# Pendimethalin

**EPA Consultation w ith**  **the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Regarding the**  **Effects of the Pesticide Pendimethalin on**

**Pacific Salmonids**

1 

# September 27 2011
**Registrant Information**  **prov ided**  **by :**  BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Craig Kleppe

– Product Registration Manager Scott Jackson

– Stewardship Manager Spencer Mortensen

– Principal Ecotoxicologist Joe Wisk

– Manager, Ecotoxicology

# Pendimethalin **Herbicide Use Profile**

 **Mode of A ction**  **-** meristematic inhibitor that interferes with the plant’s cellular division or mitosis (prohibits microtubule assembly)  Terrestrial uses, no aquatic uses  Soil active herbicide must be applied prior to weed seed germination, either before crop seeding or shortly after

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 2 

# crop seeding or shortly after  **Ap plication methods** 
**–** aerial spray, ground spray or by spreading dry granule, chemigation, flood irrigation  **Use patterns**
**–** applied to soil surface broadcast, banded, directed between rows  **Crop Uses**
**–** applied to field and rows crops, fruit & nut tree orchards, vineyards, vegetables, fallow  **Non -** **Crop Uses**
**–** applied to turfgrass, sod farms, golf courses, grounds & landscape maintenance, noncropland areas, ornamental production, plantations

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (1)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Application Use Pattern** *

carrots 1 1 60 PRE or Layby carrot grown for seed 2 2 60 Layby **Vegetable, tuberous and corm**  1C potato (white) 1.5 1.5 none PRE or PRE incorporated or EPOST garlic 1.5 1.5 45 to 60 PRE or POST dry bulb onions 1.5 1.5 45 (or 60 in CA) Mineral soils: POST (all states) **Vegetable, Root** 1A



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 3 in CA) POST (all states) dry bulb onions 1.5 1.5 45 Mineral soils: LOOP and POST (only in CO, KS, NE

states) dry bulb onions 1.5 1.5 45 Mineral soils: PPI (only in CO, TX states) dry bulb onions 2 2 45 Mineral soils: PPS between beds before transplanting or POST (only in ID, OR,

WAstates) dry bulb onions 2 5.94 45 Muck soils: PRE or LOOP or POST dry bulb onions 1.425 1.425 45 Yes, Idaho, Oregon, Washington Delayed PRE dry bulb onions 0.7 1.5 60 Yes, California LOOP dry bulb shallots 1.5 1.5 45 (or 60 in CA) Mineral soils: POST (all states) dry bulb shallots 2 5.94 45 Muck soils: PRE or LOOP or POST green onions 1 2 30 PRE or POST leek 1 2 30 PRE or POST spring onions or scallions 1 2 30 PRE or POST Japanese bunching onion 1 2 30 PRE or POST green shallots 1 2 30 PRE or POST green eschalots 1 2 30 PRE or POST **Bulb Vegetables** 3

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (2)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Application Use Pattern** *



### broccoli 1 1 60 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows broccoli, Chinese 1 1 60 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows brussels sprouts 1 1 60 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows cabbage Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 4 

### cabbage 1 1 70 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows cabbage, Chinese (napa) 1 1 70 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows cabbage, Chinese mustard 1 1 70 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows cauliflower 1 1 70 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows cavalo broccolo 1 1 70 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows kohlrabi 1 1 70 Pre-transplanting or POST or PDIR between rows snap bean 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI dwarf pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI edible pod pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI lima bean 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI southern pea (cowpea) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI English pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI garden pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI green pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI **Brassica Head & Stem Vegetables**  5A

**Legume vegetables (Edible podded beans & peas)**  6A

**Legume vegetables (Succulent shelled)**  6B

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (3)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Application Use Pattern** *
dry beans (red kidney

) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in CO, ID, KS, MT, NE, NM, OR,

WA, WY states) dry beans (black) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in CO, ID, KS, MT, NE, NM, OR,

WA, WY states) dry beans (turtle) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in CO, ID, KS, MT, NE, NM, OR, **Legume vegetables (dry shelled)**  6C



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 5 1.5 1.5 none PRE (only in CO, ID, KS, MT, NE, NM, OR, WA, WY states) dry beans (cranberry) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in CO, ID, KS, MT, NE, NM, OR,

WA, WY states) dry beans (sm all white type) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in CO, ID, KS, MT, NE, NM, OR,

WA, WY states) chickpeas (garbanzo beans) 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in ID, OR, WA states) sweet lupins 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE lentils 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in ID, OR, WA states) dry pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI or PRE (only in ID, OR, WA states) pigeon pea 1.5 1.5 none PPS or PPI eggplant 1.5 1.5 21 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR groundcherry 1.5 1.5 70 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR peppers, bell 1.5 1.5 70 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR peppers, non-bell 1.5 1.5 70 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR pepino 1.5 1.5 70 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR tomatilla 1.5 1.5 70 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR tomato 1.5 1.5 70 PPI or Pre-transplanting or PDIR **Fruiting Vegetables 8**  (continued) **Legume vegetables (dry shelled)**  6C

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (4)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) 

### Crop **Group Number**  **Crop Maximum**  **Single Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) 

### Pre**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ??** 

### Application Use Pattern*



### calamondin 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy citrus citron 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy citrus hybirds 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy grapefruit 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy kumquat 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 6 

### kumquat 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy lemon 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy lim e 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy mandarin (tangerine) 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy orange (sweet) 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy orange (sour) 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy pum melo 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy satuma mandarin 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy tangelo 6 6 1 Directed under tree canopy non-bearing citrus trees 6 6 na PPS or PPI or PRE apple 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy crabapple 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy loquat 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy mayhaw 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy pear 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy pear, oriental 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy quince 4 4 60 Directed under tree canopy non-bearing pome fruit trees 4 4 na PPS or PPI or PRE **Pome Fruits 11**  **Citrus Fruits 10** 

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (5)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Ap**  **plication Use Pattern***
apricot 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy aprium 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy cherry, sweet 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy cherry, tart 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy nectarine 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy peach 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy plum 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy plum, chicksaw 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy **Stone fruits 12** 



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 7 plum, chicksaw 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy plum, Damson 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy plum, Japanese 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy plumcot 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy pluot 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy prune 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy non-bearing stone fruit trees 4 4 na PPS or PPI or PRE juneberry 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy pom egranate 4 4 60 Di rected under tree canopy almond 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy beech nut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy Brazil nut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy butternut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy cashew 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy chestnut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy chinquapin 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy filbert (hazelnut) 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy hickory nut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy macadamia nut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy pecan 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy pistachio 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy walnut 6 6 60 Di rected under tree canopy non-bearing nut trees 6 6 na PPS or PPI or PRE **Tree Nuts 14**  **Stone fruits 12** 

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (6)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap**  **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Application Use Pattern** *



### corn, field 2 2 21 PRE or POST or CULTI-Spray corn, pop 2 2 21 PRE or POST corn, field seed 2 2 21 PRE or POST corn, pop seed 2 2 21 PRE or POST corn, fresh sweet 2 2 21 PRE or POST sorghum, grain 1.5 1.5 21 CULTI-Spray or **Cereal Grains 15** 



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 8 

### 1.5 1.5 21 EPOST (in certain states) 

### rice (dry seeded) 1 1 none PRE or Delayed PRE or EPOST rice (water seeded) 1 1 none POST wheat 1.5 1.5 11 to 60 PRE or Delayed PRE or POST triticale 1.5 1.5 11 to 60 PRE or Delayed PRE or POST Bermudagrass (grown for hay) 4 4 60 Wi nter Dormancy Bermudagrass (pasture for grazing) 4 4 45 Wi nter Dormancy perennial grass grown for seed 4 4 90 POST perennial grass grown for straw 4 4 90 POST **Grass Forage, Fodder and Hay**  **17**

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Crop**  **Uses (7)** 

**Cr op G** **ro uping**  (if appl ic able) **Cr op**  **Gr oup**  **Num be**  **r Cr** **op Ma** **xim um**  **Sing le**  **Application Us**  **e Ra** **te** (l b ai/A ) **Ma xim**  **um**

**Se as**  **onal Application**  **Us e**  **Ra te**  (l b ai/A ) **Pre**

**Ha rv**  **est Inte**  **rv al**  (day s) **St ate**  **-s pe**  **cific**

**Sp ec**  **ial L ocal**  **Ne ed**  **s 24(**  **c) labe l ?**  **? Applic** **at ion Us**  **e Pa**  **ttern***

al fal fa sta nd es ta bl ishment 0. 7 4 na PPIo r PRE al fal fa (s eedling) 1 4 na POST al fal fa (grown for forage) 4 4 28 dorm ancy o r after cuttingo r POST al fal fa (grown for hay ) 4 4 28 dorm ancy o r after cuttingo r POST al fal fa (grown for seed) 4 4 90 dorm ancy or POST art ichoke, g lobe 3. 9 3. 9 200 Pre-t rans plant ing art ichoke, g lobe 1. 425 1. 425 60 Pre-t rans plant ing as paragus 3. 9 3. 9 14 PRE tospear emergence clove r grown for seed 3. 8 3. 8 na Yes, Idaho and Oregon POST



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 9 3. 8 3. 8 na Oregon POST
cotton 2 2 60 PPS or PPIo r PRE o r Lay by cotton 0. 95 2 60 POST fa llow 1. 5 na na PPS grape, bearing 6 6 90 Di rected under vi ne ca nopy grape, n on-bearing 6 6 na PPS o r PPIo r PRE guay ule, n on-bearing 4 6 na Yes, A rizo na Di rected under plantca nopy ol iv e, beari ng 4 4 60 Di rected under tr ee ca nopy ol iv e, n on-bearing 4 4 na Di rected under tr ee ca nopy peanut 1 1 none PPIo r PRE peanut 1. 5 1. 5 none PPIo r PRE (onlyi n A L, FL, GA states ) peppermint 2 2 90 PRE spearmint 2 2 90 PRE soybean 2 2 85 PPS o r PPIo r PRE strawberry 1. 5 3 35 PPS or Pre-t rans plant ing and POST between rows strawberryn on-beari ng 1. 66 1. 66 365 Pre-t rans plant ing (onlyi n OR and WAs tates ) su garcane 4 5. 94 90 PRE o r Lay by su garcane (fal low ground in Loui siana) 2. 5 5. 94 90 PPS a nd PRE o r Lay by su garcane (drainage areasinLouis iana) 3. 325 5. 94 na PPS su nfl owers 1. 73 1. 73 none f all PPI (onlyi n MN, ND, SD s tates ) su nfl owers 1. 5 1. 5 none PPIo r PRE to bac co 1. 5 1. 5 none PPIo r Lay by **Indiv idua**  **l C rops**  na

(c ont inued) **Indiv idua**  **l C rops**  na

# Pendimethalin **Current Registered Non**  **- Crop**  **Uses (1)** 

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap** **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Application Use Pattern** *


### turfgrass on golf courses 3 4.5 na anytim e prior to weed germination turfgrass on sod farms 2 3.4 na anytim e prior to weed germination turfgrass on residential lawns 2 3.5 na anytim e prior to weed germination turfgrass maintained non-residential areas 3 4.5 na anytim e prior to weed germination turfgrass in landscaped ornamental areas 3 4.5 na anytim e prior to weed germination industrial (unim proved) turf 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 10 

### general grounds maintenance 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination general landscape maintenance 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination noncropland areas 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination wildflower plantings 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination bulb plantings 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination tree seedling nurseries 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination tree plantations 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination ornamental production 4 8 na anytim e prior to weed germination **Non-Crop Uses** na

# Pendimethalin **New Crop Uses currently under**  **EPA review**

**Crop Grouping** (if applicable) **Crop Group**  **Number Crop**  **Maximum Single**  **Ap plication**  **Use Rate** (lb ai/A) **Maximum**

**Seasonal Ap** **plication Use Rate**  (lb ai/A) **Pre**

**Harvest Interval**  (days) **State-specific**

**Special Local Needs**  **24(c) label ?? Application Use Pattern** *



### mustard greens 1 1 21 POST broccoli raab 1 1 21 POST Chinese cabbage (bokchoy) 1 1 21 POST collards 1 1 21 POST kale 1 1 21 POST **New Crop Uses Pending at EPA as of July 2011** 

**Brassica Leafy Greens** 5B



### EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 11 

### kale mizuna 1 1 21 POST mustard spinach 1 1 21 POST rape greens 1 1 21 POST turnip greens 1 1 21 POST canteloupe 1 2 35 Directed to row middles citron melon 1 2 35 Directed to row middles muskmelon 1 2 35 Directed to row middles watermelon 1 2 35 Directed to row middles Amur river grape 6 6 60 Directed under vine canopy gooseberry 6 6 60 Directed under vine canopy fuzzy kiwifruit 6 6 60 Directed under vine canopy hardy kiwifruit 6 6 60 Directed under vine canopy maypop 6 6 60 Directed under vine canopy Schisandra berry 6 6 60 Directed under vine canopy leaf lettuce 1 1 20 POST Vegetable soybean (edamame) 1.5 1.5 85 PPS or PPI or PRE **Individual Crops** na **Melons** 9A

**Small Fruit Vine Climbing** (except grape) 13-07E

# Pendimethalin **Herbicide Use Rates**

 **Maximum single application**  **crop use rate**

- in field and rows crops: 4 lbs ai/A in asparagus, artichoke, alfalfa, bermudagrass, sugarcane

- in tree orchards or vines crops:

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 12 

# 6 lbs ai/A in citrus, grape, tree nuts



#  **Maximum single application**  **non -** **crop use rate** 

- in turfgrass: 3 lbs ai/A in golf, residential lawns

- in grounds/landscape maintenance and ornamentals production: 4 lbs ai/A

# Pendimethalin **Formulated Products**

 **Liquid Formulations**

- EC (emulsifiable concentrate)

- CS (capsulated aqueous suspension)

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 13 

#  **Granular Formulations** 

- G (spreadable granule)

# Pendimethalin Studies **of Interest**

**for Ecological Risk Assessment**

14

# Regulatory**Studies Already S**  **ubmitted to EPA 1) Fate, Transport, and Transformation Data** 

 Lab Degradation Studies  Hydrolysis  Aqueous photolysis  Soil photolysis  Lab Metabolism Studies

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 15 

#  Lab Metabolism Studies  Aerobic soil and aquatic  Anaerobic soil and aquatic  Mobility Studies  Leaching and adsorption/desorption  Volatility (lab)  Field Dissipation Studies  Several soil and two sediment

# Regulatory**Studies Already S**  **ubmitted to EPA 2) Ecological Effects Data (Aquatic)** 

 Invertebrates  Acute freshwater (Daphnia)  Acute marine (oyster shell deposition & Mysid shrimp)  Life cycle and reproduction (Daphnia)  Chironomus spiked sediment toxicity  Fish

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 16 

#  Fish  Acute freshwater (bluegill, trout, catfish)  Acute marine (sheepshead minnow)  Fish full life cycle (fathead minnow)  Accumulation and BCF studies  Non

-Target Plants  Lemna  Algae (freshwater green and blue

-green algae, freshwater and marine diatom, marine diatom)

# Regulatory**Studies Already S**  **ubmitted to EPA 3) Ecological Effects Data (Terrestrial)** 

 Avian  Acute oral toxicity (quail)  Dietary LC50 (quail and duck)  Reproduction (quail and duck)

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 17 

#  Reproduction (quail and duck)  Invertebrates  Honeybee acute contact  Non

-Target Plants  Seedling emergence (Tier I & II)  Vegetative vigor (Tier I & II)

# Higher**- Tiered Ecological Studies in the Aquatic**  **Environment to Address EU Regulatory C** **oncerns**

 **Studies not previously**  **s ubmitted**  **to EPA**

- outdoor pond mesocosms, effects on fish and pendimethalin fate

- outdoor pond mesocosms, effects on other aquatic organisms

- bioaccumulation in Tubifex

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 18 

# - bioaccumulation in Tubifex

- full life cycle test in Zebra fish

# Pendimethalin Mitigation **Measures**

19

# Pendimethalin **Mitigation Measures for Endangered**  **Species**

 **Spray**

**Buffer Zones on Product Labels since 2006**  **Endangered Species Protection** This product may have effects on federally listed threatened or endangered plant species or their critical habitat. When using this product, you must follow the measures contained in the Endangered Species Protection Bulletin for the county or parish in which you are applying the pesticide. To determine whether

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 20 

# Protection Bulletin for the county or parish in which you are applying the pesticide. To determine whether your county or parish has a Bulletin, and to obtain that Bulletin, consult http://www.epa.gov/espp/, or call 1

-800

-447

-3813 no more than 6 months before using this product. Applicators must use Bulletins that are in effect in the month in which the pesticide will be applied. New Bulletins will generally be available from the above sources 6 months prior to their effective dates. If endangered plant species occur in proximity to the application site, the following mitigation measures are required:


# • If applied by ground, leave an untreated buffer zone of 200 feet. The product must be applied using a low boom (20 inches above the ground) and ASAE fine to medium/coarse nozzles.



# • If applied by air, leave an untreated buffer zone of 170 feet. Must use straight

-stream nozzles (D

-6 or larger); wind can be no more than 8 mph, and release height must be 15 feet or less.

# Pendimethalin **BiOps**

 **Pendimethalin labels already**  **include:**  **Env ironmental Hazard statements...**  1

- This product is toxic to fish. 2

- **DO NOT** apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present, or

EPA Consultation with NMFS

- Pendimethalin, September 27 2011 21 

# to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. 3

- Drift and runoff from treated areas may be hazardous to aquatic organisms in adjacent aquatic sites. 4

- **DO NOT** contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwaters or rinsate.


#  **Risk -** **based spray buffers to protect Endangered Species**



#  **BASF proposes a determination by**  **N MFS of “No Jeopardy** **”**