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JPRS 83985

27 July 1983

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2826

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JPRS 83985

27 July 1983

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No, 2826

CONTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

African Disappointment With UNCTAD Conference Reported

(Shada Islam; WEST AFRICA, 11 Jul 83)

Need To Establish All-Africa Liberation Army Discussed

(Rahman Mohammed Babu; AFRICA NOW, Jul 83)

BOTSWANA

Chinese Youth Delegation Visits Lobatse, Kanye

(Motshegetsi Masoba; DAILY NEWS, 23 Jun 83)

President Completes Tour of Northeast

(DAILY NEWS, 28 Jun 83)

Gaborone To Be Divided Into Two New Constituencies

(Mike Olivier; DAILY NEWS, 29 Jun 83) ..

Briefs

Economic Survey

CAMEROON

CHAD

Details on LNG Race With Nigeria Given

(AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL, 22 Jun 83) ... 9

Briefs

'Rigour' Budget 10

LE MONDE Reports on Developments in Chad

(Dominique Dhombres; LE MONDE, 10-11 Jul 83) 11

GUNT Chief of Staff Interviewed

(Bardai Chadian National Radio, 9 Jul 83) 13

- a - [HI - NE & A - 120]
Attitude of France One of Most Important Aspects of Crisis

(WEST AFRICA, No 3439, 11 Jun 83) 16

ETHIOPIA

GABON

GAMBIA

Weekly Wrap-Up of Non-English Press

(Kifle Djote; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 26 Jun 83) 19

French Cooperation Mission Doantes Military Equipment

(Ollo-Mombey; L' UNION, 8 Jun 83) 22

New Bimonthly Magazine Starts Publication

(Dukert Demeyo; L'UNION, 10 Jun 83) 23

Economic CLimate Still 'Difficult'

(WEST AFRICA, No 3439, 11 Jul 83) 24

GHANA

Briefs

GUINEA BISSAU

Police Harassment Curbed 25

French Flour Donation 25

President Weighs Results of 19th OAU Summit

(NO PINTCHA, 15 Jun 83) 26

LESOTHO

Official Returns From DPRK Journalists Meeting

(Maseru Domestic Service, 16 Jul 83) 30

Maseru Scores Johannesburg Paper on LLA

(Maseru Domestic Service, 15 Jul 83) 31

New Minister Comments on Political Situation

(Maseru Domestic Service, 15 Jul 83) 33

Johannesburg Comments on Lesotho Church-State Conflict

(Johannesburg International Service, 13 Jul 83) 34

UDP Leader Says SADF's Maseru Raid Justified

(Maseru Domestic Service, 11 Jul 83) 35

Commentary Reacts to Criticism of Foreign Policy

(Maseru Domestic Service, 29 Jun 83) 36

- b -
MADAGASCAR

Briefs

Agreement With France

French Jeeps

MOZAMBIQUE

SADCC To Break Dependence on Pretoria

(Maputo, 7 Jul 83)

Briefs

SADCC Summit

NAMIBIA

NIGERIA

Briefs

SOMALIA

38

38

Swiss Aid 38

MALAWI

Bank Cooperation With Zambia Praised

(Blantyre Domestic Service, 15 Jul 83) 39

40

Maputo Cites Zimbabwean Minister on Energy

(Maputo, 13 Jul 83) 42

Fertilizer Rotting at Nacala Port 43

Aid Sought as Famine Spreads 43

Financial Agreement With UK 44

Nelson Mandela Release Urged 44

East Timor Figure Arrives 45

45

SWA Lacks Control Over Expenditure, Says Report

(Tony Stirling; THE CITIZEN, 9 Jul 83) 46

Panel of Experts Reports on Economy

(Onyema Ugochukwu; WEST AFRICA, 11 Jun 83) 47

Abuse of FEDECO Hit 48

FEDECO Demands More Money 48

FEDECO in Court

Oyo Polling Booths

Benin Cement Price Disagreement

Chief Nwankwo Convicted 49

Agreement With Czechoslovakia 50

49

49

49

President Siad Meets Qat Eradication Committee

(HEEGAN, 1 Jul 83) 51

- c -
SOUTH AFRICA

Kangwane Chiefs Handling of Election Challenged

(RAND DAILY MAIL, 16 Jul 83) 52

Editor of THE STAR Comments on Freedom of Press

(Laura Yeatman; SAPA, 14 Jul 83) 53

Editorial Comments on Eagleburger, U.S. Policy

(Editorial; THE CITIZEN, 25 Jun 83) 54

Maputo Cites Interview With ANC Military Leader

(Maputo Domestic Service, 1 Jul 83) 56

Government Agrees to ILO Probe on Labor Complaints

(Anton Harber; RAND DAILY MAIL, 14 Jul 83) 57

University Joins Criticism of Constitution Bill

(Peter Sullivan; THE STAR, 14 Jul 83) 58

Johannesburg Lists Jonathan's Political Woes

(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 7 Jul 83) 60

SABRA Affair Reason to Rethink Reforms

(Editorial; THE STAR, 6 Jul 83) 62

Attempts To Evade Rikhoto Judgment Scored

(Editorial; RAND DAILY MAIL, 14 Jul 83) 63

Johannesburg Comments on Mofeli's Expulsion

(Johannesburg International Service, 13 Jul 83) 65

Southern Africa Development Bank Established

(SAPA, 30 Jun 83) 67

Afrikaans Students Show Signs of Tolerance

(Chris Friemond, Helene Zampetakis; RAND DAILY MAIL,

12 Jul 83) 69

Piet Koornhof Comments on Landmark Rikhoto Judgment

(Umtata Capital Radio, 1 Jul 83) 71

Parties Accused of Furthering RSA Interests

(Maseru Domestic Service, 8 Jul 83) 72

Paper Criticizes Radio Commentary on Lesotho

(Editorial; THE STAR, 8 Jul 83) 73

Student Group Opposes Constitution Plan

(SAPA, 7 Jul 83) 74

- d -
First Indian NIC Executive Meeting in 15 Years

(Umtata Capital Radio, 1 Jul 83) 75

Paper Questions Harsh Response to Terrorism

(Editorial; THE STAR, 29 Jun 83) 76

Government Policy Creates Black Housing Crisis

(SAPA, 11 Jul 83) 77

Government Begins Housing Sales to Blacks

(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 1 Jul 83) 79

Roles of Black Farmers, U.S. Firms Discussed

(SAPA, 7 Jul 83) 80

Briefs

Federal System Suggested 81

'Greater South Africa' 81

Labor Liaison Officials 81

Urban Residence for Blacks 82

Parliamentary Debates 82

Government News Curbs 82

Homelands Welcome Housing Financing 82

Railway Line Bids Invited 83

Gazakulu Homeland Elections Scheduled 83

Thaba Nchu Area Transfer Delayed 83

MASA Report on Detainees 83

Anti-Terrorist Fund 84

SWAZILAND

ZAIRE

ANC Exile Mission Effectively Eliminated

(Patrick Bulger; THE STAR, 30 Jun 83) 85

Amnesty Law Adopted, Seen as Proof of Democracy

(ELIMA, various dates) 87

Law Provides General Amnesty

Text Published

AZAP Praises Law

ZAMBIA

Briefs

Uniformed Bandits Hijack Trucks 94

European Tourists Still Missing 94

Barter Operation Protocols Suspended 94

Holiday Ban Remains 95

- e -
ZIMBABWE

Johannesburg Says Oppression in Zimbabwe Increasing

(Johannesburg International Service, 18 Jul 83) 96

Mugabe Stresses Determination for Unity

(Harare Domestic Service, 3 Jul 83) 97

Briefs

Influx of Refugees Predicted 98

Beef Agreement With Britain 98

- f -
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

AFRICAN DISAPPOINTMENT WITH UNCTAD CONFERENCE REPORTED

London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Jul 83 p 1593

[Article by Shada Islam]

[Text] Shada Islam reports from the Yugoslav capital on the frustrations and

disappointment felt by African and third world delegates at the conclusion of

the four-week conference.

VERY FEW wear}' negotiators who

attended the Sixth United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

(UNCTAD VI) in Belgrade, Yugoslavia

last month went home with any sense of

accomplishment.

For most — especially the discontented

African diplomats who had very little to

show for the four weeks they spent at the

gigantic Sava Centre in Belgrade — the

discussion on trade and aid issues in

Belgrade were particularly frustrating.

Third World demands for changes in world

economic structures were rejected as "too

ambitious and unrealistic'' by most western

delegates. Instead, the industrialised nations made vague commitments to fighting

protectionism and increasing aid flows to

the countries of "the South". "Our sense

of helplessness is greater than ever before," said one West African diplomat at

the end of the month long session. Even

the very mild final statement warning

industrialised countries that "the reactivation of the growth process in the developing countries will not come about merely

from the trickle-down effect of growth

developed countries." was denounced as

"too negative, one-sided and in places too

ideological to be acceptable." by the

United States representative.

The final statement was expected to be

issued as a more ambitious "Belgrade

Declaration" until it became clear that" "the

North" did not agree with the views being

voiced by the Third World spokesman on

economic affairs, Mr. Kenneth Dadzie.

Delegates then opted for a simple statement which was finally adopted bv "consensus", with the United States dissociaing itself from the views expressed bv other

delegates. Britain, West Germany and

Japan echoed similar reservations but decided to back the statement in a "spirit of

compromise".

The very modest results of the conference were denounced by all Third World

delegates, with the spokesman for the

Third World group. Mr. Abdillahi Said

Osman (from Somalia) warning that "the

conference had failed to live up to the

expectations reposed on it by the world

community". He pointed out"grimly that

UNCTAD had "missed a historic opportunity to contribute meaningfully to world

development and recovery. The responsibility for this," he continued, "rested

squarely with the developed countries."

Mr. Osman also explained why the developing countries who had come to Belgrade with a wide-ranging list of demands

finally accepted the very, meagre offer

drawn up by the industrialised countries.

The compromise had been accepted, he

said, in the cause of "international cooperation which could not suffer another

setback". The Third World had decided to

adopt whatever emerged from UNCTAD

and build on this basis both within

UNCTAD and in other available fora.

These brave words could not, however,

mask the very real frustration of most

Third World delegates who went into the

negotiations with hopes of seeing some real
changes in the "the North's" approach to

world trade and aid problems. The industrialised nations, however, refused to

budge from their very conservative analysis

of the international economic situation

already reflected in the statement issued

after their recent meeting in Williamsburg.

In other words, they stressed that economic recovery was "firmly on the way" and

not just showing "tentative signs" as suggested by the Third World. And, they

warned, recovery could not be helped

along by eliminating protectionist barriers.

These would fall "automatically" once

Western economies returned to their precrisis performance levels.

Third World countries argued that signs

of recovery currently visible in the West

were still too faint to be considered permanent. They warned that economic activity

could be endangered by high tariff barriers

which prevented their exports from entering the industrialised markets. "The brunt

of the crises had fallen most heavily on

developing countries, particularly the least

developed states, most of which are located in -Africa," said one developing

country spokesman. But. the industrialised

nations appeared to be too engrossed in

their ideological arguments to hear their

pleas for help.

Most of the wrangling in Belgrade focussed on the working of the final text on trade

issued by the conference. Frustrated African diplomats pointed out that the trade

issues being discussed were of marginal

interest to African countries "who did not

trade in manufactures". Most African delegates watched from the sidelines as the

Latin American and Asian countries

;argued in favour of a "rollback" in Western protectionism and finally, under pressure from "moderates" within their group

accepted a compromise formula which

urges Western nations to "strictly adhere

to the standstill provisions they had

accepted in particular concerning imports

from developing countries."

Only meagre progress was made on the

aid and commodities questions of specific

interest to African nations attending the

conference. The meeting did little more

than reconfirm an earlier Western commitment to give 0.7 per cent of GNP as aid to

the developing countries by 1985. The

conference also recognised that aid flows

to the least developed states should be

doubled by 1985 and that the 0.15 per cent

of GNP as aid to the LDCs should be

met by 1985 •'or as soon as possible

thereafter". The United States which has

not accepted the target refused to do so at

the meeting in spite of pressure from other

Western countries.

Similar resistance to Third World demands for a Western commitment to increasing the resources of the World Bank's

soft loan wing, the International Development Agency, was shown by delegates.

There is agreement, however, on the need

to study "the scope for an expansion by

five per cent in real terms" of the World

Bank's lending programme for 1985.

The explosive question of Third World

debt was dealt with almost peremptorily by

Western delegates. The industrialised nations refused to consider Third World

pleas for generalised debt relief but promised to "respond positively"-to requests

from individual Least Developed Countries for an alleviation of their debt burden

resulting from official loans.

African delegates were also angry at the

way in which their demands for commodity

stabilisation measures were handled. The

meeting urged all countries to ratify The

Common Fund as quickly as possible but

failed to take any stand on African demands for the setting up of a new facility to

finance Third World export earning shortfalls. The European Community, which had

announced that it would extend its special

system for the stabilisation of ACP export

^earnings to other Least Developed states,

had to take back its words once it became

clear that West Germany and Britain

opposed such a move.

African frustration at the contents of the

final package turned to fury during the

final hours of the marathon. A number of

diplomats stressed that the final statement

should contain a specific reference to

Africa as "the Least Developed Continent". When this was refused in the name

of "Third World solidarity" by other Third

World countries, some African diplomats

called for a walkout, or failing that a

separate African statement of disappointment at the end of the meeting. In the end,

however, most African countries rallied to

Said Osman's call for unity and solidarity.

But, they did so with regret and misgiving.

CSO: 3400/1654
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

NEED TO ESTABLISH ALL-AFRICA LIBERATION ARMY DISCUSSED

London AFRICA NOW in English Jul 83 pp 47-48

[Article by Rahman Mohammed Babu: "Africa and the Nuclear Bomb"]

[Text] In his farewell speech at the 19th OAU

Summit in Addis Ababa the outgoing

secretary-general is reported to have

appealed to the Heads of State and

Government for the development of

nuclear armament in Africa in order to

counter South Africa's nuclear threat.

Some may dismiss this as mere rhetorical

balderdash, especially when it is realised

that the OAU is the least qualified agent for

such a task since it has no state power

necessary for such a gigantic project.

Secondly, he did not address his appeal to

any particular government or governments

who might have the capacity for such an

undertaking.

Others may interpret his call as the

desperate cry' in the wilderness of a

frustrated intellectual divorced from the

realities of the concrete world of advanced

technology and superpowers. Yet how

many in Africa will share his sentiment if

only because it is a necessary subject about

which to talk and a necessary deterrent to

the powers-that-be who take Africa's

weakness too much for granted?

But a more pertinent question is not,

whether Africa can or cannot develop its

own nuclear capability or under what

agency it should be carried out. We have

quite a respectable number of nuclear

physicists already engaged in some exciting

nuclear experiments and it should not be

difficult to multiply them a hundredfold in

a few years through intensive training. We

also have enough material and financial

resources (if we do away with luxury

spending) which can be mobilised for the

purpose. The interesting question is: Do we

need nuclear capability to counter South

Africa's intransigence? The answer depends

on what type of struggle we think is

necessary for the elimination of South

Africa's racist menace.

There are two ways to confront South

Africa. One is by forming an All-African

Army comprising professional military

elements from every African country; or by

recruiting volunteers from among the

millions of our angry youth from all over

Africa and training them into an Army of

Liberation which would march South and

overwhelm the enemy; or by a combination

of both the existing professionals and

volunters to be paid for by a special fund

I contributed by all African countries. This is

I frontal confrontation.

The other way is through guerrilla armed

struggle conceived by South Africans,

manned by South Africans, led and

directed by South Africans themselves. This

second type will be initiated and fought

from within the country itself, with military

action mostly in the rural areas, and

political and economic struggle (sabotage,

strikes, etc) in the urban areas.

The first kind of confrontation is the

conventional way in which states either

declare war against each other or send

mercenaries to fight their wars for them. In

this situation every country involved is a

legitimate target. Here, the bigger the firepower the better the chances of winning the

war. Nuclear power being the ultimate in

fire-power it is natural for every potentially

; warring state to aspire for more of it in

i order to be in a position to undermine its

! potential enemy. The South African racists

! envisage the outcome of their confrontation

' with the rest of Africa to be of this type.

Hence their quest for nuclear superiority in

Africa.

South African revolutionaries, however,

view their struggle from the point of view of

the second type of war: guerrilla armed

struggle. In this type of war, the lighter and

simpler the military equipment the greater

the mobility and better the chances of

victory. This type of war depends on the
morale, ingenuity, training, resilience and

perseverence of the guerrilla rather than

simply on his fire-power. Nowhere was this

fact proved more resoundingly than in the

Vietnam struggles of the 1950s and 1960s.

The Vietnamese guerrillas were confronted

with the most advanced and overwhelming

French and us fire-power against which

they pitted their simple rifles and submachine guns. Yet the French and us

military might was eventually and

ignominiously defeated and the Vietnamese

people triumphed.

This type of war, moreover, is fought, as

it were, in the womb of the monster; it is

fought within the country and nuclear

strength becomes useless under the

circumstances. The guerrilla is at once

everywhere and nowhere. He sees you but

you cannot see him or her. Qf the 20m

Africans in South Africa at least one-third

are potential recruits in the guerrilla army.

This is the most dynamic atomic and

hydrogen energy the masses have in their

possession. What Africa can do is to supply

them with arms and they will do the

delivering themselves. In the meantime,

liberation leaders must concentrate in

giving these young revolutionaries intensive

training not only in the military field but in

political organisation, mobilisation and in

leadership.

Such trained cadres must not be wasted

in blowing up police depots and in dying

uselessly on the gallows. A guerrilla is first

and foremost a leader of his or her people,

unlike any other fighting cadre. One

guerrilla's life is worth one hundred enemy

soldiers and must not be wasted in

spectacular but essentially counterproductive actions.

A guerrilla is trained to lead a military !

assault, an industrial strike action as well as

a peasant revolt. He is trained to educate

the people politically: to be a champion of

their cause — any cause as long as it is not

against the general interest of the people.

He is trained to analyse the situation clearly

in a concrete way and to synthesise the

divergent appraisals by the people of the

realities that confront them and to

articulate those divergent views in a

systematic and well-defined world outlook

consistent with the revolutionary needs of

the people. A guerrilla is a special asset of

the people. That is why he is worth more

than a hundred soldiers.

The outgoing secretary-general's final

appeal would have been more to the point if

he had called on the liberation fighters to

step up their vigilance, intensify the training

of the cadres, learn to persevere in the

struggle till final victory; and he should

have appealed to his bosses to stop

quibbling over petty issues or non-issues

such as the artificial borders which none of

the young generation of rising Africa

recognise anyway. The young African

regards the borders as the one single

obstacle that keeps Africa prehistoric and

weak. The secretary-general, alas, was more

preoccupied with nuclear ambitions.

This does not mean that Africa should

ignore the nuclear potential in our future

industrial and agricultural modernisation.

It does mean, though, that nuclear

armament is out of the question and it will

be sheer madness to embark on those kinds

of project.

Our struggle as independent states is to

advance our industry and agriculture in

order to serve the immediate needs of the

people. Nobody in this modern world can

reoccupy Africa as in the old days. For one

thing it is not necessary. Neo-colonialism

has different ways of colonising us and at

less cost. For another, it is impossible to

occupy an unwilling people in this day and

age. The danger is internal, not external.

Unless the people are well-fed, well-clothed

and well-housed there is always the danger

of atomic explosion from within. This is

what Africa should address itself to as a

matter of urgency •

CSO: 3400/1654

h
CHINESE YOUTH DELEGATION VISITS LOBATSE, KANYE

Gaborone DAILY NEWS in English 23 Jun 83 p 2

[Article by Motshegetsi Masoba]

BOTSWANA

[Text] GABORONE, JUNE 15: The

Chinese Communist Party Youth

delegation which is currently

visiting Botswana as guests of

the ruling Botswana Democratic

Party yesterday visited Lobatse

and Kanye.

At Lobatse, the delegation had

a short stop-over at the Lobatse

Secondary School to greet

students and teachers. They then

went to the Botswana Meat

Commission where the Chinese

visitors were warmly received by

the Chairman, Mr T. Madisa.

The delegation was then

guided on a tour of the BMC

complex by the Acting Works

Manager, Mr W. Beerhalter. After

the tour, the Assistant Minister

of Agriculture Mr G.U.S.

Matlhabaphiri presented the

delegation with a memento of

long polished horns joined

together by a leather strap with a

"BMC" engravement.

In presenting the horns, Mr

Matlhabaphiri, who was also

accompanying the delegation on

the trip, noted that the cattle

industry was one of the back

bones of Botswana's economy.

The horns were received by

the leader of the delegation, Mr

He, who is also the Vice President

of theAII-China Youth Federation

and Secretary of the Secretariat

forthe Central Com mittee of the

Chinese Communist Youth

League.

Mr He said the horns would be

placed at the reception to the

headquarters of the Youth wing

of the Chinese Communist Party

;in Peking. |

The visiting delegation then

proceeded to Kanye where they

toured the premises of the Rural

Industries Innovation Centre

(RIIC). At Kanye, the Chinese

delegation was greeted by

jubilant members of the BDP.

They were led in their tour of

the RIIC by the General Manager,

Mr K. Moremi, who took them to

carpentry workshops, windmill

test sites and showed them many

creations like biogas digesters,

solar water disalinators, ovens

and the tannery.

The most interesting section,

as most of them indicated was

the tannery, where the man in

charge, Mr R.G. Kgasa explained

how leather was treated in

solutions made of water mixed

with powders from local trees j

' like Mogonono, Serogabaloi,

Motsitsane, Seswagadi and

Monyena.

The delegation was later led to

a complex of new BDP offices in

the village and introduced there

to members and councillors of

the BDP.

The delegation also comprises

Mr Zhou, the Deputy Head of the

General Office of the All-China

Youth Federation, Mr Yuan, the

Deputy Head of the Research

Group of Political Economy in

the League School under the

CYL committee and Mr Zhang,

the Staff of the international

Liaison Department of the CYL

Central Committee and English

Interpreter.

CSO: 3400/1622a
BOTSWANA

PRESIDENT COMPLETES TOUR OF NORTHEAST

Gaborone DAILY NEWS in English 28 Jun 83 p 1

[Text] FRANCISTOWN, JUNE 27: The President, Dr Q.K.J. Masire completed his tour of north-eastern

Botswana, reassured that the people's "unity of purpose" and "sense of self reliance" would see them

through the present economic difficulties currently facing the country. I

Speaking at a public meeting here before his departure for Gaborone yesterday Dr Masire noted that

despite the adverse effects that the current drought was having in humans and livestock, the people of

the North East "still hold their heads high, doing everything to cope with the situation."

Dr Masire pointed out that

while the Government was

carrying over to this year, the

drought relief programme, "what

is important is that the

Government and people of

Botswana, are not wholly

dependent on foreign assistance

in this regard; they are doing

much more to be self-reliant."

This spirit of self-help was well

pronounced in all the villages

that he visited in the District, he

said.

"Throughout my tour, I was

warmly received by the people

of the District and impressed by

their appreciation of Government's effortto alleviate their

situation."

The President also spoke on a

number of issues of direct interest

to the people of Francistown.

For example, he disclosed that

consideration was being given

to the establishment of another

hospital in here.

"It will be the biggest hospital

in the country with 360 beds and

35 doctors," he said.

The hospital would be used as

a referral hospital for all cases in

the northern part of Botswana,

explained the President.

"Its construction costs are

estimated at P24 million,

excluding P12 million for

equipment.

CSO: 3400/1622a

"Actual construction work is

expected to start early next year,

all other things being equal," he

added.

Dr Masire pointed out that it

should be clear that this town

had everything going for the

better when Selebi-Phikwe was

experiencing an investment

problem and Gaborone and

Lobatse, eater shortage.

He shared the people's feelings

that the problems of SelebiPhikwe were of national concern

and that their solution may

require sacrifices on the part of

the nation.

"Let us hope, however, that

when that time comes, the

sacrifices will be shared

equitably."

Dr Masire also disclosed that a

nucleus of the Railway

Headquarters has been started

in Francistown since 1981/2.

At present, the number of

personnel is about 30 officials,

he said.

"The personnel and

commercial disciplines of the

railway in Botswana are now

controlled from these headquarters. With the increasing

activity of the railway take over

project, additional department

offices will have to be added to

the existing organisation," he

said.

The President explained that

as requirements of trained

manpower for running the

Railway in Botswana would

require greater localisation, it

was proposed to centralise

training in different disciplines

in the existing Headquarters

complex in Francistown.

Dr Masire also reiterated his

announcement of August 1980,

that a northern abattoir would

be located in this town.

"This decision still stands,

subject to any review, considered

to be in the national interest."

Earlier the President described

his visit to the North East District

as "part of a democratic process"

of consulting the people

regarding their daily problems

and aspirations.

"This should be expected in a

country running a representative

democracy like we do.

"A representative must be

constantly in touch with the

people he represents, otherwise

it would be difficult for him to

project their point of view and to

safeguard their interests."

Dr Masire said as President,

the whole country was his

constituency which he had to

visit whenever circumstances

permitted.

He thought it proper to meet

the residents of Francistown

because the town hosts the

headquarters of the North East

District. BOPA
BOTSWANA

GABORONE TO BE DIVIDED INTO TWO NEW CONSTITUENCIES

Gaborone DAILY NEWS in English 29 Jun 83 p 1

[Article by Mike Olivier]

[Text] GABORONE, JUNE 25: The Vice

President and Ministerof Finance

and Development Planning, Mr

Peter Mmusi, has disclosed that

Gaborone was to be divided into

two new constituencies,

Gaborone South and Gaborone

North. He added, however, that,

the boundaries of the new

constituencies had not yet been

decided.

Mr Mmusi who was officially

opening a BDP seminar at the

Thebe Primary School in

Gaborone, pointed out that

because of the new constituencies, it would be necessary

to draw up a new up-dated roll.

He therefore urged people to

registerthemselves especially as

the elections were drawing near.

He urged in particularthose who

had turned 21 recently and would

be voting for the first time.

TheVice President pointed out

that Councillors and MPs once

elected, in a democratic state,

were not expected to remain in

those positions for life.

He said a selection committee

should look at the record of the

incumbent and if they felt

someone could do a better job,

should have no hesitation in

nominating him or her for the

post.

Minister Mmusi said such

seminars should be held

regularly for party members to

acquaint themselves with party

policies and objectives.

He said it was not only the

President and ministers who

made laws or decisions, but all

BDP members should participate

in policy- and decision making

through meetings where MPs.

Councillors and Members

consulted and discussed issues.

The BDPwas holding two other

seminars in Gaborone this

weekend, the others are at

Broadhurst and the YWCA. The

siminar at the Thebe Primary

School is being attended by over

100 BDP members from

Bontleng, Extension Two, Old

Naledi and White city.

The Vice President was

welcomed to the seminar by

Councillor LG. Mokgobelelo and

Councillor Gaborone gave aVote

of thanks.

CSO: 3400/1622a
BOTSWANA

BRIEFS

ECONOMIC SURVEY—Tutume, June 9: A survey is to be conducted here, on information on economic production. It is to be conducted by the Tutume Rural

Industrial Office, with the help of the Institute of Adult Education as well

as students from the University of Botswana and extension workers. The survey will cover several areas of the North Central District and will commence

on June the 20th. It will cover the Bokalaka, Nata, Gweta, Lephasha and

Tonota areas and it is scheduled to end on the 31st of July. The aims and

objectives of the survey are to find the extent and nature of non-farming

production activities; to explore possible areas of production that can generate income; to find out the producers' level of skills so that in future,

proper organised technical and managerial skills can be provided; to explore

raw materials and constrains faced by producers and to look for possible substitutes available. The Rural Industrial Officer Mr H. Bernard told BOPA

that the survey would serve as a basic essential tool to help directing financial, training, marketing and organisation in the rural industrialisation

programme. He explained that the survey was not only planned to cover the

craft section but also sections like garment production, metal works, carpentry, building materials as well as a host of other activities in which the

Rural Industrial Officer to direct and concetrate his activities to the area.

He further noted that the findings would also serve in basic information for

extension workers to help better direction assistance. The Rural Industrial

Officer further noted that the National Development Plan five emphasised

the need for first priority to be given to rural industrialisation programmes

and its twin goals, employment creation and income generation. [Text]

[Gaborone DAILY NEWS in English 16 Jun 83 p 1]

CSO: 3400/1622a
CAMEROON

DETAILS ON LNG RACE WITH NIGERIA GIVEN

London AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL in English 22 Jun 83 p 7

[Text]

LNG CONNECTIONS. President Francois Mitterrand probably brought some good news to President Paul Biya

during his 20-21 June state visit to Cameroun: France has decided

to throw its weight behind the US$4-5bn Kribi liquefied natural

gas scheme. Construction work could begin by mid-1984, with

the first LNG shipments reaching Western Europe by 1990.

Cameroun may now beat Nigeria in the race to become subSaharan Africa's first LNG producer.

A final decision on Kribi, was put off last summer when the

French consultant, Frantab, an affiliate of the Institute Francois

du Pitrole (IFP), reported that officially-proven recoverable reserves were not as large as originally reckoned: until mid-1982 it

was common to hear in industry circles the figure of 200bn cubic

metres. Franlab trimmed this by about half, of which 70-75bn

cubic metres was estimated to be in the northern Rio del Rey

region held by the French state-controlled oil group, Elf Aquitaine, and Sheirs US subsidiary Pecten. The southern concessions

offshore of Kribi belonging to Mobil and the second French

national oil group, Compagnie Francaise du Pitrole (CFP-Total),,

were said by Franlab to contain only 25-30bn cubic metres. We

understand that these figures were the most pessimistic advanced

by Franlab. Reserves currently certified are well over the lOObn

cubic metres referred to by Franlab.

Over the past six months high-level meetings have been held

between Camerounian authorities and interested oil companies

and public utilities to discuss questions of price, indexation

formulas, production levels, finance and fiscal legislation. Most

basic points of principle have already been settled, though some

technical questions remain unresolved. Samuel Libock, chief

executive of Cameroun's state oil company, Sociite Nationale

des Hydrocarbures (SNH), was in Paris at the end of May to put

the final touches on an agreement with the French.

A study group was set up a few years back under the name of

Societe d'Etudes du Gaz de Cameroun (SEGAZCAM) to bring

the scheme to fruition: Elf, CFP-Total, Mobil, Pecten and SNH

each have a 20% equity holding. Negotiations for a consortium

to exploit the gas have been tough. In particular, we understand

that Cameroun is intent on raising its equity share to between

25% and 30% and would like one of-the four western groups to

drop out. So far, all have indicated their wish to stay. Agip of

Italy has even knocked on the door., And three of western

Europe's largest public utilities, Gaz de France, Ruhrgas of West

Germany and Italy's SNAM have established a consortium to bid

for Kribi gas. A final agreement is not expected to be signed for

LNG purchases before 1984 or even 1985.

The Kribi complex is to be designed for an "export capacity of

5bn cubic .metres a year, giving Kribi a productive life of at least

18 years. New reserves will probably be discovered so that the

Kribi plant will be able to function for close to 30 years.

France's Technip is to supply the liquefaction unit, a contract

it snatched from under the nose of Air Products of the US. A

plethora of contracts are up for grabs. Not surprisingly the

Camerounians appear to be asking western countries for soft

credit. A group of French banks are to make about USSSOOm

available to back France's participation. Citibank will probably

mobilise US financial sources for US industrial participation.

The final price tag is liable to be way over USS4-5bn. Cameroun

wants to make Kribi the centre-piece for regional development in

the disinherited southern part of the country. A major port

facility is to be built to export the region's substantial tropical

hardwood resources, and eventually iron ore.

Mitterrand will be seeking to reap as many political dividends

from the "special conditions" which his administration is about

to grant Cameroun for its LNG. Over the past year, there has

been grumbling in sub-Saharan francophone countries that Paris

gave a "political" price to Algeria for its LNG but had yet to

make a similar gesture to one of them •

CSO: 3400/1592
CAMEROON

BRIEFS

'RIGOUR' BUDGET—President Paul Biya of the Cameroon has presented to the national assembly a budget of 520,000m. CFA francs ($1.37bn.) for the 1983/84

year. The proposed increased in expenditure over the 1982/83 year is 26.8

per cent. Remarkably, the entire expenditure will be financed through domestic sources, officials said, and without the imposition of additional taxes.

The recurrent budget takes 326,000m. CFA francs ($858.6m.), while 194,000m.

CFA francs ($511m.) will be devoted to capital investment. President Biya

said that "Realism, rigour and continuity constitute the three main characteristics" of the budget. He said that it was through "rigorous management

of public finances and the public sector's harnessing of the principal factors of economic activities" that Cameroon was able to maintain its GNP

growth rate for the 1981/82 year at 20 per cent (reduced by a 13.5 per cent

inflation rate to 5.5 per cent in real terms). The GNP should increase by

19.3 per cent, to 2,430,000m. CFA francs ($6,400m.) in the current financial

year, and by 19.8 per cent to 2,911,000m. CFA francs ($7,677m.) in the 1983/84

year. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English 4 Jul 83 p 1567]

CSO: 3400/1592

10
CHAD

LE MONDE REPORTS ON DEVELOPMENTS IN CHAD

PM110910 Paris LE MONDE in French 10-11 Jul 83 pp 1, 3

[Dominique Dhombres dispatch: "Röut in Chad"]

[Excerpts] Ndjamena—In the air-conditioned room of a restaurant in the

capital the French ambassador dined, as if nothing was happening, with the

health minister and the chairman of the National Consultative Council—the

embryonic parliament set up by President Hissein Habre. The Chadian guests

were putting on a good front. "We know how to conceal our anxiety here,

but it may be because we are beyond panic. We have seen so many things!" a

priest who has lived in the country for a long time said with a sigh. A

little latter the French ambassador's guests were alone again, looking out

over magnificent scenery on a terrace overlooking the Chari River. They

ordered champagne. As they were with a foreigner they tried to look relaxed, and even happy, but their hearts were not in it.

According to an eye-uitness who had come from Abeche—the main city in the

eastern part of the country—Mr Habre's troops began to leave the city in a

disorderly way on Friday 8 July in the afternoon. The soldiers piled into

trucks, taking with them their families and numerous packages. However no

artillery fire or even fire from light weapons was perceptible.

Real panic seized the regular troops at the announcement of the forthcoming

arrival of former President Goukouni Queddei's forces, supported by Libya

and served by impressive logistics. The city of Biltine, north of Abeche, is

apparently already in rebel hands. The fall of Abeche, which could take place

without any fighting, owing to the government forces' disorganization, seemed

imminent this Saturday morning.

That would be a very bitter blow and perhaps the beginning of the end of Mr

Habre's government. France was probably a little late in reacting to the

Chadian president's distress calls. The rout of the regular forces can be

explained by the enemy artillery's firepower. Soldiers with only light

weapons were heading for a massacre and they knew it. After the disastrous

experiences of Faya—Largeau and Oum-Chalouba, they preferred not to repeat

the operation.

11
Nonetheless a Chadian armed forces plane landed in Abeche late Friday morning

after going to fetch around 100 men from Sarh in the extreme south of the

country. What can be achieved by these llth-hour soldiers with fairly rudimentary equipment who have come to help a fleeing garrison?

The situation in Ndjamena is now fairly precarious. Plans to evacuate French

nationals have been drawn up. In case of need ; paratroopers could be sent

from the bases which France has in the Central African Republic. A floating

bridge could thus be set up in several hours to enable the crossing of the

Chari River which separates Ndjema from the border city of Kousseri in

Cameroon. Zodiac inflatable boats would also be sent to monitor the operation and to fish out adventurous people who might try to swim across. The

Cameroon authorities, for their part, have begun to make preparations to face

a possible influx of refugees.

Rumors spread quickly in Mdjamena. The existence of evacuation plans for

foreign nationals is beginning to become known. On the other hand, possibly

out of pride, the inhabitants are reporting "fierce fighting" in Abeche,

which only exists in their imagination.

The regular forces are trying to regroup in the cities closest to Ndjamena,

El Ati and Moussoro. These are the last barriers to the east and north of

the road to the capital. This shortening of strategic lines might finally

make it possible to use the equipment sent by France which has mainly remained in Ndjamena for lack of logistical means: but the essential problem

is now that of the morale of President Hissein Habre's troops.

CSO: 3419/1051

12
CHAD

GUNT CHIEF OF STAFF INTERVIEWED

AB111025 (Clandestine) Bardai Chadian National Radio in French 1800 GMT

9 Jul 83

[Interview with the chief of staff of the National Liberation Army—name of

chief of staff not given-—date and place not given—recorded]

[Text] [Reporter] Comrade General, after Gouro and Ounianga, the National

Liberation [NLA] is now in Faya. What do these (?victories) represent?

[Chief of Staff] The capture of Faya by the NLA is indeed a major event.

But this victory, the first offensive launched by our army, is only the

first phase of our mission—the liberation of the Chadian homeland. In terms

of military achievement, Faya is a major starting point. It is a strategic

point for us because it is a strategic zone of African and even international

importance. With Faya, we have a greater freedom of movement in our progress

toward our objective, that is, the liberation of the south, a less difficult

region as the landscape does not present many difficulties to our organization.

[Reporter] The malicious propaganda of the imperialist and reactionary forces

all over the works speaks of Libyan aerial support and so on. What do you

think about this?

[Chief of Staff] Of course, I think that this campaign, orchestrated by those

who want support for the imperialism established in Ndjamena, cannot deceive

anyone. What we want to say is that we have received logistic support from

Libya» This means that we have received materiel with which to equip Chadtans. The materiel is used by Chadians who are now familiar with its use.

At present, anyone can come to inspect our units, to assess the so-called

support.

On the day of the attack on Faya, surprisingly enough, members of the world

voluntary medical team [Doctors Without Borders], including an American and

delegates from brotherly countries, were present, and these witnesses can

say whether they saw a single plane over Faya onuthat day. They are in a

position to tell the whole world if we used a single plane or a soldier from

among the so-called Libyan troops.

13
We cannot deny that our equipment was supplied by the Libyan revolution and

that the equipment is being used by Chadians. I want to seize this opportunity again to reiterate my gratitude and thanks to the Libyan revolution which

made it possible for us to carry out this operation. But, however important

our materiel, our efficiency is essentially due to the determination of the

men who are using the materiel, the NLA soldiers. Neither verbal threats nor

any blackmail will stop them.

[Reporter] On the whole, the NLA appears to be like a great war machine.

[Chief of Staff] As I said earlier, heroism does not come with age. As you

can notice yourself, since (?Ounianga) we have not given up an inch of the

territory captured. Following our first offensive, it is (?obvious) that the

NLA wants to carry out its operations in an efficient and well-coordinated

way. The number of prisoners and the people we captured wandering around

Faya, as well as the quantity of equipment seized from the enemy, are sufficient proof that though it is not a good war machine, it is at least a

serious threat against imperialism.

[Reporter] As a matter of fact, you took many prisoners. Some time ago the

figure announced was 1,500 men. This figure must have gone up by now. In

fact, it is half the strength of the FAN that was captured?

[Chief of Staff] Well, you see my younger brother Idris Kebin, we do not

have details on the FAN. However, the thing I am certain about is that the

soldiers we captured, whether at Gouro, Ounianga, or here, are people we already knew to be somewhat disillusioned. Among them there are some who had

to go to the front or face a death sentence. The same practice must be going

on in other parts of Chad. They make the children—our children, our masses—

go to war. So it is difficult to say exactly how many men the FAN will employ in future battles.

[Reporter] France is reported to be sending military equipment to Ndjamena.

[Chief of Staff] I think—and you know better than I—that the imperialist,

fascist cartel does not want justice to prevail in Chad. I am, therefore, not

surprised by the fact that one link of that imperialism—namely the Mitterrand

government^—should give assistance to Hissein Habren, who is his protege.

I cannot assess the extent of the assistance, but I learned like you on the

radio that considerable assistance has been sent to Ndjamena. I am waiting

to see the equipment in the battle. In any case, it is no longer a threat to

the NLA.

[Reporter] Do you have a message for the disillusioned ones still in the ranks

of the national annihilation forces?

[Chief of Staff] Yes, as a piece of advice—in fact it is not a message, but

a piece of advice—^1 will say that they have been able to assess the determination of the NLA. They have been able to assess their (?fanaticism);

they have been able to assess their determination. So those elements who

took part directly or indirectly in the fighting should no longer allow

111
themselves to be taken in because, no matter what, we will no longer let

sentiments affect us. We want the liberation of Chad and there will be no

complacency in our mission.

[Reporter] What message do you have for the NLA elements?

[Chief of Staff] I will first tell those in the center to get ready because

from Faya I will find it easy to get in touch with them in order to achieve

the much needed linkup necessary for us to set up a more coherent entity

which will enable us to carry out our mission of liberation together. We

urge them to be a bit more courageous and patient, for in the next few days,

I think that I will make decisive contacts with them; and I call on them to

entertain hope, for in the next few days, we will demonstrate that a linkup

is possible; they will see this themselves. We are sparing no effort to

carry out that linkup soon. We ask them to continue with their guerrilla

efforts so that the linkup will be made possible.

CSO: 3419/1051

15
CHAD

ATTITUDE OF FRANCE ONE OF MOST IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF CRISIS

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3439, 11 Jim 83 p 1591

[Text]

IT IS WITH a grim weariness that one returns to the

matter of Chad. For years this hapless republic has

seemed to be a "loser" country, doomed by its own

artificiality and too-profound contradictions to be able to

establish a modicum of national unity or central administration to serve as a basis for a development effort in one

of the poorest areas of the world. Now, once again, it is

relentlessly capturing the headlines, because of the new

successes of the forces of Goukhouni Weddeye, with

apparent heavy backing from Libya, in extending their

control over much of northern Chad (see page 1630).

When Hissen Habre"s forces marched into N'Djamena

on June 7 last year, it seemed as if there might be a chancefor a new deal in Chad. But the manner of his coming to

power — on the backs of assistance from Sudan, Egypt

and the USA. who tend to see Chad not in terms of what

is best for the Chadian people, but how best they may use

it to counter the arch-enemy Gaddafi — left a bad taste.

Partisans of Habre felt that, as the toughest and most

intelligent of the Chadian leaders, he had the best chance

of success. His critics, however, pointed to his bloodstained ruthlessness, observing that what Chad needed,

given its extreme diversity, was reconciliation, and Habre

was the last person to provide it. On the other hand, the

GUNT (Transitional Government of National Unity) of

Goukhouni seemed such a mess that it almost looked'as if

Chad had no alternative.

What is astonishing is the way in which the conflict in

Chad remains personalised as a power struggle between

Goukhouni and Habre. It was the fact of this vendetta

which caused Claude Cheysson, the French Foreign

Minister, to refer disparagingly to the conflict in Chad as a

guerre des chefs. Although, owing to the vacuum, there is

a tendency for great powers to be sucked in, and it can

easily and superfically be presented as a new cold war

conflict in the third world (there may even be some people

in Washington who sincerely believe that Habre is a

pro-Western "good guy"), there is nothhig, ideological in

what is going on in Chad. -^

16
If anything Habre, the shepherd's son. may be seen as

more of a moderniser than the traditionalist Goukhouni,

son of a chief. But all are now unfortunately judged by the

company they keep. Thus Goukhouni has cast his lot with

Tripoli. Habre's friends to date are Zaire (which has sent

men and much needed aircraft), Egypt and France.

Although a peace of sorts seems to have been patched up

with Nigeria, it would be unusual for Nigeria to provide

assistance at the moment (see page 1633). Another

paradox is that both men are from the far north, from

small minority ethnic groups, and in all probability neither

would stand a chance of winning an election, should that

remote day ever arrive. The key to survival in Ndjamena

still seems to be the south, small in area but populous.

The attitude of France is one of the most important

aspects of the present crisis. From the moment the

Socialists came to power in 1981, one of the great

unanswered questions has been whether they would

actually seriously intervene militarily in Africa, in view of

some of the criticisms formulated in the past of Giscard's

reckless policy of intervention.

As we go to press, Paris has been sending substantial

supplies of arms to Habre, with possibly some civilians to

•provide logistical support, but that is a long way from the

kind of direct intervention, presumably in the form of

troops that Habre, in his latest appeal to France, wouldseem to envisage. The Americans, loth to intervene

themselves, would certainly be happy to see a French

initiative. The situation of Habre's army would appear to

be very serious. Talk of counter-attack seems to have

withered away, and the main concern seems now to

protect Abeche (which controls the supply line from the

east), and the capital itself.

If the situation is that serious, the voices that counsel

caution in Paris, for all kinds of reasons, must be legion.

The precedent of the 1968-69 intervention, one of de

Gaulle's last acts, which involved the Pompidou government in a weary process of disengagement, in which there

were all kinds of political attacks on France's "new

Vietnam", is still too recent in.the memory. Giscard's

intervention (part of his 'African gendarme' phase) was

likewise ineffective and unpopular domestically. How

much more should the Socialists not wish to be involved in

foreign wars. Cheysson's statement on not wishing to

emulate the US in Central America should clearly set the

tone, despite the blandishments of the "co-operation

lobby", spearheaded as ever by Houphouet-Boigny.

At the same time, the idea of "standing up to Gaddafi"

does seem to be a, rallying cry to attract a number of

interested parties. The Libyan leader's isolation at the

recent OAU summit in Addis Ababa, which many saw as

his African humiliation, led to much speculation that he

would try something in Chad. One feature of Addis

Ababa was that there was virtually total acceptance of

Habre as de facto ruler.

17
Now that Chad is once again becoming the cockpit of

Africa, one wonders how long this will last. Happily there

is an intact OAU. newly infused with the "Addis spirit"

which, however reluctant it might be to re-enter the Chad

hornet's nest, in view of past experience, could be well

placed to receive some of the shocks, and prevent a

dangerous internationalisation. Col. Mengistu, the new

OAU Chairman, who has entered the fray to criticise

Zaire's intervention, faces a major challenge here.

CSO: 3400/1653

18
ETHIOPIA

WEEKLY WRAP-UP OF NON-ENGLISH PRESS

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 26 Jun 83 p 3

[Article by Kifle Djote in column: "Views, Comments, Opinions"]

[Text] Serto Ader, organ of the Central Committee of COPWE, comments that a

speedy realization of our revolutionary objectives depends, in a large measure,

on the exertion of co-ordinated efforts under a central guidance system to

translate into deeds all the work plans laid down as pre-conditions for the

establishment of the Party of the Working People. In an editorial comment,

the paper notes with satisfaction that the necessary political, ideological

and organizational structure has been laid down to assist the effective implementation of revolutionary programmes including the economic development

campaign and the further strengthening of the nation's defence capabilities.

It further calls on the working people to make use of their creative capabilities in all their respective spheres of endeavour as to obtain the maximum

gains from their work.

In a leading front-page article, the same paper describes the recent 19th

OAU Summit in Addis Ababa as an event of great significance to Africa having

opened up a new chapter of struggle for the African peoples. Recalling that

the holding of the 19th OAU Summit in Addis Ababa took place after a lapse of

15 months during which the pan-Africanist organization experienced the worst

crisis in its history, the paper calls on member states to continue to put

in more resolute efforts to ensure the upkeep of the Addis Ababa spirit in

defence of the OAU and to hasten the development of the African peoples in

cooperation with other international fora like the Non-aligned Movement.

Resounding Success

On the on-going ninth phase of the national literacy drive, the Amharic daily,

Addis Zemen foretells a resounding success, judging from the spirit with which

the campaign is being conducted. The paper writes in its editorial comment

that both the campaign teachers and the adult literacy students are displaying

ardent enthusiasm, totally committed to the task of eradicating illiteracy

within a short time as possible.

Zemen also quotes the literacy evaluating teams dispatched to the different

centres as saying that the ninth phase of the literacy drive is being

19
conducted most successfully on the basis of the vast experiences gained from

the previous eight phases of the campaign. The paper believes that at the

end of the campaign period, one and a half million people will be able to

shake off the heavy burden of illiteracy and will also be able to have a

bird's eye-view of elementary disciplines like hygiene and agricultural

techniques in addition to the basic skills of reading and writing.

Another Amharic paper, the weekly Yesarietu Ethiopia, while admitting that

impressive achievements have been scored during the past years of our revolutionary struggle, warns against complasency and urges the working people in

all their respective places of revolutionary assignment to display yet

greater revolutionary stamina to ensure the complete realization of our

socialist construction efforts. It created the revolutionary leadership and

COPWE for having charted out correct political, ideological and economic

guidelines which, it said, have greatly assisted the working people to discharge their duties systematically and along a definitive course of action.

Writing in the same paper, Tekeste Ketema, singles out the urgency to make

proper and continuous maintenance of feeder roads in the capital as among

the pressing duties of the City Council, the UDA's and the entire residents

of the city. The writer observes that our capital city being the seat of

various regional and international organizations truly deserves the attention

of all in ensuring its beauty as befits a national capital and also as part

of building a transport network conducive to the efficient running of administrative affairs. Tekeste also calls upon Urban Dwellers' Associations, both

at Higher and Kebele levels as well as the City Council to focus their attention to this important matter and ensure the proper upkeep of the feeder

roads in the city.

In another article appearing in the same paper, Taye Berhanu reminds students

to use the forthcoming summer vacation wisely and for worthwhile ends. Citing

some of the worthwhile places where the students should spent their time, the

writer refers to public libraries at the various kebeles and other places

and advises them to display active involvement in revolutionary development

activities at all levels. He also warns against the negative consequences

of idly spending the coming long rainy season vacation.

The Oromigna newspaper, Berrissa, also devoted its editorial comment to

the same subject reminding young students to remain aware of the heavy responsibilities entrusted to them in the on-going socialist construction efforts. The Arabic weekly, Al Alem, refers to the recently held national

seminar on the implementation of the proclamation on the National Military

Service as a prompt step in the right direction. In its editorial comment,

the paper said the National Seminar on the National Military Service, by

adopting pertinent resolutions and various decisions, has greatly assisted

in paving the way for the youth of the country to have a clear concept of the

programme and to participate in it in the interest of national defence, unity

and the revolution.

Al Alem stresses that the aim of the National Military Service as very

clearly stated by our revolutionary leader, Comrade Chairman Mengistu, are

20
to strengthen the defence capabilities of the nation and to create a new

generation imbued with consciousness and creativity, and not to launch any

aggression against anyone as certain rumour-mongers tend to misinterpret

it. The aaper underscores that the primary aim of the National Military

Service is to prepare the entire people of the country to be able to deter

any enemy aggression in the event of such circumstances arising.

CSO: 3400/1628

21
GABON

FRENCH COOPERATION MISSION DONATES MILITARY EQUIPMENT

Libreville L'UNION in French 8 Jun 83 pp 1, 4

[Article by Ollo-Mombey: "France Donates Equipment to Gabonese Armed Forces"]

[Excerpt] A ceremony for the donation of equipment to the Gabonese armed

forces by the French Military Cooperation Mission was held yesterday morning

at the garage of the CCDG in Oloumi. This donation, which follows a first

delivery of 27 Peugeot vehicles last February 12 at the Gaulle camp, was

presented to General Idriss Ngari, chief of staff of the armed forces, by the

French ambassador to Gabon, S.E. Pierre Dabezies.

It should be pointed out that this equipment, worth 500 million CFA francs,

is part of the direct military aid granted for the year 1983 by France to

Gabon.

This lot of equipment consists of 4 Peugeot 504 pick-ups for the Gabonese

national navy; 6 Samo jeeps (new, experimental models) for the Gabonese air

force based in Mvengue, the army and the state police force; and 800 Famas

guns, complete with ammunition, i.e., 98,600 5.56 cartridges and 100,000 blank

cartridges.

In a brief speech delivered on this occasion, the French ambassador to Gabon

spoke of the cooperation which exists between our two countries. He also

called attention to the fact that the equipment which was handed over to the

Gabonese military authorities is brand new.

On his side, General Idriss Ngari, in the name of the head of state,

commander-in-chief of the armed forces, in the name of the minister of national

defense, and in his own name, wished to thank France for having offered this

direct aid to the Gabonese armed forces. He then said that Gabon still expects

military aid from France, while he also rejoiced in the fact that the Gabonese

armed forces have always received new equipment from France, for example, the

Famas guns, of which Gabon is one of the principal beneficiaries in the Frenchspeaking countries.

Speaking of the equipment presented yesterday, the Famas guns are assault guns

that replace individual arms and permit not only the firing of bullets but

also the launching of grendades.

The Samo jeeps are light, all-purpose vehicles, i.e., designed to perform in

the roughest conditions.

12368

CSO: 3419/1013 22
GABON

NEW BIMONTHLY MAGAZINE STARTS PUBLICATION

Libreville L'UNION in French 10 Jim 83 p 3

[Article by Dukert Demeyo: "'The Militant': The Party Enjoys a New Press

Organ"]

[Excerpts] "The Militant": this is the name of the new magazine which, as of

last week, is swelling the lists of the publication in our country. This

bi-monthly periodical, published by the Gabonese Press Cooperative under the

direction of the permanent general delegation of the Gabonese Democratic Party,

the sole party, is to appear the first and third Friday of each month. The

magazine, according to the permanent general delegation, will not be a mouthpiece for the doctrines of the Gabonese Democratic Party, this role being

delegated to the newspaper "Dialogue."

Why then "The Militant"? This question was answered by the permanent general

delegate of the general secretary and founder of the Gabonese Democratic

Party, Comrade Leon Auge, in an editorial he wrote on the first page. For

Comrade Leon Auge, the purpose of this new magazine is two-fold. First, there

is the desire to "make known the activities, often misunderstood by the general

public, of all the organs of the party." He then went on to affirm that the

magazine wishes to be "a cultural instrument at the service of all the members

of the party, that is, of all the social strata of our country."

The permanent general delegate also emphasized in this editorial that there is

no question of "irritating the reader" by mentioning, for example, articles

already published in the daily national newspaper "The Union" or in the

magazine "Weekly Information."

The first issue of "The Militant" is out and sells for 200 CFA francs.

However, Comrade Leon Auge recognizes in his editorial that "our hopes will be

realized when we see the circulation constantly increasing without obligatory

purchases or subscriptions and when the number of pages in the magazine moves

from 12 to 16 or 20 without the insertion of advertisements extracted by

threats or at the price of a thousand manipulations.

12368

CSO: 3419/1013

23
GAMBIA

ECONOMIC CLIMATE STILL 'DIFFICULT'

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3439, 11 Jul 83 p 1636

[Text]

• Announcing revenue proposals

to raise a further 16m. dalasi, the

Minister of Finance and Trade,

Mr. S. S. Ceesay, said that these

proposals, on top'of the D135m.

provided for in the 1982/83 revenue, estimates, should make for

a balanced Budget, which takes

into account the economic realities

of The Gambia and the international economic situation.

Mr. Ceesay said that 1982/83

had been a better year for the

country, because of good and

evenly distributed rains, but the

economic climate of the country

was still difficult though he was

happy to announce, that The

Gambia had recently successfully

concluded a one-year stand-by

agreement with the International

Monetary Fund. The necessary

conditions were being met

although" with a great deal of

sacrifice".

In 1982/83 Gross Domestic Product rose to D594m., a 21 per cent

increase over the previous year's

D491m.; per caput GDP increased

from D782 to D922.

Although there had been a

slight decrease in the cost of imports, down from D222.7m. to

D218.9m., The Gambia's external

reserves had continued to be

under severe pressure because a

very low world price for groundnuts had counteracted the much

improved groundnut harvest. •

CSO: 3400/1653

2k
GHANA

BRIEFS

POLICE HARASSMENT CURBED—Abidjan, 9 Jul (NAN)--The Ghana Government has ordered

the police in the Ashanti region to stop the harassment of civilians in the

area with immediate affect. The order followed reports of police harassment of

civilians in the area. A correspondent of the NEWS AGENCY OF NIGERIA (NAN)

in Abidjan reports that the government also directed all personnel of the

regional police in Accra, [sentence as received] Quoting a government official,

the DAILY GRAPHIC newspaper reported on Wednesday that all civilians in the area

had been advised to demand search warrants from any policeman who insisted on

searching them. [Text] [Samuel Ajibola] [AB091142 Lagos NAN in English

1135 GMT 9 Jul 83]

FRENCH FLOUR DONATION—Ghana has taken delivery of 3,000 tons of wheat flour

from France. The flour, which is worth 200 million CFA, was given by the

French Government to help solve the country's food problem. The presentation

was made by the French Ambassador to Ghana, Mr Patrick O'Cornesse, and was received by the PNDC [Provisional National Defense Council] secretary for finance

and economic planning, Dr Kwesi Botchway. The secretary said the flour has come

at an opportune time since there is virtually no flour in the system.

Doctor Botchway assured the ambassador that the flour will be sold and the proceeds invested in projects to the mutually agreed upon by the two countries,

[as printed] [Text] [AB302210 Accra Domestic Service in English 2145 GMT

30 Jun 83]

CSO: 3400/1635

25
GUINEA-BISSAU

PRESIDENT WEIGHS RESULTS OF 19TH OAU SUMMIT

Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 15 Jun 83 p 4

IText] Comrade President Joao Bernardo (Nino) Vieira, who returned early Sunday

afternoon to Bissau after participating in the 19th OAU summit of head of state

and government, weighed the results, referring to the principal resolutions which

were adopted. He informed journalists of the meetings held with his African counterparts, with whom he brought up problems referring to our bilateral cooperation

and "burning" issues on our continent and in the world.

Given the importance of his comments, we print them in their entirety:

In the first place, we can consider that in Addis Ababa, Africa found itself acting

once again as a bloc, capable of making itself heard outside this continent. Union

makes strength. It is on this basisithat we salute the 19th OAU äummit.

This summit was held at a particularly difficult time for the African continent,

shaken by continental questions and the drought, and seriously feeling the effects

of the pronounced world economic crisis. It is thus and in a moment which demands

both reflection and judiciousness that African heads of state and government assumed the historic responsibility of not destroying our continental organization.

However, its accomplishment was not in any way easy. It required many deliberations

for an acceptable concensus to be reached. It is in this area that we must congratulate and pay tribute to the SDAR I Saharan Democratic Arab Republic] for its

voluntary and temporary decision to not participate in the 19th summit, thus permitting continental unity to be maintained in spite of its sacrifice.

Referring to the 19th summit, I can only describe it as historic,, not only because

it came about after two unsuccessful attempts, but also and above all because of

the importance of the political decisions, which showed the full maturity of our

continent, in spite of the interference to which it is subjected from abroad. The

Saharan people and the SDAR and its vanguard party, the P0L1SARI0 Front, achieved

a victory which we can consider historic. Of the 50 participating countries,:

Morocco, naturally, did not agree with the resolution which was adopted regarding

the Western Sahara. This resolution exhorts the conflicting parties—or rather

the Kingdom of lyiorocco and the P0LISARI0 Front—to enter into direct negotiations

for a cease-fire; the goal is to create conditions necessary for the realization

of a peaceful and just referendum, with a view toward the self-determination of

the Western Saharan people. We consider this a "pro forma" in that when a people

26
decides to take up arms to achieve liberty and independence, it is : jiwmediately

self-determining. Going Back to the resolution on the Western Sahara which came

from the 19th OAU summit, it must be emphasized that the group of member states

present there demands that the referendum, which will occur under the auspices

of the OATJ and the United Nations, take place without a Moroccan administrative

or military presence, or that-of its repopulation colony which arose in the course

of the "Green March."

Another subject which deserved special attention was the serious situation which

exists in southern Africa. Africa has decided to join forces with the aim of

sensitizing Western countries so they will pressure racist South Africa into

turning over administrative and political power to SWAPO, the only legitimate

representative of the Namibian people.

The Chad question likewise deserved special attention at the 19th OAU summit. On

this subject, we want to highlight the brilliant report presented by Secretary

General Edem Kodjo, which allowed the member states present in Addis Ababa to

learn about the mechanisms and the whole process which brought an African peacekeeping movement to Chad. This question, above all the role of this peace force

in Chadian territory, was the cause of great, heated debates. Fortunately, good

sense and political maturity reigned, and the participants rose above the question,

with the countries that furnished troops being congratulated for the contribution

they made to the OAU. Guinea-Bissau, along with Algeria, Kenya and Zambia, was

equally congratulated for the efficiency displayed in its role as arbiter, a role

which was conferred on it by our c ontinental organization.

In Addis Ababa, we approved 14 resolutions during the course of the summit, some

of which I have brought up, such as those on the Western Sahara and Namibia, and

on our operating calculations. In the meantime, given that at this moment, the

Sixth United National Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) is being held

in Yugoslavia, the 19th summit passed a resolution to carefully examine the studies

and the most likely means of positively beginning the plan of action in Lagos.

Without going On too long, it is only fair that I equally highlight the resolutions

concerning Lesotho and the economic blocade which racist South Africa is imposing

on it, with the consequent request for sanctions against the apartheid regime.

The Middle East, being just as much of a hot spot in all international affairs,

was discussed, and the Addis Ababa summit passed a resolution in which it condemns

the illegal and criminal occupation of Arab territories by the Zionist regime,

recognizing the PLO as the only legitimate spokesman for the resolution of the

serious crisis which exists in the region.

Considering the question of refugees, a problematic one which has been increasingly

accentuated by the acuteness of the political, economic, and social crisis in Africa,

the world, and especially our continent; and keeping in mind the holding of the

Second International Conference for Assistance to Refugees in Africa, the 19th

summit decided to request urgent international assistance in a message to be sent

to the next meeting of the United Nations General Assembly.

The border dispute between Chad and Libya also had our attention, with a resolution being approved which preconizes the forming of an ad hos committee whose primary objective is to put an end to this dispute, which in no way serves the interests of African unity.

27
The 10th summit discussed with great acuity the best form for application of the

plan in Lagos, accentuating the necessity for its rapid application to allow

our continent to overcome the many difficulties with which we are all familiar.

On leaving Addis Ababa after 2 days of uninterrupted work, meetings are continuing

in the African Hall which include the election of the new secretary general and

assistant secretaries general, as well as the determination of a date and location

for the 20th OAU summit.

Before closing on this subject, I would like to express my admiration for Edem

Kodjo and the excellent job he did as secretary general of the OAU, a job crowned

by the brilliant activities report he gave to our assembly, for which it is only

correct that we show our kindness and encouragement.

In closing, I would also like to add that, during the summit, I met with many of

my African counterparts, to discuss not only bilateral but also international questions with particular emphasis on the African continent.

While I was with the Cape Verdian president, Comrade Aristides Pereira, we brought

up subjects connected with the future of our relations, and especially those having

to do with the controversial economics of our two governments, namely the Naguicave,

the Moave, and the payment agreements. There is a desire for these problems to be

solved, while having due respect for safeguarding the interests of our respective

peoples.

Also, I brought up with Comrade Aristides Pereira the holding, in Bissau, of the

next summit of heads of state and government of Portuguese African countries and

agreed with him on several details concerning this event.

I also met with President Sekou Toure. During my meeting with Senegalese President

Abdou Diouf, we briefly touched on several points which have to do with our bilateral cooperation and the need for greater communication in various areas. The

question of the controversy over our Maritime boundaries was brought up very frankly,

with President Diouf having received full backing from the Senegalese Government

for finding a solution to this problem as quickly as possible. I also had a beneficial meeting with President Samora Machel, which made possible a fruitful exchange of views onquestions relating to the national reconstruction of our respective countries. I received a detailed briefing on the present situation in southern

Africa, particularly that which especially concerns Mozambique and racist South

Africa: Mr Machel described in great detail the latest aggression against his

country by the apartheid regime.

Also in Addis Ababa I had the chance to have friendly conversations with Presidents

Dawda Jawara of Gambia, Khouna Ould Haidalla of Mauritania, and Denis SassouNguesso of the Congo. This meeting allowed us to touch on the cooperation between

Guinea and the Congo and the need for its rapid and effective growth. I received

and spoke with the Angolan Minister of the Interior Alexandre Rodrigues, and it was

decided that we would soon receive a delegation of the MPLA so that we can study

problems having to do with our relations.

28
In closing, I would like to highlight the friendly manner in which the president

of Mali received us in Bamako before we traveled with him to Addis Ababa. During

our trip there and back, and even in the Ethiopian capital, we discussed the future

of our cooperation, which we would like to be intense. President Moussa Traore

will soon be sending to Bissau a party delegation led by the head of foreign relations of the Democratic Union of Malian People to discuss and decided, with our

party leaders, the ways to guide the future of party relations. At the governmental level, we each noted a common interest in carefully examining these relations

as much as possible.

Here is a summary of my 8 days out of the country, and I say once again that the

19th OAU summit was a success for fighting Africa.

12353

CSO: 3442/266

29
LESOTHO

OFFICIAL RETURNS FROM DPRK JOURNALISTS MEETING

MB160708 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 16 Jul 83

[Text] The world conference of journalists against imperialism and for

friendship and peace, which ended in Pyongyang North LTP* ll? T„

has condemned South Africa's recent invasion^ L^otho and'e^ s^d'its

hope that such shameful acts would never be repeated again. This was disclosed by Lesotho's delegate to the conference, the director of LformftL

Mrs (Moroesi Agenbare), who returned home at the weekend! lnfnation,

alliancfeortLfpretLr-°

bSerVed *T ** triPartlte -^ary and economic

established InJl ^^^ the United States, and Israel had been

and ti tJ K . ^

a re8±me °f faSC±St di^atorship in South Africa

in the" Ss ^ •

POlitkally and economi

-Hy the Independent states in cne area. Satisfaction was expressed over the inauoiiratinn «f *-u* T>

Cooperation and news exchange between PAHA and the existing nrZau„„J,

Press ageneies woeXd thwart earrent damage whieh „as b^^wäged against

inr„r^ti:r:ys°ternaligned COmtrleS ^

tte ^«^-controlaeHortd

calledSon

g

an

e delegateS ^a ban^et in their honor, President Kim Il-song

called on all progressive journalists to sharply expose imperialist activ^v

for expansion of armaments. He reminded them of their vlZons±h±T±tTln

Är^oreS achtres. '"* "* *"^^^T^ '

CSO: 3400/1645

30
LESOTHO

MASERU SCORES JOHANNESBURG PAPER ON LLA

MB151342 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 15 Jul 83

[Station commentary]

[Text] Continuing attempts to conceal the long established fact that

Mr Mokhehle and his fellow mercenaries are staying in South Africa have

become an oddity. Recently, the South African newspaper the RAND DAILY MAIL,

which is notorious as :a platform for the Lesotho Liberation Army [LLA], has

once again made a futile attempt to wage tiresome propaganda, claiming that

Mokhehle and the other mercenaries are living in Lesotho and not in South

Africa.

It was only 2 days ago that the newspaper published extracts from a statement

alleged to have been signed by Mokhehle and claiming that they were living

in the mountains of Lesotho and not in South Africa or Botswana. It is said

that the statement was issued to repudiate an earlier one which had been issued

by other mercenaries such as Mokone, Rakuoane and Nteso. These have apparently

caused a great deal of embarrassment within the ranks of the mercenaries by

having asked the RAND DAILY MAIL to disclose that recent attacks in Lesotho

had been launched by both from the Transkei and South Africa. The fact that

these mercenaries attack from South Africa is not anything new, and it did not

surface with the statement by Mokone and his colleagues. Over and above

eye witness accounts of gunfire and mortar attacks launched from South Africa

soil on numerous occasions, journalists such as Jethro Mortimer have also

published their findings after investigating and establishing that bandits

were indeed launching their attacks on Lesotho from South Africa.

Jethro Mortimer further gave the testimony of South African farmers along the

border who confirmed that the bandits dared to go through their farms on their

way to launch attack on Lesotho. Besides, mercenaries who are currently

in police custody have given further evidence indicating how they are recruited,

trained, and armed by South African soldiers. These facts are now universally .

known, and they will never be concealed no matter how feverishly the RAND DAILY

MAIL attempts to do so. The paper is itself confused by the quagmire of contradictions which it finds itself administering.

It is only last week when it published a statement alleging that Mokhehle was

in Botswana, yet only a few days thereafter it is alleging that he is living

in Lesotho. In similar manner, no effort will ever succeed in concealing

31
the fact that the name LLA is an anonym for mercenaries employed by South Africa

to topple the government of Lesotho under the pretext that this is a plan of

the people of Lesotho. Even Mokhehle himself, whose name is also being used,

has no control over the so-called LLA. Indeed, he is a virtual captive who

cannot even venture out of South Africa because of his misdeeds. At best,

the sickly traitor, whose health is beyond redemption, can only wait and

stare at the plans of his masters. These facts will never be suppressed, and

if the RAND DAILY MAIL believes it can do so, it has set itself an impossible

task. That is all.

CSO: 3400/1645

32
LESOTHO

NEW MINISTER COMMENTS ON POLITICAL SITUATION

MB150856 Maseru Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 15 Jul 83

[Text] The minister of information and broadcasting, the honorable

Desmond Tsepo Sixishe, says the present political situation in the country

is born out of Basotho's refusal to be conquered. Addressing a joint

orientation course for volunteers coming to work in the country on the political situation in Lesotho, the honorable minister gave a brief outline of

the history of politics in Lesotho until independence and after.

On church and politics, he said it is an open secret that the Catholic Church

had a strong hold on people because of its educational institutions and the

fact that its Christians were in the majority. He said with time there have

been changes, since people are beginning to draw a line between their

responsibilities towards the church and politics.

On new relations with communist countries, Mr Sixishe said it is a stupid

argument to believe that the presence of Russian diplomats in Lesotho would

change people's allegiance to the church after being Christians for hundreds

of years. He said South Africa's intention is to subdue Lesotho. He added

that a white South African is not ready in his mind to face a black man as

an equal. Regarding the establishment of a new political party, the minister

of information and broadcasting said South Africa is looking for agents of

destabilization.

The 2-week orientation course held at Mazenod's conference center was attended

by 25 countries from Danish, German and international volunteer services,

[sentence as heard]

CSO: 3400/1645

33
LESOTHO

JOHANNESBURG COMMENTS ON LESOTHO CHURCH-STATE CONFLICT

MB121006 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 13 Jul 83

[Station commentary: "The Church in Lesotho"]

[Text] The conflict between church and state is one which has sporadically

troubled many countries throughout the centuries, but it is a new phenomenon

in Lesotho, and it has reared its head with a suddenness and vehemence that

the government of the mountain kingdom might not know how to handle. It stems

from the decision by Lesotho's prime minister, Chief Leabua Jonathan to invite

five communist countries to open embassies in Maseru, after the expulsion

recently of diplomats from the Republic of China.

The normally docile church press in Lesotho has come out strongly against the

ties with communist countries and the Roman Catholic mouthpiece has been

particularly vocal. It wasted little time in reminding Chief Jonathan of

his words in 1965 when he said: As long as I am prime minister, I will not

allow into Maseru a single embassy of any communist country.

Ninety percent of the people of Lesotho are Christians, and in turn, 40 percent

of them are Roman Catholics. During the initial reaction of the church press,

the country's four Roman Catholic bishops kept silent publicly, but now they

have voiced their opposition to the government's concilliatory approach to

the communists. In a joint statement, the bishops point out that communism

is opposed to the teaching of the church, that it expressly denies the

existence of God, oppresses men by denying them freedom, and resorts to

malicious intrigues and deception to achieve its goals.

Opposition to the communist connection has also come from the opposition United

Democratic Party. Party leader Mr Charles Mofeli said in a South African

Broadcasting Corporation interview at the weekend that he was totally opposed

to relations with communist countries. He said the Jonathan government wished

to impose its dictatorship on Lesotho and then lean on the communist countries

for support. It was his view that the communists were using Lesotho as a

bridgehead for activities in South Africa, which was still regarded as their

prime objective.

While on the political front there does not seem much to dissuade the Lesotho

Government from its intentions, it has up to now not had to contend with the

view of the church. And so it is that Lesotho now finds itself in the cauldron

of church-state conflict. The outcome is bound to have far-reaching implications,

CSO: 3400/1645

3U
LESOTHO

UDP LEADER SAYS SADF'S MASERU RAID JUSTIFIED

MB111307 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 11 Jul 83

[Text] The chairman of the (Qine) constituency and member of parliament,

Mr Desmond Tsepo Sixishe, said today that the statement by the leader of

the United Democratic Party, Mr Charles Mofeli, that South Africa was

justified in its brutal murder of Basotho during the South African Defense

Force raid on Maseru last December, was not only shocking but unfortunate.

During a South African television interview, Mr Mofeli said that a repetition

of the raid would be acceptable to the UDP. Mr Sixishe said that when a country

is faced with an external threat of aggression, all political parties are

expected to unite in their condemnation of such a threat, especially if innocent

citizens are brutally murdered.

Mr Sixishe said that even in South Africa when that country is faced with

what South Africans believed was an external threat, leaders of the opposition

in South Africa often support the South African Government in its attempt to

meet such an aggression. Mr Sixishe said that by giving vocal support of

the killing of Basotho citizens by foreign forces indicated beyond doubt that

Mr Mofeli was in politics not for the interests of Basotho but for the interests

of apartheid and racial oppression as represented by the South African Government. Mr Sixishe said Mr Mofeli's denial in the same interview that South

Africa was destabilizing Southern Africa was a gross misrepresentation of

South Africa's true intentions in Southern Africa. He added that leaders

such as Mr Mofeli would go down in history as traitors to the cause of the

African people throughout the continent.

CSO: 3400/1645

35
LESOTHO

COMMENTARY REACTS TO CRITICISM OF FOREIGN POLICY

MB300900 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 29 Jun 83

[Station commentary]

[Text] The current campaign spearheaded by the MOELETSI WA BASOTHO newspaper against Lesotho's relations with the socialist countries is nothing

more than a political drama stage-managed by foreign interests using the

cover of their positions of trust with the church.

The political functionaries, who pretended that their political war against

the sovereignty and integrity of the people of Lesotho is a religious

crusade, have been joined by local puppets and by the racist news media of

South Africa in undermining our political prerogatives and whipping up a

crescendo of false impressions that the people of Lesotho are against the

establishment of relations with the socialist countries. Recently these

colonial dogmatists, who are taking advantage of their church positions,

have acted in concert with the South African news media ot use the resignation

of the former minister of information and broadcasting, Mr C. D. Molapo, as

proof that the Basotho people are indeed against the relations of Lesotho

with the socialist countries. MOELETSI and the South African news media have

enthusiastically quoted the former minister as having claimed that his resignation was due to his—quote: hatred of atheistic communism—unquote.

Whether or not Mr Molapo has been correctly quoted by MOELETSI and his fellow

travellers is not a cause for concern. What is worth knowing is that the

people of Lesotho will not be misled by this ludicrous suggestion, which is

being advanced as the reason for the minister's resignation. As pointed out

by a member of parliament, Mr (D. T. Sqishi), at a public meeting he addressed

last weekend, our foreign affairs history would not show Mr Molapo as one of

the people who would legitimately complain about the establishment of relations with the socialist countries. On the contrary, if consideration is

taken of the many years for which he has been foreign minister and the many

contacts which we started with socialist countries during his tenure as foreign

minister, the claim of his hatred for communism sounds hollow.

We recall in particular, that it was during Mr Molapo's term as foreign minister that relations with the Soviet Union were started, even though it was not

yet at ambassadorial level. It was also during his term of office as foreign

36
minister that the prime minister visited Cuba and the GDR, both socialist

countries. Contacts with many other Eastern European socialist countries

were started at the time when Mr Molapo was still overseer of our foreign

relations. As such, Mr Molapo has been thoroughly emmersed in moves to

establish relations with these countries, the only exception perhaps being

the fact that he did not accompany the prime minister during his recent 5-

nation tour of the Far East and East Europe, as he was no longer foreign

minister at that time.

The glee with which the paternalistic and arrogant management of MOELETSI

and the South Africa racist media have orchestrated the purported reason for

Mr Molapo's resignation is therefore a misguiding fallacy which at best

should be seen in the context of an unwarranted interference with the

sovereign rights of the government of Lesotho to make and unmake diplomatic

relations and with the prime minister's political freedom to have contact with

any part of the world, both of which are purely political matters having

nothing to do with religion.

In this connection, it is deplorable that while some of the foreign interests

fueling the MOELETSI campaign are ostensibly concerned with the religious implications of our relations with the East, their own countries have blossoming

diplomatic, trade, and other relations with the socialist world. In addition,

communist parties are very strong in these Western countries, as is the case

in France and in Italy, where even the mayor of the capital city of Rome is

known to be a member of the Communist Party, yet religion remains pure and

intact in these countries, and the people who have now appointed themselves

as custodians of our political practice and conduct have never uttered a word

about how they propose to contain or overcome the flourishing communism in

their own countries.

We wish to conclude by reaffirming that, like in these people's own countries,

in Lesotho it is also a truism that religion belongs to the church and

politics belongs to the body politic. This is a despensation which we shall

never relinquish and which we shall struggle vigorously to maintain in spite

of all crypto-colonialist pressures.

CSO: 3400/1581

37
MADAGASCAR

BRIEFS

AGREEMENT WITH FRANCE—France and Madagascar yesterday signed a convention

on public works, a convention which particularly places emphasis on training

courses for Malagasy technicians and workers in France, equipment assistance,

particularly to the National Laboratory of Public Works and Construction, the

local training of technicians and workers under French technicians, the

collaboration of a French research engineer in the field of public works, as

well as several other projects. The projects amount to some 110,000,000 francs.

The minister of public works, Mr Victor Ramahatra, stressed that the agreement

will permit the carrying out of a more efficient program of action in the field

of construction and maintenance, essential instruments for the development of

any activity relating to construction, as well as the implementation of rules

regarding the firms engaged in carrying public works projects, administration,

and the supervision of funds adjudication. [Text] [MB121612 Antananarivo

Domestic Service in French 0430 GMT 12 Jul 83]

FRENCH JEEPS—French ambassador, Mr Paul Blanc yesterday delivered a consignment of military equipment to Defense Minister Sibon Guy for our People's

Armed Forces. It consists of 14 jeeps and some sporting equipment. [Text]

[MB121707 Antananarivo Domestic Service in French 0430 GMT 12 Jul 83 MB]

SWISS AID—A Swiss-Malagasy convention was signed in Antananarivo yesterday.

It covers a double project. It provides, on the one hand, for the repairing

Provincial Highway No 12 between North (Nivorano) to (Goubashakou), over a

distance of 40 km. According to the Convention, the Malagasy Public Works

Ministry will clean, clear and remove objects from the road before it opens

some time this year. The Swiss side will supply equipment and personnel.

The cost of the work amounts to 3 to 4 million Malagasy francs this year,

and 80 million francs next year. The convention also covers the participation

of the Ministry of Agricultural Production and Agrarian Reform in agricultural

works and projects. This participation will depend on the economic potential

of (Atsiranana 2). The region is favorable for growing rice, coconuts, and

small animals, and also for general development. The convention was signed

by the minister of public works, Victor Ramahatra, and the minister of

agricultural production, and agrarian reform, Ramelison Leon, for Madagascar,'

and by the Swiss interim charge d'affaires, (Charles Adaclair) for Switzerland.

[Excerpt] [MB180857 Antananarivo Domestic Service in French 0430 GMT [no date

given] MB]

CSO: 3419/1064

38
MALAWI

BANK COOPERATION WITH ZAMBIA PRAISED

MB151739 Blantyre Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 15 Jul 83

[Station commentary]

[Text] On Wednesday this week it was announced in Lilongwe that officials of

the Bank of Zambia and the Reserve Bank of Malawi held talks earlier this week

to find ways of streamlining and simplifying bilateral payments between the

two countries. The Reserve Bank of Malawi said the discussions had been

successfully concluded and it was expected that the arrangements would become

operative by Wednesday next week.

The development of these relations between the two central banks follows a

recommendation by the first meeting of the permanent commission of cooperation

between Zambia and Malawi held in Lusaka in February this year. This is a

welcome move by the two countries, who both are members of the Southern African

Development Coordination Conference, SADCC, whose aim is to promote regional

cooperation among independent Southern African states.

It should here be noted that the SADCC states have a great potential to produce

a variety of commodities which could not only be< substituted for costlier

imports but are also suitable for conditions prevailing in the region. However,

the exploitation of the region's commodities have in the past been hindered

for various reasons, including financial exchanges. The simplification of

bilateral payments between Malawi and Zambia, therefore, augurs well for

regional cooperation, which has been urged at many international forums as

one way of lessening SADCC's dependence on other countries. The system will,

therefore, not only offer the businessmen and industrialists in Zambia and

Malawi much ground for promoting commercial ties, but it is also a step forward

to improving regional understanding and a real economic achievement for SADCC.

CSO: 3400/1652

39
MOZAMBIQUE

SADCC TO BREAK DEPENDENCE ON PRETORIA

MBO71745 Maputo in; English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 7 Jul 83

[Station commentary]

[Text] Another major conference of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference begins this week. The organization, now commonly known as

the SADCC, was formed with the aim of increasing cooperation among the nine

independent states of our part of Africa. This it has done.

Since the SADCC was created there has been a significant increase in coordination of the development efforts of Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique,

Malawi, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Another objective of

SADCC, the breaking of economic dependence on South Africa, has by no means

been achieved, but important steps forward have been made. Zimbabwe, for

example, now makes much more use of Mozambican railways and ports in preference to the South African route to the sea.

It is not by chance that the advances of SADCC over the last 3 years have been

accompanied by an increase in terrorism and banditry in some of the member

states, for this aggression is organized in South Africa. The terrorists and

bandits are trained in South Africa. They are armed by the South African

military forces. They are financed and supplied with food and transport by

the South African authorities. The terrorists attacking Angola, Lesotho, and

Mozambique today are no more than an extension of the South African armed

forces. When the terrorists fail to create enough trouble, the South African

authorities do not hesitate to send in their own regular forces.

The authorities in Pretoria say they attack SADCC member states because these

states give shelter to guerrillas of the African National Congress of South

Africa. Yet, when the South African air force attacked Mozambique 6 weeks ago,

saying the targets were ANC bases, it was proved that only Mozambican civilian

targets were hit. When the foreign minister of Lesotho invited the South

African authorities to tour his country and see for themselves that there were

no ANC bases there, Pretoria declined to accept the invitation. Botswana

has made a similar invitation and has received no reply. It is clear that

the alleged existence of ANC guerrilla bases on the territory of SADCC member

states is no more than a smoke screen. Pretoria attacks the states because

it fears the development and prosperity that their cooperation would bring.

ko
It fears the example this will set for the black population of South Africa.

However, SADCC will not be intimidated. It will march forward. It will

break dependence on South Africa, and it will win the battle for prosperity

and development.

CSO: 3400/1582

Ui
MOZAMBIQUE

MAPUTO CITES ZIMBABWEAN MINISTER ON ENERGY

MB131333 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 13 Jul 83

["Weekly Review of Events" program]

[Text] Energy ministers of the Southern African Development Coordination

Conference [SADCC] have been meeting in Maputo. Among the subjects under

discussion was how the nine SADCC member countries can work together to share

the energy resources they have and how they can cooperate in other ways in the

same field. Some of the possible areas of cooperation involve Mozambique and

its neighbors, especially Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Energy Minister Simba Makoni was

in Maputo for the SADCC talks, and Radio Maputo asked him about some of the

possibilities. One of these involve the giant Cabora Bassa Dam, which straddles

the Zambezi River in Mozambique. Simba Makoni spoke to us about a proposed

project with the supply of Cabora Bassa electricity to Zimbabwe.

[Begin recording] It is a project that both countries are very deeply interested

in, and both countries would like to see implemented as speedily as possible.

I am aware that the People's Republic of Mozambique, out of its own initiative

and resource mobilization, now has a study being finalized for implementation

on the construction of a high voltage transmission line from Cahora Bassa

through the eastern part of Zimbabwe into southern Mozambique. We have agreed

to await the outcome of that study, receive its recommendations and agree on a

program of implementation for the mutual benefit of the two countries, [end

recording]

Another area of cooperation between Mozambique and Zimbabwe is liquid fuel,

like gasoline and diesel. There is a pipeline between the Mozambican port of

Beira and landlocked Zimbabwe. The fuel arrives at Beira and flows along the

pipeline to supply industry and garages in Zimbabwe. This is the most efficient

way for Zimbabwe to get its oil products, but the pipeline was closed during

Zimbabwe's liberation struggle because of sanctions against the Smith regime and

was opened again only after Zimbabwean independence. In the last 3 years,

Zimbabwe has been making more and more use of the pipeline. But we asked

Mr Makoni if the country was now getting all of its oil products through this

channel.

[Begin recording] No, we are not getting all our oil products through the pipeline, but we are getting our requirements for gasoline and gas oil—what the

English would call diesel and petrol respectively—through that pipeline. The

other fuel products, like jet fuel, aviation fuel, and kerosene, are still

coming through the railway line, [end recording]

CSO: 3400/1642 Ü2
MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

FERTILIZER ROTTING AT NACALA PORT—Maputo. Around 40 000 tonnes of imported

fertiliser worth $750 000 has been seriously damaged by exposure to sun and

rain in the port of Nacala, according to yesterday's edition of the Maputo

daily, NOTICIAS. A total of 40 000 tonnes of fertiliser was ordered from

Portugal, Bulgaria, West Germany, Belgium and the German Democratic Republic

for use in the centre and north of the country. The original import plan envisaged that the arrival of the fertiliser would be staggered over several

months, starting in March 1982, because of limited storage facilities at the

port. But problems with opening lines of credit meant that there were delays.

The shipments were not only late—but they all arrived in rapid succession

at Nacala between August and October last year. According to NOTICIAS'S

sources, the countries of origin were not responsible for this. The amount

of fertiliser unloaded exceeded the port's warehousing capacities. More

space was found in other private and state warehouses, but thousands of

tonnes were left on the quays, mostly uncovered. The worst damage was done

by heavy rains in late November. Yet orders had been given at a meeting

with all the state structures involved, as long ago as October that moving

the fertilizer was top priority. An emergency plan was not put into operation. In February a "committee of experts" was established but they did not

go to Nacala until a month later and then returned to Maputo, according to

NOTICIAS, without making any proposals, only asking for an inquiry to be

opened. The government has taken up this last point, and a "rigorous inquiry"

is under way to assess responsibility. Meanwhile, whatever fertiliser is in

a fit state to be moved from the quay will be taken to Maputo where a chemical company will attempt to restore it to usable condition.—Ziana-AIM.

[Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 15 Jun 83 p 3]

AID SOUGHT AS FAMINE SPREADS—Maputo. A drought affecting almost five million

of Mozambique's 12 million people and forcing many to live off wild fruit

and leaves has prompted the Government in Maputo to renew appeals for international aid. Mozambican officials said the Minister of Internal Trade,

Mr Aranda Da Silva, had held a series of meetings with foreign diplomats

over the past week and had told them the international community's response

to an appeal last January had been "in general, positive". However, he had

said most of the affected areas had continued to lack rain since then and the

country now faced the worst drought in its recorded history. A Government

document distributed to the diplomats says the drought this year caused the

" near-total failure" of the crop in the south of the country and "severe reductions" in central areas. It says more than 4,7 million of Mozambique's

h3
12 million people are affected. In some areas, rain has not fallen for more

than two years and many people have been reduced to eating wild fruit and

leaves, the document said. Mr Da Silva said if all donations already pledged

arrived early enough, food supplies to those in the drought zone could be

guaranteed until the end of October. Most of the promised aid had not yet

arrived, he said. "If the response of the international community is not

accompanied by the assistance given in normal years, then the emergency aid

itself will not have the desired effect," the officials quoted him as saying.

Even in years of good rainfall, Mozambique has needed food aid. The Minister said the Government's main worry was food supplies from the end of October to the harvest period of February to April, next year. In many parts of

the country, he said, peasants had been forced to eat the seed they normally

set aside for the coming planting season. Mr Da Silva appealed for seed as

well as food aid, saying the present seed shortage meant that even if the

drought broke, the 1983/1984 season's crops would be endangered.—Sapa-Reuter.

[Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 5 Jul 83 p 4]

FINANCIAL AGREEMENT WITH UK—In Maputo today, Mozambique and the United

Kingdom signed a financial agreement for 2.8 million pounds for the construction of an electricity plant project in Pemba, Cabo Delgado Province.

According to Antonio Sumbane, state secretary for international cooperation,

who signed the loan agreement for Mozambique, the new electricity plant will

solve power and water shortage problems in Pemba town. (Anne Grant), charge

d

r

affaires at the British Embassy in Maputo, said that she was pleased with

her tour of the plant site, and she said that her country is, within a framework of harmonious cooperation, ready to finance development projects in

Mozambique to the extent that her country is able to do so. Reports so far

gathered by our editorial newsdesk also indicate that Great Britain has unconditionally offered an additional 229,000 pounds for further work at the

Pemba Electricity Plant project. [Excerpts] [MB081520 Maputo Domestic

Service in Portuguese 1400 GMT 8 Jul 83]

NELSON MANDELA RELEASE URGED—In a communique to the press in Maputo yesterday, the chairman of the International Commission for Solidarity with Southern

Africa, (Ibrahim Fez), said that the release of the South African nationalist

leader Nelson Mandela, currently serving a life sentence in the dungeons of

apartheid, would be a step toward the peaceful settlement of the racial problem in South Africa. (Ibrahim Fez), who is also coordinator of the campaign

for the release of Nelson Mandela, stressed that Pretoria's refusal to release him is increasing the threat of a racial explosion in South Africa,

because Mandela and his colleagues in prison are the only valid spokesmen for

a negotiated settlement of the South African problem. He went on to say

that those who support Pretoria in its arrogance are aggravating the risks

of a general confrontation in South Africa and on our continent, with all

the consequences that may result from such a confrontation. (Ibrahim Fez)

also expressed his concern over the state of health of Nelson Mandela and

called on the international community, particularly Western countries, to put

pressure on the racist regime toward improving the detention conditions of

Mandela. [Text] [MB081519 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 0430 GMT

8 Jul 83]

hh
EAST TIMOR FIGURE ARRIVES—(Jose Luis Guiterrez), member of Fretilin Central

Committee, arrived in Maputo yesterday from Lisbon where he took part in the

meeting of Fretilin delegates based abroad. According to (Guiterrez) the

Lisbon meeting analyzed the political and military situation in East Timor

and studied the most efficient methods of implementing the resolutions

adopted by the presidency of the Revolutionary Council of National Resistance. He said that the resolutions were adopted in the light of the

present process of dialogue which began in East Timor between Indonesian

authorities and Fretilin. [Text] [MB111618 Maputo Domestic Service in

Portuguese 0800 GMT 10 Jul 83]

SADCC SUMMIT—Railway officials from six member countries of the Southern

African Development Coordination Conference are gathered in Maputo for a

meeting today of the SADCC Transport and Communications Commission. Representatives of Angola, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe are

discussing a project to improve the port of Dar es Salaam and the Nacala

Railway line. Other projects being reviewed include the improvement of the

railways of Botswana. According to the final communique of the SADCC summit

on Monday in Maputo, 44 projects in this area are being implemented or have

been completed. The Transport and Communications Commission of SADCC is led

by Mozambique. Meanwhile, new locomotives are being delivered to the

Tanzanian Railways for joint use on the Tanzania-Zambia railway, the TAZARA

line. The purchase of these locomotives is part of the regional SADCC project

to improve the Dar es Salaam port. Financing is by the World Bank. [Text]

[MB141240 Maputo in English to Southern Africa 1100 GMT 14 Jul 83]

CSO: 3400/1642

k$
SWA LACKS CONTROL OVER EXPENDITURE, SAYS REPORT

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Jul 83 p 4

NAMIBIA

[Article by Tony Stirling]

[Text] AN appalling lack of

control over expenditure — leading to the

pumping in of funds of

up to R80-million a

year from South Africa

— is revealed in the

confidential report of

the South West Africa

secretary for finance to

the AdministratorGeneral of the territory-According to information obtained by The Citizen, it is this aspect of the

report of the SWA secretary of finance which a

senior official of the Treasury in Pretoria is busy investigating.

The official was sent to

SWA earlier this week

after the opposition

spokesman on finance,

Mr Harry Schwarz, raised

aspects of the "disturbing" report with the Minister of Finance, Mr

Owen Horwood, in Parliament.

The confidential report, of which The Citizen has a copy, says that

the biggest annual supplement to the SWA budget

is attributable to additional finance which has to

be given the territory's

second tier of government

the representative

authorities.

CSO: 3400/1621

Short

"The existing governmental system falls far

short in so far as the

maintenance and promotion of financial discipline

by the representative

authorities is concerned,"

the reportsaid.

"The Department of

Finance finds itself increasingly in the position

where symptoms of this

problem, namely uncontrolled expenditure and

deficits on budgets of

these authorities, simply

have to be supplemented

from State funds in order

to allow these administrations to survive," it

adds.

Mr Schwarz believes

;that because of the financial obligations created by

South Africa dishing out

huge additional funds to

keep the representative

authorities running, a

situation is being created

whereby it will be difficult

to allege that free arid fair

elections are taking place

in the event of independence elections being

held.

Disturbing

According to the report, the situation relating .to the South West

African administration's

total finances is equally

disturbing. It alleges a

state has been reached

where the territory fits

the definition of a socialist state — and not that of

either a capitalist and

socialist democracy.

It states that the expenditure of the territory had

already maued appreciably beyond the financial capacity of the central Government and could be expected within a few years

to go "totally out of control".

Loan funds were increasingly being used to

cover current expenditure

— another infringement

of one of the important

norms laid down by the

SA Department of Finance.

The report is critical of

nearly every aspect of the

territory's finances, including living standards

among priveleged sectors,

which were beyond the

i territory's capacity to

bear and which had created expectations in other

population sectors.

Debt

.; The report states that

only one country in Africa in 1980 had a public

debt of more than 100

percent of national income, and it predicted

that South West Africa

would move into this situation in 1987.

; it suggests that the

Government of the territory must drastically curtail and ratilise its activities and recommends,

among other things, that

SWA should reduce the

amount ofJoans' it is taking in relation its gross

domestic product but increase the percentage of

its budget spent on capital

projects.

U6
NIGERIA

PANEL OF EXPERTS REPORTS ON ECONOMY

London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Jun 83 p 1620

[Article by Onyema Ugochukwu]

[Text]

THE Nigerian Government has

now published the white paper

on the report of the Penel of

Experts set up in February by

the National Economic Council

(West Africa February 14. 1983)

"to review the present economic

situation in the country, identify

the main economic problems

and recommend the immediate

and long-term solutions to such

problems".

The white paper on the report

noted that "most of the NEC

recommendations are restatements of either old or existing

Federal Government policies".

This accurate observation

however does not make the report useless. What it rather reflects is the known fact that

Nigerian economic policy has

been long on diagnosis and short

on implementation. The report

may be saying in effect that if

existing policy measures had

been implemented, the economy

would be in better shape than it

has been in recent times, and

repetition may be one way of

encouraging enthusiasm for implementation.

It is also true that not all the

recommendations of the panel

are restatements of existing policy. Some are quite interestingly

new, while a few others have

defined more "clearly the outlines

of policy, where previously a

mass of measures that could

hardly be identified as any policy, existed.

In the section on revenue, and

expenditure, the report recommends that all public sector

capital projects be suspended;

that of course is necessarily a

short term measure. The important recommendations are that

all on-going projects should be

reviewed for cost and rescheduled where necessary, and that

efforts should be made to bring

the costs of projects in Nigeria in

line with what obtains elsewhere. These, no doubt, reflect

existing government policy represented in the white paper on

the report of the Ministerial

Panel on the excessively high

cost of government contracts.

But the fact is that since the

white paper, there has been no

evidence, that any efforts have

been made to enure that Nigerian contract costs are more

realistic than before.

Thei-ecommendation on political appointees is also very relevant. There is no doubt that

too much of the country's resources are currently spent of

administration. The 19-state

structure in Nigeria is sustainable only if limits are put on how

many party-patronage jobs a

Chief executive can create. Such

a limit had been imposed before,

under the Obasanjo administration, and the present situation

ought to encourage legislators to

try to impose a constitutional

limit. The dissipation of the

national wealth in wasteful

administration, if not checked,

could bring the system down, by

creating resentments and undermining the work-ethic in the

society.

The recommendations on external trade and financial flows

introduce novel ideas, such as

imposing a surcharge of N 100 on

all airline tickets purchased in

Nigeria for travel outside Africa.

But some of its recommendations also appear naive; the

monthly import bill ceiling for

instance is quite unrealistic, and

in any case, should be a matter

determined by the level of activity in the economy.

But a more serious failing is

that the Panel fell shy of making

recommendations on how to

tackle the high foreign exchange

wastage that exists in Nigeria. It

said nothing about setting up an

appropriate exchange rate regime to check capital flight from

Nigeria; it said nothing about

tackling the widespread practice

by which officals accept on behalf of the public, contracts with

foreign firms, which they would

never consider if they were

spending their own money, and

it made no mention of the large

amounts of foreign exchange

which Nigeria loses by allowing

foreign banks to charge commissions on confirmation of Nigerian letters of credit, or on how'

to turn Nigeria's dreams of exporting manufactured goods into

reality. These failings have diminished the reports importance as

a blue print for restructuring the

Nigerian economy for long-term

stability.

(Next week: The recom

mendations the panel refused to

make.)

CSO: 3400/1655

hi
NIGERIA

BRIEFS

ABUSE OF FEDECO HIT—President Shehu Sagari has appealed to all political

parties to desist from inciting the masses and members of the armed forces

against the Federal Government in order not to endanger the smooth transition

of government to the next administration. He urged 'politicians to stop casting aspersions on FEDECO, adding that in compliance with the constitutional

provisions for the independence and neutrality of FEDECO, his administration

would not assist the commission in any way, except on request. Presenting

certificates to armed forced personnel on the completion of a nine-month

course at the Command and Staff College, the President said that the armed

forces had no part in the political administration of the country. "It is

unfortunate that some misguided political utterances so far have tended to

suggest otherwise, but it is my belief that the level of awareness of the

present-day Nigerian armed forces is such that would never tolerate misguided

elements from either within or without the system," he said. The President

said that the Government was currently studying some recommendation aimed at

harmonising the salaries of armed forces personnel and improving their welfare.

He reiterated the determination of his administration to build a "virile armed

forces" and that plans were under way to restructure the Defence Industries

Corporation to enable it produce 50 per cent of the nation's arms and ammunition. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Jul 83 p 1632]

FEDECO DEMANDS MORE MONEY—The Federal Electoral Commission (FEDECO) has made

an urgent request to the Federal Government to provide it with N2m. to purchase

about 230 vehicles for the conduct of the forthcoming general elections, according to a report in the NATIONAL CONCORD. The paper said the commission

plans to hire an undisclosed number of helicopters and speed boats to take

care of all problems of transportation that may mar smooth conduct of the

elections. The helicopters and speed boats would be used to facilitate movement of FEDECO's personnel and materials especially within the riverine areas.

Quoting what it called authoritative sources at FEDECO's headquarters in Lagos,

the NATIONAL CONCORD said that request for the N2m. followed the acute shortage of vehicles available to FEDECO and lack of funds to purchase the required

number that would be adequate for the needs of the elections. The minimum

number of various types of vehicles said to be required by FEDECO was put at

2,750. Now, the paper said the commission has only 152 vehicles, and as a

result, it plans to hire over 2,300 more for the distribution and retrieval

of electoral materials during the elections. The sources disclosed that top

FEDECO officials have already approached the government for the N2m. while

1*8
the government is said to be giving serious consideration to the request.

[Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Jul 83 p 1632]

FEDECO IN COURT—A Lagos High Court has ordered FEDECO to stop further

action in the processing of nomination papers of Senator Amoh Ebute to contest

the Benue Central Senatorial seat. The ruling followed an interlocutory

injunction filed by Mr. Ogaba Ede, challenging the substitution of Mr. Ameh

Ebute's name against his own, which he claimed was constitutionally conducted.

The plaintiff had claimed that he was nominated unopposed as a senatorial candidate of the NPP on April 18, 1983. He said that since the nomination, no

dispute has arisen and that he has since filed nomination papers with the

FEDECO. Mr. Ede further deposed that he was surprised to discover that his

name was deleted from the nomination paper that was jointly signed by the

National Chairman of the party, Chief Adeniran Ogunsanya and Mr. Alex Fom,

the National Secretary. He therefure urged the court to grant the interim

order until FEDECO can argue the motion. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in

English 11 Jul 83 p 1632]

0Y0 POLLING BOOTHS—The FEDECO would construct about 10,000 polling booths

in Oyo State for the coming elections, the FEDECO's Administrative Secretary

in the state, Mr. Stephen Ajibade has announced. He said that the increase

by about 3,000 booths over the 1979 figure was necessary because of the increased number of registered voters. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English

11 Jul 83 p 1633]

BENIN CEMENT PRICE DISAGREEMENT—Deliveries of cement to Nigeria from the

Onigbolo Cement Company in Benin Republic, are being hampered by disagreements between the Nigerian and Benin Governments over pricing as well as

by transportation problems. The company, a joint-venture between the two

Governments, was scheduled to sell 60 per cent of its 300,000 tonnes per annum

output to Nigeria, starting from last April )W.A. March 21, 1983), but so far

has been unable to start deliveries. Indications of the continuing disagreement on prices was given in Lagos recently by Nigeria's Minister of National

Planning, Mrs. Adenike Ebun Oyagbola, in a meeting with the Belgian Ambassador to Nigeria, Mr. Herman Matsaert. Mr. Matsaert, whose country has offered

to finance the construction of a 813m. rail line from the factory to Ilaro

in Ogun state of Nigeria, had wanted to know whether Nigeria was still committed to taking the cement. Mrs. Oyagbola said that Nigeria would keep to

the commitment if the Benin Government agreed to remove the excise duties

currently charged on cement from the factory. She said Nigeria had already

agreed not to charge import duties on the cement and is also supplying oil

to the factory at subsidised prices, and hoped that both countries would make

all efforts to ensure that cement from the factory would be able to compete

with cement from other sources. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Jul

83 p 1621]

CHIEF NWANKW0 CONVICTED—Chief Arthur Kwankwo, has been sentenced to 12 months

imprisonment by an Onitsha High Court for sedition. Chief Nwankwo was found

guilty on two count charges of writing, publishing and circulating seditious

articles said to be contained in a book titled How Jim Nwobodo Rules Anambra

State. The presiding judge, Mr. Justice Francis Nwokedi, said that the

h9
offending materials were intended to bring the State Government to contempt

and hatred. The judge said that the opinion expressed in the book went beyond a person's intention to criticise a constituted authority, pointing out

that as the allegations included that of arms importation, it was aimed at

inciting the Federal Government into declaring a state of emergency in

Anambra. The sentence, Mr. Justice Nwokedi said, was meant to punish Chief

Nwankwo and to deter other politicians and journalists from using "vitriolic

and vexatious language against each other in writing or by words of mouth".

[Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English 11 Jul 83 p 1632]

AGREEMENT WITH CZECHOSLOVAKIA—Bauchi, 29 Jun (NAN)—The Bauchi Government

today signed an agreement with a Dzechoslovak firm, Skoda Export Praha, for

the establishment of a 13.5 million naira leafspring factory in Bauchi.

At the signing ceremony in Bauchi, the chairman of the state's Automobile

and Spareparts Nigeria Ltd, Malam Ahmed Abubakar, said that the factory

would supply about 53 percent of the leafspring needs of the various truck

assembly plants in the country. Malam Ahmed said that the factory would

produce 5,500 tonnes of leafsprings annually in the first two years and that

the figure would be increased to about 10,250 tonnes annually in its third

year of cooperation. The chairman explained that the project was part of

the state government's contribution to the implementation of the Federal

Government's policy on the use of locally manufactured materials for

vehicles assembled in the country. [Text] [AB30O830 Lagos NAN in English

0815 GMT 30 Jun 83]

CSO: 3400/1581

So
SOMALIA

PRESIDENT SIAD MEETS QAT ERADICATION COMMITTEE

Mogadishu HEEGAN in English 1 Jul 83 p 1

[Text] Mogadishu, Thursday—The Secretary-General of SRSP, Jaalle Mohamed

Siad Barre has on Monday participated in the weekly meeting of the National

Committee of the Eradication of Qat, held at the People's Hall here.

Jaalle Siad, who forwarded directives to the Committee, described the necessity which prompted the abolishment of Qat from the country and stressed the

importance of the urgent payment of the 30 per cent reward to those who take

part in the Qat eradication activities, and pointed out the need for the

replacement of Qat plantations with other valuable food producing farms.

The Secretary-General added that Qat prohibition and the abolishment law

issued followed after it has been declared that its evils had widely spread

in the various social, economic and health spheres of the Somali society;

and it became imperative to rescue its negative impact from the Somali people.

Jaalle Siad reiterated that the abolishment of Qat is a top priority, and there

is a need for taking a strong decision against those regions and districts

where its activities are rampant.

The Secretary-General pointed out the need for holding national and international level symposiums on the evils and problems of Qat and which Somali

as well as foreign intellectuals will take part.

Jaalle Siad urged the Committee members, government officials and the National

Security forces to collaborate in the Qat eradication activities and to take a

relentless war against those places where its activities are assumed to be

going on.

Prior to the Secretary-General, the Chairman of the National Committee for the

Eradication of Qat, Jaalle Abdulkadir Haji Mohamed presented a word of report,

in which he highlighted the general level of the Qat eradication activities,

the obstacles confronted experience gained and other issues which should be

met in-order to achieve the objectives behind the Qat prohibition campaign.—

SONNA

CSO: 3400/1637

5i
SOUTH AFRICA

KANGWANE CHIEF'S HANDLING OF ELECTION CHALLENGED

MB160901 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 16 Jul 83 p 3

[Text] Mbabane (SAPA)—KaNgwane chiefs in favour of a border "adjustment" with

Swaziland have submitted urgent applications to the South African Supreme Court

to have the recently-elected KaNgwane Legislative Assembly declared null and

void.

KaNgwane pro-unification leader Mr David Lukhele said in Mbabane yesterday that

the KaNgwane Legislative Assembly's chief councillor, Mr Enos Mabuza, had

created a political scandal in attempting to restrict membership of the new

legislative assembly to his supporters only.

Mr Lukhele said 12 KaNgwane pro-unification chiefs who resigned from the

previous Legislative Assembly—which expired on June 1—had done so because

they strongly disagreed with Mr Mabuza's policies.

Despite their resignations, Mr Lukhele said, they remained ex-officio members

because of their status as chiefs, and were therefore eligible for nomination

as members in the new assembly.

However, Mr Lukhele claimed that Mr Mabuza had deliberately instructed magistrates in KaNgwane not to notify those who were known to be opposed to his

views. These included the pro-unification chiefs in KaNgwane.

"In view of Mr Mabuza's illegal and unconstitutional behavior in denying people

their legal rights, the Legislative Assembly which is now in office is unconstitutional and should be declared null and void," Mr Lukhele said.

He questioned how Mr Mabuza could "aspire to become a leader when he is unprepared to accommodate anyone opposed to his own views."

CSO: 3400/1644

52
SOUTH AFRICA

EDITOR OF THE STAR COMMENTS ON FREEDOM OF PRESS

MB141437 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1243 GMT 14 Jul 83

[Report by Laura Yeatman]

[Text] Pretoria, 14 Jul (SAPA)—The press could not call itself free when

individuals were not free, the editor of the Johannesburg.newspaper THE STAR,

Mr Harvey Tyson, said in Pretoria today at a seminar on the freedom of the

South African media.

"We lost freedom when Minister Jimmy Kruger closed down THE WORLD, and put its

editor in jail," he said.

The press would not regain freedom until that law was amended: "We have to

fight for rule of law if we hope to win our own freedom."

The press had a responsibility, Mr Tyson said, not to readily accept selfcensorship.

Every government, when left unchecked, attempted to deprive its citizens of

free speech, freedom of information, and free choice.

"And of the freedoms, press freedom is among the most vulnerable because it

is so voluble and irksome to government."

Mr Tyson said moderate journalism was practiced in South Africa. "Yet the

task of the largely middle of the road press is made almost impossible by

authoritarian action."

He cited a recent example when the minister of defence, General Magnus Malan,

suggested the Defence Act might have to be tightened.

The principal of guarding real military secrets was accepted by most journalists "but our Defence Act is so wide as to be totally unworkable."

Without the press playing even a small part of its normal role, the Defence Force

would löse its credibility. The lack of public reaction in South Africa to

General Malan's speech showed how far South Africa had moved from normal

freedom, he said. "I'm convinced the South African press, if left alone,

would serve the country well."

Mr Tyson urged journalists to continue with moderate policy.

CSO: 3400/1644

53
SOUTH AFRICA

EDITORIAL COMMENTS ON EAGLEBURGER, U.S. POLICY

MB040750 Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 25 Jun 83 p 6

[Editorial: "U.S. Policy"]

[Excerpts] The Reagan administration has set out its policy on South Africa

with a clarity that should satisfy South Africa as well as some of the Reagan

administration's critics.

From our point of view, the main importance is that America's policy of constructive engagement recognizes that South Africans should be free to decide

their own future. As a newspaper, we have always taken this line.

We believe that the future is in our own hands. All that a friendly country

like the United States can do is give us encouragement to change. How we

change must be our own concern.

However, the United States does read us a lesson or two while adopting a

hands-off-South Africa policy.

Our system is morally wrong, it says, but it will be changed "by one means or

another."

The United States does not presume to offer a formula to South Africa other

than to say that all South Africans must have a say in determining their

political system.

The United States stands against injustice and therefore rejects the legal

and political premises and consequences of apartheid.

In setting out the American policy, the undersecretary of state for political

affairs, Mr Lawrence Eagleburger, said the message to South Africa from the

West was;

"First, we agree with those South Africans who recognize that change is imperative and, second, that we are determined to permit them the opportunity

to shape and define the change free of foreign intervention."

ft
American efforts should concentrate on positive steps which backed constructive change—and those who worked for it, he said.

Fair enough. That's all we expect of the united States.

Of great importance, too, for South Africa was Mr Eagleburger's emphasis that

the Reagan administration opposes calls for United States business withdrawal

from South Africa.

Disinvestment was guaranteed to make America irrelevant to South Africa's

future, he said,

Mr Eagleburger's remarks have come at a time when the campaign for disinvestment has gained ground in the United States.

The fact that the Reagan administration is against disinvestment is a plusfactor in countering that campaign.

Meanwhile, constructive engagement continues, and for that we can be grateful, too.

The United States is the Westes superpower and it has demonstrated, both in

its relations with us and also in the stand it has taken in the United

Nations Security Council, that it will not join the almost universal hostility towards us.

Whether we can demonstrate that constructive engagement will bring the results

that America expects depends on our own attitude to the policies of reform

put forward by Mr P. W, Botha.

But of one thing we can be certain; We have never had a greater opportunity

to put our own house in order, by ourselves, with the sympathy and understanding of the United States.

If we fail, we fail not the United States as much as we fail ourselves.

CSO; 3400/1580

55
SOUTH AFRICA

MAPUTO CITES INTERVIEW WITH ANC MILITARY LEADER

MB011246 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1030 GMT 1 Jul 83

[Text] In an interview published in the latest edition of SECHABA magazine,

the official organ of the African National Congress of South Africa, Joe

Slovo, the Uinkhonto We Sizwe military commander, pointed out that the

victorious operations by the South African fighters against important military strategic centers of the Pretoria regime clearly demonstrate that the

ANC has the ability to carry out any fighting mission. Joe Slovo also

said during the interview that the ANC is presently engaged in combining

the efforts of all the forces opposing the Pretoria regime and in transforming the antiracist movement into a popular war.

The military commander of Umkhdnto We Sizwe accused imperialism and, its

ally, South Africa, of intensifying subversive actions to overthrow the

revolutionary governments Of Angola and Mozambique, and to slow the independence of Namibia, with the intention of installing a puppet regime in

the territory and destabilizing the neighboring countries.

Joe Slovo pointed out that the South African racists are providing various

forms of support to the murderous puppet groups in Angola, Mozambique, and

Zimbabwe. He also said that the efforts by the Pretoria regime to destroy

the liberation movement in South Africa are doomed to failure and that in

recent years there has been an increase in the prestige of the ANC of South

Africa %

CSO; 3442/279

%
SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT AGREES TO ILO PROBE ON LABOR COMPLAINTS

MB142010 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 14 Jul 83 p 2

[Article by Anton Harber, Political Reporter]

[Text] The South African Government has agreed to allow an investigation by

the International Labour Organisation into two complaints made about this

country but has denied that this signals a change in attitude to the organisation.

South Africa pulled out of the ILO 20 years ago because it said the organisation was interfering in its domestic affairs.

Two complaints about South African labour practices have been laid before the

ILO and it is to decide in November whether it should investigate them.

The ILO recently asked South Africa for comment and the government replied

that it would welcome an official and impartial investigation.

The SOUTHERN AFRICAN REPORT, a newsletter circulated mostly overseas, claimed

this week that South Africa had turned a somersault in its relationship with

the ILO.

The report said this could create a favourable climate which could lead to the

country reapplying to join the international body with benefits to the country

as a whole.

But Dr. T. J. van der Merwe, Director-General of Manpower, said yesterday it

was incorrect to read too much into South Africa's response.

There had never been a request for an investigation from the ILO before, so

it was impossible to say there had been a change of policy.

According to the report, the complaints came from the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions and the World Federation of Trade Unions.

The first claimed harassment and persecution of four black women trade unionists

who had been detained without trial, and the second complaint was in connection

with the shooting of a number of black miners during a dispute last year.

CSO: 3400/1644

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SOUTH AFRICA

UNIVERSITY JOINS CRITICISM OF CONSTITUTION BILL

MB151033 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 14 Jul 83 p 1

[Article by Peter Sullivan, Political Correspondent]

[Text] More condemnation of the proposed constitutional reforms has come from

an unexpected quarter—from a department of the University of South Africa

(UNISA), an academic body considered to be friendly to the government but

which has now joined the South African Bureau for Racial Affairs (SABRA) in

attacking the proposals.

In 123 pages of carefully reasoned argument, the university's constitutional

and International Law Department says the government's bill does not even

deserve to be called a constitution.

"The concept merely tries to create cooperative structures for whites, colored

people and Indians," it says.

The department's criticisms have been published in a booklet entitled: "A

Commentary on the Draft Constitution."

The booklet says the bill can best be described as creating a "race-federation."

It differs from a federal structure in that there is no territorial basis for

its components (the races) and it does not have a clear delineation of legislative competencies.

"Which affairs are 'own' and which are 'common' depends in essence on the

decision of one man, the president, and what is today 'own' can tomorrow be

'common,'" the commentary says.

"No real legislative segmental autonomy is given to the various races or is

guaranteed.

"This means that certainty is given away or, at the very least, is called

strongly into question.

58
"It is an important lack in the draft that there is uncertainty about its

working," the commentary says.

Neither politicians nor lawyers understand exactly how it will function, whereas a constitution should leave them in no doubt.

On the powers of the president, the commentary says it almost seems as if the

law-making authority depends on the president's desires.

"The president also appears to be under few, if any, controls."

Later the commentary says the president should be more directly elected, there

should be a division between the executive and legislature, and the executive

should be subject to stricter controls.

While the commentary clearly says it is not representing the entire university,

this department's rejection of the proposals will be seen as UNISA's rejection

of them in academic circles.

CSO: 3400/1644

59
SOUTH AFRICA

JOHANNESBURG LISTS JONATHAN'S POLITICAL WOES

MB070932 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1530 GMT 7 Jul 83

[Station commentary: "Chief Jonathan's Self-Destruction"]

[Text] Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan of Lesotho has become a menace to

Southern Africa, to his own country, and not least, it is becoming more and

more evident, to himself. Given the minute political arena from which he

operates, the damage he can do in the subcontinent is fortunately limited.

That which he may do to Lesotho, by ending the South African connection

that is its lifeline, is substantial. But no doubt he is depending on

South Africa's known commitment to cooperation to keep the lifeline more or

less intact. The harm he seems intent on doing himself, however, is ultimate. After 13 years of grimly hanging on to the power he seized in an

abortive election, the portly premier looks like self-destructing.

Chief Jonathan has been accused of aiming to turn Lesotho into the Cuba of

Southern Africa. Whether that is his intention or he is motivated by simply

vain glory, opportunities for subcontinental subversion have clearly been

opened up by his recent visit to Eastern Europe and Asia. Since his return,

the new Soviet ambassador to Lesotho has presented his credentials, and next

in the queue are the men from Communist China, North Korea, Romania, and

Yugoslavia. Governments alive to the implications will no doubt react appropriately, but the fact remains that by introducing the "big boys," as he

admiringly calls them, Chief Jonathan has introduced another disturbing element into the Southern African scene.

The summary abandonment of a breakthrough agreement reached in Johannesburg

early last month was the second major development since the visit. On 3 June,

Foreign Minister Pik Botha of South Africa and Evaristus Sekhonyana of Lesotho

agreed on a formula for peaceful cooperation between the two countries.

Within 3 weeks Mr Sekhonyana was accusing Pretoria of wanting to overthrow

the Lesotho Government, and the lobbying at the United Nations on behalf of

so-called refugees of the ANC in Lesotho had been resumed. Explanations must

no doubt be sought in both the prime minister's communist tour and in his

need to revive South Africa as a scapegoat as Lesotho was caught up in a resurgence of internal unrest.

60
But gambling his country's welfare on a renewed rupture with South Africa

is by no means the worst of Prime Minister Jonathan's problem. The internal military confrontation of the past few weeks are just the latest signs

of how deep is the popular discontent with his rule. There are reports of

widespread intimidation by constituency coordinators, cadres of government

supporters sent out into the country ostensibly to make preparation for the

long promised elections. But open criticism is growing

The newsletter of the Roman Catholic Church, representing 40 percent of the

Basuto people, has condemned Chief Jonathan's new ties with communist governments. Former Foreign Minister Charles Molavo and several other members

of parliament have resigned. The alienation of the Lesotho leader from his

people is more or less complete.

CSO: 3400/1580

61
SOUTH AFRICA

SABRA AFFAIR REASON TO RETHINK REFORMS

MB071420 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 6 Jul 83 p 10

[Editorial: "Broedertwis Helps to Clear the Air"]

[Text] For a secret "cultural" body, the Broederbond is being neither very

secretive nor very cultural at the moment. The well-publicized rift in the

Bond, whatever else it may show, disposes once and for all of the charade

that this is a non-political organisation with only a passing interest in

the affairs of government. The Bond of course has always been neck deep

in behind-the-scenes political manipulation; and if its present head is

out of sympathy with the present government on reform, why then, off with

the head.

Another myth exposed is that the SA Bureau of Racial Affairs was ever a

real academic think-tank rather than a purveyor of cranky rightwing ideologies. Its flirtations with coloured "homelands" and the like were well

enough known, but Professor Boshoff's rejection of the draft constitution

confirms just where he stands. It also signals that SABRA, for what it is

worth, will now be available as a Conservative Party rallying base. That this

has lost SABRA its R70,000 annual state grant is ironic and revealing. Even

when it ostensibly supported Mr P. W. Botha, did it ever deserve taxpayers'

money?

So...the big shake-out in Afrikanerdom continues and the battle lines are

demarcated further. The Broederbond has been saved from a rightwing hijack

and an acknowledged verlighte [enlightened one] installed at its head. But

the Broedertwis [fighting among brothers] will continue in other institutions;

and not all the victories may go to the National Party. In consequence Mr

Botha is likely to "run scared," retreating even further on already overcautious changes. Since he will never regain the trust of the right-wingers,

the shape-up suggests yet another reason to re-think his reform plans so as

to make them more acceptable to others.

CSO: 3400/1580

62
SOUTH AFRICA

ATTEMPTS TO EVADE RIKHOTO JUDGMENT SCORED

MB142012 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 14 Jul 83 p 8

[Editorial: "Evading Rikhoto" ]

[Text] The government continues to attempt to evade the consequences of

the Rikhoto judgment. In terms of the Appeal Court's ruling, permanent

urban rights must be granted to migrant workers who have worked for one

employer for 10 years or different employers for 15 years.

But the West Rand Administration Board admits it is not implementing the

decision. Instead, it is discriminating against migrant workers from the

so-called independent states of Transkei, Ciskei, Bophuthatswana and Venda.

Those who completed their 10 or 15 years of service before independence

are being given their due Section 10 urban right. But the right is being

withheld from those whose service ended after independence.

WRAB's chairman, Mr John Knoetze, says: "Our interpretation is that they

don't quality, but we have referred their applications to head office for a

final decision."

It is astonishing that WRAB, an administrative body, should take it upon

itself to decide upon the meaning of an Appeal Court decision. If it has

reasons for doubt then naturally it will refer to Pretoria: but in the meantime it has no right to refuse to implement the court's decision, and thus

to restrict even further the government's announced qualified acceptance

of Rikhoto.

Indeed, Mrs Sheena Duncan, president of the Black Sash, attacks the WRAB

policy as "totally unlawful." This is on top of her previous accusation

against WRAB that it responded to applications for Rikhoto rights with "a

clear policy of delay." Mrs Duncan knows what she is speaking about—her

years-long opposition to influx control has made her probably the country's

foremost authority on the subject.

One consequence of WRAB's action is to show up yet again the fundamentally

racist nature of separate development and the creation of the "homelands."

Without wishing to be disrespectful to immigrants, the fact is that people

63
from Britain, Holland, Germany, Israel, Portugal, Greece or wherever are

all made welcome here—provided they are white. They can work and live

virtually where they please—certainly in the most desirable parts of the

country—-travel as they please and even quality for state pensions at the

higher level ordained for whites. But not so for South Africans who happen

to be black—-they must live in ghetto areas placed well outside cities

and villages, their movements are severely restricted, and a lifetime of

work in helping to build up South Africa is rewarded by a low-grade state

pension.

And even though their tribal "homelands" get what is called independence,

they remain subject to the same harsh Conditions of control. Independence

does not give them any escape from their colour or from racial discrimination.

Could the dishonesty of the "freedom" promised by separate development possibly

be more manifest?

CSO: 3400/1644

6k
SOUTH AFRICA

JOHANNESBURG COMMENTS ON MOFELI*S EXPULSION

MB131607 Johannesburg International Service in English 1500 GMT 13 Jul 83

[Station commentary: "The Lesotho Parliament"]

[Text] It is to be hoped that the international community so frequently

approached by Lesotho for economic and other aid is keeping a close watch

on what has been happening in that country.

The latest development in the country that never stops accusing South Africa

of being undemocratic is that the leader of the opposition United Democratic

Party, Mr Charles Mofeli, has been expelled from parliament because in an

interview with South African television news he criticized the Jonathan

government. The motion calling for Mr Mofeli's expulsion was introduced by

Foreign Minister Evaristus Sekhonyana and claimed inter alia that he had said

that Lesotho provided military bases to the ANC and thereby invited foreign

intervention. In fact, Mr Mofeli had not said that Lesotho provided military

bases to the ANC. He merely said that such a suspicion existed in South Africa,

that it was impossible to check on the clandestine activities of the ANC, and

that it would therefore be a good idea to remove them to other countries.

Foreign Minister Sekhonyana himself told the South African Broadcasting Corporation in an interview that it would be naive to discount the possibility that the

ANC is involved in subversive acts in South Africa originating in Lesotho, but

that this was being done clandestinely. If guilt is to be alleged, therefore,

he is as guilty as Mr Mofeli in inviting so-called foreign intervention.

Certainly, recent events underline that the Jonathan government is fighting

with their backs to the wall. Because there has been no election in the

past 13 years, the Basutoland Congress Party's military wing, the Lesotho

Liberation Army, is attempting to sow disruption and overthrow the government

by force. Mr Mofeli has now been kicked out of parliament; so another opposition voice has been stifled.

The Catholic Church, representing 40 percent of the nation, is alarmed over

Lesotho's relations with the communist states and has issued repeated statements

criticizing Chief Jonathan's diplomatic activities.

65
Chief Jonathan's attacks on South Africa at the United Nations and ANC terrorist

activities out of Lesotho have annoyed South Africa to the extent where the

South African Government has not only warned of further strikes at ANC bases

in Lesotho, but has hinted at the removal of Lesotho workers employed in

South Africa. There are 140,000 such workers constituting more than half of

Lesotho's entire labor force. So such a step would be disastrous.

The reason why South Africa has taken no such drastic action yet is because

it has no quarrel with the Lesotho people. It is the Jonathan government

that is causing the trouble to the detriment of the nation.

CSO: 3400/1644

66
SOUTH AFRICA

SOUTHERN AFRICA DEVELOPMENT BANK ESTABLISHED

MB301856 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1516 GMT 30 Jun 83

[Text] Cape Town, 30 Jun (SAPA)—The Development Bank of Southern Africa,

formally established in Cape Town today, will be a multilateral institution

with the republics of South Africa, Transkei, Bothuthatswana, Venda and

Ciskei as original members.

Other independent states in Southern Africa might also become members while

the self-governing nonindependent national states woudl participate as constituent parts of the South African republic, according to a press statement

issued at the formal signing ceremony by the participating heads of government of the bank's articles of agreement.

The nonindependent states would receive the same priority in the operations

of the bank as those of the full-fledged members.

There would also be a provision for associate membership for countries outside Southern Africa, such as developed countries which might wish to contribute to the bank's resources, the statement said.

The bank would support economic development mainly by granting loans and

providing technical assistance and training.

"In time it may become the most important instrument for the transfer of developed resources from the more to the less developed areas in the Southern

African economic region."

The Development Bank would not be just another financial institution.

"It will specifically not compete with the well developed private financial

sector of South Africa, but will only become involved in supporting activities

concerned with real needs, which by their nature cannot be met by private interests."

Its operation would, therefore, be concentrated on such aspects as infrastructural development in which the private sector could not, or would not

become involved because of the long repayment periods and the high proportion

of indirect, nonchargeable benefits which such projects entailed.

67
"Acting as a catalyst for development, it will therefore not take upon itself

typically private sector functions.

"It will take over and in the process rationalise the development cooperation

functions of the central South African Government while providing for other

member states of the bank to participate in the decision-making of these

functions."

The operational activities of the bank would be aimed at sustaining the highest possible degree of efficiency and cost effectiveness by the use of a project

cycle as the basis for lending.

The bank would be an instrument of economic cooperation in the Southern African

region, and involvement in political, constitutional or other extra-economic

issues would be specifically proscribed by its articles of agreement, the

statement said.

The bank*s financial resources would comprise share-capital, loans raised in

the local and foreign capital markets, and contributions made to a development

fund by members.

Of the initial authorised share-capital of R2,000 million, only R200 million

would be paid up by the five member states in the first five years, leaving

the remaining Rl,800 million as a liability of the member governments against

which loans could be raised in the capital markets.

Projects for which the bank would grant loans to the participating governments

would in general not be able to bear market-related interest rates and redemption conditions.

Because of this, the South African Government has undertaken to make available

to the bank in the first five-year period of its existence a minimum amount of

$1,500 million to be paid into a development fund administered by the bank.

This commitment would be extended annually in a five-year cycle and would

permit the bank to plan ahead on a longer-term basis, and to lend out funds

raised at market interest rates in the capital markets on conditions appropriate to the nature of the infrastructural projects to be financed.

The fact that the bank's headquarters would not be in Pretoria or the capital

of any of the other participating states would underline its independence from

political influences *

It would instead be in the Johannesburg area, which was the hub of the financial

sector of southern Africa, to ensure close links between the bank and the local

and international financial communities.

*'As the need arises, however, branch offices can be set up in other parts of

southern Africa."

CSO: 3400/1580

68
SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKAANS STUDENTS SHOW SIGNS OF TOLERANCE

MB121011 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 12 Jul 83 p 1

[Article by Chris Friemond and Helene Zampetakis]

[Text] In a move indicating growing tolerance among young Afrikaners of other

peoples points of view, the Afrikaans Studentebond congress in Pretoria yesterday effectively rejected a motion criticising conscientious objectors and

thanking the government for its strict action against them.

Opponents of the motion said a person had the right to decide as an individual

and in terms of his faith whether or not to undergo national service.

The motion, by Mr Henk Stoker, of Potchefstroom University, asked the congress

to: fully support the SADF in its defence of the country; call on

conscientious objectors to obey the laws on national service in the light

of the Fifth Commandment; thank the government for its strict action against

conscientious objectors and ask it to continue its action.

Mr Stoker said a person underwent national service as an organ of the state

and not as an individual.

Miss Irma van Rensberg, also of Potchefstroom University said a person could

be justified, in certain circumstances, in opposing the authority of the state.

A "war psychosis" already existed among Afrikaners and it was not necessary

to make it worse, she said.

An amendment to the motion, proposing the scrapping of the second and third

points because they questioned the faith of an individual and tried to prescribe

to him, was carried by a majority vote.

The first point of the motion was then carried unanimously.

The Studentebond generally maintained a united front on the first day of its

annual congress despite the widening political split in Afrikanerdom.

69
But with three days to go, the possibility exists that rising tensions will

surface and polarise the organisation.

In his opening address, ASB President Mr Andre Bartlett called for unity

and said: "That we are politically divided is a fact that cannot be explained away. The existence of differences of opinion and of different

political parties is also not necessarily wrong, but a sign of healthy

democracy."

In an obvious acknowledgement that the ASB executive was in danger of

falling into the hands of one or other of the two factions struggling

for Afrikaner supremacy, Mr Bartlett said the organisation should distance

itself from "attempts to force colourless uniformity of thoughts" onto the

ASB and from attempts to draw the ASB and its executive into the camp of only

one political party.

In an interview later, Mr Bartlett said he could not foresee a split in the

ASB along party political lines.

He believed the split in the National Party and the Afrikaner Broederbond

had had a positive effect on the ASB.

CSO: 3400/1644

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SOUTH AFRICA

PIET KOORNHOF COMMENTS ON LANDMARK RIKHOTO JUDGMENT

MB010814 Umtata Capital Radio in English 0600 GMT 01 Jul 83

[Text] Cooperation and Development Minister Piet Koornhof has given indications on how he will implement the landmark Rikhoto judgment. He has told

a news conference in Cape Town that he would not block the granting of

Section 10 rights to migrant workers with 15 years of service with more than

one employer. However, Koornhof said migrant workers with lodger's permits

will not be able to bring their families to the city because, he said, a

lodger's permit would not be acceptable as approved accommodation. His

statement follows considerable confusion as to whether migrant workers will

be allowed urban residence rights if they worked under conditions different

from those considered by the Appeals Court in the Rikhoto case.

In another development Koornhof said he would seriously consider another

watershed decision handed down by the Natal Provincial Division of the

Supreme Court. The courts [word indistinct] that the legal definition

of the terms idle and undesirable were incorrect. The court urged the

government to scrap a section of the acts which empowers commissioners to

banish so-called idle people to prison farms for up to 2 years.

CSO: 3400/1580

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SOUTH AFRICA

PARTIES ACCUSED OF FURTHERING RSA INTERESTS

MB081341 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 8 Jul 83

[Text] the member of parliament for the ruling Basotho National Party,

Mr Desmond Sixishe, has alleged that the leaders of the United Democratic

Party, and Marematlou Freedom Party are bought and paid for by South Africa

and are being used to further the interests of that country.

Mr Sixishe was speaking on a motion by Chief (Setinane Mapheleba), requesting government to sever relations with communist countries. He said that it

should be clear that Lesotho has established relations with socialist states

on a government-^to-government basis, and this does not in any way affect the

ideological belief of individual states. He made it clear that unlike the

MFP and BCP, both of which were advocating socialism in their election

manifestos, the BNP never committed itself in that manner. Mr Sixishe stated

that a sane political party and government should be able to adjust itself

with changes.

He pointed out that all countries, with the exception of South Africa, have

diplomatic relations with socialist countries and have severed relations

with Taiwan. He said it would not be wise for Lesotho to continue to have

relations with Taiwan when all free world countries have none.

Mr Sixishe stressed that it is an open truth that imperialistic states like

South Africa continue to oppose Africans under the pretense that they are

fighting the so-called communist monster.

CSO: 3400/1633

72
SOUTH AFRICA

PAPER CRITICIZES RADIO COMMENTARY ON LESOTHO

MB091046 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 8 Jul 83 p 6

[Editorial: "Let's Try Diplomacy"]

[Text] It is time our country regained some civility, sophistication and

maturity in handling foreign affairs. Diplomacy has two meanings, and

both should be exercised by our government and state radio. The minister

of foreign affairs is inclined to bluster, but now the anonymous voice of

the SABC's "Current Affairs" has gone too far in imitating him. Yesterday

the radio commentator launched an extraordinary personal attack on Prime

Minister Jonathan of Lesotho, saying among other things that "the portly

premier" had "become a menace to Southern Africa, to his own country and not

least, to himself."

As a state-owned corporation, the SABC carries great responsibility in that

it is seen as the voice of the nation. It has no right to indulge in personal slanging matches or to be seen as stirring up internal dissension in

a neighbouring state. One questions the necessity for SABC having "editorials" at the (the BBC does not), but if it is felt they are needed, then it

had better exercise some responsibility. The sledgehammer style is immature

and counter-productive.

Only a month ago, after, a meeting between Mr Botha and his Lesotho counterpart, it appeared that differences between the two countries had been cooled

down. But now, Mr Botha is back on the boil again and the SABC has overzealously followed suit. It would be better occupied in analysing what went

wrong.

CSO: 3400/1633

73
SOUTH AFRICA

STUDENT GROUP OPPOSES CONSTITUTION PLAN

MB071623 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1455 GMT 7 Jul 83

[Excerpt] Cape Town, 7 Jul (SAPA)—The National Union of South African

Students [NUSAS] is to intensify its campaign against the new constitution.

The president, Miss Kate Philip, said in an interview that NUSAS would take

the campaign to the five English-speaking university campuses in the next

few months.

She said NUSAS had partially tested students' responses to the draft constitution through surveys on most of the campuses.

"Many students seem confused about the fact that the new constitution is presented in the mass media as a step in the right direction, while it is clear

that, in fact, it entrenches apartheid and is premised on the irreversibility

of the bantustan," Miss Philip said.

"We will do our best to clarify these issues to get a united opposition."

This had been decided at the annual NUSAS "festival"—entitled Beyond Reform:

The Challenge of Change—in Cape Town this week.

CSO: 3400/1580

71;
SOUTH AFRICA

FIRST INDIAN NIC EXECUTIVE MEETING IN 15 YEARS

MB011110 Umtata Capital Radio in English 1000 GMT 1 Jul 83

[Text] The Natal Indian Congress is holding an historic meeting in Durban.

It is the first time that the executives of the NIC has been able to meet

in 15 years. The delegates include at least four people whose banning

orders expired last night. The meeting was addressed by (George Soopersadh),

who has been banned for a total of 9 years.

[Begin recording] Banning orders on many democratic South Africans have not

been reimposed is of great significance and is a landmark in the people's

struggle for freedom. The struggle waged over the past few years has demonstrated beyond any doubt that bannings and other forms of repression would

not stem the people's onward march towards democracy and justice. I express

the solidarity of the oid congress movement with those who are still banned,

[end recording]

CSO: 3400/1580

75
SOUTH AFRICA

PAPER QUESTIONS HARSH RESPONSE TO TERRORISM

MB301315 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 29 Jun 83 p 10

[Editorial: "The Cycle of Violence"]

[Text] The chief of the SADF warns South Africans to prepare themselves

psychologically for "the war ahead"...and coincidentally two more bombs go

off, destroying government offices in Roodepoort. Is this to be the accepted pattern of life in South Africa? Or are there still alternatives

to the slide towards incipient civil war?

We believe there are; but to achieve them will require a major reappraisal

by the state and its voting citizens of what kind of future they envisage.

The important clue is to be found in that same address by General Constand

Viljoen, where he spoke of winning "hearts and minds" among the populace.

These days that voice of reason is generally muffled by the drumbeat of

war—and the explosions. The general was also right in saying that South

Africa should not react as terrorists expect it to. Wise political solutions, not wild anger, should be the response. Racial polarisation should

be avoided.

Of course law and order must be preserved. But this will not be achieved,

except in a very short-term sense, in cross-border raids, nor in hanging

terrorists. Nor in harsh laws which drive men to desperate extremes. Yesterday a dying man of 74, Oscar Mpetha, was jailed for five years. The judge

who found him guilty of terrorism said he would have suspended the whole

sentence had not the law made five years mandatory. Consider: does a law

like this do anything to win hearts and minds? Or does it merely bring

confrontation closer?

CSO: 3400/1580

76
SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT POLICY CREATES BLACK HOUSING CRISIS

MB111413 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0815 GMT 11 Jul 83

[Text] Cape Town, 11 Jul (SAPA)—Government policy had created a black

housing crisis of alarming proportions in the Cape peninsula which could

have seriously aggravated social problems within the community, according

to research findings.

Mrs Kim Elias, of the sociology department's research unit at the University

of Stellenbosch, published her findings in a paper entitled "The Provision

of Urban Black Housing in the Peninsula Between 1900 and 1982."

According to the paper, the crisis—which began at the turn of the century—

had now reached the stage where at least 10,000 additional family dwelling

units were required to alleviate critical overcrowding and squatter conditions

in the townships.

Throughout the period covered by the paper, responsible authorities had

responded "only when housing conditions had deteriorated to such a level that

they were perceived as a threat to the well-being of the wider community."

For example, Mrs Elias writes, the first "native location" of Uitvlugt (later

Ndabeni) was established in 1901 as a result of the outbreak of bubonic plague

in Cape Town.

Guguletu, and in particular the Nyanga Transit Camp, were developed in response

to the "appalling" squatter conditions at Windermere and other areas in the

peninsula. New Crossroads was initiated in response to squatter conditions,

which had led to the proclamation of Crossroads as an emergency camp.

Mrs Elias writes that the government's coloured labour preference policy in

the western Cape has further aggravated the crisis since 1948.

The policy of limiting and systematically reducing the number of blacks in

the area had strongly influenced decisions on the provision of housing.

77
An attempt had been made to limit the demand for family dwellings in the urban

areas of the peninsula and the Eiselen Line area by providing hostel accommodation for single migrant workers.

However, Mrs Elias writes, the consistent growth in the peninsula's black

population during the past three decades—from 60,000 in 1960 to 180,400 in

1980—suggested that these expectations of central government were not

realised.

The net effect had been that the housing backlog had continued to grow,

increasing squatting and overcrowding.

As a result of the housing crisis, the paper suggested that "serious social

problems will develop within the community, if they have not already manifested themselves."

CSO: 3400/1644

78
SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT BEGINS HOUSING SALES TO BLACKS

MB010752 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 1 Jul 83

[Text] The sale of almost one-half million housing units by the state, local

authorities, and administration boards to the public begins today. The sale

is being organized by the Department of Community Development and follows,

among other things, the recommendations of the (Steyn) Commission on the financing of housing for members of the black communities.

The sales coordinator of the Department of Community Development, Mr (Johan

Kruger), has said in Pretoria that an estimated 350,000 housing units have

already been identified by local authorities and administration boards for

sale to blacks. Mr (Kruger) said that building societies have given tremendous support to the campaign and that one society had already earmarked

100 million rand for the project. Building societies fix certain conditions

for all financing, and the same condition would apply to members of different population groups. Building societies were prepared to accept much

lower standards for housing than in the past.

Mr (Kruger) said that although the scheme was aimed mainly at houses, there

were no limitations on the sale of flats under the sectional title scheme

with services. Preference was, however, being given to houses and stands

with services because there was still uncertainty over who would be responsible for the administration of flats in a relatively unsophisticated community .

CSO: 3400/1580

19
SOUTH AFRICA

ROLES OF BLACK FARMERS, U.S. FIRMS DISCUSSED

MB071709 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1636 GMT 7 Jul 83

[Excerpts] Cape Town, 7 Jul (SAPA)—A call for black farmers to unionise to

negotiate more successfully with the government was made at the 19th Annual

Conference of NAFCOC in Cape Town.

Addressing the National African Federated Chambers of Commerce on making

black agriculture in South Africa more productive, Dr S. I. Ijijorokisa, of

SWA/Namibia, compared the well-developed white agricultural sector with the

under-developed black one.

White chainstore groups were today challenged to fight for blacks to be allowed to trade in white areas. This would establish their credentials for

trading in the black areas, the general secretary of the Transkei Chamber of

Commerce, Mr A. S. Nkonyeni, said at the 19th Annual Conference of the National

African Federated Chambers of Commerce.

Greatly improved opportunities for black housing are seen in the government's

new housing policy by Dr Robin Lee of the Urban Foundation. At the 19th Annual

NAFCOC Conference at the Good Hope Centre, Cape Town, Dr Lee said today that

in terms of the government's acceptance of the Viljoen Commission's recommendations, the scope of black participation in urban development and control of

their own housing affairs had improved considerably.

South African companies had a better record for helping black industrialists

than American ones, the acting general manager of the Small Business Development Corporation (Northern Region), Mr A. M. Kedzierski told the NAFCOC conference today.

Mr Kedzierski, told the conference he was amazed that NAFCOC had been unable

to get more companies to allow black-owned companies to manufacture under

licence or sub-assemble. I have personally spent many hours trying to convince—even coerce—overseas companies to give work to our industrialists,

especially those companies who stand up in public and make speeches about their

assistance to the less privileged sector of our economy. So far I have found

those organisations to be less helpful than one would have liked them to have

been, or as one has read about in the newspapers. There seems to be a massive

difference between what some, especially American companies say and what they

actually do. We have met with better success with the South African-oriented

companies and even smaller companies, Mr Kedzierski reported.

CSO: 3400/1580

80
SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

FEDERAL SYSTEM SUGGESTED—President Matanzima of Transkei and the chief ministers

of Lebowa, Gazankulu and Qwa Qwa have criticized the government's constitutional

proposals, but at a meeting at Kempton Park they admitted that so far black

leaders in South Africa had failed to come to an agreement on an alternative

solution. The meeting of black leaders was convened by Dr Phatudi of Lebowa

to discuss a federal system for the country. The summit was also attended

by representatives of Venda and KaNgwane, and it was decided to meet again

on October 5. [Text] [MB111849 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English

1700 GMT 11 Jul 83]

'GREATER SOUTH AFRICA' The chief minister of Lebowa, Dr Phatudi, has issued

a document in the Legislative Assembly at Seshego in which he said that the

representatives of black governments who attended a meeting at Kempton Park

on Monday have resolved to work for the establishment of a greater South

Africa based on nonracialism and democracy. The meeting was convened by

Dr Phatudi and attended by President Matanzima of Transkei, the chief minister

of kwaZulu, Gazankulu, and Qwa Qwa, and representatives of Venda and KaNgwane,

Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, and kwaNdebele were not represented. It says that

they have also resolved to determine a constitutional arrangement through

consultation, discussion and consensus, to build bridges between groups and

communities, and pursue dialog as the most constructive method for solving

problems and seeking answers to difficult questions. The document says they

have further resolved to resist the importation of alien ideologies, to promote international cooperation, peace and security, and to enlist the support

of free Africa, the OAU and so-called Frontlines States. [Text] [MB131651

Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 13 Jul 83]

LABOR LIAISON OFFICIALS—The governments of Bophuthatswana and South Africa

have reached an agreement in terms of the labor agreement between the countries

to appoint labor liaison officials at the labor bureaus in South Africa. The

first of these officials will be appointed to the Roslyn Labor Bureau in the

Pretoria area. The official will act as a mediator between Bophuthatswana

citizens, administration board officers, and employers, should differences

arise. [Text] [MB141302 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT

15 Jul 83]

81
URBAN RESIDENCE FOR BLACKS—The position regarding urban residence in

South Africa for blacks from homelands which have opted for independence

have been clarified. A statement has been released today by the head of

the West Rand Administration Board, (Jon Knoetze). He says qualification

endorsement for documents of blacks from the normally independent states

could only be applied for if those qualifications were obtained before

independence. (Knoetze) says he wishes to make it clear that people who

obtained qualification before independence may apply and will get the

endorsement in terms of the Rikhoto judgment. However, he has added, there

is doubt as to whether people who claimed to have acquired qualification

after independence would qualify. [Text] [MB151632 Umtata Capital Radio

in English 1000 GMT 15 Jul 83]

PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES—Preventing the media from publishing every speech

made in parliament would be tantamount to closing down of parliament itself.

That is the view of opposition media spokesperson Alex Boraine. Boraine was

speaking at a 1-day seminar on the freedom of South African media organized

by the Pretoria Press Club. He has urged cabinet ministers to stop threatening the media not to report controversial parliamentary debates. He said such

threats are creating an impression that an attempt is being made to intimidate

the media. He has also described such intimidation as unnecessary and dangerous

He has also asked newspaper editors not to ask for permission to print any

speech which is made in parliament. Boraine said the law on this issue is

clear and that editors have the right to report as much as he and others have

the right to speak, without hindrance. [Text] [MB141402 Umtata Capital Radio

in English 1300 GMT 14 Jul 83]

GOVERNMENT NEWS CURBS—Professor Mike Hough of the Institute of Strategic

Studies at the University of Pretoria says government-imposed news blackouts

on terrorist activity could invite disaster. Addressing the 1-day seminar

on media freedom organized by the Pretoria Press Club, he said the public

had a right to know and preventing the spread of chaos and rumors was an

Important aspect of reporting on terrorist incidents. [Text] [MB141204

Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0900 GMT 14 Jul 83]

HOMELANDS WELCOME HOUSING FINANCING—The chief minister of Lebowa, Gazankulu,

and KwaNdebele have welcomed the announcement by the minister of cooperation'

and development, Dr Koornhof, that permission has been granted to building

societies and private bodies to help people in the national states to own

their own houses. Dr Phatidi of Lebowa said it was a step in the right

direction, but a close look would have to be taken at the issue of people who

wanted to build on communal land. Professor Ntsanwisi of Gazankulu said this

move would contribute towards a feeling of security and would help to stabilize family life. Mr Skosana of KwaNdebele said it was becoming more obvious

that the private sector would have to become involved in the development of

the national states because those states were not yet in a position to fulfill all their own needs. [Text] [MB081725 Johannesburg Domestic Service

in English 1600 GMT 8 Jul 83]

82
RAILWAY LINE BIDS INVITED—First tenders have been called for the construction of a railway line connecting Richard*s Bay and Durban with the

eastern Transvaal and possibly Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi through Swaziland. The project has been initiated by the South African Transport Services

and Swaziland Railways and entails construction of a railway line from

Komatipoort to Border Gate and from there to the Mpaka Junction, a section

to be completed by Swaziland Railways. These sections will then make up a

continuous line running from Durban through Swaziland to the eastern Transvaal, which links up to the north. [Text] [MB100556 Johannesburg Domestic

Service in English 0500 GMT 10 Jul 83]

GAZAKULU HOMELAND ELECTIONS SCHEDULED—Giyani, 30 Jun (SAPA)—The third

Gazankulu general election will be held on 7 September this year. The legislative assembly consists of 68 members, of whom 42 are designated and 26 are

elected by the citizens. There are four electoral divisions in Gazankulu,

namely, Giyani (capital), Malamulele, Mhala, and Ritavi. There will also be

polling stations outside Gazankulu, SAPArs correspondent reports. The chief

minister, Prof Hudson Ntsanwisi, has already been designated as a member of

the legislative assembly by the Bankuna Tribal Authority in the Ritavi constituency, on 8 June. Two other ministers of his cabinet, Mr J. B. Mnisi,

minister of agriculture, and Mr S. A. Manzini, minister of finance, are

designated members from the Mhala constituency. [Text] [MB300939 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0917 GMT 30 Jun 83]

THABA NCHU AREA TRANSFER DELAYED—Pretoria, 7 Jul (SAPA)—The Thaba Nchu

technical committee held its third meeting with the Department of Cooperation

and Development in Pretoria today and decided the date of the handing over

of Thaba Nchu to Bophuthatswana will be postponed for two months. A spokesman for the department of cooperation and development said today the handing

over of Thaba Nchu from South Africa to Bophuthatswana would now take place

on 1 October because of "practical problems discovered during the meeting."

[Text] [MB071602 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1516 GMT 7 Jul 83]

MASA REPORT ON DETAINEES—Cape Town.—The assembly of the World Medical Association is to be held for the first time in South Africa in 1985. This

was announced in Cape Town on Thursday by Dr James Sammons, chief executive

officer of the American Medical Association. At a Press conference Dr Sammons said the Medical Association of South Africa had done a "superb job"

with its ad hoc report into the treatment of prisoners and detainees. He

said he did not wish to criticise the South African Government and was sure

it had done what it thought was correct. Maltreatment of prisoners was unfortunate and happened, even in the United States, "far more than any of

us like, or that anyone is willing, to acknowledge. "It is not unique to

this country. It is not unique to any country in the world. It happens in

the biggest democracy in the world. It happens, unfortunately, far too often." He said that wherever people were incarcerated there were problems,

though this did not excuse the problems. "We have had instances in our

country where police became overzealous, where prison guards became overzealous and injuries and deaths occurred."—Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE

CITIZEN in English 9 Jul 83 p 9]

83
ANTI-TERRORIST FUND~The State President's Fund reached the Rl-million mark

yesterday when Dr Dawid de Villiers, on behalf of Sasol, presented the fund

with a R25 000 cheque in Pretoria. Dr De Villiers, chairman of Sasol,

said: "Companies earn their profits within the confines of a specxfic

community and that creates a responsibility towards the needs of such communities. "The State President's Fund serves such a worthy cause that it

deserves the support of major companies," Dr De Villiers said.-Sapa.

[Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Jul 83 p 3]

CSO: 3400/1621

8k
SWAZILAND

ANC EXILE MISSION EFFECTIVELY ELIMINATED

MB011149 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Jun 83 p 10

[Article by Patrick Bulger, THE STARTS Foreign News Service, from Mbabane]

[Text] Five years after banishing the Pan Africanist Congress, Swaziland has

neutralised the African National Congress in favour of a more lucrative and

secure relationship with a white—ruled South Africa.

According to sources close to the ANC, increasingly close co-operation between

the two governments has effectively eliminated the ANC's exile mission in

Swaziland and infiltration through the kingdom had been made almost impossible.

The present nadir in the ANC's Swaziland government relationship (especially

since the death of King Sobhuza II last year) and the kingdom's tough stance

on guerrillas operating from its territory represents the second major setback

to exiled nationalist groups fighting white rule.

In 1978, Swaziland expelled more than 40 prominent PAC members, a move that

significantly weakened the organisation's Southern African base. The sources

pointed out, however, that the clampdown did not necessarily spell good news

for South Africa.

They said it had helped strengthen the case of hardliners pushing the ANC to

adopt a more effective weapon against National Party rule. Attacks like the

recent Pretoria bomb bläst would become the pattern, while symbols of Western

investment in South Africa would increasingly become targets, they said.

The past year has been an unqualified failure to ANC planners, who had counted

on Swaziland playing a more prominent role in the subcontinental power struggle. Conversely, relations between South Africa and Swaziland have never been

better, observers say.

"In terms of ANC strategy, Swaziland was very important until a year ago. It

was convenient for guerrillas coming from Maputo, its borders were largely unguarded and it was relatively easy to infiltrate into Natal and the Eastern

Transvaal," said one observer, who receives reliable information from the ANC

in Mozambique»

85
The organised ANC infrastructure in Swaziland has been crippled. Although the

South African community is a few thousand strong, the proportion involved in

ANC activities is a handful, fewer than 30.

Recently, the South AFrican Foreign Minister, Mr Pik Botha, told THE TIMES OF

SWAZILAND that South Africa would not launch a military strike against

Swaziland as the kingdom was taking active steps to curb the ANC.

Although observers discount the possibility of any written agreement between

the two countries at this stage, they feel an agreement was probably reached

during extensive negotiations over the transfer of land.

Although the clampdown began in earnest after the Maseru raid, observers see

as significant a number of developments that actually preceded the renewed

and more immediate threat of South AFrican retaliation.

The most significant development that gave early warning that the kingdom intended shifting from its declared policy of neutrality in Southern Africa came

when the ANC's chief representative, Mr Stanley Madzibela, was expelled. He

has not been replaced.

Shortly afterwards, another prominent activist and regional head of the

South African Council of Trade Unions, Mr Petrus Nzima, was killed by a bomb

near Manzini.

Without their two influential executives ANC guerrillas came under increasing

pressure as the judiciary began handing down stiffer sentences to refugees

caught in possession of arms of war.

The ANC also suffered another serious setback with King Sobhuza died in August.

Although the king had always been careful not to be seen giving active support

to the organisation, he knew and respected its leadership and had sufficient

status to often withstand South African pressure.

His death allowed a deeply conservative element within the government to push

through its revised hardline policy on the ANC in return for a more comfortable relationship with Pretoria.

Its hand was further strengthened by the Maseru raid, which sparked widescale

arrests and deportations of ANC activists. The South African strike on Maputo

was followed by yet another spate of arrests.

The firing of former Prime Minister Prince Mabandla Dlamini probably removed

the last remaining influential ANC sympathiser within the government.

Observers feel Swaziland will not go so far as actually banning the ANC from

its soil and point to its standing within OAU and Third World circles as the

reason.

CSO: 3400/1581

86
ZAIRE

AMNESTY LAW ADOPTED, SEEN AS PROOF OF DEMOCRACY

Law Provides General Amnesty

Kinshasa ELIMA in French 23 May 83 pp 1, 3

[Text] On Saturday, at the end of a long plenary session, the commissioners

of the people adopted the bill providing for general amnesty, submitted last

18 May to the office of the legislative Council by the president-founder of

the MPR, president of the republic, Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko. The object of

this bill is to decree a general amnesty for all Zairians convicted on grounds

of endangering state security, or subjected to sanctions by the Central Committee of the MPR on grounds of serious infraction of party discipline or

having attempted to challenge the basic choices of the Popular Movement of

the Revolution.

It also applies to all Zairians residing abroad who have in speech, in writing or in any way whatever, injured the sovereignty of the state.

In revealing the contents of the text to the elected representatives of the

people, the representative of the executive and commissioner of state for

justice, Citizen Mozagba Ngbuka, first described the amnesty as "the setting

aside of an offence noted by the legislative, of which the effect is the

abolition of a state action or the remission of an imposed sentence," before

specifying the motives behind the presidential measure.

On this subject, Citizen Mozagba indicated that wishing to celebrate by an

act of clemency the 16th anniversary of the MPR and his first official appearance as marshal of Zaire, the president-founder of the MPR, president of the

republic, has taken this measure of general amnesty.

The latter, he said, concerns three categories of citizens, namely, persons

convicted under a final verdict or being sued on grounds of injury to state

security, those prohibited from exercising their civil and political rights

or from entering public or parastatal service because of infringement of

MPR discipline, and lastly, all Zairians living abroad having in speech, in

writing or in any other way, committed offences against the security and the

institutions of the Republic of Zaire.

Out of the general debate that followed the speech by the representative of

the executive, there emerged the outline and the intentions to be expressed

87
in the text.

This bill, which was then submitted for presidential approval, included four

articles. And the head of state promulgated the act last Saturday.

In addition, the commissioners of the people, members of the political commission, will next Monday resume at the National Palace the deliberations

adjourned on the occasion of holding the festivities of the MPR's 16th anniversary.

Text Published

Kinshasa ELIMA in French 23 May 83 p 13

[Text of Act No 83-007 of 21 May 1983 on general amnesty; text of Justiciary

Organization Ordinance No 83-127 of 21 May 1983 on establishment of Higher

Council of the Magistrature]

[Text] Last 21 May, Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko promulgated the general amnesty

act and signed an ordinance providing for the establishment of the Higher

Council of the Magistrature.

Here is the wording of these two decisions in its entirety:

Act No 83-007 of 21 May providing for general amnesty:

The Legislative Council has adopted

The president-founder of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, president of

the republic [as published]

Article 1: General amnesty is granted to all Zairians being prosecuted or

having been convicted by definitive verdict on grounds of offenses against

the security of the state.

Article 2: The benefit of this general amnesty is also extended to all Zairians prohibited from exercising their civil and political rights or taking

public or parastatal office on grounds of infringement of the discipline of

the Popular Movement of the Revolution.

Article 3: General amnesty is also granted to all Zairians living abroad

who have in speech, in writing, or in any other way whatsoever endangered the

security of the state, provided that they return to this country at latest

by 30 June 1983.

Article 4: This act takes effect as of the date of promulgation.

Done at Kinshasa, 21 May 1983.

88
Judiciary Organization Ordinance No 83-127 of 21 May 1983 providing for the

establishment of the Higher Council of the Magistrature

The president-founder of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, president of

the republic,

In view of the constitution, particularly Article 45,

In view of Act-Ordinance No 82-018 of 31 March 1982 providing for the status

of magistrates, especially Articles 12, 38, 40, 41, and 42,

Upon the proposal of the commissioner of state for justice,

The Executive Council being in agreement,

Orders:

Chapter 1: Concerning general provisions

Article 1: The Higher Council of the Magistrature created by Act-Ordinance

No 82-018 of 31 March 1982 is commissioned to give opinions concerning the

promotion of magistrates of the bench and of the state ministry.

The Higher Council of the Magistrature also exercises disciplinary power over

magistrates of the bench and of the public prosecutor's department.

Its members are bound to secrecy concerning deliberations.

Chapter 2: Concerning the Higher Council of the Magistrature, sitting as a

consultative organ with respect to the promotion of magistrates

Section 1: Concerning composition and functions

Article 2:

The Higher Council of the Magistrature sitting on the subject of promotion of

magistrates is composed of 15 regular members and 15 surrogate members designated by the president of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, president

of the republic, upon the proposal of the commissioner of state for justice

in the following conditions:

Three regular members and their surrogates from the Supreme Court of Justice,

Three regular members and their surrogates from the public prosecutor's office

attached to that court,

Nine regular members and their surrogates from the other courts, tribunals,

and publuc prosecutor's departments.

Article 3: The Higher Council of the Magistrature is presided over by the

president of the president of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, President

of the republic.

The commissioner of state for justice is by right its vice president.
Article 13: The members of the Higher Council of the Magistrature concerned

in the deliberations do not take part in them and are replaced by their surrogates.

Chapter 3: Concerning the Higher Council of the magistrature, sitting in disciplinary jurisdiction over magistrates

Article 14: The members of the Higher Council of the Magistrature sitting in

disciplinary jurisdiction over magistrates are all the magistrates of the Supreme Court of Justice and the general bench of the republic, the appellate

courts, and the Court for the Security of the State, as well as those of the

general benches associated with them who are practicing and have not incurred

any disciplinary penalties during the preceding 12 months.

Article 15: The chamber of the Higher Council of the Magistrature instituted

in connection with the Supreme Court of Justice and in connection with each

appellate court or the Court of State Security is presided over by the first

president of each of these courts when the magistrate being prosecuted is from

the state ministry, by the public prosecutor of the republic connected with

the appellate court or the State Security Court when the magistrate being

prosecuted belongs to the bench.

Article 16: The chamber of the Higher Council of the Magistrature instituted

in connection with the Supreme Court of Justice and in connection with each

court of appeal or the State Security Court is composed of three members.

The president of this chamber is assisted by two magistrates, one from the

bench and one from the public ministry, the first designated by the jurisdiction head, and the second by the ex-officio head of the bench. These two

magistrates must be of a rank equal to or higher than that of the magistrate

being prosecuted.

However, in the event that it is impossible to find a magistrate ot a rank

equal to or higher than that of the magistrate being prosecuted, the president

of the chamber takes a magistrate of lower rank to complete the bench.

The chamber meets with the cooperation of the highest-ranking clerk attached

to this court.

Article 17: In case of absence or hindrance, the president of the chamber of

the Higher Council of the Magistrature is replaced, as in his ordinary functions .

Article 18: The commissioner of state for justice is charged with the execution of the present ordinance which becomes effective on the date of signature

Done at Kinshasa, 21 May 1983

Se Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga, Marshal

90
Article 4: The mandate of the Higher Council of the Magistrature runs for

4 years, renewable once.

In the event of an office falling vacant, the surrogate completes the mandate

for the period remaining.

Article 5: During their mandate, the members of the Higher Council of the

MAgistrature may not be subjected to transfers.

Article 6: The commissioner of state for justice designates a magistrate

charged with the responsibilities of secretary to the Higher Council of the

Magistrature, according to the modalities that it determines.

The Higher Council of the Magistrature meets in the place indicated in the

meeting notification.

Article 7: The operating funds for the Higher Council of the Magistrature

are included in the budget of the Justice department.

Article 8: The president of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, president

of the republic, provides for the replacement of the members of the Higher

Council of the Magistrature at least 30 days before the end of their mandate.

Section 2 Concerning procedure:

Article 9: The Higher Council of the Magistrature meets upon convocation by

its president, or, should the situation arise, that of its vice president.

Notice of the meeting is sent 15 full days before the meeting, and indicates

the agenda.

Article 10: The deliberations of the Higher Council of the Magistrature are

valid only if at least 11 of its members are present in addition to the president or vice president.

Any member who is unable to attend is replaced by his surrogate.

The Higher Council of the Magistrature formulates its opinions by absolute

majority vote.

Article 11: The commissioner of state for justice communicates to the Higher

Council of the Magistrature all vacancies of office, as well as the list of

magistrates eligible to be appointed to those posts, accompanied by the evaluations by their hierarchical chiefs over the 3 preceding years.

The Higher Council of the Magistrature may designate one of its members to

examine all the files at the Department of Justice and report back to it.

Article 12: The Higher Council of the Magistrature selects for each post, and

in order of preference, three candidates of whom the commissioner of state for

justice will propose one to the president of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, president of the republic, giving the reasons for his choice.

91
AZAP Praises Law

Kinshasa ELIMA in French 30 May 83 pp 1, 10

[Statement by the Zairian Press Agency: "Amnesty: A Fresh Proof of Democracy"]

[Text] "If all those people come home, or if they are freed, will they mend

their ways?" That reflexion by a young professional, made during a discussion

about the general amnesty measure announced by the president-founder of the

MPR, expresses a certain state of mind being demonstrated in the country,

although the measure has been very favorably received.

According to a recent survey by the Zairian Press Agency, national opinion

appears very satisfied with this presidential decision that is likely to

strengthen the national consensus. People are already thinking about this or

that person, well known because of having held important positions of responsibility, and wondering how these [as published] prodigal sons greeted this

favor from the father of the nation at a time when they were not expecting it.

Indeed, the measure surprised all Zairians. Certainly, after the announcement

that the president-founder was to address the nation before the military parade on 19 May, activist men and women were expecting something important. But

expectations were more concerned with economic and social problems, very far

from involving an area that is a matter for the sole authority of the head of

the party.

AZAP [Zairian Press Agency]'s survey also reveals a certain divergence of

views, as the comment referred to above shows. But this divergence of opinion

concerns less the measure itself than the role that all the former exiles and

political prisoners will have to play within the party-state.

Young profesionals in particular are showing their uneasiness regarding the

opportuneness of systematizing this type of political and social promotion,

in that the 19 May gesture of presidential magnanimity is not the first of its

kind.

As far back as 1970, against all expectations and to mark the beginning of a

new mandate, Mobutu the Guide used his constitutional prerogatives on behalf

of all the leaders of the rebellion that had put the country to fire and the

sword. many of them returned from exile and are now buckled down to the country's development.

Today we are faced with a similar situation. It is not impossible that this

time, too, to make it very clear that amnesty is pardon, that is to say, the

remission of the offense committed, the Father of the Nation may call upon

certain former exiles or political prisoners to help him in the work of national recovery.

The fact that the general amnesty measure has been received in various ways

around the country is an eloquent demonstration that the exercise of democracy

in our country is a reality.

92
The Zairian citizen, who is a party activist, is free to express his opinion

on all the decisions of the higher authorities. But he does it within the

strict framework determined by the constitution, namely, within the Popular

Movement of the Revolution, the country's sole political institution, and,

above all, the sole source of power and lawfulness in Zaire.

12149

CSO: 3419/1015

93
ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

UNIFORMED BANDITS HIJACK TRUCKS—Eight heavily armed bandits, four of them

in army combat uniforms, shot and wounded a lorry mate on a truck carrying

cement along the Chingola^Solwezi road on Friday night. A spokesman for

the Solwezi General Hospital confirmed that Mr (Eli Mwanambe), aged (29),

was admitted to the male surgical ward with gunshot wounds in the right

shoulder. Mr (Mwanambe) underwent an emergency operation to remove the

bullets, and the spokesman described the patient's condition as fair and

improving. Northwestern Divisional Police Chief (MacDonald Mumba) also

confirmed the incident, in which two Mercedes trucks valued at 150,000

Kwacha were stolen. The vehicles, loaded with cement, had trailers removed

before being driven into a neighboring country. [Text] [MB111023 Lusaka

Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 11 Jul 83]

EUROPEAN TOURISTS STILL MISSING—Lusaka, 8 Jul (AFP)—Inspite of : search

operations undertaken by boat and helicopters, no traces of the European

tourists that disappeared about a week ago on Lake Tanganyika in northern

Zambia have been found, a spokesman of the Danish Embassy in Lusaka stated

on Friday. According to the spokesman, Mr Dane Torven Augustinu (Danish),

Mr Jaan Beaudoin (Belgian), Mrs Trix Oosthuizen (Dutch), and Mrs Nolene

Delaney (Irish) boarded a small boat last Saturday and were seen for the

last time by fishermen on that day. Their disappearance was reported on

Monday by some friends in the town of Mbala (north of the country). Lake

Tanganyika is the second largest in Africa with a surface area of 31,900

square km (almost as big as Belgium) and a maximum depth of 1,435 meters.

A small portion of the lake is in Zambian territory. Zaire and Tanzania

share the largest part.- [Text] [AB082107 Paris AFP in French 1334 GMT

8 Jul 83]

BARTER OPERATION PROTOCOLS SUSPENDED—The government has suspended all barter

operation protocols following reports that some goods from certain foreign

countries mysteriously appeared in private shops. The commerce and industry

minister, Clement Mwananshiku, announced the ban in parliament yesterday, and

also banned the importation of goods that are locally produced, except where

it is deemed a shortage would be forthcoming. He said the government is to

undertake a thorough view of all barter protocols to avoid such anomalies.

[Text] [MB160719 Lusaka Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 16 Jul 83]

9k
HOLIDAY BAN REMAINS—The finance minister of state, (Jameson Makaluka), said

yesterday that the government ban on holiday allowances will remain in force

until the foreign exchange situation improves, and his counterpart in the

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ottewa Muskua, said the government has no

intentions of closing down any of its missions abroad despite the poor state

of the Zambian economy. The two ministers were speaking in parliament when

answering two separate questions from a back bencher who wanted to know when

the suspension on holiday allowances would be lifted and why some embassies_

have not been closed in view of the economic crisis. If the country was going

through economic difficulties the need for foreign exchange missions was even

more vital to maintain the country's image abroad. He continued to say that

foreign relations played a crucial role in maintaining relations with other

countries and in much needed assistance in numerous fields of development.

[Text] [MB151232 Lusaka Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 15 Jul 83J

CSO: 3400/1652

9$
ZIMBABWE

JOHANNESBURG SAYS OPPRESSION IN ZIMBABWE INCREASING

MB181714 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 18 Jul 83

[Station commentary: "Human Rights in Zimbabwe"]

[Text] Zimbabwe today, far from being an example in Africa of peace and

conciliation, freedom, and prosperity, as promised by Prime Minister

Robert Mugabe in the heady days of independence has sunk to levels of violence

and oppression worse than under previous white governments. This has been

said before by, among others, Mr Joshua Nkomo, self-exiled opppsition leader

and former ally of Mr Mugabe in the bush war prior to independence. Now it

has come from another black leader, former Prime Minister Bishop Able Muzorewa.

At his first press conference since independence 3 years ago, Bishop Muzorewa

slammed his successor's government for suppression and oppression of freedom

of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of association, and freedom of worship.

He was speaking after the violent disruption of his service to dedicate a new

church in Chitungwiza near Harare. Thugs led by a man on a motorcycle bearing

government registration plates hurled stones at the church and about 1,000

worshippers while police, he said, stood idly by.

Bishop Muzorewa branded the government as antichurch, anti-God, antipeace,

and anti-unity, adding that church services and funerals of people belonging

to opposition parties were frequently attacked. The young men and women

who died for black majority rule, he said, must be turning in their graves to

witness that we are now more oppressed than in the days of white rule.

Bishop Muzorewa, who is head of the United States-based United Methodist Church,

said the church in Zimbabwe was suffering a form of persecution and that other

church leaders agreed with him but would be scared to death to admit it in

public. A few months ago, at the height of the atrocities in Matabeleland,

the Roman Catholic Church monthly publication (MOTO) said there was an air

of fear and horror in parts of Zimbabwe, worse than during the pre-independence

war, and that the events have received little coverage in the country's media.

The Zimbabwe parliament recently extended the state of emergency for another

6 months, as it has done since April 1980. It should perhaps have done so, this

time, indefinitely.

CSO: 3400/1634

96
ZIMBABWE

MUGABE STRESSES DETERMINATION FOR UNITY

MB030641 Harare Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 3 Jul 83

[Text] The prime minister, Comrade Robert Mugabe, has expressed government's determination to unite all Zimbabweans and fulfill their aspirations. Addressing mass rallies at Nkosikazi and Nkai in Matabeleland

yesterday, Comrade Mugabe emphasized that the government is for all people

irrespective of their political affiliation. He said obstacles in the way

of development will be drastically reduced if the people are united.

The prime minister stressed that curfews will only be imposed when other

methods of wiping out bandits have failed. Comrade Mugabe called on the

people of Matabeleland to continue cooperating with the security forces

in the antidissident operations.

Comrade Mugabe expressed disappointment at parents who refuse to give

their children permission to join youth brigades. He explained that

youth brigades are intended to help unemployed youth, who might be tempted

to take drugs because they had nothing to do. The prime minister also

urged the people to start income generating projects, rather than wait for

government handouts.

CSO: 3400/1620

91
ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

INFLUX OF REFUGEES PREDICTED—The minister of labor and social services,

Comrade Kumbirai Kangai, told parliament yesterday that if the liberation

struggle in South Africa and Namibia intensifies, Zimbabwe should expect an

influx of refugees. Comrade Kangai was moving the second reading of the

Refugees Bill. He said it is necessary to plan for such an eventuality and

also to provide for the necessary legal framework to deal with such an influx.

The minister said Zimbabwe should be equipped to extend humanitarian assistance to anyone persecuted for their political and religious beliefs. In

terms of the Refugees Bill, a person who enters Zimbabwe with the expressed

purpose of seeking refugee status would not be returned or expelled to the

country from which he would have fled. If refugee status was not granted,

alternative resettlement could be arranged with the United Nations. The

bill will, if sanctioned by parliament, also bring Zimbabwe into line with

the 1969 OAU Convention governing the specific aspects of refugee problems

in Africa. [Text] [MB080713 Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT

8 Jul 83]

BEEF AGREEMENT WITH BRITAIN—Zimbabwe and Britain have signed an aid agreement

worth more than 180,000 dollars for carrying out a feasibility study aimed at

improving the beef industry. The study will, among other things, look at the

existing abbatoir facilities, future local and export demands for beef, and

the size and location of processing facilities. The agreement was signed by

the deputy minister of economic planning and development, Comrade (Chimbidza

Sanyangari), and the British High Commissioner to Zimbabwe, Mr (Martin Ewan).

[Excerpt] [MB142014 Harare Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 14 Jul 83 MB]

CSO: 3400/1634 ^

98