Hole-in-the-Rock Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .506 King Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507 Little Lagoon Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .508 Maund Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .509 Rocky Creek Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .510 Rooks Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .511 Sandbag Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .512 Sinai Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .513 Tanner Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .514 Twin Caves Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .515 Waddell Mill Pond Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .516 Webbville Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .517 White Cave Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .517 Jefferson County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .519 Wacissa River Springs Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .519 Brumbley Spring (JEF64991) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .519 Buzzard Log Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .520 Cassidy Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .521 Garner Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .522 Horsehead Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .523 Little Blue Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .524 Log Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .525 Maggie Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .525 Minnow Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .526 Thomas Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .527 Wacissa Spring No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .528 Wacissa Spring No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .528 Wacissa Spring No. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .529 Wacissa Unnamed Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .529 Lafayette County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .530 Convict Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .530

LAF57982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .531

LAF718971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .532

LAF718972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .533

LAF919972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .534

LAF922975 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .535

LAF922976 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .536

LAF924971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .537

LAF929971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .537

LAF929972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .538

LAF929973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539 Perry Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .540 Steinhatchee Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .541 Unnamed Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .542 Lake County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .543 Blackwater Springs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 Blue Algae Boil Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .544 Blueberry Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .545 Boulder Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .546



### 383 BULLETIN 66Camp Le No Che Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .547 Droty Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .548 Green Algae Boil Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .548 Holiday Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .549 Lake Blue Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .550 Markee Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .550 Moccasin Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .551 Mooring Cove Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .552 Mosquito Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .553 Palm Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .554 Sandy’s Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .555 Sharks Tooth Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .556 Snail Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .557 Sun Eden Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .558 Levy County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .559 Big King Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .559 Lancaster Spring (LEV97991) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .559

LEV719991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .560 Little Fanning Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .561 Little King Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .562 Wekiva Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .563 Madison County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .564 Fara Spring (MAD922977) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .564

MAD610981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .524

MAD612982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .565 Manatee County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .566 Manatee Mineral Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .566 Marion County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .567 Camp Seminole Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .567 Indian Creek Springs Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .567 Indian Creek Spring No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .567 Indian Creek Spring No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .568 Indian Creek Spring No. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .569 Morman Branch Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .570 Rainbow Springs Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .571 Rainbow Cave Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .571 Rainbow Spring No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .571 Rainbow Spring No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .571 Rainbow Spring No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .573 Rainbow Spring No. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .573 Rainbow Spring North . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .574 Rainbow Unnamed Swamp Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .574 Waterfall Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .576 Silver Springs Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .577 Jacob’s Well Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .577 Silver Spring No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .577 Silver Spring No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .578 Silver Spring No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .578 Silver Spring No. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .578



### 384 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEYSilver Spring No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .578 Silver Spring No. 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580 Silver Spring No. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580 Silver Spring No. 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580 Silver Spring No. 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580 Silver Spring No. 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580 Silver Spring No. 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .580 Silver Spring No. 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .581 Sweetwater Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .581 Tobacco Patch Landing Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .583 Wells Landing Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .584 Wilson Head Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .585 Orange County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .586 Sulfur Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .586 Witherington Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .587 Pasco County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .589 Horseshoe Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .589 Pinellas County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .590 Crystal Beach Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .590 Health Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591 Polk County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592 Kissengen Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592 Putnam County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .594 Forest Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .594 Mud Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .595 Nashua Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .596 Satsuma Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .597 Seminole County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .598 Clifton Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .598 Ginger Ale Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .599 Harden Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .600 Miami Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601 Nova Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .602 Suwannee County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603 Anderson Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603 Bathtub Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604 Betty Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .605 Blue Sink Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .606 Coffee Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .607 Cow Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .608 Devil’s Eye Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609 Hidden Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .610 Lime Run Spring (or Sink) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .611 Lime Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .612 Luraville Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .613 Orange Grove Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .614 Peacock Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .615 Royal Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .616 Shingle Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .617



### 385 BULLETIN 66Shirley Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .618 Stevenson Spring (SUW 923973) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .619 Suwannee Blue Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .620

SUW718971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .621

SUW725971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .622

SUW917971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .623

SUW922971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .624

SUW1017971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .625

SUW1017972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .626 Taylor County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .627 Beaver Creek Spring (TAY76992) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .627 Big Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .628 Bradley Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .629 Camp Ground Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .630 Cedar Island Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .630 Eva Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .631 Fenholloway Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .632 Folsom Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .633 Hampton Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .634 Jabo Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .635 Spring Warrior Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .636

TAY616992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .637

TAY69991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .638

TAY622991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .639

TAY76991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .640

TAY924991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .641

TAY924993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .641 Unnamed Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .642 Union County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .643 Worthington Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .643 Volusia County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .644 Gemini Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .644 Green Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .645 Wakulla County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .646 Indian Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .646 McBride Slough Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .647 Northside Spring No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .648 Northside Spring No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .649 Sally Ward Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .649 Wakulla No Name Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .650 Washington County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .651 Drinking Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .651 Galloway Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .651 Hightower Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .652 Jack Paul Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .653 Miller’s Ferry Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .654 Piney Wood Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .655 Skipper Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .656 Unnamed Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .657



### 386 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEYFigure 1. ALA930971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .393 Figure 2. ALA930972 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .394 Figure 3. Boulware Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .395 Figure 4. Darby Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396 Figure 5A. Glen Spring (photo by B. Osburn) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397 Figure 5B. Glen Spring (photo by B. Osburn) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397 Figure 6. Magnesia Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .398 Figure 7. Bluff Springs (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .399 Figure 8. Econfina Unnamed Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400 Figure 9. Pitt Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .401 Figure 10. Sylvan Springs No. 1 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402 Figure 11. Sylvan Springs No. 2 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403 Figure 12. Grotto Springs No. 1 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .404 Figure 13. Hamilton Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405 Figure 14. Sally Spring (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .406 Figure 15. Baird Spring No. 1 (photo by SWFWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408 Figure 16. Baird Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409 Figure 17. Banana Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .410 Figure 18. Bear Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411 Figure 19. Blue Hole Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .412 Figure 20 Bluebird Springs (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .413 Figure 21. Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414 Figure 22. Crab Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .415 Figure 23. Hall’s River Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .416 Figure 24. Homosassa Unnamed Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .417 Figure 25. Kings Bay Springs Group, Catfish Corner Spring (photo by Springs Fever) 419 Figure 26. Kings Bay Springs Group, Idiots Delight Spring (photo by SWFWMD) . . .420 Figure 27. Kings Bay Springs Group, Jurassic Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . .421 Figure 28. Kings Bay Springs Group, King Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . .422 Figure 29. Kings Bay Springs Group, Little Hidden Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . .423 Figure 30. Kings Bay Springs Group, Little Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . .423 Figure 31. Kings Bay Springs Group, Manatee Sanctuary Spring (photo by R. Means) 424 Figure 32. Potter Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426 Figure 33A. Pumphouse Springs (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427 Figure 33B. Pumphouse Springs (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428 Figure 34. Ruth Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .429 Figure 35. Three Sisters Springs (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430 Figure 36. Trotter Main Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431 Figure 37. W. W. Gay Spring No. 1 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .432 Figure 38. W. W. Gay Spring No. 2 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433 Figure 39. COL101971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .434 Figure 40. COL101974 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435 Figure 41. COL428981 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436 Figure 42. COL522981 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437 Figure 43. COL522982 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438 Figure 44. COL917971 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439 Figure 45. COL930971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440 Figure 46. COL1012971(photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .441 Figure 47. Jonathan Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .442



### 387 BULLETIN 66Figure 48. July Spring (photo by T. Scott) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .443 Figure 49. Mill Pond Springs (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .444 Figure 50. Rum Island Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .445 Figure 51. Sawdust Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446 Figure 52. Sunbeam Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .447 Figure 53. Wilson Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .448 Figure 54. DIX95971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .449 Figure 55. Little Copper Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .450 Figure 56. McCrabb Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .451 Figure 57. Pothole Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .452 Figure 58. Bear Creek Rise (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .454 Figure 59. Chattahoochee Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455 Figure 60. Bell Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456 Figure 61. Campground Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .457 Figure 62. Deer Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .458 Figure 63. Devil’s Eye Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .459 Figure 64. Dogwood Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460 Figure 65. GIL84971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .461 Figure 66. GIL99972 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .462 Figure 67. GIL928971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .463 Figure 68. GIL1012971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .464 Figure 69. GIL1012972 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .465 Figure 70. GIL1012973 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .466 Figure 71 Johnson Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .467 Figure 72. Lily Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .468 Figure 73. Little Blue Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .469 Figure 74. Little Devil Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .470 Figure 75. Lumbercamp Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .472 Figure 76. Naked Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .473 Figure 77. Oasis Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .474 Figure 78. Pickard Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .475 Figure 79. Trail Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .476 Figure 80. Twin Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .477 Figure 81. HAM610982 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .478 Figure 82. HAM610983 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .479 Figure 83. HAM610984 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .480 Figure 84. HAM612982 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .481 Figure 85. HAM923973 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .482 Figure 86. Morgan Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .483 Figure 87. Pot Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .484 Figure 88. Seven Sisters Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .485 Figure 89. Tanner Springs (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .486 Figure 90. White Springs (photo by T. Scott) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .487 Figure 91. White Springs (photo by anonymous) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .487 Figure 92. Aripeka Spring No. 1 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .488 Figure 93. Aripeka Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .489 Figure 94. Blind Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .490 Figure 95. Boat Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .491 Figure 96. Ryles Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .492



### 388 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEYFigure 97. Canal Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .494 Figure 98. Double Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495 Figure 99. Last Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .496 Figure 100. Lettuce Lake Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .497 Figure 101. Palma Ceia Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .498 Figure 102. Jackson Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .499 Figure 103. Thundering Springs (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .500 Figure 104. Vortex Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .501 Figure 105. Barrel Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502 Figure 106. Jackson Blue Spring Apalachicola (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503 Figure 107. Gator Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504 Figure 108A. Hill Springs (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .505 Figure 108B. Hill Springs (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .505 Figure 109. Hole-in-the-Rock Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .506 Figure 110. King Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507 Figure 111. Little Lagoon Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .508 Figure 112. Maund Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .509 Figure 113. Rocky Creek Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .510 Figure 114. Rooks Rprings (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .511 Figure 115. Sandbag Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .512 Figure 116. Sinai Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .513 Figure 117. Tanner Springs (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .514 Figure 118. Twin Caves Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .515 Figure 119. Waddell Mill Pond Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .516 Figure 120. Webbville Springs (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .517 Figure 121. White Cave Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .518 Figure 122. Wacissa River Springs Group, Brumbley Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . .519 Figure 123. Wacissa River Springs Group, Buzzard Log Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) 520 Figure 124. Wacissa River Springs Group, Cassidy Springs (photo by R. Means) . . . .521 Figure 125. Wacissa River Springs Group, Garner Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . .522 Figure 126. Wacissa River Springs Group, Horsehead Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) .523 Figure 127. Wacissa River Springs Group, Little Blue Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . .524 Figure 128. Wacissa River Springs Group, Log Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . .525 Figure 129. Wacissa River Springs Group, Minnow Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . .526 Figure 130. Wacissa River Springs Group, Thomas Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . .527 Figure 131. Wacissa River Springs Group, Wacissa Spring No. 3 (photo by R. Means) 528 Figure 132. Convict Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .530 Figure 133. LAF57982 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .531 Figure 134. LAF718971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .532 Figure 135. LAF718972 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .533 Figure 136. LAF919972 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .534 Figure 137. LAF922975 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .535 Figure 138. LAF922976 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .536 Figure 139. LAF929971 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .537 Figure 140. LAF929973 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539 Figure 141. Perry Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .540 Figure 142. Steinhatchee Spring (photo by R. Jones) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .541 Figure 143. Blackwater Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .543 Figure 144. Blue Algae Boil Spring (FGS photo archives) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .544



### 389 BULLETIN 66Figure 145. Blueberry Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .545 Figure 146. Boulder Springs (FGS photo archives) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .546 Figure 147. Camp Le No Che Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .547 Figure 148. Droty Spring (FGS photo archives) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .548 Figure 149. Holiday Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .549 Figure 150. Markee Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .550 Figure 151. Moccasin Spring (FGS photo archives) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .551 Figure 152. Mooring Cove Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .552 Figure 153. Mosquito Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .553 Figure 154. Palm Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .554 Figure 155. Sandy’s Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .555 Figure 156. Sharks Tooth Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .556 Figure 157. Snail Springs (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .557 Figure 158. Sun Eden Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .558 Figure 159. Lancaster Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .559 Figure 160. LEV 719991 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .560 Figure 161. Little Fanning Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .561 Figure 162. Little King Spring (photo by Springs Fever) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .562 Figure 163. Wekiva Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .563 Figure 164. MAD610981 (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .564 Figure 165. Manatee Mineral Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .566 Figure 166 Indian Creek Springs Group, Indian Creek Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .568 Figure 167. Indian Creek Springs Group, Indian Creek Spring No. 4 (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .569 Figure 168. Morman Branch Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .570 Figure 169. Rainbow Springs Group, Rainbow Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means) . . . .572 Figure 170. Rainbow Springs Group, Rainbow Spring No. 3 (photo by R. Meegan) . . .572 Figure 171. Rainbow Springs Group, Rainbow Spring No. 5 (photo by R. Meegan) . . .573 Figure 172. Rainbow Springs Group, Rainbow Spring No. 7 (photo by R. Means) . . . .574 Figure 173. Rainbow Springs Group, Rainbow Spring North (photo by R. Means) . . .575 Figure 174. Rainbow Springs Group, Rainbow Unnamed Swamp Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .575 Figure 175. Silver Springs Group, Jacob’s Well Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . .577 Figure 176. Silver Springs Group, Silver Spring No. 4 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . .579 Figure 177. Silver Springs Group, Silver Spring No. 5 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . .579 Figure 178A. Sweetwater Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .581 Figure 178B. Sweetwater Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .582 Figure 179. Tobacco Patch Landing Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .583 Figure 180. Wells Landing Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .584 Figure 181. Wilson Head Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .585 Figure 182A. Sulfur Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .586 Figure 182B. Sulfur Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .587 Figure 183. Witherington Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .588 Figure 184. Horseshoe Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .589 Figure 185. Crystal Beach Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .590 Figure 186. Health Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591 Figure 187. Kissengen Spring old photo (anonymous) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592 Figure 188. Kissengen Spring (photo by T. Scott) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592



### 390 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEYFigure 189. Forest Springs (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .594 Figure 190. Mud Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .595 Figure 191. Nashua Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .596 Figure 192. Satsuma Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .597 Figure 193. Clifton Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .598 Figure 194. Ginger Ale Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .599 Figure 195. Harden Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .600 Figure 196. Miami Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601 Figure 197. Nova Spring (FGS photo archives) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .602 Figure 198. Anderson Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603 Figure 199. Bathtub Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604 Figure 200. Betty Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .605 Figure 201. Blue Sink Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .606 Figure 202. Coffee Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .607 Figure 203. Cow Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .608 Figure 204. Devil’s Eye Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609 Figure 205. Hidden Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .610 Figure 206. Lime Run Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .611 Figure 207. Lime Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .612 Figure 208. Luraville Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .613 Figure 209. Orange Grove Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .614 Figure 210. Peacock Springs (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .615 Figure 211. Royal Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .616 Figure 212. Shingle Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .617 Figure 213. Shirley Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .618 Figure 214. Stevenson Spring (SUW 923973) (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .619 Figure 215. Suwannee Blue Springs (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .620 Figure 216. SUW718971 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .621 Figure 217. SUW725971 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .622 Figure 218. SUW917971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .623 Figure 219. SUW922971 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .624 Figure 220. SUW1017971 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .625 Figure 221. SUW1017972 (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .626 Figure 222. Beaver Creek Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .627 Figure 223. Big Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .628 Figure 224. Bradley Spring (photo by D. Hornsby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .629 Figure 225. Cedar Island Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .630 Figure 226. Eva Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .631 Figure 227. Fenholloway Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .632 Figure 228. Folsom Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .633 Figure 229. Hampton Spring (photo by R. Means) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .634 Figure 230. Jabo Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .635 Figure 231. Spring Warrior Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .636 Figure 232. TAY616992 (photo by A. WIllet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .637 Figure 233. TAY69991 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .638 Figure 234. TAY622991 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .639 Figure 235. TAY76991 (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .640 Figure 236. TAY924991 (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .641 Figure 237. TAY924993 (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .642



### 391 BULLETIN 66Figure 238. Worthington Spring (photo by T. Roberts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .643 Figure 239. Gemini Springs (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .644 Figure 240. Green Spring (photo by SJRWMD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .645 Figure 241. Indian Spring (photo by A. Willet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .646 Figure 242. McBride Slough Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .647 Figure 243. Northside Spring No. 1 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .648 Figure 244. Northside Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .649 Figure 245. Sally Ward Spring (photo by R. Meegan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .650 Figure 246. Galloway Spring (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .651 Figure 247. Hightower Springs (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .652 Figure 248. Jack Paul Springs (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .653 Figure 249. Miller’s Ferry Spring (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .654 Figure 250. Piney Wood Spring (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .655 Figure 251. Skipper Spring (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .656 Figure 252. Unnamed Spring (photo by A. Chelette) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .657



### 392 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEYDESCRIPTIONS OF ADDITIONAL SPRINGS

VISITED BY FGS SPRINGS TEAMS

Note: Descriptions include data from Springs Fever Internet site, Rosenau et al (1977) and various springs publications by the Water Management Districts.

During the nearly three years that FGS springs teams visited and described Florida’ssprings, water levels were low due to an extended drought. Because of the low water levels, the springs appeared differently and had different depths than the springs had during normal water levels.

ALACHUA COUNTY

ALA930971

Location – Lat. 29° 49’ 40.59” N, Long. 82° 38’ 27.01” W (NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 5, T. 8 S, R. 17 E). ALA930971 is located on the Santa Fe River 2.5 miles (4 km) west of High Springs. From the junction of US 441 and US 41 in High Springs, drive southwest on US 41 for 0.8 miles (1.3 km). Turn west (right) on SR 340 (Poe Springs Road) and travel 2.5 miles (4 km).Turn north (right) into Poe Spring County Park at the park sign. Once inside the park, follow signs to the boat ramp on the river. The spring is along the south bank of the Santa Fe River 0.8 miles (1.3 km) upstream from the county park boat ramp. BULLETIN 66

393 Figure 1. ALA930971 (photo by D. Hornsby).Description – ALA930971 vent is in the riverbed and feeds directly into the Santa Fe River. No spring boil was visible in February 2003 and the spring was barely detectable. Minimal aquatic vegetation can be seen growing in the tannic river water. Two large cypress treesgrowing along the bank denote the spring’s location. To the east is swampy lowland characterized by soft soils, cypress trees, and cypress knees giving way to a hardwood forest. Hornsby and Ceryak (1998) reported that the spring had a 10 ft (3.1 m) wide boil with a maximum depth-to-vent of 6.5 ft (2.0 m). The land surrounding the spring is owned by the Suwannee River Water Management District.

ALA930972

Location - Lat. 29° 50’ 40.49” N, Long. 82° 37’ 51.08” W (SE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 sec. 29, T. 7 S, R. 17 E). ALA930972 is located approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of the town of High Springs. From the intersection of US 27 and SR 45 in High Springs, travel 2.3 miles (3.7 km) northwest on US 27 to the Santa Fe River. Go 0.1 miles (0.16 km) past the river and turn north (right) into the River Rise Preserve State Park boat ramp parking area. The spring is across the Santa Fe River from the boat ramp.

Description – ALA930972 is in the riverbed and flows into the Santa Fe River. The depth to the spring vent is 15.0 ft (4.6 m) and the water clarity in the vicinity is excellent. Flow out of the vent produces a prominent boil that is approximately 2.0 ft (0.6 m) in diameter.The riverbank rises 6.0 ft (1.8 m) high from the surface of the spring and consists of limestone covered by a thin soil horizon. Forests along the riverbank are dominated by cypress, FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

394 Figure 2. ALA930972 (photo by D. Hornsby).oak, and palmetto. A rope swing and a large oak branch hang over the river directly beside the spring vent. The land surrounding the spring is owned by the Suwannee River Water Management District.

Boulware Spring

Location – Lat 29° 37’ 15.21” N, Long. 82° 18’ 25.91” W (NE1⁄4 NE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 sec. 16, T. 10 S, R. 20 E). Boulware Spring is located about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) miles southeast of Gainesville.

From the intersection of SR 331(Williston Rd) and CR 329 (4th Street) in southeast

Gainesville, travel 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast on 4th Street until reaching Boulware Springs Park on the west (right) side of the road. Turn into the park, and follow signs to the spring.

Description – Boulware Spring has been completely altered from its original state. Gainesville built a water treatment plant around it. Spring water flows from the base of a semicircular brick wall measuring 18 ft (5.5 m) in radius, and is contained within a cistern. Water exits the vent area and flows into a deeper part of the cistern, where Hydrilla and algae growth are extensive. Clear water flows south into the first of two 12 ft (3.7 m) by 20 ft (6.1 m) concrete retaining pools, both of which are covered with duckweed. Sand andaquatic plants cover the northwest ledge near where spring water issues. The spring disBULLETIN 66

395 Figure 3. Boulware Spring (photo by T. Roberts).charges into a stream, eventually entering into Payne’s Prairie. East of the cistern is an adjacent two story building that was once used for water treatment and distribution. Historically, this site was used as the city’s source of drinking water. Boulware Spring is now a city park.

Darby Spring

Location – Lat. 29° 51’ 09.42” N, Long. 82° 36’ 21.48” W (NE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 27, T. 7 S, R. 17 E). Darby Spring is located approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) north of High Springs. From the intersection of US 441 and CR 236 (Main Street) in High Springs, travel 1.8 miles (2.9 km) northwest on US 441 to the Santa Fe River. The spring is approximately 0.1 miles (0.16 km) upstream from the public boat ramp off SR 441 along the south bank of the Santa

Fe River.

Description – The Darby Spring pool has a diameter of 40 ft (12.2 m) and a depth of 10 ft (3.1 m). In December 2002, the spring pool had an abundance of aquatic vegetation and was covered with duckweed. The bottom of the pool and the spring vent were not discernable. During the December 2002 visit, the spring was no longer flowing and its run contained stagnant water. The run is 150 ft (45.7 m) long, 4.0 ft (1.2 m) wide and 0.5 ft (0.15 m) deep. The run bottom is soft detritus and is covered with leaves and tree branches. High ground surrounding the spring gently slopes upward to 7.0 ft (2.1 m). To the east, there is a large, grassy pasture. Darby Spring is located on wooded private property. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

396 Figure 4. Darby Spring (photo by D. Hornsby).Glen Spring BULLETIN 66

397 Figure 5A. Glen Spring (photo by B. Osburn).

Figure 5B. Glen Spring (photo by B. Osburn).Location – Lat. 29° 40’ 30.04” N, Long. 82° 20’ 52.44” W (SE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 sec. 30, T. 9 S, R. 20 E). Glen Spring is located in Gainesville. From the intersection of US 441 (NW 13 th St.) and Glen Springs Road, travel west on Glen Springs Road for approximately 0.5 miles (0.8 km). The spring is at the head of a ravine approximately 250 ft (76.2 m) southwest of the

road.

Description – Glen Spring has been altered into a series of adjoining swimming pools enclosed in concrete walls. The first pool contains the spring vent. It is 18 ft (5.5 m) long, 10 ft (3.1 m) wide, 4 ft (1.2 m) deep, and has exposed limestone near the vent. The spring pool has clear, blue-green water and a sand bottom. Water flows from the first pool into a larger swimming pool where green algae are abundant. The spring run is 500 ft (152.4 m) long, 2.5 ft (0.8 m) wide, 0.2 ft (0.06 m) deep. It flows southeast in a steep ravine into Hogtown Creek. The land around the spring slopes gently to 10 ft (3.1 m) above the water surface. Apartments and residences are visible nearby just north of the spring. A dense hardwood forest inhabits land adjacent to the spring and its run. The spring is located on private property, and appears to be in a state of disuse. Discharge on April 17, 2000, was 0.13 cfs (SJRWMD).

Magnesia Spring

Location – Lat. 29° 35’ 00.26” N, Long. 82° 08’ 58.54” W (SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 31, T. 10 S, R. 22 E). The spring is located approximately 4.0 miles (6.4 km) west of Hawthorne. Fromthe intersection of SR 20 (Hawthorne Road) and US 301/200 (Main St.) in Hawthorne, travFLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

398 Figure 6. Magnesia Spring (photo by A. Willet).el 0.4 miles (0.6 km) south on Main St. Turn west (right) onto CR 2082 and go 3.8 miles (6.1 km). Turn south (left) onto SE 161 st Terrace and proceed 0.4 miles (0.6 km) to the park containing Magnesia Spring.

Description – The spring vent is at the bottom of a 25 ft (7.6 m) deep oval, 60 ft. (18.3 m) by 75 ft. (22.9 m), concrete swimming pool filled with aquatic vegetation, green algae, and a variety of small fish. The spring water is slightly murky. Two artesian wells on either side of the pool supplement the flow of this spring. A small spring run, 4.0 ft (1.2 m) wide and 0.4 ft (0.1 m) deep, flows west 800 ft (243.8 m) into Lochloosa Creek. There are also two recreational swimming pools that can be filled by spring water. The spring is on private
property.

BAY COUNTY

Bluff Springs

Location

– Lat. 30° 25’ 30.96” N, Long. 85° 32’ 54.20” W (NE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 sec. 4, T. 1 S, R. 13 W). Bluff Springs are located approximately 18 miles (29 km) north of Panama City. From the intersection of US 231 and SR 20, travel west on SR 20 approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) to Econfina Creek. Put in at the canoe launch on the north side of the highway just east of the creek. Bluff Springs are located along the west bank of Econfina Creek approximately 0.7 miles (1.1 km) downstream from the canoe launch or about 750 ft (228.6 m) downstream from the Gainer Springs Group. BULLETIN 66

399 Figure 7. Bluff Springs (photo by R. Meegan).Description – Bluff Springs is a cluster of at least four springs emerging from fissures at the base of 20 ft (6.1 m) high limestone and sand bluffs. The largest spring vent issues into a 10 ft (3.1 m) diameter pool that measures 2.7 ft (0.8 m) in depth. A second and third vent are 25 ft (7.6 m) and 35 ft (10.7 m) to the north, respectively, and a fourth vent is 20 ft (6.1 m) to the south (downstream) of the main vent, all along the base of the bluff. The springshave clear water and sand bottoms. The springs flow 30 ft (9.1 m) due east through a shallow run into Econfina Creek. The bluff is covered with lush vegetation and exposed limestone is heavily scalloped. Surrounding lands are heavily forested in the lowlands along the creek and in the uplands to the west. Bluff Springs is surrounded by NWFWMD land.

Econfina Unnamed Spring

Location – Lat. 30° 25’ 53.46” N, Long. 85° 32’ 50.77” W (SE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 4, T. 1 S, R. 13 W). Econfina Unnamed Spring is located approximately 18 miles (29 km) north ofPanama City. From the intersection of US 231 and SR 20 travel west on SR 20 approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) to Econfina Creek. Just past the creek on the north (right) side of the road is Pitt Springs Recreation Area. From inside the recreation area, the spring can be accessed by following a hiking trail on the northwest side of the parkinglot. It is the second spring encountered on this trail before reaching Sylvan Springs and is 30 ft (9.1 m)

south of the trail.

Description – Econfina Unnamed Spring is a small spring with anirregular shaped spring pool measuring 15 ft (4.6 m) north to south and 10 ft (3.1 m) east to west. The spring pool is approximately 1 ft (0.3m) deep, and it has a sand and detritus bottom. Clear water issues from a small limestone opening; however,
no flow was evident in June 2003.The narrow spring run flows southward through a hardwood forest and flows through a pipe under SR 20. The spring is underneath a dense forest canopy within Northwest Florida Water Management District

lands. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

400 Figure 8. Econfina Unnamed Spring (photo by R. Means).Pitt Spring

Location – Lat. 30° 25’ 58.68” N, Long. 85° 32’ 47.14” W (NW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 4, T. 1 S, R. 13 W). Pitt Spring is located approximately 18 miles (29 km) north of Panama City. From the intersection of US 231 and SR 20 travel west on SR 20 approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) to Econfina Creek. Just past the creek on the north (right) side of the road is Pitt Springs Recreation Area. The spring is inside the recreation area.

Description – The entire spring pool is enclosed by a 5 ft (1.5 m) high stone retaining wall with wooden access walkways. Pitt Spring pool is 60 ft (18.3 m) in diameter. Depth over the vent is estimated at 8 ft (2.4 m). No vegetation grows in the spring pool and the bottom is bare white sand. The water is clear and blue. Stairs lead into the pool from the south side.The 1.5 ft (0.5 m) deep spring run flows 50 ft (15.2 m) east into the Econfina River, approximately 700 ft (213.4 m) north of the SR 20 bridge. A parking area is just east and north of the spring. The rest of the surrounding land is upland hardwood forest to the west and forested lowlands along Econfina Creek to the east. The spring has been developed by the Northwest Florida Water Management District into a popular recreation park featuring the spring, hiking trails, and access to Econfina Creek. BULLETIN 66

401 Figure 9. Pitt Spring (photo by R. Meegan).Sylvan Springs No. 1

Location – Lat. 30° 25’ 54.33” N, Long. 85° 32’ 53.60” W (SE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 4, T. 1 S, R. 13 W). Sylvan Springs No. 1 is located approximately 18 miles (29 km) north of Panama City. From the intersection of US 231 and SR 20 travel west on SR 20 approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) to Econfina Creek. Just past the creek on the north (right) side of the road is Pitt Springs Recreation Area. Park inside the recreation area. A hiking trail beginning at the north side of the parking lot leads to Sylvan Springs. It is the first spring encountered along the north (right) side of the trail.

Description – Sylvan Springs is comprised of as many as eight spring vents that are situated along a limestone fissure near the west side of a large, approximately 125 ft. (38.1 m) diameter, shallow spring pool. The spring pool averages 1 ft (0.3 m) deep with a maximum depth of 2 ft (0.6 m) over one of the vents. Sylvan Springs No. 1 has a sand and scalloped limestone bottom with some algae. The water is light blue and clear. The springhead is a wide, shallow, oval with two forested islands. Its spring run flows approximately 0.1 miles (0.16 km) north where it joins Econfina Creek. Eight feet (2.4 m) high vertical banks meet the pool’s edge on the south and west sides. Lands to the east and north are low-lying along Econfina Creek. All surroundings are heavily forested. A path and wooden bench are along the southwest side of the pool. Sylvan Springs No. 1 is pristine and within Northwest Florida Water Management District lands. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

402 Figure 10. Sylvan Springs No. 1 (photo by R. Meegan).Sylvan Springs No. 2

Location – Lat. 30° 25’ 53.80” N, Long. 85° 32’ 50.33” W (SE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 4, T. 1 S, R. 13 W). Sylvan Springs No. 2 is located approximately 18 miles (29 km) north of Panama City. From the intersection of US 231 and SR 20 travel west on SR 20 approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) to Econfina Creek. Just past the creek on the north (right) side of the road is Pitt Springs Recreation Area. Park inside the recreation area. A hiking trail beginning at thenorth side of the parking lot leads to Sylvan Spring No. 2. It is the second spring encountered along the north (right) side of the trail.

Description – Sylvan Spring No. 2 forms a circular pool directly adjacent to the hiking trail and about 600 ft (183 m) from the parking lot. The spring pool is 20 ft (6.1 m) in diameter with a sand and detritus bottom. In June 2003, the spring was stagnant, greenish, and barely flowing. The spring vent is located in a noticeably deeper spot in the center of thepool. Depth over the vent is estimated at 5 ft (1.6 m). The spring pool and spring run average 2 ft (0.6 m) deep. The spring run is as wide as the pool and flows northwest into Sylvan Spring Run. All surrounding lands are heavily forested. Sylvan Spring No. 2 is within Northwest Florida Water Management District lands. BULLETIN 66

403 Figure 11. Sylvan Springs No. 2 (photo by R. Meegan).BRADFORD COUNTY

HeilbronnSpring

Location - Lat. 30° 1’ 25.75” N, Long. 82° 9’ 22.06” W (sec. 30, T. 5 S, R. 12 E). Drive 5.8 miles (9.3 km) northwest of Starke on SR 16, from the junction with SR 301. Turn left on a dirt road just before the bridge. Drive 0.2 miles (0.3 km) to the spring

Description – A concrete wall encircles the spring pool of this private spring, therefore access was not permitted on the day of visit in February of 2003. Three homes are in close vicinity to the spring, as well as a dense forest of cypress trees and palmettos. Scattered sweet gum trees also surround the spring. North of the spring is Water Oak Creek, which is fed by seeps in the same general area as the spring pool. Spring Fever claims that this spring is 14.5 ft (4.4 m) deep and 10.0 ft (3.0 m) in diameter.

CALHOUN COUNTY

Grotto Springs

Location – Lat. 30° 35’ 57.88” N, Long. 85° 09’ 51.28” W (NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 sec. 5, T. 2 N, R. 9 W). Grotto Springs are located along the Chipola River approximately 9.3 miles (15 km)southwest of I-10 and are accessible by boat. From the intersection of I-10 and SR 71 travel south on SR 71 6.8 miles (10.9 km) to the intersection with CR 278 (Peacock Bridge Road). FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

404 Figure 12. Grotto Springs No. 1 (photo by R. Meegan).Turn west (right) onto CR 278 and drive 0.6 miles (1.0 km) to the boat ramp on the east side of the Chipola River. By boat, travel approximately 2.3 miles (3.7 km) downstream from the CR 278 boat ramp to the mouth of the spring run on the east (left) side of the river. The springs are about 0.2 miles (0.3 km) upstream at the head of the run. Access to the springs is by walking up the shallow spring run to its head.

Description – Grotto Springs consists of a cluster of at least four spring vents. The springs are situated at the head of an elongated and impounded portion of the uppermost part of the spring run. The impoundment at the head of the spring run is approximately 30 ft (9.1 m) wide and 150 ft (45.7 m) long. The main vent discharging the most flow emerges from a cave in 6 ft (1.8 m) high limestone bank on the northeast side of the impoundment. A second vent, composed of at least three shallow boils, is 20 ft (6.1 m) southeast and downstream of the main vent. The third spring vent issues from an orifice in limestone downstream from the first two vents. A fourth spring vent discharges from a square-shaped, man-made cut in limestone. Grotto Springs Run flows underneath a forest canopy about 1000 ft (304.8 m) southwest into the Chipola River. It has a limestone, sand, and gravel bottom. Surrounding lands are privately owned and heavily forested. Several sink depressions, caves, and karst windows are scattered throughout the uplands north and east of Grotto Springs.

Hamilton Spring

Location – Lat. 30° 31’ 09.30” N, Long. 85° 09’ 47.52” W (NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 5, T. 1 N, R. 9 W). Hamilton Spring is located along the Chipola River approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Altha and is accessible by boat. From Altha, drive west 2.3 miles (3.7 km) on BULLETIN 66

405 Figure 13. Hamilton Spring (photo by R. Means).CR 274 (Chipola Street). Turn north (right) onto a dirt road indicated by a public boat ramp sign. Follow the road 0.8 miles (1.3 km) to the boat ramp on the Chipola River. The spring is located just below Bullet Bend on the west bank of the Chipola River approximately 3.4 miles (5.5 km) south (downstream) of the boat ramp.

Description – Hamilton Spring pool is approximately 30 ft (9.1 m) north to south and 20 ft (6.1 m) east to west. The spring vent is in the south end of the oval shaped pool and issues clear, bluish water. Spring depth averages 3 ft (0.9 m). Hamilton Spring Run averages 3 ft(0.9 m) deep and 25 ft (7.6 m) wide. Both the spring and run have sand and limestone bottoms. The run travels 210 ft (64 m) north where it flows under a 20 ft (6.1 m) wide land bridge. Spring water reemerges on the other (north) side of the land bridge in what appears to be a separate spring pool with a slight boil on the water surface. Gentle flow in the pool travels northeast about 30 ft (9.1 m) toward a 4 ft (1.2 m) high berm that separates the spring waters from the adjacent Chipola River. Spring flow enters the river presumably underneath the berm. Hamilton Spring is within a forested lowland along the Chipola River bordered on the west by a steep 30 ft (9.1 m) high bluff and on the east by the river. Two houses are visible in the distance to the southwest and northwest of the spring on top of the bluffs. Two narrow PVC pipes lead down into the spring from the direction of the high ground.

Sally Spring FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

406 Figure 14. Sally Spring (photo by A. Chelette).Location – Lat. 30° 34’ 13.08” N, Long. 85° 10’ 24.31” W (NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 sec. 18, T. 2 N, R. 9 W). Sally Spring is located on the Chipola River approximately 2.8 miles (4.5 km) northwest of Altha and is accessible by boat. From Altha, drive west 2.3 miles (3.7 km) on CR 274 (Chipola Street). Turn north (right) onto a dirt road indicated by a public boat ramp sign. Follow the road 0.8 miles (1.3 km) to the boat ramp on the Chipola River. Sally Spring is on the east side of the river 1.8 miles (3.0 km) upstream from the boat ramp.

Description – Sally Spring sits in a semicircular cove along the banks of the Chipola River. The spring pool is 16 ft (4.9 m) in diameter and 4 ft (1.2 m) deep with a sand and limestonebottom. Spring water is clear and slightly bluish. A gentle boil is observed on the pool surface. The spring emerges from a cave at the base of 15 ft (4.6 m) high limestone river banks. The riparian corridor in the vicinity of the spring is forested, and planted pines grow in theuplands to the east. Sally Spring has virtually no spring run but there is a distinct interface between clear spring water and the darker, murky water of the Chipola River.

CITRUS COUNTY

Alligator Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 48’ 01.62” N, Long. 82° 35’ 16.71” W (SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). Alligator Spring is located within the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park. From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State Wildlife Park. Alligator Spring is within the park on the northeast side of the enclosed pool that contains live, captive alligators.

Description – Alligator Spring occupies a man-made spring pool measuring 150 ft (45.7 m) by 100 ft (30.5 m). Spring depth was estimated at 5 ft (1.5 m) to 8 ft (2.4 m) over the vent. A gentle spring boil was visible during the November 2003 visit. Water is clear near the spring vent; however, the rest of the spring pool has slightly murky water. The spring has a dark, detritus-covered sand bottom. There are approximately 25 captive alligators withinthe enclosed spring pool, which is a popular visitor attraction. The pool is fenced off and surrounded by a foot path. A footbridge and weir are located on the south side of the spring.Water flows from the spring pool through the weir and into an adjacent water-filled enclosure containing a captive hippopotamus. The spring run then flows 350 ft (106.7 m) southwest into the Homosassa River just below the head springs. The land surrounding Alligator Spring is part of the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park and contains trails, animal enclosures, and wildlife interpretive displays.

Baird Springs

Baird Springs consists of at least four different springs near the head of Baird Creek 0.5 miles (0.8 km) southwest of Chassahowitzka. From the intersection of US 98 and CR 480 in Chassahowitzka travel west 1.8 miles (2.9 km) on CR 480 to a boat ramp on the Chassahowitzka River. Baird Creek flows into the river from the south 0.55 miles (0.9 km) downstream from the Chassahowitzka boat ramp. Baird Springs and Creek are within the Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge, inside the large, heavily forested Chassahowitzka Swamp basin. BULLETIN 66

407Baird Spring No. 1

Location – Lat. 28° 42’ 26.91” N, Long. 82° 34’ 41.52” W (NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 35, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). Baird Spring No. 1 is located at the head of Baird Creek approximately 0.7 miles (1.1 km) upstream from the mouth of the creek.

Description – Baird Spring No. 1, forming the headwaters of Baird Creek, discharges from an elongated limestone fissure 3 ft (0.9 m) to 5 ft. (1.5 m) wide, 20 ft. (6.1 m) long and 6 ft (1.8 m) deep. During the April 2003 visit, there was very little flow and no visible boil. The water is clear and light blue. The spring has a sand bottom with limestone near the vent.Baird Creek initially averages 1 ft (0.3 m) deep and 5 ft (1.5 m) wide then widens and deepens downstream several hundred feet (one hundred meters). Baird Creek has a sand bottom. The spring is within a swamp forest.

Baird Spring No. 2

Location – Lat. 28° 42’ 29.88” N, Long. 82° 34’ 42.80” W (NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 35, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). Baird Spring No. 2 is located in a small cove off the east bank of Baird Creek approximately 400 ft (121.9 m) downstream from Baird Spring. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

408 Figure 15. Baird Spring No. 1 (photo by SWFWMD).Description – Baird Spring No. 2 has a maximum depth of 11 ft (3.4 m). No boil was observed on the spring surface in April 2003. The spring is clear and has a sand bottom. The spring is within a forested swamp.

Baird Spring No. 3

Location – Lat. 28° 42’ 32.86” N, Long. 82° 34’ 46.72” W (NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 35, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). Baird Spring No. 3 is located approximately 450 ft (137.2 m) downstream from Baird Spring No. 2.

Description – Baird Spring No. 3 occupies a large bowl-shaped depression on the east side of Baird Creek. Depth in the center of the spring measures 15.8 ft (4.8 m). The spring water is clear. No boil was observed in April 2003. Baird Spring No. 3 has a sand bottom. Surrounding land is heavily forested swampy lowlands.

Baird Spring No. 4

Location – Lat. 28° 42’ 33.33” N, Long. 82° 34’ 48.99” W (NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 35, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). Baird Spring No. 4 is located in a cove on the west side of Baird Creek 150 ft (45.7 m) downstream from Baird Spring No. 3. BULLETIN 66

409 Figure 16. Baird Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means).Description – Baird Spring No. 4 was slightly tannic in April 2003. The spring depression has a deep center with a maximum measured depth of 62 ft (18.9 m). No boil was visible during the April 2003 visit. Although the bottom could not be seen, the spring is believed to have steep limestone ledges. Baird Spring No. 4 is within heavily forested swampy lowlands.

Banana Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 48’ 03.64” N, Long. 82° 35’ 17.44” W (SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S,R. 17 E). Banana Spring is located southeast of the reptile house in a man-made pool within the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park. From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State Wildlife Park. Park officials report that the spring vent is beneath the overhanging banana trees on the north side of the pool.

Description – Banana Spring pool measures 60 ft (18.3 m) by 40 ft (12.2 m). There are two fountains within the spring pool. No spring boil was visible on the pool surface in November 2003, and the water was dark and murky. The spring run flows under a footbridge at the south end of the pool and into Alligator Spring. The combined flow enters the Homosassa River just downstream from Homosassa Springs. A gate across one of the Park’s bridgesblocks entrance to the spring run from the Homosassa River. Access to the spring is not permitted; however, the spring may be viewed from adjacent boardwalks. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

410 Figure 17. Banana Spring (photo by R. Meegan).Bear Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 48’ 06.47” N, Long. 82° 35’ 14.12” W (NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). Bear Spring is located within the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park at thehead of a spring run that, combined with Banana and Alligator Springs, flows southwesterly and joins the main Homosassa Springs, forming the head of the Homosassa River. Bear Spring is behind the black bear enclosure and aviary at the north end of the park. From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State

Wildlife Park.

Description – Bear Spring pool is elongated, measuring 60 ft (18.3 m) north-south and 20 ft (6.1 m) east-west. There are two small vents in the northern and eastern sections of the pool. Depth of the spring pool is estimated to be 5 ft (1.5 m). There were slight boils over each vent. In November 2003, the spring had clear water. The pool had a dark appearance because the spring bottom consisted of dark-colored detritus and some exposed sand. Hydrilla is present in the pool. A pipe from the aviary drains into the south side of Bear Spring pool. Bear Spring is within dense woods on the northeast side of Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park. Nearby there are boardwalks and animal enclosures to the south and

west. BULLETIN 66

411 Figure 18. Bear Spring (photo by R. Means).Blue Hole Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 47’ 55.63” N, Long. 82° 35’ 22.34” W (NE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). This spring is located within the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park just west of the education center. It is located on the south side of the Homosassa River 300 ft (91.4 m) downstream from a footbridge/barricade over Homosassa River. From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State Wildlife Park.

Description – Blue Hole Spring occupies a 75 ft (22.9 m) by 25 ft (7.6 m) cove off of theupper Homosassa River. The steep-sided spring vent issues blue water from under a wooden walk bridge. Limestone is exposed surrounding the vent, which is estimated at 15 ft (4.6 m) deep. No boil was visible during the November 2003 visit; however, the spring was observed flowing. The spring water flows north, directly into the Homosassa River. Blue Hole Spring is surrounded by a mixture of trees and grassy lawn. An education center is west of the spring, and a boardwalk passes over the spring along the Homosassa River. The spring can only be observed from the boardwalk.

Bluebird Springs

Location – Lat. 28° 47’ 20.38” N, Long. 82° 34’ 46.26” W (NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 34, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). Bluebird Spring is located in a municipal park off CR 490 (Yulee Drive) 0.9 mi (1.5 km) southeast of Homosassa Springs. From the intersection of US 19/98 and CR 490 head southwest on CR 490 approximately 0.7 miles (1.1 km) to the intersection with Bluebird FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

412 Figure 19. Blue Hole Spring (photo by R. Means).Springs Lane. Head south (left) on Bluebird Springs Lane approximately 0.2 miles (0.3 km) to the springs.

Description – Bluebird Springs has been enhanced with concrete walls creating a squareshaped spring pool near the vent. This portion of the spring pool measures 75 ft (22.9 m) east to west. The overall spring pool is approximately 120 ft (36.6 m) wide and 225 ft (68.6 m) long. Water issues from a limestone fissure. Depth over the fissure is 15 ft (4.6 m). The spring bottom consists of sand, detritus, and limestone. The spring water is clear with a greenish hue. Algae are abundant on all substrates in the slow-moving spring. Another spring vent is approximately 150 ft (45.7 m) east of the main vent, up a short, narrow runwhich converges with flow from the main vent. Limestone crops out near spring vents, otherwise, the bottom is sandy with aquatic vegetation common. Their combined flow travels south and west 280 ft (85.3 m) through a 100 ft (30.5 m) wide run with grassy lawn along its banks. It narrows to about 15 ft (4.6 m) wide and 3 ft (0.9 m) deep then enters low, swampy woodlands and flows under a dense forest canopy. From this point, the spring runtravels an unknown distance westward virtually parallel to the Homosassa River and is presumed to eventually enter the river. The area is a developed county park with facilities and picnic tables; however, no swimming is allowed in the springs. There was not enough flow to create boils on the spring surface in March 2003. BULLETIN 66

413 Figure 20. Bluebird Springs (photo by R. Means).Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2

Location – Lat. 28° 42’ 57.66” N, Long. 82° 34’ 31.63” W (NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 sec. 26, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). From Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, drive south on US 19/98 5.8 miles (9.3 km). Turn west (right) on CR 480 and drive about 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to the public boat access area. Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2 flows into the north side of the Chassahowitzka River 575 ft (175.3 m) upstream from the Chassahowitzka boat ramp.

Description – The Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2 spring pool measures 30 ft (9.1 m) from north to south and 20 ft (6.1 m) from east to west. The spring consists of at least five spring vents clustered on the bottom of Chassahowitzka Spring No. 1 spring run. Slight boils are visible over two of the vents. The deepest vent measures 9.7 ft (3.0 m). Hydrilla is abundant near the spring. A rusty, water-extraction pipe runs into one of the spring vents. The spring pool has a sand and limestone bottom. The spring water is clear and light blue. At least three of the spring vents tap into a single conduit. It is possible for a swimmer to enterone vent and exit through a different vent. Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2 is located approximately 175 ft (53.3 m) downstream from Chassahowitzka Spring No. 1. Spring water from Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2 discharges into the Chassahowitzka Spring No. 1 Run. Fromthis point, their combined flow travels approximately 100 ft (30.5 m) southwest down a shallow, limestone and sand-bottomed run into the upper Chassahowitzka River. Adjacent lands north, east and west are densely forested lowlands associated with the FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

414 Figure 21. Chassahowitzka Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Meegan).Chassahowitzka River, owned by the Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge. A private residence is visible 150 ft (45.7 m) southwest across the Chassahowitzka River.

Crab Spring (Crab Creek Spring)

Location – Lat. 28° 43’ 01.92” N, Long. 82° 34’ 33.07” W (SE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 26, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). From Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, drive south on US 19/98 5.8 miles (9.3 km). Turn west (right) on CR 480 and drive about 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to the public boat access area. Crab Spring Run enters the north side of the Chassahowitzka River 400 ft (121.9 m) downstream from the Chassahowitzka boat ramp. Crab Spring is at the head of the run near a private residence.

Description – The Crab Spring pool measures 75 ft (22.9 m) in diameter and it consists of at least four separate spring vents. The largest vent is on the east side of the spring pool with a depth of 8 ft (2.4 m). The water is bluish and slightly murky. Prominent boils occur over each vent. The spring pool bottom is sand and limestone near the vents but the rest of the pool is covered by aquatic grasses and exotic aquatic plants that have a thick brown algal coating. A private estate occupies the northern side of the spring pool with lowland forest surrounding the rest of the area. The spring flows 700 ft (213.4 m) southwest to the

Chassahowitzka River. BULLETIN 66

415 Figure 22. Crab Spring (photo by R. Means).Hall’s River Spring No. 2

Location – Lat. 28° 49’ 35.68” N, Long. 82° 34’ 59.63” W (SW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 15, T. 19 S, R. 17 E).This spring sits in the heavily vegetated channel of Hall’s River Head Spring Run approximately 0.2 miles (0.3 km) east of US 19, north of Homosassa Springs. The spring must be accessed by boat
from the Homosassa River. From

the intersection of US 98 and CR490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on

Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State Wildlife Park. There are several public andprivate boat landings in the vicinity.

Description – The Hall’s River Spring No. 2 spring pool measures 40 ft (12.2 m) north to south and 30 ft (9.1 m) east to west. The spring occupies a widening of Hall’s River Head Spring Run.Hall’s River Spring No. 2 discharges from a 1.5 ft (0.5 m) diameter opening in limestone. Several

additional small sand boils issue from the pool bottom. The bottom

is soft sand and detritus. The spring water is clear and light blue. Emergent and submerged vegetation are abundant along the spring run. Combined flow from Hall’s River Head Spring and Hall’s River Spring No. 2 travels west approximately 300 ft (91.4 m) through a 2 ft (0.6 m) deep, 8 ft (2.4 m) wide spring run that enters the uppermost portion of Hall’s River from the east. An extensive canal system exists upstream from where the spring enters Hall’s River. Residences are scattered along the modified banks of Hall’s River approximately 400 ft (121.9 m) to the northeast of the Hall’s River Spring No. 2, but the spring itself is surrounded by forested lowlands. Hall’s River Head Spring is located approximately 900 ft (274.3 m) upstream from Hall’s River Spring No. 2. The head spring is difficult to reach. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

416 Figure 23. Hall’s River Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means).Homosassa Unnamed Spring No. 1

Location – Lat. 28° 47’ 53.87” N, Long. 82° 35’ 23.74” W (NW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park. Homosassa Unnamed Spring No. 1 is located immediately west of the wooden observation deck off the bank of the Homosassa River within the state park.

Description – Homosassa Unnamed Spring No. 1 occupies a bowl-shaped depression in a widened section of the upper Homosassa River. The underwater depression is estimated tobe 25 ft (7.6 m) in diameter. Depth over the vent measured 13.7 ft (4.2 m) with the surrounding river averaging 5 ft (1.5 m) deep. Water is clear and light blue-green. The spring has a sand bottom. This spring was not flowing appreciably during the November 2003 visit.

Homosassa Unnamed Spring No. 2

Location – Lat. 28° 47’ 52.92” N, Long. 82° 35’ 22.74” W (SE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State Wildlife Park. This small spring occupies a cove adjacent to the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park education pavilion. It is approximately 100 ft (30.5 m) south of the park’s wooden observation deck overlooking the Homosassa River. BULLETIN 66

417 Figure 24. Homosassa Unnamed Spring No. 2 (photo by R. Means).Description – The spring pool measures 25 ft (7.6 m) in diameter and is 3.1 ft (0.9 m) deep. The spring water is clear and greenish. A short, shallow spring run flows 30 ft (9.1 m) north into the Homosassa River. The spring and its run are stagnant. The bottom is sand with abundant algae and detritus. During the November 2003 visit, the spring was not flowing appreciably.

House Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 53’ 50.28 ” N, Long. 82° 35’27.60” W (NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 sec. 21, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The spring is located within the city of Crystal River. From the intersection of US

98 and NE 3 rd street head west on NE 3 rd street for approximately 0.3 mile (0.5 km). The spring is situated behind a row of houses on the north side of NE 3 rd Street.

Description – House Spring has an oval shaped spring pool. In January 2003, the spring was stagnant, and no boil was observed on the spring surface. The spring pool bottom had an abundance of tree debris and leaves. House Spring is surrounded by private residences, and is under a tree and plant canopy. During the January 2003 visit, House Spring was not flowing

. Kings Bay Springs Group

Group Location-Lat. 28° 53” N., Long. 82° 35” W. (sections 20, 21 and 28, T. 18 S., R. 17 E.). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay.

Group Description- There are about 30 known springs, including Tarpon Hole and Hunter Spring, that either issue from the bottom of Kings Bay or flow into the bay from side creeks. Their combined flow feeds Crystal River, which flows approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) northwest to the Gulf of Mexico. Surrounding land is coastal lowlands with brackish marsh and hardwood-palm hammock to the west and the City of Crystal River to the east. The whole system is tidally influenced, and Kings Bay is brackish. Rosenau et al. (1977) referred to these springs as the Crystal River Springs Group.

BLACK SPRINGS - Lat. 28° 52’ 38.28 ” N, Long. 82° 35’ 56.40” W (SW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. The spring is located in a small cove on the south end of Kings Bay approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of Crystal River. Black Springs occupies an oval spring pool that measures 35 ft (10.7 m) by 60 ft (18.3 m). Several spring vents and a fissure feed into the spring pool. Prominent boilscan be seen on the spring surface over the vents. The spring water is clear with a lightly tannic hue. The spring bottom consists of sand, algae-covered limestone, fine silt, and tree debris. The spring pool flows in a northwesterly direction, into a canal, which, in turn, leadsinto Kings Bay. The banks of the spring are heavily vegetated. Residential properties encircle the spring pool and nearby canal system. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

418CATFISH CORNER SPRING

- Lat. 28° 53’ 52.80” N, Long. 82° 35’ 56.40” W (NE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 SW1⁄4 sec. 21, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. Catfish Corner Spring is at the end of a dock in Kings Bay, just west of the boat ramp at the Best Western Hotel in Crystal River (off US 19/98). Catfish Corner Spring flows from a vent directly into Kings Bay. The vent appears to be approximately 3 ft (0.9 m) in diameter. Water depth atthe spring vent is approximately 18 ft (5.5 m). The vent was not visible from the water surface in January 2003 because of turbid conditions; however, the spring produced a prominent boil on the water surface. Catfish Corner Spring is surrounded by private residences and commercial property. There is a boat dock within 50 ft (15.2 m) of the spring.

IDIOT’S DELIGHT SPRING - Lat. 28° 53’ 16.63” N, Long. 82° 35’ 22.03” W (SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. Idiot’s Delight Spring is located along a canal in Kings Bay 0.4 miles (0.6 km) northeast of Paradise Point.Rosenau et al (1977) indicate that Idiot’s Delight Spring issues from a group of three vertical shafts the largest of which is five feet (1.5 m) in diameter. The spring is in a canal created by the channelization of natural tidal creeks and spring runs and by canal construction which occurred as development surrounded Kings Bay. The spring waters are clear and blue-greenish. A slight boil is visible on the surface of the canal over the vent. Depth over the vent measures 6.0 ft (1.8 m). The bottom is algae laden and sandy with some exposed limestone. Three Sisters Springs mouth is situated approximately 30 ft (9.1 m) north of this spring. This spring is a snorkeling and diving hot spot. BULLETIN 66

419 Figure 25. Kings Bay Springs Group, Catfish Corner Spring (photo by Springs Fever).JURASSIC SPRING - Lat. 28° 53’ 42.27” N, Long. 82° 35’ 23.71” W (SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 sec. 21, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can beaccessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. Jurassic Spring is located in a cove along the east side of Hunter Spring Run, approximately 800 ft (243.8 m) east of Hunter Spring. Jurassic Spring occupies a cove opening that is blocked off by a floating PVC pipe. The spring cove mouth measures 100 ft (30.5 m) wide north to south. Depth of the spring is estimated at 10-12 ft (3.1-3.7 m). The spring bottom consists of sand and silt.The water is clear and greenish. No boil was seen in November 2003. There are private residences on the north and south sides of the spring. The south side has private docks. There are a few cedar and palm trees around the banks. This spring appears to be a swimming area for local residents. Discharge from Jurassic Spring flows directly into Hunter Spring Run. Hunter Spring Run appears to have been heavily channelized to accommodate boat traffic. Hunter Spring Run has heavy development on both sides.

KING SPRING - Lat. 28° 52’ 54.19” N, Long. 82° 35’ 42.18” W (SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. King Spring is located onthe south side of Banana Island in Kings Bay, just outside Crystal River. King Spring is situated 85 ft (25.9 m) southwest of Tarpon Hole Spring. King Spring’s boil is visible on the bay surface. The spring bottom around the vent is sand and limestone. Depth over the vent is estimated at 15 ft (4.6 m). The spring water typically is clear, but bay water influence sometimes causes limited visibility. King Spring occupies a spring alcove on the south side of Banana Island in Kings Bay. Banana Island is completely forested. Other springs in the same alcove include Tarpon Hole and Mullet’s Gullet. King Spring, along with Tarpon Hole, FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

420 Figure 26. Kings Bay Springs Group, Idiots Delight Spring (photo by SWFWMD).is one of the most popular snorkeling and scuba diving destinations in the area as encounters with manatees are frequent. However, the area surrounding these springs is closed off during certain months for manatee protection. King Spring is within the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge.

KINGS BAY SPRING NO. 1 - Lat. 28° 53’ 17.34” N, Long. 82° 35’ 23.06” W (SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. The spring is located along a canal in Kings Bay 0.4 miles (0.6 km) northeast of Paradise Point, approximately 50ft (15.2 m) northwest of the mouth of Three Sisters Springs. Kings Bay Spring No. 1 occupies a cove on the north side of an east-west trending canal on the east side of Kings Bay. The spring pool is roughly circular with a diameter of approximately 20 ft (6.1 m). Waterdepth measures 6.4 ft (2.0 m) over the vent. Clear, bluish water issues from the small, circular vent. The bottom is sand with some dark silt and detritus. Limestone is exposed inside the vent opening. A thick layer of dark green algae covers the majority of the bottom. The land immediately surrounding the spring, on the north side of the canal, is private and undeveloped and supports a hardwood and palm forest and some open marsh land. The south side of the canal is developed with dense housing. This spring is a swimming and snorkeling hot spot. BULLETIN 66

421 Figure 27. Kings Bay Springs Group, Jurassic Spring (photo by R. Means).LITTLE HIDDEN SPRING - Lat. 28° 53’ 08.81” N, Long. 82° 35’ 38.62” W (NE1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. Little Hidden Spring is located on the north side of Parker Island within Kings Bay just west of Crystal River. Little Hidden Spring occupies a spring pool that measures 35 ft (11 m) east to west and 25 ft (7.6 m) north to south. There are two separate spring vents within the pool, an east and a west vent. Depths in the spring range from 2 ft to 4 ft (0.6 and 1.2 m) over the east and west vents, respectively. The spring pool has a sand bottom with some aquatic vegetation. The spring water is clear and colorless. Both spring vents produce slight boils on the spring surface. Little Hidden Spring is underneath a forest canopy. Its short spring run is 10 ft (3.1 m) wide, 1 ft (0.3 m) deep, and flows 50 ft (15 m) north into a narrow passage between Parker Island and the mainland. Parker Island is a forested island within the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge.

LITTLE SPRING (INDEPENDENCE SPRING) - Lat. 28° 54’ 01.19” N, Long. 82° 35’43.33” W (NW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 21, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. This spring is located in Bicentennial Park in Crystal River. It is 50 ft (15.2 m) north of the Crystal River Police Station and City Hall. Little Spring is surrounded by a 4 ft (1.2 m) high retaining wall. It has an oval-shaped spring pool that measures 80 ft (24.4 m) by 70 ft (21.3 m). The depth is estimated to be approximately 3 ft (0.9 m). Several spring vents FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

422 Figure 28. Kings Bay Springs Group, King Spring (photo by R. Meegan).BULLETIN 66

423 Figure 29. Kings Bay Springs Group, Little Hidden Spring (photo by R. Meegan).

Figure 30. Kings Bay Springs Group, Little Spring (photo by R. Meegan).are reported to be within the spring pool. There is a 20 ft (6.1 m) high water fountain in the center of the pool. Due to the turbulence caused by the fountain, no visible boil or vent could be seen during the October 2003 visit. The spring water is slightly murky and light blue. The pool is filled with exotic aquatic vegetation. The spring run flows north approximately 30 ft (9.1 m) through a narrow cut in the wall and underneath a green wooden foot bridge. It then joins with another clear stream that has been channelized. The combined flow headseast under US 19 and into Kings Bay. The spring is part of a city picnic area and is surrounded by grassy lawns and buildings. Swimming is not allowed.

MANATEE SANCTUARY SPRING - Lat. 28° 53’ 26.86” N, Long. 82° 35’ 33.37” W (NW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. Manatee Sanctuary Spring is located on the bottom of a north-south trending canal off of the east side of Kings Bay. The canal entrance is northeast of the northern tip of Buzzard Island. The Manatee Sanctuary Spring pool is beneath canal waters and is denoted by a deeper section of the canal along its east side. The bowl shaped depression is 24.9 ft (7.6 m) deep. Sand, mud, and limestone are exposed on the spring bottom. Canal and spring waterare blue and clear. The spring discharges from a small vent in the bottom of the depression. No boil on the water surface was visible during the November 2003 visit. The east side of the spring is undeveloped with a line of cedar trees at the waters edge. Residences are present along the canal’s west side. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

424 Figure 31. Kings Bay Springs Group, Manatee Sanctuary Spring (photo by R. Means).BULLETIN 66

425 MILLER’S CREEK SPRING - Lat. 28° 54’ 03.96 ” N, Long. 82° 36’13.68” W (NW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 20, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of the city of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. Miller’s Creek Spring is located east of Crystal River at the head of Miller Creek. Miller’s Creek Spring discharges from beneath a mud bank at a depth of 1.0 ft (0.3 m), with no distinct spring pool. The spring produces a prominent turbulence underneath a dense covering of vegetation around the spring edge. The water is clear with a light yellowish-brown hue. The spring discharges straight into a spring run which feeds into Millers Creek, a tributary of the Crystal River. It is 32 ft (9.8 m) long, 3 ft (0.9 m) wide, and approximately 4 ft (1.2 m) in depth. The run has a mud and detritus bottom. Miller’s Creek Spring is situated on private land that is forested with pines, palmetto, and some saw grass.Potter Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 43’ 53.76” N, Long. 82° 35’ 47.56” W (SE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 22, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). The spring is located 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Chassahowitzka at the head of Potter Creek. From Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, drive south on US 19/98 5.8miles (9.3 km). Turn west (right) on CR 480 and drive about 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to the public boat access area. Potter Creek enters the north side of the Chassahowitzka River 1.5 miles (2.4 km) downstream from the Chassahowitzka boat ramp.

Description – The Potter Spring pool measures 50 ft (15.2 m) in diameter. Depth over the vent is 15.2 ft (4.6 m); however the rest of the pool is shallow, averaging 2ft (0.6 m) deep. Some limestone is present at the vent but the rest of the area has a soft sand bottom. The water is clear, light yellow-greenish. There is an abundance of aquatic vegetation that is coated with brown algae. During the April 2003 visit, there was very little flow fromthis spring and no boil was visible on the spring surface. The narrow spring run of Ruth Spring enters Potter Spring pool from the northeast.

Combined flow from Ruth and Potter Springs forms Potter

Creek which travels south 0.75 miles (1.2 km) down a 50 ft (15.2 m) wide run that is thick with aquatic vegetation. It has an average depth of 2 ft (0.6 m).

There are numerous limestone

boulders in the run that make portages necessary when canoeing. Native aquatic grasses are abundant in the

sand and limestone-bottomed spring run. The run empties
into the north side of the middle Chassahowitzka River. Potter Spring is within the

Chassahowitzka NationalWildlife Refuge and surrounded by dense palm and hardwood forest. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

426 Figure 32. Potter Spring (photo by R. Means).Pumphouse Springs

Location – Lat. 28° 47’ 47.38” N, Long. 82° 35’ 17.86” W (SE1⁄4 SW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). The spring is located on private property approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) southwest of Homosassa Springs. It is at the head of a cove on the south side of a tributary of the Homosassa River. Spring Cove Road is approximately 30 ft (9.1 m) south of the spring which is enclosed by a chain link fence.

Description – Pumphouse Springs has a 2 ft (0.6 m) high concrete retaining wall on its east bank. The spring consists of at least 3 separate small vents, each producing a small boil on the pool surface. The spring pool is 15 ft (4.6 m) to 20 ft (6.1 m) in diameter and is shallow, averaging 3 ft (0.9 m) deep. The water is clear and has a hydrogen sulfide odor. Large,algae-covered limestone boulders are exposed throughout the spring bottom. An old building is next to the spring. The sand and limestone-bottomed run from Pumphouse Springs flows northwest approximately 200 ft (61m) and joins Trotter Spring Run. Their combined

flow travels northwest into the Homosassa River. BULLETIN 66

427 Figure 33a. Pumphouse Springs (photo by R. Meegan).Ruth Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 43’ 56.88” N, Long. 82° 35’ 42.21” W (SW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 22, T. 20 S, R. 17 E). Ruth Spring is located 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of the community of Chassahowitzka. Ruth Spring feeds into the north side of Potter Creek. The spring is up a 0.1 mile (0.2 km) narrow, winding spring run that enters Potter Spring pool from the northeast. Potter Creek enters from the north into the Chassahowitzka River 1.5 miles (2.4 km) downstream from the Chassahowitzka boat ramp. From Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, drive south on US 19/98 5.8 miles (9.3 km). Turn west (right) on CR 480 and drive about 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to the public boat access area.

Description – Ruth Spring is composed of two or three separate spring vents. The head spring measures 25 ft (7.6 m) north to south and 17 ft (5.2 m) east to west and is 6.6 ft (2 m) deep. It has no visible boil and has a sand and limestone rubble bottom with abundant logs and detritus. There are areas of thick muck accumulation. Forty feet (12.2 m) downstreamfrom the head spring, the second spring vent discharges out of an elongated crack in limestone measuring 20 ft (6.1 m) long, with depths reaching 12 ft (3.7 m). A third small ventoccurs near this vent but is not easily reached. From here, Ruth Spring Run travels approximately 0.1 miles (0.16 km) south and west down a swift narrow run that averages 6 ft (1.8 m) wide and 3 ft (0.9 m) deep. Ruth Spring and Run are under a hardwood and palm forest canopy. All surrounding land consists of heavily forested lowland owned by the Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

428 Figure 33b. Pumphouse Springs (photo by R. Meegan).Three Sisters Springs

Location – Lat. 28° 53’ 19.41” N, Long. 82° 35’ 21.09” W (SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). The Kings Bay Springs Group is located in Kings Bay west of Crystal River. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay. This grouping of secluded spring ventsis hidden up a small spring run on a tributary of Kings Bay in Crystal River. The tributary enters the east side of Kings Bay 0.1 miles (0.2 km) south of Pete’s Pier; a bridge crosses over the mouth. Three Sisters Springs Run flows into the north side of a canal that accesses eastern Kings Bay, 0.4 miles (0.6 km) east of the bridge over the mouth of the canal.

Description – Three Sisters Springs consists of three main spring vents in separate spring pools at the head of a short spring run. The east spring averages 13 ft (4 m) deep with 2 adjoining conical depressions in sand and a spring pool up to 100 ft (30.5 m) wide. The north vent is approximately 40 ft (12.2 m) by 30 ft (9.1 m) wide and 15 ft (4.6 m) deep. It occupies a conical depression in sand. The west vent is approximately 8 ft (2.4 m) deep and the poolis approximately 45 ft (13.7 m) across. Flow from the three springs converges in a centralized, shallow, sand-bottomed pool containing additional sand boils. The spring water is clear and light bluish. Some algae are present on submerged logs within the spring system. BULLETIN 66

429 Figure 34. Ruth Spring (photo by R. Means).Three Sisters Springs Run flows 150 ft (45.7 m) southwest before joining an east-west running canal that accesses eastern Kings Bay. The springs’ mouth has a piling barricade at the entrance. No boats are allowed in the springs run, but swimming up the springs run into the springs is allowed. Adjoining lands are privately owned and forested. Land on the south side of the canal has residential housing with many boat docks. Idiot’s Delight Spring is located in the canal 40 ft (12.2 m) southeast of the mouth of Three Sisters Springs.

Trotter Main Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 47’ 47.32” N, Long. 82° 35’ 11.03” W (SW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NE1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 19 S, R. 17 E). This spring forms the head of a tributary to the Homosassa River, which enters the River just south of the observation deck for Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park. Fishbowl Drive crosses over the mouth of the tributary. From the intersection of US 98 and CR 490A in Homosassa Springs, travel west on CR 490A for 0.6 miles (1.0 km). Turn south (left) on Fishbowl Drive and travel 0.3 miles (0.5 km) to the State Wildlife Park.

Description – Trotter Main Spring issues from a 2 ft long (0.6 m) limestone fissure 5 ft (1.5 m) downstream from a private footbridge over the spring. Depth measured over the vent is 10.1 ft (3.1 m). The spring pool averages 2 ft (0.6 m) deep and has an abundance of algae.Some limestone is exposed around the vent and along the run. The spring is on privatelyowned property. The spring run travels 0.25 miles (0.4 km) northwest, joining the east side of the upper Homosassa River. Approximately 0.15 miles (0.24 km) downstream, Pumphouse Spring enters from the south. FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

430 Figure 35. Three Sisters Springs (photo by R. Means).Unnamed Spring

Location – Lat. 28° 53’ 01.37” N, Long. 82° 35’ 43.25” W (SW1⁄4 SE1⁄4 NW1⁄4 sec. 28, T. 18 S, R. 17 E). This unnamed spring occupies a small cove on the north side of Banana Island in Kings Bay. The cove is 250 ft (76.2 m) southwest of Parker Island. Coming into Crystal River from the north on US 19/98, King’s Bay can be accessed via numerous boat landings north and south of the Bay.

Description – The unnamed spring pool measures 20 ft (6.1 m) in diameter. The vent in the center of the pool is 1 ft (0.3 m) in diameter. Depth is 1.5 ft (0.5 m) at low tide. A small boil on the water surface can be seen at low tide. The spring has clear water, and the pool bottom is soft sand and mud. Abundant exotic aquatic vegetation and algae are present. Additional springs within a 100 ft (30.5 m) radius northward consist of small sand boils that discharge clear water into a tidally influenced, sand and mud bottomed portion of Kings Bay on the north side of Banana Island. Sawgrass flats border the unnamed spring on the south, east, and west sides; Kings Bay is to the north. The island is forested in its interior and owned by the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge. BULLETIN 66

431 Figure 36. Trotter Main Spring (photo by R. Meegan).CLAY COUNTY

Wadesboro Spring

Location

– Lat. 30° 09’ 27.00” N, Long. 81° 43’ 21.36” W (sec. 41 (irregular section), T. 4 S,R. 26 E). The spring is located in Orange Park just north of Doctor’s Lake. From the intersection of US 17 and CR 224 in Orange Park drive west on CR 224 (Kingsley Avenue) approximately 0.6 mi (1 km) to the intersection with CR 224A. Turn south (left) onto CR 224A and drive approximately 0.9 miles (1.4 km). The spring is on the south (left) side of the road and discharges to Doctor’s Lake. The spring is privately owned and access is

restricted.

Description – Wadesboro Spring is within a 4 ft (1.2 m) high concrete enclosure at the head of a ravine. The rectangular spring pool is approximately 25 ft (7.6 m) long, 15 ft (4.6 m) wide, and averages 2 ft (0.6 m) deep. The spring vent consists of a sand boil at the base of the southwest side of the pool. The water is clear and light greenish. The spring bottom is sand. Copper colored iron-reducing bacteria and brown algae cover the spring wall andparts of the bottom. The run is 5 ft (1.5 m) wide, 0.5 ft (0.15 m) deep, and flows approximately 0.25 miles (0.4 km) southeast through a ravine into the northeastern portion of Doctor’s Lake. The spring and run lie within a sparsely wooded corridor surrounded by developed lands. Private residences surround the spring, and access is restricted. Wadesboro Spring apparently was once used for swimming; however, the spring is no longer used. The mean discharge of Wadesboro Spring between 1972 and 2000 was 0.99 ft3/s (6)

.

W.W. Gay Spring No. 1 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

432 Figure 37. W. W. Gay Spring No. 1 (photo by T. Roberts).