National Economic Consulting

Effect of Census 2000 Undercount 

on Federal Funding to States and 

Local Areas, 2002-2012

March 9, 2000

prepared 

for

U.S. Census Monitoring Board
 i 

EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO 

STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012 

ABSTRACT

Congress relies on the census for purposes of allocating funds under various federal grant 

programs to state governments. Inaccuracies in the census count can cause federal funds 

to be distributed in a way that is not fully consistent with congressional intent. Many 

state-funded grant programs to localities also rely on census counts, compounding the 

misallocation of grant money. From the perspective of jurisdictions that are counted 

relatively poorly by the census, this translates into fewer services for families in need. 

Using information from the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey (PES) and more recent 

census estimates, PricewaterhouseCoopers projects Census 2000 will underestimate the 

actual U.S. population by almost five million individuals, representing an undercount rate 

of 1.75 percent of the actual population. This estimate is conservative—the Census 

Bureau itself has projected an undercount rate of 1.9 percent using confidential 

administrative records and the PES data. 

Federal programs with $185 billion of obligations were allocated among the states based 

on census population counts in fiscal year 1998. Because many of these programs use 

figures adjusted for the census undercount or have formulae that guarantee states a steady 

share of the funds, the census undercount would affect only a portion of funding under 

these programs. This study focuses on eight programs with $113 billion of FY 1998 

obligations, representing over 82 percent of the funding of programs affected by the 

census undercount with obligations over $500 million in FY 1998. Because this study 

does not consider all programs affected by census population figures, the effect of the 

Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of federal funds is likely to exceed the 

estimates in this report. 

For the eight federal grant programs included in this study, the Census 2000 undercount 

is estimated to cause the District of Columbia and 26 states adversely affected by the 

undercount to lose $9.1 billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 fiscal year period. 

The shift in federal funds due to the Census 2000 undercount is particularly large in 

metropolitan areas because relatively poorly counted demographic groups are 

concentrated in urban areas. These areas not only share in state losses from the 

undercount but also lose funds to other localities within the state because of the high 

relative undercounts of urban areas. The federal funding loss to the 169 metropolitan 

areas adversely affected by the undercount is estimated to reach $11.1 billion over the 

period, or $3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions. 

The census undercount not only redistributes funds among jurisdictions, it also causes a 

net loss to the states of funds from federal entitlement programs, such as Medicaid or 

Foster Care. For the programs included in this study, the Census 2000 undercount is 

estimated to reduce net federal funds to the states by $722 million over the 2002-2012 

period. 
 ii 

EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO 

STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................ ES-1 

I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................1 

II. ESTIMATE OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ..............................................3 

A. 1990 Census Undercount Data.................................................................................3 

B. Projected 2000 Undercount by State........................................................................4 

C. Projected 2000 Undercount by MSA and Center County........................................7 

III. FUNDING EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ..............................11 

A. Federal Programs Analyzed...................................................................................11 

B. Current Services Funding Levels over FY 2002-2012 Period...............................12 

C. Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on States ..........................................14 

D. Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on MSAs .........................................19 

E. Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Center Counties..........................22 

IV. CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................24 

APPENDICES 

A. 2000 Population Projections and Estimated Undercounts by State by 

Demographic Group 

B. 2000 Population Projections by Metropolitan Area (Adjusted and Unadjusted) 

C. 2000 Population Projections by Center County (Adjusted and Unadjusted) 

D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount and Undercount Rate by Center County by 

Demographic Group 

E. Federal Program Descriptions 

F. Estimated Funding Effect by State by Program 

G. Estimated Funding Effect by Metropolitan Area 

H. Estimated Funding Effect by Center County 

I. Metropolitan Areas with Center Counties and Central Cities 

J. Contact Information
 iii 

EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO 

STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012 

TABLES

Page

Table A. Federal Formula Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations ........................ES-3 

Table 1. Count of “Other” Race Group in 1990 Census ...................................................4 

Table 2. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by State......................................................6 

Table 3. Census 2000 Undercount by Metropolitan Area: 25 MSAs with the 

 Largest Undercount Rates ...................................................................................8 

Table 4. Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Center City: 

 25 Counties with the Largest Undercount Rates ...............................................10 

Table 5. Federal Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations ...........................................11 

Table 6. Current Services Budget Projections for Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs, FY 2002-2012 ..................................................................................13 

Table 7. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State on 

 Eight Federal Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012 .................................................16 

Table 8. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on 

 Eight Federal Programs: States with High Undercounts, FY 2002-2012 .........17 

Table 9. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by 

 Federal Grant Program, FY 2002-2012.............................................................18 

Table 10. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Losses, FY 2002-2012..................21 

Table 11. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs: 25 Center Counties with Largest Funding Loss, 

 FY 2002-2012....................................................................................................23 

FIGURES

Figure A. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs: 26 States with Funding Losses and the District of Columbia, 

 Fiscal Years 2002-2012 ...............................................................................ES-7 

Figure B. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs: All States and the District of Columbia, 

 Fiscal Years 2002-2012 ...............................................................................ES-8 

Figure C. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Loss, 

 Fiscal Years 2002-2012 ...............................................................................ES-9 

Figure D. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

 Programs: 25 Center Counties with Largest Funding Loss, 

 Fiscal Years 2002-2012 .............................................................................ES-10 
ES-1 

EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO 

STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A number of federal grant programs rely on population counts from the decennial census 

for purposes of allocating funds among states. Consequently, a population undercount, 

such as that estimated to have occurred in the 1990 census, can affect the distribution of 

federal funds to states and localities that benefit from federal programs. From the 

perspective of jurisdictions that are counted relatively poorly by the census, this translates 

into fewer services for families in need. 

The Presidential Members of the United States Census Monitoring Board1 retained 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) to conduct an independent estimate of the Census 

2000 undercount, and to project its effects on the allocation of federal funds among 

states, metropolitan areas, and center counties of metropolitan areas over the next decade. 

Under the programs analyzed in this report, the District of Columbia and 26 states are 

estimated to lose $9.1 billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 period. Metropolitan 

areas not only share in the state losses but also lose funds to other areas within the state 

because of the high relative undercounts of urban centers. The federal funding loss in the 

169 metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount is estimated to reach $11.1 

billion over the 2002-2012 period, which translates into a loss of $3,391 per uncounted 

person in these jurisdictions. Because this report does not include all population-based 

federal programs or any of the state programs distributed using census data, these 

estimates should be treated as conservative. 

Previous Research 

In previous studies, the General Accounting Office (GAO) and the U.S. Conference of 

Mayors have estimated the impact of the 1990 census undercount on the allocation of 

federal and state grant program funds. 

The GAO study looked at the effect of the 1990 census undercount on funding to state 

governments under 15 federal formula grant programs in fiscal year 1998.2

 The 1990 

census was subject to a net undercount rate of 1.59 percent of the adjusted population. 

GAO found that the 1990 undercount caused a reallocation of $449 million in federal 

funding in 1998. This amounts to a funding loss of approximately $145 per uncounted 

individual in the District of Columbia and the 27 states with funding losses in 1998. 

 

1

 The Presidential Members of the U.S. Census Monitoring Board are Gilbert F. Casellas (Co-Chairman), 

Cruz M. Bustamante, Everett M. Ehrlich, and Lorraine A. Green. 

2

 For several programs, GAO calculated the state allotments for a different year (1997 or 1999) because 

certain components of the formulas were not available or more recent data were available. See GAO, 

Formula Grants: Effects of Adjusted Population Counts on Federal Funding to States, GAO/HEHS-99-69, 

February 1999. 
ES-2 

According to the Congressional Research Service, federal funding amounting to $185 

billion was distributed using census population counts in 1998. GAO analyzed the 25 

largest programs (each had FY 1998 obligations of over $500 million) with a combined 

funding level of $167 billion. Ten of these 25 programs were excluded from the GAO 

analysis because the data necessary to calculate the effect of the undercount on their 

allocations were unavailable. 

Of the remaining 15 programs, eight programs were responsible for all of the 

reallocation: (1) Medicaid; (2) Foster Care; (3) Rehabilitation Services Basic Support; 

(4) Social Services Block Grant; (5) Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block 

Grant; (6) Adoption Assistance; (7) Child Care and Development Block Grant3

; and (8) 

Vocational Education Basic Grants. The final seven programs were either not affected by 

the undercount or the effects were insignificant. 

The U.S. Conference of Mayors recently surveyed cities regarding the effect of the 1990 

census undercount on federal and state funding.4 The 34 cities responding to the survey 

reported a loss of federal and state funds of $536 million, or $1,230 per uncounted 

person, over the ten-year period following the 1990 census. The survey also requested 

that cities estimate the impact of the Census 2000 undercount. The 20 cities responding 

to this question reported a loss of federal and state funds of $677 million, or an average of 

$2,263 per uncounted person, over the ten-year period following Census 2000. 

Methodology 

This study extends the previous research by estimating the federal funding effect of the 

Census 2000 undercount over the next decade on states and metropolitan areas. The 

study includes the same programs analyzed in the GAO report, but estimates the impact 

of the undercount at the metropolitan level over the entire period affected by the Census 

2000 figures. 

The eight programs studied accounted for $113 billion in federal grant spending in fiscal 

year 1998 (see Table A). These programs represented over 82 percent of the funding of 

grant programs affected by the undercount (for programs with obligations over $500 

million). The effect of the undercount on programs with FY 1998 obligations less than 

$500 million has not been included. State programs that rely on census data to distribute 

funds to localities also have been excluded. Because all federal and state grant programs 

affected by the undercount were not analyzed in this study, the shift in federal funds due 

to the Census 2000 undercount is likely to be larger than is estimated in this report. 

 

3

 Funding under this program is now distributed under the Child Care and Development Fund Discretionary 

Funds. This report refers to the program by its original name. 

4

 U.S. Conference of Mayors, The Fiscal Impact of the Census Undercount on Cities: A 34-City Survey, 

January 1999. 
ES-3 

Table A. Federal Formula Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations 

[Dollar amounts in billions; Programs over $0.5 billion affected by census undercount] 

Program Description 

1. Medicaid Provides medical assistance (such as inpatient and outpatient hospital care, laborato

x-ray services, and physician services) to low-income individuals. Eligible individuinclude low-income children and pregnant women, low-income persons with disabiand low-income elderly persons. 

2. Foster Care Provides support to homes and facilities that provide homes to needy foster children

Payments cover food, shelter, and supervision costs. Any foster child eligible for AFamilies with Dependent Children, as in effect in 1995, is eligible for the program. 

3. Social Services Block Grant Provides support to states to prevent or reduce dependency; promote self-sufficienc

prevent abuse, neglect, or exploitation of children and adults; prevent inappropriate institutional care; and secure institutional care where appropriate. Funds have been for child day care, protective and emergency services for children and adults, and counseling. 

4. Rehabilitation Services Basic 

Support 

Provides vocational rehabilitation to disabled individuals and their families. Servicinclude reader services for the blind, interpreter services for the deaf, prosthetic devand job placement. 

5. Substance Abuse Prevention 

and Treatment Block Grant 

Provides resources to states to design and implement programs to reduce drug and aabuse and provide rehabilitation to individuals with drug and alcohol problems. 

6. Vocational Education Basic 

Grants 

Provides grants to states for vocational education programs for youths and adults. Fused for activities such as purchasing occupationally-relevant equipment and curricmaterials, providing career counseling and guidance, hiring staff, and offering remeclasses. 

7. Child Care and Development 

Block Grant 

Provides assistance to low-income families to improve the availability and quality ochildcare. Name changed to Child Care and Development Fund Discretionary Fund

8. Adoption Assistance Provides support for the adoption of children with special needs. Payments train 

professional staff and parents involved in the adoptions, provide resources to familiadopting the children, and cover costs associated with placing children in adoptive h

Total for eight programs included in this report Total for grant programs over $0.5 billion affected by undercount 
ES-4 

The methodology used in this report can be summarized as follows: 

1. Estimate the Census 2000 undercount at the state, metropolitan area, and county 

level. 

2. Determine the formulae for allocating the eight federal grant programs included in 

this study. 

3. Project national funding levels for these federal programs through 2012. 

4. Project the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of federal 

funds to states, metropolitan areas, and center counties over the period affected by 

Census 2000 (generally, fiscal years 2002-2012). 

Several key assumptions underlie the results in this report. First, the undercount rates of 

demographic groups in Census 2000 are assumed to be the same as in the 1990 census; 

however, the change in the demographic composition of the population between 1990 

and 2000 is taken into account based on the latest official Census Bureau projections. 

Second, current formulae for allocating federal grant programs are assumed to remain 

unchanged. Third, the national funding level for these programs over the FY 2002-2012 

period is based on the Administration’s fiscal year 2000 Current Services Budget. Last, 

states are assumed to allocate federal funding among local governments in proportion to 

their respective populations, as enumerated in the decennial census. To the extent 

possible, the results in this study are based on federal data, estimates, and methodology. 

Projected Census 2000 Undercount 

Based on the net undercount rates of demographic groups from the 1990 census and the 

projected population growth since 1990, PricewaterhouseCoopers estimates that the 

Census 2000 undercount rate will be 1.75 percent of the actual population, or almost five 

million uncounted individuals. This is a conservative estimate. Using demographic 

analysis of confidential administrative records to supplement undercount factors from the 

1990 Post-Enumeration Survey, the Census Bureau has estimated that the Census 2000 

undercount rate will be 1.9 percent of the true population.5

Members of minority groups and children experience undercount rates that exceed those 

for the rest of the population. The net undercount rate for children is estimated to reach 

3.36 percent (an estimated 2.5 million children), and the rate for certain minority groups 

exceeds five percent. 

Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to States 

Over the 2002-2012 fiscal year period, for the eight programs analyzed, 

PricewaterhouseCoopers estimates that the Census 2000 undercount will result in a loss 

of $9.1 billion in federal funding among the 26 states adversely affected by the 

 

5

 Bureau of the Census, Report to Congress--The Plan for Census 2000, August 1997. 
ES-5 

undercount and the District of Columbia. Medicaid accounts for the largest shift in 

federal funds, representing 91 percent of all reallocated funds (see Figure A).6

The projected 2000 undercount would have the biggest dollar impact on states with the 

largest numerical undercount i.e., California, Texas and Florida (see Figure B). 

Even in states that are relatively well counted by the census, certain portions of the state 

may have high undercount rates. For example, while Massachusetts is counted relatively 

well, Suffolk County (containing Boston, MA) is estimated to lose $154 million in 

federal funds over the 2002-2012 period as a result of its high undercount. Similarly, 

while Illinois is counted relatively well, Cook County (containing part of Chicago, IL) is 

estimated to lose $219 million in federal funds over the 2002-2012 period. 

Note that the funding effects of the Census 2000 undercount are not a “zero-sum game.” 

The shift in federal funds away from states that are counted relatively poorly is greater 

than the shift in funds to states that are counted relatively well. The Census 2000 

undercount is projected to result in a net loss of $722 million in federal funds to the states 

as a whole. This overall loss in federal funding is due to federal entitlement programs 

such as Medicaid, under which the national level of funding depends on population 

measures and is not a fixed sum. 

Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to Metropolitan Areas 

The Census 2000 undercount also will affect metropolitan areas that receive a portion of 

federal grants allotted to states. The net impact on metropolitan funding depends on the 

effect of the undercount on both the allocation of federal funds between states (the 

“between-state” effect) and the allocation of funds among jurisdictions within a state (the 

“within-state” effect). The net impact of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of 

federal funds to metropolitan areas is the sum of the between-state and within-state 

effects. 

Over the 2002-2012 period, 169 metropolitan areas are estimated to lose $11.1 billion, or 

$3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions, as a result of the Census 2000 

undercount. Because metropolitan areas within a state generally experience undercount 

rates that are higher than the state average, they will fail to receive their proportionate 

share of any funds distributed by the state based on unadjusted population counts. These 

“within-state” effects cause the funding losses of metropolitan areas to exceed the 

funding losses at the state level. 

 

6

 Because of statutory provisions which guarantee minimum reimbursement rates, Medicaid funding for 

certain states would remain the same using either adjusted or unadjusted population counts. Some states, 

like New York, receive the minimum reimbursement of 50 percent of state expenditures under adjusted or 

unadjusted figures. The District of Columbia has a reimbursement rate set by statute at 70 percent. These 

areas experience significant undercounts, but the Medicaid minimum reimbursement provisions limit the 

federal funding losses from the undercount. 
ES-6 

Six metropolitan areas are estimated to lose over $300 million in federal funds: New 

York, NY; Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA; Houston, TX; Riverside-San Bernardino, CA; 

San Diego, CA; and Miami, FL (see Figure C). In New York, NY, the funding loss is 

estimated to exceed $2 billion. Because some state-funded grant programs also rely on 

the decennial census for purposes of allocating funds among localities, the impact of the 

Census 2000 undercount on metropolitan areas will be larger than the federal funding 

effect. 

Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to Center Counties 

The demographic composition of the “center county” within a metropolitan area 

frequently is quite different from the surrounding suburbs. As a result, census 

undercount rates can vary dramatically within a metropolitan area, and this can affect the 

allocation of federal funds. The “center county” generally is defined as the county 

containing a metropolitan area’s central city. 

Seven center counties are estimated to lose over $300 million in federal funding: Los 

Angeles County, CA; Kings County, NY (which comprises the borough of Brooklyn, 

NY); Bronx County, NY; New York County, NY (which comprises the borough of 

Manhattan, NY); Harris County, TX (which contains the city of Houston, TX); San 

Diego, CA; and Miami-Dade County, FL (see Figure D). In Los Angeles County, CA the 

funding loss is estimated at over $1.8 billion. (As noted above, these estimates exclude 

the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of state-funded grant 

programs.) 

Conclusion 

Congress relies on the census for purposes of allocating various federal grants to state 

governments. Inaccuracies in the census count can cause federal funds to be distributed 

in a way that is not consistent with congressional intent. Many state-funded grants to 

localities also rely on census counts, compounding the problem. From the perspective of 

jurisdictions that are counted relatively poorly by the census, this translates into fewer 

services for families in need. By participating in Census 2000, all Americans can help 

ensure that their communities are not short-changed in the allocation of federal and state 

program funds.
 Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. ES-7

Figure A. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Program

26 States with Funding Losses and the District of Columbia, Fiscal Years 2002-2012

[Millions of Dollars]

Medicaid (-$8,309)Foster Care (-$303)Rehabilitation Services (Adoption Assistance (-$Substance Abuse Block GChild Care and Dev't BlocSocial Services Block GraVocational Education (-

-8,309

-303

-169

-106

-89

-67-63

-11
ES-8 

Figure B. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs: All States and t

of Columbia, Fiscal Years 2002-2012 [Millions of Dollars]

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine Maryland

Massachusetts Michigan

Minnesota Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma Oregon Pe

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia

Wisconsin Wyoming

-6,000 -5,000 -4,000 -3,000 -2,000 -1,000 0 1,000 2,000 

 Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 
ES-9 

Figure C. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs: 25 MSAs with Large

Fiscal Years 2002-2012 [Million of Dollars]

New York, NY*

Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA*

Houston, TX*

Riverside-San Bernardino, CA

San Dieg

O

Orange C

F

McA

-2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. * Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA). 
ES-10 

Figure D. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs: 25 Center Counti

with Largest Funding Loss, Fiscal Years 2002-2012 [Million of Dollars]

Los Angeles County, CA

Kings County, NY

Bronx County, NY

New York County, NY

Harris County, TX

San Diego County, CA

Miami-Dade County, FL

Orange County, CA

Dallas County, TX

Queens County, NY

San Bernardino County, C

Alameda County, C

Cook County, 

Bexar County, T

Riverside County, 

Santa Clara County

Fresno County

Suffolk Coun

El Paso Co

Sacramento Cou

Essex Co

San Francisco C

Tarrant C

Hudson C

Travis C

-2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
1 

I. INTRODUCTION 

The Presidential Members of the United States Census Monitoring Board1

 retained 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) to conduct an independent estimate of the 

Census 2000 undercount, and to project its effects on the allocation of federal funds 

among states, metropolitan areas, and center counties of metropolitan areas over the 

next decade. 

This report extends previous research undertaken by the General Accounting Office 

(GAO) and the U.S. Conference of Mayors on the census undercount and its affect on 

the allocation of federal dollars to states and localities. The Census 2000 undercount 

is estimated using updated population data by demographic group, and the effect of 

the undercount is analyzed for a uniform set of federal programs for states and 

localities over the entire period affected by the census figures. 

Under the programs analyzed in this report, the 169 metropolitan areas adversely 

affected by the Census 2000 undercount are estimated to lose $11.1 billion over the 

2002-2012 period. Metropolitan areas not only share in any state losses from the 

undercount, which amount to $9.1 billion in states with high undercounts, but also 

suffer additional distortions if their undercounts are high relative to other areas within 

the state. The federal funding loss in these metropolitan areas translates into a loss of 

$3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions. Because this report does not 

include the effect of the undercount on all federal programs or any state programs 

distributed using census data, these estimates should be treated as conservative. 

Section II estimates the Census 2000 undercount at the state, metropolitan area, and 

center county levels. To estimate the undercount, net undercount rates from the 1990 

census by demographic group were applied to unadjusted 2000 population projections 

by demographic group by county. 

Section III estimates the impact of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of 

federal funds to states, metropolitan areas, and counties. Formula allocations under 

federal grant programs that depend on population counts were calculated with 

unadjusted and then adjusted population figures to estimate the change in federal 

funds flowing to each state. Changes in funding levels at the state level were then 

translated into changes at the metropolitan area level and county level. 

The main findings of the report are summarized in Section IV. 

Ten appendices accompany this report: 

• Appendix A reports the Census Bureau’s projections of the unadjusted 2000 

population and PricewaterhouseCoopers’ estimate of the population undercount, 

by state and demographic group. 

 

1

 The Presidential Members of the U.S. Census Monitoring Board are Gilbert F. Casellas (CoChairman), Cruz M. Bustamante, Everett M. Ehrlich, and Lorraine A. Green. 
2 

• Appendix B shows estimated 2000 population totals by metropolitan area with 

and without adjustments for the estimated undercount. 

• Appendix C shows estimated 2000 population totals by center county with and 

without adjustments for the estimated undercount. 

• Appendix D presents the Census 2000 undercount total and undercount rate by 

center county by demographic group. 

• Appendix E describes the federal programs analyzed in this report. 

• Appendix F provides detailed information on the estimated funding effects of the 

Census 2000 undercount by state by program. 

• Appendix G provides details on the funding effect of the undercount on 

metropolitan areas. 

• Appendix H provides details on the funding effects for center counties. 

• Appendix I provides a listing of central cities and center counties by state and 

metropolitan area. 

• Appendix J lists contact information.
3 

II. ESTIMATE OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT 

A. 1990 Census Undercount Data 

Following the 1990 census, the U.S. Census Bureau undertook a Post-Enumeration 

Survey (PES) to determine the accuracy of the census count. Historically the census 

has not achieved an exact count of the population because it has missed certain 

individuals and incorrectly enumerated others.2

 For the PES, the Bureau conducted 

detailed interviews with a sample of households. The results of this intensive 

interview process were compared to the official 1990 census enumeration to assess 

the accuracy of the census. This information was used to estimate the net undercount 

(persons missed less persons incorrectly enumerated) by demographic group, and to 

prepare an adjusted 1990 population count (i.e., the official count plus an estimate of 

net uncounted persons). 

Pursuant to P.L. 94-171, the Bureau published the official and adjusted 1990 

population counts at the Census Block level stratified by 20 demographic groups: 

1. Five race groups (White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, American 

Indian/Eskimo/Aleut, and Other); 

2. Hispanic origin (yes or no); and 

3. Two age groups (over 17 and under 18). 

The stratification used in the P.L. 94-171 data differs from the stratification in the 

Census Bureau’s 2000 population projections. The published 2000 population 

projections have four race groups (i.e., no “Other” race group) and are stratified by 

age and gender. To make the unadjusted P.L. 94-171 data consistent with the 

published 2000 population projections, the “Other” race category was reassigned 

proportionately into the four specified race groups.3

 This reassignment was done at 

the county level stratified by Hispanic origin and age.4

 Over 97 percent of the 

population classified in the “Other” race category in the 1990 census are of Hispanic 

origin (see Table 1). This group is estimated by the Census Bureau to have a very 

high undercount rate—5.3 net uncounted persons per 100 persons in the adjusted 

1990 census enumeration. 

 

2

 For instance, incorrect enumerations would arise from the inclusion of a child born after April 1, a 

person who died before April 1, or a college student living away from home but counted in the parents’ 

house. 

3

 The methodology used to map the “Other” group into the four specified race groups is conceptually 

similar to the procedure used by the Census Bureau, but does not rely on access to individual Census 

records. The undercounted “Other” population was reassigned to the other four race groups in the 

same proportion as the enumerated “Other” population. See Census publication CPH-L-74, Age, Sex, 

and Hispanic Origin Information from the 1990 Census: A Comparison of Census Results with Results 

Where Age and Race Have Been Modified, August 1991. 4

 In New England states, Minor Civil Divisions (MCDs) rather than counties were used for this 

purpose. MCDs function as the components of MSAs in these states. MCDs can also be aggregated 

into counties. Outside of New England, MSAs are composed of counties. 
4 

Table 1. Count of “Other” Race Group in 1990 Census 

Hispanic Origin Age group Yes No Total 

Official (Unadjusted) 1990 Census Count 

 

Under 18 3,493,054 113,380 3,611,434 

Over 17 6,062,700 130,713 6,193,413 

Total 9,555,754 249,093 9,804,847 

Adjusted 1990 Census Count 

 

Under 18 3,683,795 120,815 3,804,610 

Over 17 6,408,477 132,205 6,540,682 

Total 10,092,272 253,020 10,345,292 

Undercount Ratea

 

Under 18 5.178% 6.154% 5.077% 

Over 17 5.396% 1.129% 5.309% 

Total 5.316% 1.552% 5.224% a

 Excess of adjusted over unadjusted count as a percent of adjusted count. 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

After reclassifying the P.L. 94-171 data from five to four race groups, the official and 

adjusted data were aggregated up to the state level within 16 demographic groups 

(four races, two age groups, and Hispanic/non-Hispanic). Adjustment factors (i.e., 

the ratio of the adjusted to the official population count) were calculated for the 16 

demographic groups within each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia (816 

adjustment factors in total). 

B. Projected 2000 Undercount by State 

The Census Bureau projects state population levels through 2025 by age, sex, race 

(White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Eskimo/Aleut), and 

Hispanic origin.5

 These projections start with the most recent decennial census, and 

the population in subsequent years is estimated using administrative records, such as 

birth and death certificates and immigration statistics. The Census Bureau’s 

population projections do not adjust for the population missed in the decennial census 

nor undocumented immigration. For purposes of this report, the Bureau’s state 

population projections for 2000 were used as an estimate of the official population 

counts that will be produced in the upcoming 2000 census. To match the 

 

5

 Census publication PPL-47, Population Projections for States by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic 

Origin: 1995-2025. Note that these projections are based on 1995 population estimates and may 

differ from actual 2000 population totals. 
5 

demographic cell format for the P.L. 94-171 data, the data were aggregated into two 

age groups (over 17 and under 18) and genders were combined. 

Adjusted 2000 state population counts were estimated using the adjustment factors 

from the 1990 census and the Census Bureau’s 2000 population projections. 

Specifically, for each of the 16 demographic groups within each state, the adjusted 

2000 population count was estimated as the product of the Census Bureau’s 2000 

population projection and the appropriate adjustment factor determined from the P.L. 

94-171 data (see Section II.A, above). The Census 2000 undercount for a state was 

estimated as the difference between the state’s adjusted and unadjusted 2000 

population projections. 

Based on this methodology, the undercount rate for Census 2000 is projected to be 

1.75 percent, or 4.9 million persons (see Table 2).6

 This is higher than the Census 

Bureau’s estimate of the 1990 undercount rate (1.59 percent), and reflects the 

generally faster growth rates since 1990 of demographic groups that were relatively 

poorly counted in the 1990 census. The projected 2000 undercount rate used in this 

report is a conservative estimate. Using demographic analysis of confidential 

administrative records to supplement undercount factors from the PES, the Census 

Bureau has estimated that the Census 2000 undercount rate will be 1.9 percent of the 

true population.7

 Changes in attitudes within demographic groups could also result in 

an increased undercount rate. For instance, increased suspicion of government could 

make individuals less likely to respond to the census. 

Table A-4 in Appendix A provides net undercount rates by demographic groups. 

Children and minorities have undercount rates that exceed the national average. 

Nationally, persons under the age of 18 have an undercount rate of 3.36 percent of the 

actual population, resulting in almost 2.5 million uncounted children. Of the 

population over 18, minority groups and Hispanics generally have undercount rates 

exceeding 3 percent, with several close to or over 5 percent. 

Four states account for over 45 percent of the projected Census 2000 undercount: 

California (1.01 million), Texas (0.61 million), Florida (0.34 million), and New York 

(0.33 million). States with the highest percentage undercounts are the District of 

Columbia (3.6 percent), New Mexico (3.1 percent), and California (3.0 percent). 

States with the lowest undercount rates are Pennsylvania (0.4 percent), Rhode Island 

(0.4 percent), and Iowa (0.5 percent). 

 

6

 The GAO report presents 1.62 as the percentage difference between the unadjusted and adjusted 

1990 population. This figure represents the net uncounted population divided by the unadjusted 

population count. In official Census Bureau terminology, this corresponds to the undercount “factor,” 

while the undercount “rate” is the net undercount divided by the adjusted, or actual, population. As a 

percent of the unadjusted population, the estimated Census 2000 undercount would be 1.78 percent.

7

 Bureau of the Census, Report to Congress--The Plan for Census 2000, August 1997. 
6 

Table 2. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by State 

State 2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Census Undercount 

Without adjustment 

for undercount 

With adjustment 

for undercount 

Numbera

 Rateb

1990 

Undercount 

Rateb

United States 274,633,905 279,520,570 4,886,665 1.75 1.59 

 

Alabama 4,450,583 4,529,922 79,339 1.75 1.78 

Alaska 653,293 666,937 13,644 2.05 2.00 

Arizona 4,797,526 4,920,243 122,717 2.49 2.38 

Arkansas 2,631,383 2,677,467 46,084 1.72 1.75 

California 32,521,102 33,529,783 1,008,681 3.01 2.74 

Colorado 4,168,224 4,258,653 90,429 2.12 2.06 

Connecticut 3,284,142 3,312,393 28,251 0.85 0.64 

Delaware 767,559 782,464 14,905 1.90 1.80 

District of Columbia 523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59 3.41 

Florida 15,233,224 15,569,941 336,717 2.16 1.97 

Georgia 7,874,792 8,054,395 179,603 2.23 2.15 

Hawaii 1,257,404 1,281,917 24,513 1.91 1.85 

Idaho 1,346,506 1,377,221 30,715 2.23 2.19 

Illinois 12,050,818 12,182,404 131,586 1.08 0.99 

Indiana 6,044,528 6,075,839 31,311 0.52 0.50 

Iowa 2,899,829 2,913,111 13,282 0.46 0.42 

Kansas 2,668,263 2,689,010 20,747 0.77 0.70 

Kentucky 3,994,566 4,058,881 64,315 1.58 1.62 

Louisiana 4,424,618 4,523,993 99,375 2.20 2.18 

Maine 1,259,170 1,268,481 9,311 0.73 0.74 

Maryland 5,274,608 5,395,635 121,027 2.24 2.07 

Massachusetts 6,198,746 6,244,609 45,863 0.73 0.48 

Michigan 9,678,943 9,751,789 72,846 0.75 0.71 

Minnesota 4,829,798 4,855,828 26,030 0.54 0.44 

Mississippi 2,815,743 2,876,098 60,355 2.10 2.14 

Missouri 5,540,378 5,576,552 36,174 0.65 0.62 

Montana 949,657 972,459 22,802 2.34 2.36 

Nebraska 1,705,467 1,717,719 12,252 0.71 0.65 

Nevada 1,871,299 1,919,561 48,262 2.51 2.35 

New Hampshire 1,224,230 1,234,846 10,616 0.86 0.84 

New Jersey 8,177,791 8,250,120 72,329 0.88 0.57 

New Mexico 1,860,397 1,920,618 60,221 3.14 3.10 

New York 18,146,185 18,474,607 328,422 1.78 1.49 

North Carolina 7,777,253 7,928,110 150,857 1.90 1.86 

North Dakota 661,689 666,663 4,974 0.75 0.66 

Ohio 11,318,718 11,400,840 82,122 0.72 0.68 

Oklahoma 3,372,514 3,435,350 62,836 1.83 1.79 

Oregon 3,397,161 3,464,440 67,279 1.94 1.87 

Pennsylvania 12,202,050 12,250,280 48,230 0.39 0.29 

Rhode Island 997,607 1,001,737 4,130 0.41 0.13 

South Carolina 3,858,023 3,937,527 79,504 2.02 2.05 

South Dakota 777,073 785,318 8,245 1.05 0.98 

Tennessee 5,657,161 5,758,958 101,797 1.77 1.75 

Texas 20,119,335 20,727,421 608,086 2.93 2.78 

Utah 2,207,013 2,246,639 39,626 1.76 1.73 

Vermont 616,803 623,862 7,059 1.13 1.11 

Virginia 6,997,006 7,147,001 149,995 2.10 2.00 

Washington 5,858,392 5,973,573 115,181 1.93 1.85 

West Virginia 1,840,983 1,866,397 25,414 1.36 1.42 

Wisconsin 5,326,324 5,363,914 37,590 0.70 0.61 

Wyoming 524,700 536,215 11,515 2.15 2.17 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. a

 Adjusted minus unadjusted 2000 population projections. b

 Undercount as a percent of adjusted population. 

Note: Since preparation of this report, the national projection for 2000 has been updated to 275,306,000. 
7 

C. Projected 2000 Undercount by MSA and Center County 

The Census Bureau does not currently publish 2000 population projections below the 

state level. The most recent Census Bureau estimates available below the state level 

with demographic detail is the 1990 to 1998 Annual Time Series of County 

Population Estimates by Age, Sex, Race and Hispanic Origin. These estimates are 

not adjusted for the census undercount. The 1998 estimates were aggregated into five 

demographic groups (Black, American Indian/Eskimo/Aleut, Asian/Pacific Islander, 

White Hispanic, White Non-Hispanic) by county and projected to 2000 levels.8

Adjusted 2000 county population counts were estimated using the adjustment factors 

from the 1990 census. Specifically, for each of the five demographic groups within 

each county, the adjusted 2000 population was estimated as the product of the 

unadjusted 2000 population and the appropriate adjustment factor determined from 

the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey (see Section II.A, above). Adjusted and 

unadjusted 2000 population projections for metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) 

were calculated by aggregating the counties within each area.9 The Census 2000 

undercount for each county was estimated as the difference between the county’s 

adjusted and unadjusted 2000 population projection. 

Metropolitan Areas 

Because demographic groups with high undercount rates are more concentrated in 

urban areas, undercount rates in MSAs are generally higher than the national average. 

In total, the undercount rate for all MSAs reaches 1.82 percent. The 25 MSAs with 

the highest undercount rates are shown in Table 3. The MSAs with the largest 

estimated Census 2000 undercount rate are Flagstaff, AZ (5.28 percent); El Paso, TX 

(4.32 percent); and Merced, CA (4.28 percent). In addition to Arizona, Texas, and 

California, the top 25 list includes MSAs located in Florida, Washington, the District 

of Columbia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, and Oregon. (The 2000 

population projections for all MSAs are contained in Appendix B.) 

 

8

 The 1990-1998 growth rates by demographic group by county were used to project 2000 population 

totals. The projections were controlled to match the Census Bureau’s 2000 projections at the state 

level. 

9

 Metropolitan areas are designated as Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), Primary Metropolitan 

Statistical Areas (PMSAs), and New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs) by the Census 

Bureau. For simplicity, all three designations are referred to as MSAs in this report. For MSAs which 

span state boundaries, components in separate states are reported in the state containing the 

component. 
8 

Table 3. Census 2000 Undercount by Metropolitan Area: 25 MSAs with the 

Largest Undercount Rates 

MSA 2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount 

Without 

adjustment for 

undercount 

With adjustment 

for undercount 

Number Ratea

Total, All MSAs 219,885,182 223,969,889 4,084,707 1.82

 

1. Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (AZ 

portion) 

115,603 122,042 6,438 5.28 

2. El Paso, TX MSA 695,704 727,138 31,434 4.32 

3. Merced, CA MSA 197,539 206,382 8,842 4.28 

4. McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX 

MSA 

529,394 552,940 23,546 4.26 

5. Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA 

MSA 

356,810 372,135 15,326 4.12 

6. Fresno, CA MSA 878,648 916,099 37,450 4.09 

7. Miami, FL PMSA 2,151,727 2,241,902 90,176 4.02 

8. Corpus Christi, TX MSA 382,536 397,393 14,858 3.74 

9. Yolo, CA PMSA 152,176 158,020 5,844 3.70 

10. San Antonio, TX MSA 1,540,126 1,599,034 58,908 3.68 

11. Salinas, CA MSA 359,044 372,718 13,675 3.67 

12. Yakima, WA MSA 219,116 227,350 8,234 3.62 

13. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 

PMSA 

9,109,292 9,450,954 341,662 3.62 

14. Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV 

PMSA (DC portion) 

523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59 

15. Jersey City, NJ PMSA 548,813 568,647 19,833 3.49 

16. Bryan-College Station, TX MSA 134,511 139,182 4,671 3.36 

17. Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA 554,293 573,393 19,100 3.33 

18. Houston, TX PMSA 4,019,454 4,157,348 137,894 3.32 

19. Santa Barbara-Santa MariaLompoc, CA MSA 382,182 395,191 13,009 3.29 

20. Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA 1,162,314 1,201,692 39,378 3.28 

21. Brownsville-Harlingen-San 

Benito, TX MSA 

325,178 336,155 10,978 3.27 

22. Las Cruces, NM MSA 183,866 190,039 6,173 3.25 

23. New York, NY PMSA 8,729,589 9,020,776 291,187 3.23 

24. Bakersfield, CA MSA 634,278 655,175 20,897 3.19 

25. Corvallis, OR MSA 79,643 82,244 2,600 3.16 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 

a

 Undercount as a percent of adjusted population. 
9 

Center Counties 

For purposes of this report, the “center county” of an MSA is defined as the county 

containing the MSA’s central city.10 Where the central city boundary crosses a 

county line, each county that contains a portion of the central city is treated as a 

center county. In a few instances, an MSA has more than one central city. In these 

cases the county containing each central city is treated as a center county.11

Because of their demographic composition, the center counties of the MSAs generally 

experience undercount rates higher than the overall MSA. In total, the undercount 

rate for all center counties reaches 2.04 percent. The 25 center counties with the 

highest undercount rates are shown in Table 4. The three center counties with the 

highest estimated Census 2000 undercount rates are Coconino County, AZ (5.28 

percent), Bronx County, NY (5.25 percent), and El Paso County, TX (4.32 percent). 

In addition to Arizona, New York, and Texas, the top 25 list contains counties in 

California, Florida, Washington, the District of Columbia, New Jersey, Louisiana, 

and Maryland. The 2000 population projections for all Center Counties are contained 

in Appendix C. Appendix D presents the undercount totals and undercount rates for 

the center counties by demographic group. 

 

10 Note that this definition of center county, a term specific to this report, differs in a few cases from 

the Census Bureau definition of “central county.” In some cases, the Bureau designates counties as 

“central” even when they do not contain a central city. We have excluded such counties from our 

definition of center county. 

11 In addition to the counties containing central cities, we also identify and present results for the 

remaining counties containing boroughs of New York City. Thus, we include Bronx County, Kings 

County, Queens County, and Richmond County in our list and tables of counties containing central 

cities. 
10 

Table 4. Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central City: 

25 Counties with the Largest Undercount Rates 

MSA 2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount 

Without 

adjustment for 

undercount 

With adjustment 

for undercount 

Number Ratea

Total, Center Counties 173,685,927 177,300,582 3,614,655 2.04

 

1. Coconino County, AZ 115,603 122,042 6,438 5.28 

2. Bronx County, NY 1,203,154 1,269,772 66,618 5.25 

3. El Paso County, TX 695,704 727,138 31,434 4.32 

4. Merced County, CA 197,539 206,382 8,842 4.28 

5. Hidalgo County, TX 529,394 552,940 23,546 4.26 

6. Kings County, NY 2,266,301 2,364,112 97,812 4.14 

7. Tulare County, CA 356,810 372,135 15,326 4.12 

8. Fresno County, CA 760,018 792,449 32,432 4.09 

9. New York County, NY 1,567,069 1,633,366 66,297 4.06 

10. Madera County, CA 118,631 123,649 5,019 4.06 

11. Miami-Dade County, FL 2,151,727 2,241,902 90,176 4.02 

12. Bexar County, TX 1,345,373 1,399,723 54,350 3.88 

13. Nueces County, TX 310,288 322,595 12,307 3.81 

14. Yolo County, CA 152,176 158,020 5,844 3.70 

15. Travis County, TX 733,808 761,968 28,160 3.70 

16. Monterey County, CA 359,044 372,718 13,675 3.67 

17. Franklin County, WA 46,862 48,644 1,782 3.66 

18. Yakima County, WA 219,116 227,350 8,234 3.62 

19. Los Angeles County, CA 9,109,292 9,450,954 341,662 3.62 

20. District of Columbia 523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59 

21. Harris County, TX 3,236,068 3,356,335 120,267 3.58 

22. Hudson County, NJ 548,813 568,647 19,833 3.49 

23. San Patricio County, TX 72,248 74,798 2,551 3.41 

24. Orleans Parish, LA 461,364 477,626 16,262 3.40 

25. Baltimore City, MD 627,252 649,222 21,970 3.38 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 

a

 Undercount as a percent of adjusted population.
11 

III. FUNDING EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT 

A. Federal Programs Analyzed

This study examines the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of 

funds under eight federal grant programs: (1) Medicaid; (2) Foster Care; (3) 

Rehabilitation Services Basic Support; (4) Social Services Block Grant; (5) Substance 

Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant; (6) Adoption Assistance; (7) Child 

Care and Development Block Grant; and (8) Vocational Education Basic Grants. 

These eight programs account for all of the funding shifts identified in the General 

Accounting Office study of the effects of the 1990 census undercount on federal 

funding to states in fiscal year 1998. 

According to the Congressional Research Service, $185 billion in federal grants was 

allocated to states and localities using census population data in FY 1998. The GAO 

study focused on 25 large formula grant programs, representing 90 percent of the 

total. Of the 25 programs analyzed in the GAO study, ten programs (amounting to 

$20 billion) were excluded because their funding formulae depended on population 

variables for which undercount rates are not available (e.g., the population below the 

poverty line). Of the remaining 15 programs, seven of the programs (amounting to 

$30 billion) were not affected by the undercount because the formulae used 

population figures adjusted for the undercount or the formulae had components which 

made the undercount immaterial. 

The remaining eight programs (listed in Table 5) were affected by the undercount. 

These programs represent over 82 percent of the funding under programs over $500 

million that depend on unadjusted census counts. 

Table 5: Federal Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations 

[Obligations in billions of dollars; Programs over $500 million affected by census undercount] 

Program Obligations 

Medicaid $100.5 

Foster Care 3.5 

Social Services Block Grant 2.3 

Rehabilitation Services Basic Support 2.2 

Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant 1.4 

Vocational Education Basic Grants 1.0 

Child Care and Development Block Grant 1.0 

Adoption Assistance 0.7

 Subtotal, eight programs included in study 112.6 

Total, federal grants over $500 million affected by census 

undercounta $136.7 a

 Calculated by subtracting the funding for the seven programs found by GAO to be unaffected 

by the undercount ($30 billion) from the funding for the 25 largest programs allocated using 

census figures ($167 billion). 

 Source: Budget of the United States, FY 2000, GAO, and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 
12 

B. Current Services Funding Levels over FY 2002-2012 Period 

Depending on the first year of impact, Census 2000 will affect federal grant 

allocations over the 2002-2011 or the 2003-2012 period.12

For each of the eight federal grant programs analyzed in this report, the 

Administration’s FY 2000 budget projects Current Services funding levels through 

2009. The Current Services Budget estimates funding levels necessary to continue 

programs at a level equal to the most recently funded year (i.e., 1999 for the 2000 

budget). In essence, it is a prediction of the funding necessary to support current law 

expenditures over the budget period. 

The Current Services Budget projects funding of discretionary programs will grow 

with inflation. Unlike entitlement programs, the funding of discretionary programs is 

dependent on the annual Congressional appropriations process. Three of the eight 

federal grant programs included in this study are classified as discretionary: (1) 

Substance Abuse Block Grant, (2) Vocational Education, and (3) Child Care and 

Development Block Grant. The Current Services Budget projects that funding for 

entitlement programs will grow with the underlying eligible population and inflation. 

Three of the federal programs included in this study are classified as entitlement 

programs: (1) Medicaid, (2) Foster Care, and (3) Adoption Assistance. The 

remaining two programs included in this study, Social Services Block Grant and 

Rehabilitation Services, are mandatory programs that are projected to grow at rates 

consistent with their enacting legislation. 

The fiscal year 2000 budget includes Current Services funding levels through 2009. 

Funding levels for the eight programs included in this study were extrapolated 

through 2012 based on the growth rates projected by the Office of Management and 

Budget over the FY 2000-2009 budget period (see Table 6).13

Assuming the Current Services spending levels, census population counts from 

Census 2000 will be used to distribute almost $2.3 trillion over the 2002-2012 fiscal 

year period. 

 

12 This report assumes that the effects Census 2000 are not incorporated until 2000 population figures 

are used in allocation formulas. If population estimates from earlier years, such as 1999, are adjusted 

consistent with Census 2000, allocations could be affected before 2002. 

13 The Administration’s FY 2000 budget projects that the GDP price index (a measure of inflation) will 

rise at 2.1 percent annually over the 2000-2009 period. Accordingly, Current Services funding levels 

for discretionary programs are extrapolated through 2012 assuming an annual growth rate of 2.1 

percent. The Current Services Budget projects slowing growth for the entitlement programs; this trend 

is assumed to continue over the 2010-2012 period. Current Services funding levels for the remaining 

mandatory programs are extrapolated over the 2010-1012 period using their annual growth rates over 

the 2000-2009 budget period (2.3 percent for Rehabilitation Services, zero percent for the Social 

Services Block Grant). 
13 

Table 6. Current Services Budget Projections for Eight Federal Grant Programs, FY 200

[Fiscal Years; Millions of Dollars]

Program 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 1. Medicaid - $141,197 $152,321 $164,900 $178,800 $193,600 $209,400 $226,000 $243,403 $2

2. Foster Care - 5,724 6,150 6,612 7,110 7,645 8,222 8,843 9,506 3. Adoption Assistance - 1,564 1,804 2,061 2,360 2,675 3,034 3,442 3,903 4. Rehabilitation Services 

 Basic Support 2,448 2,504 2,562 2,621 2,681 2,743 2,806 2,870 2,937 

5. Substance Abuse Prevention 

 and Treatment Block Grant - 1,725 1,761 1,798 1,836 1,875 1,914 1,954 1,995 

6. Social Services Block Grant 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 7. Vocational Education 

 Basic Grants 1,113 1,137 1,161 1,185 1,210 1,236 1,262 1,288 1,315 

8. Child Care and Development 

 Block Grant 1,063 1,086 1,108 1,131 1,155 1,179 1,204 1,229 1,255 

Total $6,324 $156,637 $168,567 $182,009 $196,853 $212,653 $229,542 $247,327 $266,014 $2

Source: Administration Fiscal Year 2000 Budget and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 

Note: Baseline estimates are shown for the 10-year period over which funding levels are affected by Census 2000. 
 14 

C. Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on States 

State allocation shares under federal grant programs are determined before the onset 

of the funding year; thus, state allocations for the current year are based on population 

estimates from several years earlier. The Census Bureau publishes population 

estimates for the years between decennial censuses. These estimates are based on the 

decennial population enumeration and are updated using administrative records (e.g., 

birth and death certificates). Consequently, errors in the decennial population count 

persist for ten years, until the next census enumeration. Consequently, the Census 

2000 undercount will affect federal grant allocations over a ten-year period. 

For example, the funding formula for the Social Services Block Grant program 

depends on population estimates from the second prior year. Thus, Census 2000 will 

affect Social Services Block Grant allocations over the 2002-2011 period. For the 

eight programs included in this report, Census 2000 will first affect grant allocations 

in either 2002 or 2003, and the effect will persist over the 2002-2011 or 2003-2012 

period, depending on the program. 

The effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of federal funds to states 

initially was calculated for a base year and then extrapolated to the 2002-2012 period. 

The base year for each grant program was determined as the most recent year for 

which data were available for all of the variables (other than population) in the 

funding formula. For example, the formula for Vocational Education depends on 

personal income by state as released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). 

The most recent personal income figures available are for 1998; consequently, the 

base year for the Vocational Education program in this study is 2000. 

Once a base year was established for each program, state funding allocations were 

calculated using both official and adjusted 2000 state population projections. These 

calculations take into account all elements of the current funding formulae, including 

hold harmless and minimum share provisions. Each state’s share of national program 

funding in the base year could then be determined under both the official and adjusted 

2000 population projections. The difference between these two shares of national 

program funding is an estimate of the impact of the Census 2000 undercount on the 

state’s allocation of federal funds. For example, suppose that a state’s share of 

federal program funds increases from 3.0 percent to 3.1 percent, in the base year, as a 

result of using adjusted versus official 2000 population projections. For this state, the 

effect of the Census 2000 undercount is estimated to be a loss of 0.1 percent (3.1 

percent minus 3.0 percent) of national program funding. 

For the eight federal grant programs analyzed in this study, the Census 2000 

undercount is estimated to reduce federal funding in 26 states and the District of 

Columbia by $9.l billion over the 2002-2012 period (see Table 7). In 2003 alone, the 

undercount is estimated to reduce federal funds allocated to these states by $636 

million. By comparison, the General Accounting Office estimated that the effect of 

the 1990 census undercount on these federal programs was to shift $449 million 

among states. The 42 percent increase in the estimated impact of the census 
 15 

undercount between 1998 and 2003 (from $449 million to $636 million) reflects both 

the increase in the undercount rate between the 1990 and 2000 censuses and the 

underlying growth in federal grant programs. 

States that are counted relatively well in the census are estimated to receive higher 

levels of federal funding as a result of the undercount; however, the additional federal 

funds received by these states are less than the loss of federal funds in the other states. 

The effect of census undercounts on the federal funding of entitlement programs is 

not a “zero-sum game” among the states because an increase in funding to one state 

does not require a reduction in funding to other states. For the federal programs 

analyzed in this study, federal funds allocated to all 50 states and the District of 

Columbia are estimated to be $722 million less over the 2002-2012 fiscal year period 

as a result of the Census 2000 undercount. 

 

In the District of Columbia and the 26 states that are estimated to lose federal funding 

as a result of the Census 2000 undercount, the losses of funds over the 2002-2012 

period for the eight analyzed programs range between insignificant and over $5,000 

per person missed by the census in each jurisdictions (see Table 8).14 The funding 

loss in these states and the District of Columbia in 2003, the first year fully impacted 

by the undercount, averages $159 per uncounted individual. This figure is 

comparable to GAO’s 1998 estimate of $145 per uncounted individual. 

Of the eight federal programs analyzed in this report, Medicaid accounts for 91 

percent of the federal funds that would be shifted as a result of the Census 2000 

undercount. As a percent of total program funding, the programs most affected by the 

Census 2000 undercount are Rehabilitation Services (0.62 percent) and the Child 

Care and Development Block Grant (0.58 percent). Table 9 summarizes the impact 

of the Census 2000 undercount by program. 

 

14 Because of statutory provisions which guarantee minimum reimbursement rates, Medicaid funding 

for certain states would remain the same using either adjusted or unadjusted population counts. Some 

states, like New York, receive the minimum reimbursement of 50 percent of state expenditures under 

adjusted or unadjusted figures. The District of Columbia has a reimbursement rate set by statute at 70 

percent. These areas experience significant undercounts, but the Medicaid minimum reimbursement 

provisions limit the federal funding losses from the undercount. Table F-5 in Appendix F lists the 

effect of the census undercount on state funding levels under the Medicaid program. 
 16 

Table 7. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State on Eight Federal 

Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012 

[Fiscal Years; Millions of Dollars] 

State 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

 

2012 

 

2002-2012 

Percent of Total 

Funding 

Alabama -* -$0.1 -$0.2 -$0.2 -$0.2 -$0.3 -$2.3 -0.01%

Alaska -* -1.5 -1.6 -1.8 -1.9 -3.0 -22.0 -0.36% 

Arizona -0.9 -14.4 -15.5 -16.7 -18.1 -26.8 -205.8 -0.71% 

Arkansas * 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 3.7 0.02% 

California -12.3 -350.9 -377.8 -408.0 -441.4 -672.8 -5,047.8 -2.15% 

Colorado -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -5.4 -0.03% 

Connecticut 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 6.2 0.02% 

Delaware -* -* -* -* -* 0.0 -0.4 -0.01% 

District of Columbia -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -2.1 -0.02% 

Florida -1.6 -35.5 -38.2 -41.2 -44.6 -67.3 -509.3 -0.61% 

Georgia -1.1 -19.0 -20.4 -22.1 -23.8 -35.5 -272.0 -0.62% 

Hawaii -* -1.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.8 -2.7 -20.3 -0.30% 

Idaho -0.1 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4 -2.5 -3.9 -29.1 -0.37% 

Illinois 2.3 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 0.9 32.6 0.04% 

Indiana 2.1 37.0 39.8 42.9 46.4 69.3 529.3 1.50% 

Iowa 1.1 19.8 21.3 23.0 24.9 37.5 284.7 1.45% 

Kansas 0.9 12.8 13.8 14.9 16.0 23.7 182.8 1.25% 

Kentucky 0.2 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.6 6.9 52.3 0.13% 

Louisiana -0.5 -12.8 -13.7 -14.8 -16.1 -24.3 -183.6 -0.37% 

Maine 0.4 10.6 11.4 12.3 13.4 20.4 152.8 1.01% 

Maryland -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.1 -8.7 -0.03% 

Massachusetts 1.6 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 0.5 22.1 0.04% 

Michigan 3.1 77.3 83.3 90.0 97.4 148.9 1,116.5 1.50% 

Minnesota 1.6 46.4 49.9 53.9 58.3 88.9 667.0 2.10% 

Mississippi -0.3 -4.3 -4.7 -5.0 -5.5 -8.1 -62.2 -0.21% 

Missouri 1.7 46.5 50.1 54.1 58.5 88.8 668.5 1.39% 

Montana -0.2 -1.8 -1.9 -2.1 -2.2 -3.2 -25.2 -0.43% 

Nebraska 0.5 11.9 12.8 13.9 15.0 22.7 171.2 1.26% 

Nevada -0.3 -1.7 -1.8 -1.9 -2.0 -2.5 -22.4 -0.34% 

New Hampshire 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 3.1 0.04% 

New Jersey 1.6 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 0.8 24.1 0.04% 

New Mexico -0.6 -11.1 -12.0 -12.9 -13.9 -20.9 -159.1 -0.94% 

New York 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -1.8 -* 

North Carolina -0.4 -9.1 -9.8 -10.6 -11.5 -17.4 -131.2 -0.19% 

North Dakota 0.2 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 5.2 40.1 0.77% 

Ohio 3.3 86.3 92.9 100.3 108.5 164.7 1,240.1 1.37% 

Oklahoma -0.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.8 -14.2 -0.06% 

Oregon -0.1 -3.9 -4.2 -4.6 -4.9 -7.5 -56.4 -0.24% 

Pennsylvania 4.3 160.8 173.1 187.1 202.4 310.3 2,316.2 2.21% 

Rhode Island 0.4 17.2 18.5 20.0 21.7 33.6 248.8 2.20% 

South Carolina -0.3 -5.7 -6.1 -6.6 -7.2 -10.8 -81.9 -0.23% 

South Dakota 0.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 4.1 31.9 0.58% 

Tennessee -0.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -2.2 -16.2 -0.03% 

Texas -7.0 -133.8 -143.8 -155.1 -167.6 -250.9 -1,912.2 -1.45% 

Utah 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.8 0.01% 

Vermont 0.1 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.9 6.0 44.7 0.68% 

Virginia -0.7 -12.3 -13.3 -14.3 -15.5 -23.2 -176.7 -0.61% 

Washington -0.2 -8.7 -9.3 -10.1 -10.9 -16.8 -125.1 -0.32% 

West Virginia 0.2 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.8 7.2 54.9 0.26% 

Wisconsin 1.6 34.0 36.6 39.5 42.8 64.7 488.9 1.38% 

Wyoming -* -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -1.6 -12.3 -0.42% 

Total, United States $0.0 -$49.8 -$53.7 -$58.1 -$63.0 -$98.6 -$721.9 -0.03% 

 Funding Gains $28.7 $586.1 $630.4 $680.3 $735.4 $1,106.2 $8,396.3 0.38% 

 Funding Losses -$28.7 -$636.0 -$684.1 -$738.4 -$798.3 -$1,204.8 -$9,118.2 -0.42% 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a gain of less than $50,000; a negative asterisk (-*), a loss of less than $50,000 or 0.005%. 
 17 

 

Table 8. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 

2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Programs: 

States with High Undercounts, FY 2002-2012 

 State Funding Loss 

 Per Uncounted 

 Individual 

 Alabama -$28 

 Alaska -1,609 

 Arizona -1,677 

 California -5,004 

 Colorado -60 

 Delaware -25 

 District of Columbia -106 

 Florida -1,512 

 Georgia -1,514 

 Hawaii -828 

 Idaho -946 

 Louisiana -1,847 

 Maryland -72 

 Mississippi -1,030 

 Montana -1,105 

 Nevada -463 

 New Mexico -2,642 

 New York -5 

 North Carolina -870 

 Oklahoma -226 

 Oregon -839 

 South Carolina -1,030 

 Tennessee -159 

 Texas -3,145 

 Virginia -1,178 

 Washington -1,086 

 Wyoming -$1,066 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 
 18 

Table 9. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by Federal Grant 

Program, FY 2002-2012 

[Millions of Dollars] 

 

 State Funding State Funding Losses as a Gains as a 

 Total Losses Due to Gains Due to Percent of Percent of 

Funding Undercount Undercount Total Funding Total Funding 

 

Medicaid $1,996,846 -$8,309 $7,664 -0.42% 0.38% 

 

Foster Care 80,991 -303 226 -0.37% 0.28% 

 

Rehabilitation Services 

 Basic Support 27,176 -169 169 -0.62% 0.62% 

 

Social Services Block Grant 16,905 -63 63 -0.38% 0.38% 

 

Substance Abuse Prevention 

 and Treatment Block Grant 17,757 -89 89 -0.50% 0.50% 

 

Adoption Assistance 30,289 -106 106 -0.35% 0.35% 

 

Child Care and Development 

 Block Grant 11,693 -67 67 -0.58% 0.58% 

 

Vocational Education 

 Basic Grants 11,394 -11 11 -0.10% 0.10% 

 

Total $2,193,052 -$9,118 $8,396 -0.42% 0.38% 

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. 

Note: Total funding levels reflect totals of amounts distributed to states. Amounts distributed to territories and 

 undistributed amounts are excluded. 
 19 

D. Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on MSAs 

This section analyzes the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on metropolitan areas. 

The metropolitan area effects are estimated under the assumption that states allocate 

federal funds among MSAs in proportion to their official census population counts. 

The Census 2000 undercount can affect federal funding to metropolitan areas in two 

ways. First, the undercount at the state level affects the allocation of funds among the 

states, which alters the amount of funds that states have available to pass through to 

local governments (the “between-state” funding effect). For example, the Census 

2000 undercount is estimated to cause the state of Illinois to receive a larger share of 

the federal funds under the programs analyzed than it would with an accurate census 

count (other states, therefore, receive a smaller share because of the undercount). 

Metropolitan areas in the state, such as Chicago, benefit from the fact that the state 

receives these additional funds. The between-state effect measures the effect on 

metropolitan areas of the funding shifts among the states due to the census 

undercount. 

Second, the undercount at the local level may affect a state’s allocation of federal 

funds among its counties (the “within-state” funding effect). Assuming the state 

allocates funds to local areas within the state using population counts, any undercount 

would distort the flow of funds within the state. Because Chicago is estimated to 

experience a high undercount rate relative to the other areas in Illinois, it receives a 

smaller share of the state funds than it would have gotten under an accurate census 

count. Therefore, it experiences a negative within-state effect. The within-state

effect measures the impact of the undercount on funding allocations within states. 

The “net” funding effect of the census undercount on a metropolitan area is the sum 

of the between-state and within-state funding effects. Because the between-state and 

within-state effects could have the same or different signs, the net effect could be 

larger or smaller than the between-state or within-state effects alone. 

1. Between-State Funding Effect 

For the metropolitan areas within each state, the between-state funding effect was 

estimated in three steps. First, the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the state’s 

level of federal funding was calculated for the 2002-2012 period (see section III.C., 

above). Second, the funding effect at the state level was apportioned among the 

counties in proportion to their unadjusted population counts. Third, between-state 

funding effects at the MSA level were determined by summing the county-level 

effects. Thus, metropolitan areas in states that lose federal funding as a result of the 

Census 2000 undercount are each estimated to share proportionately in this funding 

loss. 
 20 

2. Within-State Funding Effect 

For the metropolitan areas within each state, the within-state funding effect was 

estimated in five steps. First, the state’s share of federal funding over the 2002-2012 

period was determined based on adjusted 2000 population counts (as described in 

section III.C., above). Second, state funding was apportioned among the counties in 

proportion to their projected 2000 adjusted census counts. Third, state funding was 

apportioned among the counties in proportion to their projected 2000 official

(unadjusted) census counts. Fourth, the within-state funding effect was estimated by 

subtracting the county funding levels determined in step two (based on adjusted

population counts) from step three (based on official population counts). Finally, 

within-state funding effects at the MSA level were determined by aggregating the 

county-level effects. 

Metropolitan areas with an undercount rate higher than the overall state average have 

a negative within-state funding effect, while relatively well counted areas have a 

positive within-state funding effect. 

3. Net Funding Effect 

For the metropolitan areas within each state, the net funding effect of the Census 

2000 undercount over the 2002-2012 period was calculated as the sum of the 

between-state and within-state funding effects. For any metropolitan area, these two 

funding effects can work in the same or opposite directions. For example, Chicago is 

estimated to have a positive $22 million between-state funding effect, because the 

State of Illinois is relatively well counted by the census. However, Chicago is 

estimated to have a negative $147 million within-state funding effect because it is 

relatively poorly counted by the census compared to other jurisdictions within the 

state. Thus, the net federal funding effect in Chicago of the Census 2000 undercount 

is negative $125 million ($147 million less $22 million) over the 2002-2012 period, 

because the funding loss from the within-state effect is larger than the funding gain 

from the between-state effect. 

In total, the 169 metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount lose $11.1 

billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 period, or $3,391 per uncounted person 

in these jurisdictions. The within-state effects cause the sum of the losses by 

metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount to exceed the loss by states 

adversely affected by the undercount ($9.1 billion). 

Table 10 shows the net funding effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the 25 

MSAs that are estimated to experience the largest loss in federal funding over the 

2002-2012 period. The New York, NY metropolitan area is estimated to suffer the 

largest federal funding loss ($2.3 billion), followed by Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 

($1.8 billion) and Houston, TX ($0.5 billion). Results for all MSAs are shown in 

Appendix G. 
 21 

This analysis only considers the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on federal

funds allocated to local governments. Because a variety of state grant programs are 

also distributed to local governments on the basis of official population counts, the 

total shift in funds from federal and state grant programs will likely be larger than the 

estimates in this report. 

Table 10. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Losses, FY 2002-2012 

[Dollar amounts in thousands]

 MSA Net Funding 

Effect 

1. New York, NY PMSA -$2,260,671 

2. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA -1,836,419 

3. Houston, TX PMSA -488,298 

4. Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA -441,468 

5. San Diego, CA MSA -371,816 

6. Miami, FL PMSA -301,651 

7. Oakland, CA PMSA -299,321 

8. Dallas, TX PMSA -298,844 

9. Orange County, CA PMSA -296,314 

10. San Antonio, TX MSA -226,421 

11. Fresno, CA MSA -209,253 

12. San Jose, CA PMSA -188,284 

13. San Francisco, CA PMSA -179,890 

14. Atlanta, GA MSA -157,499 

15. Sacramento, CA PMSA -157,478 

16. Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA -137,984 

17. El Paso, TX MSA -133,519 

18. Chicago, IL PMSA -124,952 

19. Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA -115,273 

20. Jersey City, NJ PMSA -110,615 

21. Bakersfield, CA MSA -107,199 

22. Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA -99,667 

23. McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA -99,185 

24. New Orleans, LA MSA -97,116 

25. Newark, NJ PMSA -$88,969 

 Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
 22 

E. Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Center Counties 

The demographic make-up of the central city within a metropolitan area frequently is 

quite different than the surrounding suburbs. As a result, census undercount rates can 

vary dramatically between the central city and the surrounding metropolitan area, and 

this can affect the allocation of federal grants within metropolitan areas. These intrametropolitan area funding effects are shown in Table 11, which reports the net effect 

of the Census 2000 undercount on federal funding to the 25 center counties most 

adversely affected by the undercount. (Funding effects for all center counties are 

contained in Appendix H.) The center county within an MSA is the county that 

contains the MSA’s central city. For central cities that span several counties, funding 

effects are reported for each county that includes part of the central city. 

The three center counties that are estimated to suffer the largest loss in federal 

funding over the 2002-2012 period as a result of the Census 2000 undercount are: 

Los Angeles County, CA ($1.8 billion); Kings County, NY ($1.0 billion); and Bronx 

County, NY ($0.8 billion). 

Because this analysis ignores any state and metropolitan programs that could 

contribute funds to counties, the figures presented here could underestimate the 

impact of the Census 2000 undercount. If state and local programs rely on population 

counts to distribute funds to counties, the distortions caused by the undercount could 

be larger. 
 23 

Table 11. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant 

Programs: 25 Center Counties with the Largest Funding Loss, FY 2002-2012 

[Dollar amounts in thousands] 

 Center County Net Funding 

Effect 

1. Los Angeles County, CA -$1,836,419 

2. Kings County, NYa -963,822 

3. Bronx County, NYa -760,928 

4. New York County, NYa -643,772 

5. Harris County, TX -453,026 

6. San Diego County, CA -371,816 

7. Miami-Dade County, FL -301,651 

8. Orange County, CA -296,314 

9. Dallas County, TX -255,883 

10. Queens County, NYa -251,623 

11. San Bernardino County, CA -234,917 

12. Alameda County, CA -232,643 

13. Cook County, IL -219,003 

14. Bexar County, TX -216,515 

15. Riverside County, CA -206,551 

16. Santa Clara County, CA -188,284 

17. Fresno County, CA -181,270 

18. Suffolk County, MA -154,058 

19. El Paso County, TX -133,519 

20. Sacramento County, CA -132,891 

21. Essex County, NJ -131,641 

22. San Francisco County, CA -113,461 

23. Tarrant County, TX -113,168 

24. Hudson County, NJ -110,615 

25. Travis County, TX -$108,483 

 Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations. a

 Although New York County, NY is the sole “center” county for New 

 York City, the counties containing the other boroughs of New York City 

 have also been included in the analysis. 
 24 

IV. CONCLUSION 

Congress relies on the census for purposes of allocating various federal grant 

programs to state governments. Inaccuracies in the census count can cause federal 

funds to be distributed in a way that is not fully consistent with congressional intent. 

Many state-funded grant programs to localities also rely on census counts, 

compounding the misallocation of grant money. From the perspective of jurisdictions 

that are counted relatively poorly by the census, this translates into fewer services 

provided by programs that generally are directed towards families with special needs. 

By participating in Census 2000, all Americans can help ensure that their 

communities are not short-changed in the allocation of federal and state program 

funding. 

This study expands on previous research by the GAO and U.S. Conference of 

Mayors. First, the Census 2000 undercount is estimated using updated demographic 

characteristics that affect undercount rates. Second, the funding effects of the 

undercount are estimated for the entire decade affected by the census figures. 

Using information from the 1990 census, the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey, and 

more recent census estimates, PwC projects Census 2000 will underestimate the 

actual population by almost five million individuals, representing an undercount rate 

of 1.75 percent of the true population. Using demographic analysis of confidential 

administrative records to supplement undercount factors from the Post-Enumeration 

Survey, the Census Bureau has estimated that the Census 2000 undercount rate will 

be 1.9 percent of the true population. 

Members of minority groups and children experience undercount rates that exceed 

those for the rest of the population. The net undercount rate for children is estimated 

to reach 3.36 percent, and the rate for certain minority groups exceeds five percent. 

The census undercount affects the flow of federal funds to metropolitan areas both 

because it shifts federal resources among state governments and because it alters the 

way states allocate funds to localities. Because of the high undercount in urban areas, 

the shift in federal funds due to the Census 2000 undercount is particularly large in 

metropolitan areas and center counties. 

For the eight federal grant programs analyzed in this study, the Census 2000 

undercount is estimated to cause the District of Columbia and 26 states adversely 

affected by the undercount to lose $9.1 billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 

fiscal year period. The shift in federal funds due to the Census 2000 undercount is 

particularly large in metropolitan areas because relatively poorly counted 

demographic groups are concentrated in urban areas. These areas not only share in 

state losses from the undercount but also lose funds to other localities within the state 

because of the high relative undercounts of urban areas. The federal funding loss to 

the 169 metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount is estimated to reach 

$11.1 billion over the period, or $3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions. 

Because this report does not include all population-based federal programs or any of 
 25 

the state programs distributed using census data, these estimates should be treated as 

conservative. 

The census undercount not only redistributes funds among jurisdictions, it also causes 

a net loss in federal funding to the states from entitlement programs such as Medicaid 

and Foster Care. For the programs included in this study, the Census 2000 

undercount is estimated to reduce federal funds to all states combined by $722 

million over the 2002-2012 period. 
APPENDICES 
Appendix A: 2000 Population Projections and Estimated Undercounts by State 

by Demographic Group 
Table A-1. Unadjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 274,633,905 70,781,407 10,014,370 663,336 127,362 228,528 45,375,994 10,604,891 696,366 3,070,560

Alabama 4,450,583 1,104,468 9,465 1,150 169 440 729,195 351,371 3,710 8,968

Alaska 653,293 200,568 9,122 754 465 481 126,392 8,791 38,995 15,568

Arizona 4,797,526 1,312,642 382,601 10,413 12,975 5,568 730,136 47,755 97,843 25,351

Arkansas 2,631,383 653,862 10,557 820 262 302 497,200 135,272 4,132 5,317

California 32,521,102 9,350,149 3,771,138 101,282 43,478 90,797 3,470,988 648,984 43,843 1,179,639

Colorado 4,168,224 1,049,427 185,164 7,269 4,150 3,426 756,855 54,211 9,410 28,942

Connecticut 3,284,142 791,018 87,266 12,187 868 1,448 573,684 92,362 1,333 21,870

Delaware 767,559 190,171 7,143 1,258 85 216 132,803 44,194 452 4,020

District of Columbia 523,328 125,540 8,174 2,153 111 2,152 25,933 83,929 171 2,917

Florida 15,233,224 3,506,925 571,256 52,962 3,813 8,652 2,067,450 733,197 8,770 60,825

Georgia 7,874,792 2,069,354 53,350 5,643 678 1,690 1,242,687 722,392 3,328 39,586

Hawaii 1,257,404 328,839 21,143 1,667 975 19,516 70,590 5,908 1,326 207,714

Idaho 1,346,506 377,236 35,972 1,016 1,116 694 325,600 1,857 6,244 4,737

Illinois 12,050,818 3,140,343 422,904 19,412 2,875 7,556 1,972,664 599,920 4,309 110,703

Indiana 6,044,528 1,517,111 40,701 2,859 567 1,072 1,296,622 155,692 3,062 16,536

Iowa 2,899,829 705,395 16,933 921 437 532 649,382 20,844 2,850 13,496

Kansas 2,668,263 698,076 45,371 2,558 1,229 1,089 570,123 55,958 7,088 14,660

Kentucky 3,994,566 962,092 8,357 854 158 463 858,353 84,755 1,415 7,737

Louisiana 4,424,618 1,213,834 26,099 2,981 467 1,729 672,829 486,539 5,133 18,057

Maine 1,259,170 292,733 2,616 265 61 116 283,780 1,229 1,726 2,940

Maryland 5,274,608 1,318,962 48,466 8,972 589 6,624 770,771 423,830 3,100 56,610

Massachusetts 6,198,746 1,495,987 121,114 38,889 1,358 2,196 1,143,613 110,826 2,584 75,407

Michigan 9,678,943 2,495,197 79,423 6,712 1,992 1,945 1,885,038 457,460 16,312 46,315

Minnesota 4,829,798 1,236,236 30,202 2,451 1,403 1,303 1,064,971 55,971 24,315 55,620

Mississippi 2,815,743 766,855 5,307 733 92 179 410,250 341,031 3,101 6,162

Missouri 5,540,378 1,392,230 25,123 1,890 682 897 1,134,505 205,727 5,721 17,685

Montana 949,657 239,751 6,395 330 541 168 204,668 933 24,289 2,427

Nebraska 1,705,467 443,596 20,317 1,024 477 512 383,726 24,132 6,066 7,342

Nevada 1,871,299 450,570 84,025 3,495 1,941 2,466 292,616 39,002 6,990 20,035

New Hampshire 1,224,230 304,562 5,152 687 64 98 291,793 2,140 605 4,023

New Jersey 8,177,791 2,004,061 267,915 48,723 1,961 6,125 1,224,257 330,143 3,994 120,943

New Mexico 1,860,397 534,676 234,688 5,643 4,916 2,567 205,925 9,932 64,743 6,262

New York 18,146,185 4,620,574 687,218 207,660 5,732 13,469 2,611,354 820,258 14,389 260,494

North Carolina 7,777,253 1,907,829 33,504 3,719 594 1,403 1,286,818 527,250 28,206 26,335

North Dakota 661,689 167,733 2,517 139 139 89 147,381 1,307 14,359 1,802

Ohio 11,318,718 2,816,476 50,604 5,428 881 1,304 2,300,774 414,410 4,684 38,391

Oklahoma 3,372,514 860,897 38,563 2,699 3,514 1,339 621,950 90,521 88,973 13,338

Oregon 3,397,161 809,667 63,980 2,124 2,169 1,869 676,843 18,277 13,423 30,982

Pennsylvania 12,202,050 2,902,303 99,563 16,868 1,103 3,112 2,341,792 372,628 4,091 63,146

Rhode Island 997,607 244,722 22,428 5,084 437 621 189,719 14,844 1,684 9,905

South Carolina 3,858,023 969,625 11,104 1,480 178 659 589,360 356,146 2,000 8,698

South Dakota 777,073 210,147 2,814 181 341 80 175,244 1,630 28,026 1,831

Tennessee 5,657,161 1,376,305 15,246 1,439 276 530 1,046,162 293,723 3,058 15,871

Texas 20,119,335 5,708,788 2,047,238 50,051 12,467 19,408 2,657,688 754,506 14,539 152,891

Utah 2,207,013 719,151 48,473 1,970 1,422 1,326 623,662 6,183 15,140 20,975

Vermont 616,803 151,580 1,488 158 24 77 146,576 914 470 1,873

Virginia 6,997,006 1,696,537 69,785 7,170 835 3,432 1,136,323 405,687 3,300 70,005

Washington 5,858,392 1,459,829 120,340 5,153 4,480 5,307 1,139,854 52,535 31,441 100,719

West Virginia 1,840,983 403,489 2,888 275 48 223 381,400 15,402 458 2,795

Wisconsin 5,326,324 1,344,623 42,189 3,330 1,349 1,069 1,118,921 120,938 16,232 40,595

Wyoming 524,700 138,666 10,969 435 418 192 118,774 1,445 4,933 1,500

See note at end of table.

State State/US

Total

Total, 

Under 18

Age Under 18

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-1
Table A-1. Unadjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 274,633,905 203,852,498 18,456,734 1,222,935 219,910 432,359 151,685,250 22,963,371 1,358,368 7,513,571

Alabama 4,450,583 3,346,115 21,824 2,274 294 679 2,502,106 781,871 13,533 23,534

Alaska 653,293 452,725 16,404 1,086 633 896 334,942 17,975 51,945 28,844

Arizona 4,797,526 3,484,884 616,163 16,263 16,666 9,818 2,522,950 102,333 134,393 66,298

Arkansas 2,631,383 1,977,521 20,963 1,508 430 560 1,657,559 272,159 11,055 13,287

California 32,521,102 23,170,953 6,183,781 185,295 78,174 191,780 12,090,860 1,488,557 126,154 2,826,352

Colorado 4,168,224 3,118,797 369,374 11,504 6,964 6,293 2,510,922 124,182 20,758 68,800

Connecticut 3,284,142 2,493,124 163,136 18,528 1,192 2,697 2,048,580 200,416 4,426 54,149

Delaware 767,559 577,388 14,208 2,004 137 332 449,808 98,405 1,627 10,867

District of Columbia 523,328 397,788 23,341 3,854 356 648 126,476 231,505 680 10,928

Florida 15,233,224 11,726,299 1,612,042 114,091 8,905 19,149 8,337,477 1,426,520 30,143 177,972

Georgia 7,874,792 5,805,438 112,727 11,737 1,345 3,172 4,027,310 1,539,676 12,012 97,459

Hawaii 1,257,404 928,565 38,856 2,332 1,031 22,153 292,200 20,671 3,298 548,024

Idaho 1,346,506 969,270 53,125 1,428 1,955 1,053 885,865 4,244 11,503 10,097

Illinois 12,050,818 8,910,475 761,041 32,018 6,051 16,233 6,580,952 1,212,731 13,882 287,567

Indiana 6,044,528 4,527,417 87,281 5,227 1,031 1,713 4,041,284 339,244 10,316 41,321

Iowa 2,899,829 2,194,434 31,353 1,397 665 830 2,087,265 39,588 5,222 28,114

Kansas 2,668,263 1,970,187 80,281 4,108 1,966 1,827 1,722,870 110,843 15,613 32,679

Kentucky 3,994,566 3,032,474 19,897 1,818 301 731 2,785,185 200,200 4,878 19,464

Louisiana 4,424,618 3,210,784 77,288 7,410 990 1,953 2,118,753 951,827 12,808 39,755

Maine 1,259,170 966,437 5,691 395 89 181 946,240 3,288 4,042 6,511

Maryland 5,274,608 3,955,646 127,244 18,033 1,437 4,275 2,599,702 1,038,967 10,374 155,614

Massachusetts 6,198,746 4,702,759 219,963 45,672 2,260 4,954 4,038,422 220,775 7,752 162,961

Michigan 9,678,943 7,183,746 151,377 11,478 3,322 3,448 5,904,766 960,044 38,845 110,466

Minnesota 4,829,798 3,593,562 52,161 3,307 1,613 2,000 3,322,581 95,962 36,178 79,760

Mississippi 2,815,743 2,048,888 13,677 2,126 208 450 1,344,188 668,907 5,548 13,784

Missouri 5,540,378 4,148,148 55,081 3,578 1,032 1,695 3,610,904 416,019 16,486 43,353

Montana 949,657 709,906 11,572 474 722 267 655,755 2,536 33,835 4,745

Nebraska 1,705,467 1,261,871 34,736 1,539 763 774 1,155,682 45,852 8,156 14,369

Nevada 1,871,299 1,420,729 168,873 6,789 3,375 4,986 1,073,137 88,828 17,877 56,864

New Hampshire 1,224,230 919,668 9,884 958 106 208 891,507 5,075 1,740 10,190

New Jersey 8,177,791 6,173,730 616,575 87,060 4,337 12,588 4,333,380 774,379 10,304 335,107

New Mexico 1,860,397 1,325,721 468,249 9,035 6,771 4,692 705,833 24,094 91,974 15,073

New York 18,146,185 13,525,611 1,419,551 423,713 14,171 33,097 9,028,849 1,848,100 38,036 720,094

North Carolina 7,777,253 5,869,424 69,576 7,804 1,159 2,078 4,461,156 1,198,481 63,431 65,739

North Dakota 661,689 493,956 4,118 218 181 151 464,206 3,404 17,786 3,892

Ohio 11,318,718 8,502,242 112,199 9,186 1,468 2,734 7,371,269 891,583 15,835 97,968

Oklahoma 3,372,514 2,511,617 67,197 4,011 4,249 1,969 2,031,124 185,588 183,633 33,846

Oregon 3,397,161 2,587,494 112,858 3,721 3,285 3,306 2,312,986 41,325 31,315 78,698

Pennsylvania 12,202,050 9,299,747 180,811 26,004 1,814 5,036 8,118,663 808,419 11,727 147,273

Rhode Island 997,607 752,885 37,224 8,358 477 1,118 660,817 25,790 2,549 16,552

South Carolina 3,858,023 2,888,398 25,445 3,145 334 988 2,034,724 795,290 6,264 22,208

South Dakota 777,073 566,926 4,690 234 367 122 522,678 3,402 31,855 3,578

Tennessee 5,657,161 4,280,856 35,224 3,298 494 1,162 3,561,178 631,299 9,488 38,713

Texas 20,119,335 14,410,547 3,599,091 87,439 22,892 36,647 8,614,515 1,651,878 45,676 352,409

Utah 2,207,013 1,487,862 77,215 2,383 1,918 1,830 1,337,168 11,560 18,175 37,613

Vermont 616,803 465,223 3,732 266 35 83 454,077 1,863 1,323 3,844

Virginia 6,997,006 5,300,469 164,038 14,597 2,154 6,192 3,924,980 988,717 12,279 187,512

Washington 5,858,392 4,398,563 198,327 8,623 7,354 10,138 3,741,848 126,612 64,112 241,549

West Virginia 1,840,983 1,437,494 8,129 529 101 236 1,376,508 41,960 1,931 8,100

Wisconsin 5,326,324 3,981,701 78,329 4,502 1,761 2,071 3,612,372 197,454 28,739 56,473

Wyoming 524,700 386,034 20,812 578 575 366 350,671 2,973 6,857 3,202

See note at end of table.

State Total, 18 

and Over

State/US

Total

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Age 18 and Over

Appendix A-2
Table A-1. Unadjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 274,633,905 28,471,104 1,886,271 347,272 660,887 197,061,244 33,568,262 2,054,734 10,584,131

Alabama 4,450,583 31,289 3,424 463 1,119 3,231,301 1,133,242 17,243 32,502

Alaska 653,293 25,526 1,840 1,098 1,377 461,334 26,766 90,940 44,412

Arizona 4,797,526 998,764 26,676 29,641 15,386 3,253,086 150,088 232,236 91,649

Arkansas 2,631,383 31,520 2,328 692 862 2,154,759 407,431 15,187 18,604

California 32,521,102 9,954,919 286,577 121,652 282,577 15,561,848 2,137,541 169,997 4,005,991

Colorado 4,168,224 554,538 18,773 11,114 9,719 3,267,777 178,393 30,168 97,742

Connecticut 3,284,142 250,402 30,715 2,060 4,145 2,622,264 292,778 5,759 76,019

Delaware 767,559 21,351 3,262 222 548 582,611 142,599 2,079 14,887

District of Columbia 523,328 31,515 6,007 467 2,800 152,409 315,434 851 13,845

Florida 15,233,224 2,183,298 167,053 12,718 27,801 10,404,927 2,159,717 38,913 238,797

Georgia 7,874,792 166,077 17,380 2,023 4,862 5,269,997 2,262,068 15,340 137,045

Hawaii 1,257,404 59,999 3,999 2,006 41,669 362,790 26,579 4,624 755,738

Idaho 1,346,506 89,097 2,444 3,071 1,747 1,211,465 6,101 17,747 14,834

Illinois 12,050,818 1,183,945 51,430 8,926 23,789 8,553,616 1,812,651 18,191 398,270

Indiana 6,044,528 127,982 8,086 1,598 2,785 5,337,906 494,936 13,378 57,857

Iowa 2,899,829 48,286 2,318 1,102 1,362 2,736,647 60,432 8,072 41,610

Kansas 2,668,263 125,652 6,666 3,195 2,916 2,292,993 166,801 22,701 47,339

Kentucky 3,994,566 28,254 2,672 459 1,194 3,643,538 284,955 6,293 27,201

Louisiana 4,424,618 103,387 10,391 1,457 3,682 2,791,582 1,438,366 17,941 57,812

Maine 1,259,170 8,307 660 150 297 1,230,020 4,517 5,768 9,451

Maryland 5,274,608 175,710 27,005 2,026 10,899 3,370,473 1,462,797 13,474 212,224

Massachusetts 6,198,746 341,077 84,561 3,618 7,150 5,182,035 331,601 10,336 238,368

Michigan 9,678,943 230,800 18,190 5,314 5,393 7,789,804 1,417,504 55,157 156,781

Minnesota 4,829,798 82,363 5,758 3,016 3,303 4,387,552 151,933 60,493 135,380

Mississippi 2,815,743 18,984 2,859 300 629 1,754,438 1,009,938 8,649 19,946

Missouri 5,540,378 80,204 5,468 1,714 2,592 4,745,409 621,746 22,207 61,038

Montana 949,657 17,967 804 1,263 435 860,423 3,469 58,124 7,172

Nebraska 1,705,467 55,053 2,563 1,240 1,286 1,539,408 69,984 14,222 21,711

Nevada 1,871,299 252,898 10,284 5,316 7,452 1,365,753 127,830 24,867 76,899

New Hampshire 1,224,230 15,036 1,645 170 306 1,183,300 7,215 2,345 14,213

New Jersey 8,177,791 884,490 135,783 6,298 18,713 5,557,637 1,104,522 14,298 456,050

New Mexico 1,860,397 702,937 14,678 11,687 7,259 911,758 34,026 156,717 21,335

New York 18,146,185 2,106,769 631,373 19,903 46,566 11,640,203 2,668,358 52,425 980,588

North Carolina 7,777,253 103,080 11,523 1,753 3,481 5,747,974 1,725,731 91,637 92,074

North Dakota 661,689 6,635 357 320 240 611,587 4,711 32,145 5,694

Ohio 11,318,718 162,803 14,614 2,349 4,038 9,672,043 1,305,993 20,519 136,359

Oklahoma 3,372,514 105,760 6,710 7,763 3,308 2,653,074 276,109 272,606 47,184

Oregon 3,397,161 176,838 5,845 5,454 5,175 2,989,829 59,602 44,738 109,680

Pennsylvania 12,202,050 280,374 42,872 2,917 8,148 10,460,455 1,181,047 15,818 210,419

Rhode Island 997,607 59,652 13,442 914 1,739 850,536 40,634 4,233 26,457

South Carolina 3,858,023 36,549 4,625 512 1,647 2,624,084 1,151,436 8,264 30,906

South Dakota 777,073 7,504 415 708 202 697,922 5,032 59,881 5,409

Tennessee 5,657,161 50,470 4,737 770 1,692 4,607,340 925,022 12,546 54,584

Texas 20,119,335 5,646,329 137,490 35,359 56,055 11,272,203 2,406,384 60,215 505,300

Utah 2,207,013 125,688 4,353 3,340 3,156 1,960,830 17,743 33,315 58,588

Vermont 616,803 5,220 424 59 160 600,653 2,777 1,793 5,717

Virginia 6,997,006 233,823 21,767 2,989 9,624 5,061,303 1,394,404 15,579 257,517

Washington 5,858,392 318,667 13,776 11,834 15,445 4,881,702 179,147 95,553 342,268

West Virginia 1,840,983 11,017 804 149 459 1,757,908 57,362 2,389 10,895

Wisconsin 5,326,324 120,518 7,832 3,110 3,140 4,731,293 318,392 44,971 97,068

Wyoming 524,700 31,781 1,013 993 558 469,445 4,418 11,790 4,702

Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

Note: Since preparation of this report, Census has released revised national population projections for 2000 to 275,306,000. The

 projections used here are from Census Bureau report PPL-47 (See footnote 5 in text).

State State/US

Total

All Ages

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-3
Table A-2. Adjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 279,520,570 73,243,504 10,536,254 708,819 134,951 239,442 46,302,197 11,404,654 745,513 3,171,674

Alabama 4,529,922 1,151,402 9,975 1,230 180 456 752,528 373,929 3,830 9,274

Alaska 666,937 206,404 9,520 804 477 499 130,211 9,333 39,472 16,087

Arizona 4,920,243 1,367,529 401,322 11,280 13,891 5,811 745,157 53,758 110,305 26,005

Arkansas 2,677,467 680,807 11,263 878 276 312 514,177 144,139 4,306 5,457

California 33,529,783 9,781,047 3,980,558 110,534 46,053 95,279 3,546,229 734,766 45,459 1,222,168

Colorado 4,258,653 1,087,019 194,563 7,962 4,391 3,572 775,469 61,490 9,780 29,792

Connecticut 3,312,393 806,331 91,249 12,956 909 1,521 576,189 99,676 1,353 22,478

Delaware 782,464 198,255 7,623 1,358 91 229 137,201 47,187 470 4,096

District of Columbia 542,830 133,693 8,881 2,321 120 2,286 26,934 89,904 180 3,068

Florida 15,569,941 3,675,911 608,875 56,388 4,078 9,018 2,143,863 782,140 9,259 62,290

Georgia 8,054,395 2,165,827 57,342 6,051 721 1,792 1,284,947 770,617 3,476 40,881

Hawaii 1,281,917 340,324 22,411 1,866 1,030 20,463 72,406 6,690 1,355 214,102

Idaho 1,377,221 391,935 38,373 1,073 1,215 724 336,866 1,978 6,863 4,843

Illinois 12,182,404 3,217,767 433,084 20,343 2,951 7,798 1,994,315 641,400 4,403 113,471

Indiana 6,075,839 1,542,971 41,317 2,989 580 1,104 1,311,085 165,875 3,103 16,917

Iowa 2,913,111 714,467 17,488 977 462 548 655,900 22,241 2,941 13,909

Kansas 2,689,010 710,737 46,799 2,688 1,278 1,131 576,733 59,711 7,279 15,119

Kentucky 4,058,881 998,750 8,861 908 167 492 888,329 90,523 1,484 7,986

Louisiana 4,523,993 1,271,513 27,587 3,190 495 1,822 695,377 519,052 5,330 18,661

Maine 1,268,481 297,469 2,760 288 63 122 288,067 1,308 1,837 3,024

Maryland 5,395,635 1,379,899 51,596 9,596 624 6,910 797,371 452,775 3,269 57,759

Massachusetts 6,244,609 1,520,773 127,012 41,392 1,426 2,302 1,147,705 119,628 2,629 78,679

Michigan 9,751,789 2,549,347 81,443 7,025 2,063 2,009 1,905,564 487,101 16,742 47,401

Minnesota 4,855,828 1,255,301 30,752 2,573 1,462 1,346 1,075,378 60,077 25,881 57,832

Mississippi 2,876,098 803,210 5,579 782 100 191 423,276 363,415 3,433 6,434

Missouri 5,576,552 1,419,773 25,499 1,973 705 919 1,147,267 219,414 5,830 18,166

Montana 972,459 250,701 6,726 369 592 175 212,100 987 27,259 2,493

Nebraska 1,717,719 450,902 21,028 1,061 506 533 387,910 25,846 6,476 7,542

Nevada 1,919,561 468,914 88,567 3,836 2,082 2,605 299,444 44,228 7,525 20,627

New Hampshire 1,234,846 309,183 5,399 730 67 104 295,868 2,277 621 4,117

New Jersey 8,250,120 2,047,051 277,587 51,744 2,022 6,368 1,222,643 358,967 4,012 123,707

New Mexico 1,920,618 559,059 243,721 6,091 5,211 2,656 211,586 10,868 72,466 6,460

New York 18,474,607 4,754,512 717,861 220,655 5,990 14,211 2,622,008 887,959 14,800 271,028

North Carolina 7,928,110 1,989,675 35,903 3,991 637 1,502 1,328,585 562,355 29,541 27,162

North Dakota 666,663 171,013 2,657 152 151 97 148,839 1,395 15,856 1,865

Ohio 11,400,840 2,876,272 51,961 5,698 908 1,351 2,329,181 443,038 4,757 39,378

Oklahoma 3,435,350 896,788 41,010 2,876 3,753 1,404 644,606 96,606 92,824 13,709

Oregon 3,464,440 838,730 68,105 2,325 2,312 1,966 697,441 20,581 14,122 31,879

Pennsylvania 12,250,280 2,959,546 103,290 17,850 1,138 3,256 2,358,228 406,903 4,136 64,746

Rhode Island 1,001,737 248,057 23,379 5,406 453 656 190,065 16,038 1,698 10,363

South Carolina 3,937,527 1,013,750 11,794 1,578 194 695 609,058 379,402 2,077 8,952

South Dakota 785,318 215,437 2,963 189 368 85 176,875 1,738 31,334 1,885

Tennessee 5,758,958 1,434,204 16,127 1,529 299 551 1,082,625 313,526 3,177 16,371

Texas 20,727,421 5,982,252 2,162,797 53,381 13,252 20,408 2,754,874 805,063 15,222 157,255

Utah 2,246,639 738,175 50,894 2,151 1,501 1,378 637,363 6,999 16,345 21,544

Vermont 623,862 154,551 1,568 163 26 84 149,334 975 493 1,908

Virginia 7,147,001 1,772,444 74,687 7,667 896 3,596 1,176,945 433,571 3,471 71,611

Washington 5,973,573 1,511,697 128,237 5,648 4,848 5,560 1,170,517 59,303 33,643 103,942

West Virginia 1,866,397 417,381 3,046 291 50 231 394,035 16,400 478 2,852

Wisconsin 5,363,914 1,370,882 43,799 3,546 1,430 1,117 1,130,794 129,971 17,383 42,840

Wyoming 536,215 143,866 11,417 464 457 198 122,729 1,531 5,527 1,542

State State/US

Total

Total, 

Under 18

Age Under 18

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-4
Table A-2. Adjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 279,520,570 206,277,066 19,417,252 1,295,292 232,267 449,462 152,121,724 23,687,069 1,407,756 7,666,243

Alabama 4,529,922 3,378,520 23,083 2,342 308 696 2,516,933 797,177 13,635 24,347

Alaska 666,937 460,533 17,165 1,113 656 912 340,480 18,361 52,481 29,365

Arizona 4,920,243 3,552,714 643,205 17,152 17,644 10,174 2,541,179 108,357 147,019 67,983

Arkansas 2,677,467 1,996,660 22,440 1,565 454 586 1,669,394 277,394 11,196 13,631

California 33,529,783 23,748,736 6,487,374 195,902 82,188 199,274 12,204,539 1,578,170 129,044 2,872,245

Colorado 4,258,653 3,171,634 385,951 12,148 7,324 6,503 2,535,752 132,212 21,371 70,374

Connecticut 3,312,393 2,506,062 172,382 19,699 1,255 2,824 2,040,469 209,270 4,462 55,701

Delaware 782,464 584,210 15,219 2,108 145 345 452,584 101,124 1,634 11,051

District of Columbia 542,830 409,136 25,349 4,095 383 696 127,648 238,909 677 11,379

Florida 15,569,941 11,894,029 1,697,811 118,825 9,515 19,721 8,369,878 1,466,872 30,563 180,845

Georgia 8,054,395 5,888,568 122,011 12,390 1,447 3,360 4,057,521 1,579,671 12,170 99,998

Hawaii 1,281,917 941,594 40,850 2,454 1,084 22,797 298,224 22,044 3,385 550,755

Idaho 1,377,221 985,286 57,173 1,488 2,136 1,124 896,483 4,331 12,216 10,335

Illinois 12,182,404 8,964,638 782,834 32,979 6,255 16,725 6,579,936 1,238,686 13,950 293,272

Indiana 6,075,839 4,532,867 89,308 5,322 1,064 1,750 4,036,803 345,461 10,345 42,816

Iowa 2,913,111 2,198,644 32,582 1,428 697 852 2,087,810 40,438 5,293 29,544

Kansas 2,689,010 1,978,273 83,327 4,219 2,036 1,891 1,724,004 113,154 15,754 33,888

Kentucky 4,058,881 3,060,131 20,980 1,885 318 754 2,806,523 204,669 4,947 20,056

Louisiana 4,523,993 3,252,480 81,490 7,670 1,048 2,020 2,131,822 974,620 12,945 40,865

Maine 1,268,481 971,012 6,041 400 91 190 950,035 3,365 4,197 6,693

Maryland 5,395,635 4,015,736 135,667 19,012 1,547 4,452 2,614,272 1,073,028 10,466 157,291

Massachusetts 6,244,609 4,723,836 233,254 48,746 2,402 5,223 4,023,164 233,883 7,816 169,348

Michigan 9,751,789 7,202,442 155,423 11,747 3,434 3,521 5,897,270 978,560 39,142 113,346

Minnesota 4,855,828 3,600,527 53,575 3,411 1,673 2,065 3,320,473 99,412 37,440 82,479

Mississippi 2,876,098 2,072,888 14,414 2,192 230 468 1,352,799 682,632 5,896 14,257

Missouri 5,576,552 4,156,779 56,357 3,647 1,063 1,730 3,608,570 424,115 16,560 44,738

Montana 972,459 721,758 12,241 487 773 269 663,713 2,587 36,785 4,902

Nebraska 1,717,719 1,266,817 36,135 1,586 797 804 1,157,082 47,018 8,478 14,918

Nevada 1,919,561 1,450,646 177,468 7,192 3,568 5,201 1,086,076 94,520 18,753 57,868

New Hampshire 1,234,846 925,663 10,464 993 115 212 896,404 5,191 1,766 10,516

New Jersey 8,250,120 6,203,069 651,704 92,373 4,583 13,057 4,282,772 808,284 10,293 340,004

New Mexico 1,920,618 1,361,558 487,355 9,456 7,132 4,828 712,141 25,069 100,154 15,422

New York 18,474,607 13,720,095 1,511,600 454,813 15,122 34,826 8,972,480 1,951,253 38,729 741,273

North Carolina 7,928,110 5,938,434 74,714 8,192 1,236 2,189 4,496,631 1,223,260 64,633 67,578

North Dakota 666,663 495,650 4,358 223 192 153 464,057 3,489 19,090 4,087

Ohio 11,400,840 8,524,568 115,497 9,463 1,516 2,808 7,368,810 909,710 15,880 100,885

Oklahoma 3,435,350 2,538,562 71,573 4,193 4,538 2,069 2,044,505 190,571 185,994 35,119

Oregon 3,464,440 2,625,710 120,617 3,933 3,498 3,455 2,337,125 43,800 32,212 81,070

Pennsylvania 12,250,280 9,290,733 189,995 27,178 1,917 5,226 8,072,722 830,974 11,747 150,975

Rhode Island 1,001,737 753,680 39,430 8,986 511 1,173 656,481 27,311 2,563 17,224

South Carolina 3,937,527 2,923,777 27,107 3,260 351 1,032 2,049,490 813,522 6,341 22,674

South Dakota 785,318 569,880 4,953 247 393 133 522,357 3,474 34,593 3,731

Tennessee 5,758,958 4,324,754 37,459 3,422 518 1,208 3,584,403 648,287 9,584 39,873

Texas 20,727,421 14,745,169 3,805,226 92,232 24,347 38,470 8,678,128 1,699,074 46,199 361,493

Utah 2,246,639 1,508,464 80,735 2,507 2,037 1,899 1,350,810 12,318 19,370 38,789

Vermont 623,862 469,311 3,983 270 43 82 457,636 1,914 1,352 4,032

Virginia 7,147,001 5,374,558 176,316 15,392 2,299 6,429 3,955,259 1,015,997 12,444 190,419

Washington 5,973,573 4,461,876 211,223 9,167 7,831 10,507 3,775,506 134,701 66,910 246,032

West Virginia 1,866,397 1,449,016 8,623 544 106 249 1,386,620 42,589 1,963 8,323

Wisconsin 5,363,914 3,993,032 81,476 4,654 1,830 2,155 3,610,638 203,219 29,924 59,137

Wyoming 536,215 392,349 21,736 593 616 375 355,315 3,022 7,397 3,296

State State/US

Total

Total, 18 

and Over

Age 18 and Over

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-5
Table A-2. Adjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 279,520,570 29,953,507 2,004,111 367,219 688,904 198,423,921 35,091,723 2,153,269 10,837,916

Alabama 4,529,922 33,057 3,572 488 1,153 3,269,460 1,171,106 17,465 33,620

Alaska 666,937 26,686 1,917 1,133 1,411 470,691 27,694 91,953 45,452

Arizona 4,920,243 1,044,528 28,432 31,535 15,985 3,286,336 162,115 257,324 93,988

Arkansas 2,677,467 33,702 2,443 730 897 2,183,572 421,533 15,502 19,088

California 33,529,783 10,467,932 306,437 128,241 294,553 15,750,769 2,312,936 174,503 4,094,413

Colorado 4,258,653 580,514 20,111 11,715 10,075 3,311,221 193,702 31,150 100,166

Connecticut 3,312,393 263,631 32,655 2,164 4,344 2,616,658 308,946 5,814 78,179

Delaware 782,464 22,841 3,466 236 574 589,784 148,311 2,104 15,147

District of Columbia 542,830 34,230 6,416 503 2,982 154,583 328,812 856 14,447

Florida 15,569,941 2,306,686 175,213 13,593 28,739 10,513,741 2,249,011 39,822 243,135

Georgia 8,054,395 179,354 18,441 2,167 5,152 5,342,468 2,350,288 15,646 140,879

Hawaii 1,281,917 63,261 4,320 2,114 43,260 370,630 28,734 4,741 764,857

Idaho 1,377,221 95,546 2,561 3,351 1,848 1,233,349 6,308 19,079 15,178

Illinois 12,182,404 1,215,918 53,322 9,207 24,523 8,574,251 1,880,086 18,354 406,743

Indiana 6,075,839 130,625 8,312 1,644 2,854 5,347,888 511,336 13,448 59,733

Iowa 2,913,111 50,070 2,405 1,159 1,401 2,743,710 62,679 8,234 43,453

Kansas 2,689,010 130,126 6,907 3,314 3,022 2,300,737 172,866 23,033 49,006

Kentucky 4,058,881 29,841 2,793 484 1,245 3,694,852 295,192 6,431 28,042

Louisiana 4,523,993 109,076 10,859 1,543 3,842 2,827,199 1,493,672 18,275 59,527

Maine 1,268,481 8,801 689 154 312 1,238,102 4,673 6,034 9,717

Maryland 5,395,635 187,263 28,607 2,172 11,362 3,411,643 1,525,804 13,735 215,050

Massachusetts 6,244,609 360,266 90,138 3,829 7,525 5,170,869 353,510 10,445 248,026

Michigan 9,751,789 236,865 18,772 5,497 5,530 7,802,834 1,465,661 55,884 160,747

Minnesota 4,855,828 84,326 5,984 3,135 3,410 4,395,850 159,489 63,321 140,311

Mississippi 2,876,098 19,994 2,973 330 658 1,776,076 1,046,047 9,329 20,691

Missouri 5,576,552 81,856 5,619 1,769 2,649 4,755,837 643,529 22,390 62,904

Montana 972,459 18,968 856 1,365 444 875,812 3,575 64,044 7,395

Nebraska 1,717,719 57,164 2,646 1,303 1,337 1,544,992 72,863 14,954 22,460

Nevada 1,919,561 266,034 11,029 5,650 7,806 1,385,520 138,749 26,279 78,495

New Hampshire 1,234,846 15,863 1,723 182 316 1,192,272 7,468 2,388 14,633

New Jersey 8,250,120 929,291 144,117 6,605 19,425 5,505,416 1,167,251 14,305 463,711

New Mexico 1,920,618 731,076 15,547 12,343 7,484 923,727 35,937 172,620 21,882

New York 18,474,607 2,229,461 675,467 21,112 49,037 11,594,488 2,839,212 53,529 1,012,302

North Carolina 7,928,110 110,617 12,184 1,872 3,691 5,825,217 1,785,615 94,174 94,740

North Dakota 666,663 7,015 375 343 251 612,896 4,883 34,947 5,952

Ohio 11,400,840 167,458 15,161 2,423 4,159 9,697,990 1,352,748 20,637 140,263

Oklahoma 3,435,350 112,583 7,069 8,291 3,473 2,689,111 287,178 278,818 48,828

Oregon 3,464,440 188,722 6,258 5,811 5,421 3,034,565 64,381 46,334 112,949

Pennsylvania 12,250,280 293,285 45,028 3,055 8,482 10,430,950 1,237,877 15,882 215,721

Rhode Island 1,001,737 62,810 14,391 964 1,829 846,545 43,350 4,262 27,587

South Carolina 3,937,527 38,901 4,838 545 1,727 2,658,548 1,192,924 8,418 31,626

South Dakota 785,318 7,916 436 760 218 699,232 5,212 65,927 5,617

Tennessee 5,758,958 53,586 4,951 817 1,759 4,667,028 961,813 12,761 56,243

Texas 20,727,421 5,968,023 145,613 37,599 58,877 11,433,002 2,504,137 61,421 518,748

Utah 2,246,639 131,629 4,657 3,538 3,277 1,988,173 19,317 35,715 60,333

Vermont 623,862 5,551 433 69 167 606,970 2,889 1,845 5,939

Virginia 7,147,001 251,003 23,059 3,195 10,026 5,132,204 1,449,569 15,915 262,031

Washington 5,973,573 339,460 14,815 12,680 16,066 4,946,022 194,004 100,552 349,974

West Virginia 1,866,397 11,669 835 156 480 1,780,654 58,989 2,441 11,174

Wisconsin 5,363,914 125,274 8,200 3,260 3,272 4,741,432 333,190 47,308 101,977

Wyoming 536,215 33,153 1,057 1,073 572 478,044 4,553 12,924 4,838

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

State State/US

Total

All Ages

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-6
Table A-3. Year 2000 Census Undercount by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 4,886,665 2,462,097 521,884 45,483 7,589 10,914 926,203 799,763 49,147 101,114

Alabama 79,339 46,934 510 80 11 16 23,333 22,558 120 306

Alaska 13,644 5,836 398 50 12 18 3,819 542 477 519

Arizona 122,717 54,887 18,721 867 916 243 15,021 6,003 12,462 654

Arkansas 46,084 26,945 706 58 14 10 16,977 8,867 174 140

California 1,008,681 430,898 209,420 9,252 2,575 4,482 75,241 85,782 1,616 42,529

Colorado 90,429 37,592 9,399 693 241 146 18,614 7,279 370 850

Connecticut 28,251 15,313 3,983 769 41 73 2,505 7,314 20 608

Delaware 14,905 8,084 480 100 6 13 4,398 2,993 18 76

District of Columbia 19,502 8,153 707 168 9 134 1,001 5,975 9 151

Florida 336,717 168,986 37,619 3,426 265 366 76,413 48,943 489 1,465

Georgia 179,603 96,473 3,992 408 43 102 42,260 48,225 148 1,295

Hawaii 24,513 11,485 1,268 199 55 947 1,816 782 29 6,388

Idaho 30,715 14,699 2,401 57 99 30 11,266 121 619 106

Illinois 131,586 77,424 10,180 931 76 242 21,651 41,480 94 2,768

Indiana 31,311 25,860 616 130 13 32 14,463 10,183 41 381

Iowa 13,282 9,072 555 56 25 16 6,518 1,397 91 413

Kansas 20,747 12,661 1,428 130 49 42 6,610 3,753 191 459

Kentucky 64,315 36,658 504 54 9 29 29,976 5,768 69 249

Louisiana 99,375 57,679 1,488 209 28 93 22,548 32,513 197 604

Maine 9,311 4,736 144 23 2 6 4,287 79 111 84

Maryland 121,027 60,937 3,130 624 35 286 26,600 28,945 169 1,149

Massachusetts 45,863 24,786 5,898 2,503 68 106 4,092 8,802 45 3,272

Michigan 72,846 54,150 2,020 313 71 64 20,526 29,641 430 1,086

Minnesota 26,030 19,065 550 122 59 43 10,407 4,106 1,566 2,212

Mississippi 60,355 36,355 272 49 8 12 13,026 22,384 332 272

Missouri 36,174 27,543 376 83 23 22 12,762 13,687 109 481

Montana 22,802 10,950 331 39 51 7 7,432 54 2,970 66

Nebraska 12,252 7,306 711 37 29 21 4,184 1,714 410 200

Nevada 48,262 18,344 4,542 341 141 139 6,828 5,226 535 592

New Hampshire 10,616 4,621 247 43 3 6 4,075 137 16 94

New Jersey 72,329 42,990 9,672 3,021 61 243 -1,614 28,824 18 2,764

New Mexico 60,221 24,383 9,033 448 295 89 5,661 936 7,723 198

New York 328,422 133,938 30,643 12,995 258 742 10,654 67,701 411 10,534

North Carolina 150,857 81,846 2,399 272 43 99 41,767 35,105 1,335 827

North Dakota 4,974 3,280 140 13 12 8 1,458 88 1,497 63

Ohio 82,122 59,796 1,357 270 27 47 28,407 28,628 73 987

Oklahoma 62,836 35,891 2,447 177 239 65 22,656 6,085 3,851 371

Oregon 67,279 29,063 4,125 201 143 97 20,598 2,304 699 897

Pennsylvania 48,230 57,243 3,727 982 35 144 16,436 34,275 45 1,600

Rhode Island 4,130 3,335 951 322 16 35 346 1,194 14 458

South Carolina 79,504 44,125 690 98 16 36 19,698 23,256 77 254

South Dakota 8,245 5,290 149 8 27 5 1,631 108 3,308 54

Tennessee 101,797 57,899 881 90 23 21 36,463 19,803 119 500

Texas 608,086 273,464 115,559 3,330 785 1,000 97,186 50,557 683 4,364

Utah 39,626 19,024 2,421 181 79 52 13,701 816 1,205 569

Vermont 7,059 2,971 80 5 2 7 2,758 61 23 35

Virginia 149,995 75,907 4,902 497 61 164 40,622 27,884 171 1,606

Washington 115,181 51,868 7,897 495 368 253 30,663 6,768 2,202 3,223

West Virginia 25,414 13,892 158 16 2 8 12,635 998 20 57

Wisconsin 37,590 26,259 1,610 216 81 48 11,873 9,033 1,151 2,245

Wyoming 11,515 5,200 448 29 39 6 3,955 86 594 42

State State/US

Total

Total, 

Under 18

Age Under 18

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-7
Table A-3. Year 2000 Census Undercount by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 4,886,665 2,424,568 960,518 72,357 12,357 17,103 436,474 723,698 49,388 152,672

Alabama 79,339 32,405 1,259 68 14 17 14,827 15,306 102 813

Alaska 13,644 7,808 761 27 23 16 5,538 386 536 521

Arizona 122,717 67,830 27,042 889 978 356 18,229 6,024 12,626 1,685

Arkansas 46,084 19,139 1,477 57 24 26 11,835 5,235 141 344

California 1,008,681 577,783 303,593 10,607 4,014 7,494 113,679 89,613 2,890 45,893

Colorado 90,429 52,837 16,577 644 360 210 24,830 8,030 613 1,574

Connecticut 28,251 12,938 9,246 1,171 63 127 -8,111 8,854 36 1,552

Delaware 14,905 6,822 1,011 104 8 13 2,776 2,719 7 184

District of Columbia 19,502 11,348 2,008 241 27 48 1,172 7,404 -3 451

Florida 336,717 167,730 85,769 4,734 610 572 32,401 40,352 420 2,873

Georgia 179,603 83,130 9,284 653 102 188 30,211 39,995 158 2,539

Hawaii 24,513 13,029 1,994 122 53 644 6,024 1,373 87 2,731

Idaho 30,715 16,016 4,048 60 181 71 10,618 87 713 238

Illinois 131,586 54,163 21,793 961 204 492 -1,016 25,955 68 5,705

Indiana 31,311 5,450 2,027 95 33 37 -4,481 6,217 29 1,495

Iowa 13,282 4,210 1,229 31 32 22 545 850 71 1,430

Kansas 20,747 8,086 3,046 111 70 64 1,134 2,311 141 1,209

Kentucky 64,315 27,657 1,083 67 17 23 21,338 4,469 69 592

Louisiana 99,375 41,696 4,202 260 58 67 13,069 22,793 137 1,110

Maine 9,311 4,575 350 5 2 9 3,795 77 155 182

Maryland 121,027 60,090 8,423 979 110 177 14,570 34,061 92 1,677

Massachusetts 45,863 21,077 13,291 3,074 142 269 -15,258 13,108 64 6,387

Michigan 72,846 18,696 4,046 269 112 73 -7,496 18,516 297 2,880

Minnesota 26,030 6,965 1,414 104 60 65 -2,108 3,450 1,262 2,719

Mississippi 60,355 24,000 737 66 22 18 8,611 13,725 348 473

Missouri 36,174 8,631 1,276 69 31 35 -2,334 8,096 74 1,385

Montana 22,802 11,852 669 13 51 2 7,958 51 2,950 157

Nebraska 12,252 4,946 1,399 47 34 30 1,400 1,166 322 549

Nevada 48,262 29,917 8,595 403 193 215 12,939 5,692 876 1,004

New Hampshire 10,616 5,995 580 35 9 4 4,897 116 26 326

New Jersey 72,329 29,339 35,129 5,313 246 469 -50,608 33,905 -11 4,897

New Mexico 60,221 35,837 19,106 421 361 136 6,308 975 8,180 349

New York 328,422 194,484 92,049 31,100 951 1,729 -56,369 103,153 693 21,179

North Carolina 150,857 69,010 5,138 388 77 111 35,475 24,779 1,202 1,839

North Dakota 4,974 1,694 240 5 11 2 -149 85 1,304 195

Ohio 82,122 22,326 3,298 277 48 74 -2,459 18,127 45 2,917

Oklahoma 62,836 26,945 4,376 182 289 100 13,381 4,983 2,361 1,273

Oregon 67,279 38,216 7,759 212 213 149 24,139 2,475 897 2,372

Pennsylvania 48,230 -9,014 9,184 1,174 103 190 -45,941 22,555 20 3,702

Rhode Island 4,130 795 2,206 628 34 55 -4,336 1,521 14 672

South Carolina 79,504 35,379 1,662 115 17 44 14,766 18,232 77 466

South Dakota 8,245 2,954 263 13 26 11 -321 72 2,738 153

Tennessee 101,797 43,898 2,235 124 24 46 23,225 16,988 96 1,160

Texas 608,086 334,622 206,135 4,793 1,455 1,823 63,613 47,196 523 9,084

Utah 39,626 20,602 3,520 124 119 69 13,642 758 1,195 1,176

Vermont 7,059 4,088 251 4 8 -1 3,559 51 29 188

Virginia 149,995 74,089 12,278 795 145 237 30,279 27,280 165 2,907

Washington 115,181 63,313 12,896 544 477 369 33,658 8,089 2,798 4,483

West Virginia 25,414 11,522 494 15 5 13 10,112 629 32 223

Wisconsin 37,590 11,331 3,147 152 69 84 -1,734 5,765 1,185 2,664

Wyoming 11,515 6,315 924 15 41 9 4,644 49 540 94

State State/US

Total

Total, 18 

and Over

Age 18 and Over

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-8
Table A-3. Year 2000 Census Undercount by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 4,886,665 1,482,403 117,840 19,947 28,017 1,362,677 1,523,461 98,535 253,785

Alabama 79,339 1,768 148 25 34 38,159 37,864 222 1,118

Alaska 13,644 1,160 77 35 34 9,357 928 1,013 1,040

Arizona 122,717 45,764 1,756 1,894 599 33,250 12,027 25,088 2,339

Arkansas 46,084 2,182 115 38 35 28,813 14,102 315 484

California 1,008,681 513,013 19,860 6,589 11,976 188,921 175,395 4,506 88,422

Colorado 90,429 25,976 1,338 601 356 43,444 15,309 982 2,424

Connecticut 28,251 13,229 1,940 104 199 -5,606 16,168 55 2,160

Delaware 14,905 1,490 204 14 26 7,173 5,712 25 260

District of Columbia 19,502 2,715 409 36 182 2,174 13,378 5 602

Florida 336,717 123,388 8,160 875 938 108,814 89,294 909 4,338

Georgia 179,603 13,277 1,061 144 290 72,471 88,220 306 3,834

Hawaii 24,513 3,262 321 108 1,591 7,840 2,155 117 9,119

Idaho 30,715 6,449 117 280 101 21,884 207 1,332 344

Illinois 131,586 31,973 1,892 281 734 20,635 67,435 163 8,473

Indiana 31,311 2,643 226 46 69 9,982 16,400 70 1,876

Iowa 13,282 1,784 87 57 39 7,063 2,247 162 1,843

Kansas 20,747 4,474 241 119 106 7,744 6,065 332 1,667

Kentucky 64,315 1,587 121 25 51 51,314 10,237 138 841

Louisiana 99,375 5,689 468 86 160 35,617 55,306 334 1,715

Maine 9,311 494 29 4 15 8,082 156 266 266

Maryland 121,027 11,553 1,602 146 463 41,170 63,007 261 2,826

Massachusetts 45,863 19,189 5,577 211 375 -11,166 21,909 109 9,658

Michigan 72,846 6,065 582 183 137 13,030 48,157 727 3,966

Minnesota 26,030 1,963 226 119 107 8,298 7,556 2,828 4,931

Mississippi 60,355 1,010 114 30 29 21,638 36,109 680 745

Missouri 36,174 1,652 151 55 57 10,428 21,783 183 1,866

Montana 22,802 1,001 52 102 9 15,389 106 5,920 223

Nebraska 12,252 2,111 83 63 51 5,584 2,879 732 749

Nevada 48,262 13,136 745 334 354 19,767 10,919 1,412 1,596

New Hampshire 10,616 827 78 12 10 8,972 253 43 420

New Jersey 72,329 44,801 8,334 307 712 -52,221 62,729 7 7,661

New Mexico 60,221 28,139 869 656 225 11,969 1,911 15,903 547

New York 328,422 122,692 44,094 1,209 2,471 -45,715 170,854 1,104 31,714

North Carolina 150,857 7,537 661 119 210 77,243 59,884 2,537 2,666

North Dakota 4,974 380 18 23 11 1,309 172 2,802 258

Ohio 82,122 4,655 547 74 121 25,947 46,755 118 3,904

Oklahoma 62,836 6,823 359 528 165 36,037 11,069 6,212 1,644

Oregon 67,279 11,884 413 357 246 44,736 4,779 1,596 3,269

Pennsylvania 48,230 12,911 2,156 138 334 -29,505 56,830 64 5,302

Rhode Island 4,130 3,158 949 50 90 -3,991 2,716 29 1,130

South Carolina 79,504 2,352 213 33 80 34,464 41,488 154 720

South Dakota 8,245 412 21 52 16 1,310 180 6,046 208

Tennessee 101,797 3,116 214 47 67 59,688 36,791 215 1,659

Texas 608,086 321,694 8,123 2,240 2,822 160,799 97,753 1,206 13,448

Utah 39,626 5,941 304 198 121 27,343 1,574 2,400 1,745

Vermont 7,059 331 9 10 7 6,317 112 52 222

Virginia 149,995 17,180 1,292 206 402 70,901 55,165 336 4,514

Washington 115,181 20,793 1,039 846 621 64,320 14,857 4,999 7,706

West Virginia 25,414 652 31 7 21 22,746 1,627 52 279

Wisconsin 37,590 4,756 368 150 132 10,139 14,798 2,337 4,909

Wyoming 11,515 1,372 44 80 14 8,599 135 1,134 136

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

State State/US

Total

All Ages

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-9
Table A-4. Year 2000 Census Undercount as Percent of Adjusted Count by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 1.75 3.36 4.95 6.42 5.62 4.56 2.00 7.01 6.59 3.19

Alabama 1.75 4.08 5.11 6.49 6.16 3.58 3.10 6.03 3.14 3.30

Alaska 2.05 2.83 4.18 6.25 2.57 3.53 2.93 5.81 1.21 3.23

Arizona 2.49 4.01 4.66 7.69 6.59 4.17 2.02 11.17 11.30 2.52

Arkansas 1.72 3.96 6.27 6.61 5.01 3.07 3.30 6.15 4.04 2.56

California 3.01 4.41 5.26 8.37 5.59 4.70 2.12 11.67 3.56 3.48

Colorado 2.12 3.46 4.83 8.70 5.48 4.10 2.40 11.84 3.78 2.85

Connecticut 0.85 1.90 4.37 5.94 4.51 4.77 0.43 7.34 1.47 2.70

Delaware 1.90 4.08 6.29 7.38 7.02 5.63 3.21 6.34 3.88 1.85

District of Columbia 3.59 6.10 7.96 7.25 7.21 5.85 3.72 6.65 4.84 4.92

Florida 2.16 4.60 6.18 6.08 6.50 4.06 3.56 6.26 5.28 2.35

Georgia 2.23 4.45 6.96 6.74 5.92 5.69 3.29 6.26 4.26 3.17

Hawaii 1.91 3.37 5.66 10.66 5.37 4.63 2.51 11.69 2.17 2.98

Idaho 2.23 3.75 6.26 5.35 8.12 4.11 3.34 6.10 9.02 2.20

Illinois 1.08 2.41 2.35 4.58 2.59 3.11 1.09 6.47 2.14 2.44

Indiana 0.52 1.68 1.49 4.36 2.22 2.93 1.10 6.14 1.32 2.25

Iowa 0.46 1.27 3.17 5.77 5.42 3.00 0.99 6.28 3.11 2.97

Kansas 0.77 1.78 3.05 4.83 3.83 3.71 1.15 6.29 2.62 3.03

Kentucky 1.58 3.67 5.69 5.97 5.31 5.82 3.37 6.37 4.67 3.12

Louisiana 2.20 4.54 5.39 6.54 5.70 5.10 3.24 6.26 3.69 3.24

Maine 0.73 1.59 5.22 8.06 2.91 5.21 1.49 6.02 6.03 2.77

Maryland 2.24 4.42 6.07 6.50 5.67 4.14 3.34 6.39 5.17 1.99

Massachusetts 0.73 1.63 4.64 6.05 4.78 4.61 0.36 7.36 1.73 4.16

Michigan 0.75 2.12 2.48 4.45 3.44 3.18 1.08 6.09 2.57 2.29

Minnesota 0.54 1.52 1.79 4.76 4.04 3.17 0.97 6.84 6.05 3.83

Mississippi 2.10 4.53 4.88 6.23 8.06 6.09 3.08 6.16 9.67 4.23

Missouri 0.65 1.94 1.48 4.19 3.32 2.42 1.11 6.24 1.87 2.65

Montana 2.34 4.37 4.93 10.57 8.63 4.18 3.50 5.51 10.89 2.63

Nebraska 0.71 1.62 3.38 3.45 5.73 3.87 1.08 6.63 6.34 2.65

Nevada 2.51 3.91 5.13 8.90 6.76 5.33 2.28 11.82 7.11 2.87

New Hampshire 0.86 1.49 4.58 5.93 4.78 5.35 1.38 6.01 2.64 2.28

New Jersey 0.88 2.10 3.48 5.84 3.03 3.82 -0.13 8.03 0.44 2.23

New Mexico 3.14 4.36 3.71 7.35 5.66 3.34 2.68 8.62 10.66 3.07

New York 1.78 2.82 4.27 5.89 4.30 5.22 0.41 7.62 2.78 3.89

North Carolina 1.90 4.11 6.68 6.82 6.71 6.59 3.14 6.24 4.52 3.04

North Dakota 0.75 1.92 5.26 8.75 7.97 8.69 0.98 6.28 9.44 3.38

Ohio 0.72 2.08 2.61 4.75 2.93 3.46 1.22 6.46 1.54 2.51

Oklahoma 1.83 4.00 5.97 6.16 6.37 4.64 3.51 6.30 4.15 2.70

Oregon 1.94 3.47 6.06 8.64 6.20 4.92 2.95 11.19 4.95 2.81

Pennsylvania 0.39 1.93 3.61 5.50 3.06 4.43 0.70 8.42 1.08 2.47

Rhode Island 0.41 1.34 4.07 5.95 3.57 5.29 0.18 7.45 0.83 4.42

South Carolina 2.02 4.35 5.85 6.24 8.22 5.25 3.23 6.13 3.71 2.83

South Dakota 1.05 2.46 5.04 4.28 7.22 5.87 0.92 6.19 10.56 2.89

Tennessee 1.77 4.04 5.46 5.86 7.63 3.80 3.37 6.32 3.74 3.05

Texas 2.93 4.57 5.34 6.24 5.92 4.90 3.53 6.28 4.49 2.78

Utah 1.76 2.58 4.76 8.41 5.29 3.78 2.15 11.66 7.37 2.64

Vermont 1.13 1.92 5.12 3.27 7.05 8.76 1.85 6.24 4.62 1.81

Virginia 2.10 4.28 6.56 6.48 6.82 4.57 3.45 6.43 4.92 2.24

Washington 1.93 3.43 6.16 8.77 7.59 4.54 2.62 11.41 6.54 3.10

West Virginia 1.36 3.33 5.19 5.39 3.96 3.44 3.21 6.09 4.09 1.98

Wisconsin 0.70 1.92 3.68 6.09 5.67 4.34 1.05 6.95 6.62 5.24

Wyoming 2.15 3.61 3.93 6.22 8.55 2.80 3.22 5.62 10.75 2.75

State State/US

Total

Total, 

Under 18

Age Under 18

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-10
Table A-4. Year 2000 Census Undercount as Percent of Adjusted Count, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 1.75 1.18 4.95 5.59 5.32 3.81 0.29 3.06 3.51 1.99

Alabama 1.75 0.96 5.45 2.91 4.55 2.49 0.59 1.92 0.75 3.34

Alaska 2.05 1.70 4.44 2.44 3.50 1.80 1.63 2.10 1.02 1.77

Arizona 2.49 1.91 4.20 5.18 5.54 3.50 0.72 5.56 8.59 2.48

Arkansas 1.72 0.96 6.58 3.67 5.25 4.39 0.71 1.89 1.26 2.52

California 3.01 2.43 4.68 5.41 4.88 3.76 0.93 5.68 2.24 1.60

Colorado 2.12 1.67 4.30 5.31 4.91 3.22 0.98 6.07 2.87 2.24

Connecticut 0.85 0.52 5.36 5.94 5.01 4.50 -0.40 4.23 0.80 2.79

Delaware 1.90 1.17 6.64 4.92 5.41 3.88 0.61 2.69 0.41 1.67

District of Columbia 3.59 2.77 7.92 5.88 7.13 6.89 0.92 3.10 -0.47 3.96

Florida 2.16 1.41 5.05 3.98 6.41 2.90 0.39 2.75 1.37 1.59

Georgia 2.23 1.41 7.61 5.27 7.04 5.60 0.74 2.53 1.30 2.54

Hawaii 1.91 1.38 4.88 4.96 4.89 2.83 2.02 6.23 2.58 0.50

Idaho 2.23 1.63 7.08 4.04 8.48 6.31 1.18 2.01 5.84 2.30

Illinois 1.08 0.60 2.78 2.91 3.27 2.94 -0.02 2.10 0.49 1.95

Indiana 0.52 0.12 2.27 1.79 3.07 2.09 -0.11 1.80 0.28 3.49

Iowa 0.46 0.19 3.77 2.16 4.57 2.60 0.03 2.10 1.34 4.84

Kansas 0.77 0.41 3.66 2.63 3.43 3.38 0.07 2.04 0.90 3.57

Kentucky 1.58 0.90 5.16 3.55 5.20 3.01 0.76 2.18 1.39 2.95

Louisiana 2.20 1.28 5.16 3.38 5.54 3.31 0.61 2.34 1.06 2.72

Maine 0.73 0.47 5.79 1.35 2.19 4.79 0.40 2.30 3.69 2.72

Maryland 2.24 1.50 6.21 5.15 7.14 3.98 0.56 3.17 0.88 1.07

Massachusetts 0.73 0.45 5.70 6.31 5.92 5.15 -0.38 5.60 0.82 3.77

Michigan 0.75 0.26 2.60 2.29 3.26 2.07 -0.13 1.89 0.76 2.54

Minnesota 0.54 0.19 2.64 3.04 3.60 3.13 -0.06 3.47 3.37 3.30

Mississippi 2.10 1.16 5.12 3.00 9.62 3.82 0.64 2.01 5.90 3.32

Missouri 0.65 0.21 2.26 1.88 2.93 2.03 -0.06 1.91 0.45 3.10

Montana 2.34 1.64 5.47 2.65 6.63 0.71 1.20 1.98 8.02 3.21

Nebraska 0.71 0.39 3.87 2.94 4.21 3.75 0.12 2.48 3.79 3.68

Nevada 2.51 2.06 4.84 5.61 5.41 4.13 1.19 6.02 4.67 1.74

New Hampshire 0.86 0.65 5.54 3.52 8.03 2.09 0.55 2.24 1.49 3.10

New Jersey 0.88 0.47 5.39 5.75 5.36 3.59 -1.18 4.19 -0.11 1.44

New Mexico 3.14 2.63 3.92 4.45 5.07 2.83 0.89 3.89 8.17 2.26

New York 1.78 1.42 6.09 6.84 6.29 4.96 -0.63 5.29 1.79 2.86

North Carolina 1.90 1.16 6.88 4.74 6.21 5.09 0.79 2.03 1.86 2.72

North Dakota 0.75 0.34 5.52 2.21 5.92 1.35 -0.03 2.43 6.83 4.77

Ohio 0.72 0.26 2.86 2.92 3.14 2.64 -0.03 1.99 0.28 2.89

Oklahoma 1.83 1.06 6.11 4.35 6.37 4.81 0.65 2.61 1.27 3.62

Oregon 1.94 1.46 6.43 5.39 6.10 4.33 1.03 5.65 2.78 2.93

Pennsylvania 0.39 -0.10 4.83 4.32 5.40 3.64 -0.57 2.71 0.17 2.45

Rhode Island 0.41 0.11 5.60 6.98 6.65 4.70 -0.66 5.57 0.56 3.90

South Carolina 2.02 1.21 6.13 3.52 4.86 4.25 0.72 2.24 1.22 2.06

South Dakota 1.05 0.52 5.30 5.25 6.60 8.05 -0.06 2.08 7.91 4.11

Tennessee 1.77 1.02 5.97 3.63 4.64 3.80 0.65 2.62 1.00 2.91

Texas 2.93 2.27 5.42 5.20 5.98 4.74 0.73 2.78 1.13 2.51

Utah 1.76 1.37 4.36 4.93 5.83 3.62 1.01 6.15 6.17 3.03

Vermont 1.13 0.87 6.29 1.31 19.44 -0.93 0.78 2.66 2.15 4.65

Virginia 2.10 1.38 6.96 5.17 6.32 3.69 0.77 2.69 1.33 1.53

Washington 1.93 1.42 6.11 5.94 6.10 3.51 0.89 6.00 4.18 1.82

West Virginia 1.36 0.80 5.72 2.83 4.37 5.12 0.73 1.48 1.64 2.68

Wisconsin 0.70 0.28 3.86 3.26 3.78 3.89 -0.05 2.84 3.96 4.51

Wyoming 2.15 1.61 4.25 2.55 6.66 2.32 1.31 1.61 7.29 2.84

State State/US

Total

Total, 18 

and Over

Age 18 and Over

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-11
Table A-4. Year 2000 Census Undercount as Percent of Adjusted Count, continued

White Black American

Indian

Asian/

Pacific Is. White Black AmericanIndian

Asian/

Pacific Is.

United States 1.75 4.95 5.88 5.43 4.07 0.69 4.34 4.58 2.34

Alabama 1.75 5.35 4.14 5.14 2.92 1.17 3.23 1.27 3.33

Alaska 2.05 4.35 4.04 3.11 2.41 1.99 3.35 1.10 2.29

Arizona 2.49 4.38 6.18 6.01 3.74 1.01 7.42 9.75 2.49

Arkansas 1.72 6.48 4.72 5.16 3.93 1.32 3.35 2.03 2.54

California 3.01 4.90 6.48 5.14 4.07 1.20 7.58 2.58 2.16

Colorado 2.12 4.47 6.65 5.13 3.53 1.31 7.90 3.15 2.42

Connecticut 0.85 5.02 5.94 4.80 4.59 -0.21 5.23 0.95 2.76

Delaware 1.90 6.52 5.89 6.04 4.58 1.22 3.85 1.18 1.72

District of Columbia 3.59 7.93 6.38 7.15 6.09 1.41 4.07 0.64 4.17

Florida 2.16 5.35 4.66 6.44 3.27 1.03 3.97 2.28 1.78

Georgia 2.23 7.40 5.75 6.66 5.63 1.36 3.75 1.96 2.72

Hawaii 1.91 5.16 7.42 5.12 3.68 2.12 7.50 2.46 1.19

Idaho 2.23 6.75 4.59 8.35 5.44 1.77 3.29 6.98 2.27

Illinois 1.08 2.63 3.55 3.05 2.99 0.24 3.59 0.89 2.08

Indiana 0.52 2.02 2.71 2.77 2.42 0.19 3.21 0.52 3.14

Iowa 0.46 3.56 3.63 4.91 2.76 0.26 3.58 1.97 4.24

Kansas 0.77 3.44 3.49 3.59 3.50 0.34 3.51 1.44 3.40

Kentucky 1.58 5.32 4.33 5.24 4.12 1.39 3.47 2.15 3.00

Louisiana 2.20 5.22 4.31 5.59 4.16 1.26 3.70 1.83 2.88

Maine 0.73 5.61 4.16 2.48 4.95 0.65 3.34 4.40 2.74

Maryland 2.24 6.17 5.60 6.71 4.07 1.21 4.13 1.90 1.31

Massachusetts 0.73 5.33 6.19 5.50 4.98 -0.22 6.20 1.05 3.89

Michigan 0.75 2.56 3.10 3.33 2.47 0.17 3.29 1.30 2.47

Minnesota 0.54 2.33 3.78 3.81 3.15 0.19 4.74 4.47 3.51

Mississippi 2.10 5.05 3.84 9.14 4.48 1.22 3.45 7.29 3.60

Missouri 0.65 2.02 2.69 3.08 2.17 0.22 3.38 0.82 2.97

Montana 2.34 5.28 6.07 7.50 2.08 1.76 2.96 9.24 3.01

Nebraska 0.71 3.69 3.15 4.80 3.80 0.36 3.95 4.89 3.34

Nevada 2.51 4.94 6.75 5.91 4.53 1.43 7.87 5.37 2.03

New Hampshire 0.86 5.22 4.54 6.83 3.16 0.75 3.39 1.78 2.87

New Jersey 0.88 4.82 5.78 4.65 3.66 -0.95 5.37 0.05 1.65

New Mexico 3.14 3.85 5.59 5.32 3.01 1.30 5.32 9.21 2.50

New York 1.78 5.50 6.53 5.72 5.04 -0.39 6.02 2.06 3.13

North Carolina 1.90 6.81 5.42 6.38 5.70 1.33 3.35 2.69 2.81

North Dakota 0.75 5.42 4.87 6.82 4.21 0.21 3.53 8.02 4.33

Ohio 0.72 2.78 3.61 3.06 2.91 0.27 3.46 0.57 2.78

Oklahoma 1.83 6.06 5.08 6.37 4.74 1.34 3.85 2.23 3.37

Oregon 1.94 6.30 6.60 6.14 4.54 1.47 7.42 3.44 2.89

Pennsylvania 0.39 4.40 4.79 4.53 3.94 -0.28 4.59 0.40 2.46

Rhode Island 0.41 5.03 6.59 5.20 4.91 -0.47 6.26 0.67 4.10

South Carolina 2.02 6.04 4.41 6.05 4.65 1.30 3.48 1.83 2.28

South Dakota 1.05 5.21 4.83 6.90 7.20 0.19 3.45 9.17 3.70

Tennessee 1.77 5.81 4.32 5.73 3.80 1.28 3.83 1.68 2.95

Texas 2.93 5.39 5.58 5.96 4.79 1.41 3.90 1.96 2.59

Utah 1.76 4.51 6.54 5.60 3.69 1.38 8.15 6.72 2.89

Vermont 1.13 5.96 2.05 14.82 3.98 1.04 3.87 2.81 3.74

Virginia 2.10 6.84 5.60 6.46 4.01 1.38 3.81 2.11 1.72

Washington 1.93 6.13 7.02 6.67 3.87 1.30 7.66 4.97 2.20

West Virginia 1.36 5.58 3.72 4.24 4.31 1.28 2.76 2.12 2.50

Wisconsin 0.70 3.80 4.49 4.61 4.04 0.21 4.44 4.94 4.81

Wyoming 2.15 4.14 4.16 7.46 2.49 1.80 2.96 8.77 2.81

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

State State/US

Total

All Ages

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Appendix A-12
Appendix B: 2000 Population Projections by Metropolitan Area 

(Adjusted and Unadjusted) 
219,885,182 223,969,889 4,084,707 1.82

4,450,583 4,529,922 79,339 1.75

117,681 119,549 1,868 1.56

104,456 106,885 2,429 2.27

930,367 948,239 17,873 1.88

51,144 52,195 1,051 2.01

147,058 149,161 2,103 1.41

136,048 138,610 2,562 1.85

139,761 141,666 1,905 1.34

105,842 107,170 1,328 1.24

354,827 360,668 5,842 1.62

548,712 560,006 11,294 2.02

329,421 335,294 5,873 1.75

163,714 166,934 3,220 1.93

653,293 666,937 13,644 2.05

278,564 285,736 7,172 2.51

4,797,526 4,920,243 122,717 2.49

115,603 122,042 6,438 5.28

137,559 140,042 2,483 1.77

3,032,975 3,096,068 63,093 2.04

796,420 815,910 19,490 2.39

133,652 137,660 4,008 2.91

2,631,383 2,677,467 46,084 1.72

295,230 300,381 5,151 1.71

162,908 165,269 2,361 1.43

81,481 82,918 1,436 1.73

576,294 587,867 11,573 1.97

50,092 51,483 1,391 2.70

81,121 82,638 1,517 1.84

40,705 41,417 712 1.72

32,521,102 33,529,783 1,008,681 3.01

634,278 655,175 20,897 3.19

189,163 194,464 5,301 2.73

878,648 916,099 37,450 4.09

9,109,292 9,450,954 341,662 3.62

197,539 206,382 8,842 4.28

426,322 439,445 13,123 2.99

2,309,416 2,372,770 63,354 2.67

2,727,406 2,794,224 66,818 2.39

160,751 164,350 3,600 2.19

3,151,825 3,242,901 91,076 2.81

1,527,067 1,563,299 36,232 2.32

359,044 372,718 13,675 3.67

2,769,168 2,846,940 77,772 2.73

1,668,190 1,708,870 40,680 2.38

1,642,551 1,684,168 41,617 2.47

229,196 235,708 6,513 2.76

382,182 395,191 13,009 3.29

238,120 245,298 7,178 2.93

426,890 438,175 11,285 2.58

554,293 573,393 19,100 3.33

492,896 505,256 12,360 2.45

725,776 744,147 18,371 2.47

356,810 372,135 15,326 4.12

152,176 158,020 5,844 3.70

136,218 140,638 4,420 3.14

 Anchorage, AK MSA

 Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (AZ portion)

 Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (AR portion)

Arkansas

 Jonesboro, AR MSA

 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA

Alaska

Arizona

 Mobile, AL MSA

 Montgomery, AL MSA

 Tuscaloosa, AL MSA

 Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (AZ portion)

 Phoenix-Mesa, AZ MSA

 Tucson, AZ MSA

 Yuma, AZ MSA

 Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

 Anniston, AL MSA

State, MSA Unadjusted

 for undercount

Adjusted

for undercount

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Number1 Rate2

Alabama

Total, All MSAs

 Gadsden, AL MSA

 Huntsville, AL MSA

 Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA

 Birmingham, AL MSA

 Columbus, GA-AL MSA (AL portion)

 Decatur, AL MSA

 Dothan, AL MSA

 Florence, AL MSA

 Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (AR portion)

 Pine Bluff, AR MSA

 Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (AR portion)

 Bakersfield, CA MSA

 Chico-Paradise, CA MSA

 Fresno, CA MSA

California

 Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA

 Merced, CA MSA

 Modesto, CA MSA

 Oakland, CA PMSA

 Orange County, CA PMSA

 Redding, CA MSA

 Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA

 Sacramento, CA PMSA

 Salinas, CA MSA

 San Diego, CA MSA

 San Francisco, CA PMSA

 San Jose, CA PMSA

 San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA MSA

 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA MSA

 Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA PMSA

 Santa Rosa, CA PMSA

 Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA

 Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA

 Ventura, CA PMSA

 Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA MSA

 Yolo, CA PMSA

 Yuba City, CA MSA

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix B-1
4,168,224 4,258,653 90,429 2.12

278,482 285,272 6,790 2.38

519,179 530,627 11,449 2.16

2,036,996 2,075,065 38,068 1.83

243,542 249,436 5,894 2.36

118,002 120,463 2,461 2.04

165,654 170,904 5,250 3.07

135,955 139,031 3,076 2.21

3,284,142 3,312,393 28,251 0.85

1,111,341 1,121,323 9,982 0.89

1,639,619 1,652,649 13,031 0.79

244,020 246,709 2,689 1.09

767,559 782,464 14,905 1.90

127,936 130,336 2,400 1.84

495,256 505,280 10,025 1.98

523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59

523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59

15,233,224 15,569,941 336,717 2.16

485,632 492,739 7,107 1.44

1,550,294 1,582,531 32,236 2.04

404,528 410,456 5,928 1.44

303,154 307,908 4,754 1.54

173,779 177,041 3,262 1.84

199,868 205,104 5,235 2.55

1,066,794 1,090,023 23,229 2.13

459,788 467,922 8,134 1.74

478,448 486,261 7,813 1.61

2,151,727 2,241,902 90,176 4.02

210,540 215,073 4,533 2.11

251,659 255,785 4,127 1.61

1,559,722 1,595,499 35,777 2.24

150,475 153,098 2,623 1.71

409,600 418,182 8,582 2.05

140,112 141,338 1,226 0.87

552,369 559,124 6,755 1.21

263,623 269,902 6,279 2.33

2,281,187 2,321,254 40,066 1.73

1,065,442 1,084,711 19,269 1.78

7,874,792 8,054,395 179,603 2.23

118,758 121,636 2,878 2.37

140,224 143,898 3,674 2.55

3,918,075 4,011,494 93,419 2.33

307,310 315,054 7,744 2.46

132,167 134,071 1,904 1.42

219,141 224,212 5,071 2.26

323,904 330,779 6,875 2.08

290,277 296,053 5,776 1.95

1,257,404 1,281,917 24,513 1.91

910,501 928,185 17,685 1.91

1,346,506 1,377,221 30,715 2.23

442,392 451,769 9,377 2.08

80,775 82,531 1,756 2.13

Idaho

Hawaii

Connecticut

Colorado

Delaware

Estimated 2000 Undercount

Unadjusted

 for undercount

 Boulder-Longmont, CO PMSA

 Colorado Springs, CO MSA

State, MSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

Rate Adjusted 2

for undercount

Number1

2000 Population Projections

 Denver, CO PMSA

 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA

 Grand Junction, CO MSA

 Greeley, CO PMSA

 Pueblo, CO MSA

 Hartford, CT NECMA

 New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA

 New London-Norwich, CT NECMA

 Dover, DE MSA

 Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (DE portion)

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (DC portion)

 Daytona Beach, FL MSA

Florida

District of Columbia

 Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA

 Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA

 Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA

 Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA

 Gainesville, FL MSA

 Jacksonville, FL MSA

 Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA

 Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL MSA

 Miami, FL PMSA

 Naples, FL MSA3

 Ocala, FL MSA

 Orlando, FL MSA

 Panama City, FL MSA

 Pensacola, FL MSA

 Punta Gorda, FL MSA

 Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA

 Tallahassee, FL MSA

 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA

 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL MSA

 Albany, GA MSA

Georgia

 Athens, GA MSA

 Atlanta, GA MSA

 Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (GA portion)

 Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (GA portion)

 Columbus, GA-AL MSA (GA portion)

 Macon, GA MSA

 Savannah, GA MSA

 Honolulu, HI MSA

 Boise City, ID MSA

 Pocatello, ID MSA

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix B-2
12,050,818 12,182,404 131,586 1.08

144,322 145,456 1,135 0.78

164,426 166,971 2,545 1.52

7,971,158 8,079,923 108,765 1.35

196,588 197,842 1,254 0.63

111,646 112,327 682 0.61

102,376 103,339 963 0.93

342,197 344,098 1,901 0.55

359,430 361,587 2,156 0.60

205,059 206,010 951 0.46

601,981 607,291 5,311 0.87

6,044,528 6,075,839 31,311 0.52

117,756 119,032 1,277 1.07

55,609 55,616 6 0.01

178,048 178,827 779 0.44

251,684 252,428 744 0.29

491,662 493,474 1,812 0.37

626,849 632,085 5,237 0.83

1,572,462 1,585,713 13,251 0.84

101,943 102,275 333 0.33

176,557 178,419 1,862 1.04

231,319 232,158 839 0.36

117,336 118,040 704 0.60

262,715 264,319 1,604 0.61

150,488 150,992 504 0.33

2,899,829 2,913,111 13,282 0.46

187,310 187,956 646 0.34

161,050 162,507 1,457 0.90

451,263 454,287 3,025 0.67

88,645 88,857 212 0.24

105,279 106,653 1,374 1.29

87,241 87,623 382 0.44

102,908 103,497 589 0.57

121,584 122,330 746 0.61

2,668,263 2,689,010 20,747 0.77

702,076 707,459 5,383 0.76

96,164 97,478 1,314 1.35

166,662 167,759 1,098 0.65

560,815 566,402 5,587 0.99

3,994,566 4,058,881 64,315 1.58

365,220 370,663 5,443 1.47

73,041 74,660 1,619 2.17

44,719 45,386 668 1.47

113,401 114,704 1,304 1.14

459,797 468,819 9,021 1.92

781,667 794,860 13,192 1.66

91,983 93,219 1,236 1.33

4,424,618 4,523,993 99,375 2.20

125,957 128,339 2,383 1.86

589,573 603,905 14,332 2.37

196,923 200,314 3,390 1.69

384,915 392,850 7,935 2.02

183,883 187,016 3,133 1.68

148,651 151,600 2,949 1.95

1,322,427 1,355,983 33,556 2.47

380,874 390,014 9,139 2.34

Louisiana

Footnotes at end of table.

 Alexandria, LA MSA

 Baton Rouge, LA MSA

 Houma, LA MSA

 Lafayette, LA MSA

 Lake Charles, LA MSA

Number1 Rate2

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Indiana

Illinois

 Bloomington-Normal, IL MSA

 Champaign-Urbana, IL MSA

State, MSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

Unadjusted

 for undercount

Adjusted

for undercount

 Chicago, IL PMSA

 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IL portion)

 Decatur, IL MSA

 Kankakee, IL PMSA

 Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA

 Rockford, IL MSA

 Springfield, IL MSA

 St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (IL portion)

 Bloomington, IN MSA

 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (IN portion)

 Elkhart-Goshen, IN MSA

 Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (IN portion)

 Fort Wayne, IN MSA

 Gary, IN PMSA

 Indianapolis, IN MSA

 Kokomo, IN MSA

 Lafayette, IN MSA

 Louisville, KY-IN MSA (IN portion)

 Muncie, IN MSA

 South Bend, IN MSA

 Terre Haute, IN MSA

 Cedar Rapids, IA MSA

 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IA portion)

 Des Moines, IA MSA

Iowa

 Dubuque, IA MSA

 Iowa City, IA MSA

 Omaha, NE-IA MSA (IA portion)

 Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (IA portion)

 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA

 Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (KS portion)

 Lawrence, KS MSA

 Topeka, KS MSA

Kansas

 Wichita, KS MSA

 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (KY portion)

 Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (KY portion)

 Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (KY portion)

Kentucky

 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (KY portion)

 Lexington, KY MSA

 Louisville, KY-IN MSA (KY portion)

 Owensboro, KY MSA

 Monroe, LA MSA

 New Orleans, LA MSA

 Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA

Appendix B-3
1,259,170 1,268,481 9,311 0.73

142,487 143,591 1,103 0.77

101,140 101,989 848 0.83

258,218 260,458 2,240 0.86

5,274,608 5,395,635 121,027 2.24

2,535,095 2,590,294 55,198 2.13

71,207 72,123 916 1.27

130,017 132,058 2,041 1.55

2,065,815 2,119,201 53,386 2.52

86,291 87,794 1,503 1.71

6,198,746 6,244,609 45,863 0.73

213,660 215,304 1,644 0.76

5,171,003 5,207,498 36,495 0.70

131,287 132,474 1,187 0.90

589,449 594,773 5,324 0.90

9,678,943 9,751,789 72,846 0.75

545,691 549,633 3,942 0.72

155,736 157,131 1,395 0.89

4,416,136 4,458,625 42,488 0.95

426,501 430,940 4,439 1.03

1,031,539 1,038,034 6,495 0.63

153,099 153,549 450 0.29

437,407 440,395 2,988 0.68

439,909 444,836 4,927 1.11

390,635 392,731 2,096 0.53

4,829,798 4,855,828 26,030 0.54

192,425 192,729 304 0.16

51,893 52,223 330 0.63

30,565 30,684 120 0.39

19,432 19,444 12 0.06

2,822,228 2,842,741 20,513 0.72

119,379 119,805 426 0.36

165,400 166,027 626 0.38

2,815,743 2,876,098 60,355 2.10

362,481 368,654 6,172 1.67

115,637 117,918 2,281 1.93

441,307 452,195 10,889 2.41

107,001 108,801 1,800 1.65

5,540,378 5,576,552 36,174 0.65

133,781 135,481 1,700 1.25

153,024 153,450 426 0.28

1,080,015 1,090,752 10,738 0.98

317,239 318,500 1,261 0.40

97,478 97,816 338 0.35

1,980,109 1,996,868 16,759 0.84

949,657 972,459 22,802 2.34

136,789 139,359 2,570 1.84

83,811 85,460 1,650 1.93

96,593 98,805 2,212 2.24

1,705,467 1,717,719 12,252 0.71

244,604 246,364 1,761 0.71

628,069 634,182 6,113 0.96

19,138 19,270 132 0.68

1,871,299 1,919,561 48,262 2.51

1,291,870 1,324,375 32,505 2.45

324,768 333,380 8,611 2.58

State, MSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

 Flint, MI PMSA

 Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA

 Jackson, MI MSA

Massachusetts

Michigan

 Ann Arbor, MI PMSA

 Benton Harbor, MI MSA

 Detroit, MI PMSA

 Springfield, MA NECMA

Nevada

 Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (NV portion)

 Reno, NV MSA

Footnotes at end of table.

Unadjusted

 for undercount

Adjusted

for undercount

Number1 Rate2

 Lewiston-Auburn, ME NECMA

 Portland, ME NECMA

 Baltimore, MD PMSA

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

 Bangor, ME NECMA

Maine

Maryland

 Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (MD portion)

 Hagerstown, MD PMSA

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (MD portion)

 Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (MD portion)

 Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA NECMA

 Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (MA portion)

 Pittsfield, MA NECMA

 Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA

 Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA

 Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA

 Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)

Minnesota

 Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)

 Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)

 La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (MN portion)

 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)

 Rochester, MN MSA

 St. Cloud, MN MSA

 Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA

 Hattiesburg, MS MSA

Mississippi

 Jackson, MS MSA

 Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (MS portion)

 Columbia, MO MSA

 Joplin, MO MSA

Missouri

 Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (MO portion)

 Springfield, MO MSA

 St. Joseph, MO MSA

 St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (MO portion)

 Billings, MT MSA

 Great Falls, MT MSA

Montana

 Missoula, MT MSA

 Lincoln, NE MSA

 Omaha, NE-IA MSA (NE portion)

 Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (NE portion)

Nebraska

Appendix B-4
1,224,230 1,234,846 10,616 0.86

769,223 775,517 6,294 0.81

8,177,791 8,250,120 72,329 0.88

340,034 344,198 4,164 1.21

1,346,939 1,355,775 8,836 0.65

548,813 568,647 19,833 3.49

1,141,587 1,146,203 4,616 0.40

1,119,292 1,114,963 -4,329 -0.39

1,958,556 1,988,523 29,967 1.51

1,249,408 1,252,527 3,119 0.25

332,810 336,874 4,063 1.21

140,352 142,412 2,060 1.45

1,860,397 1,920,618 60,221 3.14

729,650 748,542 18,892 2.52

183,866 190,039 6,173 3.25

154,134 157,863 3,729 2.36

18,146,185 18,474,607 328,422 1.78

866,097 869,978 3,881 0.45

242,841 244,643 1,801 0.74

1,134,916 1,137,964 3,048 0.27

264,629 267,248 2,618 0.98

90,413 90,981 568 0.62

121,257 122,082 825 0.68

135,947 137,195 1,247 0.91

2,672,200 2,659,106 -13,095 -0.49

8,729,589 9,020,776 291,187 3.23

332,467 336,477 4,010 1.19

1,078,414 1,085,693 7,279 0.67

725,692 729,676 3,984 0.55

286,897 289,340 2,443 0.84

7,777,253 7,928,110 150,857 1.90

219,713 222,810 3,098 1.39

1,281,013 1,306,573 25,559 1.96

278,834 285,083 6,249 2.19

113,890 116,250 2,359 2.03

1,199,672 1,219,429 19,756 1.62

131,641 134,888 3,247 2.41

331,118 336,004 4,885 1.45

136,403 139,493 3,090 2.22

19,101 19,424 322 1.66

1,137,033 1,162,650 25,616 2.20

150,335 153,714 3,380 2.20

232,071 236,062 3,991 1.69

661,689 666,663 4,974 0.75

96,620 96,852 232 0.24

124,700 125,447 747 0.60

68,541 69,235 694 1.00

New Mexico

New Jersey

New Hampshire

 Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (NH portion)

 Atlantic-Cape May, NJ PMSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

 Goldsboro, NC MSA

 Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA

 Greenville, NC MSA

 Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA

North Carolina

 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (NC portion)

 Asheville, NC MSA

 Fayetteville, NC MSA

North Dakota

 Bergen-Passaic, NJ PMSA

 Jersey City, NJ PMSA

 Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ PMSA

 Monmouth-Ocean, NJ PMSA

 Newark, NJ PMSA

 Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (NJ portion)

 Trenton, NJ PMSA

 Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ PMSA

 Albuquerque, NM MSA

 Las Cruces, NM MSA

 Santa Fe, NM MSA

 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA

New York

 Binghamton, NY MSA

 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA

 Dutchess County, NY PMSA

 Elmira, NY MSA

 Glens Falls, NY MSA

 Jamestown, NY MSA

 Nassau-Suffolk, NY PMSA

 New York, NY PMSA

 Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (NY portion)

 Rochester, NY MSA

 Syracuse, NY MSA

 Utica-Rome, NY MSA

 Jacksonville, NC MSA

 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (NC portion)

 Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA

 Rocky Mount, NC MSA

 Wilmington, NC MSA

 Bismarck, ND MSA

 Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)

 Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)

Footnotes at end of table.

Adjusted

for undercount

Number1 Rate State, MSA 2

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Unadjusted

 for undercount

Appendix B-5
11,318,718 11,400,840 82,122 0.72

697,768 703,476 5,707 0.81

404,730 406,126 1,396 0.34

1,224,621 1,236,907 12,286 0.99

2,230,158 2,249,833 19,675 0.87

1,504,282 1,521,356 17,074 1.12

949,061 957,736 8,675 0.91

341,067 342,864 1,797 0.52

65,171 65,290 120 0.18

154,419 155,017 597 0.39

174,967 175,484 517 0.29

63,810 63,872 62 0.10

73,338 73,463 125 0.17

609,339 615,160 5,821 0.95

68,870 68,897 27 0.04

590,115 592,906 2,791 0.47

3,372,514 3,435,350 62,836 1.83

56,095 56,988 892 1.57

38,463 39,067 604 1.54

113,469 115,853 2,384 2.06

1,050,889 1,073,188 22,299 2.08

788,335 803,325 14,990 1.87

3,397,161 3,464,440 67,279 1.94

79,643 82,244 2,600 3.16

322,771 330,093 7,322 2.22

180,047 183,771 3,724 2.03

1,549,465 1,574,639 25,174 1.60

341,263 349,342 8,080 2.31

12,202,050 12,250,280 48,230 0.39

629,057 628,615 -442 -0.07

132,139 132,665 526 0.40

280,149 281,988 1,840 0.65

631,131 634,399 3,269 0.52

238,012 239,321 1,309 0.55

470,100 474,514 4,414 0.93

44,209 44,550 341 0.77

3,767,703 3,787,017 19,314 0.51

2,366,547 2,364,746 -1,801 -0.08

364,836 367,401 2,565 0.70

616,878 614,334 -2,544 -0.41

123,745 124,404 659 0.53

136,329 138,516 2,187 1.58

118,350 119,133 783 0.66

386,535 388,635 2,100 0.54

997,607 1,001,737 4,130 0.41

915,124 918,343 3,220 0.35

3,858,023 3,937,527 79,504 2.02

155,075 158,164 3,090 1.95

538,486 552,247 13,761 2.49

157,724 160,417 2,694 1.68

517,545 529,120 11,575 2.19

125,616 128,234 2,618 2.04

925,006 940,515 15,509 1.65

179,932 183,149 3,217 1.76

106,562 109,026 2,463 2.26

 Medford-Ashland, OR MSA

Oregon

Ohio

 Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA

 Myrtle Beach, SC MSA

 Sumter, SC MSA

Oklahoma

 Oklahoma City, OK MSA

 Tulsa, OK MSA

 Corvallis, OR MSA

 Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

State, MSA Unadjusted

 for undercount

 Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA

 Columbus, OH MSA

 Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA

 Akron, OH PMSA

 Canton-Massillon, OH MSA

 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (OH portion)

 Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSA

 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (OH portion)

 Lima, OH MSA

 Mansfield, OH MSA

 Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)

 Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (OH portion)

 Toledo, OH MSA

 Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)

 Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA

 Enid, OK MSA

 Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (OK portion)

 Lawton, OK MSA

 Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (OR portion)

 Salem, OR PMSA

 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA

 Altoona, PA MSA

Pennsylvania

 Erie, PA MSA

 Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA

 Johnstown, PA MSA

 Lancaster, PA MSA

 Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (PA portion)

 Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (PA portion)

 Pittsburgh, PA MSA

 Reading, PA MSA

 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA

 Sharon, PA MSA

 State College, PA MSA

 Williamsport, PA MSA

 York, PA MSA

 Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA

 Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (SC portion)

 Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA

Rhode Island

South Carolina

 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (SC portion)

 Columbia, SC MSA

 Florence, SC MSA

Adjusted

for undercount

Number1 Rate2

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix B-6
777,073 785,318 8,245 1.05

92,376 93,037 661 0.71

176,926 177,505 579 0.33

5,657,161 5,758,958 101,797 1.77

328,660 334,588 5,928 1.77

135,290 138,051 2,761 2.00

104,421 106,322 1,901 1.79

386,125 390,984 4,859 1.24

689,476 700,252 10,775 1.54

967,795 993,684 25,889 2.61

1,221,257 1,244,232 22,974 1.85

20,119,335 20,727,421 608,086 2.93

121,201 123,776 2,576 2.08

211,725 215,816 4,091 1.90

1,162,314 1,201,692 39,378 3.28

378,088 384,737 6,649 1.73

237,543 242,737 5,194 2.14

325,178 336,155 10,978 3.27

134,511 139,182 4,671 3.36

382,536 397,393 14,858 3.74

3,322,711 3,420,519 97,808 2.86

695,704 727,138 31,434 4.32

1,637,223 1,680,478 43,256 2.57

249,892 255,203 5,311 2.08

4,019,454 4,157,348 137,894 3.32

310,405 318,172 7,767 2.44

191,377 197,312 5,936 3.01

212,738 216,874 4,136 1.91

227,003 232,994 5,991 2.57

529,394 552,940 23,546 4.26

245,634 250,603 4,969 1.98

101,835 104,078 2,243 2.16

1,540,126 1,599,034 58,908 3.68

104,662 106,429 1,768 1.66

83,925 85,387 1,462 1.71

172,817 176,455 3,638 2.06

82,686 84,838 2,152 2.54

205,175 209,992 4,817 2.29

138,102 140,611 2,509 1.78

2,207,013 2,246,639 39,626 1.76

6,517 6,615 98 1.48

356,712 366,722 10,010 2.73

1,317,850 1,334,532 16,681 1.25

616,803 623,862 7,059 1.13

203,268 205,288 2,020 0.98

6,997,006 7,147,001 149,995 2.10

155,381 159,057 3,676 2.31

108,728 110,788 2,060 1.86

90,545 91,789 1,244 1.36

213,341 216,853 3,512 1.62

1,559,205 1,599,952 40,746 2.55

987,409 1,007,676 20,267 2.01

230,405 233,603 3,198 1.37

2,138,046 2,185,278 47,232 2.16

 Knoxville, TN MSA

 Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (TN portion)

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

 Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (TN portion)

 Sioux Falls, SD MSA

 Jackson, TN MSA

 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (TN portion)

 Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (TN portion)

Adjusted

for undercount

Rate2

 Rapid City, SD MSA

State, MSA Number Unadjusted 1

 for undercount

Estimated 2000 Undercount

 Nashville, TN MSA

 Abilene, TX MSA

 Amarillo, TX MSA

 Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA

 Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX MSA

 Brazoria, TX PMSA

 Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX MSA

 Bryan-College Station, TX MSA

 Corpus Christi, TX MSA

 Dallas, TX PMSA

 El Paso, TX MSA

 Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA

 Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA

 Houston, TX PMSA

 Killeen-Temple, TX MSA

 Laredo, TX MSA

 Longview-Marshall, TX MSA

 Lubbock, TX MSA

 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA

 Odessa-Midland, TX MSA

 San Angelo, TX MSA

 San Antonio, TX MSA

 Sherman-Denison, TX MSA

 Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (TX portion)

 Tyler, TX MSA

 Victoria, TX MSA

 Waco, TX MSA

 Wichita Falls, TX MSA

 Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (UT portion)

 Provo-Orem, UT MSA

Utah

 Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA

Vermont

 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (VA portion)

 Lynchburg, VA MSA

 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (VA portion)

 Burlington, VT NECMA

 Charlottesville, VA MSA

 Danville, VA MSA

Virginia

 Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA

 Roanoke, VA MSA

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (VA portion)

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

2000 Population Projections

Appendix B-7
5,858,392 5,973,573 115,181 1.93

163,995 168,156 4,161 2.47

242,520 247,610 5,090 2.06

212,267 216,582 4,315 1.99

351,365 356,173 4,808 1.35

187,839 192,946 5,107 2.65

2,367,312 2,405,895 38,583 1.60

419,421 424,960 5,539 1.30

691,982 705,630 13,648 1.93

219,116 227,350 8,234 3.62

1,840,983 1,866,397 25,414 1.36

257,450 260,692 3,242 1.24

27,090 27,395 305 1.11

137,506 139,386 1,880 1.35

87,881 88,880 999 1.12

60,215 60,871 656 1.08

118,446 120,401 1,955 1.62

83,799 84,764 965 1.14

5,326,324 5,363,914 37,590 0.70

351,958 353,453 1,496 0.42

43,285 43,366 81 0.19

145,598 146,316 719 0.49

220,773 221,866 1,093 0.49

154,092 154,898 806 0.52

148,413 149,393 980 0.66

104,093 104,828 734 0.70

441,748 446,064 4,316 0.97

1,484,050 1,503,683 19,633 1.31

97,382 97,648 266 0.27

189,953 191,608 1,655 0.86

111,898 112,420 522 0.46

125,429 125,824 395 0.31

524,700 536,215 11,515 2.15

68,405 69,624 1,220 1.75

87,144 88,947 1,804 2.03

 Green Bay, WI MSA

 Kenosha, WI PMSA

 Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA

2

 Undercount as a percent of unadjusted population projection.

3

 Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original figures.

Wyoming

Wisconsin

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: Adjusted county totals, and therefore the undercount amount, will not sum to state total because of the different methodologies used to calculate 

the state and county population amounts.

1

 Adjusted minus unadjusted 2000 population projections.

 Eau Claire, WI MSA

 Bellingham, WA MSA

 Bremerton, WA PMSA

State, MSA

Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Washington

 Olympia, WA PMSA

 Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (WA portion)

 Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA

 Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA

 Spokane, WA MSA

 Tacoma, WA PMSA

 Yakima, WA MSA

 Charleston, WV MSA

West Virginia

 Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (WV portion)

 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (WV portion)

 Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)

 Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (WV portion)

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (WV portion)

 Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)

 Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA

 Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)

 La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (WI portion)

 Madison, WI MSA

 Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA

 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)

 Racine, WI PMSA

 Sheboygan, WI MSA

 Wausau, WI MSA

 Casper, WY MSA

 Cheyenne, WY MSA

Unadjusted

 for undercount

Adjusted

for undercount

Number1 Rate2

Appendix B-8
Appendix C: 2000 Population Projections by Center County 

(Adjusted and Unadjusted) 
173,685,927 177,300,582 3,614,655 2.04

4,450,583 4,529,922 79,339 1.75

Anniston, AL 117,681 119,549 1,868 1.56

Dothan (part), AL 48,727 49,782 1,055 2.12

Gadsden, AL 105,842 107,170 1,328 1.24

Dothan (part), AL 87,320 88,828 1,508 1.70

Birmingham (part), AL 661,145 675,167 14,022 2.08

Florence, AL 86,202 87,360 1,158 1.33

Auburn, AL; Opelika, AL 104,456 106,885 2,429 2.27

Huntsville (part), AL 64,852 65,786 934 1.42

Huntsville (part), AL 289,974 294,882 4,908 1.66

Mobile, AL 404,965 414,106 9,141 2.21

Montgomery, AL 219,107 223,315 4,208 1.88

Decatur (part), AL 112,587 114,136 1,548 1.36

Birmingham (part), AL 154,615 157,057 2,441 1.55

Tuscaloosa, AL 163,714 166,934 3,220 1.93

653,293 666,937 13,644 2.05

Anchorage, AK 278,564 285,736 7,172 2.51

4,797,526 4,920,243 122,717 2.49

Flagstaff, AZ 115,603 122,042 6,438 5.28

Mesa, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; Scottsdale, AZ; Tempe, AZ 2,882,749 2,940,924 58,175 1.98

Tucson, AZ 796,420 815,910 19,490 2.39

Yuma, AZ 133,652 137,660 4,008 2.91

2,631,383 2,677,467 46,084 1.72

Rogers, AR; Springdale (part), AR 147,507 149,735 2,228 1.49

Jonesboro, AR 81,481 82,918 1,436 1.73

West Memphis, AR 50,092 51,483 1,391 2.70

Conway, AR 85,411 86,923 1,512 1.74

Pine Bluff, AR 81,121 82,638 1,517 1.84

Texarkana, AR 40,705 41,417 712 1.72

Jacksonville, AR; Little Rock, AR; North Little Rock, AR 353,569 361,657 8,088 2.24

Fort Smith, AR 109,390 111,024 1,634 1.47

Fayetteville, AR; Springdale (part), AR 147,722 150,645 2,923 1.94

32,521,102 33,529,783 1,008,681 3.01

Alameda, CA; Berkeley, CA; Oakland, CA 1,391,368 1,436,857 45,489 3.17

Chico, CA; Paradise, CA 189,163 194,464 5,301 2.73

Fresno, CA 760,018 792,449 32,432 4.09

Bakersfield, CA 634,278 655,175 20,897 3.19

Lancaster, CA; Long Beach, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Pasadena, CA 9,109,292 9,450,954 341,662 3.62

Madera, CA 118,631 123,649 5,019 4.06

Merced, CA 197,539 206,382 8,842 4.28

Monterey, CA; Salinas, CA 359,044 372,718 13,675 3.67

Napa, CA 116,775 119,814 3,039 2.54

Anaheim, CA; Irvine, CA; Santa Ana, CA 2,727,406 2,794,224 66,818 2.39

Hemet, CA; Palm Desert, CA; Palm Springs, CA; Riverside, CA; Temecula, CA 1,512,416 1,555,379 42,963 2.76

Sacramento, CA 1,132,435 1,161,558 29,123 2.51

San Bernardino, CA 1,639,409 1,687,522 48,113 2.85

Coronado, CA; Escondido, CA; San Diego, CA 2,769,168 2,846,940 77,772 2.73

San Francisco, CA 742,033 764,808 22,775 2.98

Lodi, CA; Stockton, CA 554,293 573,393 19,100 3.33

Atascadero, CA; El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA; San Luis Obispo, CA 229,196 235,708 6,513 2.76

Lompoc, CA; Santa Barbara, CA; Santa Maria, CA 382,182 395,191 13,009 3.29

Gilroy, CA; Palo Alto, CA; San Jose, CA; Santa Clara, CA; Sunnyvale, CA 1,642,551 1,684,168 41,617 2.47

Santa Cruz, CA; Watsonville, CA 238,120 245,298 7,178 2.93

Redding, CA 160,751 164,350 3,600 2.19

Fairfield, CA; Vallejo, CA 376,121 385,442 9,321 2.42

Petaluma, CA; Santa Rosa, CA 426,890 438,175 11,285 2.58

Modesto, CA; Turlock, CA 426,322 439,445 13,123 2.99

Yuba City, CA 77,850 80,209 2,360 2.94

Porterville, CA; Tulare, CA; Visalia, CA 356,810 372,135 15,326 4.12

San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA 725,776 744,147 18,371 2.47

Davis, CA; Woodland, CA 152,176 158,020 5,844 3.70

Appendix C. Census 2000 Undercount by County

St County Center City in County (in whole or part) Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Alabama

 Calhoun County

 Dale County

 Etowah County

 Houston County

 Jefferson County

 Lauderdale County

 Lee County

 Limestone County

 Madison County

 Mobile County

 Montgomery County

 Morgan County

 Shelby County

 Tuscaloosa County

 Anchorage Borough

 Coconino County

 Maricopa County

 Pima County

 Yuma County

 Benton County

 Craighead County

 Crittenden County

 Faulkner County

 Jefferson County

 Miller County

 Pulaski County

 Sebastian County

 Washington County

 Alameda County

 Butte County

 Fresno County

California

 Kern County

 Los Angeles County

 Madera County

 Merced County

 Monterey County

 Napa County

 Orange County

 Riverside County

 Sacramento County

 San Bernardino County

 San Diego County

 San Francisco County

 San Joaquin County

 San Luis Obispo County

 Santa Barbara County

 Santa Clara County

 Santa Cruz County

 Shasta County

 Solano County

 Sonoma County

Arizona

Alaska

 Yolo County

 Stanislaus County

 Sutter County

 Tulare County

 Ventura County

Total, All Center Counties

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Arkansas

Appendix C-1
4,168,224 4,258,653 90,429 2.12

Boulder, CO; Longmont, CO 278,482 285,272 6,790 2.38

Denver, CO 509,478 525,580 16,103 3.06

Colorado Springs, CO 519,179 530,627 11,449 2.16

Fort Collins, CO; Loveland, CO 243,542 249,436 5,894 2.36

Grand Junction, CO 118,002 120,463 2,461 2.04

Pueblo, CO 135,955 139,031 3,076 2.21

Greeley, CO 165,654 170,904 5,250 3.07

3,284,142 3,312,393 28,251 0.85

Bridgeport city, CT; Danbury city, CT; Norwalk city, CT; Stamford city, CT 844,495 851,758 7,263 0.85

Hartford city, CT 826,628 834,847 8,219 0.98

Middletown city, CT 152,120 152,947 827 0.54

Meriden city, CT; New Haven city, CT; Waterbury city, CT 795,124 800,891 5,767 0.72

New London city, CT; Norwich city, CT 244,020 246,709 2,689 1.09

767,559 782,464 14,905 1.90

Dover, DE 127,936 130,336 2,400 1.84

Newark, DE; Wilmington, DE 495,256 505,280 10,025 1.98

523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59

Washington, DC 523,328 542,830 19,502 3.59

15,233,224 15,569,941 336,717 2.16

Gainesville, FL 199,868 205,104 5,235 2.55

Panama City, FL 150,475 153,098 2,623 1.71

Melbourne, FL; Palm Bay, FL; Titusville, FL 478,448 486,261 7,813 1.61

Fort Lauderdale, FL 1,550,294 1,582,531 32,236 2.04

Punta Gorda, FL 140,112 141,338 1,226 0.87

Naples, FL 210,540 215,073 4,533 2.11

Jacksonville, FL 739,165 756,799 17,633 2.33

Pensacola, FL 282,573 289,005 6,432 2.23

Tampa, FL 936,057 960,795 24,738 2.57

Cape Coral, FL; Fort Myers, FL 404,528 410,456 5,928 1.44

Tallahassee, FL 219,874 224,837 4,963 2.21

Bradenton, FL 244,693 248,720 4,027 1.62

Ocala, FL 251,659 255,785 4,127 1.61

Miami, FL; Miami Beach, FL 2,151,727 2,241,902 90,176 4.02

Fort Walton Beach, FL 173,779 177,041 3,262 1.84

Orlando, FL 826,968 849,164 22,196 2.61

Boca Raton, FL; West Palm Beach, FL 1,065,442 1,084,711 19,269 1.78

Clearwater, FL; St Petersburg, FL 876,035 886,387 10,352 1.17

Lakeland, FL; Winter Haven, FL 459,788 467,922 8,134 1.74

Sarasota, FL 307,676 310,404 2,728 0.88

Fort Pierce, FL; Port St Lucie, FL 184,407 187,576 3,169 1.69

Daytona Beach, FL 432,674 439,074 6,401 1.46

7,874,792 8,054,395 179,603 2.23

Macon (part), GA 156,378 159,703 3,325 2.08

Savannah, GA 224,949 229,442 4,493 1.96

Athens-Clarke County, GA 89,861 92,649 2,788 3.01

Atlanta (part), GA 591,193 609,329 18,135 2.98

Albany, GA 94,160 96,532 2,372 2.46

Atlanta (part), GA 751,394 776,047 24,653 3.18

Macon (part), GA 23,505 23,947 442 1.85

Columbus, GA 179,949 184,093 4,144 2.25

Augusta-Richmond, GA 188,290 193,734 5,444 2.81

1,257,404 1,281,917 24,513 1.91

Honolulu, HI 910,501 928,185 17,685 1.91

1,346,506 1,377,221 30,715 2.23

Boise City, ID 308,867 314,524 5,657 1.80

Pocatello (part), ID 80,775 82,531 1,756 2.13

Nampa, ID 133,524 137,245 3,721 2.71

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

 Boulder County

 Denver County

 El Paso County

Colorado

 Middlesex County

 New Haven County

 Larimer County

 Mesa County

 Pueblo County

 Weld County

 Alachua County

 Bay County

 Brevard County

 Broward County

 Charlotte County

 Collier County3

 Duval County

 Escambia County

 Hillsborough County

 Lee County

 Leon County

 Manatee County

 Marion County

 Miami-Dade County

 Okaloosa County

 Orange County

 Palm Beach County

 Pinellas County

 Polk County

 Sarasota County

 St. Lucie County

 Volusia County

 Bibb County

 Chatham County

Georgia

 Clarke County

 DeKalb County

 Dougherty County

 Fulton County

 Jones County

 Muscogee County

 Richmond County

 Honolulu County

 Ada County

 Bannock County

 Canyon County

Idaho

Hawaii

Florida

District of Columbia

Delaware

Connecticut

 New London County

 Kent County

 New Castle County

 District of Columbia

 Fairfield County

 Hartford County

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

Appendix C-2
12,050,818 12,182,404 131,586 1.08

Champaign, IL; Urbana, IL 164,426 166,971 2,545 1.52

Chicago (part), IL; Elgin, IL; Evanston, IL 5,139,356 5,230,008 90,651 1.73

DeKalb, IL 84,585 85,667 1,082 1.26

Chicago (part), IL; Aurora, IL 893,723 897,754 4,031 0.45

Elgin, IL; Aurora, IL 405,421 409,876 4,455 1.09

Kankakee, IL 102,376 103,339 963 0.93

North Chicago, IL 619,997 624,315 4,318 0.69

Decatur, IL 111,646 112,327 682 0.61

Alton, IL; Granite City, IL 258,693 260,081 1,387 0.53

Bloomington, IL; Normal, IL 144,322 145,456 1,135 0.78

Pekin (part), IL; Peoria, IL 179,159 180,674 1,515 0.84

Moline, IL; Rock Island, IL 145,524 146,636 1,113 0.76

Springfield, IL 192,400 193,337 937 0.48

Belleville, IL; East St Louis, IL 259,040 262,857 3,817 1.45

Pekin (part), IL 127,642 127,972 331 0.26

Joliet, IL 482,058 485,002 2,944 0.61

Rockford, IL 267,994 269,705 1,711 0.63

6,044,528 6,075,839 31,311 0.52

Fort Wayne, IN 319,963 321,671 1,708 0.53

Muncie, IN 117,336 118,040 704 0.60

Elkhart, IN; Goshen, IN 178,048 178,827 779 0.44

New Albany, IN 74,733 75,064 331 0.44

Kokomo, IN 84,882 85,204 322 0.38

East Chicago, IN; Gary, IN 475,625 480,468 4,843 1.01

Anderson, IN 132,820 133,274 453 0.34

Indianapolis, IN 822,941 834,888 11,947 1.43

Bloomington, IN 117,756 119,032 1,277 1.07

South Bend, IN 262,715 264,319 1,604 0.61

Lafayette, IN 142,439 144,239 1,800 1.25

Evansville, IN 170,689 171,429 741 0.43

Terre Haute, IN 105,890 106,420 531 0.50

2,899,829 2,913,111 13,282 0.46

Cedar Falls, IA; Waterloo, IA 121,584 122,330 746 0.61

Dubuque, IA 88,645 88,857 212 0.24

Iowa City, IA 105,279 106,653 1,374 1.29

Cedar Rapids, IA 187,310 187,956 646 0.34

Des Moines, IA 370,711 373,583 2,872 0.77

Council Bluffs, IA 87,241 87,623 382 0.44

Davenport, IA 161,050 162,507 1,457 0.90

Sioux City, IA 102,908 103,497 589 0.57

2,668,263 2,689,010 20,747 0.77

Lawrence, KS 96,164 97,478 1,314 1.35

Olathe, KS 448,228 450,830 2,602 0.58

Leavenworth, KS 73,452 73,959 507 0.69

Wichita, KS 460,949 466,127 5,178 1.11

Topeka, KS 166,662 167,759 1,098 0.65

Kansas City, KS 153,049 155,275 2,226 1.43

3,994,566 4,058,881 64,315 1.58

Ashland, KY 49,076 49,616 540 1.09

Hopkinsville, KY 73,041 74,660 1,619 2.17

Owensboro, KY 91,983 93,219 1,236 1.33

Lexington-Fayette, KY 244,882 249,831 4,949 1.98

Henderson, KY 44,719 45,386 668 1.47

Louisville, KY 671,661 683,521 11,860 1.74

4,424,618 4,523,993 99,375 2.20

Shreveport (part), LA; Bossier City, LA 95,673 97,879 2,206 2.25

Shreveport (part), LA 242,164 248,324 6,160 2.48

Lake Charles, LA 183,883 187,016 3,133 1.68

Baton Rouge, LA 399,890 410,856 10,966 2.67

Lafayette, LA 192,868 196,868 4,000 2.03

New Orleans, LA 461,364 477,626 16,262 3.40

Monroe, LA 148,651 151,600 2,949 1.95

Alexandria, LA 125,957 128,339 2,383 1.86

Slidell, LA 201,943 205,282 3,339 1.63

Houma, LA 106,610 108,444 1,834 1.69

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

 Champaign County

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

 Cook County

 DeKalb County

 DuPage County

 Kane County

 Kankakee County

 Lake County

 Macon County

 Madison County

 Winnebago County

 McLean County

 Peoria County

 Rock Island County

 Sangamon County

 Allen County

 Delaware County

 Elkhart County

 Floyd County

 Howard County

 Lake County

 Madison County

 Marion County

 Monroe County

 St. Joseph County

 Tippecanoe County

 Vanderburgh County

 Vigo County

 Black Hawk County

 Dubuque County

 Johnson County

Iowa

 Linn County

 Polk County

 Pottawattamie County

 Scott County

 Woodbury County

 Douglas County

 Johnson County

 Leavenworth County

Kansas

 Sedgwick County

 Shawnee County

 Wyandotte County

 Boyd County

Kentucky

 Christian County

 Daviess County

 Fayette County

 Henderson County

 Jefferson County

 Bossier Parish

 Caddo Parish

 Calcasieu Parish

Louisiana

 East Baton Rouge Parish

 Lafayette Parish

 Orleans Parish

 Ouachita Parish

 Rapides Parish

 St. Tammany Parish

 Terrebonne Parish

Indiana

Illinois

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

 St. Clair County

 Tazewell County

 Will County

Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Appendix C-3
1,259,170 1,268,481 9,311 0.73

Auburn city, ME; Lewiston city, ME 101,140 101,989 848 0.83

Portland city, ME 258,218 260,458 2,240 0.86

Bangor city, ME 142,487 143,591 1,103 0.77

5,274,608 5,395,635 121,027 2.24

Cumberland, MD 71,207 72,123 916 1.27

Annapolis, MD 493,545 502,659 9,114 1.81

Baltimore, MD 627,252 649,222 21,970 3.38

Frederick, MD 198,944 202,378 3,434 1.70

Hagerstown, MD 130,017 132,058 2,041 1.55

6,198,746 6,244,609 45,863 0.73

Barnstable city, MA; Yarmouth town, MA 213,660 215,304 1,644 0.76

Pittsfield city, MA 131,287 132,474 1,187 0.90

Attleboro city, MA; Fall River city, MA; New Bedford city, MA 520,487 524,537 4,049 0.77

Gloucester city, MA; Lawrence city, MA; Lynn city, MA 709,064 712,670 3,607 0.51

Holyoke city, MA; Springfield city, MA; Westfield city, MA 439,338 443,020 3,681 0.83

Northampton city, MA 150,110 151,753 1,643 1.08

Cambridge city, MA; Lowell city, MA; Waltham city, MA 1,433,576 1,438,406 4,831 0.34

Brockton city, MA 475,716 477,470 1,754 0.37

Boston city, MA 643,674 664,717 21,043 3.17

Fitchburg city, MA; Leominster city, MA; Worcester city, MA 739,344 744,826 5,482 0.74

9,678,943 9,751,789 72,846 0.75

Holland (part), MI 101,141 101,390 249 0.25

Midland (part), MI; Bay City, MI 106,070 106,257 187 0.18

Battle Creek, MI 138,193 138,985 792 0.57

Lansing (part), MI 99,959 100,429 471 0.47

Flint, MI 426,501 430,940 4,439 1.03

Lansing (part), MI; East Lansing, MI 277,277 281,696 4,419 1.57

Jackson, MI 153,099 153,549 450 0.29

Kalamazoo, MI 224,448 226,186 1,738 0.77

Grand Rapids, MI 539,990 544,377 4,387 0.81

Midland (part), MI 80,719 80,851 132 0.16

Muskegon, MI 164,123 165,038 915 0.55

Pontiac, MI 1,164,108 1,169,759 5,651 0.48

Holland (part), MI 226,285 227,229 944 0.42

Saginaw, MI 203,846 205,623 1,777 0.86

Port Huron, MI 158,210 158,517 307 0.19

Ann Arbor, MI 299,098 302,795 3,698 1.22

Detroit, MI; Dearborn, MI 2,082,922 2,117,608 34,686 1.64

4,829,798 4,855,828 26,030 0.54

St Cloud (part), MN 35,129 35,186 57 0.16

Moorhead, MN 51,893 52,223 330 0.63

Minneapolis, MN 1,071,290 1,082,881 11,591 1.07

Rochester, MN 119,379 119,805 426 0.36

St Paul, MN 487,415 493,405 5,990 1.21

Duluth, MN 192,425 192,729 304 0.16

St Cloud (part), MN 130,272 130,841 569 0.43

2,815,743 2,876,098 60,355 2.10

Hattiesburg (part), MS 76,443 78,074 1,631 2.09

Biloxi, MS; Gulfport, MS 182,758 186,197 3,440 1.85

Jackson (part), MS 245,444 252,471 7,027 2.78

Pascagoula, MS 136,438 138,618 2,180 1.57

Hattiesburg (part), MS 39,194 39,844 650 1.63

Jackson (part), MS 78,622 80,544 1,922 2.39

Jackson (part), MS 117,241 119,181 1,940 1.63

Estimated 2000 Undercount

Unadjusted for 

undercount

 Androscoggin County

Maine

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

2000 Population Projections

 Cumberland County

 Penobscot County

 Allegany County

 Anne Arundel County

Maryland

 Baltimore city

 Frederick County

 Washington County

 Barnstable County

Massachusetts

 Berkshire County

 Bristol County

 Essex County

 Hampden County

 Hampshire County

 Middlesex County

 Plymouth County

 Suffolk County

 Worcester County

 Allegan County

 Bay County

 Calhoun County

Michigan

 Eaton County

 Genesee County

 Ingham County

 Jackson County

 Kalamazoo County

 Kent County

 Midland County

 Muskegon County

 Oakland County

 Ottawa County

 Saginaw County

 St. Clair County

 Washtenaw County

 Wayne County

 Benton County

 Clay County

 Hennepin County

 Olmsted County

 Ramsey County

 St. Louis County

 Stearns County

 Forrest County

 Harrison County

 Hinds County

 Jackson County

 Lamar County

 Madison County

 Rankin County

Mississippi

Minnesota

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

Appendix C-4
5,540,378 5,576,552 36,174 0.65

Columbia, MO 133,781 135,481 1,700 1.25

St Joseph, MO 81,643 81,970 327 0.40

Kansas City (part), MO 85,474 85,767 293 0.34

Springfield (part), MO 54,263 54,321 58 0.11

Kansas City (part), MO 182,630 183,743 1,113 0.61

Springfield (part), MO 232,261 233,442 1,182 0.51

Kansas City (part), MO 661,197 669,850 8,653 1.29

Joplin (part), MO 102,382 102,716 333 0.32

Joplin (part), MO 50,641 50,734 93 0.18

Kansas City (part), MO 73,548 74,136 588 0.79

St Charles, MO 289,842 291,148 1,305 0.45

St Louis, MO 326,551 334,299 7,748 2.32

949,657 972,459 22,802 2.34

Great Falls, MT 83,811 85,460 1,650 1.93

Missoula, MT 96,593 98,805 2,212 2.24

Billings, MT 136,789 139,359 2,570 1.84

1,705,467 1,717,719 12,252 0.71

Omaha, NE 456,053 460,536 4,483 0.97

Lincoln, NE 244,604 246,364 1,761 0.71

1,871,299 1,919,561 48,262 2.51

Las Vegas, NV 1,259,642 1,291,332 31,690 2.45

Reno, NV 324,768 333,380 8,611 2.58

1,224,230 1,234,846 10,616 0.86

Manchester city, NH; Nashua city, NH 375,368 378,704 3,336 0.88

Portsmouth city, NH 282,229 284,262 2,033 0.72

Rochester city, NH 111,626 112,551 925 0.82

8,177,791 8,250,120 72,329 0.88

Atlantic City, NJ 241,261 244,720 3,459 1.41

Camden, NJ 505,358 507,832 2,474 0.49

Bridgeton, NJ; Millville, NJ; Vineland, NJ 140,352 142,412 2,060 1.45

Newark, NJ 744,355 768,801 24,446 3.18

Bayonne, NJ; Jersey City, NJ 548,813 568,647 19,833 3.49

Trenton, NJ 332,810 336,874 4,063 1.21

Dover, NJ 467,833 466,302 -1,532 -0.33

1,860,397 1,920,618 60,221 3.14

Albuquerque, NM 558,254 571,893 13,638 2.38

Las Cruces, NM 183,866 190,039 6,173 3.25

Santa Fe, NM 134,671 138,142 3,471 2.51

18,146,185 18,474,607 328,422 1.78

Albany, NY 290,170 292,003 1,833 0.63

Borough of the Bronx, NY 1,203,154 1,269,772 66,618 5.25

Binghamton, NY 190,900 192,438 1,537 0.80

Auburn, NY 80,208 80,823 615 0.76

Jamestown, NY 135,947 137,195 1,247 0.91

Elmira, NY 90,413 90,981 568 0.62

Poughkeepsie, NY 264,629 267,248 2,618 0.98

Buffalo, NY 919,572 922,426 2,854 0.31

Borough of Brooklyn, NY 2,266,301 2,364,112 97,812 4.14

Rochester, NY 711,696 715,666 3,970 0.55

Borough of Manhattan, NY 1,567,069 1,633,366 66,297 4.06

Niagara Falls, NY 215,344 215,538 194 0.09

Rome, NY; Utica, NY 223,943 225,990 2,046 0.91

Syracuse, NY 451,565 453,174 1,609 0.36

Newburgh, NY 332,467 336,477 4,010 1.19

Borough of Queens, NY 2,003,457 2,054,536 51,079 2.49

Troy, NY 150,739 151,593 854 0.56

Borough of Staten Island, NY 411,503 412,459 956 0.23

Saratoga Springs, NY 199,629 200,348 719 0.36

Schenectady, NY 143,275 142,783 -492 -0.34

Glens Falls, NY 61,091 61,510 419 0.68

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

 Boone County

 Buchanan County

 Cass County

 Christian County

 Platte County

 St. Charles County

 St. Louis city

 Clay County

 Greene County

 Jackson County

 Jasper County

 Cascade County

 Missoula County

 Yellowstone County

 Douglas County

Nebraska

 Lancaster County

 Clark County

 Washoe County

 Hillsborough County

New Hampshire

Nevada

 Rockingham County

 Strafford County

 Atlantic County

 Camden County

New Jersey

 Cumberland County

 Essex County

 Hudson County

 Mercer County

 Morris County

 Bernalillo County

 Dona Ana County

 Santa Fe County

 Albany County

 Bronx County

 Broome County

 Cayuga County

 Chautauqua County

 Chemung County

 Dutchess County

 Erie County

 Kings County

 Monroe County

 New York County

 Niagara County

 Oneida County

 Onondaga County

 Orange County

 Queens County

 Rensselaer County

 Richmond County

 Saratoga County

 Schenectady County

 Warren County

New York

New Mexico

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Montana

Missouri

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

 Newton County

Appendix C-5
7,777,253 7,928,110 150,857 1.90

Burlington, NC 122,536 124,388 1,851 1.49

Asheville, NC 200,430 203,188 2,758 1.36

Hickory (part), NC; Morganton, NC 84,653 85,908 1,255 1.46

Concord, NC; Kannapolis, NC 126,285 127,983 1,699 1.33

Lenoir, NC 77,829 78,980 1,152 1.46

Hickory (part), NC 136,284 138,306 2,022 1.46

Fayetteville, NC 278,834 285,083 6,249 2.19

High Point (part), NC 145,501 147,710 2,210 1.50

Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC 206,954 211,538 4,584 2.17

Rocky Mount (part), NC 55,253 56,643 1,391 2.46

Winston-Salem, NC; High Point, NC 293,663 298,710 5,047 1.69

Gastonia, NC 187,181 190,219 3,037 1.60

Greensboro, NC; High Point, NC 398,147 405,417 7,269 1.79

Charlotte, NC 660,076 675,797 15,722 2.33

Rocky Mount (part), NC 95,082 97,071 1,989 2.05

Wilmington, NC 158,323 161,103 2,780 1.73

Jacksonville, NC 136,403 139,493 3,090 2.22

Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC 113,442 116,410 2,968 2.55

Greenville, NC 131,641 134,888 3,247 2.41

High Point (part), NC 125,385 127,178 1,793 1.41

Kannapolis, NC 129,834 131,898 2,064 1.56

Raleigh, NC 608,753 622,566 13,814 2.22

Goldsboro, NC 113,890 116,250 2,359 2.03

661,689 666,663 4,974 0.75

Bismarck, ND 70,983 71,202 219 0.31

Fargo, ND 124,700 125,447 747 0.60

Grand Forks, ND 68,541 69,235 694 1.00

11,318,718 11,400,840 82,122 0.72

Lima, OH 106,618 107,159 541 0.51

Hamilton, OH; Middletown, OH 341,067 342,864 1,797 0.52

Springfield, OH 144,978 145,673 695 0.48

Cleveland, OH 1,373,914 1,390,675 16,762 1.21

Columbus (part), OH; Lancaster, OH 129,790 129,946 156 0.12

Columbus (part), OH; Springfield, OR 1,037,326 1,053,533 16,207 1.54

Fairborn, OH 149,285 150,403 1,117 0.74

Cincinnati, OH 843,685 854,843 11,157 1.31

Steubenville, OH 73,338 73,463 125 0.17

Newark, OH 139,203 139,484 281 0.20

Elyria, OH; Lorain, OH 284,820 286,677 1,857 0.65

Toledo, OH 445,364 450,318 4,954 1.10

Youngstown (part), OH 252,959 254,709 1,749 0.69

Dayton, OH 555,232 561,878 6,647 1.18

Kent, OH 153,649 154,795 1,146 0.74

Mansfield, OH 127,825 128,269 444 0.35

Canton, OH; Massillon, OH 374,922 376,301 1,380 0.37

Akron, OH 544,119 548,680 4,561 0.83

Youngstown (part), OH; Warren, OH 224,689 225,627 939 0.42

Marietta, OH 63,810 63,872 62 0.10

Bowling Green, OH 121,202 121,925 723 0.59

3,372,514 3,435,350 62,836 1.83

Oklahoma City (part), OK 87,171 88,476 1,306 1.48

Oklahoma City (part), OK; Norman, OK 205,646 209,981 4,335 2.06

Lawton, OK 113,469 115,853 2,384 2.06

Enid, OK 56,095 56,988 892 1.57

Oklahoma City (part), OK 26,730 27,148 418 1.54

Oklahoma City (part), OK 637,385 652,161 14,776 2.27

Tulsa (part), OK 43,168 44,555 1,387 3.11

Oklahoma City (part), OK; Shawnee, OK 62,627 63,568 941 1.48

Tulsa (part), OK 71,138 72,075 937 1.30

Tulsa (part), OK 549,176 560,063 10,887 1.94

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

 Alamance County

 Buncombe County

 Burke County

 Cabarrus County

 Caldwell County

 Catawba County

 Cumberland County

 Davidson County

 Durham County

 Edgecombe County

 Forsyth County

 Gaston County

 Guilford County

 Mecklenburg County

 Nash County

 Rowan County

 Wake County

 Wayne County

 New Hanover County

 Onslow County

 Orange County

 Pitt County

 Burleigh County

 Cass County

 Grand Forks County

 Allen County

Ohio

 Butler County

 Clark County

 Cuyahoga County

 Fairfield County

 Franklin County

 Greene County

 Hamilton County

 Jefferson County

 Licking County

 Lorain County

 Lucas County

 Mahoning County

 Montgomery County

 Portage County

 Richland County

 Stark County

 Summit County

 Trumbull County

 Washington County

 Wood County

 Canadian County

 Cleveland County

 Comanche County

 Garfield County

 McClain County

 Oklahoma County

 Osage County

 Pottawatomie County

 Rogers County

 Tulsa County

Oklahoma

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

North Dakota

North Carolina

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

 Randolph County

Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

Appendix C-6
3,397,161 3,464,440 67,279 1.94

Corvallis, OR 79,643 82,244 2,600 3.16

Portland (part), OR 350,296 354,295 3,998 1.13

Ashland, OR; Medford, OR 180,047 183,771 3,724 2.03

Eugene, OR; Springfield, OR 322,771 330,093 7,322 2.22

Salem (part), OR 276,673 283,318 6,645 2.35

Portland (part), OR 643,736 655,661 11,925 1.82

Salem (part), OR 64,590 66,024 1,434 2.17

Portland (part), OR 422,878 429,229 6,351 1.48

12,202,050 12,250,280 48,230 0.39

Pittsburgh, PA 1,270,697 1,268,552 -2,144 -0.17

Reading, PA 364,836 367,401 2,565 0.70

Altoona,PA 132,139 132,665 526 0.40

Johnstown, PA 156,304 157,118 814 0.52

State College, PA 136,329 138,516 2,187 1.58

Carlisle, PA 214,548 214,602 55 0.03

Harrisburg, PA 251,275 253,319 2,044 0.81

Erie, PA 280,149 281,988 1,840 0.65

Scranton, PA 208,280 206,627 -1,653 -0.80

Lancaster, PA 470,100 474,514 4,414 0.93

Lebanon, PA 119,620 120,483 862 0.72

Allentown, PA; Bethlehem, PA 304,666 303,906 -760 -0.25

Wilkes-Barre, PA 313,789 312,136 -1,653 -0.53

Williamsport, PA 118,350 119,133 783 0.66

Sharon, PA 123,745 124,404 659 0.53

Bethlehem, PA 264,395 264,550 155 0.06

Philadelphia, PA 1,432,266 1,459,337 27,070 1.85

York, PA 386,535 388,635 2,100 0.54

997,607 1,001,737 4,130 0.41

Warwick city, RI 162,869 161,156 -1,713 -1.06

Pawtucket city, RI; Providence city, RI; Woonsocket city, RI 578,675 582,840 4,165 0.71

3,858,023 3,937,527 79,504 2.02

Aiken, SC 134,974 137,608 2,633 1.91

Anderson, SC 162,361 164,663 2,303 1.40

North Charleston (part), SC 135,175 138,686 3,510 2.53

Charleston, SC; North Charleston, SC 315,760 324,059 8,299 2.56

North Charleston (part), SC 87,550 89,503 1,952 2.18

Florence, SC 125,616 128,234 2,618 2.04

Greenville, SC 355,953 361,919 5,965 1.65

Myrtle Beach, SC 179,932 183,149 3,217 1.76

Columbia, SC 305,697 313,827 8,130 2.59

Spartanburg, SC 248,434 252,601 4,167 1.65

Sumter, SC 106,562 109,026 2,463 2.26

Rock Hill, SC 157,724 160,417 2,694 1.68

777,073 785,318 8,245 1.05

Sioux Falls (part), SD 22,784 22,793 9 0.04

Sioux Falls (part), SD 154,142 154,712 570 0.37

Rapid City, SD 92,376 93,037 661 0.71

5,657,161 5,758,958 101,797 1.77

Oak Ridge (part), TN 73,001 74,026 1,025 1.38

Johnson City (part), TN 54,748 55,375 627 1.13

Nashville-Davidson, TN 545,452 557,984 12,532 2.25

Chattanooga, TN 300,813 306,379 5,565 1.82

Kingsport, TN 52,021 52,656 635 1.21

Knoxville, TN 380,457 387,114 6,657 1.72

Jackson, TN 88,968 90,612 1,644 1.81

Clarksville, TN 135,290 138,051 2,761 2.00

Murfreesboro, TN 182,756 186,182 3,426 1.84

Memphis, TN 885,067 908,997 23,930 2.63

Johnson City (part), TN; Kingsport, TN; Bristol, TN 155,119 156,920 1,801 1.15

Johnson City (part), TN 106,540 108,115 1,574 1.46

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

 Benton County

 Clackamas County

 Jackson County

 Lane County

 Marion County

 Multnomah County

 Polk County

 Washington County

 Allegheny County

 Berks County

 Blair County

 Cambria County

 Centre County

 Cumberland County

 Dauphin County

 Erie County

 Lackawanna County

 Lancaster County

 Northampton County

 Philadelphia County

 York County

 Lebanon County

 Lehigh County

 Luzerne County

 Lycoming County

 Kent County

 Providence County

 Aiken County

 Anderson County

South Carolina

 Berkeley County

 Charleston County

 Dorchester County

 Florence County

 Greenville County

 Horry County

 Richland County

 Spartanburg County

 Sumter County

 York County

 Lincoln County

 Minnehaha County

South Dakota

 Pennington County

 Anderson County

 Carter County

 Davidson County

 Hamilton County

 Hawkins County

 Knox County

 Madison County

 Montgomery County

 Rutherford County

 Shelby County

 Sullivan County

 Washington County

Tennessee

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Rhode Island

Pennsylvania

Oregon

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

 Mercer County

Appendix C-7
20,119,335 20,727,421 608,086 2.93

Wichita Falls (part), TX 8,416 8,570 154 1.80

Killeen, TX; Temple, TX 229,366 235,303 5,937 2.52

San Antonio, TX 1,345,373 1,399,723 54,350 3.88

Texarkana, TX 83,925 85,387 1,462 1.71

Bryan, TX; College Station, TX 134,511 139,182 4,671 3.36

San Marcos (part), TX 33,252 34,379 1,127 3.28

Brownsville, TX; Harlingen, TX; San Benito, TX 325,178 336,155 10,978 3.27

Baytown, TX 24,652 25,215 564 2.24

Dallas (part), TX 478,882 488,700 9,818 2.01

New Braunfels (part), TX 78,643 80,043 1,400 1.75

Dallas (part), TX; Irving, TX 2,068,687 2,140,363 71,675 3.35

Dallas (part), TX; Denton, TX 413,742 423,185 9,443 2.23

Odessa (part), TX 124,529 127,087 2,558 2.01

El Paso, TX 695,704 727,138 31,434 4.32

Houston (part), TX 364,286 373,326 9,041 2.42

Galveston, TX; Texas City, TX 249,892 255,203 5,311 2.08

Denison, TX; Sherman, TX 104,662 106,429 1,768 1.66

Longview (part), TX 115,271 117,543 2,272 1.93

New Braunfels (part), TX 82,975 85,194 2,218 2.60

Houston (part), TX; Baytown, TX 3,236,068 3,356,335 120,267 3.58

Longview (part), TX; Marshall, TX 60,373 61,582 1,208 1.96

San Marcos (part), TX 93,365 96,402 3,037 3.15

Edinburg, TX; McAllen, TX; Mission, TX 529,394 552,940 23,546 4.26

Beaumont, TX; Port Arthur, TX 241,353 245,929 4,576 1.86

Dallas (part), TX 69,269 70,513 1,245 1.77

Lubbock, TX 227,003 232,994 5,991 2.57

Waco, TX 205,175 209,992 4,817 2.29

Odessa (part), TX; Midland (part), TX 121,105 123,516 2,412 1.95

Houston (part), TX; Conroe, TX 297,987 303,992 6,005 1.98

Corpus Christi (part), TX 310,288 322,595 12,307 3.81

Amarillo (part), TX 109,932 112,331 2,400 2.14

Amarillo (part), TX 101,793 103,484 1,691 1.63

Dallas (part), TX 40,522 41,247 725 1.76

Corpus Christi (part), TX 72,248 74,798 2,551 3.41

Tyler, TX 172,817 176,455 3,638 2.06

Fort Worth, TX; Arlington, TX 1,387,813 1,426,866 39,053 2.74

Abilene (part), TX 121,201 123,776 2,576 2.08

San Angelo, TX 101,835 104,078 2,243 2.16

Austin (part), TX 733,808 761,968 28,160 3.70

Victoria, TX 82,686 84,838 2,152 2.54

Laredo, TX 191,377 197,312 5,936 3.01

Wichita Falls (part), TX 129,686 132,041 2,355 1.78

Austin (part), TX 248,587 254,531 5,944 2.34

2,207,013 2,246,639 39,626 1.76

Clearfield, UT 245,819 248,593 2,774 1.12

Salt Lake City, UT 881,941 893,379 11,437 1.28

Orem, UT; Provo, UT 356,712 366,722 10,010 2.73

Ogden, UT 190,090 192,560 2,470 1.28

616,803 623,862 7,059 1.13

Burlington city, VT 150,057 151,549 1,492 0.98

6,997,006 7,147,001 149,995 2.10

Arlington, VA 178,616 184,546 5,930 3.21

Bristol, VA 17,408 17,641 233 1.32

Charlottesville, VA 37,872 38,934 1,062 2.73

Danville, VA 50,559 51,472 914 1.78

Fredericksburg, VA 22,458 23,069 611 2.65

Hampton, VA 138,239 142,213 3,973 2.79

Lynchburg, VA 65,696 66,978 1,282 1.91

Newport News, VA 180,936 186,708 5,772 3.09

Norfolk, VA 205,790 212,375 6,585 3.10

Petersburg, VA 34,172 34,907 735 2.11

Portsmouth, VA 98,107 101,043 2,936 2.91

Richmond, VA 192,342 198,279 5,937 2.99

Roanoke, VA 93,631 95,278 1,647 1.73

Suffolk, VA 65,906 67,619 1,713 2.53

Virginia Beach, VA 444,305 454,953 10,648 2.34

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

 Archer County

 Bell County

 Bexar County

 Bowie County

 Brazos County

 Caldwell County

 Cameron County

 Chambers County

 Collin County

 Comal County

 Dallas County

 Denton County

 Ector County

 El Paso County

 Fort Bend County

 Galveston County

 Grayson County

 Gregg County

 Guadalupe County

 Harris County

 Harrison County

 Hays County

 Hidalgo County

 Jefferson County

 Kaufman County

 Lubbock County

 McLennan County

 Midland County

 Montgomery County

 Nueces County

 Potter County

 Randall County

 Rockwall County

 San Patricio County

 Smith County

 Tarrant County

 Taylor County

 Tom Green County

 Travis County

 Salt Lake County

 Utah County

 Weber County

 Victoria County

 Webb County

 Wichita County

 Williamson County

 Chittenden County

 Arlington County

 Bristol city

 Charlottesville city

Virginia

 Danville city

 Fredericksburg city

 Hampton city

 Lynchburg city

 Newport News city

 Norfolk city

 Petersburg city

 Portsmouth city

 Richmond city

 Roanoke city

 Suffolk city

 Virginia Beach city

Vermont

Utah

Texas

St County Center City in County (in whole or part)

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

 Davis County

Unadjusted for 

undercount

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.

Appendix C-8
5,858,392 5,973,573 115,181 1.93

Kennewick, WA; Richland, WA 140,977 144,302 3,325 2.30

Vancouver, WA 351,365 356,173 4,808 1.35

Pasco, WA 46,862 48,644 1,782 3.66

Bellevue, WA; Seattle, WA 1,676,120 1,704,694 28,575 1.68

Bremerton, WA 242,520 247,610 5,090 2.06

Tacoma, WA 691,982 705,630 13,648 1.93

Everett, WA 618,763 627,133 8,370 1.33

Spokane, WA 419,421 424,960 5,539 1.30

Olympia, WA 212,267 216,582 4,315 1.99

Bellingham, WA 163,995 168,156 4,161 2.47

Yakima, WA 219,116 227,350 8,234 3.62

1,840,983 1,866,397 25,414 1.36

Weirton (part), WV 26,101 26,397 296 1.12

Huntington (part), WV 94,939 96,294 1,355 1.41

Weirton (part), WV 34,114 34,474 360 1.04

Charleston, WV 203,307 206,006 2,699 1.31

Wheeling, WV 35,466 35,833 367 1.02

Huntington (part), WV 42,568 43,092 525 1.22

Parkersburg, WV 87,881 88,880 999 1.12

5,326,324 5,363,914 37,590 0.70

Green Bay, WI 220,773 221,866 1,093 0.49

Appleton (part), WI 39,379 39,410 31 0.08

Eau Claire (part), WI 55,022 55,091 69 0.13

Madison, WI 441,748 446,064 4,316 0.97

Superior, WI 43,285 43,366 81 0.19

Eau Claire (part), WI 90,576 91,226 650 0.71

Kenosha, WI 148,413 149,393 980 0.66

La Crosse, WI 104,093 104,828 734 0.70

Wausau, WI 125,429 125,824 395 0.31

Milwaukee (part), WI 917,187 935,582 18,395 1.97

Appleton (part), WI 160,378 161,178 800 0.50

Racine, WI 189,953 191,608 1,655 0.86

Beloit, WI; Janesville, WI 154,092 154,898 806 0.52

Sheboygan, WI 111,898 112,420 522 0.46

Milwaukee (part), WI 118,610 118,776 166 0.14

Milwaukee (part), WI; Waukesha, WI 365,172 366,012 840 0.23

Appleton (part), WI; Neenah, WI; Oshkosh, WI 152,201 152,866 665 0.44

524,700 536,215 11,515 2.15

Cheyenne, WY 87,144 88,947 1,804 2.03

Casper, WY 68,405 69,624 1,220 1.75

 Benton County

 Clark County

 Franklin County

 King County

 Kitsap County

 Pierce County

 Snohomish County

 Spokane County

 Thurston County

 Whatcom County

 Yakima County

 Brooke County

 Cabell County

 Hancock County

 Kanawha County

 Marshall County

 Wayne County

 Wood County

 Brown County

 Calumet County

 Milwaukee County

 Chippewa County

 Dane County

 Douglas County

 Eau Claire County

Washington

West Virginia

 Washington County

 Waukesha County

 Outagamie County

 Racine County

 Rock County

 Sheboygan County

 Kenosha County

 La Crosse County

2

 Undercount as a percent of unadjusted population projection.

3

 Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original figures.

Wyoming

Wisconsin

 Natrona County

Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

1

 Adjusted minus unadjusted 2000 population projections.

 Winnebago County

 Laramie County

 Marathon County

St County Center City in County (in whole or part) Unadjusted for 

undercount

Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued

Adjusted for 

undercount Number1 Rate2

2000 Population Projections Estimated 2000 Undercount

Appendix C-9
Appendix D: Estimated Census 2000 Undercount and Undercount Rate by 

Center County by Demographic Group 
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

38,159 1,768 38,012 247 1,152 79,339 1.17 5.35 3.24 1.38 3.31 1.75

1,150 65 609 2 42 1,868 1.24 4.07 2.61 0.74 3.15 1.56

656 66 307 2 24 1,055 1.74 4.65 3.29 0.98 2.15 2.12

876 16 393 5 39 1,328 0.97 3.61 2.47 1.70 6.94 1.24

774 26 674 6 28 1,508 1.19 4.34 3.04 1.78 3.64 1.70

4,279 209 9,345 12 177 14,022 1.03 6.26 3.71 1.09 3.77 2.08

866 26 257 1 8 1,158 1.12 5.48 2.80 0.33 2.60 1.33

1,475 41 752 1 160 2,429 1.95 5.04 2.73 0.52 6.09 2.27

675 24 234 2 -1 934 1.22 5.63 2.45 1.08 -0.49 1.42

2,853 161 1,696 22 177 4,908 1.31 3.78 2.69 1.21 2.45 1.66

3,263 233 5,398 27 219 9,141 1.23 5.76 3.92 1.31 4.18 2.21

1,463 82 2,608 1 55 4,208 1.21 4.37 2.67 0.22 2.41 1.88

1,166 39 332 -2 14 1,548 1.17 4.13 2.67 -0.58 2.24 1.36

1,934 61 426 6 13 2,441 1.37 5.07 3.19 1.58 0.97 1.55

1,757 59 1,269 5 130 3,220 1.50 4.96 2.71 1.70 6.87 1.93

9,357 1,160 1,006 1,048 1,074 13,644 1.99 4.35 3.40 1.13 2.29 2.05

4,610 614 704 509 734 7,172 2.23 4.24 3.48 2.98 2.67 2.51

33,250 45,764 13,783 26,982 2,938 122,717 1.01 4.38 7.23 9.34 2.67 2.49

1,869 587 64 3,840 79 6,438 2.82 4.33 2.86 9.98 5.22 5.28

17,342 25,629 10,557 2,779 1,867 58,175 0.82 4.54 7.90 4.68 2.46 1.98

4,854 9,048 2,641 2,213 734 19,490 0.96 4.02 7.72 7.50 3.50 2.39

1,145 2,512 139 134 78 4,008 1.71 4.13 2.84 5.83 2.84 2.91

28,813 2,182 14,217 353 519 46,084 1.32 6.48 3.35 2.17 2.60 1.72

1,925 209 9 70 15 2,228 1.35 6.09 3.10 3.24 1.43 1.49

1,197 55 135 5 46 1,436 1.57 7.38 2.58 1.76 7.34 1.73

402 20 959 3 7 1,391 1.51 4.68 3.99 3.13 2.71 2.70

1,224 37 225 6 20 1,512 1.58 4.69 2.89 1.48 4.66 1.74

499 16 997 1 4 1,517 1.15 3.99 2.60 0.35 0.90 1.84

366 29 309 3 5 712 1.22 6.33 2.95 1.97 2.24 1.72

3,092 291 4,586 18 102 8,088 1.27 6.24 4.25 1.41 2.57 2.24

1,208 101 210 26 89 1,634 1.27 4.59 2.86 1.72 1.75 1.47

2,460 203 72 53 135 2,923 1.75 6.21 2.72 2.69 6.90 1.94

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

 Calhoun County

 Dale County

 Etowah County

 Houston County

 Jefferson County

 Lauderdale County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount and Undercount Rate by Center County by Demographic Group

State, Center County

Black Total American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Total

 Lee County

 Limestone County

 Madison County

 Mobile County

 Montgomery County

 Morgan County

 Shelby County

 Tuscaloosa County

 Anchorage Borough

 Coconino County

 Maricopa County

 Pima County

 Yuma County

 Benton County

 Craighead County

 Crittenden County

 Faulkner County

 Jefferson County

 Miller County

 Pulaski County

 Sebastian County

 Washington County

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix D-1
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

188,921 513,013 195,255 11,094 100,398 1,008,681 1.20 4.90 7.45 3.66 2.29 3.01

5,532 10,455 22,797 302 6,404 45,489 0.93 4.31 7.96 2.75 2.12 3.17

3,394 1,180 85 124 519 5,301 2.15 5.56 2.89 3.28 5.76 2.73

3,405 20,572 3,514 407 4,534 32,432 1.11 6.02 8.14 4.34 4.92 4.09

4,422 12,080 3,174 361 859 20,897 1.33 5.20 6.96 3.29 2.61 3.19

27,730 196,639 83,994 1,856 31,444 341,662 0.96 4.81 7.68 3.45 2.34 3.62

948 3,760 158 93 60 5,019 1.60 6.85 3.41 3.98 2.38 4.06

1,858 5,279 346 82 1,277 8,842 2.13 6.33 3.53 3.89 5.32 4.28

3,105 8,523 765 155 1,127 13,675 2.05 5.59 3.31 4.24 2.70 3.67

1,380 1,469 46 28 116 3,039 1.58 6.02 3.46 2.91 1.98 2.54

12,452 40,948 4,851 422 8,145 66,818 0.84 4.91 8.86 2.77 2.00 2.39

9,020 25,607 6,126 735 1,475 42,963 1.09 4.79 6.39 4.20 1.83 2.76

6,961 7,474 10,238 349 4,102 29,123 1.01 4.38 8.32 2.39 2.52 2.51

9,609 25,000 11,046 564 1,894 48,113 1.15 4.30 7.50 3.09 1.85 2.85

17,302 35,131 15,811 997 8,531 77,772 1.12 4.72 8.22 4.08 2.53 2.73

4,795 5,229 6,257 113 6,381 22,775 1.82 4.43 7.46 3.11 2.15 2.98

3,859 8,720 2,526 175 3,820 19,100 1.43 5.33 7.29 2.95 3.83 3.33

3,700 2,072 152 102 486 6,513 2.12 5.07 2.18 3.66 4.70 2.76

4,785 6,691 402 212 919 13,009 2.18 5.02 3.26 4.52 3.55 3.29

7,574 19,947 5,806 309 7,980 41,617 0.98 4.65 8.62 2.83 2.00 2.47

3,184 3,441 112 94 347 7,178 2.01 5.10 3.25 4.07 2.50 2.93

2,637 477 53 158 275 3,600 1.83 5.15 3.79 3.46 5.65 2.19

3,012 2,371 3,201 106 632 9,321 1.54 4.07 5.73 2.80 0.87 2.42

6,158 4,258 248 189 432 11,285 1.81 6.35 3.48 3.47 2.25 2.58

5,179 6,243 283 145 1,273 13,123 1.97 4.82 3.39 2.85 3.77 2.99

926 1,113 73 43 204 2,360 1.88 6.58 4.56 3.06 1.84 2.94

2,925 10,909 227 354 910 15,326 1.85 6.15 3.65 5.82 3.81 4.12

4,218 12,011 1,371 208 562 18,371 1.04 4.69 7.18 3.34 1.02 2.47

2,120 2,283 152 108 1,180 5,844 2.32 5.51 3.87 4.35 6.33 3.70

43,444 25,976 16,646 1,583 2,780 90,429 1.31 4.47 7.79 3.69 2.52 2.12

5,186 981 108 70 445 6,790 2.09 4.47 3.33 3.54 4.51 2.38

2,731 5,508 6,912 272 680 16,103 0.97 4.31 7.66 3.45 3.75 3.06

4,635 2,114 4,116 132 452 11,449 1.14 4.26 8.53 2.58 2.32 2.16

4,790 768 57 62 217 5,894 2.16 4.07 2.97 3.39 4.09 2.36

1,906 438 27 41 49 2,461 1.79 3.90 3.89 4.04 3.93 2.04

1,087 1,810 94 49 35 3,076 1.39 3.31 2.61 3.60 2.82 2.21

2,656 2,434 33 60 66 5,250 2.13 5.84 3.10 4.43 3.09 3.07

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Total Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Black Total

 Alameda County

 Butte County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

California

State, Center County American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

 Fresno County

 Kern County

 Los Angeles County

 Madera County

 Merced County

 Monterey County

 Napa County

 Orange County

 Riverside County

 Sacramento County

 San Bernardino County

 San Diego County

 San Francisco County

 San Joaquin County

 San Luis Obispo County

 Santa Barbara County

 Santa Clara County

 Santa Cruz County

 Shasta County

 Solano County

 Sonoma County

 Stanislaus County

 Sutter County

 Tulare County

 Ventura County

 Yolo County

 Boulder County

 Denver County

Colorado

 El Paso County

 Larimer County

 Mesa County

 Pueblo County

 Weld County

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix D-2
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

-5,606 13,229 18,108 159 2,359 28,251 -0.21 5.02 5.30 2.00 2.86 0.85

-2,529 4,427 4,681 33 651 7,263 -0.40 4.87 4.59 2.13 2.28 0.85

-3,079 4,309 6,367 34 588 8,219 -0.50 5.19 5.89 1.87 2.75 0.98

10 206 521 2 86 827 0.01 5.12 6.43 0.93 3.30 0.54

-3,773 3,041 5,858 15 627 5,767 -0.61 4.76 5.75 0.80 3.73 0.72

1,564 474 460 57 134 2,689 0.73 4.85 3.16 3.90 2.40 1.09

7,173 1,490 5,916 39 287 14,905 1.22 6.52 3.90 1.67 1.82 1.90

1,334 169 846 9 43 2,400 1.38 5.01 3.10 1.26 1.64 1.84

4,616 1,126 4,028 17 239 10,025 1.22 6.54 4.17 1.92 1.99 1.98

2,174 2,715 13,788 41 784 19,502 1.41 7.93 4.11 3.05 4.50 3.59

2,174 2,715 13,788 41 784 19,502 1.41 7.93 4.11 3.05 4.50 3.59

108,814 123,388 97,454 1,784 5,277 336,717 1.03 5.35 4.02 3.34 1.94 2.16

2,782 510 1,469 16 458 5,235 1.98 5.00 3.15 3.45 6.15 2.55

1,759 139 600 32 94 2,623 1.42 3.72 3.01 2.54 2.31 1.71

4,571 1,095 1,853 42 252 7,813 1.12 5.20 3.97 2.18 2.56 1.61

7,549 10,363 13,647 202 475 32,236 0.72 5.43 4.54 4.95 1.46 2.04

953 139 129 9 -4 1,226 0.74 3.15 1.94 2.71 -0.28 0.87

1,799 2,163 481 57 33 4,533 1.10 5.83 3.87 6.15 2.44 2.11

6,828 1,387 9,046 57 315 17,633 1.39 5.85 4.14 2.37 1.40 2.33

2,881 423 2,858 62 208 6,432 1.43 6.10 4.15 2.08 2.46 2.23

8,148 9,497 6,591 97 406 24,738 1.32 5.51 4.44 2.80 2.15 2.57

3,507 1,194 1,115 45 69 5,928 1.01 4.57 3.35 3.81 1.83 1.44

2,703 273 1,771 14 202 4,963 1.81 4.16 2.79 2.07 4.33 2.21

1,520 1,339 1,108 29 30 4,027 0.74 8.05 4.54 3.37 1.34 1.62

2,191 670 1,224 22 20 4,127 1.07 6.08 3.21 2.48 1.02 1.61

4,285 64,742 20,094 288 767 90,176 0.87 5.16 4.44 5.25 2.08 4.02

2,186 258 613 27 179 3,262 1.53 3.60 3.29 2.38 2.60 1.84

7,965 6,696 6,955 88 493 22,196 1.44 5.94 4.48 2.90 1.88 2.61

5,061 6,571 7,243 72 323 19,269 0.64 5.83 4.43 3.33 1.93 1.78

4,831 1,508 3,659 50 303 10,352 0.65 4.84 4.17 2.05 1.87 1.17

4,192 1,429 2,385 52 77 8,134 1.16 5.39 3.19 3.16 1.73 1.74

1,414 532 733 13 36 2,728 0.50 5.35 4.32 2.09 1.42 0.88

1,514 403 1,204 11 36 3,169 1.09 4.24 3.30 2.09 1.80 1.69

3,719 1,199 1,326 36 121 6,401 1.03 5.00 2.74 2.77 2.34 1.46

Florida

 Middlesex County

 New Haven County

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

 Fairfield County

State, Center County

 Hartford County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Connecticut

 New London County

 Kent County

 New Castle County

 District of Columbia

Delaware

District of Columbia

 Alachua County

 Bay County

 Brevard County

 Broward County

 Charlotte County

 Collier County

 Duval County

 Escambia County

 Hillsborough County

 Lee County

 Leon County

 Manatee County

 Marion County

 Miami-Dade County

 Okaloosa County

 Orange County

 Palm Beach County

 Pinellas County

 Polk County

 Sarasota County

 St. Lucie County

 Volusia County

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix D-3
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

72,471 13,277 89,281 451 4,124 179,603 1.36 7.40 3.77 2.53 2.82 2.23

1,014 43 2,224 1 43 3,325 1.26 4.27 2.89 0.55 3.43 2.08

1,566 139 2,681 16 91 4,493 1.30 4.06 2.64 3.21 2.38 1.96

1,474 125 953 12 224 2,788 2.57 6.22 3.22 6.30 6.47 3.01

2,650 1,592 12,846 23 1,023 18,135 0.99 7.54 4.38 1.85 3.89 2.98

575 35 1,738 6 18 2,372 1.42 4.17 3.20 2.39 2.76 2.46

3,088 1,381 19,523 26 634 24,653 1.02 7.78 4.43 2.13 4.45 3.18

197 6 237 0 2 442 1.23 5.43 3.09 0.00 2.26 1.85

1,332 334 2,379 9 90 4,144 1.44 5.26 2.95 1.45 2.28 2.25

1,206 269 3,860 20 89 5,444 1.34 5.96 4.14 3.29 1.73 2.81

7,840 3,262 2,476 225 10,711 24,513 2.12 5.16 7.49 3.28 1.33 1.91

4,976 2,033 2,386 136 8,153 17,685 1.98 4.87 7.91 3.07 1.36 1.91

21,884 6,449 325 1,612 445 30,715 1.77 6.75 3.66 7.19 2.61 2.23

5,024 356 64 93 119 5,657 1.72 3.11 2.72 3.68 2.13 1.80

1,333 145 36 199 41 1,756 1.82 3.55 3.27 7.25 3.44 2.13

1,910 1,679 37 54 41 3,721 1.76 6.81 5.03 3.96 1.96 2.71

20,635 31,973 69,327 443 9,208 131,586 0.24 2.63 3.59 1.61 2.14 1.08

956 173 589 2 824 2,545 0.72 4.83 3.17 0.65 7.15 1.52

8,539 22,287 53,127 277 6,421 90,651 0.33 2.53 3.66 2.03 2.36 1.73

593 215 75 3 195 1,082 0.77 6.19 3.02 2.05 7.26 1.26

2,231 545 931 16 307 4,031 0.29 1.03 4.50 1.35 0.47 0.45

411 2,931 913 16 184 4,455 0.14 3.88 3.23 1.72 2.21 1.09

149 169 635 0 9 963 0.18 5.96 3.54 0.00 0.91 0.93

1,317 1,035 1,742 20 205 4,318 0.27 1.70 3.72 1.26 0.93 0.69

128 22 519 2 11 682 0.13 3.14 3.32 1.39 1.63 0.61

553 45 733 6 51 1,387 0.24 1.12 3.69 0.84 2.27 0.53

666 116 207 7 139 1,135 0.50 4.57 2.84 2.24 5.15 0.78

289 125 996 1 105 1,515 0.20 3.63 3.51 0.18 3.30 0.84

508 68 504 5 27 1,113 0.42 0.63 4.13 1.15 1.87 0.76

227 67 608 0 34 937 0.13 3.50 3.32 0.00 1.51 0.48

580 48 3,090 14 85 3,817 0.33 0.99 3.81 2.42 2.91 1.45

205 70 51 -2 5 331 0.17 4.71 3.67 -0.73 0.80 0.26

368 814 1,732 8 22 2,944 0.10 2.26 2.93 0.79 0.23 0.61

328 380 907 11 84 1,711 0.15 3.34 3.16 1.45 1.83 0.63

 Clarke County

 DeKalb County

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

 Bibb County

 Chatham County

State, Center County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

Total

Georgia

 Dougherty County

 Fulton County

 Jones County

 Muscogee County

 Richmond County

 Honolulu County

 Ada County

 Bannock County

Hawaii

Idaho

 Canyon County

 Champaign County

 Cook County

 DeKalb County

Illinois

 DuPage County

 Kane County

 Kankakee County

 Lake County

 Macon County

 Madison County

 McLean County

 Peoria County

 Rock Island County

 Sangamon County

 St. Clair County

 Tazewell County

 Will County

 Winnebago County

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix D-4
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

9,982 2,643 16,626 115 1,945 31,311 0.19 2.02 3.20 0.76 3.11 0.52

251 236 1,131 3 88 1,708 0.09 3.08 2.95 0.25 2.00 0.53

390 43 219 5 47 704 0.36 4.28 2.62 1.59 4.76 0.60

222 234 295 2 26 779 0.14 5.03 3.07 0.39 1.47 0.44

174 4 145 1 6 331 0.25 1.11 3.95 1.05 1.83 0.44

106 57 143 0 15 322 0.14 3.87 2.62 0.00 2.08 0.38

705 -35 4,117 10 47 4,843 0.24 -0.07 3.11 0.79 1.09 1.01

96 45 307 -1 6 453 0.08 3.92 2.63 -0.19 0.91 0.34

4,084 92 7,475 17 279 11,947 0.68 0.94 3.63 0.85 2.31 1.43

770 103 87 8 309 1,277 0.71 5.28 2.44 2.77 7.21 1.07

364 260 824 14 142 1,604 0.16 3.66 2.73 1.48 3.46 0.61

984 163 85 4 565 1,800 0.76 5.22 2.53 1.05 7.46 1.25

210 48 441 2 40 741 0.14 3.99 2.93 0.74 2.80 0.43

281 31 127 0 92 531 0.29 2.92 1.90 0.00 5.28 0.50

7,063 1,784 2,334 219 1,882 13,282 0.26 3.56 3.59 2.33 4.20 0.46

338 40 318 6 44 746 0.31 3.16 3.13 2.23 2.66 0.61

135 26 7 0 44 212 0.16 3.96 1.57 0.00 5.74 0.24

706 119 86 6 456 1,374 0.75 5.12 3.00 2.42 6.88 1.29

349 60 148 6 84 646 0.20 2.37 3.15 1.20 3.24 0.34

1,660 87 804 14 307 2,872 0.50 0.89 3.77 1.11 2.70 0.77

330 11 23 6 11 382 0.39 0.48 3.62 2.07 2.19 0.44

744 98 537 8 70 1,457 0.52 1.54 4.92 1.30 2.84 0.90

162 190 87 43 107 589 0.17 5.15 3.45 1.97 4.62 0.57

7,744 4,474 6,305 451 1,773 20,747 0.34 3.44 3.51 1.71 3.41 0.77

662 154 127 49 321 1,314 0.80 5.01 2.70 1.83 7.58 1.35

1,881 51 493 16 160 2,602 0.45 0.42 4.46 0.97 1.43 0.58

121 111 222 1 53 507 0.20 3.81 2.37 0.16 3.14 0.69

1,986 457 2,130 76 529 5,178 0.54 1.81 4.21 1.35 3.60 1.11

159 341 532 39 27 1,098 0.12 3.27 3.09 1.85 1.34 0.65

410 10 1,718 7 81 2,226 0.46 0.08 3.50 0.56 3.09 1.43

51,314 1,587 10,358 164 892 64,315 1.39 5.32 3.48 2.37 3.05 1.58

513 6 6 8 7 540 1.08 1.23 0.54 6.84 3.25 1.09

796 143 588 10 81 1,619 1.55 5.11 3.16 2.55 5.46 2.17

1,109 16 112 1 -2 1,236 1.26 3.63 2.72 0.87 -0.43 1.33

3,523 116 1,012 14 284 4,949 1.72 3.43 2.88 2.93 4.62 1.98

557 10 97 2 2 668 1.34 4.42 2.85 2.60 0.79 1.47

6,174 302 5,162 25 197 11,860 1.13 5.58 4.15 2.34 2.65 1.74

Kentucky

 Delaware County

 Elkhart County

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

 Allen County

State, Center County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

Indiana

 Floyd County

 Howard County

 Lake County

 Madison County

 Marion County

 Monroe County

 St. Joseph County

 Tippecanoe County

 Vanderburgh County

 Vigo County

 Black Hawk County

 Dubuque County

Iowa

 Johnson County

 Linn County

 Polk County

 Pottawattamie County

 Scott County

 Woodbury County

 Douglas County

 Johnson County

Kansas

 Leavenworth County

 Sedgwick County

 Shawnee County

 Wyandotte County

 Boyd County

 Christian County

 Daviess County

 Fayette County

 Henderson County

 Jefferson County

Footnotes at end of table.

Appendix D-5
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

35,617 5,689 55,775 420 1,874 99,375 1.26 5.22 3.71 2.12 2.96 2.20

1,058 148 968 4 29 2,206 1.49 6.15 4.31 1.08 1.76 2.25

1,418 160 4,519 14 50 6,160 1.06 6.07 4.11 2.41 3.02 2.48

1,679 83 1,359 2 9 3,133 1.25 3.62 2.79 0.47 0.92 1.68

3,434 444 6,700 14 374 10,966 1.46 6.33 4.20 1.91 4.41 2.67

2,212 143 1,475 12 159 4,000 1.58 4.01 2.94 2.85 5.61 2.03

969 878 13,888 22 505 16,262 0.71 5.90 4.46 2.72 3.81 3.40

1,280 52 1,554 7 56 2,949 1.33 3.79 2.98 2.77 4.80 1.95

1,065 76 1,193 8 40 2,383 1.26 4.66 2.96 1.49 2.94 1.86

2,280 229 785 24 21 3,339 1.33 4.10 2.98 2.99 1.24 1.63

996 54 626 84 74 1,834 1.25 3.16 3.00 1.65 5.89 1.69

8,082 494 185 269 281 9,311 0.65 5.61 3.45 4.35 2.80 0.73

732 67 19 4 26 848 0.74 6.89 3.86 1.73 3.37 0.83

1,935 116 60 23 105 2,240 0.77 5.79 3.53 2.98 3.23 0.86

921 42 18 68 54 1,103 0.66 4.95 3.14 5.23 4.08 0.77

41,170 11,553 64,609 407 3,289 121,027 1.21 6.17 4.16 2.56 1.45 2.24

826 24 54 1 10 916 1.20 4.67 2.59 1.80 1.98 1.27

5,177 632 2,985 42 278 9,114 1.32 5.45 3.60 2.39 2.01 1.81

1,847 357 19,349 62 355 21,970 0.99 6.07 4.34 2.92 4.07 3.38

2,699 176 474 10 75 3,434 1.50 4.65 3.05 2.23 2.29 1.70

1,737 81 183 6 35 2,041 1.46 5.78 1.89 1.94 2.51 1.55

-11,166 19,189 27,486 320 10,033 45,863 -0.22 5.33 6.20 2.24 3.93 0.73

1,133 247 163 45 56 1,644 0.56 6.40 3.49 3.14 2.67 0.76

931 94 88 12 62 1,187 0.74 4.86 2.63 4.42 3.93 0.90

2,193 993 554 27 282 4,049 0.46 4.88 4.03 2.42 3.27 0.77

-2,302 2,944 2,233 63 669 3,607 -0.38 5.28 5.96 3.75 3.39 0.51

-2,766 3,115 3,086 20 225 3,681 -0.84 5.38 6.28 2.44 3.36 0.83

607 338 189 2 506 1,643 0.45 5.87 5.20 0.74 6.63 1.08

-6,497 3,487 4,073 25 3,742 4,831 -0.53 5.14 6.88 1.17 4.04 0.34

170 566 896 16 106 1,754 0.04 4.52 3.31 1.58 1.52 0.37

334 4,061 13,653 51 2,944 21,043 0.10 5.65 6.78 2.12 5.48 3.17

333 2,758 1,499 42 850 5,482 0.05 5.71 6.16 2.46 3.91 0.74

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

 Calcasieu Parish

 East Baton Rouge Parish

 Lafayette Parish

Total

Footnotes at end of table.

Total Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

State, Center County

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White

 Bossier Parish

 Caddo Parish

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount

 Orleans Parish

 Ouachita Parish

 Rapides Parish

 St. Tammany Parish

 Terrebonne Parish

 Androscoggin County

 Cumberland County

 Penobscot County

 Allegany County

 Anne Arundel County

 Baltimore city

 Frederick County

 Washington County

 Barnstable County

 Berkshire County

 Bristol County

 Essex County

 Hampden County

 Hampshire County

 Middlesex County

 Plymouth County

 Suffolk County

 Worcester County

Appendix D-6
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

13,030 6,065 48,739 910 4,103 72,846 0.17 2.56 3.28 1.48 2.47 0.75

-66 253 46 7 8 249 -0.07 5.98 2.82 1.12 1.22 0.25

-29 153 44 9 9 187 -0.03 3.74 3.12 1.18 1.38 0.18

139 105 500 6 42 792 0.12 3.43 2.90 0.89 2.46 0.57

174 90 190 3 14 471 0.19 3.14 4.46 0.56 1.53 0.47

776 45 3,539 29 50 4,439 0.24 0.48 3.65 0.91 1.16 1.03

1,954 277 1,522 36 631 4,419 0.89 1.85 4.61 1.66 5.51 1.57

68 97 269 2 14 450 0.05 3.56 1.99 0.31 1.29 0.29

602 192 715 15 214 1,738 0.31 4.29 3.02 1.41 4.38 0.77

1,639 270 2,227 60 192 4,387 0.36 1.61 4.15 1.77 2.14 0.81

52 47 23 2 8 132 0.07 3.46 2.58 0.64 0.61 0.16

24 145 729 8 9 915 0.02 3.39 2.76 0.56 1.03 0.55

1,947 59 3,099 23 522 5,651 0.19 0.25 3.12 0.51 1.27 0.48

272 512 42 11 108 944 0.13 4.32 2.77 1.26 2.46 0.42

-35 470 1,287 14 42 1,777 -0.02 3.30 3.09 1.23 2.21 0.86

17 153 123 9 5 307 0.01 4.43 3.10 1.07 0.61 0.19

1,227 286 1,097 12 1,075 3,698 0.52 4.33 2.82 0.98 5.73 1.22

2,931 139 30,907 58 651 34,686 0.27 0.27 3.27 0.72 2.03 1.64

8,298 1,963 7,782 2,947 5,038 26,030 0.19 2.33 4.70 4.43 3.51 0.54

42 9 6 4 -4 57 0.12 3.02 4.65 2.25 -1.39 0.16

153 108 12 11 47 330 0.32 5.54 4.06 1.51 6.35 0.63

3,914 190 5,218 383 1,886 11,591 0.44 1.03 5.03 2.13 3.55 1.07

116 54 33 6 217 426 0.11 3.38 2.45 1.59 3.37 0.36

1,769 246 1,764 102 2,110 5,990 0.45 1.32 4.70 1.86 5.06 1.21

8 47 53 137 59 304 * 3.47 3.11 3.10 3.23 0.16

416 49 23 4 77 569 0.33 5.31 3.02 0.88 4.84 0.43

21,638 1,010 36,223 710 775 60,355 1.22 5.05 3.45 7.35 3.63 2.10

812 32 719 0 69 1,631 1.60 4.27 2.78 0.00 8.77 2.09

1,885 154 1,096 11 293 3,440 1.40 3.71 2.80 2.01 4.04 1.85

1,239 61 5,656 6 65 7,027 1.09 5.88 4.17 2.32 3.62 2.78

1,211 64 851 6 48 2,180 1.17 3.46 2.76 2.01 2.50 1.57

441 19 188 0 2 650 1.30 6.03 3.54 0.00 0.92 1.63

519 24 1,377 1 1 1,922 1.24 5.47 3.63 2.44 0.14 2.39

1,134 48 750 1 7 1,940 1.20 5.01 3.30 1.49 1.05 1.63

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Footnotes at end of table.

White

 Allegan County

 Bay County

 Calhoun County

 Eaton County

 Genesee County

 Ingham County

 Jackson County

 Kalamazoo County

 Kent County

 Midland County

 Muskegon County

 Oakland County

 Ottawa County

 Saginaw County

 St. Clair County

 Washtenaw County

 Wayne County

 Benton County

 Clay County

 Hennepin County

 Olmsted County

 Ramsey County

 St. Louis County

 Stearns County

 Forrest County

 Harrison County

 Hinds County

 Jackson County

 Lamar County

 Madison County

 Rankin County

Appendix D-7
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

10,428 1,652 21,934 237 1,923 36,174 0.22 2.02 3.38 0.98 2.93 0.65

803 96 454 6 341 1,700 0.70 5.26 3.56 1.28 6.04 1.25

161 61 89 6 9 327 0.21 2.67 2.74 1.84 2.29 0.40

168 32 60 12 21 293 0.21 2.21 4.88 2.06 3.62 0.34

23 19 4 10 3 58 0.04 3.57 2.82 3.02 1.36 0.11

854 20 186 13 40 1,113 0.50 0.35 4.55 1.32 1.86 0.61

821 112 140 24 85 1,182 0.37 4.17 2.64 1.60 3.19 0.51

2,130 44 6,182 26 273 8,653 0.46 0.19 3.54 0.76 2.67 1.29

191 49 42 19 32 333 0.20 3.86 2.49 1.09 3.98 0.32

37 35 7 -3 16 93 0.08 6.26 2.29 -0.23 3.77 0.18

380 42 105 11 50 588 0.56 2.23 5.16 2.52 3.22 0.79

895 9 346 12 43 1,305 0.33 0.20 3.90 1.63 1.44 0.45

836 76 6,589 4 243 7,748 0.59 1.71 3.62 0.44 5.46 2.32

15,389 1,001 158 6,022 232 22,802 1.76 5.28 3.56 9.21 2.96 2.34

1,324 71 61 144 50 1,650 1.73 3.96 3.63 3.68 3.66 1.93

1,941 55 9 138 68 2,212 2.10 3.71 2.12 5.08 4.33 2.24

2,101 219 36 188 26 2,570 1.65 4.23 3.55 4.02 2.23 1.84

5,584 2,111 2,963 794 800 12,252 0.36 3.69 3.92 4.89 3.36 0.71

1,739 139 2,297 69 239 4,483 0.46 0.83 3.92 1.98 3.13 0.97

946 260 201 36 318 1,761 0.42 4.04 3.09 1.90 4.95 0.71

19,767 13,136 11,663 1,745 1,950 48,262 1.43 4.94 7.79 5.47 2.26 2.51

9,925 8,780 11,324 332 1,328 31,690 1.12 4.61 8.25 2.78 2.09 2.45

5,360 2,056 264 403 529 8,611 2.06 5.19 3.11 5.73 2.89 2.58

8,972 827 331 55 430 10,616 0.75 5.22 3.61 2.14 2.88 0.86

2,613 409 146 16 152 3,336 0.73 5.19 3.65 2.10 2.46 0.88

1,668 170 113 11 72 2,033 0.61 4.95 4.01 2.10 1.89 0.72

788 49 21 6 61 925 0.72 4.23 3.32 2.42 4.20 0.82

-52,221 44,801 71,063 314 8,373 72,329 -0.95 4.82 5.42 1.50 1.73 0.88

520 1,159 1,537 13 230 3,459 0.32 5.55 2.93 1.63 2.51 1.41

-4,585 1,464 5,395 14 186 2,474 -1.35 3.62 5.07 0.88 0.90 0.49

113 988 922 26 11 2,060 0.13 4.36 3.11 1.61 0.51 1.45

-3,531 5,422 21,963 11 582 24,446 -1.27 5.18 6.24 0.60 1.78 3.18

-1,021 12,340 6,513 60 1,940 19,833 -0.51 5.73 6.84 2.83 3.43 3.49

-1,318 1,168 3,860 13 341 4,063 -0.60 4.94 5.00 1.85 1.96 1.21

-4,096 1,243 1,022 4 296 -1,532 -1.06 4.09 5.79 0.64 0.92 -0.33

 Missoula County

 Yellowstone County

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

Footnotes at end of table.

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Total White White

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount

 Boone County

Missouri

 Buchanan County

 Cass County

 Christian County

 Clay County

 Greene County

 Jackson County

 Jasper County

 Newton County

 Platte County

 St. Charles County

 St. Louis city

 Cascade County

Montana

 Douglas County

 Lancaster County

 Clark County

 Washoe County

 Hillsborough County

 Rockingham County

 Strafford County

 Atlantic County

 Camden County

 Cumberland County

 Essex County

 Hudson County

 Mercer County

 Morris County

Appendix D-8
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

11,969 28,139 2,780 16,560 772 60,221 1.30 3.85 5.40 8.95 2.63 3.14

2,427 7,943 1,904 981 383 13,638 0.80 3.83 8.00 4.57 2.63 2.38

1,592 4,301 106 51 124 6,173 2.14 3.99 2.91 3.45 4.76 3.25

983 2,128 41 305 13 3,471 1.55 3.15 2.85 6.82 1.02 2.51

-45,715 122,692 214,949 2,312 34,185 328,422 -0.39 5.50 6.12 3.10 3.22 1.78

-967 296 2,211 5 288 1,833 -0.39 4.83 7.07 0.79 3.57 0.63

-1,255 27,330 37,735 278 2,529 66,618 -0.60 6.04 6.86 3.78 4.92 5.25

965 136 178 7 251 1,537 0.54 4.77 3.63 1.96 4.65 0.80

513 30 56 10 5 615 0.68 2.80 1.70 3.39 0.96 0.76

831 274 107 17 19 1,247 0.66 4.96 3.15 2.70 2.10 0.91

392 23 145 5 4 568 0.48 1.98 2.38 2.20 0.35 0.62

1,319 439 707 3 152 2,618 0.60 3.81 2.72 0.58 1.57 0.98

-6,846 1,195 7,620 268 617 2,854 -0.92 4.48 5.77 4.41 3.93 0.31

-3,645 24,644 70,233 294 6,286 97,812 -0.48 5.85 6.90 3.03 3.90 4.14

-4,664 1,406 6,651 8 569 3,970 -0.84 4.35 6.30 0.33 2.78 0.55

1,489 24,602 31,534 324 8,348 66,297 0.24 6.77 6.83 3.91 4.84 4.06

-875 111 890 48 19 194 -0.45 3.97 5.96 2.25 1.44 0.09

1,222 249 455 18 102 2,046 0.61 4.24 2.86 3.26 3.16 0.91

-2,307 349 3,096 26 446 1,609 -0.60 4.29 6.74 0.77 4.15 0.36

1,646 1,384 900 18 62 4,010 0.61 4.65 3.13 1.76 0.98 1.19

-6,856 22,148 25,084 107 10,597 51,079 -0.87 5.37 5.04 1.35 3.01 2.49

-4 111 470 3 274 854 * 4.63 7.19 1.09 8.13 0.56

-3,683 1,480 2,839 9 311 956 -1.22 3.71 6.86 0.99 1.06 0.23

457 117 110 4 32 719 0.24 4.27 3.51 1.12 1.24 0.36

-1,156 118 500 4 43 -492 -0.90 4.01 6.32 1.26 1.46 -0.34

383 29 6 1 0 419 0.64 3.93 1.42 0.91 0.00 0.68

77,243 7,537 60,544 2,656 2,876 150,857 1.33 6.81 3.37 2.77 2.92 1.90

1,136 53 632 7 23 1,851 1.17 4.48 2.53 1.90 2.60 1.49

2,172 92 458 10 27 2,758 1.20 4.67 2.59 1.55 1.94 1.36

994 40 182 1 39 1,255 1.29 7.01 2.65 0.73 2.69 1.46

1,183 47 454 7 8 1,699 1.09 5.39 2.62 1.52 1.06 1.33

973 33 142 1 2 1,152 1.32 6.51 3.06 1.16 1.15 1.46

1,509 85 385 12 31 2,022 1.24 5.50 2.95 4.07 2.02 1.46

2,689 576 2,680 104 200 6,249 1.66 3.75 2.87 2.06 2.12 2.19

1,605 72 489 15 29 2,210 1.23 7.44 3.22 2.97 3.37 1.50

1,898 152 2,271 14 250 4,584 1.56 5.57 2.81 2.28 4.51 2.17

300 11 1,073 1 6 1,391 1.26 5.92 3.30 1.33 5.68 2.46

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

Total

Footnotes at end of table.

White White

 Bernalillo County

 Dona Ana County

New Mexico

 Santa Fe County

 Albany County

 Bronx County

 Broome County

New York

 Cayuga County

 Chautauqua County

 Chemung County

 Dutchess County

 Erie County

 Kings County

 Monroe County

 New York County

 Niagara County

 Oneida County

 Onondaga County

 Orange County

 Queens County

 Rensselaer County

 Richmond County

 Saratoga County

 Schenectady County

 Warren County

 Alamance County

 Buncombe County

North Carolina

 Burke County

 Cabarrus County

 Caldwell County

 Catawba County

 Cumberland County

 Davidson County

 Durham County

 Edgecombe County

Appendix D-9
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

2,702 129 2,130 14 72 5,047 1.26 4.33 2.77 2.08 2.51 1.69

2,160 52 763 8 55 3,037 1.34 4.23 2.94 1.69 3.47 1.60

3,729 201 3,028 58 254 7,269 1.32 5.05 2.75 2.79 3.78 1.79

6,075 735 8,394 58 459 15,722 1.33 6.54 4.50 2.03 2.69 2.33

826 78 1,068 6 11 1,989 1.29 9.35 3.37 1.90 2.63 2.05

1,754 47 951 18 10 2,780 1.42 2.97 2.80 2.82 0.79 1.73

1,869 323 725 22 151 3,090 1.90 4.09 2.61 2.14 3.26 2.22

2,016 134 572 8 238 2,968 2.25 5.91 2.93 2.04 5.42 2.55

1,536 116 1,531 9 55 3,247 1.82 8.06 3.24 3.06 3.92 2.41

1,404 109 253 18 9 1,793 1.20 8.67 3.12 2.97 1.36 1.41

1,236 81 728 6 13 2,064 1.15 7.45 3.24 1.54 1.57 1.56

6,509 781 5,900 46 578 13,814 1.43 7.36 4.37 2.40 3.12 2.22

1,022 142 1,144 10 41 2,359 1.39 7.49 2.91 2.95 2.90 2.03

147 18 8 43 3 219 0.22 3.30 5.38 1.79 0.61 0.31

545 59 27 14 102 747 0.45 4.36 4.08 0.89 5.10 0.60

433 83 69 26 83 694 0.69 5.50 3.54 1.64 6.08 1.00

25,947 4,655 47,302 192 4,025 82,122 0.27 2.78 3.46 0.83 2.79 0.72

93 41 403 -1 5 541 0.10 2.84 2.80 -0.34 0.60 0.51

1,096 60 536 4 101 1,797 0.35 2.85 2.89 0.81 2.13 0.52

194 48 433 3 17 695 0.15 4.41 2.82 0.81 1.77 0.48

2,499 643 12,969 44 607 16,762 0.27 1.89 3.29 1.53 2.24 1.21

106 26 18 1 4 156 0.08 3.41 1.13 0.56 0.56 0.12

6,847 221 7,879 20 1,240 16,207 0.84 2.12 4.00 0.86 3.90 1.54

638 46 328 2 104 1,117 0.48 2.68 2.66 0.33 2.90 0.74

2,568 52 8,169 6 363 11,157 0.41 1.02 3.93 0.44 2.66 1.31

-31 19 138 0 -1 125 -0.05 3.79 2.83 0.00 -0.27 0.17

131 33 89 0 28 281 0.10 4.00 3.06 0.00 3.50 0.20

318 664 809 7 59 1,857 0.13 3.37 2.94 0.83 2.56 0.65

1,466 180 2,988 15 306 4,954 0.42 1.03 3.80 1.11 4.22 1.10

175 25 1,516 1 33 1,749 0.09 0.40 3.37 0.28 2.20 0.69

2,331 51 4,046 8 211 6,647 0.54 1.08 3.50 0.76 2.45 1.18

777 40 229 0 100 1,146 0.53 3.80 4.65 0.00 5.12 0.74

56 48 322 3 14 444 0.05 4.38 2.54 1.34 1.57 0.35

317 112 915 -2 37 1,380 0.09 3.12 2.99 -0.19 1.52 0.37

1,533 7 2,785 8 228 4,561 0.33 0.21 3.60 0.65 2.86 0.83

280 24 611 4 20 939 0.14 1.35 3.40 1.16 1.35 0.42

26 12 25 0 0 62 0.04 3.82 2.52 0.00 0.00 0.10

478 145 32 5 63 723 0.42 3.55 2.36 2.03 3.76 0.59

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Footnotes at end of table.

Ohio

North Carolina, continued

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Black American 

Indian 

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount

White

 Forsyth County

 Gaston County

 Guilford County

 Mecklenburg County

 Nash County

 New Hanover County

 Onslow County

 Orange County

 Pitt County

 Randolph County

 Rowan County

 Wake County

 Wayne County

 Burleigh County

 Cass County

 Grand Forks County

 Allen County

 Butler County

 Clark County

 Cuyahoga County

 Fairfield County

 Franklin County

 Greene County

 Hamilton County

 Jefferson County

 Licking County

 Lorain County

 Lucas County

 Mahoning County

 Montgomery County

 Portage County

 Richland County

 Stark County

 Summit County

 Trumbull County

 Washington County

 Wood County

Appendix D-10
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

36,037 6,823 11,428 6,740 1,808 62,836 1.34 6.06 3.88 2.35 3.46 1.83

1,037 124 66 79 -1 1,306 1.34 4.56 2.66 2.09 -0.05 1.48

3,029 425 312 241 327 4,335 1.70 5.67 4.35 2.19 5.18 2.06

1,169 315 689 106 106 2,384 1.56 4.04 3.02 1.93 2.22 2.06

693 59 73 26 41 892 1.36 4.49 3.12 1.99 4.68 1.57

294 68 11 42 4 418 1.22 7.57 3.32 2.26 5.42 1.54

6,245 2,211 4,951 726 643 14,776 1.35 6.72 4.48 2.64 3.44 2.27

347 45 196 800 -1 1,387 1.12 6.39 3.58 11.14 -0.65 3.11

697 49 55 126 15 941 1.32 4.67 3.23 1.67 2.69 1.48

685 50 13 172 18 937 1.13 5.04 1.70 1.82 5.60 1.30

5,932 1,111 2,885 639 320 10,887 1.35 6.55 4.45 2.21 3.38 1.94

44,736 11,884 5,192 1,952 3,515 67,279 1.47 6.30 7.35 3.74 2.97 1.94

1,949 148 30 20 454 2,600 2.70 5.68 3.30 2.76 7.78 3.16

2,903 820 141 45 89 3,998 0.89 6.33 7.61 1.62 1.02 1.13

2,851 694 21 73 86 3,724 1.70 6.52 3.58 2.76 3.43 2.03

6,132 540 97 112 441 7,322 2.02 4.85 3.19 2.71 5.01 2.22

4,089 2,042 86 161 268 6,645 1.73 6.58 2.46 3.30 3.63 2.35

5,036 1,227 4,296 180 1,186 11,925 0.96 4.74 8.21 2.13 2.71 1.82

1,046 300 4 41 43 1,434 1.79 5.90 1.48 3.58 3.63 2.17

3,547 1,679 382 80 663 6,351 0.96 6.19 9.24 2.82 2.51 1.48

-29,505 12,911 58,986 203 5,636 48,230 -0.28 4.40 4.60 1.07 2.51 0.39

-13,167 357 9,933 -5 737 -2,144 -1.25 3.36 5.46 -0.29 3.51 -0.17

730 1,215 443 21 155 2,565 0.23 5.04 3.02 3.93 2.76 0.70

451 24 39 0 13 526 0.35 3.73 2.61 0.00 1.92 0.40

594 65 145 1 9 814 0.40 4.52 2.81 0.93 1.39 0.52

1,486 106 69 8 518 2,187 1.19 5.22 1.79 3.75 7.39 1.58

-280 96 175 3 61 55 -0.14 4.62 3.52 0.88 1.37 0.03

-1,104 313 2,695 3 137 2,044 -0.57 4.39 5.59 0.55 2.83 0.81

819 233 699 11 78 1,840 0.32 5.11 3.59 1.93 3.31 0.65

-1,923 63 135 4 67 -1,653 -0.96 4.20 6.78 2.39 3.09 -0.80

2,552 1,101 574 21 166 4,414 0.60 4.86 3.59 2.94 1.95 0.93

570 226 41 -1 26 862 0.50 5.64 3.95 -0.87 1.62 0.72

-2,439 913 662 13 92 -760 -0.92 4.40 6.46 2.43 1.49 -0.25

-2,031 114 196 -1 70 -1,653 -0.67 4.38 4.20 -0.37 3.03 -0.53

630 32 109 5 8 783 0.55 3.58 3.15 1.79 0.97 0.66

415 33 196 4 11 659 0.36 4.49 2.52 2.53 1.61 0.53

-1,285 786 482 8 164 155 -0.55 4.44 6.19 2.95 3.51 0.06

-7,780 3,044 29,699 -7 2,115 27,070 -1.22 3.50 4.44 -0.18 3.48 1.85

1,118 354 571 1 56 2,100 0.31 4.89 3.39 0.12 1.41 0.54

Footnotes at end of table.

Total

Pennsylvania

Oregon

Oklahoma

Total Black American 

Indian 

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

 Canadian County

State, Center County

 Cleveland County

 Comanche County

 Garfield County

 McClain County

 Oklahoma County

 Osage County

 Pottawatomie County

 Rogers County

 Tulsa County

 Benton County

 Clackamas County

 Jackson County

 Lane County

 Marion County

 Multnomah County

 Polk County

 Washington County

 Allegheny County

 Berks County

 Blair County

 Cambria County

 Centre County

 Cumberland County

 Dauphin County

 Erie County

 Lackawanna County

 Lancaster County

 Lebanon County

 Northampton County

 Philadelphia County

 York County

 Lehigh County

 Luzerne County

 Lycoming County

 Mercer County

Appendix D-11
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

-3,991 3,158 3,665 79 1,220 4,130 -0.47 5.03 6.35 1.51 4.15 0.41

-1,905 92 88 -2 15 -1,713 -1.24 2.95 5.92 -0.68 0.68 -1.06

-3,076 2,787 3,388 38 1,027 4,165 -0.68 5.16 6.70 1.26 4.59 0.71

34,464 2,352 41,702 187 800 79,504 1.30 6.04 3.48 2.09 2.40 2.02

1,220 81 1,312 6 15 2,633 1.21 6.35 3.77 2.28 1.83 1.91

1,413 35 841 4 9 2,303 1.05 4.20 2.91 2.26 1.70 1.40

1,842 220 1,408 7 34 3,510 1.92 6.82 3.98 1.60 0.90 2.53

2,916 309 4,941 9 123 8,299 1.49 7.13 4.13 1.28 3.20 2.56

1,068 77 796 3 8 1,952 1.65 5.76 3.64 0.58 0.74 2.18

944 33 1,630 5 7 2,618 1.25 6.19 3.18 2.74 1.48 2.04

3,677 208 1,997 15 68 5,965 1.29 4.58 2.92 2.73 2.13 1.65

1,932 98 1,139 9 39 3,217 1.32 5.15 3.46 2.33 2.09 1.76

2,216 324 5,396 16 177 8,130 1.33 5.84 3.99 1.96 3.15 2.59

2,389 126 1,587 5 60 4,167 1.24 6.12 2.90 1.33 2.40 1.65

853 75 1,493 9 34 2,463 1.48 5.88 3.07 4.23 2.72 2.26

1,619 70 950 31 25 2,694 1.31 6.02 2.83 3.48 2.17 1.68

1,310 412 201 6,098 223 8,245 0.19 5.21 3.56 9.14 3.83 1.05

-2 0 2 9 0 9 -0.01 0.00 4.36 6.76 0.00 0.04

316 69 63 68 56 570 0.21 5.05 4.02 2.33 3.52 0.37

290 106 78 127 59 661 0.37 4.08 3.50 1.70 3.62 0.71

59,688 3,116 37,005 262 1,726 101,797 1.28 5.81 3.83 1.93 2.98 1.77

866 36 100 3 20 1,025 1.26 5.48 2.96 0.85 2.04 1.38

599 12 7 3 5 627 1.11 4.01 1.31 3.22 2.20 1.13

5,305 490 6,246 41 450 12,532 1.35 7.03 4.35 2.68 3.76 2.25

2,618 177 2,683 8 79 5,565 1.12 6.27 4.15 1.14 1.92 1.82

597 8 25 3 2 635 1.17 3.11 2.51 2.53 1.72 1.21

4,525 234 1,616 26 256 6,657 1.34 6.63 4.22 2.40 4.20 1.72

705 20 903 0 16 1,644 1.19 4.44 2.96 0.00 3.53 1.81

1,694 228 758 18 63 2,761 1.67 4.02 2.87 2.80 1.61 2.00

2,649 81 580 8 109 3,426 1.64 4.15 3.16 1.79 2.61 1.84

5,433 481 17,604 24 388 23,930 1.18 5.45 4.14 1.25 2.99 2.63

1,664 38 76 9 14 1,801 1.10 4.37 2.42 1.90 1.70 1.15

1,380 43 113 7 32 1,574 1.35 4.90 2.66 3.27 4.41 1.46

160,799 321,694 105,876 3,446 16,271 608,086 1.41 5.39 4.00 3.48 2.82 2.93

124 30 0 0 0 154 1.51 9.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.80

2,538 1,569 1,554 36 240 5,937 1.80 4.46 3.29 2.67 2.25 2.52

6,349 42,743 4,322 275 662 54,350 1.31 5.48 4.24 4.28 2.57 3.88

750 69 634 3 7 1,462 1.20 4.34 3.09 0.71 1.66 1.71

Texas

Tennessee

South Dakota

 Bowie County

 Washington County

 Archer County

 Bell County

 Bexar County

 Montgomery County

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total White Black American 

Indian 

Rhode Island

Footnotes at end of table.

 Rutherford County

 Shelby County

 Sullivan County

 Hamilton County

 Hawkins County

 Knox County

 Madison County

 Pennington County

 Anderson County

 Carter County

 Davidson County

 Sumter County

 York County

 Lincoln County

 Minnehaha County

 Greenville County

 Horry County

 Richland County

 Spartanburg County

 Berkeley County

 Charleston County

 Dorchester County

 Florence County

 Kent County

 Providence County

 Aiken County

 Anderson County

South Carolina

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount

Appendix D-12
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

2,423 1,164 516 18 549 4,671 2.66 4.99 2.95 4.50 7.99 3.36

185 785 137 7 13 1,127 1.22 5.24 3.45 7.06 7.53 3.28

454 10,439 39 17 28 10,978 0.96 3.66 2.67 2.48 2.04 3.27

250 178 132 2 1 564 1.29 9.06 3.66 2.71 0.45 2.24

5,950 2,668 960 87 153 9,818 1.49 6.30 4.17 3.57 0.75 2.01

559 807 21 4 9 1,400 1.00 3.60 2.68 1.29 2.06 1.75

15,574 30,218 22,092 551 3,240 71,675 1.35 7.15 4.76 3.89 3.62 3.35

6,200 1,928 824 69 422 9,443 1.80 5.20 3.47 2.83 2.61 2.23

964 1,354 195 25 20 2,558 1.33 2.95 2.85 2.92 1.78 2.01

2,028 27,629 1,314 167 297 31,434 1.36 5.14 4.93 4.37 2.74 4.32

2,346 3,943 2,905 20 -173 9,041 1.33 4.80 3.56 1.88 -0.53 2.42

2,173 1,572 1,396 21 150 5,311 1.39 3.67 2.85 2.01 2.41 2.08

1,247 235 235 24 27 1,768 1.35 5.92 2.80 1.94 3.59 1.66

1,238 261 747 8 19 2,272 1.43 5.16 3.03 1.30 2.23 1.93

609 1,418 173 9 9 2,218 1.25 4.81 3.20 2.30 0.91 2.60

22,398 60,865 31,782 456 4,766 120,267 1.41 6.94 4.62 3.79 2.52 3.58

517 100 586 4 2 1,208 1.28 6.49 3.05 1.99 0.69 1.96

1,324 1,576 64 21 52 3,037 2.26 4.81 1.67 4.76 5.61 3.15

348 22,994 85 51 68 23,546 0.57 4.73 4.74 3.73 2.99 4.26

1,598 452 2,257 19 249 4,576 1.16 3.18 2.65 2.89 3.29 1.86

636 279 300 11 19 1,245 1.19 5.05 2.80 3.82 3.65 1.77

2,491 2,666 590 22 222 5,991 1.73 4.19 2.91 2.53 5.39 2.57

2,154 1,390 1,128 29 117 4,817 1.55 4.37 3.12 3.57 4.98 2.29

1,103 965 315 12 16 2,412 1.38 3.13 2.90 2.20 1.00 1.95

3,882 1,539 501 33 50 6,005 1.51 5.56 3.37 2.52 1.52 1.98

1,552 9,969 630 63 93 12,307 1.36 5.30 4.24 4.13 2.22 3.81

968 917 373 41 100 2,400 1.38 3.73 3.24 2.81 2.28 2.14

1,277 335 33 11 35 1,691 1.40 3.62 2.15 1.84 3.00 1.63

470 204 44 2 6 725 1.30 6.63 2.74 1.22 1.40 1.76

410 2,036 70 19 16 2,551 1.34 4.95 3.14 4.96 2.98 3.41

1,675 667 1,252 25 19 3,638 1.38 5.42 3.08 3.54 1.64 2.06

14,645 13,610 8,666 248 1,883 39,053 1.52 6.54 4.54 3.13 3.50 2.74

1,455 751 275 19 75 2,576 1.60 3.57 3.15 3.12 3.06 2.08

950 1,069 158 16 49 2,243 1.46 3.36 3.16 2.92 3.14 2.16

7,522 13,863 4,757 192 1,827 28,160 1.71 7.24 4.95 4.95 5.87 3.70

566 1,395 177 8 7 2,152 1.28 4.16 2.77 2.44 1.50 2.54

132 5,738 17 20 28 5,936 1.54 3.07 4.03 4.48 2.76 3.01

Texas, continued

Total

Footnotes at end of table.

Total Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

 Victoria County

 Webb County

 Tarrant County

 Taylor County

 Tom Green County

 Travis County

 Randall County

 Rockwall County

 San Patricio County

 Smith County

 Midland County

 Montgomery County

 Nueces County

 Potter County

 Jefferson County

 Kaufman County

 Lubbock County

 McLennan County

 Harris County

 Harrison County

 Hays County

 Hidalgo County

 Galveston County

 Grayson County

 Gregg County

 Guadalupe County

 Denton County

 Ector County

 El Paso County

 Fort Bend County

 Chambers County

 Collin County

 Comal County

 Dallas County

 Brazos County

 Caldwell County

 Cameron County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. 

White

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White

Appendix D-13
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

1,384 459 431 28 53 2,355 1.39 3.40 2.88 2.44 1.75 1.78

3,149 2,224 458 36 78 5,944 1.67 4.92 3.13 3.37 1.52 2.34

27,343 5,941 1,878 2,598 1,866 39,626 1.38 4.51 7.83 6.62 2.93 1.76

1,699 491 390 56 137 2,774 0.76 4.23 8.95 3.12 2.10 1.12

6,463 2,752 1,045 310 867 11,437 0.84 4.19 8.39 3.12 2.36 1.28

8,749 667 18 162 414 10,010 2.57 4.61 2.36 4.94 5.00 2.73

1,242 704 384 53 88 2,470 0.75 4.28 7.96 2.87 2.12 1.28

6,317 331 121 62 229 7,059 1.04 5.96 3.63 3.25 3.75 1.13

1,213 76 59 14 131 1,492 0.84 4.27 3.86 3.21 4.54 0.98

70,901 17,180 56,457 542 4,915 149,995 1.38 6.84 3.83 2.84 1.81 2.10

1,005 2,979 1,079 32 835 5,930 0.92 8.64 5.02 3.85 4.53 3.21

201 0 26 1 5 233 1.24 0.00 2.15 7.37 4.31 1.32

615 34 313 1 99 1,062 2.25 5.64 3.25 2.77 7.43 2.73

272 10 630 2 -1 914 0.91 4.05 3.03 2.94 -0.26 1.78

362 46 186 1 17 611 2.24 6.19 3.20 3.81 4.81 2.65

1,137 191 2,559 7 80 3,973 1.56 6.18 4.12 1.62 2.24 2.79

673 13 564 5 27 1,282 1.48 2.54 2.82 3.91 3.75 1.91

1,725 423 3,436 23 166 5,772 1.68 7.22 4.84 3.13 2.56 3.09

1,661 322 4,307 25 269 6,585 1.63 6.09 4.49 2.76 3.19 3.10

50 13 671 0 1 735 0.62 4.59 2.57 0.00 0.30 2.11

596 91 2,214 10 27 2,936 1.31 7.06 4.19 3.21 2.28 2.91

741 123 4,927 10 137 5,937 0.98 7.22 4.18 2.08 5.49 2.99

843 32 725 5 42 1,647 1.27 4.00 2.69 2.62 3.98 1.73

366 14 1,326 6 1 1,713 1.11 4.05 3.94 3.72 0.23 2.53

5,921 1,100 3,325 57 244 10,648 1.78 6.39 4.53 3.30 0.83 2.34

64,320 20,793 15,896 5,845 8,327 115,181 1.30 6.13 7.61 5.16 2.27 1.93

2,215 929 55 36 90 3,325 1.83 5.89 3.35 2.84 2.11 2.30

3,363 611 496 77 260 4,808 1.04 4.96 8.84 2.03 2.07 1.35

399 1,219 69 18 76 1,782 1.53 6.55 3.42 4.14 4.91 3.66

12,768 2,772 8,429 530 4,075 28,575 0.96 4.57 8.22 2.52 2.11 1.68

3,938 417 199 230 306 5,090 1.86 4.48 3.03 4.96 1.93 2.06

5,759 1,339 4,805 346 1,401 13,648 1.03 4.61 8.38 3.18 2.73 1.93

5,723 987 782 389 489 8,370 1.03 4.87 8.44 4.06 1.49 1.33

3,945 532 545 158 359 5,539 1.02 4.64 7.50 2.22 3.18 1.30

3,328 440 148 159 241 4,315 1.77 5.19 3.32 4.29 2.03 1.99

2,992 495 25 489 160 4,161 2.00 7.08 2.59 8.28 3.55 2.47

2,350 4,370 135 1,223 156 8,234 1.68 6.62 3.68 8.91 3.50 3.62

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Footnotes at end of table.

Washington

Virginia

Vermont

Utah

Texas, continued

 Thurston County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

State, Center County

Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

 Whatcom County

 Yakima County

 Kitsap County

 Pierce County

 Snohomish County

 Spokane County

 Benton County

 Clark County

 Franklin County

 King County

 Richmond city

 Roanoke city

 Suffolk city

 Virginia Beach city

 Newport News city

 Norfolk city

 Petersburg city

 Portsmouth city

 Danville city

 Fredericksburg city

 Hampton city

 Lynchburg city

 Chittenden County

 Arlington County

 Bristol city

 Charlottesville city

 Davis County

 Salt Lake County

 Utah County

 Weber County

 Wichita County

 Williamson County

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount

Appendix D-14
Nonhispanic Hispanic Nonhispanic Hispanic

22,746 652 1,658 58 300 25,414 1.28 5.58 2.77 2.25 2.57 1.36

281 5 7 1 3 296 1.08 4.43 2.78 3.26 3.35 1.12

1,204 23 99 2 27 1,355 1.33 4.00 2.45 1.70 3.40 1.41

334 6 19 0 0 360 1.01 2.39 2.06 0.00 0.00 1.04

2,210 52 402 7 28 2,699 1.17 4.49 2.83 2.35 1.43 1.31

349 11 2 2 2 367 0.99 3.76 1.34 5.66 1.34 1.02

507 11 2 2 3 525 1.19 6.51 4.89 2.59 4.12 1.22

954 15 20 2 7 999 1.10 4.64 2.36 1.46 1.32 1.12

10,139 4,756 15,166 2,487 5,042 37,590 0.21 3.80 4.44 4.92 4.79 0.70

421 88 33 220 331 1,093 0.20 4.44 2.14 4.28 6.00 0.49

26 5 2 2 -5 31 0.07 1.96 3.31 1.15 -1.12 0.08

31 14 2 3 20 69 0.06 5.38 3.10 1.76 3.52 0.13

1,883 521 722 9 1,181 4,316 0.47 5.64 3.85 0.54 6.45 0.97

39 10 3 9 20 81 0.09 3.42 1.14 0.92 4.00 0.19

310 24 12 7 295 650 0.36 4.04 3.25 1.33 6.99 0.71

218 385 346 4 27 980 0.17 4.23 3.78 0.64 1.87 0.66

334 20 26 7 347 734 0.34 2.73 3.75 1.84 6.52 0.70

58 24 12 6 296 395 0.05 3.91 5.29 1.04 5.93 0.31

3,397 1,364 12,358 150 1,126 18,395 0.57 2.72 4.80 1.95 4.44 1.97

237 76 21 227 239 800 0.16 5.02 5.07 8.10 5.69 0.50

155 498 961 8 33 1,655 0.10 3.88 3.49 1.13 1.62 0.86

281 112 352 1 60 806 0.20 4.23 3.21 0.16 2.97 0.52

137 121 18 7 239 522 0.13 4.88 2.08 1.34 5.65 0.46

97 46 6 5 13 166 0.08 3.77 2.34 1.73 1.57 0.14

630 127 52 6 25 840 0.18 1.40 2.55 0.59 0.42 0.23

383 67 31 9 175 665 0.26 3.90 2.23 0.99 4.98 0.44

8,599 1,372 179 1,214 150 11,515 1.80 4.14 3.18 8.67 2.78 2.15

1,310 320 109 21 44 1,804 1.79 3.28 3.26 2.38 2.54 2.03

1,088 87 25 12 7 1,220 1.67 3.17 3.41 2.05 1.23 1.75

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

1

 Undercount as a percent of adjusted population projections.

Wyoming

Wisconsin

West Virginia

 Natrona County

 Washington County

 Waukesha County

Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued

 Winnebago County

 Laramie County

 Outagamie County

 Racine County

 Rock County

 Sheboygan County

 Kenosha County

 La Crosse County

 Marathon County

 Milwaukee County

 Chippewa County

 Dane County

 Douglas County

 Eau Claire County

 Wayne County

 Wood County

 Brown County

 Calumet County

 Cabell County

 Hancock County

 Kanawha County

 Marshall County

 Brooke County

State, Center County

Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1

White White Black American 

Indian 

 Asian/ 

Pacific Is. Total Black American 

Indian 

Appendix D-15
Appendix E: Federal Program Descriptions
Appendix E-1 

Federal Program Descriptions 

The federal programs analyzed in the report are summarized below. Additional 

information, such as the formulas used to allocate funds to states, is available from 

the General Accounting Office report.1 The total effect on the eight federal programs 

analyzed appears in Table F-1 in Appendix F. 

1. Adoption Assistance 

The Adoption Assistance program supports the adoption of children with special 

needs. Specifically, the program provides maintenance payments to the families 

adopting the qualifying children, payments to state agencies for the administrative 

costs involved with placing the children in adoptive homes, and payments for training 

professional staff and parents involved in the adoptions. States determine which 

children qualify for the assistance; in general, children with special circumstances that 

make their adoption less likely, such as a mental or physical handicap, are eligible for 

the program. 

The federal government provides a specified percentage of the payments made to the 

qualifying families, and states provide the remainder. Administrative and training 

expenses are matched at the same rate in all states (50 percent and 75 percent, 

respectively). The federal government reimburses maintenance payments based on a 

state-specific percentage that depends on each state’s per capita income. This 

percentage, the Federal medical assistance percentage (FMAP), ranges from 50 

percent to 83 percent and also determines reimbursement rates under the Medicaid 

program. 

To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount on the Adoption Assistance funding 

received by each state, the FMAP for each state was calculated using adjusted and 

unadjusted per capita income, which relied on adjusted and unadjusted population 

counts. Adjusted and unadjusted funding levels by state were produced by 

calculating the product of the FMAP (adjusted or unadjusted) and the maintenance 

payments.2

 Table F-2 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 

2000 undercount on this program. 

 

1

 General Accounting Office, Formula Grants: Effects of Adjusted Population Counts on Federal 

Funding to States, GAO/HEHS-99-69, February 1999. The formula used to allocate the Vocational 

Education differs slightly from that presented in the GAO report. See the listing for the program in the 

Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA# 84.048). 

2

 Administrative and training expenses would not be affected by the undercount since those expenses 

are matched at rates that do not depend on population counts. 
Appendix E-2 

2. Child Care and Development Fund Discretionary Funds 

 (formerly the Child Care and Development Block Grant) 

This program provides funding to assist low-income families with child care and to 

improve the availability and quality of child care. States establish programs with the 

funds subject to certain Federal restrictions. For instance, to qualify for services 

under the program, children must be from families that earn less than 85 percent of 

the state median income. 

The program allocates funding amounts to states based on a formula that includes the 

state population under 5 years old, the number of children qualifying for the School 

Lunch program, and the state per capita income. To calculate the effect of the 2000 

undercount on the funding received by each state, adjusted and unadjusted population 

(under 5 and overall) figures were used in the formula to calculate adjusted and 

unadjusted state shares. Multiplying these shares by the total funding level for the 

program yielded the adjusted and unadjusted state funding levels. Table F-3 in 

Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on this 

program. 

3. Foster Care 

The Foster Care program supports families and facilities that provide homes to needy 

foster children. The program provides funding for maintenance payments to the 

homes hosting the children, payments to the state agencies for administrative costs, 

and payments to state and local agencies for training expenses. Any foster child that 

would have qualified for the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) 

program, as in effect in 1995, qualifies for Foster Care payments, which are made to 

the foster care family home, private child care facility, or public child care institution 

(with more than 25 people). The maintenance payments are intended to cover the 

costs associated with raising a child, such as expenses for food, shelter, and 

supervision. 

Similar to the Adoption Assistance program, administrative and training expenses are 

matched at the same rate in all states (50 percent and 75 percent, respectively). The 

federal government reimburses maintenance payments based on the FMAP. 

To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount on the Foster Care funding received by 

each state, the FMAP for each state was calculated using adjusted and unadjusted per 

capita income, which relied on adjusted and unadjusted population counts. Adjusted 

and unadjusted funding levels by state were produced by calculating the product of 

the FMAP (adjusted or unadjusted) and the maintenance payments. Table F-4 in 

Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on this 

program. 
Appendix E-3 

4. Medicaid 

The Medicaid program provides medical assistance to certain low-income 

individuals. States design and administer their own programs, subject to Federal 

regulations, and receive reimbursements from the Federal government for their 

expenses. In general, low-income children and pregnant women, adults in families 

with dependent children, low-income persons with disabilities, and low-income 

elderly persons qualify for the program. The program covers expenses for medical 

assistance such as inpatient and outpatient hospital care, laboratory and x-ray 

services, and physician services. 

Administrative expenses, amounts for family planning, and amounts paid to Indian 

Health Services facilities are matched at the same rate in all states (50 percent, 90 

percent, and 75 percent, respectively). Medical assistance payments (i.e., payments 

for care) are matched based on the FMAP. 

To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount on the Foster Care funding received by 

each state, the FMAP for each state was calculated using adjusted and unadjusted per 

capita income, which relied on adjusted and unadjusted population counts. Adjusted 

and unadjusted funding levels by state were produced by calculating the product of 

the FMAP (adjusted or unadjusted) and the medical assistance payments. Table F-5 

in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on 

this program. 

5. Rehabilitation Services, Basic Grants 

This program provides vocational rehabilitation to disabled individuals and their 

families. Specifically, individuals with physical or mental impairments receive 

services such as reader services for the blind, interpreter services for the deaf, 

prosthetic devices, job placement, and transportation to vocational rehabilitation 

facilities. States administer independent programs, subject to Federal guidelines, and 

receive grants annually from the Federal government. 

The program allocates funding to states based on a formula that considers the amount 

received by the state in 1978, state population, and per capita income. To calculate 

the effect of the 2000 undercount, state shares were calculated using adjusted and 

unadjusted state and national population figures. Adjusted and unadjusted state 

funding levels were calculated by multiplying the state shares (adjusted and 

unadjusted) by the total funding for the program. States are guaranteed to receive at 

least one-third of one percent of the total appropriation; state funding levels (adjusted 

and unadjusted) were adjusted to conform to this restriction. Table F-6 in Appendix 

F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on this program. 
Appendix E-4 

6. Social Services Block Grant 

This program provides grants to states for providing social services. States determine 

the use of the funds at their own discretion but must use the funds towards one of five 

goals: (1) to prevent, reduce, or eliminate dependency; (2) to achieve or maintain 

self-sufficiency; (3) to prevent neglect, abuse, or exploitation of children and adults; 

(4) to prevent or reduce inappropriate institutional care; and (5) to secure admission 

or referral for institutional care when other forms of care are inappropriate.3

 In the 

past, states have used the funds for child day care, protective and emergency services 

for children and adults, adoption, foster care, and counseling. 

States receive allotments under the program based on a formula that relies on the 

state’s share of the national population. To calculate the effect of the 2000 

undercount, state shares were calculated using adjusted and unadjusted state and 

national population figures. Adjusted and unadjusted state funding levels were 

calculated by multiplying the state shares (adjusted and unadjusted) by the total 

funding for the program. Table F-7 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect 

of the Census 2000 undercount on this program. 

7. Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant 

This program provides grants to states for the prevention and treatment of drug and 

alcohol abuse. Subject to certain federal restrictions, states design and implement 

programs to reduce drug and alcohol abuse and provide rehabilitation to individuals 

with drug and alcohol problems. 

States receive allocations under the program based on a formula that depends on the 

population aged 18 to 24, population aged 25 to 64, urban population aged 18 to 24, 

per capita income, and a cost index. The cost index, which is recalculated every three 

years, consists of a wage component and a measure of average rental prices for 

housing. 

To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount, state shares were calculated using 

adjusted and unadjusted state and national population figures (the cost index and 

urban share of population were assumed to remain constant). Adjusted and 

unadjusted state funding levels were calculated by multiplying the state shares 

(adjusted and unadjusted) by the total funding for the program. After the calculation 

of these funding levels, additional adjustments were made to guarantee that each state 

received a minimum share of the increase in the national funding level and a 

minimum share of the national funding level, as is standard practice under current 

 

3

 As described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA), General Services 

Administration. 
Appendix E-5 

law.4 Table F-8 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 

undercount on this program. 

8. Vocational Education 

This program provides grants to states for vocational education programs for youths 

and adults. State programs offer courses to prepare individuals for employment in 

occupations not requiring a baccalaureate or an advanced degree. States use the funds 

provided by this program for a variety of activities, including purchasing 

occupationally-relevant equipment and curriculum materials, providing career 

counseling and guidance, hiring staff, and offering remedial classes. 

The formula used to allot the funding amount to states depends on the population 

aged 15 to 19, population aged 20 to 24, population aged 25 to 65, and per capita 

income. To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount, state shares were calculated 

using adjusted and unadjusted state and national population figures. Adjusted and 

unadjusted state funding levels were calculated by multiplying the state shares 

(adjusted and unadjusted) by the total funding for the program. Current law contains 

a “hold-harmless” provision to guarantee that the amount a state receives in the 

current year always exceeds the amount received in the prior year (assuming the 

national funding level rises). State funding levels were adjusted to ensure that this 

provision was satisfied. Table F-9 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of 

the Census 2000 undercount on this program. 

 

4

 Specifically, the guaranteed increases used for 1999 funding levels have been used for future years. 

The actual rules governing minimum increases and shares of the national total have varied by year; we 

have assumed the 1999 rules continue to apply since newer rules are unavailable. 
Appendix F: Estimated Funding Effect by State by Program 
Alabama -32 -138 -153 -170 -189 -210 -2,254

Alaska -36 -1,512 -1,631 -1,765 -1,913 -2,071 -21,953

Arizona -929 -14,446 -15,518 -16,726 -18,059 -19,477 -205,773

Arkansas 6 268 286 305 326 349 3,663

California -12,268 -350,915 -377,762 -407,988 -441,361 -476,885 -5,047,786

Colorado -352 -504 -513 -523 -532 -542 -5,409

Connecticut 356 588 596 605 614 623 6,247

Delaware -35 -36 -36 -37 -37 -38 -379

District of Columbia -192 -195 -198 -201 -204 -207 -2,058

Florida -1,631 -35,467 -38,164 -41,207 -44,568 -48,145 -509,280

Georgia -1,130 -19,016 -20,445 -22,057 -23,837 -25,731 -271,962

Hawaii -42 -1,408 -1,516 -1,638 -1,773 -1,917 -20,287

Idaho -78 -2,028 -2,181 -2,354 -2,545 -2,747 -29,053

Illinois 2,286 3,042 3,097 3,154 3,212 3,272 32,636

Indiana 2,118 37,020 39,799 42,929 46,387 50,066 529,252

Iowa 1,086 19,835 21,342 23,039 24,915 26,910 284,721

Kansas 858 12,822 13,776 14,852 16,039 17,303 182,786

Kentucky 159 3,669 3,942 4,249 4,589 4,950 52,303

Louisiana -528 -12,765 -13,740 -14,841 -16,056 -17,350 -183,560

Maine 374 10,598 11,415 12,336 13,352 14,435 152,821

Maryland -680 -814 -828 -843 -858 -874 -8,700

Massachusetts 1,586 2,063 2,100 2,138 2,176 2,216 22,098

Michigan 3,104 77,268 83,255 89,992 97,444 105,373 1,116,520

Minnesota 1,589 46,373 49,918 53,916 58,330 63,028 666,954

Mississippi -273 -4,347 -4,674 -5,044 -5,451 -5,885 -62,190

Missouri 1,749 46,546 50,089 54,087 58,501 63,199 668,527

Montana -164 -1,776 -1,906 -2,053 -2,215 -2,388 -25,194

Nebraska 518 11,926 12,832 13,854 14,983 16,185 171,196

Nevada -339 -1,664 -1,767 -1,881 -2,006 -2,140 -22,365

New Hampshire 287 292 297 302 307 313 3,105

New Jersey 1,588 2,247 2,287 2,327 2,369 2,411 24,082

New Mexico -595 -11,131 -11,965 -12,906 -13,945 -15,050 -159,075

New York 141 -161 -164 -167 -170 -173 -1,785

North Carolina -376 -9,111 -9,810 -10,600 -11,472 -12,401 -131,225

North Dakota 170 2,804 3,015 3,253 3,515 3,795 40,114

Ohio 3,273 86,329 92,904 100,318 108,504 117,217 1,240,121

Oklahoma -79 -983 -1,059 -1,145 -1,240 -1,342 -14,198

Oregon -148 -3,924 -4,224 -4,562 -4,936 -5,333 -56,449

Pennsylvania 4,333 160,794 173,147 187,072 202,444 218,809 2,316,212

Rhode Island 364 17,179 18,519 20,032 21,704 23,484 248,793

South Carolina -288 -5,705 -6,139 -6,628 -7,168 -7,743 -81,885

South Dakota 164 2,236 2,403 2,591 2,799 3,020 31,901

Tennessee -61 -1,103 -1,192 -1,293 -1,405 -1,525 -16,173

Texas -7,016 -133,796 -143,828 -155,143 -167,634 -180,927 -1,912,193

Utah 261 119 114 108 101 93 800

Vermont 111 3,094 3,333 3,603 3,901 4,218 44,672

Virginia -670 -12,343 -13,272 -14,321 -15,479 -16,711 -176,651

Washington -228 -8,678 -9,345 -10,099 -10,931 -11,817 -125,096

West Virginia 181 3,844 4,132 4,456 4,815 5,196 54,911

Wisconsin 1,553 34,039 36,630 39,549 42,774 46,206 488,887

Wyoming -50 -858 -923 -996 -1,076 -1,162 -12,276

Total, United States 0 -49,829 -53,728 -58,119 -62,960 -68,117 -721,888

 Funding Gains 28,710 586,149 630,413 680,285 735,355 793,961 8,396,305

 Funding Losses -28,710 -635,978 -684,141 -738,404 -798,315 -862,078 -9,118,193

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Table F-1. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State on Eight Federal Programs,

FY 2002-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2002-2012

Appendix F-1
Alabama -* -* -* -* -* -1 -3

Alaska -27 -31 -36 -41 -46 -180 -522

Arizona -141 -162 -185 -212 -240 -941 -2,723

Arkansas 1 1 1 1 1 6 17

California -3,847 -4,439 -5,072 -5,807 -6,582 -25,748 -74,530

Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Delaware 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida -256 -296 -338 -387 -438 -1,715 -4,965

Georgia -114 -131 -150 -171 -194 -760 -2,199

Hawaii -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -69 -201

Idaho -7 -8 -9 -11 -12 -48 -139

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Indiana 386 445 509 583 660 2,583 7,476

Iowa 354 408 466 534 605 2,367 6,852

Kansas 107 124 141 162 184 718 2,079

Kentucky 10 11 13 15 17 65 188

Louisiana -54 -62 -71 -81 -92 -359 -1,040

Maine 91 105 120 137 155 607 1,757

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Michigan 1,977 2,281 2,606 2,984 3,382 13,230 38,295

Minnesota 266 307 351 401 455 1,780 5,151

Mississippi -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -36 -103

Missouri 192 222 254 291 329 1,288 3,729

Montana -9 -10 -11 -13 -15 -58 -167

Nebraska 85 99 113 129 146 572 1,656

Nevada -4 -5 -6 -6 -7 -29 -83

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Jersey 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Mexico -85 -98 -112 -129 -146 -571 -1,652

New York 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Carolina -38 -44 -50 -57 -65 -255 -737

North Dakota 13 15 17 20 22 87 251

Ohio 558 644 736 843 956 3,738 10,819

Oklahoma -8 -9 -10 -12 -13 -51 -148

Oregon -49 -57 -65 -74 -84 -328 -949

Pennsylvania 842 971 1,110 1,270 1,440 5,633 16,305

Rhode Island 138 159 182 208 236 922 2,669

South Carolina -16 -18 -21 -24 -27 -106 -306

South Dakota 11 12 14 16 19 72 210

Tennessee -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -17 -48

Texas -684 -789 -902 -1,033 -1,170 -4,578 -13,253

Utah -1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -7 -20

Vermont 37 43 49 57 64 251 726

Virginia -56 -65 -74 -85 -96 -375 -1,086

Washington -50 -57 -66 -75 -85 -333 -963

West Virginia 4 5 6 7 7 29 85

Wisconsin 424 490 560 641 726 2,841 8,222

Wyoming -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -8 -22

Total, United States 32 37 43 49 56 217 629

 Funding Gains 5,497 6,342 7,247 8,297 9,405 36,788 106,488

 Funding Losses -5,464 -6,305 -7,204 -8,248 -9,349 -36,570 -105,858

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

Table F-2. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Adoption Assistance,

FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003-2007 2003-2012

Appendix F-2
Alabama -41 -42 -43 -44 -45 -215 -454

Alaska 4 4 4 4 4 19 39

Arizona -224 -229 -234 -239 -244 -1,171 -2,469

Arkansas -18 -18 -18 -19 -19 -92 -194

California -2,305 -2,355 -2,402 -2,453 -2,504 -12,018 -25,350

Colorado -37 -38 -39 -40 -40 -194 -409

Connecticut 80 82 84 86 87 419 884

Delaware -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -50 -105

District of Columbia -17 -17 -18 -18 -19 -89 -187

Florida -515 -527 -537 -548 -560 -2,688 -5,669

Georgia -323 -330 -337 -344 -351 -1,684 -3,552

Hawaii -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -9 -19

Idaho -4 -4 -4 -5 -5 -22 -47

Illinois 563 576 587 600 612 2,938 6,197

Indiana 495 506 516 527 538 2,583 5,448

Iowa 260 266 271 277 283 1,356 2,861

Kansas 197 201 205 209 214 1,026 2,163

Kentucky -* -* -* -* -* -2 -5

Louisiana -88 -90 -92 -94 -96 -461 -973

Maine 87 89 91 93 95 456 961

Maryland -148 -152 -155 -158 -161 -774 -1,632

Massachusetts 328 336 342 350 357 1,713 3,613

Michigan 601 614 626 639 653 3,133 6,607

Minnesota 356 364 372 379 387 1,859 3,921

Mississippi -56 -57 -58 -59 -61 -291 -613

Missouri 415 424 433 442 451 2,165 4,567

Montana -14 -14 -14 -15 -15 -72 -151

Nebraska 135 137 140 143 146 702 1,480

Nevada -58 -59 -60 -61 -63 -300 -633

New Hampshire 63 64 66 67 68 329 693

New Jersey 184 188 192 196 200 961 2,027

New Mexico -32 -32 -33 -34 -35 -166 -349

New York 230 235 239 244 250 1,198 2,526

North Carolina -132 -135 -138 -141 -143 -689 -1,453

North Dakota 23 24 24 25 25 120 254

Ohio 717 732 747 763 779 3,738 7,885

Oklahoma -27 -28 -28 -29 -30 -142 -300

Oregon -14 -14 -15 -15 -15 -73 -154

Pennsylvania 813 830 847 865 883 4,238 8,939

Rhode Island 78 80 81 83 85 406 856

South Carolina -59 -61 -62 -63 -64 -309 -652

South Dakota 45 46 47 48 49 234 493

Tennessee -51 -52 -53 -55 -56 -267 -564

Texas -1,760 -1,798 -1,834 -1,873 -1,912 -9,178 -19,359

Utah 69 71 72 74 75 362 764

Vermont 28 29 30 30 31 148 313

Virginia -164 -167 -171 -174 -178 -854 -1,801

Washington -16 -16 -17 -17 -17 -84 -177

West Virginia 12 13 13 13 13 65 136

Wisconsin 339 346 353 361 368 1,767 3,728

Wyoming -8 -8 -8 -8 -8 -40 -84

Total, United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Funding Gains 6,123 6,256 6,383 6,517 6,653 31,932 67,354

 Funding Losses -6,123 -6,256 -6,383 -6,517 -6,653 -31,932 -67,354

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

2002-2011

Table F-3. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Child Care and Development Block 

Grant, FY 2002-2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002-2006

Appendix F-3
Alabama -* -* -1 -1 -1 -3 -7

Alaska -32 -35 -37 -40 -43 -187 -455

Arizona -367 -395 -424 -456 -490 -2,132 -5,197

Arkansas 2 2 2 3 3 12 29

California -18,182 -19,534 -21,000 -22,584 -24,282 -105,582 -257,329

Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Delaware 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida -421 -452 -486 -523 -562 -2,443 -5,955

Georgia -185 -199 -213 -230 -247 -1,073 -2,616

Hawaii -17 -18 -19 -21 -22 -96 -235

Idaho -9 -9 -10 -11 -12 -51 -124

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Indiana 572 614 660 710 763 3,319 8,090

Iowa 277 298 320 345 370 1,611 3,926

Kansas 112 121 130 140 150 653 1,592

Kentucky 62 67 72 77 83 360 878

Louisiana -186 -200 -214 -231 -248 -1,078 -2,628

Maine 411 442 475 511 549 2,387 5,818

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Michigan 1,940 2,085 2,241 2,410 2,591 11,268 27,463

Minnesota 1,351 1,451 1,560 1,678 1,804 7,844 19,119

Mississippi -28 -30 -32 -34 -37 -160 -391

Missouri 786 844 907 976 1,049 4,562 11,119

Montana -33 -36 -38 -41 -44 -192 -469

Nebraska 180 193 208 223 240 1,045 2,546

Nevada -21 -23 -25 -26 -28 -124 -302

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Jersey 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Mexico -54 -58 -63 -68 -73 -316 -771

New York 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Carolina -140 -150 -162 -174 -187 -813 -1,981

North Dakota 40 43 47 50 54 235 572

Ohio 2,237 2,404 2,584 2,779 2,988 12,992 31,664

Oklahoma -14 -15 -17 -18 -19 -84 -204

Oregon -67 -72 -77 -83 -90 -389 -949

Pennsylvania 7,024 7,547 8,113 8,725 9,381 40,790 99,415

Rhode Island 205 220 237 255 274 1,191 2,902

South Carolina -35 -38 -41 -44 -47 -205 -500

South Dakota 16 17 18 19 21 90 219

Tennessee -10 -10 -11 -12 -13 -56 -135

Texas -1,418 -1,524 -1,638 -1,762 -1,894 -8,237 -20,075

Utah -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -12 -29

Vermont 82 88 95 102 110 477 1,162

Virginia -98 -105 -113 -122 -131 -570 -1,389

Washington -64 -69 -74 -80 -86 -372 -907

West Virginia 64 68 73 79 85 369 900

Wisconsin 618 664 713 767 825 3,587 8,741

Wyoming -18 -20 -21 -23 -24 -106 -258

Total, United States -5,423 -5,826 -6,263 -6,736 -7,242 -31,490 -76,749

 Funding Gains 15,979 17,167 18,456 19,848 21,340 92,791 226,154

 Funding Losses -21,402 -22,993 -24,719 -26,584 -28,583 -124,281 -302,903

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

2003-2012

Table F-4. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Foster Care,

FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003-2007

Appendix F-4
Alabama -211 -228 -247 -268 -290 -1,244 -3,073

Alaska -1,417 -1,529 -1,655 -1,795 -1,943 -8,339 -20,594

Arizona -12,707 -13,708 -14,840 -16,091 -17,423 -74,769 -184,655

Arkansas 199 214 232 252 273 1,170 2,889

California -312,177 -336,772 -364,583 -395,315 -428,037 -1,836,884 -4,536,496

Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Delaware 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida -32,923 -35,517 -38,450 -41,691 -45,142 -193,724 -478,435

Georgia -17,457 -18,833 -20,388 -22,107 -23,936 -102,721 -253,688

Hawaii -1,323 -1,427 -1,545 -1,675 -1,814 -7,784 -19,225

Idaho -1,895 -2,044 -2,213 -2,399 -2,598 -11,148 -27,533

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Indiana 33,338 35,965 38,935 42,217 45,711 196,167 484,467

Iowa 17,860 19,267 20,858 22,616 24,488 105,089 259,534

Kansas 11,547 12,456 13,485 14,622 15,832 67,941 167,793

Kentucky 3,321 3,582 3,878 4,205 4,553 19,539 48,255

Louisiana -11,978 -12,922 -13,989 -15,168 -16,424 -70,481 -174,065

Maine 9,716 10,481 11,347 12,303 13,322 57,170 141,190

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Michigan 69,361 74,826 81,005 87,833 95,103 408,128 1,007,942

Minnesota 42,736 46,103 49,911 54,118 58,597 251,465 621,036

Mississippi -4,059 -4,379 -4,741 -5,140 -5,566 -23,884 -58,986

Missouri 43,333 46,747 50,608 54,874 59,416 254,977 629,710

Montana -1,568 -1,691 -1,831 -1,985 -2,149 -9,224 -22,781

Nebraska 11,017 11,885 12,866 13,951 15,106 64,825 160,095

Nevada -1,155 -1,246 -1,349 -1,463 -1,584 -6,799 -16,791

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Jersey 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Mexico -10,184 -10,987 -11,894 -12,896 -13,964 -59,925 -147,994

New York 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Carolina -8,602 -9,279 -10,046 -10,892 -11,794 -50,613 -124,997

North Dakota 2,577 2,780 3,009 3,263 3,533 15,163 37,446

Ohio 79,263 85,507 92,569 100,371 108,680 466,389 1,151,828

Oklahoma -935 -1,009 -1,092 -1,184 -1,282 -5,503 -13,590

Oregon -3,601 -3,885 -4,206 -4,560 -4,938 -21,190 -52,332

Pennsylvania 147,197 158,793 171,907 186,398 201,826 866,121 2,139,033

Rhode Island 16,466 17,763 19,230 20,851 22,577 96,887 239,279

South Carolina -5,376 -5,800 -6,279 -6,808 -7,371 -31,633 -78,124

South Dakota 2,043 2,204 2,386 2,587 2,802 12,023 29,693

Tennessee -1,136 -1,225 -1,327 -1,438 -1,557 -6,683 -16,506

Texas -122,521 -132,174 -143,089 -155,151 -167,993 -720,928 -1,780,453

Utah -124 -133 -144 -156 -169 -727 -1,795

Vermont 2,861 3,087 3,341 3,623 3,923 16,835 41,578

Virginia -11,424 -12,324 -13,342 -14,467 -15,664 -67,221 -166,014

Washington -8,244 -8,893 -9,628 -10,439 -11,303 -48,508 -119,798

West Virginia 3,528 3,806 4,120 4,467 4,837 20,757 51,264

Wisconsin 31,006 33,449 36,212 39,264 42,514 182,445 450,580

Wyoming -788 -850 -921 -998 -1,081 -4,639 -11,456

Total, United States -44,438 -47,939 -51,898 -56,273 -60,931 -261,480 -645,768

 Funding Gains 527,369 568,917 615,899 667,815 723,093 3,103,092 7,663,613

 Funding Losses -571,807 -616,856 -667,797 -724,088 -784,024 -3,364,572 -8,309,382

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

2003-2012

Table F-5. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Medicaid,

FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003-2007

Appendix F-5
Alabama 11 11 11 12 12 57 120

Alaska -27 -28 -29 -29 -30 -143 -304

Arizona -561 -573 -587 -600 -614 -2,935 -6,223

Arkansas 20 20 21 21 22 104 220

California -6,345 -6,490 -6,641 -6,793 -6,950 -33,219 -70,440

Colorado -219 -224 -230 -235 -240 -1,148 -2,434

Connecticut 91 93 95 97 99 475 1,007

Delaware -16 -16 -17 -17 -18 -84 -179

District of Columbia -112 -115 -117 -120 -123 -587 -1,245

Florida -942 -964 -986 -1,009 -1,032 -4,934 -10,462

Georgia -571 -584 -597 -611 -625 -2,988 -6,337

Hawaii -28 -29 -29 -30 -31 -146 -311

Idaho -95 -98 -100 -102 -105 -500 -1,059

Illinois 1,215 1,243 1,271 1,301 1,330 6,360 13,486

Indiana 1,166 1,193 1,220 1,249 1,277 6,105 12,946

Iowa 594 608 622 636 651 3,110 6,595

Kansas 410 419 429 439 449 2,147 4,552

Kentucky 119 122 125 127 130 623 1,321

Louisiana -314 -322 -329 -337 -344 -1,646 -3,490

Maine 207 212 217 222 227 1,085 2,301

Maryland -368 -377 -386 -394 -403 -1,929 -4,090

Massachusetts 865 885 905 926 947 4,528 9,602

Michigan 1,542 1,577 1,614 1,651 1,689 8,072 17,117

Minnesota 873 893 914 935 956 4,571 9,692

Mississippi -155 -159 -163 -166 -170 -813 -1,725

Missouri 957 979 1,002 1,025 1,048 5,012 10,627

Montana -86 -88 -90 -92 -94 -451 -955

Nebraska 275 281 288 295 301 1,440 3,054

Nevada -203 -208 -212 -217 -222 -1,062 -2,253

New Hampshire 158 161 165 169 173 825 1,749

New Jersey 958 980 1,003 1,026 1,050 5,017 10,639

New Mexico -407 -417 -426 -436 -446 -2,132 -4,520

New York -54 -55 -56 -58 -59 -281 -597

North Carolina -169 -173 -177 -181 -185 -886 -1,878

North Dakota 107 109 112 115 117 560 1,187

Ohio 1,831 1,872 1,916 1,960 2,005 9,584 20,322

Oklahoma -35 -36 -36 -37 -38 -182 -386

Oregon -94 -96 -98 -100 -103 -491 -1,041

Pennsylvania 2,500 2,557 2,617 2,677 2,738 13,089 27,755

Rhode Island 203 208 213 218 223 1,065 2,257

South Carolina -162 -165 -169 -173 -177 -847 -1,796

South Dakota 86 88 91 93 95 453 960

Tennessee -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -16 -33

Texas -3,745 -3,831 -3,920 -4,010 -4,102 -19,608 -41,579

Utah 1 1 1 1 1 6 12

Vermont 60 61 62 64 65 312 663

Virginia -354 -362 -371 -379 -388 -1,855 -3,933

Washington -146 -150 -153 -157 -160 -766 -1,623

West Virginia 125 127 130 133 136 652 1,383

Wisconsin 870 890 910 931 953 4,554 9,657

Wyoming -30 -31 -31 -32 -33 -157 -334

Total, United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Funding Gains 15,244 15,592 15,954 16,320 16,696 79,806 169,225

 Funding Losses -15,244 -15,592 -15,954 -16,320 -16,696 -79,806 -169,225

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

Table F-6. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Rehabilitation Services, FY 2002-

2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002-2006 2002-2011

Appendix F-6
Alabama -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -5 -11

Alaska -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -58 -117

Arizona -224 -224 -224 -224 -224 -1,118 -2,236

Arkansas 4 4 4 4 4 21 42

California -2,656 -2,656 -2,656 -2,656 -2,656 -13,279 -26,558

Colorado -95 -95 -95 -95 -95 -477 -954

Connecticut 185 185 185 185 185 924 1,848

Delaware -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -37 -75

District of Columbia -63 -63 -63 -63 -63 -313 -626

Florida -396 -396 -396 -396 -396 -1,979 -3,958

Georgia -236 -236 -236 -236 -236 -1,179 -2,358

Hawaii -13 -13 -13 -13 -13 -63 -125

Idaho -38 -38 -38 -38 -38 -190 -379

Illinois 508 508 508 508 508 2,541 5,082

Indiana 457 457 457 457 457 2,285 4,569

Iowa 232 232 232 232 232 1,161 2,323

Kansas 162 162 162 162 162 809 1,617

Kentucky 41 41 41 41 41 204 408

Louisiana -125 -125 -125 -125 -125 -627 -1,255

Maine 79 79 79 79 79 397 794

Maryland -163 -163 -163 -163 -163 -814 -1,628

Massachusetts 392 392 392 392 392 1,962 3,923

Michigan 619 619 619 619 619 3,094 6,189

Minnesota 360 360 360 360 360 1,800 3,599

Mississippi -62 -62 -62 -62 -62 -309 -617

Missouri 376 376 376 376 376 1,881 3,762

Montana -34 -34 -34 -34 -34 -168 -337

Nebraska 108 108 108 108 108 542 1,083

Nevada -86 -86 -86 -86 -86 -430 -859

New Hampshire 66 66 66 66 66 332 664

New Jersey 446 446 446 446 446 2,229 4,458

New Mexico -156 -156 -156 -156 -156 -778 -1,557

New York -35 -35 -35 -35 -35 -175 -350

North Carolina -75 -75 -75 -75 -75 -374 -747

North Dakota 40 40 40 40 40 201 403

Ohio 725 725 725 725 725 3,627 7,253

Oklahoma -17 -17 -17 -17 -17 -87 -174

Oregon -41 -41 -41 -41 -41 -204 -407

Pennsylvania 1,020 1,020 1,020 1,020 1,020 5,101 10,201

Rhode Island 83 83 83 83 83 414 829

South Carolina -67 -67 -67 -67 -67 -333 -665

South Dakota 33 33 33 33 33 163 325

Tennessee -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -35 -70

Texas -1,510 -1,510 -1,510 -1,510 -1,510 -7,551 -15,103

Utah -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -11 -22

Vermont 23 23 23 23 23 115 230

Virginia -152 -152 -152 -152 -152 -762 -1,524

Washington -66 -66 -66 -66 -66 -328 -656

West Virginia 44 44 44 44 44 222 443

Wisconsin 344 344 344 344 344 1,722 3,444

Wyoming -12 -12 -12 -12 -12 -61 -123

Total, United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Funding Gains 6,349 6,349 6,349 6,349 6,349 31,746 63,491

 Funding Losses -6,349 -6,349 -6,349 -6,349 -6,349 -31,746 -63,491

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

2002-2011

Table F-7. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Social Services Block Grant,

FY 2002-2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002-2006

Appendix F-7
Alabama 107 109 111 113 116 556 1,173

Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Arizona -286 -292 -298 -305 -311 -1,492 -3,147

Arkansas 60 61 62 64 65 312 659

California -4,225 -4,316 -4,407 -4,499 -4,594 -22,040 -46,496

Colorado -147 -150 -153 -156 -159 -764 -1,612

Connecticut 228 233 238 243 248 1,189 2,508

Delaware 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida -208 -212 -217 -221 -226 -1,085 -2,288

Georgia -110 -113 -115 -117 -120 -575 -1,212

Hawaii -16 -16 -16 -17 -17 -81 -172

Idaho -39 -40 -41 -42 -42 -204 -430

Illinois 715 731 746 762 778 3,731 7,871

Indiana 568 581 593 605 618 2,965 6,255

Iowa 239 244 249 254 260 1,246 2,629

Kansas 183 187 190 194 199 953 2,010

Kentucky 114 117 119 122 124 596 1,258

Louisiana -10 -10 -10 -10 -11 -51 -107

Maine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maryland -123 -125 -128 -131 -133 -640 -1,350

Massachusetts 451 460 470 480 490 2,351 4,960

Michigan 831 848 866 884 903 4,332 9,139

Minnesota 403 412 420 429 438 2,103 4,436

Mississippi 22 23 23 24 24 116 245

Missouri 456 465 475 485 495 2,377 5,013

Montana 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nebraska 117 119 122 124 127 608 1,282

Nevada -139 -142 -145 -148 -151 -725 -1,529

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Jersey 632 646 659 673 687 3,298 6,958

New Mexico -203 -207 -211 -216 -220 -1,058 -2,232

New York -306 -312 -319 -326 -332 -1,595 -3,365

North Carolina 52 53 54 55 56 269 568

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ohio 941 961 981 1,002 1,023 4,906 10,350

Oklahoma 55 56 57 58 60 286 604

Oregon -56 -57 -58 -60 -61 -292 -617

Pennsylvania 1,323 1,352 1,380 1,409 1,439 6,904 14,564

Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

South Carolina 14 14 15 15 15 74 156

South Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tennessee 108 110 112 114 117 561 1,183

Texas -2,033 -2,077 -2,120 -2,165 -2,210 -10,605 -22,372

Utah -21 -22 -22 -22 -23 -110 -232

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Virginia -82 -84 -86 -88 -89 -429 -905

Washington -88 -90 -92 -94 -96 -461 -972

West Virginia 64 65 66 68 69 332 700

Wisconsin 410 419 428 437 446 2,140 4,514

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Funding Gains 8,091 8,265 8,438 8,616 8,796 42,206 89,038

 Funding Losses -8,091 -8,265 -8,438 -8,616 -8,796 -42,206 -89,038

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

2003-2012

Table F-8. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Substance Abuse Prevention and 

Treatment Block Grant, FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003-2007

Appendix F-8
Alabama 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Arizona 80 81 83 85 87 416 877

Arkansas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

California -962 -983 -1,003 -1,024 -1,046 -5,019 -10,587

Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Delaware -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -10 -20

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida 223 228 232 237 242 1,162 2,452

Georgia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Idaho 60 61 62 64 65 312 658

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Indiana 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kansas 89 91 93 95 97 465 980

Kentucky 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Louisiana 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Michigan 342 350 357 365 372 1,786 3,768

Minnesota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mississippi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Missouri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Montana -30 -31 -32 -32 -33 -158 -334

Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nevada 8 8 8 8 8 40 84

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Jersey 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Mexico 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New York 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Carolina 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ohio 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Oklahoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Oregon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pennsylvania 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

South Carolina 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

South Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tennessee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Texas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Utah 193 197 201 205 210 1,006 2,122

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Virginia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Washington 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

West Virginia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wisconsin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Funding Gains 994 1,016 1,037 1,059 1,081 5,186 10,941

 Funding Losses -994 -1,016 -1,037 -1,059 -1,081 -5,186 -10,941

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.

2002-2011

Table F-9. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Vocational Education,

FY 2002-2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]

State 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002-2006

Appendix F-9
Appendix G: Estimated Funding Effect by Metropolitan Area 
-60 1,731 1,671 0.2%

-53 -4,270 -4,323 -0.5%

-471 -9,700 -10,171 -0.1%

-26 -1,047 -1,073 -0.3%

-74 3,907 3,833 0.3%

-69 -1,032 -1,101 -0.1%

-71 4,418 4,347 0.4%

-54 4,213 4,159 0.5%

-180 3,643 3,463 0.1%

-278 -11,398 -11,676 -0.3%

-167 -6 -173 0.0%

-83 -2,273 -2,356 -0.2%

-9,361 -12,475 -21,836 -0.8%

-4,958 -20,751 -25,710 -3.5%

-5,900 6,176 276 0.0%

-130,089 86,364 -43,724 -0.2%

-34,160 5,258 -28,902 -0.6%

-5,733 -3,512 -9,245 -1.1%

411 161 572 0.0%

227 4,098 4,325 0.3%

113 -77 36 0.0%

802 -12,332 -11,530 -0.2%

70 -4,279 -4,209 -1.0%

113 -801 -688 -0.1%

57 8 64 0.0%

-98,450 -8,749 -107,199 -2.3%

-29,361 4,042 -25,319 -1.8%

-136,380 -72,873 -209,253 -3.2%

-1,413,905 -422,514 -1,836,419 -2.7%

-30,661 -19,404 -50,066 -3.4%

-66,172 717 -65,455 -2.1%

-358,458 59,136 -299,321 -1.8%

-423,336 127,023 -296,314 -1.5%

-24,951 9,905 -15,046 -1.3%

-489,213 47,745 -441,468 -1.9%

-237,025 79,546 -157,478 -1.4%

-55,729 -18,141 -73,870 -2.8%

-429,818 58,002 -371,816 -1.8%

-258,929 79,039 -179,890 -1.5%

-254,950 66,665 -188,284 -1.6%

-35,575 4,261 -31,314 -1.9%

-59,321 -8,252 -67,572 -2.4%

-36,960 1,485 -35,475 -2.0%

-66,260 13,975 -52,285 -1.7%

-86,035 -13,632 -99,667 -2.4%

-76,505 20,923 -55,582 -1.5%

-112,652 29,583 -83,069 -1.6%

-55,382 -30,433 -85,816 -3.2%

-23,620 -8,029 -31,650 -2.8%

-21,143 -1,397 -22,540 -2.2%

Footnotes at end of table.

 Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA MSA

 Yolo, CA PMSA

 Yuba City, CA MSA

 Santa Rosa, CA PMSA

 Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA

 Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA

 Ventura, CA PMSA

 San Jose, CA PMSA

 San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA MSA

 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA MSA

 Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA PMSA

 Sacramento, CA PMSA

 Salinas, CA MSA

 San Diego, CA MSA

 San Francisco, CA PMSA

 Oakland, CA PMSA

 Orange County, CA PMSA

 Redding, CA MSA

 Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA

 Fresno, CA MSA

 Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA

 Merced, CA MSA

 Modesto, CA MSA

 Pine Bluff, AR MSA

 Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (AR portion)

 Bakersfield, CA MSA

 Chico-Paradise, CA MSA

California

 Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (AR portion)

 Jonesboro, AR MSA

 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA

 Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (AR portion)

 Phoenix-Mesa, AZ MSA

 Tucson, AZ MSA

 Yuma, AZ MSA

 Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA

Arkansas

 Montgomery, AL MSA

 Gadsden, AL MSA

 Huntsville, AL MSA

 Mobile, AL MSA

 Anchorage, AK MSA

 Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (AZ portion)

 Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (AZ portion)

Alaska

Arizona

Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA: Eight Federal Grant Programs, 

FY 2002-2012

 Anniston, AL MSA

 Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA

 Birmingham, AL MSA

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands)

Net Effect

Percent1

 Columbus, GA-AL MSA (AL portion)

 Decatur, AL MSA

 Dothan, AL MSA

 Florence, AL MSA

Alabama

State, MSA

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

 Tuscaloosa, AL MSA

Appendix G-1
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

-361 -3,379 -3,741 -0.3%

-674 -837 -1,511 -0.1%

-2,644 27,645 25,002 0.3%

-316 -2,754 -3,070 -0.3%

-153 446 293 0.1%

-215 -7,475 -7,690 -1.0%

-176 -571 -747 -0.1%

2,114 -3,685 -1,571 0.0%

3,119 9,383 12,502 0.1%

464 -5,157 -4,692 -0.2%

-63 514 451 0.1%

-244 -2,472 -2,716 -0.1%

-2,058 0 -2,058 0.0%

-16,236 19,553 3,317 0.1%

-51,830 10,951 -40,879 -0.5%

-13,524 16,244 2,719 0.1%

-10,135 10,496 361 0.0%

-5,810 3,122 -2,688 -0.3%

-6,682 -4,407 -11,089 -1.0%

-35,665 1,895 -33,771 -0.6%

-15,372 10,940 -4,432 -0.2%

-15,996 14,893 -1,102 0.0%

-71,937 -229,714 -301,651 -2.5%

-7,039 650 -6,389 -0.6%

-8,413 7,740 -674 0.0%

-52,145 -7,013 -59,158 -0.7%

-5,031 3,792 -1,239 -0.2%

-13,694 2,541 -11,153 -0.5%

-4,684 10,084 5,400 0.7%

-18,467 29,405 10,939 0.4%

-8,814 -2,436 -11,250 -0.8%

-76,265 55,832 -20,433 -0.2%

-35,620 23,079 -12,541 -0.2%

-4,101 -926 -5,027 -0.8%

-4,843 -2,601 -7,444 -0.9%

-135,314 -22,185 -157,499 -0.7%

-10,613 -4,019 -14,632 -0.8%

-4,564 6,069 1,505 0.2%

-7,568 -399 -7,967 -0.6%

-11,186 2,800 -8,386 -0.5%

-10,025 4,618 -5,407 -0.3%

-14,690 350 -14,340 -0.3%

-9,545 4,060 -5,485 -0.2%

-1,743 494 -1,248 -0.3%

Footnotes at end of table.

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

 Savannah, GA MSA

 Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (GA portion)

 Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (GA portion)

 Columbus, GA-AL MSA (GA portion)

 Macon, GA MSA

 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL MSA

State, MSA

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

 Honolulu, HI MSA

 Boise City, ID MSA

 Pocatello, ID MSA

Idaho

 Albany, GA MSA

 Athens, GA MSA

 Atlanta, GA MSA

 Punta Gorda, FL MSA

 Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA

 Tallahassee, FL MSA

 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA

 Ocala, FL MSA

 Orlando, FL MSA

 Panama City, FL MSA

 Pensacola, FL MSA

 Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA

 Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL MSA

 Miami, FL PMSA

 Naples, FL MSA2

 Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA

 Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA

 Gainesville, FL MSA

 Jacksonville, FL MSA

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (DC portion)

 Daytona Beach, FL MSA

 Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA

 Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA

 Greeley, CO PMSA

 Pueblo, CO MSA

 Hartford, CT NECMA

 New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA

Connecticut

 Colorado Springs, CO MSA

 Denver, CO PMSA

 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA

 Grand Junction, CO MSA

 Boulder-Longmont, CO PMSA

Colorado

Net Effect

Percent

Amount 1

(Thousands)

 New London-Norwich, CT NECMA

 Dover, DE MSA

 Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (DE portion)

Delaware

Appendix G-2
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

391 2,975 3,366 0.3%

445 -5,054 -4,609 -0.4%

21,587 -146,539 -124,952 -0.2%

532 6,023 6,556 0.5%

302 3,626 3,928 0.5%

277 1,045 1,323 0.2%

927 12,379 13,306 0.6%

973 11,927 12,901 0.5%

555 8,686 9,241 0.7%

1,630 8,515 10,145 0.2%

10,311 -3,810 6,500 1.0%

4,869 1,611 6,480 2.0%

15,590 817 16,407 1.6%

22,037 3,201 25,238 1.7%

43,049 4,199 47,249 1.7%

54,886 -11,373 43,513 1.2%

137,683 -29,183 108,500 1.2%

8,926 1,116 10,042 1.7%

15,459 -5,416 10,043 1.0%

20,254 2,054 22,308 1.7%

10,274 -550 9,724 1.4%

23,003 -1,388 21,615 1.4%

13,177 1,575 14,751 1.7%

18,391 1,409 19,800 1.6%

15,813 -4,779 11,033 1.0%

44,307 -6,359 37,948 1.3%

8,704 1,289 9,993 1.7%

10,337 -5,921 4,416 0.6%

8,566 118 8,683 1.5%

10,104 -784 9,321 1.4%

11,938 -1,258 10,680 1.3%

48,095 409 48,504 1.3%

6,588 -3,031 3,557 0.7%

11,417 1,061 12,478 1.4%

38,418 -6,564 31,854 1.1%

4,782 4,286 9,068 0.2%

956 -4,339 -3,383 -0.5%

586 513 1,099 0.2%

1,485 5,119 6,604 0.6%

6,020 -15,867 -9,847 -0.2%

10,235 -5,951 4,284 0.1%

1,204 2,398 3,603 0.4%

-5,225 4,892 -334 0.0%

-24,459 -11,954 -36,413 -0.6%

-8,170 11,319 3,150 0.1%

-15,969 7,784 -8,184 -0.2%

-7,629 10,932 3,303 0.2%

-6,167 4,272 -1,895 -0.1%

-54,862 -42,253 -97,116 -0.7%

-15,801 -6,415 -22,216 -0.5%

Footnotes at end of table.

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

 Omaha, NE-IA MSA (IA portion)

 Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (IA portion)

 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA

 Muncie, IN MSA

 South Bend, IN MSA

 Terre Haute, IN MSA

State, MSA

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

 New Orleans, LA MSA

 Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA

 Houma, LA MSA

 Lafayette, LA MSA

 Lake Charles, LA MSA

 Monroe, LA MSA

 Louisville, KY-IN MSA (KY portion)

 Owensboro, KY MSA

 Alexandria, LA MSA

 Baton Rouge, LA MSA

Louisiana

 Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (KY portion)

 Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (KY portion)

 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (KY portion)

 Lexington, KY MSA

 Lawrence, KS MSA

 Topeka, KS MSA

 Wichita, KS MSA

 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (KY portion)

Kentucky

 Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (KS portion)

 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IA portion)

 Des Moines, IA MSA

 Dubuque, IA MSA

 Iowa City, IA MSA

 Cedar Rapids, IA MSA

 Indianapolis, IN MSA

 Kokomo, IN MSA

 Lafayette, IN MSA

 Louisville, KY-IN MSA (IN portion)

 Elkhart-Goshen, IN MSA

 Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (IN portion)

 Fort Wayne, IN MSA

 Gary, IN PMSA

 Springfield, IL MSA

 St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (IL portion)

 Bloomington, IN MSA

 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (IN portion)

 Decatur, IL MSA

 Kankakee, IL PMSA

 Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA

 Rockford, IL MSA

 Bloomington-Normal, IL MSA

 Champaign-Urbana, IL MSA

 Chicago, IL PMSA

 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IL portion)

Net Effect

Amount 

(Thousands) Percent1

Appendix G-3
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

17,293 -590 16,703 1.0%

12,275 -1,191 11,084 0.9%

31,339 -3,919 27,420 0.9%

-4,181 18,051 13,870 0.1%

-117 4,365 4,247 1.0%

-214 5,728 5,514 0.7%

-3,407 -36,377 -39,785 -0.3%

-142 2,900 2,758 0.5%

762 -611 151 0.0%

18,434 16,940 35,374 0.1%

468 -2,071 -1,603 -0.1%

2,101 -9,250 -7,149 -0.1%

62,948 1,239 64,187 1.6%

17,965 -1,672 16,293 1.4%

509,426 -69,396 440,029 1.3%

49,199 -9,219 39,980 1.2%

118,994 9,516 128,510 1.7%

17,661 5,270 22,931 2.0%

50,457 2,280 52,737 1.6%

50,746 -12,122 38,624 1.2%

45,062 6,329 51,391 1.7%

26,572 4,707 31,280 2.5%

7,166 -324 6,842 2.0%

4,221 289 4,510 2.3%

2,683 597 3,280 2.6%

389,726 -34,034 355,692 1.9%

16,485 1,396 17,881 2.3%

22,840 1,702 24,543 2.3%

-8,006 16,189 8,183 0.2%

-2,554 2,000 -554 0.0%

-9,747 -14,486 -24,233 -0.5%

-2,363 5,003 2,640 0.2%

16,143 -7,017 9,125 0.8%

18,465 4,863 23,328 1.8%

130,319 -31,292 99,027 1.1%

38,279 6,882 45,162 1.7%

11,762 2,536 14,298 1.7%

238,929 -32,516 206,412 1.2%

-3,629 4,341 712 0.1%

-2,223 2,202 -21 0.0%

-2,563 654 -1,908 -0.3%

24,554 -26 24,528 1.3%

63,046 -12,459 50,587 1.0%

1,921 45 1,967 1.3%

-15,440 2,823 -12,617 -0.3%

-3,882 -818 -4,699 -0.4%

Footnotes at end of table.

Nevada

 Omaha, NE-IA MSA (NE portion)

 Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (NE portion)

 Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (NV portion)

 Reno, NV MSA

Amount 

(Thousands) Percent1

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

State, MSA

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

 Missoula, MT MSA

 Lincoln, NE MSA

 Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (MO portion)

 Springfield, MO MSA

 St. Joseph, MO MSA

 St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (MO portion)

Montana

Nebraska

 Billings, MT MSA

 Great Falls, MT MSA

 Jackson, MS MSA

 Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (MS portion)

 Columbia, MO MSA

 Joplin, MO MSA

Missouri

 Rochester, MN MSA

 St. Cloud, MN MSA

 Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA

 Hattiesburg, MS MSA

Mississippi

 Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)

 Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)

 La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (MN portion)

 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)

 Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA

 Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA

 Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA

 Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)

Minnesota

 Detroit, MI PMSA

 Flint, MI PMSA

 Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA

 Jackson, MI MSA

 Pittsfield, MA NECMA

 Springfield, MA NECMA

 Ann Arbor, MI PMSA

 Benton Harbor, MI MSA

Michigan

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (MD portion)

 Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (MD portion)

 Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA NECMA

 Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (MA portion)

 Portland, ME NECMA

 Baltimore, MD PMSA

 Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (MD portion)

 Hagerstown, MD PMSA

 Bangor, ME NECMA

 Lewiston-Auburn, ME NECMA

Net Effect

Appendix G-4
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

1,951 2,184 4,135 0.1%

1,001 -8,666 -7,665 -0.3%

3,967 23,056 27,023 0.3%

1,616 -112,231 -110,615 -2.6%

3,362 41,065 44,427 0.5%

3,296 106,609 109,906 1.3%

5,768 -94,736 -88,969 -0.6%

3,679 59,428 63,107 0.7%

980 -8,391 -7,410 -0.3%

413 -6,134 -5,721 -0.5%

-62,389 41,879 -20,510 -0.3%

-15,722 -1,958 -17,679 -1.1%

-13,179 11,165 -2,014 -0.1%

-85 200,100 200,015 1.4%

-24 44,007 43,983 1.1%

-112 296,783 296,671 1.5%

-26 36,834 36,808 0.8%

-9 18,121 18,113 1.2%

-12 23,234 23,222 1.1%

-13 20,583 20,570 0.9%

-263 1,042,719 1,042,456 2.3%

-859 -2,259,813 -2,260,671 -1.5%

-33 34,048 34,015 0.6%

-106 207,649 207,543 1.1%

-71 155,246 155,174 1.3%

-28 46,642 46,614 0.9%

-3,707 10,221 6,514 0.3%

-21,614 -6,246 -27,860 -0.2%

-4,705 -7,382 -12,087 -0.5%

-1,922 -1,317 -3,239 -0.3%

-20,242 30,849 10,607 0.1%

-2,221 -6,089 -8,311 -0.7%

-5,587 13,497 7,910 0.3%

-2,302 -3,902 -6,204 -0.5%

-322 422 100 0.1%

-19,185 -31,264 -50,449 -0.5%

-2,537 -4,069 -6,606 -0.5%

-3,916 4,481 565 0.0%

5,857 3,820 9,678 1.3%

7,560 1,473 9,032 0.9%

4,155 -1,386 2,769 0.5%

Footnotes at end of table.

New Hampshire

Net Effect

State, MSA

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands) Percent1

 Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)

 Rocky Mount, NC MSA

 Wilmington, NC MSA

 Bismarck, ND MSA

 Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)

North Dakota

 Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA

 Jacksonville, NC MSA

 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (NC portion)

 Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA

 Fayetteville, NC MSA

 Goldsboro, NC MSA

 Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA

 Greenville, NC MSA

 Syracuse, NY MSA

 Utica-Rome, NY MSA

 Asheville, NC MSA

 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (NC portion)

North Carolina

 Nassau-Suffolk, NY PMSA

 New York, NY PMSA

 Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (NY portion)

 Rochester, NY MSA

 Dutchess County, NY PMSA

 Elmira, NY MSA

 Glens Falls, NY MSA

 Jamestown, NY MSA

 Santa Fe, NM MSA

 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA

 Binghamton, NY MSA

 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA

New York

 Trenton, NJ PMSA

 Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ PMSA

 Albuquerque, NM MSA

 Las Cruces, NM MSA

New Mexico

 Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ PMSA

 Monmouth-Ocean, NJ PMSA

 Newark, NJ PMSA

 Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (NJ portion)

 Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (NH portion)

 Atlantic-Cape May, NJ PMSA

 Bergen-Passaic, NJ PMSA

 Jersey City, NJ PMSA

New Jersey

Appendix G-5
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

76,450 -5,041 71,410 1.3%

44,344 12,044 56,388 1.8%

134,174 -26,583 107,591 1.1%

244,344 -27,318 217,026 1.2%

164,815 -48,153 116,662 1.0%

103,983 -13,986 89,997 1.2%

37,369 5,297 42,665 1.6%

7,140 2,761 9,902 1.9%

16,919 4,088 21,007 1.7%

19,170 5,880 25,050 1.8%

6,991 3,134 10,125 2.0%

8,035 3,180 11,215 2.0%

66,761 -10,941 55,821 1.2%

7,546 3,695 11,240 2.1%

64,655 11,654 76,309 1.6%

-236 1,003 767 0.2%

-162 743 581 0.2%

-478 -1,776 -2,253 -0.3%

-4,424 -17,859 -22,283 -0.3%

-3,319 -1,983 -5,302 -0.1%

-1,323 -6,883 -8,206 -1.5%

-5,363 -6,256 -11,619 -0.5%

-2,992 -1,068 -4,060 -0.3%

-25,747 37,090 11,343 0.1%

-5,671 -8,889 -14,560 -0.6%

119,409 24,477 143,886 2.7%

25,083 -32 25,051 2.3%

53,178 -6,123 47,056 2.0%

119,802 -6,469 113,333 2.1%

45,180 -3,076 42,103 2.1%

89,235 -21,366 67,869 1.7%

8,392 -1,393 6,999 1.9%

715,191 -36,962 678,230 2.1%

449,222 93,248 542,470 2.7%

69,254 -9,388 59,866 1.9%

117,097 41,646 158,743 3.1%

23,490 -1,417 22,072 2.1%

25,878 -13,777 12,101 1.0%

22,465 -2,639 19,827 2.0%

73,373 -4,784 68,589 2.1%

228,223 6,270 234,493 2.3%

-3,291 961 -2,330 -0.2%

-11,429 -24,155 -35,584 -0.7%

-3,348 5,046 1,698 0.1%

-10,985 -8,245 -19,230 -0.4%

-2,666 -268 -2,935 -0.3%

-19,633 32,212 12,579 0.1%

-3,819 4,449 630 0.0%

-2,262 -2,425 -4,687 -0.5%

Footnotes at end of table.

 Myrtle Beach, SC MSA

 Sumter, SC MSA

 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (SC portion)

 Columbia, SC MSA

 Florence, SC MSA

 Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA

 York, PA MSA

 Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA

 Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (SC portion)

 Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA

Rhode Island

South Carolina

 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA

 Sharon, PA MSA

 State College, PA MSA

 Williamsport, PA MSA

 Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (PA portion)

 Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (PA portion)

 Pittsburgh, PA MSA

 Reading, PA MSA

 Erie, PA MSA

 Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA

 Johnstown, PA MSA

 Lancaster, PA MSA

 Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (OR portion)

 Salem, OR PMSA

 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA

 Altoona, PA MSA

Pennsylvania

 Corvallis, OR MSA

 Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA

 Medford-Ashland, OR MSA

Oregon

 Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (OK portion)

 Lawton, OK MSA

 Oklahoma City, OK MSA

 Tulsa, OK MSA

 Toledo, OH MSA

 Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)

 Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA

 Enid, OK MSA

 Lima, OH MSA

 Mansfield, OH MSA

 Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)

 Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (OH portion)

 Akron, OH PMSA

 Canton-Massillon, OH MSA

 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (OH portion)

State, MSA

Ohio

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands) Percent1

Net Effect

Oklahoma

 Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA

 Columbus, OH MSA

 Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA

 Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSA

 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (OH portion)

Appendix G-6
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

3,792 2,242 6,034 0.9%

7,263 9,110 16,373 1.3%

-940 -131 -1,070 0.0%

-387 -3,100 -3,487 -0.3%

-299 -206 -505 -0.1%

-1,104 19,833 18,729 0.5%

-1,971 15,483 13,512 0.2%

-2,767 -80,437 -83,204 -0.9%

-3,491 -9,480 -12,972 -0.1%

-11,519 7,043 -4,476 -0.6%

-20,123 14,949 -5,174 -0.4%

-110,469 -27,515 -137,984 -1.8%

-35,934 30,945 -4,989 -0.2%

-22,577 12,862 -9,715 -0.6%

-30,906 -7,444 -38,350 -1.8%

-12,784 -3,921 -16,705 -1.9%

-36,357 -21,345 -57,702 -2.2%

-315,799 16,954 -298,844 -1.3%

-66,121 -67,398 -133,519 -2.8%

-155,606 40,333 -115,273 -1.1%

-23,750 14,519 -9,232 -0.6%

-382,019 -106,279 -488,298 -1.8%

-29,502 10,456 -19,045 -0.9%

-18,189 -982 -19,171 -1.5%

-20,219 14,856 -5,364 -0.4%

-21,575 5,635 -15,940 -1.1%

-50,315 -48,871 -99,185 -2.8%

-23,346 15,898 -7,448 -0.5%

-9,679 5,407 -4,271 -0.6%

-146,377 -80,043 -226,421 -2.2%

-9,947 9,040 -908 -0.1%

-7,976 6,960 -1,017 -0.2%

-16,425 10,266 -6,159 -0.5%

-7,859 2,246 -5,612 -1.0%

-19,500 8,964 -10,536 -0.8%

-13,126 10,782 -2,343 -0.3%

2 98 100 0.3%

129 -18,641 -18,512 -1.0%

478 36,094 36,571 0.5%

14,722 3,202 17,923 0.8%

-3,923 -1,398 -5,321 -0.8%

-2,745 1,097 -1,648 -0.4%

-2,286 2,824 538 0.1%

-5,386 4,304 -1,082 -0.1%

-39,365 -29,681 -69,046 -1.1%

-24,929 3,649 -21,280 -0.5%

-5,817 7,058 1,241 0.1%

-53,979 -5,670 -59,649 -0.7%

Footnotes at end of table.

 Roanoke, VA MSA

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (VA portion)

 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (VA portion)

 Lynchburg, VA MSA

 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (VA portion)

 Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA

 Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA

 Burlington, VT NECMA

 Charlottesville, VA MSA

 Danville, VA MSA

Vermont

Virginia

 Waco, TX MSA

 Wichita Falls, TX MSA

 Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (UT portion)

 Provo-Orem, UT MSA

Utah

 Sherman-Denison, TX MSA

 Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (TX portion)

 Tyler, TX MSA

 Victoria, TX MSA

 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA

 Odessa-Midland, TX MSA

 San Angelo, TX MSA

 San Antonio, TX MSA

 Killeen-Temple, TX MSA

 Laredo, TX MSA

 Longview-Marshall, TX MSA

 Lubbock, TX MSA

 El Paso, TX MSA

 Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA

 Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA

 Houston, TX PMSA

 Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX MSA

 Bryan-College Station, TX MSA

 Corpus Christi, TX MSA

 Dallas, TX PMSA

 Amarillo, TX MSA

 Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA

 Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX MSA

 Brazoria, TX PMSA

 Knoxville, TN MSA

 Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (TN portion)

 Nashville, TN MSA

 Abilene, TX MSA

Texas

 Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (TN portion)

 Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (TN portion)

 Jackson, TN MSA

 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (TN portion)

 Rapid City, SD MSA

 Sioux Falls, SD MSA

State, MSA

South Dakota

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands) Percent1

Net Effect

Tennessee

Appendix G-7
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued

-3,502 -6,195 -9,696 -0.9%

-5,179 -2,129 -7,307 -0.4%

-4,533 -938 -5,471 -0.4%

-7,503 13,897 6,394 0.3%

-4,011 -9,358 -13,369 -1.0%

-50,550 52,671 2,121 0.0%

-8,956 17,914 8,958 0.3%

-14,776 -287 -15,063 -0.3%

-4,679 -25,978 -30,657 -2.0%

7,679 3,567 11,246 0.4%

808 784 1,592 0.5%

4,101 213 4,315 0.3%

2,621 2,455 5,076 0.5%

1,796 2,004 3,800 0.5%

3,533 -3,661 -129 0.0%

2,499 2,199 4,698 0.5%

32,305 6,436 38,741 1.7%

3,973 1,465 5,438 1.9%

13,364 2,011 15,375 1.6%

20,264 3,029 23,293 1.6%

14,144 1,836 15,979 1.6%

13,622 440 14,062 1.4%

9,554 2 9,556 1.4%

40,547 -7,805 32,742 1.1%

136,216 -59,662 76,554 0.8%

8,938 2,746 11,684 1.8%

17,435 -2,051 15,384 1.2%

10,271 1,745 12,016 1.6%

11,513 3,193 14,705 1.8%

-1,600 1,535 -66 0.0%

 Cheyenne, WY MSA -2,039 593 -1,446 -0.3%

 Racine, WI PMSA

 Sheboygan, WI MSA

 Wausau, WI MSA

 Casper, WY MSA

Wyoming

 La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (WI portion)

 Madison, WI MSA

 Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA

 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)

 Eau Claire, WI MSA

 Green Bay, WI MSA

 Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA

 Kenosha, WI PMSA

 Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (WV portion)

 Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)

 Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA

 Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)

Wisconsin

 Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (WV portion)

 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (WV portion)

 Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)

 Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (WV portion)

 Spokane, WA MSA

 Tacoma, WA PMSA

 Yakima, WA MSA

 Charleston, WV MSA

West Virginia

 Olympia, WA PMSA

 Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (WA portion)

 Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA

 Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA

 Bellingham, WA MSA

 Bremerton, WA PMSA

State, MSA

Washington

BetweenState Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands) Percent1

2

 Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original 

figures.

1

 Net Effect as a percent of the adjusted funding level under the eight programs over 2002-2012.

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

Net Effect

Appendix G-8
Appendix H: Estimated Funding Effect by Center County 
Anniston, AL -60 1,731 1,671 0.2%

Dothan (part), AL -25 -1,401 -1,426 -0.4%

Gadsden, AL -54 4,213 4,159 0.5%

Dothan (part), AL -44 369 325 0.0%

Birmingham (part), AL -335 -16,848 -17,183 -0.3%

Florence, AL -44 2,856 2,812 0.4%

Auburn, AL; Opelika, AL -53 -4,270 -4,323 -0.5%

Huntsville (part), AL -33 1,675 1,642 0.3%

Huntsville (part), AL -147 1,968 1,821 0.1%

Mobile, AL -205 -14,479 -14,685 -0.5%

Montgomery, AL -111 -2,278 -2,389 -0.1%

Decatur (part), AL -57 3,455 3,398 0.4%

Birmingham (part), AL -78 2,373 2,295 0.2%

Tuscaloosa, AL -83 -2,273 -2,356 -0.2%

Anchorage, AK -9,361 -12,475 -21,836 -0.8%

Flagstaff, AZ -4,958 -20,751 -25,710 -3.5%

Mesa, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; Scottsdale, AZ; Tempe, AZ -123,645 92,775 -30,870 -0.2%

Tucson, AZ -34,160 5,258 -28,902 -0.6%

Yuma, AZ -5,733 -3,512 -9,245 -1.1%

Rogers, AR; Springdale (part), AR 205 2,958 3,163 0.3%

Jonesboro, AR 113 -77 36 0.0%

West Memphis, AR 70 -4,279 -4,209 -1.0%

Conway, AR 119 -131 -12 0.0%

Pine Bluff, AR 113 -801 -688 -0.1%

Texarkana, AR 57 8 64 0.0%

Jacksonville, AR; Little Rock, AR; North Little Rock, AR 492 -15,794 -15,302 -0.5%

Fort Smith, AR 152 2,350 2,502 0.3%

Fayetteville, AR; Springdale (part), AR 206 -2,797 -2,591 -0.2%

Alameda, CA; Berkeley, CA; Oakland, CA -215,962 -16,681 -232,643 -2.3%

Chico, CA; Paradise, CA -29,361 4,042 -25,319 -1.8%

Fresno, CA -117,967 -63,304 -181,270 -3.2%

Bakersfield, CA -98,450 -8,749 -107,199 -2.3%

Lancaster, CA; Long Beach, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Pasadena, CA -1,413,905 -422,514 -1,836,419 -2.7%

Madera, CA -18,413 -9,570 -27,983 -3.2%

Merced, CA -30,661 -19,404 -50,066 -3.4%

Monterey, CA; Salinas, CA -55,729 -18,141 -73,870 -2.8%

Napa, CA -18,125 4,166 -13,959 -1.6%

Anaheim, CA; Irvine, CA; Santa Ana, CA -423,336 127,023 -296,314 -1.5%

Hemet, CA; Palm Desert, CA; Palm Springs, CA; Riverside, CA; Temecula, CA -234,751 28,200 -206,551 -1.9%

Sacramento, CA -175,772 42,881 -132,891 -1.6%

San Bernardino, CA -254,462 19,545 -234,917 -1.9%

Coronado, CA; Escondido, CA; San Diego, CA -429,818 58,002 -371,816 -1.8%

San Francisco, CA -115,175 1,715 -113,461 -2.1%

Lodi, CA; Stockton, CA -86,035 -13,632 -99,667 -2.4%

Atascadero, CA; El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA; San Luis Obispo, CA -35,575 4,261 -31,314 -1.9%

Lompoc, CA; Santa Barbara, CA; Santa Maria, CA -59,321 -8,252 -67,572 -2.4%

Gilroy, CA; Palo Alto, CA; San Jose, CA; Santa Clara, CA; Sunnyvale, CA -254,950 66,665 -188,284 -1.6%

Santa Cruz, CA; Watsonville, CA -36,960 1,485 -35,475 -2.0%

Redding, CA -24,951 9,905 -15,046 -1.3%

Fairfield, CA; Vallejo, CA -58,380 16,757 -41,623 -1.5%

Petaluma, CA; Santa Rosa, CA -66,260 13,975 -52,285 -1.7%

Modesto, CA; Turlock, CA -66,172 717 -65,455 -2.1%

Yuba City, CA -12,083 391 -11,692 -2.0%

Porterville, CA; Tulare, CA; Visalia, CA -55,382 -30,433 -85,816 -3.2%

San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA -112,652 29,583 -83,069 -1.6%

Davis, CA; Woodland, CA -23,620 -8,029 -31,650 -2.8%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs: Eight 

Federal Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

 Tulare County

 Yolo County

 Ventura County

 Shasta County

 Solano County

 Stanislaus County

 Sutter County

 Sonoma County

 San Joaquin County

 San Luis Obispo County

 Santa Barbara County

 Santa Cruz County

 Santa Clara County

 Orange County

 Sacramento County

 San Bernardino County

 San Diego County

 Riverside County

 Alameda County

 Butte County

 Fresno County

 Kern County

 Los Angeles County

 Madera County

 Monterey County

 Napa County

 Merced County

 San Francisco County

 Calhoun County

 Dale County

 Etowah County

 Houston County

 Jefferson County

 Lauderdale County

 Lee County

 Limestone County

 Madison County

 Mobile County

 Montgomery County

 Morgan County

 Shelby County

 Pima County

 Yuma County

 Benton County

 Tuscaloosa County

 Anchorage Borough

 Coconino County

 Maricopa County

 Pulaski County

 Sebastian County

 Washington County

 Craighead County

 Crittenden County

 Faulkner County

 Jefferson County

Amount 

(Thousands

Percent1

Net Effect

 Miller County

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Central City in County (in whole or part)

Alabama

State, County

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Appendix H-1
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Boulder, CO; Longmont, CO -361 -3,379 -3,741 -0.3%

Denver, CO -661 -22,795 -23,456 -1.0%

Colorado Springs, CO -674 -837 -1,511 -0.1%

Fort Collins, CO; Loveland, CO -316 -2,754 -3,070 -0.3%

Grand Junction, CO -153 446 293 0.1%

Pueblo, CO -176 -571 -747 -0.1%

Greeley, CO -215 -7,475 -7,690 -1.0%

Bridgeport city, CT; Danbury city, CT; Norwalk city, CT; Stamford city, CT 1,606 11 1,617 0.0%

Hartford city, CT 1,572 -9,685 -8,112 -0.1%

Middletown city, CT 289 4,212 4,501 0.3%

Meriden city, CT; New Haven city, CT; Waterbury city, CT 1,512 9,372 10,885 0.2%

New London city, CT; Norwich city, CT 464 -5,157 -4,692 -0.2%

Dover, DE -63 514 451 0.1%

Newark, DE; Wilmington, DE -244 -2,472 -2,716 -0.1%

Washington, DC -2,058 0 -2,058 0.0%

Gainesville, FL -6,682 -4,407 -11,089 -1.0%

Panama City, FL -5,031 3,792 -1,239 -0.2%

Melbourne, FL; Palm Bay, FL; Titusville, FL -15,996 14,893 -1,102 0.0%

Fort Lauderdale, FL -51,830 10,951 -40,879 -0.5%

Punta Gorda, FL -4,684 10,084 5,400 0.7%

Naples, FL -7,039 650 -6,389 -0.6%

Jacksonville, FL -24,712 -6,980 -31,692 -0.8%

Pensacola, FL -9,447 -1,003 -10,450 -0.7%

Tampa, FL -31,294 -21,819 -53,114 -1.0%

Cape Coral, FL; Fort Myers, FL -13,524 16,244 2,719 0.1%

Tallahassee, FL -7,351 -557 -7,908 -0.7%

Bradenton, FL -8,181 7,450 -731 -0.1%

Ocala, FL -8,413 7,740 -674 0.0%

Miami, FL; Miami Beach, FL -71,937 -229,714 -301,651 -2.5%

Fort Walton Beach, FL -5,810 3,122 -2,688 -0.3%

Orlando, FL -27,647 -21,116 -48,763 -1.1%

Boca Raton, FL; West Palm Beach, FL -35,620 23,079 -12,541 -0.2%

Clearwater, FL; St Petersburg, FL -29,288 48,583 19,295 0.4%

Lakeland, FL; Winter Haven, FL -15,372 10,940 -4,432 -0.2%

Sarasota, FL -10,286 21,955 11,669 0.7%

Fort Pierce, FL; Port St Lucie, FL -6,165 4,888 -1,277 -0.1%

Daytona Beach, FL -14,465 17,051 2,586 0.1%

Macon (part), GA -5,401 1,321 -4,080 -0.5%

Savannah, GA -7,769 3,486 -4,283 -0.3%

Athens-Clarke County, GA -3,103 -4,035 -7,139 -1.4%

Atlanta (part), GA -20,417 -25,432 -45,850 -1.4%

Albany, GA -3,252 -1,226 -4,478 -0.8%

Atlanta (part), GA -25,950 -41,089 -67,039 -1.6%

Macon (part), GA -812 514 -297 -0.2%

Columbus, GA -6,215 -219 -6,434 -0.6%

Augusta-Richmond, GA -6,503 -6,285 -12,788 -1.2%

Honolulu, HI -14,690 350 -14,340 -0.3%

Boise City, ID -6,664 7,897 1,232 0.1%

Pocatello (part), ID -1,743 494 -1,248 -0.3%

Nampa, ID -2,881 -3,837 -6,718 -0.9%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

 Bannock County

 Canyon County

Idaho

 Fulton County

 Jones County

 Muscogee County

 Richmond County

 Chatham County

 Clarke County

 DeKalb County

 Dougherty County

 Sarasota County

 St. Lucie County

 Volusia County

 Bibb County

Georgia

 Orange County

 Palm Beach County

 Pinellas County

 Polk County

 Manatee County

 Marion County

 Miami-Dade County

 Okaloosa County

 Escambia County

 Hillsborough County

 Lee County

 Leon County

 Broward County

 Charlotte County

 Collier County2

 Duval County

 District of Columbia

 Alachua County

 Bay County

 Brevard County

Florida

 New Haven County

 New London County

 Kent County

 New Castle County

 Weld County

 Fairfield County

 Hartford County

 Middlesex County

 El Paso County

 Larimer County

 Mesa County

 Pueblo County

 Boulder County

 Denver County

Hawaii

 Honolulu County

 Ada County

District of Columbia

Net Effect

Percent1

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Appendix H-2
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Champaign, IL; Urbana, IL 445 -5,054 -4,609 -0.4%

Chicago (part), IL; Elgin, IL; Evanston, IL 13,918 -232,921 -219,003 -0.6%

DeKalb, IL 229 -1,068 -839 -0.1%

Chicago (part), IL; Aurora, IL 2,420 38,631 41,052 0.7%

Elgin, IL; Aurora, IL 1,098 -187 911 0.0%

Kankakee, IL 277 1,045 1,323 0.2%

North Chicago, IL 1,679 16,535 18,214 0.4%

Decatur, IL 302 3,626 3,928 0.5%

Alton, IL; Granite City, IL 701 9,695 10,396 0.6%

Bloomington, IL; Normal, IL 391 2,975 3,366 0.3%

Pekin (part), IL; Peoria, IL 485 2,975 3,460 0.3%

Moline, IL; Rock Island, IL 394 3,213 3,607 0.4%

Springfield, IL 521 7,850 8,371 0.6%

Belleville, IL; East St Louis, IL 702 -6,664 -5,963 -0.3%

Pekin (part), IL 346 7,170 7,516 0.9%

Joliet, IL 1,305 15,644 16,950 0.5%

Rockford, IL 726 8,196 8,922 0.5%

Fort Wayne, IN 28,016 -289 27,727 1.5%

Muncie, IN 10,274 -550 9,724 1.4%

Elkhart, IN; Goshen, IN 15,590 817 16,407 1.6%

New Albany, IN 6,544 319 6,862 1.6%

Kokomo, IN 7,432 674 8,106 1.7%

East Chicago, IN; Gary, IN 41,645 -13,603 28,042 1.0%

Anderson, IN 11,630 1,341 12,971 1.7%

Indianapolis, IN 72,056 -43,923 28,133 0.6%

Bloomington, IN 10,311 -3,810 6,500 1.0%

South Bend, IN 23,003 -1,388 21,615 1.4%

Lafayette, IN 12,472 -6,074 6,398 0.8%

Evansville, IN 14,945 820 15,765 1.6%

Terre Haute, IN 9,272 101 9,373 1.5%

Cedar Falls, IA; Waterloo, IA 11,938 -1,258 10,680 1.3%

Dubuque, IA 8,704 1,289 9,993 1.7%

Iowa City, IA 10,337 -5,921 4,416 0.6%

Cedar Rapids, IA 18,391 1,409 19,800 1.6%

Des Moines, IA 36,398 -7,797 28,601 1.2%

Council Bluffs, IA 8,566 118 8,683 1.5%

Davenport, IA 15,813 -4,779 11,033 1.0%

Sioux City, IA 10,104 -784 9,321 1.4%

Lawrence, KS 6,588 -3,031 3,557 0.7%

Olathe, KS 30,705 4,725 35,431 1.5%

Leavenworth, KS 5,032 343 5,375 1.4%

Wichita, KS 31,577 -8,530 23,047 0.9%

Topeka, KS 11,417 1,061 12,478 1.4%

Kansas City, KS 10,484 -5,544 4,941 0.6%

Ashland, KY 643 2,455 3,097 0.6%

Hopkinsville, KY 956 -4,339 -3,383 -0.5%

Owensboro, KY 1,204 2,398 3,603 0.4%

Lexington-Fayette, KY 3,206 -9,868 -6,662 -0.3%

Henderson, KY 586 513 1,099 0.2%

Louisville, KY 8,794 -10,257 -1,463 0.0%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

 Henderson County

 Jefferson County

 Boyd County

 Christian County

 Daviess County

 Fayette County

 Leavenworth County

 Sedgwick County

 Shawnee County

 Wyandotte County

 Scott County

 Woodbury County

 Douglas County

 Johnson County

Kansas

 Johnson County

 Linn County

 Polk County

 Pottawattamie County

 Vanderburgh County

 Vigo County

 Black Hawk County

 Dubuque County

Iowa

 Marion County

 Monroe County

 St. Joseph County

 Tippecanoe County

 Floyd County

 Howard County

 Lake County

 Madison County

 Allen County

 Delaware County

 Elkhart County

Indiana

 St. Clair County

 Tazewell County

 Will County

 Winnebago County

 McLean County

 Peoria County

 Rock Island County

 Sangamon County

 Kankakee County

 Lake County

 Macon County

 Madison County

 Cook County

 DeKalb County

 DuPage County

 Kane County

 Champaign County

Illinois

Kentucky

Net Effect

Percent1

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Appendix H-3
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Shreveport (part), LA; Bossier City, LA -3,969 -626 -4,595 -0.4%

Shreveport (part), LA -10,046 -7,910 -17,957 -0.7%

Lake Charles, LA -7,629 10,932 3,303 0.2%

Baton Rouge, LA -16,590 -21,755 -38,345 -0.9%

Lafayette, LA -8,001 3,637 -4,364 -0.2%

New Orleans, LA -19,140 -64,675 -83,815 -1.6%

Monroe, LA -6,167 4,272 -1,895 -0.1%

Alexandria, LA -5,225 4,892 -334 0.0%

Slidell, LA -8,378 13,118 4,740 0.2%

Houma, LA -4,423 6,145 1,722 0.1%

Auburn city, ME; Lewiston city, ME 12,275 -1,191 11,084 0.9%

Portland city, ME 31,339 -3,919 27,420 0.9%

Bangor city, ME 17,293 -590 16,703 1.0%

Cumberland, MD -117 4,365 4,247 1.0%

Annapolis, MD -814 13,433 12,619 0.4%

Baltimore, MD -1,035 -46,056 -47,091 -1.2%

Frederick, MD -328 6,874 6,546 0.5%

Hagerstown, MD -214 5,728 5,514 0.7%

Barnstable city, MA; Yarmouth town, MA 762 -611 151 0.0%

Pittsfield city, MA 468 -2,071 -1,603 -0.1%

Attleboro city, MA; Fall River city, MA; New Bedford city, MA 1,856 -1,905 -49 0.0%

Gloucester city, MA; Lawrence city, MA; Lynn city, MA 2,528 15,745 18,273 0.3%

Holyoke city, MA; Springfield city, MA; Westfield city, MA 1,566 -4,137 -2,571 -0.1%

Northampton city, MA 535 -5,113 -4,578 -0.3%

Cambridge city, MA; Lowell city, MA; Waltham city, MA 5,111 55,473 60,584 0.4%

Brockton city, MA 1,696 16,958 18,654 0.4%

Boston city, MA 2,295 -156,352 -154,058 -2.4%

Fitchburg city, MA; Leominster city, MA; Worcester city, MA 2,636 -110 2,526 0.0%

Holland (part), MI 11,667 3,845 15,512 2.0%

Midland (part), MI; Bay City, MI 12,236 4,588 16,823 2.1%

Battle Creek, MI 15,941 1,863 17,805 1.7%

Lansing (part), MI 11,531 2,113 13,644 1.8%

Flint, MI 49,199 -9,219 39,980 1.2%

Lansing (part), MI; East Lansing, MI 31,985 -17,497 14,489 0.7%

Jackson, MI 17,661 5,270 22,931 2.0%

Kalamazoo, MI 25,891 -365 25,526 1.5%

Grand Rapids, MI 62,291 -2,424 59,867 1.5%

Midland (part), MI 9,311 3,563 12,875 2.1%

Muskegon, MI 18,932 2,404 21,337 1.7%

Pontiac, MI 134,286 23,334 157,620 1.8%

Holland (part), MI 26,103 5,691 31,794 1.9%

Saginaw, MI 23,515 -1,822 21,693 1.4%

Port Huron, MI 18,250 6,630 24,880 2.1%

Ann Arbor, MI 34,503 -10,850 23,652 1.0%

Detroit, MI; Dearborn, MI 240,277 -142,597 97,680 0.6%

St Cloud (part), MN 4,851 849 5,700 2.5%

Moorhead, MN 7,166 -324 6,842 2.0%

Minneapolis, MN 147,936 -37,335 110,601 1.6%

Rochester, MN 16,485 1,396 17,881 2.3%

St Paul, MN 67,308 -21,585 45,723 1.4%

Duluth, MN 26,572 4,707 31,280 2.5%

St Cloud (part), MN 17,989 854 18,843 2.2%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Percent1

Louisiana

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

 St. Louis County

 Stearns County

 Clay County

 Hennepin County

 Olmsted County

 Ramsey County

 St. Clair County

 Washtenaw County

 Wayne County

 Benton County

Minnesota

 Muskegon County

 Oakland County

 Ottawa County

 Saginaw County

 Jackson County

 Kalamazoo County

 Kent County

 Midland County

 Calhoun County

 Eaton County

 Genesee County

 Ingham County

 Suffolk County

 Worcester County

 Allegan County

 Bay County

Michigan

 Hampden County

 Hampshire County

 Middlesex County

 Plymouth County

 Barnstable County

 Berkshire County

 Bristol County

 Essex County

 Anne Arundel County

 Baltimore city

 Frederick County

 Washington County

 Androscoggin County

 Cumberland County

 Penobscot County

 Allegany County

Maryland

 Ouachita Parish

 Rapides Parish

 St. Tammany Parish

 Terrebonne Parish

 Calcasieu Parish

 East Baton Rouge Parish

 Lafayette Parish

 Orleans Parish

 Bossier Parish

 Caddo Parish

Maine

Massachusetts

Net Effect

Appendix H-4
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Hattiesburg (part), MS -1,688 75 -1,613 -0.2%

Biloxi, MS; Gulfport, MS -4,036 4,842 805 0.0%

Jackson (part), MS -5,421 -17,898 -23,319 -0.9%

Pascagoula, MS -3,013 7,547 4,533 0.3%

Hattiesburg (part), MS -866 1,925 1,059 0.3%

Jackson (part), MS -1,736 -2,399 -4,135 -0.5%

Jackson (part), MS -2,589 5,810 3,220 0.3%

Columbia, MO 16,143 -7,017 9,125 0.8%

St Joseph, MO 9,851 1,747 11,599 1.7%

Kansas City (part), MO 10,314 2,250 12,564 1.7%

Springfield (part), MO 6,548 2,513 9,060 2.0%

Kansas City (part), MO 22,037 678 22,715 1.5%

Springfield (part), MO 28,026 2,843 30,869 1.6%

Kansas City (part), MO 79,783 -36,813 42,970 0.8%

Joplin (part), MO 12,354 2,844 15,198 1.7%

Joplin (part), MO 6,111 2,019 8,130 1.9%

Kansas City (part), MO 8,875 -916 7,958 1.3%

St Charles, MO 34,974 4,983 39,957 1.6%

St Louis, MO 39,403 -47,672 -8,268 -0.3%

Great Falls, MT -2,223 2,202 -21 0.0%

Missoula, MT -2,563 654 -1,908 -0.3%

Billings, MT -3,629 4,341 712 0.1%

Omaha, NE 45,779 -9,396 36,383 1.0%

Lincoln, NE 24,554 -26 24,528 1.3%

Las Vegas, NV -15,055 2,768 -12,287 -0.3%

Reno, NV -3,882 -818 -4,699 -0.4%

Manchester city, NH; Nashua city, NH 952 -471 481 0.0%

Portsmouth city, NH 716 2,405 3,120 0.2%

Rochester city, NH 283 251 534 0.1%

Atlantic City, NJ 710 -9,931 -9,221 -0.5%

Camden, NJ 1,488 14,949 16,437 0.4%

Bridgeton, NJ; Millville, NJ; Vineland, NJ 413 -6,134 -5,721 -0.5%

Newark, NJ 2,192 -133,833 -131,641 -2.3%

Bayonne, NJ; Jersey City, NJ 1,616 -112,231 -110,615 -2.6%

Trenton, NJ 980 -8,391 -7,410 -0.3%

Dover, NJ 1,378 42,477 43,854 1.3%

Albuquerque, NM -47,734 39,267 -8,467 -0.2%

Las Cruces, NM -15,722 -1,958 -17,679 -1.1%

Santa Fe, NM -11,515 7,872 -3,643 -0.3%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Percent1

 Santa Fe County

 Mercer County

 Morris County

 Bernalillo County

 Dona Ana County

New Mexico

 Camden County

 Cumberland County

 Essex County

 Hudson County

 Hillsborough County

 Rockingham County

 Strafford County

 Atlantic County

New Jersey

 Douglas County

 Lancaster County

 Clark County

 Washoe County

Nevada

 St. Louis city

 Cascade County

 Missoula County

 Yellowstone County

Montana

 Jasper County

 Newton County

 Platte County

 St. Charles County

 Christian County

 Clay County

 Greene County

 Jackson County

 Rankin County

 Boone County

 Buchanan County

 Cass County

Missouri

 Hinds County

 Jackson County

 Lamar County

 Madison County

 Forrest County

 Harrison County

Mississippi

Nebraska

Net Effect

New Hampshire

Appendix H-5
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Albany, NY -29 57,996 57,968 1.2%

Borough of the Bronx, NY -118 -760,810 -760,928 -3.5%

Binghamton, NY -19 32,535 32,516 1.0%

Auburn, NY -8 14,196 14,188 1.0%

Jamestown, NY -13 20,583 20,570 0.9%

Elmira, NY -9 18,121 18,113 1.2%

Poughkeepsie, NY -26 36,834 36,808 0.8%

Buffalo, NY -90 233,948 233,857 1.5%

Borough of Brooklyn, NY -223 -963,599 -963,822 -2.4%

Rochester, NY -70 151,187 151,117 1.2%

Borough of Manhattan, NY -154 -643,618 -643,772 -2.3%

Niagara Falls, NY -21 62,835 62,814 1.7%

Rome, NY; Utica, NY -22 34,048 34,026 0.9%

Syracuse, NY -44 111,357 111,313 1.4%

Newburgh, NY -33 34,048 34,015 0.6%

Borough of Queens, NY -197 -251,426 -251,623 -0.7%

Troy, NY -15 31,804 31,790 1.2%

Borough of Staten Island, NY -40 110,132 110,091 1.6%

Saratoga Springs, NY -20 49,095 49,075 1.4%

Schenectady, NY -14 52,339 52,324 2.2%

Glens Falls, NY -6 11,656 11,650 1.1%

Burlington, NC -2,068 4,613 2,545 0.2%

Asheville, NC -3,382 9,916 6,534 0.4%

Hickory (part), NC; Morganton, NC -1,428 3,396 1,967 0.3%

Concord, NC; Kannapolis, NC -2,131 6,591 4,460 0.4%

Lenoir, NC -1,313 3,144 1,831 0.3%

Hickory (part), NC -2,300 5,460 3,160 0.3%

Fayetteville, NC -4,705 -7,382 -12,087 -0.5%

High Point (part), NC -2,455 5,380 2,925 0.2%

Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC -3,492 -5,003 -8,495 -0.5%

Rocky Mount (part), NC -932 -2,800 -3,732 -0.8%

Winston-Salem, NC; High Point, NC -4,955 5,703 748 0.0%

Gastonia, NC -3,158 5,211 2,052 0.1%

Greensboro, NC; High Point, NC -6,718 3,981 -2,737 -0.1%

Charlotte, NC -11,137 -25,618 -36,755 -0.6%

Rocky Mount (part), NC -1,604 -1,270 -2,874 -0.3%

Wilmington, NC -2,671 2,552 -119 0.0%

Jacksonville, NC -2,302 -3,902 -6,204 -0.5%

Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC -1,914 -6,741 -8,655 -0.8%

Greenville, NC -2,221 -6,089 -8,311 -0.7%

High Point (part), NC -2,116 5,609 3,493 0.3%

Kannapolis, NC -2,191 3,992 1,801 0.2%

Raleigh, NC -10,271 -17,608 -27,879 -0.5%

Goldsboro, NC -1,922 -1,317 -3,239 -0.3%

Bismarck, ND 4,303 2,435 6,738 1.2%

Fargo, ND 7,560 1,473 9,032 0.9%

Grand Forks, ND 4,155 -1,386 2,769 0.5%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

Percent1

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

 Grand Forks County

 Wake County

 Wayne County

 Burleigh County

 Cass County

 Orange County

 Pitt County

 Randolph County

 Rowan County

 Mecklenburg County

 Nash County

 New Hanover County

 Onslow County

 Edgecombe County

 Forsyth County

 Gaston County

 Guilford County

 Catawba County

 Cumberland County

 Davidson County

 Durham County

 Buncombe County

 Burke County

 Cabarrus County

 Caldwell County

 Saratoga County

 Schenectady County

 Warren County

 Alamance County

 Orange County

 Queens County

 Rensselaer County

 Richmond County

 Albany County

 Bronx County

 Broome County

State, County

 Erie County

 Kings County

 Monroe County

 New York County

 Niagara County

 Oneida County

 Onondaga County

 Cayuga County

 Chautauqua County

 Chemung County

 Dutchess County

Net Effect

Appendix H-6
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Lima, OH 11,681 1,816 13,497 1.6%

Hamilton, OH; Middletown, OH 37,369 5,297 42,665 1.6%

Springfield, OH 15,884 2,791 18,676 1.6%

Cleveland, OH 150,531 -53,106 97,426 0.9%

Columbus (part), OH; Lancaster, OH 14,220 6,144 20,364 2.0%

Columbus (part), OH; Springfield, OR 113,653 -67,859 45,795 0.6%

Fairborn, OH 16,356 -268 16,088 1.4%

Cincinnati, OH 92,437 -39,368 53,069 0.8%

Steubenville, OH 8,035 3,180 11,215 2.0%

Newark, OH 15,252 5,698 20,949 1.9%

Elyria, OH; Lorain, OH 31,206 1,638 32,844 1.5%

Toledo, OH 48,796 -13,466 35,330 1.0%

Youngstown (part), OH 27,715 671 28,387 1.4%

Dayton, OH 60,833 -20,468 40,366 0.9%

Kent, OH 16,834 -244 16,590 1.4%

Mansfield, OH 14,005 3,782 17,787 1.8%

Canton, OH; Massillon, OH 41,078 10,480 51,558 1.8%

Akron, OH 59,616 -4,796 54,820 1.3%

Youngstown (part), OH; Warren, OH 24,618 5,407 30,024 1.7%

Marietta, OH 6,991 3,134 10,125 2.0%

Bowling Green, OH 13,279 1,221 14,500 1.5%

Oklahoma City (part), OK -367 2,092 1,725 0.3%

Oklahoma City (part), OK; Norman, OK -866 -3,303 -4,169 -0.3%

Lawton, OK -478 -1,776 -2,253 -0.3%

Enid, OK -236 1,003 767 0.2%

Oklahoma City (part), OK -113 524 412 0.2%

Oklahoma City (part), OK -2,683 -19,048 -21,731 -0.5%

Tulsa (part), OK -182 -3,828 -4,010 -1.4%

Oklahoma City (part), OK; Shawnee, OK -264 1,482 1,218 0.3%

Tulsa (part), OK -299 2,552 2,253 0.5%

Tulsa (part), OK -2,312 -4,303 -6,615 -0.2%

Corvallis, OR -1,323 -6,883 -8,206 -1.5%

Portland (part), OR -5,821 19,775 13,954 0.6%

Ashland, OR; Medford, OR -2,992 -1,068 -4,060 -0.3%

Eugene, OR; Springfield, OR -5,363 -6,256 -11,619 -0.5%

Salem (part), OR -4,597 -7,845 -12,443 -0.7%

Portland (part), OR -10,697 5,540 -5,157 -0.1%

Salem (part), OR -1,073 -1,044 -2,117 -0.5%

Portland (part), OR -7,027 13,615 6,588 0.2%

Pittsburgh, PA 241,206 59,908 301,114 2.8%

Reading, PA 69,254 -9,388 59,866 1.9%

Altoona,PA 25,083 -32 25,051 2.3%

Johnstown, PA 29,670 -1,639 28,031 2.1%

State College, PA 25,878 -13,777 12,101 1.0%

Carlisle, PA 40,726 6,632 47,357 2.6%

Harrisburg, PA 47,697 -8,781 38,917 1.8%

Erie, PA 53,178 -6,123 47,056 2.0%

Scranton, PA 39,536 20,699 60,235 3.5%

Lancaster, PA 89,235 -21,366 67,869 1.7%

Lebanon, PA 22,706 -3,257 19,450 1.9%

Allentown, PA; Bethlehem, PA 57,832 16,417 74,249 2.9%

Wilkes-Barre, PA 59,564 24,182 83,746 3.2%

Williamsport, PA 22,465 -2,639 19,827 2.0%

Sharon, PA 23,490 -1,417 22,072 2.1%

Bethlehem, PA 50,188 7,440 57,628 2.6%

Philadelphia, PA 271,875 -178,965 92,910 0.8%

York, PA 73,373 -4,784 68,589 2.1%

Warwick city, RI 40,618 26,311 66,929 3.8%

Pawtucket city, RI; Providence city, RI; Woonsocket city, RI 144,316 -19,502 124,814 1.9%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Percent1

 York County

 Kent County

 Providence County

Rhode Island

 Lycoming County

 Mercer County

 Northampton County

 Philadelphia County

 Lancaster County

 Lebanon County

 Lehigh County

 Luzerne County

 Cumberland County

 Dauphin County

 Erie County

 Lackawanna County

 Berks County

 Blair County

 Cambria County

 Centre County

 Multnomah County

 Polk County

 Washington County

 Allegheny County

Pennsylvania

 Clackamas County

 Jackson County

 Lane County

 Marion County

 Rogers County

 Tulsa County

 Benton County

Oregon

 McClain County

 Oklahoma County

 Osage County

 Pottawatomie County

 Cleveland County

 Comanche County

Oklahoma

 Garfield County

 Trumbull County

 Washington County

 Wood County

 Canadian County

 Portage County

 Richland County

 Stark County

 Summit County

 Lorain County

 Lucas County

 Mahoning County

 Montgomery County

 Greene County

 Hamilton County

 Jefferson County

 Licking County

 Clark County

 Cuyahoga County

 Fairfield County

 Franklin County

 Allen County

Ohio

 Butler County

Net Effect

Appendix H-7
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Aiken, SC -2,865 1,342 -1,522 -0.1%

Anderson, SC -3,446 9,458 6,012 0.4%

North Charleston (part), SC -2,869 -6,569 -9,438 -0.8%

Charleston, SC; North Charleston, SC -6,702 -16,243 -22,945 -0.8%

North Charleston (part), SC -1,858 -1,343 -3,201 -0.4%

Florence, SC -2,666 -268 -2,935 -0.3%

Greenville, SC -7,555 12,419 4,864 0.1%

Myrtle Beach, SC -3,819 4,449 630 0.0%

Columbia, SC -6,488 -16,592 -23,080 -0.8%

Spartanburg, SC -5,273 8,639 3,366 0.1%

Sumter, SC -2,262 -2,425 -4,687 -0.5%

Rock Hill, SC -3,348 5,046 1,698 0.1%

Sioux Falls (part), SD 935 1,634 2,569 1.6%

Sioux Falls (part), SD 6,328 7,476 13,804 1.3%

Rapid City, SD 3,792 2,242 6,034 0.9%

Oak Ridge (part), TN -209 2,739 2,531 0.4%

Johnson City (part), TN -157 3,396 3,240 0.6%

Nashville-Davidson, TN -1,559 -25,789 -27,348 -0.5%

Chattanooga, TN -860 -1,448 -2,308 -0.1%

Kingsport, TN -149 2,859 2,710 0.5%

Knoxville, TN -1,088 1,792 704 0.0%

Jackson, TN -254 -412 -666 -0.1%

Clarksville, TN -387 -3,100 -3,487 -0.3%

Murfreesboro, TN -522 -1,309 -1,831 -0.1%

Memphis, TN -2,530 -75,973 -78,503 -0.9%

Johnson City (part), TN; Kingsport, TN; Bristol, TN -443 9,402 8,958 0.6%

Johnson City (part), TN -305 3,253 2,948 0.3%

Wichita Falls (part), TX -800 649 -151 -0.3%

Killeen, TX; Temple, TX -21,800 6,447 -15,353 -1.0%

San Antonio, TX -127,868 -88,647 -216,515 -2.4%

Texarkana, TX -7,976 6,960 -1,017 -0.2%

Bryan, TX; College Station, TX -12,784 -3,921 -16,705 -1.9%

San Marcos (part), TX -3,160 -792 -3,952 -1.8%

Brownsville, TX; Harlingen, TX; San Benito, TX -30,906 -7,444 -38,350 -1.8%

Baytown, TX -2,343 1,175 -1,168 -0.7%

Dallas (part), TX -45,514 30,150 -15,364 -0.5%

New Braunfels (part), TX -7,474 6,327 -1,147 -0.2%

Dallas (part), TX; Irving, TX -196,613 -59,269 -255,883 -1.8%

Dallas (part), TX; Denton, TX -39,323 19,833 -19,490 -0.7%

Odessa (part), TX -11,836 7,810 -4,025 -0.5%

El Paso, TX -66,121 -67,398 -133,519 -2.8%

Houston (part), TX -34,623 12,755 -21,868 -0.9%

Galveston, TX; Texas City, TX -23,750 14,519 -9,232 -0.6%

Denison, TX; Sherman, TX -9,947 9,040 -908 -0.1%

Longview (part), TX -10,956 7,848 -3,108 -0.4%

New Braunfels (part), TX -7,886 1,877 -6,009 -1.1%

Houston (part), TX; Baytown, TX -307,564 -145,462 -453,026 -2.1%

Longview (part), TX; Marshall, TX -5,738 3,992 -1,746 -0.4%

San Marcos (part), TX -8,874 -1,393 -10,266 -1.6%

Edinburg, TX; McAllen, TX; Mission, TX -50,315 -48,871 -99,185 -2.8%

Beaumont, TX; Port Arthur, TX -22,939 17,610 -5,329 -0.3%

Dallas (part), TX -6,583 5,496 -1,087 -0.2%

Lubbock, TX -21,575 5,635 -15,940 -1.1%

Waco, TX -19,500 8,964 -10,536 -0.8%

Odessa (part), TX; Midland (part), TX -11,510 8,087 -3,423 -0.4%

Houston (part), TX; Conroe, TX -28,321 19,437 -8,884 -0.5%

Corpus Christi (part), TX -29,491 -18,966 -48,456 -2.3%

Amarillo (part), TX -10,448 5,977 -4,471 -0.6%

Amarillo (part), TX -9,675 8,972 -703 -0.1%

Dallas (part), TX -3,851 3,236 -615 -0.2%

Corpus Christi (part), TX -6,867 -2,379 -9,245 -1.9%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

Percent1

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

 Potter County

 Randall County

 Rockwall County

 San Patricio County

 McLennan County

 Midland County

 Montgomery County

 Nueces County

 Hidalgo County

 Jefferson County

 Kaufman County

 Lubbock County

 Guadalupe County

 Harris County

 Harrison County

 Hays County

 Fort Bend County

 Galveston County

 Grayson County

 Gregg County

 Dallas County

 Denton County

 Ector County

 El Paso County

 Cameron County

 Chambers County

 Collin County

 Comal County

 Bexar County

 Bowie County

 Brazos County

 Caldwell County

 Sullivan County

 Washington County

 Archer County

 Bell County

Texas

 Madison County

 Montgomery County

 Rutherford County

 Shelby County

 Davidson County

 Hamilton County

 Hawkins County

 Knox County

 Minnehaha County

 Pennington County

 Anderson County

 Carter County

 Spartanburg County

 Sumter County

 York County

 Lincoln County

 Florence County

 Greenville County

 Horry County

 Richland County

 Anderson County

 Berkeley County

 Charleston County

 Dorchester County

 Aiken County

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Net Effect

Appendix H-8
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Tyler, TX -16,425 10,266 -6,159 -0.5%

Fort Worth, TX; Arlington, TX -131,901 18,733 -113,168 -1.2%

Abilene (part), TX -11,519 7,043 -4,476 -0.6%

San Angelo, TX -9,679 5,407 -4,271 -0.6%

Austin (part), TX -69,743 -38,740 -108,483 -2.2%

Victoria, TX -7,859 2,246 -5,612 -1.0%

Laredo, TX -18,189 -982 -19,171 -1.5%

Wichita Falls (part), TX -12,326 10,134 -2,192 -0.3%

Austin (part), TX -23,626 10,161 -13,465 -0.8%

Clearfield, UT 89 8,480 8,569 0.7%

Salt Lake City, UT 320 22,738 23,058 0.5%

Orem, UT; Provo, UT 129 -18,641 -18,512 -1.0%

Ogden, UT 69 4,876 4,945 0.5%

Burlington city, VT 10,868 2,349 13,217 0.8%

Arlington, VA -4,509 -8,517 -13,026 -1.7%

Bristol, VA -439 569 129 0.2%

Charlottesville, VA -956 -1,014 -1,970 -1.2%

Danville, VA -1,276 689 -587 -0.3%

Fredericksburg, VA -567 -526 -1,093 -1.2%

Hampton, VA -3,490 -4,095 -7,585 -1.3%

Lynchburg, VA -1,659 513 -1,146 -0.4%

Newport News, VA -4,568 -7,677 -12,245 -1.6%

Norfolk, VA -5,196 -8,810 -14,005 -1.6%

Petersburg, VA -863 -10 -873 -0.6%

Portsmouth, VA -2,477 -3,378 -5,855 -1.4%

Richmond, VA -4,856 -7,352 -12,208 -1.5%

Roanoke, VA -2,364 1,460 -904 -0.2%

Suffolk, VA -1,664 -1,217 -2,881 -1.1%

Virginia Beach, VA -11,217 -4,554 -15,771 -0.9%

Kennewick, WA; Richland, WA -3,010 -3,664 -6,674 -0.7%

Vancouver, WA -7,503 13,897 6,394 0.3%

Pasco, WA -1,001 -5,694 -6,695 -2.1%

Bellevue, WA; Seattle, WA -35,791 28,976 -6,815 -0.1%

Bremerton, WA -5,179 -2,129 -7,307 -0.4%

Tacoma, WA -14,776 -287 -15,063 -0.3%

Everett, WA -13,213 25,113 11,900 0.3%

Spokane, WA -8,956 17,914 8,958 0.3%

Olympia, WA -4,533 -938 -5,471 -0.4%

Bellingham, WA -3,502 -6,195 -9,696 -0.9%

Yakima, WA -4,679 -25,978 -30,657 -2.0%

Weirton (part), WV 779 730 1,509 0.5%

Huntington (part), WV 2,832 -507 2,325 0.2%

Weirton (part), WV 1,018 1,274 2,291 0.6%

Charleston, WV 6,064 1,234 7,298 0.3%

Wheeling, WV 1,058 1,407 2,465 0.6%

Huntington (part), WV 1,270 720 1,990 0.4%

Parkersburg, WV 2,621 2,455 5,076 0.5%

Footnotes appear at end of table.

State, County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Amount 

(Thousands

Percent1

 Wayne County

 Wood County

 Cabell County

 Hancock County

 Kanawha County

 Marshall County

 Thurston County

 Whatcom County

 Yakima County

 Brooke County

West Virginia

 Weber County

 Chittenden County

 Arlington County

 Bristol city

Vermont

Virginia

 Williamson County

 Davis County

 Salt Lake County

 Utah County

Utah

 Travis County

 Victoria County

 Webb County

 Wichita County

 Smith County

 Tarrant County

 Taylor County

 Tom Green County

 Fredericksburg city

Net Effect

 Charlottesville city

 Danville city

 Suffolk city

 Norfolk city

 Petersburg city

 Portsmouth city

 Hampton city

 Lynchburg city

 Newport News city

 Franklin County

 Virginia Beach city

 Benton County

 Clark County

Washington

 Richmond city

 Roanoke city

Texas, cont.

 Pierce County

 Snohomish County

 Spokane County

 Kitsap County

 King County

Appendix H-9
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued

Green Bay, WI 20,264 3,029 23,293 1.6%

Appleton (part), WI 3,614 1,609 5,224 2.0%

Eau Claire (part), WI 5,050 2,080 7,130 2.0%

Madison, WI 40,547 -7,805 32,742 1.1%

Superior, WI 3,973 1,465 5,438 1.9%

Eau Claire (part), WI 8,314 -69 8,245 1.4%

Kenosha, WI 13,622 440 14,062 1.4%

La Crosse, WI 9,554 2 9,556 1.4%

Wausau, WI 11,513 3,193 14,705 1.8%

Milwaukee (part), WI 84,186 -77,653 6,532 0.1%

Appleton (part), WI 14,721 2,163 16,883 1.6%

Racine, WI 17,435 -2,051 15,384 1.2%

Beloit, WI; Janesville, WI 14,144 1,836 15,979 1.6%

Sheboygan, WI 10,271 1,745 12,016 1.6%

Milwaukee (part), WI 10,887 4,368 15,255 2.0%

Milwaukee (part), WI; Waukesha, WI 33,518 11,315 44,833 1.9%

Appleton (part), WI; Neenah, WI; Oshkosh, WI 13,970 2,664 16,634 1.7%

Cheyenne, WY -2,039 593 -1,446 -0.3%

Casper, WY -1,600 1,535 -66 0.0%

Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.

1

 Net Effect as a percent of the adjusted funding level under the eight programs over 2002-2012.

2

 Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original figures.

Amount 

(Thousands

Percent1

 Natrona County

 Washington County

 Waukesha County

 Winnebago County

 Laramie County

Wyoming

 Outagamie County

 Racine County

 Rock County

 Sheboygan County

 Kenosha County

 La Crosse County

 Marathon County

 Milwaukee County

 Chippewa County

 Dane County

 Douglas County

 Eau Claire County

 Brown County

 Calumet County

State, County

Wisconsin

Net Effect

Central City in County (in whole or part)

Between-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Within-State 

Effects 

(Thousands)

Appendix H-10
Appendix I: Metropolitan Areas with Center Counties and Central Cities 
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Calhoun County Anniston, ALDale County Dothan (part), ALEtowah County Gadsden, ALHouston County Dothan (part), ALJefferson County Birmingham (part), ALLauderdale County Florence, ALLee County Auburn, AL; Opelika, ALLimestone County Huntsville (part), ALMadison County Huntsville (part), ALMobile County Mobile, ALMontgomery County Montgomery, ALMorgan County Decatur (part), ALShelby County Birmingham (part), ALTuscaloosa County Tuscaloosa, ALAnchorage Borough Anchorage, AKCoconino County Flagstaff, AZMaricopa County Mesa, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; Scottsdale, AZ; Tempe, AZPima County Tucson, AZYuma County Yuma, AZBenton County Rogers, AR; Springdale (part), ARCraighead County Jonesboro, ARCrittenden County West Memphis, ARFaulkner County Conway, ARJefferson County Pine Bluff, ARMiller County Texarkana, ARPulaski County Jacksonville, AR; Little Rock, AR; North Little Rock, ASebastian County Fort Smith, ARWashington County Fayetteville, AR; Springdale (part), ARAlameda County Alameda, CA; Berkeley, CA; Oakland, CAButte County Chico, CA; Paradise, CAFresno County Fresno, CAKern County Bakersfield, CALos Angeles County Lancaster, CA; Long Beach, CA; Los Angeles, CA; PasMadera County Madera, CAMerced County Merced, CAMonterey County Monterey, CA; Salinas, CANapa County Napa, CAOrange County Anaheim, CA; Irvine, CA; Santa Ana, CA

 Anniston, AL MSA Dothan, AL MSA Gadsden, AL MSA Dothan, AL MSA Anchorage, AK MSA Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA Huntsville, AL MSA Mobile, AL MSA Montgomery, AL MSA Decatur, AL MSA Phoenix-Mesa, AZ MSA Tucson, AZ MSA Yuma, AZ MSA Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA Jonesboro, AR MSA Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA Pine Bluff, AR MSA Fresno, CA MSA Merced, CA MSA Salinas, CA MSA Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA Orange County, CA PMSAArizonaArkansas

Appendix I. Metropolitan Areas with Center Counties and Central Cities

State, MSAAlabamaAlaska Birmingham, AL MSA Tuscaloosa, AL MSA Birmingham, AL MSA Florence, AL MSA Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA Huntsville, AL MSACalifornia Oakland, CA PMSA Chico-Paradise, CA MSA Fresno, CA MSA Bakersfield, CA MSA Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA

Appendix I-1
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Riverside County Hemet, CA; Palm Desert, CA; Palm Springs, CA; RiverSacramento County Sacramento, CASan Bernardino County San Bernardino, CASan Diego County Coronado, CA; Escondido, CA; San Diego, CASan Francisco County San Francisco, CASan Joaquin County Lodi, CA; Stockton, CASan Luis Obispo County Atascadero, CA; El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA; Santa Barbara County Lompoc, CA; Santa Barbara, CA; Santa Maria, CASanta Clara County Gilroy, CA; Palo Alto, CA; San Jose, CA; Santa Clara, CSanta Cruz County Santa Cruz, CA; Watsonville, CAShasta County Redding, CASolano County Fairfield, CA; Vallejo, CASonoma County Petaluma, CA; Santa Rosa, CAStanislaus County Modesto, CA; Turlock, CASutter County Yuba City, CATulare County Porterville, CA; Tulare, CA; Visalia, CAVentura County San Buenaventura (Ventura), CAYolo County Davis, CA; Woodland, CABoulder County Boulder, CO; Longmont, CODenver County Denver, COEl Paso County Colorado Springs, COLarimer County Fort Collins, CO; Loveland, COMesa County Grand Junction, COPueblo County Pueblo, COWeld County Greeley, COFairfield County Bridgeport city, CT; Danbury city, CT; Norwalk city, CHartford County Hartford city, CTMiddlesex County Middletown city, CTNew Haven County Meriden city, CT; New Haven city, CT; Waterbury city, New London County New London city, CT; Norwich city, CTKent County Dover, DENew Castle County Newark, DE; Wilmington, DEDistrict of Columbia Washington, DCAlachua County Gainesville, FLBay County Panama City, FLBrevard County Melbourne, FL; Palm Bay, FL; Titusville, FLBroward County Fort Lauderdale, FL

 Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA Sacramento, CA PMSA Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA San Diego, CA MSA San Francisco, CA PMSA Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA Santa Rosa, CA PMSA Modesto, CA MSA San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA MSA Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA MSA San Jose, CA PMSA Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA PMSA Boulder-Longmont, CO PMSA Denver, CO PMSA Colorado Springs, CO MSA Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA Grand Junction, CO MSA Pueblo, CO MSA Greeley, CO PMSA New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA Hartford, CT NECMA Hartford, CT NECMA New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA New London-Norwich, CT NECMA Panama City, FL MSA Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL MSA Dover, DE MSA Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA Gainesville, FL MSACalifornia, continuedColorado Yuba City, CA MSA Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA MSA Ventura, CA PMSA Yolo, CA PMSA Redding, CA MSA Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSAState, MSAConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

Appendix I-2
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Charlotte County Punta Gorda, FLCollier County Naples, FLDuval County Jacksonville, FLEscambia County Pensacola, FLHillsborough County Tampa, FLLee County Cape Coral, FL; Fort Myers, FLLeon County Tallahassee, FLManatee County Bradenton, FLMarion County Ocala, FLMiami-Dade County Miami, FL; Miami Beach, FLOkaloosa County Fort Walton Beach, FLOrange County Orlando, FLPalm Beach County Boca Raton, FL; West Palm Beach, FLPinellas County Clearwater, FL; St Petersburg, FLPolk County Lakeland, FL; Winter Haven, FLSarasota County Sarasota, FLSt. Lucie County Fort Pierce, FL; Port St Lucie, FLVolusia County Daytona Beach, FLBibb County Macon (part), GAChatham County Savannah, GAClarke County Athens-Clarke County, GADeKalb County Atlanta (part), GADougherty County Albany, GAFulton County Atlanta (part), GAJones County Macon (part), GAMuscogee County Columbus, GARichmond County Augusta-Richmond, GAHonolulu County Honolulu, HIAda County Boise City, IDBannock County Pocatello (part), IDCanyon County Nampa, IDChampaign County Champaign, IL; Urbana, ILCook County Chicago (part), IL; Elgin, IL; Evanston, ILDeKalb County DeKalb, ILDuPage County Chicago (part), IL; Aurora, ILKane County Elgin, IL; Aurora, ILKankakee County Kankakee, ILLake County North Chicago, IL

 Punta Gorda, FL MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

 Naples, FL MSA Jacksonville, FL MSA Pensacola, FL MSA Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA Tallahassee, FL MSA Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA Ocala, FL MSA Miami, FL PMSA Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA Orlando, FL MSA West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL MSA Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA Daytona Beach, FL MSA Macon, GA MSA Savannah, GA MSA Athens, GA MSAGeorgia Atlanta, GA MSA Albany, GA MSA Atlanta, GA MSA Macon, GA MSA Champaign-Urbana, IL MSA Chicago, IL PMSAIllinois Columbus, GA-AL MSA Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA Honolulu, HI MSA Boise City, ID MSAHawaiiIdaho Chicago, IL PMSA Chicago, IL PMSA Chicago, IL PMSA Kankakee, IL PMSAState, MSAFlorida, continued Chicago, IL PMSA Pocatello, ID MSA Boise City, ID MSA

Appendix I-3
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Macon County Decatur, ILMadison County Alton, IL; Granite City, ILMcLean County Bloomington, IL; Normal, ILPeoria County Pekin (part), IL; Peoria, ILRock Island County Moline, IL; Rock Island, ILSangamon County Springfield, ILSt. Clair County Belleville, IL; East St Louis, ILTazewell County Pekin (part), ILWill County Joliet, ILWinnebago County Rockford, ILAllen County Fort Wayne, INDelaware County Muncie, INElkhart County Elkhart, IN; Goshen, INFloyd County New Albany, INHoward County Kokomo, INLake County East Chicago, IN; Gary, INMadison County Anderson, INMarion County Indianapolis, INMonroe County Bloomington, INSt. Joseph County South Bend, INTippecanoe County Lafayette, INVanderburgh County Evansville, INVigo County Terre Haute, INBlack Hawk County Cedar Falls, IA; Waterloo, IADubuque County Dubuque, IAJohnson County Iowa City, IALinn County Cedar Rapids, IAPolk County Des Moines, IAPottawattamie County Council Bluffs, IAScott County Davenport, IAWoodbury County Sioux City, IADouglas County Lawrence, KSJohnson County Olathe, KSLeavenworth County Leavenworth, KSSedgwick County Wichita, KSShawnee County Topeka, KSWyandotte County Kansas City, KSBoyd County Ashland, KY

 Decatur, IL MSA St. Louis, MO-IL MSA Bloomington-Normal, IL MSA Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA Springfield, IL MSA St. Louis, MO-IL MSA Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA Chicago, IL PMSA Rockford, IL MSAIndiana Fort Wayne, IN MSA Muncie, IN MSA Elkhart-Goshen, IN MSA Louisville, KY-IN MSA Kokomo, IN MSA Gary, IN PMSA Indianapolis, IN MSA Indianapolis, IN MSA Bloomington, IN MSA South Bend, IN MSA Lafayette, IN MSA Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA Terre Haute, IN MSA Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA Dubuque, IA MSAIowa Iowa City, IA MSA Cedar Rapids, IA MSA Des Moines, IA MSA Omaha, NE-IA MSA Kansas City, MO-KS MSA Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA Sioux City, IA-NE MSA Lawrence, KS MSAKansas Kansas City, MO-KS MSA Kansas City, MO-KS MSA Wichita, KS MSA Topeka, KS MSAState, MSAKentuckyIllinois, continued

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

Appendix I-4
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Christian County Hopkinsville, KYDaviess County Owensboro, KYFayette County Lexington-Fayette, KYHenderson County Henderson, KYJefferson County Louisville, KYBossier Parish Shreveport (part), LA; Bossier City, LACaddo Parish Shreveport (part), LACalcasieu Parish Lake Charles, LAEast Baton Rouge Parish Baton Rouge, LALafayette Parish Lafayette, LAOrleans Parish New Orleans, LAOuachita Parish Monroe, LARapides Parish Alexandria, LASt. Tammany Parish Slidell, LATerrebonne Parish Houma, LAAndroscoggin County Auburn city, ME; Lewiston city, MECumberland County Portland city, MEPenobscot County Bangor city, MEAllegany County Cumberland, MDAnne Arundel County Annapolis, MDBaltimore city Baltimore, MDFrederick County Frederick, MDWashington County Hagerstown, MDBarnstable County Barnstable city, MA; Yarmouth town, MABerkshire County Pittsfield city, MABristol County Attleboro city, MA; Fall River city, MA; New Bedford cEssex County Gloucester city, MA; Lawrence city, MA; Lynn city, MAHampden County Holyoke city, MA; Springfield city, MA; Westfield cityHampshire County Northampton city, MAMiddlesex County Cambridge city, MA; Lowell city, MA; Waltham city, MPlymouth County Brockton city, MASuffolk County Boston city, MAWorcester County Fitchburg city, MA; Leominster city, MA; Worcester citAllegan County Holland (part), MIBay County Midland (part), MI; Bay City, MICalhoun County Battle Creek, MIEaton County Lansing (part), MI

 Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA Lake Charles, LA MSALouisiana Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA Louisville, KY-IN MSA Baton Rouge, LA MSA Lafayette, LA MSA New Orleans, LA MSA Monroe, LA MSA Alexandria, LA MSA New Orleans, LA MSA Houma, LA MSAMaine Lewiston-Auburn, ME NECMA Portland, ME NECMA Bangor, ME NECMAMaryland Cumberland, MD-WV MSA Baltimore, MD PMSA Baltimore, MD PMSA Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA Hagerstown, MD PMSA Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA NECMA Pittsfield, MA NECMAMassachusetts Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Springfield, MA NECMA Springfield, MA NECMA Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSAMichigan Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSAState, MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

 Owensboro, KY MSA Lexington, KY MSA Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSAKentucky, continued

Appendix I-5
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Genesee County Flint, MIIngham County Lansing (part), MI; East Lansing, MIJackson County Jackson, MIKalamazoo County Kalamazoo, MIKent County Grand Rapids, MIMidland County Midland (part), MIMuskegon County Muskegon, MIOakland County Pontiac, MIOttawa County Holland (part), MISaginaw County Saginaw, MISt. Clair County Port Huron, MIWashtenaw County Ann Arbor, MIWayne County Detroit, MI; Dearborn, MIBenton County St Cloud (part), MNClay County Moorhead, MNHennepin County Minneapolis, MNOlmsted County Rochester, MNRamsey County St Paul, MNSt. Louis County Duluth, MNStearns County St Cloud (part), MNForrest County Hattiesburg (part), MSHarrison County Biloxi, MS; Gulfport, MSHinds County Jackson (part), MSJackson County Pascagoula, MSLamar County Hattiesburg (part), MSMadison County Jackson (part), MSRankin County Jackson (part), MSBoone County Columbia, MOBuchanan County St Joseph, MOCass County Kansas City (part), MOChristian County Springfield (part), MOClay County Kansas City (part), MOGreene County Springfield (part), MOJackson County Kansas City (part), MOJasper County Joplin (part), MONewton County Joplin (part), MOPlatte County Kansas City (part), MOSt. Charles County St Charles, MOSt. Louis city St Louis, MO

 Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA Flint, MI PMSA Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA Jackson, MI MSA Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA Detroit, MI PMSA Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA Detroit, MI PMSA Ann Arbor, MI PMSA Detroit, MI PMSAMinnesota St. Cloud, MN MSA Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA Rochester, MN MSA Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA St. Cloud, MN MSAMississippi Hattiesburg, MS MSA Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA Jackson, MS MSA Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA Hattiesburg, MS MSA Jackson, MS MSA Jackson, MS MSAMissouri Columbia, MO MSA St. Joseph, MO MSA Kansas City, MO-KS MSA Springfield, MO MSA Kansas City, MO-KS MSA Springfield, MO MSA Kansas City, MO-KS MSA Joplin, MO MSA Joplin, MO MSA Kansas City, MO-KS MSA St. Louis, MO-IL MSA St. Louis, MO-IL MSAState, MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

Michigan, continued

Appendix I-6
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Cascade County Great Falls, MTMissoula County Missoula, MTYellowstone County Billings, MTDouglas County Omaha, NELancaster County Lincoln, NEClark County Las Vegas, NVWashoe County Reno, NVHillsborough County Manchester city, NH; Nashua city, NHRockingham County Portsmouth city, NHStrafford County Rochester city, NHAtlantic County Atlantic City, NJCamden County Camden, NJCumberland County Bridgeton, NJ; Millville, NJ; Vineland, NJEssex County Newark, NJHudson County Bayonne, NJ; Jersey City, NJMercer County Trenton, NJMorris County Dover, NJBernalillo County Albuquerque, NMDona Ana County Las Cruces, NMSanta Fe County Santa Fe, NMAlbany County Albany, NYBronx County Borough of the Bronx, NYBroome County Binghamton, NYCayuga County Auburn, NYChautauqua County Jamestown, NYChemung County Elmira, NYDutchess County Poughkeepsie, NYErie County Buffalo, NYKings County Borough of Brooklyn, NYMonroe County Rochester, NYNew York County Borough of Manhattan, NYNiagara County Niagara Falls, NYOneida County Rome, NY; Utica, NYOnondaga County Syracuse, NYOrange County Newburgh, NYQueens County Borough of Queens, NY

 Great Falls, MT MSA Missoula, MT MSA Billings, MT MSAMontana Omaha, NE-IA MSA Lincoln, NE MSANebraskaNevada Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA Reno, NV MSA Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMANew Hampshire Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA Atlantic-Cape May, NJ PMSANew Jersey Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ PMSA Newark, NJ PMSA Jersey City, NJ PMSA Trenton, NJ PMSA Newark, NJ PMSA Albuquerque, NM MSANew Mexico Syracuse, NY MSA Jamestown, NY MSA Las Cruces, NM MSA Santa Fe, NM MSA Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSANew York Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA New York, NY PMSA Rochester, NY MSA New York, NY PMSA Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

State, MSA Utica-Rome, NY MSA Syracuse, NY MSA Elmira, NY MSA Dutchess County, NY PMSA Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA New York, NY PMSA New York, NY PMSA Binghamton, NY MSA

Appendix I-7
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Rensselaer County Troy, NYRichmond County Borough of Staten Island, NYSaratoga County Saratoga Springs, NYSchenectady County Schenectady, NYWarren County Glens Falls, NYAlamance County Burlington, NCBuncombe County Asheville, NCBurke County Hickory (part), NC; Morganton, NCCabarrus County Concord, NC; Kannapolis, NCCaldwell County Lenoir, NCCatawba County Hickory (part), NCCumberland County Fayetteville, NCDavidson County High Point (part), NCDurham County Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NCEdgecombe County Rocky Mount (part), NCForsyth County Winston-Salem, NC; High Point, NCGaston County Gastonia, NCGuilford County Greensboro, NC; High Point, NCMecklenburg County Charlotte, NCNash County Rocky Mount (part), NCNew Hanover County Wilmington, NCOnslow County Jacksonville, NCOrange County Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NCPitt County Greenville, NCRandolph County High Point (part), NCRowan County Kannapolis, NCWake County Raleigh, NCWayne County Goldsboro, NCBurleigh County Bismarck, NDCass County Fargo, NDGrand Forks County Grand Forks, NDAllen County Lima, OHButler County Hamilton, OH; Middletown, OHClark County Springfield, OHCuyahoga County Cleveland, OHFairfield County Columbus (part), OH; Lancaster, OHFranklin County Columbus (part), OH; Springfield, ORGreene County Fairborn, OHHamilton County Cincinnati, OH

New York, continuedState, MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA New York, NY PMSA Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA Glens Falls, NY MSA Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA Asheville, NC MSANorth Carolina Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA Fayetteville, NC MSA Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA Rocky Mount, NC MSA Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA Rocky Mount, NC MSA Wilmington, NC MSA Jacksonville, NC MSA Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA Greenville, NC MSA Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA Goldsboro, NC MSA Bismarck, ND MSA Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSANorth Dakota Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA Lima, OH MSA Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSAOhio Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA Columbus, OH MSA Columbus, OH MSA Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA

Appendix I-8
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Jefferson County Steubenville, OHLicking County Newark, OHLorain County Elyria, OH; Lorain, OHLucas County Toledo, OHMahoning County Youngstown (part), OHMontgomery County Dayton, OHPortage County Kent, OHRichland County Mansfield, OHStark County Canton, OH; Massillon, OHSummit County Akron, OHTrumbull County Youngstown (part), OH; Warren, OHWashington County Marietta, OHWood County Bowling Green, OHCanadian County Oklahoma City (part), OKCleveland County Oklahoma City (part), OK; Norman, OKComanche County Lawton, OKGarfield County Enid, OKMcClain County Oklahoma City (part), OKOklahoma County Oklahoma City (part), OKOsage County Tulsa (part), OKPottawatomie County Oklahoma City (part), OK; Shawnee, OKRogers County Tulsa (part), OKTulsa County Tulsa (part), OKBenton County Corvallis, ORClackamas County Portland (part), ORJackson County Ashland, OR; Medford, ORLane County Eugene, OR; Springfield, ORMarion County Salem (part), ORMultnomah County Portland (part), ORPolk County Salem (part), ORWashington County Portland (part), ORAllegheny County Pittsburgh, PABerks County Reading, PABlair County Altoona,PACambria County Johnstown, PACentre County State College, PACumberland County Carlisle, PADauphin County Harrisburg, PAErie County Erie, PA

 Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA Columbus, OH MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

State, MSAOhio, continued Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA Toledo, OH MSA Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA Akron, OH PMSA Mansfield, OH MSA Canton-Massillon, OH MSA Akron, OH PMSA Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA Toledo, OH MSAOklahoma Oklahoma City, OK MSA Oklahoma City, OK MSA Lawton, OK MSA Enid, OK MSA Oklahoma City, OK MSA Oklahoma City, OK MSA Tulsa, OK MSA Oklahoma City, OK MSA Tulsa, OK MSA Tulsa, OK MSA Corvallis, OR MSAOregon Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA Medford-Ashland, OR MSA Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA Salem, OR PMSA Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA Salem, OR PMSA Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA Pittsburgh, PA MSA Reading, PA MSA Altoona, PA MSAPennsylvania Johnstown, PA MSA State College, PA MSA Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA Erie, PA MSA

Appendix I-9
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Lackawanna County Scranton, PALancaster County Lancaster, PALebanon County Lebanon, PALehigh County Allentown, PA; Bethlehem, PALuzerne County Wilkes-Barre, PALycoming County Williamsport, PAMercer County Sharon, PANorthampton County Bethlehem, PAPhiladelphia County Philadelphia, PAYork County York, PAKent County Warwick city, RIProvidence County Pawtucket city, RI; Providence city, RI; Woonsocket citAiken County Aiken, SCAnderson County Anderson, SCBerkeley County North Charleston (part), SCCharleston County Charleston, SC; North Charleston, SCDorchester County North Charleston (part), SCFlorence County Florence, SCGreenville County Greenville, SCHorry County Myrtle Beach, SCRichland County Columbia, SCSpartanburg County Spartanburg, SCSumter County Sumter, SCYork County Rock Hill, SCLincoln County Sioux Falls (part), SDMinnehaha County Sioux Falls (part), SDPennington County Rapid City, SDAnderson County Oak Ridge (part), TNCarter County Johnson City (part), TNDavidson County Nashville-Davidson, TNHamilton County Chattanooga, TNHawkins County Kingsport, TNKnox County Knoxville, TNMadison County Jackson, TNMontgomery County Clarksville, TNRutherford County Murfreesboro, TNShelby County Memphis, TNSullivan County Johnson City (part), TN; Kingsport, TN; Bristol, TN

Pennsylvania, continued

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

State, MSA Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA Lancaster, PA MSA Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA Williamsport, PA MSA Sharon, PA MSA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA York, PA MSARhode Island Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSASouth Carolina Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA Sumter, SC MSA Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA Florence, SC MSA Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA Myrtle Beach, SC MSA Columbia, SC MSA Sioux Falls, SD MSA Sioux Falls, SD MSA Rapid City, SD MSATennessee Knoxville, TN MSA Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA Nashville, TN MSA Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA Knoxville, TN MSA Jackson, TN MSA Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA Nashville, TN MSA Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSASouth Dakota

Appendix I-10
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Washington County Johnson City (part), TNArcher County Wichita Falls (part), TXBell County Killeen, TX; Temple, TXBexar County San Antonio, TXBowie County Texarkana, TXBrazos County Bryan, TX; College Station, TXCaldwell County San Marcos (part), TXCameron County Brownsville, TX; Harlingen, TX; San Benito, TXChambers County Baytown, TXCollin County Dallas (part), TXComal County New Braunfels (part), TXDallas County Dallas (part), TX; Irving, TXDenton County Dallas (part), TX; Denton, TXEctor County Odessa (part), TXEl Paso County El Paso, TXFort Bend County Houston (part), TXGalveston County Galveston, TX; Texas City, TXGrayson County Denison, TX; Sherman, TXGregg County Longview (part), TXGuadalupe County New Braunfels (part), TXHarris County Houston (part), TX; Baytown, TXHarrison County Longview (part), TX; Marshall, TXHays County San Marcos (part), TXHidalgo County Edinburg, TX; McAllen, TX; Mission, TXJefferson County Beaumont, TX; Port Arthur, TXKaufman County Dallas (part), TXLubbock County Lubbock, TXMcLennan County Waco, TXMidland County Odessa (part), TX; Midland (part), TXMontgomery County Houston (part), TX; Conroe, TXNueces County Corpus Christi (part), TXPotter County Amarillo (part), TXRandall County Amarillo (part), TXRockwall County Dallas (part), TXSan Patricio County Corpus Christi (part), TXSmith County Tyler, TXTarrant County Fort Worth, TX; Arlington, TXTaylor County Abilene (part), TXTom Green County San Angelo, TXTravis County Austin (part), TXVictoria County Victoria, TX

 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

State, MSATennessee, continued Wichita Falls, TX MSA Killeen-Temple, TX MSA San Antonio, TX MSATexas Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA Bryan-College Station, TX MSA Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX MSA Houston, TX PMSA Dallas, TX PMSA San Antonio, TX MSA Dallas, TX PMSA Dallas, TX PMSA Odessa-Midland, TX MSA El Paso, TX MSA Houston, TX PMSA Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA Sherman-Denison, TX MSA Longview-Marshall, TX MSA San Antonio, TX MSA Houston, TX PMSA Longview-Marshall, TX MSA Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX MSA Dallas, TX PMSA Lubbock, TX MSA Waco, TX MSA Odessa-Midland, TX MSA Houston, TX PMSA Corpus Christi, TX MSA Amarillo, TX MSA Amarillo, TX MSA Dallas, TX PMSA Corpus Christi, TX MSA Tyler, TX MSA Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA Abilene, TX MSA San Angelo, TX MSA Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA Victoria, TX MSA

Appendix I-11
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Webb County Laredo, TXWichita County Wichita Falls (part), TXWilliamson County Austin (part), TXDavis County Clearfield, UTSalt Lake County Salt Lake City, UTUtah County Orem, UT; Provo, UTWeber County Ogden, UTChittenden County Burlington city, VTArlington County Arlington, VABristol city Bristol, VACharlottesville city Charlottesville, VADanville city Danville, VAFredericksburg city Fredericksburg, VAHampton city Hampton, VALynchburg city Lynchburg, VANewport News city Newport News, VANorfolk city Norfolk, VAPetersburg city Petersburg, VAPortsmouth city Portsmouth, VARichmond city Richmond, VARoanoke city Roanoke, VASuffolk city Suffolk, VAVirginia Beach city Virginia Beach, VABenton County Kennewick, WA; Richland, WAClark County Vancouver, WAFranklin County Pasco, WAKing County Bellevue, WA; Seattle, WAKitsap County Bremerton, WAPierce County Tacoma, WASnohomish County Everett, WASpokane County Spokane, WAThurston County Olympia, WAWhatcom County Bellingham, WAYakima County Yakima, WABrooke County Weirton (part), WVCabell County Huntington (part), WVHancock County Weirton (part), WV

 Laredo, TX MSA Wichita Falls, TX MSA Austin-San Marcos, TX MSATexas, continued

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

State, MSA Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA Provo-Orem, UT MSAUtah Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA Burlington, VT NECMAVermontVirginia Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA Charlottesville, VA MSA Danville, VA MSA Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA Lynchburg, VA MSA Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA Roanoke, VA MSA Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSAWashington Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA Bremerton, WA PMSA Tacoma, WA PMSA Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA Spokane, WA MSA Olympia, WA PMSA Bellingham, WA MSA Yakima, WA MSAWest Virginia Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA

Appendix I-12
Center County Central City in County (in whole or part)

Kanawha County Charleston, WVMarshall County Wheeling, WVWayne County Huntington (part), WVWood County Parkersburg, WVBrown County Green Bay, WICalumet County Appleton (part), WIChippewa County Eau Claire (part), WIDane County Madison, WIDouglas County Superior, WIEau Claire County Eau Claire (part), WIKenosha County Kenosha, WILa Crosse County La Crosse, WIMarathon County Wausau, WIMilwaukee County Milwaukee (part), WIOutagamie County Appleton (part), WIRacine County Racine, WIRock County Beloit, WI; Janesville, WISheboygan County Sheboygan, WIWashington County Milwaukee (part), WIWaukesha County Milwaukee (part), WI; Waukesha, WIWinnebago County Appleton (part), WI; Neenah, WI; Oshkosh, WILaramie County Cheyenne, WYNatrona County Casper, WY

West Virginia, continued

Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued

State, MSA Charleston, WV MSA Eau Claire, WI MSA Madison, WI MSA Wheeling, WV-OH MSA Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSAWisconsin Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA Sheboygan, WI MSA Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA Wausau, WI MSA Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA Cheyenne, WY MSAWyomingSource: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers. Casper, WY MSA Racine, WI PMSA Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA Eau Claire, WI MSA Kenosha, WI PMSA La Crosse, WI-MN MSA Green Bay, WI MSA Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA

Appendix I-13
Appendix J: Contact Information 
Contact Information 

U.S. Census Monitoring Board PricewaterhouseCoopers

Mark Johnson Dr. Peter Merrill 

Executive Director, Presidential Members 1301 K Street NW, 800W 

4700 Silver Hill Rd., Suite 1250 Washington, DC 20005 

Suitland, MD 20746 Voice: 202-414-1000 

Voice: 301-457-9900 Fax: 202-414-1301 

Fax: 301-457-9901 Website: www.pwcglobal.com

Website: www.cmbp.gov

Media Contacts 

John Chambers Marc Eiger 

U.S. Census Monitoring Board, PricewaterhouseCoopers 

 Presidential Members 1301 Avenue of the Americas 

4700 Silver Hill Rd., Suite 1250 New York, NY 10019 

Suitland, MD 20746 Voice: 212-596-8000 

Voice: 301-457-9900 Fax: 212-259-5324 

Fax: 301-457-9901