cso:

It is significant that the military briefing was made one day
after the proclamation by South Africa of the so-called interim
government in Namibia. It reflected the fundamental tension be-
tween reality and illusion within the South African ruling circles.
The illusion was, for instance, defined by the pomp and pageantary
which surrounded the establishment of the Puppet show in Wind-
hoek on June 17, On the other hand, reality ‘ound its expression
in the fact that the price in blood and treasure was increasingly
exceeding Pretoria’s capacity to pay.

After 19 years of futile efforts to stem the tide of the armed
liberation struggle in Namibia, the South African army of occupation
in Namibia has, contrary to Meiring’s claim, lost hope of ever being
able to win that war. It is quite evident that the stress and strain, and
morale vulnerability of the South African Army are being ex, osed
in Namibia. For example, as a result of frustrating long spells o time
being spent in the bushes of Namibia, a good number of young white
South Africans are now languishing in jails for their refusal to serve
in Namibia, in a war which every sane person knows South Africa
cannot win. Furthermore, George Meiring’s admission that some
40,000 South African soldiers are deployed in the northern sector
of the war zone in Namibia is but an interesting sign that the South
African Army is being deployed on an overstretched military line,
when one takes into account the fact that a good proportion of that
army is now being deployed to deal with popular uprisings within
the apartheid republic.We will do our best to continue to worsen this
crisis for South Africa.

It is relevant also to state here that the “success” perception
of the South African Army is different from ours. When, for in-
stance, Meiring talks of the possibility for the apartheid state to end
the war in Namibia within the next two years, he is indulging in
fantasy and thus perceiving victory from some kind of conventional
warfare perspective, something which is certainly not available to
the South African Army in Namibia.

We are prepared, as Meiring and others are bound to realize,
for a long drawn-out struggle. For SWAPO, the struggle will go on
as long as South Africa refuses to accept the demand of the Nami-
bian people to determine their own destiny through free, fair and
democratic elections under the supervision and control of the United
Nations. The Namibian people want genuine independence and are

repared to fight and, if necessary, die for it. SWAPO is not only

ere to stay, but will also continue to organise, mobilise and, indeed,
lead the Namibian people in their just and heroic struggle in order to
ensure that sooner than later, the price in blood and treasure for
South Africa’s occupation of our country will exceed not only the
benefit to Pretoria, but also Pretoria’s willingness and ability to
continue to pay. This is, for us, the main strategic objective, and we
will do everything in our power to realise it.

THE STRUGGLE CONTINUES, VICTORY IS CERTAIN!

3400/921

54


JPRS*SSA°85*081
3 September 1985

Bishop Tutu is respected and admired for "standing up to the Government on our
behalf and for not being just another pulpit preacher."

They see his leadership role as an "interim measure until Nelson Mandela gets
out of prison."

They see Dr Motiana as a role model with exceptional ability to articulate the
black community's problems, aspirations and yearnings. He is admired for having
stood up to the Government and the Bophuthatswana citizenship it imposed on him.

Sowetan Editor Discusses Government Negotiations
MB100914 Johannesburg International Service in English 0645 GMT 10 Aug 85

[Interview with Joe Latakgomo, editor of the Johannesburg's SOWETAN newspaper,
by Jannie Botes on the "Africa Review" program presented by Henry Vaughan]

[Text] Mr Joe Latakgomo is the editor of the Johannesburg black newspaper,
the SOWETAN. We spoke to him about the current political situation in South
Africa.

[Botes] Mr Latakgomo, we have now in South Africa more reform than ever before
in our political history. Why, now, so much violence and unrest?

[Latakgomo] I think one has to look at it in perspective. What is being per-
ceived as reform in this country by a white is not necessarily seen as being
reform by blacks, and even in the typical reform situation, one historically
does find that in times of reform, or in times of any change, that there is an
accompaniment of violence of sorts. In our situation, it is just a matter of
what black people perceive as being reform, and what whites see as being reform.

[Botes] The government's willingness to negotiate, under its reform process,
is that not seen as honest by biack people?

[Latakgomo] I think for a. long time blacks believed they had been misled by
government. They have lost trust in government. Indeed, people believe that
we are not even communicating, and therefore it is even difficult to start
talking about negotiating. This is the probeim that I believe we all face here:
establishing that kind of mutual trust in each other to be able to even begin
to understand each other's problems.

{Botes] The government says only one thing in terms of negotiating: renounce
violence. Is that too much to ask?

[Latakgomo] I do not believe it is too much to ask. The important consideration
here is the context in which that particular statement was made. If I am

being asked to renounce violence without knowing what I am actually going in for,
certainly it would be very difficult, and this is the position in which a

lot of people have found themselves. I think there is still a willingness to
negotiate, but as I said earlier, there has got to be communication before
negotiation.

118


export volume declined by about 1% in 1984, although it was still better than
the drop of 4% for 1983, The volume of imports increased by 15.2%, mainly due
to relatively liberalised import policies and special food imports. The gap
between export earnings and the dmport bill created by the decrease in export
volume and the increase in import volume was narrowed by a 17% improvement in
Kenya's terms of trade,

The deficit on the external merchandise account increased from KL313 million
in 1983 to Kb371 million in 1984, The invisible balance of the balance of
payments' current account recorded an increase of 8,2%, which helped to re-
duce the deficit on the current account, The overall balance of payments’
surplus went down from Ki68 million in 1983 to Ki39 million in 1984, Although
the price of crude oil remained fairly stable, the oil-import bill increased
due to the appreciation of the US dollar against the Kenya shilling and the
4,5% increase in quantity of crude oil imported,

A worrisome statistic is the debt-service ratio, defined as external debt
service charges as a percentage of exports of goods and services, The debt-
service ratio has risen from 5,6% in 1980 to 9.1% in 1981, 12.7% in 1982,
13,4Z in 1983 and 19.4% in 1984, That the value of imports currently exceeds
that of exports means that the country has to maintain a high level of inflow
of foreign investment and to negotiate for more external loans to offset debt~
servicing requirements and repatriation of profits and dividends,

Food and beverages accounted for 10,7% of total imports in 1984, compared
with 4,3% in 1980; the increase was due to the importation of maize and wheat.
Wheat imports increased from 81,9 thousand tonnes in 1983 to 140,3 thousand
tonnes in 1984, What is of partioular significance is that food and beverage
exports were worth Ki467,06 million compared with food and beverage imports
worth Kb117,13 million, In other words, Kenya is a net exporter of food,
This raises the question of why this paradoxical situation occurs,

According to Professor Henry Rempel in a scholarly analysis titled The Food
Situation in the Horn of Africa (Institute of Development Studies, University
of Nairobi, 1985), food production in Renya dropped by 4,3% between the years
1977-79 and 1980-82, At the same time, the proportion of arable land devoted
to the proportion of arable land devoted to major export crops has increased
from 13% in the years 1960-65 to 18% in 1982, The proportion of Kenya's
arable land devoted to cereal crops has dropped from 90% in the years 1960-65
to 70% in 1982, These statistics raise policy questions about land-use paté
terns that need to be addressed,

A striking feature of Economic Survey 1985 is that it has revised figures
published in previous editions of Economic Survey. For example, the growth
of GDP at constant prices was given as 3,4% for the 1981/82 fiscal year in
Economic Survey 1984, while Economic Survey 1985 gives a figure of 1.8%,
The real GDP growth rate for fiscal year 1982/83 was 3.9% according to the
1984, survey while the 1985 survey gives a revised figure of 3.5%, This is
attributable to the fact that statistics for 1983 were "provisional" in the
1984 survey while the 1985 survey gives "actual" statistics for 1983, How-
ever, when figures for past years were revised in new editions of Economic

20


MINERALS MARKETING CORPORATION MINERALS SALES

Harare THE HERALD in English 1 Aug 85 p 1

{Text ]

cso:

JPRS*SSA°85°081
3 September 1985

ZIMBABWE

‘THE Minerals Marketing Corporation of Zimbabwe sold minerals
worth $540 million in its second full year of trading which ended

on June 30, an im-'
crease of 17,8 per-
cent over the previous

year,

' ‘he corporation . would
show a it of more
than $2° million, said
chairman Cde  Christo-i
pher Ushewokunze, an-.
nouncing ‘the corpora-
tion's preliminary results
at a news conference in
Harare yesterday.

The Increased sales
were attributable to the
atrength of the United
tates doller,, improved
prices for a range of
minerals’ and an increase

than iron and steel dur-
ing 1984/85 were 29,3
percent higher than in-
the previous year.

Sales of steel during
the year were unusually
depressed because of low
production at Zisco wher«
‘the No, 4 furnace was i
being rebuilt. .

“Sales on own account,
covering minor minerals
and some gemstones, also

increased considerably |
teaching «a level of
$726 with only |

$460 303 in the previous

‘year.”
‘There was strong’
evidence in such major
developed countries as
the , Japan and Bri-
tain that the use of as-
bestog'in a properly con-
trolled environment
presented no significant.
danger to its users or to
the public, and was of
economical value, he said.

3400/909

vata gives “feagson ti”
hi sent market’
for asbestos swill be-main-~
tained.”

Markets for nicitel and

: tin remained generally

satisfactory, while the
world oversupply of cop-
per continued to de
prices below levels re-
munerative even bo am.
lent producers like -
babwe,

The iron and steel
market was also over-
supplied, but the MMCZ
continued to sell the en-
tire exportable ro~

duction of Zisco, ich
remained committed for
months ahead. :

Durt the year. the
corporation made its first
direct sales of steel to.
China, Asbestos had bezh.
sold to India.. Coal sales
‘had been made. to Tan-
zania and trade was
being developed with the
PTA and BADCC.

The corporation was
seeking potential markets

. for new minerals, among

them kyanite and ver-
miculfte,
Cde -Ushewokunze sald

‘ there were signs of a

weakening in interna-
tional eccmomic growth
resulting in weaker de-
mand and prices of some
of the corporation’s pro-
ducts.

END
149

‘The Government ts
undertaking a feasibility
atudy into the possibility
of establishing a gold
refining plant and the
results should be Iknown
by the of the year.



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

TANZANIA

BRIEFS

CLIENTS OWE TPTC 70 MILLION-~The Tanzania Posts and Telecommunications Corpora-
tion (TPTC) is owed 70m/- by clients in outstanding telephone bills throughout
the country. The corporation has urged those with outstanding bills to settle
them immediately or face disconnection. TPTC Principal Accountant (Telephone) ,
Ndugu C.E, Mathayo, told the DAILY NEWS in Dar es Salaam yesterday that half

of the outstanding telephone bills were by clients in Dar es Salaam where more
than 50 percent of the country's telephones are located. [Excerpt] [Dar es Salaam
DAILY NEWS in English 22 Jul 85 p 3]

NATIONAL ECONOMIC SABOTAGE TRIBUNAL--The. Board of Internal Trade (BIT) is looking
for a new job for the former manager of the Tabora Regional Trading Company (RTC)
the National Assembly was told yesterday. The former manager, whose name was
not given, was acquitted by the National Economic Sabotage Tribunal for lack of
evidence to link him with the sabotage. The Deputy Minister for Industries and
Trade, Ndugu Evarist Mwanansao, said: "BIT, the holding corporation, is looking
for another post (for the manager) at present so that he continues with his
services," he said. He was replying to Ndugu P.I. Misigalo (Tabora Urban) who
wanted to know the number of RTC workers suspected of economic sabotage and
brought before the Tribunal, "How many of them were returned to work and how
many were sacked. What is the problem facing the reinstatement of the former
RIC General Manager Tabora," he asked. Ndugu Mwanansao said there were 80
economic sabotage suspects in from RTCs. Eleven of them were sacked and the
remaining ones were reinstated. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English

20 Jul 85 p 3]

cso: 3400/880

144


NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
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"What happened was that there was some amount of time lag and within that
period the dollar was rising and so we finally came to the decision that we
had no choice but to peg it at Le6.

"Devaluation is really not the answer; what we really need to do is to re-
orientate the policies of our production so as to improve the productive
capacity of the country, reduce the purchase of rice and utilise that
foreign exchange to bring in other essential commodities, Mr Amara-Bangali
added.

When asked what effect the devaluation has made the economy, the new finance
minister said in that in the present economic setting, three months is not a
realistic period to make any "realistic comment."

On the question of resurrection the National Trading Company, the new finance
minister said that government was seriously thinking of it, but "we have to
study the weaknesses in the NIC and see how best we could solve them, otherwise
we would just compound the situation.

Mr Amara-Bangali in answering another question on price control said that
the price control functions fall within the province of the Ministry of Trade
and Industry.

“Whatever assistance the Ministry of Finance would give should be in collabora-
tion with the Ministry of Trade and Industry.

"But I want to say here that there are pre-requisites for positive control of
price in any society as you require these vital factor for control.

"Firstly, we have to get the production of the goods and efficient distribution
of the goods."

cso: 3400/906

114


RUMORS OF WHITE MERGER GAIN GROUND

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 30 Jul 85 p 1

[Text]

cso:

HINTS AT A reconciliation between
‘the National Party of SWA and the
Republican Party made by NP leader,
Mr Kosie Pretorius this morning, have
lent substance to rumours of an
impending white alliance.

Speaking at the opening
of this year’s
in Windhoek, Mr Pretorius
told delegates that develop-
ments in the*futuré Con-
stitutional Council and the
National Assembly could
make another white elec-
tion unnecessary.

The NP was ready for
.an election but the. situa-
tion might change in the
National Assembly and if
the NP did not. want to
hurt feelings it might be
better not to have elections,
Mr Pretorius said.

First rumours concern-
ing an impending white al-
liance within a larger multi-
racial political entity were
triggered by Minister of
Agriculture and NP
Member of the National
Assembly, Mr Eben van
Zijl, in a speach made in
Summerdown last week.

According to
| Windhoek Daily, Mr Van
Zijl said the time was ripe
for the RP and NP-SWA
to look anew at each other,
to talk and to listen to each
other.

3400/920

Admitting that he was
‘kicking at. the ‘Golden
Calves’ of politics, Mr Van
Zijl said that ‘from an‘ or-
dinary white man’s point of
view, the political. conflict
amongst whites could not
be to anybody’s advantage.

Mr Van Zijl said he was
convinced that 90% of the
political differences
between whites could. be
resolved by negotiation.

“I must warn whites that
time is more than ripe to
look at.these matters,” Mr
Van Zijl was reported as
saying. “I do not only
think the time is ripe, but
also attitudes are as
positive towards such a
step as never before.”

Emphasising that he was

opposed to the formation
‘of a white front against
other races, Mr Van Zijl
said this would offer no ad-
vantage to whites.

During debate in the
National Assembly this
week, Minister of Finance
and RP leader, Mr Dirk
Mudge, gave an indication
of the conditions attached

63

081
gpRseSSAe85~08
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

to a possible alliance or
‘ merger between his party
arid the NP.

He was prepared to offer
the hand of friendship to
any party, but (if you mar-
ry the RP you get the
whole family), he said
referring to the RP’s sister
‘parties in the Democratic
Turnhalle Alliance:



JPRS#SSA°85*081
3 September 1985

ZIMBABWE

GOVERNMENT TO LAUNCH PROGRAM TO DEAL WITH SQUATTERS

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 85 p 1

{Text ]

THE Government {a to
launch a vigorous pro-
gramme. to deal with
squatters who hove been
a hindrance to its re-.
settlement. imme,
the Minister of Lands,
Agriculture and Rural
Settlement, | ode Moven
fahach!, sad yesterday. |
Speaking at the end of
the two-day Commerical
Farmers’ Unton annual
congress in Harare, he
said provincial councils |
shad been usked to set up
epeciat _ sub-committees:
era neoewanr act UD. |
end, ery, setup.
district s atten’ 4
contact units.
‘He hoped thot all yoo.
kets of squatters would |
be cleared up this year
as the “honeymcon. it ,

er accept! people trying ¢o
twist ‘tho arm of the §
Government”.

"The squatter problem’!
had slowed down the re- ;
settlement programme
which was aimed at re-
dressing! past imbalances
In. land distribution in an
orderly manner,

in ‘another effort to
8 up this programme

e proposed new Land |
Acquisition. Bill had been |
drafted -to replace tho
1979 Land Acquisition Bilt
presently covering the
purchase of land by the
Government, “This was
aimed at backing up the |
resettlement programme
with the necessary legis-
lation and to set up & AyS* ;
tem which would allow |
for a thorough examina-
ton of all available arable
jand in the country.

cs0: 3400/909'

" A Bpécial “nnd settlo-
ment committee would he
established and when it
believed that land “was
being under-used, or the

owners were holding it for
speculative purposes and
{t was suitable for agri-
cultural resettlement use,
{t would recommend that
the land should be desig-

wated for a specific Gov- '

ernment programme.

‘The Bill would give the
Government the rer to
exproprinte land identi-

‘fied as suitable by the
comm

ittee, and the min-
istry was considoring
whether there should be
aright of appeal — issues
which had to be con-

sidered in view of the!

constitutional rovision
against expropriation and
the need to be paid ade-
quate compensation,

Cde Mahachi urged his
audience to closely follow
the progress of the Bill

‘through Parliament arid

to suggest possible
amendments.

“Tt ‘will not be the in-
tention to disrupt com-
mercial farmers like yout,
but to deal with those

‘who have either aban-

doned their land or who

live outside the country,” :

he sald,
He assured the farm-

ers that the Government :

‘tant role played by agti-
culture in the economy
and would continue to
listen to its feaders,

Agricultural

147

‘wag aware of the impor-'

Corporation and: support
relevant revearch  pro-

grammes.
It wag also inyestigat-
ing! concrete proposals on

point at the congress —
cout be ontrolied, end
the view that

expressed:
t was perhaps time that

. Bessie . recelved | fo

exchange ens
tions more f+ line with
the foreign exchange it
earned to ensure that it
could buy alt the neces-
enry imported inpute tt
needed. -



cso:

Assembly without the prior
approval of the Cabinet.
Such approval can be
given only if a recommen-
dation is made by the Con-
stitutional Council based
on a decision by all its
members or if the Cabinet
unanimously agrees.

Mr Shipanga said these’

provisions would effective-
ly. neutralise *\the Con-
stitutional.. Council, _and
were contrary to the State
Président’s Proclamation
establishing the new
government.

He said these clauses
must have been discussed
by certain parties with
others being excluded and
the doctrine of consensus
was wellknown to be that
of the National Party.

Mr Katjiuongua
(Swanu) said the person
who drafted the Bill should
have confined himself to
the provisions concerning
the Constitutional Council
contained in the document
presented to the State
President.

He said another new ele-
ment was the clause
limiting the chairman of
the Constitutional Council
to a judge or former judge
of the South West Africa
Supreme Court or the
Supreme Court of South
Africa.

It had not been specified

previously that — the
chairman should come
from Southern Africa, Mr
Katjiuongua said.

3400/920

74

Mr Mudge said earlier
the clause relating to the
Rehoboth Self Govern-
ment Act, the Represen-
tative Authorities
Proclamation and the con-
stitutions of representative
authorities could be used to
amend AG 8.

He said the clause meant
an issue could be kept out
of the — Constitutional
Council if the Cabinet
agreed to this unanimous-

ly.

Mr Mudge said he
believed such agreemént
would be possible to
achieve,

Cabinet Ministers
should try to find solutions
concerning AG 8 by talk-
ing to each other while al-
lowing the Constitutional
Council to draw up a con-
stitution.

The debate ended in con-
fusion when the Bill’s Se-
cond Reading was.
proposed by the Speaker.

Swanu and Swapo D
Members. objected and
angry exchanges followed
with Mr Mudge. :

Swanu and Swapo’D ab-
stained from the vote and
the Speaker adjourned
House for five minutes fc
Members to cool down.

When the’ sitti
resumed, the House

f adjourned until this. morn-
; ing. .



political backgrounds. A number of
sitting MPs today owe their parliamen-
tary. debuts to such circumstances, The
MP for Kilifi North and an assistant
minister in the office of the President, Mr,
Katana Ngala, was certainly first elected
to parliament as a sign of respect for his
late father and former MP for Kilifi
South, Mr. Ronald Ngala and so was the
MP for Kwale Central, Mr. Boy; Juma
Boy who, at the tender age of 225 was
elected to replace his late father; Mr.
Juma Boy as the MP for the area. When
the former MP for Isiolo North, Mr.
Halake Fayo, passed away in 1983, the
ensuing by-election was won.‘by his
brother, Mr. Hussein Fayo. Mr. Alphonse
Okuku’s success when he first vied for the
Mbita parliamentary seat was.to.a very
large extent attributable to the legacy of
his late brother, former cabinet minister
Mr. Tom Mboya. The most -celebrated
case of all was that of an. assistant
minister for finance, Mr. Ngengi Muigai,
whose landslide and record-breaking elec-
tion victory in Gatundu in 1979.was a

tribute to’ his late uncle, Mzee Jomo
Kenyatta. .

To most Kenyans, therefore, this trend
somehow assured Owiti’s brother of a
comfortable: victory in the forthcoming
by-election. But this did not deter Ogot
from joining the. race. Her case seems to
be even more complicated since she will:
be. campaigning on the ticket of. her
closeness to the late Owiti, despite the
fact that she cannot claim to have been
closer to him than his own brother, At the
same time, Ogot may have to explain to
the electorate why she resigned when this
means that Gem will no Jonger have two
people in parliament.

Despite all these odds, Ogot has
nevertheless joined the race, which means
that she has her own very good reasons for
expecting to win the seat. Her confidence
seems not to have been instant, however,
for she kept her intentions unknown until
the eleventh hour ‘and very few people
knew she was contesting the seat until she
presented her nomination papers last
Friday.

Her immediate task will, no doubt, be!

to convince the electorate as to why they should vote for her and not for
Owiti's brother, There was no doubt Ogot worked closely with the late MP in
Gem, It was for this reason that she was chosen to be the mistress of cerer
monies during his funeral, The word being passed around by her supporters is
that, apart from her closeness to the late MP she already has a record of
being concerned with the development of the area, and both attributes, when
conbined, might be more acceptable to the constituency and a sufficient
tribute to the late MP than the mere fact that another candidate is his
brother,

It will be interesting to see the extent to which this argument will be ac-
cepted by the voters but there seems to be yet another factor in the election
which some observers believe is the backbone of Ogot's candidacy, and that

is the role of the other MPs of the district, ‘wo assistant ministers from
the district, M®&, Oloo Aringo and Archbishop Oluoch Ondiek, have thrown their
weight behind Ogot and they seem to be so keen on seeing hers elected that they
are even addressing campaign rallies in their capacities as Kanu officials,
Despite denials by Aringo and Ondiek that they are supporting any candidate,
the alliance between them and Ogot is well known, It became apparent during
the recently held Kanu elections when Ondiek, Ogot and the minister for agri-
culture and livestock development, Mr, William Odongo Omamo, all said that,

as Siaya MPs, they were supporting Aringo for the district Kanu branch chair-
manship, Ogot was at the time a nominated MP and her claim to be speaking as
a Sdaya MP was not clearly understood; some observers thought that she had un-
officially already assumed the role of Owiti's substitute, Whatever the case,
her public support and alignment with the dominant political forces in the
district seems to have paid some dividends, As Aringo was elected branch
chairman and Ondiek treasurer, Ogot was elected secretary, and there is

every reason as to why Aringo may want to extend his gratitude even farther
and support her in the by-election.

10


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785
786
787
788
789
790
794

Barnabas. Kuse
Wilson Gidana
Kenneth Funde
Thazamile Thokana
Mbaneli Tyokala
Khajaetho Ngquni
Amos Sakata

John Sokopa
Nomelice Moleis
Bomgoan Mhlaba
Loyiso Yafta
Vuwisile Nohiva
Michael Luyana
Dumisone Mali
Dawid Mkungwane
Alfred Mba

Isaac Jordaan
Richard Mooi
Desember Gqanda
Jerimia Getshabane
Xola Dabuba

Jacob Gqubule
Lungile Sinuku
Joseph Mangisi
Madoda Ndoni
Boshile Ndoni
Lulamile Mazantzi
James Maigas
Jacob Muller
Tamsanga Muetye
Wilmot Goba
Johannes Allers
Nask Davids

Dawot Sinjoto
Wellington Vusina
Tommy Msweswe
Mthuthuzile Rase
Brown Vusumi
Thembesile Tyhuthu
Thshala Vunbata
Andele Fumbela
Lizo Mengo

Vuyani Sogewani
Justis Cgilitshana
Alfred Fredericks
Reginald Hiokoma
Michelle Sam
Malvern Pusani
Joseph Siwani
Michael Oliphant
Syivia Moe

(962)
(963)
(964)
(965)
(966)
(967)
(968)
(969)
(970)
(971)
(972)
(973)
(974)
(975)
(976)
(977)
(978)
(979)
(980)
(981)
(982)
(983)
(1016)
(1017)
(1018)
(1019)
(1020)
(1021)
(1022)
(1023)
(1024)
(1025)
(1026)
(1040)
(1041)
(1042)
(1043)
(1044)
(1045)
(1046)
(1053)
(1054)
(1055)
(1056)
(1057)
(1058)
(1059)
(1060)
(1061)
(1062)
(1063)

123

Port Elizabeth
w

Uitenhage
"

"

Port Elizabeth

Uitenhage

Port Elizabeth
"

Uitenhage



943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987

989
990
991
992
993

Patrick William
Deon Gardman
Richard Barry
Mzukeze Magqabes
Cliffard Sambok
Jim Thuys
Welicome Noda
Phillips Noda
Feudalish Mandalize
Fulugaz Mopoug
Michael Thamsaga
Gert Williams
Vusumzi Pisani
Lumkile Baskit
Wuzie Kookwater
Kutu Majo

Mvote Zukile
Zoyzsile Hlangwana
Sipogien Nongogo
James Bloem
Johannes Jason
Andile Ngotsha
Kukuku Nqojela
Tozamile Gahia
Lulamelee Titiwee
Sincelo Pakane
Weelnut Mene
Mint Jobela
Mazwi Gumenye
Erich Njadayi
Mbebisi Nenete
Thobile Jam

Vuyo Msinka
Totman Loro
Neeba Majenge
Vuyisele Bebe
Polila Jack
Jackson Nodiano
Teneso Tobete
Tombsile Cantani
Elliot Ngende
Nyannando Hiela .
Donald Jacobs
Nkuhulelo Njokuana
Lucky Neapayi
Boyce Masona
Xola Cesuler
George Rensburg
Andy Davids

A Mohammed (no number given)

Lasarus Mcavangwa

(1131)
(4132)
(1133)
(1134)
(1135)
(1136)
(1137)
(4138)
(1139)
(1140)
(1191)
(1255)
(1277)
(1278)
(1.280)
(4281)
(1282)
(4283)
(1343)
(1374)
(1379)
(1.284)
(1292)
(1293)
(1388)
(1285)
(4286)
(1290)
(4291)
(1.295)
(4297)
(4298)
(4299)
(4300)
(1301)
(1302)
(1309)
(4310)
(i3iL)
(1312)
(1313)
(4314)
(1315)
(1330)
(1331)
(1332)
(4333)
(1334)
(4335)

(1266)

129

Port Elizabeth
Uitenhage
"

Albany

Uitenhage

Port Elizabeth
"

Bathurst
"

"
"

Uitenhage
"

Bathurst
"

Port Elizabeth
"

Benoni



Government and clarity |

will have to be found on its
status before the legislative
process can get into gear
again.

So far, the only major
piece. of legislation passed

by the Assembly has been °

the Budget, and AG8
managed to rear its ugly
head here as well when
Swanu-and Swapo D voted.
against the provision of
funds for second tier
authorities.

What has emerged from
the debates in the As-
sembly is a deep-rooted
suspicion on the part of
Swanu and Swapo D that
the other parties in the
Government are not
sincerely committed to the
abolition of discrimination
as embodied in Proclama-
tion AG 8.

They believe the DTA
has made an unholy al-
liance with the National
Party in wanting to retain
at least some important
provisions of AG 8 if not
all of it.

The Chairman of the
DTA and Finance
Minister, Dirk Mudge has
said, however, that he is
not defending AG 8 but the
agreed procedure that it
should be referred to the
Constitutional Council as
it is a constitutional matter.

The interpretation of the
status of the Proclamation
and whether it should be
referred to the Con-
stitutional Council or not is
not to be referred to legal
advisers for their opinion.

The debates so far have
also revealed the
Parliamentary inexperience
of the Swanu and Swapo D
Members and this has been
exploited by leaders of
other parties,

Motions proposed by the
unofficial opposition have
been taken over by others,
modified and passed by the
House without Swanu or
Swapo D being able to
take the credit.

69

They have also shown
themselves prepared to
stick to their political prin-
ciples, but this has
sometimes been at the ex-
pense of significant conces-
sions that could have been
won or given in smoke-
filled back rooms of the
Tumhalle.

Despite the differences
that have arisen over
various issues, Swanu and
Swapo D have reaffirmed
their Commitment to the
Government, but © there
must be a limit to the
number of times they are
prepared to be voted down
and defeated.

Can they afford to

“decide they ‘have had

enough?

The question over the
National Party’s participa
tion stems from the dif-
ferent approaches taken by
Mr Van Zijl in the Govern-
ment and the party leader
Kosie Pretorius, who has
Tetained the White Second
Tier authority as his power
base.

While Mr Pretorius is
careful to make it clear
what is negotiable and
what is not (for instance
control of “own” education
and the abolition of second
tier authorities), Mr Van
Zijl has spoken in ‘more
general terms and openly
said AG 8 must be studied
and necessary changes
made.

Although the two: have
not contradicted each
other, their tone and style
has been markedly . dif-
ferent.

Who should other. par-
ties listen to—the NP
leader or its chief represen-
tative in the Government.
wee really speaks for the

It is also an open secret
that the DTA is suffering



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

INA ISSUES NEW DECREES ON ELECTIONS, CONSTRUCTION BIDDING

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 29 Jul 85 pp 1, 6

[Text ]

The Interim National
Assembly (INA), has
issued Decree Number
Eight allocating num-
ber of representatives
to the various sub-po-
litical divisions of
Liberia for the ensu-
ing elections schedu-
led for this October.

Decree Number Eight
empowers the Special
Elections Commission
(SECOM), to take "im-
mediate steps to de-
marcate, delineate and
identify the various

constituencies, as,

well as distribute and
formulate programs
without the least de-
lay to educate the pu-
blic."

According to the De-

cree, this action by
SECOM ‘ would enable
Libertans to fully and
tntelligently| parti-
cipate in the ensuing
special; elections."

Under Decree Number
Eight, Montserrado
County shall have 10
representatives and

Nimb: nine, while
Lofa and Bong counties
shall be represented
by seven each.

Grand Gedeh shall
have six, Grand Bassa
County five, while
Sinoe, Grand Cape
Mount and Maryland

27

Counties shall each be
alloted four represen—
tatives.

The four-new coun-

tie of Rivercess,
Grand Kru, .Bomi and
Margibi shall each

have two representa-
tives.

Decree Number Eight
takes immediate effect
upon the signature of
the Head of State.

In another develop-
ment, the Interim Na-
tional Assembly (INA),
has issued Decree Num-
ber Nine re-enforcing
the powers of the
National Bidding Com-
mittee.

The decree is geared
towards the develop-
ment and upliftment of
a Liberian construc-
tion industry.

Under Decree Number

Nine, the National
Bidding Committee
shall ensure its

guidelines, already in
circulation, are stri-
ctly adhered to by all
construction firms in
Liberia, as well as
international firms
wishing to partake in
any bid for construc-
tion, projects in the
country.

The decree also sta-
tes that any contract

LIBERIA



GOVERNMENT TO SHUT 'ERRING' NEWSPAPERS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 Jul 85 pp 1, 10

[Text ]

PRIVATE newspapers
which ‘‘over-step their
bounds’’ would be clo-
sed down, the Head of
State, Major-General
Muhammadu. Buhari,
has warned.

General Buhari said ona
special Radio Nigeria,
Kaduna interview that the
government was watching
with keen interest the views
expressed by such news-
papers in the light of Decree
Four.

“We wilt not allow irrespon-
sible views capable of creatirig
trouble or instability in
whatever form to be published
by these private newspapers”
he asserted.

Criticism. centered on issues
which violate national security or
threaten stability would to

of the offending news-
paper house, General Buhari said.
adding that however, construc-
tive criticism of government ac-
tion would not be regarded as an

CSO: 3400/898

offence. ve

He said the fact that most of the
private newspapers were owned
‘by people from the southern part
of the country should not be a
source of worry for people in
other parts of the country which
have no private newspapers.

He said the government would
not allow private newspapers to
Publish news and views against
public interest.

General Buhari-was of the view
that it would take time before
government and-the press would
be satisfied with each other but
said the Nigeriari press could still
be more objective in reporting:

He said the press should not de-
pend entirely. on hand-outs nor
should it be at the mercy of of-
ficials whom it suspects were not
telling it what. the government
was doing. :

This was why the government
prepared press releases on its ac-
tivities for public consumption.

The government. he explained,
was trving to encourage jour.
nalists to be objective by insisting
that they cross-check any news
capable of damaging an in-
‘dvidual or the government while
avoiding news which could
opardise national security,

98

JPRS*SSA*85~081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA:


The INA member said despite the tremendous support from government, many
public corporations have todate not exhibited any sign of recovery,

If the latter is allowed to continue, it would delay the recovery and revital-
ization of the nation's economy, Mr, Jeffy said predicted,

He said for government to realize an economic recovery, it must now take
measures to make the market mechanism work rather than continue to support
state-owned enterprises whose operations tend to impede the market mechan-
ism,

The seminar, the first of its kind in Liberia, marks the official launching
of a major management improvement program in the public sector, and is being

undertaken in response to a policy directive by Government to improve the per-
formance of public enterprises in Liberia.

cso: 3400/843

34


SA FINANCING OF SWATF INCREASED

JPRS*SSA*85~081

3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 1 Aug 85 p 4

[Text]

Over the’ past | five years
since the creation’ ofan in-
tegral Namibian army,
both countries . together
spent -more than. half a bil-
lion: Rand’onthe:SWATF.

In *** addition; South
Africa. is. wic ed
to be spending ‘more than
RI 'million’a day:on main-
taining its: presence-'and
capability in the

the SWATF complement
of the total fighting force in
the ‘Operational Area has
increased to 61%.

This was -said. to The.
Advertiser by the General
Ponntoey F Mi

force; sor
-Gerieral : ‘Georg Meiring, in
an interview “marking the:
fifth: anniversary’ of “the
“August: 1*Proclamation.

s ‘Gert Meéiring said annual
Speriding:.
malay, ‘had - almost
doubled. since its cteation.*

Starting, at R72snillion-
in repending had snes to
yeary" ing tisen to
it A2ilion announced in

is’ 's-budget.

Te General said. the
latest: “”. “appropriation
provided for. about R77-
million -:

cso: 3400/920

. Namibian

He. said the South
‘Afri¢an cgntribution
-covered -R43,5-million in
“operational! costs, including
‘the‘atms, ammunition and

plies of frontline units.

A. further R16,5-million
:waa*'spent on: Permanent
“Forte ‘salaries,

“1985: was the first time
theSouth African con-
tribution towards
Namibia’s own defence
system, had been reflected
in the national budget. In
the, the past the amount had

been included inthe Part
Appropriation Bill.

The personnel level of-
the Territory Force since it
actually came into being
on September 6 1980 had
increased by 75%.

General Meiring said the
greatest growth had been
experienced among the
members of the full-time
auxiliary service — units,
where personnel levels had
doubled.

There had also been a
five-fold .increase in con-
scripted servicemen,

The Territory Force to-
day comprises eight full-
time battalions, 27 Area
Force Units, one Reaction
Force Brigade, a large
number of support and
training units.

59

WHILE THE SOUTH West African Territory
Force is playing’an increasingly ‘operational part in
the bush war, itis to’a large degree South African

The foundation of a
Namibian air force exists
in the form of 1 SWA
Squadron, mainly for
civilian rescues = and
searches.



GLASS PLANT HANDED OVER BY BELGIAN COMPANY

JPRS*SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 22 Jul 85 p 5

[Article by Michael Millinga]

[Text]

cso:

THE Sand Treatment Plant of
the Tarizania Sheet Glass Com-
pany Limited at Mbagala in Dar
es Salaam, has been handed over
to the Tanzania Saruji Corpora-
tion (Saruji) by the Belgian com-
pany, Basse Sambre, followin;

the completion of installation of
machinery.

" The handing over of the 69m/-
plant was made by the Works
Manager, Mr. E. Frederick, at
the weekend. The Saruji Gen-
eral Manager Ndugu Rumisha
Kimambo said the plant’s total
cost was covered by a Belgian
soft Joan of 49m/- which was used
to cover machinery and equip-
ment, engineering _ services,
erection and commissioning. He
said 20m/-, was contributed by
Tanzania, was spent on the
machinery foundation and hous-

ings

idugu Kimambo said the
plant was capable of transform-
ing the natural sand into a pro-
duct that is suitable for the man-
ufacture of glass.

,, He said the plant had a capac-
ity of processing 20 tonnes of raw
sand per hour to churn out 11.5
tonnes of fine glass sand, 8.5 ton-
nes of coarse sand and mud of
which coarse sand can be sifted
from mud at two different out-
lets.

He said, the plant’s present
capacity was enough to meet the
Sheet Glass Company’s require-
ments of 40 tonnes per day apart
from supplyitf the excess to
other local :glaga manufacturing
plants such as the Light Source

‘actory for the manufacture of
electric bulbs, tubes and vaccum
laSKS.

3400/880 °

143

The coarse sand product will
eventually be used by Saruji’s
subsidiary company based in
Morogoro in manufacturing of
ceramics products such as wash-
ing basins, sinks, bath tubes,
wall tiles and the like and the
excess can be used for house con-
struction by other customers, he
said.

However, Ndugu Kimambo
noted that the Company could
not at the moment start commer-
cial production of sheet glass due
to lack of adequate and constant

wer supply from the Tanzania
Electric Supply | Company
(TANESCO).

The Company he said, needed
2.2 megawatts at full operation
but only 1.2 megawatts can be
delivered through the existing
line of 11 kilo-volts. To start the
plant a new line of 33 kilo-volts is
required from  Kurasini to
Mbagala.

The TANESCO' manage-
ment, he said had promised to,
supply the Company with the
required power, but had todate
not erected a new power line of
,33 kilo-volts. Construction of the
‘plant begun in 1981.

TANZANIA



He said the university granted the students an excuse to attend the confer—
ence and wrote the Foreign Ministry to have their documents processed,

4 Foreign Ministry announcement Thursday said because of the "serious breach
of principles governing international relations" and a "gross interference
in the internal affairs of Liberia, the:Liberian government was breaking of
ties with the Soviet Union,

Soviet diplomats in Monrovia were given 72 hours to leave the country,

Liberian diplomatic officials in Moscow wereaalso recalled,

CSO: 3400/843

30


cso:

Apart from Mr Katota’s
detention conflicting with
the Bill of Fundamental
Rights, Mr Gauntlet also
_argued it was unlawful as
‘there. had been ~-non-
compliance . with man-
datory ‘provisions of
AG 26,

The proclamation
stipulated detainees had to
be visited regularly by a
magistrate and. doctors.
This had not been done.

Although the judges, Mr
Justice Hans Berker. and
Mr Justice Harold Levy
had ordered in separate
rulings cause should be
shown why there had not
been strict compliance with
these provisions, this also
had not been done.

Mr Gauntlett also ap-
plied for leave yesterday to
submit supplementary af-
fadavits.

In one Josef Katofa al-
leges he was assaulted
whilst in detention; while
two others, one from
pastor of the Evangelical
Church and another from
a vice headman, testified to.
his good character . and
said he had never been ac-
tively involved in politics.

Mr Jeremy Gauntlett, in-
structed by Mr David
Smuts of Lorentz and
Bone, appeared for Mr
Katofa and Mr Jan Hugo
of Pretoria for the respon-
dents.

Judgement has been
reserved.

3400/920

62


JPRS*SSA%85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA

MERCEDES TRUCKING COMPANY FALLS SHORT OF EXPECTATIONS

Ikeja NEWSWATCH in English 29 Jul 85 p 31

[Article by Lawson Omokhodion]

[Text]

familiar star welcomes you into
A the premises of the Anambra

Motor Manufacturing Company
Limited (ANAMMCO). Sitting quietly on
an approximately 100 hectares of land in
the pleasant sun of Emene Industrial
Layout, Enugu, Anambra State, ANAM-
MCO represents an unfulfilled dream.

ANAMMCO, founded in 1977, was of-
ficially opened in 1980, amid the usual
fanfare to assemble trucks, Daimler-Benz
of West Germany owns 40 percent of the
company shares, Federal Government 35
percent, Anambra State government 12
percent, Imo and Rivers states, 2% percent
each, and 16 other Nigerians own .09 per-
cent each.

Strategic positions, such as managing
director, technical manager, financial
manager, financial controller, quality
control manager and production manager
in the company are held by Germans. J.
Wagner, the managing director, was not
available to answer questions on plans to
indigenise the strategic positions in the
company. But an insider believes that the
longer the Germans stay, the better.
“Nigerians,” he said, “have a way of
polarising corporate activities.””

When it was opened in 1980, ANAMM-
CO was expected to produce 34 trucks per
day. It achieved that level in 1982. But
now, it turns out only 16 trucks per day.
With reduced production, the staff
strength that reached its highest at 1,500
in 1982 has been steadily cut down to 880.

If conditions worsen, more employees
will be sacked. The import licence situa-
tion does not give any cheers. In 1984

99

ANAMMCO requested for N100 million
worth of import licence. It received only
N68.3 million’ By the end of last June
1985, the company had only received im-
port licence for N25 million. It may not
receive more than NSO million in allocation
for this year. Company staff complain
that the abuses to which import licence is-
suance was subjected to under the civilian
regime are still common-place. Some
“fast”? hands get such licence and import
bogus Mercedes spare parts, they said.

ANAMMCO has the sole right to
distribute and sell Mercedes Benz spare
parts in Nigeria. By the terms of the joint
venture agreement, Daimler-Benz is bann-
ed from selling spare parts to independent
Nigerian importers. But it is generally
believed that Mercedes spare parts
described as ‘‘fake’’ find their way into
Nigeria. ANAMMCO says its greatest
blessing is the spare parts section. In 1983,
the company constructed an ultra-modern
spare parts warehouse at a cost of five
million naira. It is-claimed that because of
stock of spare parts, the company is able
to retain a 53 percent share of the motor
truck market in Nigeria and easily beats
Leyland, Steyr, Federated Motors and
National Trucks Manufacturing Com-
pany.

n 1982, ANAMMCO was reported to
| have made a profit of N6.7 million.
No evidence of dividend payment ex-

ists. The company apparently ploughed
back the profit for internal growth, In
1983, it expanded the staff canteen ser-
vice at the cost of N1.5 million.

The company’s plan to assemble



the forefront of this battle. The imposition of martial law in the areas of
Eastern Cape, Witwatersrand, and the Vaal triangle is an effort by the regime
to halt our march to freedom. It is in these areas that we fought fierce
battles. The regime is losing control and thus has introduced new methods of
brutal open terror to govern us.

This new situation places a big challenge on all (20f us), the women of our
country. We have been organizing ourselves into women's groups in our different
areas. We have to speed up this process and reach out into all parts of our
country, especially the rural and Bantustan areas. We are learning that when
we only have pockets of resistance, the enemy is able to clamp down on them,
but when.the whole country is up in arms, it is impossible for the regime. to
maintain any control.

We know that the apartheid regime is committed to maintaining apartheid by
force of arms. This places a challenge on all to take up arms against their
enemy. In the past we have used rudimentary home-made weapons like petrol
bombs. Now is the time that we use modern weapons.

As we observe our national women's day, let us take the call made by Comrade
President Oliver Tambo to take the struggle to the white areas and not confine

it to the black townships. For us women, we must take the struggle into the '
houses where we are working as domestic servants. We must intensify the political
struggle and register our presence in the struggle. We must continue in making
apartheid in all its forms unworkable. Let us make even the new way of brutal
force, unworkable by confronting the army and police [words indistinct] the

time has come for all of us to intensify the struggle (2to create a) nonracial
and democratic South Africa.

On this occasion, we greet the heroic women and comrades in arms of SWAPO and
the People's Liberation Army, plan. We convey our greetings to the women of
El Salvador, Guatemala, Chile, Nicaragua, Palestine, East Timor and Sadr. Our
special greetings go to the women of Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Lesotho, Botswana and People's Republic of Antola, with whom we continue to
suffer in the common struggle against a racist tyranny. We thank our friends
and supporters in the socialist countries, the Scandinavian countries, Western
Europe and the Americas.

In the wake of the renewed and more fascist repression, the regime has assassin-
ated Victoria Mxenge: Priscilla (Janah), a lawyer by profession and defendant
[as heard] of those who stand opposed to racism and who have been detained.

Mrs Albertina Sisulu, the wife of the life sentence-serving improsoned leader
of ANC, was also arrested and is aiso presently being charged with treason,
together with 22 other patriots, leaders and representatives of the United
Democratic Front. The list of women victims is endless. ‘

Send your protest messages, to the Pretoria administration and voice out your
opposition to this fascist brutality. Send messages of solidarity to their
families. We call on all freedom loving people [word indistinct] especially
the ?ANC, to continue their militant opposition to the criminal apartheid
regime. We call on them to pressure their governments to impose mandatory

121 |



follows: 35 hours 37 minutes in Afrikaans, 29 hours 21 minutes in English and
17 hours and 24 minutes in Germany. All these hours are devoted to an attempt
to boost the sagging morale of the colonial settlers. Just about the same number
of hours are used to relay FM services in Otjiherero, Oshiwambo, Damara-Nama,
Tswana, Kwangari, in a despérate but persistent attempt to legitimatise
Pretoria’s criminal policies of dividing our people and country into so-called
"separate homelands” in order to prolong its occupation of Namibia.

That the SWABC is nothing more than a mere local extension of the
SABC is clearly borne out by the fact that most of its technical personnel are
from the SABC and that a number of the SWABC's broadcasting programmes are
prepared at the SABC studios in Johannesburg and then dispatched to Windhoek
for transmission.

TELEVISION

Television transmitters were installed in Namibia for the first time in
September, 1981. It hardly produces its own local programmes with the
exception of those obtained from abroad, the programmes of these television
transmitters are all from the SABC. They are foreign in both content and
theme. There are no presentations in local languages at all.

Television broadcasting programmes in Namibia run for seven hours a
day, But, like the rest of the information services, they do not serve the true
cultural and educational needs of the Namibian masses.

The journalists who collect, disseminate and transmit information
through the Television Broadcasting Service in Namibia are employees of the
South African government. Therefore, the social and political angle from which
they procced is obviously that of the Botha regime, and this affects the contents
of these programmes as well as: the choice of the problems and_ topics
for presentation not to mention the evaluation of the social significance of infor-
mation presented in those programmes.

Furthermore, the entire contigent of engineers and technical operators
i tvice are also either South Africans or Germans. About 70
per cent of all the technical staff are South African colonialists on secondment
from the SABC.

Most of the 14,500 television sets in the country are owned by the
colonial settlers who are resident in the larger urban centres, such as, Windhoek,
Swakopmund and Walvis Bay. Thus, in addition to the colonial bias, there is
also an urban bias regarding the present Television Broadcasting Service in
occupied Namibia.

THE ANTI-COLONIAL MASS MEDIA

Because the formal mass media in Namibia constitute a single pro-
paganda outlet for the ruling settler minority, the newspaper reports, radio and
television broadcasts are often silent about those facts and events which are not
in full accordance with the political piatform and colonial interests of apartheid
South Mrica and the focal settlers, And because, unlike in the apartheid repub.

40


JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

DETENTIONS IN NORTH--Windhoek--Eight people, including a)Lutheran minister and
three schoolteachers, have been detained under wide-reaching security laws by
South Africa forces in Namibia, a Church leader reported yesterday. The

Rev Abisai Shejavali, General Secretary of the Namibia Council of Churches, said
the detainees ‘were picked up between 22 and 29 July at their homes or schools--
all at centres in northern Namibia, near the border with Angola. He said the
detainees included the Rev Paulus Musheko, a Lutheran minister at Olupandu,

about 15km from the Angolan leader. Others were a Post Office worker and his
wife, a nurse and the wife of one of the detained teachers, said Rev Shejavali.--
SAPA-AP [Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 2 Aug 85 p 1)

CONCORDIA COLLEGE PUPILS--There are five white pupils at Windhoek's Concordia
College, the Minister of Education, Mr Andrew Matjila, said in the National
Assembly yesterday. Replying to questions tabled by Mr Daan Opperman (NP),

Mr Matjila said none of the white pupils were hostel boarders. He said there
were 74 pupils in Standard 10 at the school and there had been 166 pupils in
Standard 8 at the school's inception in 1983. In Standard 8 in 1983 the
failure rate was 13.1 percent, in Standard 9 in 1984 it had been 3.4 percent
and the number of drop-outs from the school was 54 in 1983 amd 110 last year.
The total number of hostel boarders was 179 and the average cost per boarder
was R803. Mr Matjila said 424 students had enrolled at the academy this year
for tertiary studies, of which 234 were following teaching courses. The ethnic
breakdown of these candidates was as follows: Whites 449; Basters 128;
Caprivians 9; Damaras 107; Hereros 177; Kavangos 32; Coloureds 238; Namas 49;
Tswanas 20; Owambos 67 and other groups 25. [Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK
ADVERTISER in English 30 Jul 85 p 3]

KHOMASDAL ROAD~TARRING--Over R1 million for an extensive road-tarring programme
in Khomasdal was approved by the Windhoek City Council last night. R1,050,000
was allocated for work to be carried out by the Municipality during the
1985/86 financial year. In determining the priority of which roads should be
tarred, factors considered included the position of schools, shops, the volume
of traffic and traffic flow. The roads to be affected are Dodge, Kroon,
Chrysler, Diamant, Franc, Floryn, Dollar, Pond Jasmyn, Asblom, Angelier,
Aandblom, Aster, Dahlia, Roos, Ranonkel, Hibiskus, Protea, Karlien, Gladiola,
Dairy, Malva and Pronkertjie. [Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER

in English 1 Aug 85 p 3]

82


JPRS*“SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

GABON

BRIEFS

OIL TENDERS INVITED--Eleven offshore and three onshore oil exploration permits
are up for tender. Bids have to be submitted to the hydrocarbons directorate
of the Mines & Energy Ministry by 30 September 1985. France's Elf Aquitaine
ig: one of several oil companies interested in making a pid. Elf now expects
output by its 75 percent owned subsidiary E1£ Gabon to be maintained at present
levels until at least 1989/90. A new exploration well, Echira 2, has yielded
a flow. of 400 ma day of oil on preliminary testing, confirming the previous
Echira 1 discovery. Further tests’ are now under way. ELf's optimism also re-
flects new discoveries in 1983/84, including the Anguille A offshore field.
[Excerpt] [Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK in English 20 Jun 85 p 31]

cso: 3400/845



NAMIBIA

Mass Media in Occupied Namibia Highlighted
(SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN, Jun B5) ce cececccccccccveceeecee 38

Deception, Flaws of ‘Constructive Engagement " Noted
(SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN, Jun 85)....+eceesseeseeeeeerees 43

SWAPO War Communique Issued
(SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN, Jun B5) ccccecccecscececeseseeces AD

SWAPO Refutes General Meiring's Claims
(Editorial; SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN, Jun b> re

Botha's ‘Interim Government': An Act of Brinkmanship
(SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN, Jun 85)...ssceceeseseereeercers 55

RSA Financing of SWATF Increased
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 1 AUg 85).....eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 59

Constitutional Bill To Be Tabled
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 29 Tul 85). ccc eecccccececcccecees 60

Katofa Case Raises Vital Constitutional Issues
(Jean Sutherland; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 2 Aug 85)....-.. 61

Rumors of White Merger Gain Ground
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 30 Jul 85). ccccesececeeccecececes 63

Minority Rights To Be Defended in Court
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 1 Aug 85)...esseerccccceceesesese 64

No Compromise on AG8 Says SWAPO-D's Appolus
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, BL Jul 85) ..cceeecccccccececceece 66

No Change in NP Principles, Says Kosie
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 31 Jul 85) .cccccesceccoscveeccere 67

Future of Transitional Government in Balance
(Brian Jones; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 31 Jul 85).......+-- 68

Commentary on Proclamation AG8
(Joe Putz; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 31 Jul B5)eececerececes TL

National Assembly Adjourns Till 14 August
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 30 Ful 85) occ ceca cenveccccsccece 73

Political Unity Based on Skin Color Unacceptable
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, BO Jul 85) ..cccceccenvcccreeeecce 75

Tax Cut, Pay Freeze Proposed for Salvage Economy
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 2 Aug (>) no 76

-e-



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

UGANDA

BRIEFS

STUDENTS PROTEST HARASSMENT--The national leaders of the National Union of
Students of Uganda, NUSU, have called upon some Ugandans, who are reported to
be harassing NUSU branch officials, to stop it because NUSU is a nonpartisan
organization through which students air their grievances to the government.

In a statement’ issued in Kampala today, the secretary for education, Mr. James
(Mugerwa), said NUSU has no political orientation with either the outsted
government or the UPC [Uganda People's Congress] Party. He said NUSU is ready
to work with the new government without discirmination or favor. [Text]
[Kampala Domestic Service in English 1700 GMT 13 Aug 85 EA]

cso: 3400/904-F

145



IT IS STILL NOT KNOWN to what extent these contribu-

tions have helped to alleviate the financial
crunch at LBS, but judging) by the many
months of salary arrears owed employees,, and
the recent breakdown of the system's main
radio transmitter, it appears that the pro-
blens are far from being near a solution. It

“is obvious that a more jasting solution is

needed.

IT IS FOR THIS REASON that we whole-heartedly welcome.

IT IS OUR

the formation by the Head of State of a Spe-
cial National Radio Implementation Committee
to study the ELBC problems and make appro-
priate recommendatigns for workable solu-
tions.

SINCERE HOPE that the committee which is com-
posed of people quite knowledgeable in the
communication business, will carefully shift
the evidences before it and come out with
solutions that will take care of the problens
once and for all.

37



FUTURE OF TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT IN BALANCE

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 31 Jul 85 p4

[Article by Brian Jones]

[Text]

SEVERAL QUESTION marks are hovering over
the future of the Transitional Government and with
each debate in the National Assembly appear in

bolder and bolder print.

The unity and the ability
to function of the. govern-
ment has come into ques-
i reasinigy as a clear
division has emerged
between Swanu and Swapo
D on the left and the four
other parties in the
Government ~ the
Democratic Turnhalle Al-
liance, the Liberation
Front, the Labour Party
and the National Party.

So far the mechanisms
built into the system of
government have failed to
produce sufficient unity on
key issues for progress to

made in important
areas.

And. the National
Party’s position appears to
be ambiguous with its
leader remaining outside
the Government but mak-
ing statements that appear
more hardline than those
of the main NP represen-

tative in the Government,
Eben van Zijl.

The Assembly has ad-
journed now for three
weeks to allow members to
cool off and obtain clarity
over two issues which have
delayed important legisla-
tion and caused division
and bitterness.

These two stumbling
blocks are Proclamation
AG8 and clauses which
Swanu and Swapo D say
were smuggled into the
Constitutional Council Bill
without the two parties be-
ing consulted.

Approach a Member of
the Assembly for comment
on Proclamation AG 8 and
he visibly wilts, and by
now the public must be
tired of headlines which
refer to it.

The Proclamation is,
however, the first major
obstacle to progress in the

68

IJPRS*SSA°85°081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA


cso:

3400/920

Turning to subsidies, he
said they ¥ counter
productive, ea uneces-
sary price distortions and
were not market related.

An amount of R184 mil-
lion was allocated in the
1983-84 financial year for
subsidies. Statisites showed
that Western countries
were increasingly moving
away from this system.

Mr Van Niekerk said it
was accepted that in a
developing country, the
government's capital
spending should be at least
25% of the total budget
and larger than the foreign
loans for that particulalr

year.
Since 1970, the govern-

, ment’s capital spending as
"a percentage of the budget

had declined from a peak
of 28% in 1981/82 to 17%
in 1984/85. .

An unacceptable in-
crease in current expen-
diture was causing the
funds available for capital
spending to shrink.

The government would
have to look at its capital
expenditure if it wanted to
promote economnic
growth, provide work and
raise the standard of living
of the whole population
over the long-term.

The. situation became
worse when one looked at
the capital spending on
economic sector services.
They enjoyed low priority
despite the fact that these
sectors such as mining,
agriculture, industry, trade
and tourism contributed
the most to economic
growth and the provision
of jobs.

An amount of R18 mil-
lion had been imposed as a
guidline percentage for
these sectors in the current
budget; which was “almost
ridiculous” when existing
unemployment was taken
into account.

Mr Van Niekerk said the
small contribution of. the
industrial sector to the
Gross Domestic Product
indicated the low level of
industrial development in
the country.

77

However, the industrial
sector could play an im-
portant role in moving
away from dependence on
the primary sector
“including mining and
agriculture”.

A committee consisting
of represenatives of the
private and public sectors
should be set up to
promote industrial.
development.



ve ano110
JPRS-SSA-85-081

3 September 1985

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

f 19980226 11 ; 4

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

| Reproouceo By

| NATIONAL TECHNICAL

| INFORMATION SERVICE Ee oe -
SSSR aca Approved for public flease
To Distribution Unlimited |



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

LEBANESE ENVOY DEFENDS COUNTRYMEN--Set to leave Nigeria in a matter of days,
after representing his country for seven years, the Lebanese Ambassador,

Mr Fawzi Salloukh, has put up a strong defence for the over 10,000 Lebanese
living in this country and argued that "the devil is not as black as it is
painted." Speaking to the DAILY STAR in Lagos, Mr Salloukh who is, by virtue
of his long stay here, dean of the Arab diplomatic corps, cited the various
military tribunals across the country and asked how many Lebanese had been
charged with corruption and other criminal activities in comparison with other
nationals so far named. The Lebanese in Nigeria have, over the years been
involved in retail trade, crop purchasing, wholesale trade, importing and
exporting as well as hotels, cinema development and construction. Defending
them, Mr Salloukh said most of his countrymen had been law-abiding and had done
genuine business and industrial development, in partnership with Nigerians

and have structures left for Nigerians to inherit. "Not less than 60 percent of
the industries in Kano State were established by the Lebanese," he argued.

In the construction field, he said: "A glance at the commercial centres and
residential areas in cities like Lagos, Ibadan (with Lebanon Street), Jos, Kano,
Warri, Port Harcourt, Kaduna, Sokoto, etc., bears eloquent testimony to the role
of the Lebanese in this field." [By Arthur Ezenekwe] [Text] [Enugu

DAILY STAR in English 23 Jul 85 p 1]

GAMBARI DEFENDS JET GIFT--External Affairs Minister, Dr Ibrahim Gambari, has
given reasons why Nigeria chose to donate two military aircraft to Benin
Republic rather than freedom fighters in South Africa. In an interview in
Lagos, Dr Gambari was asked to explain the rationale behind giving the aircraft
to Benin Republic that is enjoying relative peace instead of freedom fighters
and the frontline states near apartheid South Africa who are daily targets of
the racists regime. He said that the policy of Nigeria was based on the
“concentric circle," theory which lay emphasis on our internal problems,
problems of our immediate neighbours, the ECOWAS sub-region and the continent
as a whole, in that order. Dr Gambari said: "I am sure the African National
Congress (ANC) and the Pan African Congress (PAC) are not looking for aircraft."
"They are fighting guerrilla warfare and don't you forget Nigeria has interests
that are diverse, South Africa is a critical area of our concern." "We will
keep pressing for sanctions against the racist regime, we must allow the inter~-
national community to give assistance to those who are actually fighting on the
ground, because ultimately that is what matters." [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES

in English 29 Jul 85 p 32]

103



843
844
845

847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893

Humpher Tshabalala
Jacob Ndebe
Madobanga Ledwaba

Kenneth Mahlelehleli

Themboikaja Mabala
Khathazile Sebeko
Xolani Mbalane
Sydney Sionie
Frans Konke
Fumani Kule
Mzikayaise Madasi
Tembinkosi Boyana
Sicelo Mwaxele
Nhungisi Mzuzu
Monwabisi Klaas
Liso Mthana
Wanga Nkala
Sicelo Ndevu
Mzuzwana Mdyogolo
Tembenkosi Myeni
Bolelo Makinka
Bonise Ngani
Montgomery Jola
Sipheno Stick
Boy Mariyesane
William Mobinza
Erich Frans
Michael Qwazi
Lizo Mbixalini
Longele Befile
Tato Makonywa
Mxolisi Dabe
Patrick Neer
Xalane Semane
Wellington Tshemese
Edward Makhohlese
Arthur Malinde
Rockie Mama
Venon George
Luvujo Saleni
Patrick Kapela
Zweleme Chaka
Margaret Mbeki
Kholeka Sondani
Nyaniso Mpulu
Stnacie Witbooi
Bongani Ntebe
Benjamin Muchaike
John Senene
Pumzile Mbonda
Melville Mkoko

(898)
(899)
(900)

(1237)

(1238)

(1239)

(1240)

(1241)

(1243)

(1244)

(1245)

(1246)

(1247)

(1248)

(1250)

(1251)

(1252)

(1275)

(1276)

(1165)

(1166)

(1167)

(1168)

(1169)

(1170)

(1171)

(1172)

(1173)

(1174)

(1175)

(1176)

(1177)

(1178)

(1179)

(1180)

(1181)

(1182)

(1183)

(1184)

(1185)

(1186)

(1187)

(1188)

(1189)

(1190)

(1192)

(1193)

(1194)

(1195)

(1196)

(1197)

126

Johannesburg
"

Port Elizabeth
"

Uitenhage
"
"
Albany
'

Port Elizabeth
"

Paterson

Uitenhage

Port Elizabeth
"


KENYA

LIBERIA

Nominated MP Resigns From Parliament
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 26 Jul 85) ce ceeceecececesceececesseens

Ogot Makes History
Other MPs' Resignations

MP Unconstitutionally Barred From Meeting
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 26 Jul 85) cece ccccccccccececececeseces

Moi Claims University Fomenting Sectionalism
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 26 Jul 85) cece cece ce scececececececesecs

Economic Survey 1985
(J. T, Mukui; THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 19 Jul 85) cc eceeesccccsees

Cut Back on Tobacco Growing
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 19 Jul 85) cceceececcccccccceceececeeces

Foreign Ministry Appointments
(NEW LIBERIAN, 2 Aug [SD

Eastman Ambassador to Germany
More Officials Commissioned

Government Officials Commissioned Into Armed Forces
(NEW LIBERIAN, 29 Jul [5

INA Issues New Decrees on Elections, Construction Bidding
(NEW LIBERIAN, 29 Jul 85) cece ecee cece eevee eeeeecencereeees

Student Spy Scandal Under Probe
(NEW LIBERIAN, 22 Jul 85) ccc cc cee cccccncccececeeeceeseceees

Immigration Bureau Steps Up Border Vigilance
(J. N. Elliott; NEW LIBERIAN, 11 Jul 85).......ceeceeeeeees

INA Member Jeffy Calls for Parastatal Sales
(Gabriel Nyanfor; NEW LIBERIAN, 11 Jul 85)........cecececes

National Radio Committee Established
(NEW LIBERIAN, 1 Aug BS) ccc ecce cece cccccccscceceeccececees

Modernization Funded by 50% Salary Deduction
Financial Sacrifice Worth It, Editorial

9

9

12

13

15

17

22

24

24.

24

26

27

29

31

33

35

35
36


JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

BENDEL SERVICING DEBT--Bendel State Government will. honour all the contractual
obligations including the servicing and repayment of debts inherited from the
previous administrations. The state commissioner for finance and economic
development, Mr Shyngle Oki, made this affirmation yesterday during the
inauguration of the committee looking into the settlement of debts owed by
government ministries, departments and agencies. Mr Oki told the committee

that since its inception, the administration had pursued vigorously its debt-
service obligation. So far, he said, N24 million debt owed to various
contractors have been paid. "Government is desirous to continue with the
settlement of debts owed and has made a provision of N43 million in the 1985
estimates for the purpose," Mr Oko explained. Reassuring contractors whose
debts had not been settled, the commissioner said the setting up of the committee
was a manifestation of government's desperate desire to pay contractors and
suppliers of goods and services to government. The six man committee, headed

by the permanent secretary, Ministry of Finance, Mr.G.A.T. Aggreh, has four weeks
within which to submit its reports, [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English

26 Jul 85 p 13]

NEW ENVOYS APPOINTED~-The Federal Government has appointed four new heads of
Nigerian diplomatic missions abroad. They are for Yugoslavia, Austria,
Equatorial Guinea and Jamaica. The announcement, made in Lagos yesterday,
by the Ministry of External Affairs, says that Ambassador E. 0. Fowora, goes
to the Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, while Mr M. S. Sambo, is appointed
ambassador to Austria. Lieutenant-Colonel Jonathan Tunde Ogheha is
Nigeria's new ambassador to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea while

Mr E. A. Otuokun [as printed] is the High Commissioner to Jamaica. [Text]
[Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 22 Jul 85 p 1]

TIMES BARRED IN GONGOLA~-The Gongola State Government has barred the DAILY TIMES
from covering its activities over alleged adverse publicity. To this end, the
state governor, Major-General Muhammadu Jega, has instructed all the ministries
in the state not to invite representatives of the newspaper to any of the
government's official functions. Addressing representatives of some of Nigeria's
media houses, the governor named the DAILY TIMES and NEW NIGERIAN and criticised
what he called publications aimed at sabotaging government's efforts. However,
only the DAILY TIMES is affected by the order on the grounds of "repeated
publications that misinform the public." The "embargo" would not be lifted,

he directed, until the representative showed that he was a true Nigerian and
patriotic. Some commissioners, permanent secretaries and the general managers
of electronic media in the state were present. Replying, the DAILY TIMES
reporter at the meeting told the governor that he had an interest in the state
and a commitment to its development. The governor did not disclose the stories
in question. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 27 Jul 85 p 8]

GOVERNMENT BANS POLITICAL DISCUSSION--The Federal Government will not tolerate
any further statement on political issues in the country, a Cabinet Office
statement said yesterday. It said: "The attention of the Federal Military
Government has been drawn to underground political activities and conflicting
views being expressed by some Nigerians over the type of political arrangements
for the administration of Nigeria in future regardless of the ban on politics.
"The Federal Military Government has emphasised over and over again since its
inception that its primary objective is to revive the nation's economy and to
instill a sense of discipline in the body politics. The government will not
get involved in any debate at the moment as to the nature of government which

104


Hilary Wilson, Assis~
tant Minister for
Foreign Service In-
stitute, Mr. Solomon
Sawyer, Assistant Mi-
nister for American
Affairs, and Mr. T.
Boye Nelson, Ambassa-'
dor at Large. :

Mr. J. Samuel Smith
was commissioned as
Minister Counsellor to
the Liberian Embassy
in Cairo, Mr. Brend
Hansing, Honorary
Consul of Liberia to
Bremen, West Germany.

Performing the cere-
mony, Minister Eastman
expressed the hope that~
the newly-commissioned
officials would per-
form their various as—
signments with hone~
sty, and hardwork.

In a_ related 'de-
velopment the Deputy
Minister of Lands
Mines and Energy, Mr-
Thomas W. Sherman, was
Thursday admitted into
“the Order of African
Star" with the. rank of
Commander" for his.

cso: 3400/913

25

meaningful  contribu-
tions to the Law of
the Sea Conference.

Minister Eastman,
who performed the
ceremony on behalf of
the Head of State,
lauded Mr. Sherman for
his representation at
the Law of the Sea
Conference, which he
noted, has brought
credit to Liberia.

He expressed the
hope that other Libe-
cians would | emulate
the -good example of
Mr. Sherman so that
they too could be
recognized by the Li-
berian Government.

Mr. Sherman for his
part, thanked Minister
Eastman for the honor, =
and assured that: he
would continue to work
in the interest of the
Liberian government
and people. -- LINA



NIGER STATE AIDS SOUTHERN AFRICAN LIBERATION MOVEMENT

Kano SUNDAY TRIUMPH in English 28 Jul 85 p 2

[Article by Musa Ilallah]

[Text]

“THE people of Niger
State last week in Minna
contributed -N17,530 tc
the coffers of South Afri-
can Rellef Fund to ald It-
beration movements In
their struggle against the
racist South African gov-
ernment. This representa
significant improvement
‘as only-N7,200 was contrl-
buted at a-similar laun-
ching of the fund In the
state in 1977.

In a speech at the laun-
ching ceremony, the acting
governor of the state Lt.
Col. Adebajo Idowu, ob-
served that the racists in
South Africa would not
change their policies until a
“counter force” compelled
them to do so.

In his speech, the State
Commissioner of Informa-
tion, Sports, Youth and
Culture. Alhaii Musa
Mohammed Zogo_re-
marked that Africans owe it
a duty to themselves to
liberate their brothers and
sisters in Southern Africa
from the evils of racial de-
gradation in order to exter-
minate apartheid in the
country.

According to the Com
missioner, the raising of the
fund will go a long way in
ameliorating the hardships
and untold sufferings to
which blacks are subjected
to by the oppressive regime.

cso: 3400/897

84

Also speaking at the
occasion, the Provost of the
College of “iducation, Min-
na, Niger State, Dr. Umar
Sani Sanda Ahmad:
observed that the only solu-
tion to apartheid is for
blacks in Southern Africa to
resort to open guerilla war-
fare against the - minority
white regime.

Dr. Sanda who was the
guest speaker at the cere-
mony advised that the
“blacks should freely use
bombs, grenades, chemical
and biological weapons to
destroy white urban centres
in South Africa’.

The Provost appealed to
the: Federal Military Gov-
ernment to pursue a policy
of arms build up that will
eventually contribute effec-
tively to the liberation of the
black race from humilia-
tions of racial discrimina-
tion.

“Black governments
throughout the world
should set up a South Africa
Bank aimed at developing
black ¢conomy in South
Africa”, Dr. Sanda advised.

He urged states to think
of creating huge confedera-
tions out of existing smaller
states with a view to pulling
their financial and human
resources together for the
purpose of repelling exter-
nal aggression, and above
all destroying apartheid and
economic imperialism.

JPRS*SSA°85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA


CSO:

| “Despite all the negative
developments in the
economy during the past
financial year, I do not
think there is any reason to
be over pessimistic, Mr
Van Huyssteen said.
Considerable _ financial
| Sacrifices had to be made
by everybody during the
past few years which had
; brought about a certain
degree of morbidity
regarding the future.

“However, we are in-
clined to overlook the ad-
vantages which emanated
from these adverse times. I
would like to highlight a
few of the important
aspects. There has been a
pronounced change in the
emphasis placed on values
and priorities. Business
management has become
more conscious of reduc-
ing inefficiency and thus
doing away with unneces-
sary expenditure and
wastage.

“Employees are showing
an increasing pride in their
work. There is greater
respect for material assets
and spending is more selec-
tive.

An optimistic view could
therefore be taken that
productivity in the present
economic climate would be
given a boost—a necessary
prerequisite to combating
the serious dangers of in-
flation.

From a purely economic
‘point of view, a necessary

“balanced and dispassionate
outlook had to be exercised
in the future.

For a considerable time
the advantageous _inter-
national trade conditions
have had a positive effect
on exports, both in prices
and the volume of goods
exported.

The current account of
the balance of payments of
South Africa was making a
firm recovery. The surplus
shown at the end of 1984
was steadily increasing and
this trend was expected to
, continue for some time, Mr
Van Huyssteen said.

3400/920

79

The imbalance between ‘
production and
expenditure—the reason for
ithe strict economic
measures imposed during
the year under review—has '
already been’ corrected,
The good performance of
/exports offers a sound
rbasis_ for —_ economic
recovery and when the
(South African economy
|recovers, a similar revival

jin the economy of Namibia
jcould be expected.

; “Taking everything into
‘consideration, I'am of the
; opinion that the recession
tin the South African
economy will ‘soon be
counteracted by increased
revenue from exports
(especially mining
products) as well as a
relative increase in revenue
from agriculture in com-
parison to the previous
year,” he said:

“As a matter of fact I
expect that in the
forseeable future’ the
economy will stabilise with
an_ upward trend towards
the middle of 1986.

Interest rates in reaction
to market influences have
already entered a declining
Phase. The decline in the
prime ‘lending rates which
‘started in May this year
can be expected to con-
tinue to a level of below 20
percent by the end of the
year.

This will certainly
provide some relief in the
cash flow problems ex-
perienced by _ business
houses and the general
business climate _ will
improve. Although times
will improve, fireworks in
the economy are not an-
ticipated in the foreseeable
future, the report con-
cludes.



JPRS=SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

GHANA

BRIEFS

PARROT EXPORTATIONS BANNED--The ban on the export for parrots which was
temporarily lifted for a period of one year ending 31 July 1985 is once more

in force. An official statement issued in Accra yesterday said parrot
exporters, trappers, customs officers, airlines and other transporters, border
personnel and law enforcement agencies should therefore take note that the ban
is in force and that no parrots may be exported for commercial purposes until
further notice. It said Ghana is a signatory to the convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species, and therefore has an obligation to fulfill the terms
of that convention, which only allow the export of parrots, provided that the
competent authorities are satisfied that such exports will cause no long-term
harmful effects to Ghana's parrot population. The statement said the PNDC

is committed to the optimum sustainable utilisation of Ghana's renewable
natural resources. This should mean that in the pursuit of short-term
maximisation of foreign exchange earnings, care should be taken not to endanger
or destroy those resources. Rational utilisation must be based upon adequate
knowledge of the resources. It noted that in the case of parrots no thorough
studies of the ecology of parrots have been done which can provide a rational
pasis for the setting of export quotas. The ban will therefore remain in

force until a proper scientific field study has been done. [Text] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 3 Aug 85 p 1]

NEW HUNGARIAN AMBASSADOR--The Hungarian Ambassador-designate to Ghana,

Mr Laszlo Szikra, arrived in Accra at the week-end by air from Budapest to
assume duty. He told newsmen at the Kotoka International Airport that his
major task would be to further cement the nearly 30 years of relations between
Ghana and Hungary in the field of science, technology, culture and economic.
He observed that Ghana and Hungary had had a long tradition of constructive,
active and mutually beneficial relations, and pledged to strive in the
promotion of these relations, He would also explore new areas of cooperation
between his country and Ghana, stressing that Ghana and Hungary had identical
views in their developmental set-up--GNA. [Text] [Accra GHANALAN TIMES

in English 5 Aug 85 p 3]



JPRS#SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA
SWAPO WAR COMMUNIQUE ISSUED
Luanda SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN in English Jun 85 pp 35-38
[Text ] WHILE THE racist South African regime is busy with its nefarious neo-colonial

arrangements in Nai ia, by installing a "Multi-Party Conference” puppet
administration in Windhoek on the 17 June 1985, the gallant combatants of
the People’s Liberation Artny of Namibia (PLAN) the armed wing of SWAPO,
are holding high the torch of national anti-colonial inside Namibia.

During the period of March and May 1985, the heroic combatants of
PLAN carried out successful combat exploits against the occupationist forces
of racist South African Defence Force and its Namibian support units such as
Koevoet and Takkie killer squads.

In accomplishing their national tasks of annihilating the racist occupa-
tionist forces in our country and to frustrate Pretoria’s neo-colonial ambitions
over Namibia, PLAN combatants launched an all-out intensification of the
national liberation war for total liberation of Namibia, since the beginning of
THE YEAR OF UNITED ACTION OF PEOPLE’S VICTORY.

During the period of March till May this year, the valiant combatants
of PLAN killed 300 racist South African soldiers and wounded over 340 in
various battles and other combat exploits carried out inside Namibia during
the period under review, At the same time they successfully managed to destroy
45 enemy military trucks and vehicles, partially or completely destroyed
7 enemy military bases and encampments, destroyed completely over 50 tele-
phone poles, pylons and water supply pipes and captured a variety of war
equipment and materials.

Hereunder follows a chronological list of all the major battles and
combat highlights carried out by PLAN combatants against the racist occupa-
tionist South African forces in Namibia.

March 3: One (1) of Koevoet elements was killed and two (2) others
wounded when PLAN combatants attacked them at Ondobe, 45km north-
east of Ondangwa.

March 5: The gallant fighters of PLAN ambushed and destroyed a patroll-
ing enemy unimog truck at Onamahoka, 34km north of Ondangwa. Three (3)
enemy soldiers were killed during the incident.

March 7: Two (2) enemy vehicles were ambushed by PLAN combatants
between lindangungu and Ondiihaluka, One enemy truck was completely
destroyed and another one damaged. Five enemy soldiers were also killed and

+ some others wounded.

March 8: An enemy casspir troop carrier detonated a mine and was
completely destroyed. Five (5) enemy soldiers perished while attempting to
defuse another landmine planted in the same area.

March 9: An enemy buffalo truck detonated a landmine at Eengwena,
killing six (6) and wounding four (4) others.

March UL: PLAN combatants successfully ambushed two (2) enemy
buffalo tucks and an armoured car, one buffalo ruck was damaged and the

49



BUHARI STRESSES INEVITABLE FAILURE OF APARTHEID

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 27 Jul 85 pp 1, 8

[Text]

cso:

3400/900

JE Head of State,

Major-General
‘Muhammadu Buhari
said in Lagos
yesterday that the
apartheid system in
South. Africa would
crumble one way or
the other.

He expressed’ the view
while receiving the out-
going. Australian’ High
Commissioner to’ Nigeria,

agmed struggle and
economic sanctions, were’
the only means to force the
racist’ regime in South
‘Africa to negotiate for a
peaceful end to the.
inhuman system.

He said that it was
unfortunate that the blacks
in. South. Africa were
sacrificing many lives in
order to achieve freedom,
‘but emphasised that Africa
had made such sacrifices to
liberate itself.

The Head of State
thanked the Australian
Government for the
measures it was taking
against South Africa
especially in areas of

and sports.

General Buhari said that
‘Western countries should
realise - that economic
sanction was a more
honourable means of
‘bringing the racist regime to
negotiation adding that the.
alternative was continued
violence until the system
“collapsed.

Nigeria, Gendral Buhari
said_ had been consistent

91

‘and would remain opposed
to apartheid, irrespective of
the type of government ‘in

power.

On the last OAU summit,
the Head of State said that
the member-states were
happy that the organigation
had passed the stage of.
rhetorics and all members

the economy of the.
continent.

The outgoing ' high,
commissioner told General
Buhari that the Australian
Government wes happy
with the way ‘Nigeria-
Australia relations were
developing,” _emphasisina
the co-operation, especially
in agric had been out
standing.

“Mr. Taylor said that Aus
tralia welcomed and valued
the.exchange of views it held
regularly on mutual matters
with Nigeria adding that she
was happy with the
measure being taken by the
present administration

JPRS*SSA%85°081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA



from internal tensions with
some members having to
‘be disciplined by the
leadership .for being too
outspoken on issues such
as AG 8.

When the Assembly
resumes sitting, some of
the questions hanging over
the Government will have
to be answered and the
problems resolved if it
wants to retain the label of
“National Unity” and
achieve what it has set out.
to do.

cso: 3400/920

70


JPRS*SSA°85~081
3 September 1985

LIBERIA

IMMIGRATION BUREAU STEPS UP BORDER VIGILANCE
Monroyia NEW LIBERIAN in English 11 Jul 85 p 8
[article by J. N. Elliott]

[Text] Rigid precautionary measures are being instituted at the Liberian
borders by the Immigration Bureau to prevent what authorities described as
the entry of "dissident elements' during the period of political campaign-
ing, which begun Monday, and the elections in October and November,

In an interview with reporters recently, Deputy Immigration Commissioner
David G, Barshell explained that the exercise is intended to keep out unde-
sirable aliens who might disrupt the electorial process,

Commissioner Barshell also sadd citizens from member states of ECOWAS will
be thoroughly screened before they are allowed to enter the country,

He said this was necessary because, according to him illegal aliens have con-
tributed a lot to the high rate of crime and social unrest besetting the na-
tion,

He said although Liberia is implementing the first phase of the ECOWAS proto-
col which calls for free movement of West Africans those residing in Liberia
after the 90 days period without regularizing their documents, will be de-
ported,

Commissioner Barshell said the last two phases of the protocol providing for
the right of residence and establishment are still pending the approval of
ECOWAS member states.

He denied persistent rumours that an unidentified political party is bringing
in aliens residing near the Liberian borders to take part in the ensuing gen-
eral elections. :

He said it is impossible for aliens to partake in the electoral process be-

cause they do not possess voters' registration cards, which are the pre-re¢
quistes for voting,

31



JpRsSSA~85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

DECEPTION, FLAWS OF 'CONSTRUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT' NOTED

Luanda SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN in English Jun 85 pp 27-34

[Text] THE ELECTION of Ronald Reagan to the Presidency of the United States
of America in 1980, put in motion a new attempt to see the world through
a cold war prism. It also set the stage for the US to lay an East-West dimen-
sion on the struggle for the independence of Namibia thereby fomenting the
present diplomatic stalemate in southern Africa. All this has worked to the
temporary advantage of racist South Africa.

The policy pursued by the Reagan administration to foster closer ties
between the US and South Africa, has been characterised by deception and
logical flaws. As such it cannot stand the test of time. Recent events have
shown quite convincingly that the policy is based on myopic motives and is
thus a bankrupt pursuit.

Upon assumption of office in Junuary 1981, the Reagan administration
moved swiftly to strengthen its ties with the apartheid state. To this end, Chester
Crocker, US Assistant Secretary of state for Africa Affairs, announced that the
policy to be followed by Washington vis-a-vis South Africa would be one of
“constructive engagement”. a high sounding title indeed. The policy was to
take a variety of forms. including a relaxation of US export controls which
would permit sales of equipment to the South African military and pol
encouraging trade between the two countries: providing greater opportunities
than before for US investment and bank loans to South Africa: increasing
contacts between, and the size of, the military attaches; expanding links be-
tween the US and South African intelligence communities; and opening up of
new South African consulates in the US

To embellish this policy of open collaboration with racist South Africa,
Crocker proclaimed that the goals of the policy of “constructive engagement”
were to bring about independence for Namibia, encourage domestic reforms in
the apartheid system of South Africa and to achieve a comprehensive regional
peace and security in Southern Afr

The real motives behind the policy of “constructive engagement” have.
however, nothing to do with any of these professed goals. On the contrary.
the policy is aimed at keeping Southern Afr and ultimately, the rest of
the continent, free from anti-capitalist influences.

With Crocker, a former lobbyist for the Portuguese colonial interest in
Washington, at the centre of African policy formation, the Reagan administra-
tion has viewed with displeasure the victories of anti-imperialist and progressive
liberation movements in Angola and Mocambique in 1975 and in Zimbabwe in
1980. The existence of socialist ori¢nted states in these countries. is something
that the Reagan administration has not been prepared to countenance. There-
fore, US imperialism has never seriously opposed the South African acts of
subversion and armed aggression against these states,

43



CUSTOMS COMPLEX TO BE CONSTRUCTED NEAR BORDER

Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 20 Jul 85 p 6

[Article by Gershon Vee Porter]

JPRS*SSA*85=081
3 September 1985

SIERRA LEONE

[Text] A five-million Leones Customs Complex is to be constructed near the
Sierra Leone, Liberia border.

CSO:

The pian was disclosed
by the Financial Secretary,

ir. Peter Kuyembeh in his
address at Koindu Town
before he declared the Koin-
du border opened.

Mr. Kuyembeh who was
deputising the Minister of
Finance said that the pro-
posed complex which will
boast the economic earning
power of the area,. will in-
clude a customs department
immigration a police post and
representatives of the Army
and also of the APC to
ensure @ smooth and effi-
cient running cf the complex
and to arrest the illegal
trafficking of goods into
Sierra Leone,

The Financial Secretary
said that the border was
closed eleven months ago,
‘Decause operations in the
area were not conducive to
Proper finanical manage-
ment.

Revenue was falling and
the station became free for
all, he added.

Mr. Kuyembeh said that
after eleven months of ob-
Servation, Government deci-
ded to reopen the border
and to relocate and recon-
Swit the Custom Post.

3400/906

112

The Minister of State
for Border Security, Mr.
Tamba Juana called for
what he termed, ‘“‘an intensi-
fied war against all those
Degleoting responsibi-
ty in contribution to the
nation% economic develop-
ment programme:

Mr. Juana appealed to
Border Guards to be vigi-
lant and to monitor the
movement of people and
goods across the border.

The Financial Secretary
who was accompanied on
the two-day tour by the
Permanent Secretary in the
Ministry of Works, Mr.
Brima Sawi inspected the
Customs Posts at Koindu
and Buedu, the checkpoints
at Koindu, Toradu and
Baydu and also the site of
the proposed Customs Com-
plex few yards from the
Liberian border.
the Tinsadal Seretacy ao
‘the Finan: ac,
companied by Mr. Tamba
Juana and Paramount-Chief
Jusu Ganawa II of Kissi
Teng Chiefdom, together
with a cross section of the
Keoindu community visited
fhe Kotrdr market,


cso:

The policy is also flawed in many respects. Its authors had thought
that by embracing the apartheid regime, the US Africa policy would promote
stability in the area and thereby safeguard the West’s economic interests and
strategic global balance of power. The truth, however, is that any Western
support for South Africa, overtly or covertly is bound to fail because of the
liability of the apartheid “system. Accordingly, the Reagan administration’s
policy has dismally failed to produce any of its stated goals because its view
of reality is blurred by cold war fixations. And as the signs of doom have begun
to emerge regarding the policy, we are beginning to hear less and less of
Crocker’s contrived fostering of false optimism about the “peace process” in
Southern Africa, “progress” in the Namibian negotiations and “positive
changes” in apartheid South Africa. Even in the US, the Reagan administration
is unable to convince the American people of the soundness of that policy.

Whatever the US may do from now on, one thing is certain: The peoples
of South Africa and Namibia, supported by the peace-loving progressive part
of humanity, will fight on to bring about the liberation of Southern Africa.
About this, SWAPO is convinced.

3400/21

48


cso:

Azactu’s co-ordinator |
Mr Pandelani_ Nefolo-
vhodwe says they have
not been invited to the
talks and no reasons ;
were given for their ex- :
clusion. ‘

Nine Cusa unions
have decided to with-
draw from the talks, The
exclusion of Azactu and
Cusa from the talks will
causé another delay in
the formation of: the
giant federation sche-
duled for. inauguration
in October.

Merger
However, the original
unity talks unions — Fo-
satu, the General Work-
ers’ Union (Gwu), Food
Canning Workers’
Union (Fewu), Com-
mercial Catering and
Allied Workers’ Union
(Ccawusa) and the Cape
‘Town Municipal Work-
ers’ Association
(Ctmwa) — are pre-
pared to meet the Oc-
tober deadline. They
will be joined by the Na-
tional Union of Mine-
workers (NUM) and
other UDF unions.
Given all the confu-
sion and differences of
political ideology among
the unions, will the
“dream federation” ever
get off the ground?
All the garment work-
ers in the Transvaal,
Free State, Kimberley
tand East Loridon have
merged into one union
— the National Union
of Clothing Workers
(NUCW).

‘The merge which took :
place as from August 1, —
‘was approved by the Na-
tional executive commit-
tee’s of the Garment
Workers’ Union and the
NUCW ina statement.

A spokesman for the
unions said MUCW will
meet shortly to set up
new structures as well as

3400/919

133

revising the consti-
tution, The merger has
been described as “a
major breakthrough” in
aneweraofunity
among black unions.

'@ Black trade unions

have called on the gov-
ernment to withdraw the
state of emergency and
to release all those de-
tained without trial or
charge them.

@ In an escalation of the
BTR Sarmcol dispute,
white-owned shops in
Pietermaritzburg are to
be boycotted, the Fo-
satu-affiliate Metal and:
Allied Workers’ Union
(Mawu), announced
yesterday.

Boycott

Mawu still has to de-
cide on other strategies
in pursuading the com-
pany to reinstate the 975
sacked workers. The
workers were dismissed
after going on @ legal
strike over wages.

The boycott has been
supported by Fosatu
which also announced
that it will hold meetings
with community organi-
sations today. The fede-

ration also intends mect-

~ ing the mayor ‘of Maritz-

burg.

© The Pietermaritzburg
Community Advice Bu-
regu is to hold a series of
workshops starting at

he Lutheran Church
PSatre in Seshego from

August 17. The work-
shops will discuss va-
rious aspects of the Un-
employment Insurance
Fund (UIF) and. other"
labour related issues.

‘The strike by over
2.000 bakery workers in
‘Durban has ended with
employers announcing
that the supermarkets
were once more filled
with loaves of bread.

rike over
waste, Brought ‘produc-
tion in the industry to a.
standstill. The unions -
have they
have gone back to nego-
tate “a living wage”.



Even when it comes to passing resolutions in the UN Security Council
condemning racist South Africa Tor its armed aggression against Angola, the
USA has stood aloof and instead, Washington has continued to give tacit support
to Pretoria in. the latter's destabilisation campaigns against’ Angola and
Mocambique through the activities of the reactionary South African-sponsored,
pro-imperialis!| UNITA and MNR groups, This tacit. and sometime over, Us
support to Pretoria is predicated on the assumption that through such pressure,
Angola and Mocambique will be forced to agree to the idea of inclusion of the
UNITA and MNR puppets and imperialism in their revolutionary governments,
This would. in Washington's imperialistic calculation. help to roll back anti-
capitalist influences in Southern Africa

In line with this US economic and strategic objective. Washington has
been using coercive diplomacy — to obtain the departure of Cuban soldiers
from the People’s Republic of Angola. It has also seized on Namibia's
independence issue 10 use the suffering of our people as a bargaining chip by
which the present US cold war warriors could re-set the balance of the East-
West conflict in Africa. Both Pretoria and Washington recognise the fact that a
just solution to the Namibian problem, based on free and fair elections, would
certainly result in a SWAPO victory, And for them, the prospects of a
progressive SWAPO government in Namibia does not augur well at all. Both
of them want to keep Southern Africa as an outpost of monopoly capitalism,
under the domination of a pro-Western, neo-fascist white minority state in
South Africa. The potential impact of an anti-imperialist SWAPO government
in Namibia has thus to be offset by the creation of strictures around our
country’s decolonisation process. This means that until apolitical climate
favourable to the realisation of the shared American and South Africa economic
and strategic objectives is created in Southern Africa, Namibia's independence
will remain undesirable. despite all the deceptive noises by Chester Crocker and
company that securing Namibia's independence is a main goal of the policy of
“constructive engagement.”

On the larger stage of transnational corporate interests. Namibia re-
presents an important source of vital raw materials to both the US and South
Africa. There are vast mineral resources, which include the world’s largest
supply of diamonds, uraniums, copper. zine, magnesium, lithium and tin
deposits, over which US and South African multinational corporations are con-
trolling more 70%o0f production. South African and US corporate monopolies
are also responsible for the expatriation of about 50% of Namibia's gross
domestic product.

Under the leadership of Chester Crocker. the Western Contact Group has
tried to redraft the UN Security Council Resolution 435 to the advantage of
South Africa by imposing a set of so-called constitutional proposals and dictat-
ing to the Namibian people a voting system of "One Man Two Votes” which
was specially contrived to create circumstances favourable to the aims of South
Africa and imperialism.

This procedure was designed to enhance the position of the South
African puppet groups in Namibia, as it, would have undermined SWAPO's
ability to win a clear majority under UN-supervised and controlled elections.
The maneouvres to water down Resoulution 435 continued for the last five
years: and through them, the Reagan administration has succeeded to create

the linkage issue one of the biggest stumbling blocks to Namibia's
independence. The linking of our country’s right to national independence with
the presence of Cuban forces in Angola, has been the one and only contribu.
tion of “constructive engagement” to the struggle for Namibia’s independence.

[tis also a fact that for the last two years the Reagan administration has
been carrying out an active campaign to stop the armed liberation struggle in
Namibia. as it assists South Afriga to block Namibia's independence. fn this
regard. the US has sought to deliberately mix up the question of the with-
drawal of the South African troops of aggression from the Angolan territory
with the right of the Namibian people to fight militarily for the liberation of
their country, In other words, Crocker and company wanted to use the Eusaka
compromise as a means of killing the armed liberation: struggle in Namibia,
That compromise was entered upon between Angoki and South Africa to

44


NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ADJOURNS TILL 14 AUGUST

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 30 Jul 85 pp 1, 3

[Text]

THE ESTABLISHMENT of a Constitutional
Council to draft an independence constitution for
the country will be delayed for at least three weeks
after the National Assembly adjourned this morn-
ing until the 14th of next month so that disputes
over technical issues could be settled.

Today’s adjournment
was proposed by the
Minister of Finance, Mr
Dirk Mudge (DTA), after
the Second Reading
Debate on the Con-
stitutional:Council Bill was
adjourned in confusion
yesterday after angry ex-
changes across the floor.

Mr Mudge said _ this
morning he _ believed
debates were being held
that were not in the
country’s interest because
of a lack of clarity over
technical issues.

He suggested the As-
sembly adjourn so that all
parties could _ satisfy
themselves over the con-
tents of the Cape Town
document of the
Multiparty Conference
submitted to the South
African State President,
and over whether
Proclamation AG 8 was a
constitutional issue or not.

Yesterday, the Minister’

of Mines, Mr Andreas
Shipanga (Swapo D), and
the Minister of Health, Mr

Moses Katjiuongua _

(Swanu), alleged provisions
had been smuggled into the
Constitutional Council Bill
without the knowledge of
their parties.

73

The debate was also
marked by an apparent
turnabout by. the Minister
of Finance, Mr Dirk
Mudge, who said the Bill
made provision for the
Cabinet to decide not to
refer Proclamation AG 8
to the Constitutional
Council.

Until yesterday, Mr
Mudge had insisted that
AG 8 was a constitutional
matter and therefore had to
be referred to the Con-
stitutional Council. for
amendments to be discus-
sed,

Mr Shipanga alleged
there were new elements in
the Bill on which his party
had not been consulted.

These elements had also
not been included in the
proposals for setting up the
Transitional Government
which were presented to
the South African State
President in Cape Town.

Mr Shipanga referred to
a clause in the Bill which
says no bill which aims at
the repeal of the Rehoboth
Self Government Act, the
Representative Authorities
Proclamation and the con-
stitution of any represen-
tative authority, can be in-
troduced in the National

IPRS*SSA%85%081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA



IJPRS@SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

KATIMA ON MAINLINE--The main telephone trunk route from Katima Mulilo to
Rundu and Grootfontein has been completed and’ was commissioned on a trial
basis from 23 July, according to a press statement released by the Post
Office. The official commissioning of the route has been scheduled for

5 September. The physical trunk route of 522km is one of the longest in

the world, took three years to construct and cost R2,706,000. Although

this would improve the quality of service and eliminate past problems, direct
dialing to Katima Mulilo was still not available, the statement said. Calls
must be booked through the local exchange. [Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK
ADVERTISER in English 1 Aug 85 p 3]

FISHING CONCESSIONS--Windhoek--Namibian and South African delegations held
talks in Windhoek on Fridd4y on.the allocation of fishing concessions along

the Territory's’ coast, the SWABC reported. Mr Piet Kruger headed the Namibian
delegation and the Chief Director of Marine Development, Dr J Serfontein,
headed South Africa's representatives. The Director of Sea Fisheries in
Namibia, Dr Jan Jurgens described the talks as "very important" as fishing
concessions will be renewed at the end of the year. The results of Friday's
meeting will not be announced before the South African Minister of
Environmental Affairs, Mr John Wiley had been informed of what was said.--SAPA
[Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 29 Jul 85 p 4]

cso: 3400/920

83



IJPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

MASS MEDIA IN OCCUPIED NAMIBIA HIGHLIGHTED

Luanda SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN in English Jun 85 pp 22-27

[Text] ALL COLONIAL powers of the world kept their colonies under tight control
mainly through the use of military and police coercion. But the scope and depth
of anti-colonial feelings are such that physical coercion alone is no longer enough
to keep the colonial subjects in check, the mass media become another instru-
ment of maintaining the rule of the governing oppressive class. This is the case
today in occupied Namibia where much of the press and broadcasting services
are in the hands of the ruling minority, colonial settlers and their state.

Not only is there a dearth of informative news reports in the country,
but also when such reports are made, facts and events reported therein are
grossly distorted. Facts and opinions which speak for socio-political alternatives
to the present repressive and racist colonial order are ruthlessly suppressed or
withheld from the people. This is, of course, not surprising since the occupation
regime thinks that it is impossible for it to oppress the Namibian people and, at
the same time, "win their hearts” to the side of colonialism.

THE COLONIAL PRESS IN NAMIBIA

Much of what is printed, read or broadcast in Namibia comes from the
media monopolised by the South African colonialists. There are four settler-
owned newspapers in Namibia. These

The Windhoek Advertiser, an English language daily, Die Suidwester, a

weekly organ of the National Party (i.e. the local branch of Botha’s

ruling party in South Africa) published in Afrikaans, Allgemeine

Zeitung, a daily published by German speaking reactionary forces in Ger-

man, and Die Republikein, a daily newspaper in Afrikaans serving as a

mouth piece of the so-called Democratic Turnhalle Alliance.

Others are the Windhoek Observer and the Namib Times. Both weekly
newspapers are published in English language. The former is owned by a settler
businessman, while the latter is produced by the occupation regime in Namibia.
There is also one less important weekly paper called Die Joernaal. It appears in
Afrikaans and it, too, is owned by a local settler businessman.

. Two monthlies which should also be mentioned are Die Swaarthaak and
the South West Africa Boer or South West Africa Earmer. Both are published
in Afrikaans under the ownerships of some local settler business associations,

Altogether, the four main newspapers, the Windhoek Advertiser, Die
Republikein, Allgemeine Zeitung and Die Suidwester have an average daily
circulation of 21,000 copies.

38


JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

792 Sipho Finda (1067) Fort Beaufort
793  Mongoneli Madodana (1094) Port Elizabeth
794 Phinoile Mgxashe (1095) "

795 Gideon Miqua (1096) "

796 Victor Cengani (1097) "

797 Vusumzi Ngiwiti (1098) "

798 Zukesani Mnyazi (1099) "

799 lLorrince Nose : (1100) "

800 Mpulelo Harmans (1101) "

801 Boy Jack (1102) "

802 Zanoile Quinto (1103) "

803 Renwick Maxham (1105) Uitenhage

804 Welcome Ndamase (1230) Cookhouse

805 Eolane Kettle (1065) Fort Beaufort

Police Report 23 More Arrested
MB131248 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1242 GMT 13 Aug 85

[Text] Pretoria, 13 August, SAPA--Police said today an additional.23 people have
been arrested under the emergency regulations.

According to a list of names released by the police in Pretoria, 1,650 people
have been detained during the emergency.

At least 904 of these people have been released, 99 more than yesterday's
figure, according to the police list, although a police situation report
earlier said the release figure stood at 964 (and arrests at 1,646).

The latest people to be detained were named as (the numbering follows SAPA'S
earlier list):

Name Race/Sex Magisterial District
1628 Bingo Sobikwa B/M Albany
1629 Bennie Vewe " "
1630 Vuyani Gatyeni " Port. Elizabeth
"

1631 Johan Shamade "
1632 Alfred Tempani ‘ " "

1633 Mphupizi Moni " Albany

1634 Sicero Gakana " "

1635 Raymond Mokgati " Johannesburg
"

1636 Ephraim Phale "

1637 Donald Tsunke " "
1638 Alfred Magomezulu " "
1639 Apozpa Cheungane
1640 Daster Khubiku " Benoni
1641 Dimitrou Mavuso " Springs
1642 Victor Nuebene " "
1643 Eric Zwane " "
1644 Judith Mathodimojo " "

124


JPRS*SSATM85-081
3 September 1985

SIERRA LEONE

NEW TAX PROPOSALS
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 6 Jul 85 p 6

[Text] The new tax proposals are: Customs and Excise: (a) The Import
Licence fees and Invoice Entry fees on the under-mentioned luxury items
are increased from 30 percent to 40 percent ad valorem. Wine, spirits, carpets,
video recorders/reproducers, tape recorders, washing machines, television sets,

The export duty on diamonds and royalty on gold are increased from 3 to 5 per-
cent, ad valorem.

Immigration, the cost of new passports is raised from Le25 to Le50, passport
renewals from Le25 to Le30, multiple visas raised from Le30 to Le50, single
visas from Lel0 to Le20, non-citizens registration from Lel0 to’ Lel00 and
non-citizens (Africans) in gold and diamond business registration raised from
Lel0 to Le500.

Administrator and Registrar-General's Department: land taxes (per acre) central
Freetown raised from Lel00 to Le300 per acre. East and West of Freetown raised
from Lel0 to Lel50. Greater Freetown Area and other villages raised from

Le20 to Lel00.

Business Registration: Business name registration fees raised from Le4 to Le20,
certified copy of business name fees raised from Le2 to Lel0. Certified copy
of application fees raised from Le2 to Lel0, Sole Proprietor--Citizen registra—
tion fees raised from Le5 to Le25, Sole Proprietor--Non-citizen (African) raised
from Le50 to Le300. Sole Proprietor Non-Citizen (others) raised from Le100 to
Les00.

Partnerships: Domestic fees raised from Le50 to Le200, citizen fees raised from
Le150 to Le400, Foreign fees raised from Le250 to Lel,000.

Companies: Domestic registration fees raised from Le50 to Le200, citizen fees
raised from Lel50 to Le400, Foreign fees raised from Le250 to Lel,000.

Renewal of licences: Sole proprietors--Citizens fee raised from Le5 to Le25,

Sole proprietors--Non-citizens (Africans) fees raised from Le50 to Le300,
Sole Proprietors--Non-Citizens (others) fees raised from Le200 to Le800.

108


JPRS*SSA*85%081
3 September 1985

its purpose in quelling the unrest. While the unrest situation was being
brought under control, stability was once more returning, which is creating the
climate for peaceful negotiations and progress with the reform process aimed
at meeting the political, social, and economic aspirations of the country's

13 different black, white, and brown population groups.

In Europe, South Africa's foreign minister, Mr Pik Botha, also started a round
of discussions with American, British, Austrian, and other European government
officials, with a view to informing them of the South African Government's
intended new reform moves to meet the aspirations of the different population
groups. :

Next week President Botha will address the annual Natal congress of his ruling
National Party, and South Africans are optimistic that he may announce further
reforms and plans there, aimed at normalizing the situation in the country, and
taking it forward to the solution the majority of South Africans want.

Student Leaders View Mandela, Others As Heroes
MBO90700 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 85 p ll

[Second part of two-part series on "the average student protest leader" by
"Pretoria correspondent"]

[Text] Nelson Mandela, the imprisoned ANC leader, is frequently quoted by
student leaders in the black townships as their idol, hero and true national
leader.

This is hardly surprising in the current emotion-charged South African political
situation, but it is remarkable coming from young leaders many of whom were not
yet born when Mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment 22 years ago.

Many of the student leaders say they have a "vague idea" of why Mandela, now
at Polismoor prison, was sent to the Robben Island.

It does not seem to matter that they are not as familiar with the facts surround-
ing Mandela's imprisonment as would be expected. The important thing, they say,
is that Mandela's actions challenged the might of the "apartheid South African
Government" and that has earned him their respect and loyalty.

They see Mandela as the "only black leader who can unite our people and bring
us our freedom."

Other names mentioned are Bishop Desmond Tutu and Dr Nthato Motlana, chairman
of the Soweto Civic Association.

Some say they respect Chief Gatsha Buthelezi "as a man" but they do not regard
him as a national leader because of his "involvement in homeland politics."
They regard him as an ethnic leader, in spite of his past ANC connections.

They say his stand against "Pretoria-style independence for kwaZulu" is commen-
dable but that he should "never have gotten himself into that situation."

117



JPRS*SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

and (?comprehensive) sanctions on the racist regime. Let us. [word indistinct]
(?0n) the rejection of the inhuman apartheid system of the recently held

Forum 85 held in Nairobi to mark the end of the UN decade for women's equality,
development and peace prevail in our country. We call for the immediate
release of all political prisoners and detainees. Destroy the apartheid regime.
[words invernacular]. All power to the people.

Police Say 18 Arrested Since 10 Aug
MB121317 Johannesburg SAPA in Engiish 1315 GMT 12 Aug 85

[Text] Pretoria, 12 August, SAPA--Police said today 18 people were arrested
under the emergency regulations since Saturday. According to police lists of
the detainees, a total of 1627 people have been arrested since the emergency
was enforced 22 days ago.

A total of 805 people have been released, according to the list, although
a police situation report today said the figure stood at 696.

The people arrested were named as (the numbering follows-SAPA'S earlier list):
Name Race/Sex Magisterial District

1610 Jackson Johannes B/M Port Elizabeth
1611 Patrick Sojala " "

1612 Abraham Maneli " "

1613 Jojel Baka " "

1614. Zexolisile Grimme " Cradock

1615 Alfred Mzikulu " "

1616 Mskolie Pangiso " "

1617 Nonpirale Pefile | " "

1618 Oubaas Phiri " Johannesburg
1619 Derek Isaacs c/M Uitenhage
1620. Maartin Volstruis " "
1621 Jack Salter w/M "
1622 Martin Goliat c/M "
1623 Isac Tsotetsi B/M Benoni
1624 Mphumzi Ntanjana " Port Elizabeth
1625 Stanley File " Uitenhage
"

1626. Zamile Tapi "
1627 Vuyisile Spogfer " ad

The names of the 69 people released since Saturday are (the numbering follows
SAPA'S earlier list):

Name (No. on arrest list) Magisterial District
737 John Danati (958) Port Elizabeth

738 Albert Ngqokwe (959) "

739 Albert Tjibilika (960) "

740 Sipo Kofele (961) "

122


BRITAIN TO GRANT POST-GRADUATE SCHOLARSHIPS

Harare THE HERALD in English 1 Aug 85 p 1

[Text]

cso:

3400/909

BRITAIN may grant post-graduate
scholarships worth about $4 million to
more than 130 Zimbabweans this year,

The British High Commissioner to
Zimbabwe, Mr Ramsay Melhuish, told
the annual meeting of the Britain-
Zimbabwe Soclety on Tuesday that the
awards would be administered by the
Zimbabwean Ministry of Labour, Man-
power Planning and Social Welfare in
conjunction with ‘the British Council.

Britain will also offer short-term
visits, bursaries and fellowships this
year to about 100 Zimbabwean in a
wide range of programmes organised
by the council, .

Mr Methuish said Britain and Zi-
mbabwe were also involved in expand-
ing the army training camp in Nyanga
with the intention of training Moza-
mbican soldiers.

“We are bath involved in the areas
of preferential trade particularly as
regards the European Economic Com-
munity,” \

On Southern Africa, he said Britain
differed with Zimbabwe on the position
that econamle sanctions would bring
an_end to hpartheld in South Africa.
“We believe that as seen from the ex-
perience of this country sanctions are
marginal or counter-productive in per-
suading a white minority to surrender
power.” .

‘The effects of sanctions would be
felt by black South Africans and it
wag clear that South Africa had the
power to damage the economies of
fre. Frontline States, including Zimba-

re.

Mr Melhuish sald although the re-
lationship between Zimbabweans and
Britons had been a mixed one since
independence, tha two governments
were “getting more realistic about
each other, more used to each other
and more fond of each other”. .
@ <A Harare company director, Cde
Lawrence Vambe, was wnauimously
elected the new chairman of the
Britain-Zimbabwe Society during the
soctety’s annual meeting.

He replaces Cde Caston Nyawo who
atepped due té pressure of work

146

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

ZIMBABWE


BENIN

CONGO

GABON

GHANA

JPRS-SSA- 85-081

3 September 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
Briefs
Nigeria Donates Aircraft a1
Briefs .
U.K.-Funded Hospital 2
Briefs
Oil Tenders Invited 3

Saudi Loan To Aid Four Development Projects
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 5 Aug 85)...sseeseseeeceeceeeceves 4

Obeng Denounces Constructive Engagement, Praises Angola
(Breda Atta-Quayson; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 3 Aug 85)..... 5

Union Carbide Switches to Local Manganese
(Rose Hayford; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 9 Aug 85).......+.-. 6

Briefs
Parrot Exportations Banned 7
New Hungarian Ambassador 7
Egyptian Visa Requirement Lifted 8



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

FINANCING NEEDED FOR ROAD PROJECT WITH MOZAMBIQUE

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 20 Jul 85 p 3

[Article by Ernest Ambali]

[Text]

cso:

3400/880

TANZANIA and Mozambique

‘are looking for a financier for the -

construction of the road and
bridge to link the two countries,
the National Assembly was told
yesterday.

The project is estimated to
cost both countries 876 million
Tanzanian shillings. Tanzania’s
contribution is estimated at
325.5 million shillings, the House
was told. ‘

The Minister of State for
Communications: and Works,
Ndugu Guntram Itatiro, said the
two countries were looking for a
financier through SADCC — the
Southern Africa Development
Co-ordination Conference.

“Last year (1984) the African
Development Bank (ADB)
showed interest in helping us to
secure financiers for the project.
“But this would be after the
economic and technical
feasibility study is presented to
different financiers,” Ndugu
Itatiro explained.

Earlier, ADB had prepared
terms of reference for the
feasibility study which had been
scrutinised by both governments
which made necessary changes,
he said.

According to the new designs,
the bridge would be 700 meters
long. The Tanzanian‘ side’ of the
road would be 70 kilometres and
MbziltHbique 145‘kiluttiétres.

Under the old designs, the
bridge would have been 560
metres long, or more than half a
kilometer. The road on_ the
Tanzanian side would have been
90 kilometres and __ the
Mozambican side would have
been 150 kilometers, he said.

The whole project was then
estimated at 532m/-. Tanzania
would have contributed 206m/-.

140

“Ndugu Speaker, the Unity.

Bridge will be constructed near
Newala on the ‘lanzania side and
near Mocimboa do Rovuma on
the Mozambican side,” Ndugu
Itatiro said.‘

He was replying to a question
Ndugu -M.  Gwaya
‘unduru), who wanted to know
when would the Unity Bridge
and highway between the two
countries built and their.
estimated cost, ,

TANZANIA


AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT NOW PEGGED AT 40 PERCENT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 Jul 85 pp 1, 11

[Text]

cso:

FOREIGN investment in
agriculture would now be limited
to 40 per cent instead of 80 per
cent in accordance with the pro-
vision of the Enterprises Promo-
tion Decree. Head of State.
Major-General Muhammadu
Buhari, has told Radio Nigeria,
Kaduna. :

He said the initial policy of con-
ceding 80 per cent investment to
foreigners was opposed after ex-
haustive debate among
agricultural experts from all the

tes.

states.

General Buhari said the deci-
sion to reduce foreign investment
by half was taken to reconvile the
matter so that government and

ivate sector investment would

60 per cent.

‘We added that the foreign in-
vestors had not responded to the
new policy and it was apparent
that this was because they prefer-
red the original plan which gave
them 80 per cent equity.

‘the head of state assured that
nobody would be permitted to in-
vest in Nigeria for nothing mere-
ly because the country was in
economic difficulties and ex-
plained that any foreign investor
was out te make profit and would
not participate if the negotiation
was too much in our favour. -

He said the vast land in the
councry was more than enough
for both foreign and. local
farmers and would be more
beneficial to the nation, adding
that people were sometimes un-
necessarily apprehensive
‘because tney did not like fo-
reigners.

3400/902

101

Speaking on the reorganisation
of River “Basin Development
Authorities, General Buhari ex-
plained that it was intended to
cater for the small-holder
farmers who produced 80 per
cent of the nation’s farm produce.

He said in their previous struc-
ture, the River Basin Develop-
ment Authorities wasted money,
resources and ipment as a
result of which ‘he government
did not realize its objectives in
establishing them.

With decentralisation and
strict supervision, he said, the
small farmer would be the center
for development and could-derive
more benefit than allowing river
basin authorities to engage in
large-scale farming.

On. bank loans for agriculture,
the Head of State said the NACB
had received government
assistance to enable it disburse
about one million Naira to each
state pointing out that the bank
was the channel for government
assistance to small farmers.

Big-time farmers had been
directed to negotiate for loans
from commercial banks or mor-
tgage their property, he added.

JPRS*SSA*85=081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA



KATOFA CASE RAISES VITAL CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 2 Aug 85 pp 3, 5

[Article by Jean Sutherland]

[Text]

This was said by counsel
for Mr. Katofa, Mr Jeremy
Gauntlett, in the Windhoek’
Supreme Court yesterday.

Arguing for his im-
mediate release, he pointed
out that Article 2 of the
Bill, as laid down in the
State President’s proclama-
tion (R101 of 1985) es-
tablishing the new govern-
ment and its powers, said:

“No one shall be
detained for an indefinite
period of time without a
fair and proper ‘trial by a
Court.”

Further, the proclama-
tion stated that all existing
legislation ‘continued sub-
ject to the proclamation. If
this excluded existing
security legislation it had
to be spelt out as had been
the case in
Bophuthatswana, Mr
Gauntlet said.

Yesterday’s case arose
out of an urgent. applica-
tion brought against the
Administrator General, Dr
Willie van Niekerk, and the
Officer Commanding the
Windhoek Prison, Colonel
J Robberts, for the right to
legal access and release of
Josef Katofa brought by

his brother, Mr Nikodemus'
Katofa. {

The Court ruled that im-
mediate legal access should
be granted and that the
AG should show cause by
August | why Mr Katofa
should not be released.

It was agreed between
the parties in court yester-
day that, as a sequence of
law, the Cabinet of the new
government now replaced
the Administrator General

. as the first respondent.

In reply, counsel for the

: Cabinet, Mr Jan Hugo

‘ submitted an affadavit by

the Chairman, Mr David
|. Bezuidenhout.

In it, Mr Bezuidenhout

' said. after ‘perusing all the

‘reports relating to’ the

detention of Katofa, he *

was satisfied that the then
Administrator General was
entitled to be satisfied that
Josef Katofa was “a
person who committed or
attempted to commit or
promoted the commission
of violence or intimidation
of persons envisaged in ..-
Proclamation AG 26 of
1978.

61

THE CONTINUED holding of a detainee, Josef’
Katofa, under security legislation Proclamation
AG 26 was in direct contravention of the Bill of
Fundamental Rights entrenched in the proclama-
tion establishing the new government.

Mr Hugo argued if the
Administrator General and
Mr Bezuidenhout were
satisfied, this was sufficient
for the continued deten-

tion.

Mr Gauntlett submitted,
however, that it. was not
sufficient for mere satisfac-
tion to be expressed.
Reasons needed to be
given.” This could be done
without . prejudicing state
jsecurity, he added.

He also argued that Mr
[Bezuidenhout’s _affadavit
\ was defective, He had fal-
‘Jen between constitutional
stools. .°”

It was not Sufficient, he
maintained, © for Mr
Bezuidenhout to say he
had’ been authorised to
supply an affadavit. He
needed to say “the Cabinet
had decided” or he had
been authorised by the
Cabinet.

Further, Mr
Bezuidenhout said he was
satisfied the AG was
satisfied. “It is bizarre
second-hand jurisdiction,”
Mr Gauntlet said. “It is
Alice in Wonderland”.


The other basic flaws in “constructive engagement” is the sinister
injection of an East-West ideological dimension into what is a straight-forward
issue to end white supremacy in South Africa and colonialism in Namibia. The
Reagan administration's rantings about sc led Soviet eXpansionism in
Southern Africa is nothing else other than an effort to draw a red herring across
the trail. The US President must however, know that this would not frighten us
to stop Stating the objective fact that the Soviet Union and Socialist countries
are our natural allies in the struggle against white supremacy. colonialism and
imperialism

The policy of “constructive engagement” therefore, has been exposed as
nothing more than a camouflage for Washington's shameful collaboration with
the apartheid state to keep the majority of the people of South Africa in per-
petual bond: The prolongation of the life tenure of that white minority state
is desirable to the Reagan administration because the apartheid regime is
regarded as a bastion of anti-communism in that part of Africa. The continued
existence of that state will, according to Ronald Reagan, give free reins to the
operations of the transnational corporate monopolies in the whole Southern
Africa, and to make the policy plausible, an imposing array of deception has to
be built around it. “Constructive engagement” was made out to appear as if
it was intended to help speed up reforms in South Africa, On the contrary, it
has helped to embolden the apartheid regime and made it more arrogant. It was
also proclaimed by its authors:to have as one of its main goals the independence
of Namibia, but the fact is that, it has contributed greatly to the delay of that
independence. “Constructive engagement” was, furthermore, said to be aimed
at bringing about peace in Southern Africa, but it has only helped to intensify
the armed tensions in the area, as a result of Washington’s blocking of Namibia’s
independence and the US intention to step up support to the UNITA bandits in

ngola.

47



UNDERGROUND ARMS SMUGGLING ROUTE DISCOVERED

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 23 Jul 85 p 16

[Article by Ike Okonkwo]

[Text]

cso:

A MAJOR supply out-
let ‘of sophisticated
farms and ammunition to
the underworld has been
discovered in Otukpo,

A combined team of
postal services staff,
security personnel and
crack detectives, swoop-

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

ed on a neatly dressed
young man as-he took
delivery of a large
quantity of live ammuni-

NIGERIA

Benue state.

A competent
office source hinted that
the ammunition
numbering 658 rounds
was concealed carefully
inside a zink-like box.

My source noted: “It
would only take a
vigilant eye to detect the
funny package and tip
off law-enforcement
officers’’,

The box was neatly
stacked with books
before the ammunition
was packed in the centre
and books were again
used to cover the top of
the package, he
explained,

‘The man who was
arrested in connection
with arms deal, said it
‘was meant for somebody
residing in the United
States of America. The
police public relations
officer for Benue police
command, .Mr Michael
Nwosisi, confirmed the

3400/897

96

tion_from_Otukpo Post

Office.

incident, and added that
the police in the state
believed it had smashed a.
major supply route of
ammunition to men of
the underworld.

No doubt, it could not
be-entirely ruled out that
some arms and
ammunition have found
their way into the
country through the use
of post office services,
the public relations
officer said.

He sata tnat the police also
believed that some: robbers
operating with sophisticated
weapons received their supplies
from the suspect and his likes,

Mr Nwosisi called for
increased co-operation from
the public, pointing out that
the police would not relent
their effort to flush out
undesirable elements in the
society,


Survey, the Central Bureau of Statistics should have the courtesy to explain
the reasons for making those revisions, The regular revision of figures
makes it difficult to analyse long-term trends in Kenya's economic
progreas--or lack of progress, Regular revisions also create serious doubts
about the importance one should attach to the provisional date for 1984 pub-
lished in Economic Survey 1985 and the relevance of the economic policies
that will be made on the basis of such statistics.

CSO: 3400/847

21



JPRS*SSA*85=081
3 September 1985

KENYA

ECONOMIC SURVEY 1985

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 19 Jul 85 Financial Review Supplement
pp 12-13

[article by J, T, Mukui]

[Text] Kenya's gross domestic product (GDP) at constant prices increased by
a wee 019% in 1984, compared with 3.5% in 1983 and 1,8% in 1982, The rate of
population increase is estimated at 4% per year, which gives a negative growth
rate of 3,1% in real GDP per capita for 1984, The GDP per capita is a more
useful statistic than total GDP because the former takes into consideration
the fertility of both the people and the soil on which they depend, Avail~
able statistics show that due to the economic recession and the strain on
natural resources, Kenyans are more fertile than their land: the rate of
population growth was 4.5 times the growth of total GDP

Growth in the traditional economy (3.4%) exceeded growth in the monetary
economy (0,8%), Since the monetary economy is 94,3% of total GDP, the low
growth of the monetary economy had a significant impact on the growth of total
GDP.

The fast growth rate in the traditional economy is not surprising. Since the
country is undergoing economic strain, it is possible that households have
slowly been retreating towards subsistence and self-suffiency because the
market economy tends to be risky. Due to the drought in Kenya that persisted
for four years, many peasant farmers probably stockpiled cereals in their
family granaries because there was no guarantee of obtaining such cereals at
the right time and at reasonable prices once the family stock of cereals be-
came depleted.

Countervailing powers, however, should have reduced the gap between the growth
rates of the traditional and monetary economies, As the degree of "monetisa-
tion" of the economy increases, the traditional economy declines, A portion
of the reported growth in the monetary economy merely consists of transfer
from subsistence to monetary economy, rather than an improvement in total GDP.
It is also possible that reported growth in the traditional economy is a by-
product of the difficulty of quantifying production in that sector.

The economy performed differently from sector to sector. The fishing industry
in both the traditional and monetary sectors declined by 12,6% in 1984,

17



Mercedes 200 and 230E saloon cars has
not materialised, although former Presi-
dent Shehu Shagari gave a go-ahead order
in 1983.

Newswatch gathered that approval has
already been given for ANAMMCO to
assemble and market a commuter type
inter-city bus, to compete with the
popular Toyota Hiace model. If indica-
tions coming from the company are
reliable, transporters might be getting a
new option very soon,

The company is not quite sure what to
do about the question of obtaining a
sizeable proportion of its industrial raw
materials locally. Virtually all parts to be
assembled are imported as completely
knocked down (CKD) from West Ger-
many. Only tyres are obtained in Nigeria
and suppliers are believed to be lagging
behind in meeting deliveries. About six
Nigerian firms were recently given con-
tracts to supply glass, bulbs and a few
other items.

While the opinion is common that in-
terference by Anambra State government
is almost non-existent, the company
shakes under the weight of intra-ethnic
politics. The division within the manage-
ment ranks aiv.ig such lines is palpable
and it was explained that the number of.
previously highly placed but ‘now retired
civil servants working in the company
makes the situation unhealthy and
destructively competitive. Obviously, the
absence of a blow-out does suggest that
the ill-effects of such divisions are being
taken care of.

CSO: 3400/898

100


JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

LIBERIA

STUDENT SPY SCANDAL UNDER PROBE
Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 22 Jul 85 pp 1, 6

[Text] A special investigation board has begun probing circumstances sur-~
rounding the arrest last Wednesday of 14 students, some of whom are accused
of passing on to Soviet diplomats “classified information on various military
installations in the country."

The board set-up friday by the Head of State and headed by Ambassador—At~
Large, T. Boyd Nelson, include B/General Mansfield Yancy Co-Chairman;
Counsellor Ephraim Smallwood, Former Ambassador Joseph Graham, and former
Ambassador James Morgan.

Others are Justice Minister Jenkins K. Z, B. Scott; Major Patrick [name in-
distinct, Minister of National Security; Major General Kpenkpah Y. Konah,
Deputy Chief of Staff; Mr, Wilfred Clark, Director of Police; Rev. Alfred G,
Reeves, Bishop/United Holy Church of God in Christ and Rev. Victor Stryker,
former Moderator, Presbytery of Liberia.

The 14 students were arrested at about 9:30 p.m. on the night of July 17
while they were leaving the Soviet Embassy.

A government announcement said some documentary evidence was retrived from
the students and is in the possession of the Liberian security forces.

The President of the University of Liberia, Dr. Joseph G. Morris, Friday
disclosed that eleven of the fourteen students are from the university of
Liberia, including two from the Medical College.

He identified them as Sumowu Pewu, Joe Wyllie, Meti Toe, Thomas Du, Wiwi
Davis, Abraham Kipi, Isaac Flomo, Serenah York, Lyton Mabande and Abraham
Hun,

The names of the two students of the Cuttington University College and one
from Monrovia College were not revealed,

Dr. Morris, who was addressing a gathering of faculty and students on the
university campus, said the two students of the Medical College, had earlier
asked him to help process their travel documents to enable them to attend a
conference in the Soviet Union,

29



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

SIERRA LEONE

NEW CIVIL SERVICE PAY INCREASE ANNOUNCED
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 20 Jul 85 p 8
[Article by Eve Langba]

[Text] The new pay increases announced recently by government is just a stop-
gap measure to maintaining the living standards of the people until the outcome
of the commission that will review the salary structure of the civil service,
the minister of finance, Mr Joe Amara-Bangali told Parliament while winding the
five-day debate on the 1985/86 budget.

The minister highlighted some of the problems facing the agricultural sector
and said he was of the opinion that subsidies do not benefit the ordinary people
for which they are meant citing the distribution of the staple food, rice as an
example.

The minister referred to measures which the government has adopted to increase
the flow of foreign exchange earnings both in the domestic and foreign sectors.

On the domestic sector, Mr Amara-Bangali said the measures include the creation
of the Precious Minerals Marketing Company (PMMC) which apart from generating

18 million dollars from exports, still show hopes of increasing that amount in
the next financial year.

On the mining sector, the minister told MPs that government is to review
retention facilities enjoyed by mining companies. As a first step,

Mr Amara-Bangali disclosed that Sierra Rutile Company has invited the govern-
ment financial authorities to a meeting with the parent company in Ohio,
United States, later this year to review retention policies.

In his contriibution, the Parliamentary Special Assistant in the Ministry of
Works, Mr Ahmed Sesay called for a policy of consolidation with regards to
projects undertaken by international organisations.

Mr Sesay observed that so many internationally financed projects are abandoned

and other projects started, arguing that such projects should be handled one
after the other so as to ease the debt burden on the nation.

110


‘GLOOMY' EMPLOYMENT FUTURE FORECAST

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Aug 85 p 5

[text] “,n ESTIMATED five

cso:

million people will be
jobless by the year -
2,000, Mr Roly Clark,
manager of the IBM ;
SA (Corporate Re-
sponsibility) told the -
National Federated |
Chamber of Com- .
merce 2Ist anniver- |
sary conference at |
Sun City, Bophut-
hatswana this week.

He said by any stan*
dard it’s a staggering
number of people to
have without work, but
for South Africa it spells -
chaos, hunger and econ- !
omic disaster. ;

“Job creation should
be classified as a matter ;

. of national urgency. We “
* can’t afford to treat it as
a problem somewhere
ahead in the future. The .
problem is right here
' with us now.

“The drought and the
recession have com-
bined forces to put thou-
sands of able-bodied
people out of work. And
the brunt of retrench-
ment has been felt mos!

* by those who’ van.witl
stand it least — the
black people,” he said.

Mr Clark added: §
“Qur problem is to find -:
the motivation to take ‘
the correct actions now.
that will prevent this
from happening. Tai-
wan, Korea and more -

3400/919

recently the United?

States provide us with-}

plenty of examples of j

what can be achieved
; when the motivation is

there.” A

He said there was a.

\ vicious circle involved in
_Baining access to the *
niévessary finance for
} blacks seeking money to

start businesses.

“We have to change
“the criteria by which
+ would-be. businessmen
; qualify for loans. If we

are not prepared to take

the tisk involved in pro-
viding venture capital,
we: will never optimise
E economic growth in this
area,” he said.
He cited the following
as other areas for poten-
ial job creation:
f: Craft industries; new.
} export markets; import
“substitution; changing
artisans into entrepre-
eneurs; franchising;
transport and domestic
service; catering, service
based operations . - .
, and many others.

He also called on Naf-
coc to assist in helping
others to become busi-
nessmen and employers
in their own right.

131

JPRS@SSA*85~081
3 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

SWAPO REFUTES GENERAL MEIRING'S CLAIMS
Luanda SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN in English Jun 85 pp 3-4

[Editorial Review]

[Text] PLAN TAXES PRETORIA IN BLOOD AND TREASURE

ON THE June 18, George Meiring, head of the South African army
of occupation in Namibia, held a military briefing for journalists in
Windhoek, on the state of the war which is going on in Namibia.
Among many other things, he told the pressmen that the military
tide was turning against SWAPO. In his words, he said: "We have
not won the war yet, but we are in thé process of winning”’.

In making this wild, and empty claim, Meiring repeated the
well-known _ strategic objective of the apartheid state regarding
Namibia. He proclaimed that within "the next couple of years”
the war would end in Namibia and SWAPO would merely remain
as political organisation.

Obviously Meiring. made this most optimistic statement on
a mistaken belief according to his own admissjon to the pressmen,
that the’ population in Namibia was now prepared to give in-
formation to the South African occupation army for monetary
gain. He would, however, not hide the fact that wishful thinking
aside, the war in Namibia was actually escalating. He confessed, for
instance, that "during May and June this y: SWAPO had picked
up quite a lot” in its attacks and sabotage activities.

About sabotage, he said in the period under review, 4,000 kg
of explosive were used in attacks on enemy-installations by SWAPO.
He also admitted that the armed liberation Struggle in Namibia was
tying ‘down some 40,000 South African soldiers in the northern
Namibian war sector alone. This is apart from the forces deployed .
in other parts of the country to guard hey economic and communica-
tion installations. This is, of course, a deliberate understatement of
the very high number of enemy troops now actively deployed in the
zone of combat in north-central, north, north-eastern and north-
western areas of Namibia.

Meiring admitted that the war was costing South Africa
1 million Rand a day.
Dr, Johan Jones, Secretary for Finance in the South African
4 colonial administration in Namibia, also told the gathered journalists
that the war was costings the apartheid regime 175 million pounds
ayear.

He made extravagant and totally self-deceiving claims that
SWAPO’s military strength had declined in recent years and that a
total of 345 SWAPO fighters have been killed or captured this year
for the loss of only 24 South African soldiers. General Meiring at
least confirmed, through his briefing, that there was no let-up in the
armed struggle in Namibia.

53



On food production and distribution, the minister of finance said that in
the field of agricultural self-sufficiency, there is still much to be desired.

Though government had in the recent past and up to this day had been importing
a substantial proportion of rice to feed the nation, the system of distribution
is still a lamentable state of affairs.

The problem is compounded by the fact that even with government's good intention
of markéting the rice at less than cost price, the consuming public--the
intended beneficiary--is denied this by distortions in the distribution
mechanism.

The finance minister explained that this practice of selling rice at below cost
price is an expensive issue that this nation can ill-afford.

Government is therefore reviewing this policy of rice subsidy, the financial
“minister said.

cso: 3400/905

107



COMMENTARY ON PROCLAMATION AG 8

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 31 Jul 85 p 3

[Article by Joe Putz]

[Text]

Proclamation A G8 has by now generated enough
debate to distort the constitutional issue beyond recogni-
tion.

With emotional temperatures rising daily and increas-

ing polarisation between Left, Right and Centre

the coherence of the Transitional Govern-

ment, it’s time for somebody to blow the whistle and ask
Sor injury time. *

The root cause of the present confrontation is the fact
that AG 8 ceased being a constitution long ago and has
instead become a symbol of all the frustrations of blacks
in the general left of politics.

As a result the proclamation carries so much political
baggage that NOBODY can defend it and survive
politically in the long run.

AG8 IS DEAD!

In fact all parties in the National Assembly have
stated their preparedness to either abolish or rewrite
AG8.

So what is all the argument about?

Two issues, of which one relates to content and
politics and the other is more an issue of form and

The argument about the correct method of dealing
with AG 8 centers on the one hand around whether the
National Assembly or the Constitutional Council is the
proper forum for dealing with it, and on the other
whether AG 8 can be scrapped now before a replacement
constitution has been written.

Those in favour of scrapping it immediately, also in-
sist it be dealt with in the NA and that the Proclamation
by State President Botha empowering the Interim
Governmemt is already a replacement constitution,

Those who propose modification, insist the Con-
stitutional Council is the place to deal with all matters
constitutional and that AG 8, albeit in a changed form,
must survive until an alternative is complete.

Seen from the outside and without any knowledge
about what happened behind closed doors in Cape
Town, the issue SEEMS straightforward:

1. AG8& was and is still part of the country's con-
stitutional legislation. .

71

JPRS*SSA*85*+081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA



requirements and the possi
exports.

It sounds ironical to some farming
observers therefore for BAT to say it has
no intention of registering more tobacco
farmers when the prospects for the future
expansion of the crop appear to have
already been taken care of. Records show
that the new plant completed in 1983 at
the cost of sh.106 million was estimated to
process green leaf for both local consump-
tion up to the turn of the century and

‘. possibly beyond, 2

ity of

cso; 3400/848

23



CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT TO BE SUPPLIED WITH ARMS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 27 Jul 85 p 10

[Article by Tajudeen Yusuff£]

[Text]

CSO:

THE Department of Customs
and- Excise will now be supplied
with armouries, sufficient arms
and ammunition consistent with
its status as a para-military
organisation and the needs of the
department.

This followed the acceptance
ay the Federal Government of.
the various recommendations
made by the study group on
customs and smuggling to com-
bat the nation-wide menace of
smugglers.

In a white paper issued in
Lagos on Wednesday on the report
of the study group, the federal
government also accepted to sup-
ply the department with fast
patrol boats and mandated it to
establish a liaison with the navy,
the air force and other security
agencies for additional
assistance.
4As a result of the development,
the Customs and Excise Depart-
ment will now have access to
helicopters and light air-craft for
its operations.

According to the white paper,
the government would in addition
to improving the physical re-
quirements of the department
also institute planned training
facilities to improve professional’
efficiency of customs staff.

On the fate of existing staff of
the department found wanting in
the knowledge of their functions,
the government accepted the

3400/901

89

recommendation of the study
group to screen them through
organised tests. Those who could
not meet up with the required
standard would be sent back for
retraining.

The government however said
that the staff of the department
found still deficient at the end of
the re-training would be remov-

ed.

in the bid to. insulate the
department. from undue in-
terference by, other statutory
bodies, the government accepted
the recommendations of. the
study group. relating to the
restructuring of the department,
and the setting,up ofthe customs
and immigration. board. The
board: would, among others, “ex-
pedite action on promotion of
eligible - officers in the depart-
ment and also remove bot-
tlenecks caused by reference of
customs personnel matters to the
civil service commission.

Meanwhile, the government
has said it would not leviatefrom
the present practice of placing all
trade goods under licence.

This is because thé policy ‘is
aimed at preventing the battered
economy of this country.’ This
was sequel to the rejection of a
recommendation of tne study
group which called on the federal
government to consider the pre-
sent practice of placing all trade
goods under licence and to
urgently remove some of the
items to open general licence.

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA


SAUDI LOAN TO AID FOUR DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 5 Aug 85 p 8

[Text]

cso:

3400/912

SAUDI Arabia is pro-
viding a £1,696 million
(32 million United Sta-
tes dollar) loan for the
development of four
in the country.
A total of £530 million
(ten million dollars) goes
to.the establishment of a
science college and grain
storage facilities and. the
rest will go into the reha-
bilitation of some hospitals
as well as the Tema and
Takoradi Harbours.
This was disclosed to
newsmen at the Kotoka

_International Airport on

Saturday night by the
leader of a. three-man
technical team of the Sau-
di Fund for Development
on arrival in Accra for final
discussions with govern-
ment officials.

Mr Abdullah Al-Subal
who is the head of the West
Africa Desk of the Fund,
pbserved that Ghana was a
leading recipient of ti
loans and hoped that this
latest loan would further
strengthen the  co-
operation between the two
countries.

Mr Al-Subal said the
Saudi Fund was involved
in some 250 projects in La-
tin America, Asia and
Africa to the tune of seve-
ral hundred million dol-

13.

On the 32 million-dollar
loan to Ghana, he said the
agreement will be signed
next month during a visit
of another delegation to
enable work to start on the
science college and the
grain storage facilities im-
mediately.

Mr Al-Subal said the
five-day visit of the tech-
nical team was a follow up
of previous exchange of vi-
sits between Ghana and
Saudi Arabia.

The delegation was met
at the airport by officials of
the Ministries of Finance
and Economic Planning,
Foreign Affairs and the

di Arabia Ambassador
in Ghana, Mr Anwar
Abdarabuh, — GNA

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

GHANA


cso:

3400/920

2. The Proclamation empowering the Transitional
Government was an “interim constitutional device” to
allow the new government to write a replacement con-
stitution.

3. The Constitutional Council would be pointless and
need not be created if it was not intended for the writing
of a constitution.

have been intended as a‘constitution, otherwise it would
have pre-empted the powers of the TG before it existed,
" When it comes to matters of content and politics,
oposing attitudes have widened over:

1, When and whether to scrap A G8 totally, or, if it is
retained, ~ .

2. To which extent it should be

shai ogi dendacdneny- vier secipwadinash ron
tegration of government functions across all race
riers. At the same brid “Abolitionists”,

regional and ‘ethnic’ .

They are (off the record) prepared to concede private
ethnic schools and ‘cultural councils’ to protect purely
cultural minority interests.

Backers of modification are generally concerned with
protecting as much of the second tier.

Although there appears to be generous scope for
negotiation and an ultimate meeting of minds, the argu-
ment has been increasingly radicalised by frustration
and suspicion in recent weeks.

To the Modifiers we say the political symbolism sur-
rounding this Proclamation poisons any modified ver-
sion from its inception and one shouldn't start a “new
era” in politics with plastic surgery or constitutional

beating.

To the Abolitionists we -vould advise that one cannot
expect to wipe the slate clean of ALL ethnic influence on
governemnt in this country-overnight and expect nobody
to twitch,

Not with powerful and politically seasoned tribalists
around,

Have the Abolitionists forgotten that the ‘ambassador’
of the ‘independant Republic of Rehoboth’ is a member
of the National Assembly.

Everybody agrees that tribalism is the cancer of
Africa, BUT IF IT COULD BE ABOLISHED BY
LEGAL OR CONSTITUTIONAL PROCESS IT
WOULD LONG AGO HAVE DISAPPEARED off the
Jace of the continent.

Instead it is on the increase ,and not only in Africa.

In fact the best way to revive it, is probabaly to try and
Sorcefully stamp it out. _ .

Nothing like reminding you of your tribal identity
than a threat to its existence,

The only effective cure for tribalism is probably to
seduce people away from it and let time take care of the
issue. Raping it will not make people lose interest.

ree where does this leave our present “crisis” in the

A plague on all their houses if they do not get their act
together - that is the reality.

72


BANK VOICES CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM ON ECONOMY

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 2 Aug 85 p 6

[Text ]

DESPITE THE downward trend in economic ac-
tivities, Bank Windhoek increased its profits,
deposits and assets as well as its share of the
market, the bank’s Chairman, Mr D van Huyssteen
said in his annual report for 1985.

Economically the past,
year had been a difficult
one in many ways for
Namibia, Mr Van Huyss-
teen said.

“The economy of
Namibia is undoubtedly.
linked to conditions and
events occurring in the
RSA and circumstances
beyond our control, such
as the relatively poor

_ agricultural conditions, the.

strong US Dollar and the
weakening of the exchange
rate of the Rand, and the
deficit on the balance of
payments which, in the
case of South Africa
worsened because of the
lower Dollar/gold price,
forcing the authorities to
introduce strict: monetary
and fiscal policies. This
resulted in interest rates
soaring to record heights,”
he said.

The result of the forego-
ing was an appreciable
slowing down of economic
activity, an increase in un-
employment and financial
problems for many
business houses. In short,
most sectors: of the
economy had to cope with
circumstances which made
heavy demands on
management in order to
protect their profit
margins.

78

The Chairman said ex-
ceptions were, and still are,
the export firms which
where doing well because

* the lively international
trading conditions and the
weak Rand.

“There are = many
business firms which have
already succumbed to the
financial struggle and there
are many who are fighting
to survive.

“The living standards
per capita of the public
plummeted and the man in
the street finds it in-
creasingly difficult to
balance his budget,he said.

It was clear therefore,
that the Bank had to do
business in an economic
climate which made heavy
demands on __ bankers.
Greater financial risks had
to be borne in mind.

Bad debts could not be
avoided.

Cash flow problems of
businesses had to be close-
ly watched—a factor which
was ‘aggravated by rising
costs and in which the high
‘interest rates played a very
significant role.

Over and above this,
management had to con-
sider the financial implica-
tions of the ruthless com-
petition amongst banks.

IJPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA


ZIMBABWE

Britain To Grant Post-Graduate Scholarships
(THE HERALD, 1 Aug 85)....cecceeeeeeteeeesneeseeeeeceseees

Government To Launch Program To Deal With Squatters
(THE HERALD, 2 Aug 85)...sccccecccceecccececceeeseeseerees

Three Farm Unions To Merge Soon
(Chemist Mafuba, Wilberforce Zweni; THE HERALD, 2 Aug 85).

Minerals Marketing Corporation Minerals Sales
(THE HERALD, 1 Aug 85) ...seeesesceccsccecccerscerecoeereee

146

147

148

149



JPRS*SSA*85~081
3 September 1985

SIERRA LEONE

FINANCE MINISTER BANGALI PRESENTS NEW BUDGET
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 6 Jul 85 pp 3, 6
[Article by Eve Langba]

[Text] Less than 24 hours after being appointed Minister of Finance,
Mr Joe Amara Bangali presented in Parliament on Friday what political analysts
and economists termed a "workers budget."

In his hour long Budget Speech, the Minister of Finance disclosed amidst
deafening applauses both from the Chamber of Parliament and the crowded gallery
that the threshold limit at which resident employees start to pay income tax
has been raised from Lel,800 per annum to Le2,400.

The reason, Mr Amara Bangali said, was to ease the financial burden on a large
number of low income earners.

The minister also disclosed that government will increase salaries, wages and
pensions of public officers with effect from 1 July, this year.

The increase, according to Mr Amara Bangali will range from 20 percent at the
top to 30 percent at the bottom.

This means that personnel expenditure in 1985/86 will reach Lel22.1 million as
compared to Lel86.7 million in the 1984/85 fiscal year.

The minister reviewed major developments in the international economic scene
and highlighted those that affected our economic prospects,

He disclosed that at the last annual general meeting of the International
Monetary Fund, Sierra Leone was elected to membership of the Interim Committee
of the fund to represent Africa constituency(1) comprising 17 other states.

This interim committee, the minister explained, is the general policy making

body of the fund and Sierra Leone's membership provides this country the
opportunity to articulate the concerns of the member states.

106


TAX CUT, PAY FREEZE PROPOSED TO SALVAGE ECONOMY

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 2 Aug 85 pp l, 3

[Text]

A CALL FOR significant tax reductions and a
two-year public and private sector pay freeze has
been made by the Chairman of the Afrikaanse
Sakekamer, Mr Christo van Niekerk.

Outlining a comprehen-
sive economic package to
help put the country back
on its feet, Mr Van Niekerk
hit out at the system of
subsidies and the Govern-
ment’s reduced spending
on capital projects, and
said cuts had to be made in
current expenditure.

Mr Van Niekerk was ad-
dressing the first congress
of the Afrikaanse
Sakekamer in Windhoek
this morning which was at-
tended by many of the
country’s top civil ser-
vants.

He said that in order to
make provision for the
fiscal drag of inflation on
personal income tax, there
should be a lowering of the
marginal rate from the pre-
sent maximum of 42,9% to
a maximum of 30%.

This would mean that
“particularly professional
people and businessmen in
one-man businesses or
partnerships would spend
less time and trouble trying
to avoid the heavy burden
of tax.”

Mr Van Niekerk also
suggested that income tax
should be scaled down so
the maximum would be fix-
ed at about 20%, _

76

The Central Govern-
ment would not be
detrimentally affected as
personal tax was allocated
to second tier authorities.

Along with tax cuts,
neither the private nor the

public’ sector should award
pay increases for the next
two years.

This would immediately
stimulate the economy by
placing more money in the
pockets of the consumer
and would’ have a
moderating effect on infla-
tion in the medium term.

Mr Van Niekerk said
company tax should be
placed on a sliding scale in
the same way as personal
tax. The marginal rate
should be higher, however,
than that for individuals —
perhaps 40% on incomes
higher than R100 000.

These measures should

“be seen as “a sincere at-
tempt to encourage in-
vestors and entrepreneurs
to invest and to develop in
this country of ours which
is bleeding to death from
disinvestment.”

Mr Van Niekerk said
private fixed investment in
Namibia had declined from
R166,5 million in 1975 to
R36,7 milion in 1983.-“I
believe that this amount is

~ even smaller today.”

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA


CROP PRODUCTION INCREASE EXPECTED IN BAUCHI

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 24 Jul 85 p 24

[Text]

cso:

CROP production in Bauchi
“State is expected to rise by 30
per cent this season, Commis-
sioner for Agriculture and
Natural Resources, Alhaji
Dahiru Jibir Gombe, has said.

Briefing newsmen in Bauchi
on Monday, he attributed this
anticipated increase to “‘the
intensive extension. services
and the adequate supply of in-
puts.” .

of land area
ion, the com-
missioner said, increased by
two per cent in all the four
agricultural zones of the state.

He said an increase of 10 per
cent was recorded in maize
cultivation in three zones. In
‘they northern zone with its
millet concentration, a 50 per
cent. increase in production

due to better rains, was ex--

pected.

The commissioner,
however, said the forecast
depended on continued good
rainfall and the absence of
moisture stress during critical
periods of growth.

Alhaji Dahiru said 15,500
tonnes of fertilizer out of the
state’s allocation of 71,530 ton-
nes for this year from the
Federal inistry of
Agriculture had arrived.

3400/898

He said as a result of
distribution delays from
Lagos, the ministry, in con-
junction with the Bauchi State
Agricultural Development
Programme and the Bauchi
State Agricultural and Supply
Company, pleaded with the
Federal Ministry to allow the
state to organise the haulage
of its allocation, and the re-
quest. was granted.

Alhaji Dahiru said in addi-
tion to fertilizer inputs, 498 ox-
ploughs, 1,334 water pumps, 29

litres of herbicide and 430 ton-
nes of different variety of
seeds were made available to
farmers in the state, between
April and June this year.

The total sales of fertilizer
and other inputs during the
period, the commissioner add-
ed, stood at 5.5 million Naira
as against 7.3 million Naira
for the whole of last year.

He said this was an indica-
tion. of increased awareness’
among farmers in the use of
modern inputs and_techni-
ques.

Speaking earlier on rainfall

distribution, se commis-’

sioner said the otal average
rainfall for this season stood’
at 205.11mm for che state.

102

JPRS*SSA*85=081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA


JPRS#*SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

BAUCHI GOVERNMENT TO REGULATE RELIGIOUS PREACHING

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 27 Jul 85 p 16

[Article by Abubakar Umar]

[Text]

cso:

ANY religious denomination in
Bauchi State caught using elec
tronics to broadcast insultive,,
provocative messages or use
abusive language to incite con-
Aempt would be banned from us-
ing such electronics completely.

This is one of the provisions
contained in Religious Preaching
Edict 1985, already signed by the
state Governor. Brigadier
Mohammed Sani Sami, and made
known to newsmen in Bauchi by
the Solicitor-General, Alhaji
Hassan S. Mohammed, on Thurs-

dav.

‘The edict, which is to regulate
religious preaching in the ‘state,
provides for Islamic and Chris-
tian religious preaching commit-
tees at emirate or traditional
council areas.

The Islamic Religious Commit-
tee consists of: the emir, chief or
principal chief as chairman.
members are: chief Imam in the
headquarters of local govern-
ment area, divisional police of-
ficer or divisional police officers
a local government area or
areas. .
‘Others are: officer or officers
in charge of Nigerian Security
Organisation in the local govern-
ment area or areas and not less
than six other members whom
shall be Islamic religious

scholars of high repute to be ap-
pointed by the governor in con-
sultation with the relevant
emirate or traditional council.

The Christian Religious Com-
mitee also consists of the emir,
chief or principal chief as chair-
man, the DPO or DPOs in the
Jocal government council area or
areas.

3400/896

87

Others are officer or officers in
charge of the Nigerian Security
Organisation in the local govern:
ment ‘area/areas, and not less
than six other members who shall
te Christian religious scholars
of high repute to be appointed by
the governor in consultation with
the Christian Association of
Nigeria (CAN).

The functions of the commit-
tees are: receipt of application
for preaching licence. determining
and regulating the qualifications
required for any person to
become a religious preacher.

They are: also to consider and
approve application of. persons
wishing to become preachers, to
issue licence to any person
qualified to become a religious
preacher, and to open and keep
register of. preachers granted:
such licenses.

The edict provides that the
playing of religious cassettes and
the use of loud speake
amplifiers and other electronic
equipment in public places, or
residential buildings or places of
worship in such a way that would
constitute public insults or incite
contempt of any religious
denomination in such a manner
that would likely lead to disorder
attracts 300 Naira fine or six
months’ imprisonment or both.

Similarly, any body who aids,
abets, or counsels the use of the
electronics against the provision
of the edict would be fined 200
Naira or three months’ imprison
ment or both.

NIGERIA


JPRS*SSA*85=081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA
BOTHA'S "INTERIM GOVERNMENT": AN ACT OF BRINKMANSHIP
Luanda SWAPO INFORMATION BULLETIN in English Jun 85 pp 16-21
[Text] IN THE face of signs of doom that have begun to emerge in the apartheid

system, Pretoria’s streak of brinkmanship has become more and more pro-
nounced. Condemned throughout the world for its recent abortive sabotage
attempt on Angola’s oil installations in Cabinda and the raid on Botswana,
the Pretoria regime took a further step into the world of isolation.

‘Acting in brazen defiance of the wishes of the Namibian people and
world opinion, racist South Africa installed a puppet administration, under the
guise of an "interim government of national unity”, in Windhoek on June 17,
Gauged by these recent actions, Pretoria’s policy is quite clearly bent on upset-
ting the whole of Southern Africa through aggressive, destabilising military
attacks.

* Nothwithstanding Botha’s declaration that in deciding to install the
“interim government” he was not "acting in a manner irreconcilable with the
international settlement plan” of the Namibian issue (ic. UN Secuyity Conncil
Resolution 435), it is very clear to SWAPO that the grafting of the Multi-Party
Conterence (MPC) puppets into the occupation administration of South Africa
is nothing but a first step in Pretoria’s plan to unilaterally grant Namibia
“independence” similar to that of its own tribal Bantustans. The long-term
objective of this exercise is of course not to loosen the Pretoria regime’s grip
on Namibia, but to entrench it. The real intention is to outflank Resolution
435. . -

The swearing-in of the puppet administration by P.W. Botha was attend-
ed by much of the same type of pomp and circumstance which usually surround
the installation of “homeland” governments in the South African Bantustans.
But the fact needs to be stated that installation of a puppet administration in
Namibia will not in any way reduce Pretoria’s heavy financial and manpower
burden of maintaining a very unpopular and illegal occupation in our country.
For instance, because South Africa was aware of the unpopularity of the MPC
puppets, it was afraid of the threat of disruption of the puppet show ceremonies
over which Botha went to preside in Windhock. Against this background, South
Africa put on a big show of military might in a calculated attempt to intimidate
the Namibian people, on one hand, and to reassure the nationally isolated

55



March 7: An enemy military truck was damaged beyond repair when it
detonated a landmine laid by PLAN sabotage units at Ondema, 6km north-west
of Okongo.

March 13; At Edimba, 86km west of Oshakati, four (4) telephone poles
were demolished.

March 15: Our sabotage squad demolished enemy bulldozers
Reg. No A 19575 at Omahenge, 65km north-west of Oshakati.

March 17: An enemy casspir truck detonated a doubled landmine at
Onamahoka, 34km north of Ondangwa. An unknown number of all occupants
were killed and the truck was completely destroyed.

March 18; Four (4) enemy soldiers were killed-and five (5) others wound-
ed when their gruck hit a doubled landmine at Odibo, 57km north of Ondangwa.

March 21: Our sabotage squad blew up a water pipeline between an
enemy military base and Ruacana Waterfalls..This was damaged extensively and
it took three (3) days for the enemy to repair it.

March 25: A doubled landmine blew up an enemy military truck at
Endola, 42km north of Ondangwa. Six (6) enemy soldiers were killed in the
blast.

March 27: A doubled landmine blew up an enemy truck at Ekololo,
38km north-east of Ondangwa, six (6) enemy soldiers were killed and several
others wounded.

March 29: A PLAN sabotage team successfully blew up, beyond repair
the Oshikuku bridge, 27km north-east of Oshakati. This extensive damage is
valued at R15,000.00.

March 29: A PLAN sabotage squad demolished a water pipeline at
Oshali, 10km south-west of Ondangwa. The water pipeline was leading to the
enemy base in the area.

March 29: An enemy buffalo truck hit a landmine at Omagalanga, 60km
north of Ondangwa. None of the unknown number of occupants survived in the
blast.

’ March 30: Five (5) telephone poles were blown up at Ondukuta, 85km
west of Oshakati.

April 2: Two (2) telephone poles were demolished at Onampila, 17km
west of Oshakati.

April 2: A water pipeline was successfully demolished between Oshakati
and Ruacana at Oshitutuma, 37km north-west of Oshakati. The supply of
water to Oshakati was off for five (5) days.

April 3: A water pipeline leading to an enemy base was blown up at
Oheti 62km north-east of Ondangwa.

April 4: An enemy casspir truck detonated a landmine 6km north of
Oshakati. All the occupants were killed and the truck was completely destroyed.

April 5: Another enemy casspir truck detonated a landmine in the same
area 6km north of Oshakati. Five (5) enemy troops were wounded and the truck
was damaged beyond repair.

April 9: A PLAN sabotage squad demolished a culvert between Oshakati
and Oshikuku.

51

ate


MP UNCONSTITUTIONALLY BARRED FROM MEETING

JPRS*S8A=85=08)
September 1985

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 26 Jul 85 p 15

[Text]

BEFORE last month’s Kanu grasroot
and national. elections, Mr. Martin
Shikuku, the MP for Butere had for a long
time been calling on those politicians who
had party posts but who had lost in the
'1979' parliamentary elections to vacate

their party posts. Shikuku’s argument |

was that having lost their parliamentary
seats, such politicians could not claim a
popular mandate to represent the elec-
torate in party- affairs. It was, therefore,
expected that Shikuku.would try his best
to capture a party. post at the locational,
sub-branch and/or branch level in the
recent Kanu elections.

One of the politicians Shikuku frequen-
tly clashed with was the then Butere
Kanu ‘sub-branch chairman, ex-chief
Richard Litunya, who was one of those
expelled from the party for his association
with the former minister for con-
stitutional affairs, Mr. Charles Njonjo.
With the ouster of Litunya from the
party, observers thought. that it would be
plain sailing for Shikuku to capture the
Butere sub-branch chairmanship.
Political events that took place in
Kakamega District just prior to the party

elections, however, culminated ‘in not |
only Shikuku but also two other MPs in |

his political camp in Kakamega failing to
get elected to any party post in the dis-
trict. .

Just before the elections, Shikuku and
the two ‘MPs, Mr. Joshua Angatia
(Lurambi North) and Dr. Elon Wameyo
(Mumias), launched a series of ‘scathing
attacks on the district administration,

13

accusing the DC, Mr. Nicholas Mberia of
threatening democracy.in the area and
favouring the minister for local govern-
ment, Mr. Moses: Mudavadi, in an
attempt to have him re-elected
Kakamega branch chairman. Although
Wameyo managed to get himself elected
sub-branch chairman at Mumias,

-Shikuku chose not to contest ‘any party

post, either at the grassroots level or
nationally. Two -local dailies, however,
carried reports to the effect that he had
lost his Manyala sub-location chair-
manship. Shikuku was not amused by the
reports and said that he had made it
publicly known even at the national
assembly, that he would not contest any
party post.

This week, Shikuku found himself at an
embarrassing ‘situation’ when he was
barred ‘from attending the Butere sub-
branch executive committee meeting by
the local DO, Mr. Mathew arap Kirui.
The meeting had been convened to
introduce the newly-elected party officials
and Shikuku had attended it by virtue of
being the area MP. When the sub-branch
chairman, Mr. John Okwara, noticed his
presence, he drew this to the attention of
the DO, who told Shikuku to leave the
meeting. According to the DO, Shikuku
had no business attending the meeting,
since he had not been invited and he was

KENYA



cso:

Our approach to information is underlined by conscious effort to un-
cover the cause-and-effect of relationship between events and to evaluate such
events by exposing reasons for their occurance, studying their possible impli-
cations for society and focusing on them the attention of the public, It is also
underlined by our journalists’ increasing awareness of the addressee — their
audience. In this connection, our journalistic activity does take into account
the age, sex, level of education and socio-political understanding — the so-

‘called social demographic factors — of the recipients of our information.

Against this background, there have recently appeared a number of irregular,
semi-legal periodicals for workers, such as, The Namibian Workers, for women,
like, the Namibian Women, and for young people and students, such as, The
Namibian Students News. Publications are being distributed in factories, mii ing
centres, urban neighbourhoods and rural communities, and they are providing
vital information and messages of anti-colonial agitation. Together with the
SWAPO literature, they make-up a powerful informal media which form an
important part of the progressive public opinion in Namibia. They do, in other
words, contribute to the overall struggle against the manipulation of our
society by the reactionary colonial mass media.

In conclusion, it can be correctly said that the mass media situation in
Namibia constitutes one of the main arenas of the antagonistic confrontation
between the forces and ideas of repression, on one hand, and those of libera-
tion and social progress, on the other. In this regard, there is the colonial mass
media whose central task and Primary purpose is to dupe the public opinion
in the interest of South Africa’s illegal occupation of our country, and the
emerging anti-colonial mass media which seeks to expose colonial injustices and
to expand the frontiers of human freedom in oppressed Namibia. The latter is
increasingly gaining ground, as the former declines along side the dying social
order that it serves.

3400/921

42


alliances than ever before were clearly evident among vast cross-section of the
oppressed population. The labour movement, the students, the church and a
long chain of community organisations joined hands in an active and sustained
political action in opposition of the apartheid regime. About one million
students boycotted class against the inferior Bantu education system. Tens of
thousands of workers took to industrial action against class exploitation which
is carried out through the racist ideology and policies of apartheid.

‘This widespread, unified and increasingly militant popular opposition
to the regime served to refocus world public opinion away from the deceptions
of “constructive engagement” to the fundamental problem at issue. For
example, the mass rejection, of the so-called new constitution. especially the
election boycotts, made many people all over the world better understand that
the plan was a total fraud. It was not designed to dismantle but to entrench the
apartheid system.

Coinciding with the election boycotts was a long chain of uprisings
in black townships across South Africa over-higher rents and the increased cost
of living generated by South Africa’s present economic recession and costly
war in Namibia and Angola, On the other hand, the regime stepped up its
repression. The depth and scope of that repression, which has accompanied this
mass political action in South Africa, is explained by the fact that as of this
month, about one thousand people have been killed since September last year.
Thousands of others have been wounded. By October, the regime had deployed
a combined force of 7,000 troops and police into the African townships of
Sebokeng, Sharpeville and Boipatong to conduct a repressive house-to-house
search of some 225,000 people. Political detentions become ever more wide-
spread, Then came a dramatic increase in the number of political trials.
Massacres followed one mass funeral after another.

It was against this background that many people throughout the world,
inchiding quite a few in the US Congress, began to decode the emerging signs
of a deepening and broadening crisis in South Africa; the world then began
to sce many more popular organisations and individuals than ever before in the
West urging Western investors to hold back their capital from South Africa and
begin to assess the possibility of coming to an understanding with the real
custodian of the future affairs and state of South Africa, namely, the South
African national liberation mevement, led by the ANC.

With all this, the signs of doom in the myopic motives of “constructive
engagement” began to emerge. Reagan's demand that the Boers should be given
more time, began increasingly to ring hollow. Many people, including a good
number of members of the US President’s own party are now raising the salient
questions, Time for what? Is it time: for the apartheid regime to fortify its
position and entrench its racist policies or is it time for it to face realities? Has
Pretoria not had much time? The victims of the apartheid policies have
absolutely no more time to give to the regime. Hence, the Reagan admini-
stration’s arguments that positive efforts are being made in South Africa to-
wards change, and, as such, the world, or at least the West, should be more
helpful to the white minority regime, have become increasingly vapid and
irrelevant.

One of the flaws in the US conservative thinking, which is responsible
for the shortsighted policy of “constructive engagement”, is the misguided
faith in the survival of the South Africa white minority state. This faith is
based on a widely exaggerated View of the Botha regime’s invincibility. But, as
mentioned before. it is false to talk of an invincibility of a state which certainly
cannot count on more than 70% of éts population to come to its defence. Still
more. in the face of the rapidly deteriorating political situation in South Africa,
Pretoria’s active defence perimeter has become wider and longer than ever be-
fore. I now inchides the whole of Namibia and dozens of black townships in
South Africa itself. Its borders stretches over 3.200 km, cutting across Angola,
Mocambique and Zimbabwe. And. with the rising tide of draft dodging and
ever-widening gaps between South Africa's requirements for military and in-
dustrial manpower, the regime has resorted more and more to the use of
mercenaries. especially with regard to its military campaigns in Namibia. How-
ever, the futility of any nation which relies on mercenaries for its defence is
obvious,

46


POLITICAL UNITY BASED ON SKIN COLOR UNACCEPTABLE

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 30 Jul 85 p 3

[Text]

Mr Mudge said he
believed the country’s
Central Government
should be organised on a
party political basis as
ethnic confrontation in the
National Asembly would
have disastrous results.

Political cooperation
should cross the borders of
ethnic and language groups
and. should be exercised
within a wider political
community.

Mr Mudge said these:
were issues that would
have to be considered by
the body to be established
by the Constitutional
Council Bill.

He said he believed a

consensus government was
not practical in Namibia’s
circumstances where there
was not one ruling party,
but Ministers representing
different interests.

Mr Mudge said the Con-
stitutional Council would
also have to look at the
shortcomings of Proclama-
tion AG 8, but although
the Proclamation - would
obviously lapse once a new
constitution was created, it
had certain useable cle-
ments that could be kept.

He pointed out three
méthods by which the ex-
isting system could be
changed without issues be-
ing referred to the Con-

cso: 3400/920

POLITICAL REPORTER
POLITICAL UNITY based on skin colour was
dangerous and totally unacceptable, the Minister of
‘Finance, Mr Dirk Mudge, said in the National As-
sembly yesterday when introducing. a Bill. fox the
establishment of a Constitutional Council.

stitutional Council.

Use could be made of an
article in the Proclamation
establishing the Govern-
ment which provided for a
committee which could
report on existing laws and
initiate legislation on laws
which infringed a fun-
damental right.

A second method was
an amendement to AG8
which made provision for
the Central Government to
take back functions of a se-
cond tier authoritiy in cer-
tain circumstances.

A third possibility was
to negotiate with represen-
tative authorities in order
to remove unnecessary ir-
ritations,

The Bill introduced by
Mr Mudge makes provi-
sion for a Constitutional
Council which will in-
vestigate the present con-
stitutional dispensation and

, Make recommendations to

the Cabinet on the drafting
of an independence con-
stitution for the country.

Within three months of
receiving the Council's
final recommendations, the
Cabinet will have to put
the constitution to a pop-
ular test.

75

The Council will consist
of 16 members nominated.
by parties in the Tran-
sitional Government and
will be chaired by a judge
or former judge of the
Supreme Court of South
West Africa or the
Supreme Court of South
Africa,

The Council will be able
to appoint experts to help it
in its deliberations and will
make progress reports to
the Cabinet every three
months.

The term of the Council
will be !7 months. Its
procecdings will not be
open to the public.



PLAN TO RAISE TAZARA WAGES

‘THE. Ministerial Council of the
Tanzariia-Zambia Railway
‘Authority (TAZARA) _ has
directed the Authority to study
the possibility of reviewing,
upward the workers’ salaries as
an incentive for increased per-
formance.

‘The Minister for Communica-
tions and Works, Ndugu John
Malecela, said in Dar es Salaam
yesterday that the move was
‘among several steps taken by the
Council in order to reduce oper-
ational costs.

The. Council, decision was
taken at its one-day meeting held
at the TAZARA Headquarters
in Dar es Salaam on Thursday to
review measures to revamp the
joint Tanzania-Zambia railway.

The meeting, attended by the
Zambian Minister of Power,
‘Transport and Communications,
Ndugu Fitzpatrick Chuula, and
two ministers of state, reviewed
the performance of TAZARA
during the past. year and was
“satisfied that it was a good
year”, Ndugu Malecela said.

The Council’ deliberated at
length on the 72 recorimenda-
tions by a joint committee com-
prising Tanzania, Zambia. and
Chinese experts.

The experts had recom-
mended that the two TAZARA
workshops at Dar es Salaam and
Mpika which make spare parts
for the rolling stock, Ee utilised
fully by TAZARA itself and
other institutions:

The workshops are currently
operating at about, 40 per cent
capacity.

The reduction of overtime

ayment which has been very
igh, was among the recommen-

137

JPRS*SSA%85°081
3 September 1985

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 20 Jul 85 pl

dations made. TAZARA
headquarters alone spent 14m/-
on overtime last year.

The exports also suggested an
increase in demurrage charges to
customers who delayed clearing
their cargo thus affecting the ,
smooth turnaround of wagons.

Ndugu Malecela later, com-
mended the TAZARA manage-
ment for presenting the Autbor-
ity’s accounts for. 1984/85 to
auditors on time.

The financial position of
TAZARA by June 30, 1985,
showed that the Authority made
a turnover of 723m/- which was a
surplus of 331m/-. However,
depreciation stood at 120m/- and
a loan interest. payment of
27.7m/- brought down the profit
Jevel to 83.398m/- — the highest
todate.

Ndugu , Malecela attributed

the exemplary performance to »

an improvement on mainte-
nance of the permanent way,

+ improved imotive power, han I

ing more cargo and passengers.

Regarding remittances,
Ndugu Malccela said by Thurs-
day this week, the Bank of Zam-
bia had remitted 89,124,820/- to
the TAZARA Headquarters in
Dar es Salaam. Another S7m/-
was deposited by Zambia into
the Bank of Tanzania account in

_ Lusaka awaiting to be sent over.

In order to avoid fluctuations

‘caused by devaluations, the

Council agreed to institute a
Unit of Account of the Preferen-
tial Trade Arca (UAPTA) which
will take effect on August 1, this
year. Details of the UAPTA
were not immediately known.
Meanwhile, Ndugu Malecela
paid tribute to the People's
Republic of China, the builders

TANZANIA



994
995

997

998

999

1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
41019.
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024

cso:

Elkner Neondeselwa

Constance Mehlomekulu

Jabulani Makhafola
Elliot Nyembe
Tehmba Malukeka
Joseph Ditshego
David Skosana
Abel Mabena

Japie Makoena
Rodney Twala
Jacob Zwane

Jabu Nonluvu
Welcome Dlangamane
Philemon Sidu

Jan Mabola

Caleb Mamatsade
Nkamane Zolile
Simon Mahlangu
Collin Nappies
Collin Nkosi
Hosea Machere
Wilson Magadulela
Luwlyni Skhumbuso
Teddy Martin
Erich Nkomo
Wilfred Shenyani
Wiseman Maduna
Dickson Booysen
Nicolaas Molebatsi
Lazarus Moketsi
Heroldt Gumede

3400/910-F

(1267)
(1268)
(1269)
(1270)
(1272)
(1219)
(1220)
(1221)
(1222)

(991)

(989)

(988)

(990)
(1350)
(1351)
(1422)
(1305)
(1272)
(1215)
(4317)
(1319)
(1320)
(1322)
(1324)
(4325)
(1326),
(1327)
(1328)
(1329)
(1342)
(1321)

130

Benoni
"

Kempton Park
"

Benoni
"

"

Steytlerville

Johannesburg
"


JPRS*SSA*85=081
3 September 1985

EGYPTIAN VISA REQUIREMENT LIFTED--Egyptians no longer require visas before
entering Ghana, Mr Fathi M. El-Gewely, the Egyptian Ambassador in Ghana,
disclosed in Accra yesterday. Speaking to the Ghana News Agency, Mr El-Gewely
said this directive was passed on to him by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
two weeks ago, According to the ambassador, Ghanaians have been travelling

to Egypt without visas since independence and this action by the Ministry

of Foreign Affairs was a positive sign in the relations between the two
countries. He hoped the step would go a long way to strengthen the good
relations between Ghana and Egypt.--GNA [Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC
in English’ 6 Aug 85 p 5]

cso: 3400/911


STRIKE SEEN AS WORKERS' ULTIMATE WEAPON

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 5 Aug 85 p 7

{Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text ]

STRIKES in South Af-.,

rica have become a fun-
damental and ultimate
weapon in the hands of
workers and employers
are going to have to
Jearn to live with them.
Strikes in this coun-

try,after ailul1l in1983,

have escalated at an
alarming rate, a labour
relations consultant has
declared. :
The reasons for
strikes are manifold and
labour expects are not in
full agreement over the
causes. However, it ap-
pears most are the re-
sults of economic factors
and conditions such as
union recognition, ordi-
nary grievances and
“unfair dismissals”.

Problems

It also seems that
community problems

and political issues are -

involved.

The proposed strike
called by the National
Union of Mineworkers
(NUM) has economic as
well as political ingre-
dients which Andrew

Levy Labour Consul- ,

tants described as “the

biggest industrial rela- ;
tions bombshell since -

1922.”

The union has voted
for a national strike on
August 25 in support of

132

wages, working condi-—

tions and the scrapping
of apartheid laws in the
mine industry — job re-
servation.

It has also called on
the State President to
withdraw the state of
emergency and to with-
draw the threat to repat-
riate migrants. NUM is
definitely taking a politi-
cal direction.

Other unions which
went on strike for politi-
cal reasons include the
Fosatu affiliate National
Automobile and Allied
Workers’ Union
(Naawu). The members
at Volkswagen in the
Eastern Cape downed
tools after it was learnt
that the company was.
going to give vehicles to
the New Zealand rugby
players who were sup-

. posed to tour the coun-
try.

Unity
The trade union unity
talks aimed at forming a

place again in Johannes-

* “super federation” takes -

burg today amid confu- .°

sion and tension among
the participating unions.

Two federations, the
Council of Unions of
South Africa (Cusa) and
the Azanian Congress of
Trade Union (Azactu),
representing 18 unions,
will not participate in
the talks.

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


armoured car was destroyed. Six (6) enemy soldiers perished and four (4) others t
were wounded. .

March 14: PLAN combatants attacked Ogongo enemy military base with
mortars and machinegun fire. Heavy casualty was inflicted on the enemy.

March 15: A section of PLAN combatants supported by one (1) 82km
mortar successfully attacked and annihilated an enemy base at Ogongo near
the Agricultural Centre, some 42km north-west of Oshakati. Seven (7) enemy
troops were killed during the attack and a great number of materials were algo
damaged extensively.

March 16: PLAN combatants ambushed two (2) enemy trucks at
Okadiva, 52km north of Ondangwa, during this battle, one (1) truck was
destroyed and the other one was damaged. Four (4) enemy soldiers perished
and several others were wounded.

March 18: PLAN combatants intercepted a well known South African
agent .Niilo Andreas near his house at Okahao 90km west of Oshakati. Four
(4) members of his reinforced bodyguards were killed.

March 18: An enemy soldiers were killed when a section of PLAN
combatants attacked an enemy +base at Omahenene, 55km north-west of
Ondangwa.

March 18: An enemy buffalo truck was completley destroyed when it
hit a landmine at Onekwaya-east, about 35km north of Ondangwa. Eleven (11)
enemy soldiers were killed and several others wounded.

April 13: A squad of PLAN fighters attacked the kraal of a puppet
Simon Mathias at Uukuuvu, 72km south-west of Oshakati. Several defending
bodyguards were killed or wounded.

May 3: PLAN cadres killed seven (7) enemy sodiers and destroyed one
(1) truck, 20km north of Ondangwa. ‘

May 4: PLAN combatants attacked a group of false guerrillas in the
surrounding of Okankolo. Two of them were killed.

May 10: One (1) of Koevoet soldiers was eliminated at Engela.

May 13: The Oshakati military base came under a well calculated attack
by PLAN combatants. Many enemy soldiers were killed and several others were
wounded.

MINE EXPLOSIONS AND SABOTAGE ACTIONS

March 1; Five (5) telephone poles were demolished between Oshakati
and Oshikuku.

March 2: Our sabotage unit blew up nine (9) telephone poles at Tsandi,
62km west of Oshakati.

March 5: Two (2) telephone poles were blown up between lindangungu
and Ongha, some 20km north of Ondangwa.

March 5: ‘Three (3) enemy soldiers were killed and four (4) others
wounded when they detonated a landmine at Oilyateka, 43km north of
Ondangwa.

‘March 6: Eight (8) telephone poles were demolished between Oshakati
and Ruacana.

50


NIGERIA

Bank Voices Cautious Optimism on Economy
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 2 AUG 85) ec ecceccccsccecescescece

New Initiative Proposed on Agriculture
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 31 Jul [ee

Niekerk Calls for More Economic Farming Sector
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 2 AUG 85) cece cence cecccseeceeees

Briefs
Detentions in North
Concordia College Pupils
Khomasdal Road-Tarring
Katima on Mainline
Fishing Concessions

Niger State Aids Southern African Liberation Movement
(Musa Ilallah; SUNDAY TRIUMPH, 28 Jul >

Navy Takes Cost-Saving Measures
(SUNDAY TIMES, 28 Jul 85)...ccccceccececcececcsccececeececs

Traditional Rulers to Steer Clear of Local Government
(NEW NIGERIAN, 26 Jul 85).....ccccecccceceeceecececceceeees

Bauchi Government To Regulate Religious Preaching
(Abubakar Umar; NEW NIGERIAN, 27. Jul 85).......ccccceececes

Government To Merge Customs, Immigration Departments
(NEW NIGERIAN, 24 Jul 85)......cscecececececececeeccccceces

Customs Department To Be Supplied With Arms
(Tajudeen Yusuff; NEW NIGERIAN, 27 Jul 85)......cccececeees

Buhari Insists Negotiations With IMF Will Continue
(NEW NIGERIAN, 25. Jul 85).....ccccccccececececececececceees

Buhari Stresses Inevitable Failure of Apartheid
(DAILY TIMES, 27 Jul 85).... cece cece cece ese cececncececeee

Manufacturing of Military Hardware With Korea Discussed
(Olu Adebayo; NEW NIGERIAN, 23. Jul 85)......... cc eeeeeeeces

Soldiers Assured of Modern Weaponry Training
(Mathew Onwudinjo; NEW NIGERIAN, 23 Jul 85)......

Labor Leader Chiroma Claims Workers Pushed to Wall
(Ibrahim Salihu; NEW NIGERIAN, 26 Jul 85)......cecceeeeeees

78

80

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94


NO CHANGE IN NP PRINCIPLES, SAYS KOSIE

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 31 Jul 85 p 1

[Text]

POLITICAL REPORTER

JPRS*SSA*85-081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

THE NP’s COMMITMENT to the
entrenchment. of minority rights in any
constitution and: the importance of se-
cond tier authorities was strongly reaf-
firmed by party leader Mr Kosie
Pretorius in a speech last night.

“Amalgamation between
political parties. is an illu-
sion,” Mr Pretorius told a
public’ meeting,~ denying
rumours of an impending
alliance with the
Republican. Party.

There were those, he
said, who in these days of
national reconciliation mis-
interpreted what was hap-
pening.

However, he added,
cooperation between - par-
ties on matters of common
agreement was possible if
they were prepared to act
in a mature and responsi-
ble way.

Mr Pretorius: said the
‘NP had stood’ firm on the
principles it had been given
a mandate for by voters
five years ago.

One of the main princi-
ples was the party would
reject independence unless
provision for the protection
of minority rights was
guaranteed and entrenched
in a constitution.

Referring to the NP’s
representation in the new
government, Mr Pretorius

cso: 3400/920

said “to negotiate you have
to be on the field of play”.

“And in the fight for
minority rights I can say
the NP is the party that
has achieved the most.” ”

He emphasised the NP’
had no mandate from its
congress or voters to do
away with ethnic
, authorities or minority
rights.

“But we do have a man-
date to negotiate.”

He also stressed the
right to own education was
not a negotiable point but
methods could be discus-
sed he said.

-The NP .stood for
change but with the reten-
tion of identity, principles
and self-determination.

Mr Pretorius said the”

Aktur constitution drawn
up in January 1983 made
provision for talks with
any group.

The Multiparty
Conference. was exactly
what was proposed in the
Aktur constitution.

“The National Party
may have made conces-
sions on methods, but the
principle‘has not changed,”
he said.

67

He acknowledged: that:
negotiating was a “a risky
sort of politics” and that
you had to be careful you
didn’t end up in a situation
from which you could not
escape.

But the'NP could not al-
low itself to be edged out.

Every ili to
be explored as long as prin-
ciples were not affected.

If the only difference
was method, there was no
need to upbraid and
reproach one another.

“Why can’t we all stand
together and democratical-
ly build a.future for. our

‘ country?” he said.



CUT BACK ON TOBACCO GROWING ©

JPRS*SSA°85°081
3 September 1985

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 19 Jul 85 p 25

{Text]

BAT: Kenya Ltd has announced that it
will not register any more tobacco farmers.
because the crop was already being over-
produced for the needs of the company.
Making the announcement last week, the
BAT leaf manager, Mr. B.N. Mureithi, as
quoted by the Kenya News Agency,

further said that even those farmers wwho :

had already been contracted by BAT to ;

grow the crop risked being barred from
growing it unless they plucked’ mature
leaves. Mureithi also warned tobacco
farmers who failed to plant trees or build
barns for their tobacco that even they
would in futtire “not be allowed to grow
tobacco”.

BAT’s tough measures and the stated
aim to keep the acreage under tobacco to
the present figure, come as farmers have
increased demands to be contracted by
the company to grow the crop. Reacting to
BAT’s statement, the chief executive of
the Kenya National Farmers Union
(KNFU) Mr. Joseph Waweru, said that
his organisation has received persistent
pleas frori farmers, particularly in South
Nyanza and Kisumu districts, to have
BAT expand the tobacco. growing
programme ‘into those areas. Saying that
tobacco. was now: regarded..as’ an, alter-
native .caslierop. because of the fluc-
tuating fortunes of crops like pyrethrum,
tea and coffee on thé internatiortal
imarket, Waweru hoped that BAT, in con:
junction with the government, would be
able to find alternative markets: for the
extra. crop which it would not require for
its domestic needs. He said that it was
KNFU’s feeling that if BAT had any other
psoblems with tobacco farmers, such as
the*question of plucking mature leaves

22

and:planting of trees, those are problems
which could be sorted out.

According to BAT’s propectus released
in 1982, there were about 10,000 farmers
cultivating'some 4,600 hectares of tobacco
in Kenya. Fora farmer to. qualify as a
BAT tobacco grower, he must have
sufficient land not only to grow tobacco
but also for their own food crops.
Individual farmers must grow a minim
of 0.3 hectares each. In Kenya, three prin-
cipal types of tobacco are grown, namely
Virginia leaf which is’ flue-cured; Dark

i Virginia and’ Dark
tobaccos both req woodfuel in curing
proces
farmer to-graw enough trees-to be self:
sufficient in his woodfuel requirements.
To process the increased locally grown
tobacco, BAT established a green leaf
threshing plant at Thika in 1978 with
initial throughput of 1,500 kg per hour or
250 tonnes of leaf a month on single shift.
The plant was considered at the time to
he capable, by operating on triple shift, of
processing all likely quantities of tobacco
that Kenya could reasonably expect to
produce in the foreseable future. The
BAT prospectus indicates that by 1982.
BAT had designed a new plant capable of

handling the increased production of ,

green leaf which then stood at about 6,300
tonnes. Initially, the plans drawn up in
1979 provided for a plant capable of han-
dling 6,500 kg/hr, which according to the

> prospectus was at the:time thought large

enough to cope with locally grown Kenya
tobacco well. into, the 1990s. In, 1981, the

- plant's Gapacity was’ upgraded to. 8,000

kg/hr, to allow for the growth in domestic

re-cured and Burley.,

es, and the company requires each ,

KENYA


Some of the motions passed by the congress were:

--that the NP confirm its policy regarding second tier governments, Christian
and civilised standards and insist that NP members of the Constitutional
Council defend these principles.

--that participation of the NP in the government be conditional on the under-
standing that the retention of minority rights, second. tier governments and
sources of revenue ‘be non-negotiable and that’ any changes to these basic
rights would only be possible by consultation.

--that supplementary examinations be reintroduced for matriculants.

--that the party should not make any concession on the racial integration

of all schools, special schools as well as teachers training institutions and
culture~orientated-educational facilities.

cso: 3400/920

65



MIWARA RTC NETS PROFIT

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 20 Jul 85 p 5

[Text]

cso:

3400/880

“THE Mtwara Regional Trading

Company (RTC) realised a net
profit of 20.7 million/- from sale
of various commodities during
the 1984/85, the General Man-
ager, Ndugu Chrisant Nyoka,
has said.

Presenting the company’s per-
formance report to Party branch
conference, Ndugu Nyoka said
his company also made a gross
profit of 238.8 million/-.

The report attributed the
improved performance to
increased allocation of khanga
and vitenge for Mtwara Region.

The increased allocation fol-
lowed President Nyerere’s direc-
tive issued in October last year in
a measure to curb clothes shor-
tage in the area,

le said the region received
693 bales of khanga and vitenge
worth 21.9 .nillion/- compared to
the ordinary allocation of 270

ales. :
Meanwhile, the compan
plans to open two shops in 1985/

fiscal year at the border with

Mozambique to facilitate trade
operations in the border area.
Ndugu Nyoka said plans were

141

underway to ‘conduct courses in
salesmanship for the company’s
workers for increased efficiency.

Meanwhile, cotton farmers in
Mara Region have realised
21,066,578/90 , from sales of
4,611,827 kilograms of the crop
bought since the purchasing sea-
son started on July 1, this year,
Shihata reported.

A spokesman of the Mara Co-
operative Union (MCU) said in

jusoma town on Sunday that
‘the sales were low compate to
4,334,784 kilograms of cotton
bought at.the same period last

ear.
x He said 86 small co-operative
societies at the three zones of
Ushashi, Mugango and Kibara
collected the cotton,. Ushashi
was leading with 568,153
kilograms worth 7,425,766/25.

Mugango bought 545,356
kilograms ‘valued at 7,127,802/90
while Kibara remain with
498,317 kilograms valued at
6,513,009/75.

The Mara Co-operative
Unionis expected to collected

- ten million kilograms of cotton in

1985/86 season.. .

SPRS*SSA%85°081
3 September 1985

TANZANIA



CSO:

KOEVOET thugs some skulking in the safety of their armoured vehicles,
charge and tear-gas militants who gathered at Katutura Sports ground, on June
17, 1985 to denounce the Windhoek puppet show.

at which SWAPO militants and their allies had gathered to register their oppesi
tion to the imposition of Pretoria's puppets on the Namibian people. As the
rally ended and people were going back to their homes, South Africa's armed
thugs went loose, baton charging and teargassing the people.

‘As a result more than 60 people were injured, some of them seriously.
Two women had their legs broken; three others sustained broken arms and
another one lost an eye. Most aggressive among these armed agents of South
‘African colonialism, who carried out those savage acts of violence against the
people, were members of the notorious Koevoet murder squad. It is thus
already quite clear to the Namibian people that the puppets and their masters
will stop at nothing to defend their unpopular regime in Namibia. It is equally
clear that the puppets are on the side of their masters regarding the dialectical
motion of repression and resistance which underlies the political reality in Na-
mibia today. This being the case, it is certain that Pretoria’s puppet show in.
Namibia is doomed to failure. The grafting of a few local puppets into the
colonial administration to give Pretoria’s occupation a veneer of acceptability
does not in any way impress or fool the oppressed Namibian people. Under
the leadership of SWAPO, our people will certainly continue to resist and.
intensify the struggle for liberation. This fact Botha must know.

Pretoria’s attempt to ride roughshod over the protests which have come
from all parts of the world against the so-called interim government is truly a
desperate act of brinkmanship. South Africa is hoping that this flurry of world
potest will die down and that, through the MPC puppets, a Bantustan-type of
independence under its patronage would take place in two or three years time.
This is, of course, wishful thinking that ignores political reality in Namibia
today. It underestimates, too, the vital factor of international solidarity or the
determination of the progressive world to actively and concretely assist the
Namibian people to put an end to the anachronism of colonial domination.
The Namibian people are today politically conscious. They will, therefore,
not allow Botha’s scheme to bear its intended fruits. Under the leadership of
SWAPO, they will definitely do their very best to wreck Botha’s fragile puppet
show. About this, we are quite certain.

3400/9221

58


IJPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

MOL CLAIMS UNIVERSITY FOMENTING SECTIONALISM

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 26 Jul 85 pp 14, 15

{Text ]

WHEN President Daniel arap Moi retur-
ned to Kenya from the Organisation of
African Unity (OAU) summit in Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia, on Saturday last week,
he said that the University of Nairobi has
become a factory of tribalists and
sectionalists. The president said that the
lecturers at the university. were per-
petuating tribalism among the students,
ang he wondered how graduates from the
university could be relied upon to build
the nation. According to the president,
secondary, school students do not have
tribalistic sentiments’ but they develop
them on joining the university where
tribalism is manufactured. All this is
aimed at dividing the nation, said the
president, in what was his sharpest
criticism of university lecturers in recent
times. |
President Moi did not give any details,
but it was not the first time that univer-
sity lecturers have come under attack for
introducing negative attitudes within the
student community. They have in the
past been accused mainly of inculcating
leftist ideas among the students, which
has often led to disturbances on the
campus. The government's distrust of
university lecturers reached a peak in
early 1982, when the government.
embarked on an apparent crackdown on
those lecturers believed to hold dissident
views. Between June and July that year, a
number of lecturers were arrested, six of
, whom eventually ended up in detention
and ‘one of whom was imprigoned. During
the crackdown, ‘the presiderit told a
meeting in Kericho that those arrested
wanted to bring anarchy and
totalitarianism tothe country and they
* were Marxist dgents serving the interests
of foreigners.

15

All the detained lecturers have since
been released and there’ has been no
serious public attack on lecturers since.
The president’s statement last Saturday
was the first time that he has accused the
teaching staff in the university of
tribalism. Only a few -days: earlier, ‘the
minister for education, science and
technology, Prof. Jonathan Ng’eno, had
conceded in parliament that there were-
sectional considerations in the promotion
of lecturers at the university. Ng’eno told
the house that it had been discovered that
some promotions had been based on
where heads of departments and chair-
men came from. The minister was
responding to members’ views during the
debating of the Kenyatta University Bill,
and he said that a similar trend was also
to.be found in the promotion of students,
where those who came from the same
areas,as department heads were passed

‘with first class honours while students

from other areas were not accorded the
same favours.

Ng’eno’s assistant minister, Mr. Oloo
Aringo, was particularly vocal against the
question of promoting lecturers on the
basis of ethnicity. Aringo said that
promotions should. be based on merit
alone as this was the only way the univer-
sities could remain centres of excellence.
By promoting excellence and research at
the university, said Aringo, Kenya would
eventually evolve into a technological and
industrial society, and he gave examples.
of other countries whose only advantage’
over Kenya was their highly trained man-
power. Ng’eno and Aringo did not quite
agree, however, with sorne MPs, who
warned against the introduction of a
quota system in the admission of students
to the university.

KENYA



Asked whether his bureau worked along with the Special Elections Commission
(SECOM) during the registration of voters last year to ensure that only bona-
fide Liberians were issued voting cards, Commissioner Barshall said no,

He said he did not know which criteria SECOM applied during the exercise but
was convinced that the task was carried out professionally,

CSO; 3400/843

32


cso:

April 10: An enemy casspir truck was destroyed by a landmine at
Etomba, 51km north-east of Ondangwa. Three (3) enemy soldiers were killed
and seven (7) others wounded.

April 10: Another landmine blew up an enemy casspir truck at
Okanghudi, 57km nerth-west of Ondangwa. Four (4) enemy soldiers were killed
and several others wounded.

April 11: An enemy buffalo truck detonated a landmine at Onepandauli,
40km north-west of Ondangwa. Five (5) enemy soldiers were killed.

April 12; Ten (10) telephone poles were blown up between Tsandi and
Okahao, some 67km west of Oshakati.

April 18: Four (4) enemy soldiers were killed and some others wounded
when a buffalo truck hit a landmine at Odibo, 57km north of Ondangwa.

April 26: A water pipeline was blown up between Tsandi and Okahao at
Etala, 67km west of Oshakati.

May 4: One (1) enemy casspir truck detonated a landmine 6km north of
Oshakati. All occupants were killed.

May 5: An enemy's casspir truck detonated a landmine 6km north of
Oshakati. Five (5) enemy soldiers were killed.

3400/921

52


Agriculture recorded a negative growth rate of 3.7%, The sector's contribu-
tion to total GDP declined from 31.4% in 1983 to 30.0% in 1984. Building
and construction also recorded a netative growth rate--6.8%, This sector's
share in GDP was 3.4% in 1984 compared with 4.7% in 1980,

Drought crippled Kenya's agriculture and produced a deleterious ripple that
spread to the rest of the economy; The quantity of cereals, temporary indus-
trial crops and permanent crops sold to marketing boards increased by only
3,5% in 1984, compared with 11,4% in 1983, The effect of the drought on
agricultural production is difficult téiisolate and measure because the country
has not had normal rainfall for four years and because attendant factors oper-
ating in concert with the drought may be partly responsible for the poor agri-
cultural production, The performance of specific crops, however, is telling.
Estimated production of maize went down by 34,7% in the 1984/85 year, compared
with a decline of 7,3% in 1983/84 and an increase of 19.4% in 1982/83. The
failure of the long rains in 1984 caused a decline in the harvests of the less
drought-resistant crops as well, For example, estimated bean production de-
clined by 74.7% and potato production by 49,2% in the 1984/85 year, Wheat
production declined by 42.5% in 1984,

Although coffee production went up by 24% in 1984, this does not mean that
coffee was unaffected by the drought. As Economic Survey 1985 notes, coffee
acreage has been increasing and "some increase in production could have come
from coffee trees maturing during the period", The producer price of coffee
also increased, and this could also have helped to stimulate supply.

Tea proved less drought~resistant than coffee: tea production declined by

2,6% in 1984, But the decline in tea production was overcompensated for by

an escalation in the price of tea on the export markets. While the export
price of coffee went up by 18.7% in 1984, that of tea went up by 68,2%, And
although the exported quantity of coffee went up by 7,12 and that of tea de-
clined by 8,7%, the share of coffee in total exports was 27.0%, while that of
tea rose to 25,1%. As the survey notes, coffee growers should beware: "Partly
due to the good quality of the Kenya tea, it is projected that tea will over-
take coffee as Kenya's export commodity in 1985."

Food shortages ordinarily lead to high prices, Since food constitutesza sig-
nificant portion of the houschold budget, one would have expected sharp price
index increases in 1984, Fortunately, this was not the case: a remarkable
decline occurred in the rate of increase in the consumer price index-~from
22.3% in 1982 and 14.6% in 1983 to a single-digit level of 9.1% in 1984,

The increase in the food price index~-the index rose by an average of 10.2%
in 1984--was slightly higher than that of other items that are included in
the household expenditure.

Economic Survey 1985 presents statistics on the agricultural sector terms of
trade, which measure the agricultural sector's ability to "import" from its
"exports", A long-term trend of deteriorating terms of trade in agriculture
continued in 1984, Despite an improvement in agricultural commodity prices,
agricultural sector terms of trade went down by 3,8% in 1984, compared with
a decline of 1.9% in 1983, This means that the index for prices paid by
farmers (for inputs and consumer goods) increased faster than the index of
agricultural output prices, The survey sums this up: "In spite of a lower

18


JPRS-SSA°85°081
3 September 1985

TANZANIA

AIRLINE SERVICING, HEAVY FUEL OIL COSTS DISCUSSED

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 22 Jul 85 p 3

[Text] COSTS of servicing Air Tan- small workshops.
zania Corporation (ATC) air- ’ ‘Two workshops have already
graft in foreign countries have been opened and | (wo others
en rising annually ie would be openet fore the enc
National Assembly was told on of this year.
Saturday. _Ndugu Itatiro said major ser-
1 Duriny the last three years a vices for ATC planes were bein
” 0 — the country pai undertaken in jollan
55.6 million shillings in foreign Malagasy, Britain, Belgium,
exchange for servicing ATC’s Canada and the United States.
aircraft, the Minister of State for: Minor services are done in the
mmunications an orks, country. .
Ndugu Guntram Itatiro, said. te sti
He said. Tanzania aid 2G Siering a proposal by still cone
million shillings in + 20. a ue
million shillings in 1983 and 22.6 wa omen the that ee
mae Saves these costs will Cement Factory, should get
_ cone scr a sec GE) dea
ices of spare parts and services * *
Fottowing ‘the Finerease in the reported. os
number of aircraft”, Ndugu Itat- The Deputy Minister for
iro said. . Industries and Trade, Ndugu
He “Was. reacting * Evarist mivangaszo, dald this in
to Ndugu L.S, Ngalal (Rombo). 1 National Assembly on Fri-
Ndugu Nissin had ached ‘ie day when answering Nduj
Minister to inform the House Anna Namilikwa (National) who
how much the Government had had wanted to know progress on
spent on servicing ATC aircraft supply of HFO to the factory
in foreign countries from 1982 to from Mombasa.
. Ndugu Mwanansao concurred
Ndugu Negalai also wanted to with the MP that the supply of
know why the ATC hangar at the HFO from Mombasa would
Kilimanjaro International Air- ~ reduce the factory's operational
port was not being used. costs since some /- woul
Ndugu Itatiro said the forei n saved per tonne.
exchange used for servicing the He said it was true that the
planes would be reduced sub- pressnt system of transporting
stantially when the KIA hangar FO from Dar es Salaam to
started operation in the near Tanga was ey costly as the
future. . roads were bad an at the
Although the major sections crude oil had to-be processed if
of the hangar have been com- tankers were used.
pleted, there were vital installa- Ndugu Mwanansao ‘said the
tions to be made before opera- Tanzania Railways Corporation
tion started, he said. Ro) lacked sufficient wagons
The installations include 19 lor moving the fuel to Tanga,
therefore, the factory'depended
on shipping services.
139 f
CsO: 3400/880 ° é



NAVY TAKES COST-SAVING MEASURES

Lagos SUNDAY TIMES in English 28 Jul 85 p 24

[Text]

cso:

IN an effort to reduce cost, officers

in the Nigerian Navy will
henceforth not have their uniforms
sewn at government expense.
Rather, they will be given materials
to be Sewn at their own expense by
approved naval tailors.

The new measure is contained in
the latest edition of the quarterly
magazine of the Nigerian Navy,
"The Sailor”.

Those exempted and who could
enjoy government sponsorship in the
sewing of their uniforms are, naval
ratings, cadets, midshipmeh and
newly commissioned Sub-Lieute-

3400/896

nants and Lieutenants (first issue
only).
The move according to the Chief

of Logistics of the Navy, Commo:

dore O. P. Fingesi was taken to cur

down cost.

And in a bid to enforce strict
military discipline in the dressing
pawtetns of its female officers and
ratings it was disclosed that the
Naval Headquarters has ordered that
its female officers and ratinys should
no longer wear ear rinys with service
uniforms.

The directive however altows
them to wear approved anchor ear

85

JPRS~SSA~85~08)
3 September 1985

NIGERIA

rings when in a mess dress.
The anchor is a major symbol of
the Nigerian Navy,

Also quoting a recent Nigerian.
Navy order, the magazine disclosed
that "any naval personnel or family
who cannot be cured of an ailment
in Nigeria stands! the chance of
going abroad if deemed necessary”.

t revealed that to be eligible for
such overseas treatment, the patient
must be referred by a naval medical
doctor firstly to an appropriate
speci jin Nigeria and if he.cannot
cope may recommend treatment
abroad, .



But apart from these locally produced newspapers, avout 17,000 copies
of some 23 daily, weekend and Sunday newspapers, printed in the apartheid
republic, are sold in Namibia. To all these must be added some 70,000 copies
of different South African monthly and weekly magazines that are also distri-
buted in Namibia.

Most of these newspapers and periodicals are sold in large towns and
other centres of white settler population. The fact that all of them are published
in foreign languages shows quite clearly that they are, indeed, there to serve the
interests of colonialism, illegal occupation and transnational corporate monopo-
lies. They constitute a colonial press par excellence.

The journalists and information officers in charge of the colonial press in
Namibia pay more attention to sensation (i.e. news often devoid of a cause-
and-effect relationship) and trivialities, while keeping silent about unwanted in-
formation, such as, the causes and effects of the war which is raging in our
country. Their interpretation of the reality of the situation in Namibia and the
world as a whole is marked by a tendency towards escapism. They cannot, for
instance, face up to the fact that colonialism as a system of imperialism has
reached the final phase of its general crisis. And, instead of exposing the root
causes and nature of that crisis, the colonial mass media in Namibia give
extensive coverage to the symbolisms of the last kicks of the dying colonial
order in Namibia. Like the recent incorporation of a handful of local petty
“bourgeois compradores (ic. the MPC stooges) into the management of the
“South African occupation of our country.

RADIO BROADCASTING

Up until recently, there were no broadcasting services in Namibia.
Before 1970, there were only FM/VHF transmitters, and the sale of AM recei-
vers to the indigenous population was prohibited to prevent the people from
listening to outside broadcasts. .

But in an effort to counter the growing effectiveness of the Voice of
Namibia-SWAPO's broadcasting services, the occupation regime decided to set
up the so-called South West Africa Broadcasting Corporation (SWABC) which, in
terms of personnel, equipment and programmes, is no more than a local exten-
sion of the South African broadcasting Corporation (SABC). The SWABC has
short and medium wave systems, in addition to FM variant. The main studios of
the SWABC are at Windhoek, and most of the broadcasts in the major indige-
nous languages are located there, with the exception of some studios for
Oshiwambo located at Oshakati and for the Kavango languages located at
Rundu.

‘The SWABC programmes disseminate reactionary political propaganda
in defence of South Africa’s illegal occupation of Namibia, such as, the rationali-
sation of Pretoria’s persistent effort aimed at the creation of puppet structures
and institutions in Namibia and smear campaigns against SWAPO and inde-
pendent Africa, especially the progressive African states.

In pursuit of this colonial and imperialistic propaganda’ objectives,
SWABC’s weekly broadcasting is very intensive. Its air hours, per week are as

39



NEW INITIATIVE PROPOSED ON AGRICULTURE

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 31 Jul 85 p 3

[Text]

CSO:

The Executive Vice-Chairman ‘of Swavieis, Mr
Johann Rawlinson, today called for the creation of
a structure within. which SWA/Namibia’s meat
producers could properly manage their industry.

“In SWA/Namibia we
a wealth = of
knowledge at our disposal
at various ‘government
levels, with political and
agricultural leaders and
with individual producers,
Mr Rawlinson said,
“However, I think we:do
not utilise these resources
and I see little or no coor-
dinated strategic planning
of. our industry for the
short, medium or long
term,” he said at. the open-
ing of a Simmentaler infor-
mation day at the’ farm
Lichtenstein-Wes . of Mr
Reinie Rusch in the
Windhoek district.

He proposed the
tablishment of a think tank
involving the '’ different:
government. Jevels,
organised agriculture and
invited experts to spell out
aims for the meat industry
and ‘to ‘draft a. strategic
plan—“and then we. will
have to get cracking
because a nice document
gathering dust —_on
someone’s shelf will also be
to little avail.”

3400/920

According . to Mr
Rawlinson ' the industry
should appoint an expert
full-time’ manager whose
task it would be to coor-
dinate all facets of the in-
dustry in: cooperation with
producers, distribute infor-
mation, establish liaison

and plan paoeeeare and.

available: resources, from
the farnnér'to.the final point
of sale, to: serve the in-
dustry’s interests.

80

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA


as to who would be their leaders. Moreover, the MPC, as a coalition of desparate
cliques, will certainly not be in a position to solve the buming issues of our
society. It is a fragile alliance of opportunists, consisting of yesterday’s
utra-leftists, such as, Moses Katjiuongua and Jariretundu Kozonguizi and arch
racists like Eben van Zijl and Dirk Mudge who, for decades, served as colonial
rulers of Namibia. These two are responsible for all of the existing repressive
laws and regulations in Namibia, Both are now millionaires and are, therefore,
firmly committed to the defence of their ill-gotten material interest and class
privileges in Namibia. To expect them to commit suicide by supporting a radital
transformation of the Namibian society, which is the only condition on which
the oppressed Namibian people could give the MPC regime their political
support, is. to be totally unrealistic. Would these racists and colonialists accept.
for instance, a policy of far-reaching land reform which would take away from
them some of their many farms? Would they agree to have all the white-only
schools, hospitals, residential areas and reserved jobs in Namibia fully
desegregated? We do not think so. If they were prepared to accept such a radical
change, they would not be supporting South Africa in its continued effort to
block the implementation of the UN plan for the independence of Namibia.
Moreover, the South African colonial governor in Namibia is empowered to veto
any decision of the puppet regime which is not in accord with racist interest of
Pretoria. ‘The Katjiuonguas and the Shipangas are motivated purely and simply
by material gains. They are, at the same time, at pains trying to appear a little
bit more progressive than their racist and colonialist allies. They would like to
impress the Namibian people with a removal of at least some of the petty aspects
of the iminatory legislation in Namibia. But even this is going to be diffi-
cult to achieve because the division among the puppets is so strong. For in-
stance, in order for Dirk Mudge and Eben van Zijl to be able to ensure that
their black ailies in the MPG would not de allowed to rock the boat, the puppets
have adopted the procedure of consensus as the modus operandi governing the
business of their regime in other words, there will be no question of majority
decisions. Everything will have to be agreed upon on the basis of unanimity.

Furthermore, some of the differences among the puppets are so deep-
rooted that it will be quite impossible to gloss over them in the interest of
common purpose to benefit from Botha’s colonial handout. People like
Kozonguizi and Katjiuongua have been arch-enemies for more than a decade
now. Back in the 60’s, the ambitious and slick Katjiuongua maneouvred to get
Kozonguizi removed from the presidency of SWANU, accusing him then of
being a South African agent. Kozonguizi has never forgiven Katjiuongua for that
coup, and when Mudge recently picked up Kozonguizi from. the political
dustbin to make him one of the three DTA "ministers” in the present puppet
administration, Kozong wasted no time to revenge against Katjiuongua
blocking his chance of becoming the first chairman of the so-called cabinet. The
South African government preferred and, indeed, groomed Katjiuongua for the
position because of this slickness and damagoguery.

Kozonguizi was able to stop Katjiuongua from becoming the first
Muzorewa of Namibia by insisting that.there was no justification whatsocver
why he should be picked. After raising the question, he proceeded to propose
that the chairmanship should rotate on the basis of alphabetical order; and this is
how David Bezuidenhout was chosen as the first chairman of "Council of
Ministers”

The credibility, if any, of the MPC coalition of puppets, however, waned
further when the ministers” decided that the rotation of the chairmanship
should take place after every three months. This is a clear indication that there
is no mutual trust whatsoever among them.

With regard to the question of popular support, it will take a miracle for
the puppets to gain political acceptance among the masses of the Namibian
people. For example, the installation of the "interim government” itself was
marked by ugly incidents of violence perpetuated by the South African army
and police against the people. Acting on Pretoria’s orders, heavily armed
soldiers and police in armoured vehicles surrounded the Katutura sports ground

57



NIEKERK CALLS FOR MORE ECONOMIC FARMING SECTOR

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 2 Aug 85 pp 3, 5

[Text]

cso:

THE TIME had come for a permanent end to
“handouts” in the farming sector, the Chairman of
the Afrikaanse Sakékamer, Mr Christo van
Niekerk, said at the organisation’s first congress
this morning.

He suggested a re-
organisation of farmers
into small locally-based
companies in an attempt to
put farming in the country
on a sound _ business

footing.

Mr Van’ Niekerk said

‘that on May 4 last year the

total farming debt’ was
R206,9 million and
agricultural debt had in-
creased by 31% from 1982

‘to 1984,

White farmers had
received R23,4 million in
subsidies in 1983 and
R13,2 million last year.

Mr Van ‘Niekerk said
‘agricultural unions should

not exist simply for
negotiating subsidies with

government. How
many farmers. belonged to
a chamber of commerce or
did they rather belong to
an. agricultural union to
form a united front to get
more subsidies, he wanted
to know. .

How many new cor-
porations would be created
to protect the market
before we realise that the
corporation must be run on
economic principles and
must make a profit?

How many more meat
factories must we take over
in order to keep out com-

3400/920

petition before we realise
that this also contradicts
the market system?,

Mr Van Niekerk said a
positive suggestion would
be for about 10 to 15
farmers in the same
geographical area to get
together and form a private
company.

These companies could
compete for marketing per-
mits from the Meat Board
which would be awarded to
the company itself and not
individual farmers.

The permits would be

transferrable to _— the
shareholders of the com-
pany.
: The system would
enable the Meat Board to
exercise greater control
over permits without un-
necessary restrictions on
farmers who at present
could not tranfer permits
which they were unable to
use themselves,

Private companies
would mean that in times
of drought, shareholders
could buy supplies more
cost-effectively and
farmers would be less
dependent on the State.

The companies would
have greater _ liquidity
because shareholders could
reinvest some of their

81

JPRS=SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

profits in the company,
they would also be more
independent and could
compete better for
markets,

Mr Van Niekerk said

. farmers would also benefit

from joining chambers of
commerce as this could cut
some costs, would keep
farmers up to date with
latest business trends and
could provide greater
negotiating power with the
government.



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

has done more to make ordinary people aware of the differences in black politics
than any argument, could achieve.

Returning from a visit to Britain this week, Chief Buthelezi referred to the
horror with which people he had met spoke of the violance. In his statement on
the state of emergency, President Reagan referred pointedly to the violance
that was being waged by blacks against other blacks. The shift may be slight,
but it is not insignificant. Even Mr Stephen Solarz, the man who has spear-
headed the sanctions campaign against South Africa in the American House of
Representatives, has softened his public stance. After a meeting with Foreign
Minister Pik Botha, he told reporters he recognized the complexity of the South
African situation, as well as the wide variety of views in the communities.
America could not provide solutions, he added.

That, a recognition of the complexity and the inadequacy of simple solutions,
is the break South Africa needs in the west. It is the essential starting
point for constructive dialogue on the real issues.

Intended New Reform Plans
MB100717 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMI 10 Aug 85
[Station commentary: "Optimism on Negotiations in South Africa"]

[Text] By week's end cautious optimism started emerging in South Africa that
the long-awaited peaceful negotiating process to end the violence in the country
and find a solution to the country's complex political, sociai, and economic
problems may be in sight.

There were several pointers in this direction during the week. First, State
President P.W. Botha started a series of visits to South Africa's six remaining
self-governing black states for what is termed as talks with their governments
against the background of continued dialogue with their leaders with a view
to the social, economic, and constitutional development of South Africa along
the road of stable and peaceful evolution. Later this year, taiks will also
be held between the South African Government and the governments of the four
black states which have already taken their independence from South Africa.
Talks will also take place between the government and urban black leaders in
South Africa outside the black states, and any other community and church
leaders denouncing violence will be consulted.

While President Botha was on his round of visits to persuade black leaders to
talk, the minister of constitutional development and planning, Mr Chris Heunis,
was getting the informal negotiating forum, announced earlier this year, for
the purpose of getting leaders around a table for talks. So far. the leader of
the official opposition, the Progressive Federal Party, and the leader of the
New Republic Party, have joined the forum and invitations will be extended

to any other black, white, and brown leaders wishing to contribute.

While all these moves were going on, President Botha announced that it appeared
that the emergency in 36 of the country's 265 districts appeared to be serving

116


[Botes] Are you then saying that violence is a sort of reform that should be
used in South Africa?

[Latakgomo] Again, one needs to look at the whole thing historically. If

one looks at the ANC, which was considered as being particularly moderate in

the days before it was banned, and if one looks at what led to the ANC taking

up a strategy of violence, one needs to take all those factors into considera-
tion before one judges generally whether violence is an option. I believe
people in the ANC believe in negotiation. I believe that, given the opportunity,
they certainly would prefer negotiation to violence. And that applies not only
to the ANC, but to the PAC [Pan-Africanist Congress] as well.

[Botes] Now, so many of the community leaders in South Africa, and especially
ethnic leaders, are seen as sellouts. Is that really fair? Don't the moderate
leaders, moderate black leaders, also have something to say?

[Latakgomo] Yes, moderate black leaders certainly have something to say.

However, what I would suggest is that the government has let them down tremen-
dously. Black leaders came forward for years and years and pleaded for a hearing,
and they were not afforded that opportunity. And as a result, it is generally
now being felt that moderation has not gotten us anywhere in years of nego-
tiation, so people don't quite see how moderation could achieve anything now.

[Botes] On the topic of black leadership. On the news this morning we heard
of black people, especially youths, looting ransacking the Indian township of
Inanda. Can the negotiation process in South Africa get under way with black
youths controlling townships?

[Latakgomo] Again, one needs to look at the very basic reasons for this kind

of anger. I am not particularly au fait with what the background to the violence
in Durban is, but one must see this in the total South African situation. We
have a typical situation where, years ago, when the South African government

had an opportunity of creating a climate of peace, they failed to do that. A
typical situation of, for lack of (@will) they lost the (?war).

[Botes] But would you then agree that the violence and unrest we have in
South Africa at the moment has gotten alot more on the cards than simply
justifiable political (2grievances)?

[Latakgomo] I would go further and say that the violence is really a symptom
of deeper frustrations about living conditions, material things, in black
townships, and-one need only look at the townships that are so violence-prone.
One can look at Duduza, one can look at Tsakane, one can look at all the other
places where there has been violence. It certainly has a lot to do with
genuine grievances which people have, and of course, because of that, the
situation becomes ripe for exploitation politically, and this is exactly what
has happened.

[Botes] Those are black needs. What do we do about white needs, for instance,
protection of white minority rights?

119



GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS COMMISSIONED INTO ARMED FORCES

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 29 Jul 85 p 3

[Text]

cso:

3400/915

Severa) gevernment
officials were last
Friday commissioned in
the Armed Forces of
Liberia to the ranks
of Majors,and Captains
at the Barclay Train-
ing Center (BTC) here.

The ceremony, which
was performed by Dr.
darry F. Moniba, Vice
Prestdent of the In-
terim National Assem-
bly, on behalf of the
Commander-In-Chief of
the Armed Forces of
Liberia, Dr. Samuel K.
Doe,- was part of acti-
vities marking the
138th Independence An-
niversary of the Re-
public of Liberia.

Those commissioned
Majors were: the Di-
rector of the Budget,
John G. Bestman and
the Chief of Protocol
at the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs, John
Adolphus During.

The Deputy Minister
of State for Public
Affairs at the Execu-
tive Mansion Jonathan
C. Taylor, Deputy fi-
nance Minister. for Ad-
ministration Peter K.
Bemah, Eddie’G. Manly,
Deputy Minister of Fi-
mance for Revenues,
Lindsy Hines, Deputy

26

Minister of Finance,
Ambassador Gabriel T.
Myers, Chief of Pro-
tocol at the Executive
Mansion. and 1st/Lieu-
tenant Larry Melton of
the Armed Forces of.
Liberia were all com-
missioned Captains.
~~ LINA --

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

LIBERIA


JPRS*SSA=85+08}
3 September 19€

CONGO

BRIEFS

U.K,-FUNDED HOSPITAL--The UK's Bovis International. is nearing finalisation
of negotiations on finance for construction of a 200-bed hospital at Loubomo.
The UK Export Credits Guarantee Department (ECGD) could provide backing for
part of the funding required from the estimated US$101.3-million cover it is
at present providing for the Congo. [Excerpt] [Johannesburg ENGINEERING WEEK
in English 20 Jun 85 p 31]

CSO: 3400/845


CUSA, AZACTU OUT OF LABOR UNITY TALKS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 7 Aug 85 p 3

[Text]

cso:

3400/919

THE withdrawal and ex-
clusion of two major
trade union federations
from the unity talks was
disappointing and a ter-
rible blow to moves for
the formation of a
“super federation”.

This is the yiew of
most trade unions inter-
viewed yesterday fol-
lowing the withdrawal of
the Council of Unions of
SA (Cusa) and the ex-
clusion of the Azanian
Congress of Trade
Unions (Azactu) from
the unity talks,

Cusa’s nine affiliates
have resolved to pull out

© of the talks because of

what they termed “an

* attempt by some unions

to highjack this feder-
ation” and those unions
who do not believe in
the principle of black
leadership.

The trade union unity
talks takes place in
Johannesburg today
amid tension and confu-
sion among the partici-
pants,

Ccawusa’s general

134

secretary Mrs Emma
Mashinini said the with-
drawal of Cusa from the
talks was “disappoint-
ing”, especially because
they were included in
the original summits.

Fosatu’s president Mr ~

Chris Dlamini said the
federation was surprised
by the move. They were
due to hold an urgent
meeting last night to dis-
cuss the issue.

Azactu did not wish to
comment on Cusa’s
withdrawal from the
talks.

Mr Samson Ndou,
president of the UDF-
affiliated General
Workers’ and Allied
Workers’ Union
(Gawu), said Cusa and
its affiliates should have
raised their problems at
the talks and not with-

“draw without informing

other unions.
Other unions, GWU,
Fewu and Ctwa, will

‘give their comments

once a formal report has
been made to unions to-
day.

JPRS*SSA=85+081
3 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


MOROGORO RTC REFUTES DEBT CLAIM

JPRS*SSA*85081
3 September 1985

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 22 Jul 85 p 5

[Text]

cso:

3400/880

THE Morogoro _ Regional
Trading Company (RTC)
yesterc ny refuted reports that
the jugar Development

Corporation (SUDECO) had
suspended supplies of sugar to
the region because it had not
settled a 4m/- debt.

The General Manager of the
Morogoro RTC, Ndugu Ibrahim

H. Seya told the Daily News over’

the weekend in a telephone
interview from Morogoro that
his Company “does not owe
SUDECO the 4m/- as alleged
and SUDECO has not
suspended supplies of sugar for
Morogoro.”

He said, in fact, the RTC was
“currently distributing our July
allocation”. The region gets a
monthly allocation of 271 tonnes
of sugar arid distributes it to the
nearly 1.2 million people in the
region and that by yesterday the
company had received over a
third of its quota.

Ndugu Seya said payments for
the commodity is normally made
in advance to the supplier and

‘the RTC had never failed to

disburse the funds.

The last payments for the
current quota were paid early
this month, he said. Ndugu Seya
was reacting to allegations made
by the SUDECO _ Board
Chairman, Ndugu Edward
Mwesiumo (MP) which
appeared in Friday's issue of the

aily News.

142

Shihata had quoted the Board
Chairman as saying that
SUDECO _ had __ suspended
supplies to | Mtwara and
Morogoro RTCs because they
had not paid an outstanding bill
totalling 9m/-. Of the sum,
Mtwara was supposed to have
owed SUDECO 5m/-.

However,’ efforts to contact
the General Manager of Mtwara
RTC and the SUDECO
management were unsuccessful. .

TANZANIA


THREE FARM UNIONS TO MERGE SOON

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 85 p 9

[Reports by Chemist Mafuba and Wilberforce Zweni]

» [Text]

cso:

Shava told the CFU an-
‘ual congress, read on his.

, behalf by his deputy, Cde

‘Alexio Mudzingwa,

“Thus the éxisting three
employers’ organisations
‘am the agricuftural iadus-
try, the National African
Warmers’ Unton, the Na-
tional Farmer’s Associa-
tion and the Commercial
farmers’ Unton, — will
amalgamate into one
organisation. s90u."

On the Labour, Rela-
tions Act, he said this en-
shrined the concept of
“tripartism” involving the
Government, the workers
and the employers’ repre-
sentatives.

“This structure fosters
co-operation and under-
yees were concerned with
the question of wages
following the publication
of the emergency powers
regulations, Inquiries
about. the ‘Interpretation ;
of certain sections of the |
regulations had been re-
ceived by the ministry.

“The Government has
decided that there should
not, be any sub-categort-
sation of the agro-indus-
trial undertaking, The
new minimum wage
should now be $143,75 and
this includes all planta-

+ tion workers,

‘The Minister of Energy
and Water Resources and
Development, Cde Kumbi-
rai Kangal, said commer.

3400/909

148

~ cial farmers should insts!t
Coa stoves. In thelr
workers’ houses ‘because
the country had enough
coak reserves,

‘The ministry's Depart-
ment § of Energy Re-
sources and Development,
in junction with Wan-
kie Wery Company,
was looking into the pos-
sibility of installing coal
stoves im rural areas, Cde

2 Lold the congress.

“Considering the abun.
dance’ of our coal re-
serves, I strongly urge

~ you, to instal] these stoves

for your employees,” he
sald. “We hope this will
go & long way in the
utilisation of our imdige-
nog energy resources
and encourage the con-
“servation of woodfuel.”

JPRS*SSA=85=081
3 September 1985

ZIMBABWE


lic, Namibia has no community of foreign correspondents and reports, this out-
let has for some time had the monopoly in trying to manipulate information on
a mass scale to the purpose of colonialism. It quite often omits the unwanted
facts from the selection and compilation of news bulletins and newspaper
columns. In so doing, it drives the majority of the people to look for alternative
sources of information, ‘his is to say that instead of meckly resigning them-
selves to their “lot”, our people are striving to build up an anti-colonial mass
media in Namibia.

In this connection, there exists a number of alternative media of in-
formation and communication in Namibia today, and it is these alterna’
media which enable the Namibian people to tell the truth from colonial |
Most important among these is the Voice of Namibia Broadcasting Service,

Comrade Sackey Namugongo, supervisor of the Voice of Namibia station
in Luanda, beaming SWAPO’s revolutionary message from Radio Nacional
Me Angola, to the Namibian people.

whose programmes consist of news reports, commentaries, feature programmes
on SWAPO political and ideological position on events as they untold in and
about Namibia. ‘These programmes are beamed to Namibia daily from the na-
tional radios of Angola, Congo Ethiopia. Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe fora
total of 28 hours a week, Broadcasting in all major Namibian languages, as well
as, Alrikaans and h, the Voice of Namibia programines have established,
beyond doubt, as the most informative, educative, faster and far reaching me-
dium of information in Namibia. ‘Through this vital channel SW.\PO talks to the
majority of our people on a daily and constant basis. ‘This medium is also, by far
more, capable of circumventing communication barriers, man-made or other-
wise. Through the Voice of Namibia Broadcsting Service, the Namibian people
receive reliable information and illuminating interpretation of the reality as well
as up-to-date evaluation of the social relevancy of happenings in Namibia, and
around the world. In other words, SWAPO’s opinion, standpoint, assessment
and recommendations on virtually every event are daily relayed to the Namibian
people through the Voice of Namibia broadcasts.

‘Through a number of channels, SWAPO has been able to receive very
convincing feedbacks from within Namibia and thus to verify that the Voice
of Namibia service is, indeed, an effective vehicle for information and political
education among the masses of the Namibian people. Owing to the fact that
our broadcasting programmes are about the burning problems of our so
the world at large, they are far more attractive than the sensations and.
of the SABC and its SWABC offshoot.

Besides the Voice of Namibia broadcasts, there exist an anti-colonial
press in Namibia today. It functions in the form of semi-legal, mimeographed
publications, such as Nananab, the voice of SWAPO — which is published
monthly inside Namibia in all major languages of our country. There are also
several church publications, like Angelus, Omukwetu, Omukuni, Immanuel and
CCN-Information, which appear in Afrikaans, English and all the main indige-
nous languages. While most of the pagés of these church publications are devoted
to religious matters, they also carry very militant articles in support of the
liberation struggle and in opposition to apartheid colonialism in Namibia. Also
a new progressive, independent newspaper, under the title of the Namibian,
is scheduled to appear in Namibia in August, 1985. -

Still more, thousands of copies of SWAPO publications, such as, Namibia
Today, SWAPO Information Bulletin and The Combatant are distributed inside
Namibia through a variety of clandestine channels. Now as in the past, the
main task and goal of our press and radio broadcasts are to thoroughly and con-
stantly expose the nature of colonial oppression in our country and to spell out
the socio-political alternative to the oppressive colonial order in our country as
well as to awaken the Namibian people to humanity’s common aspiration for
peace, democracy and social progress.

41



JPRS#SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

BENIN

BRIEFS

NIGERIA DONATES AIRCRAFT--The Chief of Air Staff, Air Vice-Marshal Ibrahim Alfa,
said yesterday while presenting two sky servant aircraft to the Republic of Benin
that there was need to consolidate and improve the relationship between the

two countries. The ambassador of Benin Republic in Nigeria, Mrs Bernadine Do
Rego received the two aircraft on behalf of her government. Air Vice-Marshal Alfa,
who spoke on behalf of the minister of defence, Major-General Domkat Bali, said
the presentation of the aircraft was testimony to the strong ties already exist-
ing between the two neighbouring countries. He said it was in realization of
this that the Nigerian Government accepted to offer both military and professional
training to some personnel from the Republic of Benin. Air Vice-Marshal Alfa
said the first of such trainees comprising nine potential pilots commenced the
basic military training in November 1979 and started the flying training course
in July 1980. Three of these successfully graduated with wings and would ferry
the two sky servants today. "As managers in your Air Force, he told the pilots,
you should be conversant with the aviation world.". The Chief of Air Staff said
in keeping with tradition, one NAF flying instructor and three NAF technicians
would be attached to further supervise their air and ground crew during the
first month of operation of the sky servant in Republic of Benin. He then wished
then many happy landings, pleasant and hitch-free operations. Ambassador
Bernadine Do Rego, in her speech, said’ the donation of the two sky servant air-
craft to the Republic of Benin was proof of the adherence of both parties to the
military cooperation existing between the two countries. She said there was need
to pool efforts in order to deter any imperialist attack in the reconquest.

[by Kula King] [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 Jul 85 p 16]

cso: 3400/845



JPRS@SSAeS 5-081
3 September 1985

LIBERIA

NATIONAL RADIO COMMITTEE ESTABLISHED

Modernization Funded by 50% Salary Deduction

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 1 Aug 85 pp 1, 6

[Text] ‘The Head of State and President of the Interim National Assembly,
CIC Dr. Samuel K. Doe, has constituted a nine-member Special National Radio
Implementation Committee to identify problems confronting ELBC the radio
service of the Liberia Broadcasting System, and recommend solution for
immediate implementation.

Members of the Special National Implementation Committee are: Mr. Richelieu
Watkins, Assistant Minister, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, chairman:
Dr. Peter Naigow Director General of the Cabinet member: Mr. Togba Nangana,
Deputy Minister of Public Works, member: Mr. Alston King, Manager, Omega
Navigational Center: member, Mr. G. Moses K. Washington, Director General LBS:
member, Mr. J. M. Gargar, Deputy Managing Director, Liberia Telecommunications
Corporation, member: Mr. Jessie Karnley, Assistant Minister of Information
member: and Mr. Patrick Kugmeh, Press Secretary to the Head of State: member.

-An Executive Mansion
release issued yester—
day, said, in setting
up the committee, Dr.
Doe ‘expressed dismay
about the deplorable
state of the nation's
radio, and called on
the committee members
to come up with plans
and strategies which,’
when implemented ,would
revive ELBC-radio and
enable it fulfill its
tole as atruely modern
national service with
capability for exter-
nal broadcasting.

Dr. Doe also made
an earnest appeal to
all Libeians not to
consider the 50% per
cent salary deduction
in aid of ELBC as an
extra burden on them,

but as a great sacri-
fice for the nation's

pride and joy-, ELBC,
wuich has served the
pe.ple of this country
for more than twenty-
five years.

35



JPRS*SSA%85*081
3 September 1985

é SOUTH AFRICA

‘

COMMENTARIES ON UNREST IN SOUTH AFRICA

Foreign Media Views of Unrest
MBO81140 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 8 Aug 85
{Station commentary]

[Text] There are signs that the preoccupation of the western media with unrest
in South Africa in recent months is having an unexpectedly beneficial side
effect. At least from this country's point of view. As a result of the mass
of exposure, the traditional caricatures of the South African society and state,
the simplistic images of jackbooted repression based on ignorance exploited by
propaganda are starting to blur at the edges.

Inevitably greater insight into the complex reality, or be it obtained through
a distorting mirror, must lead to doubts about the validity of easy political
solutions that ignore fundamental factors in the probiem.

The first important casualty among the misconceptions, well before the latest
upheavals, was the long-nurtured myth about lack of freedom of expression in
South Africa. It was destroyed by the very platforms provided in the media
abroad for the most outrageous, antiestablishment utterances of black leaders.
That myth, therefore, had to make way for the propagation of more sensational
ones, that the South African state was comparable only to Nazi Germany, and that
the army was a killing machine, that the international community had a duty

to take harsh action against the country.

What is more relevant in the present situation uncovering the first falsehood
led immediately to the next. being exposed. It was discovered that the country's
blacks were not a single uniform mass united by a political program to which all
subscribed, first dramatized for overseas audiences by the large black demon-
strations against Senator Kennedy's visit. The differences were driven

home by visits like Chief Mongusotho Buthelezi, with the biggest pool of black
constituency in the country, who was found to hold quite different views from
the Tutu's on subjects like disinvestment.

But the decisive contribution had come ironically, from black militants them-

selves. The brutality of the methods adopted to intimidate opponents in their
own communities, an irresistible attraction to sensation-seeking camera crews,

115



not a member of the executive ¢ ittee.
The DO conceded, however, that Shikuku
could attend future meetings in the con-
stituency.

Shikuku contested the argument,
pointing out that he was eligible-to-attend
the meeting as the area MP, \whather or
not he held any party post ixttheysub-
branch or in the branch. Shikuku was
later supported by the Western PC, Mr.
Julius Kobia, who said the Kanu‘con-
stitution provided that area MPs’ could
attend sub-branch and branch execitive
committee meetings as éx-0fficio
members by virtue of being MPs, Whether
or not they held any party posts.

It would indeed appear that thi was
misdirected when he barred Shikaku from
taking part in the meeting. According to
section 9 (b) (v) of the Kanu coristitution,
an MP is a member of the suli-branch
executive committee, while section 8 (b)
(v) entitles MPs in a district’ to be
members of the branch executive
committee. ‘he .

CSO: 3400/846

4


NOMINATED MP RESIGNS FROM PARLIAMENT

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

Ogot Makes History

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 26 Jul 85 pp 7-9

[Text]

MRS. Grace Ogot made history last week-

when she resigned as a nominated MP to
contest the’ Gem constituency by-election,
to be held on August 5. It was the first
time in Kenya that.a nominated. MP has
resigned from parliament to seek an elec-
toral mandate. Ogot tendered her resigna-
tion to. the speaker of the national
assembly, Mr, Fred Mati, on duly 16, and
then presented her.-by-election nomina-
tion papers to the Siaya district com-
missioner, Mr. Cyrus Gituai, three days
later, to join ten other candidates who are
vying for the seat.

Speculation that, Ogot might vie for the
seat was in the air soon after the funeral of
the former MP for the area, Mr. Horace
Owiti, who was found murdered on May
27, and whose death occasioned the by-
election. It was said then that Ogot, who
had been a close friend of Owiti’s, had
been suggested by Owiti’s supporters as
an appropriate replacement for the slain
MP. This speculation was shrouded with
uncertainty, however, since Ogot was
already in parliament and it was not clear
as to whether she was willing to take the
chance of resigning so as to. contest the
election. The possibility appeared. to be
even more remote when the later Owiti’s
brother, Mr. Richard Ondego Owiti,
announced that he would contest the seat,
and observers concluded that Ogot might
have decided. to hold on to her nominated
position. That was until Friday last week,
when Ogot turned up.at the Siaya DC’s
office to present. her papers and announs
ced that she had ‘already resigned from
parliament.

It is not the first time that former nomi-

nated MPs have contested elections.
Those who have done so in the past,
however, have first waited for their

parliamentary terms to end before seeking

electoral mandates. A few examples are

Mr. Njenga Karume, who served for two

terms as a nominated MP before con-

testing the Kiambaa seat in 1979, Dr..
Njoroge Mungai, who was nominated for

a brief period before contesting. the

Dagoretti seat in 1979, and Mr. Maalim

Mohamed, now a minister of state in the

office of the president, who served for one

term as a nominated MP and then con-

tested the Garissa Central seat in the 1983

general election.

On the face of it, a move such as Ogot’s
might appear foolhardy since the
possibility exists that she will lose in the
election and be left out in-the cold..But
that was not the only reason why her deci-

_ sion took observers by surprise. When she

was first suggested as a possible replace-
ment for Owiti, the suggestion. was mainly
based on the fact that Ogot had been a
political ally of Owiti’s and her -can-
didature was considered appropriate
especially because the election will, to. a’
very large extent, revolve around
sympathy for Owiti’s family, and the
voters will no doubt be greatly endeared
towards the person they feel can most
strongly be associated with the late MP.

It is against that background that the
entry of Owiti’s brother into the race was
considered to have dashed the hopes of
other contestants. Election history in
Kenya shows that relatives of deceased
MPs almost always win elections on
sympathy votes, irrespective of their

KENYA



Nadama Receives Life Imprisonment, Fines
(Tawey Zakka; NEW NIGERIAN, 27 Jul B5)ccececscecesscecesees 95

Underground Arms Smuggling Route Discovered
(Ika Okonkwo; DAILY STAR, 23 Jul 85) .ccceccevcccvcccesseees 96

Border Zone Creation To Curb Smuggling
(DAILY TIMES, 24 Jul 85)..sccseseeececesecccsercrscseessee® 97

Government To Shut ‘Erring' Newspapers
(NEW NIGERIAN, 25 JUL 85) sc ceccccccccncercesencceessererees 98

Mercedes Trucking Company Falls Short of Expectations
(Lawson Omokhodion; NEWSWATCH, 29 Jul 85).sccscevceceeccees 99

Agricultural Foreign Investment Now Pegged at 40 Percent
(NEW NIGERIAN, 25 Jul [:)-) ee 101

Crop Production Increase Expected in Bauchi
(NEW NIGERIAN, 24 Jul 85)..ccesseeeceesesesccscercrerereees 102

Briefs
Lebanese Envoy Defends Countrymen 103
Gambari Defends Jet Gift 103
Bendel Servicing Debt 104
New Envoys Appointed 104
Times Barred in Gongola 104
Government Bans Political Discussion 104
Slums Cleared in Lagos 105
SIERRA LEONE

Finance Minister Bangali Presents New Budget
(Eve Langba; DAILY MAIL, 6 JUL 85) cecceccecncccecceceeeeeee 106

New Tax Proposals
(DAILY MATL, 6 Jul 85)..sceseceeceesceececeeressssssesseee® 108

New Civil Service Pay Increase Announced
(Eve Langba; DAILY MAIL, 20 Jul 3.) eee 110

Customs Complex To Be Constructed Near Border
(Gershon Vee Porter; DAILY MAIL, 20 Jul 85)..+.eeeeeeeeoeee 112

Bengali Discusses Removal of Subsidies on Rice
(DAILY MAIL, 20 Jul 85)...sseseeeecereesecceesseseserseee es 113

SOUTH AFRICA

Commentaries on Unrest in South Africa
(Various sources, various dates) ...sceeeeeeeeeessencesoeees 115

Foreign Media Views of Unrest 115
Intended New Reform Plans 116

-e-



JPRS*SSA*85081
3 September 1985

894 Gladman Nhanhana (1198) Uitenhage

895 Andries Brown (1242) Port Elizabeth
896 Vuyn Dysasi (1199) "

897 Stanford Pikini (1224) "

898 Boule Melapi (1225) "

899 Jama Mzozojana (1226) .

900 Mathews Xaso (1227)

901 Anderson Lali (1229) Albany

902 Winston Mbepo (1234) Port Elizabeth
903 Major Maneli (1235) .

904 Wujo Boqwana (1236) "

Police Report 30 Arrests, 148 Freed
¥MB141230 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1147 GMT 14 Aug 85

[Text] Pretoria, 14 Aug SAPA--Police said today 30 more people had been arrested
under the emergency regluations. According to a list released by the police
in Pretoria, 1,680 people have been detained during the emergency.

But 1,024 have been freed, 120 more than yesterday's figure, according to the
police list, although a police situation report earlier said the release figure
stood at 963 (and arrests at 1676.)

The latest people to be detained were named as (the numbering follows SAPA'S
earlier list):

Name Race/Sex Magisterial District
1651 Danie Mahiaba B/M Vanderbijipark
1652 Tempeito Manjo " Port Elizabeth

"

1653 John Mpenguli "
1654 Pumzele Mgapi " "

1655 Mteteleli Nguru " "

1656 Cynthia Kwanini . B/F "

1657 Lennox Hlalo B/M "

1658 Rufus Noumana " "

1659 Andile Noula " Albany

1660 Ndphumzile Mzizi B/F "

1661 Patrick Natsamko B/M Port Elizabeth
1662 (name unclear) Randburg

1663 Solomon Ndiovu " "

1664 Bheki Nkosi " "

1665 Kenneth Ngobese " "

1666 Domenic Chirwa " "

1667 Colin Maisiapola Springs

1668 Sipho Merophedie " Benoni

1669 Richard Padi " "

1670 Job Makhola " Port Elizabeth
1671 Wikian Ngxili " "

1672 Amos Ndonda " "

127



JPRS#SSAC85~081
3 September 1985

Nigeria should operate or the form of its political arrangements in future.

The Federal Government, therefore, deprecates the recent trend towards
political controversy which is illegal but may, if allowed, distract its
attention from its goals and objectives. In the circumstances, the government
will not tolerate any further statement on political issues, no matter the
source thereof. The general public and in particular, the Press and electronic
media, are warned that any other violation of the ban against politics, will be
treated as an act contrary to the public interest and prejudicial to state
security within the provision of the state security (Detention of Persons
Decree '84) (Decree No 2)." [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 24 Jul 85 p 1]

SLUMS CLEARED IN LAGOS-~Hundreds of houses classified as illegal structures,
were pulled down yesterday in two areas of Lagos~-Oko-Biriki in Ebute Metta and
Oke-Arin on the Lagos Island. The demolition came barely 24 hours after
Governor Gbolahan Mudashiru warned that illegal buildings in the state would be
demolished in a comprehensive urban development programme. Altogether, about
10,000 residents were believed to have been displaced as caterpillars moved down
hovely and shanties. A demolition squad made up of Army, Navy, Police, and
council officials stood by while the operation lasted. Buildings destroyed in
Ebute Metta were those’ at Oko Biriki stretching from the entrance to the Lagos
Third Mainland Bridge, Carter Street, Glover Street to Lagos Street. Other
structures in the lagoon foreshore were affected. As the bulldozers set to
work some men, women, and children scrambled to evacuate some belongings while
others wept openly. At 1 p.m., only the Kingdom Hall of the Jehovah's Witnesses
with approved plan DCB 0145149 was spared. An army lieutenant who supervised
demolition, said that they encountered no opposition. And at Alakoro, in Oke-
Arin, about 12 buildings were pulled down. All houses built under high tension
electricity lines in Lagos are to be demolished, town-planning officials said
yesterday. Building plans purportedly approved for such houses would also be
investigated, the officials said, pointing out that the Lagos Town Planning Law
forbids the erection of structures under NEPA electricity lines "whether high
tension or low tension." [By Odafe Othihiwa] [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English
24 Jul 85 p 24]

cso: 3400/895

105



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA

MINORITY RIGHTS TO BE DEFENDED IN COURT
Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 1 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] The National Party would resort to legal action if the scrapping of
AG 8 and its replacement by a new constitution threatened minority rights in
education, health and residential areas, the party leader, Mr Kosie Pretorius
said last night.

At a news conference in Windhoek marking the end of the party's annual congress,
Mr Pretorius said the NP would support the Transitional Government as long as
these minority rights were protected.

But if they were threatened, the party would submit the issue to court arbitra-
tion.

Emphasising that the NP considered minority rights, not AG 8 as such, of critical
importance, Mr Pretorius said any new constitution would have to be submitted
to the congresses of all member parties in the TG for final approval.

"AG 8 is not a holy cow as long as anything created in its place recognizes that
minority rights are not negotiable," he said.

Asked whether attempts at writing a constitution which ignored group identities
would lead to a walkout of the NP from the Transitional Government, Mr Pretorius
said such a decision would have to be made by the congress of the party once
all legal mechanisms had been exhausted.

Reacting to rumours of an impending split within the NP or an alliance with
the Republican Party, Mr Pretorius said both were without foundation.

"There were no hints of breakaway movements or indications of a potential split
during this congress. The only dampening factor on discussions had been

the fact that negotiations concerning constitutional matters put certain topics
out of bounds," he said.

64


rate of domestic inflation in 1984, the agricutural sector remained disadvan~
taged relative to the rest of the economy."

Wage employment grew by about 2% in 1984. Economic Survey 1985 contains a
telling statement on the growth of informal-sector employment:

--This inadequate performance of modern sector (job) creation was somewhat
ameliorated by the continued upward trend recorded in the urban informal
sector, whose total employment rose by 8,1%, reaching just under two hundred
thousand jobs,

This statement confirms an earlier contention by researchers who argued that
the true function of the informal sector is to act as a blotting paper or
shock absorber that helps to lessen the need for the government to create new
jobs,

Easy entry into the informal sector is both a boon and a bane to those who
work there, Work in the informal sector is extremely competitive and yields
small profits, Workers thus can save little. This limits the amount of
capitalisation from internal sources, The concept of an informal sector, in
fact, might be counterproductive because it is used as an official excuse for
not creating jobs in the formal sector,

Statistics show the direction of competition within the money and finance in-
dustry. According to the survey:

~-There has been a sizeable shift of deposits from commercial banks to non-
bank financial institutions, The ratio of non-bank deposits to deposits of
commercial banks stood at 54.9% by the end of 1984, compared with 34,7% and
39,0% in 1980 and 1982, respectively.

The untold story is that since new non-banks are being opened faster than
banks, the average deposits per bank do not reflect as gloomy a picture of
the performance of commercial banks as they first appear todo,

Due to a decline in ‘inflation to 9.1% in 1984; real interest rates (nominal
interest rates minus inflation rate) were positive for both savers and borrow-
ers despite the drop in nominal lending and deposit rates announced in the
1984-85 budget,

The public-sector share of total loans and advances from commercial banks has
increased rapidly in recent years, from 10% in 1980 to 21% in 1984, "Between
1980 and 1984, lending to the public sector has grown by an average of 28%
per year and to the private sector by an average of 7%,"" Since the competi-
tion for credit from the commercial banking system represents a zero-sum game,
public-sector borrowing is slowly "crowding out" the private sector from the
funds market,

There was a notable improvement in Kenya's external trade in 1984, with an
increase of 19% in the value of exports and 21% in that of imports. However,
the contention that "the declaration of 1984 was 'the export year’ contributed
to the rise in the export receipts” is unsupported by statistics, Kenya's

19



of the 1,860 km railway, for the
co-operation in maintaining and
sustaining operations of the rail-
way. ¢

He made the tribute at, a
farewell and welcoming party for
the out-going TAZARA Gen-
eral Manager, Major General
Charles Nyirenda, and his suc-
cessor, Ambassador Standwell
Mapara, at the TAZARA Hos-
tel in the city.

He praised Ndugu: Nyirenda
for having weathered well during
the difficult economic times of
the past five years.

“Despite ° the problems,
Ndugu Nyirenda has been able
to make TAZARA @ profit-

_ making organisations”, he com-
mended. :

The Zambian delegation left
Dar es Salaam yesterday for
Lusaka?

CSO: 3400/880

138


OBENG DENOUNCES CONSTRUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT, PRAISES ANGOLA

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 3 Aug 85 pp 1, 5

[Article by Breda Atta-Quayson]

[Text]

cso:

3400/912

THE U.S. policy of
constructive engage-
ment in southern Africa
is giving the apartheid
regime in Africa
the confidence and en-
couragement to commit
aggression, against An-
gola, Mr P. V. Obeng,

member has stat-

ed.

But, he said, no force on
earth can defeat people
who are determined to de-
fend their independence.

Mr Obeng said this w!
the visiting Angolan Cul-
tural Secretary; Mr Boa-
ventura Cardoso called on
him at the Castle, Oa ye-

sterday.

The PNDC member told
Mr Cardoso that the fight
against racist South Africa

“and her henchmen might
be protracted but victory
would surely be on the side
of the Angolans.

He said the presence of
Cuban troops in Angola is
being used to deny Nami-
bia independence and

also being used as an excu-

se for imperialism to conti-
nue its exploitation of that

Mr Obeng said-racist
South Africa is not fighting
Angola alone but she is
also fighting Africa as a
whole using Angola as a
visible target. He hoped
that the next OAU summit
would deal with the Ango-

lan :
RE Sno
briefed Mr Obeng on the
political, economic and 80;
ciaT situation in Angola
‘and said the situation is

very tough because of
South Africa’s incursions

JPRS*SSA°85°081
3 September 1985

GHANA



MP OPPOSES ABOLITION OF PRIVATE LEGAL PRACTICE

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 20 Jul 85 pp 1, 3

[Article by Mkumbwa Ally and Habbi Gunze]

[Text]

cso:

A MEMBER of Parliament yes-
terday opposed government
plans to abolish private legal
practice in the country.

The MP, Judge E.A.
Mwesiumo (Kilombero), said
instead of banning private prac-
tice, the Government should
amend old laws which did not
satisfy public needs.

Debating the 1985/86 , esti-
mates for the Ministry of Justice,
Judge Mwesiumo told Parlia-.
ment that there were no substan
tial reasons to support abolishion
of private legal practice as
advocated by the 1977 Judicial
System Review Commission
Report.

The MP, who served as a
magistrate and High Court judge
for over 14 years before enterin;
the House, said the propose:
wove would vent the country’s
commitment to the rule of law.

He quoted the views of the
police in the Commission
Report, which supported private
legal practice as an incentive to
strict adherence to the Rules of
Evidence and Procedure vital for
fair trial. .

Judge Mwesiumo said the
basic point to be argued against
private practitioners was proba-

ly the fees they charged. He
added, however, that the Gov-
ernment could easily regulate
these by law.

He further discouraged sweep
ing changes in the judicial sys-
tem. He referred the House to
measures abolishing co-opera-
tive unions and local govern-
ments, which had since been
revised. The impact of abolition

3400/880 °

of private hospitals was yet to be."
assessed, he added. .

_ The MP said the laws calling -
for updating included those on
Will, many of which were inher-
ited from the colonial era. One
of: these was the Administrator
General's Ordinance dated back
to 1921, he explained. .

He said the cumbersome legisla-
tions delayed administration of Wills
to the disadvantage of. widows and
children of the deceased.

He cited the widows.of former
Kinondoni Member of Parliament,
Derek Bryceson, and the late Hus-
sein Shekilango -- Mirlister of State
in the Prime Minister's Office —
who, he said, were yet to receive
their dyes. Bryceson died in, 1980
while iekilango passed away in

1979.

‘The MP also urged the Govern-
ment to back its announcements on
imports, foreign exchange shops and
real estate development with legista-
tion. He pointed out that the conees-
sions in these sectors announced by
government leaders had no legal

a aa

e opposition to abolition of pri-
vate legal practice was echoed by
Ndugu Stansiaus Kasusura
‘Biharamulo), who said the presence

f private defence counsels gave
defendants more confidence,

Ndugu Kasusura also called for.
amendment of the elections Act to
repeal the provision to allow election
Petitions with costs. He told the

jouse that most of the aspirants for
parliamentary seats were unable to
meet the costs of court proceedings.

A Nominated Member of Parlta-.
ment, Ndugu Mohamed Kissoky;'
stressed the rule of law and indepen-
dence of the Judiciary.

He called for housing and trans-

rt facilities for magistrates and
judges. Corrupt elements among
these should be weeded out to
safeguard, the reputation of the
Judiciary, he said, .

136

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

TANZANIA

Ndugu Joseph Mungai (Mufindl):
asked the Government to review the
system of representation in Parliar,

ment.

He said the present: system was
uproportional in certain areas. For
example, he said, urban areas had
higher representation than rural
areas.

Ndugu Mungai likewise said some
regions with few people had more
MPs than those with higher popula-
tions. He cited Arusha with 1.1 mill-
ion people, which would have eight
constituent MPs compared to
Mwanza which would elect 7 MPs for,
1.7 million people.


FOREIGN MINISTRY APPOINTMENTS

Eastman Ambassador to Germany

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 2 Aug 85 p 1

[Text]

Nathaniel East-
former Liberia's
to Ethio-

Mr.
man,
Ambassador
pia,
ted Liberia's Ambassa-
dee to the Federal Re-

public of Germany.
According to a
foreign ministry re-
lease issued here to-
day, Head of State C1C
Dr. Samuel K. Doe made
the appointment with
the advice and consent

has been appoin-_

of the Interith Natio-
fal Assembly (INA). |

Meanwhile, Foreign
Minister Ernest T.
Eastman is expected.to
commission .some’ assis—
‘tant ministers of that
Ministry and confer a
distinction on an ho~
Norary consu

More Officials Commissioned

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 2 Aug 85 pp 3, 10

[Text]

Several officials of
the Ministry of
‘foreign Affairs were
Thursday commissioned
by Foreign Minister
T. Ernest Eastman on
behalf of Head of
state CIC Samuel K.
Do .

Those commissioned
were, Mr.William Bull,
Assistant Minister for
African and.Asian Af-
. fairs, Mr. Sonie Sher-

24

man, Assistant Mini-
ster for International
Organization, Thomas
Bestman, Assistant Mi-
nister and Special As-
‘sistant to the Foreign
Minister and Mr. Shebu
Assistant Minister
for Financial Affairs.
Others were, Mr.
William Ledlum, As-
sistant -Minister for
Public Affairs, Mr. J.

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

LIBERIA

yesterday. -


gpRseSsac85°081

3 September 1985

SOLDIERS ASSURED OF MODERN WEAPONRY TRAINING

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 23 Jul 85 p 11

[Article by Mathew Onwudinjo]

[Text]

cso:

‘THE Nigerian Army is ready
more than ever hefore to provide
its personnel with modern
weaponry and the best of train-
ing, Commandant of the Com-
mand and Staff College Jaji,
Major-General Paul Omu, said in
Zaria at the weekend.

General Omu said that it was in
pursuance of these objectives
that the Army has kept up fre:
quent exercises for its members
in various locations in the coun-
try in order to test their opera-
tional efficiency so as to ensure
the attainment of high combat
capability. .

Addressing 786 yecruits of the
19th regular intake who passed
out at the end’ of a six-month in-
tensive training at the Nigerian
Army Depot, the commandant
noted that the Army had attained
yet, a step further in its man-
power.production endeavour and
the determination to enlist into its
fold, literate, able-bodied and
knowledgeable young men and
women.

He reminded the graduands
that a great degree of high stan-
dard performance was expected
from them, bearing in mind their
age and level of enlightenment.

He commended the comman-

3400/900

93

dant, officers and instructors for
a job well done, saying he was im-
pressed by the smart turn-out
and excellent drill all of which
reflected the quality of training
that was associated with the Ar
my Depot, Zaria. .

‘The highlight of the occagion
was the presentation of trophies
to well-performed graduands,
among them were three gra-
duands who received trophies in
shooting, cross-country race and
in army drills.

Miss Angela Fada received a
trophy as the best female recruit
in shooting while the trophy for
the best recruit in drilis went to
Mr. Edu Anson.

NIGERIA



BLACK UNIONS HOLD MAJOR MERCER TALKS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Aug 85 p 2

[Text]

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“AT LEAST. 24 black

trade unions represent-
ing thousands of workers
met in Johannesburg
yesterday in an attempt
to form a giant feder-
ation aimed at fighting
oppression and exploita-

tion from management. .

The union’s summit
took place in a tense
atmosphere behind
close doors because of
the emergency regula-
tions declared by the
Government a few
weeks ago.

The tension was fur-
ther deepened by the
absence from the meet-
ing by two trade union
federations — the Coun-
cil of Unions of South
Africa (Cusa) and the
Azanian Congress of
Trade Unions (Azactu).

The unions repre-
sented in the talks are
Fosatu and its nine affili-
ates, National Union of
Mine Workers (NUM);
General Workers Union
(GWU), Food Canning
Workers Union
(FCWU) Cape Town
Municipal Workers As-
sociation (CTMWA),
Commercial Catering
and Allied Workers
‘Union (Ccawusa) and
eleven UDF union.

135

. The press was barred
trom the meeting and
photographers were not
allowed to take pictures
of the delegates. The
meeting’s chairman, Mr
Cyril Ramaphosa, said:
“We did not invite the
Press as we are dis-
cussing sensitive issues.”

However, sources
close to the meeting dis-

closed that the majority -

of unions did not see the
federation as complete
without other unions
which participated ear-
lier, while. other con-
tended that they should
go ahead without them.

The delegates also
disclosed that the meet-
ing was divided on these
issues and it was not.ex-
pected that the date for
the inaguration will be
agreed upon.

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



NIGERIA

TRADITIONAL RULERS TO STEER CLEAR OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jul 85 pp 1, 3

[Text] THE Federal Military

Government has accepted the
recommendation of the
Dasuki' Committee on Local
Governments to insulate
traditional rulers from par-
tisan politics.

‘A.whitepaper on the local
government review commit-
tee published in Lagos yester-
day said traditional rulers
themselves should help in this
direction by declining roles
that were openly partisan.

‘Traditional rulers were urg-
ed to steer clear of political af-
fairs of local governments.

The whitepaper on the
20-man committee's report
which was set up last Ma: said
the government agreet that
“judging from recent social
and religious. unrest,there.can,
beno doubt that they should be
allowed a more significant
role in matters of social and
cultural nature.”

Another recommendation
which was accepted was that
in order to reduce or remove
the incidence of politically
motivated appointments, the
laws for appointments,
removals, and depositions of
traditional rulers should
strictly be complied with by
all concerned.

The government also ac-
cepted the establishment of
emirate and traditional coun-
cils where they were consistent
with the tradition and customs
of the ple and that “they
should be established on the
lines of options provided .in
paragraph 19 of the guidelines
of the local government
reform of 1976.”

86

Subject to the peculiarities
of each state; government ac-
cepted that traditional
authorities through traditional
councils should not be
hindered from performing the
following functions.”

* To formulate general pro-

-posals as advised to local

governments.

* To harmonise the activities
of local government councils
through discussions of pro-
blems affecting them.

*To give advice as well as
guidance to them and

* To determine religious matters
where appropriate.

The government also accepted
that (a) copies of draft develop-
ment plans and bye-laws propos-
ed by local government councils
snould be made available to the
traditional councils for comment
before approval, (2) change of
name of state ‘Council of Chiefs’
to ‘State Council of Traditional
rulers’ and (3) every traditional
ruler should lend his support to
accelerate mass mobilisation of
people for active participation in
community development pro-
gramme.

The government rejected a
recommendation that where
recognised traditional rulers
were not being remunerated,
states and local governments
should be allowed to use their
discretion in determining, which
traditional ruler should he
remunerated on the basis of local
conditions and economic
realities.


UNION CARBIDE SWITCHES TO LOCAL MANGANESE

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 9 Aug 85 pp 1, 4

[Article by Rose Hayford]

[Text ]

CSO:

3400/912

UNION Carbide, Ghana
Limited now saves
about 40 per cent of fo-
reign exchange an-
nually which hitherto
went into the importa-
tion of electrolytic man-
ganese dioxide from
pan for the production
of dry cell batteries.

This is the result of the
use of local “R” grade
manganese ore from Nsuta
which is as good as the
imported one.

Mr J. B. A. Amponsah,
managing director of the
company who disclosed
this in an interview on
Wednesday said plans
enuld be worked out to ex-
port it to the Ivory Coast
Union Carbide to earn fo-
reign exchange for the
country.

On production trends.
Mr Amponsah said the
company. even though has
installed capacity for pro-
ducing 60 million drv cell
batteries vearly it has nev-
er been able to do so due to
the non-availability of
enough raw materials.

Mr Amponsah said the
company would however
be able to meet its target of
25 million pieces of drv cell
batteries for this vear.

He appealed to the go-
vernment to enter into
agreement with some
neighbouring countries
like Mali and Burkina

Faso for the export of some
of their products to enable
the company to gain some
foreign exchange to meet
its import requirements.

Meanwhile the company
has shut down its plant as
a result of shortage of “top
covers” used in the pro-
duction of dry cell batte-
Ties.

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

GHANA


JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA

MANUFACTURING OF MILITARY HARDWARE WITH KOREA DISCUSSED
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 23 Jul 85 p7
[Article by Olu Adebayo]

[Text] NIGERIA and’ Republic of

Korea are exploring the possibili-
manufacturing of
ware as part of a
e co-operation

pact,

Minister of Defence. Major
General Domkat Bali who
disclosed this in Lagos said
however that Nigeria would
‘rather prefer that such co-

Army Staff, General Ho-Yong
Chung who paid him a courtesy
call that earlier contacts on the
issue had usually stalled over
what appeared to be an inevitable
United States link.

The Republic of Korea and the
United States have very strong
military ties dating back to the
early fifties when a United States
led United Nations force quelled
a communist-backed North
Korean invasion of the south.

Although the Korean military
industry have experienced rapid
growth over the year, its
ability to export hardware had
been handicapped by the military
pact with the United States.
General Bali also told his guest
that Nigeria was ‘interested in
Korean assistance in the training
of special formations in the ar-
my.

General Ho-Yong told his host
that he was in Nigeria to seek
ways of broadening areas of co-
operation between the two
countries.

“We have come to let you know
what we can do for you and what
we cannot.” he said.

cso: 3400/900
92


BORDER ZONE CREATION TO CURB SMUGGLING

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 24 Jul 85 p 24

[Text]

cso:

3400/897

A BUFFER zone of 500
metres will soon be created
‘at the Nigerian end of the
country’s borders to check
smuggling.

In addition, the Federal
Government has decided to
hold consultations = with
neighbouring countries
“with a view to persuading
them to have 500 metre
buffer zone on their side as
weil,”

Further, _anti-smuggling
committees are to. be
established both-at the state.
and local government levels.

‘These were the highlights

of the government's white”

paper on the report of the
panel on customs and smug-
gling. According to the paper
houses would not be allowed
to Se erected within the 500-
metre’ buffer zone while the
government should provide
well defined pillars at the
border point.

It we--also stated that
only a few road should be
built at the frontiers, and
such construction would
have to be approved by the
Federal Government.

All illegal motorable
roads must be closed with
the co-operation of the
appropriate local govern-
ment.

The government white
paper said that the anti-
smuggling committee which
had been approved to be set
up would work in an
“advisory — capacit and

would report to the board of
Customs and Immigration.

In a bid to reduce the
case for imported goods and
thus minimise smuggiing
activities, government has
decided to embark on a

97

national enlightenment
campaign to achieve these
goals. .

For this purpose, the;
Ministry of Commerce and
Industry has been directed
to put pressure on” the
Standard Organisation of
Nigeria “to ensure that the
quality of locally manu-
factured products met the
minimum standard to en-
able Nigerians to develop
interest in patronising made.
in Nigeria goous.

however, rejected a proposal
by the panel to remove some
trade goods under licence to
‘open general licence.

According to the white
-paper, the Federal Govern-
ment said it would not
‘deviate from the present
[policy “which is aimed at
preventing the battered
economy of this country.”

On the panel's call for
increase trade liberalisation
with Nigeria’s neighbouring
state and the lowering of
tariffs, the government said
that such move woukl be
effected in accordance with
the provision of the relevant
ECOWAS protocol and other
bilateral agreements.

JPRS*SSA*85~081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

SIERRA LEONE

BENGALI DISCUSSES REMOVAL OF SUBSIDIES ON RICE
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 20 Jul 85 pp 1, 15, 16

[Text] The Minister of Finance, Mr Joe Amara-Bangali has said the removal of
subsidies on rice will be carried out piece~meal so as to reduce the effect
of it.

Speaking in an exclusive interview with the DAILY MAIL, Mr Amara-Bangali
disclosed that the first step will be to encourage the local production of
rice.

"Presently, government is encouraging the private sector and also persuading
a sort of arrangement with external, bodies, friendship institutions particu-
larly the Chinese who have assimilated a wealth of experience in growing
rice to feed their teaming million to go into commercial rice production, he
told a MAIL team.

"We will gradually increase the cultivation of rice particularly in areas
such as Turma Bom, Bundapi, the Rombo Swamp in the Port Loko district,
Mambolo area and the Little and Great Scarcies area.

"These are areas that have been identified that will grow rice in abundance
to feed the entire nation and even to obtain a sizeable surplus that we could
sell abroad for foreign exchange," the finance minister said.

On the question of salaries and wages of public officers, the finance minister
disclosed that a committee has been set up to review the entire structure in
the country and their recommendations will lead to further increases in salaries
and wages.

The new minister of finance, however, lamented that the two-tier system failed
because the arrangement came without a sort of anchor which would have enabled
government through the Central Bank to play an interventionist role.

On devaluation, Mr Amara-Bangali said it came into existence last February
because of the realisation of the potential of the dollar against all other
major currencies in the world, to the extent that our rate of Le2.50
appeared to be ridiculous so we had to go to Le6.

"There again I think if we had decided earlier enough, we would not have gotten

to Le6 we would have started with Le4 or Le5, particularly with the creation
of the PMMC.

113



CONSTITUTIONAL BILL TO BE TABLED

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 29 Jul 85 pp 1, 5

[Text]

WINDHOEK: A bill providing for the establish-
ment of a. Constitutional Council is to be in-
troduced. in the National Assembly today, the
Minister of Finance arid Governmental Affairs, Mr
Dirk Mudge, said on Friday. He gave notice in the
Assembly he would seek leave to submit the bill to-

day.

The establishment of the
Council, © on which
members of all six of the
Multiparty Conference
parties in the Transitional
Government will sit, is in
line. with’ the -participants”
declaration of intent to
“lead (our) country to a
nationally acceptable in-
dependence which can gain
international recognition.”

Among the guidelines
for the drafting of the “per-
manent” constitution are
that it. be within the
framework of the first
phase of the Western Set-
tlement Plan, consistent
with the _ Universal
Declaration of Human
Rights, and in accordance
with the International
Covenant of Civil and
Political rights.

Political observers con-
sider it highly unlikely the
draft constitution will gain
international acceptance.

It is intended that the
Consititutional _— Council
will produce its draft con-
stitution within 18 months

One of the major issues
the Constitutional Council
is expected to deal with is
the contentious proclama-
tion providing for racially

cso: 3400/920

based second-tier
authorities in the Territory.

Swapo-D,. led by Mr
Andreas Shipanga, and a
Swanu grouping, led by Mr
Moses Katjiuongua, have
emerged as opposition in
the Assembly and have
repeatedly urged the
system’s immediate scrap-
ping.

The four other MPC
parties, the Labour Party,
the DTA, the SWA
National Party, and the
Rehoboth Free
Democratic Party, agree it
is a constitutional matter

which will have to be refer-.
red to the Constitutional,

Council. — Sapa

60

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA


NO COMPROMISE ON AG8 SAYS SWAPO-D'S APPOLUS

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 31 Jul 85 pp 1, 3

[Text]

Swapo D Chief Whip,
Mr Emil Appolus told The
Advertiser yesterday the
two parties wanted the
State’s legal’ advisers to
provide an opinion on the
Proclamation.

Mr Appolus said clarity
had to be sought over
whether AG 8 was a con-

stitution or “just’ another
“administrative law passed
by the Administtrator-
General.”

Legal advisers would
also have to consider
whether the Proclamation
of the South African State
President establishing the

‘government was a con-
stitution if it was’ decided
that Proclamation AG 8
was constitutional legisla-
tion. . .

Mr Appolus: said that if
no clarity could “be ob-
tained from state legal: ad-
visers, Swapo D and
Swanu would take the is-
sue to the Supreme Court.

If the issue was still not
resolved and -_ people
wanted to retain AG 8 then
the two parties believed the
people of the country
should be asked their opi-
nion through a referendum
or other popular test.

cso: 3400/920

SWAPO D AND SWANU are negotiating. with.
the other Transitional Government parties to have
the controverisal issue of the status of Proclama-
tion AG 8 referred to:state lawyers for their opi-
nion.

Mr Appolus said he did
not believe that the
Minister of Finance, Mr
Dirk Mudge was sincere
when he said he was
Prepared to change AG 8.

“Those who talk about
modifiying AG8 are in
fact talking about its reten-
tion.”

The Proclamation was
based on the Odendaal
Report which proposed a
system of apartheid for
Namibia and simply trying
to change AG 8 will not
remove its injustices, Mr
Appolus said.

Swapo D and Swanu |
would continue to vote
against what they believed
to be wrong in the National
Assembly so it could be
geen what each party stood
for. :

The public would see
which parties were voting
for the retention - of

There ‘could be no-con-
cessions on AG8. “We
can’t be seen to com-
Promise this sort of issue,”
Mr Appolus said.

66

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NAMIBIA


Aringo's claims that he and Ondiek were not interested in influencing the
outcome of the election, and that they were addressing campaign meetings in
their capacities as party officials so as to ensure they were peaceful, were
taken by observers with a pinch of salt. To begin with, it is the first time
that elected MPs, even though they also happen to be Kanu officials, have
been heard of addressing campaignmeetings in constituencies other than their
own and the maintenance of peace in such meetings has not been known to be
the responsibility of Kanu officials, It is a trend that observers fear
could lead to serious problems if allowed to spread to other parts of the
country, especially where MPs from the same district do not see eye to eye,

The focus on the election is now likely to be on Ogot and Owiti's brother,
Ondego, The situation has changed since the by-election was announced. When
Mr, Rading Omolo became the first person to declare his candidacy for the
seat, it appeared as though he had a good chance because of his practical
sympathetic gesture towards Owiti's family in providing a hearse for the
funeral, Actions such as these are taken seriously by voters and Omolo was
also being praised for what is considered to be his generosity towards Gem
people, He is the chairman of Gen-Rahuma welfare organisation in Nairobi
and has been considered very useful in helping repatriate the bodies of de-
ceased people to Gem for burial through the Westlands Cottage Hospital which
he owns, and where many people from the constituency receive treatment at
reasonable costs, There were therefore, many people who felt that it was
time Omole was elected to parliament, though he has twice contested the

seat unsuccessfully, All these sentiments were, however, thrown into dis-
array with the entry of Owiti's brother into the race and there was even more
confusion when Ogot announced her candidacy. There are nine other people
still, who also believe they can win the Seat and these include Mr, Wasonga
Sijeyo, Mr. Owino Ger, Mr. Benjamin Ngonga, Mr. Samuel Wanyanga, Mr. Moses
Warom, Mr, Elijah Asiko and Mr. James Odenyo,

But ofall the candidates, it seems that
Ogot will have the most to lose if she does
not win the election. She has:taken a
delicate chance in-her bid to fulfil her
long-held political ambitions. In an inter-
view with The Weekly Review soon after
she’ was nominated to parliament by
President Daniel arap Moi in October,
1983, Ogot who was grateful to. the presi-
dent for nominating her, said that she had
always been interested:in politics but it
was out of her reach because of the costs
involved in getting to parliament. It
would appear that she may now have
overcome that hurdle ‘and, with a little
help from her friends, ‘is. willing to take
the chance. .

11



LABOR LEADER CHIROMA CLAIMS WORKERS PUSHED TO WALL

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jul 85 p 1

[Article by Ibrahim Salihu]

[Text]

cso:

THE President of the
Nigerian Labour Congress,
Alhaji Ali Chiroma, has said
Nigerian workers have been
pushed to the wall and they
would decide what action to
take if the current retrench-
ment went on. .

He said workers would no
longer tolerate further retren-
chments either in the public or
private sector.

The NLC President was
speaking while on a courtesy
call on the Governor of Sokoto

State, Brigadier Garba Duba

on Wednesday. He said.

workers were the backborie of
the economy and deserved to
be treated with more
seriousness by the govern-
ment.

He said the government be-
ing the largest employer of
labour was to blame for the
present predicament of
workers,

Alhaji Ali said the introduc-
tion of school fees in Sokoto
State was a disservice to the
state and the nation, and call-
ed for the abolition of these
fees to enable children of the
less privileged in the society
attend school.

The NLC boss saig the con-
gress had received one million
Naira from the Federal
Military Government to
enable it build ware-houses
and co-operative stores
throughout the nation for ef-
fective distribution of essen-
tial goods to workers.

3400/902

94

Governor Duba, however, ,
said the retrenchment carried.
out by the present administra-
tion was justifiable. He said
before the reorganisation,
there were overstaffing,
redundancy and non-
productivity on a wide scale.

The governor said the state
had been spending 65 per cent
of its resources to pay
salaries. He also said the in-
troduction of school fees in the
state was to commit parents
fully in the education of their
children.

He said the «government
spends 670 Naira per annum
per student, which was incom-

rable with the 36 Naira fee

ing charged on every school
child.

Alhaji Ali later presented
four booklets containing the
NLC’s blue-print for the
revamping of the economy
and tackling other national
problems. Sokoto State was
the ninth visited by the NLC
President,

JPRS*SSA*85+081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA


CSO;

3400/846

The possibility. of a quota system is
actually becoming a major issue, with
some people suggesting ‘that district
quotas should be allocated to remove such
anomalies as where certain areas manage
to get more students admitted to the
university than others, Advocating such a
system, the MP for Hamisi, Mr. Samson
M’Maitsi said that a quota system would
help solve the problem where bright
pupils fail to secure university admission
because they have poor teachers. This
problem, some felt, could best be solved
by trying to. improve the quality of the
teachers rather than introducing a
national quota system.

Ng’eno was, for his part, somewhat
non-committal onthe question of quotas,
but he seemed to consider it a possibility
by saying that the commission for higher
learning would examine ‘the selection
system so that students from all areas get
equal opportunities. .

16


facilitate the withdrawal of the racist troops from southern Angola. But eager
to create a favourable political climate for US corporate interests and at the
same'time aware of the fact that South Africa will not be able to win the war in
Namibia and at home the Reagan administration has been advocating what it
calls the urgent need to bring about a comprehensive regional peace in Southern
Africa, which would entail the cessation of armed liberation struggle by SWAPO
and the African National Congress (ANC) without a corresponding resolution of
the Namibian independence stalemate and apartheid oppression in South Africa.

Beginning with the opening months of 1984, the Reagan administration
and the apartheid Republic were in a state of ebullience, patting each other on
the back for what they thought wa’ a historic diplomatic coup they had pulled
off against the forces of national liberation and social emancipation in Southern
Africa. Following the signing of the Nkomati Accord between Mocambique and
South Africa and the conclusion of the Lusaka compromise between Angola
and South Africa, Washington and Pretoria announced with great fanfare, be-
fore the world, that they had launched a “peace offensive” with a view to
bringing about comprehensive peace in Southern Africa. To achieve this, it
was important, first and foremost to isolate SWAPO and ANC and ultimately
neutralise their armed struggles. Believing that this US strategy was now within
reach Crocker proudly declared that the Nkomati Accord had "dealt a body
blow” to the armed liberation struggle in South Africa. He went further to say
that it was a "myth to believe that armed struggle could bring change in South
Africa”. So confident was he that besides his usual shuttling around Southern
Africa, Crocker took to broadcasts by satellite from America to address journa-
lists in Africa and Europe about the supposed soundness and tangible proofs of
constructive engagement”. He trumpeted the two trial balloons -- Nkomati and
the Lusaka compromise — as concrete evidence of the success of that policy.

And under the euphoria of that sceming diplomatic success towards the
isolation of SWAPO and ANC and thereby prolonging the tenure of the life of
the apartheid state, the apostles of constructive engagement” put forth yet
another deceptive slogan that the root-cause of armed tensions and instability
in the region was the problem of ”cross-border violence”. Therefore, according
to Crocker, in order to achieve a.comprehensive regional peace and stability in
Southern Africa, cross-border violence” would have to be brought to an end
in the area, The obvious implication was that the world should accept the pro-
position that it was not just South Africa’s armed activity throughout the
region and the repressive policies of apartheid at home which has generated
tensions, but that the independent Afri states in the area were equally to
be blamed because they were giving political asylum to the fleeing victims of
the racist state and allowing them to organise themselves for resistance to
apartheid fascism in South Africa and illegal occupation in Namibia. Such
has been the cynical attempt by the US to obfuscate facts in order to protect
its ally, racist South Africa.

Putting an end to the ”spiral of cross-border violence” in Southern
Africa thus became the centrepiece of Washington's tactical maneouvres to
drive a wedge between the Frontline States and the liberation movements,
SWAPO and ANC.

The rulers of apartheid South Africa, too, became big-headed. They
began to describe themselves, especially during P.W. Botha’s Europe tour in
1984, as a "regional superpower”. in Southern Africa — a laughable proposition,
indeed, since the white state enjoys only a mere 18%support of the total South
African population. They also boasted of having put in motion a “peace
process” in Southern Africa. But it did not take long before the objective
reality of the situation in the region begun to give the lie to their pretensions.
For instance, the so-called reforms which Pretoria was touting to the world, with
a view to making apartheid acceptable, began to suffer severe setbacks. by
September 1984, the dialectics of black mass political action and harsh re-
pression by the regime came to define the politics of South Africa. Stronger

45



IJPRS*SSA~85*081
3 September 1985

BUHARI INSISTS NEGOTIATIONS WITH IMF WILL CONTINUE

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 Jul 85 p 16

[Text]

cso:

* NIGERIA would not give up

negotiations with the Interna-
tional Monetary Fund, (IMF),
the Head of State. Maior-General
Muhammadu Buhari, h °

He said on a Radio Nig
Kaduna interview: that ‘nego!
tions would. continue until right
terms were agreed upon.

“When you are nepotiating
you don't lose your, patience.
When there is tension, you hreak
and then you resume again, that
is how you get things right,’*-he
remarked,

General Buhari said the
government had no confidence in
trustees and business com-
‘munities who might wish to play
the role of the IMF.

He said not much progress had
been made in negotiations with
IMF because of three
dameuta! differences’’ —
devaluation, trade liberalisation
and removal of petroleum sub-
sidies.

LE id the government believ-
edit” Was “not necessary. to
devalue to the extent (60 per
cent) required by the IMF in the
first instance, adding that he
thought the IMF should have
agreed with gradual devaluation.

The IMF was also still insisting
on trade liberalisation and
removing petroleum subsidies
each of which, the Head of State
said, was “fraught with danger”.

The IMF conditions, he observ-
ed, would create inflation, make
workers demand more pay and
make the government print
“more useless currency which is
not backed by’ suffigient foreign
exchange.”

3400/901

90

He said the IMF might have
realised that there was no point
liberalising trade when there was
no foreign exchange and stressed
that the government firmly
believed in controlling imports
into the country.

“If you allow Nigerians an open
license for handkerchiefs, they
will bring two billion Naira hand-
kerchiefs in one year, whether it
is the handkerchief they brought
or the money they take out, this is
how the economy was ruined’.
General Buhari stated.

He said while reconciling our
foreign debt in trade arrears, a
lot of people had refused to come
out and explain the goods they
claimed to have brought into the
country.

He said trade arrears not in-
volving government financial
agencies now amounted to about
five billion dollars (about 44.5
billion) and were the main pro-
blem behind unavailability of
foreign credit facilities.

NIGERIA


cso:

“construction and en-
gineering consul-
tancy" to be under-
taken by government
through its minist-
ries Agencies and
Public Corporations,
shall be channelled
through the National
Bidding
“whether. or not the
project provided for
in such contract is
being financed by gov-
ernment or external
sources."

"In the event this
procedure is not fol-
lowed", the decree em-
powers the National
Bidding Committee to
declare "null and void
the awarding of such
contract".

Under Decree Number
Nine, the National
Bidding Committee
shall at all times
give preference to the
awarding of contracts
to Liberian Construc-
tion Firms with the
capability and expe-
rience in the execu-
tion of projects
covered under such
contracts.

The decree further
states that the bidd-
ing committee shall as
its criteria, consider
a margin of ten per-
cent between the bid
of an international
construction firm,
meaning that "where
there exists a 10 per
cent margin between
the bid of an interna-
tional construction
firm and a Liberian
construction firm, the
National Bidding Com-
mittee shall give con-
sideration to the Li-
berian construction
firm."

3400/915

Committee, .

28

Under Decree Number
Nine, the term "Libe-
rianconstruction firm"
shall mean a firm that
has shares in the
amount of 51 per cent
or more owned by a Li-
berian citizen.

Decree Number Nine
takes immediate effect
upon the signature of
the Head of State.
LINA


1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680

Dawid Ngwenya
Mncedi Neandana
John Lebalio
Samuel Gobile
Wandile Tshica

Thozamile Monwabisi

Lindile Monwabisi
Lungelwa Suhef

Port Elizabeth
"

Fort Beaufort
Port Elizabeth
in

The names of those released are (the numbering follows SAPA'S earlier list):

Name

905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
945
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923.
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942

Sipho Mote
Pumzile Dingana
Tetele Mbosa

Joe Masisa
Zukizani Matendola
Myandile Wombongwa
Sunnyboy Prince
Mandla Tembe
Zwelizina Nobebe
Michael Cowane
Jeremia Tambo
Milindeli Doniso
Zolile Faku
Wilson Maarman
Tembile Maarman
Musanmzi Hogana
Lumkile Ngwelica
Metford Williams
Sabelo Baltini
Mzimbota Fumbata
Victor Manzia
Geru Phillip
Sauiko Mazamini
Mzoxolo Solani
Toyota Gxoyiya
Richard Ntumbane
Charles Hendricks
Stoffel Hendricks
Viliytle Jantjies
Justice Tutu

Reg Saik

Samson Tayi
Bayani Maningosi
Amojle Atjala
Khioiweli Ngalo
Malusi Skolpat
Mkhuselu -Danieis
Mnytmezeli Nqaini

(No on arrest list)

(621)

(756)

(850)
(1074)
(1075)
(1087)
(1088)
(1089)
(1090)
(1091)
(1092)
(1093)
(1104)
(1006)
(1007)
(1108)
(1109)
(1110)
(1111)
(1112)
(1113)
(1114)
(1115)
(1116)
(1117)
(1118)
(1119)
(1120)
(1121)
(1122)
(1123)
(1124)
(1125)
(1126)
(1127)
(1128)
(1129)
(1130)

128

Magisterial District

Port Elizabeth
"

"

Fort Beaufort

"

Port Elizabeth
"


Other MPs' Resignations

JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 26 Jul 85 p 9

[Text]

cSO:

THE resignation of'Mrs. Grace Ogot from
her position as a nominated MP was
unique in that it was the first time in the’
country that a’ nominated MP has
resigned to contest:a seat. But Kenya has
a long and interesting history of MPs
resigning from parliament.

The first resignation in independent
Kenya came’ from none other than the
country’s ‘second’ vice-president, Mr.
Joseph Murumbi, who resigned from
parliament, and therefore from the vice-
presidency, in 1967. Murumbi said he was
resigning for personal reasons and he quit

: politics all'together.

"~The next-person to quit parliament was

Mr. Odero Jowi, even though his depar-

: ture from parliament ‘can hardly be
described as a resignation. After winning
the Nyakach parliamentary seat in 1974,
Jowi ran off to Canada’ on an. inter.
national job, staying away for so long that,
his seat was eventually declared vacant.

The next resignation came in 1975 when
‘a nominated MP, the late.Mrs. Jemimah.
Gecaga, resigned to make way for ‘her.
brother Dr. Njoroge Mungai, .who was’

‘ duly appointed to replace her.

» One of the most interesting resignations
was that of a former assistant minister for
transport and communications, Mr.
Amos Ng’ang’a, who suddenly resigned
from his Kikuyu parliamentary seat in
Aptil, 1980. Ng’ang’a said he was resign-
ing for personal reasons but, the fol lowing
day, the then attorney-general, Mr.
Charles Njonjo announced that he was
resigning from his position to contest the
vacant Kikuyu seat. Njonjo went on to be

3400/846

12

elected unopposed and later to be appoin-
ted minister for constitutional and home
affairs. Three years later, in June, ‘1983,
Nionjo himself resigned from the seat
soon after learning that President Daniel
arap Moi had suspended him from his
ministerial duties and set up a commis:
sion of inquiry into his conduct after
parliamentarians had hamed him’ as.
being the much-talked-about traitor
being groomed by foreigners to take over
the leadership of the country. During the:
inquiry, the circumstances under which
Ng’ang’a resigned became an issue after it
was alleged that. Ng’ang’a received
shs. 160,000 in consideration for his action
in Njonjo’s favour. -
In between: these events, Kenyans wit-:
nessed yet another interesting saga
following ‘the resignation of the then MP;
for Bordo, Mr. Hezekiah Ougo, in 1981,
Ougo was‘a political protégé of a former
vice-president, Mr,. Oginga Odinga, and
he decided -to-vacate the seat in favour of
Odinga after‘Odinga was finally allowed
to contest elections by the ruling party,
Kanu after yéars ‘of being denied
clearance.” Odinga -got into trouble with
the authorities soon afterwards, however,
when he spoke ill of the former president,
Mzee Jomo: Kenyatta, and he' was subse-

= quently'denied clearance again. It was too

late for Ougo to Presenthis nomination
papers for the by-election for the vacant
seat, ‘and’ the eventual ‘winner, to their
total dismay, was Mr. William Odongo
Omamo, their arch rival, who was elected
unopposed after his only Opponent, Mr.
Gordon. Anyango, was disqualified on .a
technicality, : .


puppets, on the other, that it would stop at nothing to protect them from the
people they are supposed to lead. The massive show of force, which characteris-
ed Windhoek during the week of the installation included the deployment of
tanks and armoured cars throughout the Namibian capital. Heavily armed
police were positioned at every comer and were patrolling every street. A huge
military parade was held along Windhoek’s main avenue, Kaiser Street, followed
by a flypast by the South African airforce.

The ceremonies were however, opposed by the people. Courageously
defying South Africa’s military might, SWAPO and its allies held a protest rally
at the Katutura sports ground in Windhoek, attended by more than 10,000
people opposed to the MPC puppet administration. They were led by the Acting
Vice-President of SWAPO, Hendrik Witbooi, who was the main speaker at the
rally. He vehemently denounced the South African decision to further delay
Namibia’s independence via the inclusion of local collaborators in the running
of Pretoria’s illegal occupation of Namibia with a view to claiming that the
Namibian people were participating in the management of the country’s affairs.
Comrade Witbooi emphasised the fact that the MPC puppets had no mandate

Comrade Hendrik Witbooi addressing the rally. Next to him holding a
microphone is Comrade Jason Angula, SWAPO Internal Secretary for Labour.

whatsoever from the Namibian people to form any kind of government. He _
pointed‘ out that it was precisely because South Africa and its puppets knew
that SWAPO held effective political sway among the masses of the Namibian
people that Pretoria and its hand-picked Namibian stooges continued to run
away from the implementation of the UN plan for the independence of Namibia
whose central issue is the holding of free elections under UN supervision. They
fear that, under conditions of free and fair elections, SWAPO would certainly
be swept to power. This fear is the key motive behind the Pretoria-appointed
“interim government”, Comrade Witbooi stated.

The South African regime hopes that through participation in the
running of its occupation of Namibia, the MPC puppets will gain support among
the Namibian people by appearing to be scrapping at least the so-called petty
anartheid. But Botha should realise that the oppressed people of Namibia will
not be moved or impressed by some cosmetic changes in the South African
system of colonial oppression in our country. Pretoria does not seem to under-
stand that these people will not accept a solution to the Namibian independence
problem which does entail the recognition of their fundamental right to decide

56


1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650

Abel Moghuba
Benjamin Mcghuba
Moses Dikoele
Petrus Letoa
Daniel Letoa
Mishack Mokogma

Benoni
"

Vereeniging
"

"
"

The names of those released are (the numbering follows SAPA'S earlier list):

Name

806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825

826
827

828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842

Gavin Evans

Joy Harnden

Karen Cooper
Sophie Gomo
Graham Joseph
Lazarus Mcanangwa
Elkner Neondesilwa

Constance Mehlomekulu

Jabulani Makhafola
Elliot Nyende
Themba Maluleka
Joseph Ditshego
David Skosana
Abel Mabena

Jacob Moxoena
Rundi Tswala
Jacob Tswane
David Nonluvu
Welcome Coangamene
Philemon Sidu

Jan Mobola
Caleb Mamatsade

Zolile Nkamane

Job Sehlare
Abraham Dabi
Suliman Khota
Nazira Yamed
Motumo Mohiobane
Vuyo Gqoba
Sebastian Reed
Cecil Solo

Aubrey Matshiqi
Norman Ngwedzene
Baleseng Mogodire
Vuzumizi Khanayile
Luyolo Nyoyane
Fezekile Tshabalala

(No; on arrest list)

(1306)
(1307)
(1344)
(1010)
(1214)
(1266)
(1267)
(1268)
(1269)
(1270)
(1273)
(1219)
(1220)
(1221)
(1222)

(991)

(989)

(988)

(990)

Magisterial District

Johannesburg
"

Randburg
Steytlerville
Benoni

"

(1350, but No. does not correspond with

arrest list)

(1351, but No. does not correspond with

arrest list)

(791, but No. does not correspond with

arrest list)
(1305)
(1209)
(1210)
(1211)
(1212)
(1260)
(93)
(205)
(206)
(879)
(880)
(881)
(882)
(896)
(897)

125

Benoni
Vanderbijipark
Vereeniging

"

"

Vanderbijipark
Johannesburg
Cradock

"

Johannesburg
"



Renewal of Licences--Companies: domestic fees raised from Lel00 to Le200,
citizen fees raised from Le250 to Le400, domestic fees raised from Le250 to
Le400, foreign fees raised from Le500 to Le1,000.

Posts and Telecommunications: Telephone charges-~public servants--the flat
rate of Le6é per month charged raised to Lel5 per month.

Civil Aviation: Airport tax is increased from Lel5 to Le20.
Government will continue to examine and adjust the rates of fees charged for

services such as external postal services, registration of legal instruments,
Trade Marks, etc.

cso: 3400/905

109



The Parliamentary Special Assistant, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry,

Mr Suffian Kargbo in his contribution, noted that afforestation is the immediate
answer to drought and called for a legislation that will protect and improve

the natural vegetation.

Mr Suffian Kargbo disclosed that the Ministry of Agriculture encourages farmers
to grow at least two acres of forest. trees in the farm lands in order to replace
timber trees in the country.

The minister of state in the First Vice-President's Office, Mr Alex Koroma,
said in his contribution that mining agreements entered into by the government
have not been made public.

Mr Alex Koroma called on the Mines Minister to look into this seriously and
appealed to government to consider the question of strangers in the mining
areas.

On agriculture, the minister said he could not reconcile why tractors should be
given to individuals when government itself finds it difficult to maintain them.

Mr Koroma observed, that half of the amount spent on salaries and wages was
ungenuine and called on MPs and local authorities to be actively involved in
the enumeration exercise.

The MP for Moyamba South II, Mr Alusine Deen called.for the decentralisation
of the chiefdoms and chiefdom revenues.

Mr Deen accused district officers and their assistants of doing very little to
consolidate revenues collected.

The MP for Kenema South, Mr Leonard Fofana, observed that the ordinary increases
in prices to farmers were reflective of world trade.

cso: 3400/906

111



Student Leaders View Mandela, Others as Heroes

Sowetan Editor Discusses Government Negotiations, Joe
Latakgomo Interview

Air Force Begins Exercise in Transvaal

ANC Women's Section Calls for Intensification of Struggle

Police Say 18 Arrested Since 10 Aug

Police Report 23 More Arrested

Police Report 30 Arrested, 148 Freed

‘Gloomy' Employment Future Forecast
(SOWETAN, 8 Aug 85)..... ccc ccccccccccceseeeseceveuseeeceecs

Strike Seen as Workers' Ultimate Weapon
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 5 Aug 85)..cccccccccececsceceeces

Cusa, Azactu Out of Labor Unity Talks
(SOWETAN, 7 Aug 85)... ...ccccccccccccccecessususteceesceecs

Black Unions Hold Major Merger Talks
(SOWETAN, 8 Aug 85).......ccecseeeeeees

TANZANIA

UGANDA

MP Opposes Abolition of Private Legal Practice
(Mkumbwa Ally, Habbi Gunze; DAILY NEWS, 20 Jul 85).........

Plan To Raise Tazara Wages
(DAILY NEWS, 20 Jul B5) cece cece cece ce ce nceseeeeeseeececees

Airline Servicing, Heavy Fuel 0il Costs Discussed
(DAILY NEWS, 22 Jul 85)......ccecccecceecceeccecceuccceeces

Financing Needed for Road Project With Mozambique
(Ernest Ambali; DAILY NEWS, 20 Jul 85)........seecceeceecs

Mtwara RIC Nets Profit
(DAILY NEWS, 20 Jul 85)...... cee cceeccecceeccecscecceucces

Morogoro RTC Refutes Debt Claim
(DAILY NEWS, 22 Jul 85). ....c cee cccccceeceecceeeceuceeecs

Glass Plant Handed Over by Belgian Company
(Michael Millinga; DAILY NEWS, 22 Jul B5) ceeccceeeececeecs

Briefs

Clients Owe TPTC 70 Million
National Economic Sabotage Tribunal

Briefs
Students Protest Harassment

-f£-

117
118

120
122
124
127

131

132

134

135

136

137

139

140

141

142

143

144

144

145


JPRS*SSA=85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA

GOVERNMENT TO MERGE CUSTOMS, IMMIGRATION DEPARTMENTS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 24 Jul 85 pp 1, 3

[Text]

THE Federal Military
Government has decided to
merge the Department of
Customs and Excise with the
Imnugration Department,a
white paper on the study
kraup on Customs and Ex-
cise has said.

According to the white
paper released in Lagos
seslerday, the Federal
Government decided to
merge the (wo departments
because of their inter-
related functions.

The white paper said to
this end, the Customs and
Management Act Number 55
of 1958 would be reviewed
and replaced with a new
body to be known as Customs.
and Immigration Board.

The Study Group on
Customs and Smuggling was
set up last September 4 with
Alhaji Yahaya Gusau as its
chairman,

The study group had
recommended that member-
ship.of the Customs’ and Im-
migration Service Commis-
sion should be made up of a
chairman who should be a
private person of proven in-
tegrity appointed by the
Head of State and its
tetubers made up of a Director-
General of Customs, a police of-
ficer, a member from the
A of Finance, Commerce
as well as Transport

and Aviation i
ther five members of the

hoard, the study group recom

mended should’ be ‘appointed
from outside the civil service. _

The White Paper however said
the government did not accept
redesignation of the Director of
Qustoms and Excise to Director-
General.

cso: 3400/901

‘The government said the board
should be made up of the minister
responsible for customs and ex-
cise and immigration matters
who would be the chairman.

Government said other
members of the proposed board
would be made up of the Director
of Customs and Excise, Director
of Immigration, a representative
of the Permanent Secretary of
the Ministry of Finance, Com-
merce and Industry, Transport
and Aviation as well. as Internal
Affairs.

Others would be two members
appointed from outside the civil
service and an administrative
secretary, the whitepaper said.

The government also accepted
the recommendations that the

functions of the management -

committee should be constituted
to make it more purposeful and
that the membership should in-
clude a Director-General who
would .be its chairman while
other members would be a direc-
tor, legal adviser and head of ac-
counting unit of the customs
department.

The government also accepted
the recommendation thal the func-
tions of the management commit-
tee should include appointment of
junior officers on Grade Level
01-06, disciplinary matters for
those grade officers, implemen-
tation of the policy laid down by
the commission, approval of pay-
ment of award to the officers sul
ject to the decision establishing
the proposed board.

White Paper also said the
government accepted the recom-
mendation that the Director of
Qustoms and Excise should be
placed on Grade Level 17.

It said the government had
directed the establishment and

88

training department of the office
of the Secretary to the Federal
Military Government and Head
of Service to undertake the
necessary study and make ap-
propriate recommendation in
respect of the salary grade.

government also agreed
with the recommendation that
the post of Deputy Director of the
department should be renamed
director and that there should be
six posts of directors.on Grade
Level 16, 18 posts of assistant
directors on Grade Level 15 and
40 contollers of customs and ex-
dse.

The White Paper said that the
government had also directed
that the recommendation should
be studied and ‘appropriate
recommendation made by the
establishment and training
department of the office of the
Secretary to the Federal Military
Government. :


JPRS*SSA*85°081
3 September 1985

LIBERIA

INA MEMBER JEFFY CALLS FOR PARASTATAL SALES
Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 11 Jul 85 pp 1, 6
[Article by Gabriel Nyanfor]

[Text] Government has been urged to sell non-profitable public corporations
in order to help revatilize the Liberian economy,

A member of the Interim National Assembly (INA) Paul R, Jeffy, said govern-
ment should stop wasting scarce finances on public entities which are not
making any contribution towards the improvement of the nation's economy.

Re~echoing the call yesterday during a Managing Directors Seminar held at the
Ducor Palace Hotel in Monrovia, Mr. Jeffy recommended that government retain
profitable public enterprises like the Liberia Petroleum Refinery Corpor-
ation, the Liberia Produce Marketing Corporation, the Liberia Telecommunica-
tion Corporation and few others which have proved viable.

He told some 100 participants including managing and deputy directors of
several state-owned and private enterprises, that one way government could
implement his proposal, is by either consolidating some of the agricultural
corporations or sell out some of its commercial oriented agricultural insti-
tutions to private entities especially in the oil palm area.

Mr, Jeffy a one-time deputy Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs, said
if government implement the proposal, it would reduce the huge amount of sub-
sidies and loan guarantees providing to some 25 public corporations,

He said government subsidies to these state-owned enterprises rose from $10
million in 1979 to $19 million in 1981,

The increase was due to the mushrooming of these institutions in the late
"708s, he said,

Mr, Jeffy said on the line of loans, government guaranteed about $150.7 mil-

lion on behalf of the public corporations between 1981 and 1982 while $39
million was spent on debt services payment over a nine year period,

33



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

[Latakgomo] Unfortunately we have in South Africa a situation where white
South Africa has survived on the basis of a minority rule, and, quite under-
standably, they fear majority rule. And I am deliberately not saying black
majority rule. Because of that fear, they see around every corner dangers
which are generally nonexistent. I believe that we can and will, in this
country, eventually get together, negotiate a settlement on the basis of give-
and-take. P.W. Botha has his own constituency to protect. We believe that our
leaders will have their own constituency to protect. And only through a
give-and-take process of negotiation can some acceptable solution be arrived at.

Air Force Begins Exercise in Transvaal
MB081602 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 8 Aug 85

[Text] The Air Force exercise "Golden Eagle" got off to a good start today
on the first of a 5-day action.

An Air Force spokesman, Brigadier (Billy Steyn) said this morning's exercise
went according to plan. He said the aim of exercise was to test the effective-
ness of the command and control, logistical, and communications systems of the
Air Force. He said despite the current economic situation the exercise could
be justified in terms of cost effectiveness.

A special restricted airspace in the west of the northern Transvaal has been
promulgated for the exercise.

ANC Women's Section Calls For Intensificaiton of Struggle
EA111724 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT 9 Aug 85
[Statement by the Women's Section of the ANC]

[Text] From [words indistinct] to all our friends of the world [words indistinct]
29th anniversary of the historic march by 20,000 women to the Union building

in Pretoria, the racist administration's capital, under the banner of the
Federation of the South African Women to ‘protest against the evil system of
passes and of oppressive laws. Since then, this day has been marked as South
Africa Womens Day.

In 1981 the UN General Assembly declared this day as an international day of
solidarity with the struggle of women in South Africa and Namibia. We mark 9
August this year when a state of emergency has’ been declared in 36 districts
of South Africa. Hundreds of old and young men and women are detained, while
many continue to be killed. Among those killed is Victoria Mxenge, whose
husband Griffiths Mxenge was murdered by the racist regime 4 years ago.
Victoria Mxenge, a dedicated fighter for democracy and peace in ‘our country,
was brutally shot by those in the pay of the regime.

The declaration of state of emergency is a clear admission by the regime that

it is losing control. In the past months we have made important advances
in making apartheid unworkable and our country ungovernable. We have been in

120


JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

NIGERIA

NADAMA RECEIVES LIFE IMPRISONMENT, FINES
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 27 Jul 85 p 1
[Article by Tawey Zakka]

[Excerpt] FORMER Sokoto Sta-

te Governor, Dr. Garba
Nadama, is to spend
the rest of his life in
jail, Special Military
Tribunal, Kaduna
Zone, pronounced
yesterday.

In addition, Dr. Nadama

is to pay to the Federal
Government over 4.774
million Naira he. corruptly
amassed while in office.
The tribunal found him
guilty on three of the four
charges. te was freed on
the count that charged him
with breaching the code of
conduct for public officers
by accepting a one million
Naira kickback on a road
contract awarded by the
Sokoto State Government.

According to tribunal Chair-
man, Brigadier Peter
Adomokai, that count
amounted to ‘‘double jeopar-
dy" as it had been covered by
another count.

The first of the three counts
n which the tribunal held Dr.
Nadama guilty was that he
corruptly enriched himself by
accepting one million Naira
from one Mr. Sarit Kumar

Roy of Roads Nigeria Limited
through his nephew, Alhaji
Umaru Garba on a contract
for the construction of Rabah
Gandi—Bakura Road.

The second was that he
knowingly made a false
declaration of his assets
valued at over 904,000 Naira
on the Declaration of Assets
Form B in Lagos on May 2 last

ar.
vThe third count read that
Dr, Nadama made a false
declaration of stocks and
shares worth about 2.87
million Naira which were held
by the former governor's
nephew on his behaif in the In-
ternational Bank for West
Africa Ltd. (IBWA) and First
Bank (Nigeria) Ltd., both in
Sokoto.

Dr. Nadama was sentenced
to 21 years’ imprisonment each
n the first two counts and fife
imprisonment on the third.
‘The sentences. however, ac-
cording to Brigadier
Adomokai would run concur,
rently., 3



JPRS*SSA*85*081
3 September 1985

The Liberian Leader August, and the
further said that in balance 25 per cent at
view cf the present at a date to be an-
financial constraints nounced later.
the nation is expe- Meanwhile, Dr. Doe
riencing, and conside= also disclosed yester-
ting that most familie day that. because of
are involved with pay- the urgency of the si-
ing school fees at tuation, government
this time, the 50 has identified some
per cent salary dedu~ funds to facilitate
cation will be car- the immediate opera.
vied out in — two tion of the 10 kilo-
phases: 25 percent watt transmitter
during the month of which has broken down.,

Financial Sacrifice Worth It
Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 1 Aug 85 pp 1, 6
[Editorial]

[Text] THE DECISION ANNOUNCED by the Head of State Monday to-
institute a salary deduction on all gainfully
employed Liberians and a house-to-house
contribution for people in the rural areas
towards the rehabilitation of the national
radio station, is a clear manifestation of
the importance the government attaches to the
improvement of the nation's public broadcast-
ing network.

THIS I$ NOT THE FIRST TIME that the general public is
bing called upon to chip in to tide the na-
tions broadcasting facilities over its turbu-
lent financial situation. In 1979, a major
public investment of millions of dollars was
made through loans which are still being
financed from public taxation. In récent
times, the series of "LBS EXPO" fund-raising
activities have drawn generous financial and
material contributions from private citizens,
foreign residents as well as public and pri-
vate business enterprises.

36