<PAGE>

                                                                     EXHIBIT 3.4

                                     BYLAWS

                                       OF

                        AMERICA WEST HOLDINGS CORPORATION

                                DECEMBER 19, 1996

LAST UPDATED MARCH 27, 2002

<PAGE>

                                     BYLAWS
                                       OF
                        AMERICA WEST HOLDINGS CORPORATION

                       (as effective on December 19, 1996)

                                    ARTICLE I

                                    (OFFICES)

                  In addition to its registered office in the state of Delaware,
the Corporation shall have a general office at Maricopa County, Arizona, and
such other offices, either within or without the State of Delaware, at such
locations as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the
business of the Corporation may require.

                                   ARTICLE II

                                      SEAL

                  The Corporation shall have a seal, which shall have inscribed
thereon its name and year of incorporation and the words, "Corporate Seal
Delaware." The seal shall be kept in safe custody by the Secretary of the
Corporation. It shall be affixed by the Chairman of the Board, the President or
any Vice President, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, or the Treasurer
to any corporate instrument or document requiring it, by practice or by law, and
when so affixed, it may be attested by the signature of the officer so affixing
it.

                                   ARTICLE III

                            MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

                  SECTION 3.01 PLACE OF MEETINGS. All meetings of stockholders
of the Corporation shall be held at the general office of the Corporation in
Maricopa County, State of Arizona, unless otherwise specified in the notice
calling any such meeting.

                  SECTION 3.02 ANNUAL MEETINGS. (a) All annual meetings of
stockholders shall be held on the first Tuesday of May, if not a legal holiday,
and if a legal holiday, then on the next business day following, or at such
other time, date and place as shall be determined by the Board of Directors from
time to time.

                  (b)      At each annual meeting the stockholders shall, by
plurality of the votes cast, elect Directors and transact such other business as
may properly be brought before them.

                                       1.

<PAGE>

                  (c)      The Board of Directors may, in advance of any annual
or special meeting of the stockholders, adopt an agenda for such meeting,
adherence to which the Chairman of the Board may enforce.

                  SECTION 3.03 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the
stockholders of the Corporation, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise
prescribed herein or by statute, may be called by the Chairman of the Board and
shall be called by the Secretary at the written request, or by resolution
adopted by the affirmative vote, of a majority of the Board of Directors. Such
request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting.
Stockholders of the Corporation shall not be entitled to request a special
meeting of the stockholders.

                  SECTION 3.04 ACTION BY CONSENT IN LIEU OF A MEETING.
Stockholders may act by consent in lieu of a meeting in accordance with Delaware
Law only in the removal of directors in accordance with the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Corporation.

                  SECTION 3.05 NOTICE OF MEETINGS. (a) Notices of meetings of
stockholders shall be in writing and shall state the place (which may be within
or without the state of Delaware), date and hour of the meeting, and, in the
case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which a meeting is
called. No business other than that specified in the notice thereof shall be
transacted at any special meeting.

                  (b)      Such notice shall either be delivered personally or
mailed, postage prepaid, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting
not less than ten nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting. If
mailed, the notice shall be directed to the stockholder at his or her address as
it appears on the records of the Corporation. Personal delivery of any such
notice to any officer of a corporation or association or to any member of a
partnership shall constitute delivery of such notice to such corporation,
association or partnership.

                  (c)      Notice of any meeting of stockholders need not be
given to any stockholder if waived by such stockholder in writing, whether
before or after such meeting is held, or if such stockholder shall sign the
minutes or attend the meeting.

                  SECTION 3.06 STOCKHOLDER NOTICES. (a) At any meeting of the
stockholders, only such business shall be conducted, and only such proposals
shall be acted upon as shall have been brought before the meeting (i) by, or at
the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) by any stockholder who complies
with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 3.06 (or for election of
directors, with the notice provisions set forth in Section 4.03).

                  (b)      For a proposal to be properly brought before an
annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice
thereof in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder's notice must
be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of
the Corporation not less than 60 days nor

                                       2.

<PAGE>

more than 90 days prior to the scheduled annual meeting, regardless of any
postponements, deferrals or adjournments of that meeting to a later date;
provided, however, that if less than 70 days notice or prior public disclosure
of the date of the scheduled annual meeting is given or made, notice by the
stockholder to be timely must be so delivered or received no later than the
close of business on the tenth day following the earlier of the day on which
such notice of the date of the scheduled annual meeting was mailed or the day on
which such public disclosure was made.

                  (c)      A stockholder's notice to the Secretary shall in
addition set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before
the meeting (i) a brief description of the proposal desired to be brought before
the meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, (ii)
the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation's books, of the
stockholder proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares which
are beneficially owned by the stockholder on the date of such stockholder notice
and (iv) any material interest of the stockholder in such proposal.

                  SECTION 3.07 ADJOURNED MEETINGS. When a meeting is adjourned
to another time or place, unless otherwise provided by these Bylaws, notice need
not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are
announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned
meeting the stockholders may transact any business which might have been
transacted at the original meeting. If an adjournment is for more than 30 days
or if after an adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting,
a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to
vote at the meeting.

                  SECTION 3.08 QUORUM AND ADJOURNMENT. Except as otherwise
provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or by
these Bylaws, the presence, in person or by proxy, of the holders of a majority
of the aggregate voting power of the stock issued and outstanding, entitled to
vote thereat, and the voting rights of which are not suspended, shall be
requisite and shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all
meetings of stockholders. If, however, such majority shall not be present or
represented at any meeting of stockholders, the stockholders present, although
less than a quorum, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting.

                  SECTION 3.09 MAJORITY VOTE REQUIRED. When a quorum is present
at any meeting of stockholders, the affirmative vote of the majority of the
aggregate voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy
at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall constitute the
act of the stockholders, unless by express provision of law, the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws a different vote is required, in which case such
express provision shall govern and control.

                  SECTION 3.10 MANNER OF VOTING. At each meeting of
stockholders, each stockholder having the right to vote, and whose voting rights
have not been suspended shall be entitled to vote in person or by proxy. Proxies
need not be filed with the Secretary of the Corporation until the meeting is
called to order, but shall be filed before being voted. Each stockholder shall
be entitled to vote each share of stock having voting

                                       3.

<PAGE>

power registered in his or her name on the books of the Corporation on the
record date fixed, as provided in Section 6.04 of these Bylaws, for the
determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting. All elections of
directors shall be by written ballot.

                  SECTION 3.11 PROXIES. (a) At any meeting of stockholders, any
stockholder may be represented and vote by proxy or proxies appointed by a
written form of proxy. In the event that any form of proxy shall designate two
or more persons to act as proxies, a majority of such persons present at the
meeting or, if only one shall be present, then that one shall have and may
exercise all of the powers conferred by the form of proxy upon all of the
persons so designated unless the form of proxy shall otherwise provide.

                  (b)      The Board of Directors may, in advance of any annual
or special meeting of the stockholders, prescribe additional regulations
concerning the manner of execution and filing of proxies and the validation of
the same, which are intended to be voted at any such meeting.

                  SECTION 3.12 PRESIDING OFFICER AND SECRETARY. At each meeting
of stockholders, the Chairman of the Board shall preside and the Secretary shall
act as Secretary of the meeting.

                  SECTION 3.13 DISREGARD OF NOMINATION OR PROPOSAL. Except as
otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the
person presiding over any meeting of the stockholders shall have the power and
duty to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be
brought before the meeting was made in accordance with the procedures set forth
in this Article III or Section 4.03 and, if any proposed nomination or business
is not in compliance with such provisions, to declare that such defective
proposal or nomination shall be disregarded.

                  SECTION 3.14 INSPECTIONS OF ELECTIONS. The Board of Directors
by resolution shall appoint one or more inspectors of election (which may
include individuals who serve the Corporation in other capacities including,
without limitation, as officers, employees, agents or representatives of the
Corporation) to act at any meeting of the stockholders and make a written report
thereof. Such appointments shall be made in accordance with, and each inspector
shall have the duties prescribed by, Section 231 of the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL").

                                   ARTICLE IV

                                    DIRECTORS

                  SECTION 4.01 POWERS. The Board of Directors shall exercise all
of the power of the Corporation except such as are by law, or by the Certificate
of Incorporation of this Corporation or by these Bylaws conferred upon or
reserved to the stockholders of any class or classes.

                                       4.

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 4.02 NUMBER AND CLASSIFICATION. (a) The authorized
number of directors of the corporation shall be ten (10), until such number is
changed by an amendment to this Bylaw duly adopted by the Board of Directors or
by proper action of the Stockholders. Directors need not be stockholders unless
so required by the Certificate of Incorporation. Each director shall hold office
until the election and qualification of his or her successor or until his or her
resignation, disqualification, removal or death.

                  (b)      Subject to and at such time as provided in the
Certificate of Incorporation, the number of Directors shall be divided into
three classes, as nearly equal in number as may be, to serve staggered
three-year terms on the Board of Directors. In the case of any increase in the
number of Directors of the Corporation, the additional Directors shall be
classified so that all classes of Directors shall be increased equally as nearly
as may be, and the additional Directors shall be elected as provided herein by
the Directors or by the stockholders at an annual meeting. In case of any
decrease in the number of Directors of the Corporation, all classes of Directors
shall be decreased equally, as nearly as may be. Election of Directors shall be
conducted as provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, in these Bylaws, or
by applicable law.

                  (c)      At all times the composition of the Board of
Directors shall comply in all respects with the U.S. citizenship requirements of
the Act (as hereinafter defined).

                  SECTION 4.03 NOMINATIONS. Except as otherwise provided in the
Stockholders' Agreement, no person shall be elected to the Board of Directors of
this Corporation at an annual meeting of the stockholders, or at a special
meeting called for that purpose, unless a written nomination of such person to
the Board of Directors (i) by a stockholder of the Corporation who is entitled
to vote at such meeting shall be received by the Secretary of the Corporation at
least 90 days prior to such meeting or (ii) is made by or at the direction of
the Board of Directors.

                  SECTION 4.04 RESIGNATIONS. Any Director may resign at any time
by giving written notice to the Board of Directors or the Secretary. Such
resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice or at any
later time specified therein. Acceptance of such resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective.

                  SECTION 4.05 REMOVAL. Except as otherwise provided in the
Stockholders' Agreement, at any special meeting of the stockholders duly called
as provided herein, any Director may, by a vote of the holders of stock
representing a majority of the voting power of all the shares of stock issued
and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, be removed from office with or
without cause, and the successor of the Director so removed may be elected at
such meeting. Stockholders shall have the right to act by written consent only
in the removal of directors in accordance with the Stockholders' Agreement or
any other voting agreement by and between GPA Group plc and AmWest Partners,
L.P. and their successors and assigns, for so long as any such agreement remains
in force and effect. In the absence of such an election, any vacancy may be
filled as provided in Section 4.06.

                                       5.

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 4.06 VACANCIES. (a) Except as otherwise provided in
the Stockholders' Agreement, in case any vacancy shall occur on the Board of
Directors because of death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal,
an increase in the authorized number of Directors or any other cause, the Board
of Directors may, at any meeting, by resolution adopted by the affirmative vote
of a majority of the Directors then in office, though less than a quorum, elect
a Director to fill such vacancy.

                  (b)      If, as a result of a disaster or emergency (as
determined in good faith by the then remaining Directors), it becomes impossible
to ascertain whether or not vacancies exist on the Board of Directors, and a
person is or persons are elected by Directors, who in good faith believe
themselves to be a majority of the remaining Directors, to fill a vacancy or
vacancies that said remaining Directors in good faith believe exists, then the
acts of such person or persons who are so elected as Directors shall be valid
and binding upon the Corporation and the stockholders, although it may
subsequently develop that at the time of the election (i) there was in fact no
vacancy or vacancies existing on the Board of Directors, or (ii) the Directors
who so elected such person or persons did not in fact constitute a majority of
the remaining Directors.

                  SECTION 4.07 PRESIDING OFFICER AND SECRETARY. At each meeting
of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board shall preside, and the
Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting.

                  SECTION 4.08 ANNUAL MEETINGS. The Board of Directors shall
meet each year immediately following the annual meeting of stockholders, at the
place where such meeting of stockholders has been held, or at such other place
as shall be fixed by the person presiding over the meeting of the stockholders
at which such Directors are elected, for the purpose of organization, election
of officers, and consideration of such other business as the Board considers
relevant to the management of the Corporation.

                  SECTION 4.09 REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Board
of Directors shall be held on such dates and at such times and places, within or
without the state of Delaware, as shall from time to time be determined by the
Board of Directors; provided, however, that the Board of Directors shall hold at
least four regular meetings in each year. In the absence of any such
determination, such meetings shall be held at such times and places, within or
without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated by the Chairman of the
Board on not less than three calendar days' notice (specifying the time and
place of the meeting and the agenda therefor) to each Director, given verbally
or in writing either personally, by telephone, by facsimile transmission, by
mail, by telegram or by telex.

                  SECTION 4.10 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board
of Directors shall be held at the call of the Chairman of the Board at such
times and places, within or without the State of Delaware, as he or she shall
designate, on not less than three calendar days' notice (specifying the time and
place of the meeting and the agenda therefor) to each Director, given verbally
or in writing either personally, by telephone, by

                                       6.

<PAGE>

facsimile transmission, by mail, by telegram or by telex. Special meetings shall
be called by the Secretary on like notice at the written request of a majority
of the Directors.

                  SECTION 4.11 QUORUM AND POWERS OF A MAJORITY. At all meetings
of the Board of Directors and of each committee thereof, a majority of the
members shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the members present at any
meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors
or such committee, unless by express provision of law, of the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, a different vote is required, in which case such
express provision shall govern and control. In the absence of a quorum, a
majority of the members present at any meeting may, without notice other than
announcement at the meeting, adjourn such meeting from time to time until a
quorum is present.

                  SECTION 4.12 WAIVER OF NOTICE. Notice of any meeting of the
Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, need not be given to any member if
waived by him or her in writing, whether before or after such meeting is held,
or if he or she shall sign the minutes or attend the meeting.

                  SECTION 4.13 MANNER OF ACTING. (a) Members of the Board of
Directors, or any committee thereof, may participate in any meeting of the Board
of Directors or such committee by means of conference telephone or similar
communications equipment by means of which all persons participating therein can
hear each other, and participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute
presence in person at such meeting.

                  (b)      Any action required or permitted to be taken at any
meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may be taken without
a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or such committee, as the
case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed
with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or such committee.

                  SECTION 4.14 COMPENSATION. (a) The Board of Directors, by a
resolution or resolutions may fix, and from time to time change, the
compensation of Directors.

                  (b)      Each Director shall be entitled to reimbursement from
the Corporation for his or her reasonable expenses incurred in attending
meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof.

                  (c)      Nothing contained in these Bylaws shall be construed
to preclude any Director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and
from receiving compensation from the Corporation for service rendered to it in
such other capacity.

                  SECTION 4.15 COMMITTEES. The Board of Directors may, by
resolution or resolutions adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the
Board of Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist
of two or more Directors, which to the extent provided in said resolution or
resolutions shall have and may exercise

                                       7.

<PAGE>

the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the
business and affairs of the Corporation; provided, however, that no such
committee shall have the power to (i) elect Directors, (ii) alter, amend, or
repeal these Bylaws or any resolution of the Board relating to such committee,
(iii) appoint any member of such committee, (iv) declare any dividend or make
any other distribution to the stockholders of the Corporation or (v) take any
other actions which may lawfully be taken only by the full Board of Directors.
Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined
from time to time by resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors.

                  SECTION 4.16 COMMITTEE PROCEDURE. (a) Except as otherwise
provided by these Bylaws, each committee shall adopt its own rules governing the
time, place and method of holding its meetings and the conduct of its
proceedings and shall meet as provided by such rules or by resolution of the
Board of Directors. Unless otherwise provided by these Bylaws or any such rules
or resolutions, notice of the time and place of each meeting of a committee
shall be given to each member of such committee as provided in Section 4.10 of
the Bylaws with respect to notices of special meetings of the Board of
Directors.

                  (b)      Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its
proceedings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.

                  (c)      Any member of any committee, other than a member
thereof serving ex-officio, may be removed from such committee either with or
without cause, at any time, by resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of a
majority of the Board of Directors at any meeting thereof. Any vacancy in any
committee shall be filled by the Board of Directors in the manner prescribed by
these Bylaws for the original appointment of the members of such committee.

                  SECTION 4.17 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. There shall be established
an Executive Committee consisting of three (3) members. The Chairman of the
Board shall be a member and shall act as Chairman of the Executive Committee. In
addition, the Board of Directors shall elect from its members the remaining
members of the Executive Committee.

                  The Executive Committee shall, to the full extent of the DGCL,
have and may exercise in the intervals between meetings of the Board of
Directors, all the powers of the whole Board of Directors in its management of
the affairs and business of the Corporation, except the power or authority to:

                           (a)      amend the Certificate of Incorporation;

                           (b)      adopt any agreement of merger or
                  consolidation;

                           (c)      recommend to stockholders the sale, lease or
                  exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation's
                  property and assets;

                                       8.

<PAGE>

                           (d)      recommend to stockholders a dissolution of
                  the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution;

                           (e)      amend these Bylaws;

                           (f)      appoint or remove a member of any committee
                  established by the Board of Directors, fill vacancies on the
                  Board of Directors, remove an officer elected by the Board of
                  Directors, or raise or lower any officer's salary; or

                           (g)      declare dividends or authorize the issuance
                  of stock.

                  Meetings of the Executive Committee may be called at any time
by the Chairman of the Board and shall be held at the general office of the
Corporation or at such other place, within or without the State of Delaware, as
the Chairman of the Board may designate, on not less than one day's notice to
each member of the Executive Committee, given verbally or in writing either
personally, by telephone, by facsimile transmission, by mail, by telegram or
telex.

                                    ARTICLE V

                                    OFFICERS

                  SECTION 5.01 NUMBER. (a) The officers of the corporation shall
include a Chief Executive Officer, a President, one or more Vice Presidents
(including one or more Executive Vice Presidents and one or more Senior Vice
Presidents if deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors), a Secretary and a
Treasurer. The Board of Directors shall also elect a Chairman of the Board
pursuant to Section 5.02. The Board of Directors may also elect such other
officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time deem appropriate or
necessary. Except for the Chairman of the Board, none of the officers of the
Corporation need be a Director of the Corporation. Any two or more offices may
be held by the same person, but no officer shall execute, acknowledge, or verify
any instrument in more than one capacity.

                  (b)      The Chairman of the Board shall be the Chief
Executive Officer unless the Board of Directors, by resolution adopted by the
affirmative vote of not less than a majority of the Directors then in office,
designates the President or some other person as Chief Executive Officer. The
President shall be the Chief Operating Officer. If at any time the offices of
the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer shall not be filled, the
President shall also be the Chief Executive Officer.

                  (c)      The Board of Directors may delegate to the Chief
Executive Officer the power to appoint one or more employees of the corporation
as divisional or departmental vice presidents and fix the duties of such
appointees. However, no such divisional or departmental vice president shall be
considered as an officer of the

                                       9.

<PAGE>

Corporation, the officers of the Corporation being limited to those officers
elected by the Board of Directors.

                  SECTION 5.02 ELECTION OF OFFICERS, QUALIFICATION AND TERM. The
officers of the Corporation to be elected by the Board of Directors shall be
elected annually at the first meeting of the Board of Directors held after each
annual meeting of the stockholders. Each such officer shall hold office for one
year and until a successor shall have been duly elected and shall qualify in his
or her stead unless the Board of Directors shall have provided by contract or
otherwise in any particular case, or until such officer shall have resigned and
his or her resignation shall have become effective, or until such officer shall
have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided. Notwithstanding anything
in this Section 5.02 to the contrary, the Chairman of the Board may be elected
only by the vote of a majority of the Directors then in office (who may include
the Director who is or is to be the Chairman of the Board).

                  SECTION 5.03 REMOVAL. Except as otherwise expressly provided
in a contract duly authorized by the Board of Directors, any officer elected by
the Board of Directors may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time
by resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of
Directors at any meeting thereof; provided, however, that the Chairman of the
Board may be removed by the vote of a majority of the Directors then in office
(excluding the Director who is the Chairman of the Board).

                  SECTION 5.04 RESIGNATIONS. Any officer of the Corporation may
resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board of Directors or the
Chairman of the Board. Such resignation shall take effect at the date of the
receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein and, unless
otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective.

                  SECTION 5.05 VACANCIES. A vacancy in any office because of
death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause may be filled
for the unexpired portion of the term by election by the Board of Directors at
any meeting thereof.

                  SECTION 5.06 SALARIES. The salaries of all officers of the
Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors from time to time, and no
officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that
he is also a Director of the Corporation.

                  SECTION 5.07 THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. (a) The Chairman of
the Board shall have the powers and duties customarily and usually associated
with the office of the Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board shall
preside at meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. In the
event of the Chairman of the Board's absence or disability and the absence or
disability of the President, the Chairman of the Board shall have the power to
designate any Director to preside at any or all meetings of the Board of
Directors, and the power to designate any Director or any Vice President to
preside at any or all meetings of the stockholders.

                                       10.

<PAGE>

                  (b)      If at any time the office of President shall not be
filled, or in the event of the disability of the President, the Chairman of the
Board (if one shall be elected) shall have the duties and powers of the
President. The Chairman of the Board shall have such other powers and perform
such greater or lesser duties as may be delegated to him or her from time to
time by the Board of Directors.

                  SECTION 5.08 THE PRESIDENT. In the event of the disability of
the Chairman of the Board, the President shall have the powers and duties of the
Chairman of the Board. The President shall serve as chief operating officer and
shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be delegated
to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the
Board.

                  SECTION 5.09 THE VICE PRESIDENTS. Each Vice President shall
have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to
him or her by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the
President.

                  SECTION 5.10 THE SECRETARY AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY. (a)
The Secretary shall attend meetings of the Board of Directors and meetings of
the stockholders and record all votes and minutes of all such proceedings in a
book kept for such purpose and shall perform like duties for the committees of
Directors as provided for in these Bylaws when required. The Secretary shall
give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of stockholders and of the
Board of Directors (except in case of meetings called by the Chairman of the
Board in accordance with Sections 4.09 or 4.10). He or she shall have charge of
the stock ledger (unless responsibility for maintaining the stock ledger is
delegated to a transfer agent by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section
6.06) and such other books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct. He
or she shall have all such further powers and duties as generally are incident
to the position of Secretary or as may from time to time be assigned to him or
her by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Board.

                  (b)      Each Assistant Secretary shall have such powers and
perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the
Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the Secretary. In case of the
absence or disability of the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary designated by
the Secretary (or, in the absence of such designation, the senior Assistant
Secretary) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary.

                  SECTION 5.11 THE TREASURER AND THE ASSISTANT TREASURER. (a)
The Treasurer shall have custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall
keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging
to the Corporation and shall deposit moneys and other valuable effects in the
name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be
designated by the Board of Directors. He or she may endorse all commercial
documents requiring endorsements for or on behalf of the Corporation and may
sign all receipts and vouchers for payments made to the Corporation.

                                       11.

<PAGE>

                  (b)      The Treasurer shall disburse funds of the Corporation
as may from time to time be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper
vouchers for such disbursements, and render to the Board of Directors, the
Chairman of the Board and President, whenever they may require it, an account of
all transactions undertaken by him or her as Treasurer and of the financial
condition of the Corporation.

                  (c)      The Treasurer shall also maintain adequate records of
all assets, liabilities and transactions of the corporation and shall see that
adequate audits thereof are currently and regularly made. The Treasurer shall
have such other powers and perform such other duties that generally are incident
to the position of Treasurer or as may from time to time be assigned to him or
her by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the President.

                  (d)      Each Assistant Treasurer shall have such powers and
perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the
Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the President or the Treasurer.
In case of the absence or disability of the Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurer
designated by the Treasurer (or, in the absence of such designation, the senior
Assistant Treasurer) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the
Treasurer.

                  SECTION 5.12 TREASURER'S BOND. If required by the Board of
Directors, the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer shall give the Corporation a
bond in such form and with such surety or sureties as are satisfactory to the
Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of office and for
the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his or her death, resignation,
retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and
other property of whatever kind in his or her possession or under his or her
control belonging to the Corporation.

                  SECTION 5.13 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. The Chief Executive
Officer shall have, subject to the supervision, direction and control of the
Board of Directors, the general powers and duties of supervision, direction and
management of the affairs and business of the Corporation usually vested in the
chief executive officer of a Corporation, including, without limitation, all
powers necessary to direct and control the organizational and reporting
relationships within the Corporation. If at any time the office of Chairman of
the Board shall not be filled, the Chief Executive Officer shall have the powers
and duties of the Chairman of the Board.

                  SECTION 5.14 CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER. The Chief Operating
Officer shall, subject to the supervision, direction and control of the Chief
Executive Officer and the Board of Directors, manage the day-to-day operations
of the Corporation and, in general, shall assist the Chief Executive Officer.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                                      STOCK

                                       12.

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 6.01 CERTIFICATES. Certificates or shares of the stock
of the Corporation shall be issued under the seal of the Corporation, or
facsimile thereof, and shall be numbered and shall be entered in the books of
the Corporation as they are issued. Each certificate shall bear a serial number,
shall exhibit the holder's name and the number of shares evidenced thereby, and
shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board or a Vice Chairman, if any, or the
Chief Executive Officer or the President or any Vice President and the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer. Any or all
of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer,
transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been
placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent
or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the
Corporation with the same effect as if such person or entity were such officer,
transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

                  SECTION 6.02 TRANSFERS. Transfers of stock of the Corporation
shall be made on the books of the Corporation only upon surrender to the
Corporation of a certificate for the shares duly endorsed or accompanied by
proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer; provided,
however, such succession, assignment, or transfer is not prohibited by the
Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, applicable law, or contract.
Thereupon, the Corporation shall issue a new certificate to the person entitled
thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.

                  SECTION 6.03 LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES. Any
person claiming a certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed shall
make an affidavit or an affirmation of that fact, and shall give the Corporation
a bond of indemnity in satisfactory form and with one or more satisfactory
sureties, whereupon a new certificate may be issued of the same tenor and for
the same number of shares as the one alleged to be lost or destroyed.

                  SECTION 6.04 RECORD DATE. (a) In order that the Corporation
may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting
of the stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to
corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of
any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to
exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or
for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors shall fix, in
advance, a record date, which shall not be more than 60 nor less than ten days
before the date of such meeting, nor more than 60 days prior to any other
action.

                  (b)      If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors,
(i) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to
vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day
next preceding the date on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived by all
stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, at the close of business on the
day next preceding the day on which the meeting was held and (ii) the record
date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of
business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution
relating thereto.

                                       13.

<PAGE>

                  (c)      A determination of stockholders of record entitled to
notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment
of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new
record date for the adjourned meeting.

                  SECTION 6.05 REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS. The Corporation shall be
entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as
the owner of shares as the person entitled to exercise the rights referred to in
Section 6.04 and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to
or interest in any such shares on the part of any other person, whether or not
it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise expressly
provided by the laws of the State of Delaware.

                  SECTION 6.06 ADDITIONAL POWERS OF THE BOARD. (a) In addition
to those powers set forth in Section 4.01, the Board of Directors shall have
power and authority to make all such rules and regulations as it shall deem
expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates for
shares of stock of the Corporation.

                  (b)      The Board of Directors may appoint and remove
transfer agents and registrars of transfers, and may require all stock
certificates to bear the signature of any such transfer agent and/or any such
registrar of transfers.

                  (c)      The Board of Directors shall have power and authority
to create and issue (whether or not in connection with the issue and sale of any
stock or other securities of the Corporation) warrants, rights or options
entitling the holders thereof to purchase from the Corporation any shares of any
class or classes or any other securities of the Corporation for such
consideration and to such persons, firms or corporations as the Board of
Directors, in its sole discretion, may determine, setting aside from the
authorized but unissued stock of the Corporation the requisite number of shares
for issuance upon the exercise of such warrants, rights or options. Such
warrants, rights or options shall be evidenced by such instrument or instruments
as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The terms upon which, the time
or times (which may be limited or unlimited in duration) at or within which, and
the price or prices at which any such shares or other securities may be
purchased from the Corporation upon the exercise of any such warrant, right or
option shall be such as shall be fixed and stated in a resolution or resolutions
of the Board of Directors providing for the creation and issue of such warrants,
rights or options.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                    LIMITATIONS OF OWNERSHIP BY NON-CITIZENS

                  SECTION 7.01 DEFINITIONS. (a) "Act" shall mean Subtitle VII of
Title 49 of the United States Code, as amended, or as the same may be from time
to time amended.

                                       14.

<PAGE>

                  (b)      "Beneficial Ownership," "Beneficially Owned" or
"Owned Beneficially" refers to beneficial membership as defined in Rule 13d-3
(without regard to the 60-day provision in paragraph (d)(1)(i) thereof) under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

                  (c)      "Foreign Stock Record" shall have the meaning set
forth Section 7.03.

                  (d)      "Non-Citizen" shall mean any person or entity who is
not a "citizen of the United States" (as defined in Section 40102 of the Act),
including any agent, trustee or representative of a Non-Citizen.

                  (e)      "Own or Control" or "Owned or Controlled" shall mean
(i) ownership of record, (ii) beneficial ownership or (iii) the power to direct,
by agreement, agency or in any other manner, the voting of Stock. Any
determination by the Board of Directors as to whether Stock is Owned or
Controlled by a Non-Citizen shall be final.

                  (f)      "Permitted Percentage" shall mean 25% of the voting
power of the Stock.

                  (g)      "Stock" shall mean the outstanding capital stock of
the Corporation entitled to vote; provided, however, that for the purpose of
determining the voting power of Stock that shall at any time constitute the
Permitted Percentage, the voting power of Stock outstanding shall not be
adjusted downward solely because shares of Stock may not be entitled to vote by
reason of any provision of this Article VII.

                  SECTION 7.02 POLICY. It is the policy of the Corporation that,
consistent with the requirements of the Act, Non-Citizens shall not Own or
Control more than the Permitted Percentage and, if Non-Citizens nonetheless at
any time Own or Control more than the Permitted Percentage, the voting rights of
the Stock in excess of the Permitted Percentage shall be automatically suspended
in accordance with Sections 7.03 and 7.04 below.

                  SECTION 7.03 FOREIGN STOCK RECORD. The Corporation or any
transfer agent designated by it shall maintain a separate stock record (the
"Foreign Stock Record") in which shall be registered Stock known to the
corporation to be Owned or Controlled by Non-Citizens. The Foreign Stock Record
shall include (i) the name and nationality of each such Non-Citizen, (ii) the
number of shares of Stock Owned or Controlled by such Non-Citizen and (iii) the
date of registration of such shares in the Foreign Stock Record. In no event
shall shares in excess of the Permitted Percentage be entered on the Foreign
Stock Record. In the event that the Corporation shall determine that Stock
registered on the Foreign Stock Record exceeds the Permitted Percentage,
sufficient shares shall be removed from the Foreign Stock Record so that the
number of shares entered therein does not exceed the Permitted Percentage. Stock
shall be removed from the Foreign Stock Record in reverse chronological order
based upon the date of registration therein.

                                       15.

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 7.04 SUSPENSION OF VOTING RIGHTS. If at any time the
number of shares of Stock known to the Corporation to be Owned or Controlled by
Non-Citizens exceeds the Permitted Percentage, the voting rights of Stock Owned
or Controlled by Non-Citizens and not registered on the Foreign Stock Record at
the time of any vote or action of the stockholders of the Corporation shall,
without further action by the Corporation, be suspended. Such suspension of
voting rights shall automatically terminate upon the earlier of the (i) transfer
of such shares to a person or entity who is not a Non-Citizen, or (ii)
registration of such shares on the Foreign Stock Record, subject to the last two
sentences of Section 7.03.

                  SECTION 7.05 BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP INQUIRY. (a) The Corporation
may by notice in writing (which may be included in the form of proxy or ballot
distributed to stockholders in connection with the annual meeting or any special
meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, or otherwise) require a person
that is a holder of record of Stock or that the Corporation knows to have, or
has reasonable cause to believe has, Beneficial Ownership of Stock to certify in
such manner as the Corporation shall deem appropriate (including by way of
execution of any form of proxy or ballot of such person) that, to the knowledge
of such person:

                  (i)      all Stock as to which such person has record
         ownership or Beneficial Ownership is Owned and Controlled only by
         Citizens of the United States; or

                  (ii)     the number and class or series of Stock owned of
         record or Beneficially Owned by such person that is Owned or Controlled
         by Non-Citizens is as set forth in such certificate.

                  (b)      With respect to any Stock identified in response to
clause (a)(ii) above, the Corporation may require such person to provide such
further information as the Corporation may reasonably require in order to
implement the provisions of this Article VII.

                  (c)      For purposes of applying the provisions of this
Article VII with respect to any Stock, in the event of the failure of any person
to provide the certificate or other information to which the Corporation is
entitled pursuant to this Section 7.05, the Corporation shall presume that the
Stock in question is Owned or Controlled by Non-Citizens.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

                  SECTION 8.01 PLACE AND INSPECTION OF BOOKS. (a) The books of
the Corporation other than such books as are required by law to be kept within
the State of Delaware shall be kept in the State of Arizona or at such place or
places either within or without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors
may from time to time determine.

                                       16.

<PAGE>

                  (b)      At least ten days before each meeting of
stockholders, the officer in charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall
prepare a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting,
arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and
the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall
be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the
meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior
to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be
held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not
specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be
produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time
thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

                  (c)      The Board of Directors shall determine from time to
time whether and, if allowed, when and under what conditions and regulations the
accounts and books of the Corporation (except such as may be by law specifically
open to inspection or as otherwise provided by these Bylaws) or any of them
shall be open to the inspection of the stockholders and the stockholders' rights
in respect thereof.

                  SECTION 8.02 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES
AND AGENTS. (a) The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party
or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by
reason of the fact that such person is or was a Director or officer of the
Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a
director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise,
against expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid
or owed in settlement actually and reasonably paid or incurred by him or her or
rendered or levied against him or her in connection with such action, suit or
proceeding if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; and
with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to
believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or
proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo
contendere or its equivalent shall not, in itself, create a presumption that the
person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and,
with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to
believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.

                  (b)      The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or
is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a
judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a
Director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of
the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and reasonably

                                       17.

<PAGE>

paid or incurred by him or her in connection with the defense or settlement of
such action or suit if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation; provided, however, that no indemnification shall be made in respect
to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged
to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of
Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine
upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all
circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to
indemnity for such expenses which the court shall deem proper.

                  (c)      The Corporation shall, at the discretion of the Board
of Directors, indemnify all employees and agents of the Corporation (other than
Directors and officers) to the extent that Directors and officers shall be
indemnified pursuant to subsections (a) and (b).

                  (d)      To the extent that a person who may be entitled to
indemnification by the Corporation under this section is or has been successful
on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred
to in subsections (a) and (b), or in defense of any claim, issue or matter
therein, he or she shall be indemnified against expenses, including attorney's
fees, actually and reasonably paid or incurred by him or her in connection
therewith.

                  (e)      Any indemnification under subsections (a), (b), or
(c) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case
upon a determination that indemnification of the Director, officer, employee or
agent is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable
standard of conduct set forth in subsection (a) or (b). Such determination shall
be made (i) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting
of Directors who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, (ii) if
such a quorum is not obtainable, or, even if obtainable, a quorum of
disinterested Directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written
opinion, (iii) by the stockholders, or (iv) in any case in which applicable law
makes court approval a prerequisite to indemnification, by the court in which
such action, suit or proceeding was brought or another court of competent
jurisdiction.

                  (f)      Expenses, including attorneys' fees, incurred by an
officer or Director in defending a civil, criminal, administrative, or
investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in
advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt
of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Director or officer to repay such
amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he or she is not entitled to be
indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this section. Such expenses,
including attorneys' fees, incurred by other employees and agents shall be so
paid upon terms and conditions, if any, as the Board of Directors deems
appropriate.

                  (g)      The indemnification and advancement of expenses
provided by, or granted pursuant to, the other subsections of this section shall
not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking
indemnification or advancement of expenses may

                                       18.

<PAGE>

be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of the stockholders or
disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in an official capacity
and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.

                  (h)      The provisions of this section shall continue as to a
person who has ceased to be a Director, officer, employee or agent and shall
inure to the benefit of the estate, executors, administrators, spouse, heirs,
legatees or devisees of a person entitled to indemnification hereunder and the
term "person," where used in the section shall include the estate, executors,
administrators, spouse, heirs, legatees or devisees of such person.

                  (i)      For the purposes of this Section 8.02, (i) "employee
benefit plan" and "fiduciary" shall be deemed to include, but not be limited to,
the meanings set forth, respectively, in Section 3(3) and 21(A) of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and references to the
judgments, fines and amounts paid or owed in settlement or rendered or levied
shall be deemed to encompass and include excise taxes required to be paid
pursuant to applicable law in respect of any transaction involving an employee
benefit plan, (ii) references to the Corporation shall be deemed to include any
predecessor corporation and any constituent corporation absorbed in a merger,
consolidation or other reorganization of or by the Corporation which, if its
separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to
indemnify its directors, officers, employees, agents or fiduciaries so that any
person who was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of such
predecessor or constituent corporation, or served at the request of such
predecessor or constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent
or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee
benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the
provisions of this Section 8.02 with respect to the Corporation as such person
would have with respect to such predecessor or constituent corporation if its
separate existence had continued, and (iii) all other terms shall be deemed to
have the meanings for such terms as set forth in Section 145 of the DGCL.

                  SECTION 8.03 DIVIDENDS. (a) Dividends may be declared at the
discretion of the Board of Directors at any meeting thereof.

                  (b)      Dividends may be paid to stockholders in cash or,
when the Directors shall so determine, in stock. A Director shall be fully
protected in relying in good faith upon the books of account of the Corporation
or statements prepared by any of its officers as to the value and amount of the
assets, liabilities or net profits of the Corporation, or any other facts
pertinent to the existence and amount of surplus or other funds from which
dividends might properly be declared.

                  (c)      Before payment of any dividend or any distribution of
profits, there may be set aside out of the said surplus of the Corporation such
sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its discretion
thinks proper as a reserve fund to meet contingencies, or for equalizing
dividends, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall think
conducive to the interests of the Corporation and the Board of Directors may
abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.

                                       19.

<PAGE>

                  SECTION 8.04 EXECUTION OF DEEDS, CONTRACTS, AND OTHER
AGREEMENTS AND INSTRUMENTS. Subject to the specific directions of the Board of
Directors, all deeds, mortgages and bonds entered into by the Corporation and
all other written contracts and agreements to which the Corporation shall be a
party shall be executed in its name by the Chairman of the Board, the President,
or a Vice President, or such other person or persons as may be authorized by any
such officer.

                  SECTION 8.05 CHECKS. All checks, drafts, acceptances, notes
and other orders, demands or instruments in respect to the payment of money may
be signed or endorsed on behalf of the Corporation by such officer or officers
or by such agent or agents as the Board of Directors may from time to time
designate.

                  SECTION 8.06 VOTING SHARES IN OTHER CORPORATIONS. The Chairman
of the Board of the Corporation (or any other Director designated by a majority
of the Board of Directors) may vote any and all shares held by the Corporation
in any other corporation.

                  SECTION 8.07 FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Corporation
shall correspond with the calendar year.

                  SECTION 8.08 GENDER/NUMBER. As used in these Bylaws, the
masculine, feminine or neuter gender, and the singular or plural number, shall
each include the others whenever the context so indicates.

                  SECTION 8.09 PARAGRAPH TITLES. The titles of the paragraphs
have been inserted as a matter of reference only and shall not control or affect
the meaning or construction of any of the terms and provisions hereof.

                  SECTION 8.10 AMENDMENT. These Bylaws may be altered, amended
or repealed by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting
power of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of
stockholders or by resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than a
majority of the Directors in office at any annual or regular meeting of the
Board of Directors or at any special meeting of the Board of Directors if notice
of the proposed alteration, amendment or repeal be contained in the notice of
such special meeting.

                  SECTION 8.11 CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary contained herein, if any provision contained in these
Bylaws is inconsistent with or conflicts with a provision of the Certificate of
Incorporation, such provision of these Bylaws shall be superseded by the
inconsistent provision in the Certificate of Incorporation to the extent
necessary to give effect to such provision in the Certificate of Incorporation.

                                       20.

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                    PAGE
<S>                                                                                                                 <C>
Article I Offices.................................................................................................    1

Article II Seal...................................................................................................    1

Article III Meetings of Stockholders..............................................................................    1

Section 3.01 Place of Meetings....................................................................................    1

Section 3.02 Annual Meetings......................................................................................    1

Section 3.03 Special Meetings.....................................................................................    2

Section 3.04 Action by Consent in Lieu of a Meeting...............................................................    2

Section 3.05 Notice of Meetings...................................................................................    2

Section 3.06 Stockholder Notices..................................................................................    2

Section 3.07 Adjourned Meetings...................................................................................    3

Section 3.08 Quorum and Adjournment...............................................................................    3

Section 3.09 Majority Vote Required...............................................................................    3

Section 3.10 Manner of Voting.....................................................................................    3

Section 3.11 Proxies..............................................................................................    4

Section 3.12 Presiding Officer and Secretary......................................................................    4

Section 3.13 Disregard of Nomination or Proposal..................................................................    4

Section 3.14 Inspections of Elections.............................................................................    4

Article IV Directors..............................................................................................    4

Section 4.01 Powers...............................................................................................    4

Section 4.02 Number and Classification............................................................................    5

Section 4.03 Nominations..........................................................................................    5

Section 4.04 Resignations.........................................................................................    5

Section 4.05 Removal..............................................................................................    5

Section 4.06 Vacancies............................................................................................    6

Section 4.07 Presiding Officer and Secretary......................................................................    6

Section 4.08 Annual Meetings......................................................................................    6

Section 4.09 Regular Meetings.....................................................................................    6

Section 4.10 Special Meetings.....................................................................................    6

Section 4.11 Quorum and Powers of a Majority......................................................................    7

Section 4.12 Waiver of Notice.....................................................................................    7

Section 4.13 Manner of Acting.....................................................................................    7

Section 4.14 Compensation.........................................................................................    7

Section 4.15 Committees...........................................................................................    7

Section 4.16 Committee Procedure..................................................................................    8
</TABLE>

                                       i.

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                   (CONTINUED)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                    PAGE
<S>                                                                                                                 <C>
Section 4.17 Executive Committee..................................................................................    8

Article V Officers................................................................................................    9

Section 5.01 Number...............................................................................................    9

Section 5.02 Election of Officers, Qualification and Term.........................................................   10

Section 5.03 Removal..............................................................................................   10

Section 5.04 Resignations.........................................................................................   10

Section 5.05 Vacancies............................................................................................   10

Section 5.06 Salaries.............................................................................................   10

Section 5.07 The Chairman of the Board............................................................................   10

Section 5.08 The President........................................................................................   11

Section 5.09 The Vice Presidents..................................................................................   11

Section 5.10 The Secretary and the Assistant Secretary............................................................   11

Section 5.11 The Treasurer and the Assistant Treasurer............................................................   11

Section 5.12 Treasurer's Bond.....................................................................................   12

Section 5.13 Chief Executive Officer..............................................................................   12

Section 5.14 Chief Operating Officer..............................................................................   12

Article VI Stock..................................................................................................   12

Section 6.01 Certificates.........................................................................................   13

Section 6.02 Transfers............................................................................................   13

Section 6.03 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates...............................................................   13

Section 6.04 Record Date..........................................................................................   13

Section 6.05 Registered Stockholders..............................................................................   14

Section 6.06 Additional Powers of the Board.......................................................................   14

Article VII Limitations of Ownership by Non-Citizens..............................................................   14

Section 7.01 Definitions..........................................................................................   14

Section 7.02 Policy...............................................................................................   15

Section 7.03 Foreign Stock Record.................................................................................   15

Section 7.04 Suspension of Voting Rights..........................................................................   16

Section 7.05 Beneficial Ownership Inquiry.........................................................................   16

Article VIII Miscellaneous........................................................................................   16

Section 8.01 Place and Inspection of Books........................................................................   16

Section 8.02 Indemnification of Directors, Officers, Employees and Agents.........................................   17

Section 8.03 Dividends............................................................................................   19

Section 8.04 Execution of Deeds, Contracts, and Other Agreements and Instruments..................................   20
</TABLE>

                                       ii.

<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                   (CONTINUED)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                    PAGE
<S>                                                                                                                 <C>
Section 8.05 Checks...............................................................................................   20

Section 8.06 Voting Shares in Other Corporations..................................................................   20

Section 8.07 Fiscal Year..........................................................................................   20

Section 8.08 Gender/Number........................................................................................   20

Section 8.09 Paragraph Titles.....................................................................................   20

Section 8.10 Amendment............................................................................................   20

Section 8.11 Certificate of Incorporation.........................................................................   20
</TABLE>

                                      iii.

<PAGE>

An extra section break has been inserted above this paragraph. Do not delete
this section break if you plan to add text after the Table of
Contents/Authorities. Deleting this break will cause Table of
Contents/Authorities headers and footers to appear on any pages following the
Table of Contents/Authorities.