Forest Statistics for

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Andrew J. Hartsell and John S. Vissage

United States

Department of

Agriculture

Forest Service

Southern

Research Station

Resource Bulletin

SRS–60

NORTH

SOUTHEAST

 NORTH

CENTRAL

 WEST

CENTRAL

SOUTHWEST-

 NORTH

SOUTHWESTSOUTH

-

-
August 2001

Southern Research Station

P.O. Box 2680

Asheville, NC 28802

The Authors:

Andrew J. Hartsell is a Research Forester with the Forest

Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Southern

Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service, Starkville, MS 39760. John S. Vissage is a

former Research Forester with the Forest Inventory and

Analysis Research Work Unit, Southern Research Station,

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Starkville,

MS 39760.
i

Foreword

This report highlights the principal findings of the seventh forest survey of West-Central Alabama. Field work began in April

1997 and was completed in May 2000. Six previous surveys, completed in 1936, 1953, 1963, 1972, 1982, and 1990, provide

statistics for measuring changes and trends over the past 63 years. This report primarily emphasizes changes and trends since

1990.

Periodic surveys of forest resources are authorized by the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978.

These surveys are a continuing, nationwide undertaking by the Regional Experiment Stations of the U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service. In the Southern United States, these surveys are conducted by the Forest Inventory and Analysis

(FIA) Research Work Unit at the Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC. The FIA unit operates out of two locations, one in

Starkville, MS, and the other in Asheville, NC, and is responsible for inventories in 13 Southern States and the Commonwealth

of Puerto Rico. The primary objective of these surveys is to periodically inventory and evaluate all forest and related resources.

These multiresource data help provide a basis for formulating forest policies and programs and for the orderly development and

use of the resources. This report discusses the extent and condition of forest land, associated timber volumes, and rates of timber

growth, mortality, and removals.

Additional information about any aspect of this survey may be obtained from:

Forest Inventory and Analysis

Southern Research Station

P.O. Box 2680

Asheville, NC 28802–2680

Telephone: 828–257–4350

Acknowledgement

The Southern Research Station gratefully acknowledges the cooperation and excellent assistance provided by the Alabama

Forestry Commission in the collection of field data. The research was made possible through collaboration of USDA Forest

Service, FIA personnel (including those in Data Collection, Data Compilation, Analysis, and Publication Management). We also

appreciate the cooperation of other public agencies and private landowners in providing access to measurement plots.
ii
iii

Highlights.................................................................................................................................................... 1

Inventory Methods...................................................................................................................................... 2

Statistical Reliability .................................................................................................................................. 3

Definitions................................................................................................................................................... 5

Metric Equivalents...................................................................................................................................... 9

Graphs ......................................................................................................................................................... 10

Cross Reference of Eastern Core Tables ................................................................................................... 15

Index of Tables............................................................................................................................................ 15

 Tables 1–49a .............................................................................................................................................. 17

a All tables in this report are available in Microsoft® Excel workbook files. Upon request, these files will be supplied

on 31⁄2-inch diskettes.

 The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement

by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service.

 Page

Contents
iv

Figure 1—Forest survey regions in Alabama.

Lauderdale Limestone

Madison Jackson

Colbert

Franklin Lawrence

Morgan

Marshall De Kalb

Marion Winston Cullman

Blount Etowah Cherokee

Lamar

Fayette

Walker

Jefferson

St. Clair Calhoun Cleburne

Shelby Talladega

Clay

Randolph

Pickens

Greene Bibb

Hale

Perry

Dallas

Chilton

Coosa Tallapoosa

Chambers

Autauga

Elmore Lee

Sumter

Marengo

Wilcox Choctaw

Clarke Monroe

LowndesMontgomery

Macon

Russell

Bullock

Barbour

Butler Crenshaw

Pike

Covington

Coffee Dale Henry

Geneva Houston

Conecuh Washington

Baldwin

Mobile

Escambia

NORTH

Tuscaloosa

SOUTHEAST

NORTHCENTRAL

WESTCENTRAL

SOUTHWESTNORTH

SOUTHWESTSOUTH
1

Forest Statistics for

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Andrew J. Hartsell and John S. Vissage

Highlights

This report summarizes results from a 1999 inventory of the

forest resources of West-Central Alabama (fig. 1). These

data are considered preliminary; a finalized State analytical

report will be published after all survey units have been

inventoried. Current estimates of forest area, timberland

area, related classifications such as ownership and forest

type, and timber volume are presented. While comparisons

are made with values from the previous inventory, methods

for determining several key attributes such as volume,

stocking, forest type, stand-size class, and site class have

changed. The inventory plot design has changed since the

previous survey. Changes in methods and plot design were

made to increase consistency among Forest Inventory and

Analysis Research Work Units (FIA). For comparisons in

this report, growing stock and sawtimber volumes from the

previous inventory have been recomputed using current

methods. Resource data are presented in 49 tables and 9

graphs. A summary of major findings follows.

Timberland area—The area classified as timberland in this

nine-county area has increased 1 percent since 1990 to 3.4

million acres. Eighty-four thousand acres were diverted from

timberland to other land uses, while 131,000 acres were

added from previously nonforest land uses, resulting in a net

addition of 47,000 acres. Four-fifths of the diverted

timberland was cleared for urban and related land uses.

Timberland covered 78 percent of the land area in WestCentral Alabama.

Ownership—Nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) land

ownership increased 6 percent to 2.52 million acres.

Corporate ownership increased 46 percent to 307,000 acres.

Ownership by individuals increased 2 percent to 2.22 million

acres. NIPF land owners controlled 74 percent of the

timberland in West-Central Alabama. Timberland owned by

forest industry dropped 15 percent to 690,000 acres. Public

agencies controlled 190,000 acres, or 6 percent of total

timberland.

Forest type—Forest stands classified as hardwood forest

types accounted for 44 percent of the timberland area. The

area of hardwood stands decreased 6 percent since 1990.

The area of softwood stands increased 12 percent to 1.20

million acres, or 35 percent of the timberland area. The area

of oak-pine stands increased 2 percent to 714,000 acres.

Planted stands occupied 1.0 million acres—29 percent of all

timberland.

Stand treatment—Harvesting and regeneration were the

predominant treatment and management activities in the

timberland of the region since 1990. Final harvest occurred

on 76,500 acres annually. Thirty-five percent of these

harvests were from oak-pine stands, 28 percent from upland

hardwood stands, 22 percent from natural pine stands, 13

percent from pine plantations, and 2 percent from lowland

hardwood stands. Reforestation and afforestation combined

averaged 100,000 acres annually.

Softwood volume—Volume of softwood growing stock

increased 6 percent to 1.8 billion cubic feet between 1990

and 1999. Softwood growing-stock volume increased 40

percent on public lands to 188 million cubic feet, and 1

percent on NIPF lands to 1.1 billion cubic feet. On forest

industry lands, softwood growing-stock volume increased by

9 percent to 502 million cubic feet. Loblolly pine was the

predominate species at 1.5 billion cubic feet, an increase of

20 percent since 1990. Planted stands accounted for 43

percent of the 1999 softwood inventory. The inventory of

softwood sawtimber totaled about 5.9 billion board feet, a

decrease of 3 percent from 1990.

Hardwood volume—Volume of hardwood growing stock

increased 5 percent to 2.3 billion cubic feet. Hardwood

growing-stock volume increased 56 percent on public lands

to 180 million cubic feet, and 10 percent on NIPF lands to

1.9 billion cubic feet. Hardwood growing-stock volume

decreased 35 percent to 256 million cubic feet on forest

industry lands. Other red oaks are the predominate species

group with 516 million cubic feet. The inventory of

hardwood sawtimber increased 21 percent to 7.3 billion

board feet.
2

Growth—Net annual growth of softwood growing stock

averaged 147.6 million cubic feet, an increase of 53 percent

since the previous survey period. Softwood growth

increased 208 percent on public lands, 34 percent on NIPF

lands, and 71 percent on forest industry land. Planted stands

accounted for more than one-half the softwood growth. Net

annual growth of hardwood growing stock averaged 88.4

million cubic feet, down by 6 percent since the previous

inventory. Hardwood growth increased 139 percent on

public lands, but decreased 8 percent and 32 percent on

NIPF ownership and forest industry lands, respectively, since

the previous survey period.

Removals—Annual removals of softwood growing stock

averaged 152.8 million cubic feet, an increase of 13 percent

since the previous survey period. Sixty-four percent of the

softwood removals were from NIPF land, 31 percent from

forest industry land, and 6 percent from public lands.

Softwood removals exceeded softwood growth by 4 percent.

Planted stands accounted for 31 percent of the softwood

removals. Annual removals of hardwood growing stock

averaged 82.0 million cubic feet, an increase of 3 percent

since the previous survey period. Eighty-four percent of

hardwood removals were from NIPF land, 13 percent from

forest industry land, and 3 percent from public land.

Hardwood growth exceeded removals by 8 percent.

Mortality—Average annual mortality of growing stock

increased 3 percent to 46.6 million cubic feet since the

previous survey period. Hardwood mortality was stable at

23.4 million cubic feet; softwood mortality increased 8

percent to 23.2 million cubic feet.

Inventory Methods

The Southern Research Station, FIA secured data on forest

acreage and timber volume using a three-step process. A

forest-nonforest classification using aerial photographs was

completed using a count of points representing approximately 230 acres each. These photo classifications were

adjusted based on ground observations at sample locations

representing approximately 3,840 acres. Finally, field

measurements were made at forest locations on the

intersections of grid lines spaced approximately 3 miles

apart.

The plot installed at each ground sample location was a

cluster of four points spaced 120 feet apart. Each point

served as the center of a 1/24-acre circular subplot used to

sample trees 5.0 inches diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) and

larger. A 1/300-acre microplot, located at the subplot center,

was used to sample trees 1.0 to 4.9 inches d.b.h. and

seedlings (trees less than 1.0 inch d.b.h.). These fixed-radius

sample plots were established without regard to land use or

land cover. Forest and nonforest condition classes were

delineated and recorded on each plot. Condition classes were

defined by six attributes: land-use, forest type, stand origin,

stand size, stand density, and major ownership. The process

of delineating a fixed-radius plot into numerous sections

based on forest and land-use conditions is called mapping.

All trees tallied were assigned to their respective condition

class. For conditions that were too small to have sufficient

stocking, the field person assigned a forest type and stand

size based on similar conditions outside the plot boundary. In

all other cases, these classifications were derived using

standard FIA algorithms.

The cluster of four fixed plots sampled timberland at 662

ground sample locations in this survey unit. Estimates of

timber volume and forest classifications were derived from

tree measurements and classifications made at those

locations. Volumes for individual tally trees were computed

using equations for each of the major species in the survey

unit. Previous surveys used deterministic measurements

taken along the bole of each tree to compute individual tree

volumes. Estimates of 1990 tree volumes were recomputed

using the new equations. All comparisons of standing

volume use these recomputed values. These recomputed

volumes do not match previously published numbers.

Estimates of growth, removals, and mortality were

determined from the remeasurement of 591 permanent

sample plots established in the previous inventory. The plot

design for the previous inventory was based on a cluster of

10 points. At each point, trees 5.0 inches d.b.h and larger

were selected for measurement on a variable-radius plot

defined by a 37.5-factor prism. Trees less than 5.0 inches

d.b.h. were tallied on a fixed-radius plot around points 1

through 3. Change estimates for the current survey were

determined by remeasuring 5 of the 10 points from the

previous survey. Any new trees that may have grown onto

the plot during the intersurvey period were not sampled. The

new growth algorithms do not account for ongrowth and

nongrowth of new trees.

Moving from a variable-radius prism point sampling scheme

composed of 10 points, in which all points were “rotated”

into forest conditions if a point fell in a nonforest condition,

to a fixed-plot design where all forest and nonforest

conditions are mapped on the plot brought about changes in

the way stocking and expansion factors are estimated.

Estimates of stocking are used in the computation of forest
3

type and stand size. Expansion factors are used to bring plot

and tree level estimates up to the population level. The exact

impact these changes have on the survey is often debated and

is currently being investigated. Therefore, since the sample

design and methods of deriving stand parameters have

changed since the 1990 Alabama survey, users should be

aware of these changes and use caution when making

rigorous comparisons between this and earlier surveys.

FIA inventories employ sampling methods designed to

achieve reliable statistics at the survey unit and State levels.

A measure of reliability of inventory statistics is provided

by sampling errors. These sampling errors mean that the

chances are two out of three that the true population value is

within the limits indicated by a confidence interval. Sampling errors (in percent) and associated confidence intervals

around the sample estimates for timberland area, inventory

volumes, and components of change are presented in the

following table.

Statistical Reliability

Item

Timberland (1,000 acres) 3,404.3 ± 29.3 0.86

 Percent

Sample estimate

and Sampling

confidence interval error

All live (M ft3

)

 Inventory 4,593.6 ± 171.8 3.74

 Net annual growth 251.7 ± 10.7 4.26

 Annual removals 248.1 ± 17.5 7.07

 Annual mortality 55.8 ± 4.4 7.82

Growing stock (M ft

3

)

 Inventory 4,170.7 ± 163.1 3.91

 Net annual growth 236.0 ± 10.4 4.41

 Annual removals 234.9 ± 16.8 7.16

 Annual mortality 46.6 ± 4.0 8.50

Sawtimber (M fbm)

 Inventory 13,239.5 ± 740.1 5.59

 Net annual growth 826.8 ± 40.4 4.89

 Annual removals 760.2 ± 65.3 8.59

 Annual mortality 146.6 ± 15.0 10.22

Sampling error increases as the area or volume considered

decreases in magnitude. Sampling errors and associated

confidence intervals are often unacceptably high for small

components of the total resource. Statistical confidence may

be computed for any subdivision of survey unit or State

totals using the following formula. Sampling errors obtained

from this method are only approximations of reliability

because this process assumes constant variance across all

subdivisions of totals.

Thus, the sampling error is 5.78 percent, and the resulting

confidence interval (two times out of three) for hardwood

growing-stock inventory on NIPF land is 1,909.9 ± 110.4

million cubic feet.

County statistics are provided, but users are cautioned that

the accuracy of individual county data is highly variable.

Individual county statistics are provided so any combination

of counties may be added together until the totals are large

enough to meet the desired degree of reliability. Sampling

errors for key resource items for individual counties are

provided in the following table.

= 5.78 . 1,909.9 

4,170.7 3.91 = SE s 

, 

X s 

X t SE t = 

SE s

where

SEs = sampling error for subdivision of survey

unit or State total,

SEt = sampling error for survey unit or State total,

Xs = sum of values for the variable of interest

(area or volume) for subdivision of survey

unit or State,

Xt = total area or volume for survey unit or State.

For example, the estimate of sampling error for hardwood

growing-stock volume on NIPF land is computed as:
4

Sampling errorsa by counties and survey unit for timberland, live trees, growing stock, and sawtimber,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Counties and Timberland Live trees Growing stock Sawtimber

survey unit area Volume Growth Removals Volume Growth Removals Volume Growth Removals

Percent

Bibb 2.3 9.5 9.2 34.0 9.9 9.3 34.4 15.8 10.0 46.6

Fayette 2.1 12.5 13.9 23.8 13.0 14.7 23.7 18.7 17.4 26.4

Greene 2.9 12.5 19.2 28.8 13.5 19.5 29.3 17.0 16.8 34.5

Hale 2.9 12.6 14.6 23.9 13.3 14.0 24.7 16.0 14.0 28.0

Lamar 2.6 14.4 13.6 22.6 15.0 14.1 23.1 18.5 16.8 29.2

Marion 3.0 10.1 12.1 20.2 10.6 13.2 20.5 16.2 20.9 29.1

Perry 2.9 9.7 13.0 21.2 10.2 13.7 21.2 15.9 14.8 24.0

Pickens 2.2 11.8 11.2 15.4 11.9 11.3 15.8 16.3 12.6 18.2

Tuscaloosa 2.1 8.1 10.0 15.3 8.6 10.5 15.4 10.9 11.1 18.3

 Survey unit 0.9 3.7 4.3 7.1 3.9 4.4 7.2 5.6 4.9 8.6 a

 By random-sampling formula.
5

D.o.b. (diameter outside bark). Stem diameter including

bark.

Forest land. Land at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees

of any size, or formerly having had such tree cover, and not

currently developed for nonforest use. The minimum area

considered for classification is 1 acre. Forested strips must

be at least 120 feet wide.

Forest management type. A classification of timberland

based on forest type and stand origin.

Pine plantation. Stands that (a) have been artificially

regenerated by planting or direct seeding, (b) are

classed as a pine or other softwood forest type, and (c)

have at least 10 percent stocking.

Natural pine. Stands that (a) have not been artificially

regenerated, (b) are classed as a pine or other softwood

forest type, and (c) have at least 10 percent stocking.

Oak-pine. Stands that have at least 10 percent stocking

and classed as a forest type of oak-pine.

Upland hardwood. Stands that have at least 10 percent

stocking and classed as an oak-hickory or maplebeech-birch forest type.

Lowland hardwood. Stands that have at least 10 percent stocking with a forest type of oak-gum-cypress,

elm-ash-cottonwood, palm, or other tropical.

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent

stocked with live trees.

Forest type. A classification of forest land based on the

species forming a plurality of live-tree stocking. Major

eastern forest-type groups are:

White-red-jack pine. Forests in which eastern white

pine, red pine, or jack pine, singly or in combination,

constitute a plurality of the stocking. (Common

associates include hemlock, birch, and maple).

Spruce-fir. Forests in which spruce or true firs, singly

or in combination, constitute a plurality of the

stocking. (Common associates include maple, birch,

and hemlock).

Afforestation. Area of land previously classified as

nonforest that is converted to forest by planting trees or by

natural reversion to forest.

Average annual mortality. Average annual volume of trees

5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger that died from natural causes

during the intersurvey period.

Average annual removals. Average annual volume of trees

5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger removed from the inventory by

harvesting, cultural operations (such as timber-stand

improvement), land clearing, or changes in land use during

the intersurvey period.

Average net annual growth. Average annual net change in

volume of trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger in the absence

of cutting (gross growth minus mortality) during the

intersurvey period.

Basal area. The area in square feet of the cross section at

breast height of a single tree or of all the trees in a stand,

usually expressed in square feet per acre.

Biomass. The aboveground fresh weight of solid wood and

bark in live trees 1.0 inch d.b.h. and larger from the ground

to the tip of the tree. All foliage is excluded. The weight of

wood and bark in lateral limbs, secondary limbs, and twigs

under 0.5 inch in diameter at the point of occurrence on

sapling-size trees is included but is excluded on poletimber

and sawtimber-size trees.

Bole. That portion of a tree between a 1-foot stump and a

4-inch top d.o.b. in trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger.

Census water. Streams, sloughs, estuaries, canals, and other

moving bodies of water 200 feet wide and greater, and

lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and other permanent bodies of

water 4.5 acres in area and greater.

Commercial species. Tree species currently or potentially

suitable for industrial wood products.

D.b.h. Tree diameter in inches (outside bark) at breast

height (4.5 feet aboveground).

Diameter class. A classification of trees based on tree d.b.h.

Two-inch diameter classes are commonly used by Forest

Inventory and Analysis, with the even inch as the approximate midpoint for a class. For example, the 6-inch class

includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h.

Definitions
6

Longleaf-slash pine. Forests in which longleaf or

slash pine, singly or in combination, constitute a

plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include

oak, hickory, and gum).

Loblolly-shortleaf pine. Forests in which loblolly

pine, shortleaf pine, or other southern yellow pines,

except longleaf or slash pine, singly or in combination,

constitute a plurality of the stocking. (Common

associates include oak, hickory, and gum).

Oak-pine. Forests in which hardwoods (usually upland

oaks) constitute a plurality of the stocking but in which

pines account for 25 to 50 percent of the stocking.

(Common associates include gum, hickory, and yellowpoplar).

Oak-hickory. Forests in which upland oaks or hickory,

singly or in combination, constitute a plurality of the

stocking, except where pines account for 25 to 50

percent, in which case the stand would be classified

oak-pine. (Common associates include yellow-poplar,

elm, maple, and black walnut).

Oak-gum-cypress. Bottom-land forests in which

tupelo, blackgum, sweetgum, oaks, or southern

cypress, singly or in combination, constitute a plurality

of the stocking, except where pines account for 25 to

50 percent, in which case the stand would be classified

oak-pine. (Common associates include cottonwood,

willow, ash, elm, hackberry, and maple).

Elm-ash-cottonwood. Forests in which elm, ash, or

cottonwood, singly or in combination, constitute a

plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include

willow, sycamore, beech, and maple).

Maple-beech-birch. Forests in which maple, beech,

or yellow birch, singly or in combination, constitute a

plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include

hemlock, elm, basswood, and white pine).

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent

stocked with live trees.

Forested tract size. The area of forest within the contiguous tract containing each Forest Inventory and Analysis

sample plot.

Fresh weight. Mass of tree component at time of cutting.

Gross growth. Annual increase in volume of trees 5.0

inches d.b.h. and larger in the absence of cutting and

mortality. (Gross growth includes survivor growth, ingrowth, growth on ingrowth, growth on removals before

removal, and growth on mortality before death).

Growing-stock trees. Living trees of commercial species

classified as sawtimber, poletimber, saplings, and seedlings.

Trees must contain at least one 12-foot or two 8-foot logs in

the saw-log portion, currently or potentially (if too small to

qualify), to be classed as growing stock. The log(s) must

meet dimension and merchantability standards to qualify.

Trees must also have, currently or potentially, one-third of

the gross board-foot volume in sound wood.

Growing-stock volume. The cubic-foot volume of sound

wood in growing-stock trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. from a

1-foot stump to a minimum 4.0-inch top d.o.b. of the central

stem.

Hardwoods. Dicotyledonous trees, usually broadleaf and

deciduous.

Soft hardwoods. Hardwood species with an average

specific gravity of 0.50 or less, such as gums, yellowpoplar, cottonwoods, red maple, basswoods, and

willows.

Hard hardwoods. Hardwood species with an average

specific gravity greater than 0.50 such as oaks, hard

maples, hickories, and beech.

Industrial wood. All roundwood products except fuelwood.

Land area. The area of dry land and land temporarily or

partly covered by water, such as marshes, swamps, and river

floodplains (omitting tidal flats below mean high tide),

streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than 200 feet

wide, and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 4.5 acres in

area.

Live trees. All living trees. All size classes, all tree classes,

and both commercial and noncommercial species are

included.

Log grade. A classification of logs based on external

characteristics indicating quality or value.

Logging residues. The unused merchantable portion of

growing-stock trees cut or destroyed during logging

operations.
7

Net annual change. Increase or decrease in volume of live

trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. Net annual change is equal to

net annual growth minus average annual removals.

Noncommercial species. Tree species of typically small

size, poor form, or inferior quality that normally do not

develop into trees suitable for industrial wood products.

Nonforest land. Land that has never supported forests and

land formerly forested where timber production is precluded

by development for other uses.

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent stocked

with live trees.

Other forest land. Forest land other than timberland and

productive reserved forest land. It includes available and

reserved forest land which is incapable of producing

annually 20 cubic feet per acre of industrial wood under

natural conditions, because of adverse site conditions such

as sterile soils, dry climate, poor drainage, high elevation,

steepness, or rockiness.

Other removals. The growing-stock volume of trees

removed from the inventory by cultural operations such as

timber stand improvement, land clearing, and other changes

in land use, resulting in the removal of the trees from

timberland.

Ownership. The property owned by one ownership unit,

including all parcels of land in the United States.

National forest land. Federal land that has been legally

designated as national forests or purchase units, and

other land under the administration of the Forest

Service, including experimental areas and BankheadJones Title III land.

Forest industry land. Land owned by companies or

individuals operating primary wood-using plants.

Nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) land. Privately

owned land excluding forest industry land or forest

industry-leased land.

Corporate. Owned by corporations, including

incorporated farm ownerships.

Individual. All lands owned by individuals,

including farm operators.

Other public. An ownership class that includes all

public lands except national forests.

Miscellaneous Federal land. Federal land other

than national forests.

State, county, and municipal land. Land owned by

States, counties, and local public agencies or

municipalities or land leased to these governmental

units for 50 years or more.

Plant residues. Wood material generated in the production

of timber products at primary manufacturing plants.

Coarse residues. Material, such as slabs, edgings,

trim, veneer cores and ends, suitable for chipping.

Fine residues. Material, such as sawdust, shavings,

and veneer chippings, not suitable for chipping.

Plant byproducts. Residues (coarse or fine) used in

the manufacture of industrial products or for consumer

use or as fuel.

Unused plant residues. Residues (coarse or fine) not

used for any product, including fuel.

Poletimber-size trees. Softwoods 5.0 to 8.9 inches d.b.h.

and hardwoods 5.0 to 10.9 inches d.b.h.

Primary wood-using plants. Industries receiving roundwood or chips from roundwood for the manufacture of

products, such as veneer, pulp, and lumber.

Productive-reserved forest land. Forest land sufficiently

productive to qualify as timberland but withdrawn from

timber utilization through statute or administrative regulation.

Reforestation. Area of land previously classified as forest that

is regenerated by planting trees or natural regeneration.

Rotten trees. Live trees of commercial species not containing

at least one 12-foot saw log, or two noncontiguous saw logs,

each 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, primarily because

of rot or missing sections, and with less than one-third of the

gross board-foot tree volume in sound material.

Rough trees. Live trees of commercial species not containing

at least one 12-foot saw log, or two noncontiguous saw logs,

each 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, primarily because
8

Select white oaks. A group of several white oak species

composed of white, swamp chestnut, swamp white,

chinkapin, Durand, and bur oaks. Other white oak species

are included in the "other white oaks" group.

Site class. A classification of forest land in terms of

potential capacity to grow crops of industrial wood based on

fully stocked natural stands.

Softwoods. Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, having

leaves that are needles or scalelike.

Yellow pines. Loblolly, longleaf, slash, pond,

shortleaf, pitch, Virginia, sand, spruce, and Table

Mountain pines.

Other softwoods. Cypress, eastern redcedar, whitecedar, eastern white pine, eastern hemlock, spruce, and

fir.

Stand age. The average age of dominant and codominant

trees in the stand.

Stand origin. A classification of forest stands describing

their means of origin.

Planted. Planted or artificially seeded.

Natural. No evidence of artificial regeneration.

Stand-size class. A classification of forest land based on the

diameter class distribution of live trees in the stand.

Sawtimber stands. Stands at least 10 percent

stocked with live trees, with half or more of total

stocking in sawtimber and poletimber trees, and with

sawtimber stocking at least equal to poletimber

stocking.

Poletimber stands. Stands at least 10 percent stocked

with live trees, of which half or more of total stocking

is in poletimber and sawtimber trees, and with poletimber stocking exceeding that of sawtimber.

Sapling-seedling stands. Stands at least 10 percent

stocked with live trees of which more than half of

total stocking is saplings and seedlings.

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent

stocked with live trees.

of roughness, poor form, splits, and cracks, and with less than

one-third of the gross board-foot tree volume in sound

material; and live trees of noncommercial species.

Roundwood (roundwood logs). Logs, bolts, or other round

sections cut from trees for industrial or consumer uses.

Roundwood chipped. Any timber cut primarily for pulpwood, delivered to nonpulpmills, chipped, and then sold to

pulpmills as residues, including chipped tops, jump sections, whole trees, and pulpwood sticks.

Roundwood products. Any primary product such as

lumber, poles, pilings, pulp, or fuelwood, that is produced

from roundwood.

Salvable dead trees. Standing or downed dead trees that

were formerly growing stock and considered merchant-able.

Trees must be at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. to qualify.

Saplings. Live trees 1.0 to 5.0 inches d.b.h.

Saw log. A log meeting minimum standards of diameter,

length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound

and straight, with a minimum diameter inside bark for

softwoods of 6 inches (8 inches for hardwoods).

Saw-log portion. The part of the bole of sawtimber trees

between a 1-foot stump and the saw-log top.

Saw-log top. The point on the bole of sawtimber trees

above which a conventional saw log cannot be produced.

The minimum saw-log top is 7.0 inches d.o.b. for softwoods

and 9.0 inches d.o.b. for hardwoods.

Sawtimber-size trees. Softwoods 9.0 inches d.b.h. and

larger and hardwoods 11.0 inches d.b.h. and larger.

Sawtimber volume. Growing-stock volume in the sawlog portion of sawtimber-size trees in board feet

(International 1/4-inch rule).

Seedlings. Trees less than 1.0 inch d.b.h. and greater than 1

foot tall for hardwoods, greater than 6 inches tall for

softwood, and greater than 0.5 inch in diameter at ground

level for longleaf pine.

Select red oaks. A group of several red oak species composed of cherrybark, Shumard, and northern red oaks. Other

red oak species are included in the "other red oaks" group.
9

Stocking. The degree of occupancy of land by trees,

measured by basal area or the number of trees in a stand and

spacing in the stand, compared with a minimum standard,

depending on tree size, required to fully utilize the growth

potential of the land.

Density of trees and basal area per acre required for full

stocking

D.b.h. Trees per acre Basal area

class for full stocking per acre

Seedlings 600 —

2 560 —

4 460 —

6 340 67

8 240 84

10 155 85

12 115 90

14 90 96

16 72 101

18 60 106

20 51 111

Timberland. Forest land capable of producing 20 cubic feet

of industrial wood per acre per year and not withdrawn

from timber utilization.

Timber products. Roundwood products and byproducts.

Tree. Woody plants having one erect perennial stem or

trunk at least 3 inches d.b.h., a more or less definitely

formed crown of foliage, and a height of at least 13 feet (at

maturity).

Tree grade. A classification of the saw-log portion of

sawtimber trees based on: (1) the grade of the butt log or (2)

the ability to produce at least one 12-foot or two 8-foot logs

in the upper section of the saw-log portion. Tree grade is an

indicator of quality; grade 1 is the best quality.

Upper-stem portion. The part of the main stem or fork of

sawtimber trees above the saw-log top to minimum top

diameter 4.0 inches outside bark or to the point where the

main stem or fork breaks into limbs.

Volume of live trees. The cubic-foot volume of sound wood

in live trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. from a

1-foot stump to a minimum 4.0-inch top d.o.b. of the central

stem.

Volume of saw-log portion of sawtimber trees. The cubicfoot volume of sound wood in the saw-log portion of

sawtimber trees. Volume is the net result after deductions

for rot, sweep, and other defects that affect use for lumber.

1 acre = 4,046.86 square meters or 0.404686 hectare

1 cubic foot = 0.028317 cubic meter

1 inch = 2.54 centimeters or 0.0254 meter

Breast height = 1.4 meters above the ground

1 square foot = 929.03 square centimeters or 0.0929 square meter

1 square foot per acre basal area = 0.229568 square meter per hectare

1 pound = 0.454 kilogram

1 ton = 0.907 metric ton

Metric Equivalents
10

Figure 3—Area of timberland by forest-type group and stand origin, West-Central Alabama, 1990 and 1999.

Figure 2—Distribution of timberland by ownership class, West-Central Alabama, 1999.

Graphs

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

Forest-type group

Million acres

 Natural

 Planted 1990 1990

1999

1999

1999 1990

1990 1999

1990 1999

1990 1999

 Loblolly–

 shortleaf

Oak–

pine

Oak–

hickory

Oak–gum–

cypress

Elm–ash–

cottonwood

NonstockedLongleaf–

slash

1990 1999

Nonindustrial

private

74%

National

forest

4%

Other

public

2%

Forest

industry

20%

3.4 Million acres
11

Figure 4—Area of timberland by stand-size class and stand origin, West-Central Alabama, 1990 and 1999.

Figure 5—Volume of live trees on timberland by species group and stand origin, West-Central Alabama, 1990 and 1999.

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Stand-size class

Million acres

 Natural

 Planted

1990 1990

1990

1999

1999

 Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling–seedling Nonstocked

1990

1999

1999

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Billion cubic feet

 Natural

 Planted

1990 1999 1990 1999

Softwood Hardwood
12

Figure 6—Distribution of softwood live tree volume by ownership class, West-Central Alabama, 1999.

Figure 7—Distribution of hardwood live tree volume by ownership class, West-Central Alabama, 1999.

Forest

industry

27%

Nonindustrial

private

63%

National

forest

8%

Other

public

2%

1.9 Billion cubic feet

Other

public

3%

Forest

industry

11%

Nonindustrial

private

82%

National

forest

4%

2.7 Billion cubic feet
13

Figure 8—Volume of softwood live trees on timberland by diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1990 and 1999.

Figure 9—Volume of hardwood live trees on timberland by diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1990 and 1999.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20+

Diameter class (inches)

Million cubic feet

1990

1999

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20+

Diameter class (inches)

Million cubic feet

1990

1999
14

Figure 10—Average net annual growth and removals of live trees on timberland by species group and stand origin,

West-Central Alabama, 1982–1989 and 1990–1998.

0

40

80

120

160

200

Million cubic feet

 Natural

 Planted

Softwood

Hardwood

 Net growth Removals Net growth Removals

1982– 

1989

1990– 

1998

1990– 

1998

1982– 

1989

1990– 

1998

1982– 

1989

1990– 

1998

1982– 

1989
15

Index of Tables

1. Land area by county and land class

2. Area of forest land by forest-type group and

ownership class

3. Area of timberland by county and ownership class

4. Area of timberland by county and forest-type

group

5. Area of timberland by county and stand-size class

6. Area of timberland by county and site class

7. Area of timberland by county and stocking class

of growing-stock trees

8. Area of timberland by forest-type group, stand

origin, and ownership class

9. Area of timberland by forest-type group, detailed

forest type, and ownership class

10. Area of timberland by ownership and stocking

class of growing-stock trees

11. Area of timberland by forest-type group, stand

origin, and stand-size class

12. Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest

management type, all ownerships

13. Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest

management type, public ownerships

14. Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest

management type, forest industry ownerships

15. Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest

management type, nonindustrial private ownerships

16. Area of nonindustrial private timberland by ownership, forested tract-size class, and forest management type

17. Number of live trees on timberland by species and

diameter class

18. Number of growing-stock trees on timberland by

species and diameter class

19. Volume of live trees on timberland by species and

diameter class

20. Volume of growing-stock trees on timberland by

species and diameter class

Cross Reference of Eastern Core Tables

Core Core

table table

1 1 14 22

2 3 15 24, 26

3 4 16 27

4 5 17 28

5 6 18 32, 34

6 7 19 35, 37

7 8 20 38

8 10 21 38

9 11 22 40

10 17 23 41

11 18 24 43

12 20 25 23

13 21

Corresponding table

number in this report

Corresponding table

number in this report
16

21. Volume in the saw-log portion of sawtimber trees

on timberland by species and diameter class

22. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by species and

diameter class

23. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by species,

size class, and tree grade

24. Volume of growing stock on timberland by county

and species group

25. Volume of live trees on timberland by county and

species group

26. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by county and

species group

27. Volume of timber on timberland by class of timber

and species group

28. Volume of live and growing-stock trees on timberland by ownership class and species group

29. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by ownership

class, species group, and size class

30. Volume of growing stock on timberland by foresttype group, stand origin, and species group

31. Average basal area of live trees per acre on timberland by ownership class, species group, and d.b.h.

32. Average net annual growth of growing stock on

timberland by county and species group

33. Average net annual growth of live trees on timberland by county and species group

34. Average net annual growth of sawtimber on

timberland by county and species group

35. Average annual removals of growing stock on

timberland by county and species group

36. Average annual removals of live trees on timberland by county and species group

37. Average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland by county and species group

38. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of live trees, growing stock, and sawtimber

on timberland by species

39. Average annual removals of growing stock on

timberland by species and diameter class

40. Average annual mortality of live trees, growing

stock, and sawtimber on timberland by species

41. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of growing stock on timberland by

ownership class and species group

42. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of live trees on timberland by ownership

class and species group

43. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of sawtimber on timberland by ownership

class and species group

44. Average net annual growth of growing stock on

timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and

species group

45. Average annual removals of growing stock on

timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and

species group

46. Fresh weight of live trees on timberland by ownership class, species group, and tree component

47. Area of timberland treated or disturbed annually and

retained in timberland by treatment or disturbance

and ownership class

48. Area of timberland treated or disturbed annually and

retained in timberland by treatment or disturbance

and forest management type

49. Area of timberland regenerated annually by type of

regeneration and forest management type
17

Table 1—Land area by county and land class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest land

 Total land Total Productive Other

County areaa forest Timberland reserved Other landb

 Thousand acres

Bibb 398.3 345.5 345.5 — — 52.8 

Fayette 401.8 333.6 333.6 — — 68.2 

Greene 413.4 284.3 284.3 — — 129.1 

Hale 412.0 263.1 263.1 — — 148.9 

Lamar 387.1 314.6 314.6 — — 72.5 

Marion 474.5 365.9 365.9 — — 108.7 

Perry 460.5 357.0 357.0 — — 103.5 

Pickens 564.1 480.7 480.7 — — 83.5 

Tuscaloosa 848.2 659.6 659.6 — — 188.6 

 Total 4,360.0 3,404.3 3,404.3 — — 955.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a From the U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1990.

b

 Includes 14.3 thousand acres of water according to Forest Inventory and Analysis standards of area 

classification, but defined by the Bureau of Census as land.

Table 2—Area of forest land by forest-type group and ownership class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Ownership class

 All National Miscellaneous County and Forest Nonindustrial

Forest-type group classes forest Federal State municipal industry private

Thousand acres

Longleaf–slash pine 45.8 30.7 — — — 1.4 13.7 

Loblolly–shortleaf pine 1,159.2 33.2 2.8 14.5 1.2 362.4 745.1 

Oak–pine 714.1 27.6 — — — 155.6 530.8 

Oak–hickory 1,007.7 32.4 5.7 14.7 — 112.1 842.9 

Oak–gum–cypress 454.3 7.1 6.2 9.9 4.4 58.2 368.5 

Elm–ash–cottonwood 22.9 — — — — — 22.9 

Nonstocked 0.4 — — — — — 0.4 

 Total 3,404.3 130.9 14.8 39.1 5.5 689.6 2,524.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding. 

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
18

Table 3—Area of timberland by county and ownership class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Ownership class

 All National Miscellaneous County and Forest Nonindustrial private

County classes forest Federal State municipal industry Corporate Individual

Thousand acres

Bibb 345.5 59.8 — — — 84.5 18.1 183.1 

Fayette 333.6 — — 17.9 — 67.6 21.6 226.5 

Greene 284.3 — 14.3 — 4.4 37.2 53.6 174.8 

Hale 263.1 28.1 — — — 47.0 16.8 171.2 

Lamar 314.6 — — 5.2 — 48.4 28.8 232.3 

Marion 365.9 — — — 1.2 85.7 12.9 266.1 

Perry 357.0 32.4 — — — 60.5 18.5 245.6 

Pickens 480.7 — 0.5 — — 129.9 22.5 327.9 

Tuscaloosa 659.6 10.5 — 16.1 — 128.8 114.1 390.0 

 Total 3,404.3 130.9 14.8 39.1 5.5 689.6 306.9 2,217.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 4—Area of timberland by county and forest-type group, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest-type group

All Longleaf– Loblolly– Oak– Oak– Oak–gum– Elm–ash–

County groups slash shortleaf pine hickory cypress cottonwood Nonstocked

Thousand acres

Bibb 345.5 27.1 129.9 101.4 72.8 14.3 — — 

Fayette 333.6 — 124.4 52.0 115.0 26.6 15.5 — 

Greene 284.3 — 69.4 47.3 72.3 95.3 — — 

Hale 263.1 5.4 88.9 32.6 82.1 54.1 — — 

Lamar 314.6 — 67.8 86.4 100.6 57.7 2.1 — 

Marion 365.9 — 170.1 38.2 149.1 5.9 2.6 — 

Perry 357.0 9.5 136.7 79.2 88.3 42.9 — 0.4 

Pickens 480.7 — 150.9 118.1 139.2 72.6 — — 

Tuscaloosa 659.6 3.8 221.1 159.0 188.3 84.8 2.6 — 

 Total 3,404.3 45.8 1,159.2 714.1 1,007.7 454.3 22.9 0.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
19

Table 6—Area of timberland by county and site class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

 All Site class (cubic feet/acre/year)

County classes 20-49 50-84 85-119 120-164 >165

Thousand acres

Bibb 345.5 21.0 121.4 144.6 45.7 12.9 

Fayette 333.6 49.1 126.1 103.7 38.6 16.1 

Greene 284.3 10.0 93.0 103.6 63.5 14.2 

Hale 263.1 46.6 91.8 81.5 36.4 6.8 

Lamar 314.6 16.5 154.4 107.6 24.4 11.8 

Marion 365.9 30.5 138.1 132.9 58.7 5.7 

Perry 357.0 4.7 78.5 188.6 73.3 11.8 

Pickens 480.7 31.1 149.8 199.2 75.6 24.9 

Tuscaloosa 659.6 67.3 279.9 170.9 93.9 47.6 

 Total 3,404.3 276.7 1,233.0 1,232.6 510.1 151.9 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 5—Area of timberland by county and stand-size class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Stand-size class

 All SaplingCounty classes Sawtimber Poletimber seedling Nonstocked

Thousand acres

Bibb 345.5 132.4 98.1 115.0 — 

Fayette 333.6 77.1 71.5 185.1 — 

Greene 284.3 115.5 48.2 120.6 — 

Hale 263.1 107.9 34.1 121.1 — 

Lamar 314.6 65.0 58.3 191.3 — 

Marion 365.9 79.0 85.8 201.0 — 

Perry 357.0 87.0 105.3 164.4 0.4 

Pickens 480.7 129.6 71.4 279.7 — 

Tuscaloosa 659.6 207.4 95.1 357.2 — 

 Total 3,404.3 1,000.8 667.8 1,735.3 0.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
20

Table 7—Area of timberland by county and stocking class of growing-stock trees, 

West-Central Alabama, 1999

 All Stocking class (percent) 

County classes <16.7 16.7-59 60-99 100-130 >130

Thousand acres

Bibb 345.5 7.8 36.7 97.7 96.6 106.7 

Fayette 333.6 3.2 30.8 116.7 96.9 86.0 

Greene 284.3 1.6 38.5 84.8 99.1 60.4 

Hale 263.1 17.0 32.2 64.6 83.7 65.6 

Lamar 314.6 0.4 35.6 103.5 88.3 86.9 

Marion 365.9 5.0 40.8 109.1 128.7 82.3 

Perry 357.0 15.8 58.8 99.7 104.6 78.0 

Pickens 480.7 11.5 44.0 162.1 175.3 87.7 

Tuscaloosa 659.6 10.1 55.0 216.3 247.2 130.9 

 Total 3,404.3 72.4 372.4 1,054.6 1,120.4 784.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
21

Table 8—Area of timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and ownership class,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Ownership class

Forest-type group All National Other Forest Nonindustrial

and stand origin classes forest public industry private

Thousand acres

Softwood types

 Longleaf–slash pine

 Planted 4.2 2.9 — 1.4 — 

 Natural 41.6 27.8 — — 13.7 

 Total 45.8 30.7 — 1.4 13.7 

 Loblolly–shortleaf pine

 Planted 795.0 7.6 0.6 309.5 477.3 

 Natural 364.1 25.6 17.9 52.8 267.7 

 Total 1,159.2 33.2 18.5 362.4 745.1 

 Total softwoods 1,204.9 63.9 18.5 363.7 758.8 

Hardwood types

 Oak–pine

 Planted 203.8 — — 89.7 114.1 

 Natural 510.3 27.6 — 66.0 416.8 

 Total 714.1 27.6 — 155.6 530.8 

 Oak–hickory 1,007.7 32.4 20.4 112.1 842.9 

 Oak–gum–cypress 454.3 7.1 20.5 58.2 368.5 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood 22.9 — — — 22.9 

 Total hardwoods 2,198.9 67.0 40.9 325.9 1,765.2 

Nonstocked — 0.4 — — 0.4 

All groups 130.9 3,404.3 59.4 689.6 2,524.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
22

Table 9—Area of timberland by forest-type group, detailed forest type, and ownership class,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Ownership class

Forest-type group All National Other Forest Nonindustrial

and detailed forest type classes forest public industry private

Thousand acres

Softwood types

 Longleaf–slash

 Longleaf pine 45.8 30.7 — 1.4 13.7 

 Total 45.8 30.7 — 1.4 13.7 

 Loblolly–shortleaf

 Loblolly pine 1,050.0 33.2 9.8 351.3 655.7 

 Shortleaf pine 16.3 — — — 16.3 

 Virginia pine 83.8 — 8.7 11.1 64.0 

 Eastern redcedar 9.0 — — — 9.0 

 Total 1,159.2 33.2 18.5 362.4 745.1 

 Total softwoods 1,204.9 63.9 18.5 363.7 758.8 

Hardwood types

 Oak–pine

 Eastern redcedar–hardwood 16.0 — — — 16.0 

 Longleaf pine–scrub oak 12.3 6.7 — — 5.5 

 Shortleaf pine–oak 85.3 2.8 — 23.8 58.8 

 Virginia pine–s. red oak 53.9 — — 1.5 52.5 

 Loblolly pine–hardwood 542.7 18.1 — 128.9 395.7 

 Other oak–pine 3.9 — — 1.4 2.4 

 Total 714.1 27.6 — 155.6 530.8 

 Oak–hickory

 Post oak–black oak 10.0 — — 5.5 4.4 

 Chestnut oak 16.5 — — — 16.5 

 White oak–red oak–hickory 110.7 4.0 — 7.4 99.4 

 White oak 4.3 — — — 4.3 

 Yellow-poplar–white oak–n. red oak 21.7 3.4 6.0 1.6 10.8 

 Sweetgum–yellow-poplar 166.6 2.3 — 21.9 142.4 

 Mixed hardwood 677.9 22.7 14.4 75.7 565.1 

 Total 1,007.7 32.4 20.4 112.1 842.9 

 Oak–gum–cypress

 Swamp chestnut oak–cherrybark oak 21.4 — — — 21.4 

 Sweetgum–water oak–willow oak 230.9 1.9 8.2 36.5 184.3 

 Sugarberry–elm–green ash 65.7 — 7.3 5.9 52.5 

 Overcup oak–water hickory 4.5 — — — 4.5 

 Cypress–water tupelo 51.5 2.7 — 2.4 46.4 

 Sweetbay–blackgum–red maple 80.2 2.5 5.0 13.4 59.3 

 Total 454.3 7.1 20.5 58.2 368.5 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood

 River birch–sycamore 15.6 — — — 15.6 

 Willow 7.2 — — — 7.2 

 Total 22.9 — — — 22.9 

 Total hardwoods 2,198.9 67.0 40.9 325.9 1,765.2 

Nonstocked — 0.4 — — 0.4 

All groups 130.9 3,404.3 59.4 689.6 2,524.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
23

Table 10—Area of timberland by ownership and stocking class of growing-stock trees,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

 All Stocking class (percent) 

Ownership class classes <16.7 16.7-59 60-99 100-130 >130

Thousand acres

National forest 130.9 0.1 6.9 50.1 45.9 27.8 

Other public 59.4 — 4.9 30.9 7.8 15.9 

Forest industry 689.6 6.1 74.0 142.2 273.2 194.1 

Nonindustrial private 2,524.3 66.2 286.6 831.4 793.5 546.6 

 All ownerships 3,404.3 72.4 372.4 1,054.6 1,120.4 784.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 11—Area of timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and stand-size class,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Stand-size class

Forest-type group All Saplingand stand origin classes Sawtimber Poletimber seedling Nonstocked

Thousand acres

Softwood types

 Longleaf–slash pine

 Planted 4.2 — — 4.2 — 

 Natural 41.6 19.8 7.7 14.1 — 

 Total 45.8 19.8 7.7 18.3 — 

 Loblolly–shortleaf pine

 Planted 795.0 109.9 324.2 360.9 — 

 Natural 364.1 154.1 54.4 155.7 — 

 Total 1,159.2 264.0 378.6 516.6 — 

 Total softwoods 1,204.9 283.8 386.3 534.9 — 

Hardwood types

 Oak–pine

 Planted 203.8 4.5 10.6 188.7 — 

 Natural 510.3 155.9 67.5 286.9 — 

 Total 714.1 160.4 78.1 475.6 — 

 Oak–hickory 1,007.7 299.0 121.4 587.4 — 

 Oak–gum–cypress 454.3 249.8 82.0 122.5 — 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood 22.9 7.8 — 15.0 — 

 Total hardwoods 2,198.9 717.0 281.5 1,200.4 — 

Nonstocked — 0.4 — — 0.4 

All groups 1,000.8 3,404.3 667.8 1,735.3 0.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
24

Table 12—Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest management type, all ownerships,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest management type

Stand-age All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland 

class types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Years Thousand acres

0-10 1,071.3 341.4 77.1 261.7 343.7 47.1 0.4 

11-20 514.9 309.8 31.2 62.8 67.9 43.1 — 

21-30 382.3 108.3 68.4 97.6 66.6 41.4 — 

31-40 276.3 29.9 42.5 57.8 90.3 55.9 — 

41-50 500.0 9.9 70.8 133.5 149.2 136.5 — 

51-60 279.0 — 42.8 50.0 122.6 63.6 — 

61-70 211.5 — 47.2 20.9 88.8 54.6 — 

71-80 102.8 — 14.5 25.6 41.5 21.1 — 

81+ 66.2 — 11.1 4.2 37.1 13.8 — 

 All classes 3,404.3 799.3 405.7 714.1 1,007.7 477.1 0.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 13—Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest management type, public ownerships,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest management type

Stand-age All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland 

class types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Years Thousand acres

0-10 19.7 — 2.8 — 11.2 5.7 — 

11-20 13.3 3.5 9.8 — — — — 

21-30 14.8 6.9 6.8 — — 1.1 — 

31-40 2.0 — — 2.0 — — — 

41-50 44.4 0.6 10.9 6.5 11.2 15.2 — 

51-60 28.7 — 16.9 6.8 4.4 0.6 — 

61-70 41.3 — 15.5 8.2 12.6 5.0 — 

71-80 19.3 — 3.1 4.1 12.1 — — 

81+ 6.9 — 5.6 — 1.3 — — 

 All classes 190.3 11.0 71.4 27.6 52.7 27.6 — 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
25

Table 14—Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest management type, forest industry

ownerships, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest management type

Stand-age All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland 

class types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Years Thousand acres

0-10 241.4 108.9 11.6 62.5 50.8 7.6 — 

11-20 161.1 132.1 — 23.9 1.7 3.4 — 

21-30 95.2 48.0 7.6 31.9 7.7 — — 

31-40 53.4 17.0 13.3 8.8 8.5 5.9 — 

41-50 62.5 5.1 17.4 15.1 10.7 14.1 — 

51-60 51.5 — — 13.3 19.4 18.9 — 

61-70 10.4 — 2.9 — 7.4 — — 

71-80 — — — — — — — 

81+ 14.2 — — — 5.9 8.3 — 

 All classes 689.6 310.9 52.8 155.6 112.1 58.2 — 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 15—Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest management type, nonindustrial private 

ownerships, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest management type

Stand-age All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland 

class types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Years Thousand acres

0-10 810.2 232.5 62.7 199.1 281.6 33.8 0.4 

11-20 340.5 174.2 21.5 38.8 66.2 39.8 — 

21-30 272.3 53.5 54.0 65.7 58.9 40.3 — 

31-40 220.9 12.9 29.3 46.9 81.8 50.0 — 

41-50 393.2 4.2 42.4 111.9 127.3 107.3 — 

51-60 198.8 — 25.9 30.0 98.8 44.1 — 

61-70 159.8 — 28.7 12.7 68.8 49.6 — 

71-80 83.5 — 11.4 21.5 29.5 21.1 — 

81+ 45.2 — 5.5 4.2 29.9 5.5 — 

 All classes 2,524.3 477.3 281.5 530.8 842.9 391.4 0.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
26

Table 16—Area of nonindustrial private timberland by ownership, forested tract-size class, and

forest management type, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Forest management type

Ownership and forested All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland

tract-size class types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Acres Thousand acres

Individual

 10 6.2 59.4 12.3 5.1 27.0 8.8 — 

11-50 621.4 104.9 67.3 125.7 222.8 100.3 0.4 

51-100 466.2 89.0 66.2 79.6 206.5 24.9 — 

101-200 507.6 78.0 64.8 106.9 159.6 98.3 — 

201-500 473.9 108.3 49.6 109.8 123.5 82.7 — 

501 17.9 88.8 4.5 7.3 24.5 34.7 — 

 Total 2,217.4 404.2 264.7 434.5 763.9 349.8 0.4 

Corporate

 10 — 0.9 — — 0.9 — — 

11-50 27.2 — — 22.6 4.5 — — 

51-100 27.7 5.9 — 8.3 7.6 5.9 — 

101-200 101.5 30.0 14.5 18.0 33.0 5.9 — 

201-500 87.0 26.8 2.3 18.7 16.7 22.6 — 

501 10.5 62.8 — 28.8 16.4 7.2 — 

 Total 306.9 73.2 16.8 96.3 79.1 41.6 — 

All nonindustrial private

 10 6.2 60.3 12.3 5.1 27.9 8.8 — 

11-50 648.6 104.9 67.3 148.4 227.3 100.3 0.4 

51-100 493.9 94.8 66.2 87.9 214.1 30.9 — 

101-200 609.0 108.0 79.3 124.9 192.6 104.2 — 

201-500 560.9 135.1 51.9 128.5 140.1 105.3 — 

501 28.3 151.6 4.5 36.0 40.8 41.9 — 

 Total 2,524.3 477.3 281.5 530.8 842.9 391.4 0.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
27

Table 17—Number of live trees on timberland by species and diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

 All 1.0- 3.0- 5.0- 7.0- 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 2.9 4.9 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Thousand trees

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 12,100 5,003 2,853 1,116 800 625 455 599 444 160 45 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 33,434 12,568 7,942 5,014 3,183 2,095 1,044 940 281 294 32 41 — 

 Loblolly pine 521,301 206,307 110,633 102,406 60,647 21,456 9,874 4,302 2,533 1,690 542 897 14 

 Virginia pine 95,484 70,223 13,403 5,802 2,482 1,921 1,084 401 168 — — — — 

 Baldcypress 2,062 512 512 109 107 143 217 106 145 36 34 141 — 

 Redcedars 19,946 12,693 4,053 1,416 812 587 173 102 36 37 37 — — 

 Total softwoods 684,327 307,306 139,396 115,863 68,031 26,827 12,847 6,450 3,607 2,217 690 1,079 14 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 68,668 38,818 12,512 6,695 4,045 2,615 1,495 911 801 410 190 141 35 

 Select red oaks 8,035 3,904 453 857 737 299 363 136 394 159 305 325 103 

 Other white oaks 41,492 23,855 5,616 3,879 2,609 2,024 1,346 1,053 582 254 120 154 — 

 Hickory 117,802 88,149 13,427 6,831 2,754 2,569 1,563 1,067 723 301 225 193 — 

 Hard maple 6,374 5,433 630 278 33 — — — — — — — — 

 Soft maple 213,100 169,485 26,439 8,598 4,322 1,882 1,203 591 296 215 33 36 — 

 Beech 19,320 12,545 4,540 857 377 431 156 88 33 104 119 70 — 

 Sweetgum 346,666 243,462 59,932 20,961 10,999 4,946 2,179 2,051 879 614 293 317 33 

 Tupelo and blackgum 116,123 81,368 13,728 6,359 4,783 3,147 3,268 1,576 1,141 476 104 139 34 

 Ash 19,500 12,569 3,596 1,255 778 563 283 215 139 34 — 68 — 

 Cottonwood 34 — — — — — — — 34 — — — — 

 Basswood 2,480 2,123 — 283 — 37 37 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 79,787 56,299 11,257 4,417 2,568 1,852 1,026 648 712 599 99 297 13 

 Bay and magnolia 20,027 12,676 1,300 2,763 1,488 982 536 185 61 36 — — — 

 Black cherry 47,855 33,950 10,997 2,049 546 280 33 — — — — — — 

 Black walnut 462 427 — — 35 — — — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 2,725 446 1,818 149 69 — 118 36 55 — — 34 — 

 Elm 39,759 32,650 4,218 1,301 624 390 216 221 104 — 35 — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 413,191 323,850 57,901 17,579 7,361 3,313 1,435 835 210 350 179 142 36 

 Total hardwoods 1,827,802 1,337,168 260,514 96,655 52,663 31,035 18,849 12,308 7,923 4,555 2,492 3,042 598 

All species 1,644,474 2,512,129 399,910 212,518 120,694 57,862 31,696 18,758 11,530 6,772 3,182 4,121 612 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell.
28

Table 18—Number of growing-stock trees on timberland by species and diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

 All 1.0- 3.0- 5.0- 7.0- 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 2.9 4.9 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Thousand trees

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 10,670 3,816 2,660 1,116 786 589 455 599 444 160 45 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 29,686 9,502 7,526 4,866 3,098 2,062 1,044 940 281 294 32 41 — 

 Loblolly pine 468,756 169,439 101,921 98,415 59,031 20,789 9,572 4,232 2,352 1,621 507 863 14 

 Virginia pine 82,123 59,059 12,516 5,160 2,117 1,753 982 368 168 — — — — 

 Baldcypress 1,371 — 512 72 70 106 183 72 145 36 34 141 — 

 Redcedars 8,254 4,217 1,755 1,128 569 410 106 33 36 — — — — 

 Total softwoods 600,860 246,033 126,890 110,757 65,671 25,709 12,342 6,244 3,426 2,111 618 1,045 14 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 38,057 14,092 8,353 5,764 3,669 2,477 1,393 878 801 369 120 141 — 

 Select red oaks 4,142 905 — 664 632 265 322 136 359 159 305 325 70 

 Other white oaks 24,554 10,530 4,135 3,129 2,149 1,683 991 948 582 204 120 83 — 

 Other red oaks 113,735 65,234 18,356 8,554 7,015 4,653 3,202 2,444 1,620 933 602 1,019 103 

 Hickory 57,735 34,742 8,578 5,819 2,549 2,395 1,352 928 688 301 225 158 — 

 Hard maple 505 416 — 89 — — — — — — — — — 

 Soft maple 54,019 34,294 10,764 4,326 2,074 1,232 609 247 261 179 33 — — 

 Beech 4,398 2,023 864 493 200 431 119 47 — 69 119 33 — 

 Sweetgum 193,633 115,569 41,056 17,138 9,583 4,577 1,923 1,855 812 513 257 317 33 

 Tupelo and blackgum 54,695 28,289 8,051 5,430 4,062 2,729 2,978 1,438 1,036 476 104 68 34 

 Ash 7,835 3,955 1,002 1,080 710 454 215 215 102 34 — 68 — 

 Cottonwood 34 — — — — — — — 34 — — — — 

 Basswood 249 — — 175 — 37 37 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 59,341 38,842 9,096 4,080 2,462 1,664 976 648 671 528 99 262 13 

 Bay and magnolia 13,428 8,827 416 1,769 967 824 416 112 61 36 — — — 

 Black cherry 17,087 8,520 6,903 1,060 362 209 33 — — — — — — 

 Black walnut 35 — — — 35 — — — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 1,351 — 926 149 69 — 82 36 55 — — 34 — 

 Elm 6,820 4,155 879 579 449 287 145 187 104 — 35 — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 90,970 58,374 18,342 6,631 3,386 1,914 938 581 210 314 138 106 36 

 Total hardwoods 742,623 428,767 137,721 66,929 40,373 25,831 15,731 10,700 7,396 4,115 2,157 2,614 289 

All species 674,800 1,343,483 264,611 177,686 106,044 51,540 28,073 16,944 10,822 6,226 2,775 3,659 303 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell.
29

Table 19—Volume of live trees on timberland by species and diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

 All 5.0- 7.0- 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million cubic feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 75.7 2.7 5.6 8.4 9.3 18.7 18.4 9.2 3.3 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 156.6 15.2 22.5 27.9 23.2 29.2 13.1 19.8 2.3 3.5 — 

 Loblolly pine 1,499.1 236.1 338.0 236.1 189.0 134.4 107.9 104.2 41.5 109.6 2.3 

 Virginia pine 100.5 16.2 17.2 25.7 22.2 11.9 7.2 — — — — 

 Baldcypress 31.7 0.3 0.8 1.9 4.6 2.9 5.1 1.7 2.0 12.5 — 

 Redcedars 21.0 2.9 4.1 4.7 2.4 2.0 0.9 1.7 2.3 — — 

 Total softwoods 1,884.7 273.5 388.1 304.7 250.6 199.2 152.6 136.6 51.4 125.6 2.3 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 213.8 17.8 25.9 33.0 29.2 26.2 30.5 20.3 12.3 17.4 1.3 

 Select red oaks 125.8 2.6 4.8 4.3 7.4 4.3 14.1 8.7 22.2 36.6 20.7 

 Other white oaks 148.0 10.0 15.0 23.2 22.6 26.7 20.3 10.6 8.3 11.3 — 

 Other red oaks 612.9 31.4 52.0 65.2 66.9 73.5 64.3 51.0 50.2 99.9 58.5 

 Hickory 198.3 15.8 16.5 30.6 28.3 28.6 28.3 15.3 15.9 19.1 — 

 Hard maple 0.9 0.7 0.2 — — — — — — — — 

 Soft maple 121.3 24.0 23.2 20.0 18.5 13.3 8.4 9.2 2.0 2.7 — 

 Beech 31.2 2.1 2.2 5.4 3.2 2.0 0.6 3.9 8.0 3.7 — 

 Sweetgum 435.4 50.0 71.0 64.7 44.0 63.8 37.4 36.4 21.3 35.6 11.3 

 Tupelo and blackgum 296.1 19.5 31.9 40.4 64.1 43.7 40.8 23.8 5.9 7.7 18.5 

 Ash 41.9 4.0 5.3 7.3 4.9 6.4 6.2 1.7 — 6.0 — 

 Cottonwood 1.5 — — — — — 1.5 — — — — 

 Basswood 1.5 0.7 — 0.3 0.5 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 193.3 12.6 17.5 23.1 21.1 21.2 28.2 30.6 7.1 29.7 2.3 

 Bay and magnolia 47.9 8.5 9.5 11.3 9.7 5.0 2.5 1.5 — — — 

 Black cherry 11.8 5.2 3.5 2.6 0.5 — — — — — — 

 Black walnut 0.2 — 0.2 — — — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 9.2 0.6 0.5 — 2.2 1.0 1.6 — — 3.4 — 

 Black locust 3.6 0.1 0.4 0.8 — 1.3 — 1.0 — — — 

 Elm 26.5 3.3 3.9 3.9 3.9 5.9 3.4 — 2.3 — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 187.7 37.3 36.5 31.8 20.8 16.2 6.4 14.0 9.2 9.9 5.5 

 Total hardwoods 2,708.9 246.1 319.9 367.9 347.9 338.9 294.5 228.1 164.8 283.0 118.0 

All species 519.6 4,593.6 708.0 672.6 598.6 538.1 447.1 364.7 216.1 408.7 120.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
30

Table 20—Volume of growing-stock trees on timberland by species and diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

 All 5.0- 7.0- 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million cubic feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 75.1 2.7 5.5 7.9 9.3 18.7 18.4 9.2 3.3 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 155.4 14.9 22.0 27.4 23.2 29.2 13.1 19.8 2.3 3.5 — 

 Loblolly pine 1,459.9 228.9 330.6 230.6 184.3 133.3 101.8 101.0 39.7 107.3 2.3 

 Virginia pine 92.4 14.7 14.9 23.8 20.5 11.3 7.2 — — — — 

 Baldcypress 30.3 0.3 0.7 1.6 4.2 2.3 5.1 1.7 2.0 12.5 — 

 Redcedars 12.1 2.4 3.0 3.5 1.6 0.6 0.9 — — — — 

 Total softwoods 1,825.2 263.9 376.8 294.7 243.1 195.5 146.5 131.7 47.4 123.3 2.3 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 198.9 15.9 23.9 31.4 27.8 25.7 30.5 18.2 8.1 17.4 — 

 Select red oaks 116.7 2.2 4.1 3.8 6.9 4.3 13.4 8.7 22.2 36.6 14.4 

 Other white oaks 128.4 8.2 12.8 20.0 17.8 24.7 20.3 9.4 8.3 6.8 — 

 Other red oaks 515.7 24.6 45.3 55.4 61.3 69.4 60.6 49.5 41.4 90.1 18.0 

 Hickory 184.5 14.0 15.6 29.0 25.3 26.0 27.0 15.3 15.9 16.3 — 

 Hard maple 0.3 0.3 — — — — — — — — — 

 Soft maple 73.2 13.2 12.0 14.2 9.9 6.3 7.3 8.3 2.0 — — 

 Beech 25.7 1.4 1.4 5.4 2.4 1.3 — 3.3 8.0 2.5 — 

 Sweetgum 401.3 43.0 64.5 60.8 40.1 59.3 35.9 31.4 19.5 35.6 11.3 

 Tupelo and blackgum 272.9 17.1 28.3 35.9 59.7 40.9 38.2 23.8 5.9 4.5 18.5 

 Ash 38.0 3.6 5.1 6.2 3.8 6.4 5.0 1.7 — 6.0 — 

 Cottonwood 1.5 — — — — — 1.5 — — — — 

 Basswood 1.3 0.4 — 0.3 0.5 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 184.3 11.8 16.8 21.3 20.5 21.2 26.6 28.0 7.1 28.8 2.3 

 Bay and magnolia 37.9 5.9 6.7 9.6 8.4 3.4 2.5 1.5 — — — 

 Black cherry 7.7 2.9 2.5 1.7 0.5 — — — — — — 

 Black walnut 0.2 — 0.2 — — — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 8.7 0.6 0.5 — 1.7 1.0 1.6 — — 3.4 — 

 Elm 21.7 1.7 2.9 3.1 2.8 5.5 3.4 — 2.3 — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 127.1 16.9 19.8 20.1 15.5 13.2 6.4 13.4 7.3 8.9 5.5 

 Total hardwoods 2,345.5 183.5 262.5 318.4 304.8 308.6 280.1 212.6 148.1 257.0 69.9 

All species 447.4 4,170.7 639.3 613.1 547.9 504.1 426.7 344.3 195.4 380.4 72.2 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
31

Table 21—Volume in the saw-log portion of sawtimber trees on timberland by species and diameter class,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

 All 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million cubic feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 63.0 6.6 8.5 17.8 17.9 9.0 3.3 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 109.0 22.0 21.1 27.8 12.8 19.5 2.3 3.5 — 

 Loblolly pine 815.5 178.1 165.2 126.2 98.8 99.4 39.3 106.3 2.3 

 Virginia pine 54.9 19.1 18.4 10.5 6.9 — — — — 

 Baldcypress 27.0 1.1 3.6 2.1 4.7 1.6 1.9 12.0 — 

 Redcedars 5.7 2.8 1.4 0.6 0.8 — — — — 

 Total softwoods 1,075.0 229.7 218.2 185.0 141.8 129.6 46.8 121.7 2.3 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 108.5 — 20.1 21.1 26.6 16.6 7.5 16.6 — 

 Select red oaks 97.5 — 4.9 3.5 11.5 7.7 20.4 35.2 14.2 

 Other white oaks 73.6 — 13.0 20.3 17.7 8.5 7.7 6.4 — 

 Other red oaks 337.8 — 44.2 57.3 52.6 44.7 38.0 84.0 17.2 

 Hickory 106.8 — 18.2 21.4 23.6 13.8 14.7 15.3 — 

 Soft maple 26.8 — 6.6 5.0 6.1 7.3 1.8 — — 

 Beech 15.2 — 1.8 1.1 — 2.9 7.1 2.3 — 

 Sweetgum 202.1 — 27.8 49.0 32.0 29.1 18.5 34.7 11.1 

 Tupelo and blackgum 156.2 — 41.6 32.9 32.8 21.2 5.4 4.2 17.9 

 Ash 19.5 — 2.6 5.2 4.4 1.6 — 5.6 — 

 Cottonwood 1.3 — — — 1.3 — — — — 

 Basswood 0.4 — 0.4 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 118.1 — 14.3 17.5 23.5 25.8 6.8 28.0 2.2 

 Bay and magnolia 12.3 — 6.0 2.8 2.2 1.3 — — — 

 Black cherry 0.4 — 0.4 — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 6.4 — 1.1 0.8 1.4 — — 3.2 — 

 Elm 11.3 — 2.0 4.5 2.8 — 2.0 — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 55.9 — 10.1 9.9 5.0 11.3 6.3 7.9 5.3 

 Total hardwoods 1,350.0 — 214.9 252.2 243.6 191.8 136.1 243.3 68.1 

All species 229.7 2,425.1 433.1 437.3 385.4 321.3 182.9 365.0 70.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
32

Table 22—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by species and diameter class, West-Central Alabama, 1999

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

All 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million board feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 360.7 32.2 44.4 100.3 106.4 56.4 20.9 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 585.5 102.0 105.9 149.9 73.3 117.9 14.3 22.2 — 

 Loblolly pine 4,534.8 824.6 829.5 691.1 576.1 610.5 253.1 733.1 16.7 

 Virginia pine 263.3 86.3 87.3 53.1 36.5 — — — — 

 Baldcypress 147.3 4.8 16.4 10.1 24.2 8.8 11.0 72.0 — 

 Redcedars 29.8 13.8 7.6 3.4 5.0 — — — — 

 Total softwoods 5,921.3 1,063.8 1,091.1 1,008.0 821.5 793.6 299.3 827.3 16.7 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 558.0 — 96.0 102.6 134.4 87.4 40.4 97.1 — 

 Select red oaks 583.1 — 23.5 17.6 60.2 42.1 117.2 224.2 98.3 

 Other white oaks 370.8 — 61.7 97.9 88.7 44.5 42.2 35.7 — 

 Other red oaks 1,883.3 — 227.2 295.5 280.9 245.8 220.1 505.2 108.6 

 Hickory 560.2 — 86.7 105.4 121.8 74.4 82.3 89.7 — 

 Soft maple 133.2 — 31.8 23.8 30.7 37.6 9.3 — — 

 Beech 69.8 — 8.9 5.0 — 13.1 32.4 10.5 — 

 Sweetgum 1,140.3 — 141.5 254.0 173.4 164.5 108.6 218.3 80.0 

 Tupelo and blackgum 765.7 — 172.0 147.7 157.8 108.8 30.0 23.7 125.6 

 Ash 98.4 — 12.1 24.9 22.2 8.2 — 31.1 — 

 Cottonwood 7.0 — — — 7.0 — — — — 

 Basswood 1.8 — 1.8 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 680.9 — 73.6 92.6 130.2 148.9 41.1 179.3 15.3 

 Bay and magnolia 58.4 — 28.4 13.1 10.4 6.5 — — — 

 Black cherry 1.8 — 1.8 — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 34.6 — 5.3 3.8 6.9 — — 18.6 — 

 Elm 56.5 — 9.6 21.8 14.1 — 11.0 — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 314.4 — 54.1 53.3 28.9 66.1 37.0 47.7 27.5 

 Total hardwoods 7,318.1 — 1,036.0 1,259.0 1,267.6 1,047.7 771.5 1,481.1 455.3 

All species 1,063.8 13,239.5 2,127.1 2,267.0 2,089.1 1,841.3 1,070.8 2,308.3 472.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
33

Table 23—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by species, size class, and tree grade, West-Central Alabama, 1999

All Tree grade All Tree grade

Species grades 1 2 3 4 5 grades 1 2 3 4 5

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 360.7 102.5 111.6 146.6 — — 183.7 61.7 44.7 77.3 — — 

 Shortleaf pine 585.5 237.6 207.7 140.2 — — 227.7 93.2 99.7 34.8 — — 

 Loblolly pine 4,534.8 1,249.5 1,099.2 2,152.3 — 33.7 2,189.5 829.4 662.8 672.9 — 24.4 

 Virginia pine 263.3 6.3 63.8 191.6 — 1.6 36.5 — 20.0 16.5 — — 

 Baldcypress 147.3 23.4 26.4 97.5 — — 116.0 23.4 21.2 71.4 — — 

 Redcedars 29.8 — 2.7 27.1 — — 5.0 — — 5.0 — — 

 Total softwoods 5,921.3 1,619.3 1,511.3 2,755.3 — 35.4 2,758.4 1,007.8 848.5 877.8 — 24.4 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 558.0 93.8 214.5 166.5 70.1 13.1 359.4 93.8 185.8 54.9 20.3 4.5 

 Select red oaks 583.1 273.4 200.2 81.1 28.4 — 542.0 273.4 190.6 59.6 18.4 — 

 Other white oaks 370.8 35.1 104.7 168.7 44.5 17.7 211.2 35.1 66.3 77.7 22.2 9.8 

 Other red oaks 1,883.3 198.9 479.0 641.6 416.3 147.5 1,360.5 198.9 403.7 433.5 217.6 106.8 

 Hickory 560.2 84.6 204.6 200.3 64.0 6.8 368.1 84.6 166.8 88.3 28.4 — 

 Soft maple 133.2 25.2 13.4 40.3 40.0 14.2 77.6 25.2 6.2 15.7 22.0 8.6 

 Beech 69.8 — 33.2 10.6 23.4 2.6 55.9 — 33.2 6.2 16.5 — 

 Sweetgum 1,140.3 201.9 336.1 324.9 181.3 96.1 744.8 201.9 218.5 134.5 108.2 81.7 

 Tupelo and blackgum 765.7 137.2 297.9 286.7 10.4 33.5 445.9 137.2 216.7 61.8 2.8 27.4 

 Ash 98.4 22.8 39.0 30.6 6.1 — 61.5 22.8 21.4 17.3 — — 

 Cottonwood 7.0 7.0 — — — — 7.0 7.0 — — — — 

 Basswood 1.8 — — — — 1.8 — — — — — — 

 Yellow-poplar 680.9 53.2 98.8 243.1 208.3 77.5 514.7 53.2 81.2 147.3 167.6 65.5 

 Bay and magnolia 58.4 — 11.6 33.5 6.7 6.5 16.9 — — 3.6 6.7 6.5 

 Black cherry 1.8 — — — 1.8 — — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 34.6 18.6 3.8 7.4 4.8 — 25.5 18.6 — 2.1 4.8 — 

 Elm 56.5 — 19.6 22.2 14.7 — 25.1 — 10.4 — 14.7 — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 314.4 24.5 39.4 127.0 106.8 16.7 207.1 24.5 35.3 73.2 67.3 6.9 

 Total hardwoods 7,318.1 1,176.2 2,095.8 2,384.4 1,227.9 433.9 5,023.2 1,176.2 1,636.1 1,175.6 717.6 317.7 

All species 2,795.5 13,239.5 3,607.1 5,139.7 1,227.9 469.3 7,781.6 2,183.9 2,484.6 2,053.4 717.6 342.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Million board feet

All size classes Trees 15.0 inches d.b.h.
34

Table 24—Volume of growing stock on timberland by county and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1999

 Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Bibb 554.6 302.6 300.3 2.3 251.9 99.8 152.1 

Fayette 355.9 141.8 141.7 0.1 214.1 137.8 76.2 

Greene 465.7 139.6 129.9 9.7 326.1 167.3 158.9 

Hale 318.0 123.9 120.9 3.0 194.2 77.1 117.1 

Lamar 356.1 124.7 107.4 17.3 231.4 146.8 84.6 

Marion 339.3 171.1 170.8 0.3 168.2 35.4 132.8 

Perry 382.1 210.3 208.9 1.4 171.8 99.1 72.7 

Pickens 596.7 290.3 284.5 5.8 306.4 132.5 174.0 

Tuscaloosa 802.2 320.9 318.2 2.6 481.3 232.3 249.0 

 Total 4,170.7 1,825.2 1,782.8 42.5 2,345.5 1,128.2 1,217.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 25—Volume of live trees on timberland by county and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1999

 Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Bibb 587.4 307.8 305.4 2.4 279.6 108.4 171.3 

Fayette 383.1 143.5 143.1 0.4 239.6 150.5 89.1 

Greene 527.3 151.7 140.3 11.4 375.6 191.0 184.6 

Hale 348.8 126.3 123.3 3.0 222.6 90.9 131.7 

Lamar 396.0 128.9 110.9 18.0 267.1 173.5 93.6 

Marion 382.5 179.4 179.1 0.3 203.1 49.5 153.6 

Perry 437.0 220.9 214.7 6.2 216.1 113.0 103.1 

Pickens 649.0 295.3 288.3 7.0 353.7 146.9 206.8 

Tuscaloosa 882.4 331.0 326.9 4.1 551.5 255.8 295.6 

 Total 4,593.6 1,884.7 1,832.0 52.7 2,708.9 1,279.5 1,429.5 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
35

Table 26—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by county and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1999

 Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million board feet

Bibb 1,830.1 1,021.8 1,013.1 8.6 808.3 294.0 514.3 

Fayette 980.8 405.4 405.4 — 575.4 377.4 198.1 

Greene 1,821.6 548.9 504.8 44.1 1,272.8 606.3 666.5 

Hale 987.6 411.1 399.2 12.0 576.4 184.7 391.7 

Lamar 975.8 372.4 295.9 76.4 603.4 367.8 235.6 

Marion 676.5 268.4 267.3 1.0 408.2 70.5 337.7 

Perry 1,059.0 523.5 520.6 3.0 535.4 269.0 266.4 

Pickens 2,242.9 1,210.0 1,184.1 25.9 1,032.9 367.8 665.1 

Tuscaloosa 2,665.2 1,160.0 1,153.8 6.1 1,505.2 722.3 782.9 

 Total 13,239.5 5,921.3 5,744.2 177.1 7,318.1 3,259.8 4,058.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 27—Volume of timber on timberland by class of timber and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1999

 Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Class of timber species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Sawtimber trees

 Saw-log portion 2,425.1 1,075.0 1,042.4 32.7 1,350.0 604.8 745.2

 Upper-stem portiona 340.6 109.4 106.1 3.4 231.1 112.2 118.9

 Total 2,765.6 1,184.5 1,148.5 36.0 1,581.1 717.0 864.1

Poletimber trees 1,405.1 640.7 634.3 6.4 764.4 411.1 353.3

 All growing-stock trees 4,170.7 1,825.2 1,782.8 42.5 2,345.5 1,128.2 1,217.4

Rough trees

 Sawtimber size 222.9 38.6 30.0 8.6 184.3 65.2 119.1

 Poletimber size 188.5 20.9 19.2 1.7 167.6 81.8 85.8

 Total 411.4 59.5 49.2 10.3 351.9 146.9 205.0

Rotten trees

 Sawtimber size 9.7 — — — 9.7 3.2 6.5

 Poletimber size 1.8 — — — 1.8 1.2 0.6

 Total 11.5 — — — 11.5 4.4 7.1

Salvable dead trees

 Sawtimber size 26.3 11.3 11.3 0.0 15.0 2.1 12.9

 Poletimber size 5.9 3.1 2.1 1.0 2.9 0.9 2.0

 Total 32.3 14.4 13.4 1.0 17.9 2.9 14.9

All classes 4,625.9 1,899.1 1,845.4 53.7 2,726.8 1,282.4 1,444.4

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a

 Includes cull sections in the saw-log portion.
36

Table 28—Volume of live and growing-stock trees on timberland by ownership class and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

 Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Live trees (million cubic feet)

National forest 276.6 152.9 152.7 0.3 123.7 63.4 60.3 

Other public 110.6 36.8 36.0 0.9 73.7 26.0 47.7 

Forest industry 802.2 508.0 502.8 5.2 294.1 155.6 138.5 

Nonindustrial private 3,404.3 1,186.9 1,140.6 46.3 2,217.4 1,034.4 1,183.0 

 All classes 4,593.6 1,884.7 1,832.0 52.7 2,708.9 1,279.5 1,429.5 

Growing-stock trees (million cubic feet)

National forest 266.2 152.4 152.2 0.3 113.7 59.6 54.1 

Other public 101.6 35.8 35.7 0.1 65.8 24.4 41.4 

Forest industry 758.0 501.9 497.4 4.6 256.1 138.9 117.2 

Nonindustrial private 3,045.0 1,135.0 1,097.5 37.5 1,909.9 905.2 1,004.7 

 All classes 4,170.7 1,825.2 1,782.8 42.5 2,345.5 1,128.2 1,217.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 29—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by ownership class, species group, and size class,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

All size classes (million board feet)

National forest 1,057.8 716.6 715.9 0.6 341.3 171.7 169.5 

Other public 364.2 153.5 153.5 — 210.7 77.5 133.2 

Forest industry 1,941.0 1,150.3 1,125.8 24.5 790.7 451.5 339.1 

Nonindustrial private 9,876.5 3,900.9 3,748.9 152.0 5,975.5 2,559.1 3,416.4 

 All classes 13,239.5 5,921.3 5,744.2 177.1 7,318.1 3,259.8 4,058.3 

Trees  15.0 inches d.b.h. (million board feet)

National forest 594.7 387.1 387.1 — 207.6 93.4 114.2 

Other public 223.8 96.8 96.8 — 127.0 47.9 79.1 

Forest industry 799.6 259.9 236.4 23.4 539.7 343.0 196.7 

Nonindustrial private 6,163.5 2,014.6 1,917.1 97.5 4,148.9 1,637.8 2,511.1 

 All classes 7,781.6 2,758.4 2,637.5 121.0 5,023.2 2,122.1 2,901.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
37

Table 30—Volume of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

Forest-type group All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

and stand origin species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Softwood types

 Longleaf–slash pine

 Planted 1.1 1.1 1.1 — — — — 

 Natural 65.4 58.1 57.8 0.3 7.3 1.4 5.9 

 Total 66.5 59.3 59.0 0.3 7.3 1.4 5.9 

 Loblolly–shortleaf pine

 Planted 737.2 689.8 689.0 0.8 47.3 25.9 21.4 

 Natural 581.4 454.0 451.8 2.2 127.4 52.7 74.7 

 Total 1,318.6 1,143.9 1,140.8 3.1 174.7 78.6 96.1 

 Total softwoods 1,385.1 1,203.1 1,199.7 3.4 182.0 80.0 102.0 

Hardwood types

 Oak–pine

 Planted 109.4 93.0 93.0 — 16.4 12.0 4.4 

 Natural 646.7 345.0 341.9 3.1 301.7 127.3 174.4 

 Total 756.1 438.0 434.8 3.1 318.1 139.3 178.8 

 Oak–hickory 1,042.6 120.9 115.4 5.5 921.7 314.7 607.0 

 Oak–gum–cypress 953.7 63.3 32.7 30.5 890.4 560.8 329.6 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood 33.3 — — — 33.3 33.3 — 

 Total hardwoods 2,785.7 622.1 583.0 39.1 2,163.6 1,048.2 1,115.4 

Nonstocked — — — — — — — 

All groups 1,825.2 4,170.7 1,782.8 42.5 2,345.5 1,128.2 1,217.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
38

Table 32—Average net annual growth of growing stock on timberland by county and 

species group, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Bibb 24.7 17.3 17.3 0.0 7.4 2.6 4.8 

Fayette 26.9 16.3 16.3 — 10.5 6.3 4.3 

Greene 20.2 11.3 11.0 0.3 8.9 4.3 4.6 

Hale 15.1 8.3 8.3 0.0 6.8 2.9 3.9 

Lamar 22.2 11.0 10.8 0.3 11.1 5.5 5.6 

Marion 29.8 20.3 20.2 0.1 9.5 2.8 6.7 

Perry 27.1 19.4 19.4 -0.1 7.7 3.6 4.2 

Pickens 37.1 23.6 23.5 0.1 13.5 6.9 6.7 

Tuscaloosa 33.1 20.1 20.1 0.0 12.9 5.8 7.1 

 Total 236.0 147.6 146.8 0.7 88.4 40.6 47.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 31—Average basal area of live trees per acre on timberland by ownership class, 

species group, and d.b.h., West-Central Alabama, 1999

Ownership class All tree D.b.h. (inches)

and species group sizes 1.0-4.9 5.0-10.9 11.0-14.9 15.0

Square feet/acre

National forest

 Softwood 48.8 5.3 16.3 12.2 15.0 

 Hardwood 51.2 10.6 20.3 10.2 10.1 

 Total 100.1 15.9 36.6 22.4 25.1 

Other public

 Softwood 41.3 7.6 12.4 4.0 17.3 

 Hardwood 61.2 7.2 23.0 12.7 18.4 

 Total 102.5 14.7 35.4 16.7 35.7 

Forest industry

 Softwood 43.2 5.5 29.5 6.1 2.2 

 Hardwood 34.0 13.8 9.3 4.3 6.6 

 Total 77.3 19.4 38.8 10.4 8.7 

Nonindustrial private

 Softwood 27.9 4.8 13.5 4.1 5.5 

 Hardwood 52.1 13.4 17.5 8.7 12.6 

 Total 80.1 18.3 31.0 12.8 18.1 

All classes

 Softwood 32.7 5.0 16.5 5.2 6.0 

 Hardwood 49.0 13.1 16.4 8.1 11.4 

 Total 81.8 18.2 32.9 13.3 17.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
39

Table 33—Average net annual growth of live trees on timberland by county and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Bibb 25.7 17.3 17.3 0.0 8.4 3.4 5.0 

Fayette 28.6 16.8 16.8 — 11.8 7.2 4.6 

Greene 21.8 12.0 11.7 0.3 9.8 4.6 5.2 

Hale 16.3 8.8 8.8 0.0 7.5 3.1 4.4 

Lamar 23.3 11.2 11.0 0.2 12.1 5.9 6.1 

Marion 32.2 20.6 20.5 0.1 11.6 4.1 7.5 

Perry 29.7 19.9 19.9 0.0 9.8 4.4 5.4 

Pickens 38.6 23.7 23.6 0.1 15.0 7.8 7.2 

Tuscaloosa 35.5 20.7 20.7 0.0 14.9 6.5 8.4 

 Total 251.7 151.0 150.3 0.8 100.7 46.9 53.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 34—Average net annual growth of sawtimber on timberland by county and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million board feet

Bibb 85.5 57.7 57.6 0.1 27.8 9.5 18.2 

Fayette 79.6 47.3 47.3 — 32.3 19.4 12.8 

Greene 75.4 36.5 34.3 2.2 39.0 16.6 22.4 

Hale 62.5 32.7 32.2 0.5 29.8 10.5 19.3 

Lamar 79.3 33.4 31.7 1.7 45.9 21.6 24.2 

Marion 59.2 37.1 36.6 0.5 22.0 7.5 14.5 

Perry 76.0 48.4 48.3 0.1 27.6 10.4 17.3 

Pickens 168.4 115.5 115.4 0.1 52.9 25.2 27.7 

Tuscaloosa 140.9 86.4 86.4 — 54.5 22.4 32.1 

 Total 826.8 495.1 489.9 5.2 331.6 143.1 188.5 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
40

Table 35—Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by county and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

 Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Bibb 8.2 6.9 6.9 — 1.3 0.1 1.2 

Fayette 23.7 13.9 13.9 — 9.7 3.2 6.5 

Greene 16.8 10.1 10.1 — 6.7 3.0 3.7 

Hale 15.7 9.7 9.7 — 5.9 1.7 4.2 

Lamar 25.2 12.3 12.3 — 12.9 4.2 8.7 

Marion 23.8 12.0 12.0 — 11.8 3.5 8.3 

Perry 24.4 17.5 17.5 — 6.9 4.1 2.8 

Pickens 50.7 36.0 35.9 0.1 14.7 7.2 7.5 

Tuscaloosa 46.3 34.3 34.2 0.1 12.0 4.6 7.5 

 Total 234.9 152.8 152.6 0.2 82.0 31.6 50.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 36—Average annual removals of live trees on timberland by county and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Bibb 8.6 6.9 6.9 — 1.6 0.2 1.4 

Fayette 25.0 14.3 14.3 — 10.7 3.8 6.9 

Greene 18.5 10.7 10.7 — 7.8 3.2 4.6 

Hale 17.6 10.3 10.3 — 7.3 2.0 5.3 

Lamar 27.3 12.6 12.6 — 14.7 4.8 9.9 

Marion 24.8 12.1 12.1 — 12.7 3.7 9.1 

Perry 25.6 18.0 18.0 — 7.5 4.5 3.0 

Pickens 53.4 36.8 36.6 0.1 16.6 7.8 8.8 

Tuscaloosa 47.4 34.4 34.3 0.1 13.1 4.9 8.2 

 Total 248.1 156.1 155.8 0.2 92.0 34.9 57.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
41

Table 37—Average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland by county and species group,

West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

County species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million board feet

Bibb 25.2 23.7 23.7 — 1.5 — 1.5 

Fayette 64.9 39.0 39.0 — 26.0 9.7 16.3 

Greene 54.4 38.7 38.7 — 15.7 7.0 8.8 

Hale 57.3 37.1 37.1 — 20.2 4.4 15.7 

Lamar 76.4 48.4 48.4 — 27.9 4.2 23.7 

Marion 62.4 39.7 39.7 — 22.7 7.4 15.3 

Perry 73.5 55.7 55.7 — 17.8 8.6 9.2 

Pickens 182.8 147.8 147.8 — 35.0 17.8 17.2 

Tuscaloosa 163.4 127.4 127.4 — 36.0 15.6 20.4 

 Total 760.2 557.5 557.5 — 202.8 74.6 128.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
42

Table 38—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of live trees, growing stock, and

sawtimber on timberland by species, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Live trees Growing stock Sawtimber

 Net Net Net

 annual Annual annual Annual annual Annual

Species growth removals growth removals growth removals

Million cubic feet Million board feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 4.9 2.9 4.9 2.9 28.4 12.9 

 Slash pine 0.3 1.0 0.3 1.0 1.1 2.2 

 Shortleaf pine 5.9 20.0 6.3 19.7 37.1 68.5 

 Loblolly pine 132.5 120.1 129.6 117.1 406.3 451.4 

 Virginia pine 6.5 11.6 5.7 11.6 17.0 21.5 

 Spruce pine 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 

 Eastern hemlock 0.1 — 0.1 — 0.5 — 

 Baldcypress 0.3 — 0.4 — 2.5 — 

 Redcedars 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 2.2 — 

 Total softwoods 151.0 156.1 147.6 152.8 495.1 557.5 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 9.3 8.6 8.6 8.5 27.8 17.3 

 Select red oaks 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.6 19.8 13.9 

 Other white oaks 6.9 7.0 6.2 6.3 21.2 14.2 

 Other red oaks 25.3 26.1 23.4 24.8 101.5 67.6 

 Hickory 4.8 7.0 4.3 6.4 15.5 14.1 

 Hard maple 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 — — 

 Soft maple 4.8 2.7 3.0 2.2 6.5 4.2 

 Beech 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 1.6 1.1 

 Sweetgum 20.3 17.0 18.2 15.8 52.0 29.1 

 Tupelo and blackgum 6.7 3.1 5.9 2.4 22.1 2.8 

 Ash 1.1 0.3 1.2 0.3 4.3 1.5 

 Yellow-poplar 9.8 8.1 9.5 7.9 50.4 30.1 

 Bay and magnolia 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 

 Black cherry 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.2 1.3 — 

 Sycamore 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.8 1.0 

 Black locust 0.3 — — — — — 

 Elm 0.7 0.8 -0.1 0.4 -1.4 1.0 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 4.4 5.4 2.7 2.0 7.1 3.9 

 Total hardwoods 100.7 92.0 88.4 82.0 331.6 202.8 

All species 248.1 251.7 236.0 234.9 826.8 760.2 

Numbers in columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
43

Table 39—Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by species and diameter class,

West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

 All 5.0- 7.0- 9.0- 11.0- 13.0- 15.0- 17.0- 19.0- 21.0- 29.0 and

Species classes 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million cubic feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 2.9 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 — — 

 Slash pine 1.0 — 0.5 0.3 — 0.2 — — — — — 

 Shortleaf pine 19.7 1.7 3.4 4.7 4.3 1.9 2.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 — 

 Loblolly pine 117.1 12.3 14.5 22.3 19.2 17.7 13.2 7.5 3.8 6.1 0.4 

 Virginia pine 11.6 1.9 4.6 2.2 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.2 — — — 

 Spruce pine 0.2 — — — — — 0.2 — — — — 

 Redcedars 0.2 — 0.2 — — — — — — — — 

 Total softwoods 152.8 16.1 23.5 30.6 24.9 21.4 17.1 8.2 4.3 6.3 0.4 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 8.5 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.2 1.4 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.5 — 

 Select red oaks 3.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.4 — 

 Other white oaks 6.3 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 — 

 Other red oaks 24.8 1.6 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.3 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.6 0.4 

 Hickory 6.4 0.1 1.1 1.9 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.2 — 0.2 — 

 Hard maple 0.1 — 0.1 — — — — — — — — 

 Soft maple 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 — 0.3 0.4 0.3 — — — 

 Beech 0.4 0.2 — — — — — — 0.1 0.1 — 

 Sweetgum 15.8 3.5 2.4 3.0 2.9 2.2 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.2 — 

 Tupelo and blackgum 2.4 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.1 — — — — 

 Ash 0.3 — — — — — — 0.2 0.2 — — 

 Yellow-poplar 7.9 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.8 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.5 1.1 — 

 Bay and magnolia 0.5 — 0.1 0.1 — — 0.1 0.1 — — — 

 Black cherry 0.2 0.1 0.2 — — — — — — — — 

 Sycamore 0.3 — — — — 0.1 0.1 — — — — 

 Elm 0.4 0.1 — — — 0.1 — 0.1 — — — 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 2.0 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.3 — — 0.4 — 0.2 — 

 Total hardwoods 82.0 9.3 12.2 14.5 12.2 13.2 7.2 5.6 3.0 4.5 0.4 

All species 25.4 234.9 35.7 45.1 37.2 34.6 24.3 13.8 7.3 10.8 0.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
44

Table 40—Average annual mortality of live trees, growing stock, and sawtimber on timberland

by species, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Species Live trees Growing stock Sawtimber

 Million cubic feet Million board feet

Softwood

 Longleaf pine 0.3 0.3 1.4 

 Shortleaf pine 5.2 4.5 14.7 

 Loblolly pine 17.0 16.2 47.4 

 Virginia pine 2.0 2.0 6.4 

 Baldcypress 0.1 — — 

 Redcedars 0.2 0.2 — 

 Total softwoods 24.8 23.2 69.9 

Hardwood

 Select white oaks 1.0 0.8 3.1 

 Select red oaks 1.1 1.0 4.3 

 Other white oaks 1.4 1.0 3.3 

 Other red oaks 8.1 6.2 21.3 

 Hickory 2.2 1.8 5.6 

 Soft maple 1.7 0.9 3.4 

 Beech 0.3 — — 

 Sweetgum 4.1 3.5 12.2 

 Tupelo and blackgum 2.3 1.9 4.6 

 Ash 0.8 0.5 1.6 

 Yellow-poplar 1.0 1.0 3.2 

 Bay and magnolia 0.8 0.5 1.5 

 Black cherry 0.1 0.1 — 

 Elm 1.3 1.2 4.8 

 Other Eastern

 hardwoods 4.8 3.0 7.9 

 Total hardwoods 31.0 23.4 76.6 

All species 46.6 55.8 146.6 

Numbers in columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
45

Table 41—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by

ownership class and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Average net annual growth (million cubic feet)

National forest 16.6 10.3 10.3 0.0 6.3 3.0 3.3 

Other public 4.2 1.9 1.9 — 2.4 0.7 1.7 

Forest industry 64.9 53.3 53.2 0.1 11.6 6.7 4.8 

Nonindustrial private 150.3 82.1 81.5 0.6 68.1 30.1 38.0 

 All classes 236.0 147.6 146.8 0.7 88.4 40.6 47.8 

Average annual removals (million cubic feet)

National forest 6.2 6.2 6.2 — — — — 

Other public 4.3 2.2 2.2 — 2.1 0.4 1.7 

Forest industry 58.1 47.3 47.2 0.1 10.8 3.9 6.8 

Nonindustrial private 166.3 97.1 97.0 0.1 69.1 27.3 41.9 

 All classes 234.9 152.8 152.6 0.2 82.0 31.6 50.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

Table 42—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of live trees on timberland by

ownership class and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Average net annual growth (million cubic feet)

National forest 16.6 10.2 10.2 0.0 6.4 3.0 3.3 

Other public 4.5 2.1 2.1 0.0 2.4 0.7 1.6 

Forest industry 66.9 54.1 54.0 0.1 12.8 7.2 5.5 

Nonindustrial private 163.8 84.6 84.0 0.6 79.2 36.0 43.3 

 All classes 251.7 151.0 150.3 0.8 100.7 46.9 53.8 

Average annual removals (million cubic feet)

National forest 6.3 6.2 6.2 — 0.1 0.1 0.0 

Other public 4.4 2.2 2.2 — 2.2 0.4 1.8 

Forest industry 60.5 48.4 48.3 0.1 12.1 4.3 7.8 

Nonindustrial private 176.9 99.3 99.1 0.1 77.6 30.2 47.4 

 All classes 248.1 156.1 155.8 0.2 92.0 34.9 57.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
46

Table 43—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland by

ownership class and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Average net annual growth (million board feet)

National forest 77.8 54.4 53.9 0.5 23.4 13.0 10.4 

Other public 20.8 11.5 11.5 — 9.3 3.8 5.4 

Forest industry 191.5 147.1 146.4 0.7 44.4 25.8 18.5 

Nonindustrial private 536.6 282.0 278.1 4.0 254.6 100.4 154.2 

 All classes 826.8 495.1 489.9 5.2 331.6 143.1 188.5 

Average annual removals (million board feet)

National forest 27.8 27.8 27.8 — — — — 

Other public 19.7 12.9 12.9 — 6.7 1.2 5.6 

Forest industry 179.5 154.8 154.8 — 24.6 9.2 15.5 

Nonindustrial private 533.3 361.9 361.9 — 171.4 64.3 107.1 

 All classes 760.2 557.5 557.5 — 202.8 74.6 128.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.
47

Table 44—Average net annual growth of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin,

and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

Forest-type group All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

and stand origina species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Softwood types

 Longleaf–slash pine

 Planted 0.3 0.3 0.3 — — — — 

 Natural 6.1 5.0 5.0 — 1.1 0.3 0.8 

 Total 6.4 5.3 5.3 — 1.1 0.3 0.8 

 Loblolly–shortleaf pine

 Planted 74.0 71.6 71.6 — 2.4 1.3 1.1 

 Natural 47.2 35.9 35.8 0.1 11.3 5.5 5.7 

 Total 121.1 107.5 107.4 0.1 13.7 6.9 6.8 

 Total softwoods 127.5 112.8 112.7 0.1 14.8 7.2 7.6 

Hardwood types

 Oak–pine

 Planted 7.1 5.5 5.5 — 1.6 0.8 0.8 

 Natural 33.3 18.4 18.5 -0.1 14.9 5.4 9.5 

 Total 40.5 24.0 24.0 -0.1 16.5 6.3 10.2 

 Oak–hickory 41.9 9.6 9.2 0.3 32.4 12.4 19.9 

 Oak–gum–cypress 25.8 1.3 0.9 0.4 24.5 14.3 10.2 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood 0.3 — — — 0.3 0.4 -0.1

 Total hardwoods 108.5 34.8 34.1 0.7 73.6 33.4 40.3 

Nonstocked — — — — — — — 

All groups 147.6 236.0 146.8 0.7 88.4 40.6 47.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a

 Classifications at the beginning of the remeasurement period.
48

Table 45—Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin,

and species group, West-Central Alabama, 1990–1998

Softwoods Hardwoods

Forest-type group All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

and stand origina species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Softwood types

 Longleaf–slash pine

 Planted — — — — — — — 

 Natural 2.3 2.3 2.3 — — — — 

 Total 2.3 2.3 2.3 — — — — 

 Loblolly–shortleaf pine

 Planted 47.1 44.4 44.4 — 2.7 1.8 0.9 

 Natural 67.7 56.5 56.4 0.1 11.2 5.6 5.6 

 Total 114.8 100.9 100.7 0.1 13.9 7.4 6.5 

 Total softwoods 117.1 103.2 103.0 0.1 13.9 7.4 6.5 

Hardwood types

 Oak–pine

 Planted 3.3 2.4 2.4 — 0.9 0.4 0.5 

 Natural 55.5 32.9 32.9 — 22.6 8.3 14.3 

 Total 58.8 35.3 35.3 — 23.5 8.6 14.8 

 Oak–hickory 47.5 12.1 12.1 — 35.4 11.0 24.4 

 Oak–gum–cypress 10.4 2.3 2.2 0.1 8.1 3.5 4.7 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood 1.1 — — — 1.1 1.1 — 

 Total hardwoods 117.8 49.7 49.6 0.1 68.1 24.2 43.9 

Nonstocked — — — — — — — 

All groups 152.8 234.9 152.6 0.2 82.0 31.6 50.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a

 Classifications at the beginning of the remeasurement period.
49

Table 46—Fresh weight of live trees on timberland by ownership class, species group, and tree component,

West-Central Alabama, 1999

 Component

Growing-stock trees Cull trees

 Stumps, Stumps,

Ownership class All All live tops, and tops, and

and species group components saplings Total Boles limbs Total Boles limbs

Thousand tons

National forest

 Softwood 6,972.0 323.5 6,627.2 5,769.1 858.2 21.3 17.4 3.9 

 Hardwood 6,877.2 846.6 5,527.6 4,475.1 1,052.5 503.1 376.1 127.0 

 Total 13,849.2 1,170.1 12,154.8 10,244.1 1,910.7 524.4 393.5 130.9 

Other public

 Softwood 1,686.0 118.2 1,520.6 1,316.0 204.6 47.3 37.8 9.5 

 Hardwood 4,024.1 285.6 3,324.4 2,688.3 636.1 414.2 322.5 91.7 

 Total 5,710.1 403.7 4,845.0 4,004.3 840.7 461.5 360.3 101.2 

Forest industry

 Softwood 24,357.5 1,556.3 22,521.0 18,517.2 4,003.8 280.3 224.4 55.9 

 Hardwood 19,049.1 4,590.8 12,531.0 10,215.3 2,315.8 1,927.3 1,458.8 468.5 

 Total 43,406.6 6,147.1 35,052.0 28,732.5 6,319.6 2,207.6 1,683.2 524.4 

Nonindustrial private

 Softwood 56,776.2 4,733.0 49,701.7 41,789.6 7,912.1 2,341.5 1,946.0 395.6 

 Hardwood 128,174.6 17,538.6 94,873.5 76,683.4 18,190.1 15,762.6 12,181.8 3,580.8 

 Total 184,950.8 22,271.5 144,575.2 118,473.0 26,102.2 18,104.1 14,127.8 3,976.3 

All ownerships

 Softwood 89,791.6 6,730.8 80,370.5 67,391.9 12,978.7 2,690.3 2,225.5 464.9 

 Hardwood 158,125.0 23,261.5 116,256.4 94,062.0 22,194.4 18,607.1 14,339.2 4,268.0 

 Total 247,916.6 29,992.3 196,626.9 161,453.9 35,173.1 21,297.4 16,564.6 4,732.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
50

Table 47—Area of timberland treated or disturbed annually and retained in timberland by

treatment or disturbance and ownership class, West-Central Alabama, 1990 to 1999

Ownership class

Treatment or All Forest Nonindustrial

disturbance classes Public industry private

Thousand acres

Final harvest 76.5 1.5 15.7 59.2 

Partial harvesta 1.5 38.3 6.3 30.5 

Seed tree/shelterwood 3.3 — 0.6 2.7 

Commercial thinning 16.1 1.3 7.2 7.6 

Other stand improvement 8.0 0.4 5.7 1.9 

Site preparation 36.2 — 9.5 26.7 

Artificial regenerationb — 41.6 10.9 30.7 

Natural regenerationb 1.1 58.5 7.7 49.7 

Other treatment 11.9 0.7 2.1 9.1 

Natural disturbance

 Disease 8.6 0.4 2.0 6.2 

 Insects 1.8 0.1 — 1.7 

 Fire — — — — 

 Weather 5.2 0.2 1.0 4.0 

 Animals 8.8 1.0 0.9 6.8 

Other disturbances

 Grazing — — — — 

 Other man-caused disturbance 2.8 — 0.6 2.3 

Since some acres experience more than one treatment or disturbance, there are no column totals. Numbers in

rows may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a

 Includes high-grading and some selective cutting.

b

 Includes establishment of trees for timber production on forest and nonforest land.
51

Table 48—Area of timberland treated or disturbed annually and retained in timberland by treatment or

disturbance and forest management type, West-Central Alabama, 1990 to 1999

Forest management typea

Treatment or All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland

disturbance types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Thousand acres

Final harvest 76.5 9.9 16.8 26.5 21.6 1.6 — 

Partial harvestb 3.3 38.3 10.2 7.2 11.4 6.2 — 

Seed tree/shelterwood 3.3 0.6 1.5 0.6 0.5 — — 

Commercial thinning 16.1 10.8 3.6 1.1 0.2 0.5 — 

Other stand improvement 8.0 5.9 1.1 1.0 — — — 

Site preparation 36.2 5.6 10.0 13.3 7.3 0.0 — 

Other treatment 11.9 1.5 1.6 2.6 4.7 1.6 — 

Natural disturbance

 Disease 8.6 2.9 2.0 3.0 0.6 0.1 — 

 Insects 1.8 0.2 0.8 0.8 — — — 

 Fire — — — — — — — 

 Weather 5.2 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.2 2.9 — 

 Animals 8.8 — — 0.6 1.9 6.2 — 

Other disturbance

 Grazing — — — — — — — 

 Other man-caused disturbance 2.8 0.6 — 2.0 0.2 — — 

Since some acres experience more than one treatment or disturbance, there are no column totals. Numbers in rows may not sum

to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a Classification before treatment or disturbance.

b

 Includes high-grading and some selective cutting.
52

Table 49—Area of timberland regenerated annually by type of regeneration and forest management type,

West-Central Alabama, 1990 to 1999

Forest management typea

Type of All Pine Natural Oak– Upland Lowland 

regeneration types plantation pine pine hardwood hardwood Nonstocked

Thousand acres

Artificial regeneration

 following harvest 29.8 20.4 — 7.9 1.5 — — 

Natural regeneration

 following harvest 34.3 — 3.3 8.4 21.4 1.3 — 

Other artificial regeneration

 on forest land 6.2 5.6 — 0.6 — — — 

Other natural regeneration

 on forest land 13.8 0.6 1.6 3.6 6.0 2.0 — 

Artificial regeneration on

 former nonforest land 5.9 4.9 — 1.0 — — — 

Natural reversion of

 former nonforest land 10.2 — 3.6 3.6 1.2 1.8 — 

 Total 100.4 31.5 8.6 25.2 30.1 5.0 — 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but <0.05 for the cell.

a

 Classification after regeneration.
53

The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, is

dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of

the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood,

water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research,

cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management

of the National Forests and National Grasslands, it strives—as directed

by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing

Nation.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination

in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national

origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation,

or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for

communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape,

etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at 202–720–2600 (voice

and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of

Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence

Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250–9410 or call 202–720–5964 (voice

or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Hartsell, Andrew J.; Vissage, John S. 2001. Forest statistics for

West-Central Alabama, 1999. Resour. Bull. SRS–60. Asheville,

NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern

Research Station. 52 p.

This report summarizes a 1999 inventory of the forest resources of a

nine-county area of Alabama. Major findings are highlighted in text

and graphics; detailed data are presented in 49 tables.

Keywords: Forest ownership, timberland, timber growth, timber

removals, timber volume.
54

United States

Department of Agriculture

Forest Service

Southern

Research Station

P.O. Box 2680

200 Weaver Blvd.

Asheville, NC 28802

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

Penalty for Private Use, $300