JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

GOVERNMENT ON ILLEGAL WORKERS IDENTIFICATION--The Department of Home Affairs
has sent out about 192,000 letters in the past week to employers all over the
country to enable them to distinguish between legal and illegal workers. The
director general of home affairs, Mr Gerrie van Zijl, told our Pretoria staff
that there were about 1.3 million illegal workers in the country. Mr van Zijl
said the country would have to take steps against them in view of the unemploy-
ment situation. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT

17 Oct 86 MB] /7358

csO: 3400/223

55



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

MALAWI

BRIEFS

EXILES DECLARE SOLIDARITY--A Malawian exile political party, the Socialist
League of Malawi (Lesoma) has restated its solidarity with the people,
governments and ruling parties of Zimbabwe, Zambia, Tanzania and Mozambique.
In a statement issued after an emergency meeting in Nakonde, Zambia, over
the weekend, the party condemned the apparent alliance between the government
of President Kamuzu Banda of Malawi and the Pretoria regime. The party's
central committee accused Dr Banda of using his country's membership of
SADCC to consolidated South African dominance of other member states and
suggested that the OAU and SADCC should expel Malawi under its present
government. Doubts by the former Tanzanian president, Dr Julius Nyerere,

on the wisdom of admitting Malawi to SADCC seemed to have been correct, said
the statement. The party, which desires the overthrow of the present
Malawian government, called on Malawians to rise against it. The statement
urged offictals of Malawi's diplomatic missions to rebel against their
government. The party was for an egalitarian social system in Malawi.
[Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Oct 86 p 5] /9317

CSO: 3400/249 .

21



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» sources. are translated; those from English-language sources .°*
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: eadiines; editorial, reports, and material ‘enclosed in brackets. -
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familiar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
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[Hani] Well, the workers, comrade, as the document on the strategies and
tactics of our movement says, they form the backbone of our revolution. Why

do we say they form the backbone of our revolution: That the most cohesive
pian [words indistinct] towns and (?segregation). In the past 2 years they
have acquited, comrades, an incredible level, high level, of political and class
consciousness. What do I mean by this? Our workers are becoming militant.
Our workers have realized the need to join trade unions.

Not trade unions in the soft Western sense of just fighting for improvement

of living and working conditions, but trade unions which are quickly realiz-
ing that the liberation of.the black people is the key thing, that most of
their problems will be solved as a result of political liberation, of social
emancipation. And now these workers if, as we correctly say,.they are a deci-
sive element in our struggle, it means there must be a decisive element in all
forms of struggle. In the political struggle, in the trade union struggle,

in the mass struggle, as well as [words indistinct], therefore they partici-
pate in that struggle. There are many ways in which.the workers must partici-
pate in that struggle. Especially, Umkhonto We Sizwe ‘has got a duty to train
workers detachments and to equip these workers.detachments, so that they can
act in a number of ways. They can use explosives and mines to attack economic
installations.

In this case, for instance, we know the role of the transnational :corporations
in our country. They are participating in the crime of exploiting our people.
They are helping Botha ‘to ‘give a false impression of prosperity, which is not
false in a way because the whites are enjoying prosperity. The transnational
corporations are on the side of our oppressors. So the workers must partici-
pate in destroying those industries which belong to the transnational ‘corpora-
tions.

Secondly, our workers are engaged literally every day in strikes against the
capitalist class. And the natural reaction of the capitalist class is to

first [words indistinct] hundreds and thousands of. (?workers).. So for instance,
in the trade of platinum [words indistinct] the workers who resist struggle,
this is a form of [word indistinct] by the enemy and the workers have got to
organize revolutionary violence in response to this form.of ‘violence. And

the workers must act against such [word indistinct]. They must use revolution-
ary violence. They must plant ines, they must flood [words indistinct], they
must deal with all managers, directors and captains of industries who display
hostility to the workers demands.

We move to another element to the workers struggle--to the workers’ unity in
the factory. Workers must not feel that without TNT, plastic explosives,
without the limpet, without an AK, that there are no other ways of breaking
down the machinery. There is what ‘you ‘call cold demolition.

Let me give a.very short explanation. Workers now having worked in some of
these factories are experts in the way these machineries, you. know, .are
operated. They know that by removing just one screw, one nut, one. bolt, that
machine will not move for instance for another 2 days. They know that by pour—
ing fat or even sugar, for instance, that machinery can have a lot of problems.

64


discussion and advice. The church had much to offer from its Christian tradi-
tions which included boycotts and which could assist students to answer those
who wanted to resort to violence, tragically an ever-present by-product of boy-
cotts. "We understand very well that nasty and evil events often accompany
these actions but do not think that if the church condemned them, as it did with
dancing, that it will result in the reality vanishing," Mr Loff said. "Our deci-
sion of last week does not mean we are saying that the youth must boycott, it
only says we have understanding of it. If we condemn it we are eliminating the
possibility of discussion with them," he said.

Mr Mentor's amendment was put to the vote and carried by a majority of seven.

/7358
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75



/9317

che government that foreign firms offer 51
per cent of shareholding to local investors.
Adams said the policy was in line with the
Sank’s position on private sector develop-
ment. In the past, the state has provided
local shareholding in joint ventures with
foreign firms. But now the government is
saying that private investors be given
priority in joint ventures and that they
take majority interests. While. rhost
foreign embassy officials were unwilling to
comment formally on these new govern-
ment directives, it is clear that many of
Kenya’s bilateral donors find the proposal
unacceptable. ‘I'he German minister said
at the press conference in Nairobi that
Germany, one of Kenya’s leading
bilateral donors, felt that the ruling would
stand in the way of the desire of the two
governments to increase private sector co-
operation between the two countries.

‘The question of expatriates is another
bone of contention between Kenya and
her bilateral donors. ‘The German
minister said he had raised with govern-
ment authorities, Kenya’s increasing ten-
dency to supplant German experts from
working in some projects in the country.
Kenya thas recently expressed concern
over aid programmes that have large
allocations for advisory services and
experts and it is estimated that 40 per
cent of the value of bilateral development

CSO: 3400/231

11

assistance in the country is eaten up in
expatriate renumerations and advisory
services offered by consultancy firms from
donor countries. Adams said the bank’s
view was that Kenya was trying to exploit
better, bilateral assistance because ofthe
budgetary discipline it has adopted. As
jong as the debate becomes ideological, he
added, the Bank will continue to regard it
as an attempt to encourage donors to
ensure that local conatiltants are utilised
in projects.

‘The new structural adjustment
measures the government of Kenya
intends to pursue in the next 15 years are
contained in the recently published
Sessional Paper No,1 of 1986, and it.
remains to be seen whether the momen-
tum of the use of monetary and fiscal
measures in economic management which
Kenya has displayed in recent years will
be sustained. In the immediate period
following the 1973 oil crisis, Kenya
published Sessional Paper No.4 of 1975 on
economic prospects and policies,
stipulating adjustment reforms the
government wanted to pursue. But as
soon as the 1977 coffee boom allowed the
country off the hook, structural adjust-
ment reforms were abandoned and
monetary authorities fell back to expan-
sionary spending and large budget
deficits.



Black consciousness does not profess to be the panacea of all injustices and
oppression. What we are prepared to do is to subject evéry theory, ours in-
cluded, to the uncompromising crucible of theory and practice. The problem of
black education must be tackled by blacks themselves with a black perspective.

16662
cso: 3400/244

70


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

its forces had captured two places, Alto Molocue and Licuari, in Zambezia
province, and shelled the headquarters of the military commander for Maputo
province at Pessane. A railway bridge in the line between Maputo and South
Africa was also reported destroyed. A few days beforehand the rebels claimed
to have killed a total of 578 troops of whom 59 were Zimbabweans between
September 10 and 15 in the southern half of the country (Maputo, Inhambane,
Gaza and Sofala provinces). [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in
English 4 Oct 86 p 5] /9317

DEBTS TO SWEDISH COMPANIES CANCELLED-~-Sweden confirmed on October 2 the
cancellation of 19 million dollars in debts owed by Mozambique to Swedish
companies. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 11 Oct 86
p 8] /9317

HEALTH ACCORD WITH SRV—A total of 19 Vietnamese doctors and 1 sanitary engi--
neer will come to Mozambique under the terms of an-accord in the field of
health signed in Maputo today between the ministries of health of the People's
Republic of Mozambique and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. .The accord

is in the context of the existing of friendship and cooperation between. the
two countries. In addition to those Vietnamese experts, the accord provides
for the training of Mozambicans in that country. The accord was signed by
Mozambican Deputy Minister of Health Fernando Vaz, and Nguyen Khac Huynh,
ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the Socialist Republic of

teh 7ee6 [Text] [Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1700 GMT 26 Sep 86

MB 6662

TECHNICAL COOPERATION WITH CUBANS--Delegations from Mozambique and Cuba
are currently meeting in Maputo to discuss a joint cooperation commission.
The delegations are headed by Director (Celia Matos), on the Mozambican
side, and by (Juan Nie) for the Cuban side, who are responsible for
technical cooperation between the two countries. The discussions at the
specialist level should conclude a program of cooperation for 1987 for
presentation to the next session of the Mozambique~Cuba joint commission.
A source within the Ministry of Cooperation told AIM that the most important
areas to be covered by the program will be health, education, construction
and agriculture. Under the expected proposal, Mozambique will send
students to Cuba to be trained in education, construction, and general
planning, while Cuba will send experts to our country to work in education,
health, construction, and agriculture. The next session of Mozambique-Cuba
joint commission is scheduled for early 1987. [Text] [Maputo Domestic
Service in Portuguese 0400 GMT 27 Sep 86] /9604

cso: 3400/75

28


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA .

BRIEFS

BUSINESSMEN ATTRACTED TO MAURITIUS—-Mauritius is pulling out all the stops

in order to attract those investors who want to quit South Africa. A campaign
to this end is being led by deputy prime minister Sir Gaetan Duval and the
minister for industry, Diwakur Bundhun. Some 60 businessmen from South Africa,
representing 47 different firms, were in Mauritius from 21 to 28 September and
were given full opportunity to find out on the spot about the possibilities of
investment. The mission was organised by the Mauritius Trade Office in
Johannesburg and led by Jean-Michel de Senneville, its director. [Excerpt]
(Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Sep 86 p 3] /9274

GM TO STAY 5 YEARS--Port Elizabeth Oct 20 SAPA--Official information on the
major structural changes to be made by General Motors in South Africa will be
released within the next few days, local news reports said today. This will
be followed by a formal announcement early next month containing fuller de-
tails, the reports said. A GM source confirmed weekend reports that GM pro-
duction would remain in Port Elizabeth and that its presence in the city would
be guaranteed for at least five years, the reports said. According to the
source, weekend reports that the company would be taken over by individuals and
not another company were correct. The suggestion that a local shareholder had
been found was "firmly squashed," the reports added. [Text] [Johannesburg
SAPA in English 1337 GMT 20 Oct 86 MB]  /6662

8,000 CAPE TOWN FAMILIES HUNGRY--Cape Town, Oct 21, SAPA--Cape Town's medical
officer of health, Dr Reg Coogan, has estimated that 8,000 families in greater
Cape Town are malnourished, SABC radio news reports. A large~scale relief
effort is under way in the city to ease the plight of the people hard hit by
unemployment and high inflation. Dr Coogan said this morning that community
nurses were constantly monitoring the nutritional needs of people living in
the poorer areas and were well placed to assess the degree of need. {Text]
[Johannesburg SAPA in English 1025 GMT 21 Oct 86 MB] /6662

CAPE REFUGEES FACE MALNUTRITION~~-Cape Town Oct 20 SAPA~-Reports of malnutri-
tion in many parts of the Cape flats increased this year, SABC radio news re-
ported. An organisation spokesman said St John Ambulance was feeding 2,000
to 3,000 people a week. Mrs Anne Bothat said St John's was spending almost
R14,000 a week in aid. She warned careful planning was important as aid
schemes would cause friction and resentment. She said donations decreased
dramatically since the response to appeals after the violence in Crossroads
in June. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1201 GMT 20 Oct 86 MB] /6662

cso: 3400/243
99



/9317

Ugandan daily, Munno reported that the
restrictions on Ugandan traders: from.
entering Kenya had cdused-a shortage of:
such commodities ‘as . wheat. flour,,
toothpaste, soap, Deer and cooking fats,
resulting in their. prices’. suddenly
shooting. up by between. 30 and: 60: per
cent. In an interview with a» Weekly
Review correspondent: in Kampata, the
Ugandan minister. for regional co-
operation, Mr.’ Sebaana Kizito, said. that
the Ugandan government. had- not.
received any official communication from.
the Kenyan authorities .as. to why.
Ugandan businessmen had been stopped
from entering Kenya and that he had con-
tacted the Uganda High Commission in.
Nairobi seeking clarification’ from. the
Kenyan authorities. In the meantime,
Munno reported that Ugandans in Kenya.
were packing up and finding the safest.
means: of leaving Kenya to avoid being
apprehended by Kenyan security. person-
nel, who are cracking down on aliens.
staying in Kenya illegally.

CSO: 3400/256

35



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ANC PEOPLE'S ARMY COMMISSAR ON NATURE OF INTERNAL STRUGGLE
EA211355 Addis.Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT 20 Oct 86

[Text] [Announcer] Compatriots, tonight in our program we shall present to
you an exclusive interview with Comrade Chris Hani, a member of the National
Executive Committee of the ANC and. commissar of our People's Army, Umkhonto
We Sizwe. As we know that last. year in June.[as heard], our vanguard movement,
the ANC, held its second National Consultative Conference in Zambia. That
conference reaffirmed that our strategy remains that of combining a heightened
mass political advance on all fronts and an escalated and resolute military
offensive. That was the. spirit that dominated our conference and that is the
order of the day. We just asked Comrade Chris Hani to characterize the level
of our armed struggle, espectally after that second National Consultative
Conference. ,

[Hani] That sort of emphasis which was made at our National Consultative
Conference last year rose out of the recognition of certain objective factors
in our country. If you recall, this was the year after the most massive form
of militant mass action by our people which started in 1984, at the time of
the tricameral parliamentary elections. Our people had literally engaged

the enemy in mass struggle, boycotting the elections, refusing to pay rent and
as a result, some of them lost their lives. So we have got a situation of the
readiness of the people of South Africa, the oppressed people of South Africa,
to take on the enemy.

Exactly at this time, the ANC has emerged as the undisputed guide of the
revolution. People related to the ANC, our people accepted its leadership.
There was a focus, for instance, on the release of political prisoners. Every-
body was speaking about the ANC. We andlyzed this as a result. of the earlier
forms of armed struggle conducted by Umkhonto We Sizwe. As you know now, the
earlier forms of armed struggle were characterized by armed propaganda, in
other words, units of Umkhonto We Sizwe attacked installations and attacked
personnel in order to push the ANC before the people of South Africa, in order
to make the people realize that their vanguard is the ANC.

Now we are all convinced that Umkhonto We Sizwe achieved this objective. So
this objective having been achieved, there was a need to move forward. Now
what was the next step forward? Conference agreed that the next step forward
was the transformation of armed propaganda into people's war.

60


JPRS-SSA-86-115
13 November 1986

NAMIBIA

POLITICAL ROW ERUPTS OVER DESEGREGATION OF SCHOOLS
Johannesburg THE CLTLZEN in English 9 Oct 86 p 9

[Text]

‘WINDHOEK. — A ma-
jor row has erupted in the:
ranks of the SWA Tran-:
sitional Government over:
the desegregation of.
schools in the territory
from January next year.
And, in: what political
sources described as a re-
lated development, the
entire Transitional Cabi-
net has been summoned

to Pretoria for a meeting .

with the South African

State President, Mr PW -
Botha, on Wednesday |.

next week.

Yesterday, the Minister
of National Education,
Mr Andrew Matjila
(Democratic Turnhalle
Alliance), announced in
the National Assembly
that in terms of a Cabinet
decision on September
16, race and colour would
no longer apply as norms
for admission of pupils

when the SWA schools

reopened next year.
Schools that would be

mainly affected by dese-

gregation were those re-

‘served . exclusively for

White children.

An authoritative source
close to the Cabinet said
that the decision had been
taken with the support of
all the parties represented
in the central govern-
ment, including the SWA
National Party and the
Rehoboth Free Demo-
cratic Party.

On this issue the Reho-
both Baster Administrat-
ion was reported to have
informed the Cabinet in a:
letter yesterday that non-
Rehobothers would be
barred from admission to
Rehoboth schools from
January next year.

The Rehoboth Baster
kaptein and leader of the
RFDP, Mr Hans Dier-
gaardt, said the decision
had been taken after-a re-
quest for financial “aid
from the central govern-
ment had been turned
down.

In terms of the Reho-
both Self-Government
Act (1976) of the South

African’ Parliament, Re-
hoboth is administered
virtually as a state within
astateinSWA. ©

Meanwhile, the Ad-
ministrator-General, Mr:
Louis Pienaar, and sever-
al Cabinet Ministers have
confirmed next Wednes-
day’s meeting with Mr
Botha.

A Cabinet source said
“T will not be surprised” if
on next week’s Pretoria
agenda was a severe rep-
rimand from Mr Botha to
the eight-member SWA
Cabinet over persistent
dissension within the
ranks of the territory’s
nominated central. gov-
emment. ~

The transitional gov-
ernment’s rule since its in-
ception on June 17 last
year has been noted to
date for internal strife and
court applications over
SWA Proclamation AG 8
(1980), which entrenches
group rights in the territo-

ry. — Sapa,

/9317
CSO: 3400/230

31



That same regime is occupying Namibia. It is engaged in a number of destabil-
izing actions in southern Africa. So for it to maintain its superiority over
our people, it has got to arm as many whites as possible.

But that is not enough, as the regime was to understand. The regime now is
realizing that whites alone can no longer defend white superiority, can no
longer defend apartheid. So that regime is a colonial (?history), and in our
study of the behavior of colonialists everywhere, we realize that they have
always depended on the collaboration of what we call the natives in maintaining
the rule of or the grip of colonialism. Equally, in our country they have got
to make use of our people in order to maintain and sustain apartheid and racist
domination. Hence, for instance, the establishment of Bantustan and the crea-
tion of the Bantustan puppet army. Hence the arming of the black police who
were not armed 15 years ago. Now those are the sources of weapons. Our people
must start to disarm those people. For.every gun that we have, whether an AK
or a grenade, use it to get more weapons from the other side. Use it to get
R-4's, grenades, R-1's, a variety of weapons from the other side. Use it to
get weapons from the puppet armies in the Transkei, Ciskei, Venda, Bophuthatswana.
Use it to get weapons from the farmers who, T mean, each farmer has got a
ballistic (?rifle) or weapons, it is a ridiculous situation. Each farmer has
got three or four weapons.

So our people must know that raids against all. these objects in order to
caputre weapons are an important way of the masses getting armed.

[Announcer] What then can be the role of the black policemen who have decided
to break ranks with the repressive machinery?

[Hani] The black police, as well as the black members of the SADF, first of
all, we know, comrade, that objectively they have no stake in racist domina-
tion and apartheid. Politically. they have no power, they do not have the vote,
they do not have, rather they have got problems of housing, their children go
to Bantu education schools and we also: know that.in the course of this mass
upsurge of our people as our people, for instance, have been dealing with
collaborators and puppets,.the black police have had to flee the townships in
many cases. The whites have not accommodated the (?salve) police in the white
suburbs. They have given them tents at the black police station.

We ought to tell our black policemen--try to hand over.weapons to these

brave and courageous and heroic fighters of Umkhonto We Sizwe. But, if they
do not want to, we have the duty to disarm those police, to use every method
to disarm them, to get weapons they aré using against our people. In order
to arm ourselves, in order to deal with the enemies of our revolution, so that
we keep on the process of the freedom of our people.

[Announcer] The ANC has also called on ‘the workers. from the factory floor to

be engaged in people's war, how could they be involved in people's war when
they are only in the factory?

63



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

LUXURY CARS IN DEMAND BY EMIGRANTS

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 12 Sep 86 p 1

{Article by Dominique Gilbert]

[Text]
LUXURY cars are selling like hot cakes creasing number of ‘cars had left ‘the:
because they do so well on the so-called country over the past few months. At
atti er rer
People thinking of transferring them- y
selves and their wealth out of SA ap) BMWs and Mercedes. i
to be snapping vehicles — such as Mer- In August a total of 30 cars left SA for
cedes and BMWs — for resale across the the US, Australia and UK. |
waters. ate : Campbell said: “The authorities have
Mercedes prices range between clamped down by ‘saying people have to
R39 950 and R116 040. own their cars for a year, but this is not
‘One man, said. to have made in the US always the case as they can slip through
as much as four. times in SA what he paid the banks. It is in their interest to own the :
for his Mercedes — and in dollars — has car for a year anyway as they can then
returned to SA. and is negotiating his apply for duty free imports.”
second deal. Generally, the Reserve Bank looks at
“The chicken-run le are payin; each case on its merits and usually re-
cash “said one of the. largest ‘second- luires at least one year’s possession be-
ers. re passing approval. Sources con-
He added that private buyers must firmed there was no “hard and fast” rule.
own, cars for at least 180 days before: : “There is a money-making racket go-
seas. i ing on,” a salesman confirmed, saying.
A new-car dealer confirmed many: some foreign countries were now raise ‘
I car buyers made their purchases ing people must own cars for at least a
intending to sell them overseas. year in the new country before reselling.
Suafrés export manager Ave yA ch Burns Day i es
Campbell yesterday confirmed an in- Hondas, achieved 15% market share.
/9317

cso: 3400/219

100


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

ROLE, PROGRESS OF POLICE FORCE SINCE INDEPENDENCE EXAMINED
Minister of Home Affairs Comments
Harare THE HERALD in English 8 Oct 86 p 4

[Text]

THERE is -no such
thing as the trans-_
formation of a police
force but a change of,
attitude on the part of |
the police toward the
public they serve and
protect. 4
‘The Minister of Home |
‘Affairs, Cde Enos Nkala’
was remarking in an
interview on the progress
of the police force since
“independence in 1980.

He said: “When you)
talk of the trans-"
formation of a police
force, you~ are. talking
about investigation, In- :
vestigations remain the
same whether you are in.
@ colonial police force or
one of an independent
state. The training, the
tackling of crime and
drilling remain the same.
The only transformation
that occurs is in the men-
tal attitude.”

He said that our police:
in the colonial era tended.
to be harsher and treated:

people as if they were.
animals. ‘

After independence,
there was need be tase.
ori police at a
how to handle human
beings and: how to in-
‘vestigate without harsh-
ness and mistreatment of
people, the minister said.

‘The minister has been
receiving compliments ‘for
the work being done
by -the police from all
quarters of society.

“There has been a lot
of compliments to the
police commending them
on how they handle
investigations of private

homes and control of.

crowds at mass games
like football matches and
other gatherings, at
business premises and
other places.

“Since I became minis-
ter of Home Affairs, I
have heard from mem-
bers of Parliament, or-
dinary citizens, critical
politicians, religious
leaders, blacks and
whites and businessmen
saying how professionally

41

and politely the police be-
have, Generally, people:
are happy about the
Police work,”

On police recruitment,
the minister said that the:
police force was over-
flooded with applications. .

“Since 1980,” he said, |
“a sizeable number of”
police men and women:
with ‘A Jevels and uni-

recruits who are giving
the kind of leadership
and the kind of police
persons we would require :
in the future.” '

Cde Nkala rejected the:
allegation that there ig a'
shortage of police man-,
power in the country, He!
said that one reason why
there may appear to be a
shortage of police at
some stations and towns;
or posts was that a Jot of!
police contingents or of-
ficers who could le look-
ing at erime on. the
streets or attending to
various things, are “pin-
ned down in the fight
against dissidents”,



Mr Pieter Schoeman, presidents councillor and PFP candidate in the forthcoming
Northrand by-election, told a meeting at Randburg that the "economic and finan-
cial crisis which we find ourselves in, cannot be divorced from the political
environment in which we do business."

The present. crisis‘with regard to sanctions and looming withdrawals by large
companies such as GM and Shell, must be placed squarely at the doorstep of the
NP [National Party] for their political mismanagement of the country.

"The Nationalist government is destroying the country, they are isolating us
internationallity, and they are sending us to a Beirut destination," he said.

/6662
Cso: 3400/245

83



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

WFTU BOARD MEMBERSHIP~-(ENA)~-Comrade Tadesse Tamirat, member of the CC of
the WPE and Chairman of the Ethiopian Trade Union (ETU), returned here
yesterday from Berlin, German Democratic Republic after attending the 11th
conference of the World Federation of Trade Union (WFTU). Comrade Tadesse,
who led a five-man delegation of the ETU said that the conference elected
Ethiopia and Benin to be bureau members. and vice-chairmen of the union from
Africa. Comrade Tadesse pointed out on arrival that the conference held
from September 16 to 22, 1986 was opened by Comrade Erich Honecker, General
Secretary of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
and Chairman of the Council of State of the German Democratic Republic.

The WFTU conference is conducted every four years. The recent conference
was attended by over 1,014 representatives of workers from different countries
of the world, Comrade Tadesse said. [Excerpts] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN
HERALD in English 27 Sep 86 pp 1, 3] /9317

CSO: 3400/256


Political Row Erupts Over Desegregation of Schools
(THE CITIZEN, 9 Oct 86) sececcevccccccvcrccecceccecrceness

TANZANIA

Sanctions Lead Ports To Gear Up for Increased Traffic
(THE HERALD, 17 Oct 86) ..cescsccececcececcrccecscceccetes

UGANDA

Kenyan Authorities Tighten Border Security
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 3 Oct 86) ...cceccecceeee

Coffee Farmers Press for Reforms
(FINANCIAL REVIEW, 29 Sep 86) .....

Briefs
EEC Aid Approved

ZAMBIA

Briefs
India To Lend Funds
Angolan Refugees Being Moved

ZIMBABWE

Chinese Experts Explore Fish Cultivation Projects
(THE HERALD, 16 Oct 86) .ecscescccceerececccrceccesceseeces

Role, Progress of Police Force Since Independence Examined
(THE HERALD, 8 Oct 86) .sccesceccseescecercceceseecessones

Minister of Home Affairs Comments

Public Response Leads to More Arrests, by
Shakespeare Johnson

Mounted Patrols Cut Cattle Thefts

More Training for Bush Patrols

South African Border

Zambia, Mozambique Borders

Governor Outlines 5-Year Mashonaland Development Plan
(Tendayi Nyakunu; THE SUNDAY MAIL, 5 Oct 86) ..

Three Companies Merge To Localize Nation's Motor Industry
(Lynda Loxton; THE HERALD, 16 Oct 86) ..ccccccccceveeveeee

Air Zimbabwe Trains Black Pilots as Captains, Officers
(THE HERALD, 16 Oct 86) ..cecesceecececcees

31

32

36

38

39

39

40

4l
4l
42
43
43

44
45

46

48

49



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

UGANDA

BRIEFS

EEC AID APPROVED--The EEC has approved three projects in Uganda for a total
value of 22 million dollars. They are all in the form of grants from the
balance of resources from the Lome II Convention. Six million dollars was
approved for the second phase of the Karamoja development program which is an
integrated program with the aim of improving food production and general
living conditions in Karamoja. The 48 km section of the Kampala-Masaka Road
from Katonga bridge to Masaka will be rehabilitated at a total cost of nine
million dollars. The reconstruction and resurfacing of the 22 km stretch.
between Kabale and Katunga at the Uganda-Rwanda ‘border was approved at a.total
cost of seven million dollars. [Excerpts] [Kampala Domestic Service in
English 1400 GMT 10 Oct 86 EA] | /6662

cso: 3400/254

38



by the idea that South Africa is a Western country, thus condeming ideas

and models from other African countries and the rest of the world that eschews
the Western model of society. This attitude reinforces the superiority com-
plex that whites have about themselves and is being forced down the throats
of the black student.

Only whites can vote in South Africa. The ostensible "reasonableness" and
"reform" that are being paraded must be seen for what they are--an attempt to
absorb the pressure and deflect the blows that are being inflicted on the
Government's armoury.

Education is a crucial weapon in its arsenal to maintain the status quo. The
Government will, therefore, make. any pseudo-concession as long as that does not
interfere with the primary purpose of its ideology.

The government and all its supporters, consciously or unconsciously under-
stand the importance of education and their role of it. Otherwise why would
various big companies and governments, particularly the Americans, pump mil-
lions of rands into black education and lure hundreds of students to their
countries to study this or the other?

All other..reasons are secondary to the one that blacks must be employable.
They must be able to work within. parameters that have been created for them.
The rewards for compliance are generous.

As black people, the education problem is our problem. We must find the
solution.

What has eluded us thus far is the recognition that liberatory education
and sectarianism among ourselves are incompatible.

Sectarianism is predominantly emotional and uncritical. It is arrogant and
against communication. The sectarian disrespects the choice of others, he
acts without the benefit of the vigilance of reflection. ‘The sectarian
sloganises the pace.

The sectarian does not consult nor attempt to convince or persuade others.

He coerces. In short, the.sectarian is a loser who wonders why he lost. The
simple reason being that he runs a sprint when all others are girded for a
long-distance race.

What needs to be done is to understand that black education must have a liber-
atory effect.

Education for liberation is not confined only to institutionalised schooling.
This type of education is to be found neither in empty shiboleths or aged
manuscripts. It is to be found in the integration of the black man with his
environment and his relationship with other humans,.the merging of the past
with the present and the movement towards changing society for the better.

69



JPRS-SSA~86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CAPE TEACHERS GROUP CALLS FOR LIFTING OF EMERGENCY
MB181803 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1732 GMT 18 Oct 86

[Text] Port Elizabeth, Oct 18, SAPA--Members of ‘the Cape Teachers Professional
Association [CTPR] today. called on the government to lift the state of emergency
and release all detainees.

The call was made through the association's deputy president, Mr Randall van
den Heever, at a meeting in the West End community hall, Port Elizabeth.

"The association once again wants to call upon the government to lift the
state of emergency, which is now dragging through for the fifth month," he
told about 100 teachers at the annual regional conference.

The CTPA was especially concerned, he said, about "the hundreds of teachers,
pupils and community leaders in detention, and asks for the immediate release
of these detainees."

Despite daily reports about a decrease in violence since the emergency was
announced in June, everybody was aware that "renewed unrest" lay beneath the
surface of the "apparent peace".

Mr van den Heever referred to the "disturbing deterioration" in the situation
at black schools.

That, as well as the transfer of black teachers and the continuing school
boycott, served as a memory of the "fiery opposition" which still existed
against the present education system.

Mr van den Heever criticised the SABC’s television programme, network, for
discrediting black leaders whose ‘children were studying at private schools.

He said the SABC'’s criticism of the leaders amounted to a form of incitement.

"As such, it is unconditionally condemned ‘by the association as a deed of
short-sighted prejudice," he said.

The association repeated its appreciation of the "productive manner" in which
pupils applied themselves to their studies after the unrest in the 1985 school

year.

78


-JPRS-SSA-86-113
13° NOVEMBER 1986

He Sub-Saharan Africa Report — oo

| REPRODUCED BY

| U.S, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

Master. Xidex, the world's largest manufacturer of magnetic discs--20
million a month--took over Dysan and the Control Data Business Products
Group, now called Storage Master. It provides them with three major produc
xanges which CRB will distribute. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES
(Business) in English 28 Sep 86 p 32] /9317

COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR REEF TRAINS--A computerised train control system,

the first of its type in the Southern Hemisphere, was officially opened
by South African Transport Services yesterday. The system, pioneered by
British Rail, was installed at the Midway control centre near Johannesburg
at a cost of R7,5 million. The Solid State Interlocking (SSI) system
eliminates conventional control panels with levers, knobs and buttons and
gives train control officers time to maintain the flow of traffic with
maximum safety. It activates sets of points and signals by commands
through a keyboard and a visual display unit in the control centre. Train
movements and the position of points and signals in a specific section of
track are monitored on a video screen. The centre of Midway controls
signalling at Lenz and Midway stations. After a test period it will be
extended to other railway stations in the region. [Johannesburg THE STAR
in English 1 Oct 86 p 9] /9317

INLAND FUEL PROJECTS—-Durban--For security reasons the Government could
well decide against development of the Mossel Bay gasfields, says the new
chief of Murray and Roberts, Mr David Brink. He says that M&R, which will
play a key role in managing the project if it goes ahead, is not laying its
hopes on a favourable decision. One of two inland synthetic fuels projects
(proposed by Gencor and AECL) could well get the nod ahead of the Mossel
Bay project when a decision is made, possibly early next year. Mr Brink
said that if he was a “betting man" he would lay odds against the Mossel
Bay project which involves a huge platform 100 km offshore and a long
pipeline. M&R stands to reap major advantages if the project goes ahead.

It was awarded the conceptual design contract and (through its EMSO partner—
ship with overseas interests) it will head overall project management. It
also stands to reap plenty of business in other areas where it is strong
like construction, pipeline-laying, diving services, helicopters and tugs.
A recent management revamp and restructuring of M&R has followed the unusual
step in which shareholders were told (in May) that the group had suffered
R35 million in setbacks since its March interim report. As part of the
restructuring, Mr Brink was appointed MD of M&R Holdings and chief executive
of M&R group. Other steps included cutting the number of major corporate
divisions from six to four. Financial figures for the year to June 30 will
be released on Monday. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 12 Sep 86
p 10] /9317

AUTO PART MANUFACTURERS' NEW MARKETS--SA's automotive component manufcturers
are driving to penetrate foreign markets and are now confident of new export
contracts worth between R200m and R500m from a joint sales foray made into
Europe earlier this year. In May, 17 component manufacturers took part in
the Sitef Expo in Teneva, their exhibits attracting enough attention to
generate a lot of new business, National Association of Automotive Component
and Allied Manufacturers' (Naacam) director Denzyl Vermooten told Business
Day yesterday. He said orders were still being processed, but early indica-

104


Kenyatta International Airport Security Increased
(DAILY NATION, 27 Sep 86) ..cscevccccvcecceecscecessceveses

Less Coffee Available for Auction
(FINANCIAL REVIEW, 6 Oct 86) s.seeeeeee

LESOTHO

Economic Cooperation With RSA Growing in Spite of Sanctions
(WEEKLY MAIL, 26 Sep-2 Oct 86) wcsecscccccccccceceresecees

Alleged Collaboration Between Police, RSA 'Hit Squads'
(Gerald L'Ange; THE STAR, 30 Sep 86) ..cecececseecscecsecs

Briefs
Forensic Laboratory Set Up

MALAWL

Zimbabwean Daily Notes Banda's Dream of ‘Greater Malawi'
(THE HERALD, 16 Oct 86) sesecsaccsecccececccecscccccvevere

Briefs
Exiles Declare Solidarity

MALI

Cabinet Reshuffle, New PM Post Assessed
(Saouti Haidara; AFRICA, Aug-Sep 86) ....

MOZAMBIQUE

Hunger Hits 35,000 in Drought Stricken Govuro
(THE HERALD, 6 Oct 86) .seccececeeccvcececcevcececeesecess

4 Briefs
: Accord With Bulgaria
: Norwegian Transport Consortium
1h Renamo Cultivates Image
Debts to Swedish Companies Cancelled
Health Accord With: SRV
Technical Cooperation With Cubans

NAMIBIA

Transitional Government To Study Sanctions' Effects
(THE CITIZEN, 7 Oct 86) crcecccevccevcccccccvvereccecerees

Uranium Mine Silent About Effect of Sanctions
(THE GITIZEN, 7 Oct 86) .csceceevcccsccvcccevcecsccecseres

12

13

14

16

18

19

21

22

29

30


tions suggested that order books were in for a boost of at least R200m--and
it could go as high as R500m. Vermooten said Naacam members—-of which there
are 135, accounting for 80% of the sector—-were making considerable progress
in breaking into new markets outside SA. The Sitef experience was just one
example of the success being achieved and exports for the industry as a
whole were climbing rapidly. In view of the ongoing pressures for sanctions
against SA, manufacturers were understandly coy about identifying the
markets they were selling into, he said. But the business was undeniably
breathing new life into a sector which had suffered severe blows from the
misfortunes still being felt by SA's vehicle manufacturers. In fact, their
efforts were being joined by some motor manufacturers who had for some time
been looking for new markets for their own components. As an example,

Anglo American's Samcor had been using its engine plant in Port Elizabeth

to produce automobile ard-non-automotive components specifically far export.
He said overseas manufacturers were becoming increasingly internationalised
and prepared to source their needs wherever they could get the best deals
and prices. [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 30 Oct 86 p 1]
/9317

CSO: 3400/228 END

105



HUNGER HITS 35,000 IN DROUGHT STRICKEN GOVURO

Harare THE HERALD in English 6 Oct 86 p 2

[Text]

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

ABOUT 35000 people are guffering from drought in the district of

Govuro in the southern Mozambican province of Inhambane, according
to a report in yesterday’a issue of the Sunday paper Domingo.

19317
CSO: 3400/249

“The Govuro district ad-

ministrator, Lourenco da
Silva, told the paper that
all the supplies the dis-
trict had received from
outside had been consum-
ed by June, If there was
no rain in the next two
months or so, the situa-
tion would be “very ser-
fous”, he warned,

To confront the
drought, the district au-
thorities have urged pea-
sant farmers to switch to
drought-resistant crops
such ag cassava. and sweet
potatoes. “Previously
these crops were not part
of the local people's diet-
ary habits”, said Cde da
Silva.

Now Govuro peasants
have been mobilised to
cultivate these crops on
low-lying land near the
Save River which marks
the boundary with Sofala
Province to the north.

Fortunately Govuro is a
coastal district, and five
fishermen’s associations
have been formed who
catch sufficient fish not
only for the coastal settle-
ments but also for much
of the interior and for:

26

expony to Sofale and Ma-)
nica provinces.

nthe matey tndiatral|
activitiy im the district ig/
the ‘production. of salt at;
the town of Nova Ma-/

the repairs were not com-
pleted until August this
year, Production started
again on August 20 and
Cde da Gilva is optimistic:
that 3000 tonnes will b>
produced by the end of
the year. ‘The installed.
capacity at Nova Ma--
mbone is sufficient for the
production of 7 500 tonnes
of salt a year.

In military terms, Go-
vuro is a calm district,
and the South African

no camps inside it. Occa-
sionally small MNR
groups etrate the dis-
trict, but have been im-
mediately repelled by the
Mczambican troops sta-
tioned there.

‘This’ marks a great
change from the situation
in 1982, when the bandits
dominated most of the
district, and attacked
Nova Mambone itself. -—
Ziana~AIM,



this "remained the most sensible and almost the only policy that could bring a
measure of peace and sense in the current circumstances in South Africa."

The Motion, unanimously adopted by the congress, confirms the parties "federal/-
confederal policy" in which all communities in South Africa would "work together
without one dominating the other."

17358
CsO: 3400/164

85



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PFP'S EGLIN NOTES 'HARDENING' FOREIGN FEELING
MB081015 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1011 GMT 8 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg, 8 Oct, SAPA--Although many people overseas might concede
economic sanctions against South Africa would not bring an end to apartheid,
they were determined political action should be taken, the leader of the Pro-
gressive Federal Party [PFP], Mr Colin Eglin, said today. Speaking to reporters
at Jan Smuts airport after a 10-day trip to attend two international congresses
in Hamburg, West Germany, he said he had noticed during a number of overseas
trips in the last four months a "hardening of feeling" towards apartheid. "What-
ever the state of emergency might have achieved internally, it has certainly not
helped South Africa's image outside. People are determined to take political
action...economic sanctions is one such action even though many people don't
believe this will change apartheid."

Mr Eglin said he had attended an economic conference of the Friedrich-Naumann
foundation, dealing mainly with international trade between developed and
developing countries, and the annual congress of Liberal International, which
was a grouping of central political parties from many countries. The PFP had
observer status at the latter congress, where Mr Eglin delivered a paper and
participated in debate on sanctions.

Mr Eglin said he had laid out his party's opposition to economic sanctions
against South Africa and its view that solutions imposed from outside would not
solve internal problems. He had explained that sanctions "are more likely to
prolong the life of apartheid than reduce it, as it will lead to a hardening of
white opinion and less emphasis on reform." Unemployment would escalate and
social conditions in black townships would deteriorate, with increased conflict
and polarisation the result. "I said that if we want to get rid of apartheid
then what is needed is a vast programme for socio-economic upliftment and re-
construction...this cannot be done in a time of depression."

Mr Eglin said his impression was that a number of delegates to both conferences
--particularly from developing countries--had understood his viewpoints and were
even prepared to concede he was right. "But in spite of this they are still
determined to go on with political action."

80



JPRS~SSA-86~113
13 November 1986

KENYA

BUDGET RATIONALIZATION CAUSING RIFTS WITH DONOR NATIONS

Nairobi FINANCIAL REVIEW in English 29 Sep 86 pp 3~5

[Text]

Not surprisingly, Kenya is mentioned in
the recently published World Bank
annual report as one of the countries in
the Eastern and Southern Africa region,
as one of the countries that has in recent
years adopted difficult structural adjust-
ment reforms. No doubt, the country has
in the last five years undertaken reforms
which have been supported by structural
adjustment loans from the World Bank
and standbys from the International
Monetary Fund (IMF). But what reforms
have been implemented and what has the
government found too difficult to adopt’?
And how have relations between the two
institutions affected the country’s rela-
tions with her bilateral donors?

Since 1980 when the bank and the
international Monetary Fund (1MF)
started major operations in Kenya, the
economic thinking of monetary and fiscal
authorities in the country has been
getting closer and closer to that of the
World Bank and the IMF, the country’s
most influential lenders, and the govern-
ment has, in public statements and
actions shown increasing willingness to
take firm decisions toward implementing
reforms advocated for by the two institu-
tions. Kefore 1980, monetary authorities
in Kenya viewed some of the measures
advocated for by the two institutions,
such as devaluation, as a form of confisca-
tion and had sought to “maintain the
integrity of the Kenya Shilling”. ‘I'he fund
was criticised as inflexible and insensitive
to local problems and in the 1976/77
financial year, for example, Kenya was
denied an extended credit facility by the

Fund after the government exceeded the
credit ceiling agreed upon with the fund.

But things have changed. ‘I'he 1980s
ushered a change of attitude by Kenyan
authorities and the government relations
with the Bretton Woods institutions, as
the Bank and the Fund are sometimes
referred to is placed. Kenya continues to
show that it is willing to accept the
proposition that without policy reform,
aid ‘has become difficult to mobilise.
informed sources say authorities in Kenya
no longer contest the principle of con-
ditionality (conditions for loans) and view
the multilateral lenders as potentially
useful allies in strengthening the hands of
the ‘I'reasury in an effort to enforce finan-
cial discipline in the economy.

When the two institutions started
major policy-based lending in Kenya in
1980, the country was faced with acute
balance of payments problems which the
Bank and the Fund believed were caused
by ever increasing public expenditures,
poor budgetary policies and misplaced
priorities. Huge expenditures had led to a
situation whereby the overall budgetary
deficit rose to an equivalent of 9.6 per cent
of the Gross Domestic Product 1980/81,
and an overall credit expansion to 17 per
cent of the stock of money and quasi
money at the start of the fiscal year.-'‘I'he
budget deficits had pushed the prices of
goods and services high, compared to
prices abroad and the competitiveness of
exportable goods abroad had weakened
while imports were favoured because they
were cheaper at local currency prices. As a
result the Bank and the Fund proposed


RURAL PROJECTS BENEFIT FROM COMPUTER FIRM DONATION

Harare THE HERALD~in English 16 Oct 86 p 1

[Text]

MAJOR rural development projects yesterday’
benefited from a $1 million gift from NCR, a
computer company, which waz handed to the

Deputy Prime. Minis-
ter, Cde Simon Muze-
nda,

‘The cheques were pre-
sented to the director of:
the Zimbabwe field office |
of Save the Children.
(US), Mr Jacques Wil-
more; Mrs Lucile Tho-
mas, a resident represen-
tative of Africare in Zi-;
mbabwe and a represen-;
tative Of the Adventist!
Development and Relief
Agency, Mr Cliff Patter-.
son, of the Eastern Afri-
ea Division,

Save the Children (US)
received $850000 to re-
settle 80 to 100 youths on
& large-scale, commercial
farm, Mere state, in
Marondera, which was
bought . by Government
and given to the organi-
sation. .

The organisation also
wants to build a rural

19317
CSO: 3400/246

agricultural and tech-
ancy centre at the
estate to help neighbour-
ing small-scale farmers-
+ The Seventh Day Ad-
ventist\ Chureh got
$300 000 of which: $200 000
will be spent on finishing
Solusi College in Matabe-
Jeland South, NOR. has
been involved with this
college for sometime, The
other $100000 goes to-
wards an. education trust
fund to provide bursaries
for promising students at
the

Africare, which receiv-
ed $350000, will use
$100000 for drilling five
boreholes at primary
school in Masvingo where
lack of rainfall has sever-

eky hampered
with-production projects,
‘The other $250 000 will go
towards an extra lecture
room and equipment for
a youth training centro ‘by:
Manicalend.

50

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE


"Mr Van Wachem does, however, stress the need for urgent change within South
Africa. He says: "I therefore support the call made by John Wilson and other
business leaders in South Africa for the SA Government to release all politi-
cal prisoners, to.end the ban on political organisations, to stop detention
without trial of community and union leaders, and others, and to begin the
process of negotiation about the future with representatives of all South
Africans."

Mr Wilson continued: "Since this letter was issued, nothing has changed. to
alter the view of the Shell Group. Shell has been in South Africa for over
70 years, and looks forward to a long continued existence in this country.

"The speech made by me to senior managers of Shell in SA, which was quoted
extensively in the DAILY TELEGRAPH, and by a number of other newspapers, was
delivered on August 4, 1986 at an internal conference. The purpose of these
meetings was to inform Shell employees of the international pressures being
faced by the group, and of the possible ramification thereof. It is regret-
table that certain portions of that speech and its spirit and intent have
been somewhat misconstrued. At no stage have I nor the Shell.Group threat~
ened the SA Government with disinvestment. There was no suggestion in my
speech or in any other statements made on behalf of Shell of change, or else.

"Clearly, however, if the group's financial performance is. significantly
impacted, then in the words of Mr Van Wachem, the group would be faced with a
very unhappy choice.

"I made it clear to staff at. that conference that the survival of Shell in
South Africa depended. to a large degree on the actions of the company.in the
SA environment. I also made it clear that the company unequivocally condemned
apartheid, and that it was committed to doing all it could to bring an end

to this system," Mr Wilson said. "Far from being a warning to government,

my speech was a salutory reminder to the employees of Shell SA that the con-
tinued existence of the company in this country depended on:their adherence
to the company's stated principles and values, those of non-discrimination and
non-racialism in all our operations.

"It is my company's belief that the. maintenance of a Shell presence. in SA
can contribute substantially to providing change and to creating a viable and
prosperous economy in a. post-apartheid era. We pelieve that we have a very
real role to play in developing the leaders and skilled manpower which this
country desperatély needs. We have no intention ot abandoning ship when

we intend to do what we can ‘to improve the quality.of life for ‘the community
which has supported us so loyally ‘for over 70 years," Mr Wilson said.

16662
cso: | 3400/243

92


JPRS-SSA-86~-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

OUKASIE RESIDENTS REJECT FORCED REMOVAL--Forced removals are still taking
place in South Africa,. At a meeting today at the Oukasie township near Brits
residents rejected government plans to move them to a new. settlement. Con-
stitutional Development and Planning Minister Mr Chris Heunis announced last
week that Oukasie was being abolished and said its 10,000 residents must move
to Lethlabile, a new town about 25 km away. An Oukasie. community leader
said that residents" move to the new settlement. must be a voluntary one.
Civil rights groups have slated Mr Heunis' decision, saying it is reversal of
the government promise last year to stop the forced removal of black people.
Mr Heunis said Oukasie was unhygienic and would be too costly to upgrade.
Community leaders dispute that, saying the real reason for the decision is

to clear the way for a.new whites-only suburb in the area. [Text] [Umtata
Capital Radio in English 1600 GMT 19 Oct 86 MB]  /6662

'TOTAL' SCHOOL BOYCOTT IN. PORT ELIZABETH-~Port. Elizabeth Oct 18 SAPA-~A ‘spokes~
man of the Department of Education and Training [DET] said today there had
been widespread boycott of classes in Port Elizabeth black schools over the
past three weeks. Mr Peter Mundell, DET liaison officer, said the boycott

was "total," adding it was "pointless to leave the schools open." A number

of black schools in the country have been shut down due to class boycotts this
year. Pupils demand the unconditional. release of detained teachers, with-
drawal of troops from school premises and the postponement of year end exams,
before the situation is resolved. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English

0938 GMT 18 Oct 86 MB]  /6662

PAC WELCOMES UNION UNITY~-The Pan Africanist Congress of Azania welcomes the
unity initiative last week between the Council of Unions of South Africa
and the Azanian Congress of Trade Unions, the PAC secretary for labour,

Cde Ngila Muendane, has said. "Workers in Azania form the backbone in the
struggle for national emancipation and it is, therefore, even more important
that they should unite to brace themselves for the long struggle that is
before us." Cusa and Azactu are trade union federations with 22 labour
union affiliates throughout South Africa. Cde Muendane said the PAC was
happy that many of the unionists who attended current unity talks between
the two federations had been able to do so despite considerable pressure and
threats by the regime. "The PAC is with you at the unity talks as we draw
inspiration from your deliberations and foresight," he said. [Text]

[Harare THE HERALD in English 6 Oct 86 p 5] /9317

71



SANCTIONS LEAD PORTS TO GEAR UP FOR INCREASED TRAFFIC

Harare THE HERALD-in English 17 Oct 86 p 8

[Text]

DAR BS SALAAM.

sanctions

Africa,’ Tanzania~ is:
marshalling resources to
gear up for an upsurge ja
traffic from

states seeking aiternative’
routes to the sea,

‘South Africa's white
minority government has
‘threatened. to blockade its
neighbours who depend
on its ports and railways.

Botswane, Zambia and '
Zimbabwe, whose,
traditional trade routes
for the bulk of tleir ex-
ports are through South
Africa, would be the
worst hit by Pretoria’s
retaliatory blockade.

Top level government
delegations from the
three countries recently
visited Tanzania to ¢x-
plore the technical pos-
sibilities of  re-1 :
traffic through the coun-

try’s ports.

Tanzania has sought
technical and financial
assistance to enable its
porta and railway system
to cope with the expected
increase in traffic,

“We have been ,con-
tacting friendly countries
and international organ-
isations, and we have,
througn diplomatic chan-
aels, tried to indicate to
them our needs," Tan-
zania’s deputy minister cf
Communications and
Works, Cde Arcado
Ntagazwa, said.

Although he is con-
fident that the donors
will eventually help, Cde

says “they

Ntagazwa :
have indicated that it

may take some time”.

Tf Pretoria closes her
ports to neighbouring
states, the volume of
traffic handled by Tanza-
nian ports would increase
by two million tonnes a
year, the ‘director of

munications and Works,
Cde Abisai Tembea said.

‘The Tanzanian Ports of
Dar es Salaam, Tanga,
and Mtwara can handle
four million tonnes a.
year, but are now opera-
ting at only 50 percent
capacity, he said.

Cde Temba attributes/
the low tonnage to poor!
handling facilities at the’
ports, including ware-
houses and wharfs.

“We feet et there is
no reason i an
increase in or
capacity of the ports,”
Cde Temba said.
“Whatever measures we
undertake now will last
as long as apartheid

port will be refurbished
at a cost of US$91 mil-
Hon.

by the International De-
velopment Association, in-

32

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

TANZANIA

shipmant centre of
Mbeya,.on the Tarzania-
Zambia Raiway ‘Author-

opinion ot
Malawi freight forwar-
ders, the southern route
via South Africa is
longer but quicker and.
mere competitive when.

. compared to Dar es Sa-

laam,” Cde Mutungi said.

In addition. the Tanza-
nian customs de]
requires Malawi agenis
to pay a security bond on
all img varying:
tween 00 and 300 per-
cent of import duty, Cde
Muturgi said.

The TFFA chairman
said cargo agents from
neighbouring countries
who use the Dar es Sa-
jaam ‘port. com-
plained ofa shortage ot

rail, wagons on both the
‘Tazara line ard the cent-
ral raiiroad.


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

Along South African Border

Harare THE HERALD in English 8 Oct 86 p 5

[Text]

THE Beit’ Bridge
‘police station on the
banks of the Limpopo
River is responsible
for the policing of the
.824km long border
with South Africa.

The total area. covered
by the Beit Bridge polics
station stretches 134km
to.the east of the town,
100km to the west, 110
to the north-east and 75
km to the north. The pop-
ulation of the area is
about 84 000.

‘The officer-in-charge
at Belt Bridge is Chief
Inspector Misheck
Zvamashakwe with 90
policemen under him, 21
of them stationed at the
area’s two other police
posts: 11 at Makado and’
10 at Chituripas!, and the
rest at Beit Bridge.

Chief Inspector
Zvamashakwe said that
one of the major prob-
lems the police face in
the area of operation is
the language barrier.

He said: “The people of
this’ area and those on
the South African side
speak .Venda and Changa-
ni languages which are
very difficult to under-
stand. At the moment we
tiave only about three
policemen who can trans-
late for us.

“Many Venda and
Changani young men are
coming to report here to
join the police force but
we refer them to Bula-
wayo. We wish they can
be posted here after their
draining.” ——

‘The other. problem, “is
that ~many people feel
that police stations and
posts are too distant,
while the police feel that
there is a great shortage
of the appropriate police
vehicles for the rough
roads of the area.”

Murder and rape are
the major crimes that
police in Bett Bridge have
‘been observing recently.

According -to Inspector
Willlam Chinembirl, Of-
ficer-In-Charge of crime
at Beit Bridge Police Sta-
tion, an average of four
murders or attempted
murders or four rape
eases occur every month.

Be said: “Most of our
murder cases result from
peer drinks. Some alleged
murderers are also mur-;
dered sometimes.” i}

‘An average of 30 to 40!
house breaking cases are’
registered in the area
every month in an area
overing about 300km,
that is from Chikwara-
kwara in the east to West
Nicholson in the west.

Since November 1985,
South Africa has been de-
porting Zimbabweans

44

who crossed the border tl--
legally, mostly in 1979
and 1980.

Inspector  Chinembirt
said about the deportees: :
“An average of 150 to
200 are deported every
month, .In the past, we
never prosecuted them,
but since November 1985,
we began to prosecute
them as a- way to deter
them trom illegally cros-
sing into South Africa,
The deterrent is working
since the faces of the de-

a ee!

from South Africa are

ine othe criminals the
ige police have

had to deal with lately.

Inspector Chinembiri

himself has made. many

arrests.

“On the fifth of July, I
arrested a truck driver.
who had smuggled a
photostating machine
worth about $3. 000.
Further investigation.

revealed that the man’
was also wanted = in
Harare for questioning.
on other matters,” In-
spector Chinembiri said.

But the other smugg-
Jers are locals in the area
and some from Harare
who slip into South
‘Africa, at various illegal
points to buy items that
they come to sell back in
Zimbabwe at Inflated
prices.



JPRS-SSA-86-113

13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

AIR ZIMBABWE TRAINS BLACK PILOTS AS CAPTAINS, OFFICERS

Harare THE HERALD~in English 16 Oct 86 p 1

{Text ]

/9317

“trainin;

AIR ZIMBABWE is train-
@ number of black
Pi ote os captains and first
officers on. the
and the Viscount in a
programme aimed not
only at redressing racial
imbalance but also at
bringing the airline’s pilot

complement up to the
establishment.

rer’s captain’s course for
the 737. Cde Ray-
mond Mukahanana ‘will
accompany. him for train-
ing ag a 787 first officer.
The airline also hag

blacks
tain Alex
737 First Officer Obert
Mazinyi — to Britain for
i ag 787 captains
in next year,

At the same time AZ
is recruiting five black

CSO: 3400/246

pilots from within the
country as first officers.
[Zour wilt be drawn from
Government and Govern-
ment-1

related: organisa-
tions, and negotiations are
in progress for the four
to be cleareg for employ-
ment with ‘AZ,
‘The fifth is a Zimba-
bwean flying on locust

control operation in Za-.

mbia.
‘At the same time the

, this .
non-white pilot, the re-

cently checked out Cap-
; tain Robin Thomas who
| Ge “cimbative* syundton
| of babwe n
leader, is soon ta be
checked out as a flight
instructor to help with

49

the training programme
which is to ‘be’ introduced

‘The ‘AZ manager (fly-:
ing, operation), Cde Char-:
Jes Samuriwo, said that’
two other black pilots —;
first officers Muzenda and‘
Nkomo — will be helped’
to get their air transport)
pilot’s licences so they’
can, fall into the normal)

. jon ladder. 1

Air Zimbabwe has re-'
cently suffered a drain;
of experienced pilots with;
a number having retired
while others have left for’
greener pastures, mostly;
{n Saudi Arabla and Hong |
Kong. Two others have!
‘peen poached by Affre-'
tair, the national cargo
line. .

‘The training of Capt
Kuuya and First Officer
Mukahanana by Boeing
in Brussels ig an indica-
tion that AZ might be
going to buy Boeing air-
craft as such training is
normally part of a pur-
chase package.



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986
Along Zambia, Mozambique Borders

Harare THE HERALD in English 8 Oct 86 p 5

[Text]

INSPECTOR Napier
Jayaguru is the Offi-
cer-In-Charge at the
Gurwve Police Station
which polices an area
with a population. of

‘The Guruve police area’
stretches 200km to the
north of Guruve, 65 km
south, 50km east, and
90km west, with police |
posts. at Mahuwe,
Mashumbt Pools, Ka-:
nyemba on the Zaml i
River at the border. with |
Zambia and Mozambique.
Aeeacauta, 60km west |
of Guruve, there is @
police base which will
goon be transformed into
a police post.

‘The Guruve police’ area '
consists of communal,
commercial, small-scale
farming areas with one-
third of the area going to
game. parks. The prob-
Yems experienced in the;
area by police are largeiy.
those that occur in fat-
ming communities and
game reserves,

According to Inspector
Jayaguru, there is an
average of three murders
.a month and about the
same for rafe cases in-
volving young females.

The murders are
mostly trom domestic
disputes.

“fhe people here are
short - tempered. When
tempers rise either be-
tween husband and wife
or between friends.
pounding poies, knobker-
ries, stones and _ bricks
are the weapons that are
used in fights that break
out and end usually with:
gomeone kailed,

/9317
CSO: 3400/248

“In the coming season,
when the vegetation 18
green, five to six young
females are raped in
month on their way from’
school or from shopping
centres,” said Inspector
Jayaguru ino recent
interview. :

‘Me inspector said that
the crimes are committed
by locals and the arrest
rate is about 90 percent.

In Guruve growth point
alone, there are only 86
policemen, 47 constables,
‘eight patrol officers,
eight sergeants, two sec-
tion officers and 20 auxil-
lary constables.

But an occurrence that

‘ Inepector
Jayaguru mostly ig that.
of sudden death that is

ipping the Guruve area
as it develops into
economy. “

Inspector. Jayaguru
said: “We are beginning)
to register over a hun-;
dred suicides in a year.
especially during the: har-'
vest season, when mostly
husbands fail to come
pack home witn the
cheques for crops sold at
the marketing boards, the
disappointed wives

_ an insecticide to ill

themselves,

“But then suicide {s not
a crime, therefore there
is nothing that ‘the police
can do but take the body
of the deceased to the
doctor for an autopsy,
and then to the magis-
trate for a death cer-
tificate.”

But the district hos-
pital at Guruve growti
point has no _ doctor.
‘There is one doctor who
visits the hospital once 2
week and is stationed at
Myvurwi.

About a third of the
Guruve area is being in-

45

habited by animals, it is
hard to track down
poachers — who are
mostly Zambians. ‘

Inspector Jayaguru
said that Safari hunters
usually give the most rel-:
jable information about.

to the police
and parks patrols.

The Kanyemba police)
post on the Zambezi, ati
the border with Zambia
and Mozambique — will:
soon be equipped with ai
boat to help police!
patrol the Zambezi from:
GEE, order post |

ju border. post,
said Constable George}
Gonzo, who is acting’
member-in-charge at)
Kanyembe Police post. |

Sergeant Russia Neube:
is the member-in-charge'
at the Mahuhwe Police’
post .in the Dande area,’
stretching 110km to the!
north-east at Chidodo, on |
the Mozambican border,
and 20km to the south,
at Bakasa and 15km to
the west at Mashumbi,
and 40km to the north
at Gonono,

Sergeant Ncube said:
“The outstanding crimes

this area are assault, .

carpment (Zambezi).”

Fish smugglers who do
mot have licences are ar-
rested, averaging about
15 a month. They trans-
port their fish on the
buses. ¢

‘The assault cases

mostly on the buses. The
accidents result from
sharp bends on the es-
carpment and lack of suf-
ficient vehicle brakes,
Sergeant Neube said.



Mr Mentor, his seconder and the proposer and seconder of the original motion
would be given the floor.

A Witbank delegate, the Rev D. Bantom, said he had three grown-up children and
lived in an area which had no facilities such as those on the peninsula and it
cost him R2500 in travel expenses alone to get them to the University of the
Western Cape. "People here who have decided on the future of our children are
people who have already arrived at their future," he said. "Our children are
still on their way, while they are already there. Many of them have children
who are not even at school yet, how can they speak in the same class as us who
have heavy financial burdens to bear?"

Mr Mentor said he was forced to send his child to a private institution, even
though he couldn't afford it.

Mr Mentor said: "I think of that vast majority who cannot afford it and has
no option under these circumstances but to send their child out to work." He
then moved that, since educationis an irreplaceable asset of the youth as
preparation for a worthy adult life;

--"And since boycotts at schools and other educational institutions are general-
ly accompanied by large-scale intimidation which deprives those who wish to
continue their studies unhindered of that freedom and right;

--"And whereas mainly the poor and defenceless are hit hardest as they cannot
afford to send their children to private schools;

--"And whereas many children and young people's school and study careers are
frequently ruined by boycott actions;

--"And whereas discipline is undermined by these actions and is threatened to
be destroyed;

--"And whereas educational standards will of necessity be lowered by the disrup-
tion of classes and undermining of discipline:

“The synod decides:

--"That the decision of October 3, 1986 on stayaway action at schools and other
educational institutions is revoked;

--"That the synod rejects totally the disruption of teaching programmes at
schools and other institutions; and that

--"The synod underlines the need for an educational system which is acceptable
to the entire population."

The proposer of the original motion, the Rev Pieter Fourie of Witteberge and

his seconder, the Rev Chris Loff of Phillippi, argued that a condemnation by
the church would cut off communication with the youth and close all avenues of

74


JPRS-SSA-86-115
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NRP LEADER SUTTON DISCUSSES PARTY'S FUTURE
MBO081605 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1519 GMT 8 Oct 86

[Text] Bloemfontein, 8 Oct, SAPA--The New Republic Party [NRP] was "a policy
looking for a party," its leader, Mr Bill Sutton told the party's Free State
Congress in Bloemfontein today. He was speaking to a motion which entailed that
the new constitutional dispensation negotiated at the Natal Indaba would form
the basis for amendments to the NRP's policy. "We are still a policy looking
for a party. Success in the Indaba might well provide us with that vehicle,"
he said.

Inkatha, with whom the negotiations were initiated, was in the forefront of the
struggle with the African National Congress and the South African Communist
Party, he said. "We are a secondary target for the ANC and its internal support-
ers, like the UDF...and whatever we can do to assist Inkatha in its struggle is
vital to us all."

For that reason the NRP would not allow its present policy to stand in the way

of negotiated change. "I am firmly of the opinion that both parties will stand
or fall by the outcome of the discussions," Mr Sutton said. If the Indaba proved
to be a mere academic exercise it would benefit nobody, but an accord reached by
negotiation would require change from all the participants, including the govern-
ment which "sat like a sphinx" during the discussions.

Regarding press speculation that the NRP should disband and throw its weight
into another camp, he said the number of votes attained in the Pinelands (3600)
and Claremont (800) by-elections in September were evidence that the party still
had loyal voters. Disbanding when the Indaba was about to bring about fruitful
proposals as an alternative to nationalist voters would be "stupid" and "a dis-

> South Africans of all groups," he said. The NRP was an opposition
party. It offered an alternative in filling the gap between the old republic,
with its Westminister parliament, and the new republic with its "groups-
parliament."

It held that confederation should take place between the homeland governments
and the South African Government. It also held that federation should exist
between the whites, coloureds and Indians who were already in Parliament, and
that a "fourth house" should be formed for non-homeland blacks. Mr Sutton said

84


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

INDIA TO LEND FUNDS--From New Delhi comes a report that India has agreed to
give Zambia a 77 million kwacha loan for raw materials, consumer goods, and
small scale industry products. According to minutes signed between India
and Zambia last night, 51 million kwacha will be available for buying goods
and machinery under the normal terms and conditions of suppliers' credit
extended by the Indian financial institutions. The other 25 million kwacha
credit will be used to buy the industrial raw materials and consumer goods.
Prime Minister Kebby Musokotwane is on a.10-day official visit to India.
[Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 24 Sep 86 MB] | /6662

ANGOLAN REFUGEES BEING MOVED-~An exercise is under way to evacuate Angola
refugees living with the local populace in border areas of Zambezi District,
and move them to Maheba and (Muyukoyiso) refugee camps in Solwezi and Kaoma
respectively. Zambezi District governor, Major Safestus Munanungu, disclosed
this in an interview with the Zambia New Agency from Solwezi. Major Munanungu,
who did not say why the refugees were being evacuated from the district, also
said authorities want the areas to be free of refugees. There are about 3,000
refugees living in the border areas of Zambezi District. He said expenses for
evacuating the refugees would be borne by the UN High Commission for Refugees.
[Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 16 Oct 86 MB] /6662

cso: 3400/229

39



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 NOVEMBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
ANGOLA
Briefs
Savimbi Asks EEC Aid
Recent FAPLA Offensives Reported
BOTSWANA

Country Described as Success Story in Africa
(John D'Oliveira; THE STAR, 30 Sep 86) ..

ETHIOPIA

Briefs
WFTU Board Membership

GHANA

Road, Bridge Construction Projects
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Sep 86) ...sceccesececececececs

Briefs
Cocoa Prices Announced
Egyptian Cotton Experts
Muslims Get New Executives
Plight of Refugees at Fadama

KENYA

1987 FRG Financial Assistance Announced
(Henry Chui; THE KENYA TIMES, 7 Oct 86) ...ececsececcccveve

Budget Rationalization Causing Rifts With Donor Nations
(FINANCIAL REVIEW, 29 Sep 86) ccceccccccccccccccecccsscucce

ae

AAAR


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA
METAL, ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES STILL IN DOLDRUMS
Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 30 Oct 86 p 3
[Article by. David Furlonger]
[Text]
REAL recovery’ remains a long, dustry by cutting off its growth area.
way off for the metal and engi-. Ferrosalloy producers ‘who record-
neering industries. ‘ ed positive volume growth in 1985,.
._ Seifsa — the Steel and Engineering: continued the trend this year. The
Industries Federation:— said orders industry anticipated that export vol,
“in the first half of this year were umes would. be able to match. the ..
unsatisfactory, cut-price tendering; satisfactory 1,5-million tons of 1985.
was damaging profitability in the The other sector to perform with
constructional and heavy engineering credit was electrical machinery,
sectors, and rising costs of materials which held production at last year’s
were damaging competitiveness, lo- levels. wo
cally and on export markets. Other areas had a: miserable six
In its review of the first half of months. Transport equipment fell
1986, Seifsa said: “In addition, the rel- 17,9%, non-ferrous metals 7,4%, met-
atively large degree of spare capa- al products, constructional and heavy
city as exists in many sectors of the engineering 5,5%, and non-electrical
overall economy continues to inhibit machinery 2%.
investment in any new capital equip- The report. said constructional
ment. engineering, metal fabricating and
_ “Together with the threat of sanc- shipbuilding all showed little sign of
tions on exports, these constitute early recovery. Despite tentative
more factors impeding meaningful signs of an upturn in the economy as a
recovery in the metal and engineer- whole, domestic under-demand for
ing industries. . steel and fabricated metal products,
Compared to the corresponding machinery and transport equipment
1985 period, these industries recorded would continue for the rest of the
a 2,4% production volume increase year. Any respite through exports
between January and June, against a ‘was, threstened | by sanctions.
1,3% increase for the manufacturing Trying to instil a note of optimism, «
industry as a whole. the report said: “There are some
Export-supported iron and steel prospects that a general: broadening
producers achieved an average 9% of economic recovery will stimulate
ain. Steelmakers, in particular, demand for consumer durables and
found local demand weak and the hasten the expected positive turn-
report expressed concern at the ef- around in the inventory cycle in the
fect sanctions would have on the in- mining and manufacturing cycles,”
19317

CSO: 3400/228

102


[Hani] I have referred to the grenade units, grenade groups inside the coun—
try. I have referred to units armed with MK and pistols engaging the enemy.
There are two sides to the question you have raised. There are units which
are well-trained MK units, engaged in battles in the different parts of our
country. Units, for instance, the recent example of that old unit commanded
by the late comrade, Comrade (Xongi Mulapa) in the East Rand. I am referring,
for instance, to units around Pretoria (Maboakwale), (Wintersrand), units
responsible for eliminating that which are [words indistinct].

They are units which carried out a much more effective operation eliminating
the strong men of the puppet government in Kwandebele [words indistinct].
There are these units which have been carrying out consistent actions against
installations in Durban, these are what. you would call crack units of Umkhonto,
well-trained. On the other hand, we have got some units which have been
trained inside the country by our comrades of Umkhonto We Sizwe. After under-
going this training, these units are equipped with grenades, are equipped
with AKs in order to harass the enemy as it moves into the townships. These
are the units which we can refer to as the combat units, as the people's defense
units. We have got a program now which we are tackling with all the vigor,
training these units on the ground and équipping them in order to engage. the
police. In order to make the movement of the police and the army very, very
difficult and in order to sustain the momentum of the struggle, to inspire
our people with morale, to make our people feel that it is not only the enemy
which has got the monopoly of violence, of using modern weapons, and that we
are beginning in a way to master this very difficult process of equipping
ourselves with weapons and of acting against. the enemy using modern weapons.
In other words a process of moving away, though we shall never move away
completely, from the sole use of petrol bombs and stones. In other words, we
are beginning to introduce an element of sophistication in the people's war
against the enemy.

[Announcer] And so what would be your advice to these defense units as
commissar of the People's Army in order for them to strengthen ‘themselves and
to spread the people's war?

[Hani] Well, the advice of our army, of Umkhonto We Sizwe, to these people's
defense units which are beginning now to grow and spread ‘throughout the coun-
try is that the most important thing is to get weapons. Now the question will
arise: Where should they get. weapons? We are trying our best to send weapons
inside the country. But it is virtually unthinkable that we are going to be
able to arm literally millions of young people who are ready to take on the
enemy.

Qur people must understand that they are their own liberators, and ‘that they
are going to play the most decisive part in the armed struggle against the
racist regime. Therefore, what should be the-main priority? The main priority,
surely should be for our youth, for: our people, their units, for the combat
units, for the defense units that our people have created to grab weapons from
the enemy. Allow me to elaborate. That regime which is relying [words
indistinct] solely on violence is arming the entire white population to defend
apartheid. The regime is overstretched. It is maintaining the. most. extreme
form of repression seen for many years. The same regime is occupying Angola.

62


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

THREE COMPANIES MERGE TO LOCALIZE NATION'S MOTOR INDUSTRY

Harare THE HERALDTM(Busisiess) in English 16 Oct 86 p 1

[Article by Lynda Loxton]

[Text]

“Tradexs..announced this;

week that they had ac- |

‘quired the shares of Zim-!

19317

bsbwe Motor  Invest-/
ments, thereby giving |
them a, controliing inter-:
est in Nissan. j
They have bought up
the 80 percent sharehold-:
ing in Zimbabwe Motor
Investments _ previously
held by Swiss-based:
Inter iAfrique Enterprises;
and the 20 percent share-:
holding locally-held by
Mashonaland Holdings:
for an undisclosed sum.
The minority shareholder’
in Nissan Zimbabwe ix:
Kenning Holdings.

Following this move;'
the head of TA‘s motor
and transport division,

cso: 3400/251

‘vestments. AMC is part
of the TA group,

je; Mr Honor Mbkushi.
while the other board:
members = Mr Clement
Togwe, ive
nge and Mr Gunter Ptzas.

Mr Togwe, who is also
managing director of
Zimitra, has been ap-
pointed cahirman of a
management committee
of Zimbebwe Motor In-
vestments,

Mr Cannon said this
week the takeover foliow-
ed the announcement by
the Ministry of Industry
and Technology of the re-
forma the (Government
was planning for the
motor industry and the
new role envisaged for
the country’s three as-
sembly plants —- now

called “vertically inte-
grated companies” or
VICa. .

48

It’ was therefore ‘ de-
signed to fit in with the
Government's stated aims,

He said that while the
industry was going
through a difficult period,
the companies concerned
felt that, by associating
themselves with the pro-
posed reforms, they would
also be taking realistic
steps to ensure their
long-term participation

@ Mashonaland Holdings
chairman, Mr ‘Terence
Hardy, admitted in his
annual report earlier this

group”
be pul-

that time, however, the
leading contender was
Leyland (Zimbabwe),
which had put the offer to
the foreizn investments
committee. Obviously, the
local offer was more at-
tractive to the author!-
tion.


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

INSTITUTE PAPER WARNS OF EFFECTS OF SANCTIONS
MB171023 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0952 GMT 17 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg, Oct 17, SAPA--Successful sanctions against South Africa
were likely to cause poverty and hardship for generations to come, the South
African Institute of International Affairs said today. In a paper published
by the institute, Dr Brian Dollery, a senior economics lecturers at Rhodes
University, also said it was "pure wishful thinking" that the end of apartheid
alone would solve the social and developmental problems of the country.

Dr Dollery said the idea that investment could be cut off and then resumed
without serious long-term implications "runs in the face of reality."

"Should political impediments be placed on the flow of funds from abroad, the
economic environment is likely to deteriorate to the point where. it cannot
attract new investment even when the. political constraints are removed. at
some future date. In sum, it is incumbent on those who. advocate disinvestment
to reflect that, should such a strategy ever ‘be effectively implemented, it
is likely to visit poverty and hardship on generations of people not yet even
born,” Dr Dollery said.

A number of South Africa's neighbours ‘were in the same plight, he said.
Rhodesia, for example, had been denied foreign funds under the Smith govern-
ment. Since independence, virtually no private foreign investment had been
made in Zimbabwe.

Dr Dollery said a number of serious misconceptions. existed about the political
economy of South Africa. It was. believed in some quarters that South Africa
had a modern, developed economy capable of providing a Western standard of
living for all its citizens and. that apartheid kept this from becoming a
reality. However, South Africa, with a per capita income of R3,316, was a
middle-income economy that remained heavily reliant on the export of primary
commodities in very competitive world economies.

"It is pure wishful thinking to assume that the demise of apartheid will, in

itself, provide solutions to the various problems of development. Moreover,
fanciful notions of a restructured economy and the implementation of a

97



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

MALI

CABINET RESHUFFLE, NEW PM POST ASSESSED
Dakar AFRICA in French Aug-Sep 86 pp 25-27
[Article by Saouti Haidara: “Where Is Moussa Traore Going?"]

[Text] The ministerial reshuffle which took place in Bamako at the beginning
of June greatly resembled a smooth purge. The four most influential person-
alities in the government saw their portfolios taken away from them. Among
them, three ministers of state: General Amadou Baba Diarra, the irremovable
second-in-command for 18 years, who was in charge of the plan; Mr Oumar
Coulibaly, who had the reputation of being the man who knew the most about the
public finances of Mali after having managed the state portfolio for 12
consecutive years before being appointed to head State Enterprises; and finally,
Mr Djibril Diallo, the first Malian "Centralist" who, after a noteworthy
transfer to the general directorship of the RCFM [Mali Railroad Administration]
had enjoyed a dazzling promotion when he was entrusted with the Ministry of
Industrial Development and Tourism.

The fourth outgoing personality is Mr Alioune Blondin Beye, who has enjoyed
exceptional longevity (8 years) at the head of Foreign Affairs and Interna-
tional Cooperation, a high-risk department. The official explanation given
regarding these departures is the impossibility of carrying out government
responsibilities as well as those inherent to membership in the BEC [Central
Executive Office], the ruling authority of the single party, the Democratic
Union of Malian People (UDPM).

In reality, one cannot help but to see a link with the campaign which is
currently raging in the entire country against "corruption, nepotism, absen-
teeism, and illicit enrichment."

The starting point of this campaign was the fourth meeting of the National

Council--the ruling authority between the two UDPM congresses. This meeting
was dominated by two key questions: the moralization of public life and the
search for a new dynamic to inspire the party by means of a national charter.

The secretary general of the party, General Moussa Traore, thus range the
alarm on the "very critical" economic situation that the country is going
through, before calling on the members to help him by writing to him personally
if need be--to flush out "the corrupt and the corrupters" wherever they are,
even within his own entourage.

22


JPRS-SSA-86~113
13 November 1986

LESOTHO

BRIEFS

FORENSIC LABORATORY SET UP-~Mbabane~-A former South African police forensic
expert has been appointed as pathologist for the Swaziland Police. Dr
David Berson will establish Swaziland's first police forensic laboratory
at police headquarters in Mbabane. It will alleviate delay in drug and
other trials caused by having to send samples to South Africa for analysis.
Swaziland has been without a pathologist since the death last year of the
former government pathologist, Dr M. Khare. Dr Berson has been attached

to the South African Police for the past four years.--Sapa [Text]
{Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 11 Oct 86 p 13] /9317

CSO: 3400/227

18


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CAR SALES SEEN AS GOOD ECONOMIC INDICATOR
Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 24 Sep 86 p 1

[Article by David Furlonger]

[Text]
SHEEP farmers in the Karoo have ‘Wio longer. By 1985 it was lagging |
never had it so good. Maize farmers in ct i
the Western "Transvaal, on the other behind the rest of the country. The gap ,
hand, are feeling the pinch. = ' widened in the first six months of this
Car sales, long accepted as a reliable ' year and by August had increased to
economic indicator, show clearly 3%. Now, the region is becoming a .
where the Wealth is in SA today. buyer of Mazdas and Ford Lasers.
In the Western Karoo last month, ‘The picture is the same in the East-
36,3% of all new cars were sold by ern Cape, where recession and industri-,
Mercedes-Benz or BMW. In the East- | al decline have also hit sales of Mer-'
ern Karoo, the figure was 29,4%. ‘cedes and BMWs. Against a national’
The region is enjoying the start of the: combined percentage of 17,3% of all
1986 wool-buying season. Demand is: car sales in the first six months of this ,
good, prices are high — local wool is year, Port Elizabeth lagged by 2,4%
tied to international prices — and even and East London 4,1%. i
‘the recent strengthening of the rand In August, the difference was further.
against the wool basket of currencies pronounced — PE 6,1% behind«and
has failed to appreciably weaken East London 6,4%. * =
prices. . Some regions, of course, have more
It’s a different picture in the Western than their share of status symbols.-Jo-:
Transvaal, .where drought-hit maize : hannesburg, the Natal coast and interi-:
farmers are abandoning the traditional H or, Kimberley and the Far East Rand’
Mercedes in favour of down-market | are all ahead of the game. In August,
aly ear Bas cial old Ro oe
The normally cash-rich region has in alee in The ene tlle 25,6% 0}
the past enjoyed a greater proportion sales in the southern Free State were.
of luxury cars than the country as a for BMWs. ~
whole. .
19317

cso: 3400/219

101



URANIUM MINE SILENT ABOUT EFFECT OF SANCTIONS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Oct 86 p 12

[Text]

/9317
CSO: 3400/230

WINDHOEK. — The ef- '
fect, if any, of sanctions i
against South Africa on |
the Rossing uranium '
mine in “Western SWA
could not be established
yesterday.

Asked for comment, a
Rossing spokesman said
in Windhoek: “The situa-
tion in the international .
uranium market is diffi-
cult for producers, so the
less that is known by our
competitors about Ros-
sing’s markets the better
it will be for the company
and for Namibia.”

An earlier news report
quoted the mine’s assist-
ant general manager, Mr -
George Deysel, as saying |
that the strict implemen-
tation of sanctions could |
lead to the closure of the |
mine. _ i

The Rossing spokes-:
man said the possible con-
sequences of effective
global sanctions at this
stage were purely hypo-
thetical and not related to
the current practical situ-
ation.

Mr Deysel was re-
sponding to a question in
that context, he said.

30

Asked about the poss-
ible effects of the latest
United —_States-imposed

sanctions against South:

Africa, which included a

ban on uranium exports, *

the spokesman said:

“In the circumstances
we would prefer not to
comment on any trade
sanctions which have
been applied or may be
applied against South
Africa and Namibia.”

Rossing uranium mine,
generally regarded as the
world’s largest open-cast
uranium mine, employs
2.500 people in SWA.

From 1981 to 1985,
Rossing contributed 35
percent by value of all ex-
ports from the territory
and 18 percent to SWA’s
gross domestic product.

The company infused
R350 million directly and
indirectly into the SWA
economy last year.

Rio Tinto Zine has a

shareholding of 46,5 per-
cent in Rossing uranium
which has a total produc-
tion capacity of 5000
short tons annually. —
Sapa. :

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

NAMIBIA


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

POLICEMEN UNDER INVESTIGATION FOR AWB MEMBERSHIP
MB141157 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1052 GMT 14 Oct 86

[Text] Pretoria, 14 Oct, SAPA--The police directorate of public relations in
Pretoria has confirmed that the alleged Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging [Afrikaner
Resistance Movement, AWB] membership of "some" policemen, or their involvement
with the rightwing organisation's activities, is being investigated. The
investigations were on a departmental basis and regarded as an internal matter
or which no comment would be made.

In a brief statement, the directorate said the official policy that no member
of the force could be a member of the AWB was already public knowledge.

“Alleged membership or the involvement of some members with the activities of
the AWB is presently being investigated departmentally.

"Departmental investigations and/or steps against members of the force are
regarded as an internal matter on which no comment is given."

17358
CSO: 3400/223

54


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

RISE OF NUM--At least 250,000 black coal and gold miners stayed away from
work on October 1 in response to a call by the National Union of Mineworkers
for a day of mourning for the 177 victims of the Kinross gold mine disaster
of September 17. It was the country's largest work stayaway yet in any
industry with the NUM claiming that 325,000 of its members heeded the call.
A further 225,000 workers in other industries took lesser supporting action.
The NUM general secretary, Cyril Ramaphosa, said memorial services had been
held at virtually every mine where the union has a strong presence. The

six big mining houses admitted that 250,000 employees absented themselves
from, work. I.0.N.--The NUM is steadily gaining influence among black miners
and the numbers following its dictates are growing. Mr Ramaphosa is forging
a powerful weapon that will have an increasing impact on South Africa's
chief money-spinning industry. The stayaway coincided with the formation
of a Pan-Africanist Congress-orientated 350,000-stong trade union federation
in the Transvaal, merging the Council of Unions of South Africa and the
Azanian Confederation of Trade Unions in another powerful grouping that will
have an influence on the political situation. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN
OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 11 Oct 86 p 5] /9317

CSO: -3400/250

72


and urged him to follow through with his actions and to clean out the gangrene
which was eating away at the social body.

But the president preferred to settle into immobility, procrastination, and
vague promises without a future. In fact, he found it too risky to his own
power to attack an army that was divided, restless, and which he was not
certain that he could control. Also, it is possible that he considered it
more judicious to take advantage of the enthusiastic and unifying spirit of
the moment to create a vast popular assembly party which would serve as a base
of operations for pursuing the purification of the regime. This tactic was
never perceived clearly by the people, who saw it rather as an evasion.
Suddenly, "the man of 19 November 68 and 28 February 78" had ceased to be in
their eyes the hero who had become a legend in his lifetime to become nothing
more than a skillful praetorian who had known how to take the initiative to
neutralize the adversaries that were ready to eliminate him.

Consequently, the people chose to ignore the party that was proposed to them,
which was not far from being perceived as a new yoke to which they were to
be submitted.

To break his reticence, two congresses were held one after the other, in 1981
and 1982, under the double sign of "internal democratization" and "opening up
towards all living forces in the nation none barred." They resulted in a
complete change of all the party authorities, from the base to the top, and in
a recommendation made to the secretary general to designate a civilian prime
minister. Through this means, they nurtured the hope then of seeing the
civilians emerge from their reserve to rejoin the ranks of the party. The
names of renowned personalities from the old regime known for their moderation
had even been put forth, especially since there seemed to be a readiness to
remove the special provision in the 1974 Constitution that obstracized them
from political life for a 10-year period.

Alas, it seems that from the moment that the gulf widened between the people
and their leaders, the latters, in order to force the formers to belong to the
single party, resorted to hateful methods that were a matter of moral and
administrative repression: thus, at the present time, an honest citizen
cannot try to purchase a piece of land to live on or even, in certain cases,
provisions to feed his family if he does not have "his" party card. Likewise
he cannot aspire to a post of responsibility within the administration if he
has not given proof of his commitment and loyalty to the party.

These petty practices, which contribute to break "the revolutionary spirit of
the masses" under the old regime and moreover were decried by Moussa Traore
himself during a time when perhaps he was not thinking of creating his ow
party someday, are beginning to produce the same harmful effects within the
UDPM.

In the meantime, and in this context, one can wonder about the actual ability

of the new prime minister, Prof Dembele, to stir up things in the sense hoped
for by the chief of state.

24


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SHELL EXECUTIVE CONFIRMS ANTIAPARTHEID POSITION
Under Pressure to Leave Country
MB191150 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1138 GMT 19 Oct 86

[Excerpt] London Oct 19 SAPA--The giant Anglo-Dutch Oil Company, Shell, has
warned its workers in South Africa that it is under pressure to quit the:
country. Mr John Wilson, Shell's executive chairman iri South Africa, told his
senior executives the company must adopt an open anti-apartheid stand to
persuade the government to move faster with its reform programmes. "The
situation is not comfortable. Shell's position is not comfortable. The
threat of disinvestment is real," he said. Mr Wilson's remarks are now being
circulated in company magazines, according to a report published, here.

Shell, and other oil companies operating in South Africa, have been under
mounting pressure from anti-apartheid groups and the international disinvest-
ment campaign. "We would have difficulty in pretending that these factors
have not contributed to our stance," Mr Wilson said. Mr Wilson's warning
has been interpreted in reports here as a direct warning that Shell, the
biggest foreign oil company operating in South Africa, could be forced to
pull out unless. there is swift progress towards dismantling apartheid com-
pletely. He was. also apparently aiming at defusing opposition to Shell's
activities in South Africa by explaining the company's commitment ‘to equal
treatment for ali its 2,500 workers.

It was important, he said, that the whole staff realised the problems the
company faced. "We cannot.excuse our omissions of the past but we can try

to put them into perspective," he said. "The fact that Shell and other com-
panies failed to involve themselves in the broader political issues of South
Africa was not owing to indifference, or lack of feeling on the part of busi-
ness leaders. It was rather the notion that the political arena was something
divorced from the business world." He said business leaders had been
oblivious of the extent to which cooperation between the state and business
in fact repressed black aspirations. . "Business saw its role as maintaining
long-term growth and profitability and looked to the state to be supportive of
this goal. It is only in recent years that. business has become acutely

aware that the policies of government could, in fact, defeat that goal."

90


ROAD, BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

Accra PEOPLE'S DALLY GRAPHIC in English 29 Sep 86 p 6

[Excerpt]

19317
cso: 3400/212

THE government has so
far invested more than
3.5 billion cedis on 14
major ‘on going road and
bridge development
projects throughout the
country,

In all 17 billion cedis
have been estimated as the
total cost of these projects.

They are the Kumasi-
Tepa Junction road, Ku-
masi City’ roads,
Anyinam-Kumasi -road

vement overlay, Yapei-
Morno road ai bridge ap-
proaches and the White
Volta bridge approaches,

Others are the Axim-
Mpataba-Elubo road, Da-
boasi Junction-Takoradi
road, Yamoransa-Bekw:
road, Tepa Junction-,
Sunyant road, Accra City
roads and the Kaneshie-
Mallam main road.

‘The rest are bridges on
rivers. Ankobra, Jumoro,
‘Iture, Dadieso and Ejuso
including assembly and
steel: bridges.

‘This was disclosed by Mr
J. V. Augustt, Deputy
Chief Executive Develop-
ment Department of the
Ghana Highway Authority
at a workers durbar held in
Accra .

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

GHANA



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NGSK RESCINDS SCHOOL BOYCOTT SUPPORT
MBO80940 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0929 GMT 8 Oct 86

[Text] Cape Town, 8 Oct, SAPA--The NG Sendingkerk [Dutch Reformed Mission
Church, NGSK] synod today overturned its decision of last week supporting school
boycotts. It took its decision under review after the assessor and former
moderator, the Rev Isak Mentor, objected to the way in which voting had been
handled on October 3 and that the discussion then had inter alia not taken note
that the disruption in schools was closely linked to political and economic ac-
tions which brought about much pain, suffering and loss of life and property.
The synod voted for revision by a margin of eleven votes (221 to 210) and later
overturned its decision in favour of Mr Mentor's amendment by a margin of seven
votes (213 to 206).

This morning's revision is seen as a personal defeat for the new moderator,

Dr Allan Boesak, who read out a statement on behalf of the moderature minutes
before Mr Mentor gave notice of his revision. The statement, which Dr Boesak
later told the synod had been discussed with Mr Mentor as assessor, but which
did not have his approval, was aimed at explaining last week's decision of the
-synod,..stressing that it was. not carte blanche for any. type of student .action..
The statement also called for responsible action on the part of students within
the South African situation. On the proposal from a previous moderator, the
Rev Dawid Botha, the statement was made a decision of the synod.

Mr Mentor said he was deeply grieved at the way in which the statement had been
issued to influence the synod on an issue on which revision was pending. He
then called for the revision in terms of a five-point decision which also point-
ed out that, in taking the decision, the synod had not taken into account or
given enough weight to the fact that it was particularly the poor and defence-
less parents and children who were hardest hit by the disruption of education.
"For obvious reasons this section of the community cannot afford the time and
money the boycotts are consuming," his motion read. “Sufficient account was
also not taken of the right of parents and children who wish to make maximum
use of educational facilities." He said that although he did not want to ques-
tion the integrity of vote counters, it appeared that there were differences in
the totals given for the same blocks of delegates.

After the synod voted in favour of revision, it was decided, in view of a lack
of time (the synod is due to end at lunchtime today) that only one speaker and

73



It remained convinced of the need for education as a key instrument towards
freedom, and was happy pupils appeared to accept that priority.

Mr Van den Heever said he wanted to. make a friendly call to the Ministers
Council in the House of Reprsentatives to honour the CTPA's right to make
independent decisions.

The Ministers Council was also. asked to recognise the CTPA's status as the
"most legitimate" representative of the organised teachers profession.

16662
CSO: | 3400/245

79



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

SAVIMBI ASKS EEC AID--The leader of the UNITA movement in Angola, Dr Jonas
Savimbi, has appealed to the Angolan MPLA Government for immediate peace talks
to end the 11 years of civil war. Dr Savimbi told a-meeting of European parlia-
mentarians in Strasbourg that he needed their help'to mobilize international
opinion to bring the Angolan Government to the negotiating table with UNITA.

He said that the civil war.was in danger of destroying Angola. [Text]
[Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 22 Oct 86 MB] /6662

RECENT FAPLA OFFENSIVES REPORTED--More than. 170 UNITA bandits were killed by
FAPLA combatants stationed in Moxico Province duting September and early Octo-
ber 1986. In the offensives carried out by FAPLA, [words indistinct] and
several documents and assorted ‘war materiel were captured, including 55
AK-47's, two 60-mm mortars, thirty two 60-mm mortar. shells, and 2 anti-aircraft
missiles, [Text] [Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 17 Oct 86
MB] 6/6662

CSO: 3400/237



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COLOREDS REPORTEDLY JOIN ‘BRAIN DRAIN'
MB101017 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 9 Oct 86 p 7

[Text] South Africa's brain drain is gathering momentum, and now technically
qualified coloured people are joining their white counterparts in.the rush to
take up lucrative posts overseas.

The managing director of a prominent personnel.agency, Mr Don Jones, told THE
STAR that worldwide shortages of high. technology skills.had dramatically in-
creased the flow of this category of employee out of South Africa over the past
year.

"There has been no noticeable trend since the three recent sanctions packages
were imposed, but this will undoubtedly increase the flow and in another six
to 12 months South Africa will really start to feel the loss of these people."

Mr Jones said the political situation here was making South Africa an ideal
hunting ground for countries such as Australia, New Zealand and Britain in their
search for high tech staff for the computer, instrumentation and electronics
industries.

"What makes things worse is that South Africa is now finding it far more diffi-
cult to attract these types of people from the UK, as it has done in the past,
with the result that the imbalance is widening."

Mr Jones said while an estimated 10 to 20 percent of those who left South Africa
often returned, it would be almost impossible to train new recruits fast enough
to make up the difference.

Most of the "equal opportunity" companies in the country were training high tech
staff of all races, but not nearly enough to prevent a possible drastic shortage
within the next year.

"The response to overseas posts by South Africans in the past year had been
phenomenal. And not only in the high tech areas. We are also losing extremely
important and rare skills, actuaries and other management specialists."

17358
cso: 3400/164

77



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

VW RECOVERY REPORTED-~Fundamental changes in corporate culture have been
the key factor in Volkswagen's resurgence in SA's car market, sais MD Peter
Searle. Addressing an Institute of Personnel Management convention in
Johannesburg yesterday, he said despite appearing soundly based in the late
1970s, VW had been dragged down by a preoccupation with product, antiquitated
production facilities and inattention to staff and customers. Even a R250m
investment programme to expand and modernise plant, and improvements in VW
quality had failed to solve the problems fully. "Once the soul-searching
was over, we embarked on the thousands of small actions that have served

to place us back on the road to success. "Our market acceptance has
changed dramatically. From a lowly sixth place in 1984, we're now in
second place, and in many respects this is the most conclusive proof that
we're on the right track," Searle said. [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY
in English 3 Oct 86 p 3] /9317

MINING INDUSTRY SPENDING INCREASES-~The prosperous state of the mining indus-
try is reflected in latest capital expenditure statistics for the June
quarter, which show a 29,7% increase in spending against the same period

in 1985. [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in- English 30 Sep 86 p 3] /9317

CRB TO TAKE OVER XIDEX--The week before, it was Coca-Cola. This week it
was America's Xidex Corporation--one of the world's largest distributors

of computer tapes, discs and micro peripherals. Both are pulling out and
leaving distribution of their products to a South African company. Xidex
has impressive worldwide statistics. In duplicate microfilm it claims a
world market share of 75%, making it No 1. It also leads world producers
with 27% market share in flexible diskettes, 55% in disc packs and 70% in
“eoated discs. It ranks about third in magnetic tapes. Robert Kern,
managing director of Xidex Corporation Switzerland to which the SA company
reports, says sole South African distribution rights have been awarded to
CRB South Africa. CRB is Xidex's most successful SA distributor. Xidex's
SA general manager, Sandy Peters, will become director of marketing at
Xidex's Swiss office, with special responsibility for all of Europe and
Africa. CRB has taken over the Xidex staff in SA~-a move that will strength—
en its sales force. CRB markets data communication equipment, such as plug
compatible terminals and used computer equipment. It provides third-party
maintenance direct to users. This will still continue. In terms of the
Xidex deal it will also become wholesaler for Dysan, Xidex and Storage

103



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY VIEWS EMERGING NATIONAL MODERATION
MB080746 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 8 Oct 86
[Station Commentary: "The Coming to the Fore in South Africa of Moderates"]

[Text] Cutting through the gloom which has pervaded the political climate in
South Africa for so long are two developments this week which speak of hope
for the future. This first is the marked downward trend in unrest and violence
in the country during the past tionth. The second is the establishment by
moderate black leaders of a new nonracial political party.

Figures released by the Bureau for Information show that deaths and other unrest-
related incidents last month were the lowest since January last year, and 60 per-
cent down on the figure for June this year. The number of deaths due to unrest
last month was 28: compared with 157 in May and 161 in June. The number of
injured ‘and wounded last month was 99 compared with 560 in March.

There is only one way in which radical elements which constitute a very small
minority can be stopped in their futile revolutionary aims, and that is to be
thwarted and resisted by the vast majority of people who believe in moderation
and support for revolutionary reform. Evidence that this is now happening is
reflected in the establishment of the United Christian Conciliation Party.

This party has set itself the goal of promoting Christian values, multiparty
democracy, free enterprise without exploitation, equal opportunity, human
rights, and social responsibility. The presidency is shared at the moment be-
tween two leaders bishop Dr Isaac Mokoena, head of the 5-million strong Indepen-
dent Reform Churches Association; and Eastern Cape Township Mayor Mr Tamsanga
Linda. Membership is open to all irrespective of race, color, or creed provided
they renounce violence and abide by Christian values.

There can be no doubt that the future of South Africa does not lie in the hands
of outsiders of the radical minority, but in the hands of the overwhelming
majority of South African moderates black, white, colored, and Asian. Their
time has now come and it is their duty to grasp the opportunity with all the
determination and single-mindedness of purpose at their disposal.

A new South Africa is dawning. It will not blossom in blood and bitterness.
17358
cso: 3400/164

88


JPRS-SSA-86~113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

INKATHA OFFICIAL PROPOSES WESTERN :ANTIAPARTHEID AID SCHEME
MB191252 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1236 GMT 19 Oct 86
[Embargoed until 1700 GMT on 19 October]

[Text] Frankfurt, West Germany, Oct 19, SAPA--A radical ‘multi-billion dollar
aid plan for the West to induce the-total elimination of apartheid and poverty
in South Africa was put forward here today by the secretary~general of
Inkatha, Dr Oscar Dhiomo.

Dr Dhlomo, who is also KwaZulu's minister.of education and culture, outlined
the plan before a broadly representative symposium held by the foundation
for European and international co-operation.

It involves a highly innovative procedure whereby the South African Government
would, with explicit apartheid-eliminating provisos, be offered international
aid enabling it to offset the cost of dismantling apartheid.

The initiative, which Dr Dhlomo called. the South African Recovery Plan or
SARP, would be based on the need to ensure an annual growth rate of at least
10 per cent.

A stipulation would be that the massive Western aid should not be. construed
as a means of enabling Pretoria "to continue to waste money on ideologically
inspired fantasies like homeland consolidation."

A team of eminent representatives of the Commonwealth, the European Community
and the United States would be appointed to persuade South Africa. to begin
negotiations immediately for the establishment of a non-racial government

on the basis of equitable power sharing. Dr Dhlomo emphasised that any
suggestion of prescribing to the South African Government what form its
evolving political system should take must be avoided by the West--this was a
task for South Africans alone.

It was not possible at this stage to quantify. the cost of launching the Western
initiative. A useful benchmark. would be the European recovery programme,
funded by the Marshall Aid plan, which cost approximately 13 billion dollars
(about R28 million) between 1948 and 1951. j

H

56


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

MAZDA TO EXPAND OPERATIONS~-One of Japan's largest motor car manufacturers,
Mazda Motor Corporation, is to expand its operations in Zimbabwe. Mazda's
general manager for Middle East and Africa Division, Mr Seiji Miyaji, told
Business Herald after a tour of its Hiroshima plant that the corporation
was now negotiating expansion plans in Zimbabwe. He would not elaborate.
Mazda operates in three countries, including Zimbabwe, in Africa. Its
Zimbabwean partner is Bob's Motors. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English
(Business) 16 Oct 86 p 1] /9317

cso: 3400/246

52


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH RSA GROWING IN SPITE OF SANCTIONS

Johannesburg WEEKLY MAIL in English 26 Sep-2 Oct 86 p 11

[Text]

LESOTHO'S: new” ary
government, headed by Major-

General Justin Metsing Lekhanya, is’

coming t+ terms with ensuring the
country’s economic survival amid the
increasing threat of trade sanctions by
South Africa, :

The two countries’ economies are
closely integrated..Lesotho is a
member of- the Southern. African
Customs Union and the Rand
Monetary Union, which governs
financial flow in the sub-region. South
Africa dominates both.

Out of 300 000 foreign black
workers employed in South Africa,
nearly half (142 000) come from
Lesotho. .

They comprise 20-25 percent of the
workforce on the mines and money
sent home by Basotho migrants is
estimated to provide 50 percent of the
ross national product. .

Despite the country’s economic
dependence, former Prime Minister
Leabua Jonathan maintained an
opposition to apartheid and a
commitment to granting political
asylum to South African refugees.

Lately the policy has changed. Since
the coup last January, Lesotho has
handed over almost 200 refugees to
Tanzania and Zambia.

South Africa’s partial blockade in
January brought home the bitter truth
of its dependence on the apartheid
state. —- oo

Nine weeks after coming to power.
Lekhanya visited South Africa — one
of the few African heads of
government to do so in many years.

Talks with President PW Botha were.
preceded by ministerial contacts.

South Africas counter-sanctions
threats against its weakest neighbours.
have led to increased trade talks.
between Maseru and Pretoria.

One source estimates that every:
and spent in Lesotho is “worth 80.
cents to South Africa”. In the nearby
Free State town of Ficksburg,
commercial activity is expanding at a
rate of 30 per cent a year as a result of
cross-border business. .

One reason for Ficksburg’s boom
and the rapid acceleration of “capital
leakage” from Lesotho is the rise of.
migrant remittances following pay.
rises in the South African mines.

-Maseru’s new government
recognises the importance of this huge
capital source. Recently it warned

migrants in South Africa against
taking part in industrial action:
organised by the Congress of South
African Trade Unions (Cosatu).

Lesotho’s business community is
increasingly anxious about the
conciliatory tone of Lekhanya’s
govemment towards South Africa and
Possible negative effects on
international aid, which dramatically
increased after the 1976 uprising in
Soweto.

Jonathan carefully maintained a
militant posture in the region to
impress Lesotho’s international
creditors. Between 1966 and 1981 aid
rose from $8,6-miilion (R21,5-
million) to $48,4-million (RI21-
million), often on easy terms.

One objective of aid is ostensibly to
reduce Lesotho’s economic

14

LESOTHO


Mounted Patrols Cut Cattle Thefts

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

Harare THE HERALD in English 8 Oct 86 p 4

[Text]

“THE Mounted Section of
the Police Support Unit
hag achieved great suc-i

cess during its operations
in the past year.

Inspector John Chatiza
said in an interview that
the unit had only 22
horses. “Because of the
shortage of horses, we
share one horse between
two men for the purposes ;
of training and patrol. !
‘There ‘are 45 members in/

unit.”

The mounted section
patrols certain parts of
the country such as the
Mwenezi, Fort — Rixon,,
Filabusi, the “ Shangani
farming area and other
parts where horses are
required.

The duties of the sec-
tion consist of combating
stock theft and poaching
and it is also involved in |

More Training for Bush Patrols

anti-bandit patrols, But it
is much easier to track
stolen animals on horse
back, said Inspector
Chatiza,

One of the section's
noted success came this
year in the period be-
tween April and May. In
35 days, the mounted |
troopers, working with |
the help of . the local
Mwenezi communal ;
people, ' recovered 300
eattle that had Been |
stolen over a period of;
three years. The beasts:
were recovered in. the
Chikombedzi area.

The cattle were mostly
stolen from the surround-
ing commercial farming
area, Inspector Chatiza
said that the owners of
the stolen beasts identi-
fied their’ own stock. |

In one incident, the

Harare THE HERALD in English 8 Oct 86 p 4

(Text ]

said one
commercial farmer was
stealing cattle from hw
neighbours and sending

to a communal area
for safe keeping.

“It was a successful
operation and we ar-
rested aver 60 “accused”
Persong for poaching and
stock theft offences.”

that the police section
woulg welcome donations
of horses from anyone.
Some of the horses on
patrol are retired race
horses sold to the police
by their former owners.

“With more horses,” he
said, “we would be more
successful than in the

past.”

The police recently
bought three horse boxes
for transporting the
horses to the Shamva
training school. ~

SECTION Officer Zacheus
Chibaya, pmember-in-
charge at Shamva_ Sup-
port Unit Battle Camp,
said in an interview that.
more training is neces-
sary to cope with bush
patrols.

Section Officer Chibaya
who became the member-
in-charge of the camp in

1983, said that members:

of the unit have regular
Police training in law,
ri! and weapon
handing. Ponty
He said: “This unit
counters any civil action
against the Government

43

* such as riots, demonstra-

tions, bandits and dis-|
sidents. !

“Training in’ the Sup-
port Unit is continuous,
and members come back
for training’ at camps
several times a year.”

Members are con-
stantly on patrol with
short breaks.

Like other Support
Unit members I talked to
at the Battle Camp, Sec-
tion Officer Chibaya satd
that he especially enjoyed
the role of a Support Unit
member, of being a
policeman and a soldier
at the same time,



/9317

district hospitaly also re-
quire up-grading, for ex-
ample in Mutoko District,
the District Medical Offi-
cer's house cost more to

construct than the hospi-'

tal;

“Problems that are
still encountered include
lack of adequate water
supplies, at some health
centres, poor communica-
tions (both by road or by
telephone), staff and -hous-
ing shortages.

Some distriqis like,
UMP-Zvataida have not,
even a single ambulance.
Mest district medical of-”
ficers are either expa-
ttrlates or professionals
working on contract and
hence as temporary em-
ployees do not stay to see
most projects go through.
Clinics have been con-
constructed without ac-

areas, there ‘s 2. poor
provision of health ser-
vices.

“Thus the plan's stra:
te on the improvement
oft the health situation
in the province will have
to include; ulp-grading of
district hospitals; — re-
eruiting local doctors and
nurses; and to provide
hospitals with good water

“We would like to re-
eruit. indigenous doctors
and not depend on expa-
triate doctors who only
work for the duration of
their contract and leave.
We would also like to
build a good infrastruc-
ture with good roads, tele-
communications, water
supplies and 2 good am-
bulance service in our
hospitals, _clinics and
health centres, At the

cso: 3400/251

same time, we would like
to ensure: that the farm- :
ing “communities also :
have hospitals and clinics:
which serve them ad
quately.”

~The province so far hag;
a total of 98 clinics anc :
rural health centres and‘
15 hospitals,

On growth points, Sen-"
ator Ziyenge said that the
main aim was to have
piped water schemes at
every growth point with-
in the province, .

“We shall construct big
dams for both’ drinking
and irrigation purposes.
‘We already have two such
dams at Wedza and Mu-
toko, two. more are being’
built at Mahusekwa and
another at UMP-Zvata-
ida. We have a village:
piped water scheme under
operation at Makaha in
Mutoko and many. more:
such’ echemes are’ ta ‘be
introduced

during the
next five years,” Cde
Ziyenge said.

He said ‘that all roads:
within the province were
being, maintained und:
built through the District
Development Fund’s Rural
Road Programme. . “In
areas where no toads
existed or people were far
away. from goods and
services, new Toads are
being opened by the Dis-
trict Development Fund.”

‘The Ministry of Trans-
pert was responsible for
the maintenance of all

x le for all feeder;
roads in the districts.

_“Plang are under way
to tar the Murewa-Madi-
cheche (Pfungwe) road,
and the Seke-Zvipadze

47

Road is being tarred.”

Turning to telecommu-
nications, the governor
said that the provision of
telephone exchanges was
very important to the de-
velopment ‘of the province
as t would tacilitate
a good communication
system, At present, the
only exchanges were af
Beatrice, Ruwa, Murewa,
Mutoko and Wedza, “We
shall also introduce a
rural telecommunications
system similar to the Mu-
rombedzi type in remote:
areas like Mudzi.

“The province's major
growth points like Wedza;'
Juru; Murewa; and Ma-
‘hhusekwa had been electri-,
fled, with Mutoko's ‘elec-
‘trification nearing ¢omple-'
tion, “Hopefully, 'Muta-
watawa and Ketwa will!
be electrified before the:
end of this financial year:
and.then we proceed to’
rural, and district service:
centres.”

He said that the pro-|
vince was mainly an
tural one, with

“Transporters from
South Africa to Malawi
and vice-versa, always:
stop over at Murewa Cen-
tre, which is a fast grow-
ing growth point by any
standards, By the end of.
the year, we hope to have
tower lights erected at
the centre and eventually
at every Government in-
stitution there.”



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NGSK SYNOD VOTES FOR DIALOGUE WITH ANC, PAC, SACP
MB081146 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1138 GMT 8 Oct 86

[Text] Cape Town, 8 Oct, SAPA--The NG Sendingkerk [Dutch Reformed Mission Church,
NGSK] synod decided today that its moderature was to open dialogue with the ANC,
the PAC [Pan-Africanist Congress] and SA Communist Party [SACP]. A late motion
was put to the synod by the Rev Izak Potgieter of Vanwyksvlei on behalf of the
circuit of Amandelboom and said that the view held by the circuit was that com-
munism was becoming a general scapegoat and that closer investigation was
required. There was concern that it was possibly being used as a bogeyman to
suppress black nationalism in South Africa. In his motivation he referred to
the hysteria "when our moderator (Dr Allan Boesak) and Dr Beyers Naude appeared
under the red flag at a funeral. If we are going to such lengths to take the
Gospel into the Soviet Union, why do we get so hysterical?" The motion was
carried by 229 to 171 votes.

/7358
cso: . 3400/164

76


structura! adjustment reforms which the
government incorporated in the Sessional
Paper No.4 of 1980 that outlined the
adjustment efforts the government was to
undertake. ‘he Bank supported the
reforms with a structural adjustment loan
of US $70m and the fund provided
standby arrangements covering financial
years 1980/81, 1981/82, and subsequent
years. ‘The IMF proposed short term
policies aimed at controlling domestic
demand such as tight money supply, high
interest rates, credit restrictions, flexible
exchange rates, increased taxation, public
expenditure cuts and so on; while the
Bank proposed supply side reforms cover-
ing a wide range of measures aimed at
giving prices, markets, and the private
sector a greater role in promoting
increased porduction of goods and
services. ‘I'he World Bank reforms also
called for reduction of administrative
intervention in the setting of prices, rural
urban balance, price decontrol, removal
of marketing monopolies, removal of
import restrictions and yearly reviews of
producer prices of agricultural com-
modities.

Kenya began adopting the reforms.
‘Yoday the bank views Kenya as a
showcase for a success story on structural
adjustment in Africa. ‘I'he head of the
World Bank’s mission in Nairobi Mr.
J.W. Adams told Financial Review last
weck. One of the most contentious
issues Kenya had to deal with was the
adoption of flexible exchange rate policy.
From 1983, the fixed exchange rate was
abolished and the government decided
that it would, ‘henceforth, adjust the
exchange rate periodically, taking into
account movement in relative prices in
the country and its main trading partners,
the country’s balance of payments needs,
and the movements in key international
currencies. And unlike in the past when
the government undertook to adopt
reforms in the immediate period after the
1978 oil prices but later abandoned them
as soon as the coffee boom came, the
government has displayed unwavering
committment to persuing the new
exchange rate policy.

‘Between March and June this year, for
example, the shilling was adjusted by 3.8
per cent against the major currencies with
the highest depreciation of 11.95 per cent
against the Japanese yen. And since
August, the Central Bank has adjusted
the shilling against the major currencies

twice, the last of which was done last
week when the Central Bank adjusted it
against the IMF special drawing rights
(the SDR), effectively devaluing the
shilling by 0.6 per cent.

Another structural adjustment measure
Kenya has adopted, is yearly reviews of
producer prices of agricultural com-
modities. Incentives in the agricultural
sector have been maintained in the
context of the yearly reviews and producer
prices for maize and wheat, the country’s
major cereals, were raised by 82 per cent
and 64 per cent respectively between 1980
and 1984.

in the fiscal sector, the government’s
committmentto stabilisationreforms has
been on the reduction of the budget
deficit and public expenditure cuts. From
a deficit of nearly 10 per cent of the gross
domestic product (GDP) in 1980, the
figure reduced to 4.6 per cent of the GDP
in the 1983/84 fiscal year and 4.1 in the
1984/85 annual budget. Continued adjust-
ment in the fiscal area has continued to
lower the deficit even after the recent
recovery of the economy which has been
prompted by higher coffee earnings and
the fall in oil prices. ‘I'he minister for
finance, Prof. G. Saitoti announced in his
budget speech this year that ‘the
government’s target was to reduce the
deficit to below four per cent of the GDP
on current price and revenue projections.
Saitoti said that even if the windfall
benefits the country expects to gain from
the favourable coffee prices and low oil
Prices turn out to be larger than the
government projected, the government
would use the extra gains, not to increase
expenditure, but to reduce the deficit
further.

‘The government’s willingness and com-
mittment to adopting structural ‘adjust-
ment reforms has not, however, ‘been
dimited to tight expenditure policy. In
recent years, fiscal and monetary
authorities have displayed the ability to
adjust the fiscal targets as required by
turn of events.

Reforms have also been undertaken to
Prevent the drain of budgetary resources
by parastatals and other public’ enter-
prises. ‘I'he government has continued to
monitor their activities closely. Last year,
the government appointed an auditor-
general in charge of parastatals and
recently, parliament enacted legislation
establishing a state corporations depart-
ment which will act as a supra-parastatal



}
|

! TRAINING COLLEGE FOR COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES PLANNED

Harare THE HERALD~in English 15 Oct 86 p 9

[Text

19317
cso:

]

A COLLEGE for train-|
ing co-operative activ-|
ists is to be get up abi
Kushinga Phikelela to:
provide iwaining for
relevant personnel, the
Minister of Co-operat-
ives Development, Cde
Maurice Nyagumbo.
has ssid.

He told The Herald in
a vecent interview: ‘The
‘Diggest hurdle we see
facmg the co-operative
industry in every
ig lack of training, That
ig -why a co-operative
college is soon to be esta-
plished at Kushinga Phi-
kelela to provide skills for
co-operative activities.”

Cde Nyagumbo, who is
Zanu. (PF)'s administra-;
tive secretary and acting
secretary for the commis- |
sariat and culture, also:
said that plens were
arcot to establish a bank
for co-operatives to pro-
vide “initial financial as-
sistance to co-operatives
especially in agriculture

3400/251

where implements, such
as tractors are meces-
sary”,

He said ir was impera-
tive to establish the
bank ‘because commer-'
cial banks were reluct.
ant to lend money to co-
operatives which had no
resources to provide cci-
lateral.

He believed that cnce
training was fo-
‘gether with inftiel <n-
ancial assistance, there

cperative activities in the)
country that would be “aj
source of employment for
the majority cf our
peopte”,

Personnel to administer
the: bank would have to
be “thoroughly trained
to handle the bank”, he
said, te-which the Govern
tnent would provide initial
junds, expecting ~—the
majority. shareholders to
be the co-operatives them-
selves,

He said it had been
Government policy since
1980 to encourage ang
stimulate the organisation.
of co-operatives in the
country.

51

JPRS~-SSA- 86-113

13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

were at that. time icult |

fairs, had dealt with
aspects of co-operatives.

“Now that a ministry
for co-operatives has been
established with a single
administration it will be
ca: supervise,
activities of co-opera-

ives.”

On _—hon-governmental
organisations, he said he
appreciated the work of
some of them but there
existed others whose in-
tentions were not genuine
and which he regarded
with suspicion.



Rural Projects Benefit From Computer Firm Donation
(THE HERALD, 16 Oct 86) .ecccccccecccereeccesecsccteeseees

Training College for Cooperative Activities Planned
(THE HERALD, 15 Oct 86) .ecccscceccdconesvcccecssceesucees

Briefs
Mazda To Expand Operations
SOUTH AFRICA
AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

Official Says Economic Struggle of Primary Concern
(SAPA, 15 Oct 86) ...

Policemen Under Investigation for AWB Membership
(SAPA, 14 Oct 86) ...

Briefs
Government on Illegal Workers Identification

BLACKS

Inkatha Official Proposes Western Antiapartheid Aid Scheme
(SAPA, 19 Oct 86) .ecccscccccccccccscccesscseccestossceees

Transkei Ministers Defeated in Election 'Upsets'
(SAPA, 17. Oct 86) cesecccccececccceceeccccecsasessceseencs

ANC People's Army Commissar on Nature of Internal Struggle
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa,
20 Oct 86) caseecereccceccccecccnccececceses

Bill To Give Black Women More Rights
(THE CITIZEN, 9 Oct 86) sceccceccccceccsececcevssevenesecs

Plastics Plant Officially Opened in Ciskei
(WEEKEND POST, 4 Oct 86) .cccessccscccceccucctcevesccccecs

Commentary Calls on Blacks To Solve Education Crisis
(Muntu Myeza; SOWETAN, 17 Oct 86) ..cccecccccccccccecceves

Briefs
Oukasie Residents Reject Forced Removal
'Total' School Boycott in Port Elizabeth
PAC Welcomes Union Unity
Rise of NUM

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

58

60

66

67

68

71

71
72



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY CALLS ON BLACKS TO SOLVE EDUCATION CRISIS
MB181105 Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 17 Oct 86 p 4

["Black Education: The Elusive Target" by Muntu Myeza, publicity secretary of
the Azanian People's Organization]

[Excerpts] Firstly, the education crisis concerns black people, ‘their social,
political and economic. well-being. It is axiomatic that the dominant: ideas
in any society are those of ‘the ‘ruling class. In the South African context
the dominant ideas are those of the minority white ruling class as against the
majority black oppressed.

When all is said and -done the Verwoerdian steam-engine still ploughs ahead
oblivious of all else save its mission in history--to maintain ‘the status
quo between the ruler and the ruleéd.. Unless the elementary lessons in chang-
ing societies are observed, black éducation will remain in crisis.

Some of the chief elements that have to be recognised about black education are
these:

--The divide and rule policies of the Government create the impression that
white values, culture and norms are superior;

--Racism and ethnicity are promoted thus showing pupils that they are inferior
but should aspire to attaining white standards;

~-Whereas whites are oriented to think in national terms blacks are encouraged
to think in parochial and ethnic terms;

--The current system of education encourages the process of alienation because
the school has been dissociated from life and sociéty; and

~-The pupil must be at. school and only later join the stream of life and
society. This leads to the alienation of the students from their parents
and vice versa.

The system of education, in typical capitalist mode, inculecates a sense of
bitter competition and intense rivalry. A false sense of identity is created

68


Since then, the denouncing, or indeed, the informing fever has taken hold of
the entire country. It seems that serious party members have taken the
president at his word by writing him to implicate personalities from his
intimate circle who have made fortunes through the large-scale practice of
trading favors. It is contended that one of the ousted ministers amassed a
colossal amount of real estate holdings, while another enriched himself by
allocating trade funds to third persons in order to make them prosper. All
the same, this practice is widespread within the political and administrative
establishment of Mali.

Even the army did not escape the avalanche of accusations. Thus soldiers
dissatisfied with their lot wrote to the president to denounce those superior
officers who were maintaining lifestyles that were judged to be scandalous.
The consequence: several colonels were dismissed. This was the case of
Bougari Sangare, the general chief of staff, Missa Kone, former member of the
CMLN [National Military Liberation Committee], who was entrusted with the
management of the army's SMB [Equipment and Construction Department] after
leaving the government (he was criticized for collecting substantial commissions
and even taking bribes, and for being more concerned with a lucrative parallel
business than with the management of the army equipment), and, finally,
Colonel Sekou Doumbia, head of the military supply corps.

In this context, the task of the new government team will not be an easy one.
At the time of its installation for the first council of ministers, General
Moussa Traore was anxious to confront the members with their responsibilities,
stating that the first priority of their actions will be "the moralization of
public life." Moreover, they must see to the success of the ongoing structural
adjustment program in order to show positive results at the third regular
congress of the UDPM, scheduled for 1988. And in an unprecedented act in the
history of independent Mali, a post of prime minister was created and entrusted
to a civilian, Prof Mamadou Dembele.

The creation of this post had been the object of a recommendation made at the
first extraordinary congress of the UDPM in February 1981. At that time the
party, barely out of its infancy, was already showing signs of lifelessness.
Moussa Traore's repeated appeals to his fellow citizens to gather under the
banner of this group went unanswered. Lacking members, the party existed only
on paper and on the radio waves. The problem was that from the beginning there
had been a serious misunderstanding, not to say total incomprehension, between
Moussa Traore and a not insignificant fringe of the Malian people.

On 28 February 1978, when Moussa Traore entered and won the power struggle
against "the corrupt and fascistic wing" of the CMLN, the people once more
found in him the "liberating hero of 19 November 1968," date of the fall of
Modibo Keita's revolutionary socialist regime. His praises sung and flattered
everywhere, Moussa Traore's halo, which an overlong wait-and-see policy had
tarnished slightly, shone again with a brilliance never equaled in the
political firmament of independent Mali. :

Rarely has a man of state possessed such a formidable winning hand. The
people, enthusiastic, confident and mobilized as never before, stood behind him

23



BILL TO GIVE BLACK WOMEN MORE RIGHTS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Oct 86 p 12

[Text]

19317
CSO: 3400/226

CAPE TOWN. — A Bill
which will give Black
women the right of own-
ership and will increase
the punitive jurisdiction
of chiefs and headmen
was published here yes-
terday.
The Constitution Laws
Amendment Bill pro-
amendments to the
Black Administration Act
to bring these changes
about.

It proposes _ that
notwhithstanding any law
affecting the “status or
contractual capacity of
any person by virtue: of
Black law and custom”,
the capacity of a Black
woman to perform any ju-
ristic act with regard to
the acquisition of owner-
ship “under any law” be
enforeceable by or
against her “‘as if she were

not subject to Black law i

and custom”.

The Bill also proposes
that:

@ The maximum fine
that may be imposed by
chiefs or headmen in tri-
als held under the Black
Authorities Act be in-
creased from twenty
pounds to R200;

66

@ National States be
empowered to appoint
Tepresentatives to rep-
resent their interests. in
the Republic;

@ The name of the
Commission for Cooper-
ation and Development
be changed to the Com-
mission for Constitutional
Development;

@ South West Africa
be excluded from the op-
eration of the Black Af-
fairs Act;

@ The State President
may withold his.assent to
a Bill passed by the Legis-
lative Assembly of a Nat-
ional State if he believes
the Bill is inconsistent
with the National States
Constitution Act or re-
lates to a matter beyond
the jurisdiction of the
Legislative Assembly;

@ Non-elected — man-
agement bodies may en-
joy temporary represen-
tation on regional services
councils; and

@ That the State Presi-
dent’s powers under the
Constitution Act be ex-
tended to allow him to ap-
point assistant as well as
deputy Ministers. —Sapa.

JPRS-SSA- 86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


New members of the assembly tipped to gain cabinet posts are the former
Tanskei commissioner of police and head of the security police, General. Martin
Ngceba of Idutywa; Prof Digby Koyana, dean of faculty of law at the university
of Transkei, returned unopposed in Elliotdale; and Mr Caleb Songa, a deputy
secretary for education, who won in Lusikisiki.

Eight cabinet ministers retained their seats. Among them the prime minister,
Chief George Matanzima, polled the highest votes, 19,408, in his constituency
of Cofimvaba.

The all round percentage poll. was considered to be exceptionally high, in
fact the highest since the country gained self-rule in 1963.

Political observers attribute the high poll to an apparent dispute between

the Matanzima brothers. The former state president, Paramount Chief Kaiser
Matanzima, had encouraged independents. to oppose official party. candidates

because he believed the electorate should vote for representatives without

being dictated to by the head of the party.

He had objected to party procedure ‘that TNIP candidates ‘were chosen by district
committees. His objections were ignored and he mobilised independents to
oppose the official party candidates.

Of the 150 seats, 75 are elected. The other seats are held by chiefs who are
ex-officio members.

The election was contested by 166 candidates.

/6662
CSO: — 3400/244

59



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

LESOTHO

ALLEGED COLLABORATION BETWEEN POLICE, RSA 'HIT SQUADS!

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Sep 86 p 14

[Article by Gerald L'Ange]

[Text]

Recent allegations that South African hit!
squads have been attacking African Na-|
tional Congress members in Lesotho
brought an illuminating response from the!
military government in Maseru. H

Its immediate and dramatic reaction to:
the newspaper report of the allegations de-,
monstrated the government’s extreme sen~
sitivity on the subject. ‘

Representatives of the ruling Military
Council had what is believed to have been
an angry meeting with the Anglican priest
who was quoted in the report and'the next
day he was flying out of the country on a
one-way ticket . .

‘The incident has highlighted the govern-
ment’s dilemma over the desire of the ANC
to use Lesotho as a base for insurgency into
South Africa.

While some members of the government
may be sympathetic to the ANC, the mili-
tary leaders accept that Lesotho simply
cannot expose itself to South African retali-
ation — against which it is virtually de-
fenceless — by aiding ANC subversion.

The ‘potential power of such retaliation
was demonstrated only too clearly by the
border blockade last year, which was pro-
voked by Pretoria’s belief that the govern-
ment of Chief Leabua Jonathan was shel-
tering ANC militants.

What angered: the military government
most about the “hit squad” report was the
claim that the alleged squad was operating
in collaboration with the Lesotho police. It
was upset also by a suggestion that South
African security forces were operating
more freely in Lesotho now than before the

16

coup last January in which the military
ousted Jonathan, , —t

The ruling Military Council has beeni
made sensitive about this by allegations!
that the coup was engineered by South Afri-
ca and that it has since been. working close-
ly with Pretoria.
~ The council.has strongly denied that Pre-
toria had a role in the coup and this is ac-
cepted by diplomats and other independent
observers in the absence of any evidence to
the contrary.

The extent of the military government's
co-operation with Pretoria is less certain. It
clearly has closer relations with Pretoria
than did Chief Jonathan’s government,
whose antagonism — and especially its ap-
parent support for the ANC — led to the
South African border blockade that may in-
directly have precipitated the coup.

Pragmatic stance
———

According to government leaders in Ma-
seru, the Military Council’s stance is a
purely pragmatic one, based on its view of
Lesotho’s best interests in the light of South
Africa’s economic and geographic stran-
glehold on the kingdom.

While opposing Pretoria’s racial policies,
it tries. to avoid actions likely to provoke
retaliation such as the border blockade and
SADF raids on ANC targets in Lesotho.

There is little doubt that the military
government has tried harder than the Jon-
athan- government did to prevent the ANC
using Lesotho as a base or corridor for in-
surgency into the Republic. There have
been no more SADF raids — not openly, at


/9317
CSO: 3400/230

But despite the prob-
Jems, ‘the. landlocked
Southern African states
are looking at Tazara’s
1800 km line linking
Zambia and the Tarza-
nian port of Dar es Sa-
faam as their alternative
lifeline to the sea,

Tazara’s importance ia
jargely due to the dis-
ruption caused to other
regional lines by security
problems.

Since 1980, Unita ban-
dits have cut the

through Angola..

Other access .- routes
through Mozambique to
Nacala, Beira: and
Maputo, have likewise
been frequently put out of
action by the South-Afri-
ran backed MNR bandits.

Tazara would have
trouble accommodating:
increased traffic without
upgrading. Inaugurated
in 1976, the Chinese built

Tailroad is plagued _ by;

problems of pilferage, in-
efficiency and low capa-
city which culminated in
a temporary shutdown in

33

November i984, i

Traffic has ed up
since then, govern-
ment officials say opera-
tions are now n a
profit. Under a 10-year.
rehabilitation pro
gramme, the railway
authority will spend

‘US$150 million upgrading
facilities, .
Although the railway

vwas designed to carry 25

million tonnes a year, at

present “its operating

capacity is about 14 mil-

lion ‘tonnes a year,” Cde
2, said.

‘With the help of West
Germany and the Buro-
‘gean Economic Com-
munity Tazara has
boosted its motive
power to cope with the
expected traffic increase
from its southern neigh-
bours.

And .Cde Standwell
Mapara, Tazara’s gen-
eral manager said in
August that the company
had stepped up security
im recent months to cope
with the incidence of pil-
fering on the line, —
Ziana-IPs.



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

OFFICIAL SAYS ECONOMIC STRUGGLE OF PRIMARY CONCERN

MB151527 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1502 GMT 15 Oct 86

so
[Text] Johannesburg, 15 Oct, SAPA-~-Sanctions and disinvestment no~longer had
anything to do with politics but had now become tools in an international eco-
nomic struggle, the chairman of the President's Council, Dr Piet Koornhof, said
today. Addressing the Executive Association of South Africa, he said South
Africa was up against unfair odds in the international market place because it
was being discriminated against by disinvestment and trade sanctions. "It is
noteworthy that the self-interest of countries proposing sanctions is paramount.
It is not self-evident opportunism that both the European community and the USA
which have maintained steel quota arrangements with South Africa over a period
of many years have now conveniently banned the importation of our steel out-
right, while their self-interest dictated no similar curbs on purchases of
manganese, platinum and chrome to name but a few?"

He said the government fully realised that republic was an integral part of the
international financial trading world and South Africa still remained a force
as a trading nation. It ranked twelfth in the world when gold was included in
its exports and nineteenth without the metal. "In view of South Africa's open
economy--more than 60 percent of our gross domestic product is generated
through foreign trade--the country simply cannot afford to turn its back on
the world and may not withdraw into the laager."

South Africa was a major source of many crucial raw materials and would con-
tinue to be a reliable supplier to wherever they were needed. There was a dire
need for economic growth and the creation of sufficient job opportunities in
the country and this could only be achieved through increased trade.

Dr Koornhof said that with the eyes of the world sharply focused on the coun-
try's everyday activities, covert operation was becoming of greater relevance.
Difficulties in trading would become more sensitive so it was essential for
South Africa to maintain its friends and trading partners. "...A new perspec~
tive on the dissemination of information useful to our foes must be assumed."
This was not a new approach because it had been in operation in trade links
with other African states for many years. It had not been widely publicised,
but South Africa had trade links with all but a very small minority of coun-
tries in Africa.

17358
CSO: 3400/223

53



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

MALAWI

ZIMBABWEAN DAILY NOTES BANDA'S DREAM OF 'GREATER MALAWI"

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Oct 86 p 8

[Text]
IN the escalating. conflict
in Moz-
ambique, eid is

‘ansporta-
tion system to maintain |
regional |

1 dependence on)
southern routes and ulti- |
‘mately control of its!

ports, if necessary:
through a change in gov-
ernment.

This eabratesy im:
plemented through a sur-
rogate group

South African military
intelligence, it has grown
considerably in size and
strength, Reinforcements:
and equipment are often
airlifted from South Afri-
ca or landed by sea.
along Mozambique’s 2 500.
km coastline. .

Ai key player in thisi
str: is _ Malawi,
heavily dependent on!
South Africa and the:
only African state to:
have formal diplomatic
ties with Pretoria. :

For more than 20 years.

of Mozambique north
the Zambezi River and!
ecups OP "othe
‘bockedt Laren
roling Mozambique Libe-
ration Front (Frelimo).

bs ique and ~ giving -his\
jJandlocked country ac-|
cess to the sea.

__Dr_ Banda. has_ often
tried to win support for
his concept of a greater
‘Malawi. He hus frequently
gpoken publicly and prit
yvately about his plans,
stating that the people on
poth sidés of the lake
that he calls Malawi (and

cala, ‘Today it handles
very little, Most of Ma-
Jawi's trade transits Zi-
mbabwe, Zambia or Bo-
tswana to South African
ports.

19

‘Unfortunately for Ma-:
lawi, Dr Banda’s dream
may become a nightmare.
Mozambique’s President
Samora Machel . has
threatened to put mis-
siles on their 1600km
common border and —
with Zimbabwe and Zam-
‘bia. — to impose an eco-
nomic blockade. i

Dr ‘“Banda’s support!

reached a crisis point a:
few weeks ogo when the:
Jeaders of those three:
countries flew to Malawi
to warn him that it must’
stop. i

At that meeting, Mo-:
zambican officials | pro-
duced a dossier contain-
ing evidence of Malawi's
support for the bandidos:
armados (armed bandits),

Among other things!
it contained photocopies:
of two passports issued:
to the MNR. chief repre-:
sentative in Malawi. ‘The
‘Mozambican government
has sought his extradition
‘on at least two occasions,
‘but to no avail.

‘The first passport
number 360683, was is-
sued by Malawi authori-
ties on September 12
1983 in the name of Wil-
son Thomuseni, a ‘“‘busi-
nessman”, one of several
allases, The second pass-
port, number 361824,
was issued two weeks
later on September 28
in his real name, Ber-
nardo Alufai.



JPRS-SSA~86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NRP'S SUTTON ADDRESSES NATAL CONGRESS
Cites ‘Myth of Majority'
MB180911 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0306 GMT 18 Oct 86

[Text] Pietermaritzburg Oct 18 SAPA--Failure to achieve understanding at

the current Natal-KwaZulu Indaba would diminish hopes of achieving a negotiated
settlement for Natal's future, the leader of the New Republic Party [NRP],

Mr Bill Sutton, said today. He. said in his keynote address at the NRP's Natal
Provincial Congress that a failure could also mean a further polarisation of
political forces.

"The beneficiaries of this outcome would be the Conservative Party who have
consistently refused to negotiate on the futute of whites," he said in remarks
prepared for delivery. Mr Sutton said in that situation there would be no
assured political future for supporters of the NRP and their approach to group
politics.

“What we are talking about is the myth of the majority. The Third World major-
ity cannot run a first world :political-economy ‘system and a balance is needed.

There is no basic merit in the majority. In fact the recent experience of the

world has brought about a profound distrust of the majority and its capability

to cope effectively with political and economic problems.

"I go so far as to say that without.a proportion of haves and have-nots of
65 per cent to 35 per cent, the majority is not able to withstand the demands
for the less priviledged for the use.of. the mechanisms of the state to redi-
stribute wealth beyond the economic capacity of the state."

Mr Sutton said a proposal for a'majority system would result in the Natal-
Kwazulu Indaba becoming merely another academic exercise. The government
would not accept it and the NRP would have "very severe reservations" about
it. ."I believe whites, Indians. and coloured in Natal would have very severe
reservations about such a proposal,"

He said guarantee of minority rights in one form.or another strengthened
cohesion of political groupings in Natal and provided a more sure base for
solid achievement.

"If there is one thing that I think should emerge from the Indaba it is a
coalition arrangement between Inkatha, the government, official opposition,
the NRP, the Labour Party, National People's Party, Solidarity and any other
political groupings up to the fringes of the United Democratic Front," he
said.

86


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

CHINESE EXPERTS EXPLORE FISH CULTIVATION PROJECTS

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Oct 86 p 5

[Text]

/9317

FIVE Chinese experts are
in Zimbabwe to explore
the possibility of setting
up fish cultivation pro-
jects in the rural areas
under a $25 million Joan.
provided during the visit:
to China by the Prime!
Minister, Cde Mugate,)
last year, |

Chinese embassy, e
Wang Jun, said this
week.

‘The project had been
proposed by the Govern-
ment to cut down on un-
dernourishment {nthe |
rural areas. i

A water project and a
garment factory would
also be funded .frorn the
loan, Cde Wang said.
The garment factory —
which will be the second
to be established with
Chinese assistance — will
be sited outside Harare.
China has agreed to pro-
vide experts for the fac-

We agreed in 1983

“We to
build small. to medium.
scale water projects in
Zimbabwe. Our people are
well organised and ready
tc come, but the Ministry
of Enerry, Water Re-

CSO: 3400/246

sources and Development.
hag not yet decided where
the projects will be sited.”

At the first session of
the China-Zimbabwe joint
commission on economic
and technical co-operation!
held in Beijing in June!
‘China presented a dratti
agreement to promote;
economic and technical
co-operation, and to pro-:
vide technical manpower
ta Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe
is still studying the draft.

A__memorandum con-
taining more than 20
projects agreed. to be-
tween both sides was
also signed.

Some of the proposed
projects to be carried
out with Chinese assist-
ance include the rehabi-
litation programme for
Ziscosteel, the building
of a bicycle factory, an
asbestos processing plant,
development of house-
hold use of coal as fuel,
glassware manufacture
and_ others.

Most of these projects
would be undertaken by
one of China’s largest

companies = — China
Meiallurgical Construc-
tions Corporation. MCC
has already sent its re-
presentative here to dis-
eusg these projects with
the Government and
private businesses.

40

The. corporation has:
also sent. study |
teams to Zimbabwe for)
technical studies into tho'
feasibility of establishing’
these projects. '

The first team in Feb-
ruary did a general sur-
vey of the manufacturing.
sector and in July five
senior chief engineers
studied the Ziscosteel
works, They wilh compile
a report which is expect-
ed to emphasise the use of
local resources in the
steelworks’ rehabilitation:
programme. !

The China Internation-)
al Engineering Consult-
ant Corporation (CIECC)
had tendered for the gen-
eral maagement —pro-

gtamme component of the.
rehabilitation  program~
me at Zisco,

An embroidery factory!
was planned, with China.
providing the technical
expertise, Chinese experts
had already visited Zi-
mbabwe to study the
project.

“As yoon ag the agree-
ment is signed the machi-
nery will be shipped to
Zimbobwe by ait” he
said.

China has provided two
other long-term, interest-
free loans worth about
$50 million, These were
used to build the 60000-
seat stadium going up on
the ,western side of tho
elty.


Mr Eglin said he had tried to present a balanced picture of South Africa,
stating the facts and changes that had taken place. There were, however, two
questions that had consistently been put to him and which he felt should actual-
“ly be answered by the National Party [NP] government.

Firstly, the state president, Mr P.W. Botha, had repeatedly stated apartheid
was "an outdated concept" but only recently, at the NP's Cape Congress in East
London, he had said the Group Areas Act would remain as long as he was in power.
This showed Mr Botha's inconsistency.

The second question dealt with the process of reform and the fact that after
38 years in power, there was still not one black in South Africa who could vote
for parliament. "People are mystified that the government has not yet found a
formula," Mr Eglin said.

Asked what his message to South Africans was, the PFP leader said, "I don't
believe we should be bullied from outside, but I do believe that the very changes
we must make inside are the ones that will stop the action outside." It was of
critical importance that a start was made with serious negotiations with black
leaders in South Africa.

/7358
CSO: 3400/164

81



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

TRANSKEI MINISTERS DEFEATED IN ELECTION 'UPSETS'
MB171924 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1921 GMT 17 Oct 86

[Text] Umtata, Oct 17, SAPA--The long-awaited Transkei general election re~-
sults were announced in Umtata this afternoon revealing major upsets: four
senior cabinet ministers were defeated, 16 independents grabbed seats from
government candidates and the two-man opposition gained a third seat.

The four cabinet members to lose their seats in the September 25 election
for the 150-seat national assembly are:

--The minister of justice, Mr Ramsey Madikizela, (Ngqeleni) 5

--The minister of health, Dr Charles Bikitsha, (Butterworth) who also lost
his deposit.

--The minister of foreign affairs, Mr Mtutuzeli Lujabe, (Confimbaba) ; and
+-The minister of agriculture, Mr E.Z. Booi, (Lady Frere).

Other notable losers were the chairman of the Transkei development corpora-
tion, Mr A.T. Sigcu and a former secretary for education, Mr Theophilus
Mbambisa, both of Umtata who had been earmarked for cabinet posts.

The ruling Transkei National.Independence Party [TNIP] won 48 seats in addi-~
tion to the six seats réturned unopposed, the independents took 16 seats and
the Democratic Progressive Party [DPP] two seats (its other seat ‘is held
ex-officio by Chief Ntsikwayezwé Sigeau, of Tabankulu) .

In 1963 the TNIP pipped. the opposition at the post by a mere five seats, but
over the 23 years the ruling party, under Chief Kaizer Matanzima, and later
his younger brother, Chief George, gained bigger margins at each election until
the official opposition was left with only two seats.

DPP's two elected seats, according to today's résults,.are in-Bizana. Their
new member is Mr Daniel Ganvile,; a 46-year-old insurance salesman. The other
is held by Mr Caledon Mda, leader of the opposition.

\

NN
~ 58


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

» SOUTH AFRICA

PFP HOLDS MEETINGS IN JOHANNESBURG ON ‘CRISIS' IN COUNTRY
MB220509 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0124 GMT 22 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg, Oct 21, SAPA--South Africans now had to choose what sort
of country they wanted for themselves and their children, Mr Brian Goodall,
MP for Edenvale, said tonight.

Mr Goodall was addressing a meeting in Bedfordview--one.of 11 meetings which
the PFP [Progressive Federal Party] held in the Johannesburg area tonight on
the theme "South Africa in Crisis."

Mr Goodall said it was possible to find a solution to the country's problems,
"but then the moderates of all colours must not allow the political pace to be
determined by the radicals of the left or the right."

He therefore exhorted all those who believed in the philosophy and principles
put forward by the PFP to heed the advice of St Paul to the early Christians,
namely, to participate in the race and to run it to win.

Dr Marius Barnard, MP, told a meeting in Parktown, that South Africa had seen
very important legislation repealed this year, for example the pass laws.
People were now considering the repeat of the Group Areas Act and the Separate
Amenities Act, he said.

However, Dr Barnard felt that the only impact that would be made was if. the
“masters and architects of apartheid, i.e., the Nationalists, were removed from
office."

In Lenasia, Mr Pupert Lorimer pointed out that the PFP was possibly the one
movement operating in South Africa today that could unite all South Africans
as its constitutional plans were by far the best ever devised for a non-racial
South Africa.

"The Nationalists; having hitched their star to apartheid, now have no substi-
tute and do not know. where they aré going, except perhaps to lead us all over
the edge of disaster.

"It is their ineptitude which has placed South Africa in the dangerous situa—
tion it is in today," he said.

82


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

ACCORD WITH BULGARIA--An accord providing for three [as heard] new areas of
cooperation was signed in Maputo yesterday afternoon at the end of the sixth
session of the Mozambique-Bulgaria Joint Commission, which began on Monday.
The accord, which covers bilateral ‘cooperation in the exploration of marble
and graphite and the production of coconut oil, tobacco, and sunflower, was
signed by Marcelino dos Santos,, member of the Frelimo Party Political Bureau,
and Grigor Stoichkov, deputy chairman of the Bulgarian Council of Ministers.
Speaking on the occasion, Marcelino dos Santos said that during the assessment
of Mozambique-Bulgaria cooperation it was decided that the activities being
carried out must mobilize the peoples of the ‘countries and contribute toward
peace and progress in the world today. .The Bulgarian delegation left Maputo
yesterday. [Text] [Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 18 Oct 86
MB] : /6662

NORWEGIAN TRANSPORT CONSORTIUM--A Norwegian construction company has estab-
lished an international group to build a terminal at the old port.of Beira in
Mozambique. A.Norwegian information bulletin released in Lusaka says the ob-
ject is to provide alternative transport services.to the Frontline States in
Southern Africa, making them less dependent on South Africa. At present some
of the Frontline States are entirely dependent on South African transit traf-
fic. The international Beira group will build the terminal with aid from
agencies in a number of Western countries. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic
Service in English 0915 GMT 21 Oct 86 MB]  /6662

RENAMO CULTIVATES IMAGE--The president of the Mozambique National Resistance,
Afonso Dhlakama, has apparently dismissed Jorge Correia as European spokes-—

man for the rebel group because of certain statements he made which endangered
certain members of the organisation who had infiltrated the Maputo adminis-—
tration. Some of his remarks in particular seem to have prejudiced a Portu-
guese, Antonio Jorge Da Silva, who was recently arrested in Maputo and was
apparently a liaison agent. Announcing the decision to the press, the former
secretary-general Evo Fernandes, who appears to have retained much of his
influence in spiteof his "dismissal" from that post, linked it to a restructur-
ing of Renamo around Mr Dlakhama and its leadership inside Mozambique, based

in the Gorongosa highlands, It seems that the movement is in the process of
setting up a central information service for the foreign press to avoid contra-
dictory or unauthorised statements. Renamo could be inspired by Angola's UNITA
movement which publishes its communiques from areas under its control. For the
moment the new spokesman for Renamo is Paulo Oliveira, editor of A Luta Continua,
the official publication. On the military front, Renamo said on September 29

27



19317

While government expenditure keeps ris- ;
ing, the country has reached a plateau in its
earnings from the mining industry. Although
there are still mineral deposits which can be
exploited, a number vf formidable problems’
will have to be overcome before the Govern-
ment will benefit.

The cattle industry has done little to
spread prosperity and development and there
are people who believe that its expansion
has contributed greatly to the advance of the
desert. :

Also, the mere fact that the Botswana
banks have so much money is a reflection of
the country’s problems in getting develop-
ment projects under way — largely because
of serious shortage of trained personnel and
of entrepreneurs. Ye i
‘ Political power in Botswana remains in
the hands of the essentially conservative Bo-
tswana Democratic Party which took 28 of
the 32 seats in the country’s new Legisla-
tive Assembly in the 1965, pre-independence
elections and. which today still holds 28 of the
34 seats in the Botswana National Assembly.

However, the comparatively radical Bo-
tswana National Front is gaining support
steadily in the urban areas and its men
now fill five seats in the Assembly — includ-
ing both Gaborone North and Gaborone
South.

The BNF also controls the Gaborone City:
Council and is clearly finding increased sup-.
port among the country’s civil servants, its
new breed of white-collar workers and.
among its educated elite.

It still has a long way to go before it cai
threaten the BDP, but there are people in:
Gaborone who wonder how Botswana’s show-
case multi-party democratic system will,
cope with a real threat to the government of
the day. +

The darkest cloud on the Botswana horizon-
remains South Africa. : a

cso: 3400/227

In a number of senses, Botswana holds thé!
strategic key to Southern Africa. - 7
It has borders with South Africa, Namibia,”
Zimbabwe and Zambia and it could provide’
guerillas or an invading army with a jump-
ing off point within a few hundred kilometres’
of South Africa’s industrial, commercial, fi-!
nancial and mining heartland.
While the Botswana Government says that
it is doing everything in its power to prevent,
the African National Congress, the Pan Afri-
canist Congress and Swapo from using its:
territory for their “wars of national libera~;
tion”, the South African Government insists.
that Botswana could do more. a

Transport infrastructure

~The South African Defence Force has i
vaded Botswana to detroy alleged ANC in-
stallations on two occasions in the last few,
years. , . 4

And, although Botswana has a railway!
linking its major centres with Zimbabwe, fora
all practical purposes, it has to depend on the*
South African economic and transport infra~t
structure. . . Z

Botswana knows that it will suffer if sanc-"
tions damage the South African economy and;
its official standpoint on sanctions is that it
has neither the capacity to. impose sanctions
on-South Africa nor the capacity to stand in,
the way of those who wish to do so. ji

However, as Southern Africa polarises, as:
economic measures and counter-measures
begin to take effect and as violence in-,,
creases, Botswana will find itself caught in
the middle, squeezed both by South Africa.
and the forces which seek the overthrow:
of the white government.

If economic development was the chal-
lenge of Botswana’s first 20 years, then sus-
taining that development through years of
change and turmoil in Southern Africa is
going to be the major challenge of the next

20 years.



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

Public Response Leads to More Arrests
Harare THE HERALD in English 8 Oct 86 p 4
[Article by Shakespeare Johnson]

[Text]

SINCE becoming the top policeman in the: country

less than one

year ago, Commissioner of Police Henry

Mukurazhizha’s major task has been to restore public
confidence in the force which had been tarnished. .

To restore the con-:
fidence, the commissioner |
said in a recent interview |
at police headquarters in}
Harare: “It became!
necessary, first and
foremost, for us to put
our house in order, before

office were a law unto
themselves, with no
regard for. established
procedures and no J.
pect.for the law itself.” |

« issioner Mukura-,
zhizha and the Minister!
of Home Affairs, |
visited ‘all the nine)
provinces in the country!
to hold meetings with:
senior police officers,
province lers, ju-
nior officers, all officers
in charge of stations and
party representatives,

Commissioner Mukura-
zhigha explained: “The
object of the exercise
was to impress upon
all the commanders of
the ZRP and the party
officialg the role of the
police force that it could
not properly function if
members and officers of
that organisation were
not disciplined.”

In the short time since
the end of that exercise,
the commissioner feels
that public confidence in
the police has been
restored.

One of the good things
to come out of that ex-

tiveness of our mission
and they in turn began to
carryout meetings in
their various areas of;
responsibility”. \

A dioser relationship
-between police and the
"public has now been for-
ged. as a result of that
exercise, too.

Public Relations liaison
officers have been estab-,
lished at every police sta-
tion throughout the coun-:
try. Their specific pur-
pose is to hold meetings!
with the local com-i
munities to explain thei
role .of the police and:
what the public can do to:
assist the enforcement of!
the law in order to helpi
the community to live in
peace. This establishment
came about in the period
of March to April, this

year,

“The public has come
to realise that the police.
cannot effectively operate:
without the support and
co-operation of the peo--
ple. Recently, the Sou-
‘the police arrested
a car theft gang, and
someone in the city knew
that crimes were being
committed but did not
inform the police. If they
had, not so many cars

would have been stolen.
Such is one of the many
areas. where the public
can assist the police.

Commissioner Mukura-'
zhizha said that the:
strength of the ZRP
stood at 15809 ‘serving
members at the moment,
put a sizeable number of

that was restricted to of,

fice work,
“The number. of police
members performing

duties directly related to

the public such as walk-°
ing the beat, bicycling

‘or driving around and

other duties 1s about
10000 against a fpop-
ulation of eight million
people.

“To effectively police
the country and to root
out crime, -we will
naturally need more sup-
port from our com-
munities.” *

The ZRP has now 112
men and women excutive
members, that is those
police officers who joined
the force after com-
pleting A levels and
university degrees, since
independence.

‘The ratio of policemen
to a given number of
people in. the country is
one policeman to 764 at
the moment, but the com-
missioner said that he
would like to see it come
down to one to 50U which
is the {nternational stan-


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

BOTSWANA

COUNTRY DESCRIBED AS SUCCESS STORY IN AFRICA

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Sep 86 p 14

[Article by John D'Oliveira]

[Text]

Twenty years ago today the British flag was
struck in Gaborone and another apparently
worthless piece of Africa became indepen-
dent. . ,

Botswana’s half a. million people were
scattered over 582 000 sq km of largely desert
land and the country’s only apparent ec-
onomic asset was its beef industry.

However, even this industry was severely
battered in the immediate post-independence
years by severe drought.

A British minerals survey in 1965 found lit-
tle prospect of profitable mining activity and
it seemed that land-locked Botswana would
remain an African backwater eking out its
existence on foreign hand-outs and whatever
its citizens could earn in neighbouring South
Africa.

However, in the 20 years that have fol-
lowed, Botswana has confounded the scep-.
tics, silenced most of its critics and has of-;
fered the world a rare example of a post-
uhuru African success story. ue

_Today Botswana is a tiny island of tran-
quillity, steady economic progress and politi-
cal sanity and, although there are dark
clouds on the horizon, the country is: better
equipped than most in the Third World to
deal with them.

Trade surplus
—

Despite a number of serious drought years,
Botswana today runs one of Africa’s few
trade surpluses (now estimated at. about
R250 million), its central and commercial
banks are rolling in money, its foreign cur-
rency reserves could pay for more than 20

months’ imports, its government has savings
equivalent to a year’s budget (cash savings
and loans to parastatal companies of about”
R12 billion) — and its foreign loan commit-
ments are only about a third of these savings.

Its currency is much stronger: than th
once-mighty South African rand, its interest;
rates and its inflation rate are lower than
South Africa’s. |

When Botswana decided to withdraw from:

what was then known as the Rand Monetary;
Area in 1976, there were confident predic-;
tions in South Africa that its neighbour would!
soon be back, looking for the security offered’
by the South African currency.
__Today the Bank of Botswana has to take
deliberate action to keep its pula from rising
too far above the rand and thus.distort-
ing what is still Botswana’s main economic
relationship.

Botswana’s dramatic economic turn-

around is due almost entirely to a min-
eral bonanza following the discovery of cop-
per/nickel, diamonds, coal, soda-ash, potash
and sodium phosphate in the first few years
of independence — and to conservative, sen-
sible economic policies applied within the
framework of a stable multi-party political
system.
» In its 1985/86 budget, the Botswana Gov-
ernment expects it will obtain R440 million
from the mining industry, almost: half its
R850 million revenue for the financial year.

But, as Botswana enters its 2ist year of
independence, things are not perfect for its
estimated population of about one million
people, most of whom remain in the “infor-
mal” economic sector.



JPRS-SSA~86-113
13 November 1986

UGANDA

COFFEE FARMERS PRESS FOR REFORMS

Nairobi FINANCIAL REVIEW in English 29 Sep 86 p 8

[Text]

Although Uganda’s coffee export volumes
have been steadily rising since June
1981, due to upward revisions of her
quotas under the International Coffee
Organisation (ICO) Uganda, with the
exception of Madagascar, was among the
world’s coffee producing countries paid
lowest in dollar terms according to the
background to the budget report 1986-
1987 just published by the ministry of
planning and economic development.

‘The report stated that the price paid to
the Ugandan coffee farmer averaged
US$0.74 per kilogram between December
1981, and December 1984. During the
sixties Uganda was the leading coffee
producer in Africa but was overtaken by
lvory Coast due to gross economic mis-
management during the Amin regime.
She is now Africa’s second biggest coffee
producer and ranks fifth among the
world’s coffee producing countries.
Uganda is the only country in the world
which depends on coffee exports for over
90 per cent of her foreign exchange
earnings. Consequently, the background
to the budget report states the Uganda
government continues to rely on coffee
export tax as its principle source of
revenue. Coffee export duty in the coun-
try’s recurrent revenue has risen from 4.1
per cent in 1980/81 to 58.1 per cent in
1984/85, while the share of custom duty
and that of sales tax has been decreasing,
the report adds.

Given the world boom in coffee prices
and the atmosphere of rising expectations
ushered in by the victory of President

36

Museveni’s \National Resistance Army
(NRA) last January, the Ugandan coffee
farmer has been growing impatient about
the small reward given for his great
efforts. Coffee farmers and processors
have therefore been agitating for a com-
plete reform of the whole industry
including the introduction public coffee
auctions as a way pt obtaining a greater
share of coffee earrings.

According to Mr. Antoni ‘Tamale,
chairman and founder of the 29-year-old
Uganda National Coffee Association
(UNCA), an association of farmers and
private processors, the Ugandan farmer
receives only 14 per cent of the export
price of his coffee (Uganda shs.1.6m per
tonne) out of shs.11.6m or 2,340 US
dollars, even after a recent increase in
producer prices. He compares this to an
81 per cent share for their Kenyan coun-
terpartg. ‘I'he simple difference,”
‘Tamale ‘says, “is one of accountability.
‘I'he Kenyans elect their service board and
auction their coffee direct to the buyer.”
Ugandan farmers must sell through their
associations and cooperative unions to the
Coffee Marketing Boards (CMB) which
take 75 per cent of the export value.

President Museveni’s government has
carried. out a reshuffle in the management
of the coffee marketing board. However,
many coffee farmers and processors are
impatient that government reforms are
too slow. They argue that the present
coffee marketing system invites corrup-
tion by concentrating the returns in
Kampala, What cash was not embezzled,


19317

dependence on South Africd, but there
is scepticism that it can achieve this. '

Instead it is speculated that this has
drawn the South African business’
attention to the large sums of money
now at the Lesotho government’s
disposal. .

Growing economic co-operation
between Lesotho and South Africa is
indicated by the decision to go-ahead
with construction of the $1,3-billion
Highlands Water Scheme. The scheme
has been discussed for 20 years, but
South Africa was not prepared to pay
the price for the water which would
have made the project viable. .

-The scheme will divert water for
sale to South Africa from the upper
Malibamatso and Orange Rivers.
(which rise in Lesotho) and generate’
enough hydro-electric power to meet!
Lesotho’s own energy needs,
currently imported’ entirely from:
South Africa. _

‘The scheme involves building five,
storage dams, a 60-mile. tunnel’
through the mountains, three power
stations and a pumping station in the
north, :

It will, boost Lesotho’s economy *
immensely. Energy needs “for
industrial development will be
assured, and from 1995 huge earnings

cso: 3400/227

15

will accrue "from water sales, while ,
dam building will provide thousands j
of jobs. . an

The scheme will open many parts of
the highlands, with lakes formed by
storage dams providing for water
sports and fishing and adding to
holiday resort attractions. 7

Because of Lesotho’s vulnerable
position, attempts are underway to
‘open up to the rest of Africa.

Last! September a new jet-age
airport — Moshoeshoe International
— was opened. Finance came from
the European Community, Finland,
the OPEC Fund, African
Development Bank, and the Arab
Bank for Economic Development in
Africa. t

‘When fully operational the airport
will handle short-range jets like the;
Airbus -and Boeing 737. Lesotho:
Airways plans to connect with Lusaka,
Harare and Nairobi. Air Zimbabwe,
Air Botswana and. Zambia Airways ©
may extend their routes to Maseru.

If sanctions stop Western-based
airlines flying ‘to’ South Africa,
Moshoeshoe International could
become an alternative connection
point to and from Jan ‘Smuts and other
South African airports. — Gemini
News



with powers to intervene in the aftairs ot
any public enterprise. An investment
division has also been created in the
ministry of finance and planning to
monitor all financial flows between the
enterprises and the ‘Ireasury to facilitate
repayment of loans and profits by public
enterprises to the exchequer.

Kenya has also made considerable
progress in putting together adjustment
reforms which have facilitated the
liberalisation of imports. A new import
system was introduced in 1983 and since
then, there has been a progressive
liberalisation of the licensing system
which has been helped by improvement in
the foreign exchange reserves.

Despite what appears to be Kenya’s
steady adherence to reforms advocated for
by the World Bank and the IMF in recent
years, it has not always been smooth
sailing. For example, after indicating that
it was ready to privatise some of the
public enterprises by forming a task force
whose mandate was to among other jobs
advise the government on how to sell
some of the parastatals, the government
two months ago disbanded the committee
without indications that any of the public
enterprises would be dismantled or put up
for sale. Informed sources say the-
divestiture committee concentrated on
reviewing the performance of the
parastatals and recommending the
methods the government ought to apply
to secure better control of the institutions.
‘The steam about divestiture and
privatisation has ebbed and there is no
more about privatisation and divestiture
of parastatals pronouncement by govern-
ment spokesmen.

One scenario that has arisen as a result
of Kenya’s interaction with the World
Bank and the IMI is the interesting
politics Kenya is currently involved in
with her bilateral donors. Une of the
structural adjustment policies the govern-
ment has recently declared is budget
rationalisation. According to this policy,
the government now says that it will only
use money on projects that are productive
and which bilateral donors will be
required to select from a portfolio of
priority projects selected by the Kenya
government. Donors will no longer be
allowed to show preference for specific
types of projects they may wish to
finance. Furthermore, the government
now says that donors will be required to

10

finance 100 per cent of project costs since
Kenya can no.longer absorb large project
costs.

Kenya feels that in the past the govern-

ment allowed too many donors, including
non-governmental organisations, to start
too many projects and now desires to see a
situation where only a few projects are
approved and where resources are used
more prudently. ‘I'he government is
insisting on 100 per cent donor financing
of projects ‘for two seasons; Firstly, such
projects require that Kenya contributes
part of the projects’ costs before donors
disburse their committments. So when
the country has a large share of projects
costs to finance itself, donors have
insisted that they can only disburse their
committments if Kenya continues its
payments. ‘I'his state of atfairs holds up
projects and recently, Prof. Saitoti told
the visiting German minister for
economic co-operation Dr. Volker:
Koehler, that when drought struck Kenya
in 1984, the country was caught in an
awkward situation because funds which
were earmarked for co-financed projects
had to be used to buy food. In addition to
the difficulty that Kenya has in keeping
co-financed projects from grinding to a
halt, the country also feels that co-
financing defeats the purpose of budget
retionalisation because donors are usually
unwilling to meet projects’ reccurent
costs.
However some donors are unwilling to.
accept the 100 per cent donor financing
policy. For instance, Koehler said the
proposal would not be acceptable to the
German government as Germany still
regarded ‘co-financing of projects as
viable. Adams, however, told #inancial
Review that the World Bank agreed with
the 100 per cent donor financing policy.
He said the bank viewed Kenya's new
donor financing policy as a positive
attempt to use budgetary resources more
prudently and to fully exploit donor
assistance. He said a lot of resources in
the country had been divided to too many
projects and that the bud get rationalisa-
tion policy the government of Kenya has
declared it will embark on was an attempt
to use the budget instrument more
productively and rationally.

Another policy which the government
has recently pronounced and which
bilateral donors are said to be financing
unacceptable is the recent directive by


SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

NGSK Rescinds School Boycott Support
(SAPA, 8 Oct 86) ..cccccccccccccuccccescvececetenssecscece

NGSK Synod Votes for Dialogue With ANC, PAC, SACP
(SAPA, 8 Oct 86) .eseccccevcccccscccnceeeececeseseensesees

Coloreds Reportedly Join ‘Brain Drain'
(THE STAR, 9 Oct 86) ..cccccevevccccececceccececcecesceses

Cape Teachers Group Calls for Lifting of Emergency
(SAPA, 18 Oct 86) .cccseceseescccceceenccseseesecescsseees

PFP's Eglin Notes 'Hardening' Foreign Feeling
(SAPA, 8 Oct 86) ..cecscccccccccvccsccececececseetseescers

PFP Holds Meetings in Johannesburg on 'Crisis' in Country
(SAPA, 22 Oct 86) .eccccccccccccscccvcuccsceceecevcsceeces

NRP Leader Sutton Discusses Party's Future
(SAPA, 8 Oct 86) cececsccecscccccnvecteccecerceccucescetce

NRP's Sutton Addresses Natal Congress
(SAPA, 18 Oct 86) .reccccccecesecccccetccecccsetereeessees

Cites 'Myth of Majority’
Outlines Party's Reform Policy

Commentary Views Emerging National Moderation
(Johannesburg International Service, 8 Oct 86) ...ecceceee

Briefs .
Objection to SADF in Detainee Programs

ECONOMIC

Shell Executive Confirms Antiapartheid Position
(SAPA, 19 Oct 86) ..ccccecccccscnscuccececceceecsceecseces

Under Pressure To Leave Country
Denies Disinvestment Reports

House of Delegates Official Speaks on Role of Business Sector
(SAPA, 22 Oct 86) sececcececccccccccecccecucscsscssesesees

Business Leader Urges-Economic Patriotism
(SAPA, 21 Oct 86) .cesscccccccccascctccsceccevccsevcsecees

Institute Paper Warns of Effects of Sanctions
(SAPA, 17 Oct 86) ..ccscceccccccccsceccestereesesccesseses

73

76

77

78

80

82

84

‘86

86

88

89

90

90

91

93

95

97



So the workers, because they know the technical way of operating these ma-
chines, must use in a very clever and ingenious manner, must make it impos-
sible for these machines to operate, whether they could do this, for instance,
as their own response to a call for a strike on a particular day. For instance,
if the protest when the regime butchers our people, when it is those workers
which work in the armament industry, they can do this in order to slow down
the process of producing more bullets, the process of producing more

weapons [sentence as heard]. .In other words, there is a variety of methods
of ensuring that the productivity of South African industry is slowed down and
this task belongs to South African workers who are oppressed and exploited
both by the ruling class and by the capitalists.

/6662
CsO: 3400/244

65.



“ Alufai’s_ most_commen |

‘many other documents '
in the; dossier. These in-
clude a letter from Afo-
nso Dhiakama. who was
chosen MNR= ieader by
Rhodesian intelligence in

gives details of wveapona,
ammunition and other
support required from
Malawi.

The dossier also includes

Jetters and photocopies of
of selected
journalists who :transit-
Malawi, a country;
normally extremely cir-|
cumspect about the Preas,!
on their way into Mozam-
pique with the MNR. |

One wag a correspond-
ent of the US magazine,
Soldier of Fortune, An-|
other was Lord Michael!
Cecil, son of the Marquis
of Salisbury.

Confronted with the
weight of evidence con-
tained in the dossier, Dr:
Bands persistéd in his!
denial of Matawi’s involve-
ment. President Kenneth
Kaunda of Zambia, who
is chairman of the Front-

ne = States —_ grouping,
countered, with some
irritation, that Dr Banda -
could hardly deny involve-!
ment when his govern-
ment had pass-
ports to a known MNR
leader.

Dr Banda’s dreams of
a Greater Malawi stretch
back as far as 1962, That
year he visited Dar es
Salaam, bearing an old
Portuguese map, to try to

ide former Tanzan-
ian President Julius Nye-
rere that, Mozambique did
not exist’ as a separate
country and that all of
‘Mozambique north of the
Zambezi ini fact belonged
to Malawi.

Dr Nyerere refused to
accompany Dr Banda on
a tour to put his case to
other African leaders or
to Lisbon to see the late
Portuguese dictator, An-
tonio Salazar.

“In a masterpiece of de-
ception,” Dr Banda’s first
foreign minister, Mr Ka-
uyama Chiume, later
wrote, “both Salazar and
the Portuguese settlers
convinced Dr Banda they
would give him the north-
ern portion of Mozam-:
‘bique in return for not ‘

allowing freedom fighters -
(Frelimo) to pass” through:
Malawi.”

‘Two years later, when
Frelimo began its fight
against Portuguese col-
onialism, Dr Bande block-
¢d their access to the
game provinces where to-
day the armados
are causing the most
serioug disruption, Fre-
imo officials in Malawi
were arrested, detained
and some handed over to
the Portuguese.

‘Throughout that war,
and even after Mozam-
bique’s independence in
1975, Malawi supported a.
series of anti - Frelimo:
movements. The last of
these, the Mozambique
Revolutionary Party
(MRP), merged with the,
South African - backed
-MNR in 1982, ‘The MRP
signatory to the agree-
ment reached in Malawi
wag Jimo Phiri.

Meanwhile, the people
of north-central Mozam-
bique are engulfed in a
war caused by apartheid’s
strategic plans for sur-
vival and the dreams 0!
an old man. ot

19317
CSO: 3400/249

20


JPRS-SSA~86-113
13 November 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

COCOA PRICES ANNOUNCED--The Ghana Cocoa Board wishes to announce for the
information of the general public that purchases for the 1986/87 Main Crop
Cocoa Season will commence on Friday, October 3, 1986. The producer price
to be paid at all buying centres will be £2,550 per load of 30 kg for grades
I and II cocoa beans naked ex-scale or ¢5,312.50 per bag of 62.5 kg net.
{Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 27 Sep 86 p 4] /9317

EGYPTIAN COTTON EXPERTS~-Ghana is to benefit from an Egyptian technical
assistance cotton expert attached to the Ghana Cotton Company. (GCC)
said ten Egyptian experts would soon arrive in the country to help in
extension services to farmers. He was addressing the annual meeting and
election of officers of the Cotton Growers Association. Dr Sallouma
advised farmers to ensure that they used high-yielding seeds. [Text]
[Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 26 Sep 86 p 1] /9317

MUSLIMS GET NEW EXECUTIVES--The Sefwi Wiawso District branch of the Ghana
Muslims Representative Council (GMRC) has elected a new executive body
with Mallam Mohammed Oppong as chairman and Mallam Issah Aberkah as his
vice with Mr C.B. Tawiah as the secretary. The elections were supervised
by Alhaji Ibrahim S. Darpoh, deputy national secretary of the GMRC. He
appealed to all muslims in the area to co-operate with the new executive
and to engage in productive ventures such as farming. He further asked
them to support the executive financially to build an English and Arabic
school in the area. Mallam Oppong, the new chairman, assured the national
executive of the full support of the Muslims in Sefwi Wiawso and thanked
them for sending the team to supervise the elections which had been post-
poned four times. He called for members support for the executive's effort
to promote Islamic education in the area. [Text] [Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in
English 27 Sep 86 p 5] /9317

PLIGHT OF REFUGEES AT FADAMA-—The Humanitarian Care and Relief Organisation
has appealed to the Government to give the necessary backing to charity
organisations to rehabilitate destitutes in the society especially refugees
from Chad and Mali. The organisation whose main aim is to mobilise the
rural communities for self-help projects has described the plight of refugees
at Fadama as a threat to the lives of the people in the community.
According to Mr Kwesi Attah, founder of the organisation, most of the
refugees are suffering from tuberculosis and skin diseases. They sleep on
bare floors in dilapidated or uncompleted buildings. Mr Attah disclosed
that in conjunction with the Red Cross and Social Welfare Department, the
organisation donated three hundred bags of beans and five bags of fish
powder to the refugees. [Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English
27 Sep 86 p 8] /9317

CSO: 3400/213



This surgeon by training does not have the reputation of being a political
"brain" even though he does not lack ambition.

The private physician of the chief of state, he joined the UDPM at the time of
its establishment in 1979. Appointed to the post of secretary of foreign
relations, he was forced to resign in 1981 as a result of the opposition which
he encountered in his own political stronghold of Dar-Es-Salam (in the
central-western part of Bamako). He was obliged to withdraw from the contest
under pressure from the president, who was careful to avoid any rift. As
compensation, if you could say that, Prof Dembele was given the Ministry of
Health and Social Affairs, which he led until his appointment to the post of
prime minister.

Since the head of state will retain the prerogatives of head of government, the
role of the new prime minister will consist essentially of "coordinating the
activities" of the different ministries, as is stipulated in the decree of
appointment. His responsibility will be no less direct in the matter of the
success or the failure of the structural adjustment program, inasmuch as’ he
supervises all its operating levers.

Supported by various financial organizations such as the World Bank, the IMF
and the Central Fund for Economic Cooperation (CCCE), this program aims to
rehabilitate the state companies and enterprises whose normal operation is
impeded by shortfalls of several billion frozen in the budget. The latter, for
its part, cannot hope to repay them if it is systematically deprived of ‘its
normal income by the interplay of corrupt practices that undermine its |
structures. Thence the need to first of all "clean up" the government team by
bringing in new men who will combine competence with intellectual and moral
integrity, and to appoint a civilian prime minister who must, so to speak,
keep an eye daily on the dossiers of the various ministries. The president
needs a trustworthy man to take on this task. Could he find anyone better
than his personal physician? .

Moussa Traore expects that, in view of the performances that will take place,
his reunion with the people will be more serene. The appointment has thus been
made for the third conference of the UDPM, planned for 1988.

13318/12851
cso: 3419/1

25



Dr Reddy said successful businesses have never shied away from investing
capital in new or expanded facilities that are expected to return profits in
the future.

Nor have they baulked at spending money on research and development, even on
basic research where the payoff may lag a decade or more behind the investment.

"To retain public confidence in. the years ahead, business must demonstrate
that it has the resources, the vigour, the intelligence--and above all, the
will--to meet its obligations in a free economy.

"To the extent’ that it can develop practical solutions to public problems,
business can help our nation immeasurably in leading its ideal of a truly
free society," Dr Reddy said.

16662
cso: 3400/243

94


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

Outlines Party's Reform Policy

MB180918 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0404 GMT 18 Oct 86

[Text] Pietermaritzburg Oct 18 SAPA--Only "real reform" and involvement of
the discontented in the "real processes" of government would allay unrest in
South Africa, Mr Bill Sutton, the leader. of the New Republic Party [NRP],

told his party's Natal Provincial Congress today. Mere talk of reform created
more unrest than oppression, he said.

“Reform does not consist of removing the stupid and discriminatory legislation
that you have yourself put on the statute book. It involves: including in

the political process those who are part of the power structure in the coun-
try.... Anyone who believes that blacks are not part of the power structure
must get his head examined," he said.

The NRP, through its involvement from the inception.in the Natal-KwaZulu
"Indaba," had been in the vanguard of reform. However, what the Indaba would
produce was anybody's guess, he said.

Mr Sutton said his party's policy was based on the recognition of the. group
structure of the country. and provision of guarantees for minority groups-
The guarantees would provide a feeling of security without which the white
group in particular would be unable to.participate to its maximum capacity in
the future development of South Africa.

Mr Sutton said his party insisted that there should be a fourth chamber in
Parliament, not to perpéturate apartheid, but to implement the party slogan,
"saamheid" (togetherness).

There should be the closest possible. consultation in the standing ‘committees
of Parliament on matters like continuing constitutional reform. "Reform can
only come through Parliament, and it is our conviction that all groups should
be represented either in Parliament..or in an inter-government ‘body such as the
Brussels Council of Ministers. This will allow the.wisdom and experience

of the homeland leaders to be brought to bear in the solution of our problems
without affecting the. practical value of their continuing participation in the
actual function of government on a day-to-day basis," he said.

/6662
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87



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

KENYA

1987 FRG FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE ANNOUNCED
Nairobi THE KENYA TIMES in English 7 Oct 86 p 1
[Article by Henry Chui]

[Text] The Federal Republic of Germany will, under financial cooperation,
give the Kenya government a soft loan of shs. 720 million for various
projects.

Repayment of the soft loan will be within 50 years including a ten year
grace period at 0.75 percent interest per annum.

The commitment was made by the German government after negotiations between
the two countries over the 1986-87 period which took place in Nairobi
between October 1 and 5.

The Kenyan delegation was led by the financial secretary in the Ministry of
Finance, Mr J.W. Njoroge, while the German side was led by Dr W. Preuss,
who is the director for Africa Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation,

According to a press statement, as in previous years, emphasis was put on
support for projects in the agricultural and private industry sectors.

Besides co-financing an agricultural programme under the World Bank's
Special Africa Facility with an amount of shs. 200 million, the following
projects will be supported: road gravelling unit including pothole repair
unit (additional funds) credit line for Kenya Industrial Estates, Kenya
Railways. Telecommunication project (additional funds) Timboroa-Eldoret road.
Kericho sewerage scheme financial contribution to Small Enterprise Finance
Company and rehabilitation of commercially oriented enterprises through
Kenyan financial institutions.

Under technical cooperation funds provided as grants commitments amounting
to shs. 184 million were made.

With these funds various on-going projects of technical co-operation in the
sectors of water development, applied human nutrition, agriculture,
settlements as well as advisory assistance to the Kenya Institute of
Management will be financed.

Additional projects will be supported out of a special fund with an amount of
shs, 24 million and will include army worm control.

19317
CSO: 3400/231



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

/

/

SOUTH AFRICA

HOUSE OF DELEGATES OFFICIAL SPEAKS ON ROLE OF BUSINESS SECTOR
MB220518 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2019 GMT 22 Oct 86
[Embargoed until 0800 GMT 22 October]

[Text] Johannesburg, Oct 22, SAPA--The business sector has a duty to play an
active and positive role in influencing change in South Africa, Dr J.N. Reddy,
minister of budgetary and auxillary services ofthe House of Delegates, said
in Johannesburg today.

Addressing the annual congress of the Association of .Chambers of ‘Commerce, he
said the future of the free enterprise system is dependent on.the creation of a
constitutional framework which is acceptable to all the people of the land.

It would also have to recognise "the need for the widest possible involvement
and participation in the economic life of our country by the people of colour
who have thus far, to a lesser or greater degree, been precluded by the
existence of legal constraints and impediments," he said.

He said the government had already taken certain steps and other measures are
in the pipeline, all of which are designed to remove constraints which have
effectively blocked the economic progress and development of the non~white
people, more especially the blacks.

"Only an expanding economy can contribute.to a climate conducive to reform
and to this end, what we need from our overseas trading partners, is.an under-
standing of the complex problems of our.country and a-positive involvement,
which will help South Africa to find the political accommodation which will
set this country on the road to peace and prosperity for all."

Therefore instead of imposing sanctions, there should be joint efforts on the
part "of all our major trading partners to extend to this country. financial
aid in the way of soft loans which could be earmarked to fund programmes,
which will contribute to. the forward mobility of thé underdeveloped sectors
of our population in the field of education, economic development, health

and housing and thereby make a positive contribution to improving the quality
of life of the less privileged in our society and help to satisfy their rising
expectations."

93



socialist state as necessary and sufficient conditions for the resolution. of
South Africa's social problems belong in the realm of fantasy." Global evi-
dence was that socialism intensified the problems of development.

“The elimination of apartheid is at best a necessary condition for the allevia-
tion of social problems insofar as it allows for increased wealth creating
by removing impediments to the operation of the market system," Dr Dollery said.

A second misconception concerned the nature of the political crisis in South
Africa. Moderate people who favoured disinvestment as a means toward peaceful
change regarded the present upheaval in the country as a legitimate civil
rights struggle. Such parallels existed, and there was an undeniable need

for the restoration of political rights normally associated with the liberal
capitalist societies of the West. "However, this conception is seldom tempered
by an acknowledgement of the radical or Marxist basis of some important poli-
tical groups who have little interest in a peaceful, non-violent accommodation.
It is now undoubtedly true that there are revolutionary groups who strive for
a classless South Africa where individual liberties will be severely circum-
cumscribed."

Dr Dollery also said disinvestment was likely to exact a "grievous toll" on
the economies of South Africa's neighbours, even without deliberate counter-
measures by Pretoria. These might include labour repatriation, transport
bottlenecks, and withholding of essential supplies. "Obviously, proponents
of disinvestment cannot focus exclusively on its potential impact on South
Africa alone without. a ‘careful scrutiny of the possible countermeasures that
could be implemented," he said.

16662
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98


Why this transformation? I have said earlier that the people have come out
to confront the enemy. The people are becoming now a component part of the
struggle against racism and against apartheid. Now when we say people's

war, what do we mean? The characteristic of a people's war is the participa-
tion, simply stated, of the people in the struggle. The people themselves
begin to embrace the struggle to participate at different levels of the strug-
gle: mass struggle by getting organized in trade unions, by getting organ-
ized in mass community organizations, by getting the youth organized into
youth organizations and student organizations so that they respond to the
repression, to the extreme repression that the enemy is meting out to the
people on a daily basis by discussing strategems of confronting the enemy and
by implementing the strategems.

Now, the second aspect is that the people begin also to embrace the armed
struggle. They begin to feel that they have got a role to play. And in our
situation, what role are they playing? The role that the masses are playing
in our situation is providing cadres and recruits for’ Umkhonto We Sizwe, the
people's army, and by providing shelter to the cadres of Umkhonto We Sizwe
as they move to attack the enemy, by providing also vital information to
Umkhonto We Sizwe, by participating in the underground of the ANC and also
in the expansion and training. of Umkhonto.We Sizwe, virtually throughout the
country. We are now in that stage. We have entered this phase and we are
beginning now to consolidate this phase of a people's war.

And there have been notable and there are very interesting examples of the
participation of the people in the armed struggle. In places like Alexandra,
Atteridgeville, Mamelodi, Soweto, Crossroads, New Brighton, (Kwazakele) and
the Cape, Umkhonto We Sizwe actually has been fighting shoulder to shoulder
with the people.

There are certain instances where when the people confront the police, con-
front the SADF [South African Defense Forces]; there have been the units of
Umkhonto We Sizwe using AKs and using grenades. In areas ‘like Mamelodi, for
instance, land mines have been planted to block the advance of Kasspirs and
APCs, all these vehicles which are being used to transport racist members of
the SADF and the police to harass and butcher our people in the townships. So
now there is this growing action or, if you like, collaboration between units
of Umkhonto We. Sizwe and the people themselvés. . And one notable feature of
the present situation is that our comrades now are able to get into the coun-
try to survive amongst the people for much more longer periods than before

and this is an indication that the people accept and embrace Umkhonto We Sizwe
and now we are beginning ‘to get the ingradients of ‘the people's war.

[Announcer] Now do you say that there has been actions of grenades: and things
like that, are these actions carried ‘out by the so-called defense units and
combat units which the ANC has called to be formed? © And maybé you could
also give us light as to what advances have ‘been made ‘to achieve that objec-
tive of forming self-defense units.

61



PLASTICS PLANT OFFICIALLY OPENED IN CISKEI:

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

Port Elizabeth WEEKEND POST (Business) in English 4 Oct 86 p1

[Text]

A NEW R3,4-million plas-
tics plant has been offi-
cially opened in Dimbaza,
Ciskei.

* The plant — housing the
rigid plastics operation of
Anglovaal subsidiary
Consol Ltd — covers about
$200 square metres of fac-
tory and warehouse. There
is 3000m’ for expansion.
ont Brow -provides work for 101;
The plant runs on a .
hour, five-day-week basis
and operates blow-mould-
ing and injection moulding :
operations, producing an'
average of 1,8 million units :
a month. \

» Products manufactured |
include containers for |
scouring powders, soft
drinks, detergents and
household cleaners, fabric '
softeners, cordials, foods |
and swimming pool chemi- ;
cals.

- This is. the fourth rigid
plastics plant in Consol
Plastics.

Mr Trevor Meredith, di-
visional manager of East-
ern Cape Rigids, said:

/9317
cso: 3400/226

“T am extremely pleased
with the speed with which
this operation has come on
eam following the on-

yport of the Ciskei
Boosie! ’s Development
contributed

nities, the benefits of which
have been felt by both our
employees and their depen-

«dants, within Ciskei.”

67



KENYATTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SECURITY INCREASED

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 27 Sep 86 p 5

[Text]

/9317
CSO: 3400/231

New travel regulations have been
introduced at all aerodromes in
the country to tighten security.
_A notice in yesterday’s Kenya
Gazette supplement says
passengers and their luggage may
be screened before boarding any
aircraft,
the: notice, signed by the
Transport and. Communications
Minister, Mr Arthur Magugu, says
the Director of Aerodromes
declare by notice aerodromes at
which screening shall, be. man-
datory tor passengers and their
cabin luggage.

Any passenger who refuses to
be searched shail not be allowed:
beyond the screening point.

new regulations also
prohibit passengers from entering
an aircraft with. firearms,
ammunition, éxplosives, incen-

diary or any device considered”
dangerous.

12

‘Thé director is now empowered
to refuse clearance to incoming
passengers who decline to be
searched or to have their cabin
luggage screened.

‘Those entering an aerodrome
waving base or-any other restric-
ted’ area may be inspected and all
their possession checked.

‘Any person who is considered a
potential threat to aircraft can.
now be from: entering an
aerodrome. .

‘The director may require an
operator at aerodrome to present
a. report either verbally or in
writing on the security arrange-
ments he has taken:

‘The Minister -hag revoked
regulations formerly in
operational in .aérodromes’ and
the Civil Aviation (Jomo
Kenyatta International Airport)
regulations of 1981.

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

KENYA



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BUSINESS LEADER URGES ECONOMIC PATRIOTISM
MB211648 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1429 GMT 21 Oct 86

[Text] Johannesburg Oct 21 SAPA--If boycotts of South Africa's exports were
only 20 per cent successful the balance of payments would be weakened by
R2,000 million, white unemployment would rise by 120,000 and black unemploy-
ment would increase by 430,000. The personal income of whites would decline
by R520 million and that of blacks by 470 million.

In quantifying the impact of boycotts in this way in an address this evening
(Oct 21) in the Cape, Mr Christie Kuun, president of the Afrikaanse
Handelinstituut [Afrikaans Institute. of Trade], and senior general manager
of SAAMBOU National Building Society, said economic patriotism was the answer
to economic sanctions against South Africa.

Mr Kuun, who was addressing the Afrikaunse Sakekamar [Afrikans Chamber of
Commerce] in Worcester, said it would be irresponsible in not to be mindful of
boycotts. But he believed that if everyone did his duty, South Africa would
be able to stand its ground better. than was imagined. All that was required
was strong, imaginative economic patriotism.

Economic patriotism meant, among other things, that South Africans should give
abolute and spontaneous. preference to South African products to stimulate
further investment in our own industries, he said. South Africans had to get
away from the idea that South African manufactured goods were of lower quality.
He referred to the great volume of knick-knacks like brooms, washing pegs

and dusters which were still imported. These.unnecessary imports cost the
country millions of rand in foreign exchange every year. The women of South
Africa, particularly, could do their bit for the country here.

Although economic sanctions would decidedly hurt South Africa, he believed that
the South African economy had strengthened itself. over the past two decades

to such an extent that such onslaughts could be much better handled than was
sometimes imagined. He did not believe that sanctions would have catastrophic
consequences. It had, however, to be expected that there would be a period of
economic disruption, adjustment and sacrifice.

95



any rate — and Pretoria has made no fur-
ther allegations of ANC operations from
Lesotho.

, But the military government has vehe-.
mently denied any official collaboration
with any anti-ANC hit squads. Spokesmen
say one of the main reasons for the coup
was to rid Lesotho of deaths squads, either
from South Africa or from the Kalashnikov-
wielding youth leaguers of Chief Jonathan's
Basotho National Party, who are blamed
for many deaths and disappearances before
the coup. .

“The last thing we want now is more:
death squads,” said one government leader.

The government's policy is to provide
asylum for any genuine refugees from.
South Africa, but to quickly move to third’
countries those who might provoke attacks!
from South Africa. In practice this has
meant virtually all of them.

But not all “refugees” who cross the bor-
der register with the government and the
United Nations High Commission for Refu-
gees (UNHCR).

“We have not got the capacity to monitor

all the refugees,” said a spokesman for the
Office of the Military Council: “Neither do
we have the capacity to monitor all the
people who might want to come in and
get rid of them. &

“So the best thing is for them to go to
another country of asylum which does not
have the same problems as we do because
of our geographic situation.”

The spokesman said the plan to move in-
coming refugees as quickly as possible to
third countries originated with the UNHCR.
At present most are going to UNHCR refu- ;
gee centres in Zambia and Kenya. ~

The UNHCR representative in Lesotho, '
Mr KO Doherty, said Lesotho’s encircle-
ment by South Africa put it in a “rather
peculiar situation” as far as refugees were
concerned, although it was not the only
country in the world from: which refugees
were being moved in a hurry to avoid
cross-border attacks.

He said 528 refugees from South Africa
were registered last year and by the end of
the year virtually all had gone to other
countries. Since the beginning of this year
about 250 had come in and at present only
20 were in the UNHCR reception centre.

Registered refugees
——

/9317
cso:

The question of whether refugees had an
option to. remain in Lesotho was described

3400/227

17

by Mr Doherty as “a grey area”. But for
some time all those who had registered had
chosen to move on from Lesotho to other
countries, he said.

It is estimated that about 200 “resident
refugees” have lived in Lesotho for several
years and in some cases have set up busin-
esses and married Basotho.

No estimates are available of the num-
ber of “unofficial” refugees who do not reg-
ister and who remain in Lesotho. Whether
the authorities always know how many
there are is questionable . ,

It is among these people and the known
“resident refugees” that any hit squads
would seek targets. 7 . i

The Lesotho government's policy is that |
any refugees remaining in the country must
not engage in political activity that could
cause friction with South Africa. But the:
extent of its control over their activities is!
another and more obscure matter. es

Government spokesmen deny allegations.
that the Lesotho police have refused to int!
vestigate complaints by hit squad victims:
The spokesmen say the police are investi:'
gating cases in which refugees have been
attacked or have disappeared. They believe
some of the attacks may have arisen from
internal feuds within refugee groups. 0

The hit squads, if they exist, would oper-
ate in a murky area awash with rumour
and in which the truth is difficult to ascer-;
tain without exhaustive investigation. :

‘Observers have pointed out that ‘hit,
squads probably would not need the co-op-'
eration of the Lesotho authorities. It would °
be fairly easy for them to‘cross the border,
do their work and return without the auth-
orities being aware of it until the victims
were missed or their bodies found.

In other areas the military government
appears not to have gone out of its way to
placate Pretoria. The Comminist bloc em- |
bassies that mushroomed in Maseru during |
the Jonathan era and which Pretoria would
obviously like to see removed are still there
and the government apparently has no in-
tention of having them removed, although it
would probably have no regrets if the sub-
version-prone North Koreans closed down
their embassy.

The new government has continued Le-
sotho’s customary denunciation of apart-
heid in international forums, although the
rhetoric is not as strident as in Chief Jon-
athan’s time. ‘



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

GOVERNOR OUTLINES 5-YEAR MASHONALAND DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 5 Oct 86 p 9

[Article by Tendayi Nyakunu]

[Text]

MASHONALAND Easti

ation of growth points;
and improving agricultu-

—that' is to ensure that!

. they have roads,

Province plans to ral pro Se tnenition of co telephones, __ electricity

spend about $65 mil- operatives will create aud safe drinking water:
e

lion on an ambitious
five-year development

more jobs for our youths,
especially schocl-leavers.
We have asked the min-

‘The province has 422
primary and 161 seconda-

. 4 ith, ry schoglg, with 16 more »
plan thar will foeis on istry of Youth, Sport ane undergoing different
the improvement of youths who graduate phases of STP vernot
health, education, From aa ceatives oe neaitte they would
transport, communiica- as a means of earning 2 ‘concentrate on ensuring
st ted ae nene im she living. that areas like ary

we and Mudzi were prov

province. ime Jiu FUE chiaanis iw since ecpemene

wide-ranging inter- encourage and help min- > has been ! y
wee With The Sunday ing co-operatives, ‘This there has Dee she nealth
Mail on Friday fhe Gov: will lead to the creation facilities in the whole
ernor of the province, of small-scale industries ‘country. ‘the situation has
Senator Rwizi_ Ziyenge and ihelp reduce unem- j been the same in Masho-
said: “The Five Year Pro- ployment levels,” said the! naland Bast Province.

vincial Development Plan
for - Mashonaland ‘ast

53-year-old governor.

‘According to the avail-

‘Purning to education, ‘there are 10
calls for the formulation Sen Ziyenge said that ale ae (istrict and
and ‘implementation of emphasis would be placed rural), 10 rural health

plans of various forms
and content.”

‘The main objectives of
the plan are: the promo-
tion of co-operatives; the
provision of adequate and
appropriate education

on providing adequate
‘and appropriate educa-
tional —_ facilities. “we
want to ensure that we
have enough qualified
staff for all schools in the
province by reducing the

centres and 80 clinics in
the province,

“Despite fhe massive
expansion of health facili-
ties since independence,
the situation is still very

facilities? improvement of Pitio of qualified teach- far atte wots ina U:
health and social services, ers which is currently one sumba,  Wraramba - ‘Pfun-
especially in Murewa and to 72 pupils. 2

Mudzi; the provision of
adequate water supplies;
improving, transport fa-
cilities by building feeder
roads _and new ones
where “required; provid-
ing telephone exchanged
to’ facilitate good com-
munication; the electrifi-
\

\

i
\

“We also aim to intro-
duce secondary schools in
the Varming communities
which have been neglected
by previous governments.
We also want to provide
a gocd infrastructure and
services to aif our schools

46

gwe-Zvataida district
councils have no hospi-
tals.

‘The present provincial
hospital is acutely inade-
quate in the outpatient,
maternity wings and
training school. Existing


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

He recalled conferences in 1979 and 1980 between business leaders and the
government, where the private sector thought it had "broken through the com-
munications barrier" and that reforms would result. "What we rather naive
businessmen failed to realise was that we were, in fact, being set up, that
those conferences were nothing more than a forum for the propagation of
governments policies."

He said Shell had now nailed its political colours to the mast--the company
condemned apartheid and would do "everything within its power to eradicate

this unjust system." Businessmen have to become far more active in accelerating
black advancement based on merit and not on tokenism. "Shell has started down
the road towards a new South Africa and there is no turning back...the argu-
ment that blacks are not competent to govern is irrelevant when these very
people have been denied the opportunity and educational foundations which will
render them competent to take their rightful place as equal citizens in the
society of South Africa."

In an apparent warning to employees who might. disagree with the company's
policy, he said its principles of non~racialism and non-discrimination were
in some cases being thwarted. "This cannot continue. It is imperative that
Shell show to the world a unity of purpose. It cannot afford employees who
will sell it down the river," he said.

Denies Disinvestment Reports
MB200659 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2114 GMT 19 Oct 86

[Text] Cape Town Oct 19 SAPA~-Shell was not..about to disinvest, nor was it
contemplating disinvesting from South Africa, the chairman and chief executive
officer of Shell SA [South Africa] Ltd, Mr John Wilson, said tonight.

Mr Wilson, commenting on reports over the weekend regarding threats of Shell's
disinvestment from South Africa, said in a statement: "At the outset, let

me make an unequivocal statement: Shell. is not about to disinvest, neither

is it contemplating disinvesting from South Africa. The Royal Dutch/Shell
Group, of which Shell SA is a wholly-owned subsidiary, has as recently as

23. September 1986 made its position regarding its continued existence in SA
absolutely clear," he said. "The chairman of the committee of managing
directors of the group, Mr Lo'van Wachem, on that date issued a letter to all
senior executives of Shell operating companies throughout the world.

"In this letter, he examines the moral arguments in. favour of disinvestment
at some length, and then proceeds to put the Shell view: I have to ask my-
self what contribution to the relief of these (South Africa's) problems Shell
would make by withdrawing. My honest opinion is none whatsoever. Withdrawal
which has no positive and probably some negative effects on the community
would not be a demonstration of moral rectitude, but of moral weakness. It
would be washing ones hands of any further social responsibility, let alone
any continuing responsibility for Shell employees in South Africa.

91



TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT TO STUDY SANCTIONS' EFFECTS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Oct 86 p 12

[Text]

/9317
CSO: 3400/230

WINDHOEK. — The
SWA Transitional Gov-
ernment has appointed an
inter-departmental com-
mittee to advise on the ef-
fects on the territory of
United — States-imposed
sanctions against South
‘Africa, the Minister of Fi-
nance, Mr Dirk Mudge,
said in Windhoek.

In a statement issued
yesterday, Mr Mudge said
any consequences of sanc-
tions on South Africa
would be felt in SWA
which received about
R500 million annnally in
direct aid from Pretoria.

Describing the imposi-
tion of trade boycotts as
“senseless”, Mr -Mudge
said the SWA Transition-

29

al Government would
carry through its policy of
abolishing the last few
remnants of racial dis-
crimination in. the territo-

Meanwhile, the leader

of the conservative Reho-
both Free Democratic
Party, Mr Hans Dier-
gaardt, said in a state-
ment at the weekend that;
he would be meeting Swa-
po’s leader, Mr Sam Nu-
joma, in Lusaka as soon
as an appointment could
be arranged. .
+ The interview with Mr
Nujoma would be in line
with an RFDP congress
resolution to make con-
tact with Swapo, Mr Dier-
gaardt said. — Sapa.

JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

NAMIBIA



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

KENYA

LESS COFFEE AVAILABLE FOR AUCTION

Nairobi FINANCIAL REVIEW in English 6 Oct 86 p 24

[Text]

19317

Until early next year when the next main
coffee crop’ is expected, Kenya may be
forced to reduce its offering at the weekly
coffee auctions from the normal 45,000
bags due to a shortage of quality coffee.
"The only new coffee that will be available
before then is the small and low quality
“fly crop”.

After last week’s auction, brokers repor-
ted that the country’s unsold coffee fell to
around 221,000 bags, enough for only five
weeks of normal exports. ‘Ihe Coffee
Board of Kenya’s liquoring department
said that the current coffee millings are
mostly grade AB and C, with little of
grade AA. Auctioneers told traders that
the offerings this month will be mis-
cellaneous.

In last week’s auction, the market trend
remained firm but failed to maintain the
previous week’s high levels, as early
October commitments are already
satisfied. During the coffee year which
ended last week, Kenya sold 123,000
tonnes of coffee, which was 26,000 tonnes
more than the country produced in 1985.
‘The suspension of coffee quotas in
February this year has enabled the
country to sell off surplus stocks from past
years.

Meanwhile, in ‘l'anzania, the minister
for agriculture and livestock develop-
ment, Mr. Paul Bomani, last week urged
farmers in the country to produce more

csO: 3400/231

13

coffee and take advantage of the suspen-
sion of coffee quotas. He assured the
farmers that the increased producer coffee
prices decided upon last June would be
paid without delay. Bomani appealed to
the farmers to set up new cotfee nurseries
and replace old coffee plants with new
ones, adding that the government would
spend ‘lanzania shs.300m to build two
coffee plants in Mbinga and Mbozi to
minimise transport costs to the Moshi
curing plant. During the 1984-85 coffee
season, ‘I'anzania sold 45,725 tonnes of
coffee worth two billion shillings, com-
pared to 44, 787 tonnes worth shs. 1.7b
sold the previous year.

While coffee exports from Kenya and
‘Yanzania increased last coffee year,
Uganda’s exports declined by 7,500
tonnes to a level of 144,000 tonnes. ‘I'he
country’s co-operative and marketing
minister, Mr. Chrispus Kiyonga,
attributed this to the civil war which
ended in January this year. Before the
war ended, President Yoweri Museveni’s
forces cut off southern Uganda which
accounts for about 40 per cent of the coun-
try’s coffee crop and:also smuggled coffee
into neighbouring countries. Currently,
the coffee market in the country is still
strong and this is expected to prevail up
to December, an official of the Uganda
Coffee marketing Board said last week.



Dr Dhlomo warned that the government was unlikely to offer any major reforms
while violence continued and that violence was likely to continue in the ab-
sence of such major reform. The impending black unemployment and starvation
caused by sanctions could further increase violence. An equally Catch-22
situation was that there would be no reform without economic growth but no
economic growth without reform. Seen in this light, sanctions against South
Africa appeared to be part of the problem and not part of the solution. All
Western approaches to the dismantling of apartheid and the promotion of
peaceful change and negotiation in South Africa had been negative and puni-
tive. "Consequently," Dr Dhlomo said, "the South African minority rulers, .
who are the perpetrators of apartheid, have never been afforded an attractive
and feasible inducement to work for the rapid dismantling of apartheid." Its
dismantling had been portrayed wittingly or unwittingly as heralding black
majority rule and the inevitable trampling over white minority rights,
bringing a dreaded lowering of socio-economic standards and endemic all-round
inefficiency. This was the perception most South African whites had of
black-ruled African states. The approach should emphasise SARP's constructive
and helpful aim of getting South Africa out of international isolation and
universal rejection. In effect it would be helping the country to help itself.

/6662
CSO: | 3400/244

57



Briefs
Businessmen Attracted to Mauritius
GM To Stay 5 Years
8,000 Cape Town Families Hungry
Cape Refugees Face Malnutrition

INDUSTRIAL/S&T

Luxury Cars in Demand by Emigrants
(Dominique Gilbert; BUSINESS DAY, 12 Sep 86) ..sscseseeeees

Gar Sales Seen as Good Economic Indicator
(David Furlonger; BUSINESS DAY, 24 Sep 86) ssssccseesseeee

Metal, Engineering Industries Still in Doldrums
(David Furlonger; BUSINESS DAY, 30 Oct 86) .sesssveeeeeues

Briefs
WW Recovery Reported
Mining Industry Spending Increases
CRB To Take Over Xidex
Computer System’for Reef Trains
Inland Fuel Projects
Auto Part Manufacturers' New Markets

/7310

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102

103
103
103
104
104
104


JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

OBJECTION TO SADF IN DETAINEE PROGRAMS—-National servicemen are allegedly
being used in programs to change the antigovernment. attitudes of.-detainees.
This has been revealed by the Progressive Federal Party's [PFP] unrest monitor-
ing and action committee... Committee chairman Jan va Eck says.the. servicemen
pose as what he called do-gooders in civilian clothing and provide educational
and recreational course for political detainees. Mr Van Eck ‘says the country
cannot allow national :servicemen.to be dragged into a political war, for that
is why the detainees are there in the first place. -He says the Defense Force .
should .be above politics. In reply, the prison service Says national service-
men have often been used in. the prison service, and a number of them have re-
cently been used by the service in view of their specialised educational back-
ground to uplift and educate prisoners. The latest revelations follow the
recent reports that the Department of Education and Training. camps were being
used by former detainees. [Text] [Umtata Capital Radio in English 1100 GMT
19 Oct 86 MB]  /6662

CsO: 3400/245

89



JPRS-SSA-86-113
13 November 1986

UGANDA

KENYAN AUTHORITIES TIGHTEN BORDER SECURITY
Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 3 Oct 86 p 24

[Text]

WITHIN. the last two weeks, both the
‘Kenyan and Ugandan governments have
denied reports that Kenya has. closed its
borders with Uganda. ‘The reports. were
prompted by. a tightening of border
controls by. the Kenyan authorities and
the exercise has been. so vigorous that to
some people, it amounted to a closure of
the border. it was Ugandan newspapers,
that. first. reported the alleged. border
‘closure, suggesting that relations between.
the two countries were beginning to sour.
In a bid to avert further speculation, the
Ugandan minister of state for. internal
affairs, Dr. Chris. Besigwe, immediately
issued a statement denying the. reports,
saying that difficulties had arisen from a
routine clampdown on illegal immigrants
by the Kenyan’ authorities. Last week, it
.was the turn of Kenya’s minister of state
in the office of the president, Mr. Justus ole
‘Lipis, to also deny the rumours, but ‘lipis
went a little further and. asked those
Ugandans living in. Kenya to go back
home ‘and help in‘the reconstruction of
:their country.

‘fipis was, however, more concerned
about the activities of some Ugandan
immigrants in Kenya. “It has occurred to
us,” he said in hig statement, “that there
are many Ugandans who entered our
country illegally without any travel docu-
ments or identification, and some of these
illegal: aliens have been known to have
engaged themselves in criminal activities
here in. Kenya and Uganda, ‘thereby
“posing a security. threat to both coun-
tries.” ‘lipis explained that the govern-

34

ment has the sacred duty of safeguarding
and maintaining ' ‘security in the country,
and it is against this background that it
periodically carries ‘out security opera-
tions against criminal elements. ‘Ihe
minister was referring to a.security opera-
tion launched in western Kenya three
weeks. ago, in which 200 foreigners, most.
of them from Uganda, were arrested ds
part of the drive to end lawlessness in the
region.. Saying that the exercise would
continue, ‘lipis explained that the
country had experienced a spate of
criminal activities in major. towns: and
areas. along the western border, which
necessitated .the operation to apprehend
those. involved.

As for the general presence of Ugandans:
in Kenya, the minister said that. there had
been .an influx of Ugandans. into. the
country for a long time, as a -result of
political instability in their own country.
Some, he said, had entered the country
using the required’ documents: and. had
been allowed to live.among Kenyans. But
now that the security situation.in Uganda
has improved considerably, said ‘l'ipis, “it
is our feeling that Ugandans living here.
and elsewhere should go back: and assist
their brothers and sisters. in: the
reconstruction of their country.” ‘ipis did
not indicate that the Kenyan government
had any quarrel with Uganda,

Reports from Kampala say, however,
that the border controls have affected the
prices of essential commodities imported
from Kenya: Last.wéek, the Roman.
Catholic Church-backed vernacular



Foreign exchange would become a scarce item, so South Africans would have to
do without luxury imports. Mr Kuun pointed out that scarce foreign exchange
would perforce have to be rationed to those sectors and industries which needed
priority from the national economic point of view. Economic patriotism also
meant that South Africans should demonstrate confidence in the economic future
and believe in themselves. It implied also that the various population groups
should trust each other. In addition, the public as well as private sectors
would have to exercise discipline regarding saving, purposeful application of
production factors and well judged utilisation of energy resources.

Although a boycott of the country's exports should not be underestimated, it
was doubtful whether such boycotts could be successful. Mr Kuun warned, how-
ever, that economic patriotism did not imply unqualified reprisals as the
first reaction. Such action was contrary to the principle of free trade and
was also not the action expected of a civilised country. He said he believed
that the national economy was in the process of building up steam after a long
and deep recession, and that a positive growth rate could not be exluded for
this year.

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96


/9317

they say, disappeared into military
expenditure; urban consumption; and
large-scale industrial projects dependent
of foreign exchange, foreign know-how,
inputs and operating at 10-15 per cent
capacity. if more of the coffee’s value were
retained in the rural areas, the farmers
say, it would be invested in small-scale
industries that are traditionally labour
intensive, local resource-based and
dependent on fewer foreign inputs. Such a
move would inevitably improve an
income distribution which has a chronic
urban bias and then also, fewer state
resources would be required to guard
Uganda’s borders against smuggling. At
the moment, ‘l'amale estimates that
almost all the valuable arabica coffee crop
in West Nile, north-western Uganda, and
75 per cent of Mbale crop in north-eastern
region, disappears over the borders to
Zaire and Kenya where it fetches a higher
price. .

CSO: 3400/256

37

‘he background to the 1986/87 report
also states that coffee continues to
account for the lion’s share of Uganda’s
exports. Between 1981 and 1985 coffee
accounted on average for 94.0 per cent of
total merchandise exports compared with
a share of 97.3 per cent between 1978 and
1980. Coffee exports increased from
110,000 tonnes in 1980 to 174,700 tonnes
in 1982, followed by a moderate decline to
133,200 tonnes in:1984, before increasing
again in 1985 to 151,500 tonnes (an
increase of 13.7 per cent). According to a
top official with CMB, Uganda will meet
its 160,000 tonne export quota (allocated
by the 1CO before the quotas were
suspended) by the end of the coffee year
this month. Despite some recovery, the
volume of coffee exports continues to lag
behind the peak of 214,200 tonnes in 1972,
states the report. An increase in volume of
exports in 1982 reflected a diversion of
coffee from smuggling to official markets
due to substantial produce price
increases, adds the report.