JPRS-SSA*86~064
19 June 1986

Earlier Report

Harare THE HERALD in English 12 May 86 p 1

[Article by Funny Mushava]

[Text]

WHILE communal and “commercial farmers are;
preparing to harvest thelr summer crop with some ;
Having already started, the country’s main food crop, '
maize, is expected to reach about 1,5 million tonnes
in deliveries to the Grain Marketing Board.

Of this, about 900000 tonnes are expected to
come from the commercial sector with the peasant
farmers welghing in with sbout 600000 tonnes. '
According to recent estimates, some of the maize
produced is expected to be retained for use by the
farmers with -the peasant farmers retaining more
than tlicy will actually send to the GMB.

The 1,5 million tonnes expected is 120000 tonnes
Jess than last year’s 1,62 million tonnes delivered to
the GMB. Zimbabwe's local. maize consumption Js
606.000 tonnes 2 year. With the opening of Norton’s
new $6,4 million sifo last month, with a capacity of
68000 tonnes, the country’s bulk storage capacity
spe to almost half the planned 1,3 million tonnes by

5.

The country's 1985/86 export earnings from maize
umounted to more than $100 million. In the last 12
months, 500000 tonnes of maize have been exported,
mainly to Mozambique, Zambia, South Africa, the
Reunion and eight other countries.

In January, an Ethiopian delegation visited Zi-
mboabwe to buy 50000 tonnes of maize and early this
month, a four-man Iranian delegation clinched a deal
whereby Zimbabwe will export 100000 tonnes worth
$13 million to that country.

Zimbabwe $s continuing to play a vital role in
its capacity as the region’s food supplier although
farmers are experiencing a few problems in selling
their crop.

Last year many communal farmers had problems
in delivering their grain to the depots. This year the
farming community is looking forward to a better
organised transport system. Some transporters cashed
in by overcharging farmers and those with no option
had to pay exorbitant prices to get their produce to
the depots.

Another problem faced by thé farmers was the
shortege of grain bags whose prices trebled. Those
in the comimunal lands complained that bags sold
to shopowners at 50c were being re-sold to them for
as much as $2, 4

In an effort to speed up ‘deliveries this year,

the GMB will be accepting maize in bulk. The
National Farmers’ Association has also instructed its

members to organise themselves in their respective...

farming areas so that their club and area chairmen
know of who is going to transport their maize and
fit what cost. .

18309

cso: 3400/1715

56

‘The general manager of GMB, Cde Ian Makone,
hag assured farmers and producers that his organisa-
tion would do its best to give a better deal this year
including speeding up the processing of cheques.

:Tobacco farmers had a boost late last month .
vith the opening of probably the biggest and most
sophisticated auction floors the world. The floor
gives them enough room to carefully examine the
quality of tobacco and speeds up the sales,

Sales which began on April 22 have already set
high average daily prices and if 115 million kilo-
grams are sold as expected, producers will get more
than $335 million.

Already about 7 milllionJdlograms have been sold.
Commercial producers are expected to produce well
over 113000 tonnes of flue-cured tobacco with the
communal land resettlement areas producing about 500
tonnes, Burley growers are expected to produce 1300
tonnes (commercial) with 1240 from the communal
and resettlement - areas. Tobacco is the country’s

major foreign currency earner. Last
year it grossed over $300 million,
almost all in foreign currency.

The country’s second biggest forelgn currency
eurner, cotton, is expected to go down a little this
year. About 240000 tonnes are expected, a drop of
56 000 tonnes from last season.

The cotton industry will later this month get 9

‘poost when the $12 million Bindura ginnery is com-

missioned. oe

During the ‘past five years, more than $102 mil-
lion, has vone to the communal farmers in an effort
to Jiclp them produce cotton on a wider scale, With
the extra incentive of a higher selling price of 75c a
kg, 8c more than last year, the Commercial Cotton
Growers’ Association has vowed to continue. to en-
courage cotton production. .

It the expected 240000 tonnes are delivered to
the Cotton Marketing Board, growers will receive
about $180 million.



provide farmers with consumer goods to encourage them to produce, the reduct-
ion of interest rates on loans to buy agricultural inputs, and the revision
of the investment code to encourage foreign businessmen to invest in tourism.
They also questioned the necessity to continue the costly project to transfer
the capital to Dodoma. [Text][Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English

17 May 86 p 6]/12828

cso: 3400/1819

22



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JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
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20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
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Miss Nduna allegedly jumped through a window while being chased by police
and fell.

She was taken to Mount Coke Hospital and then transferred to Cecilia Makiwane
Hospital in Mdantsane, where she died.

Other students allegedly suffered various other injuries, some with broken
legs and severe back lacerations caused by sjamboks.

A Ciskei police spokesman confirmed the venue had been changed at the last
minute to the police training college in Bisho, but was unable to confirm
or deny the police action.

The vice-rector, Mr Hurter, and other members of staff went to see the
acting-minister of education, Mr Brown Pityi, yesterday. He told them that
the college was closed indefinitely.

/8918
CsO: 3400/1841

65



During the meeting at St Francis Xavier Centre is Crawford last night,
Professor Gaybba and the Roman Catholic archbishop of Cape Town, the Most
Rev Stephen Naidoo, explained how the Catholic bishops had decided economic
pressure on South Africa was morally justifiable.

Professor Gaybba said because of the division within the Catholic community,
the bishops had a duty to tell Catholics what the church believed was right.

Pleading for understanding, Professor Gaybba said that while the bishops did
not have the right to prescribe any political or economic policy, they did
have a right to comment on moral issues.

He said some people believed the bishops would lose credibility if they did
not support economic sanctions, while others felt any statement on the issue’
by them would be dabbling in politics.

"In 1952 the bishops said the policy of apartheid was immoral and some years
later they said it was intrinsically immoral which means it cannot be justi-
fied under any circumstances.

"Apartheid and the Gospel are incompatible. You have to find a moral
answer on how to fight apartheid because you may not use immoral means.

"To fight it by shooting at innocent people or to put a bomb under parliament
is not moral.

"Economic sanctions, are they morally justifiable? If it means the loss of
jobs and the destruction of the economic infrastructure, then you have to
stop and say Hokaai (Wait)."

Professor Gaybba said the bishops chose to coin the phrase economic pressure
would not mean large-scale unemployment or the destruction of the country's
economic infrastructure.

/8918
cso: 3400/1840

76



OFFICER EXODUS HARMS CONTINUITY IN ARMY

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 16 May 86 p 24

[Text]

/12828
cso:

PROFESSIONALISM in the
army could not be achieved
with the high waste in human
and material resources we
have been witnessing, Com-
mandant of the Command
and Staff College (CSC), Ja-
ji, Major-General Paul Omu,
has said.

General Omu representing
the Chief of Army Staff,
Major-General Sani Abacha,
at the closing of Army Infantry
seminar yesterday said until
the army solved the problem
of continuity it would be
wasting its time to think of tur-
ning out professionals.

le said since he took office in
1984 the Nigerian Army School of
Infantry (NASI) has had four
commandants and the directory
df infantry has had eight direc-
tors in less than ten years.

“It is impossible to create a
viable organization with high
rate of wastage in both human
and material resources as we
have experienced in the recent
past,” he declared.

General Omu said if the army
was to be protector of the nation
it should ponder on how to create
a professional and viable

3400/1833

organization which was even
more desirable now that the ar-
my was also in politics, adding
“as we ponder over our political
future we should ponder over our
professional role.”

The commandant said though
the role of dominating the state
was inseparable from protecting
it, the army should: now think
seriously about the cost on pro-
fessionalism on the state and the

army.

The three-day course covered
areas such as the re-appraisal of
operation seadog, problems of in-
fantry in units at border posts, in-
telligence and security.

It also included the problems of
maintenance and spare parts,
discipline and crime wave in the
army and the country.

Participants were drawn from
infantry units in all the divisions
df the Army.

12

JPRS*SSA*86+064
19 June 1986

NIGERIA


JPRS“SSA=86*064
19 June 1986

POLICE HARASSMENT CONDEMNED--Johannesburg, May 26, SAPA--The Alexandra Action
Committee [AAC] strongly condemned police action in Alexandra township and
have appealed to the minister of police and other authorities to stop
“harrassing their people," said Mr Obet Bapela, publicity secretary of the
AAC in a statement. He said that since April 22, vigilante attacks on people
in Alexandra, police have maintained a high profile in the township, where
"they harrassed, intimidated and detained our people." Mr Bapela said the
police "continued to harrass our people and this included the confiscating of
organization tee-shirts and going around taking the names and addresses of
youths in the street." He added that the police harrassed activists by for
example, confiscating the Alexandra Crisis Committee's bank book, minutes of
meetings and other important documents. "We in the action committee condemn
the action of the police, also the detaining of four of our executive members,
We see this as another form of crushing and destroying the people's democracy
and the ever-growing Alexandra Action Committee." Mr Bapela said the follow-
ing AAC executive members were detained under Section 50 of the Internal
Security Act on May 22, 1986. They are: the secretary-general of AAC, Mr
Richard Mdakane, 30, Mr Godfrey Msizane, 26, Mr Naud Moitse, 21, and Mr
Mzwanele Mayekiso, 27. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1249 GMT

26 May 86 MB] /8918.

HOMELANDS ON NATIONAL COUNCIL--More reaction has been received to Mr Chris
Heunis's announcements on the national council. The chief minister of Lebowa,
Dr Cedric Phatudi, said he saw no reason why blacks could not help the state
president to achieve his goal of participation of all South Africa in power-
sharing initiatives. He said the tempo of progress would depend on how soon
blacks took advantage of this opportunity. In his reaction, the chief min-
ister of KwaNdebele, Mr S.S. Skosana, said these steps by the South African
Government could lead to the achievement of peace and progress for all com-
munities in the country. The chief minister of KaNgwane, Mr Enos Mabuza,
said it was a clear indication of the state president's honest intention to
initiate a process of negotiation which will lead to some form of political
power-sharing. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT
23 May 86 MB] /8918

cso: . 3400/1841

~71



KAUNDA BLAMES UNITA INSURGENTS FOR LANDMINE DEATHS

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 26 Apr 86 p 1

[Text]

/8309
cso:

JPRS“S5A-864064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA

UNITA rebels of Angola are planting landmines in-Zambia which killed

two people in Mwinilunga a week ago.

3400/1816

The two Zambians died when they stepped on a
landmine planted by the Angolan insurgents.
The revelation was made by President Kaunda in

Solwezi on Thursday.

Dr Kaunda, who was in
Solwezi to open the Seventh
provincial Party confere-
nce, called on people to be
vigilant and security-con-
scious. .

“Security measures
should not be left in the
hands of the armed forces.
It is the responsibility of
everyone in the province,”

” Dr Kaunda said.

He said the rebels were
bent on disrupting peace in
Zambia.

“We should guard our-
selves against such ene-
mies,'’- the. President told.
hundreds of Party and
Government leaders and
militants who welcomed
him at Solwezi airstrip.

The province had been
an arena for terrorist acti-
vities of the late South Afri-
can-trained rebel, Adam-
son Mushala, who was shot
dead by security forces in
1983.

Despite Mushala’s
death, remnants of his
gtoup continued with sub-
version in the province.

At’ one stage, the terro-
rists attacked an Italian
company exploring mine-
tals in the area forcing the
firm to abandon the pro-

ject.

In Luanda captured UNI-
TA guerrilla officer has
confessed to organising
the cold-blooded massacre
of more than 300 villagers
in southern Angola, the
Angolan News Agency
(ANGOP) has reported, re-
ports ZANA.

It quoted Major Andre
Zeca as saying he and his
men had orders to kill many
‘people and rob them, using
axes to save ammunition.

The massacre occurred
last January and February
in Chicambi, Waba and
Caconda in Huila Province,
ANGOP said.

It said Zeca, in UNITA
(Union for the Total Indepe-
ndence of Angola) since
1976, had also taken part in

-the massacre in 1979 of

several hundred people in,
.Mungo and Bailundo town-
ships in central Huambo
Province.

29



JPRS*SSA~86~064
19 June 1986

BRIEFS

CAPE TOWN STUDENTS AGAINST CONSCRIPTION--Cape Town, May 27, SAPA-~About 400
University of Cape Town students unanimously passed a resolution today de-
manding the right to choose whether to serve in the South African Defence
Force or not. Speakers at the lunchtime meeting organized by the Conscrip-
tion Action Group [CAG] included the Port Elizabeth Youth Committee presi-
dent, Mr Mkhuseli Jack and a Stellenbosch End Conscription Campaign Member,
Mr Jaco Malan. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1814 GMT 27 May 86 MB]
/8918

PFP MP ON FREEDOM OF SPEECH--The Progressive Federal Party [PFP] MP for
Yeoville, Mr Harry Schwarz, says if the future of South Africa is to be
sound, it has to be decided by the center not the extreme left or right.
Speaking at the start of a by-election campaign in the southern suburbs of
Johannesburg, last night he said radicals. would decide the future of the
country if people in the center did not stand up to be counted. [Begin
video] [Correspondent Trevor Jones] Mr Schwarz said freedom of speech was
indivisible and must therefore be for everyone. He said this was why the
PFP had to defend the principle for all South Africans, its opponents in-
cluded. He said a concern for everyone was the polarization taking place in
South Africa. He said the events in the townships and in Pietersburg last
night were a symbol of that polarization. [Schwarz in Afrikaans] One of the
most important characteristics of democracy is the freedom of speech and if a
person in South Africa--it does not matter who he is-~Afrikaner, English
speaking, black, white, or whatever--if that person loses the right to free-
dom of speech in South Africa then democracy is on the way out. [End video]
[Text] [Johannesburg Television Service in English 1545 GMT 23 May 86 MB]
/8918

MORE INDIANS IN NAVY~--The SADF were examining their Indian personnel re-
quirements, the Minister of defence, General Magnus Malan, said. Speaking
on his Budget allocation, he said the NPP's spokesman on defence, Mr George
Thaver, had asked him last year to look at the possibility of an increased
intake for the Navy's training establishment, SAS Jalsena. "This has been
done and the Navy now annually accommodates two intakes of 150 men for two
years' service." There was no differentiation between members of the SADF
on the basis of race, creed, language or sex. However, allowance had to be
made for Government policy, military customs and local conditions. [Text]
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 May 86 p 4]/12828

CSO: 3400/1822 END

100



MUYOMBE ROAD CONSTRUCTION, GRAIN COLLECTION FACILITATED

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 7 May 86 p 5

[Text]

/8309
cso:

By Times Reporter

ROAD construction
has started in
earnest from Mu-
yombe, Isoka, to
Chama in the Eas-
tern
facilitate
haulage during this
year’s marketing
season.

Namboard and cooperative
unions in both Eastern
and Northern’ provinces
were making arrange-
ments to move into the
area — Muyombe and
Thendere — to buy the
crop as soon as the road
was completed.

Northern Province perma-
nent secretary Mr Isaac
Manda and Isoka district
governor Mr Andrew
Kaonga confirmed in
separate interviews in
Kasama and Isoka yes-
terday that the roads
department was already
in Muyombe and had
made progress on the
project.

The opening up of Mu-
yombe on the border with
Malawi in the north to
an alternative route in
the south was expected
to end the grain collec-
tion problem which had
dogged the area for
years.

3400/1816

Province < to -
maize *

36

Mr Kaonga, who has just
moved to Isoka from
Mongu, said once the
road was commissioned
preference would be
given to the hauling of
more than 130,000 bags
of maize which had-been
marooned in Muyombe
since 1984.

“Some of the maize is
rotten and can only be
used as stockfeed. It is
a pity that because of
impassable roads we lost
some of the grain,"’ Mr
Kaonga said.

On the marketing season
preparations, Mr Manda
said the province was
expected to produce sur-
plus. maize for national
consumption. The Nor-
thern Province Coopera-
tive Union would buy it
for Namboard.

“The NCU has started
buying in some parts but
many farmers will have
to wait for weeks to
market their produce
because of the moisture
content in the grain.”

IPRSasgq

19 June

“86-064
1986

ZAMBIA


JPRS“SSA+86~064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

REPORTAGE ON REACTION TO CROSSROADS UPHEAVAL
Community Groups Condemn Violence
MB240600 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0539 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] Cape Town, May 23, SAPA--Twenty community organizations have
condemned the violence at Grossroads as "an attempt to smash" democratic
organisation in the area and forcibly move people to Khayelitsha.

At a meeting called by the Athlone Education Crisis Committee yesterday the
following organisations strongly condemned police and military action in
Crossroads and also voted to provide collection points for relief aid:

The UDF [United Democratic Front], Athlone area; ASAC [Athlone Students
Action Committee]; WECSCO [Western Cape Students Congress]; WECTU [Western
Cape Teachers Union]; Athlone Central; Rylands High PTSA [Parents-Teachers-
Students' Association]; Belgravia High PTSA; Thornhill Residents Associa-—
tion; Bellmore Civic Association; Belgravia Youth; Silvertown Youth; Thornhill
Youth Congress; Hanover Park Youth Congress; Western Cape Youth League;

Sinton High SRC [Student Representative Council; Hanover Park Students Action
Committee; GRASSROOTS community newspapers; Western Cape Traders Association
and COMMTRA [expansion unknown].

"We see the combined action of the witdoeke (vigilantes) and the police as
an attempt to smash the democratic organisations and movements of the people
of Crossroads, Nyanga Bush, Nyanga extension and Portland Cement and to for-
cibly move people of the areas of Khayelitsha, an attempt that they the
people have resisted for many years.

"We believe that the violent heavy-handed action of Botha's police and their
supporters-~the community councillors and vigilantes--will not stop our
struggle and determination to be free.

"We call on all organisations of the oppressed and exploited people to help
and support our people in our struggle."

A police liaison officer for the Western Province, Lieutenant Attie Laubscher

last night said the allegations were absurd and deserved no comment. "I re-
ject the allegations with contempt," he said.

61



Bi} database set up by the advis-
ers),

The notes will carry a single
maturity date determined by the
date debt entered the pipeline, on a
first-in first-out basis. Interest will
be paid at 5% per annum for the

from the date of note issue
to the date of repayment.
@A large num of smaller
claims, of under $3 000 to $4000,
are to be settled in full in 1987 (no
notes will be issued). The advisers
estimate that up to half of the total
number of creditors fall into
this category.
@ Personal remittances, which in-
clude such items as end of contract
Gratuities, are tobe cleared -
ning in 1987. The aim is to repay all
such creditors by the end.of 1980 on
a first-in first-out basis.

Proposal \

Officials say that although they
do not expect any major changes ja
the offer with the appointment
new Bank of Zamb
LS Chivuno, in the recent reshuf-
fle, it could lead to a delay in the
despatch of offer documents.

ibia’s advisers estimate the
total pipeline at $430m, but this
excludes more than $100m-in over-
due Letters of Credit owed to inter-
national banks which are not cov-

mists.
Zambia's projected foreign ex-
e would not allow

nt of full Maturity in-
Fevest, aa the of Zambia.

But local ers and businessmen

/8309
cso: 3400/1818

fa
governor, Dr”

Output
Much will id on whether a
$300m rehabilitation programme

' for the mining industry succeeds in

boosting: output.

According to Bank of Zambia
officials, the precarious nature of
Zambia’s external payments posi-
tion makes a firm commitment to
arepayment timetable impossible.

Government officials it that
any failure to issue the notes as
planned or to repay them on time
would do little to improve the
country’s poor international repu-

iD.

But, according to bank officials,
the pipeline tors are aware of
the constraints Zambia faces and
have reacted preliminary
soundings on the proposed offer.

Two options
Morgan Grenfell also reports a
itive creditor it UK
per rs Lazard Bros,
which rey its 16 major credi-
tors hols $30m in cl » have
strongly criticised the offer on the
grounds that. its terms are worse
than those a: recently with
the “Paris Club” of creditor gov-
ernments.
It is understood that there will
be at least two other oj for

ipeline creditors who do not opt
alot the note issue: creditors willin;

to accept a heavy discount
around 3:1 may a) be able to
arrange settlement on a case-by-
case basis through their commer-
cial bank and the Bank of Zambia
and reinvested pipeline funds will
continue to attract benefits.

These include the bility
that funds can be withdrawn for
reinvestment at a much more fa-
vourable exchange rate than. when
the debts entered the pipeline. —
Financial Times

32


JPRS*SSA~867064
‘19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CISKEI COLLEGE CLOSED 'INDEFINITELY' AFTER RAID
MB260500 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1528 GMT 25 May 86

[Text] Zwelitsha, May 25, SAPA--A female student of Ciskei's Lennox Sebe
College of Education died at the weekend after police invaded the campus on
Friday night and allegedly assaulted students in their hostels.

Miss Nokuzola Nduna, a second year student, died after allegedly jumping
through a window in her third-floor residence, while running away from the

police.

The incident happened after the announcement that a Welsh male voice choir,
on tour in Ciskei, would hold a concert at the university.

Students protested in an open letter to the choir, which said: "We as the
students of this college wish to express our opposition to your presence

in our campus, and in South Africa, under the following reasons: As South
Africa is internationally isolated as far as sporting and cultural activities
are concerned, we expect every progressive country to take part in this

isolation."

The letter ended by saying: "We reject totally your presence and we treat
it with contempt it deserves."

On Friday, the Ciskei director general of the Department of Education,

Mr K.B. Tabata, was reported to have summoned the university's vice-rector
and the chairman of the students representative council to inform them the
Ciskei cabinet had decided the question of a venue for the choir was not
negotiable and that students who disrupted the concert would bare the con-

sequences.

Police were called onto the campus after the students decided to go ahead
with a protest over the choir's visit.

Meanwhile, on Friday, the hall where the concert was to have been held was
flooded with water when the choir arrived.

It was reported that a police officers instructed the vice rector to leave
the campus and the police then allegedly invaded the hostels, kicking the
doors down and assaulting students.

64



As part of community development,
women would be encouraged to start
viable co-operative projects Iike bakery,
uniform making and other projects.

Youth development in various ‘skilla
and projects is also highlighted in order

to create a foundation in the co-opera-'

tives concept.

Planned villagisation and the pbulld-
ing of more office and residential
necommodation in urban and rural
sectors of the province demanded
delegation of tle responsibility to local
authorities “to avoid delays and
bureaucracy”. The plan also callg for
the provision of housing loans in both
communal and resettlement areas,

In the minirig sector, the province
continues to receive more prospecting
utd hopes to establish more mining
co-operatives within the five-year pro-
vincial development plan. .

Senator Kaparadza also presented
Cde Chikowore with coples for’: the
Prime Minister, the Minister of Finance,
Economic Planning and Development,
Cde Bernard Chidzero, and 21 copies
for other Cabinet ministers and 20: fot
the various permanent secretaries.

/8309 .
cso: 3400/1715 co

» 42



JPRS 884-86 0054
June 1986

‘SOUTH AFRICA

"NETWORK' PROGRAM DISCUSSES NATIONAL COUNCIL BILL
MB231513 Johannesburg Television Service in English 1900 GMT 22 May 86

[Discussion between Solly Rammala, executive member of the Urban Councils
Association of South Africa, UCASA, in Pretoria and Prof Willie Breytenbach
of the Department of African Studies at the University of Stellenbosh, in
Cape Town, moderated by John Bishop, on the "Network" presented jointly by
Michelle Alexander in Johannesburg--live with video insert]

[Excerpts] Good evening. Tonight in "Network" we focus on particulars of
a national council for negotiation between all population groups at central
level. Will it work?

[Alexander] A very good evening. The National Council Bill will be pub-
lished tomorrow in the government gazette, to invite public comment on the
proposed structure of this national negotiating body. Particulars have been
released today. The importance and viability of the council should be
assessed against the full background of the government's constitutional
reform program. Producer At Viljoen gave this perspective.

[Begin Bishop video] The reform process in South Africa is largely
synonymous with the introduction of power sharing between all population
groups at all levels of government. While the new national council is
intended to be the forum for reform at the national level, the government
has already spelled out some power sharing structures at local and regional
levels.

At the local level, the first regional services councils [RSC's] are scheduled
to come into being later this year. Regional services councils are over-
arching, multiracial bodies representative of white, colored, and Indian and
black local authorities. Their functions revolve around the provision of
services and infrastructure at a regional level. Although RSC's were the
first announced structures of real power sharing--albeit at local level--
their proposed introduction has met resistance from some white as well as
black sectors. Organized white commerce and industry have complained about
the financial burden they entail, and strongly suspicious voices from the
black community have perceived them as an entrenchment of apartheid. The
Rev Mr Sam Buti, ex-mayor of Alexandra, is only one among a substantial
number of municipal leaders who have recently resigned with their full
councils.

84


Complaints came into the open at the Second
Conference of Mozambican Youth, 18 to 23 March
in Maputo. The youth movement secretary, Zacarias
Kupela, blamed corruption in the army, where offi-
cers siphon off supplies and sell them on the black
market. Speakers from the floor told of officers
selling uniforms to their own men. There were also
accusations of racial discrimination, with delegates
pointing out the virtual absence in the army of
whites, mesticos or Asians.

Meanwhile, there is a lot of urban discontent
about the effects of the new free market. In Maputo
the markets are now full of fruit and vegetables but
almost empty of shoppers because the prices are so
high: tomatoes cost $15 per pound at the official
exchange rate. Market traders can make huge profits
on small turnovers, so they have replaced state-fixed
prices with cartel-fixed prices. The middle class, in
particular, is angry because it has not benefitted
from the free market as it expected to.

The 11-strong politburo met in one of its longest
ever sessions, from 18 February to 3 March, to
debate the country’s military and economic predica-
ments. In a statement at the end of the meeting,
stressing the links between the two, it said “the

objective of South African economic destabilisation
is to create dissatisfaction division, and confusion
in the country in order to call socialism into question
... Within the framework of the war economy,
existing economic and financial resources (must) be
channeled as a priority to the war effort.”

Three weeks later several politburo members were
given new responsibilities and authority over groups
of ministries. Four of them came back: from the
political wilderness; and three have been called back
to Maputo from provincial posts. On 24 April the
changes were completed with a ministerial reshuffle.
Below we outline a few salient points to the politburo
changes.

@ Gen. Alberto Chipande, a former defence minister who in
1983 was sent into virtual retirement as governor of the
northern province of Cabo Delgado, now returns to Maputo
to take charge of defence again. (Surprisingly, no other
changes were made in the top military ranks).

@ Mario Machungo, a former planning minister who was pushed
out of the mainstream in 1983 to become governor of Zam-
bezia province, likewise returns to Maputo and his office
as planning minister. He also becomes politburo economic
supremo - in charge of planning, finance, banking, foreign
trade, labour, wages and prices, transport, minerals, industry
and energy.

@ Armando Guebuza, dismissed as interior minister in June
1984 (AC Vol 24 No 14) has had little to do since then though
he was later made a minister in the president’s office (probably
to allow President Samora Machel to keep an eye on him).
He has now been made responsible for agriculture, light and
food industry, and internal trade. This is a notably smaller
role than that given to Machungo, indicating that Guebuza
has not yet returned to favour. Both are given a special brief
to increase production and to “struggle against racketeering
and speculation’, which may signal a retreat from the free
market.



Kaunda Blames UNITA Insurgents for Landmine Deaths
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 26 Apr 86) ..seececceccccvccsccccvscecs

University Students Warned Against Class Disruptions
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 10 May 86) ..ccecececccececececccccceees

Nation Strives To Clear Short-Term External Debt Arrears
(Patti Waldmeir; BUSINESS DAY, 18 Apr 86) ..c.ccececceceece

Government To Repay Debts to Yugoslavia in Kind
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 7 May 86) ..cscecceeccecescevccccecencees

State Lays Off 5,000 Workers in ‘Speedy Manner’
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 11 May 86) ..cssececccccecceccecescescecs

Kaunda Discusses Mining, Promises Fuel Price Review
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 28 Apr 86) .eccececsecccevccevcesescens

Muyombe Road Construction, Grain Collection Facilitated
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 7 May 86) .ecsccecccceccvccecccceccncsecs

State Scraps Maize Ceiling, Permits Transport Increases
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 6 May 86) .cccecescecceccscnccncssceccuce

State Imports Malawi Maize To Cover Shortfall
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 9 May 86) ...ccccecececscccececsccceces

ZIMBABWE

Mugabe Warns Against Regionalism, Tribalism
(Ray Mawerera; THE HERALD, 11 May 86) .

Nkala Calls For Strengthening Police Force
(THE HERALD, 10 May 86) ..csccccecccccsccscccccceecs se eeeee

Mashonaland 5-Year Plan Details Issued
(THE HERALD, 12 May 86) ...ccccececccecvcccccscncecececeess

Headmen Warned Against Selling Land to Squatters
(THE HERALD, 10 May 86) ...cccceccceeccsccceecsecsscucccees

UN Population Training Center To Locate at UZ
(THE HERALD, 14 May 86) .ecscesccccccccccccsccnccscsccecees

All-Africa Conference on Population Notes Local Progress
(THE HERALD, 14 May 86) ...ccccccccccccccccccvecccvscvccess

Mugabe Warns of Measures Against Workers Exploitation
(Andrew Rusinga; THE HERALD, 15 May 86) ...scsecescsccscues

PM Discusses National Service Idea, Economy
(Andrew Rusinga; THE HERALD, 15 May 86) ...ccseeceeccevcece

-e-

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48



MUGABE WARNS AGAINST REGIONALISM, TRIBALISM

Harare THE HERALD in English 11 May 86 p 1

[Article by Ray Mawerera]

[Text]

/8309
cso:

JPRS«SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

MASVINGO.
ANU (PI) will not tolerate anyone who iries 10 sow seeds of divicion

in the party on the basis of either region or tribe, the party’s First

Secretary and Presi-
dent, Cde Robert Mu-

gabe, said here yester-

day.

And he warned indivi-
dual members who tried
to destroy the party that

they could themselves ne

destroyed.

Addressing’ about 40 000
people gathered fur the
helated election victory
celebrations st Mucheke
Stadium, south-west of
Masvingo, he said Zenu
(PF) jad got to where
it was through the ¢om-
mitment ond dedication
of its members’ and .a
united sense of purpose.

“If we lose that same
resolve, we cannot go
ay,” he said, While there
were people who were
new to the party, and
were not fully conversant
with ity operations there
were also other; whose
wish' wags to destroy the
party by, splitting tts
vanks,

But the party was more
powerful than any single
individua}) and no. one was
allowed to split it. Cde
Mugabe urged for, unity

and common understand-

ing.
“We cannot have in our
nidst some people who
way that if someone comes
from Chipinge, not
Harare, or from Zowa.
not Mashhva, then. there-
fore he is not one of us,”
he said.

3400/1715

“We cannot tolerate
such dirty misciitef In our.
party .. . (There are)
those who want to de-
stroy the party by insult-
ing certain tribes and or-
fanising Uttle cliques on
the basis of region cr
tribe; if this fs leadership,
who are you leading?

“Did you choosg me to
lead the Gushungo people
of Zvimba only? The
strength of the party Is
in’ its national member-
ghip. It has only one
totem ~- the totem of
Zanu, We are one; Zanu
is one with the people.
Anyone wlio attempts to
destroy the party will
himself be | destroyed,
leaving the party solid.”

*Masvingo'g election yic-_
tory celebrations were the
last to be held by any
province, and caine nearly
2 year after 11 Masvingo
MPs swept 98 percent of
the votes cast in Iast
year’s gencra] election:

More than 18 herd. of
eattle were slaughtered
and tens of thousands of
people —~ ferried to Mu-
cheke Stadium from col-
lection points from the
province's seven districts
by seven district buses —_
celebrated with pomp and
ceremony at a lively ot-
casion attended by sev-
eral MPs and members of
Zanu —- (PF)'s __ Central
Committee and Politburo.

39

In his address, Cde
Mugabe also said there
was severe drought in
areas like Chivi, Mwenezi
and Zaka and the "food
for work" programme would
be introduced. Other
areas had also been af-
fected by too much rain,
but as a wholé, the country
had reaped very high yields
and would not have to ask
for outside assistance.

He called for fresh efforts
to strengthen the party to
ensure that membership was
known. . He also said there
was need for equitable
development in the various
provinces in accordance
with the Five-Year National
Development Plan.



JPRS*SSA*86~064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

CAPE CHILDREN RETURN TO SCHOOL--Cape Town, May 26, SAPA--With the exception
of schools in Crossroads, black children attended schools in numbers in the
Cape Peninsula today for the first time since fighting broke out at Crossroads
last week, SABC radio news reports. At the senior secondary school, Nyanga,
500 out of 800 pupils were present today and 225 at a school in new cross~
roads. The attendance at schools in Boland towns was about 50 percent. :
[Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1101 GMT 26 May 86 MB] 6/8918

BLACK ATTITUDES ON VIOLENCE--The Human Sciences Research Council says most
blacks in the PWV [Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging] area are of the
opinion that more can be achieved by negotiation than by violence. A survey
conducted among 1,338 blacks in the PWV area in March found, however, that
since May last year there had been a definite swing in favor of violence.

Of those interviewed, 65.5 percent were in favor of negotiation, 20.1 per-
cent saw violence as the solution, 10.1 percent were in favor of both
negotiation and violence, and 3.8 percent have no opinion. A total of 75.4
percent of those interviewed felt that so far violence had achieved nothing,
while 20.1 percent felt that it had. A majority, 60.7 percent, approved un-
rest while 31.7 percent were opposed to it. A total of 62.7 percent of the
blacks interviewed thought that unrest caused divisions in black ranks while
31.7 percent believed it lead to unity. A total of 76,9 percent felt that
it was wrong to kill black officials including policemen and community coun-
cil members. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1100 GMT

27 May 86 MB] /8918

MORE LAND FOR KWANDEBELE~-The minister of education and development aid,

Dr Gerrit Viljoen, has announced that an additional 135,000 hectares of land
is to be incorporated into KwaNdebele. The government has also made avail-
able 990,000 rand to help unemployed Ndebeles. Replying to a question in the
House of Assembly, Dr Viljoen said the land to be incorporated would be parts
of the Bronkhorstspruit, Cullinan, Witbank, and Warmbaths districts. Dr
Viljoen said the population sensus last year has shown that there were 232,700
Ndebeles in KwaNdebele. Commenting on the 990,000 rand to help the unemployed,
the KwaNdebele secretary of works, Mr Ben Stolz, said the money would be used
to help as many unemployed as possible. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic
Service in English 0500 GMT 28 May 86 MB] /8918

70



paper describes President Kaunda as a dictator and says he would do the
Commonwealth a favor if he left it right now.

These are views seldom seen in the British press in the past. They are
realistic and are to be welcomed.

/8918
cso: 3400/1840

79



283119
JPRS-SSA-86-064
19 JUNE 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

Se
DTRECTION ION STATEMENT NT A | |

“Approved. ‘ey ounile rolomey |
Diszibution Uniiolted

— |

|
DTIC QUALITY EwcPHUTED 8 |
|

BROA "INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY |
' NATIONAL TECHNICAL !
INFORMATION SERVICE |

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
SPRINGFIELD. VA. 22161 :



Officer Exodus Harms Continuity in Army
(NEW NIGERIAN, 16 May 86) .eecececcececctceeccserereeceecs

Shagaya Says Decree on Civil Defense Corps Expected
(DAILY TIMES, 17 May 86) ..... tbe eeeceenceecneeees see eeeee

Communal Clash in Plateau State Leaves 10 Dead
(Mike Reis; NEW NIGERIAN, 10 May 86) ..ccccseceececcercecs

Government To Enforce Expatriate Work Restrictions
(Bala Mohammed; NEW NIGERIAN, 15 May 86) .....

Census of Unemployed Begins in Kano
(Eric Meya; THE TRIUMPH, 16 May 86) .......

Babangida Announces Wheat Importation Ban for 1987
(Nkem Agetua, Andrew Isibor; NEW NIGERIAN, 8 May 86) .....

Briefs
Students in Kiev Brief Ambassador
Students Train in France
Thermal Power Plant Commissioned

SOMALIA

Briefs
New Road for Port

TANZANIA

ZAMBIA

Briefs
Electricity, Fertilizer Prices Up
Warioba Preaches Discipline

Party Officials Ordered To Renew Membership or Quit Posts
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 5 May 86) ..cceccececceccereeccnceeceecs

Kwacha Auction System Receives Government Attention
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 28 Apr 86; TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 3,

10 May 86) wecscceccccccecccccncrecercnececenceecetencteer

Kaunda Pledges 'Side-effect' Investigation

Bank Governor Announces Modification
Minister Forecasts More RIFs, Closures

Disbursement of Foreign Exchange Earnings Outlined
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 30 Apr 86) ..cccecevecscccccscceccvnes

12

13

14

15

16

7

18

19

20

21

23

25

25

27

28



7e8S-S8a-a6.
June 1986

Minister Forecasts More RIFs, Closures

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 86 p 1

[Text]

By Times Reporter
MASS lay-offs of workers and
closure of some companies will
become unavoidable in Zambia unless
appropriate adjustments are made to
the current foreign exchange auction-

ing system.
But he admitted that in

Minister of Com-
merce and Industry Mr
Jameson Kalaluka said
although many com-
panies were .perform-
ing better than before
the auction, commodi-
ty prices had escalated
to unprecedent levels.

Officially opening a

three-day workshop on
“‘parastatals and economic
development in Zambia’”’ at
Lusaka’s Barn Motel yestér-
day, Mr Kalaluka said the
revision of the whole system
was imperative.
_ “Otherwise, if the system
is left as it is, then many
companies will experience
dramatic drops in their sales
necessitating the laying off
of workers and even closure
of some businesses.”

It was for that reason the
Party and its Government
was in the process of
reviewing the system to
make appropriate ad-
justments.

He told the workshop the
Party and its Government
had an obligation to pro-
vide not only the infractruc-
ture but to take part in the
economic life of the nation.

Because of that,
parastatal organisations,
statutory boards as well as
companies, some of which
have private participation,
had been set up.

/8309
CSO: 3400/1813

recent years the perfor-
mance of some parastatal
organisations had been a
source of concern, raising
questions over their role in
national development,

He disagreed with the no-
tion that privatisation of
parastatals would be the
most radical step to im-
prove their performance,
saying that would be a false
move.

Problems which had
beset many parastatal
organisations were because
of external factors, like
State control versus cor-
porate autonomy, including
the choice of technology,
location, market regulation,
pricing and incentives.

Internally, problems
which affected the opera-
tion of parastatals include
poor management, liquidity
and financial constraints
which were common not
only in developing countries
but in’ industrialised states
as well. ”

“The Party and its
Government however con-
stantly review their perfor-
mance to satify themselves
that they live to their objec-
tives and purpose they were’
created for,” Mr Kalaluka
said,

27

He reiterated that State
participation in a national
economy could not be
avoided because there were
certain areas in which
private companies would be
reluctant to invest.

“This is so because the
investment required is
either too large such as in
railways, posts ‘and tele-
communications to mention
only a few. Many govern-
ments also feel that invest+
ment in strategic sectors

should be under firm con-:
trol of the government."’

It was evident theretore
that State organisations had
contributed much to the
economy despite problems
like those with Namboard
and the defunct Zambia-
Tanzania Road Services and
Tobacco Board of Zambia.

As far as the parastatals’
future was concerned, they
were there to stay because
the reasons for which they
were conceived had not
changed in essence.

“This situation is rein-
forced by the fact that the
State will no longer sub-
Sidise loss-makin
parastatals. Those whic!
fail to live to expectations
vill have to close.""

What was required now
was to concentrate efforts
on consolidating existing
ones as opposed to setting
up new parastatals except in
circumstances where it was
absolutely necessary to do
so.

064



because of the manner in which this is being presented, as to whether it will
receive general acceptance among black leaders, is a very big question mark.
In the first place, Mr Bishop, the initiative is being presented, without
government making any statement as to what is to happen with their distinc-
tion between general and own affairs which, as you might be aware, is com-
pletely unacceptable to blacks. Second, as Chief Buthelezi pointed out
earlier in his interview, it is very doubtful as to whether any initiatives
of this nature are going to succeed while certain black leaders are incarce~
rated and while the general perception among blacks is that they are being
prevented from taking part in the negotiation process, and while, also,
certain organizations are excluded from this process by, necessarily, the
fact that they are presently banned, .and that they cannot come. forward. Then,
in the third place, it is not very clear to what extent the government will
be bound to accept the recommendations of the new body. Part of the function
of the new body will be to make recommendations to the government, but of
course, experience in the past has shown that government can turn a cold
shoulder to such recommendations and in the process, destroy whatever credi-
bility such a council could have had.

[Bishop] Mr Rammala, you certainly read it one way. Another way of reading
it, I suppose, is that this is an invitation for people from all walks of life
to come to the council and put up the sort of objections that you have put up.
What would you say to that?

[Rammala] Well, I would say, Mr Bishop, that the one great problem with the
negotiation process we have in this country is the lack of trust. And this
lack of trust arises as a result of government, for example, insisting on
doing certain things which are seen by blacks as displaying a negative atti-
tude towards the negotiation process itself. .For example, one would ask,
because there is general acceptance among all blacks that certain measures
like, for example, the Group Areas Act, the Separate Amenities Act, the
Population Registration Act, that these measures are objectionable and that
they continue to entrench apartheid.

[Bishop] All right, Mr Rammala, thanks very much. Let us move down, now, to
Prof Breytenbach. You have heard the comments of Mr Rammala, and you have
seen our movies and heard our background report. Come in please.

[Breytenbach] Well, Mr Bishop, the intention of this bill as I understand it--
and I have it in front of me--is to prepare a new constitutional dispensation
for South Africa and, in that sense, I interpret this bill as that the Con-
stitution Act of 1983 is very much negotiable as far as future constitutional
structures are concerned, and implicit in this is either the scrapping or a
total amendment of the whole concept of own and general affairs, as has been
voiced by Mr Rammala, as far as his criticisms were concerned. So I would
think that looking as an outsider onto this bill, that it is a more or less
open-ended process, and that people such as Mr Rammala and Chief Buthelezi
are in fact invited to participate and also to raise the questions that they
deem fit, as far as their particular problems are concerned. I may add that
this council should it be established, obviously, in the first instances its
effectiveness will depend to a very large extent on its legitimacy and the

86



It is no exaggeration to say that the communities in South Africa are in a
survival crisis. Fundamental dimensions of human and social developments
have reached a point, after decades of evolution, at which a political
resolution along lines acceptable to all groups has become imperative.

Failure to achieve such a reoslution, based on a broad consensus, would
inevitably generate such strife that all would suffer incalculable harm
to their most vital interests. Any attempts to devise political answers
that ignore the complex present day realities that hark back to an era in
which more simple solutions sufficed is doomed to failure.

But to come up with answers that do meet today's needs requires knowledge
and insight that all too clearly many South Africans do not possess. In the
constitutional debate, for example, far too many people are still basing
their political views on stereotyped European models. They are simply not
aware either of the considerable advances in constitutional thinking on
plural societies or of the many possibilities for devising a truly indigenous
constitutional dispensation, appropriate to the South African situation.

The future will be determined by the readiness of all South Africans to
respond to that challenge, and that will depend to a considerable degree on
the openness of political debate in this country.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1840

81



provement, brought peace, was
internationally acceptable and
was effective.

Although the SWA National
Party could not be reached for
confirmation, indications are
that they favour a federal sys-
tem with very strong provincial
powers.

Another plan put forward’
by the NP in the past has been
that of virtually dividing the
country into two, the northern’
part being mostly Owambo.

/8309
cso: 3400/1716



TRADE WITH INDIA REVIEWED AS GANDHI VISITS

Harare THE BUSINESS HERALD in English 15 May 86 p 9

[Text]

/8309
cso:

Business Reporter

‘THE Indian Prime Minis-
fer, Mr Rajiv Gandhi, jets
into Harare today af
trade ang economic co-
operation between his
country ond Zimbabwe
continue to develop and
strengthen.

Of the many projects
already under way or in
the pipeline between the
two countries, the most
recent and jargest is the
‘finalisation of = US
9940000 deat Involving
the importation of 10 000
kite for. black and white
television sets and com-
ponents for the local

facture of radio

mani
and cassette players in
Zimbabwe.

According to the
regional manager of the
State Trading Oorpora-
tion of India, Mr Bishein
Rabnanl, the television
sets will be assembled by
a consortium of four local

which he did

and the kits should
arriving in fwo months’
time. :

‘Tho radio and cassette
components should arrive

at about the samo timo.

and Wilt be assembled by
one local company.

the snme time, In-
@an industrial ond con-
sumer ods vatucd nt
about US$¢3,97_* million
have just started arriving
in Zimbabwe ps of a
barter deal concluded
tween the two countries
Jost year in which India
bought 18000 tonnes of

3400/1715

Zimbabwean asbestos
against a 50 percent cash
payment and 9 50 percent
‘barter component,

Mr Sabnant said: Zin
babwe was also importing
machinery valued at
‘US$#41076 for a small
wcale pop-tivet manufac-
turing plant. °

‘Two-wiy trade _be-
tween India and. Zim-.

babwe has risen
$5.6 mil'ion in’1981 to $15
milion last year and Is

expected to Wo even
higher this year.

‘The pro!
being negotiated include
the possible pro-

tho calcining of kyanite
and the establishment of
a pant to. high-
aluminn refractory

Suggested the possibilt
ag
a fore Wear,
Zeco and F. and

* Bon — three og Africa’s,
largest railway rolling
stock: manufacturers —.

be
international bidding.
More Wear’s chairman,
Mr Abner Botsh, sald this
week his company was
caress
is mt Pp
protect, The other com-
panies could not be con-
tacted for comment by.
the time of going to

51

JPRS“SSA*86«064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE



corporations, you know, for a very long. time have been engaged in driving
forward nonracial manning policies, driving forward better housing and
accommodation policies, being prepared to encourage and help develop trade
unionism, and, in fact, laying a base for perhaps a more activated position
than we're in today.

[Rogers] Right. Now, if I recollect and interpret you properly, you men-
tioned earlier on that the reason why Anglo-American and perhaps half a
dozen other large corporations in the country do own something like plus-
minus 80 percent of the shares in the Stock Exchange is that they have those
funds here to invest and it is got to be invested somewhere, but an alterna-
tive to that, of course, is investment overseas and I think Anglo has been
one of the organizations that has also done that. You have North American
investments, Australian investments, and so on. Could you spell those out
a little for us?

[Relly] Yes, well they have been done largely on their own evidences. We
have been allowed to borrow money from time to time on our name with backup
from here and to use our credit and our name and our size and our position
in the world mining circles to borrow money overseas and that has been the
main source of it and we've borrowed where the investments we've made have
to a considerable extent been able to redeem themselves in that way. So
this hasn't been a net impost so to speak on the South African currency
position. These are important investments which we have and they are part
of a general policy which comes down to the fact that if you are in world
mining you better be in world mining and you can't be a small parochial
exercise in any one country~-you have to be part of a wide. scene.

[Rogers] Would it be a fair question to ask you to put a figure on those
overseas investments? What are they worth?

[Relly] Well, for the most part they are not all directly quoted on the
market, but I should think they add up to many hundreds of millions of
dollars [words indistinct].

[Rogers] Now, when we hear about American companies and others disinvesting
in South Africa, we see that as being bad news. Now, on the other hand, when
we hear of Anglo-American or Liberty Life, or whatever it might be, investing
overseas we tend to see that, I think, as good news, but is that not the
same thing, in a sense, as disinvestment?

[Relly] No, it is not, because as I say, the extent that one can invest
overseas at all has really got to be done on one's international credit-
worthiness. It is not as if the money is being taken from South Africa where
it could have gone into some good cause or investment and put away overseas.
What one does overseas has to a great extent had to wash its own face. So
this is not necessarily money or credit which would be available in South

Africa.

[Rogers] Now, I am pushing this a little, perhaps, but does this not make
Anglo-American another of the multinational corporations we talk about

93



JPRS*SSA=86*064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

EGLIN DISCUSSES POSTAPARTHEID ECONOMY
MB221551 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1545 GMT 22 May 86

[Text] Thabanchu, May 22, SAPA--An economic system only survived if it was
relevant to the needs of the people, the leader of the official opposition,
Mr Colin Eglin, said today.

Speaking at the annual conference of the Orange Free State African Chamber
of Commerce and Industry, he said the post-apartheid South Africa would
require "vast amounts of money" if it was to provide the infrastructure and
the services the people would demand.

The government could not provide this money on its own.

The role of the private sector, the enterpreneur and the black businessman
in this new society would be to generate the wealth of the nation.

“Without that wealth there will be no socio-economic reconstruction and no
adequate services--but there will be mounting demands and revolutionary
pressures coming from an increasingly frustrated and angry people.

"If the free enterprise system fails to deliver the goods the people will
turn against the system and try to replace it with something else, in all
likelihood a Marxist system or some local variant of this."

If an economic system failed to meet the needs of the people it would
"simply be sweapt away by the tide of history."

For generations now the free enterprise system had been denied the oppor-
tunity of being truly free and of showing what it can do I trust that you
businessmen will prove that you can create wealth, not just for yourselves
but for the people.

"I£ you do so you: will not only help to roll back poverty but you will help
to strengthen the wider concept of human freedom."

/8918
cso: 3400/1840

72



GOVERNMENT TO REPAY DEBTS TO YUGOSLAVIA IN KIND

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 7 May 86 p 1

[Text]

By Times Reporter
AN international Yugoslav company — Energo-Invest —
has expressed willingness to be paid in kind for some of.
Zambia's outstanding debts to ease debt-servicing prob-

lems.

Chairman of the firm Mr Dragustin Kosovac told President
Kaunda at State House yesterday the decision was
intended to help Zambia during her present difficulties.

Mr Kosovac who would pot say ‘the amount outstanding,
said his company appreciated the problems Zambia was
facing and ‘was prepated to help by accepting goods
instead of cash.

The company, which specialises in electrical projects has

“been operating in Zambia for the past !7 years.

Mr Kosovac said Energo-Invest engaged more Zambians
than Yugoslavs on projects,

In his welcome remarks Dr Kaunda praised the partner-
ship between Zambia and the Yugoslav firm.

Dr Kaunda who later hosted a luncheon for the Yugoslav
delegation, said Zambia was ready to forge ahead and
hoped Energo-Invest was also eager to rekindle coopera-

» tion. "

In Livingstone, chairman of the Mpongwe Development
Company Mr Martin Mubanga said the K7 million
electrification programme for the MDC had been
completed.

The project, which was undertaken by Energo-Invest was
expected to save the company K2 million in fuel costs
annually. "

Mr Mubanga, who is Southern Province political secre-
tary, said all the plans that were made for Mpongwe
would now be put into motion since electricity was avail-

/8309

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33

able.

The company would’ save
about K3,000 a day on
diesel. ‘For the last
seven years we have
been trying to get power
and for Mpongwe it is a
dream come true since
some investors were
doubtful whether the
programme would suc-
ceed,"’ he said.

A ceremony would be held
soon to inaugurate the
installation of electricity.
The power supply goes
up to Mukumpu — a
mining venture which. is
20 km away.

Mr Mubanga said people
living near the power
lines would use electri-
city as they could easily
pay for connection of
power to their areas.

He said: “This is a big
achievement which
shows that the Party is
not giving lip-service to
agriculture. This is a
practical example.” He
commended _ -President
Kaunda for his personal
interest in the Mpongwe
project.

Three months ago the
Government gave MDC
K4 million for electrifica-
tion,

JPRS*SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA



ALL-AFRICA CONFERENCE ON POPULATION NOTES LOCAL PROGRESS

Harare THE HERALD in English 14 May 86 p 1

[Text] The most able and
literate young villagers
must be prevented from
migrating to towns if
there is to be rapid
agricultural production
and growth in rural in-
comes in Africa,
Zimbabwe's director of
census and statistics,
Dr Gibson Mandishona,
said yesterday.

He told the All-Africa ‘
Parliamentary Conference
on Population and Devel- ,
opment meeting in Ha-
rare that able youths
must be the vanguard of
progress in a rural com-
munity. This meant that
amenities had to be set
up in those areas.

‘The bright lights of
the cities brought gcores
of young men looking for
work and most of these
migrants from the rural
areas were able-bodied
young men in thelr 20s.

The ressures that
these migrants put on
medical, educational,
housing, employment and
aocial — facilities = were
called the “urbanisation
of rural poverty” and sn
some cases shanties and
slums mushroomed, creat-
ing health and sanitation
hazards,

Dr Mandishona said
about half the population
of most African countries

was under 15 years old,
and this placed a heavy
burden on poor countries
to supply the social and
educational facilities
needed,

There was also the

problem of finding jobs
for school-leavers achiev-

“ing higher educational

qualifications but finding

. ‘themselves unemployed.

Those from better-off
and better ‘educated
familles could afford to
be unemployed for long
periods until a Ford job
turned up, but the illite-
rate youths and the slum
dwellers had to take any
job offered or return to a
rural area. Unemployed
rates were thus often

higher for Uterate than

for illiterate workers,
The vice-president of the
Eastern and Southern
Africa region of the World
Bank, Mr Edward Jaycox,

said yesterday that Zi-*

mbabwe was a. leader in
emily planning — pro-
grammes in sub-Saharan
Africa.

He told the, conference
that the Government had
taken a significant ef-
fort in such program.
mes,

“It has done excep-
tonally well in the re-
latively | short period
since independence. More
than one-quarter of mar-
Tied women in reproduc-
tive age in Zimbabwe
are using a modern me-
thod of contraception
anq over two-thirds of
mothers have knowledge

of oral contraceptives,” |

said Mr Jaycox,
Although the detailed

results of the 1982 Zimba- :

bwe census were not yet

45

‘available’

building =a.

JPRS*SSA~86 4064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

it, was clear
that the fertility rate had
declined significantly
since the previous census
of 1969.

Mr Jaycox attributed
the success to the increas-
ing female education,
urbanisation ‘and a high
per capita income by
African standards ($740).
The high cost. of raising
a large family hed also
probably increased the
demand for family plan-

ming.

‘The Government had
also taken the lead in
consensus
about the legitimacy of
family planning, expres-
sing concern about the
damage done by rapid po-
pulation ¢) . “Unfor-
tunately most African
governments have not
been supportive of family
planning.”

Another World Bank
expert, Professor Frede-
rick Sat, said Africa’s
population growth rate,
the highest on any conti-
nent in history, must be
ylewed as abnormal and

_ pathological,

Prof Sai, a Ghanaian
and senfor population ad-



JPRS“SSA*86«064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

STATISTICS ON ECONOMY, TRADE ISSUED
Harare THE HERALD in English 15 May 86 p 9

[Text] ‘THE latest overview of Flue-cured_ tobacco

the economy as contained
in the Central Statistical
Office’s Stats-Fiash but-.
letin for March:

Output in the manufac-
turing sector grew by
114 percent last year
with all groups recording
increases With the  ex~
jecption of the foodstutts
| sub-sector, ‘which showed
‘a 4,9 percent decrease,
Textiles registered the
‘highest increase of 41
,Pereent.

! Mineral production fell

yore Percent between

i ond 1085. Most

minerals showed slight

decreases in output but

asbestos Increased by five
pereent, * per ex-

a the highest de- °
crease with a drop of |
11,1 percent,

Compared to the aver-
age monthly production
jn 1985, mineral output
was 17,1 percent lower in ~

January this year. Sig- ~'*

nificant decreases. were,
recorded for copper and
anbeatos but coal
recorded a. 22,6 percent
increage.

ZimbaPwe had a vifible ~
traie batanco surplus of
$153,9 mililon during the ~
first nine months of last

year. South Afrien was)

the major supplier of im-
ports followed by the Un-
Ited States and the Un‘
ited Kingdom. The Un-
ited Kingdom was tte’
leading market for ex-
ports followed by South
Africa. :

remained the largest
foreign currency earner
while’ machinery and
trausport ulpment ‘and
fuels and iricity. con-
tinued to be the main
foreign currency absor-
bers. :

The consumer price
index. for higher income:

January and February.
this year and by 15,9 per
cent between Fel ry.
1985 and February this
year. For the lower int
come urban families, the,
index rose by 2.8 percent ;
and 11,6 percent respec-
twely for the fame per-

/8309
cso: 3400/1715

50



viser with thé bank's |
population, health and |
nutrition department, told
the conference yesterday ‘
that the Population
growth some 0! ie
characteristics of an epl-
demic, -|
It was out of step with |
the needs and wants of
communities and families.
In most African coun-
tries children would not
be properly fed until
population growth was
brought down, .
While a few people. j
would be unha) to see’
African countries at
a moderate rat
greatest danger was ¢x-.,
cessive rapid growth,
“creating a condition in |
which even the’ most as-
tounding development
never catches up with
exploding needs”.

/8309 ;
csO: 3400/1715

6



JPRS*SSA*86-064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

REPORTAGE ON CATHOLIC BISHOPS CALL FOR ECONOMIC PRESSURE
Meeting Discusses Statement
MB240538 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0533 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] Cape Town, May 23, SAPA--As far as possible every point of view
relevant to. the recent Catholic Biships' statement about the moral rightness
of certain economic pressures to force change on the government had been
heard before that decision had been taken.

This was said by the Most Rev Stephen Naidoo, RC [Roman Catholic] archbishop
of Cape Town, to an audience of about 400 local Catholics who gathered last
night to hear the view of the bishops, formulated at the recent Catholic
bishops conferénce.

Also speaking on the platform was a leading Catholic theologian, Professor
Brian Gaybba, professor of theology at UNISA [University of South Africa].

The audience was told that while it was outside of the bishops' realm of
competence to make purely economic assessments of economic pressure to
change the government's mind on apartheid, there was an undeniable need to
come to some decision on the moral rightness of such pressure.

It had been decided that under certain circumstances economic pressure which
led to a minimum of unemployment and which did not cripple the economy was |
justifiable.

Other aspects of the bishop's statement were explained and questions were
answered.

The meeting was one of a series being held around country.
Catholics Divided Over Call
MB241220 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1218 GMT 24 May 86
[Text] Cape Town, May 24, SAPA--The Catholic community is divided about
economic sanctions and passions are running high, Prefessor Brian Gaybba of

the Department of Theology at the University of South Africa, told a meeting
of Catholics in Cape Town.

75



On the second tier, the government last week announced a new system of provin-
cial. councils, to be introduced within the next 6 weeks. These new provincial
councils have been criticized for being nominated and not elected bodies. But
at least, they represent a step forward in the reform process, insofar as they
are multiracial bodies representing black people. On the same basis, the
government has also given the go-ahead for executive for KwaZulu and Natal.

At local and regional levels then, government blueprints for power sharing
between all population groups already exist, although they have been received
with less than wide enthusiasm.

However, at the first or central level there is still a relative vacuum in.
this respect. No national power sharing structures which include blacks have
yet been proposed. Even the announcement of an intended national council

as a forum for negotiation to this end has been received with some skepticism
within the black community. The publication of the National Council Bill
tomorrow is therefore intended as the step to open up this avenue of national
negotiation. Its success is seen as crucial. First, to facilitate the find-
ing of a formula for equitable power sharing between all population groups

at central government level, to the relative satisfaction of all, and second,
therefore, to help to stop the violence in the country. Third, the profits
of successful national negotiation will also spill over to the regional and
local levels of government. One reason for their lack of wide success,

local black leaders say, is the perception that they are intended as an
alternative to central power sharing, instead of part of a formula of power
sharing at all levels. Successful negotiation at central level will there-
fore also give legitimacy and wider acceptance to the proposed local and
regional structures of devolution. It will facilitate a drive for across-
the-board reform and alleviate suspicion that has caused even well-intended
reforms in lesser significant spheres than the national to have bogged down.
[end video]

[Alexander] Will the proposed national council be successful and is it able
to break the deadlock? Over to John Bishop to discuss the issue.

[Bishop] Thank you, Michelle. In government the hopes are high that it will
indeed succeed. Joining me now are Solly Rammala in Pretoria and Prof Willie
Breytenbach in Cape Town. Gentlemen, welcome. I think you have had an
opportunity to see the interview with Chief Buthelezi, and of course you
will have seen the background report just a few minutes ago. First of all,

I have got a couple of quotes that I have dug out of Minister Heunis'
announcement made in parliament. First one, if you will just listen: There
is no question any more on the need for power sharing among all South African.
communities. The only issue left is the how. That is the first quote, and
the second one; The national council should therefore indeed be viewed as
the starting point for power sharing. Can we start with you, Mr Rammala.

[Rammala] Mr Bishop, one would obviously, under the circumstances, hope

that a move like this would succeed. We in local government have long com-
plained that local government has been placed in a very difficult position

by the failure of government to resolve the question of power sharing at the
central level. However, one would obviously have to express some reservations

85



JPRS«SSA~86«064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

NKALA CALLS FOR STRENGTHENING POLICE FORCE

Harare THE HERALD in English 10 May 86 p 1

[Text]

Herald Reporter
‘THE nation's police must be turned into a
evack force that can protect the public and win
the fight against ever more sophisticated crime,
the Minister of Home Affairs, Cde Enos Nkala,

said yesterday,
He was ofticlally opening a conference of Zimbabwe °
Nepublic Police chiefs held ih Harare yesterday.

Cée Nkala, sald since he moved to Home Affairs
he and members of the police force had tackled police
problems of discipline, erimes committed hy members
of the force and many others.

“I am happy to observe that police performance
ix very much on the improvement but there is still
more yoom for fraprovement. Zimbabwe, Mike most
countries in the world, has to find ways and means of
dealing with aa ever-rising erime rate,” he said.

“The public hag become aware that they are not ,
helng policed sufficiently and are complaining about
thig situation, Jn addition, erlminals are becoming:
ever more sophisticated and one must wonder whether
the police are rising to the occasion in order to be
able adequately to deal with this level of sophistica-
ton.”

He said there was mecd to reintroduce foot and
bleycle patrols. ‘The public was complaining about
rampant thefts in low-density suburbs and Cde Nkala
gatd he was not happy with the relatively few patrols
{hat otherwise served as R deterrent to would-be
eriminals,

“The Implementation of the objectives of policing
ave a regponstbility for nll police personnel, no matter
how senlor or junior.” .

Stressed

He ‘stressed the uced for officers to perform thelr
dulles wilh “absolute loyalty, devotion and dedication
1o duty and to the State authority which ig the Zanu
(PY) Government of the people”.

He sald: “No police offiger who lacks any of these
elernents deserves to remain at Ms or her job a day

longer."

/8309

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On his country-wide tour of police posts, Cde Nialn
‘said he had emphastsed the heed for police interaction
with the people, discipline and freedom from corruption,

He said It ‘was imperative that the strects were
eleared of criminals before the non-aligned summit.

“Pick up all suspects, people with funny-looking
hair, prostitutes, people spending time walling around
ntealing from cars. We do vot need them becatise they
pollute our eflles, Arrest them. I will defend you if
people attack you for taking this action.”

He sald the police must help people in every way.

“We cannot be heard to give excuses to the public
such 3 that you ure shorl of motor vehicla because
that is an Internal matter (for police), From the
public’s view they have a right to expect that poliec
are always mobile and able to respond to all situations.
Your image fn this'regard needs improvement."

le Nknla called for an expanded public relations
:department tn. the police which would reertve com-
plaints from the public dnd liaise with the force. He
sold such a public relations department should he set
up at every station,

The police must also treat people under arrest
well, 7

Cde Nkala pointed out that he had received several
complaints from bodies that included Amnesty Inter-
national, but his investigations had proved these alle-
gations to he false, :

The Grade 7 entry qualification for the police was
on Its way out. He sald Grade 7 was being phased out
in preference for O level.

It was the Prime Minister, Cde Mugabe's, opinion
88 well bs his that In the face of ever-increasing sophls-
fication In crimes and criminals, the level of education
of those combating it should also rise.

He urged the senlor officers — und every member
of the force — to guard against tribalism and regional-
ism, A true and efficient polleeman was above all these.
He added that they were “sharp instruments for the
destruction of the police force".

‘Yhe raids on kachasu brewers around Harare were
commendable but a lot more needed to be done to
RAVE ple.

40



JPRS-SSA-86-064
19 JUNE 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
GHANA
OAU Staff, Others Oppose Closing of Accra Office
(Accra Domestic Service, 22 May 86) sessecsseccccecscceece
Briefs
Joint Commission With Nigeria
LIBERIA
University President Discusses School's Financial Problems
(ELWA, 27 May 86)... nee c eee r eee eee eee erence eeeeneeeees
MOZAMBIQUE

Analysis Sees No New Faces in Recent Government Reshuffle
(AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL, 7 May 86) ...seccceccccccccccceecece

Briefs
Paris Maintains Aid

NAMIBIA

Constitutional Proposals Prospects, Details Discussed
(Jean Sutherland; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 12 May 86) ....

Ministers Visit Operational Area, Talk With Military, People
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 13 May 86) .

NIGERIA

Naval Central Logistic Base Opens in Sapele
(Olu Adebayo; NEW NIGERIAN, 10 May 86) ..sececceccesceeees

-a-

11



Apart from the 1500 who moved to Khayelitsha, relief workers were dealing
with an estimated 7,000 people at various aid points on the Cape Flats.

The remainder are though to have found temporary refuge with other township
dwellers. But they are almost certain to emerge once the "heat is off" to
re-establish themselves and this could start the cycle of conflict again.

The second potential thorn in the bureaucratic side concerns the largest
single aid contribution--R100,000 from the Urban Foundation, which is ear-
marked for providing shelter for homeless people.

A Foundation source said the shelter would be provided after consultation
with the refugees on where it should be provided.

Although the government has announced urgent measures to upgrade the "Old
Crossroads" it has made it clear that this excludes the re-establishment
of the vanquished satellites of Nyanga Bush, Portland cement and Nyanga ex-
tension, destroyed this week by the "witdoeke" and now encircled by the
government's barbed wire.

The aid is being used to treat the injured, fill empty stomachs and provide
blankets and shelter.

But against the scale of the need the aid is limited and not even a medium-
term solution is in sight.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1841

63



JPRS*SSA=86*064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

CANADIAN GRANT TO BENEFIT RURAL AREAS

Harare THE HERALD in English 15 May 86 p 3

(Text ]

/8309
cso:

Herald Reporter.

ZIMBABWE and ihe
Canadian International
Development Agency
yesterday sighed a
39,4 million grant
agreement, with the
rural arens = getting
most of the aid,

Canadian Aid to Zimba-
bwe has now reached
$113,2° million since _in-
dependence.

The agreement was
signed by the Minister of
Finance, Economic Pinan-
ning and Development,
de Lernard . Chidzero,
and Cids's president, Mrs
Margaret Catley-Carlson,
in Harare,

The agreement | will
benefit the’ public sector
in Zimbabwe's Five Year
National Development.
Plan, It Is expected to
contribute 63 percent of
gross fixed enpltal forma-
‘lon and 52 percent of
capital formation for the
plan period, said Cde Chie
dzero,

‘the grant will enable
the Importation of essen-
tial {tems, ‘The major
feneficlary will bo tele-
communications through
additional PABX systems
and rural yadlo tele-

3400/1715

phones, and the importa-
tlon Gf combine ‘harvest-
scers hy the Agriculturat
and Rural Development
Authority in the next
two to three years.
Cde Chidzero. sald Can~

ade, had honoured its
pledges made at indepen-

dence and at the Zimeord ©

conference in 1981,

‘The Government would
play «major role in the
transtormation of . the
economy in the next five
years alongside the pri-
vate sector, he sald. ‘The
grant would enable the
Government - and — para~
statals to buy Canadian
goods for rural develop-
ment projects. .

This is the second de-
velopment aid project
that Canada and Zimba-
bwe have undertaken to
assist Government in-
volvement in rural areas;
the first was a low-interert
Joan for $17,2 million
which hag now heen used,

Mrs Caticy-Carison gnid
she was impressed hy
Zimbabwe's achievements
in the Nteracy, health,
agriculture and other sec.
tors since independence.

She hoped for further
‘co-operation between the
two countries ‘as they
were united in the Com-
monwealth and shared the
same ideals on the de-
stabilisation of the South-
ern Africa region.

49



lines of action are probably clearer, perhaps, than ours though and they
should pursue them.

[Rogers] Would you agree that the mining industry needs to do quite a lot
still, in the way of reform, if we look at its part in the past, where per-
haps blacks were made landless largely by the Land Act of 1913, and influx
control, and so on, making available cheap labor for mines and farms? We
saw the development of the mine compounds, which were ideal institutions
for enforcing discipline and doing away with absenteeism, and so on. Now,
all of that has still got a little way to change, would you say?

[Relly] Yes, that is right. I.am not quite clear in what context you talk
about from the mines’ point of view, but the mines certainly, now that we
are going to see the removal of the Scheduled Persons Act and the Mines and
Works Act, we will be able to create a nonracial manning policy, which will
make all the difference to our ability to use both our white and our black
employees to the best advantage.

[Rogers] Do you think the Chamber of Mines can still function effectively
when you have within the chamber Anglo, if you like, standing on the left,
and others like General Mining and Goldfields rightly or wrongly perceived
by others to be standing on the right, and having to deal with the black
labor force on very emotional industrial relations issues? Can the chamber
keep together?

[Relly] Well, I think the chamber essentially has got to keep together for
all sorts of reasons other than labor matters, but in the labor area, there
are genuine and legitimate different points of view, and there are different
points of view about how to develop or handle trade unions, about how one
maintains discipline, how one maintains management authority, and these
things are... [changes thought] There is no one right answer. You could be
right sometimes, and wrong the next. And I think this recognition will hold
the chamber together.

[Rogers] One issue on which presumably you have got to stay together, is
the one you mentioned, the Scheduled Persons Act. The mining industry is
the only one which still has job reservation. Is that job reservation
going to go this year, and are we going to see a white union strike in
response to that? And I am afraid your answer has to be fairly brief.

[Relly] Well, my answer is that I do not think... [changes thought] It
will go, and I do not think we will see a white union strike, because most
of the unions are well aware of it, and accept it.

[Rogers] Mr Gavin Relly, thank you for talking to us tonight on "Network."
[Relly] Thank you. [end video]

/6091
cso: 3400/1847

98



JPRS«ssa.

“86-064

19 June 1986

PARTY OFFICIALS ORDERED TO RENEW MEMBERSHIP OR QUIT POSTS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 5 May 86 p 1

[Text]

LUSAKA Urban governor Mr
Michael Sata has ordered Party of-
ficials who have not renewed their
cards to do so or quit their posts by

Friday this week.

He has discovered
during his continuing
tour of wards -in the
district that the Party
was moribund because
of lack of organisa-
tion, squabbling and
financial indiscipline.

The most notorious
ward, according to Mr
Sata’s observation, is
Chaisa, where he found no
proper membership
records, no minutes of,
meetings, no records of
donations and no proper
financial records.

From records in his of-
fice, Mr Sata noted that out
of 1,992 officials in the
ward, only 200 had renewed
their membership this -year
and only 375 new members
had been recruited.

At Newerere Ward, none
of the 1,464 officials had
renewed their cards and not
a single member had been
recruited this year. .

And out of 1,248 officials
in Justin Kabwe Ward, only
818 had renewed their cards

while none of the 2,532 ol-
ficials at Mpulungu “Ward
had renewed membership.

Addressing a meeting at
Chaisa Pre-school yester-
day, Mr Sata wondered
what justification there was
for leaders to hold Party

osts at ward and branch
levels when they were not
Party members.

“f am giving you seven
days in which to renew your
membership. If you don’t, 1
am conducting by-elections
in your wards next Friday
because you, cannot lead the
people when you are not

“members of the Party. May

be this will help solve pro-
blems in the wards,’’ he
said.
At Chaisa, which district
youth chairman Mr William
Banda described as the
source of problems, Mr
Sata took ward secretary
Mr Samuel Tembo to task
for failing to produce all
documents and records.

The governor was told.
that the ward was fraught
with mudslinging, sus-

. "pensions and counter-sus-

pensions without regard to
the Party Constitution. A
group of people masque-
rading as Party militants
levied marketeers money,

23

using Kwacha branch date
stamp.

What surprised the gover-
nor was that the ward
secretary kept receipts of
the levies without cash and
could not tell him who
issued and signed th¢
receipts.

Mr Banda told the gover-
nor that leaders in the ward
were ‘‘very stubborn.
suspended elected officials
and imposed leaders of their
choice on the people’.

In 1983, people were ask-
ed to donate money for the
clinic in the area ‘‘but the
money has vanished. Bwana
governor, Chaisa ward is
very complicated. Any of-
ficial who complains about
the running of financial af-
fairs gets suspended without
going through the
disciplinary committee.’’

Mr Sata spent three hours
conducting an on-the-spot
“academy”? on the black
board with chalk on the re-
quirements of the Party
Constitution and told the
officials that if they follow-
ed the Constitution, they
would be operating
smoothly.

_Earlier, he ordered
vigilantes in the ward to
“shepherd” all marketeers
conducting their business
along the sewage line at the
back of the market which
they had abandoned for un-
explained reasons.

ZAMBIA



THERMAL POWER PLANT COMMISSIONED--The new ¥700 million Egbin Thermal Power
Station capable of generating 1,320 megawatts of electricity yearly was
yesterday commissioned by President Ibrahim Babangida. The edifice said to
be the biggest in Africa, is NEPA's new bid to generate enough electricity
to meet the nation's rising demand. Built on the north shore of the Lagos
Lagoon, the station is equipped with six dual fuel reheat steam units of
200 megawatts each. The first three units are already in commercial
operation, the fourth unit is undergoing commissioning rests. The fifth
will be fired up in June and the sixth unit is in an advanced stage of
construction. The new plant is capable of running both natural gas and
fuel oil. The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation will soon construct
the Natural Gas pipeline to supply the plant by 1987. Feasibility studies
and site selection for the project started in'1976 while construction work
started in 1982. The plant is expected to be completed in November 1987.
[Text][Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 14 May 86 p 1]/12828

cso: 3400/1834

19



NATION STRIVES TO CLEAR SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT ARREARS

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 18 Apr 86 p 6

[Article by Patti Waldmeir]

[Text] THE Zambian government, which
is implementing one of the tough-

est economic reform

are due to go out in May.
The plan is part of

an IMF-sup-
economic reform pro-

31

Zambian officials concede

vestors will inevitably be put off
by the Bank of Zambia’s failure so
far to remit foreign companies’ le-
gitimate profits and dividends
which have been blocked in the
pipeline.

To deal with this problem, the
Bank of Zambia and its advisers,
UK merchant bank Morgan Gren-
fell and accountants Peat Marwick
Mitchell & Company, have devised
a plan involving the issuance of US
dollar-denominated promissory

notes.

‘The terms of the offer to pipeline
creditors, which have yet to be fi
@ Earl: anext om
Oat fabeibued with mata
ties spread over a nine-year period
from 1988.

The notes will be issued for the
principal amount of “pipeline”
debt (subject to reconfirmation
against commercial bank records

JPRS*SSA*86~064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA.



CROP ESTIMATES REVISED UPWARD FOR MAIZE, COTTON

Statistical Office Forecast

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 May 86 p 1

[Text]

» Central Statistical
three

Herald Reporter

-ZIMBABWE’S farmers have grown even more maize, tobacco and cotton

than first expected, boosting the nation’s reserves and. potential exyort

earnings.

The crop forecasting

committee chaired aa
co

met weeks ago to
make o second official
Yerecast.'of the season's
production and update the
figures estimated at the
beginning of March.
It is now thought that
all farmers Ww more
than 2645 million tonnes
of maize; the March esti-

“mate was less thah 2,4

inillion tonnes,. Commu-
nal farmers are now ex-

pected to bring in a crop
fr’ 1,2 million es, Te-
acttlement farmers | an-
other 148000 tonnes and
commercials just under
1,2 million tonnes.

Total delivertes to the
Grain Marketing Board
ore expected to exceed
1,877 million tonnes with
communal and resettle-
ment farmers, who keep
much of their production
for own use, contributing
a little over 40 percent,

, The fiue-cured tobacco
crop is now expected’ to

top 114441. tonnes, al-
it 2000 eg more
than the ‘March estimate

‘with almost all . comin

from the commercla
farmers,

Burley, at 2000 tonnes,

a about 500 tonties less

than originally estimated,

‘The Albar cotton crop,

the principal type, is pow

produce

Pere tonnes, com)

-to_the firat estimate of

288 971 tonnes, with com-
mefclal farmers bringing
in just under half the
crop, communsls account:
ing for 98
giher

29662 tonnes,

There will also be 2454
tonnes of Deltapine cotton
and 1873 tonnes of Del-
mac cotto!

‘The sorghum was
not estimated in ‘March
but the committee now
believes 131200 tonnes
were grown, with com-
mercial farmers bringing
in just over half, com-
munal farmers about
68000 tonnes and re-

Sor

55

settlement ‘schemes

counting for 4 400 tonnes,

Total deliveries’ ‘to'"the

GMB should amount to
84000, mostly from com:
mercials,

poke mhi and’ ra-

‘crop, totalling more

on “T49 000 tonnes, ‘Is
lower than expected.

Tn contrast to better-

» than-expected harvests of

tobacco and cotton,

aes:

oilseeds are not as —

good as expected.

‘The soya crop is now
estimated at 73560 ‘ton-
nes, more than 10 000 he-
low the estimate.
J The two peasant domi-
nated oil crops, ground-
nuts ang sunflower, are

below first _expecta-

tions, The groundnut crop"

ia now expected’ to total

just. over 60000 tonnes. *

‘The sunflower. crop is
mow expected to be around
18 360 Tonnes (less than

1000 tonnes below first —

tonns *Datng tel rod to
68 vered to
the GMB, .

\

\


JPRS=SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

STELLENBOSCH ACADEMICS CRITICIZE ECC BAN
MB232025 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2017 GMT 23 May 86

[Text] Cape Town, May 23, SAPA--A group of 21 Stellenbosch University aca-
demics today issued a statement criticising the decision of the university's
council to ban all activities of the End Conscription Campaign (ECC) on the
campus.

The academics, who include four professors, said the ban on the ECC created
a precedent with disturbing implications and called for its immediate re-
traction.

In the statement, the academics said: "The grounds for the university
council's decision to ban all activities of the End Conscription Campaign
on the campus have not been made clear.

"The refusal of the university authorities even to provide the wording of
the council's decision to those directly affected by it has also made it
difficult to understand the decision.

“What is clear is that this ban creates a precedent with disturbing implica-
tions.

"Less than a year ago the university council stated that it welcomed rational
discussion of matters of public importance in justifying its ban on demon-
strations on the campus.

“That undertaking to allow discussion at least is now restricted, according

to a report in DIE MATIE, on the grounds that an organisation only covers

one aspect of one government policy and that its activities border on illegal-
ity.

"These criteria cannot possibly be applied consistently and can only be re-
garded as an arbitary violation of academic freedom. The question arises
whether the council is from now on going to make itself responsible for
deciding what opinions can be aired on the campus. That would be irrecon-~
cilable with the university's basic task of teaching its students to form
their own opinions in a responsible manner. We ask that the relevant decision
be retracted as soon as possible for the sake of the university," the statement
said.

/8918

cso: 3400/1840 2B



JPRS*SSA=86-064
19 June 1986

KWACHA AUCTION SYSTEM RECEIVES GOVERNMENT ATTENTION

Lusaka ZAMBIA DATLY MAIL in English 28 Apr 86 p 1

[Text]

Kaunda Pledges 'Side-effect' Investigation

By ail Reporter

‘PRESIDENT Kaunda

is soon to appoint a
tariff commission
of inquiry to look at
the side-effects of the
auction system and
recommend which
industries and goods
required protection.

The commission would

comprise representatives
from the Zambia Federa-
tion of Employers, gover-
nment, Zambia Congress
of Trade Unions and the
Zambia Industrial and Co-
mmercial Association.

The inquiry team, which
would precede the appoi-
ntment of a permanent
tariff commission, would
be given three months
in which to gather informa-

The government was
taking steps to stabilise

the Kwacha and lessen
economic hardships
people have been experie-

neing.
“We will take steps
to stabilise the Kwacha.
We are not going to be the
first to do so because’ Ame-
rica, Japan and other Wes-
tern nations do the same
when their currencies are
dropping.’ In a week's ti-
me, the central bank and
the Ministry of Finance
would recommend to the
International Monetary
Fund and the World
Bank when they meet
and we will see how
they react to this,”’ he said.
Dr Kaunda suspected
that there was a highly
organised cartel of busine-
ssmen manipulating the
auction system by bidding

uniformly and highly to.

the detriment of the Kwa-

ie said he had obser-
ved the bids for the past

25

two weeks and was sur-
prised to find that ever-
yone of them was bidding
at the same rate.

payee I looked at the

1 was surprised
to fo nd. that it was uniform,
everyone was bidding at
K7. How can this be un-
less the — businessmen
conspited to bid at the sa-
me rate. That is why I
believe that certain mea-
sures must be taken before
appointing the tariff co-
mmission.”

To improve on the sys-
tem, he said, the commi-
ssion of inquiry should ini-
tially analyse what is
taking place in - every
sector of the economy
and make the. necessary
recommendations.

“The commission will
have to recommend where
protection is required in
the industries. At the mo-
ment, the way the auctio-

ZAMBIA



think it has been stated, something like 80 percent of all the shares on the
Stock Exchange owned by a half dozen giant organizations among whom Anglo-
American is No 1?

[Relly] I don't think it is altogether healthy at all but it is a function
of our rather closed economy, and I don't see under current circumstances

and the circumstances we have had really. since 1960 where there isn't freedom
of movement, of currencies for foreign investment, I don't see how this can be
avoided. I think the institutions, particularly, have simply vast capital
flows which have to go somewhere. So in a sense we live in a cocoon and I
don't believe it is altogether healthy, no.

[Rogers] I will come back to that, but just looking at some of your image
problems, perhaps or otherwise, we have mentioned elitism, we have mentioned
size, and now I think also would you be conscious of a perception in the
Afrikaans community of as yet still not .a-total acceptance of Anglo-American
firstly, as English-speaking and secondly, going back to the years, perhaps
40 years ago, when Sir Ernest Oppenheimer, I think, was portrayed and
lampooned in the Afrikaans press as Hoggenheimer. Now do you think that you
have breached that particular problem by now?

{Relly] Well I think "die geldmag probleem" [the money-power problem] so to
speak is something which has passed away as the Afrikaans businessmen have
come to play a much more dominant role in South African economic affairs, and
so I don't think that image itself is a problem. What I do think is a prob-
lem is bigness, simply because people in an unsophisticated way see this as
a mighty power base which is somehow, perhaps, going to be used against them
in a political sense. So that fear remains. But I think Anglo-American's
contribution to development not only in South Africa but way up to the Congo
has spoken for itself. It has been a powerful force for good and certainly
in South Africa what I am proud of is not absolute size, but our organic
contribution, or contribution to organic growth--we are not in the business
of the paper game, we would much prefer to do things ourselves and that's
been impressive.

[Rogers] But would the perception of the black in South Africa, perhaps, not
be as favorable as you suggest there regardless of the facts which may be
correct as you have given them. But are you not seen because you are the
biggest and the arch example of capitalism, if you like, to be in a sense
public enemy No 1 to the politically conscious black in South Africa today?

[Relly] Well, I don't know why you should call it public enemy No 1. There
is no necessary conflict between black people in South Africa and capitalism,
but capitalism....

[Rogers, interrupting] But there is between capitalism and communism.
[Relly] Capitalism and communism, of course there is, and consequently we do
labor under this image problem in that respect. I personally don't take it

too seriously because the real issue is in the final analysis are large com—
panies and corporations able to make contributions to the wealth-creation

91



/12828
csO:

3400/1825

@ Marcelino dos Santos, a former party economic secretary and
more recently in semi-retirement as governor of Sofala, is
recalled to Maputo to devote full time to his role as permanent
secretary of the People’s Assembly (parliament). Traditionally
this is a minor post, but it takes on new importance with
Frelimo’s commitment to hold parliamentary elections this
year, for the first time since 1978. But dos Santos has been
given no economics role.

The 24 April government reshuffle saw the dis-
missal of the governor of the Bank of Mozambique,
Prakash Ratilal, and the finance minister, Rui Balta-
zar. They are now respectively vice minister of trade
and rector of the university. The post of secretary
of state for physical planning, created in 1983 when
Machungo was side-lined, is abolished. (The former
state secretary for physical planning, Jose Forjaz,
has been on a study leave in Italy for several months).
The new finance minister is former minerals minister
Abdul Magid Osman. Machungo and Osman are
proponents of highly centralised planning and big
state development projects, a concept which went
on the wane after the 1983 fourth party congress.
The above three who lost their jobs supported decen-
tralisation and smaller development projects.

Indeed, the reshuffle totally changes Mozam-
bique’s international economic face. Baltazar’s com-
plete removal from government is a_ particular
surprise. He is vice-chairman of SADCC and an
important figure in regional cooperation. Ratilal is
well known in international banking circles for his
regular trips to try to raise money for Mozambique.
Politburo member Jacinto :Veloso has. been made
head of a new ministry of cooperation, which is
to deal with all Mozambique’s foreign economic
relations - probably including IMF and World Bank
negotiations, and probably some of Ratilal’s and
Baltazar’s former tasks.

Several other ministerships and governorships
have also changed hands, but for the most part are
redistributed to people who are already governors
or ministers. One striking aspect about the whole
two-part reshuffle is Frelimo’s failure to bring in
new people with new ideas. Indeed it has turned
back to those who had been judged failures three
years ago. It also seems to spell the end to a phase
of decentralisation which was encouraged by having
politburo members in the provinces. But most
important, the reshuffle brought back to Maputo
and back into politics those politburo members who
had been eased out and who might have become
foci of dissent.



JPRS-S8A-86-96,
June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PFP MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT COMPARES NP, AWB
MB232009 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1926 GMT 23 May 86

[Text] Pietermaritzburg, May 23, SAPA--If the rhetoric of reform was set
aside then there was not much difference between the National Party [NP]

and the Afrikaner Weerstandbeweging [Afrikaner Resistance Movement, AWB],
the PFP [Progressive Federal Party] MP for Greytown, Mr Pierre Cronje said

today.

Speaking at a public meeting on this week's raids into Zimbabwe, Zambia and
Botswana at the Cathedral of the Holy Nativity, Mr Cronje said the raids
were a political and not a military statement.

Attended by more than 100 people, the meeting was organised by the PFP, the
End Conscription Campaign (ECC), the United Democratic Front (UDF) and The
Black Sash.

Addressing the reason for the raids, Mr Cronje said the government must have
weighed the consequences and the fact that they still went ahead can have
only two explanations:

"Either they are infinitely stupid if they are really committed to achieving
a democracy through peaceful means or they are really not stupid and are
not committed to a non-racial democracy and the only way to temporarily
prevent an invitable loss of power in an open democracy is to fight a
revolutionary onslaught through violent repression."

He said that the SABC had conveyed the impression that a number of broken
windows and doors and bent filing cabinets and three deaths was a great
military victory. The SABC had also adopted the attitude that "if Reagan
can do it, so can we, if Israel can do it, so can we, if Rambo can do it,
so can Pee Wee."

/8918
CSO: 3400/1840

74



JPRS*SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY STRESSES NEED FOR OPEN POLITICAL DEBATE

MB260719 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0545 GMT 26 May 86

[Station commentary]

[Text] All members of a community are the losers when intolerance among the
political extremists in their midst reaches a point where it interferes with
the freedom to put across facts and exchange views.

That is the real danger of such displays of crude violence as that which re-
sulted in the cancellation of a public meeting in the northern Transvaal
town of Pietersburg last week. It is a danger that has loomed increasingly
large in the past year or so as extremists on both ends of the political
spectrum have grown more and more reckless in their attempts to prevent
communities from hearing the views of those who disagree with them.

The violence itself in such situations in an intolerable onslaught on the
rights of fellow South Africans. Beyond that it reflects a determination

to deny people the freedom to make up their own minds about political issues.
It is an attempt to remove freedom of choice for ordinary men and women by
denying them access to information on and differing views about how to deal
with national affairs.

The right to choose from political alternatives becomes a farce when the
alternative are not in fact presented. To the extent that a community
allows the extremists in their midst to muzzle their opponents, therefore,
it is acquiescing in the destruction of its democratic birthright.

There is another more immediately apparent sense in which the people and
indeed the future of the country are the losers when the intolerance of the
violent minority gains ground. What kind of future South Africa has depends
above all on how well informed its people are.

In the end it is their perceptions, translated into political programs of
parties and interest groups, that will determine that future. And never
before has it been more necessary that ordinary people would acquaint
themselves thoroughly with the political, social, and economic realities of
national life if disastrous errors in policymaking are to be avoided.

80



JPRS“SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

JOINT COMMISSION WITH NIGERIA--The third session of ‘the permanent Ghana-
Nigeria joint commission for cooperation opened in Accra this morning. Heads
of delegations of the two countries stressed the need to build up and main-
tain in more concrete terms their long traditional bonds of relations. The
second session was held in Lagos, Nigeria, in October 1980. Since then the
commission has been on a virtual recess. The third session is expected to
finalize issues discussed at the second conference and work out a concrete
legal framework on rural areas. These include political, legal, consular,
economic and agricultural issues. Attention will also be given to trade,
transport and aviation, communication, energy, health, science, education,
culture and sports. The Ghanaian team is led by Mr Jack Wilmot, director of
the African and OAU Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Niger-
ian side by Alhaji Abubakr Alhaji, permanent secretary to the Nigerian
Foreign Ministry. [Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT

28 May 86 AB] /8918

CsO: 3400/1826



JPRS*SSA+86+064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY VIEWS REACTION TO POLITICAL FIGHTING

MB280928 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 28 May 86
[Station Commentary: "Reaction Towards South Africa"]

[Text] It is gladdening but perhaps it was inevitable that slowly it is
dawning on the Western world that issues in South Africa are not that simple,
and that this country needs time and understanding if its problems are to be
sorted out to the benefit of all South Africa's peoples and to the benefit

of the West.

It appears that the event that has really made an impression on the West
was the serious clash at the town of Pietersburg when members of the refor~
mist National Party clashed with extreme rightwingers. Suddenly political
observers are beginning to realize that there are three main forces in South
Africa--the radical left, the radical right, and between them the moderates
intent on a peaceful negotiated reform process in the country in terms of
negotiating machinery which is being created by the government.

In Britain a correspondent of THE DAILY MAIL has attributed the emergence of
a militant rightwing in South Africa to the fact that President P.W. Botha
is getting little credit for his dismantling of apartheid. He writes: To
some extent I blame the Western powers, including the United States and
Britain, for showing coolness to President Botha when they should have shown
more encouragement as he painstakingly struggle to drag his intransigent
supporters into the 20th Century. He remarks that it is in situations like
this that communism or nazism takes over.

THE DAILY EXPRESS newspaper echoes THE DAILY MAIL's call for more Western
encouragement for President Botha's attempts to change South Africa. Also
in Britain the influential TIMES newspaper says that the fact that the South
African Government is prepared to proceed with reform, despite rightwing
opposition, should prove to the world that its commitment to reform is more
than mere rhetoric.

And finally, Britain's biggest newspaper, THE SUN, has told the British
people and the government that they should not concern themselves with threats
from President Kaunda of Zambia and others that they would leave the Common-
wealth if Britain refused to apply sanctions against South Africa. The news-

78



FPRS~$54-86<964
June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

GAVIN RELLY DISCUSSES CHANGE ON 'NETWORK' PROGRAM
MB270937 Johannesburg Television Service in English 1800 GMT 25 May 86

{Interview with Anglo-American Corporation Chairman Gavin Relly in Johannes-
burg by Pat Rogers on the "Network" program introduced by John Bishop; date
not given--recorded]

{Text] [Bishop] We bring you an in-depth talk with a leading figure in the
South African private sector and chairman of Anglo-American Corporation.

He is Mr Gavin Relly. Now it has been said that if there is a man equipped
to guide the private sector through these troubled times, then Relly is such
aman. Pat Rogers talked to Mr Relly earlier this week and asked him about
his perceptions of the process of change in South Africa and the role of
this country's most powerful mining and industrial corporation, Anglo-
American.

[Begin video] [Rogers] Mr Reilly, you took over from Mr Harry Oppenheimer
as chairman of Anglo-American in 1983--that must be a very difficult act to
follow?

[Relly] Well, I certainly found it rather daunting. It is not easy to
follow a man of his vast experience and penetrating wisdom--I think it isn't
saying too much, and he is really a very remarkable intellect in his very
broad range of interests. I did find it difficult but he was very good.

He simply got out of the way for a year or so and let me find my own feel
which I think is a measure of what a great fellow he is because I think

was not difficult to simply move aside completely after being chairman for
25 years and a director for much longer. [sentence as heard]

[Rogers] Yes, but that sort of admiration for him which you obviously have
would not necessarily mean that you see things the same way and that you will
be running things the same way?

[Relly] No. I think I belong, perhaps, to a slightly more modern age and I
have seen things through, somewhat through different spectacles, and I think
just as South Africa is undergoing a great change at the moment so has the
Anglo-American got to do exactly the same thing, and, in fact, if possible
go faster and these weren't the sort of pressures which were on people years
ago in an earlier generation. So it is different world, and one has to deal
with it in that way.

89



JPRS«SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

BANDIT SHOT--A bandit-who was part of a gang of four that has been operating

in the Plumtree and Tsholotsho areas since 1982 was shot and killed by security
forces in the Nopenamo area, about 35 km north of Plumtree on Thursday. The
dead bandit was identified as Gabinkondo [words indistinct] who was said by the
locals to be a self-styled political commissar who operated in the Tsholotsho
and Plumtree areas. At the scene of the contact, police recovered an AK rifle,
four magazines, 19 loose rounds of ammunition, a grenade, bandages, toothpaste,
matches and a cassette of South African origin. A police spokesman said follow
up operations for the other bandits who fled were in progress--ZIS. [Text]
{Harare THE HERALD in English 10 May 86 p 1] /8309

GDR GIFT TO ZIANA--The Zimbabwe Inter-Africa News Agency yesterday received
photographic equipment worth $5,000 from the GDR news agency ADN. The donation--
three automatic cameras, flash lights, a photo dryer machine and 150 films--
comes under a cooperation agreement signed in 1981 between the two agencies
under which ZIANA staff have been trained in Berlin. Under the agreement ZIANA
has since received telex receivers for short-wave telecommunications, tele-
printers, antennas and spare parts, typewriters and telex paper. Accepting

the equipment on behalf of ZIANA, the chairman of the Zimbabwe Mass Media
Trust, Dr Davidson Sadza, said the gift was especially timely as the national
media was preparing for the non-aligned summit .--ZIANA [Text] [Harare

THE HERALD in English 14 May 86 p 5] /8309

TELEVISION SET OWNERSHIP--Television has become an essential commodity despite
only one in a thousand Zimbabweans owning a set. A spokesman for the Zimbabwe
Broadcasting Corporation told THE HERALD yesterday that it has issued 14,844
current licences for colour and about 72,000 for black-and-white television sets.
The prices for these products are beyond the reach of common people because of
taxation on the imported components, said a television manufacturer yesterday.
The imported components of the black-and-white sets, which are manufactured
locally, carry 80 percent of the cost and the other 20 percent is labour and
other materials. This means that on a black-and-white set which now costs
approximately $900 (12 inch), $504 is paid in duties on the [figure indistinct]
cost of the imported content. The spokesman said the import allocations for
television manufacturers were so small that they were spent within four months
a year leaving machines idle for the remaining months. Current regulations do
not allow the manufacture of colour televisions in the country. [Text]

[Harare THE HERALD in English 15 May 86 p 7] /8309

57



/8309
cso:

Nic also emphasised that price controls were necesshry not
only to prevent profitecring but to keep inflation under control,
atd that prices were reviewed when and where necessary.

Whether the private sector will accept this reasoning is, given
its ideological stance, open to doubt, but one area where it docs
appear to agree with the Government ig the pressing need to de-
velop the country’s Jong-neglected rural areas.

‘There have recently been several public discussions on how
nomic base in the rural areas could be broadened and
versified, with the latest taking place this week at the ZNCC
congress itself. But, as will no doubt be: further highlighted at the
congress, the problem reraaing as to exactly how the private sector
¢an help in this process and whether there will be any quid pro quo
in the form of extra incentives over and above what is already
offsred for going inte rural areas,

There iy alsoa fear that in the process, the potential smalt

entreprenene could he swamped by the large companies with their
easier secess to eredit, transpert and pocketsful of special in-
centives.

Steering a course through these potential difficulties will re-
quire a great deal of careful handling and planning by the Gov-
ernment, which is already doing its bit by improving social facili-
ties and transport in the rural areas.

Further special ineeatives will probably have to be introduced
19 encourage private sector participation, but the most exciting
aud compelling incentive should be the mere fact that the rural
market is vast, badly in need of better services and increased
employment opportanities.

3400/1715

53



GOVERNMENT TO ENFORCE EXPATRIATE WORK RESTRICTIONS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 May 86 pp l, 3

[Article by Bala Mohammed]

[Text]  yINISTER_of Employment,
Labour and Productivity, Rear
» Admiral Patrick Koshoni, has
said the Federal Government
would enforce expatriate ‘quota
restrictions to reserve certain
posts exclusively for Nigerians.

He said this was because com-
plaints about the operation of the
system indicated that the objec-
tives of expatriate quota alloca-

ition were not being achieved
= because of the machinations of

, some employers.

The minister said in an address:
“at the 27th annual conference of
Nigerian Etonomic Society in
Kaduna yesterday, that in spite
of the need fr Nigeria to imple-
ment phase two of the: Economic
Community of West African
States (ECOWAS) protocol on
free movement of people and
right to take up employment. in
any member state, “adequate
measures will be effected. to en-

sure that our national

economic interests are not in

jeopard:
He si

quate patronage.

/12828
CSO: 3400/1834

Employment
changes and Professional and
Executive Registries which were
set up to reduce the imperfec-
tions in the labour market, pro-
vide manpower statistics and
reduce the waiting period of the
job seekers, had suffered inade-

“Personnel managers do not
use these public employment of-
fices probably because of the per-
sonal influence and social posi-
tion direct recruitment gives
ihem,"* he added.

The minister said considera-
tion would be given to employ-
ment and that widening the
geographical distribution of these
offices possibly to the local
government headquarters level.

He said government would give
stimulus to vocational guidance
and employment counselling in
order to assist individuals in ar-
riving at vocational choices or to

‘solve otnér ‘problems wach ‘at-
fected their ability to undertake
or hold employment.

Governor of Kaduna State, Lt.-
Colonel Abubakar Umar said
unemployment and
underemployment constituted a
very serious problem that might
be detrimental to our socio-
economic progress.

In an address read by the state
Commissioner for -Economic
Planning, Dr. (Mrs.) Halima
Audu, the governor said this was
obvious because the problem was
not only persistent but was also
increasing at an alarming rate.

He said some of the related fac-
tors that led to this included in-
stitutional obstacles such. as
discrimination against jobs and
job-seekers in the labour market.
open neglect of employment
policies, restrictive wage and in-
come policies and irrelevant
educational systems.

The governor said the govern-
ment was aware of these pro-
blems as evident in recent policy
decisions, like the one by the
state government to implement
most of its development projects
by direct labour, and the lifting of
embargo on employment in the
state civil service.

15

JPRS*SSA~86~064
19 June 1986

NIGERIA



UN POPULATION TRAINING CENTER TO LOCATE AT UZ

Harare THE HERALD in English 14 May 86 p 5

[Text]

Herald Reporter
THE United Nations
Fund . for . Population
Activities wants to set its
‘Africa’s regional centre
for training on population
programmes at the Uni-
verity of Zimbabwe, the

resistant  seevetary-gen- *

eral. Dr Nafis Sadile said
yesterday.

Dr ‘Sadik told The
Herald in_an_ interview
that the UNFPA decided
to set up the centre In
Zimbabwe because . the
country’s population pre:
grammes were of high
standard in Africa and
the University of Zimba-

ee bwe had better facilities

/8309
cso:

to launch the centre.

“We would like to set ’

the centre for the trains
ing progremmes with the
department of business
management and admin-

sos istration department, We
* aye discussing the issue

with the Vice-Chancellor

of UZ, Professor Walter |

Kamba,” she said.

& At least §300000 had
been set aside for the
programme. In addition

> the UNFPA wos spending
between §700000. and
$800 000 & year in Zimba-
bwe on family planning.

‘Tho money wag coming

3400/1715

44

from almost §3 million
for African projects on
family planning to supply
contraceptives, . training
and other population pro-
jects,

She said the organisa-
tion had also provided ex-
perts in various countries
to help population staf.
She praised Zimbabwe for
its strong family planning
projects through which
several contraceptive
methods had been made
avatlable to women.

“Women need several
methods of contraception
from which they can
choose,” she added.

Dr Sadik disclosed
that there was a new
implanted method of con-
traception in which an
insertion is made under
the skin in a woman on
the upper arm.

“Tt fs belng tested in
developed and developing
countries, In some coun-
tries they will be able to
use it in a few months’
time.”

The method, which she
said. was effective, was
considered safe, without
side offects and lasted
five years -- releasing
smell doses each day into
the body,

JPRS*SSA~86~064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE



PM DISCUSSES NATIONAL SERVICE IDEA, ECONOMY

Harare THE HERALD in English 15 May 86 p 1

[Article by Andrew Rusinga]

[Text]

/8309
cso:

THE Government is considering
national service for all school-
leavers which will have 2. mili-
tary input among other activities,
Cde Mugabe sald.

Answering — questions = from
ZNUC members after opening
.thelr congress here, Cde Mugabe
sald a paper was before the Cabi-
net and was helng discussed.

“We are considering nationa!
sérvice not only because it affords
the youngsters the cpportinity to
a ire 2 skill but also to enable
them to be much more ‘conscious
and useful to the country.”

The ZNCC member had said:
the uncmployment situation was
worrying and there was need to
consider national service similar
to tho Swedjsh system to cnable
school-leavers to acquire skills.

Cde Mugabe said as outlined
Jin the first five-year National
Development Plan the ultimate
answer to the unemployment prob-
Jem Jay in the stimulation of busi-
ness activity and expansion t9
create more jobs. . 4

He sald there were many areas
where business expansion covld
take “place. There was scope for
torther expansion in agriculture
to grow other crops besides
tobacco, maize, cotton and soya-
beans, .

The Prime Minister totd the
more than 200 do’egntes ineind-
ing Cabinct ministers, dintomats
and the Governor of Mantcaland,
de Joshua Dhube, that the Gov-

3400/1715

ernment would not sign anv
agreement to encourage foreign
investment in’ Zimbabwe.

There were enough guarantees
in the. Constitution to protect
private property and there was
no necd to sign special agree-
ments,

“There hag been a high evel
of investment in tho country
since 1980 and various mv'ti-
nationals and national companies:
have established here,” he sald.

These companies had invest-'
ed because the climate was con-
ducive and not becauso there wns
® ppectal code.

Cde Mugabe satd the Govern-
ment was not deliberately restrict-
ing the repatriation of dividends
and profits but was constrained
by forelgn currency shortages,

On the need to increase in-
centives and .posstble reduction in

Jevels of taxation, Cie Mugabe‘

Said the present levels of taxa-
tion should not be considered as
permanent. The Govornment was
constantly reviewing the sltustion
and had just received the report
of the Tax Commission and was
studying it.

On making exports more com-
petitive, Cde Mugabe said com-
panies must produce quality goods
and compete on quality and not
quantity.

48

JPRS*SSA~86«064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE



JPRS*SSA*86~064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CATHOLIC BISHOPS DENOUNCE PROPOSED SECURITY AMENDMENT
MB280924 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0856 GMT 28 May 86

[fext] Pretoria, May 28, SAPA--Every effort had to be made to oppose the
government's new security legislation which would escalate conflict, the
Southern African Bishops Conference [SACBC] said today.

A statement from the SACBC said: "To those in touch with the situation in
South Africa it is clear that a momentous change has taken place since
September 1984,

"Such significant numbers of black people have been caught up in the great
_ liberation wave that nothing can quell it.

"The government has two choices: to go along with it in negotiating a
settlement or to oppose it and by so doing ensure that the confrontation
becomes worse. The government seems set on the second course."

The government dealt in reform that did not touch the major pillars of apar-
theid but ‘seemed determined to contain the threat to these, the SACBC said.

"The public safety amendment bill and the addition of section 50 (a) to the
Internal Security Act must be seen in this light."

"The former enables the minister of law and order to suspend what is left
of the rule of law in unrest areas and permit unlimited detention.

"The latter gives police officers of or above the rank of lieutenant
colonel the power to impose detention for 180 days. The courts cannot inter-
fere.

"These prescriptions are not likely to’ quell the liberation wave. They are
far more likely to provoke greater vigour and determination on the part of
those involved in it. Steps towards total war on one side will be met by
comparable steps on the other.

"Very effort must be made to oppose the new legislation and get the government
to come to an understanding of the situation." the statement concluded.

/8918
cso: 3400/1840

77



MINISTERS VISIT OPERATIONAL AREA, TALK WITH MILITARY,

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 13 May 86

[Text]

/8309
CSO:

THE CIVILIAN population in the Operational Area basi-
cally accepted that the presence of Security Forces there
was in their own interest, according to three Cabinet

ministers.

The three ministers, Mr
Moses Katjiuongua, Mr An-
dreas Shipanga and Mr An-
drew Matjila reported to the
media yesterday on a brief visit
to the north last Saturday.

Chairman of the Cabinet,
Mr Fanuel Kozonguizi, ex-
plained that the visit was part
of a programme of acquaint-
ing Cabinet ministers with the
working conditions of mem-
bers of the police and armed
forces operating throughout
the country, “and particularly
in the Operational Area”

“The three ministers also
met and had informal talks

with prominent. members of*

the community in Ondangwa?’
he said.

They also visited the SWA
Police Counter Insurgency

3400/1716

Unit camp which was attacked
during a cross-border raid last
week.

Asked if the local people had
any complaints about the secu-
tity forces, Mr Matjila said
there had been isolated inci-
dents “which have created mis-
understanding between the
security forces and the public
in general”.

But, he said, the presence of
the security forces as a protec-
tive force was being accepted.

This view was underlined by
both Mr Shipanga and Mr Kat-
jiuongua.

Mr Shipanga said that in a
wat situation it was not a mat-
ter of whether you liked some-
body or not: “it is a matter
of...who can guarantee a meas-
ure of security”.

10

JPRS*SSA=86*064

19 June 1986

NAMIBIA

PEOPLE
p 3

Mr Kozonguizi said infor-
mal addresses and talks with
officers had been held and
problems experienced by the
men in their work would be
taken up at Cabinet level.

Some important aspects
they had dealt with included
the aims and objectives of the
Transitional Government; the
role that should be played by
the security forces in their rela~
tions with the civilian popula-
tion; and, the general role of
security forces in any country
against any form of ag-
gression.

He said the ministers: had
been impressed by the overall
attitude of the men and their
officers.

Mr Kozonguizi said more
frequent visits to the area “to
address the masses” were very
important and a recommenda-
tion to this effect would be
made to the Cabinet.


SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PRIVATE SECTOR DISCUSSED

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 May 86 p 8

[Editorial:

[Text]

_ lilies of private enterp:

"Overcoming Past"]

THE social responsibility of the private sector has become an
increasingly importany theme in independent Zimbabwe, particu-
Jarly in the field of undoing past socio-economic injustices.

As is to be expected, the Government, with its socialis, ob-
jectives, and the private sector, with its capitalist or entrépre-
nevrial drive, ‘have not always seeri-eye to eye on this issue and
the private seclor has often been accused of dragging its feet in
areag auch as the promotion of black Zimbabweans and the pro-
vision of housing benefits to employees.

Bat perhaps the major area of dlisagreement between the two
has been the controls — price, wage, Jabour regulations —
that the Government hag maintained as part of its programme to
spread the benefits of Zimbabwe's wealth more evenly and fairly
in the socio-economic transformation of the economy. .

There ean be no getting away from the fact that before
indcpenderee, this was an area in which the ordinary Zimbabwean
was the most vulnerable — he wag paid low wages, could be fired
at the slightest whim of his employer and had to pay whatever
prices businessmen believed were necessary to ensure “reasonableTM

profits, .
But what was seen as reasonable under UDI ig not reasonable

JPRS*SSA~86~064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

in socialist Zimbabwe, This was made very clear this week by the.

Prime Minister, Cde Mugahe, when he opened the Zimbabwe Na-
tonal Chamber of Commerce congress in Mutares

Obviously anticipating a barrage of complaints from delegates
about wage and price contrals, he stressed the social responsili-
in the Zimbabwe of today and expressed
concern about the faet that some businesamen were flouting wage
and service conditions regulations to exploit their workers.

152



BLACKS

Canadian Grant To Benefit Rural Areas
(THE HERALD, 15 May 86) ..ceececeeneee

Statistics on Economy, Trade Issued
(THE HERALD, 15 May°86) ...ceeecccccucsvcccccececcesee

Trade With India Reviewed as Gandhi Visits
(THE BUSINESS HERALD, 15 May 86) ....cecccccecccccccccccce

Social Responsibility of Private Sector Discussed
(Editorial; THE HERALD, 16 May 86) ....ccccececvccecevevce

Stock Rustling Continues ‘to Pose Serious Problem
(Tendayi Nyakunu; THE SUNDAY MAIL, 11 May 86) .....eeseeee

Crop Estimates Revised Upward for Maize, Cotton
(THE HERALD, 12, 16 May 86) ..ccccecccscceeccevcceeceeescs

Statistical Office Forecast
Earlier Report, by Funny Mushava

Briefs
Bandit Shot
GDR Gift to ZIANA
Television Set Ownership
Fruit, Vegetables Producers Association

SOUTH AFRICA

Buthelezi Says Country May Be Near ‘Breakthrough!
(SAPA, 29 May 86) .eececcsesseecerenecees

Reportage on Reaction to Crossroads Upheaval
(SAPA, 24 May 86) ...vcccecscvcvcccncccecctccereceseusenee

Community Groups Condemn Violence
Crossroads Homeless Problem Discussed

Ciskei College Closed 'Indefinitely' After Raid
(SAPA, 25 May 86) ..cccsccecccceccecsececctceececcecescecs

Survey Finds Distress, Anger Over Black-on-Black Unrest
(SAPA, 27 May 86) ..ccccsesceceeceeeeeccecccenseececeseees

UCASA Reacts to National Council Announcement
(SAPA, 27 May 86) ..eceeccecccccccuccvcevceceeceecececcges

49

50

51

52

54

64

66

68



JPRS*SSA*86*064
19 June 1986 ©

SOUTH AFRICA

UDF CONDEMNS PROPOSED INTERNAL SECURITY ACT AMENDMENT
MB230555 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2059 GMT 22 May 86

{Text] Johannesburg, May 22, SAPA--The proposed bill amending section 50 of
the Internal Security Act was "nothing else but the re-introduction of the
notorious section six of the terrorism act in another form," the United
Democratic Front [UDF] said in a statement today.

The UDF was reacting to the tabling in parliament today of a bill to extend
police powers of detention on a temporary basis in case of increased unrest.

The proposed section provides that a police officer above the rank of
lieutenant-colonel, being of the opinion "that the further detention of that
person will contribute to the termination, combating or prevention of public
disturbance, disorder, riot of public violence" may, after the initial period
of 48 hours of detention, extend the period of 180 days without trial.

The UDF said in its statement: "This, and the other so-called Le Grange
bills, is nothing more than a transparent attempt by the government to
create legal space for intensive state repression just before June 16.

“The government hopes to circumvent the recent court rulings on section 28
detentions and that. on restrictions imposed on activists. The government
is now carrying on like a raging bull.

"All that it will succeed in doing is to accelerate its own demise. It is
time for all those with some sanity left to stand up and challenge this
impending draconian measure."

/8918
CSO:- 3400/1841

69



He warned that he would
ask the police to move and.
restore order if vigilantes
failed to carry out the task
by today.

During a brief inspection
of the market, the governor
found nearly all stalls and
kiosks empty and over-
grown with grass. .

Five women who were
selling tomatoes’ and other
vegetables complained of
loss of business since their
friends deserted the market
and customers followed
them to the sewage line.

/8309
cso: 3400/1814

24



In addition black organizations will be placed in the embarrassing position
of seeing the police step in to stop members of liberation groups from
killing each other.

People will be arrested and this will lead to organizations being discredit-
ed.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1841

67



"It will be almost totally shunned, however, if the state president does not
listen to credible black leaders and makes it impossible for them to enter
the council."

Chief Buthelezi expressed deep concern over clauses up for discussion and
comment in the national council bill which, he said, gave the state president

total power over who was appointed to or removed from it.
This was a grave, possibly fatal defect, he said.

The stated objective of the council was the most articulate and, until now,
the boldest declaration by Mr Botha that he intended backing his earlier
statement that apartheid was now outdated.

The question was not whether Mr Botha was sincere about this but whether he
was "politically man enough" to pursue it to its logical conclusion.

"Is he politician enough to deal with his rightwing detractors?" he asked.

"Is he statesmanlike enough to risk as much on his side as he expects blacks
to risk on their side, were they to participate?"

It was here that Western European and North American governments had a vital
role to play.

Should blacks and whites decide to meet for negotiations in the national
council, they would require a great deal of backing from the Western
industrialised world, Chief Buthelezi said.

/8918
CsO: 3400/1841

60



JPRS«SSA+86*064

19 June 1986

BABANGIDA ANNOUNCES WHEAT IMPORTATION BAN FOR 1987

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 8 May 86 p 1,

[Article by Nkem Agetua and Andrew Isibor]

[Text]

FEDERAL Government has banned the im-
portation of wheat into the country with ef-
fect from next year.

The President, Major-General Ibrahim Babangida,

announced this while commissioning the 59 million
Naira Bendel Seed and Flour Mill Limited, Ewu in
Qkpeho Local Government area of Bendel State
yesterday.
_ President Babangida said the ban on the importation
of wheat was in pursuit of the implementation of the
programme of local raw material utilization of the pre-
sent administration.

He advised flour millers in the country to start adjust-
ment to their machinery and procurement organisations
as a means of gearing up for milling locally produced
grains into flour for the bakery and confectionery in-
dustry. . .

He assured that the Federal Government would appreciate
whatever efforts were made by state governments and
private individuals to associate with his administration’s
determination to feed the nation better and more cheaply.

President Babangida predicted a good harvest this year
and called on agro-industrial complexes in the country with

grain treatment and processing facilities to use up this
harvest . to the benefit of the people, rather than allow them

/12828

CSO: 3400/1835

17

3

to waste.

He repeated that the provision
of ge quality and cheap food
was a top priority of the present
administration and pledged sup-
port of the Federal Government
for ‘agro-industrial projects
which led largely on local
raw materia's as inputs and
which could proauce for expy. ts,
thereby solving our foreign ex-
change problems.

In his address, the state Gover-
nor, Colonel John Inienger, said
the state government would geta
farm service organisation to sup-
port and encourage the local
farmers to increase their produc-
tion of local raw materials.

He called on all Nigerians to
strive to recapture the
security which agriculture of-
fered this nation many years ago.

Spéaking earlier, the state
Commissioner for Agriculture
Michael Kubeyinje, had appeaied

ichael yinje, had ay
to the Federal Government to ap-

ve additional import ‘licence

r the Bendel and Flour
Nill to enable it function at full

capacity.
said the import licence
already approved for the mill for
this year was inadequate as it
could only carry it for 4 months.
Our correspondent reported
that the President was accorded
a warm reception on arrival at
the Benin Airport by the people of
the state led by the Governor Col-
mel Inienger and the Oba of
Benin, Omo N’oba Erediauwa.

lory and

NIGERIA



STATE LAYS OFF 5,000 WORKERS IN 'SPEEDY MANNER’

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 11 May 86 p 1

[Text]

/8309
CSO:

THE Government has laid off 5,000 daily work-
ers as part of the long. awaited reduction in

public expenditure.

Minister of State for the
Civil Service Mr John
Mwondela and the Natio-
nal Union of Public Ser-
vice Workers (NUPSW),
which represents daily
paid employees, confirm-
ed the redundancies in
Lusaka yesterday.

Mr Mwondela hinted that
the redundancies would
soon spread to the civil
service. NUPSW chair-
man Mr William Chipa-
sha said more than 5,000
of his 82,000 plus mem-
bers were affected by the
exercise.

But Mr Chipasha indicated
that his union would
make strong representa-

tions to the Government ©

+ because the ‘‘retired’’
workers were not being
given enough time to
wind up their affairs.

The retiring employees are
being given a month's
notice instead of the
stipulated three months.

Mr Mwondela would not
indicate the exact num-
ber of daily paid workers
to be laid off. But he said
permanent secretaries in
various ministries . had
been given certain per-
centages of workers to be
pruned.

3400/1814

Mr Chipasha said reports
from the union’s regional
offices in Eastern, North-
ern, Southern and North-
Western provinces indi-
cated that more than 500
workers had already re-
ceived notices of their
termination of employ-
ment.

It was estimated that more
than 5,000 daily paid
workers in the ministries
of Education, Health and
other Government de-
partments would be
affected by the exercise.

He described as ‘‘discrimi-
nation’”’ the speedy man-
ner in which the Govern-
ment had gone about
pruning daily paid work-
ers and not top civil ser-
vants.

“Such actions can be used
as propaganda against
the Party and its Govern-
ment. UNIP which pro-
mised employment is
now doing the opposite,”’
Mr Chipasha charged.

But Mr Mwondela said the
pruning of civil servants
would shortly be under-
taken after approval by
Parliament to reduce the
retirement age for: such
category of workers.

34

JPRS«SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA



STOCK RUSTLING CONTINUES TO POSE SERTOUS PROBLEM

Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL-in English 11 May .86 p 1

[Article by Tendayi Nyakunu]

[Text]

/8309
cso:

: ZIMBABWE'S — ranchers
have lost more than 1 000
head of cattle worth
about S{nv to rustlers
sinco January thig ‘year.

In g telephone interview
with The Sunday Mail icst
week, on executive men-
ver of the Zimbabwe Cat-
tle Producers’ Association,
Matabelolund Branch, Mr
David Tredgold, said that

atock theft wag still pre. .

, valent country-wide.
“It is definitely conti-
‘nuing at « high level with
an Increasing number of
antmalg being lost. to
stock thieves throughout
the country, In Matabele-
land, the ficidenty are
compounded by the secut-
vity situation, but overall,
the incidents seem to be
increasing, unabated,” he
sald.

Since the beginning of
the year, some 1112 head
of cattle worth $448 000
hod been stolen country-
wide. }'This . represents
nhout 25 percent of the
tots! incidents country-
wide, With the present

3400/1715

econoinic climate,” where
farmerg are trying to re-
build the national herd, It
doosn’'t make the task
attractive at all,” he said.

The reported incidents:
show that there were’ 56)
cases of stock theft since:
January, and out of these;
205 people had heen ar-
rested,

‘Asked how tong the
national herd rebuilding
exerelse would take, hé
sald: “It depends on the
economle climate, if it ts
not viable it wilt take
longer, but other things,
being equal, tt tales about |
n decade to restock. One;
must realise that herd
buliding 13 a slow process,
From a steer to complete
tie whole cycle. takes!
about four years.”

He felt that the high-
level of stock thefts was
further hampering the
progresg in the national
herd rebuilding exercise.

JPRS«SSA~86+064

19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

“It is a very lucrative
business let's face It, Take
gor & example a stecr
worth about $450, If a

» rustler stedls four or five,

‘he stands ‘to make o lot
of money. even. on tlie
black mariet and the 1¢-
sult Jg that It Is often re-
peated.”

He felt that the incl-
dents would be reduced
considerably $f the courts
passed stiffer deterrent
sentences for stock thiev-
Ing, “The present sen-
tences make cattle rtist-
ling. attractive to the
culprits and with a poten-
tlal market and the low
reebvery rate, they are
‘eneouriged to continue.”



IJPRS*SSA~86~064
19 June 1986

SOMALIA

BRIEFS

NEW ROAD FOR PORT--The construction of a road 450 kilometres long linking
northwest Somalia to the port of Boosaaso will be started next July by a
number of Italian civil engineering firms, including Lodigiani and Astaldi.
The port, situated less than 200 kilometres from Cape Guardafui, will be
equipped with a ro-ro terminal able to handle up to three 6,000 tonne container
ships and a number of trawlers. The project is being funded by Italy under
the 400 million lire aid agreement signed in Mogadishu last March 23.

Apart from their economic importance in opening up the whole Bari region
and providing an outlet for the livestock industry (up to now cattle can
only be embarked at the port of Berbera), these new facilities have an
evident strategic interest which must be welcome to the United States,
already using Berbera, as Sudan seems determined to bring more balance to
its international relations and the Soviet Union is building up its presence
in Ethiopia. Cape Guardafui, the tip of the Horn of Africa, controls the
entrance to the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. [Text][Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN
NEWSLETTER in English 10 May 86 p 5]/12828

CsO: 3400/1819

20



support that it has from the general public, white, black and other popula—
tion groups outside. But the second point that needs to b= made is that

this council will be very strategically placed in the sense that it will no’
really be an extension of the executive, but one can argue that it would
augment the executive since it will operate under the chairmanship of the
chairman of the executive, who is the state president, and in that sense it
will assume, or could assume, a very important powerful role in the kind of
decisions or recommendations made to government in this particular respect.
It will also offer the state president one of the first opportunities,
institutionalized opportunities, to get involved on a one-to-one basis with
people who share different political views from those of his own, and in that
sense it is indeed a departure from previous structures that were available
to people in South Africa as far as negotiations are concerned. And then,
the last point that I would like to make is that one should probably at this
stage not so much focus on the details of the bill and on potential problems
that may arise from this bill, it is or it could be seen as the starting of
a new process aimed at opening up negotiations and also providing for the
participation of representatives from people from all groups in South Africa,
and in that sense looking at it from a process point of view--that is, opening
up new initiatives--this could indeed be a real Rubicon, I may add.

[Bishop] Mr Rammala, you made a point about trust. Doesn't this document,
perhaps, extend the hand not only of friendship but of open-handedness, of
trust itself?

[Rammala] I have no doubt that it is indeed a very significant move in terms
of the political situation in South Africa. My concern, of course, is whether
it is structured in a manner than it can succeed. If one, for example, looks
at the proposed representation on the council, it provides for the repre-
sentation of representatives of the homelands, then it provides for certain
groups, political groups I believe and interest groups in the black community
to nominate people, but the state president retains the final say in as far as
the actual people who are going to serve on the council are concerned. And I
can, therefore, not agree with Professor Breytenbach that the state presi-
dent will have an opportunity to discuss with people that differ from him
because if the council is going to be dominated as it appears likely by
people nominated by himself, then he is not going to perhaps. be speaking to
the right people. He might still be speaking to people who at any rate

agree with him. One realizes, of course, that at this stage the proposals

in the bill are still very tentative and that it will be subject to public
discussion and that people can make recommendations but this point will have
to be borne in mind because, I think, in the final analysis the success of
the bill is going to depend on who is going to sit on the council.

[Bishop] Yes. What about the situation where people, whatever they are
offered, keep saying the sort of things that you are saying. You see the
point I am making? When do we reach the point when you actually have both
sides, if you like, government and the people--they say let's take this as
an act of faith, no violence, let's get round the table, see?

87



MASHONALAND 5-YEAR PLAN DETAILS ISSUED

JPRS*SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

Harare THE HERALD in English 12 May 86 p 5

{Text ]

Herald Reporter
‘VHE Moshonaland Central Provincial
Council unvelled its draft five-year
provincial development plan that places
more emphasis on production as op-
posed to consumption-oriented develop-
ment. :

In the plan which was prepared by :
the proviticial development committee ;
and presented to the Government at a ;

special ceremony in Bindura at the
ekend, the council argues that pro-
duction-orlented development brought
sel{-aufticlency among the people.

The plan further aims to achieve
st more balanced’ allocation of funds
Wetween the production- and consump-
Mon-oriented sectors in the province,

Development projects are funded by
the public sector, local authorities,
foreign donors and non-governmental
organisations,

"the province's fina] development plan
would be completed at the end of June
und would include annual development
plans for the province for the period
1986-1990, 7

‘The present plan highlights develo,
ment in the fields of agriculture,
education, energy, agro-industry, health,
dvansport, community development and
public construction and housing,

In the field of agriculture, the
province hns 70000 farmerg on more
than 2,7 million hectares and the plan
seeks to Inerease crop production,
particularly fh cash crops like cotton,
wheat and soyabeans,

On education, Mashonaland Central
plans to build’ more primary and
secondary schools and correct the
imbalance between the two.

Existing schools in the commercial
forming areas would be encouraged to
register and establish more gchools.

Sixth form schools and a dual
teachers’ training institution would
also he required within that period.

Teachers’ accommodation and class-
room building shall be jointly done by
parents, loca! authorities and the Gov:
ernment.

The District Development Fund, in
conjunction with district councils, shall
embark on borehole drilling and dam
gonstruption to meet the ever-growing
demand.

Rural electrification would be
tlirected to ‘growth points, - service
centres and planned villages.

Where possible, irrigation facilities
would be provided for farmers in. th
new planned villages.

The agro-industrial development for
the province is atmed at attracting
industrialists to set up textile and
manufacturing  tndustries in the
provincial capital, Bindura, where the
biggest cotton ginnery in the country
ts based.

‘The ginnery is expected to be open-
ed by the Prime Minister, Cde Mugabe,
later this month.

According to the provincial Gover-
nor, Senator Joseph Kaparadza, the
establishment of a milling plant in the
province “augurg well in the provision
of raw matertals, market, transport
and employment”.

Under the plan, the promotion of
primary health care remains the corner-
atone in the provision of more rural
‘health centres nearer the people as well
ng for trained medical staff to man the
rural health centres.

Upgrading of existing rural health
centres and hospitals and the exten-
sion of health services ‘to the dis-
advantaged commercial farms remains
paramount.

The plan also calls for more train-

Ing of village health workers.
‘cI the field. of transport and com-
inunications, the plan reveals the necd
to" inaintnin more than 3800 km of
roads in the province and the ‘con-
struction of new feeder. roads to at-
tract transporters to ferry the farmers’
Produce to the market.

‘The plan encourages Matson among
nppropriate organs for the . develop-
ment of a micro-wave system in ‘the
province and also the provision of more
tolephone services,

<a.

i



JPRS*SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

DUUTH AFKLCA

SABC CALLS NATIONAL COUNCIL 'STARTING POINT’
MB270605 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0545. GMT 27 May 86
[Station commentary: "The National Council]

[Text] From official actions and statements regarding the creation of a
National Council it seems clear that there is a serious intent to get down
to the business of constitutional negotiations as soon as possible.

Specific plans regarding the composition and functions of the council have
now been made public. This is to be welcomed; the situation up to now in
which a standing invitation to leaders of all groups to take part in negotia-
tions elicited a great deal of public argument but little action could not

go on indefinitely. The longer the issue of black political participation
at national level remains bogged down in public posturing the better for the
antidemocratic radicals. The whole reform process becomes. increasingly
suspect in the public mind, while violence in the black townships grows
apace. If, as now seems to be the case, the creation of the National Council
is emerging as a reality in the not too distant future, questions about what
it can or cannot achieve have become more pressing.

One thing about which the official statements have been emphatic is that it
will be a genuine negotiating body. Its task will be to formulate constitu-
tional proposals as well as to give consideration to concrete legislation

affecting the black people.

It will be neither a talking shop nor merely a rubber stamp for government
decisions, but a body that will be negotiating crucial aspects of South
Africa's future.

Negotiation implies compromise. Views on Democratic constitutional solutions
for South Africa differ widely even on fundamentals. This is inevitable in
a country with such desparate groups. Obviously achieving a workable level
of consensus among them must involve compromises-~a readiness to give up
that which any particular group regards as ideal in favor of that with which
all are prepared to live.

And that imposes the need for participants to make a distinction between
areas of basic rights, whether individual or group and those areas in which
the rights of others must similarly be accommodated.

82



JPRS~SSA-864967,
June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI SAYS COUNTRY MAY BE NEAR 'BREAKTHROUGH'
MB291604 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1444 GMT 29 May 86

[Text] Rome, May 29, SAPA~-South Africa could be on the point of the big
power-sharing breakthrough the world has’ been waiting for, Chief Mangosuthu
Buthelezi said in’ Rome today.

He told 4 meeting of leading Italian news media representatives and academics
in Rome that the President P.W. Botha's proposed national council had this
potential regardless of whether the African National Congress took part in it.

He said the national council could defuse South Africa's now endemic
violence--but only if it were possible for all black organisations, including
the banned ANC, the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) and others, to join it if
they chose.

The KwaZulu Chief Minister and Inkatha president repeated that he himself
would participate only if the ANC's Nelson Mandela, the PAC's Zeph Mothopeng
and other political prisoners were freed.

Otherwise there would be "yet another political stalemate."

Whether or not the ANC eventually took part in the council would have to be
sorted out between Mandela and Mr Oliver Tambo (president of the ANC).

He said black South Africans regarded Mr Tambo as simply a caretaker presi-
dent and that a released Mandela would assume the leadership.

Chief Buthelezi quoted the gazetted intention of the council as being "to
provide for participation in the planning and preparation of a constitution-
al dispensation which provides for the participation of all South African
citizens in the process of government."

Those were the words that South Africa and the whole world had been waiting
for, he said.

There would be "a massive black South African input" if the national council
actually ended up addressing this objective.

59



Such a spirit of give and take--of live and let live--is unfortunately alien
to a certain political mentality in South Africa. Both extremes in the
political’ spectrum are characterized by their insistence that their every
widh should be met and their hostility to the legitimate demands of others.

Therefore ,it must be clear in advance that the National Council cannot
accommodate everyone. Nor could any other device, no matter how democrati-
cally composed. If any in this country are still under the impression that
such a body can succeed in bringing together every major political interest
group in South Africa, they are going to be disappointed.

There are going to be leaders and political movements that refuse to serve

on the National Council. Some will publish lists of conditions--politice*
actions that must be undertaken in specific matters--before they will consider
serving. In effect they will be trying to usurp the functions of the council,
in negotiating political solutions on those and other matters.

Others will refuse to serve because they have no interest in a democratic
political dispensation and indeed actively oppose any move towards that goal.
They are concerned only with the exclusive exercise of power, whether to
retain it or to fight for its transfer to themselves. And their course is
one of violence.

One way or another, however, South Africans of all political persuasions are
going to have to come to terms with the fact that no one group is going to
succeed in grabbing everything for itself. Along that road lies loss for all.
A viable future will be achieved only through genuine negotiations among the
democratically disposed leaders of this country.

The National Council is the starting point.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1840

83



DISBURSEMENT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS OUTLINED

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 30 Apr 86 p 1

[Text]

/8309
cso:

3400/1815

By Mail Reporter
ONLY about 8.6 per cent

He told Party committee
members and works counc-
lors that the total amount
of foreign exchange disbur-
sed was 108.6 million US
dollars during the first 24

Mr Mumba, however,
admitted that the foreign

28

JPRS~SSA-86~064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA


JPRS+SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

ANALYSIS SEES NO NEW FACES IN RECENT GOVERNMENT RESHUFFLE

London AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL in English 7 May 86 pp 7, 8

[Text] Faced with a worsening war and continued economic
crisis, Frelimo has reshuffled both party and provin-
cial leadership. But there are few new faces. The
old, trusted leadership has merely been rotated into
different jobs. Indeed, the reshuffle seems a reversal
of changes made over the past three years.

The war against the South African-backed MNR
guerrillas has not been going well, especially in the
Zambezi River valley in the centre of the country
where the MNR appears to be receiving extensive
supplies from nearby Malawi. At one stage last
January the MNR controlled the three main towns
on the lower part of the river; they were dislodged
from the largest, Marromeu, only with the help of
Zimbabwean troops.

The biggest problem for the Mozambican army is
its almost complete lack of organisation. Army units
out in the provinces have no logistics back-up of
any description. Supplies of food, money, ammuni-
tion and other vital ingredients for a workable army
are entirely unreliable. Not surprisingly soldiers have
often questioned the point of fighting. Some turn,
perhaps by necessity, to stealing food and clothing
from locals. The MNR cannot be vanquished by
such a motley army.

Zimbabwean troops, who have been deployed in
Mozambique for about four years, first to guard the
Mutare-Beira oil pipeline, then to help the Mozambi-
can army as well, consistently find it difficult to
distinguish between MNR guerrillas and Mozambi-
can government troops. Appalled by the Mozambi-
cans’ disorganisation, some Zimbabwean army
commanders believe helping the Mozambicans is a
waste of time until Frelimo sorts its army out. Last
year the Zimbabweans helped capture the MNR’s
main base at Casa Banana. This February the MNR
took it back’ for a month until the Zimbabweans
again helped its recapture.



HEADMEN WARNED AGAINST SELLING LAND TO SQUATTERS

Harare THE HERALD in English 10 May 86 p 1

[Text]

/8309
cso:

Merald Reporter
SOMB village headmen
and chiefs in some com-
muna] areas are allowing
squatters to acttlo in thelr
oreng, -the ‘Minister of
Locat Government, Rural
and Urban Development,
Cde Enos Chikowore, ssid
yesterday,

Cde Chikowore sald he
was rellably _ informed
that some headmen and
ehlefs were selling land
rights to squatters in
their areas,

Most of the squatters
were from Mozambique
and the problem wor
particularly rite in Me-
shonaland East, he suid at
the inauguration of the
Mashonaland Central Pro.
vinclal Counel) in Bindurn
yesterday, .

The Communal Lands
‘Act vested the power of
allocating land in _com-
munal lands to the Mints-

ter of Local Government, ,

Rural and Urban De-
velopment who in turn
delegated this authority
to district councils. No
chief. or headman had
authority to allocate any
Jand, he sald,

“T therefore warn those
who are defrauding the
publle of land to desist
‘rom the illegal practice
here and now. Those
found doing so shal) mect
the wrath of the law.”

Cde Chikowore emphas-
ised the. importance of vt
village on Wednesday
saying it involved agsign-
ing a fully fenced area
tor crop growing and
where possible with trrt-
gation facilities. .

The Government would
now upgrade all resettle-

3400/1715

ment ereng to enable each
to have access to roads,
schools, clinics, business
eentres, primary | water
schemes, sanitation and
electricity wherever pos-

sible. ah

.“fhis may mean in
aome cases _resettling
these people within that
game area, They too must
ve provided with the
village housing program-

_ mo,"

‘Thereafter the resettle-
mont areas would be wn!-
fled with the adjacent dis-
trict council areas as part
ot that communal area.

He assured tho people
that while this was in-
tended to uplift the qual-
ity of Mfe in rural areas,
at was not intended to

, destroy traditional cul:

ture.
“The objective of any
development _ p! me

is not to destroy the cul-
ture or social fabric or a.

community, but =. to
strengthen and improve

43

JPRS“SSA*86-064
19 June 1986

ZIMBABWE:



JPRS-SSA~86-064
19 June 1986

LIBERIA

UNIVERSITY PRESIDENT DISCUSSES SCHOOL'S FINANCIAL PROBLEMS
AB272121 Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 1710 GMT 27 May 86

[Text] It has been reported in Monrovia that due to the present financial
position of the university, the opening date for 1986 academic activities
at the University of Liberia still remains unknown. According to today's
edition of the DAILY STAR, quoting University of Liberia President

Dr Joseph J. Morris yesterday during an.interview, he said: -It would be
making a mockery of the system were we to open now without addressing our-
selves to the great financial problem facing us.

It can be recalled in Dr Morris's academic '86 review he said, and I quote:
Unless there is a marked improvement in the level of financial support to
the University of Liberia in academic '86, it is likely that tuition will
have to be increased again; unquote.

Dr Morris has meanwhile said that a package has been prepared and presented
to the Government of Liberia for its approval, though he did not say whether
the package includes the possible increase in tuition. Dr Morris further
noted that when the package is approved, the University of Liberia admin-
istration expects about $1 million to cover all salary arrears and logistics.
He said that he and his co-workers were exerting every ounce of energy and
effort to pay salary arrears for the month of February as well as to assess
the university's readiness to start classes, in spite of the financial con-
straints at the university.

/6091
cso: 3400/1827



STATE SCRAPS MAIZE CEILING, PERMITS TRANSPORT INCREASES

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 6 May 86 p 1

[Text]

/8309
CSO:

By Times Reporter -
GOVERNMENT has scrap-"
ped the ceiling on maize
buying by provincial coope-
tative unions and approved
higher rates for transport-
ers to ensure no grain is
wasted during this year's
marketing season,

The State which imposed
the ceiling on unions under
the liberalised —_ maize
marketing system, has
further allowed unions to
borrow from banks more
than Government guaran-
tees depending on their
grain purchases.

This was announced in
Lusaka yesterday by Mini-
ster of Agriculture and
Water Development Gene-
ral Kingsley Chinkuli when.
he revealed _ resolutions
adopted by the national
marketing workshop held in
the capital last week.

Gen Chinkuli. conceded
that the previous arrange-
ment where the State
placed ceilings on maize
purchases by the unions
was faulty and that it was
better to allow them to buy
as much as they could
afford.

Namboard, now the
buyer of the last resort
under the new marketing

arrangements, would pur-°

chase surplus maize from
the four surplus provinces
— Central, Eastern, South-
ern and Northern,

Provincial _ contingency
committees, through dis-
trict committees, have been
urged to supervise the buy-
ing and movement of grain
by all parties involved in
marketing.

3400/1815

‘On the revised rates de-
signed to entice transpor-
ters to haul the crop, Gen
Chinkuli explained that
those operating in provin-
ces with bad roads would
receive more while those
operating in aregs with
good roads would get less.

The minister appealed to
all district councils to seek
help from — non-Govern-
mental organisations in the
grading of roads to facili-
tate the crop haulage exer-
cise.

Government would seek
assistance from the Euro-
pean Economic Community
(FEC) in the grading of
feeder roads leading to ihe
most productive areas.

Money allocated in this
year's budget, though
inadequate, would be spent
on grading priority roads as
quickly as possible.

On inputs, the workshop
decided that those wishing
to buy fertiliser directly
from’ Nitrogen Chemicals
could do so to reduce the
burden shouldered by
Namboard which would re-
main the sole importer of
the commodity.

Transporters would be
required to ferry fertiliser
to the provinces in addition
to moving crops to speed up
delivery of the vital input.

National contingency
planning committee under
the Prime Minister's office
should’ ensure no trans-
porter registered the same
vehicles for more than one

37

JPRS*SSA=86 «064

19 June 1986

ZAMBIA

province as this practice
tended to deprive some
areas of transport, result-
ing in delayed movement of
crops.

To cnsure prompt pay-
ment of farm the Mini-
suy of Finance and Plan-
ning ‘has been asked to
release price differential
and maize handling sub-
sidies in good time.

On maize control, the
workshop" resolved that
Namboard would make the
necessary rules for millers
regarding allocations and
utilisation.

‘Millers flouting those
rules will be subjected to

‘punitive measures includ-

ing the withdrawal of
licences.”*

The stop-order system
would continue to be the
‘major tool for loan recove-
ties from farmers under the
liberalised. marketing
system. Every stop-order
would be subjected to a KS
registration fee but the
maximum charge for every
stop-order would be K100.

To expedite acquisition
and distribution of grain
bags, the Zambia Coopera-
tive Federation (ZCF) and
Namboard' would both
import empty grain bags
with effect from next year.

Large agricultural con-
corns too would be permit-
ted to import empty bags
fu: their use only and not
forresale. .



CENSUS OF UNEMPLOYED BEGINS IN KANO

Kano THE TRIUMPH in English 16 May 86 pp 1,2

[Article by Eric Meya]

[Text] G

/12828
cso:

THE Kano State
jovernment is currently
undertaking a census of
all the unemployed peo-
ple in- the state With a
view to solving the pro-
blem of unemployment.
Disclosing this to
newsmen at the Murtala
Mohanimed ‘Interna-
tional Airport yesterday,
Governor Ahmad Daku
said that the exercise

which began last Oc-

“tober, also included a

census of all farmers in’
the state.

According to him, the
exercise would help the

3400/1835

state government in
determining those of the
‘unemployed that could
be sent to farms and
those who could be given
some other kinds of
employment.

* Governor Daku,
however, said that -the
result of the exercise had
not been submitted by
the appropriate ministry
charged with the respon-
siblity.

The delay, he said,
was understandable in
‘view of the fact that the
exercise was not declared
a special operation but
added that if the delay
continued there might be
the need to make a
public announcement
calling on the
unemployed to go and
register at given centres.

The governor at-
tributed the problem of
massive unemployment:
in the country today

_ largely to our educa-
_ tional system

16

JPRS*SSA*86-064
19 June 1986

NIGERIA


NAVAL CENTRAL LOGISTIC BASE OPENS IN SAPELE,

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 10 May 86 p 9

{Article by Olu Adebayo]

[Text]

/12828
cso:

MINISTER of Defence, Major-
General Domkat Bali has opened
the Navy's first central logistic
base and technical training
school complex at Sapele in
Bendel State. :

Known as the ‘‘NNS
urhisapele,” the base was, con-
verted-from the former commer-
cial port of Sapele built by the
federal government in 1980.
General Bali said on Thursday *
that the port was passed on to the
Navy last year because of the
slump in commercial shipping
and the government’s desire to
ensure that the huge investment’
did not lie wasted.

The base which is located on
the Ethiope River, about a
kilometre outside Sapele town,
has direct access to the Bight of
Benin at Escravos about 150
kilometres away. It also has ac-
cess routes to both the north anc
south of the River Niger.

The base apart from providing
logistic requirements of the com-
plex» also houses the Nigerian
Navy Technical Training Centre
(NNTTC) which caters for all the
technical training of officers and
ratings in the Navy.

Italso houses the Navy
Logistics Training Centre
(NNLTC) for logistic and
secretarial training of officers
and the central depot of the Navy
for the storage of parts for the re-
maining naval establishments in
the country.

3400/1833

.. The base whose conversion was
done by Messrs Dornier Nigeria
Limited — a West German ar-
maments firm will be under the
command of Navy Captain C.W.
Esere.

General Bali pressed the point
to the senior naval officers
sent which included Chief of
Naval Staff, Rear Admiral
Augustus ‘Aikhomu, that the ef-
fectiveness of any naval force
depended on the efficient handl-
ing of its logistic support.

He asked them to therefore en-
sure that “this fine base is used to
advantage in maintaining a higk
statg of operational readiness.”

He also re-emphasised the need
for self-reliance in the armed
forces especially in the area of
technical manpower training.

This, he said, was in conformi-
ty with the Federal Military
Government's policy on the need
for the armed forces to become
self-reliant in maintaining ships
and equipment.

The technical training centres
contain among others, school for
weapons, basic and marine
engineering and a central
workshop.

11

JPRS*SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

NIGERIA



UDF Condemns Proposed Internal Security Act Amendment
(SAPA, 22 May 86) sececcecceccvccecccceccsceccecencecsens

Briefs
Cape Children Return to School
Black Attitudes on Violence
More Land for Kwandebele
Police Harassment Condemned
Homelands on National Council

SOCIOPOLITICAL/OTHER

19987

Eglin Discusses Postapartheid Economy
(SAPA, 22 May 86) .ccevecccvecccccceccccccvcceceressssees

Stellenbosch Academics Criticize ECC Ban
(SAPA, 23 May 86) sceccececcecceccceveccccsscveceeceeeecs

‘PFP Member of Parliament Compares NP, AWB

(SAPA, 23 May 86) .cceseccvccccvcccccccccrccsscrssssceces

Reportage on Catholic Bishops Call for Economic Pressure
(SAPA, 24 May 86) ceeccsccccccrecccccsccecnsrsccseveeeees

Meeting Discusses Statement
Catholics Divided Over Call

Catholic Bishops Denounce Proposed Security Amendment
(SAPA, 28 May 86) .ececcecccecccccrecvcceceerssrececceece

Commentary Views Reaction to Political Fighting
(Johannesburg International Service, 28 May 86) ..

Commentary Stresses Need for Open Political Debate
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 26 May 86) ...

SABC Calls National Council ‘Starting Point!
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 27 May 86) .sceceeeeeeeee

"Network' Program Discusses National Council Bill
(Solly Rammala, et al.; Johannesburg Television Service,

22 May 86) .rcccccccsevccccnccnccnccecsscssencesrescesees

Gavin Relly Discusses Change on 'Network' Program
(Pat Rogers; Johannesburg Television Service, 25 May 86)

All Indian Chatsworth Police Station Praised
(THE DAILY NEWS, 6 May 86) ..

Briefs
Cape Town Students Against Conscription
PFP MP on Freedom of Speech
More Indians in Navy
-e-

72

73

74

75

75

77

78

80

82

84

89

99

100
100
100



JPRS“SSA~86-064
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SURVEY FINDS DISTRESS, ANGER OVER BLACK-ON-BLACK UNREST
MB270950 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0907 GMT 27 May 86

[Text] Johannesburg, May 27, SAPA--According to a snap survey by the
Johannesburg newspaper SOWETAN, the man in the street yesterday appealed
for peace between the warring political groups in the black community.

The appeal comes. in the wake of an alarming increase in violence between the
United Democratic Front (UDF), Azanian People's Organization (AZAPO) and
Inkatha.

More than 10 people have been murdered and thousands of rands damaged caused
to property in recent weeks.

People interviewed during a random survey by the SOWETAN yesterday said they
were distressed and angered by the continuing violence.

Mr Mzwandile Wiso of Kagiso, Krugerscorp, said "whites are laughing at us.
They are even justifying apartheid through what we are doing. Leaders of
different political groups should come together to thrash out the problem."

Miss Bertha Ndlovu of Meadowlands, Soweto, appealed to members of the various
groups to call a truce and work out a solution.

“Perhaps church ministers would help to bring about a lasting peace," she
said.

Mr Nathan Moiloa, a supervisor for a leading clothing store called for an
immediate end to the fighting.

"Many of us are upset at what we witness every day. The time has now arrived
for us to work in unison," he said.

Miss Emmarantia Ndwandwe of Zola, Soweto, said she was shocked when political
differences lead to death. Fears are now that rightwing elements and govern-
ment supporters will take advantage of the situation and also kill leaders in
the black community knowing that rival organizations will be blamed.

66



JPRS*SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

TANZANIA

BRIEFS

ELECTRICITY, FERTILIZER PRICES UP--The Tanzania Fertiliser Company announced
on April 30 that it was raising its retail prices of fertilisers by between
nine and 49 per cent. The general manager of the TFC, J. Goebel, gave no
reason for the increases. A sharp rise was last imposed in 1984 when the
government decided to end subsidies on fertilisers. This increases come a
few weeks after a steep increase of 67 per cent in electricity prices.

Since then there has been general expectation of a flurry of price increases
on all Tanzanian-made products. What is less certain is that the imminent
increases in wages announced by President Ali hassan Mwinyi on May 1 will be
enough to make up for the rise in the cost of living. Two days before the
TFC's increases, the minister for finance, economy and planning, Cleopa
Msuya, had stressed the need for a new prices policy. He said that there
was no longer the abundance of goods which obtained when the current pricing
system was introduced in the 1970's, noting, "People can no longer obtain
their basic needs at the controlled prices". Price controls also had
adverse effects on the performance of local firms, Mr Msuya said, adding
that after the liberalisation of imports "there is need to introduce price
competition in order to enhance efficiency in almost all aspects of our
industries and parastatal trading organisations. The argument is a favourite
one of the International Monetary Fund. [Text][Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN
NEWSPAPER in English 10 May 86 p 6]/12828

WARIOBA PREACHES DISCIPLINE--Tanzania's prime minister and first vice-president,
Joseph Warioba, marked his first six months in office by calling a press
conference for local journalists to give them his views on the current
situation in the country. He said the programme for reducing government
expenditure had not been implemented in a satisfactory manner. In theory
30,000 civil servants and State employees should have been dismissed last

year, but many of them found new jobs in the same departments by means of
nepotism. Mr Warioba said negligence should be punished by disciplinary
measures and not be transfer to another department or retirement. The prime
minister ruled out the possibility of a referendum on Tanzani's negotiations
with the International Monetary Fund, as desired by certain armed forces
commissars who are highly suspicious of the IMF (see ION N 217). Mr Warioba
showed the same concern for a firm hand when he chaired the National Consultative
Economic and Planning Council studying the draft budget. Leaders of national
companies who were unable to enforce discipline should resign, he said. Members
of the council made several important recommendations, including the need to

21



JPRS*SSA~86~064
19 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

PARIS MAINTAINS AID--France will maintain its aid to Mozambique, prime
minister Jacques Chirac himself has told Jacinto Veloso, Maputo's new

minister responsible for overseas co-operation and former architect of the
Nkomati agreement with South Africa. Mr Veloso was assured last week that
Mozambique would not be barred from the soft loans provided by France's Fonds
d'Aide et Cooperation, as the French minister for foreign aid, Michel Aurillac,
said recently (see ION N 227). He also had talks with Jean-Bernard Raimond,
the French foreign minister, on the situation in southern Africa, and at the
finance ministry on the question of Mozambique's arrears of loan repayments.
The upshot is that french economic and financial aid, begun in 1981 with the
arrival in power of President francois Mitterrand, will be maintained at its
present level. Efforts are also being made to interest French investors
further and a working group will meet soon to consider a request from Maputo
for a booster loan from the main French aid fund, the Caisse Centrale de
Cooperation Economique. France, which has just given the green light for the
opening of an office of Angola's rebel UNITA movement in Paris, seems to be
following in Washington's footsteps, giving support for the Mozambican
government and the Angolan insurgents. [Text][Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER
in English 17 May 86 p 2]/12828

cso: 3400/1819



ning system is running only
luxuries are coming in
and we are unable to pro-
tect the local industry.””

The President said that
during his recent visit
to the Netherlands he was
asked whether the reshu-
file he made at the Minis-
try, of Finance and other
financial institutions meant
that Zambia had deviated
from her present measu-
res of restructuring the
economy.

“T am aware that some
of our friends in the West
have become apprehensive
over the recent changes.
The fact that I have made
reshuffles does not mean
that the system will cha-
nge. The changes were
meant to bring in fresh
minds to implement new
decisions in the system
and not that those who
were there earlier had fai-
led,” he explained.

Bank Governor Announces Modification

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 3 May 86 p 1

[Text]

By Times Reporter
THE bidding mechanism at
the weekly foreign  ex-
change auctioning will be
modified to ensure a more
stable and acceptable ex-
change rate level because
the current method is
“mperfect’’.

Bank of Zambia governor
Dr Leonard Chivuno an-
nounced in Lusaka last
night that the central bank,
the Ministry of Finance and
Planning and other Govern-
ment agencies were work-
ing on modifications that
would lead to a more stable
exchange rate.

Addressing the Bankers
Association of Zambia at
Hotel Inter-Continental, Dr
Chivumo said: ‘Our ex-
perience with the (auction-
ing) system so tar is that
the ‘marginal bid pricing
mechanism’ to strike the
rate is somewhat imperfect
as it tends to cause wide
upward fluctuations result-
ing in great instability and
sharp depreciation of the
exchange rate of the
Kwacha.

“This has caused great
concern about the’ suitabi-
lity of this system to correct
the imbalances in the eco-
omy.”

The central bank woul.
continue to pursue a more
active policy stance to stem
down the level of liquidity
in the economy ‘‘which we
are convinced has contri-
buted to the instability and
sharp depreciation of the
Kwacha’.

Dr Chivuno could’ not
divulge the nature of the
modifications because dis-
cussions were still in pro-
gress.

He warned that “stiff
measures”’ would be intro-
duced to stern the importa-
tion of luxuries.

There was no doubt that
the “‘no funds involved’? or
“no questions asked”
system of imports had been
abused.

“Development of our
economy cannot be achiev-
ed through imports of
luxury consumer goods but
the imports and use of
machinery, equipment,
spare parts and raw mate-
rials,

“In broad terms, we
believe that a new tariff
system which will slap
appropriate tariffs on these
consumer goods will be put
in place soon.

26

“This measure will make
these goods expensive and
might be the only way to
discourage their importa-
tion,”

Although the establish-
ment of a tariff commis-
sion had been postponed,
“introduction of interim
and — emergency tariff
measures now is being
actively considered’,

He was convinced that
such tariffs would reduce
luxury goods which were
now flooding most shops.

A suggestion had been
floated on how the holders
of ‘no funds involved"’
licences could he given
guidelines without neces-
sarily subjecting them to.

1 questions



[Rogers] Yes. Do you think the adverse reaction would be exacerbated by the
timing of it; that is, at a time when the Commonwealth Eminent Persons Group
is here in the country?

[Relly] Well, this struck me as pretty extraordinary, particularly as the
high ground we have achieved, as I suggest--part of that is indicated by the
very presence of the Commonwealth Group here...

[Rogers, interrupting] But you say you assume the army and intelligence were
acting on correct information, and a correct assessment of the facts. Would
you be consulted in such a thing at all? I would presume not, but do you
think occupying the very influential position you do in the No 1 corporation
in the country, that perhaps you should be consulted on such things?

[Relly] No. I would not expect to be consulted on any basis in relation to
making attacks on our neighbors, and there is no reason why I should. I would
not be privy to it, and I do not think I would particularly want to be privy
to it. I have to accept the good faith of the security assessment of that.
Where I am able to argue is, to some extent and within the knowledge that a
layman has in these things, whether the pursuance of diplomatic efforts is not
preferable. But I think that strong-arm tactics are part of diplomacy, or so
I am told.

[Rogers] Yes. Well, you mentioned earlier before, I think, that one of the
differences between yourself and Mr Harry Oppenheimer is that in some respects
you might have a newer, more modern outlook. But in a sense, perhaps, looking
today at a situation where politics has so much to do with business, he was
much more of a committed politician than you are, was he not? I mean, he was
a committed party politician, where you come over essentially as a pragmatist.

[Relly] Well, I have never been keen on any particular political party.
But I absolutely accept that they are our system, and I certainly go and
vote for one other of them when the time comes along, when I get the oppor-
tunity, which is not always frequent.

[Rogers] And you do not find that out of step with the action you took
recently in going to talk to the ANC in Lusaka?

[Relly] No. I think that was a businessman's point of view. Here you have
a philosophy which challenges the very existence of our system, and it is
quite important to see what are the basés of that challenge, and that was
really the thrust of it. We wanted to know about the economic philosophy,
and also to get an opportunity to point out the unreality of it.

[Rogers] Well, given the benefit of hindsight and 22-22 [as heard] vision,
was that a good move, do you think, or do you in retrospect regret having
gone to talk to the ANC?

[Relly] Well, you see, this thing is so very difficult. O£ course, it is

easy and conventional to say that the ANC are all revolutionaries, and you
can talk till you are blue in the face and they will never come across. But

95



[Rammala] I think, Mr Bishop, we will only reach that stage when as I have
indicated, there is mutual confidence on both sides. And now you cannot
really blame black people if they become skeptical and suspicious of moves
like these. In certain quarters it will be felt that the government is
coming up with another trick.

[Bishop] Right, we have 1 minute left I have just been told. So let's just
wind it up by asking both of you and starting with you, staying with you
indeed Mr Rammala, is this not a step forward?

[Rammala] I certainly believe so, I have said so, it is certainly very
significant. One would hope that the government will take steps to canvass

the opinions of....

[Bishop, interrupting] Thank you very much, I am going to cut you off--a
quick word from Professor Breytenbach.

[Breytenbach] Well, we still all have an opportunity to make comments on
this bill, that is the general public because this is only published for

comment...

[Bishop, interrupting] A step forward or not, Professor Breytenbach?

[Breytenbach] ...to which all South Africans may contribute as far as new
recommendations are concerned and hopefully all the problems that have been
raised tonight and will still be raised will still be able, I hope so,
accommodate most of the objections raised so far. [sentence as heard]

[Bishop] Thank you very much, gentlemen, thank you for joining us on
"Network" tonight.

/6091
CSO: 3400/1847

88



CONSTITUTIONAL PROPOSALS PROSPECTS, DETAILS DISCUSSED

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK’ ADVERTISER in English 12 May 86 pp

[Article by Jean Sutherland]

[Text]

AS D-DAY for constitutional proposals to replace
AG 8 approaches, sources close to the government to-
day ruled out June 17 as a feasible date for announc-

ing a replacement.

The Select Committee on
National Unity last month ad-
journed to May 13 so that all
parties in the Transitional
Government could work out
their plans and proposals for a
new administrative arrange-
ment for the country.

The committee was charged
with then hammering out a
joint proposal to be presented
to the National Assembly the
weck beginning May 19.

The government said it
hoped to make an announce-
ment on a replacement on its
first anniversary on June 17.

However, the reconvening of
the National Assembly has al-
ready been postponed to May
27.

In addition, early indica-
tions are that parties’
proposals could be widely
divergent, mainly between
those who favour a strong cen-
tral government and those who
want meaningful power on the
second tier.

There are also differences
over the number of districts or
provinces.

“June 17 is out of the ques-
tion?’ a reliable source close to
the government told The Ad-
vertiser today.

He pointed out that
amongst other things, the legal
implications had to be looked
at as far as the Constitutional
Council was concerned, while
there were “some other very
funny snags”.

The most widely publicised
proposals thus far have been
those of the DTA and a six-
province system said to be
favoured by Swapo-D and
Swanu.

The DTA blueprint outlines
a strong central government,
with a largely weak ‘second
tier’ of districts and district
governors, as well as a senate.
The continued existence of
tribal authorities is also
provided for.

The plan provides for 17 dis-
tricts, which includes the divi-
sion of Owambo into three
areas. .

Asked about the potentially
controversial division of

JPRS«,
9 June 1986

NAMIBIA

Owambo, DTA general secre-
tary Johan de Waal said the
area had been split along tribal
lines as well as to try and give
the Owambo people more se-
nators.

“We don’t want to make the
same mistake as the colonial
powers of cutting tribes up)’ he
added.

When asked about the ac-
ceptability of the DTA’s
proposals, Mr De Waal said he
was confident that the popula-
tion would accept them.

But, Swapo-D leader An-
dreas Shipanga confirmed his
pzrty’s proposals were ready.

In the past Swapo-D and
Swanu have been said to favour
a provincial system, also with a
strong central government.

Baster leader Mr Hans Dier-
gaardt said his party would
take a final decision today on
whether it would be submitting
proposals.

He felt decentralisation was
“a very good thing”.

“It’s no use having a central
government that doesn’t have
contact with the people!’ he ad-
ded, underlining he was a firm
believer in the adage that
“power corrupts and absolute
power corrupts absolutely”.

Mr Diergaardt said he had
no problems with AG 8 as long

as the replacement was an im-

SSA~86-064


loosely? And would it be true to say of those multinational corporations
that they owe a great allegiance perhaps to their shareholders and to making
a profit than they do to any particular country?

[Relly] Well, I do not see the Anglo-American Corporation really as a multi-
national. I see it as international, perhaps, in the sense that it carries
out activities or has investments across the world. And I would certainly
see the Anglo-American's continuing basic loyalty and roots as being South
African. But of course, most of the so-called multinationals either operate
in a single product whereby they have direct lines of technology and direct
internal relationships. The Anglo-American does not do this. It may make a
direct investment in a mine in Chile or Peru, and it may or may not send
technical skills to make that thing work better, but it will be run by people
there, not necessarily by South Africans.

[Rogers] And it remains essentially South African, though, in its outlook,
in its loyalties?

[Relly] Oh, absolutely. I mean this is....

[Rogers, interrupting] How about applying that question perhaps not to Anglo-
American, but to some of the other multinationals--and you would be aware, I
think, of the conspiracy theory, that the world is run by these few giants.
What would be your response to that kind of theory?

[Relly] Well, when you get it in its extreme form, it is sort of right-wing
madness for the most part. I do not believe from my observation of the most
powerful of the multinationals--most of whom are American and my observation
of their actions or of their senior executives that they are any part of any
great conspiracy at all--they may directly in relation to their own businesses
want to do things, but as for a conspiracy to defraud the world or turn it
communist or put it under a national-socialist flag or do something else,

I think this is sheer gobbledygook.

[Rogers] I am going to put a question now which has to do really with the
military and with politics, but I think we would all grant today that
politics impacts on economics and business. So, your comment, your reaction,
if you like, to the South African raids into the Frontline States.

[Relly] Very difficult to assess. I think one has got to start from a posi-
tion which I hope is true, that everybody thinks that this type of diplomatic
action is undesirable if it can be avoided and to give credit if credit is
due, one can only assume that the government has made a very careful assess-
ment of the balance of these things, the strong-arm tactic as opposed to the
diplomatic activities. I was disappointed because I had come to the conclu-
sion recently that South Africa had recovered some of the high ground in

its international position, and I think that this was partly due to the

wise and forward-looking statements of the state president and the action
which has been taken by parliament and which it proposed, and the general
philosophy in terms of principle which was being proposed for the future.
These are impressive, and our saner critics overseas have been impressed

by them.

94



JPRS.

i9 Tu SSA~86.0

ne 1986 64

SOUTH AFRICA

ALL INDIAN CHATSWORTH POLICE

STATION PRAISED
Durban THE DAILY NEWS in English 6 May 86 p 17

[Text]

The crime rate in the
Chatsworth area is
|dropping, according
to Major Sharma Ma-
haraj, SAP station
‘commander there.

“We are constantly
patrolling the area and
the very presence of a
police vehicle acts as a
deterrent to would-be
criminals,” he told The
Daily News Crime
Watch.

Last week Crime
Watch went to the
Chatsworth Police Sta-
tion, the only one in the
country manned en-
tirely by Indians, after
a statement in the
House of Delegates by
the Minister of Law
and Order, Mr Louis le
Grange, that Indian po-
licemen were tops.

Mr le. Grange
praised Indian SAP
members and said in
many areas where the
police stations were
imanned predominantly
by Indian policemen,
the crime rate had
dropped significantly.

Major Maharaj’s
task is to maintain law
and order in the grow-
ing township with a
population of about
500000. The Chats-
worth police station
was established more
than 20 years ago in
two small cottages in
Unit 2 —-one used for
uniformed members,
and the other for the
detectives. There was
a staff of about 20,

Today the staff has
been increased tenfold

and the police station
is in the héart of the
township.

“We have to provide
for Chatsworth proper,
Mobeni Heights, Silver-
glen, Kharwastan,
Umblatuzana and Wel-
bedacht. This is a total
of 39 hectares and it is
not an easy task,”
Major Maharaj said.

“However, we do our
best to maintain law
and order.

“Because of the

- large area we have to

cover. our response
time can be anything
from five to 15 mi-
nutes, depending on the
area and the availabli-
lity of vans. We try to
get to the scene as
quickly as possible. If
we have no vehicles
available, we ask the
flying squad or another
police station for help,”
said Major Maharaj.

“I would like to ap-
peal to people who
might witness a crime
please to tell us. They
will find us more help-
ful than they think,”
said Major Maharaj.

Special provision is
also made for single
members of the police
force who live outside
the area. There is a po-
lice barracks at pres-
ent housing about 36
policemen.

/12828

CSO: 3400/1822

99



JPRS*SSA*86+064
19 June 1986

Crossroads Homeless Problem Discussed
MB241246 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1244 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] Cape Town, May 24, SAPA-~As the fires of Crossroads died.and the
death toll swelled to 32, the root question of what is to happen to the 20,000
to 30,000 people who have been left homeless remained hopelessly unresolved.

A showdown between the government and the squatters now looms.

The government has made it clear that it holds out only one option for the
refugees: move to Khayelitsha.

This has been the official policy since Khayelitsha was established nearly
2 years ago. But pressure at home and from abroad has prevented the govern-
ment from executing the policy through forced removals.

Almost all the refugees appear adamant in their refusal to move there,
although about 1500 have already done so.

Their objections to Khayelitsha are that it is about 40 km from Cape Town,
it is far from the main transport routes, shops and other facilities, and
site rents, at R20 a month are R14 higher than at Crossroads.

The refugees from the razed Crossroads communities of Nyanga Bush, Portaland
Cement and Nyanga extension now also claim that Khayelitsha is dominated by
the same vigilante elements that unleashed the week's destruction and that
they would remain in fear for their lives and property there.

A group which met Mr Chris Heunis, the minister of constitutional develop-
ment and planning, at parliament this week said their demands were that they
should be allowed to return to rebuild their homes at Crossroads.

They also demanded that the police and army who, they say, sided with the
vigilantes, be withdrawn.

They claimed police actually prevented groups from forming to protect their
shanty homes while the vigilante "witdoeke" [white scarves] set fire to
them unhindered.

The police have formally denied they took sides.

Two further factors emerged which will exacerbate the stand-off between
squatters and officialdom.

More than 10,000 of the homeless were unaccounted for.

"We don't know where they are. They don't come to us," a Western Cape

Development Board official said.

62



JPRS«SSA=86 «064,
19 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

UCASA REACTS TO NATIONAL COUNCIL ANNOUNCEMENT
MB271055 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1039 GMT 27 May 86

[Text] Garankuwa, May 27, SAPA--The national council should not be dominated
by the South African Government or members of the self-governing states, the
deputy president of UCASA [Urban Councils Association of South Africa], Mr
Tom Boya, said today.

Reacting to the announcement on the national council bill made on May 22 by
the minister of constitutional development and planning, Mr Chris Heunis,

Mr Boya said that although the Urban Councils Association of South Africa
(UCASA) welcomed the intentions of the national bill, caution should be ex-
pressed while awaiting the final legislation and "it is important that the
association should point out that the national council should not be dominated
by the South African Government or by members of the self-governing states."

Mr Boya said that distinction between "general" and "own" affairs was seen
by blacks as apartheid under another name and it was "ominous that the minister
had said that the national council would deal with matters affecting blacks."

He said that if the principle of power sharing was accepted, the blacks
should be consulted even on the "manner of the envisaged negotiations be-
fore specific consultations structures are created. Because the actual
situation may be that the majority of blacks is in favour of a national
convention and therefore specific structures may be seen as restrictive."

Mr Boya said in the past structures had been created without consultation
and it should be learned from previous mistakes that those structures should
be negotiated "without prescribing any pre-conditions or non-negotiables."

The credibility of black leaders would. be hindered by the fact that leaders
like Nelson Mandela were still in prison and other organisations were still
banned. "Should such leaders not be included in the negotiation process
there is little hope of the national council succeeding," Mr Boya said.

/8918
cso: 3400/1841

68



SHAGAYA SAYS DECREE ON CIVIL DEFENSE CORPS. EXPECTED

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 17 May 86 p 17

[Text]

/12828

cso:

JE Federal Government

will soon promulgate a
decree to formally establish
and give a wider operational
‘scope to the civil defence
corps to safeguard the
;country from any eventual

eggression.

This hint wes dropped in
‘Lagos at the weekend by the
intemal Affairs Minister, Col.
John Shagaya.

hi. @ keynote address

at the graduation
Ceremony of a batch of 100
officers of the Nigeria
Security and Civil Defence
Corps {NSCDC), at the
University of Lagos, the
minister, who was
represented. by the Federal
.Controlier of Immigration
: Services, Mr. Isaiah N. Gana,
sald although the country
iwas not in a war situation
yet, “there is need for the
‘country to intensify its

3400/1833

external security efforts.””

‘He said the nation required
the services of the corps “to
Protect life and property of
the cotintry’s civilian citizens.

The minister pointed out
that the establishment of
such a militant organisation
in peace times would enable
the country to quickly
mobilise a combatant force
against external and internal
aggressions.

Cot. Shagaya enjoined the

‘graduants, 90 per cent of

whom were university
graduates, not to use their
Position “to terrorise the
public. Apart from the fact
that such an action is against
military ethics, they are acts
of. indtscipline which the
nation does not condone”,
he said.

13

JPRS 854086.
19 June 1986

NIGERIA

064



how do you know that unless you talk to them? And secondly, how do they know
what a real picture of South Africa is, unless people do talk to them from
their opposite points of view? I hold no brief for the ANC, how can I
possibly? But I think they were genuinely surprised to find that there were
a group of South African businessmen who were able to talk to them about the
future of South Africa. I think this in itself was an important revelation
for them. And I do not think this thing can ever do any harm.

[Rogers] Yet it was my impression that you had subsequently expressed the
opinion that perhaps it was a mistake, and that you would not do it again.

[Relly] Well, really only in the context that it seemed to cause such an
awful fuss, that perhaps there were other ways we should have done it. We
should have done it clandestinely. But I am not sorry, I have never been
sorry, that we did have that meeting.

[Rogers] Did you learn anything of value which has changed your view or
perspective in any way?

[Relly] Well, 'the perception that there are, I believe, as the state presi-
dent has said, some of these people are genuine patriots. He calls them
nationalists. (Others, I imagine, are dedicated Marxists, although the latter
was not so evident there, but one knows very well from some of the characters
that these people probably march to the music of a distant drum, I think,
rather than...

[Rogers, interrupting] Well, if we look even at the nationalists, as it
were, as opposed to the communists in the ANC, are not they as well, that is,
the nationalists in the ANC, committed to for instance nationalization of the
mines, nationalization of the banks, and so on?

[Relly] Yes, this is indeed their philosophy, and it goes back to the Free-
dom Charter, which says all those things. But that is out-of-date stuff,
I would have thought.

[Rogers] One recalls that some National Party politicians, before the elec-
tion in 1948, were making noises about, for instance, nationalization of the

mines.

[Relly] Indeed.

[Rogers] So, do you tend on that basis not to take it too seriously?

[Relly] Well, I tend to see it as a sort of tribal rhetoric, so to speak.
And I mean, one must take it seriously, because it is the avowed policy as
it stands. But I think in the modern day any serious adviser, non-Marxist
adviser, of a new governmental structure in this country would certainly
advise against outright extreme socialism. They would simply say this
thing will not work, and so I would be reasonably confident that whatever
comes out of the next 10 years, that while we will have to move to make
accommodation with other points of view and we will have to have other bases

96



JPRS*SSA*86*064
19 June 1986

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

STUDENTS IN KIEV BRIEF AMBASSADOR--Nigerian student leaders in Kiev and Minsk
in the Ukraine Soviet Republic are expected in Moscow anytime from now to :
prief the Nigerian Embassy on the effect of the chernolyl nuclear accident,
the Nigerian Ambassador, Alhaji Isa Modibbo, told the Moscow correspondent

of the News Agency of Nigeria on Thursday. Alhaji Isa said that the students
were expected to give a situation report on the extent of the accident on
their health and their studies. He said that the mission has been in constant
communication with the Nigerian students in the Ukraine since the accident
was reported and that so far none had expressed the desire to be evacuated.
"If any student requests to be evacuated, the mission will take the appropriate
measures," he said, adding that so far no such request had been made. The
correspondent reports that about 130 Nigerian students study in Kiev--the
nearest city to Chernobyl, where the atomic power plant accident took place
on April 26. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 10 May 86 p 13]/12828

STUDENTS TRAIN IN FRANCE--About 700 Nigerians are currently undergoing
training in different fields in France under the Franco-Nigerian technical
co-operation, Mr A. Chapuis, the counsellor for cultural affairs in the
French Embassy said in Lagos Tuesday. In an interview with the News Agency
of Nigeria (NAN), Mr Chapuis said that 750 Nigerians had already benefitted
from the technical assistance programme which started in 1981. The

field covered under the programme, he added, included agriculture, water
resources, natural resources, mechanics and electro-mechanics and basic
science in physics, chemistry and mathematics. He explained that the cultural
scientific and technical relations between the two countries had developed
considerably since 1977, adding that at the moment, there were 1,300
independent Nigerian students studying in various higher institutions of
learning in France. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 8 May 86 p 16]

/12828

18



JPRS«SsAnge. 06.
“064
19 June 1986

MUGABE WARNS OF MEASURES AGAINST WORKERS EXPLOITATION

Harare THE HERALD in English 15 May 86 p 1

[Article by Andrew Rusinga]

[Text]

THE Prime Minister,
Cde Mugabe, warned
yesterday that the Goy-
ernment will take
strong measures
against employers who,
underpay. and over-
work their workers,

Opening the annuai
congress cf the Zimbabwe
National Chamber of
Commerce and Industry
here, the Prime Minister
said the Government
would no longer tolerate
this form of exploitation.

“Exploltation of man
by man is repugnant to
us and faflure to denounce
it or take positive action
against it would be o
highly reprehensible dere-
liction of duty on the part
of the Government,” he
sald.
Tie Government was
concerned by some busi-
nessmen who flouted laws
relating to milvimum
wages and conditions of
service of their employees,

Some employers over-.
worked and underpnid
thelr workers not only in
violation of the labour
laws, “but also in con-
flict with-all norms of
moral decency”, Cde
Mugabe sald

Private cnterprine wat
1 & legacy of the colonia}
| past, he sald, and thé

Government could not
wish it away although it

/8309

cso: 3400/1715

was committed to soctal-
ism, But the private sec-

tor must. have social re-

sponsibilities.

He said" that price
controls were necessary.
to curb profiteering and

the exploitation of the |

masses,

Cde Mugabe said!
price controls were. a
regulatory mechanism

* prices’ did not fluctuat

‘ inordinately in response).

needed to ensure =

to the vagaries of the in-
ternal and externa} eco-
nomic environment,

_ “Price controls. are
considered necessary. to
prevent profiteering and

- exploitation of the mas-

ses by avaricious and
‘unscrupulous entrepre-
neurs whose apparent
motivation in life is the

pursuit of. self-gain and”

personal aggrandisement
ctive of the con-
sequential misery this
causes to the masses,”
he satd.
Price controls acted as
an énflation-control_mea-
sure which ensured that

rices were reagonable to’

the consumer and

the entrepreneur.
Cdo Mugabe said the
Government's price con-
trol policy had been con-

demned for allegedly
being. inflexible, mostly”
47

by those whose applica-
tions for. price increases
hhad_been_tukned down.

“The Government in

fact reviews prices -‘re-»

gularly or when circum-
stanceg warrant it,” he
said,
' Prices were .mormally
reviewed considering fac-
tors ‘such as cost of pro-
duction. and changes in
excise duty and wages,
“When changes in fac-
tors such as these warrant
, 8n Imerease in prices the
Government will not hesi-
tate tb institute such in-
crease. Naturally, the
price 0 reviewed will
take into account the
entrepreneurs need for
profit and the ability of
the consumer to pay.”
Turning to the theme
of the congress — Rural

. growth through business

relopment — Cde Mu-
gabe said the Government
‘was committed to de-
centralising economic
activities and was offering
incentives to investors
setting up businesses in
growth points and other
peripheral -areas.

He said the provision
of sccial facilities such as
schools, clinics and com-
munications.in, the rural

:@reas neede@ to be com-

plemented by an effi-

_ Clent commercial sector,

The business commu-
nity must export more to
earn foreign exchange and
the Government would
help those seeking export
markets within SADCC

PTA sul 8, he
added, region



process in South Africa or are they not? And the best-laid plans of mice and
men, looked at from a Marxist point of view, absolutely tell us that they are
not capable of creating wealth. So I don't think our black people or those in
the country who have Marxist and communist ideas are so darned silly in the
last resort that they can imagine that the country if it is going to proceed
and progress and develop can do without the thrust of what I like to call

free enterprise rather than capitalism.

[Rogers] Would you, in fact, see the black perception of business then as
rather different from what I have spelled out? Would you see them as
accepting it or identifying with it and being pointed in that direction if
and when they get to share power and so on rather than committed to differ-
ent systems whether socialism or communism?

[Relly] Well I think the philosophical position at the moment of the extreme
groups seeking radical change in the country is certainly totally hostile to
the position of the Anglo-American in their form of philosophy or people like
the Anglo-American, but as I say in the last resort if on the one hand you
believe in a free, just, wealthy, and developing country. you are certainly
open to a charge of hypocrisy if you think you can achieve this through
Marxist policy.

[Rogers] Yes, and indeed we point to examples in Africa, you know, where
Marxist policies have failed, but can we on the other hand point to South
Africa as a success story where capitalism has worked so far as the black

man is concerned?

[Relly] No, and I think that, I mean it has worked in the sense that it has
created a much greater per capita wealth in this country than anywhere else
in Africa. I mean it is $2,400 per head compared with $11,000 per head or
something in America, but this is very high in African terms. So it has
worked in for what it is worth, average terms. But I don't...[changes
thought] I think you have got to sort of count around the world and see those
countries which have been failures and those countries which have been suc-
cesses, and certainly among the successes are those with at worst mixed
economies, but at best pretty free-ranging, free enterprise economies.

[Rogers] Well, could I just put it to you from the black man's point of
view, perhaps, that big business has been very late to wake up to the fact
that free enterprise, capitalism--call it what you like--is incompatible
with apartheid and it is only very recently when they see themselves being
threatened, perhaps, that they appear to have woken up to to that and to be
trying to do something about it getting across the free enterprise message.

[Relly] Well, maybe the latter part of what you say is right, but just
suddenly waking up, I think is not true. Many of us and of course my
predecessor, Harry Oppenheimer, for the last 25 years or 30 years has been
saying loudly and clearly that apartheid is the ultimate enemy of economic
growth in South Africa and so this isn't an original thought. In relation
to whether we present ourselves the right way and whether we haven't become
more alarmed recently by the rush of events perhaps this is true, but many

92



UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WARNED AGAINST CLASS DISRUPTIONS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 86 p 1

[Text]

18309
cso:

By Times Reporter

THE University of Zambia
will take stern action
against any student trying
to disrupt classes, acting
registrar, Mr Wisdom
Bowa, warned yesterday.

Mr Bowa’s warning comes
in the wake of a threat
by the — university’s
student union to organise
a class boycott next week
to back up demands for
an ambulance for the
university clinic and a
vehicle for the dean of
students department.

The boycott, planned for
Thursday, fell through
when students ignored
the circular from Unzasu
executive, urging them
not to go for their classes
until the administration
acted on its demands.

A member of the union
.executive who asked not
to be named said the
matter had been discuss-
ed further and a decision
had been reached to boy-
cott classes either from
Monday or Tuesday next
week. “Everybody is in
very bad mood here,”
he said.

But, in a circular to
Unzasu executive, dated
May 7 Mr Bowa urged
all students to go for
classes as usual ‘as
there is no reason for
grievance’.

3400/1816

‘Anybody who obstructs
or intimidates any
student from attending
classes or disrupts classes
in any way can expect
to be dealt © with
severely."”

Mr Bowa wondered. why
the student body was
agitating for a class boy-
cott over matters it had
not discussed with the
administration . :

“I must add that the ad-
ministration has had no
discussion whatsoever
with you on either the
ambulance or transport
for the dean of  stud-
ents.”” :

He reminded the student
union that the adminis-
tration had instructed the
bursar on March 18 to.
place orders for five vehi=
“cles — one 26 seater bus
for use on field trips
for small groups -of stu-
dents, one Nissan Urvan
ambulance, one. small
mail vehicle and two
Dick-ups for the

maintenance depart: .

ment.

The order tor the
ambulance was scheduled
to be placed during the
first week of June and
delivery expected before
the end of July, depend-
ing on manufacturing
schedules.

30

JPRS*SSA~86-064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA


COMMUNAL CLASH IN PLATEAU STATE LEAVES 10 DEAD

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 10 May 86 p 1

[Article by Mike Reis]

[Text]

/12828

CALM has returned to the
troubled area of Umaishi, in
Nassarawa Local Govern-
ment area of Plateau State
after a violent clash on
Wednesday which left eight
dead and property worth
thousands of Naira in ruins.

The clash followed a dispute
between the people of Egbira
‘and Bassa in the area over the
chieftaincy stool of Umaishi.
Houses, motorcycles and a
filling station were set on fire
during the clash.

The New Nigerian learnt

‘that the clash was brought
-under control by the anti-riot

policemen dispatched to the
area on Thursday.

Sources said the clash was
over the choice of the new

CSO: 3400/1834

chief for Umaishi who was to
be installed as the second-
class chief of the area yester-
day.

The state Governor, Colonel
Mohammed Chris Ali, drove
to the troubled area on Thurs-
day shortly on: arrival from
Kaduna where he attended the
meeting of the 10 northern
states governors. .

As at yesterday evening, the
governor was yet to return to
Jos but a peaceful agreement
was reached over the issue
following the governor’s in-
tervention.

It was reliably gathered that
the installation ceremony pro-
ceeded yesterday as planned’

-but under heavy security.

The state Police Public
Relations Officer, DSP Smart
Irabor, confirmed that peace
had been restored to the
troubled area.

14

JPRS*SSA*86+064
19 June 1986

NIGERIA



JPRS“SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

FRUIT, VEGETABLES PRODUCERS ASSOCIATION--A group of the country's top commercial
fruit, vegetable and flower growers have formed the Horticultural Producers'
Association with Mr Nick Meads as its chairman. The move has been widely
considered as long overdue and it comes at a time when horticultural products
in the country are in demand in other countries, and if the opportunities are
not grasped now, potential importers could look elsewhere for supply. The
committee feels that the HPA will bring unity to the industry and it is expected
to be instrumental in the development of Zimbabwe as a major exporter of a
variety of horticultural products. Also as a result of recent political
development in Southern Africa, inquiries for horticultural produce in general
are beginning to pour in the country mainly from the EEC and Nordic countries.
Apart from inquiries, for produce, numerous aid agencies are known to hold funds
specifically to assist the horticultural industry. Until now this had remained
under-utilised because growers had acted as individuals.. The president of the
Commercial Farmers' Union, Mr John Laurie, welcomed the move and hoped that

the HPA would provide machinery for dealing with the main problems faced by
horticulturalists as individials such as inputs and transport. Produce in
demand has been dried and cut flowers, foliage plants, sweetcorn, strawberries,
apples, citrus, avocado pears, granadillas, other exotic fruit and selected
vegetables. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 16 May 86 p 5] /8309

cso: 3400/1715

58



IJPRS*SSA*86~064
19 June 1986

GHANA

a

OAU STAFF, OTHERS OPPOSE CLOSING OF ACCRA OFFICE
AB221922 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 22 May 86

[Text] No definite instructions have been received in Accra from the OAU
head office in Addis Ababa whether its office in Accra is to be closed
down or not. When a GBC [Ghana Broadcasting Corporation] correspondent
visited the office today, the staff were still at post. The director of
the African and OAU bureau, Mr Jack Wilmot, said-the implications of the
decision to close down the Accra regional office have been made known to
the secretary general, Mr Ide Oumarou. He said the decision, if carried
out, would be regrettable but he hoped it would be reserved. .

The decision to close down the Accra, Kampala, and Banugi offices of the
OAU came up at the 43d session of the OAU ministerial council meeting as
part of Secretary General Ide Oumarou's revitalization and streamlining
program for the organization. The revitalization also included staff cut
and redeployment.

Reactions have come from many quarters against the closure of the Accra
office in particular. The Organization of African Trade Union Unity has

said the closure of the offices in the home of Dr Kwame Nkrumah, the founding
father of the organization, will please the imperialists. Ghana's delegation
to the ministerial meeting led by the secretary for foreign affairs, Dr Obed
Asamoah, stated the country's position against the decision in clear terms.
The Accra regional office is charged with coordinating the food needs of

the continent and advising African governments on food and nutrition. Some
observers had said the office is also operated in conjunction with the

Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization and

its closure at a time when Africa's emphasis is on food is ill-advised.

/8918
CSO: 3400/1826



[Rogers] Now you, I think, are ex-Bishops College and ex-Oxford University
and that in the public mind I think, at least by which I mean my mind,
typifies to a certain extent the man earmarked in Anglo-American for the
top. Would that be correct?

[Relly] Well, I think it's tended to be that way, the people have tended
to feed on themselves in historic terms like that, and it is true that many
of us started as Harry Oppenheimer himself, who had that sort of background,
but it is by no means the type of background which is necessarily sensible
or desirable for the future. And I think we have to move very much forward
and making sure that we aren't an exclusive lot but we have come to repre-
sent the population generally.

[Rogers] Yes, do you see the possibility then--do you have perhaps any
individual in mind who might emerge as a rough diamond out of character
from what we have seen from Anglo-American before to head the organization?

[Relly] Will it is a difficult time to talk about heading it because who-
ever that rough diamond is, he is sort of lurking in the shadows somewhere
down the line at the moment. I shall not be chairman of the Anglo-American
forever, and I am perfectly certain I shall be succeeded by Julian Ogilvie
Thompson and after that the thing is a bit more open.

[Rogers] [Question indistinct]

{Relly] Well I think when the time comes Nicky and Julian and the others who
are around must make that decision. I haven't identified him yet, but maybe
that Nicky will become chairman if that is what he wants to.

[Rogers] Right. Now, most organizations, I think, have a definable culture,
a corporate culture, if you like, particular characteristics, and so on. How
would you define Anglo-American's?

{Relly]| Well, I think it is collegiate in a sense. I think we like to deal
with people with whom we can talk the same language and so to that extent the
culture perhaps feeds on itself. But I think that because we recognize it to
be rather in-house, we have to be very careful and we take very good care to
talk to a wide range of people who aren't necessarily involved in the Anglo-
American. I hope we keep ourselves reasonably free-minded on that basis.

[Rogers] Do you see anything in your culture which poses, perhaps, some
public relations problems, some image problems?

[Relly] Yes, I do. I think we sometimes look exclusive. We may look a bit
ivory-towerish. We certainly, according to certain critics in the country,
look too big. But these are issues which if we are really trying to puild and
create things, one simply has to face, and bigness is not in itself a bad

quality.

[Rogers] Now you might respond, perhaps, that the best tend to become the
biggest, but on the other hand is it a healthy situation when we have, as I

90



JPRS*SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA

KAUNDA DISCUSSES MINING, PROMISES FUEL PRICE REVIEW
Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 28 Apr 86 p 1
[Text]

THE LIFESPAN of Zambla’s copper mines

could be prolonged if operations were properly
and’ new and cheaper methods

now selling at rock-bottom
prices start arriving.
The country was still

introduced, President Kaunda has said.

The mines would con-
tinue to be the mainstay
of Zambia's | economy
for many years because it
was the only industry at
the moment generating
foreign exchange.

He was optimistic that
with the reduction in the
price of crude oil and an
increase in the copper pri-
ces, mining operations
should become less expen-
sive thereby enabling the
country to earn more mo-
ney.

Earning from the copper
industry would be used to
re-organise the agricul-
tural economy, he said.

Although production of
copper had become very
expensive with losses
being made for every -to-
nne produced, the mines
would continue to earn
Zambia foreign exchange.

During the last two qua-
rters, the mines earned
Zambia nearly 400 million
United States dollars.

He said the people
being declared redundant
from the mines would be
deployed to other related
ventures while the majority
would be encouraged to
form co-operatives that
would service the mines.

/8309
CsO: 3400/1814

Co-operatives to mainta-
in mining equipment and
provide other ° services
should be formed by the
retired miners who are
more conversant with mi-
ning operations.

Dr Kaunda said if the

mines continue producing ®

copper at the present rate,
then the lifespan of the
mines will be shortened
but if operations were re-
organised there is still more
years to go.

The fact that the govern-
ment attached great impo-
rtance to the mines did not
mean that other industries
like agriculture have been
denigrated.

“We will continue'to de-
centralise in other indus-
tries like agriculture. The
mining industry has been
our eye-opener for the new
impetus in agriculture.’’

He said the country
had a lot of mineral depo-
sits scattered all over and
that these would be. better
mined by co-operatives.

President Kaunda also
announced that the gover-

* nment would ‘review the

prices of fuel and other
lubricants immediately
new stocks of crude oil,

35

using crude bought before
the price of oil per barrel
fell to between 10 and 15
United States dollars.

He challenged journalists
to be on the lookout so that
when the new stocks start
arriving, the price of fuel
is not maintained at old
levels.

“The people must be-
nefit from the reduced pri-
ces of crude oil on the inter-
national market. The go-
vernment will définitely
review the prices once
the old stocks are exhau-
sted,”’ he said.

The media should be the
watchdog of the people
so that they are not chea-
ted, Dr Kaunda said.



for distribution of some wealth, we will not move away entirely from the
free enterprise system.

[Rogers] Would it be true to say that the only thing the ANC are prepared
to discuss with the South African Government at this stage is the mechanics
of taking over power?

[Relly] I believe that is their formal position, yes.

[Rogers] And what were your impressions--I think we will leave the subject
now but just one more--what were your impressions of them as people? One
hears, in fact, that many of them are homesick, many of them still believe
that South Africa is still the best country in Africa, and in fact make
themselves quite unpopular with other Africans because of that.

[Relly] I think there is a great deal in that.

[Rogers] Looking at the government's reform measures, now, we have not got
time allowed unfortunately, but to sum up: Cosmetic or real?

[Relly] Oh, I think real. It is a question of what dryfkrag [driving force]
it is given, so to speak, to move through to the development of a new
reformed society. But I think getting rid of apartheid is very important,
and it is getting along.

[Rogers] What is the most important move, would you say?
[Relly] Still to come, you mean?
[Rogers] No, the most important move made so far?

[Relly] Oh, I think undoubtedly, doing away with the pass laws and the
influx control, because this is not only politically important, it is
economically vital to enable us to get this economy going again.

[Rogers] And the most important still to come?

[Relly] I suppose getting away from the obligations of the Group Areas Act.
I think one must create a freer choice society in that area, and that is

absolutely No 1 on the cards.

{Rogers] Would it be fair to say you probably have a good perception of the
government's problems in this whole area, in that, if one looks at Anglo-
American perhaps most of the hierarchy would tend to lean toward the
Progressive Federal Party, most of your white workers down the line would
probably be to the right of the National Party, and most of your black work-
ers would probably lean toward the UDF [United Democratic Front], and you
have somehow got to make all that work?

[Relly] Well, it is just like that. I think life is not easy, whether you
are in the government area or in the business area. I think government's

97



STATE IMPORTS MALAWI MAIZE TO COVER SHORTFALL

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 9 May 86 p 1

[Text]

/8309
cso:

By-Mail Reporter
GOVERNMENT has impor-
ted 500,000 bags of maize

* from Malawi to offset the

anticipated shortfall in the
nation’s food requirement.

The bags of maize will
start arriving in the country
in two weeks’ time.

The country expects
to harvest 8.5 million bags
of maize this year falling
short of-the national requi-
rement of about 10 million
bags.

A meeting between the
Truckers Association of
Zambia (TAZ) and Nam-
board to map out a strate-
gy to haul the maize from
Lilongwe was held in Lu-
saka on Wednesday.

Namboard asked TAZ
to mobilise 400 trucks to be
engaged in the exercise
expected to start next
week.

TAZ chairman Charles
Madondo said in Lusaka
yesterday that his associa-
tion was making adequate
arrangements for the exer-
cise.

“We are appealing to
all truckers to register

, their vehicles intended for

the exercise with Nam-
board.”

3400/1815

38

Mr Madondo said there
was urgency in hauling the
maize from Malawi to en-
sure that the exercise did
not interfere with transpor-
tation of local grown grain.

Truckers interested in
the exercise should liaise
with the association in
connection with road per-
mits to enable them to
travel to Malawi.

“We are teady to un-
dertake the exercise in
time to ensure that we do
not disturb the local pro-
gramme,”” Mr Madondo
said.

Namboard general mana-
ger, Major-General Charles
Nyirenda was recently in
Malawi to finalise the tran-
saction. The cost of the
maize was not disclosed. -

Early this year, Prime
Minister Kebby Musoko-
twane announced that go-
yernment was to import one
million bags of maize to
iset the anticipated short-

ll.

JPRS*SSA~86*064
19 June 1986

ZAMBIA