# Patent

## Title
Using lenses and lens arrays to enhance the appearance of people

## Abstract

A variety of applications of the integration of lenses and lens arrays into other materials such as packaging and clothing so as to enhance the appearance of objects such as merchandise and people are disclosed.

## Background
FIELD
The described technology relates generally to lenses and more particularly to the integration of louses with other materials to alter the appearance of people.
BACKGROUND
Clothing has the dual task of protecting the wearer from environmental hazards as well as enhancing the wearer's appearance. People often rely upon their clothing to provide Traditionally, clothing has included restrictive corseting to aid in the appearance of smaller waistlines and/or supportive members to lift sagging body parts. While effective, these corseting and support members are uncomfortable and may cause injury from extended wear due to restriction of blood flow and the like.
Thus, there is a need for clothing that enhances the appearance of the wearer without attendant discomfort or risk of injury. The technology disclosed below addresses this need.
SUMMARY
The novel technology relating to optically enhanced packaging is set forth, in the claims below, and the following is not in any way to limit, define or otherwise establish the scope of legal protection. In general terms, the described, technology relates to a variety of applications of lens arrays to alter and enhance the appearance of a variety of objects including people and merchandise.
One object of the novel technology is to provide improved clothing.
Further objects, embodiments, forms, benefits, aspects, features and advantages of the described technology may be obtained from the description, drawings, and claims provided herein.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of packaging according to one example of the novel technology.
FIG. 2 is a side view of packaging according to another example of the novel technology.
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of packaging according to still another example of the novel technology.
FIG. 4A is a perspective view of clothing without the benefit of the novel technology.
FIG. 4B is a perspective view of clothing the clothing of FIG. 4A including attached optics according to one example of the novel technology.
FIG. 5A is a front view of the clothing shown in FIG. 4A.
FIG. 5B is a rear view of the clothing shown in FIG. 4A.
FIG. 5C is a front view of the clothing shown in FIG. 4B.
FIG. 5D is a rear view of the clothing shown in FIG. 4B.
FIG. 6A is a front view of clothing with attached optics according to another embodiment of the novel technology.
FIG. 6B is a front view of the clothing of FIG. 6A with filter properties included in the optics.
FIG. 7A is a side view of the clothing shown in FIG. 6A.
FIG. 7B is a side view of the clothing shown in FIG. 6B.
FIG. 7C is a side view of the clothing of &A without the novel technology.
FIG. 8A is a front view of a belt according to one example of the novel technology.
FIG. 8B is an enlarged partial view of FIG. 8A.
FIG. 9 is a partial front view of clothing according to still another example of the novel technology.
FIG. 10 is a from view of clothing according to still a further example of the novel technology.
FIG. 11 A is a perspective view of a novel image shining lens according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11B is a side elevation view of the embodiment of FIG. 11A.
FIG. 11C is a top view of the lens of FIG. 11C.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the lens of FIG. 11A in use.
FIG. 13A is a perspective view of a novel lens according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13B is a top plan view of FIG. 13A.



DESCRIPTION
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the described technology and presenting its currently understood best mode of operation, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the described technology is thereby intended, with such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated device and such further applications of the principles of the described technology as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in die an to which the described technology relates.
The refractive properties of lenses have long been used to alter the appearance of objects. Refection can shift the apparent position of objects making them appear closer, more distant, larger, or smaller than they really are. Plastics and composite materials replacing traditional glass in lens production as well as design improvements, such as the Fresnel lens, thin film lenses and lenticular arrays, have led to the creation of thinner and lighter lenses. Newly developed metamaterials have been created that have a negative index of refraction. Metamaterials having a negative index of refraction still obey Snell's law, but light is refracted to the same side of normal, contrary to traditional refractive materials.
These and other advances in lens and optics technology have led to the opportunity for new applications of lenses and lens arrays. Packaging materials used in retail environments must often both protect the items being sold as well as display them in an attractive manner. The integration of one or more lenses or lens arrays with the packaging material would allow for the objects in the packaging to be displayed in a more desirable fashion. The packaging may be relatively small, such as a carton for eggs, or relatively large, such as the exterior of an automobile. Additionally, lenses or lens arrays incorporated into clothing such as shirts, belts, pants, hoots and the like would allow the wearer to alter the appearance of particular parts of the body. For example, clothing could be designed which narrows the appearance of the waist while enlarging the appearance of the chest or bust line. The disclosed technology provides a variety of applications of integrated of lenses and lens arrays so as to enhance the appearance of objects and people.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a packaging material 20 according to one example of the novel technology. In this particular example, packaging 20 comprises a top lid portion 22 and a bottom base portion 24 which are at least partially removably joined at a connecting portion 26. Top portion 22 and bottom portion 24 are generally hemispherically shaped in this particular example so as to form a plurality of spherical compartments 32 sized and configured so as to hold the object or objects to be stored and displayed. In other examples, top portion 22 and bottom portion 24 are generally square, rectangular, or some other shape so as to accommodate the size and shape of the object or objects to be displayed.
Top portion 22 further includes at least one lens portion 28 corresponding to each compartment 32. In this particular example, lens portion 28 is a convex lens sized and configured so as to magnify an object disposed within compartment 32. In other examples, lens portion 28 may be a concave, convex, lenticular array, prism, meniscus, Fresnel, negative Fresnel, or other type lens or may include a plurality of lenses of the same or different types. Further, the lens portion 28 may include a plurality of lenses arranged as an array or a series of stacked arrays. In still other examples, lens portion 28 is a lenticular lens array configured so as to shift the apparent location of objects within the compartment when viewed from a first particular direction but not when viewed from a second, typically orthogonal direction. In still other examples, lens portion 28 further includes a filter material 29 configured so as to allow particular wavelengths of light to pass through the filter while blocking other wavelengths. Optionally, top portion 22 excluding the lens portion may be transparent or opaque as desired and may be fabricated from plastic, glass, cardboard or other paper product, wood, metal, or any other suitable material. Lens portion 28 may be made of plastic, glass, composites, microfiber tubules filled with a refractive liquid, or any other suitable material or metamaterial having the combination of strength, weight, and refractive index able to produce the desired optical effect.
In this particular example, bottom portion 24 includes a retroflective material 30 which reflects light generally back along the incident light beam. In one example, the retroflective material may be positioned elsewhere (such as in the top portion 22) and/or may comprise an array of beads made of glass, plastic, or other suitable material. In another example, the retroflective material comprises reflective cube corners as is known in the art. Other retroflective materials may also be used, although none are required. Optionally, bottom portion 24 may be transparent or opaque as desired and may be fabricated from plastic, glass, cardboard or other paper product, wood, metal, or any other suitable material.
FIG. 2 shows a side view of a packaging material 40 according to another example of the described technology. In this particular example, packaging 40 comprises a top lid portion 42 and a bottom base portion 44 which are removably or hingedly joined at a connecting portions 46. Top portion 42 and bottom portion 44 are generally hemispherically shaped in this particular example so as to form a plurality of spherical compartments 52 sized and configured so as to hold the object or objects to be stored and displayed.
Top portion 42 further includes at least one lens portion 48. In this particular example, lens portion 48 is a convex or meniscus lens sized and configured so as to magnify an object disposed within compartment 52. In other examples, the lens portion 48 is a concave, Fresnel, or other type lens or lenses. In still other examples, lens portion 48 is a lenticular lens array configured so as to shift the apparent location of objects within the compartment when viewed, item a particular direction hut not when viewed from a second, generally orthogonal direction. In still other examples, lens portion 48 further includes a filter material.
In this particular example, bottom portion 44 includes at least one lens portion 50 corresponding to each compartment 52. In this particular example, lens portion 50 is a convex lens configured so as to magnify an object disposed within the compartment 52. Lens arrays 48, 50 may have the same or different magnification properties. For example, lens array 48 may have slight magnification properties so as to enhance the upper surface of the object disposed in the compartment while lens portion 50 has stronger magnification properties to allow for easier reading of an instruction label located on the bottom surface of the object. In another example, both lens arrays 48, 50 have generally equal powers of magnification so as to enhance viewing of a plurality of small objects disposed within the compartments. Optionally, top portion 42 and bottom portion 44 excluding lens portions 48, 56 may be transparent or opaque as desired and may be fabricated from plastic, glass, cardboard or other paper product, wood, metal, or any other suitable material. Lens portions 48, 56 are typically sized and configured so as to magnify objects disposed in the packaging material to a greater or lesser degree as desired.
A top plan view of still another example of packaging according to the disclosed technology is shown in FIG. 3. In this particular example, the packaging 60 includes a plurality of compartments 62, 68, 72, 76 which are sized and configured so as to accommodate merchandise 64 having a generally rectangular label 66 affixed to the surface of the merchandise. Compartment 62 does not include a lens portion so the label and merchandise is unmagnified. Compartment 68 includes a lens portion 70 sized and configured so as to magnify a portion of the label 66. Compartment 72 includes a lens portion 74 sized and configured so as to magnify a portion of the label 66 to a greater degree than lens portion 70. Compartment 76 includes a lens portion 78 sized and configured so as to magnify a portion of the label 66 to a greater degree than lens portion 74. In addition to magnification of labels, lens portions may also be sized and configured to display defects in objects disposed in die compartments. For example, an egg 82 disposed in a compartment 80 includes a crack 86 in the surface of the egg. The crack 86 is magnified by a lens portion 84 so the package with the defective product may be removed from the shelf before being purchased by a customer. Typically, the lens portion 70, 74, 78 of compartments 68, 72, 76 have substantially similar magnification capabilities. Optionally, packaging according to the novel technology includes display compartments having lens portions 70 with differing powers of magnification.
While the preceding paragraphs have described the packaging of goods and objects, lenses that are incorporated with clothing may be employed to alter the appearance of people either by enhancing desirable features or by minimizing undesirable features. The following examples describe applications which alter the appearance of particular parts of the wearer's body. These are for illustrative purposes only and it is understood that other examples of the novel technology may be used to alter the appearance of other portions of a wearer's body.
FIG. 4B is a perspective view of an article of clothing 100 according to one example of the described technology. In this particular example, clothing 100 includes a first lens array 102 and a second lens, array 104 positioned over separate parts of the wearer's 101 body. (FIGS. 4A, 5A and 5B illustrate the wearer 101 similarly clothed bat without the lens arrays 102, 104 for comparison). Lens arrays 102, 104 may include convex, concave, Fresnel, lenticular, and/or other suitable types of lenses to achieve the desired effect. In this particular example, lens array 102 comprises an array of lenticular lenses sized and configured so as to magnify the appearance of the wearer's bust line 114. Lens array 104 comprises an array of lenticular lenses sized and configured so as to shift the apparent position of the wearer's hips inward from their actual position, thereby minimizing the appearance of the wearer's hips.
As shown in FIG. 5, the apparent location 110 of the wearer's hip is shifted by lens array 104 from the actual location 112 of the wearer's hip, thereby giving the wearer a slimmer appearance. The lens array may 104 further include a filter material 105 configured so as to allow particular wavelengths of light to pass through the filter while blocking other wavelengths thereby altering the color of the clothing located under the lens array 104. Lens arrays 102, 104 may be affixed to the clothing 100 using thread, glue, adhesives, or other suitable means. Alternatively, lens arrays 102, 104 are removably mounted to clothing 100 such as by hooks, buttons, clasps, straps, spacers, hook-and-loop fasteners such as Velcro®, or other suitable mounting means. In other examples, lens arrays 102, 104 are mounted at a distance from the exterior surface 103 of the clothing so as to achieve and maintain a desired degree of focus.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are front views of an article of clothing 120 according to another example of the described technology. In these particular examples, clothing 120 includes a lens array 122 positioned over the wearer's 121 waist and stomach. Lens array 122 may include convex, concave, Fresnel, lenticular, prisms, or other suitable types of lenses to achieve the desired image-shifting effect it should be noted that some types of lenses, such as wedge prisms, penta prisms, right angle prisms, and retro-reflective prisms to not invert or reverse the image, and may be selected accordingly. In this particular example, lens array 122 comprises an array of lenses sized and configured so as to minimise the appearance of the wearer's waistline and stomach area. Lens array 122 may further include a filter to allow light to selectively pass therethrough, such as allowing generally orthogonally incident light to pass through more readily than light at more acute angles. In other words, as the lens array 122 is bent around the wearer 101, the sides of the array 122 become progressively darker, contributing to a slimming effect. The apparent location 120 of the wearer's waistline and flanks is shifted inward from its actual location 124 by retraction and/or nitration effects of the lens array 122, thereby giving the wearer 101 a slimmer appearance.
As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the apparent location 130 of the wearer's 101 stomach is shifted by lens array 122 from the actual location 128 of the wearer's 101 stomach, thereby giving the wearer 101 a slimmer-appearance. FIG. 7C is provided for comparison, showing the wearer 101 in a similar posture but without the lens array 122. In the example shown in FIG. 7B, the lens portion 122 further includes a filter material configured so as to allow particular wavelengths of light to pass through the biter while blocking other wavelengths thereby altering the color of the clothing located under the lens array 122. Lens array 122 may be affixed to the clothing 120 using thread, glue, adhesives, or other suitable means. Alternatively, lens array 122 is removably mounted to clothing 120 such as by hooks, buttons, clasps, straps, hook-and-loop fasteners such as Velcro®, or other suitable mounting means.
Still another example of an article of clothing according to the described technology is shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. In this example, a belt 140 includes two lens arrays 144, 145 disposed so they are positioned over the wearer's hips 142 when the belt is worn. Typically, a greater number of lens arrays are positioned around the belt such that the waist line appear diminished from all viewing angles, such as six or eight or ten such lens arrays generally evenly distributed around the belt. Lens arrays 144, 145 are configured and arranged so as to shift the apparent position 146 of the wearer's hips inward from their true position 142 so as to create the appearance of a narrower waist. Typically, the lenses 144, 145 are disposed at a distance from the wearer's body to further enhance the image and prevent distortion.
Yet another example of an article of clothing according to the described technology is shown in FIG. 9. In this example, a halter-top 150 includes a lens army 152 which is disposed so as to be positioned over the wearer's bust when the halter-top is worn. Lens array 152 is configured, and arranged so as to shift the apparent position 154 of the wearer's bust line from its actual position 156. The lens array 152 enhances the wearer's bust creating the appearance of larger, higher, and fuller breasts.
Still another example of an article of clothing according to the novel, technology is shown in FIG. 10. In this particular example, pants 160 include two lens arrays 162, 163 positioned over the wearer's legs. The lens arrays 162, 163 are configured and arranged so as to shift the image 166 of the wearer's legs 164 making the legs appear longer, and thereby, making the wearer appear taller. Likewise, the lens arrays 162, 163 may be positioned to optically shorten or lengthen any desired feature of the wearer, such as the nose, ears, lingers, legs, arms or the like.
FIGS. 11A-11C illustrate one particular image shifting lens 200 configuration of the present novel technology in greater detail. Lens 200 includes a generally rhombohedral or orthogonally parallelepiped portion 202 with a curved portion 204 extending therefrom. The carved portion 204 typically intersects the rhombohedral portion 202 at generally planar face 206 and includes a bottom generally planar face 208 extending orthogonally from face 206. Curved portion 204 also includes curved surface 210 extending between the planar feces 206, 208. When an image 212 is viewed through lens 200 in a direction orthogonal to the bottom face 208, the portion of the image 212 viewed through the rhombohedral portion 202 remains unshifted, while the portion of the image 212 viewed through the curved portion 204 is shifted away from the rhombohedral portion 202. A practical application of the lens 200 is illustrated as FIG. 12, in which a portion 214 of aft ear 210 is optically shifted towards the subject's head, thus making the ear 216 appear smaller.
FIGS. 13A-13B illustrate another example of an image-shifting ions 250 of the present novel technology. Lens 250 has the general shape of a flattened partial cylinder, as if a cylinder 254 were sectioned by a plane 252 cutting therethrough parallel to its major axis 250 and positioned between the major axis 256 and its surface 258 and defining the bottom portion 252 of the lens 250. The lens 250 magnifies images generally felling along the direction of the major axis 256 when viewed therethrough (see FIG. 13B) and shifts images generally oriented perpendicular to the direction of the major axis 256 when viewed therethrough (see FIG. 13A).
While the described technology has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character. It is understood that the embodiments have been shown and described in the foregoing specification in satisfaction of the best mode and enablement requirements. It is understood that one of ordinary skill in the art could readily make a nigh-infinite number of insubstantial changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments and that it would be impractical to attempt to describe all such embodiment variations in the present specification. Accordingly, it is understood that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the described technology are desired to be protected.

## Claims

1. An article of clothing for enhancing the appearance of a wearer, comprising:
an inner surface which faces the wearer and an outer surface; and
at least one generally transparent lens portion generally adjacent to the outer surface and positioned to cover a predetermined portion of the wearer;
wherein the lens portion is configured and arranged to alter the appearance of the predetermined portion of the wearer; and

wherein the at least one lens portion has a negative index of refraction.