If there are reservations, the U.S. may have to juggle with various details
of the formula that will remove the 20,000 Cuban troops from Angola during
the course of the SWA settlement process.

Then the U.S. will have to try to ensure South Africa and Angola agree on terms
conveyed by the American go-betweens.

Meanwhile the Western five continues its work of negotiating with South Africa,
the Frontline States and SWAPO, to settle remaining elements in phase two of
the negotiations over SWA--the composition of the United Nations Transition
Assistance Group (UNTAG), where they will be deployed, how UN impartiality
will be arranged to both sides' satisfaction, and monitoring of South African
and SWAPO bases during the election campaign.

South Africa and the U.S. regard most of these issues as settled. The remain-
ing details of which countries‘will make up the UN force and other minor
questions are not expected to cause any serious stumbling. blocks.

At the same time South Africa is now talking to the UN directly. To arrange
the mechanics of the UN operation, right down to the location of the offices
of the UN special representative and the South African adminsitrator-general,
and how far they will be from each other.

Cuban troops are the critical question. Recent raids into southern Angola may
be another cause’for Angolan delay, and there is no reason to expect the
position tobe clear this month.

Various alternatives for the Cuban withdrawal and interconnected ceasefire
are being discussed, and nothing is in a final form.

If there is an impasse at that point, according to a number of experienced
negotiators close to the talks, it may be necessary for a high-level American
to step in to'do some arm-twisting.

Doctor Crocker has master“minded the negotiations, and brought in the Reagan
administration's ambassador-at-large, General Vernon Walters, to add diplomatic
muscle. But they may need higher level and concerted interest by Americans
with political clout to complete the job.

Sources close to all parties to the negotiations, from South Africa to the
Frontline States to American officials, say there may be a strong need for

the secretary of state, Mr George Shultz, or even President Reagan himself,

to ensure that any resisting party stay on board for implementation of the SWA
settlement and the Cuban withdrawal.

Pretoria may see that as an opportunity forthe prime minister, Mr P. W. Botha,
to make a visit to the Oval Office, with all the diplomatic advantages of

such a trip. The Reagan administration is likely to want to. see the settlement
signed and sealed before agreeing to'a Reagan-Botha meeting.

55



LIBERIA

BRIEFS

MILITARY RELATIONS--Defense Minister Albert Karpeh has hailed what he called
the improved relationship between the Liberian Army and U.S. Military Mission
to Liberia, Minister Karpeh made the remark yesterday during the introduc-
tory occasion of Colonel James L, Glaze who replaces Colonel Shaun T, Malloy
as Chief of the U.S. Military Mission to Liberia, Minister Karpeh said
Liberia and United States would continue to enjoy areas of cooperation,
understanding and friendship for the betterment of the two nations and their
peoples. He described Colonel Malloy as an intimate friend of the Liberian
Army and government of the PRC. In response, Colonel Glaze pointed out that
his administration would further promote friendly ties which already existed
between Liberia and the United States. [Excerpt] [Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER
in English 4 Aug 82 p 10]

cso: 4700/1728

21



NOTE

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transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
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Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
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the struggle of the sister nation of The Gambia against Senegalese expan-
sionism.

On the national level,

the congress,

In view of

--Imperialistic domination over our nation (particularly by France);

--The unprecedented crisis in the neocolonialist system, which has augmented
our country's political dependence on and military allegiance to France}

--The deterioration in living conditions for vast masses of people;

--And the attempts by the neocolonialist regime to solve the crisis by
tossing it into the lap of the working classes,

Reaffirms’

That the current stage in our nation's fight is that of the National Demo—
cratic People's Revolution. The task of this revolution is to liquidate
imperialist domination and to overthrow the politicobureaucratic bourgeoisie
and feudalism. Its objective is to build a socialist society under the lead-
ership of the proletariat.

Defines
As the central task of this era, that of contributing to the formation of the

proletariat into an autonomous, avantgarde political force capable of leading
the revolutionary fight for a new democracy. Consequently it

Considers
The alliance of the working class with the farming population as a nucleus
around which all revolutionary classes and social strata must be mobilized

in the struggle against imperialism, against bureaucratic capitalism and
feudalism;

Calls

On all cadres and militants to labor valiantly at their respective battle
stations to stimulate or to become strongly bonded with the mass protest
movement and elevate it to the struggle for a new democracy;

Warns

The patriotic forces against recovery attempts, against reformism and "elec-
toralist" illusions;

64



CSO:

one employer for at
least ten years.

Not only is her fu-
ture bleak, her depen-
dents and the younger’

generation are the
hardest hit. Since she
has no home of her
own (as even in her
proclaimed “home-
“land”, she has lost con-
tact with her next of
kin) the vicious circle
of the pass laws will,
continue. .

Her eldest daughter.
aged: 18, applied for a
reference book in
Standerton as well. -

M& “Tsotetsi’s. only.
sister also had-to. go to-
Standerton’ when she
applied for one in
1970. The two had to
sleep overnight at the
Standerton Station as
they have no relatives
there: They had to re-
port at the administra-
tive offices early in the

_Morning. _

The Tsotetsis de-
pend on piece jobs for
survival. They may not
get accommodation in
the black townships,
nor can they get em-
ployment as “unquali-
fied persons.” The em-
ployers would be risl
ing a penalty of R500
or three months im-
prisonment.

4700/1731

The. penalty is to be

raised to. R5 000 or 12
months jail, according
to the new Black Per-
Sons Bilfawhich will be
presented to the 1983
session of Parliament.

The Black Sash, a
voluntary organisation
which aids people with
influx taws problems.
have many such cases.

Scores of women,
many of them work-
seekers from the
homelands. have fallen
prey to pass raids. And
the new bill. which is
seemingly a more re-
strictive structure of
influx control. will
bear no sympathy.

+ The black female
domestic-servant from
the ‘homelands: has’ to
be registered with one
employer fora. 12-
month period. And
according to the public.
relations officer for the
‘Department of Co-op-
eration and Devel-
‘opment, the woman
cannot work for other
“employers within the
same period. “

This means that the
black servant is at the
mercy of her em-
ployer. When the con-
tract period has ex-
pired, the domestic
servant has to re-dpply

75

for another contract at
her homeland’s em-
ployment bureau.

Another Section of
black women whose
spirits have been
dampened by the pass
laws are the wives of
migrant labourers. For
the past few years they.
have managed to
spend a few days with
their husbands (most
of them hostel in-
mates) as sub-tenants
in ghetto houses.

Fhe new bill im-
poses severe penalties
‘on people found with-
out permission in an
urban area between 10
pm and 5 am and on
those who give them il-
legal accommodation.

In-her summary on
the bill, the president
of the Black Sash. Ms
Sheena Duncan states
that it will serve. to in-
crease the dire poverty
already. existing in
those areas.

_ Black women in the
homelands flocked in
seores to the city in
search of food. And
the rigid .influx laws
(which are imple-
mented in the form of
passbooks) “slam the
door shut in the face of
landless, rural people
who have come to
town to seek survival.”



He said Kenyans were caught unawares by the chaotic happening on August 1.
He said investigations would be carried out to ascertain what went wrong.
He noted that there was an effective intelligence network in the armed forces.

Recalling the events of August 1, the minister said some KAF rebels had driven
in a convoy from Nanyuki to Nairobi at 3 p.m. on Saturday (July 31) in
preparation for their planned coup bid.

Mr. Kariuki said he pitied the families of those involved in the attempted
coup. He said there also had been some cases of rape.

He said the destruction caused by the rebels would lead to many people losing
jobs.

Mr. Kariuki said future KAF soldiers must be subjected to very strict
discipline. He said the government had been spending huge sums of money
to feed and provide them with their tools of work.

The rally was also addressed by Laikipia East MP Charles Muthura, nominated
MP Kanyugo Wakahora, Laikipia DC [District Commissioner] Peter Karibu,
KANU sub-branch chairman David Gitumbi, Nanyuki mayor Gateru and

Laikipia county council chairman Solomon Kinguru.

cso: 4700/1718



[Answer] We pray to God that ‘the chairmanship of the new session will.not
be assigned to al-Qadkdhafi. If al-Qadhdhafi becomes the chairman this will
be regrettable and will harm the Arab-African cooperation. Al-Qadhdhafi is
the "disease" that afflicts Arab-African cooperation. He is also a disease
because he hates the Arabs.

[Question] What is your opinion concerning the attempt of the African
foreign ministers who met in Tripoli to convene the summit conference
without a preparatory meeting or without quorum and their attempt to come up
with resolutions?

[Answer]. This is a deviation from logic. It is even the "law of the jungle."

The OAU has a pact and a system that have to be followed. Without this frame- |
work, it is not possible that anyone will accept what is going on in Libya
because each OAU member has its recognized right and everything has to proceed
according to a sensible system. Anything contrary to this is unacceptable.

[Question] There is a suggestion calling for an emergency summit conference
to which all leaders will be invited in order to get out of the current OAU
crisis; what. is your opinion?

[Answer] If the majority agree Somalia will not refuse to attend such an
emergency conference, but there is one condition, that it should be held
somewhere else other than Libya.

[Question] But don't you believe that the current. situation of the organiza-
tion threatens its future and will create. divisions within it?

[Answer] There is no doubt about this. In my opinion the solution lies with
the African leaders who must act quickly to get the OAU out of what it is in
now by consulting each other. The solution also is that al-Qadhdhafi

should not become the OAU chairman during this session and that the African
states should not. be subjected to his leadership.

[Question] Do you see that the Arab-African dialogue will succeed? And will
this [dialogue] be revived by Egypt's return to the Arab rank?

[Answer] In fact there is no doubt that the Arab-African dialogue is rather
necessary. It is in the interests of both sides because both Africa and the
Arabs require it and because our circumstances as Arabs and Africans are
similar.

As for Egypt, it is the Arab homeland. I believe it is necessary for Egypt to
return to the Arab ranks as soon as possible. Egypt cannot remain outside our

ranks because Egypt needs the Arabs and the Arabs need it. It has to assume
its role whether on the African level or the Arab level.

cso: 4704/24

70



But we can already see that there is a heavy demand for housing. Every Monday
about 400 persons apply at my office. It would be well to specify here that
the housing construction projects already in progress are continuing.

[Question] Some have charged that the preceding government neglected the
middle class in its housing programs. To what extent does this problem remain
one of your concerns?

[Answer] The MMM/PSM/OPR [Organization of the Rodrigues People] government
is persuaded that while multiplying its efforts to build housing for the eco-
nomically needy, it should provide a place in its housing programs for the
middle class. In this connection, I recently met with the director of the
Central Housing Corporation, and we reached agreement on resumption of the
program for building housing on private lots. Plans call for the CHA to
build housing units at its own cost and then offer them on a higher purchase
basis. The Mauritius Housing Corporation is called upon to play a predom—
inant role in this project.

At the same time, within the general context of the government policy, we will
appeal to the voluntary sector to contribute in the construction field. .

[Question] The lack of an infrastructure in the newly built settlements is
causing many problems. How does the new government plan to resolve them?

[Answer] We are aware of the inconveniences experienced by the residents in
the settlements without infrastructures. In some cases, individuals who have
purchased housing in a settlement but refuse to live there until the necessary
infrastructure is in place are paying double rent. It is also necessary to
mention the problems caused by the lack of water and electricity, imposing a
heavy daily burden on the settlement residents. In this connection, the hous—
ing minister will appoint a coordination committee made up of representatives
of that ministry as well as technicians from the Central Water Authority,
Central Electricity Board and Ministry of Works.

We want to work toward having all the housing units built provided with the
necessary infrastructures.

Meanwhile, in this connection, a program covering 53 settlements has already
been drafted and implementation begun.

The policy of this government also calls for providing settlements with green
areas, athletic grounds, nurseries and schools. Urban settlements need to be
humanized. We want to improve the quality of life in the urban settlements
and in the sugar industry "camps." An overall policy will be defined to this
end.

[Question] What progress has been made on the plan to resettle the victims
of hurricanes?

[Answer] The government has already made it known that those still living in

schools and similar facilities, as well as the fire victims, will have pri-
ority when it comes to housing.

28



GOVERNMENT AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT

Lusaka SUNDAY TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 1

text]

THE Government will invest
nearly K80 million into the
agricultural sector in 1982.
According to the Third Na-
tional ‘ Development Plan
(TNDP) annual report for 1982
tabled in Parliament, agri-
cutural production targets for
various crops have been laid
down for the first time.
Measures will be taken
during the year fo devise ways
and means of publicising these
targets and taking steps to-
wards their realisation. .
The Government __ will
strengthen extension services,
increase areas under cultiva-
tion and ensure edequate and
timely supplies of agricultural
inputs as part of the measures.
Other measures will involve
appropriate adjustment _ of

cso: 4700/1729

99

producer prices. and other
financial incentives to all
farmers.

The Government has also
pledged further development
of potential State farms, Rural
Reconstruction Centres, Zam-
bia National Service pro-
duction units and the lima
programme.

The report noted that the
1980-81 agricultural season
turned out to be highly satis-

factory.

“A 9.8 per cent rate of
growth in 1980-81 season was
achieved as compared to 3.2
per cent recorded in the 1979-
80 season.”

It is the view of the report
that the 1981-82 season will
not maintain the levels of pro-
duction of the 1980-81 season.

ZAMB TA.



[Question] How do you assess the work of the Mauritius Council of Social
Services?

[Answer] The Mauritius Council of Social Services, which includes a certain
number of volunteer social organizations, has done admirable work with the
neglected social groups in society.

To the extent that we have always said that we believe in volunteer aid as one
of the means of helping the country, the government will give this organiza—
tion special attention and all the assistance requested.

[Question] We know of your interest in the drug problem in Mauritius. What
will the first efforts of the government be in this connection?

[Answer] Until an interministerial committee representing the Ministries of
Health, Education, National Solidarity and Information can study the matter,
and in view of the decadent situation existing in this sector, it has seemed
to us that the urgent need is to see to it that the authorities assume their
responsibilities with regard to the major dealers who have in the past bene-
fited from a certain protection.

By way of feedback, I can say that I am not at all satisfied with how things

are developing. I plan to take up this problem with the prime minister, so
that our good intentions and our determination can be converted into action.

5157
cso: 4719/1220

35



cso:

4700/1736

dent of the South West
African Agricultural
Union, Mr Hansie van
der Walt, described the
farming situation in
SWA at present as
“catastrophic”. ~

He said drastic steps
would have to be taken
soon to prevent a fur-
ther deterioration in
the situation. H

‘A 25 percent decline
in the number of eco-
nomically-active farm-

ers in the territory, a’

devastating © drought;
political uncertainty
and other related prob-
lems were having a crip-
pling effect on the agri-
cultural industry.

The problems were
also a direct. cause of

unemployment in the’

territory, he said.

The conference also
heard that South Afri-
ca’s policies of tariff
protection and import
control “adversely af-

fected secondary indus-'

trial development in
SWA”. —

60

The general manager
of the First National
Development Corpora-
tion (ENOK), Mr Johan
Lerm, appealed to the
authorities to negotiate
with the South African
Government to secure
the involvement of
SWA in the formulation
of industrial growth
policies. .

South Africa’s poli-
cies on customs and ex-
cise did not necessarily
coincide with the best
economic interest of
SWA.

“I request the Gov-
ernment to negotiate
with the Republic of
South Africa to ensure
that SWA is involved in
the formulation of cus-
toms and import con-
trol policy to ensure
that industrial develop-
ment in SWA is not re-
tarded artificially,” he
said.

st incentives pro-
vided by South Africa

to encourage the estab-'
lishment and growth of
industry in the republic
had placed SWA at a
disadvantage,.--Sapa



institution, such as to meet the aspirations of the entire people. In short,
the ministry policy will be a realistic one. Currently the MBC is too much
focused on foreign news. More than 60 percent of the news is foreign. We
must develop domestic talent and competent cadres. We will establish a press
agency. The ministry will serve as a go-between for the other ministries.
We will maintain a continuing dialogue with the print media. The law will be
amended so as to safeguard the total freedom of the press.

[Question] Where the print media are concerned, have you an overall plan to
benefit journalists?

[Answer] I hope that all journalists will join in a single firm association
so that the government can enter into continuing dialogue with the press. I
believe that a newsman should have a reasonable salary because this is a noble
profession. I also plan to negotiate with friendly countries with a view to
obtaining study scholarships for journalists. We have decided that a newsman
will accompany the prime minister on each major trip. I am confident that the
written press will play its role in the interests of the masses in Mauritius.
I discourage any foreign intervention through the newspapers. I think that
the written press will have its word to say in national reconciliation and re—
construction.

[Question] The prohibition on pornographic and erotic films was ill received
by the importers and the owners of movie houses, who claim that this decision
is likely to lead to dismissals and the closing of theaters. What is your
view?

[Answer] I stand by my decision. There has been too loose a policy. The
degradation of society was perpetuated by the outgoing government, in con-
nivance with certain individuals attempting to corrupt the youth. We are not
going to allow the owners of moving picture theaters or the importers to
destroy Mauritian society. We have not introduced anything new. We have
merely implemented the law approved by the outgoing government. The number
of censors will be reduced from 548 to 100. In this connection, the govern—
ment will amend the cinematographic ordinance in the assembly Tuesday. An
advisory panel will be established to advise the minister. Once the decision
is made, I will not retreat from my responsibilities. One can no longer go
to see a good French film with one's family. There are several schools of
thought. There are those who think that these films should be shown in two
or three special theaters, while another group thinks that there should be a
special day for such films. We will find a solution through dialogue. For
the time being, there is no question of reversal.

[Question] You are also minister of cooperatives. What do you plan to do to
get the cooperatives going again?

[Answer] The salvation of Mauritius lies with the cooperatives. I plan to
get the cooperative movement going again in all sectors so that there will be
a revolution in this sector by 1987. Mauritius will then constitute a model
for the Indian Ocean area and Africa. I have already begun work on a

31



circumstances imposed by the reactionary Senegalese Government and its mil-
itary occupation of Gambia.

A very cordial message was presented to the congress by the delegation from
the Italian Marxist-Leninist Party.

The congress then heard and adopted the executive committee's central report,
presented by Comrade Landing Savane, who first traced the movement's history,
then analyzed the international, regional and national situations in their
various aspects, and then gave a precise picture of AND-JEF/s nature and of
the tasks before the movement, both short and long term.

The international situation is characterized by an unprecedented deepening of
the crisis in the imperialist world, which considerably aggravates the con-
tradictions inherent in capitalism.

This results in a continuing deterioration of living and working conditions
for the masses, thereby increasing the pauperization of the working people.

The other characteristic feature of this situation is the relentless rivalry
of the imperialist powers, primarily the two superpowers (the U.S. and the
USSR), for a reapportionment of their spheres of influence through war.

This is why the congress chose to contribute to a strengthening of the inter-
national solidarity of the proletariat, and of the peoples and oppressed
nations against the schemings of the two superpowers and for an increasingly
active struggle against imperialism, hegemony and all world reaction.

On a subregional level, the congress feels that imperialist domination has
considerably aggravated the crises in a large number of countries in our
region, which has become a broad terrain for neocolonialist exploitation and
oppression, in which our country, Senegal, plays a leading role as a stepping
stone for the expansion of Western imperialism.

The annexationist policy of the Senegalese Government in Gambia, the involve-
ment of its army in various African conflicts, and the French military pres-
ence on our soil remain as so many dangers to our country, our people and all
people of the subregion.

The congress:

Strenuously condemns Moroccan expansionism and demands the recognition of the
SDAR as an active member of OAU;

Renews its expression of friéndship for the people of Mauritania, Mali, Gambia
in their struggle against neocolonialism;

Calls on the democratic and patriotic movement to actively fight against the
Senegalese Government's annexationist policy towards Gambia, and to support

63



REACTION TO MEALIE MEAL PRICE INCREASE UNFAVORABLE

ZAMBIA

Silimba's, Traders Association Statement

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 9 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

WORKERS have been hit ‘where it hurts” by the new

mealie meal prices.

This was said by the Natio-
nal Union of Plantation and
Agricultural Workers whose
general secretary, Mr Stephen
Silwimba hit out at obstinate
commercial farmers who
refuse to raise workers’ sala-
ties to help cope with price
increases on commodities.

Mr Silwimba said in Kabwe
at the weekend he did not
understand the logic by the
authorities in raising the
prices of maize and other
crops while _ ignoring the
plight of agricultural workers
who ensured they produced a
good crop.

“If the monthly salary of
this agricultural worker is
K39 and he must buy a bag of
mealie meal at K22, how is he
going to buy kapenta, bread
and milk?

“How is he going to pay for
water, electricity and other
council rates. Do you expect
such a worker to get married
and maintain his family?”’ he
asked.

In Zimbabwe, workers in
the agricultural industry
received a minimum of K80
while in Malawi the wages
were the same as in Zambia

“Although the salary of a
worker in the Malawi agricul-
tural sector is the same as
that paid to his Zambian
counterpart, the strength of
the Malawi Tambala cannot
be equated to our Kwacha..

“In short, the cost of living
in Malawi is cheaper than
ours.

“So, you can see that the
recentiy’ anrounced miealie
meal prices have really hit our
workers in the agricultural
industry, and other lowly paid
employees in Government,
Parastatal companies and the
private sector where it hurts
most."”

He attacked commercial
farmers, especially those in
the Southern Province for
neglecting their workers.

“They do not listen to the
genuine complaints of the
workers and refuse to sit down
with us to discuss the
problems of their wor!

100

“When we suggest salary
increases to match with the
rising cost of living, they say
they cannot consider such
proposals because the cost of
fertilisers has gone up.’”

And the Active Traders
Association, said the new
mealie meal prices have only
benefited bachelors and those
in high income brackets.

“We as traders are not
happy,’’ the association said
in a statement signed by its
chairman Mr Johnston
Chembe. .

Zambia had a small popu-
lation and he wondered how
the Government ‘‘failed’’ to
feed the people.

“Increasing prices on esse-
ntial commodities is not the
solution to inflation.”

Mr Chembe said any price
increase created further hikes
in other items. ‘‘This creates
a vicious circle where you have
no development.”



MAURITIUS

DISCUSSION OF PREVIOUS GOVERNMENT'S ECONOMIC REPORT PLANNED
Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT in French 7 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] A thorough review of the previous government's
economic and financial report may be held at Quatre-
Bornes in the next few weeks.

Speaking Monday afternoon at an appreciation meeting of the MMM-PSM
[Mauritian Militant Movement-Mauritian Socialist Party] Alliance held at
the Milan Theater for the Belle Rose/Quatre-Bornes district, Finance
Minister Paul Berenger, who was elected first deputy of the district, urged
party supporters and interested citizens to have a thorough discussion of
the economic and financial report, which will be made public today. He
also discussed what had been done since the new government took office

and what is still to be done.

Then he took up the question of "best losers," insisting that its abolition
is not on the government's agenda. The question that will be discussed
is the four additional "best losers" who have not yet been designated.

Next he called for orderly discussions. Speaking to the militants of Lalit,
Paul Berenger told them the MMM-PSM is ready to have a dialog with them.

As for the members of FNAS [expansion unknown], it is up to them to decide
whether to belong to MMM or not. Berenger said that all MMM activists
should express their point of view or voice their disagreement in MMM forums.

Kailash Ruhee, the minister of planning, andDevanand Rootoo also spoke to

the audience, which was composed of several thousand people. The meeting
was chaired by Vella Canoosamy.

9516
cso: 4719/1192

41



SOUTH AFRICA

UNSKILLED WORKERS FACE HARD TIMES
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 29 Jul 82 p 2

[text] Unskilled workers in South Africa are going to bear the brunt of
unemployment in the economic recession.

This gloomy prediction is made in the second quarterly economic opinion
survey conducted by the University of Stellenbosch's Bureau for Economic
Research,

The survey based its conclusion on more than 1800 questionnaires completed
by businessmen, It shows that South African firms are opting for capital
intensive production methods rather than for labour intensive measures.

Economic growth is likely to continue to drop and because of this, unemploy-
ment among unskilled workers is likely to increase, the report says.

Daily retrenchments of unskilled or semi-skilled workers bear out these
views.

Assistance

The Johannesburg effices of the Metal and Allied Workers' Union this week
saw groups of recently retrenched workers looking for assistance.

Transvaal branch secretary of the union Mr Moses Mayekiso said retrenchment
often occurred at companies where there was no union presence,

Mawu has formal and informal retrenchment agreements with companies where
it has members.

The union is affiliated to the Federation of South African Trade Unions
which has issued policy statements on retrenchments.

Its guidelines include advance notice to unions of any retrenchments,

compensatory payments to retrenched workers and the all-important principle
of "last in, first out."

C80; 4700/1731

83



was entitled from his firm, as well as biscuits and pasta through his wife,

who worked at Bolama (the. UEE), and soap and oil through his son. So he would
have to grab those products and sell them on the black market so as to be able
to buy, also on the black market, what he needed. To do it, he had to stop
being honest and a good worker, and, of course, he became one more on that

long list of profiteers. He has been selling beer, biscuits, pasta, soap, and
oil on the black market so that he could buy fish, meat, and cornmeal~-also on
the black market--and also so that he could acquire a radio and a refrigerator.
He is rolling in money and always wants more, and this forces him to steal from
his place of employment.

"That's the way it is today: you sell on the black market so you can buy on the
black market!" Those words were overheard in a conversation between friends.
As can be gathered, this situation exists in our country and is most prevalent
in the capital and in a few provinces where products are scarce.

A great number of people are currently contaminated by this plague known as
profiteering. It seems to me that a vaccination would be the best antidote
for eliminating this (normal) abnormality, which is tending to involve more
and more people.

What is the explanation for this? Who is responsible for the situation? Is
it the honest workers--who have no way to cope and, having no access to self-
consumption where they work because ofthe kind of work they do, are forced to
buy on the black market here and there--who are responsible for this situation?

It remains only for us to add that that peaceful citizen has now become a big
profiteer and schemer like so many others. He is rolling in money to the det-
riment of the enterprises where he, his wife, and his son work.

11798
CSO: 4742/348



New Movement To Oppose Sectarianism Launched
(LE MAURICIEN, 10 Jul 82)..

Discussion of Previous Government's Economic Report Planned
(LE NOUVEAU MILITANT, 7 Jul 82).....

Record Sugar Harvest Anticipated This Year
(LE MAURICIEN, 17 Jul 82)........

Teaching in Creole, Bhojpuri To Be Allowed in Schools
(LE MAURICIEN, 12 Jul 82)..

MOZAMBIQUE

Military Cooperation Agreement With Portugal Defended
(NOTICIAS, various dateS)...csscccccccccccccccsnccccesece

No Advice Accepted
'Progressive' Countries Warned
Chissano Remarks

Stress Placed on Resistance to Armed Gangs
(NOTICIAS, 10, 13 Jul 82).... cee cece e cece nee eec cree cree

Workers Military Training
Gorongosa Self-Defense Plans
People's Role

Floating Bridge Over Pungoe River Opened
(NOTICIAS, 17 Jul 82)......

Vocational Training for Vagrants Announced
(NOTICIAS, 16 Jul 82)...

Briefs
Helicopter Accident Victims Buried
Portuguese Road Cooperation

NAMIBIA

‘OBSERVER' Editor Gives SWAPO Over 60 Percent Support
(THE STAR, 27 Jul 82)....ceceeeecec cece ccc cccecenceeeee

Release of SWAPO Documents Is ‘Excuse’
(Editorial; OBSERVER, 7 Aug 82)... -.cececccccccccccesece

U.S. Role in Peace Settlement Analyzed
(John Matisonn; RAND DAILY MAIL, 12 Aug 82).............

SWA Contact Group Rents Offices
(THE CITIZEN, 11 Aug 82).......scccccccccceeeencsecceses

39

41

42

43

44

47

52

53

54

57



establishment of athletic infrastructures within the framework of the organi-
zation of the 1983 games in Mauritius.

For the free zone, Mr Duval suggested the establishment of a central body to
speed up administrative procedures for obtaining the required permits. He
ventured the view that Mauritius is not the only country which offers fiscal
advantages to foreign investors. "It is not enough to provide fiscal advan-
tages. Efficiency in government action in the free zone sector is also
needed," the opposition leader said in substance. Mr Duval expressed the
view that the time lag between submitting documents and the issuance of opera—
tion permits is excessively long. This central body, incorporating the de-
partments of a number of ministries, should speed up these procedures.

It was on the subject of the tourist industry that the opposition leader made
a frontal attack on the foreign policy of the MMM/PSM/OPR government. He
asked for moderation, realism and discretion on the part of the government in
its foreign policy. "The island of Mauritius has a role to play on the inter-
national scene. Our small island is not justified in making startling moves
on the international chessboard," he added. A moderate and realistic foreign
policy could be implemented in terms of the achievement of a half dozen hotel
projects which have currently been suspended. The opposition leader reserved
the right to make a later statement on the economic policy of the government,
saying that the presentation of the budget will provide him with an opportun-
ity to deal with this aspect of the government policy.

At the beginning of his address, Mr Duval congratulated the entire MMM/PSM
team, adding that "The role of any patriot is to believe in the success of
the government and its policy. A government failure would be a threat to our
institutions and to the life of each citizen of Mauritius." He also noted
the confused situation in the civil service concerning the professional
futures of certain employees. He asked that the government speed up pro-
cedures in the civil service and that "if some heads must roll, that they do
so soon."

5157
cso: 4719/1218

38



states in order to work as experts: in the Ethiopian army. Faced with such a
situation, Somalia needs to defénd itself and needs someone to back it.
Naturally the United States has interests in the region and it is its dity
to protect its interests. If Somalia is receiving military aid from the
United States--and this is what actually is happening--it is receiving very
little aid.

[Question] What is the nature of the diplomatic efforts you see ought to be
made in order to rescue the Arab situation from what it is like now?

[Answer] In fact, we in Somalia believe that the division which created
these bad circumstances in the Arab world has only one cause and that is the
disputes that exist within the Arab nation. When we saw that some of the
Arabs, regrettably, became more hostile to us than our enemies themselves--
and some aligned themselves with our enemies+-it is natural that the others
benefit from such circumstances and utilize them against us. We believe
that if we want truly to solve our problems and preserve our interests, there
has to be full Arab cooperation and understanding and our Arabism has to be
practical and not merely speeches.

If the Arab nation is:suffering from intrinsic problems. such as al-Qadhdhafi
and his peculiar behavior, it is necessary to act seriously in order to
unite the Arab ranks and achieve a united Arab stand in order to confront

the problems that we are facing. Not only problems need to be confronted but
also anything which may create a problem that harms the interests of the
Arab nation.

[Question] How do you see the decisions that were adopted by the six-member
committee which stems from the emergency conference of the Arab foreign
ministers and which held its meeting in Jidda recently,. and what about the
steps that will follow in order to implement these resolutions?

[Answer] We support all the resolutions that come from the Arab League
because we are committed to the league's stand and because we believe in its
effective role in serving our essential needs. The resolutions of the six-
member. committee are undoubtedly positive.. Somalia supports any Arab
decision that serves the Palestinian question and achieves gains for it. We
also support any decision that preserves’ the dignity of the Lebanese people
and their right to live in peace,

Concerning the withdrawal of the Palestinians from West Beirut, we support
any collective Arab decision to organize this action.

[Question] What about. the present situation in the OAU and the current meeting
of its foreign ministers in Tripoli, Libya?

[Answer] Is there a ministerial meeting? The meeting has failed. We don't
recognize the Saharan Republic and that is why we boycotted the conference.

[Question] Does this mean that Somalia will boycott all the activities of
the organization during its current session?

69



CABINET APPROVES LEASEHOLD PLAN

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

THE CABINET had ap-
proved new measures to
overcome one of the
major hurdles blocking
the 99-year-leasehold
scheme ‘for blacks, the
Minister of Co-operation
and Development, Dr

Piet Koorntiof, said yes- _

terday.

Speaking at.a Unisa
business-leadership
ar in Pretoria, he
said: “Many towns
where the leasehold
ischeme applies or large
lportions of such towns
have not been surveyed.
The ad hoc approach of
doing the work has not
been satisfactory.

“The lack of surveyed
sites and the high cost of
‘surveying have stood in

4700/1730

the way of the leasehold
system.”

He said the Steyn
Committee had made
recommendations to
speed up the leasehold
system's implementa-
tion.

These recommenda-
tions had been approved
by the Cabinet and were
now effective.

It was estimated. he
said. that there were
about 370 000 resi-
dential stands (exclud-
ing Soweto) that had to
be surveyed.

The view that the cost
of surveying should be -
borne by the purchaser
had been accepted. he

78

the co-operation of all
black. local authorities
concerned as it has such
great benefits.” he said.

“Even if a person gets
a-leasehold right on a
stand with no building
‘on it. theré are schemes
to help people finance
houses.

~The survey pro-
amme will take five to

years to complete

and the Government has
agreed to provide about
R28-million for the

aid the survey
cost would average
about R65 per stand.

A survey programme

\ for Soweto has also been
. drawn up.

SOUTH AFRICA



291103
JPRS 81638

26 August 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2681

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE SS

{20
ACe



ZAMBIA

TNDP NOTES 1982 AIMS, POOR ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN 1981

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 6 Aug 82 pp 1,

[text]

ZAMBIA‘s economy was. so
depressed in 1981 that no
growth took place as measured
against the targets of the Third
National Development Plan
-(INDP).

And the future looks bleak
unless concerted efforts are
made to diversify the export
sector of~the economy. and
increase the output of the
other two directly productive
sectors —. agriculture and
manufacturing.

The most significant fall in
sectoral value occurred in
mining and quarrying where
out of a planned total Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) of
K430 million only K352 million
was recorded. : '

“According to the TNDP
annual pla for. 1982 just’
tabled in Parliament, the 1981 '
annual plan failed to stimulate ©
the recovery of the economy to
the 1977 level and achieve a'
four per cent growth rate over |
the 1977 GDP. a

““As compared to the 1977
the base year of the TNDP, the |
real GDP of 1981 at K1,345 |
million was only 94 per cent of
the real GDP of K1,428 million
of 1977."" +

Transport problems, in
particular deterioration in the '
performance of Tazara and
difficulties at the port of
Dar es Salaam which led to the

cso: 4700/1729

fallin copper exports, com-
plicated Zambia's foreign
exchange situation in 1981.
“Despite considerable in-
vestment that has been under-
taken in strengthening the
transport and communication!
facilities over the last few!

years, the sector's perfor-
mance in 1981 was far below
its planned level and - also
fell by 4.0 per cent as com-
pared to its level in 1980."”

Difficulties in buying addi-
tional buses for the United
Bus Company of Zambia
(UBZ) and delays in traffic
movement on Zambia Rail-
ways were some of the reasons
‘contributing ~ to the ‘poor
performance.

In the manufacturing sector
shift to the use of locally

available raw materials and

inputs did not take place
significantly during the year
under review.

There was however, good |

news for the construction
sector where despite the fall
in Government capital ex-
penditure, the output almost
reached its planned target.
The external factors on
which the country had little
control were ‘“‘largely fes-
ponsible for depressing the
performance of the economy

104

in 1981,"* the report savs.

The annual plan for 1982 is
being formulated against the
poor performance of the evo-
nomy in 1981 and pessimistic
forecasts for ‘*behaviour’’ of
copper prices for 1982.

The principal objectives of
the TNDP 1982 plan are:

@ To. stimulate domestic
production of commodities to
attain the level of the real
GDP obtaining in 1977 the
base year of the TNDP;

@ To diversify the export
sector of the economy in order
to lessen its dependence on
production and exports ot
copper;

De:

pite the failure of
rains in the 1981-82 planting
season, effort would continue
to intensify the implementa-
tion of the operation food pro-
duction ‘programme launched
in 1980 and thus raise substan-
tially the potential of the eco-
nomy to increase agricultural
productior
@ Diversify the manufactur-
ing sector through setting up
of agro-based _ small-scale
industries and village indus-
tries in all parts of the country.
@ And to redeploy the local
labour force in agriculture
industry, mining and construc-
tion sectors to create employ-
ment opportunities.



Rampeta Assassination Suspect's Body Found
(THE CLTELZEN, 10 Aug 82).....sseeeeccecccces

LIBERIA

Doe Appoints Committee To Review Companies’ Duty Free
Privileges
(Rufus Marmah Darpoh; DAILY OBSERVER, 4 Aug 82)......

Multi-Million Dollar Fishing Company To Start Soon
(J.M. Cassell; DAILY OBSERVER, 6 Aug 82).....sccerececceee

Minister Announces Partial Collection of Funds Owed to
Public Bodies
(Samuel Johnson; NEW LIBERIAN, 5 Aug 82).......

Drivers Union Volunteers To Deliver Rural Mail
(Gregory Dembo Jeboh; DAILY OBSERVER, 5 Aug 82).

Briefs
Military Relations
MALI
Foreign Minister Returns; Iraqi Delegation Arrives
(Bamako Domestic Service, 11 Aug 82)........ sa aeccccsccees
MAURITIUS

Ministerial Changes Planned; Organization Meetings Reported
(LE NOUVEAU MILITANT, 5 Jul 82).....ccceeeeccceeececcceues

New Minister of Energy and Communications Describes Plans
(Ahmed Swalay Kasenally Interview; LE MAURICIEN,
LO JUL 82). c cece eee ccceccccccvcccccccceeessessscceees eee

New Minister Discusses Housing and Environmental Prospects
(Krishna Baligadoo Interview; LE MAURICIEN, 13 Jul 82)....

Reorganization of Cooperatives, Information Sector Planned
(Harish Boodhoo Interview; THE NATION, 11 Jul 82).........

New Employment Minister Discusses Government Plan
(Cassam Uteem Interview; LE MAURICIEN, 9 Jul 82)..........

Jugnauth Says Security Service Will Be Reorganized
(LE MAURICIEN, 7 Jul 82)..c.cecceccccccccccccececcesceeene

Opposition Leader Addresses Parliament on Government Program
(L'EXPRESS, 14 Jul 82)....

14

17

19

20

21

22

23

24

33

36

37



GOVERNOR SAYS SOME EXPATRIATE MINERS PLOTTING TO CREATE STAFF CRISIS

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 9 Aug 82 p 1

[Excerpt]

cso:

4700/1729

SOME expatriate mi-
ners affected by the
Zambia Consolidated
Copper Mines [ZCCM]
cost-saving . measures
are reportedly behind
a plot to frustrate qua-
lified Zambian per-
sonnel in order to
create a staff crisis
when they leave.

Kitwe governor, Mr Ra- ©
phael Mwale, said this yes- |
terday after a meeting with |
Mineworkers Union of Zam- |
bia (MDZ) and works council
officials at the Nkana Division.

Mr Mwale said the Party
was concerned by the develop- |
ment at the division. Accord-
ing to reports reaching him, |
those involved had resorted
to harassing Zambians whom
they could not dismiss.

He said, already a number
of miners had been given final _

105

warnings and would be dis-
missed if any new charges
were brought against them.

Mr Mwale explained that
in this way, the expatriates
envisaged a situation where
the division would be para-
lysed when they left because
there would be inadequate
personnel to man various
skilled jobs.

Mr. Mwale said he would
meet the management of
Nkana Division over the re-
ports, which also said the
geniot - Zambian employees
were being adversely asse-
ssed. .

Mr Mwale said he had de-
cided to see the management
because he thought the matter
was more political than indus-
trial.

“I wanted to find out from
them’ (works council and
MUZ) whether this infor-
mation was true, and they told
me it was true. I will be mee-
ting the management on this
soon,” he said.

ZAMBIA



representatives of the multinational companies which import oil to Mauritius.
They are in agreement with the philosophy of the new government. We are
studying the possibility of using the five tanks located at Bois des
Amourettes for storing our oil products. These tanks, each of which has a
capacity of 5,000 tons, were built by the British admiralty and need repairs
and technical improvements. If the project is feasible, we will be able to
store reserves totaling 25,000 tons of oil products there, following direct
delivery from oil tankers off the coast of Grand Port, where there is already
a submerged pipeline, which doubtless needs repair or replacement. Or we
could use the floating pipeline technique.

[Question] Is it your intention to begin oil prospecting again in the mari-
time economic zone of the island of Mauritius?

[Answer] This is one of the sectors of interest to us. We will review the
question, and we will try to obtain the latest satellite information concern-
ing the existence of oil layers in the Indian Ocean. As you doubtless know,
satellites are used to aid in prospecting on land and at sea. The new govern-
ment will follow the situation closely, and will negotiate with the World Bank
or other organizations with a view to planning a policy in the oil prospecting
or some other sector.

* Electricity--Two Scenarios for 1990

The island of Mauritius produced 349 GWh in 1981, with the hydroelectric power
plants contributing 60, stations using heavy oil 259, and the sugar mills 30
(after meeting their own consumer needs).

Production totaling 406 GWh is planned for 1985, Dr Kasenally told us, repre-
senting an increase of 4 percent per year beginning in 1982. This production
will be distributed as follows: 100 GWh from the hydroelectric power plants,
191 from the plants using heavy oil, and 115 from the sugar mills (the FUEL
alone will produce 35 GWh during the cutting season and 25 during the inter—
vals at its new installations).

Production totaling 475 GWh is planned for 1990, representing an increase of

3 percent per year beginning in 1987, Dr Kasenally told us. "However, we plan
an even greater increase, i.e., 5 percent per year, if possible, to reach 513
GWh by 1990. Thus we have two possible scenarios. In one case, the thermal
power plants would produce 195 GWh, the hydroelectric plants 105, and the
sugar mills 175. Given the second hypothesis, the thermal power plants would
produce 233 GWh, the hydroelectric power plants 106 and the sugar mills 175."

Heavy oil cost us 150 million rupees in 1981, with the imported volume total-
ing 14 million gallons.

5157
cso: 4719/1221

26



LACK OF ROAD RESEARCH FUNDS SLAMMED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 12

[Article by Keith Abendroth]

[text]

SPEAKERS at the
International Trans-
portation Convention
in Pretoria yesterday
slammed the “inad-
equate” expenditure
and lack of. co-ordi-

Three speakers told
the conference that the
management of the
country’s present road
research programmes
“leaves something to be
desired.” .

Comparisons of road
research in South Afri-
ca and America were
made by Mr T C Mack-
ey, assistant chief en-
gineer, metropolitan
transport planning, Mr
P G Fanner, assistant
chief engineer — re-
search and develop-
ment, of the Depart-

tor of a firm of trans-
portation consultants.

They said South Afri-
ca spent less than R6,5-
million a year on trans-
Port research and advo-
cated a more commer-
cial approach to the
subject.

Almost ali local

85

carried out by state or
state-aided bodies.
The National Insti-

tute for Transport and
Road Research

lion a year — or about 2
percent of the country’s
total research and road
development _expendi-
ture of about R225-mil-
lion.

The SA Transport
“Services spent about
Ri-million a year, the
universities about
R300 000 and consult-
ing engineers possibly 1
percent of their. rev-
enue on their own re-
search.

Management of the
programme was unsat-
isfactory, they said.

institute’s sponsors
while SA Tranport Ser-
vices controlled their
own programmes with-
out reference to others.

The NITRR and the
Department of Trans-
port had no real control
over what was proposed
for research projects.

In contrast, they said,
Americans had a strong
organisation control-
ling and co-ordinating
research.

SOUTH AFRICA



GOVERNMENT PIANS TO STREAMLINE LABOR DISPUTE MACHINERY

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

4700/1730

NEW legislation aimed
at streamlining the
machinery for settling
labour disputes has been
announced by the Minis-
ter of Manpower, Mr
Fanie Botha.

The proposed  legis-
lation is to be published
in the Government Ga-
zette today.

The main thrust will
be:

An amendment to
existing legislation to al-
low labour organisa-
tions. including unregis-
tered trade unions and
unregistered employers’
organisations, access to
machinery to settle dis-
putes.

© A speeding up of
conciliatory procedures
to resolve disputes that
can disrupt the economy
of the country.

The draft Labour Re-

lations Amendment Bill
was being published for
general information and
comment from all inter-
ested parties. Mr Botha
told a Press conference
in Pretoria yesterday.

At present, members
of unregistered trade
unions or employers’ or-
ganisations could apply
for a conciliation board.
in their own right: but
the union or organisa-
tion itself was barred
from doing so. i

The proposed amend-
ment made provision for
~an unregistered union or
employers’ organisation

to represent its members*

under its own name on a
conciliation board. the
Minister said.

“It is proposed in the
interest of maintaining
sound labour relations
and promoting har-
monious relations be-
tween employees and
employers.” he said.

SOUTH AFRICA



CRUDE PRODUCTION TO START IN SEPTEMBER 1982

New Delhi AFRICA DIARY in English 14-20 May 82 p 10971

[text]

CSO:

4700/1735

Benin will be provided with technical assistance to streng-
then the government agency responsibe for petroleum explor-
ation and exploitation, the International DevelopmentiAsso-
ciation (IDA) announced recently. A credit of SDR7
‘million ($8 million) has been approved by the World Bank
affiliate. Development of Benin’s Seme field, located about
15 kilometers offshore, is already under way. Under a full
service contract with a Norwegian firmSAGA Petroleum, all
tasks are being carried out by expatriates. To reduce these
operating costs, the IDA credit will finance the training of
about 110 Beninese personnel of the Office Beninois des
Mines et d’Energie, B.P. 249, Cotonou, Republic Populaire
du Benin. A training center will be constructed in Benin.

The Seme oilfield was discovered in 1968 by Union Oil.
Negotiations of a concession contract with Union, and sub-
sequently other private companies failed, because the pro-
spects were marginal at the prevailing oil prices, In 1979,

the government decided to develop the field onits own,
mostly with funds from abroad, primarily from Norway.
The first well is expected to be spudded in June,'and crude
production to start in September 1982. Five production
wells are planned for the first pase. Consultants will be
hired to evaluate enhanced recovery methods and, if war-
ranted, to prepare detailed engineering for the second-
phase, under IDA financing.

Currently, no oi! companies hold exploration rights.
‘The prospects for attacting offers for prospecting elsewhere
in Benin’s sedimentary basin is considered excellent be-
cause, in addition to the existence of the Seme field, im-
pertant oil deposits: have been discovered offshore in
neighboring countries. Apart from working with the deve-
lopment of the Seme field, consultants will review and inter-
pret existing data, prepare and supervise a seismic survey,
review petroleum legislation, and assist with negotiations
and the monitoring of company activities. In addition, six
Beninese professionals will be trained in the technical, eco-
nomic, and legalmatters related to petroleum exploration.

BENIN



MOZAMBIQUE

VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR VAGRANTS ANNOUNCED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Jul 82 p 2

{Text] Over 100 vagrants arrested in the city of Maputo left recently for
reeducation camps in Nampula, where they will be given vocational training as
tractor drivers, mechanics, carpenters, and locksmiths with the support of state
organizations. Along with that training, the treatment of those being reedu-
cated will include political awareness classes, socially productive work, and
educational and recreational training. They will then be assigned to agricul-
tural enterprises with guaranteed jobs. This was reported to NOTICIAS by an
authorized source in the Ministry of Interior's National Reeducation Depart-
ment.

According to the source in the National Reeducation Department, the vagrants
and other marginal citizens being reeducated will be assigned basically to work
in cottongrowing campaigns.

After reeducation periods ranging from a minimum of 6 months to a maximum of
3 years, the vagrants will have guaranteed jobs at specific wages and under
specific conditions in order to reorganize their lives.

Depending on their degree of reintegration into society, some of those being
reeducated may eventually be employed as.workers in agricultural enterprises,
according to the same source in the National Reeducation Department.

The vagrants who have been sent to reeducation camps in Nampula were arrested
in Maputo during selective roundup operations by the Mozambican People's Police
in dozens of neighborhoods with the support of the inhabitants.

When they were later brought to court, the court decided that security measures
should be taken, since the vagrants constitute a social danger due to their
living outside society.

In the reeducation camps to which they were sent, they will be subjected to in-
carceration of a reeducational nature so that they can be reintegrated into
society as useful, dignified, and working citizens, said the source in the Na-
tional Reeducation Department.

11798
CSO: 4742/352

50



FORT HARE STUDENTS--The case in which 1 800 expelled Fort Hare students are
seeking an interdict against their dismissal was yesterday postponed in the
Ciskei Supreme Court to August 18, Meanwhile, university authorities
yesterday denied allegations that the 1 500 students remining on the campus
were being harassed, Everyone on campus was issued with new identification
cards after the unrest which they are required to carry at all times and
produce on request. [text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 2]

WORK PERMIT REFUSALS--Despite the chronic shortage of skilled manpower in
South Africa the Johannesburg office of the Department of Internal Affairs
regularly turns down work permit applications, personnel agents say.
Several said it was better to go apply directly to the department's head
office in Pretoria than to the Johannesburg office. One personnel agent
said he knew of overseas women who had applied for permits and been reduced
to tears during interviews at the department, But Mr Sarel Cilliers, the
regional representative in Johannesburg, said no more than 10 percent of
applications at his office were refused, Permits were granted on merit with
the primary criterion being whether it was in the national interest. He
insisted that he or another department official interviewed applicants
personally. A personnel agency spokesman said the Pretoria head office

did not insist on personal interviews. Examples of applications refused
included: --A Hollander who had an executive position with a department
store. He had to return home, --An English girl with 10 "0" level matric
passes who had found a position as a manageress. --A qualified secretary
from Britain who wanted to work for the personnel agency. A bitter New
Zealander who returned home this week after being refused a permit said he
had obtained one in London before coming to South Africa to work as a dress
designer, The permit lapsed when the company went insolvent and he applied
for another to join a new firm, After two interviews with Mr Cilliers it
was turned down, he said, Most applicants who are refused come to South
Afriea as tourists, then decide to stay on. However, the majority of work
permit applications are handled by South African embassies abroad when
people apply to immigrate, Last year South Africa showed a healthy immigrant
gain. In January, 593 skilled immigrants arrived while only 84 skilled
Peopie left the country. [text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 29 Jul 82
p 14

CENSUS COUNT=-The first of three preliminary reports on the 1980 census was
released in Pretoria yesterday and shows there are 24 885 960 people in the
country. This figure excludes Transki, Vanda and Bophuthatswana, The
figure includes 16,9 million blacks, 4,5 million whites, 2,6 million
coloureds and 821 320 Indians. Of those, 18 million lived in the so-called
“white” areas while 6,8 million resided in the black national states. The
report represents a five percent sample of the census returns gathered in
1980. A complete census report is only expected next year. In geographical
breakdown of the population the following figures emerge: --There were

8,3 million people in the Transvaal (5,6 million blacks, 2,3 million whites,
228,220 coloureds and 115 560 Indians). --Johannesburg had a population of
703 980 (442 060 whites, 111 240 blacks, 97 840 coloureds and 52 840 Indians).
Soweto was listed separately with a population of 868 580 of which 866 660
were blacks. --Pretoria had a population of 435 100 (351 120 whites, 55 040

92



INCURSION INTO SOUTHERN ANGOLA DEPLORED

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 6

[Editorial]

[text]

THE DEATH this week of 15 South
African soldiers, who were killed
when the helicopter in which they
were flying to southern Angola was
shot down, must have brought home
to many the tragedy of this long-
drawn-out war in Namibia.

It seems to us that people had
even become used to the bulletins
that reported the deaths of single —
or, often, just a few — men on the
border. The incidents were often
looked at against~the ‘kill rate’’
against the South West Africa Peo-
ple’s Organisation, and, based on
that ratio, it seemed an almost ‘“‘jus-
tifiable loss’? — if we can call the
loss of a life justifiable.

However, -we believe that the
whole sad episode must be looked at
in its broader context. Those of us
with a Christian commitment must

see this tragedy in its proper per-|

spective. Our sympathies must go
out to those who have lost loved
ones. But our thoughts must not
only end within the borders of the
Republic. We must think, too, of the
thousands of other people — of all
races — who have also lost their
lives in this war.

7

This loss of life and limb started
about 15 years ago, and it seems
there is no end in sight — even
though there has recently been talk
of a ‘*cease-fire’’. We find it strange
that, in the light of a possible solu-
tion, hostilities must be continuing.

We have said it before, and we
believe it should be repeated here.
We deplore violence of any kind
against any people. We are not even
thinking in terms of who is wrong or
who is right. What is primary, how-
ever, is that this bloodletting must
end — and soon.

We take the view that politicians
who believe that violence is the last.
and sometimes the only, resort for
selving political problems are
wrong. This view is. particularly
alive in today’s world.

Most people will laugh at the posi-
tion that violence is not necessarily
inevitable, or that it is not necessar-
ily the only end to seemingly
irreconcilable political positions.

We believe that that is a lazy view.
If not, it is a particularly sordid one,
to seek the easy way out of an im-
passe. The experience that we have
is that it does not work. _



recovery plan. The growers of vegetables, sugarcane, tea and tobacco, bus
owners and dairymen, among many others, should be organized in cooperatives.

[Question] The best-losers issue is a burning issue now. What position does
the PSM take on this matter?

[Answer] In the past, I opposed this system. But today, since this system
is not in our program, I am on the same wavelength as Messrs Anerood Jugnauth
and Paul Berenger. In brief, it is not possible to amend the law on this spe-
cific matter. It is necessary to wait until 1987.

[Question] What stand does the PSM take on the walkout by the back benchers?

[Answer] I myself was a protester in the Labor Party. The back benchers are
still young, and they participated in the walkout thanks to intimidation or
under pressure. After all, this is a thing of the past. One learns from ex-
perience. In the future all of the parliamentarians will have responsibility.
The back benchers should collaborate with the government to honor the commit—
ment they made during the electoral campaign.

Minister Harish Boodhoo then went on to express a personal view about the
presidency of the republic. He said that he hopes that Sir Seewoosagur
Ramgoolam can be elected president of the Republic of Mauritius (see THE
NATION, 7 July 82).

5157
csO: 4719/1222

32



MOZAMBIQUE

MILITARY COOPERATION AGREEMENT WITH PORTUGAL DEFENDED
No Advice Accepted
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 Jul 82 pl

[Text] Mozambique is a sovereign country. There is no need to explain here in
detail the price of that sovereignty, because this has already been done in-
numerable times by the party leadership. But it would be well to note once
again that this sovereignty has a high price. To recall this is to say that
we love our sovereignty too much to alienate ourselves from it.

Because of this profound dedication to freedom, we can also respect the sov—
ereignty of others. We are able to make of our political positions, our rela-
tions in all fields and specifically the cooperation we develop internationally
a tool for enhancing the value of sovereignty for all peoples.

Because we know and feel this rather profoundly, we cannot fail to note certain
references to the cooperative relations we are establishing both with the so-
cialist and the capitalist countries.

{The relations we maintain with these countries are not really the result of

a lottery drawing or of the speeches by their leaders. They are the result,

as is obvious, of specific interests, first of all our interest in building
socialism. And the establishment of relations and of specific forms of cooper-
ation is not done without study and serious contemplation of the possible com-
plementary nature of our political or economic interests and those of our allies
or partners. And we do this because, we reiterate, we love our sovereignty

so much.

However, it may happen that some of our partners or allies, or their represen-
tatives, are more concerned with their political intrigues than with respect
for our sovereignty or the love we have for it, and mount their rostrums to
proclaim "watch out for them, they are green! Watch out for them, they are
reds! Watch out for them, they are yellow!"

The proclamations from these rostrums on the political hue of the partners and
allies of others is too well known to us to require examples. In addition,
because they reveal such limited imagination, they do not worry us much, even
when such statements are made in the subtle tone of colonial, imperialist or
racist paternalism.

44



MOZAMBIQUE

FLOATING BRIDGE OVER PUNGOE RIVER OPENED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Jul 82 p 8

[Text] Lt Gen Armando Guebuza, resident minister in Sofala Province, inaugu-
rated the floating bridge over the Pungoe River in mid-afternoon yesterday.
Inaugurated 43 days after the start of construction, the bridge is temporarily
replacing the main bridge, which was destroyed last year by armed gangs in the
pay of Pretoria.

This engineering structure, the result of joint work by technicians of various
nationalities, including Mozambicans, means that.from now on it will no longer
be necessary to. cross the river by barge.

The ceremony, which was attended by political leaders as well as technicians
and workers involved in the construction, reached its high point when the resi-
dent minister crossed the bridge, thus inaugurating it officially.

The resident minister recalled once again the need to intensify the struggle
against the armed gangs and to sharpen vigilance in all sectors against the
activities of the bandits so as to insure the social well-being of the Mozam-
bican people.

The leader saluted the efforts of the workers, who played a decisive role in
reestablishing road communications between the two banks of the Pungoe River.
At the end of the ceremony, they had their picture taken with him.

Lt Gen Armando Guebuza also emphasized the role played by countries such as
Sweden, Denmark, Portugal, Holland, and Great Britain, which contributed a great
deal to the undertaking that will allow road links between the two banks.

Also during the ceremony, the workers from Technical Construction in that prov-

ince presented the resident minister with a gift of 5,000 meticals to help pay
for the 4th FRELIMO Party Congress.

11798
CSO: 4742/352

49



And none of this would justify what we have said above if it were not for the
fact that these references reflect the disrespect of their authors for the
sovereignty of other countries or even their own nations.

Since this is the case, we would advise those who have paternalistically given
us certain advice about who our partners and allies should be that, first of
all, they would gain a little more dignity by understanding and accepting the
meaning of the sovereignty of the peoples.

"Progressive' Countries Warned
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 12 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] For some time back now, the people of Mozambique have seen their sov-
ereignty and independence systematically violated by words, insults, slander
and calumny. Certain international public opinion sectors, even including
some progressives, are always ready to open the primers of Marxism-Leninism
on the university campuses or in the corridors of the large factories in the
great capitalist world to pronounce judgment.

This has to do with what I have read and heard in the past 6 months about the
significant steps taken in the relations between the Mozambican and Portuguese
peoples. The statements and counterstatements are exchanged at such a speed
that they provide a rather large number of international meetings with hours
of enlightened information from the political and diplomatic rostrums, in the
columns of newspapers and magazines, and in statements and interviews by poli-
ticians and statesmen. Some understand this healthy development, which repre-
sents the current stage of relations between the two countries. Others do
not, and as a result a series of indirect attacks have been launched, above
all upon the people of Mozambique. In connection with the recent visit paid
by Portuguese Prime Minister Pinto Balsemao to Africa, and to Mozambique in
particular, there have been those who have said, perhaps voicing aloud what
others think but do not have the courage to say, that the Portuguese govern-
ment, "falsely asserting respect for the sovereignty of the peoples,-is taking
steps in Africa as the Trojan horse of neocolonialism, being ready to stab
countries whose friend it claims to be in the back."

At the very least, I regard statements of this nature as bold and flagrant
interference in the affairs of a sovereign and independent country--the RPM
[People's Republic of Mozambique]. For these words cannot be taken as any
kind of advice, much less criticism.

If anyone knows what neocolonization efforts in Mozambique are, it is--without
chauvinism--the people of Mozambique. Although they have been independent for
7 years, they have the full experience of 20 years of struggle, enriched by
the broader experience of the decades of struggle by other combative peoples
building socialism on various continents, enabling the people of Mozambique
to identify any neocolonialist venture.

The people of Mozambique, and I am certain of this, do not need paternalistic
advice and are heartily amused by it. But they are not amused and will not

45



SOUTH AFRICA

OPPRESSIVE PASSBOOK LAWS DEVASTATE WOMEN'S LIVES
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 9

[Article by Sinnah Kunene in "Woman" colum]

[text]
TWENTY -S1x The petitions were when she relates how
YEARS of bitterness. aimed at saving Afri- the laws have por.
oppression, starvation can women from-the- the jaws he
and slavery of the degrading pass raids - Tenorantly she is
black woman in’South which often resulted in hayby to be yn posses-
Africa — that sums up punishment: and: mis- SEPP te mn posses
the pass laws govern- ery. They read: nO ch che be.
ing the lives of black “Raids, arrests. loss of eee es good
women today. pay. long waits at the gua \diat:' She wilt be
20000" Seinen of al pass office. weeks in able to: be identified -
20000 women of all cells awaiting trial. “Should she “get lest or
races from all over forced farm labour — die.” ‘get los
South Africa, stoo this is what the pass i was j
gutude he Union ay have rents AAP Ses
aah ene eed. in African men.” ‘in Standerton many
aie as ein And as they pre- “years ago. and has
the issuing of passes to dicted 26 years ago. stayed in Johannes-
black women. black women now burg for more than 25

chew the bitter piece
of the Government's
influx control laws.

Some with babies on
‘their back. they gath-
ered to present thou-

" ee Their cry for justice \(b) qualifications of
sands of pettint and dignity as. their the Group Areas Act,
ee fundamental right has which could have de-
ter, Mr J G Strijdom.
. not been heard. To clared her a Perma-
The day is remem- date, women are still nent Urban Resident
bered with pride by in possession of the ob- (PUR).
women and organisa long shaped passbook But the influx taws
tions like the Feder- they were issued with i
ation of South African y ‘ have created slim

against their will. for her to-ob-
Women (Fedsaw), and Ms Judith Tsotetsi. a cea te qualif

st i alifications.
has since been de- mother of four and two ee ner stay in
clared National grandchildren, has no d

d ity. she should
Women's Day. - reason to share a smile _ Tare tezistered with

74



HEALTH OFFICIAL ON SITUATION IN GAZANKULU

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 11

[Article by Alinah Dube]

[Text]

cso:

SOUTH AFRICA

THE Department of Health in Gazankulu has denied reports that its people will
fall victims to diseases bred by the poverty, overcrowding and malnutrition in the

area.

This denial stems
from reports that the po-
lio epidemic in the north
eastern Transvaal, was
complicated by a mas-
sive hunger problem and
that the majority of chil-
dren in the area suffered
from malnutrition and
under-nutrition, which
makes them extremely
susceptible to all kinds
of diseases.

Dr J Roos, secretary
of health in Gazankulu,
said the reports about
the area-being hunger-

4700/1730

stricken were untrue
and distorted.
“Conditions in Ga-
zankulu have never
been as bad as were re-
ported in newspapers.
Facts were distorted
and we haven't found it
necessary to provide
people with food be-
cause they are being
taight how to utilise
food,” Dr Roos said.
Asked what the poor
people would benefit

84

from knowing about
food-utilisation when
they could not afford
some of the things rec-
ommended, Dr Roos re-
acted and said: .“Not in
Gazankulu.”

‘We've never had
cases of people not be-
ing able to afford food in
our area. But I feel if we

. encounter such prob-
lems, such people would
have to be provided.”
Dr Roos said.



MAURITIUS

NEW MOVEMENT TO OPPOSE SECTARIANISM LAUNCHED
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 10 Jul 82 p 4

{Text] Eleven associations and trade union organizations and a dozen indi-
viduals, including journalists, a teacher, a priest (Henri Souchon), a swami
(Swami Krishnadath) and a stage performer (Bam Cuttayen), launched a campaign
yesterday morning to gather 300,000 signatures on a petition asking the
government to revoke all of the clauses in the constitution which encourage
sectarianism.

The frontal battle can be described as follows: they want elimination of any
future use of the best-loser system in Mauritius, and the requirement that a
candidate for election specify his ethnic origin. They also demand elimina—
tion of the system whereby a Mauritian child is classified in the civil regis—
try at birth as Hindu, Moslem, Sino-Mauritian or "other," being instead simply
identified as Mauritian.

The movement has taken the name "Front pour 1'inite lepep mauricien" [FPLLM-—
Front for the Unity of the Mauritian People], and is seeking to take advantage
of the discussion which has currently developed about the appointment of the
best losers to the parliament on a sectarian basis to make the population
aware of the divisive effect within society of sectarianism and its practices.

According to the FPLLM, our country has suffered enough from sectarianism and
its results, and the people clearly made this known in the 11 June elections.

Organizations and individuals participating in the front include Civic Action,
the Federation of Civil Service Unions, the Federation of Public Authority
Unions, the United Workers Federation, the Federation of Parastate Bodies
Unions, the UPSEE, Lalit, the ACIM [Mauritius Consumers Association], the
Mauritius Association of Students, the Rose-Hill Self Help Project, Vinesh
Hookoomsingh (teacher), Bam Cuttayen (performer), Henri Souchon (priest),
Brigitte Masson (journalist), Henri Marimootoo (journalist), Daniel Appave
(journalist) and Coll Venkatasamy (journalist).

The front will present the following petition, with the 300,000 signatures it
hopes to collect, to Prime Minister Aneerood Jugnauth.

39



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

ADB LOAN--Tripoli, Friday--The Arab Bank for Economic Development has given
Zambia K70 million loan for the development of small industries and agricul-
ture, bank President Dr Cheddly Ayari announced here today, Dr Ayari
announced this when he met President Kaunda at his Grand Hotel room here.

He said the loan would go a long way in the development of small-scale
industries and agriculture in Zambia. Dr Ayari said the Oil Producing and
Exporting Countries (OPEC) fund had also released a further K15 million for
Zambia's agriculture industries and had requested the Arab World to make
available another K25 million to Zambia to help her recover economically.

Dr Ayari who was accompanied by a team of technical officers from the bank
said the Arab world was very happy with Zambia's stand on Arab issues,
adding that the country could count on the Arabs for continued aid, Dr
Kaunda praised the Arab Bank for the help it was giving to Zambia, adding
that the loan would be put to good use. The President said the development
of small-scale industries would create amployment for many people in rural
areas who were at the moment draftigg to urban areas in search of work which
was not readily available. Dr Kaunda said Zambia's survival depended on
agriculture, adding that the loan would greatly boost the country's economy.
[Excerpt] {tusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 7 Aug 82 pp 1, 5]

cso: 4700/1729

109



JPRS 81638

26 August 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2681

CoNTENTS

ANGOLA

Measures To Counter Budget Deficit Listed

(Eurico Xavier; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 16 Jul 82)... 1

Reader Traces Causes of Birth of Profiteering
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 16 Jul 82)... ccccceccceccccccccvccevecs 3

Foreign Firms Reportedly Defrauded Economy
(Leonel Liborio; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 15 Jul 82)......eseseeee 5

Briefs
Meeting With Scholarship Students 7
Huambo Industry Difficulties 7
BENIN

Crude Production To Start in September 1982
(AFRICA DIARY, 14-20 May 82)...ccceccccecccevccccecccececves B

GUINEA-BISSAU

Briefs
Portuguese Military Cooperation 9
KENYA
Minister Stresses Need To Inform Citizens About Coup Bid
(Joseph Karimi; THE NATION, 14 Aug 82).......... seccccceees 10
Paper Praises People's Behavior After Coup Attempt
(Editorial; SUNDAY NATION, 15 Aug 82)....eeceeceeeeeeeeeees 12
LESOTHO

"It's War,' Caller Wams Lesotho
(THE CITIZEN, 10 Aug 82)...--ecceeeeeees bene cece cee cecceee 13

-a- [III - NE & A - 120]



CIPEC HEADQUARTERS TO BE MOVED TO LUSAKA, OIL PROSPECTING LAUNCHED

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 6 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

PLANS are underway to move
the headquarters of the inter-
governmental } Council. for
.Copper:: Produtiig and Ex-

“porting’~ Countries*“(CIPEC)—

4700/1729

from Paris to Lusaka.

And for the first time the
Government has launched a
nation-wide oil prospecting

programme.
Minister of Mines, Mr
Mufaya .Mumbuna, made

these announcements at a
Press conference at his office
yesterday where he also said a
high-powered Government ‘
delegation leaves for Paris
over the weekend to attend the
committee meeting’ working
out measures to stabilise '
copper prices.

Mr Mumbuna. has just re-
turned from a CIPEC meeting
in Peru where he handed over
the chairmanship of the organ-
isation to that country’s '
minister of mines.

102

After heavy _ lobbying;
Zambia offered to house the
CIPEC headquarters because
she felt it was unrealistic to
have the offices in France,
which had nothing to do with
the production of copper. .

“It is only fitting for Zam-
bia to host the CIPEC head-
quarters because the organisa-
tion is the brainchild of Dr
Kaunda, who i
formation of the organisation
in Chile as far back as 1966,"”
he said.

The minister said the
mechanics of the transfer
would be worked out by an
independent consultant who
would visit Paris and Lusaka
soon.

On the oil prospecting, the
minister said it would be over
the western Zambia, Kafue,
mid-Zambezi, Luano Luku-
sashi, Luangwa, Tanganyika,
Bangweulu, Mweru and the
Lukanga basins.

suggested .

ZAMBIA



SENEGAL

AND-JEF/MRDN HOLDS CONGRESS, ELECTS NEW LEADERS
Congress Communique
Dakar JAAY DOOLE BI in French No 29 Jun 82 pp 6, 7

[Excerpts] On 15, 16 and 17 May 1982, the First Legal Congress (Third Ordin-
ary Congress) of AND-JEF/MRDN (Revolutionary Movement for New Democracy) was
held in Dakar.

The secretary general, Comrade Landing Savane, received a warm and prolonged
ovation as he opened the congress on Saturday, 15 May at 1600 hours. The
congress continued, with singular enthusiasm, until Monday, 17 May at 1400
hours. It was attended by five hundred and twenty-three (523) delegates
coming from various regions, departments, districts, urban areas and rural
communities throughout Senegal, as well as by Senegalese expatriates; and
thus our working nation was represented in its diverse classes and social
strata, particularly the workers and the farmers.

In his opening speech, Comrade Landing Savane, secretary general, was able to
establish that: "AND-JEF is a product created out of the Senegalese people's
spirit of struggle and resistance, and at the same time out of their will-
power and confidence in final victory."

Placing the actual beginnings of our movement in the big popular uprising of
May 1968, the comrade secretary general traced its evolution, which was
closely bound with the emergence and development of the "New Revolutionary
Left."

The congress then seated its executive committee, and heard guests and read
the messages received.

The guests' heartfelt messages were enthusiastically applauded by the congress.
As for the MDP [People's Democratic Movement] and the RND [Democratic National
Rally], they were heartily and sincerely congratulated by the congress, which

thus gave recognition to major sectors of the Senegalese people's struggle.

Also much applauded was the message received from Gambia's MOJA [Movement for
Justice in Africa], whose absence of representatives was due to the

62



Gorongosa Self-Defense Plans
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] In order to put an end to actions by the armed gangs, which are creat-
ing a climate of instability in the region, provincial and district structures
in Gorongosa are currently involved in work to increase the people's awareness.

To eliminate enemy activities, the structures in that district are cooperating
with the Defense and Security Forces in preparing the inhabitants to defend
themselves.

According to information from our newspaper's office in the city of Beira, this
action was stimulated by the establishment in 1980 of a General Staff for the
Military Offensive in that region, which culminated in the appearance of 14
communal villages in the district's various localities.

People's Role
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Jul 82 pl

[Excerpt] "The people have confidence in our party. That is why they point
out our errors and show us the path we must follow." So said Daniel Litsuri,
provincial official for party ideological work, as he summed up the work done
by the brigades that recently visited every district in Maputo to survey the
problems and mobilize the inhabitants against activities by the armed gangs.

Daniel Litsuri, who was speaking at a meeting marking the end of the above-
mentionéd project--it was attended not only by some members of the brigades but
also by provincial heads of the Party and Economic Policy Organization--added
that the process whereby the people point out the party's errors and indicate
the right path "is what makes the FRELIMO Party a true Marxist-Leninist party."

The official felt, however, that although a survey of every aspect of the pro-
vince (political, social, and cultural) has been carried out, there is still
much to do. During the visits by the brigades, several irregularities were
noted in connection with supplies, the means and factors of production, defense
and security, and so on.

In that sense, "the real work starts today," as the provincial official for
party ideological work said. He also said that now that the survey of problems
has been completed, it is necessary "that we advance toward solving those prob-
lems that affect the people."

For that purpose, district brigades that are to be established by the 20th of

this month, according to a decision by that official, will go to the inhabitants
and explain how their concerns are being resolved.

11798
CSO: 4742/352

48



PARTY TEAM OF EXPERTS TO WORK OUT SOLUTIONS TO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

Lusaka SUNDAY TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

THE Party has appointed a high-powered team of
experts to draw a strategy aimed at saving the

economy.

In an intérview Member of
the Central Committee and
Chairman of the Economic
and Finance Sub-Committee
Mr Elijah Mudenda said
talks were going on between
the Government and interna-
tidnal financial institutions
‘such as the IMF on the coun-
ty yeconony. ;

Mr Mudenda could not: say
whether Zambia would
devalue the Kwacha in a last
ditch effort to save the
economy from ruins.

He described devaluation as a
“‘sensitive issue’? but added
that the Party and its
Government was making
concerted efforts to restruc-
ture the economy.

The Party was aware that
employment opportunities
were ‘“‘shrinking’’ because of
the recession.

According to the 1982 annual
plan of the Third National
Development Plan tabled in
Parliament this week, nearly

_1.4 million people are

4700/1729

97

employment out of a
reported labour force of 1.8
million.

Mr Mudenda said the impact
of unemployment was diffi-
cult to estimate as figures
only -reflected those in
modern wage-paid employ-
ment.

Efforts were being made to
improve the situation.

“The Party and its Govern-
ment has thought about the
problems and its first task is
to restructure the manufac-
turing industry in as a short
atime as possible."” .

The Party had appointed ex-
perts who would work out
solutions to the problems.
The experts, whom he did
not name, would have the
task of looking at more than
300 industries and determin-
ing the effect of each one of
the economy.

After this the experts would
compile a list of each in-
dustry in order of priority

ZAMBIA



MALI

FOREIGN MINISTER RETURNS; IRAQI DELEGATION ARRIVES
AB120704 Bamako Domestic Service in French 2015 GMT 11 Aug 82

[Text] We learned a short while ago of the return of minister of foreign
affairs and international cooperation Sir Alioune Blondin Beye from Tripoli,
where he preceded the head of state in order to prepare for the OAU summit.
Robert Tieble N'daw, minister of energy, returned on the same plane from
another mission. An Iraqi delegation also arrived on this plane. It is
headed by the general director for economic relations with Africa, (Aike
Tari). The delegation has come to attend the joint Iraqi-Malian economic
commission meeting.

With the Iraqi delegation arriving today, Col Amadou Bara Diarra, assistant
secretary general of the Democratic Union of the Malian People [UDPM] and
minister of state for equipment, received in the early afternoon, on behalf
of the head of state, His Excellency Mohamed Said al-Sahab, ambassador and
head of the political department at the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
The talks centered on the venue, in Baghdad, of the forthcoming summit of
nonaligned countries. They were held in the presence of Mbaye al-Mohamed,
assistant secretary of the (?ILO) and Modibo Keita, minister of labor and
civil service, who is acting for the minister of foreign affairs and inter-
national cooperation. On the Iraqi side was (Safa Ismail al-Houali), acting
Iraqi charge d'affaires in Bamako.

Iraqi's proposals for holding the foreign ministers conference in Baghdad
next 2 September in order to make a final decision concerning the date and
location of the summit conference were clearly put forward by the special
envoy. The UDPM assistant secretary general expressed Mali's concern about
restoring peace between Iran and Iraq in the interests of the Islamic world
and particularly, the nonaligned movement.

CsO: 4719/1280

22



The entire project is about $3.5 million), According to Jabateh who has
spent several years in the diamond and tobacco dealership, his company is
seriously committed to this venture. True to this, he said five fishing
trawlers have already been imported to start off. The NEW LIBERIAN was
also taken on a tour of the Freeport where about seven cold storages owned
by this company were being dislodged from a ship.

According to Jabateh the corporation actually got off the ground when he
visited the United States upon the invitation of some American investors

in 1981. He said the two men (whom he did not name) had planned an investing
in Abidjan and Lagos, but he, however, convinced them about the investment
opportunities here.

Despite their reluctance (because of the military regime here), he said they
settled down for the area of fishing for an investment start.

Jabateh is a 50 percent owner according to him, while the Americans own the
balance 50 percent share.

Telama, says Mr Jabateh, has earmarked several parts of this country to
begin the first phase of its operations, These areas include Gbarnga,
Sanniquellie, Tappita, Saclapea, Grand Gedeh, Sinoe County, Kakata, Zorzor,
Camp Four, Ganta and Voinjama, To Jabateh, inhabitants of these areas would
have a steady supply of fish, "instead of every day diet of cow meat."

cso: 4700/1728

18



Consumers Protective Association Statement

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 6 Aug 82 p 3

[text]

THE. ... Consumers
Protective Asso-
ciation of Zambia
has reacted shar-
ply to. the recent
Increase in the
price of mealie
meal and descri-
bed the 30. per
cent increase on
staple food as a
blow to the aver-
age consumer.

Ina statement relea-
sed yesterday, the
spokesman. said:
“‘The average per-
son must be’ reassu-

red that he or she
can count on a wage
that keeps up with
inflationary cost of
living, now approa-
ching 12 per cent
per annum.”

The association called on
the Prices and Incomes
Commission to investiga--
te any immediate measu-

re it can advise in order
to assist the low-income

cso: 4700/1729

101

groups to cope with the
new ‘prices and wonders
how the common man
will stand up to it.

The spokesman noted that
“it should be recalled
that the cost of milk pro-

* ducts have increased by
well over 30 per cent in
the past 14 months, caus-
jing a huge increase in
production and now we
hear that prices are soon
to increase again.

“Is the consumer being

given the benefit of lower
unit costs of production
in prices, or are profits
simply absorbed through

. uneconomic farming and
distribution?” the asso-
ciation asked.

The association’s spokes-
man also said that it was
aware that all such large
increases in staple foods
caused real hardships for
the people and unaccep-
table social costs in terms
of declining nutritional
standards.

Added to the: recent bur-
den of transport fare dou-
bling (some say quadrup-
ling). the announcement
of mealie meal price in-
creases ‘‘is a bitter blow
for most consumers, re-
gardless of necessity.”



MAURITIUS

REORGANIZATION OF COOPERATIVES, INFORMATION SECTOR PLANNED
Port Louis THE NATION in French 11 Jul 82 pp 1, 8

{Interview with Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Information and Coopera—
tives Harish Boodhoo by Suresh Moorbah; date and place not given]

[Text] Vice Prime Minister and Minister of Information and Cooperatives
Harish Boodhoo described the main guidelines of the policy his ministry will
adopt in an interview granted to THE NATION. Reorganization is in progress
in the information sector as well as in the cooperative movement. On the sub-
ject of the best-loser system, Mr Boodhoo shares the view of Mr Aneerood
Jugnauth to the effect that it will not be abolished before 1987. On the sub-
ject of the showing of pornographic and erotic films, Mr Boodhoo remains de-
termined to implement the laws.

THE NATION: What does being vice prime minister mean to you?

Harish Boodhoo: It means to me greater responsibility and more work in order
to aid Prime Minister Aneerood Jugnauth in his task, whether in glory or in
the dark moments. I have always had the same approach. My feeling is not one
of pride but on the contrary, I am more humble and more realistic.

[Question] You are also minister of information. What policy do you intend
to introduce in this sector?

[Answer] I want the ministry to serve the entire population and not just the
MMM/PSM. Since I became minister of information, I have had working sessions
with officials at that ministry with a view to making the necessary reforms.
This ministry needs complete reorganization. I have asked for the assistance
of newsmen, deputies and ministers to advise me on the reorganization of the
ministry. The main goal of the ministry is to inform and educate the masses.

[Question] What role will radio and television play within the framework of
a completely reorganized information sector?

[Answer] I am in the process of working on a reorganization plan for the MBC

[Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation] television service. In this connection
I hope for an amendment to the law to allow the MBC to become an autonomous

30



Telling the strangely
clad assembly. that be
felt an- affinity. with
them .and with, his an-
cestral spirits, Dr Ushe-
wokunze agreed to up-
grade their status and
to set aside consulting
rooms in clinics “and
hospitals so that they
could prescribe herbs
and muti to their pa-
tients in modern style.

‘Ushewokunze created a
national uproar by bar-
ging into the. Andrew
Fleming Hospital and
abusing White nurses
and doctors, a dispute
so serious that he was
threatened with a mass
walkout.

Even the tame Her:

an elephant” and ques-
tioned how long Whites
would be prepared to
put up with his “alarm-
ing activities.”

Next sensation came
when Dr Ushewokunze
threatened to replace
the whole Public Ser-
vice Commission with
“fighters from the

jected certain of his
suggested appoint-
ments. This, appar
ently, was the clincher.
A week or two later, Mr
“Mugabe sacked him.
Last year saw further
sensation. In“ “March
four-White members of
the Fort Victoria farm-
ing’ -community were
murdered. Witnesses at
the trial of the so-called

CSO: 4700/1732

“spirit medium,” Miss
Sophie Muchini,claimed
in court that Dr Ushe-
wokunze had conspired
with the accused ‘and
agreed that the killings
should take place.

_ Admission

Muchini “after hearing
that she could offer ad-
vice on unifying the na-

tion.”
to the

were sent with letters
and messages to Dr
Uskewokunze, who not
only replied but sent
bodyguards to protect
Miss Muchini.

convincing, and’left un-
explained why a guard
force came to Muchini’s
kraal shortly before the
police raid on March 7.”

The judge a
sworn evidence: that,
despite his denials,.Dr
Ushewokunze . _ had
given witnesses a letter
authorising guards for
the medium and that he
had been told that
“Europeans” had been
killed. (Herald,
19.12.1981).

For reasons never ex-
plained, no action was
taken against Dr Ushe-
wokunze as a result of
these findings, though
lawyers agreed that
perjury at least was a
competent or possible

pane

tenced to death, butitis
known that the sen-
tence was never carried
out. te

MW and died

Dr Ushewokunze was
succeeded as Minister
of Health by Dr Simon
Mazorodze, also a keen

did not survive long to
enjoy his new emi-
nence. After falling ill
at an hotel luncheon, he
was removed to the An-
drew Fleming Hospital
and died there shortly
afterwards.

There were some un-
friendly theories about
this. One, that he had
died because the once-
high standards at the
hospital had sadly dete-
riorated because of Dr
Ushewokunze’s. activi-
ties: :

Two that he might
have been treated by a
witchdoctor rather
than a Western-trained
doctor.

‘ Three, that as he was
a deeply superstitious
man, he might

have succumbed to a
spell somebody had put
on him in retribution at
having taken the
Health portfolio from
Dr Ushewokunze.

In February of this
year, Dr Ushewokunze
made an astonishing
comeback, Mr Mugabe
appointing him Minis-
ter of Home Affairs.
‘Many claimed that this
had been done because
Mr Mugabe, also
‘superstitious, was also
afraid of the good doc-

END

tor’s supernatural pow-
ers. . |
Others concede that
Mr Mugabe’s hand was
probably forced by the
Zanu-PF Central Com-
mittee to give Dr Ushe-
control of the
Police, following -a se-
ries of disasters which
threatened the whole
existence of Zanu-PF.
-These included the
destruction of the Nko-
mo munition dumps,
the explosion at Zanu-
PF headquarters, ‘and
the discovery of huge
arms caches on Zipra-
owned farms in mata-
beleiand.

New Idi Amin?,

There is little doubt
that the Central Com-
mittee, impressed with
Ushewokunze’s earlier
“strong man” perform-
ance, felt he was just
the man to shake up the
police force.

Africa experts define
Dr Ushewokunze as
ambitious and selfopi-
nionated, motivated by
grandiose ideas backed
bya belief in super-
natural power.

“It is almost certain
he himself believes he

murenga — war of lib-
eration — and there are
indications that “the
Central Committee is
grooming him for just
that.

“The collapse of the
economy — a very real
possibility at present —
or a Matabele revolt
could give him the op-
portunity he wants. If
that happens, he could
‘emerge as Africa’s new
Idi Amin.”



NAMIBIA

U.S. ROLE IN PEACE SETTLEMENT ANALYZED
MB130650 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 12 Aug 82 p 10
[Commentary by John Matisonn in Washington]

[Text] The August 15 target date for a ceasefire leading to an independent
South West Africa will not be met.

The obstacle is the “linkage” between SWA independence and Cuban troop with-
drawal from Angola. American expressions.of optimism that the matter could
be speedily resolved have given way to a realisation that for the moment
Angola is cooly evaluating the proposals.

The Reagan administration has all along approved of linkage--but felt distinctly
that saying so would not help it happen. South African calls to link what

was already being linked were an accurate reflection of. American policy, but

the public statements made their achievement more difficult.

One of the many prongs of the intricate negotiations including the Western
contact group, the African frontline states, SWAPO, South Africa and the
United Nations, was the bilateral discussions between the United States
and Angola.

United States officials have been encouraged by the response to meetings
between Dr Chester Crocker, America's assistant secretary of state for African
affairs, with Luanda's leadership in Paris, Geneva, New York, Washington and
Luanda itself.

Angola seems willing to end Cuban troop presence on its soil, and anxious
to establish diplomatic relations with the U.S. But the MPLA Government has
lost support during its protracted civil war, and it is not clear exactly
where the power lies. There has just been a cabinet reshuffle which some
Western diplomats see as a shift to the left.

At a time when the government has to make major decisions about its alignments
with East and West, shifts at the top of the MPLA could be critical.

Still American officials are encouraged that Angola continues to negotiate with

the U.S. It will be a while before a final Angolan position on the present
proposals is clear.

54



JAPANESE MASS MEDIA TRAINING

Lusaka ‘TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 9 Aug 82 p 7

[text]

cso:

ZAMBIA is to enter into an
agreement with the Japanese
government for the training of
personnel for the mass media
complex.

This was disclosed by Mini-
stry of Information and Broad-
casting permanent secretary
Mr Edward Lubinda during a
radio programme ‘‘Face the
Nation.’

Mr Lubinda said besides
those trained by the Japanese
here and abroad, the Govern-
ment was doing everything
possible to train additional
staff.

Those already trained came
under a:different contract but
the Government was now
working on a government-to-
government level.

4700/1729

108

The National Commission
for Development Planning was
helping the ministry in looking
for places where to train staff
while the Ministry of Works
and Supply had promised to
give additionat staff to‘tun the
complex. ~

Short courses were going on
with the help of the Zambia

Institute of Mass Communica-
tions.

Outlining the various prob-
lems that delayed the moving
of Zambia information Servi-
ces, Zambia Broadcasting Ser-
vices. and Zambia News
Agency to the complex, Mr
Lubinda singled out lack of
transport as the main problem.
— Zana.

ZAMBIA



cso:

Without even touching the moral
aspects involved, we believe poli-
ticians, because they are profession-
als, should put more spade-work
into their job. The resolution of
most problems is not impossible.
however intractable the contesting
parties may be. .

The problem, specifically, is com-
plex, and the broader issues are not
simple either. We are not trying to
simplify both. .

There is the classic view that vio-
lence intensifies when resolutions on
the political level seem to be in sight.
There are other views that unfortu-
nately cannot be raised in this space.

The fact is that we deplore vio-
lence. We extend our sympathies to
the families. not only of those young

“South African soldiers who lost their

lives but all people who have been
affected in one way or another by’

4700/1730

72



MAURITIUS

NEW MINISTER OF ENERGY AND COMMUNICATIONS DESCRIBES PLANS
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 10 Jul 82 p 5

{Interview with Minister of Energy and Communications Ahmed Swalay Kasenally
by Sydney Selvon; date and place not given]

[Text] LE MAURICIEN: What is the general philosophy your ministry will pur-
sue in dealing with the country's energy problems?

Dr Kasenally: The government is aware that any economic recovery for the
country depends on the availability of a regular and stable energy source the
cost of which the country can bear. On the basis of this realization, we will
launch programs for action which will allow us to optimize all of our own
energy resources and to reduce our imports of energy products as much as
possible.

[Question] How can these domestic sources be optimized?

[Answer] Where the production of electricity is concerned, we will improve
the efficiency of the existing hydroelectric power plants. The Reduit plant,
for example, which has just undergone certain modifications, will have an
annual production of 4 GWh,* as compared to 1.2 GWh before the improvement
work was begun. We are currently looking for the funds required to improve
the current yield at Tamarin Falls, which is being underexploited. We plan
to do the same for the generating station at Le Val. In addition, the Cham-
pagne hydroelectric project will be operational by 1984, and will contribute
40 additional GWh.

[question] Before becoming a minister, you talked a great deal about the
improvement to be made in another domestic source, bagasse.

[Answer] Yes, in addition to the improvements in the existing hydroelectric
power stations and the possibility of establishing some new but smaller hydro—
electric units, we are devoting special concern to bagasse. We are planning
a series of measures to encourage sugar mill owners to undertake the work of
installing or improving highly efficient generators and burners fueled with
bagasse. Last year the sugar mill owners supplied 31 GWh, but with the
bagasse program of the FUEL plant, which will be in operation by 1984, we will
have another 35 GWh, while this plant is currently supplying only 5, after use

24



For six to eight
weeks a year, each
student goes into his
home environment and
completes an assign-
ment “in the field.”

According to Profes-
so Makhene the latter’
is extremely important.’
“Most of our black
parents think that
because their children’
have entered _univer-
sity, they MUST pass.
Previously they had lit-
tle understanding of
how the. .university
operates or what their
children do. Most
would also like their
children to . become
teachers and doctors —
purely because they
have never been ex-
posed to the ‘models’
of black engineers to
take one example.”

UniBo also ex
periences -a problem
with matric results as a
determinant for univer-
sity entance.. “These
results - are. . extremely
‘unreliable — especially

cso: 4700/1731

when there are leaks.
We find it mecessary to
examine the student's
entire school record for
admission.” , :

Although the system
might seem stringent,
UniBo is bursting at
jthe seams with more
than 1000 students,
and hundreds were
turned away this year.
Fees are R500 a year
for live-in students and
‘R450 for tuition.

But what is the es
sence of UniBo’s
unique character?

“To educate young
people to be indepen-
dent, to help to contri-
bute to the develop-
ment of their society.
Also the attitude of the
staff towards the
Students — not spoon;
feeding them but en
couraging them to be
independent,” says
Professor Makhene,

So far the university
hhas successfully pursu-
ed thesé objectives,
with: three schools situ-

90

ated on the. major cam-
pus at Mmabatho, a
School. of Agriculture
in its infancy at Taung,
and a:Schoot of Tech-
nology at Garankuwa on
the drawing. board.
As an umbrella. body
for all. tertiary institu-
tions in the country,
UniBo is acting as 2
catalyst within its own
society “and Southern

Africa <
* The. academic  stan-
dards have been = lau-
ded. by academics from
Southern Africa’s major
universities and other
African’ countries are
Yooking to the fledgling
university as.a model
for the future.

In_ the words of a
leading African acade-
mic, Professor J M Ye-
sufu: “The truly Afri-
can university must be
one that draws* its in-
spiration from its envi-
ronment, -not “a. trans-
Planted tree, but grow-
ing from a seed that is
planted and nurtured in
the African soil.”



ANGOLA

FOREIGN FIRMS REPORTEDLY DEFRAUDED ECONOMY
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 15 Jul 82 p 1
[Article by Leonel Liborio]

[Text] "The People's Republic of Angola has been swindled out of $15 million
(about 45 million kwanzas) by a shipping company in Copenhagen, Denmark." That
report was sent to the various media by our diplomatic representatives in Swe-
den, who quoted as their source a delegate from Kuwait who was attending a con-
ference in Stockholm for representatives of insurance companies from all over
the world and legal experts.

The report continued by saying that according to the Kuwaiti delegate, a com-
pany in Copenhagen sold Angola--on three occasions involving three ships--
merchandise that never existed. The transaction was handled through a Swiss
bank.

And nothing more was said about the matter directly affecting Angola except for
a brief comment on the conclusions of that conference, which "recognized that
at present, the stealing from the underdeveloped countries which goes on through
commercial shipping operations exceeds $100 billion annually."

Since we were puzzled, we began using the telephone (on Wednesday) for the
purpose of getting more detailed information on the matter.

Ministry of Foreign Trade's Opinion

We were unable to find out anything on the first day, but yesterday we were
able to talk briefly to Tania Traca, director of the Office of Legal Affairs
at the Ministry of Foreign Trade, who enlightened us somewhat concerning the
matter in question.

According to her, Angola's central importing agency (IMPORTANG) purchased three
products--frozen meat, palm oil, and peanuts--from a Portuguese firm in 1977.
But that firm flagrantly failed to fulfill the contract, and the fraud was car-
ried out with the collusion of organizations in other countries in addition to
Portugal--namely, Brazil, Greece, and Denmark.

Concerning those cases, Tania Traca assured us that legal action was taken in
the various countries, including a lawsuit now before the Luanda Civil Court.



CHANGE IN DETENTION PROCEDURES PROPOSED

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 6

[Editorial]

[text]

cso:

ANOTHER detainee has died in detention.
This time a 21-year-old Black student
who was found hanging by a strip of cell
blanket at John Vorster Square.

He had allegedly made a confession and
was due to appear in court yesterday.
The police have announced a full investi-

gation.

Bearing in mind the tragedy of any detai-
nee dying in detention and the terrible
name this country has acquired over
such deaths, one would have supposed
that a foolproof system would have been
devised by now to prevent these deaths.

Bear in mind that detainees are the most
vulnerable of all prisoners.

Their interrogation, whatever methods
are used, will psychologically unbalance
some of them.

If they contemplate suicide — and we sup-
pose there are some who may be driven
by the circumstances in which they find
themselves to consider taking their own
lives — they must be prevented from
carrying out their intentions.

And if their death is due to causes other
than suicide, the system of detention and
interrogation should have been such that
the detainee could not be harmed, or his
life endangered or lost, because of any
act.committed by any of his jailers.

We are saying that the death of a Biko, an
Aggett, or any other detainee must be
prevented if it is the last thing the police
do. :

4700/1730

73

For each death is another blot on the se-
curity system; each death is a blot on the
country’s good name.

We can thus only shake our head in amaze-
ment and sorrow that after the long his-
tory. of deaths in detention — the latest is
the 47th since 1983 (some tallies suggest
the 53rd) and the 16th of a detainee
found hanged in his cell — this can still
happen.

The Minister of Police (now Law and Or-
der), Mr Le Grange, assured Parliament
a few hours before Dr Aggett’s death
that all “reasonable precautions” were
taken to prevent any detainee hurting
himself, or being hurt, or committing sui-
cide.

The “reasonable precautions” are clearly
not effective enough.

Mrs Helen Suzman says of the latest
death: “No Ministerial assurances or so-
called administrative precautions intro-
duced in the last session of Parliament by
the Internal Security Act can ever safe-
guard the life of a person held incommu-
nicado and in solitary confinement.”

It seems she is right.

But if there are going to be detentions —
and the Government will not abandon
the system — then let the whole process
be revised, from recourse to the courts,
to access to legal advisers, and finally to
the introduction of the most stringent
precautions to ensure that detainees are

‘protected not only from being harmed,
but from arming fnemselves, or com-
mitting suicide.

Nothing less will suffice.



LATSKY RAPS NP POLICY GUIDELINES

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 pp 1, 2

[article by Jaap Theron]

[text]

-DR_Servaas_ Latsky,
the Transvaal Nat-
ionalist MEC respon-
sible for hospital ser-
vices, yesterday
deseribed an invita-
tion by the Transvaal
NP executive for him
to meet the Prime
Minister to discuss

i reservations
‘about the NP’s new
policy guidelines as
“senseless.”

The Transvaal NP ex-
ecutive and Dr Latsky
yesterday discussed at
length his public stand-
point at the NP’s feder-
al congress in Bloem-
fontein, where he
seriously ‘questioned
some of the Prime Min-
ister’s new policy guide-
lines. It is understood
Dr Latsky stuck to his

guns.

The executive has the
power to expel any
member from the party.

As the federal con-
gress does not have the
power to take any bind-
ing decisions it-eannot
be said that Dr Latsky
has resisted party deci-
sions.

Dr Latsky did not
want to react to ques-
tions The Citizen asked

cso: 4700/1730

him yesterday on
whether he would re-
peat his controversial
views at the Transvaal
NP congress early next
month.

But he made no se-
cret of it that he stood
by everything he had
said before.

Asked to comment on
the executive’s request
to him yesterday to

‘meet the NP’s Trans-

yaal leader, Mr F W de
Klerk, and the Prime
Minister, Mr P W Bo-
tha, on his problems he
said: “I think it is sen-
seless, but I will consid-
er it.”

This reaction was
considered in NP circles
as a clear indication
that he is on his way
out of the National Par-
ty.

It is now accepted
that he will use the
platform of the Trans-
yaal congress to defect
from the party.

Should Dr Latsky
move to the Conserva-
tive Party, it is likely he
will become the first
MEC to be removed
from his position by 2

79

regulation accepted by
Parliament this year.

Mr De Klerk said in a
“Statement yesterday his
executive had accepted
the resignations from
the National Party of
Mr Dries Bruwer, MPC
for Lydenburg, and of
Mr Willie Pistorius,
MPC for Standerton.

The executive called
upon these two defect-
ing office-bearers, who
have now joined the CP,
to resign their seats,
“to which they were
elected as representa-
tives of the National
Party”.

Mr De Klerk held his
first “father and son
camp” at the Harte-
beespoort-dam last
weekend in his capacity
as Transvaal leader.

A spokesman who at-
tended described it as
“extremely successful”.

The camp is held an-
nually ‘by the Transvaal
NP to give youths and
their fathers the oppor-
tunity to discuss politi-
cal matters with top
politicians.



ANGOLA

MEASURES TO COUNTER BUDGET DEFICIT LISTED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 16 Jul 82 pp 1-2
{Article by Eurico Xavier]

[Text] The work of the fifth regular session of the People's Assembly contin-
ued throughout the day yesterday with.the adoption of proposed measures aimed
at reducing the budget deficit and increasing budget revenues. The session is
being held in the 10 December Theater under the leadership of the chairman,
President Jose Eduardo dos Santos, and it is scheduled to end today.

The attention of the deputies was indeed centered on discussion of the above-
mentioned item--that is, the proposal document submitted by the Committee on
Planning and International Cooperation. for. that top organ of national govern-
ment. A succinct analysis was made of the sectors of industry, transportation,
agriculture and stockraising, trade, the state production apparatus, and the
state administrative apparatus.

During their discussion of the items on the agenda, the deputies saw the need
to enforce the General Labor Law and other directives governing labor disci-
pline, and they showed their concern over the fact that the budget deficit does
not properly serve the interests of the workers. As a result, a number of
measures affecting the state administrative apparatus and the state production
sector were adopted, as were other sectoral measures of a specific nature.

Concerning the state administrative sector, the deputies decided to assign the
National Commission for Restructuring the State Apparatus to study the organi-
zation and makeup of the administrative organizations in the state apparatus,
with special attention to be paid to the central apparatus with a view to pre-
venting its disproportionate growth and reducing the number of workers to the
absolute minimum. They regard any job positions that have been created to date
but not budgeted as canceled unless the need for such jobs is proven within a
period yet to be established. After proposing that accountants be trained on
an urgent and massive basis, the deputies to the assembly decided to delete
from the General State Budget the funds appropriated for past fiscal periods,
the purpose being to avoid expenditures incurred in excess of those budgeted.

Concerning the state production sector, it was decided by a majority vote that
the General State Budget should not provide any more financing to cover the



KALABO COMMUNICATIONS BREAKDOWN

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 9 Aug 82 p 7

[text]

cso:

DEVELOPMENT in Kalabo
bas come to a standstill
because of communication
problems, Liuwa Member of
Parliament Mr Namushi Na-
muchana has said.

“‘Conimunications in Kalabo
have broken down to a point
where all development is
coming to a complete stand-
still.” .

Road, air and river trans-
port to’ the area had been
drastically cut in the last few
months, causing severe hard-
ships. .

The MP pointed out that
Zambia Airways had stopped
flying to the area while
Libonda pontoon linking Ka-
labo and its provincial head-
quarters at Mongu, had not
been repaired since it broke
down last year.

4700/1729

107

Mr Namuchana said the
Lwanginga river a major
outlet was likely to dry up
by the middie of this month
because of poor rainfall last
season.

The communications pro-
blem had resulted In a

“shortage: of at’ Kalabo
hospital and, food. at the
local secondary school.

The Ministry of Education

and Culture was considering
closing down the school
because of food shortages.

Meanwhile, refugees are
flocking to Liuwa constituency
because of skirmishes between
Government and rebel UNITA
forces. ”

He called on the Govern-
ment to improve the security
to avoid harassment of people

Zana.

ZAMBIA



According to  sur-

veyors interviewed, the

first draft regulations

concerning the 99-year:

leasehold ‘scheme com-
pletely overlooked the
survey profession and
decided that for the
registration of leases
stands in black areas
would simply have to
be demarcated by
beacons,

No provision was
made for plans with
Proper _ mathematical
data as is the case for
property in white
areas. -

This would have
created a vastly in-
ferior property-title re-
sulting in the whole
99-year leasehold
scheme being discredi-
ted in the eyes of
black property owners
and financial _institu-
tions, the surveyors
said.

“Fortunately the
land survey profession
discovered this in time
to persuade the offi-

cials to reconsider,” Mr |

Course said.

Four years ago the
survey profession sug-
gested to the Govern-
ment that Soweto,
which contained the
largest number of un-
surveyed stands any-
where, be surveyed by
aerial photography.

This was turned
down by “certain offi-
ecials who today blame
the survey profession
for delays in the
99-year leaseholds”,
says one Pretoria sur-
veyor.

Soon after Mr John
Knoetze took aver as
chairman of the West
Rand Administration
Board in 1980 he began
pushing for an aerial

Survey of Soweto.

csO: 4700/1731

_ Surveying properties

individually as and
when residents applied
for, leasehold would
cost up to R500 a stand
which would have to
be paid by the house-
holder, he said.

Besides the cost (at
least R20 million for
Soweto alone) it would
take many years to. sur-
vey by this method
The way out was bulk
surveys by air at a cost
of about R50 a stand,
he said.

Nothing new in this
proposal. In fact, just
what the surveyors
ordered. But there
were still problems.

The profession be-
lieved it should control
the surveying of Sowe-
to to ensure the job
was done properly —
and work shared out
fairly among surveyors.

Wrab officials be
lieved it could best be
done through their
own consultant plan-
ning and apportioning
the job, “We felt we
were quite within our
rights to handle things
this way and believe it
it cheaper.” said one
senior Wrab official.

Central Council mem-
ber Mr Lourens disa-
greed: “I was made to
understand that the
Central Council would
undertake the planning
and organising of the
work.”

But it is the money
that talks, Wrab, put-
ting up R4 million
from the R160 million
overseas loan raised for
improving ‘services in
greater Soweto, used
the surveyors’ ar-
gument: bulk aerial
surveys can now be
carried out with the
money lent for Sowe-
to’s infrastructure.

Some surveyors are
smarting at what they

77

believe is a go-it-alone
attitude by Soweto
which, they believe,
should be throwing in
ity lot with other black
areas.

On the other hand,
points out one sur-
veyor: “We won the
war to defend the prin-
ciples on which South
Africa’s system of land
title is based — cadas-
tral surveys, the system

of measurement which
covers the position,
dimensions, extent and
unique designation of
every piece of property
registered.”

At a meeting of the
Transvaal Institute of
Land Surveyors recent-
jy it was pointed out
that boundary disputes
in South Africa are
rare because of this
cadastral survey: Sy s-
tem. This is not the
case in other countries
such as the United
States and Britain
which do not have this
system. |

“T have not heard of
more than half a dozen
cases that reached the
courts during the last
30 years,” said Mr
Course. “Compare this
with the situation in
the United States where
the Department of For-
estry alone is faced
right now with 90000
cases involving boun-
dary disputes to the ex-
tent of 110 million dol
Jars. .

“It is customary in
the United States to
take out title insurance
to compensate yourself
in the event of
someone turning up
with a better claim to
ownership of what you
thought was your land.

“This title insurance
is unheard of in South
Africa and unnecessary
because of the rarity of
boundary disputes in
our excellent system.”



SIDA GRANTS FUNDS TO IMPROVE ZAMBIA RAILWAYS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 7 Aug 82 p 5

ZAMBIA and Sweden
signed a K5 million
agreement yesterday

[Excerpt]
to help Zambia
Railways improve _ its
efficiency.
« The money which has

been extended to the
railways through the
Swedish International
Development Agency
(SIDA) is a grant.

It would be used to buy 100
wagons, spare parts, boogies
and other machinery from
Sweden and provide technical
assistance and training for
railways employees in that
country.

This is a follow-up to’ an
agreement on development co-
operation signed between the

| cso: 4700/1729
|

103

two countries in April last
year. .
‘After signing the accord
director-general of the Na-
tional Commission for Deve-
lopment Planning Dr Leonard
Chivuno said SIDA had given
Zambia remarkable develop-

; ment support over the years.

He noted that Zambia
Railways was vital to the
economy of Zambia and that
by helping it SIDA was propp-
ing up Zambia in her economic.
recovery plans.

“We promise to do our best
with the generous help and see
that it is properly and effec-
tively used.””

‘The SIDA representative in
Zambia Mrs Brita Ostberg
said this was the third assist-
ance to Zambia Railways trom
SIDA and promised the organ-
isation’s intention to help
even further. ——



cso:

bestaan en Geretig-
eid.” |
The controversy
around “Poppie Nonge-
na” led to the impor-
tant insight that na-
tionalistic Afrikaners
did not have the sole
prerogative to Afri-
kanerskap and which
allowed for the signifi-
cant choice between
Afrikaner culture and
Afrikaner power ‘by
some young Afrikaners.
It is this distinction,
which underlies Profes-
sor Degenaar’s concept
of the morally critical
Afrikaner, The critical
Afrikaner: - distances
himself from and
rejects. Afrikaner power
as being. inevitably
and irrevocably linked
with his Afrikanerskap. |
The critical Afrika-

ner has” no “wish to
alienate himself from
Afrikanerskap. He
claims his right to be
part of Afrikaner cul-
ture but opposes the
inevitable injustice that
goes hand in hand with

4700/1731

the preservation of
traditional _ Afrikaner-~
skap. ve
Following . ‘historians
Hermann Giliomee and
Andre'du Toit’s conclu-
sions in their latest
studies, this . dissident
view of Afrikanerskap
furthermore ,allows the
oritical Afrikaner to in-
terpret his past anew,
and reject the national-
istic projection on his
history; says Professor
Degenaar.
_ The dissident, can
identitfy with -Afri-
kanerskap, he says, in
that he shares the guilt
for political injustice
perpetrated -in his
name with -regard to
blacks, Coloured people
and Indians over &
long period.
Professor Degenaar’s
much publicised attack
on the verligte Afrike-
ner as an obstacle to
peaceful fundamental
change, which preceded
his book, rests on bis
view of verligtheid as
a_tool used by the

88

power Afrikaner.
Broederbond to create
a more favourable and
better image of Afri-
kanerskap and its
power.

Verligte “Afrikaners,
he says, attempt to en-
trench, justify and
stabilise the Afrikaner
power structure by sell-
ing the same (apart-
heid) policy packaged
differently. All we
need is a super-PRO
job. He echoes Profes-
sor’ Kriel in response to
Dr Willem de Kilerk’s
statement that the mar-
keting of the Afrika-
ner’s policy needs crit-
ical attention.

Traditional _verligte
Afrikanerskap also neg
‘ates ‘the possibility of
eradicating racial hat-
red as a structural
element of the South-

-ern “African society, “ac:

cording to. Professor
‘Degenaar.

* Keuse vir die Afrika-
ner, by J J Degenaar
(Taurus, P O Box 85218,
Emmarentia, R5,90).



In the meantime, the concerted interest of Dr Crocker's bosses is likely to
be important to ensure akl parties know that the full weight of American
power follows the success or failure of the initiative.

At this point it is not clear that involvement is active. Mr Shultz and
the president are heavily involved with the crisis in Lebanon and

President Reagan has delayed his vacation for a budget battle with congress
that many see as crucial to the future success of his presidency.

If the war in Lebanon can be'ended soon, the top level of the administration
may turn its attention to southern Africa. President Reagan's battle with
the :congress' must pass too.

Then America will be in the full swing of its mid-term congressional election
campaign, and someone in the corridors of Washington power may have to make

a decision about whether to risk bringing in the big guns in the hope of a
diplomatic victory before the November 2 poll.

sO: 4700/1717

56



NAMIBIA

‘OBSERVER EDITOR GIVES SWAPO OVER 60 PERCENT SUPPORT
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Jul 82 p 9

[text] Cape Town--SWAPO appeared to have the support of more than 60
percent of the population of Namibia and would win an election, Mr Hannes

Smith, editor of the Windhoek Observer, said in Cape Town yesterday.

He told the Cape Town Press Club that this was one reason South Africa did
not want an internationally supervised election.

Mr Smith said the UN Security Council's settlement plan would not be imple-
mented in the foreseeable future.

One of the latest "tricks" of the South African Government was to try to link
a settlement to the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola.

The Cuban troops were not there to help SWAPO but to help the MPIA fulfil
its economic and social programme, The Cubans were, in fact, under orders
not to go near the border and not to clash with South African troops.

Instead of an internationally supervised election there would probably be
another internal election, Mr Smith said,

A SWAPO victory in Namibia would be too great a psycholegical blow for
Mr P.W. Botha's Government. It would at the same time be a boost to black
nationalism in South Africa.

Instead of trying the political option to eliminate SWAPO, South Africa
had decided on the military option,

CSO: 4700/1736

52



RAMPETA ASSASSINATION SUSPECT'S BODY FOUND

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 8

[text]

CSO:

MASERU. — The body
of an unidentified man,
bélieved to be one of the
attackers in the week-
end ambush of Leso-
tho’s Minister of
Works, has been found,
Radio Lesotho reported

“The radio quoted the

ioner

the body of an unidenti-
fied man believed to
have been one of the at-
tackers. -

Other items found in
the area were an AK-47

gang of armed men on
Saturday afternoon
near his home at

4700/1732

14

were also killed.
Police are continuing
investigations and have
appealed to the public
for information that

‘In a statement of

condolence broadcast
over Radio Lesotho, Dr
Jonathan said it had
been realised that “the
enemy had changed.its
tactics in favour of us-
ing assassinations and
abductions as a way of
eliminating the leaders
of Lesotho”... ~

appealed for public ae
operation with police to
help track down Mr
Rampeta’s assassins. —
Sapa.

LESOTHO



MAURITIUS

TEACHING IN CREOLE, BHOJPURI TO BE ALLOWED IN SCHOOLS
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 12 Jul 82 p 4

[Text] Creole and Bhojpuri may henceforth be used as teaching languages in
our school establishments. Teachers in primary schools were in fact notified
last week by the school inspectors that they can make use of these two native
languages in teaching any subject at all to their students.

Thus, the teachers classified in the General Purpose Teachers category and
responsible for teaching languages, arithmetic and geography are no longer
required to use English or French as teaching languages. This requirement,
imposed by our colonial education system, has been criticized for years by
the MMM, leftist groups and student associations, as well as the teachers’
unions. The obligatory use of English, the official language, in the
schools often handicapped the children, who had difficulty assimilating the
material. Now very often, in the past, despite the urgings against it by the
Ministry of Education, teachers had recourse in their daily practice to
Creole, above all in their explanations to their classes.

This decision by the new minister of education serves to regularize a de
facto situation and to eliminate any hindrance to recourse to Creole and
Bhojpuri in primary education.

We should stress that in its government program, the MMM/PSM alliance
promised to review the use of Creole and Bhojpuri in education. In Chapter
III of its program, entitled "Education and Culture," the MMM/PSM alliance
wrote: ‘'Reform of the very structure of education will be introduced, so
that each Mauritian child can benefit, up to Form III, froma fundamental
education ("comprehensive or basic education") providing him with the means
of dealing with life in general, after having acquired the basic knowledge
necessary in terms of languages, arithmetic, geography, history of Mauritius,
etc. In the longer term, the use of Creole and Bhojpuri within the framework
of this 'basic or comprehensive education' as far as Form III will be re-
viewed."

5157
cso: 4719/1236

43



MOZAMBIQUE

STRESS PLACED ON RESISTANCE TO ARMED GANGS
Workers Military Training
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 Jul 82 p 1

[Excerpt] "The absolute support for your requests is the consistent help pro-
vided by the Mozambique Armed Forces (FPLM [Popular Forces for the Liberation
of Mozambique]) in training the workers to defend this economic sector." So
said Lt Gen Sebastiao Mabote, member of the Politburo of the FRELIMO Party Cen-
tral Committee and vice minister of national defense, during a meeting held
yesterday at the state-owned ENAFRIO enterprise.

Speaking yesterday afternoon to hundreds of workers who had gathered at ENAFRIO,
which is located in the Georgi Dimitrov neighborhood, the chief of staff of the
Mozambique Armed Forces praised the holding of the event, which "strengthens
the ties of solidarity that exist between the soldiers and the workers."

Sebastiao Mabote emphasized: "The soldier is a son of the people. Your message
covered the basic aspects of our party and revived the word of command con-
tained in the speech by the marshal of the republic, chairman of FRELIMO, and
president of the People's Republic of Mozambique, Samora Machel, during the
rally held last 22 June in Independence Square."

Speaking to the workers at ENAFRIO, a firm which includes INDATEC, Springer,
FRIMOL, and FRIMATECNICA, Lt Gen Sebastiao Marcos Mabote emphasized that the
enemy's basic objective is to have his agents infiltrate our economic units
and that this is a normal situation, considering that imperialism's forward
detachment in our zone--racist South Africa--has access to sources enabling it
to arm, finance, coerce, and subvert using criminal elements led by military
advisers from the regime of apartheid, the purpose being to perpetuate economic
dependence on imperialism.

After giving the history of the process that led to the overthrow of colonial-
fascism in Mozambique and the defeat of the racist and minority regime in the
former British colony of Southern Rhodesia, Mabote added: "The armed gangs
that are sowing terror and destabilization in the People's Republic of Mozam-
bique will be repulsed 100 percent."

47



FAILURE OF LEASEHOLD SYSTEM REPORTED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 28 Jul 82 p 23

[Article by Anthony Duigan:

[text]

Behind - the - scenes
arguments over how
and when to sur-
vey black townships
-—~ and more impor-
tantly, who pays —
have flowed to and
fro between Govern-
ment officials and
land surveyors for
years.

In the process black
home ownership has
been logjammed. And
like the old a: ents
over which profession
is the most important,
each side in the dis-
pute has gone to
lengths to defend its
position and blame the
other for the delay in
implementing the
ee-year leasehold
scheme.

Several colliding fac-
tors caused the dis
pute.

@ A survey of each
stand on which a
99-year lease is to be
registered is required
by law — as it is for 2
stand on which free-
hold title is registered.

@ Some administra-
tors have been pushing
to - streamline the
procedure in order to
cut costs and speed up

the registration of
leaseholds.

@ Surveyors -
backed up by the Sur-
veyor General — have
Tefused to “lower stan-
dards” for black town-
ships, arguing that any-
thing less than the
proper survey would be
disastrous for the black
person’s security of
title.

@ A lot of money is
tied up in the survey’
of black stands. Sur-
veyors want to be sure
they get it.

Early last year the
battle burst into the
open when the Director-
General of the Depart-
ment of Co-operation
and Development, Mr R
J Raath, pointed to the
surveyors’ profession as

the party responsible
for holding up the
99-year leasehold
scheme because of the
costs imvolved in con-
ventional surveying.

The solution layin
“‘rudimentary’’
measuring of stands in
black areas rather than
costly surveys, he im-
plied.

The surveyors retal-
jated. “If other coun-
tries envy our sur-
veying system why on

76

: done.”

SOUTH AFRICA

"The Breakthrough That Never Was"]

earth should we wreck
it with something in-
ferior?” asked Mr G M
Lourens, a member of
the Central Council of
Land Surveyors.

“Why can’t the State
finance surveying as
part of the normal costs
of infrastructure?”
asked another surveyor. —

“Certain officials feel
the black home owner
should bear the cost of
the survey. Why then
do they not expect him
to bear all the costs of
electrification, roads,
‘sewerage and water ret-
iculation? The fact js
the cost of bulk sut-
veys of black townships
would be less than one
percent of the total
cost of services.”

Mr Len __ Course,
chairman of the Cen-
tral Council, bemoaned
opportunities lost.
“When the State began
establishing black town-
ships in white areas 25
years ago, surveyors.
tried to persuade the
authorities to have
them properly surveved
because it was obvious
to us that some form
of title would eventual-
ly have to be provi-
ded,” he said.

“But this was politi-
cally umacceptable at
the time and was not



|
GUINEA-BISSAU

BRIEFS

PORTUGUESE MILITARY COOPERATION--A Portuguese mission made up of two military
officers and an economic cooperation representative completed its study in
Bissau yesterday of the probable Portuguese support for the exercise by Guinea-
Bissau of its jurisdiction over its territorial waters. Pacheco Marques, of
the Portuguese Economic Cooperation Institute, said he could not give the ANOP
details on the nature of the cooperation discussed during the week in Bissau
“until, first of all, the Portuguese government has made a decision." [Text]
[Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 8 Jul 82 p 1] 5157

cso: 4742/356



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

HELICOPTER ACCIDENT VICTIMS BURIED--The eight young officers of the Mozambique
Armed Forces who died in the helicopter accident announced last 3 July by the
Ministry of National Defense were buried on Saturday. Many hundreds of people,
including relatives, colleagues, and friends, attended the funeral ceremaniés
to pay their last respects to the unfortunate military men. According to

Lt Gen Sebastiao Mabote, chief of staff of the FPLM [Popular. Forces for the
Liberation of Mozambique], who read the funeral message, their example of dedi-
cation, patriotic fervor, and total commitment to the tasks of national recon-
struction and the building of socialism will always be followed by the enlisted
men, NCO's, and officers of the Mozambique Armed Forces. According to the com-
munique from the Ministry of National Defense, the eight officers who died in
the crashed helicopter were its only occupants. The communique from the Minis-
try of National Defense, which was published on Saturday, announced the identi-
ties of the young officers who lost their lives in the tragic accident involv-
ing a helicopter belonging to the Mozambique Air Force during a routine flight
from Beira to Maputo. It also presented condolences to the grieving families.
The same communique says that the investigating committee appointed that same
day--3 July--to probe the causes of the accident is continuing its work. [Ex-
cerpts] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 12 Jul 82 p 10} 11798

PORTUGUESE ROAD COOPERATION--A Portuguese delegation concerned with road trans-
portation has been in Mozambique for the past week for discussions with Mozam-
bican transportation authorities concerning the terms of cooperation between
the two countries, according to an announcement made to the AIM [MOZAMBIQUE
INFORMATION AGENCY] yesterday afternoon by Correia Ganancio, Mozambique national
director of road transportation. The Portuguese delegation is headed by engi-
neer Machado Rodrigues, director of the Planning Office in Portugal's Ministry
of Housing, Public Works, and Transportation. It also includes the directors
and managers of National Highways and Carris, two Portuguese freight transpor-
tation firms. According to the same source, talks have already been held be-
tween delegations from the two countries, and it is expected that a cooperation
agreement in that sector will be signed tomorrow, the 15th. The talks are con-
cerned specifically with road transportation services and the transportation of
urban and intercity passengers and freight. Part of the Portuguese delegation
was in Zambezia at the start of this week to talk to local authorities about
marketing channels. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 14 Jul 82 p 1] 11798

CSO: 4742/352

51



Hard Future in Store for SWA Mining

(THE CITIZEN, 12 Aug 82)...cecsecccsccecscccccccccsceeees

SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

Two Key MLSTP Leaders Withdraw From Party
(NOTICIAS, 12 Jul 82).....-eeeee eee ceneeeeee

SENEGAL

AND-JEF/MRDN Holds Congress, Elects New Leaders

(JAAY DOOLE BI, Jum 82)... cccecececcceeescecccccccceeees

Congress Communique
New National Executive Committee

SOMALIA

Saudi Daily Interviews Somali Foreign Minister

(Abdurahan Jama Barre Interview; "UKAZ, 3 Aug 82)........

SOUTH AFRICA

Incursion Into Southern Angola Deplored
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 13 Aug 82).....

Change in Detention Procedures Proposed
(Editorial; THE CITIZEN, 10 Aug 82).

Oppressive Passbook Laws Devastate Women's Lives

(Sinnah Kunene; SOWETAN, 13 Aug 82)....eccceeccrcccesnece

Failure of Leasehold System Reported

(Anthony Duigan; THE STAR, 28 Jul 82)........cceceeeeeeee

Cabinet Approves Leasehold Plan

(SOWETAN, 13 Aug 82)....cccecececcccccccccccccereeees sees

Latsky Raps NP Policy Guidelines

(Jaap Theron; THE CITIZEN, 19 Aug 82)........ doce eeeeseee

Government Plans To Streamline Labor Dispute Machinery
(SOWETAN, 13 Aug 82)....ecceeeeceee se eeeeeeeeceees

Court Told of Strikes as an ANC Weapon

(THE CITIZEN, 10 Aug 82).....ceesececcccccccccevccenveece

Shock Awaits Soweto Aged
(Len Maseko; SOWETAN, 13 Aug 82)..-.eseeeeee

59

61

62

67

71

73

74

76

78

79

81

82



have fled them. Incidents on the warfront have relatively died down in
comparison with the earlier situation. The question isi: Why did Ethiopia
launch this aggression against us at this particular time? I mean: Why

did it: strike at the time when Iranian forces launched their attack against
Basra ‘and at the time when Israel launched its savage invasion and attack
against the Lebanese and Palestinian peoples? This question must undoubtedly
preoccupy us. In’seeking an answer,: we discover that this escalation on
three warfronts is the result.of’a major strategy of the superpowers. This
is clear to everybody. ‘The Soviet Union certainly made its decision on
launching this Ethiopian aggression after deciding that this would be the
best time-to get Somalia to fall into its grip and to subject it to its
influence’and domination in the Horn of Africa and the Middle East. This
can be attributed to ‘the fact thatthe Soviet Union wants to secure necessary
strategic positions in order to strengthen its control on the Horn of Africa
on the one hand and the Strait of Hormuz on the other’and thus make the

oil wells: and’the important waterways fall within its pincers. The

Soviet Union did not make its latest. move Along the Somali-Ethiopian border
before exploiting the situation in the region in light of the latest Israeli
invasion of Lebanon and the developments of the Iraqi~Iranian war in addition
to the Arab and Somali preoccupation’ with these matters. That is why we find
that what the Soviet Union is doing in Ethiopia, Somalia and other areas in
the world and what is taking place in Iran and Lebanon is a part of a major
international game in our region.

[Question] Do.you think that what the Soviet Union is doing is an attempt
to alter the roles between it and the United States in some way or another
or is: the issue a conflict between the two superpowers?

[Answer] I believe that each of them has strategic interests in the region,
and that each of them is seeking its interest. before anything else. As for
the issue of coordination and understanding between them, I cannot say that.
However, if. we view the practices of each of ‘them in this region of the
world-=the Middle East--we begin to have doubts. How can attacks take place
concurrently within three Arab countries? Why? We cannot say this is merely
a coincidence, can we?

We affirm that the Soviet Union has. ambitions in the region and has a certain
strategy through which it will realize what it .is seeking; if the situation
is not conducive, it will seek other means.

[Question] Don't you see that the continuing influx of U.S. military aid to
Somalia in order to confront the Ethiopian forces which are supported by the
Soviets will escalate the conflict between the United States and the Soviet
Union and make the Horn of Africa a region of hot conflict between the two
of them?

[Answer] The Soviet Union supplies Ethiopia with enormous quantities of arms
that are even much greater than-its actual requirements. Add to this the great
numbers of military experts and soldiers that come from East Germany and Libya.
Al-Qadhdhafi has recently sent 2,000 army personnel who come from various

68



MAURITIUS

MINISTERIAL CHANGES PLANNED; ORGANIZATION MEETINGS REPORTED
Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT in French 5 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] Major changes in both the ministries and other
governmental institutions are planned in the days to
come. These changes will also affect the State Security
Service.

Speaking of changes, a ministerial committee headed by Shireen Aumeeruddy-
Cziffra will soon start working on the new legislation to replace the Public
Order Act. In addition, a select committee headed by Jayen Cuttaree will
begin studying new legislation needed to replace the Industrial Relations
Act.

Members of parliament belonging to MMM-PSM-OPR [Mauritian Militant Movement-
Mauritian Socialist Party-Organization of the Rodrigues People] will also be
meeting next week to review the financial situation and budgetary proposals
for 1982-1983. On Wednesday, Finance Minister Paul Berenger will submit a
financial and economic assessment to the sectors concerned, including the
labor organizations, MEF [Mauritian Employers Federation] and MTPA [expansion
unknown]. This document will be examined at the special meeting of the
deputies.

The financial assessment and budgetary proposals for the next fiscal year will
also be debated in MMM and PSM forums, especially in the delegate assemblies.

Meanwhile, members of the government team will be holding meetings with
representatives of several organizations.

The FCSU [Federation of Civil Service Unions] is meeting today with the prime
minister, the finance minister and other members of the government. The GTU
[Government Teachers Union] will do the same. The minister of finance will
meet with Air Mauritius officials to discuss a number of questions, including
the financial situation and past agreements the airline has signed.

The ministers of finance, education and planning will also hold a working
meeting today with the Mauritius Graduates Union.

9516
cso: 4719/1192

23



--Assistants: Moustapha Kane, railroad worker; Astou N'Diaye (female),
student; Ama Sall, railroad worker; Alioune Nbaye Dapina, deep sea fisher-
man; Hamidou Cisse (called Zef), union member.

--Secretary for study and research: Abdoulaye Ly, history researcher.

--Assistant: Mansour Aw, teacher.

--Secretary for the farm movement: Abdoulaye Bakhou, retired forwarding
agent.

--Assistants: Amath Ndiaye, teacher; Mamadou Cissokho, farm worker; Irene
Alao (female), teacher; and Yaya Sangare, postal worker.

--Secretary for propaganda and agitation: Mamadou Diouck, student.

--Assistants: Oumar Cherif Diop, teacher; Cire Savane (female), teacher; and
Thimotee Boissy, teacher.

--Secretary for training and judicial affairs: Abdoulaye Gueye, retired
teacher.

--Assistant: Mor Fall, teacher.
--Secretary for economic affairs: Abd el Mazid Ndiaye, economist.

--Assistants: Ababacar Fall, civil servant; Oumar Thiam, head bookkeeper;
and Awa Fall (female), housewife.

--Secretary for the Organization: Thierno Kane, instructor.

--Assistants: Bassirou Sarr, teacher; Amadou Diagne (known as the elder),
press agent; and Papa Mouhamadou Ndiaye, bookkeeper.

--Secretary for the women's movement: Fatou Kane (female), housewife.

--Assistants: Mariam Dem (female), student; Seynabou Male (Female), teacher;
Chéikh Mane, press agent; and Lena Seck, housewife.

--Secretary in charge of youth: Jo Diop, college coach.

--Assistants: Ousmane Senghor, teacher; Alassane Guisse (pictured), framer;
and Papa Mademba Ndiaye, worker. .

--Secretary of emigration: Aziz Dieng, student.

--Assistant: Boudian Bodian, worker.

11936
cso: 4719/1095

66



HARD FUTURE IN STORE FOR SWA MINING

Johamesburg THE CITIZEN in English 12 Aug 82 p 8

[rext]

WINDHOEK. — It
was time the notion
that South West Afri-
ca was a mineral-rich
country with untold
treasures waiting for
easy picking was dis-
pelled, the president
of the SWA/Nami-
bian Chamber of
Mines, Mr Doug
Hoffe, said yesterday.

Addressing a socio-
economic conference in
Windhoek, Mr Hoffe,
who is also resident di-
rector for the CDM Dia-
mond Mining Corpora-
tion, predicted a tough
future for the mining
industry in SWA.

“There is a long hard
road ahead, involving
diligent efforts and the
most modern technolo-
gies, to say nothing of
high risk capital in vast
quantities, which will
have to be devoted to
opening up new mining
properties, if we are
lucky enough to find de-
posits capable of eco-
nomic development,” he
said.

It was self-evident
that more large mines
had to be found before
the territory could en-
ter a second and more
advanced stage in its
economic development.

And the state had a
vital role to play in cre-

ating the proper cli-
mate for mining invest-
ment in the territory,
he said. .

The right incentives
had to be created to
bring about a new and
expanded mining indus-
try in the territory.

“The fact is that new
deposits are very diffi-
cult to find, the time to
bring them to produc-
tion intensifies the
capital burden and de-
lays the cash flow, the
cost of borrowing has
become astronomic, the
risk of loss — whether

due to commodity
prices or physical min-
ing problems —° is

greater than ever,” Mr
Hoffe said.

There was no reason
why the State should
assume risks of this
nature.

“The role of the state
is to create an economic
climate that will per.
suade private ente:
prise to become in-
volved and stay
involved,” he said.

It was also essential
that there was “busi-
ness confidence” in the
territory “confidence in
the future of the na-

, tion, in its politics and

its economics.”
“Those who are pre-
pared to risk their

money and their skills _

59

in developing the eco-
nomy of the country
will expect the mini-
mum ‘interference by
the State.

“Experience all over
Africa has shown that
when the State steps in,
the skills of the indus-
try soon begin to disap-
pear and the accumu-
lated knowledge of the
past is irretrievably
lost,” Mr Hoffe said.

Mr Hoffe also said re-
cently-introduced = in-
dustrial incentives - in
Walvis Bay posed a se-
rious threat to the salt
and other industries in
SWA.

The steps — part of
South Africa's decen-
tralisation programme
— had created serious
competition for SWA
products.

A 10 percent rail re-
bate for Walvis Bay
had, for _ instance,
already resulted in the
non-renewal of the
main contract of aSWA
salt producer with
AECI.

The contraction of
operations had also re-
sulted in the dismissal
of employees at the salt
mine, while another
salt producer was faced
with immediate closure,
Mr Hoffe said.

Also speaking at the
conference the presi-_

NAMIBIA



ban until the review exer-
cise is completed.

Asked about churches and
missionary societies, some of
which were not listed but
have been enjoying duty-free
privilege, Minister Jones said
they fall under the ban until
their operations are review-
ed, because some of them
have abused this privilege.
He said that a certain
church is known to have used

individual members of the
church? ghtlcgh a 8 gE
The Bureau of Revenues

and the National Investment
Commission will supply the
Committee with a list of all
‘companies “and other
organizations ‘which “have
been enjoying such privilege,

before the Committee sits this |

csO: 4700/1728

week, he stated. .

Asked as to how much
money the government was
losing as a result of the abuse
of the duty-free privilege,
Minister Jones said his
Ministry was carrying out a
quantifying exercise to deter-
mine the amount.

However, he said, that the
Government. was losing
millions of dollars because
there were “lots and lots of
companies that were not en-
titled to it and yet they were
benefiting, to the detriment
of the Government.
“Minister Jones said the

latest move will not only in-

crease the revenue base, but
will also enhance it as the

Present exercise will radical-

ly change the trend in which

the privilege was being abus-

16

‘panies, hotels, etc:

ed.

Categories -of companies to
be affected by the exercise
are major concessions (if they
are not permitted to be ex-
cluded), metallurgical in-
dustries, textile businesses,
logging and wood processing
companies,. public corpora-
tions, chemical industries,
construction and engineering
companies, agricultural comi-

When the temporary ban
on duty-free privilege was an--
nounced on’Monday, an Ex-
ecutive Mansion release
quoted. Head of State Doe as
saying: “With such unlimited
privileges to the most major
enterprises in the country, I
can see why revenue collec-
tions have continued -to



MAURITIUS

NEW EMPLOYMENT MINISTER DISCUSSES GOVERNMENT PLANS
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 9 Jul 82 p 5

[Interview with Minister of Employment, Social Security and National
Solidarity Cassam Uteem by Jean-Clement Cangy; date and place not given]

[Text] [Question] Mr Cassam Uteem, why is there a Ministry of National
Solidarity?

[Answer] The idea comes from the Federation of the Sick and Handicapped, with
which the MMM/PSM alliance had occasion to meet during the electoral campaign.
We had the feeling that the handicapped, as well as other disadvantaged per-
sons, were being treated as second-class citizens. This was the source of our
desire and determination to rehabilitate them. We are not doing so out of
pity, but rather a sense of solidarity. They must be given the place they de-
serve in society. Again in connection with national solidarity--here I am ex-
pressing a personal opinion which does not commit either my party or the
government-~I think there is an urgent need to establish a national solidarity
fund for the unemployed, a fund to which employers, employees and the govern—
ment would contribute to provide aid to the unemployed until they can find
work.

[Question] What form will the unemployment compensation the government plans
to establish take?

[Answer] Implementing an unemployment allocation is one of the priorities of
our government. We inherited a situation in which the preceding government
had prepared a certain number of forms to be filled out by the unemployed, and

‘ also by heads of families. This work has not been completed. Thus it is

urgent to get a better project started. I think that in the coming weeks, we
will be in a position to submit concrete proposals, which I hope will be
approved, to the cabinet. As far as I know, because of the commitments made
by the outgoing government to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the
World Bank, it will be extremely difficult to increase funds for social allo-
cations, and I hope that the people, in a spirit of solidarity, will give the
government help if it is requested, making their contribution to the develop-—
ment of an unemployment compensation system.

33



NAMIBIA

RELEASE OF SWAPO DOCUMENTS IS ‘EXCUSE"
MB121248 Windhoek OBSERVER in English 7 Aug 82 p 10
[Editorial: © ""Document' Which Offers an Excuse'"]

[Text] The release of certain documents by Mr Roelof Botha, South African
foreign affairs minister, last week provides almost beyond doubt that

South Africa is trying to find a way out of the implementation of a settlement
in Namibia.

Mr Botha released alleged SWAPO documents to the press--documents which call
for the assassination of certain internal leaders, and the committing of acts
of sabotage by SWAPO cadres.

And it would appear as if this was the purpose of Mr Botha"s visit to Windhoek--
not to "brief" internal parties on the state of the negotiations on the future
of South-West. Africa, but rather to pour further recriminations on the head

of the SWAPO movement.

And of course, Mr’ Botha is’ evidently looking for a way out of the implementa-
tion of Security Council Resolution 435.

Why else would he release these documents at this moment in time? Particularly
in view of the fact that these "documents" are certainly not new, neither

are they original, since there have been several occasions in the past when

the Defense Force: has issued similar documents, purported to be drawn up by
the SWAPO movement, and in which they call for the assassination of local
leaders and the committing of acts of sabotage.

The documents, in any case, are dated May of this year, and regional commanders
were given 14 days time in which to either capture or kill certain political
leaders, including Mr Peter Kalangula, leader of the CDA. Their validity

has, in any case, long since lapsed, and we fail to see what all the fuss

is about, if not to abort a’settlement. Even internal parties hardly took any
notice, and questioned the authenticity of the documents.

If this is an excuse for South Africa to seek a way out of the implementation
of Resolution 435, then we trust Mr Botha will’ think of a better one next time!

cso: 4700/1717

53



LIBERIA

MINISTER ANNOUNCES PARTIAL COLLECTION OF FUNDS OWED TO PUBLIC BODIES

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 5 Aug 82 pp 1, 6

[Article by Samuel Johnson]

[text]

CSO:

Government has : collected
$41 million from companies,
business houses and indivi-
duals’ who are indebted to
Public Corporations and Gov=
ernment Agencies to .the Sune:
of $100 million.

The amount © was’ “collected
from the debtors following
an ul timatum given them last,
April by the Finance Minis-
try fo settle their ‘finan=
cial obligations or els
their riames ~ would ‘. be. for.
warded ‘to the Head of State.
for appropriate action. yi

Disclosing this to the NEW
LIBERIAN Wednesday, Finance
‘Minister Alvin “Jones said

the $41 million was collect~"

ed: during the period April
16 to July 23, 1982, He in-
dicated ‘that every” .effort.is
‘being - made to, ‘collect ‘the
‘vemaining portion. of the
:$100 million, tee
«The.; Minister attributed
ithe. accumulation.of the high
debt to thé failure of some
Public Corporations’ to-in-
stitute "“rpalistic. credit"
directed at limiting “the
amount of credit given to
individuals and ° organiza-
tions “cons#Hered poor ¢redit

4700/1728

19

risk. 5
Secondly, he said, some

‘débtors have the notion that

théy do not have to pay for
services consumed because no
legal action. has ever been
instituted against them by
the corporations or agencies
concerned,

Mr. Jones believed that
the -establishment. of a
special court .: to: handle
cases between public- cor-
portions and their custom-
ers will deal with the: pro-
blem * moze -effectively. and
with better results?

The Liberia Water and Sewer
Corporation,_Liberia - Elec-
tricity Corporation, Liberia
Petroleum Refining Company,
Liberia Telecommunications
and. Air Liberianare said to
be the major ‘corporations
where | outstanding’ arrears
were high.

On - other points, “Minister:
Jones said management of
public corporations have
realized ..thé necessity of
maximizing collection ef-
forts and the institution of

better and effective credit

policy: —



cso:

4700/1730

managers have received
formal training.

methods more efficient.

The opening speaker

at the International

tion Con-

vention, which started
in Pretoria

Mr Smith said a train-
ing fund should be es-
tablished to:

@ Ensure an adequate
supply of — properly
trained men and
women at all levels and
in all trades in the
transport industry;

@ improve the quality
and efficiency of indus-
trial training, and to
encourage research
into improving indus-
trial training: and

@ Provide incentives to
employers in the indus-
try by way of grants,
subsidies, bounties or-
other financial meas-
ures to educate and
train employees.

Mr Smith said inad-
equate training in the
industry was a major
problem.

In 1980, there were
800 000 commercial ve-
hicles and 25 000 buses
in the Republic, man-
ned by about 2,5-million
people.

In a sample survey it
was found that only 52
Percent of bus trans-
port managers had re-
ceived any formal train-
ing in the field.

At present, operating
manpower was trained
by the larger undertak-
ings at their own ex-
pense and was then
spread throughout the
industry by means of
swage differentials.

The large companies
trained staff, and the
amaller companies then
anticed the trained em-
gloyees to join their.
Arms.



"We, the signatories of this petition, hereby appeal to the government for the
revocation of any clause in the constitution which encourages sectarianism or
nurtures it in practice, preventing good Mauritian citizens from living and
functioning as a single people and a single nation."

Speaking at a press conference in which all the members of the FPLLM partici-
pated, Mr Coll Venkatasamy, who was appointed spokesman, described the move-—
ment as historic. It is a movement which wants to advance the will for unity
expressed on 11 June. It is not proper, the spokesman explained, to create
an anti-best loser front, which in the long run might personalize the dis-
cussion. It is however necessary to create a movement against sectarian
clauses, because it is these clauses which keep the country in the sectarian
yoke of the best-loser system.

The FPLLM has specified that it does not oppose the government, the positive
actions of which "in many respects" it values. But, the spokesman noted,
there are absurdities in our society such as sectarianism, the caste system,
lack of patriotism, individualism and opportunism which must be combated if
we want to create a united and indivisible nation.

The front gives its just due to the fact that the new government is committed
to the constitution, but its members believe that the constitution was drafted
to be amended. The front believes that, in the spirit of dialogue it has
always urged, the government should listen to the voice of the people and
accept its responsibilities. It should be stressed that the FPLLM is not ask-
ing that the elimination of the best-loser system be made retroactive, but
that the clauses providing for this system very simply be revoked.

A slight nuance can be noted in the point of view of Civic Action, represented
by Mr Michael Atchia. This organization is willing for the prime minister and
the government to demonstrate political honesty by refusing to eliminate the
best-loser system because this was not included in the program they presented
to the people.

But, Mr Michael Atchia said, Civic Action believes that if a petition bearing

300,000 signatures is submitted to the government, it might take action by
means of a referendum, for example.

5157
CSO: 4719/1216

40



COURT TOLD OF STRIKES AS AN ANC WEAPON

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 3

[text]

THE forces to be em-
ployed in the pressur-
ing and the overthrow
of the apartheid regime
— the South African
Government — were
the shop and factory
employees terror trial
Trade Unionist Mr
Alan Morris Fine, told
the Johannesburg Re-
gional Court yesterday.

Mr Fine has pleaded
not guilty to charges
under the Terrorism
Act, namely, that by as-
sociating himself with
the South African Con-
gress of Trade Unions,
which was aligned with
the African National
Congress, he was sym-
pathetic to and fur-
thered the aims of the
ANC. -

These were to bring
about a change in the
Republic in the social,
economic, and political
systems by means of
crippling or prejudicing
industry or undertak-
ings generally.

Mr Fine told the
-wyart that while he was ©
aware that both SAC-
TU and the ANC were
signatories to the revol-
utionary alliance, he
felt that the extent of
their working together
was no more than mu-
tual moral support. :

He picked out various_

issues of “Workers

Unity”, a SACTU pub-

lication, which he said

he had read and from
which the prosecutor
_read: “When the ANC

cso: 4700/1730

was banned by the re-
gime in 1960 SACTU as-
sumed a greater re
sponsibility in the fight
for liberation.”

From another issue
the prosecutor read:
“The general poverty of
the masses is increas-
ing and the only way
out is to organise and
prepare our forces for
the overthrow of the
apartheid regime.

“The ANC fully re-
cognises the vital role
of SACTU in the liber-
ation struggle — we
shall always maintain
our alliance which is a
sort of strength for
both our organisa
tions.”

When asked to ex-
plain some of this, Mr
Fine said the apartheid
regime was the South
African Government
andthe forces that
would be usesL ta press
urise it were those
working in the shops
and factories of South
Africa. And the way to
put pressure on the
Government was to
strike.

The prosecutor also
pointed out that vari-
ous issues of Workers
Unity dealt with issues
which the accused said
he had reported on to a
colleague in Botswana.

Workers Unity dealt
with how workers
should react to the Wie-
hahn Commission long
before the commission
vas made known.

81

SOUTH AFRICA

Mr Fine conceded it
was probable that Mr
Marius Schoon, the
husband of the person
to whom he gave infor-
mation on labour mat-
ters in South Africa,
was a member of the
banned ANC.

He was usually pres-*
ent when he (Fine)
gave verbal reports to
his wife Jeanette on de-
velopments in the SA
labour field. Mr Fine
conceded he did not ask
her husband to leave
the room.

“So you didn’t mind
conveying your infor-
mation to an ANC offic-
ial as well?” asked the
prosecutor. Mr Fine re-
plied: “I certainly
would not have liked it
if he used it (the infor-
mation) for the ANC
put I have no reason to
believe that he did.”

Mr Fine admitted
that he did not take any
steps to ensure that his
information was not
used by the ANC and he
conceded: “I'm sure
that the ANC is inter-
ested in the labour field
in South Africa as in
any other political or-
ganisation.”

Tt is also conceded by
Mr Fine that what he
knew of SACTU had
come from Jeanette
Schoon. The prosecu-
tion has suggested she
misled him as to SAC-
TU’s aims.

The trial continues
today before Mr W
Roasch. .



cso:

In an editorial the
newspaper wrote that
there were increasing
signs that Swapo’s lead-
er, Mr Sam Nujoma,
would be faced within
the next few days with
Cuban withdrawal from
Angola as an accom-
plished fact.

Political observers in
Windhoek said that
during a visit to the ter-
ritory last week, spokes-
men for the Western
contact group — the
US, Britain, France,
West Germany and Ca-
nada — made it clear
the withdrawal of Cu-
bans could not be di-
rectly linked to a settle-
ment in South West
Africa.

“We do not have a
mandate to discuss the
situation in Angola,”
Dr Hans-Joachim Ver-

gau, the chief West Ger-
man spokesman on
Africa, said.

Vacuum

In deliberations on
South West Africa,
South Africa has ex-

4700/1736

pressed concern that
reduction of its military
strength in the territo-
ry — as stipulated by
United Nations Reso-
lution 435 — would
leave a power vacuum
that would tempt War-

saw Pact military ad- |

venturism.

Indications are that
tomorrow’s meeting in
New York —_ which
Swapo’s leader, Mr Sam
Nujoma, will attend —
will be crucial in the ne-
gotiations.

The urgency of the
conference is under-
lined by the setting of
next Monday as a tar-
get date for a trial
ceasefire.

The so-called CBI —
Ceasefire Before Imple-
mentation — is planned
to precede a formal
ceasefire on September
15 and implementation
of Resolution 435,
which will culminate in
elections for a Consti-
tution-making body
and eventual indepen-
dence. .

The determination of
supervised pre-indeper-

58

dence elections has
started in Windhoek
under the direction of
the Administrator-Gen-
eral. .

It has also been re-
ported that an advance
party of the UN transi-
stional assistance
group is expected to ar-
tive in Windhoek next
week to assess the ac-
commodation require-
ments of the estimated
7 500-strong _ military
and civilian compo-
nents of Untag.

SWABC Radio has
quoted Mr Dirk Mudge,
chairman of the South
West African Council of
Ministers, as saying a
trial ceasefire begin-
ning next Monday did
not automatically mean
“immediate implemen-
tation of UN Reso-
lution 435".

Mr Mudge said the
term “CBI” as em-
ployed in the settle-
ment plan meant a
ceasefire should pre-
cede implementation of
the plan so that a cli-
mate could be created
for, further negotia-
tions, — Sapa.



SHOCK AWAITS SOWETO AGED

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 4

[Article by Len Masekol

(tText]

cso:

HUNDREDS of Soweto
residents who bought in-
surance policies from a
black-owned Johannes-
burg company, are in for
a shock — they are as
good as not being in-
sured.

If the insured person
or members of their
families die, they would
only be liable to R24 or
less for funeral expenses
—a far cry from the cof-
fin and hearse, the Safri-
can Association prom-
ised its clients.

But this shock disclo-
sure, according to the
company's general
manager Mr $ Robin-
son, will not affect peo-
ple who have increased
their premiums. He said
all clients had been ap-
proached to improve
their premiums but most
had been reluctant to do
$0.

4700/1730

Before Safrican Asso-
ciation was taken over
from blacks by a leading
insurance group in 1971,
it had offered R24 to-
wards funeral expenses
for a monthly premium
of 25 cents. With the
cost of living biting
hard, the company de-
cided to increase its pre-
miums soon after the
takeover and its benefits
rose to a maximum of
R1 000.

Many. people —
mostly pensioners who
used to stay in Sophia-
town where the com-
pany was started — are
still continuing to pay
their 25-cent premiums
unaware that this will
not cover funeral costs.

The whole saga came
into the open last week
when a family of an Or-_
“lando East pensioner,

82

SOUTH AFRICA

was'told they would re-
ceive only R24 towards
her burial costs. Accord-
ing to the family. Mrs
Elizabeth Masimong
(83) had been paying
her premiums since
1937, and had also paid
in advance up to Jan-
uary next year.

Mr Robinson said:
“This is a problem we've
been trying unsuccess-
fully to solve. These
people have ignored our
notices that they should
improve their premi-
ums. It is costing our
company a lot of money
to cover their 25-cent
premiums. We can't
even tell these people to
stop paying their premi-
ums because this is
against insurance laws.
Nor are we allowed to
give them their money
back. eee



MAURITIUS

NEW MINISTER DISCUSSES HOUSING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROSPECTS
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 13 Jul 82 p 5

[Interview with Minister of Housing, Lands and the Environment Krishna
Baligadoo by Jean-Clement Cangy; date and place not given]

[Text] [Question] Mr Krishna Baligadoo, what are the government priorities
in the housing sector?

[Answer] The new government plans to build as many housing units as are
needed for the population category classified as neediest. At the same time,
it is our intention to remove the handicap which the deposits requirement
constitutes for this group. The deposits requirement has worked against the
neediest and caused discrimination, which will be promptly corrected with the
next allocation of housing units.

It is a question in addition of putting the registry of individuals with the
Central Housing Corporation (CHA) in order. It should inspire confidence, and
a new registry of those needing homes is being drafted. Henceforth, each
individual registered with the CHA will have a numbered card.

Where construction programs are concerned, we are faced with certain problems,
having to do among other things with the determination of construction sites.
We believe that housing should not be built in areas where water and elec—
tricity cannot be provided. We want to build as a function of the infrastruc—
ture to be established. I am currently awaiting the report from my minis—
try's surveyors in this connection. It is a fact to be deplored that under
the previous regime, construction contracts were granted for any location at
all, without even determining the sites in advance. The success of a housing
program lies in planning.

[Question] What are your estimates as to those requiring housing?

[Answer] The official registry drafted in 1976 showed that 40,000 persons
needed housing. In the past 5 years, 10,000 housing units have been built.
As we announced in our formal address, a national survey will be made to
establish the number of individuals needing housing. There is therefore a
need for a new registry, which will cast light on this matter. On that basis
we will establish the precise policy as to the number and type of housing
units to be built.

27



ANGOLA

READER TRACES CAUSES OF BIRTH OF PROFITEERING
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 16 Jul 82 p 2
[Letter from reader Emilio Jose]

[Excerpts] He used to be a peaceful and unassuming citizen: a good worker
earning reasonable wages. He had no bent for profiteering or scheming. He
preferred to live on what he.earned by his own toil and sweat--that is, with-
out hurting anyone.

The citizen in question works in a brewery, and because of the nature of his
work, he is entitled to five packs of beer per week. His young wife is a clerk
at Bolama (the UEE), from which she has been receiving a few packages of pasta
and biscuits, which are, of course, what the state-owned factory produces. His
son, who recently returned home after studying abroad, was assigned to the
INDUVE factory, so there is no lack of soap and oil.

That citizen and his relatives were getting almost everything they needed for
household consumption, and they were not interested in selling those products.

But now, with the shortage of every kind of food item in the markets, there is
always some need that cannot be met without big sacrifices, and in that family,
although it had some products, there was always a lack of this, that, or the
other thing.

It happened, however, that our peaceful citizen was really beginning to worry
about obtaining certain food items that people must have--specifically, meat,
fish, cornmeal, and so on--and he could see how those products were being sold,
since at the market--well, you might as well forget it. For a long time he had
not been able to buy a package of cigarettes for 20 kwanzas--the legal price
for a package. He was never able to buy fish and meat at the prices set by the
government, and in any case, fish and meat are available only in the closed
circles of the profiteers--that is, in the markets that proliferate in the city
of Luanda~-while such items are rarely sold in the fish markets and butcher
shops. He needed a radio and a refrigerator, and he knew that he could get
them all right, but only by buying them on the black market.

What was he to do? He was complaining and wondering about the high cost of
living. But he knew already that he could get five packs of beer, to which he



MAURITIUS

RECORD SUGAR HARVEST ANTICIPATED THIS YEAR
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 17 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] The sugar harvest is proceeding at a satisfactory rate, and to date,
all conditions are such as to contribute to a good harvest. In the light of
the initial results, it is noted in sugar-growing circles that the yields

from the fields are consistent with estimates, and in some cases exceed them.

The rate of extraction, which still remains the unknown factor for the sugar
community, is continuing to improve and has reached high levels in certain
regions of the island. For example, in the western region, the rate of
extraction has reached 12, representing an extremely encouraging beginning
for this year's harvest. Given such conditions, optimism continues among
sugar growers, and it is even thought that sugar production may set a new
record, far exceeding the 718,464 tons achieved in 1973.

Where manpower is concerned, everything seems to be developing without prob-
lems, with good productivity in the fields, as well as in the 21 sugar mills
in full operation.

In view of this more than positive picture, the only remaining cloud is the

sugar price on the world market, which has fortunately recovered a little in
recent days to reach the level of 123 pounds sterling per ton.

5157
cso: 4719/1236

42



losses incurred by enterprises--"priority enterprises or not"--except in duly
considered cases, which will be required to generate enough revenue to cover
their costs. Rationalization of the existing work force, particularly in the
sectors of construction, agriculture, and trade, was another measure approved
by the deputies. This calls for a work force based on the means of production
and the volume of construction that it is really possible to carry out. Also
in connection with the existing work force, the People's Assembly's Committee
for Labor and Social Security was made responsible for conducting a study of
the various kinds of work done by the respective departments in the party and
the Council of Ministers.

Three other items approved by the deputies in the same area are the following:
the selection of areas for.state intervention so as to concentrate the capa-
bility of the state units in a few regions in the sector of agriculture and
stockraising; the transfer of a number of. state economic units that could

be converted into cooperatives or turned over to private operators in exchange
for payment of a tax; and the requirement that all units having a planned oper-
ating loss submit a work force plan backed up by their planned activities, it
being agreed that all additional workers for peak periods will be taken into
account and paid for the minimum number of days actually worked.

Concerning the sectors of industry and transportation, the deputies concluded
that prices in the industrial sector must be established in all cases on the
basis of their finished production, with no regard for subsidiary or comple-
mentary raw products still in process. This principle is to be put into ef-
fect gradually. In the case of the transportation sector, important measures
were adopted as follows: domestic air passenger fares will be increased; the
various airport fees will be increased by an amount to be determined by the
.Ministry of Transport and Communications; and supplies of parts and materials
for the Technical Maintenance Enterprise will be improved, with rigid controls
over the supplies to be established so as to make increased production and pro-
ductivity possible.

Among the decisions agreed on by the deputies concerning the sectors of con-
struction and trade, attention should be drawn to rationalization of the work
force in construction, in which excess manpower is to be shifted to other sec-
tors of activity. In view of the high percentage of equipment that cannot be
used, the Ministry of Construction is to establish a program for salvaging that
equipment. It is up to the Ministry of Trade to undertake the reorganization
and control of the retail system, the purpose being to overcome the contradic-
tion existing between the scattered system and centralized control. It is rec-
ommended that municipal mixed trading enterprises be established under local
authority.

It was also decided to establish a committee made up of officials from the Min-
istries of Finance and Home Trade to survey the entire private sector in the
provincial capitals, with assistance from the local.:commissioners.. Any illegal
activity is to be penalized and closed down.

For its part, the Council of Ministers is to approve as soon as possible a law
for the repression of speculation and parallel markets.

11798
CSO: 4742/348 2



MAURITIUS

JUGNAUTH SAYS SECURITY SERVICE WILL BE REORGANIZED
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 7 Jul 82 p 5

[Text] Prime Minister Aneerood Jugnauth reaffirmed
yesterday that the State Security Service (SSS) will be
"reorganized" and that measures to that end have already
been taken. Mr Jugnauth said that some SSS employees have
been transferred into the regular force. The prime
minister, who was answering interpellations from Rajen
Dyalah and Osman Gendoo (MMM [Mauritian Militant Movement ]
deputies from the first and third districts respectively),
was bombarded with yet more questions. So, in answer to
Madun Dulloo's question as to whether the SSS would be
"reformed" or "dissolved," the prime minister declared that
the organization will be "reorganized."

Mr Jugnauth explained that the SSS’ is still in operation, but that some of
its activities have been discontinued. The government will completely
restructure the SSS, he added. :

Mr Jugnauth reminded his questioners that all members of the SSS are a part
of the police force and were only "seconded for duty" to the SSS. The
government thus haa:the authority to reintegrate them into the regular force.
A new security service will be set up to meet the state's real needs. In
carrying out the reform, the prime minister promised that past activities

of some members of the SSS will receive a thorough review.

To a question from Mr Dyalah, the prime minister stated that the SSS had the
use of 39 vehicles before the last general elections. At that time, the
service had a complement of 177 officers. The SSS expended the sum of
2,298,526 rupees over the last 5 years. Annual expenses were as follows:
499,818 rupees in 1978-1979, 499,018 in 1979-1980, 600,000 in 1980-1981

and 699,690 in 1981-1982.

9516
cso: 4719/1192

36



DOE APPOINTS COMMITTEE TO REVIEW COMPANIES’ DUTY FREE PRIVILEGES

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 4 Aug 82 p 1:

[Article by Rufus Marmah Darpoh]

[text]

Head of State Samuel K. Doe has appointed a Special
Committee to review agreements signed with 96 major
companies which have been enjoying duty-free
privileges, with a view “to abolishing duty-free privilege
or severely limiting its duration and application.”

The Committee is chaired
by the Ministry of Finance.
Others who are to: be techni-
cians on the Committee, are
the Ministry of Planning and
Economic Affairs, the
Ministry of Commerce, In-'
dustry and Transportation,
and the National Investment
Commission, which recom-'
mends the granting of such
privilege.

Finance Minister G. Alvin
Jones said in an interview '
yesterday that the Committee |
has been mandated by the’
Head of State to complete the
exercise within thirty days

and submit a report to the
PRC for consideration. = °

The appointment, of . the
Committee follows a’ tem-
porary freeze which the

Head of State on Monday, in
consultation with the PRC,
put on the companies which
have been enjoying duty-free

privilege amounting to bet-
ween 90 and 100 per cent,
covering a period from one to
80 years.

Embassies

Excluded from the tem-
porary ‘ban on ‘duty-free
privileges are four companies
— Katana Resources (Liberia)
Inc., the European Economic
Community (EEC), the Multi-
Purpose Sports Complex, and
the “World Bank Education
Project. :

Minister Jones said
yesterday that the Com-
mittee, which will hold its
first meeting’ before the
end of ‘this week, will
recommend to the Head of
State that embassies in
Monrovia and the major
concessions be also ex-
cluded from the temporary

LIBERIA



KENYA

MINISTER STRESSES NEED. TO INFORM CITIZENS ABOUT COUP BID
FA141216 Nairobi THE NATION in English 14 Aug 82 p 1
[Article by Joseph Karimi in Nyeri]

[Text] Lands, Settlements and Physical Planning Minister G. G. Kariuki
yesterday said newsmen should be allowed to cover the martial law pro-
ceedings against Kenya Air Force [KAF] rebels facing charges of taking part
in the abortive coup on August 1.

Mr. Kariuki was addressing thousands of people at the Nanyuki Kanu grounds
after a massive demonstration through the town's streets to express their
loyalty to the president, the government and the ruling party, KANU.

He said the people were entitled to know the whole story about the people
involved in the coup attempt.

In his capacity as chairman of the Laikipia KANU branch, he asked the
government to tell the public how many KAF rebels were killed or captured
and how many were still at large.

He added that Kenyans should be told who was behind the abortive coup and who
paid the rebels to carry out the coup bid.

Mr. Kariuki also asked his audience to. give the government time to carry out
the investigations now underway. If the government was convinced that the
abortive coup was the work of the KAF rebels alone, he said the matter should
end there.

He said that the truth must be told to the people so they could prepare for
any future attempt by rebels to repeat what happened for 3 hours on August 1.

Mr. Kariuki said the late president Jomo Kenyatta had prepared Kenya's
political platform of democratic elections and that his successor President Moi
had vowed to continue in the same tradition.

Mr. Kariuki, dressed in a red KANU shirt, condemned the activities of the

rebels, and warned those wanting to take power by the barrel of the gun that
any transition would have to be carried out systematically through the ballot.

lo



Unskilled Workers Face Hard Times
CTHE STAR, 29 Jul 82). ccceccececccccccvecccrcccscerecesesceee 83

Health Official on Situation in Gazankulu
(Alinah Dube; SOWETAN, 13 Aug 82).......ccceccceccecvcccceee 84

Lack of Road Research Funds Slammed
(Keith Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 10 Aug 82).......cceeeeeeceee 85

Degenaar Book on Afrikanerdom Reviewed
(Carina le Grange; THE STAR, 2 Aug 82).....ceeeceececeeceee 87

Details on 'Innovative' Bophuthatswana University Given
(THE STAR, 27 Jul 82)....cseeccccccc cece cess ncesscececccees 89

Briefs
Germiston Vote 91
Zulu Church Dispute 91
Buthelezi Excluded 91
Fort Hare Students 92
Work Permit Refusals 92
Census Count 92
TOGO
Briefs
Nigerian Presidential Envoy 94
ZAMBIA

Kaunda Notes Achievements of His Meeting With Botha
(Godfrey Malama; DAILY MAIL, 7 Aug 82).....eeeeeeeeessecee 95

Prime Minister Gives Details on Existing Border Disputes
(HIMES OF ZAMBIA, 7 Aug 82)....cccccccccccceeccecceceeeee 96

Party Team of Experts To Work Out Solutions To Economic

Problems
(SUNDAY TIMES, 8 AUg 82)...cecseccesccccscceccceeeces oes 97
World Bank Warns Government To Release Educational Projects
Funds
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 9 Aug 82)......--eeeeee Sees 98

Government Agricultural Investment
(SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Aug 82). ..ccesccccccccncccccsensvesssene 99

Reaction to Mealie Meal Price Increase Unfavorable
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 9 Aug 82, DAILY MAIL, 6 Aug 82)....... 100

Silimba's, Traders Association Statement
Consumers Protective Association Statement

-e-



GROUP TO INVESTIGATE ZCC COST-SAVING MEASURES

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 7 Aug 82 p 2

ZAMBIA

the powers to investigate all
mining, processing and
marketing operations in Zam-
bia under the Mines and
Minerals Act.

The report notes that the
current dependence on produc-
tion and marketing of copper
alone is leading the country in-
to greater, deeper, and more
serious economic difficulties.

“The mining sector has to be
diversified not only in the long
Tun but also in the immediate
future if the country has to
avoid a total collapse of the
economy.’”

._ It however says that Zambia
is fortunate in that both short-
term and long-term pdlicy op-
tions are available.

[text]
A group of mining engineers and financial experts is to be appointed by
the Party and its Government to investigate Zambia Consolidated Copper
Mines cost-saving measures. Soe

The Third National
Development Plan
(TNDP) annual plan for
1982 just released in
Lusaka reports that the.
aim of this exercise is to
nationalise ZCCM opera-
tions.

The areas to be covered are:

@ Sources of purchases o! 5, shan
machinery, equipment and @ Scrutiny of the feasibility
spares. Price changes of these Studies of the major current
items over the last decade and future capital projects of
especially after 1973-74; the ZCCM. .

‘@ ZCCM’s management The group would also in-
consultancy agreements with vestigate costs and practices of
foreign firms; marketing of copper, cobalt,

@ Underground blasting gold and silver as well as other
and services sub-contracting © Precious and’ semi-precious.
practices; stones by the Metal Marketing

@ Transportation of ore, Corporation of Zambia
concentrates and finished pro- The plan said that if
ducts; necessary, United Nations

@ Contracts for supply of evelopment Programme
manpower; Ply (UNDP) assistance could be

@ ZCCM inventories in- Sought in recruiting the
cluding dead stock at eack necessary personnel for the in-
mine; {istigation team from the

@ Control of production of Inited- Nations centre for
gold and silver from slimes at transnational corporations.
Ndola and Kabwe refineries; _ The Ministry of Mines has

csO: 4700/1729

106



Calls

Upon the entire movement to study the various documents composed by the
committee in order to translate into action the directions and duties defined
in the various areas. Particular attention should be paid to publicizing the
theses of the congress regarding elections, also to implementing our
policies concerning women and youth. This involves organizing the AND-JEF
women's movement ("Jigeeni AND-JEF") and the AND-JEF youth movement within
the shortest possible time.

The congress

Believes:

That the start of operations at the Ecole de Formation [Training School]
is a necessity which we cannot afford to delay;

Also, invites:

The National Executive Committee to initiate publication of a central organ
for the movement as soon as possible.

The congress
Has studied, amended and adopted the movement's statutes and programs, and
has conducted democratic, widely based elections of its General Council and

National Executive Committee.

Long live the struggle of the proletariat, and of the peoples and oppressed
nations of the world!

Long live the new democracy!

Long live socialism!

Long live AND-JEF, the Revolutionary Movement -for :the New Democracy!
New National Executive Committee

Dakar JAAY DOOLE BI in French No 29 Jun 82 p 6

[List of Members of the MRDN National Executive Committee]

[Text]--Secretary general: Landing Savane, statistical engineer.

--Assistants: Alioune Sene, railroad worker and train engineer, and Mamadou
Diop Decroix, computer specialist.

--Political secretary: Amadou Top, computer specialist.

--Secretary for the worker and union movement: Bocar Ndiaye, bank employee.

65



DRIVERS UNION VOLUNTEERS TO DELIVER RURAL MAIL

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 5 Aug 82 p 12

[Article by Gregory Dembo Jebon]

[Text]

cso:

4700/1728

The Liberian Federation of
Drivers Union’ has made a
voluntary offer to the
Ministry of Posts and
Telecommunications with
regard to taking mail to the
ivarious parts of rural Liberia.

A union official said they
have decided to assist the
‘ministry because they have
Observed that people in the
rural parts of the country
were not receiving their let-
ters and parcels, at times for
months.

Because of this, Mr. Leo
Tugbeh, acting president’ of
the union, said that commer-
cial vehicles would take mail .
to those areas not reached by
“airplanes:: "=~

« Mr. :Tugbeh’ revealed this
when he headed a five-man
team that: called “on the
Minister “of Posts and
Telecommunications, Dr. S.
Abdulai Vandi, yesterday to
discuss their offer...

The Minister thanked them
for’ their desire to help the
ministry improve the postal
system in the country, par-
ticularly” to’ speed up mail

20

delivery to‘other parts of the
country.

He informed the union of-
ficials that the ministry had
attempted to use the same
system before but it failed. He

hoped this time: it would —

“work.

Dr. Vandi said his ministry
was working on plans to yre-
vent mail being stucked up at
the Central Post Office in
Monrovia.

He further revealed that
the ministry was making

“plans for a-workshop to im-
prove the skills of rural
postmasters.. “

He hoped Mr. Tugbeh
would attend the workshop
in order to lecture’ the rural
postmasters on how his union
would work along with them
in the implementation of the
project.

Before that a team from the
urfion is to meet with Mr. S,
Gblozuo Toweh, , Deputy
Minister for Administration,
to find a quick solution to the
problem of: delayed mail
resulting from transportation
problem facing the ministry.

LIBERIA



She added that the trial before the Danish court resulted in a conviction for
the Danish Shipping Company, which was involved in one of the above-mentioned
breaches of contract, and it was forced to pay the amount in question.

The same official at the Ministry of Foreign Trade also said that as a conse-
quence of the breaches of contract, the Angolan Government negotiated a con-
tract with the SGS (General Supervision Company), a Swiss firm that guarantees
supervision of the merchandise either on board ship or as it is being loaded,
chiefly to check the price, quality, and quantity.

The JORNAL DE ANGOLA also learned that as a result of the breached contracts
in 1977, IMPORTANG petitioned to have four Greek ships seized--all of them be-
longing to one of the shipowning firms involved in the fraud.

11798
CSO: 4742/348



by the plant of a part of its generators' production, to be sure. In the
months to come we will determine what other plants can move ahead with elec—
tricity production. It should be noted, moreover, that Medine has already
made improvements, and that it supplied 11 GWh in 1981. The more electrical
energy we produce on the basis of waterfalls and bagasse, the more we can
economize on imports of heavy oil. .

[Question] What about the proposed establishment of a plant using coal?

[Answer] We are seriously studying the possibility of moving ahead with the
bagasse pelletization project, which has the advantage of giving the fuel
higher caloric value. We are contemplating the possibility of establishing

a plant using bagasse pellets during the cutting season, and coal in the
intervals. It is possible that this plant can even use wood. Teams of
workers have been successful at the University of Mauritius and elsewhere in
Mauritius in cultivating a "miracle tree" which grows extremely rapidly. On
the basis of preliminary results, this tree could be cultivated in areas which
are currently not in use or are underexploited, to produce feed for animals
and energy. It is a kind of acacia which could be used, among other things,
as is already being done in a number of other countries (Hawaii, India, the
Philippines, etc.), for the production of coal to produce the energy needed
for cooking food. (Editor's note: This tree, planted from seed, grows taller
than 5 meters in 6 or 7 months, and some varieties may reach 20 meters in 5
years.) In any case, we will continue to give priority to the search for new
energy sources which could make a valuable contribution in 5 or 10 years to
the energy budget of the country. Wind power, for example, will be studied
in connection with Rodrigues, where electrical distribution problems exist.

[Question] Will summer time be introduced?

[Answer] Yes. We are studying its implications now. We plan to introduce
summer time this year in November, setting clocks back 1 hour. In principle,
this will be done from November to February. Thus the people can utilize the
maximum of natural light provided by the sun, retiring early. With regard to
the CEB [Central Electricity Board], its early evening peak load will be re-
duced, and as a result we will invest less in installed capacity. People will
have more free time in the afternoon, and thus a greater potential in terms
of leisure.

[Question] Where oil imports are concerned, you have decided that the govern—
ment itself will take charge, instead of the multinational companies. Do you
however foresee supply difficulties?

{Answer] The basic idea is this: the government should have control over im-
ports of such a product for strategic reasons. The distribution network will
remain as it is. As to the means of guaranteeing regular supply, we have
analyzed these and are taking all the necessary steps. We do not foresee any
difficulty with the availability of tankers, for example. We are making the
necessary contacts. Our reports will soon be ready, and we will submit our
plan to the cabinet very soon. In addition, I have discussed matters with the

25



TOGO

BRIEFS

NIGERIAN PRESIDENTIAL ENVOY--A 6-man Nigerian delegation led by Ibrahim Gasau,
the minister of industries, was received this morning in audience by

Gen Gnassingbe Eyedema, the founding chairman of the Togolese People's Rally,
president of the republic. The delegation, which arrived in Lome yesterday
evening, brought a message from President Shehu Shagari to President Eyadema.
Kwassive Kpetigo, a member of the Central Committee and minister of industries
and state enterprises, accompanied the delegation to the Presidential Palace
this morning. After the audience with the head of state, Mr Gasau, the Nigerian
minister of industries, made a statement to the press. [Begin recording in
English fading into French translation] The topics we discussed are related
to methods of further promoting mutual cooperation between Togo and Nigeria.
Cooperation is being strengthened in the economic field. You know’ that

for years now Nigeria and Togo have been two sister countries, therefore

the two heads of state and presidents of these two countries are very close
friends. Thus we deem it proper to strengthen economic ‘cooperation for

the good of these two countries and their peoples. [end recording.] [Text]
[AB122040 Lome Domestic Service in French 1900 GMT 12 Aug 82]

cso: 4719/1281

94



DEGENAAR BOOK ON AFRIKANERDOM REVIEWED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 2 Aug 82 p 14

[Book Review by Carina le Grange:

[Text]

From a winter season
of Afrikaner congresses
came the voice of polit-
ical philosopher
Professor Johan Dege-
naar, presenting a rav-
aged Afrikanerdom
with a new choice of
Afrikanerskap.

Beyond the verligte
Afrikaner lies the new
morally critical Afrika-
ner, spawned in Stel-
lenbosch which is not
only the home of the
liberal Afrikaner tradi-
tion but which also
produced many of Afri-
kanerdom’s _ - political
leaders.

Not yet recovered
from the formal split
in the National Party
earlier this year, and
still reeling under the
challenge by 123 minis-
ters of the Nederduits
Gereformeerde Kerk -to
the synod to face
Tedlistic issues, Profes-
sor Degenaar’s concept
of the new Afrikaner
bas sparked off an
open and fierce feud
between leading Afrika-
ner intellectuals.

His latest book of
essays, Keuse vir die
Afrikaner.* on which
the address he de
livered ‘at the Political
Students’.” “ conference

was based, and which
turned the cold war
between establishment
verligtes and dissident
reformists into a blaz-
ing battle, was pub
lished last week. “y--~.

In the first section
he -sets out. the ar-
guments and rationale
for ‘critical Afrikaner-
skap and debunks ver-
ligte Afrikaner policy.
In doing so, he also
involves the work and
writings of some of his
allies.

It is an impressive
group of. intellectuals,
all ‘from Stellenbosch,
who threw down the
gauntlet, claiming the
right to an Afrikaner-
skap which. rejects and
dissociates from ‘Afrika-
ner. political power:
Professors Jacques
Kriel André du Toit,
Hermann Giliomee and
Nico Smith. .

The new develop
ment has already been

welcomed by many con-!

cerned South Africans,
but the most encourag-
ing factor that emerges

from Professor Dege-'

naar’s book might well
be that it resulted
from his discussions
with Afrikaner youth
experiencing a moral

87

SOUTH AFRICA

“Afrikaner Youth and a Moral Crisis"]

crisis - with. regard to
Afrikanerskad. «

These young Afrika-
ners, concerned abovt
Afrikaner culture, are
_questioning the identif-
ication of that culture
with Afrikaner nation-
alism, apartheid and
white supremacy.

Finding _ themselves
in this crisis, they are
disappointed with Afri-
kaner leadership. This
is due primarily to
these leaders — inclu-
ding. the — vertigte
leaders —being bound
to the nationalistic way
of thought and the fact
that Afrikaner politic:
al power-is seen as &
prerequisite for the
preservation of the
Afrikaner culture.

And ‘to illustrate the
schism that has already
developed between the
younger generation and
older generations of
‘Afrikaners, _ Professor
Degenaar points to dif-
ferences in reaction to
the controversy ‘which
surrounded Elsa
Joubert’s novel “Poppie
‘Nongena” and to his

two previous publica- -
tions, ‘“Moraliteit, en
Politiek” and “Voor



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

MEETING WITH SCHOLARSHIP STUDENTS--Lubango--Mariano Puku, provincial commis-
sioner for Huila, held a meeting yesterday afternoon with 92 students from
Huila and Cunene Provinces who are studying in Cuba on scholarships. They are
currently in Angola for a vacation. . During the meeting, the students were in-
formed of the politicomilitary and socioeconomic situation in Angola and brought
up to date on the most important events of the past few years. Mariano Puku
also urged the students to take maximum advantage of the scholarships and
wished them a good vacation. He also asked that they maintain the necessary
revolutionary spirit for achieving their goal. For their part, the students
spoke on behalf of all the others studying on the Isle of Youth under the same
conditions to express their satisfaction at studying in the homeland of "Marti
and Fidel" and committed themselves to put forth their best efforts to obtain
good results from their vocational training. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA
in Portuguese 16 Jul 82 p 2] 11798

HUAMBO INDUSTRY DIFFICULTIES-~Huambo~-Huambo Province currently has the third-
largest industrial plant in the country, after Luanda and Benguela. Industry
on the central plateau (light and heavy industry and the food industry) com-
prises a total of 56 enterprises (16 food enterprises, 27 light industrial units
and 13 units in heavy industry) that are facing tremendous difficulties due to
the lack of raw materials. The branch with the most serious shortage of raw
materials--with some production units even being brought to a standstill--is
the food industry. Light industry is struggling with the shortage of wood and
plastic, among other items, while the most serious problem for heavy industry
is the lack of aluminum and fittings for Ulisses motorbikes. Americo Bile,
provincial director of the processing industry and acting provincial delegate,
emphasized to ANGOP [ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY] that the lack of raw materials is
due in part to difficulties with transportation (even in the case of domesti-
cally produced raw materials), overuse of the equipment, and, most important,
the lack of cadres, a problem that is gradually being overcome by bringing in
graduates of the Industrial Institute and the Vocational Center. Light indus-
try is the most developed of the three existing industries due to the produc
tion from garment factories, whose raw material is produced domestically--more
specifically, it comes from the textile factory in Benguela. According to
Americo Bile, the equipment in some production units is overused and worn out.
There is a chance that some of it will be overhauled as a result of agreements
signed with foreign firms. [Excerpts] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese
16 Jul 82 p 3] 11798

CSO: 4742/348



blacks, 14 680 coloureds and 14 260 Indians). --The Cape Province showed a
total population of 5 million, including 1,2 million whites, 1,5 million
blacks, 2,2 million coloureds and 32 120 Indians. --Natal had a total
population of 2,6 million of which 1,3 million were blacks, 561 860 whites,
91 020 coloureds and 665 340 Indians, [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in
English 30 Jul 82 p 3]

csO: 4700/1731

93



ZAMB TA

WORLD BANK WARNS GOVERNMENT TO RELEASE EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS FUNDS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 9 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

THE World Bank has warned that unless the Govern-
ment releases funds for the educational main-
tenance programme all projects will be terminated.

In a quarterly progress report
tabled in Parliament, the
Zambia World Bank educa-
tion projects unit regretted
that the position regarding
counterpart funds continued
to be bad.

“It has been virtually impos-
sible to get any funds out
of the Ministry of Finance."”

As a result the secondary
schools maintenance pro-
gramme has been reduced
and unless funds are
allocated all projects will
be terminated.

It is clear that sufficient funds
to complete the primary
school programme will not
be allocated.

“The remaining seven schools
will, therefore not be
tendered. Instead we will
concentrate on completing
the five schools under
construction with the avail-
able funds.””

The report notes that alloca-
tion for 1982 has been
reduced to K1,241,000 while
the estimated expenditure is
K1,741,000 for this year.

“In addition the Ministry of
Finance is not releasing
funds regularly. The pro-
gramme has therefore been
reduced with immediate

4700/1729

effect and may be further
reduced unless the financial
position improves.”*

Procurement of spare parts
and materials from abroad
is not affected by the lack
of counterpart funds since
payments are made directly
from the World Bank.

On Kamwala Secondary
School, the report says 80
per cent of the work has
been completed.

On the primary school pro-
gramme, the unit notes that
only K1,860,000 has been
allocated in the 1982 budget
for the project as opposed to
an estimate of K4,995,000 to
complete the scheme.

“The present allocation is
only sufficient to complete

twoon-going contracts.

98

“The World Bank was inform-
ed about the situation when
fegotiations for the fifth
education project took place

_in Washington in March.””

Final accounts have been
agreed for all farm institutes
and farmers training centres
contracts.

The proposed project for the
fifth education —_ project
consists of the construction
of 11 new junior secondary
schools, eight to be financed
by the World Bank and
three by the African Deve-
lopment Bank.

A maintenance programme is
included. Negotiations for
the ADB component are
expected to be held in
Abidjan. Ivory: Coast this
year.



SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

TWO KEY MLSTP LEADERS WITHDRAW FROM PARTY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 12 Jul 82 p 7

[Text] Sao Tome 11 July--TIwo members of the highest organ of the Movement for
the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe (MLSTP) have asked to resign from the
party, the ANOP reported today, quoting the ANGOP [Angolan Press Agency].

Leonel Mario D'Alva, former minister of foreign affairs and cooperation, and
Daniel Daio, former minister of defense and national security, are those re-
signing from the coordination council of the MLSTP (Political Bureau). A third
political leader, Evaristo do Espirito Santo Carvalho, former minister of in-
dustry, construction and housing, also asked to resign from that leading body,
but he indicated his desire to continue as a member.

The reasons for the withdrawal requests were not revealed. Observers quoted by
the ANGOP believe that the reasons may be found in a statement published by

the coordination council on Friday. According to that document, "there is

a passive attitude on the part of some officials, which has led to failure to
implement the planned tasks and has paralyzed the operation of some departments."
The control and review commission, after submitting its report, declared itself
inoperative and recommended the suspension of the executive secretariat of

the political bureau.

This same document says that these requests for withdrawal "should be analyzed
within the context of the revolutionary process," in which "individual in-
terests conflict with the collective interest."

Daniel Daio was dismissed from his post as minister of defense and national
security, which President Pinto da Costa then took over.

Some observers linked his dismissal at the time with certain rebellions which
occurred on the island of Principe in the final days of December 1981.

The imprisonment of the then prime minister, Miguel Trovoada, in 1979, was
viewed by some commentators as the result of a clash with Daniel Daio.

5157
csO: 4742/356

61



SOMAL IA

SAUDI DAILY INTERVIEWS SOMALI FOREIGN MINISTER
GF081852 Jidda "UKAZ in Arabic 3 Aug 82 p 10

[Text of interview with Somali Foreign Affairs Minister Abdurahan Jama Barre
with 'UKAZ correspondent Dr 'Abd al-Karim Ya'qub, in Jidda--date not given]

[Text] The Somali minister began his interview by talking about his current
mission. He said: "My visit to Saudi Arabia is designed to exchange views
with officials. I carried messages from the Somali President to the leaders
of the Gulf countries. I will also convey a message to YAR President

"Ali ‘Abdallah Salih after my visit to Saudi Arabia. These messages deal
with current problems in the Arab world, the latest developments in the
Horn of Africa and Israeli aggression against the Palestinian and Lebanese
peoples. My contacts in the countries of the region and in Saudi Arabia
were very fruitful particularly my meeting with His Majesty King Fahd. As
an Arab and Islamic country, Somalia is bound to consult from time to time
with its brothers in other Arab countries so as to work together in tackling
the problems that face us all and to exchange views on them out of concern
for our joint political and strategic interests. This is the objective of
my current mission in the region, moreover, it is Somalia's policy to hold
consultations with Arab brothers on whatever concerns the Arab nation and
whatever benefits its interests.

[Question] What are the latest developments regarding the military situation
particularly in light of the current fighting between the Somali and Ethiopian
forces?

[Answer] As you know, the Ethiopian forces, together with their allies,
began aggressive action against our territory last June. This aggression
still continues. This aggression is aimed at various areas along the border
with Somalia, particularly the central regions. At the beginning, the
aggression was aimed at the small city of (Kolko), and they occupied it.
However, the Somali army, thank God, entered the battle against the aggressive
forces, there were losses in materiel and manpower by two sides. There are
still Ethiopian forces occupying many ‘kilometers of Somalia's territory.

In less than 7 days after this assault, the Ethiopian forces moved toward
the big cities. They occupied the city of (Gelto). The Ethiopian forces
penetrated Somalia's territory to a depth of about 15 kilometers. The

two cities which the enemy is occupying are deserted because the inhabitants

67



KENYA

PAPER PRAISES PEOPLE'S BEHAVIOR AFTER COUP ATTEMPT
FAL51531 Nairobi SUNDAY NATION in English 15 Aug 82 p 6
[Editorial: "On the Right Track Again"]

[Text] While the sad and shameful events of August 1, 1982, will probably
stay in. the minds of Kenyans for a long time to come,.it is commendable
the way the vast majority of Kenyans have reacted and behaved in the past
few days.

The government, for its part, deserves in no small measure commendation for
the way it has conducted the affairs of state since August l.

A major task facing the government in the aftermath of the events of that
terrible day was to ensure Wananchi across the land that their popularly
elected government was still .very much in control, that the country was still
being run in an order and civilised manner,

It would not be inaccurate to. say that the government has more than succeeded
in restoring Wananchis confidence in it and its ability to guide and govern
them,

By making clear that its paramount task is to ensure the security and well-
being of Kenyans, by knocking rumours as they have cropped up and by

warning unscrupulous traders against hoarding goods and overcharging consumers,
the government has ensured a return to normalcy at a quicker pace than ever
the most optimistic among us could have guessed.

And by keeping the public informed of developments arising out of the dis-
turbances the government has pulled the rug out from under those evil
elements who might have sought to capitalize from the situation.

Time is the great healer, and with its. passage Kenyans may yet forget, if not
forgive, the misguided elements who made an almost amateurism attempt to
topple the government on August 1,

As loyalty demonstrations held across the nation in the last few days proved,
Kenyans stick together in the face of adversity and stand ready to fight for
and defend their hard won independence--and their government.

cso: 4700/1718
12



KAUNDA NOTES ACHIEVEMENTS OF HIS MEETING WITH BOTHA

Lusaka DAILY MAIL in English 7 Aug 82 p 1

[Article by Godfrey Malama]

[Excerpt]

cso:

PRESIDENT Kaunda revealed here yesterday that three African
National Congress (ANC) freedom fighters who were to be
executed recently had .been pardoned after his meeting with

South African Prime Minister Pieter Botha.

Dr Kaunda told Mr Randall

Robinson, a member of the

black caucus of the United
States Congress, that this was
one of the achievements that
could be attributed to his April
30 meeting with Mr Botha.
The President’s ‘disclosure

“was prompted by severe criti-

cism in some quarters some of
which implied that the Kaunda
/Botha meeting achieved

jothing.

The President maintained
that it was necessary to meet
the South African Premier, but
declined to say other requests
which the Zambian govern-
ment made to the Pretoria re-
gime.

4700/1729

95

“Other requests which we
made are being considered. it
would be wrong for me to dis-
close the other requests we
made,” he said.

But he stated that ne bilate-
ral issues were discussed at
the April meeting on no-man’s
land on the border between
South Africa and Botswana.

He said the decision to meet
Mr Botha was made purely be-
cause of ‘‘a sincere and honest
desire’”’ to achieve peace in the:
region and thereby avert a ho-
jocaust which he predicted
would take place in five year’s
time if the regime continued to
be intransigent. 4° °°

i
}
ZAMBIA



LIBERIA

MULTI-MILLION DOLLAR FISHING COMPANY TO START SOON
Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 6 Aug 82 p 3
[Article by J.M. Cassell]

[text] The frequent problem of fish shortage on the market is to perhaps
be solved when a multi-million dollar fishing company begins operations
shortly.

Founded by a Liberian entrepreneur, Mr Sekou Amara Jabateh when the

Telama fishing company begins operations (perhaps this month) Monrovians
as well as those in the rural areas will receive a "steady supply" of fish-
all species.

The Telama Corporation according to its founder, has also earmarked 300
persons for employment, Already 100 persons have been employed by the
corporation.

Mr Jabateh, President of the Corporation in an interview with the NEW
LIBERIAN Thursday, said the primary concern of Telama (Kpelle for working
together) would be to mike up for the insufficient supply of fish on the
market. His rationale is simple: "Not everybody can afford to buy cow
meat."

And besides, he said the principal fishing agent in the country Mesurado has
not been providing an adequate supply of fish on the mrket, "Although
Mesurado is supplying the market with fish, however this supply is insuffi-
cient for the masses,"

When asked whether he saw it risky to get into the fish business with a
company as Mesurado which has been riding a tide of success, he said: ‘We
have no intention of competitng with Mesurado, ours is aimed at putting
enough fish on the market just for the masses, No competition. "

Telama located opposite the Freeport of Monrovia is typical success story
which began early this year with the infusion of $1.5 million.

17



allow joking when it is a matter of their independence and sovereignty. For
the people of Mozambique are unwavering and consistent in their principles
and their class position.

They defend Marxism-Leninism and nonalignment, and they are struggling for
peace, happiness and progress. All of this is the universal heritage, and
there are not only in their countries, but throughout the world, those who

are not and never can be alone in this task. Without demagogy, without insult,
without offense and without interference.

Chissano Remarks
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 14 Jul 82 p 8

[Text] Minister of Foreign Affairs Joaquim Chissano said yesterday in Lisbon
that cooperation between Mozambique and Portugal is developing between two
independent and sovereign nations. The head of the Mozambican diplomatic ser-
vice made this statement of principle in speaking to the media after a meeting
with President Ramalho Eanes and Prime Minister Pinto Balsemao. Joaquim Chis-
sano was in Lisbon yesterday on his way to the United States.

The Mozambican minister of foreign affairs met forst, in the Portuguese capital,
with General Ramalho Eanes, the president of the republic, and later with Prime
Minister Pinto Balsemao. According to ANOP, the official Portuguese news agency,
the Mozambican minister informed both leaders of the views of the government

of Mozambique concerning the current status of relations between the two coun-
tries.

The ANOP reported that the Mozambican minister of foreign affairs, in answer to
questions from journalists, stated that military cooperation between Mozambique
and Portugal does not necessarily mean "an exchange of personnel."

The military cooperation between Portugal and Mozambique is being coordinated
by the respective defense ministries, and may involve many aspects, Maj Gen
Joachim Chissano stated.

When asked by journalists if he thinks that the attitude of the Portuguese
government toward the African countries is of a neocolonial type, Minister
Joachim Chissano confirmed the principles of indiependence and sovereignty
endorsed by Portugal and Mozambique.

This has been repeatedly stressed by both parties, he said, and to date Mozam-
bique has no reason to think that the Portuguese government has made any state-
ments contrary to such an attitude.

The ANOP reported that at the airport, on his departure for New York, the minis—
ter explained that during his stay in that U.S. city he is scheduled to partici-
pate in talks to be held on the process by which Namibia will gain independence.

Apart from plans to attend the joint meetings being held by the Front Line and
the Western Contact Group, Joaquim Chissano gave no details about the meetings
he will attend in the United States. However, he acknowledged that he may
meet with U.S. authorities.

5157 46
cso: 4742/356



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

GERMISTON VOTE--More than 1 000 votes--895 postal votes and 197 special
votes--had already been cast in the crucial Germiston District provincial
by-election by yesterday afternoon, The postal votes, except for 77 claimed
by the Hertigte Nasionale Party, were at this stage more or less evenly
divided between the National Party and the Conservative party, The HNP
was, however, unexpectedly in the lead with special votes, claiming 102,
Most of the remaining 95 came from Conservative Party supporters, Postal
voting, for voters who will be away from the constituency on polling day,
closes on Friday, Special voting for voters such as policemen, railwaymen
and nurses who will not be away, but will be unable because of their work
to get to a polling booth, closes on August 16, There are 15 624 eligible
voters in the Germiston District constituency. Polling takes place on
August 18. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 9]

ZULU CHURCH DISPUTE--Warring members of a Zulu tribal church were urged on
Wednesday by Mr Justice Leon in the Supreme Court, Durban, to end a six-
year-old leadership dispute. A member of the KwaZulu cabinet, Chief Mzonjani
Ngcobo, has brought a R30 000 damages defamation claim against Mr Londa
Shembe, leader of one faction, and Mr Michael Green, editor of the Daily
News, after a report in the Daily News. The chief alleges the report implied
he had encouraged an ambush on a pilgrimage, The trial was adjourned to
November. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 3]

BUTHELEZI EXCLUDED--A row is brewing in Natal between Inkatha and the Luthuli
Memorial Committee over the committee's refusal to invite Chief Gatsha
Buthelezi to a service on Sunday to commemorate the 19th anniversary of Chief
Albert Luthuli's death. The service, scheduled for August 1 at Groutville,
Chief Luthuli's home town, was postponed to August 15 and the venue was
changed to Durban because of objections raised by Chief Buthelezi's supporters
over his exclusion in the programme of speakers, According to Mr Arthur
Gumede, a member of the Luthuli Memorial Committee, no formal invitation had
been sent to anybody to attend the service, "Fearing the likelihood of a
division in the commmity and that an unpleasant situation might crop up,

we decided to change the date and the venue to this weekend in Durban."
[rext] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Aug 82 p 3]

91



[Question] Does the government plan to review the status of the crown lands
which have been leased out?

[Answer] A first assessment makes it clear that there has been irrational
distribution of the crown lands. It is our intention to review the situation
completely, so that the crown lands can be used judiciously, because of the
very fact that the government is faced with a problem of available locations
for its planned housing.

Very strict control should be exercised over the crown lands.

[Question] Are you satisfied with the way the environment is being safe~
guarded in Mauritius?

[Answer] The environment is not being respected in optimal fashion. More—
over, we see the building of factories in residential areas, with the obvious
threat of pollution. It is necessary to establish proper zoning for indus-
trial and residential sites.

Steps should be taken such as to prevent any threat of pollution. This must

be done in cooperation with the other authorities involved. Nor should educa~
tion programs, which can play a very great role in this sector, be neglected.

5157
csO: 4719/1219

29



‘IT's WAR,

' CALLER WARNS LESOTHO

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

4700/1732

THE outlawed Basuto-
land Congress Party
and its military wing,
the Lesotho Liberation
Army, were at war with
the Government of
Chief Leabua Jonathan
and would press at-
tacks “almost every
day”, a man claiming to
be the head of the BCP
and LLA, Mr Ntsu Mok-
hehle, said in a state-
ment telephoned -to
Sapa in Johannesburg

“Tam currently stay-_
ing with my people in
Lesotho,

our plan to return Leso-
tho to a legal and con-
stitutional Govern-

13

within Lesotho. In fact
you have heard of only
a fraction of what has
happened.”

The caller's state-
ment contained no re-
ference to the death of
Lesotho’s Minister of
Works, Mr Jobo Rampe-
ta, in an ambush on his
car near his home on
Saturday.

The Minister’s driver
and a member of his
‘police escort were also
killed.

The caller said: “We
have no wish to kill
people but Jonathan
and his henchmen have
refused to react to our
warnings earlier this
year that war would be
waged on his regime
and those who support
it unless free and fair
elections were held
under conditions which
were outlined at that
time.

“Now that war is in

progress.” — Sapa. — _

LESOTHO



SWA CONTACT GROUP RENTS OFFICES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 11 Aug 82 p 2

[text]

Windhoek -- the
West German Depart-
ment of Foreign Affairs
has applied, on behalf
of the Western contact
group, to rent an entire’
floor for offices in a
new high-rise building
in Windhoek’s central
business district, a
spokesman for an Ang-
lo American subsidiary
company said yester-
day.

A draft lease has
been prepared and sub-
mitted to the various
parties for their consid-
eration, he added.

As speculation
mounted that an agree-
ment in South West
Africa was imminent,
the Administrator-Gen-
eral of the territory, Mr
Danie Hough, said.
South Africa was
standing firm that Cu-
ban forces should with-
draw from Angola. i

Mr Hough referred in
a statement to a decla-
ration by the leader of
Swapo, Mr Sam Nujo-
ma, in Tripoli this week
that Swapo was ready
to sign a_ ceasefire
agreement by the end
of this week.

Delicate
“Current negotia-
tions are no in a deli-
cate phase,” Mr Hough
said.
“But I want to em-
phasise that there can-

57

not be implementation
of any settlement plan
without concurrence on
the withdrawal of Cu-
ban troops from An-
gola.” -

Mr Hough said the
departure of Cuban
military personnel from
Angola was a prerequi-
site for free and fair
elections in South West
Africa. :

“The South African
Government is now
awaiting conclusion of
an agreement on this
aspect,” he ‘added.

Windhoek’s pro-Gov- '

ernment newspaper Die
Republikein said agree-
ment had already been
reached on the with-
drawal of the Cuban
troops.

The report, quoting
Western diplomatic
sources, said news of
the agreement would be
tabled in New York
when discussions re-
sumed tomorrow be-
tween the five-nation
Western contact group
and interested parties.

Exchange

Concurrence on the
Cuban departure from
Angola, in exchange for
Western economic aid,
resulted from negotia-
tions between the US,
France and the An-
golan Government, the
report said.

NAMIBIA



ZIMBABWE

COLUMNIST COMPARES USHEWOKUNZE TO IDI AMIN
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Aug 82 p 6
[article by Aida Parker]

[text]

ONE of the strangest, in many ways most sinis-
ter, figures strutting the Southern African stage
today Is Zimbabwe's Minister of Home Affairs,

Dr Herbert Ushewokunze.

Although his fellow
radical, Dr Eddison
Zvobgo; runs him a
close second, Dr Ushe-
wokunze, by his fero-'
cious outbursts against
Whites, the medical ©
profession and the ju-
diciary, has probably
done more to frighten
away Whites (and for-.'
eign investment) from
Zimbabwe than any |
other member of the °
Mugabe Cabinet. *-
Despite an extremely
odd personal .back-
ground, including court
allegations of involve-
ment in  witchcraft- ‘
murder and sorcery, he
is a man to be watched.
Many analysts in © Ha-
rare today see him asa
possible top contender
for Zanu leadership in
the event of any Zim-
babwean coup, =

Natal studies |

What manner of man ©
is he? Except that he '
was born in the Maran-
dellas. _ (Marondera) |
district of peasant
stock in. 1939, little is
known of his early
childhood. After.school- |
ing at Sinoia (Mad-

wize) and then at'the
Goromonzi Secondary
School, -he ~ studied
medicine at the Univer-
sity of Natal, graduat-
ing there.in 1965, aged
26.

‘While in Natal, he be-

Medical Students and a
member of the radical
Pan-Africanist
gress of of Azania. ornant
of the Zim-
bebwe Department of
Information (March,
1981) state that he left
South Africa under
threat of expulsion for
his “outspoken views.”

Bulawayo.

After the death of a
patient, the police open-
ed an abortion docket,
but. before court pro-
ceedings could begin,

110

beleland,
standing him in great
good stead today. He re-
surfaced in 1976 as a
Zanu-PF delegate to
the abortive Geneva

_ Confererice.

He began making his
mark in Zanu-PF when

- he moved to Mozambi-

que; becoming a mem-

. ber of the Party’s Cen-

tral Committee and its
Secretary of Health.
When the Marxist Gov-
ernment took power in.

. April, 1980, Mr Mugabe

‘appointed him Minister
of Health.

Witchdoctors

His tenure in this
portfolio was: remark-
able, to say the least. In
September, 1880, he hit
the headlines when he
called 1000 of Zim-
babwe’s _witchdoctors
and spirit mediums to-
gether, to form Zinata,

the Zimbabwe National
Traditional Healers’
Association.



CIPEC Headquarters To Be Moved to Lusaka, Oil Prospecting
Launched

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 6 Aug 82)... 102
SIDA Grants Funds to Improve Zambia Railways

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 7.\Aug 82)....seseeeeee 103
INDP Notes 1982 Aims, Poor Economic Performance in 1981

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 6 Aug 82)... sees eeeee 104
Governor Says Some Expatriate Miners Plotting To Create Staff

Crisis

(DAILY MATL, 9 Aug 82). .ceccccccccveccccceecssccescenees 105
Group To Investigate ZCC Cost-Saving Measures

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 7 Aug 82)...sceececccccsccccccenccoecs 106
Kalabo Communications Breakdown

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 9 Aug 82). cesccesccccccccccccccesceecs 107
Japanese Mass Media Training

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 9 Aug 82)...sceceecccccscerccccecccere 108
Briefs

ADB Loan 109

ZIMBABWE

Columist Compares Ushewokunze to Idi Amin
(Aida Parker; THE CITIZEN, 10 Aug 82).....escececcscsecce 110



SOUTH AFRICA

DETAILS ON ‘INNOVATIVE’ BOPHUTHATSWANA UNIVERSITY GIVEN

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Jul 82 p 21

[Article:

[text]

"A University Takes Root in the veld"]

Im the shape of a
squat concrete pyTa-
mid,. the University
of Bophuthatswana’
rises out of the flat
‘unyielding Mmaba-
tho veld,’ an outpost
in education.

‘The dusty silence is
broken by the Setswa-
ma strains of “Radio
Bop, the station with a
mind of its own” — a
pepular reminder that
epartheid has no place
in this excised piece of
South Africa, this uni-
an‘: autonomous, » open.
university with its
roots in the community
were laid by the people
of Bophuthatswana more
than 20 years ago.

Despite their im-
poverished: state and 1
Mited resources, the
Tswanas contributed

R100 000 towards the

establishment of their

own open university,
‘but it was not until

independence in 1977.
‘that the dreams and

plans could be put into

- Even then, it, took 2
further three years be-
fore the official launch
of -UniBo under the
guidance of the first
rector, Dr Jacques
Kriet.

Three years on, and
the reins are now in
the hands of Professor
John Makhene, the uni-
versity’s first vice
‘chancellor, “I've really.
inherited’ a ~ colossal
task; he’ said _ smiling
broadly on his first day
in office last week.

Seemingly undaunted
by the prospect, Profes-
sor Makhene
nonetheless has an un~
enviable role — to
maintain ~ the
pioneering . course of
the university and ex-
pand its facilities with
limited funds.

“Education is not en-
foying a high priority
at the moment in Bo-
phuthatswana. —_ Really
one cannot blame the
government. ‘They are
in a constant state of
conflict —~ either they
provide. the money to
create an infrastructure
and jobs for people, or
they spend the money
on education.

89

“At the moment they
are more worried about
creating jobs.”

But whatever the
financial flow, Profes-
gor Makhené sets his
ideals high: to ensure
the university does not
become the academic
ivory tower — remote
from the community,
and secondly to deve-
lop the African charac
ter of UniBo.

As an. “institution-in-
evolution” UniBo has
already. committed it-
self to, respond to the
changing needs. of ‘the
Batswana.._people. and
the country, and to
contribute to the deve
lopment of the society.

This is reflected in
the compulsory courses
of development studies,
basic English, basic
maths and communica-
tion ‘and study skills
for all first-year
students.

UniBo has. also de-
vised a  study-service
programme to give the
students the opportu-
nity to practise what
they have learned, and
to maintain close bonds
with the community at
large. _—



[Question] Where the unemployed are concerned, will the government differen-
tiate among them?

[Answer] -The unemployment compensation system we hope to set up affects all
the unemployed. One great difficulty exists in Mauritius: it involves eval-
uating those people who are self-employed. No register of this sort exists.
Whatever the case, we do not want to discriminate in any way among the various
existing categories of the unemployed. We will give no priority to the un-
employed who have certificates or diplomas. There will be no discrimination.

However, we will devote priority attention in an initial stage to unemployed
heads of families. Moreover, we do not see any difficulty in adding a
national pension fund provision for workers, which would cover them in case
of dismissal. We are in agreement with the study and report by Mr
Joynathsingh, a lecturer at the University of Mauritius, who says that this
is perfectly possible, without requiring any additional contribution.

[Question] What will the policy of the government be with regard to employ-
ment abroad?

[Answer] There is in fact a demand for Mauritian manpower in the Middle East,
in Saudi Arabia, in the Gulf countries and in Libya. I think it is good to
encourage these young people who have an opportunity to go abroad to work.

But first of all, we must be certain of the working and living conditions pre-
vailing in these countries. I have learned that some citizens of Mauritius
who have gone abroad have had difficulty adapting. As a result, I have asked
that a thorough survey and a study of the contracts signed be made. I intend
to order a study by a high official in my ministry, who will visit the coun-
tries involved to study the conditions under which Mauritian workers live
there on the spot.

Whatever the case, I am convinced that we should encourage those who want to
go abroad to work, pending the recovery of our economy and the future creation
of jobs for our young people.

[Question] The Sugar Industry Labor Welfare Fund (SILWF) under the jurisdic—
tion of your ministry has been the subject of harsh criticism in the past.
How do you plan to reorganize it?

[Answer] First of all, we will reorganize the committee in charge. We plan
to do this in such a way as to fill the post of director general as soon as
possible. At the same time, purely nominal posts will be abolished.

Total autonomy of administration will be given the new committee established.
I will see to it personally. Similarly, we will also see to it that there is
no discrimination when it comes to aid.

Where the SILWF "housing estates" are concerned, major infrastructure work re—
mains to be undertaken. The "dockers' flats" are my priority concern. Final-
ly, it is necessary to see to it that ratings and rewards no longer create
electoral pockets, but are distributed among meritorious organizations.

34



PRIME MINISTER GIVES DETAILS ON EXISTING BORDER DISPUTES

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 7 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

4700/1729

PRIME Minister Mundia
yesterday said Zambia’s nego-
tiations over border disputes
with Malawi had been con-
siderably weakened by some
Zambians who refused to move
from territory that was clearly
in Malawi.

Mr Mundia said this in Par-
liament during a question and
answer session on what
measures the Government was
taking to resolve existing
border disputes.

He was specifically referring
to a point or order raised. by
Member of Parliament for
Kapoche Rev Ben Zulu who
wondered whether the Govern-
ment was in order to-be inac-
tive while Zambians were being
squeezed from all directions.

The premier said people in
Mr Zulu’s constituency were
among those resisting moves to
vacate Malawian territory.

There were certain portions
of land which Malawi agreed
were in Zambian territory and
had moved her nationals from
such land. Zambia too had
withdrawn some of her people

96

from land that lay in Malawi.’*

He. appealed to those vil-
lagers now resisting to move to
cooperate, with the Govern-
ment.and give it a free-hand in
negotiations. ‘

He cautioned MPs to be
careful when referring to
border disputes. .

Some MPs spoke carelessly
and observed that while he
knew that in these times
members had their eyes on
their voters, they should not
endanger national security in
trying to woo votes.

He said countries in

Southern Africa were, as a
group, drawing measures to
eliminate border conflicts.
. Earlier Mr Zulu had told the
House that while one country
had planted its national flag on
Zambian soil, another had set
up offices of a branch of its
political party and was claim-
ing a church that was on Zam-
bian soil.

Mr Mundia said while he
knew of the flag post on Zam-

soil, he had no infofma-
tion regarding the other two
allegations made by Mr Zulu.

ZAMBIA



MAURITIUS

OPPOSITION LEADER ADDRESSES PARLIAMENT ON GOVERNMENT PROGRAM
Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 14 Jul 82 p 5

[Text] The leader of the opposition, Sir Gaetan Duval, sought to delimit the
government's field of action in terms of the creation of jobs in the near
future during his first address to the legislative assembly. To justify his
statements concerning the creation of jobs, the opposition leader said that
"The government will be judged at the end of the year on the basis of the num—
ber of jobs created." Sir Gaetan Duval also spoke of the foreign policy of
the MMM/PSM/OPR [Organization of the Rodrigues People] government, particular-
ly where our relations with South Africa and the government intentions set
forth in the program-address pertaining to recognition of the African Nation—-
al Congress (ANC) are concerned.

On the subject of creating jobs, the opposition leader voiced his surprise at
the fact that to date "We have heard talk about pornography, drugs and the
witch hunt, but nothing about the creation of jobs." In an effort to delimit
the sectors in which the creation of jobs in the more or less short run might
be successful, the opposition leader excluded the civil service and the para-
state personnel at the outset. In his view, "the state of grace may continue
with the launching of projects in the northern and southern parts of the
island." In fact, he proposed that the work of enlarging the Plaisance air-
port be started.

In his view, the government should abandon the prestigious airport construc—
tion project in the north. In support of his opinion on this matter, the
opposition leader said that the financing sources for this kind of project
are becoming ever scarcer, while the funds necessary for the Plaisance expan-
sion project, mainly British, are available. Undertaking the work at
Plaisance would not only provide hundreds of the unemployed with work, but
would breathe new life into the construction industry.

Where development in the north is concerned, Mr Duval said that the land ex-
propriated by the government for the building of the airport in the north
could be used for the building of an athletic stadium for multiple sports, in
which the next Indian Ocean Island Games, scheduled for next year, could be
held. With regard to financing, the opposition leader said that the French
government has already voiced its intention to contribute financially to the

37