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Union Calendar No. 188 

110TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1933 

[Report No. 110–301] 

To amend the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to reauthorize and improve the 

carbon capture and storage research, development, and demonstration 

program of the Department of Energy, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

APRIL 18, 2007 

Mr. UDALL of Colorado introduced the following bill; which was referred to 

the Committee on Science and Technology 

AUGUST 3, 2007 

Additional sponsors: Mr. SALAZAR, Mr. MARSHALL, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. GORDON, Mr. COSTELLO, Ms. MCCOLLUM of Minnesota, Mr. HARE, and Ms. 

EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas 

AUGUST 3, 2007 

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 

House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on April 18, 2007] 

A BILL 

To amend the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to reauthorize 

and improve the carbon capture and storage research, 

development, and demonstration program of the Department of Energy, and for other purposes. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy 

5 Carbon Capture and Storage Research, Development, and 

6 Demonstration Act of 2007’’. 

7 SEC. 2. CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE RESEARCH, DE8 VELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION PRO9 GRAM. 

10 (a) AMENDMENTS.—Section 963 of the Energy Policy 

11 Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16293) is amended— 

12 (1) in the section heading, by striking ‘‘RE13 SEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT’’ and inserting 

14 ‘‘AND STORAGE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, 

15 AND DEMONSTRATION’’; 

16 (2) in subsection (a)— 

17 (A) by striking ‘‘research and development’’ 

18 and inserting ‘‘and storage research, develop19 ment, and demonstration’’; and 

20 (B) by striking ‘‘capture technologies on 

21 combustion-based systems’’ and inserting ‘‘cap22 ture and storage technologies related to electric 

23 power generating systems’’; 

24 (3) in subsection (b)— 


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1 (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 

2 the end; 

3 (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period 

4 at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

5 (C) by adding at the end the following: 

6 ‘‘(5) to expedite and carry out large-scale testing 

7 of carbon sequestration systems in a range of geologi8 cal formations that will provide information on the 

9 cost and feasibility of deployment of sequestration 

10 technologies.’’; and 

11 (4) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the 

12 following: 

13 ‘‘(c) PROGRAMMATIC ACTIVITIES.— 

14 ‘‘(1) FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

15 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION

16 SUPPORTING CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE TECH17 NOLOGIES.— 

18 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

19 carry out fundamental science and engineering 

20 research (including laboratory-scale experiments, 

21 numeric modeling, and simulations) to develop 

22 and document the performance of new ap23 proaches to capture and store carbon dioxide, or 

24 to learn how to use carbon dioxide in products 


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1 to lead to an overall reduction of carbon dioxide 

2 emissions. 

3 ‘‘(B) PROGRAM INTEGRATION.—The Sec4 retary shall ensure that fundamental research 

5 carried out under this paragraph is appro6 priately applied to energy technology develop7 ment activities and the field testing of carbon se8 questration and carbon use activities, includ9 ing— 

10 ‘‘(i) development of new or advanced 

11 technologies for the capture of carbon diox12 ide; 

13 ‘‘(ii) development of new or advanced 

14 technologies that reduce the cost and in15 crease the efficacy of the compression of car16 bon dioxide required for the storage of car17 bon dioxide; 

18 ‘‘(iii) modeling and simulation of geo19 logical sequestration field demonstrations; 

20 ‘‘(iv) quantitative assessment of risks 

21 relating to specific field sites for testing of 

22 sequestration technologies; and 

23 ‘‘(v) research and development of new 

24 and advanced technologies for carbon use, 


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1 including recycling and reuse of carbon di2 oxide. 

3 ‘‘(2) FIELD VALIDATION TESTING ACTIVITIES.— 

4 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

5 promote, to the maximum extent practicable, re6 gional carbon sequestration partnerships to con7 duct geologic sequestration tests involving carbon 

8 dioxide injection and monitoring, mitigation, 

9 and verification operations in a variety of can10 didate geological settings, including— 

11 ‘‘(i) operating oil and gas fields; 

12 ‘‘(ii) depleted oil and gas fields; 

13 ‘‘(iii) unmineable coal seams; 

14 ‘‘(iv) deep saline formations; 

15 ‘‘(v) deep geologic systems that may be 

16 used as engineered reservoirs to extract eco17 nomical quantities of heat from geothermal 

18 resources of low permeability or porosity; 

19 ‘‘(vi) deep geologic systems containing 

20 basalt formations; and 

21 ‘‘(vii) high altitude terrain oil and gas 

22 fields. 

23 ‘‘(B) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of tests 

24 conducted under this paragraph shall be— 


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1 ‘‘(i) to develop and validate geo2 physical tools, analysis, and modeling to 

3 monitor, predict, and verify carbon dioxide 

4 containment; 

5 ‘‘(ii) to validate modeling of geological 

6 formations; 

7 ‘‘(iii) to refine storage capacity esti8 mated for particular geological formations; 

9 ‘‘(iv) to determine the fate of carbon 

10 dioxide concurrent with and following injec11 tion into geological formations; 

12 ‘‘(v) to develop and implement best 

13 practices for operations relating to, and 

14 monitoring of, injection and storage of car15 bon dioxide in geologic formations; 

16 ‘‘(vi) to assess and ensure the safety of 

17 operations related to geological storage of 

18 carbon dioxide; 

19 ‘‘(vii) to allow the Secretary to pro20 mulgate policies, procedures, requirements, 

21 and guidance to ensure that the objectives of 

22 this subparagraph are met in large-scale 

23 testing and deployment activities for carbon 

24 capture and storage that are funded by the 

25 Department of Energy; and 


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1 ‘‘(viii) to support Environmental Pro2 tection Agency efforts, in consultation with 

3 other agencies, to develop a scientifically 

4 sound regulatory framework to enable com5 mercial-scale sequestration operations while 

6 safeguarding human health and under7 ground sources of drinking water. 

8 ‘‘(3) LARGE-SCALE CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUES9 TRATION TESTING.— 

10 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

11 conduct not less than 7 initial large-volume se12 questration tests, not including the FutureGen 

13 project, for geological containment of carbon di14 oxide (at least 1 of which shall be international 

15 in scope) to validate information on the cost and 

16 feasibility of commercial deployment of tech17 nologies for geological containment of carbon di18 oxide. 

19 ‘‘(B) DIVERSITY OF FORMATIONS TO BE

20 STUDIED.—In selecting formations for study 

21 under this paragraph, the Secretary shall con22 sider a variety of geological formations across the 

23 United States, and require characterization and 

24 modeling of candidate formations, as determined 

25 by the Secretary. 


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1 ‘‘(C) SOURCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE FOR

2 LARGE-SCALE SEQUESTRATION DEMONSTRA3 TIONS.—In the process of any acquisition of car4 bon dioxide for sequestration demonstrations 

5 under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give 

6 preference to purchases of carbon dioxide from 

7 industrial and coal-fired electric generation fa8 cilities. To the extent feasible, the Secretary shall 

9 prefer test projects from industrial and coal-fired 

10 electric generation facilities that would facilitate 

11 the creation of an integrated system of capture, 

12 transportation and storage of carbon dioxide. 

13 Until coal-fired electric generation facilities, ei14 ther new or existing, are operating with carbon 

15 dioxide capture technologies, other industrial 

16 sources of carbon dioxide should be pursued 

17 under this paragraph. The preference provided 

18 for under this subparagraph shall not delay the 

19 implementation of the large-scale sequestration 

20 tests under this paragraph. 

21 ‘‘(D) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this 

22 paragraph, the term ‘large-scale’ means the injec23 tion of more than 1,000,000 metric tons of car24 bon dioxide annually, or a scale that demon25 strably exceeds the necessary thresholds in key 


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1 geologic transients to validate the ability con2 tinuously to inject quantities on the order of sev3 eral million metric tons of industrial carbon di4 oxide annually for a large number of years. 

5 ‘‘(4) LARGE-SCALE DEMONSTRATION OF CARBON

6 DIOXIDE CAPTURE TECHNOLOGIES.— 

7 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

8 carry out at least 3 and no more than 5 dem9 onstrations, that include each of the technologies 

10 described in subparagraph (B), for the large11 scale capture of carbon dioxide from industrial 

12 sources of carbon dioxide, at least 2 of which are 

13 facilities that generate electric energy from fossil 

14 fuels. Candidate facilities for other demonstra15 tions under this paragraph shall include facili16 ties that refine petroleum, manufacture iron or 

17 steel, manufacture cement or cement clinker, 

18 manufacture commodity chemicals, and ethanol 

19 and fertilizer plants. Consideration may be given 

20 to capture of carbon dioxide from industrial fa21 cilities and electric generation carbon sources 

22 that are near suitable geological reservoirs and 

23 could continue sequestration. To ensure reduced 

24 carbon dioxide emissions, the Secretary shall 

25 take necessary actions to provide for the integraVerDate Aug 31 2005 05:42 Aug 04, 2007 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H1933.RH H1933

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1 tion of the program under this paragraph with 

2 the long-term carbon dioxide sequestration dem3 onstrations described in paragraph (3). These ac4 tions should not delay implementation of the 

5 large-scale sequestration tests authorized in 

6 paragraph (3). 

7 ‘‘(B) TECHNOLOGIES.—The technologies re8 ferred to in subparagraph (A) are precombustion 

9 capture, post-combustion capture, and oxycom10 bustion. 

11 ‘‘(C) SCOPE OF AWARD.—An award under 

12 this paragraph shall be only for the portion of 

13 the project that carries out the large-scale cap14 ture (including purification and compression) of 

15 carbon dioxide, as well as the cost of transpor16 tation and injection of carbon dioxide. 

17 ‘‘(5) PREFERENCE IN PROJECT SELECTION FROM

18 MERITORIOUS PROPOSALS.—In making competitive 

19 awards under this subsection, subject to the require20 ments of section 989, the Secretary shall give pref21 erence to proposals from partnerships among indus22 trial, academic, and government entities. 

23 ‘‘(6) COST SHARING.—Activities under this sub24 section shall be considered research and development 

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1 ments of section 988(b), except that the Federal share 

2 of a project under paragraph (4) shall not exceed 50 

3 percent. 

4 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

5 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 

6 appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this 

7 section, other than subsection (c)(3) and (4)— 

8 ‘‘(A) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 

9 ‘‘(B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 

10 ‘‘(C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and 

11 ‘‘(D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 

12 ‘‘(2) SEQUESTRATION.—There are authorized to 

13 be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out sub14 section (c)(3)— 

15 ‘‘(A) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 

16 ‘‘(B) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 

17 ‘‘(C) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and 

18 ‘‘(D) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2011. 

19 ‘‘(3) CARBON CAPTURE.—There are authorized to 

20 be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out sub21 section (c)(4)— 

22 ‘‘(A) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; 

23 ‘‘(B) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; 

24 ‘‘(C) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and 

25 ‘‘(D) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.’’. 


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1 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS AMENDMENT.—The item re2 lating to section 963 in the table of contents for the Energy 

3 Policy Act of 2005 is amended to read as follows: 

‘‘Sec. 963. Carbon capture and storage research, development, and demonstration 

program.’’. 

4 SEC. 3. REVIEW OF LARGE-SCALE PROGRAMS. 

5 The Secretary of Energy shall enter into an arrange6 ment with the National Academy of Sciences for an inde7 pendent review and oversight, beginning in 2011, of the pro8 grams under section 963(c)(3) and (4) of the Energy Policy 

9 Act of 2005, as added by section 2 of this Act, to ensure 

10 that the benefits of such programs are maximized. Not later 

11 than January 1, 2012, the Secretary shall transmit to the 

12 Congress a report on the results of such review and over13 sight. 

14 SEC. 4. SAFETY RESEARCH. 

15 (a) PROGRAM.—The Assistant Administrator for Re16 search and Development of the Environmental Protection 

17 Agency shall conduct a research program to determine pro18 cedures necessary to protect public health, safety, and the 

19 environment from impacts that may be associated with cap20 ture, injection, and sequestration of greenhouse gases in sub21 terranean reservoirs. 

22 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 

23 authorized to be appropriated for carrying out this section 

24 $5,000,000 for each fiscal year. 


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1 SEC. 5. GEOLOGICAL SEQUESTRATION TRAINING AND RE2 SEARCH. 

3 (a) STUDY.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy shall 

5 enter into an arrangement with the National Acad6 emy of Sciences to undertake a study that— 

7 (A) defines an interdisciplinary program in 

8 geology, engineering, hydrology, environmental 

9 science, and related disciplines that will support 

10 the Nation’s capability to capture and sequester 

11 carbon dioxide from anthropogenic sources; 

12 (B) addresses undergraduate and graduate 

13 education, especially to help develop graduate 

14 level programs of research and instruction that 

15 lead to advanced degrees with emphasis on geo16 logical sequestration science; 

17 (C) develops guidelines for proposals from 

18 colleges and universities with substantial capa19 bilities in the required disciplines that wish to 

20 implement geological sequestration science pro21 grams that advance the Nation’s capacity to ad22 dress carbon management through geological se23 questration science; and 

24 (D) outlines a budget and recommendations 

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1 lish and carry out the grant program under sub2 section (b). 

3 (2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 

4 date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy 

5 shall transmit to the Congress a copy of the results of 

6 the study provided by the National Academy of 

7 Sciences under paragraph (1). 

8 (3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

9 There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec10 retary for carrying out this subsection $1,000,000 for 

11 fiscal year 2008. 

12 (b) GRANT PROGRAM.— 

13 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Energy, 

14 through the National Energy Technology Laboratory, 

15 shall establish a competitive grant program through 

16 which colleges and universities may apply for and re17 ceive 4-year grants for— 

18 (A) salary and startup costs for newly des19 ignated faculty positions in an integrated geo20 logical carbon sequestration science program; 

21 and 

22 (B) internships for graduate students in ge23 ological sequestration science. 

24 (2) RENEWAL.—Grants under this subsection 

25 shall be renewable for up to 2 additional 3-year 


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1 terms, based on performance criteria, established by 

2 the National Academy of Sciences study conducted 

3 under subsection (a), that include the number of grad4 uates of such programs. 

5 (3) INTERFACE WITH REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL

6 CARBON SEQUESTRATION PARTNERSHIPS.—To the 

7 greatest extent possible, geological carbon sequestra8 tion science programs supported under this subsection 

9 shall interface with the research of the Regional Car10 bon Sequestration Partnerships operated by the De11 partment of Energy to provide internships and prac12 tical training in carbon capture and geological se13 questration. 

14 (4) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

15 There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec16 retary for carrying out this subsection such sums as 

17 may be necessary. 

18 SEC. 6. UNIVERSITY BASED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 

19 GRANT PROGRAM. 

20 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Energy, in 

21 consultation with other appropriate agencies, shall establish 

22 a university based research and development program to 

23 study carbon capture and sequestration using the various 

24 types of coal. 


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1 (b) GRANTS.—Under this section, the Secretary shall 

2 award 5 grants for projects submitted by colleges or univer3 sities to study carbon capture and sequestration in conjunc4 tion with the recovery of oil and other enhanced elemental 

5 and mineral recovery. Consideration shall be given to areas 

6 that have regional sources of coal for the study of carbon 

7 capture and sequestration. 

8 (c) RURAL AND AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS.—The 

9 Secretary shall designate that at least 2 of these grants shall 

10 be awarded to rural or agricultural based institutions that 

11 offer interdisciplinary programs in the area of environ12 mental science to study carbon capture and sequestration 

13 in conjunction with the recovery of oil and other enhanced 

14 elemental and mineral recovery. 

15 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are 

16 to be authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry 

17 out this section. 


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Union Calendar No. 188 

110TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1933 

[Report No. 110

–301] 

A BILL 

To amend the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to reauother purposes. program of the Department of Energy, and for age research, development, and demonstration thorize and improve the carbon capture and storAUGUST 3, 2007 

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Comand ordered to be printed mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 


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