Good rains are necessary to ensure maize deliveries are maintained around the
1.75 million ton level, giving Zimbabwe not only food self-sufficiency but a
margin for export to its famine-hit neighbors.

The value of mining output expanded only eight percent in the first five
months of 1986 after experiencing a 15 percent upswing in 1986, but the firmer
gold price should assist Zimbabwe with its many small scale mines.

There has been a marked slowdown in Zimbabwean industrial expansion to only
2.65 percent in the first four months of 1986 compared to an average [word
indistinct] last year.

"The loss of some South African export. markets now seems very: likely, possibly
associated with delays in receipt of. imported inputs," said the bulletin.

The bank reported "some disconcerting developments" in Zimbabwean. Government
policy with a 52 percent increase in the budget deficit, pointing to a
burgeoning debt-service burden of some 25 percent of total revenue.

After falling from its peak of 26 percent in September 1983 to less than
8 ‘percent two years later, inflation increased again to 13.6 percent in- the
first half of 1986 and might rise to 15 percent, predicted the bulletin.

The bank believed Zimbabwean participation in the package of sanctions, which
include moves to discourage tourism from South Africa, would have a severe
impact on hotels, which last year benefitted by a 14 percent increase to
362,000 in the number of visitors, half of whom came from South Africa.

Given encouragement, tourism could be one of Zimbabwe's top foreign currency
earners after tobacco, gold, ferrochrome and cotton, said the bulletin.

19738
cso: 3400/36

14


Ngoyi, who lives in Port Elizabeth, came from a political family which included
former Federation of South African Women President Lilian Ngoyi. In the late
1940's he joined the African National Congress and came under the influence

of political leaders like Govan Mbeki and Raoymond Mhlaba. He later became
chairman of.a Port Elizabeth ANC branch. After the ANC was banned, Ngoyi
became active in Umkhonto we Sizwe, and after being detained in 1961 he was
sentenced to 21 years imprisonment on Robben Island.

Following his release in 1982, Ngoyi joined the Port Elizabeth Black Civic.
Organization (Pebco) and was later elected vice president. In October 1983
he was elected Eastern Cape UDF president and was re-elected in 1985. During
the last State of Emergency he was detained for four months and his house was
petrol bombed. He was also shot by the police in clashes in Port Elizabeth
last year. He is facing charges in relation to the death of a suspected
informer. Ngoyi is married and has a daughter.

/9738
CsO: 3400/30

35



JPRS+SSAz86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY NOTES APPEAL FOR AID TO HELP BLACKS
MB180825 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 18 Sep 86
[Station Commentary: "European Community Sanctions"]

[Text] The considered opinion of two Western leaders, Mrs Margaret Thatcher
of Britain and West Germany's De Helmut Kohn, is that economic sanctions
against South Africa are unlikely to have the desired effect. This view
coincides with that of the leader of the West, President Ronald Reagan of the
United States, and the (?former events) of history had proved the ineffective-
ness of sanctions. The Rhodesian experience over a long period of time showed
that there were always some traders and [word indistinct] more than willing to
profit from the imposition of sanctions.

South Africa has already been a target of sanctions for several decades and
has a healthy armaments industry as evidence of the ingenuity and enterprise
which the imposition of a mandatory arms embargo unwittingly engendered. It
was believed though that the imposition of the arms embargo would (?not par—
ticularly lessen) our own trade with the West. South Africa is largely self-
sufficient in as far as [word indistinct] affairs, but because their refusal to
provide South Africa with the replacements for its obsolete Shackleton surveil~
lance aircraft and their refusal to avail themselves of the facilities provided
at the Simonstown naval base, the Western nations have dealt themselves a
(?weakening) blow.

The effects which sanctions might well have, said Mrs Thatcher and Mr Kohl, were
starvation and poverty for many thousands of black South Africans--not only
South Africans of course, but also many thousands of blacks in other Southern
states. Mrs Thatcher and Mr Kohl both made the point that an important

point to go over will be to propose some positive measures to help bring about
change in South Africa. Among these positive measures Mr Kohl mentioned could
be the undertaking of a major program to educate and train young blacks. This
is precisely the sort of aid the South African Government has appealed for.

What the black people of South Africa and indeed the whole southern African
region need more than anything else is economic development and social uplift-
ment. [words indistinct] foreign investment. With the investment of foreign
capital [word indistinct] which will lead to a considerable improvement in the
quality of life for (?many) black South Africans, It is true that disinvestment
and the banning of new investments can only stop this process. There is no way
then that South Africa can fulfill its role of being the catalyst for economic
development in the rest of the subcontinent.

/12232

CsO: 3400/7 31



Angola, to put it simply, is the spearhead of the Soviet empire's expansionism
in southern Africa. It is in recognition of this fact that the Reagan
Administration in the United States is providing covert aid to UNITA,
currently amounting to R37 million. American aid to UNITA was cut off in
1976--at a critical stage in the civil war--when Congress passed the Clark
amendment.

Last year the Clark amendment was repealed. This week United States aid to
UNITA was upheld by the House of Representatives by a 43 vote majority. While
the government aids UNITA, American interests are exploiting Angolan oil,
which last year provided the Marxist MPLA Government with more than 90 percent
of its income. But, as oil prices fall and the prospects of a victory in the
civil war recede, President Dos Santos is making overtures to the United
States. Last month he invited President Reagan to visit Luanda.

But the real talking must be between President Dos Santos and Dr Jonas
Savimbi, the UNITA leader. That, and the expulsion of alien troops, rep-
resents the only road to peace in troubled Angola.

/9738
cso: 3400/30

40


JPRSSSA+86+104
14 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

COMMENTARY WARNS OF RSA DISINFORMATION CAMPAIGN
MB181321 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 18 Sep 86
[Station commentary]

[Text] The white minority government of South Africa is spending millions of
dollars in its military and economic destabilization campaign against inde-
pendent neighboring states. This aggression is just one side of the destabili-
zation coin. The other side of the coin is misinformation. This campaign is
based on lies, half-truths, speculation, and distortions; it is the most insidi-
ous and dangerous of all because it plays on the mind, seeks to create doubts,
and indoctrinates,

In recent weeks, this campaign has been gaining momentum. Last Week in Lusaka,
Zambia's President Kaunda revealed that Pretoria was increasing its misinforma-
tion campaign against Zambaian nation.’ Dr Kaunda said the South African regime,
like the defeated Ian Smith regime of Rhodesia, was sending anonymous circulars
with messages aimed at smearing the Zambian leadership. Dr Kaunda said it was

possible that Zambian businessmen, who are easy prey for use in this campaign,

would be recruited by Pretoria.

Earlier this year, in Zimbabwe's capital, Harare, a mysterious publication,
similar in format to that of the official ZANU Party magazine, was circulated.
This publication's content was against Zimbabwe, its people, and the ZANU Party,
as well as against Zimbabwean solidarity with Mozambique. It suggested that
Zimbabwean troops should be withdrawn from Mozambique. These troops are in
Mozambique to help defend the country against Pretoria's undeclared war on

the Mozambican state. The origin of the publication was betrayed by the paper's
watermark, traced back to a South African publishing company. The aim was to
confuse people.

Pretoria's tactics of divide and rule are not only directed beyond its borders,
Inside Cape town, a mysterious anti-ANC publication was circulated last week.
This glossy magazine, in an international format, was entitled: Face to face
with the African National Congress. The magazine had articles trying to dis-
credit the ANC, It did not contain the names of either authors or publishers.
Subsequent information within the South African publishing industry indicated
that a pro-government agency had published the magazine.


JPRSSSA+86=104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BUSINESS RESPONDS TO TUTU CHALLENGE ON SANCTIONS
MB120752 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0736 GMT 12 Sep 86

[Text] Cape Town, 12 September, SAPA--Business has responded with a measure
of exasperation and some pique to the challenge by Archbishop Desmond Tutu for
a viable, non-violent alternative to sanctions as a means to end apartheid.

Pick 'n Pay's chairman, Mr Raymond Ackerman, believes the call implies a dis-
regard for the considerable effort leading businessmen are already making in
this regard.

Mr Ackerman said in an interview with a Cape Town morning newspaper business
had been a "viable lobby" for a change and did far more than merely place ad-
vertisements in newspapers.

“We are fighting in a meaningful way to scrap apartheid," he said.

An Assocom [Association of Chambers of Commerce] spokesman, Mr Ken Warren,
said the association's alternative strategy to sanctions was stated in a re-
cently published study of constitutional options.

“What is now needed is an effective consultative mechanism which will enable
black and white political leaders to negotiate a new constitution which would
hopefully embody many of the norms to which business subscribes," Mr Warren
said.

Archbishop Tutu threw down the gauntlet to opponents of sanctions during his
charge--a policy statement--after his enthronement as head of the Anglican Church
in southern Africa in Cape Town on Sunday.

He said: "The onus must be on those who say no to sanctions to provide us with
a viable non-violent strategy to force the dismantling of apartheid. Remember
that the government has rejected gently persuasion."

Mr Ackerman said: "There are many businessmen putting in a considerable effort
to achieve goals such as the release of detainees, the lifting of the state of
emergency and the setting up of negotiating forums where black and white leaders
can talk in an effort to find common ground."

50


JSPRS#SSA¥86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

PFP MP AT MEETING--Durban, 14 September, SAPA--South Africa was in a hurry for
reform, Mr Ray Swart, Natal Leader of the Progressive Federal Party (PFP) told
a public meeting at Wentworth, Durban's largest coloured township, today. He
told the meeting called by the People's Congress Party (PCP) that "fiddling"
with reform step-by-step was not the answer. Although reform had taken place,
more changes through consultation were needed urgently to counter sanctions
threats. The "bottom-line" still was how all the people of South Africa were
to take part in decisionmaking at the highest level, he said. [Text]
{Johannesburg SAPA in English 1908 GMT 14 Sep 86 MB] /12232

STANDARD OF LIVING FALL--Disinvestment, the poor economic conditions, and the
drought have been named in a report. by a market research group as direct causes
of South Africans having to reduce their standard of living drastically. The
group, Markinor, says.a survey showed that 27 percent of whites and 63 percent
of black people had to make adjustments to their living standards this year.

It also found that this year whites were generally less pessimistic about the
country's economic future than last year. Items on which greater savings were
made included holidays, groceries, strong liquor, clothing, and entertainment.
Consumers also compared prices more often before buying articles. [Text]
[Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0915 GMT 18 Sep 86 MB] /12232

ECONOMIC REORIENTATION OF. BLACKS--The chairman of the Minister's Council in
the House of Representatives, the Rev Allan Hendrickse, says South Africa
faces the challenge of giving black people political. bargaining. power. He
says to place them in a position to make their mark in the economic sphere,
Mr Hendrickse, who was addressing a businessmen's conference at Kroonstad,
said there should be safety mechanisms however to ensure that the decision-
making process did not have disruptive economic consequences and also that .
the economic position of any group or the economy in general was not negatively
affected. Mr Hendrickse said the sanctions campaign against South Africa
was hypocritical and was opped by the majority of South Africans. He said
investigations had show, for example, that if total sanctions were imposed
on South Africa, Western countries would suffer the loss of 5,000 jobs.
Britain would be hardest hit because it had 500,000 people dependent on South
African trade. Mr Hendrickse said South Africa's neighbors would also be
hard hit by sanctions and that the jobs of up to 1.5 million migrant workers
could be affected. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1600
GMT 19 Sep 86 MB] /9738

48


JIPRSSSA+864104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

EDUCATION DIRECTOR REJECTS IDEA OF SINGLE DEPARTMENT
MB230631 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2120 GMT 22 Sep 86

[Text] Durban, 22 Sep (SAPA)--One education department for all race groups
and multi-racial schools were ill-advised and not an answer to South Africa's
problems, Dr H.J.S. Stone, chief director of the Department of Education and
Culture said today.

Dr Stone was guest speaker at the first day of the Natalse Onderwysersunie
[Teachers Union] Congresses being held at a Durban beachfront hotel. The
congress ends tomorrow.

Dr Stone said the present education system was being fought by people who
felt it was based on race instead of culture and was actually a form of
apartheid. These people also believed the system polarized youth, continued
old divisions and inequalities, stood in the way of good race relations and
led to added expense with educational functions being duplicated. "If just
half of this is true we are busy doing South Africa a disservice," he said.

On the other hand, others felt that the present teaching system had taken away
the right of self-determination in the white education system by coupling
financing, service conditions, cirriculae and examinations for different race
groups. If this was true, damage was being done by the new dispensation, he
said. Dr Stone said he therefore felt it necessary to set the record straight.

It.was necessary to view the objections against the background of certain
development within and outside South Africa, which was rich with people of
different cultural backgrounds, and it was important to.realize that South
Africa was not the only country that had separate education departments.
"Switzerland has 26," he said.

It was also a mistake to assume that separate departments. could not be equal
departments. This assumption led to the unsuccessful "melting pot" ideal
in teaching in America in the 1950's. The Americans soon found that one's
own culture was the only departure point for a good education, he said.

46


JIPRS#SSAr86%104
14 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

EEC BEEF EXPORTS SUSPENDED--Beef supplies to the EEC market have been
temporarily suspended because of the shortage of cattle. The minister of lands,
agriculture and rural settlement, Comrade Moven Mahachi, told the Senate
yesterday that the suspension has been caused by the draught which decimated
many beast for slaughter. He said the cattle which survived the draught are
not yet ready for slaughter. Comrade Mahachi said the beef shortage has also
caused the Cold Storage Commission to close the Mutare abattori and let the
other abattorfis at Chinoyi, Marondera and Kadoma. open once a week. He appealed
to senators to encourage the people to feed cattle for slaughter instead of
keeping them as status symbols. The minister said there is need to control
the production of certain cereals such as maize, which he said is not in
stockpiles because it cannot be sold competitively. On the resettlement
exercise, Comrade Mahachi said the target of 15,000 families to be resettled
every year will soon be reached, because the government has acquired several
abandoned farms. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 19 Sep
86 MB] /9738

COMMUNAL FARMERS DEFAULTING ON LOANS--The governor for the Midlands Province
has disclosed that less than half of the communal farmers who applied for loans
from the Agricultural Finance Corporation [AFC] in the Zishavane and Mberengwa
will be given the loans. Comrade Tranos Makombe was speaking at the official
opening of the 4-day agricultural show at Mabasa rural service center in
Zishavane yesterday. He noted. that most farmers in the district had not paid
back their initial loans and the AFC will therefore not advance them any more
loans. The governor also urged the people in these districts to contribute
towards the development of their areas by paying $3 [Zimbabwean] annual
development levy. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 19

Sep 86 MB] /9738

cso: 3400/36

18


JPRSSSAn86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

HENDRICKSE DEFENDS PARTICIPATION IN PARLIAMENT
MB150521 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1808 GMT 14 Sep 86

[Text] Durban, 14 September, SAPA~-The leader of the Labour Party and chairman
of the Ministers Council in the House of Representatives, the Reverend Allan
Hendrickse, today defended his party's participation in the tricameral dispen-
sation.

By its presence in parliament, the party had been able to get 34 acts of parli-
ament amended or repealed, he said at the party's Natal Regional Congress at a
Durban beachfront hotel.

There was no doubt apartheid was being removed in legislation, he said.

Mr Hendrickse recalled the party's decision taken 3 years ago at its Eshowe
Congress to participate in the tricameral system and said the party had made
its presence felt in parliament.

The second session of parliament had come to an “abrupt end" earlier this
month because the Labour Party's representatives on the Constitutional Develop-
ment and Planning Standing Committee had refused to participate in preparing
and supporting proposed legislation which was discriminatory, he said.

Mr Hendrickse said that in spite of the new constitutions inadequacies, the
fact remained that for the first time "people of colour" were now participating
in decisionmaking at the highest level.

The fact that blacks were not yet included was a matter for regret. However,

no one could deny that apartheid was now in the process of being dismantled--

and South Africa today was not the same as it was 2 years ago (before the com-
ing of the tricameral system).

The Labour Party had become a partner in the process of reform, he said.

Mr Hendrickse said the future of South Africa would be decided by people of
colour sitting at a table with the state president, Mr P.W. Botha, and other
Afrikaners.

No amount of dedication to violence of expectation of power to be handed over
on a platter was going to materialise, he said.

/12232
cso: 3400/7


Briefs
Conservative MP on Black Defense
Planning Committee for Natal-Kwazulu

SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

People's Congress Party Leader on Role of Moderates
(SAPA, 14 Sep 86) .ssevececcecercsevevesccscecceessevseeenes

Catholic Priests Support Call for Economic Pressure
(SAPA, 14 Sep 86).ccccseccsecccvecace

eee eeeecerecceee

Commentary Attacks NUM Leadership Stand on Sanctions
(Johannesburg International Service, 23 Sep 86)..cccscceeece

Commentary Stresses Sanctions Effects on Blacks
(Johannesburg International Service, 17 Sep 86)...ccesoeeee

Commentary Notes Appeal for Aid To Help Blacks
(Johannesburg International Service, 18 Sep 86)..cccessoees

WEEKLY MAIL Carries ‘Apartheid Barometer‘
(THE WEEKLY MAIL, 19-25 Sep 86)..ccseseceveceecs

Henrickse Defends Participation in Parliament
(SAPA, 14 Sep 86)esccsescsccceseceevagcevcsescacseseseenace

Rejection of Indaba Rights Bill Denied
(SAPA, 12 Sep 86). ccccccsecccccccreccececncecscecuseeeeeece

Mines Official Warns of 'Unhealthy' Union Activities
(SAPA, 15 Sep 86).ssascessececcceecescccecsccesssceeesssees

Commentary Evaluates Communist Presence in Angola
(SAPA, 18 Sep 86) ccccccccccccccecercvccscecscssencseeescees

Commentary Praises Khayelitsha Urbanization
(Johannesburg International Service, 19 Sep 86)....eeeceers

Radio Commentary on Youth Camp Row
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 22 Sep 86).cesssesevecseese

PFP Leader Warns DET Against Links ¢o Security Functions
(SAPA, 20 Sep 86).ccccececccnccceversvecececececessceereees

Education Director Rejects Idea of Single Department
(SAPA, 22 Sep 86) ceceececevecesceeerece

Pomme reece ecences

Briefs
PFP MP at Meeting
Standard of Living Fall
Economic Reorientation of Blacks
NPP Opposes Indian Participation

-c-

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49


IPRSSSAs867104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY ATTACKS NUM LEADERSHIP STAND ON SANCTIONS
MB230905 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 23 Sep 86
{Station commentary: "Sanctions and Disruption on the Mines"]

[Text] The call by the Chamber of Mines of South Africa on the Nati nal Union
of Mineworkers [NUM] to clearly state its views on sanctions and the threat of
disrupting the gold mining industry is important. Black mine workers
represent the biggest group of workers in South Africa and any threat to
their jobs can be seen only in the most serious light.

The Chamber of Mines is justifiably concerned that the president of NUM,
Mr James Motlatse, was reflecting the policy of his union when, in a tele-
vision program in Britain last week, he called for sanctions against South
Africa and expressed the wish to see South Africa's mines closed down.
Other statements made recently by the NUM's general secretary, Mr Cyril
Ramaphosa, in Wales and Germany in support of sanctions reinforces the
chamber's concern.

Mr Motlatse said in the program that the workers are willing to lose their jobs
in the interests. of the cause. There is not a of evidence to support
this. All the evidence makes nonsense of this claim by Mr Motlatse: We want
to see the mines closed down because we are getting nothing from the mines.
There is meticulous documentation of every facet of the mining industry in

the country, including the breakdown of earnings. The figures show that labor,
as a group, in fact constitutes the biggest single beneficiary of the mining
industry.

For every rand the industry receives from gold sales, 32 cents goes to labor
as a group. The next biggest cut 2205 cents goes to the go-ernment in tax;

15 cents goes on electricity and other running expenses. Another 15 cents

is allocated for machinery and expansion, leaving only about 15.5 cents out
of every rand, which goes to the owners of the mines, the share holders. The
workers in fact get double what the shareholders get. These facts give little
room for doubt that the NUM leadership is more concerned with mobilizing the
movement for political confrontation with the government, than with industrial
relations issues on the mines and the workers' interest.

It will have to accept the responsibility for the consequences of such action.

19738
cso: 3400/32

29



JPRS#SSA¥86~104
14 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

MUGABE EXPECTED TO RESOLVE CRISIS IN STEEL WORKS
MB190819 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0739 GMT 19 Sep 86

[Text] Bulawayo, 19 Sep (SAPA)--Sparks are continuing to fly at Zimbabwe's
state-owned iron and steel works, ZISCO, with the minister of labor demanding
the instant re-instatement of the managing director and the chairman of the
government~appointed board of directors apparently defying the order.

Mr Christopher Mapondera, who became the first black head of the debt-ridden
para-statal two years ago, was provisionally suspended earlier this week by
ZISCO's board of directors, chaired by Mr Lazarus Rushambwa. The action
required the approval of the minister of trade and commerce, Dr Oliver
Munyaradzi.

THE HERALD reports from Bulawayo that Zimbabwe's minister of labor, manpower
planning and social welfare, Mr Frederick Shava intervened yesterday and
ordered Mr Mapondera*s re-instatement with immediate effect.

Mr Rushambwa, however, was late last night still attempting to bar Mr
Mapondera from the ZISCO premises, situated near Kwekwe in the Zimbabwean
midlands.

Mr Mapondera becomes the latest "hello-goodbye" case among the chiefs of
Zimbabwean government para-statals. Similar sudden dismissals and re-
instatements have recently occurred at Air Zimbabwe and the National railways.

Mr Mapondera has been a controversial boss for workers and trade unionists at
ZISCO, which receives government subsidies averaging R100 million a year.
Continued efficient operation of the steelworks is a source of anxiety for
Zimbabwean industrialists, who are faced with a likely ban on imports from
South Africa.

Mr Mapondera's suspension followed the report of an inquiry into the
operations at ZISCO.

The Zimbabwean Prime Minister, Mr Robert Mugabe, is expected to intervene to
resolve the crisis, as in the previous controversies at the National airline
and the railways.



19274
cs0:

3400/12

It'is the “inculcation of Sound norms “anid valiie}
systems in partnership with parents and: col-;
leagues. It is the building of a foundation for life. It
is taking a child by the-hand and moulding him‘
with love and through example for.a responsible
life. . oa . yoo
Your dedicated colleagues, our pupils, their par-
ents and everyone in. this country need teach-/
ers who have made true education their calling. |

This is especially true as we have committed
ourselves to reform and now that many significant
changes are taking place in our education.

There are many exciting projects aimed at im-'
proving the quality of education, such as the bridg-
ing period for pre-school children, career edu- ,
cation, imaginative in-service and further training °
programmes for teachers and various upgrading
programmes at different levels.

But the success of these projects and future
developments in education depend on everyone's
commitment now.

You asked yourself whether it was still possi-
ble to make a contribution. My answer to you is a
resounding ‘yes’.

It is still possible to make a contribution to the
education of our children.

Now more than ever before.

And not only possible, but absolutely essential.

‘We should not be discouraged or frightened by
imaginary or real ‘brick walls’. ~

‘The future is not a set of promises — it is a set of
challenges.

In the words of Eleanor Roosevelt: “You gain
strength, courage and confidence by every experi-
ence in which you really stop to look adversity in
the face.

“You are able to say to yourself ‘I lived through
this. I can take the next thing that comes along’.

“You must do the thing you think you cannot do.

“One must never, for whatever reason, turn one’s
back on life.”

pau



JIPRS#SSAx867104
14 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

BANANA SPEAKS TO SOUTH AFRICAN CLERGY
MB221044 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1036 GMT 22 Sep 86

[Text] Harare, 22 Sep (SAPA)--Zimbabwean President Canaan Banana told about
120 South African churchmen in Harare today that the church in southern Africa
seriously needed to propagate a "gospel of combat" against apartheid.

ZIANA News Agency reports the president as saying there had not been a “force-
ful reply.from the church" to apartheid. He was addressing the opening session
of the five-day general assembly of the Presbyterian Church of Southern
Africa, which is being attended by about 160 delegates from South Africa,
Zimbabwe and Zambia—-most of them from South Africa.

The president, himself a Methodist minister, said southern Africa stood on
the edge of a great precipice. "Today we confront a vicious evil, an evil
that unashamedly walks by day, manacling truth, stabbing justice, shooting
at freedom and rendering collectivity apart, in short, destroying freedom.

"Our past and present speak of horrors heavier than words can carry, more
harrowing thani:the senses can suffer--Tembuya, Chimoio, Nyadzonia, Matola,
Maseru, Gaberone, Sharpeville, Soweto--the list is unending...

"Does the church not see the child crying in Soweto, that sobbing widow in
black? How about the teenager groaning under apartheids jackboot?TM

He said he shuddered to think or hear that the church had lost its nerve or,
even more frightening, "has bought shares in apartheid incorporated," ZIANA
reported.

Saying the time for resolutions had passed, President Banana went on: “The
church in southern Africa seriously needs to consider and propagate a gospel
of combat; a theology of promise that lays stress on the just struggle of the
oppressed.

?2It must react to situations of oppressions in South Africa and Namibia in
their full complexity; the social, cultural, religious, economic and the
political."

/9738
cso: 3400/36

7



JPRS ¢SSA+86 4104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY STRESSES SANCTIONS EFFECTS ON BLACKS
MB170742 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 17 Sep 86

[Station commentary: "Myths About Sanctions"]

[Text] Among the many and varied aspects of the question of economic sanctions
against South Africa, two are of particular importance: the fact the majority
of the people who will be hardest hit by them do not support them and the
fallacy that sanctions will (?bring in a system) of peaceful change.

Both points were referred to yesterday by South Africa's Foreign Minister Pik
Botha in his reaction to the EEC announcement on provisional sanctions. The
South African Government, Mr Botha said, had repeatedly challenged the pro-
ponents of sanctions to show that they had the support of the majority of
people who will be affected by them, He would also like to have it explained
to him, he said, how economic pressure would help to bring about peaceful
change to which his government was, in fact, committed.

On the question for internal support for sanctions, it has been established
beyond any doubt that the majority of South African blacks are opposed to dis-
investment and economic sanctions as are the governments of South Africa's
neighboring black states. This has been reflected in numerous local surveys
as well as overseas-conducted opinion polls.

Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi, the leader of the Zulu nation and president of the
largest black political organization in South Africa, has described sanctions
and disinvestment as madness. He said recently that overseas politicians had

a right to do whatever they saw best for their own countries concerning invest-
ments but if they adopt certain policies because they are concerned the apartheid
policy in this country, it is essential for them to take into account the views
of the victims of apartheid, he said. Regarding the belief that sanctions will
help to bring about peaceful change, it has been pointed out by many influential
people, including two well-known liberal opponents of the South African Govern-
ment, Mr Harry Oppenheimer and Dr Alan Paton, that sanctions are more likely to
lead to increased violence. What is certain is that they will lead to in-
creased unemployment and in the absence of welfare support the unemployed would
become hungry and homeless. He then becomes bitter and angry and violence is
the next step in giving vent to his feelings.

The campaigners for sanctions need to ask themselves whether this is what they
wish to inflict on people they supposedly want to help and whose views on the
matter they had not canvassed.

/12232 30
cso: 3400/7


JIPRS#SSA+864104
14 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

CHURCH CONFERENCE CONDEMNS ‘INGRAINED" APARTHEID
MB221721 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1717 GMT 22 Sep 86

[Text] Harare, 22 Sep (SAPA)-~Presbyterian churchmen--the majority of them
white South Africans--today called on the Pretoria Government to abandon
apartheid, saying that in South Africa racism was ingrained in human attitudes,
semi-official news agency ZIANA reports. During debate at the opening day of
the five-day general assembly of the Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa
(CSA) in Harare, only one delegate was seen to vote against a proposal calling
on Pretoria to abandon apartheid "and so bring an end to sanctions and dis-
investment." The 160-strong assembly embraces delegates from Zimbabwe, Zambia
and about 120 from South Africa.

Earlier today, in a formal opening address, Zimbabwe's President Canaan Banana
said the church in southern Africa needed a "gospel of. combat" against apartheid
and that actions and not words should be the order of the day. Proposals up
for debate also included:

--that this racism, allied to the economic structure, is instrumental in the
marked divergence generally in the standard of living of the various racial
groups;

--that laws based on race give rise to. gross violations of human rights;

--(The assembly reaffirms its rejection) at the levels of anger and violence
in our society; and

--that so many in the church do not understand a respond to the suffering
and injustice in South Africa.

The Presbyterian Church represents only about 70,000 people in the three
nations but, in South Africa in particular, is considered by many to be an
influential group.

19738
cso: 3400/36

12


IPRS#SSAK86 +104
14 October 1986

GHANA

MILITARY CONTINGENTS TAKE PART IN TRAINING
"Route March' for Fitness
AB131435 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 13 Sep 86

[Text] Thirty contingents of all ranks of the Ghana Armed Forces today under-
took a route march through. some principal streets in Accra. The exercise is
one of periodic marches meant to keep the forces fit and combat-ready. The
12-km march started from the El Wak Stadium through the Palm Wine junction and
Labadi township to the Ring Roas East. It continued. to the Danquah Circle
through the Cantoments and ended at the El Wak Stadium. In all, 3,000 officers
and men took part in the exercise.

Addressing the troops, the force commander and a member of the PNDC, Major
General Arnold Quainoo, who took part in the march, congratulated them for
their continued loyalty to the government and the revolution. He said their
loyalty has enabled the government’ to pursue its economic recovery program.
Maj Gen Quainoo urged the troops to maintain their loyalty and vigilance in
the face of mounting dissident activities in and outside Ghana.

Other officers who took part in the route march include the service commanders.
Paramilitary Training for Militiamen
A4BL02055 Accra Domestic Service in English 2000 GMT 10 Sep 86

[Text] One hundred and fifty militiamen, including five women,. today began a
shooting training exercise at Teshie shooting range as part of a regular train-
ing session. Other aspects of the training cover military subjects; some as-
pects of police work, civil education, first aid, fire-fighting and environmen-
tal and personal hygiene. This is designed to make them versatile to be able

to assist the communities in which they live and in support of state institutions
in time of any attack.

Briefing newsmen later, the chairman of the Civil Organization, Brigadier Al-
bert Ten~Addy, said his organization and the Ministry of Defense are working
in close collaboration with the security agencies in training the militiamen
throughout the country who can be moiblized at short notice to assist in the
défense of the nation. He said with recent reports of renewed dissident
activities, their training exercise assumes added importance.


JPRS+SSA+865104
14 October 1996

SOUTH AFRICA

PEOPLE'S CONGRESS PARTY LEADER ON ROLE OF MODERATES
MB150530 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1412 GMT 14 Sep 86

[Text] Durban, 14 September, SAPA--Moderates, and not extremists, were going
to decide South Africa's future Mr Peter Marais, a member of the President's
Council and leader of the People's Congress Party [PCP], today told a PCP meet-
ing at Wentworth, Durban's largest coloured township.

He said the role of moderate leadership was not to whip up anger and hatred,
but to serve as a bridge over troubled waters.

"In South Africa today those who were angry were lashing out at this bridge
and some were even wishing it to crash and collapse. I wish to sound a timeous
warning that if the bridge of moderation were to crumble, we may never be able
to cross into a new South Africa.

"People will be swept away in angry currents of anarchy and rebellion with
minimal chances of survival," said Mr Marais.

Moderation, he added, was not a weakness, but an "inner strength born out of a
strong conviction" that man was basically good and that evil in him could be
best conquered by love.

He said there was inspiration to be gained by Mahatma Gandhi's last words as
he lay bleeding to death after he was shot by an assassin: "Forgive me my son
for I have failed to reach your heart."

In South Africa's current "revolutionary climate," the role of moderates was to

reach the hearts of both oppressors and extremists, he said.

Mr Marais said people calling for sanctions as strategy for faster reform should
pause to consider the consequences of their actions.

"What sense is there in causing mass unemployment and starvation if the very
people who brought it about will have to ship relief food supplies to the hun-
gry masses?" he asked.

/12232
cso: 3400/7

27



JPRS#+SSA+86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKAANSE STUDENTEBOND FACES UNCERTAIN FUTURE DUE TO SPLITS

Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 12-18 Sep 86 p 7

[Article by Shaun Johnson]

[Text]

AFRIKAANS student organisation in
South Africa — once a seemingly
impregnable monolith embodied in:
the Afrikaanse Studentebond (ASB);
—_faces an uncertain future. {

Changes of potentially great.
‘importance have occurred over a
short space of time, and there are
rumours of a severe rupture in the.
ASB.

The self-styled “moderate” political
organisation Jeugkrag is attempting to
entrench itself in the face of sustained
attacks from the-“right” and “left” on
the Afrikaans campuses and more’
radical student leaders are arguing for
a wholly altered, explicitly political
approach to student politics.

Never in the 38-year history of
Afrikaner student organisation has
there been a period of such intense
ferment. The ASB has previously
been able to claim representativeness
on every Afrikaans campus with the
exception of Stellenbosch.

Student leaders around the country
who spoke to the Weekly Mail gave
very different interpretations of what~
it means — ranging from predictions
of a unified renaissance resulting
from the current klein broedertwis, to
assertions that the ASB would collapse
completely, altering the face of
Afrikaner youth politics forever.

The ASB’s problems came to a head
at this year’s annual congress when
“verligte” candidates for the national
executive staged a dramatic and
unexpected walkout, leaving more
conservative candidates to be elected

unopposed. The ASB has always
fiercely characterised: itself as-an
“apolitical, cultural organisation”,

making this overtly political schism:

unprecedented.

The continued affiliation “of'
important campuses — notably the
Rand Afrikaans University (RAU):
and the University of the Orange Free
State — is now seriously doubted.

Dirk Bakker, head of the RAU
student council, has called for a
meeting of leaders to try to “iron out”
the problems of the ASB.

“The RAU student council has
problems with the political colour of
the ASB following the last
controversial conference,” he says.
“There are members of the council
who feel that we ‘may’ have to
disaffiliate. We are also worried about
the new structure of the organisation.
We only want to be.a part of it if it is"
going to play a broader role in the’
South African community, not just
among Afrikaner students.”

Bakker emphasises he is not
questioning the personal integrity of
the conservative new ASB president,
Bertus Nel. “But although he is
sincere when he says his own politics
will not influence his presidency, he is
of the far Right, and after the last
conference this has given a definite
political colour to the ASB.”

Bakker’s views are echoed by Kobus
van Loggerenberg, student head at the
University of the Free State. “I don't
‘want to pass judgment on the future of
the ASB now,” he told the Weekly

24

Mail, “but I can say that there ‘is’
considerable negative feeling towards '
the ASB on our campus. We will,
shortly be holding a meeting to decide.
whether we will continue to take part
in the organisation.”. .

Van Loggerenberg felt the: ASB’s’
“apolitical” credo was. inappropriate
for the current situation in South
Africa.

New ASB president Bertus Nel, who
faces this potential denouement after
barely two weeks in office, strongly
denies suggestions of the impending
collapse of his organisation. The
conference walkout took him
completely by surprise, he says, and
he questions the motivation of those
candidates who withdrew.

“I called a special meeting after the
elections so that problems could be
discussed confidentially. Then the
people who left held a press
conference where.they outlined their
case. They mentioned my personal,
politics, they mentioned Afrikaner
unity as something that couldn’t be
realised, and so on.

‘But Nel remains sanguine about the
ASB’s future. Shortly after the
conference he visited several affiliated
campuses and found “a positive
response towards the ASB”. He feels
that those campuses which have
decided to have referendums should
be allowed to do so .

“Tt is my personal view that the ASB
must remain a cultural organisation
geared towards students. Politics is
only one element, and I will not allow


IPRS+SSAK86 4104
14 October 1986

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

OUTRAGE AT TRUCK CONFISCATIONS--The news agency of the UNITA movement in
Angola reports that public outrage against the presence of Soviet backed
government forces and Cuban troops in the Huambo and Cuanza Sul Provinces

is growing. Owners of heavy duty vehicles have been ordered to surrender
their trucks for transportation of provisions needed urgently by the front-
line troops in the provinces of Moxico, Bie, and Cuando Cubango. The news
agency says vehicle owners who have refused FAPLA and Cuban forces the use
of their trucks have been imprisoned. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service
in English 1100 GMT 20 Sep 86 MB] /12232

ANGOLA, CUBA COOPERATION PROTOCOL-~In Luanda today, Angola and Cuba signed a
cooperation protocol within the framework of strengthening the existing re-
lations between the two countries. The Angolan-Cuban friendship relations
date far back and have been consolidated by the development of cooperation in
many fields, particularly government, political, and socio-economic fields.
Signing the document on the Angolan side was Colonel Antonio dos Santos Franca
Ndalo, a member of the MPLA-Labor Party Political Bureau, while Gorge Risquet
Valdes, a member of the Cuban Communist Party Politburo, signed for his coun-
try. The talks between the two sides began in Luanda yesterday. [Text]
[Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 1900 GMT 20 Sep 86 MB] /12232

cso: 3400/26



ECONOMIC

Business Responds to Tutu Challenge on Sanctions
(SAPA), 12 Sep 86).ccccceccvcccccccceccvevcecscesececnscece 50

Briefs
Western Cape Economic Upswing 52


IPRSHSSAH864104
14 October 1986

ZIMBABWE

BANK BULLETIN PREDICTS ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN
MB190759 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0508 GMT 19 Sep 86

[Text] Harare, 19 Sep (SAPA)--Real growth in the Zimbabwean economy was likely
to drop still further in 1987 as a result of the "deteriorating political and
economic environment in South Africa" said the September bulletin of Zimbabwe's
Standard Chartered Bank. Unless there was an exceptionally good rainy season,
real growth, which was expected to decline from 6.5 percent in 1985 to three
percent this year, would be further depressed by the escalating South African
crisis, the bank believed.

Sluggish growth in the world economy, and depressed commodity prices, also
pointed to slower growth in the Zimbabwean economy in 1987,

"Economic warfare in the region is likely to have adverse implications for
Zimbabwe's balance of payments in the form of lower.exports, increased
invisible expenses, higher military spending and adverse terms-of-trade
effects," the bulletin said.

The bank believed much of the optimism that surrounded the sharp fall in crude
oil prices early this. year had evaporated and both world trade and fixed
investment levels had failed to respond to cheaper energy, lower

interest rates, falling inflation and a cheaper U.S. dollar. This suggested
Zimbabwe could not expect greater demand in 1987 for its primary exports,
particularly from its mining industry.

Fortunately prices for gold, tobacco, coffee and sugar moved against the trend,
helping Zimbabwe's diversified economy.

The Standard Bank bulletin said in the absence of major export stimulus--
and bearing in mind the threat to foreign trade routes from sanctions—
internally generated growth would be reliant on agriculture. Farm output
should rise five percent to a record R2 billion tobacco, due to bring in
over R520 million foreign exchange this year, should earn an extra R100

million, depending on weather conditions. Past quota controls have been
lifted.



JPRS=SSA¥86+104
14 October 1986

BOTSWANA

BOTSWANA, FRG SIGN TECHNICAL COOPERATION AGREEMENT
MB210946 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1125 GMT 20 Sep 86

[Text] An agreement has been signed between the governments of Botswana and
West Germany under which Botswana will receive 35 million pula in financial

and technical cooperation in 2 years. The agreement was signed yesterday be-
tween the vice president and minister of finance and development, Mr Peter Mmusi,
and the West German minister for economic cooperation, Dr (Reigner Berald) [as
heard].

After the signing ceremony Dr (Berald) who is the head of southern African
division addressed a news conference WHKKE underlined the importance of bi-
lateral relations. He said his government was impressed by the political and
economic progress Botswana has achieved since independence. Out of the 35 mil-
lion pula, 20 million is a grant, and the rest will be channeled to feeder roads,
water supply, studies for new projects, agricultural projects, aggregational

and vocational training programs, geological and mineral research, and assis-
tance development banks.

West Germany has also decided to contribute 300,000 pula to the control of
the locust plague. It will also send short term experts to help in the field
of research and training. According to Dr (Berlad), Botswana is the second
largest receiver of West German aid, and in the past 20 years assistance to
Botswana covered a total amount of 335 million pula.

/12232
cso: 3400/26



JPRS+SSA+86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NP MEETING DISCUSSES SECURITY, GROUP AREAS ACT
MB140934 Johannesburg Television Service in English 1800 GMT 13 Sep 86

[Text] The Transvaal leader of the National Party [NP], Minister F.W. de Klerk,
has outlined the essentials of a framework for negotiating South Africa's
future. Minister de Klerk was addressing a rowdy crowd at a public meeting
held by his party in the Kliprivier constituency.

[Begin de Klerk Video recording] Firstly, we need an understanding, an agree-
ment, an accord on the first [word indistinct] how group security will be se-
cured and how group domination will be prevented. I will come to that when I
come to the gist of my speech. Secondly, we need an understanding as to how
we will afford full freedom and opportunity built on the foundation of meaning—
ful political rights to all the people in South Africa, because as long as a
minority have all the rights, and as long as the majority have only secondary
rights, there cannot be a lasting solution and lasting peace in South Africa.

If you build a safe garden of your own and deny other people the same, then
you are destroying your own protection. We know that no plan which doesn't
take into account these two big realities of South Africa has a hope to really
solve the problems of South Africa. [end video recording]

Also addressing a meeting in the Kliprivier constituency, Mr Louis Stofberg of
teh Herstigte Nasionale Party [HNP--Reformed National Party] took issue with
the apparent relaxation of the Group Areas Act.

[Begin Stofberg video recording in Afrikaans] The white man is not prepared
to allow the Group Areas Act to be improved or amended. They want it applied
more strictly, and they can only get it applied more strictly if they elect a
rightwing government. Then we should make every white group area just as white
as it used to be, if not whiter. [applause] We do not want to be unfriendly,
because we are not unfriendly people. But we must tell the Indians, coloreds
and blacks tonight, as we did with the admission of Indians to the Orange Free
State, that when the rightwing comes to power the white group areas will be
made white. If you suffer any loss because you were misled by P.W. Botha that
is your problem. We will not pay for the loss you have suffered. [end video
recording]

/12232
cso: 3400/9

19



_JPRS-SSA-86-104

920088
14 OCTOBER 1986

|

)

|

|

s Sub-Saharan Africa Report ee

- s9g802t3 154

_ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

{REPRODUCED BY

| U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

H NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161



SERSHSSAG86 +10.
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

RADIO COMMENTARY ON YOUTH CAMP ROW
MB220538 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 22 Sep 86
[Station commentary]

[Text] The furore over youth camps run for South Africa's black youngsters

by the Department of Education and Training lasted approximately a week, It
is to be hoped that the artificial controversy, built up by rumors, gossip and
the over-active imaginations of scandal seekers, will now be allowed to die the
ignominious death it deserves. It reflects no credit on the organizations

and media who had a part in it.

Their allegations (which naturally enough were seized upon abroad to smear
South Africa) were so far-fetched that what surprises most about the affair
is that so little trouble was taken to verify them. The claims were breath-
taking in their audacity--the education authorities were supposedly operating
a secret program at concentration camps for black youngsters in detention,

in order to brainwash them politically and turn them into police informers.

By the end of the week, of course, the whole silly business had fallen flat,
It turned out (as educational authorities had been trying all week to explain)
that the department was involved with youth centers which for years have been
holding community-oriented courses for groups like service clubs.

Recently black youths in detention were given the opportunity to attend: the
10-day courses. Minors required the written consent of their parents to go
on a course. Participants could choose to withdraw at any time.

As for what is practised at the youth centers, it could hardly be more
innocuous. Apart from sport and recreation, courses cover study techniques,
leadership training, community development and vocational guidance and support.
As such they form an integral part of any comprehensive educational program.
This is the view of Mr Horace van Rensburg (the spokesman for education of

the Progressive Federal Party) who has had extensive dealings with the centers
over a long period.

42


IPRS¢SSA486+104
14 October 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

JANUARY-JUNE TRADE STATISTICS-~-Ghana recorded a trade surplus of 6.7 billion
cedis during the first half of this year. For the same period last year she
recorded only 21 million cedis. According to a newsletter published by the
Statistical Service, Ghana's imports from January to June this year amounted

to 27.705 billion cedis, while exports totalled 34.477 billion cedis. For the
same period last year, imports were worth 18.586 billion and exports amounted to
18.607 billion cedis. Of the total exports, cocoa beans accounted for 65.4
percent; cocoa products 4.9 percent; gold 10.8 percent, while electricity
formed 4 percent. Diamond, manganese and bauxite together formed about 2.1
percent. Compared with figures for last year, the value of both imports and
exports are higher. Exports rose by 85.3 percent and imports increased by

49,1 percent. Crude oil imports amounted to 5.182 billion cedis. This formed
18.7 percent of the total imports. The newsletter explained that the increases
were partly due to the adjustments of the value of the cedi and the incentive
given to the export sector. [Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT
14 Sep 86 AB] /12232

RAILROAD LINE SABOTAGE--Now, a news item on exercise "Teamwork 86" which took
off yesterday in the Akuswe-Kpong-Tema area. Civil defense organizations and
other revolutionary organs in the Greater Accra and Eastern Regions have been
put on maximum alert following reports of dissident activities in the two
regions. The dissidents are believed to have infiltrated the country from the
Eastern Region. As a result, the regional security councils of the two regions
have been meeting to assess the situation. Briéfing the Greater Accra Regional
Security Council today, the regional secretary, Mrs Solina Taylor, said the
dissidents have sabotaged the railway line at Takumo Lagoon near Tema and blown
up six high tension pylons carrying electricity to the industrial city of Tema.
And at Koforidua, the regional secretary, Mr Kofi~Acquah Harrison, told the
regional security council that the dissidents have sabotaged the railway line
at Takumo Lagoon near Tema and blown up six high tension pylons carrying elec-
tricity to the industrial city of Tema. And at Koforidua, the regional secre-
tary, Mr Kofi-Acquah Harrison, told the regional security council that the dissi-
dents planned to blow up the Volta River Authority switching center at Akuse and
cause general unrest in the region. The two regional secretaries called on the
revolutionary organs to step up their vigilance. They however assured Ghanaians
that the situation is under control and that everybody should remain calm.
[Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English 2000 GMT 20 Sep 86 AB] /12232

€so: 3400/1


Similar exercises are being held simultaneously in Takoradi. Brig Ten-Addy
made it clear that matters of national survival are not to be the exclusive
responsibility of state agencies established for that purpose, but the collec-
tive responsibility of all Ghanaians. He stressed that the ongoing process
enjoins all Ghanaians to rally under the various organs of the revolution to
contribute their quota to the social, economic, and political reconstruction
of the nation.

Some of the militiamen interviewed by our correspondent said they are confident
and ready to defend the country.

/12232
cso: 3400/1



SPRSSSAr86 7104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

MINES OFFICIAL WARNS OF 'UNHEALTHY' UNION ACTIVITIES
MB151334 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1329 GMT 15 Sep 86

[Text] Johannesburg 15 September, SAPA--South Africa's gold mining industry
could be crippled almost overnight if the gold price dropped or the rand
appreciated singificantly, The reason? Insufficient control over working
costs.

This was underlined by Mr E.P. Gush, president of the Chamber of Mines, in his
opening address to the 4-day International Gold 100 Conference today at the
Johannesburg Sun and Carlton hotels. Mr Gush pointed out: "Working costs on
gold mines have increased faster than the consumer price index since 1972." One
of the more important factors was "the substantial real wage increased awarded
to black mineworkers. While this is very much a catch-up situation," said

Mr Gush, "it has nevertheless not been matched by productivity improvements.
The issue is simple--we must be extremely concerned about building up a high
cost base in our operations. This may not seem dangerous now, but it could
very quickly--if the gold price dropped or the rand appreciated--cripple the
industry by making it less competitive than other producers."

On black wages and unions, Mr Gush said: "In its emerging state I detect in
the black union movement an element of intimidation which is unhealthy, an in-
volvement in non-work-related political issues which is dangerous, and a re-
fusal to accept responsibility for the actions of its members and office bearers
which is unacceptable." If this continues, says Mr Gush, the unions may well
find that the organisational structures which they enjoy in the workplace will
be increasingly curtailed or denied.

On the other hand, he is optimistic that the problems will be overcome. "There
is no doubt in my mind that the union movement will benefit the industry and
provide healthy challenges in management attitudes, industrial relations and
practices, conditions of employment, job advancement, safety and environmental
conditions. Then, too, our labour laws and practices are in a formative stage.
Much new legislation, whether by statute or by precedent, will be required to
create the environment for sound labour relations and to prevent the abuse of
the system and unreasonable behavior by either side." However, these issues
will need to be kept within the perspective of control of working costs and
keeping the industry viable and profitable, "thus not only preserving the large
job structure we have, but also making new mines feasible and attractive to
investors."

/12232
cso: 3400/7

38


IPRS#SSAx86 +104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

CONSERVATIVE MP ON BLACK DEFENSE-~Cape Town, 16 September, SAPA--Black security
forces would defend their own people in their own areas under a Conservative
Party Government, Dr Ferdi Hartzenberg, MP for Lichtenburg, said. He told about
280 people at a public meeting in Bellville last night that instead of sending
white policemen into black areas, the Conservative would allow the black states
to provide security services in black townships. Dr Hartzenberg called for
support for his party in the event of an early general election or referendum.
He accused the government of moving South Africa towards racial integration,
black majority rule and increasing instability. Promising a return to old-style
apartheid and separate development, Dr Hartzenberg said the government had
abandoned apartheid at a time when the policy was on the brink of a major
breakthrough. A Consérvative government would see to it that up to 70 percent
of South Africa's black people lived in their own areas within 10 to 15 years.
[Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1128 GMT 16 Sep 86 MB] /12232

PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR NATAL~KWAZULU--Pretoria 17 September, SAPA—An inter-
departmental planning committee has been established for the "speedy" imple-
mentation of proposals made by the Natal-Kwazulu Planning Council, the minister
of constitutional development and planning, Mr Chris Heunis, said in a news
release in Pretoria today. Mr Heunis said he had decided to appoint Professor
L. de Clercq, head of the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at
the University of Zululand, to act as project coordinator. The committee, es—
tablished on 20 February, had already made good progress to implement the most
urgent projects in 11 black residential areas, Mr Heunis said. The 11 areas
were Chesterville, Anhlalakahle, Steadville, Shakaville, Inkanyesi, Sibongile,
Shekuzulu, Thembalihle, Itsokolele, Bhongweni and Bruntville. [Embargoed until
0800 GMT on 18 September] [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1551 GMT

17 Sep 86 MB] /12232

cso: 3400/9

26


In an interview with the CITIZEN last week Mr Van Rensburg warned that "by
casting suspicion on the motivation behind, and systems applied at these camps,
enormous harm could be done to a very valuable and constructive endeavor to
help young people to cope in the harsh world in which they live and to receive
training and success."

Mr Van Rensburg was speaking as an authority in rejecting allegations about
the centers as untrue and irresponsible. On Thursday a diverse group of
parliamentarians and newsmen were invited to one such center to judge for
themselves. Afterwards they were divided over the possibility that some of
the youngsters might be attending under coercion. But all agreed that there
could be no question of brainwashing in a course that lasted only 10 days,
and no one disputed that those taking part had the right to withdraw at any
time. In short, they came to the conclusion that the substance of the
allegations--the effort to portray the youth program as "sinister"--was
false.

The whole thing might be dismissed 25 no more than a foolish episode, re-
flecting the obsession that exists in some quarters to discredit any state
initiative--even at the expense of political credibility and basic
journalistic principles. It is not so easy, however, to ignore the damage
done by such campaigns to the cause of democratic evolution and peaceful
coexistence in South Africa.

19738
cso: 3400/30

43



any 'party-political group to gain the
advantage. We must give strong
leadership and discipline,” he says.

Nel argues that the ASB can
continue even if one or more
campuses disaffiliate. “In fact I think
it is a good thing that all this has!
happened,” he says. “It is a pity it has
been an issue in the newspapers, but
the experiance will ultimately be:
positive for the organisation.”

Jeugkrag, the overtly political
“moderate” youth organisation
launched by Afrikaner student leaders
earlier this year, represents an;
independent trend in the Afrikaans |
youth scenario, and could find itself
Gaining further adherents as a result”

" of the ASB imbroglio.

A glimpse of the tensions in;
Afrikaner student politics is afforded «
by events at the inaugural meeting of :
the UOFS branch this week: some 50:
right-wingers attended, heckling and:
eventually pelting the Jeugkrag
officials with eggs.

Jeugkrag president and former ASB"
head Marthinus van.Schalkwyk says
the new organisation has tremendous:
potential, as it “offers direction to
students and youth in general”. He was?
reluctant to speculate about the future
of the beleaguered ASB, saying.
Jeugkrag operated on a different
level, and was not in competition with
the older body.

Asked directly if he personally:
wished to see the ASB stay together,
he answered “no comment”.

Jeugkrag is currently. planning a
large-scale joint conference with the
Inkatha Youth Brigade for next month
— to be’attended by some 400
delegates. =

Important as it is, this malcontent i in
establishment Afrikaner student!
politics should not be confused with a
battle between radically differing
ideologies. Most of the disputants still
endorse the, ASB. constitution, and
most still reject serious, open-ended
negotiations with groups they
consider “radical”,

The importance of the “klein
broedertwis” lies in the flexibility that
exists in place of rigidity; movement
in place of stasis.

One’ important tendency in
Afrikaner youth politics which does
however move beyond the parameters

_ of the internal ASB debate is
represented by the outspoken leader
of the Stellenbosch SRC, Phillip

19274
csO: 3400/12

25

Verster.

Stellenbosch has not been an affi liate
of the ASB for more than a decade.

Verster — gadfly of the right,
darling of the left because of his
efforts to meet the African National:
Congress and his call for the release of
Nelson Mandela — believes the ASB
battle is largely irrelevant in the
current South African situation.

“The: ASB as it is today is a totally
useless organisation, a waste,” he says.
“Tt is out of touch with what is going
on, especially amongst black youth. It
has enormous political potential, but
people don’t realise it. They take the:
easy way out by saying they're
‘apolitical’. How can young South:
Africans be apolitical today?” .

“There is real uncertainty amongst:
Afrikaner students. They are forced
into the mould of thinking all there is.
is ‘lekker rugby, chatting up girls and.
alles is reg in die land’. Now they see
Casspirs on their way to the airport.
They can’t go.to the beach in the
summer because they’ ve got a call-up
for township duty. This is the reality’

Verster believes the collapse of the:

+ ASB would be a progressive step.

““The -ASB is now totally;
| unrepresentative and worthless in that:
“people cannot use it as.a tool to

understand what is happening in their
country.”

He has little more time for the!
avowedly. political’ Jeugkrag. “It isi
also an irrelevant organisation,” he:
claims. “They speak National Party:
politics so much that they may as well:
call themselves an NP branch. The:
only difference between them.and the:
NP is that they are multiracial.”

The Stellenbosch leader is adamant
that young Afrikaners must not just!
talk of “reform” in the government’s
terms, but about “real change”. His
term of office ends shortly, and the

newly elected council represents a

“far more conservative tendency”.

He is circumspect about the
possibilities of his position gaining
more support amongst Afrikaner
students, but argues that “some
progressive organisations — like
Nusas (the National Union of SA
Students) for example’— are making
their presence felt at a place like
Stellenbosch. This is hopeful.”

While battle line are being drawn
and decisions mulled over, there is, in
a sense, an interregnum in Afrikaner
student politics.


JPRSrSSAx86%104
14 October 1986

BOTSWANA

MASIRE ON PROSPECTS FOR STABILITY, RSA RELATIONS
MB221200 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1110 GMT 22 Sep 86

[Text] The president, Dr Quett Masire, has said that Botswana's future stabil-
ity depends on the successful handling of problems such as external aggression,
drought, and unemployment. He was being interviewed by the FINANCIAL TIMES of
London recently, Such problems, he said, could be devastating. Their impact
would be varied, transitive, but the end result was bound to be a slowdown in
economic performance and social development. Dr Masire said it was difficult
to plan for drought because its effects varied from one region to another and
from one category of people to the next. [Words indistinct] subsistence far-
mers whose assets have been heavily mortgaged or depleted.

On external aggression, the president said Botswana will have to defend itself
against any attack. He also appealed to South Africa and her friends to stop
being insincere in their argument against the imposition of sanctions on
Pretoria. He emphasized that it is unacceptable for South Africa’and her
friends to claim that sanctions would hurt Pretoria’s neighbors, like Botswana,
when South Africa militarily attacks her neighbors without provocation. South
Africa's actions, he said, were contrary to international law, had no moral
basis, and should be condemned, he said. President Masire said Botswana did
not forgive the cold-blooded murders that the South African Defense Force
committed in this country.

On the country's opposition parties, Dr Masire told the FINANCIAL TIMES that
Botswana would benefit from a stronger, more responsible, and enlightened
opposition. He explained that the government might be more responsive to the
needs of people if a more lively but responsible debate on issues was
(2achieved).

/12232
CsO: 3400/26


ZISCO's mounting debts have attracted repeated criticism from international
lending institutions as a contributory cause of Zimbabwe's unacceptably high
budget deficits. Despite infusions of capital and plans for further
modernization, the plant is unable to supply all the steel products needed

by local industrialists, who have placed substantial orders with South Africa's
ISCOR.

A ban on imports of South African iron and steel is a major feature of the
Commonwealth sanctions package to which Mr Mugabe committed Zimbabwe at the
2 August London "mini-summit.""

/9738
CSO: 3400/36

16


PWV TVL E-Cape N-Cape W-Cape Natal Ofs Unknown Total

Country

students/

scholars/

teachers 271 #113 106 25 63 128 59 5 710
Unionists

workers 125 42 43 16 19 56 47 44 392
community

political 279 136 304 30 52 115 50 6 972
clergy/

church-

workers 28. 19 26 7 15 13 1 4 112
media 4 1 8& 0 5 10) 0 0 18
other/

unknown 659 418 1805 119 800 284 168 57 4310
total 1365 729 2292 197 954 596 325 116 6574

Hospitalization of Detainees

The Minister of Law and Order Louis le Grange, said in parliament that
between 12 June and 26 August a total of 464 detainees had been admitted to
66 different hospitals and clinics throughout South Africa. He said the
figure did not apply to those detained under the emergency regulations.

Other Detentions

The Minister of Law and Order, Louis le Grange, said in-parliament last week
he did not deem it to be in the public interest to say how many people had
been detained under sections 46 and 50 of the Internal Security Act since the
beginning of the year. He said that since 1 January 299 people had been,
detained under. Section 29 of the Internal Security Act and 71 under section 31,
but did not give the date when these figures applied.

Unrest Deaths

The Minister of Law and Order Louis 1é Grange, said.in parliament that 1,113
people had been killed in unrest-related incidents between July 1985 and July
1986. He said 456 were killed in the last six months in 1985, while 657 had
died in the first seven months of 1986--181 in June and July. He said the
highest death toll was in May this year when 137 people were killed. According
to the South African Institute of Race Relations, 969 people died in political
violence between January and June this year.

33



Brain Drain

A total of 8,483 people emigrated between January and July this year, the
largest number on record for a seven-month period. In this period, 4,345
people immigrated to settle in South Africa, a net loss of 4,138. In the
same period last year, 12,153 people immigrated and 6,194 emigrated--a net
gain of 5,954. A total of 1,294 people emigrated and 695 immigrated in July--
a net loss of 599. In June, 1,075 people emigrated and 516 immigrated--a

net loss of 559. Of July's emigrants, 450 went to the United Kingdom and

402 to Australia. The immigrants included 201 from Zimbabwe, 159 from the UK
and 56 from Portugal.

The exodus included 287 engineers (258 in the same period last year), 61
medical doctors and dentists (35), 180 accountants (63) and 172 educationists
(71).

Permits for White Areas

One hundred nineteen applications for permits to live in white group areas by
members of "other race groups" were refused by the Department of Constitutional
Development and Planning in the 12 months up to 31 August this year, the
Minister of Constitutional Development Planning, Chris Heunis, said in
parliament. One hundred thirteen of these applications were approved and 48
were still being considered. No reasons were offered for the refusals.
Hospital Expenditure

On average almost double the amount is spent on white and coloured patients
than on black patients admitted to Durban's two leading hospitals. In 1985
an average of R105 was spent on each patient each day at Addington Hospital,
which has 644 white beds and 236 coloured beds. At King Edward VIII Hospital
(for blacks), a daily average of R68 is spent on each patient every day.
Banned Books, Publications and Objects.

National Action (AZAPO and AZASM).

Unbanned:

Learn and Teach--No 2 of 1986 (Learn and Teach Publications, Johannesburg).
Prisoner of Conscience

Edgar Ngoyi, 60, Eastern Cape United. Democratic. Front [UDF] president and

a member of the UDF National Executive, was detained under the emergency
regulations on 12 June and has been held ever since.

34


JPRS+SSA¥86 4104
14 October 1986

NPP OPPOSES INDIAN PARTICIPATION-~Durban, 22 Sep (SAPA)--The National Peoples
Party, majority group in the House of Delegates, did not favor Indians being
included in any general election at the present time, forces close to the
party told SAPA tonight. Approached for comment, neither party leader, Mr
Amichand Rajbansi, nor national chairman, Mr Somaroo Pachai, were prepared

to confirm or deny this. They also declined to make a statement on the matter
after a meeting of the party's caucus in Durban today. However, the sources
said that if Indians were included in a general election, if it were. to be held
in November as widely speculated, the scheduled by-election on 12 November
for the vacant Brickfield seat--the first by-election in the House of Dele~
gates~-would become irrelevant. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 2158
GMT 22 Sep 86 MB] /9738

cso: 3400/32

49



SIPRS+SSA#86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

JUSTICE MINISTER CONFIRMS COMMITMENT TO LAW
MB121918 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1835 GMT 12 Sep 86

[Text] Johannesburg 12 September, SAPA--The less prominence given to the ab-
horrent deeds of radicals who wanted to take the law into their own hands, the
less effective would be their actions due to a lack of propaganda-momentun,
the minister of justice, Mr Kobie Coetsee, said today. Addressing a municipal
police passing out parade at the Orange~Vaal Training College, Mr Coetsee said
he wanted to make it clear that the authorities would do everything within
their power to effectively maintain law and order, because anarchy and chaos
would ensue once persons were allowed to take the law into their own hands.

Mr Coetsee said the "tendency to disinformation"=-Whether intentional or acci-.
dental--militated against positive reform achievement. "The fact that in-
correct information is later rectified invariably does not detract from the
impact which the initial dissemination achieves. Take for example the initial
reports and comment in the CAPE TIMES and ARGUS last week concerning alleged
jail sentences imposed on children of 13 years of age. When the true facts
were brought to their attention and it transpired that no person under the age
of 17 in that particular case was sentenced to imprisonment, the CAPE TIMES
and to a lesser extent the ARGUS prominently corrected the misleading reports."
He said the example underlined the necessity of measures to ensure the verifi-
cation of facts.

Mr Coetsee also asked whether the Dutch Government was not obstructing justice
by granting asylum to the fugitive Mr Klaas de Jonge, who had been evading arrest
by remaining within the diplomatically immune offices which had formerly housed
the embassy.

/12232
cso: 3400/9

22


IPRS#SSAK 864104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

WESTERN CAPE ECONOMIC UPSWING--Cape Town, 15 September, SAPA--Experts in the
Western Cape agreed today that there had been an upswing in the economy in the
region but it could hardly be described as a boom and was in any event likely
to be short-lived, SABC radio news reports. The director of the Cape Chamber
of Industries, Mr Colin McCarthy, said that while economic activity in the
Cape was improving, it was wishful thinking to believe that the region was ex-
periencing a boom. However, he added that the clothing industry in particular
had experienced an upswing with between 900 and 1000 workers being taken on
monthly. The director of the Bureau for Economic Research at Stellensbosch,
Dr Okkie Stuart, said he did not believe a boom is at hand. Any upswing would
be very gradual and he did not believe that the growth in private consumer
spending would continue for long because there was simply not sufficient money
around. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1122 GMT 15 Sep 86 MB] /12232

cso: 3400/10

52


MOZAMBIQUE

Commentary Warns of RSA Disinformation Campaign
(Maputo, 18 Sep 86). .ccecesecseccccccvccvccececessssssscers

Briefs
Food Crisis Reported

SIERRA LEONE

Paper Urges Restoring Ties With Israel
(AFP, 12 Sep 86) sscesescecveccesecevecccevsececscesesseeses

ZIMBABWE

Church Conference Condemns 'Ingrained' Apartheid
(SAPA, 22 Sep 86)sccegecceccevecveccsecsvecceccssyessseeees

Bank Bulletin Predicts Economic Slowdown
(SAPA, 19 Sep 86) ,cecccccccccccccccnecccvssessssesseceeeees

Mugabe Expected To Resolve Crisis in Steel Works
(SAPA, 19 Sep 86). ccscccecccecerescceverecsecceeecseesseces

Banana Speaks To South African Clergy
(SAPA, 22 Sep 86) sacecccececccccegevsessavecsssssvenecesens

Briefs
EEC Beef Exports Suspended
Communal Farmers Defaulting on Loans

SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

NP Meeting Discusses Security, Group Areas Act
(ohannesburg Television Service, 13 Sep 86).scccecsecececes

Minister Responds to Criticism of Black Schooling, Turmoil
(Dit S&m de Beer; THE SUNDAY STAR, 7 Sep 86)..sesecseccecees

Justice Minister Confirms Commitment to Law
(SAPA, 12 Sep 86)..cceccccccecsvcceccvccsccsescecssceceeees

National Party Rejects Requirements for Boycott End
(SAPA, 16 Sep 86).....

Peer eereroneeecerereaegeeseseeees

Afrikaanse Studentebond Faces Uncertain Future Due to Splits
(Shaun Johnson; THE WEEKLY MAIL, 12-18 Sep 86). eseseevevees

10

11

12

45

17

18
18

19

20

22

23

24


JPRS+SSA+86 47104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY PRAISES KHAYELITSHA URBANIZATION
MB191421 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 19 Sep 86
[Station commentary: "Urbanization in South Africa"]

[Excerpts] South Africa is the only country in Africa which is tackling the
problem of urbanization effectively. This is no idle boast. It isa
verifiable fact, one which South Africa's deputy minister of information felt
constrained to mention on the visit to Crossroads and the new township of
Khayelitsna near Cape Town last week.

The development of Khayelithsa has been woefully ignored by the world media
and visiting politicians because it would damage their cause of portraying
South Africa as the world's [words indistinct].

In their books, the policies of the South African Government--apartheid as they
still insist on calling it--cannot be reformed. They equate the abolition of
apartheid with the overthrow of the South African Government and the installa-
tion of black majority rule. The fact of the matter is that not only political
but also socioeconomic reform is taking place in South Africa to such an extent
that two splits in the ruling National Party over the past few years were
initiated by those who were bent on sticking to the policy of apartheid. To
these people it is anathema to have colored and Asian members of parliament
[words indistinct] that the stated goal of the government is that all black
peoples are also to be brought into the political mainstream in a new political
dispensation to be negotiated by representatives of all South Africa's peoples.

The vital part of this reform process centers on the upliftment of the black.
communities, and this in turn has led to. the formulation of. comprehensive
urbanization and population development strategies. The development of
Khayelitsha over the past few years stands as.a monument to this plan. It
will eventually nouse 350,000 people. The government has already spent 140
million rand on the project which so far comprises more than 5,000 houses,
18,000 service flats, 14 primary schools, and a secondary school, 6 medical
clinics, 2 shopping complexes, and 3 community centers. If there were to be a
similar development north of South Africa's borders, it would be hailed by all
[words indistinct] who condemn Khayelitsha as a shining example of how to deal
with urbanization problems.

/9738
cso: 3400/30

41



JPRS+SSA86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY EVALUATES COMMUNIST PRESENCE IN ANGOLA
MB181542 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1528 GMT 18 Sep 86

[Article: The Tragedy of Angola; [Herewith SABC comment] If used to not
credit SAPA. Embargoed until 0500 GMT on 19 September. ]

[Text] Johannesburg, 18 Sep--Flying north from the South African border, an
air traveller would--during the latter part of a journey lasting as long as
that between Louis Botha and Jan Smuts Airports--fly over a land of devasta-—
tion and terrible human suffering. A land where hundreds of people are being
killed, many more maimed, where thousands are wandering around in search of
shelter and watching their children starve on a lands ape denuded of food.

This tragic land is Angola, and the victims--the dead and mutilated, the
starving children--are innocent civilians caught up in a never-ending civil
war.

Fighting for the liberation of their people are the soldiers of UNITA, a
movement that today controls one-third of the total area of Angola and
conducts military operations throughout the entire country with the excep-
tion of two small frontier areas.

UNITA took up arms against the MPLA 11 years ago after the MPLA had seized
power in Angola without an election or any other democratic test of the
people's will have been conducted. [sentence as received] Ranged against
UNITA are 90,000 troops controlled by the MPLA, 36,000 Cuban and other
communist military personnel and 6,000 SWAPO terrorists.

UNITA's fight for genuine independence for Angola is one aspect of the civil
war. The other is the deep involvement in the war, and in Angola, of the
Soviet Union. This involvement is most visible in the presence of 30,000
Cuban troops, who are acting as surrogates of the Soviet Union, and in the
huge military arsenal provided by the East Bloc--an arsenal that includes Mig
jet fighters, modern tanks and surface-to-air missiles.

But the communist presence is also pervasive throughout the entire structure
of life in Angola today, with tens of thousands of East Bloc personnel working
with, influencing and indoctrinating the local population in areas ranging from
communications and intelligence services to schools and hospitals.

39



These few examples in recent weeks show that Pretoria has embarked on a wider
scale of misinformation against forces in the region and inside South Africa
which seek freedom, justice, and democracy. This campaign is based on the
racist assumption that Africans are incapable of seeing through phony informa-
tion.” It is a sign of Pretoria's weakness that it should stoop on such trivial
and transparent devices.

/12232
CSO: 3400/4



They were also spending time talking to interest groups around the world in
an effort to discourage sanctions and disinvestment which, Mr Ackerman said,
he believed would make change even more difficult to achieve.

"Sanctions could halt the government's reform initiative and drive whites into
a laager. They will also increase poverty, I have already seen it starting in
the Western Cape," he said.

Mr Ackerman said he found it strange that during talks last year, Archbishop
Tutu said businessmen would make a significant contribution if they could
assist in forcing the government to scrap the pass laws and restore South
African citizenship to blacks.

Now that this had now been done, Archbishop Tutu appeared to give no recognition
to those forces that had helped bring it about.

Mr Ackerman said he had a high regard for Archbishop Tutu even though he dis-
agreed with his policies and believed he could add considerably to the forces
striving for change if he would align himself with those opposed to sanctions.

It was, however, unfortunate that the efforts of businessmen to counter the
sanctions campaign and sell their alternative strategy overseas was being
seriously undermined by Archbishop Tutu's pro-sanctions stance, Mr Ackerman
said,

/12232
cso: 3400/10

51



IPRS+SSA¥86+104
14 October 1986

SIERRA LEONE

PAPER URGES RESTORING TIES WITH ISRAEL
AB121025 Paris AFP in French 0727 GMT 12 Sep 86

[Text] Freetown, 12 September (AFP)--"Sierra Leone's continued boycott of
the State of Israel is a mistake in principle," the director of the biweekly
WE YONE, newspaper of the All People's Congress (APC, the sole party in
Sierra Leone), wrote in an editorial yesterday.

"Applying the law of cause and effect, if we decided to break diplomatic rela-
tions with Israel because of its occupation of Egyptian territories, our de-
cision no longer holds so long as these occupied territories have been returned
and we must also return to our former position. We cannot fight for the Arab
cause better than the Arabs themselves who are directly concerned," WE YONE
director Sam Metzger wrote.

The fact that Egypt and Israel could agree to negotiate "exposes the rule of
boycott (of Israel) imposed by the OAU to a serious confusion and ridicule,"
Mr Metzger continued. He added that Sierra Leone has no reason for not having
diplomatic relations with Israel."

The Sierra Leonean Government and APC officials yesterday refused to make any
comment concerning the article which appeared more than a week after the London-
based WEST AFRICA magazine asserted that Sierra Leonean and Israeli Government
representatives held secret discussions in the British capital.

Sierra Leone broke diplomatic relations with Israel on 27 October 1973, it is
recalled.

/12232
cso: 3400/2



JPRS-SSA-86-104
14 OCTOBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
ANGOLA
Briefs
Outrage at Truck Confiscations
Angola, Cuba Cooperation Protocol
BOTSWANA

Masire on Prospects for Stability, RSA Relations
(Gaborone Domestic Service, 22 Sep 86) .ccccscceeesecccecece

Botswana, FRG Sign Technical Cooperation Agreement
(Gaborone Domestic Service, 20 Sep 86).sssereceseevcceeeees

GHANA

Military Contingents Take Part in Training
(Accra Domestic Service 10 and 13 Sep 86)...eseeeesesevecee

"Route March' for Fitness
Paramilitary Training for Militiamen

Briefs
January-June Trade Statistics
Railroad Line Sabotage
LIBERIA
Briefs

National Population Commission Inaugurated
Postponement of By-Elections

-a-



JPRS#SSA¥86 410
*86%104
4 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

WEEKLY MAIL CARRIES ‘APARTHEID BAROMETER‘

MB200700 Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 19-25 Sep 86 p 4
["Apartheid Barometer"]

[Text] Emergency Detentions.

Tomorrow is the 100th day of the state of emergency, The Minister of Law and
Order, Louis le Grange, said in parliament it was not in the public interest
to say how many people had been detained under the present state of emergency.
The names of a toatl of 9,337 emergency detainees have been released so far—-
all of them having been held for at least 30 days. According to the Detainees’
Parents Support Committee [DPSC], at least 16,000 people have been detained
under the emergency regulations so far. A DPSC representative stressed this
figure was conservative and was probably an underestimate.

Detentions by Organization

The following is a breakdown of detainees identified by the Detainees' Parents
Support Committee. Although the list is not comprehensive, it gives an
indication of which areas and which interest groups are most affected by

the emergency.

[Pwv--Pretoria, Witwatersrand-Vereeniging]

[TVL--Transvaal]

{OFS--Orange Free State]

32


JIPRS+SSA¥86+104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

MINISTER RESPONDS TO CRITICISM OF BLACK SCHOOLING, TURMOIL

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 7 Sep 86 p 12

[Response of Dr Sam de Beer, deputy minister of education and development, to

report in THE SUNDAY STAR]

[Text]

THE article by Andrew Beattie (The Sunday Star,’
August 31) on the reasons forwarded by an anony-:
mous “highly qualified” black teacher for resigning
from the vocation he loves is most distressing.

Anyone who loves this country, who is geniunely
concerned about the present turmoil and who is
consciously working towards a better and brighter
future for all, will be equally dis-
tressed by the teacher’s reasons for leaving the pro-
fession.

‘The first reason put forward is the presence of
security forces in some townships and at some
schools.

I wish to state quite clearly that the Department
of Education and Training and I share the view
that security forces should be withdrawn from
schools and townships,

I am convinced that the security forces them-
selves would like to be withdrawn.

The crucial question is: Why is it necessary to
have them at schools? The answer is simple: If it
had not been for the malicious disruption of normal
community life and of the normal education pro-
cess, the wilful destruction of schools and equip-
ment, the cruellest and basest forms of intimida-
tion, injury and murder of innocent pupils whose
only ‘crime’ was their fervour to continue their
education and secure a better future’ for them-
selves, then no security force presence would have
been necesarry.

The assurance has been given time and time
again: as soon as discipline, order and stability re-
turn, and effective education can continue, the se-
curity forces will be withdrawn — as has already
happened in several townships.

A second reason put forward is “the black school
syllabus (which) provides very little scope in which
to operate”.

20

May I point out that for many. years the cry was
for the same education and same syllabuses.

Now that this is a reality (the same core sylla-
buses having been used by all Education Depart-

“ments for a number of years now) and now that a

uniform education policy applies to all depart-
ments, suddenly this “qualified teacher” finds this
unacceptable.

In any case, provision exists for the adaptation
of core syllabuses to meet the specific education
needs of different language and cultural groups.
. Could it be that “qualified teacher” is advo-
cating the freedom to use (or abuse) the syllabus
for turning innocent children into revolutionaries?
Surely this would’ be educationally unsound and in-
defensible.

Thirdly, “qualified teacher” alleges that the De-
partment of Education and Training and educa-
tional institutions are “heavily manned by Afri-
kaners” and-that “blacks who occupy positions in
these organisations underwent political screening:
and were heavily indoctrinated”.

Such a racist slur on the ‘integrity of those.
whites, both English- and Afrikaans-speaking, who!
are giving their all ina genuine commitment to the
education of the black child, is insensitive and
morally repugnant.

What hurts even more, is the allegation that:
thousands of black educationists at all. levels have,
been “bought”, or forced into discarding their integ-
rity as teachers, through higher salaries and im-

proved fringe benefits.

“Qualified teacher”, in one respect I agree with
you wholeheartedly: it is the teacher's task to
teach pupils to think, to enquire and to help them to
grow into worthy and capable adults and citizens,

Teaching is infinitely more than the mere im-
parting of knowledge.


NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{J are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
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SOUTH AFRICA

RADIO COMMENTARY CALLS FOR TRUTH IN REPORTING
MB220745 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 22 Sep 86
[Station commentary: "Cause for Truth About South Africa"]

[Text] There are indications that the anti-South Africa campaigners at home
and abroad are beginning to overplay their hand. Such is the level of vitriol,
distortion, and blatant untruth in their campaign, which is championed by the
international media, that there is now an increasing number of appeals from
various quarters for the truth to be told about the South African situation.
News commentator and rising star in Australia's political firmament Alan Jones
said in Sydney last week that the international community needed people who
would place truth above all else. And now more than ever, he added, we need
the truth to be told about the South African position and the African Continent.

The newspaper THE AUSTRALIAN followed a similar line. Commenting on an
extensive interview with President P.W. Botha, it said South Africa had a case
which deserved the attention of the democratic world. South Africa was a
country of minorities whose rights had to be protected, and for this reason
there could not be the system of one-man-one-vote in a unitary state.

The process of political reform in South Africa was aimed at extending
democracy to all the various peoples of the country. It was untrue, President
Botha said, that black governments in Africa were necessarily democratic
governments. Only 42 million of Africa's 440 million black people live

under democratic governments of systems which have more than one political
party. This meant that only 9.4 percent of blacks in Africa were acquainted
with the freedom of democracy. This figure would be reduced to 7.6 when
Zimbabwe became a l-party state.

South Africa knew the lessons of the dying African Continent, President Botha
said, but the West refused to acknowledge the realities of the continent.

British historian and political commentator Paul Johnson recently made the
point that the famine in black Africa and the determination of South African
whites not to succumb to black nationalism were not unconnected. It is good
to have a vote, he said, but a vote is no substitute for enough to eat, let
alone for life itself. He adds, the truth is there are no instant solutions
for South Africa's race problem, anymore than there are instant solutions
for black Africa's famine. If we really want to help the Africans we must
make a bigger effort to get at the true facts and analyze them with a little
intellectual humility.

19738
Cso: 3400/30 44


IPRS#SSA%86 7104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CATHOLIC PRIESTS SUPPORT CALL FOR ECONOMIC PRESSURE
MB150518 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1719 GMT 14 Sep 86

[Text] Durban, 14 September SAPA~-Roman Catholic priests throughout South
Africa have formally given their support to the South African Catholic Bishops
conference (SACBC) for its stand on economic pressure, the SACBC's information
officer, Mr Noel Bruyns, said.

"The support was given in a resolution at the annual meeting of the South
African Council of Priests (SACP) which ended in Marianhill at the weekend.

"The impression that a large body of rebel priests in Durban opposed the bishops
on economic pressure was also eradicated at the week-long meeting. Opposition
from the rebel priests was given wide press coverage when the bishops met to
discuss economic pressure in April this year," Mr Bruyns said in a statement

to SAPA.

“However this publicity was based on disinformation," he said.

"The priests did meet, but were not informed before hand of the reason for
the meeting.

"The statement released to the press after the meeting opposing economic
pressure in SA did not reflect the sentiments of the majority of the priests
present."

The SACP also passed a resolution asking the SACBC's Department of Youth to
provide young people with material on the church's teaching on liberation
theology and to help them evaluate current ideologies,

/12232
cso: 3400/7

28


IPRS#SSAH86 7104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

REJECTION OF INDABA RIGHTS BILL DENIED
MB121243 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1220 GMT 12 Sep 86

[Text] Durban, 12 September, SAPA--Professor Desmond Clarence, chairman of the
Natal/Kwazulu Indaba, has denied reports that the Natal Municipal Association
* [NMA] had rejected the Indaba's bill of rights. "The whole issue has been
totally distorted. While there may be differences between the various NMA
delegates on individual clauses, the principle of the bill of rights has been
accepted." Ye said a full delegation of the NMA had attended the Indaba night's
NMA congress meeting were seriously misleading.[sentence as received] The NMA
delegation would be asked to fuily explain their stand later today.

Dr Anneline Rabie, secretary of the NMA, said she was angry that someone had
leaked details of the meeting which was held behind closed doors. "The discus~
sion were ultra vires. But I don't regard the meeting as a setback. People
should remember that the NMA represents a very wide body of political opinion
throughout Natal. The delegates who proposed an amendment to the bill of rights
did so because they felt they did not have a mandate from their constituencies.
You can't expect people to say that they support the bill of rights if they
haven't canvassed their voters." Dr Rabie added that the reason for the meeting
was to ascertain the NMA's stance on the Indaba and its bill of rights, and as

a result some delegates had said that the NMA had no right to meddle in politics.

Mrs Sybil Hotz, chairman of the Durban City Council's Management Committee and
an executive member of the Natal Municipal Association, said today that she was
"horrified and extremely depressed" by what had been described as the NMA's re-
jection of the KwaZulu/Natal Indaba bill of rights at a congress meeting in
Pietermaritzburg yesterday.

A motion that delegates of local authorities throughout Natal accept the bill
as presented at the Indaba was approved by only 14 of the 100~odd delegates.
Delegates then voted on and approved an amendment accepting the principle of a
bill of rights.

In what she described as an "awful setback" for the Indaba, Mrs Hotz said she
was distressed that only 14 delegates of the NMA had approved of the bill as it
stands. Mrs Hotz said that Durban, Amanzimototi and Pietermaritzburg had all
voted in favour of the bill. "And in provincial terms that represents 70 per-
cent of the population. I am really horrified. If we are going to find a solu-
tion to this country's problems we have simply got to come to terms with [the]
bill. There is extraordinary interest in the Indaba and people must remember
that we are on a world stage here.”

/12232
cso: 3400/7 37



JPRSrSSA+865104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NATIONAL PARTY REJECTS REQUIREMENTS FOR BOYCOTT END
MB161547 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1209 GMT 16 Sep 86 _

[Text] Port Elizabeth, 16 September, SAPA--National Party MPS in Port Elizabeth
said today the conditions set for ending the 6-month black consumer boycott in
the city were "totally unreasonable." The consumer boycott committee has sus-
pended one boycott until 3 November, saying it will be reimposed then unless

the committees demands are met. Mr Sakkie Louw, MP for Newton Park, said busi-
nessmen must be prepared to "sweat it out" if the boycott was reimposed. There
was no chance of the conditions being met, he said.

The committee has demanded:

--the release of all detainees;

--the lifting of the state of emergency;

~-the removal of the fence around New Brighton and Kwazakele townships;
--the withdrawal of troops from the townships and

--the rebuilding of schools damaged during unrest.

Mr Louw said the government could not be "intimidated by these people." "These
demands are totally unreasonable--it is not humanly possible to meet them by

3 November. How can the people who turn down their schools demand that they
be rebuilt?" he asked. One could not expect the government to "soften its
attitude" and remove the fence around the townships unless peace and stability
were restored in the townships.

Mr James Kleynhans, MP for Algoa, said the state of emergency had been declared
because it was "necessary." To demand its lifting was unreasonable. "It will
be lifted when the security police advise the cabinet it is time to do so."
Asked if a continuation of the boycott would harm the city commercially, he
said it was government policy not to interfere with free trade.

/12232
cso: 3400/9

23



JIPRS#SSA86+104
14 October 1986

LIBERIA

BRIEFS

NATIONAL POPULATION COMMISSION INAUGURATED--Vice President Harry F. Moniba has
expressed government's gratitude to donor agencies who have supported popula-
tion-related activities undertaken by the Liberian Government over the years.
He said with continued assistance from those donor agencies and the concerted
efforts of Liberians themselves, government's efforts in this direction will
be greatly enhanced. A LINA [LIBERIAN NEWS AGENCY] report said that Dr Moniba
was speaking yesterday at the Executive Pavilion in Monrovia where he inaugur~
ated the National Population Commission, NPC, which was established by govern-
ment to devise programs in policies and population-related activities. The
vice president. said the setting up of the first permanent commission on popula-
tion activities was a further manifestation of government's efforts to improve
the socioeconomic well-being of the Liberian people. Dr Moniba then challenged
the 21-member commission to perform their task to the letter of the mandate
given the commission and assured government's full support in achieving its
objectives. For his part, Planning Minister Paul Jeffy, who is chairman of

the commission, said it will strive to develop policies that will help to build
a present as well as future of the Liberian people. [Text] [Monrovia Radio
ELWA in English 1110 GMT 13 Sep 86 AB] /12232

POSTPONEMENT OF BY-ELECTIONS--President Samuel K. Doe has recommended to the
National Legislature the postponement for the by-elections for chiefs, mayors
and legislators due to the financial situation in the country. According to
LBS [Liberia Broadcasting System], President Doe told the legislature that
modalities to be fulfilled in acquiring the necessary ballot papers and the
printing of such papers cannot be met by the government because of financial
constraints. Dr Doe made the recommendation yesterday during a brief visit
tothe Capitol building when he met with the legislators.

/12232
cso: 3400/2



JPRS+SSA¥86 7104
14 October 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PFP LEADER WARNS DET AGAINST LINKS TO SECURITY FUNCTIONS
MB201300 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0951 GMT 20 Sep 86

[Text] Cape Town, 20 Sep (SAPA)--It is against the interest of the

Department of Education, and Training [DET] to be linked in any way with the
security functions of the state, leader of the official opposition, Mr Colin
Eglin said in a statement today. Mr Eglin was reacting to the recent dis-
closure that the DET was running youth "camps" where young detainees were given
training. Politicians and representatives of the press were taken by the DET
earlier this week to visit one of these camps, Roodewal, near Bloemfontein.

"I have had an opportunity of discussing with Mrs Helen Suzman and Mr Ken
Adrew (both Progressive Federal Party MP's) their visit to the youth center
at Roodewal in the Orange Free State and of evaluating the information which
is available at this stage on the youth camps organized by the DET." He said
at a time when the DET needed "to enjoy increased trust and credibility if
it was to play a meaningful role in the field of education, it was against
its interest to be linked in any way with the security functions of the state."
Mr Eglin said it was appropriate for the DET to initiate and organize youth
camps-~where youth leadership could be promoted--as part of its general
function. He said, however, a new dimension had been added through the youth
camp link with the security system.

He said on the issue as to whether or not there had been coercion in getting
young detainees to attend the camps, the fact was that decisions taken by
persons who were being held in detention without trial against their will
could not be truly voluntarily. This was borne out by the limited sample of
two persons allowed to be interviewed by Mr Andrew, who indicated they did not
understand the choice before them was to attend the course or to be free to

go home, but rather that it was to attend the course or stay in detention,
Mr Eglin said.

He said it appeared that a number of other detainees who "volunteered" to
attend the camps were not released but were transferred to other jails in the
OFS [Orange Free State].

"The DET is already facing major difficulties. In the interests of education
and itself the DET should stop having anything to do with course for detainees.
Better still the whole system of detention without trial should be scrapped,"
Mr Eglin added.

/9738
cso: 3400/30

45



Dr. Stone said that multi-racial schools and one education department for
all in South Africa would only lead to confusion, conflict between different

cultural groups and further division as children brought up with different
cultural backgrounds hit "grey areas" at school.

A.central education department would also lead to domination of one group
over another. In a number of countries the decentralization of education

departments in the hands of different groups was seen as a way of furthering
stability, he said.

19738
cso: 3400/30

47



IPRS+SSAb864104
14 October 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

FOOD CRISIS REPORTED--A serious food crisis continues to affect Mozambique,
according to Minister of Cooperation Jacinto Veloso, who is also the

chairman of the coordinating council of the Department of Prevention Against
Natural Disasters. He revealed this in Maputo today. The food crisis affects
more than 4 million people, or one third of the Mozambican population.
Jacinto Veloso, who was speaking at the opening of a meeting of the
coordinating council, said that the drought which has hit the country over
the last 5 years, and the destabilizing actions of the armed bandits are the
principal reasons for this situation. This meeting, which began today, will
analyze the country's food crisis and receive reports from several nongovern-
mental bodies as well as UN experts on their efforts to reduce the gravity

of the problem. This meeting, which is scheduled to end on Wednesday, is
chairéd by Aranda da Silva, the deputy chairman of the coordinating council
of the Department of Prevention Against Natural Disasters. [Text] [Maputo
Domestic Service in Portuguese 1500 GMT 22 Sep 86 MB] /9738

CsO: 3400/35

10