National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 

Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research 

Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System 

SURVEILLANCE REPORT #86 

TRENDS IN UNDERAGE DRINKING IN THE 

UNITED STATES, 1991–2007 

Chiung M. Chen, M.A.1 

Hsiao-ye Yi, Ph.D. 1

Gerald D. Williams, D.Ed.1 

Vivian B. Faden, Ph.D.2 

1 

CSR, Incorporated

2107 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1000 

Arlington, VA 22201 

2

 Office of Science Policy and Communications 

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 

5635 Fishers Lane, MSC 9304 

Bethesda, MD 20892-9304

January 2009 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 

Public Health Service 

National Institutes of Health 

1

 CSR, Incorporated operates the Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System (AEDS) under 

Contract No. HHSN267200800023 for the Division of Epidemiology and Prevention 

Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Dr. 

Rosalind A. Breslow serves as NIAAA Project Officer on the contract and oversaw 

the preparation of this report. 
(Blank page) 
HIGHLIGHTS 

 

This surveillance report, prepared by the Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System (AEDS), 

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), presents data on underage 

drinking for 1991–2007. This is the third of a series of reports to be published every two 

years on underage drinking and related attitudes and risk behaviors. Data for this series are 

compiled from three separate nationally representative surveys: the National Survey on Drug 

Use and Health (NSDUH), the Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey, and the Youth Risk 

Behavior Survey (YRBS). The following are highlights of trends from 1991 through 2007. 

Prevalence of use 

 Although there are marked differences in absolute values of estimates, and estimates 

show different patterns of increase and decrease over the time period evaluated, the 

trends across all three survey data sources show an overall decline in the prevalence of 

alcohol consumption in the past 30 days between 1991 and 2007. In 2007 28.2 percent 

of youth ages 12–20 reported consuming alcohol in the past 30 days (NSDUH). 

 Throughout the decade, rates of underage drinking remained highest among nonHispanic whites, followed by Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks. Rates were also higher 

among youth not enrolled in school as compared with those enrolled in school (NSDUH), 

although rates among college students remained higher than among non-college 

students (not shown). 

Drinking patterns 

 The median age of initiation of drinking alcohol has increased slightly from 13.65 years 

in 1991–1993 to 14.06 years in 2005–2007 (NSDUH). In addition, there has been a 

gradual decline over the decade in the proportion of youth reporting initiating drinking at 

age 12 years or younger (NSDUH, YRBS). 

 Over the course of the decade, males have maintained higher average frequency, 

quantity, and volume of consumption in the past 30 days than females. In 2005–2007, 

youth ages 12–20 reported drinking on a mean of 5.84 days in the past 30 days. They 

consumed an average of 4.79 drinks on the days that they drank, amounting to an 

average total of 34.2 drinks in the past 30 days (NSDUH). 

 According to NSDUH, overall rates of binge drinking have increased among 12- to 20-

year-olds between 1993 and 2002, from 12.1 to 19.1 percent, but have leveled off in the 

recent 5 years. Data from the secondary school–based surveys (MTF and YRBS), 

however, show an overall decline in binge drinking rates during this time period; the 

recent downward trends appear to have started since 1999 (MTF) and possibly since as 

early as 1997 (YRBS). 

Alcohol-related attitudes 

 The trends for alcohol-related attitudes show a gradual shift in youth attitudes towards 

underage drinking, with a decrease during the 1990s, particularly in the early 1990s, in 

the percentage of youth strongly disapproving of others regularly consuming alcohol or 

binge drinking, and in the percentage of those who consider regular or binge drinking a 

great risk (MTF). Recent data indicate these trends may be reversing. 

Alcohol-related risk behaviors 

 Between 1991 and 2007 trends from the YRBS show an overall decline in the 

prevalence of secondary school youth driving while under the influence of alcohol, 

whereas NSDUH data trends show an increase in prevalence between 1995 and 2002. 

The difference is due to the large increase in rates among 18- to 20-year-olds—from 

15.6 percent in 1995 to 22.2 percent in 2002—whereas rates among younger youth 

remained relatively stable (NSDUH). Declines in prevalence since 2003 in NSDUH data 

may indicate the beginning of a downward trend. 

1
INTRODUCTION 

This surveillance report on underage 

drinking is one of a series of reports published 

to monitor trends in alcohol consumption and 

alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. These 

reports are prepared by the Alcohol 

Epidemiologic Data System (AEDS), Division 

of Epidemiology and Prevention Research, 

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and 

Alcoholism (NIAAA), and are intended to be 

useful to researchers, planners, policymakers, 

and other professionals interested in alcohol 

abuse and its associated consequences. The 

Surgeon General’s 2007 Call to Action To 

Prevent and Reduce Underage Drinking has 

brought renewed focus to this issue. The Call to 

Action reviews the risk factors and outcomes 

associated with underage drinking, presents a 

developmental framework for understanding 

and addressing underage drinking, and 

identifies six goals for the Nation to address the 

problem of underage drinking. This surveillance 

report responds to Goal 5, “Work to improve 

public health surveillance on underage drinking 

and on population-based risk factors for this 

behavior” (U.S. Department of Health and 

Human Services, 2007, p.37). The data also are 

essential in assessing changes toward meeting 

the Nation’s health promotion and disease 

prevention goals to reduce underage drinking as 

stated in Healthy People 2010 (U.S. 

Department of Health and Human Services 

2000). This is the third surveillance report on 

underage drinking developed by NIAAA. 

AEDS will issue follow-up reports on this topic 

every two years. 

Rates of alcohol consumption among 

underage youth are a cause for concern 

(National Research Council 2003 and Institute 

of Medicine). In 2007, 28.2 percent of 12- to 

20-year-olds reported drinking alcohol in the 

past 30 days (National Survey of Drug Use and 

Health [NSDUH] 2007). This is a decrease 

from the rate of 33.4 percent a decade earlier in 

1991 (National Household Survey on Drug 

Abuse [NHSDA] 1991), although changes in 

survey methodology preclude a direct 

comparison of these two estimates. Alcohol 

consumption begins early, with a median age of 

14 years (NSDUH 2005–2007) and 23.8 

percent of high school students reporting that 

they consumed their first drink of alcohol 

before age 13 (Eaton et al. 2008). By the 12th 

grade, 25.9 percent of adolescents report binge 

drinking (consuming five or more drinks in a 

row within the past two weeks) (Monitoring the 

Future [MTF] 2007). 

Underage drinking is associated with a wide 

array of social, emotional, behavioral, and 

health problems (Komro and Toomey 2002). 

O’Malley and colleagues (1998) found that 

among 12th graders surveyed between 1994 and 

1997, 18 percent (or close to a third of the 53 

percent who had consumed alcohol on at least 

10 occasions) had experienced three or more 

alcohol-related problems. For example, alcohol 

caused them to behave in ways they later 

regretted, it interfered with their ability to think 

clearly, or it caused them to drive unsafely. 

Youth who drink and drive are at increased risk 

of involvement in accidents, because of the 

duality of alcohol-related impairment and 

relative driving inexperience (Office of Applied 

Studies [OAS] 2003). Underage drinking is 

associated with driving after consuming alcohol 

or riding with a peer who has consumed alcohol 

(Miller et al. 2007; Windle 2003). When youth 

consume alcohol, they are more likely to 

engage in risky sexual behaviors such as 

unprotected sexual intercourse, having multiple 

partners, and being drunk or high during 

intercourse (Hingson et al. 1990; Miller et al. 

2007; Ramisetty-Mikler et al. 2004; Strunin and 

Hingson 1992; Stueve and O’Donnell 2005), 

putting them at risk of such adverse 

consequences as sexual victimization 

(Champion et al. 2004), pregnancy (Slevin and 

Marvin 1987), and sexually transmitted 

infections (Shafer et al. 1993). Adolescents 

under the influence of alcohol or with a history 

of drinking alcohol are also more likely to 

engage in violence, such as physical fighting 

2
and assault (Blitstein et al. 2005; Kodjo et al. 

2004; Swahn et al. 2004; Wells et al. 2004). 

Adolescent alcohol use disorder increases the 

risk for both suicide attempts and completion 

(Chatterji et al. 2004; Esposito-Smythers and 

Spirito 2004). Several studies have established 

a convincing link between youth alcohol use, 

particularly binge drinking, and illicit drug use 

(Greenblatt 2000; Miller et al. 2007; OAS 2002; 

O’Malley et al. 1998). Adolescent binge 

drinkers, for example, are seven times more 

likely to report past-year illicit drug use than 

adolescent non-binge drinkers (OAS 2002). 

Binge drinking and alcohol use disorder during 

adolescence has recently been reported to cause 

life-long pathological changes in the brains of 

rats and neurocognitive disadvantages in 

humans (Brown and Tapert 2004; Monti et al. 

2005). 

Age at initiation of drinking1

 affects future 

drinking patterns and alcohol-related risk 

behaviors (Faden 2006; Grant and Dawson 

1997; Grant et al. 2001; Hingson et al. 2002; 

Hingson et al. 2006; Stueve and O’Donnell, 

2005; Warner and White 2003; Wells et al. 

2004; Young et al. 2006). For example, early 

age at drinking initiation is associated with 

binge drinking, getting drunk and high, 

subjective reports of substance use interfering 

with life activities (Stueve and O’Donnell 

2005), and alcohol abuse and dependence 

later in life (Grant and Dawson 1997; Grant et 

al. 2001; York et al. 2004). Hingson and 

colleagues (2002) found that age at initiation 

of drinking was associated with driving after 

drinking and being involved in drinkingrelated vehicle crashes. Zakrajsek and Shope 

(2006) found that age at drinking initiation 

was associated with risky driving and alcoholrelated driving offenses. 

 

1

 Drinking initiation refers to the first consumption of a 

full drink. 

DATA SOURCES 

Data for this report are drawn from three 

sources: the NSDUH, the MTF survey, and the 

Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). 

National Survey on Drug Use and Health 

The NSDUH (formerly the NHSDA) is 

conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental 

Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). 

The nationally representative survey was 

initiated in 1971 and administered annually 

from 1991. The survey is administered at the 

household level through in-person interviews. 

Since 1999, computer-assisted interviewing 

methods have been used, including audio 

computer-assisted self-interviewing for selected 

survey components. In this same year, the 

survey sample was expanded to allow for 

computation of State-specific prevalence 

estimates. In 2002, the survey was given its new 

name (NSDUH) and additional methodological 

changes were made that affected some 

prevalence rates and represented a new 

baseline. These included a $30 incentive to all 

respondents, which resulted in substantial 

increases in response rates; improved data 

quality-control measures; and use of new 

population data from the 2000 decennial census 

to compute sample weights. All respondents 

ages 12–20 years were selected for inclusion in 

the underage drinking surveillance report. 

Monitoring the Future 

The MTF survey is funded by the National 

Institute on Drug Abuse and conducted 

annually by the University of Michigan Institute 

for Social Research. The MTF was initiated in 

1975 among 12th graders only, and 8th and 

10th graders were added in 1991, providing a 

nationally representative sample of secondary 

school students in those age-groups. The survey 

is administered in school to a sample of 

students enrolled in public and private 

secondary schools. Since 1976, a random 

sample of 12th graders has been followed 

biannually through a self-administered mailback questionnaire. For this surveillance report, 

3
all respondents from the 8th, 10th, and 12th 

grade samples were included in the analyses. 

Youth Risk Behavior Survey 

The YRBS is conducted by the Centers for 

Disease Control and Prevention and administered 

every two years to students enrolled in public or 

private schools in grades 9 through 12. Initiated 

in 1991, the survey provides a nationally 

representative sample of youth enrolled in high 

school. All respondents from the biannual surveys 

were included in this surveillance report. 

All three sources of data for this surveillance 

report are nationally representative repeated 

cross-sectional surveys that provide data on 

youth alcohol consumption and related risk 

behaviors. As described above, there are also 

important differences among the three surveys, 

related to the ages of youth sampled, the timing 

of the survey, the setting of survey 

administration and consequent type of youth 

sampled and level of anonymity involved, and 

question wording. Specifications of the three 

surveys are summarized in the Appendix and 

briefly reviewed here. 

Age-Groups 

Whereas the NSDUH collects information 

on youth as young as 12 years old, the YRBS 

collects information from youth in grades 9 

through 12 and the MTF skips grades, 

surveying youth in 8th, 10th, and 12th grades. 

Periodicity 

Both the NSDUH and the MTF are 

administered on an annual basis, whereas the 

YRBS collects data every two years. 

Survey Administration Location 

As school-based surveys, the MTF and 

YRBS collect data only on youth currently 

enrolled in school. Data from the NSDUH 

cover both youth enrolled in school and those 

not enrolled. Given the setting of the survey 

administration, there are different levels of 

anonymity. For example, youth are more likely 

to feel comfortable about revealing sensitive 

information, such as alcohol and other drug use, 

in the more anonymous school setting than in 

the home setting (Faden et al. 2004; Fendrich 

and Johnson 2001; Fowler and Stringfellow 

2001; Sudman 2001). On the other hand, youth 

may also be responding to perceived peer 

influence in the school setting and may 

exaggerate their reported risk behaviors, 

although such effects are hard to assess (Fowler 

and Stringfellow 2001; Harrison 2001). Thus, 

whereas alcohol consumption rates may be 

under-reported in the NSDUH, they may be 

inflated in the MTF and YRBS datasets. 

Question Wording 

The three surveys differ in the number and 

wording of questions on alcohol consumption 

and on related risk behaviors. The reference 

period for all surveys is generally the past 30 

days. However, for binge drinking the MTF 

asks about drinking in the past two weeks, 

whereas the other surveys ask about drinking in 

the past month. The NSDUH and the YRBS ask 

about age at initiation of drinking but the MTF 

survey asks about grade at initiation of 

drinking. All surveys ask about driving under 

the influence, but the MTF frames the question 

around whether the respondent has ever gotten 

a moving violation ticket or warning after 

drinking alcohol. The Appendix specifies the 

wording used in each survey for the indicators 

included in the report. Data tables and figures 

are not provided for all questions listed. 

METHODS 

This surveillance report tracks alcohol 

consumption and associated behaviors among 

youth ages 12–20 years old. Age 12 is the 

youngest age for which nationally 

representative data are available (from 

NSDUH). Age 20 is the last year before youth 

are legally allowed to drink alcohol. Findings 

are presented for 1991–2007, the latest year for 

which data are available for this report from all 

three data sources. For new indicators collected 

only in the past several years, all available data 

are reported (i.e., detailed data by race, data on 

selected alcohol-related risk behaviors). 

4
Definitions 

The report presents trend data on different 

categories of indicators for alcohol 

consumption and related risk behaviors, 

including prevalence of use, pattern of use, 

alcohol-related attitudes, and alcohol-related 

risk behaviors. Definitions of measures used 

are provided below, including descriptions of 

calculated measures: 

 Prevalence of use 

 Any drinking of alcohol in the past 30 

days (more than just a sip or two from a 

drink) 

 Initiation of drinking 

 Age at first use of alcohol 

 Initiating drinking at age 12 years or 

younger 

 Frequency of use 

 Number of drinking days in the past 30 

days 

 Quantity of use 

 Number of drinks on drinking days in the 

past 30 days 

 Volume of use 

 Total number of drinks in the past 30 

days, computed as frequency multiplied 

by average quantity in the past 30 days 

 Binge drinking 

 Any drinking of five or more drinks in a 

row in the past 30 days (for NSDUH and 

YRBS data) or in the past two weeks (for 

MTF data) 

 Frequency of drinking five or more 

drinks in a row in the past 30 days 

 Frequency of drinking five or more drinks 

in a row in the past 30 days, categorized 

as 0 days, 1–2 days, 3–4 days, and 5 or 

more days 

 Drunkenness 

 Frequency of being drunk or very high 

from drinking in the past 30 days 

 Alcohol-related attitudes 

 Disapproval of consuming one or two 

drinks nearly every day, categorized as 

don’t disapprove, disapprove, and 

strongly disapprove 

 Disapproval of consuming five or more 

drinks once or twice each weekend, 

categorized as don’t disapprove, 

disapprove, and strongly disapprove 

 Perception of risk of harm for those 

drinking one or two drinks nearly every 

day, categorized as no risk, slight risk, 

moderate risk, and great risk 

 Perception of risk of harm for those 

drinking five or more drinks once or twice 

each weekend, categorized as no risk, 

slight risk, moderate risk, and great risk 

 Alcohol-related risk behaviors 

 Driving after drinking alcohol in the past 

30 days 

 Riding in a car driven by someone who 

had been drinking in the past 30 days 

 Drinking alcohol or using drugs before 

last sexual intercourse 

 Drinking on school property in the past 30 

days 

 Drinking and activity with risk of physical 

danger in the past 12 months 

 Drinking and getting into legal trouble in 

the past 12 months 

 Problems with family or friends caused by 

drinking in the past 12 months 

Analyses 

Analyses in this report are mainly 

descriptive. The report examines a wide range 

of relevant data over multiple years and 

discusses observed changes without reference 

to more complicated statistical analyses of 

trends, such as those used by Faden and Fay 

(2004) and Faden (2006). The exceptions are 

Figures 1-1, 1-2, 6-1, and 6-2, where the trends 

in prevalence of drinking and binge drinking 

are represented by segmented lines that were 

fitted using joinpoint (piecewise) regression 

models (Kim et al. 2000). These lines indicate 

significant changes in the trends over time. 

For different analyses, data are presented by 

sex, race (non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic 

black) and Hispanic origin, age or current 

school grade, and school enrollment status. 

More detailed data by race and Hispanic origin 

5
(non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, 

Native American/Alaska Native, Asian/Native 

Hawaiian Islander/Other Pacific Islander, 

Hispanic, more than one race) are presented in 

the tables for years 1999–2007. To increase the 

stability of estimates, prevalence estimates by 

age are presented in age groupings in the tables, 

specifically 12–14, 15–17, and 18–20 years. In 

the figures, these prevalence estimates are 

shown by single age and grade. Three-year 

moving averages are used for tracking certain 

alcohol consumption measures among current 

drinkers in order to minimize data suppression 

problems for groups with small sample sizes 

(e.g., number of drinkers in the 12–14 year age 

group) and to avoid large fluctuations in the 

mean estimates. For selected indicators, trend 

data from the three data sources are compared 

in separate graphs. Because of the large age 

span of the NSDUH and its inclusion of youth 

enrolled and not enrolled in school, more 

detailed analyses by demographic 

characteristics are presented for the NSDUH 

only. We present results from secondary data 

analysis for NSDUH and YRBS data, as 

publicly available reports on these surveys do 

not cover all the indicators, categories, and age 

groupings applicable to this report. Applicable 

estimates by grade are publicly available for 

MTF data, and these are presented in tables in 

this report to facilitate comparison across 

different surveys. We present secondary 

analysis results for MTF estimates across grade, 

as these aggregate estimates are not publicly 

available elsewhere. Some MTF indicators are 

available from only a subsample, as not all 

questions were included on all survey forms. 

We note in the MTF figures and tables when 

estimates are based on less than the full sample. 

To ensure reliability of findings presented, 

all cases with outliers were censored. 

Specifically, cases with reported alcohol 

consumption of greater than 20 drinks per 

drinking day were truncated at 20 drinks on 

drinking days. Cases with missing values for an 

indicator of interest were excluded from 

analysis for that indicator. The stability of 

estimates (r) was assessed using the relative 

standard error (RSE), computed as RSE=100 x 

(SE(r)/r). Following the recommendations of 

the National Center for Health Statistics (Klein 

et al. 2002), estimates with RSE>17.5 percent 

were considered of low reliability and are 

marked in the tables with the symbol #. 

Limitations 

Due to differences in sample populations 

(i.e., only school-enrolled youth vs. both 

enrolled and not enrolled youth) and survey 

administration (i.e., in school vs. in home), 

comparisons among the three data sources need 

to be made with caution. Although it is not 

appropriate to compare prevalence estimates 

across surveys within a single year, it is 

possible to compare trends across years. For 

example, there are marked differences in 

absolute values of past-30-day alcohol 

consumption prevalence among findings from 

the NSDUH, the MTF, and the YRBS; 

however, trend lines from all three surveys 

show a decrease in prevalence between 1997 

and 2007. 

Furthermore, the NSDUH also had a major 

change of design during this period. Close 

examination of the NSDUH data for past-30-

day consumption shows a steep decrease in 

rates between 1998 and 1999 followed by an 

increase from 1999 to 2003. It is not clear if this 

is a real increase or an artifact of the 1999 

methodological changes. The 2002 

methodological changes—including the 

respondent incentive and the improved data 

collection quality-control measures—also may 

have resulted in higher self-reported substance 

use by respondents (SAMHSA 2003). Caution 

needs to be taken in comparing estimates from 

before and after 1999, as well as from before 

and after 2002. The major change in survey 

methodology of 1999 and the additional 

changes of 2002 are marked with shading in the 

graphs included in this report. Prevalence 

estimates from the NSDUH included in this 

report may differ slightly from those presented 

6
in reports issued by SAMHSA, as SAMHSA 

analysts use a restricted-use dataset for their 

analyses. 

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Swahn, M.H.; Simon, T.R.; Hammig, B.J.; and Guerrero, 

J.L. Alcohol-consumption behaviors and risk for 

physical fighting and injuries among adolescent 

drinkers. Addictive Behavior 29(5):959–63, 2004. 

Warner, L.A., and White, H.R. Longitudinal effects of 

age at onset and first drinking situations on problem 

drinking. Substance Use and Misuse 38(14):1983–

2016, 2003. 

O’Malley, P.M.; Johnston, L.D.; and Bachman, J.G. 

Alcohol use among adolescents. Alcohol Health and 

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Drinking patterns in mid-adolescence and psychosocial 

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Office of Applied Studies (OAS), Substance Abuse and 

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Windle, M. Alcohol use among adolescents and young 

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Nishimura, S. Ethnic variation in drinking, drug use, 

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among high-risk male youth. Sexually Transmitted 

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Young, S.Y.N.; Hansen, C.J.; Gibson, R.L.; and Ryan, 

M.A.K. Risky alcohol use, age at onset of drinking, 

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and Adolescent Medicine 160: 1207–1214, 2006. 

Zakrajsek, J.S., and Shope, J.T. Longitudinal examination 

of underage drinking and subsequent drinking and risky 

driving. Journal of Safety Research 27: 443–451, 2006.

Slevin, A.P., and Marvin, C.L. Safe sex and pregnancy 

prevention: A guide for health practitioners working 

with adolescents. Journal of Community Health 

Nursing 4(4):235–241, 1987. 

8
LIST OF FIGURES 

Page 

Figure 1-1 Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by sex, 1991–2007.......................................... 13 

Figure 1-2 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, by sex 

and age group, 1991–2007 .................................................................................................. 13 

Figure 1-3 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, by sex 

and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007.................................................................................. 14 

Figure 1-4 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, by 

school enrollment status, 1991–2007 .................................................................................. 14 

Figure 1-5 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, by 

age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007............................................................................. 15 

Figure 1-6 YRBS: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, 2007 ...................... 15 

Figure 2-1 NSDUH and YRBS: Prevalence of initiating drinking at age 12 years or younger, 

by sex, 1991–2007............................................................................................................... 16 

Figure 2-2 NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol among 12–20 year olds, by sex and 

race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages) ............................... 16 

Figure 2-3 NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol among 12–20 year olds, by school 

enrollment status, 1991–2007.............................................................................................. 17 

Figure 3-1 NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days among current drinkers 

ages 12–20 years, by sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year 

moving averages) ................................................................................................................ 17 

Figure 3-2 NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days among current drinkers 

ages 12–20 years, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007 .......................................... 18 

Figure 4-1 NSDUH: Mean quantity on drinking days in the past 30 days among current 

drinkers ages 12–20 years, by sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 

3-year moving averages) ..................................................................................................... 18 

Figure 4-2 NSDUH: Mean quantity on drinking days in the past 30 days among current 

drinkers ages 12–20 years, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007 ............................ 19 

Figure 5-1 NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days among current 

drinkers ages 12–20 years, by sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 

3-year moving averages) ..................................................................................................... 19 

Figure 5-2 NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days among current 

drinkers ages 12–20 years, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007 ............................ 20 

Figure 6-1 Prevalence of binge drinking, by sex, 1991–2007 .............................................................. 20 

Figure 6-2 NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

by sex and age group, 1991–2007....................................................................................... 21 

Figure 6-3 NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007........................................................................ 21 

9
Figure 6-4 YRBS: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, 2007............. 22 

Figure 6-5 NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days among current 

drinkers ages 12–20 years, by sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 

3-year moving averages) ..................................................................................................... 22 

Figure 6-6 NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days among current 

drinkers ages 12–20 years, by school enrollment status, 1991–2007 (based on 

3-year moving averages) ..................................................................................................... 23 

Figure 6-7 NSDUH: Frequency of binge drinking in the past 30 days among current drinkers 

ages 12–20 years, by category (0 days, 1–2 days, 3–4 days, 5+ days), sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 ........................................................................................ 24 

Figure 7 MTF: Prevalence of having been drunk or very high from drinking alcoholic 

beverages in the past 30 days among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007 ..... 25 

Figure 8-1a MTF: Percent distribution of disapproval towards taking one or two drinks nearly 

every day among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007 ..................................... 26 

Figure 8-1b MTF: Percent distribution of disapproval towards having five or more drinks once 

or twice each weekend among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007................. 26 

Figure 8-2a MTF: Percent distribution of perceived risk of harm by having one or two drinks 

nearly every day among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007 .......................... 27 

Figure 8-2b MTF: Percent distribution of perceived risk of harm by having five or more drinks 

once or twice each weekend among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007 ........ 27 

Figure 8-2c NSDUH: Percent distribution of perceived risk of harm by having five or more 

drinks once or twice a week among 12–20 year olds, by sex, 1991–2007.......................... 28 

Figure 9-1a NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in 

combination of illegal drugs in the past 12 months among 12–20 year olds, by sex 

and race/Hispanic origin, 1995–2007.................................................................................. 29 

Figure 9-1b YRBS: Prevalence of driving after drinking alcohol in the past 30 days, by sex and 

race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 ........................................................................................ 29 

Figure 9-1c YRBS: Prevalence of riding in a car driven by someone who had been drinking in 

the past 30 days, by sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007........................................... 30 

Figure 9-2 YRBS: Prevalence of drinking alcohol or using drugs before last sexual intercourse, 

by sex, 1991–2007............................................................................................................... 30 

Figure 9-3 YRBS: Prevalence of ever drinking on school property in the past 30 days, by sex, 

1993–2007........................................................................................................................... 31 

Figure 9-4 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking and activity with risk of physical danger in the 

past 12 months among 12–20 year olds, by sex, 2000–2007 .............................................. 31 

Figure 9-5 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking and getting into legal trouble in the past 12 

months among 12–20 year olds, by sex, 2000–2007........................................................... 32 

Figure 9-6 NSDUH: Prevalence in the past 12 months of problems with family or friends 

caused by drinking among 12–20 year olds, by sex, 2000–2007........................................ 32 

10
LIST OF TABLES

Page 

Table 1-1 NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic 

origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007 ................................................. 33 

Table 1-2 MTF: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 

1991–2007 ........................................................................................................................... 38 

Table 1-3 YRBS: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 

1991–2007 ........................................................................................................................... 39 

Table 2-1 NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007 .............................................. 40 

Table 2-2 NSDUH: Prevalence of initiating drinking at age 12 years or younger, by sex, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007 .............................................. 45 

Table 2-3 YRBS: Prevalence of initiating drinking at age 12 years or younger, by sex, among 

ever drinkers, United States, 1991–2007 ............................................................................. 46 

Table 3 NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/ 

Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007 ............... 47 

Table 4 NSDUH: Mean quantity of drinking on drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, 

sex, and race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 

1991–2007 ........................................................................................................................... 52 

Table 5 NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007 ....... 57 

Table 6-1 NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007 ........................ 62 

Table 6-2 MTF: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 2 weeks, by grade and sex, United 

States, 1991–2007................................................................................................................ 67 

Table 6-3 YRBS: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United 

States, 1991–2007................................................................................................................ 68 

Table 6-4 NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007 ....... 69 

Table 7 MTF: Prevalence of having been drunk or very high from drinking alcoholic 

beverages in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 1991–2007....................... 74 

Table 8 NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in 

combination of illegal drugs in the past 12 months, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic 

origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1995–2007 ................................................. 75 

APPENDIX 

Appendix A. Differences Among Survey Data Sources........................................................................... 79 

11
12

(Blank page) 
13

Figure 1-1. Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by sex, 1991–2007. 

NSDUH:

among 12−20 year olds

Percent

'91 '95 '99 '03 '07

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

●

●

●

● ●

●

● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

●●● ● ● ●

MTF:

among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders

Percent

'91 '95 '99 '03 '07

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

●

●

● ● ● ● ●

● ●

●

●

● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ●

● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ●

●

YRBS:

among 9th–12th graders

Percent

'91 '95 '99 '03 '07

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

●

●

● ● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females Fitted trends

F

b

igure 1-2. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

y sex and age group, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

● ●

● ●

●

● ● ● ●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

● ●

●

● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ●

● Ages 12–14 Ages 16–17 ● Ages 18–20 Fitted trends

[F

[S

itted trends are resulted from Joinpoint Regression (see the method section for detail.] 

haded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
14

F

b

igure 1-3. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ●

●

● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

● ● ● ●●●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

F

b

igure 1-4. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

y school enrollment status, 1991–2007. 

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

Enrolled Not enrolled

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
15

F

b

igure 1-5. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

y age, sex and race/Hispanic origin, 2007. 

Males

Percent

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

● ●

●

●

●

Females

Percent

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

Figure 1-6. YRBS: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, 2007. 

Percent

9th grade 10th grade 11th grade 12th grade

30

35

40

45

50

55

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females
16

F

b

igure 2-1. NSDUH and YRBS: Prevalence of initiating drinking at age 12 years or younger, 

y sex,1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

NSDUH (12–20 year olds) YRBS (9th–12th graders)

F

b

igure 2-2. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol among 12–20 year olds, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages). 

Males

Age in years

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

13.0

13.5

14.0

14.5

15.0

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●● ●●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

Females

Age in years

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

13.0

13.5

14.0

14.5

15.0

●

●

● ● ● ●●

●

● ●

●● ● ●

●

● ● ●

● ● ● ●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
17

F

b

igure 2-3. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol among 12–20 year olds, 

y school enrollment status, 1991–2007. 

Age in years

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

13.0

13.5

14.0

14.5

15.0

15.5

Enrolled Not enrolled

F

b

igure 3-1. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages). 

Males

Number of drinking days

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ●

● ●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

● ● ●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

Females

Number of drinking days

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

● ● ●

●

●

● ● ● ● ●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● ● ●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
18

F

b

igure 3-2. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007. 

Males

Number of drinking days

12–14 15–17 18–20

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

●

●

●

●

●

●

Females

Number of drinking days

12–14 15–17 18–20

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

●

●

●

● ●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

F

b

igure 4-1. NSDUH: Mean quantity on drinking days in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages). 

Males

Number of drinks

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ●

●

● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

●

Females

Number of drinks

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

● ● ● ●●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●● ● ● ● ●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
19

F

b

igure 4-2. NSDUH: Mean quantity on drinking days in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007. 

Males

Number of drinks

12–14 15–17 18–20

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

●

●

●

●

●

●

Females

Number of drinks

12–14 15–17 18–20

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

●

●

●

●

●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

F

b

igure 5-1. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages). 

Males

Number of drinks

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

● ●● ● ●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

●

●

●

● ● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ● ●

●

Females

Number of drinks

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●● ●

●

●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
20

F

b

igure 5-2. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 2007. 

Males

Number of drinks

12–14 15–17 18–20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

●

●

●

●

●

●

Females

Number of drinks

12–14 15–17 18–20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

●

●

●

●

●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

Figure 6-1. Prevalence of binge drinking, by sex, 1991–2007. 

NSDUH: in the past 30 days/

among 12–20 year olds

Percent

'91 '95 '99 '03 '07

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

●

● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● ●

● ● ● ●

●

●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

MTF:

among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders

Percent

'91 '95 '99 '03 '07

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

●

YRBS:

among 9th–12th graders

Percent

'91 '95 '99 '03 '07

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

●

●

● ●

● Both sexes Males ● Females Fitted trends

[F

[S

itted trends are resulted from Joinpoint Regression (see the method section for detail.] 

haded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
21

F

b

igure 6-2. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

y sex and age group, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● ●

●

● ●

●

●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● Ages 12–14 Ages 16–17 ● Ages 18–20 Fitted trends

[F

[S

F

b

itted trends are resulted from Joinpoint Regression (see the method section for detail.] 

haded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 

igure 6-3. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days among 12–20 year olds, 

y age, sex and race/Hispanic origin, 2007. 

Males

Percent

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

Females

Percent

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

● ●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

● ● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic
22

Figure 6-4. YRBS: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, 2007.

Percent

9th grade 10th grade 11th grade 12th grade

15

20

25

30

35

40

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females

F

a

igure 6-5. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days among current drinkers 

ges 12–20 years, by sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages). 

Males

Number of binge drinking days

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

●

Females

Number of binge drinking days

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

●● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
23

F

a

igure 6-6. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days among current drinkers 

ges 12–20 years, by school enrollment status, 1991–2007 (based on 3-year moving averages). 

Number of binge drinking days

1991

to

1993

1993

to

1995

1995

to

1997

1997

to

1999

1999

to

2001

2001

to

2003

2003

to

2005

2005

to

2007

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Enrolled Not enrolled

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
24

F

b

igure 6-7. NSDUH: Frequency of binge drinking in the past 30 days among current drinkers ages 12–20 years, 

y category (0 days, 1–2 days, 3–4 days, 5+ days), sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007. 

Males, all races

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ●

Females, all races

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● ● ● ●

●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ●

Males, Non−Hispanic White

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Females, Non−Hispanic White

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● ● ● ●

●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Males, Non−Hispanic Black

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

●

● ● ● ● ●

● ●

●

●

● ● ●

●

●

● ●

●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ●

Females, Non−Hispanic Black

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

● ●

● ●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

● ●● ● ● ●

Males, Hispanic

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

● ● ●

●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Females, Hispanic

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

● ●

●

●

● ● ● ● ●

●

●

● ●

● ● ● ●

●

● ●

●

● ●

●

● ●

● ●

●

● ●

●

● ●

● 0 days 1–2 days ● 3–4 days 5+ days

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
25

F

a

igure 7. MTF: Prevalence of having been drunk or very high from drinking alcoholic beverages in the past 30 days 

mong 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007. 

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

12

14

16

18

20

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females

N

F

ote: The question was asked of only about half the 8th and 10th grade sample for 1991–1996. It was asked of the full sample for 1997–2007. 

or 12th graders, the question was asked of about one third of the sample for 1991–2007. 
26

F

a

igure 8-1a. MTF: Percent distribution of disapproval towards taking one or two drinks nearly every day 

mong 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

● ● ●

● ●

●

● ● ● ● ●

● ●

●

● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ●

●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

●

●

●

● ●

●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

●

● ●

●

● ● ● ●

● ●

● ●

● ●

●

● Don't disapprove Disapprove ● Strongly disapprove

N

F

F

a

ote: The question was asked of only about half the 8th and 10th grade sample for 1991–1996. It was asked of the full sample for 1997–2007. 

or 12th graders, the question was asked of about one third of the sample for 1991–2007. 

igure 8-1b. MTF: Percent distribution of disapproval towards having five or more drinks once or twice each weekend 

mong 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ●

●●●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

● Don't disapprove Disapprove ● Strongly disapprove

Not

e: The question was asked of only about half the 8th and 10th grade sample for 1991–1996. It was asked of the full sample for 1997–2007. 

For 12th graders, the question was asked of about one third of the sample for 1991–2007. 
27

F

a

igure 8-2a. MTF: Percent distribution of perceived risk of harm by having one or two drinks nearly every day 

mong 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● No risk Slight risk ● Moderate risk Great risk

N

F

F

e

ote: The question was asked of only about half the 8th and 10th grade sample for 1991–1996. It was asked of the full sample for 1997–2007. 

or 12th graders, the question was asked of about one third of the sample for 1991–2007. 

igure 8-2b. MTF: Percent distribution of perceived risk of harm by having five or more drinks once or twice 

ach weekend among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, by sex, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● No risk Slight risk ● Moderate risk Great risk

N

F

ote: The question was asked of only about half the 8th and 10th grade sample for 1991–1996. It was asked of the full sample for 1997–2007. 

or 12th graders, the question was asked of about one third of the sample for 1991–2007. 
28

F

a

igure 8-2c. NSDUH: Percent distribution of perceived risk of harm by having five or more drinks once or twice 

 week among 12–20 year olds, by sex, 1991–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ●

Females

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

● ●

●

● ●

● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ●

● No risk Slight risk ● Moderate risk Great risk

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
29

F

d

igure 9-1a. NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in combination of illegal 

rugs in the past 12 months among 12–20 year olds, by sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1995–2007. 

Males

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

● ●

●

● ●

●

● ●

● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

Females

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

●

● ●

● ●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●●

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

●

● ● ●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

[S

F

b

haded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 

igure 9-1b. YRBS: Prevalence of driving after drinking alcohol in the past 30 days, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007. 

Males, 9th–12th grades

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

Females, 9th–12th grades

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● ●

●

● ● ● ●

●

●

● ●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic
30

F

b

igure 9-1c. YRBS: Prevalence of riding in a car driven by someone who had been drinking in the past 30 days, 

y sex and race/Hispanic origin, 1991–2007. 

Males, 9th–12th grades

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● ●

●

●

Females, 9th–12th grades

Percent

1991 1995 1999 2003 2007

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● All races Non−Hispanic White ● Non−Hispanic Black Hispanic

F

b

igure 9-2. YRBS: Prevalence of drinking alcohol or using drugs before last sexual intercourse, 

y sex, 1991–2007. 

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

5

10

15

20

● ●

● ●

● ●

●

●

●

●

● ● ● ●

● ●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females
31

F

b

igure 9-3. YRBS: Prevalence of ever drinking on school property in the past 30 days, 

y sex, 1993–2007. 

Percent

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

0

2

4

6

8

● ●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females

F

a

igure 9-4. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking and activity with risk of physical danger in the past 12 months 

mong 12–20 year olds, by sex, 2000–2007. 

Percent

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

0

2

4

6

8

● ●

● ● ●

● ● ●

● ●

●

● ●

● ●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
32

F

a

igure 9-5. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking and getting into legal trouble in the past 12 months 

mong 12–20 year olds, by sex, 2000–2007. 

Percent

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

● ●

●

● ● ●

● ●

●

●

●

● ●

●

● ●

● Both sexes Males ● Females

F

a

igure 9-6. NSDUH: Prevalence in the past 12 months of problems with family or friends caused by drinking 

mong 12–20 year olds, by sex, 2000–2007. 

Percent

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● Both sexes Males ● Females

[Shaded areas mark the implementation of a major redesign to the NSDUH survey in 1999 and methodological changes in 2002.] 
Table 1-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007.1

33

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2007 ......................................... 28.2 0.5 5.7 0.4 25.9 0.7 51.3 1.0 

 2006 ......................................... 28.7 0.5 7.2 0.4 26.4 0.6 51.8 0.8 

 2005 ......................................... 28.3 0.5 6.4 0.3 26.3 0.6 51.5 0.9 

 2004............................................... 28.8 0.5 7.0 0.4 28.6 0.5 51.3 1.0 

 2003............................................... 29.3 0.4 7.7 0.4 28.0 0.6 52.4 0.9 

 2002............................................... 28.9 0.4 7.3 0.3 28.6 0.6 51.4 0.8 

 2001............................................... 28.5 0.4 7.0 0.3 27.5 0.6 50.6 0.9 

 2000............................................... 27.5 0.4 7.2 0.3 25.7 0.5 49.0 0.8 

 1999............................................... 27.7 0.4 6.8 0.3 26.3 0.5 49.2 0.8 

 1998............................................... 30.6 1.0 8.3 0.8 30.2 1.3 53.5 1.8 

 1997............................................... 31.3 1.0 10.6 0.8 30.3 1.3 53.4 1.9 

 1996............................................... 28.7 1.1 7.9 0.7 29.4 1.6 50.1 1.9 

 1995............................................... 30.7 1.0 12.1 0.8 30.4 1.2 52.1 2.0 

 1994............................................... 31.2 1.6 10.0 1.0 28.2 1.3 55.8 2.4 

 1993............................................... 28.6 1.0 7.5 0.7 28.9 1.4 49.9 1.8 

 1992............................................... 27.3 0.8 5.7 0.6 26.2 1.2 50.3 1.6 

 1991............................................... 33.4 0.8 10.5 0.7 29.9 1.1 57.0 1.6 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007............................................... 32.1 0.7 6.1 0.4 29.0 0.8 57.6 1.2 

 2006............................................... 32.6 0.6 7.9 0.5 30.6 0.7 58.2 0.9 

 2005............................................... 32.6 0.6 6.1 0.4 30.4 0.9 59.3 1.1 

 2004............................................... 32.8 0.6 7.9 0.5 32.1 0.7 58.1 1.0 

 2003............................................... 33.5 0.5 8.6 0.5 32.5 0.8 59.4 1.0 

 2002............................................... 33.0 0.5 7.9 0.4 32.5 0.7 58.4 0.9 

 2001............................................... 31.7 0.5 8.0 0.4 31.2 0.7 55.0 1.0 

 2000............................................... 30.8 0.5 7.9 0.4 29.2 0.6 54.3 0.9 

 1999............................................... 31.0 0.5 7.4 0.4 29.2 0.7 55.4 1.0 

 1998............................................... 33.4 1.4 8.2 1.0 33.7 1.6 58.5 2.5 

 1997............................................... 34.3 1.2 10.8 1.0 33.1 1.7 59.7 2.3 

 1996............................................... 31.1 1.5 9.1 1.0 32.0 2.0 55.4 2.7 

 1995............................................... 32.9 1.4 13.4 1.1 32.8 1.7 55.4 2.7 

 1994............................................... 34.5 2.0 10.6 1.4 30.8 1.8 61.9 2.7 

 1993............................................... 30.9 1.3 7.9 1.0 30.8 1.8 54.6 2.3 

 1992............................................... 29.4 1.1 5.9 0.8 28.1 1.6 54.4 2.2 

 1991............................................... 35.0 1.0 9.7 0.8 31.0 1.3 60.8 2.0 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007............................................... 18.7 0.9 4.3 0.5 16.2 1.3 36.6 1.7 

 2006............................................... 18.2 1.0 4.3 0.6 15.3 1.2 35.4 2.2 

 2005............................................... 19.1 0.8 5.6 0.8 18.1 1.4 34.8 1.5 

 2004............................................... 19.1 0.9 3.8 0.6 16.9 1.4 38.4 2.0 

 2003............................................... 18.7 0.9 5.6 0.7 15.2 1.3 36.4 2.0 

 2002............................................... 19.2 0.8 4.6 0.6 18.3 1.3 36.6 1.7 

 2001............................................... 19.6 1.1 4.5 0.7 16.6 1.3 38.0 2.2 

 2000............................................... 18.2 0.9 4.5 0.6 13.5 1.1 36.8 1.9 

 1999............................................... 18.3 1.0 4.3 0.7 14.7 1.2 34.5 2.1 

 1998............................................... 22.9 1.6 #7.3 1.4 19.1 2.4 41.4 2.7 

 1997............................................... 22.8 1.6 10.4 1.7 22.2 2.3 35.3 3.2 

 1996............................................... 23.8 1.4 5.0 0.8 23.2 2.3 42.3 2.4 

 1995............................................... 22.6 1.4 9.3 1.5 21.0 2.0 38.3 2.6 

 1994............................................... 22.2 1.6 8.6 1.2 21.8 2.3 37.6 3.2 

 1993............................................... 21.7 1.6 #6.0 1.4 21.2 2.2 39.0 3.4 

 1992............................................... 22.9 1.5 #4.5 1.3 22.0 2.3 43.4 3.2 

 1991............................................... 30.0 1.6 13.0 1.9 26.9 2.3 49.1 2.8 

 Hispanic 

 2007............................................... 25.5 0.9 6.6 1.1 25.3 1.6 44.8 2.1 

 2006............................................... 26.2 1.0 7.7 1.0 25.3 1.5 46.2 1.9 

 2005............................................... 25.0 1.2 8.4 1.1 24.2 1.6 42.7 2.4 

 2004............................................... 26.3 1.1 7.3 1.2 28.8 1.5 44.2 2.3 

 2003............................................... 26.1 0.9 7.8 1.0 25.5 1.6 45.0 2.1 

 2002............................................... 24.8 0.9 8.7 1.0 26.1 1.7 40.1 2.0 

 2001............................................... 25.5 1.1 6.0 0.9 23.9 1.7 46.6 2.3 

 2000............................................... 24.6 1.0 7.9 0.8 25.2 1.4 40.4 2.2 

 1999............................................... 24.0 0.9 7.4 0.8 26.0 1.6 37.9 2.0 

 1998............................................... 27.7 1.2 10.4 1.6 28.1 2.3 45.4 2.3 

 1997............................................... 27.1 1.2 10.0 1.2 28.3 2.3 43.4 2.9 

 1996............................................... 27.7 1.4 7.4 1.2 31.2 2.5 42.4 2.9 
Table 1-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

34

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Hispanic 

 1995............................................... 28.1 1.6 8.8 0.9 29.0 2.6 48.4 3.9 

 1994............................................... 27.3 1.9 #10.4 1.9 25.1 2.6 45.6 3.4 

 1993............................................... 26.5 1.6 #8.5 1.5 26.4 2.2 42.7 3.5 

 1992............................................... 24.6 1.4 #8.1 1.5 24.5 2.0 43.6 2.3 

 1991............................................... 30.8 1.5 12.2 1.7 32.3 2.3 46.4 2.8 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007............................................... #28.9 7.0 #9.0 5.5 #35.0 13.7 #41.7 9.5 

 2006............................................... 32.6 4.4 #24.9 9.5 #21.2 4.2 #46.3 9.2 

 2005............................................... 22.7 3.0 #7.6 3.3 #18.0 4.5 42.9 7.3 

 2004............................................... 24.2 3.2 #9.1 4.1 #30.0 6.8 #36.3 8.6 

 2003............................................... 28.0 3.3 #9.2 3.1 #28.8 5.5 47.4 7.3 

 2002............................................... 33.1 5.1 #5.9 2.4 #36.3 8.3 55.1 9.5 

 2001............................................... #21.6 4.2 #6.3 3.8 #32.6 7.6 #25.2 8.3 

 2000............................................... 28.9 4.3 #9.6 3.8 #29.5 6.1 #54.0 10.3 

 1999............................................... 28.0 4.4 #7.6 3.7 #37.6 8.2 48.9 8.6 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2007............................................... 18.2 2.4 #0.6 0.3 #17.9 3.8 34.7 4.2 

 2006............................................... 20.1 3.2 #3.4 1.5 #12.8 3.4 40.8 5.6 

 2005............................................... 14.7 1.5 #4.5 1.8 #9.0 2.0 30.3 3.3 

 2004............................................... 17.2 1.6 #6.7 2.1 #13.9 2.5 28.6 3.2 

 2003............................................... 18.8 1.9 #1.0 0.9 15.3 2.5 36.2 3.8 

 2002............................................... 16.7 1.6 #2.4 0.9 #13.8 2.5 34.2 3.8 

 2001............................................... 19.8 2.0 #3.5 1.1 17.4 2.8 38.0 5.1 

 2000............................................... 14.8 1.5 #1.6 0.6 12.5 2.1 30.4 3.7 

 1999............................................... 20.4 1.8 #4.0 1.3 18.0 2.7 38.9 4.1 

 More than one race 

 2007............................................... 26.6 2.5 #6.1 1.8 20.4 2.4 52.9 6.3 

 2006............................................... 29.1 3.1 #6.1 2.2 28.1 4.3 61.6 6.6 

 2005............................................... 24.7 2.2 #6.8 1.3 23.3 3.3 48.7 5.8 

 2004............................................... 25.5 1.9 #4.6 1.1 31.0 4.1 51.7 5.8 

 2003............................................... 27.7 3.1 #8.8 2.3 #27.0 6.5 58.9 5.2 

 2002............................................... 28.7 3.0 #7.5 2.8 #26.5 4.7 62.3 5.9 

 2001............................................... 27.0 3.1 #5.0 2.1 #26.0 4.6 50.8 6.6 

 2000............................................... 25.1 2.6 #6.2 1.9 30.3 4.7 45.7 6.1 

 1999............................................... 27.8 2.6 #2.8 1.3 27.6 4.4 54.5 6.2 

 

Male 

All races 

2007............................................... 28.8 0.7 4.7 0.5 26.4 1.0 53.3 1.2 

 2006............................................... 29.4 0.6 6.1 0.5 26.6 0.9 54.1 1.2 

 2005............................................... 29.2 0.6 5.5 0.5 25.7 0.8 55.5 1.2 

 2004............................................... 29.5 0.7 6.2 0.5 28.3 0.8 54.1 1.5 

 2003............................................... 30.5 0.6 7.2 0.5 27.9 0.9 56.7 1.1 

 2002............................................... 29.7 0.5 7.0 0.5 28.0 0.8 54.6 1.1 

 2001............................................... 29.8 0.6 6.4 0.4 28.0 0.8 54.9 1.1 

 2000............................................... 28.4 0.5 6.6 0.4 25.9 0.7 52.4 1.0 

 1999............................................... 29.1 0.5 7.1 0.4 26.8 0.8 53.3 1.2 

 1998............................................... 32.5 1.2 7.9 0.9 31.8 1.7 58.6 2.5 

 1997............................................... 33.3 1.4 11.1 1.1 31.2 2.1 57.8 2.6 

 1996............................................... 31.4 1.6 7.5 1.0 31.0 2.0 56.1 2.7 

 1995............................................... 32.5 1.3 12.9 1.4 32.3 1.6 55.4 2.7 

 1994............................................... 32.7 2.1 8.9 1.0 27.7 1.9 62.3 3.2 

 1993............................................... 29.8 1.2 6.9 0.9 30.8 1.8 52.2 2.2 

 1992............................................... 29.7 1.3 6.6 1.1 27.1 1.7 56.1 2.3 

 1991............................................... 36.3 1.1 10.9 1.0 32.9 1.5 61.6 2.0 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007............................................... 32.8 0.9 4.8 0.5 30.0 1.2 59.6 1.5 

 2006............................................... 33.2 0.7 7.0 0.6 30.9 1.1 60.5 1.2 

 2005............................................... 33.1 0.7 4.7 0.5 30.3 1.1 62.0 1.4 

 2004............................................... 33.4 0.8 7.3 0.6 30.7 0.9 61.2 1.5 

 2003............................................... 34.3 0.7 8.1 0.6 32.0 1.1 63.4 1.3 

 2002............................................... 33.6 0.7 7.4 0.6 31.7 1.0 61.7 1.3 

 2001............................................... 33.0 0.7 7.3 0.6 31.9 1.0 59.3 1.3 

 2000............................................... 31.5 0.6 7.5 0.5 29.3 0.9 57.2 1.2 

 1999............................................... 31.9 0.7 8.1 0.6 29.3 1.0 58.3 1.3 

 1998............................................... 34.9 1.7 8.5 1.3 35.1 2.3 62.1 3.4 
Table 1-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

35

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 1997............................................... 36.5 1.9 12.2 1.4 32.9 2.6 64.4 3.3 

 1996............................................... 33.5 2.2 9.0 1.4 32.0 2.5 61.4 4.0 

 1995............................................... 34.1 1.8 15.4 1.9 33.4 2.2 56.5 3.6 

 1994............................................... 34.9 2.8 8.9 1.4 30.8 2.5 65.9 4.1 

 1993............................................... 31.6 1.5 #7.2 1.3 32.0 2.4 56.2 3.1 

 1992............................................... 31.5 1.8 #7.1 1.5 28.2 2.2 59.0 3.1 

 1991............................................... 37.9 1.5 10.2 1.2 34.0 1.9 65.2 2.6 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007............................................... 17.3 1.2 #3.0 0.7 16.6 2.2 34.0 2.2 

 2006............................................... 18.3 1.3 #4.6 1.0 14.5 1.5 35.5 3.2 

 2005............................................... 21.4 1.3 #4.9 1.1 19.2 2.4 41.6 2.6 

 2004............................................... 20.3 1.2 #4.0 1.0 17.2 2.0 42.1 2.8 

 2003............................................... 20.2 1.3 #4.9 0.9 16.1 1.8 40.1 2.9 

 2002............................................... 19.9 1.2 #4.0 0.8 18.3 2.0 38.6 2.5 

 2001............................................... 20.0 1.3 #5.3 1.0 14.7 1.7 40.2 3.0 

 2000............................................... 19.0 1.3 #4.2 0.8 12.6 1.5 41.1 2.9 

 1999............................................... 20.6 1.4 #4.1 0.9 16.3 1.7 41.0 3.3 

 1998............................................... 24.6 1.5 #7.3 2.0 17.7 2.4 49.1 3.1 

 1997............................................... 22.4 2.6 #9.2 1.9 24.8 3.2 33.5 5.5 

 1996............................................... 25.9 2.0 #3.9 1.3 27.4 3.5 48.4 4.3 

 1995............................................... 23.7 1.9 #9.7 2.3 24.7 2.6 37.6 4.2 

 1994............................................... 26.4 2.6 #10.3 2.4 20.6 3.3 49.3 5.4 

 1993............................................... 24.8 2.2 #6.2 1.8 27.3 3.3 43.1 5.4 

 1992............................................... 25.6 2.0 #4.1 1.5 26.4 3.3 50.3 4.5 

 1991............................................... 32.3 2.3 #13.1 3.2 31.9 2.9 52.1 3.2 

 Hispanic 

 2007............................................... 27.5 1.4 #6.3 1.4 24.9 2.2 49.8 3.0 

 2006............................................... 27.5 1.4 #4.9 1.0 26.2 2.0 50.3 2.5 

 2005............................................... 26.9 1.6 8.6 1.5 21.7 2.0 49.3 3.7 

 2004............................................... 26.9 1.6 #5.4 1.2 30.8 2.8 45.7 3.5 

 2003............................................... 28.6 1.4 #7.1 1.4 26.3 2.3 51.8 2.8 

 2002............................................... 26.8 1.3 9.7 1.6 25.7 2.2 44.1 2.9 

 2001............................................... 27.9 1.5 #4.6 1.0 26.0 2.2 51.5 3.2 

 2000............................................... 26.2 1.4 6.3 1.0 27.2 2.3 44.9 3.0 

 1999............................................... 27.1 1.3 7.5 1.2 26.7 2.2 46.6 3.1 

 1998............................................... 30.4 2.0 #8.9 2.0 30.2 3.0 53.8 3.6 

 1997............................................... 30.0 1.9 #9.4 1.8 31.2 3.2 49.4 4.5 

 1996............................................... 31.5 2.1 #6.0 1.6 37.6 3.4 47.8 3.9 

 1995............................................... 32.2 2.1 #5.9 1.2 33.1 3.8 63.1 4.5 

 1994............................................... 29.5 2.6 #6.0 2.0 24.2 3.0 59.6 5.1 

 1993............................................... 31.4 2.8 #7.7 2.0 32.3 3.0 51.3 6.1 

 1992............................................... 27.3 2.1 #8.5 2.2 25.4 2.8 51.6 3.5 

 1991............................................... 35.8 2.1 #12.6 2.6 34.4 3.4 57.3 4.0 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007............................................... #26.3 6.7 #16.2 10.2 #28.1 12.9 #34.0 12.1 

 2006............................................... #40.8 7.3 #23.8 13.2 #23.1 6.3 #60.4 11.9 

 2005............................................... 28.2 4.5 #9.4 6.1 #19.0 6.3 59.7 7.7 

 2004............................................... #20.5 4.0 #10.3 6.0 #28.8 8.3 #25.1 11.9 

 2003............................................... #23.8 4.5 #9.1 5.1 #28.0 9.0 #39.8 9.3 

 2002............................................... #22.0 4.4 #1.6 1.2 #14.5 5.3 62.3 8.3 

 2001............................................... #30.0 7.4 #5.0 4.7 #43.6 11.2 #38.3 8.8 

 2000............................................... #22.2 5.4 #6.1 4.2 #19.8 7.0 #56.8 13.7 

 1999............................................... #29.4 5.5 #4.9 3.3 #38.8 10.5 #46.5 11.4 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2007............................................... 18.9 3.1 #1.0 0.5 #18.6 5.2 36.3 5.3 

 2006............................................... 20.6 2.9 #4.0 1.7 #12.8 2.4 43.5 5.6 

 2005............................................... #13.5 2.4 #5.8 2.9 #5.5 2.2 #29.9 5.5 

 2004............................................... 18.7 2.8 #3.4 3.0 #18.7 3.5 31.0 4.9 

 2003............................................... 18.3 2.6 #0.2 0.2 #9.1 2.5 41.3 5.4 

 2002............................................... 17.4 2.5 #3.5 1.4 #12.3 3.3 39.7 6.1 

 2001............................................... 18.8 2.6 #2.4 1.2 #15.5 3.4 42.6 6.7 

 2000............................................... 17.3 2.3 #2.6 1.2 #13.5 2.6 36.2 5.8 

 1999............................................... 21.0 2.4 #2.5 1.5 #20.5 3.9 39.3 5.9 

 More than one race 

 2007............................................... 26.5 3.5 #8.5 3.7 #14.5 3.0 59.4 8.3 

 2006............................................... 31.3 4.3 #

3.3 1.6 #28.2 5.5 70.9 5.2 
Table 1-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

36

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Male 

 More than one race 

 2005............................................... 22.5 3.2 #4.4 1.5 #18.1 3.6 54.0 7.9 

 2004............................................... 23.7 3.3 #3.0 1.2 #32.0 6.3 #48.3 9.8 

 2003............................................... #27.4 5.0 #8.1 2.7 #31.0 11.0 55.6 8.0 

 2002............................................... 27.9 3.5 #2.3 1.5 #29.5 6.2 63.1 8.9 

 2001............................................... 27.5 4.2 #6.4 3.2 #23.1 6.4 63.8 9.6 

 2000............................................... 26.7 4.4 #1.9 1.4 #31.2 8.0 #45.6 8.4 

 1999............................................... 26.9 3.7 #1.0 0.9 #25.2 6.4 #52.1 9.4 

 

Female 

All races 

2007............................................... 27.5 0.6 6.7 0.6 25.3 0.8 49.2 1.4 

 2006............................................... 27.9 0.7 8.2 0.6 26.1 1.0 49.3 1.2 

 2005............................................... 27.4 0.7 7.4 0.4 26.9 0.9 47.3 1.3 

 2004............................................... 28.1 0.6 7.9 0.5 28.8 0.9 48.3 1.3 

 2003............................................... 28.1 0.6 8.3 0.6 28.2 0.9 47.9 1.2 

 2002............................................... 28.1 0.5 7.6 0.5 29.2 0.9 48.1 1.1 

 2001............................................... 27.1 0.6 7.5 0.5 27.0 0.8 46.2 1.2 

 2000............................................... 26.5 0.5 7.8 0.5 25.6 0.7 45.4 1.1 

 1999............................................... 26.3 0.5 6.4 0.4 25.8 0.8 45.2 1.1 

 1998............................................... 28.6 1.5 8.7 1.2 28.5 1.7 48.1 2.8 

 1997............................................... 29.2 1.2 10.0 1.1 29.5 1.3 48.5 2.5 

 1996............................................... 25.8 1.1 8.4 1.1 27.8 1.9 43.1 2.2 

 1995............................................... 28.8 1.3 11.2 1.2 28.5 1.6 48.9 2.5 

 1994............................................... 29.8 1.6 11.2 1.4 28.8 1.9 49.3 2.9 

 1993............................................... 27.3 1.3 8.1 1.1 26.9 1.9 47.5 2.7 

 1992............................................... 24.7 1.2 4.9 0.8 25.2 2.0 44.6 2.4 

 1991............................................... 30.4 1.0 10.1 1.1 26.6 1.5 52.2 2.4 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007............................................... 31.3 0.8 7.5 0.7 28.0 1.1 55.5 1.6 

 2006............................................... 32.0 0.8 8.8 0.7 30.3 1.2 55.8 1.5 

 2005............................................... 32.2 0.9 7.7 0.6 30.5 1.3 56.4 1.6 

 2004............................................... 32.2 0.7 8.5 0.6 33.5 1.3 54.8 1.4 

 2003............................................... 32.7 0.7 9.2 0.7 32.9 1.1 55.3 1.4 

 2002............................................... 32.4 0.7 8.5 0.7 33.3 1.1 55.0 1.3 

 2001............................................... 30.3 0.7 8.7 0.6 30.5 1.0 50.5 1.4 

 2000............................................... 30.1 0.7 8.3 0.6 29.2 0.9 51.3 1.3 

 1999............................................... 30.1 0.7 6.7 0.5 29.1 1.0 52.5 1.3 

 1998............................................... 31.8 2.0 8.0 1.4 32.3 2.1 54.7 3.8 

 1997............................................... 31.9 1.5 9.4 1.3 33.2 1.7 54.3 3.5 

 1996............................................... 28.4 1.4 9.2 1.5 32.0 2.5 48.2 2.7 

 1995............................................... 31.7 1.7 11.4 1.5 32.1 2.2 54.3 3.4 

 1994............................................... 34.1 1.9 12.5 2.0 30.8 2.6 57.8 3.4 

 1993............................................... 30.1 1.7 #8.7 1.6 29.6 2.4 52.8 3.2 

 1992............................................... 27.1 1.6 #4.7 1.0 28.0 2.6 49.7 3.2 

 1991............................................... 32.0 1.2 9.2 1.3 27.8 1.8 56.2 2.9 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007............................................... 20.2 1.3 5.8 1.0 15.8 1.7 39.4 2.8 

 2006............................................... 18.1 1.2 #3.9 0.8 16.2 1.7 35.3 2.5 

 2005............................................... 16.7 0.9 6.3 1.1 17.0 1.4 27.9 1.9 

 2004............................................... 17.8 1.4 #3.5 0.7 16.6 1.8 34.6 2.9 

 2003............................................... 17.2 1.1 #6.3 1.2 14.2 1.7 32.7 2.6 

 2002............................................... 18.5 1.1 #5.2 0.9 18.3 1.9 34.5 2.4 

 2001............................................... 19.1 1.6 #3.8 0.9 18.5 1.8 35.7 3.1 

 2000............................................... 17.4 1.2 #4.8 0.9 14.3 1.6 32.7 2.7 

 1999............................................... 15.9 1.1 #4.6 1.0 13.2 1.6 28.3 2.5 

 1998............................................... 21.3 2.3 #7.3 1.7 #20.3 3.6 34.5 3.7 

 1997............................................... 23.2 1.8 #11.6 2.3 19.9 2.4 37.0 3.8 

 1996............................................... 21.7 1.9 #6.3 1.4 19.4 3.1 36.8 3.7 

 1995............................................... 21.6 1.7 #8.9 2.3 17.4 2.5 39.0 3.3 

 1994............................................... 18.1 1.9 #6.9 1.7 23.0 3.4 26.0 3.1 

 1993............................................... 18.5 2.0 #5.8 2.0 #15.6 3.0 34.7 3.8 

 1992............................................... 20.4 2.1 #4.9 2.0 #17.6 3.1 37.7 4.2 

 1991............................................... 27.6 2.4 #13.0 2.8 22.0 3.2 46.1 5.1 

 Hispanic 

 2007............................................... 23.4 1.1 #6.8 1.3 25.7 1.8 39.2 2.7 

 2006............................................... 24.8 1.4 10.8 1.6 24.4 2.5 41.0 2.9 
Table 1-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

37

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Female 

 Hispanic 

 2005............................................... 23.0 1.4 #8.2 1.6 27.0 2.0 35.2 2.4 

 2004............................................... 25.7 1.4 #9.5 1.7 26.6 2.3 42.5 2.9 

 2003............................................... 23.3 1.4 #8.7 1.6 24.6 1.9 36.9 3.0 

 2002............................................... 22.5 1.3 #7.5 1.3 26.4 2.3 35.0 2.6 

 2001............................................... 23.0 1.4 #7.6 1.4 21.7 2.2 40.6 2.8 

 2000............................................... 23.0 1.3 9.8 1.4 23.3 1.8 35.4 3.1 

 1999............................................... 20.7 1.2 7.3 1.1 25.2 2.3 29.2 2.4 

 1998............................................... 24.8 1.7 #12.0 2.3 26.1 4.0 36.5 3.0 

 1997............................................... 24.1 1.7 #10.7 2.5 25.3 2.9 36.8 3.6 

 1996............................................... 23.5 1.8 9.1 1.6 24.9 3.5 35.4 4.1 

 1995............................................... 24.1 1.9 11.9 1.8 24.7 3.3 35.6 4.7 

 1994............................................... 25.1 2.6 #15.2 3.0 26.0 3.9 32.9 4.8 

 1993............................................... 21.3 1.7 #9.2 2.1 20.1 3.3 33.6 4.0 

 1992............................................... 21.8 1.9 #7.5 1.8 23.6 3.0 35.2 3.4 

 1991............................................... 25.4 2.0 #11.8 2.2 30.0 3.0 33.9 3.8 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007............................................... #31.5 11.6 #1.7 1.3 #40.3 19.7 #51.8 11.8 

 2006............................................... 25.0 4.3 #25.6 12.2 #19.7 5.7 #29.0 9.3 

 2005............................................... #17.7 5.4 #6.2 3.1 #16.9 6.5 #30.0 11.4 

 2004............................................... 28.5 4.7 #7.3 5.5 #31.4 10.5 #45.8 12.7 

 2003............................................... 31.7 4.7 #9.4 3.4 #29.4 7.6 #52.8 10.6 

 2002............................................... #45.3 8.5 #12.2 5.1 67.6 9.6 #50.5 13.7 

 2001............................................... #14.3 3.5 #7.3 3.9 #18.8 6.3 #17.8 9.5 

 2000............................................... #37.4 8.3 #16.8 9.9 #39.9 10.2 #51.5 15.2 

 1999............................................... #26.4 6.4 #9.8 6.6 #35.8 9.4 #52.6 12.9 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2007............................................... #17.6 3.2 #0.2 0.1 #17.2 4.7 33.1 5.7 

 2006............................................... #19.5 5.3 #2.7 2.5 #12.8 6.6 #38.2 7.9 

 2005............................................... 15.9 2.4 #3.3 2.2 #12.6 3.5 30.7 4.5 

 2004............................................... 15.8 1.8 #9.5 3.0 #8.1 2.7 26.6 4.2 

 2003............................................... 19.4 2.6 #2.1 2.0 #21.9 4.6 #30.8 5.6 

 2002............................................... 16.0 2.4 #1.1 0.8 #15.1 3.7 29.8 5.0 

 2001............................................... 20.7 3.0 #4.7 1.8 #19.6 4.7 #34.7 6.7 

 2000............................................... 12.2 2.1 #0.7 0.5 #11.3 2.9 #24.8 4.9 

 1999............................................... 19.8 2.6 #5.4 2.1 #15.0 3.2 38.4 5.8 

 More than one race 

 2007............................................... 26.8 3.6 #3.9 1.3 25.5 4.1 #48.4 9.3 

 2006............................................... 27.5 3.5 #8.0 3.3 #28.0 5.7 #54.4 10.0 

 2005............................................... 26.9 3.1 #9.3 2.3 #28.4 5.3 #44.6 8.3 

 2004............................................... 27.0 2.9 #6.0 1.7 29.9 5.1 54.2 7.4 

 2003............................................... 28.0 3.6 #9.6 3.6 #22.9 5.3 61.8 6.5 

 2002............................................... 29.5 4.3 #12.4 4.7 #24.0 6.2 61.4 7.9 

 2001............................................... 26.6 4.4 #3.9 2.6 #29.0 6.5 #43.9 8.6 

 2000............................................... 23.8 3.1 #8.9 3.0 #29.5 5.4 #45.9 8.2 

 1999............................................... 28.8 4.0 #4.6 2.4 #30.2 5.8 57.5 8.2 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5% 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 1-2. MTF: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 1991–2007.

38

Sex and Year Total* 8th grade 10th grade 12th grade 

Both sexes 

2007............................... 30.9 15.9 33.4 44.4 

2006............................... 31.7 17.2 33.8 45.3 

2005............................... 32.0 17.1 33.2 47.0 

2004............................... 33.4 18.6 35.2 48.0 

2003............................... 33.9 19.7 35.4 47.5 

2002............................... 33.9 19.6 35.4 48.6 

2001............................... 35.8 21.5 39.0 49.8 

2000............................... 36.7 22.4 41.0 50.0 

1999............................... 37.6 24.0 40.0 51.0 

1998............................... 37.3 23.0 38.8 52.0 

1997............................... 38.4 24.5 40.1 52.7 

1996............................... 38.4 26.2 40.4 50.8 

1995............................... 37.8 24.6 38.8 51.3 

1994............................... 38.0 25.5 39.2 50.1 

1993............................... 37.2 24.3 38.2 48.6 

1992............................... 38.5 26.1 39.9 51.3 

1991............................... 40.0 25.1 42.8 54.0 

Male 

2007............................... 31.3 15.6 33.4 47.1 

2006............................... 31.9 16.3 33.8 47.3 

2005............................... 32.5 16.2 32.8 50.7 

2004............................... 34.3 17.9 36.3 51.1 

2003............................... 34.9 19.4 35.3 51.7 

2002............................... 34.6 19.1 35.3 52.3 

2001............................... 38.2 22.3 41.1 54.7 

2000............................... 38.5 22.5 43.3 54.0 

1999............................... 39.9 24.8 42.3 55.3 

1998............................... 39.6 24.0 40.0 57.3 

1997............................... 40.5 25.2 42.5 56.2 

1996............................... 40.5 26.6 42.6 54.8 

1995............................... 39.6 25.0 39.7 55.7 

1994............................... 41.3 26.5 43.5 55.5 

1993............................... 39.4 25.3 40.6 54.2 

1992............................... 40.5 26.3 41.6 55.8 

1991............................... 42.8 26.3 45.5 58.4 

Female 

2007............................... 30.2 16.0 33.3 41.4 

2006............................... 31.1 17.6 33.8 43.0 

2005............................... 31.2 17.9 33.6 43.3 

2004............................... 32.1 19.0 34.0 45.1 

2003............................... 32.6 19.8 35.3 43.8 

2002............................... 33.0 20.0 35.7 45.1 

2001............................... 33.3 20.6 36.8 45.1 

2000............................... 34.6 22.0 38.6 46.1 

1999............................... 35.3 23.3 38.1 46.8 

1998............................... 34.9 21.9 37.7 46.9 

1997............................... 36.3 23.9 37.9 48.9 

1996............................... 36.3 25.8 38.3 46.9 

1995............................... 36.0 24.0 37.8 47.0 

1994............................... 34.8 24.7 34.8 45.2 

1993............................... 35.0 23.7 35.6 43.4 

1992............................... 36.5 25.9 38.3 46.8 

1991............................... 37.0 23.8 40.2 49.0 

* Estimates for 8th–12th grades combined are calculated by AEDS using the MTF public-use data.

NOTE: Standard errors are not available. 

SOURCE: Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2008). Monitoring the Future national survey 

results on drug use, 1975–2007: Volume I, Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 08-6418A). Bethesda, MD: National 

Institute on Drug Abuse. 
Table 1-3. YRBS: Prevalence of drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 1991–2007.

39

Grade 

Sex and Year Total 9th grade 10th grade 11th grade 12th grade 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

Both sexes 

2007 .......................... 44.7 1.2 35.7 1.2 41.8 1.7 49.0 1.8 54.9 2.1 

2005 .......................... 43.3 1.4 36.2 1.2 42.0 2.0 46.0 2.0 50.8 2.1 

2003 .......................... 44.9 1.2 36.2 1.4 43.5 1.7 47.0 2.1 55.9 1.7 

2001 .......................... 47.1 1.1 41.1 1.8 45.2 1.3 49.3 1.7 55.2 1.5 

1999 .......................... 50.0 1.3 40.6 2.2 49.7 1.9 50.9 2.0 61.7 2.3 

1997 .......................... 50.8 1.4 44.2 3.1 47.2 2.2 53.2 1.5 57.3 2.5 

1995 .......................... 51.6 1.2 45.6 1.9 49.5 2.4 53.7 1.5 56.5 1.6 

1993 .......................... 48.0 1.1 40.5 1.8 44.0 2.0 49.7 1.7 56.4 1.4 

1991 .......................... 50.8 1.7 40.9 2.6 47.8 1.7 54.5 2.0 59.9 2.2 

Male 

2007 .......................... 44.7 1.4 34.3 2.1 41.4 2.1 51.5 1.7 55.6 2.8 

2005 .......................... 43.8 1.4 36.3 1.7 41.4 2.3 47.8 2.1 52.0 2.1 

2003 .......................... 43.8 1.3 33.9 1.8 42.2 1.9 47.3 2.2 56.0 1.9 

2001 .......................... 49.2 1.4 42.2 2.3 46.9 1.6 53.6 2.2 56.6 1.6 

1999 .......................... 52.3 1.5 40.2 2.2 52.7 3.0 53.5 2.9 66.6 2.3 

1997 .......................... 53.3 1.2 44.7 3.8 48.7 2.0 57.8 1.5 60.2 2.9 

1995 .......................... 53.2 1.3 46.9 2.4 50.4 3.1 55.5 2.0 59.5 2.0 

1993 .......................... 50.1 1.2 40.2 2.2 44.1 2.2 53.6 2.2 60.5 2.2 

1991 .......................... 52.7 2.0 40.2 3.5 48.9 1.8 58.5 2.7 62.8 2.9 

Female 

2007 .......................... 44.6 1.4 37.2 2.0 42.3 2.2 46.5 2.3 54.2 2.2 

2005 .......................... 42.8 1.6 36.2 1.7 42.7 1.9 44.2 2.5 49.6 2.6 

2003 .......................... 45.8 1.3 38.5 1.7 44.9 1.8 46.8 2.4 55.5 2.0 

2001 .......................... 45.0 1.1 40.0 2.1 43.5 1.6 45.1 1.5 53.9 2.2 

1999 .......................... 47.7 1.5 41.0 3.0 46.8 1.7 48.3 2.6 56.9 3.0 

1997 .......................... 47.8 2.0 43.7 3.4 45.3 3.8 47.8 3.2 53.7 2.8 

1995 .......................... 49.9 1.8 43.7 2.9 48.6 2.7 51.8 2.6 53.6 2.6 

1993 .......................... 45.9 1.3 40.5 2.8 44.0 2.2 45.9 2.1 52.0 1.7 

1991 .......................... 48.8 1.6 41.5 2.6 46.6 2.4 50.2 2.1 56.9 2.0 
Table 2-1. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1

40

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 14.06 0.02 11.47 0.03 13.62 0.02 15.19 0.02 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.97 0.02 11.45 0.04 13.56 0.02 15.14 0.03 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.90 0.02 11.40 0.03 13.53 0.02 15.07 0.02 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.85 0.02 11.36 0.03 13.51 0.02 15.04 0.02 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.82 0.02 11.36 0.03 13.51 0.02 15.00 0.03 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.81 0.02 11.38 0.03 13.49 0.02 15.02 0.03 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.81 0.02 11.42 0.03 13.49 0.02 15.00 0.03 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.88 0.03 11.42 0.04 13.53 0.03 15.04 0.04 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.91 0.04 11.54 0.05 13.56 0.03 15.11 0.05 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.94 0.06 11.58 0.06 13.58 0.04 15.15 0.06 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.85 0.06 11.55 0.07 13.53 0.05 15.12 0.05 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.80 0.07 11.30 0.08 13.49 0.06 15.03 0.06 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.76 0.07 11.23 0.08 13.48 0.06 14.95 0.07 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.76 0.07 11.21 0.08 13.48 0.06 14.85 0.07 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.65 0.05 11.28 0.06 13.39 0.04 14.71 0.06 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.03 0.03 11.49 0.04 13.62 0.02 15.05 0.03 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.91 0.02 11.49 0.04 13.56 0.02 14.98 0.04 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.83 0.02 11.44 0.04 13.52 0.02 14.88 0.03 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.77 0.02 11.41 0.04 13.50 0.02 14.84 0.03 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.74 0.02 11.38 0.04 13.46 0.02 14.84 0.03 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.74 0.02 11.41 0.03 13.45 0.02 14.90 0.03 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.75 0.03 11.44 0.03 13.46 0.02 14.91 0.03 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.82 0.03 11.42 0.04 13.51 0.03 14.94 0.05 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.85 0.05 11.58 0.06 13.53 0.04 14.99 0.07 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.85 0.06 11.59 0.08 13.55 0.05 15.00 0.09 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.75 0.07 11.55 0.10 13.48 0.06 14.97 0.08 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.72 0.08 11.33 0.09 13.43 0.07 14.88 0.08 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.70 0.09 11.29 0.10 13.44 0.07 14.81 0.08 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.69 0.09 11.28 0.10 13.43 0.07 14.70 0.08 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.54 0.06 11.26 0.08 13.33 0.05 14.52 0.07 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.28 0.07 11.29 0.08 13.72 0.07 15.82 0.07 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.20 0.07 11.16 0.08 13.62 0.07 15.78 0.08 

 2003–2005....................................... 14.16 0.07 11.09 0.10 13.61 0.07 15.73 0.07 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.19 0.07 11.02 0.11 13.60 0.07 15.69 0.07 

 2001–2003....................................... 14.18 0.08 11.18 0.09 13.68 0.07 15.63 0.07 

 2000–2002....................................... 14.18 0.07 11.20 0.08 13.70 0.07 15.54 0.07 

 1999–2001....................................... 14.13 0.07 11.30 0.09 13.68 0.08 15.45 0.08 

 1998–2000....................................... 14.24 0.07 11.22 0.11 13.68 0.08 15.52 0.08 

 1997–1999....................................... 14.30 0.09 11.29 0.10 13.74 0.08 15.57 0.09 

 1996–1998....................................... 14.44 0.10 11.32 0.14 13.81 0.09 15.73 0.10 

 1995–1997....................................... 14.35 0.11 11.32 0.12 13.76 0.10 15.70 0.10 

 1994–1996....................................... 14.21 0.13 11.18 0.19 13.79 0.12 15.56 0.12 

 1993–1995....................................... 14.07 0.14 11.19 0.18 13.74 0.11 15.41 0.11 

 1992–1994....................................... 14.10 0.13 11.16 0.20 13.82 0.11 15.40 0.11 

 1991–1993....................................... 14.12 0.10 11.42 0.18 13.68 0.10 15.44 0.09 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.97 0.07 11.61 0.07 13.57 0.06 15.19 0.08 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.94 0.06 11.50 0.09 13.50 0.06 15.13 0.07 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.95 0.06 11.46 0.08 13.53 0.06 15.10 0.07 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.91 0.07 11.39 0.08 13.56 0.06 15.11 0.08 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.88 0.06 11.43 0.07 13.65 0.06 15.00 0.08 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.82 0.06 11.44 0.06 13.60 0.06 15.00 0.08 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.89 0.06 11.45 0.06 13.57 0.05 14.97 0.07 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.89 0.06 11.46 0.07 13.55 0.06 15.06 0.08 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.92 0.07 11.52 0.08 13.57 0.07 15.25 0.11 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.93 0.09 11.62 0.10 13.64 0.08 15.27 0.10 

 1995–1997....................................... 14.00 0.09 11.63 0.12 13.72 0.08 15.23 0.10 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.89 0.11 11.28 0.15 13.59 0.09 15.12 0.11 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.77 0.12 11.12 0.19 13.51 0.10 15.02 0.12 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.71 0.13 11.12 0.20 13.37 0.11 15.00 0.12 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.74 0.10 11.19 0.16 13.44 0.09 14.82 0.10 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.42 0.33 11.16 0.70 13.06 0.52 15.10 0.20 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.19 0.24 10.93 0.56 13.06 0.22 14.86 0.27 
Table 2-1. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued

41

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.19 0.17 11.23 0.27 13.05 0.18 14.71 0.36 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.01 0.22 11.23 0.34 12.42 0.26 14.51 0.43 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.13 0.25 11.25 0.50 12.42 0.27 14.83 0.49 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.18 0.27 11.16 0.58 12.60 0.35 14.96 0.51 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.39 0.28 10.55 0.64 13.16 0.27 15.40 0.37 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.91 0.16 11.64 0.21 13.94 0.14 16.04 0.20 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.99 0.18 11.74 0.20 13.88 0.16 16.18 0.20 

 2003–2005....................................... 14.72 0.15 11.62 0.26 13.81 0.18 15.91 0.15 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.65 0.15 11.55 0.25 13.63 0.23 15.96 0.15 

 2001–2003....................................... 14.42 0.13 11.43 0.29 13.70 0.20 15.56 0.14 

 2000–2002....................................... 14.35 0.13 11.53 0.26 13.69 0.18 15.54 0.14 

 1999–2001....................................... 14.23 0.14 11.70 0.23 13.68 0.15 15.51 0.15 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.44 0.15 11.13 0.18 13.30 0.15 14.75 0.19 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.34 0.14 11.45 0.22 13.22 0.15 14.90 0.23 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.30 0.17 11.46 0.20 13.07 0.20 14.96 0.21 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.47 0.18 11.41 0.21 13.18 0.19 15.07 0.19 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.41 0.20 11.21 0.17 13.20 0.22 14.90 0.23 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.31 0.16 11.24 0.18 13.23 0.15 14.72 0.26 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.18 0.16 11.34 0.16 13.24 0.17 14.31 0.31 

 

Male 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 13.97 0.04 11.35 0.05 13.54 0.03 15.14 0.03 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.86 0.03 11.28 0.05 13.46 0.03 15.04 0.04 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.79 0.03 11.19 0.05 13.44 0.03 14.94 0.04 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.73 0.03 11.15 0.05 13.41 0.03 14.91 0.04 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.69 0.03 11.13 0.04 13.43 0.03 14.86 0.04 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.67 0.03 11.17 0.04 13.41 0.03 14.89 0.04 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.66 0.03 11.18 0.04 13.41 0.03 14.87 0.04 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.72 0.04 11.14 0.05 13.42 0.04 14.91 0.06 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.76 0.05 11.26 0.07 13.43 0.05 14.93 0.08 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.80 0.07 11.29 0.10 13.45 0.05 14.94 0.09 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.67 0.08 11.34 0.11 13.37 0.06 14.90 0.08 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.58 0.08 11.07 0.18 13.35 0.08 14.75 0.10 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.50 0.08 11.01 0.19 13.27 0.07 14.69 0.10 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.51 0.08 10.92 0.18 13.30 0.07 14.57 0.10 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.39 0.07 11.01 0.11 13.13 0.07 14.48 0.08 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.95 0.04 11.35 0.06 13.53 0.04 15.01 0.05 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.81 0.04 11.30 0.06 13.46 0.04 14.88 0.05 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.72 0.04 11.20 0.06 13.43 0.04 14.76 0.05 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.65 0.04 11.16 0.05 13.41 0.04 14.71 0.05 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.63 0.04 11.13 0.05 13.41 0.04 14.74 0.05 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.63 0.03 11.18 0.05 13.39 0.03 14.82 0.05 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.61 0.04 11.19 0.04 13.38 0.04 14.82 0.05 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.66 0.05 11.14 0.06 13.38 0.05 14.85 0.08 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.70 0.07 11.31 0.09 13.42 0.06 14.84 0.10 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.72 0.08 11.31 0.12 13.44 0.07 14.80 0.12 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.57 0.10 11.35 0.15 13.34 0.07 14.77 0.11 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.48 0.10 11.13 0.20 13.30 0.10 14.61 0.13 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.43 0.11 11.08 0.22 13.20 0.09 14.56 0.14 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.42 0.11 11.02 0.20 13.23 0.09 14.44 0.13 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.28 0.09 11.00 0.13 13.04 0.09 14.35 0.10 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.22 0.09 11.25 0.14 13.68 0.09 15.72 0.11 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.09 0.10 11.11 0.17 13.52 0.09 15.60 0.13 

 2003–2005....................................... 14.03 0.11 10.83 0.18 13.46 0.10 15.54 0.10 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.03 0.11 10.77 0.18 13.44 0.10 15.51 0.09 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.99 0.12 10.87 0.18 13.50 0.10 15.41 0.10 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.99 0.11 10.95 0.16 13.50 0.11 15.30 0.11 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.90 0.12 11.08 0.15 13.47 0.12 15.17 0.12 

 1998–2000....................................... 14.05 0.11 11.05 0.17 13.58 0.11 15.25 0.12 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.97 0.14 11.02 0.19 13.63 0.11 15.10 0.15 

 1996–1998....................................... 14.15 0.14 10.97 0.26 13.71 0.13 15.29 0.18 
Table 2-1. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued

42

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.95 0.17 10.82 0.28 13.61 0.13 15.23 0.16 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.84 0.17 10.74 0.30 13.57 0.16 15.30 0.16 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.68 0.14 10.84 0.28 13.52 0.15 15.10 0.23 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.75 0.14 10.79 0.28 13.63 0.16 15.01 0.24 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.77 0.12 11.02 0.30 13.56 0.14 15.00 0.19 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.84 0.10 11.43 0.13 13.46 0.09 15.10 0.13 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.82 0.09 11.30 0.13 13.43 0.10 15.02 0.10 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.91 0.09 11.29 0.13 13.51 0.10 14.93 0.10 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.87 0.10 11.26 0.11 13.49 0.10 14.94 0.11 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.82 0.09 11.28 0.11 13.56 0.09 14.80 0.10 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.67 0.08 11.27 0.11 13.43 0.08 14.78 0.11 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.77 0.08 11.23 0.10 13.47 0.08 14.81 0.10 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.71 0.09 11.22 0.12 13.45 0.09 14.82 0.11 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.83 0.11 11.26 0.16 13.43 0.10 15.12 0.13 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.82 0.12 11.45 0.19 13.43 0.12 15.13 0.14 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.84 0.12 11.50 0.17 13.46 0.11 15.08 0.14 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.72 0.14 10.93 0.48 13.40 0.13 14.83 0.15 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.61 0.15 10.29 0.49 13.35 0.12 14.81 0.16 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.56 0.15 10.27 0.50 13.25 0.15 14.79 0.17 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.51 0.12 11.00 0.26 13.18 0.14 14.74 0.15 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.60 0.36 10.66 1.18 13.34 0.26 14.86 0.37 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.12 0.32 10.61 0.82 13.01 0.34 14.60 0.34 

 2003–2005....................................... 12.97 0.29 10.13 0.67 13.07 0.34 14.70 0.45 

 2002–2004....................................... 12.84 0.43 11.07 0.49 11.97 0.58 15.08 0.42 

 2001–2003....................................... 12.86 0.35 11.16 0.62 12.30 0.49 14.79 0.40 

 2000–2002....................................... 12.92 0.36 11.76 0.66 12.21 0.57 15.03 0.46 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.10 0.36 10.71 0.82 12.94 0.44 15.25 0.35 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.72 0.22 11.39 0.19 13.72 0.17 16.12 0.23 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.77 0.26 11.52 0.28 13.69 0.24 16.24 0.19 

 2003–2005....................................... 14.46 0.21 11.59 0.44 13.42 0.28 15.93 0.20 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.33 0.22 11.57 0.50 13.38 0.34 15.83 0.20 

 2001–2003....................................... 14.15 0.22 11.36 0.54 13.50 0.30 15.35 0.21 

 2000–2002....................................... 14.11 0.22 11.33 0.54 13.78 0.25 15.34 0.20 

 1999–2001....................................... 14.09 0.22 11.51 0.39 13.73 0.22 15.49 0.24 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.27 0.26 11.17 0.28 13.25 0.32 14.68 0.40 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.29 0.27 11.27 0.44 13.25 0.30 14.84 0.32 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.00 0.30 11.24 0.39 12.75 0.44 15.07 0.36 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.37 0.29 11.19 0.53 13.03 0.38 14.93 0.31 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.29 0.30 10.67 0.40 12.94 0.41 14.66 0.41 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.34 0.23 10.46 0.51 13.20 0.26 14.32 0.40 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.05 0.30 10.81 0.44 13.28 0.35 13.96 0.52 

 

Female 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 14.14 0.03 11.60 0.04 13.70 0.03 15.24 0.03 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.06 0.03 11.62 0.04 13.64 0.03 15.23 0.03 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.99 0.03 11.60 0.04 13.61 0.03 15.18 0.03 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.96 0.03 11.56 0.04 13.59 0.03 15.16 0.03 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.93 0.03 11.57 0.04 13.58 0.03 15.12 0.03 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.93 0.03 11.60 0.04 13.57 0.03 15.13 0.03 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.94 0.03 11.67 0.04 13.57 0.02 15.11 0.03 

 1998–2000....................................... 14.01 0.04 11.68 0.05 13.63 0.04 15.15 0.04 

 1997–1999....................................... 14.06 0.06 11.80 0.07 13.67 0.05 15.27 0.06 

 1996–1998....................................... 14.08 0.07 11.85 0.08 13.69 0.05 15.36 0.08 

 1995–1997....................................... 14.02 0.07 11.76 0.09 13.67 0.06 15.34 0.07 

 1994–1996....................................... 14.03 0.08 11.51 0.10 13.61 0.08 15.24 0.07 

 1993–1995....................................... 14.02 0.08 11.43 0.10 13.67 0.08 15.15 0.07 

 1992–1994....................................... 14.02 0.08 11.47 0.10 13.65 0.08 15.11 0.07 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.91 0.06 11.53 0.08 13.64 0.06 14.97 0.08 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.10 0.03 11.62 0.05 13.69 0.03 15.09 0.03 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.00 0.03 11.70 0.06 13.65 0.03 15.06 0.04 
Table 2-1. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued

43

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. 

 

Female 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.92 0.03 11.67 0.05 13.60 0.03 15.00 0.04 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.88 0.03 11.66 0.05 13.57 0.03 14.97 0.04 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.85 0.03 11.61 0.05 13.51 0.03 14.94 0.04 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.85 0.03 11.65 0.05 13.51 0.03 14.97 0.04 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.87 0.03 11.71 0.04 13.52 0.03 15.00 0.04 

 1998–2000....................................... 13.95 0.04 11.72 0.07 13.62 0.04 15.02 0.06 

 1997–1999....................................... 13.98 0.06 11.86 0.09 13.64 0.05 15.11 0.08 

 1996–1998....................................... 13.98 0.08 11.86 0.10 13.64 0.06 15.18 0.11 

 1995–1997....................................... 13.91 0.08 11.76 0.12 13.60 0.07 15.16 0.11 

 1994–1996....................................... 13.97 0.10 11.54 0.12 13.54 0.09 15.10 0.09 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.99 0.10 11.51 0.13 13.63 0.10 15.03 0.09 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.97 0.10 11.55 0.13 13.60 0.10 14.95 0.09 

 1991–1993....................................... 13.80 0.07 11.53 0.10 13.61 0.07 14.71 0.10 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.35 0.10 11.31 0.12 13.77 0.09 15.91 0.10 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.32 0.10 11.20 0.12 13.72 0.09 15.94 0.10 

 2003–2005....................................... 14.29 0.10 11.24 0.12 13.76 0.09 15.94 0.10 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.34 0.09 11.16 0.12 13.75 0.09 15.90 0.09 

 2001–2003....................................... 14.37 0.10 11.44 0.12 13.84 0.09 15.87 0.09 

 2000–2002....................................... 14.38 0.10 11.42 0.11 13.88 0.09 15.75 0.10 

 1999–2001....................................... 14.36 0.10 11.53 0.12 13.84 0.10 15.73 0.12 

 1998–2000....................................... 14.47 0.10 11.40 0.13 13.77 0.10 15.77 0.11 

 1997–1999....................................... 14.64 0.11 11.55 0.12 13.84 0.11 16.01 0.14 

 1996–1998....................................... 14.79 0.13 11.60 0.16 13.90 0.12 16.09 0.14 

 1995–1997....................................... 14.75 0.13 11.62 0.14 13.94 0.13 16.08 0.15 

 1994–1996....................................... 14.55 0.17 11.60 0.27 14.06 0.17 15.82 0.16 

 1993–1995....................................... 14.51 0.17 11.54 0.28 14.05 0.16 15.70 0.14 

 1992–1994....................................... 14.52 0.17 11.55 0.31 14.05 0.15 15.69 0.13 

 1991–1993....................................... 14.60 0.16 11.68 0.20 13.82 0.14 15.71 0.09 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 14.08 0.07 11.75 0.09 13.66 0.08 15.29 0.09 

 2004–2006....................................... 14.05 0.07 11.68 0.10 13.57 0.09 15.26 0.10 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.98 0.08 11.62 0.11 13.54 0.08 15.30 0.10 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.96 0.08 11.54 0.11 13.61 0.09 15.32 0.10 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.93 0.08 11.57 0.09 13.73 0.09 15.25 0.11 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.99 0.08 11.60 0.08 13.76 0.08 15.26 0.11 

 1999–2001....................................... 14.01 0.07 11.67 0.08 13.66 0.07 15.21 0.12 

 1998–2000....................................... 14.05 0.08 11.66 0.09 13.63 0.09 15.38 0.13 

 1997–1999....................................... 14.01 0.09 11.70 0.09 13.71 0.10 15.43 0.15 

 1996–1998....................................... 14.06 0.10 11.76 0.13 13.85 0.11 15.51 0.15 

 1995–1997....................................... 14.15 0.10 11.76 0.16 14.00 0.10 15.47 0.16 

 1994–1996....................................... 14.07 0.15 11.47 0.16 13.82 0.14 15.50 0.17 

 1993–1995....................................... 13.96 0.17 11.36 0.15 13.74 0.17 15.27 0.18 

 1992–1994....................................... 13.89 0.18 11.37 0.15 13.54 0.18 15.24 0.20 

 1991–1993....................................... 14.02 0.12 11.34 0.15 13.72 0.13 14.90 0.15 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.25 0.59 11.22 0.69 12.48 0.95 15.30 0.29 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.24 0.34 11.03 0.68 13.10 0.32 15.18 0.44 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.33 0.20 11.55 0.15 13.04 0.23 14.73 0.44 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.09 0.25 11.47 0.46 12.60 0.24 13.96 0.50 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.29 0.33 11.34 0.73 12.51 0.30 14.85 0.62 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.36 0.39 10.72 0.72 12.91 0.38 14.90 0.66 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.63 0.43 10.50 0.72 13.38 0.31 15.55 0.50 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 15.07 0.21 12.10 0.31 14.21 0.20 15.95 0.28 

 2004–2006....................................... 15.16 0.21 11.99 0.20 14.08 0.22 16.08 0.31 

 2003–2005....................................... 14.97 0.18 11.66 0.33 14.14 0.19 15.89 0.23 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.98 0.18 11.52 0.35 13.86 0.27 16.09 0.19 

 2001–2003....................................... 14.71 0.18 11.55 0.33 13.87 0.25 15.74 0.19 

 2000–2002....................................... 14.56 0.16 11.85 0.28 13.61 0.22 15.72 0.19 

 1999–2001....................................... 14.35 0.18 11.95 0.26 13.63 0.17 15.53 0.22 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 13.57 0.18 11.08 0.21 13.35 0.18 14.80 0.23 

 2004–2006....................................... 13.38 0.16 11.63 0.26 13.20 0.18 14.99 0.33 

 2003–2005....................................... 13.50 0.18 11.74 0.25 13.30 0.22 14.88 0.25 

 2002–2004....................................... 13.56 0.21 11.53 0.22 13.30 0.21 15.17 0.23 
Table 2-1. NSDUH: Median age at first use of alcohol, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued

44

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. Years S.E. 

 

Female 

 More than one race 

 2001–2003....................................... 13.52 0.27 11.39 0.18 13.40 0.25 15.04 0.24 

 2000–2002....................................... 13.29 0.21 11.44 0.17 13.25 0.18 15.07 0.27 

 1999–2001....................................... 13.25 0.18 11.58 0.18 13.22 0.17 14.63 0.32 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5%. 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 2-2. NSDUH: Prevalence of initiating drinking at age 12 years or younger, by sex, 

among ever drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1

Both sexes Male Female 

Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

2007 .................................. 19.0 0.5 21.6 0.7 16.3 0.7 

2006 .................................. 20.4 0.5 23.4 0.8 17.2 0.6 

2005 .................................. 21.1 0.5 24.1 0.8 17.9 0.6 

2004 .................................. 22.3 0.6 26.1 0.9 18.3 0.5 

2003 .................................. 23.4 0.5 26.3 0.7 20.4 0.7 

2002 .................................. 23.6 0.5 27.2 0.7 19.8 0.6 

2001 .................................. 24.0 0.5 27.3 0.7 20.5 0.6 

2000 .................................. 24.5 0.5 28.3 0.7 20.5 0.6 

1999 .................................. 23.7 0.4 27.8 0.7 19.5 0.6 

1998 .................................. 20.9 0.9 23.3 1.3 18.3 1.2 

1997 .................................. 22.0 1.1 25.9 1.6 17.8 1.3 

1996 .................................. 22.0 0.9 26.6 1.3 16.8 1.3 

1995 .................................. 25.0 1.1 29.1 1.7 20.7 1.2 

1994 .................................. 25.7 1.3 31.0 1.8 20.1 1.4 

1993 .................................. 25.2 1.1 29.6 1.8 20.4 1.4 

1992 .................................. 24.4 0.9 30.0 1.3 18.3 1.3 

1991 .................................. 27.2 0.9 30.1 1.3 23.9 1.3 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be 

made with caution.

45
Table 2-3. YRBS: Prevalence of initiating drinking at age 12 years or younger, by sex, among ever drinkers, 

 United States, 1991–2007

46

Both sexes Male Female 

Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

2007...................... 33.7 1.2 39.0 1.6 28.2 1.2 

2005...................... 34.2 0.9 39.3 1.5 29.2 1.0 

2003...................... 36.8 1.2 43.2 1.3 30.4 1.6 

2001...................... 37.0 1.0 43.2 1.1 31.0 1.2 

1999...................... 39.7 1.5 46.3 2.4 32.8 1.4 

1997...................... 39.2 0.9 44.5 1.3 32.6 1.3 

1995...................... 40.1 1.2 47.5 1.4 32.0 1.7 

1993...................... 40.5 0.9 47.1 1.0 33.4 1.2 

1991...................... 40.0 1.4 45.3 1.5 34.3 1.5 
Table 3. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1

47

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 5.84 0.06 3.62 0.14 4.73 0.07 6.61 0.09 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.90 0.07 3.71 0.16 4.80 0.07 6.70 0.10 

 2003–2005....................................... 5.85 0.06 3.72 0.16 4.79 0.08 6.66 0.09 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.86 0.06 3.87 0.16 4.88 0.07 6.64 0.08 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.91 0.06 3.80 0.15 4.99 0.08 6.66 0.08 

 2000–2002....................................... 5.92 0.06 3.70 0.14 5.08 0.08 6.63 0.08 

 1999–2001....................................... 5.92 0.06 3.63 0.12 4.98 0.08 6.67 0.09 

 1998–2000....................................... 5.76 0.09 3.72 0.16 4.84 0.10 6.48 0.12 

 1997–1999....................................... 5.66 0.13 4.30 0.30 4.74 0.13 6.32 0.18 

 1996–1998....................................... 5.46 0.15 4.36 0.35 4.55 0.16 6.12 0.20 

 1995–1997....................................... 5.30 0.11 4.86 0.41 4.37 0.14 5.91 0.17 

 1994–1996....................................... 5.06 0.13 4.20 0.33 4.07 0.14 5.70 0.19 

 1993–1995....................................... 5.00 0.13 4.09 0.34 4.07 0.15 5.58 0.20 

 1992–1994....................................... 4.94 0.14 3.36 0.27 3.97 0.15 5.58 0.20 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.18 0.13 3.20 0.31 4.35 0.16 5.77 0.19 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.14 0.07 3.84 0.17 4.90 0.09 6.98 0.10 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.15 0.08 3.84 0.17 4.92 0.09 7.02 0.11 

 2003–2005....................................... 6.08 0.08 3.61 0.15 4.95 0.09 6.95 0.11 

 2002–2004....................................... 6.06 0.07 3.69 0.16 5.04 0.09 6.90 0.10 

 2001–2003....................................... 6.14 0.07 3.74 0.16 5.15 0.09 6.97 0.10 

 2000–2002....................................... 6.14 0.07 3.76 0.16 5.13 0.09 6.96 0.10 

 1999–2001....................................... 6.13 0.07 3.77 0.15 5.02 0.08 6.99 0.10 

 1998–2000....................................... 5.92 0.11 3.80 0.18 4.88 0.12 6.71 0.14 

 1997–1999....................................... 5.75 0.16 4.31 0.40 4.68 0.16 6.49 0.22 

 1996–1998....................................... 5.50 0.18 4.29 0.47 4.38 0.18 6.28 0.25 

 1995–1997....................................... 5.28 0.14 4.57 0.47 4.12 0.16 6.07 0.22 

 1994–1996....................................... 5.09 0.16 3.84 0.34 3.98 0.16 5.85 0.24 

 1993–1995....................................... 5.05 0.16 3.75 0.36 4.06 0.17 5.71 0.23 

 1992–1994....................................... 5.06 0.17 3.16 0.32 4.00 0.18 5.75 0.24 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.29 0.16 3.37 0.45 4.28 0.20 5.92 0.22 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 4.52 0.16 2.86 0.30 3.72 0.25 5.10 0.23 

 2004–2006....................................... 4.71 0.17 3.03 0.35 3.73 0.24 5.38 0.25 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.83 0.18 3.11 0.37 3.62 0.25 5.59 0.26 

 2002–2004....................................... 4.85 0.17 3.47 0.46 3.97 0.25 5.39 0.24 

 2001–2003....................................... 4.93 0.17 3.41 0.45 4.31 0.25 5.38 0.22 

 2000–2002....................................... 5.21 0.17 3.39 0.41 5.06 0.30 5.47 0.22 

 1999–2001....................................... 5.38 0.19 3.11 0.38 4.78 0.31 5.84 0.23 

 1998–2000....................................... 5.38 0.20 #3.95 0.76 4.81 0.35 5.76 0.24 

 1997–1999....................................... 5.42 0.31 4.91 0.61 4.70 0.34 5.81 0.41 

 1996–1998....................................... 5.35 0.34 5.06 0.61 4.95 0.36 5.58 0.47 

 1995–1997....................................... 5.09 0.33 4.91 0.85 4.76 0.36 5.30 0.49 

 1994–1996....................................... 4.94 0.24 4.91 0.62 4.13 0.34 5.39 0.38 

 1993–1995....................................... 4.91 0.27 4.66 0.62 4.10 0.37 5.38 0.45 

 1992–1994....................................... 4.82 0.27 4.32 0.64 3.92 0.35 5.33 0.43 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.10 0.28 2.23 0.26 5.04 0.43 5.44 0.39 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 5.44 0.15 3.40 0.40 4.58 0.15 6.16 0.23 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.68 0.17 3.60 0.45 4.85 0.24 6.44 0.25 

 2003–2005....................................... 5.62 0.17 3.91 0.49 4.78 0.25 6.32 0.24 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.69 0.17 3.92 0.41 4.74 0.25 6.51 0.25 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.55 0.16 3.69 0.33 4.81 0.23 6.23 0.23 

 2000–2002....................................... 5.42 0.17 3.40 0.24 5.11 0.25 5.92 0.24 

 1999–2001....................................... 5.41 0.16 3.29 0.27 5.16 0.25 5.87 0.23 

 1998–2000....................................... 5.50 0.18 3.23 0.27 5.02 0.27 6.18 0.28 

 1997–1999....................................... 5.66 0.19 4.21 0.60 5.11 0.29 6.24 0.29 

 1996–1998....................................... 5.55 0.23 4.57 0.64 5.06 0.34 6.01 0.31 

 1995–1997....................................... 5.42 0.24 5.47 0.83 4.97 0.34 5.69 0.34 

 1994–1996....................................... 5.02 0.23 4.16 0.59 4.65 0.45 5.34 0.32 

 1993–1995....................................... 4.99 0.22 3.91 0.59 4.53 0.46 5.39 0.34 

 1992–1994....................................... 4.76 0.22 3.18 0.46 4.44 0.47 5.17 0.33 

 1991–1993....................................... 4.93 0.21 3.44 0.48 4.48 0.26 5.45 0.34 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.20 0.90 #3.25 1.39 #7.65 1.64 6.13 0.84 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.12 0.83 #

3.83 1.68 #7.08 1.65 6.22 0.81 
Table 3. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

48

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2003–2005....................................... 6.19 0.73 #6.98 2.23 #6.66 1.49 5.78 0.75 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.57 0.61 #8.05 2.10 #5.88 1.19 4.95 0.56 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.57 0.74 #5.59 1.16 #6.41 1.65 4.89 0.52 

 2000–2002....................................... 5.70 0.82 #3.90 0.93 #6.62 1.69 5.25 0.67 

 1999–2001....................................... #5.42 0.99 3.21 0.56 #6.69 1.94 4.72 0.78 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 4.56 0.33 #2.17 0.52 3.63 0.38 5.03 0.44 

 2004–2006....................................... 4.50 0.34 #3.51 1.16 3.67 0.39 4.84 0.42 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.64 0.35 #6.42 2.54 3.19 0.33 4.96 0.40 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.02 0.35 #8.43 2.96 3.12 0.30 5.44 0.43 

 2001–2003....................................... 4.96 0.36 #7.59 4.44 3.35 0.36 5.44 0.44 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.28 0.29 #3.35 1.19 3.15 0.32 4.80 0.40 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.02 0.28 #3.14 1.14 3.52 0.40 4.30 0.37 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.19 0.31 4.52 0.69 5.20 0.67 6.91 0.43 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.39 0.45 4.36 0.67 5.80 0.62 7.06 0.67 

 2003–2005....................................... 5.98 0.41 4.60 0.66 5.65 0.58 6.41 0.60 

 2002–2004....................................... 6.05 0.49 #6.70 2.74 4.99 0.45 6.58 0.63 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.96 0.48 #6.46 2.84 4.32 0.40 6.78 0.58 

 2000–2002....................................... 6.16 0.55 #6.00 3.25 4.29 0.47 7.20 0.70 

 1999–2001....................................... 5.77 0.50 #3.06 0.55 3.97 0.52 7.10 0.78 

 

Male 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 6.56 0.09 3.82 0.29 5.18 0.13 7.42 0.12 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.64 0.10 4.08 0.32 5.27 0.13 7.53 0.13 

 2003–2005....................................... 6.63 0.09 4.05 0.27 5.27 0.13 7.53 0.14 

 2002–2004....................................... 6.68 0.09 4.08 0.26 5.32 0.12 7.62 0.13 

 2001–2003....................................... 6.79 0.09 3.84 0.21 5.45 0.12 7.76 0.12 

 2000–2002....................................... 6.77 0.09 3.75 0.21 5.58 0.12 7.68 0.12 

 1999–2001....................................... 6.73 0.09 3.76 0.18 5.46 0.12 7.68 0.13 

 1998–2000....................................... 6.54 0.14 4.18 0.26 5.37 0.16 7.37 0.19 

 1997–1999....................................... 6.58 0.19 4.82 0.45 5.31 0.20 7.42 0.26 

 1996–1998....................................... 6.53 0.22 5.20 0.55 5.27 0.25 7.33 0.31 

 1995–1997....................................... 6.46 0.18 5.35 0.59 5.14 0.21 7.33 0.26 

 1994–1996....................................... 6.08 0.19 4.65 0.47 4.77 0.22 6.87 0.28 

 1993–1995....................................... 5.97 0.20 4.57 0.53 4.76 0.25 6.68 0.27 

 1992–1994....................................... 5.75 0.20 3.93 0.54 4.47 0.24 6.46 0.27 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.86 0.19 3.77 0.52 4.77 0.26 6.55 0.27 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.84 0.11 4.06 0.33 5.27 0.16 7.77 0.14 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.86 0.11 4.17 0.33 5.26 0.14 7.87 0.14 

 2003–2005....................................... 6.85 0.10 3.84 0.26 5.31 0.14 7.88 0.15 

 2002–2004....................................... 6.86 0.10 3.90 0.28 5.39 0.13 7.91 0.14 

 2001–2003....................................... 7.04 0.10 3.76 0.25 5.54 0.13 8.15 0.14 

 2000–2002....................................... 6.98 0.11 3.80 0.26 5.59 0.13 8.02 0.14 

 1999–2001....................................... 6.93 0.11 3.80 0.22 5.43 0.13 8.03 0.15 

 1998–2000....................................... 6.63 0.16 4.15 0.28 5.36 0.19 7.55 0.23 

 1997–1999....................................... 6.55 0.23 4.59 0.57 5.16 0.22 7.49 0.32 

 1996–1998....................................... 6.51 0.27 4.94 0.68 5.01 0.27 7.47 0.38 

 1995–1997....................................... 6.45 0.23 5.15 0.68 4.75 0.25 7.57 0.35 

 1994–1996....................................... 6.17 0.25 4.60 0.57 4.51 0.25 7.17 0.35 

 1993–1995....................................... 6.05 0.25 4.59 0.67 4.62 0.30 6.89 0.34 

 1992–1994....................................... 5.86 0.25 #3.99 0.72 4.44 0.30 6.64 0.33 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.97 0.24 #3.93 0.74 4.73 0.34 6.70 0.33 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 5.30 0.27 2.94 0.40 4.33 0.41 5.98 0.37 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.47 0.29 3.57 0.56 4.38 0.41 6.14 0.41 

 2003–2005....................................... 5.69 0.31 3.45 0.59 4.21 0.40 6.55 0.43 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.73 0.28 #3.92 0.78 4.53 0.41 6.39 0.39 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.85 0.28 #3.46 0.70 4.84 0.43 6.49 0.35 

 2000–2002....................................... 6.17 0.29 #3.55 0.65 5.74 0.50 6.58 0.36 

 1999–2001....................................... 6.26 0.31 #3.07 0.58 5.28 0.52 6.88 0.36 

 1998–2000....................................... 6.34 0.32 #4.98 1.40 5.17 0.54 6.85 0.37 

 1997–1999....................................... 6.76 0.52 6.26 0.95 4.75 0.47 7.64 0.69 

 1996–1998....................................... 6.89 0.56 6.94 0.95 5.26 0.50 7.64 0.79 
Table 3. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

49

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 1995–1997....................................... 6.56 0.55 #6.70 1.42 5.22 0.52 7.34 0.85 

 1994–1996....................................... 6.22 0.41 #5.77 1.03 5.13 0.59 6.81 0.60 

 1993–1995....................................... 6.14 0.43 #5.38 1.02 5.10 0.70 6.73 0.66 

 1992–1994....................................... 5.90 0.43 #4.65 0.97 4.72 0.65 6.57 0.63 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.85 0.41 #2.88 0.53 5.32 0.60 6.44 0.56 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.26 0.23 #3.70 0.70 5.26 0.25 6.95 0.35 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.56 0.25 #3.89 0.83 5.75 0.40 7.23 0.37 

 2003–2005....................................... 6.47 0.26 #4.66 0.90 5.73 0.41 7.01 0.35 

 2002–2004....................................... 6.58 0.27 4.40 0.69 5.48 0.42 7.40 0.38 

 2001–2003....................................... 6.39 0.26 4.38 0.55 5.37 0.35 7.09 0.35 

 2000–2002....................................... 6.28 0.25 3.75 0.36 5.64 0.36 6.93 0.36 

 1999–2001....................................... 6.33 0.24 4.05 0.47 5.93 0.35 6.80 0.36 

 1998–2000....................................... 6.66 0.28 3.82 0.52 5.98 0.44 7.36 0.39 

 1997–1999....................................... 6.96 0.32 #5.32 1.11 6.22 0.48 7.57 0.42 

 1996–1998....................................... 6.59 0.35 #5.75 1.23 6.06 0.55 6.98 0.42 

 1995–1997....................................... 6.23 0.36 #6.00 1.35 5.91 0.52 6.43 0.48 

 1994–1996....................................... 5.64 0.33 #4.02 0.81 5.47 0.61 5.81 0.43 

 1993–1995....................................... 5.72 0.31 #3.97 0.92 5.22 0.55 6.04 0.42 

 1992–1994....................................... 5.47 0.30 #3.46 0.79 4.76 0.54 5.90 0.41 

 1991–1993....................................... 5.59 0.28 #4.01 0.76 4.85 0.36 6.17 0.41 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.46 0.97 #3.79 2.39 6.08 0.82 7.25 1.25 

 2004–2006....................................... 7.92 1.28 #5.24 3.35 #9.55 2.84 7.76 1.21 

 2003–2005....................................... 8.58 1.25 #8.49 3.54 #8.96 2.60 8.35 1.13 

 2002–2004....................................... 8.08 1.20 #10.79 3.17 #8.67 2.48 7.16 0.79 

 2001–2003....................................... #7.70 1.38 – – #9.18 2.88 6.70 0.66 

 2000–2002....................................... #7.04 1.51 – – #9.72 3.06 5.46 0.81 

 1999–2001....................................... #5.82 1.65 – – #8.31 2.98 3.61 0.54 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 5.50 0.53 #2.44 0.80 4.55 0.68 6.08 0.69 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.14 0.50 #4.22 2.14 3.88 0.56 5.68 0.61 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.89 0.47 – – 3.55 0.45 5.26 0.59 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.34 0.47 #7.16 2.90 3.28 0.42 5.88 0.59 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.18 0.47 2.00 0.25 3.71 0.51 5.72 0.60 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.92 0.45 #3.69 1.72 3.25 0.40 5.61 0.62 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.63 0.46 #3.94 2.23 3.87 0.61 5.06 0.62 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 6.83 0.47 #4.93 1.48 5.83 0.82 7.49 0.61 

 2004–2006....................................... 6.96 0.66 #4.69 1.65 6.43 0.79 7.54 1.03 

 2003–2005....................................... 6.35 0.61 #5.01 1.18 5.75 0.79 6.99 0.95 

 2002–2004....................................... 6.65 0.63 #3.92 1.01 5.52 0.76 7.78 0.96 

 2001–2003....................................... 6.71 0.67 #4.01 0.96 5.02 0.72 8.13 1.01 

 2000–2002....................................... 7.21 0.80 #2.25 0.55 #4.60 0.82 8.97 1.15 

 1999–2001....................................... 6.95 0.92 – – #4.51 1.01 8.58 1.37 

 

Female 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 5.04 0.08 3.46 0.18 4.27 0.08 5.65 0.11 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.07 0.07 3.43 0.17 4.33 0.08 5.72 0.11 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.99 0.07 3.45 0.19 4.32 0.09 5.60 0.11 

 2002–2004....................................... 4.97 0.07 3.68 0.20 4.44 0.10 5.46 0.10 

 2001–2003....................................... 4.94 0.07 3.76 0.20 4.53 0.10 5.35 0.09 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.98 0.07 3.66 0.18 4.58 0.10 5.39 0.10 

 1999–2001....................................... 5.01 0.07 3.50 0.16 4.48 0.09 5.50 0.10 

 1998–2000....................................... 4.89 0.10 3.27 0.19 4.29 0.12 5.43 0.13 

 1997–1999....................................... 4.57 0.11 3.72 0.31 4.13 0.14 4.94 0.15 

 1996–1998....................................... 4.12 0.13 3.46 0.33 3.77 0.15 4.44 0.18 

 1995–1997....................................... 3.87 0.12 4.31 0.60 3.51 0.14 4.02 0.16 

 1994–1996....................................... 3.85 0.13 3.78 0.45 3.35 0.16 4.15 0.21 

 1993–1995....................................... 3.89 0.13 3.65 0.47 3.37 0.14 4.21 0.22 

 1992–1994....................................... 4.01 0.15 2.85 0.30 3.46 0.15 4.46 0.25 

 1991–1993....................................... 4.36 0.17 2.56 0.27 3.86 0.20 4.80 0.24 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 5.39 0.08 3.68 0.19 4.51 0.09 6.06 0.13 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.37 0.08 3.58 0.17 4.58 0.10 6.05 0.13 
Table 3. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

50

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Female 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2003–2005....................................... 5.24 0.09 3.42 0.17 4.58 0.12 5.86 0.13 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.18 0.08 3.52 0.18 4.69 0.12 5.71 0.12 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.16 0.08 3.72 0.20 4.74 0.11 5.60 0.11 

 2000–2002....................................... 5.22 0.08 3.72 0.20 4.66 0.12 5.75 0.12 

 1999–2001....................................... 5.26 0.09 3.74 0.20 4.60 0.11 5.82 0.13 

 1998–2000....................................... 5.15 0.12 3.44 0.22 4.38 0.14 5.77 0.16 

 1997–1999....................................... 4.82 0.15 3.96 0.48 4.19 0.17 5.29 0.20 

 1996–1998....................................... 4.23 0.17 3.51 0.49 3.71 0.19 4.66 0.24 

 1995–1997....................................... 3.85 0.13 3.83 0.59 3.45 0.17 4.11 0.20 

 1994–1996....................................... 3.85 0.17 3.08 0.36 3.42 0.17 4.22 0.26 

 1993–1995....................................... 3.94 0.16 2.95 0.37 3.47 0.16 4.33 0.25 

 1992–1994....................................... 4.14 0.19 2.40 0.21 3.53 0.17 4.67 0.29 

 1991–1993....................................... 4.47 0.22 2.67 0.40 3.78 0.25 4.97 0.29 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.69 0.17 2.79 0.34 3.10 0.22 4.11 0.24 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.82 0.16 2.51 0.34 3.05 0.22 4.41 0.25 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.81 0.16 2.82 0.45 2.95 0.24 4.38 0.25 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.88 0.17 3.09 0.52 3.39 0.29 4.21 0.23 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.96 0.17 3.36 0.56 3.81 0.31 4.12 0.21 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.20 0.18 3.24 0.50 4.46 0.36 4.20 0.21 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.40 0.21 3.15 0.50 4.32 0.39 4.58 0.28 

 1998–2000....................................... 4.29 0.23 #2.89 0.60 4.49 0.47 4.39 0.27 

 1997–1999....................................... 3.94 0.27 #3.46 0.76 4.65 0.53 3.69 0.28 

 1996–1998....................................... 3.66 0.24 #3.19 0.73 4.62 0.52 3.26 0.22 

 1995–1997....................................... 3.44 0.21 #3.20 0.66 4.17 0.41 3.12 0.24 

 1994–1996....................................... 3.26 0.20 #3.82 0.82 3.06 0.32 3.29 0.28 

 1993–1995....................................... 3.33 0.24 #3.77 0.84 3.04 0.37 3.43 0.36 

 1992–1994....................................... 3.44 0.26 #3.85 1.00 3.06 0.36 3.60 0.38 

 1991–1993....................................... 4.22 0.36 1.61 0.14 4.64 0.81 4.37 0.42 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 4.40 0.17 3.15 0.50 3.89 0.22 4.97 0.27 

 2004–2006....................................... 4.59 0.20 3.38 0.52 3.91 0.24 5.28 0.30 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.56 0.19 3.29 0.50 3.83 0.23 5.30 0.29 

 2002–2004....................................... 4.58 0.20 3.45 0.46 3.99 0.26 5.22 0.30 

 2001–2003....................................... 4.46 0.18 2.96 0.32 4.26 0.32 4.90 0.26 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.30 0.20 3.04 0.32 4.55 0.35 4.39 0.26 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.23 0.19 2.64 0.28 4.29 0.34 4.51 0.26 

 1998–2000....................................... 4.03 0.19 2.79 0.26 3.94 0.26 4.40 0.32 

 1997–1999....................................... 3.94 0.20 3.19 0.41 3.84 0.23 4.19 0.32 

 1996–1998....................................... 4.11 0.22 3.67 0.53 3.78 0.26 4.45 0.37 

 1995–1997....................................... 4.29 0.22 #5.08 0.94 3.66 0.34 4.51 0.40 

 1994–1996....................................... 4.20 0.26 #4.22 0.75 3.76 0.62 4.50 0.42 

 1993–1995....................................... 4.01 0.27 #3.89 0.73 #3.78 0.70 4.20 0.41 

 1992–1994....................................... 3.80 0.27 3.03 0.53 #4.12 0.72 3.82 0.39 

 1991–1993....................................... 3.95 0.26 2.88 0.47 4.03 0.38 4.16 0.47 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... #5.89 1.59 #2.57 1.00 #8.79 2.25 4.37 0.72 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.96 0.47 #2.62 0.90 4.55 0.74 4.04 0.64 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.05 0.43 #4.88 1.25 #4.39 0.87 3.76 0.57 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.93 0.32 #5.85 1.81 4.08 0.59 3.54 0.49 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.86 0.34 #5.50 1.57 #3.94 0.69 3.49 0.50 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.57 0.56 #4.60 1.16 4.06 0.57 #5.04 1.06 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.95 0.78 #3.34 0.61 #4.40 0.85 #6.17 1.53 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.61 0.51 – – 2.71 0.41 4.00 0.65 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.82 0.54 #2.80 0.61 3.35 0.57 4.03 0.68 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.39 0.52 #7.28 3.96 2.89 0.49 4.64 0.57 

 2002–2004....................................... 4.67 0.53 #9.27 4.55 2.97 0.48 4.92 0.61 

 2001–2003....................................... 4.74 0.54 #13.25 6.98 3.13 0.52 5.12 0.64 

 2000–2002....................................... 3.65 0.38 #2.69 0.91 3.06 0.48 3.96 0.51 

 1999–2001....................................... 3.43 0.31 #2.46 0.86 3.15 0.52 3.60 0.41 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 5.67 0.43 4.23 0.58 #4.76 0.87 6.39 0.66 

 2004–2006....................................... 5.91 0.48 4.21 0.61 5.23 0.81 6.65 0.80 

 2003–2005....................................... 5.65 0.45 4.28 0.68 5.54 0.85 5.94 0.70 

 2002–2004....................................... 5.52 0.71 #

8.18 3.94 4.38 0.45 5.58 0.69 
Table 3. NSDUH: Mean frequency of drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

51

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Female 

 More than one race 

 2001–2003....................................... 5.30 0.70 #8.04 4.36 3.57 0.49 5.66 0.60 

 2000–2002....................................... 5.23 0.75 #7.18 4.08 4.01 0.56 5.49 0.64 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.69 0.42 #3.37 0.71 3.49 0.43 5.62 0.67 

– Fewer than 10 respondents in the cell. 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5%. 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 4. NSDUH: Mean quantity of drinking on drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1

52

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2005–2007..................................... 4.79 0.04 2.99 0.11 4.69 0.06 5.02 0.05 

 2004–2006..................................... 4.79 0.04 2.95 0.10 4.70 0.06 5.04 0.05 

 2003–2005..................................... 4.79 0.04 3.01 0.12 4.73 0.06 5.03 0.05 

 2002–2004..................................... 4.84 0.04 3.07 0.11 4.84 0.06 5.07 0.05 

 2001–2003..................................... 4.82 0.04 3.11 0.11 4.84 0.06 5.02 0.05 

 2000–2002..................................... 5.08 0.04 3.32 0.11 5.11 0.07 5.29 0.06 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.31 0.05 3.57 0.12 5.38 0.07 5.47 0.06 

 1998–2000..................................... 5.08 0.06 3.53 0.15 5.11 0.09 5.26 0.07 

 1997–1999..................................... 4.60 0.06 3.14 0.20 4.59 0.08 4.81 0.08 

 1996–1998..................................... 4.21 0.06 2.96 0.20 4.09 0.09 4.47 0.09 

 1995–1997..................................... 4.16 0.07 3.01 0.20 4.10 0.09 4.41 0.10 

 1994–1996..................................... 4.23 0.08 3.09 0.18 3.94 0.10 4.59 0.11 

 1993–1995..................................... 4.22 0.09 3.02 0.18 3.95 0.11 4.58 0.11 

 1992–1994..................................... 4.31 0.09 2.94 0.17 3.91 0.12 4.71 0.11 

 1991–1993..................................... 4.37 0.08 2.63 0.17 4.25 0.12 4.66 0.11 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007..................................... 5.10 0.05 3.16 0.15 5.01 0.07 5.31 0.06 

 2004–2006..................................... 5.08 0.04 2.96 0.13 5.04 0.07 5.32 0.06 

 2003–2005..................................... 5.04 0.04 3.11 0.14 5.04 0.07 5.25 0.06 

 2002–2004..................................... 5.09 0.04 3.17 0.14 5.12 0.07 5.31 0.05 

 2001–2003..................................... 5.08 0.04 3.25 0.14 5.11 0.07 5.29 0.05 

 2000–2002..................................... 5.34 0.05 3.46 0.13 5.39 0.08 5.54 0.06 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.53 0.05 3.68 0.14 5.66 0.08 5.69 0.07 

 1998–2000..................................... 5.33 0.07 3.85 0.19 5.34 0.11 5.50 0.09 

 1997–1999..................................... 4.86 0.08 3.35 0.26 4.81 0.11 5.08 0.11 

 1996–1998..................................... 4.47 0.08 3.16 0.27 4.29 0.11 4.76 0.11 

 1995–1997..................................... 4.37 0.08 3.09 0.26 4.27 0.10 4.68 0.12 

 1994–1996..................................... 4.43 0.10 3.22 0.22 4.17 0.12 4.78 0.13 

 1993–1995..................................... 4.41 0.10 3.16 0.23 4.15 0.13 4.76 0.14 

 1992–1994..................................... 4.55 0.10 3.12 0.23 4.15 0.14 4.94 0.13 

 1991–1993..................................... 4.64 0.10 2.76 0.24 4.47 0.15 4.94 0.13 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007..................................... 2.78 0.09 1.77 0.14 2.75 0.20 2.91 0.11 

 2004–2006..................................... 2.92 0.09 1.85 0.14 2.82 0.18 3.09 0.12 

 2003–2005..................................... 2.96 0.10 1.71 0.14 2.74 0.16 3.21 0.14 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.02 0.10 1.90 0.17 2.90 0.17 3.18 0.13 

 2001–2003..................................... 2.97 0.09 2.29 0.37 2.81 0.14 3.11 0.12 

 2000–2002..................................... 3.32 0.10 2.58 0.40 3.11 0.16 3.49 0.15 

 1999–2001..................................... 3.72 0.14 2.67 0.44 3.31 0.17 3.98 0.19 

 1998–2000..................................... 3.45 0.13 2.11 0.22 3.14 0.18 3.72 0.18 

 1997–1999..................................... 2.97 0.12 1.90 0.16 2.97 0.16 3.14 0.18 

 1996–1998..................................... 2.67 0.10 1.87 0.15 2.70 0.15 2.79 0.14 

 1995–1997..................................... 2.69 0.09 2.20 0.21 2.61 0.14 2.82 0.13 

 1994–1996..................................... 3.00 0.23 2.39 0.26 2.26 0.13 3.53 0.36 

 1993–1995..................................... 3.00 0.24 2.27 0.24 2.24 0.12 3.56 0.39 

 1992–1994..................................... 3.04 0.23 1.99 0.23 2.45 0.15 3.53 0.37 

 1991–1993..................................... 2.92 0.13 1.62 0.12 3.03 0.17 3.07 0.19 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007..................................... 4.72 0.12 3.00 0.23 4.27 0.17 5.17 0.17 

 2004–2006..................................... 4.77 0.12 3.29 0.28 4.21 0.17 5.29 0.18 

 2003–2005..................................... 4.87 0.12 3.10 0.30 4.41 0.19 5.38 0.18 

 2002–2004..................................... 4.82 0.12 3.04 0.29 4.49 0.18 5.28 0.19 

 2001–2003..................................... 4.72 0.13 2.84 0.24 4.61 0.18 5.08 0.18 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.96 0.16 2.96 0.22 4.84 0.21 5.34 0.22 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.30 0.17 3.25 0.27 5.09 0.22 5.70 0.23 

 1998–2000..................................... 5.09 0.14 2.89 0.24 4.90 0.20 5.58 0.21 

 1997–1999..................................... 4.53 0.13 3.09 0.41 4.39 0.16 4.89 0.19 

 1996–1998..................................... 4.16 0.14 3.02 0.41 4.08 0.18 4.41 0.18 

 1995–1997..................................... 4.17 0.16 3.29 0.46 4.26 0.23 4.26 0.20 

 1994–1996..................................... 4.29 0.18 3.05 0.36 4.14 0.26 4.61 0.22 

 1993–1995..................................... 4.38 0.16 2.99 0.35 4.33 0.26 4.68 0.22 

 1992–1994..................................... 4.37 0.15 2.94 0.36 4.18 0.26 4.75 0.22 

 1991–1993..................................... 4.40 0.14 2.84 0.28 4.30 0.23 4.77 0.20 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007..................................... 5.97 0.49 #4.39 0.93 7.45 0.69 5.44 0.47 

 2004–2006..................................... 5.92 0.40 #

7.09 1.52 5.94 0.65 5.62 0.46 
Table 4. NSDUH: Mean quantity of drinking on drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

53

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2003–2005..................................... 6.40 0.47 #9.23 2.21 5.65 0.54 6.34 0.59 

 2002–2004..................................... 6.87 0.60 #9.28 2.18 #6.75 1.39 6.52 0.73 

 2001–2003..................................... 6.50 0.60 #7.38 2.33 #6.96 1.28 5.92 0.71 

 2000–2002..................................... 6.13 0.62 #4.49 0.92 #6.84 1.36 5.79 0.72 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.54 0.37 #4.09 0.95 5.74 0.49 5.64 0.64 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2005–2007..................................... 3.82 0.25 #2.49 0.49 4.37 0.54 3.68 0.25 

 2004–2006..................................... 3.45 0.21 #2.49 0.61 3.95 0.56 3.38 0.21 

 2003–2005..................................... 3.74 0.23 #2.76 0.64 3.58 0.54 3.90 0.26 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.98 0.25 #2.66 0.76 3.93 0.60 4.11 0.28 

 2001–2003..................................... 4.10 0.25 #2.45 0.43 3.74 0.54 4.31 0.30 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.18 0.26 #2.78 0.60 3.73 0.46 4.44 0.33 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.17 0.24 #3.46 1.10 4.27 0.47 4.18 0.29 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007..................................... 4.90 0.30 3.70 0.60 4.42 0.41 5.29 0.40 

 2004–2006..................................... 4.98 0.31 2.81 0.41 4.83 0.42 5.37 0.47 

 2003–2005..................................... 4.63 0.30 3.04 0.53 4.85 0.41 4.78 0.47 

 2002–2004..................................... 4.67 0.29 2.59 0.45 5.00 0.45 4.83 0.43 

 2001–2003..................................... 4.52 0.26 2.98 0.52 4.68 0.47 4.68 0.35 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.83 0.28 #3.76 0.67 4.76 0.55 5.03 0.37 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.06 0.34 #5.76 1.40 5.47 0.71 4.76 0.38 

 

Male 

All races 

2005–2007..................................... 5.55 0.06 2.98 0.16 5.32 0.10 5.85 0.08 

 2004–2006..................................... 5.56 0.06 2.93 0.17 5.33 0.10 5.90 0.09 

 2003–2005..................................... 5.60 0.06 3.23 0.21 5.40 0.10 5.92 0.08 

 2002–2004..................................... 5.64 0.06 3.25 0.20 5.54 0.10 5.93 0.08 

 2001–2003..................................... 5.59 0.06 3.33 0.20 5.58 0.09 5.83 0.07 

 2000–2002..................................... 5.87 0.06 3.38 0.17 5.88 0.10 6.14 0.08 

 1999–2001..................................... 6.16 0.07 3.71 0.18 6.22 0.11 6.39 0.09 

 1998–2000..................................... 5.87 0.09 3.69 0.20 5.85 0.15 6.13 0.12 

 1997–1999..................................... 5.37 0.10 3.35 0.31 5.28 0.16 5.68 0.13 

 1996–1998..................................... 4.92 0.10 3.35 0.32 4.73 0.16 5.23 0.14 

 1995–1997..................................... 4.94 0.10 3.47 0.36 4.80 0.15 5.27 0.14 

 1994–1996..................................... 4.97 0.12 3.49 0.32 4.63 0.15 5.36 0.16 

 1993–1995..................................... 5.01 0.12 3.43 0.34 4.61 0.16 5.44 0.18 

 1992–1994..................................... 5.08 0.12 3.31 0.33 4.55 0.17 5.54 0.17 

 1991–1993..................................... 5.12 0.11 2.93 0.30 4.86 0.19 5.51 0.16 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007..................................... 5.92 0.06 3.01 0.20 5.69 0.12 6.23 0.09 

 2004–2006..................................... 5.91 0.06 2.84 0.17 5.76 0.12 6.24 0.09 

 2003–2005..................................... 5.88 0.07 3.23 0.25 5.76 0.11 6.18 0.09 

 2002–2004..................................... 5.95 0.06 3.33 0.24 5.93 0.11 6.23 0.08 

 2001–2003..................................... 5.91 0.06 3.41 0.24 5.88 0.10 6.17 0.08 

 2000–2002..................................... 6.21 0.07 3.52 0.20 6.25 0.11 6.47 0.09 

 1999–2001..................................... 6.44 0.07 3.78 0.20 6.52 0.13 6.69 0.09 

 1998–2000..................................... 6.17 0.11 3.99 0.24 6.07 0.18 6.48 0.15 

 1997–1999..................................... 5.66 0.12 3.66 0.40 5.49 0.20 6.02 0.16 

 1996–1998..................................... 5.22 0.12 3.67 0.42 4.92 0.20 5.58 0.17 

 1995–1997..................................... 5.21 0.13 3.68 0.44 4.95 0.18 5.64 0.17 

 1994–1996..................................... 5.19 0.14 3.79 0.41 4.78 0.18 5.61 0.19 

 1993–1995..................................... 5.22 0.14 3.82 0.46 4.76 0.18 5.67 0.21 

 1992–1994..................................... 5.35 0.15 3.82 0.48 4.79 0.20 5.78 0.20 

 1991–1993..................................... 5.48 0.14 3.25 0.44 5.19 0.23 5.86 0.18 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007..................................... 3.12 0.15 1.88 0.17 3.05 0.28 3.26 0.17 

 2004–2006..................................... 3.29 0.16 1.81 0.17 3.21 0.29 3.47 0.19 

 2003–2005..................................... 3.35 0.17 1.66 0.16 3.03 0.26 3.63 0.22 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.33 0.15 1.66 0.15 2.97 0.22 3.63 0.20 

 2001–2003..................................... 3.30 0.15 #2.55 0.73 2.93 0.21 3.52 0.19 

 2000–2002..................................... 3.64 0.17 #2.92 0.70 3.29 0.23 3.84 0.21 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.07 0.22 #3.23 0.75 3.66 0.28 4.29 0.28 

 1998–2000..................................... 3.78 0.21 2.32 0.35 3.48 0.25 4.03 0.27 

 1997–1999..................................... 3.38 0.21 2.07 0.29 3.23 0.23 3.64 0.29 

 1996–1998..................................... 3.00 0.17 1.99 0.25 2.95 0.22 3.17 0.24 
Table 4. NSDUH: Mean quantity of drinking on drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

54

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 1995–1997..................................... 3.02 0.16 2.54 0.36 2.82 0.22 3.25 0.24 

 1994–1996..................................... 3.49 0.38 2.63 0.36 2.42 0.18 4.17 0.58 

 1993–1995..................................... 3.57 0.40 2.45 0.32 2.44 0.16 4.32 0.64 

 1992–1994..................................... 3.58 0.39 2.12 0.31 2.69 0.23 4.21 0.60 

 1991–1993..................................... 3.32 0.22 1.75 0.20 3.34 0.28 3.55 0.31 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007..................................... 5.43 0.17 3.25 0.53 4.90 0.27 5.86 0.23 

 2004–2006..................................... 5.58 0.19 #3.53 0.63 4.63 0.26 6.23 0.28 

 2003–2005..................................... 5.81 0.19 3.57 0.60 5.04 0.31 6.41 0.27 

 2002–2004..................................... 5.65 0.18 3.37 0.54 5.13 0.29 6.19 0.25 

 2001–2003..................................... 5.47 0.18 3.23 0.44 5.52 0.29 5.74 0.24 

 2000–2002..................................... 5.70 0.21 3.01 0.35 5.62 0.31 6.08 0.29 

 1999–2001..................................... 6.26 0.24 3.66 0.47 6.04 0.32 6.63 0.33 

 1998–2000..................................... 6.05 0.21 2.93 0.41 5.90 0.31 6.47 0.27 

 1997–1999..................................... 5.30 0.21 2.76 0.30 5.30 0.27 5.65 0.27 

 1996–1998..................................... 4.85 0.22 2.76 0.32 4.97 0.29 5.05 0.25 

 1995–1997..................................... 4.91 0.24 2.84 0.37 5.29 0.35 4.92 0.30 

 1994–1996..................................... 5.23 0.24 2.45 0.29 5.39 0.40 5.43 0.34 

 1993–1995..................................... 5.30 0.23 2.19 0.29 5.46 0.40 5.57 0.35 

 1992–1994..................................... 5.24 0.22 2.24 0.29 5.00 0.41 5.71 0.34 

 1991–1993..................................... 5.10 0.19 2.78 0.33 4.69 0.30 5.69 0.25 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007..................................... 6.09 0.56 #4.40 1.80 7.58 0.81 5.73 0.62 

 2004–2006..................................... 6.22 0.62 #10.24 2.52 7.15 1.01 5.07 0.48 

 2003–2005..................................... 6.94 0.75 #11.41 2.84 6.63 0.82 5.71 0.72 

 2002–2004..................................... 7.04 0.88 #12.87 2.95 5.75 0.64 #6.40 1.21 

 2001–2003..................................... 6.66 0.74 #10.92 3.89 5.98 0.64 #6.60 1.25 

 2000–2002..................................... 5.67 0.65 – – 5.86 0.70 #5.74 1.19 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.63 0.53 – – 6.29 0.74 5.26 0.76 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007..................................... 4.67 0.24 #2.49 0.54 5.35 0.67 4.61 0.34 

 2004–2006..................................... 4.05 0.25 #2.04 0.55 #4.67 0.86 4.03 0.25 

 2003–2005..................................... 4.43 0.38 – – #4.63 1.01 4.54 0.44 

 2002–2004..................................... 4.58 0.41 – – #4.71 0.96 4.68 0.47 

 2001–2003..................................... 5.02 0.44 1.98 0.15 #5.05 0.96 5.13 0.51 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.80 0.36 #3.12 0.76 4.30 0.53 5.11 0.48 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.91 0.33 #3.36 1.01 5.30 0.71 4.81 0.37 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007..................................... 5.53 0.53 #4.59 1.15 4.06 0.42 6.30 0.72 

 2004–2006..................................... 6.00 0.54 #4.49 1.07 5.01 0.61 6.76 0.81 

 2003–2005..................................... 5.62 0.57 #3.37 0.79 5.37 0.76 6.12 0.88 

 2002–2004..................................... 5.69 0.52 1.90 0.28 5.52 0.72 6.26 0.80 

 2001–2003..................................... 5.08 0.40 #2.72 0.79 4.93 0.68 5.46 0.56 

 2000–2002..................................... 5.32 0.40 – – 4.55 0.63 5.85 0.52 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.57 0.53 – – #6.03 1.21 5.39 0.52 

 

Female 

All races 

2005–2007..................................... 3.94 0.05 3.00 0.15 4.04 0.09 4.01 0.06 

 2004–2006..................................... 3.93 0.05 2.96 0.13 4.05 0.07 4.00 0.06 

 2003–2005..................................... 3.89 0.04 2.84 0.13 4.04 0.07 3.96 0.05 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.95 0.04 2.91 0.13 4.11 0.08 4.02 0.05 

 2001–2003..................................... 3.95 0.05 2.93 0.13 4.07 0.08 4.03 0.06 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.19 0.05 3.26 0.14 4.30 0.09 4.27 0.07 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.35 0.05 3.43 0.16 4.50 0.08 4.40 0.07 

 1998–2000..................................... 4.18 0.07 3.37 0.20 4.31 0.11 4.23 0.09 

 1997–1999..................................... 3.69 0.07 2.89 0.21 3.84 0.09 3.73 0.10 

 1996–1998..................................... 3.33 0.08 2.56 0.18 3.39 0.10 3.42 0.11 

 1995–1997..................................... 3.20 0.06 2.48 0.14 3.32 0.11 3.27 0.08 

 1994–1996..................................... 3.36 0.10 2.74 0.16 3.20 0.13 3.59 0.15 

 1993–1995..................................... 3.33 0.10 2.66 0.16 3.23 0.12 3.52 0.15 

 1992–1994..................................... 3.43 0.11 2.63 0.18 3.23 0.13 3.68 0.15 

 1991–1993..................................... 3.46 0.09 2.32 0.20 3.52 0.13 3.60 0.12 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007..................................... 4.19 0.05 3.26 0.21 4.30 0.09 4.25 0.07 

 2004–2006..................................... 4.18 0.06 3.05 0.17 4.31 0.08 4.25 0.07 
Table 4. NSDUH: Mean quantity of drinking on drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

55

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Female 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2003–2005..................................... 4.12 0.05 3.01 0.16 4.30 0.08 4.17 0.06 

 2002–2004..................................... 4.14 0.05 3.02 0.17 4.29 0.09 4.22 0.06 

 2001–2003..................................... 4.16 0.05 3.11 0.17 4.29 0.09 4.23 0.06 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.36 0.05 3.41 0.18 4.49 0.09 4.43 0.07 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.53 0.06 3.58 0.19 4.76 0.10 4.54 0.08 

 1998–2000..................................... 4.39 0.09 3.70 0.27 4.56 0.13 4.38 0.11 

 1997–1999..................................... 3.92 0.09 2.95 0.24 4.08 0.12 3.95 0.14 

 1996–1998..................................... 3.55 0.10 2.55 0.24 3.63 0.13 3.66 0.15 

 1995–1997..................................... 3.37 0.07 2.32 0.16 3.55 0.13 3.44 0.10 

 1994–1996..................................... 3.57 0.11 2.69 0.19 3.49 0.15 3.78 0.18 

 1993–1995..................................... 3.52 0.12 2.58 0.18 3.48 0.15 3.73 0.18 

 1992–1994..................................... 3.65 0.12 2.57 0.21 3.43 0.16 3.94 0.17 

 1991–1993..................................... 3.65 0.11 2.26 0.22 3.63 0.16 3.84 0.15 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007..................................... 2.42 0.10 1.69 0.19 2.43 0.25 2.52 0.12 

 2004–2006..................................... 2.49 0.09 1.89 0.21 2.40 0.19 2.61 0.12 

 2003–2005..................................... 2.52 0.09 1.75 0.20 2.42 0.18 2.68 0.13 

 2002–2004..................................... 2.67 0.10 2.10 0.28 2.83 0.25 2.66 0.13 

 2001–2003..................................... 2.61 0.11 2.07 0.27 2.69 0.20 2.65 0.14 

 2000–2002..................................... 2.98 0.14 2.21 0.33 2.94 0.22 3.09 0.19 

 1999–2001..................................... 3.32 0.17 2.01 0.30 2.97 0.19 3.60 0.24 

 1998–2000..................................... 3.07 0.15 1.89 0.25 2.85 0.24 3.32 0.20 

 1997–1999..................................... 2.52 0.12 1.72 0.15 2.71 0.21 2.57 0.17 

 1996–1998..................................... 2.32 0.10 1.76 0.17 2.44 0.19 2.36 0.13 

 1995–1997..................................... 2.32 0.10 1.86 0.18 2.36 0.17 2.39 0.14 

 1994–1996..................................... 2.37 0.10 #2.11 0.44 2.09 0.16 2.60 0.14 

 1993–1995..................................... 2.26 0.10 #2.04 0.43 2.03 0.15 2.45 0.14 

 1992–1994..................................... 2.32 0.09 #1.83 0.47 2.17 0.17 2.50 0.13 

 1991–1993..................................... 2.40 0.09 1.47 0.11 2.54 0.19 2.50 0.12 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007..................................... 3.80 0.13 2.80 0.29 3.62 0.21 4.10 0.17 

 2004–2006..................................... 3.76 0.11 3.12 0.29 3.75 0.21 3.89 0.14 

 2003–2005..................................... 3.67 0.12 2.73 0.28 3.73 0.19 3.84 0.16 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.75 0.15 2.75 0.26 3.80 0.20 3.94 0.24 

 2001–2003..................................... 3.73 0.16 2.46 0.21 3.67 0.20 4.03 0.26 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.00 0.19 2.90 0.28 3.98 0.23 4.23 0.29 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.06 0.15 2.97 0.30 3.98 0.23 4.34 0.24 

 1998–2000..................................... 3.86 0.14 2.86 0.27 3.75 0.19 4.20 0.24 

 1997–1999..................................... 3.52 0.15 #3.36 0.67 3.36 0.17 3.68 0.21 

 1996–1998..................................... 3.19 0.15 #3.23 0.69 2.95 0.17 3.34 0.20 

 1995–1997..................................... 3.10 0.15 #3.65 0.76 2.81 0.18 3.16 0.18 

 1994–1996..................................... 3.07 0.16 3.34 0.52 2.67 0.17 3.26 0.23 

 1993–1995..................................... 3.20 0.14 3.40 0.52 3.03 0.24 3.23 0.21 

 1992–1994..................................... 3.27 0.16 3.37 0.56 3.35 0.28 3.18 0.23 

 1991–1993..................................... 3.39 0.19 2.91 0.43 3.84 0.40 3.17 0.19 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007..................................... 5.83 0.83 4.38 0.50 7.34 1.06 4.98 0.74 

 2004–2006..................................... 5.55 0.49 4.61 0.58 4.60 0.65 6.37 0.79 

 2003–2005..................................... 5.91 0.57 #4.22 1.07 4.77 0.66 6.84 0.87 

 2002–2004..................................... 6.76 0.85 #4.50 0.87 #7.32 2.09 6.59 0.92 

 2001–2003..................................... 6.38 0.95 #4.54 1.22 #7.82 2.22 5.39 0.84 

 2000–2002..................................... 6.52 0.96 #4.79 0.94 #7.71 2.38 5.84 0.82 

 1999–2001..................................... 5.43 0.52 #5.01 1.23 4.87 0.64 6.02 0.91 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007..................................... 2.93 0.27 – – #3.40 0.65 2.76 0.28 

 2004–2006..................................... 2.80 0.26 #2.99 1.16 3.04 0.44 2.71 0.27 

 2003–2005..................................... 3.00 0.21 #3.10 1.01 2.62 0.37 3.14 0.26 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.30 0.26 #3.28 1.09 #3.16 0.74 3.36 0.26 

 2001–2003..................................... 3.19 0.25 #2.96 0.74 #2.87 0.62 3.36 0.26 

 2000–2002..................................... 3.54 0.36 #1.99 0.71 #3.22 0.74 3.74 0.44 

 1999–2001..................................... 3.45 0.34 #3.53 1.80 3.09 0.53 3.58 0.42 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007..................................... 4.39 0.31 #2.99 0.55 4.67 0.58 4.44 0.36 

 2004–2006..................................... 4.14 0.29 2.01 0.16 4.67 0.56 4.16 0.37 

 2003–2005..................................... 3.75 0.22 #2.81 0.70 4.32 0.42 3.62 0.30 

 2002–2004..................................... 3.75 0.27 #

2.90 0.62 4.40 0.59 3.61 0.31 
Table 4. NSDUH: Mean quantity of drinking on drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and 

race/Hispanic origin, among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

56

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Female 

 More than one race 

 2001–2003..................................... 4.03 0.33 #3.12 0.67 4.40 0.68 4.03 0.43 

 2000–2002..................................... 4.41 0.40 #3.85 0.76 4.96 0.85 4.21 0.49 

 1999–2001..................................... 4.58 0.44 #6.17 1.69 4.98 0.78 4.06 0.52 

– Fewer than 10 respondents in the cell. 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5%. 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 5. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1

57

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 34.2 0.5 15.7 1.4 27.9 0.7 38.9 0.6 

 2004–2006....................................... 34.9 0.6 16.9 1.8 28.3 0.7 40.0 0.8 

 2003–2005....................................... 34.6 0.6 16.8 1.7 28.3 0.7 39.8 0.8 

 2002–2004....................................... 35.2 0.6 18.1 1.6 29.2 0.7 40.4 0.8 

 2001–2003....................................... 35.7 0.6 17.4 1.3 30.9 0.8 40.3 0.8 

 2000–2002....................................... 38.1 0.6 18.8 1.3 34.0 0.9 42.5 0.8 

 1999–2001....................................... 40.7 0.7 20.7 1.6 36.7 1.0 44.9 1.0 

 1998–2000....................................... 38.3 0.9 19.9 1.7 33.8 1.1 42.7 1.2 

 1997–1999....................................... 34.5 1.2 19.1 2.6 29.2 1.2 39.1 1.7 

 1996–1998....................................... 30.3 1.2 19.0 3.0 24.5 1.3 35.0 1.7 

 1995–1997....................................... 29.4 1.1 #23.5 4.5 24.5 1.4 33.1 1.6 

 1994–1996....................................... 27.4 1.0 #20.5 3.8 21.5 1.2 31.4 1.4 

 1993–1995....................................... 27.4 1.2 #20.5 4.2 21.2 1.4 31.4 1.6 

 1992–1994....................................... 27.4 1.2 #17.1 3.7 19.4 1.3 32.4 1.6 

 1991–1993....................................... 30.6 1.3 #16.7 4.3 24.4 1.7 34.9 1.9 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 37.0 0.6 17.1 1.9 30.3 0.9 42.0 0.8 

 2004–2006....................................... 37.3 0.7 16.8 1.8 30.6 0.9 42.8 0.9 

 2003–2005....................................... 36.6 0.7 16.0 1.5 30.7 0.9 41.9 0.9 

 2002–2004....................................... 37.3 0.6 17.0 1.5 31.3 0.9 42.8 0.9 

 2001–2003....................................... 38.2 0.7 17.8 1.5 32.8 0.9 43.3 0.9 

 2000–2002....................................... 40.4 0.7 20.4 1.8 35.3 1.0 45.4 1.0 

 1999–2001....................................... 42.6 0.8 22.3 2.0 37.9 1.2 47.2 1.1 

 1998–2000....................................... 39.9 1.0 22.0 2.1 34.6 1.3 44.6 1.4 

 1997–1999....................................... 36.0 1.5 20.4 3.5 29.8 1.4 41.0 2.1 

 1996–1998....................................... 31.8 1.4 #20.8 4.1 24.6 1.5 37.2 2.2 

 1995–1997....................................... 30.3 1.4 #23.9 5.8 23.4 1.5 35.3 2.1 

 1994–1996....................................... 28.0 1.2 #20.6 4.9 21.3 1.3 32.5 1.7 

 1993–1995....................................... 28.3 1.5 #20.5 5.5 21.5 1.7 32.6 2.0 

 1992–1994....................................... 28.9 1.4 #17.8 4.9 20.6 1.7 33.9 2.0 

 1991–1993....................................... 33.0 1.7 #18.5 6.2 25.7 2.1 37.7 2.4 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 17.1 1.7 #5.9 1.1 13.6 1.8 19.8 2.6 

 2004–2006....................................... 19.1 1.8 #7.4 1.7 14.5 1.8 22.4 2.6 

 2003–2005....................................... 20.3 2.0 #7.1 1.6 12.4 1.4 25.1 2.9 

 2002–2004....................................... 20.5 1.5 #9.9 2.3 16.0 2.1 23.5 2.1 

 2001–2003....................................... 21.0 1.6 #9.1 1.9 17.4 2.3 23.9 2.2 

 2000–2002....................................... 25.7 1.8 #10.4 2.1 24.8 3.0 27.6 2.5 

 1999–2001....................................... 30.7 2.4 #10.2 2.8 25.8 3.2 34.5 3.3 

 1998–2000....................................... 28.9 2.5 #10.0 2.5 25.9 3.4 32.0 3.3 

 1997–1999....................................... 25.0 2.7 #13.8 4.1 20.6 2.4 28.3 4.0 

 1996–1998....................................... 20.6 2.4 #13.2 3.6 16.9 1.9 23.3 3.7 

 1995–1997....................................... 19.8 2.2 #18.3 5.1 16.5 2.4 21.9 3.6 

 1994–1996....................................... 22.3 2.7 #18.4 4.7 12.6 1.9 28.0 4.4 

 1993–1995....................................... 21.3 2.7 #17.0 4.4 12.6 2.1 26.5 4.5 

 1992–1994....................................... 21.1 2.7 #13.6 4.0 11.7 1.5 26.5 4.2 

 1991–1993....................................... 20.1 1.7 #6.4 2.1 18.8 2.5 22.1 2.3 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 32.5 1.4 #16.5 3.7 24.0 1.5 38.8 2.4 

 2004–2006....................................... 35.2 1.9 #21.2 6.9 25.2 1.7 42.3 2.9 

 2003–2005....................................... 35.8 1.9 #21.3 7.1 26.4 1.9 42.7 2.9 

 2002–2004....................................... 35.6 2.0 #21.8 6.7 27.0 2.0 42.4 3.0 

 2001–2003....................................... 33.3 1.6 #17.1 4.2 29.5 2.3 37.9 2.4 

 2000–2002....................................... 35.7 2.0 15.1 1.9 33.9 2.7 39.7 2.9 

 1999–2001....................................... 39.9 2.4 16.8 2.5 37.3 3.0 44.5 3.5 

 1998–2000....................................... 39.9 2.4 14.3 2.2 34.9 3.0 46.7 3.6 

 1997–1999....................................... 35.2 2.2 16.2 2.8 29.9 2.7 41.3 3.4 

 1996–1998....................................... 31.0 2.2 16.0 2.7 28.3 3.4 34.8 3.1 

 1995–1997....................................... 29.2 2.3 #22.3 4.7 29.2 3.8 30.2 3.0 

 1994–1996....................................... 27.5 2.1 #15.9 3.5 26.6 3.7 29.6 2.8 

 1993–1995....................................... 28.1 2.0 #18.6 5.0 24.8 3.1 31.1 2.8 

 1992–1994....................................... 27.5 1.9 #14.3 4.4 22.9 2.6 31.8 2.9 

 1991–1993....................................... 28.9 1.9 #18.5 5.9 24.4 1.9 33.2 2.8 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... #44.2 8.9 #13.7 5.0 #68.6 16.7 36.5 6.4 

 2004–2006....................................... #

41.9 8.2 #59.9 43.3 #43.6 10.2 #37.5 7.2 
Table 5. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

58

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2003–2005....................................... #43.0 7.8 #110.9 57.0 #35.4 8.0 37.0 5.8 

 2002–2004....................................... 41.1 6.7 #107.1 51.1 #35.4 7.9 #35.1 6.2 

 2001–2003....................................... 39.8 5.5 #48.0 21.6 #48.7 11.4 30.4 4.8 

 2000–2002....................................... 40.1 5.8 #18.5 6.0 #52.6 11.7 #33.1 6.0 

 1999–2001....................................... #39.5 7.0 #18.1 7.1 #51.6 12.7 #32.1 6.5 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 23.4 2.8 #9.0 4.0 #22.4 4.9 24.4 3.4 

 2004–2006....................................... 21.1 2.5 #10.2 3.0 #21.3 5.0 22.0 3.0 

 2003–2005....................................... 22.0 2.7 #22.1 11.0 #14.4 3.0 24.5 3.6 

 2002–2004....................................... 24.9 3.1 #28.6 14.7 #15.9 2.9 27.8 4.2 

 2001–2003....................................... 25.2 3.1 #34.3 23.4 #17.2 3.1 28.0 4.1 

 2000–2002....................................... 22.9 2.9 #17.1 12.5 #16.8 3.1 25.7 4.0 

 1999–2001....................................... 23.1 2.5 #24.7 14.1 #21.4 4.3 23.6 3.0 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 36.1 3.0 #23.2 6.2 26.2 3.8 42.7 4.5 

 2004–2006....................................... 36.7 3.4 #14.1 4.2 31.0 4.7 43.5 5.4 

 2003–2005....................................... 32.4 3.2 #15.4 3.8 30.7 5.0 36.1 4.8 

 2002–2004....................................... 33.9 3.5 #23.4 12.3 #29.0 5.1 38.5 5.0 

 2001–2003....................................... 34.7 4.2 #24.2 12.7 25.5 4.4 41.2 6.4 

 2000–2002....................................... 38.6 4.9 #25.6 14.2 #28.6 5.8 46.1 7.3 

 1999–2001....................................... 38.2 5.7 #27.4 14.4 #35.3 11.5 41.0 6.7 

 

Male 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 43.0 0.9 17.9 2.7 33.8 1.2 49.0 1.2 

 2004–2006....................................... 44.2 0.9 #20.7 3.8 34.2 1.2 50.8 1.3 

 2003–2005....................................... 44.2 0.9 21.3 3.5 34.5 1.2 50.8 1.3 

 2002–2004....................................... 45.0 0.9 22.3 3.3 35.6 1.1 51.7 1.3 

 2001–2003....................................... 45.7 0.9 19.7 2.3 38.3 1.3 51.7 1.3 

 2000–2002....................................... 48.4 1.0 20.5 2.3 41.9 1.4 54.2 1.3 

 1999–2001....................................... 51.4 1.1 22.7 2.4 45.1 1.6 57.3 1.5 

 1998–2000....................................... 48.1 1.4 23.3 2.7 41.5 1.8 53.8 1.9 

 1997–1999....................................... 44.7 1.8 #22.8 4.5 36.4 2.0 51.1 2.6 

 1996–1998....................................... 40.7 1.9 #26.5 5.5 31.9 2.2 46.6 2.7 

 1995–1997....................................... 40.9 1.9 #32.4 8.4 32.9 2.3 46.3 2.6 

 1994–1996....................................... 37.5 1.6 #29.3 7.8 29.5 2.1 42.2 2.1 

 1993–1995....................................... 37.7 1.9 #30.2 9.0 29.2 2.7 42.3 2.5 

 1992–1994....................................... 36.4 1.8 #25.9 8.1 25.7 2.5 41.8 2.4 

 1991–1993....................................... 38.9 2.1 #23.7 8.0 30.8 3.1 44.0 2.9 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 46.5 1.1 #18.7 3.5 36.4 1.5 52.9 1.4 

 2004–2006....................................... 47.1 1.0 #18.8 3.6 36.6 1.4 54.3 1.4 

 2003–2005....................................... 46.5 1.0 18.0 2.9 37.1 1.4 53.6 1.4 

 2002–2004....................................... 47.5 1.0 19.7 2.8 38.2 1.3 54.8 1.4 

 2001–2003....................................... 48.9 1.1 19.8 2.5 40.4 1.5 56.0 1.5 

 2000–2002....................................... 51.3 1.1 22.6 3.0 43.7 1.6 57.9 1.5 

 1999–2001....................................... 53.7 1.3 24.2 2.9 46.2 1.9 60.3 1.7 

 1998–2000....................................... 49.7 1.6 25.3 3.3 42.1 2.2 56.0 2.3 

 1997–1999....................................... 45.9 2.3 #23.8 5.7 36.7 2.5 52.9 3.2 

 1996–1998....................................... 42.5 2.3 #28.8 7.1 31.5 2.6 49.4 3.4 

 1995–1997....................................... 42.4 2.3 #34.2 10.4 30.3 2.5 49.9 3.3 

 1994–1996....................................... 38.6 1.9 #32.1 9.9 27.4 2.2 44.8 2.6 

 1993–1995....................................... 38.9 2.4 #33.4 11.7 28.2 3.0 44.5 3.2 

 1992–1994....................................... 38.1 2.3 #30.2 11.2 27.0 3.2 43.6 3.1 

 1991–1993....................................... 42.0 2.6 #27.0 11.1 32.9 4.0 47.3 3.6 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 22.6 3.4 #7.3 1.5 #17.5 3.2 #26.0 4.7 

 2004–2006....................................... 25.0 3.3 #9.4 3.1 19.1 3.1 28.8 4.6 

 2003–2005....................................... 27.3 3.6 #9.2 3.2 15.9 2.5 33.5 5.0 

 2002–2004....................................... 26.4 2.4 #10.3 3.6 16.5 2.3 31.6 3.4 

 2001–2003....................................... 26.8 2.5 #7.8 2.1 18.7 2.9 31.6 3.5 

 2000–2002....................................... 32.6 3.0 #9.3 2.4 30.3 5.0 35.7 4.0 

 1999–2001....................................... 38.4 3.9 #11.4 4.9 33.4 5.7 42.4 5.1 

 1998–2000....................................... 37.1 4.2 #11.5 4.4 #32.1 5.6 41.2 5.4 

 1997–1999....................................... 34.0 4.9 #18.3 7.0 21.4 3.1 #41.0 7.2 

 1996–1998....................................... 28.5 4.4 #

18.6 6.1 17.7 2.2 #34.4 6.8 
Table 5. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

59

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 1995–1997....................................... 27.1 4.2 #29.0 8.8 #18.6 3.7 #31.7 6.8 

 1994–1996....................................... 31.4 4.6 #26.0 8.0 #16.2 3.4 #38.9 7.0 

 1993–1995....................................... 30.9 4.6 #24.2 7.9 #17.0 3.9 #38.0 7.1 

 1992–1994....................................... 30.3 4.5 #17.6 6.7 #14.6 2.7 #38.2 6.8 

 1991–1993....................................... 26.4 2.9 #10.0 4.5 #22.8 4.4 29.9 3.9 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 41.0 2.2 #21.9 7.5 31.2 2.9 47.0 3.4 

 2004–2006....................................... 45.8 3.1 #31.9 15.5 32.0 3.0 53.4 4.4 

 2003–2005....................................... 47.2 3.1 #35.6 15.4 34.2 3.2 54.1 4.3 

 2002–2004....................................... 46.8 3.2 #33.2 13.8 34.6 3.4 54.1 4.5 

 2001–2003....................................... 42.1 2.5 #24.4 8.3 38.5 4.0 46.0 3.3 

 2000–2002....................................... 44.4 2.9 #17.5 3.2 40.8 4.1 49.6 4.2 

 1999–2001....................................... 51.3 3.5 #22.8 4.5 45.8 4.4 57.0 5.2 

 1998–2000....................................... 52.9 3.6 #19.0 4.3 45.2 4.7 60.0 5.2 

 1997–1999....................................... 47.4 3.5 #22.1 5.1 40.9 4.7 53.4 4.9 

 1996–1998....................................... 41.2 3.6 #20.3 4.9 39.7 5.8 44.1 4.5 

 1995–1997....................................... 38.5 3.6 #21.6 5.2 41.7 6.1 38.4 4.5 

 1994–1996....................................... 36.8 3.3 #13.1 3.5 41.7 6.4 36.3 4.1 

 1993–1995....................................... 37.3 3.1 #20.0 10.9 36.7 5.3 38.7 3.9 

 1992–1994....................................... 36.1 3.1 #16.4 9.4 30.7 4.5 39.7 4.1 

 1991–1993....................................... 35.9 2.6 #21.2 8.8 29.1 3.1 41.2 3.8 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... #42.5 7.9 – – #54.3 15.3 #43.4 9.3 

 2004–2006....................................... #54.0 13.9 – – #56.7 17.6 #42.8 10.2 

 2003–2005....................................... #60.3 14.6 #149.6 76.0 #49.4 15.8 45.4 7.6 

 2002–2004....................................... #55.7 14.9 #190.8 71.9 #35.0 7.3 #43.8 10.4 

 2001–2003....................................... #54.8 10.5 – – #63.1 18.8 #43.5 9.8 

 2000–2002....................................... #47.8 11.3 – – #70.5 19.6 #34.2 8.8 

 1999–2001....................................... #45.9 11.7 – – #67.8 18.7 #26.1 5.7 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 33.7 5.0 #9.0 4.6 #32.3 9.0 36.3 6.1 

 2004–2006....................................... 27.0 4.0 #6.7 2.0 #25.5 7.6 29.7 4.6 

 2003–2005....................................... 24.3 3.8 – – #19.0 5.3 #27.2 5.0 

 2002–2004....................................... 27.9 4.8 – – #19.9 5.1 #31.1 6.4 

 2001–2003....................................... #30.4 5.4 #3.8 0.8 #23.9 5.4 #33.1 6.9 

 2000–2002....................................... #29.9 5.3 #23.3 17.7 #20.9 4.6 #33.4 7.1 

 1999–2001....................................... 29.6 4.0 #23.6 18.3 #27.5 6.8 30.9 5.0 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 42.5 4.5 #30.1 11.4 #27.9 5.5 50.4 6.0 

 2004–2006....................................... 42.8 5.0 #23.6 11.0 #36.3 8.2 48.7 7.0 

 2003–2005....................................... 35.5 4.5 #17.3 7.6 #32.2 8.4 40.3 5.8 

 2002–2004....................................... 42.8 5.9 #7.2 1.7 #34.4 9.0 52.9 8.0 

 2001–2003....................................... 45.9 7.9 #9.6 2.9 #31.0 7.8 #60.0 12.4 

 2000–2002....................................... 51.1 8.6 – – #29.3 7.9 #65.7 12.8 

 1999–2001....................................... #50.7 10.6 – – #46.3 22.3 #54.8 11.7 

 

Female 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 24.3 0.5 14.2 1.5 21.7 0.9 26.9 0.7 

 2004–2006....................................... 24.5 0.5 14.0 1.4 22.2 0.7 27.1 0.8 

 2003–2005....................................... 24.0 0.5 13.2 1.2 22.0 0.8 26.5 0.7 

 2002–2004....................................... 24.4 0.5 14.6 1.1 22.8 0.8 26.8 0.8 

 2001–2003....................................... 24.6 0.6 15.5 1.4 23.4 0.9 26.5 0.8 

 2000–2002....................................... 26.8 0.7 17.4 1.5 25.8 1.0 28.7 0.9 

 1999–2001....................................... 28.8 0.8 18.8 2.0 27.9 1.1 30.5 1.0 

 1998–2000....................................... 27.3 1.0 16.8 1.9 25.7 1.2 29.6 1.3 

 1997–1999....................................... 22.5 1.0 15.1 1.8 21.5 1.1 24.0 1.5 

 1996–1998....................................... 17.4 1.0 11.6 1.3 16.5 1.1 18.8 1.5 

 1995–1997....................................... 15.3 0.5 13.8 2.0 15.2 1.1 15.6 0.8 

 1994–1996....................................... 15.3 0.7 12.8 1.8 13.3 1.0 17.0 1.0 

 1993–1995....................................... 15.8 0.8 12.2 1.9 13.2 0.9 17.8 1.2 

 1992–1994....................................... 17.2 1.0 #9.7 1.7 13.2 0.9 20.3 1.5 

 1991–1993....................................... 20.7 1.5 #8.6 1.7 17.1 1.4 23.7 2.2 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 26.7 0.6 16.0 1.9 24.0 0.9 29.3 0.8 

 2004–2006....................................... 26.7 0.6 15.2 1.5 24.6 0.9 29.3 0.9 
Table 5. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

60

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Female 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2003–2005....................................... 25.9 0.6 14.4 1.4 24.3 1.0 28.3 0.8 

 2002–2004....................................... 26.2 0.6 14.7 1.4 24.4 1.0 28.8 0.9 

 2001–2003....................................... 26.2 0.6 16.2 1.9 24.9 1.0 28.4 0.9 

 2000–2002....................................... 28.5 0.8 18.5 2.0 26.6 1.2 30.8 1.0 

 1999–2001....................................... 30.4 0.9 20.5 2.6 29.3 1.3 32.3 1.2 

 1998–2000....................................... 29.2 1.2 18.5 2.4 26.7 1.4 31.7 1.7 

 1997–1999....................................... 24.4 1.3 16.2 2.4 22.7 1.3 26.3 1.9 

 1996–1998....................................... 18.6 1.3 11.7 1.8 17.4 1.4 20.3 2.1 

 1995–1997....................................... 15.7 0.6 11.3 1.6 16.1 1.4 16.1 0.9 

 1994–1996....................................... 15.8 0.8 10.0 1.2 14.7 1.3 17.5 1.1 

 1993–1995....................................... 16.6 0.9 9.0 1.1 14.4 1.1 18.9 1.4 

 1992–1994....................................... 18.5 1.2 7.6 1.0 13.9 1.1 22.1 1.8 

 1991–1993....................................... 22.4 1.9 #7.9 1.6 17.6 1.8 26.0 2.7 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 11.3 0.8 #5.0 1.3 9.7 1.4 12.9 1.2 

 2004–2006....................................... 12.3 1.0 #5.5 1.4 9.6 1.3 14.3 1.5 

 2003–2005....................................... 12.2 1.0 #5.6 1.3 8.6 1.1 14.8 1.7 

 2002–2004....................................... 14.1 1.4 #9.5 2.8 #15.5 3.5 14.1 1.7 

 2001–2003....................................... 15.1 1.7 #10.2 2.9 #16.3 3.5 15.1 2.2 

 2000–2002....................................... 18.3 1.9 #11.3 3.3 #20.0 3.7 18.3 2.5 

 1999–2001....................................... 21.9 2.5 #8.8 2.3 18.8 3.1 24.6 3.6 

 1998–2000....................................... 19.5 2.1 #8.4 2.5 #20.4 3.9 20.3 2.7 

 1997–1999....................................... 15.1 2.0 #8.3 2.2 #19.9 3.8 #13.8 2.5 

 1996–1998....................................... 12.2 1.4 #7.4 2.1 16.1 2.8 11.0 1.7 

 1995–1997....................................... 11.9 1.4 #6.8 1.5 13.8 2.2 11.6 2.0 

 1994–1996....................................... 10.5 1.2 #8.7 2.8 #9.1 1.7 11.7 1.8 

 1993–1995....................................... 9.2 1.1 #8.3 2.7 #8.3 1.6 #9.9 1.8 

 1992–1994....................................... 9.5 1.1 #8.3 3.2 8.7 1.5 10.1 1.7 

 1991–1993....................................... 12.8 1.5 #3.0 0.6 13.1 1.8 13.8 2.0 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 21.5 1.4 #12.0 4.2 16.6 1.4 26.3 2.5 

 2004–2006....................................... 21.9 1.5 #13.5 4.0 17.7 1.6 26.1 2.3 

 2003–2005....................................... 21.3 1.4 #9.8 2.2 18.1 1.7 25.5 2.2 

 2002–2004....................................... 21.6 1.8 #11.7 2.4 19.0 2.0 25.4 2.8 

 2001–2003....................................... 22.1 1.9 10.0 1.7 20.6 2.4 25.5 3.0 

 2000–2002....................................... 24.4 2.3 12.7 2.1 26.4 3.2 25.3 3.5 

 1999–2001....................................... 25.4 2.2 #12.3 2.7 27.3 3.5 26.7 3.3 

 1998–2000....................................... 23.3 2.1 #11.5 2.2 23.2 3.2 26.3 3.3 

 1997–1999....................................... 19.1 1.8 #12.1 2.7 17.5 2.1 22.0 3.1 

 1996–1998....................................... 16.6 1.4 #13.1 2.7 13.8 1.6 19.3 2.3 

 1995–1997....................................... 16.0 1.3 #22.8 6.4 12.0 1.6 17.0 1.9 

 1994–1996....................................... 15.2 1.3 #17.0 4.5 10.5 1.8 18.0 2.2 

 1993–1995....................................... 16.0 1.5 #18.1 5.7 12.3 2.0 17.9 2.5 

 1992–1994....................................... 16.2 1.6 #13.3 4.7 15.6 2.2 17.4 2.6 

 1991–1993....................................... 18.5 2.0 #15.9 7.3 18.7 2.6 19.0 3.0 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... #46.2 16.8 #15.8 9.2 #79.4 21.6 #26.2 7.7 

 2004–2006....................................... #28.1 5.3 #16.0 8.1 #30.7 9.3 #30.3 8.6 

 2003–2005....................................... 27.4 4.5 – – #23.4 4.8 #30.3 7.9 

 2002–2004....................................... 31.7 5.0 #23.5 7.7 #35.7 11.7 #29.4 7.5 

 2001–2003....................................... #28.1 5.1 #26.3 10.4 #37.1 12.7 #20.5 4.1 

 2000–2002....................................... 34.1 5.4 #23.7 7.2 #39.0 12.7 #32.2 8.2 

 1999–2001....................................... #32.7 6.2 #24.0 9.0 #29.6 7.7 #37.8 11.0 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 12.2 1.6 – – #11.0 2.4 12.6 1.9 

 2004–2006....................................... #14.3 3.3 #15.2 7.0 #14.3 3.6 #14.3 4.1 

 2003–2005....................................... #19.4 3.9 #35.5 19.3 #10.4 3.5 #21.3 5.2 

 2002–2004....................................... #21.4 4.0 #38.9 21.2 #12.1 3.7 #23.6 5.3 

 2001–2003....................................... 20.3 3.2 – – #13.1 4.1 22.3 3.9 

 2000–2002....................................... 16.2 2.6 #4.0 2.6 #13.7 4.2 #17.7 3.4 

 1999–2001....................................... 17.0 3.0 #25.7 20.9 #15.7 5.5 #17.0 3.4 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 31.1 4.3 #17.9 6.1 #25.1 5.2 #36.1 7.1 

 2004–2006....................................... 31.6 4.5 #9.5 1.9 #26.5 4.8 #39.0 8.3 

 2003–2005....................................... 29.6 4.4 #13.9 3.2 #29.2 5.4 #32.5 7.5 

 2002–2004....................................... 26.0 4.0 #

31.5 17.0 #22.7 4.4 #26.6 5.2 
Table 5. NSDUH: Average total number of drinks in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

61

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. Drinks S.E. 

 

Female 

 More than one race 

 2001–2003....................................... 25.0 4.0 #32.4 18.4 #19.4 4.9 #26.4 4.9 

 2000–2002....................................... 28.0 4.9 #30.1 17.2 #28.0 8.7 #27.6 5.8 

 1999–2001....................................... 26.7 4.4 #32.0 18.1 #25.6 8.2 #26.5 5.1 

– Fewer than 10 respondents in the cell. 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5%. 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 6-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 years olds, United States, 1991–2007.1

62

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2007................................................. 18.4 0.4 2.2 0.2 16.1 0.6 35.7 0.9 

 2006................................................. 18.6 0.4 3.1 0.3 16.6 0.5 35.8 0.8 

 2005................................................. 18.6 0.4 2.7 0.2 16.5 0.5 36.3 0.9 

 2004................................................. 19.2 0.5 2.8 0.3 18.7 0.6 36.5 1.0 

 2003................................................. 18.9 0.4 3.3 0.2 17.1 0.5 36.5 0.8 

 2002................................................. 19.1 0.3 3.3 0.2 17.9 0.5 36.5 0.8 

 2001................................................. 18.6 0.4 2.8 0.2 17.4 0.5 35.4 0.8 

 2000................................................. 18.1 0.4 3.3 0.2 16.7 0.5 34.2 0.8 

 1999................................................. 17.8 0.4 2.8 0.2 16.2 0.5 33.9 0.8 

 1998................................................. 15.2 0.8 2.5 0.4 13.2 0.9 30.1 1.8 

 1997................................................. 14.8 0.8 2.4 0.4 14.1 1.0 28.3 1.8 

 1996................................................. 13.8 0.9 2.0 0.3 12.3 1.0 28.4 2.0 

 1995................................................. 13.9 0.7 3.3 0.6 12.6 0.7 27.6 1.7 

 1994................................................. 14.6 1.4 2.0 0.3 10.7 1.0 31.3 2.8 

 1993................................................. 12.1 0.7 #1.0 0.2 10.9 0.9 24.8 1.6 

 1992................................................. 12.2 0.7 #1.1 0.3 9.6 0.7 26.1 1.8 

 1991................................................. 15.2 0.8 #1.2 0.2 12.7 1.0 30.0 1.7 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007................................................. 22.2 0.6 2.7 0.3 18.9 0.7 42.3 1.1 

 2006................................................. 22.4 0.5 3.3 0.4 20.5 0.7 42.5 1.0 

 2005................................................. 22.3 0.5 2.4 0.2 19.6 0.7 43.5 1.1 

 2004................................................. 22.6 0.6 3.0 0.3 21.3 0.7 43.3 1.2 

 2003................................................. 22.5 0.5 3.8 0.3 20.9 0.7 42.9 1.0 

 2002................................................. 22.7 0.5 3.6 0.3 21.1 0.7 43.0 0.9 

 2001................................................. 21.4 0.5 3.1 0.3 20.4 0.6 39.9 1.0 

 2000................................................. 21.0 0.5 3.7 0.3 19.5 0.6 39.0 0.9 

 1999................................................. 20.9 0.4 3.1 0.3 18.5 0.6 40.3 1.0 

 1998................................................. 18.4 1.2 #3.0 0.6 15.9 1.3 36.5 2.5 

 1997................................................. 17.6 1.0 #2.3 0.5 16.4 1.3 34.7 2.3 

 1996................................................. 16.0 1.2 #2.3 0.5 14.0 1.2 34.4 2.8 

 1995................................................. 16.0 1.0 #3.6 0.7 14.4 1.0 32.1 2.2 

 1994................................................. 17.9 1.7 #2.3 0.5 13.8 1.4 37.6 3.2 

 1993................................................. 14.4 0.9 #1.1 0.3 12.4 1.1 30.3 2.1 

 1992................................................. 14.6 1.0 #1.3 0.4 10.9 0.9 31.6 2.3 

 1991................................................. 18.0 1.1 #1.2 0.2 15.0 1.4 35.5 2.2 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007................................................. 8.1 0.6 #1.0 0.2 6.9 1.1 16.9 1.3 

 2006................................................. 8.1 0.7 #1.8 0.5 6.8 0.9 15.8 1.5 

 2005................................................. 9.2 0.7 #2.3 0.6 8.2 1.2 17.6 1.6 

 2004................................................. 9.4 0.7 #1.2 0.4 8.6 1.1 19.8 1.9 

 2003................................................. 8.4 0.6 #1.9 0.4 5.6 0.8 18.2 1.6 

 2002................................................. 9.6 0.6 #1.5 0.4 8.5 1.0 19.7 1.5 

 2001................................................. 10.0 0.7 #1.9 0.5 8.3 1.0 20.3 1.6 

 2000................................................. 9.7 0.7 #1.4 0.4 6.5 0.8 21.5 1.8 

 1999................................................. 9.4 0.7 #1.2 0.4 7.7 0.9 18.6 1.8 

 1998................................................. 5.9 0.9 #1.2 0.6 #4.7 1.2 11.8 2.0 

 1997................................................. #6.2 1.1 #1.5 0.6 #6.4 1.3 #10.5 2.8 

 1996................................................. 7.4 0.8 #1.0 0.5 6.1 1.1 15.3 2.5 

 1995................................................. 6.4 0.8 #2.0 0.7 #4.0 1.0 13.9 2.3 

 1994................................................. #5.7 1.0 #1.1 0.5 #2.9 0.9 #13.7 2.5 

 1993................................................. #4.2 0.9 #0.1 0.1 #3.0 1.1 #9.6 2.6 

 1992................................................. 5.0 0.6 #0.4 0.4 #5.9 1.4 9.0 1.5 

 1991................................................. 6.5 0.7 #1.4 1.0 #5.8 1.2 12.0 1.5 

 Hispanic 

 2007................................................. 15.9 0.8 #1.9 0.4 14.9 1.4 30.8 2.0 

 2006................................................. 16.3 0.7 #3.7 0.7 14.4 1.2 31.5 1.7 

 2005................................................. 16.7 1.0 #4.0 0.9 15.9 1.3 30.5 2.3 

 2004................................................. 18.4 0.9 #3.7 0.8 20.0 1.5 32.4 2.2 

 2003................................................. 17.0 0.9 #3.2 0.7 14.8 1.2 32.6 2.1 

 2002................................................. 16.1 0.8 4.6 0.8 15.9 1.3 28.1 1.8 

 2001................................................. 17.0 0.9 #2.7 0.6 15.4 1.4 32.9 2.1 

 2000................................................. 16.1 0.9 3.8 0.6 16.7 1.4 27.8 2.0 

 1999................................................. 15.0 0.8 #3.3 0.6 16.2 1.4 25.3 1.9 

 1998................................................. 12.3 0.9 #2.0 0.6 11.0 1.6 24.7 2.1 

 1997................................................. 11.0 0.9 #3.5 0.8 11.6 1.6 18.1 2.5 

 1996................................................. 12.7 1.3 #

2.6 0.6 13.6 1.9 20.9 2.8 
Table 6-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 years olds, United States, 1991–2007. 1 — Continued 

63

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Hispanic 

 1995................................................. 11.7 1.3 #2.3 0.8 12.9 1.9 20.9 3.3 

 1994................................................. 10.1 1.2 #1.5 0.6 #6.3 1.3 22.0 3.3 

 1993................................................. 11.2 1.3 #1.4 0.6 11.6 1.9 19.6 2.8 

 1992................................................. 9.4 1.0 #1.6 0.8 8.2 1.2 19.7 2.2 

 1991................................................. 11.5 1.1 #1.6 0.5 10.5 1.5 21.7 2.3 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007................................................. #21.4 7.0 #2.9 2.1 #32.8 14.0 #24.9 6.6 

 2006................................................. #22.7 4.3 #13.6 7.0 #16.7 3.3 #33.3 8.5 

 2005................................................. 19.8 3.1 #7.1 3.5 #12.4 3.6 #39.6 7.3 

 2004................................................. 17.2 2.6 #6.0 3.4 #23.7 5.8 #23.3 6.0 

 2003................................................. 20.0 2.7 #6.4 3.0 #21.9 5.8 #33.2 5.9 

 2002................................................. 23.7 3.4 #5.0 2.3 #29.0 7.9 #36.6 8.2 

 2001................................................. #17.9 4.1 #3.6 2.4 #30.1 7.7 #19.1 6.8 

 2000................................................. #18.6 3.7 #3.4 2.4 #16.4 4.8 #42.9 10.6 

 1999................................................. #21.7 3.9 #5.6 3.3 #30.5 5.9 #38.8 9.4 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2007................................................. 10.9 1.8 #0.3 0.2 #11.4 3.5 20.0 3.0 

 2006................................................. 11.8 1.9 #1.8 1.2 #6.7 1.5 25.0 4.4 

 2005................................................. 7.8 1.1 #1.8 1.2 #4.5 1.7 16.8 2.4 

 2004................................................. 8.3 1.4 #2.8 1.6 #7.2 2.6 13.7 2.1 

 2003................................................. 10.8 1.5 #1.0 1.0 #4.7 1.4 23.8 3.4 

 2002................................................. 8.8 1.3 #0.7 0.5 #4.2 1.5 21.4 3.1 

 2001................................................. 10.5 1.6 #0.2 0.1 #8.4 2.2 #22.7 4.1 

 2000................................................. 7.9 1.3 #0.9 0.5 #6.9 1.4 #16.7 3.6 

 1999................................................. #6.8 1.3 #1.6 0.9 #6.6 1.8 #12.4 3.3 

 More than one race 

 2007................................................. 15.7 2.1 #3.3 1.1 #10.3 2.2 #33.6 6.0 

 2006................................................. 20.7 2.8 #1.6 1.1 #19.9 3.5 48.7 7.8 

 2005................................................. 17.2 2.1 #3.9 1.1 #16.6 3.4 34.6 5.4 

 2004................................................. 17.2 1.8 #1.6 0.6 19.7 3.2 38.7 4.7 

 2003................................................. #15.9 2.8 #3.4 1.2 #20.4 6.9 30.2 5.0 

 2002................................................. 20.5 2.8 #3.1 2.2 #17.5 4.2 48.3 6.1 

 2001................................................. 16.0 2.3 #3.4 1.7 #11.4 2.9 34.4 5.9 

 2000................................................. 15.1 2.6 #4.2 1.8 #15.4 5.1 #30.9 6.3 

 1999................................................. 16.8 2.3 #2.4 1.2 #15.1 3.7 33.5 5.6 

 

Male 

All races 

2007................................................. 20.9 0.5 1.9 0.3 18.0 0.9 41.2 1.0 

 2006................................................. 20.9 0.6 2.7 0.3 18.1 0.7 41.0 1.2 

 2005................................................. 21.2 0.6 2.4 0.3 17.3 0.7 43.2 1.2 

 2004................................................. 21.5 0.7 2.7 0.4 19.5 0.9 42.6 1.4 

 2003................................................. 21.6 0.5 3.2 0.3 18.4 0.7 43.6 1.2 

 2002................................................. 21.6 0.5 3.2 0.3 18.8 0.7 42.9 1.1 

 2001................................................. 21.6 0.5 2.6 0.3 19.0 0.7 43.1 1.1 

 2000................................................. 20.6 0.5 3.1 0.3 18.3 0.7 40.4 1.1 

 1999................................................. 20.9 0.5 3.3 0.3 18.4 0.7 41.2 1.2 

 1998................................................. 18.6 1.0 #2.6 0.5 15.4 1.2 38.3 2.2 

 1997................................................. 19.5 1.3 #3.2 0.7 16.4 1.6 38.7 2.9 

 1996................................................. 17.8 1.3 #2.5 0.5 15.1 1.5 36.9 2.9 

 1995................................................. 17.6 1.1 #3.4 0.7 15.7 1.2 36.2 2.5 

 1994................................................. 18.7 2.0 #1.7 0.4 12.9 1.4 42.6 3.8 

 1993................................................. 16.1 1.0 #1.5 0.4 14.9 1.4 32.2 2.4 

 1992................................................. 16.0 1.0 #1.5 0.5 12.0 1.0 35.1 2.2 

 1991................................................. 19.5 1.1 #1.4 0.4 16.3 1.3 38.3 2.1 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007................................................. 24.8 0.7 2.0 0.3 21.3 1.1 47.6 1.3 

 2006................................................. 24.7 0.7 3.0 0.4 21.7 0.9 48.2 1.3 

 2005................................................. 24.8 0.8 1.7 0.3 21.1 0.8 50.0 1.6 

 2004................................................. 25.3 0.9 3.0 0.4 21.9 1.0 50.2 1.6 

 2003................................................. 25.2 0.6 3.6 0.4 21.7 0.9 50.9 1.4 

 2002................................................. 25.3 0.7 3.3 0.4 22.7 0.9 49.8 1.4 

 2001................................................. 24.4 0.7 2.8 0.4 22.1 0.9 47.8 1.4 

 2000................................................. 23.6 0.6 3.8 0.4 21.1 0.8 45.4 1.3 

 1999................................................. 24.3 0.7 4.0 0.4 20.9 0.9 48.4 1.4 

 1998................................................. 21.9 1.4 #

3.2 0.8 18.3 1.8 44.6 2.9 
Table 6-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 years olds, United States, 1991–2007. 1 — Continued 

64

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 1997................................................. 22.7 1.7 #3.6 1.0 18.4 2.1 45.8 3.7 

 1996................................................. 20.5 2.0 #3.1 0.7 16.3 2.0 44.4 4.1 

 1995................................................. 20.0 1.5 #4.3 1.1 17.2 1.5 41.3 3.3 

 1994................................................. 21.7 2.6 #1.7 0.5 15.9 1.9 48.8 4.5 

 1993................................................. 18.9 1.2 #2.0 0.6 17.1 1.8 38.1 3.3 

 1992................................................. 18.5 1.4 #1.7 0.7 13.4 1.4 40.4 2.9 

 1991................................................. 22.8 1.5 #1.1 0.4 18.7 1.9 45.3 2.6 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007................................................. 9.2 0.9 #1.0 0.5 #7.3 1.5 20.3 1.9 

 2006................................................. 9.1 1.0 #2.2 0.9 7.0 1.2 18.0 2.2 

 2005................................................. 11.6 1.1 #2.5 0.8 #9.9 1.8 23.3 2.7 

 2004................................................. 11.1 1.0 #1.0 0.5 #9.0 1.7 25.2 2.8 

 2003................................................. 10.5 1.0 #1.4 0.6 #7.4 1.4 22.8 2.3 

 2002................................................. 10.5 0.9 #1.2 0.5 8.2 1.4 22.9 2.2 

 2001................................................. 11.8 1.0 #2.1 0.7 8.2 1.4 25.6 2.4 

 2000................................................. 10.9 1.0 #1.3 0.5 7.0 1.1 25.5 2.6 

 1999................................................. 10.8 1.1 #0.9 0.4 8.4 1.3 22.9 2.8 

 1998................................................. 7.8 1.0 #1.9 1.1 #4.8 1.4 17.5 2.4 

 1997................................................. #8.8 1.9 #1.7 0.9 #8.3 2.0 #16.5 4.8 

 1996................................................. 9.6 1.4 #1.0 0.8 #7.1 1.8 #22.6 4.1 

 1995................................................. 9.2 1.4 #2.5 1.0 #5.3 1.5 #20.9 3.8 

 1994................................................. #9.6 2.0 #1.8 1.0 #3.6 1.3 #23.9 4.9 

 1993................................................. #5.9 1.7 #0.2 0.2 #3.4 1.8 #14.5 4.7 

 1992................................................. 7.6 1.3 #0.8 0.8 #7.6 2.1 #15.9 2.8 

 1991................................................. 9.4 1.4 #2.5 1.9 #9.7 2.3 16.0 2.8 

 Hispanic 

 2007................................................. 19.2 1.3 #2.4 0.6 16.8 2.0 37.7 3.3 

 2006................................................. 19.3 1.2 #2.4 0.7 17.7 2.0 37.2 2.6 

 2005................................................. 19.9 1.4 #4.4 1.1 14.4 1.5 39.9 3.3 

 2004................................................. 19.8 1.2 #2.9 1.0 21.7 2.6 36.2 2.9 

 2003................................................. 20.7 1.4 #3.5 1.2 17.1 2.0 40.6 2.9 

 2002................................................. 19.2 1.2 #5.6 1.4 16.0 1.8 34.8 2.8 

 2001................................................. 20.6 1.4 #3.0 0.9 17.7 2.0 40.2 3.1 

 2000................................................. 19.2 1.4 #2.8 0.7 19.7 2.2 34.9 3.0 

 1999................................................. 18.5 1.2 #4.0 1.1 19.5 2.0 32.6 3.0 

 1998................................................. 16.0 1.5 #1.7 0.7 #13.1 2.4 34.3 3.2 

 1997................................................. 15.3 1.6 #3.5 1.2 15.2 2.3 27.3 4.1 

 1996................................................. 16.4 1.8 #2.3 0.9 19.7 3.1 25.9 3.7 

 1995................................................. 15.3 2.0 #0.4 0.3 19.0 3.1 #29.9 5.8 

 1994................................................. 14.5 2.1 #0.7 0.3 #9.0 1.8 34.4 5.4 

 1993................................................. 16.2 2.1 #0.8 0.5 16.6 2.4 29.3 4.5 

 1992................................................. 12.9 1.6 #1.7 1.2 #9.5 1.8 29.8 3.2 

 1991................................................. 16.7 1.6 #2.0 0.8 #14.9 2.7 31.5 3.6 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007................................................. #19.3 5.7 #4.4 3.9 #27.5 13.0 #24.3 8.8 

 2006................................................. #34.4 6.8 #24.8 13.6 #22.1 5.3 #46.5 12.3 

 2005................................................. 26.8 4.5 #7.7 6.2 #18.5 6.2 57.2 7.9 

 2004................................................. #13.8 4.0 #5.1 4.3 #22.0 7.3 #15.9 9.8 

 2003................................................. #21.9 4.5 #6.5 5.0 #27.7 9.2 #37.1 9.4 

 2002................................................. #20.2 4.1 #1.6 1.2 #13.5 5.8 57.9 7.7 

 2001................................................. #28.2 7.6 #3.9 4.5 #42.0 11.7 #36.2 8.8 

 2000................................................. #12.3 3.9 #0.0 0.0 #12.7 5.7 #35.0 14.0 

 1999................................................. #25.0 5.2 #2.1 2.0 #34.9 10.5 #40.3 11.1 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2007................................................. #14.0 2.6 #0.5 0.4 #14.4 5.2 #26.6 4.7 

 2006................................................. 14.3 2.4 #1.0 0.7 #8.3 2.0 33.2 5.4 

 2005................................................. #7.0 1.4 #0.9 0.8 #2.0 0.9 #18.6 3.6 

 2004................................................. #10.7 2.4 #3.1 3.0 #9.5 4.0 #18.1 3.9 

 2003................................................. #11.6 2.1 #0.2 0.2 #4.5 1.9 #27.2 4.9 

 2002................................................. #11.1 2.0 #1.1 0.8 #3.0 1.2 31.1 5.3 

 2001................................................. #12.2 2.3 #0.2 0.2 #8.4 3.0 #31.8 6.0 

 2000................................................. #11.0 2.0 #1.8 1.0 #9.6 2.3 #22.2 5.8 

 1999................................................. #8.8 2.2 #0.5 0.4 #8.6 2.9 #17.5 6.0 

 More than one race 

 2007................................................. #16.1 3.0 #3.6 2.1 #6.1 2.3 #41.9 8.3 

 2006................................................. 21.2 3.7 #

1.1 0.9 #18.7 4.7 52.8 9.0 
Table 6-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 years olds, United States, 1991–2007. 1 — Continued 

65

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Male 

 More than one race 

 2005................................................. 17.7 3.0 #4.2 1.7 #12.8 4.2 #42.5 7.6 

 2004................................................. 18.7 3.2 #1.6 0.9 #22.3 4.5 #44.2 9.8 

 2003................................................. #18.0 4.9 #3.6 1.9 #27.8 11.8 #29.6 6.7 

 2002................................................. 22.4 3.4 #0.5 0.5 #18.6 5.8 55.7 8.8 

 2001................................................. #20.5 3.8 #4.9 2.9 #13.9 4.8 #53.3 9.8 

 2000................................................. #18.1 4.1 0.0 0.0 #11.6 5.1 #40.8 8.7 

 1999................................................. #17.7 3.6 #1.1 0.9 #15.3 5.6 #34.7 8.7 

 

Female 

All races 

2007................................................. 15.8 0.5 2.5 0.4 14.0 0.7 29.8 1.3 

 2006................................................. 16.3 0.5 3.5 0.4 15.1 0.8 30.1 1.2 

 2005................................................. 16.0 0.5 3.0 0.3 15.6 0.7 29.1 1.2 

 2004................................................. 16.8 0.5 3.0 0.3 17.8 0.8 30.1 1.2 

 2003................................................. 16.1 0.5 3.5 0.4 15.7 0.7 29.0 1.0 

 2002................................................. 16.6 0.4 3.4 0.3 16.8 0.8 29.8 1.0 

 2001................................................. 15.5 0.4 3.0 0.3 15.8 0.7 27.5 1.0 

 2000................................................. 15.6 0.5 3.5 0.3 15.0 0.6 27.8 1.0 

 1999................................................. 14.7 0.4 2.3 0.2 13.9 0.6 26.9 0.9 

 1998................................................. 11.7 1.3 #2.4 0.6 10.9 1.3 21.7 2.9 

 1997................................................. 9.9 0.7 #1.5 0.3 11.8 0.9 16.7 1.8 

 1996................................................. 9.5 0.8 #1.5 0.4 9.5 1.2 18.5 1.8 

 1995................................................. 10.2 0.9 #3.2 0.8 9.4 1.1 18.9 2.1 

 1994................................................. 10.3 1.1 #2.3 0.5 8.5 1.2 20.1 2.6 

 1993................................................. 7.8 0.9 #0.4 0.1 7.0 1.1 16.5 1.9 

 1992................................................. 8.3 1.0 #0.7 0.3 7.0 1.1 17.3 2.7 

 1991................................................. 10.7 0.9 #1.1 0.4 8.8 1.1 21.2 2.1 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007................................................. 19.4 0.7 3.4 0.5 16.3 1.0 36.6 1.5 

 2006................................................. 20.0 0.7 3.6 0.5 19.2 1.1 36.4 1.6 

 2005................................................. 19.6 0.7 3.0 0.4 18.0 1.0 36.6 1.5 

 2004................................................. 19.8 0.6 3.0 0.4 20.7 1.1 36.0 1.4 

 2003................................................. 19.8 0.6 4.0 0.5 20.1 1.0 34.8 1.3 

 2002................................................. 19.9 0.6 3.8 0.5 19.4 1.0 36.0 1.2 

 2001................................................. 18.2 0.5 3.5 0.4 18.6 0.8 31.8 1.2 

 2000................................................. 18.3 0.6 3.7 0.4 17.9 0.8 32.4 1.3 

 1999................................................. 17.3 0.5 2.3 0.3 16.1 0.8 32.4 1.2 

 1998................................................. 14.9 1.9 #2.8 0.9 13.5 1.8 28.1 4.1 

 1997................................................. 12.2 0.9 #0.9 0.4 14.4 1.2 22.0 2.4 

 1996................................................. 11.1 1.0 #1.5 0.5 11.4 1.7 22.8 2.2 

 1995................................................. 11.8 1.1 #2.9 0.9 11.4 1.4 22.5 2.9 

 1994................................................. 13.7 1.4 #2.9 0.8 11.5 1.7 26.1 3.4 

 1993................................................. 9.6 1.2 #0.1 0.1 #7.8 1.5 21.4 2.6 

 1992................................................. 10.4 1.5 #0.8 0.3 #8.0 1.4 22.6 3.6 

 1991................................................. 13.0 1.2 #1.3 0.5 11.1 1.5 25.3 2.8 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007................................................. 7.1 0.8 #0.9 0.5 #6.6 1.4 13.6 2.0 

 2006................................................. 6.9 0.7 #1.4 0.5 #6.6 1.3 13.2 1.7 

 2005................................................. 6.6 0.7 #2.1 0.7 #6.3 1.1 11.9 1.5 

 2004................................................. 7.7 0.9 #1.4 0.6 8.2 1.3 14.4 2.3 

 2003................................................. 6.4 0.7 #2.4 0.6 #3.8 0.8 13.6 1.9 

 2002................................................. 8.6 0.8 #1.9 0.6 8.8 1.5 16.4 2.0 

 2001................................................. 8.1 0.8 #1.6 0.6 8.3 1.3 14.9 1.9 

 2000................................................. 8.5 0.9 #1.6 0.5 #5.9 1.1 17.8 2.4 

 1999................................................. 8.1 0.9 #1.6 0.6 7.1 1.2 14.7 2.1 

 1998................................................. #4.1 1.3 #0.5 0.3 #4.5 1.8 #7.0 3.0 

 1997................................................. #3.6 0.8 #1.2 0.8 #4.8 1.4 #4.5 1.7 

 1996................................................. 5.2 0.9 #1.0 0.7 #5.2 1.5 #8.9 2.0 

 1995................................................. #3.7 0.8 #1.5 1.0 #2.8 1.2 #7.2 1.9 

 1994................................................. #2.0 0.5 #0.3 0.3 #2.2 0.9 #3.6 1.1 

 1993................................................. #2.4 0.8 #0.1 0.1 #2.7 1.5 #4.6 1.9 

 1992................................................. #2.5 0.6 0.0 0.0 #4.1 1.9 #3.4 1.1 

 1991................................................. #3.5 0.8 #0.1 0.1 #1.9 0.8 #8.0 1.9 

 Hispanic 

 2007................................................. 12.3 1.2 #1.4 0.6 12.9 1.8 23.4 2.6 

 2006................................................. 13.0 1.1 #

5.1 1.3 11.0 1.6 24.2 2.8 
Table 6-1. NSDUH: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among 12–20 years olds, United States, 1991–2007. 1 — Continued 

66

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Female 

 Hispanic 

 2005................................................. 13.1 1.0 #3.6 1.1 17.6 1.9 19.5 2.2 

 2004................................................. 16.8 1.4 #4.7 1.3 18.3 2.6 28.2 2.7 

 2003................................................. 12.8 1.0 #2.9 0.8 12.5 1.5 23.2 2.6 

 2002................................................. 12.7 1.1 #3.5 0.8 15.9 1.9 19.6 2.4 

 2001................................................. 13.0 1.2 #2.5 0.8 13.1 2.0 24.0 2.6 

 2000................................................. 12.7 1.1 #4.8 1.0 13.8 1.7 19.6 2.4 

 1999................................................. 11.4 0.9 #2.6 0.6 12.8 1.7 18.4 2.0 

 1998................................................. 8.4 1.2 #2.5 1.0 #8.9 2.4 14.1 2.3 

 1997................................................. 6.4 0.9 #3.6 1.3 #8.0 1.7 #7.8 2.0 

 1996................................................. 8.5 1.3 #2.9 1.1 #7.5 2.0 #14.7 3.5 

 1995................................................. #8.1 1.4 #4.3 1.6 #7.0 2.4 #13.2 2.9 

 1994................................................. #5.8 1.5 #2.5 1.2 #3.7 1.5 #10.6 3.5 

 1993................................................. #5.9 1.3 #2.0 0.9 #6.3 3.1 #9.1 2.5 

 1992................................................. #5.7 1.1 #1.6 1.1 #6.9 1.9 #9.0 2.1 

 1991................................................. #5.9 1.1 #1.3 0.7 #5.9 1.6 #10.5 2.7 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007................................................. #23.5 12.3 #1.3 1.3 #37.0 21.0 #25.7 10.9 

 2006................................................. #12.6 2.7 #5.9 2.9 #12.6 4.1 #18.5 6.5 

 2005................................................. #13.2 5.4 #6.6 3.6 #5.1 2.4 #25.6 11.5 

 2004................................................. 21.0 3.6 #7.3 5.5 #25.6 10.4 #29.8 9.0 

 2003................................................. 18.1 3.1 #6.4 2.8 #16.7 6.0 #30.2 8.3 

 2002................................................. #27.5 5.4 #10.2 5.1 #49.2 13.0 #22.5 8.6 

 2001................................................. #8.9 2.8 #3.4 2.4 #14.9 5.2 #9.7 6.5 

 2000................................................. #26.9 7.8 #10.4 8.1 #20.4 8.5 #50.1 15.2 

 1999................................................. #18.0 6.3 #8.2 6.2 #24.5 9.6 #36.1 16.6 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2007................................................. #7.5 2.1 0.0 0.0 #8.1 4.2 #13.4 3.6 

 2006................................................. #9.3 3.2 #2.7 2.5 #5.0 2.1 #17.7 7.3 

 2005................................................. #8.5 2.0 #2.6 2.2 #7.0 3.2 #15.2 3.4 

 2004................................................. 6.0 0.9 #2.7 1.7 #4.7 2.3 #9.8 2.3 

 2003................................................. #9.9 1.9 #2.0 2.0 #4.9 2.0 #20.2 4.3 

 2002................................................. #6.6 1.8 #0.2 0.2 #5.2 2.6 #13.5 3.6 

 2001................................................. #8.8 2.0 #0.2 0.1 #8.4 3.1 #16.1 4.5 

 2000................................................. #4.9 1.5 0.0 0.0 #4.0 1.6 #11.3 4.4 

 1999................................................. #4.9 1.2 #2.5 1.5 #4.1 1.6 #7.9 2.7 

 More than one race 

 2007................................................. #15.4 3.0 #3.0 1.0 #13.8 3.3 #28.0 7.9 

 2006................................................. 20.2 3.3 #2.0 1.8 #20.9 5.3 #45.7 10.4 

 2005................................................. 16.8 2.9 #3.5 1.5 #20.4 5.2 #28.4 7.5 

 2004................................................. 15.8 2.6 #1.6 0.8 #17.2 4.5 #34.7 6.5 

 2003................................................. #13.8 2.6 #3.2 1.3 #12.6 4.4 #30.8 7.1 

 2002................................................. #18.7 4.0 #5.5 4.0 #16.7 5.8 #40.8 8.7 

 2001................................................. #12.5 2.9 #2.3 2.0 #8.9 3.4 #24.6 6.7 

 2000................................................. #12.5 3.4 #6.9 2.8 #18.5 8.3 #15.2 5.7 

 1999................................................. #15.9 3.1 #3.7 2.2 #14.7 4.6 #31.9 7.8 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5% 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 6-2. MTF: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 2 weeks, by grade and sex, United States, 1991–2007.

67

Sex and Year Total* 8th grade 10th grade 12th grade 

Both sexes 

2007............................... 17.8 10.3 21.9 25.9 

2006............................... 19.2 10.9 21.9 25.4 

2005............................... 19.5 10.5 21.0 27.1 

2004............................... 20.5 11.4 22.0 29.2 

2003............................... 20.4 11.9 22.2 27.9 

2002............................... 20.8 12.4 22.4 28.6 

2001............................... 22.0 13.2 24.9 29.7 

2000............................... 22.8 14.1 26.2 30.0 

1999............................... 23.3 15.2 25.6 30.8 

1998............................... 22.7 13.7 24.3 31.5 

1997............................... 23.1 14.5 25.1 31.3 

1996............................... 23.0 15.6 24.8 30.2 

1995............................... 22.5 14.5 24.0 29.8 

1994............................... 21.9 14.5 23.6 28.2 

1993............................... 21.0 13.5 23.0 27.5 

1992............................... 20.4 13.4 21.1 27.9 

1991............................... 21.5 12.9 22.9 29.8 

Male 

2007............................... 19.4 10.4 23.4 30.7 

2006............................... 20.5 10.5 22.9 28.9 

2005............................... 21.2 10.2 22.0 32.6 

2004............................... 22.3 10.8 23.8 34.3 

2003............................... 22.7 12.2 23.2 34.2 

2002............................... 22.8 12.5 23.8 34.2 

2001............................... 25.3 13.7 28.6 36.0 

2000............................... 25.9 14.4 29.8 36.7 

1999............................... 27.3 16.4 29.7 38.1 

1998............................... 26.0 14.4 26.7 39.2 

1997............................... 26.6 15.3 28.6 37.9 

1996............................... 26.2 16.5 27.2 37.0 

1995............................... 25.7 15.1 26.3 36.9 

1994............................... 26.7 16.0 28.5 37.0 

1993............................... 24.8 14.8 26.5 34.6 

1992............................... 23.8 13.9 23.7 35.6 

1991............................... 25.6 14.3 26.4 37.8 

Female 

2007............................... 16.0 10.0 20.4 21.5 

2006............................... 17.6 10.8 20.9 21.5 

2005............................... 17.5 10.6 19.9 21.6 

2004............................... 18.5 11.8 20.2 24.2 

2003............................... 18.1 11.6 21.2 22.1 

2002............................... 18.5 12.1 21.0 23.0 

2001............................... 18.8 12.4 21.4 23.7 

2000............................... 19.5 13.6 22.5 23.5 

1999............................... 19.4 13.9 21.8 23.6 

1998............................... 19.3 12.7 22.2 24.0 

1997............................... 19.5 13.5 21.7 24.4 

1996............................... 19.8 14.5 22.3 23.5 

1995............................... 19.4 13.9 21.5 23.0 

1994............................... 17.3 13.0 18.7 20.2 

1993............................... 17.1 12.3 19.3 20.7 

1992............................... 17.0 12.8 18.6 20.3 

1991............................... 17.1 11.4 19.5 21.2 

* Estimates for 8th–12th grades combined are calculated by AEDS using the MTF public-use data. 

NOTE: Standard errors are not available. 

SOURCE: Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2008). Monitoring the Future national survey 

results on drug use, 1975–2007: Volume I, Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 08-6418A). Bethesda, MD: National 

Institute on Drug Abuse. 
Table 6-3. YRBS: Prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 1991–2007.

68

Grade 

Sex and Year Total 9th grade 10th grade 11th grade 12th grade 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

Both sexes 

2007 .......................... 26.0 1.0 17.0 1.0 23.7 1.5 29.9 1.4 36.5 1.7 

2005 .......................... 25.5 1.1 19.0 1.1 24.6 1.6 27.6 1.6 32.8 1.7 

2003 .......................... 28.3 1.0 19.8 1.2 27.4 1.5 31.8 1.6 37.2 1.2 

2001 .......................... 29.9 1.0 24.5 1.4 28.2 1.3 32.2 1.7 36.7 1.9 

1999 .......................... 31.5 1.0 21.1 1.1 32.2 1.6 34.0 1.5 41.6 2.8 

1997 .......................... 33.4 1.1 25.7 2.0 29.9 1.9 37.5 1.5 39.3 2.4 

1995 .......................... 32.6 1.5 24.5 1.8 30.3 2.0 34.9 2.0 39.0 1.9 

1993 .......................... 30.0 1.0 22.0 1.0 26.2 1.3 31.3 1.7 39.1 1.6 

1991 .......................... 31.3 1.7 22.6 2.0 27.1 1.8 36.3 2.5 39.3 2.7 

Male 

2007 .......................... 27.8 1.4 17.0 1.7 25.5 1.9 33.1 1.3 40.4 2.6 

2005 .......................... 27.5 1.3 20.7 1.7 25.1 1.8 30.4 2.0 36.2 1.8 

2003 .......................... 29.0 1.1 18.8 1.4 27.7 1.9 34.1 2.0 39.5 1.9 

2001 .......................... 33.5 1.5 26.2 2.2 30.1 1.8 38.5 2.4 42.0 2.2 

1999 .......................... 34.9 1.3 21.7 1.9 33.4 2.8 38.8 2.9 49.5 2.9 

1997 .......................... 37.3 1.2 25.5 2.8 32.7 1.5 45.2 2.3 44.0 2.9 

1995 .......................... 36.2 1.5 27.6 2.6 32.1 2.3 37.8 2.4 46.5 2.1 

1993 .......................... 33.7 1.1 24.0 1.6 27.2 1.5 37.1 2.2 45.0 2.3 

1991 .......................... 36.5 2.1 24.8 2.5 31.4 2.2 44.1 3.3 45.8 3.5 

Female 

2007 .......................... 24.1 1.1 17.2 1.2 21.8 1.9 26.7 2.0 32.8 1.9 

2005 .......................... 23.5 1.2 17.3 1.4 24.1 1.8 25.0 1.7 29.2 2.0 

2003 .......................... 27.5 1.1 20.9 1.7 27.2 1.8 29.4 1.7 34.5 1.8 

2001 .......................... 26.4 1.0 23.0 1.6 26.3 1.5 26.1 1.5 31.8 2.5 

1999 .......................... 28.1 1.1 20.2 1.6 31.1 1.8 29.0 2.5 33.9 3.0 

1997 .......................... 28.6 1.4 25.8 2.5 26.3 3.7 28.2 2.1 33.6 2.5 

1995 .......................... 28.6 2.0 20.2 1.7 28.3 2.8 31.8 2.8 31.6 2.4 

1993 .......................... 26.0 1.1 19.7 1.6 25.3 1.6 25.1 1.4 33.0 1.8 

1991 .......................... 25.9 1.3 20.4 2.1 22.3 2.1 28.1 2.3 32.8 2.4 
Table 6-4. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1

69

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 3.09 0.04 1.29 0.08 2.44 0.06 3.59 0.06 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.10 0.05 1.33 0.09 2.49 0.06 3.62 0.07 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.06 0.05 1.32 0.09 2.52 0.06 3.55 0.07 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.08 0.04 1.42 0.09 2.55 0.06 3.58 0.07 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.11 0.04 1.40 0.08 2.57 0.06 3.61 0.07 

 2000–2002....................................... 3.18 0.05 1.44 0.08 2.66 0.06 3.68 0.07 

 1999–2001....................................... 3.19 0.05 1.39 0.08 2.66 0.06 3.68 0.07 

 1998–2000....................................... 3.25 0.09 1.51 0.13 2.66 0.09 3.76 0.13 

 1997–1999....................................... 3.15 0.12 1.55 0.22 2.59 0.12 3.67 0.18 

 1996–1998....................................... 3.16 0.14 1.69 0.27 2.56 0.15 3.72 0.19 

 1995–1997....................................... 2.93 0.10 1.71 0.27 2.41 0.13 3.47 0.14 

 1994–1996....................................... 2.65 0.12 1.49 0.22 1.98 0.11 3.23 0.17 

 1993–1995....................................... 2.42 0.12 1.30 0.21 1.75 0.11 2.96 0.17 

 1992–1994....................................... 2.28 0.13 #1.08 0.20 1.52 0.10 2.83 0.17 

 1991–1993....................................... 2.27 0.10 #0.74 0.19 1.71 0.11 2.75 0.15 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.43 0.05 1.34 0.10 2.67 0.07 4.00 0.07 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.42 0.06 1.28 0.09 2.69 0.07 4.03 0.08 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.34 0.06 1.22 0.08 2.70 0.07 3.91 0.08 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.32 0.05 1.32 0.09 2.72 0.07 3.90 0.08 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.37 0.05 1.37 0.09 2.72 0.07 3.97 0.08 

 2000–2002....................................... 3.43 0.06 1.43 0.10 2.77 0.07 4.03 0.08 

 1999–2001....................................... 3.44 0.06 1.40 0.09 2.77 0.07 4.04 0.09 

 1998–2000....................................... 3.51 0.11 1.65 0.17 2.80 0.10 4.09 0.16 

 1997–1999....................................... 3.41 0.15 #1.67 0.30 2.71 0.14 4.00 0.22 

 1996–1998....................................... 3.42 0.17 #1.84 0.35 2.61 0.16 4.11 0.25 

 1995–1997....................................... 3.12 0.12 #1.73 0.34 2.40 0.15 3.82 0.18 

 1994–1996....................................... 2.82 0.15 #1.46 0.26 2.02 0.13 3.49 0.21 

 1993–1995....................................... 2.60 0.15 #1.24 0.24 1.82 0.12 3.23 0.20 

 1992–1994....................................... 2.48 0.15 #1.03 0.23 1.62 0.12 3.09 0.20 

 1991–1993....................................... 2.55 0.13 #0.80 0.27 1.84 0.14 3.11 0.18 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 1.45 0.08 0.76 0.11 1.21 0.13 1.64 0.13 

 2004–2006....................................... 1.49 0.08 0.93 0.15 1.28 0.12 1.66 0.11 

 2003–2005....................................... 1.58 0.08 #0.97 0.18 1.28 0.14 1.79 0.11 

 2002–2004....................................... 1.69 0.09 #0.95 0.19 1.47 0.14 1.87 0.12 

 2001–2003....................................... 1.71 0.09 #0.94 0.18 1.47 0.14 1.90 0.13 

 2000–2002....................................... 1.87 0.11 0.86 0.13 1.74 0.17 2.05 0.15 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.03 0.12 #1.00 0.22 1.73 0.16 2.26 0.17 

 1998–2000....................................... 1.90 0.15 #0.73 0.18 1.62 0.23 2.15 0.19 

 1997–1999....................................... 1.79 0.20 #0.91 0.38 1.54 0.21 2.04 0.29 

 1996–1998....................................... 1.69 0.22 #0.85 0.36 1.45 0.22 1.95 0.33 

 1995–1997....................................... 1.73 0.18 #1.15 0.40 1.43 0.19 2.00 0.27 

 1994–1996....................................... 1.74 0.19 #1.36 0.45 0.90 0.15 2.28 0.30 

 1993–1995....................................... 1.48 0.20 #1.18 0.42 #0.75 0.15 1.92 0.31 

 1992–1994....................................... 1.30 0.19 #0.98 0.44 #0.64 0.13 #1.70 0.30 

 1991–1993....................................... 1.03 0.13 #0.25 0.14 1.03 0.18 1.16 0.18 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 2.69 0.10 1.40 0.24 2.11 0.13 3.18 0.17 

 2004–2006....................................... 2.84 0.11 #1.73 0.32 2.36 0.19 3.28 0.19 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.86 0.11 #1.75 0.37 2.38 0.18 3.30 0.18 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.97 0.13 #1.90 0.37 2.43 0.19 3.44 0.21 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.83 0.14 #1.66 0.30 2.46 0.16 3.20 0.20 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.88 0.14 1.67 0.21 2.69 0.17 3.18 0.22 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.82 0.13 1.47 0.17 2.70 0.17 3.10 0.20 

 1998–2000....................................... 3.11 0.15 1.13 0.14 2.77 0.26 3.68 0.25 

 1997–1999....................................... 3.03 0.16 #1.40 0.29 2.69 0.28 3.56 0.26 

 1996–1998....................................... 3.13 0.20 #1.56 0.31 2.90 0.33 3.54 0.28 

 1995–1997....................................... 2.81 0.23 #2.28 0.57 2.66 0.33 3.00 0.31 

 1994–1996....................................... 2.54 0.24 #1.27 0.39 2.47 0.42 2.80 0.31 

 1993–1995....................................... 2.30 0.21 #1.27 0.42 #2.16 0.40 2.58 0.28 

 1992–1994....................................... 2.16 0.21 #0.88 0.31 #1.94 0.40 2.53 0.29 

 1991–1993....................................... 2.00 0.15 #1.13 0.38 1.61 0.14 2.42 0.24 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... #4.02 0.94 #1.16 0.36 #6.17 1.98 3.48 0.58 

 2004–2006....................................... #

3.75 0.68 #1.98 0.84 #4.97 1.68 3.57 0.60 
Table 6-4. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

70

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.71 0.61 #4.22 1.21 #4.16 1.44 3.31 0.49 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.12 0.54 #4.27 1.25 #3.63 1.15 2.50 0.39 

 2001–2003....................................... #3.46 0.76 #3.00 1.06 #4.47 1.58 2.58 0.38 

 2000–2002....................................... #3.46 0.80 #1.61 0.66 #4.66 1.67 2.69 0.44 

 1999–2001....................................... #3.66 0.96 #1.84 0.71 #5.05 1.92 2.61 0.43 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 1.95 0.23 #0.84 0.29 #1.49 0.32 2.17 0.30 

 2004–2006....................................... 1.76 0.22 #0.92 0.26 1.20 0.19 2.02 0.30 

 2003–2005....................................... 1.89 0.20 #1.21 0.43 #1.46 0.38 2.10 0.25 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.08 0.23 #1.49 0.53 #1.49 0.38 2.32 0.29 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.26 0.24 #1.56 0.78 #1.75 0.38 2.48 0.31 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.01 0.21 #2.02 1.34 1.53 0.24 2.22 0.29 

 1999–2001....................................... 1.78 0.21 #1.62 0.99 1.55 0.23 1.90 0.29 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.35 0.30 #1.98 0.69 2.59 0.43 3.89 0.38 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.40 0.33 #1.41 0.59 2.73 0.40 4.08 0.49 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.02 0.29 #1.42 0.49 2.75 0.39 3.43 0.42 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.94 0.30 #1.73 0.91 2.04 0.23 3.65 0.49 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.92 0.31 #1.81 0.92 2.02 0.27 3.56 0.49 

 2000–2002....................................... 3.17 0.37 #1.96 1.01 1.88 0.30 4.06 0.59 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.85 0.34 #1.86 0.62 #1.99 0.37 3.43 0.51 

 

Male 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 3.75 0.07 1.37 0.13 2.86 0.10 4.35 0.10 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.76 0.07 1.43 0.16 2.92 0.10 4.39 0.10 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.73 0.07 1.41 0.16 2.97 0.10 4.33 0.10 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.80 0.07 1.49 0.15 3.00 0.09 4.45 0.10 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.88 0.07 1.46 0.13 3.06 0.09 4.53 0.10 

 2000–2002....................................... 3.97 0.07 1.53 0.12 3.17 0.09 4.62 0.10 

 1999–2001....................................... 3.96 0.08 1.53 0.12 3.17 0.09 4.61 0.11 

 1998–2000....................................... 4.07 0.14 1.79 0.21 3.19 0.14 4.74 0.21 

 1997–1999....................................... 4.11 0.19 #2.05 0.42 3.14 0.18 4.84 0.27 

 1996–1998....................................... 4.28 0.21 #2.50 0.50 3.27 0.23 5.03 0.30 

 1995–1997....................................... 4.05 0.16 #2.38 0.51 3.15 0.21 4.82 0.21 

 1994–1996....................................... 3.66 0.17 #1.89 0.38 2.73 0.17 4.39 0.24 

 1993–1995....................................... 3.33 0.18 #1.64 0.37 2.41 0.18 4.03 0.25 

 1992–1994....................................... 3.09 0.18 #1.44 0.36 2.08 0.17 3.75 0.24 

 1991–1993 2.96 0.15 #1.14 0.36 2.17 0.19 3.57 0.22 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 4.14 0.09 1.37 0.17 3.12 0.12 4.82 0.12 

 2004–2006....................................... 4.14 0.09 1.29 0.15 3.11 0.11 4.89 0.12 

 2003–2005....................................... 4.06 0.09 1.17 0.11 3.13 0.11 4.80 0.12 

 2002–2004....................................... 4.08 0.08 1.29 0.12 3.17 0.10 4.84 0.11 

 2001–2003....................................... 4.18 0.08 1.33 0.13 3.18 0.10 5.00 0.12 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.27 0.08 1.45 0.14 3.30 0.10 5.07 0.12 

 1999–2001....................................... 4.27 0.09 1.49 0.14 3.27 0.10 5.07 0.13 

 1998–2000....................................... 4.39 0.18 1.96 0.27 3.31 0.16 5.19 0.27 

 1997–1999....................................... 4.40 0.23 #2.23 0.55 3.21 0.20 5.26 0.33 

 1996–1998....................................... 4.63 0.27 #2.78 0.65 3.27 0.26 5.57 0.38 

 1995–1997....................................... 4.32 0.21 #2.51 0.62 3.07 0.24 5.35 0.27 

 1994–1996....................................... 3.90 0.22 #2.04 0.48 2.63 0.20 4.86 0.30 

 1993–1995....................................... 3.57 0.22 #1.76 0.50 2.36 0.18 4.45 0.29 

 1992–1994....................................... 3.33 0.22 #1.55 0.50 2.12 0.18 4.10 0.29 

 1991–1993....................................... 3.30 0.20 #1.26 0.52 2.32 0.24 4.01 0.28 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 1.90 0.16 #0.94 0.17 1.41 0.19 2.21 0.22 

 2004–2006....................................... 1.89 0.14 #1.12 0.25 1.57 0.23 2.11 0.18 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.00 0.14 #1.02 0.24 1.65 0.25 2.25 0.18 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.16 0.15 #0.94 0.27 1.74 0.24 2.45 0.20 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.13 0.14 #0.84 0.19 1.74 0.21 2.41 0.19 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.39 0.17 #0.97 0.22 2.06 0.25 2.65 0.23 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.51 0.19 #1.28 0.40 2.08 0.24 2.78 0.25 

 1998–2000....................................... 2.39 0.22 #1.03 0.36 1.80 0.28 2.74 0.29 

 1997–1999....................................... 2.45 0.33 #1.56 0.75 1.58 0.27 2.95 0.47 

 1996–1998....................................... 2.40 0.38 #

1.41 0.70 #1.45 0.26 #3.01 0.56 
Table 6-4. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

71

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Male 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 1995–1997....................................... 2.48 0.31 #1.95 0.77 1.60 0.27 3.09 0.49 

 1994–1996....................................... 2.52 0.31 #2.01 0.76 #1.12 0.23 3.25 0.47 

 1993–1995....................................... 2.19 0.31 #1.75 0.71 #1.07 0.26 2.77 0.47 

 1992–1994....................................... 1.99 0.32 #1.47 0.75 #0.88 0.23 #2.57 0.46 

 1991–1993....................................... 1.49 0.22 #0.42 0.25 #1.40 0.30 #1.72 0.31 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.30 0.15 #1.60 0.37 2.64 0.21 3.76 0.24 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.49 0.18 #2.07 0.62 2.98 0.32 3.88 0.27 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.57 0.19 #2.33 0.71 3.06 0.32 3.95 0.27 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.74 0.21 #2.45 0.67 3.01 0.33 4.26 0.32 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.56 0.21 #2.26 0.53 3.02 0.26 3.95 0.30 

 2000–2002....................................... 3.54 0.22 2.08 0.33 3.09 0.27 3.94 0.32 

 1999–2001....................................... 3.52 0.20 1.85 0.29 3.25 0.25 3.85 0.30 

 1998–2000....................................... 3.99 0.25 #1.26 0.24 3.53 0.43 4.59 0.34 

 1997–1999....................................... 4.02 0.26 #1.60 0.40 3.57 0.45 4.62 0.36 

 1996–1998....................................... 4.06 0.31 #1.85 0.48 3.81 0.52 4.49 0.39 

 1995–1997....................................... 3.63 0.31 #2.10 0.66 3.66 0.47 3.79 0.41 

 1994–1996....................................... 3.42 0.35 #0.80 0.37 #3.97 0.71 3.41 0.44 

 1993–1995....................................... 3.17 0.32 #0.96 0.62 #3.59 0.70 3.22 0.40 

 1992–1994....................................... 3.04 0.32 #0.96 0.57 #3.10 0.73 3.27 0.41 

 1991–1993....................................... 2.68 0.21 #1.42 0.61 2.18 0.23 3.15 0.31 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.93 0.57 #1.21 0.45 4.07 0.44 #4.55 0.83 

 2004–2006....................................... #5.04 1.09 #2.99 1.55 #6.78 2.82 #4.58 0.92 

 2003–2005....................................... #5.28 1.11 #5.13 1.92 #6.09 2.54 4.67 0.80 

 2002–2004....................................... #4.60 1.18 #6.65 1.38 #5.61 2.70 3.43 0.53 

 2001–2003....................................... #5.12 1.49 – – #6.61 2.91 3.75 0.50 

 2000–2002....................................... #4.73 1.59 – – #7.08 3.23 #3.19 0.58 

 1999–2001....................................... #4.46 1.65 – – #6.57 2.93 #2.53 0.53 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 2.70 0.42 #0.53 0.29 #1.94 0.49 3.16 0.54 

 2004–2006....................................... #2.32 0.43 #0.53 0.25 0.90 0.15 #3.00 0.58 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.13 0.30 – – #1.64 0.68 2.39 0.35 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.40 0.35 #0.83 0.23 #1.65 0.65 2.69 0.41 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.79 0.36 #0.53 0.30 #2.76 0.80 2.90 0.42 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.65 0.32 #2.44 1.78 #2.22 0.46 2.83 0.41 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.38 0.35 #2.93 2.26 #2.06 0.37 #2.52 0.49 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 3.80 0.46 #2.96 1.40 #2.48 0.67 4.44 0.64 

 2004–2006....................................... 3.92 0.54 #2.56 1.53 #2.76 0.61 4.77 0.83 

 2003–2005....................................... 3.33 0.45 #2.02 1.04 #2.99 0.60 #3.76 0.68 

 2002–2004....................................... 3.69 0.49 #0.70 0.24 2.54 0.40 4.80 0.79 

 2001–2003....................................... 3.83 0.54 #1.02 0.32 #2.67 0.51 4.87 0.83 

 2000–2002....................................... 4.33 0.63 #0.99 0.49 #2.17 0.54 5.67 0.92 

 1999–2001....................................... 3.74 0.58 – – #2.47 0.71 #4.52 0.82 

 

Female 

All races 

2005–2007....................................... 2.36 0.06 1.22 0.10 2.01 0.08 2.69 0.08 

 2004–2006....................................... 2.36 0.06 1.25 0.10 2.06 0.07 2.69 0.09 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.31 0.06 1.25 0.10 2.06 0.07 2.61 0.08 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.28 0.05 1.36 0.10 2.10 0.07 2.53 0.08 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.25 0.05 1.35 0.11 2.07 0.07 2.49 0.07 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.31 0.05 1.35 0.10 2.13 0.07 2.55 0.08 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.33 0.05 1.25 0.09 2.12 0.07 2.59 0.08 

 1998–2000....................................... 2.32 0.10 1.25 0.15 2.10 0.12 2.58 0.15 

 1997–1999....................................... 2.03 0.12 1.05 0.16 2.00 0.14 2.20 0.18 

 1996–1998....................................... 1.79 0.13 #0.90 0.16 1.80 0.15 1.94 0.20 

 1995–1997....................................... 1.56 0.07 #0.98 0.18 1.57 0.13 1.67 0.13 

 1994–1996....................................... 1.47 0.09 #1.10 0.22 1.19 0.11 1.72 0.14 

 1993–1995....................................... 1.38 0.10 #0.99 0.22 1.06 0.11 1.64 0.15 

 1992–1994....................................... 1.34 0.10 #0.76 0.23 0.93 0.10 1.66 0.15 

 1991–1993 1.43 0.12 #0.34 0.10 1.14 0.13 1.73 0.16 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2005–2007....................................... 2.66 0.07 1.32 0.12 2.20 0.08 3.06 0.09 

 2004–2006....................................... 2.64 0.07 1.26 0.12 2.26 0.09 3.03 0.11 
Table 6-4. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

72

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Female 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.55 0.07 1.27 0.11 2.28 0.09 2.87 0.10 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.49 0.06 1.35 0.13 2.28 0.09 2.79 0.09 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.47 0.06 1.41 0.14 2.25 0.08 2.75 0.09 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.51 0.06 1.41 0.13 2.22 0.08 2.83 0.09 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.54 0.06 1.31 0.12 2.25 0.08 2.85 0.09 

 1998–2000....................................... 2.54 0.14 1.33 0.18 2.25 0.15 2.84 0.19 

 1997–1999....................................... 2.27 0.16 1.04 0.18 2.18 0.17 2.49 0.24 

 1996–1998....................................... 1.96 0.17 #0.83 0.18 1.91 0.18 2.18 0.27 

 1995–1997....................................... 1.66 0.09 #0.80 0.19 1.68 0.16 1.82 0.16 

 1994–1996....................................... 1.58 0.11 #0.88 0.17 1.37 0.15 1.84 0.17 

 1993–1995....................................... 1.52 0.11 #0.75 0.16 1.24 0.14 1.82 0.17 

 1992–1994....................................... 1.53 0.12 #0.56 0.14 1.08 0.13 1.90 0.17 

 1991–1993....................................... 1.66 0.15 #0.31 0.12 1.27 0.17 2.03 0.20 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2005–2007....................................... 0.97 0.08 #0.61 0.13 1.01 0.15 1.00 0.11 

 2004–2006....................................... 1.03 0.07 #0.76 0.15 0.99 0.11 1.09 0.10 

 2003–2005....................................... 1.08 0.08 #0.93 0.26 0.87 0.10 1.21 0.12 

 2002–2004....................................... 1.18 0.09 #0.96 0.27 1.19 0.16 1.20 0.11 

 2001–2003....................................... 1.26 0.11 #1.01 0.27 1.23 0.18 1.31 0.15 

 2000–2002....................................... 1.32 0.11 0.77 0.13 1.44 0.23 1.34 0.14 

 1999–2001....................................... 1.50 0.15 0.72 0.12 1.39 0.23 1.64 0.21 

 1998–2000....................................... 1.35 0.16 #0.43 0.09 #1.45 0.35 1.43 0.20 

 1997–1999....................................... 1.07 0.17 #0.28 0.07 #1.50 0.33 #0.99 0.21 

 1996–1998....................................... 0.94 0.15 #0.33 0.15 #1.45 0.31 #0.77 0.19 

 1995–1997....................................... 0.93 0.13 #0.39 0.17 #1.25 0.25 #0.86 0.19 

 1994–1996....................................... 0.75 0.12 #0.56 0.30 #0.68 0.19 #0.85 0.17 

 1993–1995....................................... #0.54 0.11 #0.46 0.28 #0.41 0.14 #0.65 0.17 

 1992–1994....................................... #0.39 0.08 #0.39 0.29 #0.36 0.10 #0.40 0.12 

 1991–1993....................................... #0.45 0.09 #0.05 0.04 #0.44 0.11 #0.52 0.13 

 Hispanic 

 2005–2007....................................... 1.91 0.13 #1.23 0.30 1.57 0.18 2.28 0.21 

 2004–2006....................................... 2.04 0.16 #1.48 0.31 1.72 0.19 2.38 0.25 

 2003–2005....................................... 1.97 0.15 #1.27 0.30 1.69 0.16 2.31 0.25 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.00 0.16 #1.36 0.28 1.84 0.17 2.25 0.27 

 2001–2003....................................... 1.87 0.13 #1.02 0.22 1.91 0.19 2.02 0.21 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.02 0.15 #1.25 0.23 2.28 0.20 2.02 0.24 

 1999–2001....................................... 1.92 0.13 1.16 0.19 2.07 0.19 1.99 0.20 

 1998–2000....................................... 1.94 0.17 1.03 0.16 1.87 0.18 2.23 0.31 

 1997–1999....................................... 1.69 0.19 #1.22 0.39 1.62 0.21 1.86 0.29 

 1996–1998....................................... 1.75 0.19 #1.32 0.40 1.63 0.27 1.95 0.29 

 1995–1997....................................... 1.65 0.20 #2.41 0.82 #1.28 0.27 #1.71 0.31 

 1994–1996....................................... 1.37 0.19 #1.51 0.55 #0.72 0.18 1.77 0.29 

 1993–1995....................................... 1.18 0.17 #1.42 0.55 #0.55 0.11 1.49 0.26 

 1992–1994....................................... 1.02 0.14 #0.83 0.38 #0.70 0.13 #1.29 0.23 

 1991–1993....................................... 1.02 0.13 #0.84 0.42 #0.90 0.16 #1.15 0.22 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2005–2007....................................... #4.12 1.90 #1.10 0.59 #7.87 2.80 #1.86 0.41 

 2004–2006....................................... 2.19 0.34 #1.14 0.52 #2.77 0.63 #2.22 0.46 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.19 0.29 #3.20 1.05 #2.00 0.41 #2.14 0.43 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.15 0.29 #2.54 1.01 #2.39 0.44 #1.87 0.47 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.08 0.31 #2.42 0.98 #2.51 0.57 #1.62 0.42 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.40 0.37 #2.03 0.79 #2.69 0.59 #2.20 0.60 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.67 0.43 #2.43 0.79 #2.74 0.71 #2.70 0.69 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2005–2007....................................... 1.16 0.18 #1.00 0.21 #1.20 0.24 

 2004–2006....................................... 1.18 0.17 #1.25 0.41 #1.61 0.40 #1.07 0.20 

 2003–2005....................................... 1.65 0.27 #1.60 0.64 #1.32 0.43 #1.79 0.36 

 2002–2004....................................... #1.73 0.32 #1.86 0.80 #1.35 0.43 #1.87 0.44 

 2001–2003....................................... #1.74 0.32 #2.83 1.22 #1.13 0.32 #2.00 0.46 

 2000–2002....................................... #1.34 0.27 #0.85 0.54 #0.94 0.20 #1.55 0.39 

 1999–2001....................................... #1.18 0.21 #0.68 0.28 #0.97 0.25 #1.31 0.30 

 More than one race 

 2005–2007....................................... 2.98 0.37 #1.23 0.42 #2.66 0.50 #3.41 0.60 

 2004–2006....................................... 2.97 0.35 #0.85 0.26 #2.71 0.49 #3.50 0.62 

 2003–2005....................................... 2.75 0.36 #0.95 0.23 #2.52 0.52 #3.16 0.60 

 2002–2004....................................... 2.27 0.35 #

2.26 1.29 1.45 0.19 #2.67 0.54 
Table 6-4. NSDUH: Mean number of binge drinking days in the past 30 days, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, 

among current drinkers ages 12–20, United States, 1991–2007.1 — Continued 

73

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. Days S.E. 

 

Female 

 More than one race 

 2001–2003....................................... 2.08 0.35 #2.30 1.41 #1.32 0.30 #2.42 0.50 

 2000–2002....................................... 2.12 0.36 #2.27 1.28 #1.62 0.36 #2.38 0.54 

 1999–2001....................................... 2.01 0.30 #2.12 0.84 #1.57 0.36 #2.26 0.46 

– Fewer than 10 respondents in the cell. 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5%. 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Table 7. MTF: Prevalence of having been drunk or very high from drinking alcoholic beverages 

in the past 30 days, by grade and sex, United States, 1991–2007. 

74

Sex and Year Total* 8th grade1 10th grade1 12th grade2

Both sexes 

2007............................... 14.1 5.5 18.1 28.7 

2006............................... 14.8 6.2 18.8 30.0 

2005............................... 14.1 6.0 17.6 30.2 

2004............................... 14.9 6.2 18.5 32.5 

2003............................... 14.9 6.7 18.2 30.9 

2002............................... 14.7 6.7 18.3 30.3 

2001............................... 16.6 7.7 21.9 32.7 

2000............................... 17.4 8.3 23.5 32.3 

1999............................... 17.7 9.4 22.5 32.9 

1998............................... 16.6 8.4 21.1 32.9 

1997............................... 17.4 8.2 22.4 34.2 

1996............................... 17.2 9.6 21.3 31.3 

1995............................... 17.0 8.3 20.8 33.2 

1994............................... 16.6 8.7 20.3 30.8 

1993............................... 15.4 7.8 19.8 28.9 

1992............................... 14.6 7.5 18.1 29.9 

1991............................... 16.1 7.6 20.5 31.6 

Male 

2007............................... 14.5 5.3 18.9 31.7 

2006............................... 15.2 6.1 19.1 32.9 

2005............................... 14.6 5.9 18.2 33.6 

2004............................... 15.6 5.8 20.2 36.0 

2003............................... 15.5 6.6 18.8 34.9 

2002............................... 15.6 7.1 19.3 34.3 

2001............................... 18.0 7.8 24.2 37.0 

2000............................... 19.1 8.2 26.2 38.4 

1999............................... 19.8 10.2 25.4 37.9 

1998............................... 17.8 8.5 22.3 39.0 

1997............................... 19.0 8.4 24.6 39.2 

1996............................... 18.4 9.7 23.0 35.4 

1995............................... 18.0 8.2 21.9 37.8 

1994............................... 18.4 9.0 23.2 34.5 

1993............................... 16.9 7.8 21.4 34.5 

1992............................... 15.3 7.4 18.6 35.2 

1991............................... 17.9 8.4 22.3 37.1 

Female 

2007............................... 13.5 5.6 17.4 25.7 

2006............................... 14.1 6.2 18.4 26.3 

2005............................... 13.3 6.2 16.8 26.4 

2004............................... 14.0 6.6 17.0 29.0 

2003............................... 14.1 6.8 17.7 26.9 

2002............................... 13.8 6.3 17.4 26.9 

2001............................... 15.1 7.4 19.7 28.4 

2000............................... 15.6 8.1 20.9 26.7 

1999............................... 15.6 8.6 19.8 27.7 

1998............................... 15.3 8.2 19.9 26.6 

1997............................... 15.7 7.9 20.2 29.1 

1996............................... 16.0 9.5 19.8 27.3 

1995............................... 16.0 8.2 19.6 28.8 

1994............................... 14.8 8.3 17.2 26.8 

1993............................... 14.0 7.8 18.1 23.5 

1992............................... 13.8 7.6 17.5 24.5 

1991............................... 14.2 7.0 18.7 25.4 

1

 The question was asked of only about half the 8th and 10th grade sample for 1991–1996. It was asked of the full sample for 

1997–2007. 

2

 The question was asked of about one third of the 12th grade sample for 1991–2007. 

* Estimates for 8th–12th grades combined are calculated by AEDS using the MTF public-use data. 

NOTE: Standard errors are not available. 

SOURCE: Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2008). Monitoring the Future national survey 

results on drug use, 1975–2007: Volume I, Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 08-6418A). Bethesda, MD: National 

Institute on Drug Abuse. 
Table 8. NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in combination of illegal drugs 

 in the past 12 months, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1995–2007.1

75

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

All races 

2007................................................. 8.7 0.3 #0.4 0.1 6.1 0.4 18.9 0.8 

 2006................................................. 8.9 0.3 #0.4 0.1 6.0 0.3 20.0 0.6 

 2005................................................. 9.0 0.3 #0.5 0.1 6.4 0.4 19.7 0.6 

 2004................................................. 9.6 0.3 #0.6 0.1 7.9 0.3 20.5 0.7 

 2003................................................. 9.6 0.3 #0.5 0.1 7.3 0.3 20.8 0.6 

 2002................................................. 10.3 0.3 #0.4 0.1 8.2 0.4 22.2 0.6 

 2001................................................. 8.8 0.3 #0.4 0.1 6.3 0.3 19.5 0.6 

 2000................................................. 8.7 0.2 #0.5 0.1 6.3 0.3 18.9 0.6 

 1999................................................. 9.4 0.3 0.6 0.1 6.8 0.3 20.3 0.6 

 1998................................................. 8.6 0.7 #0.3 0.1 5.6 0.7 19.8 1.7 

 1997................................................. 7.6 0.6 #0.3 0.1 5.9 0.7 16.8 1.5 

 1996................................................. 7.4 0.6 #0.4 0.2 5.9 0.7 16.4 1.5 

 1995................................................. 7.2 0.5 #0.3 0.1 6.7 0.6 15.6 1.2 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007................................................. 10.9 0.4 #0.4 0.1 7.7 0.6 23.0 1.0 

 2006................................................. 11.1 0.4 #0.5 0.1 7.8 0.4 24.5 0.8 

 2005................................................. 11.1 0.4 #0.5 0.1 8.0 0.5 23.9 0.8 

 2004................................................. 11.4 0.4 #0.5 0.1 9.3 0.4 24.3 0.9 

 2003................................................. 11.6 0.4 #0.5 0.1 9.2 0.4 25.0 0.9 

 2002................................................. 12.7 0.3 #0.6 0.1 10.1 0.5 27.1 0.8 

 2001................................................. 10.5 0.3 #0.5 0.1 7.7 0.4 22.6 0.8 

 2000................................................. 10.1 0.3 #0.6 0.1 7.4 0.4 21.7 0.7 

 1999................................................. 11.2 0.3 #0.6 0.1 8.1 0.4 24.2 0.8 

 1998................................................. 10.5 1.0 #0.2 0.1 6.9 1.0 24.4 2.4 

 1997................................................. 9.3 0.8 #0.3 0.2 6.8 1.0 20.9 2.1 

 1996................................................. 9.0 0.9 #0.5 0.2 7.4 1.1 20.5 2.0 

 1995................................................. 8.8 0.6 #0.3 0.2 8.0 0.8 19.2 1.6 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007................................................. 3.6 0.4 #0.0 0.0 #1.9 0.6 9.0 1.1 

 2006................................................. 3.9 0.5 #0.4 0.1 #2.0 0.4 9.5 1.2 

 2005................................................. 4.2 0.5 #0.4 0.2 #2.3 0.6 10.4 1.2 

 2004................................................. 5.0 0.5 #0.4 0.2 3.8 0.6 11.4 1.3 

 2003................................................. 4.6 0.5 #0.4 0.2 #1.9 0.4 11.9 1.3 

 2002................................................. 4.2 0.4 #0.2 0.1 #3.2 0.6 9.8 1.1 

 2001................................................. 4.4 0.6 #0.1 0.1 #2.1 0.5 10.9 1.4 

 2000................................................. 4.5 0.5 #0.4 0.2 #2.1 0.4 11.0 1.3 

 1999................................................. 4.9 0.5 #0.3 0.2 #3.0 0.6 10.9 1.2 

 1998................................................. 3.1 0.5 #0.6 0.4 #2.6 0.8 #5.8 1.1 

 1997................................................. #2.2 0.6 #0.1 0.1 #1.8 0.6 #4.6 1.6 

 1996................................................. #3.6 0.7 #0.3 0.3 #1.5 0.6 #9.0 2.0 

 1995................................................. #2.9 0.6 #0.2 0.2 #2.8 0.7 #5.7 1.5 

 Hispanic 

 2007................................................. 6.4 0.6 #0.6 0.2 4.4 0.7 14.0 1.5 

 2006................................................. 6.4 0.5 #0.3 0.2 4.8 0.7 14.4 1.4 

 2005................................................. 7.1 0.6 #0.4 0.2 5.4 0.9 15.2 1.6 

 2004................................................. 8.6 0.9 #1.2 0.5 7.4 1.2 17.5 2.0 

 2003................................................. 6.9 0.6 #0.8 0.4 5.3 0.8 14.5 1.4 

 2002................................................. 7.0 0.6 #0.4 0.2 6.5 0.8 14.0 1.4 

 2001................................................. 7.0 0.7 #0.2 0.1 4.4 0.7 16.2 1.9 

 2000................................................. 7.5 0.6 #0.4 0.2 6.5 0.9 15.4 1.6 

 1999................................................. 6.3 0.6 #0.8 0.3 4.9 0.7 13.0 1.4 

 1998................................................. 5.4 0.6 #0.2 0.1 #3.4 0.7 12.8 1.6 

 1997................................................. 5.2 0.7 #0.7 0.3 #4.8 1.1 #10.0 2.0 

 1996................................................. 5.3 0.8 #0.4 0.2 4.9 0.8 #10.0 1.8 

 1995................................................. 4.5 0.7 #0.3 0.2 #4.8 1.2 #8.8 2.1 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007................................................. #9.9 4.4 0.0 0.0 #5.8 2.0 #26.7 13.2 

 2006................................................. #15.4 3.4 #0.5 0.4 #7.9 3.1 #31.1 8.0 

 2005................................................. #9.7 2.8 #0.9 0.7 #7.8 2.6 #20.3 7.4 

 2004................................................. #9.8 2.5 #0.2 0.2 #9.3 5.1 #23.5 5.7 

 2003................................................. 11.8 2.0 #3.0 2.7 #13.8 4.4 #19.3 4.4 

 2002................................................. #11.2 3.2 #1.8 1.0 #14.4 7.8 #16.9 5.3 

 2001................................................. #8.3 3.2 #0.8 0.8 #15.8 7.3 #7.6 3.4 

 2000................................................. #10.3 2.9 0.0 0.0 #9.7 2.9 #25.4 8.4 

 1999................................................. #16.1 3.3 #1.5 1.1 #20.8 5.4 #35.1 9.3 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

2007................................................. #

5.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 #3.4 1.4 #11.2 2.6 
Table 8. NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in combination of illegal drugs in 

the past 12 months, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1995–2007.1 — Continued 

76

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Both sexes 

 Asian, Native HI/ Other PI 

 2006................................................. #4.7 1.3 0.0 0.0 #0.8 0.5 #12.2 3.3 

 2005................................................. #2.9 0.6 0.0 0.0 #0.9 0.5 #8.0 1.9 

 2004................................................. #3.3 0.7 #0.1 0.1 #2.6 1.2 #6.5 1.6 

 2003................................................. #6.4 1.1 0.0 0.0 #3.0 1.2 #14.4 2.8 

 2002................................................. #7.0 1.2 #0.0 0.0 #2.2 1.0 #18.8 3.3 

 2001................................................. #4.7 1.0 #0.0 0.0 #3.5 1.5 #10.8 2.6 

 2000................................................. #3.4 0.7 0.0 0.0 #2.4 0.8 #7.9 1.7 

 1999................................................. #5.1 1.2 #0.3 0.3 #3.6 1.2 #11.3 3.5 

 More than one race 

 2007................................................. #7.6 1.4 #0.4 0.4 #5.5 1.8 #16.8 3.4 

 2006................................................. #10.1 1.8 0.0 0.0 #6.9 2.9 28.7 4.9 

 2005................................................. 8.2 1.3 #0.3 0.2 #10.2 3.2 #16.7 3.9 

 2004................................................. 9.8 1.5 #0.1 0.0 #8.4 2.2 #26.5 5.1 

 2003................................................. 9.3 1.5 #0.1 0.1 #10.3 2.8 #22.9 4.4 

 2002................................................. #9.3 1.9 0.0 0.0 #7.4 2.5 #24.9 5.9 

 2001................................................. #6.5 1.4 0.0 0.0 #5.7 2.1 #14.4 4.0 

 2000................................................. #6.2 1.5 0.0 0.0 #2.5 1.3 #19.7 5.1 

 1999................................................. #11.0 2.2 #1.0 1.0 #9.4 4.1 #23.0 5.2 

 

Male 

All races 

2007................................................. 9.9 0.4 #0.3 0.1 6.6 0.5 21.8 1.1 

 2006................................................. 9.6 0.4 #0.5 0.1 5.5 0.4 22.1 1.0 

 2005................................................. 10.0 0.3 #0.4 0.1 6.8 0.4 22.3 0.7 

 2004................................................. 10.9 0.5 #0.4 0.1 8.8 0.5 23.3 1.1 

 2003................................................. 10.7 0.4 #0.5 0.1 7.6 0.4 23.9 0.9 

 2002................................................. 11.4 0.4 #0.4 0.1 8.1 0.5 25.6 0.9 

 2001................................................. 10.2 0.4 #0.3 0.1 6.4 0.5 23.8 1.0 

 2000................................................. 9.9 0.3 #0.7 0.2 6.7 0.4 22.3 0.8 

 1999................................................. 10.8 0.4 #0.5 0.1 7.3 0.5 24.3 0.9 

 1998................................................. 10.7 0.9 #0.3 0.2 6.5 0.9 25.4 2.1 

 1997................................................. 9.6 0.8 #0.5 0.2 6.8 1.0 21.5 2.2 

 1996................................................. 9.8 0.9 #0.4 0.2 7.7 1.2 21.4 1.9 

 1995................................................. 8.5 0.7 #0.4 0.2 6.1 0.8 20.4 1.7 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007................................................. 12.2 0.6 #0.3 0.1 8.5 0.7 25.9 1.3 

 2006................................................. 11.9 0.6 #0.6 0.2 7.0 0.6 27.4 1.3 

 2005................................................. 11.8 0.5 #0.4 0.2 8.0 0.6 25.9 1.2 

 2004................................................. 12.5 0.6 #0.4 0.1 9.7 0.7 27.0 1.3 

 2003................................................. 12.5 0.5 #0.4 0.2 9.3 0.6 28.0 1.3 

 2002................................................. 13.8 0.5 #0.5 0.2 9.6 0.6 31.1 1.2 

 2001................................................. 11.8 0.5 #0.4 0.1 7.7 0.6 26.7 1.1 

 2000................................................. 11.0 0.4 #0.8 0.2 7.3 0.5 24.6 1.0 

 1999................................................. 12.4 0.5 #0.5 0.1 8.0 0.6 28.5 1.2 

 1998................................................. 12.8 1.2 #0.2 0.1 7.7 1.2 30.7 2.9 

 1997................................................. 11.6 1.2 #0.5 0.3 #7.8 1.4 26.5 2.9 

 1996................................................. 11.8 1.4 #0.4 0.3 #8.9 1.7 26.6 2.7 

 1995................................................. 9.8 0.9 #0.5 0.3 7.0 1.0 23.6 2.2 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007................................................. 3.8 0.6 #0.1 0.1 #1.2 0.5 10.7 1.6 

 2006................................................. 4.4 0.7 #0.6 0.3 #2.6 0.8 9.9 1.6 

 2005................................................. 5.8 0.8 #0.9 0.5 #3.7 1.1 13.4 1.6 

 2004................................................. 6.6 0.9 #0.6 0.4 #6.1 1.3 14.1 2.3 

 2003................................................. 5.6 0.7 #0.5 0.3 #2.0 0.6 14.2 1.9 

 2002................................................. 5.4 0.7 0.0 0.0 #4.0 1.0 12.7 1.8 

 2001................................................. 5.8 0.8 #0.1 0.1 #2.0 0.7 15.0 2.1 

 2000................................................. 5.9 0.8 #0.7 0.4 #3.1 0.8 14.6 2.2 

 1999................................................. 7.1 0.8 #0.4 0.3 #4.8 1.1 15.7 2.1 

 1998................................................. #4.2 0.8 #1.2 0.9 #2.8 1.1 #8.8 2.0 

 1997................................................. #3.1 1.0 #0.2 0.2 #1.7 0.5 #7.1 2.8 

 1996................................................. #5.9 1.3 #0.6 0.6 #2.8 1.1 #15.0 3.8 

 1995................................................. #4.4 1.2 #0.4 0.4 #3.9 1.1 #9.0 3.3 

 Hispanic 

 2007................................................. 7.9 0.9 #0.8 0.4 #5.0 1.2 17.6 2.3 

 2006................................................. 6.6 0.6 #0.1 0.1 #4.3 0.8 15.0 1.7 

 2005................................................. 9.1 1.0 #0.1 0.1 6.4 1.1 20.1 2.4 

 2004................................................. 10.2 1.1 #

0.5 0.3 #9.8 1.9 20.6 2.1 
Table 8. NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in combination of illegal drugs in 

the past 12 months, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1995–2007.1 — Continued 

77

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Male 

 Hispanic 

 2003................................................. 9.1 1.0 #0.6 0.4 #6.9 1.3 19.2 2.3 

 2002................................................. 8.5 0.9 #0.5 0.3 7.7 1.2 16.7 2.0 

 2001................................................. 9.1 1.1 #0.3 0.2 #4.6 1.1 21.4 2.9 

 2000................................................. 10.1 1.0 #0.4 0.2 #8.2 1.5 20.9 2.5 

 1999................................................. 7.9 0.8 #0.9 0.4 #6.2 1.2 16.1 2.1 

 1998................................................. 7.3 1.2 #0.1 0.1 #4.6 1.3 18.0 2.8 

 1997................................................. 5.2 0.8 #0.8 0.5 #4.5 1.3 #10.4 2.1 

 1996................................................. 6.7 1.1 #0.3 0.3 #8.0 1.5 #10.9 2.5 

 1995................................................. #6.2 1.2 #0.4 0.3 #5.1 1.6 #14.4 3.9 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007................................................. #14.4 7.9 0.0 0.0 #5.6 2.7 #38.0 18.8 

 2006................................................. #23.3 5.9 #1.2 0.9 #10.6 5.9 #42.1 11.9 

 2005................................................. #11.3 2.5 0.0 0.0 #12.3 4.5 #22.1 6.4 

 2004................................................. #7.3 2.8 0.0 0.0 #5.6 2.6 #22.7 9.4 

 2003................................................. #10.7 2.8 #5.5 4.7 #8.5 4.2 #21.4 7.1 

 2002................................................. #6.1 2.6 0.0 0.0 #0.2 0.2 #23.6 9.0 

 2001................................................. #9.8 5.4 0.0 0.0 #13.8 10.9 #16.5 6.9 

 2000................................................. #5.6 1.7 0.0 0.0 #8.5 3.9 #11.5 7.8 

 1999................................................. #21.1 5.1 #2.1 2.0 #24.7 10.2 #39.0 11.4 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2007................................................. #5.3 1.4 0.0 0.0 #4.4 2.1 #11.5 3.3 

 2006................................................. #5.4 1.7 0.0 0.0 #0.4 0.3 #15.4 4.6 

 2005................................................. #3.7 1.0 0.0 0.0 #1.3 0.8 #9.8 3.1 

 2004................................................. #4.7 1.0 0.0 0.0 #2.0 1.4 #11.2 3.4 

 2003................................................. #7.5 1.7 0.0 0.0 #2.7 1.6 #17.9 4.1 

 2002................................................. #7.4 1.7 0.0 0.0 #1.6 1.3 #21.7 5.1 

 2001................................................. #5.2 1.5 0.0 0.0 #5.0 2.7 #11.9 3.8 

 2000................................................. #5.5 1.2 0.0 0.0 #3.9 1.6 #13.0 3.0 

 1999................................................. #4.2 1.7 0.0 0.0 #2.5 1.6 #10.5 5.1 

 More than one race 

 2007................................................. #8.4 2.1 #0.9 0.9 #5.4 2.5 #20.0 5.6 

 2006................................................. #11.3 3.2 0.0 0.0 #3.5 1.5 #37.4 10.2 

 2005................................................. #6.4 1.6 0.0 0.0 #7.6 3.7 #15.2 4.4 

 2004................................................. #9.4 2.4 #0.1 0.1 #8.3 3.5 #26.2 8.2 

 2003................................................. #9.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 #10.7 3.8 #22.6 5.8 

 2002................................................. #9.8 2.9 0.0 0.0 #7.4 3.8 #26.0 9.2 

 2001................................................. #7.5 2.2 0.0 0.0 #4.3 2.5 #24.3 7.8 

 2000................................................. #9.5 2.8 0.0 0.0 #2.1 1.9 #26.0 7.8 

 1999................................................. #15.6 3.8 #2.0 2.1 #13.3 7.2 #30.1 8.2 

 

Female 

All races 

2007................................................. 7.5 0.4 #0.4 0.1 5.5 0.5 15.9 0.9 

 2006................................................. 8.2 0.4 #0.3 0.1 6.5 0.4 17.7 0.9 

 2005................................................. 8.0 0.4 #0.6 0.1 6.1 0.5 17.0 1.0 

 2004................................................. 8.3 0.4 #0.7 0.2 7.0 0.4 17.5 0.9 

 2003................................................. 8.4 0.3 #0.6 0.1 7.0 0.5 17.5 0.8 

 2002................................................. 9.1 0.3 #0.5 0.1 8.3 0.5 18.6 0.8 

 2001................................................. 7.4 0.3 #0.5 0.1 6.2 0.4 15.1 0.8 

 2000................................................. 7.3 0.3 #0.3 0.1 5.9 0.4 15.3 0.7 

 1999................................................. 8.0 0.3 #0.6 0.1 6.4 0.4 16.3 0.7 

 1998................................................. 6.5 0.9 #0.2 0.1 4.8 0.8 14.1 2.2 

 1997................................................. 5.5 0.6 #0.1 0.1 5.0 0.7 11.5 1.8 

 1996................................................. 4.9 0.6 #0.5 0.2 #4.1 0.9 10.6 1.5 

 1995................................................. 5.9 0.6 #0.1 0.1 7.3 0.8 10.8 1.4 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 2007................................................. 9.5 0.6 #0.6 0.2 7.0 0.8 19.9 1.3 

 2006................................................. 10.3 0.5 #0.3 0.2 8.6 0.7 21.4 1.3 

 2005................................................. 10.5 0.5 #0.7 0.2 8.0 0.7 21.9 1.1 

 2004................................................. 10.3 0.5 #0.6 0.2 8.9 0.6 21.5 1.3 

 2003................................................. 10.6 0.4 #0.6 0.2 9.1 0.7 21.9 1.0 

 2002................................................. 11.5 0.4 #0.6 0.2 10.6 0.7 23.0 1.0 

 2001................................................. 9.1 0.4 #0.7 0.2 7.6 0.6 18.5 1.1 

 2000................................................. 9.1 0.4 #0.4 0.1 7.6 0.6 18.8 1.0 

 1999................................................. 10.0 0.4 #0.7 0.2 8.2 0.6 20.1 1.0 

 1998................................................. 8.1 1.3 #0.3 0.2 #6.0 1.2 #17.9 3.3 

 1997................................................. 6.7 0.9 #

0.0 0.0 #5.7 1.0 14.7 2.5 
Table 8. NSDUH: Prevalence of driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or in combination of illegal drugs in 

the past 12 months, by age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin, among 12–20 year olds, United States, 1995–2007.1 — Continued 

78

Age 

12–20 12–14 16–17 18–20 

Sex, 

Race/Hispanic Origin, 

and Year 

Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. Percent S.E. 

 

Female 

 Non-Hispanic White 

 1996................................................. 6.0 0.9 #0.6 0.3 #5.7 1.4 13.1 2.2 

 1995................................................. 7.7 0.8 #0.1 0.1 9.0 1.1 14.7 2.0 

 Non-Hispanic Black 

 2007................................................. 3.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 #2.6 1.0 #7.2 1.3 

 2006................................................. #3.3 0.7 #0.1 0.1 #1.3 0.5 #9.0 1.8 

 2005................................................. 2.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 #0.9 0.3 #7.3 1.3 

 2004................................................. 3.3 0.4 #0.2 0.2 #1.5 0.5 8.6 1.3 

 2003................................................. 3.7 0.6 #0.3 0.2 #1.8 0.5 9.6 1.6 

 2002................................................. 3.0 0.5 #0.3 0.2 #2.3 0.7 #6.9 1.4 

 2001................................................. #2.9 0.8 #0.1 0.1 #2.2 0.7 #6.6 2.0 

 2000................................................. 3.1 0.5 #0.1 0.1 #1.2 0.4 #7.7 1.4 

 1999................................................. #2.7 0.5 #0.2 0.2 #1.1 0.4 #6.3 1.3 

 1998................................................. #1.9 0.5 0.0 0.0 #2.5 1.2 #3.1 0.8 

 1997................................................. #1.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 #1.9 0.9 #2.0 1.0 

 1996................................................. #1.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 #0.3 0.3 #3.9 1.4 

 1995................................................. #1.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 #1.7 0.7 #2.6 1.1 

 Hispanic 

 2007................................................. 4.7 0.7 #0.4 0.2 #3.8 0.8 10.1 1.6 

 2006................................................. 6.2 0.8 #0.5 0.3 #5.3 1.2 13.8 2.0 

 2005................................................. 4.9 0.8 #0.8 0.4 #4.3 1.2 #9.7 2.0 

 2004................................................. 6.9 1.1 #2.0 0.9 #5.1 1.2 #14.0 2.9 

 2003................................................. 4.6 0.6 #1.0 0.6 #3.7 0.9 9.0 1.5 

 2002................................................. 5.3 0.6 #0.4 0.2 #5.3 1.0 10.6 1.7 

 2001................................................. 4.7 0.7 #0.2 0.2 #4.2 1.0 #10.0 1.8 

 2000................................................. 4.8 0.7 #0.3 0.2 #4.9 1.0 #9.2 1.7 

 1999................................................. 4.8 0.7 #0.6 0.4 #3.5 0.8 9.8 1.7 

 1998................................................. #3.4 0.7 #0.3 0.2 #2.2 0.8 #7.6 1.9 

 1997................................................. #5.1 1.3 #0.6 0.5 #5.1 1.7 #9.5 3.7 

 1996................................................. #3.7 0.9 #0.4 0.4 #1.7 0.8 #8.9 2.6 

 1995................................................. #2.9 0.8 #0.3 0.3 #4.5 2.0 #4.0 1.7 

 Native American/Alaska Native 

 2007................................................. #5.5 2.6 0.0 0.0 #6.0 3.2 #11.5 7.7 

 2006................................................. #8.5 2.6 0.0 0.0 #5.9 2.7 #18.4 7.3 

 2005................................................. #8.3 4.8 #1.7 1.3 #2.6 1.6 #18.8 12.1 

 2004................................................. #12.7 4.4 #0.4 0.5 #13.6 10.1 #24.2 7.7 

 2003................................................. #12.7 2.7 0.0 0.0 #18.1 6.0 #17.9 5.6 

 2002................................................. #17.1 5.3 #4.6 2.4 #34.5 15.3 #12.1 6.1 

 2001................................................. #7.0 3.4 #1.3 1.3 #18.4 9.1 #2.6 1.9 

 2000................................................. #16.3 5.6 0.0 0.0 #11.1 7.0 #38.1 12.4 

 1999................................................. #10.5 4.5 #1.1 1.1 #15.5 7.1 #28.2 16.7 

 Asian, Native HI/Other PI 

 2007................................................. #4.6 1.8 0.0 0.0 #2.4 1.8 #10.9 4.7 

 2006................................................. #4.0 1.8 0.0 0.0 #1.2 0.9 #9.2 4.4 

 2005................................................. #2.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 #0.4 0.4 #6.1 2.3 

 2004................................................. #2.0 0.8 #0.1 0.1 #3.2 2.2 #2.6 1.5 

 2003................................................. #5.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 #3.4 1.7 #10.6 3.3 

 2002................................................. #6.6 1.6 #0.1 0.1 #2.7 1.5 #16.3 3.9 

 2001................................................. #4.3 1.3 #0.0 0.0 #1.8 1.1 #9.9 3.5 

 2000................................................. #1.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 #0.8 0.5 #3.0 1.6 

 1999................................................. #5.9 1.7 #0.6 0.6 #5.0 2.0 #12.0 4.3 

 More than one race 

 2007................................................. #7.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 #5.6 2.5 #14.5 4.6 

 2006................................................. #9.3 2.1 0.0 0.0 #9.9 5.1 #21.8 4.0 

 2005................................................. #9.9 2.1 #0.6 0.5 #12.7 5.2 #17.8 5.2 

 2004................................................. #10.2 2.1 0.0 0.0 #8.4 2.4 #26.8 6.1 

 2003................................................. #9.5 2.4 #0.2 0.2 #9.9 4.2 #23.2 6.4 

 2002................................................. #8.9 2.6 0.0 0.0 #7.4 3.6 #23.9 7.5 

 2001................................................. #5.7 1.9 0.0 0.0 #7.1 3.5 #9.3 4.1 

 2000................................................. #3.3 1.4 0.0 0.0 #2.8 1.7 #10.8 5.5 

 1999................................................. #

5.8 1.8 0.0 0.0 #5.0 2.3 #13.8 5.2 

# Estimates are unreliable due to relative standard errors > 17.5% 

1 Due to survey design modifications, comparisons of results from before 1999 to 1999–2001 and 2002–2007 need to be made with caution.
Appendix A. Differences Among Survey Data Sources

79

ITEM NHSDA/NSDUH MTF YRBS 

Sample Characteristics 

Survey population Civilian, noninstitutionalized population ages 12 and 

older, including residents of households and noninstitutional group quarters, and civilians living on military installations 

8th, 10th, 12th graders enrolled in school 9th through 

Sample size (2007) 67,870 youth and adults 

24,969 12-20 year olds included in the public use file 

12th grade: 15,132/132 schools 10th grade: 16,398/120 schools 8th grade: 16,495/151 schools 

14,103/157 

Sampling procedure Independent, multistage area probability sample for 

each State and DC: 

1. Area segments/field interviewer regions (PPS) 2. Addresses/area segments 3. Persons/addresses 

Multistage area probability sampling: 

1. Geographic areas 2. Schools/area (PPS) 3. Classes/school 

3-stage clus

1. P2. S3. C

Year survey initiated 1971 1975 1991 Latest year available within report range 

2007 2007 2007 

Frequency of administration Annual (from 1991) Annual (from 1991 for all 3 grades) Every 2 yeaLocation of administration Home School School 

Alcohol Items

Prevalence of Use Past 30 days During the past 30 days, on how many days did you 

drink one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? 

On how many occasions (if any) have you had alcoholic beverages to drink—more than just a few sips—during the last 30 days? 

During the pdid you hav

Response: Open-ended (i.e., number of days) 1. 0 

2. 1–2 3. 3–5 4. 6–9 5. 10–19 6. 20–39 7. 40+ 

1. 0 2. 1 or 2 3. 3 to 5 4. 6 to 9 5. 10 to 6. 20 to 7. All 30 

Drinking Patterns Age at first consumption How old were you the first time you had a drink of an alcoholic beverage?* When (if ever) did you first...try an alcoholic beverage—more than just a few sips? (noncore dataset) How old we

drink of alco

Response: Open-ended (i.e., age in years) 1. Grade 4 or less (8th,10th graders) 

2. Grade 5 (8th,10th graders) 

3. Grade 6 4. Grade 7 5. Grade 8 6. Grade 9 7. Grade 10 8. Grade 11 (12th graders only) 

9. Grade 12 (12th graders only) 10. Never 

1. Neve2. 8 or y3. 9–10 4. 11–12 5. 13–14 6. 15–17. 17+ 
Appendix A. Differences Among Survey Data Sources

80

ITEM NHSDA/NSDUH MTF YRBS  Frequency During the past 30 days, on how many days did you 

drink one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? 

On how many occasions (if any) have you had alcoholic beverages to drink—more than just a few sips—during the last 30 days? 

During the pdid you hav

Response: Open-ended (i.e., number of days) 1. 0 

2. 1–2 3. 3–5 4. 6–9 5. 10–19 6. 20–39 7. 40+ 

1. 0 2. 1 or 2 3. 3 to 5 4. 6 to 9 5. 10 to 16. 20 to 27. All 30 

 Quantity On the [#] days that you drank during the past 30 days, 

how many drinks did you usually have each day? Count as a drink a can or bottle of beer; a wine cooler or a glass of wine, champagne, or sherry; a shot of liquor or a mixed drink or cocktail. 

Response: Open-ended (i.e., number of drinks) 

 Volume [Computation of frequency X quantity]  Binge Drinking During the past 30 days, that is, since ___, on how 

many days did you have 5 or more drinks on the same occasion? By “occasion,” we mean at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other. 

Think back over the last two weeks. How many times have you had five or more drinks in a row? 

During the pdid you havrow, that is, 

Response: Open-ended (i.e., number of days recorded) 1. None 

2. Once 3. Twice 4. 3–5 times 5. 6–9 times 6. 10+ times 

1. 0 day2. 1 day 3. 2 day4. 3 to 5 5. 6 to 9 6. 10 to 7. 20 or 

 Drunkenness On how many occasions (if any) have you 

been drunk or very high from drinking alcoholic beverages during the last 30 days? 

Response: 1. 0 occasions 

2. 1–2 occasions 3. 3–5 occasions 4. 6–9 occasions 5. 10–19 occasions 6. 20–39 occasions 7. 40 or more occasions 

Alcohol-Related Attitudes Attitude toward others drinking How do you feel about someone your age having one or 

two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day? 

Do you disapprove of people...taking one or two drinks nearly every day? 

Response: 1. Neither approve nor disapprove 

2. Somewhat disapprove 3. Strongly disapprove 

1. Don’t disapprove 2. Disapprove 3. Strongly disapprove 
Appendix A. Differences Among Survey Data Sources

81

ITEM NHSDA/NSDUH MTF YRBS 

Do you disapprove of people...having five or more drinks once or twice each weekend? 

Response: 1. Don’t disapprove 

2. Disapprove 3. Strongly disapprove 

 Perception of risk of drinking How much do you think people risk harming 

themselves (physically or in other ways), if they take one or two drinks nearly every day? 

Response: 1. No risk 

2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk 5. Can’t say, drug unfamiliar 

How much do people risk harming themselves physically and in other ways when they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage once or twice a week? 

How much do you think people risk harming themselves (physically or in other ways), if they have five or more drinks once or twice each weekend? 

1. No risk 2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk 

1. No risk 2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk 5. Can’t say, drug unfamiliar 

Alcohol-Related Risk Behaviors Drinking and driving During the past 12 months, have you driven a vehicle 

while you were under the influence of alcohol/alcohol only? 

How many of these tickets or warnings [in the past 12 months] occurred after you were drinking alcoholic beverages? [12th graders] 

During the pyou drive a had been d

Response: 1. Yes 

2. No 3. Never used 

1. None 2. One 3. Two 4. 3–4 or more 

1. 0 time2. 1 time 3. 2 or 3 4. 4 or 5 5. 6 or m

How many of these accidents [in the past 12 months] occurred after you were drinking alcoholic beverages? [12th graders] 

 Response: 1. None 

2. One 3. Two 4. 3–4 or more 

During the pyou ride in a someone w

Response: 1. 0 time

2. 1 time 3. 2 or 3 4. 4 or 5 5. 6 or m
Appendix A. Differences Among Survey Data Sources

82

ITEM NHSDA/NSDUH MTF YRBS  Drinking and sexual activity Did you drin

you had sex

Response: 1. Never ha

2. Yes 3. No 

 Drinking on school property During the p

did you havschool prop

Response: 1. 0 

2. 1 or 2 3. 3 to 5 4. 6 to 9 5. 10 to 16. 20 to 27. All 30 

 Drinking and dangerous 

activities 

During the past 12 months, did you regularly drink alcohol and then do something where being drunk might have put you in physical danger? 

Response: 1. Yes 

2. No 3. Never used 

 Drinking and getting into 

trouble 

During the past 12 months, did drinking alcohol cause you to do things that repeatedly got you in trouble with the law? 

Response: 1. Yes 

2. No 3. Never used 

 Drinking and problems with 

family/friends 

During the past 12 months, did you have any problems with family or friends that were probably caused by your drinking? 

Response: 1. Yes 

2. No 3. Never used 

*Asks respondents not to include times when only had a sip or two of alcohol. NOTE: Shaded areas represent categories for which the survey does not have a comparable question.