and home, collecting intelligence, protection of national keypoints and
vulnerable and other important spots in the area. They will also render
support to the action force, police and civil defense. They will also be a
source of local knowledge. They will be involved in the action force to a
lesser extent. Here they render assistance to the police with road blocks,
crowd control, cordons and searches and maintaining a curfew regulation. They
must patrol the area and pursue the enemy until other help has been obtained.
They also support the area protection force and help with intelligence
collection.

The admission requirements were: They must be born RSA citizens, have no
criminal records, have a positive attitude toward the SADF, have a healthy and
firm domestic background, must be able to speak Afrikaans and/or English and
not have any speech defect, and be able to communicate with confidence.
School qualifications were not a requirement, and the recruits were medically
tested beforehand. Bodies such as the community council and the SAP and
employers like ESCOM, Water Affairs and farmers nominated people for the broad
testing. Those who got the most votes in the nomination process were
selected. How permanently they have been settled in the region was also
looked at. A person who is going to look for work in another region or who
continually travels around will not be of any value to the commando. The
members were orally evaluated and the best student designated at the end of
the training period. He was Edward Leeuw, a 30-year old insurance policy
salesman from Reddersburg. Mr Leeuw is married and has four children.

The training was held at Jagersfontein, which also houses the headquarters of
Group 26. The grounds used for the training are the old living quarters of
the diamond mine which was at Jagersfontein. The grounds have already been
used many times in the past for commando training by Group 26 and are
eminently suited for that. The town council made the area available to Group
26 for the training. ‘The course leader was Maj H.L. Terblanche and the course
sergeant major was Sgt W.A. du Plessis. The men were split up into three
platoons according to their school qualifications and age. Each platoon had
its own platoon sergeant and platoon commander. In addition, officers from
the various commandos presented lectures.

A number of aspects were covered during training, such as intelligence,
disciplinary measures, fieldcraft, handling, maintenance and safekeeping of
equipment, security, ethnology (black as compared to white), weapons skill,
protection of house and home, guards and sentries, vehicle and pedestrian
control, immediate action drills and mine awareness. The members must get at
least 50 percent in the oral evaluation. After completing the training, the
members must be able to functionally integrate into the various commandos.
Drill was a major part of the program, and the course was concluded with a big
parade to which representatives of the community councils were invited. W/o 1
A.J.J. Hatting, RSM of OFS Command, came to coach the parade. Cmdt
[Commandant= Lt Col] J.W. Louw and Capt G.P. Visser received Faithful Service
Medals, and Capt Visser and CO S. Serfontein received H SADF Commendation
Certificates from Col I.P. Maas, Commander of Group 26, at the time of the

parade.

54



“As the demand for labour increases, employers are retrenching or not re-
newing contracts and workers are returning to the national states where they
become invisible for the purposes of official surveys," he said.

Dr Simkins said there was "a crying need for a major investigation into
unemployment," but that this would have. to be done by the government. "It
would be an impossible task for an individual," he said.

Prof Sadie said the actual loss of jobs was less important than the dearth
of employment opportunities for newcomers to the job market.

"Unless the economy begins to grow to provide for these people, the situation
will deteriorate year by year."

Dr Simkins said the eight per cent decrease in real earnings from 1984 to
1986 was also a major cause for concern.

The growth in the symptoms of poverty, such as malnutrition, political
tension and crime, were caused by a combination of unemployment and increas—
ingly low wages, he said.

/6662
cso: 3400/97

END

118



JPRS-SSA-g6,
-10,
29 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

PRIME MINISTER VISITS MAPUTO SUPPLIES CENTER
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Sep 86 p 2

[Text]"Constant control and checking are required in the enterprises," declared
the prime minister, Mario Machungo, yesterday during a visit that he paid to
the supply enterprise in the city of Maputo. The head of the government noted
that the checking of accounts must be done "one 500 after another," as a means
of maximizing the profitability of the enterprises and preventing misappropria-—
tions.

Mario Machungo, who was accompanied by the vice minister of trade, Prakash
Ratilal, and several directors of that ministry, arrived early in the morning
at the offices of the city of Maputo's supply enterprise, starting a lengthy
visit to the offices. He took pains to check in detail the enterprise's
economic circuit, specifically analyzing the stock sheets, the accounting
books, and the sheets on cash and banking transactions.

During his stay, the prime minister took the trouble to compare the accounting
statistical data with the actual supplies in storage; but, also in the offices,
he even observed the inside of the secretaries’ desk drawers, noting that many
were untidy, with important documents in piles and very messy. "I am doing
this so that you will understand that we are right when we criticize," he
remarked. .

That enterprise, responsible for the purchase, storage, and distribution of
goods of prime necessity assigned to every family by GOAM [Office for the
Organization of Provisioning], has good infrastructures and a work system which,
if it operated properly, could become an example of efficiency.

In fact, it was noted yesterday that the warehouses appeared to be tidy, with
various commodities organized.in separate piles, and provided with shelf signs
indicating the amount of products present in each one at any time.

But appearance alone is not the most important thing, as attested by the fact
that it is EACM's [city of Maputo supply enterprise] largest clients, the
consumer cooperatives, that are the first to: complain, specifically criticizing
differences in weight and long delays in service.

20



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SURVEY SHOWS EXPORTS INCREASE, ECONOMY UP
MB020502 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2103 GMT 1 Oct 86

[Text] Stellenbosch, Oct 1 SAPA--Thirty nine per cent of industrialists
replying to a survey of the Stellenbosch Buréau for Economic Research consid-
ered that sanctions would create serious problems for them, while 43 per
cent expected fewer problems.

In its latest manufacturing survey, the bureau said exports in fact increased
in the first half of this year compared with the. same period last. year. A
further relative increase is expected for the last six months of the year,
according to SABC radio news.

The bureau said South African businessmen would have to use to the full the
opportunities created by import replacement stemming from sanctions.

Techniques and skills gained in manufacturing for the local market should be
used to expand considerably South Africa's export production.

It said the economy did not perform up to expectations during the first half
of this year, but there had been an improvement in the third quarter.

Contributing factors to the improvement were increased retail sales, the
position of the balance of payments, which allows South Africa to replay its
foreign debt, the higher gold price and a higher dollar value for the rand
and a drop in the bank rate.

A continued improvement in the manufacturing sector was forecast for the
fourth quarter of this year.

/6662
cso: 3400/97

114



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

NO TOTAL BAN ON FOREIGN JOURNALISTS--East London, Sept 30,SAPA--South Africa
would never place an absolute prohibition on foreign journalists, the minister
of home affairs, Mr Stoffel Botha, said today. He was replying to a resolu~
tion at the Cape National Party Congress ‘calling for stricter control over
foreign journalists and visitors. He said the country's foreign missions had
built up an "excellent data bank on journalists worldwide... Our security
services also make their contribution." International interest in the coun-
try had escalated since the middle of last year and an average of more than
115 entry applications from foreign journalists were received monthly. "This
government doesn't want to muzzle the news, because it has nothing to hide,"
he said. Many "slanderous" reports, however, left the country and were often i
smuggled-—-particularly TV news--across borders. When applications were re-
ceived, the particular newspaper and journalist's background and. character
were investigated and it often happened that media representatives were sum-
marily asked to leave the country. "Often their seniors then come here and
undertake to put across a more balanced view," Mr Botha said. The worst
"culprits" the government had’ to deal with, however, were so-called South
African "stringers," who sent "slanderous" reports abroad under pseudonyms

and sometimes without any name. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1608
GMT 30 Sep 86 MB]  /6662

CP ON CHURCH UNITY, ELECTIONS--The leader of the Conservative Party [cP]

Dr Andries Treurnicht, says people who object to politics being brought into
the church should not be regarded as wanting to create a split in the church.
Speaking at a public meeting at Stellenbosch, Dr Treurnicht says people
calling for unity in religion and the church must not bring political slo-
gans, formulae, and goals into the church. He said that Afrikaans and
English speaking whites with a similar outlook wanted to be recognised as a
nation. They felt aggrieved because other nations had their own country and
citizenship, but they had land shared by all and a common citizenship.

Dr Treurnicht said they had a right to their own area, ruled by themselves.
Referring to rumors of an election, Dr Treurnicht said the state president
had delayed announcing an election because he did not ‘have the support of his
own people, and opposition to reform measures which he had announced was grow-
ing [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 1 Oct 86 MB]
16662

63



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

TUTU SAYS SANCTIONS VOTE ‘MORAL DECISION'
MB030938 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0911 GMT 3 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg Oct 3 SAPA--The onus was on the South African Govern-
ment to reverse the United States Congress decision in favour of sanctions,
Archbishop Desmond Tutu said today. The Anglican archbishop of Cape Town
caused controversy last year when he called on the international community
to impose sanctions against South Africa. "The sanctions are conditional.
The onus is.on the South African Government. If it takes the action we have
all been advocating, then there will be no sanctions," Archibishop Tutu said.
"The Senate has taken a moral decision. This is not anti-South African
action, it is anti-injustice, anti-apartheid. It is pro-South Africa. It
is for justice, freedom and democracy," he said.

The Reverend Pepter Storey, past president of the Methodist Church of
Southern Africa, supported Archbishop Tutu’s view... "It would be quite wrong
to direct our anger at America at this time, because those who hold the key
to sanctions are in the union buildings and if they would institute the
changes we have been calling for so long, there would be no sanctions,"

Mr Storey said. He believed it was.a sad day for South Africa... "Nobody in
their right mind wants to see our. economy weakened, but the church has
warned that ultimately we would reach a stage of confrontation with the
civilised world. These are still relatively ‘modest steps and I would believe
they are meant to be a warning to change before it is too late. I can only
pray that they will have that effect on our government," Mr Storey said.

The chief ecumenical affairs and.information officer of the Nederbuitse
Gereformeerde Kerk [Dutch Reformed Church, NGK], Dr Pierre Rossouw, said that
it fell outside the competence of the church to involve itself with instru-
ments of political change, such as sanctions. The church should remain the
church and should not try to be.a political pressure group. . "The danger is
that when the church moves on terrain where it is out of its depth, it cannot
foresee all the implications of. non-church methods like sanctions," he said.
He believed that the church should limit itself to using church methods,. such
as prayer, preaching and witnessing. The NGK's policy was to bear witness
against injustices in the implementation of the laws of the land and against
inhuman laws, he said.

/6662
csO: 3400/102

74



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

BENIN

BRIEFS

PRC DONATES MEDICAL SUPPLIES--The cooperation existing between Benin and the
PRC is doing well. In fact, the PRC ambassador to the People's Republic of
Benin, [name not given], on behalf of the PRC Government, has just donated a
consignment of drugs and medical equipment worth more than 5 million CFA
francs to the Bebinese Government. The presentation ceremony took place
this afternoon at the Ministry of Public Health and in the presence of
Public Health Minister Andre Atchade and some officials of the Ministries
of Health and Foreign Affairs. The minister of foreign affairs was repre-
sented at the ceremony. All these personalities were present at the ceremony
to attest to the good relations existing between our country and the PRC,
Speaking on the occasion, the PRC ambassador expressed satisfaction with the
excellent relations between the two countries and expressed the hope that
the fruitful cooperation between the PRC and Benin would be strengthened.

As for the minister of public health, Andre Atchade, he sincerely thanked
the PRC for its assistance to our country and recalled that this is the
second time this year that the PRC has donated drugs and medical equipment
to penne [Excerpt] [Cotonou Domestic Service in French 1930 GMT 29 Sep 86
AB] = /9274 °

cso: 3400/125

10


they have come to recognize in the main is that things can no longer
continue in the old way. They recognize that the vast majority of the
oppressed are not willing to tolerate the continuation of the system of
racial domination for 1 day more: That they are demonstrating day-in and
day-out and that they are willing to give their very lives in order to
destroy that system.

Now these people have become, in.a word, realistic. They have come to
realise that if things continue in the way they are now, the level of
violence inside the country will escalate and consequently also subse~
quent bitterness arising out of the level of violence will also be very
high, and what they are interested in is calling a halt to the escalating
and deepening crisis of the system of white racial domination and would
like to find a way out of the crisis.

They have come with various proposals. Most of their proposals are
extremely shortsighted. Most of their proposals are very shallow.

Most of their proposals are not very well thought out. Many of them

still continue to believe that Botha is a sincere reformer. Many of them
still continue to believe that it is possible to have some sort of dialogue
with Botha and a process of change initiated over which Botha presides.
Some of. them seem to think that the way out of the crisis is to somehow
find a formula through which you can conciliate the evils of apartheid,
right [as heard] with the good of liberation. These are very shortsighted
notions.

But I think they will learn from experience that this is in fact not
possible. What I think the ANC can say to these people is that if they
want to distance themselves from the racist regime, if they want to
demonstrate that they are no longer supporters of the racist regime,
there are a number of demonstrative actions that they can take.

And there are examples that one can quote on this. You see for instance
recently it came to public notice--well, it was not that recent, it was

a year ago--that in many of the mines owned by the Anglo-American Corpora-
tion, in the dining rooms, in some of the recreation areas, even in some

of the sleeping areas, the Anglo-American Corporation had installed
canisters of disabling gas which could be released in the case of industrial
unrest on these mines.

Now the Anglo-American Corporation is not required by apartheid laws to

do that, it did that of its own volition. Why did it do that? If it wants
to demonstrate that it is not like Botha who responds to the struggles of
the African workers with violence and (?dispersal of) tear gas, let the
Anglo-American Corporation take demonstrative action and take out that
disabling gas from its mines.

Equally, the South African mines, whether it is the gold fields, whether
it is coal fields, whether it is the diamond fields, have some of the most
appallingly low safety standards. If you look at the figures of people
who are injured and lose their lives in mining accidents, they are

69



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

MANICA THREATENED WITH LACK OF BEEF--Over the next 3 years, Manica Province
might be deprived of beef consumption, owing to the thefts of cattle and the
constant moving of the population, prompted by the armed bandits" destabilizing
activity. This announcement was made on Thursday to Governor Rafael Maguni,
during his visit to the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture, in the provin-
cial capital of Manica, Chimoio. On that occasion, the provincial director
of agriculture in Manica informed the governor that action would be taken
during the next 3 years to increase the supply of cattle. Of the 60,000 head
of cattle that the province had during previous years, there has now been a
reduction to 28,000, as a result of the aforementioned causes. [Text] [Maputo
NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Sep 86 p 2] 2909

COOPERATION WITH FRG STUDIED-~Yesterday afternoon, in Maputo, talks began
between our country and the FRG, aimed at analyzing the bilateral cooperation
program currently under way, as well as planning activities for the 2-year
period 1986-87. The talks, which are being held in the facilities of the
National Planning Commission, are part of regular meetings held between the
two countries. The Mozambican delegation to the meeting is headed by Joao
Carrilho, national director of the Rural Development. Department; while that

of the FRG is led by Dr Rainer Barthelt, chief of the Division for Southern
Africa of the FRG's Ministry of Cooperation. The meeting participants will
debate the bilateral cooperation in the areas of transportation and communica-
tions, in which there is a project to rehabilitate derricks in the ports of
Maputo, Beira, and Nacala, as well as the emergency power plant in the port of
Maputo. Also to be analyzed is the project to rehabilitate diesel power plants
of FRG origin existing all over the country, including the Maputo thermal power
plant and the construction of the Telex power plant in the city of Beira. The
program for assistance to family farming in Manica, to the food reserve siloes
in Maputo, and to the Highway Training School in the town of Xai-Xai will also
be a topic for analysis during the talks started yesterday. The Mozambican
delegation to the meeting will make some proposals aimed at having the coopera-
tion between the two countries include the health and education areas in the
future. The delegation from the Federal Republic of Germany arrived in Maputo
yesterday for a 3-day visit. During this interval, the visitors will ‘contact
officials from education, light and food industry, health, transportation and
communications, and agriculture. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Sep
86 p 2] 2909

cs0: 3442/9

27



JPRS-SSA~86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

CHURCH LEADER DETAILS RELIEF PROJECTS~-Harare, 23 Sep (SAPA)--The Presbyterian
Church of South Africa has undertaken various projects to ease the
suffering of blacks in the country. In an interview with the semi-official
Zimbabwean news agency, ZIANA, the Presbyterian director of Christian

aid, Mr Phil Corbin, said the church was involved in many projects
directed mainly at South African black communities. Attending a week-long
general assembly of the southern African Presbyterian Church, whose 170
participants are drawn from Zambia, South Africa and Zimbabwe, he said one
of the projects involved erection of a general use building in the new
Cape Peninsula city of 500,000 people at Khayelitsha. Their denominants
in the United States donated R300,000 for the project. Mr Corbin said
among their community activities the church had established about 32 child
care centers throughout the republic. The church was also doing all in
its power, in conjunction with the South African Government to help about
100,000 Mozambican refugees with essentials like soap, milk powder and
clothing, he said. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1229 GMT

23 Sep 86] /9604

CHURCH CONFERENCE CALLS FOR MANDELA RELEASE--The Presbyterian Church has
called for the release of Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners.
At an assembly held in Harare, the Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa
sent letters to South African State President P.W. Botha and Law and
Order Minister Louis ‘le Grange setting out its demands. The assembly of
160 delegates, which includes members from Zimbabwe, Zambia, and South
Africa, said they do not condone violence but appreciate and understand
why the ANC is waging an armed struggle. They continue by saying that the
ANC and the PAC [Pan Africanist Congress] have for a long time advocated
peaceful change, but this has been met with violence fromthe state. The
assembly also expressed its dismay at the indiscriminate’ manner in which
people are being arrested and detained in South Africa. The church has
been involved in many projects in South Africa directed mainly at black
communities, the latest being a general use building in Khayelitsha in
the Western Cape. [Text] [Umtata Capital Radio in English 1300 GMT

23 Sep 86] /9604

PRETORIA STUDENTS VOTE TO REMAIN WITH ASB--Students at the University of
Pretoria have voted to remain affiliated to the Afrikaner Studentebond (ASB),
a cultural organisation. The decision opens the way for other universities to
vote for continued affiliation to the ASB. This follows the recent split when
liberal students broke away from. the organisation because of its right-wing
leanings. Only 18,21 percent of the Pretoria students voted. However, the
chairman of the Tuks student council, Mr Buurman Botha, said he was satisfied
vison outcome. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 25 Sep 86 p 3]

cso: 3400/119 98 ‘



NRA RECRUITMENT EFFORT FAILS IN WEST NILE

Kampala FINANCIAL TIMES in English 22 Sep 86 pp 1, 6

[Text]

African leaders often refer to.
France as West Africa’s “gen-
darme”. And last week’s deci-
sion to send troops to the West
African state of Togo after an
‘attempted coup, showed the
French Government is still
committed to using armed
forces to help keep its allies in
power in Africa.

Besides Cuba, France is the
only foreign power to have
thousands of troops in Africa.

There. are 7300 French sol- °
diers in Africa, says Miss *

Helen Kitchen, director of the

‘African Studies Programme at :

the Centre for Strategic and In-
ternational Studies at George-
town University in Washington.

They are stationed at strate-
gic bases in Senegal, Ivory
Coast, Gabon, Djibouti and the
Central African Republic.

In addition the French Navy
makes use of Reunion Island
and the Comores as supply
points for its Indian Ocean
naval force.

In addition troops from the
French Foreign Legion are sta-
tioned in Mayotte, in the Co-
mores archipelago.

‘And the 47000-strong Rapid’

Action Force, stationed in Tou-
louse, can be called to inter-
vene in Africa at any moment.

While last week’s interven-
tion in Togo to save the regime
of General Gnassingbe Eyade-
ma was small, France has in-

19274
cso: 3400/147

tervened in a larger scale in
Zaire and Chad.

In 1977 and 1978 French
troops were called to save
Zaire’s copper-rich province of
Shaba from falling to rebels.

In 1983 French troops and
planes intervened in Chad to
protect the Government of
President Hissene Habre from
‘Libyan-backed rebels.

In July France showed its
military muscle in West Africa
when 1500 French troops took
part in a military exercise near
Libreville, in Gabon.

France’s military commit-
ment to Africa is largely due to
its economic interests.

Last year it was estimated
that 300000 French. citizens
were doing business or serving
in a wide range of advisory,
technical and educational roles
in Africa. .

There are said to be more
French citizens in Ivory Coast
now than there were when it
was a French colony.

The Paris-based African De-
fence Journal says that one of
‘the main aims of French policy
towards Africa “has been to
avoid the forming of zones of
tension that might be detri-
mental to France’s interests.”

France has defence agree-
ments with eight African coun-
tries, the most recent one,
signed in 1983, with Togo.

France intervened there last
week at the request of Presi-
dent Eyadema.

34

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

UGANDA

These agreements authorise
French forces to engage in op-
erations in those eight coun-/
tries — Cameroon, Comores,
Ivory Coast, Djibouti, Gabon,
Central African Republic, Sen-‘
egal and Togo. {

In addition France has “tech- -
nical military assistance
agreements” with 24 African
countries.

Two African military acade--
mies in Zaire and Ivory Coast
where officers from several
African countries are trained
are run under French guidance
thus assuring Paris a say in the
training of top-level officers
from several countries. j

Hundreds of African army!
officers are also trained in‘
France itself. This year Diibou-'
ti alone has 100 men being
trained in France.

The African Defence Journal
says that France has recently
began to expand its field of in-
fluence to the Portuguese-
speaking countries in the conti-
nent.

France now plays a role in
equipping the armed forces of
Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau
and this is expected to open the
way for a close co-operation
with Mozambique and Angola.

The Angolan rebel group
Unita has said that the Angolan
army is now also using French
helicopters.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

POWERS OF SEARCH GIVEN TO PRIVATE SECURITY FIRMS CRITICIZED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Sep 86 p 15

{Text ]

Powers of search now being given to private securi-
ty firms have led to strong criticism of Minister of
Law and Order Mr Louis le Grange.

One former divisional commissioner of police
branded it a cheap alternative to providing the coun-
try with a proper police force.

In terms of legislation already enacted and new
legislation to be laid before Parliament next year,
private security firms will have powers not pre-
viously conferred under the penal code. .

Brigadier Rocco de Villiers, retired Commissioner
of Police for the Witwatersrand, described the “A-
teams” as a cheap substitute for a proper police
force.

He added: “People often refer to South Africa as a
police state, but we have fewer policemen per thou-
sand of population than most Western countries. *

“That is why they have to use the army in Soweto.
There are simply not enough policemen. The South
African Police has always been the Cinderella of the
Civil Service.”

Another former police officer, who prefers to re-
main anonymous, also hit out at police reservists,
and claimed many joined up for ulterior motives. “A
man could be an insurance assessor — and be on the
spot where a crime has been committed.”

Mr le Grange described legislation enacted last
year as a “milestone in the history of security in the
Republic”.

In the next session of Parliament, legislation will
be enacted to enforce standards for uniforms for pri-

113104

cso: 3400/118

59

vate security officials. This has already led to reac-
tion from Mr Eugene TerreBlanche’s Afrikaner
Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) because it includes all
uniforms with a military appearance.

Members of the AWB’s military wing, the Brand-
wag, wear uniforms, although they have not offi-
cially been told to do so. It is now expected the AWB
will send a directive advising members not to wear
uniform, |

_ In explaining recent legislation on private security
firms, Mr le Grange said the penal code gave them
inadequate powers to conduct searches. .

Now they had wide powers of search, Mr le
Grange said.

@ Any person entering a’ property can be asked by
private security official for proof of identity.

@ He can be forced to provide his name and other
relevant information. .

@ He may be made to-state whether he is carrying a
dangerous weapon.

@ He can be forced to explain the contents of any
vehicle, handbag, suitcase, envelope or parcel.

@He may be forced to subject himself to an elec-
tronic-search, or any other method of search, and
ordered to hand: over for safe-keeping any articles
deemed dangerous.

@If a security official has reason to believe a
person could be carrying a dangerous object, the sus-
pect can be searched by a security firm in the pres-
ence of a policeman, without the suspect necessarily
being put under arrest.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

HYPOCRISY OF SANCTIONS--The cabinet minister in South-West Africa/Namibia
says the fact that South Africa and South-West Africa/Namibia are treated the
same when it comes to sanctions is proof that the international community's
motives are not honest. This is the view of the leader of the Labor Party
[LP] and minister of transport affairs in South-West Africa/Namibia, Mr David
Bezuitenhout. Addressing the 11th Congress of the LP in Windhoek, he said
South-West Africa/Namibia had already achieved everything that the internation-
al community was demanding. This included the abolition of apartheid, the
release of prisoners, and participation of blacks in government. Still, the
territory was so misjudged that no one even spoke to it. With reference to
SWAPO, Mr Bezuitenhout said the world was deaf to the cries of help from
worried mothers whose children had supported SWAPO and had now disappeared
off the face of the earth. [Text] {Johannesburg International Service in
English 0630 GMT 28 Sep 86 MB]

PRISONERS ON HUNGER STRIKE--Windhoek Sept 23 SAPA--Twelve political prisoners
have been on a hunger strike in the Windhoek prison since Friday, the
commissioner of prisons in SWA/NAMIBIA, Col Johan Roberts, confirmed today.
The 12, who were convicted in terms of the terrorism act, have refused food
and drink since Friday. Col Roberts said he could not disclose details of
the hunger strike. He said he would meet with the cabinet today to brief
them on the situation and it was up to the cabinet to issue a statement
should they so wish. Newspaper reports said it was believed the 12 were pro-
testing against their convictions in terms of the terrorism act, an item of
legislation that has been the centre of legal controversy in recent months.
Opponents of the act claim that it is a South African law which contradicts
the provisions of the transitional government's bill of fundamental rights and
objectives. A recent amendment by the South African State President,

Mr P. W. Botha, to the proclamation containing the bill is also disputed and
the court wrangle is continuing. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1346
GMI 23 Sep 86 MB]

BISHOP CHARGES TRUST LOST IN U.S.--Windhoek--The United States's decision to
support UNITA by supplying arms means it can no longer be trusted as the "honest
broker" in the negotiating process in South Africa, says Bishop James Kauluma,
head of the Anglican Church in Namibia. The bishop--who spent some years in
America and is married to an American--said the Namibian people and churches had
lost their trust in the U.S. as a leader in the protection of human rights and as
champion of the oppressed. Speaking during the annual conference of the Council of

30



Subscribers to pay television will pay a monthly rate for exciting viewing
pleasure which, among other things, will include a movie each evening,
documentary programs, comedies, serials, popular music, childrens' programs
and sports. Pay television will initially broadcast for two hours daily from
5:00 pm to 7:00 pm. This means that viewers with a suitable antenna will be
able to look at M-Net's entertainment programs gratis in order to get a
preview of what they can expect before they subscribe.

13084
C80: 3401/175

62



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BOTHA ANNOUNCES WATER PROJECT WITH LESOTHO
MB291835 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1808 GMT 29 Sep 86

[Text] East London, Sept 29, SAPA--The Governments of South Africa and
Lesotho had reached agreement to go ahead.with the R4,000 million Lesotho-
Highlands water project, the state president, Mr P.W. Botha, announced to-
night. He officially opened the Cape National. Party Congress and said a
treaty had been. drafted and arrangements were proceeding for its signature
by the respective foreign minister.

By any standard, the project was vast and impressive, Mr Botha said. "When
fully developed six major dams will have been built, four of which will be
higher than any of the existing dams south of the Zambesi. The water will
more than double the Vaal rivers.resources and will furthermore stabilise
the water resources of the Orange River," he-said. ‘This was one of the
largest and most far-reaching enterprises ever agreed to between South Africa
and one of its neighbouring states.

The project would open the interior of Lesotho because new roads would
have to be built, parts of which would be specacular mountain passes.

"Needless to say, the project will assist in combating unemployment. The
construction of the access road alone may provide employment for about 2,000
people.

"The funds required would be huge. At constant July 1985 prices, the first
sub-phase alone would cost R1,400 million out of a total of R4,000 million
for the whole project," Mr Botha said.

The expenditure would give a much needed boost to the civil engineering
industry which had been badly affected by the recession.

Mr Botha said the government's decision to go ahead with the scheme was not

taken lightly, and for that. reason the cabinet had taken several implications
which the project held for urban and regional development into consideration.

99



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

BEIRA CORRIDOR GROUP SEEKING INVESTORS

Johannesburg THE STAR (Metro) in English 25 Sep 86 p 4M

[Text] HARARE = The Beira Corridor
Group, a company formed in Zim- sector groups would meet donors in
babwe to promote the development of Brussels next month to firm up pledges
a 30 km-wide strip of territory through for the project. .
Mozambique from the Zimbabwe bor- He said more than $100 million of the
der to the port of Beira, is to go public $200 million pledged so far had ‘been
next month. committed, mainly by the European
About 250 organisations will be invit- Economic Community, the Nether-
ed to take up one share of R6 800 each lands, Denmark and the Beira Corridor
in the company which has already bor- Group.
rowed R17 million to help rehabilitate The Beira Corridor Group was set up
the railway line running through the by a Zimbabwean company, Tabex,
corridor for 300 km. which has extensive tobacco interests,
TOLL CHARGES and the Standard Chartered Merchant
The chairman of the Beira Corridor Priority at present is being given to
Group, Mr Denis Norman, former Min- rehabilitating the railway line, while
ister of Agriculture in Zimbabwe, said repairs to the main road have been put
this week that the funds raised by back until after eains next year. ‘
going public will go to help other Development of the port is expected
projects. to get under way in January and will
. The investments will be. recouped take three years to complete.
through levies.on rail goods or toll Sources say that at present Beira is
charges on the road to Beira. handling about one million tons of
Zimbabwe is placing its hopes on de- cargo a year which includes 700 000,
veloping the route to Beira as a re- tons of fuel for the pipeline to Zim-
placement for. its transport routes babwe. Almost all of the remaining
through South Africa. 300 000 tons is export traffic.
Mr Norman said public and private When ‘Rhodesia was using Beira as
. its main port, it was handling five mil-
lion tons of imports and exports.
/13104
cso: 3400/117

40



JPRS-SSA-86~-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

UNDERSTANDING OF COUNCIL POLICE SOUGHT--Johannesburg, 28 Sep (SAPA)--The
recently reinstated mayor of Soweto, Mr Ephraim Tshabalala, told more

than 2,000 people that Soweto residents and members of the Sofasonke party
should not hate the Soweto council police for the killing of the white
city residents during an outbreak of violence there last month.

Mr Tshabalala was speaking at a special meeting of the Sofasonke party
held at a Soweto cinema today. He said the municipal police were
instructed by white officials. The meeting also resolved that the Soweto
city council should resign and the council be reconstituted under a new
administration. It said an interim committee should be appointed to
administer the affairs of Soweto. ‘The party is to send a letter to the
minister of constitutional development and planning, Mr Chris Heunis, to
ask him about an interim committee. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English
1539 GMT 28 Sep 86] /9604

- TEMBISA RENT BOYCOTT--Johannesburg, 25 Sep (SAPA)~--Tembisa administrators
are worried that essential services may deteriorate if the rent boycott
continues and money to maintain facilities cannot be found. Mr L.L.
Pokela, public relations officer of the administrators who took over when
the town council system collapsed in August, said the Tembisa rent boycott
started in May after the dismissal of council employees. He added: "Now
they have been reinstated and essential services restored, we expect
residents to resume rent payments. Payments over the past few months have
been so poor we fear we may soon run out of funds for efficient services."
Recently Mr Solomon More, chairman of the administrators, said they would
not evict people in arrears but would let them pay off back rent in
installments. Commenting on the rent boycott in its newsletter, the Tembisa
Civic Association said the manner in which the boycott call had been made
seemed to be an imitation of other townships rather than a result of any
examination of Tembisa's circumstances. The newsletter commented: "The
boycott of rents, like a strike in industry, is the last weapon to gain
our ends. Hence it is our considered opinion that when we embark upon
it we should have exhausted all possible avenues." [Text] [Johannesburg
SAPA in English 1248 GMT 25 Sep 86] /9604

82



It will certainly come as a surprise to some that the bishops in Kinshasa did
not reach a joint declaration concerning the situation in South Africa. This
was due more to the West Africans than to the German-speaking bishops. They
unofficially complained that states such as the People's Republic of the Congo
continue to import goods from South Africa. An economic boycott of South
Africa by America and Europe would--as bishops from Zaire, the Congo and
Angola said in a private conversation--further worsen the already strained
economic situation in these countries.

At this symposium, the presence of the West African bishops and their warm
hospitality were amazing. They had taken time for their German-speaking
brothers and attempted to open up to them the African windows and doors, at
least to such an extent that they could perceive actual West African reality.
No effort was made to camouflage the facts. Participants said what they
thought, without causing pain. The fact that the German-speaking bishops were
divided into three groups and lived for three days in the local churches of
Zaire, Angola and Congo resulted in new experiential horizons. Bitter poverty
was experienced, but also hopeful beginnings: one saw dilapidated hospitals
with inhuman conditions, but one also saw the ministering hands of religious
sisters. And once again one sensed the privileged situation of the church in
the FRG.

Our standards must not become the standards for the church in West Africa.
This church needs understanding, openness, love and help. It was Bishop
Pierre Mamie of Fribourg who said: "I have learned from you Africans. I have
a black heart."

The dialogue between the German-speaking bishops and the episcopate of Zaire,
Angola and the Congo is to be continued. At the urging of the blacks, the
laity is also to be included in future talks, above all when topics such as
the new world economic order are addressed. The central committee of the
German Catholics, the supreme lay body in the FRG, should be interested in
taking up this initiative. The laity in Zaire and in the Congo are
resourceful and worthy dialogue partners, who are waiting for a hand to be
extended to them from Germany.

It was not easy to build this bridge between German-speaking and West African
bishops. In 1976, Julius Cardinal Doepfner had laid the foundation for this
exchange with his trip to Africa. In 1981, Joseph Cardinal Hoeffner visited
West Africa, and in 1982, eight African bishops attended a colloquium in the
FRG that lasted for several days. Bishop Franz Hengsbach succinctly
summarized the significance of and the need for this German-Africa exchange
when he said: "Only when we meet face to face can we really get to know each
other."

12792
CSO: 3420/55


NAMIBIA

Education Minister Urges Racial Cooperation

Briefs

SENEGAL

Briefs

TANZANIA

Defense Minister Urges Confrontation With RSA

UGANDA

NRA Recruitment Effort Fails in West Nile

Returning Refugees To Settle in Moyo, Arua Districts

ZIMBABWE

Plans for New Constitution Outlined

(SAPA, 2 Oct 86) ccccesccececcccccccsccscccvesecsersrecees

Hypocrisy of Sanctions
Prisoners on Hunger Strike

Bishop Charges Trust Lost in U.S.
Funds for Oil Search Assigned

Italy Development Loan
Canadian AID Food Agreemen’

t

(Dar Es Salaam Domestic Service, 2 Oct 86) wrcccereceeeees

(FINANCIAL TIMES, 22 Sep 86) ccsececcccccccccccceccecccere

(Festo Ebongu; NEW VISION, 23 Sep 86) .cccsccececerccecees

(THE HERALD, 24 Sep 86) ..

Overproduction Among Small-Scale Commercial Farmers Welcomed
(THE HERALD, 26 Sep 86) .cscccccvccccccccccccccescrccscces

Plans To Phase Out Vehicle Models Debated

Beira Corridor Group Seeking Investors

Briefs

(THE HERALD, 24 Sep 86) .cccccccecccccevcccccccevesevscces

(THE STAR, 25 Sep 86) ..cscccsccceccereccccccccsccsscesors

Geologist: Oil Prospects Slim

Books From USSR

32
32

33

34

35

36

37

39

40

4l



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

OVERPRODUCTION AMONG SMALL-SCALE COMMERCIAL FARMERS WELCOMED

Harare THE HERALD in English 26 Sep 86 pp 1, 13

[Text] So successful were the efforts of the small-scale commercial farmers
last season that there is now what the president of the Zimbabwe National
Farmers' Union, Cde Gary Magadzire, has termed a "crisis of overpproduction"
of grain,

“After the tormenting drought years, this must be a welcome crisis for which
farmers can be commended,’ the ZNFU leader told delegates at the 47th annual
congress of the union in Mutare this week.

The season had seen a record production of grain, with maize registering an
annual increase of 35 percent from 15,995 tonnes in 1980 to 50,071 tonnes last
year, Cotton production boasting an annual rise of 52.5 percent, went up from
over 3 million kg in 1980 to 9,6 million kg.

An on-farm survey to determine the size of farm area cultivated, types of
crops grown, their yields and the types of livestock reared had been under-
taken to give the ZNFU a more thorough understanding of the position and re-
quirements of each small-scale commercial farmer,

The union had then implemented various programmes resulting in the small-
scale commercial growers producing better quality output and receiving higher
prices for their commodities, said Cde Magadzire,

More members had adopted crops better suited to their respective regions,

In Matabeleleland, Midlands and Masvingo, where farmers had previously been
growing an unsuitable variety of maize, there was a record sorghum crop during
the last season.

The small scale commercial farmers had registered increased gains in produc-
tivity with improvements in per capita yields and union members were growing a
wider variety of crops, including soya beans, tobacco, groundnuts, sorghum and
sunflower.

Some small-scale farmers now grew tea and coffee while others had begun grow-
ing wheat,

37



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ANC OFFICIAL DISCUSSES ROLE OF BUSINESSMEN, 'STRUGGLE'

EA251426 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT
24 Sep 86

[Text] [Announcer] Compatriots, the last week's disaster at Kinross

gold mine in the Eastern Transvaal has once again brought back into our
minds the dirty role played by the capitalist class to oppress and exploit
our people. But at the same time, most of these capitalists claim to be
opposed to the apartheid system. Sometime back, a so-called Federated
Chamber of Industries, FCI, released a charter in which it was trying to
map a path of development for a nonracial South Africa. Even the mining
houses claim that they are opposed to apartheid and have also voiced their
growing impatience with the pace of Botha's reforms.

But are these capitalists really genuine in their utterances? Are they
interested in the destruction of the apartheid system and the establishment
of a democratic society in our country based on one person, one vote?

If they are genuine, as they claim to be, what steps can they take to
demonstrate that they are not like Botha and that they are also interested
in bringing about fundamental change in our country?

Comrade Palo Jordan, a member of the National Executive Committee of the
ANC, however, opines that his category of people is not really genuine
in its claims of being opposed to apartheid and that it is only because
of the intensity of our struggle that they have come to realize that
their system of exploitation has no future.

{Begin Jordan recording] Who are shouting (?as individuals), who would
like to see the apartheid system continue, who would hope to [words
indistinct] of apartheid but who realistically recognize that the chances
of apartheid continuing indefinitely are very, very slim, who although
they have been supporters, staunch supporters, even people who have
framed apartheid policy, recognize that the policy of apartheid now poses
a great danger not only to the continuation of white domination, but also
a great danger to the level of comfort, the life style, the eearehe / fi, /
enjoyed by various sections of the world community from the apar eid

system. [sentence as heard]

/
/

Now these people I do not think have come to appreciate thd importance of
liberation struggle or come to understand the liberation struggle. What



PAC BULLETIN ADMITS INCREASE IN ARMED ATTACKS

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Sep 86 p 3

[Text]

OUTH AFRICA has seen
SGharp Tise in the armed
activities of the’ Pan Af-
ricanist Congress of Aza-
nia during the past few
months compared to those
jn the same period last
year,.says the PAC army
in the latest issue of its
bulletin.

‘Azania, Combat, official
organ of the PAC military
wing, the Azania People’s
Liberation Army, quotes
President P. W. Botha,
Law and Order Minister
Louis le Grange and other
racist officials ag admit-
ting the increase in the
armed activities by the
organisation’s guerillas,

One of the officials had
said that training of peo-
ple inside South Africa
by the PAC had escalated
since the organisation's
chairman, Ode Johnson
‘Miambo, pnnouncea at the
beginning is year
that his guerillas would
intensify armed attacks
against the regime,

“We have detected an
element of ‘Maoism’ in
the PAC which lays em-
phasis on rural terror and
the involvement of ordi-
nary people in armed at-
tacks against the forces
of law and order,” Mr le
Grange told parliament in
South Africa recently.

Cde Mlambo, who is
APLA'’s commander-in-
chiet, is quoted in the bul-
letin as saying that the
PAC guerillas are under
orders to strike the main
blow at enemy soldiers

/13104
cso: 3400/110

and police,

“Soldiers and police are
the mainstay and ‘pillars
of white domination in
South Africa,” he said.
“Collaborators are only
Jeaves of the tree of white
domination and their eli-
mination cannot be an
end, but_means for open-
ing the way to the tap-
root of the white apart-
heid settler rule.”

In its editorial, the bul-
jetin says the PAC army
jas made it no secret that
it is labouring day and
night not only to arm the
oppressed masses, but to
strike hardest at the re-
gime's soldiers and police.

“We are carrying out
the PAC'’s ‘arm the peo-
ple’ campaign according
to plan and, even more
notably, the enemy has
een made to feel the
pressure,”

The PAC secretary for
Gefence, Cde Sabelo Pha-
ma, is quoted as saying:
“We will stop at nowhere
falling short of the return
of the land of Azania to
ifs rightful owners — the
biack indigenous majority
of.the people.”

Although the main tar-
get of the PAC freedom
“fighters are soldiers and
police, it is no longer safe
for the white minority to
travel anywhere in the
country “just as it is not
sate for Azanians to walk
in the atreets of the black
townships”, says the bul-
ietin, .

77

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

The war against Preto-
toria has also been ex-
tended to the bantustans
where a number of pup-
pet soldiers and police
have been killed by gueril-
jas since the beginning of
this year.

Among those killed by
APLA guerillas was
.Brigadier Andrew Molo-
pe, a top police com-
mander in the Bophutha-
tswana bantustan, who
collapsed in a hail of bul-
lets.

The PAC guerilla shot
down the puppet police
officer not very far from
.a spot where he had
ordered his men to open
fire on anti-apartheid
demonstrators on March
26, killing at ‘least 19
people.

South African police
said the killing of Briga-
dier Molope had been the
work of “one of the
PAC’s variety of hit-
squads” and a bantustan
police liaison officer said
no arrest had been made
weeks after. what he
culled “this highly pro-
fessional terror attack”.

On the international
front, the bulletin char-
ges that Western powers,
especially the United

States and Britain, lave
not only opposed ': sanc-
tions against Pretoria,
‘but contributed in its re-
cord defence budget of
R5123 million for the
period ending next year.


020081

 JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 OCTOBER 1986

cee - Sub-Saharan Africa Report

REPRODUCED BY
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE,
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161



“The natural bush is worth
nothing at all. You'd starve
if you had to live off it.
Stock will not. eat it,” he
said.

Mr Buchner said there
had been no clearing of
bush in the Paterson dis-
trict since 1983. Bush clear-
ing had started in 1962 and
peaked in '80.

“We are as concerned
about the wind erosion as
anyone,” said Mr Buchner.
“But it is not our fault it is
taking place,” he said.

Wind erosion was not
confined to wheat lands.

Paterson is the biggest:
wheat-producing area in:
the Eastern Cape, with
about 14 000 hectares under
cultivation.

The yield from the dis-
trict is two tons per hectare
which is above the coun-

try’s average, and better’

than the wheatlands of the

/13104
cso: — 3400/120

Western Cape.

Mr Lovemore said the
past ‘four years had been.
the driest since the first
rainfall records were kept
in 1927. The next-driest four
years were from 1927 to’30.

The average rainfall per
year for the past four years
has been 375mm and the
average monthly rainfall is
31,25mm.

Mr Jimmy Wild, control
technician for the Paterson
and Grahamstown region,
said the natural gain of top-
soil was only five to 10 tons
per hectare a year.

Compared with the loss
through water erosion,
which averaged between 60
and 70 tons per hectare a
year, the erosion from
‘winds in excess of 30km/h
was 150 tons per hectare an
hour.

Mr Wild said his source
was a Department of Agri-
culture publication,

103

Primer on Soil, a manual
for soil conservation, which
said that winds in excess of
40km/h can remove 150
tons of dry soil from one
hectare in one hour,

An American publication
brought out by the John
Deere Company said that a
wind of 25 miles an hour

(40km/h) could cause a soil
Joss of 60 tons an hour from
‘one acre (0,4ha).

Soil erosion, which
peaked during July, August
and September, was occur-
ring in lands stretching
from Uitenhage eastwards
to Paterson.

Farmers said a big four-
day blow at the end of
August at Paterson had re-
sulted in fence poles being
buried under topsoil. Some
fence poles smashed under
the weight of mealie leaves
which blew against. the
fences.



Cocoa Prices Announced

ROK Donates Minibuses

Delegation to Bulgaria

Nationals Repatriated From Nigeria
GUINEA

Briefs
Agreements With Islamic Bank

IVORY COAST

Five Airfields To Be Built for Civil Aviation
(FRATERNITE MATIN, 19 Sep 86) .eccccsccvvcceenvecsecceveess

Briefs
Coffee, Cocoa Prices Fixed

LIBERIA

NDPL Youth Accuse Religious Leaders of Clandestine Activity
(DAILY OBSERVER, 9 Sep 86) .eccceeeeeceee

Briefs
Ship Registration Fees Reduced
New Publishing Company Established
MALI
Briefs
SFRY Donates Medicine
Japanese Agricultural Aid
Financial Convention With France
MOZAMBIQUE

Prime Minister Visits Maputo Supplies Center
(NOTICIAS, 23 Sep 86) seseeccccccevccccccerecececeressveres

Italy Makes 'Significant Gift' of Trucks to Red Cross
(NOTICIAS, 20 Sep 86) ceeecsccececeececcevecceccescecs

Drought Victims Receive Clothing, Medicine
(NOTICIAS, 20 Sep 86) cccsccvcccccvcccvvccevesseeeseces

Cashew Nut Tree Planting Campaign in Angoche
(NOTICIAS, 23 Sep 86) secseceseceeceeecceeceeecees

Briefs
Manica Threatened With Lack of Beef
Cooperation With FRG Studied

-b-

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JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

EXPERTS SAY FLOODS NEEDED TO BREAK DROUGHT

Johannesburg THE STAR (Metro) in English 23 Sep 86 p 1M

[Arti

[Text

/13104
cso:

cle by Andre du Toit]

] Only floods can break the present
drought in South Africa — and sci-
entists say there is no proof to back
Minister of Transport Mr Hendrik
Schoeman’s optimism that the
country’s dams will overflow this
summer.

Scientists at several universities and
research institutes are engaged in re-
search work on drought patterns, but
have so far not come up with answers’
that do not include a measure of specu-
lation.

One academic whose special field of
study is droughts, Mr Werner Kotze of
Unisa’s geography department, says
that as far as he knows no one has yet
come up with tangible proof that
drought periods can be predicted.

At a recent symposium on water
management held in Johannesburg, an
official of the Department of Water Af-
fairs told delegates that analysis meth-
ods do make it possible to predict criti-
cal droughts.

Mr Kotze said he would rather not
comment on this statement. He is, how-
ever, at present engaged in a project to
study winter weather patterns and the
possible correlation with the following

3400/121

104

summer rainfall.

There is also no proof that a windy
August and September could mean
good rainfall. In 1981/82 August and

. September were windy months, yet the

country experienced one of its driest
summers.

Mr Kotze cited Natal as an example
where only a flood broke the drought.
In 1983 even the sugar cane died, and
this drought was only broken by cy-
clones.

The same applies to the Western
Transvaal, where water tables have
dropped and boreholes have dried up.
Only floods can break the drought and
raise the water table, said Mr Kotze.

Commenting on the fears of some
farmers that parts of the Western
Transvaal are becoming arid,
semi-desert regions, Mr Kotze said
there is proof that the semi-desert con-
ditions prevalent in the Kalahari Des-
ert are slowly moving into the area
from the east and south-east.

But the human factor must also be

taken into consideration — such as the
overcultivation and overgrazing of
land.
@ Central Johannesburg had 19mm of
rain at the weekend, with some south-
ern suburbs getting about 10 mm — but
just 2 mm in Bryanston.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

CASHEW NUT TREE PLANTING CAMPAIGN IN ANGOCHE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Sep 86 p 2

[Text] A program to promote cashew nuts, by planting more trees, is under way
in the district of Angoche, in Nampula Province. Furthermore, work is in
progress in that part of the province to select seed of the nut, as well as
to prepare the land; which should be completed early this October. This
information was provided by the administrator of Angoche district, Bernardo
Munhaque, a few days ago, as he was talking with our reporter.

The work for the cashew nut promotion program.was assigned to the political
agencies of the localities,.and the communal villages and neighborhoods, with a
view toward ensuring the involvement of the district's entire population.

According to Bernardo Munhaque, the cashew nut promotion program in that part
of Nampula Province calls for the planting of over 143,000 cashew nut trees;
and work is currently under way to demarcate land, installing stakes on the
sites where the trees will be planted.

As the Angoche administrator observed, the work to select seed and to distri-
bute it among the farmers is being done by the district cashew nut services,
in cooperation with the directors of the cashewnut and agriculture enterprises,
and it should be finished by 15 October.

The cashew nut promotion program is aimed essentially at raising production of
the nut which has in recent years undergone a decline, owing to the aged condi-
tion of the cashew nut trees, or their destruction by uncontrolled burning.

On this occasion, the Angoche District administrator said that, during the 1984-
85 marketing campaign, 3,500 tons of cashew nuts were sold. This index dropped
increasingly during the next campaign, in which only 2,000 tons were marketed.

Bernardo Munhaque commented: "But this decline was not.due only to the old

. condition or the destruction of cashew nut trees by uncontrolled burning; it
was also a result of the rain and fog which caused a sudden deflowering";
adding that, "If it doesn't rain during September, the prospects for the
current campaign are good."



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY URGES WEST TO STOP PUNISHING RSA, AID MOZAMBIQUE
MB250825 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 25 Sep 86
[Station commentary: "Mozambique's Starving Millions"]

[Text] Instead of shouting at South Africa about the outdated concept of
apartheid and arguing among themselves how best to punish the one country
in Africa where blacks have a decent standard of living, Western govern-
ments could be fulfilling a positive role in the continent by helping to
change the situation north of South Africa's borders. Mozambique might
be a good place to start.

Like many other states in black Africa, this former Portuguese colony is
in economic (?difficulties) and millions of its people, about one-third
of its 14 million inhabitants, are starving. It is the classic example
of the African independence dream which has turned into a nightmare.

The ravages of the civil war and the fruits of socialism's empty promises
are everywhere. In most of the country economic activity has virtually
come to a standstill and agricultural production is almost nonexistent.

A recent United Nations report says that the 1985/86 harvest is expected
to be the country's worst in 30 years.

The few statistics which are available show that tourism has dropped from
291,574 in 1972 to 1,000 in 1985. The production of cashew nuts, once

the country's main export, has dropped from 216,000 tons in 1973 to 5,800
tons in 1983; and the production of rice decreased from 111,000 tons in
1972 to 30,000 in 1983. For the vast majority of Mozambicans, the fact
that the country's economic, transport, and communications infrastructure
has been all but destroyed means that they have been thrown on their own
resources to live or die without help from the central government or its
agencies. Government, in fact, is confined to Maputo and the bigger towns.

This pallid slate is the result of the failure of socialist policies to
facilitate prosperity and progress, coupled with political instability due
to the absence of democracy, and last and least, to the effects of the
drought. Encouragement and direction for changing these circumstances

in Mozambique and in many other African states, not to mention the massive
injection of funds it will require, will have to come from the West. The
Eastern bloc certainly has nothing to offer in this direction, and if
African states would only grasp this truth they would be on the road to
recovery. /

19604

cso: 3400/82 84



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK ADVANCEMENT PROGRAMS SEEN FLAWED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Sep 86 p 14

[Text]

/13104

There is growing suspicion among
black workers about the ultimate
objective of black managerial. ad-
vancement programmes and many
see such programmes as a means to
co-opt skilled and professional
blacks on ‘to the side of the ruling
white power bloc, says a leading
black industrial psychologist.

Writing in the latest issue of Indi-
cator, published by Natal Universi-
ty, Mr Bonginkosi “Blade” Nzi-
mande of the University of Zulu-
land, focused on inherent flaws in
black advancement programmes
which, he believes, explain their
failure, or at best, limited success.

He said it was no longer politic-
ally acceptable nor economically
viable for whites to occupy 92 per-
cent of all managerial posts in com-
merce and industry. Programmes
introduced to train black managers
had, however, often defeated the
very goals they had tried to achieve.

By 1987 there would be only
82000 blacks in managerial posi-
tions compared with more than a
million whites. Black managers
constituted 5,8 percent of managers
in 1977 and by next year would con-
stitute only 7,7 percent of this occu-
pational category.

Although acknowledging outside
factors such as poor education, in-
appropriate experience, cultural up-
bringing and racially discriminato-
ry laws, Mr Nzimande believed
problems inherent in advancement

cso: 3400/114

79

programmes needed to be examined
if further failure was to be avoided.

“It is predominantly white man-
agers who. plan and implement
these programmes without consult-
ing the candidates who must partic-
ipate in them.” Once a programme
‘was perceived as something exclusi-
vely designed by whites for blacks it
became suspect.

In practice, candidates were often
caught up in never-ending training
programmes and never really gra-
duated as real leaders or managers.

‘A confidential survey conducted.
among shop stewards and manage-
ment in 1984 had shown important
discrepancies in attitudes.

Shop stewards regarded black ad-
vancement in broad terms, includ-
ing job improvements, improved
quality of life, community develop-
ment and direct interventions by
companies on political issues af-
fecting their lives.

Management had adopted the
American model of job advance-
ment, subscribing to the “every-
man-for-himself” principle. Manag-
ers tended to explain away industri-
al problems in South Africa by
referring to conflict between First
and Third World societies.

Mr Nzimande believed such ex-
planations were racist. He criticised
management's commitment to train-
ing only a few “quality” black man-
agers almost to the total exclusion
of quantitv.



At present, it is estimated that the Angolan forces have two brigades consist-
ing of nearly 1,000 men each stationed in Cuito-Cuanavale, the target of a .
UNITA attack last month, the .purpose of which was to impede a possible MPLA
offensive in a southerly direction.

However, if government reinforcements should be sent from MPLA's main base in
Menongue to Cuito-Cuanavale, then an offense would also be predictable against
the: town of Mavinga, held by UNITA.

Mavinga is of strategic importance to UNITA, because it is considered the
gateway to any future offensive against UNITA's general headquarters in
Jamba, in the extreme southeastern part of Angola.

New Strategy

Last year, in a gory. battle which caused hundreds of fatalities, FAPLA did not
succeed in taking Mavinga.

As UNITA admitted recently, in that battle the South African Air Force carried
nearly 2,000 UNITA troops from Cazombo to Mavinga, to prevent the fall of the
town.

Cazombo is now also being held by FAPLA.

Military observers of the situation in Angola say that the Angolan government's
strategy now obviously consists of continuing constant pressure on UNITA, to
weaken it; and that not until then will it launch an attack against the
traditional areas under the rebels’ control.

That strategy is also aimed at cutting off UNITA logistical backup lines from
its units operating in northern Angola.

2909
CSO: 3442/7



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COSAS CASE PROVIDES GLIMPSE OF GOVERNMENT BANNING PROCESS

Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 26 Sep - 2 Oct 86 p 13

{Article by Jo-Ann Bekker]

[Text]

DETAILS of how the government monitors
political organisations and sets about banning
them were revealed in papers before the
Natal Supreme Court this week, when the
Congress of South African Students (Cosas)
contested its banning.

Cosas, which was banned on August 28 last

year, is the first organisation in South
‘African-history to fight a banning order.

Its national treasurer Glen Gabriel
Goldstone, who brought the application, said
Cosas “was dedicated to attaining a society
where free and compulsory education would
cease to be a privilege but would be a right”.
Its aims were pursued peacefully, and no
office bearer had been convicted of any
unlawful activity in his or her official
capacity, he added.

The respondent, Law and Order Minister
Louis le Grange, said in papers before the
court that.Cosas had been involved in
boycotts, intimidation and violent acts which
endangered public security and threatened
the lives of individuals.

Le Grange revealed that, since its
formation in 1979, Cosas had been monitored
by the SA Police’s Security Branch, the
National’ Intelligence Service, Military
Intelligence, “the information sections of
government departments” and the Security
Branch of the SA Railways Police.

He said “a point was reached during
November 1984” when he asked the Minister
of Justice to request the State President to
form an advisory committee to investigate
whether Cosas should be declared a banned
organisation — a procedure required by the
Internal Security Act.

49

The three-person committee was chaired
by a former:president of the Industrial Court
and Northern Transvaal regional magistrate,
Benjamin Parsons. Its other members were
ME Tucker, SC, former Attorney General
of the Orange Free State, and J A Venter, a
Northern Transvaal magistrate.

After 84 day-long sessions which began on
February 20, 1985 and ended on August 12,
the committee recommended that Cosas be
banned.

A major point of dispute in the application
hinges on the fact. that Cosas was not
informed that the investigation was under
way, nor was it given an opportunity to put
its case to the committee.

Goldstone’ claims this ommission
invalidates the committee’s findings and thus
the banning order.

Parsons, in his affidavit, says the decision
was taken in the public interest after careful
thought. And Le Grange states that he had
already come to an independent decision to
ban Cosas, when he received the advisory
committee’s 224-page report.

Iwhis affidavit, Le Grange states Cosas was
one of three groups which called a meeting in
the Vaal Triangle on September 3, 1984, the
day the current wave of unrest began. At this
meeting, he said, a section of the audience,
“where people wearing Cosas T-shirts were
sitting”, called out that community
councillors should be killed and their
property burnt.

In his replying affidavit, Goldstone said
these allegations were among the most
serious made by Le Grange. Although these
claims overlapped with the substance of the
Delmas treason trial, where the accused are



JPRS-SSA~86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT CRITICIZED FOR SIDESTEPPING RENT ISSUE

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 26 Sep 86 p 1 ,

[Article by Dominique Gilbert]

[Text]

GOVERNMENT has~—ne-
programme to ad the:
rents boycott, which has
spread to about 46 town-

‘ips and led to revenue
loss of about R40m.

A Department of Consti-
tutional Development and

Planning spokesman said this. week it ©

“was the 235 black local authorities’ pre-

rogative “to take steps to collect dues”,
and he urged them to do so.

PFP leader Colin Eglin last night |

slammed government for “running away
from its res} ibilities”, while Soweto
civic leader Dr Nthatho Motlana warned
that “any attempt to solve the rents issue
at local level will fail”.

“Rent boycotts, which have become a
political issue, are a challenge to the
government to address the fundamental
questions of black local authorities and
blacks’ living conditions,” Motlana said.

Eglin said government was responsi-
ble, because of its policies, for creating
the conditions in townships.

113104

CSO:

3400/115

91

“The rents issue flows from the failure
of government at central level to intro-
duce consitutional reforms,” he said,

The rents issue will not be resolved '
until reforms allow for Tegitimnate loos :
government acceptable to township resi- :

dents, Eglin added.

The department’s spokesman also said
government was not running any pro-
gramme to evict rent defaulters but said
residents’ failure to pay their dues was

causing concern to both local authorities :

and government.

Most residents wanted to pay rent, but
were subjected to intimidation and pre-
vented from paying, he added.

Asked if government would allow
council services to run down due to lack
of funds, the department spokesman
said: “It is not the policy of the govern-
ment to sutisidise local authorities, but in
cases where a need is encountered, as-
sistance may be considered. Evictions
are considered only when people are ina
position to pay but refuse to do so.”

Soweto town clerk Nico Malan last!
night said municipal matters were:
“domestic issues” and the responsibility
of local authorities.



record-high. Almost-internationally they are a scandal. No apartheid law
requires the mining companies to keep the level of safety in the mines so
dismally low. No law passed by the racist regime says that you should
have safety standards that are rock~bottom.

If the mining corporations and the mining capitalists want to demonstrate
that they are not like the racist regime, that in fact they do value the
lives of their workers, let them again take demonstrative action by
improving the safety standards at least to internationally recognized
minimum standards. That is something they can do.

There are also other actions which they can take. You see for instance
the ARMSCOR Corporation, which is the state-owned, regime-owned arms
manufacturing corporation. It produces 30 percent of the output of
ARMSCOR [as heard]. The remaining 70 percent of the output of ARMSCOR
is in fact produced by other companies in the private sector, to whom
ARMSCOR contracts out its work. Now these are companies, industrial
companies such as (Balorad) Corporation, these are industrial companies
such as the African explosives. and chemical industries. All these are
outside the ARMSCOR Corporation and they are headed by people who claim
to be different from the racist regime. Yet they are producing the
weapons which the regime is now using to kill.our people in the townships.

Again let us see some demonstrative action from these people, distance
themselves from the regime by refusing to manufacture arms for ARMSCOR,
by refusing contracts from ARMSCOR, by refusing to give them explosives
to make gunpowder, etc. ‘These are the actions [passage indistinct] from
the regime. [end recording]

[Announcer] Can the steps taken by the business community so far ever
bring about genuine change in our country?

[Begin Jordan recording] You see, the problem is this, that if you start
out from the promise that Botha is a reformer, you are assuming that
apartheid is a reformable system because Botha is one of the architects
of apartheid. Botha is one of the people who helped shape the apartheid
policy. [words indistinct] you are assuming that apartheid is reformable.
Now we say the apartheid system is a crime against humanity, you cannot
reform a crime. You can only stop a crime, abolish a crime.

That, therefore, means you cannot expect Botha to reform apartheid out

of existence. So you can't start from the premise that Botha is a reformer.
That is, therefore, out of the question. If then you want to seriously
address the question of dismantling apartheid, you have to then address
yourselves to the question of who are the forces who seriously have interest
in the dismantling of apartheid? We say that the only forces in South
Africa where serious interest and have demonstrated this serious interest
in the dismantling of apartheid are the liberation forces led by the ANC.
[end recording]

[Announcer] That was Comrade Palo Jordan, a member of the National Executive
Committee of the ANC, explaining the role of businessmen in the struggle.

19604
cso: 3400/80

70



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

Churches of Namibia (CCN), which has just ended in Windhoek, Bishop Kauluma
called on both South Africa and the U.S. to remove the issue of the with-
drawal of Cuban troops from Angola from the Namibian independence question.
He asked both countries to cooperate with the United Nations in implementing
the Resolution 435 settlement plan. CCN secretary-general Dr Abisai
Shejevali said calls for sanctions on South Africa should be given strong
support by Namibian churches. He warned that the current interim government
in Windhoek was conniving with Pretoria to declare a type of UDI in Namibia.
[Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Sep 86 p 7 MB]

FUNDS FOR OIL SEARCH ASSIGNED--The cabinet of South-West Africa has approved
a further 25 million rands for the territory's oil prospecting program. This
was announced in Windhoek by the minister of mining affairs, Mr Andreas
Shipanga. Mr Shipanga said tests for gas in the Kudu oil field along the
coast of South-West Africa have indicated that a considerable quantity of oil
may be present. The next phase of the drilling program is expected to last
for 8 months. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in Afrikaans 1400 GMT

2 Oct 86 MB]

/9716
csO: 3400/112

31



i | JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

! . SOUTH AFRICA

BOTHA SUPPORTER PLEADS FOR IMPROVED BLACK LIVING STANDARDS
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 23 Jul 86 p 13

{Article by Political Editorial Staff: "Bureaucracy 'Contributes to Black
Fury'"]

{Text] Johannesburg -- The bureaucracy's contribution to the frustration and
fury in the black community was sharply criticized here yeesterday by Dr Louis
Rive, who at the same time expressed his concern about the lack of coordinated
future planning. Dr Rive said there are so many positive elements in the
dispensation which the state president, Mr P.W. Botha, has initiated that
every loyal South African ought to support him. "It is unfortunately true
that bureaucratic establishments have long been losing credibility among
Blacks, and are to a high degree the cause of frustration, fury and
antagonism, which contribute to a climate of revolution." In his seconder's
speech at the annual meeting of the Permanent Building Society, he also
expanded on his own frustrations and consequent termination of his involvement
in improving black)areas in kwaZulu/Natal. Many have guessed and even cast
reproaches about the termination of his involvement in kwaZulu/Natal. "My
inclination for si ity unfortunately did not leave me any other choice, on
account of changed attitudes which followed certain structural changes." As a
realist who "has long run with the bureaucracy and politics, I also accept
that I do not have |any further contribution to make in one of the most
critical spheres in national economy. At the request of the government, I
devoted six of the valuable years of the remaining part of my life after
retirement to a humble effort to improve the living standard of urban Blacks.
I got to know the conditions in which they live, their aspirations and
frustrations. I. can {do nothing more than in all sincerity plead with the
government to make the improvement of the living standards of Blacks the
highest national priority within a restructured socio-economic framework."

One of the priorities jis to now bring economic growth into harmony with the
population growth, that can only; be attained by raising the standard of
living of the masses.| What now look like insurmountable problems are in
reality great chall S and opportunities. A comprehensive socio-economic
plan which includes urbanization, industrial, rural and small-business
development is urgently needed. Fragmented planning and’ uncoordinated action

43



volved in building a plant and the
fixed costs of operating that plant
often cannot be justified on an eco-
nomic basis.

A manufacturing company may
be able to justify building a plant if
it will produce 100 000 units a year;
if output is just 10000 units, the
same plant, running at below capa-
city, may be uneconomic from the
start.

T... a 1985 study by the IDC
estimated that, of the R18bn of pro-
ducts imported by manufacturing
industries, just R4bn could be re-
placed economically with local
production.

“A lot of things are possible, but
it’s a question of economics,” said
Sasolchem GM Andrew Bedeker.
“It is, in the first instance, a ques-
tion of economies of scale, because
of the high capital investment in-
volved.”

There is a good case for the ar-
guement that says import substitu-
tion, in the form of legislated dom-
estic content restrictions, alread:
has introduced ‘economic. ineffi-
ciency in some industries. where
scale of production would not justi-
fy local manufacture in a free
market environment. . “

Senbank economist Piet Stry-
dom says the last truly efficient:
substitution.took: place in:the Fif-"
ties; efforts 'at‘iiport replacement?
since then, he believes, have been
both inefficient and inflationary,

Motor vehicle manufacturers,
for example, must produce cars
with at least 66% local content by
weight, or face stiff penalties in the
form of excise duties.

In fact, most carmakers produce
at between 67% and 69% local con-
tent, but at least part of the compo-
nents now sourced domestically
could be imported for less.

‘T

he industry has convincingly
proved in detailed investigations
that our present local content pro-
gramme is not cost efficient,” said
a Mercedes-Benz spokesman.

_ “Some 66% local content is too
high a level in terms of cost effec-
tiveness. Above 70% or 75%, both

112

the “tooling investment and’ ‘the’
manufacturing premiums escalate’
dramatically.” .

In attempting to create its-own,
self-stifficient industry, SA“inust
compete on cost with a world mar-
ket that operates on a far larger
scale.

Most major carmakers operate
assembly plants in many coun-
tries, but designate one or two very
large factories to produce and sup-
ply specific components — say, en-
gines, or electronic systems ~ ona
worldwide basis.

B, centralising production of a
single component, these com-
panies achieve huge scale econo-
mies that SA manufacturers can-
not hope to match.

Import replacement introduces
further inefficiency because local
manufacturers are locked into a
system of purchasing knocked-
down “packs” containing the unas-
sembled car components from
their parent company.

The local subsidiary is credited
for components they can source
locally and delete from the pack —
but the amount of the credit typi-
cally is significantly less than what
the component is worth. The result
is artificially high car prices for
consumers.

Other industries are limited by
similar constraints of scale and
quality. Olivetti has estimated
that, in current market conditions,
it could source a maximum of 47%
of its. personal computer, in rand
terms, from local suppliers.

“Whether it’s economical or not
is. a debatable:.-question,” said
national engineering manager
Norman Royds.

Olivetti has begun a programme
to phase in sourcing of local com-
ponents that, by. early. next year,
will have it buying ‘domestically
where it will not compromise in
cost or quality.

But, Royds says, “nobody can
ever achieve 100% local content,
not even in the US,” and the SA
market probably never will be
large enough to justify production
of high-technolegy, capital-inten-
sive components like microproces-
sors and memory chips.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

MARAIS RAPS AWB PROPOSAL TO ESTABLISH BOER STATE
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 21 Jul 86 p 7

[Report by C. Meyer: "Greater Tension Among Far-Rightists -- Marais Raps AWB
About Boerestaat"'}

[Text] Port Elizabeth -- A scathing attack on the Afrikaner Resistance
Movement [AWB] Saturday here by the leader of the Herstigte Nasionale Party,
Mr Jaap Marais, has sharply increased the tension in far-right ranks. Mr
Marais was speaking at the Eastern Cape congress of the HNP. He accused the
AWB of "bringing discord and paralysis to the whole struggle for our survival"
with its policy of a Boerevolkstaat {Boer ethnic state], and called it a
political party with a mask. At the same time Mr Marais said the HNP and the

are substantial policy differences between the HNP and the AWB. The KP's
policy of allowing its members to belong to the AWB is one of the things that
the two parties are going to discuss.

Mr Marais said the AWB's idea of a Boer state is not practical, and it is
moreover "unethical to throw away the Afrikaners of the Cape." The AWB wants
to give the whole Cape to the Colo: . It is an ugly thing that the AWB says
they do not want to live together with Colonials (the Whites of the Cape).
"The whole Boer state idea is ill-considered. We have nothing against the
sentiment, but what they are fighting for is no longer relevant." Mr Marais
referred derisively to the AWB's plan to rent Johannesburg and Soweto to the
Jews and Blacks, and asked what Jews they want to rent the city to.

Vorster

The AWB cannot say it is not a political party, for it has the Boerevolkstaa’
as a policy. If you proclaim a policy, you are inside politics. According to
hin, the HNP and KP are also going to talk about the KP's policy of an Indian
homeland as opposed to the HNP's of limited self-rule for the Indians. Other
policy differences that are going to be discussed are the language question
and the KP's attitude on Mr John Vorster.

13084
CSO: 3401/177

48



do not serve the best interest of the country. "In contrast to the finely
orchestrated and perfectly synchronized planning of our enemies, our action is
too often uncoordinated and amateurish because of a lack of an overall plan."

South Africa can become one of the economically most powerful countries in the
world if the country's full people and natural resources are optimally used in
a macroplan. Such a macroplan should be drawn up by the best brain power —-
by people with proven competence and who have credibility. Cobbler, stick to
your last, is the golden rule here. Industrial planning, for example, should
be done by industrialists. In the struggle for survival, two "industrial
heartland areas" -- Pinetown-Paulpetersburg in Natal and the so-called
corridor area in the Eastern Cape -- should be developed. From a planning
viewpoint, the corridor area should be an entity along with Ciskei and
Transkei, with East London possibly a free-trade city -- the Hong Kong of
South Africa. "My viewpoint was already in 1982 that the solution to social
problems west of the Fish River lies east of the Fish River. If we had had a
master plan, I wonder if the houses of Khayelitsha could not have been
standing there today."

Dr Rive said the country's greatest single asset is the slumbering potential
of the black man, but that has been ignored and frustrated to the bursting
point over the years. "Unleash it so that he can lift himself up and we will
be amazed at what we can accomplish jointly. The government's latest measures
have prepared the way for this." He said history will probably judge that "we
stressed political matters too much and ignorantly skimped on the extremely
important and decisive role of socio-economic forces on the future. One of
the most basic mistakes that we made in pursuing political goals was not to
give enough attention to the need for viability of that which was created.
Economic viability is necessary for survival; it is indispensable for socio-
economic and ultimately political stability." The distorted image of South
Africa can be changed in the social, economic and political sphere within 10
years if the contributions of the state, local authorities, financial
institutions, employers and individuals are used in a synchronized manner
within the macroplan. "Without it we will probably stumble along toward
destruction," Dr Rive said.

13084
CSO: 3401/177

44 '



JPRS-SSA-86~108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CISKEI EXILE REITERATES DEMAND FOR SEBE RESIGNATION
MB301949 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1900 GMT 30 Sep 86

[Text] Umtata, Sept 30, SAPA--The former Ciskei minister of transport,

Mr Namba Sebe, who fled to Transkei in July 1984; said today he stood by his
demands that President Lennox Sebe and his. government step down in exchange
for two Ciskei officers abducted last week. Mr Sebe, who has aligned him-
self with the new.Ciskel opposition party, the Ciskei Peoples Party under
Chief Lent Maqoma, and who has recently formed 'the Iliso Lomzi Resistance
Movement, also demanded the release from jail of his son, Toni, and Khambashe
Sebe.

He refuted a claim by the Ciskei government. that he and his brother, Charles
Sebe, who was "sprung" from the maximum sécurity prison in Middledrift,
Ciskei, by armed white men, intended to take over Ciskei. "I would not
like to comment further in the matter, but I wish to make it clear that it
will be the people of Ciskei who will decide to-topple President Sebe and
his government. That is the basis of democracy," he said.

Meanwhile the Transkei prime minister, chief George Matanzima, said today
the two abducted officers, General Khwane Sebe, eldest son of President Sebe,
and Colonel Zandisile Ngwanya, were being. sought. in Transkei on allegations
of the attempted kidnapping of Mr Namba Sebe about two weeks ago. Mr Sebe
said at the time about 12 members of the Ciskei security police in two

cars tried to kidnap him in the evening at his Umtata home. He said he man-
aged to fight them off before the two cars roared away.

The deputy-commander of the Transkei defence force, Brigadier Bantu Holomisa,
said soldiers had been detailed to guard Mr Sebe's house since the kidnap
attempt.

Tomorrow, a South African delegation, led ‘by the foreign affairs deputy-
minister, Mr Ron Miller, is expected to have talks with the Transkei Govern-
ment in an effort to cool the Transkei/Ciskei confrontation.

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73



JPRS-SSA-86-10!
29 October 198¢

MUNICIPAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF KWAZULU--The South African Government has
agreed to transfer all town functions to the self-governing state of
Kwazulu. January the first next year has been suggested as the target
date. The agreement was reached at a meeting in Pretoria this morning.
Heading the South African delegation at the talks was the minister of
education and development aid, Dr Gerrit Viljoen. Kwazulu was represented
by its minister of the interior, Dr D.R. Madide, and the minister of works,
Chief S.H. Gumede. A total of 39 towns are affected by the move and
functions to be transferred include planning development, administration,
and maintenance. [Text] [Johannesburg Television Service in English
1800 GMT 25 Sep 86] /9604

BOOST FOR KANGWANE HOUSING--A housing authority with the backing of .R38
million and long-term finance for loans and bonds to enable families to buy
their own houses was established in kaNgwane yesterday. Ina statement, Chief
Minister Enos Mabuza said it was government policy that each family should
have its own home and water. "Without the expertise of a housing authority we
could not hope to tackle this task," he said. The Government would start a
crash programme in Nsikazi over the next two years to provide: 2 400 houses,
starting with the smallest units and offering a range of options. 800
serviced plots for self-help construction of houses with a self-supporting
self-help agency. “Housing is a top priority with government. In Nzikzi we
already have a 8 000 backlog and projections tell us this will grow," Mr
Mabuza said. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR (Metro) in English 25 Sep 86 p
13M] /13104

ADMINISTRATOR CRITICIZES BLACK CHURCHES--Cape Town, Oct 2, SAPA-~A mem-

ber of the Executive Committee of the Cape Provincial Administration, Mr T.
Nyati, has accused the country's black churches of refusing to admit to or do
anything about the social decay in many black urban communities, SABC radio
news reports. Speaking at a meeting of the Institute for Citizenship in

Cape Town today, he said most moderate blacks found little comfort in the
church. Mr Nyati said some churches were refusing to bury necklace victims
and looked on unrest with favour. The duty of the church was to teach obed-
ience and strengthen the spiritual attitudes of the nation. [Text] [Johannes-
burg SAPA in English 1616 GMT 2 Oct 86 MB]  -/6662

csO: 3400/102

83



"This organisation will continue to encourage a more widespread growth of
these and other specialised crops," said the ZNFU president.

More ZNFU members had shown enthusiasm for commercial dairy farming following
the success of the first such scheme in Marirangwe last year.

The number of agricultural shows held by farmers had increased and the ZNFU
intended in the 1986-87 season to compete for the first time in agricultural
shows at the national and provincial levels,

But, Cde Magadzire warned, there was no room for complacency as the union
was yet to fully satisfy its goal of sustainable and viable productivity,

"We consider this to be a challenge to the union and its members, a challenge
which can be met if concerted efforts are made to continue the positive de-
velopment that has taken place over the period under review."

The Agricultural Finance Corporation had been invited to help the small-scale
commercial farmers to improve their financial management skills,

Noting the importance of the agro-extension service and the external financial
service to the viability of the small-scale farming, the ZNFU was recommending
that the AFC form a department of financial extension,

To east farmers' access to inputs the union hoped that seed and chemical com-
panies would be more supportive by delivering their inputs to the warehouses
which were being built with this facility in mind,

"We may need to solicit the good offices of the Government in the negotiating
process with the agro-industrial companies," said Cde Magadzire.

“We fear that the small-scale commercial farm sub-sector will not be given
the weight it deserves if no effort is made to resolve the problems hampering
a fuller realisation of the potential of its farmers,"

Cde Magadzire said there was need for some changes in the sub-sector which
included a requirement for younger people and more dynamic skills.

19274
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38



[Borja] Of course he said that these reports are intended to divert attention
from the fact that you are not prepared to cease your own economic and
diplomatic relations with South Africa.

[Netanyahu] Well, I don't think that there is any question in the African
countries! minds about our policy toward South Africa or toward apartheid.

We have condemned it loudly, very clearly. I think as recently as 2 days ago
our foreign minister delivered a scathing attack on apartheid in the General
Assembly. So people know that....

[Borja, interrupting] So, in the battle for the hearts and minds of Africa,
which you seem to be having with the Arab states at the moment, you feel like
you are winning.

[Netanyahu] Well, I can say that there is a change, there is a positive

change. You know I can count it even on the record of attendance in our
foreign minister's speech at the UN a few days ago. Usually, you know, the
cameras pan and you see the delegates who were walking out, but it's interesting
that most of the African delegates stayed in, most of them listened. I can say
a good many of them actually clapped, applauded at the end of the speech.

[end recording]

/9716
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108



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ECONOMISTS DISCUSS BLACK, COLORED UNEMPLOYMENT
MB261001 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0932 GMT 26 Sep 86

[Text] Cape Town, Sept 26, SAPA--The number of registered unemployed
coloured people in the Western Cape has more than doubled in the past year.

But economic experts say the increase--from 8,553 to 19,945--is "nowhere
near" the true figure.

The nutiber of people actually registered as unemployed is only a fraction of
the total number of people out of work, according to Dr Charles Simkins of
the Department of Economics at the University of Cape Town, and his
Stellenbosch University counterpart, Prof Jan Sadie.

However; Dr Simkins said the dramatic increase in the number of registered
- unemployed did give some indication of the magnitude of the problem.

"Precisely how much worse it is getting is difficult to say, but it is very
bad," he said.

Figures from the Central Statistical Services (CSS) in Pretoria, after sur-
veying samples of the economically active population, gave a more realistic
figure but were still far from accurate, both academics said.

The surveys show that 51,000 people were unemployed in June, 1986 in the
Western Cape, compared to 43,000 in May last year.

The official figure for blacks over the same period has dropped from 10,000
to 7,500.

The national unemployment figure for Asians was 22,740 in June, 1985 compared
with 30,525 for the same month this year.

CSS could not provide the figure for unemployed whites.
Prof Sadie said the apparent drop in black unemployment was "unrealistic"
because official surveys did not take into account workers who lost their

jobs and returned to the TBVC (Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskeil]
states.

117



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 OCTOBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

African Bishops Assert Independence From European Patronage
(Juergen Hoeren; RHEINISCHER MERKUR/CHRIST UND WELT,
15 Aug 86) .scceceeeece

French Military Presence in Region Detailed
(THE STAR, 30 Sep 86) ..

ANGOLA

Situation Near Munhango, Benguela Railroad Discussed
(O DIA, 17 Sep 86) crscccccccucsccccsccccccccsvecceseceress

Briefs
Coastal Embankment Project
Military Conscription
Provincial Commissaries Assume Office
Soviet Youth Expo Opened
Malanje Population Urged To Join BPV

BENIN

Briefs
PRC Donates Medical Supplies

BURKINA

Briefs
Loan Agreement With WADB

GHANA
Briefs : ‘
FRG Development Loan

Calm Restored in Mamprussi

-a-

OOM MOO

10

it

12
12



MINISTER SAYS MOST OF NATION'S DAMS DANGEROUS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 24 Sep 86 p 14

[Article by Keith Abendroth]

(Text ]

A_ THIRD of South
Africa’s large dams —
nearly 120 of them —
are potential killers,
according to the Minis-
ter of - Agricultural
Economics and Water
Affairs, Mr Greyling
Wentzel.

Formally. opening the
first national conference
on big ‘dam safety; a con-
ference which will focus
on possible dam failures
in flood. or for other
reasons, Mr Wentzel said
the State was ‘concerned
about the. potential
threat.

However, contrary to
the pattern in other coun-
tries, dam safety legis-
lation had been intro-
duced in South Africa be-
fore a catastrophe could
occur.

As part of measures to
ensure the safety of dams,
he said, the State was
making available a sub-
stantial subsidy for the
upgrading of safety stan-
dards at existing dams.

Local as well as over-
seas experts will deliver
papers on a wide range of

/13104
csoO: 3400/121

subjects, at the three day
conference, relating to
dam safety.

Delegates iriclude indi-

vidual and corporate dam -

owners and particular at-
tention will be paid to
outlining and detailing
the responsiblities placed
on dam owners — includ-
ing the State — engineers
and regulatory bodies.

The conference takes
place against the back-
ground of wide ranging
new regulations to ensure
safety on dams.

Mr Wentzel said that
dams, for instance, sel-
dom burst. But when they
did, as had been seen in
other countries, they
caused catastrophes and
considerable loss of life
and property.

‘And, as populations in-
creased, and more dams
were built, so the danger
potential increased.

“This possi that
somebody will be killed in
a dam disaster is, statisti-
cally speaking, consider-
ably smailer than in other
more common dangers,
such as terrorist attacks,
aircraft, bus and train ac-

=

101

JPRS-SSA~86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

cidents.

“But when a dam does
go, generally the loss of
life and property is con-
siderably larger,” he said.

The State was often ac-
cused of overiegisiating. :
One heard snide remarks
about a regulation ridden
bureaucracy.

“In some ways I’m in-
clined to agree,” said Mr
Wentzel, but when the
safety of life, limb and
property were at stake,
even the most cynical had
to agree that legislation
on dam safety should be
seen as a statement of the
Government’s concern
for public safety.

“The frightful conse-
quences of a dam failure
are well known, or can at
least -be imagined. And
not counting the loss of
life, limb and property it
is almost certain that vital
economic interests will be
affected and that environ-
mental damage will oc-
cur,” he said.

Research and study had
revealed that the accident
rate per dam per year in-
creased alarmingly after
40 years of service.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PAID TV SERVICE HELPS ALLEVIATE UNEMPLOYMENT
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 21 Jul 86 p 7

[Article by Economic Editorial Staff: "Electronics Industry Gets Shot in the
Arm -- M-Net Gives Work to Thousands")

[Text] The local electronics manufacturing industry got a strong shot in the
arm with M-Net's awarding of two contracts for the production of 100,000
electronic decoders. M-Net is South Africa's first independent pay television
service. The 50-million rand contracts were awarded to Tek Corporation and
National Panasonic. National Panasonic will produce the decoders at its plant
in Parow. Production will start in January of next year and comprise an
investment of one million rands in a plant and equipment. Mr Terry Millar,
managing director of National Panasonic, said the contract means that he can
abandon plans for a four-day workweek and the dismissal of workers on account
of the recession. In the case of Tek Corporation, this means that 150 workers
who were dismissed earlier because of the recession will be reemployed at its
factory in East London.

Mr Ton Vosloo, managing director of the National Press and chairman of M-Net,
said the contracts involve the procurement of 100,000 decoders over the next
10 months. According to Mr Vosloo, there is also a possibility that the
contracts may be extended for another two years. In such a case the industry
would be benefitted by up to 150 million rands.

Competitive

Mr Vosloo said M-Net received 10 bids for the contract for manufacturing the
decoders, three of which were from companies in Japan, the Republic of China
and South Korea. "Our aim was to contribute as much as possible to the
development and expansion of the South African electronics industry. The best
bids by the South African industry were very competitive with those of the
foreign companies," he said. It must still be finally decided what the
decoder will cost, but it will be between about 550 and 600 rands. M-Net will
start broadcasting on the Witwatersrand on 1 October and in Pretoria in
January of next year. The decoder is smaller than a conventional video
cassette recorder and can be placed on top or near the television set.

61



Critical Period

But it is certain that it will experience a critical period. And most
important of all: even if it comes out on the other side with flying economic
colors, the question still remains whether it could also settle its political
problems in the meantime. Former Rhodesia is nowadays often pointed out as
an example that sanctions do not work. And if they could not overpower
Rhodesia's economy, it is said, how will the dismantlers then manage it with
the much more powerful South Africa? That is a reference which should not be
swallowed without further ado. Firstly, it must be remembered that Rhodesia
had an old buddy in South Africa that held its hand. Secondly, although it is
true that it was still on its economic legs after 15 years of isolation, it
was not able to remain standing politically.

Victory

Rhodesia offers the very object lesson that a regime can succeed economically
and can have the upper hand militarily and still lose politically. Despite
all sorts:of achievements, the Smith government was eventually obliged to give
up rule in a way that it deemed unthinkable a few years before. South Africa
will have to fight the economic onslaught with tooth and nail. And we must
not have any illusion: the demands will become more and more insane. Nothing
is going to satisfy these fanatics. There are some of them who are already
alluding to military action. (Do you still remember the years when the
opposition in parliament asked: against whom is South Africa arming itself?
Whom does it want to attack?) But, along with the war to break the economic
siege, the political tasks cannot be left aside either. Victory will not
ultimately lie in how many goods we smuggled out or what necessities we
imported.

Consolidate?

The final answer will only be found if negotiation can be put into motion and
a form of agreement reached with the reasonable forces at home. Whatever the
economic demands are thus going to be, political reform cannot be pushed
aside. An unanswered question is precisely to what extent sanctions are going
to further inhibit and bungle the whole political action by raising
frustrations. On the other hand: is it perhaps going to be possible to
consolidate the reasonable forces if a struggle for survival is tackled
jointly?

13084
CSO: 3401/174

AT



On the involvement of security forces, he said there had been no invitation
from the university for the Ciskei security forces to intervene in
university matters.

"I can't say more than that."

Asked what the university's attitude to the troops intervention was, he
said he could not answer that question. He referred all related questions
to the Ciskei security forces.

As far as he knew, all the members. of the SRC were back in attendance at

the university. Only the SRC and its constitution had been suspended,

no individual students had been expelled, he added. "If they have left

they have done so by their.own volition...there isno question of readmission."

Dr Holliday said class attendance "for 60 percent of the year" had been
disrupted by boycotts. However, the university was "giving them a chance."
The commencement of the examinations for full-time students had been set
back 2 weeks, giving them extra "swotting" time. Students needed to qualify
with a year-mark from tests for examination entry. Some test dates had
also been extended, he said.

The latest boycott incident had arisen over an incident during the miid-
year examinations when 32 of the 98 students did not write the history
examination because they attended the funeral of an alleged ANC member.

The department refused a re-examination. Following a mass meeting the
SRC decided the whole student body would boycott classes. But the
department's decision was upheld by the senate.

19604
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96



In fact, during the visit paid yesterday by the prime minister to the two
warehouses, it was noted that, despite the improved appearance, there is a
_ lack of method and organization in the economic circuit, .and major losses are
occurring, owing to poor packing and faulty handling of various products.

Mario Machungo instructed the Ministry of Trade to intensify the knowledge of
the causes for these irregularities, and to ensure the conditions that would
enable EACM to render its clients efficient service.

Yesterday afternoon, NOTICIAS learned that the Ministry of Trade has already
appointed a team headed by a national director, which will assist the management
group of the city of Maputo supply enterprise in making the documentary circuit
and the movement of commodities more operative, and in ensuring financial and
managerial control of stocks.

Moreover, we contacted EACM's general director, Arnaldo Chamuco, who admitted
that the criticism made by the prime minister was warranted, and pledged to
guarantee an immediate cleaning of the facilities, including the office equip-
ment, file cabinets, and secretaries' desk drawers.

2909
CSO: | 3442/9

21



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

LIBERIA

NDPL YOUTH ACCUSE RELIGIOUS LEADERS OF CLANDESTINE ACTIVITY

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 9 Sep 86 p 6

{Text]

The Youth Wing of
the National
Democratic Party of
Liberia (NDPL), says
the move by certain
religious leaders to
pay Supreme Court
fines for the three
political leaders, (now
released from deten-

tion) ‘was not in the —

interest of peace”.
According to the

wing, the move was a

“glaring manifestation

19274

cso: 3400/128

of the religious leaders’
clandestine support for
the opposition”.

“In a prepared state-
ment delivered at a
press conference at the
NDPL Sinkor head-
quarters yesterday, the
youths accused the
religious leaders of
“supinely allowing the
opposition to create fear
and chaos in the coun-
try”.
They added that these

religious leaders only
come to the defense of
the opposition after the
law takes its due course.

Said NDPL Youth
Wing Chairman Max-
well Kaba, ‘They did
not advise the opposi-
tion to pay the fines
when they were impos-
ed by the Supreme
Court, but they were
willing to pay the fines
after they learned that
the leaders were in Belle
Yella (prison).

The wing also rejected
claims by the opposition
about the existence of
mass graves at Belle
Yella.

The three opposition
leaders, Jackson Doe of
the Liberia Action Party
(LAP), Edward Kesselly
of Unity Party (UP), and
William Kpoleh of the
Liberia Unification Par-
ty (LUP), were detained
last August for their
refusal to pay Supreme
Court fines of $1,000.00
each.

The NDPL youths
pointed out that the fre-
quent decisions of the

17

opposition’ to promote
what they called van-
dalism, chaos and con-
fusion amongst the ~
Liberian people are a
clear indication that the
experiment of the multi-
party system in Liberia
is not feasible.

This observation by
the NDPL youth wing
comes in the wake of fre-
quent re-affirmations of
government's commit-
ment to the multi-party
system as.expressed by
the Liberian leader who
happens to be the Stan-
dard Bearer of NDPL.



These included:

--that the additional water acquired not be applied to stimulate the PWV
[Pretoria, Witwatersrand, Vereeniging] area and rather be used to promote
deconcentration and decentralisation;

--that the project does not harm the Bloemfontein-De Aar-lower Orange River
areas water needs;

~-negotiations on the Caledon scheme should follow the approval 3
--methods to desiltify dams should be investigated; and

--a study must be launched to investigate the further development of the
lower Orange River area. .

"In approving the project the government, therefore, considered the effects
it would have on the various existing and planned projects within the RSA,"
Mr Botha said.

Extensive work was presently being undertaken on the Orange-Riet canal, the
Fish-Sondags scheme and the lower Fish River project.

Planning was also in progress fou the state to undertake the Kakamas and
Orange-Douglas canal. |

\
Investigations were also: instituted to ensure that irrigation land adjoining
the rivers of the northern Free State and Cape were not damaged.

"After provision had been made for all the projects tackled, and for large-
scale water sales to farmers along the Orange and Fish river for the greater
Kakamas scheme, and for the Highland Water Project, more than 1~billion cubic
metres of water are available for further ‘application in dry areas.

"That is enough for 70,000 to 75,000 hectares under irrigation.

"A large portion of the additional water available from Orange is already
saved for storage in the Fish River.

“This is-the practical way in which South Africa tackles issues in its re~
gion. There are several similar projects in which we can set the lead
here and in southern Africa," he said.

16662
cso: 3400/97

100



“With the introduction of an own government service in Namibia in 1980,

black and brown citizens were caught pants down. We were not only unable to
get qualified black and brown manpower for the central government departments,
but almost none for the second tiers that were created for our ethnic groups.
What a tragedy that people cannot even run their own afiiairs effectively."

Mr Matjila said black and brown citizens should realise that the time was long
past when it was taken for granted that the destiny of the territory was the
sole prerogative of the white community. "You have an important role to play
here, and more than ever before, in all educational matters. We live ina
Namibia surrounded by determined, and in certain cases well educated, and
strongly motivated competitors. Some of them are already celebrating their
20th year of independence, while we still languish in uncertainty. It is not
only dangerous, but tantamount to treason to try and delay or sabotage the
process of educational development", Mr Matjila said.

/9716
cso: 3400/112

29



It would be difficult for South Africa to continue buying wheat and agricul-
tural products from countries boycotting South Africa when other sources of
supply were readily available, Mr Jooste said. He pointed out that this
should not be seen as a threat, but as the rational and normal reaction of a
proud sector being attacked and forced into a corner and fighting for survival.

/6662
cso: 3400/97

110



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMANDO TRAINING FOR NONWHITES DESCRIBED
Pretoria PARATUS in Afrikaans Jul 86 pp 12-15

(Article by Lt Cpl J. Botes: "Blacks and Coloreds Fired With Enthusiasm for
Commando Service -- 'Group 26: We Are Making History! '"]

[Text] During their border service in 1977 Group 26 set up an announcement
there: "Group 26: We are making history." Group 26 recently made history
again when many members of other population groups received training for
commando service. It was the first time for people from other population
groups out of a whole group area to receive centralized training. This
training, called "Exercise Self-Reliance," was offered by Group 26, and Blacks
and Coloreds were involved in it. Its aim was to orient and give basic
training to members of other population groups so that they can integrate into
the existing commando organization in order to be able to carry out area
protection tasks in their own residential areas in particular.

The use of Blacks and Coloreds in the SADF is not a new thing! They have
already long been employed in the Standing Force and also receive training at
various training units. It was the first time, however, for local workers
from a certain area to receive centralized training. This can be traced back
far. Black and colored people have been involved in defending the country
ever since the arrival of Jan van Riebeeck. They were first called Pandours;
later they were Dragoons. ‘The Voortrekkers also had colored people, called
agterryers, who fought along with them against the Zulus and other black
forces and who were also killed in that struggle.

The black and colored men who received commando training all come from the
Group 26 area. The OFS [Orange Free State] is split up into six parts or
groups. The groups are again split up into commandos. Group 26 consists of
the following six commandos: Jacobsdal (this includes the towns of Jacobsdal
and Koffiefontein), Fauresmith (Fauresmith, Petrusburg, Jagersfontein and
Lackhoff), Smithfield (Trompsburg and Smithfield), Rouxville (just Rouxville),
Philippolis (Philippolis, Bethulie and Springfontein) and Edinburg (Edinburg,
Dewetsdorp and Reddersburg) .

The commandos have mainly two forces; namely, the area protection force and

the action force. The other population groups will mainly be employed in the
area protection force. Here they will be responsible for protection of house

53



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ISRAEL'S UN ENVOY CITES FIGURES ON ARAB TRADE WITH RSA
MB021722 London BBC World Service in English 1515 GMT 2 Oct 86
[From the "Focus on Africa" program]

[Text] Israel has often been accused of providing moral and economic support
to the government of South Africa; and, should mandatory sanctions be imposed,
it is widely supposed that Israel would offer a convenient means for South
Africa to bypass some of the restrictions. However, Israel is hitting back at
the critics by revealing that they are by no means the only ones and that
many Arab states are breaking the boycott as well. On the line to New York
(Julian Borja) asked Binyamin Netanyahu, Israel's ambassador to the United
Nations, what the links were:

[Begin Recording] [Netanyahu] We have uncovered a massive oil trade between
several countries in the Persian Gulf, Arab countries and Iran and South
Africa. What we have seen is that in the period 1980 to 1986 we have uncovered,
so far, detailed reports about 119 tankers. There were another 42 tankers,
which will be shortly itemized. But even on the information that we have now it
is clear that the volume of oil trade between. these countires--Saudi Arabia,
Oman, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Baharain, and Iran--with

South Africa has been close to $8 billion in oil trade. It's enormous, and

I have to point out that Iran and Iraq have a special trade with South Africa.
What they have is not merely selling oil and receiving money, They have a
barter arrangement where they ship on the order of $1 billion of oil each.

Iran shipped about $1 billion of oil last year as did Iraq. In return they
got 155 mm guns and howitzers to supply each others' army in their mutual
carnage in the war between Iran and Iraq.

[Borja] And do you believe your evidence is good enough to convince the UN
General Assembly?

[Netanyahu] Oh, I have no doubt about that. I have seen the reactions to the
material. : The evidence is not an Israeli material. It is actually material
compiled by an independent research shipping bureau in Amsterdam, which is
actually a body set up in afiliation with the United Nations to monitor the
ban on shipping to South Africa, That material that they have produced,
which is absolutely reliable, is publicly available. It gives you the ship,
the tonnage, the registry, the date the ship left the port, the date it
arrived in South Africa, and so on.

107



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ANC REPRESENTATIVE OUTLINES POLICY TOWARD ACADEMIC BOYCOTTS
Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 26 Sep - 2 Oct 86 p 13
[Article by Shaun Johnson]

{Text ]

THE African National Congress (ANC)
plays a pivotal role in determining the extent
ond. effect of the academic boycott of South
Africa, And all indications are that its
influence is set to increase in the coming
months.

Although the organisation’s “no
exceptions” stated policy to. “isolate white-
dominated South Africa” — academics
specifically included — has been consistent,
many university teachers and observers are
unclear as to what this means in practice.

There has also been little direct
information on the policies of other
important organisations, here and abroad.

The ANC’s position is complicated by the
fact that the organisation has not only been
prepared to receive South African academic
delegations in Lusaka (witness the recent
visit by a contingent from the universities of
Cape Town and the Western Cape), but
appears to have endorsed the attendance of
selected South African academics at
overseas conferences (witness the
“clearance” of two Wits University lecturers
for the Delhi sociology gathering).

In an attempt to gain further clarity on the
ANC’s policy, and thereby facilitate some
progress in the local debate among
academics on the boycott, the Weekly Mail
put a series of questions to the ANC’s
represent: in Lusaka, Tom Sebina.

Sebina confirmed that the ANC had been
asked to screen South African delegates to
the International Sociological Association’s
annual conference in New Delhi. Asked who
had been designated by the organisation to
undertake the screening, Sebina said
decisions were made on_ the sis of
“consultation between ANC offices in
London, Lusaka and Delhi”. Advice was
also sought “from people in South Africa”,
he said.

71

He also confirmed that the recent “hard
line” policy statement on South African
academics by ANC education officer H
Makgothi remained unchanged (see main
story).

Responding to reports which’ suggested
the ANC was to send a delegation to next
week’s “South Africa after Apartheid”
conference in England, Sebina said: “No
decision has been taken yet on the York
conference.”

He came out strongly against overseas
academics visiting South African
universities. Asked whether there were any
cases in which the ANC believed academics
could legitimately visit South Africa from
abroad, he said: “There can be no
justification for such visits.”

The British Anti-Apartheid Movement
(AAM) supports a-blanket academic’ boycott,
and says it allows “no qualifications” to this
position.

‘According. to London AAM Campaigns
Officer Karen Talbot, “We have a very clear
position in support of.a complete boycott by
British academics of South Africa and
Namibia, and also by South African and
Namibian academics living in the United
Kingdom.”

Talbot said the AAM. would not diverge
from or dilute this policy, and “constantly
appealed to student unions and teachers’
unions in Britain to be vigilant and on guard
against South African academics who are
invited to their institutions”.

The United Democratic Front has recently
discussed the academic boycott in some
detail, according to acting publicity
secretary Murphy Morobe. The UDF
supported the boycott and did not encourage
foreign academics to visit South Africa.
“Despite the argument that this cuts
universities off from some of the finest



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

DROUGHT VICTIMS RECEIVE CLOTHING, MEDICINE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 20 Sep 86 p 1

[Text] Yesterday, a donation worth $5 million was given by the international
organization, the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, with headquarters in
Washington, in the United States of America, to the Department to Prevent and
Combat Natural Disasters. The gift consists of clothing for working and profes-
sional people, and a variety of medicines.

At the function to present these items, which took place at the Rennies storage
facilities located in the town of Matela, the ambassadors extraordinary and
plenipotentiary of the United States and Portugal accredited to Mozambique,
Peter Jon de Vos and Dr Jose Cesar Palouro das Neves, respectively, were in
attendance.

Also present was the director of the Department to Prevent. and Combat Natural
Disasters, Amos Mahanjane, as were some officials from the Health Ministry and
from various Protestant and Catholic volunteer organizations working in our
country, namely, the Lutheran World Federation, Caritas of Mozambique, and the
Christian Council of Mozambique.

As was announced on this occasion, the items donated yesterday will be distri-
buted among the provinces in the northern part of the country, particularly
Niassa Province, where the state of nakedness is most glaring.

The United States ambassador said that the delivery of these items reflects the
spirit of friendship and solidarity that exists between the organization, the
Sovereign Military Order of Malta, and the Mozambican people; adding that the
members of this organization are expending efforts to make more support of this
kind possible in the future.

The Portuguese ambassador, in turn, noted that the Luso—American Association
in Lisbon signed an agreement with the Sovereign Military Order of Malta aimed
at providing material support to the countries whose official language is
Portuguese, in the event of emergency situations.

The Portuguese ambassador also stressed that a percentage of the cost of

freight for transporting the 20 containers to Maputo filled with clothing and
medicines was financed by the Luso-American Association in Lisbon.

23



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

JOHANNESBURG CITY COUNCILLOR DESCRIBES TENANT EXPLOITATION

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Sep 86 p 12

[Article by Tony Leon, Johannesburg City Councillor for Bellevue, Judiths

Paarl and Bertrams]

{Text ]

Barely a day goes past when I am |
not advised by residents of|
instances of exploitation by!
landlords in my ward. These relate
to,inter alia:

@ Overcharging of electricity
accounts:

In no fewer than four blocks of
flats in Bellevue, each being
rent-controlled, certain tenants are
being charged upwards of R90, for |
the monthly electricity consumption
of a one-bedroomed apartment.
(Rent-control applies to all,
buildings built or occupied on or|
before October 20 1949.)

While it is difficult to generalise, |
it is fair to say that the average:
monthly account, in normal circum-:
stances, should be about R30.

I have been forced to conclude
that certaim landlords are using the
electricity account to escape the
low rental prescribed by the Rent
Control Act. This, of course, is both
illegal and immoral.

I must warn these landlords that
most of the leases I have examined,;
specifically provide for the
metering of electricity consumed.
In violation and breach of such
leases, the very people who drew
them up, ie the landlords, do not
provide their tenants with such
metered statements of accounts.

Statements

About four weeks ago, one of the
landlords concerned gave me an

89

undertaking that she would ensure!
that all tenants were furnished with:
proper statements of account.
However, she ‘has yet to do so. {
I have advised her tenants to
institute legal proceedings and have
arranged legal aid for them.

@ INegally cutting off the water and
electricity supply to “punish”
tenants who are late in paying rent:

All tenants are obliged to pay
their rentals timeously. However,
certain landlords are cutting off the
supply of water and electricity to
compel such payments.

It is not lawful for landlords’ to.
take the law into their own hands in
such a manner. The proper and
correct procedure is for the
landlord to get a court order either
compelling payment or evicting the
tenant or both.

I must add that there have been
allegations made against a certain
landlord that she has deliberately
waited 25 days before’ clearing a
tenant’s cheque, in the hope
(accurate as it transpired) that at
that stage there would be insuf-
ficient funds to meet it. This, of
course, is unconscionable behaviour,
which the law recognises as such.

It is important that both
landlords and tenants realise that
the only competent manner for a
tenant to be removed from occu-
pation is through a court order. The
tenant will have an opportunity in



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

FRENCH MILITARY PRESENCE IN REGION DETAILED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Sep 86 p 15

[Text] The first phase of the armed forces recruitment exercise in West
Nile has ended up in an expected total failure, a victim of the ghosts
of Uganda's past armies,

The people of West Nile have totally rejected joining the armed forces, with
the majority saying that they have better things to do than engage in soldier-
ing.

As the situation stands at the moment, most citizens in Arua and Madi dis-
tricts have turned to business and agriculture with a vengeance, and the
result is that the two districts are an island of peace in troubled Uganda, a
situation which the residents are very sensitive and jealous about,

Most say that the peace prevailing in Arua and Madi districts is a result of
the absence of heavy concentrations in the area and the determination of the
local population to concentrate on business and agriculture,

Indeed the evidence is there, Arua probably has the highest per capita con-
centration of new pick-ups and the demand for hoes is so high that there is
hardly any area which is not tilled.

Most residents say that the NRA together with Moses Ali's disciplined Rescue
Front (now integrated in the NRA) are enough to maintain peace and security
in the area,

Our correspondent who visited Arua saw the other side of the coin, Moses Ali
is quite popular in Arua as his soldiers have recorded discipline which is
comparable to that of the NRA,

"I£ the police can manage to recruit only 14 people," one resident said "you
can imagine what the NRA shall recruit."

Another aspect which has put people off is probably the relative hardship
faced by the typical NRA's as opposed to the ill-gotten luxury of the previous
armies, To serve in the NRA calls for a discipline ‘unknown in the previous
armies,'


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brains in the world, we believe that the
isolation of the government is more
important.” .

As far as allowing progressive South
African’ academics access to an overseas
audience was concerned, Morobe said the
UDF. was developing a policy of “tactical
flexibility”.

“Tt is the regime we want to isolate,” he
said, “and to achieve that we support the
boycott, But of course there are cases: when
inflexibility is not appropriate. What is
important to us is that progressives are
screened in’ some way by the broad
democratic movement — including the UDF
and Cosatu. They must enjoy the support of
the movement.”

72



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ZULU KING WARNS OPPONENTS TO CEASE VIOLENCE
MB240556 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2314 GMT 23 Sep 86
{Embargoed until 1000 GMT 24 Sep]

[Text] Ulundi, 23 Sep (SAPA)--King Goodwill Zwelithin of the Zulus said |
today that his people would turn to an "eye for an eye and a tooth for a
tooth" philosophy unless the opponents of negotiated settlement ceased
their violence against them. He told a mass Shaka Day rally that those
behind plots of assassination, necklacing and the burning and looting of
schools would be discovered and rooted out.

The Zulu monarch said he was aware of repeated threats to the life of his
uncle, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi. He warned: "If anything happens to him
we will know from what quarter it comes. I shudder to think of what will
happen to those people should they succeed."

The Zulus were a warrior people with the power to defend what they were
doing. His father's people would never be made subservient to those who
had lost their souls.

"Every true-blooded Zulu. is called on by history itself now to make that
final thrust that will replace apartheid with an open and just democracy
in which there shall be equality for all," King Goodwill said.

"Leave your spears where they are. Pick them up only when some want to
treat you as dirt and as cowards and intimidate you into abandoning your
noble commitment (to national reconciliation) which has come down to you
through your Zulu heritage." .

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78



/7310

Agricultural Union President Backs Pik Botha on Sanctions
(SAPA, 2 Oct 86) wrcceececerecscvereveccccccceerereeeasteee

Economics Reporter on Case for, Against Import Substitution
(BUSINESS DAY, 24 Sep 86) scvccsceceeeevceccvevereescecces

Survey Shows Exports Increase, Economy Up
(SAPA, 1 Oct 86) .ceccseccceccrcceverccsceersecereeeenseee

Economic Upswing Seen in View of Debt Agreement
(Johannesburg International Service, 30 Sep 86) ..+.+ereee

Rand Mines Backs Vansa in New Platinum Venture
(THE STAR, 25 Sep 86) ceecveeeeecctcccrecevceeceeserencecs

Economists Discuss Black, Colored Unemployment
(SAPA, 26 Sep 86) ceceseccesccecvecesccccerersrerecerrcces

109

111

114

115

116

117



INDIAN TRADE LINKS WITH NATION REVEALED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Sep 86 p 15

{Text ]

DELHI — While India’s
Prime Minister Mr Rajiv
Gandhi has been castigating
the world, and Britain in par-
ticular, for maintaining trad-
ing links with South Africa,
the Indian Press has been un-
covering his own country’s
dealings with the “hated
apartheid regime”.

Press reports have concen-
trated in particular on the
links Indian industry has es-
tablished with the South Afri-
can diamond trade. The Sun-
day Observer said that while
Mr Gandhi was telling Mrs

Thatcher not to give human.

rights and freedom second
place to material gains, the
diamond trade between India
and South Africa continued to
flourish.

Sunday Magazine said that
in 1985-86 India imported
34,23-million carats of uncut
diamonds worth more than
R2 200-million, compared
with 26,3-million carats in
1984-85.

The rough stones were po-
lished and processed by about
400000 jewel trade workers,
mainly in and around Bom-
bay, and were re-exported to
bring in about R2900-million
of foreign exchange.

Where, the writers asked,
do these diamonds come
from?

The answer they give is at
least partly from South Afri-
ca. The diamonds are bought
mainly through the Diamond

13104
CsO: 3400/116

Trading Corporation (DTC) of
London and its associated
company, the Central Selling
Organisation. Both are the
arms of major South African
exporters such as De Beers. _
Though the stones they buy
are described as of mixed ori-
gin and though DTC.trades in
stones from many other
sources, a large proportion of
them come directly from the
South African mines.
- Since the revelations that
Indian traders are like Ameri-
can women — whom US Sec-
retary of State Mr George
Shultz feared would not be
prepared to give up buying
diamonds — the Bombay in-
dustry has been asked to buy
its stocks from the DTC in
Switzerland instead of Lon-

don.

But the Sunday Observer re-
ports traders as saying that it
does not matter where they
get the raw diamonds from.
The paper also reports that
India’s External Affairs Min-
istry feels that given the
stranglehold De Beers has on
the international market, it
would be very difficult for
India to plug the loopholes.

Loopholes in regulations
governing trade other than
diamonds have also attracted
Press attention. Many have
pointed out a curiosity in the
spice trade, which has shown
a startling rise with countries
like Zambia, Mozambique,
Malawi and Tanzania.

106

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

In 1982-3, for example,
Sunday Magazine noted, Zam-
bia imported rich curry spices
worth R24 000 — enough, the
magazine suggested, for the
few thousand Indians living in
that country of 5,l-million
people. The very next year
the trade went up more than
sixfold.

Simultaneously, -the spice
trade increased with the other
Frontline states. Mozambi-
que’s purchases doubled, Ma-i
lawi’s went up four times and
Tanzania increased its trade
from nil to R220 000.

It is not, the magazine sug-
gests, that culinary tastes in.
black Africa have suddenly
changed in favour of curry:
and rice, nor has there been
an influx of people of Indian ‘
origin.

The answer is that a cheap

and reliable supply of spices
has opened up for the million
or more residents of South
Africa who are of Indian
stock.
_The interception of one
cargo of spices in 1985 indi-
cates the way Indians have
been beating the formal ban
on trading with South Africa.

The spices were loaded in
Bombay and marked for ex-
Port to Mozambique. They
were labelled Maputo (D), But
the D was a code for Durban,
and when the ship called at
Colombo, the crates were un-
loaded and reloaded on to a
Durban-bound vessel.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SOWETO PARTY DELEGATION MEETS TO END COUNCIL
MB021218 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1212 GMT 2 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg, Oct 2 SAPA--Thée Sofasonke Party of Soweto met officials
of the Department of Constitutional Planning and Development in Pretoria on
Monday to discuss the disbanding of the Soweto Council.

Party public relations officer Mr Ambition Brown said yesterday they acted
on a mandate given to the party executive by about 5,000 supporters at a
meeting on Sunday.

"The meeting recommended the Soweto Council be suspended and dissolved at a
later stage. This was conveyed to a Dr Fourie and an official of the Depart-
ment of Constitutional Planning and Development in charge of local government.

"The party representatives included Soweto mayor and party president,
Mr Ephraim Tshabalala; the secretary, Mr David Tsotetsi; organizer Mrs Hazel
Nkosi, youth leader Mr Oupa Motlana and myself.

"We told the officials of the mandate given to us. We cited the reasons
for taking this decision including the incompetence and ‘malpractices of some
members of the council.

"We also pointed out that some councillors have deserted their wards. They
are no longer living in the township. We also wanted a commission of inquiry
into what is happening in the Soweto Council.

"The officials. noted what we said and promised that the recommendation for dis~-
solving the council will receive attention by the minister, Mr Chris Heunis.

“We are now going to wait for a response from the department on this matter
and then have a report back meeting with the people," Mr Brown said.

With the dissolution of the council, the civic affairs of the township should
be run by an interim committee comprising organisations that have shown an
interest in local civic affairs.

1/6662
cso: 3400/102

76



EASTERN CAPE WHEAT FARMERS BLAME DROUGHT FOR EROSION
Port Elizabeth WEEKEND POST in English 20 Sep 86 pp 10-11

{Article by Shirley Pressly]

[Text]

PATERSON wheat farm-
ers dispute that they are
turning the district into a
dust bowl by clearing vast
tracts of land and planting
thousands of hectares un-
der wheat.

They admit that there is
a problem with wind ero-
sion in the district but do
not feel that they alone are
to blame.

“We are not exonerating
ourselves. It is happening.
But it has never happened
before that we have had
such a long period of
drought.

_ “We will overcome the

roblem,” said veteran
farmer Mr Wallace Love-
more, who has handed over
the running of his family
farm, Preston Park, to his
gon, Ronnie.

Leading wheat farmers
from the Paterson district
have issued a challenge toa,
debate on one of their
farms to anyone accusing
them of being responsible
for the dust problem,

‘The problem was high-
lighted this week with
reports of a vast dust cloud,
swept along by winds gust-
ing up to 70km/h along
national route N2.

The cause was attributed
by the Department of Agri-
culture and Water Supply
to wind erosion in the
Paterson district.

Mr Lovemore said the
blame was being placed at
the door of the wheat
farmers in the Paterson
district with allegations
that valuable topsoil was
being carried out to sea.

“There is no way that our
soil can get to Algoa Bay,”
said Mr Lovemore.

The Paterson farmers
defended themselves
against accusations made
against them in a letter
which appeared in a PE
daily newspaper this week.

The writer, Mr Timm
Hoffmann, who is doing his
doctorate at the University
of Port Elizabeth on the
vegetation dynamics of the
Sundays River catchment
area, claimed the wind was
not to be blamed for the
erosion “but the farmers of
the area stand accused”.

Mr Hoffmann said in his
letter that the Paterson dis-
trict should never have
been a wheat growing re-
gion and the clearing of
vast tracts of valley bush-
veld vegetation of this area

should neyer have been al-
lowed.

Mr Hoffmann could not
be contacted because he
was away on a field trip.

“We realise there is a
problem but it is a natural
catastrophe. It has been the
driest four-year period in

102

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

60 years. The last time wing
speeds like that were
recorded was in 1981, when
161mm of rain fell,” said
Mr Lovemore.

He said abnormal winds
had been experienced in
June only a week after
wheat was planted.

There are about eight
farmers who plant wheat
on a large scale in the dis-
trict.

Mr Ulrich van Rensburg,
of the farm Thornycroft,
said silos with a capacity of
30000 tons had recently
been built with the go-
ahead and sanction of the
Wheat Board and the Land
Bank,

“The potential here war-
rants putting up the silos. It
is not a case that farmers
here have gone into grow-
ing wheat blindly,” he said.

For the past three years
the Department of Agricul-
ture had strictly enforced
an existing ruling that per-
mission had to be obtained
and granted before bush
could be cleared.

There was a fine for
clearing bush without per-
mission from Agriculture
and this was stricly en-
forced.

Another big wheat farm-
er, Mr Neil Buchner, of the
farm Aasvoélviei, said:



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PFP CALLS PLANNED NORWETO TOWNSHIP 'UNVIABLE'
MB241214 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1205 GMT 24 Sep 86

[Text] Johannesburg, 24 Sep (SAPA)--The Progressive Federal Party (PFP)
today said the proposed new township of "Norweto" situated between
Sandton and Pretoria would be unviable while the Group Areas Act was
still in force.

"any town planning that takes place with the Group Areas Act in existence
will be racially distorted and not based on sound planning," Mr D. Qually,
regional chairman of the PFP's southern Transvaal Branch, said in a state-
ment to SAPA today.

The statement said a meeting of PFP caucuses from the Johannesburg,
Randburg and Sandton municipalities, the regional executive of the party
and Mr Dave Dalling, MP for Sandton, had adopted resolutions rejecting the
Norweto proposals.

The township would be "racially structured and economically non-viable,"
the resolutions said. It was based on "old NP (National Party) ideology"
and data that "bear no relation to reality."

The resolutions included demands that the plan be taken back to the
drawing board, that extensive consultation with black people and others

affected by the proposals take place, and that suitable land for future
urbanisation of blacks be identified.

In rejecting the plan for Norweto, the PFP said it recognised "the urgency
of providing land for residential development and the need for planning
based on national, economic, demographic and social consideration." The
PFP demanded the abolition of the Group Areas Act, the statement said.

19604
cso: 3400/82

87



The men went to jog on the road a few times, clad in their yellow Group 26 T-
shirts with the slogan "Our cause is right" on the back. With or without
rifles, they jogged about three kilometers past Fauresmith's and
Jagerfontein's colored and black neighborhoods. Pride radiated from the men
when they jogged at a steady quick pace past jesting little children and
women. Now their own people can see they are in the Defense Force: "They are
men." The big highlight was the shooting exercise. They could not stop
talking about it. Drill was also one big pleasure. With their natural rhythn
it did not take them long to acquire all the drill movements. Each day was
concluded with two beers, or, if the man did not drink beer, he could get pop.
That really quenches a man's thirst nicely after such a hard day. Little
groups stand and chat about the day's things -- and if there is not chatting,
hands with beers chat throughout the air. ‘There is laughter about mistakes
made that day, demonstrations are given about how they see a drill movement,
highlights are discussed -- all just nice Defense Force chatter.

In an interview Col Maas sketched the background to the training camp.
According to him, the Group has already identified for some time the need to
train other population groups within a commando context. Arrangements for the
training camp were started after approval was obtained from the OFS Command.
Two commandos within the Group already had two colored platoons that had even
already performed border service. However, it was now the first time that
Blacks and Coloreds from the whole group area got centralized training.
Members were nominated from all the commandos to receive training. These
members were entirely volunteers. They were recruited by approaching the
employers to nominate people who want to come, who then received training
after testing. The people were tested in a group context so that authorities
like the Post Office and Water Affairs had a whole number of people at the
training. They will then be employed within the commandos, where they will be
progressively trained further. All racial groups are being integrated into
area protection so that they can be used within their own area. Employees can
also help to assure the security of their places of work.

The Blacks who are involved in the training are, according to Maj Terblanche,
the course leader, part of the 80 percent neutrals. What group he is going to
join depends on who reaches him first and wins him over to his viewpoint --
whether he is going to join the radical Blacks or whether he is going to work
against them and protect his own people. According to Maj Terblanche, there
were four highlights: The lectures (especially those on intelligence) have
now given them a clear picture of what is expected of them to get peace and
harmony in their neighborhoods. The shooting training was also a great
highlight for them. The opportunity that was offered them to jog with their
uniform T-shirts, nutria pants, boots and rifles, through the neighborhoods
where they live was a big experience for them. Singing with their rifles,
they elicited the admiration of their people. The black man believes that a
man should be strong. He should be subjected to strict discipline. In the
Defense Force he finds the strong man he is seeking. By being taken into the
Defense Force, he is the strong man he wants to be.

Major Terblanche picked out a few points which he considers important for

future training courses for other population groups. Testing should take
place in a group context, so that age and educational groups can be grouped

55



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

HNP LEADER CRITICIZES BROEDERBOND, GOVERNMENT
MB020516 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2257 GMT 1 Oct 86

[Excerpts] Pretoria, Oct 1 SAPA--The secretive Afrikaner Broederbond which
was closely aligned with the cabinet had become a mouthpiece for communism
and liberalism, the leader of the Herstigte Nasionale Party [Reformed National
Party], Mr Jaap Marais, said tonight.

Addressing about 500 people in the Pretoria city hall, he quoted extensively
from a "secret" Broederbond document which he said was a memorandum for
South Africa's constitutional future and told Afrikaners that the exclusion
of blacks from government processes was a threat to the future of whites in
the country.

He offered tomake copies of the document--the existence of which has already
been raised in parliamentary debate--available to members of the public
for R2 a copy.

Citing extracts from the seven-page memorandum which was distributed to
Broederbond members, he said it maintained the repeal of all racially
discriminatory measures was a necessity if Afrikaners were to survive.

f
The document amounted to "an announcement of a policy that will lead to the
destruction of whites in South Africa."
In.a wide-ranging two-hour speech in which he attacked National Party [NP]
government policies under the state president, Mr P.W. Botha, as well as the
former leader, Mr John Vorster, Mr Marias said that until 1966, when the then
premier, Dr Hendrik Verwoerd was assassinated, South Africa had been a
‘stable, prosperous and unity country.

i | j
Twenty years later, there was insecurity and instability, increasing inter-
national hostility, and an economic and financial "mess." |

‘People were confused and frustrated and there was no. prospect of return to
the Verwoerdian eras stability unless the present government was removed.

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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51



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

to Ghana, Mr An Yong~chol, handed over the keys to the secretary of agri~
culture, Commodore Steve Obimpeh, in Accra. The National Mobilization Pro~-
gram, the Ministries of Youth and Sports, Agriculture, and the Police Hos-
pital, are the beneficiaries. Mr An said his government appreciates Ghana's
efforts to revive her economy under the economic recovery program. ‘the gift
is therefore aimed at helping to speed up these efforts. On this part,
Commodore Obimpeh said the gift is another testimony of the cordial rela-
tions between Ghana and South Korea. He disclosed that South Korean assis-
tance to Ghana since 1984 is worth 28.5 million cedis in the form of drugs,
stationery, agricultural equipment, and vehicles. Commodore Obimpeh expres~
sed the hope that the vehicles will help solve the transportation problems of
the beneficiaries, We praised South Korea's efforts for providing technical
assistance for cooperation in the agricultural and sporting fields. The secre-
tary mentioned, in particular, AYKO Fisheries Limited, described as one of the
best-managed fishing companies in the country. lle hoped more assistance would
be forthcoming, to promote Ghana's economic recovery. [Text] [Accra Domes--
tic Service in English 1800 GNT 29 Sep 86 AB] /9274

DELEGATION ‘TO BULGARIA--A 4-member government delegation led by a member of
the PNDC, Mrs Aanaa nin, has flown to Sofia, Bulgaria, for a 4-day visit at
the invitation of the Bulgarian Communist Party. Mrs Enin told newsmen
before departure that the delegation will discuss with Bulgarian authorities
matters of bilateral interest. She said relations between Thana and Bulgaria
have been strengthened since the launching of the 3lst December revolution.
Mrs Enin recalled that Bulgaria was one of the first socialist countries that
PNDC delegations visited when it came to power, She added that a visit ofa
member of the presidency of the Bulgarian Communist Party to Ghana last year
further demonstrated the existing bonds of friendship between both countries.
Other members of the delegation are Mr Marthin Amidu, undersecretary for in-
dustry, science and technology, and Mrs Doris Ocansey, executive secretary
for Committees for the Defense of the Revolution, and Professor Ansah Asamoah
of the University of Cape Coast. [Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English
1300 GMT 1 Oct 86 AB] /9274

NATIONALS REPATRIATED FROM NIGERIA-~Security personnel at Nigeria's Murtala
Muhammed Airport have repatriated 10 Ghanaians who are alleged to have ob-
tained fictitious Nigerian resident permits, They were arrested at the last
checkpoint following reports that Ghanaians are fraudulently obtaining resi-
dence permits which entitle them to pay for their air fares in Nigerian cur-
rency to any part of Europe. Some of the deportees complained on arrival at
Kotoka Airport that they had legally acquired the permit and had stayed in
Nigeria for a long time. A source close to the airport security stated that
a number of Ghanaians arrested for similar offenses are in Nigerian cells
awaiting deportation to Ghana. Another batch of 14 Ghanaian girls ranging
between 13 and 21 have also been deported from Nigerian for allegedly being
carriers of the AIDS disease, Our correspondent says the alleged AIDS
victims, some of them shabbily dressed and others in night gowns, were not
seen by the health authorities on arrival. They were allowed to go home
freely. [Excerpts] [Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 CMT 1 Oct 86
AB] /9274

cs0: 3400/127

13



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

REAGAN POLICY SEEN AS STIMULANT TO PEACEFUL REFORM
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 24 Jul 86 p 14
(Editorial: "A Voice of Reason")

[Text] In a powerful speech on America's policy toward South Africa,
President Ronald Reagan stated views which show particular insight. and
knowledge of the complicated and potentially dangerous problem situation
confronting South Africa. With his reason, President Reagan brought needed
balance to the current worldwide emotional cry against South Africa. He had
on the one hand criticism about aspects of the South African policy with which
he does not agree, but on the other hand left no obscurity about where he
stands. The fact that, despite strong opposition in the American Congress and
even his own party, President Reagan sees his way clear to state views that
can be least of all popular in the present anti-South African climate speaks
volumes for his integrity and realism. We believe that President Reagan let
himself be led by his own strong personal convictions and principles. South
Africa's strategic importance, unfortunately ignored by so many Western bodies
in their blind condemnation of South Africa, obviously weighs heavily with
him.

Since he came to office, President Reagan has made no secret of the fact that
he foresees great dangers if Russian expansionism is allowed to take its
course unhindered. He is realistic enough to realize that Russia will be the
real victor if South Africa is devastated and the subcontinent is plunged into
a state of increasing confrontation. He has also repeatedly stressed the
immorality and futility of sanctions against a country which, as he himself
puts it, is in an important transitional phase. Like the British prime
minister, he understands only too well that the primary victims of sanctions
will be those very people whom America and the West want to help ‘so much.

President Reagan's policy statement also shows his aversion to the type of
violence and terror now occurring in South Africa. He has not hesitated to
express himself strongly against the "barbaric" necklace murders and the
planting of bombs in public places, which the ANC engages in. The realism
which President Reagan reveals about the South African situation has come as a
fresh breeze. This does not mean that South Africans can now rest on their
laurels. They will have to continue to make the changes which are necessary
for peaceful coexistence in the country and which can strengthen the hand of
their friends, such as President Reagan.

13084
CSO: 3401/175

42


JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

POSSIBLE SOUTH AFRICAN SANCTIONS CONTRASTED WITH RHODESIA
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 30 Jul 86 p 18

[Political column by Dawie: "It's Not Enough To Say Sanctions Did Not Work in
Rhodesia" ]

[Text] The sanction campaign which is so totally dominating the South African
and international political scene should not mislead us in one important
respect in particular.. It is a big problem, but not our biggest. The real
test facing the country is not whether it can survive economically, but
whether it can handle its political problems. ‘There is a danger that some
people will see nothing but the sanction hysteria, which is assuming such big
proportions that it is pushing other considerations into the background.

Injustice

What a pity that this injustice is being done to South Africa. It is already
a country with a mititude of relationship problems. It is clearly wrestling
with political attacks from many quarters. But just when it is making
progress, the additional rock of punitive economic measures is rolled in its
path.

Fair?

Those world leaders who are concerned about the immorality of sanctions that
may plunge people into misery should also take this into consideration: how
moral is it to trip up a government which is honestly engaged in bringing
about a more just dispensation? How fair is it to expect a government that
is engaged in some of the biggest political reforms ever tackled to have to
concentrate its attention on another front: to avert economic ruin? It looks
like international injustice of an extent that has yet been done to few small
countries. South Africa will have to try to ward off the new danger. If
nothing else can be done, and sanctions are dumped off on it, it will have to
resist them with all its power. ‘There are bodies which are not pessimistic
about the course of such a test. They believe that if South Africa uses all
its sources it will be able to survive and in certain areas even be able to
make achievements.

46



EMPLOYEES TELL OF FEAR OVER SOWETO COUNCIL JOBS

Johannesburg THE STAR (Metro) in English 25 Sep 86 p 13M

{Article by Sol Makgabutlane]

[Text]

uncertainty and anxiety are some of the emotions ordinary
thembers of the Soweto Town Council have had to live with since
the mass rent boycott was launched in the area three months ago.
“\Wé have personal fears that the kind of jobs we are doing may
make people here feel we're their enemies,” said an employee who
wished to remain anonymous.

*. Another. said: “Working for the council certainly damages your
image in the community”.

Some workers complain of being isolated by the community in
which they live, others of being frowned upon when they pass by. In
some instances, this hostility can spill into violence as happened
three weeks ago to a council clerk.

Miss Fatima Mpotula (29), who works at the council's Mofolo
offices, said she was attacked by youths who demanded a list of
names of residents who ignored the rent boycott.

She suffered head, facial and body injuries.

“I have done nothing wrong to deserve this attack. I have no
access to these records. I am just an employee, like the others. Now,
Iam even afraid to go home when I leave the
hospital,” she said from her Baragwanath

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

Hospital bed.

‘Other employees said because of their links
with the council, it was proving increasingly
difficult to secure employment elsewhere.

“T have found that working for the council
automatically closes doors for your profes-
sional opportunities in the private sector,”
said one worker. “If you: stay too long here
you will never be able to get out.”

He said he applied to two companies for
top-paying positions advertised in the media.

Social gatherings

“Once they discovered I work for the Sowe-
to council they wanted to know if I would be
accepted by the black community. Then they
stopped communicating with me altogether.”
Other workers spoke of being shunned at
social gatherings. Said one: “I was once invit-
ed to be a beauty contest judge. When I ar-
rived, one of the other judges, a political ac-

/13104
cs0: 3400/113

75

tivist, said he would not share a plattorm with
me because I worked for the system. He said
working for the system was ‘selling out’.”

He added: “It is not everyone who works for
the system who is a sell-out. I know of a po-
liceman who has repeatedly not gone out on
riot patrol because he sympathised with the
community.”

Other employees, however, said there had
been no visible change in attitudes,

“Sometimes children throw stones at our
cars, but then that’s done indiscriminately to
everyone,” observed another council em-
ployee. “As far as my neighbours and rela-
tives are concerned, nothing’s changed.”

A council policeman, insisting on anonymi-
ty, echoed similar sentiments.

“{ haven't seen any sort of change in the
mood of my friends or neighbours,” he said.

Mr Nico Malan, Soweto Town Clerk, said
council employees were like any ordinary
nercon with a dutv to nerform.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

COASTAL EMBANKMENT PROJECT--The general director of the Angolan enterprise,
Hydraulic and Port Works (HIDROPORTOS), Carlos Teixeira, disclosed that the
Ilha de Luanda coastal protection works projects will begin in February 1987.
The works, consisting of 30 reinforcing buttresses (stone blocks) between the
northern zone and Praia da Chicala, are aimed at the creation of infrastruc-
tures to cope with natural disasters and to increase the area of the shores,
according to an Angolan news agency report. The general director of the
HIDROPORTOS enterprise claimed that the land for the construction of the ship-
yard and the camp that will.serve to support the work being done has already
been prepared, and the necessary materials should be arriving in the country
before the end of this month. The financing of the undertaking is being
handled by the Netherlands, which will participate jointly in the works
projects with 38 million florins; and the dredging and filling will be done
with Dutch equipment. Carlos Teixeira stressed that there is an urgent need
to acquire a dredger of medium power, so as to avoid spending foreign exchange.
According to the director of the Angolan enterprise HIDROPORTOS, the works
projects should be finished within 5 years; and, at the same time, trees will
be planted to increase the security of the land gained from the sea. [Text]
[Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Sep 86 p 8] 2909

MILITARY CONSCRIPTION--A new order from the defense minister calling for the
incorporation of young native citizens of the male sex in the ranks of the
FAPLA was made public in Luanda yesterday. The defense minister has ordered
the recruitment, between 20 September and 30 October, of youths born from

1 January to 31 December 1968, as well as holders of deferment permits that
have expired deadlines, and those born between 1 January 1959 and 31 December
1967 who have not reported. The defense minister has also ordered the
discharge to the reserves of members of the military who have fulfilled their
active military service, joining in 1979, in accordance with circular memoran-
dum 1/TSM/85. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 2 Sep 86 p 1] 2909

PROVINCIAL COMMISSARIES ASSUME OFFICE--Yesterday, in Futungo de Belas, in
Luanda, the president of the MPLA-Labor Party and of the People's Républic of
Angola, Jose Eduardo dos Santos, swore in the new assistant provincial
commissaries recently appointed by a presidential decree. On this occasion,
Cristovao Domingos Francisco da Cunha, an alternate member of the MPLA-Labor
Party Central Committee, and Manuel Francisco and Francisco Antonio Reis Inacio


/13104
cso:

3400/118

charged with instigating the Vaal unrest, nor!
one member of Cosas. was among the 22
accused or had even been charged.

Justice Leon will also have to rule on two
ouster clauses. The State argues that the
applicants should have contested their
banning within 14 days, and that no court
may challénge an advisory committee.

Goldstone.contests the 14-day deadline and
argues that only. the functions of the advisory
council cannot be challenged, not its decision
to keep its investigation into Cosas from the
organisation itself. .
Judgement was reserved. *

50



SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

BLACKS

Reagan Policy Seen as Stimulant to Peaceful Reform
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 24 Jul 86) ....+.-

Botha Supporter Pleads for Improved Black Living Standards
(DIE BURGER, 23 Jul 86) ....

Minister Le Grange on 'Decrepit' Townships
(SAPA, 1 Oct 86) ......

Possible South African Sanctions Contrasted With Rhodesia
(Dawie; DIE BURGER, 30 Jul 86) ..

Marais Raps AWB Proposal To Establish Boer State
(C. Meyer; DIE BURGER, 21 Jul 86) ...cccceccccccecccscecees

COSAS Case Provides Glimpse of Government Banning Process
(Jo-Ann Bekker; THE WEEKLY MAIL, 26 Sep-2 Oct 86) ......eee

HNP Leader Criticizes Broederbond, Government
(SAPA, 1 Oct 86) ..

Commando Training for Nonwhites Described
(J. Botes; PARATUS, Jul 86) ..

Arrest of. Parking Caddies Said To Benefit Public Safety
(DIE BURGER, 25 Jul 86) ...

Powers of Search Given to Private Security Firms Criticized
(THE STAR, 23 Sep 86) ..

Higher Gold Price Seen as Possible Boon to Economy
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 23 Jul 86) .......

Paid TV Service Helps Alleviate Unemployment
(DIE BURGER, 21 Jul 86) ...

Briefs
No Total Ban on Foreign Journalists
CP on Church Unity, Elections
Botha Visits Port Elizabeth Townships
Reaction to Sanctions Discussed

ANC Commentary Warns Against RSA Police Recruitment
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa,

25 Sep 86) ceccccccccccccccevecccccnscccecseecessesecsssees

-d-

42

43

45

46

48

49

51

53

57

59

60


now that the enemy is acting in this way we have no choice but to continue.
We must continue this offensive against the enemy on all fronts. The enemy
is organizing these puppet forces so as to weaken our offensive, so let

us tighten our ranks.

The recruitment of his puppets must also serve to us as a call to battle.’
Botha is pitting his puppets against us. He intends sending them to crush
our revolt. We, too, must be ready to defend ourselves against this
onslaught. We must therefore ensure that we intensify the formation of the
underground combat units [words indistinct]. The clarion call: every
patriot a combatant and every combatant a patriot must be translated into
reality. Who amongst us can say that he or she does not even need to reply
to Botha's reactionary violence with our revolutionary violence? The
question is that all of us be armed is on the agenda for now. [sentence
as heard] For us to take a defensive step forward means that we must be
armed, There can be = turning back now. Forward always is our battle
cry.

19604 \
cso: 3400/80

67



JPRS-SSA-86-108
"29 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

ITALY MAKES 'SIGNIFICANT GIFT' OF TRUCKS TO RED CROSS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 20 Sep 86 p 1

[Text] Yesterday, in Maputo, the government of the Republic of Italy delivered
to the Red Cross of Mozambique a sizable donation consisting of 21 trucks for
transporting goods, one of which is a mobile shop ‘truck, The significant gift,
worth $3 million, as was remarked on the occasion of the presentation, will
make possible an improved exercise of this humanitarian institution's activity,
in its agencies distributed all over the country.

The donated trucks can drive on any type of terrain, because they are all
equipped with four-wheel drive systems. They have been accompanied by the
respective spare parts. The delivery ceremony took place at the Rennies storage
facilities in Matola.

The Italian ambassador to Mozambique, Georgio Testori, undertook the presenta~
tion of the gift. Representing Mozambique was the president of the Red Cross.
of Mozambique, Isaias Funzamo, who, among others associated with this activity,
was accompanied by the chief agent of the League of Red Cross Societies, Bo
Backstrom.

In taking the floor, Isaias Funzamo began by conveying his thanks to the Italian
Government and Red Cross, through Ambassador Testori.

The CVM president also noted that, with this donation to our institution, it is
equipped with transportation facilities for all the agencies, .

The Italian ambassador, in turn, said that he was gratified to have been able
to make a delivery of trucks that will help to ease the suffering of many
Mozambicans stricken by drought and famine at present.

Georgio Testori commented: "I am, in fact, highly gratified. The donation was
made possible by the efforts of the president of the Italian Red Cross, Maria
Pia Fanvani, who visited Mozambique last year"; and added that the trucks should
be used on behalf of peace in Mozambique.

He noted that, just a month ago, Mozambique received in the town of Pemba a
solidarity vessel from the Italian town of Reggio Emilia.

2909

cso: 3442/9

22



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ANC COMMENTARY WARNS AGAINST RSA POLICE RECRUITMENT

EA261849 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT
25 Sep 86

[Station commentary entitled: "The Recruitmentof Puppet Police" ]

[Text] Compatriots, the announcement by the regime's police officers
earlier this week that the enemy intends co-opting more black people into
the defense of the oppressive apartheid system shows that, like other
colonial regimes before it, the Botha regime finds it impossible to defend
itself against our popular uprising. The indications are that the task
force of thousands of African puppet police will undergo a relatively
short training and be immediately deployed in African residential areas.

It is, therefore, clear that the regime finds it difficult to defend itself
even with the existing so-called security forces.

All along, the enemy's Bureau of Information has been assuring its white
supporters that the draconian state of emergency has managed to quell

the people's revolt and that sooner or later the emergency regulations will
be lifted and everything returned to normal. But for the enemy to find

it imperative to recruit this force and speed up its deployment illustrates
that things are not going according to plan for him. If emergency powers
had enabled the regime to suppress our offensive, there would be. no need

to recruit and speedily train this force. The regime is doing it precisely
because the situation is really critical. Our mass offensive has proved
to be stronger than the existing security forces. The popular revolt has
spread so wide that the enemy forces have been over-stretched to the limit.
The false stories that we continue to hear that the enemy is invincible
and has the strongest military power in Africa are being exposed. The
historical lessons of Vietnam are repeating themselves in our country.
Despite the much-publicized military strength of the enemy, our deep-
seated desire to be free is proving to be stronger and invincible.

Today, we have reached a point where we can assert our will over that of
the enemy. The enemy imposes a state of emergency and bans all political
gatherings, but we still go ahead and commemorate our historical days.
Botha banned COSATU a year ago, but the congress still lives within the
student community and urges our young people to mount a stronger offensive
against the system of inferior education. The racist Del Kevan [white

65



Loiterers Against Walls

A pub manager from Rondebosch said at one point he counted almost 20 parking
caddies on the parking lot behind Rondebosch's Fontein shopping center. They
were from about seven to 40 years old. "It is now fairly quiet, but they are
returning." During the talk with him, at least four parking caddies were
again busy showing pointing out spots. Loiterers were also standing against
the walls. Mr Ron Henkes, Property agent and owner of a florist and wallpaper
shop, said the area's old loafers are not the worst problem. "The problem
actually began when young Blacks came. Suddenly we got 16 to 20 parking
caddies at a time, who followed and pestered women. About three weeks ago
young Blacks came into my shop when I was away and stole about 300 rands out
of my assistant's handbag.

Mr G.V. Steyn from Worcester, an ex-policeman, stood up for the parking
caddies of Cape Town and elsewhere yesterday in the letter colum of DIE
BURGER, and said they are just trying to live with unemployment by performing
little jobs and not begging. among other things, he said complainers claim
that their vehicles are damaged, but do not say how serious the damage is.

13084
CSO: 3401/177



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

IVORY COAST

FIVE AIRFIELDS TO BE BUILT FOR CIVIL AVIATION
AB191231 Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 19 Sep 86 p 32
{"Communique From the Council of Ministers"]

[Text] An important decision made by the head of state during the last Coun-
cil of Ministers meeting held on Wednesday, 17 September, 1986, was omitted in
our previous communique. Because of its importance for the development of our
country, we are eager to inform the people about that decision.

In fact, it concerns the important’ decision made by the government about the
construction and rehabilitation of five airfields in the interior of the
country, They are the airfield of Korhogo, Man, Daloa, San Pedro, and
Odienne, whose present condition makes operations dangerous and expensive,

At a time when our compatriots are increasingly using planes for their trips
to the interior of the country, under proposals from the minister of public
works and transports, it seemed urgent to the government to immediately under-
take these projects which are estimated to cost nearly 7 billion CFA francs.

It should be pointed out that the five airfields concerned will be construc-
ted with tarred runways, ‘Three of them-~Korhogo, Man, and Daloa-~will be
constructed on new sites, while the two others--San Pedro and Odienne~-will
be. renovated with the runways extended,

These major projects planned by the government are scheduled to be completed
within a 24-month period. They will help give a new impetus to the Ivorian
economy in which modern transportation plays a decisive role.

Our fellow countrymen in the interior of the country will be particularly de-
lighted with this decision,

19274
CSO: 3400/124

15



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SENEGAL

BRIEFS

ITALY DEVELOPMENT LOAN--Here is a release from the Ministry of Economy and
Finance: a loan of $7.7 million--that is 2.541 billion CFA francs, has
been granted to the Republic of Senegal by the Italian Government through
the (?Mendios Credito Centrale), an Italian financial institution. This
loan, which was obtained under very favorable conditions, falls within the
framework of the implementation of the 3~year cooperation program adopted
between Italy and Senegal at the recent meeting of the Senegal-Italy joint
commission, Italy is currently financing development projects in various
sectors in Senegal such as agriculture, food industry, fisheries, environ-
mental sanitation, water supply, power, health, and food aid. [Text]
[Dakar Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT 4 Oct 86 AB] /9274

CANADIAN AID FOOD AGREEMENT--Within the framework of their cooperation and
development program, Canada and Senegal this week signed a draft agreement
under which Canada will donate, through the Canadian Agency for International
Development, a food aid worth 4 million Canadian dollars--that is 1 billion
C¥A francs, for the 1986-1987 financial year, This planned food aid, which
will consist of purchasing and shipping 13,000 tons of corn and 900 tons of
dried milk to Senegal, will arrive in Dakar in January 1987. [Text] [Dakar
Domestic Service in French 0700 GNT 30 Sep 86 AB] /9274

cso; 3400/127

32



Although there would be no general election this year, because the NP was no
longer sure of itself as it knew HNP and Conservative Party rightwing alliance
would capture 40 to 60 seats and become the official opposition, there would
be one soon.

Then, Mr Marais said, "The whites will have to fight as never before."

The rightwing would not take over.the government then, but as the official
opposition, many NP seats would become marginal and Mr P.W. Botha "if he is
still leader then, will have to call another election within a year because
of the tensions which will result in his party.

"That is when we will beat them," Mr Marias said.

/6662
cso: 3400/99

52



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

LIBERIA

BRIEFS

SHIP REGISTRATION FEES REDUCED--The National Legislature of Liberia has
formally approved the reductions in vessel registration fees, The reductions
are effective July 1, 1986. A Bureau of Maritime Affairs release issued here
Friday said the reductions in vessel registration fees was announced by
Finance Minister Robert C, Tubman in New York, USA recently, The release
said basic across-the-board reductions for vessels under 80,000 net register-
ed tons is 12 cents per ton, while vessels over 80,000 net registered tons
is twenty cents per net ton, It also said a reduction of ten cents per net
is granted an owner or operator who is a member in ‘good standing' of the
Liberian Shipowners' Council, The release said the reductions in vessel
registration fees was the result of a study conducted by the world shipping
market which highlighted ways the administration could assist shipowners
struggle against continuing low freight rates and persistent forces working
against market recovery, The release quoted Minister Tubman as saying that
the high quality of service provided by Liberia to the shipowning community
would continue to be improved "wherever" possible. He also announced the
promulgation of new simplified procedures relative to Bareboat Charter
Registration providing both for "Bareboating in" to Liberian Registry and
"Bareboating out" of Liberian Registry, [Text] [Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in
English 8 Sep 86 pp 1, 6] /9274

NEW PUBLISHING COMPANY ESTABLISHED--A new publishing company has been estab-
lished in Monrovia, The company--New Day Publishers, Inc., is under the tote-
lage of dedicated Liberians with various professional backgrounds including
journalism, law, education and public administration, etc. According to a
release issued yesterday by the new company the aims and objectives of the
new publishing venture are to professionally solve all problems relating to
publishing, printing, and distribution of reading materials such as textbooks,
children books, novels, pamphlets, research papers or reports, yearbooks and
other publications, The head office of the new corporation is temporarily
located on the 3rd floor of the Finance and Trust Building at the corner of
Broad/Buchanan streets, the release concluded, [Text] [Monrovia THE MIRROR
in English 19 Sep 86 pp 1, 6] /9274

CSO: 3400/128

18



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

STELLENBOSCH REPORT CITED ON USSR'S ATTITUDES TOWARD ANC

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Sep 86 p 12

[Article by John D'Oliveira]

{Text ] The Soviet Union's attitude to the

/1310:

cso:

African National’ Congress has
changed drastically over the past
few years and the ANC is now
regarded by the Soviets as the only
viable resistance movement in
South Africa. y
‘This point is made in the latest
issue of the Soviet Review, a
monthly report published by the
Institute for the Study of Marxism
at the University of Stellenbosch.
Examining the evolution of Soviet
policy towards South Africa, the
review said it was still based on a
two-stage theory, — an anti-colonial
revolution led by black nationalists
followed by a socialist revolution
led by the South African Communist

Party.
Within the framework of this
policy, the Soviet — Union had

provided the ANC with. military
assistance since 1964, even though
there was evidence that the Soviets
did not ‘always support the ANC in
everything. .

POSTURE

The degree of support from the
Soviet Union depended greatly on
the posture adopted by the ANC.

‘Thus it was that between 1980 and
1984 the ANC was the subject of
relatively few eulogies in Soviet
jiterature, largely because the ANC
was maintaining a relatively low
political profile in South Africa,
despite highly visible acts of
terrorism.

4
3400/119

85

Soviet experience in Zimbabwe:
(where it backed the Nkomo faction|
of the Patriotic Front, rather thani
the ultimately victorious faction led
by Mr Robert Mugabe) clearly
made the Soviets reluctant to
equate a programme of terrorism
with manifestations of political
support. t

Before the Soviets wanted to be
too closely associated with the ANC,
they wanted to be sure about the
movement's political support.

OPTIONS

And, until this had been decided,
it was clear the Soviets wanted to.
keep their options open. 2

However, in late 1984 and in 1985
the situation changed drastically.

Currently the ANC is being
openly presented by the Soviets as
the only viable _ resistance :
movement in South Africa. Although :
the United Democratic Front was
frequently mentioned, it was usually
directly or indirectly coupled with
the ANC. .

“At present it seems the Soviet
Union has much more confidence
that the ANC is the movement that
can complete the first phase of the
revolution and that it thus has
enough confidence to support the
movement exclusively.”

Despite this, however, there were
signs that’ the Soviet Union was
exceptionally cautious to be openly
associated with acts of “uncon-
trolled terror”.



PLANS TO PHASE OUT VEHICLE MODELS DEBATED

Harare THE HERALD in English 24 Sep 86 p 1

[Text]

THE Government plans to streamline
car models and gradually phase some
out to overcome the shortage of spare
parts throughout the country, the Min-
ister of Trade and Commerce, Cde Oliv-
ev Munyaradzi, said yesterday.

Answering questions on the car in-
dustry in the Senate, Cde Munyaradzi
said the move would save foreign ex-
change because spares would then be
bought in bulk at quantity discounts.

‘But importers would continue to re-
ceive their foreign currency allocations
for spares for other models. “It is en-
visaged that, in time, those various
medels not being assembled locally will
no longer be on the roadg due to natural
wear and tear. The process is, therefore,
gradual until these models are no long-
er regourceable.

“The current practice is that we have
too many models in the country, some of
which were brought in as complete
built-wps- and others which were assem-
bled locally. .

“If we have only fewer models being
assembled in the country, then even the
range of spares-which will be required

19274
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39

JPRS-SSA~86-108
29 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

will be compatible with those makes and
the current shortages will be minimised
toa great extent,” he said.

‘The minister said there were many ©
importers of spares “with very small |
allocations” who failed to meet the mi-
nimum order requirements making it -
difficult to service the entire Zimbabwe-
an fleet satistactorily.

Current franchise holders of locally-
assembled cars would cede their alloca-
tiong to assembly plants to import

“In other models, the importation of
both Kits and spares will be centralised
under a central spares depot while the
distribution will continue as at present,”
said the minister.

He said the Government was con-
cerned about the high cost of car re-
pairs and the Prices Board was busy
trying to “streamline charges for this
service” in the motor industry.

However, price controls on second-
hand cars would remain in force until 2
rational method of improving thent
‘was worked out. ~



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BLACKS SUPPORT WHITE PROPERTY OWNERSHIP IN BLACK AREAS
MBO11344 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1201 GMT 1 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg, Oct 1, SAPA--Greatest opposition to mixed.rather than
group areas comes from whites. in the lower income groups, who feel. most
threatened, according to exhaustive new studies by Market Research, Africa's
[MRA] Omnipoll.

Blacks are more in favour of. whites owning property in black areas than are
whites, according to the results.of the new research. The study shows

that some 70 per cent of bhack metropolitan adults believe whites should

be allowed to own property in a-black area. This compares with 41 per cent of
urban whites. Support for the concept of opening up black areas to white
property ownership comes from.all sections of the black community, but is
particularly strong among males (76 per cent).and those in the .D income group,
where average household monthly income is less thar R200 (75 per cent).

Interestingly, says Omipoll, it is also white males (47 per cent) rather
than white females (35 per cent) who favour integrated housing.

The lowest white income group are least in favour. Among those in the D cate-
gory where household incomes are less than R700 per month, only 25 per ‘cent
are in favour, compared with 67 per cent in the A group with monthly incomes
in excess of R3,000.

English speakers (66 per cent). are also more positive to being able to buy
property in black areas than aré Afrikaans ‘speakers (21 per cent).

These results come from probability samplies of 1,000 blacks in metropolitan
areas and 1,000 urban whites. Fieldwork was done in March.

Commenting on the findings, Mrs Angelique Amado, manager of Mras Omnibus
Division said: . "If.whites were able to invest in black areas, large sums would
be available for development leading to a rapid improvement in township con-
ditions. The sale.of houses to whites would provide the authorities with
extra funds to tackle the housing backlog."

80



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ARREST OF PARKING CADDIES SAID TO BENEFIT PUBLIC SAFETY
Pretoria DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 25 Jul 86 p 10

[Article by City Reporter: "Situation 'Better' After Arrests -- Parking
Caddies Nabbed in R'bosch'"]

[Text] The problem with parking caddies in the area of Rondebosch's Fontein
shopping center improved a lot after the police in Rondebosch, assisted by
police reservists in uniform, took action against them last week and over the
weekend. Fourteen were rounded up over the weekend. Most of them are black
and colored youths. Captain M.N. Laubscher, commander of the police station
in Rondebosch, said the presence of the police helped a lot. Severel of the
parking caddies were charged: among other things, for begging, loitering,
(both violations of the municipal regulations) and for violations of the Road
Traffic Ordinance. The cases against them were remanded to the Wynberg
magistrate's court. They will appear again [in court] soon. "Now there is a
general improvement of the situation in the area here," Capt Laubscher said.
"We got several telephone calls this week from the public and from store
owners who appreciate the action." He said it has already been proven that
some of the parking caddies come daily by train from surrounding black
neighborhoods, and the police are aware that an adult colored parking caddie
even traveled here daily by train from Simonstown. "I cannot see how needy,
unemployed people can use public transportation services on a daily basis."

At Their Wits' End

Cape Town's traffic police are also trying to do something about the matter.
Mr P. Dodd, assistant traffic chief, said yesterday some of the colored
parking caddies in Rondebosch were brought to welfare organizations. "This
helped in the case of children" Adults are less redeemable, and with black
children they are at their wits' end, especially as concerns the poverty-
stricken ones. The traffic police now also want to take action in the city
center in the same way, he said. According to Capt Laubscher, the parking
caddies in Rondebosch cause a disruption of the traffic; they block sidewalks
and are a nuisance, especially for elderly people who are shopping. It
happens that some of them scrape paint off vehicles with a nail or sharp
object, and antennas are damaged or broken off. Criminals mingle with the
parking caddies and "operate under the guise of a parking caddie."

57



Some 77 per cent of metropolitan blacks and 42 per cent of urban whites feel
that blacks should be allowed to own property in white areas. Black males
(83 per cent) and those under 35 (39 per cent) are particularly..in favour,
as are Xhosas (82 per cent). About 56 per cent of whites are against blacks
being able to buy property in white areas.

There are marked demographic differences. Amongst Afrikaans speakers, 77 per
cent are against compared to only 29 per cent of English speakers. Women
(61 per cent) are more anti than men (51 per cent) and there is a strong
connection with income. The lower the income category, the greater the
rejection of black ownership.

Among the D income group where average monthly white household incomes are
less than R700, 71 per cent are anti. Provincial results reflect language
distribution; opposition is lowest in Natal (36 per cent) and highest in
the OFS [Orange Free State] -(63 per cent), and Transvaal (64 per cent).

Mrs Amado: "There is considerable opposition. to change in South Africa, and
property ownership is clearly a sensitive issue. Greatest opposition to the
concept of mixed areas comes from those in the lower income group who feel
most threatened."

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81



RAND MINES BACKS VANSA IN NEW PLATINUM VENTURE

Johannesburg THE STAR (Business) in English 25 Sep

[Text ]

Rand Mines has stepped in be-
hind Vansa Vanadium SA to
forge an association which will
bring together some of their in-
terests in the bushveld complex
which is likely to lead to a
major new platinum producing
field in this country.

This is just the sort of coura-
gous move that South Africa
needs at the moment, and de-
spite the threat of sanctions one
of the country’s leading mining
houses is clearly confident that
mining, and in particular plati-
num, has a solid long-term fu-
ture. .

They have reached an agree-
ment in terms of which Rand
Mines will acquire 42 percent of
Vansa and participate with
Vansa in a possible new plati-
num venture in the vicinity of
Steelpoort, Transvaal. Rand
Mines thus gets a direct interest
in the Vansa Vanadium mine
being developed there.

On the other side of the coin,
the proposed deal — which is
subject to Vansa shareholder
approval — gives Vansa a leg
into the Rand Mines Winterveld
chrome operations only 11km
away.

The proposed transaction —
which has the blessing of Ercon-
ovaal which holds just under 50
percent of Vansa — moves the

/13104

cso: 3400/116

number of. ordinary Vansa
shares in issue from 20 million
to 34,5 million and the options
from five million to seven mil-
lion, while the preference shares
in issue remain at five million.
Rand mines thus gets 14,5 mil-
lion Vansa ordinaries and two
million options in exchange for
99,9 percent of its Winterveld
Chrome Mine. i

At current market prices, the |
Vansa capitalisation will move!
to over R170 million, R70 mil-
lion of which will be accounted
for by Rand Mines via its 42
percent Vansa holding.

The R30 million which Vansa
recently raised in a rights issue
is fully committed to its new
Vanadium operation.

But the major impact is that
Vansa secures the full co-opera-
tion of Rand Mines — one of the
remaining two major mining
houses still without a platinum
leg — to explore, fund and de-
velop Vansa’s envisaged plati-
num mine on the Kennedys Vale
property, on which surface de-
posits of vanadium are under-
lain by the platinum-bearing
Merensky and UG2 reefs.

Vansa needs a well-heeled
partner for this venture, which
is clearly why the controlling
shareholders have decided to go
for the agreement.

116

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

86 p 16

A very important aspect 1s)
that Rand Mines will undertake:
— at no cost to Vansa — a fulli
prospecting programme and in-'
vestigation to evaluate the fea-
sibility of establishing a plati-
num mine and refinery to ex-
ploit the deposits of platinum
group metals which Vansa pres-
ently holds in the area through |
its subsidiary Rhodium Ree:

If the feasibility study shows

an acceptable rate of return, a
decision will be taken to estab-
lish a major new platinum min-
ing operation under the umbrel-
la of Rhodium Reefs.
+ If the go-ahead is eventually
given Rand Mines will initially
provide R52,5 million to help fi-
nance the new venture and
thereby fix its interest in Rho-
dium Reefs at 60 percent.

Vansa will hold the other 40
percent by virtue of the mineral
right contribution.

Taking its proposed 60 per-
cent share of Rhodium and 42
percent holding in Vansa togeth-
er, Rand Mines’ interest will be
77 percent.

For Rand Mines shareholders
the deal offers a significant in-
terest in the mining and exploi-
tation (from 1988 onwards) of a
strategic material, vanadium,
and the distinct possibility of
participating a big new plati-
nurn venture.



To prevent the destruction of the cashew nut trees by uncontrolled fires, and
also to ensure the success of the coming cashew nut marketing campaign, an
effort is being made throughout the district to clean the cashew nut trees.
As the district administrator remarked, at. the present time the work to.clean
the cashew trees has been carried out in over 1,742 units, a number which is
expected to increase with the involvement of the entire population of that
section of the country.

Angoche District currently has two cashew nut processing. factories, which serve
the other adjoining districts, namely, Moma, Mogovolas, and Mogincual, employ-
ing a total of 1,200 workers.

2909
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26



To be sure, this West African church lacks internationally known, brilliant
professors of dogmatic theology and knowledgeable canon lawyers; instead, it
has active, volunteer lay people who in grass-roots congregations attempt to
build up their church, to translate their faith into action.

At the Kinshasa meeting, both Ludwig Bertsch, a pastoral theologian from
Frankfurt, and Walter Kasper, a dogmatic theologian from Tuebingen, warned the
Roman Catholic teaching profession not to stand in the way of this African
process and not to form too hasty a judgement of its independent development.
"The task of the leadership is to avoid becoming restricted to one possible
position during the process, but rather to keep the various possible positions
in view, to evaluate the various driving forces in their interrelationship
with the other spiritual and intellectual currents that are active in the
church." Bishop Mambe of the Zaire bishopric of Kindu directed a serious
request to the German-speaking guests: "Avoid making premature decisions
concerning us; you have never really lived among us."

The bishops from the FRG, Switzerland and Austria encountered churches which
do not dare with ultimate consistency to articulate their positions openly
with regard to social policy, although in Angola, the Congo and Zaire the
humiliation of people, exploitation and corruption are becoming ever more
severe. Despite their wealth in terms of natural resources, these three
states are on the verge of economic ruin. In his speech concerning a new
world economic order, in which so many state place their last hopes, Father
Ernst Behrens, African specialist at the German Conference of Bishops, said:
"As just as a new world economic order may be in terms of the entire commnity
of peoples, and as much as we all wish to see its realization--it is not a
panacea which can be expected to cure all existing ills."

In the surprisingly open discussion, in which approximately 40 bishops
participated, criticism was also directed at the charitable organizations
"Missio" and "Miserior." Too much funding, it was claimed, is given to the
white missionaries; in the evaluation of project proposals, more attention is
paid to the missionaries than to the local black bishops, who today bear the
responsibility for the church in Africa. The representatives of the
Charitable organizations rejected this reproach with solid arguments and
concrete figures. Nonetheless, this portion of the dialogue in particular
clearly revealed resentment, above all on the part of Zaire bishops, toward
foreign missionaries.

In conversations which took place on the periphery of the symposium, clergymen
of various religious orders complained that they increasingly had to turn over
their solidly established missions to native priests, in order to take up new,
difficult assignments in the slums and outlying areas, in places where the
native clergy prefered not to become involved. Only against this background
can it be understood that Bishop Hengsbach of Essen repeatedly underscored the
importance of the missionaries and recalled their magnificent pioneering work.
The Swiss bishop Eugene Maillat, who was deported from Guinea in 1967,
recalled in memorable words his bitter experiences as a missionary and mission
bishop. He did not enjoy the convenience of a refrigerator, but often went

hungry.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

GEOLOGIST: OIL PROSPECTS SLIM--A senior government geologist yesterday rated
the chances of an oil strike in the Zambezi Valley as "very, very slim", In-
terest in the mineral-rich area gained momentum with the discovery of deep
sediments which appeured to favour the development of potentially oil-bearing
hydrocarbons, prompting the West Germans to plough $2,6 million into an ex-
ploration programme which they have since completed. The four-month study
carried out between the Hunyani River and Mukumbura along the northeastern
border involved the use of sophisticated computer technology designed to
measure the conductivity of rocks to depths of more than 10 km, Results of
the survey were being processed in Germany and were expected to be presented
early next year, Mr Colin Andersen, the deputy director of the department of
geological surveys said in Harare. Interest in oil in Zimbabwe dates back to
the days of UDI in the mid-1960s when investigations were carried out in the
Gonarezhou area in the south~east of the country, but results were disappoint-
ing, "The view that seems to be gaining ground is that oil exploration is about
to take off...I think that is erroneous," Mr Andersen said. [Text] [Harare
THE HERALD in English 26 Sep 86 p 13] /9274

BOOKS FROM USSR-~The Soviet-based Novosti Press Agency (APN) yesterday gave
25,000 books worth more than $35,000 to the Ministry of Education. Ranging
over 60 titles, the books cover politics, economics, science and fiction and
will be distributed to secondary schools in all provinces of the country.
Receiving the books, the Deputy Minister of Education, Senator Joseph Culver-
well, said: "With the current shortage of literature in the country, I am
sure these books will be eagerly received and read."' [PHOTO CAPTION] Above:
The ANP chief correspondent in Southern Africa, Cde Sergei Borisov (right),
and his colleague Cde Yuri Alexeev (left) unpack the books for Senator Culver-
well. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 23 Sep 86 p 3] /9274

cso; 3400/100

4l



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

AFRICAN BISHOPS ASSERT INDEPENDENCE FROM EUROPEAN PATRONAGE
Bonn RHEINISCHER MERKUR/CHRIST UND WELT in German 15 Aug 86 p 22

[Article by Juergen Hoeren: "White Theology Pales in Black Africa: German,
Austrian and Swiss Bishops Visit Congo States"]

[Text] "Don't force things on us"--the basic position of the West African
bishops from Zaire, Angola and the People's Republic of the Congo, who met for
three days in Kinshasa with seven bishops from the FRG, Switzerland and
Austria, could be reduced to this simple common denominator. The symposium
focused on three topics: the relationship between local church and world
church, the difficult question of enculturation, and the role of the church in
the search for a new world economic order. The German bishops, including
Franz Hengsbach of Essen, chair of the commission for the world church of the
German Bishops' Conference and delegation leader, Josef Homeyer of Hildesheim
and Anton Schlembach of Speyer, encountered a vital West African church, which
is increasing in self-awareness and which nonetheless has different problems
and features in Angola, the Congo and Zaire, respectively. This West African
church is on the verge of a two-fold liberation. It desires finally to free
itself in terms of social policies from the last remaining vestiges of the
colonial period and in a world church to pursue an independent course which
deviates from the worn pathways of Western theology.

A fundamental statement of the black bishops was: "Give us time and do not
always meet us with distrust and reservations." This young church naturally
needs the financial help of its rich Western sister churches, but it is not
looking for help at any cost. "We do not want to beg," as one bishop from
Zaire put it. Most of the black bishops were not greatly concerned with the
standard questions put by the European bishops and experts concerning the
numbers of the faithful, baptisms, marriages and funerals. ‘They have no time
for dry statistics, since they represent dioceses which are larger than
Bavaria but are settled by 100,000 or fewer people, and in which there are
only five or ten occupied parishes. The bishops concentrate on the life of
their flocks and fortunately have not yet become administrative experts with
booked-up appointment calendars.



RETURNING REFUGEES TO SETTLE IN MOYO, ARUA DISTRICTS

Kampala NEW VISION in English 23 Sep 86 p 16

[Article by Festo Ebongu]

[Text]

UGANDAN refugees in
southern Sudan want to come
back home as soon as possible
because of the increasing tur
moil there.

Between one hundred and
fifty and wo hundred thou-
sand Ugandans are expected to

return, Most of them are ex- «
pected to settle in Moyo and

Arua districts. Very few are
reported to have settled in
Nebbi and Gulu. And accor-
ding to the Ministry of
Rehabilitation, food and other
assistance can now reach there.

Mr Willie Young. the
representative of United Na-
tions High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR) disclosed
yesterday in Kampala.

"We do not know who is in
control of southern Sudan. But
we are concerned with the con-
dition of the refugees there.
Our role is to provid
with the essentials of life”.
Young said.

He explained that since the
attack of refugee settlements in
the eastern bank of the Nile in
the Sudan. and another in the
west bank recently, refuges
want to return,

Before the rebel attack af
northern Uganda. he said his
office was providing food to
about two hundred families in
Ajumani and arrangements
were being made to provide
transport to more people who
had wanted to return.

“But the recent bit of tur-
moil in the region has tended
to have a temporal effect on
these people's plans w come
back". he added.

Following thé attack from
southern Sudan and the subse-

19274
3400/149

quent border closure. his office
has failed since then to deliver
fuel for the trucks in the Sudan
which would carry the
returnees. he said

There are 130.000 refugees
settled in the west bank. in the
Sudan, They hope to return
after harvesting their crops
which they will return with.
But the Sudanese government
is not allowing them to carry
iron sheets. It is said that it is
not customary to break down
a building, in the Sudan.

However. Mr Young said
arrangements are being made

to dispatch two teams and food

supply to the North.

The Swedish team will drill
100 bore holes in the rural
areas in Moyo to provide
returnees with drinking water.
while the Swiss team will con-
struct seven clinics and dispen-
saries and provide health care
for six months. Each team has
eight members. They have not
been able to de a thing for the
past one month.

Mr Young gointed out thar
UNHCR will provide
assistance for si months alter
which sister agencies such as
UNDP, are expected to pro-
vide more rehabilitation aid tor
these people.

He said when he visited
Moyo. Ajumani. Pakele,
Oraba, Orube, Koboko and
Arua two weeks ago. “We
saw no'signs of lack of securi-
ty. Soldiers at the check points
were nice and were not harras-
ing anybody”. he said

He was also happy to noty
that refugees who returned in
May had already resettle
for the people living in Dut
He said malnuvrition and in-

35

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

UGANDA

fant mortality rate was high.

He said people there were
picking water lilies from the
Nile for food. This situation
has been caused by lack of
transport to distribute food wo
the 6,000 people living in
Dufule. But he added that his:
olfice was not doing much
regarding food supply in Gulu
and Kitgum.

Most of the refugees in the

Sudan fled when the rebels cur-*
rently causing trouble were in
power. Young said on their
return, they would be: sym-
pathetic to the government for
enabling their return.
. “It would appear that the
rebels would want to prolong
the refugees’ stay in the Sudan
because they have been
beneliting from the aid provid-
ed to them”. he observed.

He added. “until the NRM
government came to power. no
report had ever originated
from our office in the Sudan
expressing the desire of the
refugees return”.

In another development.
822 people trom the southern
Sudan are seeking asylum in
Uganda.

‘They are currently living in
Fuda near Ajumani. But Mr
Young say ¢ shall not be
able 10 provide any as
vw these people until the Ugan-
da government has made a for-
mai request to our office (o do
so

But the United Nations has
announced that it will go ahead
to air Tift food to southern
Sudan in spite of the Sudanese
government's failure to
guarantee security. forthe
operation



JPRS-SSA~86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ECONOMIC UPSWING SEEN IN VIEW OF DEBT AGREEMENT
MB300739 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 30 Sep 86
[Station commentary]

[Text] [Words indistinct] has weathered 4 years of debilitating economic
recession and is now poised for positive upswing. The fact that this is so
speaks of the inherent strength of the South African economy and the deter-
mination of the country's monetary authorities to employ the necessary cor-
rective measures,

The project upswing is not based on simple optimism. ‘The signs have been
present for some time, interest rates have dropped, and, most important, the
increase in the gold price, which has been accompanied by recovery in the
rand exchange rate against the dollar, has had a positive effect onbusiness
and consumer sentiment. The latest Reserve Bank forecast says that, despite
the prospect of striter sanctions against the country, a large current account
surplus is projected for the remainder of the year.

It is South Africa's increased ability to meet its foreign debt repayments
that is particularly gratifying since it was the debt standstill last year
that was so bad for the country. The extra income from the higher gold price
created three possibilities. First, it would increase South Africa's foreign
reserves' second, it would make further debt repayments possible; and third,
it would serve to promote domestic growth. Agreement has been reached

that a replenishment of foreign reserves is a higher priority for South Africa
at present than an additional payment. The door has been left open, however,
for further discussions on additional repayments should South Africa's
liquidity position continue to improve.

The indications are good. Repayment of the country's foreign debt was cal~
culated originally with a gold price of 340.dollars an ounce. The price
has now been maintained for some time at over 400 dollars, and clearly it is
in South Africa's interest to meet its foreign debt commitment as soon as
possible. There are few debtor nations which are so well placed to do so.

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115



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

GUINEA

BRIEFS

AGREEMENTS WITH ISLAMIC BANK~-The Guinean Government and the Islamic Develop-
ment Bank have signed two agreements in Saudi Arabia involving a total of
6,838 million dinars, the GUINEAN NEWS AGENCY announced today. This amount
includes a loan of 632,000 dinars granted as technical assistance to Guinea
to help implement a forest resources inventory project. ‘The rest will be
used to help implement rural water supply projects. [Excerpt] [Conakry
Domestic Service in French 2200 GMT 29 Sep 86 AB] /9274

CSO: 3400/124

4



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

took office as assistant provincial commissaries of Luanda, Benguela, and
Moxico, respectively. Also sworn in were Neto Antonio Pinto, Albertina. Pedro
Jose Cunene, and Andre da Silva Neto y Petelos Bengui, as assistant provincial
commissaries of Bie, Cunene, and Uige, respectively. Lopes dos Santos, Mateus
Domingos de Sousa, and Albino Chipapa were assigned to the provinces of Cabinda,
Kuando-Kubango, and Bie. Finally, Mathias Buiti, Jose Anibal Lopes. Rocha,

and Estevao Sebastiao Henriques assumed the same offices in the provinces of
Huila, Zaire, and Luanda-Sul, respectively. Members of the party and the
government attended the ceremony. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese
30 Aug 86 p 1] 2909

SOVIET YOUTH EXPO OPENED-~A photographic exhibition on Soviet youth is open
to the public at the "stand" located opposite Soweto public square. On one
of the photos shown there one reads: "Soviet youth is in the leading ranks

of those fighting for peace against the threat of nuclear war." The young
people heartily support the peaceful initiatives put forth in the declaration
from the secretary general of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of
the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, on 15 January of this year, on the
reduction of nuclear weapons, in phases, until their complete elimination by
the year 2000. Other photos shown in the. sampling illustrate the Soviet
youth's participation in all the tasks involved in the economic and social
life of Lenin's fatherland. In the exhibition, one may also observe depic-
tions of the proletarian internationalism practiced by the Soviet Union in
connection with the other nations of ‘the world, particularly the People's
Republic of Angola. Books and magazines on various topics may also be seen
here by all those interested, particularly the Angolan youth of both sexes,
who can leave to visit that "stand." [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 30 Aug 86 p 2] 2909

MALANJE POPULATION URGED TO JOIN BPV--Malanje--Cambaixe, a commune in Malanje
Province located 30 kilometers from the capital headquarters, was recently
visited by Nuno de Oliveira Chiquito, second secretary of the party's Provin-
cial Committee, together with the first municipal secretary and commissary,
Mateus Celestino da Costa, who has already been introduced to the population
of N'gola Luijy. At the people's rally directed by the party's second leader
in Malanje, a reminder was given of the need for everyone to engage steadfast-
ly in the production of essential goods, to raise productivity and to reduce
imports of goods that could be produced in the country. The difficult economic-
financial situation caused by the sharp decline in crude oil sales on the world
market was given a brief explanation, noting that the solution lies in the
increased production of coffee and other goods essential for stabilizing the
situation. In the Cambaixe commune, Nuno de Oliveira Chiquito remarked: "It
has become urgently necessary to recruit all the population into the People's
Vigilance Brigades [BPV], so as to report the saboteurs of our economy and

to preserve the people's conquests." That member of the executive commission
of the party's Provincial Committee conducted meetings with the heads of the
party's Communal Committee and the government, with whom he left instructions
to be carried out based on the locality's specific conditions. He was accom-
panied on this visit by members of the Malanje party's Municipal Committee, and
the.mass and social organizations, as well as municipal delegates from some
provincial ministries. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 28 Aug

86 p 3] 2909

cso: 3442/7



ANC Official Discusses Role of Businessmen, 'Struggle'
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa,

24 Sep 86) ..

ANC Representative Outlines Policy Toward Academic Boycotts
(Shaun Johnson; THE WEEKLY MAIL, 26 Sep-2 Oct 86) ......00-

Ciskei Exile Reiterates Demand for Sebe Resignation

(SAPA, 30 Sep 86) ...

Tutu Says Sanctions Vote ‘Moral Decision’

(SAPA, 3 Oct 86) cesceccrcecccercceccvccvececeseseeeseesess

Employees Tell of Fear Over Soweto Council Jobs
(Sol Makgabutlane; THE STAR, 25 Sep 86) ..scvcssceeceeveere

Soweto Party Delegation Meets To End Council
(SAPA, 2 Oct 86) ..scscacaccveecvcccccerrcecseceecesecrsere

PAC Bulletin Admits Increase in Armed Attacks
(THE HERALD, 16 Sep 86) .ceeeeeeeevccccccsccccsscesseeseces

Zulu King Warns Opponents To Cease Violence
(SAPA, 23 Sep 86) ceesescececececececececeescccevecseaceees

Black Advancement Programs Seen Flawed

(THE STAR, 23 Sep 86) .cccescecceceececcreresvsccecsevecees

Blacks Support White Property Ownership in Black Areas
(SAPA, 1 Oct 86) ccsecccecccccvccccccceeccceensceeseeeesere

Briefs

Understanding of Council Police Sought

Tembisa Rent Boycott

Municipal Responsibilities of KwaZulu

Boost for KaNgwane Housing

Administrator Criticizes Black Churches

SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Commentary Urges West To Stop Punishing RSA, Aid Mozambique
(Johannesburg International Service, 25 Sep 86) .eceseeeees

Stellenbosch Report Cited on USSR's Attitudes Toward ANC
(John D'Oliveira; THE STAR, 24 Sep 86) w.secccecceveceeeees

Chairman Advises General Election Exclude Indians, Coloreds

(SAPA, 23 Sep 86) seccccccccececeseseesees

PFP Calls Planned Norweto Township '‘Unviable':

(SAPA, 24 Sep 86) wececeeeeeee

68

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75

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86

87



AID FOR DROUGHT-STRICKEN FARMERS SEEN AS INSUFFICIENT

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Sep 86 p 13

[Article by Andre du Toit]

[Text]

/13104
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Drought-stricken irrigation farmers must be
facing total ruin before they qualify for Govern-
ment aid, the Agricultural Union says in a state-
ment released in Pretoria.

Measures are so stringent that an irrigation
farmer has to prove he has had no rain for three
years before he can apply for aid, said the chair-
man of the AU’s national water affairs commit-
tee, Mr Boy Lubbe.

Mr Lubbe's committee is trying to arrange an
interview with officials of the Department of
Agriculture and Water Supply.

He described the preconditions for aid drawn
up by the Government as ridiculous.

Present arrangements stipulate that during
the first year of drought an irrigation farmer
should not have received more than 10 percent
of his normal quota of water. __

The second year’s quota should not have ex-
ceeded 30 percent and over a total period’ of
three years of continuous drought, an irrigation
farmer should not have received more than
50 percent of his quota of water, Mr Lubbe ex-
plained.

In his statement Mr Lubbe again appeals to
the Government to render timely aid to irriga-
tion farmers.

Although such aid programmes exist, the

Agricultural Union says the stipulated condi-.

tions are so strict “that some irrigation farmers
face total rin before the measures can be im-
plemented”.

Mr Lubbe said that by the time an irrigation
farmer qualified for Government aid. he would
probably already have abandoned his farm.
These and other measures also had social impli-
cations and contributed toward the depopulation
of the plattcland,

105

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

BOTHA VISITS PORT ELIZABETH TOWNSHIPS--Port Elizabeth Oct 2 SAPA--A top level
parliamentary team, headed by the state president, Mr P.W. Botha, saw condi-
tions in Port Elizabeth townships for themselves today--including the razor
wire fences separating some areas. The team was on a five-hour visit, using
as a base Happy Harry's, a former bottle store~cum-security headquarters.
People were baffled by the increased security provided for the visit and by

a guard of honour drawn from the ranks of municipal policemen, mounted outside
the offices of Ibhayi Town Council. Representatives of the SABC and the
Bureau for Information were allowed to enter the Ibhayi Town Council build-
ing but press representatives were barred. Among. the cabinet ministers who
accompanied Mr Botha were the. minister of defence, General Magnus Malan; the
minister of constitutional development and planning, Mr Chris Heunis; and

the minister of manpower, Mr Pietie du Plessis. A large security force con-
tingent, including the municipal police and traffic officers, escorted the
party. Mr Botha drove past. the razor wire fencing. separating the New Brighton
Township from Kwazakele, Zwide and Soweto Townships. The area in front of
Happy Harry's was cordoned off and motorists, including residents of Kwaford,
were diverted to other routes. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1259
GMT 2 Oct 86 MB]  /6662

REACTION TO SANCTIONS DISCUSSED--One could have just shaken his head about it
if it were not such blatant audacity. But the attitude which some trade-union
leaders -- mostly black ones -- reveal these days whenever there is talk of
workers' action is enough to arouse antipathy in reasonable people. Thus,
Cyril Ramaphosa, head secretary of the union of black mineworkers (NUM),
warned this week his members will be involved in "massive action" if workers
are dismissed as a result of sanctions. That was his reaction after the
Chamber of Mines said the export of coal has clearly dropped as a result of
sanctions (by some European countries in particular). ‘The Chamber thinks it
will perhaps become necessary to dismiss workers if production falls further.
Anyone who has even the slightest knowledge of the basic principles of these
matters would agree this is a logical position. No business enterprise can
still keep all its workers going without adequate production, thus without
adequate revenue. But NUM's head secretary says: then we are going to act.
And at the same time he and his kind, such as Bishop Tutu, are furious when
Mrs Thatcher and President Reagan want to prevent sanctions. It was the NUM
secretary himself who went to plead for sanctions earlier this year in Wales.
Mr Ramaphosa's reasoning is too far-fetched and naive to treat it at all
seriously. But if he is really serious about his warnings of massive action,
he and his union should not cry if they are hit back hard. [Editorial Report]
[Pretoria DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 25 Jul 86 p 10] 13084

CSO: 3401/174

64



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

MALI

BRIEFS

SFRY DONATES MEDICINE--A consignment of drugs worth 17 million CFA francs,
donated to the Ministry of Public Health by the SFRY, was this morning re-
ceived at Koulouba, Also received was another special consignment of drugs
donated to the Bamako administrative district. The total value of the gifts
stands at approximately 20 million CFA francs. The presentation ceremony
took place in the presence of the SFRY ambassador; of Dr Francoise Liliane
Barry, the permanent undersecretary to the minister of health and the members
of her office; and in the presence of the deputy national director of health.
According to the SFRY ambassador, the gift, which falls within the framework
of food and medical assistance, is the outcome of the SFRY's policy of
solidarity with the countries affected by drought. [Excerpt] [Bamako
Domestic Service in French 1500 GMT 19 Sep 86 AB] /9274

JAPANESE AGRICULTURAL AID--Japan has just granted financial aid in the form
of a donation to our country. This aid totals 550 million yen or 1.2 billion
CFA francs, The bilateral convention was signed in Dakar last weekend. This
financial aid is to provide for the rehabilitation of the (Baginda) strip, and
the construction of the new irrigation canal and its outlets. The rehabilita-
tion of the strip will enable an increase in agricultural production and thus
help us achieve self-sufficiency in food. In 1979, Japan conducted a feasibil-
ity survey on the rehabilitation of the (Baginda) strip.’ The result of the
study was disclosed at the beginning of this year and enabled Japan to grant
us this financial aid of 550 million yen. The convention agreement was signed
by Takashi Hikihara the Japanese charge d'affaires to Senegal and Fagnanama
Kone the Malian ambassador to Senegal, [Text] [Bamako Domestic Service in
French 2015 GMT 24 Sep 86 AB] /9274 :

FINANCIAL CONVENTION WITH FRANCE--France and Mali, this morning in Koulouba,
signed a convention involving 1,118 billion CFA francs, The convention was
signed for France by (His Excellency Francis Plateau) France's ambassador to
Mali, while Foreign Affairs Minister Modibo Keita signed for Mali, For
(Francis Plateau), this convention falls within the framework of the priority
development objectives of our country. As for Minister Modibo Keita, he took
this opportunity to thank the French people and government for their constant
assistance to Mali, [Text] [Bamako Domestic Service in French 2015 GMT

27 Sep 86 AB] /9274

CSO; 3400/123

19



However, it is expected that the NRA might find some recruits from the more
educated class--the '0' levels, 'A” levels and possibly graduates,

Otherwise if there is a population which is fed up of the armed forces, it
is the people of West Nile, and the reasons are there to be seen, If one
thinks Luwero is a disaster, some parts of Arua and Madi can open his
eyes,

19274
cso: 3400/147



Taking the floor, the director of the Department to Prevent and Combat Natural
Disasters, Amos Mahanjane, remarked that this was not the first time that the
international organization, the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, had donated
items to our country; because, last October, a donation sent by this organiza-
tion, consisting of 367 tons.of clothing, arrived in Mozambique and was subse-
quently distributed among the areas most devastated by drought. and, consequent-
ly, by nakedness.

According to the director of the Department to Prevent and Combat Natural Disas-
ters, the first donation had a great impact on our country's population and,
since that time, there has remained in the memory of all those who benefited
from it the image of a significant solidarity in the relations between the
friends from the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and the Mozambican people.

2909
CSO: 3442/9

24



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

STATISTICS SHOW MORE WHITES EMPLOYED
MB261005 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0939 GMT 26 Sep 86

[Text] Johannesburg, 26 Sep (SAPA)--The number of white urban adults in
full-time employment is increasing and now significantly exceeds the
figure for last year, according to Market Research Africa.

In July 1986, 52.4 percent of white adults were working full-time, compared
with 47.8 percent in July 1985. This employment trend is on a steady
upward course with increases registered in November 1985 (49.8 percent)

and March 1986 (50.2 percent).

The number of white adults in part-time employment stood at 6.2 percent
in July 1985, the same incidence as was recorded in July 1985.

The government is virtually entirely responsible for the increase in the
number of whites in employment. In July 1986 22 percent of urban white
adults were working for large government, and 2.2 percent for small
government organisations. In July 1985 the figures were 18.2 percent and
1.3 percent respectively. The increase in government employees matches
the increase in total employment.

The effects of the recession are evident in the decline of the number of
people working in small and medium sized private concerns, and the increase
in the number working in large private organisations. In July 1985,

10.6 percent were working in small and medium private organisations,
compared with 13.1 percent a year earlier, and 17.4 percent were in large
private concerns, up from 15.6 percent. The number of self-employed now
stands at 6.3 percent, slightly higher than in July 1986 when it was

5.8 percent.

These results come from Market Research Africa's employment index which
was started in March 1985 and regularly measures employment of urban whites

and metropolitan blacks. The findings are based on representative samples
of 1,000 adults.

/9604
cso: 3400/82

93



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CHAIRMAN ADVISES GENERAL ELECTION EXCLUDE INDIANS, COLOREDS
MB231443 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1426 GMT 23 Sep 86

[Text] Durban, 23 Sep (SAPA)--A general election at the present time
would be a "domestic issue" concerning whites and therefore Indians and
coloureds should be excluded, solidarity's national chairman, Mr Ismail
Omar, said today. He said elections for the Houses of Delegates and
Representatives were not due until 1989 in terms of the new constitution.
If there was to be a general election in the coming months as was being
widely speculated it should be confined to the House of Assembly. "This
is a domestic matter between the ruling National Party and right-wing
conservative whites," he said. i |

Mr Omar, who is also a member of the President's Council, told SAPA that
while the government may want to.seek a mandate to bring blacks into
parliament, Indians and coloureds in the tricamercal dispensation did not _
need such a commission from their communities. "We have been demanding
black representation from the outset and we don't need a mandate now to
accomplish it," he said.

Mr Omar said that in general election involving Indians and coloureds the

big question would once again be: Should we stay (in the tricameral system)
or get out? He said that as a by-election for the vacant house delegates
Brickfield seat was now in progress--it is gazetted to be held on 12 November--
the government should make the position of Indians clear if a general

election was in the offing.

/9604
cso: 3400/82

86


JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October. 1986

ANGOLA

SITUATION NEAR MUNHANGO, BENGUELA RAILROAD DISCUSSED
Lisbon 0 DIA in Portuguese 17 Sep 86 p 13

[Text] According to sources which the South African press quoted as well
informed, the Angolan rebel movement, UNITA, has lost control of the town of
Munhango, on the Benguela railroad line.

Nearly a month ago, UNITA succeeded in defeating an attack by Angolan govern-
ment forces against Munhango, the birthplace of UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi,
and an important location for the logistical backup of UNITA units operating
in northern Angola.

Nevertheless, diplomatic sources claimed that the situation concerning Munhango
is confused, and that neither side is in a position to maintain actual control
over what remains of the town.

The same sources say that units of the Angolan Armed Forces (FAPLA), estimated
as numbering about 5,000 men, backed by armored vehicles, are meanwhile being
concentrated in Locusse, south of the Benguela line.

Angolan engineering units have been moved from Locusse to the Lungue-Bungo
River, in an attempt to repair the remains of a bridge that was destroyed by
UNITA, one that is vital to any attack from the east heading southward.

Observers claim that, if the bridge is repaired, FAPLA will be equipped to
attack Cangamba and Gago Coutinho, held by UNITA, with an offense starting
at Locusse.

Bombed Positions
Sources in Johannesburg said that, during the past 2 weeks, UNITA positions
south of the Lungue-Bungo River, including Cangamba and Gago Coutinho, were

bombed by the Angolan Air Force.

The same sources noted that the Angolan government forces are now in absolute
control of Cuito-Cuanavale.


CITIES CONSIDER PRIVATIZATION ISSUE

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 26 Sep 86 p 1

{Article by Chris Cairncross]

[Text]

/13104

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CAPE TOWN administrators plan to
hive off many municipal functions, ser-'
vices and activities to private enterprise.

Sectors earmarked for possible pri-
vatisation include most major capital
works; the city’s abattoirs; various recre-
ational facilities such as caravan parks,
tennis courts, bowling greens and swim-
ming pools; the preparation and main-
tenance of street lines and signs; archi-
tectural and quantity surveys; nurseries:

‘k landscaping and maintenance, am-
lance services, and services such as
refuse removal.

THELMA TUCH reports that Johan-
nesburg City Council management com-
mittee chairman Francois Oberholzer
said the municipality would not privatise
its labour-intensive services now.

He added yesterday the privatisation
of labour-intensive work would lead to
lay-offs and that could lead to more un-
rest.

Oberholzer said: “We have no reason to
privatise, we can‘spread the burden
among our 120000 ratepayers and the
million people who use our services.”

_ Reacting to the Cape Town move to-
wards privatisation, he said Johannes-
burg had been doing that for years.

The Organisations and Methods Divi-
sion had investigated and reported on
capital-intensive activities which could
be privatised four years ago.

Then two years ago, the council began
privatising within capital-intensive
areas. Private contractors had supplied
the council with refuse removal vehicles
and drivers since 1984.

Oberhoizer said township planning had
been privatised to some extent because
the council did not.have sufficient staff in
that area, .

92

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-86~108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PROFESSOR SCHLEMMER GIVES THREE SCENARIOS FOR NATION'S FUTURE

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 26 Sep 86 p 7

[Text ] THE MOST favourable scenario for

SA’s future would be a stalemate be-
tween whites and blacks, leading to
compromise and ultimately some form

‘of. power-sharing under an interim gov-

ernment.
Professor Lawrence Schlemmer, di-

rector of the Centre of Applied Social.

Sciences, University of Natal, said this
would happen only if neither govern-
ment nor dissidents could displace the
other. He termed this option a “reform
alliance,” cautioning that.a further split
in the National Party ranks would first
be needed to release them to enter such
an alliance.

The noted social observer, speaking
to the SA-Britain Trade Association,
outlined three other five-year scenarios
for SA:

Co-optive domination, where whites
continued to dominate decision-making
at the political level. Schlemmer said a

/13104

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97

range of blacks would be invited under
this option to participate in the political
process at top levels. He warned it
would be difficult to establish credibil-
ity for this type of system in black
communities.

Some societies have managed to exist
under such an arrangement for decades.
O Seige state, where rising unrest leads

government to take a back-to-the-wall.

stance. Schlemmer explained that a
government with nothing to lose would
naturally resort to naked coercion. Such
a scenario Could be maintained indefi-
nitely, a not given mu it
abroad, he noted, e ove

OQ Revolutionary decay, leading to:
_Majority rule within five years.

There was no evidence this was a
possibility unless government lost its
will to control. While reluctant to pre-
dict an outcome, Schlemmer said if an
attempt at a reform alliance is bungled,
a seige state was likely to follow.



/13104
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These will continue to be im-
ported from Asian suppliers.
Other computer makers are in-
vestigating local sourcing. MD
Adrian Dubbleman, of Micro Com-
uting Systems, which makes an
§M-PC clone, says SA suppliers
can make for R30 a PC casing that
costs R50, including shipping and
duties, from foreign sources.
But many other parts “can’t be
made in sufficient volumes to be
cost-effective, or else the expertise

doesn’t exist here,” Dubbleman
said.

I, many cases, import substitu-
tion seems possible only through
the use of extensive tariff protec-
tion and import quotas, if not di-
rect government subsidies.

“A businessman considering in-
vesting in import replacement has
to be certain that he’ll be protected
against. the world market,” said
Econometrix analyst Tony Twine.

This. means higher costs and,
some say, increasing isolation
from the healthy competitive
forces of world markets.

By. investing now in inefficient
industries in which it has no natu-
ral competitive. advantage, SA
could well compromise its long-
‘term. ability: to participate in the:
international economy. t



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

HIGHER GOLD PRICE SEEN AS POSSIBLE BOON TO ECONOMY
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 23 Jul 86 p 12
[Editorial: "Financial Expectations"]

(Text) The complexities of international finance, as well as the prospects
for the South African economy, are these days forming the background for
market and price movements which are of importance to South Africa. In the
first place there is the more lively gold price, which always has a great
effect on the rest of the South African economy. Gold is holding firm, among
other things, because of the weakening of the American dollar, which for quite
some time already has shown an amazing power that could not be sustained in
the long run. Moreover, American banks are hard pressed on account of the
enormous debt burden of countries like Mexico and Venezuela, which have been
plunged into still deeper trouble because the price of oil, their principal
source of revenue, has recently fallen dramatically. Countries like those can
scarcely meet their international obligations.

Such external factors, which can perhaps affect South Africa for the good, are
somewhat tempered by the low status of the financial rand, an important
barometer of foreign confidence, or lack thereof, in South Africa. The
paradox of the low financial rand, however, is that it can be rewarding at
present for foreigners to invest in South Africa, which may offer a partial
explanation for the steadyness of the Stock Exchange in Johannesburg. At the
same time, South African investors may also think that the higher price of
gold, as well as related factors; among others, the way in which the
government is handling the security situation, offers reason for somewhat more
optimism for the South African economy.

The collective wisdom which determines the status of stock exchanges over a
period of time will only be clear after a while. But it can yet be hoped that
confidence in South Africa, which is essential for the country's future, also
with a view to democratization, is increasing despite all the sanction
threats and the like. There are in any case signs that the outside world is
realizing that sanctions against South Africa may not only be a double-edged
sword, but would also definitely remove the last bit of influence which other
governments still may exert here. South African resoluteness to fight back,
something that is already evident from the above-mentioned financial
indicators, may help to strengthen misgivings about sanctions abroad.

13084
cso: 3401/175 60


housing director of Soweto who resigned today] says he will evict rent
boycotters and end the 2-year old boycott, but the rent boycott continues
to spread and is now reported to have engulfed more than 46 African
residential areas. The enemy arrests leading activists and forces
thousands more to go underground, but the mobilization of the masses
continues. |

Some of these developments are taking place right under the nose of the
enemy. Our [words indistinct] despite the unlimited powers that the enemy
has given to his murderous army and police. Today in many localities
people have established their organs of popular power and have destroyed
Botha's puppet organs. In the Kwandabele Bantustan, our popular campaign
has forced the puppets to shelve their plans for the pseudo-independence.
It is, however, true, dear compatriots, that the enemy is still strong and
that his forces are still relatively stronger than ours. He can still
continue his rule with the use of these forces, but the advances we have
made especially in the past 2 and half years or so [words indistinct].
This [word indistinct] of the police force is intended to enable the enemy
to launch a counteroffensive.

The task ahead of us is to deny the regime that chance of a counter-
offensive. We know that the regime's puppets in the community councils
and the Bantustans will try to enticeour young people to join these forces.
They will also take from the vigilantes that Botha has organized for them
to enable the regime to get the necessary number of recruits. We there-
fore call upon all our people to refuse to be co-opted in the sceme aimed
at defending the system that kills us. [Words indistinct] we cannot be
seen taking part in such schemes. Why should they agree to be used by the
enemy to protect him from our onslaught? Why should they agree to
sacrifice their lives in the defense of apartheid? We call on them to
refuse to be recruited into the murderous machine that is being used to
kill our people every day. Already, our mass uprising has shown everyone
that our people are no longer prepared to live side by side with [words
indistinct]. [Words indistinct] is our clear demonstration that Botha's
boys must go and live with him in military barracks. So why join the enemy
at this time? Why join the enemy that is already on the verge of collapse?

To those among the black people who have [words indistinct] in the enemy's
security forces, we say they should refuse to offer themselves as cannon
fodder, as assassins in the (?tyrannous) regime which holds them and their
people in contempt. Prepare to turn your guns against the common enemy
of the people. You must become the chosen (?hordes) of our people [words
indistinct]. When the time [words indistinct] comes you too must be
counted among the liberators of your country. When people march to
freedom, why detain them? With your (?help) the struggling majority have
no reason to submit to Botha's dictates.

We have no reason to be intimidated by the enemy's dying kicks. ‘The fact
that Botha finds it vital to recruit more police at a time when his
economy is in shambles, at a time when any normal government will be
cutting down on defense spending so as to enable the economy to recover,

66



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

BURKINA

BRIEFS

LOAN AGREEMENT WITH WADB--A loan agreement was signed on 19 September at Dakar
between Burkina Faso, represented by Comrade Talata Eugene Dondasse, minister
of financial resources, and the West African Development Bank [WADB] repre~
sented by its president, Aboubacar Baba Moussa. According to the terms of this
agreement, WADB is to grant Burkina Faso a loan worth 940 million CFA franes to
partially finance rehabilitation work on Ouagadougou Airport. [Excerpt]
[Ouagadougou Domestic Service in French 2200 GMT 26 Sep 86 AB] /9274

CsoO: 3400/125

ln



NATION'S ACADEMICS FACE OVERSEAS PUBLICATION BAN

Johannesburg THE STAR (Metro) in English 23 Sep 86 p 2M

[Text]

/13104
cso:

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Some South African academics are experiencing dif-
ficulty in getting work published in overseas journals,
says an editorial in the current South African Medi-

eal Journal,

“There seems to be a division of opinion among
South African ‘academics with regard to publication
in overseas journals. Some say they are experiencing
no difficulty in getting their work published — partic- °
ularly Ii the US and UK — while other claim to have
detected an anti-South African attitude among over-

seas editors and referees,” says the.journal.

The argunient has spilt over into the columns of -
the New Scientist as a result of a letter from the:*
president of the Zoological Society of Southern Afri-
ca, Professor BR: Allanson, drawing attention to a -
“distressing editorial policy developing among a ,
number of journals against the acceptance of original
research papers by South African contributors”.

Professor Allanson said evidence was accumulat-.
ing about journals which covertly or overtly refuse,
the publication of papers on political grounds.

“To find that we are being subjected to a publica-
tion boycott is profoundly disturbing as it affects the
free exchange of scientific thought and information.” __

An editorial in the New Scientist suggests, how-
ever, that scientists in South Africa — “if they want
the scientific community of the world to take them
seriously” — must openly support scientists else-
where to bring about change.

“They cannot have it both ways: if they stay silent:"
because they want-a quiet life at home, they must ‘
expect others to add to their silence,” says ‘the New *
Scientist. .

94

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

IVORY COAST

BRIEFS

COFYEE, COCOA PRICKS FIXED--The Council of Ministers held its weekly meeting
today thursday, 2 October, at the presidential palace from 1000 through 1200
under the chairmanship of the head of state. Following the report of the
minister of agriculture on the 1986 coffee and cocoa season, the president

of the republic signed two decrees, The first decree fixed 1-October 1986
as the beginning of the cocoa buying season, while the purchasing price

has been put at 400 CFA francs per kilogram. The second decree fixed

1 November 1986 as the beginning of the coffee buying season, The purchasing
price has been put at 200 CFA francs per kilogram. These decisions were
made and the prices were fixed in view of the difficult situation which these
two products are facing on the world market. [Excerpts] [Abidjan Domestic
Service in French 1930 GMT 2 Oct 86 AB] /9274

CSO: 3400/124

16



JPRS~SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

MINISTER LE GRANGE ON 'DECREPIT' TOWNSHIPS
MBO11118 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1101 GMT 1 Oct 86

[Text] East London, Oct 1, SAPA--Black and coloured townships were in such
decrepit conditions that it was no wonder police were being stoned, the
minister of law and order, Mr Louis Le Grange, said today.

He was speaking to resolutions put at the Cape National Party Congress. deal-
ing with the unrest situations and said that might alone would not ‘solve the
country's problems.

“We have to apply security measures along with social upliftment," he said.

"Black and coloured townships are often so decrepit that it's no wonder they
are throwing stones," he said.

Many of them had no water, street lights, and refuse removals.

"They come and point out to you. their new cars which. they have bought on a
small salary and say to you it is Ampossible ‘to drive a ‘car because the
streets are washed away and full of stones.

“They have to take buckets and bathtubs and walk miles because for eight
days there has been no water in their township and they have to go and
fetch it from far away.

"No wonder people are so resentful ‘that they want to throw stones whenever
they see a police or an official or a PUTCO [Public Utility Transport
Corporation] bus in their area,"

Mr Le Grange said in his own town, Potchefstroom, where he was familiar with
circumstances, the local black township was a typical example.

It was built 25 years ago and today. although the backyards and garden were
neat, due to a total absence of refuse removal, the pavements were trash~
heaps.

It often just took a minor effort to rectify the situation.

/6662
cso: 3400/99

45



/1310:

cso:

court to defend himself. Legal aid:
is also available for those earning
R500 per month or less. (The rate is
higher for married persons and
couples with dependants).

Certain landlords maintain that
the economics of rent control oblige
them to provide the absolute.
minimum in terms of maintenance
of buildings and adequacy of
amenities.

The argument raised is that the
poor return yielded on the capital
invested causes the buildings
concerned to be unkempt and
uncared for.

Indeed, a casual observation of
much of Bellevue and Judiths Paarl
reveals some of the buildings to be
derelict and slum-like. Thus there is
accertain harsh truth in the
landlord’s argument.

However, as the Government
does not even provide the rudiments
of a welfare state apparatus and as
it has seen fit to protect tenants
through the imperfect mechanism
of rent control, landlords who own
such buildings must honour the
system to which they are subject.

Unacceptable

What is completely unacceptable
is the landlord’s attempts to make
conditions of life so unbearable in
certain flats that tenants are
obliged to vacate them; thus
allowing the landlord to apply for
the removal of rent control once all
the units in a building are empty.

I will fight any such attempt
every inch of the way, and have

4,
3400/119

90

already proceeded to do so in
specific instances.

A further, distressing instance I
have recently come across is where
the landlord has successfully
applied for decontrol, and has
immediately doubled the rental.

In one case I have been involved
in, an elderly retired couple living .
on pensions, have been in occu-
pation of their flat for 18 years.
They have invested great amounts
of time, love and money in turning
their flat into a meticulously
well-cared-for home.

They now find themselves unable
to pay the doubled rental, and face.
both an arrears demand for R750
and the possibility of eviction. Even
if a new home for them can be.
found, the relocation costs and
emotional trauma will be severe, if
not crippling. ~

There is provision in the Rent.
Control Act (No 80 of 1976) for rent’
control to be reimposed where the
new rental is unreasonably high.
This requires the applicant for rent
control to prove the unreasonable-
ness of the new rental, which is
often difficult to do.

However, I must appeal to all
landlords to examine each case on
its merits, and not to be blinded by
the profit motive to the exclusion of
their social duties and consciences.

A distressing feature is that many
of the cases, even in different
buildings, relate to the same
landlords. I shall have no hesitation
in naming such landlords, and
companies, should their attitude and
actions continue to breed fear and
distrust.



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

NAMIBIA

EDUCATION MINISTER URGES RACIAL COOPERATION
MB021548 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1310 GMT 2 Oct 86

[Text] Windhoek Oct 2 SAPA--Al1 the people of SWA/NAMIBIA, irrespective of
race, class, economic or social status, were entitled to a fair chance to
develop their individual powers of mind and spirit to the utmost, a senior
cabinet minister said today. Mr Andrew Matj ila, the minister of national
education and the Central Personnel Institute, was speaking at the opening
of the Otjiwarongo Secondary School.

He said the SWA/NAMIBIA Government wanted "to see this country welding itself
into some semblance of a nation--and it is getting too late in the day." He
said SWA/NAMIBIA could not afford court cases "whose main aim is to delay the
process of nation-bulding."

"What was unimaginable a generation ago has been unfolding during the past
decade in front of our very eyes. Black people, white people, brown people,
can live together, pray together, eat together, learn together, yes ever marry-~
and God's blessings are being showered upon us. What now remains is for us to
take these modern developments in our country to their logical conclusion.

That is why the cabinet of this country, the highest executive authority in
this land, has decided that as from January 1987, no school in the country
shall be utilized for the exclusive use of a particular group--this means that
no child shall be refused admission to any school solely because he happens

to wear the wrong skin colour, or belongs to a different race group.

"Of late there is marked confusion about the cabinet decision. Press ‘reports
compound the issue, some by lamentable speculation, others by purposely beating
the drums of racial hatred and embarrassment to the government of national
unity. History will not spare the idlers in our society, whose main occupa-
tion is to disarm the protagonists of reform and brotherhood between black and
white.

Mr Atjila said that if an unfriendly and hostile foreign power had attempted
to impose "on our white countrymen the mediocre educational performance that
exists in black schools in this country today, they might well have viewed it
as an act of aggression. However, the other side of the coin is staggering:
We have in effect been committing educational disarmament. :

28



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

FRG DEVELOPMENT LOAN--Accra, 25 Sep (AFP)--Ghana will be the recipient of a
$36 million loan granted by the Federal Republic of Germany by the end of

1986 to help in realizing development projects drawn up by the Ghanian author-
ities, according to the West German Embassy in Accra, In a communique pub-
lished on Thursday by the FRG Embassy in the Ghanaian capital, the loan comes
in the wake of an agreement signed last week in Bonn between a Ghanaian
delegation led by Finance and Economic Planning Secretary Kwesi Botchwey,

and a West German delegation led by Dr Wolf Preuss, director of cooperation
with Africa. A greater part of the West German loan (about $25 million) is
made up of loans payable in 50 years with a 10-year grace period and at an
interest rate of .75 percent. The rest consists of non-refundable loans,
Several key sectors of the Ghanian economy-~agriculture, mining, transport,
and water resources-~are to benefit from the West German loan. [Text] [Paris
AFP in French 2023 GMI 25 Sep 86 AB] /9274

CALM RESTORED IN MAMPRUSSI-—Peace is returning to the Timoba and Konkomba areas
in the Mamprussi district of the northern region, after a series of distur~
bances between the people of the two areas. A statement by the district in-
formation office says the chiefs and elders of both factions have agreed to
live in peace and harmony like they did before the conflict erupted between
them in November last year and in March this year, The Northern Regional
Security Council, led by the undersecretary for the region, Mr Sluemana
Zaccariah, had earlier visited the area to examine the situation, Mr
Zaccariah told the people that the welfare of all Ghanaians is the paramount
concern of the government, which will not tolerate the destruction of inno-
cent lives. He said for the two sides to coexist peacefully, each must be
prepared to forgo a little of its freedom. Security men are helping to main-
tain law and order in the area. [Excerpt] [Accra Domestic Service in English
0600 GMT 27 Sep 86 AB] /9274

COCOA PRICES ANNOUNCED--The Cocoa Board has announced that purchases for the
1986-87 main crop cocoa season will begin next Friday. A statement issued in
Accra by the board says that the producer price to be paid at all buying
centers for a loan of 30 kg of grades 1 and 2 cocoa beans is 2,500 cedis,
while 5,312 cedis 50 pesewas will be paid for a load of 62.5 kg. [Text]
{Accra Domestic Service in English 2000 GMT 28 Sep 86 AB] /9274

ROK DONATES MINIBUSES--Ghana today received a gift of 15 minibuses with
spares worth 12.6 million cedis from South Korea, The South Korean ambassador



together. The medical examination should also be stricter. People arrive at
the training with one eye or a hand with most of the fingers missing. That
makes shooting training very difficult. They should also be able to
communicate with the instructors. Language should then be a common factor.
Lectures should be presented as practically as possible ~- more time should be
devoted to the practical side than to the theoretical portion. Drill is very
important because of their natural rhythm. Their pride should be aroused by
the activities offered them.

It was evident from the opinions of the new defense men that the camp can be
regarded as a big success. They enjoyed everything a lot, and drill and
shooting in particular were very popular. Some were even disappointed that
the training was so short. They would have liked it longer, instead of just a
week. A month or two and even a year were heard, while some would with all
might like to join permanently. They want to broaden their knowledge of
military affairs even more. They look forward to further training and are
very willing to get more involved. Their friends and families are in general
proud of them. They were previously very intimidated and warned about how
"tough" it was going to be. But they were not frightened off, and wanted to
come see themselves.

Mr Isak Swanepoel, a 31-year old driver from Hendrik Verwoerddam, says: "We
must work together with the Defense Force -- it is to our advantage that we
all work together." "I also want to be a man. I must fight for my future,"
says Mr Petrus Chaka, a 28-year old laborer with the municipality at
Reddersburg. "They like me if I am in the army," says Mr Josef Belebisi, a
19-year old craftsman, also from Reddersburg. Mr Samuel Mathathi (29) from
Smithfield says he is glad he came, because he learned how the enemy looks.
Oupa Jameson Tabeni (25) from Rouxville says he has now learned to exercise;
shoot, drill, make a bed and how to eat properly. Mr Johannes Moabi, 24, says
some people tried to intimidate him against the training, but he wanted to go
look himself, and when he returns they will see who is the best, he or they.
One can indeed agree with the slogan: "We work together, we work smart, wé
work hard." Here is certainly a winning formula for a winning team.

13084
cso: 3401/176

56



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

AGRICULTURAL UNION PRESIDENT BACKS PIK BOTHA ON SANCTIONS
MBO21650 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1646 GMT 2 Oct 86

[Text] Pretoria Oct 2 SAPA--The president of the SA Agricultural Union
(SAAU), Mr Kobus Jooste, today endorsed the stance taken by the minister of
foreign affairs, Mr Pik Botha, that South Africa would have to reconsider
the continuing importation of wheat and other agricultural products from the
U.S., if the U.S. Senate decided to impose further sanctions against the
republic.

Mr Jooste sent urgent telexes to leading members of the agricultural commit-
tee of the Senate in Washington, appealing to them not to support the exten-
sion of sanctions against South Africa. In the telexes, Mr Jooste said it
remained important that normal trade, and. free trade principles should be
maintained between South Africa and the U.S. He also stated that the great-
est burden of sanctions would fall on those in South Africa who could least
afford it and that this would result in unnecessary misery, suffering and
even famine. All of southern Africa would be detrimentally affected and
destabilised by sanctions, because of the interdependence of the economies
within the region.

A statement by the SAU said Mr Jooste also brought to the Senators' notice
thatthe commercial agricultural sector in South Africa employed about 1.3
million workers who, together with their dependents number about 5.5 million
people--20 per cent of the South African population--and were totally depend-
ent on agriculture for their livelihood, "apart from the workers in

industry linked to agricultural inputs and outputs."

He stressed the fact that the loss or serious contraction of important agri-
cultural export markets would disastrously affect the economic viability of
"a very large number of farmers, their workers and dependents."

Mr Jooste said sanctions was also a double-edged sword. Due to the negative
effect that boycotts also had on farmers in countries applying sanctions, it
was no wonder that such measures.were not supported by American farmers. He
said he had recently again received strong support from the president of the
American Farm Bureau Federation against the imposition of sanctions against
South Africa by the U.S.

109



JPRS~SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ECONOMICS REPORTER ON CASE FOR, AGAINST IMPORT SUBSTITUTION

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 24 Sep 86 p 4

pending foreign trade sanc-
tions, the fashionable concept

[Text] I: THESE grim times of im-

in economic circles is import
substitution. From private
economists and government
alike,.we hear calls to create or
expand local industry to replace
imported products.
the surface, it is an attractive
proposal. Import substitution, it is
argued, will at once replenish the
country’s reserves of foreign cap-
ital, reduce dependence on foreign
trade, cut unemployment and re-
duce the inefficiency inherent in
industry’s staggeringly low capa-
city utilisation.

An ap) aling argument, but no
one really knows yet whether it is
valid. In fact, the case for import
replacement may well be weaker
than is supposed by its proponents:
although in most industries it is
physically possible, it seems likely
that industry would be hard
pressed to justify the capital in-
vestments required without exten-
sive government subsidies and
long-term guarantees of import
protection.

Because the subject is so com-
plex — involving examination of
replacement opportunities on a

roduct-by-product basis — there
ave been no formal studies made
public for at least two years.

‘T

his is very new, and we’re
still working on it,” said the Indus-
trial Development Corporation’s
(IDC) Koos van Rooy.

111

At this point, several important
investigations are‘ underway: both
Samcor and the Board of Trade:
and Industry are examining oppor-
tunities in the motor vehicle indus-
try, while the Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research is study-
ing chemicals and the Central Eco-
nomic Advisory Service — a gov-
ernment body that reports directly:
to the State President — is work-
ing on a macroeconomic perspec-
tive that eventually may or may:
not be made public.

Even without the benefit of ex-
haustive research, executives in,
the industries that could be most
affected agree that import re-
placement is not an easy panacea.

For most products, they say, de-
felopment of local industry cer-
tainly would be possible.

|
I. enough money were spent, SA;
could sae te capacity for model-:
specific tooling in the motor:
vehicle industry, or for even the:
most specialised of chemicals. In:
only a few areas is the technologi-
cal expertise lacking.

The problem is one of scale. SA’s
is a relatively small economy, with
markets that are insignificant in.
size by: international standards:
Single plants in the US assemble as
many cars in a week as the entire
SA industry produces in a year,
says National Automobile Associ-
ation of SA executive director Nico
Vermuelin. .

If the market for a product is
confined to SA, the investment in-


Unrest Takes Toll on Community Health
(Joe Openshaw; THE STAR, 23 Sep 86) .cscccccccsecccvvvcees

Johannesburg City Councillor Describes Tenant Exploitation
(Tony Leon; THE STAR, 24 Sep 86) .rccccceccccccvsccevseece

Government Criticized for Sidestepping Rent Issue
(Dominique Gilbert; BUSINESS DAY, 26 Sep 86) ..sseccveeeees

Cities Consider Privatization Issue
(Chris Cairncross; BUSINESS DAY, 26 Sep 86) ..cseceseeeees

Statistics Show More Whites Employed
(SAPA, 26 Sep 86) sscccesececceesccvsccescecscesesonnseees

Nation's Academics Face Overseas Publication Ban
(THE STAR, 23 Sep 86) cicccccccsccccccsccvccecvecccescveee

Fort Hare University Hit by Student Boycotts, Unrest
(SAPA, 26 Sep 86) cecccscccccccccccecccceeccccrsseeseseeee

Professor Schlemmer Gives Three Scenarios for Nation's Future
(BUSINESS DAY, 26 Sep 86) ..sccceccccccecccceccscceseceess

Briefs
Church Leader Details Relief Projects
Church Conference Calls for Mandela Release
Pretoria Students Vote To Remain With ASB

ECONOMIC

Botha Announces Water Project With Lesotho
(SAPA, 29 Sep 86) .csecccccccnccccccccccvccccsreerseeceeee

Minister Says Most of Nation's Dams Dangerous
(Keith Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 24 Sep 86) ..ssecssecseceee

Eastern Cape Wheat Farmers Blame Drought for Erosion
(Shirley Pressly; WEEKEND POST, 20 Sep 86) ...sseseeeeeees

Experts Say Floods Needed To Break Drought
(Andre du Toit; THE STAR, 23 Sep 86) ..ceceeseeceeeeeceves

Aid for Drought-Stricken Farmers Seen as Insufficient
(Andre du Toit; THE STAR, 24 Sep 86) ...scseeeeee

Indian Trade Links With Nation Revealed
(THE STAR, 23 Sep 86) ....

Israel's UN Envoy Cites Figures on Arab Trade With RSA
(BBC World Service, 2 Oct 86) ........

-£- : '

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UNREST TAKES TOLL ON COMMUNITY HEALTH

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE STAR (Metro) in English 23 Sep 86 p 2M

[Article by Joe Openshaw]

[Text]

Unrest -is aivital community health issue, according
to the South’ African Medical Journal.

Coriflict nd violence, ‘says the Journal, have
seemingly me endemic and can be expected to
have immediate and long-term effects on health.

In:addition, the present unrest situation with its
prolonged: and uncertain future Is likely to re-
sult in even more severe psychological stress than is
caused by natural disasters such as floods and fires.

Further ingirect and long-term effects are likely
from the disruption of standard’health services.

The most overt effect is the acute physical trauma
arising immediately from unrest incidents, a mani-
festation recently studied by the community health
department of Cape Town University which found
that 1 percent lof patients admitted each month to the
trauma unit off Groote Schuur Hospital in 1984 and the
first half of last year had gunshot wounds.

Between Auigust and November last year this fig-
ure increased sixfold, says the Journal. .

Five-hundre}i patients with gunshot wounds were
treated at the| Crossroads Clinic between February
and November last year, 65 of. them with. wounds
sufficiently serflous to warrant their admission to hos-
pital. Thirteen jof these people died from the injuries.

Many of thése shot were children — 11 percent
were under 18 and younger — and between Au-
gust and November 20 under the age of 13 were ad-
mitted to children’s hospitals in the Cape Peninsula.

EYES DAMAGED

The Departs t of Opthalmology at Groote Schuur
Hospital admitted 47 patients with eye injuries during
the latter part of last year and of these two patients
had both eyes damaged.

/13104

cso: 3400/115

88

“In 41 patients the eyes had been struck with bird-
shot and 38 of ye patients were discharged without
“useful vision in the affected eye; two eyes were blint
éd by rubber bullets, ye " . e

“Although there is no comparable data, a previous
study of pellet-gun wounds published is 1978 recorded
only 16.¢ases in five years — 1,6 cases every six
months — which js 1/30th of the namber seen last
year,” says the Journal.

The mortality records of the Cape Town City
Council show an 11 percent increase in deaths from
“external causes” for the months August to Novem-
ber last year over those of 1984. .

The’ Journal says demands for water and sanita-
tion are unlikely to be adequately met in the near.
future and could precipitate the increase of gastro-.
enteritis. :

The supply and distribution of food to children
already chronically malnourished has become pre-
carious, the Journal adds. cee

Tuberculosis is already been increasing in the
Western Cape. . :

Preventive and promotive services such as antena-
tal and child. health programmes (including immuni-
sation) have been interrupted and an increase in mea-
sles and poliomyelitis can be expected. .

The Journal says there is an urgent need for a
co-ordinated and realistic approach if the conflict’s
impact on health is to be minimised which must in-
clude, not only State-funded services but those of vol-
untary organisations such as Red Cross and St John’s.

It also calls for a rapid means of assessing health
needs and demands in affected areas and stresses
that account must be taken of increased security laws
which may limit the flow of health data.



JPRS-SSA~86-108
29 October 1986

TANZANIA

DEFENSE MINISTER URGES CONFRONTATION WITH RSA
EA021118 Dar Es Salaam Domestic Service in Swahili 0345 GMT 2 Oct 86

[Text] The struggle by the black people of South Africa to liberate themselves
from the oppressive Boer regime as well as the new techniques adopted by the
Boers in an attempt to consolidate their rule have forced African countries to
review their former strategy on the liberation of the countries still suffer-
ing from colonialism and oppression. This was stated yesterday by the deputy
prime minister and minister of defense and national service, Ndugu Salim

Ahmed Salim, while addressing journalists at the Foredhani Hotel in Dar Es
Salaam. He said that independent Africa, the frontline states and the pro-
African international community should recognise the fact that a direct confron-
tation with the Boers is a must.

[Begin Salim recording] Ndugu Journalists. When we discuss the strategy and
techniques currently adopted by. the frontline states, there are several issues
which we must take into consideration. Firstly, what is the current situa-
tion? We must recognize the fact that, whether we like it or not, the idea
that the South African issue should be the last item on the agenda is now
without foundation. Independent Africa, the frontline states and the pro-
African international community must wake up to the truth that whether we
like it or not we must be involved in a head on confrontation with the South
African Boers. As I mentioned earlier, the struggle by the black people as
well as the action taken by the Boers call for a modification of our strategy.

For former strategy was that we should start with Angola, Mozambique, Guinea
Bissau, Cape Verde, Zimbabwe, Namibia and then finally move into South Africa.

This was our former strategy. The strategy has been overtaken by events and
must be [word indistinct].

Secondly, and this is a basic issue, we must understand that we are fighting
a powerful, determined and ruthless enemy. Let us not make the mistake of
assuming that the South African Boer regime is similar to that of Salazar
Coetano, or that of Smith. The conditions are different.

When we fought Portuguese rule, it is true that the struggle was tough, but

the regime--joking at the United Nations we describe the then Portuguese govern-
ment as primitive. It was a case of an underdeveloped country trying to rule
another underdeveloped country. Furthermore, the Portuguese were fighting on
three fronts-~that is in Guinea Bissau, in Mozambique, and in Angola while the
regime itself was based in Lisbon.. Therefore, it had logistical as well as

other problems. The South African regime does not have similar problems.
[end recording]

/9716
cso: 3400/112 33



JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

FORT HARE UNIVERSITY HIT BY STUDENT BOYCOTTS, UNREST
MB261518 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1330 GMT 26 Sep 86

[Text] Fort Alice, 26 Sep (SAPA)--Fort Hare University students had lost
60 percent of the year's classes through boycotts, but class attendance
has been "normal" since Thursday last week when, it has been alleged,
security forces intervened.

The university's PR [Public Relations Officer], Dr Norman Holliday, told
SAPA today students arrived back for the beginning of the term last Monday
but boycotted classes. However, they had been attending classes since
last Thursday, he said, without elaborating.

Last Friday, the university council had confirmed the suspension since
4 September of the Students Representative Council [SRC], he added.

He said there had been "no invitation" from the university for security
force intervention. But, according to Johannesburg's WEEKLY MAIL newspaper,
troops moved on to campus last Thursday. Students claimed that 300
policemen and soldiers positioned themselves around the campus. They
claimed men and women students were separated and their movements on and
off campus restricted. They were addressed by a police officer "while
soldiers stood around with Uzzis and Rls." :

Some students packed their bags and left university, not to return for the
rest of the year. Others returned to classes, the WEEKLY MAIL reported.

Among those who left were SRC members. According to the report, students
fear they will not be re-admitted next year when the administration of the
university is taken over by the Ciskei Department of Education.

But today Dr Holliday said students fears that the change of administration
to the Ciskei authorities would affect student admission were "unfounded."

"The Ciskei will only administer, our council will still run the university
and decide on the admission of students."

95



PLANS FOR NEW CONSTITUTION OUTLINED

Harare THE HERALD in English 24 Sep 86 p 1

[Text]

WIDE-RANGING. constitutional changes plan.
ned for next year to dismantle the Westminster
parliamentary system lin the Assembly and the
Senate were announced yesterday by the Min.
ister of Justive, Legal and Parliamentary Af-

fairs, Dr Eddison Zvo- :

bgo.

The measures include
the speedy establishment
of an executive presiden-
cy, the scrapping of
racial representation,
creation of an unilateral
legislature and making

,

Members of’ Parliament |

work full time.

‘Cde Zvobgo told the ,

Senate in response to
queries during the debate
on the Presidential

speeoh that, the proposed .
changes were to ‘‘de-my- |

stify-and decolonise the
present ‘procedural my-
ths” that were borrowed
from the British system.

“Why should ‘a speech
tbe defined literally like
a speech. Why should we
not be able to deliver
them in song... the Bri-
tis do not, and so
what?” he questioned
amid quips of: “Can we
bring our drums to the
House?”

‘He said the ruling
Zanu (PF) party and its
Government thought it.
prident to amend the
Lancaster Mouse Consti-

19274
CSO: 3400/100

tution which ushered in

the country’s independ-‘
ence in 1980 and that
most of the proposed
changes would be intro-
duced next year.

‘Although ‘he would not
give fuller details, Cde
Zvobgo said the estab-.
lishment of an executive
presidency had been man-
dated during the armed’
struggle and at the
party’s second congress
two. ago.

“Details will have to
wait until very thorough
consideration. has been
undertaken but I can say
I look forward to the year
after next with great
joy,” he said, :

‘On racism, the minister
said there only remained
“very few months” for it
to he abolished by scrap-
ping the constitutionally -
entrenched 20 white seats
in the Lower House,

He warned that mem-
bers sitting in Parliament
on tne basis of their race -
would find themse!veg out
after the Bill which, he
he was “very an-
xious’ to introduce,

There were “extensive

36

JPRS-SSA-86-108
29 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

and well advanced” plans’
to amend various aspects;
of Parliament, Among.
them, he said, was the in-
troduction of a committee
system for both Houses.
shaped along the lines of.
the New Zealand parlia-
ment which he said was:
“extremely stimulating”. "
Such” an arrangement:
would ensure that the
needs of the people were)
“leurly articulated andi
voenlised”, he added, :
Earlier Cde Zvobgo ac-!
eused Senator -P. KR. vi
der Ry! of feigning ignor-
ance “of the contents of
the Missing Personas Act.:
‘The senator had asked
what the Act was about,
anc whether it included
missing ministers.

balanced if he wondered!
if it included missing sen-‘
ators like Van der Byl
who does not reguiarly at-
terid," saié Cde Zvobgo.
He dismissed the sena-
tor’s contribution as “con-
fused but nevertheless
humorous” and invited
him to his cifice for an
“educated discussioa”, -—