114TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION/SENATE DOCUMENT 114–15

NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH

SCHOOLS, 2016–2017

Resolved: The United States Federal

Government Should Substantially Increase Its

Economic and/or Diplomatic Engagement

with the People’s Republic of China

NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, 2016–2017

Pursuant to 44 United States Code, Section 1333

Compiled by the Congressional Research Service

Library of Congress

U.S. Government Publishing Office

Washington, DC 2016
(II)

44 U.S.C., SECTION 1333

CHAPTER 13—PARTICULAR REPORTS AND DOCUMENTS

Sec. 1333. National high school and college debate topics

(a) The Librarian of Congress shall prepare compilations of pertinent excerpts,

bibliographical references, and other appropriate materials relating to:

(1) the subject selected annually by the National University Extension Association as the national high school debate topic and

(2) the subject selected annually by the American Speech Association as the

national college debate topic.

In preparing the compilations the Librarian shall include materials which in his

judgment are representative of, and give equal emphasis to, the opposing points of

view on the respective topics.

(b) The compilations on the high school debate topics shall be printed as Senate

documents and the compilations on the college debate topics shall be printed as

House of Representative documents, the cost of which shall be charged to the

congressional allotment for printing and binding. Additional copies may be

printed in the quantities and distributed in the manner the Joint Committee

on Printing directs.

(P.L. 90–620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1270)

Historical and Revision Notes

Based on 44 U.S. Code, 1964 ed., Supp. III, Sec. 170 [Sec. 276a] (Dec. 30, 1963, Pub.

L. 88–246, Secs. 1, 2, 77 Stat. 802)
(III)

CONTENTS

Page

FOREWORD ............................................................................................................ V

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 3

SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 3

I. BACKGROUND AND RECENT HISTORY OF CHINA’S ECONOMIC AND

DIPLOMATIC POLICIES ................................................................................... 4

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 4

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 4

II. ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT—THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF CHINA’S ECONOMIC RISE ............................................................... 5

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 5

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 6

GOVERNMENT REPORTS ................................................................................ 6

WEBSITES ........................................................................................................... 6

CHINA IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY ....................................................................... 7

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 7

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 8

TRADE AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION BETWEEN THE U.S. AND

CHINA .................................................................................................................. 8

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 8

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 10

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 10

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ....................................................................... 11

WEBSITES ........................................................................................................... 11

RESOLVING TRADE DISPUTES WITH CHINA—CYBERSECURITY/

CYBERTHREATS ................................................................................................ 11

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 11

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 12

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 13

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ................................................................ 13

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 13

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 14

INDUSTRIAL POLICIES ....................................................................................... 14

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 14

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 15

III. DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT—CHINA: FRIEND OR FOE? .................... 15

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 15

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 17

DIPLOMATIC CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES ..................................... 17

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 17

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 18

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ................................................................................. 19

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 19

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 21

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 21

CONFERENCES .................................................................................................. 21

HUMAN RIGHTS .................................................................................................... 22

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 22

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 24

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 25

ENGAGEMENT WITH CHINA ON GLOBAL ISSUES ....................................... 26

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 26

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 28

CONFERENCES .................................................................................................. 29

NORTH KOREA ...................................................................................................... 29

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 29
Page

IV

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 31

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 31

SOUTH CHINA SEA ............................................................................................... 32

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 32

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 34

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 35

CONFERENCES .................................................................................................. 35

TIBET ....................................................................................................................... 36

ARTICLES ............................................................................................................ 36

BOOKS .................................................................................................................. 37

REPORTS ............................................................................................................. 39

WEBSITES ........................................................................................................... 39

SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................... 40
(V)

Foreword

The 2016–2017 high school debate topic is: ‘‘Resolved: The United States

Federal Government Should Substantially Increase Its Economic and/or Diplomatic

Engagement with the People’s Republic of China.’’

The Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress prepared this bibliography to assist high school debaters in researching the topic. This

bibliography is intended to assist debaters in the identification of further references

and resources on the subject. In selecting items for inclusion in this bibliography,

CRS has sampled a wide spectrum of opinions reflected in the current literature on

this topic. No preference for any policy is indicated by the selection or positioning

of articles, books, or websites cited, nor is CRS disapproval of any policy, position,

or article to be inferred from its omission.

The bibliography was prepared by Valerie Cervantes, Audrey Crane-Hirsch,

Sundeep Mahendra, George Mangan, Yuwu Song, and Jeffrey Wang, Reference Librarians, and Digital Services Librarians in the Knowledge Services Group of CRS

and in the Asian Reading Room of The Library of Congress.

The project team leader was Jerry W. Mansfield, Lead Information Services

Coordinator, Knowledge Services Group.

We wish the best to each debater as they research, prepare, and present

arguments on this year’s topic.

Mary B. Mazanec, Director

Congressional Research Service

NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, 2016-2017

RESOLVED: THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD

SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE ITS ECONOMIC AND/OR DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT

WITH THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE 2016-2017

HIGH SCHOOL DEBATE TOPIC

Compiled by

Valerie Cervantes, Audrey Crane-Hirsch, Sundeep Mahendra, George Mangan, Yuwu Song, and

Jeffrey Wang, Reference Librarians, and Digital Services Librarians in the Knowledge Services

Group of CRS and in the Asian Reading Room of the Library of Congress

under the direction of project team leader

Jerry W. Mansfield, Lead Information Services Coordinator,

Knowledge Services Group

August 2016

Introduction

The 2016-2017 high school debate topic is: “Resolved: The United States Federal Government

Should Substantially Increase Its Economic and/or Diplomatic Engagement with the People’s

Republic of China.” The topic is selected annually by ballot of the delegates from the National

Catholic Forensic League, the National Debate Coaches Association, and the National Speech

and Debate Association, all organized under the umbrella organization, the National Federation

of State High School Associations.

This selective bibliography, with brief annotations, is intended to assist debaters in identifying

resources and references on the national debate topic. It lists citations to books, congressional

publications, journal articles, legal cases, organizations, and websites. The bibliography is

divided into three broad sections: “Background and Recent History of China’s Economic and

Diplomatic Policies,” “Economic Engagement,” and “Diplomatic Engagement.”

Summary

The purpose of the bibliography is to provide students with a brief overview of information

related to the 2016-2017 high school debate topic.

This compilation is not intended to provide complete coverage of the topic. Further research on

the topic may be accomplished at high school, research, depository, and public libraries.

In addition to the resources included in this bibliography, there are many more international

organizations, U.S. Government agencies, private think tanks, and non-governmental

organizations (NGOs) that provide information on the debate topic and sub-topics on their

websites. Debaters are encouraged to consult library resources as well as the Internet for their

research.

(3)
I. Background and Recent History of China’s Economic

and Diplomatic Policies

Articles

Gonzalez-Vicente, Ruben. “The Limits to China’s Non-interference Foreign Policy: Pro-state

Interventionism and the Rescaling of Economic Governance.” Australian Journal of

International Affairs, vol. 69, no. 2 (2015): 205-223.

The Chinese foreign policy principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of sovereign

countries is examined and analyzed to judge its effects on diplomatic engagement and economic

activities. The author concludes that the non-interference policy empowers political elites at the

national level, fortifying the power of nation-states as “gatekeeper and facilitator of the

advancement of capitalist enterprises,” thereby fostering state-based regional economic

governance.

Junxian, Gan and Mao Yan. “China’s New Silk Road: Where Does It Lead?” Asian Perspective,

vol. 40, no.1 (January-March 2016): 105-130.

The article analyzes the motives behind China’s New Silk Road (NSR) initiative and concludes

these include reaction to the United States’ “Pacific Pivot” as well as long-range goals such as

the recovery of China’s past glory and its further integration into the global economy. The

authors examine policy dilemmas involved in implementing the initiative and questions

involving its sustainability and implications for the region and the world.

Wuthnow, Joel, Xin Le, and Lingling Qi. “Diverse Multiculturalism: Four Strategies in China’s

Multilateral Diplomacy.” Journal of Chinese Political Science, vol. 17, no. 3 (September 2012):

269-290.

The authors identify four strategies behind Chinese multilateral diplomacy: watching, engaging,

circumventing, and shaping. The article assesses the general trend toward engagement, but with

increasing assertiveness as China becomes more heavily involved in international institutions,

particularly those related to economic governance and regional security.

Books

Cheung, Yin-Wong and Jakob de Haan, eds. The Evolving Role of China in the Global Economy.

Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012.

The editors present a series of essays containing econometric and models-based analysis of

China’s exchange rate, savings and investment policies, and monetary policy, as well as its

policy on resources acquisition and related expansion of foreign direct investment.

Hachigian, Nina, ed. Debating China: The U.S.-China Relationship in Ten Conversations. NY:

Oxford University Press, 2014.

A compilation of “letter exchanges” between U.S. and Chinese scholars and former government

officials covering diverse topics including trade and investment, the environment, human rights,

regional security, and other matters. The editor is a former National Security Council staff

member who is now Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress.

4
Lynch, Daniel C. China’s Futures: PRC Elites Debate Economics, Politics and Foreign Policy.

Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015.

In this book, author Lynch documents the internal debate within China’s ruling party elites over

the country’s current state and future economic, political, and foreign policy prospects. This

publication purports to provide insight into what China really thinks, and how confusing that can

be.

II. Economic Engagement

The Challenges and Opportunities of China’s Economic Rise

Articles

Economist Intelligence Unit Staff. “China Willing to Assume Greater Global Responsibilities.”

Economist Intelligence Unit (October 2, 2015).

This article surveys China’s international policies and goals. It discusses areas of shared strategic

interests and areas of tension with the United States.

Heginbotham, Eric and Jacob Heim. “Deterring Without Dominance: Discouraging Chinese

Adventurism Under Austerity.” Washington Quarterly, vol. 38, no. 1 (February 2015): 185-199.

Available at:

https://twq.elliott.gwu.edu/sites/twq.elliott.gwu.edu/files/downloads/TWQ_Spring2015_Heginbo

tham-Heim.pdf.

The article examines strategies the United States might take to remain a credible military force in

Asia without bankrupting itself. It looks at the erosion of U.S. military dominance in Asia as

China's military and economic rise has enabled it to rapidly modernize its army and gain military

parity with the U.S. The article includes statistics on China's defense arsenal of missiles, aircraft

and submarines.

Moniruzzaman, M. “The Rise of China and Its Implications for the Muslim World.” Journal of

Economic Cooperation and Development, vol. 34, no. 1 (March 2013): 1-32.

The article explores how China’s economic rise is likely to affect international politics in

numerous ways. This rise is shifting the epicenter of political power away from the West. China

will need to rely on the petroleum resources of oil rich countries to maintain its growth. Muslim

countries are likely to develop closer relations with China because of geographic proximity and

the status of international relations.

Yu, Lei. “China’s Strategic Partnership with Latin America: a Fulcrum in China’s Rise.”

International Affairs, vol. 91, no. 5 (September 2015): 1047-1068.

The author argues that China’s commitment to creating a strategic partnership with Latin

America by extending economic and political involvement with the region over the past two

decades may help China sustain its rise as a global power. The economic benefits derived from

cooperation may persuade Latin American nations that China’s rise is an opportunity rather than

a threat.

5
Books

Lowther, Adam B. ed. The Asia-Pacific Century: Challenges and Opportunities. NY: Taylor &

Francis, 2014.

This collection of essays explores a broad range of topics that examine economic, diplomatic,

and military challenges. Essay titles include “Steaming up the Hudson: China, the United States,

and the Problem of Misperception” and “The Contradictions of U.S. China Policy: Implications

for the U.S. Air Force.”

Rein, Shaun. The End of Cheap China: Economic and Cultural Trends That Will Disrupt the

World. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley, 2014

The author looks at how rapid economic development is changing China and what that means for

America and the rest of the world. He examines different aspects of China’s transformation. As

Chinese factory wages rise, products made in China will become a lot more expensive and will

affect American consumerism.

Roach, Stephen. Unbalanced: The Codependency of America and China. New Haven, CT: Yale

University Press, 2014.

The author argues that the United States and China need to find better strategies to manage their

economies. The United States needs to stop viewing China’s economy through the same lens as

it views its own, as they are different systems in different stages of development. While the

United States needs to save more, China needs to provide more social benefits to its citizens to

bring down its high savings rate.

Government Reports

U.S. China Economic and Security Review Commission. Hearing on China’s Shifting Economic

Realities and Implications for the United States. February 24, 2016.

Available at: http://www.uscc.gov/Hearings/hearing-china%E2%80%99s-shifting-economicrealities-and-implications-united-states.

A hearing before the U.S. China Economic and Security Review Commission to examine

changing economic conditions and their implications for U.S. businesses and the U.S. and global

economy.

U.S. China Economic and Security Review Commission. 2015 Annual Report to Congress.

Available at http://www.uscc.gov/Annual_Reports/2015-annual-report-congress.

This report includes sections on U.S.-China economic and trade relations, U.S.-China security

relations, and China’s relations with other parts of the world. It also provides a comprehensive

list of recommendations.

Websites

Council on Foreign Relations, China

Available at: http://www.cfr.org/region/china/ri225.

This website provides access to current articles, special reports, expert roundups, and news

releases on a range of topics regarding China’s relationship with the U.S. and its role on the

6
world stage. In one expert roundup “How to Improve U.S.-China Relations,” available at

http://www.cfr.org/china/improve-us-china-relations/p37044, five experts on China discuss key

issues and offer recommendations for how the U.S. and China can navigate their expanding

relationship.

United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission (USCC)

Available at: http://www.uscc.gov/.

The U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission was created by the United States

Congress in October 2000 with the legislative mandate to monitor, investigate, and submit to

Congress an annual report on the national security implications of the bilateral trade and

economic relationship between the United States and the People’s Republic of China, and to

provide recommendations, where appropriate, to Congress for legislative and administrative

action. The website provides access to annual reports, research, hearings, testimony and

speeches.

World Bank

Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/china/overview.

The webpage provides an overview of China’s economy as it transitions from a centrally planned

to a market based economy. Sections include World Development Indicators, Global Economic

Prospects-Forecasts, Projects & Operations, Finances, Survey, and Climate Change. The

homepage includes a “What’s New” section with recent press releases and working papers.

China in the Global Economy

Articles

Bersick, Sebastian and Jörn-Carsten Gottwald. “Focused Leadership: China’s New Role in

Global Economic Governance [Special Issue, East Asia’s Role in a New Era of Global Economic

Governance: Based on Papers Presented at Workshop China and the G20: Chinese Contributions

to New Global Economic Governance, Fudan University, Shanghai, Dec 2012].”Asien, no.128

(Jul 2013): 45-62.

The article discusses the Chinese role in and contributions to economic governance in the world.

It covers international economics, government policies, and regional associations.

Coy, Peter. “The Contagion Out of China,” Bloomberg Business Week, no. 4440 (August 31,

2015): 6-8.

The author discusses the economic turmoil that found its way to Wall Street when a wave of

stock selling began in Shanghai in August 2015. He also discusses China’s debt and economic

slowdown.

Rediker, Douglas A., Michael A. Levi and Elizabeth C. Economy. “Can the World Adjust to

China’s ‘New Normal’?” World Economic Forum. (February 10, 2016).

Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/02/can-the-world-adjust-to-china-s-newnormal.

7
The article examines the effect of a slowdown in the Chinese economy on the global economy. It

points out that China’s policy decisions are having a growing on the economies of other nations

and suggests this may lead to resentment against China.

Books

Fan, Shenggen, Ravi Kanbur, Shang-Jin Wei, et al., eds. The Oxford Companion to the

Economics of China. NY: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Part III, titled “China and the Global Economy “includes entries on the global impact of China’s

growth, effects of China’s trade on other countries, U.S.-China economic relations, and China

and the WTO.

Nie, Winter and William Dowell. In the Shadow of the Dragon: The Global Expansion of

Chinese Companies—How It Will Change Business Forever. NY: American Management

Association, 2012.

The book looks at specific strategies of some of China’s most competitive companies. Based on

interviews with Chinese business leaders and original case studies, it provides insights into the

strategies used to gain market dominance and global expansion from a Chinese point of view.

Shambaugh, David. China Goes Global: The Partial Power. NY: Oxford University Press, 2013

The author looks at how China is becoming more active and assertive as it grows more

prominent on the international stage. He argues that “China's global presence is more broad than

deep” as China lacks the influence befitting a major world power.

Yao, Shujie and Pan Yang, eds. China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investments and Impact on the

World Economy. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

Yao studies the impact of China's outward foreign direct investment on the world economy. He

uses both case studies and modeling approaches to study how China's investments have affected

the rest of the world.

Zeng, Ka and Wei Liang, eds. China and Global Trade Governance: China’s First Decade in the

World Trade Organization. NY: Routledge, 2013.

The book examines China’s World Trade Organization (WTO) compliance record and

experiences in multilateral trade negotiations. It looks at sources of constraint on China’s

behavior in the WTO and its influence on global economic governance.

Trade and Economic Integration Between the U.S. and China

Articles

Cheng, Shuaihua Wallace. “China’s New Silk Road: Implications for the US.” YaleGlobal

Online (May 28, 2015).

Available from http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/china%E2%80%99s-new-silk-roadimplications-us.

The author analyzes how the U.S. could respond to China’s investment to expand its economic

influence in Eurasia through its New Silk Road initiative.

8
Inside US Trade Daily Report Staff. "Likelihood Fading for U.S.-China BIT Deal During

Obama's Term." Inside US Trade Daily Report (April 8, 2016).

The article discusses factors that would prevent the U.S. and China from concluding negotiations

on a bilateral investment treaty (BIT) before the end of the Obama administration.

Jianyang, Hu. “How to Integrate China into the International Community: US-China Relations

Under Power Transition in the 21st Century.” Journal of US-China Public Administration, vol.

9, no. 1 (January 2012): 81-89.

This paper “studies the broad framework of U.S.-China relations under current power transition

in this century after Chinese President Hu Jintao's 2010 state visit to U.S.” and “assesses the past

and present U.S. foreign policy toward China in economic and security areas.” The author

proposes that the U.S. should not compete with but rather “integrate China into the incumbent

international community.”

Kim, Suk Hi, Mario Martin-Hermosillo, and Junhua Jia. “The U.S.-China Trade Friction: Causes

and Proposed Solutions.” The Journal of Applied Business and Economics, vol. 16, no. 5

(October 2014): 63-73.

This article examines and proposes solutions to the causes and burdens of the U.S.-China trade

relations. Topics covered include China’s membership in the World Trade Organization,

currency manipulation, and intellectual property rights of U.S. companies.

Leonard, Mark. "Why Convergence Breeds Conflict: Growing More Similar Will Push China

and the United States Apart." Foreign Affairs, vol. 92, no. 5 (September 2013): 125-135.

The author explores the idea that the recent rise in economic competition between the U.S. and

China stems from their increasing similarities, not differences, in domestic and foreign policies

since the financial crisis of 2008.

Li, Kui-Wai. "Rising China in International Trade and the Progress of Economic Integration."

The Chinese Economy, vol. 44, no. 4 (July/August 2011): 3-6.

In the introduction to this edition of The Chinese Economy, the author provides an overview of

the articles in the journal as an examination of why China was “the only country free from major

economic troubles” during various international financial crises ever since the turn of the century

and how China’s trade is becoming more important on the global stage.

Petri, Peter, and Michael Plummer. "ASEAN Centrality and the ASEAN-US Economic

Relationship." Policy Studies, no. 69 (2014).

The authors examine the strategic and economic significance of the Association of Southeast

Asian Nations (ASEAN) and how “ASEAN centrality” affects regional economic integration and

their relationship with external economic partners, especially the U.S.

Yu, Miaojie, and Fan Zhang. “The Potential Impact of China-US BIT on China’s Manufacturing

Sectors.” China Economic Journal, vol. 9, no. 1 (January 2016): 47-64.

The authors explore their conclusion that “the overall effect of the foreign direct investment

(FDI) and thereby the China–US bilateral investment treaties (BIT) on Chinese manufacturing

sector is positive” and how this affects American domestic firms.

9
Yugui, Zhang. "China-U.S. BIT Matters to the Global Economy." Beijing Review, no. 14 (April

7, 2016).

In order to preserve and promote global economic and financial stability and growth, the author

argues that China and the U.S. need to “collaborate as much as possible with each other.” If they

sign a bilateral investment treaty (BIT), it “will provide a model for effective partnership

between super economies representing different government systems.”

Books

Bergsten, C. Fred, Gary Clyde Hufbauer, and Sean Miner. Bridging the Pacific: Toward Free

Trade and Investment Between China and the United States. Washington, D.C.: Peterson

Institute for International Economics, 2014.

The book contains a series of essays that examine the “Chinese economy and its interactions

with the United States (and the rest of the world)” and makes proposals “for constructive

integration of China with the global economy."

Blanchard, Jean Marc and Simon Shen, eds. Conflict and Cooperation in Sino-US Relations:

Change and Continuity Causes and Cure. London and New York: Routledge, 2015.

Chapter 7, entitled "Tough Love: US-China Economic Relations Between Competition and

Interdependence," examines the economic relationship between the U.S. and China from the

1970s to 2012, discusses why bilateral economic relations have become more competitive

recently, and proposes how the two countries could increase cooperation in the future.

Chow, Peter C. Y., ed. The US Strategic Pivot to Asia and Cross-Strait Relations: Economic and

Security Dynamics. New York: Palgrave MacMillian, 2014.

Chapter 8, entitled “US-China Economic Relations: Implications of the Trans-Pacific

Partnership,” explores how the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations will affect U.S.-

China economic relations and whether they “provide any indication that U.S.-China economic

interdependence is going in the direction of 'disintegrated interdependence,' in which economic

ties are offset by other strategic ties or alliance commitments."

Reports

The US-China Business Council. “Bilateral Investment Treaties: What They Are and Why They

Matter.” (June 2014)

Available from: https://www.uschina.org/sites/default/files/2014%20USCBC%20BITs%20-

%20What%20They%20Are%20and%20Why%20They%20Matter_0.pdf.

In light of the current BIT negotiations between the U.S. and China, this report provides a basic

understanding of what a bilateral investment treaty is and why they are important.

Conference Proceedings

Mutsune, Tony. "Appropriation of Investments and Innovation Benefits in U.S. China Trade

Relationship." Global Conference on Business & Finance Proceedings, 11.1. Hilo: Institute for

Business & Finance Research (2016): 474-483.

10
While examining China’s economic rise through foreign investment reforms, this paper is “a

preliminary empirical analysis of the U.S.-China trade experience with the aim of identifying

how such choices by U.S. firms may be impacting innovation productivity increases in China.”

Websites

Export.gov. “China Country Commercial Guide.”

Available at: http://export.gov/china/index.asp.

The website brings together resources from across the U.S. government to assist American

businesses interested in business opportunities in China. It provides an overview of the Chinese

market and summarizes the challenges and opportunities that U.S. companies might consider.

The section “Doing Business in China” provides information by geographic region and by

specific industry.

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service.

Available at: http://www.fas.usda.gov/regions/china.

This USDA website provides a range of information on U.S. agricultural exports to China. It

provides in-depth assessments of commodity and trade issues.

Resolving Trade Disputes with China

Cybersecurity/Cyberthreats

Articles

Fei, Gao. “China's Cybersecurity Challenges and Foreign Policy.” Georgetown Journal of

International Affairs, Supplement. Special Issue: Cybersecurity, (Fall 2011): 185-190.

“For the People's Republic of China's first thirty years of history (1949-1978), Chinese foreign

security policy focused mainly on protecting its sovereignty and preventing invasion challenges.

Cybersecurity is one such challenge, and has emerged as a major Chinese national security

issue.” Fei discusses some of the cyber-related challenges that the Chinese government faces

within its own borders as well as its posture towards other nations' policies.

Gady, Franz-Stefan. “Key to U.S.-China Cyber Diplomacy.” China US Focus, January 28, 2016.

Available at http://www.chinausfocus.com/peace-security/what-does-the-year-2016-hold-forchina-u-s-relations-in-cyberspace/.

Gady predicts that U.S.-China relations will be defined by three key policies: attribution,

sanctions, and norms. The first two will be used by the United States to contain malicious

Chinese activities in cyberspace, whereas the third will be used for promoting strategic stability

between both nations by deepening the understanding of what is acceptable behavior in the cyber

realm.

Lin, Herbert. "China as an Ally in Cyberspace? How Washington and Beijing Could Make

Common Cause Toward a Secure Online World." Hoover Digest: Research & Opinion on Public

Policy, no. 1 (Winter 2016): 44-48.

11
This article discusses the relationships between the U.S. and China on dealing with security in

cyberspace following a summit with China's president Xi Jinping and President Barack Obama.

Lindsay, Jon R. "The Impact of China on Cybersecurity: Fiction and Friction." International

Security, vol. 39, no. 3 (2015): 7-47.

This article argues that the threat to cybersecurity from China has been exaggerated by the

United States and other western nations. The author discusses the advantages of the United

States in infrastructure and influence over the Internet, and the limits to China's military cyber

capacity.

“United States and China Reach Agreement Regarding Economic Espionage and International

Cybersecurity Norms.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 109, no. 4 (Oct 2015):

878-882. A review of the September 2015 U.S.-China agreement “that neither country’s

government will conduct or knowingly support cyber-enabled theft of intellectual property,

including trade secrets or other confidential business information with the intent of providing

competitive advantages to companies or commercial sectors.” The two countries also agreed to

cooperate in addressing malicious cyberactivities.

Yuen, Samson. “Becoming a Cyber Power: China's Cybersecurity Upgrade and Its

Consequences.” China Perspectives vol. 2 (2015): 53-58.

The author brings attention to a recent Freedom House report detailing the government's

sophisticated techniques to impose information control, including strategic control over key

information nodes, VPN, censorship outsourcing and a crackdown on social media.

Books

Hagestas, William T. Chinese Cyber Crime 2016: Hacking Underground in the People's

Republic of 2016. 2nd ed. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.

Published by Amazon’s on-demand publishing platform, this book looks at China's latest

national security law and draft cyber security sovereignty law and their applicability to China's

efforts to control cybercrime. Based on direct field research and experience with Chinese

hackers, this book exposes the hacking underworld within the People's Republic of China.

Lindsay, Jon R., Tai Ming Cheung, and Derek S. Reveron, eds. China and Cybersecurity:

Espionage, Strategy, and Politics in the Digital Domain. NY: Oxford University Press, 2015.

This book explores China and cybersecurity through a combination of international and

interdisciplinary perspectives, including technical, political, economic, legal, and strategic

analysis. The publisher highlights the inclusion of authors from China, the United States,

Canada, and the United Kingdom, who often hold differing views on the topic.

Reports

Harold, Scott Warren, Martin C. Libicki and Astrid Cevallos. Getting to Yes with China in

Cyberspace. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2016.

Available at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1335.html

12
This study examines possible policy options available to the United States for managing relations

with China in the area of cyberspace. The authors address concerns over cyber-espionage, and

explore the possible goals and outcomes of negotiations with China over norms and rules in

cyberspace.

U. S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Cybersecurity: Setting the Rules for

Responsible Global Cyber Behavior. Hearing before the Subcommittee on East Asia, the Pacific,

and International Cybersecurity Policy 114th Cong., 1st sess., May 14, 2015.

“Cybersecurity represents a new priority for foreign relations, and requires dynamic and new

thinking to keep up with, as the threat landscape is subject to constant development. Cyber

threats encompass both terrorism and cyberattacks originating from foreign governments, and

they can target the private sector as well U.S. government systems.”

Intellectual Property Rights

Articles

Chang, Joyce. "Trademark Counterfeiting In China: The Real Price of Knock-Offs." Santa Clara

Law Review, vol. 54, no. 3 (July 2014): 765-792.

This article discusses trademark counterfeiting in China with a focus on international property

rights. The author uses examples to examine China’s Trademark Law and trademark

infringement in China and the United States, and related criminal activity in both countries.

Han, Dong. "How the Copyright Law Was (Not) Made: Intellectual Property and China’s

Contested Reintegration with Global Capitalism." International Journal of Communication, vol.

8 (2014): 1516-1535.

Han examines the history of intellectual property in China beginning in the 1970s. The author

discusses the making and amending of the Copyright Law in the context of China’s reintegration

with the global economy.

Lewis, Joanna I. "Managing Intellectual Property Rights in Cross-Border Clean Energy

Collaboration: The Case of the US–China Clean Energy Research Center." Energy Policy, vol.

69 (2014): 546-554.

This article is an examination of the implementation of the U.S.-China Clean Energy Research

Center (CERC). The author explores the project’s policies and procedures regarding intellectual

property, and discusses the implications for further cross-national research collaborations.

Liu, Haiyan. "The Policy and Targets of Criminal Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in

China and the United States." Washington International Law Journal, vol. 24, no. 1 (Jan 2015):

137-187.

A comparative study that analyzes the targets, consequences, and influence factors of the

criminal enforcement of intellectual property rights in the United States and China. The author

examines similarities and differences in the influence of economic and political factors on

enforcement in each country.

13
Books

Cheung, Gordon C. K. Intellectual Property Rights in China: Politics of Piracy, Trade and

Protection. NY: Routledge, 2011.

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) infringement is so rampant in China that counterfeit goods can

be found in roadside stalls, markets, shops, department stores and even laboratories of leading

universities. Cheung uses the case of intellectual property rights to examine how and to what

extent market forces and knowledge development affect the relationships of China and the world,

especially the United States.

Dimitrov, Martin. Piracy and the State: The Politics of Intellectual Property Rights in China.

NY: Cambridge University Press, Reprint Ed., 2012.

China has the highest levels of copyright piracy and trademark counterfeiting in the world, even

though, ironically, it also provides the highest per capita volume of enforcement. Dimitrov offers

the first systematic analysis of all intellectual property rights enforcement avenues in China and

shows that the extremely high volume of enforcement provided for copyrights and trademarks is

unfortunately ineffective.

Lee, Nari, Niklas Bruun, and Mingde Li, eds. Governance of Intellectual Property Rights in

China and Europe (Elgar Intellectual Property and Global Development series). Northampton,

MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2016.

This book provides an analytical and comparative study of Chinese and European intellectual

property law, as well as an analysis of system reforms in China.

Industrial Policies

Articles

Ka, Zeng. "Domestic Politics and US-China Trade Disputes over Renewable Energy." Journal of

East Asian Studies, vol. 15, no. 3 (September 2015): 423-454.

This article analyzes U.S.-China trade disputes in the field of alternative energy. The author

examines the domestic politics and polices that influence the friction between the two countries.

Ka, Zeng. "High Stakes: United States–China Trade Disputes Under the World Trade

Organization." International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, vol. 13, no. 1 (2013): 33-63.

In this article Ka discusses trade disputes under the World Trade Organization (WTO) between

the United States and China, and the domestic political influences in each country. The author

notes the prevalence of United States' WTO complaints against China challenging Chinese

industrial policy, and China’s disputes against the United States regarding anti-dumping and

countervailing duties.

Books

Lasonde, Karen. The U.S.-China Bilateral Relationship: Critical Issues and Developments. NY:

Nova Science Publishers, 2014.

14
This book provides an overview of recent developments in the U.S.-China trade and economic

relationship. It contains the 2012 report to Congress of the U.S.-China Economic and Security

Review Commission.

Moosa, Imad. The US-China Trade Dispute: Facts, Figures and Myths. Edward Elgar

Publishing, 2012.

Moosa presents a detailed analysis of the trade disputes between China and the United States in

an accessible manner. Issues addressed include the valuation of Chinese currency, causes of the

U.S. trade deficit with China, and the legality of economic policies according to IMF and WTO

rules.

Santoni, Arthur, ed. China and the U.S.: Trade and Commitment Issues. NY: Nova Science

publishers, 2014.

This book discusses major trade issues and provides the “24th U.S.-China Joint Commission on

Commerce and Trade Fact Sheet” issued by the United States Department of Commerce.

III. Diplomatic Engagement

China: Friend or Foe?

Articles

”Banyan: Dialogue of the Deaf.” The Economist, vol. 419, no. 8992 (June 4, 2016).

In advance of American and Chinese bureaucrats gathering in Beijing on June 5, 2016 for the

eighth annual “Strategic and Economic Dialogue,” the article examines possible agreements the

two countries might make, as well as the recent diplomatic challenges that will affect these

discussions.

Brooks, Stephen G., and William C. Wohlforth. "The Once and Future Superpower: Why China

Won’t Overtake the United States." Foreign Affairs, vol. 95, no. 3 (May/June 2016): 91-104.

This article explores why China will not eclipse the U.S. as a superpower due to its technology

and military lag behind America. The article also discusses diplomatic missteps that the U.S.

should avoid to prevent losing its power advantage.

Christensen, Thomas J. "The Advantages of an Assertive China: Responding to Beijing's

Abrasive Diplomacy." Foreign Affairs, vol. 90, no. 2 (March/April 2011): 54-67.

This article follows China’s change in foreign policy from a “peaceful rise” in the 1990s to a

more aggressive rise since the financial crisis in 2008, and explores China’s future relationship

with the U.S. and the rest of the international community.

Glaser, Bonnie and Alexandra Viers. "US-China Relations: Navigating Friction, Forging

Cooperation." Comparative Connections, vol. 18, no. 1 (May 2016): 25-36, 148-149, 152.

The article provides a chronology of events of U.S.-China relations from January to April 2016.

Issues addressed include the South China Sea, North Korea’s fourth nuclear test, the Nuclear

15
Security Summit, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and recent bilateral investment

negotiations.

Glaser, Charles. "Will China's Rise Lead to War? Why Realism Does Not Mean Pessimism."

Foreign Affairs, vol. 90, no. 2 (2011): 80-91.

As China grows more important in international relations, the author argues that its past behavior

might become less important in determining how it would act as a potential superpower. The

author explores how “idiosyncratic factors” might have an effect on China’s rise so that it “need

not be nearly as competitive and dangerous as the standard realist argument suggests.”

Harding, Harry. “Has U.S. China Policy Failed?” The Washington Quarterly, vol. 38, no. 3

(2015): 95-122.

As the U.S. engages in more intense debate on its China policy in 2016, the author reviews the

reasons why “dissatisfaction with China's domestic and international evolution has become

widespread as has pessimism about the future of U.S.-China relations, leading to a growing

debate over three broad ways to revise U.S. policy.”

He, Kai and Huiyun Feng. "Debating China's Assertiveness: Taking China's Power and Interests

Seriously." International Politics, vol. 49, no. 5 (2012): 633-644.

Suggesting that China’s increasing assertive foreign policy is normal, the authors argue that the

future relations between the U.S. and China is a “bargaining process” where “China negotiates

for a new status in the system with redefined interest” and the U.S. and other countries “need to

adjust their old political practices” and should not maintain a “status quo foreign policy.”

Shambaugh, David. "China's Soft-Power Push." Foreign Affairs, vol. 94, no. 4 (2015): 99-107.

The article discusses China’s economic, diplomatic, and cultural investments to improve its

international image as its global power grows.

Ying, Fu. "How Chinese and Americans Are Misreading Each Other – And Why It Matters."

NPQ: New Perspectives Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 4 (2015): 55-62.

The article explores cultural differences that affect foreign relations between China and the U.S.,

including food habits, movie productions, and standards of higher education.

Zhang, Yan. "On the 35th Anniversary of China-U.S. Diplomatic Relations." China Today, vol.

63, no. 5 (2014): 46-49.

The author examines the strategic significance of the last 35 years of China-U.S. diplomatic

relations, and reflects on his personal experiences of living, traveling, and raising a family in the

U.S. In 1979 he was assigned as the first resident correspondent in the U.S. for the Chinese

newspaper People’s Daily.

Books

Chang, Gordon H. Fateful Ties: A History of America's Preoccupation with China. Cambridge,

MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2015.

16
The book examines America’s fascination with and fear of China, and how this affects its view

of China’s recent rising power. The author “draws on literature, art, biography, popular culture,

and politics to trace America’s long and varied preoccupation with China."

Tai, Michael. US-China Relations in the Twenty-First Century: A Question of Trust. Lanham,

MD: Lexington Books, 2014.

Tai examines why China’s rise has been portrayed negatively, and suggests that trust is a key

factor in reversing this perception. The author argues that in three key areas of U.S.-China

relations (climate change, finance, and international security), China is “often much more

flexible and accommodating than the US position, and that the Chinese are much more

knowledgeable about, understanding and appreciative of, the United States than vice versa.”

Zhou, Jinghao. Chinese vs. Western Perspectives: Understanding Contemporary China. Lanham,

MD: Lexington Books, 2014.

With China’s international power and its relationship with the U.S. increasingly important,

global power, the author attempts to dissipate political and cultural misconceptions of China

from Western societies. He offers “an integrated picture of contemporary China through

systematically examining the major aspects of contemporary Chinese society and culture with

the most recent data.”

Diplomatic Challenges and Opportunities

Articles

Afridi, M. K., M. Yousufi, and M.Ahmad. (2015). “Power Interest and Rivalry of Major Powers

(United States, Russia and China) in Central Asia.” FWU Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 1, no.

2 (2015): 25-36.

The viewpoint from three Pakistani university professors of the competition between the U.S.,

Russia and China in central Asia. The authors conclude that the struggle and rivalry between the

three countries is for attaining and enhancing their power in the region, while also competing for

energy resources.

McCord, Linnea B., Terry Young, and Peggy J. Crawford. “Danger Zones Dead Ahead for the

U.S. and China: Prospects and Challenges.” The International Business & Economics Research

Journal, vol. 12, no. 9 (2013): 1013-1020.

This paper compares the challenges and prospects for the United States and China as both

countries enter the danger zone. The authors examine how each country's unique attributes are

likely to impact their ability to succeed by examining their political, economic and legal systems

to determine the strengths and weaknesses of each. Solving the economic, social, political and

security problems will require serious sacrifices and pain for a large portion of the populations in

each both country.

Saunders, Phillip C. "China's Rising Power, the U.S. Rebalance to Asia, and Implications for

U.S.-China Relations." Issues and Studies, vol. 50, no. 3 (September 2014): 19-55.

The article discusses challenges to implementing the “rebalance to Asia” that the Obama

administration proposed, including “making the rebalance robust enough to reassure US allies

17
and partners of the U.S. capability and will to maintain its presence in Asia over the long-term,

while not alarming Chinese leaders to the point where they forego cooperation with

Washington.”

Storey, Ian. Slipping Away? A South China Sea Code of Conduct Eludes Diplomatic Efforts.

East and South China Seas Bulletin, No. 11, March 20. 2013.

The author, a fellow at the Center for a New American Security writes on what he considers to

be the five drivers responsible for the deteriorating situation in the South China Sea. Among his

recommendations are that the U.S. should maintain its policy of supporting ASEAN-centered

diplomatic efforts and to produce a code of conduct that would restore a durable peace in the

region.

Yizhou, Wang. “China’s New Foreign Policy: Transformations and Challenges Reflected in

Changing Discourse.” The ASAN Forum, vol. 4, no.2 (2015).

In notes from a special forum held by the ASAN Institute for Policy Studies (Beijing), the author

addresses the shifts in China’s approach to international issues since Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang

have come to power analyzing the reasons behind these change as well as the challenges that the

new leadership faces in implementing them. The paper highlights the discourse that has been

used to explain China’s policies and how that discourse impacts these challenges.

Books

Christensen, Thomas J. The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power. NY:

W.W. Norton, 2015.

Christensen, a longtime China academic and watcher who served in the US Department of State's

East Asia team during the George W. Bush administration, carefully considered suggestions

about the policy that the U.S. should pursue towards China. This book is seen as a contribution to

the ongoing debate in Washington regarding how to deal with an ever-more-powerful Beijing.

Goldstein, Lyle J. Meeting China Halfway: How to Defuse the Emerging U.S.-China Rivalry.

Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2015.

The author spells out a series of concessions that both sides could make on various issues in

order to generate what he calls a "cooperation cycle." His proposals include major shifts that

mainstream strategists in both countries would view as appeasement. For example, the United

States would pressure Taipei to negotiate with Beijing, promote joint Chinese-Japanese

administration of the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands, and reduce its military deployments not only in

Asia but elsewhere as well. China would renounce the use of force against Taiwan, pressure both

North Korea and Iran to denuclearize, and limit the development of anti-ship ballistic missiles

and submarine forces that threaten U.S. forces in the Pacific. Sustaining such a strategy over

several administrations in either country will be difficult.

Gross, Donald. The China Fallacy: How the U.S. Can Benefit From China's Rise and Avoid

Another Cold War. New York & London: Bloomsbury, 2012.

Gross, a former State Department and White House official, has a good understanding of foreign

policy making and the implications of short term and long term impacts, and linkages to

domestic challenges of both countries. He argues that U.S. policy is largely driven by fear - fear

18
of a possible military confrontation with China and fear of competition with an economic

juggernaut that will harm American prosperity. In this book he urges the U.S. government to find

new ways to deal with China. He also explains in detail how the U.S. can benefit from China's

rise and avoid another war.

Yu, Keping. Democracy in China:Challenge or Opportunity? Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific

Publishing Co., 2016.

The book addresses the challenges of human rights and democracy, the politics of public opinion

in China and the legitimacy of good governance. We also learn of globalization and the “Chinese

Model,” and China’s views on state sovereignty.

Environmental Issues

Articles

Butcher, Bill and Yan Xu. “Chinese Cooperatives and Environmental Social Responsibility.”

Chinese Economy, vol. 47, no. 4 (Jul-Aug 2014): 63-80.

The author addresses the environmental obligations of cooperatives, tax regulatory regime for

environmental protection, and environmental taxes in China.

Caprotti, Federico. “Golden Sun, Green Economy: Market Security and the US/EU-China 'Solar

Trade' War.” Asian Geographer, vol. 32, no. 2 (December 2015): 99-115.

The article concentrates on the solar manufacturing industry, government-backed subsidies, and

the conflict over solar trade between the U.S., China, and the European Union.

Christiaensen, Luc and Rasmus Heltberg. “Greening China's Rural Energy: New Insights on the

Potential of Smallholder Biogas [Special Issue: China's Environmental Policy].” Environment

and Development Economics, vol. 19, no. 1 (Feb 2014): 8-29.

The authors discuss the smallholder biogas, fertilizers, clean energy, sustainability, and issues

related to rural energy in China.

Eberhardt, Christopher. “Discourse on Climate Change in China: a Public Sphere Without the

Public.” China Information, vol. 29, no. 1 (March 2015): 33-59.

Included in a discussion on environmental protection in China are the green propaganda

machine, roles played by the government, the media, and the Internet. The article also covers

actions in daily life.

Edney, Kingsley and Jonathan Symons. “China and the Blunt Temptations of Geo-engineering:

the Role of Solar Radiation Management in China's Strategic Response to Climate Change.”

Pacific Review, vol. 27, no. 3 (July 2014): 307-332.

Some of the many issues explored are the fields of global governance, international mitigation

efforts, public discussions of geo-engineering issues, China's negotiating role, and policy factors

influencing China's climate policy.

Gu, Xuewu. “EU and China: Destined to Be Partners in Shaping the Post-Kyoto Regime?”

Social Sciences in China, vol. 35, no. 3 (August 2014): 187-198.

19
The author discusses global climate change, energy security, the relationship between the

European Union and China, and international pressure on China over issues of environmental

protection.

Haddad, Mary Alice. “Increasing Environmental Performance in a Context of Low

Governmental Enforcement: Evidence from China.” Journal of Environment and Development,

vol. 24, no. 1 (March 2015): 3-25.

Included in this article is coverage of the issues of pollution, environmental protection, corporate

responsibility, supply chains, and governance in China.

Johnson, Thomas. “Good Governance for Environmental Protection in China: Instrumentation,

Strategic Interactions and Unintended Consequences.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, vol. 44,

no. 2 (May 2014): 241-258.

The author focuses on the Ministry of Environmental Protection, environmental nongovernmental organizations, not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) activities, transparency issues, public

participation in a civil society, and other timely issues.

Xu, Jintao. “Contribution of Development and Environmental Economics to National Policy and

Development: the Case of China [Special Issue: Looking Back and Moving Forward].”

Environment and Development Economics, vol. 19, no. 3 (Jun 2014): 297-299.

The article touches on Chinese environmental policies, economic growth, reform, conservation,

and preservation in China.

Zhang, Yin-Fang. “The Regulatory Framework and Sustainable Development of China's

Electricity Sector.” China Quarterly, no. 222 (June 2015): 475-498.

Zhang examines environmental issues, regulatory governance, environmental policy integration,

and pollution-control measures, among other issues in the Chinese electricity sector.

Zhang, Zhen et al. “Environmental Technology Transfer and Emission Standards for Industry in

China.” Journal of Technology Transfer, vol. 40, no. 5 (October 2015): 743-759.

The authors explore the issues of technology transfer and emission standards in the field of

environmental protection in China. The article covers water pollution, industrial development,

R&D, financial investment, resource use, technological innovation, and government policies

among other issues.

Books

Bu, Maoliang and Boqiong Yang, eds. Globalization and the Environment of China. England:

Emerald, 2014.

As part of the series Frontiers of Economics and Globalization, the book examines issues related

to globalization and environmental protection in China. It also covers international economics

and foreign investment in China, environmental regulation, and intra-country pollution havens.

Kuhn, Berthold M. “Policies, Collaboration and Partnerships for Climate Protection in China.”

in The Road to Collaborative Governance in China, edited by Yijia Jing. NY: Palgrave

Macmillan, 2015.

20
This book chapter examines the issues of environmental pollution, the role of public media, and

nongovernment organizations. It also discusses the perspectives of the government, the private

sector, as well as the civil society.

Liu, Jianqiang, ed. Chinese Research Perspectives on the Environment, Volume 3: Public Action

and Government Accountability, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2014.

The book concentrates on Chinese public action and government policies and involvement in

environmental protection in China.

Liu, Manhong Mannie et al, eds. Renewable Energy in China: Towards a Green Economy.

Volume 1-3. HI: Enrich Professional Publishing, 2014.

The authors focus on various aspects of renewable energy in China, the energy resources, the use

of energies, the renewable energy research and technologies, and the paradigm of a green

economy in China.

Miller, James et al, eds. Religion and Ecological Sustainability in China. NY: Routledge, 2014.

As part of the Routledge Contemporary China Series, the authors examine ecological

sustainability in China. The book discusses environmental issues from the angles of religious

traditions, competing visions of modernity and globalization, and engagement with minority

nationalities in China.

Reports

Chen, Ying. “Distribution and Implementation of Energy Saving and Low Carbon Development

Targets for the 12th Five-Year Plan.” in Chinese Research Perspectives on the Environment,

Special Volume: Annual Report on Actions to Address Climate Change (2012), edited by

Weiguang Wang et al. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2014.

The author talks about energy conservation, emissions reduction, target distribution, wind power,

nuclear power, and related policies and measures in the context of Chinese economic planning.

Conferences

The Asian Conference on Sustainability, Energy and the Environment June 11-14, 2015, Kobe,

Japan. Available at: http://iafor.org/archives/proceedings/ACSEE/ACSEE2015_proceedings.pdf.

Numerous presentations deal with environmental issues in China such as: “Discussion on the

Elements of Listed Energy Companies' Environmental Information Disclosure in the New

Context of China's Environmental Legal System,” “The Construction of Low-Carbon Renewal

System of Rural Community,” and others.

Human Rights

Articles

Ahl, Björn. “The Rise of China and International Human Rights Law.” Human Rights Quarterly,

vol. 37, no. 3 (August 2015): 637-661.

21
This study focuses on the Universal Periodic Review of the United Nations Human Rights

Council in order to investigate the impact of China’s official position on international human

rights.

Cheng, Joseph Y.S. and Li Fan. “Index of Democratization in China.” Journal of Comparative

Asian Development, vol. 12, no. 2 (Aug 2013): 187-211.

This article analyzes the democratization process in China. The discussion is focused on the rule

of law and civil rights, including freedom of expression, personal freedoms, property rights, and

equal rights.

Chow, Daniel C K. “How China Uses International Trade to Promote Its View of Human

Rights.” The George Washington International Law Review, vol. 45, no. 4 (2013): 681-692.

This article argues that China has an emerging "sticks" and "carrots" approach to international

trade that is beginning to mirror the U.S. approach. The major differences between the two

approaches involve China's vision of human rights and national sovereignty.

Cohen, Jerome A. “After June 4, China Is Still Fumbling towards Respect for Rights of All.”

South China Morning Post, Op-Ed, June 2, 2014.

In this article, the author argues that despite the changes made to China's human rights

legislation after June 4, progress has been slow and the plight of those advocating for democracy

little improved.

Feng, Chongyi. “Preserving Stability and Rights Protection: Conflict or Coherence?” Journal of

Current Chinese Affairs, vol. 42, no.2 (2013): 21-50.

This article presents the challenges the Chinese government is facing in political reform. It

includes a discussion of social unrest and state-society relations.

Kinley, David. “Finding Freedom in China: Human Rights in the Political Economy.”

Sur International Journal on Human Rights, vol. 10, no. 19 (December 2013): 142-155.

This paper focuses on the different roles that universal rights and freedoms are said to play in

forging, sustaining and destroying the relationship between economic and social well-being.

Kinley analyses the consequences for the political economies of the West and China.

Lorentzen, Peter and Suzanne Scoggins. “Understanding China's Rising Rights Consciousness.”

China Quarterly, no. 223 (September 2015): 638-657.

This article discusses people’s rising consciousness in China and points out notable

developments such as social unrest, authoritarian resilience, and a change in values and in state

policies regarding rights.

Mirsky, Jonathan. “Who’s Afraid of Chinese Money?” NYR Daily, Oct. 19, 2013.

The author points out the fact that Western governments used to say they were standing up for

human rights in China. Now, trade ties with Beijing are so lucrative that Western leaders often

look the other way.

22
Noakes, Stephen and Caylan Ford. “Managing Political Opposition Groups in China: Explaining

the Continuing Anti-Falun Gong Campaign.” China Quarterly, no. 223 (September 2015): 658-

679.

In a discussion of political opposition groups in China, the authors illustrate that the Chinese

government’s persecution of Falun Gong is one example of human rights violation.

Osler, Audrey and Zhu Juanjuan. “Narratives in Teaching and Research for Justice and Human

Rights.” Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, vol. 6 no. 3 (November, 2011): 223-235.

This article points out that human rights are powerful ethical claims that can be critically

examined by learners to consider their rights and responsibilities to others.

Sautman, Barry. “Self-Representation and Ethnic Minority Rights in China.” Asian Ethnicity,

vol. 15, no. 2 (Mar 2014): 174-196.

This article discusses the ethnic regional autonomy status in China. It points out that the Chinese

government is facing some critical problems, such as preferential policies, opposition to

discrimination, non-separatist rights consciousness, and new types of ethnic minority association.

Weber, Joseph and Fan Linjun. “How Chinese Journalism Students View Domestic and Foreign

Media: A Survey on Credibility, Censorship, and the Role of the Communist Party in Media.”

Human Rights Quarterly, vol. 38, no. 1 (February 2016): 194-207.

This is a survey of work conducted in the fall of 2013. Most students in a cross section of

Chinese journalism schools call for less censorship, put more faith in Western media than in

domestic Chinese media, and do not believe journalists should join the Communist Party. The

results suggest that Chinese leaders may face rising pressure over time to ease media controls.

Zhao, Jun. “China and the Uneasy Case for Universal Human Rights.” Human Rights

Quarterly,vol. 37, no. 1 (February 2015): 29-52.

This article examines the Chinese involvement in the preparation of the Universal Declaration of

Human Rights and reviews China's subsequent engagement with the human rights project in

international and domestic contexts.

Zhu, Guobin. “The Right to Minority Language Instruction in Schools: Negotiating Competing

Claims in Multinational China.” Human Rights Quarterly, vol. 36, no. 4, (November 2014): 691-

721.

Although minority language instruction is widely recognized as a linguistic human right, it has

not been recognized and implemented in China. This article aims to analyze a Chinese dilemma:

how to maintain economic growth while protecting minority rights in general and linguistic

rights in particular.

Books

Austin, Kimberly, ed. Human Rights in China: Selected Examinations. NY: Nova Publishers,

2014.

This book examines the human rights issues in China, especially prison labor exports from China

and implications for U.S. policy.

23
Beja, Jean-Philippe, Fu Hualing, and Eva Pils, eds. Liu Xiaobo, Charter 8 and the Challenges of

Political Reform in China. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2012.

In examining the trial of Liu Xiaobo, we see the significance and impact of Charter 8, and the

prospects for reform in China. Includes a detailed account of Liu's trial by his defense lawyer and

an optimistic account of resistance, repression and political change by the human rights lawyer

Teng Biao.

Chen, Titus and Chen Dingding, eds. International Engagement in China's Human Rights. NY:

Routledge, 2015.

This book explores systematically the international engagement in human rights in China and

assesses the impact of foreign involvement.

He, Rowena Xiaoqing. Tiananmen Exiles: Voices of the Struggle for Democracy in China. NY:

Palgrave McMillan, 2014.

In this book, the author informs readers that the seeds of hope that were sown in Tiananmen

Square twenty-six years ago have nearly rotted in the soil and the uprising forgotten.

Jiang, Na. China and International Human Rights. NY: Springer, 2014.

Jiang examines the general theory on international human rights standards and China’s

cooperation with the international human rights system.

Kinzelbach, Katrin. The EU's Human Rights Dialogue with China: Quiet Diplomacy and Its

Limits. NY: Routledge, 2014.

This is the first detailed reconstruction and assessment of the EU's responses to human rights

violations in China from 1995 to the present day. It chronicles and analyses numerous human

rights concerns that were raised in the period, ranging from structural issues to individual cases.

Li, Zhongjin, Eli Friedman and Hao Ren, eds. China on Strike: Narratives of Workers'

Resistance. Chicago, Illinois: Haymarket Books, 2016.

In this book, we see a window into the lives of workers organizing in some of China’s most

profitable factories. It documents the processes of migration, changing employment relations,

worker culture, and other issues related to China’s explosive growth.

Nathan, Andrew J., Larry Diamond, and Marc F. Plattner, eds. Will China Democratize?

Baltimore, Md.: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013.

The authors present an analysis of the question of democratization in China and provide a view

of the complex forces driving change in China's regime and society.

Nesossi, Elisa. China's Pre-trial Justice: Criminal Justice, Human Rights and Legal Reforms in

Contemporary China. London: Wildy, Simmonds & Hill Publisher, 2012.

The relationship between international human rights standards and local legal norms in the

People's Republic of China are examined.

Robinson, Priscilla. The People’s Republic of China: Human Rights Issues and Abuses, in Focus.

NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2015.

24
Human rights conditions in China remain a central issue in U.S.-China ties. This book examines

human rights issues in China, including ongoing rights abuses, and legal developments.

Sun, Pinghua. Human Rights Protection System in China. NY: Springer, 2013.

This book systematically introduces the dynamic development and progress of human rights

protection in China, attaching great importance to the first white paper on Human Rights in

China.

Weatherley, Robert. Making China Strong: The Role of Nationalism in Chinese Thinking on

Democracy and Human Rights. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

In this book, the author argues that Chinese perceptions of democracy and human rights have

been heavily influenced by the pressing issue of how to make China strong in the face of a

perceived threat posed by foreign military and cultural imperialism.

Xu, Youyu and Hua Ze, eds. In the Shadow of the Rising Dragon: Stories of Repression in the

New China. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.

This book includes eight essays by scholars who engaged in Chinese human rights studies. Their

works disclose the human rights problems in China and show the dark side of the rising power.

Yu, Guanghua. The Roles of Law and Politics in China's Development. Singapore: Springer,

2014.

Yu analyzes China’s current political regime and the likely political and constitutional law

reforms that are not only conducive to China’s economic development but also beneficial to the

enhancement of freedom.

Zhang, Wei, ed. Human Rights and Good Governance. Boston: Brill Nijhoff, 2016.

Zhang discusses the relationship between rule of law, human rights, and good governance, and

the possibility that China will move closer to recognizing the rule of law.

Reports

Bo, Xiang, ed. Human Rights Record of the United States in 2014. The State Council

Information Office of the People's Republic of China, June 2015.

This report argues that the U.S. government criticizes human rights situations in other countries

but does not show any intention to improve its own human rights record. The report also

highlights human rights violations in the U.S. in 2014.

China Daily, International ed. Progress in China's Human Rights in 2013. Beijing, China, May

27, 2014.

This report by the Chinese government is a white paper on progress in China's human rights in

2013. It emphasizes that China made remarkable progress in the following aspects: right to

development, right to social security, democratic rights to freedom of speech, rights of the

person, rights of ethnic minorities, rights of persons with disabilities, and right to a clean and

healthy environment.

25
Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Annual Report, 2015. Washington, D.C.: U.S.

Government Printing Office, 2015.

Available at: https://www.cecc.gov.

This report to Congress provides an update on developments of human rights issues in China:

freedom of expression, worker rights, criminal justice, freedom of religion, ethnic minority

rights, population planning, freedom of residence and movement, status of women, human

trafficking, North Korean refugees in China, public health and the environment.

U. S. Department of State. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. Country Reports on

Human Rights Practices for 2015, China.

Available at:

http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2015&dlid=252755.

This report continues to track the weakening of institutions that undergird human rights and

democracy in China. Coverage includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau.

Engagement with China on Global Issues

Articles

Bowles, Paul and Baotai Wang. “Renminbi Internationalization: A Journey to Where? [Special

Issue: Globalization with Chinese Characteristics].” Development and Change, vol. 44, no. 6

(Nov. 2013):1363-1385.

The authors discuss the internalization of the Chinese currency and the impact on globalization.

The article also reviews issues of international economics and Chinese economic policies.

Cheong, Inkyo. “The TPP and the Quest for East Asian Regionalism: Beyond the Spaghetti

Bowl.” Global Asia: A Journal of the East Asia Foundation, vol. 8, no. 1 (Spr 2013): 60-70.

Cheong talks about negotiating market access and the challenges for the United States, Japan,

and South Korea. In addition to international economics, the article also covers regional

associations.

Cheung, Tai Ming. “Continuity and Change in China's Strategic Innovation System.” Issues and

Studies, vol. 51, no. 2 (Jun 2015): 139-169.

Included in this article are discussions on China’s, security, strategic technology capabilities,

national security applications, research and development, space and missile sector, nuclear

industry, long-term science and technology development plan, and global cooperation.

Feng, Huiyun and Kai He. “America in the Eyes of America Watchers: Survey Research in

Beijing in 2012.” Journal of Contemporary China, vol. 24, no. 91 (Jan 2015): 83-100.

This article examines the perspectives of Chinese international relations scholars who work on

U.S.-China relations on China's power status in the international system, and some specific U.S.

policies in Asia. It also discusses issues related to global hegemony, the rise of China, the South

China Sea issue, the Taiwan issue, and trade disputes.

Heberer, Thomas. “China in 2014: Creating a New Power and Security Architecture in Domestic

and Foreign Policies.” Asian Survey, vol. 55, no. 1 (Jan/Feb 2015): 82-102.

26
The author talks about foreign policy paradigms, U.S.-China competition and cooperation, and

the South China Sea disputes. The book also discusses the contentions over historical recognition

and geopolitical calculations.

Henderson, Jeffrey et al. “Globalization with Chinese Characteristics: Externalization, Dynamics

and Transformations [Special Issue: Globalization with Chinese Characteristics].” Development

and Change, vol. 44, no. 6 (Nov 2013): 1221-1253.

The authors concentrate on the special characteristics of a China being transformed by

globalization. Starting from the rise of China in recent decades, they discuss the role of

capitalism, and the effects and impact of globalization on all parties involved.

Hung, Ho-fung. “China: Saviour or Challenger of the Dollar Hegemony? [Special Issue:

Globalization with Chinese Characteristics].” Development and Change, vol. 44, no. 6 (Nov

2013): 1341-1361.

The author examines the rise of China and its impact on the hegemony of the dollar. The article

touches upon exports, imports, credit, deficit, and reevaluation of the Chinese currency.

Kirby, William C. “The Chinese Century? The Challenges of Higher Education [Special Issue:

Growing Pains in a Rising China].” Daedalus, vol. 143, no. 2 (Spr 2014): 145-156.

The author looks at pedagogy in higher education, leadership, policy, and globalization. The

article examines practices at Qinghua University, the MIT of China.

Li, Chongfu et al. “The Marxist Theory of the State and National Identity [Special Issue:

National Identity in the Course of Globalization].” Social Sciences in China, vol. 35, no. 2 (May

2014): 124-138.

The article covers national identity issues in the course of globalization from the Marxist point of

view. It especially focuses on class analysis, one of the cores of the Marxist ideology.

Rowley, Chris and Malcolm Warner. “Strategic Challenges and Issues for Chinese Managers and

Management in the Global Economy: Conclusions.” Asia Pacific Business Review, vol. 19, no. 4

(Oct 2013): 617-624.

The authors discuss human resource management, internationalization, multinational

corporations, international economics, and strategies for globalization.

Tiberghien, Yves. “An Uncertain World: Rising Powers, Systemic Risk, and the Role of

Institutions and Entrepreneurship: A Response to Brantly Womack's “China's Future in a

Multinodal World Order.” Pacific Affairs, vol. 87, no. 2 (Jun 2014): 285-293.

The author writes about global governance, political leadership, the rise of China, strategic

interactions between the powers, and international economics.

Wang, Li. “Going Global: the Changing Strategy of Internationalization of Education in China

[Special Issue: The Quest for World Class Status and University Responses in Asia's World

Cities].” Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, vol. 35, no. 3 (Jun 2013): 305-

315.

27
The discussion centers on issues of internationalization of education in China, especially higher

education in the big cities. Wang also explores strategies for recruitment, globalization,

liberalization, and competitiveness.

Wasserstrom, Jeffrey. “China & Globalization [Special Issue: Growing Pains in a Rising

China].” Daedalus, vol. 143, no. 2 (Spr 2014): 157-169.

The article touches on China’s role in globalization. It covers the issues of homogeneity,

transformation, government policies, economic conditions, social conditions, and international

relations.

Xue, Jinjun, et al. “Globalization, Liberalization and Income Inequality: the Case of China

[Special Issue on Income Distribution & Inequality].” Singapore Economic Review, vol. 59, no.

1 (Mar 2014): 1-21.

The author focuses on the topics of income distribution, Gini coefficient, good and bad

inequality, and economic conditions. The author also discusses the Chinese Household Income

Project (CHIP).

Zhang, Yongjin. “‘China Anxiety’: Discourse and Intellectual Challenges [Special Issue:

Globalization with Chinese Characteristics].” Development and Change, vol. 44, no. 6 (Nov

2013): 1407-1425.

Zhang explores the issues of discourse and intellectual challenges regarding economic

conditions, political theory, economic theory, and authoritarianism in China.

Books

Harnisch, Sebastian et al., eds. China's International Roles: Challenging or Supporting

International Order? NY: Routledge, 2016.

The contributors discuss changes in China’s international role over the last century, the

mechanisms of role taking and the study of Chinese foreign policy, the historical assessment of

China's international relations, domestic imperatives and foreign expectations.

Shao, Binhong, ed. China Under Xi Jinping: Its Economic Challenges and Foreign Policy

Initiatives. The Netherlands: Brill, 2015.

The authors provide in-depth insights into the issues of international relations and political

economy in China under Xi Jinping.

Shao, Binhong, ed. China and the World: Balance, Imbalance and Rebalance. The Netherlands:

Brill, 2013.

This book examines the perception of China’s position in the global system. The authors also

discuss the world politics and China's international strategy, Chinese foreign policy, national

security, and foreign economic relations.

Sun, Jiaming and Scott Lancaster. Chinese Globalization: A Profile of People-Based Global

Connections in China. NY: Routledge, 2015.

28
The authors discuss the effects of globalization on local culture and society in China since 1980.

The book covers the impact of global socialization on Chinese people’s values, traditions,

behaviors, lifestyle, and the consequences of local transformation.

Conferences

China in the World Conference at Kean University, 2016.

Available at: http://www.kean.edu/china-world-conference.

This April 2016 conference concentrated on the development and influence of China

domestically and internationally.

North Korea

Articles

Chung, Jae Ho and Myung-hae Choi. “Uncertain Allies or Uncomfortable Neighbors? Making

Sense of China-North Korean Relations, 1949-2010,” Pacific Review, vol. 26, no. 3 (July 2013):

243-264.

A study by the authors shows that available literature does not give a systematic understanding

of the “complex and evolving” relations between China and North Korea, and that problems

existed in the relationship even before post-Mao reforms in China and Chinese normalization of

relations with South Korea. The authors argue that Chinese-American rivalry may have an

impact on Chinese influence over North Korea, causing China to view that nation “increasingly

as a liability, if not uncomfortable neighbor.”

Lee, Jong-Woon and Kevin Gray. “Neocolonialism in South-South Relations? The Case of

China and North Korea,” Development and Change, vol. 47, no. 2 (March 2016): 293-316.

The article examines the evolving economic and trading relationship between China and North

Korea and whether it “resembles neocolonialism or a more positive form of South-South

cooperation.”

Lee, Seung-Ook. “China’s New Territorial Strategies Towards North Korea: Security,

Development, and Inter-Scalar Politics,” Eurasian Geography & Economics, vol. 55, no. 2

(April 2014): 175-201.

The author discusses the relationship between Chinese territorial strategy and practice toward

North Korea and Chinese efforts to encourage economic development by fostering increased

trade between the two nations.

Noesselt, Nele. “China’s Contradictory Role(s) in World Politics: Decrypting China’s North

Korea Strategy,” Third World Quarterly, vol. 35, no. 7 (August 2014): 1307-1325.

This paper presents the theory that China is currently seeking a “new identity” as a global power,

and discusses the conflicts and adaptation required as a result, particularly in terms of Chinese

relations with North Korea and its oscillation between the roles of “comrade-in-arms” and

“socialist neighbor” vs. “responsible great power” (requiring condemnation of North Korean

nuclear and other provocations).

29
Plant, Thomas and Ben Rhode. “China, North Korea and the Spread of Nuclear Weapons,”

Survival, vol. 55, no. 2 (April/May 2013): 61-80.

The authors examine the strained relations between China and North Korea regarding nuclear

security and their impact on Chinese policy aimed at encouragement of North Korean economic

reform, prosperity, and stability. They discuss Chinese participation in treaties and conventions

on nuclear security matters, including the 2011 bilateral agreement with the U.S.

Reilly, James. “China’s Economic Engagement in North Korea,” China Quarterly, issue no. 220

(December 2014): 915-935.

The author describes the central Chinese government effort to encourage local governments and

commercial interests to expand economic cooperation with North Korea, and the repercussions

of that policy, including diplomatic tensions and impact on border security.

Reilly, James. “China’s Market Influence in North Korea,” Asian Survey, vol. 54, no. 5

(September/October 2014): 894-917.

Reilly describes how North Korean economic interaction with China has aimed to provide

incentives for a “more market-oriented and externally engaged society” in North Korea. The

article also analyzes China’s “transformational influence” on North Korean society.

Reilly, James. “The Curious Case of China’s Aid to North Korea,” Asian Survey, vol. 54, no. 6

(November/December 2014): 1158-1183.

The author examines two paradoxes of Chinese aid to North Korea – that aid is provided while at

the same time a discriminatory trading relationship exists, and that Chinese aid continues even as

Chinese economic sanctions increase over the North Korean nuclear program.

Shulong, Chu. “China’s Perception and Policy About North Korea,” American Foreign Policy

Interests, vol. 37, no. 5/6 (September/December 2015): 273-278.

“Most Chinese share the American and South Korean view that North Korea (DPRK) has a bad

regime, opposing the North Korean nuclear and missile programs....” The article concludes by

saying most Chinese do not, however, view North Korea as an “immediate and serious threat,”

even in light of those programs. In addition, it asserts that both the Chinese government and

people desire “normal” relations with the DPRK.

Taylor, Brendan. “Does China Still Back North Korea?” Survival, vol. 55, no. 5 (OctoberNovember 2013): 85-91.

The author looks at the complex relations between China and North Korea in light of suggestions

that China may be deliberately distancing itself from its protégé, and concludes that for China

“North Korea remains more of a strategic asset than a strategic liability.”

Yoon, Seung-Hyun and Seung-Ook Lee. “From Old Comrades to New Partnerships: Dynamic

Development of Economic Relations Between China and North Korea,” Geographical Journal,

vol. 179, no. 1 (March 2013): 19-31.

The article describes the evolution of the China-North Korea relationship from its common

socialist ideological heritage and “one-sided” Chinese economic support to increasing

30
investment and trade combined with linked regional development strategies. It focuses on geoeconomic engagement between the two nations and its effect on regional geopolitical conditions.

Books

French, Paul. North Korea: State of Paranoia. London: Zed Books, 2014.

The author and Asia specialist examines the history and political development of North Korea,

its foreign relations, and the implications of its persistent nuclear and missile development

programs.

Helgesen, Geir and Hatla Thelle. Dialogue With North Korea? Preconditions for Talking Human

Rights With a Hermit Kingdom. Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2013.

The authors assess the possibility and desirability of international dialogue with North Korea on

human rights in light of that country’s grim reputation on the subject.

Lankov, Andrei. The Real North Korea: Life and Politics in the Failed Stalinist Utopia. NY:

Oxford University Press, 2015.

The author, a former Soviet exchange student in North Korea during the 1980’s, provides a

political perspective on the survival of a closed totalitarian state and informed analysis of its

economic situation, foreign relations, and the means by which its people survive under an

oppressive regime with a staggering economy.

Park, Kyung-Ae and Scott Snyder. North Korea in Transition: Politics, Economy, and Society.

Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2013.

A collection of contributions from leading North Korea experts assess North Korean domestic

and foreign policies under Kim Jong-un and their impact on relations with South Korea, China,

the United States, and the rest of the international community.

Reports

Albert, Eleanor and Beina Xu. The China-North Korea Relationship, Council on Foreign

Relations Backgrounder.

Available at http://www.cfr.org/china/china-north-korea-relationship/p11097.

“China is North Korea’s most important ally, biggest trading partner, and main source of food,

arms, and energy. It has helped sustain Kim Jong-un’s regime, and has historically opposed

harsh international sanctions on North Korea in the hope of avoiding regime collapse and a

refugee influx. Its fourth nuclear test as well as a ballistic missile launch in early 2016 have

complicated its relationship with Beijing. A purge of top North Korean officials since its young

leader came to power also spurred renewed concern from China about the stability and direction

of North Korean leadership.”

Human Rights Watch. World Report 2015: North Korea.

Available at https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2015/country-chapters/north-korea.

The human rights situation in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) has

remained dire under the control of Kim Jong-Un. This Human Rights Watch report addresses

continued torture and inhumane treatment, executions, political prisoner camps, freedom of

information and movement, refugees, and labor rights.

31
United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Report of the Commission

of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, February 7, 2014,

available at

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/CoIDPRK/Pages/CommissionInquiryonHRinDPRK.a

spx.

A United Nations resolution of March 2013 mandates the body to investigate the systematic,

widespread and grave violations of human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,

with a view to ensuring full accountability, in particular for violations which may amount to

crimes against humanity. This report provides text and some audio of press conferences,

hearings, and reports.

United Nations Security Council.

Collection of Security Council documents and resolutions relating to the DPRK, available at

http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/dprk-north-korea/.

Access is provided to UN Security Council monthly reports on North Korea.

South China Sea

Articles

Amer, Ramses. “The South China Sea: Achievements and Challenges to Dispute Management.”

Asian Survey, vol. 55, no.3 (May/June 2015): 618-639.

The article discusses the international jurisprudence, bilateral initiatives, and the negotiated

settlement between China, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia related to the

disputed areas in the South China Sea.

Amer, Ramses. “Vietnam in 2014: Crisis with China Makes Headlines.” Southeast Asian Affairs,

(2015): 387-401.

The author focuses on the territorial disputes over the South China Sea between China and

Vietnam. He provides a detailed analysis of the protests in Vietnam against the Chinese claims of

rights in the South China Sea.

Dittmer, Lowell and Mikael Weissmann. “China's Maritime Embroilments.” Asian Survey, vol.

55, no. 3 (May/June 2015): 447-454.

The article concentrates on the legal issues involving the Chinese claims to sovereignty in the

South China Sea, China's maritime periphery and the equilibrium of power between nations in

the region.

Fukuda, Junichi. “Denial and Cost Imposition: Long-term Strategies for Competition with

China.”

Asia-Pacific Review, vol. 22, no. 1 (May 2015): 46-72.

This article touches on the current state of development of China's military capabilities, China's

A2/AD capabilities (anti-access / area denial), and how Japan and the U.S. could counteract them

and meet the Chinese challenges to the regional balance in Asia.

32
Leksyutina, Yana and Gennady Khmelev (tr.). “China's Economic Diplomacy in the 21st

Century.” Far Eastern Affairs, vol. 43, no. 2 (2015): 65-81.

The author addresses China’s economic diplomacy, foreign aid, economic sanctions against

China, territorial disputes in the South China Sea, and diplomacy with ASEAN countries.

Lin, Chong-Pin. “Behind Rising East Asian Maritime Tensions with China: Struggle Without

Breaking.” Asian Survey, vol. 55, no. 3 (May/June 2015): 478-501.

Lin examines the crisis among nations caused by maritime disputes, including those of the South

China Sea and Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands. He also explores China's assertiveness, domestic

support, rising economic interdependence, the hedging strategy of China's neighbors, SinoVietnam Spratlys row, and other disputes.

Midford, Paul. “Japan's Approach to Maritime Security in the South China Sea.” Asian Survey,

vol. 55, no. 3 (May/June 2015): 525-547.

The author focuses on ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), Maritime Self-Defense Force (MSDF),

Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and armed robbery against ships in Asia,

among other things. The article also discusses regional multilevel security cooperation and

policy paradigm.

Raditio, Klaus Heinrich. “China's Shifting Behavior in the South China Sea: a Defensive Realist

Perspective.” American Journal of Chinese Studies, vol. 22, no. 2 (October, 2015): 309-328.

This article deals with the area of China's core interest, security dilemma, military presence, and

claims of sovereignty from a defensive realist perspective. It also lays down the misperceptions

of the conflict of interest.

Simon, Sheldon W. “The US Rebalance and Southeast Asia: a Work in Progress.” Asian Survey,

vol. 55, no. 3 (May/June 2015): 572-595.

Covers ASEAN, multilateral security, the South China Sea, U.S. strategy, and U.S. military

posture.

Sutter, Robert. “More American Attention to Taiwan Amid Heightened Competition with

China.” American Journal of Chinese Studies, vol. 22, no. 1 (Apr 2015): 1-16.

Sutter focuses on Chinese expansionism and U.S. policy towards Taiwan. He discusses the

strategy of rebalance in American foreign policies.

Tønnesson, Stein. “The South China Sea: Law Trumps Power.” Asian Survey, vol. 55, no. 3

(May/June 2015): 455-477.

The interaction between power and international law on the issues of maritime disputes in the

South China Sea are the focus of this article. It covers legal developments, the use of force, and

relations between China and Southeast Asia nations.

Wang, Zheng. “Chinese Discourse on the 'Nine-Dashed Line': Rights, Interests, and

Nationalism.” Asian Survey, vol. 55, no. 3 (May/June 2015): 502-524.

The author surveys the discussions and debates in China over the territorial demarcation line in

the South China Sea. He focuses on the efforts of scholars and think tank experts to legitimize

33
the line and their interaction with the Chinese public and China's policymakers through the

public media.

Weissmann, Mikael. “The South China Sea: Still No War on the Horizon.” Asian Survey, vol.

55, no. 3 (May/June 2015): 596-617.

The article concentrates on the rise of China, ASEAN, conflict management, conflict

transformation, and structural transformation.

Zhang, Biwu. “Chinese Perceptions of U.S. Return to Southeast Asia and the Prospect of China's

Peaceful Rise.” Journal of Contemporary China, vol. 24, no. 91 (January, 2015): 176-195.

Zhang examines the perceptual dimensions of the relations between the United States, China,

and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. He covers American intentions in Southeast

Asia, China's response, the economic importance of Southeast Asia, the South China Sea, the

threat to China's energy security, and China's influence in Southeast Asia.

Books

Cole, Bernard. Asian Maritime Strategies: Navigating Troubled Waters. Annapolis, MD: Naval

Institute Press, 2014.

Cole evaluates the threats and opportunities for cooperation at sea. He explores the involvement

of the United States Navy in these maritime disputes which threaten vital American economic,

political, and security interests.

Hayton, Bill. The South China Sea: the Struggle for Power in Asia. Hartford, CT: Yale

University Press, 2014.

The book examines the threat of a direct confrontation among nations that include Vietnam,

India, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and China, as well as the United States,

Russia, and others. Hayton also describes how difficult it would be to have a peaceful resolution

of the issues involved.

Kaplan, Robert. Asia's Cauldron: The South China Sea and the End of a Stable Pacific. NY:

Random House, 2014.

The author theorizes how geography determines destiny. The book also evaluates how colliding

forces in the Asian region will shape the future of the South China Sea.

Song, Yann-huei and Keyuan Zou, eds. Major Law and Policy Issues in the South China Sea:

European and American Perspectives. NY: Routledge, 2014.

Prominent American and European scholars who specialize in the study of the South China Sea

disputes discuss the issues from legal and political perspectives. They focus on incidents in the

South China Sea between the claimants over fisheries, collection of seismic data, exploration for

oil and gas resources, and the exercise of freedom of navigation.

Talmon, Stefan and Bing Bing Jia, eds. The South China Sea Arbitration: A Chinese Perspective.

Portland, OR: Hart Publishing, 2014.

34
The book addresses the legal issues of the bilateral disputes between the People’s Republic of

China and the Philippines. It helps readers understand the Chinese government's position on the

controversies of the South China Sea.

Reports

McDevitt, Michael. “A CNA Occasional Paper: The South China Sea: Assessing U.S. Policy and

Options for the Future.” Washington, D.C.: Center for Strategic Studies, CNA Corporation,

2014.

Available at: https://www.cna.org/CNA_files/PDF/IOP-2014-U-009109.pdf.

Created by Center for Naval Analysis, this white paper evaluates the American policies

regarding the issues related to the South China Sea.

U. S. Congress. House. America's Security Role in the South China Sea, a Hearing before the

Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific, 114th Cong., 1st sess., July

23, 2015.” Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

A Congressional hearing on the United States’ security role in the South China Sea.

U. S. Department of Defense. Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments

Involving the People’s Republic of China 2015. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of

Defense, 2015.

Available at:

http://www.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/2015_China_Military_Power_Report.pdf.

This U.S. Department of Defense annual report includes “Special Topic: China’s Land

Reclamation in the South China Sea,” which covers the issues of the Chinese military’s role in

the territorial disputes.

Conferences

Fifth Annual CSIS South China Sea Conference, July 21, 2015.

Available at: http://csis.org/event/fifth-annual-csis-south-china-sea-conference.

Organized and hosted by Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington

D.C., this conference focused on discussion and analysis of U.S. and Asian policy options in the

South China Sea. There are video/audio recordings of the speeches by speakers from throughout

the region, including claimant countries. In addition, the site contains links to presentations of

previous South China Sea conferences.

Tibet

Articles

Barry, Sautman. “Secessionism as a United States Foreign Policy Lever: Tibet in Context.”

The Brown Journal of World Affairs. vol. 20, no. 2 (Spring/Summer 2014): 179-201.

This article discusses the complicated issues of Tibet secessionism and its independence

movement. The author highlights the difficulties Tibetans in exile in China have in achieving

ethnic minority self-representation.

35
Cao, Yongrong; Xu, Jian. “The Tibet Problem in the Milieu of a Rising China: Findings from a

Survey on Americans' Attitudes toward China.” Journal of Contemporary China. vol. 24, no. 92

(Mar 2015): 240-259.

This article contains American public opinion data which shows huge differences in political

values between Americans and Chinese. The authors believe cultural factors are the main cause

of the differences.

Dziedzic, Peter. “Religion under Fire: A Report and Policy Paper on Religious Freedom in

Tibet.” The Tibet Journal. vol. 38, no. 3&4 (Autumn-Winter 2013): 87-113.

Based on the definition of religious freedom as defined in contemporary international accords,

this work seeks to investigate the history of religious repression and current violations of

religious freedom in Tibet.

Han, Enze. “Dynamics of Political Resistance in Tibet: Religious Repression and Controversies

of Demographic Change.” The China Quarterly, (Mar 2014): 69-98.

The author examines the 2008 Tibetan protest movements in China. He believes that the spread

and frequency of protests in ethnic Tibetan areas are significantly associated with the number of

officially registered Tibetan Buddhist sites, as well as the historical dominance of particular

types of Tibetan religious sects.

Lauer, Tina. “Between Desire and Duty: On Tibetan Identity and Its Effects on SecondGeneration Tibetans in India and Switzerland.” Asian Ethnology. vol. 74, no.1 (2015): 167-192.

Available at: https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/4421.

In this article Lauer provides an overview of the lives of Tibetans in exile living in India and

Switzerland, including their relationship with the Dalai Lama, Tibetan language skill, marriage,

political engagement for Tibet and the practice of Tibetan Buddhism.

Pirie, Fernanda. “The Limits of the State: Coercion and Consent in Chinese Tibet.” The Journal

of Asian Studies vol. 72, no. 1 (Feb 2013): 69-89.

This article analyzes the effectiveness of Chinese governance on the Tibetan populations,

especially in Qinghai and Gansu provinces, where Chinese officials negotiate a form of local

order with religious and tribal leaders.

Puerava, Stila-Nicholas. “China’s Separatist Provinces. Xinjiang and Tibet Part of China? A

View on the Separatism and Unity as “Chineseness,” “Core Interests” and as “Sinocentric” in the

Chinese Perspectives.” The Public Administration and Social Policies Review, vol. VI, no. 1

(June 2014): 52-70.

Puerava shows the interconnected aspects of China’s internal and international actions, the

elements of “Chineseness” and “Core Interests,” and the meaning of the “Sinocentric” concept in

the world view of China.

Topgyal, Tsering. “Identity Insecurity and the Tibetan Resistance Against China.” Pacific

Affairs. vol. 86, no. 3 (Sep 2013): 515-538.

36
This article focuses on the main factors of the Sino-Tibetan conflict: the identity of Tibetan

people; multifaceted resistance; the security rationale behind the Tibetan struggle; Tibetan

nationalism; and the Tibetan in exile-homeland connection.

Books

Dalai Lama. An Appeal by the Dalai Lama to the World: Ethics Are More Important Than

Religion. Austria: Benevento, 2016.

In this book, the Dalai Lama outlines a new secular ethic as the foundation of a peaceful century.

The answers will come not from religions, but from people embracing an ethics that spans all

differences.

Fischer, Andrew Martin. The Disempowered Development of Tibet in China: A Study in the

Economics of Marginalization. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2013.

This book offers a detailed and careful exploration of the synergy between development and

conflict in Tibet from the mid-1990s onwards, when rapid economic growth occurred in tandem

with a move to assimilate Tibet into China.

Guo, Rongxing. China’s Regional Development and Tibet. Singapore: Springer, 2015.

Guo pursues both narrative and analytic approaches to better understand China’s spatial

economic development and its implications for Tibet.

Haerens, Margaret and Lynn M. Zott, eds. Opposing Viewpoints. Tibet. Detroit: Greenhaven

Press, 2014.

This book helps fulfill a need for current-issue materials pertaining to Tibetan studies. The

viewpoints are selected from a wide range of highly respected sources and publications.

Halper, Lezlee Brown. Tibet: An Unfinished Story. NY: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Tracing the origins and manifestations of the Tibetan myth, this book discusses how, after

WWII, Tibet misread the diplomacy between its two giant neighbors, India and China, hoping

London or Washington might intervene.

Hay, Jeff, ed. Genocide and Persecution. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2014.

In exploring decades of conflict and violence in Tibet, the author provides historical background,

an examination of the controversies, including the assertion that China committed genocide in

Tibet, the status of religion in Tibet, what outsiders have done in regard to Tibet, and personal

narratives of those affected.

Hillman, Ben and Gray Tuttle, eds. Ethnic Conflict and Protest in Tibet and Xinjiang: Unrest in

China's West. NY: Columbia University Press, 2016.

The authors examine the factors driving the unrest in Tibet and Xinjiang and the political

strategies used to suppress them. They also explain why certain areas have seen higher

concentrations of ethnic-based violence than others.

Johnson, Lionel. Tibet: U.S. Policy, Human Rights and Religious Freedom. NY: Nova Science

Publishers, 2015.

37
This book points out that the U.S. Congress has shown a strong interest in Tibet since the 1980s.

Dozens of laws and resolutions related to Tibet have been passed indicating that the U.S. Tibet

policy is to support the aspirations of the Tibetan people to safeguard their distinct identity.

Knaus, John Kenneth. Beyond Shangri-La: America and Tibet’s Move into the Twenty-First

Century. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2013.

Writing from an insider’s perspective as a former agent of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency,

Knaus, who trained Tibetan resistance fighters during the years of U.S. covert support of the

resistance, brings to the story his intimate knowledge of the actors, the period and his deep and

long commitment to the Tibetans.

Ngag-dbang, Ding-ri. Tibet, Behind the Chinese Bamboo Curtain. Dharamsala, H.P.:

Department of Information and International Relations, 2014.

This work contains documented materials with illustrations on various political atrocities against

Tibetan political prisoners by the Chinese Communists in Tibet from1949 to1979.

Riedel, Bruce. JFK's Forgotten Crisis: Tibet, the CIA, and Sino-Indian War. Washington, D.C.:

Brookings Institution Press, 2015.

Riedel provides new perspectives and insights over Kennedy’s forgotten crisis during the Cold

War, including the covert U.S. support of Tibetan opposition to Chinese occupation of Tibet.

Sadhutshang, Rinchen. A Life Unforeseen: A Memoir of Service to Tibet. Somerville, MA:

Wisdom Publications, Inc., 2016.

In this book, the author, who played a crucial role in bringing the plight of the Tibetan people to

the world’s attention, recounts his long, fascinating career in service to the Tibetan cause and

offers a firsthand perspective on a number of memorable historical events.

Topgyal, Tsering. China and Tibet: The Perils of Insecurity. London: Hurst & Co., 2016.

In this book, the author argues that it is China's sense of insecurity, and its perception of itself as

a socio-politically weak state that has disproportionately influenced its policies towards the

religion, language, education and economy of Tibet.

Whalen-Bridge, John. Tibet on Fire: Buddhism, Protest, and the Rhetoric of Self-immolation.

NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

This book examines the Tibetan self-immolation movement of 2011-2015. It asserts that the act

of self-immolation is an affirmation of Tibetan identity in the face of cultural genocide.

Woeser, Tsering. Tibet on Fire: Self-Immolations against Chinese Rule. NY: Verso, 2016.

This is the author’s account of the oppression Tibetans face and the ideals driving those who

resist both the self-immolators and other Tibetans like herself.

Reports

Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Annual Report, 2015. U.S. Government

Printing Office, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2015.

Available at: https://www.cecc.gov/.

38
This report to Congress provides updated issues and developments in Tibetan-China relations:

Status of negotiations between the Chinese government and the Dalai Lama or his

representatives; economic development, urbanization, and party policy; Tibetan self-immolation;

religious freedom for Tibetan Buddhists; status of Tibetan culture; current Tibetan political

detention and imprisonment.

Websites

“Chronology of Sino-Tibetan Contacts, 1979-2013.”

Available at: http://www.savetibet.org/policy-center/chronology-of-tibetan-chinese-relations1979-to-2013/.

The Chinese leadership initiated liberalization and open-door policy on Tibet in 1979. The

International Campaign for Tibet records a chronology on the formal contact between the Dalai

Lama’s representatives and the Chinese leaders.

39
SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

This section of the bibliography was compiled by the U. S. Government Publishing Office,

Library Services and Content Management.

These resources are available for purchase at the GPO bookstore at

http://bookstore.gpo.gov and are also available through https://www.govinfo.gov

and the Catalog of U.S. Government Publications.

“RESOLVED: The United States Federal Government Should Substantially Increase Its

Economic and/or Diplomatic Engagement with the People’s Republic of China”

China in 1989 and 2015: Tiananmen, Human Rights, and Democracy, Hearing, June 3, 2015

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2015: 64 p.

Price: $7.00

China's Advance in Latin America and the Caribbean, Joint Hearing, September 10, 2015

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on the

Western Hemisphere; and Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific

Year/Pages: 2015: 94 p.

Price: $10.00

China's Compliance With the World Trade Organization and International Trade Rules,

Hearing, January 15, 2014

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2014: 60 p.

Price: $7.00

China's Maritime and Other Geographic Threats, Hearing, October 30, 2013

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Europe, Eurasia, and

Emerging Threats

Year/Pages: 2014: 59 p.

Price: $7.00

40
China’s New "Two-Child Policy" and the Continuation of Massive Crimes Against

Women and Children: Hearing Before the Congressional-Executive Commission on

China December 3, 2015

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2016: 72 p.

Price: $8.00

China's Rise and Reconfiguration of Central Asia's Geopolitics: A Case for U.S. "Pivot"

to Eurasia

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, Strategic Studies Institute

Year/Pages: 2015: 135 p.

Price: $18.00

China's Rise: The Strategic Impact of Its Economic and Military Growth, Hearing,

June 17, 2015

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific

Year/Pages: 2015: 81 p.

Price: $9.00

The Chinese Air Force: Evolving Concepts, Roles, and Capabilities

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, National Defense University, Institute for National Strategic

Studies, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs

Year/Pages: 2012: 424 p.

Price: $9.75

Chinese Civil-Military Relations in the Post-Deng Era: Implications for Crisis Management

and Naval Modernization

Publisher: Defense Dept., Navy, Naval War College, China Maritime Studies Institute

Year/Pages: 2010: 55 p.; ill.

Price: $3.00

41
Chinese Lessons From Other Peoples' Wars

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, U.S. Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute

Year/Pages: 2011: 335 p.; ill.

Price: $24.00

The Chinese People's Liberation Army in 2025

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, Strategic Studies Institute

Year/Pages: 2015: 387 p.

Price: $42.00

Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report, 2011

Publisher: Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2011: 348 p.

Price: $16.50

Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2012

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2012: 284 p.

Price: $7.50

Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2013

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2013: 318 p.

Price: $16.50

Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2014

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2014: 320 p.

Price: $33.00

42
Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2015

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2015: 339 p.

Price: $35.00

Discord or “Harmonious Society”: China in 2030

Publisher: Defense Dept., Air Force, Air University, Air War College, Center for Strategy

and Technology

Year/Pages: 2011: 144 p.

Price: $11.50

The Future of U.S.-China Relations, Hearing, June 25, 2014

Publisher: Senate, Committee on Foreign Relations

Year/Pages: 2014: 40 p.

Price: $5.25

The Growing Complexity of Sino-Indian Ties

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, Strategic Studies Institute; and Army War College

Year/Pages: 2014: 55 p.

Price: $10.00

Human Rights in China: The 2015 Annual Report of the Congressional-Executive

Commission on China, Hearing, January 12, 2016

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs

Year/Pages: 2016: 30 p.

Price: $4.50

43
Imperialism with Chinese Characteristics?: Reading and Re-Reading China's 2006

Defense White Paper

Publisher: Defense Dept., National Intelligence University, National Intelligence Press, Center

for Strategic Intelligence Research

Year/Pages: 2011: 64 p.

Price: $2.75

Is Academic Freedom Threatened by China's Influence on U.S. Universities? Hearing,

December 4, 2014

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global

Human Rights, and International Organizations

Year/Pages: 2014: 63 p.

Price: $7.00

Is Academic Freedom Threatened by China's Influence on U.S. Universities? Hearing,

June 25, 2015

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global

Human Rights, and International Organizations

Year/Pages: 2015: 112 p.

Price: $12.00

A New Era of U.S.-China Relations? Hearing, September 17, 2014

Publisher: House, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific

Year/Pages: 2014: 49 p.

Price: $5.75

44
A New Type of Great Power Relationship Between the United States and China:

The Military Dimension

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, Strategic Studies Institute; and Army War College

Year/Pages: 2014: 84 p.

Price: $13.00

The Paracel Islands and U.S. Interests and Approaches in the South China Sea

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, U.S. Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute

Year/Pages: 2014: 211 p.

Price: $24.00

Parsing Chinese-Russian Military Exercises

Publisher: Defense Dept., Army, Strategic Studies Institute; and Army War College

Year/Pages: 2015: 90 p.

Price: $14.00

The Paradox of Power: Sino-American Strategic Restraint in an Era of Vulnerability

Publisher: Defense Dept., National Defense University, Institute for National Strategic Studies,

Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs

Year/Pages: 2011: 236 p.

Price: $11.00

People's Republic of China's Counterspace Program and the Implications for U.S. National

Security, Joint Hearing, January 28, 2014

Publisher: House, Committee on Armed Services, Subcommittee on Strategic Forces; and

Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces

Year/Pages: 2014: 70 p.

Price: $7.00

45
Pet Treats and Processed Chicken From China: Concerns for American Consumers and

Pets, Hearing, June 17, 2014

Publisher: Congress, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe

Year/Pages: 2015: 75 p.

Price: $8.00

Population Control in China: State-Sponsored Violence Against Women and Children,

Hearing, April 30, 2015

Publisher: House, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2015: 127 p.

Price: $12.00

Religion With ''Chinese Characteristics'': Persecution and Control in Xi Jinping's China,

Hearing, July 23, 2015

Publisher: Congress, Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2016: 74 p.

Price: $8.00

Tiananmen at 25: Enduring Influence on U.S.-China Relations and China's Political

Development, Hearing, May 20, 2014

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2014: 44 p.

Price: $5.50

U.S. Asia-Pacific Strategic Considerations Related to People's Liberation Army Naval

Forces Modernization, Hearing, December 11, 2013

Publisher: House, Committee on Armed Services, Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection

Forces

Year/Pages: 2014: 113 p.

Price: $12.00

46
U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Annual Report, 2008

Publisher: U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission

Year/Pages: 2008: 403 p.

Price: $35.00

U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Annual Report, 2012

Publisher: U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission

Year/Pages: 2012: 595 p.

Price: $23.00

Urging China's President Xi Jinping to Stop State-Sponsored Human Rights Abuses,

Hearing, September 18, 2015

Publisher: Congress, Congressional-Executive Commission on China

Year/Pages: 2016: 62 p.

Price: $7.00

2013 Report to Congress of the U.S. China Economic and Security Review Commission,

Hearing, November 20, 2013

Publisher: House, Committee on Armed Services

Year/Pages: 2014: 123 p.

Price: $12.00

47