Paris (Ny vola no maha-lehila hy:" [translationa unknown]) as one of our
good local sayings has it, is a hopeful sign for the future of relations
between France and Madagascar. And--after all--also for the recovery of
our economy, since as everyone knows the French contribution plays a major
role in it. All the same, one must note the words of Boky Mena on foreign
aid, which should always be considered a "supplement," never a "complement."
In other words, to get out of the current crisis, we must "PRODUCE AND KEEP
PRODUCING: ALWAYS PRODUCE." We also require a radical change of attitudes.
At all levels.

9516
cso: 4719/1390

13


JUSTICE MINISTER DENOUNCES WESTMINISTER SYSTEM

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 11

[Text] ALLANRIDGE. <

cso:

South Africa must
break away from the
Westminster system as
soon as possible be-
cause it could mean
South Africa’s dawn-
fall, the minister of jus-
tice, MrKobie Coetsee
said at a National Party
meeting in Allanridge,
OFS, on thursday
night. .

Mr Coetsee said the.
Wenger.the, Westminster:
system was is “use -in
South Africa, the greater
the danger was that the
Blacks would also have to
be accommodated in the
system, and this “would
inevitably lead to one
man one vote.

Because the Coloureds
and Indians were also
afraid of domination by a
majority group, their
leaders endorsed the
Proposals by the Presi-
dent’s Council that the
system should disappear.

Mr Coetsee said that
those who believed the
NP was selling-out South
Africa, that there was a
quicker and easier way
for the Government if it
wanted to do this - a
common voters’ role with
Coloureds and Indians in-

3400/133

cluded, then they would
immediately be in Parlia-
ment.

Independent . national
States for Coloureds and
Indians were not possible,
seeing that 2 million ha of
land was available and
over 600 group areas
would have to be consoli-
dated.

money come from ”
Answering a question
whether Indians would

_ eventually be able to live

in the Free State, Mr
Coetsee said it was the
Government’s intention
to maintain the Group
Areas Act and Indians
had no group area in the
Free State. _ *

® The 2000-ha. in the--~ He said ‘the“'NP" Was

Western Cape had little
viability and it would cost
billions of rand to convert
it with nuclear power to a
paradise as the CP sug-
gested.

An Indian state in Nat-
al would also cost billions
“and where would the

34

committed to remain a

- White party which would

govern South Africa just-
ly so that all population
groups would achieve
their rights. - Sapa.

‘The Whites would at all times

(Report by
Joban Coetsee, 79 Voortrekker
Street, Bloemfontein.)

SOUTH AFRICA



going to be always with!
us, and they are certain}
to criticise the white
~man as freely as he cri-
ticises them. It is not an
unmixed evil — it is
quite well to know what
they are thinking
about.”

CONTROL

However. one of the
earliest whites to run
black newspapers, Faw-
cet Garrett Paver, had
also said: “Their (black
newspapers) importance
in moulding of native
opinion makes their
control a matter of the
utmost importance to
South Africa.”

It is against this back-
ground that one has to
look at the present feel-
ings that the black Press
is manipulated by white
owners. The- historical
background is there to
justify that feeling.
Therefore, much more
than just speculation
and rhetoric will clear’
people’s minds.

I would choose, under
the circumstances, to
write in terms of the
“Press that serves
blacks” in referring to
newspapers like The SO-
WETAN, Post and Sun-
day Post before it, the
World and Weekend
World, and other so-
called ‘black news-
papers”.

LIGHT

Can the “Press that
serves blacks” be au-
thentic champions of the
black cause? I do not be-
lieve that a newspaper
should set out to be a
“‘champion’;.in.this,

sense. I believe a news-
paper should inform,
serve as a forum of dis-
cussion and debate, and
provide a reflection of
the society it serves.

Above all, these
newspapers must pro-
vide the light, and the
people will follow their
own way.

The reason for this
thinking ‘is simple: With
the diversity of interests
and affiliations among
black people of this
country, it would not be
im the interests of any:
newspaper to pander to
sectional interests. And
by “sectional” here, I
mean “black sectional
interests”.

EDITORS

However, this does
not mean that the edi-
tors of these newspapers
would then auto-
matically be precluded
from expressing their
points of view. There
cannot be any compro-
mise on this matter. as a
newspaper's direction
and policy is determined
by its editor. If his policy
succeeds, that's fine. If
it fails, it will be his head
that will be on the block.

One must therefore
look at the ‘‘black
Press” in this light. If

the white owners de-
mand to push a certain
policy, something like
the Paver thinking, then
only what can be de-
scribed as collaboration-
ist editors would work
for them. However. if a
newspaper is run on the
basis of serving its com-
munity, being their
voice, reflecting their as-
pirations — social, econ-
omic and political —
educating. then it is
serving its purpose.

I believe that the days

of the “directly “con-
trolled” black Press are’
gone. The days when
the Government and big
business had a direct say
in what must go into a
newspaper are gone.
And it is precisely be-
cause of this that the
Government and big
business can put on the
screws in their own ways
to get what they want:
Big business by with-
holding vital advertis-
ing. and Government by
legislation or arbitrary
action.

I do not believe that
Mwasa’s thinking is any
different from the point
that Citashe made in
1880 ... “and turn to
the pen/take paper and
ink/for that is your
shield.” 1

Their position was
perhaps brought about
by the very factors men-
tioned above, parti-
cularly Government re-
pression of the black
media and black jour-
nalists.

VIEW

What. for example. is
“advocacy journalism”?
My view is that it is rela-
tive. If you are black.
you are bound to see the
situation — political or
otherwise — from a
black point of view. If

you are white and pri-
vileged. you certainly
will see the situation
from the privileged
point of view. The black
struggies to achieve cer-
tain rights. while the
white is seen as strug-
gling to withhold those
same rights from the,
black.

The only reason I be-
lieve there has been an
outcry over the Mwasa
standpoint is.simply be-

30

‘cause people are refus-
ing to accept that this is:
exactly what they have
been doing: the Afri-
kaans Press and the ra-
dio and television ser-
vices are as good an ex-
ample as any of “advo-
cacy journalismTM.

Black journalism can
only be as militant,

moderate. or whatever.
as the society it reflects
determines.

The days of the racy.
easy-going flowing. yet
often biting commentary
writing of the 50s are
gone. One need only
look at the writings of
Can Themba. Casey
Motsisi, Zeke Mpha-
hiele. Henry Nxumalo
and others of the time to
see the difference.
Theirs was almost a so-
cial diary, whereas to-
day’s writing is more di-
rect, more biting. yet
making the same points.

NEWS

Quite often, the black
Press is accused of
va the
“changes” that have
taken place’in this coun-
try. Again. one should
look at “change” in
terms of how it affects
the average Sowetan. Is
there enough to justify
lavish use of the word
change in black news-
papers?

This is not generally
seen as being iS.
therefore precisely be-
cause of this that the so-
called changes proposed
by the President's Coun-
cil. for instance. are be-
ing seen as an academic
exercise. The institution
does provide news. and
in that sense, news has
to be published about it



It appeared ‘the com-

mittee had devoted more.

attention to social and
strategic requirements
than to economic consti
erations. :
The association felt the
‘committee’s proposals on
cane transport could
prove to be in the long-
term interests of the in-
dustry, but much work
would have to be done
before a final conclusion
could be reached, espe-
cially as the proposal rep-
Tesented such a drastic’
change.
It would be observed
that: many important de-

tails concerning the man-
ner in which the proposals
were to be implemented
remained to be clarified
and it was. impossible to
give, an assessment of the
scheme before this had
been done.

A key issue, fun-
damental to the possible
implementation of the
schem, was whether the
Minister would be pre-
pared to override existing
legal agreements and
rights which growers had
with their millers, espe-
cially as in some cases.
Government was the
third party involved in
establishing these rights.

The chairman of the
South African Sugar Mil-
lers’ Association, Mr F R

cso: 3400/133

Jones, said the recom-
mendations covering ex-
pansion could not have
come at @ worse time,
when large stocks were
overhanging the world
market an prices were at
sdiastrously low levels.
Furthermore, the Inter-
national Sugar Organisa-
tion appeared helpless to
remedy the ‘sit
Tt was essential that-a
new agreement be negoti-
ated at the earliest oppor-
tunity. This should in-
clude the European Eco-
nomic Community and
also provide for larger:
stockholding commit-
ments in addition to

a

39



Where market sellers are concerned, he said, they come under the administra-
tion of each city. Decisions to increase the prices are not within the
jurisdiction of the ministry of commerce or any government department. It
remains for the locality or municipality, with its market price list, to
decide whether or not to increase this or that product. Each communal
government has a commission to study this entire situation and to make
decisions on the basis of the local or regional conditions.

Comrade Elenga Ngaporo added that a text has been drafted and is awaiting
signature which will make it possible for the regions to establish market
price lists at least twice a year. This was done because it was found that
no municipality or communal administration had drafted a market price list
since 1975.

To a question pertaining to the concrete activities already completed by his
department 9 months after the launching of the 1982-1986 Five-Year Plan, the
minister noted that 1982 is a year of study at the ministry of commerce. "We
are in the process of undertaking all the studies and we hope that, beginning
in 1983, we will be able to create or build what is asked of us. But speci-
fically speaking, I cannot tell you exactly what we have done, for the simple
reason that it involves first of all the studies which are in progress, and
then the parallel measures, that is to say, the regulatory steps. Where
these measures are concerned, all the texts have been drafted, and have
currently been submitted to the secretary general of the cabinet. We are
thus waiting for the cabinet or the national assembly to study these docu-
ments prior to implementation.

Where reception centers are concerned, we have only projects in process. In
this category, we have already commissioned the OFNACOM warehouse in Brazza-
ville, those in Pointe-Noire and Djambala and the People's Bookstore in
Djambala, and we plan between now and the end of the year to commission the
supermarkets in Makoua, Impfondo, Loubomo, Brazzaville, and probably the
store in Ouesso. We are much more certain when it comes to Brazzaville,
Makouo, Impfondo and Loubomo, and also for the ONIVEG housing facilities in
Pointe-Noire.

As to the other construction projects, we have started work in Mossaka and
soon will start the work for the Congolese Construction Materials Office
(OCMC) in Loubomo.

When asked for an exact evaluation of the Pointe-Noire Fair, Comrade Elenga
Ngaporo said that it was a success, on the basis of the substantial number of
enterprises exhibiting there. We have seen an increase from 65 enterprises
in 1980 to 96 in 1982.

It could be said that in view of the economic recovery in the country, a
substantial number of businesses have been created. But the greater part of
the enterprises which participated and which represent this growth are not
new ones. They have long existed in our country. An aspect which may also
represent an achievement is the participation of domestic businessmen,
industrialists and merchants. Since the founding of the fair, we have never
seen such participation. For us, it was a sign that the domestic business
world as such is developing.

5157
CSO: 3419/40



The road is expected to-.reduce :
by at least 60. kilometres the;
distance covered by: thé existing
gavel toad from Morogoro to

jodoma.

Under the agreement, the
contractors were scheduled to
complete the road within 30
months from the time of the
beginning of the construction
work:

cso: 3400/34

49



GOVERNMENT GIVING PRIORITY TO TRANSPORT NETWORKS

TANZANIA

Highway Linkage of Various Regions

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 7 Oct 82 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text] /THE question of com-
munications and
transport in a vast
country like Tan-
zania is crucial and
the government has
since independence
given top priority to
the development of
road, rail, sea and air
* transport networks.

The situation inherited
at independence in

- 1961 was to say the
least most pathetic.
At-that time, the en-
tire country was ser-
ved by a mere 1,000
km of asphalt roads
and just about 500 km

of all. weather roads.

All this, plus the fact
that we had to rely on
an old and rickety
railway system, left
the country most
handicapped in
terms of uniform

development.
Since development of a
viable com-

munication and tran-
sport link is a great
contributor to socio-
economic revolution,

. towards

efforts have been
made to diversify the
system by embarking
on ventures intended
to open up -regions

. cut off from the main

national stream.

Today we can proudly

speak of more than
1,700 km of bitumen
roads criss-crossing
the country while
other key roads are

- in various stages of

development. .

The Morogoro-Dodoma

highway, covering a
stretch of 260
kilometres, is one
such example of the
national effort
stage-by-
stage link up of our
diverse regions.

Progress. on - the high-

way, which is even-
tually to link the
designated national
capital of Dodoma to
the port city of Dar es

jalaam, is satisfac-
tory and according to
the Ministry of
Works, it should be
completed by March
next year.

47

In future, that is if the

way, will become
one vital part of the
Dar es Salaam-
Mwanza truck-road.

At the same time,

developments on the
Makambako-Songea
road construction of-
fer further promise
to open up the
southern regions, for
too long cut off from
the rest of the coun-
try by poor com-
munications.

This highway is rated as

It

an important in-
frastructure project
which will feed direc-
tly into the Tanzania-
Zambia Railway (the
Great Uhuru
Railway).

is being built in
phases — the first

the second from Wino
to Songea; and the
third and fourth
phases will involve
the 222 km Songea-
Tundurw section and
the 18 km Tunduru-
Masasi section.



ARRIVAL OF TRUCKS, SPARE PARTS TO STRENGTHEN RETCO SERVICES

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 12 Oct 82 p 1

{Article by Daniel Mshana]

[Text] 4 TOTAL of 174 trucks, 65

cso:

trailers and spare parts, have
arrived in the country to
strengthen the services of five
regional transport companies
(RETCOs), the Chairman
and Managing Director of the
National Transport Cor-
poration (NTC), Ndugu
Melkizedeck Sanare, said in-
Dar es Salaam ‘yesterday.
In” a statement, Ndugu
Sanare said the five com-
panies were in. Dodoma

(KAUDO), Mtwara
(KAUMU), . Ruvuma
(KAURUV), Mwanza

(KAUMA) and Tabora
(KAUTA).

He confirmed that body
building of the vehicles was in
full progress. So far, 62 trucks
and two trailers were on the
road, while the rest were ex-
pected to be ready before
December, this year, he said.

The statement said the
vehicles and spares had cost
over 50 million/- in foreign
currency while the local costs,
including body building, are
estimated ‘at 15 million/-.

‘The performance of the five
RETCOs since July last year
when the new vehicles were
put into operation, had been
very encouraging, Ndugu
Sanare said in the statement.

The companies netted a
pre-tax profit of 7 million/-
out of a revenue of 50
million/- during the 1981/82
financial year, he said.

3400/34

In order to improve the
deteriorating services of
freight transport by road, the
Government had in 1977, en-
tered into an agreement with
the International Develop-
ment Association (IDA) for a
143 million/- credit.

The NTC was given, among
other things, the respon-
sibility to improve the five
RETCOs by providing them
with spares, repairs and
technical assistance, Ndugu
Sanare said.

He said during the 1981/82
period, 55 new trucks and six
buses were bought locally
while 13 new buses together
with spare parts and service
tools were provided to
KAURU and KAUMU to
strengthen passenger tran-
sport operations in the
southern regions following the
liquidation of Tee-Teeko.

On problems facing the

RETCOs, Ndugu Sanare said
they were mainly due to shor-
tage of tyres, spare parts and
fuel, which had compelled the

companies to ground some of
their vehicles.

53

TANZANIA



towards putting Tanzania on sound engineering footing. [Text] [Charles Kizigha]
[Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 9 Oct 82 p 1]

SEVENTY PERCENT OF BIOGAS PLANTS OPERATIONAL--More than 70 per cent of the bio-gas
plants introduced in the country in 1975 are operational, it was learnt in Dar

es Salaam yesterday. The plants, aimed at providing people with cheap and readily
available sources of energy by using cattle dung, are now spread throughout Tan-
zania mainland except Lindi and Ruvuma regions. A Project Manager with the Small
Industries Development Organisation (SIDO) Ndugu Arryster Lyamchai said many rural
training centres were now using the cow dung gas for cooking and lighting purposes.
[Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 9 Oct 82 p 3]

LINDI, MIWARA FUEL SUPPLIES--The Zanzibar government steamer, mv Ukombozi, will
sail to Lindi and Mtwara tomorrow carrying 1.4 million litres of fuel for the two
regions, Deputy Minister for Water and Energy, Ndugu Edgar Maokola-Majogo said in
Dar es Salaam yesterday. The minister said the fuel--heavy fuel 150,000 litres,
regular petrol 400,000 litres, premium petrol 200,000 litres, kerosene 300,000
litres and light diesel 400,000 litres--will be adequate to meet demand for two
weeks. Since last July the two regions have been experiencing a serious shortage
of fuel following the breakdown of the Zanzibar vessel which was sent to Mombasa
last week, he said. Oil supplies for the southern regions from Dar es Salaam
have meanwhile been ferried by mv Kasa with a deadweight capacity of 400,000 litres.
The next shipment of fuel oil the two regions will be by mv Ukombozi on October
22, The return of the tanker from Mombasa has also alleviated problems of fuel
shortage which hit Zanzibar and Pemba. Another Zanzibar government-owned mv Uhuru
is undergoing repairs in Madagascar. In Zanzibar the shortage of fuel led to
black marketeering and a steep rise in taxi fares in Zanzibar town from 20/- to
250/-. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 8 Oct 82 p 3]

IMF REVIEW TEAM--A five-man International Monetary Fund (IMF) review team is in
the country for discussions with government officials. The team, led by Mr.
Charles Woodward, arrived in Dar es Salaam on Tuesday and yesterday held prelimi-
nary discussions with the Minister of Finance, Ndugu Amir Jamal, The Principal
Secretary in the Ministry, Ndugu Fulgence Kazaura, said yesterday the visit was
a response to an invitation by a Tanzanian team that held talks with IMF and
World Bank officials in Toronto, Canada, in August last year. [Text] [Dar es
Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 14 Oct 82 p 1]

STUDENTS TO BULGARIA~-Thirty Tanzanian students left for Sofia, Bulgaria yester-
day to pursue various courses under bilateral agreements between the Tanzanian
and Bulgarian governments, through the Tanzanian-Bulgaria Society for Cultural
Relations and Friendship. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 15 Oct 82
p 1)

FRENCH RELATIONS, TRADE--The third Franco-Tanzania Joint Commission meeting on Cul-
tural and Technical Cooperation will be held in Paris early next year, an official
of the French Embassy said in Dar es Salaam yesterday. The meeting resulting

from an agreement signed between the two countries in 1973, would centre on the
development and research for rural development. According to the official, six
engineers from France will be attached to the Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry

and Veterinary Sciences of the University of Dar es Salaam at Morogoro. Meanwhile,

57



TANZANIA

MINISTER SAYS ALL SUBJECTS MUST BE TAUGHT IN ENGLISH
Minister's Address to Mainland Headmasters
Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 11 Oct 82 p 3

[Excerpt] Secondary school heads have been directed to ensure that the Ministry
of National Education directive on medium of instruction is followed.

Addressing 96 headmasters from the Mainland schools who attended a five-day meet-
ing in Iringa, the Minister of National Education, Ndugu Thabita Siwale admitted

that the standard of English in secondary school was poor compared to few years
back.

The Minister said English teaching standards had also gone down adding that some
teachers resorted to use Kiswahili after discovering that students failed to follow
lessons in English.

Ndugu Siwale pointed out however that sometimes the teachers themselves had Eng-
lish language problem.

The Minister explained that from now on in order to enable the students grasp
their lessons in accordance with the ministry's directive, all subjects must be
taught in English language except Kiswahili.

The Minister pointed out that Tanzania had not changed its stand on English as the
second language next to Kiswahili.

She said the country would continue to use the language for development activities.
She added that the language enabled the country's intellectuals and especially ex-

perts in various fields to communicate with other people in the international
arena, and secure technological and scientific benefits.

45



MAURITIUS

MMM SECRETARY GENERAL NAIKEN DISCUSSES BACKGROUND; IDEOLOGY, PLANS
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 28 Aug 82 p 5

[Interview with Shammoogom Ponappa Naiken, secretary general of the Mauritian
Militant Movement [MMM] by Jean Clement Cangy, date and place not specified]

[Text] The new secretary general of the MMM has been a
militant from the start. Married, the father of two children,
Shammoogom Ponappa Naiken does not have the air of a com-
placent family man, and while he may not have the charisma

of his predecessor, this General Workers Federation activist
is known as a hard worker and a dynamo. LE MAURICIEN decided
to get to know him better, and he blithely told us he is not
a dogmatist.

[Question] Who are you, Mr Ponappa Naiken?

[Answer] I got my interest in politics from my father, a manuel laborer who
was one of those thousands of anonymous militants who supported the pioneering
political action of Emmanuel Anquetil and Guy Rozemont. My own political com-
mitment stems primarily from a praxis that led me in my adolescence to frequent
the political gatherings of the time, and later to militate for the independence
of my country.

My first contact with MMM goes back to 1969, after the historic demonstration
at St Jean roundabout, when--interested in the activities of those militants
from the start--I made contact with Chaffick Jeerooburkhan and Ramesh Seereekis-
soon. Along with two other comrades, Amedee Darga and Raja Bhadain, a cell was
formed at Curepipe. Most of the time I was militating in Curepipe. At the
time, it was extremely difficult, given the presence of a brawny Right that
would stop at nothing to neutralize its adversaries. Once or twice I was
attacked by thugs.

I must tell you that I was working at the time as a primary school teacher.
During the time of the 1971-1972 repression, I taught at no less than 13
schools, being arbitrarily transferred from one to the other. But I continued
to agitate covertly, and after the party leaders were released, to work in the
southern part of the isle. I resigned from the public education system in
1976, when I was proposed as a candidate in the general elections at Vacoas-—
Floreal. I was beaten in those elections, and then I found myself with the

7



NEW GOVI COUNCILS TO BE HOUSED IN SAME BUILDING, SAYS HEUNIS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Oct 82 p 9

[Text]

STELLENBOSCH. —

would seenr logical that a

three-chamber legislative
body as envisaged under
the new Constitutional
dispensation would be
housed in one building,
the Minister of Constitu-
tional Development, Mr
‘Chris Heunis said yester-
ay.

-» Replying to a question
at a lunch time meeting in
the Stellenbosch by-elec-
tion campaign in which
the questioner expressed
reservations about the
housing of the different
Parliaments, Mr Heunis

not fail because it was
housed in a different
building but because
there was no co-opera-
tion.

“The process of nego-
tiation is intensive and
political formulae do not
take circumstances into
account. We must make a
choice.

“We betieve in stability
and order being essential
prerequisites for develop-
ment.

“South Africa is multi-
national. The Whites and
other groups must serve
the country and not the
country serve them.

“We do not ignore
Black aspirations. We are
creating opportunities,

growth . and © stability.
There is not one Black.
nation in this country
which is not undergoing
constitutional develop-
ment.

“The choice is simple.
While the National Party
is not perfect, it must be
stressed that there cannot
be protected positions for
one group at the cost of
another.

“Extreme. points of
view heighten the poten-
tial for conflict.”

Referring to the pro-
posed national. conven-
tion of the PFP Mr Heu-

said national
conventions had a tragic
history in Africa

“We must not gamble
with the future. South
Africa’s. circumstances
must decide what the pro-
cedures of reform would
be and not text books.

“White political leaders
as well as Brown, Asian
and Black must accept the
same responsibility,” Mr
Heunis said.

(News by S Moller, V:
sed Balogs pees

SOUTH AFRICA



MAURITIUS

New MMM Secretary General Interviewed
(Shanmoogoa Ponnappa Naiken Interview; LE NOUVEAU
MILITANT, 28 Aug 82).....ceesesecccc ccc cerenecsctceeeeees

MMM Secretary General Naiken Discusses Background; Ideology,
Plans
(Shammoogom Ponappa Naiken Interviewl LE MAURICIEN,
28 Aug 82)...ceceeeceeecceeee bance cece ne nanateccenes eee

Berenger Preparing Pre-Budget 'Green Book'
(L'EXPRESS, 28 Aug 82)..ccecesccccccccccccereecvccccscees

MOZAMBIQUE
Briefs
Japanese Rice Aid
Diplomatic Relations With Suriname
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

Briefs
Presidential Stopover After DPRK Visit

SOUTH AFRICA

October 19th Commemorative Services Held
(SOWETAN, 21, 18 Oct 82). ..ccecsseececcccecnesececcsccccees

Unity Appeal, by Sam Mabe
Newspapers’ Banning Deplored, Editorial

Apartheid Is Heresy Say Methodists
(THE CITIZEN, 21 Oct 82)...ccececeeeee cee e se eeeeeceeenee

History, Role of Black Press Traced
(Joe Latakgomo; SOWETAN, 18 Oct 82)..........-0- tee eeeeee

No Homelands for Indians, Coloureds Envisaged
(THE CITIZEN, 16 Oct 82)..........-00- oe

No Change in Peskor's Political Policy Reported
(THE CITIZEN, 19 Oct 82)......

Justice Minister Denounces Westminister System
(THE CITIZEN, 16 Oct 82).........

New Govt Councils To Be Housed in Same Building, Says Heunis
(THE CITIZEN, 21 Oct 82)...

-b-

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Release Mandela Call

A MOTION for the re-
lease of Nelson Mandela
and the lifting of the ban
on his wife, Winnie, was
proposed at the centenary
congress of the Methodist
Church of South Africa

yesterday.

One of the delegates
from Bloemfontein, the
Rev Jack Scholtz, felt Mrs
Mandela had been “im-
prisoned” in her match-
box home for 20 years
without being charged
during that period.

The congress heard

Church Accused of

THE Methodist Church
has now entered the field
of civil disobedience, a
delegate to the confer-
ence of the church said
yesterday.

This accusation came
after the conference had
resolved that members of
the curch should not feel
bound -by their con-
sciences to observe every
aspect of the country’s
legislation.

Civil disobedience was
raised when a point was

that although Mrs Man-
dela was a member of the
Methodist Church, she
had been deprived of the
right to attend a service of
worship on Sundays.

The congress urged the
lifting of her banning or-
der and reiterated its total
opposition to the practice
of banning without trial.

It also expressed regret
that detention without tri-
al had been sanctioned by
the Rabie Commission.

The congress also
called for the immediate
appointment of a judicial
commission of inquiry
into circumstances sur-
rounding death in deten-
tion and the provision of
safeguards during interro-

gation. . .
Detainees’ immediate
access to legal representa-

tion and families being in-
formed of the event and
place of detention were
also issues needing closer
investigation.

"Civil Disobedience'

tabled concerning pro-
posed legislation concem-
ing orderly movement
and settlement of Black
people.

A_ proposal that the
President of the confer-
ence,-Dr Khosa Mogoja,
should phone the Prime
Minister or Dr Piet
Koormhot during the din-
mer recess. was unani-
mously supported by the

conference. The purpose
of the telephone call was
“to express the confer-
ence’s revulsion over hap-
penings in the Western
Cape”.

The Rev Abel Hen-
driks, told the conference
women were being as-

* saulted with batons by the

authorities because they
were illegally in an area.

"Persecution' of Union Leaders Condemned

PRESSURE must be
brought to bear on South
African and overseas
companies to compel
them to recognise rep-
resentative trade unions.
This decision was taken
yesterday by the confer-
ence of the Methodist
Church in Johannesburg
where it was alco resolved
that the church would
provide training for trade
union officials and that
church buildings could be

CSO: 3400/133

made available for trade
union meetings.

The conference, under
presidency of Dr Khosa
Mgojo, strongly con-
demned the “persecution
of trade union leaders and
strikers”. .

A strong plea was also
made for the same salar-
ies and social benefits to
be extended to people of
all races.

The hike in the price of
staple foodstuffs and in-
creased general sales tax
ere condemned and the

conference further resol-
ved to encourage church
members to boycott white
bread. Letters are to be
addressed to the Minis-
ters of Agriculture and Fi-
nance to express the con-
ference’s anxiety over the
increase in the price of
staple foodstuffs and gen-
eral sales tax.

28



MAURITIUS

NEW MMM SECRETARY GENERAL INTERVIEWED
Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT in French 28 Aug 82 pp 1, 4

[Interview with Shanmoogoa Ponnappa Naiken, new secretary general of the Mauri-
tian Militant Movement [MMM]; date, place and interviewer not specified]

[Text] The MMM will fully support the government, but will
be watching closely to insure that the measures set forth
in the governmental program are carried out. The MMM in-
tends to honor its agreement with the PSM [Mauritian
Socialist Party] with respect to the governmental program,
but will operate independently of the PSM. The new secretary
general of the MMM, Shanmoogoa Ponnappa Naiken, in an inter-
view with LE NOUVEAU MILITANT, declared that within the
party all the militants are equal, and no member enjoys
special status. Now that the MMM, with its partners, is

in power, the party organizations are stronger than ever.

Here are the main points from the interview given by Ponnappa
Naiken:

[Question] How do you define the party's role in relation to the government,
in which the MMM is a majority partner?

[Answer] The government was largely formed by the MMM. The MMM and its part-
mers came to power on the basis of a governmental program, and the party will
give its full support to the realization of that program. We in the party will
watch closely to see that the measures the government has promised are effec-
tively carried out. While the party is in essential agreement with the
measures set forth, there is still the possibility that differences of opinion
may arise over the means and pace of implementation of those measures. But
that does not mean that the party will systematically seek out areas of con-
frontation simply for the pleasure of confronting the government. We as the
party will be engaged in a dialogue with the government, because all the mem-
bers of the government are members of various organizations of

the MMM or the PSM or the OPR [Organization of the Rodrigues People]. I am
convinced that the means for effective communication between the party and the
government exist. The MMM is not just a mouthpiece of the government: the
country's leadership understands this.

14



MAURITIUS

BERENGER PREPARING PRE-BUDGET ‘GREEN BOOK'
Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 28 Aug 82 p 7

[Text] The finance minister plans in the future to prepare a
green book before the budget presentation, in order to give
the various sectors concerned sufficient time to acquaint them-
selves with the fundamental concepts to be embodied in the
budget, and to give them time to comment on them.

While noting that the 1982-83 budget was prepared after consultations with the
parties concerned, Mr Paul Berenger said, at a press conference held yesterday,
that the government had only a limited time in which to produce it and that the
members of parliament did not have enough time to comment on it.

"I believe that we have not gone far enough. I am not one of those who think
that the budget should come as a surprise. I think it should be put together
through a process of dialogue and that is why, in years to come, I plan to do
something new: to present a 'Green Paper' containing the broad lines of the
budget, with the aim of generating debate and providing the members of parlia-
ment with the time needed to discuss it."

The finance minister called the press conference to talk about the actions his
ministry has taken in the last 2 months, and to discuss his upcoming mission
to London and North America. He also announced that the government plans very
soon to publish "white papers" on unemployment compensation, the implications
of governmental subsidies on rice and flour, and possibilities of changing
Mauritian dietary habits; on the sales tax and on the "pay as you earn" tax
system. He hopes in this way to get comments from the sectors concerned before
introducing such measures.

The finance minister also indicated that he is planning to modernize several
very old statutes in order to bring them into conformity with current needs.
In this connection he cited the Companies Ordinance, the Bankruptcy Act, the
Banking Act, the Brokers’ Act and the Insurance Act. He also noted that he
plans to review the banking system and the insurance system in the months to
come.

The government, he said, intends to see that every cent spent is in service of
the country's development. With that in mind, he said, an official committee

20



or a militant in the ranks. The term "backbencher" makes me shudder,

in the sense that the people themselves chose the Left to form the government.
There is a tendency to associate the term backbencher with systematic and organ-
ized opposition, whereas in fact the deputies and the ministers are both part of
the same team, with but a single objective, namely implementation of the common
governmental program.

[Question] With regard to MMM's relations with parties abroad, could you
elaborate on the respective responsibilities of the MMM and the minister of
foreign affairs?

[Answer] The minister of foreign affairs, as the representative of the govern—
ment, establishes and strengthens relations which unite us with countries which
support the aspirations of the Mauritian people. The MMM, as a party, will con-
solidate already existing relations with the fraternal parties of other countries.
Certainly, I think our militants and those of other countries should share their
experiences. We will try to establish the best possible relations with our
parties that are struggling for the same objectives.

[Question] How will the MMM act toward its partner, the PSM?

[Answer] We have a 5-year accord on the basis of a common program with the PSM.
We intend to honor that commitment. The MMM as a party will function indepen-
dently of the PSM, but we will maintain cordial relations on a party-to-party
basis. It might even be possible to organize joint activities which square
with the objectives of the common program.

[Question] It is alleged that the ministers have treated the party organs
heavy-handedly. What do you think about that?

{Answer] In the past, the title of minister was enveloped in a carefully
cultivated mystique, but today, when the government house is inhabited by party
comrades who have struggled for long years in the labor movement or the political
movement alongside our militant comrades, such an apprehension is no longer
justified. Once one is in the party, everyone has equal status. Within the
MMM, we are all equals.

9516
cso: 4719/1391

16



SOUTH AFRICA

HISTORY, ROLE OF BLACK PRESS TRACED
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 18 Oct 82 p 7
{Article by Joe Latakgomo: "Bearing the Brunt of Government Suppression"]}

[Text] Five years ago, on October 19, they could under some-*

1977 to be precise, two black’
‘Newspapers, The World and
Weekend World were banned.
The editor of the papers, Mr
Percy Qoboza, together with
leaders of almost all black
political organisations, was
Latakgomo, editor of ‘The
Section Six of the Internal
Security Act. Today, a day to
five years ago, Mr Joe
Latakgomom, editor of The
SOWETAN which is the
successor to the two banned
papers gives an appraisal of the
black.Press. The piece is from.
ISSUE an occasional journal of
freetance editors. .

ALMOST since its early

days, the black Press has

been steeped in contro-

versy. Its role has been
clouded by various inter-

ests ranging from finan-

cial to political. But,

even more important,

the black Press has sur-

vived.

Its form and ideals
have obviously changed
with the times. Yet,
even looking to the ear-
liest days of the black
Press, one can sense the
deep commitment by
black journalists to serv-
ing their people as best

what difficult circum- -

stances.

The questions being
asked now about the
role of the Press are
nothing new. Even in
the 1880s, the same
questions were being
asked,

READERS

Whether black news-
papers could serve the
interests of their readers
while being white-
owned was an issue as
far back as 1932.

Even then, opposition
to The Bantu World
came from newspapers
like The African
Leader, edited by T D
Mweli Skota, which
used-the approach that
they were “African-
owned and African-

run”.

the same approach
was taken by Jordan
Ngubane when he
started his Inkundla Ya-
Bantu in the 40s. Both
papers did not survive.
for a variety of reasons
— mostly financial and
other resources.

29

But if the black Press’
is conceived to have
been just a rag to pro-
vide gossip and frivolous
writing, witness what
was written by | WW
Citashe in 1880:

SPIRIT

“Your cattle are gone,

my countrymen,

Go rescue them, go

rescue them!

Leave the breech-

loader alone

And turn to the pen

Take paper and ink

For that is your

shield”...

It is almost through
this spirit that black
journalism has devel-
oped. It was to become
the basis of black jour-
nalism, and almost re-
flective of the feeling of
organisations like the
Media Workers’ Asso-
ciation of South Africa
(Mwasa) in the present
day.

Yet, this was in con-
trast with the feeling of
the controllers of the
Press — from the mis-
sionary stage right
through to Argus Com-
pany involvement in the
black Press.

There is no doubt that
an independent black
Press now would face

exactly, if not worse. the
same problems as were
faced by the bold inde-
pendent black news-
Paper owners.of the
1880s.

The men who braved
it then — Jabavu. Dube.
Selope-Thema. Rolfes
Dihomo — certainly
found that running a
black newspaper with-
out the necessary finan-
cial backing is extremely
difficult. Indeed. J T Ja-
bavu. who is. generally
considered to have been
the ‘father of black
newspapers” certainly
found it so after found-
ing Imvo Zabantsundu.

That newspaper is
now owned by an Afri-
kaans publishing group.
It is also interesting to
note what Mr T J Cou-
sins, then of the English
Department of Wits.
said in a paper in 1976,
the resident commis-
sioner of Basutoland
wrote to Howard Pim in
1908: .. The Native
Press in South Africa is



Jean-Pierre Cot also spoke in the same spirit of candor: "...it is true that
there are points on which we are in disagreement, but among friends, and
assuming that discussions are frank and sincere, that should not pose problems,
and should further the strengthening and development of our cooperation.

Our cooperation, which should become true CO-OPERATION." The word had a
curious effect on the journalists, who spoke of nothing else throughout the
75-minute press conference which Jean-Pierre Cot gave Saturday on the eve of
his departure.

The same congruency of views could also be seen, for example, in the concept
of French aid to the Third World. "To help the Third World is to help one-
self," Francois Mitterrand is fond of saying. Along the same lines, Presi-
dent Didier Ratsiraka even quoted a more trenchant statement: "If France

no longer tried to help its former colonies, France would no longer be France!"
Not content merely to agree with these words of the Malagasy president,
Jean-Pierre Cot added that it was necessary "to demonstrate conclusively to
the French people that it is in France's interest to help the Third World,
because it is by finding answers to the Third World's problems that France
will find the engine to drive its own economic growth." In short, the estab-
lishment of "CO-OPERATION" is in the enlightened self-interest of all parties
concerned.

Projection

Turning to the case of Madagascar, French aid at both the bilateral and
multilateral level has never stopped growing. French government assistance
to the RDM (the cost of technical assistance, non-reimbursable subventions
from the FAC [Aid and Cooperation Fund], loans from the Central Fund for
Economic Cooperation [CCCE]) amounted, in 1981, to more than 15 billion
Malagasy francs, an increase of some 35 percent over 1980. While 1982, the
current year, is not even finished, a "projection" of the total amount of
French governmental assistance for the year shows a spectacular increase
over the previous year, amounting to an overall total of more than 33 billion
Malagasy francs. This very major increase is due to the "special" balance
of payments assistance to Madagascar that was decided upon in Paris in June
1982 during the landmark meeting of the RDM donors group. Out of the 33
billion, 7 billion will go for technical assistance, and 5 billion will be a
nonreimbursable subsidy from the FAC. There are presently about 600 Malagasy
students on scholarships in France.

Now in light of Jean-Pierre Cot's discussions with Malagasy leaders, France
will not be content with the status quo. He hastened to express his support
and praise for "Madagascar's determination to be independent and nonaligned,"
a determination which insures that its cooperation with the Eastern countries
"is not of a kind that would lead to this country becoming politically de-
pendent on Moscow." As Jean-Pierre Cot said recently in an interview with
the MEDIAS FRANCE INTERCONTINENTS (MFT) agency, "Madagascar is not dependent
on the East, since the East is not capable of assuring Madagascar's survival.
I see the aid of the Eastern countries as being on a generally middling, or
even modest level..."

11



TANZANIA

BRIEFS

ATC TO USE ETHIOPIAN AIRLINES COOPERATION--Air Tanzania Corporation (ATC) will in-
augurate Dar es Salaam-Bombay-Dar es Salaam flights on November 4 using facili-
ties of Ethiopian Airlines, it was learnt in Dar es Salaam yesterday. ATC sus-
pended its flights to India on June 2, 1980, and since then Air India has been
operating a weekly service to Tanzania. The resumption of flights to the sub-
Indian continent was expected to feature in talks which began in Dar es Salaam
yesterday afternoon between officials of the two airlines. Talking to newsmen

at the Dar es Salaam International Airport on his arrival for the talks, the Gen-
eral Manager of Ethiopian Airlines, Captain Mohamed Ahmed said their discussions
yesterday were aimed at forming a joint cooperation formula between the two air-
lines. On the introduction of the joint venture between the two airlines, the ATC
General Manager, Ndugu Bakari Mwapachu, said the move is aimed at helping his air-
line aquaint itself with the profitability and marketability of the route. Ac-
cording to sources close to both airlines, the joint cooperation between the two
airlines will eventually lead to ATC flying to Europe by April next year using
the facilities of Ethiopian Airlines. Captain Mohamed told newsmen that the ven-
ture would be based on a 50 per cent base distribution of profit between the two
airlines. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 6 Oct 82 p 1]

WORLD BANK-GOVERNMENT TALKS--The World Bank officials have concluded formal talks
with Tanzanian government officials on the implementation of the bank funded pro-
jects. A senior official in the Ministry of Finance, Ndugu F. Byabato told
SHIHATA on Tuesday that delegates from both sides reaffirmed the importance of
proper utilisation of funds allocated for the projects. He said the meeting
agreed that another approach should be made to implement projects which for one
reason or another had to be suspended rather than abandoning them altogether as
suggested by the bank officials. Ndugu Byabato said to abandon the stuck projects
would only mean a step backward. "That is why Tanzania proposed that the bank re-
verse the means of implementing a particular project", he added. He described the
meeting as having been "very successful and useful" in that it offered the two
sides an opportunity to compare notes on a number of issues. The meeting centred
on issues relating to constraints in the implementation of various projects.
Another consultation meeting is to be held in April next year at a date and place
to be known later, Ndugu Byabato said. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English
8 Oct 82 p 3]

TAZARA MANAGER DISCUSSES FRG VISIT--The Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA)
will get 224m/- worth of diesel electric locomotives from West Germany next year.

55



The UNTA national secretary for dissemination and propaganda also said that
“our country is a victim of constant large scale aggressions by the most
heinous regime of humanity in Pretoria." To this end, he called for rigorous
vigilance at all times in order to forestall the enemy's actions. Angelo
Alfredo said in conclusion that despite the maneuvers by imperialism, the
Angolan people will win and that socialism will be a reality in Angola. [Text]
[AB161310 Luanda ANGOP in French 0948 GMT 16 Oct 82]

MPLA DESERTERS REPORTEDLY TRAIN UNITA--The deputy foreign representative of

the UNITA Movement in Angola, Mr (Peter Chigundi), says 90 percent of the
weapons seized from the MPLA is used by the movement. In an interview in
which he denied MPLA allegations of massacres carried out by UNITA forces at
Chinhana near Huambo and (Gunjai) in southern Angola, Mr (Chigundi) said that
a number of MPLA soldiers have deserted from the Angolan Army and were engaged
in training the UNITA forces to use the weapons. He said UNITA's army was
made up of 14,000 regular troops and 25,000 other fighters. The 14,000 regular
troops were controlling the areas captured from the MPLA. [Text] [MB191315
Johannesburg International Service in English 1100 GMT 19 Oct 82]

TOURISM AGREEMENT WITH PORTUGAL--An agreement on cooperation in the hotel and
tourist industry was signed in Luanda on Saturday [16 Oct] by Home Trade
Minister Adriano dos Santos and the Portuguese state secretary for tourism
and the hotel industry, (Landino) de Carvalho. [Name and title as heard]

The agreement provides for Portugal to send specialists to assist in the
management of the hotel and tourism industry. The agreement also provides for
Portugal to provide managers for some major hotels in Angola. [EA190352
Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 18 Oct 82]

cso: 3442/19



Newspapers’ Banning Deplored

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 18 Oct 82 p 4

(Editorial]

[Text]

CSO:

OCTOBER 19, 1977 was a historic
‘date in more ways than one. For the
first time in the country’s history the
Government took the unprece-
dented step of banning two black
newspay — The World and
Weekend World. . :
~. At the same time all black politi-
cal organisations were banned and
their various leaders from, most
parts of the country were detained.
The editor of the two newspapers
joined those detained in Modderbee
under Section Six of the then Inter-.
nalSecurityAct. 0/0

What led. to this remarkable
tough action was a series of political
events that had the country and in-
deed the world in thrall. The events
followed June 16, 1976, when the:
country’s townships exploded into.

"At about the same time in 1977,
Bophuthatswana was granted its in-
dependence, an act which drew a lot
6f vitriol from varied politicians and
political commentators. The country.
itself was under the grip of tension
that was climaxed by the death. of
the black consciousness leader Steve
Biko in detention.

.. Fearing the resurgense of political

action,-and perhaps more violence, *
the Government set the precedent of

bannings and detentions which has

been followed almost yearly since

that date. Even the powers that be
did not exactly expect the kind of:
outcry that followed these acts, but
the damage had been done and there
was no way in which things could be
salvaged without loss of face.

3400/133

limb — press freedom.

. So the two newspapers are still!
‘banned to this day without the hope.,
of a reprieve. Black leaders were
kept in detention for some months
and ‘most of the organisations are
still banned...

It is now five years that these elec-'
tric events took place. Political orga-
nisation among blacks is on some-
what uncertain ground. There have
been new cleavages in black politics
with the emergence of thinking out-
side of black consciousness taking’
root. Trade unions have become:
more vocal and more active to the.

“extent that they are the only conduit
for’ black anger and frustration
these days. “
-- People are in the meanwhile lead-
ing somewhat quiet if sullen lives.

Newspapers have been fettered
with a welter of restrictions that in-
sidiously increase month after

* month — a hard blow to press free-

dom. The Steyn Commission was
like a spectre over editorial policy
and some people believe there is di-
rect self-censorship in newspapers.
The issues for editors have become.
even more unwieldy and a tight-rope
which becomes almost night-marish
has to be taken. The situation js
most complex, but most newspapers :
have shown that it will take more
than bannings and detentions to
snuff out that precious democratic _

26



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

JAPANESE RICE AID--Under an agreement signed recently between Mozambique and
Japan, Japan will give Mozambique over 56 million meticals to buy rice from
that country. The agreement was signed in Dar es Salaam by Manuel dos Santos,
Mozambique ambassador to Tanzania, and by the Japanese ambassador accredited
to Maputo with residence in Tanzania. [EA210125 Maputo Domestic Service in
Portuguese 0800 GMT 20 Oct 82]

DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH SURINAME--Foreign Minister Joaquim Chissano and
Suriname Foreign Minister Harvey Naarendorp signed a communique in New York
yesterday establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries at
ambassadorial level, effective immediately. [EA170145 Maputo Domestic Service
in Portuguese 0600 GMT 16 Oct 82]

cso: 3442/19

23



Briefs
ATC To Use Ethiopian Airlines Cooperation
World Bank-Government Talks
Tazara Manager Discusses FRG Visit
Bio-Gas Technology in Lindi, Ruvoma
Steel Plant Feasibility Study
Seventy Percent of Biogas Plants Operational
Lindi, Mtwara Fuel Supplies
IMF Review Team
Students to Bulgaria
French. Relations, Trade

ZALRE

Measures Suggested for Solving Shortage of Bread
(Lutete Nsakala; ELIMA, 10-11 Oct 82).

ZIMB ABWE

Briefs
Maize Shortage

60



Alcohol Consumption Figures

(THE CITIZEN, 19 Oct 82).......cseececcceccnecceee seceeeeee 37
Sugar Industry Probe Handed to Government
(THE CLTLZEN, 16 Oct 82)......cccceceeececeeee seeeceeeeeeee 38
Briefs
Lower Iscor Output 40
Students Quit Turfloop 40
local Goverment Plan 40
Eshowe Voting Dispute 41
Wheat Imports 41
Mwasa Officials 4L
Langa Pass Raids 42
Makanda Charged 42
Coloured Sea Cadets 42
Report Ordered on Griquas 42
SADF Reprimand 43
TANZANIA

Fund To Assist Palestinian People Laumched
(Isaac Mruma; DAILY NEWS, 13 Oct 82)............. weccceeeee 44

Minister Says All Subjects Must Be Taught in English
(DAILY NEWS, 11, 12 Oct 82).....cecceeeeceeccecceee see eeee 45

Minister's Address to Mainland Headmasters
English Standards Must Be Raised, Editorial

Government Giving Priority To Transport Networks
(DAILY NEWS, 7, 6 Oct 82) .cvsccccecccecccecccesscvcteeeees 47

Highway Linkage of Various Regions, Editorial
Kigogo-Magomeni Road Construction
Moro-Dodoma Highway Construction, by Mike Sikawa

Machinery for TRC Depots in Tabora, Moshi Arrives

(Attilio Tagalile; DAILY NEWS, 13 Oct 82)...... pec eee eeee 50
LIDA Seeking New Cattle Export Markets in Africa, Middle
East
(Mkumbwa Ally; DAILY NEWS, 13 Oct 82). ...ceveccccecccceves 51

Arrival of Trucks, Spare Parts To Strengthen RETCO Services
(Daniel Mshana; DAILY NEWS, 12 Oct 82)...........000- seeeee 53

Mainland Urban Families' Living Costs Rise by Almost One
Fourth

(DAILY NEWS, 7 Oct 82).... 54



The OAU Case

The same tone of candor used by Jean-Pierre Cot throughout his talks with
Malagasy leaders as well as the representatives of the press is also striking
when he speaks about the continent of Africa and more especially about the
schism that threatens Africa in the wake of the abortive meeting at Tripoli:
"The OAU [Organization of African Unity] must survive this crisis, and the
OAU must overcome its problems, for if the OAU were to break up, in the pre-
sent state of affairs, that would mean that Africa would no longer have any
means of resolving its own problems and that others would resolve them in its
place." This would be all the more heartbreaking and sad at a time when the
North-South dialogue for a new international economic order is not finding a
ground of common understanding or even of compromise, at a time when the
South-South dialogue, of whichPresident Didier Ratsiraka is a strong sup-
porter, is just beginning, and at a time when the "East-South" dialogue has
not even begun. In other words, if such a climate of disagreement persists
within the OAU, the developing countries, such as those on the African conti-
nent, will not enjoy the benefits of the dialogue, even though the dialogue
is designed specifically to further the socio-economic well-being of the
countries concerned. It is also true--and a pity--that over the years the
OAU has concerned itself too much with international, and even national
disputes, instead of more seriously examining other aspects of inter-African
relations.

To conclude the discussion of Africa we will note this passage from Jean-
Pierre Cot's remarks dealing with the economic situation of the member
countries of the franc zone. Cot noted "certain instances of absolute eco-
nomic and financial distress never béfore seem in the franc zone." And

he added, with tact and diplomacy: "It is up to each sovereign state to
decide for itself. France has nothing else to say on the subject, since it
would certainly not want to oblige any state either to join the franc zone
or to leave it."

Very Significant Visit

It was, in sum, a very significant visit. Jean-Pierre Cot was not only
received twice by President Didier Ratsiraka, who quite naturally expressed
the hope that "all these discussions will be fruitful," but also met with a
number of government ministers. He ven found time to take a "brief trip"
to Lak Alaotra, the largest rice cultivation area of the country, where one
of the biggest French aid projects is located. He was also interviewed by
Herve Bourges, the director of Radio France Internationale. Malagasy tele-
vision viewers were able to see it on TV Saturday night, and it will be
broadcast Saturday on RFI [Radio France Internationale] ...and RTM [Malagasy
Radio and Television].

To quote President Ratsiraka, with this visit of Minister Cot to the RDM "a
new page is opened in the somewhat turbulent history of relations between
the two countries." The massive French aid mentioned earlier, which was
quite recently set in motion in the context of our financial relationships
with the IMF [International Monetary Fund], the World Bank and the Club of

12



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

INCREASED RSA RECONNAISSANCE FLIGHTS-~Luanda, 21 Oct (ANGOP)--During the past
week the South African Air Force has increased reconnaissance flights over

the Angolan Army's defense positions in southern Angola, the Angolan Ministry
of Defense has announced. According to the ministry, combat planes and heli-
copters have made reconnaissance flights over various localities in the Angolan
provinces of Cunene, Huila and Namibe (formerly Mocamedes). Observers believe
that these violations of Angola's air space are connected with South African
military actions in Angola. The Angolan defense minister had pointed out that
the reconnaissance flights have always preceded acts of aggression committed
by the regular forces of the South African Army. About 5,500 South African
soldiers are now occupying part of Cunene Province. According to Angolan
military sources, more than 30,000 men armed with heavy artillery, armored
vehicles and aircraft have been placed on the alert in northern Namibia and
are "ready to invade southern Angola at any moment." [Text] [AB211255 Luanda
ANGOP in French 1208 GMT 21 Oct 82]

CABINDA BORDER GUARD COMMANDER--Luanda, 15 Oct (ANGOP)--The commandant of the
Angolan border guards of Cabinda Province last Monday visited the villages of
Zenze Lucula and Tchobo, in the Tandozinze commune. The visit was within the
framework of the fight against smuggling and illegal entry of foreigners into
Cabinda Province. The visit was also within the framework of the implementation
of recommendations contained in Decree 196/78 of Law 11 of the former Council
of the Revolution, which stresses the urgent need to have systematic contacts
with the people and the soldiers living along Angolan borders with neighboring
countries. [Text] [AB151037 Luanda ANGOP in French 0900 GMT 15 Oct 82]

TRADE UNION OFFICIAL SPEAKS AT MEETING--Luanda, 16 Oct (ANGOP)--Paulo Manuel,
the new secretary of the Provincial Central Trade Union in Namibe Province,
was introduced to officials of the National Union of Angolan Workers at a
plenary meeting held last Wednesday at Namibe (headquarters of this province
which was formerly called Mocamedes). Speaking on the occasion, Angelo
Alfredo, national secretary for dissemination and propaganda of the Angolan
National Workers Union (UNTA), called on participants to support the new
secretary in the task of national reconstruction, "Angolan workers, who are
described as the most productive, must contribute actively to the task of
reconstruction of socialism in the People's Republic of Angola," he added.



General Workers Federation, responsible for the free zone. I learned much in
that stint as a labor activist.

[Question] Ideologically, how do you define yourself?

[Answer] I have been influenced by several ideological currents. But I am
not a dogmatist. I think that like every other militant my principal concern
is freeing the oppressed classes from the yoke of capitalism.

I have also been strongly influenced by the writings of Frantz Fanon, the
apostle of African liberation, the writings of Karl Marx, Lenin, Mao and Gramsci.

[Question] Are you a Marxist?

[Answer] Marxism, for me, is a tool for the analysis of society. The label
Marxist is no proof that one is a good militant. A person's militancy can
only be judged on the basis of his actions and on his ardor in promoting the
cause of the workers and the oppressed classes.

[Question] How would you describe the evolution of the MMM to date?

[Answer] It is clear that in 1969 MMM was comprised of a number of idealists
who failed to take adequate account of the capitalist system's repressive
capabilities; and the great repression of 1971-1972 brought this home to people.
Because of this reality and its determination to bring political change, the
party modified its strategy. Later there were other modifications, but that is
not in any way to say that we gave up the ideal that animated the first mili-
tants and which is still our ideal today: the advent of a classless society.

{Question] Did the class strategy adopted by the MMM finally turn out to be a
good thing?

[Answer] Yes, it did. The alliance between the working class and the petty
bourgeois and middle class--in other words the alliance between those who do
not own the means of production and those who do--created a dynamism which
enabled us to win the elections.

[Question] Is the socialization of the means of production still the long-term
goal of the MMM?

{Answer] To the extent that we evolve gradually over time toward a classless
society, it follows naturally that it will be necessary to socialize the com—
manding heights of production. But we want to progress gradually and with
great caution. We intend, therefore, to proceed by stages. The MMM/PSM
[Mauritian Socialist Party] governmental program is the first stage.

[Question] How would you define the MMM's ideological orientation today?
[Answer] The MMM is working toward self-managing socialism. Our ideological

reference points remain the same. It is obvious that today there are a number
of ideological currents in the party. That did not prevent us from carrying

18



017240

JPRS: 82172

4 November 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

FBIS

No. 2715

1S) $280866|

LORE Reap err meres mee meno!

~

a



of its controversial nature, is in the form of a 50-page summary of an in-depth

1 500-page report which took the city engineer's department two years to compile,
Some of the recommendations are almost identical to the views of the President's
Council and the Government on metropolitan government, though this report was
completed some time before the President's Council proposals were made known.

The city council has decided to air the report in public to obtain the widest
possible reaction and to get other local authorities, public bodies and the public
to debate and comment on the proposals. The report envisages a greater Cape Town
area including 21 other existing local authorities stretching from Fish Hoek to
Wellington. The idea is to divide all existing services provided by all the local
authorities into two categories--those that could be undertaken more effectively
and more cheaply by the central metropolitan authority and those best left in the
hands of the local authorities.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English
21 Oct 82 p 17]

ESHOWE VOTING DISPUTE--Durban.--The dispute over granting full municipal franchise
to Coloureds and Indians living in the Eshowe district in Zululand may be resol-
ved in Durban tomorrow. Mr Frank Martin, the senior MEC in the province, said
yesterday he would meet the mayor of Eshowe and the Town Clerk in Durban to dis-
cuss the issue. Mr Brian Page the NRP MP for the area, will also be present. The
Eshowe town council recently applied full municipal rights for Coloureds and In-
dians living in the area. The move was rejected because Mr Martin pointed out
that previously the Natal Exco had tried to change the local ordinance relating
to the municipal franchise, but this had been rejected by the State President.
[Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Oct 82 p 17]

WHEAT IMPORTS-~South Africa is likely to lose self-sufficiency and become a net
wheat importer within five year, say Wheat Board manager Denis van Aarde. Self-
sufficient in all but two of the last 12 years, and at times a substantial exporter,
South Africa would come to reply on imports regularly as the population grew and
eating habits changed, he told Reuters. The exact date that self-sufficiency

will end is hard to pinpoint, depending on how good the weather is from year to
year, advances in crop technology and the area available to wheat. Van Aarde

said that a realistic average for the South African crop would be 2,3-million

tons a year. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 17]

MWASA OFFICIALS--Pietermaritzburg.--A former journalist of the DAILY DISPATCH,

Mr Charles Mqakula, was elected national president of the Media Workers' Associa-
tion of South Africa in Edenvale, near Pietermaritzburg, at the weekend. Mr
Mqakula, a resident of Ciskei, was declared a "prohibited immigrant" by the South
African Government earlier this year and did not attend the Mwasa congress--the
second since it became a trade union in October 1980. The new president of the
union was banned last year, but had the banning order lifted in May. Mr Don
Mattera, a sub-editor with THE STAR in Johannesburg, who had an eight-year banning
order lifted in May, was elected senior vice-president. A spokesman for the union
said yesterday that Mwasa would discuss the re-structure of its policy and organi-
sation at its next congress, five months from now. He said that it was expected
that the union would shift from its stringent Black consciousness thinking to ac-
commodate the ideologies of other labour organisations. Other office bearers
elected were: Mr Gabu Ndlovu, national secretary; Mr Tyrone August, treasurer;

4l



Organization and that of the Organization of African Unity, in particular the
principles dealing with sovereignty, equality of nations, respect for ter-
ritorial integrity, noninterference and the peaceful settlement of disputes
among nations.

Consistent with these principles, they voiced the need to respect the politi-
cal options freely chosen by each state in the exercise of its sovereignty,
and in this connection they condemned all forms of intervention and domina-
tion, going on to reassert that respect for the principles mentioned above is
the prerequisite for peaceful coexistence among nations.

Southern Africa

Taking up the situation in Southern Africa, the two ministers condemned the
barbarous aggression committed by South Africa against the sister republic of
Angola, as well as the racist policy of the Pretoria government designed to
delay the winning of independence by Namibia.

The Middle East

Studying the situation prevailing in the Middle East, the two ministers
forcefully condemned the recent invasion of Lebanese territory and the
Zionist policy of the Israeli government, which rejects any dialogue with the
Palestinian people, in violation of the pertinent resolutions by the Security
Council and General Assembly of the United Nations, and the most basic rules
of international law.

On the subregional level, the two ministers expressed satisfaction with their
cooperation within the UDEAC [Customs and Economic Union of Central Africa].
They voiced the hope that the project calling for the establishment of an
economic community of Central African nations will soon be completed, because
it is consistent with the basic goals in the plan of action and the final
document drafted in Lagos with a view to the creation of an African common
market.

Moving on to discuss matters pertaining to bilateral cooperation, the two
ministers noted with satisfaction that the political desires of their
respective governments are such as to contribute effectively to the economic
development of their two countries. They expressed satisfaction with the
frequent meetings of Congolese and Gabonese representatives on all levels,
bearing witness, if need there be, to the privileged exchange between the two
countries. They expressed the hope that these meetings will continue and
will be still further consolidated.

5157
cso: 3419/40



CONGO

FINAL COMMUNIQUE ISSUED FOLLOWING GABONESE MINISTER'S VISIT
Brazzaville ETUMBA in French No 662, 18 Sep 82 p 8

[Excerpts] At the invitation of Comrade Pierre Nze, a member of the
political bureau and head of the Department of Foreign Relations at the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and
Cooperation Martin Bongo, of the Gabonese Republic, paid an official visit to
our beautiful country from 12-15 September 1982.

We might mention that in addition to the capital, the head of the Gabonese
diplomatic service also visited the cities of Impfondo, Ouesso and Point-
Noire, as well as important economic projects in these localities. In these
cities, Mr Bongo and his entourage were enthusiastically welcomed by large
crowds of people. This confirms the excellent relations existing between the
People's Republic of the Congo and the Gabonese Republic, and bears witness
to the permanent links of friendship and brotherhood uniting the peoples of
these two countries.

In the course of his stay, the Gabonese foreign affairs minister was received
by Comrade Denis Sassou Nguesso, president of the CC of the PCT [Congolese
Labor Party], president of the republic, chief of state and president of the
Council of Ministers, to whom he transmitted a message from president of the
Gabonese Republic El Hadj Omar Bongo. He also paid a courtesy visit to
Comrade Louis Sylvain Goma, prime minister, head of government and a member
of the political bureau. Matters pertaining to cooperation and common
interests were discussed at length on these two occasions.

In addition, in the course of their talks, our distinguished guest and his
Congolese counterpart reviewed current international and African problems and
issues of concern to their two countries. These talks, which developed in an
atmosphere of fraternal cordiality, confirmed the views shared by the two
governments on these problems as a whole.

We are publishing extracts of the final communique issued at the end of this
official visit.

The International Situation

On the international and African levels, the two ministers confirmed the
loyalty of their governments to the charter of the United Nations



TANZANIA

MAINLAND URBAN FAMILIES' LIVING COSTS RISE BY ALMOST ONE FOURTH

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 7 Oct 82 p 1

[Text]

|
cso:

THE cost of living for
families in urban areas on the
mainland rose by 24.4 per
cent according to measures
taken in the second quarters
of 198: id 1982.

A statistical report released
by the Ministry of Planning
and Economic Affairs,
showed that the National
Consumer Index rose to 571.2
in the second quarter of this
year from 459.3 in the same
period last year.

The base year for com-
puting the indexes is 1969
indicates the. report. The CPI
Measures prices — not ex-
penditure of families — in
twenty major towns on the
mainland.

It shows that a 51-4 per
cent charge in the household
operations group due to
higher domestic servant
wages, laundry charges and
detergent prices caused the in-
dex to rise to 480 from 317.1
over the period.

The recreation and en-
tertainment group recorded a
43-6 per cent change in the
same period where increased.
average entry fees for cinemas
and football matches and in-
creased prices of magazine
made the index -go up to
637.5 from 443.8.

Other percentage changes
show that furniture and uten-
sils Prices tose by 37.3 per
cent between the two periods.

3400/34

‘The furnitures and utensils
group index rose from 575.0
in April to June 1981 to 789.3
in the same period this year.

The group. index has gone
up because of increased
average prices of furniture,
blankets, bedsheets, mat-
tresses and utensils, the
report showed.

Food, drink tobacco and
rents groups had the lowest
price changes.

The food group index rose
because of increased prices of
ci va, sweet and irish
Potatoes, beans, coconuts,
vegetables, meat oil and fats

and restaurant meals, the
report showed. The per-
centage rise in this group
over the period under review
was 23.9 per cent.

A 10.3 per cent rise in the
drink and tobacco group in-
dex was due to slightly T
prices of soft drinks. The rents
group rise of 21.6 per cent was
caused by increased average
rents, the report showed.

The fuel, light and water
group index rose over 32.0 per
cent between April and June
1981 and same ‘iod thi
year. In April to e 1981 it
was 512.1 rising to 675.8 this
year.

An increase in the prices of
petrol, car batteries and tyres
caused the transportation
group index to rise from 537.5
to 601.6 during the period.

54

Toothpaste, shaving
cream, face cream and haircut
price increase, during. the
period caused the personal
care and health group index
to rise by over 30.1 per cent.



ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION FIGURES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Oct 82 p 11

[Text] SOUTH Africans spend

cso:

about R4-million daily on
liquor, members of the
NGK synod heard in Pre-
toria yesterday.

Dr MM Nieuwoudt dis-
closed: that Whites drink
about twice as much as
Blacks, while Coloureds
were third on the list. In-
dians, he said, were more
moderate in their drink-
ing habits because their
wives did-not drink for re-

reasons.

He said it was estimated
that about 74 percent of
Whites were habitual
drinkers while only 45
percent of Blacks were

regular drinkers.
+ Dr  Nieuwoudt said
about R23-million was
spent on liquor advertis-
ing in 1979. He said this
advertising constituted &
liquor onslaught on South
Africa. The beer market
had shown an increase of
100 percent in three years.
In 1979, South Africa
spent about R470-million
on beer and this figure
had skyrocketed to R900-
million in 1982.

He said South Africa
had become a beer drink-
ing nation in preference to

5300/13

wine and whiskey.

_ Many social and econ-
omic problems followed in
the wake of this increased
consumption of alcohol.
The number of recorded
road accidents went up
and the cost of medical
treatment for victims of
read accidents was esti-
mated at R500 000 an-

nually. ;
+ The abuse of alcohol
had also played a major
part in the 450 000 crimes
commited annually.

The abuse of alcohot
had led to the disruption

of family life and many

children committed to’

institutions came from
homes where one or both
parents were alcoholics.

In 1980, Ds Nieawoudt
said, the number of adult
alcoholics rose: to 74 140.
Only about 7 000 of these
were admitted to rehabili-
tation centres.

The NGK had a nom-
ber of homes where al-
coholics could be treated.
The Church believed that
most of these people
would respond favourably

to treatment and would be,

returned to society to live
a “restricted” life.

37

SOUTH AFRICA


{Text] : SPEAKERS at the Oc-|
‘tober 19 Commemora-:

[Article by Sam Mabe]

tion Services this week
condemned bannings
and detentions as a fail-‘
ing Government strate-‘
‘gy, which has only suc-
ceeded in nourishing the
black man’s determina-
tion to be free.
, At a service held at
the Dube YWCA and
attended by about 200,
people, Mr Sam Tlou-
batla, an executive of?
Azapo, said the sight of
people like Kenneth Ra-
‘Chidi.\a former member’
‘of the Black People’s:
Convention (BPC) who
was banned in 1977,!
should serve as an inspi-
ration to those who want
to fight for South Afri-
¢a’s liberation. °
He said the events of
October 19, 1977, when.
the then Minister of Jus-
tice Mr Jimmy Kruger -
banned 18-organisa-
tions, two black news- <
Papers and detained and
banned several leaders,’
also served a purpose of
enriching the history of
the black man’s struggle
for freedom in his land.

OCTOBER 19TH COMMEMORATIVE SERVICES HELD

Unity Appeal

Other speakers called:
for the shelving of ideo-{
logical differences which’
breed hatred, and ap-
pealed. for the unity of,
all forces. which desire,
‘freedom.

The Rev M Tema said,
Afrikaners were cur-
‘rently battling to stay to-,

ether When blacks on
the other hand were bat-_
tling. to be divided iby.
concentrating their ef-2 H
fe on labelling one’
another and refusing to
speak to those who held
opposing political views.

" The ‘newly elected’
vice-president of the
Media Workers’ Asso-
ciation of South Africa
(Mwasa). Mr Dor Mat-
tera. said having been
sobbed of their pride,
dignity an . 1d.

blacks had only love for

one another through
which they could regain
what they had lost.

He said the type of
political bickering which
characterised the strug-
gle for liberation could
only help in delaying the
day all blacks looked
forward to- their libe-
ration.

25

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Oct 82 p 4

* *The Black Con-
sciousness philosophy:
has always told me that I
arn beautiful, but by hat-
ing fellow blacks. | am’
not expressing any ap~
preciation of this beau-
ty.” he said.

Mr Mattera also read
a poem in which he
praised the imprisoned
ANC leader. Mr Nelson
Mandela.

A spokesman for the
Transvaal Council of
Sports, Mr Ashok Od-
hav, said niop-collabora-
tion with institutions es-
tablished’ by the Gov-
ernment was the only:
firm foundation on
which blacks could be,
united.

“We have survived.

feudalism. monarchism,
despotism, bubonic
=plague, two‘ world wars
and Hitler. Apartheid
cannot beat us, it must
also come to an end.
History is on our side
and we are duty bound
tocrush it.” he said.

At another service
held at the Orlando
DOCC, a spokesman
fer the Congress of
South African Students

SOUTH AFRICA

(Cosas). said democracy
in South Africa will not
be stopped from coming
by police brutality.
“Apartheid. oppres-
sion. capitalism and alt
that goes with it are
dirty and detestable.
Bannings and detentions
cannot make us start
loving what causes our
misery and suffering. In-
stead. they will make us
more determined.” he
Said...



Mr Mike Robertson, Natal vice-president; Mr Leslie Xinwa, Eastern Cape vice-presi-
dent; and Mr Hennie Pick, Western Cape vice-president.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannes-
burg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Oct 82 p 102

LANGA PASS RAIDS--Cape Town-~In the past 11 days 717 people have appeared in the
Langa Commissioner's Court for pass law offences and have been fined a total of

36 620 after a spate of raids on Black workers’ hostels in the townships. Accord-
ing to court records the 717 have faced 1 143 charges, have been found guilty on
882 and not guilty on 80 since the beginning of last week. Ninety-five of the
cases were withdrawn and 86 postponed. Some of the people were remanded. Of
those found guilty, on 80 since the beginning of last week. Ninety-five of the
cases were withdrawn and 86 postponed. Some of the people were remanded. Of
those found guilty, 190 were cautioned and discharged. However, the total figure
for those charged since the recent round of pass raids began several weeks ago
could be substantially higher. A spokesman for the Black Sash Athlone advice of-
fice estimated it to be in the region of 1 500. The raids had come amid allega-
tions by community leaders and Opposition spokesmen of a tightening-up on influx
control in the Western Cape following the National Party's Cape congress last
month. Mr Timo Bezuidenhoud, Chief Commissioner of the Department of Cooperation
and Development in the Western Cape, denied there was any "crackdown" on Blacks
illegally in the area. He said the recent inspections were routine. Sapa. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 11]

MAKANDA CHARGED-~Port Elizabeth--The banned former chairman of the Motor Assem-
blers and Component Workers' Union of South Africa (Macwusa), Mr Dumile Makanda
appeared briefly in the Port Elizabeth magistrate's court yesterday charged with
possession of undesirable literature and contravening his restriction order. He
was not asked to plead and the case was postponed to December 6. Bail was set at
R600 on condition Mr Makanda does not interfere with State witnesses or leave the
Port Elizabeth district, and that he reports to the police once a week.--Sapa.
[Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 9]

COLOURED SEA CADETS--Cape Town. Coloured youths may now join Naval Cadets, and
recruiting will start at the training ship, Woltemade fi in Sandvlei near the
lakeside station today. The TS Woltemade's executive officer, Mr Rupert Toms,
said the Naval Cadets were looking for boys between the ages of 13 and 15, and
with a Standard 6 to 8 education. "We're a non-military youth organisation and
we cannot guarantee our cadets an entry into the South African Navy should they
wish to make that their career, but we will be teaching them the discipline of
good seamanship and sailmanship," he said. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 16 Oct 82 p 10]

REPORT ORDERED ON GRIQUAS--The President's Council has been asked to report on

the political, economic and social needs and demands of the Griquas. A notice

in yesterday's Government Gazette said the State President had asked the Presi-
dent's Council to advise him on the needs and demands of the Griquas with reference
to certain fields identified by the interdepartmental commission of inquiry into
the identity of the Griquas. These fields included the political, economic--
including the need for additional farming land and residential areas and the ac-
celerated development of existing areas--and social. Interested people and

42



SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

BRIEFS

PRESIDENTIAL STOPOVER AFTER DPRK VISIT--Luanda, 18 Oct (ANGOP)--Manuel Pinto
da Costa, chairman of the Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe
and head of state of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, made a
few hours stopover in Luanda on Saturday, coming from Pyongyang, North Korea,
where he made an official visit from 11 through 13 October at the invitation
of his Korean counterpart, Kim Il-song. According to reliable sources, during
the visit, the Sao Tome delegation signed an economic and technical agreement.
[Text] [AB181542 Luanda ANGOP in French 1200 GMT 18 Oct 82]

cso: 3419/81

24



ANGOLA

GOOD PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION WITH FRANCE
AB150910 Paris AFP in English 0842 GMT 15 Oct 82

[Text] Paris, 15 Oct (AFP)--French officials are to visit Angola later this
month to evaluate and identify projects for discussion in December by the
Franco-Angolan Joint Commission, Luanda's Ambassador to Paris Luis d'Almeida
said here.

Mr d'Almeida said the prospects for developing cooperation between the two
countries were particularly favorable, and he welcomed the conclusion of an
outline agreement last July.

France ranks second after Portugal among Angola's western suppliers. Last
year its exports rose 130 percent to more than 900 million francs ($130 million).

A team from European Airbus Industries is also to visit Angola soon to discuss
a project to enlarge the country's civil airline fleet, for which Boeing is
also a competitor, Mr d'Almeida said.

The ambassador singled out agriculture, industry, oil, mining, infrastructures
and education as fields in which Franco-Angolan cooperation would be particularly
useful, France could participate in developing road, rail and sea transport,
including the opening of a shipping route, and technical training.

Other projects include the building of a truck plant and a maintenance and
after-sales service for Renault cars and commercial vehicles already being
assembled in Angola.

French oil companies are already active in Angola, and Mr d'Almeida said that
France would in principle join with Angola and possibly Portugal in a scheme

to electrify the whole country. France has also agreed to help start a research
center for new and renewable energy sources, notably solar power.

cso: 3400/122



[Question] Is there a risk that party activists will drift into complacency in
the wake of the landslide victory of 11 June?

[Answer] On the contrary, that stunning victory has spurred a new sense of
commitment . among the militants, the workers in general and all those who were
struggling against the regime and system that were in place. We are seeing a
new wave of popular support and party commitment. The workers are organizing
in their unions; neighborhood people's committees are being created throughout
the country; a dynamic process of organization and political awareness has be-
gun among the people, in support of societal change. It must be emphasized
that the MMM and its various organizations are playing a leading role in this
dynamic process. The MMM has been working tirelessly for the last 13 years to
promote the cause of socialism by raising the consciousness of the workers and
the oppressed.

[Question] What is your assessment of the party's organizational structures,
now that the general elections are behind us?

[Answer] Unlike the other parties in the country, the MMM has always had per-
manent structures spread all over the country. Those structures have always
had dynamic leadership. After the elections, there was a period of flux, be-
cause no one expected a victory of such magnitude. After that period of flux
the militants got down to the task of redefining their role and their responsi-
bilities under a government which they helped to bring to power. At the current
time, serious and far-reaching debates are taking place at various levels within
the party to help the government implement its program and to insure that this
program is effectively implemented. The ruling MMM along with its partners,

and the party organizations have all become stronger. That will facilitate the
work of consolidation at all levels, with special emphasis on the ideological
aspect.

[Question] Will the secretary general be an administrator, concentrating on
running the party, or will he have a role in the formulation of the party's
political plans?

[Answer] I do not see the secretary general as a party administrator, I tell
you frankly that this party, which has been in existence for 13 years, does not
need an administrator. I am aware that our militants expect that the secretary
general will be someone who is completely dedicated to the party's concerns,
thereby freeing the other leaders who have been called upon to assume the
weighty responsibilities at the national level. The secretary general will

have to synthesize the various ideological currents that traverse the party,

and to see to it that the party line is made clear in dialogue and friendship

at all levels of the party. I hope to see the provision of the party constitu-
tion which calls for mutual assistance among the party comrades become a reality.

[Question] How would you define the relations between the MMM as a party, and
the MMM ministers and backbenchers?

{Answer] I think it is dangerous to engage in fragmenting roles in the party.
Every comrade is called upon to play his part, whether he be a minister, deputy

15



Pointing out that ex-
portation of live animals was
a specialised business, Ndugu
Kirigini said they needed
reorientation after the long
suspersion of cattle exports.
-“The 20,000 target is
designed to give us experience
in the business... to build the
capability to export: and
become self-propelling in
future,” he explained.

cso: 3400/34



ZAIRE

MEASURES SUGGESTED FOR SOLVING SHORTAGE OF BREAD
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 10-11 Oct 82 p 3
[Article by Lutete Nsakala]

[Text] For the last few days, the city of Kinshasa has undergone a shortage
of bread which is disturbing; and, as might be expected in such circumstances,
the price of this necessity has automatically gone up 100 percent.

According to information collected by MIDEMA, the firm that produces the wheat
flour used in bread, indicate that the main cause of this rare event is the
effectiveness of the departments responsible for controlling the use of flour
by bakers. Many of the latter use flour for things other than breadmaking.

It would be desirable for the Ministry of National Economy, Industry, and
Commerce to take charge of the situation to avoid having the flour used for
other purposes. In fact, a great number of breadmaking firms have acquired
the habit of stocking flour either to cause a shortage or to profit from ex-
orbitant prices. This ministry must act so that the bakeries no longer sell
illegally the flour that they receive from MIDEMA.

Moreover, it must be recognized that MIDEMA's flour has been slightly lower
mainly because of difficulties involved in the supply of wheat. In fact,
MIDEMA requests 3.5 million dollars more or less to import 15,000 tons of
wheat. However, it is all the more impossible for this reduction to affect
bread production because the quantity originally intended for Kinshasa bakeries
continues to be delivered normally and covers the needs of the population.

Thus, it can be affirmed that the factors behind this shortage are outside
NIDEMA's control. Since the prices of wheat and of flour have not increased,
providing the bakeries is continuing as in the past. It remains to stop the
harmful actions of those breadmaking firms to combat this bread shortage which
holds sway in Kinshasa.

cso: 3419/92

59



NO HOMELANDS FOR INDIANS, COLOUREDS ENVISAGED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN

[Text] WESSELSBRON. - To’

cso:

rovide a homeland for

oloureds in South
Africa would mear. los-
ing “key positions” to
the Coloureds, the
Minister of Mineral
and Energy Affairs, Mr
PT C du Plessis said at
a National Party mect-
ing in Wesselsbron on
Thursday night.

He referred to posi-
tions such as Simonstown,
Koeberg, the Houses of
Parliament and the
“Mother City of the Afri-

er”.

Mr Du Plessis was re-
plying to a question by a
Conservative Party sup-
porter who had asked
why a homeland for Indi-

ans was not set up im

Stanger and one for Col-
oureds in the Western

Cape.

If South Africa pro-
vided an Indian homeland
there would be an uncon-
trollable influx of immig-
rants from India,” he
said. oo

impractical
Indians and Coloureds

had ownership rights in
South Africa, which

3400/133

in English 16 Oct 82 p 12

Blacks did not have, and
it would be impracticable
for the Government to
expect Indians living in
large Indian business
communities, such as the

one in Klerksdorp, to
have an interest in a
homeland from which
they were divorced.

Mr Du Plessis said peo-
ple who did not have a
political affiliation and a
governing body to which
they could relate, became
frustrated and posed a
danger to a country. The
National Party was there-
fore working towards
offering the Coloureds
and Indians their own
political systems.

Solution

If the Government did
not find a solution to
satisfy the Coloureds and
Indians, it would leave
the situation open to com-
munist infiltration.

He spoke about a total
onslaught by communists
against South Africa and
linked them with acts of
sabotage, boycotts, and
subversion.

“There is conflict
potential in South Africa
because of the diversity of
the races, and therefore
only a sound, stable gov-
ernment can avoid blood-

32

shed and revolution and
satisfy the reasonable
needs and aspirations of
reasonable South Afri-
cans,” he said.

(News by Fiona Smith,

Senkor Building, Civic
Centre, Welkom.)

SOUTH AFRICA


NO CHANGE IN PESKOR'S POLITICAL POLICY REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN

[Text]

cso:

PERSKOR’S political
policy will not_ change.
“flow, or in the future;
Dr Willem van Heer-
den said yesterday
soon after’a directors”
meeting appointed him
chairman of the giant:
publishing company.

The meeting also ap-
pointed ’Dr W B Coetzer
deputy chairman and Mr
JM Buitendag as manag-
ing director and chief ex-
ecutive officer.

Dr Van Heerden (79),
chairman of The Citizen
and Rapport, succéeds
Mr’ Marius Jooste who
died suddenly last week.

‘He was appointed atan
extraordinary meeting of
the Dagbreek Trust, Per-
skor’s cantrolling body.

Threeassets *

“There is’ not: really -
very much to say,” Dr
Van Heerden said of his
new appointment.

“It is, of course, a big
responsibility to have”
taken on but I am fortu-
nate to have three import-
ant elements in my
favour.”

He listed them as “a
board of able and experi-
enced men; a managing
director in the person of
Mr Buitendag who has
not only great ability, but
profound knowledge of

3400/133

in English 19 Oct 82 p 2

the vast network of Per-
skor’s activities; and a
capable and loyal staff”. .-

Dr Van Heerden began
his journalistic career as a
reporter on Die Volks-
blad int Bloemfontein
and, during the early 30s.
made his mark with his
coverage of the old stan-;
dard crisis.

In 1932, he left Naiio
fale Pers and became
assistant . editor on the
then twice-weekly news-
paper in Pretoria, Die
Vaderland. =

He was appointed its
editor after it became a
Johannesburg daily in
1936 and remained in that
position until 1946.

-In 1947, he left Afri-

}_kaanse Pers, publishers of

Die Vaderland, together
with Mr Jooste arid a year
later became editor of the
newly-established Sunday
paper, Dagbreek, a posi.
tion he held until 1962.

Before his retirement
in 1967, he served. as edi-
tor-in-chief of the Afri-
kaanse Pers group.

He was elected a mem-
ber of the Suid-Afri-
kaanse Akademie vir
Kuns en Wetenskap and
in 1971 he was awarded

33

the Markus Viljoen med-
al for journalistic achieve-'
ments. :

. interests
He was awarded the
honorary degree of PhD
by the Rand Afrikaans
University in 1978.

He lists his interests
and hobbies as farming
and golf but nature con-
servation is also a big in-
terest having been ‘inti-
mately involved with the
creation of Veldtrust.

-The-new deputy chair-
man of Perskor, Dr W B
Coetzer, is a pioneer of
Afrikaans business and
mining.

» Mines chief

. He joined Federale
Volksbeleggings in 1941
as commercial adviser
and, at the age of 31, had

progressed to, the third
top post in the executive.

In 1952, he was jointly

responsible for the found-
ing of Federale Mynbou,
the mining house which
initially concentrated on
coal mining, but grew
eventually to take over
General Mining and Fi-
nance Corporation with
its gold interests.

As chairman of Federa-
le Mynbou-General:Min-
ing, Dr Coetzer was in-
volved in the take-over of

SOUTH AFRICA

Union Corporation in
1975.

He has since retired as
chairman of Gencor, but
has retained the
chairmanship of Federale
Mynbou. He is also a di-
rector of Dagbreek Trust.



From this, the first ever
southern road net-
work will develop
with the projected
link to the Kibiti-
Lindi road, whose
work has stalled for
sometime.

All these expensive un-

dertakings, are a
good indicator of just

how serious we are
about national
development and it is
up to people living in
areas where the high-
ways pass to evolve
development plans
that will put to full
use the new and
dependable links.

Kigogo-Magomeni Road Construction

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 7 Oct 82 p 3

[Text]

THE government has directed
all parties concerned with the
construction of the Kigogo+
Magomeni. road in Dar es
Salaam to join their forces to
get the construction going
again.

‘The directive was issued
yeterday by the Minister of
State in the Prime Minister’
Office, Ndugu Paul Kimit
when he toured Dar. es
Salaam city projects.

~The construction. of the
Kigogo-Magomeni

Mwananchi’ Engineering and
Contracting ‘Company
(MECCO) was scheduled to
be completed in April this
year after a period of ten
months. - .

Covering a distance of two
kilometres, the road was in-
tended to ease transportation
congestion between
Magomeni Kigogo and the
Pugu Road industrial area.

Moro-Dodoma Highway Construction

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 6 Oct 82 p 3

{Article by Mike Sikawa]

[Text] CONSTRUCTION work on the

Dodoma-Morogoro highway is
due to be completed by next
March, and the handing-over of
the road to the Tanzania
government is to follow shortly
after, the Minister for Works.
Ndugu Samwel Sitta disclosed
yesterday. =

In an interview, the minister
said the project was on schedule.
and earthworks had reached
Chalinze village, very close to
Chamwino. The earthworks are
scheduled to reach Dodoma
before the short rains start in
November.

Ndugu Sitta said the road had
been all tarred from Morogoro
up to Gairo, a distance of about
150 kilometres from Dodoma.

Finishing touches were being
applied on some two bridges and
aculvert.

The two bridges which are still
being worked on are Mikundi
and Ngerengere. rivers. The
culvert “is. the biggest in the
country 50 ff. ier cio.

“As ministry we are quite
satisfied with the workshop and
the work done to-date.” Ndugu
Sitta said.

The minister explained that
the road will have a yellqw lining
mark in the middle of the road.
which reflects during the night.

There will also be some two
white lines on both sides of the
toad.

Ndugu — Sitta’ said the
contractor for the project. a

48

Brazilian firm, Enganharia
Comercio Industria SA
(ECISA), would hand over the

roject to the government
immediately after it was

completed in March next year.

The minister further reported
that the cost of the project has
gone up by about 20 per cent
over the original cost of 450
million/-, when construction
work started in July 1980.

The company is employing
over 1,000 Tanzanian workers
on the road project. which
covers 265 kilometres, and a 6.5
metres width. The project. is
aimed at easing transportation
roblems between the city of
ar es Salaam and the new
capital at Dodoma.



is currently examining the operations of the central administration and the
para-statal bodies, and investigating the excess and underutilized employees.
The report will then be reviewed by the one of the tripartite sub-committees.

Mr Berenger reiterated his intention to introduce a Bearer Bond Scheme in
order to recover as much as possible of the "Black Money." In that connection,
he said, contacts are being made with banking circles in India. He commented
on the upcoming establishment of the Economic and Social Council (CES) and
said that a "Draft Bill" on the question was circulated Thursday at the meeting
of the tripartite committee. He announced that a bill on the "Productivity
Council" will soon be introduced.

The preparatory work is under way by officials in the ministries of finance,
commerce, industry, prices and consumer protection, labor and industrial rela-
tions. "We must take account of the worldwide competition which Mauritian in-
dustry has to face, and we must take pains to see that Mauritian products are
able to cope with such competition, both in terms of prices and in terms of
quality."

Regarding the possibility of unemployment compensation, the minister said his
colleague from National Health, Employment and National Solidarity has presented
a "Draft White Paper," prepared after discussions with a foreign expert, Mr
David Bradbury. The council of ministers decided at its Thursday meeting to
name a committee composed of Mr Berenger, Mr Kailash Ruhee and Mr Cassam Uteem,
along with officials of the three ministries (finance, planning and national
health) to study the implications of the measures contained in that rough draft
of the plan. A bill will be presented before the end of the year on the
question.

"We cannot perform miracles, but we must do as much as possible to help at
least those who cannot work."

He also spoke of the upcoming establishment of a "National Enterprise Board,"
whose purpose will be to manage government interests "in order to yield maximum
profits and dividends for the treasury." The finance minister also constated
that the country is presently losing enormous amounts of money because of the
lack of an adequate national merchant marine. He said that the question of
creating a national merchant marine has been discussed with Mrs Indira Gandhi,
the prime minister of India, and that it will also be discussed with Mr Jean-
Pierre Cot, the French minister of cooperation, who will be in Mauritius 29-31
August this year.

The government, he added, has been forced to step in to alleviate the problems
of the Rose Belle sugar property. He said that a commission of inquiry will be
established later this year and that efforts have begun to get the services of
a foreign expert to act as president of that commission.

Another enterprise to be established is the "Island Development Corporation,"

which will have the responsibility of managing AGALEGA [expansion unknown] and
possibly Saint-Brandon, and which will eventually be called upon to work in

21



TANZANIA

LIDA SEEKING NEW CATTLE EXPORT MARKETS IN AFRICA, MIDDLE EAST

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 13 Oct 82 p 1

{Article by Mkumbwa Ally]

[Text]

THE Livestock Development
Authority (LIDA) is looking
for new cattle export markets
in the Middle East and Africa
as a part of efforts towards
fulfilling the requirements of
the National Economic Sur-
vival Programme (NESP).
The Minister for Livestock
Development, Ndugu Herman
Kirigini, said in Dar ‘es
Salaam yesterday that. cattle
exports which resumed _ two
months ago had so far found
a market through a Saudi,
Arabian ‘importer. .

However, the Minister said,
there were some difficulties
which had arisen with the
Saudi Arabian importer who
had suspended the only order
this year for 15,000 animals.

He said plans for new
markets in Africa and the
Middle East, world be geared
at exporting 20,000 cattle
during the second half of this
year.

So far only 2,928 animals
were shipped out under con-
tract with Saudi importer
Nasser Al-mohamed Al-
mukairish, the minister said.

He explained that the im-
porter has suspended the rest
of the order apparently
because he was not too happy
with the second shipment of
2,000 cattle which arrived in
Saudi Arabia “exhausted”.

Mr. Al-mukairish also ap-
parently needed time to test
the market for the Tanzania

animals which were not on
sale in Saudi Arabia for a
long time, he added.

The Minister said a senior
government official had
visited Saudi Arabia recently
to inspect the disputed con-
signment with a view to sor-
ting out matters and resuming
the deal.

Ndugu Kirigini explained
that the animals in question
had been vaccinated and cer-
tified veterinary officers
before shipment and that the
selection was done by two
agents commissioned by the
importer himself. .

“Tt is possible that the
animals arrived in Saudi
Arabia exhausted and we
suspect this resulted from un-
derfeeding during tran-
sportation. Incidentally, the
ship which ferried them was
provided by the importer,” he
said. ”

Ndugu Kirigini said the
animals were rated to con-
sume five bales of hay each
during the journey, adding
that the ship was loaded with
some 10,000 bales.

The ship’s captain had also
been instructed to carry
enough water for the animals
before departure and this was
done, the Minister added.

Veterinary authorities in
Saudi Arabia did certify that
the animals were not sick, but
that they were weary. “We
suspect that they were not
properly fed,” he emphasised.

Ndugu Kirigini said ef-
forts were being made to con-
tact the Saudi importer to
determine the future of the
deal, but added that
arrangements were on hand
to seek alternative markets.

The Minister indicated that
there were possibilities to ex/
Port 1,000 cattle monthly to
another Saudi Arabian im-
porter with further prospects
to’ secure a contract with a
North Yemen institution
which would airlift 80
animals daily. :

Other prospects were in
Zaire which was interested in
frozen meat from Tanzania,
and LIDA officials were ex-
pected to leave for Rwanda

and Burundi on Monday for
consultations with the Zaire
meat agents.

The two consignments ship-
ped to Saudi Arabia earned
the country about seven
million shillings — in foreign
excheage. The Tanzania
Livestock Marketing Com-
pany (TLMC) had another
6,000 cattle in its holding

grounds ready for export,
Ndugu Kirigini said.
According to Ndugu

Kirigini, the target to export
20,000 cattle during the
second half of this year was a
pilot undertaking intended. to
give the Ministry and LIDA
an insight into the livestock
export potential.



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

MAIZE SHORTAGE-~Bulawayo--There were long queues for maize meal outside Bulawayo
millers yesterday as reports reached the city that some communal land traders were
trying to import stocks from Harare. Some 56 trucks got in the queue at one mil-
ling firm on Sunday afternoon; several others had been waiting for four days.

Some came from the Kezi district, Gwanda, and from south of Bulilima-Mangwe. All
drivers gave reports of hunger and privation in their areas, with people in the
Empandeni-Embakwe areas near Plumtree reported to be lying down in front of passing
trucks in attempts to persuade drivers to sell them mealiemeal. "We have never
seen the likes of it before," said one trader from the area.~~Sapa. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Oct 82 p 8]

cso: 3400/133 END

60



SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

JPRS 82172

4 November 1982

No, 2715
CoNTENTS
ANGOLA
Good Prospects for Cooperation With France
(AFP, 15 Oct 82).. 1
Briefs
Increased RSA Reconnaissance Flights 2
Cabinda Border Guard Commander 2
Trade Union Official Speaks at Meeting 2
MPLA Deserters Reportedly Train UNITA 3
Tourism Agreement With Portugal 3
CONGO
Final Communique Issued Following Gabonese Minister's Visit
(ETUMBA, 18 Sep 82)...... occ ceceneececees ee ce enesncees . 4
Minister of Trade Discusses Price Increases
(Joseph Elenga Ngaporo Interview; ETUMBA, 18 Sep 82).... 6
GHANA :
PNDC Member Denies WDCS To Replace Unions
(Accra Domestic Service, 17 Oct 82).. 8
Briefs
Decentralization Plans 9
GDR Drugs Donation 9
MADAGAS CAR
French Cooperation Minister's Visit Evaluated
(MADAGAS CAR-MATIN, 1 Sep 82)........ 10

{III - NE & A - 120]



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

LOWER ISCOR OUTPUT--Iscor's work force will be drastically affected because of a
decision to curtail production at its various plants and mines. The managing
director of Iscor, Mr F P Kotzee, said the corporation's work force would be dras-
tically affected, and adjustments in manpower would have to be made. However, he
said steps affecting employees would be taken with circumspection and with a great
sense of responsibility. Production is to be reduced as a result of the level-
ling off in the steel industry. Employment figures were already being reduced

by decreased recruiting and by not employing more people in certain sections.
Workers were also being spread more effectively.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg

THE CITIZEN in English 21 Oct 82 p 10]

STUDENTS QUIT TURFLOOP--Over 3 000 students left the university at Turfloop
yesterday, and by late last night the campus was said to be "empty", except for
foreign students who were still negotiating for transport. At the time of going
to Press, it was revealed that only seven students were still at the campus with
their luggages ready, waiting for transport to take them to Zimbabwe and Namibia.
About 75 percent of the students had gone away before 2.00 pm, to meet the au-
thorities' deadline to leave the campus before 5.00 pm if the students still re-
fused to go to class. Authorities at Turfloop said the university has gone into
recess until November 1, and students were required to leave the hostels and the
campus before 5.00 pm yesterday. A statement said on November 1 the normal aca-
demic programme for 1982 will be continued. But the president of the Students’
Representative Council, Mr George Phatudi, said it will depend on the situation
in November whether the students will go back to class or not. He said when the
students go back on November 1, there will be a mass meeting to assess the situa-
tion. He added that the students’ decision to leave campus rather than return
to lectures before their colleagues were either charged or freed was a clear sign
of unity. The University of the North is the second black institution to shut
it's doors to students this year, after similar trouble at the Fore Hare Univer-
sity about two months ago where close to 1 500 students were expelled. [Text]
[Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Oct 82 p 1]

LOCAL GOVERNMENT PLAN--Cape Town.--A blueprint for a metropolitan form of local
government in greater Cape Town which could save millions of rands, has been re-
leased by the city council after being kept confidential for several months.

The move could change the face of the Peninsula from Fish Hoek to Wellington,
streamline services and save large funds wasted through overlapping and duplication
of services. The report, which has been kept under wraps for some time because

40



SUGAR INDUSTRY PROBE HANDED TO GOVERNMENT

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 9

[Text] THE committee of inquiry into the

SOUTH AFRICA

it was recommended that this be

sugar industry had completed its inves-
tigation and had submitted its findings
and recommendations to the Govern-
ment, the Director-General of Indus-
tries, Commerce and Tourism, DT A
du Plessis, said yesterday...

Dr Du Plessis‘said in a statement in
Pretoria the South African Sugar
Association would be given an oppor-
tunity to study and comment on the.
report before the Government. made—
any decisions on. the recommenda-
tions.

The most important findings and”
recommendations concerned the ex-
pansion of sugar production and the
method of payment and recovery of
cane transport costs.

“In regard to expansion, it was
concluded that over the next 10 years,
room for limited expansion exists and

allowed in KwaZulu, KanGwane,
Transkei and the Eastern Transvaal
Lowveld,” the statement said.

The existing method of payment and
recovery of cane transport costs had
caused a great deal of controversy and
dissatisfaction over the years, the
statement. added.

“Because of. conflicting interests,
attempts to improve the position have
hitherto met with little success, with
the result that the cane transport costs,
which represent a substantial portion
of total cost, have resulted in the
overall cost structure of the industry

. being higher than it needs to be.”

The report recommends that a new
scheme, whereby cane growers will be
responsible for the transport costs of
their cane to the mill, should be intro-
duced from the 1983 / 84 season.

Report Welcomed,

DURBAN - Mr R K
Ridgway, chairman of the

South African Sugar’

Association, said in Dur-
ban yesterday he wel-
comed the release of the
report. - - :

He. said some of the
detailed recommenda-
tions could prove difficult
to implement, and in fact
some of the problems
arising from the main re-
commendations had been
left to the sugar industry
to solve.

It was therefore neces-
sary for the sugar industry

With Reservations

to give detailed consid-
eration to the report, and
then to discuss the matter
with the Minister.

Mr Ridgway said it was
possible that the two sec-
tions of the industry - the
millers and the growers -
could have differing opin-
ions on certain of the re-
commendations, and
these views would have to
be discussed before any

decisions could be

reached. .

Mr L Gardon-Hughes,
chairman of the South
African Cane Growers’

Association, said that a.

year ago, when evidence
was submitted to the‘com-
mittee, the association
was opposed to any large
scale expansion into new.
areas. :

Since then, local mar-
ket sales had been much

lower than expected and
conditions. in the world
market had also deterio-
rated.

World sugar stocks
were over 34-million tons,
which was 10-million tons

38

above normal. Produc-
tion still exceeded con-
sumption and the result
was that export prices
were disastrously low.

At present all sugar-
exporting countries,
through the International
Sugar Organisation, were
examining ways of further
curtailing production to
restore export prices.

For these reasons it
would not be the
appropriate time to com-
mit the industry to a 10-
year expansion prog-
Tamme.



GHANA

PNDC MEMBER DENIES WDCS TO REPLACE UNIONS
AB171345 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 17 Oct 82

[Text] The emergency national delegates conference of the TUC [Trade Union
Congress] in Kumasi had ended. At the closing session, a member of the PNDC
[Provisional National Defense Council] Ebow Tawiah, urged workers to reject
the lies of counterrevolutionaries that the Workers Defense Committees [WDC]
have been established to replace the unions. To accept such a situation,

he said, will be to encourage division among the ranks of workers. Unity of
all workers is important for the success of the revolution, Ebow Tawiah
declared, adding trade unionists must see the WDCS as political institutions
whose aim is to complement the role of unions in defending the rights and
working conditions of workers. He therefore advised unionists and members of
WDCS to work in harmony.

The PNDC member called on workers of Ghana to shake off their political slumber
now and actively involve themselves in the ongoing revolutionary process.

He explained that the aim of the revolution is to place the destiny of Ghana
in the hands of the working people. The PNDC has demonstrated its intention
with regard to workers power in several ways. The PDCS [People's Defense
Committees] and WDCS have now become organs of people's power. Ebow Tawiah
also spoke about democracy in the labor movement. He emphasized that democracy
is the only insurance against subversion both internal and external. Ebow
Tawiah warned that if the labor movement fails to do this, the leadership
will become detached from the workers. He hoped the move for popular partici-
pation which was expressed at the conference would continue.

In a resolution, the participants among other things advised the government

to tolerate different shades of opinion. This is because most of these opinions
are expressed in the interest of the nation. The government should also come
out with a clear-cut decision on the withdrawal of the 50 CEDI notes. The
participants decided also that the chairman of the Interim Management Committee
of the TUC, Mr Aboagye, should be the spokesman of the congress and not execu-
tive chairman. More than 200 delegates from 16 of the 17 national unions
attended the conference. The National Union of Seamen was not represented.
Also at the conference were warrant officer Adjei Buadi, another PNDC member,
and the special adviser to the PNDC, Capt Kojo Tsikata.

Cso: 3400/122



MACHINERY FOR TRC DEPOTS IN TABORA, MOSHI ARRIVES

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 13 Oct 82 p 3

[Article by Attilio Tagalile]

[Excerpt] MACHINERY worth 22°

cso:

mittion/- in foreign exchange
for the Tanzania Railways
Corporation (TRC) diesel

locomotive depots in Tabora,

and Moshi has arrived in the
country

TRO Chief Mechanical
Engineer H. Sakwari said in
Dar es Salaam yesterday that
the machinery had been
provided by a West Germany
firm; Jos Hansens, which he
said had also provided
machinery for the Morogoro:
bared TRC depot.

He -said the machinery,
which arrived in Dar es
Salaam recently, would be
preserved in the city until con-
struction of two buildings to.
house the equipment in
"Pabora, and Moshi was com,
pleted
poBdugu Sakwari said that

3400/34

construction of the proposed”

depot at Tabora was going on
well.

He said installation of the

machinery at the Tabora
depot should start early next
year. Civil engineering. work
was expectrd to be completed
before the end of the year, he
said.

The Tabora depot is presen-
tly being constructed by Con-
struction Engineers and
Builders (CEB) who replaced
Desai Construction Company
because of the company’s
failure to properly execute the
project. Late in 1979, by
April, :981 they had only
cleared the site, leaving the
bulk of work unattended to.

According to an agreement
signed between TRC and
Desai Construction Company,
construction: of . ‘the«-depot
would have: been completed
last-April.

50

TANZANIA

Ndugu Sakwari said con-
struction of the Moshi depot
was also going on well. The
contractors, BECCO, were ex-
pected to complete civil
engineering work soon and
give way to installation of
machinery.

Both depots, in Tabora and
Moshi, would cost around 25
million/- each, according to
TRC Chief Civil Engineer P.
Kyesi.



This has been revealed in Dar es Salaam by TAZARA General Manager Charles Nyi-
renda, when briefing reporters on his mission in West Germany, from where he re-
turned yesterday. Ndugu Nyirenda said the package included 14 locomotives and
16 engines. Nine of the 14 locomotives would be purchased through West German

a grant of 60m/- for Tanzania and a loan of the same amount for Zambia. The Gen-
eral Manager said that for the remaining five locomotives, the Zambian government
secured a loan of 80 million/- through the kreditanstalt fur wiederaufbau (KFW)--
the Bank for Reconstruction in West Germany--and the final agreement would be
finalised before January next year. Ndugu Nyirenda said the 16 engines would be
delivered in four equal instalments from January. The General Manager said TA-
ZARA had previously signed a contract for 16 engines of which six were delivered
last month. He said that the two agreements of 16 engines each would raise the
number of TAZARA's engines to 36, adding that the authority needed a minimum of
42 locomotives to operate effectively. [Charles Kizigha] [Text] [Dar es Salaam
DAILY NEWS in English 8 Oct 82 p 1]

BIO-GAS TECHNOLOGY IN LINDI, RUVOMA--The Small Industries Development Organisation
(SIDO) plans to introduce bio-gas technology in Lindi and Ruvuma in view of increa-
sing cattle keeping in the regions. A SIDO bio-gas project manager, Ndugu Arryster
Lyamchal has told SHIHATA in Dar es Salaam that his organisation intended to en-
courage the use of bio-gas for lighting and heating throughout the country. He
said Tanzania was the first large-scale user of bio-gas energy in Africa and that
it had been selected by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation
(UNIDO) as a demonstration centre for the African continent. He said UNIDO had
donated 55,000/- to finance bio-gas development in the country. Ndugu Lyamchai
said bio-gas plants had been established in Kigoma, Arusha, Mwanza, [first letter
missing] hingynga, Dodoma, Singida, and Morogoro regions. He urged regional lead-
ers to promote the use of this energy source to augment efforts to ease the fuel
crisis facing the country. The project manager complained that some "highly-
placed officials in the government" had a negative attitude towards SIDO's ef-
forts to develop bio-gas plants. He praised Kigoma Region which he said, had com-
mited 70,000/- of the regional development fund to finance bio-gas projects. In
Arusha, he said, bio-gas was used for lighting and heating at the regional prison,
Arusha Technical College, Constatine Secondary School, Kibaji Rural Training Cen-
tre, Oldonyo-Sambu Primary School, Noerende Hospital and Mwangaza Restaurant.
[Excerpt] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 11 Oct 82 p 1]

STEEL PLANT FEASIBILITY STUDY--The National Development Corporation (NDC) has signed
a feasibility study agreement with a West Germany firm--lurgi--for Tanzania's pro-
posed iron and steel plant. The NDC Chairman and Managing Director, Ndugu Arnold
Kilewo, said in Dar es Salaam yesterday that the feasibility studies to take 10
months would commence immediately. Ndugu Kilewo, who was accompanied by the NDC's
Director of Industrial Development, Ndugu G. Mariki, returned to Dar es Salaam
yesterday morning from Vienna where he held talks with United Nations Industrial
Development Organisation (UNIDO) and Lurgi officials before signing the agreement.
He said that the 3.8 million/- feasibility studies would be financed by UNIDO
adding that the study was intended to provide data for Tanzania to be self-suf-
ficient in steel. The NDC chief executive said the study would give data indica-
ting the cost of establishing the plant, product mix and location. He hinted
however, that it was most likely that the plant would be located near the iron
ore deposits at Liganga and Mchuchuma coal deposits in Iringa Region. Ndugu Ki-
lewo pointed out that the establishment of the plant would be a great step

56



MADAGASCAR

FRENCH COOPERATION MINISTER'S VISIT EVALUATED
Tananarive MADAGASCAR-MATIN in French 1 Sep 82 pp 1, 2

[Text] All those people, mainly in Madagascar but also in France, who

expected a spectacular decline of French-Malagasy cooperation after 10 May
1981, once the socialist government took power in France, must be bitterly
disappointed by now. France and Madagascar, each practicing its own brand
of socialism, had no problem getting together under the changed conditions.

Three major factors went into this: the meeting last October in Paris be-
tween Francois Mitterrand and Didier Ratsiraka; several months later, Guy
Penne, the French president's African and Malagasy affairs advisor, was
sent to Antananarivo, bearing the "backing and support of France (that was
early this year, at the time when a series of tropical storms had ravaged a
good part of the country--"When misfortune hits, you find out who your real
friends are," we wrote at the time!); finally, quite recently, Jean-Pierre
Cot, the French minister of cooperation and development, made an official
three-and-one-half day visit to the RDM [Democratic Republic of Madagascar].

Many things have been said (and written!) about this "political" visit. If
we think it opportune to come back to it again today, it is solely with the
aim of highlighting the main points to come out of the mass of statements
that have been made, here and there, one after the other, in recent days.

By both sides. In short, we want to make an assessment of Jean-Pierre Cot's
visit.

Statements of Intent

One could not hope for a more positive report. Because a "political" visit
of this importance does not necessarily translate into concrete actions or
figures. The statements of intent and principle are enough. Here, as Jean-
Pierre Cot himself said: "There is no international credibility unless
committments are honored." Neither President Didier Ratsiraka nor his
guest, Minister Jean-Pierre Cot, were ungenerous in this regard.

As the head of state said to him at their meeting last Friday, "I am especial-
ly pleased to note that we endorse most of your statements. You have said
that you wanted to decolonialize cooperation, and I cannot disagree with
that."

10



JPRS 82172

4 November 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2715

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE



‘by ‘black newspapers itt?
their role of informing
people. giving them the
news.

ACTIONS *
Debate on issues of?
the day can hardly be.
acceptable if the total
thinking cannot: be re-
flected. There are far
too many ‘restrictive
laws. that make this: al-"
most impossible. Most
of those who disagree
with the Government
have found themselves
banned, detained or
forced into silence. So
how do newspapers then;
Know that they reflect?
total thinking if the one
view is suppressed?
..Black newspapers
have'in recent years
borne the full brunt of
Government suppres-
sion, The actions have
been based on such
‘vague reasons that it is
almost impossible to run‘
a-black newspaper with- ;
out: getting a° combina=*
tion of ulcers, high?
blood-pressure, and -a
cardiac to boot. ~
© “Caught in the middie
as it were. black news!
will’ continue in
the spirit of the sounding:
fathers. ‘They face dai
gers which were not un
heard of then '— only
the dangers were better
cloaked during theix
days,

cso: 3400/133

31


out an overall strategy which, in fact, bore fruit. I think one might even
say that these diverse currents resulted in cross-fertilization.

[Question] How do you envision future relations between the party and the
government?

[Answer] One must not forget that the government ministers are party comrades,
who with unique civic spirit agreed to accept ministerial responsibilities.

In my view, relations between the party and the government will always remain
excellent, to the extent that the government puts into practice the proposals
contained in the governmental program. There might be a divergence, but not
necessarily a confrontation. I am thinking here of the question of the pace
of implementation of the essential features of our program. But there can be
no doubt that the party will maintain its independence of the government.

[Question] How do you envision Mauritian society evolving toward socialism?

[Answer] The election of 11 June and the massive victory of the alliance of
the left provide a clear indication that the people of Mauritius want to take
the path of socialism. The evidence was indisputable. But we must advance
carefully, because, on the one hand, we do not under-estimate the capacity of
the Rightist forces to fight back, and on the other hand because of the very
predominant role played by the private sector in our economy.

[Question] Could we ask what kind of secretary general you will be?

[Answer] The previous secretary general, Comrade Paul Berenger, put an in-
delible stamp on the Mauritian political scene. I know that people and the
party will be tempted to compare me to Comrade Berenger. I ask them not to
fall into that error. Both the past and the present secretary general have
their own unique qualities; but certainly I will do my best to keep the party
active on the Mauritian political scene.

I would also add that I conceive my role in terms of teamwork with the politi-
cal bureau, the central committee and the thousands of militants who support
the party.

[Question] To conclude, how would you assess the performance of the government
during the last two months?

[Answer] I see a unanimous responsiveness from the population: we said from
the start that if the party had come to power in 1976, Mauritius would not be
in the impasse it was in when the last government stepped down.

The government has done an enormous amount of work in only 2 months. I am con-
vinced that the government is driven by an ardent desire to fight for the
advancement of the disadvantaged classes of Mauritian society, and that things
can only get better.

9516
cso: 4719/1394

19



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBILICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.


organisations have been invited to submit memoranda as soon as possible, but not
later than January 14 next year, to The Secretary, President's Council, Box 3601,
Cape Town, 8000. Telephone enquiries can also be made to Mr I Olivier at (012)
21-4950. Sapa [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 4]

SADF REPRIMAND--Kimberley--A Kimberley man who complained about the Defence Force's
failure to provide him with documents in English, has received a letter of repri-
mand from the commanding officer of his unit. The man who requested documents

in English, was told they were not available because the documentation was a com-
puter print-out and the unit concerned did not have money for an English print-
out as well as Afrikaans. A spokesman for the Minister of Defence's Office,

who was asked what the man was supposed to do if he did not understand Afrikaans,
replied earlier this week, "He is a South African citizen, isn't he." The man has
now received a letter in which the officer commanding the unit writes: 1. Your
inquiry to this HQ refers as well as the publicity given to our reply in the Dia-
mond Fields Advertiser. 2. The forms sent to you were printed out by the com-
puter used at SAMS HQ and are used to update and correct personal records of mem-
bers of the medical services. 3. As you probably know, a computer usually speaks
only one language. Therefore, an English version was not available. 4. I regard
the publicity given to this matter as extremely unfortunate and hope that this
will not happen again. A copy of my letter will be sent to the Surgeon-General
for his information." The Kimberley man commented yesterday: "I view the state-
ment as an unveiled threat which both angers and offends me. If the SADF is pro-
tecting democracy in South Africa then it is my right to protest about a grievance
which was not rectified after I had complained through official channels."--Sapa.
[Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Oct 82 p 11]

cso: 3400/133

43



SOUTH AFRICA

APARTHEID IS HERESY SAY METHODISTS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Oct 82 pp 1, 2

[Text] THE Methodist Church has declared amended theeappeal to include the

the policy of apartheid a theological
heresy and appealed to. the Dutch Re-
formed Churches to do the same.

‘The centenary congress of the Meth-
odist Church of Southern Africa in Jo-
hannesburg yesterday unanimousty

aresotution to this effect.

“Apartheid Is not simply a socio-pol-
itical policy but a sinful contradiction of
the Gospel which cannot be justified on
Biblical or theological grounds and is
therefore an ideology which the Meth-
odist congress rejects as heresy,”” the
resolution states.

“Conference appeals to the Neder-
duitse Gereformeerde Kerk, the Her-
vormde Kerk and the Gereformeerde
Kerk in Christian Love likewise to re~
ject am Ideology which Is continuing to
‘cause untold suffering to the majority
of South Africans and to bring discredit
to the Church of God.””

The Methodist conference’s resol-
ution was proposed by Dr Donald
Cragg, Methodist principal tutor and
warden at Rhodes University.

“Heresy can be defined as exaggera-
tion of one aspect of the truth to such an
extent that it distorts the whole truth,’””
besaid.

‘The variety of different cultures in
South Africa was held together in the
love of Christ and when the fact of their
differences was made the foundation of
the society’s laws the whole truth was
being distorted.

“Apartheid is a rotten tree from
which we are gathering rotten fruit,””
Dr Cragg said.

The original resolution mentioned an

appeal only to the NGK but delegates

other two Dutch Reformed Churches,
Efforts by some delegates to include
in the resolution reference to the Meth-
odist Church’s guilt and its own racist
practices were rejected, after it was

pointed out that the Methodist Church
hhad never supported apartheid theo~

‘The Rev Peter Storey, president of
the SACC, said: “There is no question
that apartheid stinks in the nostrils of

be a Christian when it fs said that South
Africa isa Christian society.”
. Mr Storey said the Dutch Reformed
Churches still thought they represented
the majority ef Christian opinion in
South Africa snd it was difficult for
them to come to terms with reality.
“We mmst help them escape from
their imprisonment in the service of

government and state,” he said.

‘The original SACC resolution on
heresy said there could be no dialogue’
with those who justified apartheid. on
mioral and theological grounds and #
Methodist delegate proposed that this
condition be included.

‘The Methodist resolution yesterday
said apartheid was a negation of:

‘© “The dignity with which God has
endowed man in creating him in his

@.“The work of Jesus Christ
through his coming into the world to
Ye, die and rise for mankind, thus
freeing it from bondage for fullness of

@ The reconciliation effected by

Christ between man and Ged and man
and man.’ — Sapa.

27



'No Perfect Solution to an Imperfect SA'

STELLENBOSCH. —
Orderly reform had tol
‘come through existing
institutions and therefore
the people responsible for
thosé institutions had to
be convinced of the mer-
its and success of the re-
form process, Mr Chris
Heunis, Minister of Con-
stitutional Affairs and
Planning, said yesterday. ~

“Unless we can con-
vince the White electo-
Tate, we will fever bring
about reform,” he told
Stellenbosch students at-
tending a public meeting
in support of the National
Party candidates in the
coming by-election.

Mr Heunis said at-
tempts at reform would
fail unless proposals could
be given a realistic and at-
tainable structure.
~. The -government’s.

‘viewpoint ‘was that mu- :
‘tual acceptability amongst :

all South Africans had to .
be heightened for reform

constitutional change, not
the reverse.”

It. was: not possible. to
offer simplistic and naive~
solutions which did notTM
relate-to the complexity
of the South African com=
munity, he said.

“Variety is the greatest
single factor in our reform

CsO: 3400/133

process — to create social
room for population.
groups and communi-
ties,” he added.

It was interesting to
note who were advising
Coloureds and Asians not

to participate in the Gov-'

ernment’s reform propo-
sals.

‘The Progressive Feder-
al Party, should it be se-
tious in its advice to
coloureds and Asians to
abstain, should them-
selves withdraw from any
future participation in the
new constitutional dis-
pensation.

-“If they participate
then I question their right
to advise others not to do
so,” Mr Heunis said.

Certain leaders of
Black states had done the
same~ and. had warned
Coloureds “and Asians
against” thé possible con-
sequerices of their partici-
pation.

“What right have they
when their own political
position and leadership is
a result of the Nationalist
brain?”

There ‘was no perfect
solution to the imperfect
Situation: that was South
Africa, he said.

“if transition “is: to’ be
orderly, the existing insti-
tutions must ensure it and
the people who have put
them there must be con-
vinced of the merits and
of the results of the re-
form process. SS, Vas der Se
Building, Burg Street, Cape Town).

36



collaboration with Seychelles' IDC [Island Development Corporation] to develop
the Anticosti Islands.

The minister said the government is planning to replace the "MV Mauritius,"
contacts on this have already been made, and talks will continue during his
upcoming trip to London.

He also announced that the contract between the government and the company
operating the casinos on Mauritius will expire in 1983. The government plans
to review the whole dossier in order to be sure that as much as possible of
the profits of the casinos stay in the country.

The government also plans to go forward with establishing a "Cargo Handling
Corporation," and a committee is presently working on that question.

The minister concluded by providing the details of his upcoming mission to
London, Toronto, Washington, New York, Canada, Paris, Algiers and Tripoli.

He will leave Plaisance Monday afternoon, accompanied by Mr Ruhee and two high
officials in his ministry. In Algiers and Tripoli he will hold general talks
with Mrs Gandhi, at the beginning of the week, and with Mr Cot on Sunday and
Monday.

The matters to be discussed include problems with our balance of payments,
preferential prices for the purchase of oil products, a new plane for Air
Mauritius, protection of our economic zone, the financing of repairs to be
carried out at Plaisance airport.

Mr Berenger also said he hopes as soon as he returns to work on the question
of commercial and economic relations between Mauritius and South Africa.

"We hope to reduce our commercial dependence on that country as much as

possible." He also said that the government plans to make a detailed study
of economic and trade relations between Mauritius and Reunion.

9516
cso: 4719/1393

22



CONGO

MINISTER OF TRADE DISCUSSES PRICE INCREASES
Brazzaville ETUMBA in French No 662, 18 Sep 82 pp 1,7

{Interview with Minister of Commerce Joseph Elenga Ngaporo by the CONGOLESE
INFORMATION AGENCY on 13 September 1982; place not given]

[Excerpts] On Monday, 13 September last, Minister of Commerce Elenga Ngaporo
granted the CONGOLESE INFORMATION AGENCY an interview. It dealt with the
price spiral in Brazzaville, but the minister also discussed the achievements
of his department 9 months after the launching of the five-year plan and the
Pointe-Noire Fair, which was just held this past August.

When asked about the rise in the prices of certain products, the minister of
commerce said that these increases were determined by the government, whether
for beer or beverages as a whole, the ATC or Hydro-Congo. Where beer and
mineral waters are concerned, he said, the economic operators provided us
with documentation more than a year ago, and the government adopted the
decision to freeze these prices. It was only able to authorize them this
year, beginning on 1 September.

Pursuing the subject, Comrade Elenga Ngaporo noted that there may be people
who, because of the increase in the prices of transportation and fuel, are
attempting to recover them immediately on other products, without prior
notification of the government. It is they we are combatting, he added.

Taking up the problem of the disparity in prices for a given type of goods
between one shop and another, Comrade Elenga Ngaporo said that whenever such
a situation has been found, those responsible have been severely penalized.

Where the standardization of Hydro-Congo prices is concerned, the minister
said that this is a government decision. "It is the government which decided
that Hydro-Congo would sell its oil at the same price throughout the country.
And the government has made this decision for many other products, among them
rice and sugar, which are sold at the same price throughout the country by
the OFNACOM [National Marketing Office]. We are in the process of studying
the situation where cement is concerned. The same is the case for electric-
ity, for which the same rates are charged throughout the length and breadth
of the national territory," he stated.



French exports to Tanzania between 1979 and 1982 stood at 855m/- (about 570 mil-
lion French francs), while Tanzania exports to France between 1980 and the first
six months of 1982 were valued at 304.5m/- (about 203 million French francs).
Among the major French exports to Tanzania in the period were food, pharmaceu-
tical products, capital equipment and cars. Tanzania's exports to France included

coffee, sisal, sugar and spices. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 15 Oct
82 p 1)

CSO: 3400/34

58


FUND TO ASSIST PALESTINIAN PEOPLE LAUNCHED

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 13 Oct 82 p 1

{Article by Isaac Mruma]

[Excerpt]

A fund for assisting the struggle
of the people of Palestine was
launched here yesterday.

Party Central Committee
Member Nicodemus Banduka
said at a youth rally organised to
express solidarity with the
people of Palestine that
contributions should be
submitted to Umoja Wa Vijana
(Youth) offices throughout the
country.

Just like Tanzanians used to
contribute towards the liberation
struggle in southern African
countries now independent and
towards the struggle in South
Africa, Palestinians should be
assisted through contributions,
he said.

The contributions _ start
immediately, Ndugu Banduka
said, adding that people should
contribute anything worthwhile
from cash to clothing. The
contributions collected by the
Youth offices. would _ be
submitted to those concerned.

Addressing the rally at the
Umoja Wa Vijana grounds here,
Ndugu Ali Halimeh_of the
Palestine Liberation Organisa-
tion (PLO) declared that. the
Palestinian revolution would
never die. “The Palestinian
people will continue the struggle
until a final solution to their
problem has been achieved.”

Ndugu Halimeh who arrived
here yesterday told hundreds of
placard-waving youths that the

CSO: 3400/34

tactical withdrawal -of PLO
fighters from Lebanon would not
affect the Palestinians’ struggle.
“Lebanon was-only a bridge to
cross to our land, Palestine,” he
said. ‘

Palestinians, he said, would
never forgive the atrocities of
Israeli _terrorists,. including last
month’s massacre of innocent
victims af Sabra and Shatila
refugee camps in Beirut.

The Chairman of the
Tanzania-Palestine — Solidari
Committee, Dr. Haroul
Othman, called on Tanzanians
to morally and materially
support the struggle of the
Palestinian people.

He said there would be no

peace in the Middle East until
the people in the area were
assured of freedom to chart their.
own destiny.

Dr. Otkman_ explained that
imperialism had its hand in all
the major hot bets of struy in
Africa, the Middle East, Latin
America and that the struggling
People in South ica,

jamibia, Western Sahara, El
Salvador and Palestine had the
same enemy — imperialism.

44

TANZANIA


English Standards Must Be Raised

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 12 Oct 82 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text] fLANGUAGES are often
taken for granted by.
those who use them in
their daily life. We of-
ten tend to forget that
language is a systematic
means of com-
municating ideas —
written or spoken —

with understood
meanings. ot
Proper language usage

must find expression in
the speaking an

+ writing quality on the
part of those who have
to work with words —
pupils or students in
education institutions,
writers for newspapers
or. official documents
and the like

Since we live in-a world of
different languages and
different cultures, some
means of international
communication has had
to be found. That is why
we speak of local
dialects, national and
international languages.

By accident of history, not

necessarily under
palatable cir-
cumstances, some
languages have

sumed a dominant

place in the in-

ternational community.

These include English,
French, Spanish,
Russian, Arabic, Por
tuguese and the: like,
spoken well beyond
their original homes
and have been com-
monly accepted as
media of instruction,
commerce and
diplomacy.

CSO: 3400/34

In the case of. Tanzania,

English is only second
to Kiswahili in im-
portance and the two
languages are used in-
terchangeably in con-
ducting national affairs
as well as in dealing
with other countries.

Since independence, a lot

of work has gone into
perfecting Kiswahili —
our national language —
which is daily growing

into one of the most im-;
African

ortant
janguages.

However, of late there has

been increasing concern
that perhaps Kiswahili
is advancing to the vir-
tual neglect of English
as yet another im-
portant medium of com-
munication in our in-
stitutions of higher lear-
ning and other business.

When National Education

Minister Tabitha Siwale
la week reminded
heads of secondary
schools at a meeting in
Iringa to ensure that
instructions in all sub-
jects, excepting
Kiswahili, are given in
English, she was echoeing
this concern.

This ie a timely reminder,

considering that the
language — though dee-
ly rooted in colonial
story — will for quite
some time continue to
play a central role in
our education system.

For sure, Kiswahili has ef-

fectively taken its place
in our society as a

46

Stil, it

national language. But
it is yet to effectively
replace English as a
teaching language at
secondary and _ in-
stitutions of higher lear
ning levels.

not enough to
blindly lament that the
staadard English in
our schools has
declined without going
to the root of the matter.

We leave this question to

the curriculum
developers who must
seriously address them-
selves to the entire issue
and prescribe effective
measures to uplift the
“falling” standard of
English.

This also means making

available all the
necessary supporting
materials — relevant
books either written by
Tanzanians or brought
in from countries which
use English in-
ternationally.



GHANA

BRIEFS

DECENTRALIZATION PLANS--A member of the Provisional National Defence Council
[PNDC], Wo Adjei Buadi, has attributed the present division and disunity in
the country to partisan politics, and reemphasized that unless the people come
together, there can be no improvement in the country. The PNDC member was
addressing a rally at Akwedie in Ashanti organized for People's Defence
Committees [PDC] from 78 towns and villages to explain to them the aims and
objectives of the revolution. He called on the workers’ defense committees
and the PDC's to check what he called the naked robbery by government officials.
The regional secretary, Mr Kwame Kessie, announced that the government would
create more district councils in line with its policy of decentralization.

He said between 20 and 30 more councils may be created should the need arise.
[Text] [AB191952 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 19 Oct 82]

GDR DRUGS DONATION--The GDR has donated drugs and food items worth 300,000
cedis to Ghana. The gift was presented to the secretary for health, Dr Charles
Bweduat Tema today by the GDR ambassador, Mr Herbert Denzler. The drugs
include antibiotics, parasitanmine syrups and capsules, There are also 38

big cases of food items purposely for patients. [AB151549 Accra Domestic
Service in English 1300 GMT 15 Oct 82]

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