|APPENDIX�O�-�Chapter�4�(Test)�-�Temporary�Duty�(TDY)�TRAVEL�ENTITLEMENTS
        T4030��GETTING�THERE�AND�BACK�(TRANSPORTATION�ENTITLEMENTS)
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| | T4030� GETTING THERE AND BACK (TRANSPORTATION ENTITLEMENTS) | 
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| | A.� Type of Travel. | 
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| | The AO may direct travel by any mode (e.g., Government or commercial air, bus, train) except the AO can't require the traveler to use a personal or rental vehicle for official travel. If a certain mode is directed and another mode is used, reimbursement is not authorized. | 
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| | B.� Commercial Transportation.� | 
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| | The CTO must arrange commercial transportation in accordance with law, Government policies, agreements and contracted rates using American flag carriers and coach accommodations whenever possible.� The AO may authorize the CTO to arrange other than contract flights, or to arrange foreign flag carriers, or premium (but not first) class accommodations when needed to fulfill a documented mission requirement as specified in par. T4060-B1.� Only the traveler's Service or Agency Headquarters may authorize reimbursement for first-class accommodations. | 
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| | C.� Rental Vehicles (Includes Aircraft).� | 
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| | When use of a rental vehicle is authorized for official business by the AO, reimbursement is authorized for the rental costs, taxes and local assessments on rental vehicle users, necessary gas and oil, landing and tiedown fees, and transportation to and from the rental facility.� When possible, the CTO reserves a rental vehicle from a Government contracted agency; the contract includes collision damage waiver coverage in the rental rate, and additional coverage should, therefore, be declined.� Travelers won't be reimbursed for the extra cost if it is not declined. When the standard size rental, compact cars, won't meet requirements, the AO may authorize the size vehicle appropriate to the mission.� Claims for damage to rental vehicles are adjudicated through the respective Judge Advocate General. | 
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| | D.� Government Transportation | 
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| | 1.� The TO arranges international government airlift under Air Mobility Command (AMC) contract/control, when it is available and satisfies mission requirements. | 
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| | 2.� The TO provides Government ground transportation. (Within the Navy, Government vehicles are obtained directly from the providers, normally Public Works.)� Only use Government transportation for official business to go to and from: the TDY location, where the traveler is staying, places to eat, and other places for comfort and health reasons.� If it is used for any other purpose and the traveler has an accident, the traveler may have to cover the expenses and liabilities.� Use Government servicing for the vehicle whenever possible.� When Government servicing is not available, the AO may authorize reimbursement of actual vehicle operating expenses. | 
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| | E.� Private Vehicle.� | 
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| | When use of a private vehicle is approved by the AO as the best way for travel to be performed, reimbursement is authorized at the standard rate per mile for the type of vehicle and the distance between duty locations or between home and TDY location(s).� If the AO doesn't approve using a private vehicle and one is used anyway, reimbursement is authorized at the standard rate per mile but the amount is limited to the should-cost estimate of AO-approved transportation. In either case, reimbursement is only authorized for the driver.� If reimbursement at the published rate doesn't cover expenses, or if there is no established rate for the type of vehicle being used, the AO may authorize reimbursement of necessary transportation costs incurred.� For distance determination see JFTR, par. U2020 or JTR, Par. C1065 (DTOD requirements). | 
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| | F.� Rest Stops.� | 
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| | Normally, travelers shall not be required to travel during unreasonable hours at night.� If the traveler is required to travel during normal sleeping hours, or the scheduled flight time including stopovers exceeds 14 hours and the traveler is not authorized premium class accommodations, the AO may authorize a rest stop en route or a rest period at the TDY location before reporting for duty.� Scheduled flight time is the time between the scheduled airline departure from the PDS/TDY point until the scheduled airline arrival at the TDY point/PDS.� Rest stops shall not exceed 24 hours. | 
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| | G.� Insurance Coverage in Foreign Areas.� | 
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| | The AO may authorize reimbursement for additional insurance coverage in foreign areas for a rental, Government, or private vehicle used for official travel. | 
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| | H.� Allowable Travel Days.� | 
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| | The number of days allowed for travel is determined by the mode of travel.� For travel by commercial air, one day is allowed in CONUS and within overseas areas.� For travel between CONUS and overseas via commercial air, the actual elapsed time is used based on the scheduled departure and arrival times.� For travel by commercial ground transportation, the scheduled departure and arrival dates are used.� When travel by private, rental or Government vehicle is authorized by the AO, one day of travel is allowed for each 400 miles or increment thereof.� If travel by private vehicle is used but not authorized as advantageous by the AO, travel is limited to one day for each leg (for example, from PDS to TDY stop) requiring an overnight stay. | 
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| | I.�� Authorized Trips Home During Extended Business TDY.� | 
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| | The AO may permit round-trip transportation, and per diem en route, for a traveler who routinely travels on business TDY for periods of more than three weeks, to return periodically to the PDS or home for nonworkdays. | 
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| | J.�� Voluntary Return Home During Intervening Weekend/Holidays.� | 
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| | If the AO doesn't authorize travel home periodically on weekends or nonworkdays, it may still be performed for personal convenience.� If so, entitlement to reimbursement for the round-trip transportation and en route per diem is authorized but limited to the amount of per diem the Government would have paid had the traveler remained at the TDY location. | 
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| | T4040� LIVING EXPENSES (PER DIEM ENTITLEMENTS) | 
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| | The "Lodging Plus" method is used to reimburse TDY living expenses.� Travelers are paid the actual cost of lodging up to a limit, plus a set amount for M&IE.� Rates for lodging and M&IE vary by location, but should be sufficient for a comfortable, safe trip.� Travelers can also be reimbursed for other necessary travel-related expenses if the AO approves them as appropriate to the mission. | 
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| | A.� Lodging Overnight Required - Business Travel Standards | 
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| | 1.� Sleeping | 
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| | a.� The CTO will make lodging reservations and reflect the estimate of their cost (including taxes) on the Trip Record. | 
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| | b. The AO may direct use of adequate available Government quarters on an installation only if the traveler is TDY to that installation.� The traveler cannot be directed to use Government quarters during any fiscal year the traveler is expected to be on TDY more than one half of the work year.� The commander responsible for the quarters determines adequacy of quarters.� Only adequate quarters are offered through the reservation system.� If use of Government quarters is directed and other lodging is used, reimbursement is limited to the Government quarters cost unless the Trip Record notes nonavailability (by confirmation number, if provided by the Service in its registration process.) | 
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| | c.� Commercial lodging reimbursement is based on the single occupant rate, up to the maximum of the TDY site or stopover location.� If the CTO can find only lodgings that cost more than the published maximum rate, the AO may authorize the higher amount such that the lodging cost and the M&IE does not exceed 300 percent of the published rate (lodging plus M&IE).� For example, a member is TDY to a location with a maximum per diem of $110 ($76 for lodging and $34 M&IE).� The AO could authorize up to $296 for lodging (300% x $110 = $330 - $34 = $296).� The CTO must put these rates on the Trip Record.� Under special or unusual circumstances a uniformed traveler may require more than 300% for lodging OCONUS.� These rates may be authorized only in advance by PDTATAC or Secretary concerned for only uniformed members (seeJFTR, par. U4210-B5).� The traveler is responsible for anything charged beyond the basic room fee and taxes.� Travelers are to keep all lodging receipts. | 
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| | (NOTE: The maximum amount allowed for lodging in CONUS (see http:� www.dtic.mil/perdiem/) does not include an amount for lodging taxes.� Taxes for lodging in CONUS are a separately reimbursable travel expense.� The maximum amount allowed for lodging OCONUS (see http:� www.dtic.mil/perdiem/) includes an amount for lodging taxes.� Lodging taxes for lodging OCONUS are not separately reimbursable.) | 
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| | d.� Reimbursement of lodging cost when staying with friends or relatives is not authorized. | 
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| | e.� If the traveler is on TDY at one location for more than 30 days, lodging reservations should be made on a weekly, monthly, or other long-term basis if possible.� When longer term lodging is used, the allowable lodging cost includes the rent; charges for furniture rental (as long as an option to buy is not exercised); utilities connections, use and disconnection fees; cleaning fees; telephone monthly use fees, but not toll charges; and other services ordinarily provided by a hotel.� The CTO should be used to make these arrangements unless the CTO doesn't provide this service. | 
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| | (1)� If a recreational vehicle (RV) is used for lodging, additional fees considered part of the lodging cost are the charge for the RV parking space, dumping and shower fees, special user fees (for example, cable TV charges) if normally included in the price of hotel rooms in the area, and plug-in fees.� Expenses which don't accrue on a daily basis (such as dumping fees) may be averaged over the number of days the traveler is entitled to per diem. | 
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| | (2)� When a residence is purchased because of a TDY assignment (and not as a result of a desire to maintain a second residence) and used as lodging, the allowable daily lodging cost is computed by averaging monthly interest, property tax, and utility costs incurred.� The costs are prorated on a 30-day month basis rather than by the number of days the traveler occupies the residence. | 
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| | 2.� Eating | 
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| | a.� The M&IE entitlement for the day of departure is 75% of the M&IE rate for the traveler's lodging location that night.� If the traveler is traveling and lodging is not used, the M&IE rate is based on the next TDY location or stopover point.� The entitlement for the day of return to the PDS is 75% of the M&IE rate for the last TDY location or stopover point. | 
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| | b.� On other days, the entitlement for meals and incidentals is the full M&IE for the TDY location or stopover point where lodgings are required unless the AO specifies one of two other meal rates based on Government mess availability.� The two rates are either the Government meal rate (GMR) when all meals on a given day are available or the proportional meal rate (PMR) when at least one meal a day is available.� (Incidental expenses are added to the GMR or PMR.)� A Government mess is available only if: Government lodging on a U.S. installation is available and the command controlling the mess has made the mess available to travelers.� A Government mess is not available on interim travel days.� When actual mess availability differs from the pre-trip information, the AO may authorize a higher rate (e.g., from PMR plus incidental expenses to locality M&IE rate).� The meal rate established cannot be reduced after-the-fact except for a free meal as described in subpar. c below. | 
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| | c.� When at least one, but not all three meals, have been purchased by the Government through some means such as a registration fee, the PMR plus incidental expenses applies for that day.� This does not apply on travel days to and from the PDS.� Meals served on common carriers are not "purchased by the Government."� The traveler must indicate on the Trip Record how many meals were free or purchased by the Government and for which dates.� NOTE:� If all three meals are provided, only the incidental expenses for that day are payable. | 
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| | 3.� Incidental Expenses (IE).� | 
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| | Travelers are paid an allowance for miscellaneous expenses, such as tips and laundry, incurred while traveling.� This is the IE part of the M&IE.� The daily IE entitlement in CONUS is $2.00.� The OCONUS daily IE entitlement is the rate for the applicable locality per diem, or $3.50 when the order-issuing authority determines $3.50 to be adequate for anticipated incidental expenses. | 
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| | (NOTE: The cost incurred during TDY travel (not after returning to PDS) for laundry, dry cleaning and pressing of clothing is a separately reimbursable expense for civilian employees in addition to per diem/AEA when travel is within CONUS and requires at least 4 consecutive nights TDY lodging in CONUS.� The cost incurred during TDY travel (not after returning to PDS) for laundry, dry cleaning and pressing of clothing is not a separately reimbursable travel expense for travel OCONUS and is included as a reimbursement expense within the AEA authorized/approved for travel OCONUS.) | 
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| | B.� Lodging Overnight Required - Schoolhouse Training Standards | 
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| | 1.� Schoolhouse training standards are the same as for business travel, except that for training, the training location commander, not the AO, decides if use of Government quarters is directed (par. T4040-A1b) and if one of the two M&IE rates based on Government mess availablility is appropriate. | 
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| | 2.� In some situations, the Service Secretary may approve Essential Unit Messing (EUM) for students in particular courses when readiness requires Government mess use.� When EUM applies, members get incidental expense reimbursement.� Civilians get incidental expense reimbursement and reimbursement for the amount paid for food.� The AO may authorize the actual amount paid up to the PMR for commercial meals the traveler is required to purchase. | 
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| | 3.� The Trip Record must indicate mess availability.� If that information is not available prior to the trip, the information must be provided to the traveler upon arrival at the school and the trip report changed.� When actual mess availability differs from the pre-trip information, the AO may authorize on a daily basis the PMR (1 or 2 meals) plus incidental expenses or the locality M&IE rate (all 3 meals) depending on how many meals were available.� The traveler must note on the Trip Record how many meals by date were not available. | 
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| | C.� Lodging Overnight Required - Standards for Deployment, Personnel Traveling Together with No/Limited Reimbursement, and TDY Aboard Vessels. | 
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| | Other reimbursable expenses (par. T4040-A4) are authorized in the same manner as for business travel.� The AO may authorize the actual amount paid up to the PMR (but no incidental expenses) for meals and/or payment for lodging when the traveler is not entitled to per diem but is required to purchase these items.� See par. T4040-A1c if the lodging cost exceeds the published maximum rate. | 
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| | 1.� Personnel traveling together refers to travel away from the PDS during which the mission requires control of the group of travelers.� Ordinary business travel reimbursements apply unless the travelers' orders direct no/limited reimbursement, in which case all transportation, food, lodging, and other items ordinarily reimbursed, should be provided to the travelers.� No per diem is payable when no/limited reimbursement is directed in the orders for personnel traveling together.� It only includes travel days between duty locations and does not involve entitlements for full days at duty locations.� Most members pay the food cost without operating expense, and civilians pay the food cost and operating expense.� Civilians are entitled to reimbursement of the amount paid for food.� Directing several personnel to travel together with no/limited reimbursement shall not be done simply to save travel funds. | 
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| | 2.� Training exercises, maneuvers, war games, and similar types of operations may be classified as field duty when everything ordinarily associated with per diem is furnished without charge.� Per diem is not payable during field duty.� Lodging is provided and most members pay the food cost without operating expense; civilians pay the food cost and operating expense.� Civilians are entitled to reimbursement of the amount paid for food. When the Secretary concerned, or CINC or JTF commander for a joint deployment, determines that Government messing is essential to accomplish training and readiness, EUM applies. The meals portion of the M&IE is not payable. Most members pay the food cost without operating expense and civilians pay the food cost and operating expense.� Civilians are entitled to reimbursement of the amount paid for food.� All EUM travelers are entitled to the IE.� | 
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| | 3.� Joint deployments involve the temporary assignment of members of more than one uniformed service to a provisional force formed for a specific task or operation.� TDY options include regular business travel, EUM, or field duty.� The CINC or JTF commander determines the appropriate option and may specify a different option for different locations.� For example, field duty might be appropriate for the main body of the deployed force, but business travel might be appropriate for an interim staging base.� In choosing the option to use, the CINC or JTF commander should consider, in the following priority: business travel, EUM, field duty.� Under normal circumstances, the CINC should choose business travel unless operational circumstances dictate otherwise.� In general, business travel is appropriate for peacekeeping, humanitarian, and relief missions.� The CINC or JTF commander may approve EUM when it enhances operational readiness, the conduct of military operations, or is necessary for the conduct of training.� It applies to units only, not to individual travelers.� Table 1 shows the effect of each option on per diem entitlement.� The CINC or JTF commander must communicate this decision on the TDY option (including the appropriate meal rate) to the appropriate Services for inclusion in the orders. | 
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| | 4.� TDY Aboard Vessels���� | 
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| | a.� No per diem is payable when TDY aboard a U.S. vessel since quarters and mess are provided. Civilians are reimbursed for the amount paid for food. | 
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| | b.� The AO may authorize payment of a per diem when the traveler is TDY aboard a foreign or commercial vessel and incurs an expense for other than Government meals. The AO may establish a per diem allowance equal to the daily expenses.�� | 
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| | JOINT TASK FORCE OPERATIONS TDY OPTIONS 
SUBSIST ASHORE | 
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| | TDY OPTIONSUBSISTENCEPER DIEMREMARKS
Business TravelCommercial Lodging and M&IEMember/EmployeeLodging and Pays for LodgingCommercial Mealsand MealsGovernmentLodging and M&IEMember/EmployeeLodging and Pays for LodgingGovernment Mealsand Full Meal Rate1Permanent U.S. for Government MealsInstallationGovernmentLodging and M&IEMember/EmployeeLodging andPays for LodgingGovernment Mealsand for Government MealsTemporary U.S. at Discount Meal Rate2Installationor Temporary Dining FacilitiesEstablished for JTF Operation | 
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| | Government Member/EmployeeLodging and Pays for LodgingCommercial MealsLodging and M&IEand MealsCommercial Member/EmployeeLodging andPays for LodgingGovernment MealsLodging and M&IEand Full Meal Rate(In AOR only)for Government Meals� | 
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| | Essential Unit
MessingGovernment IECivilian Pays for Government MealsLodging and at Full Meal RateUse of Government Meals is Essentialfor Training and Readiness Purposes
Field DutyGovernment Lodging, Civilian Pays for Government Meals Meals and Incidentalsat Full Meal Rate ProvidedNone | 
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| | SUBSIST ABOARD GOVERNMENT VESSEL3 | 
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| | SUBSISTENCEPER DIEMREMARKS
TDYGovernment Lodgingand Government MealsNoCivilian Pays for Meals | 
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| | 1Full Meal Rate = Food costs plus operating expenses. | 
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