KRUGER GROUP CHIEF DENIES RIGHTWING PLOT ACCUSATIONS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Oct 85 p 15

[Article by Stephane Bothma]

[Text]

THE Kruger Day festi-
vities organised by the ‘
Krugergenootskap for
tomorrow, were main-
ly aimed at involving
the youth in culture
and were definitely not |
a plot by Rightwing
Afrikaners under. the
cloak of culture.

Professor P.G Nel, the
chairman of the
Krugergenootskap, yes-!
terday strongly reacted toi
a report in an Afrikaans
paper that the Kruger
Day festivities, to be held
at the Heroes Acre, in
Pretoria, were a plot
under the cloak of culture’
by Rightwing Afrikaners
to hijack the festivities.

Prof Nel said the report
published “was  “mal-
icious” and was coloured
by party politics in an at-
tempt to capitalise on cul-
ture.

He said ' that the
Krugergenootskap had
practiced culture for the
past 50 years and had al-
ways been open to
change.

“This year’s change _

was influenced by the

‘Year of the Youth and we :

decided to involve youth

activities in our festivi- -

ties,” Prof Nel said.

56

” According to Beeld it
was unusual for the
Krugergenootskap not to
invite the Transvaal Ad-
ministrator or a Cabinet
Minister to be a speaker
at the festivities, but that
they had invited a “stu-
dent at the University of
Pretoria known to be a
supporter of the Afrika-
ner Weerstandbeweging
(AWB) or the Afrikaner
Volkswag (AV)” to be
the speaker at the festivi-
ties instead.

Of the more than 30
wreaths to be laid at the
Heroes Acre on Thurs-
day, more than 50 percent
would be laid by children.

This, Prof Nel said, was
an attempt by his organi-
sation to involve the
youth.

In the past, he added,
the organisation had re-
ceived criticism such as
that the people involved
in the festivities were get-
ting older every year, that
the festivities were far too
formal and that alt the
culture organisations
were not involved in or-
ganising the festivities.

He denied’ that the
Afrikaner Volkswag
(AV) was involved in the
arrangements, but said

SOUTH AFRICA

JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985



JPRS*SSA“85+108
5 November 1985

~ ANGOLA

LACK OF RAW MATERIALS HAMPERS HUILA INDUSTRIAL PLANNING
Luanda JORNAL DE’ANGOLA in Portuguese 14 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] Various factors continue to hinder the accomplishment of production
plans in the province of Huila, according to the report from the’ provincial
commissioner's office to the people's assembly.

According to that document, to which JORNAL DE ANGOLA had access, the rather
poor results achieved by the provincial delegation of agricultural are essen-
tially due to the failure of control over programmed activities and the
domestic and foreign labor force.

The breakdown of almost the entire motor pool, along with the machinery
and the tractors, plus the late arrival of reduced quantities of imported
seeds, and irregular rainful areother causes::leading to failure to carry out
the plans, The current situation indicates that it will be difficult to
obtain figures above 50 percent of the initial target figures.

The construction industry also experienced difficulties mainly due to the
lack of construction materials, In the meantime, the provincial directorate
of construction materials did come up with some high-quality’ products,
especially tiles, window and door frames, and bricks; this made it possible
for the enterprise to stop falling back on the general government budget.

These events, reported by our correspondent in the province. of .Huila and
published in yesterday's edition, are now joined by events in the industrial
sector,

Low Industrial Output

As in agriculture, the industrial sector of Huila experienced failure due to
already chronically insufficient quantity of raw materials, the obsolete
condition of almost all equipment installed in the production unit, the dis-
organization of certain enterprises, irregular supply of technical material,
the lack of transportation equipment as well as spare parts.

Among the enterprises so far paralyzed by the lack of technical equipment.

and some spare parts we must single out FERRANGOL [expansion unknown] a
mining enterprises located in the township of Jamba which has been paralyzed

22



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Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
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Victor works in the ANC's press relations office. It was he and his colleague
Tom Sebina who invited me to Lusaka. "Why don't you come and see for yourself
what things are like here?" Tom had asked a week earlier.

Five days later I find myself at Lusaka airport. Half uncertain about
what to expect. A Boer with a South African passport, no visa and no health
certificate is not exactly invulnerable in Africa.

Rule one is: Never move without your passport. But I quickly break that
rule when the immigration officer sends me to the airport's VIP lounge
without the important document while airport officials decide my fate.

Here I realize for the first time: the ANC has influence. After two hours
an official turns up with my passport. "He is the personal guest of Oliver
Tambo," he says to his colleague.

I get my passport back and pay 100 kwacha (110 rand) for a temporary entrance
permit. During my stay, in accordance with the "Immigration and Deportation
Act" of the Republic of Zambia, I may "not get involved in politics, accept
a job, or stay too long."

Thabo, Victor, Tom and the pipe-smoking Sydney Molifi left South Africa

in the sixties. The longing for South Africa--for a different South Africa
from the one they left--is barely concealed in every sentence, and every
gesture.

Sydney says that one thing he doesn't like about the Afrikaner is his habit
of calling every black man "John." "He is astonished when I tell him that
though we have admittedly not attained the ANC's "utopian South Africa,"
we nonetheless havenot said "John" and "Boy" for years.

Victor tells of the days when he sold DIE VADERLAND in the streets as a
boy. We agree that Pretoria, and especially the Moot, where we both grew
up, is the pleasantest place to live in South Africa.

On Saturday morning I find myself at the ANC's headquarters in a small
alleyway between Lusaka's main street, Cairo Street, and Cha Cha Cha Street--
right behind the Standard Bank.

Can it be from here that terror and sabotage against South Africa are planned,
one wonders involuntarily? A perfectly ordinary house, about eight rooms,
a telex room with a "Keep Out" sign on the door and a few outbuildings.

No revolutionary slogans on the walls. Here and there a photograph of
the Che Guevara and Patrice Lumumba. A poster of Robert Mugabe from which
the adhesive tape is beginning to come loose, and another one of Fidel
Castro. The Freedom Charter on the wall.

The house is almost in ruins. An electrician's nightmare. Everywhere

there are bare wires leading to switches and lights. The World Council
of Churches really might keep this in mind when it makes its next donation.

65



ISLAMIC COUNCIL CHAIRMAN WARNS:

TIME RUNNING OUT

Durban POST NATAL in English 25-28 Sep 85 p 5

[Text] TIME was running out

cso:

for the Government to in-
itiate major changes,
chairman of the Islamic
Council, Ibrahim Bawa,
said this week.

Mr Bawa was among
those who attended a
meeting at a Sandton, Jo-
hannesburg, hotel last
week to discuss the for-
mation of a new centrist
political alliance, spear-
headed by the Progress-
ive Federal Party.

And in a later develop-
ment, Mr Bawa this week
agreed to be co-opted
onto the steering com-
mittee of the Convention
Alliance.

Mr Bawa said the Sat-

urday conference had:

been a preliminary

sounding organised by ,

PFP leader Dr Frederic!
van Zyl Slabbert and
KwaZulu Chief Minister
Mangosutho Buthelezi.

“T was in favour of
forming the alliance
there and then, but most
of the other participants

wanted time to consider:

and go back to their con-
stituencies,” Mr Bawa
said.

“T felt we didn’t have
time to do this. We have
two specific goals in
mind which everyone
present agreed on: dis-
mantling all apartheid
laws and looking at a
new constitution accept-
able to all.

“I told the conference
that time is short, the
country is burning and
we should get moving.”

Mr Bawa said he be-.

lieved much of the even-

3400/152

tual demands of the Con-
vention Alliance would
be pre-empted by Gov-
ernment action.

“We will have an out-
line of what the Govern-
‘ment is planning within
the next three months,
but many of the major
apartheid laws will be
going.”

Mr Bawa said he be-
lieved the Government
had accepted the inevita-
bility of change.

‘On the refusal of Unit-
ed Democratic Front and
Natal Indian Congress
leaders to take part in
the talks, Mr Bawa said:

“T still believe that
such a convention of all
recognised leaders is the
only option open to us.
We will work towards
greater involvement of
the UDF.”

He emphasised that
ICSA still rejected par-
ticipation in the trica-
meral parliament. +

Among those who at-
tended were prominent
business leaders, aca-
demics, sports figures,
church leaders and news-
paper editors.

76

JPRS#SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



Joaquim de Carvalho interrupted our conversation briefly to answer the tele-
phone, and later went.on to say; "This situation.is even worse when the
records reach the provinces and the lack of a document. is discovered. In
such an event, the records are returned to Luanda. Imagine the delay that
this can entail, with the transportation problem that I mentioned earlier.
And sometimes, when the records arrive in Luanda, the Party concerned doesn't
come to our counters to find out about the status of his identity card. Time
elapses and the document continues in abeyance."

"In any event," continued the subject of our interview, in the sharp tone that
is typical of him, "we are expending efforts to overcome this situation;
because the same thing is not happening in the case of individuals who are
natives of Luanda."

Our reporter inquired whether the backlog noted in the criminal identification
section has been caused by a lack of forms or other reasons, to which our
interviewee responded:

"At present, we have noted a great deal of activity in the criminal identifica-
tions section, for several reasons: first, because the DNEFA is providing the
new passports to citizens who wish to enjoy their vacations abroad, and to
procure the aforementioned document, it is necessary to submit the criminal
record certificate, among other documents. Secondly, we are in the period

of school enrollment. Everyone wants to enroll, including children, and for
this they must have the eriminal record. certificate. Hence, these are the

main causes of the. population's presence in the criminal identification section;
not to mention those who go there to discuss their documents because they want
to work in public services or elsewhere."

The chief of the National Civil and Criminal Identification Department also
remarked: "Unfortunately, the Population is not cooperating with us, because
they think that merely by going to the criminal identification sector they

can be waited on, while they visit other criminal record stations. For this
reason, there is no shortage of forms;. there is a greater amount of work and
haste among individuals, because everyone wants to be the first one waited on."

However, owing to the amount of work facing the criminal identification section.
at present, the period for provision. of criminal record certificates is 2
weeks, and not a week, as was the case previously.

Meanwhile, in order to give an effective respond to the public’s requests, the
National Civil and Criminal Identification Department plans to open ‘more tobacco
shops soon for distribution of criminal record certificate forms.

Also. included in the plan of that Ministry of Justice agency is the opening of
a civil identification station in every municipality of Luanda Province, thereby
lending new dynamics to the exercise of its lofty, uplifting task on behalf of
the society.

12



as is implied. If one simply made the proper effort, the situation could
be shown to be entirely different.

We accept the good faith of the South African businessmen who traveled

to Zambia. And if the result of their discussions was a broader perception
of the true nature of the ANC among an increasing number of South Africans,
the visit was perhaps not entirely futile.

12906
CSO: 3401/1

71



Perhaps, it would be uncharitable to say that the British people are
opposed to sanctions against South Africa; it may be more appropriate

to say Mrs Thatcher and her Conservative Party are opposed to sanctions.
This is clear from the statements that have been made on the issue by
British opposition politicians. But whatever the case, Mrs Thatcher will
come out of the conference in the Bahamas with a new realization of the
weight of Commonwealth opinion about sanctions and South Africa.

Another aspect of British policy that has caused some dismay among Common-
wealth countries is the (?openly) downgrading of Commonwealth ties by Bri-
tain for a stronger alliance with the United States. No one quarrels

with Britain for wishing to maintain her traditional alliance with the
United States, but Britain's partners in the Commonwealth are bound to com—
plain when Britain throws Commonwealth ideals overboard without any re-
morse. An obvious case is Britain's decision to follow the United States
in withdrawing from UNESCO later this year. This decision has been regarded
with dismay because, Third World countries in the Commonwealth have come to
value UNESCO. as providing some of their very real needs and also because

of the anti-Third World tones that have accompanied the announcement of

the intention to withdraw.

Clearly, many of the newer countries in the Commonwealth are having their
confidence in the British leadership of the Commonwealth very violently
shaken. Most of them are now looking to a country like. Canada for a more
inspiring leadership of the.group. .It is to be hoped that Mrs Thatcher
and her advisors will allow themselves to be prevailed upon at this con—
ference to change the direction of British policy toward the Commonwealth,
for if present trends continue, the likely result will be that interest
in the Commonwealth will (?sink) lowly among the younger members and the
British monarch will not have much of Commonwealth to preside over in the
years. to come.

cso: 3400/204

29



JPRS*SSA*85~+108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

DROUGHT CREATES AGRICULTURAL, LIVESTOCK PROBLEMS IN NORTHWEST

Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 19 Sep 85 p 12
[Editorial: "Help for those Farmers?"]

[Text] The critical situation in which some of South Africa's farming com-
munities find themselves, because of the year long drought, has been put under
the spotlight once again. In the course of a great rally in the northwest the
drastic measure of selling out about one fourth of the farms in Namakwaland
and Boesmanland has been proposed in order to save that region from total doom.

The thinking is that some of the farmers must be helped by selling their un-
economical farms to other farmers so that it will be possible to conduct
farming more economically through consolidation. The fact that many farmers
are apparently willing to do that underscores the seriousness of the problem
and the extremes to which farmers are willing to go in order to manage a
little better.

It is difficult for the urban dweller to get an idea of how difficult the
farmers position is in some parts of the country. But figures speak for them-
selves. At least 40 percent of farmers in Namakwaland and Boesmanland are
now farming on uneconomical plots and nearly one third of the debt burden ex-
ceeds their profits. This debt burden is increasing daily and farming is be-
coming all the more difficult due to the high rate of interest, inflation and
high production costs. Some parts had good rain eight years ago.

The government is helping farmers in the drought areas, but this is costing
millions of rand. For example it will cost at least 5 million rand annually
to assist farmers in only five districts of the Northwest pursuant to the
new national drought assistance program. This is a lot of money for just a
handful of farmers. Moreover, this is money which, in the present economical
climate, is not so easily obtainable, or could be used for other equally
necessary aid.

An action-committee of farmers has now been appointed for the purpose of
studying the entire matter and make recommendations. We can only hope that
they will come up with a practical plan which can be applied to farmers for
the benefit of the entire country,

7964
cso: 3401/3

100



JPRS«SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

SOFALA OPENS. NUTRITION CENTER
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 2 Oct 85 p 1

[Text] A regional center for food hygiene control has
been operating in the city of Beira since last Sunday;
it is intended to serve the provinces of Sofala, Manica,
Tete and Zambezia,

According to Manuel Julian, provincial health director in Sofala, the center
is a new and major technical facility to be used in controlling and promoting
public health protection, especially through .control over the hygiene and
quantity of food, water for human consumption and for sanitation in the

work environment,

The center has sophisticated laboratory equipment and other instruments
intended for chemical analysis and is also being supplied with enough
material to be used by six technicians. According to information supplied
to the NOTICIAS office in Beira, about 1,000 contos in-national currency
were spent by the Mozambican government on the reconstruction of the building
while $150,000 were spent. on. the installation of work equipment and supplies;
that money. was.made available.through the foreign partners in the environ-
mental health program in Mozambique,

According to one of the objectives of this center, an effort is being made
to develop a series. of support activities for the preventive medicine
programs which will be the basic structure ‘for programs of a sanitary
character in the country.

On the other hand, the idea also is to develop coordinated efforts with
other sectors and provincial agencies so as to improve the living conditions
of the people and to support’ the recovery of the national economy,

Its field of activity covers the provinces of Sofala, Manica, Tete, and
Zambezia; also involed are immediate activities designed on the basis of
contacts established in about 10 days by a technical team coming from the
country's capital under the leadership of Dr Enrico Casadei, director,
National Hygiene, Water and Food Laboratory, and with agencies working in
this field at the Sofala level.

36



Unfortunately, the foreign perception is one of a situation of unrest that
threatens to turn into a revolution, and of government action which is
throwing up barriers instead of digging new canals. Our information campaign
has failed..:In light of this, the foreign investor does not know what to
expect. He actually expects the worst; a repetition of what has happened
fairly often in Africa with the same economic consequences. It is this
foreign nervousness which makes our position shaky and turns less important
events like those of Tuesday into panic reaction.

13084
cso: 3401/290

61



[Unidentified interviewer] 0.K. Thank you very much Mr Cbala. By the
name of God, to your information, the chairman of Secom, Ambassador Emmett
Harmon, will appeal tomorrow night [words indistinct] to answer to some
of the points that have just been leveled against Secom and I hope that
(2proper clarifications) will be made. Let's get onto one other question:
There are reports that some parties are pronouncing [words indistinct]
and given Secom's pronouncements that formal elections results will not
be known until all the ballots are brought in and properly counted. We
all know [words indistinct]. What is the basis of the saying?

[Unidentified party officials] We have definitely agreed that Secom is to
make the official announcement of those who have won or who have not won.
However, we are not being carried away by the [words indistinct]. But,
however, as you said, Secom is the official person [as heard] that is sup-
posed to announce the results...and come what may. When Secom announces
the results, we will respect the results of Secom because we know that God
is in control and His will will be done.

Cso: 3400/201

32



JPRS*SSA+85~108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BUSINESS LEADERS' TALKS WITH ANC
Visit to ANC Headquarters
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 16 Sep 85 p2
[Article by Dries van Heerden: "On Invitation to Oliver Tambo's Headquarters" ]

{Text] The ANC and some of South Africa's leading business-
people met face to face in Zambia this weekend. DIE
VADERLAND was on hand when this historic discussion took
place. Herald Pakendorf took part in the talks and Dries
van Heerden interviewed senior members of the ANC before
and after the discussion.

Lusaka--Opposite me in the hotel room sits Thabo Mbeki. The rising star of
the ANC, son of Govan Mbeki who was sentenced to life imprisonment along
with Nelson Mandela.

The ANC's head of information and publicity, Oliver Tambo's left and right
hand, and perhaps one day his successor.

It is eleven at night. I feel like a load of artificial fertilizer that
has been dumped in the wrong place: hot, irritated. Tired after a day
sitting around in the lobbies of hotels looking for a room.

Thabo looks as though he has just come out of the shower. No sign that

he has been engaged in discussion with South Africa's top businessmen since
early in the morning. And has had to brief all and sundy about the content
of the talks on his return.

With him is Pallo Jordan, son of a well-known Eastern Cape poet. Pallo
was recently elected to the executive committee of the ANC. The fact that
he was in the room with Ruth First when the parcel bomb exploded must have
contributed to his rise.

Pallo suffered hearing damage in the explosion. Today he is in charge
of the ANC's research section.

Victor Moche telephoned three minutes earlier. Thabo is in the hotel and
can he come to my room to see me?

64



BREAKTHROUGH IN MULLET BREEDING FOR EAST LONDON RESEARCHER

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 25 Sep 85 p 3

[Text]

cso:

3400/179

CAPE TOWN — A breakthrough in artificial mul-
let breeding has been made by Dr Anton Bok at
the Amalinda Fish Station near East London.

In a statement issued here yesterday by the
Cape Department of Nature and Environmental
Conservation, Dr Bok said that ofa batch of an en-
dangered species of mullet larvae hatched at the
station, 16 had survived for more than six weeks
and were thriving.

Dr Bok is researching the breeding of several
species of mullet for conservation and angling
purposes. The department has said that if their
programme was successful, they would want to
supply the public and farmers with fish to restock
rivers in which they previously occurred.

‘The mullet are aimed at anglers as an alterna-
tive to black bass, which are a threat to indigen-
ous fish in South African rivers and dams.

To promote this concept, the Amalinda station
has been supplying farm dams with mullet fry
caught at the top end of estuaries. .

‘Their facilities are being expanded to accom-
modate the whole mullet breeding cycle.

At present, mullet are caught in river mouths
at the start of their spawning run to the sea. They
are then given hormone injections to stimulate
egg maturation, after which the eggs are stripped
and fertilised, Dr Bok said. —Sapa

101

JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS*SSA+85+108
5 November 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

JOINT ENTERPRISE WITH PRC--The Mozambique enamelled products plant in
Beira will be restored, starting next year. An agreement was signed for
this purpose in Maputo on Monday concerning the establishment of a mixed
enterprise with the PRC, The agreement was signed by Ezequiel Rodrigues,
chief, planning department, Secretariat of State for Light Industry and
Food, and Yang Delin, general manager of the enamelled products factory in
China. As the agreement recommends, China will send technicians and supply
factory equipment anda part of the raw material, The restoration of the
enamel plant will permit better production with higher quality and larger
quantities and it is expected that there will be enough for export in addi-
tion to domestic supply. On that occasion, the manager of the Chinese
enamel plant said that economic cooperation between the two factories once
again symbolizes the relationships of friendship and solidarity between
the RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique] and the PRC. Ezequiel Rodrigues,
of the Secretariat of State for Light Industry and Food, in turn said that
he hopes that cooperation will be fruitful for both signatories of this
agreement and that the objectives will be attained, [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS
in Portuguese 2 Oct 85 p 10] 5058

CAIA LANDING STRIP ENLARGED--The landing strip of the town of Murraca, District
of Caia, in Sofala, was recently lengthened from 800 to 1,800 meters as part
of a project carried out by the CETA [Structures, Levelling, and Asphalting
Building Company], The lengthened strip can now accommodate medium-capacity
aircraft, in other words, aircraft bigger than those of the TTA (Air Transport
and Work) Company which have been landing here until now. The work. of the
CETA enterprise was based primarily on clearing away the jungle forest that
covered the additional 1,000 meters, as well the levelling of the area. The
landing of aircraft larger than those of the TTA was preceded by inspection
work which involved a mixed team, made up of supervisory personnel from that
enterprise and the Air Force of Mozambique. In the meantime, various daily
necessities and large quantities of fuel were transported to the district

of Caia in an aircraft that made the inaugural flight, [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS
in Portuguese 26 Sep 85 p 3] 5058

CSO: 3442/11

42



cso:

34.00/150 ©

Eight other European!
airlines, including.
British Airways are still!
operating flights to
South Africa, regularly
calling at Nairobi.

British Airways has a
daily 747 service to|
Johannesburg, but stops!
at Nairobi on five of the
flights and flies non-stop
on the two other days of!
the week, a fairly recent!
departure indicating it isi
technically possible to.
cover the distance from
London without refuel-
ling.

The Israeli airline, El
Al, also calls at Nairobi
for refuelling on its
flights to Johannesburg
and back.

Three other Euro-
pean airlines use the
west coast route on
flights to South Africa,
calling either at
Kinshasha or Brazzaville,

Pan-Am, which used:
to fly from New York to
Johannesburg by way.of
Kinshasha, has also
stopped its flights to
South Africa.

Some time ago Qan-.
tas ceased its service be-
tween Sydney and,
Johannesburg and now

84

ends its Africa flight in
Zimbabwe, while SAA
alone maintains the air
link with Australia, us-
ing Mauritius as a re-
fuelling stop.

This Indian Ocean is-
land has become the.
eastern equivalent of the
Cape Verde islands for
SAA on its westerly
routes. SAA flights to
Hong Kong and Taiwan
also refuel at Mauritius
before the long flights
over the Indian Ocean.

With an eye to the
possible stoppage of all
European airline flights

.to South Africa should

the situation deteriorate
drastically, the authori-
ties in Pretoria have
been looking around for
a possible alternative to
Itha do Sol airport in
case Cape Verde with-
draws all landing rights
for SAA aircraft.

At the end of last year
South Africa’s Foreign
Minister, Pik Botha,
was widely reported as
having undertaken a
visit to East Africa on
such a mission.

— London Observer
Service.



SUB-SAHARAN GAS PROJECTS

Proven Gas Re- Liquefaction Capacity Year'on
‘Country . serves. Plant Projects Partners: (bin cu.m: ‘Stream:
i fi om cus): (Operators) LNG pa.)
CAMEROON 300 Kribi Plant SNH 4-8 1987-88
Elf Serepea
Shell Pectem
Mobil Oil
Total
Tepcam
NIGERIA 2000 Bonny Plant NNPC 8-16 1987-88

(Bonny LNG Ltd Shell
in liquidation) Agip

ELF
CONGO 0.66 Plant under Hydrocongo
study by Gaz Congo | Agip - -
ELF

to be located near Pointe Noire and to
make a fresh assessment of the country’s
gas reserves, estimated at some 660 min
cubic metres. But Congo’s entry into the
LNG market will only take place in the
next decade.

While prices gained by Algerian gas ha-
ve stimulated Sub-Saharan Africa’s gas
projects, they have also had considerable
impact on world gas markets, where ‘Wes-
tern Europe remains the largest potential
client. Experts believe there is a good
chance that other African countries will be
able to ask the same price as Algeria. But
in a wider context, African gas may beco-
me less attractive than North Sea gas be-
cause of transport and regasification
costs.

European circles continue to promote
the concept of a «balanced price» which,
they say, would guarantee profitability of
the projects while not discouraging poten-
tial clients.

They argue that if such such a price is
not arrived at, there will be stiff competi-
tion in the 1990s among gas suppliers, and
they add that African producers will be at
adisadvantage such a situation because of
the huge untapped resources in the North
Sea, Norway (with 2,500-3,000 bIn m3 —
almost the same reserves as Algeria) and
the Persian Gulf, which has almost a quar-
ter of world gas reserves. o

cso: 3400/219



SOUTH AFRICA

Buthelezi's Attack on Paper Criticized
(SOWETAN, 26 Sep 85) seesecscucecsecccrersrerccerersecens

White Big Business Seen as Highly Responsible for Crisis
(SOWETAN, 1 Oct 85) .soeee

Government's Insensitivity in Dealing With Kwazulu Issue Criticind
(SOWETAN, 24 Sep 85) wescesscesceccceveceee

Columist Berates Both Left, Right for Lack of Realism
(Dawie; BEELD, 31 Aug 85) ...e..

Schlemmer Examines Causes of Present Crisis
(Lawrence Schlemmer; SUNDAY TIMES, 29 Sep 85) .eseeeee

Kruger Group Chief Denies Rightwing Plot Accusations
(Stephane Bothma; THE CITIZEN, 9 Oct 85) ..

Advice to Business: Do Not Languish in Pessimism
(Hein Swart; DIE BURGER, 19 Sep 85) secesscceeceerseceees

South African Economy's Relation to Political Situation
(DIE VADERLAND, 29 Aug 85) ..

Symbolic Actions Viewed as More Important Than Words
(Piet Muller; BEELD, 29 Aug 85) ssccececcecesceceeseecees

Business Leaders' Talks With ANC
(DIE VADERLAND, 16 Sep 85) .sccecvaccseccecccccescesteeer

Visit to ANC Headquarters, Dries van Heerden
Discussion Perhaps Narrows Gap
Views Clearly Expressed

Comment on Talks Between Businessmen, ANC
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 16 Sep 85) ......

Main Actors Seen as Shunning Alliance
(Sam Mabe; SOWETAN, 25 Sep 85) ..

Plans Underway To Ban Detained Natal UDF Chairman Xundu
(CITY PRESS, 29 Sep 85) .

Open Letter to Minister Louis Le Grange
(Percy Qoboza; CITY PRESS, 22 Sep 85) seececeeseeeveceecs

Islamic Council Chairman Warns: Time Running Out
(POST NATAL, 25-28 Sep 85) ceceeecccvacerecccesccssescees

45

47

49

51

53

56

58

60

62

64

64

67
68

70

72

74

75

76



almost been washed away. If protection measures are not taken, the buildings
in the immediate vicinity will be hit.

However, the complete protection of the beaches in the city of Beira was

not handled correctly due to the lack’ of construction materials; this
shortage means that the ocean continues to corrode and destroy the supporting
structures along the shore,

After finishing the project in the Grand Hotel area, the 30 workers from

the city's construction and urban development directorate’ will restore

other places which are in the same situation. —

This is a routine job which under normal conditions would cover the entire

shore area involved. There is reliable information to the effect that the

high tide, which will appear during the next several days, will not interfere
‘with the work activities.

5058
csO: 3442/11 °

39


JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENT ON TALKS BETWEEN BUSINESSMEN, ANC
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 16 Sep 85 p 8
[Editorial: "The ANC Talks"]

(Text] The group of South African businessmen who deliberated with ANC lead-
ers last Friday in Zambia subsequently made brave attempts to Bive the
impression that the discussions were not a failure. There was even talk

of more possible meetings in the future.

Nonetheless one could detect a certain measure of disappointment about
the course of the deliberations in the remarks of Mr Gavin Relly, leader
of the group of South Africans.

In one of his interviews Mr Relly said outright that the ANC's idea of

how South Africa should be ruled "fall within the Marxist-socialist arena,"
something entirely in conflict with the system of free enterprise, of which
Mr.Relly is a prominent representative.

Without calling Mr Relly's good intentions into question, one almost wants

to ask: But hasn't he known that for a long time already? This ANC ideology
has, after all, been generally known for years and there was no question

of that violent movement planning to diverge from it.

The chairman of Anglo American also conceded that negotiations between

the South African government and the ANC would not be of much use at this
stage. In fact the ANC rejects negotiations and is in no sense enthusiastic
about reform.

This attitude of the ANC was also well known before the visit. What reasonable
person doesn't believe in discussion? But the former ANC leader, Nelson
Mandela, has himself recently stated that he sees only one outcome for

the country: a violent revolution. The only thing he is interested in

is that power be transferred to him.

The Progressive Federal Party did not want to accept these realities either.
Even after Mandela rejected a national convention, Dr van Zyl Slabbert

said that he still wants to talk to him himself first. The general attitude
was that the government must take the blame in the final analysis; it is
mishandling things, and the ANC people are after all not so unreasonable

70



cso:

3400/150

‘have happened in Mzinoni, Bethal,
this week when men travelling in a
Kombi claimed to be our reporters.
It is well known that all our re-
porters are black, so nobody could
have been deceived by this ploy,
where three of the men were white.
If it is true that they were po-

_licemen on assignment to record the

funeral of two unrest victims, why
did they not do so without lying?

We newspapermen have an obli-
.gation to report honestly and people
:accept us because of this honesty.
‘We do not want our reputation
igoiled by despicable spies.

79



050097

 JPRS-SSA-85-108

eS a) November 1985

| Sub-Saharan Africa Report ae

- FBIS. - FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

3 rr ; Saye e
NATIONAL TECHNICAL |. : Cae en
“INFORMATION SERVICE ae ry
US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE . . 72 a

| ‘SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 ae . . a aa
oe : US. :

hte



JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985

completed control systems contracts for large companies. One system, for
Krupp SA, is worth approximately R2,5-million and incorporates control
equipment for four steelworks cranes, an 100-t hot metal crane, a 60-t
furnace charging crane, a 20-t scrap handling crane and also a 15-t billet
handling crane. [Text] [Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 12 Sep
85 p 2]

EXPORTS AIR FREIGHTED--Exporting goods by air can not only work out cheaper
than by sea, but can also allow South Africans to beat the delivery times

of US. suppliers in their own country. This was revealed to Engineering Week
by Ed Povozan, managing director of Edenvale-based Fluidex, which manufac-
turers and exports a range of oil purification equipment. Povozan said the
cost of air freighting his equipment to the USA works out 10% cheaper than
sea freight would cost. It also enables him to offer two-week delivery
times to the USA against the six weeks required by US suppliers of similar
equipment. The details were confirmed by SAA's national cargo sales manager,
Charles Larkins. "It all depends on the type of commodity being exported.
Obviously, air freight would not work out cheaper with low-value exports,"
said Larkins. He said air freight can offer a number of advantages, includ-
ing: --More competitive rates .are possible on smaller shipments than is
possible with sea freight. -~Insurance costs are reduced; --Packaging costs
are also reduced. Factors affecting the competitiveness of air freight
against sea freight include: --Whether warehousing is considered part of
manufacturing costs or distribution costs; and --Whether goods are sold
free-on-board (FOB) or charges-including-freight (CIF). All SAA offices are
able to conduct a comprehensive analysis for potential users of air freight
into the advantages and disadvantages of the two forms of transportation,
Larkins said. [Text] [Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 12 Sep 85
p 2)

HEAT TREATMENT CONTRACT--A contract for what has been claimed as "possibly the
largest top-hat" heat treatment furnace in South Africa has been awarded by
Escom to Thermopower Furnaces, SA. With a capacity of 125 m’, the 5 m-high unit
will operate at a maximum temperature of 1,000°C and will be used for stress
relieving. Because of the mass of the furnace, it is being constructed in

two halves to facilitate transport, with Thermopower still having to remove
part of its factory walls for its removal. Bill Cochrane, MD of Thermopower
Furnaces, told ENGINEERING WEEK that his firm's ability to deliver promptly
was an important factor in the gaining of the contract. Built to Thermopower's
own design, the "top-hat" furnace has the advantage of bringing the furnace to
the load instead of the load to the furnace. The unit is a three-zone furnace,
incorporating three different banks of elements which can be individually
computer-controlled. Its huge cover has a mass of about 15 tons with two
central hooks to accept a ram's head lifting apparatus. The “top-hat" cover
is lined with a rigid ceramic fibre refractory which is said to offer a 25%
energy saving over conventional materials. These rigid ceramic fiber modules
are held in place with an anchoring system also designed by Thermopower
Furnaces. [Text] [Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 26 Sep 85 p 2]

105



Cuban Minister Returns

New President for Petrofina

BPV Special Group Course
Planning Minister in Lunda-Norte

BURKINA

Briefs
“Security Zone Proclaimed

GHANA

Ghana Radio on UK Policy at Commonwealth
(Kwesi Amoako; Accra Domestic Service, 16 Oct 85) ..

LIBERIA

Monrovia Reports Interview With Party Officials on Elections
(Moses Washington, et al.; Radio ELWA, 18 Oct 85) sescessee

MOZAMBIQUE

Lucheringo District Administrator Discusses Development Efforts
(Francisco CGuinica Interview; NOTICIAS, 26 Sep 85) ...eseeee

Sofala Opens Nutrition Center
(NOTICIAS, 2 Oct 85) .esesecscccenscvcscceeeeeeecescseeees

Wall Built To Prevent Coastal Erosion in Beira
(NOTICIAS, 26 Sep 85) Peete ener erence ensceseevereeeseens

Experts Visit FO-2 Forestry Project
(NOTICIAS, 1 Oct 85) vecescecccccceccenctccecceseessseenees

Merchant Marine Cooperation Agreement With Norway Signed
(NOTICIAS, 2 Oct 85) .essecesccceveccecescceesssesesseeees

Briefs
Joint Enterprise With PRC
Caia Landing Strip Enlarged

NIGERIA

Ukpo Cited on Information Centers, Trafficking, Release of Politicians
(Lagos Domestic Service, 12 Oct 85) .iccccccececccceeecucce

Briefs
Former Gongola Governor Released

25
26
26

27

28

30

33

36

38

40

41

42

42

43

44



3 November 1985

UMLAZI LEADER ON INKATHA HIT-LIST—-Fugitive Umlazi Residents’ Association chair-
man David Sponono’Gasa briefly surfaced this week~-and revealed a plan by top-
ranking Inkatha officials to kill him and then "cut him to pieces." He said he
would only come ‘out of hiding when he was sure he would not fall ‘into the hands’
of Inkatha's impis. Mr Gasa told City Press he was informed by friends who had
infiltrated Inkatha that he! featured prominently on a hit-list of UDF supporters
and sympathisers in Umlazi.:: The Umlazi Residents’ Association is an affiliate
of the UDF. Mr Gasa fled his Umlazi B Section home last month after it was
petrol-bombed twice by armed-men and razed to the ground. He had-also received
several death threats. One anonymous caller’said he was going to be "cut into
pieces." "My friends told me to ‘go into hiding because they had heard I was
going to be detained by the Security Police and then handed over to Inkatha.

A hit squad would then have cut me "to bits’ until I died. The Durbin police
PRO could not confirm whether a warrant of arrest had been issued for Mr Gasa,
and refused to comment on "wild allegations" that police would hand Gasa over

to the impis. And Inkatha Central Committee member Peter Davidson, said the
allegations were "wild and laughable." [Text] [Johannesburg CITY PRESS

in English 29 Sep 85 p 4]

BLACK JOBS IN TOURISM--Now South Africa's second largest industry (after mining),
tourism generates an estimated 250,000 jobs, many among Blacks, according to the
South African Tourism Board. Little publicized figures show that the country's
R1,750-million in annual tourism earnings (R750-million from foreign visitors)
creates. 50,000 jobs directly. But a hotel waiter's salary, for example, buys
family groceries--which creates income for the farmer who, in turn, buys equip-
ment and so creates jobs in industry. A conservative estimate shows that some
200,000 additional jobs are created indirectly by tourist outlays. Total
investment in the tourism infrastructure in South Africa is R3-billion. [Text]
[Pretoria SOUTH AFRICA DIGEST in English 27 Sep 85 p 886]

PEACE GROUP'S MANIFESTO-—The organisers of a campaign to unite "all South Africans
committed to peace and humanity" have called for the support of their declaration
to prevent chaos in the country. Spokesman for the group, "Let South Africa
Speak," Mr Jimmy Baigrie, said the campaign which was launched. in Cape Town last
month had rapidly gained momentum and has the support of all races throughout the
country. The campaign, according to Mr Baigrie, was initiated by a small informal
group of "concerned businessmen" and calls’ for all races to unite and identify
publicly with each other in support of a common manifesto’ or declaration of intent.
The "Let South Africa Speak" manifesto reads: "To prevent the country from

being hi-jacked and torn apart, we must get the leaders we want and tell them how
we wish to be led." Mr Baigrie said the campaign's first major goal was to have
as’much of South Africa "lit up" by November 1. Every community, not lit up by
then will be reached during the following seven weeks so that on the last
campaign. day before Christmas, every member of the community must be ready and
proud of a new and united public commitment to a "humane and sociable land."
Supporters of the movement should wear something yellow, and put yellow campaign
stickers on their belongings. [By Themba Molefe] [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN

in English 1 Oct 85 p 2]

106



JPRS=SSA¥85*108
5 November 1985

BURKINA

BRIEFS . bn
SECURITY ZONE PROCLAIMED--On July 9 the C-in-C of the High Command of the
National Armed Forces informed the population of Kadiogo province in general,
and of the town sections 9, 17, 18, and 19 in particular, that the zone
bounded on the north by the Ouagadougou-Bobo Dioulasso railway, on the east
by the tarred ringroad alongside the National Sports Institute, on the south
by the Ouagadougou-Bobo Dioulasso national road No 1, and in the west by

the mechanical workshop of the Manutention Africaine Company, was henceforth
proclaimed a very high security zone. The order also applied the zone be-
tween the Gounguin transmitter and the Sonabel-2 where strict security con-
trol was now in force. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE in English Sep 85

p 23] :

cso: 3400/186

27



SPECIAL TRAINING PROJECT TO HELP 100,000 JOBLESS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 25 Sep 85 p 6

[Bext{ THE Department of Manpower is to train about 100 000 unemployed
people in South Africa — mostly blacks — under a special training
scheme established for the purpose.

This was announced by Dr Piet van der Merwe, director general of Mari-
power, who said 11 of the 13 administration boards around the country plus 76
Private’ training ‘centres were participating in the special training . pro-

gramme.

To date about 11000
people had been trained
since the programme ‘was
lauched at the beginning’
of July and an average
of 30 percent had been
placed in employment
— considered to be a.
fairly good figure in
view of the current de-
pressed economic situa-
tion.

Criticism
Of the R25-million al-
located by the Govern-
ment to the Department
of Manpower for the
programme up to;
March, R20-million’

cso: 3400/150

sployment benefits wh

‘went to private centres

and the balance to the
administration boards.

‘The private centres
expected to train up to
70 000 unemployed peo-
ple up to March next
year and the boards will
train 30.000 during the
period.

The announcement
comes: in the wake
criticism of the Govern-
ment’s spending on un:

‘employed people, espe-

cially blacks, on unem-

differ according to 57
groups in South Africa,

86

JPRS+SSA+85 +108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



houses and the devel-
opment of the 14 town-
ships under its jurisdic-
tion, but is helping in‘
the development of
KwaNdebele. «

In Tsakane, Brakpan,
shacks that were built
because of the housing
shortage were demo-!

lished. and the residents”

moved to site and ser-
vice areas at very high
rentals which many
could not afford.

In Duduza, Nigel,
residents pay equally
high rentals for slum.
houses and non-existent
services.

~ Bradebo has ignored:

a backlog of 30 600,
houses in townships un-.
der its jurisdiction and
pumped millions of,
tands on a housing pro-
ject at Ekangala, a
township intended to be
the second largest after
Soweto. :

The quality of housing
at Ekangala is superior.
to that usually found in
the townships. There is,
electricity, piped water:
and water-borne sewer-.
age. ‘

This is seen by many
people as a subtle way of
persuading people to
move to the place.

Homeless people and,

those without Section 10
rights on the East Rand
and other parts of the
Eastern Transvaal have
been forced to, go to

Ekangala, which the
Government plans to in-
corporate into KwaNde-.

bele.

- Many people have op-:

posed the incorporation.

Masked in balaclava.
caps and armed with
sjamboks, sticks and
pangas, police and vig-
ilanfes acting for the
KwaNdebele govern-
ment are alleged to have

unleashed a reign of ter-'.

81

ror against opponents of:
KwaNdebele rule. .

The KwaNdebele,
government hopes that.
there will be 64 factories
employing over 5 000
people by the end of
April 1986 at Ekandus-
‘tria, the main industrial
centre. that is being es-
tablished.

At the moment, only”
between 15 and 20 per-.
cent of KwaNdebele’s
land is arable. Livestock
farming is the main agri-
cultural activity.

Unemployment, pov-
erty and starvation are
widespread in the area.
The place consists of
‘sprawling relocation

,areas and shanty towns
with a rudimentary in-
frastructure and lack of'
“natural resources.

Mr Skosana, his fam-
ily, and some of his col-
leagues are amoug the
few people who ‘live in
comfort. They own or

_ ‘control the major pro-

.Portion of income gen-
erated by private enter-
‘prise.

“KwaNdebele has been
dubbed a dormitory
homeland because its
16 000 workers go there
just to sleep. Some have
to travel about 250 km
daily to Pretoria. Mid-
delburg; Nylstroom and
:Marble Hall to work.

They leave their
homes at about 2 am
and return at about 10
pm. This gives them
only four hours within
which to wash them-
selves, have supper, be
with their families, at-
tend to domestic prob-
lems and to sleep.

The ill-effect this has
on health, efficiency and
productivity is immense.

If KwaNdebele does
indeed reach Pretoria-
style independence, it

‘would only mean that



JPRS*SSA+85*108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

REGISTRATION OF YOUTH IN FAPLA CONTINUES
Juanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 19 Sep 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] The process of enlisting the youth for the National Army, the FAPLA,
continued yesterday in the municipality of Cazenga, in Luanda, more specifical-
ly, at the Occupational Training Center.and the ODP [People's Defense Organiza—
tion] Provincial Command, where a massive attendance of youths occurred, with
very high morale.

In order to. observe close at hand the way in which the work done by the members
of the CRMPL mobilized for this task is progressing, a team of reporters from
this newspaper went to the Cazenga Occupational Training Center yesterday,
where a political ceremony to encourage the youths was held.

On this occasion, a group of children organized into the municipal structure
of the Agostinho Neto Pioneers Organization expressed their affection and
appreciation for those who, as of yesterday, left the intimacy of their
families to perform their duty defending the fatherland.

At the opening of the political ceremony, a Pioneer girl, speaking on behalf
of all the children from the municipality of Cazenga,addressed a message to

the new contingent of youths who entered the glorious FAPLA yesterday, starting
with revolutionary congratulations to them, and recalling that the fatherland's
defense reflects the comments made by the late lamented Comrade President
Antonio Agostinho Neto, when he said: "Every citizen is and must necessarily
feel that he is a soldier."

The message stated: "Today, we are undergoing a war which has been. imposed on
us by the racist South Africans; hence, we must close ranks, in order to
neutralize all the actions of our enemies, as in Malongo and other locations.
Today, we are Pioneers; tomorrow, we shall reach your age and imitate your
example, so that this fatherland of Neto may be free, from Cabinda to Cunene."

The Pioneers in attendance then distributed flowers, postcards and red scarves
to the pre-recruits.

The second municipal secretary of the JMPLA [Youth of the Popular Movement
for the Liberation of Angola]-Party Youth, Gaspar Antonio, speaking on



JPRS*SSA¥85+108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COLUMNIST BERATES BOTH LEFT, RIGHT FOR LACK OF REALISM
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 31 Aug 85 p 4

{Commentary by Dawie: "Now We Must Build!--Chain of Riots Going On for
Almost a Year"]

[Text] It is getting to be September; spring is here, and the latest outbreak
of violence -- the grievous scenes on the Cape Plain -- makes one realize
almost with a shock that it has already been a year since the chain of riots
started in South Africa. They broke out first here, then there, and they are
dragging on -- from Sebokeng to the Peninsula. Enough to make you wonder:
Can the chronic state of unrest be broken? The next few weeks are going to be
critical for bringing greater calm to the riots, which broke out in early
September at Sebokeng in the Vaal Triangle and continued to rage elsewhere in
the country.

Perceptions Analyzed

Great resoluteness to build a better South Africa will have to emerge from the
ruins and heartache; otherwise misery which may be worse than the disasters of
Lebanon, Algeria and others await this country. If South Africa were dragged
into the African morass, it would be just as difficult for it to get out of it
as is the case with the numerous black countries. That is precisely why it is
necessary to analyze certain perceptions of South Africa.

One of the most dangerous perceptions is encountered among radicals who
believe it is the end of the white man, that the Government is on its knees
and can just be overthrown so that a revolutionary clique can take over. That
is pure fancy. It is a fact, and it is there for whoever wants to see, that
the state has not nearly exerted the forces at its disposal.

Formidable Power Factors

Even though it is part of the revolutionary struggle to make the state look
more "oppressive," to bait it so that the resistance can be nourished,
radicals would be making a terrible mistake if they think that the Government
does not possess the necessary will to look after people and their interests.
There must be no misunderstanding about this. The Whites are here to stay,
and they are a formidable power factor. Only a fool would ignore that. Black

51



“this sort of backup.can be invaluable to clients because it can happen that
the client himself may not be aware that the material supplied to him was
not exactly to the specifications he requested, or it could happen that
incorrect stock was inadvertently used in the manufacture of components.

"In such cases it is vital that the error be discovered and corrected, possibly
by altering the type of heat treatment applied, before the components are
used and the failures only come to light once the machine is operating."

Irwin also pointed out that Supreme Heat Treatment, through its associated
companies, had access to highly-specialised mechanical, metallurgical and
nondestructive testing expertise.

“Our actual heat treatment facilities at this stage include two large

sealed quench furnaces with a gas generator, two tempering furnaces to match,
four. controlled atmosphere tool-hardening furnaces, a salt-bath line for
case-hardening, marquenching, sursulf and blackening treatment, and three
additional temperature furnaces. Then we have shotblasting, glass blasting
and washing facilities.

"as we aim to provide a top-quality service, we have selected what we believe
to be the best equipment available--either Efko furnaces from the UK or
German Degussa, depending on the application.

"But we also work hard to. keep our costs down so we can offer a really ‘com-
petitive price--and we have done a lot of the ancillary work such as gas,
electricity and water reticulation systems ourselves. We also built our
own gas storage tank stands and even constructed a shotblast machine in-
house as well as re-building a fork-lift truck."

To provide a full service, the company offers a free collection and delivery
service.

cso: 3400/219

93



MAIN ACTORS SEEN AS SHUNNING ALLIANCE

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 25 Sep 85 p 8

[Article by Sam Mabe in Focus Column]

[Text]

JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

+ Some of the people at Saturday's conference in-
: eluded: Mr Chris Ball of Barclays. Bank, Mr Ray-
mond Ackerman of Pick ’n Pay, Mr Tony Bloom of
Premier Milling, Dr Zac de Beer of Anglo American,
Dr Oscar Diomo of Inkatha, Professor John Dugard
, of Wits University, Prof Willem Kleynhans of Unisa,
: Mrs Joyce Harris of Black Sash, Archbishop Denis

Hurley, Advocate Sydney

Prof Hudson .

Kentridge,
+ Ntsanwis! of Gazankulu, Mr Musa Myenl of the Ur-
ban Foundation, the Rev Peter Storey and the Rev

Stanley Mokgoba of the Methodist Church.

r decades ‘now there has been a demand for the holding of a
ational convention to draw up a new constitution for South Af-
rica. Major resistance has largely been from the Government.

But increasingly, people to the left of the Government have rejected even this :
« call, demanding an immediate handing over of power to the black majority. 4

Last weekend saw the emergence of a new initiative to work for the holding of |;
such a convention when 150 top South Africans met in Johannesburg to discuss. :

the idea.

The conference decided that a Convention Alliance would be launched within
( the next few weeks to make arrangements for the possible holding of the con-
vention in the near future.

But the parties that
are perceived by many
as the main actors in
South Africa’s political
show — the Govern-
mént, the ANC and
PAC — have rejected
the idea for different
reasons.

The Government,
which has every reason
to feel threatened by the
Alliance, is probably
-worried about what it
might be required to

* surrender by a National
: Convention.

The concern of ‘the
‘ANC and the PAC, on*
the other hand, is what
they. believe they will

not achieve through a:

convention. Besides, the
two organisations are
committed to violent.
~ revolution as the. only.
way of bringing about
meaningful change ir
_ South Africa.
Recent talks between
South Africa’s top busi-
‘messmen and the ANC
in Lusaka condemned,
by the Government be-.
cause the ANC has re-
* fused to denounce vio-

72

lence as an. instrument!
for political change.
Until the State Presi-
dent, Mr P W Botha’s
Durban speech on Au-

: gust 15, the ANC was

still open to partici-
pationina National’
Convention. It was after
the speech that Nelson’ .
Mandela released a
statement from prison ~
saying there was no
longer room for a nego-
tiated settlement in
South Africa.

He has also refused to
denounce violence as a
condition for his release
from prison. :



JPRS*SSA¥85*108
5 November 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

LUCHERINGO DISTRICT ADMINISTRATOR DISCUSSES DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 26 Sep 85 p 3

{Interview with Francisco Cuinica, first party sécretary and administrator
of the District of Lucheringo, by Bernardo Alita: "Unango Asserting Its

Future as a City"]

[Text] About 6 years have passed since the chief of

the Mozambican state on 22 October 1979 announced in
Lichinga the amnesty: for former’ re-education trainees

and their return to Mozaitbican society. On that occasion,
the chief of the Mozambican’ state outlined a series of
measures aimed at "turning Niassa into an example and
model in the fight against underdevelopment." One of

the main tasks announced at that time in the specific
implementation of that project was to build a modern,
prosperous, and developed city in Unango. About a year
also passed since the Niassa provincial committee, gathered
in its fourth regular meeting in August 1984, approved the
creation of a group of five new districts, In an effort

to determine the degree of political growth of all citizens
residing there and to look into the. current’ status of the
development of the city of Unango, our reporter interviewed
Francisco’ Cuinica, first party secretary and administrator of
the district of Lichinga.

Francisco Cuinica: First of all, I would like to announce that this is the
first time we participate in a farm sales'drive as a district, controlling
all zones which previously belonged’ to the districts of Lichinga and Sanga.
We had some difficulties regarding the system involved: in the sale and

the shipment of surplus products turned out by the population; this was
due to the agitation and intimidation activities carried out by the armed
bandits starting at the end of last year.

Although these actions also affected the state sector wée-can say with great
pride that this sector topped the.original target figure. We have already
sold more than 2,000 tons of corn, as against the planned 1,940 tons.

33



JPRS*SSA+85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA
BUTHELEZI'S ATTACK ON PAPER CRITICIZED
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 26 Sep 85 p 8
[Commentary]
[Text] © OLITICIANS are known to TM < dancing, and we-said the leadership

‘speak recklessly, but Chief
Mangosuthu Buthelezi, the
Chief Minister of KwaZulu and
president of Inkatha, went to ex-"
*tremes when he went on an uncon-
trolled attack on The SOWETAN at

the Shaka day ceremony in Stanger «

> earlier this week.
, He said The SOWETAN had
fanned the flames of black disunity

: and had been oo constant (ir eiee «:

: every move made by anyone to bring .
about black reconciliation.” . if

He accused us of pursuing “‘a pois-

onous vendetta” against him and his
Inkatha.

:. Before we look at the more gen-
eral charges that he levels at us, let

+ us look at the article that provoked *

' this angry attack, an analysis of the:

.. Durban violence that claimed more - .

; than 70 lives in August.

1» He -said that the report had
. |, claimed that Inkatha “was dancing

! outside the house of Mrs Victoria’

,. Mxenge (the Durban attorney. who -

was recently murdered), saying they
would burn down the house and kill
* the orphaned children.”
: The Chief Is distorting the facts.
* somewhat. -
We did not say that Inkatha were .
dancing: we said that reports in”
‘Durban were that Inkatha were

| of the movement had not responded

! to the reports. We stick to the facts, 4

j Chief.

‘We also said that the Inkatha
leadership had not responded to sto-

! ries that 300 men armed with sticks

* and assegais attacked about 5 000
~ people at a memorial service for Mrs
>) Mxenge at the Umlazi Cinema. ‘

p. We. said Inkatha leadership had»,

; Rot responded to reports of the hu-

| -miliation of the Rev Wesley Ma-.i
buza, who was made to chant anti-

} UDF slogans.

!* ‘The thrust of our story was that
Inkatha’s role in the violence was
“hard to explain.”

What all this means is that we ex-"
pected Inkatha to categorically deny ‘

* the stories — that had been pub-
lished before. They could have gone
even further; condemned the perpe-

trators of these vile acts, and helped -

the law bring them to justice.
* Instead, the Chief attacks us, the
innocent mirrors.

"Our record speaks for itself. We ,

have consistently condemned black
on black violence whether it was
UDF vs Inkatha, or Azapo vs UDF,
or Inkatha vs Azapo, or so-called
radicals vs what they consider to be
“people working for the system.”

45



If we were moving to a common

citizenship, there would be no need
to separate the races. There would
be no need for the Group Areas act.
We would all be human and be.
working towards a prosperous
South Africa.

The insensitivity extends to the
question of Lamontville. People
have died in that sad township be-
cause they refused to become part of
KwaZulu.

The people’s choice now is not be-
ing canvassed in a democratic fash-:
ion: they are not being asked to go to
the ballot to express it.

Or could it be that the Govern-”

ment does not intend implementing
the proposals; that this is simply a
report on the activities of an old
committee that no longer has a place,
in our society?

- If this last is true, we will be
happy, relieved.

cso: 3400/151

50



~ No sane man could forget the pic-
ture of Maki Skhosana roasting to
death, attacked by people who con-
sidered themselves “revolutiona-
ries.” *

We have consistently called for

_black unity.

But all this does not mean that we
have not reflected our society as it is,
have not analysed the stumbling |
blocks to black unity, have not ex-
posed wrong where we believed
there was wrong.

‘We will not stop now.

We should, before we get off this
subject, remind Chief Buthelezi that
his language has not been always
temperate.

We remember that in 1983 he said . *

Inkatha would not eschew the use of .
violence against people who villified ;
it,

Is it not possible that some of his .
followers could not find the line be- |
tween criticism and vilification?

cso: 3400/151

46



JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

OPEN LETTER TO MINISTER LOUIS LE GRANGE

Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 22 Sep 85 p 4

[Article by Percy Qoboza in "Percy's Itch" Column]

[Text]

CSO:

Dear Mr Le Grange,» *

T know you area busy man, 1 also know that -

the rounds of party congresses you are attend-
ing are taking a lot of your time. But T would
under the circurnstances, sir, urge you to take a
few minutes of your time to read my open
letter to you and hope you will also find a few
minutes to respond.

In the past few months, there has been |
pressure from well-meaning people for action
on your part that will curb the excesses of some
members of the police force. We are, sir,
almost daily confronted by a litany of horren-

dous and sometimes hair-raising stories about

the behaviour of the SAP.

‘The one serious flaw in bringing to your
attention all these acts, is the fact that my
colleagues and I in the newspaper industry are

seriously hampered by the restrictions imposed _

by Section 27 (b) of the Police Act.

You have often said that if our communities
have any complaints, these must be lodged at
the nearest police station. The army has in fact
gone tothe extent of appointing arovi
officer to go around taking statements about
the behaviour of the security forces.

For,understandable reasons this has not
happened. It has not happened because people
genuinely fear they will be exposing them-
selves to serious personal danger if they dare
lodge complaints.

The police and army are not perceived as
people who are there to protect our communi-
ties, but as people who are out to “get” them.

__ Sir, let me share with you a personal experi-
ence in this regard. 1 was sitting in my office a
fortnight ago, doing my honest stint of work. It
was an unusually quiet day.

‘The tranquility was shattered by a telephone

call from my daughter Pinky, whois a student ' .

at the University of the North.
Pinky is the eldest of my kids.
Her brother and sisters were greatly influ-
enced by thé happenings of 1976 and ‘77, and
itis mah why they differ so radical-

ly from Pinky.
Not that Pinky herself doesn’t hold strong
views, She Belongs to that generation, but she
also belongsito a school of thought that is still
amenable to the discipline I have enforced,
with the help of my wife, in the household.
Well, that telephone call was like a night-

3400/152

senior *

75

mare. On the other end, Pinky was crying
hysterically. A teacher who was with her took
cover the phone and told me she had been badly’

assaulted by the security forces who have been
‘on the Turfloop campus for the last three

weeks. .

Now most black parents have gone through
that process. I immediately asked the teacher
to arrange for her to get urgent medical atten-
tion and instructed Pinky to.lay a charge of ”
assault because the circumstances under
which the incident took place suggested that’
she was a victim of a crazy group of people.

It was unprovoked. She was in fact on her
way to a lecture when she was cornered by a

4 Bru of six to eight of these men. :

‘When I got home I had to break the news to
her mother, By the way, you should have seen
the wave of anger that broke out from her
sisters and brother.

Itshocked me. It was just another part of the

‘ process of them being brutalised. In the cause
of our discussions, my wife was adamant that
she would not allow Pinky to go to the police
station because she was anxious that the very
pecele who beat her up could be standing.

‘hind the counter.

I phoned her and, mercifully, she told me
she was in too much’ pain and would only go to.

‘the police station the following morning.

. I told her not to go there alone. I instructed.
‘her to report to an attorney.

It's a measure of our country’s state of
affairs, that the attorney took her to a doctor,
and then had pictures taken of her injuries, By
the way, ] thought she had just been assaulted.
But when I saw her wounds, I knew she had
been savaged.

The attorney advised her against going to
the police station fearing what may happen to
her. He instead drew up an affidavit and he i¢
going to approach the matter his way.

“Now can you understand why people are not
turning up at your police stations to complain?

The bottom line of this letter, sir, is to
suggest to you that perhaps the best way to

: deal with this matter is for an independent
body of lawyers to tackle these issues,

We just do not have faith in the men in
uniform,

Sincerely



VAAL TRIANGLE BLACKS HIGHEST PAID

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English eh Sep 85 pl

Giext]

“VAAL Triangle resi-

dents could afford in-
creased rents becausé
they were the highest
paid blacks in the coun-
try, the town clerk of Le-
koa said in the Pretoria
Supreme Court yester-
day. .
Giving evidence be-
fore Mr Acting Justice |
W J Human and two as- |
sessors, Mr Nikolas’
Prinsloo, Louw told the
court that residents
there were not against
the concept of Black’
Local Authorities but
that they were demand-
ing representation at)
government level.
» He was testifying in a’
case involving eight

* Sharpeville residents.

who are alleged to have
murdered a town coun-
cillor, Mr Khuzwayo Ja-
cob Dlamini, on Sep-
tember 3 last year.

The eight are Mr Mc
jalefa Reginald Sefatsa

cso: 3400/150

85

JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

(30), Mr Reid Malebo
Mokoena (22), Mr
Oupa Moses Biniso
(30), Ms Teresa Rama-
shamola (24), Mr Mot-
seki Christiaan Moko-
bong (23), Mr Motsisi
Gideon Mokoheé (21),
Mr Duma Joshua Khu-
malo (26) and Mr Fran-
cis Dawn Mokgetsi (28).

They are facing another
charge of subversion
and alternative charges
of malicious damage to
property and arson.
They have all pleaded
not guilty to the charges.

According to the
charge sheet, a group of
people allegedly set Mr
Dlamini’s car alight,
stoned his house and
took possession of a fire-
arm he used to defend
himself. He was stoned
during the incident and
later thrown into a burn-
ing vehicle. He died as a

yresult..



JPRS*SSA%85«108
5 November 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

EXPERTS VISIT FO-2 FORESTRY PROJECT
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 1 Oct 85 p 10

[Text] A technical team from the Agriculture Ministry recently paid a
study visit to forestry project FO-2 in the district of Marracuene, in
Maputo. The main purpose of the visit was to launch the mobilizing effort
and promote greater -effectiveness in the project which is aimed at plant-
ing forests with fast-growing species for the purpose of supplying the
country's capital with wood and coal in the future, The team was headed
by engineer Abdul Adamo, director of the Forestry Management Unit,

Throughout the visit, technical and administrative aspects were also discussed
with supervisory personnel at the project and in the district of Marracuene,
On the other hand, a series of measures were ‘adopted at different levels

with a view to attaining the reforestation targets of 500 hectares for the
1985-1986 season,

Forestry project FO-2 has been under way. since 1978 and has encountered
several supply problems which however are now being resolved with the
participation and investment of the MONAP [expansion unknown] program.

In the administrative field it was directed that surplus manpower be re-
organized through the creation of cooperatives involved in activities in
support of F0-2, to be employed by ‘the project.

Other activities for the planting season, which began with the direct parti-
cipation of technicians from the Forestry Management Unit, were also planned.
The unit's concern is to guarantee the implementation of the plan and simul-
taneously to mobilize and optimize the resources available to the project.

5058
CsO: 3442/11

40 .



JPRS-SSA-85-108

5 November 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

ANGOLA

Canadian Official on Aid to SADCC
(Duff Roblin Interview; SADCC ENERGY, May/Jul 85) seseeee

Canadians Support Solar, Wind Power Study
(Steve Godfrey; SADCC ENERGY, May/Jul 85) .ssceeseeveeees

Projects for LNG Production, Marketing Detailed
(Lome Nacas; SADCC ENERGY, May/Jul 85) secesesccevecceees

Guinea-Bissau Minister Visits Sumbe, Soyo
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 11 Sep 85) secceseeeees

Huambo, Cunene Party Chiefs Share Experiences
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 14 Sep 85) ..

Registration of Youth in FAPLA Continues
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 19 Sep 85) «s+.

Citizen's Identification Procedures Described
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 18 Sep 85) ..

Industry Ministry Trains Workers in Administration
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 14 Sep 85) ..

PESCANGOLA Faces Production Problems Due to Ship Breakdowns
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 17 Sep 85) seseveecceccececesceseesers

Lack of Raw Materials Hampers Huila Industrial Planning
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 14 Sep 85) .sscecscscecccecccecnccenrs

Briefs

Red Saturday Celebrated
Bie Census Started

-a-

11

14

16

22

25
25



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

Government at the end of this year or early next year. A Soekor spokesman
could not confirm this, however. The report from George says the announce-
ment was to have been made earlier, but that it has been postponed because
the Cabinet requires additional information. Soekor has confirmed that both
rigs under contract to it are continuing their drilling programme in the
Mossel Bay/Plettenberg Bay area to establish additional reserves. The re~
sults have been described as "encouraging".--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 2 Oct 85 p 13]

SIEMENS INSTALLS GENSETS--Six standby diesel gensets fitted with Simatic
$5-110 programmable logic controllers have been supplied and installed by
Siemens in the Cape and Transvaal. Three 900-kVA standby sets have been in-
stalled at the Old Mutual head office in Pinelands, Cape Town; two 50 kVA
sets have been supplied to Escom at Witbank, and 50 kVA sets have been sup-
plied to Escom and Witbank, and a 50 kVA set has been installed at AS Trans—
missions & Steerings in Boksburg. The Simatic PLCs are said to allow flexi-
bility in the expansion of both hardware and software, and simple alteration
of the software. The S5-110 has an EPROM. The installation and commission-
ing was carried out by the Siemens power supply department. [Text] [Johan-
nesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 12 Sep 85 p 46]

AFRICAN CABLES ORDER--A R20-million order for Zerotox power and control
cable for Escom's Kendal power station has been secured by African Cables.
Kilpatrick, the appointed electrical contractors, has confirmed its inten-
tion to install Zerotox cable in the power station. This is the second
consecutive order to be received by the Vereeniging-based cable manufacturers
for Zerotox in a new Escom power station. Last year, the company won a simi-
lar contract to supply the product to Matimba. "We are obviously delighted,
the wide acceptance of Zerotox cable in power stations, mines, industrial
and building applications justifies our investment in the research and devel-
opment. of the product," says P J Muller, managing director of African Cables.
The locally-designed cables were developed to overcome the problems of toxic
and corrosive hydrochloric acid gas and dense smoke emission associated with
conventional PVC cables when involved in a fire situation. Zerotox cables
are said to eliminate these problems as they meet the requirements of Escom
engineers. These requirements are for a halogen-free, low-smoke and fire-
retardant cable alternative to conventional PVC. [Text] . [Johannesburg

_ ENGINEERING WEEK in English 12 Sep 85 p 45]

LETHABO PUMPS ORDERED--Mono Pumps (Africa) has received an order from Foster
Wheeler Engineering to deliver, install and commission 21 sampling pumps at
Escom's Lethabo power station. ‘The pumps, $22M Mono progresive cavity type,
will be manufactured from stainless steel and will be powered by geared
motors. They will be painted and’ performance tested to conform with the
high standards of finish required by Escom, prior to delivery on site. The
pumps will operate under vacuum conditions of up to 7,5 m and discharge pres-
sures up to 10 bar. The temperature of the water will be as high as 85° C.
On modern.power stations where the steam-raising plant operates at very high
pressures, early detection of faults, such as condenser tube leaks, is impor-
tant to prevent the impurities in the water/steam cycle. Ingress of impuri-
ties in the form of dissolved salts from the condenser cooling water could

103



times this past decade by revolutions: first in Portugal and then in Iran,
where the Shah's "unassailable" regime toppled within a month because of a
series of weak decisions. Now they obviously expect something similar in
South Africa. This has again brought home the third lesson: that in politics
it is not so much a matter of facts as of perceptions. Especially now that we
live in the era of television, audiences worldwide look for dispositions and
symbols rather than facts. And if those symbols are lacking, there can be no
trust either.

Become a Spectacle

Moreover, South Africa's miseries have unfolded in front of the world's
audiences day by day in recent weeks like a cheap TV tearjerker..: Viewers have
seen scenes of burning bodies, smouldering car wrecks, police beating people
with sjamboks, troop carriers laden with men swinging their guns around like
they were marching off to a carnival. In the eyes of millions of viewers
South Africa has become a spectacle; its leaders were eontinually on the
witness stand, where they tried to explain complicated matters via a medium
which works preeminently with oversimplification and slogans, and where more
attention is paid to a man's body talk than to what he says. A worldwide
crisis of confidence was almost inevitable. And yet it cannot. be said with
certainty that the worst is over. But that is no reason ‘why we cannot now try
to purposefully climb the steep hill in front. Confidence in South Africa can
only be restored if South Africans themselves regain confidence in the
possibility of solving their country's problems peacefully.

Symbols of Hope

The first little step on the way was already taken when Mr Adriaan Vlok
unexpectedly paid a visit to the black areas on the Eastern Rand last weekend.
The movement gained considerable momentum when President Botha himself walked
around in the streets of an Eastern Cape town this week. It is not so much
words that are needed now as just such symbols of hope. One even hears the
impossible: that two members of the leftwing Professing Circle [1it.
translation of Afr. "Belydende Kring"] -- of which Dr Boesak is a respected
member -- visited President Botha last week to tell him that he is the one man
who inspires confidence.

Peaceful Participation

It is not known whether they ever conveyed the message, but their intention
was to request him to also hold talks with people like President Kaunda of
Zambia and President Nyerere of Tanzania; for what affects South Africa
affects all of southern Africa, and what brings hope for southern Africa will
also create confidence in the Republic. Such a talk would indeed create not
only hope, but would also put the wild men of the ANC under pressure to
instead participate peacefully in the new political talk. ° .

13084
CSO: . 3401/290

63



JPRS*SSA+85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT'S INSENSITIVITY IN DEALING WITH KWAZULU ISSUE CRITICIZED
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 24 Sep 85 p 4

[Commentary]

demonstrated incredible tim-:

ing by publishing the propo-*
sals of the Commission of Co-opera-
tion and Development on the con-|
solidation of KwaZulu. "

These proposals come after it has

been announced that blacks are to
again become South African. citi-
zens, that blacks are to be given:
some form of say at the level of cen-
tral government, and ‘after it has”
been announced that the present
jhomelands are to be some form of,
“regional structures. *

Some people saw the announce-
‘ments as the first step away from
apartheid, but most blacks re- .
“mained sceptical because of the long:

history of National Party double.
talk,

Blacks have said that ihe State
President, Mr P W Botha, is not ca-'
pable of setting up negotiation
machinery and of inviting the lead-
ers that would satisfy blacks.

[Text ] T= Government has again.

They are just waiting to eluck:-"

“We told you so.”

This is the time when Mr Botha
should have been decisive, making
clear and bold statements that show
he is prepared to dismantle apart-
heid. Just to prove us wrong, if
nothing else.

Instead, we get the proposals of
this commission, which is suggesting
the removal of at least 42 000 people
and the incorporation of Lamont-
ville into KwaZulu.

The vast majority of these people.
will be moved because they live in

. “black spots” in “white” areas. That

might mean a farm owned by blacks

” {man area designated for whites.

To cushion the shock, it has been
said that the 42 000 is a reduction
from the 500 000 that had been sug-
gested in the original plan.

We believe that even if it had been |
reduced to only 10 people to be
uprooted and moved against their
will, it would still be just asbad.

We thought the Government had’
accepted as much when it said it
would stop moving people. The an-
nouncement of the moratorium was
followed by reprieves for people of
Driefontein and KwaNgema, who
had been threatened with forced re-
moval. There was a glimmer of
hope. :

It now appears it is back to the,
drawing boards of apartheid with
these proposals from the commis-

It means that the black “citizens”

‘of KwaZulu are seen as different

from the white “citizens” of Natal.-

: And this racial separation IS apart-
heid.

49



PCBs comprise a family of more than 20 chemicals ranging from light, oily
fluids to heavy oils, greases and waxes.

The danger arises when they are exposed to extreme heat and undergo a molecu-
lar change to become dioxin and furan gases~-both of which have been impli-
cated as causes of cancer and other ailments in man and animals.

In the USA, there have been several "mishaps" involving PCBs which have
resulted in buildings being placed under "environmental quarantine" and
multimillion dollar mopping up operations which have, in some cases, lasted
several years.

Public controversy over PCBs was sparked off by an electrical fire in the
basement of the 18-storey Birmingham State Office, New York State, in 1981.

When the transformer. caught fire, the PCBs were converted into toxic gas
which were spread throughout the building by the ventilation system.

The cost of the recently completed four-year cleanup was put at $22-million--
$4-million more than the development cost of the building.

At the time, the contamination of the Birmingham building was considered
so.serious. that it was quarantined and two filtration units were airlifted
onto the roof. so they could be used to create a negative pressure inside the
establishment and prevent polluted air escaping into the atmosphere.

Access for mopping up teams wearing respirators and protective suits was
provided through an airlock.

Their task was to remove every moveable item in the building and seal every
porous surface. About 100 km of ductwork--some of it encased in concrete—-was
either removed or sealed with an encapsulating spray. :

Even the scrubbing water used in the clean-up had to be decontaminated.

cso: 3400/219

98



for 10 years and ROREMINA [expansion unknown] enterprise which is involved

in the extraction of black granite and two’ of whose main machines are damaged,
as well as some compressors and stackers which have not been operable for
almost 3 years,

Other no less important production units, such as the "N'Gola" beer brewery,
Madeiras de Huila, BEBUILA [expansion unknown], Moageiras, ready~mdde
clothing factories, and others are producing far below their output capacity
and this forces many of them to fall back on the OGE (General State Budget)
to pay for their production expenditures,

The report from the provincial commissioner's office emphasizes that recourse
to document No. 34/84 of the governor of the bank was interded to minimize
the import problems and thus to help in solving some of the sector's problems.

To solve the rather preoccupying problem of low output, the fifth commission
of the APP [provincial people's assembly], which is concerned with questions
having to do with industry, transportation, and services, in a document
approved at the end of its work, proposed an improvement in the "Angola-
USSR Friendship" vocational training school and the Luanda Vocational
Training Genter which have the mission of turning out mechanics, lathe opera-
tors, milling machine operators, electricians,’ and welders, in other words,
skilled workers,

To train middle-level technicians, who in short-range terms would help solve
the problems of the supervisory personnel shortage, the commissioned proposed
the recruiting of students to be sent to the existing middle-level institutes
in other provinces, provided their special field of study is not taught in
this province, as well as the recruiting of others to attend higher-level
courses at home and abroad; for this reason, the commission requested the
provincial commissioner's office to implement. the regulation on domestic
study scholarship.

The study group also recommended to the domestic trade delegation of Huila
to supply the specialized shops with hardware, tools, electrical equipment
for civil engineering construction, standard materials and others of current
use in industry.

The commission furthermore proposed that imports be continued*as specified
in document 34/84 of the governor of the bank, the decentralization of the
central importing agencies for enterprises at the local or regional levels,
and an increase in the quotas of raw materials and other materials destined
for the mills. . :

‘Commission members also concentrated their attention on the urgent solution
of the problem of supplying water regularly to the production units, the
construction of electric power lines to Tchikwatite, the headquarters of
the “Roremina" company, about 120 kilometers from Lubango, and "N'gola,"
new sheds for ‘the expansion of "Metafus" and "Ngola," as well as the supply
of construction materials for the erection of prefabricated houses for
"Roremina," an effort which is now in progress.

23



And in the last group, which includes.other. smaller species, . very meager
amounts not cited by the director were delivered.

This explanation also pertains to another question, associated with the mixture
of fish of which the fish markets complain; concerning which Ildefonso de
Carvalho added: "The fish has to be selected, not only because of a require-
ment from EDIPESCA, but also for our statistical control."

Workers' Social Conditions and Organization

With some difficulties in having the workers on the sea join the literacy
pattle, owing to the features of their.work, PESCANGOLA has’ sought the most
suitable means for taking classrooms to the seas something which has not yet
proven possible.

As for the implementation of the. new wage scale, according to its assistant
general director, the program devised for the different categories of workers
has been in the hands of the Ministry of Labor since last year.

The enterprise has a medical station which serves not only its workers but also
those of all the work centers in the area. It also has a cafeteria which,
according to its official, "has no problems with food supplies."

Insofar as the political and social organization of the workers is concerned,
all organizations exist in the enterprise, with the exception of the OMA
[Organization of Angolan Women], which has not yet been founded.

Based on the comments made by the assistant general director, there are good
relations betwen the party and mass organizations and the enterprise's manage-
ment.

For the workers' recreation, there is a soccer team, which plans to participate
in the next workers’ championship games. The first steps have been taken toward
the creation of a cultural group, and it is intended to build premises for
recreation.

Production Plans

As was noted at the beginning of this article, the main obstacle to the fulfill-
ment of the production plans is the breakdowns that have occurred throughout
the year among the national fleet's vessels.

For this reason, according to PESCANGOLA's assistant general director, Ildefonso
de. Carvalho, the percentages.of fulfillment of the production plans: are usually

divided into two groups: the first, for the operational boats, and the second,

for the entire fleet.

This is due to the fact that there are often certain vessels Which, at the

time of the programming, have not even operated for a single day during the
year.

19



JPRS*SSA+85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

PRODUCTION OF MEDICINES--An investment programme of R30-million by Lennon Ltd
in Port Elizabeth will make South Africa self-sufficient in the production
of a range of key medicines, managing director Brian O'Donnell of SA Drug-
gists, owners of Lennons, said. "We have completed our expansion just in
time to ensure continuity of supplies of these medicines even if foreign
pharmaceutical companies bow to disinvestment pressure and pull out of the
country. "Fortunately, we imported all the costly high-technology manufac-
turing and laboratory equipment before the recent plunge of the rand, thus
saving the country many millions in additional foreign exchange", Mr O'Don-
nell said the Lennon facility focuses on the production of generic medicines
for which hefty patent royalties are not payable to foreign patent holders.
Generic replacement has received the green light from the government but
multinationals are still waging a fierce campaign against their acceptance,
he said. "It has been estimated that generic replacement by a pharmacist
could save sick people up to 40 percent on individual medicines". [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 30 Sep 85 p 20]

RIOT INSURANCE PAYMENTS--Insurance claims of more than R19-million resulting
from political unrest have been paid in the past year. The South African
Special Risks Insurance Association (Sasria) has made provision for another
R21-million as a result of claims received since the start of violence in
the Vaal Triangle in August 1984. More than 3 000 claims for damage to
motor vehicles have been received since August 1984. About 1 000 claims
result from fire damage, says Sasria managing director Rodney Schneeberger.
Sasria has come under fire for applying a uniform rating structure to both
black and white areas, whereas most of the violence is confined to black
areas. Mr Schneeberger says the position is under review. "In 1979 when
Sasrai started we had little experience to guide us apart from the 1976
Soweto and the 1960 Sharpeville riots. "A differential rating structure
was applied to black and white areas at first. However, the experience of
political violence changed in the 1980s when government buildings, which are
located by and large in white areas, were the target of bomb attacks."
[Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES (Business) in English 29 Sep 85 p 1]

EASTERN CAPE GAS FIND--Cape Town.--Two. feasibility studies into the exploita-
tion of gas reserves off Mossel Bay have been completed and handed to Soekor,
and will soon be considered by the Cabinet. Private consortiums started the
studies in December last year and it is reported from George that an announce-
ment on the development of the gas reserves is expected to be made by the

102



accepted in 55 or whatever years and we agree with the UP the efforts
they showed and the discipline they showed in spite of intimidations and
harassments, in fact in certain instances of typical indifference of some
people. We think it is a credit to the Liberian people. Thank you.

[Question by unidentified interviewer] [Words indistinct] the chairman
of the Special Elections Commission [Secom], Ambassador Emmett Harmon, has
uplifted [as heard] some irregularities in Tuesday's general elections.
What would you say about this, starting with Mr Gbala?

[Gbala] There was certainly a confusion [words indistinct] not to that
extent. An election should be free of this kind of [words indistinct]. In
many countries, even those [words indistinct] elections used to. be governed
by conditions which [words indistinct] we don't have to (?cry over) these
isolated developments. [passage indistinct]

[Tarr] We do give credit to the government for ensuring that these elections
went off in peace. But I wouldn't agree with Mr Gbala when he says that

the irregularities should be considered as isolated. I think they were very
gross irregularities. Personally, I didn't think that the Secom was pre-
pared for the elections on October 15. Why I said this: We were not ready
for anything. The public was not educated. ‘The ballot boxes could not
reach some of the designated areas. In certain areas; people walked there
to vote. No boxes were there. And in certain areas, people loyal to

other parties and wanting to be overzealous, physically drove the voters
from there. The chairman announced over and again that no one should [words
indistinct]. And in certain areas like in Bassa, certain officials were
walking around with arms and (?batons) in their hands intimidating people
[words indistinct] and those that didn't want to [word indistinct] are to
run away and all those kinds of ..things.

[Carl Slow] [words indistinct] the chairman himself has (?contributed) to
these irregularities because, while at the City Hall, contrary to his own
pronouncements, he himself asked the (?poll) watchers to leave and he counted
the ballots or handled the ballots in the absence of the (?pol1) watchers.
You didn't call that an isolated irregularity? You see?

[Tarr] -Yes, in fact,,I therefore remain in saying that although one has to
give credit to the government here for [words indistinct] the credit to the
average Liberian. The Liberian who showed ‘that he is disciplined [words
indistinct], a list.of intimidations, and harassments, and infraction that
have been reported to us by our people. In certain specific instances,

the chairman of Secom, in fact, personally contributed to these infractions
of the-rules. There is a case (Carl Slow) has mentioned at the City Hall
when [words indistinct] on that day, on election, day, Chairman Emmett
Harmon went to City Hall [words indistinct] in the company of Mr (Balogie)
and drove out of the city hall a party representative who was bonafide...an
accredited.person to be present. There were also to be [words indistinct]
of our representatives, representatives for the parties who were supposed
to have cards identifying them as accredited members to attend the elections.

31



campalgn of the Fifties be-
gan levelop. :
The Bills were referred

back for redrafting and
more expectations were
raised. Some major findin,

were unacceptable to the
Government, and they were
taken back into the plan- |
ning system, and then re-
ferred to the President's

Council,

The President’s Council!
had just reported and head-
~ lines screamed from almost
every newspaper that in-
flux control was to be abol-
ished, Expectations were:
virtually catapulted into
the political stratosphere."

This week the State
President smacked them all
down again when he an-
nounced that influx control
could not be phased out
completely and that some
controls would have to re- |

main.

‘The other example which
is very salient at the pre-,
sent time is that of home-!
land consolidation, which!
has obvious implications for
resettlement.

In recent months South |
Africa and the world were

‘iven the assurance that po- I
jitically motivated forced
resettlement would no long-;
er occur. i

This was taken to be a'
significant step, and numer-
ous foreign commentators
responded positively.

lore recently some re-
sounding statements have:
emanated from the Stat
President, Mr Pik Botha
and others that the new em-
phasis with homelands,
waZulu in particular, |
would be on co-operative :
decision-making across!
political boundaries.

Bombshell

In other words, the notion |
of geographically defined |
separate statehood for |
homelands was in retreat. °
Particularly since the :
KwaZulu Government and
the Natal Provincial
Administration had
launched a promising and
constructive process of

cso: 3400/179

© joint planning and decision-
making, it seemed possible
that another key feature of
apartheld, the homeland

system, could.be gradually -

| transformed into.a system |

of rationally integrated re-
gional government.

This week, amid “these
raised expectations, came
the bombshell of new con-
solidation proposals for thé
non-independent home-
lands, raising anew the
spectre of resettlement.

It does not really help for

+ the Government to say that
, the proposals are not yet
officiat poli and have to
; be negot |. Nor does it
> Feally help to point out that
far fewer people will be re-
settled compared with the
1975 proposals.
As far as tions of
, teform and sentiments
of trust which underly sta-
> bility area ‘concerned, the
damage is done.

Once again the cat of the
State is seen to be Playing
with the injured mouse o}
black rights.

South African policy is al-
ready virtually a textbook
manual on how to create a
revolutionary climate, and
we have the proof of this in
our townships today. Per-
haps one must not lay all
the blame at the door of the’
Government. ‘

| _ There are other factors
1 as well. One is the failure,.
: fully understandable per~
haps, of black dissident
movements to mobilise
» within organisations in such
‘ a way as to mount effective
and powerful demonstra-
tions without stimulating
the eruptions of violence.
and police counter-violence
- which have become tragic-

ally established as an on-,

ing pattern.
eortective internal’ black.
leadership at community
, level is clearly a problem.
This can be substantially
‘explained by past security
curbs on black community
leadership, but perhaps not
completely if examples

‘elsewhere in the world are.

‘ considered.

55

In general, however, the
more basic facts remain. By
attempting to manage
change within a framework
which in itself constitutes.
the major problem, we have

; “reformed” ourselves into a
| State of crisis. :

|. Fundamental

If we are to resolve the
crisis, one fundamental fact.
has to be accepted by the

‘Government. This is that:
the most critical form of:

 discrimination'is that which:
affects the selfesteem, hon-:
jour and dignity df people.

This is one of thé reasons,

| why the most violent con-
flicts in the world are eth-
nic. Ethnicity as such is fre-
quently not the basic
problem — it is usually a:
matter of group self-esteem
and group honour. :

No matter how wide-
spread and effective other
aspects of reform in our
society may be, as long as
race classification exists it
will be perceived to denote
a lower: status and lesser

nity for people of colour.

‘his problern is the real
“rubicon” to cross.


* What the ANC would ”
now like to see happen-
ing first is that it be un-
banned, that all political

risoners and detainees
be released, that polit
cal tirals be stopped and
one-man-one-vote elec- "|
tions in a unitary state
be held. |

Critical

The ANC’s chief
Press officer, Mr Tom
Sebina, said a conven-
tion that would impose’
reformist solutions while
apartheid remained in-
tact could not be ac-
cepted.

The PAC, onthe
‘other hand, has always:
rejected the idea of talk-
ing to the South African
Government except
where the handing over:
of power to the African
majority would be_tak-
ing place.

_, It believes that apart-
heid cannot be reformed

- which is what they
believe a National Con-'-
vention will try to do.
One-man-one-vote elec-

\ tions in a unitary state is

| what they see as a solu-

4. tion. « 9

‘That system of voting
“has been rejected by the 4
:. Government, which ex-
pressed fears that there
could be a domination
of so-called minority
groups by the black ma-'-
jority. |
Azapo and the UDF |
—— who were conspicu- |
ous by their absence.
from Saturday's confer-"
ence — are also not in-
terested in a -national “'
convention. sa
Even if they were, the
four groups ‘would most
certainly not want to be
cat a conference table;

cso: 3400/153

‘

with bantustan leaders.

cal of the relationship

developing between-

PFP leader, Dr Freder-

ick van Zyl Slabbert,

and Inkatha’s leader,

Chief Mangosuthu Bu-

‘thelezi, who are the

. principal founders of the
Convention Alliance.

Although the leaders

- have emphasised that

they participated in the

* alliance in their personal:

+ capacities, it will not be

1

easy for the man in thei:

*. street to divorce the al-

* jiance from Inkatha or ©

* the PFP.
“ Giants
{

!  Saturday’s conference
was attended by a very

wide cross-section of -

: ‘people, most of whom
are giants in intellectual,
academical, legal, com-
mercial, industrial, po-
litical and sporting
fields. .

Most of them have |

not been politically’ ac-
tive’ the alliance _ will
create a national forum
¥ which will. bring them

together to start a de-_

bate on the country’s ra~
cial problems.
| Because of the money
that big business will
pump into it and the
wealth of the expertise
_ of the people involved,
the alliance’ could be-
come a strong and
highly articulate group.
‘And while trying to

sell the idea of a na-

tional convention to the
people and trying to

" bring concerned parties.

, to the conference table,
"the: alliance ’ will’ most

73

probably draw up 4 list:
‘of reforms for which it
will drum up mass sup-
port from moderate
people.
The sentimerits that
seem to fire the alliance
appear to be the same as
those behind the forma-
tion of the Black Sash
some years ago. The :
=: women of the Black
Sash were a pressure
group opposed to the
‘constitution as it was
then. They still are.
There is a wider rep-
resentation in the al-
-liance, but will it be any
y more effective than the
Black Sash hasbeen?



JPRS“SSA485+108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

RED SATURDAY CELEBRATED---Red Saturday is being observed in Luanda today
as part of the activities connected with 17 September, the Day of the
National Hero, The provincial secretary of the UNTA, the National Union
of Angolan Workers, who promoted this day of volunteer: work, recommended
that the enterprises, work centers, and production units clean up their
premises and surrounding areas, An announcement from that labor union
agency indicates the existence of volunteer work teams selected to carry

out a cleanup and beautification program in the city, at previously deter-
mined localities, Workers who normally do not work on Saturday must perform
this activity in the morning and the others must do it in the afternoon.

It must be emphasized that this day marks the high point of a production
marathon which likewise upon the initiative of UNTA, has been in progress
since 9 September, [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 14 Sep 85
p 1] 5058

BIE CENSUS STARTED--Kuito. A general population census in the province of
Bie was launched in this city on Tuesday during a ceremony presided over by
Lt Col Marques Monacapui "Bassovava," member of the Party Central Committee
and provincial commissioner of Bie, During. the meeting, which was
attended by party members, the people, and officials from the provincial
commissioner's office, "Bassovava" emphasized the work of the general census
as being important in the social-economic growth of the province. The of fi-
cial also stressed the need for special attention to be given to this effort
in which about 100 brigade members, students, and workers will participate;
at this moment they have already started the census in the township of
Kuito and this will later on be spread to other townships of the province.
[Excerpt] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 13 Sep 85 p 12] 5058

CUBAN MINISTER RETURNS--Cuban Construction Minister Levi Baimaseda, who spent
several days in Angola in response to an invitation from his Angolan counter-
part Jorge Flora, left the Angolan capital on Wednesday night to return to
his country. Contacted by ANGOP [ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY] at the 4 February
international airport shortly prior to his departure, the Cuban construction
minister expressed his satisfaction with his stay in Angola in conjunction
with the eighth ministerial conference of the nonaligned countries which,
according to him, was indisputably successful, The official added that the
future actions to be undertaken with a view to the better implementation of
the agreement signed between both countries were analyzed during his stay in
this country, The Cuban delegation was seen off by Angolan Construction
Minister Jorge Flora. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 13 Sep 85
p 12] 5058

25



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NEW SPECIALIZED HEAT TREATMENT FIRM ESTABLISHED
Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 26 Sep 85 p 11

[Text] A new specialised heat treatment company, Supreme Heat Treatment, has
been established in Wadeville to cater particularly for the “quality~critical"
sector of the market.

The company, based in a new factory in Wadeville's Lantern Road,,is run by
Joe Irwin, a former manager of Clyde Trading's heat treatment division, and
Derick Hutchison, whose experience in mechanical, electrical and electronics
engineering will be used to maintain the plant in peak running condition.

Irwin told ENGINEERING WEEK that the company will obviously help to fill the
gap left by. the closure of Clyde Heat Treatment, and aims to provide a
comprehensive heat treatment service with particular emphasis on the tool and
the sector.

Supreme Heat Treatment began operations in July although some of the special-
ised handling equipment and other machinery was only commissioned later. Irwin
said that the company had been launched despite the current economic climate
because of the firm belief that there is always room for a company that pro~
vides real quality and service at the right price.

Clearly a man who enjoys a challenge, Irwin said the company is specialising
in the treatment of tools and dies because this was one of the most demanding
areas of the commercial heat treatment business.

Said Irwin: "Any heat treatment isa fairly high risk business because it
comes at the end of what may be a long and expensive production chain. The
result is that a component received for heat treatment might only have a
mass of a few kilograms but it could well be worth R 10,000 or more. What
is equally important is that it may also be a vital component in a highly
capital-intensive piece of equipment or be critical to the operation of a
continuous production line.

Skills

"T901s and dies are typical of this. They require expensive machinery and
materials as well as a high degree of skills to produce.

91



JPRS*SSA485«108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

GUINEA-BISSAU MINISTER VISITS SUMBE, SOYO
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 11 Sep 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] After participating in the Ministerial Conference of Non-Aligned Nations,
Mario Cabral, member of the PAIGC Central Committee and minister of commerce
and tourism of Guinea-Bissau, paid a visit the day before yesterday to the
cities of Sumbe and Soyo, with the minister of energy and petroleum, Pedro de
Castro Van-Dunem (Loy), the vice minister of petroleum, Desiderio Costa, and
the general director of SONANGOL [National Angolan Fuel Company], Herminio
Escorcio. ‘

In the city of Sumbe, the Guinea-Bissau minister paid a lengthy visit to the
National Institute of Petroleum, an establishment which is currently running
its first activity. for intermediate training of about 90 Angolan technicians
and students from various countries which are members of the "five," and from
the SADCC [Southern African Development Coordination Conference], with the

, aid of the UNDP and NORAD [Norwegian International Development Authority],
and with Italian cooperation through COMERINT. :

Also in the city of Sumbe, the Guinea-Bissau minister commented that the‘
People's Republic of Angola, despite the imperialist aggression through racist
South Africa, has maintained the work impetus that the MPLA-Labor Party instill-
ed in the Angolan people, to construct their progress in peace and freedom.

After having focused on matters related to the state of development in Guinea-
Bissau, with regard to the opening of opportunities in the area of training
cadres, he said that the school has just provided all the material.and scien-
tific conditions to be able to accept cadres from other Portuguese-speaking
African.countries. -He added that, in the case of Guinea-Bissau, they could
take the training and also receive the instruction based on experience gained
by Angola in the area of energy and petroleum, describing that matter -as-a
keystone required for the building of our cooperation.

Concerning the Conference of Non-Aligned Nations, Mario Cabral stated categoric-
ally that it was, in fact, a great success even contrary.to the desires of many
who would certainly like to see a failure of a conference of this kind in this
Front Line area. He also said that, "We think that, although’ there were.some
heated issues, such as East Timor, Iran-Iraq and the Sahara question which



JPRS*SSA*85~*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

PLANS UNDERWAY TO BAN DETAINED NATAL UDF CHAIRMAN XUNDU

Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 29 Sep 85 p 4

[Text] PLANS are underway to kick detained
Natal UDF chairman Mcebisi. Xundu
out of his Lamontville parish — and then
ban him from Natal.

If the plan fails, attempts will be made to cancel
the church site lease agreement.

Rev Xundu, the rector of Lamontville’s St. Simon’s Anglican ‘
Church, has been in detention since early August and has since
been transferred to Pretoria. He is also Joint Rent Action
Committee vice-chairman.

A motion by. councillor Mthembeni Xudu, of SJ Smith Hostel, +
calling for Rev Xundu’s removal from Lamontville, was unanimously
_ accepted by the pee atha Ningizimu community council this +

i" “ Kecording to "Ningizimu
f, community council chairperson
+ Ella Nxasane, Mr Xundu uses
|. the church site and buildings -
(“for of by him meetings ad-
&. dressed by him and other politi-
“cal activists from outside La-
« montville,

“Asa result, violence planned
‘» there by Xundu and others dur- ’
© ing the’past two years has esca- ,
: lated throughout the province,” :
’ said Mrs Nxasane. 3

She also claimed that an ur-‘
gent request had been delivered {
by a delegation of SJ Smith }

_ Hostel dwellers to Natal’s An-
glican Bishop, Michael Nuttall, ;
; for the immediate removal of: 1
Mr Xundu. H
If Bishop Nuttall does not {
respond positively to the re- |
d

quest, the council intends can-*
celling the church site lease.

Bishop Nutall- confirmed he ;
* had received the request, but ' ‘
[ that it could not be considered ;
* because -Mr:Xundu was in de- / i
-tention.°

cso: 3400/153 14



IJPRS*SSA+85+108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

KWANDEBELE'S CHIEF MINISTER STILL HOPING FOR FULL INDEPENDENCE
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 27 Sep 85 p 8

[Article by Sem Mabe: "Chief Still Wants 'Uhuru'"7

Grext]

‘ determined to gain “independence” for his homeland at the end
: of next year — even after the announcement by the State Presi-
dent, Mr P W Botha, that any homeland that did not want indepen-

dence could remain part of South Africa.
Mr Botha made the offer during his “Rubicon” speech in Durban.

T: Chief Minister of KwaNdebele, Mr Simon Skosana, is still

~ As the last of the 10
homelands to be estab-:
lished by the Govern-|
ment, KwaNdebele was |
arbitrarily carved out of
an open veld near
Bronkhorstspruit in the:
_ central Transvaal before
being proclaimed a
‘homeland in 1976. :

In 1981 it . received:
self-governing, status,
and the following year:
negotiations for inde-'
pendence started.

Mr Skosana, who
reached standard four at.
school, rules KwaNde-
bele from the capital,
-Siyabuswa (we are
ruled), with his six-'
member cabinet and a
.46-man legislative as-|
sembly appointed by the:
region’s tribal authori-;
. ties. i

A spokesman for the:
Department of Consti-
tutional Development
-and Planning yesterday:
said KwaNdebele was
certainly going to be in-
dependent. The Gov-

80

ernment is still to build a
new capitalat
Sistershoek.

A prison, government
buildings and houses for
cabinet ministers have’
to be built and govern-
ment personnel trained
in administration before”
a date for independence
is set. . .

KwaNdebele’s pop-

ulation of about 450 000
;— half of whom are
/non-Ndebele — com-
iprise people who were
‘evicted from land they
“owned in “white” areas
and those fleeing ha-
rassment and discrimi-
nation from Bo-
phuthatswana authori-
ties in Winterveldt.

Others say they have
been tricked by the East!
Rand Development
Board (Eradebo) —
which is promoting and
developing Ekangala —
into becoming part of
the homeland.

Eradebo has frozen’
the building of new



cso:

wish us to take a look at, So while I would
think we should stick to the four at the
present time, this system works so well, in
my opinion, that we should welcome an
opportunity in the future to broaden the
base into, well, any area that interests the
nations concerned. It is up to them, I
think, to make the judgement as to where
they want the emphasis to come, and then
the donors, I am sure, will be delighted to
cooperate. That is, I think, your responsi-
blity to do that; ours is to have to input
the decision that we are out to help...»

A. Lollo: There is a link between the
energy sector and the industrial sector.
The industrial sector, like the energy sec-
tor, is however being held back by the pro-

biem of transfer of technology. Do you
think Canada could play a different role in
this context, especially whith respect of
transfer of technology to the energy and
perhaps the industrial sectors?

«...1 think you have made an excellent
point. There is a close relation between
energy and what you do with the energy
after you have got it, which means, as you
pointed out, industrial considerations,
among others. The questions of the trans-
fer of technology is an A-number one
question, not just in SADCC, let ‘me tell
you! It is a problem in my own home
country of Canada. We appreciate very
keenly the necessity to keep up with what
the great world is doing. Because we can-
not do all these things ourselves, we have
to learn from what others are doing. Per-
haps we might be experts in some particu-
lar field of technology, but we cannot be
experts in all the fields of technology and
we have to learn from others. Now, that is

3400/219

just as true of Canada as it is of Angola
and the nations of SADCC. If we have in
Canada a field of expertise where we can
transfer technology, 1 think you will find
us open to do so. I imagine that in certain
aspects of transportation, for example, in
certain aspects of agricultural research and
in certain aspects of electrical generation,
as you well know, and if it came to the
point of nuclear generation, for example,
we do have a considerable stock of exper-
tise that is all our own, and I think that if
you had a particular project in the areas in
which we have some special competence,
that we would be very glad to discuss those
and to see how we could help...»

A. Lollo: Can you give us a summary of
what Canadian presence has been like here
in this conference? Could you summarize
the projects you intend to fund, or that
you are interested in? .

«...I have come to the conference with
one particular responsibility and that is to
assure members of SADCC of the support
and interest of the new government of Ca-
nada, and along with me there has been a
large delegation of Canadian experts of all
of the four priorities we have been discus-
sing to sign the memorandums of agree-
ment on three or four of the projects in
connection with energy: hydroelectric po-
wer, the interconnection between the va-
rious power systems in the’ region, and
technical questions having to do with elec-
tricity. So there were four memorandums
of understanding signed with respect to
that, in which Angola, Mozambique,
Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana, 1
think, were all invoived. So we regard that
as a very worthwhile achievement for us at
this conference...» o



JPRS“SSA“85+108
5 November 1985

UGANDA

BRIEFS

MILITARY COUNCIL SPOKESMAN--The Military Council has appointed Mr Augustine
Apecu as the official spokesman for the Council. Mr Apecu, who resigned last
month as president of the Uganda Journalists Association, will head a new
information and public [word indistinct] unit within the council. Announcing
the appointment, the vice chairman of the Military Council and Minister of
Defense, Mr Oko, said that the unit will assist local and foreign journalists
to answer all enquiries about security of the country and other major national
issues handled by the Military Council. [Text] [Kampala Domestic Service

in English 1400 GMT 14 Oct 85 EA]

cs0: 3400/222 END

108



JPRS*SSA=85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SITUATION OF DETAINEES FOUND DISTURBING
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 27 Sep 85 p 8

[Commentary : "Disturbing"7 .
[fext7 HAT happens behind the. That the application was not op-'

massive © walls and bars

police wi people
are detained without trial, not al-
lowed to see their relatives and
friends and not allowed lawyers? © :

Absolutely nothing, the police and ‘
the Minister of Law and Order have
told us repeatedly: the detainee is
questioned without any illegal pres-
Eure being used on him. In the end
he co-operates voluntarily.

In spite of these assurances we do
get disturbing stories that could be
just the tip of the iceberg.

This week a district surgeon said.
she was convinced emergency regu-:
lations detainees at the ‘St Albans i
Prison and the North End Prison in
Port Elizabeth were being “sys-
tematically assaulted and abused
after their arrest and before being
admitted to prison, and also during |
their incarceration when they were
being interrogated by police at the
Louis le Grange Square”. .

_ She and 43 other people brought.
an urgent application to the
preme Court for an- order re-
straining the police from assaulting
detainees at the prisons and from
assaulting future detainees’ in the
Port Elizabeth and Uitenhage
magisterial districts.

‘The application was not opposed
and the order was granted.

; It is shocking that an a) ion

‘had to be made in the first place

when it is against the law for the
police to assault prisoners. .

78

posed speaks volumes.
It is noteworthy that the allega-
tions were made by a district sur-

Li

The order is to be read to prison-
ers at the two prisons.

We try to picture what happens:
behind the locked doors and we see a
man surrounded by interrogators,
feeling very, very far from relatives
and friends and not allowed to see a
lawyer.

We know, we know he is visited

bya magistrate, he is visited by se-
nior officers, etc. But he would be
an unusual man if he did not see
them as part of “officialdom” — no
different from his interrogators.

We dare not let our imagination
go beyond this point.

; Our imagination could be running
way with us. Probably nothing like
what we are imagining happens. But
why should the Government lay the
foundations for these sus; by
leaving detention without trial on
: our statute books? ‘

Detention without trial isa

weapon used by the weak and scared

‘to terrorise their opponents, It has

to be obliterated from our statute

Books. We need to return to the rule
law,

Despicable

HE SOWETAN has no truck
with subterfuge, especially of
the kind that is alleged. to



JPRS*SSA“85+108
5 November 1985

lead to boiler tube on-load corrosion and possible tube failures--which re-
sult in costly. repairs and plant downtime. Modern turbo-generators usually
have a split or dual condenser which allows the turbine to operate at reduced
load while repairs to leaks are carried out on the faulty condenser-half.

To do this, however, it jis necessary to first detect in which half of the
condenser the leak has occurred. This calls for the extraction of water sam-
ples from the hot-wells of each condenser-half for continuous analysis.

These hot-wells operate in a vacuum and a sampling pump capable of providing
a continuous flow under extreme negative suction head is required. The

822M Mono progressive cavity pump meets this requirement. An order for sim-
ilar pumps has already been completed for the Tutuka power station. [Text]
[Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 12 Sep 85 p 27]

NEW GAS PACKAGE--The engineering division of Sulzer Brothers (South Africa)
Johannesburg has designed and manufactured a compressor package to supply a
gas engine with methane gas. The unit will be installed at Athlone sewage
works near Cape Town. In operation, methane gas from a sewage sludge di-
gester is collected and scrubbed and will be used to drive a 250-kW gas en-
gine. This is believed to be the first installation of its kind in South
Africa. The Austrian supplier of the gas engine has expressed an interest
in the South African design and there is considerable potential for export.
Sulzer South Africa and a Sulzer group subsidiary in Switzerland, Bell Engi-
neering Works, which will supply two liquid-ring compressors for the con-
tract, will co-operate in marketing the design internationally. "By utilis-
ing local resources, we hope to be less vulnerable to exchange rate varia-
tions," said Robert Gaechter of Sulzer, who designed the system. [Text]
[Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 12 Sep 85 p 14]

PF MILLS--A contract--valued at about R19-million in today's terms--for the
manufacture of pulverised fuel (PF) mills for Escom's Majuba power station,
has been concluded between Stein Industrie South Africa and Dorbyl Heavy
Engineering (DHE), which will manufacture the mills. Stein is subcontractor
to Steinmuller South Africa, the main contractor for the project. The con-
tract covers the supply of 30 horizontal pulverised fuel mills--five mills
for each of the six boiler sets at the 3 942 MW power station. Delivery of
the first units is scheduled for September 1989, and the contract is due for
completion by May 1994,. The contract is the third of its kind between Stein
Industrie South Africa and DHE. DHE is presently manufacturing 36 similar
mills for the Tutuka power station and 30 mills for Matimba. This means that
DHE is now contracted to manufacture 96 of these mills for Stein Industrie
South Africa. All the DHE plants in the Vaal Triangle--the Vecor Duncanville
and Broderick works in Vereeniging and the Vecor Vanderbijlpark works--are
involved in the manufacturing programme. [Text] [Johannesburg ENGINEERING
WEEK in English 12 Sep 85 p 33]

HOIST-CONTROLLERS MADE--State-of-the-art hoist-control systems are being de-
signed and manufactured locally for the first time by Hoist-Tec, a new com-
pany in which Telemecanique SA holds a third of the equity. ‘The control sys-
tems are designed for winders, hoists and cranes. The company will also pro-
duce resistors. Also, short production runs of variable speed drives are
planned to start soon. In operation since 1 March, Hoist-Tec has already

104



JPRS*SSA“854108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

CROWN MINES RAIL PROJECT IN JEOPARDY
Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 26 Sep 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] Confusion abounds over whether or not construction is to proceed on
the installation of a R21-million railway spur linking the new Crown Mines
showground with the main railway network as planned.

ENGINEERING WEEK understands that funds may not now be available for the
construction of the 3.6-km line which was an integral part of the inducement
package used to lure the Witwatersrand Agricultural Society away from its
prime Milner Park premises.

While the society believes work will start on the installation of the line in
the next year, SATS has apparently indefinitely postponed the project after
carrying out an economic feasibility study.

It is understood that provision for the funding of the project, under the
Railway Construction Act, was not gained in time to allow for its considera-
tion in this year's Treasury budget.

Though the link's construction is mandatory, no-one, it appears, can
guarantee that it will make the Treasury budget next year.

Says Wally Brass, chief director (planning) SATS: "The economic situation is
having inevitable results. Though the line must be built, the money may not
be available for some time."

To explain SATS' stance on the rail link, Brass quotes from Report 92
attached to the Railway Construction Act: "It is the policy of the Transport
Services to construct new lines only in instances where SATS is indemnified
by interested parties of sound financial standing against losses (including
expenditure in respect of capital costs)."

Losses sustained in running the line--forecast at more than R3-million a year--
will be a Treasury responsibility, too.

General Manager of the Witwatersrand Agricultural Society, Jan Kleynhans, has

no doubt that the railway has received no more than a year's postponement
and will be in business by the '89 agricultural show.

89



cso:

that the AV and the
women’s —_ organisation
Afrikaanse Vroue Ken-
krag, had contacted the
Krugergenootskap with a
request to lay a wreath at
the graves on behalf of
their organisations.

“There were = no.
grounds on which we
could not grant the re-
quest,” the Professor told
The Citizen.

All the organisations
which requested to lay
wreaths were granted per-
mission, he said. *

Further allegations that
the  Krugergenootskap
was an “exclusive organi-
sation” and that not just
anybody could become
members, were lies, Prof
Nel said.

The Professor added
that he rejected the re-
port as “‘an attempt to put
the Krugergenootskap in
a bad light” and that it
“was sucked out of their
thumbs” because the
newspaper could not ac-
cept that the
Krugergenootskap —_—re-
fused to discriminate

3400/179 '

57

against certain culture or-
ganisations.

He also denied a state-
ment that the police were
not asked to participate
this year, as the police
band would provide mus-
ic at the festivities.

“The Krugergenootskap is
totally autonomous and
will never allow any other
organisation or political
party to prescribe to us
the nature and contents of
our festivities,” Prof Nel
said. He added that in no
way had the Afrikaner
Volkswag been involved
in planning the festivities.
‘Wreaths would also be
laid by the Mayor-of Pre-
toria, Dr P J Kruger, on
behalf of the City of Pre-
toria.

Other wreaths would
also be laid on behalf of
the South African Vroue-
federasie, the Pretoria
Teachers Training Col-
lege, the University of
Pretoria, the Simon van
der Stel Foundation, the
FAK, the Junior City
Council of Pretoria and
Pretoria Technicon.



SCHLEMMER EXAMINES CAUSES OF PRESENT CRISIS

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 29 Sep 85 p 31

SOUTH AFRICA

JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

{Article by Lawrence Schlemmer, head of the Centre of Applied Studies at

Natal University]

[Text]

WHY did the wheels come off? In the
years between 1979 and 1982 South Africa
seemed poised for the long-awaited
breakthrough .to enduring peace and
prosperity.

The economy was buoyant and the 1979 labour
reforms heralded the emergence of a mature
Western industrial system.

The Cabinet was consulting more and more
with the private sector and with advisers outside
the bureaucracy. Above all, political reform away

from apartheid seemed finally and firmly on the .

agenda.

Today, only three years later, we all face the
stark reality of the most serious crisis the country
has known since the Second World War.

A foreign-debt problem caused by the sharply
falling rand has virtually exploded in our faces.
The major townships in the country are in tur-
moil. :

Warning signs

External sanctions against South Africa have
become a major issue in US and European poli-
tics, and our relations with neighbouring states,
Thich after Nkomati seemed so promising, are in

Obvious! there is a complexity of interacting
causes, and the warning signs of our current crisis
have been there to read all along.

Detailed post mortems are now being conduct-
ed ruefully throughout the Government.

ry for short-term solutions will obscure the large
ithologies which have made the current crisis
evitable and which will cause it to deepen from
now on. -

53

-’ The greatest danger, however, is that the scur-



battle to which we are all committed with a view to overcoming those factors
which have been responsible for the strangulation of our training activities."
In the same way he urged the graduates to concentrate more on the elements

of practical activities in their careers with the enterprises.

5058
cso: 3442/8

15



«85*108
JPRS*SSA 85 °
5 November 1985

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

FORMER GONGOLA GOVERNOR RELEASED--The former civilian governor of Gongola
State, Alhaji Abubakar Barde, has been released from the Enugu. prison.
The directive of his release was given by the Anambra State governor,
Group Captain Samson Omeruah. The chairman of the state committee on the
review of cases of detainees, Major Emmanuel Akoje, who announced this in
Enugu, said the committee had also completed its assignment. [Text]
[Lagos International Service in English 0830 GMT 19 Oct 85 AB]

CsO: 3400/202

44



Many of the signatories were also 7
signatories to the Saccola-Urban {

. Foundation Code of Conduct for, _

i complete white control in every field: 3
_ in the business world.

South African Companies.

Sadly we have seen some of them
in long wrangles with trade unions, : |.
over pay, over recognition, over the ‘

We have seen some of them use -
their strength to dismiss striking
workers and send them to their «

* homelands. We have seen them ig- 2

nore the wishes of their workers.

“Is it a wonder that black trade ":
.. Unionists are now talking socialism? * :!

It is going to take much more than. *

© a mere declaration of beliefs to con- fl

vince blacks that the men who con-' ‘
trol South Africa’s wealth want to. :

~ see genuine change and democracy. - °

And it will take radical action on |

_ the factory floor to convince work-
“Guerprise" ystems eee:
enterprise” system. |» :

cso: 3400/151

48



MUNICIPAL POLICE FORCES SOON FOR BLACK AREAS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 5 Oct 85 p 11

[Text]

CSO:

The Deputy Minister of”
Constitutional. Develop-:
ment and Planning, Mr-
Piet Badenhorst says that
in the near future all local
authorities will have mu-.'
nicipal ‘police ‘forces’ to
assist the South African‘,
Police in maintaining law:
and order in Black com-*
munities. boy
He was speaking at the
Orlando Stadium in’ So-
weto at the passing out!
parade of 130 new re-
cruits. ‘
The mayor of Soweto, ;
Mr Edward Kunene said
the parade would go
down in history because it:
was the first time that*
women had qualified for a
municipal police force. *
Addressing the 120
men and 10 women on
parade, Mr Badenhorst
said it was clear that:

3400/152

Blacks had a decisive role *

to play. He said the Gov-
ernment wished to open
new avenues of social,
political and economic
development for each
group in the country. The
Government’s new dis-
pensation had come as a
shock to Soviet-inspired
radicals and so they had
chosen a path of violence.

“These instigators of

, violence and militant rev-

olution should take note

that, although it is pri- »

marily the function of the
South African Police to
maintain law and -order,
they will be supported by
the municipal police,” he
said.

Mr Badenhorst said
that, in the light of the
current unrest and attacks

77

JPRS*SSA“85«108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

‘on local authorities, it
could not have been an°
easy decision for the new
recruits to join the mu-
nicipal police force. He ;
said municipal _ police |
forces had often been
called the “private arm-
ies” of Black local author- -
ities, but to have an or-<
ganised community it was ;
necessary to “strengthen
the hands” of these coun- -
cils, He stressed the right :
of law-abiding citizens to

. police protection ~ for

" themselves and

their

» property.

The recruits, who
underwent an’ intensive.
14-week training course,
come from Kroonstad,
Alexandra, _Atteridge-
ville, Kagiso, Dobsonville
and Soweto. ‘



behalf of all the youth from the municipality of Cazenga, also addressed a
message to the newly enlisted members of the FAPLA.

He said: "Inspired by Hoji-Ya-Henda, our’ youth has given evidence of uncommon
sacrifice, as in the case of the young men who are now leaving the intimacy
of their families, and student and working associates, to join the ranks of
the FAPLA."

The final speaker was Capt Armando Caxissa, political commissar of the CRMPL,
who, addressing the young men, declared that this recruitment was taking place
at a time when the South African racists are engaged in an attack of major
scope, started on National Hero's Day, with massive bombings against positions
of the glorious FAPLA,

2909
CSO: 3442/7

10



leaders of whatever political persuasion will have to learn to live with that
-- just as white leaders must live with the fact that black people have
rightful aspirations that cannot be ignored, but that must be met.

That Merry Belief

Along with this goes another perception which has been driven into some heads
by the riots: the merry belief among some Whites that the status quo can be
maintained, that South Africa can continue merrily on its old paths. The time
for that is over for good. Such illusions exist among far rightists; those
whose thoughts of escape lead them to absurdities such as a Boer State,
colored homelands and a white heartland in the Transvaal PWV [Pretoria~
Witwatersrand-Vereeniging] area. These ideas are too foolish to be at large.
They are just as little realizable as the leftists' dream of a thousand-year
realm of peace under a black majority government. With such daydreams, far
left and far right illustrate in politics the danger of utopianism, defined by
the dictionary as "fervent but unrealistic reform schemes."

Slaps From Businessmen

A better South Africa able to reach its full great potential cannot be built
on daydreams, but by leaders who use the hard realities of the country asa
starting point. There are factors which can contribute. The recovery of the
economy, about which important further developments are coming over the
weekend, is a principal prerequisite. The recession has, among other things,
contributed to the unrest, and economic recovery will help improve things. It
is a difficult path lying ahead, and the slaps which are being doled out
lightly from business circles will not exactly help to make it easier. A
further contributing factor will be the restoration of order. The riots have
set reform initiatives back; they will be able to be carried out more
effectively in greater peace and quiet. But we cannot wait even without that.

Farsighted Leaders

The country is living through an epoch-making test period; a situation that
somewhats recalls A.N. Whitehead's expressive theorem: "The great
advancements in civilization were processes which practically destroyed the
societies in which they occurred." This means that the attention of
farsighted leaders must be focused more intensely than ever on finding lasting
peaceful solutions. Common sense will have to triumph among leaders who must
extend their hands to each other beyond color bars and other differences, who
want to bring an end to violence and want to engage in meaningful negotiation
politics.

13084
csoO: 3401/290

52



Municipal Police Forces Soon for Black Areas
(THE CITIZEN, 5 Oct 85) ..sccccceecsssccccceeececceravecs 77

Situation of Detainees Found Disturbing
(SOWETAN, 27 Sep 85) .

DO newer cree nce ser ee eeeeeeeeeeees 78

Kwandebele's Chief Minister Still Hoping for Full Independence
(Sam Mabe; SOWETAN, 27 Sep 85) .sccsccsesceececsessseesces 80

SAA Forced To Find New Routes
(Pik Botha; SOWETAN, 26 Sep 85) ..iccccccscccecsecesuauee 83

VAAL Triangle Blacks Highest Paid
(SOWETAN, 24 Sep 85) ...ccssccsccecccscecetensececencneves 85

Special Training Project To Help 100,000 Jobless
(SOWETAN, 25 Sep 85) Dene ence cere eee r eect eserves eeeeeene 86

Government May Use Energy To Stimulate Economy
(ENGINEERING WEEK, 26 Sep 85) ...scsscccesccccceccecuccens 87

Crown Mines Rail Project in Jeopardy
(ENGINEERING WEEK, 26 Sep 85) Cn ea 89

New Specialized Heat Treatment Firm Established
(ENGINEERING WEEK, 26 Sep 85) eae e tree cree ee reer rescence 91

Prospects for Foundry Industry Discussed
(ENGINEERING WEEK, 26 Sep 85) ..

teen eee e ce ceeeeeeeneees 94

Nation Lags in Banning Hazardous PCB's
(ENGINEERING WEEK, 26 Sep 85) .,

Teen reece cere eeeeeeeens 97

Kalahari Irrigation Pipeline Ready for Use
(DIE GEMSBOK, 30 Aug 85) .......

Deen eeereeeeeeeenes 99

Drought Creates Agricultural, Livestock Problems in Northwest
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 19 Sep 85) ceccccccceceececsecsess 100

Breakthrough in Mullet Breeding for East London Researcher
(DAILY DISPATCH, 25 Sep 85) ....

Dene eeeeeeecereceeeeeeee LOL

Briefs
Production of Medicines 102
Riot Insurance Payments 102
Eastern Cape Gas Find 102
Siemens Installs Gensets 103
African Cables Order 103
Lethabo Pumps Ordered 103
New Gas Package 104
PF Mills 104



Are talks between the ANC and the South African government possible? There
has been much talk about this, many conditions have been proposed, hard
words have been spoken, but the impression is that despite the extreme
positions of the ANC, the door is not entirely closed.

Will violence be renounced? No, definitely not. If that were done, the
ANC would have no cards left in the game, but perhaps discussion might
have some such result....

The economic system? History, especially the history of Africa, has shown
that things go worse without us, the businessmen said firmly. With you,
it is replied, the poor stay poor and the unemployed remain without work.
There will have to be intervention, but once the monopolies in the country
have been broken, there will still be a considerable amount of room for
private initiative.

What is your connection with the South African Communist Party? Naturally,
it exists--we are jointly opposed to your oppressive government.

The impression was that this was a fixed position, but that there were
nonetheless differences in the ANC about it.

12906
CsO: 3401/1

69



Situation in Township of Gambos

On the other hand, party and government officials in the township of Gambos
are looking forward to the opening of additional medical aid stations in the
communities of Rio de Areia and Pocolo during the second half of this year
to provide care for the rural population in this region,

Since work on the repair of buildings for the operation of health stations
has not yet been completed and since authorities are still waiting for medica-
tions and equipment, the municipal delegation planned outpatient services

in localities far from the seat of the township, in other words, in places
without any medical dispensaries,

It should be noted that the main diseases found among the population in the
area are acute respiratory infections, malaria, measles, Bilharziasis, and
other acute respiratory ailments, in addition to the five cases of leprosy
which are already under control,

At this time the towmship has six male nurses, a midwife, and five practical
technicians, distributed over four medical stations and one municipal center
with 18 beds, although four of these have no mattresses,

In this connection, looking at the education sector, the municipal coordina-
tor's office will open the first basic school on the 2nd level for the children
of herdsmen and farmers in the area.

The school, which will be added to the 24 first-level schools in the township,
and five closed schools, has a capacity for more than 50 5th-class and 6th-class
pupils; its operations with a larger number of children will depend on the
number of teachers sent to the township.

At this time, the township has 2,000 registered students who are being taught
by 80 teachers, mostly from the "Comandante Dangereux" brigade who are facing
various difficulties, especially the shortage of housing space.at the schools;
many of these housing units were destroyed by the South Africans during their
intrusions into the interior of the country or by the puppets in their pay.

According to information given to our reporter, who recently visited the town-
ship, by the municipal school coordinator, school operations during the year
which has just ended were not what they should have been due to the lack of
trained technicians and teaching material, the very’ poor roads leading to

the schools, the failure to complete the programs for the earlier years,

and the fact that the communities and the schools did not really constitute

a whole.

The lack of transportation for the education sector, including the literary
training drive, meant that many schools far from the municipal seat were not
being attended regularly and attendance was. not being checked; this is
another reason for poor school performance,

5058
cso: 3442/8

24



JPRS*SSA+85~108
5 November 1985

At eleven that night Thabo and Victor knock on my door again. We order
beer and whiskey and water for Thabo.

Until two in the morning we talk about South Africa, about. the possibility
of negotiation, about white fears, but above all about violence. Always
about violence.

Finally we agree to differ, although the differences have hopefully become
smaller in the small hours.

No experience of violence has to do with guns and tanks and innocent black
people burnt by rioters, and with car bombs that explode killing and maiming
civilians.

Thabo's has to do with the structural violence inherent in having a black
skin in South Africa.

The official who asks for the pass, the policeman who bursts into the house,
the inferior education and housing, going to bed hungry...that is the violence
I know nothing about.

Eventually we say goodbye in the hot Zambian night.

"You have given me a lot to think about," I say, and I know that is actually
an understatement.

"Don't say so," is the reply, "and don't do anything that will get you
into trouble."

Discussion Perhaps Narrows Gap
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 16 Sep 85 p 2
[Text] Mfuwe--It was sometimes hard to call to mind that the men opposite
you, next to you, were the men who let loose violence, who plan sabotage
and are not interested in reform but in the overturning of the whole system.
Just before lunch starts an ANC member is told he must say grace in Afrikaans.
He bumps into me and says in Afrikaans: I have forgotten. What must I
say? The people don't all understand Afrikaans. I point out to him that

in a prayer he will not be addressing those present.

The ANC president then saves the situation by saying a prayer himself,
in English.

The talk flows around the table. An ANC member says that he will not ban

DIE VADERLAND if they come to power, but he has his doubts about the SUNDAY
TIMES: they have written a lot of nonsense about me!

67



JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SOUTH AFRICAN ECONOMY'S RELATION TO POLITICAL SITUATION
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 29 Aug 85 p 12
(Article: "Reality and Perception"]

[Text] It is false reasoning that the suspension of activities on the stock
exchange and the currency market creates the appearance of a crisis. The near
collapse of the value of the rand Tuesday is a crisis. The minister of of
finance, Mr Barend du Plessis, acted right by taking immediate measures. A
repose is necessary in order to bring calm, for discussions with domestic and
foreign authorities concerned, and to plan strategy. The drastic steps are
all the more justified because the crisis has a political background which
does not take the real economic situation in. the RSA into consideration. It
is also a reflection of the fluidity of our situation that almost at the same
time the head of the Reserve Bank, Dr Gerhard de Kock, said we choose not to
move in the direction of exchange rate control on outward capital movement,
"as long as we are allowed a choice", that choice (temporarily, it is to be
hoped) disappeared.

The currency market reacted to a dollar shortage, to negative expectations and
also to speculations -- which did not materialize -- that foreign banks are
not willing to roll over short-term debts. But behind all this the truth must
be sought in an international nervousness over the political stability in
South Africa. In this connection, the role of the State President's Rubicon
speech cannot be left out of account. It did not meet expectations -- no
matter who aroused those expectations. But, especially in the light of
circumstances, it created the impression -- whether or not mistakenly -- that
the Government does not know how to handle the situation in the country well.

Our problem lies partly in the difference between the true state of affairs
and the outside world's perception of it. The reality is that the Government
is in fact occupied with reform measures which may hold good hope for the
future. Proclaiming the state of emergency was necessary and shows that the
authorities are taking firm action to bring the unrest under control, unrest
fueled by those seeking revolution, not reform. Black reaction indicates that
a large -- probably a majority -- portion of that population welcomes the
emergency measures and the way they are restoring law and order.

60



that it is. For example, there is the national fleet department, the logistical
and financial departments, the statistics and planning department, the human
services department and the department for foreign participation and public
relations.

National Fleet 80 Percent Shellfishing

The PESCANGOLA fleet is divided into three groups, namely, the one for shrimp
trawling, the one for fish trawling and the casting net group.

In the first group, which has eight boats, two have crews which are 100. percent
native. One af these is currently broken down. The other six boats have
mixed personnel.

In the second group, with four boats staffed by completely native personnel,
only one is in operation, according to the enterprise's official, and its
operation is very irregular.

The net casting group, which has only one boat, is now at a complete standstill,
because it is under repair in Lobito.

This information, provided by the assistant general director of the enterprise,
shows a marked difference between the shrimp catching and fish catching groups;
because, whereas the former has seven boats in operation, the latter has only
one in operation. This holds true, with the aggravating factor of the break~
down in the net casting boat which, according to Ildefonso de Carvalho, has
been in Lobito for repairs since last March. As noted in a telex from ESTALNAVE
sent to the PESCANGOLA management, its repair will not begin until next. week.

At the present time, according to the enterprise official, the national fleet's
activity is 80 percent shellfishing. He said that the remaining 20 percent
consists of fish caught by those shellfishers.

Foreign Fleets in the Service of PESCANGOLA

In addition to the national fleet, PESCANGOLA has cooperation contracts with
four foreign companies, whose boats operate in Angolan territorial waters
based on agreements signed between the enterprise and the former; in other
words, between our government and the respective countries.

These. four companies are, specifically, the Italian Itimar and the Spanish
Interburgo, both cooperating through contacts between enterprises, that is,
between PESCANGOLA and them; Osadjer and Frazana, Nigerian and Zairean,
respectively, with the first participating under a contract signed with the
direct participation. of the Ministry of Fisheries, and the second through an
agreement between governments.

Itimar, which operates with seven vessels, has stipulated in its contract the
minimal catch of 8,000 tons per year. The division of the fishing has been

17



Our district is actively participating in the: fight against hunger. The
population of the city of Lichinga itself can testify to that; these people
know and understand the importance which Unango has in this process, Each
day, five or six trucks, loaded with corn, beans, soybeans, kale, cabbage,
onions,: garlic, tomatoes, etc., leave Unango and head for the provincial
capital of Niassa, :

NOTICIAS: What kind of work is now in progress as part of the socialization
and cooperativization in the ‘rural-areas?

Francisco Cuinica: We are in the process of: transforming the collective farms
into agricultural cooperatives, Our experience along these lines has been
quite positive, We have the agricultural cooperative of of Unango and we have
others which we can call "complementary cooperatives." The activities of the
latter are aimed at the manufacture of crafts products and pottery, For
example, during the agricultural season which has just ended, the Unango farm
cooperative had a very low output, An emergency program was then drawn up
which consisted of concentrating efforts in these complementary cooperatives
so as to resolve any problems.of a financial nature that might have arisen,

Right now we are training the so-called agricultural extension agents for
each village,

More than 80 houses for workers have already been built at the Unango agri-
cultural enterprise, This plan is primarily aimed at getting the workers
to settle near the enterprise,

NOTICIAS: What is the current: status of development in the city of Unango?

Francisco Cuinica: When the enemy reached our district, his main target

was to destroy everything that was built in our city. This is why we had

to reduce construction work in the city inorder to concentrate our activities
on the defense of what little we had already built,

We can say with great pride that all villages in our district now have
militiamen who work with the FDS [expansion unknown] day and night.

We are now producing burnt bricks of which at this time we already have more
than 800,000,. Following the reopening of the Malulu lime factory, we are
going to finish some houses and start the construction of others,

The economic base of the city of Unango was derived from the farming areas
but, specifically, from the agricultural enterprise by that same name,
Here we have. our own way of life,

NOTICIAS: What actions are in progress here in Unango to carry out small
projects so as to solve local problems?

Francisco Cuinica: Weare in the process of expanding some of our small
rural industrial establishments, such as the basket-weaving, tinsmith's,
barber, shoemaker's, and tailor shops. What we need now actually is a
little bit of mobilization,

Here, in our district, we can already. report the practice of apiculture.

We have about 60 beehives, of which 32 are already populated, This work is
being helped along by four beekeepers,

34



Perhaps the first major
point to note is that virtu-
ally all our problems
begin and end here at
home.

It is pointless to’ talk
about international double
standards, about Moscow-
promoted campaigns or,
about Third World coun-
tries finding scapegoats in
apartheid to hide their own
problems.

All these things are per-
fectly true, but they are also

inevitable given our inter-

nal policies.

It is here that ‘the inter-
national’ media find their
rich’ propaganda taterial.
Tt is here that the deat’ toll
in the townships mounts
sickeningly day by day, and
every single criticism or at-
tack on our system abroad
derives its arguments. and
its impetus from our inter-
nal politics. ot

Meaningless

The most formidable “en-.
emies” abroad, further-
more, are South African ex-
iles who want to come back.
~ Without a doubt the
major problem is “apart-
heid”, but to say that ‘is
meaningless and trite, par-
ticularly at a time when

apartheid seems in immi-.,

nent danger of becoming
the most over-used and mis-
used word in history.

One must be more specif- :

ie,

The basic problem is
really a contradiction in the
ray apartheid is perceived
and defined by the State on
the one hand and by the vic-
tims of apartheid-on ‘the

er.
The Government defines
apartheid as discrimination
and inequality between the
racial categories which it
has formally defined."
Sometimes it adds the
qualification that apartheid,
is “unnecessary” discrimi-
nation, because it holds to
the view that distinctions
between groups of a non-
discriminatory kind are
normal and natural.
Equipped with this view,

the Government has no.

problem in committing .it-
self, perfectly sincerely, to

the elimination of apart-°

heid. The problems then lie
in how to find the money,

the expertise and the ad-
ministrative resources to
. remove inequality in prac-
-tice.

Contradiction |

Politicised black people, '
on the other hand, appear to
define apartheid in a much
more fundamental way. .
Apartheid is any form of of-
ficial differentiation be
tween le purely
on race 6 o the colour of

, their skins.

Tt starts with race classi-

fication. The Population

- Registration Act is the fun-
damental ‘issue, not the de-
grees of inequality between
groups in the various
spheres of life (though obvi- |
ously the inequality is a-
deeply felt and serious mat-
ter as well).

It is this basic contradic-

' ton which explains why the,
reforms which the Govern-
ment has launched in the
past few years have been so
seriously destabilising.

From the perspective of
the Government, and a ma-

* jority of moderate whites,
the reforms, although cer-
tainly strategic, were sin-
cerely, intended.

The notion of the “step in

« the right direction” is a per-

‘ fectly sensible and under-

standable view among es-
tablishment whites.

For politicised blacks,
however, it is impossible to
ameliorate apartheid.
Every reform has taken
place within a context of
race classification.

‘The tricameral Parlia-
ment rests on the structure

, of race differentiation, in-
creased expenditure on edu-
ation has occurred within
, Separate systems and the
new Regional Services
Councils are based on the
Taetally separate municipal
Bx separate municipal
authorities. .

In this context a perfect!
obvious conclusion is
drawn. Every single reform
so far, with the exception of
the recently announced
common citizenship, ‘has
been a painful reminder of
the reality of apartheid —
race classification.

Realities

.. . Within the framework of
the Population Registration

54

Act, therefore, reform away
from apartheld becomes
impossible.
is, then, seems to be
the first major reason why
we have lurched into in-
stability and crisis since the
reformist administration of
Mr P W Botha took over.
Perceptions and senti-
ments are the base realities
of politics. and, in terms of
the most salient black per-
ceptions, each reform, far
from being a step in the
right direction, has’ been
seen as a fateful reinforce-
ment of apartheid. a
» _ We run the serious risk in
South Africa, therefore, of
: “reforming” ourselves into
a state of revolution.
It is this critical reality,
. above all, which compelled
' the generally conservative
' HSRC investigation into in-
ter-group relations to state
as its major recommenda-
tion that “freedom of asso-
ciation” is the keynote basic

. requirement for peace and
stability. ps

A second basic problem
which has impelled us to-
wards our present crisis is
the way in which the teform
process occurs. While
not intended as such, our
reform process is analogous
to a cat pla: with an in-
jured eth

‘The problem is one of sys-°

tematically raising and
: frustrating expectations
| through vacillation and bu-

} reaucratic delay. Two ex-,

' cellent examples are occur-
' ring at this very time.

Influx contro and order: *

ly urbanisation policy are
‘one. Since the report of the
| Rickert Commission, the
; Government has been send-
| ing out signals of its inten-
| tion to alter the system of
influx control in some way
or another.

Early expectations were
raised. Then came the so-
called Koornhof Bills, Tak-
en together they represent-
ed not reform but a
rationalisation and stream-
lining of policy.

“ In the context of the:

: raised expectations, howev-
er, they caused a political
explosion. The UDF was

launched in the heat of the’

furore. The greatest single
mobilisation of black dis-
sent since the ANC defiance



For example, this year, of the 15 vessels that the enterprise has, 13 were
planned, because it was thought that only two would not operate during the
year. In. fact, those two boats did not operate, but the same thing happened
to other vessels, as in the case of the net-casting boat, which broke down
during the second quarter and has not returned to the water to date.

Thus, making an analysis of the fulfillment of the production plans at the end
of the first half of this year, the following has been discovered:

During the first quarter, the fulfillment of the production plan was 69.6
percent for the boats in operation, and 50.3 percent for the entire fleet.

During the second quarter, it was 80.9 percent for the operating boats and
only 31.6 percent for the whole fleet.

As may be noted from the data, there was an increase in the percentage of ful-
fillment of the plan among the boats in operation during the second quarter,
in comparison with the first, whereas for the entire fleet that percentage
declined.

This fact is obviously due to a greater number of boats broken down during the
second quarter, primarily those for net-casting, which contributed largely to
the rise in production rates.

It should be noted that the aforementioned boat had a plan for catching 181 tons
of fish for the second quarter. This number, although low, is somewhat satis—
factory, in view of the large catching capacity of vessels of that type.

In addition to this boat, there are also others, such as the “Bukumazi," for
which a production of 36 tons was planned during the second quarter; the
"Kinzau," which had programmed for the same period a catch of 59 tons; and
the "Comandante Gika," which was expected to catch 30 tons of fish.

Lack of ATM and Isolated Imports of Fittings

The main problem besetting the enterprise at present is that of the breakdowns
that occur on the vessels, as has already been mentioned. These breakdowns are
due primarily to the lack of replacement materials for the damaged boats.

PESCANGOLA does not have a “ceiling” for direct imports. The necessary materials
are imported through Enatip, an enterprise responsible for prowiding parts and
fittings to the units in the fishing branch.

The lack of control found in the importing of such materials has caused serious
problems; the most necessary parts are not imported, but those in less demand
are. The enterprises are left for entire periods waiting for a small part
which, although it is insignificant for an enterprise, is postponed until later.

20



JPRS“SSA*85«108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT MAY USE ENERGY TO STIMULATE ECONOMY
Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 26 Sep 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] There is growing speculation that the Government intends stimulating
the economy in order to drag itself out of the current political quagmire.

Bringing inflation and public spending under control has been ‘scrapped as a
primary objective. In its place are plans to get the wheels of industry
turning again and the people back to work,

And one of the most likely areas to receive a shot in the arm from this
policy will be energy development.

At the same time as making public the Government's energy strategy, towards
the end of the year, Mineral and Energy Affairs Minister, Dr D.W. Steyn, is
also expected to announce that the capital development programme, which will
go with the policy, is to be accelerated.

If he does, it could be seen as an attempt to "kill two birds with one
stone'"~-firstly in terms of getting people back to work and, secondly, to
reduce this country's dependence as a net importer of oil, on an increasingly
hostile world.

Whatever the policy, one thing is certain: the private sector will have to
dig deep in order to find the necessary finance and expertise to implement
that policy.

On the one side, it will have to work out ways of attracting the capital
required from a world increasingly reluctant to lend money to this country
and, on the other, to find the local expertise to thwart attempts by con-
tractors from other parts of the world from muscling in to snap up the
available work--whether the opening up of. an offshore gas or oilfield at Mossel
Bay or the land-based development of a synfuels plant.

The best method of meeting these and other challenges which lie ahead is to

be prepared for them by knowing just which options are open to South African
firms.

87



JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MERCHANT MARINE: COOPERATION AGREEMENT WITH NORWAY SIGNED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 2 Oct 8 pl

[Text] Another step was taken yesterday in cooperation between Mozambique
and Norway in the area of the merchant marine with the signing of a sector
agreement with 80 million. kronor or about 400,000 contos.

This agreement will cover the next 4 years and will include activities

in the field of hydrography, restoration of the coastal shipping zones of
Maputo, supply of equipment to the nautical school and to NAVIQUE [Mozambique
Shipping Enterprise], as well as consultant studies on coastal shipping.

The agreement was signed by Vice Merchant Marine Minister Isaias Muhabte
and by NORAD [expansion unknown] resident representative in Mozambique
Arthur Sydnas, who is also the consul in Mozambique.

The cooperation program for the maritime sector between Mozambique and Norway
over the next 4 years is worth a total of 220 million crowns or, 1,140,000,000.00
MT [meticals].

It must be emphasized that Norway invested about 40 million kronor, close to
200,000 contos, in the establishment of the nautical school in Maputo and for
the supply of equipment and spare parts for the coastal shipping fleet.

The photo shows Isaias Muhate [as published] and Arthur Sydnas congratulating

each other at the end of the signing of the sector agreement which took place
in Maputo yesterday.

5058
csO: 3442/11

41



cso:

3400/150

‘the National Party Gov-

ernment has not aban-
doned its homelands

:dream, ‘but has merely

modified it to win over
recalcitrants like Kwa-

Zulu.

82



The coming upturn, which according to all indications will be with us this
coming year, can be hastened considerably if people have enough confidence to
make preparations for that even now.

All we need is a couple of prominent companies willing to take the lead in
setting up new factories, expand existing ones and employ more workers. The
rest will follow in quick fashion and before we realize it the next upswing
will be here.

Actually there is not a great deal of difference between a recession and a
phase of prosperity. Ina recession there is an abundance of goods and
workers, but customers are scarce. In an upturn phase goods and workers are
scarce but there is an abundance of customers.

The only way of getting more customers is to put money in their pockets. This
can be done by lowering taxes and inflation, and by increasing salaries, which
is of course easier said than done.

However, if we are not willing to strive for that in a purposeful manner and

at the same time increase our productivity we will always be stuck in the mud.
The sun does shine up there. We just have to open our eyes.

7964
cso: 3401/3

59



SAA FORCED TO FIND NEW ROUTES

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 26 Sep 85 p 13

[Article by special correspondent Mr Pik Botha7

Liext]

THE marked shift in public opinion against
South Africa and apartheid is causing some in-
ternational airlines to plan changes to their
long-established routes which cross Black Af-
rica and terminate in South Africa.

They are also being in-
fluenced by the increas-*
ing reluctance ‘of most
African states to provide
overflying and landing
tights to jetliners bound
for South Africa. *

South African Air-
ways, which has for
years avoided flying
over continental Africa,
is concerned about the
long-term future of its
own route around the
“bulge” of West Africa,
made possible by using
the Cape Verde island
of Sal for refuelling on
flights bound for Europe
and the US.

Up to 18 SAA flights
pass through Amilcar
Cabral Airport, Ilha do
Sol, every week of the
year.

Stopped

Nairobi’s Jomo Ken-
yatta International Air-
port, long used as a
“halfway halt” by wide-
bodied jets of various

83

JPRS+SSA85*108
5, November 1985

European airlines ope-

tating between their

capital cities and Jan
Smuts Airport in Johan-
nesburg, has come un-
der closer scrutiny by
opponents of the Pre-
toria regime.

Airline operators are
now thinking seriously
about phasing out such
flights to South Africa,
or to stop using Nairobi
as a halfway stop.

First to make a posi-
tive move is Scandina-
vian Airlines System
(SAS) which stopped its
flights from Copenha-
gen to Johannesburg
through Nairobi on Sep-
tember 1.

This has also meant
the temporary cessation
of SAS flights to Nai-
robi, but SAS expects to
resume those in Novem-
ber, once a suitable in-
termediate stop has
been found to make the
route economically
viable.

SOUTH AFRICA



IJPRS“SSA585+108
5 November 1985

GHANA

GHANA RADIO ON UK POLICY AT COMMONWEALTH :
AB161410 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 16 Oct 85
[Kwesi Amoako commentary]

[Text] Every 2 years, Commonwealth heads of government meet’ in one’ of the
member-countries to discuss matters of mutual concern.and interest’ to mem-
bers. Today's meeting is therefore in that tradition. Traditionally, a
Commonwealth prime ministers' conference is not a place to negotiate deals
in the same way as we carry on negotiations with the European Community,
for example, or with the World Bank, or with the IMF. ~ But the Common-
wealth, being an organization that brings together some of the world's
richest and some of the poorest countries in the world, a conference like
this cannot fail to touch on subjects that crop up whenever poor countries
meet the rich ones.

The problem of the debt of the Third World countries and the growing reluc-
tance of Western banks and financial markets to lend more money to the
poorer countries; the threat of protectionism and the uncertainty. that
surrounds the pricing of export commodities of the Third World countries
are all subjects that must interest a Commonwealth meeting like this. One
would even expect that the Commonwealth would be able to make an important
breakthrough on some of these issues that will guide the rest of the world.

On any issue, South Africa remains easily the top issue of mutual concern.
For the Commonwealth, South Africa is the problem that will not go. [As
heard] The union of South Africa, as it then was, had been a member of

the Commonwealth; but in 1961, South Africa was forced to leave the organ-
ization as a result of criticisms of her racial policies by member-countries;
and since then, South Africa has been a constant subject at almost every
Commonwealth conference. It has long ago been recognized that the only

way to force an end to apartheid is to impose economic sanctions on the
South African regime. This is the view that has been taken by a majority
of the members of the Commonwealth and, indeed, by much of the international
community. .But Britain, the most senior member of the Commonwealth op-
poses this view and has stoutly resisted every pressure on her to impose
sanctions.

28



JPRS+SSA*85~+108
5 November 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

PROJECTS FOR LNG PRODUCTION, MARKETING DETAILED

Luanda SADCC ENERGY in English May/Jul 85 pp 32-33

[Article by Lome Nacas]

Despite some hesitation arising from market studies, it seems that by 1990 three Sub-
Saharan African countries will be exporters of liquefied natural gas (LNG): Nigeria, Ca-

[Text ]

meroon and Congo.

The largest project is located in the Gulf of Guinea, in Nigeria. While there have been
some problems in choosing partners and an operating company, and even in assessing
project costs, the Bonny gas liquefaction plant near Port Harcourt is now due to goon

stream before 1990 and probably in 1987-88.

Problems arose following withdrawal in
1980-82 of two of the six partners in the
project, the U. S. Philips Co. and British
Petroleum of Great Britain.

The ambitious Bonny project, slated to
be the world’s largest, with capacity for
treating 16 billion m? of natural gas per
year, clearly surpassed Nigeria’s financing
capability at the time, yet the State wished
to control 60% of the capital through the
Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation
(NNPC).

Because of its financial shortfall, Nige-
ria had to decide between carrying out the
Project as originally planned but calling on
overseas finance, or dividing it into two
stages, building two units each with a ca-
pacity of eight billion cubic metres.
"But it was not Nigeria’s financ difficul-
ties that prompted Philips, withdrawal.
The reasons were not only economic but
also political and included: a) the abun-
dance of gas resources in North America
and 5) the U. S. Administration’s refusa
to invest in any further energy projects in
the Third World.

Total costs of the Bonny project, inclu-
ding acquisition of a fleet of 16 megatan-
kers to transport the gas, are estimated at
over US$ 15 billion, or three quarters of
Nigeria’s total oil earnings.

Even though the Bonny plant is not yet
operational, Nigerian. gas already has a
market. A protocol agreement was signed

in 1980 between Nigeria and an ‘eight-
member consortium of European compa-
nies led by Gaz de France (GDF), for pur-
chase of half the Bonny production with
an option on purchases of the remaining
fifty per cent.

In Cameroon the situation is quite diffe-
rent and the country might become the
first Sub-Saharan African country to enter
the African LNG market. The Kribi plant
Project, under an ad hoc company, SE-
GAZCAM, groups five partners with
equal stakes of 20%: the national oil com-
pany SNH, ELF Serepca, SHELL Pec-
tem, Mobil Oil and Total Tepcam. Their
Project studies virtually completed in 1982
aimed at better estimates of the country’s
gas reserves (estimated at 300 bin m3, se-
ven times smaller than Nigeria’s) in order
to arrive at a proposal for the size of the
LNG treatment plant.

The Kribi plant’s capacity will lie some-
where between 4-8 min cubic metres per
year and the total cost will be US$ 4-6 bin.
GDF has already made known its inten-
tions of purchasing up to 6 bln cubic me-
tres per year of the Kribi production when
it reaches full capacity, and of acquiring
1-2 bin cubic metres p. a. in the first few
years.

Sociéte Gaz Congo was formed in the
Congo in 1981. In 1982 it joined with
Hydrocongo (35%), AGIP (32,5%) and
ELF (32.5%) to begin studies on a project



JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

NIGERIA

UKPO CITED ON INFORMATION CENTERS, TRAFFICKING, RELEASE OF POLITICIANS
AB122155 Lagos Domestic Service in English 2100 GMT 12 Oct 85

[Text] The Federal Military Government is working out modalities for re~-
opening some of its information centers abroad. The information centers
which served as Nigeria's image makers were closed down in 1983 for eco-
nomic reasons. In an interview in Lagos with the correspondent of the
INTERNATIONAL PRESS SERVICE, the minister of information and culture, Lieut-
enant Colonel Anthony Ukpo, said that a reappraisal is being carried out

to determine which of the centers will be reopened subject.to the avail-
ability of funds. This time, he said, the centers will cover regions rather
than individual countries. _

Lieutenant Colonel Ukpo said the government was also doing its best to
contain drug trafficking which has given Nigeria a bad image abroad.

On the review of the detention of politicians promised by President Ibra-
him Babangida, he said that no time limit has been set for the completion

of the exercise. He said it was an ongoing review which will continue
until all cases have been looked into. :

cso: 3400/202

43



JPRS*SSA*85* 108
5 November 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

CANADIANS SUPPORT SOLAR, WIND POWER STUDY
Luanda SADCC ENERGY in English May/Jul 85 p 37

[Article by Steve Godfrey]

[Text ] The Canadian non-governmental orga-
nization Inter Pares has agreed with the
Technical and Administration Unit coor-
dinating the energy sector to begin a study . wk . .
of potential wind and solar power pilot together with the provisional list of possi-
projects numbers 4.0.3. and 4.0.4. The ble sites. The study will augment this data
study will be completed during 1985. by making available information relevant

SADCC has identified new and renewa- to final site selection and concentrating on
ble energy sources as an important ele- the human and social conditions necessary
ment in the development of energy strate- for successful introduction of the new
gies in the region as a means to reduce the technology.
pressure on traditional energy sources, im- The study will include:
prove living conditions in remote areas 1) An analysis of wind and solar
through provision of electricity and contri- generating system pilot projects
haa o agricultural and industrial deve- which have been carried out in other

However, the introduction of wind and ser opes eriere m abon
solar technologies to Southern Africa has 2) An analysis of the ex ‘
been slower than in other parts of the de- to date within SADCC stat a of the
veloping world such as India, West Africa, introduction of new and renewable
and Latin America. So far, in Southern technologies such as wind powered
Africa it has been restricted to solar heat- water pumps in Lesotho and solar
ing and drying systems and wind powered drying equipment in Zimbabwe.
mechanical devices such as water pumps, 3) The examination of appropriate
ane ivy systems for local local organisational structures for

As a means to develop the latter See aquired eae,
SADCC has proposed the establishment community-based economic de wvelop-
of two pilot units: a S0kw wind powered ment, conversion from existing pow-
turbine and a 30kw photovoltaic genera- er sources, etc).
tor. The outline project descriptions indi- 4 Investigation abunt how best to
cate that the wind unit could be situated in involve appropriate regional partici
Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, or Tanza- pation by member-state representati-
mia ang the solar unit in Angola, Botswa- ves in the pilot projects.

SADCC has prepared detailed project The results will by synthetisized and will
data setting out the basic engineering and guide specific recommendating for the
technical requirements of the two projects siting and design of pilot projects. t

cso: 3400/219



These contacts disclosed thatthe first priority sectors connected with
this: program include agriculture, domestic and foreign food trade, water
and sanitation, as well .as medications, among other things.

The. center is to support the Manica laboratory in the program for the control
of products of animal origin and the Zambezia laboratory as'regards the con-
trol of ground palm nuts produced by Sococo, an enterprise based in that
province,

5058
cso: 3442/11

37


JPRS#SSA485*108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

PESCANGOLA FACES PRODUCTION PROBLEMS DUE TO SHIP BREAKDOWNS
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 17 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] The breakdowns occurring on the vessels of the PESCANGOLA [Angolan Fish-
ing Enterprise] fleet are the main obstacles to the fulfillment of this fishing
enterprise's production plans, as JORNAL DE ANGOLA was told by its assistant
general director, Ildefonso de Carvalho. That official also remarked that
those breakdowns, which occur primarily because of the lack of materials for
replacement of the engines, "cause a certain amount of blockage in the enter-
prise's productive activity." PESCANGOLA, a national enterprise created by
Decree 42/81 of 28 April, with headquarters in Luanda and an agency in Benguela
Province, has a fishing fleet consisting of 15 vessels, 14 of which are trawlers
and only one for casting nets. Of the trawlers, 12 were built in Brazil and
two in Angola, at ESTALNAVE [Shipyards Enterprise], the former Sorefame of
Lobito, as well as the one for casting nets,

At the present time, of the 15 aforementioned boats, only six are operational,
three operate irregularly, two are being repaired at ESTALNAVE and four are
broken down.

The information cited here clearly reflects the problem existing at the enter-
prise, because although the latter has cooperation agreements with foreign
fleets, it is on the national fleet that "the guarantee of the production plans
is based," as its assistant general director claimed.

Structure of the Enterprise

PESCANGOLA employs 350 workers,305 of whom are natives and the remaining 48
foreigners [figures as published].

Of the native workers, who include 15 women, 118 work on land in the adminis—
trative services and the technical area; while 180 men are working at sea.

Among the 48 foreigners, 46 are of North Korean nationality, and there is one
Spaniard and one Portuguese.

From an organizational standpoint, the enterprise has six different departments,
each with its own functions, most of them specific for the type of enterprise

16



JPRS*SSA*85 4108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

CITIZEN'S IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES DESCRIBED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 18 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] Everyone is a living component of the society and, as such, must be
provided with a document which describes and identifies him.

In order to become informed on the operation of the Luanda Identification
Records, an agency of vital importance, as well as on the difficulties confront-
ing it, we contacted Joaquim Pereira de Carvalho, chief of the National Civil
and Criminal Identification Department.

"During the first half of this year, 174,420 identity cards were issued, and
95,416 criminal record certificates were processed, bringing receipts with
a monetary value of 35,704,600.00 kwanzas," commented Joaquim de Carvalho,
when our team of reporters inquired about the work done during this period
of the year.

The chief of the National Civil and Criminal Identification Department also
remarked: "From the proclamation of national independence until December 1984,
3,062,793 identity cards were issued, and 607,211 criminal record certificates
were processed."

With a total of six civil identification stations and 10 tobacco shops engaged
in the provision and reception of printed criminal record certificates in
Luanda Province, this sector has nearly 118 workers in this province and
handles between 350 and 360 requests for identity cards every day.

When asked to comment on the slowness that has been noted in the provision of
identity cards to those concerned, Joaquim de Carvalho. claimed that this
situation is due to several factors.

“We must bear in mind that the provision. of the identity cards is carried out
on the basis of the citizen's native location,” observed the chief of the
National Civil and Criminal Identification Department, who. continued: "For
example, if an individual is a native of Huambo and a resident of Luanda,
attempting to obtain his ID in the latter city, the identification services
will have to organize and send his records to his province of origin to confirm
all the citizen's data. These records are sent by mail (by air, where there
are flights, and by truck where airplanes .do ‘not fly). . However, in view of the
constant war situation that we are experiencing, often the records do not
leave Luanda on time, and vice- versa."

11



UGANDA

Briefs

Hoist-Controllers Made

Exports Air Freighted

Heat Treatment Contract

Umlazi Leader on Inkatha Hit-List
Black Jobs in Tourism

Peace Group's Manifesto

Border Violence

Military Council Spokesman

104
105
105
106
106
106
107

108



JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985

BORDER VIOLENCE--More than 170 Ciskeian workers and students appeared in
magistrates' courts in the border region this week on charges ranging from
murder to holding unlawful gatherings, following the recent unrest in Duncan
village. In Alice, 100 Gobizembe Secondary School pupils were charged with
holding an unlawful gathering on their school premises., They were not asked

to plead and no evidence was led. They were each released on R20 bail. In the
East London Magistrate's Court, 25 Duncan Village residents appeared briefly
on allegations of murder. And in the Mdantsane Magistrate's Court, 46 people
appeared briefly before Magistrate F. Erasmus on charges of holding an unlawful
gathering. [Text] [Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 22 Sep 85 p. 4]

cso: 3400/152

107



On the tables lie rolls and rolls of unopened newspapers, heaps of mail,
stencils, documents, telexes, copies of the ANC publications SECHABA and
[THE] AFRICAN COMMUNIST and the forbidden NEWSWEEK .

The president will only be able to speak to me later. Who am I to compete
with Red China's ambassador, who turns up in his cream-colored Mercedes
for an interview?

In the meantime I have a conversationwith three ANC veterans--Mac Maharaj,
an Indian who spent 12 years on Robben Island, James Stuart, a onetime
trade union activist, and Ronnie Kasirls.

Ronnie is one of the ANC's veteran white members. He left the country

in the early sixties as a young man because he was so shocked by the Sharpe-
ville incident. Before that he was at school in Durban along with businessman
Tony Bloom.

"Conversation" is not really the right word, because I talk and they ask
questions. Where is the government heading? Is there dissension in the
cabinet? How long will President Botha continue to hold power? Who will
follow him? Who is this fellow Gerrit Viljoen? and Heunis? and Jannie
Geldenhuys?

"See you soon in Pretoria," Ronnie says in Afrikaans at the end of the
conversation. "Like hell you will," I think, but I don't say it out loud.

My interview with Oliver Tambo starts promptly at four o'clock. The man

with the mustache, the woolly jowls and the soft voice greets me in a friendly
way. He wears a blue plaid shirt and gray trousers. His glasses rest

on his lap.

A heavy-set bodyguard takes up position opposite me. Scarcely a minute
into the conversation Tambo indicates to him that he may as well leave.

The 30-minute interview becomes 45 minutes, an hour, 70 minutes. Our conversa-
tion ranges widely: on ‘his impressions of the South African businessmen,
on the ANC's economic policy, on violence, on the unrest in the country.

His voice and his words are without bitterness. He sees a place in South
Africa for the white man. Only apartheid must disappear, and he will leave
no stone unturned to achieve that.

At the end of the conversation I ask Victor to take a photograph of me

and his leader. "I must have something to show. after all if the revolution
reaches my street," I joke.

"Perhaps it may help," is the answer.
We talk about the future of Afrikaans. The language will continue to exist,

comes the assurance. An order goes to Victor: see to it that the Afrikaans
content of Radio Freedom's broadcasts is increased.

66



According to the assistant general director of PESCANGOLA, "There are certain
parts of a vessel which, after a certain amount of time in operation, need
inspection. If these inspections are not made at the proper time, there can
be very serious consequences."

The lack of replacement parts makes it necessary to carry out “piecework,"

as that official remarked. "A breakdown occurs in a certain part of the boat,
and an attempt is made to correct the situation which caused the breakdown, but
this means putting off a major future problem," he concluded.

And there are vessels in this situation, as in the case of the aforementioned
"Bukumazi" and "Malembo," which are at a standstill because ofa problem with
the air compressor. The same situation has occurred in the ‘other boats which
have broken down. The solution to the problems has been postponed until they
become as they are, for lack of material technical assistance (ATM).

Hence, it is easy to infer that "ATM has been one of the major bottlenecks" for
PESCANGOLA's fleet, as its assistant general director claimed.

2909
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yan



took hours to discuss, a consensus was reached which, in itself, constitutes
a great success for the Angolan people, and for all of us as well."

Meanwhile, regarding the status of the border dispute. between his country and
the Republic of Senegal which has divided them for several years, that Guinea-
Bissau ruler claimed that both sides had reached an agreement based on the
presentation of this matter to a court of arbitration that is now being
established, awaiting only the assignment of the presiding judge.. He also
explained that the court will most likely meet in. Geneva or Paris.

He added: "There is a political desire on both sides to satisfactorily resolve
this border conflict and finally settle a problem that the colonial regimes,
both Portuguese and French, never dealt with and never resolved; perhaps even
with a certain notion of creating during the post-independence period another
political problem with our neighbors, thereby poisoning our fraternal relations."

Visit -to: Soyo

In Soyo, where he spent the entire day yesterday, the Guinea-Bissau minister,
along with the vice minister of petroleum, Desiderio Costa, and the general
director of SONANGOL, Herminio Escorcio, as well as several ambassadors from
the People's Republic of Angola accredited to certain Front Line countries,
was able to pay a lengthy visit to the Quinfunquena bases, to.a project in

the FINA/SONANGOL/Texaco Association area, of which FINA is the operator and
SONANGOL ‘the concession-holder, directed toward the fishing industry and
production in the Congo Basin, and to Kwanda, a complex constructed by SONANGOL
at the mouth of the Zaire River, to back up the region's petroleum activity.

2909
CSO: | 3442/7



JPRS*SSA«85~4108
5 November 1985

NEW PRESIDENT FOR PETROFINA--"Petrofina" appointed Jean Pierre Amory to be
chairman of its board of directors, replacing Adolphe Demeure de Lespaul
who died in Belgium on 25 August. Engineer Amory was born in the city of
Mons, in Belgium, in April 1925; he studied mining engineering at the
university in his home state and after that he took a specialized course

in petroleum at the University of Oklahoma in the United States, He began
his professional career in Angola in February 1954 as a probe engineer with
the "Petrofina" prospecting mission; after that, he held various positions
until he was appointed general manager of PETRANGOL [Angola Petroleum
Company] in November 1962, He left Angola in 1968 to take over as deputy
administrator of the petrochemical complex at "Petrofina" in the region of
Mons; he held this position until 1974 when he was appointed general manager
of “Petrofina" in Brussels, in charge of the group's prospecting and produc-
tion operation on a worldwide scale, He became enterprise vice president

in 1980; throughout his career in Belgium, he continued to keep’closé tabs
on the operations of Petroleum Refinery of Angola on whose board of directors
he has been since 1977, [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese’ 12
Sep 85 p 12] 5058 ‘ ‘ , “

BPV SPECIAL GROUP COURSE--Sumbe--The first course for special groups from the
administration of the People's Vigilance Brigades [BPV], which took ‘place at
the Joaquim Kapango center for instruction. and training of minor specialists,
ended recently, with a ceremony presided over by the assistant provincial
commissar, Antonio Narciso. The course, given by Angolan instructors and
Cuban internationalists, included the subjects of military tactics, infantry
firing, political training, united order and physical training. After recall-
ing the success achieved since the founding of the BPV, and that added by
the. glorious FAPLA in the battle against the UNITA puppets, the assistant
provincial commissar cited the importance of the training of special groups
among the brigade members, because this reinforces organization and makes

it possible to heighten the vigilance. {Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 15 Sep 85 p 12] 2909

PLANNING MINISTER IN LUNDA-NORTE--Chitato-~The member of the Central Committee
of the MPLA-Labor Party and minister of planning, Lopo Ferreira do Nascimento,
has been in this town since. Thursday, on a.working visit to the Province of
Lunda-Norte.. Upon his arrival in this province, Lopo do Nascimento met with
party and government officials, as well as with the administrator of. DIAMANG
{Angolan Diamond Company], analyzing and discussing problems associated with
the soecioeconomic existence of the population in this area. It should be
noted that Lopo do. Nascimento is due to meet on Friday with officials from
DIAMANG and pay a visit to target economic centers in the province. [Text]
[Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 15 Sep 85 p12] 2909

cso: 3442/7

26



"We also felt that the specialist area has great potential because there is
a growing demand for sophisticated materials in South Africa and stainless
steel is a sophisticated material for castings.

"At present, the market is controlled by a few major suppliers, and we are
extremely confident, after out first three months of operation, that we
will make substantial inroads into that market."

Slabbert said that by establishing a foundry from scratch, equipment could
be specified specifically to suit its needs.

One such piece of equipment is a new cold box machine, the first to be
manufactured for a South African foundry. It will enable the company to
produce high-volume and close tolerance castings and was locally manufac-
tured by Davcor.«

“previously, such machines have had to be imported at considerably higher
costs than'the local version, which is a fully automatic shuttling. machine
with two separate tables."

One table is shuttled into the machine to make moulds or cores, while the
other table is shuttled out and is immediately available for stripping of
the moulds or the cores. This allows full use of the machine on a continu-
ous basis, thereby improving productivity.

“With the installation of this new machine, Steloy will have the most modern.
and widest range of moulding and core-making. equipment in the country,"
Slabbert claimed.

Other modern foundry equipment already installed at Steloy includes medium-
frequency induction furnaces imported from the United Kingdom, an emission
spectrometer’ from Switzerland, sand-mixers and a gas-fired heat treatment
furnace coupled to a quenching facility. ‘

It also has a fully equipped pattern shop, shot-blasing machines and asso-
ciated equipment.’ The sand is delivered dry and blown into a storage silo,
one of the latest trends being used in Europe and the United States.

Additionally, Steloy has a laboratory, pattern shop and heat-treatment plant.
It will heat-treat castings to international specifications, while manu- ;
facturing will be according to SABS 0157 Part II 1979 Quality Assurance
Guidelines. . Be

According to Slabbert, the foundry is relatively unique in that it is probably
one of the'very few in South Africa to concentrate its activities around a
specific area rather than trying to be everything to all men. > .

Said Slabbert: "In the past, South African foundries have been very old
fashioned organisations and have tried to cater for the total market
needs. However, this is not our intention. We are only interested in
stainless steel, as our name implies.

95



In short, only the wiliest and most experienced will be in with a chance

and even they will have to call on every scrap of knowledge and experience to
get the projects off the ground and completed within the required constraints
in terms of cost, quality and time.

With this in mind, the Techno-Economic Society of Southern Africa (TESSA), in

conjunction with ENGINEERING WEEK, is to hold a one-day seminar entitled "Capex
in Energy" on 6 November to provide some of the ammunition to win the battles

which lie ahead.

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88



JPRS*SSA*85~108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

HUAMBO, CUNENE PARTY CHIEFS SHARE EXPERIENCES
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 14 Sep 85 p 3

[Excerpts] A delegation headed by Pedro Mutinda, coordinator of the Cunene
Provincial Committee, accompanied by his deputy coordinator Antonio Cabinda
and the deputy provincial commissioner Mario Sambuaco, visited this city
to exchange experiences with party officials in this province,

According to the agenda, the group recently met with Lucio do Amaral, the
deputy provincial commissioner of Huambo, and visited the installations of
the provincial agriculture delegations, of the MINCI {Ministry of Internal
Trade], and of industry.

For. the purpose of being briefed on the way the party agencies operate in
this province, the delegation met with Marculino Moco, the coordinator of
the provincial party committee, who talked about the activities: which the
party has been carrying out in response to the current political-military
situation in the province as well as activities having to do with the 10th
anniversary of the country's independence and the Second Party Congress,

As part of the visit made by the second secretary of that organization,
Moreira Lopes participated in the work of the 6th regular meeting of the
municipal committee of the JMPLA-JP [Youth of the Popular Movement for
the Liberation of Angola] during which the members pledged faithfully to
carry out the tasks assigned to them.

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JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

" SOUTH AFRICA

PROSPECTS FOR FOUNDRY INDUSTRY DISCUSSED
Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 26 Sep.85 p 15

[Text] While most foundries are struggling to keep the
furnace fires stoked through one of the bleakest periods
in the history of South African industry, a new special-
ist stainless steel foundry has come on stream.

ENGINEERING WEEK spoke to MD of Steloy Stainless Preci-
sion Castings Danie Slabbert about the decision to start
operations at this time and the prospects for the South
African foundry industry in general.

Inside Steloy...Name of company: Steloy Stainless & Pre-
cision Castings.

Shareholders: Danie Slabbert (MD); Apie Kruger (techni~
cal director); Hardy Kroll (sales director); Willem de
Beer (production director).

Labour structure:. In addition to the directors who are
all intimately involved in the day-to-day running of opera-
tions, the foundry at present employs five skilled and 20
unskilled workers.

Area under cover: 20,000 m’ with 400 m? office space
Order book: Contracts on hand for the next three months,
Export: Company is concentrating solely on the domestic
market in the immediate future.

The present economic climate, gloomy though it may be, is still the best time
to start a specialist foundry.

This is the opinion of Danie Slabbert, MD of Steloy Stainless Precision. Cast-
ings, a company which has been in operation for three months.

"We undertook extensive research before launching this venture, and the
results indicated that there was a strong desire from the customer for an.
alternative source of supply for high-quality stainless steel castings," he
said,

94



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

KALAHARI IRRIGATION PIPELINE READY FOR USE

Upington DIE GEMSBOK in Afrikaans 30 Aug 85 p 2

[Text] Upington--Mr J. J. Bruwer, chief director of Farming Development of the
Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, said that the Kalahari pipeline
will now provide water to farmers in that region.

Now farmers will have to do their part.

In the course of his opening address, during the winter school at the Depart-
ment's Karakoel Research Station at Upington, Mr Bruwer stated that everybody
should be concerned about the deterioration of the country's resources, and
not just the government.

The implementation of the government's development initiative (optimal employ-
ment of resources, national pasturage strategy and national information action)
is dependent upon teamwork,

The leading husbandry farmers responsibility is just as great as that of the
agricultural official who is merely the catalyst for giving momentum to the
action.

Mr Bruwer said tHat the department is perturbed about the fact that in the
Gordonia subdistrict, which over the past several seasons has been severely
ravaged by drought, there still exists a 28 percent overstocking of livestock
irrespective of the pasturage capacity standards of the region.

According to phases four and five, the region has also received substantial aid.
In contrast with this there is also a number of farmers who have been using the
¥esources at an optimal rate and have conducted their husbandry farming profit-
ably.

Preservation farmers are also preserving pasture and ground resources consci-
entiously. This means that preservation farmers are successfully surviving
the drought with less livestock and are maintaining stability in the local
community.

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cso: 3401/3

99



JPRS*SSA+85~108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SYMBOLIC ACTIONS VIEWED AS MORE IMPORTANT THAN WORDS
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 29 Aug 85 p 12

[Article by Piet Muller: "Signs of Hope Needed - Symbols Are Today More
Important Than Words"]

{Text] When has South Africa been so hard-pressed? The country has just
gone through two of its most difficult weeks. Almost overnight it has started
to react like a country which has lost confidence in itself. It is certain
that the reform climate has suffered a big setback. It will require great
effort to pull the cart out of the mud. The whole international dynamics
around South Africa have changed drastically in two weeks. If the country
wants to survive, it will have to face up squarely to their full
implications. The first lesson is that South Africa can have a free-market
economy only if it is willing to discount the effect of political decisions -~
or lack of decisions -~- on the economy.

Start of Erosion

The second lesson was when South Africa realized with a shock how successful
the campaign has been which the ANC and anti-apartheid groups have been
conducting against it now for decades. Piece by piece they started to erode
the country's legitimacy from under it. What started asa protest campaign
against South Africa's athletes quickly became a campaign against its export
products too; against its participation in international agencies, and against
business with it. The technique of guerrilla war has been exerted against
South Africa with great success. According to this, one never fights big
battles, for then your opponent can fight back. Rather, you attack him when
he does not expect it and when it can cause an embarrassment to him if he
defends himself against you with force and opinion. It is the typical war of
the flea; a flea cannot kill a dog, but enough fleas can weaken him to the
extent that he dies from exhaustion.

Caught Unawares
There is obviously a large group of people worldwide who calculate that South
Africa is collapsing. Dr Allan Boesak calculated that with a little pressure

he could "turn the country upside down," while overseas banks are calling up
their loans out of panic. International moneylenders were caught unawares two

62



JPRS“SSA4“85«108
5 November 1985

We talk about universities and who knows who. Some of the ANC men tell
jokes from their time in South Africa.

One says: After the 1948 election I was sitting in my car at the corner
of Rissik and Commissioner Street [in Johannesburg] when a White crossed
the street, came up to me and spat in my face through the open window.
Nobody had ever done that to me before. I wiped the spittle off with my
handkerchief, folded it up neatly and it's waiting for me somewhere in
South Africa when we return.

A Zambian points at two eyes in the river. A crocodile, he says. No,
I say, it is the South African security policy keeping an eye on you.

Not so, he says, we are too far away. I say: don't be so sure.

It is hot and we continually drink soft drinks.. It is too much for one

ANC member. He takes his shoes off just before it is explained that business-
men must realize that the present economic system cannot continue.

Someone says: We are going to see each other in South Africa sooner than

we had thought until recently. Someone else says that the imminence of

the revolution should not be overestimated.

Despite the cordiality the differences are great; there is a wide gap,
perhaps too wide to be bridged.

Perhaps the discussion has helped take a small step toward narrowing the
gap--perhaps.

At the parting, one Says: Come again, but please bring a little Tassies
[Tassenberg wine?] with you.

I promised I would.
And went away with the thought that here was a dedicated, well-read group
of men, with a knowledge of South Africa, clearly with unacceptable views--
but that we and they had been taught a lot by the discussion about the
realities of our common fatherland.

Views Clearly Expressed
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 16 Sep 85 p 2
[Text] Mfuwe-~During the historic talks between the ANC and businessmen
the greatest courtesy was shown throughout on both sides--but nevertheless
both sides stated their positions very clearly.

Strong support was especially expressed by Mr Gavin Relly for the seriousness
and credibility with which President Botha is tackling reform.

The doubts about this on the other side were just as strong.

68



Which provinces have the largest numbers of requests for the issuance of
identity cards?

"First, we have Luanda. Province, next, Huambo Province, which is followed
immediately by Bie Province."

Where there is work, there are difficulties; working means overcoming a series
of difficulties. Which are the most glaring difficulties being confronted,
and what has been done to solve them?

"at present, the greatest difficulties that we have are associated with the
lack of transportation for personnel from their homes to the office, and the
lack of a day-care center for children. It is important to note that this
latter situation has been almost eliminated, because the opening of a child
day-care center is planned for the near future."

When the reporter inquired about the degree of discipline that exists between
the workers and the public, the chief of the National Civil and Criminal Iden-
tification Department claimed that it was acceptable, although there are some
members of the public with less proper attitudes.

“We have learned how to deal with the public," added the subject of our inter-
view, who went on to say: "Our workers are assiduous and punctual, although
there are some absences noted during the normal working hours to. make their
monthly purchases; which is understandable up to a certain point." Joaquim
de Carvalho stated in conclusion, "However, we are always striving to serve
our esteemed public better."

2909
cso: 3442/7

13



"We will be concentrating on supplying to the pump and valve manufacturers.
Our entire expertise is geared towards this market, and we believe we are
able to offer a particular service to it."

It appears that the market recognises this service as the budgeted order
intake for Steloy has already been exceeded in its first three months.

Slabbert believes there is very definitely a trend towards specialisation by
local foundries following on the lead which was taken in the United States
and which Europe has been quick to follow.

He said: "We believe it is necessary to specialise in order to survive in
today's market.

"I think that, in the medium to longer term, general foundries will find it
more and more difficult to survive unless they do specialise."

With regard to the future, Slabbert is excited about prospects for involvement
in planned capital projects such as Mossell Bay.

"Although it is difficult to be specific at this stage, these planned projects
do hold out very good prospects for the foundry industry and, in particular,
for specialist foundries such as ourselves," he said.

Slabbert anticipates a price increase will be inevitable in the next 12 months.

cso: 3400/219

96



made with 51 percent for:PESCANGOLA and 49 percent for Itimar. Interburgo,

in turn, which has four vessels in service, has. agreed on a minimal’ catch of
6,000 tons per year, The production is distributed in the same manner.

The Nigerian company, Osadjer, operates with two boats, faving no minimal
amounts of catch, and the division has been made with 50 percent for each side.

Finally, Frazana, which operates with only one boat, has agreed on a minimal
catch of 1,250 tons. The distribution has been made in halves, one for each
side. This contract has been in effect only since 1 August of this year.

All the activity of the foreign fleets is controlled by PESCANGOLA. The latter
keeps four ‘persons on each boat who, in addition to receiving occupational
training, also engage in the task of inspection.

The unloading of fish from these fleets is controlled by inspectors from
PESCANGOLA and its consortium, as well as by representatives from the
Ministry of Fisheries' National Inspection Department and from the client
enterprise, EDIPESCA,

EDIPESCA Is the Only Client and the Fish Supplied Is Selected

The entire production of fish caught both by the national fleet and the foreign
firms in the service of PESCANGOLA is delivered to EDIPESCA, as a distributing
enterprise, which it is, to be sent to the national-level marketing circuits.
EDIPESCA is, soto speak, PESCANGOLA's only client.

In response to a question asked by our reporter regarding the reason for the
presence’ of only low-quality fish in the fish markets, the assistant general
director of PESCANGOLA claimed that his enterprise delivers, without exception,
all the fish caught, from ordinary fish to shellfish.

To give an example, inasmuch as,on this occasion he did not have with him more
recent information, because part of the documentation relating to the foreign
fleet was in the department located in the low-lying area of Luanda, that
official commented on the plan for delivéry of fish to EDIPESCA during March,
in which one could observe the following:

In the first group of fish, including. species such as grouper, murianga, sea
bass, etc., 2,525 tons were delivered.

In the second group, including fish such as pungo, liro, dark porgy, mareca.
porgy, hake, big barbudo, etc., 222,614 kilograms were delivered.

In the third group, including cachucho, tico-tico, dorado, cod, macoa; etc.,
377 tons were delivered.

In the fourth group, including carapau, marionga, swordfish, catfish and other
qualities of fish, 25 tons were delivered to EDIPSCA.

18



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

/ SOUTH AFRICA

WHITE BIG BUSINESS SEEN AS HIGHLY RESPONSIBLE FOR CRISIS.

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 1 Oct 85 p 4

[Commentary]
[Text] e do not want to sound ” “~ We heard the call for the creation’
churlish, but the truth is -. | of a black middie class, who owned
: that white big business is | their homes. . °
as responsible for the country’s pre- | The Government did see the point

sent crisis as anybody else.

There has been a love-hate’ _

relationship between big business

and Mr P W Botha’s Government. ',
They have had at least two major ~

‘conferences with Mr Botha, the
Carlton and the Good Hope.

Mr Botha’s breast-beating reas-
sures them and they feel safe and
comfortable because of it. He is in
complete control. Even his show of
strength when he declared the state
of emergency was cautiously wel-
comed by organised business,

“

But they get decidedly uncomfort-  -
able when the Rand plummets be- :

cause of the unrest in the country.

They get uncomfortable when they

see overseas capital being with- :

drawn from the country.
That is why they have always been
slightly to the left of the National

Party Government. That is why in |
1976/77, they started talking reform |!

and formed the Urban Foundation.

But the speeches that were made *

then have made blacks suspicious of

the motives of big business when it. :

talks about reforms. The argument
then was that people who had some-

thing to defend would not easily ;

stone, burn and loot.

era

47

, and 99-year leasehold — yes, lease-

hold — was introduced.

The people at the bottom were not
built houses; sub-economic schemes
in areas like Soweto came to a com-
plete halt. The middle class that was

created was seen as a buffer:

. against the raw anger at the bottom.

Places like “Selection Park” and
“Prestige Park” in Soweto created
fresh tensions in the black communi-

+, ties: those who live there are shy and
* apologetic about it, and those who

sospeegemeagre +

are not there are uncomplimentary
about the places and the people
there.

‘The 1976/77 approach was no suc-
cessful: it sought ways of quieting
blacks rather than solutions to black
problems.

It was therefore not surprising
that the 1984/85 unrest erupted. The
1976 dummies were not good

Now 91 businessmen have signed
a declaration of their belief in the
acceleration of the reform process.
They have declared their, SEppOrt “4
for the politics of negotiation.



"Die steels are notoriously difficult in heat treatment and require very
careful handling. Take, for example, a die for producing a fairly complex
aluminum extrusion; it will naturally have a fairly complex profile and would
probably require a hardness of, say, 46 Rockwell C, but the permissible varia-
tion from this would be only one point either way. This means we are talking
about a furnace temperature variation of within 5°C. If the die is too hard
it becomes brittle and the finer parts of the design could snap under the

high extrusion pressures applied during use. On the other hand if the die

is too soft, the same areas might bend causing a deformation of the extrusion."

‘Irwin told ENGINEERING WEEK that this is why Supreme Heat Treatment places
such heavy emphasis on quality control.

"Our quality system is based on SABS 0157, and we run a fully~documented job
progress report. Each item has a job card that is signed by the supervisor
in charge at each stage of the operation. This ensures that there is full

accountability and gives us an accurate record to check on work at any time.

"The system also enables us to pinpoint how and where problems might have
occurred so that we can optimise the overall operation of the plant by
eliminating bottlenecks or specific problem areas."

Irwin also. disclosed that Supreme Heat Treatment had installed a metallurgi-
cal laboratory which will give the company one of the best-equipped heat
treatment control facilities in the country. The equipment includes a
Hewlett’Packard gas chromatograph.

"This will enable us'not only to monitor the atmospheres in our furnaces at
15-minute intervals but will also give regular print-outs as required for
our own and our customer's reference," he said.

Other equipment includes a carbon determinator, two Olympus microscopes
together with a Polaroid attachment for photographic records, a Wilson Tukon
hardness tester, an advanced electronic balance, a mounting press and
metallurgical grinding and polishing facilities as well as a host of
ancillary equipment.

"We also have full wet lab facilities," Irwin said. "In fact, the replacement
value of the laboratory equipment alone would probably be in the region of
R200 000.

Service

"However, to us the important thing is that it will enable us to provide our
clients with a unique service. We already offer a full consultancy service
with the benefit of extensive experience and expertise, but the laboratory
extends our capabilities still further.

"We can establish from test pieces aspects such as tensile strength, hardness,

metallurgical structures and so on to ensure that the treatment given produces
a component that is perfectly suited to the client's exact requirements.

92



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

LIBERIA

MONROVIA REPORTS INTERVIEW WITH PARTY OFFICIALS ON ELECTIONS
AB192216 Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 2000 GMT 18 Oct 85

[Interview granted to ELBS [Liberian Broadcasting System] Director General
Moses Washington, (Carl Slow), and (E.C. Smith) on Monrovia Television on
17 October 1985 by National Democratic Party of Liberia (NDPL) Campaign
Manager Bai Gbala, Unity Party (UP) Chairman Carlon Smith, and Liberian
Action Party (LAP) Secretary General Dr S. Byron Tarr, commenting on the
15 October general elections held in Liberia--recorded]

[Excerpts] [Gbala] Well, for the NDPL, we are very pleased simply be-
cause the elections were in performance of the guidelines laid down by our
candidate who happened to be the head of state of this country. The peace—
ful nature testifies to the commitment that he.made to the people of this
country that he would return the country to civilian rule under peaceful
conditions.

[Smith] Well, actually, the elections were conducted in an atmosphere of
peace and tranquility. We are very impressed with the turnout of the Liber-
ian people. This is a clear indication that the Liberian people are now
prepared to vote for the candidate of their choice. They no longer want
anyone to be (?thrust) down their throat. And that can be seen in the
manner in which they came out. [Words indistinct] several intimidations
and harassments in some areas. [Words indistinct] and came out because
they were to come in to exercise their franchise. And for that, we of

UP are very, very grateful. We would want to take this opportunity to
thank all the Liberian people for coming out to vote.

[Tarr] Yes, we of the LAP have already issued a press statement. I want
to say [words indistinct] Liberia is very, very gratified by a couple of
things. Firstly, the turnout. It was beyond our wildest imagination the
decorum and the discipline that the Liberian people showed. [Words in-
distinct] in public life will serve as a lesson which we will long remem-
ber. Thirdly, the long distances that people had to walk..., the long
lines [word indistinct] the rain and sun they stood in to exercise their
franchise serve as [words indistinct}. The people in Liberia (?are now
telling us that they) are not prepared to accept what their countrymen

30



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

ANGOLA

INDUSTRY MINISTRY TRAINS WORKERS IN ADMINISTRATION
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 14 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] Out of the initial 116 students, 97 successfully completed the’ 6th
basic course in administration given by the Ministry of Industry which yes~
terday closed the installations at the training center’ of that ministry in

a ceremony presided over by Antonio Burity, director of the cadre department ,
Central Committe, MPLA-Labor Party.

During the course, which began in January and which was given by Angolan and
Portuguese teachers, the students received basic knowledge in the field of
accounting on the Ist and 2nd levels, stock management’ on the Ist: and 2nd
levels, clerical techniques, as well as typing.

A recent graduate, who spoke as representative of the others, expressed
appreciation for the help given by the directorate of the Ministry of
Industry and the center who, in spite of the difficulties, made sure that
the course was completed successfully,

In his speech, Antonio Burity urged the graduates to use the knowledge they
acquired during the course in practice so that they might become professionals
and skilled workers in a free and independent homeland,

“We are in this room, officially ending the 6th training session and this
should certainly be cause for great rejoicing among all of us because, above
all, it means that we managed to train about 100 basic cadres who can now
make their contribution to the organization of enterprises and agencies,"
the official said at this point.

Antonio Burity felt that the difficulties which the center had deserved the
special concern of ministry officials, especially in the light of the speech
given by the vice minister during the methodological meeting of human resources
agencies held in Lubango. On this occasion he reaffirmed the role which had
played by the vocational training centers and he.thanked all-teachers and all
the others who, in spite of so many difficulties, managed to accomplish their
teaching tasks with zeal and dedication,

In concluding the closing session, we heard the speech by Antonio Martins,
national human resources director, who said: "We must view training as a

14



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

’ SOUTH AFRICA

ADVICE TO BUSINESS: DO NOT LANGUISH IN PESSIMISM
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 19 Sep 85 p 10
[Article by Hein Swart: "It's Time To Get Rid of pessimism"]

[Text] Bad news (and in South Africa we have more than enough of this right
now) has the tendency of feeding upon itself.

At the present time there are few aspects of South African society that are not
being dominated by bad news. The economy is one of these.

Bad news about the country's economy has now been with us for several years.
This is not just talk, and the fact is that lately things have not gone well
with the economy.

The problem with such periods of adversity is that people lose their perspec—
tive. So they notice the dark side of things, because they have certain nega-
tive expectations.

The psychological climate thus created renders it extremely difficult for con-
sumers to take note of positive aspects - even if later on there will be al-
most no negative aspects present. This is a sort of mass psychosis which is
not easy to cure.

The other problem is the effect that the political situation in the country has
on the economy at the present time. Many of the problems with which the econo-
my is now wrestling are not actual economic problems, but political ones. The
present low value of the rand is a good example of this.

If we look at the South African economy from a totally objective point of view
it will soon be clear that basically there is very little wrong with it. Nat-
urally this does not mean that there are no other points of difficulty.

Therefore, what we need in South Africa is a new spirit of adjustment, a little
positive thinking and less melancholy.

We have worked ourselves into a spirit of depression. It is now time to work
ourselves out of it.

It is always better to say that the bottle is half full instead of saying that
it is half empty.

58



JPRS“SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

CANADIAN OFFICIAL ON AID TO SADCC
Luanda SADCC ENERGY in English May/Jul 85 pp 12, 13

[Interview with Minister Duff Roblin, senior member of the Canadian Cabinet
and the Government House leader in the Senate, with Achille Lollo; date and

place not specified]

{Text ]

A. Lollo: What kind of relationship
would Canada like to maintain or reach
concerning SADCC? What are your inten-
tions?

«...There are certain aspects about
SADCC that are very appealing to Cana-
dians and to the Canadian government.
We like the fact that in this organization
there is very little indulgence in rhetoric
about problems and a good deal of atten-
tion is paid to getting things done. We like
the way that SADCC operates with a very
small, Secretariat and the way in which it
concentrates on pratical problems of the
region. The aspect of SADCC that invol-
ves cooperation between nations of the re-
gion, the way in which it works by allot-
ting to each member of the organization
some particular role, some particular
function to perform, we think is very
good. Then the possibility of cooperating
donor countries being able to add some-
thing, of their expertise and sometimes
their money as well, to what SADCC is
doing, we think is a good pattern. So we
are very impressed. When SADCC star-
ted, five years ago, the Canadian reaction
was interested, but not what you would
call greatly enthusiastic. But after having
seen the way the organization operates, we
have become very enthusiastic. At Lusaka,
jast year, the government made a commit-
ment to accord to SADCC a very special
priority in our international obligations.

In the last year, there has been a new go-
vernment in Canada.

1 am a representative of that govern-
ment, and I have come to make it clear
that the new government is fully behind
the Canadian policy toward SADCC. 1
want to make sure we continue to do our
part. It is a very good thing...»

A Lollo: Canada has become quite inte-
rested in energy. Do you think the deve-
lopment of energy in SADCC could change
the present economic situation and premo-
te development of other sectors, in parti-
cular transport and industry?

«...1 have been impressed whith the care-
ful selection of priorities in SADCC. Agri-
culture, I think that probably is priority
one, and energy comes a very close se-
cond. Then of course there is the emphasis
on transportation and communication and
on human development. Those are the
four main thrusts of the main priorites of
SADCC. | approve of those priorities. My
first reaction would be that until we have
made good progress with solving the pro-
blems in those four areas, it might be
questionable as to whether we should ac-
cept any other priorities until we have ma-
de a good job of the ones we have got.
One of these days we will have completed
those four priorities as far as SADCC can
go, and I think we will be open to examine
other priorities that the nine nations might



"Stock and equipment are being offloaded at Langlaagte at present and the

4.5 km of heavy vehicle transportation necessary to get them to their
destination is expensive and inconvenient. Members of the public, not only
from Soweto but from the East and West Rand, have always used the train to get
to the show, and I am sure they will continue to do so."

Carel van Zyl, coordinator for the National Sports, Recreation and Exhibition
Centre, shares Kleyhans's optimism about the line's imminent completion and
his conviction that it is urgently necessary.

"It is my opinion, based on support from both the NPSL and NSL soccer fac-
tions, that the soccer stadium planned for Crown Mines needs to go up, though
not to maximum proportions yet.

"Once it is up, we won't be able to do without the extra transport capacity,"
he said.

cso: 3400/219

90



NOTICIAS: What are the priorities in the social area?

Francisco Cuinicat We are concentrating our efforts on health, education,
information, justice, and defense, -We have started the work of restoring
the health stations that were destroyed and we are’ organizing population
groups whose houses were burned: by the armed bandits. The information sector
is concentrating its efforts on the mass communications system established
here, reporting some local, national, and international news, We also have
newspaper reporters at work here and we are showing films. The radio is

not working at this time due to the fact that some of the equipment was
damaged and -requires general repair.

In education, the district has a secondary school which goes up to the 6th
class and the Mbemba primary-school teacher training center. In the literacy
drive and in adult education we have had some setbacks because, at the four
centers that we are operating here, only 301 literacy trainees are in
attendance, assisted by 12 literacy instructors and three adult education
instructors.

Right now we have nine primary schools, five health stations, and one children's

center, More than eight primary schools will be in operation during the next
academic year.

5058
cso: 3442/11

35



JPRS*SSA*85*108
5 November 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NATION LAGS IN BANNING HAZARDOUS PCBS
Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 26 Sep 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] Escom and the South African Transport Services (SATS) are still in
the process of phasing out a material which has been known to be potentially
lethal since 1977.

The material, in the form of certain compounds—-polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs)--was commonly used to insulate transformers and capacitators until it
was found that it could be unstable when exposed to fire, and transformed
into highly toxic gases which have been described as "the most dangerous
chemical known to man."

New use of PCBs has been banned in the USA since 1977.

ENGINEERING WEEK was told that. SATS is “yetrofilling all its transformers
containing PCBs with alternative materials in phases, as and when the money
becomes available."

An Escom spokesman similarly reported that all PCB-filled transformers and
capacitors are being phased out, with those in fire-hazard locations such as
power stations being replaced with "dry-type resin-encapsulated units."

The spokesman added that the commission started applying safety standards
regarding the handling and disposal of PCB waste in 1977 and was the first
organisation in this country to do so.

In addition, following investigations, 4 subcommittee of the power section

of the South African Institute for Electrical Engineers urges the avoidance
of direct human contact with PCBs and suggests that failed equipment containing
PCBs be disposed of rather than repaired.

In addition, it gives guidelines on the disposal of PCBs.

According to Neville Futter, technical manager of waste disposal specialist
Waste-Tech, there are no safe facilities for the incineration of PCBs in
South Africa. He said the recommended procedure by the Department of Envi-
ronmental and Water Affairs is to encapsulate the PCBs in steel containers
and then encase them in cells of 35 MPa concrete for disposal in Class 1
disposal sites lined with low permeable natural clay.

97



JPRS*SSA*85+108
5 November 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

WALL BUILT TO PREVENT COASTAL EROSION IN BEIRA
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 26 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] A routine project intended to strengthen and protect the beaches against
damages caused by the corrosive action of ocean water has been in progress
since June of last year in the city of Betra-involving 30 workers from that
city's civil engineering: construction and urban development directorate,

The damages, which normally are observed during periods of high tide, are
being repaired on a surface area of about 1,000 square meters next to the
area of the Grand Hotel-in this city.

The beach protection work,’ as the undertaking has been called, is supported
by an investment made by. the provincial government’ of Sofala whose monetary
value is about 1,500 contos and its excution’ is the responsibility of that
city's construction and urban development directorate,

The fortification work in the area consists of the construction of ithe wall
with a length of 200 meters, a width of 10 meters, and a height of 3 meters,
with a foundation of 1,5 meters,. A pipe is also being installed to channel
the rainwater and a base:of stones, crushed rock, and wood, with an inclined
plane, is also being put there,

The area along the Grand Hotel was the worst; here the land extends all the
way to Estoril and the pressure from maritime erosion’ was very heavy.

The work, which is scheduled to be completed:in December “of this year, accord~
ing to plan, was interrupted’last December and was started again in January
1985.

The reasons for this interruption were not given although there were reports
according to which there had been considerable delay in this project.

The project was classified as a small building activity, such as it is in
progress all the time in an effort to minimize’ the destructive effects of
high tides since an investment that would resolve this situation once and
for all was not made,

The construction of the above-mentioned wall follows the old fortifications
that had been destroyed by sea water, reaching the road until the asphalt had

38