F-1

APPENDIX F: NATIONAL ENERGY SAVINGS AND NATIONAL NET PRESENT

VALUE RESULTS

This appendix contains the complete set of national energy savings (NES) and national net

present value (NPV) results for all the standard levels analyzed for central air conditioners and heat

pumps. For details on the methodology used to calculate the NES and NPV refer to Chapter 7.

National energy savings are calculated by comparing the energy consumption associated with

central air conditioners or heat pumps in a base case with that in a specified standards case. The

following tables and figures show the results for each of the standards cases assessed in this analysis.

For each standards case two tables are presented. The first table shows cumulative energy savings

from the assumed effective date of the standard (2006) to the years 2010, 2020 and 2030. The

second table shows net present values (including energy savings and equipment cost) from 2006 to

2030 discounted at 7% real to the year 1998. Benefit-to-cost ratios are also presented. The

accompanying figure for each standard case shows the annual benefit-to-cost pattern of national

savings and costs resulting from standards over time. The heavy line running just below the energy

savings bars indicates the undiscounted net national consumer impact of standards over time. It is

important to note that the net saving shown in each plot only captures a snapshot of each year. For

example, the benefit of the energy savings from the equipment expenditure in year 2006 actually

continues through the lifetime of the central air conditioner or heat pump bought in 2006.

The four sections that follow present the NES and NPV results for each of the following four

primary product classes: split system central air conditioners, split system heat pumps, single

package central air conditioners, and single package heat pumps. The NES and NPV results are

based on the use of ARI manufacturer cost data. Only results are based on the NAECA efficiency

scenario and the AEO2000 Reference Case are presented. In each section, results are presented for

efficiency levels of 11 through 13 SEER and 18 SEER (i.e., “max tech”). 

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-2

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.45 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 1.04 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.1.1 Split A/C, 11 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 11 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 3.20 

 Total Equipment Cost 3.39 

 Net Present Benefit -0.19 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.94

Table F.1.2 Split A/C, 11 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.80

-0.60

-0.40

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.1 Split A/C, 11 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

F.1 SPLIT SYSTEM CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONERS

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-3

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.11 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.78 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 1.83 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.2.1 Split A/C, 12 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 12 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 5.73 

 Total Equipment Cost 7.06 

 Net Present Benefit -1.32 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.81

Table F.2.2 Split A/C, 12 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-1.50

-1.00

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.2 Split A/C, 12 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-4

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 1.09 1.09 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 2.57 2.57 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.3.1 Split A/C, 13 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 13 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 7.96 

 Total Equipment Cost 12.29 

 Net Present Benefit -4.33 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.65

Table F.3.2 Split A/C, 13 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-2.50

-2.00

-1.50

-1.00

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.3 Split A/C, 13 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-5

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.28 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 1.98 1.98 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 4.82 4.82 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.4.1 Split A/C, 18 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 18 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 9.40 

 Total Equipment Cost 25.10 

 Net Present Benefit -15.69 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.37

Table F.4.2 Split A/C, 18 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-5.00

-4.00

-3.00

-2.00

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.4 Split A/C, 18 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-6

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.19 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.45 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.5.1 Split HP, 11 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 11 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 1.18 

 Total Equipment Cost 0.75 

 Net Present Benefit 0.43 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 1.57

Table F.5.2 Split HP, 11 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.20

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.5 Split HP, 11 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

F.2 SPLIT SYSTEM HEAT PUMPS

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-7

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.81 0.81 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.6.1 Split HP, 12 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 12 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 2.17 

 Total Equipment Cost 1.70 

 Net Present Benefit 0.46 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 1.27

Table F.6.2 Split HP, 12 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.6 Split HP, 12 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-8

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.08 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 1.23 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.7.1 Split HP, 13 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 13 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 3.25 

 Total Equipment Cost 3.34 

 Net Present Benefit -0.09 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.97

Table F.7.2 Split HP, 13 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.80

-0.60

-0.40

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.7 Split HP, 13 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-9

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 1.04 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 2.52 2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.8.1 Split HP, 18 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 18 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Split H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 4.67 

 Total Equipment Cost 8.15 

 Net Present Benefit -3.48 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.57

Table F.8.2 Split HP, 18 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-2.00

-1.50

-1.00

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

Billion 1998 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.8 Split HP, 18 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-10

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 11 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.41 

 Total Equipment Cost 0.57 

 Net Present Benefit -0.16 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.72

Table F.9.2 Pack. A/C, 11 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.9.1 Pack. A/C, 11 SEER: Energy Savings

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.9 Package A/C, 11 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

F.3 SINGLE PACKAGE SYSTEM CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONERS

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-11

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.10.1 Pack. A/C, 12 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 12 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.71 

 Total Equipment Cost 0.90 

 Net Present Benefit -0.19 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.79

Table F.10.2 Pack. A/C 12 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.20

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure 10.1 Package A/C, 12 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-12

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.31 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.11.1 Pack. A/C, 13 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 13 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.95 

 Total Equipment Cost 1.81 

 Net Present Benefit -0.85 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.53

Table F.11.2 Pack. A/C, 13 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.11 Package A/C, 13 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-13

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.56 0.56 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.12.1 Pack. A/C, 18 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 18 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package A/C Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 1.02 

 Total Equipment Cost 3.21 

 Net Present Benefit -2.20 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.32

Table F.12.2 Pack. A/C, 18 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.70

-0.60

-0.50

-0.40

-0.30

-0.20

-0.10

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.12 Package A/C, 18 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-14

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.13.1 Pack. HP, 11 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 11 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.18 

 Total Equipment Cost 0.16 

 Net Present Benefit 0.03 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 1.17

Figure F.13.2 Pack. HP, 11 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.04

-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.13 Package HP, 11 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

F.4 SINGLE PACKAGE SYSTEM HEAT PUMPS

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-15

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.12 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.14.1 Pack. HP, 12 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 12 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.33 

 Total Equipment Cost 0.30 

 Net Present Benefit 0.03 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 1.09

Table F.14.2 Pack. HP, 12 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.14 Package HP, 12 SEER: Annual Costs and Savings

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-16

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.08 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.15.1 Pack. HP, 13 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 13 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.48 

 Total Equipment Cost 0.68 

 Net Present Benefit -0.20 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.71

Table F.15.2 Pack. HP, 13 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.15 Package HP, 13 SEER: Annual Costs and Savings

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311
F-17

Energy Saving in Quads

Total Elec Gas Oil LPG

from 2006

 to 2010 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2020 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00

 to 2030 0.36 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table F.16.1 Pack. HP, 18 SEER: Energy Savings

CAC/HP Standards in 2006: 18 SEER

Cost and Net Present Values (in billion 1998$)

Cumulative for Package H/P Purchased from 2006 to 2030

Discounted at 7% to year 1998

 Total Operating Savings 0.65 

 Total Equipment Cost 1.21 

 Net Present Benefit -0.56 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.54

Table F.16.2 Pack. HP, 18 SEER: Costs and Net Present Value

Cost and Saving of CAC/HP

-0.25

-0.20

-0.15

-0.10

-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

Billion 1997 Dollars

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Price Change

Operating Savings

Net Saving

Figure F.16 Package HP, 18 SEER: Annual Savings and Costs

 EE-RM-STD-98-440 COMMENT 311