ndeed, we do anticipate a "great debate" to ensue during the process of determining whether 

to require private and local government fleets to acquire alternative fuel vehicles. Some, we suspect, will

argue for a strong implementation of the Congressionally authorized rules, while others will warn 

government to stay out of the way, and still others will suggest "creative" options. In the end, the debate

will probably take a familiar path: what’s the proper role for government intervention and who’s going to

pay for it? DOE doesn’t have to implement the private and local government fleet rule. We don’t really 

have to do anything. We can just keep playing along with the status quo. The question is how do we 

reconcile our shortsighted dependency on foreign oil with the status quo? And, how do we square tail pipe

emissions with the current air quality problems in many U.S. cities? These are the questions for you to

think about. DOE is serious about helping this country move beyond the status quo, and it’s our hope that

the real debate will be about how we, as partners, can best stimulate new markets for alternative fuels and

vehicles. Our Cover Story will help you better understand the proposed rulemaking and how you can be a

part of the process. After all, isn’t getting involved and making a difference what Clean Cities is all about?

This edition also brings us to the doorstep of the 4th National Clean Cities Conference and exhibition.

We’ve come a long way since the relatively small get-together in St. Louis in 1995. To sum it up, there are

more people, involved in more communities, making more commitments, purchasing more vehicles, and

using more fuel than four years ago. More is better, and this is progress. I fully expect our fourth meeting to

be the best and to chart the course for more progress.

The week of April 6 was another important week in the growing world of AFVs. The executives from

American Honda were kind enough to invite the national Clean Cities staff (along with a few hundred 

others) to their assembly plant in East Liberty, Ohio. There we were first-hand witnesses to the actual 

production of the much-anticipated CNG Civic GX. But in addition to being awed by the mass production

process, many of the guests were also able to clearly see that CNG vehicles can roll off the assembly line

just as easily as conventionally fueled vehicles. Clearly, the same can be said about the ethanol flex-fuel

vehicles manufactured by Ford and Chrysler (see AFN Vol. 1 - No. 2). The point is that OEM vehicles are

becoming available in shapes and quantities that we could only hope for in the past. As Clean Cities 

partners, our job is to build market confidence for these new vehicles, as well as for the fuels. So, my hat 

is off to Honda. What’s next, the CNG Acura?

As usual, enjoy the issue.

2

Printed with a renewable-source ink on paper containing 

at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste 

BR-540-24481

May 1998

I

CONTENTS

Jeff Hardy — 

National Clean Cities

Program Director

Cover Story: The Great Debate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Feature Story: Clean Cities Game Plan ‘98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Departments: Federal News. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Focus On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

From the Automakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Clean Cities Roundup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

From the States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Hot off the Press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

On the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Upcoming Conferences and Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
With the publication of the Advance Notice of Proposed

Rulemaking (ANOPR) for Alternative Fueled Vehicle (AFV)

Acquisition Requirements for Private and Local Government

Fleets, the Department of Energy (DOE) has created an official forum

for a debate that has been brewing in the industry for years. Three 

public hearings will help DOE gain knowledge of the public’s perspective on the proposed fleet rules. 

The need for reduction in petroleum fuel use is clear—in 1992, 41

percent of the total U.S. petroleum consumption was derived from 

foreign sources. By 1996, imports had increased to 46 percent, and projections are that imports will rise to 52 percent in 2000 and to 60 percent

in 2010. The current cost of petroleum imports is about $40 billion,

which is expected to double by the year 2010. This estimate of future

costs could well be low, since recent estimates predict that crude oil

production will peak around the year 2010, which will put pressure on

the price of petroleum to rise significantly. Unlike other sectors of the

economy that use petroleum, transportation vehicles cannot use other

fuels if the price of petroleum suddenly increases dramatically. Having

the transportation sector so dependent on petroleum thus has both

energy security and economic implications for our country. This

dependence also has serious environmental effects. Tail-pipe emissions

are a major contributor to air pollution and greenhouse gases, and each

alternative fuels has advantages over petroleum fuels. Congress enacted the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) in 1992 to address these concerns

about energy for transportation that will become more important with

each passing year.

The Great Debate

Public Hearing Dates

May 20, 1998—9:30 a.m.

Los Angeles, CA

Royal Federal Building

225 E. Temple Street

May 28, 1998—9:30 a.m.

Minneapolis, MN

U.S. Court House

300 South 4th Street

June 4, 1998—9:30 a.m.

Washington, DC

U.S. Department of Energy

1000 Independence Ave, SW

Address for Written

Comments

(due by July 16,1998):

U.S. Department of Energy

Office of Transportation Technologies

EE-34

Docket No. EE-RM-98-507

1000 Independence Ave., SW

Washington, DC 20585

202-586-3012

3
Unfortunately, implementing alternative fuels for transportation is not easy, quick, or inexpensive. However,

there are good indications that once the initial barriers are

overcome, alternative fuels will be able to compete with

petroleum fuels. What needs to be done in the interim is 

to get a large number of AFVs in operation, which will 

justify creating the fuel storage and distribution systems 

to serve them. Until we get "over the hump" of market

implementation barriers, AFVs will not be economically 

or operationally attractive to more than a small percentage

of vehicle owners who are in unique situations. DOE has

two major mechanisms to overcome market initiation hurdles: mandate certain vehicle owners to use alternative

fuels, or propose incentives for vehicle owners to use 

alternative fuels. 

The rulemaking process will be your opportunity to

suggest what types of programs DOE should establish, 

so AFVs can significantly penetrate the market and overcome implementation barriers. Individual fleet operators,

local governments, representatives of trade groups, vehicle

manufacturers, fuel providers and producers, service 

station operators, states, other government entities, and 

all other interested parties are encouraged to submit 

written comments. 

The ANOPR was published in the Friday, April 17, 1998

edition of the Federal Register (Vol. 63, No. 74, pages 19372-

19378). It can be obtained from the Federal Register Web

site: www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/

aces140.html, or from the Alternative Fuels Data Center

(AFDC) Web site: www.afdc.doe.gov/whatsnew.html. All

written comments must be submitted to DOE by July 16,

1998 (please provide eight copies). Transcripts of the hearings will be available at the DOE Freedom of Information

Reading Room. For information concerning the public

hearings and to obtain copies of materials referenced in

this article, contact Andi Kasarksy at 202-586-3012.

What do you think?

(excerpts from the April 17, 1998 ANOPR)

● If the EPAct’s suggested goal of replacing 30 percent of

the motor fuel used by 2010 is impracticable and not

expected to be achieved, what should the modified fuel

replacement goal be in terms of percentage replacement

and the year the goal is expected to be achieved?

● What methods or criteria should DOE use to determine 

the contribution of a fleet requirement program toward

meeting the fuel replacement goal as modified?

● What types of programs should be established instead of

a fleet requirement program that will result in market penetration of AFVs and alternative fuels to the maximum extent

practicable? And what market penetration(s) would be possible with the establishment of these programs?

● What types of voluntary and incentive measures should be

undertaken, either in conjunction with fleet AFV requirements

or in lieu of such mandates, such as a program that awarded

credits for the amount of petroleum displaced that would

encourage progress toward the fuel replacement goals?

● DOE is required by section 507(l) of EPAct to take into consideration the following factors: energy security; costs;

safety; lead greenhouse gases; technological feasibility;

energy requirements; economic impacts, including impacts

on fleets, workers, and consumers, such as users of alternative fuels for other (non-transportation) purposes; and the

availability of alternative fuels and AFVs. What bearing or

weighting factor should these factors have on a DOE determination as to whether it should impose AFV acquisition

requirements on local government and private fleets?

4

Incentives are an Alternative to Mandates, but not all Incentives are the Same

Financial incentives could include: Non-Financial incentives could include:

Reduced registration fees Special parking spaces

Sales and tax exemptions Use of high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes

Investment tax credits Exemption from some transportation control measures

Elimination of toll fees Special recognition license plates

Lower parking fees Good dealer support and service

Reduced insurance premiums Good utility company support and service

Credit trading Specially trained service technicians

Personal property tax exemptions

Reduced loan fees
5

GSA AFV Ordering Window 

Closed for 1998

The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA)

Interagency Fleet Management System (IFMS) has

completed taking alternative fuel vehicle (AFV)

orders for 1998. IFMS is the branch of GSA that 

leases vehicles, including AFVs, to Federal agencies.

The following is a run down from GSA of the AFVs

that have been ordered by the IFMS for lease to

Federal agencies in 1998. 

As Federal fleet AFV purchase requirements

increase each fiscal year (in 1999, 75% of all Federal

fleets’ covered lightduty vehicle acquisitions must be AFVs,

up from 50% in fiscal

year 1998), Federal

fleet managers will 

be faced with vehicle

purchasing challenges. To be successful when ordering

AFVs, there are 

several key factors to

consider. The most

important factors are

to plan ahead, and to

educate yourself

about AFVs and how

to acquire them.

Getting to know

GSA’s Automotive Services Division is a good place

to start. The division recently went through a major

restructuring and is now called the Office of Vehicle

Acquisition and Leasing Services. Both the

Automotive Division and the Fleet Management

Center are part of this office. The merging of the

Fleet Management Center and the Automotive

Division will improve coordination and provide

better customer service. For more information on

the Office of Vehicle Acquisition and Leasing

Services, go to http://pub.fss.gsa.gov/motor.

Once you know how to acquire AFVs from GSA

or other sources, the next step is to become aware 

of the AFVs available in the marketplace. If a

Federal fleet manager learns in advance what will

be available from the automakers, that manager will

have a good idea of what GSA will offer its 

customers. (For more information on policies and

laws affecting Federal Fleets, see the GSA Office of

Governmentwide Policy, Federal Vehicle Policy

Division Web site at www.policyworks.gov). If the

fleet can only meet the goal with a particular vehicle type (e.g., compact car or minivan) and that

vehicle type is not being offered from the automakers, alert your agency in advance. There are many

sources from which to get AFV product availability.

The easiest tool is the Light-Duty Vehicle Resource

Guide available from the National Alternative Fuels

Hotline at 800-423-1DOE. The guide is also posted

on the Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC), at

www.afdc.doe.gov/vehicles/OEM_YEAR.html.

Learning

about the 

alternative fuel

infrastructure

is another

important step

in AFV 

success.

Alternative

fuel availability is critical in

ordering the

right AFV for

your fleet. The

AFV refueling

infrastructure

is growing

every year,

and a refueling

site may be constructed right in your neighborhood.

The best way to learn about alternative fuel infrastructure is to visit the Alternative Fuels Data

Center (AFDC) refueling site database at

www.afdc.doe.gov/refuel. The AFDC lists refueling

site locations for CNG, E85, M85, LPG, LNG, and

EV charging stations located throughout the United

States. The information is gathered from retailers,

trade organizations, and general literature. The 

Web site has several search functions, such as 

customized queries for specific fuels or regions.

Maps are also available for you to download.

Once your alternative fuel education is complete,

you can develop a plan to acquire AFVs, knowing

that the likelihood of successfully integrating AFVs

into your fleet has dramatically increased.

Federal News

IFMS AFV orders for 1998 

Vehicle Type Fuel Type Number Leased

Chrysler Minivan Flexible-fuel E85 1,994

E85 Ford Taurus Flexible-fuel E85 605

Ford Contour Bi-fuel CNG 441

Ford CNG Pickup CNG 298

Ford Club and Cargo Vans Dedicated & Bi-fuel CNG 62

M85 Ford Taurus Flexible-fuel 32

GMC Pickup Bi-fuel CNG 30

Ford LPG Pickup Bi-fuel LPG 23

Freightliner FL 50 Dedicated CNG 19

Chevy S10 EV Electric 15

Ford Crown Victoria Dedicated CNG 2
The Paso del Norte

Clean Cities

Coalition

The familiar saying, "we do

more in one day than most

people do all year," can be

said about many Clean Cities

programs, and most certainly

applies to Carlon Bennett and

the Paso del Norte Coalition.

Paso del Norte Clean Cities,

which spans the U.S.-Mexico

border and includes the cities

of El Paso, Texas; Ciudad

Juarez, Mexico; and Las

Cruces, New Mexico, was designated the 41st Clean Cities

program in November 1995.

In the ten short months that

Bennett has served as the

coalition’s coordinator, he has helped raise more

than $500,000 to support the organization’s AFV

efforts. How does he do it? By teaming with other

community organizations and nonprofit groups in

the area, the coalition has opened doors to opportunities that would not otherwise be available. For

example, Bennett is currently working with the Rio

Grande Council of Governments, the University of

Texas at El Paso, and the Texas Natural Resources

Conservation Commission to apply for $450,000 to

support AFV outreach efforts through

Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental

Monitoring for Public Access and Community

Tracking (EMPACT) grant program.

But not all the funding comes from government

grants. The coalition also receives cash and in-kind

contributions, such as the printing of the program’s

full-color newsletter, from private sector sources.

According to Bennett, "It’s all a matter of getting out

of the office and becoming active with other air

quality organizations. Go visit with other nonprofit

organizations. This program is all about building

and developing relationships. You can’t wait for

projects to come to you, and you can’t wait for funding to come to you. Every now and then, you’ll get

lucky. We’ve been fortunate so far, but next year, we

may be singing another song."

Paso del Norte Clean Cities has been fortunate 

to have Bennett as its full-time, fully funded 

coordinator, a position supported by a grant from

the Texas State Energy Conservation Office. So for

now, the coalition is successful. In fact, getting the

word out about Clean Cities efforts is yet another

critical element to the program’s strategy. "We all

hear stories about the difficulties in the AFV industry," said Bennett. "The only way to counter that is

by spreading the word of our successes and our

stakeholder successes. My three favorite words are

‘ruthless self promotion.’ That’s how people notice

you. That’s how you increase your chances of 

raising money," he said. The coalition’s "ruthless 

self promotion" effort includes a 16-page, full color,

bilingual newsletter boasting Paso del Norte successes, a marketing brochure that opens into a 

membership form, and a speakers’ bureau. As a 

former reporter, Bennett knows what it takes to

make the news, and he uses his experience in advertising and promotions to bring air quality issues and

alternative fuels to the forefront of the media. Later

this year, the coalition will hold a media training

workshop for reporters in the area to teach them

more about air quality and alternative fuels—issues

that are gaining increasing attention from the media

and general public, particularly in the wake of the

Climate Change summit in Kyoto.

Less than 15% of the money Paso del Norte raises

is targeted for program administration or consultant

fees. The coalition focuses almost all of the available

funds on AFV projects. "We’ve tried to run our 

6

Focus On

Paso del Norte Clean Cities Coalition members (l-r): Dan Deaton, U.S.

DOE; Jeff Hardy, National Clean Cities Director; Susan Haas, PDNCCC

Vice-Chairman; Carlon Bennett, PDNCCC Director; Louise Martinez,

New Mexico Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources Department;

and Paul Perez, PDNCCC Chairman.

Photo Courtesy of PDNCCC/PIX 06151
7

organization like a business," said Bennett. "If I don’t bring

money in, we’re not doing anything...we’re not putting

vehicles on the road or educating the public. The most

important thing we can do is to try and utilize every dollar

to advance one of our projects."

The coalition has several projects currently in the works,

including a heavy-duty vehicle demonstration project at

the El Paso-Ciudad Juarez border crossing and a clean corridor development project in Las Cruces, New Mexico. The

border crossing project involves the introduction of

propane and natural gas to the approximately 1,600 heavyduty diesel trucks that transport goods from Mexico to distribution centers in the United States. These vehicles travel

between 30-40 miles per trip, but must often idle in traffic

for up to eight hours to cross the border. Using propane

and natural gas in this transportation system will help significantly mitigate the area’s air quality problems. The

coalition is also assisting the City of Las Cruces and the

New Mexico Department of Energy, Minerals, and Natural

Resources in building a natural gas station as part of a

clean corridor effort along I-10 and I-25 in New Mexico.

This project could mean up to 500 new LNG and CNG

vehicles in the southern part of the state.

Other efforts include a feasibility study at the El Paso

International Airport, in which the coalition will be 

examining airport operations to see what role it can play

in facilitating the use of alternative fuels. According to

Bennett, the two largest airlines that service the airport,

American and Southwest, have already expressed interest

in using alternative fuels. 

The coalition’s upcoming Clean Air 2000 Campaign is 

a comprehensive, bilingual outreach plan to promote

Clean Cities and the alternative fuels movement. The 

three main components of Clean Air 2000 are an alternative fuels outreach program, a factory original equipment

manufacturers cooperative advertising campaign, and an

Ozone Action Day program for the El Paso/Juarez area. 

Although much of Paso del Norte’s success can be

attributed to Bennett’s outstanding efforts, he won’t take

all the credit. "The Paso del Norte Clean Cities Coalition

(PDNCCC) is really a team effort, in the area and across

the state. We’ve got really great leadership in the steering

committee, and we’re fortunate in Texas...we’ve got the

Texas General Land Office, the Railroad Commission, the

Natural Resources Conservation Commission, the State

Energy Conservation Office, the Alternative Fuels Council,

and people like Dan [Deaton, DOE]." But with a proactive

coordinator like Carlon Bennett, Paso del Norte Clean

Cities will undoubtedly continue to thrive.

Heavy-duty trucks wait to cross into the United States on one of the 

international bridges between Ciudad Juarez, Mexico and El Paso, Texas.

Waits as long as eight hours are not uncommon, forcing the diesel-powered vehicles to leave their engines idling, thereby contributing significantly to the region’s air quality problems.

Photo Courtesy of PDNCCC/PIX 06149
8

I

n just a few months, the Clean Cities program will 

celebrate its fifth birthday. A lot has happened in five

years. More than 60 communities now participate in the

program, and these partnerships form a nationwide 

network of stakeholders, each committed to developing

the alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) market. Clean Cities 

coalitions have become, for the most part, local marketplaces where people come together to learn what’s

required, what’s available, how to purchase an AFV, and

where to fuel it. These coalitions have been particularly

successful in recruiting fuel suppliers, government organizations, advocacy groups, and, increasingly, automakers

and dealerships. The Clean Cities have coordinated activities of both private and public sector AFV proponents 

by providing a forum to help them foster interest in 

alternative fuels, and develop commitments to build, 

purchase, and refuel alternative fuel vehicles. Over the

past five years, the Clean Cities program has grown to

become a symbol of a community’s choice for alternative

fuels—and the ongoing commitment to that choice. 

The program has been less successful (at least so far) in capturing the attention of private fleet operators

and influencing their choice toward alternative fuels.

Because active participation of private fleets is crucial to

steady growth of the AFV market, efforts for Clean Cities

‘98 will focus on identifying and educating fleet operators,

influencing their choice to use AFVs, and providing

rebates to reduce incremental AFV costs and leverage 

currently offered private sector incentives. Simply put, the

strategy for Clean Cities ‘98 is to make it easier for fleets 

to choose alternative fuels.

This "game plan" was designed not only to simplify the decision-making process for fleet owners and operators, but also to help energize and invigorate the nation’s

Clean Cities by focusing efforts on one of the primary

goals of the program—increasing the number of AFVs 

on the road.

There are four elements to this strategy:

1Identify Who Should Play—the Clean Cities Preferred Fleet Database.

The first step in any deal is to identify the key players 

who will benefit the most. To do this, DOE is designing a

computer-based "Preferred Fleet Database" that draws

upon a variety of databases and identifies a select group of

fleet operators who might be inclined to use alternative

fuels; that is, the "few good fleets." By targeting those fleets

for which it makes sense to use alternative fuels, such as

transportation services, fleets with high-mileage applications, or businesses with environmental or health care

interests, coalitions can zero in on fleets in their own communities with the greatest potential interest in purchasing

AFVs. The system is based on the local white pages, so it

will be current and specific to each particular area. It will

also enable Clean Cities coordinators to design custom

mailing lists and merge these lists with pre-written form

letters—all with the touch of a button. DOE will be making

this product available to all participating DOE Clean Cities

this summer and will be encouraging coalitions to hold

"influence the AFV choice" events in their communities.

2Bring the Players to the Table—Influencing the AFV Choice Events.

Once those "few good fleets" have been identified, they’ll

need to know that AFVs are readily available. Yes, they are

affordable and can be purchased at the local dealership.

And, yes, refueling is available—quite possibly right

around the corner. This is part two of the national strategy,

where those inclined fleets will learn why AFVs are the

smart choice for them. Clean Cities "Influence the AFV

Choice" events will be held at least once in each Clean City

this year. Here, DOE plans to take the "one-stop shopping"

approach. The fleet managers will be invited to an event

where they can learn exactly what’s available to them from

the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), how much

they cost, which dealerships offer AFVs, how they can

obtain vehicle purchase incentives, and where they can

refuel. These events will bring fleet managers face-to-face

with OEM representatives and fuel providers. Discussion

breakouts or "booths" will be available for OEM representatives to work directly with fleet operators, and do what

they do best—sell vehicles. Fuel providers can circulate

among OEM booths and provide information on fuel

availability and incentives.

3Make a Deal—the Fleet Buyer’s Guide. Possibly the most important

aspect of the "Influence the AFV Choice" events will be 

the newly designed Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fleet Buyer’s

Guide. This computer-based, decision-making tool, which

will also be available on the World Wide Web, will enable

fleet managers to walk through the series of decisions leading to a new vehicle purchase. For starters, the Guide will

be able to tell a fleet manager whether he or she is required

by law to acquire AFVs. Next, the computer will outline all

the AFV options available, listing specifications, range,

price, and ordering window. All available purchase incentives in the region will then automatically be subtracted

from the purchase price to show the net cost to the fleet

manager, who will be able to calculate a simple payback

period to show when he or she can start making money 

by using less expensive fuels like natural gas. Finally, the 

computer will print out a listing of the nearby dealerships

and refueling stations.

4Provide an Offer You Can’t Refuse—Clean Cities AFV Rebates.

The final piece of the strategy is to provide rebates to 

offset the cost of acquiring an AFV. "Higher incremental

Clean Cities Game Plan ‘98
9

prices are often cited as the number one deterrent to

acquiring AFVs in private fleets," said National Clean

Cities Program Director Jeff Hardy. "Currently, rebates 

and incentives from various sources like the states, fuel

suppliers, and OEMs are available to reduce the net cost to

the AFV customer. But by adding a Clean Cities Rebate, 

we can reduce it even further and stimulate more AFV 

purchases." According to Hardy, DOE expects to make 

up to $25,000 in rebates available to at least 20 of the 

Clean Cities, and, in the end, provide rebates for as many

as 1,000 new AFVs. "Naturally, this will be a competitive

process, but it will also be an opportunity for the 

communities to showcase their efforts at identifying 

and recruiting new fleet prospects into the world of 

AFVs," Hardy added.

DOE Budget Request Aims 

for a Clean, Alternative, and

Efficient Future

A message from David Rodgers, 

Director, DOE’s Office of 

Technology Utilization...

Throughout the past five years, 

the U.S. consumer has been given 

many new and exciting transportation

choices. The breakthroughs in technology development that have occurred, greatly in part by the Department of Energy’s (DOE) investments, are poised to provide the 

consumer with new vehicle options and help expand the use of alternative fuels and advanced transportation technologies in

the transportation industry. However, if these advanced technologies are to succeed, they need to emerge from the laboratories

and get onto the roadways. DOE's Transportation Technologies Office of Technology Utilization (OTU) FY 1999 budget request is

aimed at supporting deployment of cutting-edge vehicle technologies including natural gas, flexible-fuel, renewable fuel, fuelcells, and hybrid vehicles. This budget will allow us to continue to address the market barriers that hinder the adoption of alternative fuels and other advanced transportation technologies, as well as work with other Federal agencies, and state and local

governments to increase the number of alternative fuel vehicles on the road and refueling stations in the ground.

OTU is the home of the Clean Cities Program, the Alternative Fuels Data Center, and the sponsor of this publication. Included 

our program goals are the reduction of automobile emissions and petroleum use, and promotion of alternative fuel vehicle and

advanced technology vehicle use. We will aid in accomplishing these goals by providing unbiased information, financial incentives and grant programs, regulatory guidance, and educational tools to help consumers make informed purchasing decisions 

in choosing alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles.

Many Clean Cities stakeholders and hotline callers have asked how the program is funded. The funding for these efforts comes

from the Energy Conservation portion of the Interior Appropriations Bill under the budget line item Technology Deployment. The

1999 budget request for Technology Deployment is $16.25 million, $4.5 million more than last year’s budget. Most of the budget

requested will reinforce the existing alternative fuel programs, such as Energy Policy Act regulations, Clean Cities, Federal 

Fleet, and Electric Vehicle testing and evaluation (see box). In addition, new projects that promote fuel-efficient vehicles and

reduce greenhouse gas emissions will also be implemented. Other budget allocations within DOE’s Office of Transportation

Technologies (OTT) include the offices of Advanced Automotive Technologies, Advanced Heavy Vehicle Technologies,

Transportation Materials Technologies, and Biofuels Energy Systems. Together, these research, development, and deployment

activities will help bring alternative fuel technologies, fuel-efficient advanced technology vehicles, and renewable fuels to our

transportation sector.

The House Interior Appropriations Subcommittee will act on the budget request first, before sending a recommended appropriations level to the full House. Once the House acts on the 1999 Interior Appropriations bill, the Senate will develop its version. It is

common for bills to be finalized early in the fall.

These efforts are all included in the Department's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). EERE is working

hard to develop and deploy advanced technologies for not only transportation, but also for buildings, in industry and in electricity

generation. If you have any additional questions, please call the DOE Alternative Fuels Hotline at 800-423-1DOE, the Clean Cities

Hotline at 800-CCITIES, or the Department's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse at 800-DOE-EREC.

Key Changes in 1999 Budget for Technology Utilization

Strengthen Clean Cities Program and EPAct compliance

Expand State grants and investments in refueling stations and corridors

Add projects focusing on renewable fuels, alternative fuels, and advanced vehicles that

reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Redesign the Fuel Economy Guide and develop new information products to help 

consumers make the "efficient" choice

Develop and refine standards for testing and evaluation of hybrid vehicles

Demonstrate hybrid vehicles in partnership with PNGV and the new DOE/Department of

Transportation Advanced Transportation Technology Consortium
10

Honda "Rolls

Out" First CNG

Civic GX

Ohio Governor

George V. Voinovich

became a part of 

history as he drove the

much-awaited first and

highly touted Honda

CNG Civic GX off 

the line at East Liberty

Auto Plant on Wednesday, April 8. Produced exclusively

in East Liberty, Ohio, the Civic GX operates only on 

compressed natural gas (CNG) and has a 200-mile driving

range. It also enjoys the distinction of having the cleanest

internal combustion engine ever, emitting one-tenth the

hydrocarbon emissions of the ULEV standard—no 

surprise that it recently won the Discover magazine award

for "Technology Innovation" in the automotive and transportation category.

Joining Governor Voinovich at the ceremony were 

U.S. Representative Mike Oxley, (R-Ohio); DOE’s Associate

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Transportation

Technologies, Richard Moorer; and EPA’s Director of the

Office of Mobile Sources, Margo Oge, as well as other

Federal, state, and local government officials, Clean Cities

Regional Support Office Staff and coordinators, numerous

Honda executives and associates, and other business and

industry representatives. Richard Moorer stated, "The U.S.

Department of Energy and the alternative fuels industry

are excited that Honda will bring its stellar reputation 

to the alternative fuel vehicle market with both its EV Plus

and its Civic GX." Moorer continued, "We especially appreciate the fact that Honda has been promoting its environmentally friendly vehicles and their benefits because 

this message should not come just from our government.

Therefore, I applaud Honda’s effort for getting the 

message out as to how Americans can improve the quality

of air through their transportation choices." Among the

many guests on hand to celebrate the first mass-produced,

dedicated natural gas passenger car was James G. Fuller,

President of Lincoln Composites, the Civics’ tank supplier.

"We’re very pleased, and absolutely confident in our 

product...we’ve designed it to be as safe and as reliable 

as possible," said Fuller.

Honda is currently taking orders for Civic GX deliveries

to fleet customers, including government entities and utility fleets. In fact, the City of Long Beach Gas Department

has the honor of being the first fleet to put in a purchase

bid, requesting the delivery of 30 vehicles. According to

Paul Smock,

Long Beach

Clean Cities

Coordinator

and CNG

Coordinator

for the Long

Beach Gas

Department,

the decision

was simple.

"The City of

Long Beach

has a history

of operating

natural gas

vehicles,

and made

the decision to buy an OEM product when available," 

he said. "And it’s clean...you can look at the tailpipe after 

driving this vehicle 10,000 miles and it will look like it’s

never been used." Smock also credited the South Coast 

Air Quality Management District for its buy-down program that helped defray the Civics’ $4,500 incremental 

cost to just $1,500 per vehicle. For more information 

about the Civic GX, call Honda’s Clean Car Hotline at 

888-CC-HONDA.

Volvo Unveils

Bi-fuel "Green

Cars"

Volvo pledged its

commitment to improving the environment

and to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by

unveiling its bi-fuel natural gas "Green Cars" at a media

event in Phoenix, Arizona. The event showcased Volvo’s

bi-fuel natural gas S70 sedan and V70 wagon. Volvo’s

choice to use clean burning natural gas is just one element

that makes its S70 sedan and V70 wagon truly "Green

Cars," meaning a vehicle that has low tail-pipe emissions.

However, Volvo’s Green Car philosophy goes beyond just

the vehicles’ tail-pipe emissions. Volvo looks at the total

lifecycle of the vehicle, and aims to reduce the vehicle’s

environmental impact throughout the cycle of vehicle 

production, tail-pipe emissions, and vehicle scrappage.

Volvo has improved its vehicle production process and

has made great strides in reducing the amount of solvent

and waste materials left over after vehicle production.

From the Automakers

Civic GX Facts

• Emissions are 1/10th Ultra Low Emission

Vehicle (ULEV) standard–reduces greenhouse gas emissions by more than 20%

• Runs exclusively on compressed 

natural gas (CNG)

• Produces more horsepower than the

gasoline-powered Civic LX (110 vs. 106)

• Has a driving range of 200 miles

• More than 210 parts have been changed

from the base gasoline Civic model

to produce the natural gas fueled 

Civic GX

Photo courtesy of Volvo/PIX 06145

Volvo’s CNG S70 sedan

PIX 06143

Honda CNG Civic GX
l Texas. Clean

Cities jumps to

61. The City of

Corpus Christi

became the 61st

Clean Cities

Coalition (5th in

the state of Texas)

on Monday,

March 30. Brian

Castelli, DOE’s

Chief of Staff for

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, presented

Corpus Christi Mayor Loyd Neal with a plaque and

signed the coalition’s memorandum of understanding

with stakeholders. "The addition of Corpus Christi into

the Clean Cities Program today demonstrates a real

commitment to help create a cleaner environment and

less dependence on imported oil for this region and

nationwide," said Castelli. "The use of alternative fuels

and alternative fuel vehicles is a wise investment for

our country's future." Corpus Christi is well on its way

to becoming a model coalition, as stakeholders have

already developed a comprehensive market development strategy that includes plans to build refueling

infrastructure in six target areas, or "hubs," to reliably

service the region’s AFVs. Corpus Christi has also been

awarded $120,000, including $60,000 from DOE, to

develop a Mobile Emissions Reduction Credit Trading

Program (MERC). The coalition will work with the

City’s Air Quality Committee and Texas A&MKingsville to explore the opportunities for mobile to 

stationary source credit trading in the area. The goal of

the project is to develop a MERC program that makes

the complicated process of emission credit trading 

more "user-friendly,” so it can be used as a model for

other cities nationwide. Other Clean Cities Program

designations scheduled for this spring include Genesee

Region (Rochester, New York) and Puget Sound (Seattle,

Washington) coalitions. Stay tuned to upcoming issues

of AFN for details.

l Denver Region Clean Cities Meeting. The Second

Annual 12-Western States Clean Cities Meeting was

held March 29-31 in Corpus Christi, Texas. The meeting

drew in coordinators and stakeholders from approximately 20 Clean Cities coalitions, both designated and

those seeking designation, from DOE’s Denver Region.

Clean Cities coordinators gave brief presentations on

coalition activities and shared ideas and success stories.

Participants also heard from experts on topics including

alternative fuels legislation, marketing, funding and

donations, public outreach, Clean Air Act issues, Clean

Corridors, and Clean Cities strategies for 1998. "The

information shared by the coordinators is beneficial to

the entire region-—for those that have been around a

while, as well as the new ones," said Ernie Oakes,

DOE’s Clean Cities Program manager for the Denver

Region. "It’s a great way for everyone to share successes

and offer solutions to challenges."

l Norwich. The Norwich Clean Cities Program recently

celebrated the grand opening of the first public access

natural gas refueling station in southwestern

Connecticut. However, this was no ordinary event. To

maximize attendance, ensure local community involvement, and draw attention to the Norwich Clean Cities

AFV effort, stakeholders held the celebration on a

Saturday (April 25). An AFV parade, kicked off the

grand opening event, and a tent with food and face

painters for kids helped draw interested onlookers. The

event also featured a ride and drive for anyone in the

community, as well as a vehicle display that included

the first natural gas school bus in the state of

Connecticut.

11

Clean Cities Roundup

The concern about vehicle tail-pipe emissions goes back

several years, as Volvo was the first automaker to develop

a three-way catalyst, which is now standard equipment in

most light-duty vehicle exhaust systems being sold in the

United States. Volvo chose to build vehicles that operate

on natural gas because of its clean burning characteristics

and low levels of carbon emissions. Volvo has also developed guidelines to help vehicle disassemblers dismantle

Volvos in the most efficient manner possible, by increasing

the amount of recycled materials and decreasing waste.

Although Volvo sells both CNG models in seven foreign

markets, they are not currently available in the United

States for two reasons. "We are concerned about customer

acceptance of the CNG fuel tank in the cargo area," said

Dan Johnston, product information manager of Volvo

North America. Volvo also feels the CNG infrastructure in

America is not developed enough to adequately market 

its vehicles. Volvo is planning to build a new model that

will have CNG tanks built into the design, thus solving 

the problem of compromising cargo space for fuel tanks.

Volvo hopes to introduce its natural gas products in the

United States in the future. For more information about

the CNG Volvos, call Jeannine Fallon at 800-970-0888 or

visit their Web site: www.volvocars.com.

PIX 06143

Corpus Christi Mayor Loyd Neal

and DOE’s Brian Castelli
12

New NASEO Committee Puts

Emphasis on Transportation Issues

The National Association of State Energy Officials

(NASEO) has published its National Energy Issues Agenda,

which identifies six of the top energy priorities for states

and calls upon Congress to act on them. This year, the top

priorities include energy-efficient transportation practices

and specifically, "the implementation of existing alternative

fuel legislation and support programs that allow states, territories, and the private sector to promote alternative fuels

use and infrastructure development."

To support this top priority and further encourage

states to include energy-efficient transportation programs

(like the Department of Energy’s Clean Cities) as integral

parts of their transportation plans, NASEO has created a

new transportation committee. State energy offices already

play a critical role in the nationwide network of Clean

Cities by providing guidance and expertise to local coalitions, spearheading statewide coalitions, and acting as a

partner in the development of alternative fuel vehicle projects in the State Energy Program Special Projects grant

program. The new NASEO committee will monitor and

research transportation issues and provide a forum for

energy officials to share ideas and build upon their present

efforts to further enhance the level of importance for alternative fuel and mass transit programs at the state level.

"Transportation is a big energy issue for states," said

NASEO Communications Director, David Terry. "There are

a lot of state energy offices that are very active in transportation, and it’s important for others to get the issue up

on their radar screens."

Jeff Herholdt, manager, Energy Efficiency Program,

West Virginia State Development Office, serves as the committee’s Chair, and Deann Parsons, chief of the Nevada

State Energy Office, is vice chair. Herholdt, in addition to

his role at NASEO and the West Virginia State

Development Office, serves as coordinator of DOE’s 21st

Clean Cities Coalition, the West Virginia Clean State

Program. "It is our hope to bring alternative fuels and

mass transit issues to the forefront of attention at the state

energy offices," said Herholdt. "We need to be more

aggressive in adopting transportation measures in our

state energy plans."

Clean Cities coalitions can look forward to new and

expanded opportunities to partner with state energy

offices. "Many state energy offices have traditionally

focused on the building and industrial sectors and energy

efficiency programs, but I think the Clean Cities Program

has brought energy security issues back to the top of state

energy office agendas," said Marcy Rood, Clean Cities

Program deputy director. "Regarding air quality, one project we are exploring together is establishing a cap and

trade program for clean fuels. It is my hope that the Clean

Cities program and the NASEO committee will be able to

share and communicate ideas and work together on mutual goals on an ongoing basis," she said. To learn more

about NASEO’s new transportation committee, call Jeff

Herholdt at 304-558-0350, or check out the NASEO Web

site at www.naseo.org.

Government/Industry Partnership

turns EV Rental Car into a 

California Reality

EV Rental Cars is teaming up with Budget Rent-A-Car

to provide electric vehicle (EV) rentals at Los Angeles

International Airport (LAX). The partnership will rent 50

EVs to Budget Rent-A-Car customers at LAX. EV Rental

Cars plans to offer GM EV1s, Ford Ranger EVs, and possibly Honda’s EV Plus. Electric recharging stations are being

installed at the LAX site, and customers will not be

charged for recharging costs. For additional recharging, EV

Rental Cars is working with General Motors to develop a

comprehensive EV recharging guide for the LA area. The

guide will be given to EV rental customers. The EVs will

be offered to customers at the same competitive rate of

conventional rental cars, thanks to Federal funding being

used to offset infrastructure development. "The more funding I get, the lower I can keep the cost of the rental," says

Jeffery Pink, president of EV Rental Cars Inc. Pink hopes

that by making the rental cost comparable to standard

rental vehicles, and by providing free recharging, customers will be lining up to rent the EVs. Budget is planning to advertise the EVs on its airport shuttle buses,

which should also help business.

The partnership is the brainchild of Jeffery Pink. Pink

turned his dream into reality by partnering with industry

and obtaining government support. The process Pink went

through to get support was not an easy one. He knew that

his venture could only be successful if he had government

financial aid to help with infrastructure cost. Much of

Pink’s success comes from his 20 years as a real estate

agent. "I applied my business experience to this venture; it

took a lot of cold calls and determination to make this happen. What surprised me is that every door I knocked on

opened. People were interested in my project and wanted

to help."

From the States
13

Pink first approached Budget Rent-A-Car. "They were

excited about the prospect of leasing clean EVs to their

customers, and after a little convincing they gave me 

the green light." Next Pink started searching for funding

and support. Los Angeles Clean Cities Coordinator

LeiLani Johnson helped Pink with Federal funding 

information. Ms. Johnson explained how Congestion 

Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) improvement funds

are used to build alternative fuel infrastructure. Pink

applied for CMAQ funding to help offset start-up costs 

for the venture. 

EV Rental Cars plans to start operations at LAX in June,

and hopes to open rental facilities in fall of 1998 at two

other California airports, Ontario and Sacramento. For

more information, call Jeffrey Pink at 818-468-4698.

Clean Corridor Update

The Interstate Clean Transportation Corridor (ICTC) 

is currently developing the nation’s first "Clean Corridor,"

an AFV refueling infrastructure network spanning three

states and more than 2,000 miles. The corridor will link

Las Vegas, Reno, Los Angeles, the San Joaquin Valley,

Sacramento, San Francisco, and Salt Lake City along 

the I-80, I-5, CA-99, I-10 and the I-15, creating a triangular

corridor (see map). The ICTC will provide LNG fuel at 10

locations along the route, servicing approximately 250

heavy-duty trucks and 500 local delivery trucks.

The ICTC has focused on the commercial trucking

industry. By 2010, diesel-powered vehicles will be the

source of half of the smog in Los Angeles. Heavy-duty

trucks rack up high miles and have high fuel use.

Alternative fuels will help solve air quality problems and

will displace substantial amounts of petroleum. Cliff

Gladstein, Executive Director of the ICTC project said, "We

provide stakeholders with cost-effective solutions to their

pollution problems."

The ICTC has attracted stakeholders by effectively

leveraging state and Federal funding for infrastructure

development and vehicle purchases. The corridor project

has received DOE’s State Energy Program (SEP) grants

and Petroleum Violation Escrow Account (PVEA) funding

to help offset the incremental start-up costs for LNG trucks

and refueling stations. ICTC has targeted several highly

visible local truck fleets as partners, such as Harris Farms,

which received funds to purchase 12 LNG tractors for its

fleet. For more information, call Gladstein and Associates,

at 310-204-1994. 

Sacramento

San Francisco

San Jose

Mexicali San Diego

Indio

Ontario

Santa Clarita Barstow

Bakersfield

Fresno

Tulare Coalinga

Tijuana

Phoenix

Mesa

Las Vegas

Reno

Elko

80

15

40

10

5

Ogden

Salt Lake City

Provo

St. George

Los

Angeles

Nevada

California

Utah

Arizona

The Clean Corridor
Hot off the Press

14

New Refueling and

Maintenance Directory

Wondering where to service your AFV in the midAtlantic region? Well, look no further. The DOE

Philadelphia Regional Support Office (PRSO), in partnership with the Clean Air Council and regional Clean Cities

coalitions, has developed a second edition of the MidAtlantic AFV Refueling & Maintenance Directory for 1998.

This comprehensive guide includes contact information,

addresses, phone numbers, access and payment information, maps, and directions to CNG and propane refueling

sites, EV recharging stations, and maintenance/repair

facilities throughout the mid-Atlantic. Designed to assist

fleet operators traveling throughout the region, the guide

is expected to play a major role in increasing station usage

and developing the Northeast Clean Corridor Project. The

guide covers the entire mid-Atlantic region, including

Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey,

New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West

Virginia, and will be available by the Fourth National

Clean Cities Conference in June. For more information, call

James Ferguson, DOE Philadelphia Regional Support

Office, at 215-656-6977.

Green Guide to Cars & Trucks

The first environmental consumer car guide is now

available. The American Council for an Energy-Efficient

Economy has published The Green Guide to Cars and Trucks,

to provide car buyers "a practical guide containing Green

Score (vehicle air pollution health costs, global warming

pollution, etc.) rankings for every 1998 vehicle sold in the

United States." The guide aims to help consumers make

more environmental choices when purchasing a new vehicle. For a copy of the guide, call ACEEE Publications at

202-429-0063 or visit their Web site at www.aceee.org.

Carbon Emissions from 

Energy Consumption

The Department of Energy’s Energy Information

Administration (EIA) has published the Annual Energy

Outlook 1998 With Projections Through 2020. This projection

looks at the amount of carbon emissions from energy consumption, and predicts the growth of E85 through the year

2020. This work also examines the need for market penetrations of more efficient equipment and less use of 

carbon-intensive fuels. For more information, call EIA at

202-586-8800 or visit the Web site at www.eia.doe.gov/

forecasting_index.html.

Ethanol-Powered Vehicle Info

The Iowa Governor’s Ethanol Coalition has published

its ethanol market study Drivers’ Awareness, Attitudes, and

Usage of Ethanol-Blended Fuel, which discusses environmental and engine performance benefits that would encourage

drivers to use more ethanol-powered vehicles. For more

information call Ward Lenz, Iowa Department of Natural

Resources, at 515-281-8518 or visit the AFDC Web site at

www.afdc.doe.gov/whatsnew.html.

All About Natural Gas Vehicles

The Association of Energy Engineers (AEE) has released

Natural Gas Vehicles, which gives timely information

regarding all aspects of natural gas vehicles (NGVs). The

reference book gives a comprehensive assessment of natural gas as a vehicle fuel. For more information, call AEE at

770-925-9558.

Alternative Fuel Guide

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has released

Alternative Fuel Guidebook: Properties, Storage, Dispensing,

and Vehicle Facility Modifications. The publication is a reference book designed for professionals who need a working

knowledge of alternative fuels. For more information, you

can call SAE at 724-776-4970 and refer to Order No. R-180,

or visit the Web site at www.sae.org.
15

Take the Tour!

www.afdc.nrel.gov/web_view/emis_tour/intro.html

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory has designed

a virtual tour to show you how automotive emissions are

measured and analyzed at a research-grade emissions laboratory. Using photographs, graphs, and text, the tour

walks you through different areas of the laboratory and

presents details on testing procedures, equipment, and

other aspects of the testing process.

Cooperative Automotive Research for

Advanced Technology (CARAT)

www.ipd.anl.gov/carat/index.htm

The Cooperative Automotive Research for Advanced

Technology (CARAT) program's overall objective is to

develop advanced technologies for light-duty vehicle

applications. Colleges, universities, and small businesses

involved in the program will research alternative fuels,

batteries, injection technologies, flywheels, fuel cells, and

vehicle systems. CARAT is sponsored by DOE’s Office of

Advanced Automotive Technologies. To find out more

about the CARAT program and the research areas, visit the

Web site. The results of this research effort will be posted

on-line as they become available.

Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition (NGVC)

www.ngvc.org 

If you are in the natural gas industry, or are considering

using natural gas vehicles (NGVs) in your fleet, don’t miss

the NGVC homepage. This site has general information, 

as well as a section specifically for the coalition’s 200 members. You can locate equipment and service suppliers, as

well as learn who is using NGVs and the benefits that they

are experiencing. This site also links to the Congressional

Record and the Federal Register online. Don’t pass up the

benefits that NGVC has to offer you!

General Services Administration (GSA)

www.fss.gsa.gov

Welcome to the Federal Supply Service at GSA. Now is the

time for Federal employees to familiarize themselves with

the new Vehicle Acquisition and Leasing Services, so they

will be prepared when it comes time to order your 1999

vehicles. If you are working with a government fleet that

is trying to meet EPAct requirements or preparing for the

CAA in 1999, bookmark this site today!

DOE’s AFV Acquisitions and Credits

Database

www.ott.doe.gov/credits/index.html

The DOE’s Acquisitions and Credits Database provides a

convenient way for covered state and fuel provider fleets

to report AFV acquisitions electronically. Check out the

Web site or call the National Alternative Fuels Hotline at

800-423-1DOE. 

On the Web

Get AFN On-Line!

Do you have Internet access, or an e-mail address? Do you want to save your tax dollars? Do you want to

see the next issue of Alternative Fuel News before the hard copy edition is mailed?

If so, just send your e-mail address to hotline@afdc.nrel.gov. We’ll let you know via e-mail when the new

Alternative Fuel News is available in the electronic version on our Web site at:

www.afdc.doe.gov/AltFuelNews. If you would like to receive a copy of Alternative Fuel News in the mail,

send us your mailing address, too. If you no longer wish to receive Alternative Fuel News, ask us to remove

you from our mailing list. For more information regarding Alternative Fuel News, call the National

Alternative Fuels Hotline at 800-423-1DOE. 
16

National Alternative Fuels and 

Clean Cities Hotline

9300 Lee Highway

Fairfax, VA 22031-1207

S F T W

3 4 5 6 7

14

21

28

13 12 11 10

20 19 18 17

27 26 25

Upcoming

Conferences 

and Events

Questions? Comments? Suggestions? 

Call the National Alternative Fuels Hotline at 800-423-1DOE or the Clean Cities Hotline at 800-CCITIES

Check out the Alternative Fuels Data Center Web site at www.afdc.doe.gov or the Clean Cities Web site at www.ccities.doe.gov.

Look for 

complete coverage 

on the 

4th National 

Clean Cities Conference 

that will be held 

May 31-June 4, 1998, in

Washington, D.C.

in the next issue 

of the AF News! 

z

We'll have important 

information on what was

shared at the conference, 

how to contact speakers,

and how to get more 

details on events.

6th Annual Environmental Vehicles 

and Alternative Fuels Conference

June 15-17, 1998

Detroit, Michigan

Contact: Gwen Brown, The Engineering Society,

at 248-355-2910

Federal Fleet ’98: Navigating the Future

July 20-23, 1998

Scottsdale, Arizona

Contact: Yvonne Lewis at 888-698-5646 

Driving into the 21st Century -

1998 Tri-State Alternative Fuels Conference

July 22, 1998

Indianapolis, Indiana

Contact: Karen Dalton at 317-927-4784

Changing World of Industrial and 

Recreation Electric Vehicles

August 20-21, 1998

Orlando, Florida

Contact: Christine Hopf-Lovette, EPRI, at 650-855-2000

For more information on these events visit the Alternative Fuels Data

Center Web site at www.afdc.doe.gov.