[Second reporter] It certainly is not. We do not operate apertheid
in this country.

[Nel] Well, you do have a ministry of aboriginal affairs. You have
reserves for aborigines in your country, and in some of those reserves,
white people cannot buy land. Even in some of those reserves; white
people even go into those lands, into those reserves. They must have
permits to go in there. Is that not apartheid?

[Second reporter] Aborigines in this country can move around in capital
cities. It would take me 5 minutes to drive to an area in Sydney where
aborigines live alongside white people.

[Nel] In South Africa, you find that as well. And black people in this
country can move wherever they want to move. [end video]

/12624
cso: 3400/377

55


NIGERIA

%

BABANGIDA ISSUES WARNING ON DANGERS OF ETHNIC RIVALRY
ABO70823 Lagos NAN in English 0820 GMT 6 Aug 86

[Text] Abuja, 5 Aug [date as received] (NAN)--President Ibrahim Babangida
said yesterday in Abuja that major controversies between Muslims and Christians
in the country were potentially dangerous to the nation's interest.

In an address at the opening of a national seminar on "The National Question in
Nigeria," Maj-Gen Babangida said that such controversies were dangerous because
they had “often assumed regional overtones."

In the address, which was read by the Chief of General Staff, Commodore Ebitu
Ukiwe, the president noted that although the two religions promoted ideological
and cultural unity amongst different ethnic groups and nationalities, they
tended to intensify contradictions at the higher level.

The president said that it was regrettable that politicians, top government
functionaries, and businessmen had exploited Nigeria's ethnic, religious, and
linguistic differences to their advantage.

He told participants at the week-long seminar that “people have been made to
believe that it is only when someone from their ethnic group holds an effective
office that their lot can improve, irrespective of the personal qualities of
the individual," President Babangida added: "Unfortunately, individuals in
government have acted and exercised power in a manner to (?lend credence) to
this belief,"

The minister of special duties, Air Vice-Marshal Ishaya Skekari, who is also
the chairman of the seminar, said that Nigeria was presently standing "on the
threshold of foregoing its national identity."

He stated that after 25 years of independence there [word indistinct] to have
“another critical look at the divisive factors in our past to chart: a new
course for future greatness and stability."

Also speaking at the seminar, the president of the Historical Society of

Nigeria, Prof Obaro Ikime, suggested the promulgation of an "act: of union"
in the country.

21



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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
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given by source.

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1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



SOUTH AFRICA

TAMBO CRITICIZES NONIMPOSITION OF RSA SANCTIONS
EA081031 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT 7 Aug 86
[Program entitled: "Isolate Pretoria Now'']

[Text] Compatriots: Once again, the British prime minister, Margaret
Thatcher, repeated the old and discredited argument that the imposition
of sanctions against Pretoria will affect the victims of apartheid
(initially). In other words, [words indistinct] that the isolation of
our oppressors will hurt us, the oppressed, the most. Other leaders of
the Commonwealth rejected the argument and went ahead to impose sanctions
against the monstrous regime. But, up to now, the Conservative British
Government is sitll clinging onto its position.

The premier of Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe, put it clearly and exposed the
emptiness of such an argument when he said that Britain has let the

people of South Africa down. The Indian leader, Rajiv Gandhi, on his

part accused Thatcher of betraying principle for the sake of profit.

But what is the basis for this argument? Is it not true that we will suffer
the most if sanctions were imposed? The president of the ANC, Comrade
Oliver Tambo, dismisses the argument as just a worn out excuse of refusing

to isolate Pretoria:

[Begin Tambo recording] This is a worn out excuse for a few (2regimes)
[not --] to put pressure on the apartheid system, so that it can be destroyed.
This argument came, in the first instance, not from the oppressed, because
it was the oppressed who called for sanctions because we knew our position,
we knew what it meant for us and we deliberately opted for sanctions.

[word indistinct] and those who were resisting the sanctions out of [word
indistinct] came out with a cheap and a very cheap argument, that is. But
this is going to hurt the very people we want to help. I think some of the
slave owners advanced the same argument about the emancipation of slaves.
They said, you want to free the slaves, what is going to happen to them?
They will die without us, we are helping them [word indistinct] you now
want us to throw them out. The same argument.

Well, the fact of the matter is that it is the multinationals who are quick

to advance [this argument --] because it is the multinationals who are going
to lose their profits when once the sanctions begin to bite. Beyond that,

64



SOUTH AFRICA

KWANDEBELE SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SAID 80-100 PERCENT
MB061533 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1526 GMT 6 Aug 86

[Text] Siyabuswa, Kwandebele, Aug 6, SAPA--Kwandebele schoolchildren
"flocked back" to schools today with an "adequate" primary school attendance
reported and high schools in some areas "back to normal," according to

a press statement released today by the homeland government.

A spokesman for the Kwandebele Department of Education said most primary
schools had attendances of between 80 and 100 percent after some pupils
started returning to schools yesterday.

"We are pleased, and we are now considering a plan to help pupils catch
up on schoolwork and lost time," the spokesman said.

He said the new plan will probably start once school attendance has
returned to normal.

The plan involves a.creation of five student development centers, one
in each of the five school inspection regions of Kwandebele.

He said the centers will be for student development activities and will
operate after school hours and on Saturdays. They will include special
sessions on examination techniques, open discussion of current and
international affairs, practical comprehension and essay writing, as
well as letter writing and meetings with invited vocational guidance
counsellors to discuss future careers.

"We hope these student development centers will allow pupils
to get more than they normally would in the classroom," the spokesman said.

"To make up for, time lost, we already also have one request from parents
to lengthen the schoolday."

/12624
cso: 3400/371

75



its people to poverty and forcing
millions into destitution. .

Two attempts by South Africa —
one in 1984 and another last year —
to reconcile the two sides failed
completely. This left the perceived
gap between Frelimo and the MNR
as wide as ever.

Frelimo said it was willing to
consider a ceasefire, but only if it
preceded the surrender of the rebel
forces.

The MNR said it would be
satisfied with nothing less than. a
ceasefire which led to a coalition
“government of national
reconciliation” which would
organise elections for a constituent
assembly which would draw up a
new, democratic constitution for
Mozambique.

Although there have been
rumours in recent weeks of
international moves to bring the

~ two warring parties together, thé

latest statements by both sides have
reflected determination to fight on
— and Mozambique President
Samora Machel has reorganised his
executive to give him more scope
and more time to directly control.
the war effort.

His is a difficult task.

While his Soviet friends are.
preoccupied in- Angola, Afghanistan
and in Ethiopia, they cannot or will,
not bail him out militarily.

Survive

And, for as long as the civil war
lasts, his Western donors cannot bail
him out economically — even-if
they wanted to.

‘The best he can do at this stage is
survive.

Some observers believe that the |
Maputo Government’s refusal to

i
i

“come to terms with the rebels will
provoke a coup from a tired
military machine, a military
machine which must be daunted by
.the prospect of continuing the war
indefinitely.

In a recent statement, the MNR.
president, Mr Afons Dhlakama, said
that he would not consider
negotiations with Frelimo. The
MNR would talk only to Frelimo
military officers “serving in the
field”.

In other..words, the MNR would

: talk only to those charged with

prosecuting the war.

It is difficult to assess the
chances of a military coup in
Mozambique.

However, a coup — or perhaps
even the threat of a coup —.may be
the only thing that can save what
little is‘left in the former
Portuguese colony.

Paul Fauvet Counters Criticism

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 86 p 18

[Article by John D'Oliveira]

[Text ]

‘When one country sends an army
into another, this is usually de-
scribed as an invasion. The Star,
however, takes issue with the Eng-
lish language and in its Leader Page
article of July 30 describes the ag-
gression against Mozambique as a
“civil war”.

The instrument for this aggression,
the MNR, was a creation of Rhode-
sian intelligence in 1976. In 1980, with
Zimbabwean independence looming,

.the MNR had to change its rear base

in a hurry, South African military in- *
telligence took over the operation }

lock, stock and barrel, and flew it to
the Transvaal where it has been
based ever since.

These are matters of historical ,

record, which The Star should know
perfectly well. Retired officers of
the Rhodesian Central Intelligence
Organisation willingly speak of their

role in setting up the MNR, while ‘

captured MNR members and docu- ;

ments confirm, in great detail, the
South African leadership of the
whole operation. 2

Even Western journalists sympa-
thetic to. the MNR have freely ad-
mitted the role of Rhodesian and
South African intelligence. : 1's

It_is, of course, true that -most/’
MNR members are Mozambican cit*;
izens. This is of secondary impor-.
tance. There were plenty of French,
and Soviet citizens who collaborat- |,
ed with the Nazis in World War 2,
but nobody dreams of calling
Hitler’s occupation of France, or the
invasion of the USSR “civil wars”.

The key: factor is that. the’ sup-
plies, training and orders for the
MNR all come. from a’ foreign
power. It is this that justifies the de- -
scription of the war as aggression.

The Star article does not even
touch on this, Instead it presents the
South African Government in ani an-
gelic light. The writer claims that:
President Botha’s regime tried to:
“reconcile” Mozambique to the
MNR in 1984 and 1985. :

Perhaps the writer has not read’,
‘the documents captured from the
MNR ‘when’ Zimbabwean-.and Mo:

“zambican forces stormed its main“

11

camp in Gorongosa last August. (The
authenticity of the documents was

‘grudgingly admitted by Foreign

Minister Pik Botha.)

They reveal that while South Afri-
ca was negotiating with the Mo-
\zambican Government in Septem-
i ber and October 1984, its military
‘ were busy arranging massive arms
| shipments (disguised as “humanitar-

jan aid”) tathe MNR.

They also installed secret listen-
ying devices’so that the MNR leader-
‘ship could spy on Pik. Botha’s dis-

cussion, with Mozambican represen-
tatives. waa

In September we find MNR
‘scribes recording meetings with the

then head of military intelligence,

General van der Westhuisen, and

Awith General Constand Viljoen, the
then head of the SADF.

;. Van der Westhuisen pledged that
his department was “always side by
side with Renamo (MNR) and we
‘shall study and work together, since
our common purpose is to rid South
‘ern Africa of communism both mili-

\. tarily and politically”.



[Modise] Precisely. This is an initiative on the part of the people. In
fact, the organization has called upon the people to organize [word
indistinct] units and to confront the enemy.

And one must say with satisfaction that the people have responded positively
towards this call. We now see quite a number of units coming up inside the
country, but in fact the people are showing creativity, a lot of initiative
amongst them. We see street committees, self-defense units, all these [word
indistinct] (?are in). combat formations. [Words indistinct] will be improved
to carry the war to its successful conclusion. :

[Reporter] Do they have any interrelation with Umkhonto we Sizwe combatants?

[Modise] They are working very, very closely with Umkhonto combatants,
because some of them, through their own initiative, have managed to arm
themselves, but because they have not had an opportunity to be trained,
sometimes those arms ate not used very effectively. This is where Umkhonto’
combatants come in.”- Now, our combatants are working among the people and
working with the people against the regime. So, the process of teaching our
people how to use [words indistinct] is being carried out by Umkhonto.

So, Umkhonto is an indispensable force among the people. In fact Umkhonto is
a creation of the people, is an instrument of the people. So, it is its duty
to be there among’ the people and ensure that this struggle against the regime
is effectively (?kept up). It can only be solved because of their
participation, because they have [word indistinct] and the people's aim when
they created this organ was, they created it to do exactly that. [sentence as
heard]

[Reporter] Comrade Joe, the ANC has also called on those wearing enemy
uniforms, particularly the blacks, to jump out of the sinking boat of
apartheid and join the democratic movement. Aren't you taking risks in
recruiting uniformed servants of apartheid? And what is expected of them?

[Modise] Those people in the enemy' uniform are our own people. They
themselves are our blood. They are relatives of (?us). Their fathers and
mothers suffer the daily indignities of oppression. So, they are bound to
participate. We know that many of them, the majority of them, have gone into
the army because they were unemployed. In order to avoid starvation some of
them went into the army.’.And in order to avoid arrest, because prior to these
changes the racists are trying to introduce, our people were arrested in the
streets for not joining (?the army). .In fact, there is, enormous unemployment
inside the country [words indistinct] to come into the police force, to come
into the army [word indistinct].

The fact that they are in those organs of the army, I mean of the enemy, does
not mean that they-have forgotten that they are [words indistinct]. So, as
far as we are concerned each and-every person inside South Africa, whether he
wears the enemy's uniform or not, has a duty to contribute to the liberation
of that country. In fact the black people, more than any other, for unity
inside South Africa, should [word indistinct] participate in the struggle. So
we believe [words indistinct].

70



NIGERIA

EXTERNAL RESERVE DECLINES SLIGHTLY IN APRIL

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 28 Jul 86 p 32

[Text]

XTERNAL re_

serve has mana-
ged to remain at NB
billion for the month
of April 1986 after
attaining a height of
N1.8 billion in Feb-
ruary 1986. This is
contained in the latest
assets and liabilities
report of the Central
Bank.

This was.an improve-
ment when compared
with that of April 1985
when the foreign reserve

19274

cso: 3400/152

“wasNi2billlon,

The major source |:of |
foreign reaerve which is |
foreign’: government's

securities : and balances

wa tee foreign, banks bas
continued to’ be the
major sources of exter-
nal. reserve for the
month of April at N14,
billion. : ,

The external :reserve
declined from 1.8
billion in February to
1.2 billion in March. A
dacrease of #600 million.

“The reason for the con-

with the. decline ‘a
Scene

For . example:
month: of March 1986;
declined by 'N236.3 mil-
lion Fee me cent to”
NB million ‘as
op} osed:_ to’ *N816.8- however,
inFebruary.  -__ Vere
‘And despite the fact that
ene ved reduction in the
amount of foreign ex-
change inflow in the period:
in question yet there was an

28



SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S TIN MINES FACE 3-YEAR FIGHT FOR SURVIVAL

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 4 Aug 86 p 3

[Article by Cherilyn Ireton]

[Text]

/8309
cso:

SA’S tin mines face a three-year sur
vival struggle if they are to weather ;
the international tin price crisis.

Nine months ago the International Tin
Council collapsed, sending tin prices
plummeting from levels above £9 000 a
ton on the London Metals Exchange
(LME) to last week’s Rotterdam free :
market price of £3 640 a ton.

‘The rub-off from the low prices forced .
the country’s three main tin mines into
the red during the June quarter. Not:
even a weak rand could compensate for
the collapse in international prices.

Analysts warn it will take two to three
years before the stockpiles are wiped
out, thereby enabling prices to return to
levels where production costs can be
covered.

This would occur if the spot price
Teaches £6000 a ton — a level which
would cover the production costs of
major producer Malaysia. .

When the metal was suspended on the
LME, 100 000t of tin was held by bankers
(44 0000t), merchants (36 000t) and pro-
iducers (20 000t). .

At this stage it is not known to what
extent, if any, the world stockpile of tin
has shrunk. However, the bankers in-
volved in the LME debacle are reported
to have reduced their holdings by
10 000t.

Based on forecasts that the tin market
will be in equilibrium by 1988 or 1989, the

3400/391

three main SA tin mines have started
rationalising their operations.

Union Tin, a Gold Fields of SA (GFSA)
mine, has been placed on a care-and-
maintenance basis. The mine was near

the end of its life and will only swing *

back into production if it becomes eco-
nomically viable. .

Zaaiplaats, another minor producer
which contributed less than 10%. of SA’s

tin output in 1985, has also trimmed the:

scalé of its operations,
However, GFSA’s. main producer,

Rooiberg Tin, which is the largest tin '

Anine in SA, increased production in the
; Juné quarter-despite laying off staff.

“Rooiberg is\weathering the tin cri-
sis,’ says Rooiberg chairman Peter Jan-
isch. te Seles,

Janisch is confidént Rooiberg will not
close its doors. “The natne of our game is
to hold out. We must also get to a break-
even situation and at this stage we are
nearly there,” he says.

Rooiberg, which exports half its annu-
al production, would be hurt if fullscate
sanctions were imposed.

However, Janisch points out: “Tinzis
not a glamorous metal and in the over“
scheme, SA is a very minor producer.”

Indeed, SA sales last year accounted
for only 1% of total world production.

99



NIGERIA

PAPER QUESTIONS PERFORMANCE OF NEWSPRINT COMPANY
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jul 86 p 1

[Text ] LAST Saturday the

Nigerian Newsprint
Manufacturing Com-

pany (NNMC) at Oku-.

‘Iboku, Cross River, was
finally commissioned
‘by . President Ibrahim
‘Babangida — Seven,
* years in arrears.
~ While commissioning

the plant the President.

urged NNMC to. market

its newsprint beyond:

our borders. With an ex-
pected production tar-
get of 1
year, 25,000 tonnes
above focal require-
ments, that should be
an easy task for NNMC.
Yet we fear that NNMC
may disappoint Major-
General Babangida’s
; expectations.

First, ,
right -now producing at
‘tess than half Its target,
with little hope that it
would meet up within
this year. In other
words, NNMC may not

satisfy even local re--

quirements in the near.

‘uture. Second, NNMC’s.

Aewsprint is not compe-
titive in price. Imported
newsprint san ~sach
our press at less than
600 Naira. Oku-Iboku’s
is 965 Naira ex-factory.

NNMC argues that the

increase is_accounted
-for by the 30 per cent
“levy, increased customs
tariffs and the run on

,000 tonnes a.

Okusfboku is’

our Nalra. We. wonder
how these account for
‘nearly 80 per cent In-
Crease in cost.’ In any
case at that price,
‘ those who have options
will choose, and it won’t
be our newsprint.

Third, the newsprint’s
quality is poor
‘even to the Inexpert
eye. It is yellow and
Coarse. Worst of all, it
breaks easily onthe
: press, which means
_ lost production time. It
also raises dust, which
. clogs machinery and af-
fects the quality of
print. Not only that,
Whereas a reel of im-
‘ported newsprint will
give you a minimum of

500 copies of a 16-
page paper, we have
:discovered to our
chagrin that Oku-Iboku
will give you at best
1,200, more often, $00.

Lest we sound like
gloomy pessimists, we
must hasten to point out
that we list these short-
comings of Oku-Iboku
with the best of inten-
tions. It is in the in-
terest of the Nigerian

int industry that Oku-

boku succeeds. There-

fore, our long fist is
meant to help NNMC im-
prove and make the Ni-
gerian print media sur-
vive and prosper.

19274
CSO: 3400/152

35



Unbanned:

The Male Member (Kit Schwartz)
Prisoners of Conscience: Dennis and Edith Bloem

Kroonstad United Democratic Front [UDF] leader, Dennis Bloem and his wife,
Edith, were detained under the Emergency regulations on 12 June. An
application for their release, brought by their family members, was refused in
the Bloemfontein Supreme Court last week.

Dennis Bloem, who runs a family-owned general dealer business in the coloured
township of Brenthurst, near Kroonstad, is one of the founders of the UDF area
committee in the area. During the past year he has been detained four times
for a total of nearly nine months. Between June and December last year he was
held under Section 29 of the Internal Security Act. This year he was twice
detained under Section 50 of the Internal Security Act before being detained
under the Emergency regulations six weeks ago. He has never been charged with
any offence. This is Edith Bloem's first period of detention.

Dennis Bloem also worked closely with civic associations and student groups in
the African township of Seeisooville. In January this year at least two
members of the township council allegedly fired at him in his car. An urgent
interdict restraining certain councillors from further threatening him was
refused by the Bloemfontein Supreme Court. Both his house and his shop have
been petrol-bombed.

The Bloems, both in their forties, have a large extended family dependent on
then.

/12913
cso: 3400/335

60



LABOR FORCE SURVEY SHOWS MORE GOING INTO FARMING

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 28 Jul 86 p 9

{Article by Omafume Amurun]

[Text ]

19274
sO:

MORE Nigerians are now go-'.,
ing into farmil
statistics relea:
Office of statistics, Lagos.”

‘The labour force sui
was carried out in December 1984
indicated that the -proportion of:.
agricultural workers rose from,
63 per cent in the rural areas to 71:

r cent, while in the urban areas|

it rose from 13 to 22 per cent.

It explained that the increase in!
the work force of agriculture,’
forestry and fishing was at the;
expense of the community, social!
and personal service industry

ceording the survey
work force in this sector dropped
from 36.9 per cent to 27.7 in the
urban areas and from 8.1 to 5.8
cent in the rural areas between.
ember 1983 to December 1984.
The survey said unemployment

3400/152

according. to |
by the Federal.

< urban area from 7.3 per cent
which: “

NIGERIA

rates had goiie up slightly in the”

1883 to 7.8 per cent in 1984. *
It said the increase in the rural *
rate was ‘more pronounced’

had increaséd moré in the rural
than in the urban areas, adding
that the size of the highly’

because ‘of migration ..of é
unemployed workers in the urban ; . etue ated rsinge the 'inemployed
areas to the rural. . : i About 48 per cent of the coun- °
ut 54 per cent of the  try's tion, the survey said

unemployed in the urban areas. . sre below 15 years and 13 per cent,
and 48 per cent in rural areas; the - “above 45 years while the average :
surye said. were secondary.. , size of household was put at4.s6in.

‘The 1984 labour force survey tin; | the urban and.4:77'in the rual
dicated that both in the urban and: | ~ The g,

rural areas, the proportion of the
economically active population’,
had remained stable over the re- »
cent past. 1
- It said unemployment rate as :

indicated that the
labour ‘participation rate for!
males was 76 per cent and 35 per
cent for females. ’
“The results also showed that
tates for female in the Southern

‘well as under employment rate {: Slates was higher than rate in the

31

Northern states.



SOUTH AFRICA

HEUNIS PROPOSES NEW TOWNSHIP NORTH OF JOHANNESBURG
MB071621 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1604 GMI 7 Aug 86

[Text] Pretoria, Aug 7, SAPA--A new black township to accommodate over
a quarter million people north of Johannesburg is one’ of the proposals
contained in the Department of Constitutional Development and Plannings
draft guide plan for the central Witwatersrand, released in Pretoria
today (Aug 8).

The site -- about’ 3,000 ha in area -- is north of Sandton and would be
established on the eastern and northern sides of the Diepsloot nature area.

In a statement, Minister Mr Chris Heunis said the move was part of the
positive implementation of the government's urbanization policy, and
would provide a residential area for black within reasonable distance
of employment opportunities in surrounding areas.

The draft guide plan, which proposes guidelines for the future spatial
development of the central Witwatersrand, was released for comment

by all interested parties, which have to submit written representations
to the department within 60 days.

"In order to implement the positive urbanization policy that has recently
been accepted by the government, and to’provide a residential area.

for blacks within reasonable distance of employment opportunities

in Verwoerdburg, Midrand, Sandton and Randburg, the guide plan committee
has proposed that a new township be established for blacks on the eastern
and northem sides of the Diepsloot nature area," Mr Heunis said.

Factors such as the existing development axis along the Ben Schoeman
Highway between Johannesburg and Pretoria, other existing and planned
transport routes, the provision of services and existing development had
been taken into account in selecting the site.

A spokesman for the department said the envisaged township would cover
about 3,000 ha and that, working on a density figure of between
80-100 people per hectare, it would provide accommodation for between
250,000 to 300,000 people.

He emphasized that it was sitll only a proposal at this stage.

/12624
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63



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

BUILDING INDUSTRY LOSES JOBS--The slump in the building industry could well
have resulted in as many as 75000 jobs being lost, well above the "official"
figure of 27000. This is the view of Mr Charles Martin, economist of the
Building Industries Federation, but he points out that this employment drain
might well now have stabilised. Another alarming statistic for the building
industry is seen in the latest figures on cost escalation, which reveal

that the rate of increase is accelerating--a trend primarily due to the
boost in material costs. The cost-push for the first four months of

this year is 21,4 percent up on that for the same time in 1985. Writing

in the latest issue of SA Builder, official publication of the Building
Industries Federation, Mr Martin says: "This sharp increase will no doubt
continue to have a negative impact on the demand for building work in

present market conditions. "Most building cost indicators have resumed an
upward trend and it is clear that it is no longer possible for contractors
to absorb further increases in input costs." On the homes outlook, Mr Martin

says there are ample business opportunities in the low-income housing
field. [Text][Article by Frank Jeans][Johannesburg THE STAR (Business)
in English 1 Aug 86 p 13]/12828

MUSSEL FARMING SCHEME--Cape Town--A multi-million-rand scheme to cultivate
mussels on rafts covering a 1,550 hectare area of Saldanha Bay which would
create nearly 4,000 jobs is one of two major Saldanha projects announced

by South African Transport Services. The second is the emergence of the port
as a salt outlet--both of which could have important consequences for develop-
ment on the west coast. Mr Neels Hubinger, area manager for Sats, said the
first trial shipment of 2,200 tons of high-quality salt to Zaire had been made
from the port in June and a second shipment would be made soon. By the end
of the 10 years there could be about 500 rafts in position, each delivering
about 100,000 kilograms of mussels a year. DAILY NEWS correspondent. [Text]
[Durban THE DAILY NEWS in English 24 Jul 86 p 4]-/8309

COSTS OF EQUAL WAGES--The scrapping of wage~apartheid among teachers,
paramedics and nurses is to cost the state R94m in fiscal 1986, according

to Treasury figures. It will be drawn from the Commission for Administration's
Rlbn budget for improving conditions of service for state employees. Adjusting
salaries and allowances of government departments increases by R63.5m to R505m
in the current term. It is understood the lion's share of the increase comes
from the 10 percent civil service salary hike in April and funds earmarked

for closing racial and occupational wage-gaps in the public sector. Government
has said the "disparity in the salaries of teachers of different population
groups" will be eliminated from December 1. [Text] [by Hamish McIndoe]
[Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 4 Aug 86 p 1] /8309

cso: 3400/390
100



ZAMBIA

KAUNDA COMMENTS ON RELATIONS WITH IRAQ

MB110726 Lusaka Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 11 Aug 86

[Text] His Excellency President Kaunda has said that Zambia will pray
for Iran to see this nation ending its 6-year-old Gulf War with Iraq

go that the efforts of both countries can be directed at development
projects which both countries need. Speaking at State House at the
start of official talks with Iraq Vice Chairman of the Revolution
Command Council Mr ‘Izzat Ibrahim, with whom he later hosted a dinner,
Dr Kaunda said Zambia supported the five points drawn up by Iraq for

a quick end to the Gulf war. The president told Mr Ibrahim that he was
welcome to Zambia because he represented his president, Saddam Husayn,
who had an outstanding invitation to visit Zambia, although it has not
been possible because of the war with Iran. Dr Kaunda also said the
bilateral relations between Zambia and Iraq were very warm because
their principles were similar. He realized that at the moment Iraq '
was preoccupied with the war, but he praised the efforts made by

President Husayn to end the war.

In reply, Mr Ibrahim told Dr Kaunda that it was through him and

President Husayn that the two countries had been able to establish

the sort of relationship that exists between them. He assured Dr Kaunda

that, Iraq will come up with positive results from its conflict with

Iran, adding that the confidence and belief in the future of Iraq ;
came from the belief of the country's just cause for the war. i

/12624
cso: 3400/373

41



IMG SAYS COSATU'S DEMANDS NOT MET BY EMPLOYERS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 1 Aug 86 p 6

[Article by Mike siluma}

[Text]

19274
cso:

3400/365

Few employers have met
the demands made by the
Congress of SA. Trade
Unions (Cosatu) regard-
ing wages and the status
of workers detained in
terms of. the state of
emergency, says the la-
test report of the inde-
pendent Labour Monitor-
ing Group (LMG) which
puts the number of union
leaders currently held
under the emergency at
320. i

Demands made ,by Co-
satu include continued in-
come for detained union-
ists, time off for union
business and ‘an end to
night shift work because
of dangers of returning
home late at night during
the emergency.

Mawu, one of the
unions hardest hit, had
reported that, by and
large, metal employers
were not paying up. The
union was put in a posi-
‘tion where. it had to!
directly assist detainees’

families by paying their
water, rent and electrici:
ty bills.

“South Africa’s largest
_wnion, the National Union
‘of Mineworkers, faces a
large employer, Gold-
jfields, which granted job
security but did not pay’
wages. The situation is
somewhat better at
Anglo American and De
Beers,” said the report.

It said an_additional
problem for NUM is that
families of many. de-
tained union, members
are in distant places like
Lesotho and Transkei.

According to the LMG,
guidelines to employers
from organised com-
merce - and ‘-"industry,
while sympathetic, did
not guarantee jobs and
wages for detainees.

Eighty-two percent of
detained unionists. were
from: Cosatu, *14 percent
from ‘the “Council of
Unions. of SA-and 4 per-
cent from the rest. «. *

83

SOUTH AFRICA



GHANA

PNDC PUBLISHES LAWS ON MINING, MINERAL RESOURCES
ABO21800 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 2 Aug 86

[Text] The government has published two important: legislations for the
control and efficient management of the country's vast mineral resources.
One of them, the Minerals and Mining Law 1986, modifies eight existing
enactments relating to the country's mineral resources. The other law,
the Minerals Commission Law 1986, shall, among others, formulate
recommendations of national policy for the exploration and exploitation
of mineral resources with special reference to establishing national
priorities, having due regard to the national economy.

The Minerals and Mining Laws says all minerals in natural state in Ghana
shall be the property of the Republic of Ghana, and shall be vested in the
PNDC for and on behalf of the people of Ghana. According to the law, where
any land is required to secure the development or utilization of a mineral
resource, the PNDC may acquire the land or authorize its occupation and use
under existing applicable enactment. The government shall have the right
of preemption of all minerals raised, won or obtained in Ghana, and from
any area covered by territorial waters exclusive of economic zone or the
continental shelf, and of the product derived from the refining or .
treatment of such minerals. Furthermore, the government may, by an
executive instrument, appoint any statutory corporation to act as its

agent for the exercise of the right of preemption conferred by this law.

Any person who obstructs the government or its agent from exercising its
rights of preemption in respect of any minerals or products under this law,
commits an offense, and shall be liable to a fine not exceeding 500,000 cedis
or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both.

The law made it clear that except as otherwise provided in its

provisions or any other enactment, no person shall export, sell or
otherwise dispose of any mineral unless he holds a licence granted by the
secretary responsible for lands and natural resources. An application

for the licence shall be made in writing to the secretary in accordance
with such regulations as may be prescribed, and the secretary may issue
the licence in such form and condition as he may determine. Such a licence
shall not be transferable.



ZAMBIA

Labor Force Survey Shows More Going Into Farming
(Omafume Amurun; NEW NIGERIAN, 28 Jul 86) ..sccscceccecerceeres

NLC President Proposes ‘Workers’ Government!
(DAILY STAR, 29 Jul 86) cececceccecceccecceccccceceecescesseses

National Transport Policy Committee Inaugurated
(DAILY TIMES, 31 Jul 86) .ecccssccccccsccccsscesscceescceevees

Ox Plows Replace Tractors Due to Shortage
(Waziri Garba; NEW NIGERIAN, 22 Jul 86) ..cceccecercceccecceees

Paper Questions Performance of Newsprint Company
(NEW NIGERIAN, 26 Jul 86) ..cccccsccevccccesccenccescecesceeees

Briefs
Anambra Aluminum Factory
Dosunmu Indicted
High-Yield Maize Seeds
Documentation of Traditional Medicines
Enugu Steel Company Rehabilitation
Rural Facilities Survey
Bakers Request Wheat Ban Delay
Police Training in Egypt
Completion of Low-Cost Housing Assessed
Central Bank Reports

Kaunda Says West ‘Poisoning’ Race Relations
(Maputo in English to Southern Africa, 11 Aug 86) ..scccecesese

Kaunda Comments on Relations With Iraq
(Lusaka Domestic Service, 11 Aug 86) .ccccsecesccceccccecevcece

Businessmen Urged To Find Alternate Sources of Supply
(Lusaka Domestic Service, 11 Aug 86) wcscccccccccccvccceccceces

Briefs
West Urged To Dismantle Apartheid
Kaunda on RSA Mining Equipment
Kaunda Says Forces on Alert
Kaunda Welcomes Gorbachev Peace Initiatives
ZIMBABWE

Conservative, Government. Deal Falls Through
(SAPA, 8 Aug 86) cccccecsccccccccccccccccecuccucsscecreseessese

Mugabe, Banana Speak on Hero's Day
(Harare Domestic Service, 11 Aug 86) wecscsccescecvccvesceseees

31

32

33

34

40

41

46

47



and 75 per cent urban households had electricity while about a third of
households with electricity had television. The survey said 42 per cent of
all rural households and 57 per cent urban households had radio while only
three per cent of rural households and five per cent of urban households
owned cars. Wood and herosine, the survey said, still accounted for the com-
mon sources of fuel with 82 per cent of rural households and 44 percent of
urban households using wood, The statistics revealed that 51 per cent of
rural dwellers still live in thatched mud buildings while nine per cent of
urban dwellers live in similar buildings. Literacy rate for persons aged

15 years and above was 23 per cent in rural and 51 per cent in urban areas.
According to the survey, 71 per cent of rural and 43 per cent of urban dwel-
lers never attended any school. [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English

28 Jul 86 pp 1, 3] /9274

BAKERS REQUEST WHEAT BAN DELAY-~Kaduna State Branch of the Association of
Master Bakers and Caterers has called on the federal government to extend

the ban period on wheat import by five years. This would enable the bakers
and the Millers adjust to the situation of using local materials such as

maize for baking of bread. A communique issued after the end of the Associ-
ation's meeting in Kaduna said the Millers, Bakers and the consumers were

not prepared for this sudden change, as a result appealed for more time for
them to adjust to the situation. It noted that priot to the announcement of
the ban on importation of wheat by 1987 many research institutes in Nigeria had
concentrated on partial substitution of wheat with maize or cassava flour, It
said the institutes had thus came up with recipes for composite flour applica-
tion in making bread but nothing had been made available to the bakers in
terms of total substitution. The Bakers therefore appealed to the government
to give the researchers more time to complete their various research efforts.
The four-point communique stated that inadequate supply of maize was a poten-
tial threat to the flour millers due to increasing demand by the food proces-
sing, brewing and animal feed mill industries. In addition it said the modi-
fication to existing milling and bakery equipment would be required to cope
with the challenge of maize substitution explaining that a lot of time and
money would be involved, ‘The association therefore appealed to the federal
government to reconsider its statement and to grant the bakery industries five
years period as was granted the Breweries within which they would adjust to the
situation. The meeting of the association was attended by representatives from
the flower Mills Research Institutes and members of the association. [Text]
[Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 24 Jul 86 p 2] 19274

POLICE TRAINING IN EGYPT--Seventeen African countries, including Nigeria, are
participating in the first rraining course for African police officers,
sponsoredby the Cairo-based African Centre for Crime Prevention, Research and
Studies, which opened in Cairo on Monday. The course will last till August
14, The Egyptian Minister of Interior, Major-General Zaki Badr, said at the
opening that the course was one of the outcome of the conference on African
interior ministers held in Cairo last December. The North Africa correspon-
dent of the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) quoted Major-General Badr as saying
that if African co-operation had become necessary in the development and
progress of the continent, it was more important in the field of police work

38



[Reporter] But then how do you substantiate that point, that the regime is
not containing it? Do you have an evidence [words indistinct].

[Modise] Numerous actions have been carried out by our glorious army. There
is no day that passes without some action being reported which has been
carried out by our army. In fact, of late there have been a number of
landmine blasts inside the country. Quite a number of racist elements have
been caught by these blasts. We are going to intensify these operations. We
think we are slowly moving towards a stage where the entire country will
experience one of these actions.

[Reporter] But now comrade commander, the ANC has called on the people
themselves to go to war, to go to (?battle). But, now, our people are
unarmed, how does the ANC hope that the people will go to arms when they are
[words indistinct]?

[Modise] Our movement is doing everything in its power to try and put arms
into the hands of the people. This process is an on-going process. But in
addition to the organization arming the people, we have also called upon the
people to arm themselves with the weapons that are laying around in South
Africa. There is no white home in South Africa that hasn't got arms and it is
our people who are working in those homes.

We are calling upon our people to do everything in their power to get hold of
those arms and use them against the common enemy. It is also possible to get
these arms from the black market dealers. We are also calling upon our people
to do exactly that. Of course, in order to fulfill this call that the nation
has been called upon to fulfill, that of carrying the war to the enemy's
doorstep, it is vital that the people should assist in arming themselves. The
movement will do everything in its power, the movement will speed up the
process of arming the people, and already there have been examples. Quite a
number of young people are no longer throwing stones or using Molotov
cocktails alone, but many of them now are using hand grenades. Those hand
grenades come from the movement, and we are going to escalate this process of
arming the people.

[Reporter] Recently we have had other reports like, for instance in
Alexandra, where the people have been digging trenches to trap some of the
armored personnel carriers of the regime. Are these the kind of actions that

you call for?

[Modise] These are the kind of, the type of, actions that we are calling for.
It is a very good initiative on the part of the people. It is a form of
ambush, but there are various forms of instances our people, our young people,
have abused [words indistinct] and by so doing they are heading to the arming
of the people.

[Reporter] Organizationally also, what would you call for? Does the ANC
agree with the spreading organizations [as heard] or mobile units and defense
units?

69



are not easily suspected. They can enter in many places where an ordinary
black person cannot be allowed. The time has therefore come for them

to utilize their vital position. They are the people who know the
military and police officers. They know their residences. They even
know their daily (?errands).

This information should be made available to the combat units. Domestic
workers must also take hand [words indistinct] of extending the theatre

of war into the white areas. This category of our people even knows where
whites keep their weapons at their homes. They must remember here that the
white community is a deadly [words indistinct] community. Even women and
children know how to use guns. All these weapons are there to shoot the
Black person whenever he stands up for his natural rights. That is why

it was not something difficult for a white woman to shoot down Paulus
Mashangu who was striking for better wages.

These weapons must therefore be removed from the wrong hands and placed
[words indistinct]. Therefore, domestic workers have to play a leading
role in arming our combatants. [passage indistinct].

This campaign of taking the war into white areas does not in any way mean
that [words indistinct] called upon to declare war on white civilians.

What we are saying is that the time has come for us to attack the enemy
and its personnel even in the white areas. This means that just as we have
been eliminating Black police and soldiers in our midst, the time has

also come for us to eliminate the white enemy personnel. Officers must

be attacked whether at home or in their barracks. Administrative buildings
in white areas must also be attacked [words indistinct] many parts of our
country must be extended to these white areas.

The campaign of taking weapons, which at present are in the possession of
white hands, is simply meant to remove them from the wrong hands. However,
we have to stress here that [words indistinct] shall not be allowed also

to stand in our way. When we attack any government establishment in white
areas, we do not [words indistinct] the so-called white civilians who

stand in our way. Above all, in the intensification peoples war there is
a burning need for female [words indistinct], especially in the field of
(?arming). We need them to ferry weapons (?across) dangerous spots for our
people. We also need them to help in the hiding of weapons inside white
residential areas. It will not be an easy thing for the apartheid police
to raid white residential (?area) workers as they usually do in black areas.
We also need our sisters and mothers [words indistinct]. The battle that
we are waging in the streets the enemy [words indistinct].

In our embattled country, the place for women is in the front ranks. There is
also the issue of [words indistinct]. We shall remember that even 9th August
(21956) march to Pretoria was on the issue of [words indistinct]. Up to

now, pass laws are still there. Although we have forced the enemy to sound

a retreat on this issue, the fact remains that the pass laws are still in
(?force). We are still not allowed to settle wherever we like in our country.
We are still forced to reside according to group area act. It is therefore
important that on this day, when we shall be marking the 30th anniversary of
womens [words indistinct] we ensure that we once again intensify our fight.

/12624

CSO: 3400/371
78



JPRS-SSA-86-090
5 SEPTEMBER 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

PIIC QUALISY isicrMUTED 3

94) 10608661

FBIS

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE

SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 | An
112.
Ape



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

MOSSEL BAY GAS PROJECT--The contract for the off-shore portion of the R3,5bn
Mossel Bay gas project was signed in Cape Town yesterday. Project director
Bob St Leger declined to disclose how much it was worth to Engineering
Management Services Offshore (Emso), part of the Murray & Roberts group, but
sources close to the project said the figure was close to Rlbn. The contract
calls for the construction of a giant sea platform and two offshore pipelines
80 km long, Conceptual engineering will take about a year, after which a
cabinet decision is expected on whether the gasfield project will go ahead.
Soekor will act as manager of the project on behalf of Mossgas, a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Central Energy Fund and Emso Ltd, a company jointly-owned by
Engineering Management Services and Crawford & Russell International. Direct
labour requirements for the fabrication work are expected to peak at around
2,000 people, with many indirect labour opportunities. [Text] [Johannesburg
BUSINESS DAY in English 31 Jul 86 p 1} /9274

CSO: 3400/350 END

104


NIGERIA

Nigeria Urged To Stay in Commonwealth To Pressure UK
(Lagos Domestic Service, 2, 3 Aug 86) scecescsesccncceceeececes

NLC President's Comment
NEW NIGERIAN Comment

Editorial Praises Zaire's Return to OAU
(SUNDAY TRIUMPH, 27 Jul 86) .ecscceccecceccccecceccecccceeceees

Muslim Organization Addresses Babangida on OIC Membership
(NEW NIGERIAN, 25 Jul 86) ceccesccevccecccccccceccceccscewerees

AFRC Abolishes Capital Punishment
(Clement Eluaka; NEW NIGERIAN, 25 Jul 86) ssscesscescsoececeves

White Paper Contains Politicians’ Activity Bans, Sentences
(NEW NIGERIAN, 26 Jul 86) ..ccceecesccccccccccccecceccecescesres

50 Persons Banned for Life
Some Sentences Reduced
Other Sentences Continued

Babangida Issues Warning on Dangers of Ethnic Rivalry
(NAN, 6 Aug 86) ...

THE TRIUMPH Criticizes Religious ‘Provocative Statements’
(Editorial; THE TRIUMPH, 23 Jul 86) .cccceccecvccccecccecceeecs

NEW NIGERIAN Comments on Dissolution of Muri Emirate Council
(Editorial; NEW NIGERIAN, 22 Jul 86) ..ccccccccccccceccevcceecs

Northern Governors Hold Meeting
(Abubakar Buhari; THE TRIUMPH, 21 Jul 86) .sececesecceceevceees

Bauchi Governor Notes Problems With Joint Institutions
(Tawey Zakka; NEW NIGERIAN, 24 Jul 86) cscscvcececsceceseccvees

Kaduna Governor Vows To Deal With Katsina-Zaira Dissension —
(Conrad Bosah; DAILY STAR, 29 Jul 86) ..csccescecevcccseceecers

External Reserve Declines Slightly in April
(BUSINESS TIMES, 28 Jul 86) .cecscecececvcsvccccsvccecccecesees

Progress of Agricultural Development Programs Reviewed
(Nduka Nwosu; BUSINESS TIMES, 28 Jul 86).....

Textile Mills To Modernize for Wax. Printing
(BUSINESS TIMES, 28 Jul 86) .

4

4

15

17

18

19
19

20

21

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30


BAUCHI GOVERNOR NOTES PROBLEMS WITH JOINT INSTITUTIONS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 24 Jul 86 p 16

{Article by Tawey Zakka]
[Text ]

COLONEL Chris Garuba,
Governor of Bauchi State
vesterday In Kaduna dropped _
ihints that common owner-
ship of some institutions by
the ten northew states had
created some intractable,
problems. . 2

The ten states own Kaduna
Polytechnic, the Bank of the
North Limited and the New.
Nigeria”, Development Com-
pany (NNDC) :

Colonel Garuba who was at-
tending a meeting of the
governors was askeq why”
Bauchi State Government
waited to set up a newspaper
of its own instead of working
with the other statés which
already have.

Replying, he asked, ‘who wants
to come together? We have come
together on a-number of issues
and that is why we are having
problems.””

19274
cso: 3400/152

The governor said it was the
; problems they had with the coms
monly-owned institutions ‘that
shad often’:brought them to
Kaduna. A n
!- Speaking specifically about the
state’s proposed newspaper, Col;
onel Garuba said it would be:
launched this year, first as @
: weekly newspaper. He refused to
be specific about the date of its,
launching, but said it would be
, published in English to give it a
‘ national outlook. a4
He said the paper would take.
' off as a government-owned paper:
but later we'll privatise it to en-
courage indigenes who are well to.
do to run it’. ty
Colonel Garuba once more
refused to indicate the cost of the
newspaper, only that the state’
was in a position to support it.
Asked whether the paper could,
survive beyond 1990 after. the:
military would have handed over’
power to civilians, the governor
said he‘ believed’ a good
newspaper should survive the
departure of the government that

set it up. ve

26

NIGERIA

‘A good newspaper should
stay’, he said, adding that it was
meant ‘to project the interest of
the state at the national level’.’

Asked the degree of response to
the state government’s decision
to give scholarships to non-
indigeries reading for ~ degree in
medicine, the governor disclosed
that 14 out of 22 non-indigenes in-
terviewed have already been
awarded scholarships. Six more:
would be selected to bring the
number of initial beneficiaries
this year to 20. .

‘He said the government intend-
ed the policy to be ‘a pitt
scheme’, adding that 20 medical
doctors in a year were enough.

| On bonding of beneficiaries,
‘Colonel Garuba said for one year
tof sponsorship, a beneficiary
would serve the. state for four

“years,
He explained that the bond
period comprised a year of na-
tional service (NYSC), another
year: of -housemanship and two
years in the state’s service.



SOUTH AFRICA

MIXED RESIDENCE AT WITS UNIVERSITY SAID SUCCESSFUL

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 86 p 15

[Article by Claire Robertson]

{Text ]

19274
cso;

The University of the. Wit:
watersrand took a gamble on.

Barnato Hall, and éarly signs ©

are that it is paying off handso-
mely.
Students at the university's

first on-campus, mixed resi-»
dence are treated like adults, !
iment “°

and they repay the compli
by behaving as such.

It is an interesting res in:

many respects: with 30 percent

black and 70 percent white ‘stu-\:

dents, it has one of the highest
black-white ratios on campus.
SIDE BY SIDE
It has no definite: political

character — Dali Mpofu, head ;
of the Black Students ‘Society; *
lives there when he is not in de- ;
tention; so do several supporters *
of the ultra-conservative Stu-.

dents Moderate Alliance.

“They live peacefully side by -
side. We are in the process of »

creating a non-racial society,”
says hall warden Tony Marais.
From their second year on,

students may live in self-cater- ,

ing units of 12.

Cheaper than the full board,
system, the units also offer stu-,:

dents the chance to do their own

3400/365

“cooking in fully-equipped kit=-"in mixed residences’ — “and
_! chens, to have greater privacy; fewer pregnancies”.
| or to share in amore intimate! Although they faced some op-
¢ communal life. “ position from their peets when |
Barnato ‘Hall even has rooms’; they chose. to move to the new
; for the physically disabled and}, hall — which not only broke
bathrooms designed for, wheel-| with university tradition, but.
! ‘chair-bound students. had none of its own — Justine
Paid for by JCI — and named; Ackerman and Kim Ivings
after its founder Barney Barna?| agreed that the scorn soon
to — the'R12 million structure; changed to a longing to be part
+ boasts a facebrick facade, honey); of Barnato Hall’s community.
coloured: tiles, Norwegian)... This is borne out by the long,
beechwood beams, and tall pin ind ever-increasing, . waiting
ceilings in.dining and recrea- list: *
* tional halls. . Cel

eline Berly, a student who
: "Most of the bay-windowed. moved to Wits from Rhodes
rooms look on to quadrangles , University -- where she was liv-
planted with trees, The ati g in digs — summed. up the
sphere is that of a village. students’ feelings when she said:
” Womien:and men live in sepa- ; “There is not much difference
rate wings, but share the rest of-| between digs and here — after
the residence, and all students.i all, living in Barnato Hall is like
fave single rooms — a first for. real life.” ~ te
Wits. |” ae
The verdict of the students’
living there is:.“It’s great!”. All’,
agreed that men and.women ,
had a civilising effect on one an-"
other and a brother-and-sister
relationship exists between
them. st ig

Deputy warden Terry Oakley-
Smith says research into co-ed:
residences has shown far fewer
problems with “sex and drugs”

85



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SOWETO CRIME RATE INCREASES--Crime in Soweto has increased dramatically this
year in spite of the heavy presence of security forces in the township.
Robberies and the use of guns in armed robberies and murders have doubled.
In spite of this, Soweto police have declared the area "under control".
"There are more criminals," Brigadier James Beeslaar, Divisional CID Officer
for Soweto told THE SATURDAY STAR. Robberies have shot up by 100 percent.
Murders and car thefts have also increased. In the first six months of 1986,
a total of 2,336 robberies were committed compared to 1,313 for the

same period last year. There have been 100 more murders than the first

six months of last year. Of the 676 murders this year, 114 were committed
with firearms. Car thefts have increased to 878 from 697, but only 342
vehicles were recovered compared to 313 last year. Brigadier Beeslaar
blames the increase on unemployment. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in
English 9 Aug 86 p 1 MB] /12624

UDF CRITICIZES THATCHER--Johannesburg Aug 3 SAPA--The British Government

had refused to take any strong action against apartheid even though the state
president, Mr P.W. Botha, had "kicked the Thatcher government in the teeth?
by refusing to consider Sir Geoffrey Howe's propositions during his recent
visit to South Africa, the UDF [United Democratic Front] said tonight. Ina
statement to the press, UDF, acting publicity secretary Mr Murphy Morobe
said the British Government's policy on South Africa was "clearly in the
interests of the white minority." Prime Minister Mrs Margaret Thatcher's
refusal to act against apartheid--even after the failure of Sir Geoffrey's
mission--was a "slap in the face" for the people of South Africa, he said.
Despite this Mrs Thatcher continued to defend the South African Government
from "the massive international outcry which daily gathers momentum."

Mr Morobe said Commonwealth leaders should therefore refuse to be dictated
to by Mrs Thatcher at their mini summit which began in London today. The
summit is being held to consider new sanctions against South Africa. The UDF
said US president Ronald Reagan was also giving "active support" to the
South African Government in defiance of the opinion of the U.S. Congress
and the people of the United States--while at the same time taking military
and economic action against Nicaragua and Angola. "Reagan, Thatcher and
other friends of the South African Government should stop pretending that
they are acting in the interests of the South African people," the UDF said.
"It is clear that they are more concerned about protecting their profits
than about ending the system of racial oppression and economic exploitation
that are propped up by these profits."

/12624
cso: 3400/371

80



GHANA

GOVERNMENT TO EXTEND COLOR TV TO RURAL AREAS
AB312259 Accra Domestic Service in English 2000 GMT 31 Jul 86

[Excerpts] The secretary for information, Mr Totobi Quakyi, has spoken

of misinformation and rumor-mongering in the various sections of the
Ghanaian society. In a broadcast this evening to commemorate the

2lst anniversary of the inauguration of the television service of the Ghana
Broadcasting Corporation [GBC], he cited some misrepresentations being
attached to the exercise by the special task force set up to consider the
restructuring of state-owned sector. Mr Quakyi said the truth is that
reviewing state enterprises through a profitability yardstick does not
amount to a wholesale privatization exercise. Mr Quakyi stressed that

it is not the intention of the government to follow the unplanned premeditated
sale of viable state enterprises as after 1966.

Mr Quakyi said GBC television should not perform the role of the clearing-
house for the inflow of culturally alienating and psychologically destructive
programs whatever their aesthetic qualities. The secretary noted that
although Ghana started television service before other neighboring
countries, her service is trailing behind in terms of coverage and essence.
But under the economic recovery program GBC as a whole has been. undergoing
immense changes including the systematic program for color television
transmission throughout the country. The secretary pointed out that it is
not a mere question of color transmission which is at the moment largely
oriented towards a few urban areas. There is the need to actually expand
the scope of television so that every area in the country will be
adequately served. Mr Quakyi said it will cost the country about

$10 million in the next year or two to extend television services

to cover the Northern, Upper East, Brong-Ahafo, and Volta regions. He
assured the people in all regions that they will surely be served

by television sooner than later.

In partial fulfillment of the government's intention to improve information
dissemination, Mr Quakyi announced that the PNDC is to supply as many
rural communities as possible in areas now serviced by television
transmitters with one color receiver each.

112624
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ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

INFORMATION MINISTER WELCOMES COMPUTER SERVICE--The deputy minister of
information, posts and telecommunications, Comrade Naomi Nhiwatiwa, has
thanked the initiative of the private sector and other agencies in
establishing a computer service. Speaking at the launching of the new
Computer Information Service in Harare yesterday, Comrade Nhiwatiwa said
the establishment of this information service would strengthen the flow
of information between public representation of the country abroad and
the daily working of the private sector. The country's foreign embassies
will also benefit from the Computer Information Service. The deputy
minister also said one of the objectives after Zimbabwe assumes
chairmanship of the Nonaligned Movement will be to further south to
south cooperation, including that of new technology in the information field.
[Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 5 Aug 86 MB] /12624

FALSE DATA TO AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL--The minister of home affairs,

Comrade Enos Nkala, has ordered all nongovernmental organizations, NGO's

to register with the government so that their activities can be monitored.
Speaking at a meeting between the ministers of state for defense and security
on one hand, and members of the NGO's in the capital yesterday, Comrade
Nkala also disclosed that some of these organizations have been passing

false information about the activities of security forces to the London-based
Amnesty International. He said the government is aware of which NGO's

were sending out false information about the security organizations to Amnesty
International, adding that the false information contained far-reaching
allegations. However, he praised some NGO's for doing a good job in
Zimbabwe. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 9 Aug 86]
/12624

FUNDS COLLECTED FOR MOZAMBICAN PORT--Millions of dollars have been collected
for the rehabilitation of the port of Beira in Mozambique and its transport
links with Zimbabwe. Jenny Cargill has details. [Cargill] The Beira
corridor has long held top place in regional development plans. Hawever,
little has been achieved in reducing neighboring transport dependence on
South Africa. Now with broadening sanctions against South Africa, development
of the port as well as road and rail links with Zimbabwe have taken on
renewed urgency. The bulk of $280 million needed for upgrading has been
secured. Scandinavian countries are the major backers. Work on the port

and railway line have already begun, and the Mozambican authorities will be

50



SOUTH AFRICA

SAA SELLING JETLINERS TO OVERSEAS BANKS IN LEASE-BACK DEALS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 4 Aug 86 p 1

[Article by Zenaide Vendeiro and Michael Chester]

[Text]

South African Airways has sold, several of its Boeing 747 jetliners — worth
R300 million each — to overseas banks in massive lease-back deals.

Informed sources say sanctions being formulated in Europe, North America, Aus-
tralia and Africa have targeted on air links with South Africa, with the-result that
SAA has set in motion contingency plans to beat the looming bans. ce

SAA has denied the overseas sales and declined to give details of its anti-boycott plans.

But earlier this year it was reported that SAA was negotiating to sell and lease back .aircraft its

international fleet.

Two separate sources have
now told The Star that these
deals went through.

This means that if landing
rights are revoked, SAA will not
be stuck with aircraft it cannot
use. .

SAA has already leased eight
aircraft “as part of the airline's
efforts to eliminate excess ca-
pacity and streamline interna-

tional and domestic services ac-:

cording to demand”, said the
sources,

Three Boeing 747s used on in-
ternational routes have been
leased, one to Air Mauritius and
two to aviation brokers.

Short-distance aircraft leased.
include one Boeing 737 to Lan
Chile, another 737 to a broker,
and three Airbus.A300s to. Ward
Air of Canada. Pe

Hit by shrinking passenger.

loads on overseas. routes’ be=~
v cause of -itiSouth.Africdn feel-;,

ing, the airline is continually
looking at the profitability of
services.

/12828
CSO: 3400/366

« Industry sources say'SAA in- ’
‘tends to trim its operations in ’
‘Europe and concentrate on prof-
ifable links'with London, Frank- '
furt and Zurich. .* pm .
“ It'has already informed trav-
el agents that the weekly: flight “:
to Brussels “will be cancelled *.
temporarily from October 20. '

* SAA says poor demand on the ,
route necessitated the suspen-,
sion.” r :

When demand. picks up, the |
service will be reinstated, as has :'
been done previously: with
flights to Britain and Athens.

SAA has also closed its office
in Melbourne and its sole New
Zealand base in Auckland: *,"*"
* And while SAA has ruled out‘,
further closures at-this stage, a>,

:question mark hangs over of-
fices in Amsterdam, Paris,. .

Athens and Rome.

92



[Reporter] Now, comrade commander, what is their task? What role do you
think they will play in the ANC?

[Modise] Part of their role will be within the enemy camp. This is to supply
our people with weapons from the enemy's side. They are better placed to do
that. But in addition to supplying us with information [words indistinct]
they have very many important roles [words indistinct]. [musical interlude]

[Reporter] A few weeks ago, the National Executive Committee of the ANC
issued a call to our people to take up the war and move from ungovernability
to people's power. We asked the commander of Umkhonto we Sizwe, Comrade Joe
Modise, what did the ANC mean by this call, “from ungovernability to people
power."

[Modise] By that we meant that our people should [words indistinct] to become
[words indistinct]. In other words they must destroy [words indistinct].

They must refuse to use some of those instruments, like the courts of law. If
they have problems amongst themselves, it would be better for them to settle
those problems amongst themselves, and in fact our people have taken the
initiative. They have now set up people's courts where they settle problems
[words indistinct]. And ever since the people have done away, every since the
people have refused to go to the white man's courts in South Africa--and they
are settling their own affairs in the locations--the crime rate has gone down.
[sentence indistinct]. The councilors, for instance, people no longer
recognize them.

[Words indistinct] people are now setting up their own machinery, their own
organs which will deal with their community, their problems. This is process
that must be [words indistinct] because from here, from moving away from the
enemy organs of power and then the creation of the people's organs of power is
a step now towards a (?sea change) in freedom [words indistinct]. This
process will lead to the complete takeover we are fighting for. In fact, when
we say, [words indistinct] ungovernability, we mean people's power. It
actually means [words indistinct].

[Reporter] The ANC also called for the boycott of payment of rent. Is that
also called for in this context?

[Modise] [Words indistinct] because the paying of rent to the enemy enables
the enemy's community administrative organs to function. It also provides the
revenues for the enemy to help it strengthen its organs. Now with the refusal
of [words indistinct] to pay rent [words indistinct] in fact it has resulted
in the collapse of [words indistinct].

[Reporter] Comrade commander, last month the apartheid regime imposed a
nationwide state of emergency and shortly thereafter told the world that the
emergency has helped it in dealing a blow at the so-called forces of chaos and
decay. The regime claims that it has been able to restore law and order in
the townships. Can we take it for real?

[Modise] No. It's untrue [words indistinct] armed struggle, the people's
struggle against oppression has gone on unabated. In fact after the

71


NLC PRESIDENT PROPOSES 'WORKERS GOVERNMENT'

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 29 Jul 86 p 16

[Text]

19274
cso:

3400/152

HE President of the Nige-

e rig . Labour Congress,
Alhaji Ali Chiroma, has daid
that the congress will prepare a
Political blueprint for
“workers” government” in
1990 for submission to the

Political Bureau. .
Addressing the first triennial

delegates conférence of tne
‘yo State NLC Women’s Wing
in Ibadan on ‘Friday, Alhaji
Chiroma said that workers
must organise themselves _to
participate effectively in
government in 1990.

He said that the NLC, when
in government, would ‘protect
the interest of workers and
ensure justice.

‘Alhaji Chiroma - implored
-women to be more involved in
trade unionism since _ they
constituted a substantial
proportion of the workers.

He cited Lagos State, where
women made up about 50 per

cent of the workforce, adding
that they should organise
themselves to have more say in
labour affairs and should not
limit themselves to the kitchen,
‘be prepared to night for
elective posts when the next
elections of the NLC come in
1988”, he said.

‘Alhaji Chiroma’ said that
the NLC rejected the proposed
second tler 'Foteign Excharige
Market, adding’ ‘that the
measure would make life more
uncomfortable for workers.

The chairman of the state
women’s wing of the NLC, Mrs
F.I, Sanni, appealed to the
national headquarters of the
congress to make it mandatory
for other state councils to
launch their state women’s
wings.

She pledged that “‘come
1988, women will vie for
elective offices” of the NLC.

32

NIGERIA



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

WEST URGED TO DISMANTLE APARTHEID--The president, Dr Kaunda, said in
Lusaka today that Western governments should brush aside the fact that
their genuine interest are not in the indigenous people in South Africa
and use their wealth to force that government into dismantling its

racial policy. Dr Kaunda, who made these remarks at State House yesterday
when he received the credentials from the new Ugandan high commissioner

to Zambia, Dr (Kalamya Muya Mushinda), warned that if the big five Western
countries did not impose trade sanctions on Pretoria an explosion in the
region was inevitable. He said he was aware that the United States,
Britain, Japan, France, and West Germany could not apply economic sanctions
in terms of trade, but warned that if they do not [words indistinct]

an explosion becomes inevitable. At the recent special Commonwealth summit
held in London, Zambia was in the forefront of calling for effective
sanctions against South Africa. South Africa has since taken retaliatory
measures against Zambia and Bimbabwe for their. supporting sanctions against
her. Dr Kaunda said today that Zambia faces serious problems from South
Africa in view of that. [Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT
11 Aug 86 MB] /12624

KAUNDA ON RSA MINING EQUIPMENT--President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia has said
his country would fight back with everything possible against the South
African retaliatory measures in the event of sanctions. Dr Kaunda said
that the trade restrictions applied by South Africa would have adverse
effects on the economies of Zambia and Zimbabwe. He added that the
restrictions could be child's play when it comes to thinking what

South Africa can really do against Zambia and Zimbabwe. Dr Kaunda said
Zambia was not really concerned about luxury goods, but was worried about
dependence on South Africa for mining equipment. [Excerpt] [Maputo in
English to Southern Africa 100 GMT 10 Aug 86 MB] /12624

KAUNDA SAYS FORCES ON ALERT--The President, Dr Kaunda, confirmed today

the defense forces have been put on alert to defend the country's routes to
Tanzania, following the discovery of South African plans to sabotage them.
Speaking in two separate interviews with American journalists at State House,
Dr Kaunda said the troops were put on alert a couple of months ago after
South African spies had confessed that they were sent to locate transport
installations in the NoOmern Province. The targets that these had to locate

44



But behind what appears to be an unbridgeable hostility, Robert Mugabe

and Joshua Nkomo are reported to have had a secret meeting just before

the Zimbabwean prime minister left for last week's Commonwealth mini-summit
in London. It is reported that a document was drafted which could well
pave the way for an announcement of unification sometime between now and
the nonaligned summit due to begin in Harare on 26 August. Those close

to the talks seem certain that an agreement can be reached this time
around. Sources in Harare indicated to me that there are still a number
of outstanding issues such as the integration of ZAPU members into the
reformed party and that of ZAPU activists still in detention. But the will
exists to solve these differences. Senior figures in both parties

have made it known that in the present atmosphere, that will is stronger
than it's ever been.

112624
cso: 3400/374

49


are the Tanzania-Zambia railway and the TAZAMA oil pipeline and the road
and rail bridges on the route to Tanzania. The president said according
to the four captured South African military intelligence sources, South
Africa intends to drop commandos in the Northern Province to attack

the installations. [Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT
10 Aug 86 MB] /12624

KAUNDA WELCOMES GORBACHEV PEACE INITIATIVES--His Excellency President Kaunda
has said Zambia welcomes the peace initiative that Soviet Leader Michail
Gorbachev has initiated since coming to power and urged the West to

respond favorably. The president was speaking when he met Soviet Deputy
Foreign Minister, Anatoliy Adamishin, at State House today. He said

Zambia was worried about the Western media's nonappreciation of Mr Gorbachev's
efforts to secure peace even though the developing world is convinced

that Mr Gorbachev's peace efforts are genuine. Dr Kaunda said the situation
in Southern Africa was getting serious and that Soviet understanding and
support was necessary to bring about peaceful change. In reply, Mr Adamishin,
who is in the country to deliver a special message to President Kaunda, said
while in the country he had useful talks with government officials which

had enabled him to have a better understanding of the situation in region.
[Text] [Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 8 Aug 86 MB) /12624

/12624
CSO: 3400/373

45



SOUTH AFRICA

UDF AMONG WORST HIT BY SECTION 29 DETENTIONS
MB061551 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1541 GMT 6 Aug 86

[Text] Cape Town, Aug 6, SAPA--The organizations worst hit by Section 29
detentions in the western Cape are the United Democratic Front [UDF]
and its affiliates and the Azanian Youth Unity [AZANU] movement.

This is according to an analysis of Section 29 (of the Internal Security Act)
detainees released in the latest Repression Monitoring Group [RMG]
weekly bulletin.

According to the RMG, 46 people were detained under Section 29 in the
western Cape from the period January to June this year.

The organizations effected are AZANYU, the Cape Youth Congress, the
United Women's Congress, Churches Urban Planning Commission,

Quibla, Moslem Youth Movement, the UDF, the Western Cape Civic Association
and the Western Cape Hostel Dwellers Association.

Of the 46, only one of the detainees has so far been charged and convicted.

Seven people were charged and are awaiting trial, six were charged and
acquitted, four were released without charge after 48 hours and ten were
released after a longer period.

It appears that Section 29 detainees are being held for very long periods,
19 detainees have been held for 3 months and longer, the report said.

Of the 18 people currently in detention 12 have been in detention for
longer than three months, five for between one and two months and
one for less than a month.

Sixty-five percent of the detentions occured between April and May
this year. :

12624
cs0: 3400/371

74



COLOREDS IN WHITE AREAS HAVE 'NO LEGAL RECOURSE'

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 1 Aug 86 p 4

{Article by Shirley Woodgate and Pat Deveraux]

(Tex]

While the Group Areas ‘Act re-
mained on the statute books, so-
called “disqualified” tenants
were in a legal wasteland, open
to all forms of exploitation and
blackmail without any recourse
to law, according to CBD. coun-
cillor, Mrs Molly Kopel.

A tenant living in the wrong

group area had no status in law.,:
It could be argued that even-in |

the event of rape of a “non-
white” living in a flat in a white

area, such a person could not,
call on the law for protection

Mrs Kopel said.

Hard on the heels of evictions
of. “disqualified” people from
Branksome Towers in Joubert
Park this week, she was high-
lighting the latest instance of
exploitation of coloured and In-
dian tenants living in rent con-
trolled premises in a “white”
group area.

At a meeting at Drummond
House, de Villiers Street, last
night Mrs Koppel addressed a

crowd of about 60 tenants on the

issue of their paying “illegal
rent”.

“You are paying rent in ex-
cess of that stipulated by the
rent board and are therefore
breaking the law. Do not allow
yourselves to be victims be-
cause you fear eviction.”

Mrs Kopel stressed that ten-

19274
CSO: 3400/365

ants must pay the rent stipu-
lated by the rent board, If they ,
refused to “pay rent they could:
be evicted like those at Brank: _
some Towers, she said. .

“There is.a circular — a di-:,
rectivé of the Government,
which has not been gazetted —
it states that any tenant living.
in a group area other than his or
her own has no recourse to’ the
law. We will challenge this di-*
rective,” she said. ‘

In addition to the overcharg-*:
ing racket of.“‘disqualified” ten-
ants in rent-controlled premises, \
some lawyers were climbing on
to the bandwagon, charging up*

to R60 to find out the correct:-

rental that tenants should be
paying, but this information.

+ could be obtained free from the:

offices at 287: Bree Street: said:
Mrs Kopel. “
“We want to make sure that:
everyone is protected by the law:
and not exploited”, said Mrs,
Koppel. . ay
POLITICAL is
In reaction to the-meeting
one tenant, Mr Andy Dippenaar -
said: “We have lost a lot of faith
in the powers that be. We are
being ripped off by virtue of the
colour of our skin — this is a
political issue”. .

Commenting on the -recent» °

evictions, Mrs Helen Suzman,
PFP Houghton, agreed that ten-
ants living in group areas other’

84

SOUTH AFRICA

than their own were probably
nervous about the law.

“There is ajshortage of acco-
mmodation throughout urban
areas. for those who are not

> white and this leaves them open

to ‘exploitation. If there was

* enough housing for everybody

these people could not be rack—
rented,” she said.
Transvaal chairman of the,

- Black Sash, Mrs Sue Trathem,

said: “If the Group Areas Act
was abolished this sort of thing
wouldn’t happen. One only has
to go into areas like Braamfon-
tein and central Johannesburg

| to seé they are not racially ex-

clusive areas. It’s appalling ‘to

i separate people in this manner.”



because crime, with the advancement of means of communication, no "longer
recognised geographical boundaries, [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English
24 Jul 86 p 8] /9274

COMPLETION OF LOW-COST HOUSING ASSESSED-~A Committee to determine the levels
of work and amount needed to complete all uncompleted federal housing units
has been set up Minister of Works, Alhaji Abubakar Umar has said in Bauchi,

He told the governor of Bauchi State, Colonel Chris Garuba, that the country
had been zoned into five for the purpose of the assessment, He said the
report of the assessment committee would form part of the new housing policy
being worked out by the Federal Government, Alhaji Abubakar said the problem
of abandoned federal housing units had to be approached on a nation-wide
basis adding that all completed federal housing projects would be given out

on owner-occupier basis. The decision of the Federal Housing Authority (FHA)
to sell such houses would however be influenced by the number of people inter-
ested in buying them in each state, he added, Alhaji Abubakar, on tour of
projects under the ministry said that the visit would enable him [to] see the
problems first hand, Governor Chris Garuba said there were 2,104 federal low~
cost houses in the state out of which 1,190 were completed but not occupied
while 672 had been abandoned. The governor said 1.6 million Naira made avail-
able to the state last year for the rehabilitation of federal low-cost houses
was sufficient to rehabilitate only those houses in Bauchi town. [Text]
[Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 22 Jul 86 p 16] /9274

CENTRAL BANK REPORTS--Nigeria generated a trade surplus of more than 3,000
million naira last year, This is an increase of 23,4 percent over the 1984
experts receipts of 1,900 million naira, The Central Bank in its annual re-
port for 1985 explained that agricultural production in the country rose by
2.5 percent last year, compared with a more favorable growth rate of 4.2
percent in 1984, It attributed the fall to the sharp decline of about 40 per-
cent in fish production, The report stated that the value of import goods
rose sharply last year by 10.5 percent to almost 8 billion naira, This is
[a] reversal of the downward trend recorded in the previous year, when imports
recorded 755 million naira, [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 0600
GMT 6 Aug 86 AB] /9274

CSO: 3400/394

39



JPRS-SSA-86-090
5 SEPTEMBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

Masire Denounces Apartheid, Emphasizes RSA Links
(Gaborone Domestic Service, 10 Aug 86) wsecsccecececccecsecerees

Four South Africans Sentenced for Arms Possession

(Gaborone Domestic Service, 8 Aug 86) wessccccccecccevereeeecere

BDF Commander on Security
40 'Aliens' Arrested

PNDC Publishes Laws on Mining, Mineral Resources
(Accra Domestic Service, 2 Aug 86) cecccccccvecevecevcccsscoecer

Accra Radio Advocates OAU Force To Fight Apartheid
(Osei-rutu Danquah; Accra Domestic Service, 5 Aug 86) ..s-.eeeeee

Government To Extend Color TV to Rural Areas .
(Accra Domestic Service, 31 Jul 86) wseccecccccvceuevcecvccscecs
Rise in Cocoa Production
MOZAMBIQUE

Two Writers Give Conflicting Views of Internal Situation
(John D'Oliveira; THE STAR, 30 Jul, 7 Aug 86) w.cccccseevecceces

Frelimo's Failures Described
Paul Fauvet Counters Criticism

AIM Accuses RSA of Recruiting Refugees for MNR
(THE STAR, 4 Aug 86) ceessceccececcerccssccceccecesceeesceeseens

10

10

13



19274
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~ Studies were instituted to find a way of retaining the ecological.

! benefits and harnessing the energy released by the burnt residual

fuel.

The result, it.is claimed, was’Mr Robinson's platinum Gasaver.

‘The device comprises a container filled ‘with a solution bearing
microscopic quantities of platinum and a pipe which fits into the
engine's air stream. ,

A controlled amount of platinum is injected into the carburettor,
effecting the fuel-saving process, it is claimed. :

The platinum solution is renewable after about 10 000 km.

Each unit of.the mixture, which costs. $69 (R176), resulted in a
saving in petrol of $192 (R492) during the tests, Mr'Robinson said.’"’*

102



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

FUNERAL BAN LIFTED--Johannesburg, 31 July, SAPA--The ban on funeral services
for unrest victims in Alexandra township near Johannesburg, imposed by the
divisional commissioner of police for the Witwatersrand in terms of the state
of emergency, was lifted today. Brigadier Jrp Bekker, divisional commissioner
for the Witwatersrand, said he was withdrawing the prohibition of funerals in
Alexandra in terms of the authority vested in him by the Public Safety Act.
The move, however, comes in the wake of two supreme court decisions this week
which ruled that emergency regulations issued by visional commissioners of the
SAP in terms of Public Safety Act were invalid. The regulations prohibiting
outdoor funeral services for people who died of “unnatural causes” were issued
by Brig. Bekker on 13 June. They stated that only ordained ministers could
address such funeral services; the services had to be held indoors; no flags,
banners, pamphlets or posters could be displayed; motorised vehicles had to
transport the coffins and not more than 200 people could attend. [Text]
[Johannesburg SAPA in English 1309 GMT 31 Jul 86 MB] /12913

cso: 3400/335

62



ZIMBABWE

BBC VIEWS INTERNAL ZANU-ZAPU TENSIONS

MB100809 London BBC World Service in English 0709 GMT 9 Aug 86

[From the "24 Hours" Program]

[Text] While Robert Mugabe may be facing dilemmas in his dealings with
South Africa, the internal political developments may bring some comfort.

It is now a year since the beginning of the present round of the long stalled
unity talks between his ZANU Party and the opposition ZAPU Party led by

Mr Joshua Nkomo. The talks were aimed at forging a political and
administrative [word indistinct] from the two troups and reports suggest
that a breakthrough has finally been made. They have agreed on the
symbolically important question of the party's new name. ZAPO will disband
and merge into ZANU. However, as the BBC's Peter Meyer reports, other
problems still beset the path to unity.

[Peter Meyer] Although sources close to the talks have made it known there
have been arguments over the new party's name that became the most serious
obstacle to progress, there are a number of other issues that have to

be resolved. The most important of them perhaps is the actual role

of ZAPU officials and ZAPU members will. play in the new party. This could
still prove to be a stumbling block, given that the ZANU central committee
will not be able to take in all of ZAPU's leadership. It's pretty well
inevitable that many of them will be left out in the cold. Nevertheless,
Maurice Nyagumbo, one of the most senior figures in ZANU, is known to have
agreed in principle that ZAPU membership be integrated at all levels of

the new ZANU. (?Meanwhile), ZAPU, president Joshua Nkomo recently said
that he wanted unity before he dies. If the two parties do not unite,

he said, he will not get to Heaven. A [words indistinct] of this kind

came only a few weeks after any chance of unity appeared to have been dashed
by two unrelated events. First, there was a series of wranglings within
ZANU itself, centering on transport Minister Herbert Ushewokunze, a
corruption scandal and accusations of a tribally motivated assassination
plot against him. And, also still undecided about what lay behind the row,
but there was almost certainly a power struggle going on within ZANU. As
for the [words indistinct] has been resolved. And on the other hand there
was what ZAPU supporters regarded as a humiliating treatment of one of their
own war heroes, former guerrilla leader. Lookout Masuku, who died in April,
only weeks after he was released from prison where he has been held for
over 3 years under the internal security regulations.

48



GREATEST GOLD EXPLORATION BOOM IN NATION'S HISTORY UNDERWAY

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 8 Aug 86 pp 1, 2

[Text]

THE greatest gold exploration boom in :

the history of South African mining is
now under way with expenditure of
about R150m a year for the first time.

The boom has reached such propor-
tions that up to R8m in cash — the
highest price ever — has been paid for a
farm to gain the mineral and mining
rights in the Potchefstroom area.

Because of the programme of drilling,
there is a severe shortage of drills. AS
soon as drills are available from one
area, they are moved at speed to an-
other.

‘About a third of this activity has been
south of the Free State mines; another
third is in the area between Klerksdorp
and Randfontein.

The remaining third is throughout the
Witwatersrand Basin, including areas
close to the Evander gold mines, south of
Johannesburg in the Crown Mines lease
area; also to the south of Nigel and
between Soweto and Randfontein Es-
tates mine.

The drilling to the south of the Free
State goldfields led to the establishment
of the Beatrix, Beisa and Joel mines and
extensions to older mines are expected
to be undertaken.

These extensions would be south of
President Brand mine and to the south-
west of Harmony mine. . _

Anglo American is likely to establish
a mine north of Joel mine in the Welge-
legen area and possibly another mine
10km east of Joel in the Biddulph area.

There are no mines between. Deelk-
raal mine at the western end of the West

Wits Line and the Klerksdorp goldfield.
An important drive is now taking
place to try discover payable reefs in
this gap. .
A similar drive on a smaller scale is

taking place in the gap between the-

Klerksdorp and Free State goldfields.
The Gold Arc of the Witwatersrand
Basin stretches from Evander in the

. east to the Free State in the south. Ge-

ologists are attempting to find mines in
the gaps.

New techniques have been adopted,
including the vibroseis method of trans-
mitting shocks into the ground and mea-
suring their reflections, by which meth-
od complex geological structures
previo difficult to interpret can be

+ Adenti tidy ne ee
Mining circles are confident that a

new deep level mine will be established
by JCI south-west of Western Areas gold
mune.

Further west in the Potchefstroom

‘district, drilling on the farm Gerhard,

minnebron by Anglo American’s associ-
ated company, New Central Wits, result-,
ed in core assaying 1756 cm/gt.

There are reports that another core of
much higher value has been assayed
from another borehole in the same area,
Geologists predict that after further
intensive drilling, at least two mines or
possibly three will eventually be estab-
lished in the Potchefstroom gap between
the Deelkraal mine and Potchefstroom,

The principal mineral rights are held
by Anglo American and New Central

‘its and companies within the Gold
Fields of South Africa stable.

Drills have been sunk to depths of

97

SOUTH AFRICA



In a keynote address, Prof Ikime said that it was imperative to have such an
act in the absence of a proper charter or rights.

The act, he said, should spell out what it meant to be a Nigerian and what
the people could expect from the state in return for their loyalty and

sacrifices,

In the 36~page address, Prof Ikime said that it was time for Nigerians to de-
cide whether to stay together or pull apart.

He said that the ills of the society which hindered the formation of a united
and virile nation included tribalism, religious differences, ethnicity, and
the introduction of federal character in national undertakings.

The seminar is being jointly organised by the Ministry for Special Duties and
the Department of History, Ahmadud Bello University, Zaria.

19274
CSO: 3400/394

22



AFRC ABOLISHES CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 Jul 86 p 1

[Article by Clement Eluaka]

[Text]

THE Armed Forces Ruling
Council (AFRC) has abolished
the death sentence provided for
under Decree 20 of 1984.

Those convicted under the
decree would now serve life
sentences.

Decrees 2 and 3 have also been
amended, Minister of Justice and
Attorney-General, Prince Bola
Ajibola, said in Lagos at the end
of a one-day meeting of the
AFRC.

Offences covered by the
amended decree include illegal
bunkering. drug trafficking and
tampering with electricity supp-
ly.
ve said persons detained under '
the State Security (Detention of
Persons) Decree, otherwise
known as Decree Number 2,.
would now be held for initial
period of three months, instead of
six months.

Detention warrants also would
only now be signed by the Chief of
General Staff and not together
with the Inspector-General of
Police as earlier amended and
which drew so much criticisms.

He said AFRC had carefully
looked into the issue of who would
sign Decree Number 2. *

Thé AFRC meeting, which was

19274

CsO: 3400/152

“the fifth this year, also gave the
go ahead for the setting up of an
;appeal tribunal to hear

decree.

The attorney general said”

“whoever is not satisfied with the
judgment’ of that panel would
ave the right. to appeal to the
special appeal panel which is now
being set up.”
He said “accused persons
would now have legal representa-
tions of their choice.” :

Prince Ajibola further said’

“the special appeal panel will

-consist of appeal court judges as ~
well as senior military officers ~

: who would be empowered to deal ;

with the issue.” . .

i He however, said the decision -

‘of the special appeal panel would.
still have to be confirmed by the:
Armed Forces Ruling Council,
(AFRO),

The minister also told
newsmen shortly before leaving
Lagos for Harare to attend the
‘Commonwealth Law Conference
‘yesterday that anybody found
Builty under the amended
Miscellaneous Offences Decree

(Decree 20) would in addition to

the‘ jail sentence have all his

vassets forfeited to the Federal

.Government. soe
vould also

for five years.

The minister said anybody
found planting, importing and
manufacturing cocaine would
also be imprisoned for life while

18

als .
“from persons convicted under the ‘

impounded:

NIGERIA

drug traffickers, transporters

and exporters would get 20 years

imprisonment. Those found in,

possession would get 14 years
| while those found selling it, users
and smokers would get between
10 and 20 years imprisonment, he
added.

He aslo’ said illegal mining,
especially in the northern states
was. another cause for concern to
the government, adding that the
offence now carried life sentence
for anybody cought in the act.

Prince Ajibola said penaity for .
illegal miners was very alright
becasue a ‘lot of the country’s

} minerals had been plundered and
; expbited even by foreigners.
:. The minister said stiff
penalties also’ awaited those
‘engaged in adulterating genuine
{products such as drinks and
} detergents, adding that such peo-
ple would get up to 14 years.

Government, he said, was do-
ing everything possible to bring
those engaged in counterfeiting
to book. -

On Decree 2, he explained that
it was reduced from six months to
three months to ensure Speedy
review of cases adding that 3
months was enough to investigate
any case.

rince Ajibola also spoke on

the e: iction of fugitives fram
ine

M

‘ent countries they are
presently residing.

:  Hesaid anapplication had been
sent’ to London concerning the
fugitives residing there, adding
that similar action would be
made in the other countries.



PLATINUN INDUSTRY COULD BENEFIT FROM NEW FUEL-SAVING DEVICE
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Jul 86 p 8
{Article by Don Holliday]

benefit from a
je of platinum ,
¥’ feveloper, Mr |

[Text] ‘The South African’ platinum-mining ‘inidustiy'66il
fuel-saving devicesthat injects microscopic’4i
into a car engine, according to,the device samme
Joel Robinson.” : De

A five-year United States! Governnient .e
that a 22 percent improvement in pettdl sc
achieved in vehicles fitted with the mechanism; He

The platinum additive is claimed to improve. combustion efficie
cy, extend engine life by, cleaning out! arbon
noxious exhaust fumes. °*'''

Mr Robinson said the device could account f
ing in world petrol consumption if implémented globally.

This would result in significant - benefits for. South

do percent Bav-
'

named, said he knew: of the device, but. did not
to market it locally.

“We will wait to see what happens, tothe marketin jeramime}
in other countries and then decide On whether thé’déyiee 18 viable ini
South African conditions,” he said.» } ¢<

Mr Robinson admitted the margin of improved « sumption was,
to an extent, reliant on the size of the vehicle.

All the American tests had been conducted using large American
‘vehicles, increasing fuel-saving margins, The generally smaller,
South African.vehicles would.be likely. to reflect att amen
a ing than the 22 percent noted in the American téstsheiaa
About one-third of the petrol enterin, Han engine fet ine ie
unbutnt, mostly in the form of Polsoneys varbor
- Mr Robinson said. # ?

About 12 years ago, the United States ‘Governm prompt /
: the heed to limit the negative effects of carbon moridxide pois figs
“ordered, that all fuel had to be burnt befor lef ipe,
; fuel ‘burns, it'does not pollute.” nM
‘. The automobile industry met these emission requirements’ ‘by:
:/stalling in tallpipes’ muffler ‘goated ‘with. fine: layers of; platinui
alled catalytic converters, *."¥
Unburnt fuel ignites when if. comes: Into contact elt platiqurriz
However, a . frawback is that {he fuel -b
‘atmosphere:." &¢
» Mr ‘Robinson sald‘Ihe ‘ ‘eatalylic, convert
“ecological success and an economic disaster.

101

SOUTH AFRICA



TEXTILE MILLS TO MODERNIZE FOR WAX PRINTING

Lagos BUSINFSS TIMES in English 28 Jul 86 p 3

[Text]

19274
cso:

\HE Nigerian Textile’.
T mits Limited (NTM) is
to install a wax printing
system as part of a N25
million modernisation.
programme being |;
embarked upon. by’ the,
company. g

When the currerit | pro-

gramme to re-equip is fully, -

operational, NTM. will. be

among the few textile mills “ duction costs and improve

in the country to produce
high quality real wax print

materials which is alwaysin ~

high demand both at home
and abroad.

These facts were
disclosed during the week
by NTM’s managing direc-

3400/152

tor, Mr. 0. A. Ho, ina wel-
‘come address he presented
‘to’ visiting NIDB_ boss,
Alhaji, Abubakar Abdul-

kadir,

“Mr. ‘Ilo who conducted
‘Alhaji Abubakar round the
giant mill also stated that
the modernisation’

; programme was a conti-

milous effort to lower pro-

quality. ©

'“It is hoped that from
your visit we can count on
your support in this project
in which we require equity

‘participation of existing ota)

‘Shareholders as well as long

30

company.

term loaris”, he ‘told’ the
august aitor.

In his reply, “Alsi Abv-.
bakar. expressed NIDB's
readiness'to support NTMTM
in its.modernigation efforts

saying that all the financial *
houses willing to sponsor .

the project were'no stran-
gers to NIDB.

'NTM - which’ employees
2,700 workers out of which
only 10 are expatriates, is a
partnership _ venture in
which * Nigerians “hold a.

majority 40 per cent of the ©
shares, Odua Invest--.
ments ‘and ‘NIDB owns.

considerable. shares in the

In intergrating back-
wards, NTM has gone into
ptoduction ‘of cotton, The.
company’ ‘in. . conjunction

with SCOA formed the Unit-

ed Growers Limited to deve-
sp" 20,000 hectares of
cotton’ farm... The SCOA
established offices in Fran-
cophone ‘countries will be
utilised as export avenues.

NIGERIA


SOUTH AFRICA

NEL SAYS AUSTRALIA TO BENEFIT FROM SANCTIONS

MB082008 Johannesburg Television Service in Afrikaans 1800 GMT 8 Aug 86

[Text] The deputy minister of information, Mr Louis Nel, has warned
Australia that that country wants to enrich itself at the expense of

200,000 black South African if coal boycotts are imposed against South
Africa. In two Australian network television interviews, Mr Nel said
Australia is South Africa's major competitor in the field of coal exports.

If sanctions were imposed against this country's coal, Australia could
benefit, while about 38,000 black workers who have to care for 200,000 people
could lose their jobs.

[Begin video, in English] [Unidentified reporter] That gives us two
questions. First, if it is hurting the blacks, or threatening to hurt
the black so much, why is Bishop Tutu supporting these sanctions?

{Nel] Because Bishop Tutu will not suffer if sanctions are imposed.
Bishop Tutu will not lose his income, he will not go hungry. He is a rich
man. But many thousands of blacks will, hundreds of thousands might.

And I have not heard of any one single black man in South Africa

who says: I know if sanctions are imposed I might lose my job, and I

am in favor of sanctions. But the guys who are in favor of sanctions are
those who will sit pretty and who will not lose their incomes, who will not
lose their jobs.

[Second unidentified reporter] Mr Nel, a final question: When can
the rest of the world, including Australia, expect to see you really try,
seriously, genuinely, to dismantle apartheid?

[Nel] We will dismantle apartheid. That is our intention, that is our
policy, and we have gone a long way on that road. But we cannot undo
the nature of our society. We have a multiracial, multiethnic,
multicultural society, and that we cannot undo. But in your country,
you have aboriginals, you have a ministry of aboriginal affairs,

you have reserves for the aborigines. Is that not apartheid?

[Second Reporter] We do have a multicultural society. We do not
exercise apartheid in having that.

[Nel] You have a ministry for aboriginal affairs. Why? Is that not
apartheid?

54



declaration of this latest state of emergency armed actions inside the country
escalated. In fact, over the short period that this state of emergency has
been declared, there has been much more bloodshed, more than ever before. And
in fact the struggle now has been taken to the white areas. It has moved from
the black areas and we think that this process must be encouraged.

[Reporter] But then what was the need of the state of emergency?

[Modise] The need of the state of emergency was an admission on the part of
the enemy that they can no longer govern that country. They had to resort to
a state of emergency. The draconian laws that have been (?repeatedly) passed
by the South African regime are no longer able to contain our people. In
short it means an admission on the part of the enemy that it has failed to
rule that country because our people are no longer prepared to be ruled
without their consent.

[Reporter] You talked of extending the war into the white areas. Are you
calling for a war of black people against the white (?racial minority)?

[Modise] No, the ANC [words indistinct]. It is an organization that brings
together all the patriots of our country against the common enemy. But it is,
when we speak of taking the war to the white areas, we are actually saying
that the war must be taken to those who are responsible for apartheid and the
directives that are given to the troops and policemen to come and murder our
people in the locations. Those directives come from white areas; they do not
emanate from the black areas. It is for that reason that I say the war should
be taken to those who are responsible for what [words indistinct].

[Reporter] So in actual fact, who are the targets then, are these white
children in schools and parks and [word indistinct] or [word indistinct]?

[Modise] No, the ANC will never go for children. The ANC will never go for
unarmed people. The ANC will take the war to enemy personnel, to the police
commanders, to the citizens force. Those are the people who are to be found
in the white areas. They organize themselves into units that are going to
fight and defend that regime. The policy of the ANC has always been (?that)
they will never attack (?unarmed people) [words indistinct].

[Reporter] But now of late, we have heard of blacks killing blacks. How
would you respond to this, how do you describe this kind of situation?

[Modise] This situation, I think must be put in a proper context. [Words
indistinct] in fact this so-called black against black killings is a creation
of the racists. They have organized policemen and soldiers who are dressed in
civilian clothes. Some of them wear balaclavas to hide their identity. And
these are the people who are attacking people's homes. They have also
enlisted puppets like [word indistinct] politicians. [Words indistinct] they
have gotten [name indistinct] to act upon their side. He has organized [words
indistinct] amongst [word indistinct] and these are fighting on the side of
the enemy. And these are used to terrorize black people. So there is no
question of black against black, it is a question of the enemy on the one side
with his troops, policemen and puppets against the people.

72



NEW NIGERIAN COMMENTS ON DISSOLUTION OF MURI EMIRATE COUNCIL

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 22 Jul 86 p 1

{Editorial]

[Text]

19274

GOVERNOR Yohanna Madaki
has been explaining lately that
his recent dissolution of the Muri
Emirate Council has been mis-
understood. He has said the
dissolution was not to spite the
Emir of Muri, Alhaji Umaru Abba
Jukur with whom he has been
at odds over a land matter. He
respected the emir too much to
do that kind of thing, the gover-
nor has said. .

It indeed the colone)-has such
respect, we are afraid, we see.
little, if any evidence of it. Why
do we doubt the governor? First
the background to his controver-
sial act. Some subjects of the
emir had petitioned the governor
over inadequate compensation
for a fand which was acquired
by Al-Hilal Gompany, in sJalingo
area. The compensation had re-
portedly been paid to the emir.
Quite legitimately, Governor
Madaki wanted sonie explana-
tions ftom the emir. Alhaji
Umaru’s explanations were that
he owned a large chunk of the
land and the compensation he
held back was his due. Obviously
the governor thought otherwise;
he asked for refunds.

Perhaps. the governor was
right to feel dissatisfied with the
emir’s explanations. Perhaps not.

But most certainly the governor.

was wrong to have twice detained
the emir. It was also wrong to
have suspended some of the
emir’s privileges. These punitive
measures followed Alhaji
Umaru’s action in sueing the
state government for ordering
him to make the refunds. We ask,

cso: 3400/152

are such punitive measures the
actions of someone who respects

another? Are these the actions |

of someone who respects the in-
stitution of traditional authority?

Governor Madaki says he has
powers to dissolve any emirate
council. Nobody disputes that.
What is in dispute In this case is
his judicious use of that power. It
has always been there, so why is
it being invoked only now? ind
why Muri Emirate alone? These
questions are even more perti-
nent considering the governor’s
explanation that the dissolution
of the Muri Emirate Council was
part of his government’s efforts
to reorganise ALL its arms. So
we ask again why single out
Muri Emirate Council? When
It ts welttnown that there is
serious disagreement between
the governor and the emir, who is
the chairman of the council, the
anewer to these is any-
thing But coincidence.

We would be the last to defend
anyone hiding behind traditional
authority te deprive his subjects
of their just compensations. But
this ‘Is precisely the issue-at
stake here, namely has'the Emir
of Muri deprived his subjects?
The emir was right to go to court
for an answer. For the governor
to be seen as punishing him for.
so doing is to adjudge the emir
guilty a priori, and to pass @ vote
of no confidence in the courts.
Surely no governor, or anyone in
authority fof that matter, can
afford to undermine the respect-
ability of emirs and the legitimacy
of courts, whatever their short-
cominas.

2

NIGERIA



SAUDI BUYER BACKS OFF FROM RICHARDS BAY PLANT SALE

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 20 Jul 86 p 3

[Article by Kerry Clarke]

[Text]

A SWISS-owned, Rotterdam-
based engineering consultancy
has backed off buying Triomf’s
Richards Bay plant.on behalf
of a Saudi-Arabian family be-
cause of increasing sanctions
pressure on South Africa.

George Roberts, managing director
of Industrial Plant & Machinery Dis-
tributors, an appraisal and auctioneer- |
ing busi s the Arab buyer wan- |
ted to buy the plant as a going concern. |
___A figure of about $30-million (R7:
‘qnillion) had been discussed.

The plant is believed to be valued aé !
‘a going concern at about R170-million.

Foskor denial _

: Mr Roberts began talks with the
Saudis in June and earlier this week he
still thought there was a chance of the
‘deal going through. a

However, on Thursday evening the
decision to terminate negotiations was
made. ,

Mr Roberts is now negotiating with ,
an Isracli firm which could be inter-
ested in arranging for a consortium to
buy the plant. .

‘oskor managing director John
Stanbury denies that his organisation
is interested in the plant.

Foskor supplied the Richards Bay

/12828

CSO: 3400/366

factory: with between 200000 and

300 000 tons of rock phosphate annual- ,
ly. Mr Stanbury says the’closure will”
not cause undue disruptions to SA's

Tock-phosphate industry. Foskor’s sup-

ply to Richards Bay accounted for né

more than 10% of its annual sales.

Business alarm

” The largest sulphuric and phosphor-
icacid producing plant in the southern
hemisphere had been running at a net
loss for several years. In the year to
June the loss is believed to have been
less than R10-million.

The prospect of one of Zululand’s
seven: major industries closing has
alarmed business .and local authori-

ies. a

But-the factory has been given a
reprieve by the iquidators who will
keep it running until September 15 on
reduced staff. .

‘The news editor of the Zululand Ob-
server, Sue du Preez, says workers,
made Jobless and businesses affected
by the loss of contracts and customers
will be helped. ‘

‘Mrs du Preez says the Richards Bay:,
‘Town Council will not suspend electri-

90

SOUTH AFRICA

‘city and water supplies to-the plant.
Small Business Development Cor-
poration spokesman Tony Kedzierski
s promised assistance through the
; SBDC’s emergency fund to small busi-
nesses. The SBDC will also help to find
«employment for retrenched. workers.
:~ ‘The Empangeni and Richards Bay
Sakekamers, the Zululand Chamber of
Commerce and the Chamber of Indus-
_tries have all called on members to
‘, give preference to retrenched employ-
€8.

‘ees.
i. Richards Bay Sakekamer chairman,
i Rita Kruger, says they will call on
| Natal employers not to advertise their
; vacancies nationally. *

Written off

|. The ripple effect on businesses of
the closure has caused concern. Loss of
pend power will adversely affect
| the Zululand economy. Credits held by
: workers at furniture, clothing and oth-
er stores might have to be written off:
- ‘The prospect of 200 houses in the
white areas, and even more in the
black areas,’ standing unoccupied is
; worrying building societies and other
jmortgage lenders.
Triomf made extensive use of one
line of the marine effluent disposal
system and it is expected that its
' nancial commitment to the Umbla-
tuzi Water Board is substantial.



Under the Minerals Comimssion Law, the commission shall additionally be
responsible for advising the secretary on matters relating to minerals
and monitoring the operations of such policy as the PNDC may adopt
relating to minerals and reporting. It shall also monitor the operations
of such bodies or establishments concerning minerals, report to the PNDC
and receive and assess all public agreements relating to minerals.

The commission, which shall be headed by a chairman, shall have a chief
executive to be responsible for its day to day administration as well

as implementing the commission's decisions. The chief executive shall
be appointed by the PNDC while other employees of the commission

shall be appointed on the advice of the Public Services Commission.

The law took effect from the 11th of last month.

112624
cso: 3400/368



[Reporter] Now, comrade commander, what is your command to the fighting
people of South Africa [words indistinct]?

[Modise] This is the 25th anniversary of Umkhonto we Sizwe. Our movement has
given the order to escalate (?the struggle). We in turn, as commanders of

Umkhonto we Sizwe, are calling upon all our combatants throughout the country
to intensify [the struggle]. In fact we are saying to them, we must take the
struggle away from the black townships and take it to the [words indistinct].

/12913
cso: 3400/353

73


SOUTH AFRICA

ae
ANC LEADER SPEAKS IN MAPUTO AT WOMEN'S DAY RALLY
i :
MB100526 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1800 GMT 9 Aug 86

[Text] A leader of the African National Congress of South Africa,

(Robert Manse), today appealed to the peoples of Mozambique and South Africa
to join hands and work together for an end to apartheid in South Africa.

Mr (Manse), who is a member of the National Executive Committee of the ANC,
was speaking at a cemetery in the Mozambican capital in a ceremony to honor
victims of South Africa's military aggression against Mozambique. The
victims include South African refugees murdered by Pretoria's army and

air force in raids in 1981 and 1983 against the town of Matola, near Maputo.
Today's ceremony was the culmination of a week of activities prepared

by the Mozambican Women's Organization to mark the 30th anniversary of the
historic march Pretoria by thousands of South African women to protest
against the pass laws. The anniversary is marked every year on this day

as South African and Namibian women's day.

During today's ceremony in Maputo, ANC Executive Committee member (Robert
Manse) thanked the people of Mozambique and the other Frontline States

for the valuable support they have given to the liberation struggle in
South Africa. He said the South African people were aware of the suffering
of the Mozambican people caused by Pretoria's MNR terrorists. Mr (Manse)
said that only with the end of the apartheid regime in South Africa

would everyone in southern Africa be fully free and independent.

The Mozambican women at the cemetery were led by Cristina Tembe, who is
a member of the Central Committee of the Frelimo Party and a leader of
the oranization of Mozambican women. As part of this ceremony wreaths
were laid on the graves of South African patriots killed by Pretoria's
military and security forces. One of the graves is that of militant and
writer Ruth First. She was killed by a letter bomb sent to her office
at the university in Maputo 4 years ago.

/12624
cso: 3400/371

79



BOTSWANA

MASIRE DENOUNCES APARTHEID, EMPHASIZES RSA LINKS
MB110658 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1125 GMT 10 Aug 86

[Text] The president, Dr Quett Masire, says Botswana believes that the
apartheid policy of South Africa is immoral, inhuman, and unsustainable in
natural law and that it is impractical for the conduct of international
relations. In an interview with Benjamin Pogrund, the foreign editor

of a London-based daily, on Friday, Dr Masire said Botswana also believes
that apartheid policy is the sole cause of the conflict in South Africa.
He said this policy is also the sole reason for which South Africa
resorted to war against its neighbors in a vain attempt to coerce them

to accept it. It is an unacceptable doctrine to us, Dr Masire emphasized.

Dr Masire said Botswana's links with South Africa were economic, cultural,
and sociological and that its links with the outside world were through
South Africa. He said this is so because Botswana is landlocked and the
nearest ports to it are in South Africa, adding that it is cheaper to use the
South African ports. Dr Masire said there were Botswana in ‘South Africa
with whom a Botswana share a common heritage as a people, adding that

links among Botswana were irrevocable and indivisible because they were the
same people who believe in the same things, share a rich culture, and
understand one another.

On threats from South Africa he said Pretoria had attacked Botswana on
three occasions without any provocation and that South Africa had

boasted about these two attacks and denied the third one. The president
said a number of bombs had exploded in Botswana which emanated from South
Africa and that President Botha had threatened to carry out more

attacks against Botswana.

On sanctions, Dr Masire said the world was already imposing sanctions
against South Africa. He said it appeared many countries have decided
and others were still considering the kind of sanctions they should impose
against the country. Asked how much progress was being made in making
Botswana and the Frontline States more independent from South Africa,

Dr Masire said from 1980 efforts have been made to improve transport and
communications infrastructure in the whole region. He said the objective
was to have an interdependent group of countries that can [word indistinct]
for mutual benefit, adding that South Africa was an integral part of

the group. Dr Masire said it is always unfortunate that the policy of
apartheid in South Africa disqualifies it to actively participate in the
SADCC programs of action.

/12624
cso: 3400/372 1



not yet come for the formation of a national womens organization. In this
regard we need to stress the need for unity within the ranks. At present
the Botha regime is doing everything possible to plant some seeds of
disunity and conflict within the ranks of [words indistinct]. In some
cases the enemy has managed to set one group against another.

Now that the womens movement is also deepening its roots in many parts

of our country, we have no doubt that Botha and his agents ate also working
very hard to introduce some divisions within their ranks as well. We
therefore call on the women to close their ranks tightly and flush out all
[words indistinct] elements: who are trying to divert our attention from
the real and main enemy.

We have, in the past, defeated these attempts within the ranks of the broad
democratic movement. We cannot allow them to succeed within the ranks

of the womens movement. In many campaigns in the past, women of our
country have refused to be divided. They have stood firm and committed.

At the present time, when unity within our ranks is so important, we have
to ensure that that unity which has stood the test of time is preserved

and consolidated.

The broad democratic trade movement of our country is still faced with the
task of organizing the thousands upon thousands of female workers who

have not yet joined trade unions. As you know, there are thousands of
domestic workers, office employees and other categories of female workers
who have not yet been unionized. We cannot allow this situation to continue
any longer. On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Women's Day

we have to ensure that we take strides along this path. In this regard

we must also strive to increase the number of female shop stewards on

the factory floor.

Fellow countrymen, there is the issue of the independence of the
Kwandebele Bantustan. With the proclamation of this matanzima - style
independence in that part of our country in 4 months time, thousands of our
people will lose their South African citizenship. [Words indistinct]

Yet more badly on the already weary shoulders of our women folk. Now the
puppet (Simon skosana) intends placing that heavy load on their shoulders
next December. We have already [words indistinct] Position of this pseudo-
Independence. Our people in the Kwandebele Bantustan have stressed their
opposition on many occasions that they will fight even the evil (Umbogoto)
in their resistance. [sentence as heard] On this stage of rededication
[as heard], let us rally all our people against this pseudo-independence
of (Skosana) and his masters.

Dear compatriots, we are nowadays faced with the task of stepping up the

armed struggle and also intensifying the taking of the peoples war into

the white residential areas. Those of our people who are employed

as domestic servants have a very important role to play in this regard.

Those ones who are already established in the white areas, even their movements

VW


OVER CAPACITY PLAGUES ESCOM

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 31 Jul 86 p 10

[Article by David Furlonger]

[Text]

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ESCOM is prepared to carry

‘enormous over-capacity to
safeguard long-term power re-
quirements.

Reserve margins are Already
33% above normal levels. Escom
usually maintains a safety margin
of 30% above peak needs. In-
creased capacity and reduced de-
mand growth have lifted this to
40%, and the figure could go higher.

Five R3,5bn . coal-fired power
stations now being built were

lanned and committed when elec-
ricity demand was growing at 8%
a year. .

Senior GM Ian McRae says:
“Now we're faced with sharply re-
duced growth projections of about
5,5%, which indicates that we
should slow down our construction
programme.

“But the possibility of sanctions
and increasing difficulties in rais-

‘ing foreign loans encourages us to
get the power stations completed
as soon as possible.”

The danger of the second option
is that it could result in enormous
under-utilisation of expensive
plant for at least 10 years, at which
time the surplus capacity ‘could be
absorbed, -/+* :

With reserve margins already
well above normal levels, more ca-
pacity would raise them still high-
er. Escom’s problem is that by tak-
ing up deferment and cancellation
options on new plant, it will pay a
heavy price. later. Officials say
loans for the current construction

rogramme ‘were negotiated in
981, when the rand was still worth
something. Forward cover taken
then means the capital programme
is being at favourable
rates. .

Such rates would no longer be
available if deferments or cancel-
lations forced’ Escom to resume
construction and orders at’a later
stage. . .

103

SOUTH AFRICA



NATAL NONRACIAL SCHOOL NEEDS MORE WHITES

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 31 Jul 86 p 3M

[Text]

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DURBAN — Uthongathi,
:@ non-racial’
school being built near

private

Tongaat, is on schedule
sfor ‘its ‘opening in Jan-
uary next year, but needs
more white applicants,
Mr Steyn Krige, a
director of the New Era

‘Schools Trust (Nest),

which is planning four
such schools around the

country, said there were’

about 250 applications for
‘the 80 places at Uthon;
gathi, but more white ap-

‘plicants were needed.

« “We want to kéep the
‘races balanced. If we
have more white appli-
‘cants, then we can lift
the number of- people of.
other races whom we can
accept,” Mr Krige said.

+. The roof of the large

imeeting hall’. is being
‘erected and a roof-wet-

ting ceremony will be
sheld on August 29, with
Dr Zac de Beer, chair-

:man of the construction

company which is build-
ing the school, as guest of

chonour.

Mr Krige said that

‘when the school opened,
basic subjects such as
English, Afrikaans,
Maths and Science would
pe taught. /
® However, as the school
progressed, courses
would be developed ac-
{cording pupils’ needs.
% “Activities such As art,
smusic and pottery Will be
yun on an extra-cyrricula
basis with part-time
teachers. Full / courses
will be developed if the
heed arises” said Mr
Kelge. ff

“A child’ must _ be
Siewed as /an individual

‘and steps’must be taken:

}o develop his or her full
Potential .
“Ié/you have a superb
violinist, she must be en-
couraged to further that
galent and not be forced
$o play netball every af-
ternoon.”
{ Discussion among
races would be en-
‘couraged. — Sapa. .

88

SOUTH AFRICA


SOUTH AFRICA

MINISTER SPEAKS ON EDUCATION SYSTEM

MB051319 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1318 GMT 5 Aug 86

[Text] Pretoria, Aug 5, SAPA--Eqai education in South Africa could only
be realized if the attempt to stage a revolution failed, minister of
national education, Mr F. W. de Klerk, said today.

Speaking at a Pretoria press club luncheon, he said the future of the
country depended to a great extent on the ability to achieve the government's
accepted goal of equal education for all.

Although it was a fact which had to be accepted that this could not
happen overnight, they determined to make a full contribution from its side.

Equal education could be expected within a reasonable period of time
"but then everybody must play their part.

"Schools must be built and not burnt down, teachers must be given the
opportunity to teach and children must be at their schooldesks; not
on the streets with petrol bombs and stones."

"The provision of equal education can only succeed if the attempt at
revolution fails," Mr De Klerk said.

The minister said it appeared to him from numerous news items he had

not succeeded sufficiently in communicating to the public at large the
essential characteristics of South Africa's education.system -- restructured
since 1984,

The main criticism was that a single department of education had not been
established, but a distinction had to be made between one department
and a unitary system of education.

A single department would lead to rigid management structures and central
control, which was contrary to what existed in most Western countries
and also certain countries of the Eastern bloc.

The government had opted against this and for a unitary system of education,

which, among others, granted meaningful autonomy and the ability to cater
for a diversity of needs.

56



SOUTH AFRICA

AHI 'DEPLORES' COMMONWEALTH SANCTIONS
MB061316 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1302 GMT 6 Aug 86

[Text] Johannesburg, Aug 6, SAPA--The Afrikaanse Handelsinstituut
[Afrikaans Trade Institute] (AHI) is still of the opinion that sanctions
will not be to the benefit for South Africa and its economic partners, the
president of the institute, Mr Christies Kuhn, said in a statement released
in Johannesburg today. ‘

What is in fact applicable and necessary for South Africa is high economic
growth to encourage reform initiatives.

Unfortunately sanctions, besides those already in force since 1963, are
a reality with which the country would have to reckon.. The AHI therefore
deplores the steps taken by the mini-summit of the Commonwealth.

"It is clear that some of these steps were taken to promote the economic
interests of other countries such as Canada and Australia, and that strategic
minerals of which South Africa is the major supplier are not at the moment
affected," the statement said.

This situation indicates that economic and strategic realities will prove
to be of more importance than sentiment, Mr Kuhn said.

Although South Africa is in a very strong position to impose sanctions on
its neighboring states, the AHI believes that economic realities will
force these countries to adopt a more realistic attitude.

Should they, however obstinately continue to create difficulties for
South Africa, the AHI supports the government in appropriate actions
taken, after consultation with the private sector, to safeguard the
country's interests.

Mr Kuhn said the AHI appreciated Mrs (Margaret) Thatcher's position on
the issue, and said sanctions would not "force South Africa to its knees,"
although it may lead to a lowering in the living standards which would
increase [as received] to the detriment of all its people and neighboring
states unless they cooperated.

52



NIGERIA

NIGERIA URGED TO STAY IN COMMONWEALTH TO PRESSURE UK

NLC President's Comment
AB032130 Lagos Domestic Service in English 2100 GMT 3 Aug 86

[Text] Nigeria has been asked to stay within the Commonwealth (?to exert)
the necessary pressure on the British Government to impose sanctions on the
apartheid regime in South Africa. The president of the Nigerian Labor Con-
gress, Alhaji Chiroma, said at the end of the 3-day meeting of the Common-
wealth Trade Union Council in London that the racist regime would be only too
happy to have strong countries that could exert pressure on Mrs Thatcher
outside the Commonwealth.

NEW NIGERIAN Comment
ABO20742 Lagos Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 2 Aug 86

[Excerpt] The NEW NIGERIAN examines the persistent call for a total pullout
from the Commonwealth organization as a reprisal against Britain's intransi-
gence on apartheid South Africa. The paper describes any such move as a mis-
conception which, from the experience of the 1960's and 1970's will not yield
any positive result and may in fact jeopardize the chances of an effective
settlement of the South African issue. It believes that instead, when the
Commonwealth mini-summit opens in London tomorrow, the leaders present should
increase their pressure on Mrs Thatcher to agree to sanctions, failing which
Britain should be censured and boycotted.

According to the NEW NIGERIAN a pullout from the Commonwealth will not hurt

Britain but will in fact be the loss of a valuable instrument for focusing
world attention on the issue involved.

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14



6n mining equipment from the racist country. He, however pointed out

that the minority shareholders in the mines based in South Africa were

also expected to do something about the problem. We have no doubt that

the minority shareholders have remained connected with the industry

in Zambia because they have interest in the economic development of the
country. Their interests can remain protected by a peaceful country. It is
not too much to expect them to play a major role in supporting the

Zambian efforts to keep industries afloat, and consequently support the
government stand against apartheid and the threat it poses to

industrial peace in Zambia.

/12624
cso: 3400/373

43



ZIMBABWE

MUGABE, BANANA SPEAK ON HERO'S DAY
MB111202 Harare Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 1l Aug 86

[Text] Commemorations to mark Hero's Day are being held throughout the
country in honor of Zimbabwe's fallen heros. The highlight of the events
was at the National Hero's Acre in Harare. Heros of the National Hero's
Acre are Comrades Chitepo, Takawira, Tongogara, (Lungita), Moyo, (Rezi),
Chinamano, (Ajiredze), Manyika, and (Futhangwini).

In his speech to mark the occasion, the prime minister, Comrade Robert
Mugabe, stressed the need for unity and a high-level security consciousness
to consolidate the country's hard-won independence. Comrade Mugabe urged
Zimbabweans to make [work indistinct] sacrifices to counter economic
threats and destabilization activities by racist South Africa aimed at
undermining the independence and sovereignty of neighboring countries.

He said South Africa's economic threats should serve as a reminder that
the Botha administration is determined to perpetuate [words indistinct]
policies.

The president, Comrade Canaan Banana, also addressed the crowd at the
National Hero's Acre and paid tribute to Zimbabwe's fallen sons and
daughters and those maimed and disabled in the war of liberation.

Comrade Banana emphasized the importance of unquestioned unity to repulse
the forces of destabilization and imperialism who are causing death

and destruction in southern Africa. He noted that South Africa's
unprovoked acts of aggression are desperate efforts to save apartheid,
whose edifice is crumbling. The president also described the Pretoria
regime's policy of racial segregation as a weapon of South Africa's own
destruction.

/12624
cso: 3400/374

47


SOUTH AFRICA

RADIO FREEDOM MARKS 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF WOMEN'S DAY

EA041156 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT
3 Aug 86

[Station Commentary: "Long Live the Women of South Africa"]

[Excerpts] Compatriots: The 30th anniversary of our Women's Day which we
shall be marking next Saturday [words indistinct] coming at this time

when the whole country is under the draconian state of emergency [words
indistinct] when the whole oppressed people of our country, both men and

women alike, will rededicate themselves in the struggle. We must ensure

that 9th August (?is) a day of [words indistinct], a day of action,

militant action. All our campaigns and activities on this day must be in

line with the clarion call of the day: from ungovernability to people's power.

Fellow countrymen, we all know the militant role that the mothers of our
nation. have played in the struggle over the past decade. They have always
been in the forefront of all the campaigns that the democratic movement put
before our people. On this day we shall be honoring all of them, known
and unknown.

We shall be marking this important day under the conditions of martial law.
Many others will therefore mark this day not knowing where their sons,

daughters or husbands are because they have been detained by the apartheid
police and the media is not allowed to inform the world of their detention.

Today, in many parts of our country, many families have been broken down
because some members have been forced either to flee the country or to go
underground because of the apartheid (?regime). Many women spend sleepless
nights for fear of apartheid sponsored vigilante death squads who are making
life unbearable for all patriots of our country. In some places women

have resorted to night vigils, guarding their residential areas because

of the vigilante threat.

On this 30th anniversary of the women's day, therefore, we must redouble
our efforts to confront Botha's repressive methods of government. The women
of our country have over the past few years been organizing themselves in
regional and local organizations. We have to ask ourselves if the time has

76



GHANA

BRIEFS

RISE IN COCOA PRODUCTION--Ghana has improved her annual cocoa production
by 52,000 tons since the PNDC launched the national cocoa rehabilitation
program 3 years ago. The figure represents an increase of 34 percent.

In 1985-86, the Cocoa Board purchased 205,000 tons as against 165,000 tons
in 1984-85. Purchases for 1983-84 were 153,000 tons. [Excerpt] [Accra
Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 31 Jul 86 AB] /12624

cso: 3400/368



offering special rates for container traffic. According to unconfirmed
reports security along the corridor has been stepped up in anticipation
of Mozambican rebels trying to sabotage the initiative. [Excerpt] [Umtata
Capital Radio in English 0900 GMT 8 Aug 86 MB] /12624

MINISTER EXPRESSES CONFIDENCE IN PLAN--The minister of finance, economic
planning, and development, Comrade Bernard Chidzero, says the government
is poised to make the 5-year National Development Plan a reality. Speaking
on the ZTV [Zimbabwe Television] program The Nation, Comrade Chidzero

said the government is investing in manpower development in a bid to have
skilled people to run projects envisaged in the 5-year National Development
Plan. The minister noted that the establishment of the Ministry of
Cooperative Development will accelerate the setting up of cooperatives

in the country, thereby necessitating [as heard] a smooth transition

to socialism. He stated that the country will cope with the situation of
sanctions when they are imposed against the South African regime. The
minister expressed confidence in the government's ability to contain

the present 15 percent rate of inflation. Comrade Chidzero also said

the government does not want to be at the mercy of the IMF. In this
regard the government would borrow from non-banking sources to finance the
budget. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 11 Aug 86 MB]
/12624

cso: .3400/374

51


BBC Views Internal ZANU-ZAPU Tensions
(BBC World Service, 9 Aug 86) cscccccccccsccccccecesrcssceseees

Briefs
Information Minister Welcomes Computer Service
False Data to Amnesty International
Funds Collected for Mozambican Port
Minister Expresses Confidence in Plan

SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

AHI 'Deplores' Commonwealth Sanctions
(SAPA, 6 Aug 86) .ecccsceeeccccnscrcceceenresceeseeesseetenenes

Nel Says Australia To Benefit From Sanctions
(Johannesburg Television Service, 8 Aug 86) wseccsececceececees

Minister Speaks on Education System
CSAPA, 5 Aug 86) .

WEEKLY MAIL Carries ‘Apartheid Barometer'
(THE WEEKLY MAIL, 25-31 Jul 86) .

Eastern Province Police Withdraw Emergency Orders
(SAPA, 31 Jul 86) .......eeeeee eee eee eee eee eee

Briefs
Funeral Ban Lifted

BLACKS

Heunis Proposes New Township North of Johannesburg
(SAPA, 7 Aug 86) ..cceccccccccceccuccevcnsccecececececesecerers

Tambo Criticizes Nonimposition of RSA Sanctions
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa, 7 Aug 86)

Buthelezi Urges 'Proper Structures' for Black Leaders
(SAPA, 11 Aug 86) .....eeeee

People's Army Leader Discusses Internal Struggle
(Joe Modise Interview; Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to
South Africa, 30 Jul 86) ..csssececceceececcsececceneescrcacees

UDF Among Worst Hit by Section 29 Detentions
(SAPA, 6 Aug 86) .

Kwandebele School Attendance Said 80-100 Percent
(SAPA, 6 Aug 86) .

-d-

52

54

56

58

61

62

63

68

74

75


SOUTH AFRICA

PEOPLE'S ARMY LEADER DISCUSSES INTERNAL STRUGGLE
EA311815 Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1930 GMT 30 Jul 86

["Exclusive interview" with Joe Modise, "senior commander" of the People's
Army, by unidentified reporter; date and place not specified--live or
recorded]

[Text] [Reporter] Compatriots: At the beginning of this year, 1986, our
vanguard movement, the ANC, declared this year, which marks the 25th
anniversary of the People's Army Umkhonto we Sizwe [Swahili for Spear of the
Nation] as the year of the people's war, the year of the People's Army,
Umkhonto we Sizwe. To this end the ANC vowed to intensify the armed struggle
to seize power from the oppressive apartheid regime.

In this interview with the senior commander of the People's Army, Umkhonto we
Sizwe, Comrade Joe Modise, we discuss the progress of the armed struggle
inside the country and other related issues.

Recently the apartheid minister of so-called law and order, Louis Le Grange,
praised his police and troops for carrying out what he called a good job after
they claimed to have rounded up a large number of [word indistinct] activists
inside the country who were to have carried out armed operations. We asked
the commander of Umkhonto, Comrade Joe Modise,whether these claims by the
regime's ministers, such as those of Le Grange, mean that the armed struggle
is really being contained inside the country.

[Modise] Far from it. It is wishful thinking on the part of the SADF. It is
not the first time that these statements are made by members of that regime.
Such statements have been made on many occasions. They have always been
proved wrong. In fact, the armed struggle inside [word indistinct] and it is
impossible for the enemy to stop that struggle because it is a people's
struggle. It is not a struggle that is being carried out by a few people who
are dissatisfied with the system inside the country, but it is a national
struggle.

The entire nation is tired of being ruled without its consent. Our people

have now decided to liberate themselves once and for all so there is no way in
which the regime can contain that struggle.

68



NIGERIA

THE TRIUMPH CRITICIZES RELIGIOUS ‘PROVOCATIVE STATEMENTS'

Kano THE TRIUNPH in English 23 Jul 86 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text ]

RENEWED agitations by church leaders In
the country for a clear statement on Nigeria's
membership of the Organisation of Islamic
Conference (OIC) and for an unqualified
withdrawal from the organisation give us
cause today to ask one crucial question: How
deeply should religion be involved in Nigerian
politics, or indeed the welfare of Nigerians?
Again, it is necessary to ask: Has the separa-
tion of religion and state not become an In-

evitable principle on which Nigerians must
sooner or later agree?

Indications that Christian religionists are
‘now spoling for a fight with government (and
not beyond, we hope) over the OIC issue
vividly reveals the dilemma.

Clearly, we are disturbed by recent pro-
vocative statements made by the Archbishop
of the Lagos Catholic Archdiocese, Dr. An-
thony Okogie, in an interview with the
Vanguard when all else is seemingly quiet,
and the likely ominous heat it has generated.

’_ Hear him: “But | can assure you that the
Christians will fight the matter to a finish. At
the worst the government may. decide to

lock up all Christians. That is the only way to!

stop us from fighting against the OIC issue
and we are prepared to be locked up.”

And In a mood obviously aimed at forcing
the Okogie pace, the Magajin Rafin Kon-
tagora, Alhajl Hassan Sani, in an interview

19274
CSO: 3400/152

with the New Nigerian chips in a reply:
“Mustifns in the country will not compromise
their. religion and we are therefore battle
ready to fight to finish if Nigeria withdraws
from the membership of the OIC.”

Both Dr. Anthony Okogie and Alhaji

Hassan Sani are leaders in their own right,
and are expressing what they believe is the

feelings of those they must have us believe
they represent. But together they are exacer-
bating the confusion and controversy hang-
‘ing over an already explosive issue. That is

the crux of the matter.
* Such unguarded utterances seriously

negate the virtues of good leadership which
is the bane of our society. If anything, they
expose«the odious excesses of so-called
leaders in matters of religion which, by and
large, is gradually becoming a divisive instru-
ment used at the whims and caprices of.
those who should know. .

* For too long Nigerians, in particular the Im-
ipoverished, have been manipulated by a
‘series of myths of which unfortunately,
religion has came to be one. Unfortunately,
those who espouse the cause of veligiaus.
freedom and want to “fight to a finish” for it
and all that, are themselves surrounded and
Influenced by a climate which generates
however wrongly the. reactionary concept
and often do not perceive the dehumanizing
Powgr of their excessive bigotry: .

23



SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI URGES ‘PROPER STRUCTURES' FOR BLACK LEADERS
MB111639 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1630 GMT 11 Aug 86
[SAPA PR Wire Service; Issued by The Chief Minister's Office Ulundi]

[Text] 0 Durban, Monday -- Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi tonight called for
proper structures to enable black leaders to help take all races in
South Africa into a democratic and peaceful future.

On the eve of President P.W. Botha's address to the federal congress
of the National Party, the Kwazulu chief minister and Inkatha president
said that there was even now enough black goodwill to find compromise
solutions and make them work.

Chief Buthelezi pointed out that, in addition to massive black support,
he had "very significant" white, Indian and colored constituencies.

If it were made possible for him to participate in the proposed national
council, he would be reporting back to all his constituencies, he said.

And, until Mr Botha could do the same, he would have to endure terrible
constituency disadvantages.

The state president could not hope to continue as a national leader
without campaigning personally among the four-fifths of the population
which was black.

He warned that the national council could not succeed if it were simply
a forum in which blacks, whites, coloreds and Indians met and then
trotted off to their own racial constituencies for supportive mandates.

He wanted to make it possible for Mr Botha to go with him to places like
Umlazi or Soweto and argue directly to blacks, as an important part of
his constituency, on the merits of what he was doing.

Whatever constitutional future was found which satisfied all groups,
it would be unthinkable to have a state president who dared not
accept the responsibility of campaigning personally among 80 percent
of the population.

66



Emergency Deaths

According to figures released by the government's bureau for information, by 6
asm. on Wednesday morning this week there had been 174 deaths since the start
of the Emergency. These figures do not include unrest deaths in the
“independent homelands."

Brain Drain

South Africa recorded a net migration loss of 2,157 for the first four months
of the year, compared with a migration gain of 5,011 during the same period
last year.

A total of 4,760 people emigrated between January and April - an average of
nearly 1,200 a month. Last year 2,948 people emigrated between January and
April. A total of 2,603 people immigrated between January and April this
year, compared with 7,959 during the same period last year.

The Central Statistics Service figures show that 758 of the emigrants were
professional people including 162 engineers (122 last year), 27 doctors and
dentists (19), 79 accountants (21), 95 educationists (42) and 161
administrative and managerial employees (119). The immigrants included 409
professionals (1,046), making a net loss of 349 professional people.

Wealth Distribution

The white share of total disposable income in South Africa was 55.5 percent in
1985, according to a Bureau of Market Research survey. The other 44.5 percent
was shared by clacks, coloured and Indians.

According to the bureau, the black, coloured and Indian share of total
disposable income rose by 12.2 percent, while between 1980 and 1985 the white
share fell by 17.9 percent.

Group Areas Act Removals

The Minister of Constitutional Development and Planning, Chris Heunis, said in
parliament last year that by August 1984 a total of 126,176 families had been
moved from their homes under the Group Areas Act of 1950. He did not say how
many people this involved. Of these families, 2,418 (two percent) were white,
83,691 (66 percent) were coloured, and 40,067 (32 percent) were Indian. The
forced removal of Africans occurs under other laws.

By the end of 1984 a total of 899 group areas had been proclaimed. Of these
451 group areas were for whites (83.6 percent by area), 326 for coloured (10.6
percent) and 122 for Indians (5.6 percent). Whites comprise about 13.9
percent of South Africa's population, coloured 8.1 percent, Indians 2.5
percent, and Africans about 75.5 percent (including those living in the
“independent homelands").

Banned Books, Publications, Objects

59



19274
cso:

3400/152

there be an understanding of the treachery
he has engaged in. 2

Ever since the advent of Mobotu; ‘aire has
become an extreme example of the workings
of neo-colonialism. He jettisoned. stringent
nationalism on whose platform he became
acclaimed as a leader, all in his effort to
please Europe and America.

* The implications for his country’s economy
are much more devastating. The. Belgians.
who had once been the hated. imperialists are.
back feeding fat on the Zairean economy,

External debt is over 5 billion U.S, dollars
and inflation about 200 per cent. The'saddest
commentary on Zaire is of plunder: .. it. is
reckoned that about half the proceeds of the
annual exports of diamonds, copper, coffee
and cobalt go to Mobutu’s family and

friends.

Thus on a U.S. prompting, Mobutu joined
King Hassan to embark on the task,of split-:
ting OAU's' continental unity and..Mobutu!
specifically proceeded with.a controversial”
plan to form ‘a league of black African states,
to be established in Kinshasa but which was
aborted because Nigeria, black Africa’s most

powerful country said ‘no’ to it.
Perhaps Mobutu may have resorted to the

volte-face because of these set-backs. But be
that-as it may, we are impressed that ‘in spite
of his being the 2nd or 3rd richest leader in
the world, he could still have the will to
swallow his pride and return to the fold of the
OAU. This is how it should be. ‘

African countries of various geo-political
colorations must come to realise that only
when they unite can they vanquish their
common enemy: racialism. Already, South
Africa is taking advantage of the OAU’s
paralysis to further consolidate its grip on the.
country and its neighbours, particularly
Namibia. :

Where Africa. is able to stand as, ‘one. the
issues. of food and economy will be tackle
with greater resolve. OAU. will do
‘without ‘becoming splintered. Zi
welcome back; Morocco should return.

16


NATIONAL TRANSPORT POLICY COMNITTEE INAUGURATED

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 31 Jul 86 p 13

[Lext ]

19274
CSO:

3400/152

IHE Minister of Trans-

port and Aviation,
Brigadier Jeremiah Useni,
yesterday in Lagos
inaugurated an 11-man,
committee of experts to
draft an integrated national
transport policy usable in’
the country up to the year’
2,000.

Speaking during the inau-
guration, the minister said
such a policy should be able
to make the entire trans-
port system play its expec-
ted role in the socio-econo-
mic, cultural and political
life of the country.

Useni urged the experts
to identify areas of impro-

vement in the data base of

the transport system and
recommend the types of
research and development
needed in the sector.

He also called on them to
suggest necessary improve-
ments needed in training
facilities, planning and
management.

The minister urged the
committee to seek public
views on the subject by
organising at least two
public seminars in Lagos

and Kano.

Replying on behalf of the
copmmittee, the chairman,
Professor Eniola Adeniyi,”
said the only comprehen-
sive report on transport co-
ordination ‘in the country
was a study conducted in
1961 by Stanford research
institute.

He said the only

‘transport s tudy designed

to harmonise transport:
policy at the urban level
was the “Lagos metro-'
begin preparing for the
mini-summit of seven
commonwealth
countries in London on
Monday to- discuss the
politan area transport
study” of 1976, adding,
however, that there had
been no urban/rural
transport policies.

‘Adeniyi further said that
for a national transport
policy to be successful,
there was the need for a’
clear-cut provision of an in-
stitutional framework to
carry it out.

The committee has six
months to complete its job.

33

NIGERIA



The statement also said those who approve of sanctions would have to
reckon with South Africa's determination and means to survive and said
ARMSCOR [Armaments Development and Production Corporation] and SASOL [South
African Coal, Oil and Gas Corporation] showed proof of this. The enforced
replacement of imports may be all that is needed for the country to
discover its own potential.

Apart from a greater emphasis on import replaenent, serious attention would
have to be given to "inward industrialization," closely tied to the policy
of orderly urbanization and the increase in living standards of the poorer
sections of the community, Mr Kuhn said.

The statement stressed the roles of marketing, export, the foreign
exchange policy, stockpiling and the fact that economic processes should
be continued where possible.

More emphasis on the following guidelines will add to the maximum
economic growth:

-- Privatisation
-- Deregulation
-- Inward industrialization.

“political reform (according to the South African model) must be
continued dynamically and sincerely, the statement ended.

/12624
cso: 3400/377

53



NIGERIA

WHITE PAPER CONTAINS POLITICIANS' ACTIVITY BANS, SENTENCES
50 Persons Banned for Life
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jul 86 pp 1, 10

{Text ]

ELEVEN governor: .
the second republic are:
‘among over 50. persons
barred from. holding
public office. or par-
ticipating in’ partisan |
politics for life. :

They are Professor Am-
brose Ali, (Bendel State),
Athaji Adamu Atta, (Kwara
State), Alhaji Sabo Bakin-'
Zuwo, (Kano State), Alhaji

and Dr.
(Sokoto State).

Others are Mr. Aper Aku,
(Benue State), Mr. Solomon ‘
Lar, (Plateau State), Alhaj |
Mohammed Awwal Ibrahim,
(Niger, State}, Chief Jirni
Nwobodo (Anambra State), '
Chief Bisi Onabanjo, (Ogun
State), and Mr. Wilberforce
Juta, (Gongola State).

The ban order was contain-
ed in a white paper embodying
Federal Government's views
and decisions on the Mr
Justice Mohammed* Bello
judicial tribunal which review-
ed the cases of persons con-
victed under Decree No. 3 of

1984, published
yesterday.

Other prominent persons af-
fected by the ban are the former
Federal Finance Minister, Mr.
Victor Masi, a Special Adviser to
ex-president Shagari, Professor
G.A. Odenigwe,

in, Lagos

Bachaka,
Governor, Sokoto State an

a former Deputy
Dr.

Tajudeen Idris, a commissioner ~
: in ex-governor Lateef Jakande's

government.

Others are Dr. Solomon
Ayodele, Alhaji Sani Gule, Alhaji
Wada Abubakar, Alha}* Sadauki
Kibiva. Mr. J.A. Anemba; Mr.”
Farouk Dau, Dr. A.O. Okafor,
Mr, Amos Adenuga and Mrs Laat’
Anrie Netimah.

Others are, Dr. O. Fanibe, Mr.
Sam A. Ifeka, Chief Bisi Akande,
former deputy governor, Myo State!

19

the ‘former -~
Director of the National Youth ;
Service Corps. (NYSC), Colonel .
Peter Obasa, Alhaji Mohammed *

Mr. Richard Nwankwo, Mr. Yisa
Oladoyinbo, Mr. Oladosu Adenle,
Dr. Adetunji Adelekan, Samuel
Soyemi, Chief. Samuel Akinwale,
Mr.. Josepti “Adebonyan, Mr._
Augustine Musa Omolaiye, Mr.
Sam Olaniyan ‘Iredia, Mr. Im-
oran Ade Egun Salami, Mr. Abdul

' Jimmy Yusuf,, Mr. Oluwole

Okanla, Mr. Simon Nwokomah.
Politicians barred for only ten

-years are.former Governor of.

Kaduna State, Alhaji Abba Musa
Rimi, Alhaji Ahmed _Sol!-oto,
Chief Bola Ige, former. Governcr
‘of Oyo State, M1. Adeoye
Omosehin, Adjuga Agwotu, Isa
Abubakar, Chief Melford Ok’*»,
former Governor of River Sturte

* and all former legislators from

Kwara State.

Others are Francis Gbede
Endeley, Mose Bola Akinpelu,
Ibrahim Adua, Alhaji Adamu
Tafawa Kalewa, Alhaji Abdullahi

Adamu, Alhaji Grema
BenesheiR, Mr. Leonard 0.
Umeh.



SOUTH AFRICA

WITS PROFESSOR SPEAKS ON INEV[TABILITY OF RAPID URBANIZATION

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 86 p 19

[Article by Lesley Cowling]

[Text]

Urbanisation was one of the
most commonplace and inevi-
table social phenomena in
human history — and South
Afriea should accept and ac-

commodate this reality, Profes-*

sor Lawrence Schlemmer said
at the University of the Wit-
watersrand last night.

Professor Schlemmer, of the
University of Natal, was speak-
ing at the first of the Wits Sen-
ate Special Lectures, which this
year focus on South Africa’s
rapid urbanisation.

He defined urbanisation as
the movement of people from
rural to urban areas and as a
change in patterns of social or-
ganisation and attitudes.

He outlined trends in Third

World urbanisation which con-
tributed to many countries’ fail-
ure to accommodate the urban-
ising: poor. These included:
@ Ovet-urbanisation, where the
rate exceeded that of industri-
alisation, creating a massive
reserve army of unskilled la-
bour fouth Africa was under-
urbanjsed by some 12 percent
compared with other societies
at the same level of develop-
ment but urban unemployment
was creeping up to 40 percent.

19274
CSO: 3400/363

DISCOURAGED

@ Resistence to urbanisation by
political authorities. In-migra-
tign bad been discouraged by
mast countries, but few had
gane to. the lengths South Afri-
ca did with its influx control
Jaws China and perhaps the So-
viet Union would come close.

@ The colonial city, which was
seen by its residents as having
ta.defend its character of or-
derlixess and sophistication
against the surrounding sea of
indjgenous society.

Professor Schlemmer sug-

gested as approaches to help
correct these trends:
@ Mefting surplus labour with
redically new investment
projects in marginal urban
cafamunities — furniture fac-
tories, motor repair workshops.
small metal industries, fac-
tories producing building ma-
terials and school uniforms.
This should be accompanied by
a swing back to labour-inten-
sive technology in the private
and public sectors, new indus-
trial developments close to res-
idences of the urbanising poor
and intensive training schemes.
‘Trade unions should be includ-
ed in decision-making.

86

ACCOMMODATION

@ Social accommodation of the
urbanising poor. The urbanis-
ing poor would like to live in
a eompound” system, with in-
terrelated units enclosing a
communal space and a system
of mutual support, a family net-
work! Although space would be
a problem, the upgrading of
shatk settlements should move
towards achieving some of the
benefits of the “compound” sys-
tem, he said.
@ Political development. Effec-
tive. local government for a
growing, politically marginal
gtoup had to be constructed
from the bottom up, using
sraall neighbourhood associa-
tlons as the building blocks.
Pyofessor Schlemmer con-
cluded that the authorities
woutd have to accept the full
reality of a Third World city.
“The issue of land for hous-
ing is obviously crucial and un-
less new attitudes to urbanisa:
tion prevail, land will always
a in short supply,” he said.
“Where adequate space is not
provided for, the urbanising
component of a city will in-
crease the density and social
steess in the formal suburbs,
sometimes creating political
problems and even unrest.”


KAUNDA SAYS WEST 'POISONING'’ RACE RELATIONS

MB111302 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 11 Aug 86

[Text] Zambia's president, Kenneth Kaunda, has accused the western
government of poisoning the race relations in southern Africa because

of their support for the white minority regime in South Africa.

Dr Kaunda said he was angry at the western governments because they

are succeeding in poisoning the nonracial atmosphere in the region.

He said whites today are to be suspected because of what the racists

are doing in South Africa. Dr Kaunda also blamed the Western Governments
for the trade restrictions imposed on Zambia and Zimbabwe by South Africa.
He said South Africa was severing its ties with Zambia and other
neighboring states.

Dr Kaunda said the four whites and one black have been arrested recently
after confessing being spies. Dr Kaunda denied that the foreign nationals
being held by Zambia security have been maltreated. The Zambia leader
said there is no way in which Zambia security forces can torture foreigners
being held. He said he had not received any formal protest note about
allegations that five Swiss nationals and one Austrian being detained

jn Zambia have been tortured. Dr Kaunda said it was a pity that whites
were being harassed in Zambia. He said this situation existed mainly
because of the continued support for aparthied by Western Governments.

/12624
cso: 3400/373

40



FAILURE SEEN FOR PORT ELIZABETH DECENTRALIZATION PLAN

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Jul 86 p 25

{Text ]

19274
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3400/363

Port Elizabeth is being
sech as a city of revolu-

tion: with 80 percent of

the young people there
unemployed — all the re-
sult of the “dismal failure
of a‘government plan of
décéhtralisation”.

Writing in the latest
issue of the SA Builder,
journal of the Building
Industries Federation,
Mr Jan Steyn, executive
chairman of the Urban
Foundation, says the gov-
ernthent’s policy of influx
control had failed and the
abolition of this act was
prompted by the growing
‘urban population in spite
of the law.

DIFFICULTY

‘Durban is an example
of how this policy has
failed. More than 1,5 mil-
lion people live in infor-
mal settlements and this
is about 40 percent of the
entire, population of the

area.
‘The real difficulty
now. is to accommodate

the’ existing people who

have migrated to the.

cities. In Katlehong, for
instance, 50 percent of
the people are living in
backyard shacks.”

Mr Steyn believes that
instead of providing in-
centives to decentralise
to outlying areas not suf-
ficiently equipped to deal
with industrial growth,
the government should
have offered the same in-
centives to businesses to
decentralise to existing
and established regions.

A “hefty and active in-
Stitutional investment” in
housing was needed. Mr
Steyn appealed to large
investment companies to
channel their flood of
funds into this area.

These investors should
not expect. high returns
on this investment, but

should recognise, instead,’

that housing is in the na-
tional interest and adapt
their investment criteria
accordingly, says Mr
Steyn.

81

SOUTH AFRICA



SOUTH AFRICA

WEEKLY MAIL CARRIES 'APARTHEID BAROMETER'

MB260910 Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 25-31 Jul 86 p 4

{Apartheid Barometer"]

[Text] State of Emergency Detentions

The government has refused to release the number of those detained under the
emergency regulations. According to Detainees Parents Support Committee the
names of just over 3,000 emergency detainees are known to them. They estimate
about 8,000 people have been detained so far under the emergency. About 1,000

of these are believed to have been released so far.

According to the independent Labour Monitoring Group, a total of 2,646 trade
unionists had been detained by 15 July. This figure includes 269 office
bearers and officials.

Detentions by Organization

[PW - Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging]

[TVL - Transvaal]

[OFS - Orange Free State]

PWV TVL E-Cape N-Cape W-Cape Natal Ofs Unknown Total
Country
Students/
Scholars/
Teachers 130 36 31 21 22. 81 38 7 366
Unionists/
Workers 77 36 17 14 13° 42 34 22 255
Community/
Political 183 78 195 34 33°78 33 9 643
Clergy/
Churchworkers 26 21 20 7 8 17 1 3 103
Media 2 0 6 0 5 0 0 0 13
Other/Unknown 328 154 445 90 384 62 122 54 1639
Total 746 =325 714 166 465 280 228 95 3019
58



NGK ASKED TO CONFESS GUILT FOR APARTHEID

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 31 Jul 86 p 11

(Article by Estelle Trengové]

[Text]

A faction is emerging in the Nederduitse Gerefor-
meerde Kerk (NGK) which believes that the church
must confess its guilt for having supported apart-
heid.

The call to a confession of guilt is gaining mo-
memtum despite strong organised opposition’ from
conservatives and is likely to be a contentious topic
at the NGK four-yearly synod starting on October 14.

Reforum, a discussion group of liberal NGK theo-
logians, clergymen and laity, has now added its
voice to the growing call for a confession.

Reforum has accused the NGK family of contri-
buting to the problems in South Africa in certain
respects. .

“We call on the NGK specifically to confess its
guilt for supporting the development of forced segre-
gation,” the chairman of Reforum, Dr Willem Nicol
said. '

‘Dr Nicol, the founder of Reforum, is an NGK
minister in Pretoria.

‘The church could play a significant role in chang-
ing people's attitudes, he said. Reforum appealed to -

_ all church leaders to make the church a‘ symbol of
contact, understanding and mutual acceptancé
among all people in South Africa, _ _

Reforum also called on the leaders of the country
to get together to work out a new dispensation.

“Our vision for South Africa is a country where
people will be treated as equals and where special
opportunities will be offered to those who were de-
prived in the past,” Dr Nicol said.

Apparently alluding to the approaching synod, lib-
eral NGK academic Professor A Koning has said
that the church would have to decide this year
whether to make a confession of guilt.

“The NGK is putting its whole position within
Christianity on the line over apartheid,” Professor ‘
Koning said in an article which appeared in the offi-
cial NGK newspaper, Die Kerkbode.

19274

cso: 3400/365 :

82

” PRESSURE ON GOVERNMENTS

He said it was clear the NGK had supported apart-
heid in many ways. “Church apartheid was, in fact,
instituted by the NGK.

“Especially since the 1930s, the church put
pressure on the successive governments to introduce
apartheid into the community. There is no doubt that
the NGK supported apartheid officially, morally and

theologically,” he said: :

Not even the “fruits” of the NGK’s missionary
work, naniely the black NG Kerk in Afrika, the col-
oured NG Sendingkerk and the Indian Reformed
Church of Africa, supported apartheid.

He said the NGK should examine its motives for
supporting apartheid. Some of the motives were hon-
est, for example that everybody should hear the Gos-
pel in his own language. But there were motives that
were unbiblical, such as superiority and white domi-
nation. ,

“Jf our motives had been purely to maintain each
group’s own language and culture, then we would
have opened our ears to how non-whites were affect-
ed by political apartheid.

“We would have reacted immediately to their

: pleas that the situation was untenable for them.”
! Professor Konig said.

‘The issue of a confession of guilt has been taken up
beyond the NGK. It was a topic of discussion at the
South African Council of Churches (SACC) national
conference held in Bosmont last month.

‘After debate, the SACC national conference reject-
ed a resolution calling for “a confession of guilt.

One of the objections was that a true confession of
guilt arose: ‘out of a “personal encounter”, not out of a
committee decision.


KADUNA GOVERNOR VOWS TO DEAL WITH KATSINA~ZAIRA DISSENSION

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 29 Jul 86 p 1

[Article by Conrad Bosah]

[Text]

HE governor of
Kaduna State, Lt-
Col Abubakar Umar,
has vowed to deal
ruthlessly with the
dichotomy syndrome

among the Katsina and.

Zaria elements
state.
Answering a question
in‘an interview with the
« ‘Daily Star’ the governor
said that he knew why
the division -existed
between the people of

in his

19274

cso: 3400/152

Katsina and Zaria, and
would _ handle it
decisively because he
believed in every society.

Accordingly to Col

. Umar, misgivings were

caused by certain elite
elements who want to
have political control at
all cost, ‘and in doing
this, they use all sorts of
concepts such as religion
and political interests in
trying to control the
people.

“They fan the embers
of discord and tell the
masses that so and so

people are, employed. in
government, while your
people are not there.
“They convince their
people that there is need
to view things in the light
of the dichotomy so thak,
they would get some
prestige to achieve their
selfish political ends, and
that is exactly what is

happening between
Katsina and Zaria’, the
governor said.

Col: Umar said that
although he would not
stop this " group of
elements from showing
the tendency to control

their people through
political or religious
interests, his action

would be to mobilise the
masses to ‘ignore the

27

|

NIGERIA

division and join hands
to build a virile state.

He described the
elements concerned as a
minority group who
could never test their
popularity in a referen+
dum because they had no
followership.

“1 don't stop them from
having meetings; 1 want them
to continue, but there is a limit
to what you should allow them
to do, especially when their
actions endanger the peace and
security of the state. It is then’
that we shall clamp down on
them.”

According to Governor
Umar, those championing the
cause of their various interests
should do so by mobilising
their people to attract positive
physical developments such as
good drinking water,
electricity, airports, medicare
and other social amenities.



BOTSWANA

BRIEFS

BDF COMMANDER ON SECURITY--The commander of the Botswana Defense Force [BDF],
Major General Mompati Merafe, has spoken about he deteriorating security
situation in some areas which he said had resulted in the introduction of
security checks by the BDF. Maj Gen Merafe was addressing officer cadets

at a commissioning parade at the [word indistinct] army barracks at
Mogaditsane today. : He. said although it was not easy to ensure that normal
human activities are not tampered with, the security of Botswana takes
precedence. Maj Gen Merafe said it was regrettable that some people were not
appreciative of the security measures being taken by the BDF and were
discrediting it. He assured all Botswana residents and visitors that the
BDF does not suffer from racial prejudice’ as it had been falsely charged.

He thanked the public for their cooperation with members of the force during
the security checks. Turning to the officer cadets, Maj Gen Merafe cautioned
them that their conduct should be above reproach and that they should be
modest with their subordinates. They also cautioned the officers that
although decisions in the army are often made under stress, they should

not act emotionally. [Text] [Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1610 GMT
8 Aug 86 MB] /12624

40 'ALIENS' ARRESTED--About 40 Aliens, most of them South Africans, were
arrested after they had been found in possession of various weapons and
ammunition including communication equipment in roadblocks mounted by
members of the Botswana Defense Force since 19 May this year. A police
spokesman ‘said in Gaborone today that 29 of those arrested are South
Africans, 3 Portuguese, and 3 Zimbabweans. Others are an Australian,

a Greek, a Mosotho, and a Mauritian. The Spokesman said they were either
charged under the arms and ammunition act or the Botswana telecommunications
act. All the arrests were made in Gaborone, Lobatse, and Francistown,
and the sentences ranged from 50 to 200 pula. [Text] [Gaborone Domestic
Service in English 1110 GMT 8 Aug 86 MB] /12624

cso: 3400/372



ZAMBIA

BUSINESSMEN URGED TO FIND ALTERNATE SOURCES OF SUPPLY

MB112007 Lusaka Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 11 Aug 86

[Station Commentary]

[Text] Today's commentary is the opinion of the ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL:

The imposition of levy on Zambian and Zimbabwean bound goods from or passing
through South Africa, which is Pretoria's retaliatory measure for the

two countries' support for economic sanctions, should be seen as a challenge
to the people of Zambia to speed up diversification of dependence on the
racist country. It is a challenge to all businessmen to find other

sources of supply without having to wait until the regime decides to

stop the flow of goods completely, for it is clear that the South

African Government has only started a chain of measures against our
countries. The next move would be a total ban on goods from or passing
through South Africa.

It is not true that the South African regime cannot crash with economic
sanctions, even if supported by its major trading partners such as the

United States and Britain as implied by former Rhodesian Prime Minister

Mr Ian Smith, but the man who made the racist regime in Rhodesia defy
sanctions with the support of South Africa was right in saying that you always
get the best out of people when their backs are pushed against the wall.

The people of Zambia and Zimbabwe, whose economies have been dependent on
South Africa, are pushed to the wall by the country's military aggression

and now economic sanctions. It is the people of these countries who

can come out beneficiaries of the present situation if the whole
international community unites in isolating the South African regime,

but this can only be achieved if Zambia traders and manufacturers took

the initiative to find alternative sources of supply to the South Africa ones.
They should not wait to be told by the government that the racists would

go further than the levy just introduced in their desperate move to

cow Zambia to abandon the call for economic sanctions.

President Kaunda was right in telling American journalists yesterday that

alternative sources of supply can be found, but it should be the innovative
businessmen who should find these alternative sources. The president noted
that the mining industry was a major source of concern as it was dependent

42



BOTSWANA

FOUR SOUTH AFRICANS SENTENCED FOR ARMS POSSESSION
MB081929 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1610 GMT 8 Aug 86

[Text] A total of four South Africans were today given 7-year jail
sentences for unlawful possession of arms and ammunitions of war by
the Gaborone senior magistrate, Mr (Gabriel Rolanageru) .

The four, who . have been appearing in court since 8 July, are (trinity
Majija), (Bengo Tamnye Akhina), (Sputnik Mnini), and (Norton Prezelo
Mubutiaba) from the Transkei homeland of South Africa.

They were arrested in Gaborone on 19 May in possession of weapons of war
which included four AK-47 rifles, 558 rounds of ammunition, hand grenades,
detonators, limpet mine bases, and antitank mine fuses.

They had pleaded not guilty to the charge and had argued in court that
the weapons belonged to a certain (Jackson Mlambo) who, they said, had
disappeared on the day they were arrested.

In his judgement, Mr (Rolanageru) said that the prosecution had proved

its case beyond reasonable doubt. He said that denying knowledge of “
the weapons and casting liability to a fictitious (Mlambo) was a ploy by

the accused to extricate themselves from the case.

Mr (Rolanageru) said the fact that they had met the said (Mlambo) at a
certain hotel in Gaborone and willingly agreed to carry a parcel which
contained the weapons of which they claimed innocence. was proof that the
whole exercise had been arranged in advance.

Immediately after judgement was pronounced, the four rose and raised
clenched fists, chanting political slogans, notably Amandla, which means
power, and started singing the pan-African political song, Nkosi Sikelela
Africa [God Bless Africa].

They were defended by Mr (Jean Kahn) of Gaborone, while the prosecutor was
Mr (Barata) from the attorney general's chambers, assisted by detective
inspector (Minete Manewe).

/12624
cso: 3400/372



NIGERIA

BRIEFS

ANAMBRA ALUMINUM FACTORY--The Anambra State Commissioner for Commerce and In-
dustry, Engineer Charles Iwobi, has given reasons why work on the Aluminium
Products Factory, Awkuzu in Anambra Local Government Area had to be suspended,
According to the Commissioner, work on the factory was grounded in 1983 when
containers in which most of the equipment and machinery for the factory ar-
rived in the country, were "mysteriously" sold at the Port Harcourt Wharf,

and all efforts to trace the buyer since then have failed. Engineer Iwobi
who was speaking in an interview in his office explained further that in

1984, the electric generating plant and other equipment already installed at
the factory were made away with when the factory was burgled by unknown
persons, He said that because of these and other related problems, government
could no longer continue with work on the factory, more so in view of the gov-
ernment's present lean finances. In the interim, the Commissioner said that
government has directed his ministry to find an alternative use for the factory
building which has since been completed, The ministry, he went on, is still
working on this. On the N7 million factory at Ohebe Dim in Igbo-Etiti Local
Government Area, Engineer Iwobi explained that a managing agent, East India
Produce Company Limited, has been appointed to run the factory. He said that
some officials of the company were now in the state and testing the machines,
adding that when the rest of the officials and the machine representatives
arrive in the next ten days, government: would start taking over the factory,
preparatory to its take off, [Text] [Kano THE TRIUMPH in English 25 Jul 86
p 4) /9274

DOSUNMU INDICTED--Former Housing and Environment Minister, Dr Wahab Dosunmu,
was yesterday indicted for the part he played in the award of N23 million
housing project at the Aladja Steel Township in Bendel State, The chairman
of the commission probing award of contracts by the Federal Ministry, Mr.
Justice Anthony Okuribido, said it was wrong for the former minister to be
involved in the nomination of contractors for the project adding: "That is an
abuse of office." The commission had heard that Dr. Dosunmu recommended two
firms--Grandi Lavory (nigeria) Limited and Shinhan Engineering and Construc~
tion Company--to be included in the list of companies that applied to build
1,000 priority houses with facilities at the township for N23,842,943, [Ex-
cerpt] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in Englisu 31 Jul 86 p 24] 19274

HIGH-YIELD MAIZE SEEDS--The Lagos State Government is to produce hybrid maize
seeds for sales to farmers in the state, The variety is high-yielding and

36.



EDITORIAL PRAISES ZAIRE'S RETURN TO OAU

Kano SUNDAY TRIUMPH in English 27 Jul 86 p 6

[Editorial]

[Text]

NEWS that Zaire has restoréd its trigmber-
ship of the Organisation of Africa” Unity

after a 2-year abstension must have ‘gladden-,
ed the hearts of many an African patrigt, :
Zaire, acting the good surrogate to. Moroc:,
co, felt she could not go along with-the deci-
sion of the Pan-African body to- accord
recognition to the right of self-determination’
of the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic,
SADR. The two-some therefore elected to
quit the organisation as a protest.
This move, generally perceived a:
out on Africa, was by no means the ‘first,
Over time, the 27-year-old organisation has
always had the misfortune df being,racked
by potent forcés of destabilisation, including,
the Congo crisis of the 60's, .the abhorrent,
apartheid situation in Southern Africa, the

‘conflict in the horn of Africa plusithe-

numerous enigmatic rulers: of ‘Idi “Amin’s
category presiding over the affairs of several
hapless African nations.

But if the walk-out was a manifestation of
the various: problems facing. the continent,
there also exist worrisome issues a A
Zaire must be among the countries,

deed, it was ironic’ that Président’
Mobotu Sese-Seko who says,the 0.A:U: ?
been paralysed because of inter-Arab’
disputes could also be swallowed: by. the:
same monster he seemed to be raising an
alarm about. Only when the 55-year-old-dic-
tator, who currently is in -his 21st. year-as
president, is placed in proper perspective tan’

15

NIGERIA



TWO WRITERS GIVE CONFLICTING VIEWS OF INTERNAL SITUATION

MOZAMBIQUE

Frelimo's Failures Described

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Jul 86 p 22

[Article by John D'Oliveira]

[Text]

Ultimately, almost everything in
Mozambique today comes down to
the war between Frelimo and the
rebels of the Mozambique National
Resistance (MIR).

Take, ‘for example, the latest
report by the agency responsible for
ensuring that Mozambicans get
enough to eat which made it clear
that, after more than a decade of
independence, Mozambique still
faced “extremely serious” food
shortages.

And it placed most of the blame
for these shortages on the shoulders |
of the “bandits” of the ‘South
African-backed MNR”.

Essentially, Mozambique’s
current economic disaster is due to
a breakdown in the country’s
transport, communication and
administrative infrastructure. This
is largely due to the war but also
results from administrative
incompetence and ideological
foolishness.

At the weekend Mr Mario
Muchango, the country’s Prime
Minister-designate and the man who ,
will have to pull Mozambique out of '
its current economic mess, said the
Mozambican economy had declined ,
by a third between 1982 and 1985,

While he said this was mainly due !
to “South African aggression;
through the bandits”, he conceded
that there had been ‘serious
shortcomings in the management of

“3 “theré"havé been reports of hungry,

' < unpaid Frelimo troops going over to
the MNR or even selling their
weapons to the MNR.

It has-been impossible to confirm
these reports, but it is clear that a
significant number of Frelimo
soldiers are badly paid, badly
equipped, badly fed and badly
utilised. a

‘At the weekend, the Minister of
Defence, General Alberto Chipande,
told the Mozambican ‘Parliament
the nt was aware of the
fact that its armed forces were
short of uniforms, boots, combat

rations, fuel, lubricants, spare parts
‘.for their vehicles and
communications equipment.

‘The MNR takes advantage of the
resulting military ineffectiveness.

While Frelimo gets significant
military assistance from Russia and
its Eastern bloc satelites, it is not
nearly enough to defeat the MNR.
and to end the debilitating civil war.

The MNR, on the other hand, has
‘brought both Frelimo and the

Mozambique economy to its knees

—but it does not appear to have the

resources to displace Frelimo, from

the urban areas and to take over the

Government.

The situation cries out for a

. reconciliation between the two
sides, if only because’ their
persistent fighting is destroying
what is left of Mozambique’s

. infrastructure, condemning most of

the economy”.

The situation is aggravated by the
reluctance of investors to become
involved in an insecure situation
and by the severe shortage of hard j
‘currency for the spare parts and the: ‘
‘equipment to keep industry,
agriculture and the infrastructure,
going.

Thus it is, for instance, that the
poor state of the vital railway line

etween the Mozambican port of
Beira and the Zimbabwean border
town of Mutare produces more
derailments than do the “bandits”.
This is so in spite of the fact that the’
movement, which calls itself
Renamo, has its operational
headquarters just north .of the. -
railway line. ~

Maputo. is caught in a vicious |

circle. ‘
Because of the breakdown in the -
transport and communications
infrastructure, government
services, government aid and}
. government information cannot
reach beyond the cities, the towns
and some of the villages.» : /

' Discontent

"~The MNR breeds on the resulting ,
sidiscontent. - .+ : ot
Equally, food, equipment,:
; ammunition and information cannot ;
reach Frelimo soldiers in many of
“the beleaguered rural areas and‘



Radio Freedom Marks 30th Anniversary of Women's Day
(Addis Ababa Radio Freedom in English to South Africa, 3 Aug 86)

ANC Leader Speaks in Maputo at Women's Day Rally
(Maputo in English to Southern Africa, 9 Aug 86) ..cccccseeccvee

Briefs
Soweto Crime Rate Increases
UDF Criticizes Thatcher
SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Failure Seen for Port Elizabeth Decentralization Plan
(THE STAR, 30 Jul 86) ..ccccccccsccccccccccccucccccsvccccccceens

NGK Asked To Confess Guilt for Apartheid
(Estelle Trengove; THE STAR, 31 Jul 86) ..cccccsccccccccccvccees

LMG Says Cosatu's Demands Not Met by Employers
(Mike Siluma; THE STAR, 1 Aug 86). ssscssccccceescececceccceccers

Coloreds in White Areas Have 'No Legal Recourse’
(Shirley Woodgate, Pat Deveraux; THE STAR, 1 Aug 86) .....

Mixed Residence at Wits University Said Successful
(Claire Robertson; THE STAR, 7 Aug 86) .....

Wits Professor Speaks on Inevitability of Rapid Urbanization
(Lesley Cowling; THE STAR, 7 Aug 86) ..cecsesee

Wits Students Express Solidarity With Detainees
(Claire Robertson; THE STAR, 7 Aug 86) ..

Natal Nonracial School Needs More Whites
(THE STAR, 31 Jul 86) .ssccesceccccceccccccesencvescescsceecees

Briefs
EEC Yellow Ribbon Protest

ECONOMIC

Saudi Buyer Backs Off From Richards Bay Plant Sale
(Kerry Clarke; SUNDAY TIMES, 20 Jul 86) ..cccccccscccccsccecvces

Mitsubishi, Mazda, Ford To Maintain Links
(Chris Cairncross; BUSINESS DAY, 4 Aug 86) .cccccccevceccccccecs

SAA Selling Jetliners to Overseas Banks in Lease-Back Deals
(Zenaide Vendeiro, Michael Chester; THE STAR, 4 Aug 86) ..

Immigrants Blacklisting Foreign Products
(Keith Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 6 Aug 86)...

-e-

76

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93



the multinationals are reluctant anyway to hate the system which yields
them such profits. They prefer the apartheid system because the profit
margins in apartheid South Africa [words indistinct]. There is no reason
to hate Pretoria, in fact by saying they are helping the blacks [as heard].
Let me put it differently: Let no ome express people's (?power). Let no
one express [words indistinct].

We are involved in a life and death struggle. As a result of that life
and death struggle, we sacrifice. No question of suffering. We struggle.
We are sacrificing consciously and it is our lives that we are sacrificing,
that we are ready to sacrifice.

Sanctions will not kill us. It is the apartheid system that is killing;
sanctions will not kill us. Even sacrifice as a result of sanctions does
not involve death which we get from the apartheid system. If sanctions will
not kill us, sanctions will help us to kill the system that kills us. It
will help us to destroy the crimes of apartheid, which is a killer.

I think that position is perfectly straightforward. If people today are
facing bullets, no one should fear that if the apartheid system was attacked,
those people would be dead. This is a lie. And as far as this business

of our suffering is concerned, there is nothing that we can suffer from,

if we are suffering, more than we are doing from the apartheid system,
nothing.

Unemployment runs into millions as far as Africans are concerned, part of
that is precisely the apartheid system itself. So it is nothing new

to be out of work. What would be new if sanctions were employed is that
the white supporters of the regime would be thrown out of work because
firms would close down. They are the government they would be [as heard].

The government does not care if Africans lose their jobs by the millions,
but the regime would care if whites lost their jobs by the thousands or
even by the hundreds. If hundreds were thrown out of work as a result
of sanctions, they would want to do something about it and if (?they get
to this), abandon the apartheid system or reemploy biting sanctions.
[words indistinct] not if as much the case if we are stepping up our own
struggle [as heard]. That question is definite. [end recording]

/12624
cso: 3400/371

65



Some Sentences Reduced

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jul 86 pp 1, 10

(Text ]

THREE former governors and
other politicians in the second
republic are now to regain their
freedom, according to a Federal
Government white paper on the
Bello review tribunal released in
Lagos yesterday

They are the former governors.
of Rivers, Oyo and Kaduna
states, Chief Melford Okilo, Chief’
‘Bola Ige and Alhaji Abbs. Musa
Rimi who were convicted ypder
Decree 3 of 1984.

Others are former deputy
governnor of Oyo State, Chief
Bisi Akande and wife of former
governor of ‘Imo State, Mrs.
Victoria Mbakwe.

The former governors of
Rivers, Oyo and Kaduna, states
were discharged and acquitted,
while the three others had their
jail terms reduced to three years.

However Chief Onabanjo, Mr. :
Samuel Kolade, Mr. Joshua Tuki |
and Chief Akande would be:
released only after they have|
served a three-year jail term,

Chief Okilo was jailed 10 years
for operating a foreign account,
and corrupt enrichment by ac-
cepting a transfer of* 200,000,
Naira to the account of his com:{
pany while Alhaji Adamu was
Jailed three years for maintain-.
ing a foreign account.

Alhaji Abba was jailed five *
years for paying 500,000 Naira to
former legislators of the defunct
Kaduna State House of Assembly
out of security vote and Chief Ige

i

was convicted 10 years for cor-"

ruptly enriching the banned Uni- |

ty Party of Nigeria (UPN) with
781,750 Naira from contingency
vote of Oyo State. 7 :
However’ all the three former
governors had been banned from
holding public office and. par-”
ticipating in party politics for 10
“years, while the defunct'Kaduna’
+ State legislators are to refund:
42,000 Naira. .
- Chief Onabanjo and Chief
Akande ‘who were banned from
holding public office or ‘ par-
ticipating in party politics for life
and their political parties would?
forfeit 3.3 million Naira to th
government. * ‘ *
. Mrs.’ Mbakwe on “her - part
would’ forfeit more than":3.5
million Naira: party politics fot

‘our bther persons ‘ wer:
ischarged and acquitted but
“banned from holding public office
or participate in party polities for
ten years. 4
They are Alhaji Ahmed Sokoto,
who is to refund 110,000 Naira; ,
Agute a Aan aed Mr, Ajuga
gutu. ani '; Fasasi Oyewo to.
refund 5,000 Naira. oy ot
Fifty-orle bther persons who’
were. rf led yhder Decree 3 of 1984
have had their sentences reduc-

They include Mr. Victor Masi
-whose sentence is reduced to
‘seven years from 2i; Colonel
“Peter. Obasa from 22 to five

Other Sentences Continued

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jul 86 p 1

SEVEN former governors aré

Dawakin Tofa.

[Text]

19274
CSO:

to remain in prison following the
confirmation of their jail terms
for cot enrichment by the
Federal Government.

Government white paper on the
Mr. Justice Mohammed Bello
tribunal released in Lagos yester-
day said the governors had also
been barred from holding public
office and participating in par-
tisan politics. 7

“The governors are Professor
Ambrose Alli, Alhaji Adamu At-
ta, Alhaji Sabo Bakin Zuwo, Alha-

ji Rimi, Dr. Garba Nadama, Mr."

Solomon D. Lar, and Alhaji Abdu

3400/152

Former Governor Alli of
Bendel Staté would serve seven
years in jail and refund 983,000
Naira, while former Governor At-
ta of Kwara State would remain
in prison for five years and pay
two n.‘lion Naira to the Federal
Government. The Kwara State
House of Assembly: legislators
would refund 40,000 Naira each.

Former Governor of Kano
State, Alhaji Sabo would serve
seven
Naira with two others and

another 100,000 Naira alone,’

while ‘Alhaji Abubakar’ whose

20

years and forfeit 100,000,

years.

Alhaji Sabo Bakin Zuwo from
21 to7 years and Alhaji Abubakar
Rimi from 22 to five years.

Also on the list are Alhaji Gar-
ba Nadama from life to 10 years;
Mr. Aper Aku 10 to three years,
Mr. Solomon Lar from 22 to three,
years; Aihaji Awwal Ibrahim

rom 21 to three years; Alhaji Ab-
du Dawakin Tofa from 10 to seven

ears, and Mr. Jim . Nwobodo
from: 22 to 10 years;‘and Mr.

Wilberforce Juta from 21 to three
- years and Alhaji Muhammadu
‘Bachaka from fiveto three years.

The government said Chief
Sam Mbakwe- would be tried for.
conspiracy in a.case of fraud and
misappropriation preferred
against one Dr. A. 0. Okafor.

.. Two former..dead politicians,
Chief. Busari: Adelakun and
Prince Julius Eweka have had
their prison’ sentence reduced.
Chief Adelakun from five to three
years and Eweka from 21 to five
years. :

The white paper said forfeiture
or refund orders were imposed as
a precondition for discharge or

ction in sentence.

It warned that.failure to co-
operate or ‘comply with
ultimatum early, means having
full sentence as originally impés-
ed by the special military
tribunal and. where applicable
previously released persons
would be rearrested and detained

_ Until after full compliance.

five-year jail term was confirm-
ed would refund 593,000 Naira.

‘The jail term of former Gover-
nor Garba Nadama of Sokoto
State was increased from seven
to 10 years by the Federal
Government while he is to refund
860,000 Naira, while Mr. Lar of
Plateau State would serve seven
years for withdrawing and spend-

ing 32,981,000 Naira from
state coffers. .

Alhaji Abdu Dawakin Tofa
would remain in jail for seven
years and pay 689,133 Naira to the
Federal Government.



GHANA

ACCRA RADIO ADVOCATES OAU FORCE TO FIGHT APARTHEID

ABO51605 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 5 Aug 86

[Osei-rutu Danquah commentary]

[Text] At the just-ended OAU summit in Addis Ababa, the main issue which
preoccupied the minds of the leaders was finding effective ways and: means
to end apartheid. As expected, Africa is demanding comprehensive and
mandatory sanctions against the Pretoria regime. It is pledging more’
money and arms to liberation movements; it is pledging assistance to the
Frontline States and (?mid-wing) states, which are victims of South Africa
across-border raids and efforts at destabilization. But one issue, which
the leaders failed to examine critically was the possibility of forming

a defense force in order that Africa would the better be able to take
care of her security needs.

When the issue was raised, Ethiopia expressed strong reservations,

arguing that the plan was premature, and that the logistical cost

would be too prohibitive to bear. The Ethiopian foreign minister,

Goshu Wolde, said there was no political will among African countries

as yet on which defense organ could be set up. He cited the peacekeeping
operation in Chad which brought enormous expense to some African countries
and urged the meeting to draw lessons from what happened. Mr Wolde warned
that such a force could even backfire and destabilize the very purpose

for which it was established. As an alternative, therefore, he suggested
the strengthening of the liberation movements through increased material
and financial support for them to intensify the liberation struggle. One may
be tempted to agree with Mr Wolde's fears of logistical cost and strategic
plunder. The question however remains: If without a defense force the
OAU can successfully secure the total liberation of the blacks from
oppression.

The differences within the liberation movements have weakened their defense
capability. The need to present a united front to fight the racist regime
is lacking. The activities of the liberation movements for freedom and
dignity are seen by Western countries as a sign of violence and terrorism.
So Botha appears justified in carrying on aggressive wars overseas against
these freedom fighters to the detriment of the economy and the security needs
of other African countries. But who would dare accuse an OAU defense force
as a terrorist body whose role as a keeping [as heard] force would be
internationally recognized. That is why there is the hope and belief in
certain quarters that with proper planning the modalities of a defense force
could be worked out to minimize cost of member countries.



NORTHERN GOVERNORS HOLD MEETING

Kano THE TRIUMPH in English 21 Jul 86 pp 1, 12

{Article by Abubakar Buhari]

[Text]

The ten Northern State governor’s meeting
kicked-off yesterday at the State House which
served as the seat of power of the former Nor-
thern Regional Government in Kaduna.

Seven state governors attended the meeting
except the governors of Borno, Niger and Kwa-
ra who were represented by Lt.-Col. Moham-
med Zakari; Colonel ‘unde Obeha and Wing
Commander Emmanuel Edem, acting as
governors of the three states respectively. : ~

The meeting which started at about 10.00
a.m. discussed at length crucial issues in-
cluding the series of frauds at the Bank of the
North (BON) and the expansion of the capital
base for the Northern Nigeria Development

Company (NNDC).

Other : issues dis-
cussed at the meeting
include the payment
of annual subvention
to Kaduna Polytech-
nic and an_ overall
five-year develop-
ment plan for the in-
stitution.

Also discussed was
the harmonisation of
courses and policies
in ail northern poly-
technics. ‘

On the opening of

19274
csO: 3400/152

25

NIGERIA

the institution, the
chairman of the
meeting, the Gover-
nor of Benue State,
Group Captain David
Jang, said the issue of
the Kaduna Polytech-
nic was a matter of
national security and
the ten northern state
governors were not
capable of delibe-
eating on it un-
less the federal
government. had
made a_pronounce-
ment on the issue.

Governor Jang also
said as an achieve-
ment, the conference
had so far succeeded
in depoliticising the
NNDC as the only
way of making it
viable.

He said the NNDC
as a result of this
achievement was now
picking up in line with
the purpose for which
it was established.



The United States ob-
tained 54 percent of the
vanadium required for
making stecl alloys for
aircraft’ and— machinery
from South Africa — and
this applicd to many other
countries in the West.

“And this is only the
edge of the picture. Sanc-
tions against South Africa
would certainly boome-
rang and hit where it
hurts most — in produc-
tion and massive unem-
ployment. creation,” he
said,

/8309
cso: 3400/390

94



SOUTH AFRICA

WITS STUDENTS EXPRESS SOLIDARITY WITH DETAINEES

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 86 p 19

[Article by Claire Robertson]

[Text]

19274
cso:

Eight hundred students and staff packed a Wit-
watersrand University hall yesterday to express
their solidarity with university detainees.

Twenty students and two staff members have
been detained since the start of the state of
emergency, including student leaders Claire
Wright, president of the Students’ Representative
Council, and Dali Mpofu, chairman of the Black
Students’ Society.

Miss Wright’s mother, Mrs Monica Wright, her
sister Adrienne and brother Greg, attended the
meeting adressed by many campus organisa-
tions.

Mrs Wright told the meeting: “The distress our
family shares is simply a particular manifesta-
tion of the sorrow which prevails in our beloved
country.”

She told the students to sustained applause: “If
I could quote a person in detention, I would say
she misses you, and sends you all her love.”

Mr Brendan Barry, president of Nusas, had his
message of solidarity read out by a fellow stu-
dent.

“Claire and Dali were detained for fulfilling

3400/363

the mandate we gave them, With them, the en-
tire student membership of this university has

“been detained.”

The Government's “reform” has: only “at-
tempted to make the poison of apartheid palat-
able -- repression is to ensure we swallow it at
any price”, he said.

OBSERVED SILENCE

At the request of a senior member of the Black
Students’ Society, Mr James Maseko, the meet-.
ing observed a moment’s silence for those in de-
tention, their arms raised “in fists of strength”.

The university administration was represented
at the meeting by Professor Mervyn Shear, dean
of Student Affairs, as was the Academic Staff
Association. .

Non-university organisations such as the Gen-
eral and Allied Workers’ Union and the Detainee
Parents Support Committee spoke of their soli-
darity with the detainees.

The speeches were interspersed with songs
and dancing led by groups of students. There was
no uniformed police presence at the meeting, and
the students returned peacefully to classes when
it ended. . .

87



The founding fathers of the OAU had in view one and only Africa pooling
its resources within the framework of a continental.unity. There is no
doubt therefore that an OAU defense force would be better able to
strengthen the defense capability of the frontline states against

South African aggression and acts of destabilizaiton. It is the only way
to counter the Western and Zionist conspiracy to entrench a dehumanizing
system on the continent. It is the only way to galvanize the efforts

of South Africa labor movements and student organizations in their bid

to overthrow apartheid through industrial and consumer boycott. It is
the only way to help OAU to translate the 1976 Mauritius declaration which
states that an attack by South Africa or any enemy on an African state should
be viewed as an attack on the whole of OAU.

Time is running out; we should seize the time when the youth of Africa
are bubbling with zeal to work and fight for the total liberation of

the continent. The patience of the oppressed people has come to its
elastic limit. There are no compromise solutions to the problem in

South Africa. The urgent need for an African defense force should
therefore be given a second thought. It is the only way left to Africans
to reassert their human dignity and free themselves from oppression,
racial bigotry and exploitation. The blacks have had enough of apartheid.

112624
csO: 3400/368



SOUTH AFRICA

IMMIGRANTS BLACKLISTING FOREIGN PRODUCTS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 6 Aug 86 p 14

[Article by Keith Abendroth]

[Text] AN

organisation rep-
resenting 3000 immi-
grants — many of them
from countries behind the
iron curtain and many of
them leading figures. in
South African life — are
drawing up a_ special
“black list” of foreign
products to be boycotted
by South Africans.

Mr Hans H Hain, Ger-
man-born lawyer and first
secretary of the “Happy
Immigrants” Friendship
Circle, said yesterday that
the help would be sought
of South African con-
sumerism bodies to en-
force a retaliatory fight-
back boycott campaign if
sanctions against South
Africa came into force.

The organisation has
been involved in an active
information and letter
writing campaign to the

countries of origin of its :

3 000 members from more ©
than 20 different coun- -

tries.
In an_ interview, Mr
Hain said: “We are

already far advanced with .

out own black lists and
we will ask the House-
wives’ League and other
bodies to help us by get-
ting their members ac-
tively to boycott certain
imported products from
countries which back boy-
cotts against South Afri-
ca.

«stance, - a,

“What we envisage at
present is a limited sanc-
tions effort to bring home
the message to such coun-
tries. If they want puni-
tive retaliation they .can
have it too...”

The boycott would ap-
ply to all products from
countries backing sanc-
tions against South Afri-
ca, except to products
from South African-based ;

.sister companies of the}

overseas producers.

“Mr Haine, who has
been making a study of
the “boomerang” effect
‘on countries which want
sanctions against South
Africa, said it was “any-
body’s guess how hard the
sanctions imposing coun-
tries themselves will be
hit in the rebound”. *

He said that; for in-
confidential
study by the Western gov-
ernments in the field of
chromium imports from
South Africa had ‘re-
vealed that gross produc-
tion in West Germany
would be cut back by 25
percent, resulting in 7-
million unemployed, by
only a 30 percent cutback
in chromium. imports
from South Africa.

93

“It is an open matter
how many millions of.
people: in the whole of
Europe would be affected _
by the biggest unemploy-
‘ment wave ever known in
“history if sanctions back-
fired on those who intro-
‘duce : them,” ‘said “Mr
Hain.

According to a study
made by the United
States commerce. depart-
ment, South Africa had
° the greatest concentration
of vital ,materials- ‘and
‘minerals in.the Western
World.

’ Foreign governments
which introduced sanc-
tions would thus be
jforced to buy from - the
Soviet Union, and be-
come dependent on them.

‘Zimbabwe was a source.
of chromium, but its ore
was exported by South
African Transport Ser-*
vices through South Afri-
cqn'ports. -

‘The United States, said
Mr Hain, depended on
South Africa for 33 per-
cent of its manganese and
67 percent of its platinum. .
‘The platinurh was used to
‘reduce atmospheric pol-
lution as well as in the
production of electronic
and electrical equipment,
and petroleum refining.



3,5km and 4km, ,

There are at least 21 big rigs drilling,
between the Western Areas mine and:
Potchefstroom — a distance of about:

60km.

Behind the enthusiasm for exploration
in the Potchefstroom area is a theot
held by several geologists that gold-
bearing sediments were discharged bil-.
lions of years ago into the Witwaters.
rand Basin at a point north of,
Potchefstroom.

This’ would be the seventh known en-
try point into the basin, the others bein;
at Evander, the East Rand, the Central
“Rand, the West Wits Line, Klerksdor,
and the Free State.

.

/8309
CSO: 3400/391

98



SOUTH AFRICA

EASTERN PROVINCE POLICE WITHDRAW EMERGENCY ORDERS
MB312007 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2002 GMT 31 Jul 86

[Text] Port Elizabeth, 31 July, SAPA~-The divisional commissioner of police
in the eastern province, Brigadier Ernest Schnetler, today withdrew emergency
orders he issued since the declaration of the state of emergency on 12 June.
The orders now withdrawn were published in government notices numbers 1276 and
1277 of 19 June, and number 1432 of 1 July.

The withdrawal of the orders follows Tuesday's judgment by a full bench of the
Grahamstown Supreme Court, which effectively invalidated certain orders issued
by Brig. Schnetler.

On 19 June, Brig. Schnetler issued orders barring non-residents from entering
certain areas without the written permission of a member of the security
forces, and imposed a curfew between 9 p.m. and 4 a.m. on certain areas in the
eastern Cape. The areas concerned included new Brighton, KwaZakele, Zwide,
Walmter black township, Motherwell, KwaMagxaki, KwaDwesi, Kwanobuhle, Kabah,
Langa, despatch black township and townships in the magisterial districts of
Albany, Fort Beaufort, Humansdorp, Hankey, Kirkwood, Somerset East, Bedford,
Adelaide, Alexandria, Cradoc and Bathurst.

Brig. Schnetler had also placed restrictions on funerals in 13 magisterial
districts. He also issued orders controlling the movements of pupils on
school premises, and prohibited any person from being in possession of any
device with which projectiles could be cast, any simulated firearm, any
uniform, T-shirt, flag, or banner with name, badge or emblem of 58
organisations. On 1 July, Brig. Schnetler issued orders prohibiting
gatherings, barring 52 organisations from organising, arranging or holding
meetings in 13 magisterial districts of the eastern Cape.

/12913
cso: 3400/335

61


Chief Buthelezi was speaking at the Durban parliamentary debating society
to a motion that the Kwazulu-Natal indaba was the best prospect for
establishing peace and prosperity.

He said it was happening in a province in which, if he chose to as a
leader, he could make places like Durban "smoking graveyards of white dreams."

But the fact that it was taking place was a demonstration that this was not
his intention.

Chief Buthelezi said democracy demanded that, at first and second tier
levels of government, Mr Botha had indaba-type structures through which
politics could channel him or his successor as state president to the
people on whose support he finally depended.

Like every black and every other democrat, he rejected the National Party's
use of the distinction of “own and "general" affairs based on racial
criteria as a means of perpetuating the idiom of apartheid.

In every Western democracy there were own and general affairs, hence

the three-tier approach to government. In a normalized South Africa
there would also continue to be own and general affairs -- but these could
not be the kind which erected iron curtains between state presidents and
populations.

While black areas remained no-go areas for white politicians, government
had to be structured on what he called the fear syndrome. This was suicidal.

"The politics of prescription is gone," Chief Buthelezi said. "We need
the Kwazulu/Natal indaba type of structure not only as one in which

we can get local and regional consensus about what should be done,

but also so that we can have the structures through which what has to
be done is done."

/12624
cso: 3400/371

67



Viljoen declared: “I agree with a
joint strategy for getting rid of Ma-
‘chel.” Not much sign of “reconcilia-
tion” here.

As for 1985, presumably The Star
is referring to the three clandestine
flights to Gorongosa made by the

then Deputy Foreign Minister Louis.

Nel. The Mozambican Government
has flatly denied that these were in’

any way authorised, but the South ;

African authorities have stuck to the

lame story that Nel was trying to:
bring the MNR and the Mozambi- :

can Government to the negotiating
table.

Why should The Star accept the
South African Government version?

Does it really think that Pretoria is -

the source of all truth?
The South African
described Nel’s escapades as “tech-

Government '

nical” violations of the Nkomati ‘

non-aggression accord. What would

it think — and come to- that; what -
would The Star think - if.al Mo-_:
zambican Deputy Minister flew in

the dead of night to an ANC guerilla
camp in the Transvaal, and then: al-
leged that the purpose of ‘his visit
was to bring the ANC and the Botha
Government -to the ‘negotiating
table? :
Trather doubt that Pretoria would
treat this as a mere technicality.

It is now clear that South Africa .

never had the slightest intention of
honouring the Nkomati Accord. It
saw the agreement as just a first

step towards propelling its MNR -

into the Mozambican

surrogates
That ‘strategy has

Government.

failed due to the consistent refusal

‘of the Mozambican authorities ‘to
enter into any political dialogue
with the MNR. sO
Negotiations, yes — but only with
the MNR’s paymasters in Pretoria.
As Security Minister Sergio Vieira
put it last year: “Why talk to the

19274

csO: 3400/359

corporal when you can go to the
general?” :

No agreement with the MNR:
would be practicable in any case,
given the hatred felt for the MNR,
among the ordinary people. How
many’ troops would South ‘Africa
have .to deploy in Mozambique to
protect an MNR regime from: the
general public?

¢- Without an analysis of South Afri: :
{ea’s determined efforts to. wreck the? |

Mozambican economy (described by...
“one: Mozambican: Minister: as :the:{
‘Botha: regime’s “cleverest operation,

in. Southern Africa”), the country’

present plight becomes, quite incom-
prehensible. ° ica
Of course

there are management

of . -bureaucratic — incompetence.
These are the targets of open criti-
_seism:-by. the Frelimo  leadership.::.
They are important, but not deter- ;
minant, factors. Their impact’ is *
minor: compared to the -sabotaged *
-railways,‘ burnt out. trucks, blown
bridges and the rest of the MNR’s*’
zhandiwork, « pin PhS Te SEN
4f] Much {iat appeared in the article
in The Star is:trué: its. source ma- (4
rial consisted of dispatches: fi
the Mozambique news: agency AIM.:
Unfortunately Fhe Star quotes sé-;
; lectively. z
*., In its summary of Prime Minister
».Mario Machungo’s speech to the Mo- ,
zambican parliament, it did not
mention that his figures showed sub-
stantial growth in the Mozambican
economy from. 1977 to 1982. In this
period exports doubled and the gross ©
social product rose by 15 percent.” :
Decline set in from early 1982, not
because of any increase in. bureau-
cratic incompetence, but because of
massive South African aggression,
direct and through the MNR. °!
Despite the war, some develop-
ment projects have gone ahead, but
The Star prefers to ‘keep silent on
these. They include irrigation:

12

schemes in the Limpopo Valle:
dams on the Umbeluzi and Sabie
rivers, expansion of the energy and”
telecommunications networks and’
new drainage system for Maput.
this. latter, plus’ a vaccinatloii”
© programme that reaches nine out of
every: 10 children, makes Maputo
¢.much healthier place than’ any’
* black township in South Africa. ?!°\"
'.. Unlike the South African Gover
ment,’ the Mozambican authoritiés:
have had a‘tradition of admitting’
the difficulties they'face. ©..." 2?»
They encourage criticism of thelr’
mistakes and weaknesses, they plity'.
‘ lish’ devastating economic! reports’
that in many’ countries might be*
considered top secret, and ‘they do"
not restrict legally available infor:
mation to laconic’ releases ‘fron’ a!’
censorship body euphemisticaily”’
known asa “Bureau for Informa: |

" “The lectures that The Star gives:
“to Mozambique ‘are declaimed frdm"
offices that now suffer the harshest’
:Press:censorship in the world. They:
t are‘made by senjor journalists ‘who!
have agreed to fit their own: gagv
nd put on, their.own Shackles.’ [.“-""
Rather than defy the emergency
; regulations, they have fallen in.Jine
‘with them:— thereby making ‘their
‘implementation possible. (Does any:
one believe that if the Argus Group
shad said. “we will not respect your
:-censorship rules” then the Govern,
ment .would have closed all, fhe,
papers down and locked up all; the,
journalists?) - hae
Yet these same gagged journale
‘ists, forbidden from writing: the,
truth abdut their own country,..s0,.
lemnly denourice “ideological .fooln,
“ishness” in Mozambique. ma!
Is The Star really blind taj the:
‘fact that it is published in the. land:
of the supreme ideological folly of
our time? . es



SOUTH AFRICA

THOUSANDS BENEFIT FROM NATAL'S WORK CREATION PROJECTS

Pretoria PHOENIX in English Jul 86 p 3

[Text]

THE 600 million made available by
the Government last year for job
creation and the training of
unemployed persons has yielded
rich dividends in Natal.

To date almost 9 000 people have
been accommodated in work
creation projects which began in
November last year with a total of
11 300 man days worked. .

In Natal funds were made
available. to various organisations
for the execution of projects.
Firstly funds were provided to the
Provinciat Administration for
projects by local authorities. Such
projects include inter alia the
beautification of the environment,
the clearance of vegetation,. the
establishment of and/or improve-
ment of recreation grounds, parks,
etc. combating of soil erosion, the
construction of and/or improve-
ment of roads, pavements, *
walkways, sewerage, water
reticulation, irrigation schemes and
canalisation of streams, etc. In
considering projects priority was
accorded to those to be oflongterm °
benefit to the community. In order,
however, to obtain a better
geographical distribution, projects
with short term benefits were also «
approved. :

Of the. 59 boroughs and
townships throughout Natal, 56
have embarked on a total of 319

projects to the value of R9,5 million. | t

95

~ One® of the largest of these
projects..is undertaken by the
Pietermaritzburg municipality.
This involves the canalisation of the
Baynes Spruit for 1,2 kilometers in
order to make land available for
cottage type industries and
recreational areas for all population
groups. On this project the work
force employed for the last six
months ranged between 1085 and
1756 unemployed persons. .

In addition the RDAC allocated
funds to 33 local authorities for 75
projects to the value of R2,8 million.

The Department of Development
Aid is responsible for the handling
of projects in the Self Governing
National States. In Kwazulu
projects to the value of R13 million
were undertaken since 1985 in the
interest of the local community.
This ‘includes inter. alia the
combating of soil erosion, the

establishment of Tea plantations, “

the cleaning of towns, clinics and
hospitals, the maintenance of

- roads, the establishment of fire

wood plantations and food aid to
unemployed persons. . .

To the Administration : Own
Affairs: of the House of Delegates
more than R8 million was made
available for projects in the interest
of the Indian Community. -



NIGERIA

MUSLIN ORGANIZATION ADDRESSES BABANGIDA ON OIC MEMBERSHIP

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 Jul 86 pp 1, 3

[Text]

THE Jama’atu Nasril
Islam (JN!) has called
for the publication of the
full report of the
Shagaya panel on Nige-
ria’s membership of the
Organisation of Islamic
Conference (OIC).

In a letter to President
Ibrahim Babangida dated Ju-
ly 18, the JNI sald publication
of the report would show that
representatives of the
Church on the panel ‘had
virtually accepted Nigeria’s
full membership of the OIC”.

\t would also wipe out the
fear that Nigeria’s membership
af the OIC would convert her
into an Islamic state.

The JNI said it had written
to the President to re-iterate
the position of muslims on the
OIC issue in the wake of
unguarded attacks and com-
ments by 355 christian
organisations on his recent
broadcast to the nation as it
affected the OIC.

19274
csO: 3400/152

It stressed that the report of the
Shagaya panel contained a detail-
ed analysis of the implications of
OIC membership from the chris-
tian and muslim points of view
and took note of the Federal
Government's assurance that the
country would not become an
Islamic state.

The Shagaya panel which CAN
members endorsed willingly, the
letter stated, unanimously
recommended the establishment
of a permanent forum for both
muslims and christians to discuss
other vital religious issues of
mutual interest. :

The letter said the JNI urges
all ‘reasonable muslims ‘and
christians’ to welcome the
establishment of the National
Council for Religious Affairs,
pointing out that the government

da right under section 41 of the
constitution to regulate freedom

of worship in the interest of peace ;

and security exercised under sec-
on 33.

“One vital decision of the

Shagaya panel, it added, was the
change in position of its. church
representatives from regarding
the country as “secular stage” to
regarding it as ‘‘a multi-religious
oe imple language, the

“In a simple lat ige, the
government has to deal with all
religions without favouring any

17

one over the other,” it remarked,
but noted that as things were to-
day, christians were favoured
with the use of the Gregorian
calendar as official calendar,
Sunday as a public holiday and
the maintenance of diplomatic
relations with the Vatican.

It said there was a need to
balance up since christians did
not seem to recognise that the
muslims have rights to the
national cake. -

It gave assurance to the
Federal Government that
muslims © committed to
peace, would never work against

' the peace of the country and had

full support for the implementa-
tion of recommendations of the
Shagaya panel.

The JNI said in whatever
muslim “do, they are guided by
the injunctions of the Holy Koran,
‘Sunnah, [jma and Qiyas and can-"
not be causers of trouble,"” but
said, “it must be understood that,
if they are not left alone, their
religion has permitted them to
defend themselves as Allah says
in the Koran.””

It expressed support for the
government action in implement-*
ing the Shagaya panel and said it’
would continue to pray for peace
so that an atmosphere of*under-
standing might prevail.



ZIMBABWE

CONSERVATIVE, -GOVERNMENT DEAL FALLS THROUGH
MB080936 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0812 GMT 8 Aug 86

[Text] Harare, August 8, SAPA--Mr Ian Smith's Conservative Alliance

has failed to reach agreement with.Mr Robert Mugabe's ruling ZANU[PF]

on a political co-operation deal, which would allow some form of continued
while minority representation under a one party state. Spokesmen for the
two parties said the gulf between them was too wide, but contacts would
go on in the hope of improving relations. The leader of the ZANU(PF)
Delegation at the talks, central committee member Mr Nelson Mawema,

blamed Mr Smith's party for refusing to concede the principle of white
representation on a common roll alongside black.

It is believed that if a deal had been agreed, Mr Smith would have bowed out
gracefully from the Zimbabwean political scene, removing a focus of white
opposition to Mr Mugabe.

The chairman of the CAZ, [Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe] Mr Lou Ankers,
said ZANU(PF) insisted the whites should subscribe to its Marxist-Leninist
philosophy and become card carrying members. The CAZ, which won 15 of the
20 reserved white seats at the 1985 general election, still holds 14 after
the defection of one MP, Mr Charles Duke, to become the first white ZANU(PF)

member.

Mr. Ankers said the ruling party's demand that the CAZ disband was
unacceptable, as its members could not accept the idea of a Marxist-Leninist
one party state. The door had not, however, been closed to further talks.
He said Mr Smith's party would continue to support Mr Mugabe's government
whenever it could without compromising its principles. He did not believe
there would be a mass exodus of white MP's in the wake of Mr Duke.

Next April, Lancaster House constitutional guarantees lapse for the
retention of the 20 white seats. Mr Mawema said Mr Mugabe would not
go back on his plans to abolish them as soon as possible.

It was announced yesterday that one of the 10 CAZ senators, Mr John Probert,
is to retire from parliament. Mr Probert, who has been ill for some time,
plans to live in England.

112624
cso: 3400/374
46



SOUTH AFRICA

MITSUBISHI, MAZDA, FORD TO MAINTAIN LINKS

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 4 Aug 86 p 1

[Article by Chris Cairncross]

[Text]

/8309
cso:

‘THREE of the world’s leading motor
manufacturing giants have independent-
ly and publicly reaffirmed their inten-
tion to maintain ties with South Africa.

And they have strongly condemned as *
counter-productive steps aimed at im-.”

posing a range of economic sanctions
against SA. a

In separate interviews with Business
Day in Tokyo and Detroit, senior. ¢xecu-
tives of Mitsubishi, Mazda’ and, Ford
stressed their opposition to the policies
of apartheid practised by government

But they also emphasises their belief

that -affirmative contact rather than ~.

withdrawal is the route.most likely to
bring about reform.

They indicated also that the depressed
nature of the SA economy, and particu-

larly that of the motor industry, has in «

no way clouded their perspective either
over business links with SA — indeed,
most industry executives appeared
more positive over prospects lomesti-
cally than did their local counterparts.
In global terms, of course, the links
the ‘three international corporations
have with SA are marginal, at best.
Their direct umbilical cord is via a
manufacturing and distribution
arrangement with the Anglo American-
controlled Samcor group. The closest to
direct involvement is Ford, whose Ford

3400/391

Canada subsidiary has a 42% sharehold-
‘ ing in Samcor.
The hassle factor in the form of grow-
; ing pressures internationally against
those companies doing business in SA
does not appear at this stage to have
impacted significantly on the decisions
of these three ‘corporations to review
their status with SA.
+ Mazda overseas operations MD Keiji
Asano said the company had not yet met
‘pressures to curtail its links in SA.
“ford executives stressed they would
‘he unlikely to bow to such pressure.
“We like to believe we are not fair-
weather friends and will stick in there as
jong as we can,” observed Phil Benton,
‘ord’s executive vice-president of inter-
national automotive operations.
“We think the business prospects in SA
‘and our commitment to a large number
of people in SA far outweighs any hassle
factor we may be experiencing.” .
Mitsubishi and Mazda executives ex- |
pressed similar sentiments, their strate-
4 being to strengthen. their existing
foothold in the area over the long-term.
They see SA as potentially acting as
their springboard into the rest of Africa
once the country is able to resolve its
internal political problems.

91


PROGRESS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 28 Jul 86 p 1
[Article by Nduka Nwosu]

[Text]

HE Federal De,
partment of Rur
Development has fate “Oy ata
made available under ments and the slow rate of
its 1986 capital esti- economic returns from pro- Out ofa

was also .prying

sJects, found funds meant for
mate (Head 220 Rural {o'+,, sprig caine only 17,373,900

Developricat) dis- Federal ;
bursement a total of. and State go

ari cultural : economy ‘through * timely
various Agricultur: th

Development Pro- m4
grammes (ADPs). re ie bras ned
A Business Times when

survey had sought to 0
know how efficient because *

into de-" its agricultaral |
' implementation

440,526,100 to the efforte to revamp. ‘the agreed with allegations
funds diversion“ by

Towed "down "Ge''delayed “counterpart sources

NIGERIA

REVIEWED

project :
has taken a,

implemen-
state. govern-° positive turning point. -

total 467,000,000" disbursement “should be’
the ADPs,. made available to agricul: !
is out ture and the ADPs in parti-'
an dig, CUM +4

for ‘the

i

funds disbursement srbetecen. me

had been at this time. Mohsin; Alihan’ of ‘the
liquidity cash flows World Bank referred tc ine
were holding up va- most recent third quarter
rious projects under ‘isbursement of ¥25,144,000

implementation.

19274

csO: 3400/152

counterparte not. wo)

fat
“ t@o shore up the dwindling: an when certain
participation. of“ state Ereaticeen ~ bid? ee

ad
governments ,: in “ADP. evaluation are ta!" intn
funding, government intro-

rot account, one could almost

certain
“Japees’ in World Bank
experts advice by streng-

“FACU,* and all the old
/ADPs and the eight newly
“established ones presented
| participants.

29



AIM ACCUSES RSA OF RECRUITING REFUGEES FOR MNR

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 4 Aug 86 p 6

[Text]

19274
cso:

3400/359

MAPUTO — Mozambi-
can refugee camps in
South Africa are being
used as recruitment cen-
tres for the Mozambique
National Resistance
movement, the Mozambi-
que News Agency (Aim),
has said.

The agency also ac-
cused South African Gov-
ernment officials of being
involved in large-scale
trafficking in refugees
from Mozambique and of
allowing, anti-govern-
ment guerillas to cross
into Mozambique from
South Africa. .

The Mozambican Gov-
ernment has also denied
that it has asked Pretoria
to repatriate Mozambi-
cans who have fled into
South Africa.

An average of 1500
Mozambicans are repa-
triated every month from
South Africa for entering
the country illegally.

It added that for the
Mozambican authorities
the main problem was
that “South Africa con-

itinues to allow terrorists

'to move over the border
\into Mozambican terri-
ltory with the, aim of des-
-tabilising the life of peo-
ple living in the border
areas”...

The Mozambican side

in the Joint Security,

Commission had warned
South Africa that there.
was evidence that the
camps for Mozambican
refugees inside South
Africa were being turned.
into centres of forced re-
cruitment for the MNR,
Aim said. po
* “Unofficial South Afri-
can sources last week
also said that the MNR
was seeking new recruits
in the refugee camps,” it
added. .
The agency accused

South African farmers in,

‘the border areas of ex-
ploiting the refugees by
paying them-wages lower
that ‘those stipulated: for.
black South Africans.

It said trafficking in
refugees involving gov-
ernment officials was un-
covered in May.’

13

MOZAMBIQUE



The 11 principles accepted in 1984 legislation to provide for equal
education could be likened to cement, in that they held the system together.

The determination of general policy concerning the financing of education,
salaries and conditions of service of staff, the professional registration
of teachers and norms and standards for syllabuses, examinations and the
certification of qualifications applied to everyone.

"In that sense we now have one education department," Mr de Klerk said.

"The various components have been combined within the system in such
a way that the same educational and teaching goals are being pursued
in all education departments."

South Africa therefore had an education system that satisfied the
demands imposed by the fact the country's people shared a great deal with
each other.

"at the same time, however, this system leaves room for individual
religious and moral value systems, individual languages and cultures and the
values of individual communities to be embodied in the education of their
children."

The department of National Educatim therefore guaranteed the essential
unity of education in South Africa, but did not enforce uniformity.

112624
cso: 3400/377

57



Thousands Benefit From Natal's Work Creation Projects
(PHOENIX, Jul 86) ..cecccccccccccncccencrecscsccsesnseeesee

Greatest Gold Exploration Boom in Nation's History Underway
(BUSINESS DAY, 8 Aug 86) ..seceeeceeeceves

Nation's Tin Mines Face 3-Year Fight for Survival
(Cherilyn Ireton; BUSINESS DAY, 4 Aug 86) ..

Briefs
Building Industry Loses Jobs
Mussel Farming Scheme
Costs of Equal Wages

INDUSTRIAL/S&T

Platinum Industry Could Benefit From New Fuel-Saving Device
(Don Holliday; THE STAR, 30 Jul 86) ..c.ccecccvcceccccccreeeeces

Over Capacity Plagues Escom
(David Furlonger; BUSINESS DAY, 31 Jul 86) .csceceseecceceenece

Briefs
Mossel Bay Gas Project

/9987

95

97

99

100
100
100

101

103

104


SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

EEC YELLOW RIBBON PROTEST-~The End Conscription Campaign (ECC) has resorted

to a measure used by thousands of Americans during the Iranian hostage
crisis--the wearing of yellow ribbons--now that their opposition to conscrip-
tion has been silenced by the state of emergency. "Traditionally linked to the
unjust detention of fellow countrywomen and ..men, we intend to use the yellow
ribbons as a means of displaying an abhorrence of the widescale travesties of
justice taking place around us," an ECC pamphlet says. "The yellow ribbon will
be our call for the release of political detainees, for the right to voice our
protest at the injustices in our country and especially to the deployment of
the SADF in the townships, and now in many black schools. “Denied the right to
stand up and protest, we turn to this symbolic display to speak for us." The
campaign was well under way on the campus of the University of the Witwatersrand
yesterday, when hundreds of students who attended a meeting in solidarity with
students and staff in detention, sported yellow ribbons on their sleeves.
[Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 Aug 86 p 19] 19274

cso: 3400/363

89



NIGERIA

OX PLOWS REPLACE TRACTORS DUE TO SHORTAGE
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 22 Jul 86 p 16

[Article by Waziri Garba]

gramme completely ‘but would

[Text] ~on the situation said the subsidy!
rather be transferred to the state

RURAL farmers in Bauchi on tractor hiring run by the pro- r §
State might have to rely more on gramme created a false impres-} Ministry of Agriculture with a
ox-ploughs to till their farms in-- sion ‘with the farmers. that it recommendation that.a break
stead of using tractors because of would, continue to be’ cheaper... even price be charged for hiring
the inability of the tractor hiring — than using ox ploughs. . services. J
unit of the state agricultural The BSADP, he said, did not’. He said. the BSADP would now:
development programme to cope have the capacity to meet... encourage farmers -to shift em-.
with increasing number: of’. farmers increasing mand; *" *. phasis to ox-drawn ploughs for:
farmerswho reuied sich 9% y'eaid a farmer woud jun 7 Svaing ae Oren

ie i tieed about 150 Naira to cultivat = y a 6
t The New Nigerian gathered that ten hectares of land with a trac inade "availab le i y athe Pro-
ane reir Cocupply of orders for” tf {rom the hiring unit, which he ga white leans. part of a.
lelays in supply 0 orders for” > said was good enough but pointed 'israchea] to the government t
sible for the government's. ine out that tractors available. could T wou Id be advanced f farmers to
ability. to wheel farmers’ ;N0t meet farmers’ demand of... buy their own ploughs. ° :
demans ~ "Such services as a result most of qe said the yroposal if approv- |

Officials of the agricultural ser: ‘them ended up disillusioned after ** eg would inelude'a loan package’

Oftiel eI Set" ‘waiting for long times for. the : Package,
vices have considered a pro- : + which would enable a farmer bu
posal to the government that tractors toreach them. . ws ‘a ridger which sold between 12)
farmers in the face of insufficient Alhaji Hassan said the cost of: Naira and 150 Naira and two bulls
tractors, be encouraged to use Ox- . tractors, some of which now sold ° whose market prices. ranged
drawn ridgers for cultivation for 50,000 Naira and the’ delays by from 500 to 1,000 Naira. .
vather'than depend on tractors. companies fore orders were,

Manager of the state - supplied created a lot of problems ;
Agricultural Development Pro- for the BSADP and the farmers.
gramme (BSADP). Alhaii :.. Hehowever said the hiring unit
Alhassan Mohammed commenting — would not be cancelled by the pro-

19274
cso: 3400/152

34



In Natal the Department of
Community Development and
Planning voted an amount of R5
million for projects in other Black
areas in Natal. These projects were
largely aimed at the upgrading of
residential areas, housing,
recreational facilities and water and
sewerage reticulation.

In addition the Department of
Manpower approved 72 projects for

the private sector to the value of '

R2,8 million. These projects are
spread over 33 towns and boroughs
and include projects such as nature
conservation and undertakings by
_Welfare and Missionary Organisa-
tions.

Funds were also made available

to the Development Bank and the |

Small Business Development
Corporation for financial
assistance to small business
undertakings.

Concerning the training of
unemployed persons in Natal,
nearly 50000 were trained in
various courses during the 1985/86
financial year at a cost. of R14,2
million. During the said period
altogether 40 contractors
participated in the scheme in this
area. Of the 50000 persons who
received training, between 25 and
30 percent obtained a livelihood.

For the present financial year 25
contracts were entered into in
Natal to train more than 30000
unemployed persons. The
monetary value of these contracts
is R12,4 million.

In regard to the Republic as a

/8309
cso: 3400/390

whole 205 418 unemployed persons
were trained during the 1985/86 .
financial year by 158 contractors at ‘
a cost of R53,9 million. These
figures do not include Administra-
tion Boards. For the present
financial year contracts were
entered into with 115 contractors
to train approximately 213000
unemployed persons.

Up till now Administration
Boards also participated in the
scheme. From July 1985 until 30
June 1986 more than 80000
unemployed: persons were trained
by the 13 Administration Boards
and approximately 22,5 percept
were placed in employment after
completion of training.

Certain criteria were used when
contracts: for the training of
unemployed persons were
considered. These criteria will also
be used in the future.

96



more nutritious than the ordinary variety. The source close to the state
Ministry of Agriculture said plans were under way to establish commercial farms
for the production of the seeds, It was understood that government was working
with the National Seed Service and the International Institute for Tropical
Agriculture (IITA) on the project. Meanwhile the state government will hold
its third hybrid maize field day tomorrow at Logemo Farms, Coker Village,
Ikeja, The maize field planting exercise, which is jointly organised by the
Federal Department of Agriculture and Co-operatives, are test runs of hybrid
maize project in the state. The statement further said the field trials of
hybrid maize in the state have showed that the hybrid maize were superior to
the best available open pollinated variety in the state, [Text] [Lagos DAILY
TIMES in English 29 Jul 86 p 46] /9274

DOCUMENTATION OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINES-~Traditional medicines practitioners in
the country have now embarked on dodumentation of the African remedies for dif-
ferent types of ailments. Only those herbs already ‘tested over the years and
found «suitable for the treatment of certain diseases ‘are affected in the
documentation, The Public Relations Officer of the National Council of Tradi-
tional Medical Practitioners, Dr. Fola Awosika who made this known in Akure
yesterday said that the results would be translated into three main Nigerian
languages on completion, Dr, Awosika said traditional medical practitioners
have sent a joint letter to the Federal Government to send five orthodox medi-
cal practitioners and four pharmacists to serve in the traditional medical
board, to confirm that their findings were genuine, He called on both Federal
and State governments to grant only half of the money now being sent on Western
trained doctors to traditional practitioners, adding that they would perform
wonders,’ Dr. Awosika did not rule out the possibility of an existence of AIDS
in the country because of what he claimed as importation of blood banks from
foreign countries in the past. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 26 Jul
86 p 3] /9274

ENUGU STEEL COMPANY REHABILITATION--Arrangements have been completed to revamp
the Niger-Steel Company, Emene Enugu. The state commissioner for commerce and
industry, Mr Charles Iwobi, announced this to newsmen in Enugu on Thursday.

He stated that the state government would spend a total of N40m to make the
steel company viable, Mr Iwobi said that the rehabilitation of the industry
was a joint undertaking between the state and an Italian company, The company
he explained, has 20 percent equity share, On the allegation that some mem-
bers of the staff of the Nigersteel who were being owed salary arrears were
forced to give bribe to some officials of the ministry in order to get their
arrears, Commissioner Iwobi warned that any official of the ministry caught in
such practice would face the wrath of the state government. [Text] [Enugu
DAILY STAR in English 26 Jul 86 p 1} = /9274

RURAL FACILITIES SURVEY-~About -92 per cent rural dwellers do not have access
to pipe-borne water and electricity, according to household survey conducted

by the Federal Office of Statistics, Lagos between 1983 and 1984. The survey
indicated that 63 per cent of rural households obtained water from streams
while about 26 used wells. In urban areas, the report said, 69 per cent of the
dwellers had pipe-borne water while 17 per cent, wells and nine per cent got
water from streams, According to the survey, eight per cent of rural households

37