UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 

OFFICE OF PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

 AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

July 10, 2009

MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT: ChemSAC Review of the USDA IR-4 Crop Grouping Proposal to Amend 

the Stone Fruit Crop Group 12, and Analysis of the USDA IR-4 Petition to 

Amend the Crop Group Regulation 40 CFR § 180.41 (c) (12) and

Commodity Definitions [40 CFR § 180.1 (g)].

FROM: Bernard A. Schneider, Ph.D., Senior Plant Physiologist

Chemistry and Exposure Branch 

Health Effects Division (7509P) 

TO: William Donovan, Ph.D. and Michael Doherty, Ph.D.,

Chairpersons ChemSAC and Members

Jennifer Selwyn, PMRA

Marco Cotero, Mexico

Barbara Madden, Minor Use Officer, RD (7505P)

Rame Cromwell, FEAD (7506P)

BACKGROUND:

The current Crop Group 12, Stone Fruits group published in 40 CFR 180.41 (13) 

includes eleven commodity entries in the botanical family of Rosaceae. Sweet or tart 

cherry, peach, and plum or fresh prune were selected as representative commodities for 

this group. There have been 54 group tolerances established on stone fruits crop group 

based on the residue data generated from the representative crops. 
2

Since this crop group was established in 1995, more species and varieties of stone 

fruits have become popular in commercial production or trade and are currently “orphan” 

crops. Jujube while not in the Rosaceae family contains a single seed with a hard shell. 

The morphology of this crop resembles some stone fruits such as cherries and small 

varieties of plums as it has large canopies shading the small sized fruits, and should be 

similar to the stone fruits in terms of residue exposure. Some other “minor orphan” stone 

fruit commodities have become more popular in some countries and areas today than they 

were 10 years ago, such as the Klamath plum. Increased globalization of cooking in the 

United States has resulted in different fruits to be enjoyed in everything from sorbets to 

salsas. Adding these commodities to the EPA stone fruits group will benefit the growers 

by enabling tools for crop protection. Some other species or varieties/cultivars of stone 

fruits are also added in the proposed stone fruits group, including the Japanese apricot. 

The Japanese apricot is a popular fruit in Asia, and its commercial products such as 

preserved Ume or Ume juice are already being sold in American markets. In the 

Japanese crop grouping system, Japanese apricot (Ume) is grouped with Japanese plum 

(sumomo) and apricot (andzu) as "small sized stone fruits."

The world total hectares for apricots, cherries, peaches, and plums have increased 

from 3,583,597 hectares (ha) in 1997 to 4,717,647 ha in 2007, and the total production of 

these fruits has increased from 23,525,883 metric tons in 1997 to 32,123,241 metric tons 

in 2007. Some of these fruits don’t have large commercial production, and thus have 

little chance to develop an integrated pest control program (IPM) unless they are added to 

pest control products labels and placed in the stone fruit group. Some of these “minor” 

stone fruits have great potential to be grown on a larger scale in some areas in the future 

due to their unique nutritional and medicinal values. Being excluded from the crop 

groups, means that tolerances requested for these commodities would have to be 

established based on separate residue studies. Without a doubt the inclusion of these 

commodities in crop groups will benefit growers, consumers, save time and tax payer’s 

money on residue studies, save government agencies time in reviewing residue data, as 

well as facilitating the establishment of import tolerances. 

This petition proposes “Stone fruits Group 12” with 22 commodity entries, among

these 21 are in the botanical family of Rosaceae and one in the family of Rhamnaceae. 

Compared with many other crop groups, most commodities in this group are closely 

related and all the commodities share similar morphological and cultural characteristics. 

The 11 commodities in the proposed crop group are temperate season perennial trees 

grown for edible fruits. The fact that these fruits are in the same botanical family with 

similar biological and cultural aspects suggests they should also encounter similar pest 

problems and hence have similar needs for pest control products in similar use patterns. 

Commodities and their varieties and/or hybrids proposed in this group include all the 

commodities in the Codex Classification of Stone Fruits Group and EU Crop List of 

Stone Fruits Group. The representative commodities in the existing EPA Stone Fruits 

Group, sweet or tart cherry, peach, and plum or fresh prune have been recommended by 

the Workgroup to continue to be representative commodities for the proposed new group. 

The new Stone Fruits Group and the representative commodities proposed in this petition 

would facilitate the harmonization of the U.S. and the Codex crop classification systems. 
3

Currently there are two Commodity Definitions for stone fruits published in the 

40 CFR 180 (1) (g), for “Cherry and Peach.” To facilitate residue data generation and 

tolerance establishment on small and large varieties of stone fruits, two subgroups are 

proposed in this proposal for the stone fruits group, as the Peach subgroup and the Cherry 

subgroup. Peach subgroup includes medium to large fruits including peaches, nectarines, 

plums, and jujube; and the Cherry subgroup includes the smaller stone fruits, the cherries. 

By proposing the two subgroups the two commodity definitions could be deleted from 

the regulation. 

The Crop Group 12 proposal was generated at the USDA/IR-4 Crop Grouping 

Symposium in Washington, DC, October 2002 by the Temperate Tree and Small Fruit 

Workgroup Chaired by Van Starner of USDA, IR-4 and Co-Chaired by Craig Hunter, 

Canadian Horticultural Center, Rick Melnicoe, University of California Department of 

Environmental Toxicology, Dr. Richard Loranger and Chris Olinger, EPA, HED and 

John Wise, Michigan State University. It was further discussed and developed within the 

Stone fruits Workgroup of the ICGCC. This workgroup consists of over 200 crop or 

regulatory experts from the US, and NAFTA, EU, Asia, Middle East, and Latin America 

Regions representing over 40 countries. The Workgroup discussed and validated each of 

the proposed commodities and representative commodities.

Another important aspect is the harmonization with the Codex crop classification. 

The Codex Classification of foods and animal feeds for Stone Fruit Group is also 

undergoing revision. The IR-4/EPA Crop Grouping Working Group and the 

International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC) are making every effort to 

collaborate with the revision of the Codex crop classification. The expanded Stone Fruit 

Group and the representative commodities proposed in this petition would facilitate the 

harmonization of the U.S. and the Codex crop classification systems. 

The classical definition of a stone fruit is a group of crops belonging to the genus 

Prunus, which have the fruit type called a drupe such as the peach, plum, cherry, and 

apricot. Given this fact most commodities included in this group are from the same 

botanical family and genus, and that they are similar in plant morphology and cultural 

methods. They are widely grown in temperate and some in subtropical regions, and are 

among the most popular fruits in the marketplace. 

REQUEST:

Dr Hong Chen, Crop Grouping Project Coordinator, USDA Interregional 

Research Project No. 4 (IR-4), State Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University 

has submitted a petition (January 8, 2007) on behalf of the IR-4 Project, and the Stone 

Fruits Workgroup of the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC) to 

amend the Crop Group Regulation 40 CFR § 180.41 (c) (13) Crop Group 12, Stone Fruits 

Group, and propose deletion of Commodity Definitions 40 CFR 180.1 (g) for cherries 

and peaches. 
4

Four proposals to amend the Stone fruit group that were submitted by USDA IR-4 

were analyzed by Dr. Bernard A. Schneider, EPA and the complete analysis and report is 

available as a separate attachment. A comparison of the current Stone fruit group with 

the proposed amended group is shown in Table 1 of this memo and for the proposed crop 

subgroups in Table 2. Each of the specific proposals will be listed below and HED 

recommendations and conclusions as well as other HED recommendations on 

terminology, database development, and harmonization with Codex. 

HED ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:

The EPA would like to commend the valuable and high quality input of the 

ICGCC, all its members, and the Committee Chairperson Dr Hong Chen and Bill Barney, 

USDA IR-4, as well as Dr. Yuen-Shaung Ng, Biologist, HED, Doug Dotson, Chemist 

and Jessie Cordova, HED Information Technical Specialist, Susan Stanton, Roger 

Chesser and Laura Nollen, Biologists, RD, EPA for their input and development of 

various databases in this report and Dr. Paul Schwartz, USDA, Office of Minor Use 

Pesticides for his advice and peer review. 

IR-4 Proposal 1:

1. “Amend the existing crop group in 40 CFR 180.41 (c) (12) that consists of the 

following eleven commodity entries:

1. Apricot, Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosaceae)

2. Cherry, sweet, Prunus avium (L.) L. (Rosaceae)

3. Cherry, tart, Prunus cerasus L. (Rosaceae)

4. Nectarine, P. persica var. nucipersica (Suckow) C.K. Schneid. (Rosaceae)

5. Peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. persica (Rosaceae)

6. Plum, Prunus domestica L. ssp. domestica (Rosaceae)

7. Plum, Chickasaw, Prunus angustifolia Marshall (Rosaceae)

8. Plum, Damson, Prunus domestica spp. insititia (L.) C.K. Schneid. (Rosaceae)

9. Plum, Japanese, Prunus salicina Lindl. (Rosaceae)

10. Plumcot, Prunus domestica L. x P. armeniaca L. (Rosaceae)

11. Prune (fresh), Prunus domestica L. ssp. Domestica (Rosaceae)

To an expanded crop group that consists of following 22 commodity entries:

1. Apricot, Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosaceae)

2. Apricot, Japanese, Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. (Rosaceae)

3. Capulin, Prunus serotina Ehrh. subsp. capuli (Cav.) McVaugh (Rosaceae)

4. Cherry, black, Prunus serotina Ehrh. ssp. serotina (Rosaceae)

5. Cherry, Nanking, Prunus tomentosa Thunb. (Rosaceae)

6. Cherry, sweet, Prunus avium (L.) L. (Rosaceae)

7. Cherry/tart, Prunus cerasus L. (Rosaceae)
5

8. Choke cherry, Prunus virginiana (Rosaceae)

9. Jujube, Ziziphus jujube Mill. (Rhamnaceae)

10. Plum, Klamath, Prunus subcordata Benth. (Rosaceae)

11. Nectarine, Prunus persica var. nucipersica (Suckow) C.K. Schneid. (Rosaceae)

12. Peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. persica (Rosaceae)

13. Plum, Prunus domestica L. ssp. domestica (Rosaceae)

14. Plum, American, Prunus americana Marshall (Rosaceae)

15. Plum, beach, Prunus maritime Marshall (Rosaceae)

16. Plum, cherry, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. (Rosaceae)

17. Plum, Chickasaw, Prunus angustifolia Marshall (Rosaceae)

18. Plum, Damson, Prunus domestica spp. insititia (L.) C.K. Schneid. (Rosaceae)

19. Plum, Japanese, Prunus salicina Lindl. (Rosaceae)

20. Plumcot, Prunus domestica L. x P. armeniaca L. (Rosaceae)

21. Prune (fresh), Prunus domestica L. ssp. Domestica (Rosaceae)

22. Sloe, Prunus spinosa L. (Rosaceae)

And all edible varieties and/or hybrids of Prunus species and Ziziphus species.”

HED Recommendation for IR-4 Proposal 1:

Based on similarities and characteristics of the Rosaceae or Rose family which 

includes all the proposed members to the Stone Fruit Crop Group 12, as well as a 

comparison of stone fruits, cultural practices, edible food and animal feed portions, 

residue levels, geographical location, pest problems, established tolerances, and for 

international harmonization purposes, I recommend that ChemSAC concur to amend the 

Stone Fruit Crop Group 12 from eleven commodities to twenty-two commodities.

While USDA IR-4 also recommended adding jujube to the Stone fruit group, 

however, after analysis of this crop, I recommend ChemSAC concur not to add this 

commodity to this crop group. Jujube is in a different plant family (Rhamnaceae instead 

of Rosaceae) than all the other stone fruits. It is more adaptable to be added to a new 

proposed tropical fruit edible peel crop group that IR-4 will be recommending later this 

year. Research into these commodities also showed that the Canada plum (Prunus nigra)

has had recent improved varieties for ornamental and edible fruit use; therefore I am 

recommending including Canada plum as a commodity in the revised Stone fruit group 

12. There were also two crop subgroups proposed by IR-4 for this crop group which will 

be discussed in IR-4 Proposal 3.
6

The scientific names of the twenty-two commodities were also updated and are 

listed below. 

“HED Corrected Proposed Stone Fruit Crop Group 12 - 09”.

Commodities

Apricot, Prunus armeniaca L.

Apricot, Japanese, Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc.

Capulin, Prunus serotina Ehrh. subsp. capuli (Cav.) McVaugh

Cherry, black, Prunus serotina Ehrh. ssp. serotina

Cherry, Nanking, Prunus tomentosa Thunb

Cherry, sweet, Prunus avium (L.) L

Cherry, tart, Prunus cerasus L.

Chokecherry, Prunus virginiana L.

Nectarine, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. nucipersica (Suckow) C.K. Schneid.

Peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. persica

Plum, Prunus domestica L. subsp. domestica

Plum, American, Prunus americana Marshall

Plum, beach, Prunus maritima Marshall

Plum, Canada, Prunus nigra Aiton

Plum, cherry, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.

Plum, Chickasaw, Prunus angustifolia Marshall

Plum, Damson, Prunus domestica L. subsp. insititia (L.) C.K. Schneid.

Plum, Japanese, Prunus salicina Lindl.

Plum, Klamath, Prunus subcordata Benth

Plum, prune, Prunus domestica L. subsp. domestica

Plumcot, Prunus hybr.

Sloe, Prunus spinosa L

Cultivars, varieties, and hybrids of these commodities.

Additional notes: 

 HED also recommends changing the preferred commodity name for Prune (fresh) to 

Plum, prune, since this is the preferred tolerance commodity term used in the EPA 

Food and Feed Commodity Vocabulary (http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/foodfeed) 

for several years and is more accurate description of the commodity. The crop 

name is Prune plum.

 HED also recommends that in the crop group table the term “varieties and/or 

hybrids of these” should be changed to, “Cultivars, varieties, and hybrids, of these 

commodities” to avoid all confusion with terminology regarding whether they are 

cultivars, varieties, or hybrids of the any stone fruit commodities. 

IR-4 Proposal 2:

2. “The following commodities, Sweet or tart cherry, peach, and plum or fresh prune, 

should remain as representative commodities for the expanded group.”
7

HED Recommendation for Proposal 2:

I recommend ChemSAC concur to retain Sweet or tart cherry, peach, and plum or 

fresh prune, as representative commodities for the amended Stone Fruit Crop Group 12. 

These representative commodities account for > 99 % of the harvested acres for the 

members of the amended Stone Fruit Group. The representative commodities are based 

on similarities in fruit and cultural practices and geographical locations, as well as their 

high production (both acres and yield) and consumption. A comparison of established 

tolerances on stone fruit commodities also supports that residue levels will be similar 

between members of the crop group. The commodity fresh prune will become prune 

plum to conform to new EPA Food and Feed Commodity Vocabulary terminology.

IR-4 Proposal 3:

3. Establish two new subgroups under the Stone fruit crop group as follows:”

1). Subgroup 12-A: Peach subgroup. Representative commodity: Peach, and Plum or 

Fresh prune.

Sixteen commodities included in this subgroup are: American plum; Apricot; 

Beach plum; Cherry plum; Chickasaw plum; Damson plum; Japanese apricot; Japanese 

plum; Jujube; Klamath plum; Nectarine; Peach; Plum; Plumcot; Prune (fresh), and Sloe.

2). Subgroup 12-B: Cherry subgroup. Representative commodity: Sweet or Tart cherry.

Six commodities included in this subgroup are: Capulin; Cherry, black; Cherry, 

Nanking; Cherry, sweet; Cherry, tart; and Chokecherry.

HED Recommendation for Proposal 3:

I recommend that instead of the two subgroups proposed by IR-4 that a third 

subgroup be established, in order to harmonize with Codex. These would be similar to 

the two proposed by IR-4 and a third which will separate the proposed Peach subgroup 

into a Peach and a separate Plum Subgroup. The representative commodities for the 

proposed Peach subgroup is peach and a plum or fresh prune. Since we are 

recommending a Plum subgroup the representative commodity for the Peach subgroup 

would be peach and the representative commodity for the Plum subgroup would be plum 

or prune plum. Since hybrids between plums and apricots have been produced recently 

which are said to have improved quality than either parent it is logical to also place 

apricots in the Plum subgroup. 
8

I also recommend that ChemSAC approve the Cherry subgroup; the Peach 

subgroup; and the Plum subgroup. The representative commodities for the subgroups are 

the same as recommended for the Crop group. Jujube will not be a member of this crop 

group or subgroups and will be included in a future Tropical fruit edible peel crop group, 

since it shares more similarities to tropical and subtropical fruits. 

The three recommended subgroups will be as follows:

Cherry subgroup 12A: Representative commodity: Sweet cherry or Tart cherry.

Six commodities proposed in this subgroup are: Black cherry; Capulin; Nanking 

cherry; Sweet cherry; Tart cherry; and Chokecherry.

Peach subgroup 12B: Representative commodity: Peach.

Two commodities proposed in this subgroup are: Nectarine and Peach.

Plum subgroup 12C: Representative commodity: Plum or Prune plum.

Fourteen commodities proposed in this subgroup are: American plum; Apricot; 

Klamath plum; Beach plum; Canada plum; Cherry plum; Chickasaw plum; Damson 

plum; Japanese apricot; Japanese plum; Plum; Plumcot; Prune plum; and Sloe.

IR-4 Proposal 4:

4. “Deleting two Definitions, Cherries (tart or sour cherries and sweet cherries) and 

Peaches (peaches, nectarines) from 40 CFR 180.1 (g).”

HED Recommendation for Proposal 4 Commodity Definition for Peaches and 

Cherries:

I also recommend at this time not to delete the Peach and Cherry commodity 

definitions under 40 CFR Part 180.1(g) even though they will be similar to the members 

in the proposed Peach subgroup 12A and the Cherry subgroup 12B, respectively. The 

reason is that under the current commodity definition for peach it also covers nectarines 

and if the definition were deleted there would be no tolerances for nectarines. For several 

years we have been recommending for separate tolerances for sweet and tart cherries, but 

there are still several established tolerances just for cherry. Therefore, we recommend 

not revising the Peach and cherry commodity definitions. They will however, appear in 

the CFR not as Peaches or cherries but as peach and cherry.
9

Additional HED Recommendations/Conclusions:

HED Recommendation 5:

Another important aspect of crop grouping is the harmonization effort with the 

Codex Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds. The current EPA crop group for Stone 

fruit group 12 is very similar to the corresponding Codex Stone fruits (Crop Group 003). 

The Codex Group 003, Stone Fruits, consists of twenty-one commodities including 

matches to all the eleven commodities in the current EPA crop group 12. The differences 

are several of the Codex commodities refer to another commodity such as “Plum, 

Japanese see Plums” whereas in the U.S. system Plum, Japanese is a distinct commodity. 

The twenty-three Codex commodities really consist of ten distinct commodities with the 

rest being multiple entries, or varieties of cultivar of other commodities listed. The U.S. 

is proposing to add the following commodities: Beach plum; Black cherry; Capulin; 

Cherry plum; Chokecherry; Canada plum; Japanese apricot; Klamath plum; and the 

Nanking cherry that are not yet in the Codex system. Several Codex names are 

equivalent to lookup terms in the EPA Food and Feed Commodity Vocabulary like 

bullace is plum, and morello is cherry, tart. Jujube in the Codex system is placed in their 

“Assorted tropical and subtropical fruit – edible peel” group and EPA is also proposing to 

place jujube in a future Tropical fruit – edible peel group. Note that the current Codex 

crop group does not have representative commodities. A revision of the Codex 

Classification is underway with consideration to include adding new commodities, 

creating subgroups, and selecting representative commodities. 

HED Recommendation 6:

Guidance for HED SOP 99.6 - “Classification of Food Forms with Respect to 

Level of Blending” issued August 20, 1999, and HED SOP 2000.1 – “Guidance for 

Translation of Field Trial Data from Representative Commodities in the Crop Group 

Regulation to Other Commodities in Each Crop Group/Subgroup” issued September 12, 

2000 can be updated to reflect the amendment to the Stone fruit group 12.

HED Recommendation 7:

The Health Effects Division Dry Matter Database prepared by Dr’s. Yuen-Shaung 

NG and B. A. Schneider will be updated to include the additional commodities for the 

Stone Fruit Group.

HED Recommendation 8:

Guidance on expressing tolerance terminology for the Stone fruit crop group 12 is 

discussed under the “Tolerance expression guidance section of this analysis.
10

HED Recommendation 9:

New lookup and preferred EPA terms for the members of the Stone Fruit Crop 

Group are listed in the EPA Food and Feed Commodity Vocabulary section of this report 

and these terms should be added to the updated EPA Food and Feed Commodity 

Vocabulary website (http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/foodfeed). 

APPENDIX:

Table 1. EPA Crop Group Proposals Comparison: Current Established Stone 

Fruits Crop Group 12 with the Proposed Amendments to the Stone Fruit Group 12.

Regulation Current Stone Fruits Crop 

Group 12

(May 17, 1995).

Proposed Stone Fruit Crop Group 12 for 

ChemSAC Approval (8/09).

Name of the 

Crop Group

Stone Fruits Crop Group 12. Stone Fruit Crop Group 12-09 or 12-10.

Representative 

Crops

Three:

Sweet cherry or tart cherry

Peach and

Plum or fresh prune

Three:

Sweet cherry or tart cherry

Peach and 

Plum or Prune plum

Subgroups None Three subgroups: 

Cherry subgroup 12-09A;

Peach subgroup 12-09B;

Plum subgroup 12-09C.

Commodities 

included

(11) – Apricot; Cherry, 

sweet; Cherry, tart; 

Nectarine; Peach; Plum; 

Plum, Chickasaw; Plum, 

Damson; Plum, Japanese;

Plumcot; Prune (fresh)

(22) – Apricot; Apricot, Japanese; Capulin; 

Cherry, black; Cherry, Nanking; Cherry, 

sweet; Cherry/tart; Choke cherry; Jujube*, 

Nectarine; Peach,; Plum; Plum, American; 

Plum, beach; Plum, Canada**; Plum, cherry; 

Plum, Chickasaw; Plum, Damson; Plum, 

Japanese; Plum, Klamath; Plumcot; Plum, 

prune; Sloe; and cultivars, varieties, and/or 

hybrids of these.

Commodity 

Definitions 

180.1(g).

Two:

Cherries;

Peaches

Two:

Cherry;

Peach

 * Jujube was a proposed commodity by ICGCC rejected by EPA better to place in the 

proposed Tropical fruit edible peel crop group.

 ** Canada plum added by EPA.
11

Table 2. Comparison of Proposed and HED Recommendations for Crop Subgroups 

12A, 12B, and 12C.

.

IR-4 Proposed 

Crop Subgroup 

(Representative 

Commodity)

HED 

Recommendation 

Crop Subgroup 

(Representative 

Commodity)

IR-4 Proposed 

Members of the 

Subgroup

HED Recommendation 

Crop Subgroup 

Members

Cherry subgroup 

12A

(representative 

commodity: 

Cherry, sweet or 

Cherry, tart):

Cherry subgroup 12A

(representative 

commodity: Cherry, 

sweet or Cherry, tart)

(6) Capulin; Cherry, 

black; Cherry, 

Nanking; Cherry, 

sweet; Cherry/tart;

and Chokecherry. 

(6) Capulin; Cherry, 

black; Cherry, Nanking; 

Cherry, sweet; Cherry, 

tart; and Chokecherry 

and cultivars, varieties, 

and/or hybrids of these.

Peach subgroup 

12B 

(representative 

commodity: 

Peach, and Plum 

or Fresh prune.)

Peach subgroup 12B 

(representative 

commodity: Peach)

(16) Apricot; Apricot, 

Japanese; Choke cherry; 

Jujube*, Nectarine; 

Peach,; Plum; Plum, 

American; Plum, beach; 

Plum, cherry; Plum, 

Chickasaw; Plum, 

Damson; Plum, Japanese; 

Plum, Klamath; Plumcot;

Plum, prune; Sloe;

(2) Peach, Nectarine, and 

cultivars, varieties, or 

hybrids of these.

Plum subgroup 12C 

(representative

commodity: Plum or 

Prune plum).

No Plum subgroup 

was proposed in the 

USDA IR-4 petition.

(14) Apricot; Apricot, 

Japanese; Plum; Plum, 

American; Plum, beach; 

Plum, Canada**; Plum, 

cherry; Plum, 

Chickasaw; Plum, 

Damson; Plum, 

Japanese; Plum, 

Klamath; Plumcot;

Plum, prune; Sloe; and

cultivars, varieties, 

and/or hybrids of these.

 * Jujube was a proposed commodity by ICGCC rejected by EPA better to place in the 

proposed Tropical fruit edible peel crop group.

 ** Canada plum added by EPA.