***Public and Private School Principle in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1987-88 to 1993-94*****Table A13.�Percentage of public and private school principals participating in training or           development programs, by region, community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity:            1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94**------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                                              Training or development program                                      ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                             Program for              Training in evaluation      Training in                 Administrative                                             aspiring principals      and supervision             management techniques       internship                                      ---------------------------- --------------------------- --------------------------- ---------------------------Principal/school characteristics        1987-88 1990-91 1993-94      1987-88 1990-91 1993-94     1987-88 1990-91 1993-94     1987-88 1990-91 1993-94-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PUBLIC          Total                          (a)     35.7    38.9         89.2    87.4    86.5        73.2    74.3    74.7        36.6    37.6    41.2     Sex          Male                           (a)     33.2    35.6         89.4    88.0    86.8        73.3    74.5    75.6        34.7    34.2    38.9          Female                         (a)     41.8    45.1         88.9    86.0    85.8        72.9    73.8    73.0        42.3    45.4    45.6     Race-ethnicity          American Indian/Alaska Native  (a)     44.8    41.2         90.8    93.6    83.8        70.4    78.7    83.1        48.7    35.6    49.4          Asian/Pacific Islander         (a)     50.7    67.6         91.3    95.4    92.7        83.1    90.1    80.5        67.7    52.3    49.0          Black non-Hispanic             (a)     56.8    58.0         89.8    89.0    88.2        80.2    81.1    79.4        42.3    44.0    45.1          White non-Hispanic             (a)     33.0    35.4         89.0    86.9    86.0        72.0    73.1    73.8        35.0    36.2    40.0          Hispanic                       (a)     45.0    57.6         93.4    92.0    90.3        84.9    83.2    78.8        54.0    50.2    52.1 Total minority                          (a)     52.4    57.5         90.8    90.4    88.7        80.6    82.0    79.5        46.6    45.6    47.3     Community type          Central city                   (a)     44.2    51.7         89.0    89.2    89.2        77.4    80.0    78.9        40.5    39.1    43.2          Urban fringe/large town        (a)     41.6    43.0         91.2    86.4    86.2        76.6    75.0    76.1        34.9    40.5    42.8          Rural/small town               (a)     28.8    30.3         88.2    87.1    85.2        68.6    71.4    71.9        35.2    35.3    39.3     School level          Elementary                     (a)     36.8    39.4         89.3    87.1    86.7        73.0    73.9    74.3        36.1    37.0    41.3          Secondary                      (a)     33.5    36.5         89.3    88.3    86.6        74.9    75.0    75.0        37.2    38.6    40.8          Combined                       (a)     31.3    40.0         88.2    87.9    85.7        67.9    76.5    74.7        39.6    39.2    47.0-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------See footnote at end of table.**Table A13.�Percentage of public and private school principals participating in training or           development programs, by region, community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity:            1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94(continue)**--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                                              Training or development program                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                             Program for              Training in evaluation      Training in                 Administrative                                             aspiring principals      and supervision             management techniques       internship                                      ---------------------------- --------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------Principal/school characteristics        1987-88 1990-91 1993-94      1987-88 1990-91 1993-94     1987-88 1990-91 1993-94     1987-88 1990-91 1993-94---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PRIVATE          Total                          (a)     40.0    38.5         68.6    64.7    64.7        56.3    53.7    57.6        23.6    20.7    22.0     Sex          Male                           (a)     37.8    35.3         64.8    62.0    62.8        56.2    51.8    56.3        19.9    16.6    18.4          Female                         (a)     41.9    41.3         72.2    67.4    66.2        56.5    55.6    58.8        27.1    24.5    25.1     Race-ethnicity          American Indian/Alaska Native  (a)     31.5    70.7         73.6    75.4    78.6        36.7    71.3    78.6        12.1    24.8    53.7          Asian/Pacific Islander         (a)     18.4    53.7         72.3    57.3    65.3        73.1    71.2    79.0        35.1     0.0    35.0          Black non-Hispanic             (a)     59.7    49.3         71.0    52.1    76.3        66.5    46.5    73.7        24.8    32.1    33.5          White non-Hispanic             (a)     39.6    37.4         68.9    64.6    64.0        55.9    53.5    56.1        23.4    20.1    20.8          Hispanic                       (a)     37.6    57.7         53.0    82.8    67.2        55.7    63.0    79.4        28.6    34.2    40.2 Total minority                          (a)     45.1    51.9         64.7    66.4    73.0        61.4    57.2    76.1        26.8    29.4    36.9     Community type          Central city                   (a)     41.4    39.6         68.2    68.4    68.6        55.5    58.0    62.5        24.5    23.9    25.1          Urban fringe/large town        (a)     39.9    40.5         73.0    65.3    65.7        57.3    51.9    59.0        26.2    21.7    22.8          Rural/small town               (a)     38.0    34.6         64.0    59.4    57.9        56.5    50.3    49.1        19.0    15.4    16.6     School level          Elementary                     (a)     37.8    41.6         69.6    64.5    66.2        53.3    52.8    57.7        25.6    21.4    24.1          Secondary                      (a)     43.8    33.4         67.6    62.6    68.3        54.9    57.2    62.1        25.4    22.3    20.6          Combined                       (a)     43.4    33.5         66.7    66.1    60.0        63.6    54.6    53.6        18.4    18.3    16.0------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(a) Item not included on SASS instrument that year.SOURCE:  U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools andStaffing Survey: 1987-88(School Administrator and Public and Private School Questionnaires), 1990-91(Public and Private School Administrator and School Questionnaires), and 1993-94 (Publicand Private School Principal and School Questionnaires).