FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEVEN T HC IRC U IT NOV 14 , 2006 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 05- 16619 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C. D o c k e tN o . 0 3 - 2 0 5 5 1 - CR- PCH U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s J A C K Y B E RN A R D , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe S outhe rn D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( N ove m b e r 14, 2006) B efo re A N D E R S O N , B IR C H an d B A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: Jack y B ern ard ap p eal s h i s 2 4 6 -m o n th sen t en ce fo r co n sp i racy t o p o ssess w i th i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e c oc a i ne , i n vi ol a t i on of 21 U . S . C . § 846, a nd pos s e s s i on of af ir e a rm b y ac o n v ic te d f

e lo n , in v io la tio n o f

1 8 U .S .C . § 9 2 2 ( g ) ( 1 ) . A c c o r d in g to2

the P r e s e nt e nc e I nve s t i ga t i on R e port( “ P S I ” ) , the D rug E nf or c e m e nt A d m in is tr a tio n ( “D E A ” ) r e c e iv e d in f o rm a tio n th a t a n A m e r ic a n b o a t in te n d e d to tr a ve l t o the B a ha m a s t o pi c k up al a r ge s hi pm e ntof c oc a i ne , w hi c h the n w oul d be br oughtt o F l or i da . T he D E A s t oppe d a nd s e a r c he d the ve s s e l , unc ove r i ng approx i m at el y 350 ki l og ra m s of c ocai ne. T he capt ai n o f the vess el coop er at ed w ith th e D E A a n d c o n d u c te d ac o n tr o lle d d e liv e ry o f th e c o c a in e to B e rn a r d . O n ap p e a l, B e rn a r d a r g u e s th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u rt e rr o n e o u s ly e n h a n c e d h is s e nt e nc e ba s e d upon adrug qua nt i ty of 350 ki l ogr a m s , w he n the j ury onl y f ound tha the ha d pos s e s s e d m or e tha n 5 ki l ogr a m s of c oc a i ne . H e a s s e rt s tha t , dur i ng the tr i a l , the r e w e r e no a l l e ga t i ons tha the a tt e m pt e d t o pos s e s s tha ta m ountof c oc a i ne o rth a t h e p r e v io u s lyh a d b e e n e n g a g e d in d ru g tr a f f ic k in g . H e c o n te n d s th a t, because he obj ec t ed t o the drug qu ant i ty c on t ai ned i n the P S I, the go vernm entw as r e qui r e d t o pr ove the qua nt i ty , w hi c h i tf a i l e d t o do, pur s ua ntt o U ni t e d S t a t e s v. B o o k e r , 5 4 3 U .S . 2 2 0 , 1 2 5 S .C t. 7 3 8 , 1 6 0 L .E d .2 d 6 2 1 ( 2 0 0 5 ) . H e a r g u e s th a t h is s e nt e nc e c oul d notbe e nha nc e d ba s e d upon the 350 ki l ogr a m s be c aus e tha ta m ount w a s n o t r e a s o n ab ly f

o r e s e e ab le . A di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s de t e rm i na t i on of the drug qua nt i ty us e d t o e s t abl i s h a defe nd ant ’ s bas e off

ense l evel i s r evi ew ed for c l ear e rr or. S ee U ni t ed S t at es v . R o d r ig u e z , 3 9 8 F .3 d 1 2 9 1 , 1 2 9 6 ( 1 1 th C ir .) c e rt. d e n ie d 1 2 5 S .C t. 2 9 3 5 ( 2 0 0 5 ) .3

W e w i l l notf

i nd c l e a re rr orunl e s s w e a r e “ l e f tw i th ade f

i ni t e a nd f

i rm c onvi c t i on tha tam i s t a ke ha s be e n c om m i tt e d. ” U ni t e d S t a t e s v. C r a w f or d, 407 F . 3d 1174, 1 1 7 7 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 5 ) ( in te rn a l q u o ta tio n s a n d c ita tio n s o m itte d ) . In thi s c as e, N o w a k , th e c ap ta in o f th e b o a t te s tif

ie d th a t h e w a s s u p p o s e d to de l i ve rthe e nt i r e 350 ki l ogr a m s of c oc a i ne t o B e rna r d. B e rna r d, a tas uppr e s s i on hear i ng , al so t es t i fi ed thatw hen the pu rport ed cocai ne fr om the bo atw as del i vere d t o hi m i n a n E xpe di t i on, duf f e l ba gs of

purport e d c oc a i ne w e r e s t a c ke d t o the c e i l i ng. F i na l l y , a ttr i a l , B e rna r d s t i pul a t e d tha tthe r e w a s 350 ki l ogr a m s of c oc a i ne ab o a r d th e b o a t. U l t i m a t e l y , the c ourtf

ound, by apr e ponde r a nc e of the e vi de nc e , tha tthe of f e ns e i nvol ve d m or e tha n 150 ki l ogr a m s of c oc a i ne . W i th a n of

f e ns e l e ve l of 4 0 , an d a cri m i n al h i st o ry cat eg o ry I, th e g u i d el i n e ran g e w as 2 9 2 t o 3 6 5 m o n th s’ i m pri sonm ent . A ft erconsi deri ng the 18 U . S . C . § 3 55 3 fac t ors, the court de t e rm i ne d tha ta246- m onth s e nt e nc e , as e nt e nc e be l ow the a dvi s ory gui de l i ne r a n g e , w a s r e a s o n ab le . W e d o n o t f in d th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u rt e rr e d . A F F I R M E D .