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Whether this court views the d

choice between guidelines or a dsame. The heartland analysis that determining which guideline apanalysis that should be applied ideparture is warranted. See SMoreover, in the departure contextfact that a money laundering orelated to unlawful activity other organized crime is not sufficient to the heartland of the money launStates v. Reed, 167 F.3d 984, 995 States v. Ford, 184 F.3d 566, 587 (if the district court’s decision is treas an application of a more appropcourt’s rationale was not sufficicourt’s decision not to apply the mto the money laundering offense. court’s sentence should be reveinstructions to re-sentence Chilingimoney laundering guideline.




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The Third Circuit has since clarified the holding of Smith:

Where money laundering is not ‘minimal or incidental,’

and is ‘separate from the underlying crime’ and intendedto ‘make it appear that the funds were legitimate’ or tofunnel money into further criminal activities, § 2S1.1 isan applicable guideline. The guideline may also beapplicable if there is evidence that the activities whichfulfilled the broad statutory requirements for moneylaundering were extensive with drug trafficking or otherserious crime.

United States v. Mustafa, 238 F.3d 485, 495 (3d Cir. 2001)

(quoting United States v. Bockius, 228 F.3d 305, 313 (3d Cir.2000)). In this case, it could also be argued that even if thisCircuit were to apply Smith, its rationale would fail toproduce the result desired by Chilingirian. The moneylaundering in this case was not minimal nor incidental, and itappears to have been funneled through the client trust accountin order to make it appear legitimate and to further the radartechnology/fraud scheme.

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This portion of the Guidelines Manual has since been

amended so that the sentencing court is now required to usethe guideline that Appendix A says is applicable. SeeU.S.S.G., Appendix A (2000). Thus, the Smith approach isno longer relevant.

 

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''"%&+'>%& %&& )2'@#=('.'$" 2,!,  Chilingirian also reas

working on several deals. 

In mid-1995, Chilingirian attem

bankruptcy claims against VRSS aavailable from a group of investoGroup." Paul Tindall, and his wCanada and were related to Jack Rmet with Jack Rashid in January 19Rashids went to Toronto to presen
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seek investments from, a group of over thirty people wholearned of this opportunity through Paul Tindall. 

In December 1995, Advanced Radar Systems ("ART") was

incorporated in Canada in order to take in the money from theCanadian investors. Neither the Rashids nor Chilingirianinformed the Canadian investors about VRSS’s bankruptcy ortheir plan to use the investors’ money to pay creditors. TheCanadians invested heavily, but the money was put intoVRSS. According to the government’s summary, the records

of Chilingirian’s client trust fund show that $2.48 million in

checks was given to Jack Rashid by ART-Canada investors.Chilingirian endorsed $2.267 million of those checks into histrust account. Chilingirian then wrote $275,000 worth ofchecks to himself, gave $1.473 million to Jack Rashid, anddisbursed $480,000 to settle various investors’ claims against

Rashid. Aside from Peter Tindall, none of the Canadianinvestors have ever recouped any money invested with theRashids. 

When Chilingirian incorporated ART in Canada on behalf

of Jack Rashid, he opened a new client trust account as well.According to the government, this account was used tolaunder money received from the last group of investors, the"Kraft Group." James Kraft was a long time friend of JackRashid. He was solicited for money in April 1996, andinvested money from his retirement account. He also broughtin contributions from over thirty other investors. 

In 1996, Chilingirian and members of the Rudder Group

discussed settlement of the investors’ claims against theRashids/VRSS. Some investors did get a portion of theirmoney back, but they had to sign affidavits exculpating JackRashid. Similarly, despite numerous complaints frominvestors, Chilingirian continued to deposit money from theKraft Group into his client trust account, then withdraw somefor Jack Rashid and a lesser amount for himself.

On April 23, 1997, Chilingirian was indicted on charges of

conspiracy in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 371, mail fraud in

 E. Fraud Guideline or Money L

The government, on cross-appe

court erred by sentencing Chilingiguidelines, rather than the moneChilingirian was found guilty of colaundering and Jack Rashid pleoffense. However, Judge O’Meara according to different sentencing Jack Chilingirian according to the fraud (§ 2F1.1) and sentenced Jacsentencing guideline for money lafraud guideline results in a significThe government argues that the couguidelines for money laundering t

This is a case of first imp

Chilingirian and the district court Third Circuit. In United States vCir. 1999), the Third Circuit held guidelines were too harsh to apply routine fraud case in which the monan "incidental by-product" of a kic

The court explained that the senten"heartland" analysis when deciding applied and when deciding whetheThus, in order to determine whetguideline should apply, the courconduct was considered by the Sentwithin the heartland cases covlaundering guideline. The court cCommission’s proposed amenlaundering guideline, which were "conclude[d] that the Sentencing indicated that the heartland of U.Slaundering activity connected with and serious crime." Id. at 300. 
 
 

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violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1341, wiU.S.C. § 1343, aiding and transportation of funds taken by U.S.C. § 2314, tampering with a U.S.C. § 1512, and conspiracy to lin violation of 18 U.S.C. 

1956(a)(1)(B)(i), and 1956(h). 

On April 29, 1999, the district co

of conspiracy to commit money l1999, Chilingirian filed a Motion pending appeal. On October 18, 19

"# 2 (! @  )'() ') he was imprisonment, 2 years supervised the amount of $335,167.50. ' %& %%&)(%#(+%+,#%3)'( !"&&( +'%(%,%(' ! #(.&%   !+,#%3 +C,(%% !"&($'+#% ('@(%&%&+,#%3>#)(+%".,(!%5'$'5! ,')#('.+& #.,#%&#+#% ('+,'%@(%&('%&(')(+%$' ')%&,%&(')(+%$'%@ $,!%(%& .>#'$'% !!. %& % %&'%'+('.&(!('.(#( ' ++#)('.

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