### Appendix 2A



# RHODE ISLAND DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES

2002 EMISSIONS INVENTORY 2/1 2/2008

### 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction and Summary

................................ ................................ ................ 4 1.1 Scope

................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 4 1.2 Purpose

................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 4 1.3 Responsible Agency

................................ ................................ ......................... 4 1.4 Data Format

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 5 1.5 Stationary Point Source Inventory

................................ ................................ .... 5 1.6 Stationary Nonpoint Source Inve ntory

................................ ............................. 5 1.7 Mobile Source Inventory

................................ ................................ .................. 6 1.8 Summary of Emissions Data

................................ ................................ ............. 6 2.0 Stationary Point Sources

................................ ................................ ...................... 9 2.1 Introduction

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 9 2.2 Compiling the point source list

................................ ................................ ........... 9 2.3 Emissions Estimation Procedures

................................ ................................ ... 15 2.3.1 Exclusion of nonreactive VOC from Emissions Totals

............................... 15 2.3.2 General Procedures

................................ ................................ .................. 15 2.3.3 Documentation for Sources using Volatile Organic Liquids for Degreasing, Cold Cleaning, Miscellaneous Industrial Solvent Use and Surface Coating without Control Equipment

................................ ................................ ................. 15 2.3.4 Miscellaneous Surface Coating and Printing Sources with Control Equipment

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 16 2.3.5 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion

................................ .......................... 19 2.3.6 Gasoline Storage and Handling Facilities

................................ .................. 20 2.3.7 Boat Building

................................ ................................ ............................ 20 3.0 NONPOINT SOURCES

................................ ................................ ..................... 25 3.1 Emissions from Nonpoint Source Gasoline Distribution Losses

..................... 26 3.2 Aviation Gasoline

................................ ................................ ............................ 28 3.4 Solvent Utilization

................................ ................................ ............................ 28 3.5 Commercial and Consumer Products

................................ .............................. 34 3.6 Cutback and Emulsified Asphalt

................................ ................................ ...... 35 3.7 Dry cleaning

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 37 3.8 Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) an d Composting

....................... 38 3.9 Small Stationary Source Combustion

................................ .............................. 40 3.10 Residential Wood Combustion

................................ ................................ ...... 43 3.11Commercial Cooking

................................ ................................ ...................... 44 3.12 Agricultural Tilling

................................ ................................ .......................... 45 3.13 Paved and Unpaved Roads

................................ ................................ .......... 46 3.14 Construction

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 46 3.14.1 Non

- residential Construction

................................ ................................ ... 46 3.14.2 Residential Construction

................................ ................................ ......... 47 3.15 Fires/ Open Burning

................................ ................................ ...................... 47 3.15.1 Structural Fires

................................ ................................ ........................ 47 3.15.2 Residential Open Burning

................................ ................................ ........ 48 3.16 Nonpoint Ammonia Sources

................................ ................................ .......... 49 3.16.1 Agricultural Production

................................ ................................ ............ 49 3.16.2 Agricultural Fertilizer Application

................................ ............................ 50 3.16.3 Industrial Refrigeration

................................ ................................ .......... 50 3.17 Biogenic Sources

................................ ................................ .......................... 55 4.0 Mobile Sources

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 63

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4.1 Non

- Road Sources

................................ ................................ .......................... 63 4.2 Aicraft

................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 65 4.3 Commercial Vessels

................................ ................................ ........................ 68 4.4 Locomotives

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 69 4.5 On

- road Mobile Sources

................................ ................................ ................. 71 5.0 QA/QC

................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 65 5.1 Purpose and Intention

................................ ................................ .................... 65 5.2 Roles and Responsibilities

................................ ................................ ............. 65 5.3 Point Sources

................................ ................................ ................................ . 66 5.4 Nonpoint Sources:

................................ ................................ .......................... 67 5.5 On

- Road Mobile Sources

................................ ................................ ............... 68 5.6 Non

- Road Mobile Sources

................................ ................................ ............. 68 Attachment A: “Air Pollutant E missions Inventories for Block Island State Airport, Newport State Airport, North Central State Airport, Quonset State Airport, TF Green State Airport, and Westerly State Airport” Attachment B: On

- road Mobile Source Files Attachment C: Non

- road Mobil e Source Files

### 4 1.0 Introduction and Summary This document presents the 2002 base year emission inventory for Rhode Island. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated 2002 as the base year for State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions developed to show attainment of the 8

- hour ozone and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns ( PM 2.5) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The EPA has classified Rhode Island as a moderate nonattainment area for the 8

- hour ozone standard. Rhode I sland is in attainment of the PM 2.5 standard at this time but this document includes a PM 2.5 inventory that has been developed for regional modeling purposes. Additionally, the Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR) requires states to prepare an inventory every three years for criteria pollutants. This document , along with electronic data submitted in June 2004 , meet the criteria specified in the CERR. 1.1 Scope This inventory addresses emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen (N Ox) , which are ozone precursors , as well as sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO) , ammonia (NH 3 ) , PM 2.5 (filterable and condensable fracti ons) and particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM 10 ) (filterable and condensable fractions). The inventory includes emissions from stationary point, stationary nonpoint , on - road mobile and non

- road mobile sources and covers all areas of the State , since the entire State is considered a nonattainment area for ozone. 1.2 Purpose The 2002 base year inventory will be used for the following purposes: 1. Rhode Island , a moderate nonattainment area for the 8

- hour ozone stand ard , must submit a SIP revision to the EPA in 2007 demonstrating that the State will be in attainment of the 8

- hour ozone standard by 2010. The attainment SIP must include a reasonable further progress analysis (RFP) that shows that ozone precursor emissi ons in the State will be reduced by 15% between 2002 and 2008

. The inventory in this document will be the 2002 RFP inventory and will be the basis for projecting future year inventories for use in the RFP and in other parts of the attainment demonstration

. 2. Although Rhode Island is in attainment of the PM 2.5 standard , this inventory, along with inventories from neighboring states , will be used for regional modeling to evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies to address regional attainment of the PM 2.5 standard as well as visibility degradation in Class 1 areas in the region. 1.3 Responsible Ag ency The Office of Air Resources of the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RI DEM) prepared the inventory. Other Rhode Island agencies that contributed information necessary for calculating emissions include the Division of Motor Vehicles of the Department of Administration and the

### 5

Department of Transportation. EPA and the Mid Atlantic Regiona l Air Management Association , Mid

-Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union ( MARAMA/MANE

-VU ) have developed emission inventories for several nonpoint source categories which were used in this inventory as noted in the report. 1.4 Data Format Both annual and typical summer weekday emissions for the 2002 base year are provided in this document. In addition, all base year emissions have been entered in the EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) database. 1.5 Stationary P oint Source Inventory Chapter 2 of this document presents the results of the stationary point source inventory. The point source inventory was prepared from the results of a mail survey of facilities in the State. The names and calculated emissions of all stationary commercial and industrial sources which emitted at least 10 tons of VOC, 25 tons of N Ox, or 100 tons of CO in 2002 are listed in C hapter 2. In all, 6 6 point sources were identified

. Chapter 2 includes sample calculations documenting the methodologies followed for the following types of sources:

§ Surface Coating Operations for sources with and without control equipment

§ Degreasing Operations

§ Fuel Combustion in boilers

§ Boat Building 1.6 Stationary Nonpoint Source Inventory Chapter 3 of this document presents stationary nonpoint source emissions estimates for several source categories. The emissions estimates for some of these source categories are taken from the EPA National Emissions Inventory (NEI) of nonpoint sources. For some source categories , Rhode Island used emission inventory estimates developed by MARAMA/ MANE

-VU Chapter 3 outlines the methodologies and the sources used to calculate emissions from nonpoint sources

. The following nonpoint source categories are included in this report:

· Gasoline D istribution

· Portable Fuel Containers

§ Architectural Coating

§ Automobile Refinishing

§ Industrial Adhesives

§ Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use

§ Surface Cleaning

§ Surface Coating

§ Graphic Arts

§ Process Solvents

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§ Traffic Paint

§ Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWS)/Composting

§ Paved and Unpaved Roads

§ Residential/Nonresidential Construction

§ Fires

§ Residential Wood burning

§ Commercial Cooking

§ Cutback and Emulsified Asphalt

§ Small stationary source fossil fuel use

§ Agricultural production

§ Agricultural Tilling

§ Agricultural Fertilizer

§ Industrial Refrigeration 1.7 Mobile Source Inventory Non

- road mobile source emissions are presented in C hapter 4 of this document

. Emissions from non

- road engines were calculated using the EPA Nonroad Emission model, core model version 2005a, February 2006 The recently revised non

- road model predicts emissions generated from more than 80 basic and 260 specific types of equipment. Typically , equipment in this category includes recreational vehicles, logging equipment, tractors, construction equipment, residential/commercial lawn garden and water pleasure craft. T he model does not predict emissions from commercial marine vessels, locomotives or aircraft. On

- road mobile source emissions were calculated using EPA’s M obile 6 model. Input data necessary to run the model were obtained from the Department of Transportation and the Division of Motor Vehicles of the Department of Administration

. 1.8 Summary of Emissions Data Annual emissions and emissions during a typical summer weekday were calculated for the ozone precursors, VOC and NOx

. Annual emissions were calculated for CO, PM 2.5 , PM 10 and NH 3 as well as for the ozone precursors. Total 2002 emissions annual and typical summer weekday emissions for Rhode Island are as follows: Total Emissions (tons) Pollutant Annual Summer Weekday VOC 41,494 117 NOx 27,924 7 3 CO 269,981 N/a PM 2.5 3,863 N/a PM 10 8,480 N/a NH 3 1,698 N/a

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The distribution of typical 2002 summer weekday emissions of VOC and NOx by source type is as follows :

Summer Weekday E missions (tons/day)

Source Type VOC NOx Stationary point sources 10. 3 7.0 Stationary n onpoint sources 47.9 3.4 Non

- road mobile sources 26. 8 19.7 On

- road mobile sources 32.3 42.4 Biogenic sources 124.2 0.68

The distribution of annual emissions by source type is shown in the following table : Annual Emissions (tons/year) Source Type VOC CO NOx PM 2.5 PM 10 NH 3 Stationary point sources 3 , 09 5 1 , 955 2 , 225 124 156 217 Stationary no npoint sources 16,809 10 , 8 1 0 3 , 045 2 , 982 7,981 626 Non

- road mobile sources 8,763 68,904 5,934 548 n/a 4 On

- road mobile sources 12 , 827 188 , 312 16,720 209 343 851 Biogenic sources 18,120 1925.13 158.49 n/a n/a n/a

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## An nual NOx Emissions by Source Type

Stationary Point 2% Stationary Nonpoint 4% Non

- road Mobile 6%

On

- road Mobile 88% 

## An nual VOC Emissions by Source Type

Stationary Point 8%

Stationary Nonpoint 36%

Non

- road Mobile 21% On

- road Mobile 35%

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2.0 Stationary Point Sources

2.1 Introduction This section documents the development of the Rhode Island Nonattainment Area stationary point source list and characterizes the overall process used to obtain point source emission estimates by describing the data collection, verification and emission estimation techniques used. For the purposes of this emission inventory, point sources are defined as stationary commercial or industrial operations that emit 1 0 or mo re tons per year (tpy) of VOC , 25 or more tpy of N Ox, 100 or more tpy of CO and/or 100 or more tpy of PM . The point source inventory consists of actual emissions for the base year 2002 for point sources in the five Rhode Island nonattainment counties. RI DEM’ s Office of Air Resources was the sole agency responsible for compiling the point source inventory. RI DEM was responsible for identifying point sources meeting the cutoff criteria, verifying and documenting the method used to calculate emissions from each source and summarizing and presenting its findings. The remainder of this section details the point source data collection techniques, explains emission estimation procedures and provides detailed tables of point source emission s estimates. 2.2 Com piling the point source list This section describes methods used to develop the initial point source list from which point source emissions for the 2002 Rhode Island base year inventory were estimated. This section is included in order to demonstrate that the point source list is as complete as possible. Point source data collection activities for the 2002 base year inventory began in January 2003. An existing point source emission inventory, compi led for the 1990 base year and subsequently used to develop 1996 and 1999 projection inventories , formed the starting point for the point source list. The inventory list had been updated annually since its initial development . Manufacturing sources that e mit criteria or hazardous air pollutants and sources known to be major fuel users are included in the inventory. The Rhode Island Directory of Manufacturers was used to search for any new or previously unidentified manufacturing sources in the State . Sources in manufacturing SIC codes that have more than 10 employees were added to the inventory form distribution list . Internet searches were used to obtain lists of boat builders in Rhode Island and a ll boat builders identified were added to the list . I n addition, the Office of Air Resources’ list of permitted air pollution sources was reviewed and all new sources from that list were added. Potential point sources identified by staff engineers were also added. In total 600 sources were inventoried for the 2002 base year inventory.

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Rhode Island’s 2002 Point Source Inventory mailing was first sent out in February 2003. Forms were due April 15, 2003, and those sources that had not returned their forms by that date were sent a second set of forms with a Letter of Noncompliance. Approximately 85 forms were not returned. Based on the type of industry and the number of employees at these sources, it was determined that the sources that did not return the forms would not have met the threshold s to be conside red point sources . Emissions from these sources are accounted for in the nonpoint source portion of the inventory. Emissions were calculated as described in section 2.3 below. Sources with emissions at or above the thresholds in section 2.1 were included in the final comprehensive point source list. The following table shows th at list , including includes the name , location and annual emissions in tpy by pollutant for each identified point source.

### 11 Annual Emissions from Point Sources (tpy)

FACILITY N AME VOC NOx CO SO 2 PM 10 PM 2.5 NH 3 BRISTOL COUNTY ALBIN MARINE 11.61 3.23 0.22 6.84 0.10 0.07 0.03 DISPLAY W ORLD 18.93 0.30 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 QUARTER MOON 11.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SAINT GOBAIN PERFORMANCE PLASTICS 12.82 1. 45 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 TPI INC. (WARREN) 31.99 0.72 0.14 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 TOTAL TONS BRISTOL COUNTY 86.47 5.70 0.42 6.86 0.14 0.11 0.03

KENT COUNTY ARKW RIGHT* 91.58 9.76 2.41 0.06 0.88 0.48 0.05 CLARIANT CORPORATIO N 22.27 15.21 19.85 4.40 2.09 1.23 0.44 LEVITON 25.65 13.81 2.02 26.28 1.77 1.50 0.17 MERIDIAN PRINTING, INC. 18.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 ORIGINAL BRADFORD SOAP W ORKS* 55.62 11.34 1.17 22.92 1.80 1.26 1.78 SOLUOL CHEMICAL CO., INC. 35.48 0.42 0.35 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 STANLEY

- BOSTITCH, INC. (EG)* 21.64 15.85 2.05 25.63 2.08 1.43 0.90 UNITED PRINTING 11.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 TOTAL TONS KENT COUNTY 281.37 66.41 27.85 79.29 8.65 5.95 3.34

NEWPORT COUNTY NAVAL STATION NEWP ORT,CODE N8N 6.30 41.90 23.50 19.60 4.20 4.20 0.48 TIVERTON POW ER 0.00 35.77 15.08 3.54 6.50 6.50 3.69 TOTAL TONS NEWPORT COUNTY 6.30 77.67 38.58 23.14 10.70 10.70 4.17

PROVIDENCE COUNTY ALGONQUIN GAS TRANSMISSION CO. (B) 10.33 11.00 15.88 0.52 0.01 0.01 B & D PLASTICS, INC. 34.88 0.09 0.02 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 BLACKSTONE VALLEY PRESTAIN 29.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 BRANCH RIVER FOAM PLASTICS 23.14 0.15 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00

### 12 FACILITY N AME VOC NOx CO SO 2 PM 10- PRI PM 2.5- PRI NH 3 BROW N UNIVERSITY 4.10 77.25 9.97 211.14 11.95 5.67 1.24 CCL CUSTOM MFG 107.34 8.14 0.91 5.72 0.80 0.63 2.75 CENTRAL LANDFILL 160.45 38.42 192.97 8.57 0.25 0.25 0.00 COOLEY, INC.* 88.49 2.53 1.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 C RANSTON W CF 42.78 29.60 135.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 EASTERN BUTCHER BLOCK CORP. 12.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 FIBER MARK 59.79 2.47 1.06 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 GENERAL CABLE INDUSTRIES, LLC 17.15 8.15 2.69 11.16 1.06 0.80 0.14 HERRICK & W HITE LTD. 1 1.06 0.12 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 HOMESTEAD BAKING CO. 12.12 1.38 0.35 4.96 0.16 0.11 0.03 HONEY WE LL SENSING & CONTROL 20.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 JB PRATA 35.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 METAL RECYCLING CO, INC. 1.18 84.94 13.99 1.22 1.62 1.56 0.61 MOBIL* 635.00 12.31 30.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MONARCH INDUSTRIES 22.00 0.50 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MOTIVA ENTERPRISES LLC.* 453.00 0.13 0.02 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 NARRAGANSETT BAY COMMISSION FIELDS POINT 12.92 36.15 127.57 2.34 0.00 0.00 0.0 0 NEW E NGLAND CONTAINER* 121.00 3.02 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NEW E NGLAND PRINTED TAPE COMPANY* 30.91 1.00 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 OCEAN STATE POW ER 19.98 314.31 236.64 2.53 7.55 7.31 112.89 OSRAM SYLVANIA PRODUCTS INC. 16.29 251.94 16.75 123.88 0.00 0.00 28.61 PACKAGING GRAPHICS 15.42 0.32 0.08 1.14 0.00 0.00 20.00 PORTOLA TECH INTERNATIONAL 42.38 1.90 0.29 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.00 PROVIDENCE METALLIZING CO., INC.* 22.21 10.63 0.87 22.00 1.50 1.04 0.11 R.I. CENTRAL POW ER PLANT/CONTIGUOUS PROP 7.08 167. 92 105.77 105.04 14.49 13.26 2.14 RI STATE ENERGY CENTER 3.87 17.09 53.78 0.91 13.57 13.57 10.26 R.I. TEXTILE CO. 14.86 0.66 0.16 4.74 0.08 0.05 0.03 RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL 15.66 256.26 25.54 520.15 30.90 15.00 2.77 RIDGEW OOD PROVIDENCE POW ER PARTN ERS 10.79 59.05 307.85 0.00 0.00 8.41 0.00

### 13 FACILITY N AME VOC NOx CO SO 2 PM 10 PM 2.5 NH 3 SLATER DYE CUMBERLAND 50.34 5.13 0.74 4.57 0.34 0.24 0.2 SLATER DYE W ORKS & SLATER SCREEN PRINT 46.47 22.05 2.95 31.79 2.50 1.80 0.75 SMITHFIELD PEAT CO. INC. 2.44 33.96 25.95 0.77 0.50 0.50 0.21 TEKNOR APEX 35.49 21.24 1.69 44.24 3.39 2.35 0.23 USGEN NEW ENGLAND INC 11.96 287.60 115.74 5.60 7.36 7.36 2.04 WO ONSOCKET WWTF 3.92 54.34 372.99 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 UNION INDUSTRIES* 40.45 1.86 0.25 1.99 0.15 0.11 0.0 0 TOTAL TONS PROVIDENCE COUNTY 2305.63 1823.57 1802.24 1136.67 98.06 79.93 18 5.01

WASHINGTON COUNTY ASHAWAY LINE AND TW INE 15.33 0.76 0.37 2.36 0.18 0.12 0.02 BLOCK ISLAND POW ER CO. 2.46 44.28 23.72 3.19 3.40 3.20 10.84 BRADFORD DYEING ASSOCIATION INC. 36.82 92.82 9.61 284.15 21.60 15.00 12.94 BROOKW OOD LAMINATING, INC.* 59.75 0.80 0.16 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 CHARBERT INC. DIV. OF NFA 13.11 6.95 1.74 24.96 0.80 0.54 0.28 DARLINGTON FABRICS CORP. (CANAL ST.) 0.21 30.72 3.0 0 67.66 4.47 3.10 0.29 DEWAL* 10.79 0. 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ELECTRIC BOAT CORPORATION 10.91 1.73 0.38 2.33 0.15 0.10 0.00 KENYON INDUSTRIES, INC.* 222.50 51.34 4.34 94.80 7.30 5.00 0.00 SENESCO 17.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 TORAY PLASTI CS AMERICA* 25.52 22.69 42.67 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 TOTAL TONS WASHINGTON COUNTY 415.20 252.08 85.99 479.70 37.90 27.06 24.37
STAT EWIDE TONS PER YEAR 3,094.97 2,225.42 1,955.09 1,725.66 155.59 123.75 216.94

*VOC EMISSIONS W IT H RULE EFFECTIVENESS

### 14 

## Stationary P oint Source Annual VOC and NOx

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Bristol Kent Newport Providence Washington tons/ year VOC NOX

### 15

2.3 Emissions Estimation Procedures 2.3.1 Exclusion of nonreactive VOC from Emissions Totals

. Only reactive VOCs, as defined by the EPA, are reported in this inventory. B oth reactive and nonreactive VOCs were reported to RI DEM on the emissions inventory forms. All emissions were speciated and entered into the RI DEM d atabase by CAS number. To determin e which facilities should be considered point sources for the base year inventory, VOC emissions were summed, excluding those compounds which are designated by EPA as nonreactive. For some source categories, emission factors for total VOC from the EPA AP

-42 document were used when speciated emission s factors were not available. Many of the sources in those categories do not emit nonreactive VOC. Wh en emission factors for methane and non

- methane VOC were both given in AP

-42, the emission factor for non

- methane VOC was used in calculations. 2.3.2 General Procedures In the majority of cases, emission estimates for point sources were calculated using material balance method s. For other sources, e mission factors from AP

-42 and source test data were used . Emissions estimates were adjusted to reflect rule effectiveness considerations and seasonal ity where applicable. The following equation was used to account for rule effectiveness and seasonal adjustments : E s = EA*Ts [1

- C e (RE)] D*W s E s = Seasonally adjusted (summer weekday) emissions (lb/day) E a = Annual emissions of VOC, NOx, CO or PM (lb/year) Ts = Throughput during the ozone season, as a fraction of ann ual throughput D = Days in operation per week (days/week) W s = Weeks of ozone season (weeks/year) C e = Control efficiency RE = Rule effectiveness In the following sections, examples are provided to show how emissions estimates were calculated for the point sources

. 2.3.3 Emissions Calculations for Sources using Volatile Organic Liquids for Degreasing, Cold Cleaning, Miscellaneous Industrial Solvent Use and Surface Coating w ithout Control Equipment For point source degreasing, cold cleaning, surface coating and/or other miscellaneous operations without control equipment, VOC emissions were

### 16

calculated by material balance. Credit was given for solvent which was manifested off

-site. In cases in which the percentage of a chemical in hazardous waste was unknown , a default value of 80% was used. This figure was based on information from the State’s main recycler of solvents. Ozone season activity levels were based on summer production levels reported by each company. Typical summer day emissions were calculated with the formula in section 2.3.2 using the seasonal activity and operating schedule information reported by the company. E missions were speciated and non - reactive solvents were not included when determining whether a source met the 10 tpy threshold. Example summary information and calculations for a degreaser follow.

S ample Mass Balance Calculation

Degreaser Year beginning inventory 700 pounds trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene purchased 2002 10 , 000 pounds Year ending inventory 200 pounds Amount waste solvent reported manifested as h azardous waste 3 , 000 pounds Percent of manifested waste that is this chemical Unknown

- 80% default assumed Production and operating information 24% of annual production in June

-August Operating hours: 8hrs/day, 5 days/wk 5 0

-wks/yr (2 wk shutdown J uly) Emission Type Calculation Annual Emissions (700+10 , 000)

- (200 + (3 , 000*.80)) = 8 , 100 pounds per year
Typical Ozone day (8 , 100 lbs * 0.24) / (5days/wk * 10 wks/ozone season) = 39 lbs/day

2.3.4 Miscellaneous Surface Coating and Printing Sources with Control Equipment For surface coating or printing operations, the surveys asked for information about the coating and ink formulations used at th e facility, including the gallons of coating used, the density of the coating, the percent total VOC in the coating and the percent of listed chemicals in the coating. Spreadsheets were developed for each of the companies. In most cases, shipments of waste coating sent off

- site as manifested wastes were assumed to have the same solvent profile as the coating used at the facility. If the company provided results of testing of waste for components , those data were used. If the company had control equipme nt , the capture and destruction efficiency of the control equipment was obtained from either stack test data or permit conditions. Seasonal production and

### 17

operation data provided on inventory forms were used to determine daily emissions. Rule effective ness adjustments were applied to VOC emissions directed to air pollution control equipment as required by EPA. In most cases, RI DEM used the EPA default adjustment of 80%, which was multiplied by the efficiency of the control equipment and increased the estimated amount of VOC released from the facility. The rule effectiveness adjustment is intended to account for the control equipment not having been operated at all times that it was supposed to have operated and for its efficiency not being optimal at all times. For five facilities with control equipment, the Office calculated facility

-specific rule effectiveness adjustment factors using the questionnaire in the November 1992 EPA document entitled Guidelines for Estimation and Applying Rule Effectiveness for Ozone/CO State Implementation Plan Base Year Inventories

. Rule effectiveness adjustment factors calculated for those facilities are as follows : Company Adjustment Factor Arkwright 90 NEPTCO 89 Providence M eta l lizing 86 Stanley Bostitch 89 Union Industries 91

### 18 Sample of Surface Coating Calculation Gallons of Coating used in 2002 2 , 000 gal Percent VOC in coating by weight 80 % Density of the coating 7.36 lbs/gal Amount manifested 55 gallons Percent of manifested waste th at con tains VOC (default is 80%) 80% Calculation of amount of waste that is VOC. Gallons of waste * average density * percent waste that is VOC = pounds of VOC manifested 55 gal * 7.36 lb/gal * 80% = 324 lb Calculation of uncontrolled pounds of solvent emitted. Gallons of coating used * % VOC in coating * density of coating

– pounds VOC manifested = pounds emitted uncontrolled 2 , 000 g al * 66% VOC * 7.36 lbs/gal

– 324 lbs = 9 , 391 lb VOC Calculation of controlled emissions assuming an overall contro l efficiency of 97%. Uncontrolled emissions * ( 1

- overall efficiency) = emissions without rule effectiveness 9 , 391 lbs * (1

- 0 .97) = 282 lbs of VOC without RE Calculation of VOC emissions with rule effectiveness (RE) using a default RE factor of 80% and assuming overall control efficiency is 97%. Uncontrolled emissions (1

- overall efficiency * RE factor) = emissions with rule effectiveness

9 , 391 lbs * (1

- 0 .97 * 0 .8) = 2 , 104 lbs of VOC with RE Calculation of typical summer weekday emissions assu ming 25% of the surface coating took place in June

- August and the facility operated 65 days. Annual emissions * seasonal percentage / # of days operated June

- August (W ith RE) 2 , 104 lbs * 0 .25 / 65 days = 8.09 lb/day

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2.3.5 Stationary Source Fuel Combu stion All sources which burn fuel for electric generation, building heat or for processes were required to su bmit data on the amount and type of fuel burned by each type of equipment. AP

-42 contains emission factors based on the type of source

- utility, industrial or commercial/institutional , the fuel type , and the size of the fuel burning equipment

. AP

-42 also contains emission factors for emergency generators, engines and turbines. Appropriate AP

-42 emissions factors were used to calculate emissions for all listed point sources except for sources that provided data from co ntinuous emission monitors or results from stack testing. Sample Boiler Calculation Boiler size 75 mmbtu/hr industria l boiler Type of fuel burned No. 6 fuel oil Amount of fuel burned 2002 50 , 000 gallons Percent Sulfur in fuel 1% Percent of fuel burned June

-August 10% Number of days operated June

-August 30 Emission factors from AP

-42

NOx = 75 lbs/ 10 3 gal SO 2 = 159 * (% Sulfur) lbs/ 10 3 gal

CO = 5 lbs/ 10 3 gal PM 10 = ( (7.17*(1.12* (% S ulfur)

+ .37 ) +1.5) lbs/ 10 3 gal VOC = 0 .28 lb/10 3 gal Amount of fuel burned * emission factor = pounds emitted NOx 50x10 3 gallons * 75 lb/10 3 gal = 3 , 750 lbs emitted SO2 50x10 3 gallons * 159(1) lb/10 3 gal = 7 , 950 lbs emitted CO 50x10 3 gallons * 5 lb/10 3 gal = 250 lbs emitted PM10 (50x10 3 gallons* ( (7.17*( 1.12(1)+.37))+1.5) lb /10 3 gal ) = 609 lbs emitted VOC 50x10 3 gallons * 0 .28 lb/10 3 gal = 14 lbs emitted

Typical s ummer weekday emissi ons

(VOC and N Ox only) Annual emissions * seasonal % / number of days operated June

- August NOx 3 , 750 lb * 10% / 30 days = 12.5 lb/day VOC 14 lb* 10% / 30 days = 0 .05 lb/day

### 20

2.3. 6 Gasoline Storage and Handling Facilities Point source emissions from stationary source gasoline distribution operations include emissions from all activities attributable to bulk gasoline terminals. These include emissions from gasoline loading, storage tanks , and leaks from valves, flanges and pumps There are currently two bulk gasoline terminals operating in Rhode Island, Mobil and Motiva. Both of these sources provided the Office with emission statements that detailed all emission points at the facility. The emissions statements were reviewed and found to be accurate. Both terminals ran the TANKS 3 program to estimate their emissions from the storage tanks. The terminals also supplied data on the amount of fuel throughput while the vapor recovery unit was both operating and not operating. Loading losses were estimated using an emissions rate determined by stack testing done at the facilities

. Neither facility reported loading fuel on to barges. Ballasting of barges is not typically done dockside so no barge ballasting emissions were assumed

.
2.3.7 Boat Building Emissions from boat building operations were calculated using the EPA recommended method. Section 4.4 of AP

-42, “ Polyester Resin Plastics Fabricati on” has been removed and now references e mission factors developed by the American Composites Manufacturers Association (ACMA)

. Th ose emissions factors are based on type of application method used , - hand lay up, spray lay up or gelcoat spraying

- and the percent styrene in the resin. Boat manufacturers were required to submit data on the amount of resin used, the percent styrene in the resin and the type of application used to apply each resin. A spreadsheet was developed for each boat builder. The ACMA emissions factors were not used for TPI in Wa rren. T PI u ses a specialized vacuum bagging system for resin application. The company has determined emissions factors for this process through emissions testing. These factors were used for TPI.

Sam ple Boat Builders Calculation Amount of Resin A used 4 , 000 pounds % styrene in resin 35% Application Method used Hand lay up Emission factor from ACMA table 95 lbs styrene emitted/ton of resin processed Emissions from resin A Tons resin used * emission factor = lbs styrene emitted (4 , 000 lb/2 , 000 lb/ton ) * 95 lbs styrene / ton resin = 190 lbs styrene emitted

### 21

The following table lists the annual and ozone season emissions for VOC point sources included in the 2002 Rhode Island Inventory:

FACILITY NAME 2002 VOC (tons/year) 2002 Summer

Weekday VOC em issions (lbs/day) BRISTOL COUNTY ALBIN MARINE 11.61 92 DISPLAY W ORLD 18.93 147 QUARTER MOON 11.12 88 SAINT GOBAIN PERFORMANCE PLASTICS 12.82 99 TPI INC. (WARREN) 31.99 222 TOTAL TONS BRISTOL C OUNTY 86.47 648

KENT COUNTY ARKW RIGHT* 91.58 1855 CLARIANT CORPORATION 22.27 70 LEVITON 25.65 139 MERIDIAN PRINTING, INC. 18.01 122 ORIGINAL BRADFORD SOAP W ORKS* 55.62 361 SOLUOL CHEMICAL CO., INC. 35.48 287 STANLEY

- BOSTITCH, INC. (EG)* 21 .64 175 UNITED PRINTING 11.13 87 TOTAL TONS KENT COUNTY 281.37 3096

NEWPORT COUNTY TOTAL TONS NEWPORT COUNTY 0.00 0

PROVIDENCE COUNTY ALGONQUIN GAS TRANSMISSION CO. (B) 10.33 39 B & D PLASTICS, INC. 34.88 277 BLACKSTONE VALLEY PRE STAIN 29.88 233 BRANCH RIVER FOAM PLASTICS 23.14 180 CCL CUSTOM MFG 107.34 794 CENTRAL LANDFILL 160.45 238 COOLEY, INC.* 88.49 545 CRANSTON W CF 42.78 302 EASTERN BUTCHER BLOCK CORP. 12.46 95 FIBER MARK 59.79 403 GENERAL CABLE INDUSTRIES, LLC 17.15 128 HERRICK & W HITE LTD. 11.06 88 HOMESTEAD BAKING CO. 12.12 96 HONEY WE LL SENSING & CONTROL 20.33 169 JB PRATA 35.71 379 MOBIL* 635.00 3480 MONARCH INDUSTRIES 22.00 170

### 22 FACILITY N AME 2002 VOC (tons/year) 2002 Summer

Weekday VOC em issions (lbs/day) Providence County (continued) NEW E NGLAND CONTAINER* 121.00 981 NEW E NGLAND PRINTED TAPE COMPANY* 30.91 258 OCEAN STATE POW ER 19.98 105 OSRAM SYLVANIA PRODUCTS INC. 16.29 85 PACKAGING GRAPHICS 15.42 100 PORTOLA TECH INTERNATIONAL 42.38 325 PROVIDENCE METALLIZING CO., INC.* 22.21 205 R.I. TEXTILE CO. 14.86 123 RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL 15.66 86 RIDGEW OOD PROVIDENCE POW ER PARTNERS 10.79 56 SLATER DYE W ORKS CUMBERLAND 50.34 404 SLATER DYE W ORKS & SLATER SCREEN PRINT 46.47 387 TEKNOR APEX 35.49 291 USGEN NEW ENGLAND INC 11.96 75 UNION INDUSTRIES* 40.45 298 TOTAL TONS PROVIDENCE COUNTY 2283.04 13919

WASHINGTON COUNTY ASHAWAY LINE AND TW INE 15.33 118 BRADFORD DYEING ASSOCIATION INC. 36.82 347 BROOKW OOD LAMINATING, INC.* 59.75 460 CHARBERT INC. DIV. OF NFA 13.11 109 DEWAL* 10.79 83 ELECTRIC BOAT CORPORATION 10.91 87 KENYON INDUSTRIES, INC.* 222.50 1218 SENESCO 17.80 148 TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA* 25.52 132 TOTAL TONS WASHINGTON COUNTY 412.53 2702
STAT EWIDE 3063.41 20365 *VOC EMISSIONS W IT H RULE EFFECTIVENESS

### 23

The following table shows estimated VOC emissions with and without rule effectiveness considerations for Rhode Island VOC point sources that used air pollution control equipment in 2002: Facility Type of Control Equipment Estimated VOC

Emissions Before Rule Effectiveness (tons/year) Estimated VOC Emissions A

fter Rule Effectiveness (tons/year) Arkwright Incinerator 28.1 91.58 Brookwood Laminating incinerator 35.67 59.75 Cooley Incinerator 45.37 88.49 Dewal Industries Incinerator 1.7 10.79 Kenyon Industries Incinerator, condenser 130.2 222.5 Motiva Vapor recovery unit 75.6 453 Mobil Vapor recovery unit 73.64 635 NEPTCO Incinerator 7.63 30.91 New England Container Incinerator 40.3 121 Original Bradford Soap Condenser 6.6 55.62 Providence Metallizin g Incinerator 14.9 22.2 Stanley Bostitch Incinerator 19.86 21.64 Toray Plastics Control device 18.2 25.52 Union Industries Incinerator 1.9 40.45

### 24

The following table summarizes the 2002 point source em issions of NOx and CO in Rhode Island:

FACILITY N AME 2002 NOx (tons/year) 2002

Summer Weekday NOx Em issions (lb/day) 2002 CO

(tons/year) BRISTOL COUNTY TOTAL TONS BRISTOL COUNTY 0.00 0

KENT COUNTY TOTAL TONS KENT COUNTY 0.00 0

NEWPORT COUNTY NAVAL STATION NEWP ORT,CODE N8N 41.90 142 23.5 TIVERTON POW ER 35.77 8 15.08 TOTAL TONS NEWPORT COUNTY 77.67 150 38.58

PROVIDENCE COUNTY CENTRAL LANDFILL 38.42 142 192.97 CRANSTON W CF 29.60 240 135 NARRAGANSETT BAY COMMISSION FIELDS POINT 36. 15 220 127.57 OCEAN STATE POW ER 314.31 1642 236.64 OSRAM SYLVANIA PRODUCTS INC. 251.94 1402 16.75 R.I. CENTRAL POW ER PLANT/CONTIGUOUS PROP 167.92 1796 105.77 RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL 256.26 2169 25.54 RIDGEW OOD PROVIDENCE POW ER PARTNERS L.P. 59.05 302 30 7.85 SMITHFIELD PEAT CO. INC. 33.96 270 25.95 USGEN NEW ENGLAND INC 287.60 1755 115.74 WO ONSOCKET WWTF 54.34 330 372.99 TOTAL TONS PROVIDENCE COUNTY 1529.54 10268 1662.77

WASHINGTON COUNTY BLOCK ISLAND POW ER CO. 44.28 325 23.72 BRADFORD DYEING ASSOCIATION INC. 92.82 1127 9.61 DARLINGTON FABRICS CORP. (CANAL ST.) 30.72 147 3 KENYON INDUSTRIES, INC.* 51.34 281 4.34 TOTAL TONS WASHINGTON COUNTY 219.16 1880 40.68 STAT EWIDE TONS PER YEAR 1826.36 12298 1742.03
* Sources which meet NOx or CO threshold criteria only

### 25 3.0 NONPOINT SOURCES
EPA has prepared a nonpoint inventory for several source categories

. Emissions methodologies used in that inventory are outlined in a report prepared for the EPA by EH Pech an and Associates entitled “ Documentation for the Draft 2002 Nonpoint Source National Emission Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants“ (March 2005 version ) h ereinafter referred to as the Documentation

. Emissions estimates in th e EPA inventory were accepted by Rhode Island and used for this nonpoint source inventory for the following source categories : Aviation Gasoline Distribution Commercial Cooking Nonpoint Source Fuel Combustion Construction (residential , non - residential and road) Gasoline Distribution Open Burning

– Structural Fires Solvent Utilization Publicly Owned Treatment Plants ( POTWs ) (VOC only) Paved/Unpaved Roads Pesticide Application Portable Fuel Containers Agricultural Production EH Pechan and Associates , under contract with MARAMA/MANE

-VU , developed emissions inventory estimates for residential wood combustion, open burning (residential waste) , industrial refrigeration, POTWs (NH 3 only) and composting activities

. These reports can be found online at the following web address : http://www.marama.org/visibility/ . The Pechan estimates for those categories were used for the Rhode Island inventory. EPA has also published a series of guidance documents as part of its Emissi on Inventory Improvement Project (EIIP) which contain methodologies for calculating emissions from several source categories. These methodologies were used to calculate emissions for cutback and emulsified asphalt application operations and for determinin g seasonal activity factors for nonpoint source categories. For source categories for which emissions were calculated on a per capita basis , the following 2002 population data, from the US Bureau of Census, were used: County Population BRISTOL 51 , 287 KENT 170 , 499 NEW PORT 85 , 986 PROVIDENCE 634 , 827 WASHINGTON 127 , 126 TOTAL 1 , 069 , 725

### 26

3.1 Emissions from Nonpoint Source Gasoline Distribution Losses

Annual e mission s estimates for nonpoint source gasoline distribution were obtained from the EPA gasoline distribution inventory that was developed for the fi nal 2002 N ational Emissions Inventory. EPA was required to develop that n ational inventory to provide a consisten t data set for evaluating the impacts of potential regulatory alternatives to support the Mobile Source Air Toxics Rule

. Since that i nventory used updated e mission estimation methods , it was used in this inventory for nonpoint sources. The methodology is outlined in the Documentation

. Annual emissions were calculated for gasoline pipelines, bulk storage terminals, gasoline tank trucks in transit, gasoline Stage I systems at service stations, gasoline Stage II systems at service stations and gasoline u nde rground storage tank breathing and emptying losses. Emissions from bulk gasoline terminals and plants included in the EPA report were not included i n this section of the inventory since the terminals in Rhode Island were included in the point source inven tory

. The data for gasoline pipelines was also excluded since no major pipelines exist in Rhode Island. To estimate pounds emitted per summer week day (ppsd) , monthly data on gasoline sales were obtained from the Division of Taxation. From th ose data it was determined that 27% of the gasoline was distributed during the months of June, July and August. Gasoline distribution e missions by county for Rhode Island are as follows: Gasoline Stage I Service Stations Splash Filling (SCC 2501060052) County VO C (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 5.60 32.86 Kent 30.31 177.91 Newport 11.52 67.62 Providence 98.02 575.33 Washington 24.81 145.62 Statewide Total 170.26 999.34 Gasoline Stage I Service Stations Bal a nced Filling (SCC 2501060053) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd ) Bristol 4.05 23.77 Kent 21.94 128.78 Newport 8.34 48.95 Providence 70.94 416.39 Washington 17.96 105.41 Statewide Total 123.23 723.31

### 27

Gasoline Stage II Service Stations (SCC 2501060100) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 8.13 47.72 Kent 44.7 7 262.77 Newport 17.70 103.89 Providence 147.83 867.70 Washington 35.38 207.64 Statewide Total 253.80 1 , 489.72 Gasoline Tank Trucks in Transit (SCC 2505000000) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 0.41 2.40 Kent 2.21 12.98 Newport 0.93 5.48 Provi dence 7.22 42.40 Washington 1.81 10.61 Statewide Total 12.58 73.86 Gasoline UST Breathing and Emptying (SCC 2501060201) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 6.24 36.63 Kent 33.81 198.45 Newport 14.28 83.83 Providence 110.45 648.31 Washington 27.63 162.16 Statewide Total 192.41 1 , 129.38

An nual Statew ide Emissions from all gasoline distribution Process VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Gasoline Stage I Service Stations (Splash Filling) 170.26 999.34 Gasoline Stage 1 Service Stations Balance Filling 123.23 723.31 Gasoline Stage II Service Stations 253.80 1489.72 Gasoline Tank Trucks in Transit 12.58 73.86 Gasoline UST Breathing and Emptying 192.41 1129.38 Total All Gasoline Distribution 752. 28 4415.59

### 28

3.2 A viation Gasoline Rhode Island used the emissions estimates developed by the EPA for emissions from aviation gasoline distribution for this emissions inventory . The methodologies used to calculate emissions for th is category are contained in the Documentatio n

. No emissions are listed for Bristol County since there are no airports in that country. The activity data used to calculate emissions for this category, the amount of aviation gasoline distributed , was obtained by the EPA from the “ Petroleum Supply An nual for designated Petroleum Administration Districts.” This amount was then allocated to the counties based on the landing an d takeoff data for general aviation flights in each county

. 2002 emissions from aviation gasoline distribution operations are as follows: Emissions from Stage 1 Aircraft Refueling (SCC 2501080050) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Kent 34.97 191.6 0 Newport 2.09 11.45 Providence 3.36 18.41 Washington 7.18 39.34 Statewide Total 47. 60 260.80 3.3 Portable Fuel Containers Rhode I slan d accepted the emissions estimates for portable fuel containers that were prepared by EPA and the MARAMA/MANE

-VU contractor MACTEC

. Emissions esti mates were calculated by applying an emissions factor to the number of residential housing units in each coun ty. An assumption was made that 46% of the household s had gas cans . 2002 emissions from portable fuel containers are as follows: Portable Fuel Containers (SCC 2 5010 603 00) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 53.34 300 Kent 173.95 960 Newport 87.64 4 80 Providence 648.72 3 , 560 Washington 127.71 720 Statewide Total 109 1 .36 6 , 020 3.4 Solvent U tilization EPA developed emission estimates for eleven nonpoint source categories: a rchitectural s urface coating , a utomobile refinishing, commercial and consumer p roducts, d ry cleaning , g raphic a rts, i ndustrial adhesives and sealants, i ndustrial s urface coating, pesticide a pplication, p rocess solvents, solvent cleaning, and traffic paints. The methodology used to estimate emissions for these categories is contained in the EPA report entitled “Solvent Mass Balance Approach for Estimating VOC Emissions from Eleven Point Source Categories ,” which can be found online at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2002inventory.html

.

### 29

Rhode Island used the EPA emissions estimates for all of these sources categories except commercial and consumer p roducts and d ry cleaning in the 2002 inventory. All drycleaners in the State were sent emission inventory forms , which were returned to the Office with actual solvent usage. These data are more accurate than the data contained in the EPA report and were therefore used for calculating emissions from drycleaners. Emission factors contained in the Documentation were used to calculate emissions from commercial and consumer products , to be consistent with other states in the region. Pounds of emissions per summer weekday for nonpoint sources were calculated using the default seasonal allocation contained in Volume 3, Chapter 4 of the EIIP

. For all categories except for architectural coating , the seasonal adjustment facto r was assumed to be 0.25 and the number of days of activity 5 days per week. For architectural coating , the seasonal activity factor is 0.33 and the number of activity days is 7. 2002 VOC emissions from industrial process chemical manufacturing, architectural coating, traffic marking, industrial adhesive and non

- point surface coating operations are summari zed in the following tables: Process Solvents (SCC 243 0000000 , 2440000000 , 2440000165, 2440000235, 2440000250, 2440000260, 2440000275, 2440000285, 2440000350, 2440000370, 2440000999) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 28.52 219.36 Kent 710.62 5466.29 Newport 5.40 41.50 Providence 1564.59 12035.32 Washington 95.57 735.16 Statewide Total 2404.69 18497.63 Architectural Coatings (SCC2401001000) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 69.32 497.30 Kent 253.85 1 , 821.10 Newport 141.34 1 , 013.96 Providence 794.25 5 , 697.88 Washington 156.14 1 , 120.13 Statewide Total 1 , 414.89 10 , 150.37 Au to Refinishing (SCC 2401005000) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 3.26 25.08 Kent 32.54 250.31 Newport 7.75 59.62 Providence 62.68 482.15 Washington 9.54 73.38 Statewide Total 115.78 890.54

### 30

Traffic Markings (SCC 2401008000) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Kent 34.19 263 Newport 1.11 8.53 Providence 23.50 180.77 Washington 0.81 6.15 Statewide Total 59.60 458.45 Industrial Adhesives (SCC 2440020000 ) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 23.90 183.85 Kent 58.29 448.38 Newport 10.64 81.85 Providence 454.95 3 , 499.62 Washington 75.33 579.46 Statewide Total 623.10 4, 793.11 Graphic Arts (SCC 2425000000 ) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 43.83 337.13 Kent 175.04 1346.43 Newport 93.72 720.89 Providence 908.55 6988.83 Washington 0.00 0.00 Statewide Total 1221.13 9393.28 Solvent cleaning (SCC 2415 1 00000 , 2415100385, 2415300000, 2415300370, 2415300385, 2420020370) County VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 21.91 168.56 Kent 102.48 788.28 Newport 37.06 285.06 Providence 289.24 2224.91 Washington 50.16 385.81 Statewide Total 500.84 3852.62

### 31

Nonpoint source surface coating VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Factory Finished Wood: SIC 2426 thru 242Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401015000) Bristol 0.10 0.74 Kent 0.90 6.92 Newport 0.48 3.69 Providence 7.60 58.48 Washington 19.46 149.70 Total 28.54 219.52 Wood Furniture: SIC 25Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 240102000) Bristol 0.00 0.00 Ke nt 0.00 0.00 Newport 1.11 8.51 Providence 0.00 0.00 Washington 0.32 2.47 Total 1.43 10.98 Metal Furniture: SIC 25Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401025000) Bristol 0.04 0.34 Kent 13.02 100.18 Newport 2.11 16.21 Providence 21.61 166.20 Wash ington 7.80 59.98 Total 44.58 342.91

### 32

Paper: SIC 26Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401030000) Bristol 0.73 5.61 Kent 19.21 147.77 Newport 0.09 0.70 Providence 115.60 889.27 Washington 1.47 11.27 Total 137.10 1054.63 Miscellaneous Finished Metals: SIC 34 - (341 + 3498)Total: All Solvent Types ( SCC 2401050000) Bristol 0.56 4.30 Kent 0.00 0.00 Newport 0.00 0.00 Providence 98.06 754.31 Washington 0.74 5.66 Total 99.36 764.27 Machinery and Equipment: SIC 35Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401055000) Bristol 0.00 0.00 Newport 0.00 0.00 Kent 1.56 12.00 Providence 18.90 145.40 Washington 3.05 23.45 Total 23.51 180.84 Electronic and Other Electrical: SIC 36 - 363Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401065000) Bristol 0.01 0.07 Ken t 3.11 23.92 Newport 0.63 4.86 Providence 29.93 230.24 Washington 2.80 21.52 Total 36.48 280.60

### 33

Motor Vehicles: SIC 371Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401070000) Bristol 0.03 0.20 Kent 0.05 0.38 Newport 0.03 0.25 Providence 12.57 96.71 Washington 0.01 0.05 Total 12.69 97.59 Marine: SIC 373Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401080000) Bristol 146.06 1123.54 Kent 0.84 6.45 Newport 85.50 657.68 Providence 15.72 120.90 Washington 2.72 20.96 Total 250.84 1 , 929.53 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401090000) Bristol 1.42 10.91 Kent 11.70 89.99 Newport 0.60 4.58 Providence 95.66 735.87 Washington 20.02 153.97 Total 129.39 995.32 Industrial Maintenance Coatings Total: All Solvent Types (SCC 2401100000) Bristol 0.29 2.26 Kent 30.37 233.61 Newport 0.09 0.69 Providence 47.62 366.32 Washington 2.87 22.06 Total 81.24 624.94 Other Special Purpose Coatings Total: All Solvent Types (SCC2401200000) Bristol 0.00 0.00 Kent 10.29 79.14 Newport 4 .92 37.82 Providence 38.65 297.30 Washington 6.91 53.19 Total 60.77 467.45

### 34

3.5 Commercial and Consumer Products Emissions from commercial and consumer products were calculated using the per capita emission factors contained in the Documentation . The following factors were used. Emission factor (lb/person) Adhesive and sealant products 0.52 Automotive Aftermarket 1.24 Coatings and Related products 0.95 FIFRA Regulated Prod ucts 1.69 Household Products 0.70 Miscellaneous 0.07 Personal Care Products 2.04 Seasonal activity was assumed to be uniform and the activity days were 7 days per week. VOC emissions from commercial and consumer products are summarized in th e following table: VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Ad hesive and sealant products (SCC 24600600000 ) Bristol 13.40 73.45 Kent 44.56 244.16 Newport 22.47 123.1 4 Providence 165.91 909.1 1 Washington 33.22 182.05 Total 279.57 1 , 531.9 1 Au tomotive A

ftermarket (SCC 2460400000) Bristol 31.75 173.95 Kent 105.54 578.29 Newport 53.23 291.6 5 Providence 392.96 2 , 153.19 Washington 78.69 431.18 Total 662.16 3 , 628.27 Coatings and Related products (SCC 2460500000) Bristol 24.36 133.4 9 Kent 80.99 443.76 Newport 40.84 223. 80 Providence 301.54 1 , 652.2 9 Washington 60.38 330.8 8 Total 508.12 2 , 784.22

### 35

FIFRA Regulated Products (SCC 2460800000) Bristol 43.33 237.4 1 Kent 144.04 789.2 5 Newport 72.64 398.03 Providence 536.30 2 , 938.64 Washington 10 7.40 588.47 Total 903.70 4 , 951.80 Household Products (SCC 2460200000) Bristol 18.04 98.86 Kent 59.98 328.6 7 Newport 30.25 165.75 Providence 223.33 1 , 223.74 Washington 44.72 245.0 6 Total 376.33 2 , 062.08 Miscellaneous (SCC2460900000) Bristo l 1.80 9.84 Kent 5.97 32. 70 Newport 3.01 16.49 Providence 22.22 121.7 5 Washington 4.45 24.38 Total 37.44 205.15 Personal Care Products (SCC2460100000) Bristol 52.31 286.6 5 Kent 173.91 952.9 3 Newport 87.71 480.58 Providence 647.52 3 , 548.07 Washington 129.67 710.51 Total 1091.12 5 , 978.74 Total all commercial/consumer products 3858.45 21 , 142.17

3.6 Cutback and Emulsified As phalt Emissions from cutback and emulsified asphal t were calculated following the methodology outlined in C hapter 17 of the EIIP document. Information on the amount of cutback and emulsified asphalt applied in the State was obtained from Hudson Asphalt. Hudson is the only supplier of these products in Rhode Island. They supplied the following information: Cutback A

sphalt Total Gallons used 2002 629,556 Gallons used for patch (June

-Aug) 6 , 060 Gallons MC3000 (June

-Aug) 706 Gallons MC3000SP (June

-August) 41 , 592 Gallons MC800SP (June

-August) 1 , 372

### 36

Emulsified As phalt Total Gallons used 2002 194,712 Gallons June

–August 89,518 All cutback asphalt used is medium cure with a density of 7.82 lbs/gallon and a diluents concentration of 35%. The density of emulsified asphalt is 8.3 lbs/gallon. From EPA guidance documents it was determined that 70% of the diluents would evaporate. Total emissions from cutback asphalt: Gallons used * density * percent diluent * % evaporation 629,556 gallons *7.82 lb/gal * 35% diluent * 70% evaporati on/ 2 , 000 lb/ton = 603 tons per year For emulsified asphalt the emission factor is 9.2 lbs/barrel (weight per barrel 350 lb)

. Total emissions from e mulsified asphalt 194,712 gallons*8.3 lb/gallon * 9.2lbVOC/350 lb asphalt/ 2000 lb/ton = 21.24 tons per year Summer weekday emissions were determined by assuming that cutback and emulsified are applied 5 days per week based on information obtained from Hudson Asphalt

. Asphalt use was apportioned to the counties according to population

. 2002 VOC emissions for cutback and emulsified asphalt are as follows: Cutback A

sphalt (SCC 2461021000) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 30.15 73.29 Kent 96.49 234.53 Newport 48.25 117.26 Providence 355.82 864.83 Washington 72.37 175.90 Statewide Total 603.08 1465. 81

Emulsified A

sphalt (SCC 2461022000) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 1.06 15.02 Kent 3.40 48.07 Newport 1.70 24.04 Providence 12.53 177.27 Washington 2.55 36.06 Statewide Total 21.24 300.47

### 37

Total All Asphalt County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) B ristol 31.21 88.31 Kent 99.89 282.60 Newport 49.95 141.30 Providence 368.35 1042.10 Washington 74.92 211.96 Statewide Total 624.32 1766.28 3.7 Dry cleaning Dry cleaning sources in the State use either perchloroethylene or Stoddard solvent as a cleaning solution. Dry cleaning sources are inventoried annually for solvent use. The majority of the drycleaners use perchloroethylene , which is a hazardous air pollutant but is not considered a VOC because of its low ph otochemical reactivity

. Therefore, o nly the emissions of Stoddard solvent are included in the VOC calculation for this source category . Only three facilities in the State used Stoddard solvent in 2002 . It was assumed that all Stoddard solvent purchased was emitted. To derive typical summer weekday emissions , data supplied by the facility on seasonal throughput and number of days operated during June

- August 2002 were used. The annual data were multiplied by the seasonal throughput and divided by the nu mber of days operated during the months of June through August to calculate average pounds per summer weekday. 2002 VOC emissions from dry cleaning operations are as follows:
County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Kent 8.10 58.90 Washington 3.50 25.47 Providence 0 .08 0.55 Statewide Total 11.68 84.92

### 38

3.8 Publicly Own ed Treatment Works ( POTWs) and Composting The MARAMA/MANE

-VU contractor EH Pechan developed an ammonia em i ssions inventory for POTWs and an ammonia and VOC inventory for composting operations

. These emissions estimates were accepted by Rhode Island for the 2002 inventory

. VOC emissions were calculated using an emission factor contained in the Documentation. Pechan obtained information on wastewater flow and biosolids generation from EPA’s Office of Wastewater Management, Envirofacts, and the New England Biosolids and Residuals Association. The emissions were allocated to the counties based on the location of the POTWs . The wastewater flow rates by county are: County Flow rate ( 10 6 gal ) Bristol 1 , 644.74 Kent 3 , 314.78 Newport 3 , 232.79 Providence 37 , 913.99 Washington 2 , 531.76 The ammonia e mission s factor for POTWs was obtained from the EH Pechan and Associates report entitled “ Estimating Ammonia Emissions from Anthropogenic Sources, Draft Final Report (April 2003). ” The VOC e mission factor was obtained from the Documentation

. The following emission factors were used : Process NH 3 (lb/10 6gal) VOC (lb/10 6 gal) POTW Wastewater Treatment (SCC 2630020010 ) 0.027 9.9 POTW B iosolids Process (SCC 2630020020) 0.146 n/a

2002 POTW e missions are summarized in the following tables: POTW Wastewater Treatment (SCC 2630020010) County NH 3 (tpy) VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 0.02 8.14 44.61 Kent 0.04 16.41 89.91 Newport 0.04 16.00 87.68 Providence 0.51 187.67 1 , 028.35 Washington 0.03 12.53 68.67 Statewide Total 0.66 240.76 1 , 319.22

### 39

POTW Biosolids Process (SCC 2630020020 ) County NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.12 Kent 0. 24 Newport 0.23 Providence 2.69 Washington 0.18 StatewideTotal 3.45 For composting facilities, Pechan obtained data from a document entitled “2000 Biocycle National Survey

– Solid Waste Composting Trends in the US” on the number of tons composted. Pechan derived e missions factors for mixed waste using South Coast Air Q uality Management District test data. The composti ng biosolid emission factor used is from the 2003 EH Pechan and Associates report entitled “ Estimating Emissions from Anthropogenic So urces
–Draft Report”

. The following data were used for Rhode Island : Tons of Composting Waste County Biosolid (tons) Mixed waste (tons) Bristol 3 , 093.67 4 , 658.41 Kent 10 , 284.62 15 , 486.46 Newport 5 , 186.74 7 , 810.13 Providence 38 , 293.21 57 , 661.45 Washi ngton 7 , 668.33 11 , 546.88 Composting Emissions Factors Process NH 3 (lb/ton) VOC (lb/ton ) Biosolids Composting (SCC 2680001000) 3.28 1.70
2002 emissions calculated for composting of biosolids and mixed waste in Rhode Island are summarized in the followi ng tables: Biosolids Composting (SCC 2680001000 ) County NH 3 (tpy) VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 5.07 2.63 14.24 Kent 16.87 8.74 47.35 Newport 8.51 4.41 23.88 Providence 62.80 32.55 176.31 Washington 12.58 6.52 35.31 StatewideTotal 105.82 54.85 297.09

### 40

Mixed Waste Composting (SCC 2680002000) County NH 3

(tpy) VOC

(tpy) VOC

(ppsd) Bristol 6.55 7.27 39.36 Kent 21.76 24.16 130.86 Newport 10.97 12.18 66.00 Providence 81.01 89.95 487.24 Washington 16.22 18.01 97.57 Total 136.51 151.57 821.03 3. 9 S mall Stationary Source Combustion EPA has developed an emissions inventory for residential, commercial/ institutional, and industrial combustion. To avoid double counting of emissions from industrial and commercial/institutional sources, the emissions from fuel combustion re ported in the point source section were subtracted from the EPA calculated emissions. The methodology used to calculate emissions is contained in the Documentation. The activity data were obtained from the Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration 2001 “State Energy Data Report” . For the nonresidential sector, fuel consumption was allocated to the counties based on County Business Patterns employment data in NAI CS codes 31

-33. For residential consumption , fuel was allocated to the counties based on population distribution. Pounds per summer day were determined using the seasonal activity factors in the EIIP. For residential combustion , the activity factor is 0 .08 with activity 7 days per week. For commercial/institutional combustion the factor is 0.15 with activity 6 days per week. Calculated 2002 emissions from small stationary source combustion sources , by fuel and source type, are displayed in the followin g tables: Non -point Commercial/ Institutional Coal Combustion (SCC2103001000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx (tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3

(tpy) Bristol 0.01 0.04 0.27 1.04 0.02 1.05 0.447 0.197 0.001 Kent 0.05 0.19 1. 35 5.19 0.090 5.22 2.227 0.978 0.005 Newport 0.02 0.08 0.63 2.42 0.042 2.42 1.030 0.453 0.002 Providence 0.17 0.65 4.96 19.08 0.33 19.13 8.154 3.583 0.017 Washington 0.03 0.12 0.79 3.04 0.05 3.06 1.304 0.573 0.003 Statewide Total 0.27 1.04 8.01 30.81 0 .53 30.87 13.162 5.784 0.0 02 8 Non -point Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Combustion (SCC 2 103004000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.11 0.42 6.31 24.27 1.58 13.97 0.7 5 0. 67 0.25 Kent 0.55 2.12 31.44 120.92 7.86 69.50 3. 74 3. 35 1.26 Newport 0.26 1.00 14.55 55.96 3.65 32.16 1. 73 1. 55 0 .58 Providence 2.03 7.81 115.15 442.88 28.79 254.54 1 3.70 12. 27 4.61 Washington 0.32 1.23 18.41 70.81 4.60 40.70 2. 19 1.96 0.74 Statewide Total 3.28 12.62 185.86 714.85 46.48 410.87 22.11 19.80 7.44

### 41

Non -point Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Combustion (SCC 103005000) No emissions for commercial/institutional residual oil combustion were reported in the EPA Documentation for no n point sources as all sources in this category were accounted for in the point source inventory. Non -point Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2 103006000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2. 5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.83 3.19 15.06 57.92 12.65 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.07 Kent 4.12 15.85 74.96 288.31 62.97 0.45 0.39 0.32 0.37 Newport 1.91 7.35 34.68 133.38 29.13 0.21 0.18 0.15 0.17 Providence 15.10 58.08 274.53 1055.88 230.60 1.65 1.43 1.18 1.35 Washington 2.41 9.27 43.90 168.85 36.88 0.26 0.23 0.19 0.22 Statewide Total 24.37 93.73 443.14 1704.38 372.24 2.66 2.30 1.91 2.18 Non -point Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Combustion (SCC 2103011000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) C O (tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.23 0.88 1.35 5.19 0.34 2.87 0.16 0.14 0.05 Kent 0.11 0.42 6.72 25.85 1.68 14.30 0.80 0.72 0.27 Newport 0.05 0.20 3.11 11.96 0.78 6.62 0.37 0.33 0.12 Providence 0.42 1.62 24.59 94.58 6.15 52.38 2.93 2.62 0.98 Washington 0.07 0.27 3.93 15.12 0.98 8.38 0.47 0.42 0.16 Statewide Total 0.67 2.58 39.70 152.69 9.92 84.56 4.72 4.23 1.58 Non -point Commercial/Institutional LPG Combustion (SCC 2103007000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO (tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.01 0.04 0.27 1.04 0.22 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.001 Kent 0.07 0.27 1.32 5.08 1.11 0.01 0.10 0.10 0.007 Newport 0.03 0.12 0.61 2.35 0.51 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.003 Providence 0.27 1.04 4.85 18.65 4 .06 0.03 0.37 0.37 0.024 Washington 0.04 0.15 0.78 3.00 0.65 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.004 Statewide Total 0.43 1.65 7.83 30.12 6.58 0.05 0.60 0.60 0.039 Non -point Residential Distillate Oil Combustion (SCC 2104004000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx

(ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2

(tpy) PM 10

(tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 2.37 4.12 61.05 106.17 16.96 144.49 8.07 7.23 Kent 7.92 13.77 203.65 354.17 56.57 481.98 26.93 24.10 Newport 5.72 9.95 147.17 255.95 40.88 348.30 19.46 17.42 Providence 22.80 39.65 586.28 1 019.62 162.85 1387.50 77.52 69.38 Washington 6.87 11.95 176.67 307.25 49.08 418.12 23.36 20.91 Statewide Total 45.69 79.46 1174.82 2043.17 326.34 2780.39 155.34 139.02

### 42

Residential LPG Combustion (SCC 2104007000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 0.07 0.12 1.23 2.14 0.52 0.0 1 0.10 0.10 Kent 0.31 0.54 5.23 9.10 2.23 0.03 0.42 0.42 Newport 0.26 0.45 4.45 7.74 1.90 0.03 0.36 0.36 Providence 1.55 2.70 26.53 46.14 11.29 0.17 2.15 2.15 Was hington 0. 60 1.04 10.21 17.76 4.35 0.07 0.83 0.83 Statewide Total 2.79 4.85 47.66 82.89 20.28 0.30 3.85 3.85

Residential Kerosene Combustion (SCC 2104011000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) B ristol 0.05 0.09 1.22 2.12 0.34 2.90 0.16 0.15 Kent 0.16 0.28 4.08 7.10 1.13 9.66 0.54 0.48 Newport 0.12 0.21 2.95 5.13 0.82 6.98 0.39 0.35 Providence 0.46 0.80 11.75 20.43 3.26 27.80 1.55 1.39 Washington 0.14 0.24 3.54 6.16 0.98 8.38 0.47 0.42 Statewide Total 0.92 1.60 23.54 40.94 6.54 55.70 3.11 2.79

Residential Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2104006000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 2.25 3.91 38.39 66.77 16.34 0.25 3.10 3. 10 Kent 8.40 14.61 143.61 249.76 61.11 0.92 11.61 11.61 Newport 2.28 3.97 39.04 67.90 16.61 0.25 3.16 3.16 Providence 35.23 61.27 602.17 1047.25 256.24 3.84 48.69 48.69 Washington 3.13 5.44 53.55 93.13 22.79 0.34 4.33 4.33 Statewide Total 51.30 89 .22 876.77 1524.82 373.09 5.60 70.89 70.89

Total all Non -point Stationary Source Combustion County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx

(ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2

(tpy) PM 10

(tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 5.93 12.82 125.15 266.66 48.97 165.63 12.89 11 .67 0.35 Kent 21.69 48.05 472.36 1065.47 194.75 582.07 46.76 42.08 1.78 Newport 10.65 23.32 247.19 542.79 94.32 396.97 26.73 23.82 0.82 Providence 78.03 173.61 1650.81 3764.52 703.57 1747.04 156.49 141.63 6.52 Washington 13.61 29.72 311.78 685.1 12 0.36 479.32 33.24 29.69 1.05 Statewide Total 129.72 286.75 2807.33 6324.65 1162 3371 276.08 248.87 10.52

### 43

3.10 Residential Wood Combustio n Rhode Island accepted emissions estimates for this category that were prepared by MARARAMA/MANE

-VU contractors EH Pechan and OMNI Environmental Services

. Emissions were calculated based on a survey done by Pechan. The inventory includes emissions from both indoor and outdoor residential wood burning equipment . Rhode Island ’ s emissions from these sources are presented in the following tables:

Outdoo r wood burning equipment (SCC2104008070 ) County VOC

(tpy) VOC

(ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 36.97 156.29 0.42 1.77 40.78 0.06 5.59 5.59 0.29 Kent 140.17 593.50 1.59 6.74 154.61 0.24 21.18 21.18 1.10 Newport 84.64 356.09 0.96 4.04 93.36 0.15 12.79 12.79 0.67 Providence 487.98 1 , 953.64 5.54 22.18 538.27 0.85 73.73 73.73 3.84 Washington 135.22 585.48 1.54 6 .65 149.15 0.24 20.43 20.43 1.06 Statewide Total 884.98 3645 .00 10.05 41.38 976.17 1.54 133.72 133.72 6.96 Indoor Wood Burning Equipment (SCC 2104008000) County VOC

(tpy) VOC

(ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2

(tpy) PM 10

(tpy) PM 2.5

(tpy) NH 3

(tpy) Bristol 93.10 26.31 7.76 2.19 452.63 0.96 89.70 89.70 4.64 Kent 310.23 87.67 26.49 7.49 1 , 527.93 3.47 301.96 301.96 15.69 Newport 156.42 44.21 12.99 3.67 756.74 1.64 148.92 148.92 7.72 Providence 699.64 197.72 59.38 16.78 3 , 435.15 7.65 679.49 679. 49 35.26 Washington 295.60 83.54 27.39 7.74 1 , 522.55 4.28 297.93 297.93 15.69 Statewide Total 1554.99 439.45 134.01 37.87 7695 .00 18 .00 1518 .00 1518 .00 79 .00

Total All Wood Burning County VOC

(tpy) VOC

(ppsd ) N Ox

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 130.07 182.60 8.18 3.96 493.41 1.02 95.29 95.29 4.93 Kent 450.40 681.17 28.08 14.23 1 , 682.54 3.71 323.14 323.14 16.79 Newport 241.06 400.29 13.95 7.71 850.10 1.79 161.71 161.71 8.39 Providence 1 , 187.62 2 , 151.36 64.92 38.96 3 , 973.42 8.50 753.22 753.22 39.10 Washington 430.82 669.02 28.93 14.39 1 , 671.70 4.52 318.36 318.36 16.75 Statewide total 2 , 440 4, 084 144 79 8 , 671 20 1 , 652 1 , 652 86

### 44

3. 11 Commercial Cooking Rh ode Island accepted the emissions inventory EPA developed for commercial cooking. The methodology used is contained in the Documentation

. Commercial cooking emission s were estimated f or five source categories; chain driven char broilers , under

- fired ch ar broilers , flat griddles, clamshell griddles and deep fat fryers. Activity data used for all but deep fat frying of French fries was obtained from survey data contained in a Public Research Institute report on charbroil activity in the State of Californ ia. For deep fat frying of French fries the activity data, mass of frozen potatoes sold, was obtained from the US Department of Agriculture. The emissions factors used were obtained from the EPA report entitled “Methods for Developing a National Inventor y for Commercial Cooking Processes: Technical Memorandum .” Emissions were allocated to the counties using the number of restaurants in Dun and Bradstreet industry classifications that use commercial cooking equipment. Emissions estimates for criteria pollutants from commercial cooking operations are summarized below. Emissions from chain -driven char broilers (SCC 2302002100) County CO(tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 1.27 1.52 1.47 0.38 2.08 Kent 4.66 5.58 5.41 1.40 7.67 Newpo rt 3.17 3.79 3.67 0.95 5.21 Providence 15.18 18.16 17.61 4.54 24.88 Washington 4.07 4.87 4.72 1.22 6.68 Statewide Total 28.34 33.92 32.88 8.49 46.52 Emissions from under- fired char broilers (SCC 2302002200) County CO(tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 4.06 10.35 10.00 1.24 6.79 Kent 15.37 39.18 37.88 4.70 25.75 Newport 11.03 28.12 27.18 3.37 18.47 Providence 48.74 124.22 120.08 14.90 81.64 Washington 13.17 33.57 32.45 4.03 22.08 Statewide Total 92.38 235.43 227.59 28.24 154. 74 Emissions from flat griddles (SCC 2302003000) County VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) Bristol 0.20 1.10 Kent 0.74 4.05 Newport 0.56 3.07 Providence 2.35 12.88 Washington 0.65 3.56 Statewide Total 4.49 24.60

### 45

Emissions from clamshell griddles (SCC 23020031 00) County CO(tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 0.34 2.73 2.07 0.16 0.88 Kent 1.28 10.33 7.85 0.62 3.40 Newport 0.87 7.02 5.33 0.42 2.30 Providence 4.06 32.83 24.95 1.97 10.79 Washington 1.09 8.84 6.72 0.53 2.90 Statewide Total 7.64 61.75 46.93 3.70 20.27 Emissions from deep fat fryers (SCC 2302003200) County PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) VOC (tpy) VOC(ppsd) Bristol 0.18 0.15 0.01 0.05 Kent 0.64 0.55 0.02 0.11 Newport 0.48 0.41 0.02 0.11 Providence 2.13 1.80 0.08 0.44 Washington 0.56 0.47 0.02 0.11 Statewide Total 4..00 3.38 0.14 0.77 Total Emission s from All Commercial Cooking County CO ( tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) VOC

(tpy) VOC

(ppsd) Bristol 5.67 14.75 13.55 1.99 10.91 Kent 21.31 55.64 51.16 7.48 40.95 Newport 15.07 3 9.34 36.2 5.32 29.13 Providence 67.98 177.01 162.72 23.84 130.61 Washington 18.33 47.75 43.91 6.45 35.31 Statewide Total 128.36 334.48 307.54 45.06 246.91 3.1 2 Ag ricultural Tilling Rhode Island accepted the inventory that EPA developed for agricultural tilling. The methodology used is contained in the Documentation. 2002 P M 10 and PM 2.5 emissions were grown from 1998 emissions . The 1998 emissions were calculated using a database purchased by EPA from the Conservation Technology Information Center at Purdue University which contained county level data on the number of acres planted by type of tilling and crop type. Data were grown to 2002 using national level data on the number of acres tilled by tillin g type. 2002 emissions from agricultural tilling calculated for Rhode Island are as follows:

### 46

Ag ricultural Tilling SCC 2801000003 County PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 3.42 0.68 Kent 4.92 0.98 Newport 29.75 5.95 Providence 10.18 2.04 Washington 45. 89 9.18 Statewide Total 94.15 18.83 3.1 3 Paved and Unpaved Roads Rhode Island accepted emissions estimates for paved and unpaved roads that were prepared by EPA and the MARAMA/MANE

-VU contractor EH Pecha n. MARAMA/MANE

-VU developed calculation sheets for this category which can be found online at: http://www.marama.org/visibility/Calculation_Sheets/index.htm

. Emissions are estimated as a function of vehicle miles traveled by county, type of road and precipitation. 2002 emissions calculated for Rhode Island from this category are as follows: Emissions from paved roads (SCC 2294000000) County PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 130.4 18.57 Kent 457.3 65.08 Newport 322.5 48.74 Providence 1687.3 240.51 Was hington 546.03 79.62 Statewide Total 3143.53 452.52 Emissions from Unpaved roads (SCC 2296000000) County PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 1.13 0.17 Kent 67.61 10.11 Newport 53.63 8.02 Providence 208.04 31.10 Washington 215.47 32.21 Statewide Total 545.89 81.61 3.1 4 Construction 3.1 4 .1 Non -residential Construction Rhode Island accepted the inventory that EPA developed for non

- residential construction. Th e methodology used is contained in the Documentation. Emissions of PM 10 and PM 2.5 were estimated based on the number of acres disturbed for construction. The activity data, th e annual value of non

- residential construction, was obtained from the U S Departm ent of Commerce Bureau of

### 47

Census

. The national value was allocated to the counties using county level non

residential construction employment data obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and Dunn and Bradstreet. To estimate the number of acres disturbed by nonresidential construction, a conversion factor of 1.55 acres per million dollars was applied to the county level valuation data. Non

- residential construction emissions for 2002 for Rhode Island were calculated as follows: Non -residential Construction (SCC 2311020000) County PM 10 (tpy) P M 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 107.63 21.53 Kent 317.19 63 .44 Newport 247.06 49.41 Providence 815.1 163.02 Washington 588.97 117.79 Statewide Total 2 , 075.95 415.19 3.1 4 .2 Residential Construction Rhode I sland accepted the inventory that EPA developed for residential construction. The methodology used is contained in the Documentation. Emissions of PM 10 and PM 2.5 were estimated based on the number of acres distu rbed and the volume of soil excavated for residential construction. The activity data, number and type of housing units built , were obtained from the Bureau of Census. National data were allocated to the counties using permits by county data that were al so obtained from the Bureau of Census. Residential Construction (SCC 2311010000) County PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 4.22 0.84 Kent 13.36 2.67 Newport 9.87 1.97 Providence 36.09 7.22 Washington 30.20 6.04 Statewide Total 93.75 18.75

3.1 5 Fires/ Open Burning 3.1 5 .1 Structural Fires Rhode Island accepted the inventory that EPA developed for structural fires. The methodology used is contained in the Docum entation. 2002 emissions for this category in Rhode Island were:

### 48

Structural Fires (SCC 2810030000 ) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 0 .62 2.70 3.38 14.70 0 .08 0 .58 0. 53 Kent 2.05 8.91 11.18 48.61 0 .26 1.93 1.75 Newport 1.05 4.57 5.73 24.91 0 .13 0 .99 0 .90 Providence 7.26 31.57 39.61 172.22 0 .92 1.17 6.53 Washington 1.55 6.74 8.45 36.74 0 .20 1.43 1.3 0 StatewideTotal 12.53 54.48 68.35 297.17 1.59 6.1 0 11.01 3.1 5 .2 Residential Open Burning Rhode Island accepted emissions estimates for this category that were prepared by MARARAMA/MANE

-VU contractor EH Pechan. EH Pechan conducted a survey to obtain activity data on residential solid waste burning, residential leaf burning, residential brush burning and municipal yard waste burning for urban, suburban and rural areas. These activity data were applied to Rhode Island . Emissions are as follows: Residential Solid Waste Burning (SCC 261003000 0) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10

(tpy) P M 2.5

(tpy) Bristol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.01 Kent 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.19 0.00 0.04 0.04 Newport 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.11 0.25 0.00 0.06 0.05 Providence 0.03 0.16 0.05 0.27 0.68 0.01 0.15 0.14 Washington 0.40 2.17 0.57 3.10 8.07 0.10 1.77 1.62 Statewide Total 0.46 2.50 0.65 3.53 9.25 0.11 2.03 1.86 Residential leaf burning (SCC 2610000100) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) P M 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.06 0 0.01 0 0.22 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00 Kent 4.93 0 1.09 0 19.71 0.13 3.87 3.87 0.22 Newport 12.50 0 2.77 0 49.99 0.34 9.82 9.82 0.56 Providence 10.29 0 2.28 0 41.18 0.28 8.09 8.09 0.46 Washington 28.64 0 6.34 0 114.57 0.78 22.51 22.51 1.29 Statewide Total 56.42 0 12.49 0 225.68 1.53 44.33 44.33 2.54 Residential brush burning (SCC 2610000400 ) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx (tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) P M 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.04 0. 05 0.01 0.01 0.28 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 Kent 2.27 2.96 0.60 0.78 16.70 0.20 2.35 1.81 0.15 Newport 4.64 6.05 1.22 1.59 34.20 0.41 4.82 3.72 0.31 Providence 5.11 6.67 1.35 1.76 37.67 0.45 5.31 4.09 0.34 Washington 16.79 21.90 4.42 5.77 123.69 1.47 17.43 1 3.44 1.11 Statewide Total 28.85 37.63 7.59 9.90 212.55 2.52 29.95 23.09 1.91

### 49

Municipal yard waste burning (SCC 2610040400) County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx (tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) P M 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Kent 1.96 2.56 0.51 0.67 14.41 0.17 2.03 1.57 0.13 Newport 1.32 1.72 0.35 0.46 9.73 0.12 1.37 1.06 0.09 Providence 6.72 8.77 1.77 2.31 49.53 0.59 6.98 5.38 0.45 Washington 6.94 9.05 1.83 2.39 51.12 0.61 7.20 5.55 0.46 Statewi de Total 16.93 22.08 4.46 5.82 124.78 1.48 17.59 13.56 1.12
Total Residential Open Burning County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) P M 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.55 0 0.09 0.08 0 Kent 9.17 5. 57 2.21 1.50 51.01 0.5 8.29 7.29 0.5 Newport 18.47 7.83 4.36 2.16 94.17 0.87 16.07 14.65 0.96 Providence 22.15 15.59 5.45 4.34 129.06 1.33 20.53 17.7 1.25 Washington 52.77 33.13 13.16 11.25 297.45 2.96 48.91 43.12 2.86 Statewide Total 102.66 62.21 25.1 9 19.25 572.26 5.64 93.9 82.84 5.57 3.1 6 Nonpoint Ammonia Sources 3.1 6 .1 Agricultural Production Rhode I sland accepted the inventory that EPA developed for agricultural production

. The methodology used is contained in the EPA draft report entitled, “Ammonia Emissions from Animal Agricultural Operations,” April 2005. Ammonia emissions from this category are produced as a by product from the decompositio n of manure. Emissions from this category include total emissions from beef, poultry, dairy cattle, swine, goats, horses and sheep. Emissions are as follows : Agricultural Production (SCC’s 2805002000, 2805030000, 2805018000, 2805025000, 2805045000, 2805035000, 2805040000) County NH 3 (tons/year) Bristol 7.1 Kent 8.1 Newport 12.3 Providence 25.8 Washington 39.9 Statewide Total 93.2

### 50

3.16.2 Agricultural Fertilizer Application Rhode I sland accepted the inventory that EPA developed for agricultural fertilizer application

. EPA calculated emissions using version 3.6 of the Carnegie Mellon University ammonia model. Ag ricultural Fertilizer Application (SCC’s 2801700001 -10) County NH 3 (tons/year) Bristol 2.04 Kent 3.24 Newport 25.86 Providence 10.44 Washington 50.99 StatewideTotal 92.57 3.16.3 Industrial Refrigeration Rhode Island accepted emissions estimates for this category that were prepared by MARAMA/MANE

-VU contractor EH Pechan. Emissions are as follows: Industrial Refrigeration (SCC 23399010000) County NH 3 (tons/year) Bristol 3.435 Kent 15.945 Newport 6.075 Providence 59.07 Washington 7.125 Total 91.65

### 51

E missions from Nonpoint Sources are summarized in the tables below

. An nual VOC Emissions from Nonpoint Sources (tons ) Bristol Kent Newport Providence Washington State total Gasoline Distribution 24.45 133.07 52.78 434.51 107.61 752.4 Aviation Fuel 0 34 .97 2.09 3.36 7.18 47.6 Portable Fuel Containers 53.34 173.95 87.64 648.72 127.71 1091.4 Architectural and Industrial Maintenance Coatings 69.32 253.85 141.34 794.25 156.14 1414.9 Auto Refinishing 3.26 32.54 7.75 62.68 9.54 115.77 Traffic Markings 0 9. 5 4.79 35.37 7.08 59.6 Industrial Adhesives 23.9 58.29 10.64 454.95 75.33 623.11 Nonpoint Source Surface Coating 149.24 91.04 95.54 501.92 68.17 905.94 Surface Cleaning 21.91 102.48 37.06 289.24 50.16 500.84 Graphic Arts 43.83 175.04 93.72 908.55 0.00 1221.13 Process Solvents 28.52 710.62 5.40 1564.59 95.57 2404.69 Commercial Consumer products 184.99 614.98 310.15 2289.79 458.54 3858.5 Cutback and Emulsified Asphalt 31.21 99.89 49.95 368.34 74.92 624.32 Dry cleaning 0 8.1 0 0.08 3.5 11.68 Commercia l Cooking 1.99 7.47 5.32 23.84 6.44 45.06 Fires/Open Burning 0.1 9.17 18.47 22.15 52.77 102.66 Structural Fires 0.62 2.05 1.05 7.26 1.55 12.53 POTWs 8.14 16.41 16 187.67 12.53 240.75 Composting 9.9 32.9 16.59 122.5 24.53 206.42 Small Source Combustion 5.93 21.69 10.65 78.03 13.61 129.72 Wood Combustion 130 450 241 1188 431 2440 Total all Area Sources 790.65 3038 1207.9 9985.8 1783.88 16809

### 52

Daily VOC Emissions from Nonpoint Sources (pounds) Bristol Kent Newport Providence Washington State total G asoline Distribution 143.5 780.94 309.82 2550.39 631.61 4416.3 Aviation Fuel 0 191.6 11.45 18.41 39.34 260.8 Portable Fuel Containers 300 960 480 3560 720 6020 Architectural and Industrial Maintenance Coatings 497.3 1821.1 1014 5697.88 1120.13 10150 Au to Refinishing 25.08 250.31 59.62 482.15 73.38 890.54 Traffic Markings 0 263 8.53 180.77 6.15 458.45 Industrial Adhesives 183.85 448.38 81.85 3499.62 579.46 4793.2 Nonpoint Source Surface Coating 1148 688.35 746.99 3861 524.28 6968.6 Surface Cleaning 1 68.56 788.275 285.06 2224.91 385.812 3852.6 Graphic Arts 337.13 1346.43 720.89 6988.83 0 9393.3 Process Solvents 219.36 5466.29 41.501 12035.3 735.162 18498 Commercial Consumer products 1013.6 3369.76 1699.4 12546.8 2512.53 21142 Cutback and Emulsified Asphalt 88.31 282.6 141.3 1042.1 211.96 1766.3 Dry cleaning 0 58.9 0 0.55 25.47 84.92 Commercial Cooking 10.91 40.95 29.13 130.61 35.31 246.91 Fires/Open Burning 0.05 5.57 7.83 15.59 33.13 62.17 Structural Fires 2.7 8.91 4.57 31.57 6.74 54.49 POTWs 44.61 89.91 87.68 1028.35 68.67 1319.2 Composting 53.6 178.21 89.88 663.55 132.88 1118.1 Small Source Combustion 12.82 48.05 23.32 173.61 29.72 287.52 Wood Combustion 182.6 681.17 400.29 2151.36 669.02 4084.4 Total all Area Sources 4432 17768.7 6243.1 58883.4 8540.75 95868

### 53 Statewide Annual Nonpoint Source VOC Emissions

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

Ga soline Distribution

Av iation Fuel Portable Fuel Containers Architectural a

nd Industrial Maintenace Coatings

Auto Refinishing Traffic Markings Industrial Adhesives Nonpoint source Surface Coating

Surface Cleaning

Graphic Arts Process Solvents Commercial Consumer products Cutback and Emusified Asphalt

Drycleaning Commercial Cooking Fires/Open Burning

Structural Fires

PO TWs Composting Small Source Combustion

Wood Combustiontons/year

### 54 Nonpoint Source VOC Emissions

Bristol 5%

Kent

18%

Newport

7%

Providence 59% Washington 11%

### 55

3

. 1 7 Biogenic Sources EPA calculated county level biogenic emissions for each entire country using the BEIS3.12 model

. Rhode Island accepted these emissions , which are as follows: Bi ogenic Emissions County VOC

(tons/year) NOx

(tons/year) VOC

(ppsd) NOx

(ppsd) CO

(tons/year) Bristol 1 , 852.2 30.97 24,978 269.50 221.25 Kent 3 , 681.8 30.60 51,050 269.17 391.54 Newport 1 , 777.6 31.48 23,616 269.00 222.47 Providence 5 , 170.3 33.62 71,692 298.80 554.32 Washington 5 , 638.0 31.82 77,247 267.24 535.54 Total 18 ,120. 158.49 248,582 1373.72 1925.13

### 63 4 .0 Mobile Sources The Rhode Island 2002 Periodic Emissions Inventory of Mobile Sources is divided into five categories: non - road sources, aircraft, commercial marine vessels, locomotives and on

- road vehicles. Emissions were calculated following the methodologies outlined in the EPA document “Procedures for Emissions Inventory Preparation Volume IV, M obile Sources ” and the “Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessels, Locomotives and other Non

- road Components of the National Emissions Inventory, Volume 1, Methodology,” prepared by EH Pechan and Associates, September 2005. These documents p rovided guidance on how to identify sources, estimate emissions and establish a mobile source emissions inventory. 4 .1 Non -Road Sources Emissions from non

- road engines were calculated using the EPA Nonroad E mission model, core model version 2005a, February 2006 The recently revised non

- road model predicts emissions generated from more than 80 basic and 260 specific types of equipment. Typically equipment in this category includes recreational vehicles, loggin g equipment, tractors, construction equipment, residential/commercial lawn garden and water pleasure craft. The model does not predict emissions from commercial marine vessels, locomotives or aircraft. Emissions from airport ground service equipment are included in the aircraft section of this report. Default values for year 2002 used in the model include RFG

–Phase 2; RVP

–6.8; oxygen 2.0%; gasoline sulfur 0.030%; diesel sulfur 0.33%; stage two control 85%; min temp 60 F; max temp 88 F; avg temp 75F. 2 The ammonia emissions (NH 3 ) were calculated by obtaining the diesel fuel and gasoline consumption quantity generated from the non

- road model for year 2002

. Using an emission factor of 83.3 mg/gal for diesel fuel and 116 mg/gal for gasoline fuel then add i ng together results yields the ton/year emission. An example calculation as follows: Statewide : gasoline fuel use 17,535,720 gallons/year x 116 mg/gal

- NH 3 /1000 mg/gm / 454 gm/lb / 2000 lb/ton = 2.2 ton/yr diesel fuel use 1 9,610,415 g allons/year x 8 3.3 mg/gal

- NH 3 /1000 mg/gm / 454 gm/lb / 2000 lb/ton = 1.8 ton/yr Total NH 3 Emissions 2.2 gasoline + 1.8 diesel = 4.0 tpy

### 63

Emissions from the Nonroad model are summarized in the table below.
Non -road Emissions Summary Table VOC VOC NOx NOx SO2 CO PM 2.5 PRI Bristol County (tpy) (ppsd) (tpy) (ppsd) (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT 0.21 2.00 1.45 14.60 0.21 1.51 0.18 COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT 26.98 167.20 17.14 108.60 1.78 547.71 1.46 CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT 20.53 151.80 111.84 832.40 18.40 158.55 11.04 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 17.69 111.00 72.89 455.40 4.29 274.83 2.55 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (COM) 77.91 615.40 12.51 117.60 1.00 970.21 2.66 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (RES) 68.66 397.40 4.96 32.80 0.25 645.19 0.83 LOGGING EQUIPMEN T 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 PLEASURE CRAFT 388.13 2043.00 24.79 129.20 1.95 748.75 5.89 RAILROAD EQUIPMENT 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 RECREATIONAL EQUIPMENT 20.46 139.40 1.73 12.00 0.13 210.97 0.54 Total Bristol County 620.57 3627.20 247.31 1702.60 28.00 3557.70 25.16 Kent County AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT 0.40 4.00 2.77 28.00 0.41 2.87 0.34 COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT 136.35 844.80 86.61 549.20 8.97 2768.40 7.39 CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT 32.92 243.40 179.29 1334.20 29. 50 254.15 17.70 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 63.53 399.20 260.67 1630.80 15.01 991.21 8.90 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (COM) 367.54 2994.60 60.42 573.20 4.82 4650.47 12.64 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (RES) 244.69 1416.00 17.68 117.00 0.87 2299.21 2.96 LOGGING EQUI PMENT 1.58 10.00 2.56 16.20 0.47 9.41 0.26 PLEASURE CRAFT 344.80 1814.80 21.25 110.80 1.67 658.73 5.24 RAILROAD EQUIPMENT 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 RECREATIONAL EQUIPMENT 62.42 425.40 5.53 38.40 0.39 684.78 1.64 Total Kent County 1254.22 8152. 20 636.79 4397.80 62.10 12319.24 57.06 Newport County AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT 1.22 12.20 8.50 86.00 1.25 8.82 1.03 COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT 48.55 300.80 30.84 195.60 3.19 985.87 2.63 CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT 34.98 258.60 190.54 1418 .00 31.35 270.10 18.82 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 22.54 141.20 94.14 585.80 5.95 348.63 3.53 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (COM) 215.57 1775.80 35.74 340.00 2.85 2743.23 7.43 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (RES) 137.56 796.00 9.94 65.80 0.49 1292.58 1.66

### 64

Newport Coun ty(cont.) VOC VOC NOx NOx SO2 CO PM 2.5 PRI (tpy) (ppsd) (tpy) (ppsd) (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) LOGGING EQUIPMENT 0.03 0.20 0.04 0.20 0.01 0.16 0.00 PLEASURE CRAFT 1580.29 8323.00 128.07 667.20 10.04 3274.19 24.00 RAILROAD EQUIPMENT 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0. 00 0.00 RECREATIONAL EQUIPMENT 10.41 71.40 3.22 22.40 0.15 518.86 0.10 Total Newport County 2051.16 11679.20 501.02 3381.00 55.29 9442.44 59.21 Providence County AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT 0.98 9.80 6.84 69.40 1.01 7.10 0.83 COMMERCIAL EQU IPMENT 449.25 2783.40 285.38 1809.40 29.56 9121.79 24.35 CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT 160.42 1186.00 873.76 6502.20 143.75 1238.60 86.28 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 258.38 1624.80 1056.36 6616.00 59.65 4048.58 35.37 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (COM) 410.06 3340.80 67.41 639.60 5.38 5188.40 14.10 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (RES) 873.07 5052.20 63.09 417.20 3.11 8203.70 10.56 LOGGING EQUIPMENT 2.39 15.00 3.88 24.60 0.71 14.25 0.39 PLEASURE CRAFT 411.79 2167.00 22.74 118.40 1.79 764.75 6.25 RAILROAD EQUIPMEN T 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 RECREATIONAL EQUIPMENT 121.72 829.20 10.08 70.20 0.73 1213.91 3.25 Total Providence County 2688.06 17008.20 2389.55 16267.00 245.69 29801.07 181.37 Washington County AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT 1.63 16.20 11.35 115.00 1.67 11.78 1.38 COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT 65.23 404.20 41.44 262.80 4.29 1324.45 3.54 CONSTRUCTION AND MINING EQUIPMENT 47.53 351.40 258.85 1926.20 42.59 366.94 25.56 INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 47.17 296.40 193.59 1211.00 11.15 735.88 6.62 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (COM) 264.69 2156.40 43.51 412.80 3.47 3349.04 9.10 LA WN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT (RES) 199.92 1156.80 14.45 95.60 0.71 1878.50 2.42 LOGGING EQUIPMENT 2.51 15.80 4.07 25.80 0.74 14.95 0.41 PLEASURE CRAFT 988.27 5210.40 112.83 587.80 8.82 23 19.88 15.02 RAILROAD EQUIPMENT 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 RECREATIONAL EQUIPMENT 229.91 1565.40 15.99 111.20 1.27 1753.29 6.37 Total Washington County 1846.84 11173.00 696.08 4748.20 74.72 11754.70 70.40 Statewide Total 8460.85 51639.80 4470.75 30496.60 465.80 66875.15 393.21

### 65

4.2 Aircraft
Aircraft e missions were obtained from a report prepared for the Rhode Island Airport Corporation (RIAC) entitled “Air Pollutant Emissions Inventories for B lock Island State Airport, Newport State Airport, North Central State Airport, Quon set State Airport, TF G reen State Airport, and Westerly State Airport” prepared by KB Environmental Services and Vanasse Hangen Bruslin Inc. The purpose of the report was to document the emissions associated with the six airports and provide accu rate data to RI DEM for incorporation into the SIP. The report included the emissions expected from the aircraft as well as the ground support equipment for each of the 6 airports. The report is attached in Attachment A. The emission s inventory was developed using the Federa l Aviation Administration (FAA) Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System (version 4.5) (EDMS) as recom m ended by EPA guidel i nes. The FAA model contains a database of aircraf t specific emission factors based on engine manufacturer, model and operational mode. Landing and Take Off ( LTO ) data was obtained from RIAC. The model allows the user to specify annual temperature, mixing height and aircraft operational mod e times. The ambient temperature used in the model was based on the 30

-year annual mean temperature in Providence Rhode Island of 50.4 degrees Fahrenheit. A mixing height of 2 , 226 feet was used , which is consistent with average afternoon conditions and i s based on the most recent five years of meteorological data from Providence, Rhode Island and Chatham , Massachusetts

. Aircraft operational times for takeoff, climbout and approach were based on EDMS default operating times. For Block Island, Newport, No rth Central, Quonset and Westerly state airport, the EDMS default taxi/idle and ground delay times were used. For TF Green Airport, operation al data developed for the d raft E nvironmental Impact Statement air quality assessment for the proposed runway exte nsion was used. To estimate pounds emitted per summer day, the model was run using actual LTO data.

### 66

Emissions from the 6 airports are summarized below. County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10

(tpy) PM 2.5

(tpy) Block Island 2 20 1 20 96 1 1 1 Newport 2 20 1 20 84 1 1 1 North Central 19 160 17 140 246 2 7 7 Quonset 20 160 32 260 71 3 5 5 TF Green 52 320 237 1500 411 23 6 6 Westerly 3 20 2 20 79 1 1 1 Total 98 700 290 1960 987 31 21 21

Total emissions from all aircraft by county are as follows :
County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2

(tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kent 52 320 237 1500 411 23 6 6 Newport 2 20 1 20 84 1 1 1 Providence 19 160 1 7 140 246 2 7 7 Washington 25 200 35 300 246 5 7 7 Total 98 700 290 1960 987 31 21 21

Emissions from g round service equip ment at the 6 airports are summarized below.
County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10

(tpy) PM 2.5

(tpy) Block Island 1 20 1 20 1 1 1 1 Newport 1 20 1 20 2 1 1 1 North Central 3 20 6 40 75 1 1 1 Quonset 4 40 10 80 95 1 1 1 TF Green 18 120 31 200 470 3 1 1 Westerly 1 20 1 20 6 1 1 1 Total 28 240 50 380 649 8 6 6

### 67

Total emissions from ground service equipment by county are as follows :
County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2

(tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kent 18 120 31 200 470 3 1 1 Newport 1 20 1 20 2 1 1 1 Providence 3 20 6 40 75 1 1 1 Washin gton 6 80 12 120 102 3 3 3 Total 28 240 50 380 649 8 6 6
Total emissions by county from all airport operations are as follows. County VOC

(tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2

(tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) Bristol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kent 70 440 268 1700 881 26 7 7 Newport 3 4 0 2 4 0 87 2 2 2 Providence 22 180 23 180 321 3 7 7 Washington 30 2 80 47 440 348 6 8 8 Total 125 940 340 2 360 1537 37 24 24

### 68

4 .3 Commercial Vessels Emissions for commercia l vessels were calculated using the fuel sales methodology described in EPA’s “Procedures for Emissions Inventory Preparation Volume IV, Mobile Sources (July, 1989)

. ” The amount of residual and distillate fuel used for vessel bunkering in 2002 was obtained from the Department of Energy’s “ Energy Information Administration Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales Report, 2002 ” . In 2002 , only distillate fuel was used. 9 , 002 ,000 gallons were reported for vessel bunkering. It was assumed, consistent with the mobile source guidance, that 75% of the d istillate fuel was used in port . T he Port of Providence , located in P rovidence County, is the only major port in Rhode Island where vessel bunkering occurs

. The following emission factors were used :

l b/10 3 gal VOC 50 NOx 270 PM 10 40.66 PM 2.5 37.4 CO 110 SO 2 27 Emissions from distillate fuel used in port were calculated as follows: 9002 * 10 3 gallons x 0.75 x 50 lbs VOC / 10 3 gallon s/ 2000 lbs/ton = 169 tons VOC /yr The number of commercial vessels using Rhode Island ports is considered to be consistent throughout the year. Emissions for a typical summer day were calculated by dividing the total emissions for 2002 by 365 days. C ommercial vessel distillate fuel (SCC 2280002000) Pollutant Emissions (tpy) Emiss ions (ppsd) CO 371 2,035 VOC 169 924 NOx 911 4,994 SO 2 91.14 499 PM 10 137 752 PM 2.5 126 692

### 69

4 .4 Locomotives Emissions for locomotives were calculated following the methodology contained in the MARAMA/MANE

-VU “Locomotive Mobile Source Category Calculation Methodology Sheet.” The methodology requires the amount of fuel used by locomotives in Rhode Island. F uel use data were obtained by contacting the four rail lines that operate in Rhode Island, Providence & Worceste r (P&W) , Amtrak , MBTA and Seaview Transportation. Amtrak operates the commuter rail and M etroliner in Rhode Island with diesel line haul locomotive engines. Amtrak/MBTA provided information that approximately 600,000 gallons of diesel fuel were used in the year 2002. Emissions were apportioned to the counties based on the track miles in each county. From Amtrak maps it was determined that there are 52 miles of track used by Amtrak in Rhode I sland . Of the 52 miles, 10 miles (19.2%) are in Kent County, 18 miles (34.6%) are in Providence County and 24 miles (46.2%) are in Washington County. No Amtrak lines operate in Bristol and Newport Counties

. P&W Railroad , an interstate freight carrier, al so operates diesel line haul locomotives. P&W estimated that 100,000 gallons of fuel were consumed during 2002 by locomotives which operated in Rhode I sland

. The emissions from P&W were apportioned to the counties based o n the track miles P&W utilizes in each county. Based on the information provided by P&W , P&W u ses 83.04 total miles of track in Rhode Island ; 12 (14.5%) are in Kent County, 41.24 (49.7%) are in Providence County and 29.8 (35.9%) are in Washington County. The P&W lines in Bristol and Newport Counties did not operate in 2002

. Seaview Transportation is a small switching operation located in Quonset Point/Davisville Industrial Park, Washington County. They provide goods to the park tenants using a 23

- mile internal rail system owned by the Rhode Island Economic Development Corporation. All locomotives at this facility are considered yard locomotives. During 2002 , Seaview used 8,975 gallons of diesel fuel oil. For Amtrak, MBTA and P &W , e missions were calculated by multiplying the amount of fuel consumed by the trains in the State by the appropriate line haul emission factor. No seasonal adjustment was used and the activity was determined to be 260 days/year. For Seaview Transportation , emissions were calculated by multiplying the amount of fuel consumed by Seaview by the appropriate yard emissio n factor. No seasonal adjustment was used and the activity was determined to be 260 days/year. The following emission factors use in MARAMA’s calculation methodology sheets were obtained from EPA’s “Emission Factors for Locomotives, Technical Highlights (December 1997).”

### 70

Pollutant Line Haul ( l b/gal) Yard (lb/gal) VOC 0.022 0.047 NOx 0.595 0.798 CO 0.059 0.084 SO 2 0.028 0.028 PM 10 0.015 0.020 PM 2.5 0.014 0.018
Emissions from locomotives are summarized in the following tables. Total emissi ons line haul (SCC2285002005)

VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5

(tpy) Bristol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Kent 1.43 11.00 38.59 296.85 3.83 1.82 0.97 0.91 Newport 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0 0.00 Providence 2.83 21.77 76.55 588.85 7.59 3.60 1.93 1.80 Washington 3.44 26.46 93.15 716.54 9.24 4.38 2.35 2.19 Statewide total 7.70 59.23 208.28 1 , 602.24 20.65 9.80 5.25 4.90 Total emissions yard engines (SCC2285002010)

VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5

(tpy) Bristol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Kent 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Newport 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Providence 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Washington 0.21 1.62 3.58 2 7.54 0.38 0.13 0.09 0.08 Statewide total 0.21 1.62 3.58 27.54 0.38 0.13 0.09 0.08 Total emission all rail lines

VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd) NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5

(tpy) Bristol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Kent 1.43 11.00 38.59 2 96.85 3.83 1.82 0.97 0.91 Newport 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Providence 2.83 21.77 76.55 588.85 7.59 3.60 1.93 1.80 Washington 3.66 2 8.08 96.73 744.08 9.61 4.51 2.44 2.27 Statewide total 7.91 60 .85 211.86 1 629.78 21.03 9.93 5.34 4.98

### 71

4 .5 On -road Mobile Sources On

- road mobile source emission factors were generated from EPA’s MOBILE6.2 model. The model estimates emission factors in grams per vehi cle mile by vehicle class and vehicle speed. Rhode Island Department of Transportation (RI DOT) supplied RI DEM with 2002 seasonally adjusted (July) average daily vehicle miles traveled (DVMT) data for 8 FHWA roadway classifications. Those data are derived from the State’s Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) network. The DVMT was apportioned to each roadway classification based on the number of vehicles in each of the classes. The Rhode Island Division of Motor Vehicles (RIDMV) provided RI DE M with a registration distribution. EPA reviewed the data provided by RIDMV comparing it to the default MOBILE6.2 vehicle mix and found that it is appropriate to use Rhode Island data for heavy

-duty gas vehicles and heavy

-duty diesel vehicles, but not for light duty gasoline trucks and light duty gasoline vehicles. The EPA analysis provided an adjusted DVMT mix for 2002 that was used in the model. These eight adjusted DVMT fractions were then entered into the MOBILE6.2 utility program which generated the 1 6 vehicle classifications needed for the input file The following inputs were included in the Rhode Island model run for typical summer day emissions: Rhode Island I/M program, Stage II refueling controls, national LEV credits starting in 1999, adjusted registration distribution file, reformulated fuel program, fuel RVP 6.8, min/max temp 67 & 88 and NLEV program. Average vehicle speeds by roadway classification were obtained from the Rhode Island Statewide Planning Program model. The reported speeds adjusted to account for the limitations of the MOBILE6.2 model are as follows:
Roadway Functional System Weighted Average Speed Weighted A verage Speed Rounded Rural Interstate 60.7 61 Other principal arterials 59.6 60 Minor arterial 48.7 49 Major collectors 44.1 44 Minor collectors 39.5 39 Local 20.0 20 Urban Interstates 47.3 47 Other freeways/expressways 43.9 44 Other principal arterials 29.6 30 Minor arterial 27.3 27 Collectors 23.1 23 Local 20.0 20 MOBILE6.2 input and output files are attached as Attachment B. Emission factors generated from MOBILE6.2 were multiplied by the DVMT for that roadway classification and vehicle class to determine emissions in grams per day. The gram per day emissions for the 12 roadway classifications were then summed and

### 72

converted to units of pounds per day emissions for each pollutant. Emissions for Stage II refueling were zeroed out as those emissions are accounted for in the non point stationary source portion of th is inventory. The following is a sum mary of statewide on - road emissions:

Pollutant Emissions ( ppsd ) CO 770 , 280 VOC 64 , 678 NOx 84 , 800 PM 2.5 1 , 480 PM 10 2 , 425 SO 2 3 , 081 NH 3 5 , 642 Annual emissions estimates were calculated by the EPA and obtained from the National Emissions Inventory. Annual emission estimation methodologies are contained in “Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile National Emissions Inventory,” September 2005, prepared by EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality and EH Pechan and Associates. Input files for DVMT, registration distribution, average speeds, I/M program and Stage 2 refueling program were provided to EPA for input to the model. Gasoline properties entered into the model were determined by the Eastern Research Group (ERG), under contract with EPA

. Temperatures used in the model were obtained from the National Climatic Data Center for each county.
DVMT data provided by the RIDOT are statewide. Emissions were apportioned to the counties based on population distribution.

Total On -Road Emiss ions by County

VOC (tpy) VOC (ppsd)_ NOx

(tpy) NOx (ppsd) CO

(tpy) SO 2 (tpy) PM 10 (tpy) PM 2.5 (tpy) NH 3 (tpy) Bristol 425 3,096 517 4,060 5,714 14 11 7 27 Kent 2,227 10,275 2,952 13,460 33,077 75 60 37 150 Newport 921 5,357 1,138 7,020 12,618 30 24 14 57 Providence 7,516 38,344 9,732 50,280 109,794 248 200 122 498 Washington 1,738 7,606 2,381 9,980 27,109 59 48 29 119 Statewide Total 12,827 64,678 16,720 84,800 188,312 426 343 209 851

### 62 Onroad VOC Emissions

Bristol 3%
Kent

17%

Newport

7%

Providence 59% Washington 14%

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Non -road Emissions Summary Table VOC VOC NOx NOx SOx CO PM 2.5 PRI PM 10 PRI NH 3 Bristol County (tpy) (ppsd) (tpy) (ppsd) (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) (tpy) Total small engines and recreational marine vessels 620.57 3627.20 247.31 1702.60 28.00 3557.70 25.16 n/a 0.24 Aircraft 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Marine Vessels, Commercial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Railroad Equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Bristol County 620.57 3627.20 247.31 1702.60 28.00 3557.70 25.16 0.00 0.24 Kent County Total small engines and recreational marine vessels 1254.22 8152.20 636.79 4397.80 62.10 12319.24 57.06 n/a 0.63 Aircraft 52 .00 440 .00 237 .00 1500 .00 23 .00 411 .00 6 .00 6 .00 n/a Marine Vessels, Commercial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 .00 Railroad Equipment 1.43 11.00 38.59 296.85 1.82 3.83 0.91 0.97 0.00 Total Kent County 1325.65 8603.20 943.38 6394.65 89.92 13204.07 64.97 6.97 0.63
Newport County Total small engines and recreational marine vessels 2051.16 11679 .20 501.02 3381.00 55.29 9442.44 59.21 n/a 0.65 Aircraft 2 .00 4 0 .00 1 .00 4 0 .00 1.00 84 .00 1 .00 1 .00 n/a Marine Vessels, Commercial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Railroad Equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Newpor

t County 2054.16 11 719 .20 503.02 342 1.00 57.29 9529.44 61.21 1.00 0.65 Providence County Total small engines and recreational marine vessels 2688.06 17008.20 2389.55 16267.00 245.69 29801.07 181.37 n/a 1.75 Aircraft 19 .00 1 80 .00 17 .0 0 140 .00 2 .00 246 .00 7 .00 7 .00 n/a Marine Vessels, Commercial 169 .00 924 .00 911 .00 4994 .00 91.14 371 .00 126 .00 137 .00 0.00 Railroad Equipment 2.83 21.77 76.55 588.9 3.6 7.59 1.80 1.93 0.00 Total Providence County 2881.89 18133.97 3400.10 22029.90 343.43 30500.66 316.17 145.93 1.75 Washington County Total small engines and recreational marine vessels 1846.84 11173.00 696.08 4748.20 74.72 11754.70 70.40 n/a 0.76 Aircraft 25 .00 2 80 .00 35 .00 420 .00 5 .00 246 .00 7 .00 7 .00 n/a Marine Vessels, Commercial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 Railroad Equipment 3.66 28.08 96.73 744.08 4.51 9.61 2.27 2.44 0.00 Total Washington County 1880.50 1148 1.08 839.81 5912 .28 85.23 12112.31 80.68 9.44 0.76 Statewide Total 8762.77 53564.65 5933.62 39460 .43 603.86 68904.18 548.20 4.04

### 64 Statew ide Nonroad VOC Emissions

Bristol 7%

Kent

15%

Newport 24% Providence 32% Washington 22%

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5.0 Quality A

ssurance/Quality C ontrol Qua lity control (QC) is a system of routine technical activities implemented by i nventory development personnel to ensure the quality of the inventory as it is being developed. The QC procedures used in the preparation of this inventory included the use of E PA approved emission estimation methodologies, technical reviews and data validations. These activities were included in inventory development planning, data collection and analysis, emission calculations and reporting. Quality assurance (QA) is a p lanned system of review and audit procedures conducted by personnel not actively involved in the inventory development process. The key concept of this component is independent, objective review by a third party to assess the effectiveness of the QC program and the completeness and accuracy of the inventory. Due to limited resources and staff within the Department , a QA program was not implemented, however QC procedures were followed throughout the inventory as detailed in this section of the inventory.

5.1 P urpose and Intention The purpose of the emissions inventory is to maintain an accurate record of point, nonpoint and mobile source air emissions. The emissions inventory plays an integral part in th e Office’s air quality improvement programs. The emissions inventory is used for:

- Enforcing and monitoring compliance with Rhode Island’s air regulations ;

- Supporting other air quality programs;

- Evaluating trends in air quality;

- Supporting the development of the State’s regulations;

- Supplying data for use in air quality models;

- Public i nformation requests

- Compliance d emonstrations;

- Operating permit fees 5.2 Roles and Responsibilities Ka ren Slattery, Principal Air Quality Specialist, coordinated the 2002 Emissions Inventory. Karen has been involved in inventory development since 1988. For the 1990 base year inventory she prepared the nonpoint and mobile source portions of the report. For subsequent inventories she has prepared the point source emissions and reported those data to EPA for major sources as required by the CERR. For the 2002 Emissions Inventory she performed all point source calculations and reviewed emission estimates su pplied by the facilities. For nonpoint sources she reviewed emissions estimated prepared by EPA and MARAMA/MANEVU. Detailed emissions estimation procedures are contained in the nonpoint source section. Karen also reviewed the mobile source section for completeness and consistency with prior year’s inventory. She is also responsible for preparation of the NEI files that are submitted to EPA via CDX.

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Ron ald Marcaccio , Senior Air Quality Specialist, has been with the Office for 27 years. He has worked i n the mobile source section for 8 years and prior to that worked as an air permit engineer and air inspector. He was responsible for the preparation of the on - road and non

- road mobile source inve ntory. He works closely with the Rhode Island Department of Transportation and the Department of Administration ’ s Division of Motor Vehicles to assure the mobile source data are as reasonable and accurate as possible. Jean Glanville, E nvironmental Q uality Technician has been with the agency for 20 years. She has worked on the inventory for 8 years. Her primary responsibilities include calculation of emissions from small point sources and mailing out of the annual emissions inventory. In her review of the small sources she determines if any source could potenti ally be a point source and refers potential point sources to Karen Slattery for further review. Paige Albro, data entry clerk, has been with the agency for 2 years. Her role in the inventory includes entry of all calculated emissions data into the state database and logging in the forms as they are received from the sources. Barbara Morin, Supervising Environmental Scientist reviewed the inventory report for completeness and consistency. The enforcement section of the Office of Air Resources routinely inspects Title V sources for permit compliance. During these inspections , staff engineers check for gross errors and omissions in the inventory reported. Any discrepancies they find are reported to Karen Slattery for further investigation.

5.3 Point Sources : Point source data collection activities for the 2002 base year inventory began in January 2003. An existing point source emission inventory, compiled for the 1990 base year and subsequently used to develo p 1996 and 1999 projection inventories , formed the starting point for the point source list. The inventory list is updated annually using information obtained from permit files, internet searches and local telephone directories

. Potential point sources identified by staff engineers during inspections were also added. Manufacturing sources known to use criteria or hazardous air pollutants and sources known to be major fuel users are included in the inventory. In total 600 sources were inventoried for the 2002 base year inventory. Rhode Island’s 2002 Point Source Inventory mailing was initially sent out in February 2003. Forms were due April 15, 2003, and those sources that had not returned their forms by that date were sent a second set of forms with a Letter of Noncompliance. All facilities whose forms were returned to the office by the US Postal Service marked undeliverable were contacted to verify mailing address. If the telephone

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number was no longer valid the source was removed from the invento ry and assumed to be no longer operating. Approximately 85 facilities did not return the inventory survey forms . Based on the type of industry and the number of employees at these sources, it was determined that the sources that did not return the forms would not have met the thresholds to be considered point sources. Emissions from these sources are accounted for in the nonpoint source portion of the inventory. After the survey forms we re received by the Office they we re logged into the Department data base and filed as either a point source or small source. For the point sources , emission statements we re reviewed to ensure that the correct emission factors we re used, that correct mass balance calculations were performed and that assumptions made based on process knowledge we re reasonable. In several cases , follow

- up telephone calls were made to ensure the accuracy of the data. After the emissions estimates were reviewed, they we re compared to the estimates for the previous year for data consistency. If there we re any large discrepancies , the company was contacted to verify the emissions. After verifying the data for each facility, the emissions of criteria and toxic air pollutants we re entered into the Department database by SCC process. The data from the State database was then used to develop NEI version 3 input files. These files were uploaded into the EPA system using CDX. Th ese data were extracted and summarized by the EPA and MARAMA/MANE

-VU contractor EH Pechan and Associates and sent to the State for review. Any discrepancies were resolved.
5.4 Nonpoint Sources: Due to staff limitations , the nonpoint inventory was largely developed using emission estimates prepared by EPA and MARAMA/MANE

-VU

. Fo r residential wood combustion, residential open burning, industrial refrigeration, POTWs (NH 3 ) and composting activities (NH 3 and VOC) , EH Pechan and Associates, under contract with MARAMA/MANE

-VU, developed emissions inventory estimates. Rhode Islan d participated in several workgroup conference calls concerning the development of those emissions estimates and accepted the m for use in the 2002 emissions inventory. QA procedures for those emissions estimates are specified in the reports prepared by Pechan. For cutback asphalt and dry cleaning , State inventory data were substituted for EPA data as the state had more accurate emissions estimates based on data supplied by the facilities. The cutback asphalt data were provided by Hudson Asphalts, the sol e provider in Rhode Island. After emissions estimates were prepared , that section of the report was sent to Hudson for review. Dry cleaning data were compared to the previous year’ s data for consistency. NEI files prepared by EPA were reviewed and edi ted as necessary to reflect the correct data for RI. The files were submitted to EPA via CDX. The EPA contractor EH Pechan and Associates reviewed the file and data issues were identified which were corrected by the state

.

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5.5 O n -Road Mobile Sources On

- road mobile source emission factors were generated from EPA’s MOBILE6.2 model. Rhode Island Department of Transportation (RI DOT) supplied RI DEM with 2002 seasonally adjusted (July) average daily veh icle miles traveled (DVMT) data for 8 FHWA roadway classifications. The DVMT was apportioned to each roadway classification based on the number of vehicles in each of the classes. The Rhode Island Division of Motor Vehicles (RIDMV) provided RI DEM with a registration distribution. EPA reviewed the data provided by RIDMV comparing it to the default MOBILE6.2 vehicle mix and found that it is appropriate to use Rhode Island data for heavy

-duty gas vehicles and heavy

-duty diesel vehicles, but not for light duty gasoline trucks and light duty gasoline vehicles. The EPA analysis provided an adjusted DVMT mix for 2002 that was used in the model. These eight adjusted DVMT fractions were then entered into the MOBILE6.2 utility program which generated the 16 vehicle classifications needed for the input file Average vehicle speeds by roadway classification were obtained from the Rhode Island Statewide Pl anning Program model and are consistent with previous emission inventories. Annual emissions estimates were calculated by EPA and obtained from the National Emissions Inventory. Input files for DVMT, registration distribution, average speeds, the I/M program and the Stage II refueling program were provided to EPA for input to the model. Gasoline properties entered into the model were determined by the Eastern Research Group (ERG), under contract with EPA. Temperatures used in the model were obtained from the National Climatic Data Center for each county. EPA generated emissions files from that which were upload ed to the NEI.

5.6 Non -Road Mobile Sources : N on - road emissions are prepared for various categories of small engines and aircraft, locomotives, and marine engines. The emissions are prepared for small en gines by use of EPA’s N ONROAD Model. In running the model the user must specify a modeling scenario by th e inventory year, geographic region (nation, state, county), time period (annual, seasonal, monthly, daily) and the equipment categories. For all oth er required variables, the NONROAD model provides default input values. In reviewing the defaults it was noted that the default value for pleasure craft was lower than the regi stration data obtained from the R IDEM’s Office of Boating and Safety. The nu mber of additional vessels was incorporated into the models vessel inventory population file. The NONROAD model was run without error and the emissions files generated were uploaded to the NEI using CDX. Locomotive and marine emissions estimates we re prepared in accordance with methodology in EPA’s Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources

. Draft e missions calculations were reviewed by Karen Slattery and changes were made to locomotive emission factors based on newer facto rs obtained

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from EPA’s “Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, Locomotive and Other Nonroad Components of the N ational Emissions Inventory,” September 30, 2005 and the MARAMA/MANE

-VU “Locomotive Mobile Source Category Calculation Methodology Sheet. ” . The d raft 2002 i nventory submitted earlier to the EPA for review contained commercial aircraft emissions calculated using an aircraft emissions model developed by for the Northeast Sates for Coordinated Air Use Management (NE SCAUM ) with LTO data obtained from RIAC After submitting the draft inventory, a detailed report of Rhode Island airport emissions was prepared by KB Environmental Services and Vanasse Hangen Bruslin Inc for RI AC. The report contained more detailed information on LTO’s by aircraft type than submitted in the draft inventory. The final inventory has been updated to reflect these data. The FAA database was used to calculate emissions in the study consistent with EPA Mobile guidance. Non

- road data were compiled for EPA i n NEI Version 3 format.