Jean Claude de L'Estrac also emphasized the need for diplomatic overtures to be
made in the direction of the Arab world, the Scandinavian countries, Australia,
etc. The MMM/PSM will establish relations with Arab countries such as Iraq and
Algeria, in addition to Libya.

Regarding the United States, Jean Claude de L'Estrac stated that the PAN and
the PMSD [Mauritian Social Democratic Party] hold the view that our only hope
is to be found on the side of Washington. Now, recently the United States
decided not to buy our sugar. The United States is only concerned with its
own interests, and these interests do not necessarily coincide with those of
Mauritius, as the sugar affair shows.

An MMM/PSM government will not be bound either to the United States or to the
Soviet Union. This government will work for the interests of the country. If
Mauritius develops a serious network of foreign relations and diversifies its
contacts with Africa, the Arab countries, Australia, and is strengthened by the
support of the EEC, France, and India, the country will be able to obtain con-
siderable foreign aid while consolidating its independence and maintaining its
national dignity, the leader responsible for foreign affairs in the forthcoming
MMM/PSM government stated in conclusion.

5170
cso: 4719/1092

15



SIERRA LEONE

PETROL RATIONING HITS FREETOWN
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 11 Aug 82 pp 1, 7
[Article by David Lemon]

[Text] SIERRA Leone Petroleum Refining Company is facing an acute shortage
of crude oil. And at the moment, production at the refinery has been suspended.

But in an exclusive interview yesterday, the Deputy General Manager of the
Refinery, Mr. A. B. Koroma, said desperate efforts are being made by the Gov-
ernment and the Company to effect an early resumption of crude oil supplies.

He however indicated that the refinery had enough product to sustain regular
supply to marketing companies for some time.

Answering questions as to what may have been responsible for the drop in sup-
ply of crude oil to this country, Mr. Koroma said the problem was due to lack
of foreign exchange. °

He said every effort is being made to get their, suppliers to resume shipment
to Sierra Leone shortly.

On the question of price increases in the light of the shortage, Mr. Koroma
said as far as they are concerned the refinery has made no increases. Mean-
while, petrol stations in Freetown have resorted to rationing to customers.

Motorists have been spending hours in long queues at the various filling sta-
tions to buy fuel.

Poda poda vehicles plying the town routes have increased their fares from 15
to 20 cents.

Passengers travelling to Goderich village and Wellington village have been
forced to pay 30 cents.

cso: 4700/1740

36



Hence, it is difficult, at least in the near future, to set a date for the
actual start of this domestic phase. At the CTS, however, they report that
it will precede others. This will be a big contribution in the struggle
under way to safeguard our country's ecological balance. For in replacing
charcoal, even partially, peat will help us check the encroachment of the
desert due to a chronic drought but, more importantly, to an overconsumption
of wood that represents 60 percent of Senegal's energy consumption.

9064
CSO: 4719/1178

32.



LATSKY REPUDIATED BY TRANSVAAL NP LEADER

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 3

[Article by Jaap Theron]

[Text]

THE Transvaal Nat-
ional Party leader, Mr
F W de Klerk, yester-

day . strongly repu-"

diated the controver-
sial Dr Servaas
Latsky, Nationalist
MEC for Hospital

Services in the Trans--

vaal, for publicly
spurning the Trans-
vaal executive’s invi-
tation to him to dis-
cuss his problems

regarding new poli-.

cies with either Mr
De Klerk or the
Prime Minister.

Top. Transvaal Nats
now believe that Dr
Latsky’s expulsion
from the NP imminent.

After Dr  Latsky’s
statement to the Press
yesterday in which he
attacked Mr De Klerk
and the Transvaal NP
executive and said he
“had no confidence in
them”, Mr De Klerk is-
sued a statement in
which he said Dr Lats-
ky's "aggressiveness
would soon be consider-
ed by the executive.

Dr Latsky said:
“With regard to the ex-
ecutive’s request that I

have further dis-

cussions with the Prime
Minister and the Trans-

vaal leader, I. have,.

after serious consider-
ation, decided ‘that it
will serve no purpose.

“I stand by my view-
point, as expressed at

the federal . congress”

cso: 4700/1737

that the draft policy, as
formulated at the con-
gress, is unacceptable
to me.

“Because the Trans-
vaal leader of the NP
told me on the evening
before the congress
that I could not put my
viewpoint and the fact
that I had to appear be-
fore the executive,when
I exercised my demo-
cratic right, I informed
the executive that Ihad
no confidence in the
Transvaal leader and
his executive.

“T still stand by this
view, which has been
strengthened. by the
fact Mr De Klerk is not
prepared to give a copy
of the verbatim report
which was taken at my
request, during my dis-
cussion this week with
the executive. '

“The .last-mentioned
were asked by me to
study the matter and
see if there were any-
thing said which justi-
fied further dis-
cussion,” Dr Latsky’s
statement said.

Mr De Klerk made
what was called a pre-
liminary reply in which
he said he had taken
note of what Dr Latsky
had said.

He would, as soon as
possible, discuss the im-
plications with his ex-
ecutive. . |

In the meantime, he |
said, he wanted to make
the following remarks:

“I am sorry that Dr |
Latsky acted in a chal- |

41

SOUTH AFRICA

lenging and aggressive
way to my executive's
well-meant _ invitation
for further discussions.

“The executive has
decided that Dr Latsky
must discuss his prob-
lems with the Tran:
vaal leader and if.
necessary, also with the
Prime Minister — as he
was invited to do.

“His refusal to ad-
here to this does not re-
flect a sense of goodwill
which could be expected
of someone in an
elected leadership pos-
ition. On the contrary,
Dr Latsky’s attitude re-
flects one of seeking a
confrontation.

“His reference to our
chat the evening before
the federal congress in
Bloemfontein creates a
wrong image of its spi-
rit.

“While no one denies
him his democratic
right to take his own
standpoint, there is a
specific responsibility
attached to any elected
NP leadership, with re-
gard to the handling of
differences.

“The notes of the ex-
ecutive he requested
are considered confi-
dential and his demand
for a copy, so that he
can decide whether or
not he should talk to
the Prime Minister, re-
flect a negative ap-
proach, which is unsuit-

, able among _ party
| members,” Mr De Klerk
| said.



DJIBOUTI

FOREIGN MINISTER COMMENTS ON OAU MEETING, AREA DEVELOPMENTS
Djibouti LA NATION DE DJIBOUTI in French 21 Jul 82

[Interview with Bahdon Farah Moumin, minister of foreign affairs and
cooperation, on 20 July, place not specified: "If We Find That the OAU
Charter Is Not Being Respected, We Will Be Unable To Participate in the Tripoli
Council Meeting"]

[Text] Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Bahdon
Farah Moumin, who is to leave Djibouti Thursday, 22 July,
for the 39th session of the OAU Council of Ministers in
Tripoli, granted an interview yesterday, 20 July, to our
colleagues of the RTD [expansion unknown]. Answering our
colleagues' questions, he gave the position of the Republic
of Djibouti on the prevailing situation in the Horn of
Africa, the crisis the OAU is going through and problems
presently concerning the Middle East (Lebanon, Israel, Iran,
Iraq). We reproduce this interview here verbatim.

[Question] There has been a return of tension to the region in the past few
days. What is the position of the Republic of Djibouti about this new
situation?

[Answer] Needless to say, the Government of the Republic of Djibouti is deeply
concerned and worried about the return of tension to the region. In view of
this situation, we can only appeal for an end to all bloodshed, because these
confrontations can only harm the economic and social development of the
region's peoples.

As in the past, we will exert every possible effort to achieve peaceful
solutions to all disputes.

We can spare our peoples a war; their main goal is the fight against poverty,
which causes us every misfortune on earth.

This can only be attained in peacetime; peace is a sine qua non for all
development.


UGANDA

BOB ASTLES REPORTED UNDERGOING FURTHER TRIALS
Paris AFRICA AFP in English No 2921, 6 Aug 82 p 14

[Text] Kampala, 6 Aug--Idi Amin's former right-hand man, British-born
Bob Astles, will.stand trial on theft and robbery charges beginning
August 16 in a Kampala magistrate's court.

The trial was originally to have got under way yesterday but was adjourned
because a seniot government prosecutor assigned to the case was at another
trial in the near-by Uganda High Court.

Mr. Astles, 60, will be tried along with his former police assistant,
Charles Tindyebwa.

They were tried and acquitted by the Uganda High Court last October of
murdering a fisherman on Lake Victoria. But they have since been held
at the Luzira maximum security prison outside Kampala.. Mr. Astles will
pe defended by Kampala lawyer, Fred Sempebwa.

The first offence is alledged to have been committed on September 19, 1978
at Konkonjeru trading centre in Mukono district east of Kampala. According
to the prosecution, the two defendants stole 71,000 shillings (approximately
1,000 dollars then), four suits, six shirts, two bags containing children's
clothes and four beds.

On the second count, it is alledged that Mr. Astles broke into a bar also at
Nkokonjeru the following day, stealing a refrigerator, a cooker, five cartons
of waraqi (gin) and six cartons of whisky. On the third count, he was accused
of stealing on the same day 30 shillings, five cartons of soap, five bags

of sugar and five crates of beer.

Both’men have pleaded not guilty to the three charges. Their trial is now
scheduled to. begin on August 16 under Chief magistrate John S.P.P. O'Bwangamoi.
(AFP)

cso: 4700/1755 END

69



cso:

4700/1737

last three Lenasia cricket clubs from the
Transvaal Cricket Council so disappoint-
ing.

The Lenasia clubs have been a very wel-
come force in Transvaal. cricket, but
under political pressure from Hassan
Howa and his Transvaal Cricket Board,
which is affiliated to the boycott-mad
South African Council on Sport, they are
now breaking away from the TCC.

The six-year promotion of the game in ‘Le-
nasia will come to an end, though the
TCC will continue to coach schoolboys in
Lenasia.

Mr Mackay-Coghill, the chairman of the
TCC, says: “I look forward to the day
when cricket will cease to be a political
pawn.” '

We look forward to that day, too.

And we also look forward to the day when
Indians will take their rightful place in
all aspects of South African life.

51



cso:

4700/1737

sermon on Sunday, and we believe
more and more people should be
‘made conscious of the sufferings of
our fellow human beings. There
may be nothing we can do about it,
like the priest said, except pray for
them, but let it be publicly known
that we are aware of the tragedy and
deeply concerned.
.. It may seem to the average man |
‘sabout his own private business that
this is a waste of time, for after all
the wheels of bureaucracy will go on.+
It is: perhaps inevitable that those
people will eventually have to go.
_But as long as more and more of us
speak about these matters, as long
as there is some form of agitation to
stop this inhuman act, perhaps the
people of Driefontein will be held re-
sponsible for being part of the solu-
tion to this most painful thing.

49



SOUTH AFRICA

DIVERSION OF LESOTHO RIVERS TO WATER TRANSVAAL
Bonn .AFRIKA-POST in German Jul 82 p 7
[Article by Hanns H. Reinhardt: "Lesotho's Export Item: Water"]

[Text] ["Others sell the sun, we sell the rain." Such is the motto under which
the government of the kingdom of Lesotho concluded. a deal with South Africa for
the diversion of two rivers.]

As usual when there is only ‘one seller and only one potential buyer, years of
bargaining were needed to close the deal. Nor is it possible to buy water just
anywhere, at any rate not until there is some economical method for the desali-
nation of sea water.

Lesotho, formerly British Basutoland, lies like a political island surrounded
by South African sovereign territory: an island of poverty.

The water agreement involves using a system of five restraining dams to divert
two southerly-flowing mountain streams (Malibamatso and Sengunyana) in such a
way that their water flows northward over hundreds of -kilometers (including
through 120 kilometers of tunnels) into ‘the Vaal-river system, the main water
artery for the concentrated industrial area around Johannesburg.

Earlier generations diverted water ‘to irrigate cornfields, citrus groves or
sugar cane fields. But since the end“of World War II, industry and the
rapidly growing cities have become the principal consumers of water. Today
they need four times the amount brought into ‘the cornfields.

The large technical project will cost approximately $1.3-billion. A drawing-
board preparatory stage alone required 5 years. A consortium headed by the
World Bank will raise the money and in the process assist underdeveloped
Lesotho in the direction of a new export item.

South Africans are experienced in dealing with rivers. Two powerful dams each
with aholding capacity of ‘6 billion cubic meters block the Orange River,
making ‘a total of 230,000 hectares: of dry semidesert along its banks exploitable.

From.one of the reservoirs--they are named after National Party leaders--a part
of the Orange River's water (whose proper terminus is the Atlantic) is diverted

55



DETAILS ON DEFENSE WHITE PAPER GIVEN
Pretoria PARATUS in English Jun 82 pp 20-26

[Text]

SOUTH AFRICA

All doubts that may have existed about Soviet: imper--

ialistic/Marxist objectives throughout the world have been
dispelled by events in recent times, especially in Southern
-Africa, according to a White Paper on Defence and Armaments

Supply.

The White Paper was tabled in the House of Assembly, Cape

Town, before the Defence Debate.

Extracts from the White Paper dealing with the threat a-

gainst the RS, the broad defence policy, an operational re-

view and armaments supply are quoted here as a matter of

public record and for reference purposes.

~ THE THREAT

HE spread of Marxist/
Leninist ideology remains

the primary threat to the pre- |

servation of sovereignty and
the survival of all the nations

of the free world, A principle !

of communist ideology, as ex-
pounded by successive Soviet
leaders. has always been that
there can be no world peace
before their doctrine has taken
root all over the world. In
spite of the tremendous ex-
pansion of its military force. it
would appear that the USSR
is not at present planning a
large-scale conventional war
against the West. But the
USSR's direct intervention in
Afghanistan, as well as its atti-
tude towards developments
| surrounding the people's re-

_volt in Poland, indicate that

59

to enforce and extend its in-
terests nearer home with its
own military force.

In its indirect onslaught
| against Western capitalism.
| Soviet strategy is aimed at
| denying essential natural re-
| sources to the West. It is there-
| fore in the interest of the So-

viets to destabilize the situa-
tion in the oil-producing
countries of the Middle East
and South America, as well as
to maintain. by means of its
presence on land and at sea,a
position of power vis-a-vis the
important oil supply routes to
the West. For this purpose the

Soviet is stepping up its ex-

ploitation of turbulent situa-

tions in the areas concerned
' and is using surrogate forces
such as Cubans in Ethiopia,
and also Cuban influence in

the Soviet Union is prepared |

South America. To achieve its



SOUTH AFRICA

AEG-TELEFUNKEN REASSURES SOUTH AFRICAN CLIENTS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 21

[Article by Pat McLoughlin]

AEG-Telefunken  yes-
terday reassured _ its
customers that all was
well in South Africa de-
spite the ailing finan- |
cial position of its Ger-
man parent company.

Managing director,
Mr Peter Htz, said the
problems in Germany '
did not affect the sub-
sidiary directly because
it was an “arms length”
operation with 15,5 per- |
cent of the equity own-
ed by Old Mutual and |
84,5 percent held by
AEG-Telefunken Inter- |
national, Zurich, whol-
ly-owned by AEG-Tele-
funken AG.

“We are a very estab-
lished company here
and there is no doubt »
that we can fulfil all
committments in both
the technical and con- |
sumer sides,” he said.

The South African |
subsidiary is basically a
trading organisation
with a manufacturing
capacity — contributing
about 10 percent to |
total sales — that is |
mainly a back-up ser- ||
vice for the German '
product line. i

In the financial year
to December - 31, the

4700/1737

company posted sales |

of R70-million, a pre-
tax profit of R1-million
and taxed earnings of
R549 000.

The group expects

sales in the current »

year to reach R80-mil-
lion.

Mr..Htz says his
group, like its German
parent, could in the
long-term place empha-

sis on capital goods |

while not ignoring the
white goods business or
service back-up.

Last year the techni
cal divisions contrib-
uted 34 percent to local
profits while white
goods contributed 66
percent.

The company’s sales
are on the increase and
the order books on the
technical side are full
but demand for. con-
sumer products is slow-
ing in line with the gen-
eral . 7 economic
downturn.

Mr Htz admitted that
to some extent the Ger-
many situation had re-
tarded development of
his group.

Capital expenditure
is projected to be
around R400 000 (last
year R500 000) for the

current year which is

47

mainly for replacement
of plant. But the follow-
ing year R5-million is
expected to be spent ac-
quiring minority stakes
in two South African
companies involved in '
the technical side.

Mr Htz would not,
however, mame the.
companies involved.

He said :AEG-Tele-
funken AG's planned
testructuring would re-
sult in a technological-
ly-centred group with a
firm financial base.

‘An application for an
offer. of compromise
submitted by the Ger-
man group provides for
settlement of 40 per-.
cent of liabilities.

Meanwhile, Reuters
reported from Frank-
furt that the German
parent said it asked its
foreign creditor banks
at a meeting in Zurich
yesterday to maintain
existing credit lines.

In a statement re-
leased after the meet-
ing, AEG said a plan
would be devised over
the next few weeks to
provide for the con-
tinued financing of its
foreign operations on a
country-to-country ba-
sis.



We spend “more money.

+on dog food than we do on
{the 600 million people in
this world who are“mal-
:nourished’.
i To wrest a bigger slice
lof.the wealth from -indus-
trialised nations and’ to’
Ecreate a new system of
y sharing the world’s wealth,
| summits have been’ held,
i the two most recent being
{those of Ottawa and
(Cancun. And, each time,
j the summits have bogged
‘down to a rug-merchant
i stage since “the: industria-
'lised countries, most par-
ticularly the Americans
who hold all the cards and
they know it, do not want

to be pushed where’ they |

do not wish to go. Though
ithe South cannot develop
-adequately without the
“North and the North can-
‘not prosper if the South
does not prosper as well,
the summits broke. up with
no real achievements.
Without any formal
#spadeworks for the sum-
‘mit, the North and South
imet at Cancun last Octo-
tber. President Reagan
‘(again US !) made it clear
ito the heads of various
jcountries present that he is
yaverse to any global ne-
{gotiations and insisted that
jsuch agencies as World
jBank and International
(Monetary. Fund (our eco-
Inomy’s wetnurse !) conti-
mue to hold the purse
Strings on economic aid.
‘He also drove home the
‘point that negotiations on
‘foreign aid can’t be dis-
Yeussed at the UN General
[ Assembly, and foreign aid

“must hinge on the domés=

iti economic: policies of
; the donor nations.
Economic policy is,..by
‘itself, a weapon which the
rich countries use skill-
vfully to advance their in-
‘terests. While aiding US,
Russia and the other in-
jdustrialised: nations single
jout countries towards
which aid should be di-
trected. Help is given: par-
jticularly to those countries
whose security is impor-
{tant to the: donors and
where they have a geopo-
litical stake. America’s and
"Russia’s massive aid, eco-
‘momic as well as military,
.to Israel and Cuba are
examples. Russia pumps an
equivalent of 3.6 million
(dollars a day into Cuba,
‘sells 190 000 bbl of oil per
iday at half the world price,
“buys, 3.5 million tons ‘of
\sugar a year at four times
‘the world price. Says Ri-
_chard Nixon in his book
‘The real war’ ‘it (foreign
jaid) should not be simply a
thandout to _ whatever
country needs it. Countries
{that slap us in the face on
yissues of vital interest to
us... should not expect us
jto ignore this when they
task for aid’.
i Various other reasons
faccount for the impasse
ebetween the rich and poor
Acountries. The rich coun-
itries find it hard to digest
tthe ‘fact that those self-
sufficient countries in food
‘products twenty. years ago,
ido now spend one third of
itheir earning on exports
‘on the importation of the

19

jsame products. Much’ of
the aid had been misused
fby several heads to main-
hin their corrupted go-
lvernments in power, while
inothing has been done to
alleviate the misery of their
:citizens. The industrialised
‘countries reject the claim
that ips are morally
} id ,to help the ex-co-
‘oni countries. The ex-
‘colonized Third World in-
‘sists on a just return of
‘profits made by the co-
donial powers.

. Much of the pessimism
jis there also because the
rich countries are of the
iview that the Third World
-which had been colonized
for centuries can’t be ex-
\pected to redress their
# conomy ina short time
yand that it necessitates.
“years of willpower, sacri-
“fice and determination on
‘the part. of the peoples
‘concerned. But what is not
‘admitted in the North is
‘that the ex-colonial powers
have contributed to un-
ermine the development
of the third world.
Recession and the gnawing
Scourge of unemployment,
Ihave forced the rich coun-
{tries to reduce their assis-
‘tance which they pumped
‘through the financial agen-
cies. It is expected that the
jthird world will find it
‘difficult to raise money to
iprop up their floundering
ieconomies since World
‘Bank, United Nations De-
‘velopment Programme
\(UNDP) and other such
institutions will slash their
{proposed aid programmes.



SIERRA LEONE

BRIEFS

ECOWAS ACTION PROGRAM--A time table has been drawn up to work out a detailed
programme of action for the Economic Community of West African States, ECOWAS.
An Ad-Hoc Ministerial Committee of the Community which was charged with drawing
up the programme has just ended in Kotonou, Benin. The Minister of Development
and Economic Planning Dr. Sheka Kanu who attended the meeting has returned to
Freetown. The aim of the programme of action is to bring to the ordinary cit-
izen of ECOWAS the consciousness that the Community is now fully established
and ready to move to its second phase of existence. At that phase, programmes
and action will be the central focus. It will be in contrast with the first
phase when the legal and Administrative frameworks were established and con-
solidated. The Ad-Hoc Committee is expected to meet again in Kotonou next
month to work out the detailed programme of action which is to be submitted to
the Plenary Meeting of the Council of Ministers due to be held in November this
year. [Text] [Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 11 Aug 82 pp 1,. 2]

cso: 4700/1740

37



involved in SACTU as SACTU was a federation of trade unions and as far as he
knew was not open to individual membership. Cross-examined by Mr C Swanepoel,
prosecuting, Mr Webster yesterday conceded that a trade union federation was
no longer a federation if its affiliate trade unions resigned. SACTU went
into exile during the 1960s, according to evidence earlier in the trial. The
prosecution yesterday submitted that SACTU seemed to have no trade union mem-
bers in South Africa and should therefore be considered defunct. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 4]

ELECTRONIC WARFARE SCHOOL--THE Chief of the SA Navy, V Adm R. A. Edwards, of-
ficially opened both the Electronic Warfare Training Section and the Navigation
School in Simon's Town recently. It was decided to establish a specialist
Electronic Warfare Section in 1976, and work began on the building a few years
later. Prior to this Electronic Warfare equipment training had been done at
Signal School in Simon's Town. Construction on the Electronic Warfare Section
was completed after 13 months, and courses have been conducted in the centre
since early last year. In between courses, equipment has had to be installed.
One of the most notable features of the installation was the financial saving
gained through the modificaiton and conversion of what was considered to be
‘obsolete' equipment. The modification of equipment had also provided facili-
ties which would otherwise have taken years to acquire. The Navigation School,
which aims at enhancing the professional standard of Navigation and Bridgeman-
ship throughout the SA Navy, started its first General Navigation course at
the school in January 1982. Before this there had been no central home for
navigation, and navigational instruction was done at the Naval College in Gor-
don's Bay, and at the Military Academy in Saldanha. It was decided that it
would bemore practical to combine the two courses and introduce a five week
General Navigation Course. Last year 41 midshipmen attended the course and

to date this year, 33 students have been instructed in navigation at the school.
A total of 51 weeks of navigational instruction has been programmed for 1982.
The staff of Electronic Warfare School soon after it had been officially
opened by the Chief of the Navy. From Left to Right: Cdr P. Breedt, WO2J.
Eilbeck, PO J. Harlock, LtCdr D. Duligall, WO2 C. F. Crane, Lt Cdr T. Higgins
and WO1 J. Joubert. [Photo not included] [Text] [Pretoria PARATUS in English
Jul 82 p 89]

Cso: 4700/1737

68



SOUTH AFRICA

SAP Officers Trained in Public Relations
(THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82).......cecececececcscees seeeee seeee

Funds for Ninety-Nine-Year Leasehold Survey Approved
(THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)....... cece cece cece ee cnc ceceeeeveee

Latsky Repudiated by Transvaal NP Leader
(J. Theron; THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82).......ccsccceccvvveccee

Rural Road Building Hampered by Lack of Funds
(K. Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)........eeeeeeeeeee o

Labor Dispute Settlements Made Easier
(THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)....ceeceecccccsesecccccoes ee eceeee

President's Council to Study Free Market System
(THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)..

AEG-Telefunken Reassures South African Clients
(P. McLoughlin; THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)......

"Black Spots' Resettlement System Hit
(SOWETAN,: 12 Aug 82).....

Increasing Radicalization of Indians Noted
(THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)....

Synagogues Defaced by PLO Slogans
(G. Gaitz; THE CITIZEN, 13 Aug 82)..

Diversion of Lesotho Rivers to Water Transvaal
(H. Reinhardt; AFRIKA-POST, Jul 82).......cceceecccceccceee

Details of Zulu Battalions Given
(PARATUS, Jul 82)........eeeeeeee cece eceeceecesceeeeeencees

Details on Defense White Paper Given
(PARATUS, Jun 82)....ccccceececcccce cece eeeeeessecceceeeees

Briefs

Winterveldt Squatters Meet
Homeless Families

VIP to Meet

Wits Students' Appeal
Unrest Hits White Workers
SACTU Not Federation
Electronic Warfare School

UGANDA a ——

Bob Astles Reported Undergoing Further Trials
(AFRICA AFP, 6 Aug 82).....eececceseeces

-c-

38

39

41

42

4h

46

47

48

50

52

55

57



cso:

“other and exchange information on matters
relating to foreign policy.

The two Presidents shall, at all times.
endeavour to adopt a common position in the
field ‘of external relations.

The ministers of external affairs of the two
confederated states shall meet. from time to
time. to review matters relating to the co-
ordination of policy in the field of external
relations.

‘Any one of the confederated states may
request the other to represent it in a country
or in an international organisation where the
requesting state has not established a mission.
Any confederated state representing the other
shall act in accordance with the instructions of
the requesting state. and. where one of the
confederated states is represented by the
other, officers of the requesting state may be
attached to the mission of the representing
state.

Subject to the rules of the procedure
governing international conferences, any of
the confederated states, may. at the request of
the other. represent that other state at any
international conference. But the delegation
of the representing state, shall, while acting in
a representative capacity, comply with the
instrucitons of the requesting state. Where
both confederated states are represented at an
international conference. the delegations of
the two states shall endeavour to adopt a
common position. :

The Governments of the Republic of the
Gambia shall be admitted in the specialist
the training of diplomatic personnel. In this
regard. the nationals of Senegal and the
Gambia shall be admitted in the specialise
institutions of either confederal state at the

_request of the other but each state shall bear _

4700/1741

30

the cost of training of its personnel. —

These, then, are the protocols signed so
far and I think they speak for themselves.
All the same the Gambia’s Minister of
External Affairs was keen in his Radio
broadcast to emphasise that all decisions
by the Senegalese President of the confed-
eration will have to be agreed upon by the
Vice-President. People are none the less
wary of the fact that any boss worth his
mettle should be. able to convince his
junior to agree with him. And, even
though the extent to which this will apply
in this case is still to be seen, it is clear that
the only protection for The Gambia lies in
the provisions in all these protocols for
amendments and the settlement of dis-
putes. The three protocols signed so far,
will, in the meantime, have to be ratified
by the parliaments of the two countries
following which the exchange of instru-
ments will take place before the agree-
ments are.finally communicated to the UN
Secretary-General for Registration as was
the case with the main agreement.

However, it is the protocols of imple-
mentation in the “integrated” areas of
monetary affairs and security that will take
the longest time to reach the UN since these
are believed to be the sensitive areas that will
require a lot of wheeling and dealing on both
sides. At the end of the day, it is believed
that the spirit of “brotherhood” will once
again prevail and the Senegambian confed-
eration will come into gear in earnest, for
better or for worse.



MAURUTIUS

BERENGER PROMISES TO KEEP HIS WORD
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 26 Jun 82 p 4

[Text] "Nou pas fine vine ministres pou change langage ou change chimin.
Nou pou ensemble, ministres ek militants, pou ki lalit continuer."” [Rough
translation: "We did not become cabinet ministers to start talking a
different language or strike out on a different path. All together,
ministers and supporters, we must work to continue the struggle."] It
was in this manner that Paul Berenger, the minister of finance and former
negotiator for the Port Louis Harbor and Dock Workers Union (PLHDWU), spoke
to the dockworkers yesterday at a meeting held at the New Mauritius Docks.
Mr Berenger was speaking to the workers for the first time in his new
capacity as finance minister. .He had represented them for a decade in
their dialogue with management.

The new finance minister disclosed that this first meeting he. is holding
after the great victory of the MMM/PSM [Mauritian Militant Movement-Malagasy
Socialist Party] alliancé was in line with the speech from the throne and
the rehiring of three persons fired as a result fo the strike of April

1979, namely Gaetan Pillay (the president of the union), Mario Flore and

J. Claude Elysee. He thanked all the dockworkers, especially Mr Aurelie
Perrine, former president of the union, for the support they gave to the
MMM/PSM alliance in the elections and the positive role they played in

the defeat of communalism. .

Mr Berenger made an appeal for Mauritian and Rodriguean worker unity. On
he issue of the Cargo Handling Corporation, the finance minister explained
that the corporation's success will depend on the workers. It will be
necessary for all the classes of workers in this sector to work together
in unity and solidarity. He promised that the cases of the bulk goods
handlers who have been discharged will be reconsidered. Moreover, he
maintained that the proposed implementation of the flour mill project
“will not be at the expense of the dockworkers." However, he added that
"bizin mette la tete ensemble pour creer travail ek augmente revenus dans
ca secteur la." [Rough translation: "We need to think together how to
create jobs and increase incomes in this*sector."]

16



MAURITIUS

INDIAN HELP SOUGHT TO OBTAIN RETURN OF DIEGO GARCIA
Port Louis THE NATION in French 2 Jul 82 p1

[Text] "The new government will ask for India's help in
demanding the retrocession of the Chagos archipelago and in
affirming its sovereign rights in international forums,
including the United Nations and the OAU." These were Mr
Aneerood Jugnauth's. words to PRESS TRUST OF INDIA's African
correspondent Mr D.V. Desai.

The prime minister said that Mauritius will try to make the Indian Ocean a zone
of peace. The MMM has never taken the equivocal position the previous govern-
ment maintained on the Diego Garcia issue because it wanted to grant implicit
recognition to British ownership.

“We cannot fight. So we must use diplomatic and political means. We will
Pressure the superpowers to dismantle their bases in the region," he said.

The prime minister also deplored the inhuman treatment inflicted on the Ilois
and maintained that the compensation agreement in no way detracts from

Mauritian sovereignty. He reaffirmed that Mauritius will in the very near future
become a republic in the Commonwealth and that it will forge closer ties to
India.

But Mr Jugnauth said that the offer of the presidency to SSR [Sir Seewoosagur
Ramgoolam] had been withdrawn. "We respected him and were sympathetic to him.
At first he accepted the offer, but then he said he was not interested."
According to the prime minister, the Labor Party has wallowed in communalism,
which could have led to bloodshed. "Under these circumstances, there can be
no question of offering him the position,"

Mr Jugnauth believes the Labor Party's defeat resulted from its negative campaign
and its swing to the right. "They had become more conservative than our rulers
in the colonial period, and the people had had enough abuses of power, nepotism,
favoritism and corruption. The Libyan bomb turned out to be a boomerang." But
the prime minister admits that the election results exceeded all his hopes.

He concluded by noting that Mauritius has traditionally had close ties with
England, France and India. "The majority of the people come from India, we have
an affinity for sentimental reasons. We want to consolidate Indo-Mauritian
Collaboration and intensify our cooperation," Mr Jugnauth said.

9516

cso: 4719/1194 22



NEED FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION EMPHASIZED

Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in English 6 Aug 82 p 7

[Article by Heeran Rambaccussing]

[Text]

‘When America sneezes, Europe catches a cold and.

ithe Third World gets pneumonia”. Though this terse
: ‘axiom undeniably expresses the inescapable truth: inter-
{national interdependence, at the same time it accusingly
asks if we should continue to overrely on the recession-
weary West and try to set up or help a regime that does
ipass democratic muster by western standards. The ripple
lof recession in the West has built.a disastrous tidal wave

that the Third World
the poorer countries

dire economic straits, and for

e able to come out of their

‘economic slump, delibilitating unemployment and other
(social evils will be a long time coming. The pressing need
‘now is a regional cooperation for'a long time sent off
for a spin into irrelevancy. A regional cooperation among
ithe islands and countries of Indian Ocean (as recently
{proposed by the government) will be of tremendous help
both economically and culturally to all those concerned.

The Struggle Between the Haves and Have-Nots

i> “The gap between the
| poor and rich countries has
awned wider over the past
‘decade. The industria-
‘ised nations housé one
“quarter of the world po-
{pulation but control 79%
»of the world’s income.
"No doubt the 20th century
;man will boast of having
seen one of his kind lan-
‘ding on the moon or
:spending 30 to 40 per cent
“of the national income on

18

“wars but, at the same time,
"will remember the searing
experience that millions
sare living in dire need of
van aid for at least a de-
“cent living. Says John Gil-
ligan, €x-chief of Agency
‘for International Deve-
‘lopment (AID) ‘... the
ypeople of US (lose) more
‘money at the gambling
tables in Nevada than we
have in our development
jassistance programmes.

MAURITIUS



SENEGAL

RESULTS OF PEAT TESTS GENERALLY ENCOURAGING
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 3-4 Jul 82 p 4

[Article by Amadou Pame: "A Series of 74 Tests Proves Peat Can Replace
Charcoal")

[Text] "Unprocessed dry peat from Niayes catches fire as easily as charcoal.
It gives off heat like that produced by firewood. Hence it will be possible
for it to replace these energy resources."

This in substance is the conclusion reached by researchers at the Ministry
of Industrial Development and Drafts. After a series of 74 tests done on
peat between January and April, the ministry prepared a report that is in a
way a rough draft "of an overview study on the psssibilities for using
peat from Niayes."

The peat was burned in different ways: in bulk, cubes, briquettes and =.
pellets. The researchers also undertook mixtures of peat with other fuels:
charcoal, wood chips, peanut shells, etc. And they tested peat's output of
heat, unburned residue and ashes, the time it took to erupt and its kindling
ease.

The results of these analyses were encouraging on the whole, and in the near
future, peat will cook our "thiebou dieune" [translation unknown; pre-
sumably local staple].

However, there are still many things to be done. First, the volume of peat
intended for domestic consumption is not definitely know yet. Then, more
extensive studies remain to be done to determine the best was to "tame" peat.
A market study is also vital to ensure reasonable consumption.

At the moment, the CTS [expansion unknown] and the Ministry of Industrial
Development and crafts are trying to speed things up. As a result, an
evaluative mission is currently in progress in Niayes to determine the exact
quantity and quality of the fuel. Moreover, the CTS and the ministry
initiated negotiations with the CRDI [Canadian Research Center for Inter-
national Development] and the UNDP to obtain financing that will allow them
to implement these studies.

31



MAURITIUS

MMM/PSM LEADERS DISCUSS FOREIGN POLICY
No Soviet Bases
Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT 7 Jun 82 p 1

[Excerpts] Paul Berenger has strongly denied a report published by NEWSWEEK
magazine and republished by L'EXPRESS yesterday [6 June] that a government led
by the MMM/PSM would offer port facilities to the USSR. "It is absolutely
false," he said. An MMM/PSM government will offer no facilities either to the
Americans or the Soviets to establish bases in our territory.

He said that the MMM has been against a military presence in the Indian Ocean
since its establishment and will continue to work in the same direction.

He said that there is also no question of a coalition of the MMM, the PSM, and
the PAN [National Action Party] after the general elections. The MMM/PSM
coalition will govern the country by itself since it is on the way to an over-
whelming victory. Paul Berenger gave this assurance to thousands of people in
the Place du Quai by saying that there will be no labor ministers in a government
of the Left after the electoral victory of 11 June.

The MMM secretary general also mentioned rumors presently being spread by the
Right reporting the existence of some kind of document on relations between the
MMM and Libya. Paul Berenger cried, "This is false. It is an invention, pure
and simple."

MMM/PSM Owes Nothing to USSR
Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT 7 Jun 82 p4

[Text] Due to the fact that the Right has talked a great deal about foreign
policy in the last few days, Jean Claude de 1'Estrac, MMM/PSM leader responsible
for foreign affairs questions, has provided certain clarifications for the
Mauritian people and for the international press, whose representatives have
been in Mauritius for about a week.

De L'Estrac states that the present campaign by the Right is based on fear and
is intended to make people believe that an MMM/PSM government would abandon its
relations with western countries and that it would make Mauritius dependent on
the Soviet Union and other countries of Eastern Europe.

13



DETAILS ON ZULU BATTALIONS GIVEN

SOUTH AFRICA

Pretoria PARATUS in English Jul 82 pp 50-51

[Text]

~ GAURROUNDED by the forests and |

canelands of the Natal North Coast
1s the headquarters of 121 Bn, military
' “home” of the great and proud Zulus.

Formed in April 1979 with a mere 79
troops, 121 Bn now has many more
men currently undergoing basic train-
ing.

“This was our first big intake,” Cmat
J.H. Quinn, Officer Commanding 121

" Bn. told PARATUS. “! am confident of
producing well-trained and highly moti-
vated young men.”
Of the many volunteers who arrived
at 121 Bn, none looked upon the Army
as “just a job”..They want to fight for
their country. Rfn Paul Mwandia is a
| typical volunteer. He signed up with the

SADF “to protect the public’, having
, heard about the Army from his brother
' currently serving at Jozini base.

Battalion troops who have been serv-
ing for a while feel the same way. LCpI
S. Moloi, dissatisfied with the mundane

, job he was doing at a factory, joined the
Permanent Force in June 1979. “I de-
cided to come to serve my country,” he’
said. "I hope to remain in the Defence
Force for the rest of my life, as the work
here is varied and interesting, | do
clerical work, but have had an opportu-
nity to go to the Operational Area.”

,; Another member of 121 Bn who did

= _ service on the Border, was PteS.T. Zulu.

He joined the Battalion directly after
leaving school. “| was in Rundu in
1981,” he said. “and although | worked
in the base on that occasion, next time
I'd like to go on patrol and get at
Swapo.”

__ This fierce determination is typical of _ |

57

the Zulu soldier. Excérpts from 121 |
News’, the Battalion newspaper, gives
further proof of this:
@ “My father did not want me to become
a soldier. But | was able to convince |
him. | told him | wanted to go and fight |
for him. He then gave me permission to |
, join the Army. .
@ “One day | was listening to the radio
| and heard about the South African De- |
fence Force. | went to the nearest Police
station to find out how! couldbecomea __
South African soldier. and was su -
ful. My purpose here is to fight the
enemy, so! have sacrificed myself to do
this. My aim is to fight in the company of
my White brothers as well as my’ Biack
brothers to keep our country safe. ..”

While the Black troops undergo basi-
cally the same training as all Service-
men. Capt C.C. du Plessis, Officer Co-
ordinating Training at 121 Bn, fees that

__cultural differences must be borne in
mind all the time. “Although we demand
from our troops the same discipline that
is expected from other Servicemen. we
adhere to Zulu custom. For exampie, in
a different unit. when an Officer or NCO
calls a troop, it is expected that the
troop will approach the person calling
him on the double.

“It is the custom of the Zulus, how-
ever, to show respect by walking over to
the person calling him, rather than to
run. If one did not know this, one might
unfairly reprimand the soldier con-
cerned.”

A further problem is the difference
between Western ways and the Zulu's
own traditions. “Many of the things we

regard as normal are alien to a large



CONGO

ASSESSMENT OF PARTY.ACTIVITIES IN POINTE-NOIRE INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
Brazzaville ETUMBA in French 5 Jun 82 p 8

[Text] To concretely execute the 1982-1985 five-year Plan in the production
plants under its jurisdiction, the Party Committee of the Ministry of Mines
and Energy went to see the grassroots organizations in the economic capital
of Pointe-Noire from 7 to 20 May this year as Comrade Jean-Felix Dembe,
the party representative for Kouilou, had announced in our issue No 644.

This inspection and thorough verification conducted in Pointe-Noire which
was followed by a brief visit to Makabana (COMILOG [Ogooue Mining Company])
then back to Pointe-Noire, established a fact which applies to all the
companies supervised by that ministry: the need for grassroats organs of
the Party Committee to boost their activity aimed at raising revolutionary
awareness.

The Party Committee delegation also verified that some party cells are
becoming active while others are well organized but that there is not enough
follow-up work as far as the cells are concerned. Realizing this state of
affairs, the ministerial committee insisted on the need for unity among
comrades within the party and among cadres and officials of the mass
organizations in companies such as ELF-Congo, COMILOG and in processing
companies,

It was also found in the field that reports sent to the political leadership
do not always present an accurate picture of the party's activities. A call
has been issued to all the grassroots party organizations to pull themselves
together, increase their vigilance and become more united behind their party,
the Congolese Labor Party (PCT), to win victories for our people.

In general terms and in summarized form, they established the following facts:
SNE [National Electric Company]: A Lack of Vitality

With the intake: from Moukoukoulou going to the Loudima—Pointe-Noire electric
line, the problem of the electric network must be now completely reexamined.

SOCECE [expansion unknown] has already been at work since 20 April this year
to build the extension and to replace the lines.



SENEGAL

FORMATION OF SENEGAMBIA IN IMPLEMENTATION STAGE

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3392, 9 Aug 82 pp 2047-2048, 2049

[Text]

SINCE the joint conimuniqué calling for
the establishment of a confederation of
Senegambia was signed at Kaur in The
Gambia last November by Sir Dawda
Jawara and President Abdou Diouf of
Senegal. the matter of the confederation
has been shrouded in mystery due mainly
to the manner in which it was handled in
the first place. and also the conditions
prevailing at the time. Either the joint
communiqué was. intentionallly. not ex-
plained for what it was — a mere statement
of intent — or the press (especially the
Gambian press) got it all wrong thereby
giving the impession that the joint com-
muniqué was equivalent to a fait accompli.
The fact that the communiqué was issued
during a very significant visit by President
Diouf — the first since his troops helped
crush the attempted coup — during which
he addressed several rallies whipping up
sentiment for the confederation did not
help either. Sir Dawda had to give a press _
conference to clarify the issue saying that
the Kaur communiqué was merely a state- |
ment of intent and that a formal agreement
would still have to be signed. Even then, |
the implementation of the agreement
would have to be worked out in detail.
What Sir Dawda did not say was that only
days after the press conference he would
be going to Dakar to sign the main !
“agreement with the Senegalese President.
And when he did leave on December 17,
1981, his trip was simply described by
Radio Gambia as a working visit until
Gambians were told by Radio Senegal that
the two’ Presidents had, in fact, signed an
agreement establishing a confederation of
Senegambia.

At this stage the question of whether !
there should have been a referendum to |
seek the peoples’ mandate arose both |
nationally and internationally thus adding |

28

at least in The Gambia. Sir Dawda again

gave a press conference at which he tried to
put across the point that in signing the
agreement he had acted constitutionally
and that since the agreement did not
involve any loss of sovereignty for The
Gambia, the Constitution was not touched
enough to warrant a referendum. Thus it
was that the Parliaments of the two coun-
tries simultaneously ratified the agreement
on December 29, 1981, only six months
after the attempted coup. It is interesting
to note that even after the ratification of
the agreement people in The Gambia were
still hoping for a referendum. But this was
never to be.

Now, six months after the ratification of
the agreement, the implementation stage
has been reached with the signing of the
first three protocols on Friday, 2 July 1982.
The signing of the three protocols (on the
institutions of the confederation, the finan-
cial regulations of the confederation and
the co-ordination of policy in the field of
external relations) was preceded by a
longer-than-planned ministerial meeting in
Banjul involving the Gambian Minister of
External Affairs, Mr. Lamin Kiti Jabang
and his Senegalese counterpart, Mr. Mus-
tapha Niasse, as well as their technical
experts.

People did not know why it took so long
(three instead of one day) to negotiate
three of the “simpler” protocols described
as being only in the general area of
“co-ordination”. It was thought that one
country must have been pushing while the
other was unwilling to deliver enough. All
the same, the protocols were-signed on the
third day and the two governments’ issued
a “blandiloquent” press release announc-
ing the event and saying that the discus-
sions were held in an atmosphere of
“brotherhood” and in the spirit of the main



“equipment
Anti-personnel, anti-vehicle
and programmed ground
mines
Arms and ammunition

QUALITY CONTROL

The introduction of ad-
vanced and new technologies
is linked to the development
of a technical management
capability for the effective
utilization of the technology,
for which Armscor has already
created an affective quality
management infra-structure.

Acomplete educational pro-
gramme up to the level of
Engineering Technologist was
drawn up for Technikons. Two
universities envisage the intro-
duction of a post-graduate

course in quality engineering.
The RSA‘s own code of |

practice for a quality manage-
ment system was published
and some of the most import-
ant procurement organizations
like the SA Transport Services.
Posts and Telecommunica-
tions, Sasol. Iscor. Escom, the
Atomic Energy Board. Ucor
and the Chamber of Mines
have undertaken to implement
these standards. Training pro-
grammes in quality control
are being carried out on a
continuous basis for the Arms-
cor group. the SA Defence

| Force and the private sector.

STANDARDIZATION

In order to launch viable
local production programmes
based on the relatively limited
requirements of the SA De-
fence Force, the rationaliza-
tion of major equipment
should be regarded as a prere-
quisite in the determination of
needs which also facilitates
the standardization of com-
ponents and ‘sub-assemblies.
This technique provides Arms-
cor with a better opportunity
of utilizing the advantages of
an increased volume of pro-

| duction and this considerably

facilitates the SA Defence
Force's logistics tasks.

a

LOCAL CONTENT

In the case of less sophisti-
cated equipment, only items
with a total local content are

' considered, while for those

products where, by definition,
self-sufficiency has not yet
been attained, local assembly,
testing and taking into service
are the minimum requirements
in respect of local content.

In this way more work op-
portunities are provided for
semi-skilled labour and at the
same time the capacity at least
to maintain, repair and recom-
mmission even the most sophis-
ticated equipment locally is
ensured.

“RESEARCHAND
DEVELOPMENT

In view of the irrevocability
ofthe arms. ~bargo, the funds
available for basic research
are inadequate. This is a
national problem which does
not apply only to defence re-
search. As regards specific re-
search and especially the de-
velopment of armaments, the
situation is much better and
allavailable facilities are being
utilized for this purpose.

The greatest successes were
achieved where manufacturing
subsidiaries and private indus-
tries had the opportunity to
undertake the development of
the products which they will
eventually manufacture. This
not only provides improved
support for the manufacturing
process, but also saves time
and manpower during the
technology transfer phase.
However, in the application of
this principle the duplication
of certain high-technology
processes and facilities should

" be avoided.

EXPORT OF
ARMAMENTS

Not only is there an overpro-
duction of armaments in the

world, but certain major
powers use this fact as a form
of aid by subsidizing prices
and providing incredibly low -!
| financing facilities.

In order to penetrate this
highly competitive market,
| Armscor relies mainly on the
| fact that the products available
| from the RSA are operational-
ly evaluated and tested and
| that the highest quality stand-
ards are maintained through-

~ UTILIZATION OF THE
PRIVATESECTOR

Inaddition to the maximum
utilization of the private sector
inthe armaments manufactur-
ing industry. the Board of
Armscor applies the principle
of appointing individuals from
the private sector as directors
of subsidiary companies. This
arrangement is in accordance
with the Cabinet practice to
appoint leaders of industry as

i f

n striving to maintain the
management capabilities of
Armscor on the highest pos-
sible professional level, the +
management hierarchy was |
strengthened by the appoint-
ment ofa recognised industrial
leader from the private sector
as Executive Vice-Chairman,
and members of the private
sector are approached to act
as consultants to provide in-
puts in respect of general
management methods and
specific specialized aspects of
management. It is gratifying
that the private sectorin every
case and without hesitation is
prepared to make a contribu-
tion, in some cases even with-
‘out compensation.

PERSONNEL

At present in-depth atten-
tion is being given to the ef-
fective utilization of and good
| relations with all Armscor em-
| ployees. In order to soften the
|_impact_on Armscor of the



SOUTH AFRICA

" BRIEFS

WINTERVELDT SQUATTERS MEET--WINTERVELDT squatters meet over the weekend at

two venues to discuss the prevention of crime in the area as well as problems
they have experienced with some landlords including evictions and the lack

of a water supply. The first meeting, according to the organisers' spokesman,
would be held on Saturday morning at the Manelelong Higher Primary School
grounds and the second on Sunday morning at the Mahlwereng School. The spokes—
man said tenants at certain plots were subjected to high rentals and that water
rations were also sold to them at high prices. He said that crime was rife

in the squatter complex and that residents were constantly exposed to the dan-
gers of being robbed, mugged and sometimes killed by thugs. I1l-treatment

of squatters by their landlords, he said, led to the movement of those affected
from one plot to the other and that this could result in some being arrested
for not having the proper permits during a police swoop. Certain plot owners,
the spokesman said, did not issue receipts for their tenants' rent payments
and as a result, the tenants could not furnish proof of residence even if they
had lived at a certain plot for years. The spokesman said that at these meet-
ings the plight of Venda and Xhosa residents, who were unable to obtain ref-
erence books because they belonged to independent states, would be discussed.
[Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 12 Aug 82 p 5]

HOMELESS FAMILIES--WHILE more than 10 000 families in Katlehong, near Germis-—
ton, go homeless, the Katlehong Community Council is spending about R2-m to
build new council chambers and administration offices. Early this year the
council and the East Rand Administration Board announced that they had no
funds to build more houses in the area. The council said they were planning
a site and service scheme whereby residents could build their own houses.
Then a few months ago, the council started with phase one of a building pro-
ject which includes administration offices. This phase will be completed by
the end of October. Chairman of the Katlehong Community Council, Mr A P Khu-
malo, said yesterday the council had insufficient facilities like council
chambers. He said they were using offices at the local administration board
offices in the township and other offices in Wadeville. [Text] Johannesburg
SOWETAN in English 12 Aug 82 p 7]

VIP TO MEET--THE Venda Independence People's Party (VIP) is to hold a meeting
on Sunday at the Putalushaka Higher Primary School in Tshiawelo at 9 am. Mr

Gilber Bakani, the party's leader, said the meeting would be addressed by op-
position MPs. He said the meeting had been called to reorganise the party and

66



to work out strategies of how to put words into action. All branches and
chairmen and secretaries are requested to attend. [Text] [Johannesburg
SOWETAN in English 12 Aug 82 p 5]

WITS STUDENTS' APPEAL--A REQUEST for the reinstatement of 12 students who were
suspended after a clash between the Black Students' Society and Jewish students
at Wits University last week, has been turned down. The request, which was
made last week and again on Sunday night, by Mr Jeremy Clark, president of

the Students' Representative Council, was turned down by the vice-chancellor
Professor D J du Plessis. A spokesman for the university on Tuesday said the
students would appear before university authorities at a discipline hearing

on Monday, August 16. Another meeting to discuss the suspension issue was

to be held at the campus yesterday. The students were suspended after a clash
between the BSS, who held a pro-Palestine Liberation Organisation rally, and
the South African Union of Jewish Students (SAUJS) who were also having a meet-
ing. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 12 Aug 82 p 7]

UNREST HITS WHITE WORKERS--PORT ELIZABETH--A tragic situation had arisen for
the White motor factory worker in Port Elizabeth, according to Mr Henry Fer-
reira, deputy secretary of the Iron, Steel and Allied Industries Union, reports
Sapa. He was commenting on the position of the White worker in the labour
unrest that has led to repeated strikes and the consequent closure of three
motor manufacturing factories--Ford, General Motors and Volkswagen. Thousands
of Whites were affected, Mr Ferreira said. Whites who had to be laid off be-
cause of the halt in production at their factories received no pay for the
time during which the factories were closed, although they could apply for
unemployment insurance after three days. The workers of his union were bit-
terly dissatisfied, Mr Ferreira said. They wanted to know why no action was
being taken against illegal strikers in terms of the new labour laws. A de-
cision by the Port Elizabeth and Uitenhage motor firms to move their operations
elsewhere would bring "chaos" and unemployment to the area, Mr Louis Rive,
special adviser to the Government, said yesterday. Jentje Knuppe reports pro-
duction at GM has returned to normal. A spokesman for the strike-ridden firn,
which last had to close its doors on Wednesday afternoon after a mass walkout,
said the plant reopened early yesterday morning as scheduled and no problems
were encountered with production. No further labour unrest was reported either
at Volkswagen in Uitenhage. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug
82 p 3]

SACTU NOT FEDERATION--THE terrorism trial of trade unionist Mr Alan Fine con-
tinued in the Johannesburg Regional Court yesterday with the prosecution seek-
ing to prove that the organisation which Mr Fine sympathised with, the South
African Congress of Trade Unions, was not a federation of trade unions, as it
had no affiliates. This point was made yesterday during cross-examination

of labour expert Mr Edward Charles Webster. Mr Webster had testified that
SACTU was different to other federations "in that it believed the struggle
for trade union Blacks must be linked to a wider struggle for democracy in
South Africa". Mr Fine is charged with sympathising and supporting the banned
ANC in that the ANC and SACTU were signaturies to the revolutionary alliance
and that supporting the one meant supporting the other. Mr Fine told the court
he felt he could not be charged with being a member of, supporter of, or

67



NIGERIA

BRIEFS

LITERACY CAMPAIGN--Illiteracy will be completely eradicated from all nooks

and corners of Nigeria within one decade, the Minister of Education,

Dr. Sylvester Ugoh, has affirmed. Dr. Ugoh said that President Shehu Shagari
would 'definitely launch’ the National Literacy Campaign Programme by
September,. The minister told the South African correspondent of the News
Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Harare, Zimbabwe, last Saturday’that by the end

of the 10-year programme, illiteracy would have been reduced to zero whatever
the population of Nigeria by that time. Dr. Ugoh, who led Nigeria's delega-
tion to the just-concluded conference ‘of African ministers of education

and economic. planning, urged the various task forces in the states to carry
out their assignments relentlessly. ‘President Shagari is taking the programme
seriously and Nigeria should not lag’ behind in the endeavour to rid Africa

of illiteracy,’ he urged. ‘If the main political. parties in’ the country were
to agree on one or two languages, this will be easy. It will help in accelerat—
ing our pace of educational development.’ The minister emphasised that educa-
tion should be functional, related to the world of work and teach people to
produce. [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 9 Jul 82 p 11]

PRESS ON PRESS CENSORSHIP--Law is made for man, not man for law. Our political
leaders will make all of us the slaves of selfish laws if the electoral bill
(as presented) is passed into law. This bill if allowed to become law will
deny every Nigerian the right to own and’ share opinions and ideas and to
disseminate information three months before, and three months after an
election, If the bill becomes law and given the many types of elections

that we may have and the election appeals procedures, press censorship may
mean a perpetual gag on the expression'of personal opinion. Resist Press
Censorship. [Nigerian Press Organisation] [Text] [Enugu DAILY STAR in English
16 Jul 82 p 21]

cso: 4700/1754

25



RELATIONS WITH NIGERIA REPORTED IMPROVING

CAMEROON

New Delhi AFRICA DIARY in English 14-20 May 82 pp 10971-10972

[Reprint from article in London NEW AFRICAN]

[Text]

Cameroon is one of Africa’s most complex societies with
both British and Freneh ties, though the latter are the stro-
ngest. It has a diversified base to its economy which offers
considerable scope for development in the 1980s. The GDP
now stands at about $460 per head. Relations with
Nigeria have improved after a poor year. President Ahidjo
visited Nigeria just a year after President Shagari was in
Cameroon. The visit came at a time when the border dis-
pute resulting from the shooting of five Nigerian soldiers
last May was close to settlement. Cameroon has agreed to
pay compensation as well as apologise for the deaths.
This was the third Ahidjo visit to Nigeria.
In theory, the two countries have much in common.

,, In November the Cameroon Economic and Social Coun-
cil for 1981-82 approved the country’s Fifth Development
Plan, with specia! emphasis on agriculture, forestry and
fisheries. Other aspects include a new boost to industrial
development, enhancing t's quality of village life, the
clarification of the role of wo.uen and, the problems of cor-
ruption, The plan should also give a new boost to indus-
trial development. Cameroon has its full share of social-
economic problems, such as the rural-urban drift and the
failure to meet all itsfood requirements, In the last quar-

_ ter of 1981 it faced severe inflation. Consumer prices rose
sharply. Rice, which soldfor CFA francs 100 a kilo in

July rose to betweeh 175 and 200 francs by November.
Many other essential foods—such as cocoyams, plantains,
fish, meat and palm oil—doubled in price.

According to La Gazette, the cost of feeding a family of
five increased in a few months by 1,500 francsa day.
Today there are huge gaps between the living standards of
the urban elite and most other people. [n the cities, ac-
commodation rentals are enormous. School fees went up

over this period by between 10 and 20 per cent. Successful
development in the 1980s will depend chiefly on two
aspects of the economy; energy and agriculture. Oil is the

key to a prosperous energy sector, though Cameroon also
has substantial hydro-electric capacity. There now appear
to be growing prospects for substantial offshore oil deposits
being discovered and exploited in Cameroon waters. Oil
production for 1981 was at a rate of about 80,000 bpd. By
the mid-1980s the country should be producing between
five and six-millio tons of oil'a year. -

CSO: 4700/1755

|
j

A new dam—the Song-Lulu, near Edea—has just been
completed at a cost of $180-million. much of which came
in the form of international aid. The dam has a capacity
of'190mw and will produce electricity forthe Industrial
centre of Edea. Cameroon now produces 95 per cent of
all its energy requirements. If it does manage to produce
all its needs and then move'on to modest energy exports to
boost foreign exchange earnings, this will represent half a
development equation that could make other aspects of
economic growth that much easier to attain. The other
main thrust of development must be achieved through agri-
culture, on which about 70 percent of the population .is
engaged and which contributes 32 per cent of EDP and
earns 70 per cent of foreign exchange.

Most of the country’s agricultural exports are dominated
by smail-farmer production. Under the recently formulated
Fifth Plan, agricultural development is to focus on a num~
ber of special areas, including a re-assessment of relations
between farmers and the administrative structures and
integrated structures for agricultural zones. There is also to
be increased emphasis on improving living standards in the
rural areas. Training for rural area field staff is to be
intensified. Cameroon has a remarkable range of agricul-
tural export crops. They include coffee, tea, cocoa (it is
the fourth largest cocoa producer), bananas, rubber, palm
oil, cotton. and tobacco. Yet despite the high proportion
of the population in agriculture, and the country’s natural
potential, Cameroon still imports food. The country ought '
to be entirely self-sufficient in food.

Cameroon’s long-term resource base isa sound one and
includes large hydro-electric potential as well as varied
agricultural possibilities, with a wide range of commodity
crops for export. An expanding industrial sector now ac-
counts for 25 per cent of GDP. Under President Ahidjo,
Cameroon has maintained its distance from external
African affairs. For instance, the government is sceptical
about the effectiveness of the OAU initiative in Chad, pre-
ferring UN involvement. Ahidjo has dominated Cameroon
polities for two decades. He appears to be one of the most
durable of African leaders.



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

UNITA'S 'UNILATERAL' PRISONERS' RELEASE--Jonas Savimbi's UNITA has "unilaterally"
decided to release 14 foreigners, including a Swiss International Red Cross nurse,
UNITA secretary announced in Brussels on 18 August. Fernando Wilson dos Santos
did not specify the exact date for the release of these prisoners (one Swiss
woman, one Argentine woman, four Spaniards, three Brazilian citizens and five
Portuguese citizens). He noted that the final decision was made at the 5th

UNITA congress held in the sourthern part of Angola from 28 to 31 July. [Text]
{Paris LE MONDE in French 20 Aug 82 p 5]

cso: 4719/1334



Jean-Claude de L'Estrac stated: "It is certainly not the MMM/PSM which would
pull Mauritius out from under the heel of certain countries, only to put it on
its knees before other countries. That also applies to the USSR."

He made clear that there was nothing in common between the government proposed
by the MMM/PSM alliance and the government now existing in the USSR. "We have
no political lessons to learn from the Soviet Union, and that country has never
been a model for us. Furthermore, it was the MMM, in fact, which demonstrated
before the Soviet Embassy to protest against the invasion of Czechoslovakia and
the pillaging of our matitime resources."

Since they have no valid arguments, the leaders of the Right will also try to
represent the MMM/PSM alliance as being close to Libya, in order to spread the
seeds of doubt. In fact, during the past 5 years 12 representatives of the PAN,
including SSR [Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam], Boolell, Jagatsingh, Bussawon,

Purryag, Peeroo, Ramoly, Mohamed, David, Moorba, Francois, and Hurry, have visited
Libya, whereas only four MMM leaders have visited that country.

An immense amount of work remains to be done after the MMM/PSM victory is pro-
claimed next Saturday [13 June]. "Over the next 5 years it will be up to us to
give back to Mauritius the sense of honor and pride proper to it and to ensure
we are respected in the international arena," concluded the MMM/PSM leader
responsible for foreign affairs questions.

Foreign Policy Is Hampering Development
Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT 5 Jun 82 p 2

[Text] The present foreign policy of the government is hampering the economic
development of the country because this government has a very bad image abroad.
It was on this important point that Jean Claude de 1'Estrac based his speech on
television on Tuesday [2 June]. Jean Claude de 1'Estrac and Kader Bhayat
appeared on the MMM/PSM program.

De l'Estrac, the MMM/PSM leader responsible for foreign affairs, stated that
the present government has a reputation of being a beggar, of being corrupt, of
being ineffective, and-of being a specialist in changing its mind. Foreign
countries, and particularly those of the European Economic Community, are very
désirous of helping Mauritius, but the government cannot take advantage of this
since it has no viable projects on hand for implementation. The government
prefers to borrow money through commercial channels at very high rates of
interest. .

Several foreign countries would welcome a change in Mauritius, Jean Claude de
l'Estrac stated. Also, the MMM/PSM alliance has developed very extensive
relations with foreign countries, particularly with India and the socialist
government of France. Mrs Indira Gandhi, the Indian prime minister, has met
with leaders of the MMM/PSM leaders such as Aneerood Jugnauth, Kader Bhayat,
Paul Berenger, and recently with Jean Claude de L'Estrac himself. Regarding
the socialist government of France, it.is following the situation closely, and
Guy Penne, the counselor of President Mitterrand, has given assurances that
France would provide assistance to a socialist government in Mauritius.

14



The end of this official: visit was marked by a report on the various contacts
between the two ministers being signed at the embassy of the People's
Republic of the Congo in the USSR.

This report takes note of the emphasis made by both sides on:

--increasing the number of Congolese cadres that will be trained in the
USSR and making that training more profitable.

--aid from the USSR to the People's Republic of the Congo in its current
policy of creating a network of technical and vocational education centers
at the elementary, secondary and higher levels.

Besides his contacts with the Soviet side, the minister of national education
had very fruitful talks with the various branches of the UJSC-USSR in the
towns which he visited, bringing to them the message of the political
leadership in this year which marks the start of the plan. The minister

was able to ascertain the degree to which the young people are organized

and their degree of maturity to face the problems of their student life.

8796
cso: 4719/1135



Regional Co-operation:

—

lin ‘the West that there
jshould be less government
jand more. private initia”
ltive. But in the ex-colo-
{nial Third World, the indi-
?genous private institutions
were buried under the
'araphernalia of empire.
\ The inheritor governments
‘are the principal. agents
lof charge and they are
‘fikely to remain so for
“many years more. A regio-
inal cooperation at the
"government level among
jthe islands (Seychelles,
|Comoro, Reunion, M: Mada-
igascar and Mauritius) will
thelp these. islands econo-
jmically and culturally.
; To avoid a self wallo-
wing, the islands of Indian
Ocean have often turned
itowards the West for a
‘search of an integration
ttowards plurality. Or any-
thing attempted at to bring
these islands together in
|. the past had been bound to
\ fail because: it had been
: devoid of all the due se-
- riousness. The islands can
and should establish a
constant contact and dia-
; logue with the aim to af-
:. firm not only their identity
and authenticity but also
“to integrate towards that
\ rich plurality which these
islands offer.
\ The islands of Indian
‘Ocean have, in: the colo-
inial days, shared and ex-
 perienced a common his-
tory and there exist va-
ptious affinities which
¢ should be exploited for a
' better economic and cul-

4

f ‘itis isa populist sentiment _

20

One of the Alternatives

, tural development for the
islands themselves. They
i have known slavery, mi-

grant workers, migration
from Europe as well as
migration from one island
to another.

In Comoro Islands, there
is a mixed stock of Arab,
African and Malay. In
Madagascar, there are
people of indonesian ori-
gin together with Africans,
Europeans, Indians and
Chineses. The Reunion is-
‘land constitutes predo-
* minantly of people descen-
ded from the early French
\-settlers. There has also
been migration from India
and China towards this
island. In Seychelles, there
are the descendants of
early French settlers and
african slaves.

Constant contact with
{ their original homeland,
: either through regular vi-
{sits or correspondence, has
played a remarkable role
in maintaining or, even, in
the evolution of the dif-
ferent cultures. At the lin-
guistic level, these islands
are remarkably rich as
well. Various languages
and dialects are spoken
and written. After years of
prejudice, creole, former-

ly considered as a language
‘of slaves, is making a re-
& markable breakthrough.
© The different religions —
* Islam, Christianity, Hin-
;; duism and Buddhism —
» have also played an im-
3-portant part in the preser-
;. vation of the cultures.

i But these cultures after



291112

JPRS 81685

1. September 1982

FBIS

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2684

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY

NATIONAL TECHNICAL |
INFORMATION SERVICE
US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 i



It was quite obvious that speed re-
strictions had a positive effect on fuel
saving, he said. -

But an important aspect which had
been largely overlooked in the hue and
cry over speed restrictions was the fact
that a ‘considerable ‘proportion of fuel
was used in urban areas. - *

SA Must Rely on Coal-Based Fuels

Efforts to speed
as the synchronisation of traffic lights,
the introduction of staggered working
hours’ and possibly other measures
might well result in significantly high-
er fuel. savings than those so far
achieved by imposing speed restric-
tions on open roads.”

SOUTH AFRICA can
forget about the pos-
sible overnight large-
scale introduction of
totally new motor fuels,
and would have to rely
heavily for a long time
on coal-based fuels, Dr
Ernst Uken, executive’
director of Fedhasa,
said.

Former Director of
.the ‘SA Road Safety
Council and’ former
Energy Adviser of the
National Institute for
Transport Research of
the CSIR, Dr Uken said

able coal reserves.

She ranked as the se-
venth largest producer
at 98 million tons in
1979, with an expected
growth rate of 175 mil-
lion tons by 1985 for
economic and strategic
reasons.

After outlining and
discussing various fuel
substitutes under re-
search, he said that-
existing technology and
capital invested by oil
companies and the mo-
tor industry would pre-
vent . an overnight,

South Africa fortunate- large-scale _introduc-
ly had “massive” coal tion of totally new mo-
reserves. tor fuels with different

Estimates were that properties. se
the Republic’had some — Meanwhile, fuels

61000 million tons of
economically .recover-

such as Sasol petrol

the - distribution « net-

work, ‘provided.“:no
modifications to ‘en-

gines were required... ~

As the Sasol projects
developed, South: Afri-

ca’s dependence’ on im-’

ported crude ‘would
diminish. “

Continuing price “in!

creases and the ‘de-
creasing supply of
crude’ during this ‘de-
cade, increasingly so in
the next 10 years, would

“hasten South Africa's

were being accepted in

dependence on coal.

The existing method‘

used to refine petrol
from coal would prob-

ably be overtaken by a

more economic...and
energy efficient pro-
cedure within 10 years,
Dr Uken predicted...

SA Faces More Fuel Shortages

cso:

4700/1737

SOUTH AFRICA must be on guard and prepared
for further fuel shortages, the convention was war-
ned.

'A leading civil engineer and expert on transport
said the energy supply of the Western world in gen-

i veral and South Africa, in particular, was by no

means secure.
“The oil producing regions of the world are gener-

« -ally politically unstable or unfriendly, or both, and

our dependence on oil from these sources is sub-
stantial,” said Mr Victor Prins.
‘Two implications stood out for South Africa.
Firstly, she should be prepared for the occurrence

: of a shortfall and be geared to meet it “with plans

ready on the shelf.”
‘Secondly, when these plans have been generated,

. a wide range of consumer orientated options should

be considered and thoroughly evaluated.
‘Not going through such a broad procéss could only
lead to the inefficient use of taxpayers’ money and

‘unnecessary hardships to certain sectors of the pop-

ulation.
“The time to do the planning is now,” said Mr
Prins. -

43



ELF-Congo: To Maintain the Party's Presence

Despite many technical problems arising everywhere, the party cells stopped
being active there since last July. All reports on.activities submitted are
nothing but pure formality. A reorganization is due to make sure that the
party is present in that company.

AGIP-Recherches Congo: .The Good Effect of Cooperation

After visiting the Loango offshore platforms, the ministry's party delegation
became aware of the good effect of the international cooperation carried out
by the Italian Govermnet in its contribution to the Congolese economy through
the AGIP-Recherches Company. The delegation expressed the hope that such
cooperation will develop in all spheres, including in the advancement of
Congolese cadres.

With regard to the party, the political organization is felt thanks to the
vitality of the chairman of the party cell. The party is mobilizing its
mass organizations; the party's directives are carried out. Rallying around
the party, everybody is. ready to overcome any difficulty to win victories
for the party. The revolutionary zeal of its chairman, Comrade Jean-Felix
Dembe, has..earned him the trust of local authorities and he deserves the
position which he has in the decisionmaking and leadership bodies of the
party at regional level.

C.G. Doris: A Cavalier Attitude Which Must Be Stopped

There are cases where the management of some processing companies (petroleum),
C.G. Doris,for instance, adopt a cavalier attitude toward the political
institution of the party cell.

SONPETROLE [expansion unknown]: To Work In the Interest of the Party

Special attention was given to the behavior of two comrades. who are members
of the party cell. In the interest of the party, they must support each
other and clear all misunderstandings between them.

National Petroleum Refinery: The Right Man in the Right Office

From the technical standpoint, work is 80 percent done and is progressing
on schedule. The inauguration date seems to have been pushed back.

In the sphere of the party, there has been a split within the grassroots
organizations starting in March this year as a result of a slanderous letter
from the management prohibiting all contact between the labor union and

the management, including the holding of general union meetings on company
premises.

Faced with this situation, the head of the party cells seems to have gone
over to the side of the company. Meanwhile, the party is sacrificed, the
activists are left to their own resources and are reported to be acting like
anarchists.



In the thermal power plant of Pointe-Noire, the four old generating sets,

now used as backup sets, are practically out of order. The SNE intends to
make available a large amount of money for the purchase of spare parts to

get the generating sets into operating order in case there is a breakdown

in the line between Loudima and Pointe-Noire.

On 19 May this year, the company Spie Batignolles handed over to the SNE the
management of the posts and Loudima-Pointe-Noire line in Mongo-Kamba.

With regard to the party and grassroots organizations, work is not being
done as it should. There is a lack of drive, particularly when the chairman
of the party cell, who is often on working trips abroad, is not there.

SNDE [expansion unknown]: A Deal Diverted in Favor of Processing Companies

To provide adequate supplies of drinking water for the population of Pointe-
Noire, four wells have been sunk, one in Matende and three others near the
village of Loandjili. Arrangements are still to be made to get these wells
fully equipped. There is also a problem of a technical nature (the access
road to the three wells is boggy and not passable). It seems that it is
impossible ‘to lay down the pipes, a fact which has greatly delayed the use
of these wells.

In the matter of bathroom plumbing and wanting to help the SNDE, the
ministerial party committee approached the comrade minister, who agreed to
let the SNDE install the plumbing system in most of the plants (ELF-Congo)
now being built in Pointe-Noire. _Unfortunately, it seems that the job
assigned to the SNDE was passed-on to a processing company with the blessing
of the SNDE management.

As for the party activity, the chairman of that cell is trying to guide his
ship to safe port with his unshakable faith in the mission of the party.

Hydro-Congo: Where Did the Spare Parts:Go?

There have been some technical difficulties in this production plant.

For instance, at the gas plant (located in the port) the equipment is
beginning to show signs of wear and tear due to corrosion. The stored gas
is leaking out in some places. Then.there is the problem of the spare
parts which.Hydro-Congo had ordered. Nobody knows what happened to these
spare parts after they reached the port of Pointe-Noire. Confronted with
this type of problem, the management of Hydro-Congo seems to close its eyes
or turn a deaf ear.

There is a small satisfactory development affecting every aspect of the
activity of the party cell-and its mass organizations. Proudly, the president
of the cells accompanied by the regional director of the plant, showed the
building which will house the party cell and its mass organizations. It has
offices and a large conference hall.



into two rivers that flow into the Indian Ocean. It was necessary to bore
and dynamite 82.5 kilometers of tunnels for that project. By so doing, how-
ever, the Sunday River and the Fish River are able to irrigate close to 64,000
hectares of citrus groves’and farmland along their banks.

cso: 4720/20

56



FUNDS FOR NINETY-NINE-YEAR LEASEHOLD SURVEY APPROVED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 11

[Text]

THE Cabinet has ap-
proved new measures.
to overcome one of
the major hurdles
blocking implementa-
tion the 99-year lease-,
hold scheme . for
Blacks, the Minister
of co-operation and

Development, Dr
Piet Koornhof, said
yesterday.

He was speaking ata
seminar .in Pretoria at
the Unisa school of
business leadership.

“] am referring to the
fact that many towns
where the leasehold
scheme applies or large
protions of such towns
have not been cades-
trally surveyed and that
the ad hoc approach of
doing the work piece-
meal and often having
sto leave the individual
to make his own ar-
‘Tangements to have a
stand surveyed — some-
times at high and even
inhibitory cost '— has
not been satisfactory,”
he said. .

“The lack of a reser-
voir of surveyed sites

and the high cost of -

surveying on an indivi-
dual and.even extended
basis have stood in the
way of implementing
the leasehold system

“Even though ‘the so-
called A B and Csysteni
of plans to meet the
problem was devised
and produced some re-
sults the pace was still

39

slow and too costly.”
The. Steyn commit-
tee, Dr Koornhof said,
had made recommenda-
tions which, if applied,

would help’ greatly in‘

speeding up implemen-
tation of the leasehold
system.

These recommenda-
tions had been ap-
_Proved by the Cabinet
and were effective im-
mediately.

It was estimated, he
said, that countrywide
there .-were. ‘about
370 000: , .. residential
stands “(excluding So-
weto) where the lease-
hold ‘system: was’ appli-
ance’and .which had to
be surveyed eventually.

“The Steyn commit-
tee concluded that the

only way. to dispose of |

the necessary surveys
as soon as possible is to

undertake the work on~

a :programme : basis,
‘supported ' ‘by: : the
necessary finance,”. Dr
Koornhof ‘said. '*:..-”
The committee had

‘negotiated -with the

surveying profession,
which had responded
positively, he said.

“They agreed to re-
duce their fees consid-

. erably to meet us on the

financial side with the
counter benefit to them
that if we could under-
take some Sort of joint
programme on a ‘mass
basis and finance it,
their ‘members would
stand to “gain: rather

SOUTH AFRICA



unity. The reasons are known and it would be superfluous to discuss them in
greater detail. But what is new and worthy of being pointed out in this
Africa, so heartbreaking because of the egotisms, fratricidal wars and the
ideological or tribal--not to say cultural--intolerances of the former inter-
vening colonizers, is the awakening and maturity that Gambians, of English-
speaking heritage, and Senegalese, of French-speaking heritage, have
exhibited in this matter.

Some disparagers, always ready to encourage the ferment of division among
Africans, remarked maliciously, from their side on this effort at unifica-
tion, "another one!"

Indeed, a number of previous experiences led people to believe that Africa
was incapable of exhibiting the ability to rise above situations and a
spirit of solidarity to organize its essential unity and consequently
strengthen its independence and its opportunities for progress and develop-
ment.

Sengalese and Gambians, conspicuously both countries; professionals and
young literates, are in the process of refuting this assertion that is too
quickly given the force of dogma by the continent's critics.

Senegambia, because of the desire of its leaders, and also its children, is
on the move; and nothing will be able to stop it now. Its inner spirit
already gives a glimpse of a certain number of changes in attitudes and
behavior of which the rapprochements that are taking shape in this part of
West Africa are proof.

9064
CSO: 4719/1178

27



LABOR DISPUTE SETTLEMENTS MADE EASIER

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 9

[Text]

NEW legislation

. aimed at dramatically

streamlining the ma-
chinery and —pro-
cedures for settling
labour disputes was

announced in Pre- |

toria last night by the |

Minister . of Man-
power, Mr Fanie Bo- -
tha. +

The proposed legis-
lation is to be published
in the Government Ga-

zette today. The main |

thrust will be:
@ An amendment’ to
existing legislation to
allow labour organisa-
tions, including unre-
gistered trade unions
and unregistered em-
ployers’ organisation,
access to machinery to
settle disputes, and
@ A speeding up of con-
ciliatory procedures to
resolve disputes which
can disrupt the econ-
omy of the country.
The draft Labour Re-
lations Amendment Bill
(1982) was being pub-
lished for general infor-
mation _and comment:
from all interested par-
ties, Mr Botha told a’
Press . conference in
Pretoria yesterday.
The draft legislation
would be’ adjusted in
accordance with the
comment where necess-
aty. .

It arose from the De-
partment of Man-
power’s determination
to keep abreast-of de-
velopments iin the la-—
bour field,.Mr Botha
said. =

He said early publica-
tion of the draft legis-
lation was indicative of
the department's desire
for consultation.

“The purpose of
these proposals is to
streamline the concilia-
tion machinery and to
fill a gap in existing
legislation as far as ac-
cess to dispute-settling
machinery outside the '
industrial council sys-
tem in concerned,” Mr
Botha said. .

. At present members;

of an unregistered
trade union or em-
ployers’ organisation

could apply for a concil-
iation board in their
own right, but the
union or organisation
itself was legally barred
from doing so.

The proposed amend-
ment made provision
for an unregistered
union or employers’ or-
ganisation to represent
its members in its own
name on a conciliation
board, the minister

r
, and promoting harmon- '

ious relations between
employees and .em-
ployers.”

Mr Botha said the

- amendment would be to

Section 35. of the La- '
bour Relations Act.

It. would “provide an
official forum for the
settlement of. disputes
in industries and areas
where “no ': industrial

4h

SOUTH AFRICA

council has jurisdiction
and where one of the
parties is a representa-
tive unregistered trade
‘union. or. unregistered:

employers’ - . organisa-
tion.
: “The proposed

amendment :... . pro-
vides for the unregis-
tered trade union or or-
ganisation to-apply for,
subject to the existing
conditions, and to rep-
resent its members ona
conciliation board in its

| own-name. .

» “In, the. nature of

“things, each such appli-

cation’ will be consider-
ed on:its merits.”

+ The’ concession was
| not unqualified, he told

a.Press conference in

Pretoria.
Organisations apply-

ing would need to rep-

‘resent more than 50
percent of workers or

employers. They would
‘also have to comply
with such requirements
that a copy of their con-
stitution be submitted
to the registrar and
that he be supplied with
the address of the orga-
nisation's head office

as well as the names of ©

office bearers and offic-
ials.

Such organisations
would also have to have

a properly-kept register _

~ of members and proper

books of account’ and
the head office had to
be within the republic
of South Africa.

The second part of
the proposed amend-



SENEGAL

SECOND PHASE OF SENEGAMBIAN CONFEDERATION ACHIEVED
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 3-4 Jul 82 pp 1, 17
[Article by Bara Diouf: "The Spirit of Kaur"]

[Excerpt] At Banjul, Senegambia has just taken another step in the second
phase of its practical application.

After the agreement to establish the confederation of Senegal and Gambia
went into effect on 1 February 1982, there remained the writing and adoption
of various memoranda of understanding to permit the regular functioning of
the confederal state thus established.

Indeed, these memoranda of understanding affect numerous and varied areas,
each as important as the other. They deal with the confederation's
institutions and budgetary regulations, and coordination of the confederated
states' foreign policies, topics that were the object of a Senegalese and
Gambian ministerial meeting held in Banjul from 29 June to 2 July 1982.

For 4 days without a break, the two countries; experts exchanged views on
these different problems,‘in order to reach, in a spirit of friendship and
perfect harmony, the drafting of definitive tests that will be submitted
without delay for the ratification of Presidents Abdouf Diouf and Dawda
Jawara.

Other meetings will follow, as often in Dakar as Banjul, to discuss the
other areas that enter into the confederation's scope of application.

Therefore, despite the obstacles, often difficult to surmount, that one
always meets when moving from the planning stage to implementation, the
spirit of Kaur has triumphed.

How could it have been otherwise in the face of the insistence, determination
and will displayed; by: Presidents: Abdou Diouf and Dawda:Jawara :ta:move::quitkly
from the dream to the reality?

Always, even as far back as the remote times of the beginning of the coloniza-

tion, Senegalese and Gambians have been challenged by the obligation to
harmonize their relations and the need to organize their cohabitation toward

26



ficient bodies of the State Se-

curity Management System.
Regular liaison has already
improved interdepartmental
relations and ensured more
realistic joint planning, which
enables this organization to
function effectively and to take
timely precautions.

ARMAMENTS SUPPLY
Armaments Corporation
of South Africa Limited

Armscor’s task is to provide
for the armaments require-
ments of the RSA asefficiently
and economically as possible.
As a manufacturing and pro-
curement agency it controls
the following categories of
manufacture:

Arms

TT Ammi

Missile technology

Electro-optics

Aireraft. manufacture and |

maintenance
Pyrotechnic products
Armoured vehicles
Operational vehicles
Vessels
Radar and computers
Telecommunications
+ Weapons electronics
| Maritime technology
| Electronic warfare
Mainly as a result of stra-
tegic and economic considera-
tions. Armscor handles the
manufacturing actions of al-
most half of the above-
mentioned categories through
| full-subsidiary companies.
while the rest is undertaken by
contractors from the private
sector. The total expenditure
portfolios for the financial
years 1980/81 and 1981/82.
amount to RM1432 and
RMI540. respectively.

In order to phase out the
last remaining imports of stra-
tegic and sophisticated arma-
ments, the manufacturing ca-
pacity of several of Armscor’s
own subsidiaries as well as
that of some private firms was
expanded to a level where not

| only the country’s total _re-

quirements could be met. but

where a reserve capacity would
also be available for a possible

is still lacking it is being made
available to manufacturers
with the necessary capabilities.
Where such technology is not
readily available as a result of
the arms embargo. the problem
is being overcome by local
processes of research and de-
velopment.

This reserve production ca-
pacity. together with the av:
ability of advanced technolo- |
gy, forms the basis for arma-
ments exports, an activity
managed by Armscor with
satisfactory results,

{a order to obtain a com-

Anology—

and the multilauncher artillery
rocket system and these some-
what overshadowed the new
R4 rifle and its matching 5,56
mm ammunition as well as the
taking into service of the Samil
operational vehicles and the
strike craft surface-skimming
missile.

Highlights in local develop-
ment were a mobile tropo-
telecommunication system for
tactical command and control
and ultra-high frequency/
single-sideband radios with
frequency-hopping ability for
security communication.

SELF-SUFFICIENCY

Self-sufficiency is the local
ability to conceptualize
products and systems in order

“plete picture of the armaments

situation in the country and to
rationalize the industry with
its almost 105000 employees
(Armscor subsidiaries 29 000
and private contractors
76000), Armscor now also
controls the export of arma-
ments to other countries.

HIGHLIGHTS

The production capacity of
all Armscor’s manufacturing
subsidiaries has been in-
creased, either by the ex-
pansion of existing facilities or
by the erection of new installa-
tions such as the new explo-
sives and propellant installa-
tion at Kranzkop, Wellington,
and the new quick-fire installa-
tion at Elandsfontein, Pretoria.
These modern facilities have
led to an improvement in the
utilization and employment of
manpower. This expansion
programme was completed
within the estimated cost and
time schedules without affect-
ing current production. After-
the completion of the pro-
gramme the: Corporation's
total assets amounted to
RMI1300.

As regards products, con-
siderable attention was devo-

63

“to satisfy local requirements

and then to develop and pro-
duce these without direct as-
sistance from abroad. This
does not include certain non-
critical components which
could be made locally but are
being i:.corted at more
economical prices.

To achieve self-sufficiency.
a supporting infra-structure
with high technological capa-
city and facilities has to be
developed. such as that re-
quired for precision metal
casting and machining, cast
multi-base propellants. special
steel, thin and thick film sub-
strata and multi-layer etching
boards. optic glass, quartz
crystals, light amplifiers.
monolithic integrated circuits.
artillery grenade forged pieces,
ete.

Categories where the level
of self-sufficiency has already
been achieved are:

Artillery guns and rockets

Artillery fire-control equip-

ment

Short-range guided missiles

Mini-computers

Mine detectors, mine deto-

nators and mine-resistant

vehicles

Operational vehicles

Armoured vehicles

Tactical telecommunication



CONGO

USSR-CONGO STRENGTHEN COOPERATION IN EDUCATION
Brazzaville. ETUMBA in French 5 Jun 82 p 7

[Text] On this year which marks the 20th anniversary of cultural cooperation
between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the People's Republic

of the Congo, Comrade Antoine Ndinga-Oba, member of the Central Committee
and minister of national education, was invited by the Soviet Government to
pay an official vist to the USSR.

The minister was in the USSR from 20 to 29 May at the head of a delegation
from his department and he returned to Brazzaville on Tuesday, 1 June.

Comrade Ndinga-Oba's visit to the USSR was an opportunity for the Ministry
of National Education of the People's Republic of the Congo and for the
Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the USSR to take
stock of cooperation in the sphere of education between the People's
Repubic of the Congo and the USSR, and to find the means to boost that
cooperation.

In the Soviet Union, the Congolese minister and his party were received by
Comrade V.P. Yelyutin, member of the CPSU Central Committee and minister
of higher and secondary specialized education; Comrade V.I. Koleschev,
deputy chairman of the State Committee for Foreign Economic Relations;
Comrade A.A. Bulgakov, chairman of the State Committee for Vocational and
Technical Education.

The delegation from the Ministry of. National Education was also received
in the secretariat of the CPSU Central Committee.

Before that, the delegation visited higher education centers, technical and
vocational schools, secondary education schools in Moscow, Leningrad and
Kharkov.

The contacts with university and institute directors of studies, the advice
given to.young Congolese organized in the branches of the UJSC [General
Union of Congolese Students] should result in a more efficient program of
studies for Congolese youth in the USSR and in a more active cooperation
between the Marien Ngouabi University and the higher education centers of
the USSR.



Commenting on the way the outgoing government administered the country, Mr
Berenger deplored the fact that the Labor and PMSD [Mauritian Social
Democratic Party] leaders acted against the best interests of the country
to the extent that "zotte fine amarre nous la main pou ene bon periode
encore." [translation unknown] Nevertheless, Berenger said he believes
the country can still be saved if everyone works together in a spirit of
good will.

Mr Berenger concluded with an appeal for labor unity. "The workers have
a strong yearning for unity right now," he said. He said he was able to
appreciate this during the meetings he held recently with leaders of
organized labor.

Mr Gaetan Pillay, the president of the union, who preceded the finance
minister to the microphone, said that the victory of the MMM/PSM alliance
in the recent elections is the victory of the working class. Now that
they have been victorious, the elected officials are facing a difficult
task. The dockworkers today are showing "extraordinary courage."

9516
cso: 4719/1169

17


cso:

4700/1737

arco 4
E-Rabbi Marcus is’ the
© chief chaplain on cam-
pus to the Jewish stu
dents.
: “Whichever faction
at Wits it could be, that
"group is capitalising on
» the tension between the
pro-PLO students and
the Jewish students,
who are very emotional
about their causes,” he
said.

Professor Marcus Ar-
kin, the Director-Gen-
* eral of the Zionist Fed-
: eration, said that the
© attacks were not unex-
© ‘pected. When there is a
state at war, there is
bound to be hysteria on
the local scene.

“It causes under-
_ ground gutter and anti-
Semitic mevements to
rear their ugly heads. It
is a heaven sent oppor-
‘tunity “for those who
don’t like Jews to ag-
gravate a situation that
* is very sensitive to us.
# “It is completely irra-
“< tional, and it is no use
= trying to counter this

sort of thing with a rat-

ional argument.”

'
:
i
t

54



shorta

“CONCLUSION:

present can be attributed to’
various internal problems, ef-
fective security force action
against its base areas, increased
operational casualties and a
of provisi

The extent and intensity of

weak military situation at,

|

| the East-West conflict will con- |

tinue to influence the develop-
ment of the conventional mili-

"tary threat against the RSA.

The West will probably try |

not to become involved in a

broader conflict with the So-

viet Bloc in the medium term,

but because of the vested in- |

terests at stake, the future
course of the present USA-
USSR conflict is largely unpre-
dictable. The presence of So-
viet armaments in the neigh-
bouring countries of the RSA,
which include heavy and ad-
vanced equipment, increases
the possibility ofa convention-

al threat tothe RSA andSWA, |

. even in the short or medium

term. If the Soviet Union
wishes to become involved,
Soviet personnel is all that
would be required. But the
factors that will influence the
development of the con-
ventional threat against the
RSA are the outcome of the
revolutionary onslaught
against the RSA and SWA,;
the involvement of neighbour-
ing states supported by the
USSR andits surrogate forces;
and the preparedness of the,
South African Security Forces.

BROAD POLICY

_Interms of the Defence Act. |
1957 (Act 44 of 1957), the SA

Defence Force, or any part
thereof, is authorized to be
employed —

© onservice in defence of the
Republic;

@ on service for the preven-
tion or suppression of terro-

disorder in the Republi

© on service in the preserva-
tion of life, health or proper-
ty or the maintenance of
essential services;

@ andonsuch police duties as
thay be prescribed.

The SA Defence Force

|
|
|

carries out these tasks and, in |

addition, achieves its aims

within the following frame-

work of broad policy:

— The SA Defence Force
must ensure the security of
the RSA with all means at
its disposal. Since the RSA
does not aspire to aggres-
sion against any state or
group of states and has no
intention of extending its
territory, the SA Defence
Force is essentially a peace
task force. As a result of
the communist threat and
instability in Southern
Africa it must, however,
be constantly prepared to
ensure security and the ter-
ritorial integrity of the
RSA.

— The RSA must be protected
* and safeguarded’ with all
the force at the disposal of
the Security Forces against
any form of internal or
external revolutionary

action, whatever its nature

or origin. If demanded by
circumstances, this will
also include offensive pro-
active action. In this way
the SA Defence Force helps
to maintain an orderly so-
ciety and to ensure evolu-
tionary development.

— The civilian infrastructure
of the RSA must be sup-
ported. The preservation
of life and property, as
well as the maintenance
and protection of essential
services, is a prerequisite
for the effective functioning
of the civilian infra-
structure of the RSA. Asa
result of present circum-
stances the SA Defence

Eorce is becoming increas-
____Force is becoming

61

|
|
1

|
|
|

standardization with a view

other security forces and
civilian organizations. In
future such assistance will
be concerned mainly with
the protection of national
key points and important
places and areas.

It is policy that all popula-
tion groups be involved in
defending the RSA. This
means the: representation
of all population groupsin
the SA Defence Force, in
other words, a Defence
Force of the people for the
people.

Support and assistance
must also be given to
National and Independent
States. The SA Defence
Force, together with other
Governments, makes its

ingly involved in assisting ~

contribution in order to

policy and to help ~
the National and Inde-

pendent States maintain
their security. In creating
an own defence force for
each Independent State the
SA Defence Force endea-
vours to establish viable
and efficient organizations.
In this process the special
needs of every national
group regarding the pre-
servation of its identity and
pride are always taken into
account. Mutual consulta-
tion ensures that these
forces function according
to the national traditions
and circumstances of the
Independent State con- |
cerned.

In order to further mutual
interests and to help ensure
the national security of the
Independent States, mili-
tary agreementsare entered
into with these States when
they attain their independ-
ence, This leads to the
creation of a joint manage-
ment body to co-ordinate
co-operation and aid in
the field of training and



and refusing to slaughter any and the latter with refusing to sell to the
conventional butchers.

At SERAS, they do not deny having a certain number of head of cattle at

their disposal. These cattle, currently being fattened, had been bought in
a neighboring country at such a high price that, if they had been slaughtered
without being upgraded, the company's loss would have been substantial.
Admittedly, there is confusion at SERAS's functional level. SERAS, currently.
at least, is only a service-providing company. It slaughters and packages
for wholesale butchers and other customers. At least, that is part of its
function. With regard to SODESP, it appears that there is a lack of under-
standing between the butchers and the company. Company officials vigorously
assert that they are not refusing to sell to conventional butchers. To sell,
SODESP lays down three conditions. The client mst promise to supply the
conventional market. The prices charged by SODESP should moderate seasonal
fluctuations. The third condition is payment on the spot. According to Dr
Ibrahima Sory Gueye, SODESP's managing director, "If the butcher respects
these conditions, we are ready to sell him meat. We don't have any preferred
clients," he states vigorously. "We are ready to support the butchers and
even supply them." Apparently nobody has been able to establish .a dialog
between butchers and company managers. To hear the company officials, people
realize they are associated with the butchers. Apparently a dialog will
henceforth be possible. But, for now, a lack of understanding seems to have
triumphed and this is a shame. And then the meat production of these two
companies is so limited that it cannot in any way be instrumental in standard-
izing meat prices. SODESP, for example produces only five percent of the
Meat consumed in Senegal. There is the fact that this company goes down to,
at the most, 550 francs a kilo. But because it only goes as far as the
wholesale butchery trade, it cannot guatantee that its prices will be
respected at the retail level.

9064
csO: 4719/1178

34



SIERRA LEONE

INTERNATIONAL RICE COMMISSION CONFERENCE SCHEDULED
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 4 Aug 82 pp 1, 7
[Article by David Lemon]

[Text] SIERRA LEONE is to host the 15th Session of the International Rice
Commission Conference to be held in Freetown in October this year.

Delegates from 47 countries; Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, Food and
Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Member countries and those from the 15 Member
countries of the West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA), will con-
verge in Freetown for the conference which will be held at the Bintumani Con-
ference Centre from October 11 - 16.

The laying out of a sound strategy for the overall development of rice produc-
tion particularly in Africa will dominate the conference.

Competent sources at the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, which is jointly
hosting the conference with the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), said
that the conference will deliberate on long-term and regional rice development
programmes, the technology and medium term programmes for rain-fed rice devel-
opment in Africa.

Documents to be presented at the conference will provide an over-all view of
rice development and strategies over the next 20 years, based on the FAO study--
"Agriculture Toward 2000".

It will deal with the major rice production systems mainly; upland lowland,
deep flooded and floating, mangrove and swamp, and irrigation rice cultivation.

It will also look into the areas of major constraints and potentials for the
development, and outline the main elements of the strategy for increasing rice
production to meet the projected demand.

The conference will also review rice development activities in Asia and Pacific,
Afrca, Middle East and Latin America Regions.

International Rice Commissioner Member countries will present reports reviewing

progress achieved and the present rice development programmes undertaken in
their respective countries.

cso: 4700/1740 35



SOUTH AFRICA

INCREASING RADICALIZATION OF INDIANS NOTED
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 6

[Editorial]

[Text] IT IS interesting that at a time when the worthy of their own background and tra-

Prime Minister proposes to bring Indians

“into the new constitutional set-up — they
will have one of the. three chambers of
the new Parliament and no doubt there
will be an Indian Minister in the mixed
Cabinet — there are sections of this com-
munity which are becoming more and
more radicalised.

There have been Indians in the past like
Dr Yusuf Dadoo, who were. communists
and played leading roles in Black revol-
utionary movements such as the African
National Congress. -

Indians have ‘also taken leading Toles in
the Anti-Apartheid’ Movement, Sanroc
and organisations in South Africa which
have helped to encourage South Africa’s
isolation in sport. .

There have also been Indian boycotts of
the elections to the South African Indian
Council — and there are Indian organisa-
tions which take an increasingly militant
stand about Government policies.

Pro-PLO

We have also the phenomenon these days
of Indians, fired no doubt by the Muslim
traditionalist successes in Iran and else-
where, who identify with the Muslim rev-
olutionaries: overseas, take a pro-Pales-
tine Liberation Organisation stance, and
seem to be using events in the Middle
East and elsewhere to bolster their own
radical viewpoints. ;

However, the great majority of Indians
are non-involved, being more interested
in earning their livelihood and bringing
up their families in conditions that are |

50

ditions.
That, as a community, the Indians have
had a raw deal in places like Pageview is
not disputed.
We cannot think of a worse form of racial
foolishness than the uprooting of the Pa-
geview traders.

The fact that Pageview has not been re-
turned to them, even after the Presi-
dent’s Council recommended .that it
should be, is quite unforgivable.

However, times are changing and the
Prime Minister has made it clear that he
wishes to include the Indians in.a politi-
cal: partriership: with the Whites and
Coloureds.

It is a great opportunity for the Indians to
take their place in the mainstream of pol-
itical life here.

We can expect that radicals will also try to
deprive the Indian community of partici-

| pation in the new constitutional set-up.

We hope, however, that the Indians will
realise that this is an important break-
through for their community as well as
for the Coloureds ‘and that, although
they might wish to see the Blacks also
involved, it is not possible for the Govern-
ment to contemplate this at the present
time.

Now is not the time to'spurn the hand of

| friendship, to reject ‘associations with
the Whites, politically or on the sports
field.

Disappointing

That is why we find the withdrawal of the



MAURITIUS

WAYS TO IMPROVE SUGAR INDUSTRY DISCUSSED
Port Louis ADVANCE in French 1 Jul 82 p1

[Text] Mr Pierre A. Dalais, the new president-elect of the
Chamber of Agriculture, yesterday afternoon proposed a "new
deal" to the government--a proposal that he says would make
it possible for the sugar industry to get back on its feet
and gain the impetus it needs to survive. Mr Dalais empha-
sized the need for the sugar industry to replace its existing
machinery and equipment if there is interest in seeing real
recovery in this sector, in which costs became excessively
high over the last few years. Mr Dalais said he was asking
for this "new deal" so that new horizons can open up for the
sugar industry.

As tradition prescribes, outgoing president Antoine Harel gave an end-of-term
report and spoke about the important issues that arose over the last year.

Mr Harel said he was aware of the new government's willingness to enter into a
dialog as well as the spirit of openness that the new ministers and deputies
have shown toward the sugar industry. Mr Harel said that to the extent that
greater cohesiveness has come about, it will be easier for the sugar industry
to have a constructive dialog and to work hand in hand to combat the country's
serious economic crisis.. He believes that that in itself is a significant gain.

Mr Harel, who discussed both internal and external aspects of the sugar industry's
current problems, said that it would seem that the following steps should be
taken:

1. Abolition of the sugar export tax.

2. Implementation of a realistic policy on wages and salaries.

3. Implementation of a plan to rationalize the [sugar processing] plants.

4, The obtaining, if possible, of long-term loans at reasonable interest rates.
5. Revision of the existing price for sugar for local consumption.

6. Adoption of a more realistic tax policy to deal with the amortization problem.

9516
cso: 4719/1194

23



The President of the SRC, Jeremy Clark, who belongs to this group, strongly
denied that the Wits Broad Left had anything to do with the anti-Jewish
incident.

"It is a despicable and appalling piece of work. We are against the PLO and
would therefore never launch such an attack on the Jewish community," he said.

He linked the incident to student elections for the SRC which are taking place
next week. "It is a smear pamphlet to try and discredit the Left in the
forthcoming election."

A member of the SRC, David Ovenden, a third-year legal B Comm student, yester-
day signed an affidavit to the effect that the Student Moderate Alliance, a
Right-wing organisation at Wits, was responsible.

ewe" know that’ the’ {He ‘returned to’ the

(Broad Left are not re-

‘sponsible, so we decided’

to do a bit of investigat-
ing to find out who
was,” Mr Ovenden said.
<“E“phoned — Brill
Brothers (Pty) Ltd; a
rinting company
hich handles the Nat-
ional Party pamphlets
fin this. area, and pre-
ltended that I was a
member of the Student
[Moderate Alliance
(SMA).
“T.told a Mr John
(Shacks, the accountant
tdirector, that the infor-
imation I needed about

the pamphlet — was~

‘needed by a SRC book:

jkeeper. I clearly stated
pthe name and descrip-
ition of the pamphlet.”
|. Mr Ovenden said that
‘Mr Shacks wrote the
{mame down and went to
{check the records.”

fphone a short while
jlater and said that he
thad received the requi-
‘sition for printing the
(pamphlet. His company,
however, had not actu-
fally printed the pam-

hlet for the SMA but
‘had done the inset work
‘on it.”

* Mr Ovenden’s affida-
vit will be forwarded to
the police.

The manager of Brill:

Brothers, .Mr George
‘Bushney, said that’ al-
‘though ‘the firm «did
print a newsletter for
[the SMA, it did not
‘print the pamphlet.
“We don’t even. know
imbat the pamphlet is

about. We: just know
that we are definitely
fot responsible for it.
never handle any-

of that nature,”
the said.

E The «i e
SMA, Russel Crystal,
ho’ is Jewish, denied
the allegations.
} “I am a true Jew and
tam strongly opposed to
the PLO, as any other
(Jew should be. They are
fa group of marauding
terrorists and I cannot
sympathise with any-
thing that happens to
‘them.
“There is no such.
thing as_anti-Zionism
‘anymore. It is now just
pure anti-Semit
“The Left-wing at
iWits are so desperate at
this stage about losing
the election next week
‘that they will pull any
stunt, no matter how
dirty itis,” he said.
“When. I found out
about the pamphlet yes-
iterday, I had to beg to
one. The first time I
{saw it was late in the
‘afternoon.

‘Act of Cowardice', Says Rabbi

(RABBI BARRY MAR- |

‘CUS, of the Waverley
;Synagogue, yesterday
feondemned the attack

,on his synagogue, “no
«matter who was respon-
<sible”.

“It is an act of cow-
Jardice to launch such
\an attack in the middle
tof the night. If someone
Yhas something to say,

‘they must say it out-
cright and not sneak
faround to get their
‘point across.

53

f “ft does not enhancé
sone’s feeling of good-
will and security. If one
‘can spray paint, one can
‘spray bullets,” he said.
“I feel it is a disgrace
hto desecrate any place
(of worship, and we as
“Jews have never done
(it. If it is a political ploy-
in the light of the forth-
:coming election at Wits,
dit must be kept on cam-
‘pus and not involve the
‘public in. the despicable
(way it has.”



To joint action. ~~ |

The SA Defence Force re-
cognizes the supportive ca-
pabilities of the Inde-
pendent States and en-
courages their participa-
tion in an overall Southern
African military treaty or-
ganization against a com- —
mon enemy. The SA De- |
fence Force also provides
a commendable service to
the Independent States as _
regards sucio-economicaid |
and training. The existing
regional units, ie Black ter- |
ritorial units, established
within the National State
concerned, form the nu- |
cleus around which such |
|

future defence forces will
be developed.

OPERATIONAL
GENERAL REVIEW
The aim of the SA Defence |
Force is to establish and main- |
tain a prepared. efficient and
balanced force consisting of |
an Army. an Air Force and a
Navy, with the support of a
Medical Service; to ensure, in
co-operation with the Security
departments, the national se-
curity of the RSA against any
threat; and to render assistance
for the maintenance of other
__ essential services. _|

‘The present revolutionary
threat against the RSA, as well
as the continued and increasing
assistance and accommodation
given to revolutionary ele-
ments by certain neighbouring,
countries, intensifies the threat
against the security of a
sovereign RSA. In the execu-
tion of its task it is essential for
the SA Defence Force to en-
sure appropriate integrity of
the RSA and its peoples.

In the present operational
situation there is no controlled
neutral zone between the RSA
and the host countries of its
enemies. The result is that the

_enemy is able to establish and

{_can afford to tolerate a situa-

“operat

. tion, In addition, it has a nega-

__that have been conducted

's bases, arms depots —
and logistic routes close to the
borders of the RSA with the
approval of the host country
concerned. This means that
the enemy can cross the border
to lay land mines, to terrorize,
kidnap and intimidate the local
population (who are actually
the target group), to carry out
attacks on innocent people and
then within a few hours return
tothe host country where he is
unassailable. Such a state of
affairs may lead to the lower-
ing of security standards and
detrimentally affect the
morale of the local popula-

tive effect on the soldier since
territorial integrity has to be
respected by the SA Defence
Force.

No government in the world

tion of this nature. Conse-
quently. when the situation
arises. the SA Defence Force
has no other option than to
launch pre-emptive operations
across the border in order to
destroy enemy bases, depots
and logistic routes and in this
way to discourage enemy
action from areas adjacent to
the RSA border. Hostile host
countries have been warned
repeatedly at the highest level
that support to and accom-
modation of terrorist organi-
zations that plan to overthrow
the government in the RSA is
viewed in a very serious light,
and that appropriate steps
against such enemies will be
taken without hesitation. At
the same time it has been
clearly stated that the security
forces of neighbouring
countries that interfere with
RSA action must, under such
circumstances, accept the con-
sequences. The tranquility fol-
lowing across-border opera-
tions in areas in SWA that had
suffered heavy terrorist attacks
is conclusive proof that of-
fensive defence is indispensable
for internal stability.

The number

62

~ during the past two years hi

led to greater mutual co-opera-
tion between the Arms of the
Service. The operational suc-
cesses achieved clearly reflect
the joint and integral potential
of the Arms of the Service. In
respect of the internal situation
there has been particularly
close co-operation between the
SA Defence Force, the SA
Police and the SA Railways
Police. Joint action, the de-
termination of areas of re-
sponsibility and supporting
doctrines are some of the facets
that have already been form-
ulated jointly to unite the
Security: Forces into a well-
knit community able to coun-
iter the insurgency threat.

The SA Defence Force, and
especially the Commando
Force of the SA Army, plays
an important part in the con-

tinuous protection of national

key points, while a number of |

industrial commandos have
also been established for this

purpose. A start has already '

been made with the installation
of electronic security equip-
ment at some Defence Force
installations to supplement
normal security measures. Se-
curity training is at present
receiving a very high priority
and security measures are con-
sistently applied throughout
the SA Defence Force. The
SA Navy co-operates very
closely with the SA Railways
Police as regards the security
of harbours as national key
points.

All four Arms of the Service
were actively involved in
rer:dering aid during the flood
disasters in the Karroo and
the Eastern Cape in 1981. The
provision of accommodation.

food, medication and other
facilities, as well as assistance _
with rescue work and clearing |

up, contributed largely to-
wards normalizing the situa-
tion and restoring the morale
of the local population.
During the past years the
Joint Management Centres

have been developed into ef- |



MAURITIUS

Berenger Promises to Keep His Word
(LE MAURICIEN, 26 Jun 82)...cccscecccenccececescnccnceeeecs

Need for Regional Cooperation Emphasized

(H, Rambaccussing; LE MAURICIEN, 6 Aug 82)...ssceeeceeeeeee

Indian Help Sought to Obtain Return of Diego Garcia
(THE NATION, 2 Jul 82)..c.scccscecenccetesncseenececseeaees

Ways to Improve Sugar Industry Discussed
(ADVANCE, 1 Jul 82)......--eee eee

Briefs

NIGERIA

Briefs

SENEGAL

Media Spots Cost
Gandhi Visit

Compensation for {lois

Surveillance to End

Literacy Campaign

Press on Press Censorship

Second Phase of Senegambian Confederation Achieved

(B. Diouf; LE SOLEIL, 3-4 Jul 82)....

Formation of Senegambia in Implementation Stage

(WEST AFRICA, 9 Aug 82)..

Resuits of Peat Tests Generally Encouraging
(A. Pame; LE SOLEIL, 3-4 Jul 82)......eceeeceececec ce ceeene

Reasons for Meat Shortage Explained

SIERRE LEONE

(A. Barry; LE SOLEIL, 8 Jul 82)....seeececeecesereececccere

International Rice Commission Conference Scheduled

(D. Lemon; DAILY MAIL, 4 Aug 82)........+-05

Petrol Rationing Hits Freetown

Briefs

(DAILY MAIL, 11 Aug 82).......46-

ECOWAS Action Program

16

18

22

23

24
24
24
24

25

25

26

28

31

33

35

36

37



RURAL ROAD BUILDING HAMPERED BY LACK OF FUNDS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 14

SOUTH AFRICA

[Articles by Keith Abendroth on International Road Transport Convention]

[Text]

No Hope of Higher Speed Limit

INADEQUATE

funds and the need _to.
build politically and
strategically import-
ant roads are ham-
stringing the develop-
ment of rural roads in
South Africa, accord-
ing to the Natal Prov-

incial Roads Director,

Mr RB Hindle.

Mr Hindle told the
annual convention in
Pretoria yesterday the
biggest problem facing
the provincial roads
authorities could be
summed up simply in
one word — money.

‘The problem had be-
come worse since the
original oil crisis in
1973 when the rapid es-

.calation ‘of road con-
struction and mainten-
ance costs — started
without sufficient in-
creases in funds for
roads.
. The result was a fall
off in progress of new
works and the deterio-
ration of the standard
of service. ©

In fact, he said, a
specialised study had
shown that at 1980 fig-

THE Governments Director of Energy
Planning, Mr R H Scott, held out-no
hopes yesterday for a further increase
in the speed limit on main roads.

ures South Africa
should be spending
R991-million a year on
roads development —
and was. in fact only
spending R725 million,
or 73 percent of the
needs.

‘A backlog had conse-
quently been built up
and it was being in-
creased.

“There is no room for
complacency,” Mr Hin-
dle said.

“Demand , continues
to increase. ‘and. the

equality of service pro--

vided is declining.”

The public was accus-
tomed to good roads
and pressure to im-
prove them came from
many sources.

But in addition to the
financial and staffing

_ problems of the provin-

cial road authorities —
which. were serious
enough — the available
finance resources were
being further watered
down for political and
strategic reasons.
“Roads are having to
be built for strategic
reasons, or on the ac-
count of the creation of
independent Black

42

states or national
states.

“Necessary as these
roads are for these
reasons, they would not
normally justify consid-
eration for improve-'
ment on grounds of
traffic count or other,
normal priority consid-
erations,” Mr Hindle
said.

In addition, the set-|
ting up of independent |
roads departments in
the Black states had du-
plicated services — and
resulted in further calls
on the limited staff.

South Africa had a
reasonably good rural
road system and there |
was no doubt that this |
had contributed consid-
erably towards the
country’s prosperity.

“But now standards’
are declining and road
construction does not
seem to be government
priority at present.

All construction and |
maintenance - formed |
less than 15 percent of
the total transporta- |
tion cost. :

He said that the present speed limit
of 100 km/h was considered to be a
reasonable compromise on fuel-sa
ing, productivity and road safety.



cso:

4700/1737

than to losé in view of
the volume of work in-
volved.”

‘The view of the Steyn
committee that the cost
of ‘surveying ‘should be
Part.of the purchase
Price - .of ‘ leasehold
rights —. and that the
cost should be'borne by
the. purchaser — had
been. accepted, he said.

As survey had to take
place and costs paid be-
fore sale, and interim
financing source had to
be. found,

“Where most of the
housing “provided to’
date was. financed by
the’ National Housing |
Fund, this fund will be’
the © bridging - source |
from. which — survey |
costs will be met,” Dr |
Koornhof said."

Expénditure ‘by the
NHF would'be recover-
ed in the following way: |

@ When a stand was
sold: ‘under leasehold |
right, the cost of survey |
(which ‘would «already |
have been incurred by |
the NHF during a miass |
survey) would be in-
cluded in the leasehold
right fee and paid back
to the NHF.

“It is .intended to
seek the co-operation
of all the Black local
authorities concerned
so that they partake in
the scheme voluntarily
as it has such great ben-
efits. ;

“However, and this
will be exercised most
circumspectly, the right
is reserved to have a
survey made mandato-
ry if there is reason to
believe the co-operation
is unreasonably being
withheld and that it is
to the disadvantage of
the community not to
survey. :

“After all, we are try-
ing to implement a free-
market system and cre-
ate a property market.

“Even if a person ac-

40

quires a leasehold right
in a stand with no
structure or even just
an elementary _struc-

ture on it, the advan-

tage is immediately

available to him to

make use, of, by his own

effort or an assisted

scheme, the housing
permutations being

-promoted with indivi-
duals, communities and

the private sector.

“It is estimated that
the survey programme *
will take five to six
years to complete and
the government has
agreed to providing a
total of about R28-mil-
lion. bridging finance to
be allocated on an an-
nual basis according to
the work ‘done,” Dr
Koornhof said.

He said it was esti-
mated that the cost of
mass survey according
to a programme would
average ‘out to about
R65 per stand, although

; costs would inevitably

escalate.

‘I have approved of a
simple organisational
structure to implement |
and monitor the pro-
gramme and the private
sector will be,represen-
ted on it.

“Concerning Greater
Soweto, a survey pro-
gramme has already
been drawn up but ‘will
be: separate from the
countrywide one I have
already mentioned. '

“The financing prob-

‘ lem will be met on a

bridging basis from
funds available for the
upgrading of Greater
‘Soweto of which a por-
tion is being- madé
available for cadastral
survey with the view to
implementing the lease-
hold system to its full-
est possible extent.” '

Dr Koornhof said the
Steyn committee had

| other-interesting ideas
| to promote Black hous-

ing but he reluctantly
had to.withhold infor-
mation as all the hur-
dies had not been clear-
ed, | nor . approvals
obtained yet.”



“cedures and a better qual
of information for manage-
ment purposes. In this
7 respect, greater use is made
of computerized proce- |
dures. .

Personnel matters are co-
ordinated ona centralized |

general shortage of trained and
skilled labour, training pro-
gramines have been accelera-
“ted at all levels and adapted
andextended to all population |
groups. Armscor aims to give
toall its employees the oppor-

tunity to improve their chances
of promotion and their living
conditions.

The manufacture of arma-
ments is traditionally in the
forefront of industrial tech-
nology and any national short-
age of technical manpower
makes the greatest impact in
this field. Armscor therefore
contributes more than most
other industries towards the
selection and training of tech-
nical personnel — from ap-
prentices to post-graduate

basis and common condi- —
tions of service and fringe
benefits have already been
introduced. The post level
structure is also being re-
vised and simplified.

CONCLUSION

Events since the tabling of
the previous White Paper on
Defence have dispelled all
doubts that may have existed |
about Soviet imperialist/

Marxist ubjectives throughout
the world, and especially in
respect of Southern Africa.
The establishment of Angola,
Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mo-
zambique as Marxist satellites
in such a manner that limited has completed the link between
manpower may be utilized to the Atlantic and Indian Ocean,
the best effect: improved réle | and this leaves'the RSA as the
distribution in the fields of last stronghold of the West in
procurement, and technology |_Africa, i
transfer between developer
and manufacturer and between

scientists — for all population
groups. Direct expenditure for
this purpose amounts to al- i
most RM6 per year. i

In addition, there is a ten-
dency to structure procedures

It is therefore evident that

- technical and commercial | the attention of the Soviet
functions are typical examples. ! Union, its surrogates and the |

Eastern Bloc countries as re-

RATIONALIZATION | gards Africa, is no longer di.

| vided and that all efforts will be

| directed at the RSA. This state
of affairs places a great respons- |
ibility on every citizen of the
RSA and, in particular, on the
Defence Family. Every citizen,
irrespective of race or colour,
may therefore be expected to
contribute unselfishly towards
a motivated and prepared De-
fence Force which will defend
the country and its people with
determination and perseverance

_against any military onslaught.

In striving towards a more
effective organization, the
management of Armscor has
for some considerable time
been busy with a process of
rationalization. Until now
special attention has been
given to the following:

— The introduction of im-
proved financial, proce-
dures with a view to in-
creased productivity, im-

cso: 4700/1738

65



[Question] Djibouti hosts communities whose origin is the same as that of the
parties to the conflict. What will be their reaction to the situation?

[Answer] It is true, there are people in Djibouti whose origin is the same as
that of the parties in conflict; we ask them to scrupulously respect this
country's policy of neutrality. Any failure to comply with this political
choice will be vigorously repressed, and the most severe sanctions will be
taken against anyone opposing our policy.

[Question] Mr Minister, the OAU seems to be in the middle of a serious crisis.
You are going to Tripoli now. What are your feelings?

[Answer] It is true that the OAU is going through a significant crisis. We
refused to participate in the work of the 38th regular meeting of the OAU in
Addis Ababa to protest the admission of the RASD [Saharan Democratic Arab
Republic] in violation of the OAU charter, which sets certain conditions for
all admissions. Any African state can become a member if it is "independent"
and "sovereign." The RASD is not independent or sovereign and does not meet

the criteria of a state established by international law. Furthermore, the
question of the western Sahara was being studied by the implementation committee
composed of heads of states. The admission question was not within the
competence of the Council of Ministers or the secretary general.

We have informed the Libyan Government of our position, and we shall maintain
that position in Tripoli. If we find that the OAU charter is not being
respected, we will be unable to participate in the council's work in Tripoli.

[Question] What do you think of the problem now affecting the Middle East
and in particular the U.S. proposal asking the Arab countries to receive the
Palestinians in their countries?

[Answer] The Government of the Republic of Djibouti is opposed to any
Palestinian retreat from Lebanon not conditional on a retreat of the Israeli
forces. If the Palestinians leave Lebanon they should go home, not to just

any Arab country. To accept them in an Arab country would be to deny the

future existence of a Palestinian state; it would be a denial of the Palestinian
cause.

[Question] Despite all the peace initiatives, the Iran-Iraq war has erupted
again, violently. What is the position of the Republic of Djibouti this war?

[Answer] The Republic of Djibouti is deeply concerned and worried about the
situation prevailing between Iraq and Iran. We ask these two Moslem states
to stop these confrontations, which can only harm their peoples' development.

We encourage all initiatives--whatever their origin--to put an end to the
fighting between two Moslem states, members of the Islamic Conference and the
movement of the nonaligned states.

We consider President Saddam Husayn's courageous unilateral withdrawal of his
troops from Iran a positive step toward a just and lasting peace.

9855 .

cso: 4719/1213

10



SOUTH AFRICA

SYNAGOGUES DEFACED BY PLO SLOGANS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 pp 1, 2
[Article by Glenda Gaitz]

[Text] FIVE SYNAGOGUES and two Jewish buildings in Johannesburg were defaced
by "PLO" and "Zionist Thugs" slogans on Wednesday night.

The synagogues were Waverley, Sydenham, Highlands North, Berea, Etz Chayim
and Temple Shalom, also in Berea. The buildings were the Beth Din (Jewish
Ecclesiastical Court) building and the Zionist Federation building in the city.

The slogans were painted on walls, windows and memorial plaques. Pamphlets
were glued to windows or slipped under doors and were headed, "End Zionist
Terror Now!" the pamphlets stated they were issued by Wits Broad Left.

"The reaction in support of Begin's Zionist fascism here on Wits campus proves
that most Jewish students at Wits are mindless thugs", the pamphlets said.

The Israeli Prime Minsiter, Mr Menachem Begin, was accused of being "megaloma
niac who is practising Nazi-type genocide on the Palestinian people".

The Palestine Liberation Organisation was described as a legitimate liberation
organisation" which is fighting for the rights of the Palestinian people against
the fascist Israeli regime."

Members of the Jewish community helped synagogue workers to scrape the paint
and glue off the windows.

Police in the northern suburbs received one call after another as synagogues
reported the vandalism. A rabbi said the police were regarding the matter
in a very serious light.

Jewish leaders and students of the University of the Witwatersrand said they
were appalled and disgusted by the defacement of the synagogues and offices
and the scurrilous nature of the pamphlets.

The Wits Broad Left is a group of Left-wing students who are members of the
Students' Representative Council at Wits.

52



cso:

“number of our troops,” said Capt du

1 formalities, such as the slaughtering of _|

Plessis. “This is natural, however, as
their backgrounds have in many in-
stances been totally different. We must
then help our troops to adjust ac-
cordingly.

Leadership by example is one of the |
fine tenets by which the leader group of
121 Bn live their lives. “It is very neces-
sary,” remarked Capt du Plessis. “for
the leaders to establish themselves and
gain the respect of their men. The way _
to do this is to lead from the front. In |
addition, once somebody has been ap-
pointed to a position of authority, we
are loathe to replace him as the troops
learn to accept, respect and follow the |
lead of one man.”

~The Battalion RSM, WOT

Olde-

- wage, feels the fact that the troops at

121 Bn are volunteers, has a beneficial
effect on training. “The troops are keen
and willing to learn and to do what is
required of them.”

The RSM agreed it was important to
respect ancient Zulu traditions. “For
example, when there has been a death
inthe family,” he said, “we give sufficient
compassionate leave to allow the man
concerned to comply with all the Zulu

Sheep. It is very necessary to do this, as
tradition forms an integral part of their
fives.

“Similarly, aman in mourning doesn't
cut his hair for a certain period. For this
period we permit him to have his hair at
a length longer than is normally
accepted.”

The functions of 121 Battalion extend
beyond merely training troops. The unit
first served on the country’s borders in
the latter half of 1980, being the first
Zulu unit to be so deployed, and since
then have returned on many occasions.
It has been found that the Zulu has a
natural ability in drill, and squads have
appeared with notable success at seve-
ral exhibitions in Natal, including the
prestigious Durban Tattoo. A company
also took part in the Republic Festival
celebrations in Durban in July last year.
The unit has, in addition, on ocasions
presented the public with choir perfor-
mances.

121 Bnis starting to make its mark on
the South African military scene, and
with ever increasing numbers flocking
to join the unit at each successive
intake, it seems assured of an impres-
sive future. a

PHOTO CAPTION:

Gnd LH. Quinn, OC 121 Bu chats with — |
the CAO. Capt GT. Wessels, at the unpres-
sive entrance 10 the HQ of 121 Ba :

4700/1738

58



The village is giving them a combination of academic and skill training to
prepare them for self-sufficiency.

Three more such villages are to be established in other regions if the com-
mission's plans materialize.

The object of the nationwide seminar is to accelerate this effort, through
the active involvement of administrators, the state infrastructure and or-
ganizations for workers, peasants, youth and women.

The commission has drawn up directives for the creation of children's affairs
committees, extending from national level to neighbourhood associations.

cso: 4700/1733

12



JPRS 81685

1 September 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2684
CoNTENTS
ANGOLA
Briefs
UNITA's 'Unilateral' Prisonerst Release 1
CAMEROON
Relations with Nigeria Reported Improving .
(AFRICA DIARY, 14-20 May 82). ..ccecscnecccececcccnscenences 2
CONGO
USSR-Congo Strengthen Cooperation in Education
(ETUMBA, 5 Jun 82)....cccecccecceenesecsceseeceneeueeeeeens 3
Assessment of Party Activities in Pointe-Noire Industrial Plants
CETUMBA, 5 Jun 82) ..cceececccescccccencccenccceceeeceeeeens 5
DJIBOUTI
Foreign Minister Comments on OAU Meeting, Area Developments
(B®. Moumin Interview; LA NATION DE DJIBOUTI, 21 Jul 82).... 9
ETHIOPIA
(AFRICA AFP, 6 AUg 82) ccscccsenccsnccencavecceenesesesneeae LL
MAURITIUS

MMM/PSM Leaders Discuss Foreign Policy

Commission Focuses on Needs of Children
| (LE NOUVEAU MILITANT, 5, 7 Jun 82).cacesecesccavceenenseeee = 13

No Soviet Bases
MMM/PSM Owes Nothing to USSR
Foreign Policy Is Hampering Development

-a- {III - NE & A - 120]



SENEGAL

REASONS FOR MEAT SHORTAGE EXPLAINED
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 8 Jul 82 p 3
[Article by Aliou Barry: "Retail Butchers: 'We Are Not Responsible'"]

[Text] As happens every year at this time, meat is becoming scarce. It
has become even scarcer since Saturday, the day the retail butchers refused
to go and stock up at Dakar's slaughter houses. Following-the seizure of
meat from two butchers and charging them (see yesterday's LE SOLEIL), the
butchers have made the decision to stop going to buy meat for resale. "We
are not on strike but we are confronted with a problem that forces us to
stop selling," say the butchers, who met last Tuesday in Cap-Vert's Chamber
of Commerce and Industry under the auspices of the Chamber of Trades.

Obviously the butchers are right to stop selling. In fact, it is absurd to
ask anyone to sell a kilo of meat at 600 francs when he has paid’ 750 francsi~
for it. Indeed, a kilo of meat at Kakar's slaughter houses costs between
700 and 750 francs. During their meeting, the butchers were clear: "The
government has to define a meat-pricing policy, taking into account the new
economic situation. The last decree setting the price of meat dates from
1974. Subsequently, prices were winked at but since then, another official
price has not been established." They are also demanding that the prices
be made public because they are often the victims of customers' insults and
are often charged with an offense and considered thieves. "We are not
thieves," one of them shouted, "but citizens like everybody else, and con-
sequently deserving of respect." "We also have to live off our butcher
trade; everybody comes down on us: consumers, the law and order, and crime
prevention services. Yet we are not responsible for the high price of meat;
we are consumers ourselves; we have relatives who are consumers. As aware
citizens, we cannot sell the way we want to but it is not acceptable in

any country for the cost to be higher than the selling price; we are not,
however, going to commit suicide. We are fathers of families responsible
for our children and our wives." As you can see, the butchers are bitter.

The butchers are not affectionate toward certain agencies like SERAS [Company
to Tap Senegal's Animal Resources] and SODESP [expansion unknown]. As far
as they are concerned, these two companies are competing with’ them and even
withholding supplies instead of supporting them. They reproach the former
especially with having a certain number of head of cattle at their disposal

33



, having resisted the evils of
; colonization, face yet an-
other threat. This threat
comes once again from the
{West with its despoiling
‘tourism and from the mass
media which have helped
\to bring in new life styles,
eating habits, etc, with the
Fresult that more often than
‘not, national ‘values are
‘ignored. A regional coope-
ration will best eliminate
fnot only this threat, but
yalso establish a better
punderstanding of the needs
“of the different peoples.
'Such a cooperation based
on the geo-cultural reali-
‘ties of the region will help
‘to evaluate the risks
threatening the different
“societies.

The islands are all agri-
cultural ones. ‘The eco-
snomy of Réunion is based
‘chiefly on sugar which
contributes over 80 per
cent of the island’s ex-
uparts. The other products
: include rum, essential oils
tof geranium, vanilla, ma-
«nioc and tapioca. The
principal industrial esta-
rblishments aré sugar mills,
‘rum and alcohol distille-
ities, canneries and oil
[pressing plants. The major

4700/1739

21

of Seychelles ‘are
‘copra, cinnamon, vanilla,
patchouli (an oil used in
‘manufacturing soap and
perfume) and dried fish.
‘The Comoro Islands where
'35% of the land is under
agriculture, grow coco-
nuts, rice, sugar, sisal, per-
‘fume plants and spices.
:Madagascar grows rice,
yams, corn, beans, coffee,
cotton and oil seeds. There
are also stock breading,
“minerals and coal mines.
Cooperation at the re-
igional level will group all
;the islands together, and
fan exchange of products
can be made: at a prefe-
‘rential price. Such a coope-
ration will also help ‘the
islands explore, in a joint
venture, the deep sea. It
‘will encourage them to use
‘their limited financial re-
LE sources, manpower and
} technological know-how to
embark on projects which
‘ would: be beneficial to the
\ islands of the region. An
exchange of literature, in-
i formation, music etc., will
}. be then feasible. It is then
jthat these islands would
{gain a real economic and
cultural ‘ independence
| from the West.



NOTE

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sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques~
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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ment was aimed at
speeding up the concil-
iation process, Mr- Bo-
tha said.

It would mean that
the Minister, on. his
own initiative, would be
empowered to establish
conciliation boards
when he considered it
in the public or national
interest that disputes
be resolved as quickly
‘as possible.

Secondly, the Minis-
ter would have. the
authority, in consulta-
tion with the involved
parties, to appoint a
mediator when he con-
sidered such an ap-

pointment would pro-
mote the resolution of a
dispute. At present, the
dispute has to be first

considered by an indus-

trial council or concilia-
tion board. ° .

Thirdly, provision
was made for direct ar-
bitration in any dis-
putes. Such a provision
already existed in the
case of alleged unfair
labour practices and in
essential services.

A further step would
be providing the presi-
dent of the industrial
court with the discre-
tion to release for gen-

New Labor Laws ‘Positive and Welcome’

cso:

eral information deci-
sions, judgments,
findings and awards
made by the court.

In such cases written
permission of both par-
ties would be sought,
Mr Botha said,

However, if this was
refused, the president
of the court reserved
the right to publish

“such information with-

out revealing the iden-
tity of the parties.
This step was aimed
at making _ better
known the activities of
the industrial court, Mr

4700/1737

THE proposed labour
legislation amend-
ments are positive in
most respects and much
needed in South Africa
at the moment, the gen-
eral secretary of Trade
Union Council of South
Africa, Mr Arthur
Grobbelaar, said yester-
day.

“I think one has to

accept that at the pres"

ent stage of a new dis-
pensation in the coun-
try means of
conciliation above
those available are
necessary,” he said.

“Allowing unregis-
tered unions and orga-
nisations access to the
same conciliation facili-
ties offered registered
unions will do much to
fill a vacuum in labour
legislation. There's
little doubt that pre-
vious machinery for re-
solving disputes was
lengthy and time con-
suming.”

Mr Grobbelaar said

. Tucsa — the largest of

South Africa’s umbrel-
la trade union organi-
sations — “heartily”
welcomed the news that
industrial court find-
ings could be released
under the proposed
amendments

“This may well en-
able a body of case law
to be built up and in any
case, the court should
not only dispense jus-

45

tice but should be seen
to. dispense it.”

He warned, however,
that direct arbitration
was not a course of ac-
tion Tusca would be in
favour of.

“I hope it is of a tem-
porary nature and will
be used very sparingly
if the need arises,” he
said. “I also think there
should be some kind of
time limit given to arbi-
tration awards made in
this manner — say six
months at the most.”

Mr Christopher Dla-
mini, president of the
major emerging trade
union movement in the
country, the Federation
of SA Trade Unions,
was not optimistic
about the pi

He said Fosatu. be-

more easily from em-
ployers rather than
merely be granted easi-
er access to conciliation
boards. ;

“J also think direct
arbitration could be un-
fair. Workers should al-
ways have a say in their
own affairs. If an arbi-
trator has to be ap-
pointed, the person
should be the combined
employers’ and work-
ers’ choice.



agreement.

Offering a “posthumous” explanation
for the delay over Radio Gambia, Mr.
Jabang said that translated texts of either
country’s proposals were not readily avail-
able (a sorry display of professionalism to
begin with, I must say). The Minister also
tried to explain why, out of the six pro-
tocols initially earmarked for signing, only
three were eventually signed. He said this
was simply becausé the agenda submitted

‘by the experts was too long and both
parties agreed that the three other pro-
tocols (on telecommunications, transport
and the press) be dealt with in Dakar at a
later date. But what, exactly, has been
signed so far?

Confederal
institutions

Here the two governments agreed to a
Presidency and a Vice-Presidency for the
confederation with the President of Senegal as
President. The President of the confederation
shall be responsible for the defence of the
confederation (although he shall determine
things in agreement with the Vice-President)
and the policy of the confederation.

The President of the confederation shall
appoint (in agreement with the Vice-
President) the Ministers “responsible for
strictly confederal matters” as well as con-
federal officers.

In agreement with the Vice-President, the
President of the confedération shail negotiate,
on behalf of the confederation, all interna-
tional agreements.

In an article entitled “Special Powers of the
President,” the two governments agreed that
should the normal administration of the con-
federation be threatened, the President of the
confederation shall, in agreement with the
Vice-President, take any measure to restore
the normal administration thereby ensuring
the safeguard of the confederation.

There shall be a general secretariat for the
confederation which will be under the author-
ity of the President and shall be responsible
for the implementation of all decisions taken
by the confederal executive.

There will be a confederal parliament which
shall consist of 60 members of whom one-third
shall be selected from among members of the
House of Representatives of The Gambia and
two-thirds from members of the National
Assembly of Senegal. The term of office of
members of the confederal parliament shall
end at the same time as that of members of the
House of Representatives of the Gambia and
the National Assembly of Senegal.

Votes by the confederal parliament. on
matters of common interest. shall be by a
majority of three-quarters of its members.

Furthermore. on matters of social. economic. ,

or financial importance to the confederation
submitted by the President or Vice-Presi
the confederal parliament may deliber

29

vote by majority -
he parliament shall have the power to
iate proposals and it shall advise on the
confederal budget and on proposed amend-
ments to the agreements in the protocols. It
shall submit. every two years, reports on the
functioning of the confederation.

The confederal parliament shall hold two
ordinary sessions a year and the duration of
each session shall not exceed one month.
Sittings of the confederal parliament shall be
public until otherwise decided by the parlia-
ment. Sessions of the confederal parliament
shall be held either in Banjul or Dakar.

There shall be a Council of Ministers
composed of the President and Vice-Presient
and Ministers appointed by the President. The
Council of Ministers shall deal with matters
submitted to it by the President, in agreement
with the Vice-President.

Financial regulations

It was agreed that the confederal budget

shall comprise:
— contributions of member states: gifts,
subsidies. legacies, made directly to the con-
federation; royalties for services rendered by
a confederate administration: interest on
loans and guarantees. and proceeds from
loans; investments or financial shares result-
ing from subscribed deeds or covenants; all
discal or other revenues which shall be attri-
buted to confederation.

In order to determine the contributions to
the budget. the President and Vice-President
shall agree on a formula which takes account
of the economic situation and financial re-
sources of each confederated state.

The currencies in which contributions shall
be paid will be determined by the President in
agreement with the Vice-President. Each
confederated state shall pay all its annual
contributions to the confederated budget not
later than the first quarter of the financial year
which shall be from 1 June to 30 July

The President of the confederation shall be
the financial administrator or director of the
budget. However. he may, under his responsi-
bility delegate his powers as director to the
confederal Minister of Finance, who, in this
capacity, shall be responsible for establishing
votes, controlling the operation of the admi-
nistration and giving directives to the accoun-
tants for the execution of these operations.
The execution of the budget and its treasury
operations shall be subject to both administra-
tive and judicial control. External control
shall be entrusted to a Board of Auditors to be
appointed by the President of the confedera-
tion in agreement with the Vice-President:

External relations
policies

For the purpose of the co-ordination of the
external policies of the confederated states.
__the President of the Republic of The Gambia
and the President of the Republic of Senegal,
shall, from time to time, consult with each



SAP OFFICERS TRAINED IN PUBLIC RELATIONS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 4

[Text]

cso:

4700/1737

POLICE officers on
duty in the charge offic-
es should realise that
the - public should be
treated decently, said
colonel George Engel-
brecht, SAP.

To ensure such treat-
ment, ten Black war-
rant officers were sel-
ected ‘by the South
African Police to be
trained as instructors
at the Soshanguve
Police Station near Pre-
toria.

This’ is the second’
time that warrant offi-
cers have been trained
at the police station as.
the Training College at
Hammanskraal is oper-
atirig at its maximum
capacity.

The course, which
lasts three weeks, is be-
ing presented by the
SAP Division for Ad-
vanced Training.

“The warrant offi-
cers will be occupied in
a supervisory capacity
at the police stations
from where they came
from originally,” Col
Engelbrecht told news-
men at a Press confer-
ence yesterday.

' The leader of the
course, Lieutenant Col-

38

then be in command of
policemen with lower,
ranks at the police sta-
tions.

Col Smal «and
;Lieutenant Johan du
* Rand, ran the course.

“The charge office is,
in-fact, an advertise-
ment. for ‘the police.
People who come to the

charge office, are nor-
mally strained. For ex-
ample, a woman who
has been raped needs
special attention. It is
therefore the duty of
the warrant officer to ,
make sure that the pub-
_lic is treated well.”
The warrant officers
who arrived at the
police station for the
course were: B J
Bhengu from Port Na-
tal; M S Madiba from
the Witwatersrand; OS
Pheeluane from the
Western Transvaal; B J
Gwala from Natal; J R
Mnonopi from the East-
ern Province; M A Nyo-
ka from the East Rand;
M J Mandleni from the |

Free State; J Sediti
from the Northern
Cape; NA Thlathla

from the West Rand
and M § Setole from
Mamelodi.

SOUTH AFRICA



MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

MEDIA SPOTS COST--The National Alliance Party [PAN] and/or the Labor Party paid
out a total of 298,179.81 rupees to the MBC [Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation]
for PAN radio and television spots during the recent election campaign. Infor-
mation Minister Harish Boodhoo provided this information to the Assembly yes-
terday in response to an interpellation from Finlay Salesse. In response to
other questions by R. Gungoosingh and F. Salesse, the minister disclosed that
the respective amounts paid out by MMM/PSM and PMSD [Mauritian Social Democratic
Party] were 17,350 rupees and 15,864 rupees. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE NOUVEAU.
MILITANT in French 7 Jul 82 p 1] 9516

GANDHI VISIT--Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi will pay a state visit to
Mauritius 23-25 August. Mrs Gandhi's visit, announced early this week by
Foreign Minister Jean Claude de 1'Estrac, was confirmed by the cabinet at its
meeting yesterday. In all likelihood, Mrs Gandhi will join Prime Minister
Aneerood Jugnauth in presiding over the first meeting of the Joint Indo-
Mauritian Commission since the‘ installation of the new government. [Text]
{Port Louis THE NATION in French 2 Jul 82 p 1] 9516

COMPENSATION FOR ILOIS--The government will disburse 180,000 rupees to be dis-
tributed to 51 Ilois of Diego Garcia who have not received any compensation.

In other developments, the final formalities regarding the British Government's
Payment of some 100 million rupees in compensation to the Ilois will be worked
out over the next few days. The text of the agreement signed 27 March has been
referred to jurists, and the Ilois expect that payment will be made by the end
of July. Questions relating to the Ilois were discussed Thursday by the Council
of Ministers. [Text] [Port Louis THE NATION in French 3 Jul 82 p 1] 9516

SURVEILLANCE TO END--The new government has put an end to telephone tapping
and mail opening. This news came from the Office of the Prime Minister
yesterday. The previous government had established a police surveillance
apparatus to keep a watch on its opponents and on certain diplomats posted
to the country. Tailing of vehicles, surveillance of residences, telephone
tapping and mail opening were the most scandalous aspects of this police
apparatus. Tailing of vehicles ceased even before the installation of the
new government, which has subsequently given out formal instructions that
all these violations of Mauritian civil liberties shall cease forthwith.
The presence of that police surveillance apparatus had in the past
influenced the conduct of Mauritians, who had to be very discreet in their
telephone conversations. [Text] [Port Louis LE NOUVEAU MILITANT in
French 24 Jun 82 p 1] 9516

cso: 4719/1169 24



The permanent members of the regional and communal party committees——
representing the political commissioners who are away on a mission--met with
the delegation of the ministry's party committee, They had separate meetings
during which they reported on the region and the commune and they reviewed
together all the problems affecting the enterprises of Pointe-Noire which
come under that ministry. Regarding the current situation in the refinery,
they gave vent to their indignation at the behavior of some comrades who are
members of the party cell in the refinery and who sacrificed the party in
favor of the management.

To settle this problem, our political leadership must take consistent and
uncompromising steps as soon.as possible, to make sure that nothing hinders
the good running of this production plant scheduled to go into operation
soon and to eliminate, once and for all, the demagogic attempts made by the
reaction, by elements of the bureaucratic bourgeosis and by their allies.
Because our party has always been ready to crush those who may want to put
obstacles to the implementation of the 1982-1985 five-year plan.

Apart from the situation in the refinery, things are not too bad in the
other plants visited. The only thing that is needed is a readjustment
calling to the attention of conscientious comrades what must be done to
get back into the right track in order to guide the workers to implement
our first five-year plan.

8796
cso: 4719/1135



_Unity‘(OAU) playing leading

maintains a considerable naval
presence in the Indian Ocean
area and has already succeeded

, inextending essential facilities

for its naval units in this area.
In view of the mineral wealth

; of Southern Africa, the USSR
| strives to extend its influence
to this area by assisting terro-

rist organizations such as
SWAPO and the SA ANC, by
creating unrest and exploiting |
this situation, and by making |
use of surrogate forces such as
the Cubans. (The latter are
increasingly being supple-
mented by East Germans.)
During the past two years the
aims of the Soviet Union and
its allies vis-a-vis Southern
Africa in general, and South
Africa in particular, have be-
come more apparent.

ONSLAUGHT AGAINST
SOUTH AFRICA

The influence of the Soviet
Union and the Third World in
the sphere of politics, diplo-
macy and propaganda is re-
flected in various world and
regional organizations, with
the United Nations (UN) and
the Organization for African

~"yéles against the RSA. UN

partiality towards SWAPO
was clearly revealed in the
negotiating process on South
West Africa while this world
body’s handling of RSA and
SWA matters is proof of open
hostility against the RSA. In
many cases this attitude of the
UN is the result of OAU in-
fluence.

It is the aim of the USSR to
tie down the SA Defence Force
by means ofa protracted terro-
rist war in SWA, while at the
same time giving increased as-
sistance to terrorist action in
the RSA. This Soviet aim ex-
plains SWAPO's constant, ob-
stinate and unyielding attitude
in the negotiating process on
SWA. It is a clear demonstra-
tion of communist ulterior

_motives in negotiating pro-

“cesses.
In the onslaught against the

RSA, the USSR had already

planned that, after independ-
ence, Zimbabwe was to play
an important réle in support-
ing the SA ANC. The unfa-
vourable outcome of Zimbab-
we's independence for the
USSR compelled the latter to
make greater demands on
Mozambique. Increasing ter-
rorist activities from Mozam-

bique indicate that President
Machel is prepared to involve
his country more actively in
the onslaught against the RSA.

In order to ensure the con-
tinued support of Angola and
Mozambique for terrorism
against SWA and the RSA,
the USSR is supplying more
and more military aid to these

| countries. In addition to the
current Cuban presence, East
German and Soviet military
personnel are becoming in-
creasingly involved in direct
support for the armed forces
of Angola and Mozambique,
as well as in training SWAPO
and SA ANC terrorists and
planning terrorist activities.
The USSR also supplies
armaments, including tanks
“and fighter aircraft, on a rela-
tively large scale to these
countries. The air defence
systems of Angola and Mo-
zambique have been and are
still being improved by the
USSR. These systems include
advanced ground-to-air mis-
siles and the attendant radar
equipment.

The ultimate aim of the So-
viet Union and its allies is to
overthrow the present body
politic in the RSA and to
replace it with a Marxist orien-.
tated form of government to

further the objectives of the

USSR, therefore all possible
methods and means are used
to attain this objective. This
includes instigating social and
labour unrest, civilian resist-
ance, terrorist attacks against

the infra-structure of the RSA |

and the intimidation of Black
|_eaders and me

60

sof the

“Security Forces. This on- |

slaught is supported by a |
world-wide propaganda cam- |
paign and the involvement of 7
‘various front organizations,
such as trade unions and even
certain church organizations
and leaders.

Since 1979 the Soviet Union
and its allies have continued
and intensified their efforts to
isolate the RSA in the political
and economic field. Inthe UN
efforts have been made to ex-
tend the arms boycott against
the RSA. while the propaganda
onslaught increased in in-
tensity after Zimbabwe became
independent.

Subversive activity aimed at
causing confrontation with the
authorities is being furthered
especially by certain churches,

| church leaders and organiza-

tions in the RSA, supported
by the World Council of
Churches. In some cases
churches, church organiza-
tions and leaders even openly

| lend‘morat support to terrorist

organizations and also take
part in undermining the SA
Defence Force by, for instance,

| supporting those who evade

national service.

Base facilities are at present
being established in certain

| neighbouring countries of the

RSA from where Soviet-
trained terrorists infiltrate
sporadically. Although there
has been a noticeable increase
in terrorist incidents in. the
RSA during the past two years,
terrorists have not succeeded
in obtaining significant sup-
portin the country. The terro-
rist onslaught is aimed. parti-
cularly at obtaining extensive |
publicity in the local media,

an objective that has succeeded

to a considerable extent. Hl

In spite of increasing arms
supplies by the USSR, SWA-
PO's terrorist onslaught in
SWA has shown no drastic
increase and its activities are |
still mainly confined to the
densely populated areas of +
Ovamboland. SWAPO's inef- |

_fectiveness and its particularly



PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL TO STUDY FREE MARKET SYSTEM

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Aug 82 p 11

[Text]

cso:

‘CAPE TOWN. — The
Committee for Econ-
omic Affairs of the
Presidents’s Council
had been asked to ad-
vise the State Presi-
dent on measures re-
‘stricting the effective
functioning of a free
market-orientated
economic system, the
secretary of the coun-
cil, Mr JS Bauer-
meister, said in Cape
Town yesterday.

‘Mr Bauermeister said
allowance would be
given to the plural com-

Position of the popula-

tion of south Africa and
particular —_ attention

would be given to the!

following areas:

@ Actions by which the
functioning ‘of and ad-
vantages attached. to
the free market system
can be more widely pub-
licised for the benefit of
theless sophisticated
consumer in particular.

© Actions by . which
consumer information
and advice can be disse:

minated more ‘effec.

* tively, particularly

among the less inform-
ed and sophisticated

4700/1737

consumers. (The role of
the South African Co-
ordinating Consumer
Council and other con-
sumer orientated orga-
nisations should be con-
sidered in this regard).

@ The provision of ad-
equate service and trad-'
ing facilities of an ac-!
ceptable standard in’
the various communi-'
ties and greater sup-'

port for such fatilities
in order to achieve a

better economic distri-'

bution.

@ Steps through |

which potential entre-
‘preneurs-can be identi-
fied, motivated and
equipped to make a
more significant contri-
bution to the economic
‘development of those
population groups, ‘in

‘particular, that have a

smaller share in the’
economy.

Mr Bauermeister said
tHe committee’s investi-
gation was primarily
limited to the follow-

inj

Factors that ham-
per the participation of
members of the various
Population | “groups
within the’ country’s

46

SOUTH AFRICA

plural ‘ society ‘in the
market orientated sys-
tem. .

@ Factors: that -re-
strict_the freedom of
people to participate in

‘the economic ‘system

and wider publicity for
the: market-orientated
system and its advan-
tages.

Mr Bauermeister said
the committee .was
ready to hear_oral evi-
dence after ‘successful
investigations and the
following economists
would testify: ,

August 16 — 10 am:
Professor J Lombard
(University of Pre-
toria).

August 17: — 9 am:
Professor JL _ Sadie
(University of Stellen-
bosch). 2.15 pm: Profes-

‘sor B Kantor (Universi-

ty of Cape Town).
+ August 19 — 9 am:
Professor SC van N

‘Fourie. and Mr E
“Beukes (University of

the Orange Free State).

‘2.15 pm: Professor P

Nieuwenhuizen
(Randse —_ Afrikaanse
Universiteit),

August 20 — 9 am:
Professor DJJ Botha
(University of the Wit-
watersrand).



"BLACK SPOTS' RESETTLEMENT SYSTEM HIT

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 12 Aug 82 p 4

[Editorial]

[Text]

ONE DOES not'really know what.

the. resettlement of blacks from so-
called “black: spots” has’ achieved

since it was. started in the days of-

that stormy petrel of Afrikaner na-
tionalism, Dr Hendrik Verwoerd.
Whatever the removals have done
fo the ‘grand design of apartheid,
with whites usually getting | ‘the bet-

ter of the deal, the cost in human:

suffering has been enormous. -_
Unfortunately in such matters af-
fecting human tragedy far’ removed

from our lives, memory. blurs the |

painful effect on such families, and
our attitude becomes blasé.

What we know is that people who |

are moved are most of the time un--

happy about having to pullout roots
for new and strange places. To add
to their misery they are more often
than not moved to desolate areas
which can hardly be compared with
homes they have-set up for years.

A preacher on.an English Ser-
vice radio station said the other day
that whites, and others, should take

note of such tragic forced removals. °

He ended in the typical South African,
or rather human, fashion that. if

they were inevitably moved we should”

be with them in spirit.
With due respect to the padre,

who. gave a stimulating sermon on,
the Sermon on the Mount, that kind ~

of response does little to help those
in despair. People should not only

48.

“think on such tragedies,

but there
should be widespread debate and
agitation for removals to'be
scrapped. -

We, most of us South Africans,
adopt the ostrich head-in-the-sand
syndrome ‘when it comes to painful
matters not directly affecting us. Re-
movals are a vicious deprivation to
people, and we should in fact have
carried on such agitation vigorously
throughout.

We have-been prompted | to write
about this because of reports about
300 standowners ‘at Driefontein in
the district of Wakkerstroom, who -
are to be moved from a ‘freeholdTM
area because it has been declared a
“black spot”’.

The people have said they will not
move, which is something like whist-’
ling in, the dark,’ for they have no
choice. They are somewhere in the
sticks and even our airing of their
specific problems in the media is not -
going to stop the inexorable action
by the bureaucrats of separate devel-
‘opment.

Very few of us have the faintest
idea as to where Driefontein is, and
we are sure others would not even be
bothered to know. No doubt there
are others who will shake their
heads pitifully and deplore this act,
but that’s as far as the buck will go.

We like what the priest said in his



ETHIOPIA

COMMISSION FOCUSES ON NEEDS OF CHILDREN
Paris AFRICA AFP in English 6 Aug 82 p 13
[Text] Eyes on the Young

ADDIS ABABA, August 4 - As the world assembly on aging continued in Vienna
today, one of the world's52 least-developed countries, Ethiopia, turned its
attention in quite the opposite direction - its young.

Wracked by nearly the same problems in reverse, the country's authorities to-
day inaugurated a three-day nation-wide seminar to consider the needs of Ethi-
opian children and what the future should hold for them.

Ethiopia is an amalgam of some 80 ethnic groupings, each with its varying cus-
toms and mores, and nearly all characterised by child marriages, child labour
and sex discrimination.

The country's youth - those under the age of 14 are estimated at nearly 15
million or 45 per cent of the population - also suffer from the scourges of
underdevelopment such as malnutrition, and inadequate health care, education
and other social services.

The Government estimates that only 2 per cent of all children born in any given
year have access to proper medical attention, that among all the dying 80 per
cent are children under the age of 5.

Clinging to social customs indicated by such sayings as "children and monkeys
must drink only water" and "children and faces can stand any cold" is of little
help either.

Concerned with changing all this, the Government established a National Chil-
dren's Commission last year, naming as its head of member of the standing com-
mittee of the ruling Military Council, Gessesse Gabre-Kidan.

Dual Training

Since then the commission has inaugurated a children's "amba" (village) in
Southern Ethiopia which has a capacity for 5,000 children and has so far ad-
mitted more than 2,000 orphans.

11