farmer must pay the state--and pay a high price--for the very products that he
had been obliged to "offer." This did not occur before independence, of
course. The system has yielded negative results: the farmers now are growing
only what is indispensable for their own consumption. The country's agricul-
ture is now merely a subsistence agriculture. Why should anyone grow more than
that--merely so that the state can profit from this effort without giving any-
thing in return? For this reason many growers are sending the:coffee they grow
to the Republic of Zaire. Everyone is asking: What have we gained to date
from independence? Oppression, fratricidal wars, hunger and disaster.

Ruestion/ We've already spoken of the control that the MPLA exercises over
the urban centers. Imagine a circle 20 or 30 kilometers in diameter around
each city. Beyond that circle the MPLA loses its "influence." How does it
retain its influence in the cities?

[iuswer/ A short time ago I spoke of the promotion of individuals directly to
the position of department head. One must also rely on the ideological recruit-
ment conducted by the party: one starts out as a “gympathizer," then becomes a
"candidate," and when the brainwashing is complete attains the "post" of
‘member." It is a "ladder" that is rigorously watched over. By the time the
individual reaches the final step, he has become a fanatic. They understand
the technique.... It is used even here, in Europe.

Ruestion/ Although many more topics were addressed, transcribing them would
make this article tiresome reading. But who are the real enemies of Angola?

[Bnswer/ Not the Portuguese, of course. They directed the development that
the country has experienced, and they are forever linked to Angola by bonds of
history, blood and companionship. The "disagreeable" agreement of Alvor
opened the gates to invaders who had nothing in common with us. They are
exploiting our land, coercing the consciences of our people, and reviving a
form of slavery that our ancestors had already forgotten long ago. Angola
became a pier of the "bridge" that Soviet expansionism succeeded in installing
in Africa to attempt an assault on the last bastions of freedom. For this
reason, even here in Lisbon the communists and their "robots" pursue us,
denounce us, and keep us under surveillance. Identical instryctions are
always given to the party members, each of whom is a "pide" /meaning unknown/
of a different stripe. They will ultimately be defeated, however.

10992
csO: 3442/50

14



[Answer] In reply to your question, I will limit my comments to our bilateral
intergovernmental cooperation.

Under such cooperation, there are two headings: financial cooperation and tech-
nical assistance.

Financial cooperation is carried out through projects for which the German
government provides credits. These credits are given on particularly favorable
terms; I spoke of them a few minutes ago.

Technical assistance generally consists of lending services and providing mater-
ials for certain well-defined projects.

During recent years, Ivory Coast-German financial cooperation has been concentra-
ted on the provision of drinking water, rural electrification and management of
herds, all this in the north of the Ivory Coast, as well as in infrastructure
projects such as the ports of Abidjan and San Pedro and the Abidjan-Niger Rail-
way Administration [RAN]. With respect to RAN, the purchase of switching en-
gines and partial doubling of the railway system were financed. Finally, my
government has concerned itself with the promotion of small and medium-size
enterprises by providing lines of credit to the Ivorian Bank for Industrial
Development [BIDI] and the National Agricultural Development Bank [BNDA].

Our technical assistance is directed toward the agricultural sector, particu-
larly the area of animal production. Godd-examples of such cooperation are the
animal pathology and ecology laboratories, as well as the Korhogo anti-tsetse
fly project. Nor should we overlook the Center for Industrial Use of Livestock
at Ferkessedougou, the central laboratory for animal nutrition or the technical
counseling project at the Ministry of Animal Production in Abidjan. To these
should be added the experts in the field of professional education, promotion
of industrial cooperation and football.

[24 Nov 83 p 19]

[Question] What is Germany's position with regard to the problem of agricultur-
al raw materials, especially coffee and cacao, which do not seem to be in great
demand in your market?

[Answer] Fortunately, I am in a position to tell you that the impression con-
veyed by your question is not altogether correct. On the contrary, cacao and
coffee are agricultural raw materials greatly appreciated by us Germans. And
the Ivory Coast benefits greatly by our appreciation.

To give you an example, I will cite certain rather impressive figures. In
1982, the Federal Republic of Germany imported about 195,000 tons of cacao
beans, 66,000 tons of which (more than a third!) came from the Ivory Coast.
My country is the largest consumer of cacao in Europe and one of the Ivory
Coast's most important customers. Because of different statistical systems,
my country's position as a large buyer of Ivory Coast cacao is unfortunately

not reflected in your statistics. Your customs authorities set forth their

35



GUINEA

TOURE CHAIRS JOINT PARTY-GOVERNMENT MEETING
AB302140 Conakry Domestic Service in French 1945 GMT 30 Dec 83

[Excerpt] The Central Committee and the government held a joint session this
day, 30 December 1983, as of 1100 in the Council of Ministers’ Hall under the
chairmanship of Supreme leader of the revolution, Comrade Ahmed Sekou Toure,
president of the republic and head of state. It had the following agenda:
examination of the situation resulting from the earthquake with the National
Solidarity Committee; and the creation of a committee for the promotion of
agro-industry.

At the beginning of the session the head of state called on Comrade Abdoulaye
Gao Balde, member of the National Political Bureau and liaison officer of the
National Committee of Solidarity With the Victims of the Gaoual Earthquake.
Comrade Gao Balde gave a general report on the situation since the appeal
launched by the supreme leader of the revolution following the statements com-
ing in from the disaster. areas in the Gaoual area after the earthquake on

22 December 1983. He gave the list of the numerous donors and details on the
aid received from friendly countries, international organizations, charity
organizations, political and religious figures, and so on. The Council expres-
sed deep appreciation for this mark of national and international humane soli-
darity and thanked the generous donors whose number increases daily.

CsO: 3419/278

31



productive in planting eucalyptus or other fast growing indigenous species.
“We began to get greater output in all the project's reforestation program
once basic social conditions and greater mechanical support are obtained.
This was the decisive factor in production for us," said Director Inacio
Abreu.

Current Situation

It is expected that a total of 500 acres will be planted with eucalyptus,
chanfuta, pangapanga and missanga trees (the latter three in small areas)
this year through the FO4 project. The area involved is split in two equal
parts in the Inhamizua and "Milha oito" production units.

According to the information given us by ‘the project director, all the units
are showing truly positive progress in their work. This creates certain op-
timism that this plan, which is already a reality in some areas, will be com-

pleted ahead of schedule.

The Inhamizua production unit's 250 hectare goal has been practically achieved.
All that remains to be done is to stake out and dig the holes. Meanwhile, it
will be possible to increase the planting by an additional 250 hectares in the
same area, which are already being staked out. The "Milha oito" production
unit has also prepared 75 hectares more than was called for in the plan.

These are now awaiting the seedlings.

Planting is scheduled to begin in January, February and March. According to
statements made by the head of the project's technical department, Braz

Junior, the goal is for the nursery to produce 1.2 million eucalyptus seedlings.
"This amount will be sufficient for the land that is already prepared. We are
definitely going to achieve it."

The region where the nurseries are located will not be affected by the lack of
water certain areas close by are experiencing because of a small lake less than
300 meters away where water is pumped to irrigate them with a sprinkler system.

According to what our reporters learned on the scene, in addition to the
enormous eucalyptus nurseries being cultivated by women, there are some special
plots, parts of which have experimental trees for this area. These trees: are:
the Australian pine, the acacia, the tamarind, the leucainas and other native
plants that, at least in the nurseries, are showing good results and prospects
of adapting.

Drought May Damage

"Although the outlook and the work done (preparing the land, the nurseries) are
all showing promise that this will be a successful campaign, these hopes can
fade if there is no rain at the scheduled planting time," the director of the
enterprise and the respective production unit technicians admitted when ap~
proached by our reporters.

40



ANGOLA

OPPOSITION DISCUSSES DETERIORATING DOMESTIC CONDITIONS

Lisbon 0 DIABO in Portuguese 1 Nov 83 pp 8-9

[interview with three MPLA spokesmen in Lisbon by "M. M.": "Muzzled Angolan
Opposition Says: ‘Avoidance of Bloodbath Is Goal of Three Opposition Groups'"

Fhext7 An anti-MPLA agreement is imminent.

The situation in Angola is one of hunger, repression and
brainwashing.

What would have been disclosed at a "press conference" that
was banned.

What the Angolan people lost along with the "independence"
of Alvor.

The persecutions of the Church.

In politice--as in all of life--definition of the "friend-enemy" binomial is an
essential condition of victory. We read this somewhere recently. A few days
ago we also heard a minister of the "central bloc" declare that "we have as
direct enemies the countries that comprise the Warsaw Pact, who have the Soviet
Union as their 'file leader.’" However, some members of the Angolan opposition
who are fighting the Marxist government of Luanda were prevented last week--by
the very government of which the minister is a member--from talking to Portu-
guese journalists in a Lisbon hotel. This occurred at the same moment the PC
(Communist Party/ was organizing its "peace marches" in the public square-~
marches that serve only Moscow inasmuch as they protest against the U.S. mis-
siles (not yet installed) but overlook those of the USSR which in recent weeks
have been installed at a frantic pace in East Germany and Czechoslovakia, for

example.

Portugal accordingly appears to be reverting to the days--so violently criti-
cized--when the political police muzzled the opposition and when the government

wanted only its own case to be presented. ’

Spokesmen for the CNA ingolan National Convergence/: » FLEC, FNLA and movements
that were once our implacable enemies (such as UNITA, which is today playing an
outstanding role in the strategic context of a war that is devastating Angola)
were present here in Lisbon. It seems only right to allow them to express
their opinions, precisely because among other things the tragedy that divided

8


ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

NORWAY SIGNS ROAD AGREEMENT-~Zambia and Norway today signed an agreement under
which the Norwegian Government will grant Zambia 5 miilion kwacha for the
construction of the Livingstone+Zimba-. road, and acting permanent secretary
for the national commission for development planning Dr (F.N. Kaunda) had
highly commended the Norwegians for their aid not only to Zambia, but to
other members of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference.

Dr (Kaunda) said, after signing for Zambia, that the Livingstone-Zimba road
is part of the Trans-African Highway, which appears as one of the projects of
the United Nations Transport Decade for Africa. [Text] [MB211016 Lusaka
Domestic Service inEnglish 1800 GMT 20 Dec 83]

MALAWIAN MATZE ARRIVES--Ten thousand out of 28,000 tons of maize imported
from Malawi has been successfully hauled to Lusaka during the past 2 weeks.
The remaining 18,000 tons is expected to be transported within the next 3
or 4 weeks. According to the Truckers Association of Zambia vice chairman,
(Charles Madonda), the operation is going on smoothly. [Excerpt] [MB211016
Lusaka Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 21 Dec 83]

csoO: 3400/447

68



SOUTH AFRICA

UDF SEES NO VALUE IN PARTY, COPE MEETINGS
MB291150 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 29 Dec 83 p 2

{Excerpt] The United Democratic Front (UDF) believes that nothing worthwhile
can emerge from the forthcoming congresses of the coloured Labor Party and
Congress of the People (Copé).

Mr Terror Lekhota, the UDF's publicity secretary, said in a statement yester-
day that Cope "represented nobody" while the confidence of the Labour Party
had been "drained by the successes of the UDF".

The Labour Party and Cope congresses will decide whether or not to request
the Government to hold a referndum to test the coloured community's support
for the new constitution.

Cope's congress is being held in Cape Town this week, while Labour's congress
takes place in Port Elizabeth next week.

Mr Lekhota said Cope had never been publicly launched nor had it ever conducted
a public campaign of any kind.

As it represented nobody, it was difficult to figure out "who it could claim
to represent," he said.

"Because it represents nobody, the UCF is confident whatever decision is taken
or arrived at, our people will continue to reject the new constitution, as they

have amply shown with their full support for the UCF campaigns of the last few
months."

cso: 3400/462

50



SIERRA LEONE

DAILY COMMENTS ON JAPAN 'EXPLOITING' AFRICAN COUNTRIES
AB241300 Paris AFP in English 0739 GMT 24 Dec 83

[Text] Freetown, Sierra Leone, 24 Dec (AFP)--The Sierra Leone Government took
delivery Friday of four Japanese fishing boats as the local press lashed Japan
for stinginess and for "exploiting the economies of many African countries by
lopsided trade."

The newspaper WEEKEND SPARK said Japan had "penetrated and dislodged many
European and American markets and products in the Third World but given very
little in return to help poor countries."

It asked: "Why continue to approve massive imports of Japanese products when
we are not getting any help or special considerations from the Japanese? The
quickstand drainage of our meagre foreign exchange on Japanese goods alone is
enough to produce fresh thinking.

“Why can't the Japanese help us with their great technological knowledge in
establishing industries here and in industrial agriculture?" the paper asked.

At a ceremony to accept the fishing boats, Sierra Leonean President Siaka
Stevens said they were "another testimony to the cordial and fruitful relations"
between Sierra Leone and Japan.

cso: 3400/461

48



The chief implication for international politics concerns the potential for
strangling Western economies. The United States would be in crisis if Moscow
were to gain control over South Africa's minerals, says Mr James Santini,
former chairman of the Congressional House Committee on mining.

The vagaries of history have provided South Africa and the Soviet Union
between them with over 90 percent of the world's strategic minerals. That

fact alone has been sufficient to turn the entire subcontinent into a strategi-
cally vital battleground for Soviet revolutionary activity. The resources’ war
is on. Yet spying is a relatively minor dimension of it. Winning will require
of South Africa and the West a willingness to face up to all its facets and a
sustained counteroffensive.

cso: 3400/462

54



which the campaign in favor of the new constitution was conducted also
influenced the voters.

Mr Pakkie Maree, the MP for Parsy who last year was entangled in a tough
interim election, said that people in his constituency who voted "no" did
so out of lack of information and misrepresentation. There were no problems
in those instances where voters were informed.

Farmers

In some localities such as Vredefort, Bothaville and Vilgoenskroon there
could have been a rather large number of "no" votes, but in places such
as Parys itself and Wasselsbron the "yes" was far in the majority.

People who voted negatively also consisted of those farmers who were having
trouble with farming problems and also of those voters who were discontent
with their living conditions--things that have nothong to do with the new
constitution.

Digested

Mr Maree said that the shock of the split in Nationalist Party ranks has now :
been digested and if Dr At van Wyk were to come up again as his KP opponent
as he did in the 1982 Parys interim.elections then "I will beat him."

Mr Flip Olivier, the MP for Fauresmith, said that if there is going to be
an election then the Nationalist Party in Fauresmith would come out a °
bigger winner than it was in the!1980 interim elections.

Better

The greatest plus factor in favor of the "yes" vote was information. The
better people were infromed the easier it was for them to decide in favor of
the "yes" vote. The "yes" motivation was also good and the people's
enthusiasm was better than at the time of any previous eléction in which
they were involved.

Although 74 percent of the constituencies are still in the painful grip of
drought and the farmers are going through hard times, there have been no
signs of a large grievance vote.

The biggest reason that people had for voting "no" was the fear that the new
order of things would not work and that the blacks would then have tocbe
allowed to be brought in. If the new order does succeed then the belief

is that more people will rejoin the Nationalist Party.

7964
cso: 3401/28

58



miserable condition and that "the period between harvests will thus
be very hard." The severity of the situation requires greater action
on the part of the international community to help the people and the
livestock. Because it shares the same concerns as the Senegalese
people, the international community, predicted Bator Diop, will not
disappoint our hopes.

Lack of Rain

Reading the report of the evaluation mission, S Linner first affirmed
that he was impressed by the frankness and courage of the rural
populations, who, despite the difficulties, “have faith in the future."
He then pointed out that the conclusions of the commission were still
partial, that the work is soon to be finalized and that it will
constitute the official request that the government will address to
the international community. The head of the mission said that this
year's final ploughing before winter was everywhere characterized by
a shortage of rain. With grain production estimated at 515,000 tons
and food needs at 1,242,000 tons, Linner pointed out that, despite
the efforts undertaken by the government, there will be sizeable
grain deficit. It will be approximately 277,000 tons.

The dramatic situation of the livestock was also gone over with a
fine-tooth comb. The report shows that in the areas affected by the
trouble, 20 percent of the livestock has died. The livestock
difficulties have been aggravated by the transhumance of the livestock
of neighboring countries. Along with the safeguard measures taken by
the government, the mission feels that outside aid, starting next
January, is indispensable. The mission did not stop at depicting

the dramatic daily situation of the rural populations. It went
farther, compiling a catalogue of recommendations.

With regard to food aid, the mission estimates that emergency aid of
at least 150,000 tons must be envisaged for the hardest-hit areas
(River, Louga, and Diourbel). The constitution of a security food
stock of 60,000 tons for a quarter was also recommended, as well as
the distribution of large quantities of powdered milk, the cost of
which is estimated at 4 million dollars. It will also be necessary
to put at the disposal of the affected producers 20,000 tons of
powdered milk and 5,000 tons of butter oil. The mission also
recommended the rehabilitation of agriculture in the areas affected
by the cyclic phenamenon. It will be necessary to give the producers
the elements required for the next harvest.

As regards the safeguarding of the livestock, the mission feels that

the many problems existing in this sector have not been resolved in

the framework of the Livestock Safeguard Operation (LS0). It is
therefore necessary to provide 68,000 tons of concentrated food and
400,000 doses of anti-parasite medicine. Reinforcement of ways and

means for the Animal Health and Production Department is also recommended.

46



As a result of this state of affairs, reactivation of the plant--which should
have been accomplished quite a while ago and gradually, without major harm to
the consuming public and enterprises--could be initiated only pursuant to
orientation from above based on the campaign that was carried out, a circum-
stance that led inevitably to paralyzation of the plant for a period of approx-
imately 4 months. The same problem arose in connection with the new pier, the
construction of which also should by now have been completed.

No Cement Exported by Angola Since 1980

Because of certain less accurate interpretations that have surrounded the
problem (as for example some insinuations intended to leave the impression that
most of the cement is exported, and that this is in fact the reason it is not
available on the domestic market), the director general of CIMANGOLA confirmed
that Angola ceased to export cement in 1980.

In this connection he also stated that the reason many people have this impres-
sion is the fact that some cargoes of bulk cement destined for certain national
provinces that have ports are made by ship. No sacks of cement, however, are
currently leaving the country, and this can only take place at a future time
when the plant has a fourth kiln. .

He added that CIMANGOLA currently produces approximately 600 tons of cement per
day--sufficient to meet the requirements of domestic consumption. For this
reason the Angolan people and enterprises that consume cement now have no
reason to fear a cement shortage, because everything is proceeding with maximum
efficiency toward the goal of providing the best service possible.

"We regret," he said, "the fact that certain enterprises have not fulfilled
their plans and targets--commitments previously agreed upon with the entities
that provide them with services--inasmuch as the breakdown occurred at a time
when some of them were trying to attain peak production." He added that this
interruption was necessary-~at least for his own enterprise--for otherwise the
ensuing consequences would have been more disastrous.

In the opinion of this member of the party Central Committee, some persons will
naturally now want to know whether reactivation of the plant will mean that the
plant would then operate at full capacity, to satisfy fully the requirements of
the consumers. Precisely in this connection--and taking into account certain
specific anomalies that can occur in the operation of the machinery--all meas-
ures are being taken to keep the plant operational. an

Simultaneously with the replacement of the worn-out equipment, new personnel
are also being recruited--basically among secondary-school students. There
have been some difficulties in this connection, however, because of the luke-
warm response on the part of those young people who are not strongly attracted
to this type of service. To attain the goal toward which the CIMANGOLA
management is striving, however, it is also essential to provide increased
support to this entity--which is of capital importance for the national
economy in view of the fact that its inactivity creates bottlenecks of various
kinds that have a negative impact on almost all sectors.

18



export statistics according to the port of destination. For reasons that I do
not want to go into now, most of the Ivory Coast cacao destined for West Germany
passes through the Dutch ports of Rotterdam and Amsterdam; of the 66,000 tons
imported in 1982, approximately 40,000 tons were transshipped via these two
ports. The 40,000 tons are now shown in the Ivory Coast statistics on trade
with the Federal Republic of Germany.

Insofar as coffee is concerned, my country imported 6,800 tons in 1982. _In‘:
this context, it should be noted that Germans prefer coffee made from blending
several kinds, of which arabica represents the largest part by far.

In 1980, my government adhered hesitantly to the new International Cacao Agree-
ment in Geneva. This agreement, however, could not play its regulating role,
given the fact that the largest producer of cacao in the world, the Ivory
Coast, and the largest consumer, the United States, did not adhere to the con-
vention. The German federal government hopes that the next International Cacao
Agreement will be drafted in such a way that all producing and consuming
countries can adhere to it, so that the world cacao market will be better or-
ganized than it has been so far.

12336
CSO: 3419/217

36



ZAIRE

BRIEFS

OVER 300,000 REFUGEES--Kinshasa, 28 Dec (AZAP)--The Republic Zaire, which
sheltered 301,200 refugees as of the end of 1981 according to the UN High Com-
mission for Refugees, is among those African countries which most contribute
to the solution of problems posed by displaced persons in Africa. Among
these displaced persons there were 215,000 Angolans, 60,000 Ugandans, and

26,200 persons of various nationalities. [Excerpt] [AB301725 Kinshasa AZAP
in French 1505 GMT 29 Dec 83]

CSO: © 3419/278

67



UDF Sees No Value in Party, COPEMeetings

(RAND DAILY MAIL, 29 Dec 83) ..ccccccscccccvecccoes

AZAPO Issues New Year's Message

(Chris Freimond; RAND DAILY MAIL, 29 Dec 83)......

Commentary Cites Soviet Intelligence Activities

(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 2 Jan 84).........

Labor Party Demands Equality for all Before Military
Conscription

(DIE BURGER, 17 Nov 83)..cecececcsecccvccctcececes

Factors Influencing Constitutional Referendum Examined

(DIE VOLKSBLAD, 10 Nov 83) .sscsccsscccssscceeecers

Constitution: Buthelezi Seen Turning to Extremism

(Victor Munnik; DIE VADERLAND, 11 Nov 83)....sseee

Elderly Rhodesian Emigres Encounter Problems

(Nic Oosthuizen; DIE VADERLAND, 11 Nov 83)........

Consultations on Future of Urban Blacks Begin

Briefs

TANZANIA

ZAIRE

ZAMBIA

Briefs

Briefs

Briefs

(DIE VOLKSBLAD, 7 Nov 83) ..ccoccscccccccvcccccvcce

Ciskei Releases 4 Detained Officers

Party To Participate in New Constitution
Troops To Quell Zulu Fighting

Cape Congress Calls for Colored Referendum

Norwegian Aid
PRC Factory Experts
Food Shortage in Lindi

Over 300,000 Refugees

Norway Signs Road Agreement
Malawian Maize Arrives

50

51

53

55

56

59

61

63

65
65
65

66
66
66

67

68
68


ZIMBABWE

MUGABE COMMENTS ON DROUGHT PLANS, UK FINANCING
¥MB260917 Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 26 Dec 83

[Text] The prime minister, Comrade Robert Mugabe, said a ministerial commit-
tee has been set up to work out contingency plans should there be another
drought. Speaking in the Zimbabwe television program "The Nation" last night
Comrade -Mugabe said the drought has brought havoc to the country's economy,
as well as the resettlement program, He said the government has had to di-
vert about 30 million dollars which was used to (?sustain) the peasants in
communal areas. The prime minister said most of the rural areas have been
affected by drought and the government is doing everything possible to build
homes, schools, roads and other infrastructures.

Comrade Mugabe noted that the British system of financing the resettlement
schemes has not been satisfactory. Despite this, the prime minister said a
number of agricultural cooperatives have been created throughout the country.

He said the private enterprises should function and develop the role of the
worker until such a time when socialism would take place. Comrade Mugabe
said the government would like to establish more parastatal organizations
and build worker consciousness, and the control of enterprises would be done
as well. The prime minister also said the state has not created enterprises
to produce food and is working toward this goal.

Talking about the ZANU-PF Women's League, Comrade Mugabe said they have made
a lot of progress in organizing themselves and the theme of his tour to see
the women was to ask them to consolidate the party to be thoroughly organized
and to bring outsiders and work toward a one party-state. The prime minister
said a ZANU-PF women's congress will be held soon to address themselves to
the nation's problems as they see them, and this would be followed by the
youth congress, then the national congress.

Comrade Mugabe said it is necessary to have a machinery to sustain the will

of the majority of the people and not to work in favor of those working in
favor to destabilize the country.

cso: 3400/443

70



ZIMBABWE

SUPREME COURT CONFISCATION OF PROPERTY
MB281904 Harare Domestic Service in English 1745 GMT 28 Dec 83

[Text] The Supreme Court of Zimbabwe today reversed a High Court Judgment
endorsing the minister of home affairs order confiscating the property of
(Colin Biko). The property had been seized following (Biko's) involvement _
in the illegal transportation of firearms to South Africa and flying back to
Zimbabwe South African agents.

The court ruled that (?no state of war) existed between Zimbabwe and any
country. (?No) power exists to make regulations providing for the vesting of
any property belonging to or used by or on behalf of an enemy. The court ‘had
been told that on the 28 November 1981, (Colin Biko) flew his light aircraft
from Bulawayo airport to a landing strip in South Africa near the border with
Zimbabwe and from that strip back to Zimbabwe, landing at an airstrip on his
farm.

The flight te South Africa was for the purpose of illegally taking those
(?stated) fireerms, the property of a friend, (MacFarlane). On the return
trip he brought into Zimbabwe two (?agents), one of whom had been trained ‘by
South African authorities in Namibia for the purpose of detecting ANC bases
in Zimbabwe and Namibia and was returning to Zimbabwe on leave.

On the above grounds, the minister of home affairs ordered that the property
of the accused, who now lives in South Africa, should be confiscated by the
state on the grounds that (Colin Biko) was an enemy of the state. In today's
judgment of the court refused to accept that Zimbabwe is in a state of war
with any country. Neither is there any threat of an armed conflict.

Cso0: 3400/461

69



The PLO's fight against U.S. policies in the Middle East had put some of
those countries to shame.

Their aim in trying to destroy the PLO was to maneuver themselves into a
position from which they could negotiate with the U.S. in the Middle East,
he said.

But, he said, there would be no peace or stability in the Middle East without
the PLO, which would continue to resist until the establishment of a Pales—
tinian state.

Asked whether the rumors were true that his organisation had. internal problems
because Cde ‘Arafat was about to compromise with Israel, he said: "Every
movement fights for an objective. We are fightingi:to establish a Palestin-
fan state and we are fighting for this every day and not for a compromise.

"Tt is those who are not fighting Israel and having clandestine meetings with
the Zionists who are spreading stories about a compromise.

“We are fighting for victory, but of course we will not lead our people to
commit suicide as one Arab country wanted us to do during the siege of
Beirut," he said.

He said the PLO was a responsible organisation and oriented its people accord~
ingly. It wanted to safeguard civilian lives and that was why it had agreed
to abandon Tripoli.

"We would prefer to be on the frontline with Israel, but if we are kicked
out by the door we can always come back by the window, "he said.

The policy of the PLO was to confront Israel and its infrastructure militar-
ily, "and we will not be intimidated by Zionist propaganda that we hit
civilian targets," he said.

The Soviet Union strongly supported the PLO and was dismayed by the military
attacks against it.

The arms the Soviets gave to Syria, he said, were not meant to be used against
the PLO, but to protect Syria's borders against Zionist aggression.

Cde Herfi-has already been to Senegal, Guinea, Mali, the Ivory Coast and
Nigeria and will go to Tanzania and Madagascar to complete his mission.

cso: 3400/443

72



GUINEA

POLITICAL BUREAU COMMUNIQUE ON RELIEF EFFORTS
AB281340 Conakry Domestic Service in French 0645 GMT 28 Dec 83

[Communique issued by the National Political Bureau on the extraordinary meeting
of the Council of Ministers held in Conakry on 27 December on the earthquake in
Guinea]

[Text] The National Political Bureau and members of the government on Tuesday,
27 December 1983, held an extraordinary meeting presided over by the comrade
secretary general of the Democratic Party of Guinea, supreme leader of the
revolution, President Ahmed Sekou Toure. During this working session, the
council was informed about relief operations taking place for comrades of the
region of Gaoual who have been hit by a series of earthquakes. The council
was informed about the many teams of researchers and specialists studying
various aspects of the earthquakes, their causes and their consequences. . These
teams were sent by various friendly countries and international organizations
to study in detail the earthquake which has hit us.

In order to ensure the best possible working conditions and the smooth..and
effective coordination with Guinean specialists, the council decided to imme-
diately establish a scientific committee. The head of state immediately
implemented this decision by signing a decree to that effect. This ad hoc
scientific committee for the coordination of studies and research on the earth-
quake in Guinea comprises the following comrades:

Chairman: the minister of mines and geology; members: the minister of higher
education and scientific research; the minister of agro-pastoral farms agricul-
tural cooperatives; the director general of the Central Institute. of Coordina-
tion of Research and Documentation in Guinea, the director general of planning;
the director general of geology; the director general of the Petroleum Company
of Guinea. The council also decided to send a large delegation to Gaoual on
Wednesday, 28 December 1983.

Finally, the council was informed by the latest relief assistance being sent

to the victims of Gaoual by the United Nations and individuals and: organizations:
This relief assistance is from: the Islamic Conference Organization, $300,000;
the (Boharn) family which is in charge of Guinea pilgrims during their
pilgrimage to Mecca, 7 million CFA francs; the (Chaourane) joint diamond mining
company, $250,000; the United States Embassy in Conakry, $250,000; the World

29



ANGOLA

RAILWAY BRIDGE REBUILT, IN OPERATION
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 3 Nov 83 p 3

ffext7 Reconstruction of the railway bridge over the Giraul River, Namibe
Province--which had been destroyed by a commando unit of the troops of racist
South Africa--was completed at the beginning of the current week.

Following a visit to the reconstructed bridge the ceremony got under way,
presided over by Provincial Commissioner Rafael Sapilinha. Incentive awards
were distributed to Angolan and Soviet workers who had distinguished them-
selves most notably in the reconstruction of the bridge over the Giraul River.

Minister of Construction Jorge Henriques Dias Floras spoke during the ceremony.
He cited the importance of the now-completed project, emphasizing that its
completion was made possible by the willing response of the Angolan workers
and in particular the Soviet workers. The minister underscored the high tech~
nical quality of the work done. He declared that the Angolan people were
celebrating the day as one more day of struggle and victory against the hire-
lings of international imperialism.

In his turn, Soviet Ambassador to Angola Vadim Loguinov--who also attended

the ceremony--praised the ties of friendship and solidarity that exist between
the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the MPLA-Labor Party in all sec-
tors of activity. He congratulated all those who contributed to the recon-
struction of the bridge and reaffirmed the solidarity of the people of his
country with the Angolan people.

The ceremony was closed by the Namibe Provincial Commissioner, Lt Col Rafael
Sapilinha (Sambalanga). He took the occasion to state that this bridge is
important primarily for shipment of basic necessities to the populations of
the provinces of Huila, Cunene and Kuando-Kubango and also for transport of
the ore from Cassinga and other products which the population of Namibe does
not possess locally.

15



nevertheless carries great weight in all the guidelines that are drawn, agree~
ing on the need to effectively prioritize the sector.

Struggling with its problems, the same problems that have been repeating themselves
and growing from year to year, Angola is now going through another coffee harvest
campaign, the eighth harvest since our independence. It began in June and its
conclusion is officially scheduled for 30 August.

The harvest forecasts were highly optimistic, as a result of the hard work
put into the reorgnization of the sector, particularly the state sector, which
at this time is based on the Territorial Coffee enterprises, autonomous and
self-managed production units, the alternative arrived at and set in operation
with relative success, considering the disastrous failure of the prior scheme
for the state coffee-growing sector.

The current harvest is the second test of the alternative organization arrived

at for the sector, since the Territorial Coffee enterprises actually began production
in 1982, with a crop of about 7,000 tons of commercial coffee. The figure is

not significant in terms of the historical goal, but it is quite encouraging

when we remember that, in the cultivation of coffee, the results of any intensive
effort take at least’ 4 years to appear.

For the "architects". of the Angolan coffee plan, 1983 should be the year in
which the trend observed in previous harvests is reversed a trend which, as
we know, was negative. From year to year, what we were seeing was a gradual
decline in the figures, an alarming trend which it was urgent to reverse.

Thus the goals established for 1983 are double last year's production in the
state sector, which is the major point of reference, since all the attention

and priorities are concentrated there. This is not to ignore the private peasant
production; these figures must also be considered.

The estimates for this year are being frustrated by the serious political-military
situation in Kwanza-Sul Province, which at the outset will mean a reduction
of 30 percent of the estimated totalcrop.

CAFANGOL, Consequence of Reorganization

The creation of the territorial units was the most important step in the program
to reorganize national coffee production, but the program did not stop there

In Decree 84/83, the Council of Ministers created CAFANGOL, the Angolan Enter-
prise for the Processing and Export of Coffee. The text of the decree states
that "the reorganization will be carried out through the establishment of other
forms of management of the state property, aimed at a more rational use of means
and closer supervision of the production, purchase, storage, processing and
sale of the product, ‘as well as better use of the Labor force."

After some discussion of the outlines of the enterprise, which ended in the elimination

of what remained of ENCAFE [National Coffee Company], it was concluded that
CAFANGOL would ‘be devoted only to purchasing, from warehouses on the coast,

the commercial coffee produced on national territory, its storage, processing
saéking :and,distribution to industry for domestic consumption, and to the export
of all forms of coffee.

21



ANGOLA

REACTIVATION OF CIMANGOLA CEMENT ENTERPRISE EXPLAINED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 3 Nov 83 p 3

Gress conference statement by CIMANGOLA Director_General Joao Henriques
Garcia (Cabelo Branco), reported by Orlando Bento/

[Ffext7 Cement--a raw material essential to the construction of buildings and
other types of construction--has become rather scarce on the domestic market
in the past 4 months as a result of the efforts to reactivate the installa-
tions and equipment of the National Cement Enterprise (CIMANGOLA). The prob-
lems that this shortage has caused for cement consumers, and the lack of any
precise official clarification of the situation, have provoked a certain
amount of speculation on the part of some individuals of ill will.

To this end, it is essential to reestablish the truthfulness of the facts in
the matter, and CIMANGOLA Director General Joao Henriques Garcia (Cabelo
Branco) accordingly held a meeting on the afternoon of last Tuesday with the
national media, during which he explained the basic reasons for the shortage
that has occurred.

fo clarify this situation--which is a source of concern to a large part of the
population and to various economic sectors of the nation, particularly those
for whom cement is the principal raw material for their operations--Cabelo
Branco began by saying that the CIMANGOLA management had long ago been warning
against the situation that had developed.

In the meantime, however, the measures recommended were not taken by certain
entities that are linked to the solution of the problem--and in fact were not
taken until after the campaign carried out at the plant by Comrade President
Jose Eduardo dos Santos, who determined that the situation was evolving toward
serious, even disastrous, consequences.

The Cimangola management has always been aware of the role to be played by
this enterprise in the present phase of national reconstruction, for it knows
that the rebuilding of bridges, houses and other structures destroyed by the
awindlers and puppets is possible only with the cement produced by the plant.
It is regrettable, however, that the other enterprises and agencies directly
or indirectly linked to the solution of CIMANGOLA's problems are not sensitive
to this extremely important factor.

17



Food Program, 76 tons of food products comprising 60 tons of rice, 4.5 tons of
oil, 6 tons of meat, 4.5 tons of milk, and 1.5 tons of sugar. From the Republic
of France came 1,000 tons of cereal and a helicopter for the smooth running
relief operations.

Finally, Michel Zaoul, director general. of Alco company informed the committee
of solidarity with victims of the earthquake that he will send a large quantity
of medical supplies such an antibiotics, vaccines, and dressing kits.

The council expressed the Guinean people's gratitude to all countries,
individuals and companies, and to all international organizations which in
various ways showed their sympathy and solidarity with the People's Republic of
Guinea during the disaster. Ready for Production!

[Signed] The National Political Bureau

cso: 3419/278

30


jungle, held positions of command, and today enjoy scandalous privileges.
They have the power, and they use it to pressure the politicians. These are
obviously individuals who have given a very good account of themselves in the
use of small arms but lack the training and education they need in order to
exercise positions of leadership. Some of these individuals have not gone
beyond the fourth grade and others are almost illiterate, but the events of
war transformed them into commanders. Moreover, they do not accept what is
inevitable: their restriction to their area of expertise. This is what we
shall have to do when we take power, however; we shall not be able to agree
to a continuance of their extortion--and they know it.

Persecution of the Church

Ruestion/ Other aspects of the present situation in Angola are being dis-
cussed~-aspects that the Angolan news agency naturally does not mention and +»
in which a certain segment of the Portuguese press therefore deliberately
loses interest...as for example the persecution of the Church.

[inswer/ Despite the fact that the constitution establishes the right to
freedom of opinion and religion, the churches--both Catholic and Protestant--
have been relentlessly persecuted by the MPLA. It would be surprising if it
were otherwise.... Celebrations (such as Easter) that were so beloved by the
Angolan people--the majority of whom are Christian and were educated by the
missions, whose civilizing work cannot be overlooked--have been abolished.
There is a latent religious sentiment which the Angolan people have not”
abandoned during these days of tribulation. The education that the mission-
aries gave to the people of Angola has been replaced by the Marxist ideas
that the young people are receiving in the courses they go to Cuba and Russia
to take. These youth are already disillusioned, however. They feel that
they have been "used." And they know that the Soviets and Cubans are intel-
lectualizing them ideologically but are not preparing them to achieve a niche
in life. The disenchantment is great, and the number of desertions--which
always entail great risk--is steadily increasing.

Luanda: A City Encircled

Question/ We reporters know that most of the foodstuffs consumed in Luanda
come from Lisbon. The scarcity of a great variety of basic products is
widespread in all the urban centers of Angola, and the capital itself does
not escape all sorts of restrictions; not everyone is a member of the diplo-
matic corps or a party official.... The people are going hungry, because
Luanda is no longer that great center from which tons and tons of supplies
used to flow every day from Cela and the lands to the north.

Zfaswer7 The roads are controlled by us and by UNITA. The railroad can't be
used by them either, because we give them no respite.... No one dares travel
by train. Luanda is supplied by air with primary products such as cornmeal,
beans, cassava, chickens and kid goats. Imagine what the prices and quanti-
ties are! We can affirm (and let the MPLA deny what we say, if they can!)
that we are blocking all means of land access to Luanda. The population of

12



ZIMBABWE

PLO ENVOY CITES MUGABE SUPPORT FOR 'ARAFAT
MB251220 Harare THE HERALD in English 15 Dec 83 p 17

[Text] Thé prime minister, Cde Mugabe, fully supports the Palestine Libera-
tion Organisation under the leadership of Cde Yasir ‘Arafat, the PLO's spectal
envoy, Cde Salmane el-Herfi, said in Harare yesterday.

Speaking at a press conference, Cde Herfi, who has been in Harare for several
days and left for Tanzania yesterday, said he had handed a message from

Cde ‘Arafat to Cde Mugabe and briefed him and the acting minister of foreign
affairs, Dr Nathan Shamuyarira, on the Middle East situation and the problems
facing the PLO.

"Cde- Mugabe, both a a freedom fighter and head of government, has reaffirmed
his support for the PLO and condemned interference in the PLO's intérnal
affairs."

Asked by THE HERALD about the prospects for future resistance against Israel,
Cde Herfi said that since the beginning of armed struggle against the Zionist
state, the PLO had faced and defeated many conspiracies hatched by Zionism
and the U.S. on the one hand and reactionary Arab forces on the other.

"It is going to be a tough task for us, but the PLO has shown to the world
that we can always find a way of continuing the struggle," he said.

After the organisation was evacuated from Jordan in 1970, its enemies con-
cluded that it was finished. They said the same thing following the siege
of Beirut and were saying the same thing now, "but our main battlefield is
inside Palestine and the occupied territories," he said.

The PLO was the only effective liberation movement fighting against Zionism
and American policies in the Middle East, he said. The Israeli invasion of
Lebanon could not be separated from the conspiracies against the Palestinian
people and the Arab liberation movement.

While that was not strange, what was, "is to see some progressive countries
like Syria and Libya acting like the Israelis," he said.

71



SOUTH AFRICA

FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM EXAMINED
Pretoria DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 10 Nov 83 p 19

[Text] The results of the referendum have administerd a finishing blow to
the far right elements of the Free State. Any claims by the Conservative
Party (KP) or the Reconstituted Nationalist Party (HNP) that they can win
a seat in the province is wishful thinking. This is the opinion expressed
by Free State MPs interviewed by DIE VOLKSBLAD.

What is also being said is that in the referendum the far right people were
confronted with a massive number of lies about voting.

In some areas the "no" vote side got more support than in others, but this
was mainly due to problems and grievances which had nothing to do with the
constitution, but were exploited by people on the "no" side.

Everybody is also in agreement that one of the greatest. factors which led
those who were undecided to vote "yes" was Dr Andries Treurnicht's
statements on religion.. His 10 October address boomeranged badly on the

"no" side.
Attacks

Dr Nak van der Merwe, the Free State leader of the Nationalist Party, says
that there are no indications that any of the Free State seats are going
to be lost. Opponents of the constitution came up with extensive attacks
in constituencies such as Heilbron as well as Parys where they created all
sorts of fictitious problems and even tried to rely on the problems .and
dissatisfaction among farmers, but théy gained no profit from this.

The more than 65 percent solid support in the referendum will continue to
exist to the exact same extent in a subsequent general election and, as a
result, the far right elements can only lose support, because they have
reached a plateau..

Dr Van der Merwe's statements on religion and the propaganda that the

new constitution would be unchristian had created problems in the Free
State initially; but after Dr Treurnicht said that a sector of the nation
had scorned and rejected the kingship of Jesus Christ the undecided woters
began to change their opinion.

56



Another noteworthy items: with the appearance of TIFA [expansion unknown], it has
become possible to disinfect urban and suburban areas, which should help to
eradicate the transmittors of some of the major diseases, particularly malaria.

Regarding health personnel, 16 technicians have been trained, including 8 hospital
nurses, 7 in maternity-infant care and 1 statistician, most of them through
internships.

There was significant hospital activity in various specialties, as follows:

--Admissions: 9,967

Obstetrics: 192 births

Outpatient consultation: 8,904
Analyses: 3,505

--General surgical operations; 3.505

Other sectors, such as industry (not very productive), culture, physical education
and sports, foreign trade, water and sanitation, are all facing problems related
to the country's present situation.

6362
CSO: 3442/80



an analysis of the situation in Chad and the means of facilitating a return to
peace in that country. The relations thus officially established will be
continued," the PS communique goes on to say.

The Socialist Party states that the contacts established with the CDR at "the
request of the latter go back to June 1982, but the CDR, one of the GUNT's
main components, is not a favored partner." The PS international secretariat
points out that it has already received a delegation from the CCFAN [Northern
Armed Forces Command Council] and that it is preparing to receive a delegation
from the GUNT next week. These contacts, it is again said on Solferino Street,
are part of the Socialist Party's concern to make contact with all Chadian
political components “without favoring any one of them." The PS says, "We
have points of agreement with every one of them, but not 100 percent agree-
ment."

The PS states that it recognizes the current Ndjamena government and that it
is repeating to all its interlocutors that it is a question of a "reality that
cannot be bypassed" and that it does not recognize the GUNT as a government.

However, an official Chadian source in Paris indicates that this communique,
which speaks of relations "officially" established with the CDR, runs the risk
of muddling diplomatic measures in progress and of arousing trends by giving
them unhoped-for importance.

9434
CSO: 3419/223

27



SOUTH AFRICA

CONSULTATIONS ON FUTURE OF URBAN BLACKS BEGIN
Pretoria DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 7 Nov 83 p 11

[Text] Pretoria--The special cabinet committee on black political development
is meeting today for the first time following the referendum for an in-depth
look at the situation of blacks outside national states and the government is
giving this a high priority.

Chris Heunis, the chairman of the committee and minister of Political
Development. and Planning, told Parliament that. the committee's first task
is to decide on how to undertake consultations with community leaders.

Wide Front

Looking into this matter will take place on a wide front. Heunis said that
local authorities, their financing and liaison with other ‘authorities,
represent just a few of these aspects. The committee will be consulting

not only with black leaders, but also with white, colored and Indian leaders,
because they too will be affected.

The government and black leaders consult on a regular basis; however,
according to DIE VOLKSBLAD's information there has not as yet been any
decision with respect to a black "forum." According to a report in the
SUNDAY TIMES leaders from the national states and urban regions will be
invited to participate in the forum for negotiating with the cabinet committee.

Mr Heunis told DIE-VOLKSBLAD: "In carrying out its task the committee must
keep in touch with community leaders, not only with leaders of the black
community, but over the broad spectrum. Therefore, the thing to be considered
first must be the manner in which the consultations will be taking place."

"Several possibilities can be considered. A special possibility is working
on a geographic district basis. The committee must therefore make a decision
on this as its first task."

The committee consisting of seven ministers was appointed in February of this
year. Other members are: Dr Piet Koornhof, Minister of Collaboration and
Development, Minister of Foreign Affairs Pik Botha, Minister of Internal
Affairs F.W. de Klerk, Minister of Law and Order Louis de Grange, Minister of
Justice Kobie Coetsee, and Minister of National Education Dr Gerrit Viljoen.

63



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

CISKEI RELEASES 4 DETAINED OFFICERS--Ciskei authorities have confirmed the
release of four Ciskei detainees. Ciskei Security Chief Zebulon Makuzeni has
confirmed that four.police and army officers were released last Friday. They
have been named as Colonel (M. Ratele), Colonel (Louis Nhono), Colonel

(L. Knani), and warrant officer (P. Toto). The four men had been in detention
since last July. [Text] [MB290905 Umtata Capital Radio in English 0600 GMT
29 Dec 83]

PARTY TO PARTICIPATE IN NEW CONSTITUTION--A call by the leader of the People's
Congress Party, Mr (Peter Marais), to participate in the new constitution has
been adopted unanimously by the party's first congress being held at Elsies
River near Cape Town. Speaking on the congress theme of aggressive participa-
tion in the new constitution, he said there was really no alternative to
participation. With participation there was likely to be a significant improve-
ment in the quality of life of the cdlored people within the next few years. If
this did not happen, the party would reconsider its views on participation.
[Text] [MB301343 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 29 Dec 83]

TROOPS TO QUELL ZULU FIGHTING--Widespread tribal faction fighting has erupted
in rural districts near Greytown. Police say troops have been flown in by
helicopter to help quell the violence. The fighting has broken out between
rival clans of Zulu warriors. Yesterday three policemen were shot dead by
Zulu tribesmen as they were investigating reports of stock theft. Farmers
in the area say the fighting broke out on New Year's Day. There have been no
immediate reports of tribesmembers killed or injured in the fighting. [Text]
[MB031015 Umtata Capital Radio in English 1000 GMT 3 Jan 84)

CAPE CONGRESS CALLS FOR COLORED REFERENDUM--At Elsies River near Cape Town, the
congress of the People's Congress party has unanimously adopted a motion calling
for.a joint referendum and general election to test the political will of the
coloreds. The motion called for the election to be held on a proportional
voting basis with ballot papers bearing the names of political parties instead
of the names on candidates. It was further stated that the People’s Congress
Party, the Labor Party, and the United Democratic Front should be recognized

as the three major groups representing the main policy options open to the
colored people. [Text] [MB301600 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English

1500 GMT 30 Dec 83]

cso: 3400/462 65



TANZANIA

BRIEFS

NORWEGIAN AID--Dar es Salaam--Under an agreement signed in Dar es Salaam today,
Norway will provide Tanzania with aid of 75 million shillings for four projects.
The agreement was signed by the Norwegian ambassador to Tanzania, Mr (Olaf
Doran), and the principal secretary of the Finance Ministry, Ndugu Fulgency
Kazaura. The aid will finance projects of the Tanzania coastal shipping line,
the Tacoshili, the Forestry Department of Dar es Salaam University and’ the
construction of houses for Norwegian experts working respectively on Rukwa and
Dar es Salaam regional projects. [Excerpt] [EA280350 Dar es Salaam Domestic
Service in Swahili 1700 GMT 27 Dec 83]

PRC FACTORY EXPERTS--Zanzibat--The first group of experts from the PRC will
be engaged in reviving the sugar factory and the perfume factory in Mahunda
arrived in Zanzibar yesterday to prepare for the work. Welcoming the experts,
the deputy minister of agriclture, (Ndugu Usi Khamisi), said the factory was
faced with many minor problems, but the major ones were the poor condition of
the ovens and the conveyor belts which bring the sugar cane to the machines
and sugar presses. The deputy minister told the experts that the factory con-
tinued to produce sugar but in small amounts. [Excerpt] [EA040423 Zanzibar
Domestic Service in Swahili 1600 GMT 3 Jan 84]

FOOD SHORTAGE IN LINDI--Ndugu Abbas Farahani the Lindi regional development
director, has said that the region is faced with an acute shortage of food.

He said at present Lindi region has reserves of 1,474 tonnes of food, enough to
meet the needs of public institutions and villages that experience a shortage
of food for 2 months. He said the. food includes 300 tonnes of rice, 133 tonnes
of maize and 1,041 tonnes of cassava. Ndugu Farahani said the region needs
about 220,000 litres of diesel in order to transport. 3,670 tonnes of maize from
Ruvuma region. According to an initial report by the regional commissioners
office, the shortage of food has been caused by the extensive destruction of
the sorghum crop by worms. Another cause is the scarcity of diesel for trans-
porting crops from Songea and meagre efforts to cultivate last season by vil-
lagers afflicted by the food shortage. [Text] [EA282141 Dar es Salaam Domestic
Service in Swahili 1700 GMT 28 Dec 83]

cso: 3449/9

66



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

MPLA YOUTH WING ELECTION--The new Luanda provincial committee of the MPLA-
Labor Party Youth Wing, comprising 41 full members and 10 candidate members,
was elected yesterday at the end of the second assembly of members of the party
youth wing. The participants to the assembly approved resolutions on education
and work with youth movement and mass organizations, as well as on the internal
life of the organization and the defense of the fatherland. The assembly
hailed the municipal secretariat of the (Maianga-maiota) and party youth mem-
bers in (Pombal) for taking part in the cultural, sport and patriotic activi-
ties, as well as their selfless socialist spirit of hard work. The need for
increased participation by the youth in the economic and social tasks was
underlined by the assembly, which recommended that all of the party youth

wing of Luanda Province redouble their efforts to strengthen and improve the
efficiency of the bodies of the youth organization. [Text] [MB310550 Luanda
Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 30 Dec 83]

PORTUGUESE OIL COMPANY WITHDRAWS--The Portuguese petroleum company Petrogal

has permanently been withdrawn from the group of contracting companies which
operate in the block No. 4 of the Angolan offshore, the National Angolan Fuel
Company [Sonangol] told ANGOP the day before yesterday. It will be recalled
that Petrogal, which holds (710) percent of the shares, used to operate as a
contracting company in block No. 4 together with Sonangol and (Petrofina). The
Angolan continental shelf includes an area of 46,000 square kilometers and is
divided into 13 petroleum blocks, from north to south. Meanwhile, Sonangol, a
state economic unit, is the sole concessionaire and the owner of all the equip-
ment that exists in the country and is associated with a number of foreign
companies on a joint venture production basis. This means, among other things,
stability resulting from a price limitation clause and a share of interests for
Angola and the foreign companies. [Text] [MB301719 Luanda Domestic Service
in Portuguese 0500 GMT 30 Dec 831 Lo

TWO SENTENCED FOR ECONOMIC SABOTAGE--In Benguela yesterday the Military Coun-
cil Tribunal of the 7th Region sentenced accused (Silvestre do Amorim Cardoso)
and (Emanuel Miguel) to 14 and 8 months in prison respectively. (Silvestre
Cardoso), a Portuguese businessman, sentenced for the crime of economic sabo-
tage and hoarding, was fined 500,000 kwanzas and will have his commercial
establishment closed for a period of 3 months. (Emanuel Miguel), deputy

24


ANGOLA

NAMIBE PROVINCE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION FIGURES
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 18 Nov 83 p 3

[Text] The social and economic situation of Namibe Province is characterized,
above all, by a marked shortage of cadres in all sectors, but there are other
problems impeding the desired socioeconomic development.

The poor. productivity of the fishing and agriculture sectors is aggravated
by the shortage of transport means and the poor supply of food for the workers,
factors which have a major effect on socioeconomic development in the region.

In the agriculture sector, in addition to poor organization and a low rate of
productivity, there is a serious credit problem, especially for the associations,
where payments are in arrears and other companies are not honoring their debts.

In the fishing sector, the catch was only 7,565.8 tons in the last quarter,
or 79 percent of the quota of 9,644.5 tons.

Also in this important sector, it is noted that the major species captured
(4,907.5 tons of anchovy and sardines) were turned into fish meal since, as
is known, their small size makes them unsuitable for salting and drying.

Let us look at the processing and distribution tables:

Table 1: Fish Processing Figures (in tons)

Type of Processing Quota Actual Percent of Goal
Frozen 1,955.1 939.7 48

Dried 1.278.0 613.8 48
Half-cure 2,460.0 744.7 30

Canned 555.0 142.3 140

Salted 2,999.8 1,146.8 49
Dressed 7.5 1.9 25
Shellfish 27.0 20.7 74.8

Meal 699.8 981.0 140

The low rates observed reflect the small catch in species suitable for processing.



ZIMBABWE

Supreme Court Confiscation of Property
(Harare Domestic Service, 28 Dec 83).....e-

Mugabe Comments on Drought Plans, UK Financing
(Harare Domestic’ Service, 26 Dec 83).cesccevereees

PLO Envoy Cites Mugabe Support for "Arafat
(THE HERALD, 15 Dec 83) .ccecccccccccccccecccccencs

Briefs

Hydroelectric Project Planned
Minimum Wage Regulations Violated
Denmark Aid Agreement

69

70

71

73
73
73



the capital know this: the party propaganda is no longer able to deceive them.
The people of Luanda live in terror and uncertainty, virtually "walled in": on
the one hand they face the violent repression of the Marxists, and on the other
the latent threat of the "day of reckoning."

Luestion/ But you said at the beginning of this interview that none of the
forces of the opposition wants a blood bath....

[iuswer7 And I say it again. We must find a formula for getting the MPLA to
engage in dialogue and induce it to surrender, thereby avoiding a bloody con-
frontation. To elucidate this proposal, I shall reveal to you one aspect of
our strategy: the Cambambe Dam, that extraordinary hydroelectric project which
the Portuguese built and left in place, is guarded by strong Cuban contingents,
perhaps the largest concentration of troops that they have in Angola. As we
know, the electric power that Luanda consumes is supplied by Cambambe, to which
it is linked by high voltage lines. We could therefore attempt the destruction
of the dam, but that would be to turn the clock back 100 years in the history
of Angola! It would mean destroying a gigantic undertaking that was not built
with only the whites in mind but was aimed at the progress of the entire terri-
tory. We shall therefore leave Cambambe in peace. We. shall not, however, be
able to give the same guarantees with respect to the "umbilical cord" that
links the dam to the capital of Angola.... We must prove to the MPLA that |
despite the Russian and Cuban support things are not going the way they would
wish. If the MPLA accepts the status of a political party integrated into a
democratic society, all well and good; but it will have to divest itself of

all Marxist ideas and renounce the plan initiated at Alvor, which removed
Angola from the Western orbit and handed the country over to the communists.
Great discretion will be necessary in order to prevent troops that are today
fighting in the jungle against the oppressor regime--troops who have suffered
the disappointment of seeing that all their sacrifices in the "colonial wars"
have been in vain--from entering Luanda with a strong desire for vengeance and
retaliation. The Portuguese Government could do much to help the Angolan
opposition find that solution. The Angolan people would owe it an incalcu-
lable debt of gratitude. To conceal the situation now being experienced in
Angola is therefore another form of betrayal....

Everything Has Gotten Worse

Ruestion/ It can't help but be encouraging to hear men who fought against
Portugal acknowledge today that it is only fair to debunk the "black myth" of
colonization. The Africans have gained nothing to date from decolonization.
They acknowledge that they have only lost--lost in terms of freedom, security,
standard of living, access to education, medical assistance and peace.

[Moswer/ It is indeed difficult for the people to understand that after a
full-scale campaign against the "occupying force" (the Portuguese), foreigners
arrived with whom not even thé coexistence that formerly prevailed is possible.
The farmers, for example, who used to take their products to the "canteens" and
freely sell them there are today obliged to turn their production over to the
state. They are told that the purpose of this contribution is to provide for
future crises, but when these crises occur (and they occur constantly) the

13



Regarding the construction sector, aside from the works by the production dir-
ectorates tied to the Provincial Construction Office, PAVITERRA is. still in
operation, working particularly on repairing the streets in the city of Namibe.
This..sector’ also faces a shortage of paving materials, a problem which is related
to the lack of transport means.

Although the work is not significant in scope, about 30 kilometers of roadway
between the settlements of Lucira and Benguela have been improved.

Summarizing the status of the transport and communications sector, it is hampered
by a shortage of means, which is preventing the full implementation of the plans
initially established. However, the Railway Company of Namibe transported about
197,717 passengers and 27,419 tons of various merchandise in the last quarter,
and TAAG (Angolan Airlines) served 5,640 passengers and carried about 170,000
tons of various cargo.

Regarding the housing sector in Namibe Province, the problems are cause for
increasing concern. The local office is struggling with a shortage of skilled
manpower, making it necessary to resort to international cooperation and to
bring in personnel from other provinces.

The solution to the housing problem has been a continuing concern of the Namibe
Provincial Commission. The design and initiation of construction of seventeen
three-room apartment buildings and two 96-room residences is underway. This
project, to be executed by TECNOTUNEL, will help to improve the housing situation
in the province.

In this sector, there is also a shortage of technical equipment and material
for the desiredrepair and maintenance of the existing property.

Regarding the educational sector in Namibe Province, there is a shortage of
teachers and equipment. In primary education, the children's final test scores
presented an average of 41 percent, with the second grade showing the lowest
scores.

Adult education was conducted in all the companies, services and military units;
of the 2,459 tested, 1,415 students received passing grades. There were also
teaching seminars for adult education instructors.

Regarding professional training, students in the physical education courses

were tested, and 11 teachers completed the 5th semester. At the training center
for the fishing profession, 23 unskilled workers were trained as diesel mechanics,
radio technicians and fishing masters.

At the Helder Neto Institute, the first three students completed the oceanography
and processing course; 99 of the 108 students enrolled were promoted.

In the health field, there is increasing success in organization. The arrival
of medicines at the end of the first quarter was gratefully noted.



For example, the proposal (now in concrete form) for construction of the new
pier will in the future considerably facilitate shipment of the products of
the plant, inasmuch as the capacity of the pier (estimated at 3,000 sacks per
hour) will enable the ships--together with the cargo they embark for those
provinces that have ports--also to ship other cargo consigned to other desti-
nations (including even Luanda) where transport by truck would be easier.

Local Production of Sacks, and Installation of the Fourth Kiln

Somewhat noteworthy among the measures currently being taken with a view to
improving the cement distribution system is the projected local production of
sacks. In addition to effecting a significant reduction in major economic
expenditures this measure will impart greater flexibility in sacking and
distribution, because--as one can easily conclude--the shortage of sacks can
also affect the distribution process.

This local production of sacks is becoming all the more necessary, because
when the fourth kiln is completed the production of CIMANGOLA will double and
thereby require larger quantities of sacks. Installation of this kiln (which
is contingent solely on certain bureaucratic formalities) has been pending
for 10 years.

Completion of the installation of the kiln would give the plant a new system
for manufacturing the cement (involving the sack)--the most modern system
used by most plants throughout the world. It is anticipated that the lending
institutions will expedite to the maximum the entire process relating to
installation of this new kiln.

Another situation that has not attracted sufficient attention relates to the
control to be exercised over the diversion of shipments of cement, with many
persons going so far as to attribute responsibility for the situation to
CIMANGOLA. :

In its capacity as a sales enterprise, however, CIMANGOLA ships its product in
accordance with the necessary laws and is not responsible for controlling the
route taken by the cement shipments, because other entities have been charged
with performing that task.

These are the principal reasons underlying the cement shortage that was exper-
ienced for approximately 4 months. It is now possible, however, to be more
optimistic with respect to a normal supply of cement in the future, for when
all the problems are resolved CIMANGOLA will once again be able to attain the
capacity that prevailed in the 1970's--a production of approximately 550,000
tons per year.

10992
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19



075101
JPRS-SSA-84-005

13 January 1984

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

“DRT TTION a STATEMENT ri
— ee :

Approved tm pabite risus,
Distribution Unitmited

Pm UAL rey INSPECTED g

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE



Workers Benefit
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 14 Nov 83 p 2
[Article by Rogerio Sitoé]

{Text] The management of the Sofala Forestry Plantation Project, "F04," is
currently striving to improve the living conditions of its 537 workers.

As a result, a special workers' food store was inaugurated there recently.

In the meantime, a new residential quarter is also going up in the "Milha
oito" production unit, and land to grow corn, cassava, rice and vegetables
is being prepared, our reporters learned.

According to the project's management, a decisive component of the reforesta-
tion program's success will be to improve the workers’ social conditions (which
can already be seen in some areas). It also represents the fulfillment of the
FRELIMO's fourth party congress decisions.

As a result, an agriculture department is going to be introduced this year for
the first time. A recently arrived mid-level technician has already assumed
these duties. It was determined that rice, corn and, above all, cassava were
feasible crops for the "Milha oito" area.

As our reporters were able to visit the farming areas, they were able to see
that there are crops already in the soil. There are 30 hectares of corn, 10 of
cassava and 10 of rice.

On a par with these activities, there is special attention being given to large
scale vegetable production and raising of small livestock. The soil is very
fertile and, according to the results of some experiments already done, all
indications are that there will be good results.

This program expands upon the opening of the special workers' store that period-
ically sells basic necessities. Its goal is to create conditions for the enter-
prise to become self-sufficient in food for its workers (using its own resources)
in the next few years.

Housing

A large part of the project's workers lives very far from the fields where they
work. This means that the enterprise provides transportation to take the work-
ers to and from work.

According to the project director, the tendency is to slowly transfer the work-
ers close to the production units into the so-called "workers' quarters" that
are being built for this purpose.

This activity is already underway in the "Milha Oito" production unit where
many workers already live in a growing residential area. The houses being

42



He also commented on the disorganized state of the enemy, given the continuing
harassment by the FAPLA [People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola]
in various areas and regions. of

In Moxico
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 23 Nov 83 p 1

{Text] Lwena--The policy of clemency practiced by the
MPLA-Labor Party toward all those who have been duped by the
imperialist puppets has meant that hundreds of countrymen
continue to give themselves up to our Defense and Security
forces.

On 18 November, Manuel Dumbo, a 30-year-old peasant, native of Caconda, Huila
Province, who had once worked. for UNITA, surrendered himself, his RPG-7 and five
howitzers to the Defense and Security forces in Moxico, when he realized that
he was fighting an unjust war against his brother Angolans and the MPLA-Labor
Party.

Questioned by the Angolan news agency ANGOP, Dumbo said he had been "abducted
on the night of 16 November 1982," when he was at home with his family in Calenga
(Caconda). He was then taken to a zone called “Kuinaro." |

He added that, on the following morning, he was taken to the so-called Zone 7;
where he remained for several days, and then traveled through other regions to
reach Jamba Municipio, where he received military training for 6 months. After
trainng, he was told that he was to be transfered to a zone in Lunda-Sul, and
he took that opportunity to escape.

Dumbo said: "The bandits engaged in theft, looting and murder in defenseless
villages"; he guaranteed that he was prepared to fight against his former comrades,
who were taken in by the reactionary propaganda and continue to aid in @stabilizing
the nation's economy. In conclusion, he praised the authorities for the manner

in which he had been received and for the way he has been treated up to now.

Collaborators of UNITA Puppets Presented

Seven counter-revolutionaries were presented to the people of Moxico during the
celebration of the eighth anniversary of our independence. The seven individuals
were part of an important ring composed of 30 members (of which they were the
ringleaders), who sowed death and destruction among the people, an official source
informed ANGOP.

Zangata Mandante, aged 65, Martino Litun, 56, Luciano Cassanga, 45, Bernardo
Cassueca Sautali, 42, Andre Mazaca Sawine, 38, Martins Lioio 34, and Machal
Sayombo, aged 60, operated in the districts on the outskirts of the city of
Lwena, where their major activities involved the acquisition of essential pro-
ducts, clothing and military intelligence,



ANGOLA

UNITA FIGHTERS SURRENDER IN VARIOUS AREAS
In Huambo
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Nov 83 p 3

[Text] Huambo--Yesterday (Thursday), two agents of Pretoria who had given them-
selves up to the authorities were presented to thé news media in the province.

They are Basilio Cayumbuca, aged 21, and Rufino Satumbo, aged 26, described as
a second lieutenant and second sergeant in the puppet group in the service of
the South Africans.

Both men recognized they were "wasting time in an unpromising war which was leading
to the most inhumane deprivation," and decided to surrender themselves and their
weapons to the nearest settlement.

They mentioned the support which they have received from South African-occupied
Namibia for their destabilizing action in some sectors and regions of the country;
"We were only obeying the orders of the lackeys."

Rufino Satumba received South African military training in mine placement at

a base in Chivanda (northern Namibia). He stressed that, in their actions against
defenseless civilian settlements, they used the opportunity to steal the people's
property, food, clothing, cattle, etc. He said the livestock taken from the vil-
lages was transported to Namibia and traded for war materiel from the South
Africans.

Satumpo was sent from Namibia to the interior of Angola in 1982, on a mission
he could not explain, but he took part in attacks and inbonb placements in Cuima,
Catata and Cussa (Huambo Province).

He participated in sabotaging people's [state] stores, civilian villages and
truck convoys.

Basilio Cayumbuca, a farmer by profession, explained that he had been abducted
from his village in 1982, and was trained by the South Africans in Namibia.

He took part in attacks against Catuta and Cuima communes. He gave himself up
to the authorities in Cuima because, as he said, "I could see that the battle
in the jungles held no future for us."



SOUTH AFRICA

LABOR PARTY DEMANDS EQUALITY FOR ALL BEFORE MILITARY CONSCRIPTION
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 17 Nov 83 p 8

[Text] Port Elizabeth--A spokesman of the Department of Defense has told
DIE BURGER that the government is sticking to its viewpoint with respect
to military conscription.for coloreds and Indians in the planned new order
of things and that is how Prime Minister P. W. Botha has put it.

This was the government's reaction to a statement made by the leader of
the Labor Party, the Reverend Alan Hendrickse, in which he said that his
party rejects conscription for the. coloreds until all South Africans,
including the blacks, "have full participation in this society."

When asked about this Colonel Buks Geyer, director of public relations
for the armed forces and speaking for the Minister of Defense, General
Magnus Malan, said that the prime minister "has. spoken the last word on
the sujbect of conscription for the coloreds" when he did so at a news
conference just after the referendum of 2 November.

In the course of this news conference Mr Botha said that the coloreds and
Indians would be taken into the country's conscription system step by step
as the new order is instituted.

Permission

Rev Hendrickse is reported to have stated that the Labor Party will not
agree to a military conscription of coloreds "until South Africa becomes
a country of total participation by all who live here and until a new
society is formed."

This principle is not negotiable. "If we become a part of the three
chamber system no decision affecting us will be taken without our permission
and as as far as. the Labor Party is concerned, conscription, is out of the
question." This is what Rev Hendrickse said.

Rev Hendrickse is out of town and could not be reached for comment.

Mr Chris Heunis, the minister for Political Development: and Planning, in
answering a question on this subject said that he has no responsibility
on the matter of conscription and therefore he could not provide any
comment on the subject.

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[Kone] Recently, eight Chadian factions regrouped into a National Liberation
Council. What does this mean?

[Goukouni] You know that the National Liberation Council, which we have
just created, is a supreme body for the revolutionary struggle, that is to
say for our struggle for the liberation of Chad. It is a supreme governing
and policy-making body. We have placed this body above the GUNT with the
objective of ending the existence of factions that have in a way become the
major cause of the disputes and contradictions that we are experiencing in
our country. We created this body to merge all the Chadian factions.

[Kone] Frankly, are you ready to meet Hissein Habre to end the war that
is tearing Chad apart.

[Goukouni] As Ihave said on many occasions, I sincerely want to bring peace
and stability to our country and to see all the Chadian refugees return to
their own country. It is for these reasons that I agreed to hold discussions
with Hissein Habre to find a solution. I agreed to negotiate with him to
try and find a solution. Thus, I will go to Addis Ababa in January with

a strong determination to come back with a negotiated settlement. ‘

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38



CHAD

OUTCOME OF NEGOTIATIONS AMONG VARIOUS FACTIONS 'UNCERTAIN'

Paris LE MONDE in French 27-28 Nov 83 p 20

[Text] On Friday, 25 November, in a communique from Tripoli received in Paris,
Goukouni Oueddei gave his agreement to a "round table" between the various
Chadian parties which would take place, according to this communique, in Addis
Ababa on 21 December. However, the agreement of the president of the Trans-
itional National Union Government [GUNT] to this initiative by the Organization
of African Unity (OAU) is only one in principle, since Mr Oueddei indicates
that this "round table" will bring together "the GUNT with its various com-
ponents" and "the FAN [Northern Armed Forces] trend led by Hissein Habre."

This represents a new refusal to recognize the legitimacy of the Ndjamena
government, since the latter had definitely stated that this meeting was not
to be accompanied by any preliminary condition or veto. Indeed, Mr Habre in-
tends to participate in this meeting as a head of state and not as the head of
a faction. Moreover, his government had been officially recognized by the OAU
at the Addis Ababa summit last June.

Mr Oueddei notes in his communique: "The commitment to direct negotiations
between the GUNT and the FAN is the only way to put an end to the madness that
has overtaken Chad, provoked by Hissein Habre's rebellion against the legitimate
authority in Chad and the invasion of our country by reactionary imperialist:

The outcome of the negotiations in progress thus remains uncertain, even if con-
cessions have been made on both sides. Goukouni Oueddei has lifted the precon~-
dition of the withdrawal of French troops to any negotiation with Ndjamena.
And at the Vittel summit, Hissein Habre, who had previously recognized only
Libya as the sole interlocutor, had proposed a dialog with "all Chadians."

The possibility of a settlement of .the Chadian conflict is still stymied by
practical methods of participation. Will they be removed between now and mid-
December?

In a communique published in Paris on Thursday, 24 December, the Socialist Party
[PS] announced that "several discussions took place in Paris from 16 to 23 Novem-
ber between a delegation from the Revolutionary Democratic Council (CDR) of

Chad and the international secretariat of the PS. These discussions dealt with

26



built are of the improved traditional type and it is planned that others will
be built of brick. Ten thousand bricks out of the 13,000 planned for produc-
tion have already been made in a local oven located very close to this resi-
dential area.

Other reports point out that there is an infirmary in each production unit as
well as a school to educate and teach reading and writing, a small carpenter
shop and a crafts shop. The support provided by the World Food Program should
also be noted. It periodically provides dried fish, oil, flour and other food-
stuffs.

Photos Published
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Nov 83 pp 1, 3
[Article by R. Sitoe]
[Text] The Ministry of Agriculture is making a great effort to protect nature
by organizing groups to control the burning. Meanwhile, the reforestation
projects in our country are gaining momentum. We are already reaping the

fruits of this labor in some areas. The FO4 project we have been discussing
in our recent editions is an example of this.

The project is aimed at reforesting 20,000 hectares in Sofala Province so

that in, at least, 5 years this utilization of nature by man may supply the
region with wood fuels as well as lumber for construction. We are publishing
photographs of the work being carried out in the FO4 project on page three of
this edition.

The Ministry of Agriculture is making a great effort to protect nature by
organizing groups to control the burning. Meanwhile, the reforestation pro-
jects are gaining momentum.. We are already reaping the positive fruits of
this labor in some regions.

The FO4 project is aimed at reforesting about 20,000 hectares in Sofala Pro-
vince. It is only a small part integrated into a series of other identical
projects in Mozambique. The goal is to make use of and control nature so that
in at least 5 years the region may be supplied with wood fuels--firewood and
charcoal-~-as well as lumber for construction.

After about 3 years of organizing, the FO4 project "is now in a decisive stage
of reforestation. The technical, working and social conditions have been
created and put in place for the project to be considered promising," said
Jan Olsson, coordinator of the MONAP projects, to our reporters a few days ago
when he visited all the production units to evaluate the work done up till now
and prepare follow-up conditions for up to 1985.

The photos puboished here show:

1) Stacking firewood to build a charcoal producing oven.

43



director of the planning enterprise of Benguela Province, sentenced for the
crime of speculation in alcoholic drinks, was fined 350,000 kwanzas as fees
for the defense lawyer appointed by the tribunal. The Military Council Tri-
bunal of the 7th Region acquitted (Fernando Simoes), director of [word in-
distinct] regional enterprise, (Eugenio Martins), and (Julio dos Santos) for
lack of proof. [Text] [MB231842 Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese

1200 GMT 23 Dec 83]

COOPERATION WITH PORTUGUESE SISMET--The People's Republic of Angola, and the
Portuguese company Organizational and Information Systems and Methods (SISMET),
are developing an "extremely important" cooperative relationship, ANGOP
[Bogolen Press Agency/ was told Thursday in Lisbon by Antonio Dray, chairman
of the board of directors of SISMET. Questioned regarding the importance of
his company's relations of cooperation with Angola in the area of services,

Dr Dray classified these relations as "strategic, in terms of the development
of Portuguese enterprises." During an interview in which Luis Pessoa, an
engineer and member of the executive board, also took part, these SISMET offi-
cials declared that it was essential for Angola to receive the benefits of
technology transfer that the Portuguese company makes possible in a sector
wherein Angola has a serious shortage of qualified personnel. /Text/7 /Iuanda
JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 6 Nov 83 p 27 10992

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25



Mr Dewe said that the second biggest problem is that Rhodesian aged in
South Africa are not entitled to a pension.

Sympathetic South Africans oan also join the Rhodesian club. They are
really welcome, because they can lend their help in finding jobs for the
older Rhodesians who want to work.

According to Mr Dewe not even the qualifications of former Rhodesian
railroad men are being recognized. But older Rhodesians are people who
are used to fighting for what they want and it is for this reason that many
of them have become well established in the South African business world.

We are not a club which flourishes on soft sentimentality. One of our
objectives is to keep alive the thoughts of our Rhodesia...because we
reAlize that this was an important period in history."

“Our club meets once a month and our main administration meets once or
twice a year. We are trying to keep the spirit of Rhodesia fresh and alive
and I believe that nobody will feel resentment against us for that. We
have lost everything...but we have retained our pride.

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62



Table 2: Distribution (n tons)

Category Quota Actual Percent of Goal
Fresh, frozen 1,760.4 2,350.6 133
Dried, half-cured 3,378.0 1,338.0 40
Canned - 344.3 -
Dressed - 1.9 -
Shellfish - 16.4 -

The lack of supplies of all types is the principal reason for the sector's fail-
ure to recover and expand the major processing units, to overhaul and reoutfit
the salt-water and fresh-water fleet. The greatest needs: cement, iron, sheet
metal, wood, paint, acetylene, parts and spare parts, particularly tires and
batteries, and packaging materials for processed products, including cartons
and cans.

It is noted that, although fishing is considered a priority sector, it has not
been given priority with respect to supplies. Regarding -finances, all the
companies in the sector are having enormous difficulty meeting their commitments,
and some of them are not meeting their payrolls. Moreover, the fact that they
are not being paid promptly is causing serious problems, as reflected in the
following figures:

Accumulation of outstanding credits: 205,918.2 million kwanzas.
Accumulation of outstanding debts: 224,419.9 million kwanzas.

As can be seen, low productivity originating in the poor catch, added to the
financial situation, gives us some idea of the problems facing the sector.

Regarding the domestic marketing sector, in addition to the shortage of produce,
livestock products and fish, there are not enough foodstuffs and manufactured
goods to supply.the working masses and the people in general, despite the efforts
of the local party and government authorities. It is noteworthy that supplies
of the most essential products, such as sugar, rice and vegetables. oils, among
others, have not even met the quotas, which themselves are much too low for

the present population of Namibe Province. The population of Namibe is currently
estimated at about 160,000 inhabitants.

Rural Marketing Results:
Agricultural produce: 34.3 tons.
Livestock:

~--Beef: 75.4 tons

Pork: 19.6 tons
Goats: 28.8 tons

--Chickens: 19.9 tons
--Eggs: 6,404 tons



Rafael Sapilinha said that completion of this important railway bridge repre-
sents a severe defeat for imperialism and its lackeys, who judged us to be
incapable of rebuilding such an important project. It should be noted that a
total of 10 Soviet specialists and 35 Angolans associated with the Ministry
of Construction and the Namibe Railroad took part in the construction work
and played a decisive role in its completion.

10992
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16


SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY CITES SOVIET INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES
MB021310 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 2 Jan 84
[Station commentary: "The Soviet Interest in South Africa"]

[Text] The interest of the Soviet Union in South Africa is manifested not
least in the level at which its intelligence activities in the country are
handled. The conviction of the former commander of Simonstown Naval Base and
his wife for spying for Moscow, although the most spectacular of the cases
uncovered, fits into the pattern.

Up to now, it has not been South Africans but East Europeans who have been
unearthed as spies, and their dossier is ample confirmation of the Republic's
high priority in the Kremlin's plan for global expansion. ‘Among them was
(Yuriy Loginov), of whom his KGB masters thought so-highly that he was
exchanged for 10 captured West German agents. Before that, he was reported
to have divulged the names of colleagues in 23 other countries. From Major
(Aleksey Koslov) information was gained on subversive activity in South-West
Africa and the Republic before he was returned to Moscow in exchange for Sapper
Johan van der Mescht and a number of. unidentified Westerners held behind the
Iron Curtain. A KGB trained Yugoslav, (Nero Malek), and Czechs (Yosof
Kohoptu) and (Yara Kharek) were exposed in the seventies.

Control of South Africa is vital to the Soviet's international strategy.
Authorities quote the statement once made by Brezhnev: Our aim is to gain
control of the two great treasure houses on which the West depends:

the energy of the Persian Gulf and the mineral treasures of Central and
Southern Africa.

Professor (Durk Kunit), head of the Department of International Relations at
Witwatersrand University, states that the Soviets are convinced that only the
republic has the potential to act as the hub of a Soviet-controlled subcontiaeat
if not the whole of Africa. The Politbureau's journal for African Marxisa-
Leninism has noted: We must include in our reckoning this area, which has a
massive industrial base, a numerous and experienced working class and the
possibility of acting in relation to most of the continent in the role
developed Russia played toward the more underdeveloped parts of the Soviet
Union.

53



Chief Buthelezi will have to do everything in his power to avoid a
Muzorewa type moderate picture of himself. As the South African policy
changes he willlactually be forced to shift more to the left.

Dr Kotze emphasized that Chief Buthelezi does have strong political support.
He saw to it that Natal was nearly free of disorders during the 1976
disturbances. In urban areas his meetings are attended by as many as 15,000
people. He is an important black moderate leader with whom the government
will have to continue to deal with.

Ray Swart, the leader of the Natal Progressive Federal Party, says that
he fears the forces within the Inkatha movement which are pressuring Chief
Buthelezi to become a radical.

Nevertheless,.Buthelezi remains a strong moderate leader and it is ridiculous
that some people regard him as an extremist; however, events in white
politics are undermining the basis for his moderate attitude.

Is he a leader in the "national liberation movement" or is he playing a game
with the government with the ultimate objective of having it accept a
dependence on a greater KwaZulu?

Open collaboration with Buthelezi can also mean that the ANC might lose
the support of radical black organizations which are not friendly terms
with Inkatha. A clear indication of this was seen in the reaction of those
organizations to the events at the Universtiy of Zululand where five
students were killed and nearly 100 wounded in clashes blamed on Inkatha

agitators.

Mr Tom Lodge, author of the recent ,"Black Politics in South Africa since
1945," is of the opinion that the ANC will be circumspect about an Inkatha
approach.

Officially the last meeting between Chief Buthelezi and the ANC took place
in 1980. That meeting ended with mutual accusations. Since then the ANC
has nevet again admitted having had discussions with Inkatha--although such

rumors are occasionally heard.

In the opinion of Mr Lodge, if Inkatha were to actually appraoch the ANC,
then the first question that the ANC would ask would probably be: What
is Inkatha doing for the "liberation" of South Africa?

In such an event Inkatha would then have to demonstrate its sincere
intentions by becoming more militant, for example, by getting involved
in labor unrest and by throwing its full weight on the side of political
groups who want to paralyze the community councils.

7964
cso: 3401/25



IVORY COAST

FRG AMBASSADOR DISCUSSES BILATERAL RELATIONS, COOPERATION
Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 22, 24 Nov 83
{22 Nov 83 p 10]

[Excerpts] In connection with the official visit that West German President
Karl Carstens has been making to our ‘country since yesterday, we interviewed
His Excellency, Mr Rudolf Koppenofer, ambassador of the Federal Republic of
Germany to the Ivory Coast.

In the interview set forth below, the German diplomat points out not only the
importance of President Carsten's historic visit to Abidjan but also the ex-
cellence of Ivory Coast-German relations since the establishment of diplomatic
relations between the two countries shortly after 1960.

[Question] Bilateral cooperation between Bonn and Abidjan will certainly exper-
dence ia revival as a result of the visit to the Ivory Coast of His Excellency,
Karl Carstens, President of the Federal Republic of Germany. Could you give us,
here and now, an evaluation of this historic visit, of which so much is ex-
pected?

[Answer] The Federal Republic of Germany established diplomatic relations with
the Ivory Coast immediately after its accession to independence in 1960. These
relations have developed during the last 23 years in a spirit of great and deep
friendship, thanks, in the first place, to substantial agreement on our two
countries’ basic political ideas, for example, renunciation of force in inter-
national relations, noninterference in the internal affairs of third countries,
dialogue:as away of resolving conflicts, respect for human rights and a liberal
economic policy.

Nevertheless, such a development of the relations between our two countries de-
pends on personal contact with our statesmen.

President Houphouet-Boigney has twice travelled to the Federal Republic of Ger-
many, and Mr Heinrich Lubke, second president of the Federal Republic of Germany,
was the first European chief of staff to make an official visit to this young
Ivory. Coast republic.

Our governments carry on fruitful contacts in international organizations and
have exchanged visits in numerous areas of activity.

33



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT PLANNED-~The director of the department of natural re-
sources, Mr Melville Reid, says a major hydroelectric project is to be under-
taken at Batoka Gorge on the Zambezi River, between Kariba and Victoria Falls.
Mr Reid says the Batoka Gorge was chosen because the dam project would not
affect as many people as it would had the project been undertaken at Mutapa
Gorge. [Text] [MB250845 Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 24 Dec
83]

MINIMUM WAGE REGULATIONS VIOLATED--The secretary general of the Zimbabwe
Agriculture and Plantation Workers Union, Comrade Dixon Ndawana, says black
farmers in Zimbabwe are the worst violators of the minimum wage regulations
in the agricultural sector. Comrade Ndawana told THE HERALD yesterday that
the new minimum wage of 55 dollars per month is not being paid, and urged the
government to take stern measures against the culprits. He said his union is
compiling a list of those employers who violate the regulations and continue
to exploit the workers in the agricultural sector, Comrade Ndawana also
claimed that pupils at farm schools are forced to work in the fields in the
morning and attend classes in the afternoon, [Text] [MB230750 Harare Domes—
tic Service in English 0600 GMT 23 Dec 83]

DENMARK AID AGREEMENT--Zimbabwe and Denmark have signed a 2.2 million dollar
accord for the continuation of the school reconstruction program in the country.
The agreement was signed by the deputy minister of finance, economic planning
and development, Comrade Chimbidzai Sanyangare, and the Danish ambassador to
Zimbabwe, Mr (Neil Julius Lassen), in Harare yesterday. The -accord is a
follow-up to a similar agreement signed last May. Comrade Sanyangare thanked
the Danish Government for its aid to Zimbabwe and noted that the full recon-
struction program is almost completed. Mr (Lassen) said the Danish Government
will continue to assist Zimbabwe in all its development. [Text] [MB311154
Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 30 Dec 83]

cso: 3400/461 _ Ew -

73



Finally, the visit of President Karl Carstens should show how the Federal Repub-
lic values the maintenance of these relations with the Ivory Coast and the im-
portance it gives to the pursuit and intensification of the dialogue with the
Ivory Coast Government on matters affecting our two countries in particular and
the world in general.

[Question] In the economic recovery effort being undertaken by the Ivory Coast
Government, may substantial aid from your government be expected?

[Answer] Ever since the independence of your country, that is to say for 23
years, the Ivory Coast and Federal Republic of Germany have been working to-
gether. During this period, the federal German government has given the Ivory
Coast credits totaling DM 458.2 million, or about 50 billion CFA francs.
Since the first oil price shock in 1973-74, these credits have been provided
on extremely favorable terms, i.e., for 50 years with a 10-year grace period
and an annual interest rate of .75 percent.

In addition, my country has helped the Ivory Coast by providing personnel and
materials in the area of technical assistance. The projects financed or co~
financed by the Federal Republic of Germany are, for.the most part, in the
agricultural sector, especially in animal production, as well as in the forma-
tion and promotion of industrial cooperation. The German contribution, insofar
as technical assistance is concerned, amounts to DM 110.3 million for the 23
years of your independence, or about 12 billion CFA francs. This was in the
form of grants.

From these figures, you will see that my government regards the Ivory Coast
as a favored partner in Africa.

There is no reason for my government's position to change, even if the amounts
available for our bilateral economic cooperation program cannot be maintained
at the present level, owing to the unfavorable world outlook. To borrow a
phrase from your distinguished president.

[Question] In what new sectors of our economy does the German: Government in-
tend to invest?

{Answer] First of all, I should tell you that the German government does not
itself invest. We adhere to liberal ideas in our economic system. Thus, it is
individuals and private enterprises that make our economy work.

Insofar as private German investments in the Ivory Coast are concerned, I must
admit that they are still modest. It is a question of some enterprises in the
forestry sector, tropical flowers, processing of tropical fruit and, more re-
cently, in the automobile sector. In addition, our development association,
DEG, which is an organism partially funded by the German government, is parti-
cipating in the BIDI and the BNDA, as well as in some of the enterprises

already mentioned. .

[Question] For what purposes has German aid been provided in recent years?

34



SOUTH AFRICA

JOHANNESBURG COMMENTS ON LESOTHO ELECTION PLANS
MB300753 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 29 Dec 83

[Text] From Lesotho today the good and the bad news: the good news, we hope,
is that a general election is to be held in the country soon, according to
Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan. ‘The bad news is that members of the Lesotho
police have searched the home and offices of the leader of the opposition
United Democratic Party, Mr Charles Mofeli.

This follows his expulsion from the Lesotho National Assembly because of an
interview with him which was broadcast and screened by the South African

Broadcasting Corporation [SABC]. Certainly the facts show that Mr Mofeli's
treatment by the Jonathan government has been both undemocratic and unfair.

The motion calling for Mr Mofeli's expulsion from the National Assembly was
introduced by Foreign Minister Evaristus Sekhonyana and claimed inter alia that
he had said in the interview that Lesotho provided military bases to the ANC
and thereby invited foreign intervention. In fact, Mr Mofeli had not said
that Lesotho provided military bases to the ANC. He merely said that such a
suspicion existed in South Africa, that it was impossible to check on the
clandestine activities of the ANC, and that it would therefore be a good idea
to remove them to other countries. Foreign Minister Sekhonyana himself told
the SABC in an interview that it would be naive to discount the possibility
that the ANC was involved in subversive acts in South Africa originating in
Lesotho, but that this was being done clandestinely.

If guilt is to be allocated, therefore, then he is as guilty. as Mr Mofeli in
inviting so-called foreign intervention. Certainly events indicate that the
Jonathan government is fighting with its back against the wall, and if truly
fair and free elections are held, there is no guarantee that the government
will be returned to power. However, the last election was aborted by Chief
Jonathan when it became clear that he was losing. So from strong political
opposition, the Jonathan government has also been severely criticized by the
Catholic Church because of its relations with communist states. This church
represents about 40 percent of the nation.

And finally, Chief Jonathan has done little to improve the country’s economy
and, in fact, his actions and attitudes towards South Africa have resulted in

blows to the economy because of steps taken by South Africa along the country's
common border. With more than 50 percent of Lesotho's labor forces employed

in this country, good relations. are essential for the welfare of the Basuto
people. These are indeed trying times for the Jonathan government.

cso: 3400/462 49



At first, there was some idea that the functions of the enterprise would include

the purchase of coffee from the territorial enterprises and other producing companies.
The idea. did not prevail because, in this form, we would be setting up another

huge structure, requiring a fleet of trucks and other vehicles capable of meeting

the responsibility of traveling all over the country to buy the coffee, [which

would be difficult], particularly in a country like ours where the distances

are nothingto joke about and the access roads leave much to be desired.

As it is now, each production enterprise will be responsible for delivering
the coffee to the coastal port corresponding to its geographic zone, to be
sold there.

The Domestic Trade Ministry will have a role to play in this regard, because
it is infact the national agency which is really suited to this activity.

Ultimately, it will all depend on transport, which is the big problem in this
entire process. For example, the territorial enterprises will naturally see
their efforts go down the drain if, after everythng (growing, harvesting, the
initial processing), they do not have the transportation available to deliver
the coffee to the warehouses on the coast where CAFANGOL--and, naturally, the
payment for their labors--are waiting for them.

Investment To Bolster the New Structures

By its specific economic characteristics, the coffee sector has the capacity

to bring in considerable sums in foreign exchange, so it is urgent that the
sector functions at capacity, particularly because of the problems we are exper-
iencing and considering our almost total dependence on foreign markets.

It is a fact that all the economic sectors which bring in hard currency should
have priority among the priorities.

With the material and technical problems which confront the coffee sector, the
reorganization project could be seriously threatened if the problems are not
solved, and to do this with the speed which the moment demands means resorting
to international assistance.

It is clear that the recovery of the nation's coffee sector, defined by the

First Extraordinary Congress of the MPLA-Labor Party as the top priority of

the national economy, means not only the ordering of immediate efforts, namely
continued effort to recover the plantations, but also developing action to raise
the production and productivity rates and to insure the progressive improvement

of the living conditions of the workers in the coffee-growing regions, specifically
of all the workers in the state economic units.

To this end, the Ministry of Agriculture ha s taken a series of actions to chan-
nel international aid to the coffee séctor, particularly food aid and support
for the productive and social infrastructures.

The World Food Program [WFP] has already guaranteed to supply essential foodstuffs
to six territorial enterprises for a period of 5 years.

22



G@eie revealed a "lack of political perspective” and was a "conscious attempt"
te sabotage AZAPO's political struggle.

Mate action had led AZAPO to believe "open warfare" had been declared on the
"eppressed and exploited” people and there was no question as to who was on the
reeeiving end when the white community prospered at the expense of millions of
bhecks.

CBO: 3400/462

52



SOUTH AFRICA

ELDERLY RHODESIAN EMIGRES ENCOUNTER PROBLEMS
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 11 Nov 83 p 11
[Article by Nic Oosthuizen: "Old Rhodesians Do Not Get Jobs in South Africa"]

[Text] Springs--Old Rhodesians who have already attained the age of 55 and
over are finding it extremely difficult to get jobs in South Africa, especially
because in many instances their qualifications are not being recognized here.
This is what Chris Dewe, a member of the main administration of the Rhodesian—
South African Association, has told DIE VADERLAND.

Tonight the East Rand branch of the association is holding its annual
gathering and dance at the Club Shalom nearby the Ostrich Tea House for
the aged at the Dunnotar side of Springs.

Mr Dewe said that even a 55 year old man, who has worked all his life as
a bookkeeper in Rhodesia, is unable to get a job in South Africa. These
people are being sustained by the association.

Still other older Rhodesians who are having a hard time finding jobs are
joiners whose qualifications are not being recognized heré...and there are
also former clerks who must count on the kindness of families and friends.

Mr Dewe said: "We are not asking for charity for our people. We ask only
for an opportunity for these people to demonstrate what they can do. We are
asking only for an equal opportunity in the job market."

According to Mr Dewe there are about 14 clubs for older Rhodesians in South
Africa and they are now negotiating to unite. A number of new clubs are also
in various stages of formation.

"Of the 270,000 whites who lived in Rhodesia there are definitely about
180,000 of them left. The most important task of our association is to
help these people to establish themselves in South Africa and to find work
for them. We are finding ‘the attitude of employers here to be very
positive...with the exception of cases involving middle aged people, as I
have already mentioned."

61



Briefs
EEC Cotton Campaign Grant

GUINEA

Political Bureau Communique on Relief Efforts
(Conakry Domestic Service, 28 Dec 83)..ccccseceeece

Toure Chairs Joint Party-Government Meeting
(Conakry Domestic Service, 30 Dec 83)...ceseseeceee

Briefs
USSR Aids Earthquake Victims

IVORY COAST

FRG Ambassador Discusses Bilateral Relations, Cooperation
(FRATERNITE MATIN, 22, 24 Nov 83)...sesees

MALI
Goukouni Meets With Traore, Gives Interview
(Bamako Domestic Service, 21 Dec 83)..csccccceeceee
MOZAMB IQUE
FO4 Reforestation Project Ensures Country's Future Wood
Supply
(Rogerio Sitoe; NOTICIAS, various dates). ..ceceeeee
Progress Underway
Production of Charcoal, Firewood
Workers Benefit
Photos Published
SENEGAL

Minister Says Food Situation Between Harvests To Be
Difficult
(Ibrahima Fall; LE SOLEIL, 24 Nov 83).ccccccesccceee
SIERRA LEONE

Daily Comments on Japan 'Exploiting' African Countries
(AFP, 24 Dec 83) .ecccecceccssecceccencececsenceeesees

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg Comments on Lesotho Election Plans
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 29 Dec 83)..cececeeee

-b-

28

29

31

32

33

37

39

45

48

49



ee

He confirmed that in this regard "the workers' dedication is generally satis-
factory. It would be very sad if we did not begin the campaign because of a
lack of rain. So that, in the final analysis, the rain has the last work,"
said the project director.

Production of Charcoal, Firewood
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 14 Nov 83 p 1
[Article by Rogerio Sitoe]

[Text] Considerable amounts of charcoal and firewood are currently being ,
furnished to Dondo District and some areas of the city of Beira by the Sofala
Forestry Plantation Project, "FO4." In some areas, this has helped minimize
the shortage of these wood fuels that have recently been in great demand.

According to what our reporters learned from Braz Junior, the chief of the FO4
project's technical department, charcoal production is the result of making

complete use of the wood products being obtained from cutting down the present
forest to make way for reforestation with eucalyptus and other kinds of trees.

Charcoal is being produced in both FO4 units where reforestation will take
place this year. The goal for charcoal production is merely an estimate based
on the areas and the type of forest that now exist where the cutting is taking
place.

Once again, according to the information Braz Junion gave us, it is calculated
that 2,500 cubic meters of firewood will be cut and 500 tons of charcoal pro-
duced in the 500 hectare area scheduled for reforestation this year.

Moreover, it is known that the firewood harvesting goal has already been
surpassed (103 percent) while it is acknowledged, "with great optimism,"
that there is a possibility charcoal production will reach its target because
"there is a lot of wood in the field."

Charcoal is produced daily (weather permitting) in traditional ovens. Each
oven produces an average of 25 to 30 sacks of charcoal which corresponds to 20
cubic meters of stacked wood. The project's workers are the first to benefit

“from this production, mainly in the form of firewood. A part of the charcoal

is sent to Dondo District, near the production sites, and the other smaller
part is shipped to the city of Beira.

According to what our reporters learned, the workets ate striving to increase
charcoal production this month and next in order to suppoy Dondo and part of
Beira with this wood fuel because of the coming holiday. season. According to
the project director, the distribution and marketing will be under the respon-
sibility of a provincial government or party agency designated for this.

The city of Beira, like the nation's capital, is facing serious problems ob-

taining supplies of charcoal which has recently become the fuel most used by
people because there is no cooking gas.

41



MOZAMBIQUE

FO4 REFORESTATION PROJECT ENSURES COUNTRY'S FUTURE WOOD SUPPLY
Progress Underway

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 12 Nov 83 p 1

[Article by Rogerio Sitoe]

[Text] The FO4 project to reforest about 20,000 hectares in
the region between Dondo and Muanza District, Sofala Province,
with eucalyptus and several native species is currently show-
ing genuine progress with the completion of 534 hectares.
Company Director Inacio Abreu, who provided our newspaper
with this report, revealed that the project will be galvan-
ized, starting this year, by the arrival of more mid-level
forestry technicians and by improvements in the workers'
social conditions.

It is expected that the 500 hectares scheduled for planting
this year will be surpassed.

The Sofala Forestry Plantation project, "FO4," is part of the MONAP and its
main purpose is to create suitable conditions for supplying the Sofala region
with wood fuels, particularly firewood, charcoal and lumber, in 5 years.

The "FO4" project, which is bound by the Savane and Chone Rivers in an area
extending approximately 20,000 hectares, is made up of two production units.

One unit is located in Inhamizua and the other in "Milha Oito." The project
includes 537 workers, 8 low level technicians, 3 mid level forestry technicians,
1 agronomist and 1 FAO specialist.

The plantation areas have been slowing growing since the beginning of the re-
forestation program in 1981. The work slowed down during the second year of
the project. In this manner, eucalyptus trees were planted on 100, 54 and 370
hectares of land in 1980, 1981 and 1982 respectively. It is envisioned that
this year's program will surpass the 500 hectares scheduled for planting by 30
percent.

Thanks to a better arrangement and internal organization of workers in all
sectors, the possibility is growing annually that the enterprise: will be more

39



The committee has already met on several occasions.

During the referendum campaign government speakers put emphasis on the fact
that the new constitution did not exclude political development and other
developments for blacks.

On 10 June of this year, Dr Koornhof, in opening Lebowa's legislative
assembly, stated that the committee's work is "a logical extension and
progressive intensification of a process which has continued for years."
He invited black leaders to come forth with proposals and to help in the
search for ingenious solutions for complicated problems.

7964
cso: 3401/28

64



Angola has been consummated and its principal abettors remain shamefully
unpunished among us.

Let us therefore hear the leaders of the Angolan opposition. We do not fear
what they have to tell us. In the past, to be sure, they have been guilty of
errors and injustices against us. They are ever today at the mercy of divisive
maneuvers from which the real enemy will not desist. Angolans and Portuguese,
however, need to know where the real enemies of peace and harmony are to be
found. :

One must criticize those who are today parading in deceitful "peace marches"
but who do not hesitate to unleash hatred, intolerance and warfare among human
beings who--although of different races--were living a common destiny as
brothers and sisters.

Angolan Opposition Muzzled

We do not want a bloodbath in Luanda, and we believe the Portuguese Government
might in fact help us avoid it."

The person who in a calm voice made this statement to us was Mateus dos Santos,
spokesman of the FNLA and a citizen exercising his rights who attempted several
days ago to present to reporters some ideas concerning the situation in his
country but was prevented from doing so because some Portuguese journalists--
undoubtedly among the most vociferous advocates of press freedom--took the un-
usual step of denouncing him to the ambassador of the People's Republic of
Angola in Lisbon. This diplomat thereupon lodged a protest with the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs against the action of the FNLA spokesman, forgetting that
only a short time previously the representative of the official Angolan news
agency had gone from one place to another in Lisbon (without interference from
anyone) asking for "understanding" on the part of the Portuguese newspapers for
the Marxist regime installed there. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs then
reportedly contacted the Ministry of Internal Administration, following which a
veritable orchestrated campaign was mounted to prevent the Angolan opposition
from contacting the Portuguese press. The "muzzle" was applied, in this "land
of April," and the agents of the Angolan secret police even had the insolence
to "monitor" implementation of the repressive measures against these patriots
who were attempting to inform public opinion of the grave events relative to
the explosive situation in that former Portuguese overseas province.

Several of the spokesmen who had attempted to meet with Portuguese newsmen were
also approached openly on the street by some of the newsmen. Incredible as it
may seem, however, even this informal conversation was denounced--as though we
were living in one of the Soviet bloc countries, where each citizen spies on
those who are closest to him. Many of the statements made by the members of the
Angolan opposition were distorted by the press, and certain journalists (of
very definite political tendencies) behaved like accusers--like real buffoons--
thereby bringing shame to an entire profession. If the political situation
were reversed, the same persons who conspired to impede and compromise this
encounter would be vehemently inveighing against such an attack "on freedom of
expression" and against any such obstruction "of journalists' freedom of
action." Accordingly, since their task is to conceal the real situation pre-
vailing in Angola and Mozambique (so that the Portuguese will not realize that

9



SOUTH AFRICA

AZAPO ISSUES NEW YEAR'S MESSAGE
MB291149 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 29 Dec 83 p 2
[Article by Chris Freimond]

[Text] The Azanian People's Organization [AZAPO] has given notice in its. new
year message that it will stop at nothing in its fight for the repossession of
South Africa and the transfer of power to the rightful owners -- black people.

The coming year and the years ahead would demand of blacks the strengthening
of their organisations and the fighting "of all manifestations of ruling class
ideologies."

"We want the world to know that there will be no grievances redressed until
such time that our land has been regained," the message said.

Black "emancipation" would be ensured only when "imperialist interests. and
aggression are forced into retreat."

"As they prepare for more repression, so must we prepare to resist."

The South African authorities "mistakenly" believed the resistance of the
"oppressed" people in the country was orchestrated from abroad when its
impetus was a fact to be found in internal repression, racial discrimination
and exploitation.

However, AZAPO said while "state violence" escalated on the one hand and
"genuine and progressive" efforts increased on the other, "forces of reaction
and political opportunism are rearing their heads."

"We again find ourselves going back into the era of petitions and deputations
from organisations which are supposed to be "progressive.' That can be
described as nothing else but ‘political nostalgia.'

There is no need to negate all lessons we have learnt in the past," AZAPO's
message said.

In an attack on the National Union of South African Students (NUSAS), AZAPO

said it was not surprising to find the "so-called 'radical' white students"
in the organization pleading with university administration to.."ban spying."

51



Dr Willem Odendaal, the Free State MP appointee who has a broad experience
in election campaigns, says that evidently there was a great deal of lying
on the part of the "no" voters. While the Nationalist Party's canvassing
and street work indicated consistently that a 65 percent "yes" vote was
possible Mr Gustav Claassen, the KP's chief communiéations officer in the
Free State, predicted that the "not votes would get a 54 percent majority
in the Free State.

What became very clear is that a predominant number of Free State University
students voted in favor of the new constitution. Dr Odendaal said that the
polls taken by the Nationalist Party show that about 80 percent of the
students placed a "x" on the "yes" vote.

Mr Wynard Breytenbach, the MP for Kroonstad, says that he is convinced that
in the end the undecided vote swung in favor of the "yes" vote. There must
have been a large number of people who lied about their "no" vote.

Some of the people who did vote "no" are troubled by such things as the
price of corn, fertilizers, etc.

One of the greatest plus factors on the “yes" side was the honest and frank
manner in which supporters of the new constitution presented their case
and did not even try to obscure the fact that the coloreds and Indians are
going to be admitted into the new cabinet.

Banner

Mr Piet Clase, the MP for Virginia said that in his constituency a large
number of Mine Workers Union members voted "no" because of actions taken
by the union's chief secretary, Mr Arrie Paulus.

Mr Paulus, who sometimes acted under the banner of the HNP and then again
under the banner of the KP, frightened members of tha Mine Workers Union
with all sorts of misrepresentations. Among other things he told the
mineworkers that the coloreds.and the Indians will be deciding on the
working conditions of white mineworkers jointly with the whites when

the new order is instituted.

Mr Clase said that Dr Treurnicht's address proved to havea great reaction
in his constituency as well, while Dr Van Zyl Slabbert's approaching Chief
Gatsha Buthelezi antagonized the English speakers.

Dr Louis van der Watt, the MP for Bloemfontein-East, said that street
operations in his constituency showed that there was a 75 percent "yes"
vote and that the "no" voters were mostly people who had grievances which
had nothing to do with the constitution.

Honest

Prime minister Botha's honest approach and his strong leadership were
strong factors in favor of the "yes" vote, while the responsible manner in

57



Ruestion/ Journalists know that UNITA occupies approximately two-thirds of
Angolan territory, that it controls very extensive areas in the south, and
that it is also nearing the "gates" of Luanda. Why would UNITA not partici-
pate in this agreement? .

Zinswer7 It is premature to answer, but we have reason to hope that the good
news to that effect will not be long in coming. We are prepared to enter into
dialogue with all factions--even with the MPLA, for we know that an increasing
number of its supporters are disenchanted with the failure of the Marxist
system imposed on Angola. There are many dissenters, and it is not our inten-
tion to shunt them aside. Angola will have to be rebuilt with the help of all
us Angolans, and this will naturally be construed to include those Portuguese
who were born there and those who lived there long enough for them also to
regard it as their country. You are well aware that this entire tragedy began
with Alvor; and we weren't the ones who brought it about. We also remained on
the outside...

Role of the Communists

Ruestion/ There is talk of "international communism''--which was so well
served by the way the "decoloniz«tion" process was carried out--and of the
efforts that the PC continues to make in an attempt to keep the "picture"
unchanged.

[faswer/ The communists have no illusions, however. They know that the MPLA
exercises its authority only in the urban areas where it has promoted citizens
who have suddenly--and without the necessary conditions--risen to positions
which they were not prepared to assume. Sort of like your "hothouse" gener-
als.... And yet it is these privileged individuals who are keeping the party
‘machinery" going, even though they realize that they are fenced off--com-
pletely isolated--from the Angolan people. Portugal should give this situa-
tion serious consideration, although we realize that it is currently engaged
in dialogue with the Luanda regime. It would be useful, however--while not
overlooking the short-term situation--for Portuguese governmental authorities
already to be considering dialogue with the forces that will inevitably take
charge of Angola's destiny. We need Portugal, but your country also needs
Angola; no one should forget this. The future is being prepared today.

Ruestion/ You tell us that there are people in the MPLA who are dissatisfied.
Can you be more precise?

Our interviewees take turns speaking, but their views are
revealed to be identical; we therefore see no objection to
transforming the three into one hypothetical conversational
partner who thereby becomes the symbol of the agreement
toward which everyone is working.

Zinswer7 Although a substantial percentage of the MPLA cadres have already
Teached the conclusion that dialogue with the opposition is inevitable, there
also exists the so-culled "hard-line," supported by a spurious military elite.
This elite is composed of combatants who waged guerrilla warfare in the

11



JPRS-SSA-84-005

13 January 1984

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

CoNTENTS

ANGOLA
Namibe Province Development, Production Figures
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 18 Nov 83).cceccccesecccecnscece 1
UNITA’ Fighters Surrender in Various Areas
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 23, 25 Nov 83)..cceccscccesccees 5
In Huambo
In Moxico

Opposition Discusses Deteriorating Domestic Conditions
(O DIABO, 1 Nov 83) .cececcccccccccccccscccccesencce 8

Railway Bridge Rebuilt, In Operation
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 3 Nov 83) .cecccsccvccceeccccevee 15

Reactivation’. of CIMANGOLA Cement Enterprise Explained
(Joao Henriques Garcia; JORNAL DE ANGOLA,

3 NOV 83) .scecscscccccsccccccccscecsccscscssssseere 17

Country Presents Coffee Goals to International Coffee

Organization

(Telmo Augusto; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 18 Nov 83)....... 20

Briefs
MPLA Youth Wing Election 24
Portuguese Oil Company Withdraws 24
Two Sentenced for Economic Sabotage 24
Cooperation With Portuguese SISMET 25

CHAD

Outcome of Negotiations Among Various Factions ‘Uncertain’

(LE MONDE, 27-28 Nov 83)..cccccccccvcccsccccccccecs 26
-a- (IIL - NE & A - 120]



GUINEA

BRIEFS

USSR AIDS EARTHQUAKE VICTIMS--The executive committee of the Soviet Red Cross
and Red Crescent has decided to send to Guinea 1,000 kilos of drugs, 1,000
blankets, 1,000 tins of baby food, afd some tents in aid of the families

affected by the recent earthquake. [Text] [AB300948 Conakry Domestic
Service in French 0645. GMT 30 Dec 83]

CSO: 3419/278

32



ANGOLA

COUNTRY PRESENTS COFFEE GOALS TO INTERNATIONAL COFFEE ORGANIZATION

Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 18 Nov 83 p 3

[Article by Telmo Augusto: "The Great Need of the Sector," reprinted from
REVISTA NOVEMBRO]

[Text] The fourth International Coffee Convention (CIC) ofthe
International Coffee Organization (OIC) went into effect on
1 October 1983 and will remain in effect until 1989.

This document represents a step forward from the previous
agreements of 1976, 1968 and 1962, reflecting the progress
in 20 years of international cooperation in the coffee area,
throughout which, in continuing harmony, the representatives
of producer and consumer countries have been accustomed to
distinguish between what is feasible and what is utopian and
to overcome the differences which constantly threaten to
divide them.

The case of the People's Republic of Angola [RPA] with regard

to the new international agreement was analyzed in detail. The
document gave special treatment to Angola; it will increase its
export quota to the extent that its production capacity is restored
until it recovers the share of the market which was granted. to

it in the 1976 agreement.

In 1981/1982, the RPA used its quota of 498,000 sacks. For the
1982/1983 period, as planned, it requested and was granted an
initial quota of 500,000 sacks, which could be increased to
600,000 sacks if it turns out that our country can achieve this
level of exportation to the OIC member countries.

This year, Angola should indicate to the OIC the quota which it
intends to use in the 1983/1984 coffee year, based on its export
plan:.for this year, consistent with its capacity.

Coffee; a naturally bitter product, and one which we need more than sugar for
our energies, In our determined and decided wager on the independent future
of our economy, the foreign exchange from coffee exports plays an important
role, which is not always accurately measured”in practice, but which

20



NOTE

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newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
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sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last Line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
ven by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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2) At least 25 sacks of charcoal will be produced here.

3) Conditions exist for the FO4 project.to begin a decisive reforestation
phase. We make firewood and charcoal from the cut timber.

4) This forest will be cleared in order to begin reforesting with seedlings
that will later be used to produce charcoal and firewood.

5) Some social conditions were created for the FO4 project workers.

6) The nurseries where it is expected thousands of plants, such as eucalyptuses
and other tree species, will be grown.

7) The cutting advances in order to prepare the land for eucalyptuses.

9935
CSO: 3443/67

44



CHAD

BRIEFS

EEC COTTON CAMPAIGN GRANT-~The European Communities are granting financial
support of more than 1.2 billion CFA francs to Chad's 1984-85 cotton campaign.
After a favorable opinion from the European Development Fund (EDF) committee,
the European Communities Commission has decided to finance the input require-
ments (fertilizer, insecticides, etc.) for the 1984-85 cotton campaign for
the rotation cropping of 40,000 hectares of cotton in agricultural productiv-
ity in the Sudanese area of Chad. Taking into account the urgency of acquir-
ing means of production, this constitutes a preliminary measure for implement-
ing new Community interventions in the region for a total amount of 4.7 billion
CFA francs. The project is. included in the fifth EDF program concluded last
May between the Chadian Government and the European Communities for a total
amount of 21 billion CFA francs, not including Community support in the field
of food aid and emergency assistance. [Text] [Ndjamena INFO TCHAD in French
23 Nov 83 p 7] 9434

cso: 3419/223

28



MALI

GOUKOUNI MEETS WITH TRAORE, GIVES INTERVIEW
4B222030 Bamako Domestic Service in French 2015 GMT 21 Dec 83

[Excerpts] The president of the republic today received in audience President
Goukouni Oueddei, chairman of the Transitional National Union Government
{cUNT]. The audience took place this afternoon at 1400 just after the
cabinet meeting. The GUNT chairman arrived in Bamako at the head of an
important delegation consisting of two members of the GUNT and several high
ranking officials who took part in the Lagos accord meeting. The private
talks, which were attended by cabinet members, focused in particular on the
preparedness expressed by Goukouni Oueddei to leave no stone unturned in

the search for a negotiated solution to the Chadian problem during the round-
table conference to take place on 9 January in Addis Ababa under the auspices
of the OAU.

Goukouni Oueddei, who described the situation in Chad, expressed the desire
to receive the wise advice of President Moussa Traore before the roundtable
conference in Addis Ababa. The talks were held in presence of Mohamed
Agamani, secretary for external relations of the Central Executive Bureau

of the party; Alioune Blondin Beye, minister of external affairs and inter-
national cooperation; and Sheick Sadibou Kane, acting for the secretary
general to the Presidency of the Republic. Goukouni Oueddei, who had earlier
visited Congo and Benin, will ga to Algiers after his trip to Bamako.

Folowing the audience, Goukouni Oueddei told our reporter, Thomas Mathieu
Kone, that he is prepared’to meet Hissein Habre for a negotiated solution
to the crisis:

[Begin recording] [Goukouni] You know very well that President Moussa
Traore is one of the wisest heads of state of Africa. Because of this, we
have come to Bamako'to hold talks with him, to explain to him in detail the
developments in our situation, and to receive from him wise advice that,
in our view, is salutory advice that should certainly enable us to find a
solution at the forthcoming meeting between the Chadian factions in Addis

‘Ababa on 9 January. In fact, our discussions centered on these issues and

we explained them to him and he answered us frankly and sincerely as a brother
and as a wiseman of Africa who is concerned about the tragedy of the Chadian
people who hope that Chad will regain peace and stability. The Chadian people,
like the Malian people, aspire to peace and tranquility.

37



Other negotiations are in the final stages with the French Central Bank for
Econome Cooperation, to obtain financing for the purchase of. various equipment
to provide some territorial enterprises with the essential technical and material
conditions for their full functioning. The companies to receive this financing
are the same companies that are being assisted by the WFP.

Meanwhile, to coordinate all the negotiations for aid to the sector and the
subsequent channeling of the material to the various companies, the Project
Management Committee for the Recovery of the Coffee Sector was created, within
the Commission for Reorganization of ENCAFE. This is a temporary committee,
which will see to the execution of the projects in progress and those which:are
not yet in the negotiating stage, without, however, jeopardizing the necessary
unity of action and the continuity of short-, medium- and long range actions.

In summary, the coffee-growing sector merits and should receive the greatest
attention in this initial phase of the newly created structures, to give the
territorial enterprises the means essential to their operation.

Recourse to international financing is, for now, the great opportunity, and
we must take proper advantage of it.

What has been accomplished to date represents a tiny distance in the sea of huge
needs which the coffee sector is:attempting to navigate.

6362
CSO: 3442/80

23



The same source noted that Bernardo Sautali appeared to be the main instigator

of the subversive action. in Sacassange District. Taking advantage of his position
as head’man in the area, he created clandestine counter-revolutionary

propaganda cells among the people, to discredit the political line of the MPLA~
Labor Party.

ANGOP was told that Machal Sayomi operated in Cazombo Municipio and [portion
of text illegible] asa "witch doctor," he used to treat a certain Lieutenant
Colonel Jalema.

6362
CSO: 3442/80



SOUTH AFRICA

CONSTITUTION:. BUTHELEZI SEEN TURNING TO EXTREMISM
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 11 Nov 83 pil7
[Article by Victor Munnik: What Role Does Inkatha Actually Have?"

[Excerpt] In the heat of the referendum struggle Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi
threatened to move closer to the ANC [African National Congress] in the
event that the "yes" voters prevailed. Moreover, two weeks ago a
Johannesburg afternoon newspaper quoted a "senior Inkatha leader" as saying
that Inkatha conducted discussions with the ANC and PAC [Pan Africanist
Congress] in Botswanaxat the insistence of these two banned political
organizations.

DIE VADERLAND undertook to talk with professors and politicians in order to
ascertain what the leader of Inkatha meant by his proposal of a "marriage
of convenience" with the ANC. Reportedly Inkatha is 800,000 members strong.

According to Dr Philip Frankel of the University of Witwatersrand, the
important question is whether on its part the ANC would be willing to
cooperate with the chief minister of KwaZulu.

While. the ANC does recognize the importance of Chief Buthelezi and Inkatha
it still continues to view homelands leaders as marionettes and creations
of the South African government.

This raises the basic question about Chief Buthelezi's real objectives in
politics: loyalties.

If Inkathat actually moves closer to the ANC and starts to provide evidence
of this. the government will then have a thorny problem in its hands,
according to Mr Lodge. First of all Inkatha is a very large organization
and sedondly, it is very closely involved in the homelands system.

Dr Hennie Kotze, of the Rand Afrikaans University, stated that this is not
the First time that Chief Buthelezi has made this threat.

But this is really in sharp contrast with the foiled attack on his life,

believed to have been made by the ANC and with the arms depots established
near the KwaZulu capital of Ulundi.

59



SENEGAL

MINISTER SAYS FOOD SITUATION BETWEEN HARVESTS TO BE DIFFICULT
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 24 Nov 83 p 3

Jarticle by Ibrahima Fall: "Results of the WFP Evaluation Mission:
The Period Between Harvests Will be Hard'"'/

fExcerpts/ This year's harvest has been one of the most catastrophic
that Senegal has known. Not only did the rains come late but they were .
capricious in their volume and their distribution. The situation is so
catastrophic that it would be better to speak of no harvest at all.

The people and the livestock are thus at the center of concern,

It is necessary to hasten multi-form assistance in order to prevent
irremediable scarcity and famine.

Yesterday, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the minister of rural
development made a new and urgent appeal to the international community,
requesting assistance to bridge the efforts undertaken by the government.
This was on the occasian of the food coordination meeting between the
goovernment and the donors. At the meeting, the report of the WFP on
the 1982-83 harvest was examined,

This mission is following up the request made of the director of the
WFP. The program of the evaluation mission covered both the farming
and the pasture situations. The mission thus went into the River,
Louga, Diourbel, and Thies regions.

Upon opening the meeting, the minister of rural development congratulated
the mission on the quality of its work and the pertinence of its
analyses. Sketching a succinct picture of the farming situation,

Amadou Bator Diop indicated that this year's final ploughing before
winter was characterized by a catastrophic grain shortage and by a

poor reconstitution of the pasture land.

He pointed out that the average grain production is 650,000 tons, while
this year's estimate is for 515,000 tons gross, with food needs
reaching 1,242,000 tons, "which our import possibilities and the aid
promises received to date will not cover," The livestock has also
suffered from this lack of rain. The minister noted that it is in

45



Grain Situation

The mission estimates that the consumption needs for 1984 are for
815,000 tons of sorghum, 16,000 tons of corn, and 299,000 tons or
rice. The food aid confirmed or expected totals of 116,242 tons,
51,242 in emergency aid and 62,200 in programmed aid. As for the
overall grain situation, with a total need of 1,242,000 tons, it is
estimated that the available stocks are 10,000 tons, the available
production 314,000 tons, and the scheduled imports 414,000 tons,
thus leaving» a balance of 393,000 tons. Responding to questions
about the hardest-hit areas and the gravity of the deficit, the
members. of the commission said that Casamance has a deficit of 31
percent, the River and Louga 94 percent, Diourbel 76 percent, Thies
75 percent, Sine-Saloum 45 percent, and eastern Senegal 27 percent.

After the first phase, devoted to reading and discussing the report
of the evaluation mission, the minister of rural development invited
the representatives from countries and international organizations

to indicate how they plan to help our country make up, as soon as
possible, its food deficit. Thus, the representative of West Germany
reiterated the willingness of his government to assist Senegal. To
do so, he awaits the official request. As for the representative
from Italy, he announced the decision of his government to grant us
emergency aid in freeze-dried products. The French representative
reminded us of his country's aid of 5,000 tons of wheat, with further
deliveries to be scheduled. For his part, the USAID representative
repeated the decision of his organization to help absorb our deficit,
a decision made during the visit of the chief of state to the United
States. As for the EEC, it plans food aid of 23,800 tons of wheat
and 1,500 tons of powdered milk. This aid is expected next January
and February.

In closing the meeting, Bator Diop emphasized at length to the donors
the need to confirm the aid next 1 January so that it can be scheduled.

12368
CSO: 3419/232

47



the Marxist minority movements to which the "25 April" military and politi-
cians handed over power are now in their death throes), they were little
concerned by this unprecedented discrimination against citizens who were
merely attempting peacefully to expound their ideas and tell us about some of
their projects.

Somewhere in Lisbon

In view of the impossibility (given the conditions imposed) of our hearing
what the representatives of the Angolan opposition had to say to us, we
arranged a meeting with them "somewhere" in Lisbon. In this way we had an
opportunity to contact the spokesmen of the Angolan National Convergence, the
Angolan National Liberation Front (FNLA), and the Front for the Liberation of
the Cabinda Enclave (FLEC).

Before our conversation began, however, we had the pleasure of hearing--from
Africans of the black race--words of solidarity and assuagement vis-a-vis our

newspaper.

"OQ DIABO," they said, “was unjustly accused of racism. It is not surprising,
however, that the accusation came from the particular source from which it
came. We are perfectly aware that your courageous and independent struggle is
oriented not on the basis of skin color but on the basis of ‘ideological
color'.... The proof is to be found in the trust placed in you by those
Africans of the black race who desire the liberation of their respective
fatherlands--Angolan and Mozambican."

We were able to agree on various parameters, which one of our conversational
partners reinforced with a statement that we could not help but find moving:

"We are the first to acknowledge, moreover, that there are some whites--na~
tives of Angola who lived there for many years--who perhaps hold our country
even dearer than we do ourselves."

It was thus that we began a lengthy and enlightening conversation.

The Ban on the Meeting

“We have nothing against the Portuguese Government," our conversational partner
said. "It was truly regrettable that the meeting was prohibited, to be sure,
for we had important news to announce. We are peaceful citizens, without any
desire to exercise pressure on Portugal or harm it in any way. If we were
subject to the law governing political exiles, it would be understandable that
we be forbidden to make statements to the press--but such is not the case.
There were even some Portuguese citizens who were prepared to act as the inter-
preters of our message. Moreover, Portugal has succeeded in establishing rules
for democratic coexistence that are perfectly compatible with what we proposed
to do, namely to talk with the Portuguese newsmen and inform them that a proto-
col of agreement would soon be signed among three Angolan opposition movements:
the CNA, FNLA and FLEC. I suppose that this news will be of interest to you
Portuguese, because you have never dissociated yourselves from the plan for
Angola's recovery. No other people combine the ideal conditions for helping us
in this huge task that must be accomplished in order for Angola to be once
again a great nation."

10