For the first time in the 10-year history of the
bank. private industrial investment exceeded
that of the public sector by 27 per cent at the end
of the 1985-86 financial year. —

“As this is the first year that this desirable situ-

ation has been achieved. it would. appear that
Ciskei’s new economic policies (mainly the aboli-
tion of company tax) are proving effective in at-
tracting largely self-funding industries. thus re-
ducing the taxpayers burden with respect to
industrial development.” Mr Vanda said..

Asked about Ciskei factories that were packing
up and being liquidated. he said these were few.
“It is symptomatic of the economic climate gener-
ally and Ciskei is very fortunate because people
going under are far less here than for example
‘those in the PWV area.” . Tas

‘The smalt Ciskeian manufacturer is also taken
care of. ‘

The small business division of the Peoples
Bank is also contributing to this sector in Ciskei.
providing loans, training and management assist-
ance services to businessmen.

Investors: Government Paved Way

A spirit of optimism per-
ete yvades the decision ‘of indus-
trialists to invest in Ciskei,
according to the president of
the Ciskei Chamber of Indus-
tries, Mr Leon Schonknecht,

He says the remarkable
growth in Ciskei is directly
attributable to the positive

investment climate created
by the government. .

79317
cso: 3400/400

It has embarked on a programme whereby com-
petent Ciskeians who own small industrie that
have outgrown their informal status are assisted
to set up factories in designated industrial areas.
To date five new wholly. owned Ciskeian manu-
facturing. companies. have ‘been established in
this way. Eee eek St

The Peoples Bank has granted 1095 business

joans to the value of R23 million to Ciskeian en-

‘trepreneurs'since 1976. Of these. 300 loans to the
‘value. of .R69 million were granted during the
past financial year and resulted in the formation
of 59 new, businesses.

To date.‘the division has concentrated mainly
on commerciai development in the more urban-
ised areas of Ciskei. However. according to Mr
Vanda, this is changing now with the bank ex-
panding its operations in the rural areas where
traditional crafts are being revived. “In this way
we have also brought a steady income ot
R100 a month to over 60 of these craftsmen.
Mr Vanda.

The bold and imaginative
tax reforms, he said, had
been followed up with signi-
ficant land reforms in terms
of which both Ciskeians and

investors can obtain title to :
‘land and ‘buildings. °°”

‘ “phe effects of the current
economic: recession pervad-*
‘ing Southern Africa have
also been felt in Ciskei and
many industrialists are cur-
rently looking at export mar-
kets to stimulate growth and
maintain production levels.”

55



/9317
cso: 3400/398

cycle over the country-

side, he came across one
gutted village after an-:

other, corpses — often

‘booby trapped with mines ;
— and starving z
“Nowhere — in fact

not since 1981 — have 1
seen any livestock or flou-
tishing crops anywhere on
my tours of Mozambique.
Livestock are taken away
by Frelimo and crops sys-
tematically razed in a
scorched earth policy to
try to stop villagers fram
backing Renamo.

“But despite this Rena-
mo is rapidly getting the
upper hand and in many
areas has absolute. con-
trol. Frelimo. never ven-
tures out of the main ur-
ban areas — except in
daylight and then in mass-
ive armed convoys,” he
said.

Religious - persecution
was reaching a climax.
Christians were being
burnt and hacked to
death, churches systema-
tically razed and Bibles
ceremonially burnt.

21

The Frelimo “message
to villagers was “the old
people can still pray, but
the young must carry
guns. It was guns that lib-
erated Mozambique and
not prayer.” *

i Conscription applied to
the tribes, including girls,
from 12 years upwards.

“In village after village
I saw masses of elderly
people and very young,
, and shortages of people
of-ages in between,” he

Mr. Hammond ‘said he’
would ensure that copies’
of his report reached hu-
man rights organisations
worldwide. He aimed at
hitting at scepticism of ret
ports~of.. human rights:
violations by Frelim6.-¢

Even in South Africa,:
he “said, “he had come?
across. scepticism from
fellow ' clergymen, who'
claimed that brutality had
stopped since the signing
of the Nkomati Accord.

» Mr Hammond listed 80

churches which had. been
burnt -down and more
than 60 cases of’ massed
Bible burning.



NOTE

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transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed, Where no processing indicator is given, -the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
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Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



SOUTH AFRICA

EFFORTS UNDERWAY TO ENCOURAGE TRANSKEI INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
. East London DAILY DISPATCH (Supplement) in English 30 Jul 86 pp 6,7
. [Article by Janette Bennett]

{Text}

External factors have
taken their toll on in-
dustrial growth but
‘Transkei remains con-
fident for the future
and is taking active
steps to overcome
problems, according
to the Transkei De-
velopment Corpora-
tion (TDC) senior man- ;
ager, industrial de-
velopment, Mr lan
Jonsson.

He said the econo-
mic recession, politic-
al unrest, disinvest-
ment campaigns, and
imposition of quotas |
on South African’,
goods had affected:
Transkei’s industrial
growth.

“The present ex-|
change rate means
that important mate-
rials are very expen-
sive but companies
cannot always take
advantage of the ex-
port potential due to
quotas or bans on
Southern African
goods.” : ‘

Many companies
established to serve |
export markets have
had to adapt to serving,
increasingly competi-
tive local markets
where selling prices

cannot always be ad-.
justed to reflect the :
high cost of imported
materials.

However, the TDC

) is working closely with
the Department of
Commerce, Industry
and Tourism to create
a “more conducive en-
vironment’ for de-
velopment in Trans-
kei. This, said Mr Jon-
son, was illustrated by
the recent announce-
ment that freehold ti-
tle of land would soon
be available to indus-
tralists,

“This action,
together with a more
active promotional
-strategy and a planned
development prog-
ramme, should coun-
teract the negative
rees,” Mr Jonsson
id 2

id.

|'eHe! lauded the re-
jeently established de-
jyelopment of the
'Cabinet Secretariat’s |
initiative to forge!
i clear channels of com- |
‘munication between!
the government and/
industrialists. |

Mr Jonsson said the:
Development Bank of.
Southern Africa,
(DBSA) was active in

64

the region and their.
assistance was useful
and welcome.

To date, they have
agreed to finance a
substantial building
programme of new fac-
tory units at Butter-
worth, Ezibeleni and
‘Umtata, as well as re-
search into improved
development
strategies for the
i whole of Region D and
the Queenstown/
Ezibeleni area.
“We would like to
see Ezibeleni growing
‘with Queenstown, not
1 competing against it.”
Apart from three ac-
tive growth‘ points —
Butterworth, Ezibele-
ni and Umtata, all in
| Region D— a develop:
j,ment point for Lusiki-
| siki/Mtonjeni, in Re-
i gion E, have been
: formulated and a sub-
mission made to the
DBSA for assistance.

Due to interest
shown by indus-
trialists, Umzim-
kulu is also being
considered as a
growth point.

In both the
Umzimkulu and
Lusikisiki



SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY LAUDS BOTHA'S ' STRONGLY REFORMIST SPEECH'
MB140910 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 14 Aug 86
[Station commentary: "Constitutional Reform"]

[Text] Further developments in South Africa's process of constitutional reforn,
particularly those affecting blacks in the country's large urban areas, have
been mentioned by President P.W. Botha in Durban. In a strongly reformist speech
to the ruling National Party's [NP] Federal Congress, Mr Botha suggested the
creation of autonomous black city-states in the large metropolitan areas and
confirmed the government's intention to proceed with the establishment of the
National Council as the first step towards political power-sharing with

blacks. This makes nonsense of the claim by veteran opposition politician

Mrs Helen Suzman that President Botha's address contained not a single note of
hope for blacks. His wide-ranging speech, in fact, centered on dialogue,
negotiation, and the involvement of all South Africa's peoples as instruments
of hope, peace, and freedom for all,

Mr Botha pointed out that policy directions had been laid down over the past
year with regard to black communities who live outside the four independent and
six self-governing national states. Negotiations with the leaders of these
communities would have to take place on such important matters as the sharing,
distribution, and devolution of power. President Botha stressed his government's
commitment to dialogue as part of the process of broadening democratic institu-
tions. He reiterated his government's attitude to the release of political
prisoners. All they had to do, he said, was to renounce violence as a means of
achieving political objectives.

President Botha reaffirmed his government's commitment to orderly, evolutionary
reform in contrast to the violent change advocated by the revolutionaries.

There was no contradiction of this view with the temporary emergency measures
which had become necessary to restore law and order. The fact is that full
effect cannot be given to the reform process in a climate of violence and unrest.
Restoring law and order and the subsequent lifting of the state of emergency
remain the country's most immediate need.

/8309
cso: 3400/409

75



IVORY COAST

BRIEFS

INTERNATIONAL COCOA ACCORD--At long last, President Houphouet-Boigny has
officially agreed to the Ivory Coast signing the new International Cocoa
Agreement. The minister of agriculture, Denis Bra Kanon, made this disclosure
in Geneva over the weekend. The Ivory Coast did participate actively in the
renegotiation of the said agreement, but since our country made it known last
March that it would refuse to sign the agreement if certain guarantees were not
made, especially as it refused to sign the agreement in 1980, it was not possible
to foresee a change in the stand of the world's leading cocoa producing country.
Last week, all newspapers specializing in the field, “the FINANCIAL TIMES,

LE MONDE, and LIBERATION, hailed the new agreement, but gave as a condition

for its credibility, the prior approval of it by President Houphouet-Boigny.
[Excerpt] [Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 29 Jul 86 p 1] /8309

cso: « 3400/420

41



DONATION FOR BLACK EDUCATION--Black education and training programmes are to
benefit from a gift of R1,25 million distrubuted among 13 organisations
across the country. The money is part of a R3,75 million donation by the
American-based Firestone Tire and Rubber Company. Organisations to benefit
include the South African Committee for Higher Education (Sached), the
Teachers’ Opportunity Programme (Tops) and a number of Cape institutions.
Firestone SA managing director Mr Peter Morum said the bulk of the aid was
distrubuted in the Eastern Cape. [Text][Johannesburg THE STAR in English

6 Aug 86 p 3]/12828

CSO: 3400/386

70



Jointed Arms for Handling Fuel

Our source disclosed that, by May or June of next year, the new fuel handling
system will go into effect. This project has been backed with 3 million

florins. at Ee

To execute it, five jointed arms have been acquired, to be installed ‘on the
petroleum dock, and only their connection to the gasoline tanks is required.
The installation of the respective piping is anticipated shortly. This work
will be completed in conjunction with a project to be awarded to-a Dutch firm
this month, ae :

When requested to comment on the manner in which the fuel transport is being
carried out at present, the subject of our interview remarked: .

"The transporting of fuel from the vessels to the gasoline tanks is currently
being accomplished through a single pipeline forall types of fuel. Now, with
the new system, we shall have four pipelines for. various kinds of fuel, in
addition to raising productivity." Fi

Lighting Is Efficient

The lighting system is now in full operation, and it may be said that the dock
is efficiently lighted, as is the inside of the storage facilities. Moreover,
intensive work has been performed, culminating in the replacement of the high
voltage cables and the rehabilitation of the power transformer posts.

To undertake this task, it was necessary to acquire lamps and floodlights for
the external lighting of the Nos 6 and 10 docks, which are already installed

and in full operation.

Rubber skids have recently been acquired, and are now installed on.the Nos 9
and 10 docks. At the present time, the same work on the Nos 6 and 7 docks is
all that remains to be done.

4n effort is now being made to scrape and paint all the piles on the No 8
dock.

Another notable improvement from which the port of Beira has benefited relates
to the system for transporting goods from the docks to the transit storage
facilities, and vice versa. Recently 10 trucks and 30 hitches, each with a

' 30-ton capacity, were acquired to replace the transportation by wagon.

Our source notes, in this regard, that this type of transportation for short
distances has proven to be more profitable and economical when carried out
with trucks than with wagons.

The investment made to purchase this type of vehicle is approximately 2.5
million florins. '

28



Discount Prices

According to market analysts in the coal branch South Africa has held its
ground on the coal market.so far by giving a "political discount" to its
buyers. South African coal is about $6 cheaper per ton than the same product
from countries that are politically more acceptable. South Africa will
probably increase the discount now in order to sustain its exports.

In addition a certain redistribution of the export markets can be expected.
Trade statistics for recent years show that South Africa's exports of coal
to West Europe have already stagnated while exports to Asia have risen. In
the long run this could mean that South Africa will "trade" markets with
Australia and the United States, which are also big coal exporters. Asian
countries that are politically less sensitive can start buying coal from
South Africa at discount. prices at the same time as coal producers from the
western hemisphere move into the vacuum South Africa leaves behind in Europe.

Unemployment

Another result of Denmark's total and France's partial coal boycott is that
employment in the South African coal mines is declining. The South African
Mining ‘Chamber of. Commerce says that up to 35 percent of the 110,000 workers
in the coal mines could lose their jobs if the boycott spreads to more coun-
tries.

6578
CSO: 3650/290 END

99



TOGO

BRIEFS

CLEMENCY IN 'LEAFLET' CASE--We open this newscast with a communique: For ~
humanitarian reasons, in order to enable a mother ‘to regain her home and

her children, and on the occasion of the African Woman's Day, which is being
celebrated in Africa and in our country, General Gnassingbe Eyadema, founding
chairman of the RPT and president of the republic, has decided to give clemency
to Madame Adeyinka’Ablan Randolph, a teacher, found guilty and sentenced
yesterday to 3 years imprisonment in the case of subversive leaflets. [Text]
[Lome Domestic Service in French 1230 GMT 31 Jul 86] /8309

cso: 3400/420

35



- 19317
cso: 3400/400

had set in when women relinquished
control pver the settlement to a male-,
dominated system’ of headmen.

Outsiders had . “consciously or:

uncofiitiously” reinforced: that
phenomenon. :

It was “easier to deal with orthodox
leadership than to” attempt to
strengthen ‘the hand of people.
oO ing at an informal level with no.
tigi leadership structures. This. is
interesting in the light of the rhetoric
about democracy. ~

“This mistake -was made, by all
groups: lawyers, community workers
and churches. Thus those purporting

60

to be headmen won the day and made
their fortunes.” - * an
She criticised progressive political
leadership which was clearly working
against the interest.of the majority in
their areas. 7
“Short-term gains were allowed to’
overshadow issues of principle. No
‘one was concerned about the exclusion
of women and ordinary people from
‘the decision-making process”,
Ramphele also criticised opposition
‘political groupings for allowing
supporters to. under a political
morality that “would. have been
unacceptable anywhere else”.



NAMIBIA

GOVERNMENT ASKS CHANGE IN LEGAL STATUS
MB151042 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0749 GMT 15 Aug 86

[Text] Windhoek, Aug 15 (SAPA)--The SWA/NAMIBIA transitional government has
requested that its legal position be changed to preclude it from involvement
in the issuing of certificates in terms of the Defence Act to stop court
proceedings against members of the security forces.

The cabinet issued such a certificate of the authority of the South African
State president on June 27 that cancelled criminal proceedings against four
South African soldiers.

The four men, Mr C.J. Harmse, Mr F.J. Herbst, Mr D.F. Enslin and Mr J. Fernando,
had appeared in the Tsumeb Magistrates Court in connection with the alleged
murder of an Ovambo-speaking civilian, Mr Frans, Uatopa, 48.

In a statement in Windhoek today, the transitional cabinet chairman,

Mr Andrew Matjila, said the government had consulted legal opinion at the time
and was informed it had no option but to give effect to the decision of

Mr P.W. Botha to end the court proceedings.

The function is carried out by the minister of justice in South Africa, but
the power in SWA/NAMIBIA had been vested in the transitional government.

The cabinet had also not been able to consider the facts of the issue, because
only the South African state president was authorised to do so.

Mr Matj ila said the administrator-general, Mr Louis Pienaar, had been requested
to convey the SWA/NAMIBIAN transitional government's message to the South African
Government.

A section of the Defence Act empowers the state president to end court proceed-
ings "by reason of an act done in good faith by members of the Defence force for
the purpose of or in connection with the prevention or suppression of terrorism
in an operational area, and that it is in the national interest that the
proceedings not be continued."

31



CAPE STUDY PREDICTS MASSIVE BLACK INFLUX

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 5 Aug 86 p4

(Text] CAPE TOWN — A massive and continuing influx of black peoplé
from economically disadvantaged rural areas into the Peninsula
region has been predicted by the Cape Town city council. ey

By the year 2000 there should:be 1379 330 blacks -— excluding
coloureds — in the Cape‘Town ‘metropolitan transport area, :ac-

cording to a new study: The
area concerned includes greater
Cape Town, Stellenbosch,' Paarl,
Wellington, Some! id
Gordon's Bay.

The report, before-the utilities
and- works committee -yester-
day, said previous forecasts
even by outside agencies
“proved to be unsuitable”: partly
because they had not taken:ac-
count of the immigration.

Influx between 1980 and 1985
had been massive, and would
probably continue,-according to
the report, compiled by,Mr RA
Stroud, principal town planner
of the metropolitan transport

planning branch.” ‘>.

712828
cso: 3400/386

fo’ Statistics ‘inthe ‘teport’ itself”

hot the. presentblack population
thad.- been) determined from ex+
“isting records of ‘all authorities

ed is population

"568 174, the report said. This fig-
‘ure was used to predict proba-
“ple black: population figures of
770 871 in 1990,’ 1037 473‘ five

years later and,1 379 330 by..the

\year.2000. :
"In the year’ 2000 the popula-
tion could be as high as 2 027 986

was low as 965561, the re:

ort said. ~ Sapa

63

SOUTH AFRICA



ZAMBIA

COMMENTARY URGES BOTHA TO HEAR 'VOICES OF REASON'
MB151442 Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 14 Aug 86

[Station commentary: “president P.W. Botha and the South African Racial
Problems"] . .

[Text] If President P.W. Botha's ‘past utterances are anything to go by,, they
only serve to expose the man as totally unreliable; a master at the craft of
hoodwinking, naive, and to his masters, reassuring. And his criticism of
what he termed Western countries is actually directed at Canada, Australia,
New Zealand, and the United States Congress, and the British public for their
unvaried disapproval of ‘apartheid and all that this ideology stands for.

There is absolutely nothing new in President Botha's ongoing ‘rantings at

his National Party Congress in Durban this week. His solution to his coun-
try's problems is that the majority blacks should be continually denied de-
cent education, homes, employment opportunities, [word indistinct], voting
and democartic rights. In a nutshell, the best ‘rule ‘for South Africa is that
the minority whites should aim at living the greatest life of affluence and
opulence to the total exclusion of the majority black people.

Worse still, President Botha's camp has for ‘some time now been considering
ways and means to reduce the population of the :people. by such unconventional
methods as doctoring water supplies ‘to black townships and by the barrel of
the gun.

The people .and nations who ‘have good up. and voiced against the abominable
system of apartheid do not hate Mr Botha. .They are ‘simply saying that it
is unnoble, unethical, evil to exploit a fellow human being just because he
happens to be of different skin color. “South Africa's solution to its cur-
rent impasse lies not in President Botha meeting leaders. of the Frontline
States and other Western leaders. These. are most unfortunately tactics
aimed at buying more time to prepare himself and plan more brutal attacks
on.the defenselss black people in the region. ‘The voices ef reason have
advised President Botha to release. Mr Nelson Mandela and the rest of the
political detainees, unban the ANC, declare an amnesty ‘to all, and allow
most of the political exiles to get back to their homelands. so that together .
the people of South Africa can open up channels for dialogue and work out

41



WECTU MEMBERS COMPLAIN ABOUT SCHOOL SITUATION

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 2 Aug 86 p 10

- [Text]
CAPE TOWN. — A
“desperate crisis” existed
in education in the West-

ern Cape with armed se- !

curity forces occupying
schools, lessons enforced
at gunpoint and teachers
and pupils in constant
fear of arrest and deten-
tion, the Cape Town Su-
preme Court was told yes-
terday.

Mr Yusuf Gabru, presi-
dent of the Western Cape
Teachers’ Union (WEC-
TU), one of the appli-
cants for an order inyali-
dating certain emergency
regulations and orders
made by Brigadier CA
Swart, Western Cape
Divisional Commissioner
of Police, made these
claims in an affidavit.

Most of the orders chal-
lenged in the application
have been withdrawn by
Brigadier Swart. .

‘They included the ban”

on 119 organisations, in-
cluding the United
Democratic Front and
WECTU, holding meet-
ings in the Western Cape.

During a brief hearing
yesterday morning, Mr
Acting Justice King was

/9317
CSO: 3400/403

told that the parties had
agreed to postpone the
matter to a date to be de-
cided. *

The applicants are the |

: UDF (Western Cape re-.

gion), UDF secretary:Mr—
‘Trevor Manuel, WECTU.
and Mr Gabru.

The respondents are
President PW Botha,
Brigadier, Swart, _ the
Commissioner of Police,
General Johan Coetzee,
and the Minister of Law ;
and Order, Mr Lous le
Grange. - . 1

‘The ‘applicants sought
an order declaring:

Regulations 7 and 11 of
the emergency regulation
invalid — orders made by”
Brig Swart in’ Govern-.
ment : Gazette — 10 309
(June 21), 10°311 (June
25), 10 338 (July 1) and
10 339 (July 2) invalid —
that Brig Swart is not en-
titled to make orders ‘in
terms of the Public Safety
Act and that the UDF
and WECTU. are entitled
to hold meetings. ‘

They are also’ seeking
an order restraining the*
police» from rendering:
Jawful UDF and WECTU:
meetings inaccessible .to-
people entitled to attend,
interfering with meetings:
and* prosecuting people

83

SOUTH “AFRICA

attending.

Mr Gabru said WEC-

TU needed to meet urg-
vently to discuss how to

operate lawfully in the

emergency and various
urgent problems.
WECTU was‘a teacher
, Organisation . concerned
| with“all matters pertain-
ing to education” and
problems relating to pu-
pils, teachers and parents:
pdb. Bonteheuwel
| schools were occupied by
Security forces daily.
3 “Teachers -were —ex-
| pected.to teach with arm-
, ed, security forces in at-
| tendance all the time.
"School * - attendance
and lessons-are being en-
‘forced “at gunpoint and
teachers aré expected to.
|-tedch at gunpoint.
“ “Considerable fear and
unhappiness about the
situation exists among

WECTU members.” +
--Many teacheis.and pu-
pils lived in constant fear
Of arrest and detention.

* Many pupils given per-
mission by school princi:
pals to’ leave school
grounds had: been ar-
rested in the streets “Sim-
ply because they were on
the streets and not at
school”, — Sapa.


CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

BRIEFS

CAR, PRC MEDICAL AGREEMENT--The protocol on medical cooperation between the
PRC and the CAR has been renewed for a period of 10 years. The protocol
was signed for the PRC by (Liu Ziyang), charge d'affaires ad interim of the
PRC Embassy in Bangui, and for the CAR Government by Guy Darlan, minister of
planning, statistics, and international cooperation. Under the convention,
PRC medical experts will be assigned to the Bangui hospital and to the
(Leroux) Camp Health Center. Chinese medical doctors are expected in our
country tomorrow. [Text] [Bangui Domestic Service in French 1800 GMT

30 Jul 86] /8309

CSO: 3400/407



Briefs
FRG Group Donation

NAMIBIA

Government Asks Change in Legal Status
(SAPA, 15 Aug 86) weeseeenvece

TANZANIA

TOGO

ZAIRE

ZAMBIA

Sugarcane Cutters Riot Over Wages, 3 Killed
(PANA, 29 Jul 86) ccvscecccsevcvceccccsscevcscsccescsessssseeee

Briefs
Soviet Loan

Briefs
Clemency in 'Leaflet' Case

FAZ Chief, New Belgian Military Official Hold Talks
(AZAP, 30 Jul 86) ccccecscccccccccccccececscvcccccsesseseaeeres

Briefs
France Donates Radio Transmitters

UNITA 'Terrorist', Seven Villagers Arrested
(DAKAR PANA, 17 Aug 86) cccccccceccccceccceccrscesonceccerecess

Consequences of RSA Trade Restrictions Examined
(BBC World Service, 15 Aug 86) ..ccecccccccccccccecececoesseees

Commentary Urges Botha To Hear ‘Voices of Reason'
(Lusaka Domestic Service, 14 Aug 86). ...+-

Briefs
Claim to Disputed Land Dropped
Army Leader Affirms Strength
Kaunda Defends Teaching Socialism

ZIMBABWE

Mugabe Announces Net Growth in Agriculture
(Harare Domestic Service, 31 Jul 86). veccosseccccescerccseccees

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ZAMBIA

UNITA 'TERRORIST', SEVEN VILLAGERS. ARRESTED
MB171030 DAKAR PANA in English 1022 GMT 17 Aug 86

[Text] Lusaka, 17 Aug (ZANA/PANA)--Zambian security forces have arrested a
UNITA terrorist in the Zambezi District in the northwestern Zambia.

The TIMES OF ZAMBIA yesterday quoted official sources in the provincial capital
of northwestern Zambia, Solwezi, said the UNITA terrorist was wearing a
military uniform and had an automatic military assault rifle. [sentence as
received] .

Seven Zambian villagers in the district have also been ‘picked up for collabor-
ating with the rebel movement.

The villagers according to.officials quoted ‘by. the TIMES ‘were found with UNITA
membership cards when the security forces searched them. .

The paper quoted ‘sources ‘as ‘saying that the. seven villagers had been seen
crossing the ‘border into Angola fréquently until the security forces pounced
on them.

According to reports reaching Lusaka from the Northwestern Zambian town of
Zambezi, more villagers were likely to be rounded up.

Earlier this year, UNITA leaders, Jonas Savimbi,. had threatened to attack
Zambia if the ‘government ‘continues its alleged support for the LUanda govern-
ment.

Zambia's President Kenneth Kaunda dismissed Savimbi’s claims. as coming from
the master's voice ‘South Africa, and -denied having any military coopera-
tion with Angola.

More ‘than six Zambians have died in the landmine explosions in the same’
area--which the Zambian Government claims were planted by UNITA insurgents.

UNITA had also kidnaped some Zambians to Angola where they.are held captive
in the areas controlled’by the rebels in the eastern and southeastern Angola.

/6662
cso:  3400/416

38



Mswati, who recently promised to support Swaziland's claims for the unifica-
tion of Kangwane into Swaziland. The chief said his Inyatsi Maswati Movement
would also ‘continue to fight for reunification. Last weekend, it was reported
that Mr Zablon Kunene, a member of Chief Minister Mabuza's Inyandza Movement
and a member of the Kangwane administration, was shot down as he watched tele-
vision at home with his wife. She managed to escape and said later that four
men!:were infolved in the attack. Swaziland's claim to Kangwane, to the north,
and Ingwavuma, to the south, are based on a claim that borders in the area
were drawn incorrectly in the early 1900s. The kingdom has persisted in the
claims since 1921, when the late King Sobhuza, Mswati's father, took the throne
and, to many Swazis, is is a burning issue, involving deeply patriotic feelings.
However, the South African Government claims most Kangwane residents are not in
ea incorporation. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 4 Aug 86
p5 9274

VENDA ONE~PARTY RULE 'NO SURPRISE'-~Thohoyandou--The fact that Venda is to be-
come a one-party state has not come as a surprise in opposition circles in
Thohoyandou, . The Venda Independent People's Party (Vipp), which has
militantly opposed what it calls "strong-arm rule" by President Patrick
Mpephu in recent years, seems likely to continue its political activities,
despite the prospect of being outlawed. A statement issued this week by the
Venda Government said a one-party system would be more suitable for the
territory's constitutional situation, However, VIP organisers claim President
Mpephu does not have the support of the majority of Venda's people, despite
his Venda National Party's 1984 election victory. "There was widespread intim-
idation and the result was rigged," a spokesman alleged, The Vipp took 31 of
the Assembly's 42 elected seats in 1978, shortly before the territory's "inde-
pendence", However, many winning Vipp candidates, as well as party supporters,
were arrested and jailed, ‘Twenty-eight chiefs and 15 appointed members as-
sured control for President Mpephu. The 1984 election saw a complete rever-
sal, when the ruling VNP took all but four elected seats to gain an over-
whelming majority, [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 86 p 8]
19274

COST OF RENT BOYCOTTS--Rent boycotts in 38 Black townships are costing

the government R30 million a month, according to the Community Research
Group (CRG) report released yesterday. At least 300 000 families nation-
wide are refusing to pay rent to protest against soldiers in the neighbour-
hoods, demand better municipal services and as a strike at apartheid.

Some of the boycotts have been going on for two years, and evictions,
usually by municipal police guarded by security forces, are on the increase.
Rents are the sole source of income for the Black town councils in the
townships. Some rent boycotts are sparked by complaints that the coun-
ceils are corrupt or are cooperating with the Government. Many council
members and local police have resigned under pressure or been killed in
the past two years of violence. The Urban Council's Association reported
last month that 32 community councils and three town councils have
collapsed because of the financial loss from rent boycotts. Although the
CRG called the boycotts, "The most organised form of sustained opposition
to.apartheid," if its figures held up for a year, the Government's loss
would be only R360 million. That is about one percent of the Government's
projected 1986 revenues of R33,7 billion. Four major Black urban areas
with a population of over 1,5 million are affected by boycotts, the report
said, naming East London and Port Elizabeth, Soweto and the Vaal townships
about 50 km south of Johannesburg.--Sapa-AP [Text] [Johannesburg THE
CITIZEN in English 15 Aug 86 p 8] /9317

69



He submitted that this went well beyond the question of the state of emergency
and the powers of the state president and said it constituted "such oppressive
interference with the rights of the public that it can have no justification
in the minds of right-thinking men."

Mr Kentridge said he challenged only one part of Regulation 10 which prohibits
not only the making or dissemination of a subversive statement, but its posses-
sion.

Mr Kentridge said all newspapers possessed libraries and archives which
contained records and old copies of newspapers which no doubt contained state-
ments by, for example, trade unions calling for strikes or boycotts, which would
now be regarded as subversive but which were made legally at the time.

"Are newspapers now supposed to strip their libraries, and burn all their
records?" he said.

He again referred to Regulation 11 which allows for the seizure of any newspaper
if the minister of law and order, or any commissioned officer, were of the
opinion that it contained a subversive statement.

Mr Kentridge said this regulation was "riddled with vice" and could lead to the
complete closure of any newspaper which stood to lose hundreds of thousands
of rands "if not millions" including the loss of advertising revenue.

Mr Kentridge also argued that the Lechesa Tsenoli judgment which was handed down
in the Durban Supreme Court on Monday was correct and binding on the court.

The hearing was adjourned until Monday, August 18.

/8309
cso: 3400/409

78



30017

_ JPRS-SSA-86-091
9 SEPTEMBER 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

DTIC QUALITY EREPEOTEN 9

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

$7) 10608661

~ REPRODUCED BY
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL TECHNICAL,
INFORMATION SERVICE a ~
ate
104

SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161
Ae
Age

\
~
4



IVORY COAST

Government Pledges To Combat Fraud
CERATERNITE MATIN, 31 Jul 86) ...ecccsccccccecccsccercceeeceecs

Briefs
International Cocoa Accord

LESOTHO

Briefs 5
District Military Officers Appointed

LIBERIA

Former Vice President on Reconciliation Offer
(Radio ELWA, 29 Jul 86) ..iccsccccccccccccecesccteceesscceseves

Further Reportage on School Difficulties
(AFP, 30 Jul 86; Radio ELWA, 31 Jul, 5 Aug 86) .ccccuvceccecces

Suspensions for Political Activities
Students Continue Boycott
Ministry Given’ 'Grace Period!

Briefs
New Rice Policy

MALAWI

Minister Calls for Cooperation Programs
(RANA, 13 Aug 86) .cscccccscccvctccsccccccceecestesecsecccccte

MALI

Briefs
Chinese Medical Team Welcomed

MOZAMBIQUE

- Missionary Testifies to Frelimo Atrocities
(THE CITIZEN, 8 Aug 86) weiceaedcicccccccsensteveeseneesseesees

Frelimo Suspected of Planting Landmines’ on Malawian Soil
(Tony Stirling; THE CITIZEN, 14 Aug 86) ..cccececceccvccececees

International Community Aid for Bandit, Famine Victims Detailed
(NOTICIAS, 24 Jul 86): ccciccccccrecccvccecccecccevenscdecvaseve

Beira Port Rehabilitation Projects Detailed
(NOTICIAS, 29 Jul 86) ..

-b-

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Displaced Persons Resettled in Mossurize

Nearly 200 Mozambican citizens who had been :displaced ‘to the Republic of
Zimbabwe are being resettled in the district of ‘Mossurize; in Manica Province.

According to.the Department'to Prevent and Combat Natural Disasters, in a note
received at AIM yesterday, these persons need _urgent assistance in the form
of food products and medicines.

DPCCN also reports that many people in the northern part of Tete Province have
been displaced to Zambia, and their situation is not known, owing to the
communications problems.

The citizens have been displaced.to neighboring countries as-a result of the
destabilizing and terrorist activities of the armed bandits and, stemming
from this, the lack of food products.

2909
cso: 3442/282

26



SOUTH AFRICA

CAPE TOWN EDUCATOR ON 'ABHORRENT' TRIAL POLICIES
MB151236 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1159 GMT 15 Aug 86

[Text] Cape Town, Aug 15, SAPA~-The direct interference with the freedom of
the individual had resulted. in the detention of 13 UCT [University of Cape
Town] students since the state. of emergency was declared, Dr Stuart Saunders,
said today. Addressing a university assembly in the Jameson hall, Dr Saunders
said other students were in hding because they feared detention. Legisla—
tion made it possible for detention to rest solely on.the view of a member of
the police force or army--without any reason being given, with no real effec-
tual legal redress.

"The whole system of detention without trial makes it possible for staff and
students to be intimidated and indeed to:be detained for ‘the opinions they
form in the course of their legitimate education objectives," Dr Saunders
said. "How is it possible to hold a critical: discussion and to undertake
careful analysis if it is unclear what subversive means in terms of law?
What sort of saféty does a scholar have if there are widespread powers of
search and confiscation of private documents and confidential records without
warrant?"

Dr Saunders said the university will. continue to do all in its power to se-
cure the rebease of detained. students and staff. It will also do all it
can to enguré they have access to study-material and.to.write examinations
where appropriate during detention. Thé university rejected’as "abhorrent"
the concept of detention without trial. He quoted from an affidavit filed
in the supreme court, Capte Town stating..."In Bonteheuwel schools are daily
occupied by security forces during school‘hours and.teachers are expected to
teach with security forces armed with.rifles.in addendance all the time..."
"What is the logic behind trying to solve the education problems of this
country through such means?" Dr Saunders ‘asked.

Dr Saunders said a.lack of freedom of information and.freedom of speech, as
well as censorship of the news and restrictions on access to and publica-
tion of information, had prevented the university. from fulfilling its mis-
sion. "It is possible that if the dreadful events, which we saw happening
at Crossroads, had occurred today, we might well know very little about them.
"If schools or another university or a teachers training college are dis-
rupted or closed down, we might well not know," he said.

85



SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY SAYS WEST, AFRICAN LEADERS SHOULD TALK TO BOTHA

§MB180730 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 18 Aug 86
[Station commentary: "The West and Southern Africa"]

[Text] The statement by President P.W. Botha that the West will have to consult
with South Africa if it wants to assist with the development of the region and
keep it out of Marxist hands, is as irrefutable as it is pertinent.

The economic interdependence of the countries of the southern African region
ig such that there can be no question of general development and upliftment
in the region without South Africa playing a major role.

This fact was one of the main topics for discussion at last year's IMF and
World Bank meetings in South Korea. Virtually no statement was issued or speech
made at this meeting that did not refer to the need to develop sub-Saharan
Africa. There was widespread recognition of the fact that the sub-Saharan
economic region simply could not be successfully developed without the full and
active participation of South Africa.

South Africa is the economic hub of the region. A British economic study of
the region showed that if South Africa's neighbors were to break all trading and
transport ties with South Africa, it would cost them an estimated 2,000 million

rand a year.

It is in this context that President Botha described the West's offers of a few
hundred million rand in aid to southern Africa as chickenfeed. The point is that
the southern African region is in dire need of development, and South Africa
plays, and is prepared to continue playing, a vital role in this development.

The Western nations can also play a part, mainly through economic investment.

As far as keeping southern Africa out of Marxist hands is concerned, South Africa,
as the most staunchly anticommunist state in the region, surely cannot be left
out of any plan or discussion.

These are the matters President Botha is prepared to discuss with Western and
southern African leaders. It is an offer they can hardly refuse if they have
the real interests of the region at heart.

/8309
cso: 3400/409

80



police station. These shall be registered, labeled and stored properly
and the officer-in-charge shall be held liable for any loss or damage.

The Executive instrument also makes provision for the arrest without
warrant by a police officer, any person suspected of manufacturing,
possession or carrying any arms or ammunition.--GNA [Text] [Accra GHANATAN
TIMES in English 6 Aug 86 pp 1, 3] /9317

SWISS GRANT UTILIZATION--A two-member delegation from the Swiss Ministry of
External Economic Development Affairs has arrived in the country for talks
with the government. The delegation, which is led by (Miss Charlotte Feller),
includes (Mr Christian Hurburly). (Miss Feller) told newsmen at the Kotoka
International Airport that the talks would be on how to utilize a Swiss grant
of 10 million Swiss francs to Ghana under the economic recovery program. The
grant, which is for 1987, is to increase production of goods and services.
(Miss Feller) recalled an earlier Swiss Government grant of 12.7 million
francs in 1984 to purchase spare parts for the state transport corporation.
Switzerland also gave Ghana a further grant of 20 million Swiss francs for
the rehabilitation of the textiles and pharmaceutical industries as well as
the railways. Already 17.3 million Swiss francs of the grant has been dis-
bursed under 1985-86 financial year. (Miss. Feller) explained that the grant
is tied to purchases of Swiss goods and services and that the government
could use it in any priority sector either for the purchase of goods locally
or from overseas. [Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English 0700 GMT

14 Aug 86 AB] | -/6662
csO: 3400/423



Instead, Botha promised to negotiate with his approved [words indistinct]
created by his regime to further his police. Posturing like a pathetic
dictator in the mold of his predecessor and mentor, Hitler, whose fascist
rule was brought to an end 41 years ago, the apartheid president stood through~
out the congress pretending that he can withstand and defeat all the forces
at home and abroad that are.engaged in the struggle to end his system of
white minority (?rule).. At a time when the whole world is. demanding the
uplifting of the draconian state of emergency and the removal of the mur-
derous troops and police in black residential areas, racist ‘leaders at the
federal congress dismissed those popular demands and vowed to intensify re-
pression. The racists promised our people more brutal repression, boasting
of the might of the murderous apartheid armed forces and polices. .

The outcome of the apartheid congress was a slap in the face of Pretoria's
self-proclaimed wartime allies for Botha and his henchmen flung an insult
in their faces, telling them in no uncertain ‘terms that they have no need
for their advise. Instead, Botha in his opening address accused the forces
internationally who are opposed to his crimes, saying they are guilty of
trying to [words indistinct]. : ; ‘

Those wha have tied themselves to the policy of so-called constructive engage-
ment are now [words indistinct], which has encouraged the obduracy and arro-
gance of the apartheid regime. Botha insulted his allies precisely because
he knows that their criticism of his. policies is like the barking of a tooth-
less bulldog. He knows that even after this arrogant speech in (?Durban)
they will still find ways of comforting him and protect him from punitive
measures internationally.. The racist delegates behaved the way they did

dn Durban because they know that even .at this hour those who have openly
declared their greed for the minerals coming from South Africa will continue

supporting them.

The apartheid ringleaders at the Durban congress reaffirmed what we have said
time and again: that apartheid cannot be reformed; it must be.destroyed. The
message they had for. the oppressed mjority was that their slavery will con-
tinue. Botha even’said it clearly that as long as-he is in power there will
be no repealing of all the hated laws which are the pillars of the genocidal
apartheid system. To. us, Botha was saying everyone who wants the ‘repealing
of all these laws must first unseat him from power. [sentence indistinct]

Constitutional minister, Chris. Heunis, cynically offered our people a right
. to vote for puppets who will assist in. advising Botha on. how to maintain his
rule. Our.people will continue to reject this’ national: statutory council
as they have vowed to already, We .are certain that no genuine patriot
will ever dirty his hands by participating in it. The position taken by
the racists in their congress showed us where they stand and what they ate
prepared to do. Their positions have made it clear to those who were still
hoping to work’ within any of Botha's structures to realize that the time has
come for them to quit. The time has also come for those who serve in the
apartheid triracial parliament and the ‘Bantustan's and claim to stand for a
democratic South Africa to abandon the.illusion that these bodies can do
anything to solve the problems of our country. [Words indistinct] racist

50



ISRAELI TRADE MISSION SHROUDED IN SECRECY

‘Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 8 Aug 86 p 8

[Text]

Seeking Change in Investments

TEL AVIV. — An Israeli
economic delegation left
for South Africa lastnight
for a week of talks aimed
_at convincing Pretoria to
allow South African: Jews
to invest in Israel, a Fi-

naricé - Ministry spokes--

man said. *

Israel has long tried to
convince .South African
Jews to emigrate to Is-
rael, and hopes they will
come here if they can get
their money out of South
Africa. .

The delegation will also
seek to renew agreements
on Israeli credit for im-
ports from South Africa,
the spokesman said. ©

“It had planned to make
its’ week-long: visit in

postponed :
iptate of emergency; [dex
clared in South Africa:.’
“In Pretoria it was .an-
nounced the visiting team
coming for bi-annual talks
with their South African
counterparts. in. the -.fi-
nance. and trade and jin-
dustry departments-: on
current commercial
lations between, the two!
countries. °

A spokesman for the:
Israeli Embassy in Pre-,
toria, who confirmed thé
visit, emphasised no:
“sanctions-busting” —_ tag:
should be attached to the:
talks. — Sapa-Reuter:

Financial Incentives for Jews

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 86 p 10

[Text]

SOUTH AFRICA

A HIGH-LEVEL Israeli
trade delegation is on a
secrecy-shrouded visit
to South Africa amid
reports that Pretoria. is
seeking economic life-
lines to sidestep West-
em anti-apartheid
sanctions.

Headed by the Direc-°

tor-General of Israel’s Fi-
nance Ministry, Mr Em-
manuel Sharon, the four-

man team has been meet-
ing South African officials
since arriving last week-
end. - | “te
Both governments have
maintained a news black-
out on the tour, post-

‘poned after the Governi-

ment imposed a nation-
wide State of Emergency
‘on June 12 to fight Black
unrest.

‘Western diplomats said
the ‘delegation was here

92

primarily to renew long-.
term trade agreements,
including South African
coal exports to Israel and
credit facilities for Israeli
imports, .

But the team arrived as
overseas pressure for,
sanctions intensified.

One newspaper recent- _
ly called the Jewish state a
potential lifeline for a
‘sanctions-hit South Africa
but Israeli officials ‘re-


SOUTH AFRICA

SUZMAN SAYS BOTHA TO BLAME FOR SANCTIONS
MB131736 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1735 GMT 13 Aug 86

[Excerpt] Describing his speech to the National Party Congress in Durban
last night, Mrs Suzman, MP for Houghton, said during her report back to
constituents: "There was not a word of encouragement to people fighting
sanctions in England and America.

"In other words, P.W. Botha has taken South Africa into the laager and when--
no longer if--punitive sanctions are imposed, the blame can be laid fairly and
squarely at his feet," she said.

The president had been transformed from a man with pretensions to being a
statesman into a party politician.

"What struck me, as I struggled to stay awake during that three hour marathon
speech by the state president last night, was the contrast between his speech
at the opening of parliament this year and what he said at the National Party
Congress in Durban last night," Mrs Suzman said at the Houghton primary school.

"We witnessed the transformation of a man with pretensions of being a statesman
into a plain and simple party politician, playing on all the emotions of his
supporters--patriotism, fear of a black majority government and communist threats."

The parliamentary speech was full of noble sentiments, promises of reforms and
concessions of past mistakes, she said.

Last night's speech, she said, was loaded with admonitions against interference
in South Africa's domestic affairs, and full of "totally irrelevent" comparisons
of black homelands with Lichtenstein and Luxembourg.

The hints of converting townships into city states were "a quite ridiculous
proposition considering that the inhabitants are economically integrated with
the adjacent metropolitan areas.

"For the rest we were given much rhetoric with no real substance."

"There was not a word about issues like the release of Mandela, not a word

about repealing or even amending the Separate Amenities Act or the Group Areas
Act inthe forthcoming session."

71



Mr Uatopa, a father of five, allegedly died from wounds sustained in an
assault in northern SWA/NAMIBIA on November 30 last year shortly after
arriving home on leave from Windhoek where he had worked.

The decision to overrule the SWA/NAMIBIAN attorney-generals decision to
prosecute the four soldiers for murder has been severely criticised by both
the SWA Bar Council and the South African Bar Council.

The Act was "a grave interference in the administration of justice and clearly
prevents justice from being done," the chairman of the SWA Bar Council,
Mr Bryan Olinn, said in a statement.

There was a similar outcry about three years ago when the South African
minister of justice, Mr Kobie Coetsee, issued a certificate to halt a civil

application for the release of detainees held at a camp near Mariental in
southern SWA/NAMIBIA.

The detainees have since.been freed.

7/8309
csO: 3400/407

32



ZIMBABWE

MUGABE ANNOUNCES NET GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE
¥MB311313 Harare Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 31 Jul 86

[Text] The prime minister, Comrade. Robert Mugabe, has said that the country's
agricultural production has increased at an average rate of 4.5 per cent since
independence, making Zimbabwe one of the few countries in sub-Saharan Africa
with a positive net growth rate. Opening the congress of the Commercial
Farmers' Union in Harare today, Comrade Mugabe said the increase is above the
potential growth rate of 3.6 per cent. This, he said, is a great achievement
considering the difficulties faced by producers. The volume of commercial
agricultural output has risen by 9.0 per cent since 1980. The volume of
commercial agriculture output also rose by 9 per cent since 1980.

The prime minister explained that in the 5-year national development plan,
investment in agriculture has been targeted to cost 998 million dollars. He
also disclosed that the amount is 13 per cent of the total anticipated invest-
ment in Zimbabwe. Comrade Mugabe pointed out that the EEC [European Economic
Community] imported 1,900 tons of prime Zimbabwean beef during the past 6 months.
He said the consignment was worth 13.2 million dollars.

Speaking on the same occasion, the minister of lands, agriculture, and rural
resettlement Comrade Moven Mahachi, said food security is a national responsi-
bility which must be borne by all sectors of the country's economy. Comrade
Mahachi added that the government attaches importance to increases in agricul-
tural production and the promotion of conservation through the adoption of
correct farming methods. He said when deciding the country's agricultural
policy, the government tries to involve all organizations which have interests
and are directly affected by decisions reaached in respect of the sector.

18309
cso: 3400/407

4h



SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK-WHITE UNITY AGAINST APARTHEID URGED

FA151525 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT
14 Aug 86

["Unattributed commentary": . "Bothas Reaffirmation of White Dictatorship in
Our Country")

[Text] Compatriots, last night the people of South Africa and the rest of
hunanity were treated to an arrogant reaffirmation ‘by the racist state
president, Pieter Willem Botha, that the apartheid system will continue
unchanged, Addressing the closing session of the federal congress of his
nationalist party, Botha told the world in no uncertain terms that his re-
gime is not in any way prepared to [words indistinct] with its apartheid
policy. At a time when every thinking person in our country and abroad is
saying apartheid must end now, the ruling clique [words indistinct] for what
is really is: a clique of die-hard racists, hide-bound reactionaries and
bloodthirsty fascist braggarts, who will. heed nobody [words indistinct].
Botha told the world that the hated group areas act, the population regis—
tration act and white domination will remain in force as long as he is still
in power. [Words indistinct] claiming to be a reformer and democrat,

he scorned the [words indistinct] right of all. South Africans to vote for
the government of their (?choice). He pledged to perpetuate the Bantustan
system and the Balkanization of our country and to continue the [words in-
distinct].

The racist ringleader even (?made ways of telling) even his puppets that all
what they can do is to advise him and not to. tell him.on how to continue
with his policies of white domination.and racial ‘discrimination. During
the party congress, Botha and his henchmen [words indistinct] their. reform-
ist march and came out.in the open as clearcut Afrikaners who believe in
the oppression and slavery in ‘the black ‘majority. The apartheid congress
shattered the hopes of those who were. still thinking that somthing will
come out of Botha's [word indistinct]. _He.dismissed the notion of genuine
negotiations with the popular representatives of our people, offering to
consider it if we accept conditions which we have already rejected and will
continue to reject.

49



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

ZIMBABWE, PRC TECHNICAL COOPERATION--Zimbabwe and the People's Republic of China
today signed a protocol on technical cooperation for the Chitungwiza garments
factory. The agreement was signed by the minister of state for community
development and women's affairs, Comrade Teurai Ropa Nhongo, and the Chinese
ambassador, Comrade (Zeng Jaweng). Under the agreement Chinese technical experts
will supervise and train Zimbabweans and expand and diversify the operations

of the Chitungwiza garment factory. Speaking at the ceremony, Comrade Teurai
Ropa Nhopa said the ministry planned to establish a garment factory in each
province in order to meet the planned production and marketing targets.

Comrade Teurai Ropa Hongo [as printed] said the garment factory at Chitungwiza
started operation in 1984 and since then it has been able to produce school
uniforms for supply to all the schools in the Chitungwiza area. She added that
the ministry has engaged a fulltime sales manager to promote sales of the
products from the factory. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT
29 Jul 86) /8309

CSO: 3400/407

45



“Then there are the land laws which limit 86 per cent of the population to
14 per cent of the land.

“And finally the Population Registration Act, which identifies each person to
a particular race group and the civil rights that specifies. Christian leaders
find this unacceptable to the Christian conscience," he said.

Archbishop Hutley said although it should be easy to get the Christian message
to the black people, they had still failed dismally, even though blacks were
"crying out" for their rights.

"To get the message of social conscience to whites is more difficult. They have
the resistance of privilege and power--there is no stronger resistance."

However, the problem’for the churches was to determine the extent of their
opposition to the system they considered unjust. He asked whether the churches
should continue practicing civil disobedience, or condone violence?

He said the church could not accept violence, even though it did accept violence
was inevitable. ‘ .

18309
cso: 3400/409

74



SOUTH AFRICA

FURTHER ON IMMIGRATION, EMIGRATION FIGURES
MB190928 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0920 GMT 19 ‘Aug 86

[Text] Pretoria, August 19, SAPA--The United Kingdom and ‘Australia are _
drawing the majority of South African emigrants, a central statistical ser-
vice survey released in Pretoria shows.

O£ the 1,075 people who left the country during June, 429 went to the UK,
and 281 to Australia. Only nine of these held Australian citizenship--
probably an indication of Australia’s generous immigration policy.

Some 390 of the 429 UK-bound ‘emigrants were UK citizens.

Other countries which proved to be popular with emigrants during June were
the U.S. (73 emigrants, of which 14 were U.S. citizens), Canada, (38, one
being a Canadian citizen), Zimbabwe .(69,.of which 49 were citizens), Holland
(42, of which 33 were Dutch citizens), France (11, 9 being citizens). Switzer-
land (11, of which only two held Swiss citizenship), and Mauritus (8, of
which half were citizens). :

Emigrants departed from South Africa at a decreased rate of 36 a day during
June, compared with 40 a day during April and 44 a day during May.

The total number of emigrants climbed to 7,189 ‘for the first six months of
this year however, compared to 5,006 for the same period last year.

But immigrants crashed to 3,647 from 11,259 during the same periods, result-
ing in a net loss of 3,542 South African inhabitants for the first half of
this year, compared to a gain of 6,253 people during the same period last
year.

The "chicken run" from January to June this year resulted in a "brain drain"
of 1,215 professional and technical workers.

This included 252 engineers, 51 doctors and dentists, 145 accountants, and
150 educationalists. Scholars and students totalled 1,621, bu5 4,190 of the
7,189 emigrants were economically inactive.

Government spokesmen could not explain the slight downswing in emigrants for
June, but’ suggested that the weak rand acted as a brake.

/6662

cso: 3400/412

84


ZAMBIA

CONSEQUENCES OF RSA TRADE RESTRICTIONS EXAMINED
MB151706 London BBC World Service in English 1515 GMT 15 Aug 86
[From the "Focus on Africa" program]

[Text] Zambian businessmen are busy assessing what ‘the damage might be from
South Africa's imposition of retaliatory measures against Zambia's forthright
demands for punitive international sanctions. South Africa has slapped a

25 percent surcharge on’ Zambian imports, and it is delaying exports going
through South Africa. Well, one Zambian businessman. who is publicly opposed
to sanctions is (Enoch Kavendele), chairman of Woodgate Holdings. In Lusaka,
Jim Fish asked him what effect the retaliatory measures were having.

[Begin recording] [(Kavendele)] .Well, Jim, those measures announced in
South Africa do affect Zambian businesses adversely. For now, they are mostly
of inconvenience nature, but they will start now getting out of hand, in the
sense that things will be extremely expensive in no time.

[Fish] What sort of things will be more expensive?

[(Kavendele)] Well, anything now that is imported through South Africa. We
have heard this morning that they will attract duty of 125 percent. This
has not been the case.in.the past, but as of now, I am‘told that nothing is
really moving until we pay the 125 percent ‘sales.tax and duty at Durban port.

[Fish] These, of course, are really the first. measures that South Africa
can take and it is taking. What other measures could South Africa go on to
implement. against Zambia, for example.

[ (Kavendele)] Well, we hope there are no more measures taken by the South
Africans, but the fear in the business community is that South Africa might
just cut off all importing to Zambia.from outside South Africa itself. It
may just say that okay, fine, you can still come and buy from South Africa
and use the railway lines, but anything. that is imported from outside South
Africa should not go. through South African ports. Then, that will cause a
lot of problems because, for all I know,.it is their ships that are sailing
in South African ports with Zambian. goods and if that were to happen, they
will hold on to those items or reroute them to Dar es Salaam at extra cost.

39



JPRS-SSA-86-091
9 SEPTEMBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

CoNTENTS

BOTSWANA

Minister on Cooperation Talks With Tanzania
(Gaborone Domestic Service, 13 Aug 86) secesscceseereceesceoees

BURKINA

Cabinet Creates Anti-Apartheid Fund
(Quagdougou Domestic Service, 6 Aug 86) cecccccvccncccccseceees

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Kolingba Makes New Army Appointments
(Bangui Domestic Service, 29 Jul 86) ..

Briefs
CAR, PRC Medical Agreement

GHANA

Agreement With Britain Reportedly To Improve Industry
(Accra Domestic Service, 13 Aug 86) sescccceccecvcssceeereseers

Briefs
Increased Livestock Production Urged
Civil Aviation Authority Legalized
Hydroelectric Dam on Volta
Ban on Arms
Swiss Grant Utilization

GUINEA-BISSAU

Briefs
Saudi Loan for Roads

OIIUAH



SOUTH AFRICA

TRANSKEI RESETTLEMENT AREA BECOMES MODEL TOWN

_ Johannesburg THE STAR in English 28 Jul 86 p 15

[Article by Frank Jeans]

{Text ]

Transkei might well have a les-
son for South’ African housing
developers in the reshaping of a
little place called: Ilinge which
began as a resettlement area 20
years ago. ‘

In creating a real town status
on a R6 million budget, the
Transkeians hit on the right for-
‘mat — a spread of work and
“prosperity over 200 small, local
builders, with contracts ranging
from six weeks and valued at
R3 600 to R6 600 for 14 weeks.

'.-The Development Bank of .

South Africa has put R4,8 mil-

lion into the Ilinge scheme ©

“which will eventually put 3000

tiew homes on to the market, °

which, along with the 1600 ex-
iSting units, will go a long way
‘in’ providing upgraded accom-
‘modation for the 12000 popula-

tion.
Man behind the labour-based -

building programme is Mr
James Croswell of Johannes-

19274

cso:

3400/356

burg-based civil engineering \.ture wealth of the building in-
: consultancy James Croswell and ‘ dustry hinges on the speed of its
‘Associates, He recently told a’ adaptability to the concept of
: University of Witwatersrand se- « Third’ World labour-based pro-
minar: “We are providing for “. grammes.

500 man-years of labour and i “Opting out with sophisticated
employing about 300 men at.*' machinery is easy but new types
peak periods-in a town where of project management pro-
only 400 men, or 33 percent of ;*. grammes must be evolved to en-
the official population, have for- :\.courage thé maximum number
mal employment.” ho ke ate ‘of workers.” .

r Croswell, who is als:
-chairman of the housing com--': con eriainly, Minge will be a
mittee of the South African. Gitte toy so far it has pet ”
Property Owners Associatio ‘gravel road, a few water pines,
i ,

. (Sapoa), believes the wide use of "Some pit latrines, unnamed

: labour based ind pete ac to treets, no electricity and no
“We are introducing unskilled lic phone. -
black labour to free market e1 t's a commendable task by

the builders when it is remem-
‘ered that the average house-
! hold income is R78 a month
(ranging from R15 to R300).

teams employ

struction lies in low-cost hous- ‘about 70 percent of the houses
ing for the masses and the fu-’"- have only one or two rooms.

62



SOUTH AFRICA

NAFCOC PRESIDENT CALLS FOR MANDELA'S RELEASE
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 6 Aug 86 p 3 ,

[Article by Michael Tissong]

[Text]
‘The Government does not benefit by keeping African Nation- _“ them'to live near work.
al Congress leader Nelson Mandela in ‘ail ‘the president of —_; “It is.lack of movement on be-
the National African Federated Chamber of Commerce (Naf-" shalf of the!Government ‘that is
coc), Dr Sam Motsuenyane, said yesterday. ..*::: ‘  :going’ to’maké* ‘Nafeoe be become

smore and more
FceThe eter is

Dr Motsuenyane told a meeting of the’ Public Relations Institute
of South Africa in Johannesburg that, in-the interests of national
stability and justice, Mandela should be released: °° -

“The ‘Government says it is willing to release him if he renoitnces =
violence. There should be no conditions. placed.on his release. He!
has served his term and, if he comes out, there are.laws which apply. ‘
to everyone.

“There is no need for the Government to insist that ‘he renoundes :

violence. We would like to see him released unconditionally.” i

Dr Motsuenyane said black businessmen wanted stability in. the“
country so that the free enterprise system could take root in’ the =
townships. *

“At a conference we had, we asked the Government to lift the : :
state of emergency because we did not see anything good in it.The
Government cannot achieve stability by putting more pressure on:
black people and denying them the right to express* legitimate -
Brievances.  < a)

‘Reforms inadequate’ a

. “We also appeal to the: Government to-remove all ‘discriminatory :
legislation such as the Black Urban Areas Act, the'Group Areas Act,
the Population Registration Act and other Jaws which make: the
lives of black people miserable. ° :

“Bad laws cannot be reformed — they m must be serapped. The re:
forms the Government is en,
because they are inadequatey.7-4." :

“Social and residential restrictions must be lifted’ It is ridiculous
opening up the central business district to blacks then refusing to let

ire going up‘in’ ‘homes sand can-
remain aloof from ‘what is
happening around us.”
Dr’: Motsuenyane algo urged
the private. sector. to become
more involved in promoting free
terprise among blacks by con-
ribu ing’'to “efforts in . which
ENafcoc was involved.

/12828
CSO: 3400/386

48



Economic Reasons

"as far as technology and capacity are concerned, we could get along without
South African chrome ore. However our stockholders demand an economic return,
so we simply have to go on importing from South Africa."

Swede Chrome is owned by a consortium that includes SKF, Investor, Provi-
dentia, JCC, Axel Johnson Oremetals and the city of Malmo, among others,

Alfa Laval, Atlas Copco and SKF have each applied for and received export
licenses for three subsidiaries. ‘These three companies are also the biggest
exporters to South Africa, as all three have factories there.

Export LIcense Recipients

Alby Klorat AN, Alfa Laval Agri Intl AB, Alfa Laval Separation AB, Alfa Laval
Thermal AB, Arboga Maskiner AB, Arenco Match Machinery AB, Asea AB, Associ-
ated Swedish Steels, Atlas Copco Energy AB, Atlas Copco MCT AB, Atlas Copco
Tools AB, Avesta AB, Benzlers AB, Berol Kemi AB, Overseas Div. Besam AB,

Bofors Wear Parts AB, Carl Munters AB, Carl Soderquist Trading AB, Esab
International AB, Flygt AB, Grindex AB, Granges Metalverken, Gunnebo AB,
Gotaverken Energy Systems AB, Holmens Bruk AB, Hallde Maskiner AB, Hoganas AB,
Ifo Electric AB, Industriglas HB, Isaberg AB, KabiVitrum AB, Kamyr AB,

Kanthal Electroheat AB, Kardbeslag AB, KemaNord Blekkemi AB, Kenobel AB,
Kihlstroms Manometerfabrik AB, LIC, Lycab Munksjo AB, Div Spec Papers,
Mustadfors Bruks AB, Maleras Glasbruk AB, Nibbler Fabriks AB, Nordbakels,
Norsk Hydro Plast AB, Nyge/Haglunds AB, Oppboga AB, Pharmacia Intl AB, Primus~
Sievert AB, Punpex AB, Rader International AB, Saab-Scania, Sandvik AB,
Scandiafelt AB, Secoroc AB, Siemens—Elema AB, SKF Mekanprodukter AB, SKF
Norden, SKF Steel Hellefors AB, Slip Naxos AB, Square AB, Stafsjo Bruk AB,
Stig Axelsson AB, Sunds Defibrator AB, Sundsvalls Verkstader AB, Svenska
Bandfabrikens Fors AB, Svenska Dentorama AB, Trelleborg AB, Unifos Kemi AB,
Volvo BM AB, Wirsbo Bruk AB, Alo-Maskiner AB.

Import License Recipients

Hernia National AB, Lilla Naas Interior AB, Scandiamant AB, Swede Chrome AB.

6578
cso: 3650/290

97



FRELIMO SUSPECTED OF PLANTING LANDMINES ON MALAWIAN SOIL

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 14 Aug 86 p 15

-{Article by Tony Stirling]

[Text]

THE war - between
President’ Samora Ma-
chel’s Frelimo army
and. thé Mozambican
resistance movement,
Renamo, ‘has _ spilled
over into Malawian
tertitory for the first
time with the planting
of landrnines on Mal-

awian soil. ,
Frelimio troops’ are the
suspected culprits,

according to Malawian
sources, because the tar-
get of the mines appeared.
to be vehicles crossing the
border from Mozambique
to get supplies from Mal-
awian trading posts close
to the border.

According . to the!
sources, in an incident
late last month two White
Portuguese formerly from
Mozambique had * their
truck blown up by a land-"
mine inside Malawi terri-

tory.

The one, Mr J Quintino
was killed instantly, and
the other,’ Mr - Antonio
Pereira, who had both
legs smashed in the blast,
was flown to South Africa
for -treatment at - the
Morningside ‘ Clinic, “in
Sandton.

22

The incident occurred
on July 19 near the Mal-

awian town of Dedza,”

which borders on the re-
mote but troubled north-
ern region of Mozambi-

“que near Tete:

It.comes in the wake of
accusations ‘by President
Machel that Malawi has

been permitting Renamo-

to use its territory as a
staging post for attacks
into Mozambique.

After persistent denials
by Malawi, which came
under considerable press-
ure from the Frontline
States because of the alle-
gations,> *\ Mozambique
then accused Malawi of
allowing. the South Afri-
cans -to, use its border
areas. to give clandestine
support.to.Renamo.

Yesterday, the Depart-.

mept- pf Foreign Affairs
categorically denied that

the South African Gov-.

ernment: was: providing.
any assistance to Renamo
in any way, whether on
Matawi territory or els-
where.

Ina further recent inci-
dent near Dedza. a Black
employee of . another
Portuguese formerly liv-
ing in Mozambique, Mr¥V.

MOZAMBIQUE


MALAWI

MINISTER CALLS FOR COOPERATION PROGRAMS
MB131009 Dakar PANA in English 0854 GMT 13 Aug 86

[Text] Lilongwe, 13 Aug (MAN/PANA)--Delegates to the Malawi/Mozambique
permanent joint commission of cooperation meeting, which opened in Lilongwe
yesterday, have been asked to look into proposed programmes of cooperation
which could be practically implemented. Transport and communications minister,
Edward Bwanali, leading a Malawi delegation, jointly made the call at the
opening of the meeting yesterday with Mozambican delegation leader,

Gen Marino Matsinha, who is leader of Niassa Province and member of the
Politburo of the Frelimo Party. Bwanali suggested that the commission should
work out bilateral programmes of cooperation that would encourage and promote
socioeconomic development to benefit the people of the two countries.

He said: If we are to achieve and realise the intended goals of strengthening
our cooperation to further raise the standard of living of our peoples, it is
necessary that we should look into the proposed programmes of cooperation
thoroughly before they are recommended for the next stage.

The minister asked the commission to identify problems and find ways of
addressing them either bilaterally or through the help of sub-regional or
international organisations.

Matsihna remarked that the commission had achieved tangible results in trade,
culture, customs, veterinary sciences and banking. He said he was looking
forward to increased contacts in other fields. He said the people of Mozambique
and Malawi shared the same traditional culture, history and very close relation—-
ship at their borders. He, therefore, called for the promotion of their common
ideals for the advancement of their two countries. He said the commission should
guarantee the fundamental desire of the two countries to co-exist and produce

the best results to the mutual benefit of their peoples.

/8309
cso: 3400/408

18



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

FRG GROUP DONATION-~The Office for Aid to Small Industrial Projects Consulta-
tion (GAPI) of the Federal Republic of Germany's Friedrich Ebert Foundation
made available various equipment worth a total of nearly 60,000 German marks
(approximately 1,100 contos) to the General Union of Agricultural-Livestock
Cooperatives of Maputo yesterday, to be used to install a hydraulic backup
shop and the soap factory. The equipment was delivered by the director of
GAPI, engineer Wolfgang Stiebens, at a ceremony attended by the head of the
Genéral Union, Celina Cossa; the director of the Green Zones Office (GZV),
Luciano Sambana; the chief of the GZV department to aid cooperatives, Prospe-
rino Gallipoli; and other workers from the peasants' organization. Celina
Cossa expressed appreciation on behalf of the cooperative movement for the
contribution that this equipment will make to improve the production conditions
of the cooperatives, making it possible to better meet the basic needs of

the peasants, as in the case of soap. She also cited the hope that they would
maintain and use this equipment in the best possible way. Luciano Sambana
thanked GAPI for the willingness shown by this agency of the Friedrich Ebert
Foundation to finance these small peasant projects which, he noted, are
important steps in the overall effort being made to change the economic and
social situation in our country's rural areas.. Wolfgang Stiebens, in turn,
remarked that, although these are the first small industry projects of the
General Union financed by GAPI, the guarantees and good.’ results shown by
this peasants' organization from the aid rendered it are already well known.
He also voiced the hope that other small industrial projects the financing
for which has been requested by the General Union as well’ may soon be provided
for. Prominent among the materials now delivered is a complete set of equip-
ment for a hydraulic shop, which is viewed by the heads of General Union as

a key factor making it possible to ensure greater use of the pump and engine
equipment, electric pumps, windmills, and other irrigation and drainage equip-
ment; thereby affording opportunities for expanding the irrigated growing areas
and achieving greater yields. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 24 Jul 86
p 1) 2909

CSO: 3442/282

30



CISKEI MINISTER DISCUSSES HOMELAND'S INDUSTRIAL GROWTH

SOUTH AFRICA

East London DAILY DISPATCH (Supplement) in English 30 Jul 86 p 9

[Article by Owen Vanqa]

[Text]

Unprecedented industrial growth is taking place
in Ciskel, according to the Minister of Finance and
Economic Development, Chief M. E. P. Malefane.

He attributes this expansion mainly to the tax
reforms introduced last year which is said to have
made the independent state Africa's first tax ha-
wen. : :

The contention of industrial growth is further
supported by figures released by the managing
director of the Ciskei Peoples Development
Bank, Mr Cecil Vanda. ‘

He says that 30 new companies signed indus-
trial agreements with the development bank to
the value of R229.4 million during the 1985-86 fi-
nancial year. These agreements will facilitate the
provision of a further 4 900 employment opportu-
nities for Ciskeians in the industrial sector.

This brings the total of employment opportu-
nities in the industrial sector in Ciskei to 26 054.

In May this year, Chief Malefane told, the Nat-
ional Assembly in his budget speech that the ad-
verse. effects of the economic recession and slow-
down in industrial expansion experienced
generally in Southern Africa had largely been
countered in Ciskei and had been held at bay by
the new tax reforms and other economic conces-
sions relating to deregulation, privatisation and
the promotion of the free enterprise philosophy
in Ciskei.

He said through the country's commitment to a
system of free enterprise. it had within four years
attained a far more viable economy than many of
the so called pre-industrial African countries
where there was famine. poor diet and poverty.

He told the Assembly that already industrial-
ists had invested an amount of'some R167 million
in Dimbaza. providing employment for about
14.000, An amount of R66 million had been in-
vested in 25 factories operating at Fort Jackson
employing about 6 000, and a further R163. million
had been invested in 15 factories at Alice. Keis-
kammahoek. Mdantsane. Sada. Wesley and
Zwelitsha and employed about 6 000.

” gregate... x.

Once other © rr ractually committed factories
are established. there will be a total of 163 facto-
ries employing about 40 000. which represents an
industrial investment of some R500 million in ag-

He’ said:'the. rapid expansion taking place
strained the limited capital available to finance
developmental demands and the concomitant ob-

. ligation to service that development. :

He said ‘the Presidential Executive Council
was considering the possibility of establishing a
seperate department of industry. commerce and
tourism in order to be able to administer all the
important functions concerned with industrial
growth: Such a department would play a signifi-
cant role in the further development of Ciskei. At
present these functions fall under his depart-
ment.

Mr Vanda says several overseas industrial pro-
jects in Ciskei came from France. the USA. Is-
rael, Hong Kong. Taiwan and Argentina.

He says that an additional R14.8 million invest-
ment in industry in Ciskei is involved in expan-
sions at 19 existing factories in Dimbaza and Fort
Jackson. ~

‘This year marks the introduction of 4 new con-
cept in industrial development in Ciskei. “Today.
with the large number number of factories opera-
tional in the industrial estates of the indepen-
dent state."a‘need has arisen for smaller indus-
tries to :serve the: needs of: the larger
manufacturing concerns.”said Mr Vanda.

He says many industrialists had taken advan-
tage of the People Bank's smaller factory flats
which vary in size from 250 to 450 square metres.
Fifteen factory flats. have already been com-
pleted in Fort Jackson and Dimbaza, while 12 are
still under construction and a further 16 are in

the planning stages.

54

In total, R110.2 million has been invested in in-
dustrial buildings in Ciskei.



The speech was aimed entirely at National Party supporters.

The lives of millions of blacks would be materially improved by important
reforms introduced during the past session of parliament.

"I refer to the abolition of influx control and the pass laws, the opening
of CBD's [central business districts] to all races, extension of freehold
rights, and restoration of citizenship to those blacks connected ethnically
with the TBVC [Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, Ciskei] countries who are
permanently resident in the republic."

Hardly any recognition of those meaningful changes had been given by black
leaders at home or by South Africa-watchers abroad.

There were two main reasons for this:

The timing (or mistiming) of the passing of these acts by parliament,
Mrs Suzman said.

"The debates took place in the midst of strong opposition to the introduction of
the two security bills--the Internal Security Amendment Bill and the Public
Safety Bill--and coincided with the re-introduction of the state of emergency."

“What with the massive spate of detentions and the reaction to the state of
emergency regulations, no-one was inclined to say a kind word to the government. "

The second reason was the "fierce tide of resistance surging through the town-
ships no longer permits the sort of positive reaction such as, for instance,
would have occurred five years ago to the repeal of the pass laws.

"Demands today, both here and abroad, go well beyond incremental change,"
Mrs Suzman said.

“Really dramatic moves towards negotiated power sharing are demanded, which is
why the release of Nelson Mandela has assumed such enormous proportions."

/8309
cso: 3400/409

72



MOZAMBIQUE

INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY AID FOR BANDIT, FAMINE VicTIMs DETAILED

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 24 Jul 86 p 8 ’

[Text] The distribution of products donated by the international community
to mitigate the effects of natural disasters afid the armed bandits’ activity
is underway in various parts of our country.

A report from the Department to Prevent and Combat Natural Disasters (DPCCN)
sent to AIM indicates that, at present, the distribution is being made in
Maputo, Gaza, Tete, Inhambane, and Manica Provinces.

The same. agency's report for April and May noted that there were 1.5 million
persons victimized by the effects of armed banditry and natural disasters
throughout the country. :

A source. from DPCCN also said that the situation is still critical, particu-
larly in the central and northern provinces whére, as of last May, nearly
a million people were undergoing major food shortages.

The same source added that difficulties of various kinds prevented making any
numerical count for Zambezia and Sofala Provinces which, as of May, had been
the most critical in the entire country. «

In Manica Province, in the central part of the céuntry, DPCCN has been distri-
buting 2,000 tons of corn donated by PMA/Denmark., By last May, the number of
persons victimized totaled 228,000. °

An additional 335 tons of corn and rice donated by the "Thie II" CCM are
being distributed to the population of the districts of Govuro, Mabote,
Inhassouro, Massinga, Mambone, Vilanculo, Jangamo, Panda, Inharrime, and
Zavala, in Inhambane Province, where the population is still suffering the
serious effects of the drought.

A widespread shortage of clothing for men and children has been noted in
this province. According to DPCCN, the PMA/DPCCN. barge project has started
operating in Inhambane, and. four barges are now helping to unload goods from
large vessels anchored at sea, taking them to the coast. This project will
make it possible to carry goods by sea even to-areas in which there are no

ports.

24



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

RENT INCREASES FOR COLOREDS--Thousands of tenants in South Africa are facing
life on the streets. This follows the government's quiet scrapping of the

rent control board earlier this year and the reconstitution of them ‘for whites
only. Colored and Indian tenants now without any recourse face the possibility
of exhorbibant rent increases, some as high as 350 percent. According to reports
one woman's rent leapt from 96 rands a month to 340. A spokesman for the
Department of Local Housing and Works this week admitted that the government

has a problem on its hands and is taking steps to rectify it. The Durban’
Central Residents Association is challenging the dissolution of rent boards

and progressive Federal Party MP Peter Gastrow says he will raise ‘the matter

in parliament. Landlords have ended the rent hikes saying they need an equitable
return on investment and funds to improve their buildings. [Text] [Umtata
Capital Radio in English 0700 GMT 17 Aug 86] /8309

JEWISH GROUP CONDEMNS’ APARTHEID--Johannesburg, Aug 18 (SAPA)--The National
Executive of the South African Jewish Board.of Deputies has reaffirmed its
condemnation of apartheid. "The National Executive of the South ‘African Jewish
Board of Deputies, ‘which is the Yepresentative body of South African Jewry and

to which all major Jéwish organisations in South ‘Africa are affiliated, at its
quarterly meeting in Johannesburg yesterday reaffirmed its condemnation of
apartheid," a statement from Mr Aleck Goldberg, the executive director of the
board, said today. "This ‘action was taken in response to certain misleading
reports that recently appeared in the press. "The board's rejection of apartheid
was clearly and unequivocally expressed in the unanimous resolution that was
passed at the last national congress of the board." In accordance with its’ policy
of speaking out on humanitarian issues and matters affecting basic human rights,
the board appealed to members of the Jewish community to actively participate

in the process of improving race relations and the lot of underprivileged people.
“Furthermore the board once again urges that immediate steps be taken to dis-
mantle unjust and oppressive laws based upon racial discrimination." [Text]
[Johannesburg SAPA in English 1137 GMT 18 Aug 86] /8309

MOST FAVOR OPEN BEACHES--Whites in Port Elizabeth appear to favor mixed bathing.
A University of Port Elizabeth survey of a sample of the white electorate in the
city shows the majority of them are in favor of opening so-called whites-only
beaches to all races. Fifty-four point two percent approved of desegration,
with 40.7 percent opposed to it. A copy of the survey has been presented to the
city council's policy and resources committee. {Text] [Umtata Capital Radio

in English 0500 GMT 20 Aug 86] /8309

90



GHANA

AGREEMENT WITH BRITAIN REPORTEDLY TO IMPROVE INDUSTRY
AB131956 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 13-Aug 86

{Text ] Ghana. and Britain ‘today signed an agreement in Accra under which Brit-
ain“is to ‘give Chana a grant of 5. million pounds'-sterling for. the industrial
sector. “The money ‘will be:disbursed through the World Bank-supported program
for Ghana known as the Reconstruction Import Credit Program.. The grant is
Britain's pledge at a donors conference on Ghana in Paris last. year, and is
in addition to 14 million pounds for which an agreement was signed in Accra
earlier this year.

The secretary for finance and economic planning, Dr. Kwesi Botchwey, and the
British high commissioner to, Ghana, Mr Kelvin Burns, signed. the agreement.
Dr Botchwey said it is the government's determination to revive the indus-
trial sector and make it more responsive to Ghana's local raw material base.
It. is also the government's. intention to adjust prices such that the competi-
tiveness under these industrial establishments that have the potential will
be enhanced. The secretary ‘described the industrial sector as the hear of
the medium-term recovery program. Ghana is therefore gratified that Britain
is giving the grant at this time.

Dr Botchwey noted that the recent. political differences between Ghana and
Britain have not affected the schedule of implementing commitments. This
demonstrates the ‘confidence of the British Government in the economic re-
covery program.

On his part, Mr Burns. said the grant is Britain's contribution toward the
World Bank fund for Sub-Saharan Africa. This'’fund was set up to assist
nations which have embarked on exercises ‘to:revive their economies. Mr Burns
expressed the hope that the economic recovery program would achieve its ob-
jectives on time.

/6662
cso: 3400/423



t SOUTH AFRICA

CATHOLIC ARCHBISHOP SAYS CHURCHES FAILING

MB131238 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1232 GMT 13 Aug 86

[Text] Durban, Aug 13 (SAPA)--English-speaking churches had failed "miserably"
in communicating with their black and white congregations, Catholic Archbishop
Denis Hurley said in Durban today.

Addressing a gathering of. Durban Technikon students on the role of the church
in politics, Archbishop Hurley said that while the churches had largely failed
to convince ttost.whites that apartheid was morally wrong, they had also failed
to convince blacks of the strong stand the church had taken on the issue.

"it's not easy to communicate this from the pulpit."

Christianity was based on three structures, he said, faith, worship, and moral
or ethnical codes.

It was in the moral domain that the church and politicians clashed, and conse-
quently, Archbishop Hurley said, he believed it impossible for the church to
keep out of politics.

However, one had to distinguish between actually exercising political power and
criticising issues on moral grounds. The church was involved in the latter,

he said.

He said as far as English-speaking churches were concerned, apartheid was morally
wrong. Yet despite the churches’ fundamental opposition the main pillars of
apartheid had not even been touched in the government reforms.

"This is reflected in five basic issues.

“Firstly the discriminatory constitution.

"Secondly, the Group Areas Act, which severely restricts people of colour.

"Thirdly education--one of the main causes of dislocation in our society—~and
the powerful struggle being waged in this regard by black youth.

73



SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY SAYS BLACKS SHOULD ELECT AUTHENTIC: LEADERS «
MB160832 Johannesburg International Service in ‘English 0630 GMT 16 Aug 86
[Station Commentary: "Authentic Black Leadership"]

[Text] The reform process in South Africa has gained a momentum that cannot

be stopped, even though there are those on the one hand-who say the pace is too
slow and those on'the other hand who would like the brakes applied. These two
extremes aside and international pressures notwithstanding, reform is continuing
at the pace that is realistic and takes complex circumstances into account.

This. process of reform is being thwarted by the dispute as to the identity of
authentic black leaders. Now, a firm proposal’ is: being placed on a negotiation
table that can put an end once and for all to these arguments. The proposal,

. as outlined by the minister of constitutional development and planning, is for
electoral division to be established and voters list compiled so that elections
may be held in which black people can themselves decide through democratic means
on their authentic leaders.

The proposal is that such elections should be for the planned national statutory
council. There will be those who will argue that such elections would be
unacceptable because imprisoned leaders would not be able to participate. The
answer to that argument is simple. The government has stated emphatically

that any person or political group, including the so-called political prisoner,
(2is) to take part in the political process at all levels provided violence

and revolutionary action is renounced.

Should the black community decide to hold election this will not be the end
of the matter but the beginning of accelerated reform. The leaders thus
elected in democratic fashion would become the undisputed spokesmen for their
communities in a negotiation on a new poltical dispensation acceptable to all
the various population groups in the country.

/8309
CSO: 3400/409

79



BOTSWANA

MINISTER ON COOPERATION TALKS WITH TANZANIA
MB130753 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 0510 GMT 13 Aug 86

[Text] Tanzania and Botswana‘have been holding talks to explore the possibility
of increasing cooperation in transport and production for their mutual benefit.
The minister of external affairs, Dr Gaositwe Chiepe, said after the talks,
which were held at the Kilimanjaro Hotel [in Tanzania] yesterday, that they
were aimed at ensuring the existing cooperation between the two countries.
Botswana and Tanzania are members of the Frontline States, SADCC, and the
Nonaligned Movement. Dr Chiepe said the discussions centered on the possibility
of using Dar es Salaam port as an alternative in case of an economic blockade
by South Africa and even without an embargo. She said she will also discuss
transport cooperation with the Kenyan Government when she visits Kenya later on.

Dr Chiepe said the countries also discussed topics for the coming SADCC meeting
in Luanda. She said the two sides discussed the role they had to play as
members of the Organization of African Unity, the Frontline States, and SADCC
to ensure the Harare nonaligned summit becomes a success.

The Tanzanian side was led by their foreign minister, Mr Benjamin Mkapa.

Dr Chiepe was accompanied by the minister of works and communications,

Mr Colin Blackbeard; the permanent secretary in the ministry, Mr Lekaukau; and
the permanent secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs, Mr (Mpuchane) .

/8309
cso: 3400/408



SOUTH AFRICA

LAWYER ARGUES AGAINST PRESS RESTRICTIONS
MB121948 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1944 GMT 12 Aug 86

[Text] Pietermaritzburg, Aug 11, (SAPA)--Some of the emergency regulations
affecting the press were described as "oppressive" and interfering with the
common law rights of the individual during legal argument before a full bench
of the Supreme Court, Pietermaritzburg, today.

Mr Sydney Kentridge, QC, [Queen's Counsel] appearing for the English language
newspaper groups which are challenging six of the emergency regulations relating
to the press, submitted that the regulations went beyond the powers of the
state president, could not have been envisaged by parliament and were so wide
they could not commend themselves to any reasonable man.

Mr Kentridge was arguing before Mr Justice Leon, Mr Justice Nienaber and
Mr Justice Kumleben on behalf of Natal newspapers, the Natal Witness, Argus
Printing and Publishing and South African Associated Newspapers, who have
brought the application against State President Mr P.W. Botha, the South
African Government, the minister of law and order and the commissioner of
the South African police.

Referring to Regulation 7 which gives the commissioner or his delegate power
to make orders relating to comment on or news connected with any conduct of a

_ force, Mr Kentridge said the section was vague and amounted to a total blackout
of news involving say, the police, whether favourable or not.

He said Regulation 9 dealing with the taking or publication of photographs
of public disturbances, riots, assaults or killings or any conduct of any
member of a force “with regard to the maintenance of the safety of the public
or public order or for the termination of the state of emergency," could

include normal news events.

Mr Kentridge described this regulation as "totally oppressive" and said it
was not limited even to time or place.

He said for example, it could prohibit the taking or publication of a photograph

of a public disturbance at a football match. "In this instance the press, whose
duty it was to inform the public, would not be able to take photographs."

77



SOUTH AFRICA

PFP MP SAYS MANY OPPOSE CLOSED RACIAL EDUCATION
MB180511 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1345 GMT 17 Aug 86

[Text] Durban, Aug 17, SAPA--The minister of education and culture in the
House of Assembly, Mr Piet Clase, was "seriously incorrect" by imagining that
many people in South Africa--outside his National Party and the far right-
ists--believed in closed racial education, Mr Roger Burrows, Progressive
Federal Party [PFP] spokesman on education, its MP for Pinetown, said today.

Commenting on a statement by the minister that the fact. that the majority of
whites maintained silence on:the necessity of education as an own affair
should not be ‘construed as acceptance of any other system, Mr Burrows said
this was not the case.

All three English-speaking teacher organisations in South Africa "fully sup-
ported" the need for a.singly department of education and for all schools to
be opened to all races.

“The minister's extremist views are keeping in line with the. very conserva-
tive inclination of.the Afrikaans Teacher's body in the Transvaal and its
sister associations," Mr Burrows told SAPA.

In a prepared statement released at the National Patty's Natal Congress
last week, the minister also said education had a definite role to play |
in the creation of good race.relations, but this did not ‘imply a "melting
pot solution" to the problem.

Pointing out that advocates of one department of education for all were
"militant," Mr Clase said:

"you need only think of the wide publicity that was given to the findings of
the investigation into the attitude of Natal teachers towards one department
and integrated education." S

He said there existed a vast, "albeit a-silent majority" in favour of dif-
ferentiated education in the organised teaching profession as well as in the
community at large.

88



SOUTH AFRICA

REPORTER DISCUSSES STUDY ON COMPLEXITIES OF CROSSROADS SITUATION

Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 18-24 Jul 86 pp 6-7

- [Article by Jean Le May]

[Text]

THE development .of Cape: Town's
Crossroads community from a anti-,
apartheid symbol and..a rélatively:
democratic .community © to’ an;
increasingly repressive’ ‘."miniy
bantustan”. was the focus of aj
conference paper this week at the
University of Cape Town. - .' 5

Josette Cole, a Surplus People’s
Project (SPP) worker, presented a
paper entitled “Crossroads: from
popular resistance to mini-bantustan”.

‘The conference, organised by the
university’s Centre for African
Studies, involved 53 papers on the
theme “Western: Cape: Roots and
Realities”. :

Cole’s paper highlighted: .

@ How Crossroads women, who had
been a formidable, militant force in
the area, were relegated a peripheral
role in the area’s power struggles.

@ How the private’ sector,’
specifically the Urban Foundation,
developed an alliance with verligtes in
the government and devised a joint
strategy to deal with Crossroads
resistance.

@ How squatter leader Johnson
Ngxobongwana first: formed an
informal alliance with “progressive”
organisations, then lost control of the
area to them and later opposed them,
leading to the major battles earlier this

year. o
Cole analysed political
developments in Crossroads in three:
crucial periods:.the-early years of:
Crossroads and its transition from a
provisional settlement to a community

56

with clearly established leadership;
the reformist years, 1979 to 1983,
‘where .the social reconstruction .of
Crossroads from above and from
within. is, identifiable; and the recent
period ‘of’ more general political
mobilisation and resistance to
apartheid policies. . v
©The history of Crossroads begins
to capture ‘the complexity and
contradictory nature of political
developments as they have unfolded in
the squatter struggles:.of the Cape
‘Peninsula,” she noted."
< “The'militancy and leadership of
“Crossroads. women became clear in
‘1976 (when) the Supreme Court ruled
fr favour of-Crossroads in an attempt
y the Cape Divisional Council .to
Fhave it deniolished as-a health hazard.
“From.jthen-on the council was
obliged:to provide additional
facilities, Schools and clinics were
‘ provided. During this period a system
of overlapping wardsmen and
homeguards developed. These were
largely ‘traditional: and as early as —
£1976 the social mechanisms were in
place which could, if necessary,
treproduce ‘the* coercion .and
‘exploitation. operative in. the
| homelands. ;,:  - :
1 “At the same time,” women
: organised'themselves around specific
“community needs; these women
‘became’“a formidable. force in
Crossroads,” she said. . ~
“After’ the. Soweto uprisings of
1976, the’ newly-formed Urban
| Foundation formed an alliance with a



SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT REPORTEDLY LAUNCHING ALIEN 'WITCHHUNT'
MB090802 Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Aug 86 p 1

[Text] The government hag launched a massive witchhunt for "aliens" working
in South Africa.

The Department of Home. Affairs has written letters to employers in the coun-
try, asking for particulars of their "alien" employees. .

It defines "aliens". as persons who are not South African eitizens, and adds
that "aliens who have a right to permanent residence but who have not yet
been naturalised as South African citizens are to be included".

This is the latest development in the citizenship controversy, which has
seen:

--The government announcing that any person who employs citizens of Transkei,
Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei without permission faces a fine of R5,000
or two years' imprisonment;

--Bophuthatswana's declaration that their "citizens" would not be allowed to
hold dual citizenship; and

--Government. threats to repatriate "aliens" if sanctions are imposed on
South Africa.

Particulars required from employers include “aliens'". addresses, temporary
residence permit number, nationality, date of employment, and occupation.

Spokesmen for the Association of. Chambers of Commerce and Federated Chamber
of Industries yesterday said they were not aware of the letters.

The Department of Home Affairs had not responded to our inquiries about the
letters by late yesterday.

On Wednesday; a ‘spokesman said that. they had noted our queries, but we should

not expect ‘an early response "as your questions will be forwarded to higher
authorities".

52



[Warner] Well, definitely, definitely so, but it pays to analyze whether
President Doe will permit those who will return to have a role to play in the
society. Definitely we are going to contribute to the overall development of
Liberia [passage indistinct] development of the country.

[Reporter] In light of what happened in the past, particularly in the early
days, the execution of some of your own colleagues, do you think President Doe
is somebody that you cannot work with?

[Warner] I am not quite sure because I have never met him and I don't [words
indistinct] serious doubts as to whether we can work together in a meaningful
way, but it all depends on how the offer is made,

[Reporter] But if it does turn out to be a sincere offer, it is something that
might take you back to Liberia?

[Warner] Well, I think so. Yes, I think so. [end recording]

/8309
CSO: 3400/369

14



BRIEFS

CLAIM TO DISPUTED LAND DROPPED-~Zambia has withdrawn its claim to a disputed
land at the border with Malawi near. Isoka District because it has ‘been
established that the land belongs to Malawi. Civil Service Minister of State
John Mwondela said this in parliament, answering a questionon behalf of

the prime minister. He said the commission ‘appointed to settle the dispute
in 1983 had recommended ‘that Zambia withdraw from the disputed territory

in the (Knanylala) area and stick. to. the present boundary. of Nyala River.
[Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English ‘0600 GMT 14 Aug 86 MB]  /6662

ARMY LEADER AFFIRMS STRENGTH-The head of ‘the army, Chris Tian Tembo, has
declared that the army will continue to defend the country even in the face
of attacks ‘by racist South Africa. Lieutenant-general. Tembo said if South
Africa had to attack, the army is prepared. to defend to the last man. He
said that at mini-commonwealth meeting in London at the beginning of this
month it became clear that things in southern. Africa had reached a very
critical stage. Lt-Gen Tembo said Zambia ‘should not be blackmailed and
bullied into abandoning her principles by South Africa's restriction on cargo
shippings. [Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 19 Aug 86

MB] : /6662

KAUNDA DEFENDS TEACHING SOCIALISM--President Kaunda ‘has said the teaching of
scientific socialism in institutions of learning will not affect the existence
of Christinaity in the country. The president ‘told a Swedish television
correspondent that because of Zambia's deep commitment to religion, it is

not possible that people can be changed by the teaching of scientific social-
ism in institutions of learning. He said. the teaching of scientific social-
ism .(?should) be done on a voluntary basis, and ‘those students not wishing

to study should not be penalized. He said that for this reason, he did not
see how a controversy can arise between the church and.the proponents of
scientific socialism. [Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1115

GMT 17 Aug 86 MB] /6662

cso: 3400/416

43



SOUTH AFRICA

MINISTER SAYS SANCTIONS NOT TO AFFECT HEALTH § SERVICES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 8 Aug 86 P 4

[Text]

/9317
cso: 3400/396

THE Minister of Nat-
ional Health and Popu-
lation Development,
-Dr Willie van ‘Niekerk,
says health services in
South Africa will con-
"tinue normally in the
event of sanctions and
he doubts whether any

country. will stop sup- _

plies of medicines on
moral grounds.

Dr Van Niekerk said in
Parow that South Africa
had strong pharmaceuti-
cal companies which
would create: a. furore
overseas ‘if sanctions on
medicines were

He said the Black pop-
ulation in South Africa
was the largest consumer
of medicine and no coun-
try could afford on nioral

. ground to withhold their

pharmaceutical Products.
No- company had:
“monopoly on medicine
and sanctions in this field
would go against all prin-
‘ciples of morality,
Dr Van Niekerk said
that on no account would

47

South Africa withhold
medical care from neigh-
bouring states if sanctions
were imposed.

And. in. Johannesburg.
Dr Van Niekerk opened
the impressive R8 million
new headquarters. of the

South Africa.

Referring to the use of
trees and. plants. in the
‘building of concrete and
glass, Dr Van Niekerk
‘paid tribute to Dasa and
‘the architects, Bental and
Abramson, for a structure
jthat was... aesthetically

Pleasing.: .
“This building stands
‘out'as an example of su-.

ment for the dental pro-
fession and a: fitting head-

(whether they were in Pe
,Nate or’ state: Practice, he
“added.”



SOUTH AFRICA

NEWSPAPER PAYS FINE FOR PUBLISHING TAMBO INTERVIEW
MB140838 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0834 GMT 14 Aug 86

[Text] Cape Town, Aug 14 (SAPA)--The board of directors of SAAN [South African
Associated Newspapers]--owners of the CAPE TIMES—-has paid a R300 admission of
guilt fine for publishing an interview with the ANC leader, Mr Oliver Tambo,
but has staunchly defended its belief that South Africans should be aware of
the policies of the ANC. "The board holds fast to the view that’ the public has
a right to know and it is important that South Africans be aware of the policies
of the ANC and what is said by its leaders. Without adequate information [word
indistinct] judgments cannot be made," SAAN said in a statement today.

The editor of the CAPE TIMES, Mr A.H. Heard, was originally charged with © ‘
contravening the Internal Security Act by quoting Mr Tambo after an interview
in London. The interview was published in the CAPE TIMES on November 4 last
year. .

After several postponements the charge, for which imprisonment is the only
punishment, was withdrawn and the company was issued with a summons. The board
of directors decided that the company should pay the fine rather than contest’
the matter. ’

The SAAN statement pointed out that the government itself recently issued a
brochure containing a selection of quotations from statements by leaders of
the ANC. "But neither the reader of the government's brochure nor the ordinary
informed member of the South African public can establish, from the actual
sources readily available in South Africa, exactly what is being said by the
ANC and-its leaders."

/8309
cso: 3400/409

76



GUINEA-BISSAU

BRIEFS

SAUDI LOAN FOR ROADS-~Bissau, 15 Aug (ANG/PANA)--The Saudi Development Fund

has just granted Guinea-Bissau a loan of 18 million riyals, that is $5 million,
for the construction of Bigsau-Biombo and Bissau-Prabis roads. The project,

the cost of which totals $10 million, will be partly financed by the Bissau
Government to the tune of 30 million Guinean pesos while the remaining $5 million
will be supplied by the BADEA [Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa].
[Summary] [Dakar PANA in ‘French 1113 GMT 15 Aug 86 AB] /8309

cso: . 3400/420



army and police who are massacring our people every day, to continue hold-
ing out the vain hope that they.can do anything to bring about a just and
social order which will (?appease) the people and to aid and abet the Pretoria
regime in perpetrating its rule of terror, Botha and his fellow fascists
have openly declared war on the people. So to continue working within his
institutions is to side with him in this conflict.

The time for all the [words indistinct], the Buthelezis, the Matanzimas,
the Sebes and the like to resign is now. Quit the sinking ship of apartheid
and join the people in their march towards freedom. Let ‘there be no black
person left within Botha's institutions. The ‘situation of obtaining in our
country no longer allows [words indistinct]. One ‘is either on the side of
Botha or one is on the side of the people. There ‘is no middle road.

We would also like to call on our white compatriots to. realize the kind of
danger Botha is leading them into. During the congress, speaker after speaker
was calling on whites to close ‘ranks and defend apartheid.. [Words indistinct]
keeping whites against.the oppressed. majority. The time has therefore come
for all white democrats to reject Botha's empty :calls and join the democratic
movement. What we are offering to our white compatriots is the only way out
of the crisis, which will surely engulf them, and that in the near future.

To them we say: Renounce Botha and his-apartheid privileges, join the anti-
racist forces in the struggle for a free and democratic South Africa.

To us, the oppressed majority, the only way open is to. intensify our. onslaught
against the apartheid [words indistinct]. In the first place, we never-ex-
pected anything to come out of..the racist congress. We never expected Botha
to suddenly become a. liberator, but:'the outcome of the congress has reaffirmed
out already proven’ path: the intensification of mass political activities
and armed struggle.

Botha said last night that those who want the repeal of all apartheid laws,
like group areas and population registration acts must first unseat him from
“power. We have already :(?plédged that) and we.are determined to fulfill it.
The apartheid regime must be destroyed.now as a'matter of urgency. The
battle lines are clear. Botha andhis supporters are already in their war
trenches, in the laager. We have to rally together also and hit hard at the
enemy. The time to act is now. Botha is. behaving like [words indistinct]
Vorster, but because his regime is in danger it is (?incapable). [Words
indistinct] he is trying to do is to organize his demoralized. and [word
indistinct] forces for the last, but futile, defence strategy. So, we have
to intensify the offensive. .The future is on our side. Apartheid must

go. Forward to.a people's government. From ungovernability to people's
power,

/6662
cso: | 3400/413

si



Briefs
Zimbabwe, PRC Technical Cooperation

SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

BLACKS

Four Surface-to~Surface Missile Carriers Assigned to Cape Waters
(THE CITIZEN, 7 Aug 86). .sesecececenccscccesscceecteseccseuscees

Minister Says Sanctions Not To Affect Health Services L
(THE CITIZEN, 8 Aug 86) ...eccecccesccecccscesseeceenseecserses

Nafcoc President Calls for Mandela's Release
(Michael Tissong; THE STAR, 6 Aug 86). ..sscsecessesececcececcees

Black-White Unity Against Apartheid Urged
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa, 14 Aug.86)

Government Reportedly Launching Alien 'Witchhunt!
(SOWETAN, 8 Aug 86). ..ccssccccccccccceaccccccccseccscbeeeeeseces

Ciskei Minister Discusses Homeland's Industrial Growth
(Owen Vanqa; DAILY DISPATCH, 30 Jul 86) ..ccccscccccccecccecciee

Reporter Discusses Study on Complexities of Crossroads Situation
(Jean Le May; THE WEEKLY MAIL, 18-24 Jul 86) ..ccceesecccccceccs

High Prices for Black Housing Projects
(McKeed Kotlolo; THE STAR, 31 Jul 86) ...

Transkei Resettlement Area Becomes Model Town
(Frank Jeans; THE STAR, 28 Jul 86)...

Cape Study Predicts Massive Black Influx
(THE STAR, 5 Aug 86) ..cccccssssccccccceeees

Efforts Underway To Encourage Transkei Industrial Development
(Janette Bennett; DAILY DISPATCH, 30 Jul 86) .ss.ceeees

Briefs
Kwandebele: 'Regrets' Loss of Life
Lebowa Leader Congratulates Botha
AZAPO Hails Kwandebele _
Kwandebele Independencé Opponents Released
Schools ‘Out of Control'
Underqualified Black Teachers
Kangwane Swazi Leader on Death List
Venda One-Party Rule 'No Surprise’

-d-

45

46

47

48

49

52

54

56

61

62

63


KWANDEBELE INDEPENDENCE OPPONENTS RELEASED--Pretoria, Aug 14, SAPA--A large
number of people detained allegedly for opposing independence plans. for the
tiny homeland of KwaNdebele were released this week. The first group
estimated at more than 200 was released on.Monday. Some of those released
told a Johannesburg newspaper 109 detainees were kept for more than a .
month at a Middleburg prison, while scores of others were kept in various
prisons and police stations inside the. homeland and in nearby towns.. They
said all 109 detainees in Middleburg were released on Monday with several
others from various prisons. The homelands minister of law and order,

Mr F. Mahlangu, had told the legislative assembly that no one had been de-
tained for opposing independence plans. He was reacting to an appeal ‘by the
speaker of the assembly, Mr Solly Mahlangu, that all the anti-independence
detainees should be released. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1103
GMT 14 Aug 86 MB] ° /6662

SCHOOLS 'OUT OF CONTROL'--The situation at some Soweto schools has reached a
level of complete chaos. Headmasters and teachers appear to have lost control
and one school appears to have been turned into a shebeen by schoolboys.

A Business Day team yesterday observed teachers watching in apparent resigna—
tion and fear as drunk pupils, brandishing pistols, staggered around the school
premises. Most were teenagers, "Our children's future is doomed," said one
teacher, He was sleeping in his car, having nothing to do--like his six or
seven colleagues at this Soweto high school. Heading for one of the school's
classrooms, I walked past a group of schoolboys who were drinking beer. One of
them, pistol in hand, was staggering and mumbling. As I was interviewing
teachers in the classroom, the pistol-wielding boy entered. He pointed the
pistol at the teachers, "This is not a toy gun," he said laughing. After the
boy had left, I could not help but ask what had gone wrong on the schools
front. There was no answer, but shaking of heads by teachers, [Text] [By
Sipho Ngcobo] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 29 Jul 86 p 1] /9274

UNDERQUALIFIED BLACK TEACHERS--More than 90% of black teachers could be regard~
ed as under-qualified because they did not have minimum requirements for pro~
fessional registration, Education and Development Aid Minister Gerrit Viljoen
said in Pretoria yesterday, He said all teachers should have at least a
category C qualification--matric and three years' training--and 94,6% had not
achieved that. However, in the last few years, the number of black teachers
without a matric qualification had decreased from 73% to 62%. He said it was
his department's policy to provide enough adequately-qualified teachers.
esi [By Thelma Tuch] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 29 Jul 86 p 1)
9274

KANGWANE SWAZI LEADER ON DEATH LIST--Mbabane+~A ‘Swazi.leader from the South
African Kangwane homeland is in the kingdom claiming he is on a death list be~
cause of his support for the unification of Kangwane with Swaziland. He is
Chief Madzanga Diamini, a prominent member of the Inyatsi Maswati group,
which opposes the administration of Kangwane Chief Minister Mr Enos Mabuza.
Speaking to a local newspaper, Chief Madzanga said he was second on the death
list, The first, he claimed, was the former secretary of his party, Mr David
Lukhele, who was gunned down at his Pretoria home earlier this year. The’
chief, speaking at an undisclosed address in Swaziland, said a hit squad’ had
visited his home three times, but ue found he was out on each occasion, The
chief, leading a small delegation, visited the residence of Swaziland's King

68



/9317

Nunes, was hanged by
Frelimo. soldiers at a’
house belonging to Mr,
Nunes which it was sus”
pected was being used by
Renamo. on

The area surrounding,
the house was mined by;
the troops to prevent fur-
ther use by any Rénamo.
clements, while a further
landmine was uncovercd
in the town of Dedza it--
self.

Both .the mine which
killed Mr Quintino ‘andi
that found in Dedza were
located in spots on the’
gravel road, . which ‘sug-
gested that they were in-
tended to be detonated by
vehicles coming from Vil-
la Couthino in Mozambi-

jue.

Because of the Frelimo:
and Zimbabwean troop|
policy of razing villages
suspected of helping Re-.
namo, food in the-region’

CSO: 3400/398

has’ become scarce, and
there is fairly heavy traffic
of commodities from the
Dedza area into Mozam-
bique.

Malawi, which expelled
Renamo officials under
pressure about two years
ago, is in an ‘extremely
delicate position in the;

conflict because of its reli-”

ance on the Ncala railway.
line which runs through
Mozambique’s_ - © Niassa‘
province to the Indian
Ocean: so et)

The country is, there~
fore, left with a difficult
choice, whether to sup-
port Renamo and its allies,
clandestinely and thereby,
ensure that the Ncala line
remains open for ship-
ment of key exports, Or
alternatively ‘to ease
pressure on itself by back-
ing Frelimo and closing its:
doors to Renamo.

23

An important new ele-
iment in the war is that
;Renamo has now joined
forces. with the Unar
Rombezia African Nat-
lional Union (Uranu)
which is fighting to weld
Mozambique’s five north
fern provinces into the
State of Rombezia.

It is an ethnic move-
iment, and the Renamo
jeommander, ‘Alfonso

|Dhlakama comes from

, the area in which it is op-

erative. The conflict is
proving to have an in-
creasing influence, on sta-
bility in the whole region,
and its importance is

‘stressed by the fact that

President Machel recently
appointed a Prime Minis-
ter under himself to re-
lieve him of some of his
duties so that he could
concentrate on his role as.
‘Commander of Mozambi-
que’s armed forces.


INDUSTRIAL INCENT!
AVAILABLE. A’
DEVELOPMENT:

POINTS

‘Berlin, King”
‘iliam’s: Tow

East London,
Queenstown.

Rail Rebate %

% Total «
Wage Bill

Employment

Maximum
Amount per -
worker per

month (Rand)

Training Grant”

Rental and Interest
Subsidy (%) for
10 years .

Tlonsing Subsidy:
(Se of Interest rate)

Relocation:
Allowance

Price Preference «
on Tenders (%)

Electricity Subsldy 2 Z E

The table detail:

/9317
cso: 3400/405

Border/Ciskei/Transkei region.

66

s the incentives available to industrialists in the



The Migrants:

“IF acar has not got a woman inside in
this society, it runs thevrisk of being
stuck. Women have their own way of
putting their spanner in the works.”
This. quote, from a Cape Town
migrant ‘worker “and member of the
Western Cape Hostel Dwellers
Association, was used” by’ Dr
Mamphela Ramphele'to explain why
., the association had dropped the word
“men” from its name.
Delivering a lecture entitled “The
male-female dynamic ‘between
migrant workers’ in the’ Western
Cape” at the:“Westernm Cape: ‘Roots
and Realities” conference~at the

The deliberate exclusion of the
word “men” from: the hostel
association title might seem a small

cohcession, but it was a significant:

shift, both in the style of organisation
and in the general perception .of,
women by migrant men. ~

“There are no’ short cuts to the
evolution of alternative power
relations. When the hostel association,
was started it was conceived,
structured and launched by men for
the purpose of g hostel men’s
issues,” she said.

However, through. practice and
discussion it became clear to the men
that the “silent power” of women, for
example, in pressurising men to take
family housing in Khayelitsha, could
not be ignored,

The example of:.the hostel
association is in stark contrast to both
the situation at Crossroads, and the
position of women-in. the migrant
hostels generally.; °° * :

Ramphele, who has worked at UCT
after spending six years in a remote
Northern Transvaal village to wheré
she was banished, painted a grim
picture of the lot of women in migrant
worker hostels in the Western Cape.

There were a “significant number”
of women living in the Cape Town
hostels —> wives, local women and
younger relatives :from the rural

59

vetsity of Cape Tow, Rampheie
gender relations were crucial to
understanding of power’ relations

VoThe failure'to.“underste
jpower relations :were:influenced by’
‘relations ‘between the’sexes, had led,
ifor example, to the:tragic events” a
ithe Crossroads squi ‘camp.in the

‘gontrol-system*"that ‘had led to
Crossroads:-being established as a
‘permanent ‘feature: of:Cape Town,
‘shad. reliquished :control “in

a ¢ é-dominated

Brutalised Men Who in Turn Brutalize Their Women

* For many, their access to the city
depended on the goodwill of husband
or lover and thus placed these women:
in an extremely dependent position.

} However, hostel women played.an
economic function which was not
calculated in either the.family or the
national accounts.. Women not only
reproduced labour, but also played a
““particularly. onerous” nurturing role
inthe hostels... :

: “To have to clean up not only after
your -own- family but after other
strangers is too much to expect of any
person. Yet these women. have no

ice”:

+ Nurturing also involved soothing
the wounded egos of migrant men,
who were both “dehumanised” at their
workplace and looked down by many
‘urban township dwellers. Such a man
was “bound to be. unreasonably
assertive in relation to his partner ...
There: is little. scope for. reason and
discussion.and-women suffer assaults
and other abuses silently..-. :

? “It is the only way in which this man
‘can reaffirm his. humanity and
maintain:some measure of control.

over his environment. -
“The women are thus silent unpaid
psycho-therapists to-keep these. men
sane in a brutal and insane world.” ~
Stressing the importance of these
power relations for political activists,
Ramphele said the “rot” in Crossroads



The problem started when the students complained against the school authorities
to Superintendent (Maley) alleging that the school authorities were showing

no interest in students politics on campus. The main bone of contention
according to a senior student is that students object to our leaders being
handpicked: we want to elect our leaders.

Under the MCSS rules and regulations released right after Honorable (Maley)
took office, all appointments of students leaders must be done by the school
authorities. There are eight 12th-grade students among those suspended for
the rest of the semester. According to an eyewitness, besides one isolated
incident of the physical attack when the vehicle [words indistinct] was stormed
and (?burned) during the boycott, the situation was generally peaceful.
Superintendent (Maley) is suggesting that they find another school instead of
causing confusion while it is not yet late.

When contacted by our reporter today, the principal, Mr Buxton, refused to
comment: I think I have nothing to say.

Ministry Given 'Grace Period’
AB051836 Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 1710 GMT 5 Aug 86

[Text] An additional 30 days grace period has been given to the Education
Ministry by the National Union of Liberian Teachers, NULT, to meet up with
the union's demands. According to the national radio, a statement issued

by the union following 2 days of deliberations, and quoted by the DAILY STAR,
advised all teachers to remain on the job in the interest of the students and
the nation until another grace period of 30 days, requested by the Ministry
of Education, expired.

The representative council, the highest decision-making body of the union--
said the minister of education has assured it that on or before the end of

the grace period, the Finance Ministry would have completed the full payment
of all their demands. The council algo announced that the Ministry of Finance
is to make payments of one quarter of the balance, three quarters of trans—
portation allowance, along with the June salary check [words indistinct] action
would be effected until all the demands are fully met.

In an interview with the Liberian News Agency yesterday, the acting president
of NULT, Mr (Murphy Towe), said a position statement issued by the council also
accepted, in principle, the new salary scale devised by the government for
teachers. He described a report ih the STANDARD newspaper that teachers

have decided to begin a go slow by Monday as not only sensational, but also
contrary to the position statement issued by the union representatives con-
ference.

/8309
CSO: 3400/369

16



TANZANIA

'

SUGARCANE CUTTERS RIOT OVER WAGES, 3 KILLED
EA291300 Dakar PANA in English 1030 GMT 29 Jul 86

[Text] Dar es Salaam, 29 Jul (SHIHATA/PANA)--Three people were killed and
17 others injured in a riot by sugarcane cutters at the Kolimbero Sugar
Company, 219 km west of Dar es Salaam. Reports from the area said about
500 sugarcane cutters protesting against low wages blocked the gate of the
factory at dawn last Sunday, barring other workers from entering or leaving
the place. It took the police about five hours to disperse the protestors.

Reports said two of the deceased died on the spot while the third died of
bullet wounds in a protracted skirmish with the crack field force unit (FFU)
called from Morogoro Town, 160 km away from’the point where the sugarcane
fields are located. The Morogoro Regional Commissioner, (Governor) Chrisant
Mzindakaya, has confirmed the killings and promised to furnish the government
details of the circumstances leading to the clash between the sugarcane
cutters and the police.

The riots are unprecedented in scope and character in recent years in the
country's labor relations.

/8309
CSO: 3400/407

33



A spokesman for the Congress of South African Trade. Unions (COSATU), said
his organisation.would not hesitate to take action against employers who
work hand in glove with the government.

"We will watch the whole thing closely. We know that some employers have
sided with apartheid when it suited their interests.

"This is why we hold bosses accountable for the mess the country finds it-
self in," he said.

The Council of Unions South Africa (CUSA) called on employers to disobey the
directive. .

"This is one area where employers’can respond by not sending back the forms,"
a spokesman. said.

16662
Cs0: | 3400/413

53



MALI

BRIEFS

CHINESE MEDICAL TEAM WELCOMED--Minister of Health and Social Affairs Mrs Sidibe
Aissata Cisse this morning received at Koulouba, the new Chinese medical team,
led by the ambassador of China in Mali, His Excellency Zhou Haiping. The
medical team is the 10th our country has welcomed since the signing of the health
cooperation agreement between the People's Republic of China and our country.

In all, there are 22 specialists, including three general practitioners, two
gynecologists, one pediatrician, four surgeons, one anesthesiologist, two
radiologists, a laboratory assistant, and three doctors who will be in charge

of the Chinese medical teams which will be in the hospitals of Kati, Marakala
and Sikasso. [Text] [Bamako Domestic Service in French 1500 GMT 4 Aug 86] /8309

cso: 3400/420

19



Dr Saunders said the definition of what is subversive is so complicated,
uncertain and vague that it puzzled supreme court judges. One of the conse-
quences of this and one possible result of the entire concept of subversive
statements, as defined in the regulations, is the danger of self-censorship.
"Tt is most important that we resist self-censorship. We must resist the
pressure and temptation to stop saying even what the tangled web of poorly
drafted security legislation allows us to say. “We must not conspire to

add to the tyranny of silence, misinformation and poorly disguised propaganda."
The university must remain true to itself and must re-affirm its uncLlinching
belief in the freedom of speech, the freedom of access to information and the
freedom of association, Dr Saunders said.

/6662
cso: 3400/412

86



[Fish] Now, what about Dar es Salaam, the TAZARA [Tanzania-Zambia Railway]
route, northwards from Zambia through Tanzania. to the Indian Ocean, is that
a viable alternative? How much can Zambian businesses and industries switch
to the northern route instead of the southern route through South Africa?

[(Kavendele)] Well, Jim, we have no choice but. we will have to use the Dar
es Salaam port. Dar es Salaam port, in my view and ‘we have used it before,
has not been able to cope even when we were using South African ports. So,
if everything that is imported or exported out of Zambia were to go through
Dar es Salaam, we think that there willbe terrible congestion and even
terrible delays there. Being landlocked, we have no choice in this; we

have no choice but just to accept the inevitable and that is the inconvenien-
ces of having only to rély on one port.

[Fish] Do you think. Zambian businesses are already making plans to reroute
most of their imports and exports northwards through TAZARA to Dar es Salaam?

[(Kavendele)].. Yes, yes. That: is actually what is happening now because it is
just very expensive to ‘be able to pay that 125 percent duty and sales tax in
South Africa. So, in our case, this morning,.we informed our. suppliers in
Japan that they should now reroute all their spare parts and. vehicles we

have imported through Dar es Salaam. In business, that means, that now be-
cause we have already ‘paid for those parts and vehicles, we now need to amend,
to make amendments to their letters of credit so that they can now reach

Dar es Salaam port. ‘Even that amendment also does cost money. So, this
whole thing really does add up. the costs to the finished products in Zambia,
and (?in due time), we will have unfortunately to pick up the bill.

[Fish] How do you view the effect on Zambia if South Africa closed the
border completely? What would happen here?

[(Kavendele)] The effects will be terrible. for the Zambian economy if we
were altogether not to utilize South African ports. What it means is that
even the things that we will bring through Dar es Salaam will be so expensive
and most companies will not be able to afford to make this sudden change.

So there would be temporary closures. of. businesses until things settle down
and we don't known when that will be, but there will be mass unemployment.

[end recording]

16662
CSO: 3400/416

40



SOUTH AFRICA

POLICE REPORTS NOTE 'INSATIABLE' DEMAND FOR FIREARMS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 30 Jul 86 p 13

" [Text]

South Africans of all

races. ate rushing to A dealer who declined

to-be named said he

buy firearms in greater i

quantities _ than... ever rN cheal enorated,
before ‘according to referring to “a mad rush”
statistics released by on arms shops just prior
the South African to June 16 this year.
Police, and dealers re- ee
Port an ‘insatiable de- the SAP Table Rolttion
meee firearm licences Division in Pretoria show.
have been issued this year that. 121 000 firearm Ie,
than were issued for 1984 Fences were issued in the
or 1985, and the total by t’ six months of this
the end of the year looks year, compared to about
like being an all-time re- 135 000 in 1985 and about.
cord, There are already 120 000 in 1984.

about —two-million _li- -s, S
cenced personal weapons Despite the official fg,
in South Africa. ures, some arms dealers

South Africans are per- were reluctant to discuss

mitted to obtain as many their rocketing turnover,
as 12 firearm licences and others, refused out-.
each, although most fire- right. : !
arm owners hold just one. “ oof

In 1979, there were just sia’ ubledts too sen:
1,3-million personal fire- Halong? mavised Mr Du
arms in South Africa, Ton of Armed, a cvon-
owned by 723.000 Ii trywide . wholesaler ..and
cenced users. taller. :

“There’s an insatiable ref * .

demand at the moment - Recently, full-page and
for pistols, revolvers and double-page._advertise-
pump-action shotguns,” ments have been placed :
said a spokesman for a | by arms dealers in nat--
wholesale firm in Johan- ‘ional daily newspapers,
nesburg. “There's a offering’ firearms for as
shortage of nearly every little as 10 percent deposit
type of firearm, made and the balance on terms. ‘
worse by the exchange

rate.”

81



“In the ‘early 1980s there were
increasingly frequent allegations that :
Naxobongwana was a.sell-out. He
often met, for instance; @ith"Timo :
Bezuidenhoud, appointed _Chief
Commissioner late in :1979.. A
tendency of Nqxobongwana to
collaborate with the sist became a
major source of tensiori. ° :*

SFrom late 1981 to p83 acold war
existed between ‘Nqxob mgwana and
Memani, who, with sdiné followers,
split from the executive.” "7

In the midst of this power struggle,
Naxobongwana became involved with
the embryonic “progressive
movement in the Peninsula which
eventually. became the, United
Democratic Front. a

“But after 1981 ot! haeene
struggles developed which were to
force shifts of state sthitegy towards
influx control, and sthus further.
complicate the history of Crossroads.”

These struggles “led ‘to the
establishment of other squatter camps
within Crossroads. EventUally, after
his infamous helicopter ride over the
Cape Peninsula with PW Botha in
March, 1983, Koornhof announced a
‘new solution: the billding of
Khayelitsha. : ae
“*THegal black residents ‘were
expected to return to the Homelands,
and all blacks‘in the Peninsula were
faced with the threat of removal. The
proposed resettlement ‘was totally
rejected by township. organisations,
the squatter communities, the private
sector, church bodies; and the
international community. ah :

“The UDF began actively to.
campaign against the removal. « 3

“In the course of the. next: three
years, during which Old Crossroads
led by Nqxobongwana aligned itself
openly with the UDF to resist removal
to Khayelitsha, contradictions within.
the popular front began to emerge. -

“The increasing failure of influx:
control and the state’s attempt to
introduce’ ‘orderly urbanisation’
intensified the stresses within: a
divided community..©° 4 2+!

“The “leadership ‘eventually

- confronted *distinctive political
choices. ‘ : E

“During December 1984, ° when
violent conflict erupted first in
Crossroads, the united front-of the
squatter leaders was demonstrably
fragile. In the course of 1985 a State
of Emergency was declared in a third
of the country, extended to the
Western Cape in October.

58

“By the end of 1985 there were
signs of struggles. by the Crossroads
leadership to: establish legitimacy.
There: were clear indications that
some of the leadership, symbolised by
Ngxobongwana, were adopting new
strategies. As the internal crisis
deepened, the informal agreement
between Nqxobongwana and the UDF

” began'to fall apart.” :

“By then rent increases had become
a major grievance. A campaign begun
‘as. a peaceful rent” boycott soon
escalated into open confrontation.

“Nqxobongwana’s. arrest (iit late
January), along with the “comrades”,
sparked ‘off ‘a major protest. The

-alleged” presence of a Tswana-
speaking removal squad sparked off
the second violent protest. Within
days 16 people had died and 230 were
seriously wounded. 7 :

“Viljoen announced that phase two
of New Crossroads, shelved in 1983,
would start again and that Old
Crossroads would be upgraded.

“During ‘Nqxobongwana’s
imprisonment (January to April) the
executive lost control of the political
economy of Crossroads. By the time
he'returned, after his acquittal, he had
decided to take the offensive against
the progressive organisations.

“In the course of school and

: consumer boycotts and general unrest

‘in the- Peninsula during the year, a

i growing. number of residents in both
Old.'and New Crossroads became

‘increasingly critical of the
undisciplined role of the “comrades”
in’ :the surrounding squatter

‘communities, {65S

““Nqxobongwana was able to take

! advantage: of: this, and ‘mobilise a
‘significantsection’ of both Old and

' New Crossroads behind his political

| project of ridding them of potential
| threats to his political ‘and economic

“eontrol ~

y the-end of. 1985, traditional

’admen had rejoined Nqxobongwana

)|n-his-crusade against “comrades”

a UDF and its affiliated

" course of 1986
‘Nqxobongwana and other leaders of
old: Crossroads would join forces with

. the’ SAP‘and. the: SADF to. openly
“attack the comrades and destroy their

* sbases! of: support’ —~: the. ‘satellite

uatter communities,” .
“This led to the bitter battles of May
* and June'— in. which scores died and
“tens of thousands lost their homes.



In 1982, Parliament re-
moved racial references
from the Arms and Am-
munition Act, making it
possible for all South
Africans to own personal
weapons. At the time, the
Minister of Law and Or-'
der, Mr Louis le Grange,
who tabled the ammend-
ment, said his Ministry in-
tended -to -keep. “stricter.
control over the issuing of
permits to people of all
races”.

“We definitely will not!
make it easier for irre-"
sponsible people to ob-!
tain firearm licences,” he
said. “We want to im-
prove the Act, not weak-
enit.”

Prior to the amend-:
ment, firearm licences
were only issued to non-
Whites by special permis-:

sion.

19317
cso: 3400/403

In May,. the ‘Depart-

ment of Constitutional.
Development and Plan-
ning said an inquiry had
shown .that seven Black.
community.,councillors in,
Johannesburg were fe-
fused firearm licences be-:

“cause the SAP-had ““de-)

clared them incompetent, ;
as they could not succeed:
in--a_course on firearm’
handling”: During 1983:
and 1984, 20.000 licence
applications were refused’
by the Ministry. of: Law
and Order. ne

Today, 51: percent of.
White households,‘ pos
sess firearms, according
to a recent: nationwide
poll conducted by the
Markinor “:, Research
Group. * The: surve}
‘showed that 60 percent of
Afrikaans households and
39 percent of English
households possessed at
least one firearm.

82

1984 85 86

Agraph showing how firearm sales are rock-
eting, and how they will probably continue to

rise for the rest of the year.



MOZAMBIQUE

BEIRA PORT REHABILITATION PROJECTS DETAILED
wooo toy a
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 29 Jul 86 p 8

[Lext] Several projects have already been completed in connection with the plan
to improve the port of Beira. Especially noteworthy among them are the projects
to rehabilitate the coal terminal, which will enable that port to have the
capacity to handle and process 1.2 million tons of coal per year, as opposed

to the 400,000 tons that it had previously handled.

The project, awarded to the Dutch firm Theelen, cost 10 million florins and
50,000 Mozambican contos.

The work began in December of last year, and by February of this year it was
virtually finished, "within a set time period, revealing an enormous involve-
ment on the part of both the Dutch technicians and the Mozambicans," as
NOTICIAS was told by an authorized source.

Concurrently, four emergency generating sets with a capacity of 400 KVA each
were acquired, for the purpose of ensuring a regular supply of power to the
coal terminal and other major sections of the rail and port complex, in a
state of emergency.

At the present time, there is in the port of Beira a total capacity to supply
emergency power estimated at approximately 2,500 KVA; which is sufficient to
ensure the operation of the rail-port facilities.

The port of Beira has received aid in. the form of technical personnel and
equipment from the Netherlands, to guarantee the effective operation of the
port maintenance and operations sectors.

For this purpose, according to statements made by the chief of the port of
Beira improvement ‘brigade, Mahomed Sulemane, "The Dutch technical team which
has been serving in this area for 24 months organized and equipped the port
maintenance and operations sectors, also undertaking to train Mozambican
personnel." He emphasized: "It may be claimed that our personnel received
the minimal technical information to ensure the operation of these sectors,
in addition to the fact that the latter were minimally equipped."

27



CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

KOLINGBA MAKES NEW ARMY APPOINTMENTS
AB301420 Bangui Domestic Service in French 1800 GMT 29 Jul 86

[Text] By a presidential decree signed yesterday the following officers have
been appointed to various posts of responsibility:

—-Commander of the Support Regiment: Captain (Kossi Gaston), replacing
Lieutenant Colonel Kassa who has been reassigned.

—-Commander of the Republican Guard: (?Gendarmeria Major) Ovoumongo innocent,
replacing Lieutenant Colonel Samba Paul who has been retired.

--Inspector General of the Armies: Captain and Quartermaster (Doko) Lazare,
replacing Lieutenant [name indistinct] and 3d Class Quartermaster (Lefa Remi)
who has been reassigned.

--Deputy. inspector general: Captain Tchemango Antoine.

--Commander of the Autonomous Armored Squadron: Second Lieutenant (Beifolio
Dodoin) replacing (?Lieutenant) Komino Alphonse who has been promoted to the
rank of captain [words indistinct] in Montpellier.

The present decree which repeals all (2previous decrees) takes effect as of the
date of its signing and will be recorded, published in the official gazette,
and announced everywhere necessary.

/8309
cso: 3400/407



democratic formulas and processes which will guarantee the right of all the
people of South Africa. After all, the world is dealing with a South African
problem and the solution will never come from only one sector of the community
but from a plurality consensus.

Most unfortunately, Mr Botha sees himself and the white Afrikaner clique

as the only [word indistinct]. But do thé Afrikaners see that a violent
storm has gathered overhead from whose downfall they cannot take shelter?

To accuse men and women of goodwill, who are advocating for peaceful change
in South Africa with minimum loss of life, as communist-inspired is not only
naive but unreasonable. No other world power is preparing itself to. pounce
on South Africa's wealth, once the white minority and unrepresentative regime
ceases to be the ruling group. On the contrary, it is the Western bloc
which is using Mr Botha and his clique to resist the change because this will
threaten the massive profits made out of the black man's slavery. Mr Botha
would do well to take into account the voices of reason; they are on the

side of justice and fairplay, which he ironically pretends to cherish ‘so mech.

/6662
CsO: © 3400/416

42



BURKINA

CABINET CREATES ANTI-APARTHEID FUND
AB062208 Ouagdougou Domestic Service in French 1900 GMT 6 Aug 86

[Excerpts] The cabinet met today, 6 August 1986, under the chairmanship of
Comrade Thomas Sankara, CNR chairman and president of Burkina Faso. It
examined the items listed on its agenda.

Before breaking, the cabinet decided to create, within the Ministry of Family
Development and National Solidarity, a fund to support the struggle against
apartheid. This decision constitutes the concrete demonstration of the
commitment made by our country during the 22d OAU summit meeting in Addis Ababa.
This translates into action our conviction that for the struggle against the
obnoxious apartheid system to be successful, it must be beyond moral support,
which, although quite important, is not enough to overcome this (?dreadful
system). Also, all those living in Burkina Faso, who express their indigna-
tion against apartheid, must contribute to this fund aimed at supporting the
struggle against apartheid.so as to end this obnoxious system.

/8309
cso: 3400/419



ZAIRE

FAZ CHIEF, NEW BELGIAN MILITARY. OFFICIAL HOLD TALKS
AB302043 Kinshasa AZAP in French 1849 GMT 30 Jul 86

[Text] Kinshasa, 30 Jul (AZAP)--Lieutenant General Eluki Wiwonga Aundu [name
as received], chief of general staff of the Zairian Armed Forces (FAZ), on
Wednesday received in his office the new Belgian chief of military mission
in Zaire, Colonel Walter Mertens.

During their talks, General Eluki and Colonel Mertens discussed the possi-
bilities of revitalizing Belgian-Zairian military cooperation, following the
visit paid to Zaire from 28 June through 7 July by the Belgian defense minister.
The FAZ chief of general staff told Colonel Mertens that he very much relies

on him to revitalize this cooperation. For his part, the chief of the Belgian
military mission assured that the FAZ can in fact count on him and on all the
Belgian military assistants for the implementation of the project which Belgium
has planned for Zaire and which is aimed at making the FAZ more operational.

After the talks, Colonel Mertens told the press that when he was appointed
to his new position, he felt proud because of the confidence which Marshal
Mobutu Sese Seko has placed in him by authorizing him to assume this new
position in Zaire. :

/8309
cso: 3400/407

36



LIBERIA

FURTHER REPORTAGE ON SCHOOL DIFFICULTIES
Suspensions for Political Activities
AB301956 Paris AFP in French 1431 GMT 30 Jul 86

[Text] Monrovia, 30 Jul (AFP)--Twelve high school students described as
political activists have been suspended from their institution for one academic
year by their headmaster for creating "confusion" in the school, the inde-
pendent newspaper DAILY STAR reported on Wednesday.

James Buxton, headmaster of the "William Tubman" government high school said
he made this decision because the students had refused to participate in a
school meeting for "political reasons." He added that the students' behavior
amounted to disrespect for authority and was aimed at creating a bad atmosphere
in the school. For their part, the students accused the school's management

of preventing them from organizing themselves and forming students political
parties in order to elect their leaders.

According to the school's management, the students lacked the maturity
necessary to form political parties.

Students Continue Boycott
AB311715 Monrovia Radio “ELWA in English 1710 GMT 31 Jul 86

[Text] Classes at the W. Tubman High School in Monrovia were today disrupted
for the 2d day running. The students yesterday staged a boycott of classes
in solidarity with the 12 students who were suspended by the MCSS [Monrovia
Consolidated School System] administration on Wednesday for being political
activitists. Twelve students were suspended as a result.

Immediately after being informed of their fates, the 12 students, according to
Superintendent (Maley), (?rushed to) his office to seek redress but according
to him, he admonished them to go home. Instead of going home, according to the
superintendent, the students went on campus and called an unauthorized meeting
in the school gymnasium and stirred the other students into a [word indistinct]
walkout.

15



IVORY COAST

GOVERNMENT PLEDGES TO COMBAT FRAUD
AB311842 Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 31 Jul 86 p 24

[Excerpts] The cabinet successively met on Monday, 25 July, and Wednesday,
30 July 1986, at the Presidential Palace, under the chairmanship of the
head of state, President Houphouet-Boigny.

Concerning the Ministry of Trade, the government members heard an important
report by the minister of trade on the checking of fraud in Ivory Coast. It
is true that fiscal and commercial fraud is experienced by all the countries
in the world. And as such, each community, according to its own situation,
wages a vigorous war against this phenomenon.

After examining the factors which encourage fraud, its manifestations, and the
harm done to the country by those who engage in it, the cabinet meeting. reviewed
the different measures to be taken in order to combat this plague which does so
much damage to the state's revenues in Ivory Coast. The cabinet meeting urged
the minister of trade to carry out this task in conjunction with all interested
ministries and public services before convening a national seminar with all the
social partners in order to determine the most efficient way to combat fraud
and those engaged in it.

The government was of the opinion that the success of this mission depended
upon the close cooperation of all involved. An appeal was also launched to
all those responsible for checking goods and travelers along our country's
roads and borders, that they carry out their duties in an upright and serious
fashion, since the image of our country is at stake.

/8309
CSO: 3400/419

10



Cost of Rent Boycotts
Donation for Black Education

SOCIOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Suzman Says Botha To Blame for Sanctions
(SAPA, 13 Aug 86) .scccccecccccccecccsessescvessesecuaseseseeees

Catholic Archbishop Says Churches Failing
(SAPA, 13 Aug 86) .sccecccecccccecesevecccsceccssoseressesssres

Commentary Lauds Botha's ‘Strongly Re formist Speech'
(Johannesburg International Service, 14 Aug 86) weceveececeveces

Newspaper Pays Fine for Publishing Tambo Interview
(SAPA, 14 Aug. 86) .scccccceccccceeencccceassccscesssererenereees

Lawyer Argues Against Press Restrictions
(SAPA, 12 Aug 86) scccececccceccescccccccesvccsessscsscercserer®

Commentary Says Blacks Should Elect Authentic Leaders
(Johannesburg International Service, 16 Aug 86) wecccccecececece

Commentary Says West, African Leaders Should Talk to Botha
(Johannesburg International Service, 18 Aug 86) covcceveecccesce

Police Reports Note 'Insatiable' Demand for Firearms
(THE CITIZEN, 30 Jul 86) cecsccccccceccrccscsecvccccssscscvecess

WECTU Members Complain About School Situation
(THE CITIZEN, 2 Aug 86) .ccscsccoccccccceccscencccsecsscescssees

Further on Immigration, Emigration Figures
(SAPA, 19 Aug 86) sececcceccevecccccrecsanecenscosesssseres

Cape Town Educator on 'abhorrent' Trial Policies
(SAPA, 15 Aug 86) vscccececscveveeceecesscecesensess

PFP Leader Questions Botha Sincerity on Reform
(Johannesburg Television Service, 15 Aug 86) ..

PFP MP Says Many Oppose Closed Racial Education
(SAPA, 17 Aug 86) ccvcecscrccccccccceceasoes

Briefs
Rent Increases for Coloreds
Jewish Group Condemns Apartheid
Most Favor Open Beaches
All-Race College Planned
"Brain Drain' Increases
Durban Swimming Pools Open to All

69

71

73

75

76

77

79

80

81

83

84

85



Mtonjeni areas, there
is much potential for
agro-related industry.
However, there were
no incentives for agri-
cultural industries
now, although “this is
something we must
look into,” Mr Jonsson
said.

Incentives are also
available for “ad hoc”
cases — specific pro-
jects’ outside indust-
rial growth points
which may in excep-
tional circumstances
be considered by the
Regional Industrial
Development Au-
thority. .

Mr Jonsson said the;

‘TDC was receiving a
growing number of in-!
quiries from South
African industrialists:
considering reloca-
tion in order to take
advantage of a low
cost, stable work force
and a secure environ-
ment. i

“The relative stabil-!
ity of Transkei in’
terms of security and:
the work force is in
itself an attraction for
new investment con-
sidering the continued °
unrest in South]
Africa.” :

Decentralisation in-
centives for Region D
are the most favour-
able in Southern
Africa.

However, as pointed
out by the managing.
director of Industrial
Decentralisation and
Economic Consul-
tants, Mr C. Simonsz,
and an industrial de-
velopment consultant,
Mr P. Goss, at a recent
seminar on economic’
reform for accelerated;
development in Trans-
kei, controlling abuses
of the incentives was
difficult, and some
“abuses” are, legiti-
mate, i

Industrialists may,
for example, claim
labour concessions of:

R10 per nionth per!
worker — provided,
the average wage was;
R110 — even if wages:
were lower than R110.

At the seminar, the|
deputy director of the;

Institute for Manage-:
ment and Develop-
ment Studies, Mr Pe-
ter Wakelin, spoke of
average wage of R98 a
month at Ezibeleni,
About 70 per cent. of
workers in Ezibeleni
industries he said,’
were paid below the”
minimum wage of:
some R100 a month,
and in some cases,
wages as low as R26.a
month were paid.  * }
Mr Jonsson said not,
all industrialists’
abused the incentives
but the few who did
relfected - negativel;
on the others. Bony

“However, recent
cases of abuse of these
incentives have re
sulted in much im-
proved control over
their allocation and
administration. In;
particular, industries!
must prove their:
Niability without con-4
cessions before being’
considered by the:
Transkei Govern::
ment.” . S

In the last year, one
company had been,
closed down and one
taken over by the TDC,

“both arising from the :

improved controls:
over the incentive pay: |
ments. All employees
of the company closed
will be accommodated
in existing TDC pro-
jects.”

Since March 1986,
three new projects
and two expansions,

‘providing 500 jobs,

have. been finalised.
“It should be noted
that according to the
latest statistics, every
direct job in industry |
creates a further 2,5:
jobs in supporting ser- :
vice sectors due to its

65

stimulus “to the eco-"
nomy,” Mr Jonsson
said.

Planned develop-
ments include a drive
to locally replace ma-
jor imports, such as
clay bricks and corru-
gated iron for the
building industry, and
to concentrate on in-
dustrial’ linkages,

Mr Simonz and Mr
Goss said industrial-

, ists ‘in’ ‘Transkei suf--
fered from a lack of
{confidence which
arose from:

@ The Aliens Act
which made it difficult
for expatriates to
obtain work permits.

je The Immovable
Property Control Act,
ywhich has meant that
the TDC has had to
spend R160 million on
land and buildings
which could be sold to
industrialists.

@ The Licencing Con-
trol Act, effective from
1988, which has pro-
voked - fears of take-
overs in industrialists.

.@ Clause: 27 of the
| Agency agreement,
\ whereby after 20 years
| the TDC has the right
to purchase indus-
tries.

.. However, the Prime
Minister, Chief George
Matanzima, said at a
recent press confer-
ence that the private
sector was vital in
Transkei’s develop-
ment drive.

At the conference,
the chairman of the
Regional Develop-
Iment Advisory Com-
mittee for Region D.
.Mr Robert Fowles,
Said industrialists had
‘informed the govern-
jment of problem
areas.

: Although he did not
‘name these problem
areas, he said: “We
have been ‘given the
jassurance that they
|will be looked at soon
as possible.”



MISSIONARY TESTIFIES TO FRELIMO ATROCITIES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 8 Aug 86 p 10

‘ [Text]

A MISSIONARY has re-
turned to ;South Africa
from Mozambique with a
mass of eyewitness: evi-
dence of the escalating,
slaughter of eae
there by Frelimo

‘The “Rev~ Peter
mond (26) a Baptist ms
sionary working for the:
“Proniline Fellowship’.
organisation, told”
Citizen: “I have got to
know Mozambique int
mately in the past four

yen the past 1 have
been consistently
shocked, horrified, dis-
gusted and sickened by
the mindless brutality and
scorched earth policy to
try to control Renamo. :*

“But this trip of a
montit has capped it all.

Never before have Ehgen

Frelimo clearly “is aow,
reaching the stage of total
desperation and - realis-
ation of its inability to
beat Renamo ‘and the

oppressed villagers.”
Trained as a research-
er, Mr Hammond visited
50 villages and inter-
viewed ,300 people, in-
cluding some 100 church

20

leaders. Much of the evi-
dence he obtained he re-
jected because of what he
regarded as inadequate
confirmation. -

“What is left makes up
a 30-page report of in-
credible brutality, rape of
human rights and free-
dom, and is a stunning in--
dictment of Marxist Third
World government,” he
said. “> .

The ‘ organisation for

. which he works is one of

14 member ‘bodies of
| United Christian ‘Action,
‘and specialises in putting
‘into the field ordained

‘ministers with a military

Inthe past 4 % years Mr
Harhmond, who: comes
from Cape “Town, has
worked extensively in all
the Southern African war

areas — specifically South
‘West + Africa, Angola,

Zimbabwe and: mainly -

-Mozambique.
He quoted chapter and

verse, incident after inci-'

dent, of brutal killings of
tribes people in: Mozam-
bique by Frelimo, follow-
ing a month-long tour of
duty i in the Tete and Zam-
ia provinces.
For day after ‘day, as he
made'his way by motor

MOZAMBIQUE


GHANA

BRIEFS

INCREASED LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION URGED--Livestock farmers in the country
have been called upon to redouble their efforts in meat production as
their contribution towards the success of the Economic Recovery Programme
(ERP). Making the call at a livestock farmers forum at Asamankese, Mr
I.B. Mohammed, District Animal Husbandry Officer for West Akyem, lamented
that even though the country needed about 20,000 metric tonnes of meat
annually, her present production stood at only 4,000 tonnes per year.

To arrest this situation he urged the farmers to make full use of the
services of extension officers with the Department of Animal Husbandy who
could advise them on modern methods of animal rearing. Mr Edward K.
Obuobi, Materials Manager of Agricare Limited, producers of livestock
feeds, said improved methods of feeding help to produce healthy animals.
He observed that the high cost of feeding livestock could be reduced
considerably if farmers produced their own feed from local grains and
concentrates. Mr Obuobi announced that his company would soon open a
distribution depot at Asamankese to serve farmers in the West Akyem and
Birim Districts under a programme aimed at decentralising the sale of its
products in a bid to save farmers the trouble of travelling long distances
to procure concentrates. The District Veterinary Officer, Mr K. Dzirasa,
warned the farmers against misuse of veterinary drugs. [By Samuel Kyei-
Boateng] [Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 4 Aug 86 p 1]
/9317

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY LEGALIZED--A law legalising the establishment of
the Ghana Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) has been published in Accra.

The enactment, Ghana Civil Aviation Authority Law, 1986, took effect from
May 16 this year. The law stipulates that the Ghana Civil Aviation Author-
ity shall have power for the discharge of its functions under this law to
acquire and hold any movable or immovable property, to dispose of such
property and to enter into any contract or other transactions. It says

the Authority shall, among others, be responsible for licensing of air
transport and the licensing of the provision of accommodation in aircraft.
It shall also be responsible for the operation of aerodromes and the provi-'
sion of air navigation services and aeronautical assistance and information.
Other functions shall include the registration of aircraft and ensuring
safety of air navigation and aircraft including airworthiness as well as
regulating air transport services. It shall also be responsible for secur-
ing sound development of the civil air transport industry in Ghana and



In Gaza, the districts of Chicualacuala and Massingir have not had rain in over
5 years, and require all types of assistance, including provisions, medicines,
clothing, farming implements, and school equipment.

At the same time, the department announced that the transportation problems in
this province, noted in the report for April and May, have been solved through
the rehabilitation of the fleet of 10 trucks which had been immobilized. At
the present time, the vehicles are. aiding operations in the province.

Reports from the district of Chokwe, also in Gaza Province, indicate that nearly
3,600.tons of corn from Zimbabwe, donated by Great Britain, have already been
received and are being distributed among those in need. Another 2,200 tons

of corn are due to be received soon. .

The latest figures on the stricken populiation.in Gaza and Inhmabane Provinces
totaled 208,000 and 310,000 persons, respectively.

A plague of grasshoppers and birds has precluded satisfactory harvests in Tete.
This situation has as aggravating factors the small ‘volumes of seed distributed
to the population for the campaign.

Furthermore, Tete has been receiving and aiding displaced persons from the
district of Morrumbala, in. Zambezia; Chemba, Caia, and Marringue, in Sofala;
and Tambara, in Manica Province. Nearly 110 tons of corn, beans, and edible
oil have already been sent to Mutarara district, to assist those persons.

Another 1,000 tons of corn, part of the corn purchased by CARE, a humanitarian
organization, in Malawi, have been collected for Mutarara, and donors are being
sought for Caia and Chemba. During May, Tete Province had 330,000 stricken
people.

The DPCCN report for April and May noted that, in a general retrospective of
the situation, some improvements. had occurred in Tete Province, and the number
of individuals stricken might decline during the following months.

Nearly 1,000 are without shelter, clothing and food after the armed bandits
looted and burned their houses in Magude district of Maputo Province.

In the same district, nearly 20 orphaned children, whose parents were murdered
by the armed bandits, and who are in the care of the local authorities, need
clothing and food for their survival.

In Maputo Province, the districts of Moamba, Matutuine, Magude, Boane, and
Marracuene are the ones still stricken by the drought. Nearly: 590 tons of
corn have been sent to Magude, Namaacha, Moamba, and Maturuine.

DPCCN indicates the reception of other donations or pledges from various inter-

national organizations, such as UNDRO, World: Vision, Sport-Aid*of Thailand,
CARE/Norway, CRIA of France, and the World’ Lutheran Federation.

25



EAST LONDON HARBOR ACTIVITIES ON UPSWING IN SPITE OF RECESSION

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 30 Jul 86 p 18

[Article by Angela Peat]

[Excerpt]

ernment

The world recession ofa.

few years ago and the
slump in the South Afri-
can economy has hit the
East “ London’ harbour
hard. oe

However, the picture
is not as gloomy as.it
looks because the har-
bour is fully geared to
meet the demands of the.
upswing which, it seems,
has already begun.

The best news for the
harbour in nearly three
years is that the West
Bank grain elevator, the
largest port elevator in
the southern | hemi-
sphere, will. handle
600000 tons of maiz
this year. :

‘About 340 000 tons has
already been exported
by 11 vessels since May.

Six of these carried gov-;
consigned ;

maize parcels to Taiwan;
and the rest’ were pri-:
vate trade.shipments. '
As early ‘as January;
this year a report-on th
grain elevator * said:
“Sadly the 56 silos and:
36 storage ‘interspaces.
seldom hold;much grain,
now, while «crops © up:
country are still’ recov-;
ering from‘. the harsh,
drought'conditions”.: = =

94

oT apis time last year the”
harbour was 50 per cent:

‘under-utilised “due » to

the lack: of maize: ex-:

jorts which make up the
fic.

©. Duting this period, 74.

stevedores .' were ..Te-
trenched in East London
because. work” opera-
tions had to be cut ’back
due to lack of traffic, -

Now; with the current:
maize exports, the steve-,
dores laid off during the:

islump “lave been : pro-.
‘wided:-with; employment.

vagain:’.>. ees

Only’ a“ year “ago the
harbour: handled -72 000
‘tons. of -maize: imports
and the totalexport of
600 000. tons « expected
this year’shows a prom~
ising upswing for-South
Africa’s "largest grain
and river port.
‘The East London port
‘manager, Mr Sarel Broo-
dryk, ‘said the harbour
jwas still importing grain
jand this year 50 000.tons,

fof wheat was expected:

ito be handled: by the
‘harbour. The : Western
‘Province wheat lands
‘have “still to recover
fully from the drought.

ulk of.the. harbour traf-”

SOUTH AFRICA


SOUTH AFRICA

PFP LEADER QUESTIONS BOTHA SINCERITY ON REFORM
MB151717 Johannesburg Television Service in English 1545 GMT 15 Aug 86

[Text] In the wake of this week's. federal congress of the National Party
[NP], Mr Colin Eglin of the Progressive Federal Party [PFP] has questioned
the sincerity of the state president's reform initiative. At the meeting in
Pinelands, Cape Town, Mr Eglin noted that the structures of racial differen-
tiation still remain.

[Begin video] [Reporter Douglas. McClure] Mr Eglin said that the federal
congress had provided the state president with an ideal opportunity to give
the country firm leadership, with a view to the future, ‘but’ Mr ‘Botha had
failed to take advantage of that opportunity.

[Eglin] In the constitutional field in particular, it was clear that under

Mr Botha has no intention of abandoning race and, with that, race classi-
fication and race separation, as the cornerstone on which he intends to build
constitutional structures. [sentence as heard] It was quite clear that the
NP, under Mr Botha has no intention of abandoning the Vérwoerdian concept

of independent black homelands or bantustans, nor certainly any intention

of ever inviting them back to’form some part of a new South African federation.

[McClure] With respect to the question of - group self~-determination, he said
that the PFP believed that.existing factors such as parliamentary democracy,
the rule of law, the rights of the individual, and the protection of minori-
ties could be more easily obtained in a community free of racial classifica-
tion and based on a constitution comprising structures entertaining freedom
of association.

/6662
CSO: © 3400/412

87



advising the government on matters concerning civil aviation. The law
provides that the Authority shall have a Director-General (DG) and two
Deputy Director-Generals, all of whom shall be appointed by the PNDC.
According to the law, the Director-General shall, subject to such directions
as may be given by the board on matters of policy, be responsible for the
day-to-day business of the Authority. The governing body of the Authority
shall be the board which shall consist of a chairman to be appointed by
the PNDC. Other members of the board shall include the Director-General,
a representative each of the Ministries of Defence and Transport and
Communications and not more than five other persons appointed by the PNDC.
The board shall be responsible for the formulation of general policies

for the proper management of the Authority and for ensuring that such
policies are carried out by the Authority. It shall also be responsible
for the sound and proper financial management of the Authority including
approval of all contracts as well as the appointment of management person-
nel other than the Director-General and his deputies.--GNA [Text] [Accra
‘PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 5 Aug 86 p 1] /9317 a

HYDROELECTRIC DAM ON VOLTA--Ghana and Burkina Faso will jointly build a
hydro-electric dam on a tributary of the Volta River at Neuna, Brigadier
W.M. Mensa-Wood, PNDC member, has announced. Brigadier Mensa-Wood, leader
of Ghana's delegation to the third anniversary celebration of the Burkina
Faso revolution, made the announcement when he delivered a special message
from Flt-Lt Jerry John Rawlings, PNDC Chairman, to Captain Thomas Sankara,
the Burkina Faso leader, in Ouagadougou yesterday. He said Ghana was ‘willing
to share her experience with Burkina Faso to develop her electricity poten-
tial because of the friendship existing between them and their common
heritage of the Volta River. He said Burkinabe officials ‘and experts from
the Volta River Authority were discussing the technical details. Brigadier
Mensa-Wood said the message also congratulated the Burkinabe on the occasion
of their anniversary. He was accompanied to the Presidential Palace by
Col (rtd) E.K.T. Donkoh, Chief of Staff, PNDC Headquarters, and Ghana's
Ambassador to Burkina Faso, Dr Kelly Nordor.--GNA [Text] [Accra GHANATAN
TIMES in English 6 Aug 86 p 1] /9317 ’

BAN ON ARMS--An Executive instrument, giving legal backing to the ban on
the manufacture, possession and carrying of arms and ammunition within the
Awudome and Peki Traditional Areas in the Volta Region, has been published
in Aceta. According to the instrument, Public Order (Prohibition of Arms
and Ammunition) (Awudome and Peki Traditional Areas) 1986 the manufacture,
possession or carrying of arms or ammunitions is prohibited within the
Awudome and Peki Traditional Areas in the areas of authority of the Ho and
Kpando District Councils respectively. The instrument, signed by Brigadier
W.M. Mensa-Wood, PNDC member responsible for the interior, stipulates that
any person who contravenes any provision commits an offence and is liable
to a fine not exceeding ¢5000 or imprisonment not exceeding three years or
both... Military police and prisions personnel on duty and any person duly

“authorized in writing by the Secretary responsible for the interior are

exempted by the instrument. On the coming into force of this instrument,
all persons within the affected areas in possession of any arms and ammuni-
tion are required to deposit them with the officer-in-charge of the nearest



/9317
C80: 3400/395

jected suggestions the
delegation was engaged in
a ie ling excer-

ed by the Government
show that South Africa’s
trade surplus with Israel is.
growing. -Pretoria © im-
ported. R110 million
worth of ‘goods from Is-
rael in 1985 while its ex-
ports amounted to R253,7.
million. .

In the first two months,
of this year the surplus
widened — exports. of
R60 million and imports
of R18,25 million.

Despite persistent
overseas Press reports,
both governments have
denied any military deal-
ings in defiance of a 1977
United Nations arms em-
bargo against South Afri-
ca. so

Informed sources said’
the Israeli visitors, among
them a representative of

93

the Chief Scientist’s Of-
fice of the Israeli govern-
ment, were also here to
help South African Jews

invest in Israel.”
The 110 000-strong,
-Jewish com-

fnunity in“South - Africa
enjoys special priviliges
under an ‘agreement al-
lowing them to transfer 25
percent of their capital to
-Israel for. investment in
-government-approved
projects. :

+ Israel recently stepped
up efforts to lure South
“African Jews, offering fi-
‘nancial incentives, but
most of those leaving the
_country over concern for
its future prefer to settle
‘in’ places like Australia
and the United States.
(lsrael has long argued
that close relations with



SOUTH AFRICA

DANISH, FRENCH COAL IMPORT. BAN HURTING MINES
Stockholm DAGENS NYHETER in Swedish 1 Aug 86 p 8
[Article by Christian Palme: 'panish Coal Blockade Effective"] ..

[Text] Copenhagen--The sanctions of a small country can have a serious impact
on South Africa. This is shown by the effects of Denmark's 6-month import
ban on coal from South Africa.

Several countries have followed suit and South African coal exports have de-
clined by 17 percent in the last 6 months.

The Social Democratic Party in Denmark is very pleased with the reports of the
decrease in South African coal exports. It was the Social Democratic Party
and the Radical Liberal Party, the swing-vote party, who joined forces to
push through the trade boycott of South Africa, contrary to the wishes of the
nonsocialist minority government.

Other Countries Follow Suit

In a recent statement the South African Mining Chamber of Commerce singled
out Denmark as the principal culprit behind the drastic reduction in coal
exports. Denmark, which imports approximately 3 million tons of coal (1984)
for the production of electricity, used to be the world's fourth largest pur-
chaser of South African coal, after Japan, France and Italy. Danish imports
accounted for almost 10 percent of South Africa's coal exports.

But now other western countries are also following suit. France has already
drastically reduced its South African coal imports and in other countries a
clear tendency to seek alternative coal exports can be noted.

In less than a decade South Africa has sharply increased its exports of a
quality of coal known as “steam coal," which is used mostly in electric
power plants. After investing in several new mines and a brand-new coal port
in the province of Natal, the country's share of the world market rose from
4 percent in 1978 to between 22 and 29 percent in recent years.

98



HIGH PRICES FOR BLACK HOUSING PROJECTS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 31 Jul 86 p 13

[Article by NcKeed Kotlolo]

[Text]

/12828
cso:

The housing shortage,
a major problem in
black townships for
many years, may

come a thing of the
past inthe Pretoria

area. .
This is thanks to. the

private sector and the re-
cent signing of multimil
lion-rand contracts be-
tween development com-
panies and Mamelodi and «
Atteridgeville local auth-
orities.

But the projects are
seen by many as aimed.
more at making profits.)
than eliminating, . the
housing backlog. ‘

Most people on waiting
lists cannot afford to buy

the sites, let alone build. -

their own houses. -
Serviced sites in Ma-
melodi sell for of R5500
for 300sqm. *
The Atteridgeville
Town Council signed a
R13 million housing con-

3400/386

tract with the Habitech’
Construction Company. “'

This was followed by.
an estimated R40 million
contract between the Ma-
melodi Town Council and «

the Family Housing Asso-'+

ciation (FHA), an Urban.
Foundation housing utili-
ty company. :

The ; planned : FHA
houses will cost between.
R20 000 and R60 000.

The FHA will develop
1300 sites in Mamelodi

ville‘will build in Exten-:
sion 1, also an elite-area.
The executive « chair-

, man-of the Urban Foun-

dation, Mr Jan Steyn, has
stressed that their com-
mitment was to meet the
needs of all those who did
not have houses or were"
inadequately housed.

NEEDS OF POOR
He said at the launch of
the Mamelodi Gardens
project that there must!
be strong emphasis on
meeting the needs of the
poor.

61

SOUTH AFRICA



SOUTH“AFRICA

BRIEFS

KWANDEBELE: 'REGRETS' LOSS OF LIFE--Siyabuswa, Aug 13, SAPA--The Kwandebele
government regretted that so many lives had been lost in two and a half
months of unrest that led to the government's decision yesterday to reject
independence, the minister for citizen liaison. and information said ina
statement today. Mr F.K. Mahlangu said the government expressed its "sincere
regret" that so. many lives had been lost and property destroyed. He. said
many outsiders had "tried to capitalise" on the unrest which had prevailed
since May this year. He also said "the unwanted actions" of the "privately
owned" vigilante group, Imbokhoto, were not a result of government instruc-
tions. He said "Many fallacies were distributed with regard to the future of
the Ndebeles," but’ that the "will and wishes" of the Ndebele people would

be the cabinets guidelines to lead them. Mr Mahlangu said it was not vio-
lence that would unite the Ndebele but that they were "prepared to listen to
each other." He added that one of the. most important goals for the Ndebele
to aim for was "to try to bring the work to the people, so that people need
not travel so far to their work." [Text [Johannesburg SAPA in English

1649 GMT 13 Aug 86 MB]  /6662

LEBOWA LEADER CONGRATULATES BOTHA--The chief minister of Lebowa, Dr Cedric
Phatudi, has congratulated: the state president on his address, which he says
shows statesmanship and courage. Dr Phatudi welcomed the prospects held out
for. a new constitution, and said for this reason he could not attach much
importance to a referendum for black people. He asked that a new constitu-
tion take into account calls for a federal. government. [Text] [Johannesburg
Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 13 Aug 86 MB]  /6662

AZAPO HAILS KWANDEBELE~-Johannesburg, Aug 13, SAPA--The members of the
KwaNdebele Legislative Assembly. should be saluted for their "courageous
effort" in deciding against independence for the homeland, the deputy presi-
dent of the Azanian People's.Organisation (AZAPO), Mr Nkosi Molala, said to-
day. Mr Molala said the chief minister, Mr Simon Skhosana, should “now dis-
mantle his legislative assembly and resign. The black people of KwaNdebele,
in actively resiting the so-called independence, have underscored not only
the fact that black people are one but. also that the life-span of oppression
is determined by the elgnth of the acquiesence of the governed," said Mr
Molala. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1235 GMT ‘13 Aug 86 MB] /6662

67


LESOTHO

BRIEFS

DISTRICT MILITARY OFFICERS APPOINTED--The office of the Military Council has
authorized the appointment of district military officers, one in each district.
The office said the district military officers will act as representatives of
the Military Council in the various districts of their posting. The officers
will also liaise with district secretaries and the rest of the civil service

in the districts. They will be expected to work with chiefs, as well as village
and other development councils. [Excerpt] [Maseru Domestic Service in English
0500 GMT 18 Aug 86] /8309

cso: 3400/408

12



More welcome news is |
that coal exports in-;:
ereased by 65 per cent!
during the last financial |
year.

Machinery imports
through the harbour
made up 11 per cent of
the traffic and 22 per
cent consisted of vehicle
and spare imports dur-|
ing this period. a

The export of - food-
stuffs has also increased
by 28000 tons — from
71 000 tons in 1984/85 to!
99 000 tons in 1985/86, |

Although some export
and ‘import tonnages'
have increased, the total
flow of harbour traffic
has decreased from
124.000 tons in 1984 to
44000 tons in 1985 — a
65 per cent drop.

Harbour traffic has
dropped off by 200 per
cent since 1982, from a
healthy figure of 740 ves-
sels to 388 in 1985.

Mr Broodryk stressed
that the decrease in har-
bour traffic was not as.
bad as it sounded.

“We shouldn't look at
the number of ships but
also consider the size of
the vessels which have
increased in some in-
stances over the years.” *

/9317
CSO: 3400/395

High-rated cargo ten-
ded to go into containers
and although the ton-
image might be less, the
irelative value was
greater than bulk cargo.

The “container " ter-.
‘minal “handled” 22 966:
containers last year. i
” fhe terminal, nestled:
in the basin of-a disused;
quarry on the west side}
of the Buffalo ‘ River,.
provides jobs for abouti
{50 people who are all di-
[rectly involved ‘in the;
container export and:
import traffic. ‘|

The clerk in charge of!
the terminal, Mr Tony
Kriel, said 12499 con-
‘tainers were landed last:
year and 9933 were
shipped. i

The scheduled feeder
vessels call in port twice
a week carrying import.
and exports on the Dur-.
ban and Cape. Town
coastal routes. where

larger ships, which can-

not be accommodated
here, are berthed. These
either, discharge cargo
vessels or await cargo
which the ships bring
from the smaller ports. -“*

The feeder vessels
usually’ handle * export.
cargo of canned. fruit,

95

wool, textiles, asbestos
and machinery. Imports
include car parts, ma-
chinery, textiles, wine
and candlewax.

The wine, destined for
|. blending and bottling at
a distillery in Wilsonia,
fis shipped from Cape
iTown in giant con-
tainers.
The candlewax is also
received in bulk and it
‘is distributed to a num-
i ber of candle ‘factories
| in the Border area.
Handling 20 tons of
containerised shipment
is 60 per cent cheaper
than - conventional or
break bulk cargo of the
same tonnage.
It costs R14,50 a ton
| for. break bulk to be lan-

ded “and”. delivered
; within a_five-kilometre
radius of the warehouse
land the charge for con-

tainerised cargo is.
R8,75. : The -price —ex-

cludes « wharfage
charges.

There has’ been talk
that the local shipping
companies could switch:
to roll-on roll-off (ro-ro)
freighters . because of
the advantages of the
system and the. type of
jeargo« that .is moved
{along the. South African
Coast. -


LIBERIA

BRIEFS

NEW RICE POLICY--The Ministry of Commerce Industry and Transportation has
announced that the PL-480 American parboiled rice will be purchased
according to categories. Disclosing this during a press conference at
the Commerce Ministry yesterday, Commerce Minister Mrs Mcleod Darpoh

said that the PL-480 US parboiled rice will be distributed according to
the "PL-480 SALES POLICY FOR 1986." According to the PL-480 sales policy
"recognized established firms that are not indebted to the PL-480 program
rice stabilization fund" and the Liberia Produce Marketing Corporation,
as well as those who have met it and complied with the regulations of the
Commerce Ministry, will be benefited under the new policy. The policy also
calls for cash on delivery (COD) or bank guarantee to cover the line of
credit for a maximum of 30 days and money for purchases of the PL-480
rice to’be paid directly into specified account #624 at the Agriculture
Co-operative and Development Bank (ACDB). It equally affords the oppor-
tunity for distributors to take a minimum ordered quantity of 5,000 bags
of rice. The policy states that a 100 1b bag of rice for ex-ship will
be purthased at $21.30, ex-ware house price of $21.65, while dealers who
receive the rice from distributors will have the rice purchased for $22.30.
“Other large consumers and buyers, including educational institutions,
hospitals, rural development projects, etc., will receive the rice at a
price of $22.70 prior to the approval of the Rice Committee through its
Chairman, the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Transportation. [Text]
[Monrovia DAILY STAR in English 23 Jul 86 pp 1, 7] /9317

CSO: 3400/422

17



SOUTH AFRICA

FOUR SURFACE-TO-SURFACE MISSILE CARRIERS ASSIGNED TO CAPE WATERS

_Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Aug 86 p 15

[Text]

/9317

CAPE TOWN. —Four
surface-to-surface mis-
sile carriers are to be
stationed

Simonstown. _

Rear-Admiral Chris
Bennett said the first
ship, the as-yet unnamed
P1569, had already been
assigned to Cape waters
and would be joined by
the others in the next two
to three years.

All nine of the Minis-
ters Class strike’ craft
were previously stationed
in Durban.

Admiral Bennett said®

having the ships in the
Cape would add substan-
tial punch to the new Na-
val Command: West’s ar-

which carry six Skerpioen
(Gabriet 11) missiles, have
been in -seryice. since
1978.

Admiral Bennett said
he had no doubt about
their capability in heavy
seas around the Cape.

“If they are treated cor-
rectly and stupid antics

CSO: 3400/396

‘The 430-ton vessels,

are not carried out in bad
weather, I don't. see any |

ee ships would i

According to Jane's
Fighting Ships, the 4
three were built bait in Hains}
Israel, between Septem-
ber 1977 and May 1978. oi

the South African Navy
was intended to reduce
the number of support
staff and make more men
available to serve in ac-
tive posts, Admiral Ben-
nett said.

‘” He said the transition
started at the begining of

» the year with the forma-

46

tion ‘ot Naval Command
West with headquarters
at Silvermine and Naval
Command. East with
headquarters in Durban.
* It came about because
complications arose in the
structure of the navy
: when it moved its head-
quarters from Simons-
jtown to Pretoria about
\five years ago.
\ The old command
“structure was complex
swith an excessively high
staff requirement and du-
plication of :personnel.
‘There: was also a fair
amount of conflict.of in-
terest within the “ com-
{ mands, he said. °
“A committee was es-
tablished in the navy a
few years ago to investi-
gate streamlining. It
made recommendations
j which were passed on to
the Geldenhuys Conimit-
tee, which accepted them.
‘ “Out of the investiga-
‘tion came the: knowledge
;that we needed to simpli-
_fy our lines of command.’-

|Sapa.-



ALL-RACE COLLEGE PLANNED--An all-race college, to be funded by the private
sector, has been mooted for the old Escom training centre at Henley-on-Klip
south of Johannesburg. "The aim of this type of education is to select

the potential leaders of the next decade and prepare them for tertiary edu-
cation," said Richard Todd, a member of the newly-formed Henley Senior
College Trust. "The college will be modeled on All Saints, which was set

up at Bisho, outside King William's Town in January and will cater for highly
motivated youngsters of all races." [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in
English 8 Aug 86 p 3] /9317

"BRAIN DRAIN' INCREASES--South Africa's brain drain is.inereasing. During
the first 6 months of this year, there has been’a record loss of skilled and
professional workers. The net migration loss climbed. to 3,542 people, and
economists say they do not expect a slowdown in the number of emigrants.
They say the unrest, lack of. confidence in government's sincerity in abolish-
ing apartheid, a tightening sanctions campaign, and the stagnating economy
are persuading young professionals to. leave South Africa. ‘The 7,000 emi-
grants in the 6 months to June included 1,200 professional and technical
workers. [Text] [Umtata Capital Radio in English 0700 GMT 19 Aug 86 MB]
/6662 :

DURBAN SWIMMING POOLS OPEN .TO ALL--Durban's ‘municipal swimming pools are
open to all races from today and, ‘as Carmel. Rickard reports, it turns out
they always have been. ..[Rickard]. The Durban city. council has discovered
that municipal swimming. pools under its control never have been segregated
under. any by-law so from today this situation will.be reflected in official
policy, and all races will be able to'use the pools. Some months ago, the
council began a move to.desegregate its pools, after complaints that the
city center baths.were for the-use of whites only. In their investigations
on how to open the pools, the council discovered there. were no regulations
setting aside different swimming baths for different racial groups. It
was just that everyone had. assumed the by-laws existed. Now, 15 pools are
open, but one is still covered by regulations segretating its use.. That

is the tidal pool. at The Bluff, which is governed by beach by-laws, and they
can be changed only with provincial ‘approval. [Text] [Umtata Capital Radio
in English 0500 GMT 20 Aug 86 MB] | /6662

cs0: ° 3400/412

91



New Port Communications System

The port of ‘Beira is. equipped with a new communications system. The new sys-
tem currently installed in that complex is of the radio type, with a radius
of about 2.5 kilometers in distance. Each inspector has one of these walkie-
talkie sets in order to carry out internal communications, as our reportéet
learned.

We also discovered ‘that the construction of a container depot covering an area
of 34,000 square meters is well under way. Its storage capacity is 2,800
containers in two rows. :

This undertaking has been budgeted at 55,000 contos, 20 percent of which is
in foreign currency, financed by the Netherlands Government.

This project, awarded to the Portuguese firm, Technical. Constructions, is
part of the "ro-ro" [roll-on/roll-off] petroleum docks project, ‘the work on
which is virtually completed. At the present time the marginal retention work
is being executed on the depot, using geotextile and: wood chip fibers: For —
the same project, the materials for a lighting system have already been
acquired in the Netherlands.

2909'
GSO: 3442/282

29



LIBERIA

FORMER VICE PRESIDENT ON RECONCILIATION OFFER
AB311140 Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 2000 GMT. 29 Jul 86

‘[Text] Well, .the attempts of reconciliation by President Doe are tottering on.
Things reached an all time low just after last year's much-talked-about civilian
rule elections, then it was followed by a bloody coup attempt, put now the
president has offered an olive branch to Liberia's exiles who fled the country
when President Doe himself seized power in 1980. He extended the invitation

on 26 July, Liberia's 139th independence anniversary. During the occasion he
named names, among them former’ Vice President Bishop Vernon Warner, who is now
living in America.

On the line to Washington, BBC's Rick Wells broke the news to Bishop Warner,
. and I [as heard] asked him how he reacted.

[Begin recording] [Warner] I would want to wait until I get some specific
and direct information concerning the offer that ig made by President Doe,
even though I [words indistinct] contact with me.

[Reporter] Have you any idea why such an offer would have been made to you
at this time?

[Warner] Well, I would think that the continued effort to bring about recon-
ciliation and forgetting the past and to also {word indistinct] the economic
situation and the political situation [words indistinct] are at the least part of
that effort, I want to believe. (?1'm not quite sure.)

[Reporter] What do you make of President Doe's attempts so far at reconciliation?
{Warner] Well, I do not think that it has been consistent and it appears to

me that it ig due to pressure from outside. It has not been an inside, genuine
effort at reconciliation, otherwise it would not have taken this long.

[Reporter] Do you think you would have a role to play if you went back now?

13



{more verligte grouping inside the
National Party. . .
“Dr Piet Koomhof became Minister
_ of Plural Relations in 1978. Together
with the Urban Foundation he was to
prove a formidable force in devising
solutions to the resistance strugglers
of Crossroads and their supporters,”
she said. ees

Within days of coming into office,
Koornhof stopped ‘the ° wholesale
removal of Crossroads people and met
with the leaders of the community.
This ushered in a more sophisticated
phase in its history, in which a divide
and rule strategy would have a
profound effect on the leadership and.
the future of the community. ~ °<*

The next phase, involving “the
process of reform and repression
integral to any social restructuring”,
would eventually transform the
Crossroads struggle. It created new
opportunities for. co-option,
corruption and the emergence of a
new political alliance ‘in the
community.

“The increasing bureaucratisation
and undermining “of: democratic
procedures. canbe traced \ to
developments which flowed:out of
Koomhof’s initiatives. “7! <9.

“In the process, Crossroads womer
were removed from the decision-
making positions, "Lads. uf

“Under Koornhof’s dispensation —
which reflected the thinking of the
Riekert Commission <—. certain.
categories of Crossroads. residents’
would qualify under the new housing:
scheme. Those who did not: qualify:
could ‘elect’ to’ retumnto the4
homelands where jobs and. housing:
would be offeréd.. 2) = 0" 3

“Blacks in the urban areas without’
jobs ot housing could expect. much
tighter controls; / 0 *"

“An important feature was the
pivotal role of the: private sector in
providing housing. This was a move
away from’ total 'state .control’ of
housing and once more reflected.
Riekert.” 54. oie

In Cole’s opinion; Koornhof used
Crossroads to test developing
strategies and tactics towards squatter
control and influx regulation. «

57

‘ “Faced as -he. was with the limited
demands,.of the. Crossroads
spokesmen, who on the whole trusted
him and believed in reform, it was not
difficult for him to out-manoeuvre
and eventually co-opt both groupings:
represented by the delegations which
met him: : plot ;

“Struggles. for control of
Crossroads took place in tandem with
the struggle for control from ‘above’.

“Internal struggles were shaped by

State strategiés as well as by social
‘process, The.: restructuring | of
Crossroads required formative and
defensive strategies.. Consent and co-
option were integral to this process.”

During 1978 a new political alliance
began. to- emerge, as eager as
Koornhof to take over. social and
political control of: the. community,
and despite the myth: propagated by
outside organisations involved in the
“Save Crossroads Campaign” that the
community was homogenous.

“The alliance: was led by Johnson
Ngxobongwana who had come to
realise, along with some of the men in
the community, that political control
of Crossroads meant control over. the
community’s ‘economic resources and
the ‘resources promised by outside
organisations.”

In August 1978, elections. for a
Crossroads, chairman were held.
Nqxobongwana won and appointed
Oliver Memani as his vice chairman
and fourteen “others. to .a central
01 oo

“This “committee then began to
restructure Crossroads to its own
plans. It'soon became apparent there,

was little room for political dissent.

Those who challenged the new
authority found themselves faced with
représsion,” in the shape of the

homeguard system. ©

rhe (31 evadually formed itself-into a
semi-police unit, under Sam Ndima, 2
loyal Nqxobongwana man. Residents
began |referring’to. wardsmen~ as
headmen,' What one was beginning to
see'was-an, alliance between the
‘traditional sector and: the aspirant
petty-bourgeoisie. ©



ECONOMIC

19987

Israeli Trade Mission Shrouded in Secrecy

(THE CITIZEN, 8, 13 Aug 86) .....0.05 Peete ere een eeeceeeeeccee

Seeking Change in Investments
Financial Incentives for Jews

East London Harbor Activities on Upswing in Spite of Recession

(Angela Peat; DAILY DISPATCH, 30 Jul 86) ..

Licensing Required for Swedish Firms To Trade

(Ronald Niklasson; SVENSKA DAGBLADET, 3 Jul 86) ......ceceecuee

Danish, French Coal Import Ban Hurting Mines
(Christian Palme; DAGENS NYHETER, 1 Aug 86)

92

92

92

94

96

98


"If the radicalist leftist liberal onslaught is to be overcome, everyone with
the interests of education at heart, will have to come forward--and this can
only be achieved by your readiness to fight for differentiated education,"
the minister said.

The president of the Teachers Association of South Africa (TASA), Mr Pat
Samuels, said today a single education.department. would not only eliminate
inequalities in education for the difrerent races, but would also allow for
a closer understanding between communities.

"There is nothing leftist about that," he said.

/6662
cso: 3400/412 \

89



TANZANIA

BRIEFS

SOVIET LOAN--Tanzania is to be provided with a loan amounting to over

890 million shillings from the Soviet Union to boost the production of oil
seeds in the country, including those for castor-oil and vegetable oil. The
agreement was signed yesterday by the principal secretary in the Ministry of
Finance, Planning and Economic Affairs, Ndugu Gilman Rutihinda, and the Soviet
ambassador to Tanzania, Illarionov. Under the agreement, the Soviet Union
Government will assist in expanding some government and cooperative farms
where the crops are grown. The Soviet Union will also assist in the re-
habilitation of two castor-oil processing factories. Ndugu Rutihinda said
that the Government of Tanzania was satisfied with the loan because of its
reasonable terms. [Text] [Dar es Salaam Domestic Service in Swahili 0400 GMT
13 Aug 86 EA] /8309

CSO: 3400/407

34



SOUTH AFRICA

LICENSING REQUIRED FOR SWEDISH FIRMS TO TRADE
Stockholm SVENSKA DAGBLADET in Swedish 3 Jul 86 p 27
[Article by Ronald Niklasson: '"Seventy-Six Firms Trade With South Africa"]

[Text] Yesterday for the first time the Commerce Board published a list of
Swedish companies that had received licenses to trade with South Africa.

As of 1 July a trading license is required for all trade with South Africa.

There were 72 firms that applied for and received export licenses, while only
four applied for and were granted import licenses for trade with South Africa.

Hernia National, Inc. in Norrkoping was granted a permit to import Fischer-
Tropsch wax, a kind of hard wax used in a liquid glue manufactured by Hernia.
The firm will import 100 tons of wax a year at a cost of 1 million kronor.

"go far we have been forced to buy this wax from South Africa because it is
not manufactured anywhere else. But now Esso is trying to bring out a substi-
tute wax that we might be able to use," said Mats Blomqvist, purchasing di-
rector for Hernia National.

Not Influenced

"TI do not think we will be influenced by the fact that our transactions with
South Africa will now be made public. It is clear that there is a risk that
people might boycott our consumer products. For example they could stop buy-
ing Hernia wallpaper paste and that would affect us negatively."

Swede Chrome, Inc. in Malmo has been granted a license to import 7,000 tons
of chrome ore from South Africa. The company will use the chrome ore in a
ferrochromium factory that is now being started up in Malmo.

"The fact that we are buying South African chrome ore is entirely an economic
issue," said Goran Wahlberg, president of Swede Chrome. "Chrome ore from
South Africa is the cheapest, but we also import it from the United States

and other countries."

96



ZAIRE

BRIEFS

FRANCE DONATES RADIO TRANSMITTERS--Kinshasa, 3 Aug (AZAP/PANA)+-France has just
donated to Zaire some frequency modulation radio transmitters whose total cost
has been put at 11.5 million Zaires (1 Fr equals about 8 Zaires).

Claude Aristide Epervier, French ambassador to Zaire, handed over the transmitters
to Ramazani Baya, Zairian state commissioner for information, press and posts
and telecommunications, at a ceremony held on Friday in Kinshasa. It is pointed
out that within the framework of strengthening cooperation in the field of
information,.France, last March donated a consignment of equipment comprising,
among other items, some 49 Siemens t~-100 teleprinter machines and spare parts,
to the Zairian News Agency in order to enable this national agency to renew its
equipment. [Text] [Dakar PANA in French.1031,GMT 3 Aug 86] /8309

CSO: 3400/407

37