In March 1975 he became a provincial commander in charge of supplies in
Sofala Province.

It was while in Beira that he met Andre Matadi Matsangaissa, who later became
the first MNR president.

"He was in an engineering unit. We got on very well and we made friends
very quickly. We also agreed there were so many things that were going
wrong.

"To begin with there was the constant abuse of power by the new governor of
the province, Tome Eduardo...."

By 1977 a totally disillusioned Dhlakama had crossed the border between
Mozambique and Rhodesia to throw in his lot with MNR.

In Rhodesia he met Orlando Cristina, who had started the Free Mozambique
Radio Station, and other MNR members.

Soon Dhlakama was second~in-command of the new organization's first armed
group and, when Matsangaissa, was killed in 1979, Dhlakama became president
of MNR.

Married with three children he seems to be between 30 and 40 years old, but
carefully avoids any talks about his age. Some say he is between 30 and 33
but his age seems to be mystery even inside his organization.

When he is speaking in his serious manner one could say he is 40 but when he
smiles his faces seems to become younger showing a man of about 30.

However, the villagers who live in the MNR-controlled areas and the organiza-
tion's fighting men refer to him as "the old man."

Dhlakama in the flesh appears to be the opposite of the image that has been
generated outside Mozambique.

He is articulate, he thinks before he speaks, his objectives appear clear
and his beliefs seem to be genuine.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1846

55



At the great mass meeting, where he was also heard by the diplomatic repre-
sentatives of the countries represented in Bissau, Joao Bernardo Vieira
declared that the attitude of Paulo Correia and his henchmen was one of cowar-
dice, because, he said, "there are institutions today through which everyone
can voice his dissatisfaction and disagreement with the actions of the govern-
ment." And despite the shots which only days before had taken the life of
Joao da Silva, Vieira declared: "We do not have mass graves, we do not have
arbitrary arrests, there is no repression, the institutions are functioning
democratically, and there is freedom of speech--something that didn't exist
before."

Personal Ambitions and Corruption?

But the deaths under unusual circumstances continued in the prisons of Guinea-
Bissau--and the world began to pay attention to what the Guinean authorities
call "practicing freedom." News is scarce, messages are transmitted timidly,
but they do appear: at least three conspirators have died in circumstances
that lead one to suspect that Nino Vieira would rather see his opponents
liquidated than discuss with them a different way of governing the country.

Let us look at the list, which there is every reason to believe is not com-
plete. It is feared that two additional names may have to be added:

Andre Gomes, another of the prisoners, reportedly died in his cell; the offi-
cial version says he used electrical wire to hang himself. Lay Seck, for his
Part, succumbed to ‘unspecified heart problems. Lastly, Agostinho Gomes fell.
victim to "a profound anemia, accompanied by avitaminosis," according to the
medical report released by the authorities.

The Guinean president, meanwhile, seems calm and confident. He attributes the
coup attempt to ties on the part of the conspirators with Luis Cabral--whom
he himself deposed in 1980--or to personal ambitions on the part of Paulo
Correia, attempting thereby to remove himself from a broader context of dis-
content which he interprets as a desperate desire for a return to corruption.

But it is President Nino Vieira himself who maintains excellent relations with
various entities, especially in Portugal: relations which even from the most
charitable point of view do not square with the image of irreproachability
that he seeks to attribute to his administration.

His frequent: trips to the North, where Maj Valentim Loureiro is his tradi-
tional host (and consul of Guinea-Bissau in Porto)--trips that include private
visits to the wine cellars of Vinho do Porto and to the shipyards of a con-
struction company-~appear not to have met with the approval of many of those
who-accompany him. Moreover, it has even been disclosed that Nino Vieira
reportedly received, as a gift from the aforementioned company, a residence
located somewhere in the municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Another curious detail relating to the behavior of President Joao Bernardo

Vieira is the fact that he has three daughters studying at a secondary school
in the North.

21



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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
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original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
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given by source.

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REGAINING GROUND

canta De Beers ‘Consolidated Mines

600:

La
Spats "79am "of "000s “ann ‘86g ABE

of. rough diamonds

JPRS*SSA*86+067
27 June 1986

* francs by 30m francs. In addition, cash re-
serves rose by R123m to R28im. There is
also confirmation that stocks are shrinking.
Apart from the $52m fall in the value of the
CSO stockpile, stocks held at mines rose by
only R4m to R104m, suggesting a lower
dollar value.

Local analysts generally are not expecting
renewed growth in the share price just yet. A
phase of consolidation had to come after the
advance seen in the last 12 months, and most
of the known fundamentals are probably in
the price.

At R24,30c, the
share yields a his-

sold is improving, and

OUTPERFORMING GOLDS

toric 2,3%, so the

nsolidated Mines vs Ali Gold index market is looking

some way ahead.
But after five

difficult years the

an overall 7,5% price Aoio __De Beers Cor
increase in the CSO’s 2

prices takes effect 1G ate
from the fourth sight co

in May.

The balance sheet ‘ ~

turning point has
arrived. So cven

supports the impres- BS assuming no more
sion of improving fun- hoch a ~ help from the rand,
damentals. Interest- ° pees oo De Beers’ earnings
bearing debt was “8a Aor No "85 Jn One and dividends

"86 a0
cr 1S Gn,

down by R96m at
end-December, but there was also a signifi-
cant fall in the medium- to long-term bor-
rowings in foreign currencies, with dollar
loans down by $75m and those in Belgian

should rise strong-
ly over the next few years. More good news
when mid-year sales and profits are pub-
lished should boost sentiment on the share.

De Beers Chairman on Recovery

Johannesburg FINANCIAL MAIL in English 9 May 86 pp 28-29

[Text]

De Beers and the dia-
mond industry are
emerging from what
former chairman Har-
cry Oppenheimer de-
scribed as its worst de-
pression in 50 years.
The present chairman,
. ‘a clearly confident Ju-
mpson, talks to the FM.

z ous 985 was a turning point in
the market for:rough diamonds. Would you
say. yet that:De: Beers and the industry have
returned to. norinal?

Ogilvie Thompson: We are well on the way
to.a return to full normality. Retail sales of
diamond jewelléry were good throughout,the «
Eighties. We held back our sales in the
earlier part of the decade while the differ-
ence between: our sales and the ultimate
consumer off-take was met by a reduction in
stocks in the cutting centres.

Those stocksiare now more or less down to
normal operat{ng-levels and so we hope our
‘rough stone sales will be more directly relat-
ed to what we: believe are going to be satis-
factory retail diamond jewellery sales. So we
are very nearly-at the point of normal, profit-
able, satisfactory trading.
‘Have structural changes appeared in the
trade since thé hard assets boom of the late-

Seventies?

No, I.don’t think so. During the boom
there was a mushrooming of so-called invest-
ment companies, almost all of which have
collapsed and disappeared, Those companies
weren’t really in the normal routine pipeline.
The cutting industry is one of the most flexi-
ble and adaptable businesses in the world. I
think they’ve adapted themselves to current
circumstances and we would hope that the
relationships between ourselves and them
and the jewellery manufacturers and retail-
ers is back to a normal long-term base.

115



JPRS“SSA~86 +067
27 June 1986

After the program in N'Timangau is completed, an identical project will be
undertaken in the seat of the district of Changara. Located to the south of
the city of Tete and bounded by the northern district of Guro, in the province
of Manica, Changara is characterized by an almost total lack of
infrastructures for development.

The fact is that during the colonial period, Changara was a mere settlement,
condemned like the rest of the peasant zones in our country to total neglect.
It was not until 1980 that it was promoted to district status, because of its
size and its extensive economic resources, mainly for agriculture.

It is therefore a district in which the chief city does not even have
buildings suited to its new district status. It will thus be necessary to
begin practically at zero. And a project identical to that under way now in
N'Timangau will doubtless improve the aspect of the region, which will awaken
once and for all from the long sleep of poverty and ostracism to which it was
relegated during the era of foreign domination in our country.

Bandits Hinder Development
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 8 May 86 p 3

[Text] This district of Changara, in the province of Tete, located about 100
kilometers to the south of the capital city of that name and bounded by the
northern district of Guro in the province of Manica, is among the regions of
the country in which the people have not know peace, much less an abundance
of farm production, in the past 5 years. Changara, like various other parts
of our national territory, has been the target of the criminal actions of the
armed bandits. Just last year it was the scene of a number of enemy
incursions, those perpetrated in April and October of last year against the
peaceful population and the workers in the locality of N'Timangau being the
most cruel. In the first criminal action, a young Mozambican technician, who
was then directing the Rural Development Project under way there, was
assassinated in barbarous fashion.

Apart from the armed banditry, Changara has never had farm production which
could satisfy its approximately 100,000 inhabitants, either. The years
following the prolonged drought which reached its most critical point in 1983,
brought infestations of grasshoppers, “makombes" and birds, which have
decimated all the grain crops this year. The bird plague did not leave a
single stalk of sorghum standing on the state farms. This is one of the
regions in which the most generous domestic and international aid will
continue to be needed, despite the great efforts made continual ly and almost
desperately by the local peasants in the past 5 years. The murderous armed
bandits kill and hunger does too--that is the sad reality in Changara.

By far the greater part of the farm production this season has been hopelessly
lost because of the depredation by passerine birds and “makombes,” which
attacked all of the fields of sorghum when it was already well matured.

This scourge, unprecedented in the region, affected the district of Changara.
A veritable cloud of birds invaded the area, and in a few hours devoured 5

64



/13046
csO:

3400/1858

Despite the fact that most
of the projected imports were
met in 1985 yet scarcity of
both industrial and consumer
goods was witnessed.

The amount spent in 1985
on imports was an
improvement when
‘compared with that of 1984,
For example a total of 46.7
billion was spent in 1984 on
both visible and invisible
imports. Out of this, N4 billion
was disbursed to the private
sector for importation. The
public sector spent 1.9
billion while 4691 million was
spent on invisible imports.

In, 1983 the amount of
foreign exchange spent on:
importation of goods and
services was higher than that
of 1984 and 1985.

A total of 48.8 billion was
spent in 1983 on imports.
Raw materials, machinery,
spare parts and CKD

75

accounted for 4.6 billion;
food accounted for #796
million; general ‘merchandise
ccounted for 42 billion while
invisible imports accounted
for N1.4billion.

+ The 1986 budget estimated

foreign exchange earning of
9.6 billion and about 70 per
cent or W6.7 billion is
estimated to be spent .on
importation of industrial
‘goods for the purpose of a
domestic production
activities while 30 per cent or
2.8 billion is reserved for
external debt repayment.

It is however feared
whether ‘the — foreign
exchange budgeted for 1986
will be realised because of the
drastic decline in the price of
crude oil, which is the major
source of our foreign
exchange earnings.



Senk also said that the Angolan (TAAG) and Yugoslav (JAT) airlines maintain
excellent relations and there is an agreement to train a group of Angolan
pilots for a 2-year period.

Finally, Ivan Senk assured us that Yugoslavia would participate in the third

Luanda International Fair (FILDA-86) to be held in November. It will be held
in a 300 square meter pavilion and a 100 square meter open air area.

9935/9435
CsO: 3442/220

11



According to Gregory Nyombi, the program has already been introduced on 288
of the 500 hectares initially planned by 1986.

The technician noted that although the climate in that area of the country
is favorable for growing coffee, because of the war situation, which disrupts
traffic and communications between the various districts of the province, the
introduction of the coffee crop in Mozambique is slowed because supplies of
chemical products and fertilizers are cut off.

It should be noted that in this first phase of the project, on the 288 hectares
on which coffee igs now being grown, the yield is 250 kilograms per hectare,
which comes to about 7,200 kilograms per year, a quantity which Gregory

Nyombi considers to be still insignificant.

Roasting Industry

The present status of the coffee processing industry reflects the figures for
the nation's coffee production; roasting plants have been abandoned.

Carlos Gaspar, owner of the "Casa do Bom Cafe," says there are virtually no
channels for distribution of raw coffee, so the activity of these specialized
establishments is limited to roasting and grinding coffee for individuals who
request these services.

“I think that if there were an efficient collection of the coffee from the

zones where it exists, we would not be experiencing this shortage and, in my
opinion, the product would be distributed more equitably on the market. The
coffee roasting establishments in Maputo are surviving by selling tea. Well,
this is not right when there ig coffee being produced in Mozambique. If there.
were an agency responsible for delivering the coffee from the producer to us,

the current state of the roasting and grinding industry would be very different,"
Carlos Caspar said.

For his part, Alfredo Manjate, of the "Cafe Liberia," said that the last quota
he received was in 1983; last year he received instant coffee, in laughably ~
small amounts.

6362
CSO: 3442/225

70



tice Ministrv is also not a
good indicator. As a consequen-
ce left with practically no
political platform to air their
grievances, some citizens used
the funeral of the late Albert
Porte to call for social jus-
tice and the holding of new
natfonal elections. “This call
Supports one earlier made by
the Liberia Action Party, the
Unity Party and the Liberia
Unification Party, the three
parties in the coalition.

Even atter their release from
detention following the Nover-
ber 12 abortive invasion, some

politicians have not had things -

smooth-saling, although they
have not done anything in con-

travention of the constitution.

The Standard. Bearer of the
Liberia Action. Party (LAP)
Jackson F. Doe was arrested at

a Monrovia hotel together with
an American journalist Nors-
borne Berkeley after he (Doe)
had gone there to ask the jour-
nalist to have a letter de-
livered to a company in the
United States. They were
released after interrogation on
the same day. One wonders why
they were arrested at

Also according to Mr. Jackson
F. Doe and Or. Byron Tarr,
Secretary General of LAP; there
have been people sent from the
Executive Mansion to call them
on some occasions but they have

always. stressed that such
invitations should be jade
public before they could be
accepted.

The fact that soldiers and
policemen were deployed at the
Cocenut Plantation; in Nonrovia
even when a Writ of Prohibition
had been issued not to allow
the three opposition parties to
hold a planned rally, was con-
sidered improper since the only
constitutional way to deal with
19274

cso: 3400/1878

the situation if
cians had defied
Court writ was to hold them in
contempt of court. The presence
of military personnel created
fear and panic in the society.

It is also strange that the
‘Senate or House has not had any
open public confirmation hear-
ings. There have not been any
public debates on the issue of
privatizing some public cor-
porations. Observers are con-
cerned about these things.

One Senator recently said
that after the Senate had
approved of the nosination of
some judges, an &OPL Senator
took upon ‘hissif to erase the
mames that he did not want and
have them replaced with the
names of his oun appointees.
But according to the Senator
who made the disclosure, the
Chief Justice His Honour James
Wagbe "put his foot down".

And as we went to press,
three opposition leaders, Jack-
son Doe, Edwara Kesselly and
Gabrie! Kpoleh hac tui-nec down

the politi-
the Suprene

a lest minute invitation to
meet with the. President and
2oes in Gbarnya, Bong Ccunty.

Ths political leaders 2aong
otaer thiags felt that courtesy
was not extenced thee as they
hei-d the invitation oniy cn
radio.

They also said that it was
improper to mix politics with
secret societies. Although they
show up in Gbarnga on Good Fri-
day as had been announced by
LBS (the national radio}, the
station appeared oblivious to
the position taken by the
rolitcal leaders and kept an-
nouncing all of Saturday March

29, 1986, what appeared to be
a3 p.a. ultieatua/deadline tor

the politicians to meet with
the Zoes and "Tarnue" (refer—
ring to Samuel Doe “Chief of
the Zoes").

28

It is not clear exactly what
role is envisaged for the Zoes
since the Constitution of Libe-
ria does not confer on them any
particular status. Severtheless
this may well turn up-to be a
“pandora box".

Charles Evans Hughes once
saic that "while democracy aust
have its organization and con-
trols, its vital breath is in-
dividual liberty."

Alfred £. Smith also put it
succintly: “All the ills of
democracy can be cured by sore
democracy." It therefore does
not sound reasonable uhen the
argument is advanced that the
problems of young democracies
demand an injection of a dose
of authoritarianism in govern—
ment.

The craving for liberty can~
not be satisfied by mere rheto—"
ric. Democracy aust be sanifes-
ted in the candour of govern—
ment and the good conduct of
citizens, for to do otherwise
would be suicidal. _

The late Rev. (Dr. Martin”
Luther King's sentiments echoed
in 1964, as apt for the pre- ~
sent: o+-amid today's aortar
bursts and whining bullets,
there is hope for a brighter
tozorrow. I believe that voun-
ded justice lying prostrate on
the blood-Flowing streets: of
our nations, can be lifted From
this dust of shase to’ reign
Supreme among the children of
men...."



sumes a large proportion of what
he/she produces). This would tend
to understate the GNI.
Furthermore, the GNI is divided
into the total population including.
the peasant sector. We can conclude
therefore that the per capita GNI of
$696 is significantly understated.
In order to arrive at a more cor-
rect estimate of per capita NI we can
divide the work force into the total
of wages and salaries earned in that
year. This will then give us an aver-
age carning per worker (see Table

Table IV shows a very different
picture to Table Il]. The per capita
GNI in 1983 (from Table Ill) is less
that a quarter of the size of the aver-
age earnings per worker of $2 919
pa shown in Table IV.

The one major problem which
still remains is the buying power of
the money earned. In order to as- |
sess whether or not standards of liv- ;
ing have increased we need to !
deflate the NI figures and express
them at constant prices. The last two
columns of Table III show the GNI

‘at constant (1980) prices. The
deflated figures enable us to deter-
mine real (as opposed to money)
growth.

The fastest period of growth
(since 1974) was the 1979-81 peri-
od. This was largely as a result of
the good agricultural harvests in that
period. The 1981-1983 period, by
contrast, experienced very little if
any real growth, with per capita real
earnings dropping by $36.

Table IV shows similar trends for
real wages and salaries. The per
capita figures bring out the effects
of the rate of population growth on
national income statistics. Table II

shows that per capita real GNI was

higher in 1974 than it was in 1983.
If we accept this as an effective

| measure of the standard of living,

it means that on average we are
poorer today than we were in 1974.
If, on the other hand, we use ‘aver-
age real earnings per worker’ (Ta-
ble IV) as our standard, then we find
that real earnings in the wage econ-
omy have been increasing steadily

_ since 1974 until 1982, after which

living standards dropped.

|

We must however, bear in mind ,
that Table IV refers only to the sa-
laried workers, ie approximately

} one-seventh of the total population.

Inasmuch as the salaried workers
are subsidising not only their own
families but relatives in the com-
munal areas as well, Table III may
well be a more realistic standard of
measurement.

Profits

The contribution of the private
sector to. profits over the last 10
years was 94%, compared with 6%
by the government (public sector).

In the private sector, non-
financial companies earned the clear
majority, followed in second place

by incorporated enterprises and fi-
nally by finahcial institutions.

Government's contribution to
gross operating profit has vacillat-
ed between 10% in 1974 and 2% in
1982. Overall it can be said that
government contributes relatively
litde to total profits earned.

Next week we will discuss gross
national expenditure.

TABLE I
Composition of National Income
Item 1974 1975 19761977 1978 1979 19801981 1982 1983
Wage & Salaries 0 82D «ISSR «573
Rent 34 32 3 a3 29 24 ibd 7
Gross operating profit 46.2 416 40.9 36.4 35.6 38.7 39.2 410
Gress domestic income 100.0 100.9 100.0 100.0 100.9 100.0 1009 100.0
Table 1V
Real and money average earnings per worker
Real Figures Deflated Figures
‘Year Total of wages Work Force Ave earnings | Wages & sal Per capita
wages & sal, (Sm) (00's) pér worker pa 1980 p's ($m) ay, earnings
1974 904 1040 869 1453 1397
1975 1.050 1050 1000 4 567 1493
1976 Lis (033° ry 1607 1356
1977 1248 1012 4.233, 1627 1608
1978 1332 986 4351 1632 1656
1979 1494 984 1518 1647 1674
1980 1902 1010 1 883 1902 1 883
1981 239 1038 2234 2041 1967
1982, 274 1046 2652 2079 1988
1983 301s 1033 2919 1976 1913

19274

cso: 3400/1719

99



19274
cso

3400/1940

Speaker Hill said
Liberian youths are
determined to learn
provided they are af-
forded the opportuni-
ty .to achieve some
technical training.

He hoped * the
Israeli government
would ‘look into the
possibility of provid- ©
ing educational and
technical assistance
to the country._.

35



JPRSagcy..

2 86-067

7 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

SOUTHERN TETE DISTRICTS TO BENEFIT FROM FARM PROJECTS
UNICEF Financing

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 8 May 86 p 3

{Article by Benjamim Faduco] ,

[Text] The Rural Development Project (PDR), the first phase of which is
scheduled to end next May in the locality of N'Timangau, district of Changara,
is a major socioeconomic undertaking which will result in the triumph of man
over hostile nature. This is a major initiative being financed by the UNICEF
and designed to introduce a complex of new farm technologies in that southern
district of Tete. Its final goal is to ensure the economic and social
stability of a population which in the past 5 years has been victimized by
armed banditry and continuing natural catastrophes. The administrator of the
district of Changara, Candido Zagua, said that this is a laudable undertaking
and one broadly supported by the peasants, since it seeks to resolve their
real problems. The Rural Development Project, locally known as the N'Timangau
project, includes the drilling of artesian wells, which, using bucket’ wheels
or windmills, will irrigate the state farms in the cooperative sector,
predominant in the region. This same project will also cover the social
sector, with the resources necessary for its advance being provided. Locally,
the project is being carried out by Mozambicans with the support of UNICEF
technicians. The second phase of this project will be pursued in the seat of
the district of Changara, where the work will have the same characteristics
and goals as that in N'Timangau. The construction and installation of’ the
various windmills planned for the region have already been completed.

Begun early last year, and interrupted shortly thereafter by the criminal
activities of the armed bandits, the N'Timangau project is, so to speak, the
first serious rural development program in the province of Tete,

The N'Timangau project, resumed in May of last year, covers three zones,
including those with the best soil in the region. It was established where the’
Zambeze Planning Office had had a labor post in the colonial period.

This is a vast region bathed by. the Mazoe River. It has a great: agricultural

potential, in particular for the cultivation of dwarf sorghum, corn,:-
peanuts and a wide variety of vegetables. .

60


mony and self-determination.

be . :
In remarks, Vice President Samphan said he was happy for the visit to the
National Legislature, and added that his delegation was grateful for the
“warm reception" received since their arrival in Liberia.

Mr Samphan spoke of the "untold sufferings the struggle for self-determina-
tion has inflicted on the Kampuchean people," and hoped that with the support

- of Liberia and the international community "peace would prevail in their
country."

Other members of the Foreign Relations Committee present at the discussion
were, Senators Kekura B. Kpoto, Fred J. Blay, J. Hodo Manston, Robert Dole,
and Hilary Gbundlee, among others.

19274
cso: 3400/1941

31



The remodeling work is being done by the local population, with the support of
the health workers assigned to the region. In all, the Changara district has
12 health units, which are subdivided into four centers and six stations.

According to the district health official, Timoteo Monforte, the district
staff is made up of 14 individuals, including nurses and health agents.

Where the program for care of mothers and infants is concerned, Changara,
which includes N'Timangau, is served by a total of five midwives. The
vaccination program is being carried out by three preventive medicine agents,
whose task it is to cover the entire district.

Timoteo Monforte said that the health situation in the region is improving
gradually with the regular delivery of some basic medicines. The vast
majority of them are provided by the international community, and even
individually, by some of the cooperative technicians working here. Once they
have returned to their own countries, they take the trouble to.send some
medicines which they are able to obtain, in a gesture of solidarity for which
the beneficiaries are very grateful.

Livestock Aid

There has algo been a great increase in livestock raising in N'Timangau thanks
to the financing made available by the UNICEF. Information obtained locally
by our reporter justifies expectations of gradual and certain growth ‘in this
important sector in the coming years. .

As a first step, a survey was made to identify and classify the various
species of animals found in the region. Goats predominate, followed by cattle
and other smaller animals.

To provide proper support for this undertaking, a dipping tank is being built
in the headquarters locality of N'Timangau. This is designed to protect the
animals from the ailments which have subverted their growth and development.

The construction of the dipping tank is included in the program for drilling
wells and building windmills, which is scheduled to be concluded this May. :

The month of May was chosen because it coincides with the anniversary of the
launching of the N'Timangau project.

Recently, a meeting to assess the various activities being supported by the
UNICEF in this province, including the Rural Development Project which is
under way in N'Timangau, was held in the city of Tete. .

With the effort currently being made, supported by the broad participation of
the peasants, it is reasonable to assume that the coming years will bring an
improvement in the socioeconomic conditions for the people of the region.

This project serves as a lever promoting real rural development, thus, through
the mastery of new basic farm techniques, putting an end to the years of
hunger which have always characterized the life of the peasants in the region.

63



SJPRS+SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

BEEF PRODUCERS DISAPPOINTED IN PRICE INCREASE

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 16 May 86 p 12

[Text } of restoring long-term term incentive to rebuild their that commission officials have be-
ty to the Beef market by —drought-depreted herds and ensure _ come resigned to yet more cattle be-
putting the Cold Storage Commis- increased production for export to” ing offered to private abbatoirs.
sion on a more competitive foot- the EEC. One rancher. told Farming
ing with an increase of 30% inthe The suggestion was that exports. Gasette: **There is an across the
official beef price, were dashed to Europe could have partly subsi-. board flat payment charged by the
when the Minister of Agriculture, —dised the increase, and that retail private people, but even with this
Mr Moven Mahachi, said price rises of as much as 20% could penalty we get better prices than
producers would be getting an have dealt with the rest. those offered by the commission.””
average rise of only 15%. The CSC, whose survival It is possible that a new scheme
The industry had hoped for an producers say is necessary to the proposed by the CSC to boost beef
30% increase primarily to ensure stability of their industry. is sales will have to be delayed for a
that stock owners Sold their cattle have been on the way to making long time because of the lower than
to the CSC rather than on the more ends meet for the first time in years expected price increase. It proposes
competitive open market which — when the beef shortage hit late last to. sell. pre-packed meat in stores
hrived for several months late last year and diverted many of the avail- throughout the country, mainly in
and early this year during the. able slaughter cattle to private abat- high density suburbs. which will
beef shortage. toirs and the mushrooming illegal — carry au
As beef producers m bush abattoirs. The refrig
last year's round of pri out of bought outright by shop
ed in expecting a CONFIDENT owners
c cial farming sources sa The disappointing rise means
This. they fell, would help oftet_ he "Culd. Stores Commision there will probably not be enough
the damage done by the protracted would have been happy with a 30% { Meat available for the scheme to
drought. provide them with along- increase and wats confident that the | Work effectively. ,
number of head on offer would have —_, Another worry for the eommis-
risen appreciably if this price rise Sionis the future of the lucrative ex-
had been awarded. It is understood POT markets. particularly the
aren INS ; European Economic Community.
This has a quota of slightly more
than 8 000 tonnes a year and it is
possible the country will not be able
to fulfill it. Ifthis does happen, then
the next time quotas are negotiated
Zimbabwe's could well be reduced.
Beef producers are going as far
as to suggest that some of the CSC
abbattoirs might even have to be
closed temporarily because there
will be so little on offer. The CSC
is keeping quict on this.
19274
cso: 3400/1719

100


BANK GOVERNOR BESTMAN ON SALARY ARREARS PAYMENTS

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 22 May 86 pp 1, 6

[Article by G. Kparcon Nardoh and Sam H. Johnson]

{Text ]

The Governor of the
Natiohal Bank ‘of Libe-
ria,.Mr.- John G. Best-
man, yesterday told
the Senate .Conimittee
on Banking and Curren-
cy that his bank has

enough funds to encash
government employees’
salary checks for the
months of February and
March.

He said if present
pariking measures being
instituted prove
fruitful, “his > bank
will be in’a position
to ensure the payment
of salary arrears for
the ionths of April
and May and the regu-
larizition of govern-
ment workers' salary
payment from thereon.

Briefing the commit
tee on government
banking and currency
policies with empha-
sis on new develop-
ments within the bank-

ing ‘system, “Governor ~

Bestman said the Na-
tional Bank has al-
ready arranged with
‘the National Housing!

and Savings Bank and
the Agricultural Co-
operative Development
Bank to assist with
the encashment of ci-
vil servants' checks
which were. being dis-
pursed by “the Finance
Ministry yesterday.

He said $12.5 mil-
lion in.$5 coin ar-
rived in the country

- last: weekend from the

United Kingdom to .ex-

pedite,.the payment of.

salaries.:-.

Explaining reasons
for the minting of the
$5 coins, Mr. Bestmari
said the money was in-
tended to fill the
vacuum created by sub-
stantial capital
flight from the coun-
try following the coup
in 1980.

He said statistics
show that out of
$196.3 million United
States currency
brought into the coun-
try between 1980 and
1986, only $3 million
is presently in cir-
culation.

41

JPRS+SSA*86*067

27 June 1986

LIBERIA

Mr. Bestman said
$40 million Liberian
coins have been minted
plus the $12.5 million
brought ini from Bri-
tain last weekend
making a total of
$52.5 million of Libe—
rian’.coins’ currently
in circulation. ~*~ ">

He disclosed that o!
the $40 million Libe-

\rian coins minted be-

\tween 1982’ and 1985,
only about $5 million
is\ now within the
banking system.

Mr. Bestman. said
this meant that either
the coins.were being
hoarded at home in
private safes or are
going elsewhere.

In an interview With
this paper Tuesday,

* the National Bank boss

said government has
no intention now to
print paper money be-
cause this could cause
the. Liberian dollar. to.

_ lose its parity with

the American’ dollar.
He noted that with
the five dollar’ coin,



JPRS«S8A-86 4067
27 June 1986

ZAIRE

REPORTAGE ON VISIT OF BELGIAN ECONOMIC OFFICIAL
Arrives 25 May
AB251805 Kinshasa AZAP in French 1330 GMT 25 May 86

{Text] Kinshasa, 25 May (AZAP)--Guillot Pingue, director general at the Gen-
eral Directorate of External Economic Relations at Belgium's Foreign Affairs
Ministry, arrived in Kinshasa on Sunday morning for a 5-day official visit
on an invitation from the office of the first state commissioner.

Upon his arrival Mr Pingue declared that he would examine with the country's
authorities the organization of the Belgium-Zaire Joint Commission meeting to
take place in July, as well as his country's contribution to Zaire's economic
recovery.

In this regard, Mr Pingue indicated that he and the Zairian authorities would
examine the possibilities of granting state loans to Zaire and the various
modes of financing. This meeting will also enable the two parties to discuss
assistance to be given to small- and medium-size enterprises in Zaire, and on
the possibilities of low-interest and short-term financing.

Received by Secretary of State
4B281013 Kinshasa AZAP in French 1900 GMT 27 May 86

[Text] Kinshasa, 27 May (AZAP)--Mr Guillaume Pingue, director general of ex-
ternal economic relations at the Belgian Ministry of External Relations who
has been on a 1~week official mission to Zaire since 24 May, was received in
Audience on Tuesday by Citizen Kabala Kisekaseka, secretary of state for
foreign affairs, with whom he discussed the situation of the preparations

for the meeting of the Belgian-Zairian Joint Commission to be held next July
in Brussels. Mr Pingue stated that his visit to Zaire, which follows that of
Belgian External Relations Minister Tindemans last April, is aimed at prepar~
ing together with the Zairian authorities all the economic and financial docu-
ments to be discussed at the Brussels meeting.

He stressed the importance of the forthcoming meeting of the Belgian-Zairian
Joint Commission whose outcome will enable Belgium to mobilize the necessary
resources for its participation in Zaire's 5-year development plan. Mr Pingue
affirmed that his country believes in the success of this plan and has promised
to secure the support of Zaire's other Western partners.

19274
CSO: 3400/1884 83



Lastly, countries that have opted for a capitalist form of development and
that have close ties with the capitalist countries. In this case, the Soviet
aid is justified only by the development of those Progressive forces that
might be able to promote the anti-imperialist struggle. These circumstances
prevail in the countries of Latin America and of Central and Southern Africa
and in Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Iran.

These three categories in large measure represent three levels of cooperation
between the USSR and the Third World, and it is noteworthy that from 1955 to
1979 the principal partners of the USSR were precisely countries that are
listed in the first two categories and that have received 50 percent of the
total credits. As for agricultural .aid Properly speaking, it is distributed
in equal proportions between the countries of Africa, on the one hand, and
those of the other regions of the world; and more than half of those African
countries that receive economic aid from the USSR also receive agricultural
aid. In short, it can be said that the granting by the USSR of economic aid--
and agricultural aid in Pparticular--is based largely on political and geo-
graphical considerations.

Agricultural Projects

Agricultural cooperation, strictly speaking, consists of two types of projects:
projects that are intrinsically agricultural in character, and projects that
are upstream or downstream from agriculture, specifically: fertilizer plants,
tractor factories, seed "stockage" complexes, canning industries, and so
forth.

Agricultural projects, strictly speaking, comprise the state farms, hydro-
agricultural projects, soil restoration, and so forth. These projects always
involve the introduction of a particular system of agricultural management;
and it is therefore understandable that it has been the countries of socialist
tendency--and those with a large public sector-~that have received such assis-
tance. From 1955 to 1977 the USSR participated in the establishment of 23
agricultural enterprises and state farms in the Third World. In the midst of
all this cooperation, however, there is another type of project, one that is
closely linked (and limited) to countries that are very close ideologically
to the USSR: research institutes that relate to agriculture, which in their
initial phase receive the results of the investigations made by the Soviet
research institutes themselves.

Then there are the Projects that relate to irrigation; they represent the
greater part of Soviet aid to agriculture in the Third World countries (50 to
70 percent of the total agricultural aid), for they make possible a more
equitable distribution of the benefits among the partners.

On the one hand, these Projects necessitate large-scale works that enable the
Soviets to acquire a certain prestige (the Aswan Dam, for example), while on
the other hand they help the countries of the Third World--and those of Africa
in particular--to minimize the damage caused by the shortage of water for
agriculture. For this reason, the projects for the development of irrigation
help to satisfy one of the most critical needs of agriculture and at the same



Immigration Bureau Launches Intensive Screening Exercise
(J. N. Elliott; NEW LIBERIAN, 19 May 86) ...sseccececeecees

Bank Governor Bestman on Salary Arrears Payments
(G. Kparcon Nardoh, Sam H. Johnson; NEW LIBERIAN, 22 May 86)

Minister Sackor Challenges CSA on Essential Goods Shortage
(Daikyo George; SUNTIMES, 23 May 86) ecsccecesererecneceece

MALAWI

Ministry Allocations, Attempts To Raise Revenue Examined
(THIS IS MALAWI, 5 May 86) ...sseeeeeee

Briefs
Fuel Restrictions Abolished

MOZAMBIQUE

Foreign Minister Chissano Discusses OAU
_Goaquim Chissano; Maputo Domestic Service, 25 May 86) ....

Commentary Says RSA Raids 'Gesture' to Right
(Maputo in English to Southern Africa, 22 May 86) ........-

Machel Pledges No Negotiations With MNR
(Maputo in English to Southern Africa, 27 “May 86) weveeeeee

Paper Reviews Background of MNR Leader
(THE STAR, 22 May 86) .ccccccccccccccscrcceccvccscevecceees

First National Institute for Adult Education Created
(Aldavanda Martins Interview; NOTICIAS, 10 May 86) ....-..-

Nampula School Teaches Several Languages, Including Russian
Salomao Moyana; NOTICIAS, 10 May 86) .sscccecececesccceccee

Southern Tete Districts To Benefit From Farm Projects
(NOTICIAS, 8 May 86) ..csccccccccecnccecnececnceccoes seceee

UNICEF Financing, by Benjamin Faduco
Bandits Hinder Development

Tanzania Supports Coffee Project in Gurue
(NOTICIAS, 9 May 86) wecceececececcccecccceccere

Briefs
Increase of Refugees Into Gazankulu
Drilling Equipment for GEOMOC

40

43

45

47

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

60

64

69



LOCAL LEBANESE COMMITTED TO DEVELOPMENT OF NATION

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 20 May 86 p 3

[Text ]

The outgoing presi-
dent of the Lebanese
Community in Liberia,
Mr. Raef Fadel, has
said the community was
committed to making
meaningful contribut-
tions to the develop-
ment of Liberia.

He said it was in
this light that ‘mem-
bers of the community
will continue to serve
as "catalysts" in pro-

moting investment in’

the country, while at
the same time cement-
ing the mutual and
cordial relationship
existing between them
and their Liberian
friends.

“Mr. Fadel, who has
been president of the
community for the last
four years, was speak-
ing to reporters yes-
terday-in an interview
about his tenure.

The’ community will
May 18, elect a new
president.

The former Lebanese

19274
CSO: 3400/1942

community president

‘then expressed delight

over the cooperation
received from presi-
dent Samuel K. Doe,
the government and
people of Liberia.

He said through this
cooperation, the com-
munity under his lea-
dership, was able to
make significant stri-
des towards strengthen-
ing the already frien-
dly tiés between’ its
members and their Li-
berian friends.

Mr. Fadel also com-
mended the Lebanese
Ambassador to Liberia,
Mr. John Alpha for his
efforts in strengthen-
ing relations betweén
Liberia and Lebanon.

He said that even
though his administra<

tion was faced with.
difficulties, as a re-
sult of ‘world-wide
economic recession, it.
was able to undertake

meaningful * projects
during the last four

38

JPRS*SSA*86*06

27 June 1986

LIBERIA

years through the
cooperation-of Lebanese
businessmen here. nr

He named ‘the con-
struction of
$150,000 "Liberian-
banese maternity hos~
¥ “in Kakata, Mar-
gibi County, the
granting of -scholar-
ship’ to Libérians to
study a ‘local univer-
Sities: and secondary
‘schools -and donations
to the “group of '77'
as some contributions:
the community made
during his tenure.

Mr. Fadel also said
duriug Nis tenure, he
tobiliged Lebanese na~
tional ‘throughout the
country to contribute
to “the socio-econoinie
development, of their
respective areas of
operation.

In’ this respect; the
former president con-
tinued, "we reactivat-
ed local branches of
the committee through-
out Liberia."



«067
ypRS+SSA86~0
27 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

TANZANIA SUPPORTS! COFFEF PROJECT IN GURUE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 9 May 86 p 2

[Text] The nation's coffee production (still rising) could come to take care
of the shortage of that product on the domestic market, alleviating the burden
on the state budget of acquiring coffee from abroad, even though it has not
been imported in any large quantity in recent years. According to Gregory
Nyombi, leader of a Tanzanian team promoting coffee production in our country,
a coffee cultivation project is now being established in Gurue, Zambezia
Province. Because of certain adversities, however, the harvest ig not yet
large enough to meet the growing domestic demand.

According to Gregory Nyombi, the project to initiate coffee planting at the
EMOCHA [?Mozambican State Coffee Company] in Gurue is in response to the request
by President Samora Machel, during his visit to Tanzania, that, instead of
exporting coffee to Mozambique, Tanzania would promote’ coffee growing in this
country. me ve ees :

In May 1980, a team of Tanzanian technicians, including an agronomist, an
economist, a pathologist, a fatm mechanic and a planting planner, arrived
in Mozambique and started a coffee plantation in Zone 3 of EMOCHA, in Gurue.

According to Nyombi, seed was brought from Tanzania and another lot of seed
was obtained in Brazil and Malawi. He based his choice on the high yields
of these seeds and their resistance to several diseases and pests.

"In a report presented to the Agriculture Ministry, resulting from a study
conducted in Mozambique, it was determined that Gurue would be the first area
in which to establish'a program to promote coffee growing in Mozambique; the
project would also include Milange, Tacuane, and Alto Molocue, in Zambezia
Province, and Lichinga, in Niassa Province," Gregory Nyombi said.

According to the Tanzanian technician, the first plantation was started in
a 120-hectare area and 25 more hectares went under cultivation in 1983. The
crop wag later introduced in Tacuane (14 hectares), Milange (7 hectares) and
Block No 2 of EMOCHA, in Gurue, Zambezia Province. In addition, a 7-hectare
area in the same zone was rehabilitated. : :

69



SIPRS«SSA~86*067
27 June 1986

TANZANIA

ZANZIBAR TO REVITALIZE TAX SYSTEM, ECONOMY
4B300836 Paris AFP in English 0754 GMT 30 May 86

ftext/ Dar es Salaam, 30 May (AFP)--The Zanzibar Government has slashed sales
tax on imported textiles by 40 percent and frozen personal income tax in its
1986-87 budget estimates presented to the legislature this week.

Finance Minister Taimure Salem proposed a sales tax on private telephone and
telex subscribers, and introduced a 10 percent import tax on timber, with an
additional 1 percent landing charge.

The budget of 1,399 million shillings (77.7 million dollars) is 9.7 million
dollars higher than last year's because, Mr Saleh said, of constant increases
in the prices of goods and services.

Officials said the thrust of the budget would be to rehabilitate the economy,
which they said had hit rock bottom in recent years because of the poor per-
formance of the clove industry, which normally supplies 90 percent of foreign

exchange.

Economic Affairs Minister Saidi Bakari Jecha told the house that Zanzibar would
withdraw from the new Tanzanian joint national development plan with mainland
Tanganyika running until 1990 because of island government had failed to cope
with the previous 5-year plan ending last year.

His planners considered it unwise to embark on the second one without first
removing obvious snags and revitalizing the economy, he said.

Mr Jecha noted that the continued trade deficit with the mainland had shot up
from 39 million shillings (2.2 million dollars) in 1983 to 238 million shillings

(14 million dollars).

/12228
cso: 3400/1903



263122
JPRS-SSA-86-067
27 JUNE 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

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EXPANDED OUTPUT OF QUALITY TOBACCO URGED

Harare THE HERALD in English 18 May 86 p 5

(Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1719

-ZIMBABWD should in-
crease its tobacco produc-
tion to meet the growing
world demand for its
quality product, the out-
going president of the
Tobacco Trade Associa-
tion, Mr Dennis Morris,
has urged.

Speaking at the asso-
ciation’s 38th annual
meeting in Harare last
week, Mr Morris sald
-that although the cur-
; rent crop was down on
the target of 135 million
kg, it was proving very
acceptable jn quality and
styles.

Zimbabwe is the world’s
third largest tobacco ex-
porter and exports to 65
countries,

Reviewing the last
year, he said the trade
had faced a difficult buy-
ing season “caused by a
number of interlinked
factors, including the
heavy and irregular rainy
season, a reduced crop
size, an, uncertainty about
the crop quality, grading
and presentation and
variations in the external
order base.

“A. domestic offshoot of
this was considerable dis-
;quiet expressed by both
the trade and the growers

about sales procedures.’

As a result, the associa-
tion’s representatives on
the sales procedurés sub-
committee had lengthy
discussions with their
countedparts in. the Zi-
mbabwe Tobacco Associa-
tion between the 1985 and
1986 selling seasons,” he
said, a

A new system was
evolved and while it was

not perfect from the buy- «

ers’ point of view, initial
indications were that it
wos a “great improve-
ment” on that used last
year,

With the help of the

railways, 100000 tonnes:

of tobacco was exported
last year and the associa-
tion was still negotiating
preferential rail and har-
bour rates with the
Mozambican _ authorities.
It had also been invited
to sit on the committee
dealing with the develop-
ment of the Beira Cor-
ridor.

At the meeting, Mr
Tikki Hywood wag elect-
ed president of the as-
sociation and Mr Guy
Hensman and Mr Mike
Hodgson are the new
vice-presidents.

104

JPRS*SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

ZIMBABWE


Trade Secretary on UNCTAD's Global System of Trade Preference
(Mavis Quaicoe; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 6 May 86) ........

Ashanti Goldfields Corporation in Financial Crisis
(Boniface Ablekpe; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 2 May 86) .....

Japan To Assist in Road Maintenance
(Adwoa Van-Ess; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 10 May 86) .......

Briefs
Army Bid for Civilian Construction

GUINEA-BISSAU

Vieira Eliminates Rivals, Tightens Control
(J. Henriques Coimbra; EXPRESSO, 17 May 86) ....ceeceeeses

GUINEA

CMRN Issues Communique on New Economic Measures
(Conakry Domestic Service, 28 May 86) .ccccceccccccceccece

LIBERIA

‘Democracy on Trial': Application of Constitution Questioned
(FOOTPRINTS, Apr-May 86) ...

Applications Filed by 25 Independent Candidates
(DAILY STAR, 20 May 86) .

Doe Supports Peaceful Solution in Kampuchea ,
(NEW LIBERIAN, 23 May 86) ..e. ee ceccccececeesecceeeceecees

IMF 'Blacklist' Blamed for Lack of Foreign Investors
(John L. Momo; SUNTIMES, 22 May 86) .ecceccsecececececuvce

Israeli Government To Step Up Assistance
(J. N. Elliott; NEW LIBERIAN, 20 May 86) ...sseecesccecece

German Official Underscores Need for Improved Business Climate
(NEW LIBERTAN, 19 May 86) ...icccececccesesscecssecesucees

New Korean Envoy on 'Green Revolution’ Aid
(NEW LIBERIAN, 23 May 86) ...cssccccceceeccccceeeseecevees

Local Lebanese Committed to Development of Nation
(NEW LIBERIAN, 20 May 86) ..........

Lebanese Cultural Union Elects New Officers
(NEW LIBERIAN, 23 May 86) ..

16

7

18

19

20

23

25

29

30

32

34

36

37

28

39


ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

TRADE WITH U.S.-~Trade between Zimbabwe and the United States dropped off last
year, with Zimbabwe's duty-free exports falling 56 percent mainly because of
the cut in its sugar quota to the US. But, reports Zimbabwe's Washington em-
bassy, "there is continued evidence of successful diversification of some of
our exports" and the drop in Zimbabwe exports was matched by similar drops in
duty-free exports by other eligible developing countries. Duty-free exports
to the US dropped from US$16.6 million in 1984 to ¥S$7,2 million last year,
with raw sugar exports falling from US$15,4 million to US$5,7 million. Among
the new or increased exports were products such as fur skins, macadamia nuts,
unspun floor coverings, earthenware products, wrought nickel rods/bars/plates,
chisels and other cutting tools, safes and strong-boxes, household silver-
plated goods, silver and copper articles, aluminium articles, scale model
railroads, precious stone jewellery and beads. In addition, laminated glass
exports increased in value from a mere US$355 to US$335 860. But the embassy
expressed concern that some exports were still being exluded by US Customs from
duty-free treatment for administrative and other reasons. Although the value
of these exports had dropped off slightly to US$339 736 from US$488 451, indi-
cating that some exporters were heeding the advice given to them about proper
documentation and the need to méét the 35 percent value added requirement,
others had to be reminded about these again. [Text] [Harare THE BUSINESS
HERALD in English 22 May 86 p C3] /9274

HOUSING BACKLOG--Mutare. About 146 000 housing units have to be constructed
each year at an estimated cost of $1 billion if the present housing backlog,
both in rural and urban areas, is to be eliminated by the year 2000. Addres-
sing delegates to the Association of Urban Councils congress which ended in
Mutare on Wednesday, the Minister of Public Construction and National Housing,
Cde Simbarashe Mumbengegwi, urged local authorities to mobilize resources of
the people and the private sector, and not only look to central Government for
funds. The minister spoke on how houses could be constructed using three cost-
effective modes, namely building brigades, aided self-help and housing co-
operatives. Cde Mumbengegwi objected to the idea that building brigades were
transplanted from advanced socialist countries and prematurely planted in
Zimbabwe. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 23 May 86 p 5] /9274

6S0: 3400/1719

105



because it was not an opinion
handed down by ~ the Supreme
Court Bench.

Counsellor J. Laveli Supuwood

a young prominént Liberian
lawyer in his contribution to
the debate said he saw no

patriotic and reasonable Libe-
rian who would insist that the
constitution which all Libe-
rians have waited for and which
has been delivered by the In-
terim National Assembly headed
by Dr. ‘Samuel K. Doe woulu sug-
gest that the constitution be
ignored.

"The constitution in and of
itself states very clearly and
unequivocally in Article 2 that
the Constitution is the supreme

and fundamental law of the land
and that ali laws, decrees,
treaties, regulations etc which
conflict with the constitution
must be declared unconstitu-
tional by the Supreme Court",
he asserted.

Relating to the statement
made by Speaker Hill, Coun-
sellor Supuwood said he was in
complete disagreement because
“if that position were to be
adopted by the Legislature, we
would become confused as to
whether we are infact under
constitutional or martial law".

Counsellor Johnny N. Lewis,
Acting Dean of the Louis Arthur
Grimes School of Law said "I
would think that with the com-
ing into force of the constitu-
tion, all decrees, customs,”
rules and regulations which are
inconsistent with the consti-
tution are null and void".

"As soon as the constitution
came into -force, all decrees
which’ are repugnant to the
constitution automatically be-
came null and void" was the
viewpoint of Counsellor Mar-
garet M.B. Massaquoi.

In what ‘seemed to be a de-
monstration of political saga-
city, Dr. Amos Sawyer, Chairman
of the Liberian People's Party
who. was banned from political
activities by the Interim Na-
tional Assembly on February 12,
1985 showed the way when he
declared that the ban placed on
him became null and void as of
January’ 6, 1986 when the cons-
titution came into force.

Asked" whether he was con-
templating a challenge of the
ban, Dr. Sawyer stated that it
would be ridicuicus for him to
talk about challenging it when
it is clear in the constitution
that banning is unconstitution-
al in Liberia. There’ was no
official comment on Dr. Saw-
yer's remarks,

The former Professor of Poli-
tical Science at the University
of Liberia and former Chairman
of the erstwhile constitution
Commission has now taken up a
teaching appointment at a uni-
versity in the United States,

The bearded academician has
not -been alone in the struggle
for © constitutional liberties.
The: United People's Party led
by Mr. G. “Baccus Matthews has
adopted a tough stance with its
resumption of political activi-
ties regardless of a statement
by the Chairman of the Elec-

tions Commission, Isaac Ran-
dolph that the party is still
banned and should therefore

seek redress from the National
Legislature,

Officials of the UPP feel
that their party is feared by
a strong few. In their view,
the party was banned by the
dissolved Interin National
Assembly because it is the
"strongest, largest and most

popular in the country", .

26

Although the documents of the
UPP. were not probated before
the ban was imposed by the INA,
the party holds. that it is a
full-fledged party. because as
the executives put it, "the law
Says that whenever a party is
certificated by SECOM, it be-
comes a legal, political: party
and the probation is only cere-

@onial." :
The Vice-Chairman of the UPP,

Mr. Wesley Johnson in an inter-
view with FOOTPRINTS magazine
asserted that “for us in the
United People's Party we be-
lieve that the right to life,
liberty: and the pursuit of hap-
piness is not a gift of the
State, it is inherent, a God-
given gift and the state only
defines and protects it. We are
therefore not begging for our
Pights we are demanding our
rights".

The UPP executive then called
on the government "in the in-
terest of peace and stability
to act’in accordance’ with demo-
cracy because "democracy caters
to all, not a few",

Interestingly, the Liberian
Business Caucus is still banned
according . to the government
although the ban imposed late
last” ron identifiable
groups like the Press Union of
Liberia, (PUL), the National
Union” of Liberia - Teachers
(NULT) and the Students Union
of ‘the University of Liberia
have been declared lifted.

The’ Liberian Business Caucus
however, maintains that it was.
never. legally banned and .that
it continues to operate accord-
ing to the Laws of the country.

It is significant to. note
that the chairman “of the Libe-
ria Business Caucus is ‘Mr.
James K. Holder who has been


PARTY SECRETARY ZULU WARNS DONORS ON INTERNAL . INTERFERENCE

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 23 May 86 p 1

[Text ]

PARTY SECRETARY-
General Grey Zulu last
night warned countries
that assisted Zambia fina-
ncially and _ materially
Not to interfere in her poli-
tical affairs and ideologies.

Interference in Zambia's
Political affairs would not
make her change her posi-
tion adding ‘we do accept
you as our friends, but you
should respect and accept
us for what we are."”

The Party ..chief was

speaking ‘at  Inter-Conti-

nental Hotel at a dinner
he hosted for visiting Sec-
retary-General of Tan-
zania’s Chama Cha Mapi-
nduzi, Mr Rashid Kawa-

wa. :

Mr Zulu said he was
aware that detractors would
like. to see Zambia aban-
don her socialist line,
but if those were‘ among
nations ‘which assisted
Zambia financially ‘or
otherwise in her, efforts
to resuscitate the economy,
“we greatly appreciate
your assistance, but please
leave the politics to us.””

He also deplored the pre-

19274
CSO: 3400/1879

cedent set by superpowers
to attack weak but morally
tich nations saying that
dangerous _ development
had serious implications‘for
the security of developing
countries and stability of
the world.

The use of world resour-
ces in the creation of wea-
pons was a misapplication
of the resources to which
all countries contributed
in difference ways.

This situation, he said,
should “end “given” the
serious poverty and hunger
among the many nations
of the world.

Turning to the relation-
ship between Tanzania
and Zambia, Mr Zulu told
the dinner that the two
countries had co-operated
in various areas of human
endeavour and had esta-
blished joint economic ven-
tures aimed at enhancing
development efforts.

Joint ventures like
TAZARA, TAZAMA pipe-
lines had gone a long way
in making the two nations
come closer efonomically
and become less depe-

85

TPRS-S8A-86006 7
27 June 1986

ZAMBIA

ndent on racist South
Africa. .
Admittedly some of

these institutions had fa-

ced operational problems
like the now — defunct
Zambia Tanzania Road Ser-
vices (ZAMTAN).

It was, however, encou-
raging to note that those
that were still operational
were far more efficient and
were effectively contribu-
ting to the development of
the two countries, contrary
to what detractors say.

On the southern African
situation, Mr Zulu said Mr
Kawawa’s visit to Zambia
at a time when the situa-
tion in the region had
assumed dangerous pro-
Portions was important. -

The. oppressed people
of South Africa had inten-
sified their struggle to dis-
mantle apartheid while
the Pretoria regime had
also intensified its atroci-
ties on not only innocent
black men, women and chil-
dren but raiding neigh-
bouring » independent
states with impunity.



JPRS+SSA~867067
27 June 1986

ZAIRE

GOVERNMENT REAFFIRMS RESPECT FOR ANGOLA AGREEMENTS
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 10-11 May 86 pp 1, 7

(Article: "Zaire-Angola: Kinshasa will Respect the Letter and Spirit of
the Agreement on Defense and Security"]

{Excerpt] "Since relations with Angola were normalized by the signing of
certain agreements on defense and security forbidding any subversive activity
between the two countries, Zaire has intended and still intends to respect
scrupulously the letter and spirit of this agreement." This was the

message of the Zairian ambassador to Luanda in a note sent on Monday 5 May
to the Angolan ministry of Foreign Relations, the various embassies and
diplomatic missions accredited to the People's Republic of Angola and the
main Angolan press organs.

This communique follows the recent allegations made by President Kenneth
Kaunda of Zambia, who, in his capacity as acting president of the Front
Line countries, had said that Zaire was transporting U.S. military materiel
to the rebels of UNITA [National Union for the Total Independence of
Angola].

The note published by the Zairian embassy to the People's Republic of Angola
states that such a declaration is a diversionary tactic benefiting the real
enemies of the People's Republic of Angola and of Africa.

The note adds that the real objective is to concentrate the attention of
international public opinion on the Angolan provinces bordering Zaire so
that South Africa can continue to furnish military supplies to the UNITA
rebels operating in the Angolan provinces of the south and center.

The communique states that the agreements concluded by the UNITA rebel
movement with certain countries in no way involve the Republic of Zaire.
The communique concludes by reaffirming Zaire's unshakable solidarity with
its Angolan neighbors struggling to preserve their territorial integrity
and national sovereignty.

8782
CSO: 3419/260

80



Lopo do Nascimento called for new ideas and many local initiatives to
overcome the many problems of supplying goods to the people. He added that
it is also necessary to improve services and-to act with character and
speed in all our activities.

9935/9435
cso: 3442/220



JPRS*SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

a - “+ OZAMBIQUE

COMMENTARY SAYS RSA RAIDS "GESTURE' TO RIGHT
MB221327 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 22 May 86

[Station commentary]

[Text] A variety of explanations have been presented for this week's South
African attacks on the capital cities of Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Botswana. The
South African authorities themselves presented the strikes as part of their
war against the African National Congress. If this was the case, then it
was a singularly unsuccessful operation. The combined might of the South
African army and air force managed to kill one football player in Botswana
and one Zambian and one Namibian refugee in Zambia. No one at all was killed
in Zimbabwe. In not one of the three attacks did they manage to kill a single
South African, let alone a militant of the ANC.

If the aim was not so much to kill ANC members but to intimidate the govern-
ments of Zambia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, the operation still appears rather
pointless. Since the attacks took place, many international authorities have
confirmed the assertion of these three governments that there are no ANC
bases or training camps in these countries. So, there is nothing that these
governments can be intimidated into doing that would have any effect on the
current violence in South Africa.

Another possible South African motive which has been suggested by some ob-
servers is that Pretoria wanted to sabotage the peace efforts of the Common-
wealth Eminent Persons Group. According to this theory, the Commonwealth
group was getting too close to success in its mission of bringing the Pre-
toria authorities and the ANC together at the conference table. The weakness
of this theory, however, is that if the South African authorities really
wanted to prevent such an outcome all they had to do was to say no. Bombing
three capital cities seems like a case of overkill.

The most plausible explanation for this latest South African aggression is
that President P.W. Botha was making a gesture to the extreme right wing of
Afrikanerdom--those who think that Mr Botha is turning soft and making con-
cessions. If this is true, then the apartheid regime is in much worse shape
than many people have believed up to now.

50


CHINGOLA AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT EXPECTED TO DOUBLE

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 19 May 86 p 5

{Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1877

ition at the

COMMERCIAL and pea-
sant farmers in Chingola
are expected to ‘double
production of cash. crops
this season from last
year's levels, area governor
Mr Josiah Kanyuka has
said.

Opening this year's
district agricultural show
at Gymkhana grounds, Mr
Kanyuka expressed delight
that the copper mining
district was slowly shifting
emphasis to agriculture and
that it had already carved
up a reputation of being
one of the: best agricul-
tural areas on the Copper-.
belt.

Mr Kanyuka said esti-
mated duction figures
for 1985/§6 season output

-of maize, sunflower, cotton,

soya beans and ground-
nuts were expected . to
double. .

He expressed satisfac-
impressive
quality of farm produce
isplayed at the show and
described it as a sign of
commitment among .com-
mercial and peasant far-

92

mers to ° agricultural
development.

Meanwhile, activities at
the. show were disrupted
soon after opening after
vandals set fire to the

ass fence around the
showgrounds.

But the fire was put off
by showgoers.

@ An agronomist with the
Food and Agriculture
Organisation (FAQ) _ in
Chipata Mr Benoit de Fooz
has urged people in the
Eastern Province to take
up fish farming.

Mr de Fooz said in an
interview that Eastern
Province had the potential
for fish farming because of
its . abundant rivers,
dambos, deltas, lagoons
and ponds.

Mr de Fooz seconded to
the fisheries department in
Chipata and who establi-
shed the Chipata fisheries
farm three yers ago said
the farm last year raised
K25,000 from fish sales.

The money was used to
offset running costs of the
farm and other develop-
ments.

JPRS*SSA~86«067
27 June 1986

ZAMBIA



JPRS*SSA*86+067
27 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

INCREASE OF REFUGEES INTO GAZANKULU--Figures released by the Gazankulu De-
partment of Internal Affairs show that there are 15,560 Mozambicans regis-
tered in this national state. More than 12,400 of them are being accommodated
in the Mala District, about 1,600 are registered in (Rivati), 830 in the
Giyani District, and about 700 in the (Malemulele) District. Meanwhile, the
registration campaign of the department is continuing. The chief minister of
Gazankulu, Prof Hudson Ntsanwisi, says the illegal immigrants from Mozambique
are only being allowed for humanitarian reasons and are not citizens of
Gazankulu. He said the presence of the Mozambicans was having a negative
influence on the standard of living of his people. [Text] [Johannesburg
Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 26 May 86 MB] /8918

DRILLING FQUIPMENT FOR GEOMOC--Drilling equipment valued at about 850,000
French francs hag been delivered to GEOMOC [not further expanded] in

Machava. The material, donated through a UNDP project, was presented by
Maurice Labi, chief of the Cooperation and Social Action Mission of the French
Fnbassy in Maputo. The gift was accepted by Inunsso Ibraimo, acting general
director of GEOMOC, in the presence of Engineer Lopes Pereira, national direc-
tor of water resources. Maurice Labi, who paid a lengthy visit to the GROMOC
installations, accompanied by GEOMOC engineers and officials, said it is
important to maintain close cooperation between France and Mozambique, giving
priority to development programs in Mozambique, in which France is taking part
on various fronts. He said it was highly important to encourage the drilling
of wells, because there is no life without water. "Life is impossible without
water, Plants need it. Animals, men, the great development projects--all
these must have water. So I am certain that this equipment will be put to
good use and, to the extent possible, we will continue to stand by you, sup-
porting the development projects," Maurice Labi said. In turn, Inungso
Tbraimo voiced his thanks for this gesture of solidarity, noting that this

was not the fixst shipment of material that GEOMOC had received from France.
[excerpt]:[Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 6 May 86 p 2] 6362

C80: 3442/225

71



IMF 'BLACKLIST' BLAMED FOR LACK OF FOREIGN INVESTORS

Monrovia SUNTIMES in English 22 May 86 pp 1, 6

[Article by John L. Momo]

[Text ]

The major
factor respon-
sible for sca-
ring away inve-

stors from
Liberia in
recent years

is not the pre-
vailing politi-
cal climate,
but the black-
listing of the
country by the

International
Monetary Fund
(IMF).

The Director

ef the Cabinet,,

Dr. Peter UL.
Naigow, made
the observation
on*Tuesday, at
his Executive
Mansion Office
in a press
interview with
SUNTIMES regar-

ding his recentTM

tour of Europe
from April 1

- May 6.

Dr. Naigow
revealed ‘that
the: basic
objective of

his visit was

to’ familiarize
himself with
investment
opportunities
in. Europe with
the.. hope of
tapping them
for Liberia for
which he held

discussions
with a broad
spectrum of
European
investors in
Britain, France
and West
Germany.

He said
during these
discussions,
they focused
on various

aspects of in-
vestment possi-
bilities in Li-
beria in such

areas as
mining, agri-
culture,

fishing and
joint venture
avenues with
the Liberian

Government with
regard to the
recently

32

ge5nr86r06!

JPR! 1986

2] June

LIBERIA

launched priva-

tization
scheme.

"The greatest
problem in

luring in inve-
stors from Eu-
rope and
America is the
IMF's blacklis-
ting of Liberia
due to the
country's debt
problems with
that institu-
tion", he said.

DES¥ERENCES

According to

a recent news
release from
the - National
Bank of Libe-
ria, the IMF
allocation of
special drawing
rights ‘to Libe-
ria stands at
$61,058,454 and
other liabili-
ties are
$22,721,889.

There is a cer-
tain. limit of
indebtedness

to the IMP


of ministerial
budgetary allo-
cations provi-
ded for in :the
national bud=
get," he aver-
red. .

CHALLENGE

He. said that
for this rea-
son,-extra bud-
getary allot-
ments will not

be - accepted
from any minis-—
try “unless

they meet the
approval of the
Ministry of Fi-
nance and the
Bureau of the
Budget."

He said the
purpose of this
rule is to en-
sure that funds:
are available
for whatever
extra allotment
that would be

requested by
such ministri-
es.

‘When contac-
ted, Internal
Affairs Minis-
ter Sackor ex-
pressed. surpr-
isé...over the
allegation by
the GSA - Boss,
and he chal en-

, ged him.to show
any superinten-
dent. who. had
complained, - -to
the GSA ‘about.
shortage of su-.
pplies in- his

19274:
CSO: 3400/1939

county.

. Minister Sac-
kor.+said “the
truth of .the
matter. is*.that
GSA is “unable
to supply gov-
ernment ‘minis-
tries with. nee-
ded supplies
for operational
purposes."

He said "in-
stead of talk-
ing about GSA's
inability to
cope with’ gov-
ernment . procu-
rement and sup-
plies, -he is
shifting ‘blame
to. other minis-
tries."

Minister .Sac-
kor explained
that his minis-
try. deals with
local govern-
ment and sO
there. is no way
anyone can usé
any county's
supplies in the
Capital, City.

APPEAL

"You see,
when the budget
is approved,
you hear that
Internal Affa-
irs is allotted
x number of
dollars, the
X number ‘of
dollars is dis-
tributed among
all the sub-po-
litical divi-
sions," Mr.

44

Sackor explain-
ed.

Minister Sac-
kor then asked:
"Which county
will allow you
in Monrovia to
use the much-
needed supplies
allotted in the
budget for
them?"

At the Minis-
try of Public
Works, Minister
Yudu S. Gray
was not avail-
able’ for com-
ment as autho-
rities there
said he was not
in the country.

Recently,
Grand Cape Mo-
unt County Su-
perintendent
Henry Konuwa
appealed to the
Government to
dissolve the
local branch
of the Public
Works Ministry
in his county.

Supt. Konuwa
had blamed Pub-
lic Works em-
ployees in his
county of doing
little about
development.

The employees
in turn blamed
their inability
to work on lack
of logistics
and on govern-
ment's failure
to pay them
their salaries,


JPRS«SSA~86~067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

FORCED REMOVALS OPPOSED--Cape Town, 1 Jun, SAPA—Over 100 city planners and
architects have signed a statement urging their colleagues not to take part in
any scheme to rebuild Crossorads without the full consent of the whole community
that existed there. The statement notes that the Urban Foundation withdrew its
commitment to planning the upgrading of Crossroads because it would legitimate
the violence directed against those people forced out of the area. It also
notes that a firm of professional planning consultants has allegedly agreed to
prepare alternative upgrading plans. Citing the need for ethical principles

to guide the actions of people planning and designing the environment, it
endorses a statement made by architectural students at the University of Cape
Town, calling on all architects, planners and designers: Not to participate

in any scheme for the replanning and rebuilding of Crossroads without the full
knowledge and consent of the community that existed before the outbreak of
recent violent events. To reject forced removals in any form and to add their
voices to the demand for the abolition of the Group Areas Act and the rejection
of any urbanisation policy that does not allow for the free movement of all
people. /Text/ /Johannesburg SAPA in English 1826 GMT 1 Jun 86 MB/ 12228

TUCSA OPPOSES POLICE--Johannesburg, 5 Jun, SAPA--The Trade Union Council of
South Africa (TUCSA) today stated its opposition to the draft security legisla-
tion presently before parliament which makes provision for increased detention
powers for the police of up to 180 days. In a statement by Mr J.F. Roux, acting
general secretary, TUCSA says it "reiterates its previous resolution that it is
committed to the rule of just law and regards detention without trial as being
contrary to the concept of just law." /Text/ /Johannesburg SAPA in English
1119 GMT 5 Jun 86 MB/ 12228

CSO: 3400/1921

113



Recently, Africa has been hit by almost general famine due to the nearly
general drought in the continent. The African countries, faced with common
problem, have convened extraordinary General Assembly on Africa's economic
crisis, which is scheduled to be held in New York on 27 May. It is a good
way to celebrate the OAU's 23d anniversary. Thus this important OAU meeting
will be held only 2 days after the celebration date and it will center on
Africa's economic problems.

In this way, the OAU is contributing toward implementing the principle of
South-South cooperation as recommended by the Nonaligned Movement and the
Group of 77. We want a new international economic order that will bring
about greater cooperation between developed and developing countries. How-
ever, as OAU member-countries we also recognize the need for self-sufficiency
and South-South cooperation.

Furthermore, Africa is combining efforts to solve a number of problems such
as the problem of its foreign debt. This problem will certainly be discussed
during the extraordinary session of the UN General Assembly which will be
held in New York soon. :

Another problem that is worth mentioning is the problem of refugees. It is
an important, serious, and even delicate problem as far as Africa is con-
cerned--a problem that has received great attention from the OAU in an
attempt to solve or reduce it and even to find ways of eliminating its causes.

At present, the OAU is also directing its attention to the struggle against
apartheid, which is a source of destabilization in southern Africa. The OAU
has launched a major appeal to the international community for diplomatic
and even material support for. the southern African countries neighboring
South Africa, particularly countries experiencing economic pressure from
South Africa such as our country, Lesotho, Swaziland, and so on.

Accordingly, I would say that there has been positive development and a
continuous struggle which is more visible at some times than others. There
are times when we are confronted with weaknesses and failures. However, it
is worth noting that Africa has resisted all attempts to destroy the OAU.
The OAU is a continental organization and has been continued to be strong
and firm.. Its continued existed is not due to the absence of disparities
in our political systems. It is the result of our strength and good will to
continue united, to solve our own problems in Africa, and together to face
all challenges imposed on us from outside despite our diversity.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1846

49



JPRS“SSA*86«067
27 June 1986

MALAWI

MINISTRY. ALLOCATIONS, ATTEMPTS TO RAISE REVENUE EXAMINED

Blantyre THIS IS MALAWI in English 5 May 86 pp 6, 8

~ [Text]:

The government plans to raise

_ More revenue and restrain ex-

penditure during the financial
year 1986/87, which began on
April 1 and ends on March 31st
next year.

This was the main thrust of the
Budget Statement delivered by
the Minister of Finance, Mr.
Chimwemwe Hara, which he pre-
sented to the National Assembly
on March 21,

Mr. Hara presented the Budget

Statement to outline how the
government plans to raise and
spend money during the present
financial year.

The National Assembly met in
a Budget Meeting from March 11
when His Excellency the Life
President officially opened it. The
meeting ended on April 4 when
the Ngwazi closed it.

After the opening Members
debated the Motion on the
opening address and asked a
number of questions about
problems affecting their consti-
tuencies or the country as a

whole.
Later they debated the Budget

Statement, and adopted it. They
also passed a number of Bills
including one allowing traders or
businessmen of all races to
operate in the city of Mzuzu.

45

Members also heard and
debated the report of the Public
Accounts Committee on the ex-
penditure of government money
and the report of the Auditor
General on government finances
for the financial year ending
on March 31, 1985.

in his statement, Mr. Hara said
that government planned to
realise more revenue through the
raising of surtax by five (5) per
cent. The raising of surtax came
into effect on the night of March
21/22, 1986.

Surtax is the tax that is levied
On the sale of goods and services
in the country. Some goods and
services are exempt from surtax.

At the same time the Minister
stated that the export levy on tea
and tobacco has been removed
this financial year.

The Minister did not announce
any new taxes on incomes pro-
fits.

Mr. Hara then said restraint in
the expenditure of money by the
government was necessary dur-
ing the financial year.

In looking at the country’s
economy during this financial
year, the Minister said there were
bright prospects since the rains
were good this growing season
unlike in 1985/86 season.



CATEGORIZATION OF 1985 IMPORTED GOODS

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 12 May 86 p 1

[Article by Roseline Umesi]

[Text]

IGERIA imported
goods and services.
‘worth N7.2 billion in
1985. According to the
Exchange Control De-

partment of the Central
Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

And out of this, a total
of N5.2 billion was spent
on visible imports 2y both
the private and public
sectors of the economy,
while N2 billion was spent
on - invisible imports.
However the figuré for
debt services was not
included.

According to the
disbursement figures,
the private sector
accounted for 43.9 billion.
When further broken
down, a total of W1.4
billion was spent on raw
materials; 1.2 billion om
machinery, spare parts
and completely Knocked
Down Parts (CKD). Also a
total of 4380.8 million was,
spent on importation of
food, while 4943.6 million
was spent on importation
of general merchandise.

74

The statistis also indicated
that 41.2 billion was spent by
the public sector. The break-
down of how the N2 billion’
spent on invisible items was:
done, were not given.
However, there are many
‘items which make up invisible
imports and such items
include Basic Travelling
Allowance (BTA), educa-
tional disbursement for
Nigerians schooling abroad,
foreign exchange transfer by
foreign airlines, insurance
‘payment transfer and varioud
exchange transfers
associated with service
industry © and — other
government transfers sich as
debt repayment.

It could be remembered.
that the 1985 budget
projected to disburse W@
billion on both visible ant
invisible imports. The 198:
budget also preiected to
spend a total of 3.5 billion
on loan repayment. The 1985
budget projected a totai of
"3.2 billion for the
‘importation of visible goods.
while a sum of 4.1 billion’
was projected to be spent on
invisible goods. Foreign
exchange earning for 1985
was projected at 8.024
billion.

JPRS«Ssange
“0
27 June 1986 °”

NIGERIA


KAUNDA SPEAKS ON NATION'S. FUTURE,: WILLINGNESS TO STEP DOWN

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 19 May 86 p 1

{Text ]

PRESIDENT. Kaunda yesterday reiterated his
readiness to step down should: the people. of
Zambia ask him to do so because he is not in-

dispensable.

He said the achievements
which Zambia had made so
far had been through collec-
tive efforts and that God
alone would choose «his
successor.

Speaking in an interview
with Ms Monique Mas of
Radio France International
at State House, ‘the Presi-
dent said:

“I am not indispensable.
All the achievements have
been done through collec-
tive efforts and when time
comes when Zambiaris will
ask me to step down I will
willingly do so. Even in the
event of my death, God will
still choose the successor.’*

On the economic front,
Dr Kaunda admitted that a
cardinal mistake was com-
mitted when the Govern-

.Ment subsidised con-
sumption for a long time,
thereby delaying the diver-
sification programme.

He said the’ situation
worsened with the falling
copper prices and rises in
fuel costs, but he was still
optimistic about Zambia’s
bright future.

19274
csO: 3400/1876

“The future of Zambia 1s
bright despite the harsh
economic period. we are

going through.” The period |

is giving us good lessons
which we are taking seri-
ously and’we are going to
pass through it because we
are a united nation,’’ Presi-
dent Kaunda said.

He defended t the, auction-
ing of for exchange,
saying it was clear that once
the ‘measures -started to
work in the end Zambia
would have a good begin-
ning.

Asked whether . the
current high cost of living
would bring about political
instability,.Dr Kaunda said
whatever ‘actions taken by
the Government were ex~
plained to. the people first
thoroughly.

“The people, of Zambia
rule themselves. We explain
everything we do to ¢l
You don’t take God's
people for granted. The
auction is now our system
but in the.end we will have
made a good start,” he
said.

: The President admitted
that Zambia was currently

*'84

JPRS*SSA*86«067

27 June 1986

ZAMBLA

trading .with racist South
Alrica seriously because the
colonialists had’ tied Zam-
bia to Pretoria which they
had made their second
home...

But measures were being
taken to build’ industries
and develop communica-
tions within the Southern
African Development Co-
ordination Conference ©
(SADCC) and the Preferen-
tial Trade Area (PTA) to
reduce dependence on Pre-
toria.

On the: French business-
men visiting Zambia, the
President appealed to them
to invest in Zambia because
the potential for business
was great. :

“It is my hope that when
they go back to France,
they. should be able to tell
their friends to come to

imbia There are opportu-
nities in mines, agriculture
and many others for invest-
ment and assist us in deve-
loping,”’ Dr Kaunda said.

He said the tendency
where former colonial mas-
ters were only interested in
investing in their former
colonies should be discour-
aged.


LEBANESE CULTURAL UNION ELECTS NEW OFFICERS

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 23 May 86 p 7

[Text ]

The newly-elected
President of the World
Lebanese Cultural Un-
ion in Liberia, Mr.
Abass A. Fawaz, . has
said that his adminis—
tration would give
priority to fostering
more cordial and bene-
ficial ties between
members of the uni.
and. Liberians.

Mr. Fawaz said he
would also encourage
Lebanese’ businessmen
in’ the country to par-
ticipate in developing
programs. in their res—
pective areas of ope-
ration, adding, "in
this light, Lebanese
in Liberia would . be
involved in the simul-
taneous development of
the country". .

.Mr. Fawaz was speak-

ing here recently fol+ .

lowing his election to

19274

CSO: 3400/1942

the sidency: of the
Lebanese Cultural
Union at the Cedar
Club here.

He cited health and
education as areas of
development in which
he wou.d encourage Le~-
panese participation.

Mr. Fawaz described
his e.ection as a ma-
nifestation of the
unity and. brotherhood
existing among Leba-

.nese in. Liberia.

He hoped all
Lebanese can learn a
lesson from the expe-
rience of the Lebanese
community in Liberia
in uniting to stop the
war for the develop-
ment of their country,
Lebanon.

Mr. Fawaz then com—
mended the outgoing
President of the union,
Mr. Raef A. Fadel, for

39

JPRS*S8A-86~067
27 June 1986

LIBERIA
the able manner in
which he carried on

the affairs of
unton in spite of 4
ficulties.



DROUGHT RAVAGES LEBOWA

JPRSSSA+86+067

27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 26 May 86 p 7

[Article by Sophie Tema]

[Text]

/12379
cso:

DROUGHT and unemployment has im-
posed a’norm of abject poverty on

ebowa, bringing some of the villages to
the brink of disaster.

Ravaged by unbroken drought,
Lebowa is the government-designated
homeland for thousands of unemployed
North Sotho people who live with the

ever-present threat of starvation and |

who rely on feeding schemes for surviv- «

al.

Violence and job lay-offs — combined
with the drought that has devastated
most of the agzvicultural land — are
expected to exacerbate the already
critical malnutrition rate among young
children.

Operation Hunger has started a mas-
sive feeding scheme to tackle the crisis.

In Lebowa alone the scheme is feeding
about 180 090 people and is also involved
in running self-help development pro-
jects.

Since 1983 the scheme has fed about
700 000 people in the rural areas.

This week a spokesman for the De-

artment of Welfare Services in.

bowa, said: “The rate of malnourished
children and even aged people in
Lebowa has not diminished and we are
definitely expecting an increase in
disease since thousands of our people
have been affected by retrenchments
and drought.

“Another factor is that no food deliv-
eries have been made in these areas
since unrest erupted. Most of the people
have run out of food and many depend on
the soup ratign provided by Operation
Hunger.” ne

3400/1866

109

Between 1983 and 1984, about 250 000
people — mostly farm labourers from
the maize industry — were affected by
lay-offs.

Since the drought, people have lost
large numbers of their fivestock and
have been unable to grow their own
crops.

Although there was rain in some areas
during the summer months, for many
the rains came too late to save the nor-
mal crop. Operation Hunger has, mean-
while, encouraged people to grow
drought-resistant crops such as sor-
ghum.

Most areas depend on boreholes for
their water supply but many have
stopped operating ‘after deliveries of
diesel ofl in unrest areas stopped.

For their water supply people in vil-
Tages like Ngoabe, Maepa and many
others depend on cholera-infested riv-
e

rs.

Operation Hunger’s executive direc-
tor Ina Perlman said the scheme will
heed R12m to feed the hundreds of thou-
sands of blacks in the rural areas.

Perlman said there were about 2,9-
million children under 15 who were be-
low the international height-weight-age
standard and who suffered from clinical
malnutrition.

Faced by Lebowa’s ailing economic
structure, Chief Minister CN Phatudi
has threatened to hand Lebowa back to
South Africa unless more finance is
made available to run the country.



JPRS-SSA-86-067
27 JUNE 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Soviet Agricultural Assistance Detailed
(Fernando Gil Evora; AFRICA, 30 Apr-13 May 86) wececeeeeeee

ANGOLA

Oil Minister Discusses Backing OPEC To Steady Market
(AFP, 9 Jun 86) cescccsececevcecccencccssceeneres

Measures To Improve Supply of Goods Debated
(Fernando Raimundo; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 18 Apr 86) 66

Journalists’ Delegation Visits Moscow
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 23 Apr 86) ..++-

Details of Economic Cooperation With Yugoslavia Given
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 24 Apr 86) seeseeeeecere

Briefs
Cabinda Front Denounces UNITA Operations
Trade With Portugal
ETHIOPIA

Briefs
Soviet Grant for Dam Construction

GHANA

Tsatsu Tsikata Addresses Foreign Ministry on Role, Attitudes
(GHANAIAN TIMES, 8 May 86) ..ccecsesecceccsceccccccserceess

Teachers Support Plan To Cut Required Schooling
(Kojo Sam; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 3 May 86) weeccececccece

10

12

13

14

15



NEED FOR ANOTHER GOLD ORE PLANT UNDER DISCUSSION

Harare THE HERALD in English 23 May 86 p 1

[Text ]

THE Kwekwe roasting
plant for refractory gold
ore j9 being expanded,
but a major question
mark hangs over whether
Zimbabwe has enough ore
reserves to Warrant fur-
ther expansion.

This was one of the
major points to emerge
from debate on three
motions on problems fac-
ing the mining industry
at yesterday's Chamber
of Mines anriual general
meeting in Harare.

Delegates said that the
two roasters at the plant
were unable to meet out-
put by the mines, Al-
though the decision by
the Government to con-
struct a third roaster
‘was welcome, the two old!
roasterg needed rehabili-'
tation and this, together;
with pollution control
problems, made it unlike-
ly that all roasters would
be in operation at the
game time, resulting in
further stockpiles of con-
centrate.

The days of rich, easi-
ly extractable ores were
a thing of the past and
the future of the gold

19274
cso: 3400/1719

mining industry lay in
exploiting the remaining

Jow grade ore.
The delegates stressed

that producets would not ©

Increase production unless
concentrates delivered to
the plant could be quickly
treated, and there had al-
ready been a steady re-
duction in the production
of ores,

‘The Minister of Mines,
Cde Richard Hove, said
he was aware of the con-
cern of the mining indus-
try on this issue. Tenders
had already been sent to

Britain for electrostatic °

precipitators for the new

at Kwekwe and
he hoped that it would be
commissioned before the
end of the year.

But ‘this would only be
a short-term solution to
the problem, and he asked
whether Zimbabwe had
enough ore reserves to
justify the building. of
another plant. The minin-
try was collecting data on
this issue, but he sugges-
ted that large producers
should examine the pos-
sibility of building a
roaster in co-operation
with the Government,

The secon@ motion
dealt with rapidly increas-

102

JPRS“SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

ing operating costs in tha
industry, which were
forcing gold. miners to
mine higher grade ores to
remain’ vioble, .This ws
not only wasteful but
would shorten the life of °
mines,

abs third and last
moattoy dealt with the
shortage of forelgn ex-
change. .



However, the results obtained this season in N'Timangau are identical to those
throughout the district: of Changara, due to the destruction caused by birds.
Like the people in the seat of the Changara district, the peasants in
N'Timangau will continue to need emergency aid in order to cope with the
critical situation created by the attacks of passerine species,

The peasants are also faced with the problem of finding sufficient seed for
the second season crops, truck garden vegetables in particular, including
onions, garlic and others.

The locality of N'Timangau, like all of the vast Changara district, produces
basically dwarf sorghum, corn, peanuts and other crops. The soil conditions
also make the growing of tobacco’ possible, but this crop is still exclusively
limited to the family sector.

Dietary Improvement

Another of the activities of the Rural Development Project currently under way
in N'Timangau is the implementation of a massive dietary improvement program,
which necessarily involves completion of the vaccination campaign.

This program is oriented mainly toward the infant population, and within that
category, those who have suffered most from the effects of the food shortage
which reached its most critical point in 1983.

The nutritional rehabilitation program also includes providing foods which are
better sources of energy. These are being distributed regularly to the
population seriously effected by the starvation resulting from the prolonged
drought. :

According to Kamuzu Basselemo Bene, one of the field officials we met in
N'Timangau, this locality has benefited from support reflecting international
solidarity, which has resulted in the regular dispatch of substantial
quantities of basic food aid.

The solidarity of the international community is not limited to gifts of food

for consumption, but has also contributed to reducing the shortage of
clothing, which was another of the serious problems faced by the population in

this region.
Expanded Health Network

The efforts currently being made in the social sector in the locality of
N'Timangau also include expansion of the health network in the region.

Data obtained by our reporter indicate that two health stations in Nachinanga
and Kaomba have been remodeled, the latter having begun operation last April.

In the seat of N'Timangau itself, plans for this year also call for the
expansion of the local health station, which will be upgraded from a modest

but operational childbirth center,

62



JPRS*$544864067
27 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

FOREIGN MINISTER CHISSANO DISCUSSES OAU
MB261135 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1100 GMT 25 May 86

[Speech by Mozambican Foreign Minister Joaquim Chissano, on the occasion of
the 23d Anniversary of the OAU on 24 May; place not given--recorded]

[Text] The OAU was created in 1963. If we look at a map of Africa in 1963
and compare it to the current map of Africa, we will see that the OAU's
fundamental role since its inception has been almost completely positive.
Its objectives have been almost completely achieved, namely the liberation
of nearly every country that was under colonial domination.

The only objectives which have not been achieved yet are the liberation of
Namibia, the elimination of the apartheid system by bringing real democracy
to South Africa, and the elimination of colonialism in the Western Sahara.

With these exceptions, the OAU has carried out great work. We also know
that the OAU Liberation Committee was also created in 1963, and that it has
coordinated Africa's support for the national liberation struggles.

Zimbabwe was the last country to be liberated. This occurred in 1980 which
was not so long ago. So, after, let us say, 1980 or even slightly before
that, after Mozambique's independence in 1975--a number of countries gained
independence together with Mozambique in 1975--Africa began thinking about
the second half of its objectives; that is, its economic development.

In that context, we saw the development of various forms of cooperation in
Africa in an attempt to solve economic problems together. Obviously we are
still feeling our way in order to find the best means. We know that a
meeting was held in Lagos, an extraordinary summit which centered on this
issue, and that has borne some fruit. Furthermore, various regional organiza-
tions have been created.

In southern Africa's case: _SADCC was developed. This organization is made
up of nine countries. There are other organizations which also deal with
cooperation issues in west Africa, north Africa, and east Africa, and these
are also bearing fruit.

48



JPRS«SSA*86*067

27 June 1986

MUGABE ANNOUNCES PLANS FOR STATE TRADING CORPORATION

Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 18 May 86 p 2

{Text ]

19274
cso:

MUTARE.

PLANS 1o establish
a State Trading Cor-
poration for the
achievement of State
participation in the
commercial field are
now. well advanced,
the Prime Minister,
Cde Mugabe, has said.

Addressing the 1986
Zimbabwe Nattonal
Chamber of Commerce
annual meeting at the
Queens Hall Mutare
last week, Cde Mugabe
sald the corporation would
be empowered to under-
take both export and im-
port transactions and will

involved in the procure-
ment of goods and com-
modities from both locat
and overseag suppliers,
and their subsequent dis-
tribution on the local mar-

Tt will also be parti-
cularly concerned with
bilateral trading arrange-
mentg with other countries
which. operate through

3400/1719

similar —_ state
organjsations.
Cde Mugabe was ad-
dregsing the ZNCC for the
first time since the for.
mation of the organisation,
“In the import field, the
state trading corporation
will concern itself with the
importation of —com-
modities where compet!-
tive and economic prices
are possible through bulk
procurement and shipping.
It will also be concerned
with importation of com.
modities in ghort supply
which are essential to the
economy, e8) ly those
which ‘constitute neces-
sary inputs to the produc-
tion process,” he .
‘Cde Mugabe sald it was
vital that the women took
part fully in community
development projects
around the country along-
side their menfolk be-
cause without thelr partl-
cipation, Zimbabwe could
not make headway as &

nation,

‘He reiterated that the
Government did not con-
aider profit ogo dirty
word, Time and time
again, the Government
has pointed out that it
does not consider profit

trading

97

ito be a dirty word, We
recognise the necessity
of producing a surplus to
be used for re-investment
and for the renumeration
of the investor, he satd.

The Prime Minister
said the Government was
disappointed by the con-
duct of some importers
who engaged in unethical
and ilegal business prac-
tiees by selling import
eences to other impor-
ters or reverting to other
irregular and dishonest
practices,

He called for greater
co-operation between the
private and the public
sectors, saying. that this
would help realise the
quest for a better Zim-
babwe. He called upon
the ZNCC to assist in the
fulfilment of the targets
and objectives of the re-
cently published 5-year
National Development
Plan.

On agriculture, he said
there was still much to
be done, “We have not
yet exhausted ourselves
in Agriculture, There are
fields we have not yet
ventured into,” Cde Mu-
Babe said.

ZIMBABWE



And the Discontent Grows

The difficulties in Guinea are meanwhile increasing, and the discontent is
growing. Following an alleged coup attempt led by Vitor Saude Maria, another
movement took form and spread behind the scenes, reportedly on the initiative
of Paulo Correia--former vice president of the Council of State--who is one
of the "uncorrupted" officials of the regime and who, incidentally, appears to
have gathered around him many Balante who feel they are responsible for the
success of the struggle waged by the PAIGC.

Nino Vieira became aware of what was going on, apparently on the basis of
intelligence communicated to him from various sources, including elements.
linked to the Soviet and Cuban diplomatic circles in Bissau. He reacted with
such composure, however, that he was able~-months after the initial rumors-~-
to take by surprise a meeting of conspirators being held in the house of one
of his most immediate associates at which a number of high-ranking military
officers were present. . The president--who personally took.part in this
action, accompanied by armed military personnel--left the following day on his
previously scheduled trip to the United States, without having ordered any
action to be taken against Paulo Correia. It was on his return from this trip
that he ordered Correia's arrest, based on confessions obtained in the form of
statements by the other coup plotters.

It is not known exactly how many persons have been imprisoned, but they are
believed to number several tens. Nothing whatever is known concerning the
accusations against them, however, because the authorities in charge of secur-
ity are maintaining the greatest secrecy on the subject, and also because the
investigations and inquiries have not yet been completed.

In addition to the Paulo Correia group, former prime minister Vitor Saude
Maria has also been deprived of his freedom. Accused of attempting to destabi-
lize the regime, he took refuge in the Portuguese embassy because he feared
arrest. He later took up residence in Bissau and subsequently in Quinhamel
before being sent--only very recently--to a small town in the southern part of
the country.

Nino Vieira--who is currently in Europe on official business--has now become
the last of the "historic figures" of the PAIGC in a position of authority.
He has removed all the others--and some of them have already ceased, defini-
tively and radically, to be a threat to challenge him for any office or func-
tion. : °

10992
CSO: 3442/227

22



JPRS-S8A~86-06 7
27 June 1986

GHANA

JAPAN TO ASSIST IN ROAD MAINTENANCE
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 10 May 86 p 1 7

[Article by Adwoa Van-Ess]

[Text] - “ost

JAPAN is to provide a The consignment, vas

loan for the rehabili- lued at 1.5 million yen

tation project of the (810,000) is the third -
Yamoransa-Kumasi presented to the Autho-

road and also partici- rity by the Japanese Go-

pate in the Special vernment since 1982.

Joint Financing of the Mr Arichi hoped it will

World Bank Road help in the effective re-
Maintenance Project. habilitation and impro-

This is aimed at ex-

h ; vement of roads and
tending the technical co-

highways in the country.

operation agreement Major (rtd) Abraham
between Japan and Gha- Sam, Under Secretary
na as the former's con- for Roads and Highways,

tribution towards the

Economie Recovery Pro. who received the items,

said the presentation is

gramme through the im- a manifestation of the
provement of roads and goodwill existing betwe-
highways. en the two counttries.
This was announced He said the equipment
by Mr Kuzuaki Arichi will go a long way to help

Japanese Ambassador in

make a significant im-
Ghana, when he present- 8

pact on road maintenan-

od 243 pieces of survey ce work in ithe country.

i n Major Sam commend-
the Ghana Highway ed Mr Kenichi Take. a
Authority (GHA) in Ac: Japanese expert attach-
cra yesterday. ed to the GHA through

whose effort the equip-
ment were donated and
hoped it will help the
personnel of the Survey
and Design Division of
the GHA to improve on
efficiency.

He therefore assured
the donors that they wili

/13046 be put to very good use.

cso: 3400/1855

18



JPRS“SSA=86 «067

27 June 1986

MINISTER DISCUSSES MINERALS, METALS INDUSTRY PROSPECTS

Harare THE HERALD in English 23 May 86 p 1

{Text ]

19274
cso:

_inineral

THE uncertain, world
market facing -minerals
and metals emphasises
the urgency and. im-
portance of establishing
tertiary industries. to
make better use of them
within the country, the
Minister of Mines, Cde
Richard Hove, © said
yesterday.

‘Opening the 47th an-
nual meeting of the

Chamber of Mines im,

‘Harare Cde
that Zimbabwe's de-
pendence on world
and metal
market conditions left it
in, “somewhat precarious
condition”.

“The recent collapse of
the tin market, which has
drastically affectea the
operations of . Kamativi,

e threats to our
lithium, _growing . metal
and mineral trade pro-
tectionism in the United
States, the European
Economie Community
and the antl-asbestos
camprign are very good
examples,”

As a result, " the
recently releaged Five
Year Development Plan
emphasised the meed for
oth the promotion of
new Industries ang the
expansion of existing

3400/1719

. totalled a reco:

mining operations.

The output and’ in-
veetment targets set by
the . plan indicated © the
need for a, “significant”
re-orlentation by the min-
ing industry, and he Pe
eved “we could develo}
even further in the ter-
tlary sector to produce
‘yefractory products wider
ang more specialised:
alloys, nickel and copper

ucts,’ coal products,
tin products and so forth.”

Although the value of
all minerals — produced
$629,65
willion last year, or. 15

percent higher than in
1984, there was now a
‘world oversupply of most
‘minerals and metals pro~
duced in Zimbabwe, and
it appeared there would
rich Sie nae
prices this year, possibly
picking up ezaln next
year.

Dealing with the con-
streints placed on the in-
dustry by tho shortage of
foreign exchange, he as-
sured delegates his minis-
try was doing all it could
to ensure that the mining
sector recelved its fair

101

hare.

But greater wse would
probatily have to he made
of barter deals to procure
spares and machinery
and he urged miners to
overcome their  “con-
sumer resistance” to new
sources of supply, sug-
gesting that they could
even latinch trade mis-
sions to investigate new
sources.

In a bid to streamline
the mining industry and
ensure that it met
national ‘objectives, Cde
Hove said “his ministry
was preparing amend-.
ments to the Mines and
Mirerals Act, which’
would be oprenentea to
Parliament shortly.

de Hove stressed the
willingness of the
Government to. support
the ‘industry, and called
on the delegates to be as
open and candid with the
Government as it was
with them.

“I sometimes find that
miners are far too con-
servetive,.I don't know
why they want to keep a
low profile, but T get the
impression thst they are
not transparent enough
and have 4 suspicion that
when the Goverment calls
for information, it is spy-
ing on them,” he sald.

ZIMBABWE



DOE SUPPORTS PEACEFUL SOLUTION IN KAMPUCHEA

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 23 May 86 pp 1, 6

{Text ]

The President, Dr.
Samuel Kanyon Doe has
said that Liberia will
support any United Na-
tions. resolution that
will lead to the
peaceful settlement
of thé Kampuchean pro-
blem.

Dr. Doe said Libe-
ria believes in the
right of self determi-
nation of the Kampu-
chean people and
mentioned that he
would ‘cooperate with
other world leaders
to work assiduously
for ‘the attainment of
peace and stability
in that country.

According’ to Presi-
dential Press Secre-
tary Patrick E. Kug-
meh, the Liberian
Leader made the
remarks yesterday when
the visiting Democra-
tic Kampuchean Vice
President Mr. Khieu
Samphan paid a courte-
sy call on him at his
Executive Mansion of-
fice.

Earlier, Vice Presi-
dent Sampphan told Dr.
Doe that he was

pleaséd to be in Libe-
ria and informed him
that ‘his mission to
several African coun-
tries, including Libe-
ria, was to acquaint
the proper authorities
of those nations with
the peace plan of the
international commit-
tee of Kampuchea and
at the same time soli-
cit their support for
its implementation.

Vice President Sam-
phan further told Dr.
Doe that as a sincere
commitment on the part,
of his government to-
ward this endeavor,
his government is pre-
pared to accept condi-
tions which will bring.
about a lasting peace
and stability to the
region.

Vice President Sam-
phan was accompanied
‘to the Executive Man-
sion by Foreign Mini-
ster Dr. J. Bernard
Blamo.

In a related deve+
lopment, the visiting
Kampuchean Vice Presi-:
dent and his delega-
tion yesterday held

30

JPRS“SSA*86+067

27 June 1986

LIBERIA

discussions with the
chairman and members
of ‘the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee
at the Capitol here:

Speaking during the
meeting, the chairman
of the committee,
Grand Cape Mount
County Senator
Tambakai A. Jangaba,
welcomed the Kampu-
chean delegation to
the Capitol, and wish-
ed thém an “enjoyable
stay" in Liberia.

Senator Jangaba told
the delegation that
the Senate Committee
supports "the eight-
point peace proposal’
adopted by the Kampu-
chean government to
bring about "political
settlement" -in that
south-East Asian coun-
try.

The Foreign Rela-
tions Committee Chair-
man said Liberia at-
taches a "great deal"
to its rélations with
Democratic . Kampuchéa,
and noted: ¢that,.thé two
countries ‘share ‘the
"common aspiration"
for -world peace,’ har-


JPRS«SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

SOWETO DEFENSE URGED--The Soweto Civic Association (SCA) has called on
residents to form street and defence committees to protect themselves against
vigilante attacks. At a Press conference yesterday, the Rev Frank Chikane, a
prominent theologian, accused the Government of permitting the attacks “to
force people into submission". Over the past three months, he said, Soweto
residents had been attacked by the army, the police, hit squads and gangsters.
Yesterday a woman was killed and two people were seriously injured when eight
homes belonging to activists were attacked in Thokoza and Katlehong on the East
Rand. This brings to seven the number of people who have died in anti-activist
attacks in the past fortnight. [By Maud Motanyane] [Text] [Johannesburg

THE SOWETAN in English 29 May 86 p 1] /12379

cso: 3400/1866

lil



JPRS*SSA~86~+067
27 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

PAPER REVIEWS BACKGROUND OF MNR LEADER
MB230950 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 22 May 86 p 26

[Excerpts] Casa Banana--Afonso Mecacho Marisseta Dhlakama is a relaxed man
who measures his every word. -

Dhlakama speaks in correct, if accented and slow, Portuguese and says he
regrets not having time to improve his English. coat

"But he is learning quickly and lately has been making good progress..." says
Vicente Ululu, who heads MNR's Education Department and who is Dhlakama's

private teacher.

With a deep interest in geography and history, Dhlakama listens intently to
foreign radio broadcasts, even though the Casa Banana base has a radio moni-
toring service which works around the clock and which could provide him with
transcripts of news and current’ affairs broadcasts.

Not very tall at 1.70 m, Dhlakama looks shy and diffident, but his eyes
shine brightly, his voice is serious and his demeanour determined. There
seems little doubt he is the force behind "the struggle against Frelimo,
against Samora Machel's policies, against communism." ‘

The son of Chief Mangunde, of Chibababva in Sofala Province, Dhlakama studied
at a mission school in Sobue, Tete Province. Later he went to Beira where
he attended the Industrial and Commercial High School Freire de Andrade after
which he joined the Portuguese Army.

He deserted in 1972 and went to Tanzania to join Frelimo.

"Those were hard times," he says with a slight touch of nostalgia in his
words.

"During those times Eduardo Mondlane's spirit was still alive even though
some Frelimo members wanted to kill it."

By 1973 he had become a Frelimo company commander. in Guenguere. A year
later, after the Portuguese coup d'etat on April 25, he joined the adminis-
trative section of Frelimo and was sent to Beira and from there to what was
then Lourenco Marques. :

54



‘JPRS“SSA*86-067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

MRS SISULU URGES WOMEN TO UNITE AGAINST VIOLENCE
MB030508 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1926 GMT 2 Jun 86

/Text/ Cape Town, 2 June, SAPA--South African women can end the growing spiral
of violence in the country by joining together and demanding that the government
stop the senseless killings of our children, UDF {United Democratic Front/
national president, Mrs Albertina Sisulu, told a meeting of 1,000 students

and academics at UCT /University of Cape Town/ today.

Mrs Sisulu, who launched the university's centenary of women programme in
Jameson Hall, called on women of all races to protest against the brutal slaying
of their children and to demonstrate their strength and unity by marching on
Pretoria, as they did in 1956 when pass laws were extended to black women.

No self-respecting women-~no matter what her race--can stand aside and say she
is not involved in the struggle for the liberation of herself, her children and

her country. .

The government sought to divide women through apartheid, while using its security
forces and vigilantes to kill their children, she said. .

If we remain silent, we are condoning the brutality that is taking place.

Mrs Sisulu said many white women were not politically active because they did
not feel threatened by the growing violence in the townships.

I must warn you: It can happen to you tomorrow: as it happens to me today.

But the women of South Africa have a chance of contributing to peace by aligning
themselves with the democratic movement in the country,

She said it was not easy for blacks to reach out to white South Africans for
comradeship at this point in history.

But I do so because I think it is extremely important for the future of the
country, I have deeply-held belief in the importance of white participation
in the struggle, she said.

The crisis has no colour.
/12228

cso: 3400/1904
108



UMAR CALLS FOR MILITARY FOR NYSC MEMBERS

JPRS“SSA*86*067
June 1986

27

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 13 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Article by Sani Babadoko and Suleiman Gambari]

[Text]

/13046
cso:

GOVERNOR of Kaduna State,
Lt.-Colonel Abubakar Umar, has
again called for the introduction
of military training in the Na-
tional Youth Service Corps
(NYSC) programme.

He said at the opening of the
Kaduna State Corpers ‘‘Maiden
Week” in a speech read by the
Commissioner for Youth, Social
Development, Arts and Culture,
Alhaji Mohammadu Makarfi,
that the introduction of military
training would inculcate
discipline in our youth.

He said it would also serve
towards the creation of a national
military reserve.

Governor Abubakar Umar
commended the corpers for their
foresight and the humane gesture
in launching the 250,000 Naira ap-

peal fund in aid of motherless: .

bies homes. .

Governor. Umar also com-
mended the corpers for the pro-
jects executed during their com-
munity developrgent programme
which, the said, were vital to the
general socio-economic develop-
ment of the state. -

The NYSC Director, Colonel

Edet Akpan, whose address was;

read by the Assistant Director for
Finance and Administration, Mr.
S.G. Gukun, seized the opportuni-
ty to express his gratitude to
employers of corps members in
the state and hoped these efforts
would be increased to reduce the
level of graduate unemployment.

“While appreciating the fact

3400/1958

72

that our economy is bad, we must
also consider the plight of youth
and encourage them to.give us
their contribution in the struggle
to revamp the economy,” he add-

Colonel] Akpan said over the
years the NYSC members had
me guardians of the nation's
conscience, adding that “‘our goal,
since the inception of the scheme
has been to produce a dedicated,
disciplined and conscientious
youth who will always be ready to
‘sacrifice for the development of
the nation.”

‘Phe Kaduna State Chairman of
the NYSC, Alhaji Sani Dangaji,
said the NYSC community
development schemes in the state
shad executed about 251 projects
worth three million Naira since
'the inception of the programme
in 1973, *

Alhaji Sani said with adequate
infrastructural facilities, the
scheme could do more than it had’
done so far:

He said the NYSC, farming
scheme could transform Nigeria
from its present status into a food
exporting country.

bout 6,000 Naira was collected
at the occasion.

NIGERIA


A. The retirement of some civil servants and employees of public enterprises
who have put in 25 years service. During their retirement period, they will
receive a full pension equal to 30 years. of service and a voluntary retirement
award equal to 5 years pay as the secretary of state for trade to review existing
mechanisms in order to come but with more proposals aimed at preserving the
interests of the citizens. The meeting also fixed the new prices for rice and
gasoline in the following order, beginning 1 June 1986.

B. The price of a kilogram of rice has been increased from 80 Guinean francs
to 100 Guinea francs in Conakry. The price has been increased from 120 Guinean
francs to 130 Guinea francs in the interior of the country.

C. The price of gasoline is hereby increased from 115 Guinean francs per liter
to 140 Guinean francs in Conakry. It is increased from 115 Guinean francs to
160 Guinean francs in the interior of the country.

D. Public transport fares. Consequent to the increase in the price of gasoline,
transport fares in Conakry have been increased from 40 to 50 Guinean francs.

A communique from the office of the secretary of state for transport will
determine the modalities for the implementation of these new fares.

/12228
csO: 3400/1881

24



KAUNDA PRAISES ARMED FORCES, PRESENTS MEDALS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 26 May 86 p 1

(Text ]

19274
cso:

PRESIDENT Kaunda yesterday ordered the
public to stop demoralising the defence force by
making unfounded complaints against soldiers.

He said the defence force
was the backbone of peace
and security in any nation
and needed every
encouragement to execute
its task,

Sneaking at Lusaka’s
Arakan Barracks when’ he.
awarded medals to 80 army
and airforce officers who
have rendered distinguish-
ed service, Dr. Kaunda
said it was, high time false
accusations against soldiers
came to an end.

“Tl appeal to these dear
brothers and sisters’ that
as a nation, we must not
demoralise the very people
who protect us. We must
show appreciation to the
officers and all fighters who
have to spend sleepless
nights, often away from the
comfort of their homes and
families to protect our hard.
won Independence and
freedom which all Zam-
bians as well as non-
Zambians are now enjoy-
ing.”*

Without elaborating on
the nature of allegations,
the President said some
members of the public had
blamed the defence force
for ‘some unfortunate
happenings in the nation.”

Some complaints had
been aired on popular radio
programmes like ‘‘ka-
busha”’ and when authori-
ties checked to verify the
reports, it was discovered
that the complaints were
actually unfounded.

3400/1879

The public should only
complain when they had
genuine grievances. ‘‘Ge-
nuine complaints are most
welcome. But complaints
based on half truths or
down-right lies, are certain-
ly not welcome.”

The President reminded
the officers that theirs was
a diffjcult and at times
“‘even‘a thankless task.""

Zambian soldiers should
remain vigilant in view of
the threat posed by apart-
heid South Africa which
was also illegally occupying
Namibia.

“We must continue to
support them (oppressed
people) in the struggle to
free themselves. We must
do this despite the attacks
from South Africa.” -

But he explained that
Zambian soldiers would not
march to Pretoria, nor
would Zambia declare war
on South Africa. The coun-
try would stand ready to
defend itself from ‘Pre-
toria’s aggression.

Although South Africa
was a strong and ruthless
enemy, she could not force
Zambia to abandon her
support for .the African
National Congress and the
South-West Africa People’s
Organisation (SWAPO),

‘omparing South Afri:
ca’s military might to Zam-
bia’s, the President said:
“History tells us that
David. ‘a small and frail
man, defeated Goliath who

90

JPRS«SSA~86«067

27 June 1986

was a very big and con-
fident man.””

He was optimistic that

Zambia could achieve a
similar feat if the nation
was united and disciplined.

Zambia was proud of her .

citizens’ who had died
during the liberation
wars and he congratulated
the defence force for its
contribution in the: fight
for freedom.

Among recipients of the
medals were three former
commanders of the then
combined Zambia National
Defence Force — General
Kingsley Chinkuli, now
Minister of Agriculture and
Water Development,
Lieutenant-General _ Peter
Zuze, how high ¢ommis-
sioner to Britain, and Lt
Gen Benjamin Mibenge,
now ambassador to Ethio-

Pia.

Others were Defence
Minister Gen Malimba
Masheke, army —_com-

mander Lt Gen Christon
Tembo, Namboard -general
manager Major-General
Charles Nyirenda, airforce
commander Major-General
Hannaniah Lungu, Major-
General Garry Kalenge,
minister ot State for Power,
Transport and Communi.
cation __ Brigadier-General
Enos Haimbe, Brig-Gen
Martin Simbule, Zambia
National Service com-
mandant Brig-Gen Thom
Fara and many others.

__ It was the first military
investiture ceremony.
Some officers who are not
based in Lusaka would
receive their medals
through provincial mem-
bers of the Central Commiit-
tee, Dr Kaunda said.

ZAMBIA



time satisfy a certain "snobbism" on the part of the Soviets. Lastly, in

the area of crop protection, the USSR has centered its’ attention primarily on
» thei neighboring countries, where problems of disease in crops and animals can

have repercussions in its own agriculture.” ;
As for the projects that are upstream and downstream from agriculture, the
USSR has made a special effort to develop the production of seeds as a way to
improve crop yields. For the most part, this has turned out to be a practical
means of developing agriculture; these countries are subsequently urged to
promote their exports, for this aspect is ultimately of greater economic
interest for the USSR.

We should, however, also include the Soviet participation in the construction
of complexes for the storage of cereal grains, and the creation of numerous
technical institutes destined for the training of local technical experts in
the: fields of agriculture and veterinary medicine.

What Results?

It is undeniably difficult to know precisely and objectively the results of
the USSR's agricultural assistance projects in the countries of the Third
World. The information that is published is always accompanied by a certain
number of political considerations that frequently cannot be evaluated. But
even though we can speak of economic aid, the total value of this aid is small
poth in absolute and in relative terms compared to all other aid granted by
the USSR. Successes are interspersed with failures; the latter are often
associated with a certain. lack of interest on the part of the Soviets in
making a study of the actual feasibility of the projects, and as a result some
projects have been poorly adapted to existing local conditions.

One could mention, in this connection, somé examples of failed projects in
Somalia, Ghana, ‘Kenya, and elsewhere, but at the same time we cannot overlook
the great contribution made by the USSR in countries such as Syria, Algeria,
and Sudan, among others. The question is basically’ one of quality rather than
quantity, and it is in this connection that the last word must always belong
to the country receiving the aid.

10992
CSO: 3442/227



BASE ESTABLISHED TO FIGHT MARITIME CRIME

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 May 86 p 3

[Text]

113046
cso:

MARITIME criminals,
especially smugglers and illegal
bunkerers in the delta area of the
country, would conte face to face
with the Navy’s fire-power.

Government’s determination to
curb illegalities rampant in this

* area which houses a sizeable por-

tion’ of the country’s oil explora-
tion and refining activities, was
assured at the weekend with the
opening of a naval operational
thase - thé “NNS UMALOKUN”
by Minister of Detence, Major-
General Domkat Bali, in warri
Bendel State.

The NNS UMALOKUN is ex-
pected. to serve as habitat for
naval ships operating in the Delta
area, protecting oil terminals at
Escravos, Forcados, Oloibiri and
other vital locations in the area
against illegal bunkerers and
poachers.

The base, under the command
of veteran Navy Captain S.A.
Akano, is presently equipped
with half a doxen of the Navy’s 26
fast attack patrol boats which
military experts said had
capabilities to effectively check

3400/1858

73

intruders because of their highly
regarded speed of about 36 knots
(about 50 kilometres) per hour.

The establishment of the base
is also expected to cut down
travelling time of patrol craft
between older bases like Apapa
(Western Command) and
Calabar/Port Harcourt (Eastern
Command) and the - Navy’s
operational area in the Delta.

General Bali while com-
missioning the base, expressed
the Federal Military Govern-
ment’s appreciation of the
Navy’s role in curtailing the ac-
tivities of Maritime criminals in
the Delta area.

He said that NNS
UMALOKUN’s establishment
was part of Federal Military
Government's desire to ensure a
permanent and efféctive naval
presence in the delta “in view of the
huge and strategic goverriment
investment in this area.”

In what looked like a warning
against laxity, General Bali told
officers and men of the new base
that “bases and ships alone do
not make a navy.”

SPRS“SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

NIGERIA



JPRS~S8A4~86~067
27 June 1986

ZAIRE

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEETING REVIEWS FIRST QUARTER PERFORMANCE
AB241620 Kinshasa AZAP in French 0857 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] Kinshasa, 24 May (AZAP)--The Executive Council and the regional gov-
ernors have been meeting in Nsele with the executive coordinator of the party
since Friday in order to assess the council's performance over the first
quarter of the current year. This evaluation session follows the major
changes within the Executive Council initiated by the leader of the party

on 18 April and the agreement of the Paris Club on the rescheduling of
Zairc's external debt.

‘he quarterly assessment of the performance of the Executive Council makes

it possible to improve the working methods at all levels and thus to increase
the efficiency of the state's steering organ. The decision by the MPR found-
ing chairman to renew his confidence in the Executive Council's coordinator
and the rescheduling of our debt by the Paris Club.are positive signs of the
action by the executive organ of the state party. The results already ob-
tained in the effort to bring the economic situation under control must spur
it on to redouble its efforts in order not to compromise the set objective of
revamping the national economy through the 5-year development plan. Such ap-
praisal meetings, like the Nsele one, offer an opportunity to give a critical
look at the past performance and to reflect on the appropriate methods to at-
tain the objectives under the best conditions.

As the Executive Council coordinator stressed in his opening address to the ap-
praisal meeting, there are preconditions for the success of the revamping of
the Zairian economy. ‘They are, notably, the reduction by 20 percent of the
level of inflation, increasing state revenue, and the continued improvement of
public management. These preconditions demand systematic work through which
the state commissioners and regional governors can regularly follow the imple-
mentation of decisions and detect on time the eventual causes that hamper the
implementation of some of them. The success that has already been made in
public wanugement is the result of the self-discipline of the executive organ
in the implementation of the directives of the party leader. The course which
remains to be taken is full of impediments, the most crucial of which is the
instability of the prices of our export products. In the face of these un-
certainties, the regular appraisal of the performance of the executive organ
of the party proves to be an cfficient means of being as realistic as possible
and managing the future by relying, on our past experiences.

19274
CSO: 3400/1884

79



JPRS“SSA*86+067
27 June 1986

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

SOVIET AGRICULTURAL ASSISTANCE DETAILED
Lisbon AFRICA in Portuguese 30 Apr/13 May 86 p 19

[Article by Fernando Gil Evora: "USSR and Africa: Agricultural Cooperation";
first paragraph is AFRICA introduction]

[Text] If we examine the development strategy followed in the USSR, we shall
see that the Soviets have accorded little importance to agriculture and have
instead favored heavy industry. In the case of Soviet economic aid to the
Third World, however, agriculture has had an almost priority role; but it is
the structural aspect of agriculture that is taken into account, rather than
its role in production.

It is amodel that favors nationalization of the soil, and of a part of the
agriculture that the USSR is attempting to apply in these countries--en route
to an agrarian reform that is as complete as possible, based on the principle
that the closer the country in question is to the USSR ideologically, the more
complete that reform will be.

The Soviet motivations reflect the element of competition involved in the
contest for influence with the other countries that provide assistance to the
Third World, particularly China, which also centers its aid in the agricul-
tural sector. On the other hand, these motivations are also the result of a
growing demand on the part of the Third World countries, so that in order to
preserve its position in that part of the world the USSR had to redirect its
own Third World development policy and assign a more important role to agri-
cultural and agroindustrial projects. It has been obvious to the Soviets
that the liberation of the Third World countries from the economic domination
of "Western imperialism" leads through aid that will enhance the food inde-
pendence of these countries. On the economic level, however, the Soviet aid
is often a barter currency--the regulations in the cooperation agreements are
implemented according to the "clearing" method (economy of foreign exchange) --
and therefore, in exchange for the equipment and services supplied by the
Soviets, the beneficiaries must in most cases make compensatory payment in the
form of products deriving from the projects that have been established or in
the form of traditional products, often agricultural raw materials.



JPRS«SSA~86+067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI NOTES SIGNIFICANCE OF SOWETO ANNIVERSARY
MBO51119 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1057 GMT 5 Jun 86

[Text] Pinetown, 5 Jun, SAPA--The dignity of black people demanded that they
commemorate 16 June, the 10th anniversary of the Soweto students uprising, the
chief minister of Kwazulu, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi, said today.

Addressing workers at the Smith and Nephew plant in Pinetown during the opening
of a new factory wing, Chief Buthelezi said all blacks still remembered the
horror with which they received the news of the killing of Mr Hector Peterson--
the first person to be killed in Soweto on 16 June 1976.

He said blacks also remembered the consequences the slaying of Mr Peterson had
for the whole country, the anger that erupted and the alleged "police brutality
with which that anger was met," he said.

"There are, however, some who want to turn this remembering into a political
fiasco, We cannot pretend that 17 June is another 16 June and that 18 June
is yet another June and that 19 June is yet another 16 June. There are some
who even'want to extend the 16 June remembrance to something like 10 days,"
he said. :

He warned workers that they would be playing with the lives of their families
if they turned 16 June into violence and death. Many blacks would be exhorted
to go on the rampage on 16 June, he said.

Black people, he said, were not a nation of cowards who were afraid of the
future or their bosses. They had the dignity of workers who knew how to deal
with the "unscrupulous exploiters of our labor," he said.

"We have trade unions and we can negotiate with employers to ensure that we are
treated fairly. Employers are not monsters beyond our ability to control. As
workers we have a responsibility not only to our families, but to our nation,"
Chief Buthelezi said. .

He warned workers of the political organizations and leaders who were prepared
to "devastate the lives of the poorest of the poor for their own political goals."

/12228
csO: 3400/1904

107



JPRS ~$84-860967
June 1986

SENEGAL

BRIEFS

WADB GRANTS AGRICULTURAL LOAN--The West African Development Bank, WADB, has
just granted to our country a loan of 1.378 billion CFA francs. Agreement to
this end was signed this very day in Lome, the headquarters of the WADB, between
its president, Baba Moussa Boubacar and (Samsigue Gueye), director general of
Agricultural Credit Bank. This loan falls within the framework of the new
agricultural policy whose primary objectives are the reorganization of the
rural areas; the reorganization of training methods, and development of irri-
gation for agricultural purposes. The loan will allow for the mechanization of
83 agricultural units representing a total of 5,000 hectares of irrigated land
for rice cultivation, /Text/ /Dakar Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT
5 Jun 86 AB/ 12228
| REDUCED ELECTRICITY PRICES--Dakar, 29 May (AFP)--A 5-18-percent reduction in
electricity prices in Senegal is-to-come about beginning 1 July 1986, Serigne
Lamine Diop, minister of Industrial Development and crafts announced during a
debate on budget ‘allocation of his ministry at the National Assembly. Under
this measure, the price of electricity should go from 68.85 CFA francs (FR1.37)
to 65.40 CFA francs (FR1.30) per kilowatt/hour for domestic consumption (low
tension) and from 62,53 CFA francs (FRL.25) to 51.27 CFA francs (FR1.01) per
kilowatt/hour for industrial consumption (medium tension), it was learned today
in Dakar at the Senelec (Senegalese Company for the Distribtion of Electricity).
According to the Senegalese minister of industrial development and handicrafts,
this reduction in electricity price stems from the current favorable economic
situation (the combined fall in the U.S. dollar rate and in oil). Furthermore,
he said, this reduction will help encourage the new industrial policy established
this year by the Senegalese Government by considerably reducing overhead costs
of industries. Finally, Mr Diop announced that a 40 megawatt thermal power
station will soon be constructed as part of the Senelec modernization and
reorganization program aimed at better responding to the demands of consumers.
/Text/ /Paris. AFP in French 1408 GMT 29 May 86 AB/ 12228

3-billion-CFA franés grant (Fr60 million) providing for the implementation of
a 5-year program in rte" t of health, agriculture, village water projects

ITALY TO GRANT 2 BILLION CFA--Dakar, 23 May (AFP)--Italy is to give Senegal a

and energy, according the terms of a draft agreement between the two countries
signed today in Dakar. This program, it is learned from an official source in
Dakar, mainly concerns three regions of Senegal: the River Senegal valley, the
main coast (Thies) and the upper course of River Gambia /Eastern Senegal/.

/Excerpt/ /Paris AFP in French 2052 GMT 23 May 86 AB/ 12228

cso: 3400/1881



JpRs+SSA7867067
27 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

DEMAND FOR BAUXITE FROM MOZAMBIQUE MINE DECLINES

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 16 May 86 p 2

[Text ]

19274
cso:

FUTURE bauxite mining opera-
tions in Mozambique by the E C
Meikle company, the only
bauxite-supply company in Zim-

babwe, are in serious doubt, fol--

lowing’ a. reduction in demand
by Zimbabwe Phosphate Indus-
tries (Zimphos) and a failure in
securing export markets.

Zimphos has reduced its bauxite
requirements from 6 500 tons annu-
ally to 4 500 tons, following the
change, in December 1985, of the
bauxite source from E C Meikle’s
other mine in Penhalonga, to the
mine in Mozambique. Zimphos uses
bauxite for the manufacture of
aluminium sulphate, which is used
for water purification.

The director of E C Meikle, Mr

‘John Meikle, this week told the.

Gazette: ‘The grade produced
(from Mozambique) has been excel-
lent. It has been 56% compared to
42% ~ previously mined in
Zimbabwe.

“However, Zimphos’ annual re-
quirements are at the reduced level

kets are being pursued at present
with no success so far. However,
Mozambique requires aluminium
sulphate on a barter deal and this is
being looked into.

“Unless an expanded market is
found or a significant price increase
is granted, the future of the mine is
in doubt,"* he said.

ALTERNATIVE

The only alternative source of
bauxite for Zimbabwe would be
from Australia at a much greater
cost to the country in foreign cur-
rency, he said. The Mozambique
mine has a production capacity of
8 000 to 9 000 tons.

Meanwhile, the managing direc-
tor of Zimphos, Mr Eden
“Makonese, told the Gazette that the
company was producing sufficient

; aluminium sulphate for the coun-
i try’s requirements, and was, in fact,

of 4.500 tons compared with a *

previous usage of 6 500 tons. This
-is having a:serious influence on the
viability of the mine, Export mar-

3400/1719

103

looking for export markets. Since
the Mozambican bauxite had a
higher aluminium oxide content
(56%) than the Zimbabwean baux-
ite (45%), Zimphos thus required a
20% less tonnage, he said.

‘Another reason suggested for the
reduced requirements was that since
the end of water-rationing, the
country’s water consumption had
not increased dramatically, as had
been expected. .

Mr Makonese said there was ‘'no
significant growth” in the aluimini-
um sulphate market between 1984
and 1985, with the demand actual-
ly having gone up by 200 tons, or
2%. Last year the company's used
5 400 tons of bauxite, and this year
the company will require only
4 800, he said.

Bauxite mining operations in
Mozambique were started last year
when the Penhalonga ore deposits
were almost completely exhausted.



campus while others supervised the eviction of
the students and made sure all of them left for
their various home destinations.

About ten buses were hired from the United Bus Com-
ny of Zambia (UBZ) to take the students to their various
jome provinces.
students were woken up as early as 04.30 hours by
security men who ordered them to pack up their goods and
move out of the campus. .

They assembled on the university lawns near Goma
lake where they went through check out formalities. They
were given:K30 each for transport regardless of the distance
to their: destinations.

Some police officers lined up and students were in-
structed to stand. behind each officer, according to their
provinces for an orderly departure from the campus. Those
in Lusaka Province were dumped at the town centre to find °
their way home. | :

The closure is a culmination of troubles at the campus
which started a fortnight ago with students accusing the ad-
ministration of allegedly ignoring their welfare.

They demanded that the administration should pro-
vide an ambulance for the university clinic and vehicles for
‘the department of dean of students.

executive of the University of Zambia Students
Union (Unzasu) organised a class boycott for two days to
press for the removal of their principal Professor Kasuka’
Mwauluka.

Last Friday, Unzasu president-general Mr Ben Chi-

lufya was arrested by police

avin; Ehis.led to. an-orgy. of. destruction. by the enraged.
students who burnt.the principal's official’ car and ‘that of”
the’ acting registrar. Mr Wisdom Bowa,

The students demanded the immediate release of Mr
Chilufya._ .

Unga vice-chancellor Dr Jacob’ Mwanza warned early
on Saturday that the campus could close down if the stu-
dent rumpus which included a class boycott continued.

The Unzasu executive members said later they would
not compromise with any authority and would not resume
classes until Mr Chilufya was released. They complained
that the administration starved them for two days.as it had
allegedly ordered cooks to leave the kitchen.

Acting Minister of Higher Education. Dr Henry
Meebelo confirmed the closure of the university yesterday
“because of the bad security situation and to save life and-
Property”’.

He said because of the escalating violence, university.
authorities had no option but to close the Great East Road:
campus, . :

Dr Meebelo who is
Minister for Presidential
Affairs regretted that the
university had closed down
indefinitely. ‘All students
have been ordered to leave
the campus with immediate
effect.”

Giving a sequence of
events that led to the move
the minister said on May 2,
Unzasu issued a statement
alleging that the administra-
tion was not paying much
attention to student
welfare.

They demanded that the !
administration should buy

88

an ambulance-for the clinic
and provide a vehicle for
the . dean’s artment by
May. 8. ‘‘They. also
displayed posters insulting

. the leadership of the: Party

‘and its Government.”

The administration met
the Unzasu executive on
May 7, the day when the ad-
ministration saw the. cir-

. cular for the first time, to

explain that instructions
had already been issued to
look into their grievances.

The administration also
explained that the vehicle
for the dean of students
was stolen last year under
circumstances which were
being yrobed. A replace-
ment would be acquired ;
when the matter was
cleared.

“The administration fol-
lowed up this explanation
with 4 circular to reach the
whole student body and to
appeal to students not to
disrupt the normal acade-
mic business of the univer-,
sity. In ‘spite of this
explanation, Unzasu_ stilh
organised a - boycott of:
classes on May 12 and 13.""

On the same day Unzasu
announced, that a confe-
rence for student leaders of.
all secondary schools and
institutions of higher learn-
ing would be held at the

"‘No . permission . had
been ‘obtained from the
university authorities for~
the holding of such a confe-
rence.””

This.is the sixth time the

* university has been closed.



JPRS*SSA+86+067
queens 27 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

FIRST NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ADULT EDUCATION CREATED‘
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 May 86 p 8

{Report on interview with Aldavanda Martins, coordinator of the adult education
project, by Miguel Zia, in Beira City, date not given]

{Text] A group of studies, to arrive at the indicators which will serve as the
basis for the creation of the country's first National Institute of Adult Educa~
tion, is being conducted at this moment at the Manga Pilot Center, on the out-
skirts of the city of Beira. The project is being directed by the National
Department of Cadre Training, of the DNEA [National Directorate of Adult Educa~
tion], and is financed by the Swedish Agency for International Development
CASDI]. Initiated in May 1985, the project comprises four. phases.

In an exclusive interview with our correspondent in Beira, Aldavanda Martine
discussed various aspects of the project, which, in this [current] phase,
basically involves improving the performance of the instructorg assigned to
the various centers in operation in the country.

The first phase began with the preparation at the central level for the design
of programs, preceded by a study of Mozambique’ § circumstances.

This was followed by visits abroad, to. learn about literacy programs in other
countries. . :

Nicaragua and Argentina were [among] the countries selected, because of their
experience in this area. In Argentina, Mozambique had an opportunity, for
the first time, to participate in the International Conference on Adult Educa~
tion.

There were also trips to Brazil, Cape Verde and Guinea~Bisgau (countries which
are demonstrating considerable success in this area), as well as Portugal.

According to project coordinator Aldavanda Martins, the trips to these countries,
which have similar problems in the area of literacy ttaining, were fruitful

in that the experiences of these counrtries provided valuable information which
has gradually béen introduced in our process of adult. education,

According to our interviewee, this first phase ended in December 1985.

56



JPRS*SSA*86+067
27 June 1986

“MOZAMBIQUE

MACHEL PLEDGES NO NEGOTIATIONS WITH MNR
MB271439 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 27 May 86

[Text] President Samora Machel has stated that Mozambique will never
negotiate with the South African-backed MNR terrorists because, he said,
they serve foreign interests and are part of international terrorism.

President Samora Machel was speaking in a Japanese television interview in
Tokyo. When asked about the true meaning of RENAMO, as the bandits call
themselves, President Samora Machel said it is the mortal remains of
Portuguese colonialism.

The Mozambican leader said the MNR bandits are not a national organization,
or a political opposition, but are terrorists and mercenaries organized by
South Africa.

He said certain man-made problems cannot be negotiated, but can only be re-
solved by eliminating them, He said the activities of the bandits are
characterized by kidnapping, raping, and murdering women and children,
burning people alive, cutting their victims' ears and noses, and plucking out

their eyes.

Asked about what he thought of reform introduced by South African State
President P.W. Botha, the Mozambican leader said apartheid is not reformable.
It has to be eliminated. He declared that there is no such a thing as
democratic apartheid, which he described as the source of all violence in
South Africa and of instability in southern Africa.

President Machel said Mozambique hopes to establish long-term cooperation
with Japan. He pointed out that Mozambique was richly endowed with natural
resources, but lacked the finance to develop them. Private Japanese com-
panies are welcome to invest in Mozambique, he said.

On Mozambique's food needs, President Samora Machel said that the situation
is less tragic than it was 1 year ago, but added that it is still serious.
He said the food situation had been worsened by MNR banditry, which was
responsible for the mass exodus of peasants from the terrorism-infected
area.

52


TSATSU TSIKATA ADDRESSES FOREIGN MINISTRY ON ROLE, ATTITUDES

Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 8 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Text]

/13046
cso:

LECTURER in Law at the University of Ghana, Mr Tsatsu-
‘observed

Tsikata,

thet, the colonial ‘bureaucratic

heritage of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Third World coun-

tries makes it difficult for them to promote their national interests
Mi Tsikata was delivering a lecture in Accra on the. topic.

‘Foreign policy in the Third World .countries—some observations,

with special reference to Ghana’,

The lecture is the first in @ series being organized for per-
sonnel of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,

Citing Ghana as an example, Mr Tsikata said because of ttie
effects of the colonial mentality, most diplomats fancied post.
ings to London and New York more than to any other places,

This, he said, had resulted in most diplomats, not _ working
hard enough to promote fruitful relations.

‘Mt. Tsikata said. most often, many diplomats moved with 80

much grandeur. and exhibited so

much extravagance at thelr post,
whjeh did not present a true
picture of the state of affairs
in their country.

He noted that the routine of
the Civil Service had affected
the behaviour and attitude to
work of many of the “Foreign
Aifairs: practitioners”,

This routine behaviour pre-
vented practiticners from reflect-
ing. on the foreign policy of the
government, Mr Tsikata added.

3400/1854

Yet, Mr ‘Tsikata stressed,
foreign Policy practitioners
were among the important fools
needed to achieve the political
destiny of the country.

They should, therefore, play
a serious policy role by formu.
lating new ideas that woule
help re-organize. their Ministry
to respond more effectively to
fre foreign policy of the coun-

"hae Kwamena Ahwoi, Co. ordj-
nator, Investigations and Re-
venue Commissioners, chaired
the function; — GNA,”

14

JPRS*SSA*86*+067
27 June 1986

GHANA


MONESTER SACKOR CHALLENGES CSA ON ESSENTIAL GOODS SHORTAGE

Monrovia SUNTIMES in English 23 May 86 pp 1, 6

{Article by Daikyo George]

JPRS“SSA~86 «067
27 June 1986

LIBERIA

{Text] Intermal Affairs Minister Edward Sackor has taken a serious exception
to an assertion by General Services Agency Director-General Clarence Momol
about the acute shortage of essential supplies and equipment in the leeward

counties.

Director Momolu told SUNTIMES Wednesday in an interview that certain minis-
tries, specifically those in Internal Affairs and Public Works have "deliber-
ately refused" to despatch materials procured by them for the counties.

He said these ministries "do not give supplies to the sub-political divisions

of the country even though they are allotted for those counties.

Mr Momolu said many county superintendents in the leeward counties have been

inquiring from

GSA .as to why

‘their supplies

were rot forth-
coming.

SCHEME

He. said © in
the light ‘of
these ingquir-
ies, GSA offer-
ed numerous ad-
vices on making
use.. of - budge-
tary allocati-
ons,’ but these
ministries pre-
fer. "to manipu-
late the. Gove-
rnment's pro-
curement proce-
dure." :

The GSA Dire-
ctor-General

re-iterated his
call to govern-
ment ministries
to ...: operate
within - their
budgetary li-
mits and to de-
liver ~suppiies
to. - designated
counties.” ”
Mr...,..:- Momolu
disclosed: ..that
GSA“ .. recently
introduced. sa
centralized :pu-
rehasing scheme
that’ controls
all. ‘government
purchases. :
"This’ scheme
is: very regula-=

tory ‘and. it has”

proved useful
for the control

43



JPRS«g:

SAx,
27 Jame 785-067

@ 1986

MALAWL

BRIEFS

FUEL RESTRICTIONS ABOLISHED~-The Office of the President and Cabinet has
announced the suspension of motor fuel purchase restrictions as from
today, up to and including July 27, 1986. The announcement said that
following the suspension of the motor fuel purchase restrictions, all fuel
stations throughout the country should remain.open during the period.
[Text] [Blantyre MALAWI NEWS in English 10-16 May 86 p1] /13046

cso: 3400/1857

47



FRNSTP REFUGEES SEEK AID TO CONTINUE RESISTANCE

JPRS«gsaq.

June 1

86~067
986

SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK OBSERVER in English 9 May 86 p 1

[Article by Jim Freeman]

{Text ]

19274
cso:

government does not allow

‘THE 76 North African “boat people” who arrived at | ‘hat, then we have no choice

Wal

The entire group are mem-
bers of a banned movement
struggling for the overthrow of
the Marxist government of the
Republic of Sao Tome and
Principe.

‘This was revealed in an inter-
view with The Advertiser's
man the spot this morning.

The leader of the group,
25-year-old Sergio Cordosa,
said the movement, known as
the Frente de Resistencia Na-
cional de Sao Tome e Principe,
had not yet resorted to arms to
overthrow the government of
Mr Pinto da Costa. But they
were willing to accept any as-
sistance it could receive in arm-
ing and training its members.

Mr Cordosa said the leader-

3400/1880

Bay a week ago are members of a resistence
ovement and fishermen by necessity only.

ship of the movement had
made contact with Dr Jonas
Savimbi’s Unita’ movement
and would welcome any help
that Unita could give in train-
ing the FRNSTP.

However, any possible aid
depends on the South African
government’s willingness to
both allow them. to stay in
Namibia and continue with
their political activities, ac-
cording to the South African
Department of Home Affairs
representative at Walvis Bay,
Mr Fred Gibson.

“It is our dream to continue
with the struggle to overthrow
Mr .Da Costa,’ said Mr
Cordosa.

“But, if the South African

76

but to abide by their decision.

“We have nowhere else to go.
We cannot return to Portugal
as we have problems there)’
said Cordosa, who spent sever-
al years working in Europe.

The movement's leader is a
shadowy figure: Mr- Manuel
Alfonso Rosario dos Santos,
who is known to be in Europe,
but the group which arrived in
Walvis Bay is unable to pin-
point his whereabouts.

Mr Cordosa said the move-
ment was about 450 members
strong, but asserted that the
national resistance front had
extensive support in Sao Tao
and Principe, which has a
population of about 100 000.

The FRNSTP is the only op-
position grouping in the island
group since the country gained
independence from Portuhgal
in 1975,


ANGOLA

JOURNALISTS' DELEGATION VISITS MOSCOW
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 23 Apr 86 p 12

[Text] A delegation from the Angolan Journalists' Union (UJA) is in Moscow
at the invitation of the Journalists’ Union of the USSR. The delegation

is made up of Jose Miguel and Joao Bernardo Miranda, respectively administra-
tive secretary and [secretary] for contributing reporters' and volunteer
correspondents' affairs.

While in Moscow, the delegation will attend a conference on "Mass Communica~
tions and the Problems of Human Rights".

During its stay, the delegation of Angolan journalists is also scheduled
to meet with its Soviet counterpart in order to strengthen ties of friendship
and cooperation between the two organizations.

It should be recalled that the UJA and the Journalists' Union of the USSR are
united by a cooperative agreement signed in 1984.

Talk on Freedom of the Press

The UA, through its Secretariat for Cultural and Professional Activities,
will hold a talk on the theme "Freedom of the Press" as it prepares to
celebrate the first of May.

The talk is to be held in the Anibal de Melo Press Center at 6:30 pm on
Thursday. The speaker will be Pedro Martinez Pirez, professor of the
intermediate journalism course at the.Karl Marx Complex. Prof Martinez is
a member of the faculty council of Havana University's School of Journalism.

Journalists and everyone who is interested is invited to attend the talk.

9935/9435
csO: 3442/220



At the moment in history when the South African regime faces the threat of
international sanctions, this regime's interests are hardly served by a

foreign military adventure carried out to serve internal party political
“interests. Only a government with very serious internal problems would take
such a step, a step which will almost certainly increase the outflow of «
foreign capital from South Africa. Indeed, the government has already been
accused by the PFP [Progressive Federal Party] Parliamentary opposition of
sabotaging the country's future.

Any narrow political advantage Mr Botha might have gained over the extreme
right by the attacks is far outweighed by the political damage that has been
done to the South African state, a state whose credibility was already at an
all-time low. Even Mr Botha's friends in the West have been driven to despair
by such action. Monday's attacks were, in short, a military failure, an
economic disaster and a political miscalculation of major proportions.

/8918
cso: 3400/1846

51



NIGERIA

Umar Calls for Military for NYSC Members
(Sani Babadoko, Suleiman Gambari; NEW NIGERIAN, 13 May 86)

Base Established To Fight Maritime Crime
(NEW NIGERIAN, 14 May 86) ...ccccccececcccccccccccccercees

Categorization of 1985 Imported Goods
(Roseline Umesi; BUSINESS TIMES, 12 May 86) ....seceeceves

SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE

FRNSTP Refugees Seek Aid To Continue Resistance
(Jim Freeman; THE WINDHOEK OBSERVER, 9 May 86) ..

SENEGAL
Briefs
WADB Grants Agricultural Loan
Reduced Electricity Prices
Italy To Grant 3 Billion CFA
TANZANIA

Zanzibar To Revitalize Tax System, Economy
(AFP, 30 May 86) ...seceeseceeecceccccceeceeeeesseeesenees

ZAIRE

Executive Council Meeting Reviews First Quarter Performance
(AZAP, 24 May 86) ...

Government Reaffirms Respect for Angola Agreements
(ELIMA, 10-11 May 86) ..

Relations With Belgium Under Review
(ELIMA, 6 May 86) .....

Reportage on Visit of Belgian Economic Official
(AZAP, 25, 27 May 86) ..ecececceees

Arrives 25 May
Received by Secretary of State

ZAMBIA

Kaunda Speaks on Nation's Future, Willingness To Step Down
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 19 May 86) ...eccsccccccccvccceccececces

72

73

74

76

78

79

84


This situation was described by Paulo Jose Katete, the district director of
education and culture, as a serious one which places the teachers in a
delicate position between the students and the community in which they carry
out their noble task of educating the new man.

Katete told us that with a school enrollment in the primary grades of 8,811,
distributed among the 57 schools currently operating, the district of Changara
received only the insignificant volume of 1,290 books for the present school
year. These books are science texts for the third-grade level in the new
education system

The other primary school classes received no books at all, much less any basic
school materials, specifically notebooks, pencils, ballpoint pens, erasers and
other items.

According to this official, the situation is becoming more acute for the
first-grade classes, where the students lack the necessary individual exercise
notebooks. Nor do the teachers have these notebooks, which makes their task
practically impossible.

Along with this situation, the fourth-grade teachers are without the manuals
they need, as well. -The problems in education in this district were still
further aggravated during this school year by the substantial increase in the
number of students enrolled; some of whom come from the district of Guro, in
the province of Manica, currently affected by the armed bandits' activities,

This has forced Changara to accept a number of students vastly exceeding its
goal, so teachers have had to teach from morning till night in some schools
to serve the large number of students forced to migrate to this region.

The secondary grades, offered at the school center in Boroma, currently have
an enrollment of 627 students on the fifth and sixth levels. They are served
by 14 teachers. The secondary~school level also includes the Accelerated
Workers Training Center (CEFAT) located in the locality of Marara.

This establishment, like that in Boroma a boarding school had only 85 of the
120 students expected enrolled for this school year. There are six teachers.

On this educational level too, the problem of books and basic school materials
exists, the district director of education and culture, Paulo Katete, added.

The literacy and adult education sector is the only one which has been
provided with the substantial volume of books and basic materials needed for
its operation, However, this same official explained, the literacy program is
being hindered by the shortage of teachers trained for this branch.

Because of the continuing lack of teaching and other materials, a situation
which existed last year as well, the final results in education have been very
limited, most seriously affecting the first, fourth and sixth grades,

5157
€S0:3342/226

68



-TPRS*SSA=86*067
27 June 1986

GUINEA

CMRN ISSUES COMMUNIQUE ON NEW ECONOMIC MEASURES
4B291445 Conakry Domestic Service in French 2200 GMT 28 May 86

/"Communique issued by the Military Committee for National Redress (CMRN)
Followings Its Joint Session With Members of the Government." Date and place
not’ given--read by announcer/ .

/Excerpts/ Thé CMRN and the government met in Conakry on Tuesday, 20 May 1986,
from 1000 to 1500, on Wednesday, 21 May, from 1000 to 1515, on Thursday, 22 May,
from 0900 to 1300, on Friday, 23 May, from 0900 to 1245 and on Tuesday, 27 May,
from 0900 to 1245 and on Tuesday, 27 May, from 1200 to 1505, under the chairman-
ship of His Excellency General Lansana Conte, CMRN chairman, president of the
republic and head of state. The agenda contained topics related to the economic
and financial polié¢ies of the Republic of Guinea. After hearing the deep and
objective analysis made by the head of state and which bore on economic and
political foundations of the actions of the CMRN and the government of the
Second Republic, the meeting drew up some guidelines, taking into account the
working document comprising the following eight points.

1. Unification of exchange rates, standardization of prcies, and adjustment
of salaries.

2. Rationalization of the Civl Service staff.

3. Public enterprises and privatization.

4. The state budget.

5. External sectors.

6. Money supply and credit.

7. Insitutional reforms.

8. Implementation criteria.

After discussion at length and in a highly responsible spirit in order to meet
the needs of the Guinean nation, the meeting expressed satisfaction with the
conclusions reached because they resulted from a mature and deep examination
and took the following measures:

1. Concerning Salaries. Beginning 1 May 1986, Index salaries of civil servants
and workers of all sectors have been increased by 80 percent.

2. The creation--beginning from 1 June 1986--of a mechanism to encourage civil

servants and other state employees to retire voluntarily. To this end, the
meeting, after an extensive exchange of views, made the following decisions:

23



equally seriously. Even the peasants in the Wirymo Massacre Pilot Farm
Cooperative have seen their sacrificial efforts negated by the hordes of
birds.

All of the sorghum fields we visited in the various settlements through which
we passed in Changara reflect the desolate picture produced either by
grasshoppers or by birds.

Following the natural catastrophe which has struck a region already plagued by
so many others in the past 5 years, there remains no alternative for the
tireless and desperate peasants but to hope that once again, the generous hand
of the international community, and not only that, will be extended to them.

The huge barns of the peasants can timidly boast only a minimal quantity of
corn harvested this year. From this tiny amount, the peasants of Changara
will have to take a very small portion for the coming planting season, leaving
the rest for their ow consumption. This is a desperate struggle being waged
against the effects of hostile nature, the persistence of which in the past 5
years has created a bitter reality.

Nonexistent Trade Network

Added to the difficulties created by the criminal actions of the armed bandits
on the one hand, and natural catastrophes on the other, is the problem of a
practically nonexistent trade network. The few establishments with walls
still standing have little or almost nothing to sell. This is a reality which
is without a doubt tragic, and which only a people with courage and confidence
in a better tomorrow could convert into renewed energy to continue the
struggle.

Characteristically, rural trade increases in exact proportion to the extent
farm production prospers, or at least yields a minimum of profit with which to
reactivate the trade network. Otherwise, every effort in connection with
trade will come down to a mere theoretical exercise and as such, will be
doomed to failure by the causes which led to it.

The Changara district is a vast region with a population estimated at about
100,000 individuals, distributed in very scattered form, as is characteristic,
moreover, of African rural zones. The process of establishing the communal
settlements which are defined as the backbone for the socialization of the
rural sector in our country is still another project in the province of Tete.

The factors hindering the establishment of communal settlements in this
northern region of our country include the criminal actions of the armed
bandits and the continuing natural catastrophes, These elements together have
forced the people to pursue a life of constant nomadic wandering, the effect
of which is to undermine all the socialization efforts.

Because there is no production, one cannot even discuss farm marketing, either

in Changara or in the majority of the districts in that province,

7

66



“The other courses have only one level, which is basic. Next year, however,
we hope to add a second level in each course, since we expect many of the
current students to go on to the next level," Manhica reported.

He gaid that the opening of enrollments was also announced over the radio and
“produced a great flood of interested individuals. We are still receiving
requests for admission from various people, whom we cannot accept because the
classes began more than a month ago and also because the facilities granted
to us are already filled to capacity."

Manhica also reported that "within this year, AMASP is going to introduce a
course in Russian, for the training of scholarship students who will be going
to the Soviet Union in August 1987 under the existing cooperation agreements
between the AMASP and the Union of Soviet Friendship Associations."

He explained that the teachers for this language will be "Soviet citizens
who are working here in Nampula Province."

In addition to the grantees, other interested persons may enroll in this course.

asked about possible certificates for the students who complete a level, Tadeu
Manhica replied: "The students who complete a level will receive a document
attesting to the level which they have achieved."

The AMASP provincial delegate also mentioned the difficulties encountered with
the courses, the greatest problem being the shortage of teaching materials,
specifically books and texts, notebooks for the students, grammar books for
the teachers and students and other indispensable materials for teaching a
language. .

“We would also like to be able to exchange experiences with the Language Institute
of Maputo, to see if we can negotiate for the acquisition of some books and

other materials which would facilitate the development of our courses," he

said, adding that, "in the case of the languages which are not offered at the
Language Institute of Maputo, we are going to contact some cooperants from

the countries where these ‘languages are spoken and ask for some help with
teaching materials."

Each course meets for 3 hours a week. The electric power shortage has occasion-
nally disrupted the normal schedule of classes; there have been entire weeks
when the lessons could not be taught for want of electric power.

6362
CSO: 3442/225

59



TRADE SECRETARY ON UNCTAD'S GLOBAL SYSTEM OF TRADE PREFERENCE

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 6 May 86 pp 1, 4

[Article by Mavis Quaicoe]

[Text]

MR Kofi Djin, Secre-
tary for Trade has
calied on developing
countries to give their
firm support to the
UNCTAD’s Global Sy-
stem of Trade Prefe-
rences (GSTP) in a
collective effort to
arrest the downward
trend of their respecti-
ve economies and to
help improve their ex-
port. possibilities.

This is because the
GSTP is essentially a sy-
stem of reciprocal trade
preferences with its ma-
jor pre-occupation being
inarket accessibility aim-
ed at improving the
terms of trade and acce-
lerating economic and
industrial development
within developing coun-
tries, he said.

‘The call was contained
in a speech read for the
‘Trade Secretary by MrS.
V. Agyare-Forifie, acting
Chief Director (Adminis-

/13046
CSO: 3400/1854

tration) of the Ministry
of Trade at the opening
ceremony of the three-
day seminar on the
GSTP in Accra yester-

‘he seminar which is
jointly organised-by
UNCTAD and the Mi-
nistry of Trade is being
attended by participants
from the Ghana Export
Company (GEC), Ghana
Investment Centre,
(GIC) Nationa! Invest.
ment Bank (NIB), Cu-
stoms and Excise De-
partment, (CED), Ghana
Industrial Holding Cor-
poration (GIHOC) and
the Ministries of Trade,
Foreign Affairs, Finance
and Economic Planning
and Agriculture.

Mr Dijin also observed
that protectionist meas-
ures continue to grow on
the international scene
which have led in the de-
cline in prices of export-
able commodities of
Third World countries.

These problems, he

said, have given rise to
periodical adjustments in
exchange rates asa result
of high interest rates and
debt servicing payments.
To the government of
Ghana therefore, the
,GSTP should help open
new avenues for the ex-
pansion of mutual trade
among developing coun-
tries to enable them
overcome the obstacles
that have plagued them
in their efforts to achieve
export buoyancy, he
added.
He noted that direct
co-operation between de-
veloping countries as a
result of the GSTP can
have a determinant in-
fluence on the success of
their various economic
development program-
mes since the countries
involved in the GTSP are
the direct operators who
produce and export and
also make use of the
uoods and services which
are the objectives of the

16

JPRS«SSA~86*067
27 June 1986

GHANA

scheme.

He therefore hoped
that the seminar would
only be confined to the
identification of pro-
blems but would also
proceed further to pro-
pose practical solutions
to them and possibly
evolve additional stra‘
gies for effective mobi
sation of potential ex-
porters of non-
traditional exportable
commodities.

Dr Jagdish Saisal, an-
adviser of Economic Co-
operation among Deve-
loping Countries
(ECDC) of the UNC-
TAD secretariat ex-
plained that the seminar
would discuss technical
issues as well as matters
.of policy to be addressed
‘by developing countries.



before a coun-
try can be
blacklisted.
Dr. Naigow
noted that
there’ are many
banks and
financial ins
titutions tha
he met who wer
willing to in-
vest in Libe-
ria, but were
deterred by the

request that
they should
wait until the
situation with
the IMF was
cleared.

"I found out
that the poli-
tical differen-
ces among the
various politi-
cal parties was
not a deterrent
to ° investors
as most people
would think,"
he said.

Dr. Naigow
who was: once
a former’ Mini-
ster of Infor-
mation, furthet
stated that Li
beria has to
compete with
many other
Third World and
developed ‘coun

tries to
attract foreign
investors,
which means
that the
19274

cso: 3400/1940

Liberian

government has
sto provide more
and better
incentives uo
foreign inves-
tors as do

other countries

to. ‘
attract them.

To this, he
said the desire
of. the .govern-

“ment to priva-

tize several
public corpora—
tions is. seen
as an encoura-
gement to inve-
stors' and a
move which is
also taken in
many developed
and developing
countries with
a view -to mini-
mising budget
deficits.

PRIVATIZATION

About priva-
tization, Dr.
Naigow viewed
that his major
fear is that
a significant
percént of the
Liberian people
do not want the
government to
outrightly sell
out public cor-
porations which
have become a
financial
burden,

What
want is
joint

they
just
venture
schemes and
_this -wili not
be attractive
to foreign
investors, but
he thinks” it
would be much
appropriate if
the government
outrightly
sells
public
corporations
and just worry
about . tax
collection.

these

JEFFY
COMMISSION

Asked how he
became involved
with the priva-

tization
scheme, Dr.
Naigow said

that the issue
of .
privatization
was part of a
series of re-
commendations
brought forward
by the Jeffy
Commission.

The Jeffy
Commission” was
appointed by
the government
last ‘year to
look into the
economic pro-
blems facing
the nation and

33

prescribe re-
commendations,
and was headed
by Mr. Paul
Jeffy, the pre~
sent Minister
of Planning and
Economic
‘Affairs.

Dr. Naigow
noted that it
was after the
recommendations
of the Commis-
sion that the
then Head of
State, Presi-
dent Samuel kK.
Doe mandated
his office to
follow-up the
recommendations
and assist in
the process of
revitalizing
the economy.

"Since then,
we have been
talking to
investors to
do joint ven-
tures with
government,"
he said.

He concluded
by saying that
government has
now got several
bids and propo-
sals for all
the public cor-

porations ?ar-
marked for pri-
vatization and
they are
working on the
modalities.



President Samora Machel also blamed the colonial heritage for Mozambique's
current predicament. He said for centuries colonialism was only concerned
with making the maximum profit out of Mozambique. He said colonialism
organized the backwardness of the Mozambican people and the country itself.
He said natural disasters in Mozambique, as in other African countries, are
in part man-made.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1846

53



JPRS*SSA~86+067
27 June 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

ARMY BID FOR CIVILIAN CONSTRUCTION--Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu, PNDC member
responsible for the Ministry of Defence, has said efforts are being made to
utilise the skills and expertise of the Armed Forces for the benefit of the
entire nation. The Field Engineers Regiment, he said, will therefore contest
alongside civilian contractors for government constructional projects to earn
some money for the military while at the same time, rendering useful service
to the nation. The PNDC member was speaking at a durbar at Burma Camp in
Accra yesterday with officers and men within the Accra Garrison. Alhaji
Iddrisu again reminded members of the Ghana Armed Forces of their sensitive
position as vanguards of the revolution and the positive role expected of
them in the government's Economic Recovery Programme (ERP). [Text] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 3 May 86 pp 1, 5] /13046

CSO: 3400/1854

19



UNREST REPORTED AT UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

Riots at Student Leader Arrest

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 17 May 86 p 1

{Article by Godfrey Malama]

{Text ]

They roughed up the
principal Professor
Kasuka Mwauluka
and later went on an
orgy of destruction
when they learnt that
University of Zambia
Students Union (Un-
zasu) president-general
Mr Ben Chilufya had
been arrested.

They smashed the princi-
pal’s official car a Peougeot
504 and set it alight as their
anger which had been sim-
mering for weeks exploded.

The enraged students
burnt a light green Fiat 131
registration number AAF
5370 — the official car of
the acting registrar Mr
Wisdom Bowa.

Armed paramilitary and
riot police led by Lusaka
deputy police. chief Mr
Brian Mantanyani stood
by.

But they moved in when

they saw smoke billowing
into the “sky.” Even then
police exercised maximum
restraint’ as they did not
pursue the retreating
students.

The burnt out shell of the
Fiat 131 was still smoulder-
ing when the Lusaka Urban
district council fire engine
arrived on the scene, but it
was too late to save both
cars.

The situation was tense as
the students wandered
about, ‘shouting abuse at
the administration officials
and threatening passers-by.

Unza Vice-chancellor Dr
Jacob Mwanza escaped un-
hurt while the Times team
had to seek refuge in one of
the buildings because. of
threats from the rampaging:
students.

Eye-witnesses said
trouble was sparked off by
the arrest of Mr Chilufya
who was being questioned
in connection with an abor-
tive meeting which ‘was
scheduled to take place at
the campus.

The meeting which was
banned by UNZA authori-
ties, was supposed to be
attended by representatives
trom all colleges and secon-
dary schools.

A Radio Zambia broad-
cast. on Thursday evening
said the administration had
cancelled the meeting and
advised all those who were
lo travel to the Lusaka
campus to stay home. No
details of the planned meet-
ing were immediately avail-
able.

After being questioned at
the campus by piain-clothes
police’ Mr Chilufya was
whisked away to the Lusaka
Central police station.

Incensed by the move the
students, who recenily
staged a two-lay class boy-

cott demanding the removal
of the principal for alleged-
ly neglecting their welfare,
became unruly.

The disturbance which
began in the morning, con-
tinued in the afternoon as
armed police kept vigil. At
the main ‘entrance and all
exits.

A Zambia Air Force ‘heli-
copter’ hovered’ over the
campus for some time while
traffic police were kept
busy, diverting vehicles
away from the Great East
Road which was sealed off.

During the recent class
boycott, -Unzasu © accused
the administration of fail-
ing to allocate a vehicle to
the dean of students depart ~
ment and an ambulance to
the university clinic, They
demanded the transfer or
removal of Prof Mwau-
Juha.

The walkout was called
in spite of assurances from
the administration that
student grievances would be
redressed .

Before the boycott, Dr
Mwanza accused . some
students of fanning trouble
to dodge examinations .

They demanded that the
administration should buy
an ambulance for the clinic
and provide a vehicle for
the dean’s department by
May 8. ‘‘They also
displayed posters insulting

. the leadership of the: Party

86

JPRS*SSA~864067

27 June 1986

ZAMBIA

and its Government.”

The administration met
the Unzasu executive on
May 7, the day when the ad-
ministration saw the cir-
cular for the first time, to
explain that instructions
had already been issued to
look into their grievances.

The administration also
explained that the vehicle
for the dean of students
was stolen last year under
circumstances which were
being probed. A replace-
ment would ‘be acquired
when the matter was
cleared. “

“The administration fol-
lowed up this explanation
with a circular to reach the
whole student body and to
appeal to students not to
disrupt the normal acade-
mic business of the univer-,
sity. In ‘spite of this
explanation, Unzasu stilt:
organised a boycott of
classes on May 12 and 13."

On the same day Unzasu
announced, that a confe-
rence for student leaders of
all secondary schools and
institutions of higher learn-
ing would be held at the

permission had
been obtained from the
university authorities for
the holding of such a confe-
rence.

This is the sixth time the
university has been closed



IMMIGRATION BUREAU LAUNCHES INTENSIVE SCREENING EXERCISE

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 19 May 86 pp 8, 6

{Article by J. N. Elliott]

[Text]

The Bureau of
Immigration and Natu-
ralization is to
shortly begin revoking
Liberian citizenship
certificates in pos—
session of aliens who
have not met the
immigration require-
ments. .

According to Deputy
Immigration Commis—
sioner for Naturaliza-
tion, Mr. Sam A.
Massaquoi, aliens af-
fected from the on-
going field inspection
exercise will also be
fined between $1,000
to $5,000 for falsi-
fication. They will be
required to regularize
their travelling
documents, he said.

Speaking in an in-
terview. last Friday at
his Broad Street of-
fice, Deputy Commis-
sioner Massaquoi said
those aliens who fail
to regularize their
respective travelling
documents after the
90-day grace period,
will face deportation.

He said. the nation-

19274
CSO: 3400/1939

wide inspection exer-
cise is intended to
ascertain the validity
of citizenship certi-
ficates. as well as to
check the influx of
undesirable aliens in
the country.

He told the NEW LI-
BERIAN that immigra-
tion statistics indi-
cates that 869 aliens
were naturalized du-
ring the last five
years while so many
others have fraudu-

lently obtained citi-.
zenship by misleading

the Circuit Court.

Deputy Commissioner
Massaquoi, a :profes-
sional law enforcement
officer, cautioned the
courts "to stop natu-
ralizing aliens with-
out consulting with
the Immigration Bureau
to ascertain the sta-
tus and motives of
such persons".

Mr. Massaquoi who
served the Liberia
National Police for
several years in the
capacity as deputy
director, said "some
of the aliens might

40

LIBERIA

have ulterior motives
~ for wanting to become
citizens without meet-
ing ‘immigration re-
quirements,"

He said under the
laws, an alien must
denounce his original
nationality before de-
claring: his intention
to become a Liberian
- citizen. «Such person
must be cleared by the
Immigration Bureau be=
fore he or she can be’
-naturalized by the
court, Mr. Massaquoi
explained.

Deputy _ Commissioner
Massaquoi’ warned that
any foreigner found
without valid travel-
ling documents, will
be rounded up by the
Immigration Bureau's
field inspection team
for questioning.

. He then appealed to
naturalized Liberians
who submitted their
citizenship  certifi-
cates to the BIN for
screening some months
ago, to pick them up

to avoid  embarrass—
ment.



JPRS“SSA-86096,
June 1986

ZAIRE

RELATIONS WITH BELGIUM UNDER REVIEW
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 6 May 86 p 6
[Article by AZAP: "Zaire and Belgium at the Crossroads"]

[Text] Things are definitely stirring between Zaire and Belgium, and they
have been moving in a good direction since the recent visit to Kinshasa of
Mr Leo Tindemans, the Belgian Foreign Affairs minister.

Zaire's ambassador to Belgium, Citizen Ekila Liyonda, accompanied Mr.
Tindemans, as prescribed by diplomatic protocol. Some observers noted that
Ambassadress Ekila remained in Kinshasa for a few days after the Belgian
delegation's departure and that she used her stay to review the future of
Belgian-Zairian relations with the highest levels of government. It was no
doubt for this purpose that Citizen Ekila was seen on board the presidential
yacht M/S Kamanyola, which was anchored in the Zaire river at N'Sele, the
historic city of the People's Movement of the Revolution [MPR].

It was later learned that Ambassadress Ekila had a more than 4-hour con~
versation with the MPR founder-president.

Upon her return to Brussels, Citizen Ekila wrote a lengthy report based on
information received in Zaire and her own observations in Belgium. The
report reached Marshal Mobutu on Friday 2 May 1986. Sources that are close
to the president and have access to this kind of document are pleased to
note that Citizen Ekila called upon her legal and diplomatic training as
well as her womanly wiles.

Her report, it is said, was impressive in its objectivity, frankness, and
clear analysis of the present and desired state of relations between
Belgium and Zaire. Ambassadress Ekila enumerated a number of deeds and
gestures indicating that Belgium is definitely determined to turn over a
new leaf in respecting the dignity and sovereignty of its former colony.

Citizen Ekila suggests that Zaire adopt an appropriate attitude that would
show willingness to respond to Belgium's gestures of good will. It has
been learned that Ambassadress Ekila also suggests, among other things,
that Zaire change its position on the issue of the DC-8 Air Zaire cargo
plane that has been detained at Ostende. It is, in her words, a grain of
sand that might yet foul the mechanism of Belgian-Zairian relations.

81



JPRS“S8A-86 «067
27 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE,

NAMPULA SCHOOL TEACHES SEVERAL LANGUAGES, INCLUDING RUSSIAN
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 10 May 86 p 3
[Article by Salomao Moyana, of the Mozambican news agency AIM]

({Text] On the initiative of the provincial office of the AMASP [Mozambican

Association of Friendship and Solidarity with Peoples] in Nampula, courses

in English, French, Swahili and German have been offered in that city since
March. ’

The courses, which are being held at night in the 25 June Primary School, will
last for 7 months and 172 students are enrolled in them. .

Tadeu Manhica, provincial delegate of the AMASP, said that "the idea of creat-
ing a language school in Nampula arose because of the interest expressed by
various people who approached the AMASP, as an organization which has ties
with several countries. The individuals asked the AMASP to organize some
language classes." He added that "the idea came up 2 years ago, but at that
time we were having organizational problems and there was an electric power
shortage, which prevented us from pursuing the idea."

He noted that "once the idea had ripened, and with a better level of organiza~
tion, this year we made announcements over the radio, inviting those who felt
they had the background and the qualifications to teach these languages.

“Thus, teachers came to us and not only accepted our invitation to teach, but
also liked the idea of giving the courses because, they said, people who know
another language but seldom have occasion to use it in this country run the
risk of losing it," Tadeu Manhica explained, adding that "all the teachers

are Mozambican. The English and Swahili teachers studied-and lived in Tanzania.
The German language teacher was trained in the GDR and the French teacher was
trained in this country. :

“Generally speaking," Tadeu Manhica said, "the teachers demonstrate a quite
firm grasp of the material."

The AMASP provincial delegate added that the English course is organized in
two levels, the first of which is attended by those who are beginning students
and the second by individuals who feel they already have a grounding in the
language and want to improve their skills.

58



Sources close to the head of state indicate that on Friday, Marshal Mobutu
Sese Seko held a lengthy conversation with the first commissioner of Kengo
wa Dondo state before personally presiding over the first ministerial
meeting of the month as required by Zairian political protocol. They are
said to have discussed the subject of the report. The cabinet has not yet
taken up the matter, and the MPR Founder-President's reaction to
Ambassadress Ekila's proposal on the DC-8 cargo plane issue will not be
known for several days, as it is known that the head of state hates to
make hasty decisions.

AGENCE ZAIRE-PRESSE and a few other circles privy to information on this
issue wonder what President Mobutu's answer will be. It is hard to make
predictions because President Mobutu's dual role must be taken into con-

sideration.

If he reacts as a military man, it may be confidently predicted that his
answer will be a flat No. If he answers as the Zairian official charged
by article 36 of the Zairian constitution with the. grave responsibility of.
conducting Zaire's domestic and foreign policy, his answer may be in- .
fluenced by various, unforeseen considerations. As the saying goes, "If

a woman wants it, God wants it." Does the saying hold in this case?

Optimists may not be saying flatly that it does, but they remember ‘how.
admirably Citizen Ekila helped get things back on track when Minister
Tindeman's trip to Zaire was almost jeopardized at the last minute.

Further developments will bear watching.

8782
CSO: 3419/260

82



JPRS*SSA~86~067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA ,

BRIEFS

STRIKE AIRCRAFT TO BE DEVELOPED--Armscor should now start developing SA's
own strike aircraft, Wynand Breytenbach (NP Kroonstad) said. [Text]
[Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 15 May 86 p 5] /13046

MALAN LAUDS ARMSCOR--Minister of Defence Magnus Malan yesterday paid
tribute to Armscor for "exceptional achievements" over the past years.
Speaking during the committee stage on his vote, Malan said Armscor's
export success was proof of the quality of its products. [Text]
[Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 15 May 86 p 5]  /13046

cso: 3400/1872 END

117



accused of involvement in the
Wovember 12. abortive coup. It
has not been officially stated
whether the alleged implication
of "Big Jia” as. friends and
associates affectionately call:
hia has. any bearing on the con-

‘tinued government "ban" on the

- Business Caucus. The Caucus, a

group of young Liberian. entre-
preneurs has’ reiterated that. it
is ‘a non-political organiza-
tion. —

‘However: since “economics. and
politics’ are virtually insepa-
rable, members say they feel an

‘obligation to the saciety to

express their views on. politi-
cal developments in the country
as they ‘unfold.

Regarding student politics,
it is hardly understandable
that authorities of the Uni-
versity of Liberia, the highest
institution of learning in the
country indulged in so much
feet dragging on whether or not
to permit students to engage in
student politics.

The President of the Univer-
sity Dr. Joseph Horris a: one
time Said the decree which

placed a ban on student poli~

"tics was still in force althou-

gh he could not say what decree
he was referring to.

From the foregoing analysis,
it is clearly evident that de-
awocracy is on trial in Liberia.
The test is whether the govern-
ment and people of this great

nation can be comeitted to the’

fine ideals of democracy or
will pay lip-service to what
they have overwhelmingly
accepted as a way of life.

All said and done, Liberia
must move forward, not back-
ward. Perhaps it is necessary
to remind the government and
people of the words of
wisdom of the 18th President

William V.S. Tubman who on July
26, 1955 said "For the future
of the Republic, the welfare of
ourselves and our posterity,
I am persuaded that now just as
heretofore,- it is incumbent
upon us, collectively and in-
dividually to examine our-
selves, to determine whether or
not we ,are maintaining those
shinning principles of democra—
cy for which our ancestors sa—
crificed their lives on these
shores. The. exigencies of the
time require.it and our -own
safety demands it......"

The question to pose is whe-
ther 31-years after those memo-
rable words were uttered Libe—
ria is committed to democracy.
Regrettably, democracy is still
on trial. "

If democracy is to triumph in
Liberia, the constitution aust
be respected by all. Chapter 3
of the Constitution guarantees
fundamental rights and also
guides against tyranny and
abuse of power. Public offi-
cials should therefore be
always mindful of their actions
and people who have no. inten-
tion of respecting the consti-
tution should do themselves and
the nation a favour by not ai
cepting any public appointments
although even as private citi-~
zens they are equally liable for
not upholding the constitution.

Of particular importance is
that citizens in the public as
well as the private . sector
should be mindful of the conse-
quences of their actions for
which "they are certainly going
to answer (now or later) and
avoid any temptation to under-
gine the constitution. ‘

Of course citizens should
never expect that all public
officials
office will consider them sa-
cred and maintain strict. ad-

27

-has been largely

, does

who take oaths of.

herence. But..in instances. when

‘public officials kick against

the law their resoval should be
a matter of course.

Insensitivity. to the rights
and aspirations of the people
responsible
for untimely. deaths of many
African democratic experiments.
And so the only antidote to
societal upheavals good
government.

As democracy goes on trial,
in. Liberia, id is worthy to
note that there are a number of
issues which are a source of
worry to the entire populace.
For ‘instance, although the
constitution forbids land’ owner
-ship by aliens, an act has
now been passed by the Legis-
lature which is to grant
foreigners the right to own
land and property. If even this
amendaent is accepted by the
people in a referendus, it is
felt in many quarters that it
would not automatically sake
aliens want to invest in Libe-
ria because since they cannot
become citizens under the cons-
titution, they may still fear
future harassaent.

The confrontation between the
Press and the Justice Minister
is another pointer to the fact
that democracy is on trjal.
This issue is discussed ex-
tensively in other pages of
this publication.

At the moment there are un-
confirmed reports that the
Executive branch of governaent
intends to seek emergency
powers from the Legislature. If
such reports are true, then it
not’ augur well for a
healthy politcal ataosphere in
the country.

The fact that a planned rally
of three opposition parties was
stopped when a Writ of Pro-
hibition was filed by the Jus-



This training of cadres is important in connection with the Soviet economic
aid; other than the scholarships granted--the internships granted at univer-
.sities and technical -institutes in the USSR--all aid in the form of technical
assistance must be paid for. Technical assistance’ currently represents, on
the average, 15 percent of all Soviet aid; but in some countries that are
poorer in qualified personnel, this figure can be as high as 25 or 30 percent.
Primarily in the countries of Africa, we also find a form of technical assis-
tance that is not directly linked to specific projects and that is basically
designed to develop Soviet influence in countries which in many instances
have no development project involving the USSR. As for the scholarships,
they have made it possible to welcome an average of 24,000 Third World stu-
dents per year; these are assigned primarily to Patrice Lumumba University
for the Friendship of the Peoples, in Moscow.

Aid Total

It is unquestionably difficult to determine the total amount of Soviet aid in
precise terms. The documents of the Fourth UNCTAD (Nairobi, 1976) estimated
this aid at 1 percent of the total annual aid received by the countries of

the Third World, while the OECD put the figure for the seven socialist coun-
tries of Europe at 5 percent. In any event, we may regard this aid as slight
by comparison with the weight of these countries in the world economy. Even
iff we consider the category of commercial exchange (aid and trade incorporated
into technical assistance), the USSR accounts for barely 5 percent of the
annual trade of the Third World countries, which in turn contribute only 10
percent of the total volume of Soviet foreign trade. In 1978 Soviet aid
represented only 0.04 percent of its GNP, compared to 0.4 percent for the OECD
countries, but in both cases the figure is still far below the 1 percent of
the GNP that the Third World countries requested at the 1976 Manila Conference.
Soviet aid policy--and Soviet credit policy in particular--may at first glance
appear to be very favorable to the beneficiary countries; but the fact is that
compared to the efforts of the Western countries and even to those of China,
they contain several negative features. For example, although on the one hand
the rates of interest for the Soviet loans are always lower than those of the
Western countries, ‘the shorter "grace periods" and time limits for repayment
have the effect of canceling out the positive effect of the low interest rates.

Geographical Distribution of Soviet Aid

It is worthy of note that those zones in which the USSR signs most of its
cooperation agreements ultimately reflect a certain geopolitical strategy of
that country, namely, becanse these countries comprehend principally the
Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf, and the Indian Ocean--in other words, the
petroleum route. We can divide these countries into three categories:

First, countries that have opted for a model of a transition to socialism
(Algeria, Guinea-Conakry, Tanzania, Somalia, Syria, the People's Republic of
the Congo).

Second, countries that follow the capitalist way but accord great importance
to the public sector (India, Kenya, Zambia, Egypt, Peru, Panama, and Sri
Lanka) . i



19274
CSO:

3400/1940

"we can technically
argue that the Libe-
rian dollar is still
on the same standard
as the American dol-
lar."

Asked about the
country's foreign re-
serve position by our
reporter, Governor
Bestman warned that

, it is time for the na~

tion. to start using
its foreign exchange
more cautiously by
prioritizing what we
import.

Mr. Bestman in a,
candia assessment of

the present situation,

said Liberia can no
longer afford the
luxury of importing
things at random,
noting that it is

“shameful that we have

to import such things
as tomatoes and let-
uce.

At the Senate hear-
ing yesterday, Govern-
nor Bestman said his
bank is working with
commercial banks. here
"on a democratic
basis" to build confi-~
dence in each other
and to accept and en-
cash each other's
checks.

He also appealed to
tne commercial banks
to accept both the
five dollar coin and
the U.S. notes, noting
that current measures
veing instituted by
the National Bank will
help resurrect ~ the.
checking system and
the bankers' clearing
house. The -Chairman
of the Senate Commit-
tee on Banking and
Currency, Montserrado
County Senator Archi-
bald F. Bernard,
thanked Governor Best—
man for the briefing.

He noted that the
National: Bank hed giv-
en priority. to the
payment of salaries of
civil servants and to
finding ‘a solution to
the liquidity’ pro-
blems in the nationaz
economy, thereby en-
suing growing harmony
in the banking system.

Senator Bernard who

described Governor
Bestman as the "right
man in the right.

place," said the com-
mittee will work with

the National Bank in
its efforts to give
serious attention t.

salary and liquidity
problems.

42



Kinds of Aid: Credits and Technical Assistance

Generally speaking, Soviet aid is granted on the basis of reciprocal benefits
for both partners. This has led the USSR to occupy an ambiguous position
vis-a-vis the Third World, in that it has attempted to situate itself between
the capitalist countries, on the one hand--offering, in emulation of those
countries, its most advanced technology--and on the other hand the Third
World countries with which it wishes to deal on a basis of equality. The
Soviet aid comes in three forms: donations, which are of slight importance
and are present only in cases of natural disasters; credits; and technical

assistance.

The USSR was without doubt the first country to offer credit at low rates of
interest to the Third World countries; but these credits have almost without
exception been linked to the Purchase of Soviet equipment. We can distinguish
two types of credits: economic cooperation credits, which are government
credits linked mainly to "turn-key" projects; and commercial credits, which
Promote the economic development of the beneficiary countries by making
possible the purchase of goods, equipment, and machinery primarily.

Lines of credit opened for the financing of specific Projects always bear an
annual rate of interest of 2.5 percent for a term-of 8 or 12 years, depending
on the beneficiary country in question; the commercial credits are now linked
to rates of interest of 3 Percent or 4 percent, and are generally repayable
in 5 years, but one will also find credit agreements that have conditions
close to those of the Western credits and now represent 7 percent of all
Soviet aid. The initial credits granted by the USSR did not include so~
called "grace periods," and repayment began immediately after reception of
the last of the equipment provided, or when the project was completed. At the
Present time these grace periods range up to 2 years, which is still a far
ery from the average of 8 years granted by Western countries. The period for
repayment is on the average from 8 to 12 years but can vary: it can be
reduced to 5 years or increased to 20 years, depending on ideological proximi-
ties.

Technical Assistance

An important part of the economic aid from the USSR to the Third World coun-
tries consists of the sending of technical experts in connection with the
Projects financed by the credits. This flow of technical experts has in-
creased considerably over the years: in 1966 there were 16,500 Soviet
"experts" in the Third World; by 1976 there were already 45,345; and by 1978
this number had risen to 72,665.

their construction, the training of the local cadres and technicians, and in
certain cases even the management of the completed installations.


27 June 1986

LIBERIA

GERMAN OFFICIAL UNDERSCORES NEED FOR IMPROVED BUSINESS CLIMATE

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 19 May 86 pp 8, 6

{Text ]

A high ranking Ger-
man diplomat in Libe-
ria has underscored the

need for improving the

business climate in
order to arrest the
decline of foreign
investment.

According to Mr.
Egon H. Kochanke, the
£ -3t secretary at the
West German Embassy,
the. flight of German
private investment
which is being ex-
perienced by many. Af-
rican countries, has
been occasioned by a
number of factors
arising from economic
and political instabi-
lity.

Mr. Kochanke said
investors need a favor-
able atmosphere under
which to operate, such
as stability in the
value of local curren-
cies, continuity in
import and export po-
licies and a stable
banking system,

He disclosed that

he import. and export
regulations announced
here, esvecially that
requiring exporters
and concessionaires to
surrender 25 percent
of their, foreign ex-

19274
CSO: 3400/1941

change earnings, has
caused uneasiness
among many German in-
vestors in the coun-
try.

According to Koc-
hanke, West Germany. is
Liberia's major trade
partner in’ Europe,
with the Bong Mining
Company here being
West Germany's single

largest investment.
south of the Sahara in
Africa.

On the official
level, Mr. Kochanke
said relations between
Liberia and West Ger-
many continue to be
cordial and harmo-
nious.

The Germany first
‘Secretary stressed
that recent political
events here have in no
Way affected German-
Liberian ties, and
added that the German
government does not
attach political
strings to its assis—
tance Program to any
country,

He also disclosed
‘that during the. last
few years German fi-
nancial and technical
aid to Liberia has
neither declined nor
increased substantial-
dy.

36

German . assistance
here are mainly utili-
zed to provide water’
supplies to provincial
capitals, for integra-
ted rural development
in Nimba County, edu-

cational programs, in-
dustrial planning,

road maintenance and
communication among
others..

Mr. . Kochanke: ‘said
the availability of
more capital assis-
tance to the country
was greatly hinderedby
the Liberian Govern-
menu's indebtedn-ss to
German creditors.

He said his govern-
ment was in the pro-
cess of initiating ne-
gotiations to: provide
relief to the Libe-
rian government by
having its most pres~
ing arrears re-
scheduled.

On the Green Revolu-
tion launched here,
Mr. Kochanke said
West Germany is al-
ready playing a role
in this program
through its technical
and financial assis-
tance to the Nimba
County. . Rural Develop-
ment Program ‘(NCROP).

IPRS*SSA~86~067


/13046
cso:

Your report says that inventories and bank
debts have continued to fall in the cutting
centres and the trade is now in a better
position to finance further expansion. Could
you elaborate,

They've been reducing their stocks and

they have also been reducing their bank debt
during this decade. We believe both are
down to sound levels. If the retail jewellery
market remains satisfactory, and it looks as
though it’s going to be, it means we could
hope for higher sales than last year. We don’t
think the cutting centres would have difficul-
ty financing that, partly from their own
sources and partly from more bank borrow-
ings if necessary. Certainly, if you take
Israel, there’s been an increase in polished
exports in 1985 and a further increase in the
first part of 1986.
What changes have taken place in the jewel-
lery market itself over the past few years?
‘There appears to have been a broadening of
the market geographically.

Yes. Our promotional efforts have been
directed at facilitating that sort of change.
These efforts are directed at three main
areas. Firstly, the natural annual growth in
industrialised countries. Secondly, the new-
ly-industrialised countries whose per capita
incomes are coming to the levels where they
can afford diamonds. And, thirdly, in par-
ticular countries there are opportunities for
new markets.

You will remember how we were able to
expand the market for diamond anniversary
rings. More recently, we have been spending
part of our total budget on promotion of
men’s jewellery. We have been encouraged
to see that after a slow start, this market is
beginning to take off, particularly in the US.
But these are not fundamental changes.
They are changes at the edge of what I’ve
described as a highly flexible and adaptable
business.

How has demand for jewellery been in the
US? You say in your review that sales there
were less spectacular, and some commenta-
tors seem to believe they were disappointing.

US sales were less spectacular in 1985
than in 1984, when there was a staggeringly
high growth figure of about 19%. In 1985,
the figure was more like 6%. J call that
satisfactory and encouraging and | think you
and I would be very pleased if we had that
sort of increase in America every year. The
bulk of retail sales takes place in the second
half of the year, but the reports we are

3400/1872

getting show that sales in 1986 have re-
mained encouraging. We've got no reason to
feel sales have been disappointing in the US.
How much are you spending on promotion of
jewellery?

Last year around US$85m and this year it
will be above $90m. Future increases will
depend on how the market develops.

De Beers’ total interest-bearing dedt fell by
about R96m in 1985. Do you expect this
trend to continue from here onwards?

We would hope so. If the market continues
satisfactorily, we hope to see a further reduc-
tion in cur effective dollar debt. What the
rand debt will be at the end of the year will
depend on both that and what the rand/dol-
lar exchange rate is at the end of the year.
But we're pleased our debt is coming down
and the trend looks to be continuing.

Will Debswana’s production be higher this
year than last?

It’s early days yet, but at this stage they’re
budgeting for much the same production as
last year.

A further evaluation is being undertaken of
the Venetia prospect. How long is this likely
to take?

That depends on what we find —- but we
hope to have an indication of what it looks
like during the course of this year.

There is a view that De Beers’ dividends are
likely to increase appreciably more slowly
than earnings. Is this necessarily true?

We've never had a firm dividend policy at
De Beers, however sensible such a policy
might be for other types of business. Divi-
dends are assessed in relation to a number of
things each year. Those include the earnings,
cash on hand, total overall borrowings, other
considerations such as investment require-
ments at the time, and finally the way rough
sales are looking when the dividend is being
declared.

Do you see any potential at all for the find-
ings of the Thirion Commission to affect De
Beers’ earnings?

I would think not. In the three weeks since
the annual report went to print, we've had
further confirmation of our view expressed
there. Firstly, CDM has not in any way
failed to abide by the overall arrangements
with the government. Secondly, we were en-
couraged by the statement put out by the
government in South West (Africa) on how
they were going to approach the Thirion
Commission, and we have no evidence other
than that they are going to adopt, sensible
and reasonable policy.

116



TEACHERS SUPPORT PLAN TO CUT REQUIRED SCHOOLING

JPRS*SSA*86«067
27 June 1986

GHANA

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 3 May 86 ppl, 5

[Article by Kojo Sam]

[Text]

/13046
cso:

THE Ghana National Association of

Teachers (GNAT) has declared its sup-
port for the government’s intention to cut
down the number of years pupils spend in

both first and second cycle schools.

The move, according to GNAT, is in the right direction
hecause Ghana is the only English-speaking West African
country where children spend more years in first and
second cycle education. For instance, whereas in Nigeria,

pupils spend 13 years in these school

Mr Paul Osei-Mensah,
General Secretary -of
GNAT who expressed the
support in an interview in
Accra, said the planned cut
in the peritd of education
has come to fulfil one of
the objectives of the asso-
ciation,

‘The “Graphic” called on
him, for the GNAT’s view
on the government's plan

to change the structure of:

the upper basic (middle)
school level with a reduc-
tion in the number of years
from four to three while
secondary school educa-
tion is to be reduced from
seven to four years as an-
nounced by Dr Kwesi
Botchwey, Secretary’ for
Finance and Economic
Planning, in this year’s
budget.

Mr Osei-Mensah said
from studies conducted by
GNAT, it has been observ-
ed that people spend more
years in education than

3400/1855

working for the state if the
voluntary retiring age is
taken into consideration.
For this reason, GNAT,
he disclosed, has proposed
a six-year primary educa-

tion followed by a three- ©

‘year junior secondary edu-
cation. After this, those
who will gain admission to
secondary schools would
have to spend five years
after which they could
enter university.

Instead of the present
sixth form, there should be
diversified cottrses so that
those who cannot enter
university would have the
opportunity of pursuing
other vocation-oriented
courses to enable them to
fit into the economy.

However, if the govern-
ment insists on mamtain-
ing the sixth form schools,
then certain schcols would
have to be selected for that
purpose based on their

15

is, children in Ghana
spend 17 years.

geographical ‘and social lo-

ions instead of the pre-
sent situation in which
every school is clamouring

. for sixth form courses.

“This constitutes waste
of resources because it has
been very difficult to Sa-
isty all the sixth form

tis
~ schools with both qualified

tutors and logistic sup-
port", Mr Osei-Mensah
maintained.

The GNAT Secretary-
General also called for the
abolition of unnecessary
restrictions for entry into
university saying even
though a lot of students
have been denied univer-
sity education locally,
some of these students oft-
en gain admission to first
class overseas universities
and go on to perform bril-
liant academic wonders.

On the rather poor stan-
dard of education in both
first and second .cycle
schools, Mr Osei-Mensah
said the issue lies on the
calibre and commitment of
the present day teacher.



JPRS“SSA=86~067
7 June 1986

ANGOLA

DETAILS OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH YUGOSLAVIA GIVEN
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 24 Apr 86 p 12

[Text] In 1985, Yugoslav exports to the People's Republic of Angola reached
$29 million, said Ivan Senk, the director of the Yugoslav embassy's trade
mission in Luanda, to ANGOP.

According to Ivan Senk, Yugoslav exports, the value of which he, neverthe-
less, did not reveal, consist mainly of medical equipment, agricultural
machinery, vehicles, medicine, foodstuffs and office equipment. Whereas
Angolan products imported by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
consist of coffee, sisal and oil.

The head of the Yugoslav trade mission in Angola also considered Angola to
be one of Yugoslavia's main trading partners in sub-Saharan Africa.

On the subject of cooperation in the oil industry, Ivan Senk said that the
Yugoslav firms NAFTAGAZ and INA-NAFTAPLIN have been part of the exploration
effort on offshore bloc 3 since 1982.

The first shipment of 550,000 barrels of oil from that bloc was made in
December 1985 to Yugoslavia.

The two Yugoslav firms also participate in tests and exploration of the
"Safueiro" field where oil was recently found, added Ivan Senk.

In agriculture, Senk said that talks are not underway between the two
countries concerning possible Yugoslav participation in a water supply
project and in providing technical assistance for the Kikuxi complex which is
estimated will cost $5 million.

The $5 million will be taken from a $50 million line of credit made available
at the National Bank of Angola by the Yugoslav Foreign Investment Bank. It
will finance a program to grow fruits and vegetables in a 400 hectare tract

of land.

The head of the Yugoslav trade mission added to ANGOP that about 140 houses/
containers were supplied to the Fisheries Training Center (CEFOPESCAS) of the

Cacuaco municipality this year.

10



Party Secretary Zulu Warns Donors on Internal Interference .
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 23 May 86) .. eveccees 85

Unrest Reported at University of Zambia

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, various dates) ...sseeeeeees 86

Riots at Stude-* Leader Arrest, by Godfrey Malama 86

Students Urged To End Boycott 87

Lusaka Campus Closed 87

Administration Hopes for Resolution 89
Kaunda Praises Armed Forces, Presents Medals

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 26 May 86) ...+-e+e- cone cecccecceccconcs 90

Air Force To Airlift Maize to Drought Stricken Areas
(ZAMBIA DAILY MATL, 16 May 86) ..sceiveeeesccccceececeeees OL

Chingola Agricultural Output Expected To Double
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 19 May 86) ...sseeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeererees 92

Kaunda on Inability To Repay GDR Debt
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 23 May 86) .ecscseccececeecescsecccres 93

French Trade Delegation Arrives for Talks
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 16 May 86) .cceveccecerceccceecccseseree 94

Danish Government Pledges Aid for Road Repairs
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 21 May 86) -esseccccesccesccsesccececers 95

ZIMBABWE
Victims of RSA Raid May Sue
(Max Chivasa; THE HERALD, 23 May 86) ... 96
Mugabe Announces Plans for State Trading Corporation
(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 18 May 86) ..-.seeeeeee 97

Factors in Domestic Income Analyzed
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 16 May 86) seeceecseeeceerecesceee 98

Beef Producers Disappointed in Price Increase
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 16 May 86) .seeeeeecceeccsereeeees 100

Minister Discusses Minerals, Metals Industry Prospects
(THE HERALD, 23 May 86) ..

ee 101

Need for Another Gold Ore Plant Under Discussion
(THE HERALD, 23 May 86) .ecccescecccccccccecccceesecceees 102

Demand for Bauxite From Mozambique Mine Declines
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 16 May 86) ..sveceeceeeccsereeesee 103

-e-



JPRS*SSA~86~067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

AHI OPPOSED TO ANY ‘CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE'--Pretoria, 4 Jun, SAPA--The Afrikaanse
Handelsinstituut (AHI) /Afrikaans Trade Institute/ said today it could not
associate itself with any appeal for “civil disobedience" and regarded it as
"irresponsible." The president of the AHI, Mr Christie Kuun, was reacting to
a document released yesterday by the American Chamber of Commerce in South
Africa (AMCHAM). Mr Kuun said the AHI could not support the proposals by
AMCHAM and regarded them as "irresponsible against the background of present-
day efforts and initiatives by the government and the private sector to
eliminate friction, raise the general living standard and improve harmony in
the workplace." It approved of negotiation to discuss problems, but was "not
in favour of emotional incitment of labour against management." Mr Kuun said
the AHI had_no doubt the path of negotiation followed to date had yielded good
results. /Text/ /Johannesburg SAPA in English 1225 GMT 4 Jun 86 MB/ 12228

PRISONERS FREED--A spokesman for the prison service in Pretoria says that since
1 May, 39,156 prisoners have been released. He said those prisoners who had
been released had had their sentences reduced because of the 25th anniversary
of the Republic of South Africa. Certain categories of prisoners, however, did
not qualify for reduced sentences. These were people who had been found guilty -
of endangering state security or had been sentenced for crimes in connection
with the unrest situation. Other prisoners who did not qualify were those

who had been sentenced to more than 5 years' imprisonment for armed robbery,
crimes of violence, rape, or prisoners serving more than 8 years for house-
breaking and_theft. /Text/ /Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT
31 May 86 MB/ 12228

RACIAL CODING--The government may drop the controversial racial coding in the
new uniform identification documents. THE SUNDAY TIMES newspaper says the move
will make the document far more acceptable to nonwhites and will also make the
application of the group Areas Act very difficult and could lead to the demise
of the Population Registration Act. However, it appears that even if the racial
coding goes, all South Africans' racial classification will be kept in a central
register in Pretoria. The Progressive Federal Party and colored and Indian
members of parliament have refused to accept the part of the identification
bill that makes provision for the so-called 12th digit, which tells whether one
is white, black, colored, or even other colored. /Text/ /Umtata Capital Radio
in English 1000 GMT 1 Jun 86 MB/ 12228

cSO: 3400/1908
106


hectares of sorghum, leaving not one single seed. This was the most tragic
plague of this type by the plunderers of grain, and it left vast state farm
areas completely bare.

To make the tragic drama of the peasants in the region worse, according to
information obtained by our reporter, this farm season had been viewed as
likely to be the best in the past 5 years.

The district farm official, Mouzinho Joaquim Cebola, described the situation
as rather serious, since “the people suffered from the effects of the
grasshoppers last year, and this year they tripled their efforts in the hope
of obtaining better results and thus having larger food reserves. And now
their farms have been invaded by veritable clouds of birds.”

The infestation of birds struck the farms at a time when the district was also
suffering from outbreaks of measles and diarrhea. This situation forced the
peasants to be present in their fields to frighten the birds away at the same
time as they needed to seek health care for their loved ones.

There were cases, according to the district farm official, in which families
returned from an overnight visit to the health post 20 kilometers from their
settlement to face the fearful fact that there was nothing left to harvest.

To illustrate the tragic situation resulting from the depredation of the grain
crops by the birds, Mouzinho Cebola described the situation at the sorghum
seed-growing facility of the District Farm Office in Changara. In the fields
from which it was expected that about 60 tons of dwarf sorghum would be
harvested, only 2 tons remained after the birds had despoiled the fields.

Vegetable-Seed Shortage

The only hope of the peasants in the district of Changara is the second-season
crops, truck-garden vegetables in particular. However, this hope may also be
dashed unless emergency measures are taken to provide the needed seeds.

The people living along the banks of the Luenha and Mazoe Rivers, which run
through the district, are hastening to the river’ bottoms in the desperate hope
of producing something to offset the hunger which their faces still reflect.

The people need seeds for their onion and muskmelon crops. Without them, the
specter of hunger will continue to hover over the region, despite the efforts
of the peasants, who are doing everything possible to produce some food.

Where onions are concerned, Changara produces about two thirds of the total
production of the province of Tete.

The peanut crop is the only one for which there still some hope, although
this oleaginous crop is not extensively consumed by the people of the region.

The flights of destructive birds have affected not only the production of the
family sector, but have undermined the efforts in the cooperative sector

65



JPRS*SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

GUINEA-BISSAU

VIEIRA ELIMINATES RIVALS, TIGHTENS CONTROL
Lisbon EXPRESSO in Portuguese 17 May 86 p 38 R

[Article by J. Henriques Coimbra: "Guinea-Bissau: An Opposition To Destroy";
first paragraph is EXPRESSO introduction]

[Text] The series of deaths, in unusual circumstances, of political prisoners
in Guinea-Bissau is causing the world to have its doubts about the Guinean
method of "practicing freedom." Where is Nino Vieira headed?

Several days before President Nino Vieira left for his country to celebrate
the fifth anniversary of the 14 November 1980 coup that deposed Luis Cabral
and brought him to power in Bissau, a great Guinean fighter fell, pierced by
bullets from a military weapon, not a mere prison weapon. His name was Joao
da Silva, and he had been-~after 25 years of loyalty to the PAIGC--one of the
most representative figures of the governmental apparatus, the top man in the
armed forces hierarchy, and at the end the minister of sports.

According to the official version, Joao da Silva was killed by the prison
guards when he attempted unsuccessfully to escape; he was going to make his
escape over the roof, armed with an iron bar that he had torn loose from the
structure of the building, but was forced to jump into a courtyard where there
were guards, who then had to kill him in order to free themselves from the
threat of the "weapon" brandished by the fugitive.

The news took Guineans by surprise, and there was comment; but the passionate
speech of Joao Bernardo Vieira on 14 November of last year attempted to cover
up the matter. "No one wanted to kill him," he said. "It was his own mind
that killed him. After he was confronted with the confessions of his accom-
plices, he fled. They ordered him to halt; he didn't halt. The guard fired.
That's the law, comrades!"

Nino Vieira was speaking of those Guineans who had been accused of involvement
in an attempted coup to overthrow him-~a coup whose ringleader was alleged to
be Paulo Correia, another prominent figure in the governmental structure, who
had been regarded as "number two" on the President's own team and as a man who
had not been linked to any form of corruption.

20



TPRS«SoAnge,
27 June 198%

ANGOLA

OLL MINISTER DISCUSSES BACKING OPEC TO STEADY MARKET
A4U091910 Paris AFP in English 1841 GMT 9 Jun 86

/Excerpts/ Paris, 9 Jun (AFP)--Angola is backing current efforts by the .Organ-
ization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to stabilize the world oil
markets, Angolan Energy and O11 Minister Pedro van Dunen Loi said here Monday,

“We are prepared to accompany any action taken by OPEC," he told AFP, commenting
on the scheduled meeting of OPEC oi] ministers at Brioni, Yugoslavia, in 2
weeks' time.

The visiting minister said Angola would be prepared to cut its crude oil ‘output
from the current level of 300,000 barrels a day "in line with decisions" that

might be made by OPEC.

Crude oil at present accounts for 95 percent of Angola's foreign exchange
earnings, which have declined by one-third as a result of the sharp drop in
oil prices since last December. .

Stressing the need for cooperation among all. oil producets, Mr Loi, a minister
of state in charge of the productive sector, said: "We must do the job together,"

Mr Loi could not confirm reports that a new meeting between OPEC and thé non-OPEC
countries is to be held in the wake of the Brino meeting, scheduled to open on
25 June. But he said Angola remained in close contact with Nigeria, the leading

African OPEC producer. .

Asked whether Angola was planning to’ join OPEC, he said this question had still
to be examined by the Luanda government.

Echoing recent remarks by several OPEC ministers, Mr Loi said he was confident
that demand for crude oil would soon recover. He said the Chernobyl nuclear
plant accident might ultimately work in that direction.

/12228
CSO: 3400/1914



JPRS*SSA~86*067

27 June 1986

LIBERIA

‘DEMOCRACY ON TRIAL': APPLICATION OF CONSTITUTION QUESTIONED

Monrovia FOOTPRINTS in English Apr/May 86 pp 5-9, 45

{Text }

The denocratic experieent in
Liberia seems to be ‘wobbling.
The rebirth Liberians envisaged
when they overuhelaingly adopt-
ed a new Constitution in a re-
ferendua in 1984 has so far
proved elusive.

After three aonths of consti-
tutional rule, the political
expectations of the people are
far from realized as the Jus-
tice Winister has eaphatically
told his countrymen not to rely
entirely on the constitution.

By implication, Justice Mi-
nister Jenkins K.Z.B. Scott's
contention is that although the
constitution is the organic law
of the land, decrees and ordi-
nances -of. the previous ailitary
administration are ‘still in
force and it would therefore be
Foolhardy for anyone to ignore
thea.

This position taken by the
government has evoked criti-
cisas from politicians. The
Unity Party led by Or. Edward
B. Kesselly has questioned whe-
ther Liberia is under a civi-
lian or ailivilian fore of
government.

At the height of the contro-
versy came Chief Justice James

25

Nagbe who took the position
that all decrees promulgated by
the dissolved People's Redeap-
tion Council and the Interis
National Assembly are still in
force until they are challenged
or come in conflict with the
constitution. Before then, the
Speaker of the House of Repre-
sentatives, Samuel D0. Hill, a
former Adviser to the Head of
State on national and interna~
tional. affairs had toed the
sane line.

Justice Nagbe further argued
that the decrees are still laws
of the Republic until they are
repealed by the National Legis-
lature.

However, the controversial
question is whether the Legis-
lature would automatically rer
peal those decrees or citi-
zens are expected to challenge
thea in court.

The President of the Liberia
National Bar Association, Coun-
sellor Winfred £. Srallwood,
respected in the country for
his long years of professional
practice has said that the

statement made by the Chief
Justice cannot in his view. fore

part of Liberia's Law. Reports



FRENCH TRADE DELEGATION ARRIVES FOR TALKS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 16 May 86 p 7

[Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1877

ZAMBIA and France have
called for an end to divi-
sions by Anglophone and
Francophone countries in
the area of development.

Prime Minister Kebb
Musokotwane and ir
Bernard de Gaulle, son of
former French president
Charles de Gaulle, made
the call in Lusaka yesterday
when a ten-man French
trade delegation held talks
with the Government at
Cabinet office.

Mr Musokotwane wel-
comed the delegation’s
visit as it meant breaking
barriers between the two
worlds.

He said languages must
not divide Africa between
the Anglophone and’ the
Francophone countries but
should unite them instead.
“Let the languages be tools
of communication between
us and not of division,”’ he

94

said.

He said business was
business no matter where it
was carried out, be it in
France or Britain,
“The prime minister told
Mr de Gaulle that the

.tecent decision by the Gov-

ernment to formulate an
investment code meant that
French firms wishing to
invest in Zambia would be
welcome.

Mr de Gaulle agreed with
Mr Musokotwane and criti-
cised countries which dis-
criminated against those
who did not belong to their
sphere of. political or
economic influence.

He praised Zambia's
ambassador to France Dr

Henry | Matipa’ ~ whose
influence among the
French . business com-

munity made it possible for
the delegation to come to
Lusaka.

JPRS*SSA~86-067
27 June 1986

ZAMBIA


Students Urged to End Boycott

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 17 May 86 p 1

[Text ]

THE University of Zambia
administration last night
appealed to students to
end their class boycott
and promised to protect
those willing to resume
normal: academic activi-
ties..

A statement _ released
through the Minister of
National Guidance, In-
formation and Broad-
casting Services Mr
Milimo Punabantu said
the decision. to de-re-
gister Unzasu president:
general Mr Ben Chilufya
was based on his non-
attendance of classes and
non-participation in
academic work since
March 3,.1986.

“‘It is in the interest of all
concerned that the situa-
tion at the Lusaka Cam-
pus returns to normal as
soon as possible. This
can be done by students
desisting from behaviour
that creates ‘a situation
which is not conducive to
dialogue."”

The administration deplor-
ed the action taken by
some students to assault
the principal, Professor
Kasuka Mwauluka and

.’ the malicious damage to
property.

Actions of that nature could

only be to the detriment

of not only the students,
but the institution and
the country as a whole,
‘the statement said.

Explaining the action taken
against Mr Chilufya, the
administration said the
senate'required that any
student who absented
himself from classes for
more than three weeks
must be de-registered.

The administration said
some students ‘who were
among the most vocal
had not put much effort
in their academic work
and were behind
schedule. “It is these
students who now want
to drag the rest ‘of the
students into their
failures."

Since there were only three
weeks before the final
examinations, the ad-
ministration felt that
students who wished to
continue with their
studies and sit for final
examinations must be
given every opportunity
todoso,

Besides protecting | those
resuming classes, the ad-
ministration assured that
dining facilities disrupt-
ced) during the dis-
turbances would be

restored,

“Any student or students.
trying to perpetuate acts
of violence should not
expect i from
the administration, By
the same token, students
who. wish to. return: to
normal academic act-)
ivities will, be offered
protection,”” said the
statement,

And director of the Depart-
ment of Technical
Education and Vocational
Training (DTEVT). Mr
Richard Lubasi has called
on colleges in his depart-
ment to give the teaching
of communication skills
the prominence it de-
serves, reports Zana.

Mr Lubasi said, teaching of
communication skills
under English for special
Purposes programme.
should be emphasised in
colleges because it was
crucial for efficiency in
industry.

Mr -Lubasi_ was speaking
af College Hotel when he
reccived a report on the
evaluation of the English
language for special
Purposes communication
skills teachers upgrading
programme,

He said communication

Lusaka Campus Closed

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 19 May 86 p 1

THE University of Zambia (Unza)
main campus in Lusaka has been clos-
ed indefinitely and all students order-
ed to leave the premises with im-

{Text ]

mediate effect.

Heavily armed paramilitary police and of-
ficers from the special division ringed the

87

TPRS*884~8 60067
27 June 1986

skills in industry contri-
buted to efficiency by
enabling workers to
follow instructions close-
ly and avoid accidents.
The report was compiled by
Mr Joseph Mukuni, Mr
Ban. Kapena and. Mr
Geoff Tambulukani. Mr
Kapena and Mr Tambu-
lukani are senior staff
training officers in the
department while Mr
Mukuni is a lecturer at
the National Institute for
Public Administration
attached to the Technical
and Vocational Teache

Training — College n
Luanshya.
ort funded -by the
h Council ree

commended that DTEVT
should institute regular
English for specific
Purposes specialist guid-
ance to” communication
skills teachers,

The — report the
majority of teachers in
communication skills
used ‘cither old metho-
dology or texts which
were inappropriate to
their students.

“The evaluation team feel:
that this was) becau:

. teachers had stayed too
long without being
evaluated,”



JPRS“SSA-86-067
27 June 1986

ANGOLA

MEASURES TO IMPROVE SUPPLY OF GOODS DEBATED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 18 Apr 86 p:3
[Article by Fernando Raimundo]

[Excerpts] ‘The second general meeting of the Huila Provincial Food Supply
Council was held in Huila to examine the province's distribution and supply
of. goods during the first quarter of 1986. The council adopted important
measures aimed at improving the people's quality of life.

The meeting was held in the main hall of the Huila People's Assembly under
the chairmanship of Jose Sumbo, the council's coordinator. A majority of
council members were in attendance. The council assessed the level of
compliance with the findings and conclusions reached in its previous meet—
ing. It examined the level of food production, distribution and sales.

Some of the more important conclusion reached at this meeting (which was
attended by Lopo Nascimento, Huila Province Commissar and member of the
party's central committee) concerned the low level of sales in the country-
side. The council recommended to all organizations involved in bringing
food to market to make greater efforts in the future. :

Once again, the council noted deviations from the established norms in the
transportation and distribution of goods. It recommends that improvements
be made in the organization of domestic trade associations and the strict
application of the laws applicable to this field.

The meeting directed the provinical UNTA to reduce the Proletariat Fair
to 30 days instead of the 60 that had been planned. The reason for this
is the lack of goods in this province. It directed that more dried fish,
salt and canned meats be sold to the rural population.

Lopo do Nascimento's address at the council's closing session urged those
present. to give priority to supplying dried fish, meat, bread, salt,
beverages. and finished goods to the people, especially rural people because
only then can production and productivity increase on the farms, ,
cooperatives, farmers' association, factories and production centers.



KAUNDA ON INABILITY TO REPAY GDR DEBT

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 23 May 86 p 7

[Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1879

EAST BERLIN. — Za-
mbia is unable to repay
debis ‘to? the German
Democratic Republic at
present, President Kaunda
was on Wednesday quoted
as saying,

Dr Kaunda, speaking in
an interview published in
the GDR newspaper
Berliner Zeitung, appeal
for further —_ economic
support, and said he had
asked East Berlin for par-
ticular help in profit-
sharing joint agricultural
Projects. .

“Our problem — and
I am very sorry to say this

+ — is our present inability

to pay back what we owe
to our GDR colleagues
and comrades. But we will
find a new way out of this
situation,” he said.

Dr kaunda’s comments
were a rare published
reference here to debts
owed to GDR-by African
countries including Ethio-
ia, Angola and Mozambi-
que, for development pro-
jects launched in the
1970s.

President named a
jointly developed farm
project — the airport farm
near Lusaka — as an exe-
mplary scheme. ‘One
of our ideas is to let these
farms work as GDR-Za-
mbian joint enterprises

“and pay the GDR back out

of the profits,” he said.

93

JTPRS«SSA+86+067
27 June 1986

ZAMBIA



FACTORS IN DOMESTIC INCOME ANALYZED

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 16 May 86 p 21

[Text ] THIS week we look at gross na-
tional income. Table I shows the
relative contribution of labour
and capital to the national econo-
my. The total of $5 081m reflects

the gross domestic income at fac-

The aggregate figures given in
Table II tend to obscure the under-
lying reality. In order to fully un-
derstand the national income figures
we need to break down the total
‘wages and salaries’ figures, and the

Gross Domestic Income (at factor prices):

Table 1
1983 National Income Figures
. Value $m ‘Shage of NI
Wages and Salaries 3015 59.3
Gross operating profits 1995 39,3
Rent 1 14

508i

00

tor cost.

Indirect taxes and subsidies have
not yet been taken into account and
net investment income paid abroad
had not yet been subtracted.

Table I showed that labour con-
tributed 59% of the national ii
come, capital (profits) contributed
39% and rent 1% in 1983. Table II
shows that labour has increased its
share of national income from 50%
in 1974 to a peak of 61,5% in 1978
and back to its current level of
59,3% in 1983.

As is to be expected, the years in
which labour’s contribution is at its
peak (1977 and 1978) are the years
in which the contribution of capital
is at its lowest. The years 1977 and
1978 represented the climax of the
war and in such periods capital is
usually on the retreat.

total ‘profit’ figures into their
respective components.

Table IIT gives an ideal of the
growth and changes in the standard
of living (at money and real values)

in Zimbabwe. The calculation of per
capita income being based on GNI
divided by the total population
suffers from overgeneralisation.
A large proportion of the com-
munal sector income would not
have been included in the national
income as the peasant farmer con-

Table IIT
Gross National Income; Money, Real and per capita values
Real Figures Deflated Figures
Year GNiat current Total Pop. Pee capita” | GNI at Per capa
prices ($m) (00's) GNI 1980 prices GNI
194 (1 821 6 180 5 2928 ae
1975 1953 6390 306 2915 456
176 2108 6 600 319 2936 445
7 21s) 6510 316 2 908 42
1978 2230 7020 318 2733 ‘389
1979 2658 7240 367 2931 405
1980 3396 7480 454 3.396 454
1981 4318 770 “359 3801 42
We 4957 7985¢ at 3716 465
1983 5142 8 249" 696 378 456
+1982 and 1983 population Figures have heen estimated hased on a 3.3% pa growth rate-on 1981
Tigues

98

JPRS«Ssang6 06
“067
27 June 1986

ZIMBABWE


JPRS*SSA~86+067
27 June 1986

" SOUTH AFRICA

TURNING POINT SEEN IN DIAMOND PRODUCTION

De Beers Figures Given

Johannesburg FINANCIAL MAIL in English 9 May 86 pp 28-29

[Article by Andrew McNulty]

[Text]

After the hard assets boom of the late
Seventies, the slump came in 1981 and
De Beers passed its dividend for the first
time in 50 years. But now, after five hard
years, the turning point has come and the
market views the share as firm on funda-
mentals,

“I still can’t figure out why the Central
Selling Organisation is the only cartel I know
of that has never failed and that seems tc
satisfy both producers and dealers. I also
caa’t understand why it pays De Beers tu
control their sights so tightly. None of the
explanations I have heard really satisfies me
and yet there must be a good reason.” —
Economist Milton Friedman after visiting
SA in April 1976.

Friedman’s puzzlement at De Beers’ appar-
ent success almost proved prophetic, Soon
after he said this, diamond sales were soaring
in an inflation-driven hard assets boom.
When the 1981 collapse came, and De Beers
cut its dividend for the first time in 50 years,
large stocks of gem diamonds were held in
the trade, outside the safe haads of De Beers
and the Central Selling Organisation
(CSO). For the first half of the Eighties,
sales of rough diamonds remained disap-
pointing, CSO diamond stocks climbed 10 a
dizzy R4,7 billion, and De Beers’ borrowings
soared to R1,36 billion.

Many analysts and investors questioned
whether De Beers would ever regain its grip
‘on the world diamond industry. Yet in the
past 12 months, the share has been seen as
one of the JSE’s truly outstanding recovery
stocks. Like most mining companies, De
Beers’ share has been fuelled by the weak
rand. But where it differs from almost all
other: except platinum producers is that De
Beers is now seen to be enjoying a powerful
upsurge on fundamentals.

First confirmation of underlying recovery
came with the figures for sales of rough
diamonds in 1985 and the preliminary yéar-
end profits. Apart from the 95% increase in
earnings, which are magnified by exchange
rates, stocks had finally declined in real
terms.

Normality returning

In his review this week, and in an interview
with the FM, chairman Julian Ogilvie
Thompson offers even more positive assur-
ances that normality is returning and De
Beers is firmly back in control. :

His comments suggest that: after stagnat-
ing for half a decade, CSO sales should again
move more directly with sales of polished
diamonds. And world sales of retail jewellery
have increased for all but two of the last 15
years. Last year they rose by 3% to another
record at US$21,63 billion. The best growth
was seen last year in non-US markets, aided
by the weaker dollar; this year the low oil
price and firmer US economy should help
sales there as well.

This sets the scene for a considerable in-
crease in volumes, which would be accompa-
nied by better margins. The quality and sizes

114


The first step taken by the UNICEF in this region was a land survey designed
to locate the best soils, as well as an inventory of the main crops. This
activity was begun in May of last year, following which the various Labor
fronts currently active were launched.

First Windmill

Last February, the construction and installation of the first windmill were
completed, with a view to the definitive resolution of the drought problems,
thus guaranteeing abundant production throughout the year.

The first windmill built is located in the settlement of Kapimbe, where there
are three farm cooperatives-~Eduardo Mondlane, 3rd Congress and 1 May. On an
average, according to data obtained locally by our reporter, one windmill will
serve two farm cooperatives. In all there are at present nine farm
cooperatives.

Now that the first windmill has been built and installed, construction work on
the associated reservoir, from which water will be channeled to the state
farms, is under way. \

The construction work on these windmills is being done by Mozambican personnel
duly trained for the purpose. Two other windmills are under construction, and
it is expected that all will be ready before next May, at which point the
first phase of the Rural Development Project will have been completed.

\
Improved Farm Techniques

\

The N'Timangau project basically involves ‘the introduction of improved farm
techniques inorder to raise the peasants’ productivity indices. Our reporter
learned that N'Timangau now has a tractor, which is being used in the work on
the state farms in the cooperative sector.

In addition to the introduction of this type of technology, the local peasants
are acquiring new knowledge related to farming. These techniques are being
taught to the peasants in N'Timangau by basic farm technicians.

For example, the industrious peasants of the region are being taught the
techniques of spacing the planting of their crops, and they are also becoming
familiar with methods of calculating the index of productivity for each plot
of ground planted. Some of the peasants have already mastered the technique
of spraying to combat the insect plagues which have consistently devoured the
harvests they have sacrificed so much to raise.

It is in fact a question of introducing basic new farm techniques which will
gradually transform the traditional survival farming into an activity which
will progressively ensure the well-being of each and all more effectively.

Parallel with this, the family sector is also growing as new farming
techniques, the use of turnplows in particular, are introduced. Data
collected in the region indicate that a substantial volume of farm tools has
just been distributed to the people in the vast district of Changara.

61



For the reasons set forth above, there is no trade activity as such in
Changara. What does occur sporadically is the sale or distribution of various

articles and basic consumer goods items received there as supply shipments or
gifts.

The shortage of clothing and the prevalence of illness, which is made more
acute by the dearth of soap, constitute a veritable scourge, despite the fact

that substantial quantities of clothing have been donated by the international
community.

Oil, matches, salt, and cloth are unavailable, just as there are no outer
garments or blankets. At the same time, no economy, however strong it may
be, could provide food, clothing, shoes, education and medical care for a
whole people when, in their majority and for reasons beyond their control,
they do not produce even a minimum. No trade network exists, just as there is
no significant productive activity. The people of Mozambique are bearing up
in self-sacrificing and impressive fashion in a wartime situation and through
the worst stage in its history any people could experience.

Even the cooperative trade network is facing the same general problem created

by low farm production, which in turn is the result of the banditry and
successive natural calamities.

The small quantities which do reach a district or locality remain in the end
in the hands of a limited few who laugh at the suffering of their neighbors.
Favoritism, nepotism and speculation are not practiced in the large cities
illuminated by "dazzling neon lights" alone, but have already reached the
rural sector, with equally cruel results. And the country is sinking into the
mire of a “save your own skin" philosophy.

The Tragedy of the Rural Teachers

The difficulties of various sorts which are currently affecting a large part
of Mozambican society, with heavy incidence in the rural sector, have not
spared the education sector, and the same is true of the literacy and adult
education program.

The positive fact that the school network in the district of Changara, which
includes 57 schools and centers, is 90 percent operational, does not mean that
the results to be obtained are equally satisfactory.

a

The serious problem faced by the 190 teachers, the majority of them young
people, who instruct the first through sixth grades, is placing the final
results in jeopardy, thus frustrating all of the dedication, dynamism and
great patriotism so often demonstrated by the new generation of teachers in
our independent fatherland.

The crucial problem is the disparity between the goals established centrally
and the resources later made available for realizing them. The problem is in
fact an almost total lack of books, basic school materials for the students
and manuals for the teachers, among other things.

67



JPRS*SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

CABINDA FRONT DENOUNCES UNITA OPERATIONS--Brazzaville, 31 May (AFP)--The move-
ment seeking independence for Angola's Cabinda Province Saturday denounced
operations in the oil-rich northern enclave by units of the Angolan opposition
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). A statement
signed by the president of the Cabinda Liberation Front (FLEC), Nzita Endriques
Tiago, and received by AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE here said the UNITA presence in
Cabinda "only reinforced the Angolan occupation" of the enclave, which is
separated from the rest of Angola by a strip of Zairian territory. The text
said that UNITA, a South African and U.S.-backed rebel movement led by Jonas
Savimbi, had never come out in favor of independence for Cabinda, on which
Angola relies for its oil supplies and foreign exchange earnings. UNITA has
launched sabotage attacks against Cabindan oil installations, some of them
operated by the U.S. firm, Gulf Oil, as fwords indistinct/ strategy of weakening
the economy in order to topple the left-wing government of President Jose
Eduardo dos Santos, The independence movement said that the enclave's popula-
tion would "fiercely resist" anyone who ignores the "specificity of CABINDA."
The movement added that whatever its "logstical, material or other difficulties,"
it would never become an "ally of the South African racists." /Text/ /Paris
AFP in English 1416 GMT 31 May 86 AB/ 12228

TRADE WITH PORTUGAL--The People's Republic of Angola exported 336,645 tons of
various goods worth about 14 million escudos to Portugal last year, ANGOP learned
in Lisbon. A source in the Portuguese Institute of External Trade said that
among the goods exported by Angola, petroleum is worthy of special notice.

Angola exported 331,318 tons of petroleum worth 11,860,503 escudos. Other
important Angolan exports were coffee at 4,987 tons, skins at 120 tons, and
textile fibres at 117 tons. On the other hand, over the same period Angola
imported 86,284 tons of various merchandise worth 26,432,394 escudos. The

trade balance is currently in favor of Portugal, but it may show a certain
equilibrium by the end of this year as Angola has increased its petroleum exports
to Portugal and there has been a reduction in Portuguese exports’ to Angola.
/text/ /Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 1200 GMT 10 Jun 86 MB/ 12228

CSO: 3400/1914

12



DANISH GOVERNMENT PLEDGES AID FOR ROAD REPAIRS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 21 May 86 p 1

[Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1876

THE Danish government is
to mobilise between $40
and $50 million for road
maintenance in Zambia,
its ambassador to Zambia
Mr Thomas Schjerbeck said
in Lusaka yesterday.

He said his government
would approach the World
Bank and other donor agen-
cies to provide the money.
Feasibility studies had
already been conducted on
the project .cxpected to
take about four years.

Speaking in an interview,
Mr Schjerbeck said studies
had been completed and a
report compiled. The report
was a prerequisite to the
project as it would help to
convince donor agencies on
the necessity of road
maintenance in Zambia, he

said.

All local major roads
would be covered under the
programme. These are
Lusaka-Livingstone road,
Lusaka-Chipata_ road,
Lusaka-Chingola road and
Kapiri © Mposhi-Nakonde
road. '‘Some of these toads
like the Lusaka-Livingstone
road are almost impassable

95

because of potholes,’ he
said. .

Mr Schierbeck disclosed
that his government had
given 30 million kronas
(about $3.5 million) for this
programme which included
feasibility studies of which
about $2.2 million had been
used on the initial work of
the project.

“Every kilometre has
been specified according
to its need.and condition.
What is required is to dig
into the sub-surface of the
roads. It’s a- very heavy
construction task."” -

Asked how much Zambia
was contributing towards
the project, Mr Schjerbeck
said his government had
decided to help out because
Zambia was going through
economic problems.

“This is a big question
because the Zambian
Government does not have:
funds. They have pro-
blems7’’ he said,

Last March, Minister of
Works and Supply Mr Has-
well Mwale told Parlia-
ment that the Government
needed K2 billion to repair
all roads in the country.

JPRS«SSA~86~067
27 June 1986

ZAMBIA



ASHANTI GOLDFIELDS CORPORATION IN FINANCIAL CRISIS

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 2 May 86 p 5

[Article by Boniface Ablekpe]

[Text]

13046
cso:

3400/1855

THE Ashanti Goldfields
Corporation (AGC) is in
a precarious financial
position as the reserves
built up over the years
are being eaten up by
the recent salary and
wages increases.

It therefore requires the
concerted efforts: of the
management, senior staff
and junior workers alike to
increase output in order to
build up a-strong finaneial
reserve base to keep: the
mine running.

These views were ex-
pressed by Mr Mike Bot-
tomley, managing director
of the AGC, at a two-day
seminar organised for the
management, Senior Staff
Association, the CDR and
the Union in Obuasi.

He was speaking on the
topic “The past. present
and future of the AGC vis a
vis the current expansion
programme going on at the
mine.”

‘The managing director
said over the years, practi-
cal expansion programmes
had been drawn and new
innovations introduced to
prolong the life span of the
mine and increase output
to make it the most econo-
mical venture in the
country.

He lamented however
that lack of inputs had al-
ways held back the attain-
ment of these goals.

17

Mr Bottomley said in
1982 for example when the
corporation operated at a
loss, all. efforts to raise fo-
reign loans to push forward
its expansion programmes
failed because there was
nothing to convince the
donors that the fortunes of
the corporation might
change for the better.

This, coupled with the
drought’ in 1983 and the
rising cost of prices in the
country contributed to
make the corporation wor-
se off.

The managing director
stressed however that the
sound économic policies
introduced by the PNDC
which were aimed at en-
couraging and promoting
the export sector have
helped in raising some
loans to push through its
expansion programmes
and for rehabilitation
work. .

-He reminded thé work:
ers that the corporation
also has to raise some
funds from its own sources
equal to the loan obtained
for the expansion pro-
gramme to be completed
and called for co-operation
among all categories of
workers on the mine to
team up to sustain the
mine. .

JPRS.

27 *8"884~86.

ne 1986

GHANA

067



/13046
cso:

This also confirmed what the
Malawi leader had said at the
opening of the Meeting of Parlia-
ment on March 11. The Life
President had said from what he
had seen during his crop inspec-
tion tour in January and
February, the country will have a
bumper harvest of every crop this
year. “There can be no question
of starvation or dire poverty in
this country,” the Ngwazi stated
time and again during the tour.

The Finance Minister pointed
out that the improvement in the
economy would be reflected in
the improved revenue situation
for the government.

In reviewing the financial year
ending on March 31, 1986, the
Minister said that the economy
was still affected by transport
bottlenecks with the closure of
the traditional routes to the sea.

Malawi's outlets to the sea
were now Durban in South Africa
and Dar-es-Salaam in Tanzania.

At the same time government
expenditure had exceeded re-
venue receipts.

After the Minister delivered his
Statement, four document were
inssued to Members of Parlia-
ment and government officials.
These are documents Numbers 1
to 4 - Estimates of Expenditure
on Revenue Account, Estimates
of Expenditure on Development
Account, Financial Statement
1986/87 and Economic Report
1986.

3400/1857

46

In the Revenue Account the
overail amount of money voted by
Parliament is K547,018,462 to be
spent by the government.

The Ministry of Education and
Culture has received the sum of
K51,248,502, the highest figure
for any single Ministry or Depart-
ment. This reflects the impor-
tance government puts in educa-
tion in this country.

The Ministry of Health gets
K35,201 ,260.

In the Development Account,
which represents the money
spent on development projects,
the overall amount allocated is
K186,100,916.

The money for this is mostly
from external sources such as
the World Bank and African
Development Bank (ADB).

Transport, which covers the
development of transport infras-
tructure such as roads, bridges,
railways, airports, receives the
highest amount of money. The
amount of money is
K42,510,474.

The development of transport
systems is very important in the
overall development of Malawi.

The next highest amount of
money has gone to agriculture.
The amount is K34,763,846.

Parliamentarians expressed
the view that despite transport
bottlenects the country can look
to a bright future because of its
leadership and hard work by the
people in the rural areas and
elsewhere@®


AIR*BORCE TO AIRLIFT MAIZE TO DROUGHT STRICKEN AREAS

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 16 May 86 p5

[Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1876

ZAMBIA Air Force (ZAF)
sis to start airlifting the
2,000 bags of maize. that
had been marooned at
Lundazi Boma for almost a
year now to famine-stricken
ateas of Chitungulu, Mwa-
nya and Kazembe.

The food, donated by the
World Food Organisation,
could not be transported by
road to the affected areas
because of impassable
roads caused by heavy
tains that swept across the

district this year. .

Lundazi district social se-
cretary, Mr. Moses Si-
mumba said that. the
national . contingency and
planning committee had
asked ZAF to airlift the
food to the areas and said
the exercise. will take 14
days.

Mr Simumba said this

91

would be a great relief to
the people in the affected
areas. He also said the poor
state. of roads in the area
had’ caused shortages of
drugs in clinics there. The
area had been cut off from
the rest of the district’as the
heavy rains washed away
bridges and dams.

To lessen the burden on
the government to be airli-
fting food to the valley
areas, the Food and Agri-
culture Organisation (FAO)
is now trying to encourage’
the Party and its Govern-.
ment to build small storage:
sheds in those areas ‘to.

stockpile food.
Meanwhile, Monze Di-
strict Council — needs

K90,000 to grade all roads
leading © to production
centres in readiness for
maize haulage programme.

JPRS*SSA*8

6+067

27 June 1986

ZAMBIA



APPLICATIONS FILED BY 25 INDEPENDENT CANDIDATES

Monrovia DAILY STAR in English 20 May 86 pp 1, 2.

[Text ]

About 25 appli-
cations from inde-
pendent candida~
tes. have now been
filed to the Elec-

tions | Commission
(ECOH) for the
ensuing municipal

and by-elections,
the Chairman of
ECOM, wr. Isaac
Randolph said ‘in
an interview yes-
terday.

According to
Chairman Randolph,
the Commission is
still encoyraging
interested .candi-
dates to apply in
order to facilita-
te the holding of
these elections.

Chairman Ran-
dolph said the
Commission's anti-
cipation is’ to
ensure that at
least, four appli-
cations are filed
to the Commission
for each of the
vacant seats,
because, according

19274

csO: 3400/1939

to him, “we
believe that all
those who applied
may not pass the
exercise."

He © explained
that following the
filing of the
applications, the

Commission would
issue to those
candidates pre-
qualification re-
quirement forms
for filing after
which they would
return same to the
Commission.

fle. pointed out
that after comple-
ting said forms
and returning them
to ECOM, the

Commission would,
in turn, evaluate
them before those
candidates are
qualified or
declared eligible
to run for the
position so
desired.

Giving a break-
down for the

applications re-
ceived thus far,
Chairman Randolph
noted that two
were received for
the Montserrado
senatorial posi-
tion left vacant
by the LAPrefusal
to accept the
seai.. two for
Nimba, and one for
Margibi County.

He said for
other Legislative
seats, one appli-
cation was re-
ceived from the
Zota and Kpantakpa
District, and two
from Suacoco Dis~
trict in Bong
Gounty respective-
Ye
He pointed out
that for the muni-
cipal elections
in the various
counties, the Con-
mission’ has re-
ceived one or two
applications from
those . areas,
except for Green-

29

.

JPRS*SSA*86+067

27 June 1986

LIBERIA

ville, Sinoe Coun-
ty whére a total
of five - applica-
tions were re-
ceived from in=
terested indepen-
dent candidates
there. .
Chairman Randolph
said since the
number of applica-
tions received
thus far is small
the elections can-
not be held until
the . equired
number of . appli-
cations is rea~

lized.
‘He then appealed

to individual
citizens of those
areas "to come and
apply" so that the
pre-qualification
requirement forms

would be made
available to
them, and there-

after the candi-
dates be  evalua~
ted und quali-
fied for . trhe
elections.



JPRS*SSA-86 4067
27 June 1986

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

SOVIET GRANT FOR DAM CONSTRUCTION--The Soviet Union is to grant Ethiopia 70
million birr (about 33 million dollars) to construct a dam in the Gambella
region of Illubabor province, where several thousand drought victims have \
been resettled. The dam will enable 9,000 hectares of land to be irrigated.
The money from Moscow will partly be used to purchase building materials

from the Soviet Union. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English
17 May 86 p 7] /9274

csO: 3400/1880

13



Work in Mozambique

The second phase, which began in March 1986 and ended early this month [May],
consisted in the “dramatization,” i.e., the actual testing of a whole body
of collected data in some neighborhoods and work places.

The company SUGERE, Alto da Manga District and the Manga primary schools were
the locations selected.

"Generally, it was noted that not all the participants were sufficiently informed
about the project, to the point that it led to difficulties, particularly at
SOGERE,". our interviewee said.

In addition to members of the Cadre Training Department of the DNEA, provincial
4nstructors from Niassa and Nampula provinces participated in this work. The
other provinces were not represented, claiming they had no means of transpor-
tation.

“I think this phase had its ups and downs. We will try harder to see that
the next phase will be better," Aldavanda Martins assured.

The third phase, which will get underway this month, consists in training new
cadres who will be somewhat more specialized. For admission to this course,
the participant must have reading skills beyond the sixth-grade level. In this
course, new teaching methods will be introduced, geared to the needs of adult
education. In this phase, which is decisive, the instructors are all at the
ninth-grade level and received special instruction during the second phase.

“To be sure that the instructors are well trained, we set up a teaching work-
shop here, using a new methodology, and we are really finding that we are going
to achieve good results, because the enthusiasm has been great. I liked the
spirit of investigation that reigned here," Aldavanda Martins concluded.

The course will be accelerated, to conclude in December or the first 2 weeks
in January, in order to allow time for the final evaluation of the project,
which constitutes the fourth phase.

6362
CSO: 3442/225

57



JPRS“SSA*86+067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

KANGWANE'S. MABUZA CRITICIZES MEETINGS BAN--Johannesburg, 6 Jun, SAPA-~The ban
on all meetings concerning 16 June and the warring of a possible new state of
emergency being imposed by government are provocative moves in a volatile
situation, Kangwane's chief minister said today. In statement to SAPA, Mr Enos
Mabuza, said the South African police and the South African Defence Force may
indeed subdue any unrest, but the fact of the matter is that they cannot
resolve the problems which have given rise to the current unrest. "The South
African Government needs to address the immediate girevances of our people as
well as their political aspirations," he said. Mr Mabuza added: "The struggle
of the black people for liberation is not aimed at destroying whites but at
destroying apartheid. "I have never advocated violence to force change in any
circumstances and I call on all South Africans to remain calm during this

emotionally charged time." /Text/ /Johannesburg SAPA in. English 1105 GMT
6 Jun 86 MB/ 12228

BLACK UNEMPLOYMENT UP--Pretoria, 5 Jun, SAPA--The number of unemployed blacks
in South Africa and the homelands in March 1986 increased by 5.1 percent to
533,000 from March last year, the Central Statistical Service reported in
Pretoria today. ‘The unemployment rate for March was 8.2 percent, .2 percent
down from February this year. Some 6.49 million blacks of the estimated
19,186,000 blacks in the RSA and the homelands were economically active, the _
service estimated. /Text/ /Johannesburg SAPA in English 1403 GMT 5 Jun 86 MB/
12228

UNEMPLOYMENT AID FOR BLACKS--CAPE TOWN--A relief scheme for unemployed whites,
Indians and coloured people may be extended to blacks. Mr Leslie Davadoss,
general secretary of the Engineering Industrial Workers' Union, said Mr Timo
Bezuidenhoud, regional director of the Department of Co-operation and
Development, had promised to discuss this with his head office in Pretoria.

The scheme was started last October to help people whose unemployment insurance
fund (UIF) benefits had run out. Social relief schemes did not fully serve
their purpose--especially where people were unemployed for long periods.
Families get R164 per adult and R49 per dependent child monthly. This can be
in addition to unemployment benefits, but relief payments are reduced when a
family is drawing from the UIF. Mr Davadoss said the union was concerned that
the scheme did not apply to blacks, often out of work longer than other groups.
“Times are hard. We seem to spend much of our time arguing with firms about
retrenchment packages and we can't find new jobs for them,” he said. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE STAR in English 28 May 86 p 15] /12379

110



JPRS*SSA«86«067
27 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NEW STUDENT GROUP TO COMPETE WITH NUSAS LAUNCHED
MB041138 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1103 GMT 4 Jun 86

ffext/ Durban, 4 Jun, SAPA--A student organization to combat the NUSAS "mono-
poly" was launched at the University of Natal Durban campus today.

The Durban Student Allliance (DSA) said in a statement it was a "moderate...
organization committed to the creation of a better South Africa along free
market lines."

DSA chairman, Mr Jonathan Poole, said theiaim of the organization was to pro-
vide "a political platform for students committed to breaking NUSAS (National
Union of South African Students) control over campus which is being maintained
through the system of compulsory membership."

The organization would promote a programme of political and economic reform
"based on the free market system and the rule of law."

Mr Poole attributed what he said was widespread support and interest shown by
students in the formation of DSA to "the growing dissatisfaction amongst the

student body with the militancy of the left-wing."

Students were “eager to show their opposition to NUSAS by ending the monopoly
which radicals have had over student politics," Mr Poole said in the statement.

The DSA planned to affiliate to the National Student Federation (NSF) "in the
near future," the statement added.

Miss Meryl Plaskett, SRC /Students Representative Council/ president on the
Durban campus, said the SRC welcomed the formation of the alliance as it would
give the right-wing a voice with which to identify and would hopefully stimulate
further political debate on campus which the NUSAS SRC had been doing for years.

"Contrary to the claim that NUSAS controls campus, campus controls NUSAS through
democratically elected SRCs, for which any student can stand and vote. NUSAS
consists of SRCs of affiliated campuses in a loose federation of SRCs and
NUSAS local committees.

"We hope the alliance will put forward candidates in SRC elections, unlike
their fellow organizations on other NUSAS campuses which have used their endless
sources of mysterious funding to solely discredit SRCs and NUSAS."

/12228 112
cso: 3400/1921



Expanded Output of Quality Tobacco Urged
(THE HERALD, 18 May 86) ..cceccccecccecscccccccvcececccece

Briefs
Trade With U.S
Housing Backlog
SOUTH AFRICA
AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT
Briefs
AHI Opposed to Any 'Civil Disobedience'
Prisoners Freed
Racial Coding

BLACKS

Buthelezi Notes Significance of Soweto Anniversary
(SAPA, 5 Jun 86) wesececcccececeeeesvcssseeeeeees

Mrs Sisulu Urges Women To Unite Against Violence
(SAPA, 2 Jun 86) weccecscecccececccccenescceseececeeees

Drought Ravages Lebowa
(Sophie Tema; BUSINESS DAY, 26 May 86) ...ccccvccecceececs

Briefs
Kangwane's Mabuza Criticizes Meetings Ban
Black Unemployment Up
Unemployment Aid for Blacks
Soweto Defense Urged

SOCIOPOLITICAL/OTHER

New Student Group To Compete With NUSAS Launched
(SAPA, 4 Jun 86) ..

Briefs
Forced Removals Opposed
-TUCSA Opposes Police

INDUSTRIAL/S&T

Turning Point Seen in Diamond Production
(FINANCIAL MAIL, 9 May 86) ..cccecccccceeccecccneceescuvcs

De Beers Figures Given, by Andrew McNulty
De Beers Chairman on Recovery

Briefs
Strike Aircraft To Be Developed
Malan Lauds Armscor
-f-
17310

104

105
105

106
106
106

107

108

109

110
110
110
111

112

113

113

114
114
115

117
117


Administration Hopes for Resolution

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 22 May 86 p 1

[Text]

THE University of Zambia (UNZA) administra-
tion is working out measures to have its main
Lusaka campus. reopened soon to enable
students-o sit for their examinations. :

Vice-chancellor Dr Jacob
Mwanza said in Lusaka
yesterday that a compre:
hensive statement would be
issued by his office on the
reopening of the campus
when important details had
been ironed out.

“We have, among other
things, to rehabilitate’ some
facilities and I have to

consult my colleagues on.

how the reopening will be
effected. But this will be
done shortly because
students have to sit for
their examinations,” Dr
Mwanza said. .
The examination pro-
gramme had stipulated that
‘classes at the campus
would end on June 6, while
examinations were schedu-
led for June 23. +

The campus was closed
last week after troubles
which started almost three
weeks ago with students
accusing the administration
of allegedly ignoring their
welfare.

This led to an orgy of
destruction by the enraged
students who burnt princi-
pal Professor Kasuka Mwa-
uluka’s car and that of the
acting. registrar Mr
Wisdom Bowa.

19274
csO: 3400/1875

Yesterday the adminis-
tation was reported to have
been holding talks with the
police ‘over the students’
demand to release Univer-
sity of Zambia Students
Union’ _president-general
Mr Ben Chilufya who has
appeared in court for alle-

. gedly —_ assaulting Prof

Mwauluka. .
= -Orrtheelassboycort’ by”

more than 500 students at
Ndola campus in Kitwe, Dr
Mwanza said the students
would issue a circular
today. .

“We have had successful
talks and the students
themselves will be issuing 4
circular to announce the
calling off of the class

boycott. I don’t want to say:

anything on it myself.” -.

The Copperbelt students
were demanding the re-
moval of Prof Mwauluka
and the release of Mr Chi-
jufya and his reinstate-
ment at campus before they
could resume classes.

Mr Chilufya urged the
students to call off the boy-
cott when he addresséd
them during an open air
meeting ‘in Kitwe. :

Mr Chilufya who had
earlier received a rousing
welcome said the class boy-

‘89

vaions'!,

SPRS“SSA*~86*067
27 June 1986

cott and subsequent closure
of Lusaka campus was
caused by the administra-
tion’s poor handling of the
dispute.

Ndola campus acting
registrar Mr George Cho-
kani said in Kitwe yestet-
day that the administratic
would go ahead: with final
examinations starting on
June 9 even if students
continued with their class.
boycott.

Briefing reporters on
latest developments at the
campus Mr Chokani_ said
“the. students have’ done
80 per cent of class work as
required by the senate

‘regulations and have all

registered for examina-

Flanked -by Unza:
prineipal Professor Mu-
banga Kashoki, Mr Cho-
kani said there’ was ‘‘no’’
boycott because according
to the university — pro-
gramme, the last day of
classes in the third term
for final students was sche-
duled to end on May 30 —
“just a week from today”,

. “To us there is no boy-
cott. The examiner is: wait-
ing. for students to write
their papers -



ISRAELI GOVERNMENT TO STEP UP ASSISTANCE

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 20 May 86 pil, 3, 6

{Article by J. N. Elliott]

(Text ]

The israeli govern-
ment is to -shortly
provide additional
medical and. agricul-
tural assistance to.
boost the Green Revo-
lution and improve the
living conditions of
Liberians.

According to the
Israeli =: Ambassador
accredited to Monro~
via, Mr. Arieh Ivtsan

a skin expert is to
arrive in the country
next month- to join
other Israeli doctors
already here, to com
mence phasé- two and
three of an examina~
tion to improve the
sight of citizens suf-
fering from eye ail-
ments. Those affected
by various skin
diseases will also be

JPRS“SSA~86~067

27 June 1986

LIBERIA

treated, he said.

Ambassador Ivtsan
made the ~ disclosure
when he paid a cour-
tesy call ‘on Speaker
Samuel D, Hill at the
Capitol yesterday,

He told Speaker Hill
that the Israeli gov~

ernment wiil.also pro-
vide agricultural ex-
perts to assist Libe+
vrians in -making the

Green Revolution a success.

The nationwide agricultural program which is geared towards making the country
self-sufficient in food production was launched last January by the Liberian
Leader, President Samuel K. Doe.

Ambassador Ivtsan said the Israeli government believes that mutual relations
existing between both countries could only be fostered and strengthen through
assistance to one another. He then presented Speaker Hill with a book entitled
"Glory of the New Testament."

Speaker Hill who welcomed Ambassador Ivtsan to the Capitol, expressed appreci-
ation for the many efforts being made by Israelis to improve the living condi-
tions of the Liberian people, and explained that there is still need for ad-
ditional assistance in the areas of education and technical training.

He said the youths of the country need such assistance in order to adequately
contribute to the development of the nation.

34



VICTIMS OF RSA RAID MAY SUE

JPRS*SSA=864067

27 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

Harare THE HERALD in English 23 May 86 p 1

{Article by Max Chivasa]

[Text ]

OWNERS of property in Harare destroyed or
damaged by South African raiders on Monday
morning can sue that government in the High

Court of Zimbabwe, a University of Zimbabwe-

law lecturer said in Harare yesterday. _

And the lecturer, Cde Shadreck Gutto, sold if
tho Judgment weut against South Africa and it did
Rot pay, then the court could attach or order pro-
perty of the regime in Zimbabwe to bo sold to meet
any award made by the cout,

Businessmen in Ottews House, damaged during
the rads, have osthnated the destruction and demage
to goods and equipment at about $40 660.

Cade Gutto tad The Herald that the property
owners could institute legal proceedings in the courts
and have thelr necessary papers Issued against tho
South African regime for the acts of aggression py
Its forces. .

‘Tho popers could be served through the Ministry
of Forelgn Affairs so the South African government
could be called upon to appear in court to saswer the

suit.
“We have a question whore there Is 2 adiverate
destraction of property by government forces or

19274

cso: 3400/1719

96

agents of the racist regime in South Africn and
havo committed these acts in a foreign country,

“The basic legal question ts: What is the linbitlty
of the South African rogime? The racist government
has a respensibillty not to commit octs which are
illegal in the tows of other countries,” he said,

Cde Gutto explained that in terms of Interna:
tonal law the South African regime was held re-
Aponsible for violating the laws of Zinsbabwe.

“So, if o judgment is reached in favour of these
whose property was damaged or destroycd, the South
African government will Be held responsible for the
costs. If it refuses to ablde by the ruling, the ques-
tion of attaching the property of the regime is
brought in.”

South Africa and Zimbabwe still had business
interests in both countries which could not he over-
looked as well. South Africa had knowledge of the
legal norms of co-existence with its nelghbours,

Cde Gutto sald the only situntion where one
could not claim compensation wae during a wer be-
tween two countries 2nd there wee no etste e owner
between Zimbabwe and South stir

Dmbovwe could take legal actlon on hehalf of
the victims but in {hat case it would be a stato
versys state case. “That can also he dono when tho
Government con bo seen to take action,” he rdded.

Tho Pretoria regime bes admitted responntbility
for the unprovoked attacks by its troops anid alr
force on Barare, Luseka and Qnborone.

Althongh Nicaragua had eccused tue United
States, at the Wortd Oonrt in Ths Hague of violaticg
the United Nations ‘Charter by using rebel forces to
fight the Sendinistas ag an instrument of US foreign
policy, Cde Gutto sald South Africa's and Zlmba-
bwe’s situations were differcnt,

South Africa owns tvo propertles In Zimbabive,
one in Bulawayo and one in Highlands, Harare. The
trade mission also has other property such as cars
and office equipment.



NEW KOREAN ENVOY ‘ON .'GREEN REVOLUTION’ AID

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 23 May 86 pp 1, 6

[Text ]

The newly accredited
“Korean Ambassador to
Liberia, Mr. Haw Won
Song, yesterday re-
affirmed his govern-
ment's commitment to
‘assist the Government
and People of Liberia,
especially in-the im-
plementation of the
nation's Green Revolu-
tion.

He said he would re-
commend to his govern-
ment more ~ technical
assistance to Liberia
-in the implementation
‘of the Green Revolu-
stion.

Mr. Song made the
statement yesterday
when he paid a cour-
tesy call on Informa-
tion Minister Dr. S.
Momolu Getaweh to
acquaint him with his
appointment here.
“Mr. Song assured
that while in Liberia,
he would ‘strive to
further strenghten re-
lation between the Go-
vernments and Peoples
of Korea and Liberia.

He lauded the visit
of the Liberian Lead-
er, Dr, Samuel K. Doe
to “South Korea in
1982, “and said the vi-

19274
cso: 3400/1941

sit opened a "signifi-
cant" chapter in Libe-
rian-Korean | rela-
tions. .

He then hoped for
further exchanges be-
tween officials of
government here and
South Korea so as to
further strengthen the
social, economic, po-
litical and cultural
ties between the two
icountries. .

-Commenting on : the
frecent raids by sout
‘African forces. on
Front-Line ' States.
Zambia, © Rotswina’ and
Zimbabwe, Ambassador
Song ‘said South Korea.
denounced: this act. of
aggression on the part
of South Africa.

He then presented to
Dr. Getaweh a-wstate~
ment’ in which his gov-
ernment denounced the
raids -bv- South
Africa.

Mr. Song also pre-
sented a "table clock"
to Dr. Getaweh in ap~
preciation of the im-
portant Auties he per-
forms .as Minister of
Information. “9...

In remarks, Dr. Ge-
taweh hoped Mr.

37

JPRS*SSA*86*067
27 June 1986

LIBERIA

Song's appointment as
Korean Ambassador here
would open a new cha-
pter in the history of
Korean-Liberian rela-
tions.

He observed that as
countries which haye
had diplomatic rela-
tions. for a long time
it was necessary for
Liberia and Korea to
adopt common. princi-
ples on international
issues, especially in
the promotion of free-
dom and ‘peace among
nations.

“Dr. Getaweh told the
Korean envoy that the
Government of Liberia
believed in the total
liberation of the Af-
rican continent.

He then hoped that
the "friendly" govern-
ment and people of
Korea would continue
to provide moral and
technical assistance
to Liberia in its de-
velopment efforts.

Dr. Getaweh also as-
sured the new Korean
envoy of government's
cooperation in the
discharge of his duty
here. -~ LINA