The cartoon showed then-President Senghor, in a clearly Western-type setting,
avidly reading LE CANARD ENCHAINE which like LE POLITICIEN is freely dis-
tributed in Dakar.

Since then, the paper has used cartoons freely, with one exception--it never
lampoons Senegal's religious leaders.

Such satire would "not be understood by people," Mr Dia said.

Since its creation, LE POLITICIEN has been sued seven times and paid out
some 100 million CFA francs (230,000 dollars at current exchange rates) in
damages.

Mam Less Dia has also spent 40 days in prison~-for having published a story
from LE CANARD ENCHAINE on properties owned by Mr Senghor in western France's
Normandy region.

Mr Dia was only released from prison after the paper published a letter of
apology to President Senghor.

"I didn't see any point in committing suicide, and one is more useful outside
(prison) than inside," he commented.

In spite of the paper's anti-establishment stance, it initially gave support
to President Abdou Diouf when he took over from Mr Senghor in 1980, Mr Dia
said.

The period from 1981 to 1984 was marked. by "complicity" between the paper and
the government, he said, adding: "We helped them to liquidate the old guard,
the anti-democrats."

However now "democracy is installed and the process seems to us to be
irreversible," he said.

The paper has recently had financial trouble with the authorities, who have
blocked its bank account for non-payment of taxes.

The president's office has also cancelled its subscription, reportedly for
budgetary reasons, Mr Dia said.

LE POLITICIEN publishes around 10,000 copies of each issue, which are mainly
sold in eight French-speaking West African states.

cso: 3400/871

55



Training of the Student Officers

The present task of the Officer Training School has three
aspects: character and moral training, general and academic
training, and military training.

Character and moral training is the most important; its goal is
to inculcate in the student officers a sense of commitment to
zaire, and the practice of moral and civic virtues.

The courses given to the student officers have been divided into
general training and military training; the student officers al-
ternatively receive a week of general training, then a week of
military training.

These dual faceted activities are to permit the development of
their intellectual abilities and general culture, the assimila-
tion of new knowledge in the military domain, the maintenance of
their physical fitness, and the molding of their character.

General Training

The general training department comprises four areas: arts,
human sciences, applied sciences, and military sciences.

The arts division aims to improve the students’ ability for at-
tentiveness, comprehension, expression and reasoning, as well
as correct French usage.

The goal of the human sciences division is to provide a better
understanding of contemporary human, social, political, economic
and ideological problems.

Special attention is given to development problems.

The applied sciences division has as its objective to equip the
student officers with the necessary abilities for understanding
and solving the technical problems they may encounter during
their careers.

The military sciences division basically trains in concepts of
regulations, organization, administration, staffing technique,
and tactics, and determines the military cadre in which the stu-
dent officers will be active.

At the present time, the courses are taught by civilian Zairian
professors and Belgian military assistants.

The first year of studies is made up of some 650 hours of
courses (including study and sports)’ and 800 hours in the second

year.

119



However, Reagan chose to designate his ambassador in Maputo, Pieter John de
Vos, to represent him, and, at the last minute, he sent a message of good
wishes to Samora Machel.

Reagan continues to be influenced by the Senate, in which a dominant influence
is exerted by the South African lobby headed by Senator Jesse Helms, to whom
Prime Minister Mario Soares wrote a letter in connection with his position of
limited understanding of Mozambique. In the view of this wing of the U.S.
Senate, Mozambique is a communist country under the determining influence of
the Soviet Union.

And it is making the granting of aid to Mozambique conditional upon measures
ineluding the holding of free elections and the abandonment of Soviet military
advisers.

This view of Mozambique is shared neither by the State Department nor by the
U.S. Embassy in Maputo, which, as far as we have been able to learn, has
pursued efforts to ensure that American representation on 25 June comes
directly from Washington.

Many senators have heard talk of socialism and the Soviet presence in
Mozambique, and they do not think further, a diplomat told us. Many of them
do not even know where this country is located. They are too much influenced
by the conflict with the USSR and they reason in simplistic terms, our
interlocutor added.

Be that as it may, President Reagan does not seem to be completely convinced
of the nonalignment of Mozambique, despite the reports he receives from his
embassy in Maputo and his Western partners, including Mario Soares, who is
well known for his sympathy with the United States and his anticommunism.

Letter From Mario Soares

The letter Mario Soares wrote to Senator Jesse Helms on 27 May is an important
document, one which was mentioned by the Portuguese press at the time,
although the public, as far as we can tell at this distance, has never had
access to its full text.

It is a document which needs to be understood in full detail. "Dear sir: On
learning of your submission to the Congress of a draft amendment to the
proposed U.S. foreign aid law, to the effect that the allocation of aid to
Mozambique in the security sector would be conditional upon the implementation
of certain changes in the Mozambican regime, I feel obliged to communicate to
you some considerations with regard to this matter.

"I think I can legitimately do so, insofar as throughout my life, I have
always fought for the concepts of freedom and democracy and in defense of the
rights of man. I also believe that the coexistence and long common experience
which link the people of Portugal with those of the Portuguese-speaking
African countries confer upon them a particular sensitivity and capacity for
understanding with regard to certain situations.

21



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JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
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transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

TANZANIA

BRIEFS

BULGARIAN~TANZANIAN ECONOMIC SESSION--Dar es Salaam, 6 Aug (BTA)--With satis-
faction Bulgaria and Tanzania noted the increase in trade between the two
countries and gave a high assessment to the state of bilateral cooperation,

a joint communique reads. It was published after the end of the eighth
session of the Bulgaro-Tanzanian Joint Committee for Economic and Techno-
Scientific Cooperation held in the Tanzanian city of Arousha. Bulgaria and
Tanzania support the liberating struggle of the peoples of the southern

part of the African continent against colonialism, racism and apartheid, the
document reads. The two countries expressed support for the struggle of
SWAPO [South-West African People's Organization]--the only legal representa-
tive of the people of Namibia, for the liberation of the country from southern
African occupation. A decision was adopted for the next session of the com-
mittee to be held in the second half of 1986 in Bulgaria. [Text] [Sofia

BIA in English 1742 GMT 6 Aug 85 AU]

CSO: 3400/836

115



JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

LAW PROFESSOR CRITICIZES STATE OF EMERGENCY
MB061951 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1943 GMT 6 Aug 85

[Text] Johannesburg, 6 Aug, SAPA--The South African Government had declared
a state of emergency in order to win sympathy from abroad, Professor John
Dugard, director of the Centre for Applied Legal Studies at the University of
the Witwatersrand, said tonight.

He told about 3,000 people attending a meeting at the Central Methodist Church
in Johannesburg to protest against the emergency. Another reason the govern-
ment instituted the regulations was to create psychological uncertainty in
South Africa.

He said the emergency was designed to "bully the voiceless majority into
subjugation" by arbitrary means.

"It is time the government realised it can't suppress the majority," Prof
Dugard said.

The government had hoped, by ruling in the name of a formal state of emergency,
to gain more sympathy from its friends and critics.

"The business community in particular has fallen for this trick completely,"
the professor said.

But the government's "ruse" had not worked with the international community.

"It (the international community) knows that the government has ruled by
emergency for the past 20 years.

"We have been ruled by permanent emergency powers for a quarter of a century.
We have been ruled by all the powers normally associated with a state of
emergency."

Prof Dugard said one of the reasons why a "formal" state of emergency had been
declared was because the "undeclared" emergency had "failed completely."

The government had also underestimated black peoples desire for freedom, he
said.

64


WASTE OF BLACK SKILLS NOTED

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 4 Aug 85 p 5

[Text]

WHILE’ top“South African”

businéssmen bewail the short:
age. of managerial talent,
many-an exceptionally intelli-
gent’ worker is (metaphorical-

.ly) sitting.under‘their very’.

noses:

* He: As uqused because he is
unrecognised;-he is -unrecog-
nised ‘because he is black and
there is‘no intelligence test in
use ‘in South Africa that does
{not depend on cultural factors
such as. language, ‘immediate-
“ly placing’ blacks: at a disad-
vantage. :

Exceptional intelligence is
found in every race in similar
proportions. percent of
people have: an IQ of 130 or
more —'thé:average is 100 —
and 1,8’percent have an IQ of
140 or more.

In South ‘Africa, where
“about half of. the six’ million
black children in school leave
after Standard 2, the propor-
tion is no different.”

-* Some of the. many. thou-
sands‘ of black. youngsters
forced out of school because
their parents can no longer
‘afford to keep them.there are
exceptionally intelligent. Un-
able to use that intelligence,
some turn anti-social. Others
take what jobs they can.

The’ cards are still stacked
against those who stay in
school because the system is
not geared to help the excep-
tional.’Bored and frustrated,
many gifted black pupils wind
up with examination results
no better than those of their
less-gifted contemporaries.

cso: 3400/872

Conventional IQ tests are of
little help. What is needed is a
test that does not depend on
language or other cultural
factors.

There is such a test. It was
developed by Professor Hans
Eysenck of London Universi-
ty’s Institute of Psychiatry
about 15 years ago and has
been tested: extensively since
then in the United States,
Canada and Britain.

‘This test, which takes about,
five minutes, involves mea-

A person’s responses to
heard at irregular in-
tervals. « .

The longer the brainwaves
that result, the more intelll-
gent is the subject.

The correlation between
this method and other ways of
measuring intelligence is 0,83
— ie. it agrees with other
methods in 83 percent of
cases,

One man who has been
pushing for years for the Ey-
senck. method to be intro»
duced to South Africa is Mé
Jock Omond, chairman of the
Office for the Gifted and Ta-
lented in Port Elizabeth.

So far his pleas have fallen
on deaf ears, but-he hopes to
see Professor Eysenck within
the next few weeks in i
to learn more.about the meth-
od, and will continue cam-
paigning.

15

JPRS*SSA*85+080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

“With the shortage of
skilled managers in South
, Africa, the time is ripe for the
business. world to become
aware of this tremendous un-
tapped potential. We are not
using this manpower resource
and we can’t afford such trag-
ic waste.

“The domestic servant, the
gardener, the petrol atten-
dant, the supermarket packer,
the labourer on the road, the
scooter messenger — among

_all these may be many who

“are-gifted in one or more
fields of human endeavour.”

Like Professor Eysenck
himself, Mr Omond believes
intelligence is not the most
important quality a person
can have. Others, such as mo-
tivation and perseverance,
could well be more important
when it comes to success in a
chosen field.

But the search has to start
somewhere, and at least an
intelligence test does provide
an indication of potential.

One point Mr Omond makes
is that teachers and employ-
ers are often wrong in their
assessment of a person's abili-
ties: “They tend to be misled
either by superficial bril-
liance or by an apparent
slowness, even stupidity, in
the divergent thinker.”



JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

CHAD

YOUTH ORGANIZATION JOINS IN ANNIVERSARY CULTURAL FINALE
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 24 Jun 85 pp 5-6

[Excerpt] Culture was featured on the first anniversary of the UNIR,
providing the occasion to see on stage artistes, musicians, and traditional
dancers who during the course of the week took their turn in the great room of
the Congress Hall to demonstrate their talents. These outstanding evening
performances concluded on 21 June with a ceremony at which speeches were given
and prizes awarded to the most deserving performers.

Seid Farah, member of the Central Committee and third commissioner of
orientation, information and organization of the masses in charge of youth and
sports, was the first speaker, on behalf of the Rally of Youth of the UNIR
(RAJEUNIR), of which he is the secretary general, to testify to the latter's
contribution to the success of the celebration of 22 June and in the
consciousness-raising of our people to a sense of unity, concord and
reconciliation. . The youth week is a prelude to other, more elaborate
celebrations. In this connection, Mr Farah affirmed that Chadian youth as a
whole will continue their drive so that today and tomorrow they can contribute
unfailing support, to the institutions of the Third Republic and their
guarantor, Comrade El Hadj Hissein Habre, the great liberator of Chad. Seid
Farah concluded: "To follow the UNIR is to render deserved homage to our
martyrs and to those who give their blood to defend the national cause."

The second speaker, Kassire Coumakoi, chairman of the celebration committee
and member of the UNIR Central Committee, said: "Twenty-two June 1984 was the
date when. the Chadians had a rendez-vous with history, with our history. It
was an exceptional event marking the birth of. the UNIR; in this connection, it
must be pointed out that the UNIR was created to make Chad an organized state
of law, one and indivisible, independent, strong and prosperous, ineluding all
of its 1,284,000 square kilometers." To illustrate the image of the UNIR, Mr
Kassire referred to a statement by the president of the republic: "It is up to
the Chadians to make the UNIR the great: movement embodying the legitimate
hopes of all the Chadian people." The celebration of the first anniversary of
the UNIR makes 1985 a special year, coinciding as it does with international
youth year. In this connection, the chairman of the celebration committee
praised the role of the youth and the place they occupy in the great UNIR
reunifying movement. He added: "It is thus the duty of all the UNIR
structures, of all the mass organizations such as UNACOT, OFUNIR and RAJEUNIR,

11



JPRS=SSA*85°080
2 September 1985

ZAIRE

CHINESE MEDICAL TEAM ENDS MISSION
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 15-16 Jun 85 p 10
[Article by Odio-Ons'Osang]

[Text] A few weeks from the end of their 2 year term at the
equator, the members of the third delegation of the Chinese med-
ical mission in Mbandaka have turned in a satisfactory perfor-
mance,

As a matter of fact, in 4 months, from January to April 1985,
the Chinese medical corps of the Mama Mobutu~Mbandaka hospital
have carried out 33,326 consultations, a monthly average of
3,315.

In the same amount of time, of 2,483 patients hospitalized in
that medical institution, 1,981 recovered. In addition, 396 sur-
gical operations were carried out successfully, during the day
as well as at night, often by flashlight.

To this record must be added 180 serious illnesses treated. The
head of the Chinese medical mission in Mbandaka, Dr. Zuo zhulin,
who is returning to his country next September, had nothing but
praise for the considerable assistance given by the Zairian
staff and workers of the Mama Mobutu hospital in Mbandaka, In
the matter of collaboration, the Chinese doctors will be able to
leave the hospital with the satisfaction of knowing that the job
has been well done. The population of Mbandaka continues to
benefit from their services, The same is true for the Zairian
doctors and nurses who work together with the Chinese, They will
continue to benefit from the experience of the former.

In this context, one may recall the series of conferences which
they organized for the benefit of their Zairian colleagues and
friends of the Mama Mobutu hospital, with the frequent partici-
pation of the Zairian doctors of the Mbandaka clinics. The
nurses of this medical center profit greatly from Chinese tra-
ditional medecine.

124


URBAN BLACKS WILL DOUBLE POPULATION

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 25. Jul 85 p 5

[Text]

THE number of black
people living in the sev-
en metropolitan areas of
South Africa would,
double within the next
15 years, Professor Wolf-i
gang Thomas of the Uni-
versity of Western Cape,'
has conel led.

He safd the four mil-
lion black people in the
metropolitan would rise
to between 7,8 million to ;
9,5 million, u

The \rate of urbaniza-.!
tion would depend on
whether relatively strict
influx control was main-
tained’ or not, Prof
Thomas has written in
the latest issue of the .
magazine Energos. oan

Prof Thomas said,
these projections
showed that “a socio-
economically painful
and politically short-
sighted strategy of rigor-
ous influx control can, at
best change only margin-
ally South Africa's ur-
banization pattern up to
the end of this century”.

Policy measures such
as influx control and
contraints on urban ex-
pansion could to some
extent. influence these
trends but “only to a
limited extent”.

Prof Thomas conclud-
ed that “we have to face
realities — for example,
a doubling of our urban
Population within the
next 15 years — and we
should always focus. on
the primrary or overrid-
ing goals of future devel-
opment.

Cso: 3400/884

70

“These include the
creation of maximum
employment opportuni-
ties, the satisfaction of
basic needs of all South
Africans and the gradual
improvement in the
quality of life. :

“To achieve these
joals comprehensive ur-

anization is essential;
whatever the ‘cost’ or the|
accompanying prob:
lems, . ]

“We have to step up,
our willingness and abi:
ity to adapt and change
to new methods, tech:

niques, social struc+'

tures, employment _pat-
terns, etc, even if th

changes are far-reachin,

and as yet unpredictabl

as to some of the conse.
quences.

“In our approach to re.
form and urban develop.
ment planning all rele-
vant parties have to b
incorporated in the deci
sion-making process.

“All too often we pa:
only lip service to this!
principle, in particular
where attitudes are still’
hostile or demands seem’
outrageous.

“Genuine democrati+
zation has fo start at th
grassroot level, that is i
the urban local govern.

‘ment and plannin

sphere,

“Informal community
structures in squatter
villages may present us
with valuable demon-
stration material,” Prof
Thomas said.

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


"Given the way in which the project has now been Planned, I do not think that
the same thing will happen again except in the event of a catastrophe," this
technician said. He further added that "the project will operate with a
buttress extending 150 meters into the sea, forming a ‘half moon,' for the
specific purpose of preventing the floodgates from silting up. The plan calls
for rebuilding everything anew, and I am certain that all will go well."

Expected Results

The floods which occurred less than a year ago in the city of Beira,
necessitating the evacuation of hundreds of individuals and devastating the
People's state farms, may have caused the Paralysis of the Palmeiras: spillway.

The floods had their most serious effects, even damaging housing, in the
lowest-lowing parts of the city, in particular the Munhava and Vaz areas and
the entire Manga zone.

The future spillway will be designed in such a way as to prevent floods,

although, according to technician Francisco Paixao, it will remain the only
one in the entire city.

5157
CSO: 3442/353

28


not now face an overwhelm-

ing external treat as Israel - Stagflation
eeetation Se eer onhisth ‘To put it differently: if our
ted compared with other external trade had not placed
Eaveloping nations an effective ceiling on our
ye oPe onelther necessi- domestic growth, we would
ty nor ‘incompetence has as probably have had robust
1 pushed us into hyperinfla- gross domestic product
Tow But we do not have a wth and even faster-ris-
malar are Beatin fr eh
in which competitive forces
can be efficiently accommo- society today.
dated. Stagflation is, therefore;
We suffer from a shortage the wrong term to describe
of skills. Those with market- our present condition as it
able training can and do suggests that inflation may in
drive wages up in each eco- some way explain our stag
nomic upturn, nating economic growth.
. a ‘That has not been the case.
i : This year’s estimated cur-
Painless , rent acrount surplus contin-
Private-sector labour | ues to be adjusted upwards.
unions remain bastions of ne- In the first half of the year we
gotiating power for large achieved an annualised sur-
numbers of employees. The plus of R6 000-million. The fi-
buble secur, epployng “al ally may be even ger
force, has for years followed i s dmporis continue to fall
the political route to ensure while gold holds above $300.
its economic position. The fe At some point this huge net
evolving black unions have foreign earning will cease to
only recently started to exert p solely ay plied to repaying
their power. foreign debt as recovery be-
Apart from these sources h
of Tage pressure, there are Forte inflation fires have
the material aspirations in quenched in splie or the in
our society which are capa- ression of oti re “a
ble of pressing many into Ing. inflation Tate But the
debt to bring forward the en- Ger tration, rate, But the

joyment of goods which
‘would otherwise require sav-
ing first.
instant gratification has
Bane Infevest rate Sand in is i
interest rate stand in its + i
Increases

. pact of 1984’s declining rand
should be discounted to the
extent that they will not re-
cur.

way.
Tt is these private de-

mands, in combination with Tn doing that one is con-

fronted with this year’s wage

the socio-political demands
Of the Government, that are! and salary increases, which
giving our society its re- below 10%.
Source pressure. But our economic struc-
Spiraling prices result be- ture remains essentially un-
cause we do not know pain- | changed, and equally so the
less ways of containing these | willingness of monetary poli-
competitive pressures. The. | cy (or in its absence the ve-
only tool that remains is en- locity of money) to accom-
forced underutilisation of re- modate the competitive
sources by way of recession, ; forces once the upturn starts.
in this way reducing price - : A mountain of demands is
pressure in most markets. building up: in public and pri-
But to read into the present vate pay, in fringe benefit
recessionary conditions an compensation, in white and
active anti-inflation manifes- black aspirations, in Govern-.
to would be to delude oneself. ment priorities (consumptive
We need to grow and provide as well as infrastructural).
jobs. To win the fight against
The recession came only inflation we require a con-
because of a constrained ex- » Sensus of which, we seem in- ;
ternal environment. That it capable.
has helped to contain infla- ‘ho will be first in the
thon below 15% annually has next wage round, the public :
been an incidental side ef- or the private sector?
fect. A the export sector never real-
ly stopped firing the last cy-

cle’s salvos?

cso: 3400/872



ETANGO ACCUSED OF PLOTTING AGAINST CDA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 25 Jul 85 pp 1, 3

[Text]

ETANGO, a cultural organisation run by the
Army in the north, was trying to break the Chris-
tian Democratic Action for Social Justice (CDA),
the leader of the party and Chairman of the
Owambo Executive, Mr Peter Kalangula, said to-

day.

He said this when asked
to comment on the resigna-
tion of the Chairman of the
Owambo Legislative As-
sembly, Chief Gabriel
Kwautima.

At the same time Mr
Kalangula declined to
comment on rumours that
moves were afoot to oust

him.
He said Chief Kwautima |
» was already on the board ;
of Etango although he had
not yet resigned from the ,
CDA.
Chief ‘Kwautima said
earlier this week he was
resigning as he wanted to
join the new government. '
Although Etango pur-!
ported to be a cultural
organisation, Mr
Kalangula said it appeared

cso: 3400/892

~ to be very active on a,

political level.
“It wants to break the

* CDA,” he said, “and the

aim is to force people to
join the Transitional
Government.”

Although the organisa-
tion was campaigning hard

for the support’ of the °

civilian population, most of
their members were still
from the ranks of the
Army and Police he said.
Speculation in the last
months has been rife that
an attempt is being made
to remove Mr Kalangula
from his position of :
authority in the north
because of his lack of ‘co-
loperation with the Army '

35

and his resistance to join-
ing the Transitional
Government.

However, Etango was

strongly attacked by a
member of the transitional
government and DTA
member, Mr Katuutire
Kaura, ten days ago as a
body aimed at undermin-
ing the government.
, Well-informed observers
have raised the possibility,
however, that Etango also
aimed to indirectly
generate support the Tran-
sitional Government is said
to be lacking in the north
without. itself playing a
direct role in the National
Assembly.

Etango supporters in the:
organisation’s tee . shirts
were very much in

levidence at the inaugura-

tion festivities of the new
government.

There have also been un-
confirmed reports that the
DTA is attempting to rally
support against .§ Mr
Kalangula. ot

JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA



JPRS*SSA~85=080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MARXISM SEEN BEHIND RECENT VIOLENCE

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 24 Jul 85 p 17

[Commentary by Ken Owen]

[Text] Nobody can say now : The priesthood is j Of Miss Skhosana’s
whether Matthew more sceptical these ° death I can only say, as
Goniwe wanted to be ‘days of the Virgin Dylan Thomas said of
buried at Cradock on Birth than of liber- , a child’s death by fire
Saturday under the ation theory, so the in London, that after
hammer and sickle of church is unlikely to the first there is no
the Soviet Union, a discern a pattern in . other.

anner of barbarism the weekly witchhun
rivalled in our time for “informers” to be _ spelt { have no doubt
only by the Swastika. slaughtered on planned according to

But the red flag that camera, modern Marxist
flapped over the Frankly, I find it ; revolutionary theory.
mourning priests at easier to believe the ! She was chosen — if
his graveside did say Virgin Birth than to you have seen Apoca-
something about. the, assign these events to lypse Now you will
gause in whieh he chance. : Know what discipline

Hed. is required for the

This is not, let me Fi iI

He was not alone in add S eomately, the ' ehoice — to be the
dying. Nobody who . folly of innocence. I messenger of terror, to
saw the television film i have followed the ; warn the community:
of Miss Maki Skhosana ! progress of the Afri- ~ do not “collaborate”.
killed by fire and beat- can revolution south- | Do not be suspected of
ing at another grave- ward from the Sudan, it, Do not risk even
side on Saturday can where a priest took me being accused of colla-
doubt the voracity of in 1960 to examine a boration.
that cause, its appetite village destroyed by The use of a Marxist
for death. , troops who suspected technique of terror

Miss Skhosana, 23, its inhabitants of does not necessarily
was the third person . “collaborating” with make the unrest in the
alleged by her killers the Anyanya rebels. ! townships Marxist; the
to be a “police infor- - - aT : flying of the hammer
mer” singled out at a Kenya an a angan and sickle is harder to
burial on the East yika, ak t ane explain, but Bishop
Rand in three weeks. . Burun nd a anga. Tutu has suggested
The first was saved by Angola Ot al an "4 reasonably that it was
Bishop Simeon Mozam sf bia perhaps a gesture of
Nkoane; the second im: bwe ine 4 lefiance.
was saved by the Mozambl jue — I have What is impossible
heroic intervention of been on the fringes, or to explain away is the
Bishop Nkoane and sometimes in the thick Freedom Charter, in’
Bishop Desmond Tutu. f it, all the wa os whose name the poli-
Miss Skhosana was un- , Stumbling across tee tical protest occurs.
ate. dis the corpses that litter the The charter envi:
: priests were marching ‘ road to liberation. gages, a South Af rea
under the red flag at « a

Cradock.


The Chairman, Mr Peter '
Nguvauva had to intervene |
as. Mr Shipanga and
Swanu and Swapo D
Members objected loudly
and he called the House to
order, reminding Members
that they were not there to
discuss AG 8 and would ;
gain an oportunity to do so
in the Third Reading stage
of the Budget Bill.

Mr Shipanga then rose
on a point of order and |
said he could understand
the feelings of “certain
honourable gentlemen” .
towards | “their baby”
(AG 8) ‘which had been
agreed with a former :
Administrator-General, |
Doctor Gerrit Viljoen, but |
was now dishonoured.

The Chairman again cal-
led for order and a vote
was held with Swanu and
Swapo D opposing the.
Budget Vote.

The final Budget Vote,
Improvement of Condi-
tions of Service, was ap-
proved without debate, and
the Budget bill completed
its Committee Stage.

Earlier in the debate, Mr
Mudge and the Minister of
Local Authorities and
Civic Affairs, Mr Hans:
Diergaardt, clashed over
Budget allocations to se-'
cond tier authorities for
education and pensions.

Reacting to a statement.
on Monday. by Mr
Diergaardt; Mr- Mudge
said one could not sum-
marily say the Central
Government only paid
.75% of teachers salaries,
leaving second tier
authorities to foot the rest:
of the bill.

Mr Diergaardt insisted
that he was correct and,
that Rehoboth’s Health al-
location had decreased. He
also called for tore money:

cso: 3400/892

ito be made available for}
social pensions. ‘
* Mr Mudge said he could
not understand why Mr
Diergaardt appeared to be
criticising the Budget when:
he was one of the eight
ministers. who had : ap-!
proved it,

Mr Mudge said he was
not prepared to be cross-'
examined by his fellow
ministers over something
they also took respon-
sibility for.

He asked Mr Diergaardt
-whether he was in fact a
member of the Govern-
ment or the representative;
of Rehoboth in the House.;

31



The business community, being
mostly white, is also very timid.
Many times our employers and
those who determine the economic
development of the country, have
been meeting and making plaintive
cries about the need to change.
Their privileged position unfortu-
nately also blinds them to the real
needs that the people are crying out
for. ‘

PART OF THE
SOUTH AFRICAN
OAY OF LIFE...

cso: 3400/884

63

But it seems to us they are not the
hard-nosed businessmen that their
observors make them out to be.
There is no courage. There is no de-
termination to put the ship back on
course.

If anything the business com-
munity should demand that acts of

. Violence from anybody, and cold-

blooded murder of men and women,
must be addressed with the greatest
urgency. Otherwise we might as well’
give the whole thing up.



IPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

POPULARITY OF FRANCHISING REPORTED
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 5

[Article by Ciaran Ryan]

[Text] FRANCHISING has

reached epidemic pro-'
portions in South
Africa.

Experts say SA is taking
the American route where
everything from publishing
to exhaust fitting is fran-
chised.

More than 30% of retail
sales in the US are made in
franchised outlets. The figure
is expected to jump to 50% by
the turn of the century.

Bath menders

Some unusual but highly
successful franchising groups
have emerged in SA. Master
Maths is a Cape-based educa-. :
tional franchisor as the name
‘suggests and has eight bran-
ches. .

Mend-a-Bath is a Port
Elizabeth-based bath enam- '

‘elling company which fran-
chises its services throughout °
SA. It has no branches and is
one of the least-known
franchisors.

Technimark is an industri-
al marketing franchisor.

Midas, Unipart and Ray
Lite Batteries are rapidly ex-
panding franchisors in the
automative industry.

Kardies and Fotoglaze
deal in greeting cards and
gifts.

There are now four print-
ing franchise Broups: Pronta-
print, Minit Print, Jet Line
-and Sir Speedy Instant Print. :
* Ice-cream outlets are

rowing. In the four years
fat Carvel has operated in
SA, it has built Ha a network |
+ of 42 outlets. Milky Lane Ice’
Cream has operated in SA for’

CsO: 3400/872

25 years, but has been fran-
chising for only two years
and has established eight out-
lets.

Steak houses

Fast-food outlets and res-
taurants have expanded in
spite of the recession and

ere are no signs of the
trend abating.
branches in the past two
yea%5, giving it a total of 34,
It plans to open seven this
year. The group expects to
turn over R20-million this

Mike's Kitchen opened 27,

year and R22-million next

year.
Steers has increased the
number of its steak houses

from a handful a few years -

ago to 25. Managing director
Johnny Halamandres says
the group turns over about
R10-million a year and will
expand from the Transvaal
to other provinces.

Turn ‘n Tender is the one
blemish in franchising suc-
cesses. It closed five restau-
rants, leaving it with 11, all of
which are highly profitable.

The group acquired the

‘name “Turn 'n Bolt” after a
tring of closures, but the
franchise is still highly re-
garded and is potentially a
money-spinner. Managing di-

rector Dale Alexander denies,

the group is in trouble, point-
ing out that several restau-
rants are about to be opened.

Good sites
A new Natal-based fran-

chise, Mississippt Seafoods,
has three outlets | but expects

100

1. to grow to seven by the end of
the year. The group's outlets
have been extremely suc-
cessful and Mississippi direc-

| tor Rob Tweedie says there
may be as many as 20 bran-
ches by 1987...

| Juicy Lucy has 85 branches
and intends opening 12 this

ear. The group turns over

19-million a year. Market-
ing director Terry McPhail
says expansion is forced on
the group to some extent be-
cause of the availability of

; good sites, which if not
snapped up by Juicy Lucy,
will be taken by competitors.

Captain Dorego, which has
| 42 branches, was recently

! taken over by Squires Loft:

!. Kentucky Fried Chicken
has 170 outlets with a turn-
over of about R75-million.

Capital

Wimpy has 185 stores with
an annual turnover of R60-
million. The group is a sub-
sidiary of Anglovaal and is
pitching itself at more up-
market customers after es-
tablishing a name as a
family-type restaurant.

Mr Roosters has 30 outlets
\ and Kwikchips has 12.
MacMunch has 11 bran-
ches, only three of which are
franchised. It intends pumy
ing another R7-million int
the group.
Mike Collins, head of the
South African Franchisinj
Association, says it is unusual
for a franchisor to raise cap-
ital. “Companies * franchise
when they do not have suffi-
cient capital to expand on
jeir own.”


JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

ZAIRE

GRADUATION OF CIVIL GUARD CLASS REPORTED
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 14 Jun 85 pp 1, 7

[Article: "The First Contingent of the Civil Guard Named 'First
Battalion Mobutu Sese Seko'"]

[Text] On Wednesday morning in Maluku, Citizen Mandungu Bula
Nyati, president of the civil guard, gave the parting address
and conveyed the warm congratulations of the president and
founder of the MPR, Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko, to the recruits of
the first contingent of the civil guard which will henceforth be
called the "First Battalion Mobutu Sese Seko."

If the first contingent of the civil guard comprising 350 people
bears the prestigious name of Mobutu Sese Seko, Citizen Mandungu
declared, it is to show the importance which the father of the
nation attaches to this new elite corps which he wishes to be
composed of the country's best sons and daughters.

We are convinced, he emphasized, that all those in the First Ba-
tallion Mobutu Sese Seko are the best because they were able to
give the best of themselves by meeting the rigorous intellectual
and physical conditions imposed by the recruitment committee on
all candidates without any distinction.

"Always the best the better to defend and serve the leader of
the party and the Zairian people," the motto of the civil guard,
Citizen Mandungu noted, is the first lesson that all members of
the civil guard must learn by heart, and that should character-
ize their behavior in any place and at any moment.

Given the responsibility of establishing this new elite para-
military corps, Citizen Mandungu, who personally accompanied the
young recruits to their training camp set up in Maluku, made a
point of explaining to them the objectives and the mission of
the civil guard as they are defined by statute No 84-036 of 28
August dealing with its creation.

The young members of the First Battalion Mobutu Sese Seko, im-
peccably dressed in green uniform, the party color, listened

122


JPRS@SSA%85*080
2 September 1985

NIGERIA

FRICTIONS BETWEEN BUHARI, BABANGIDA EXPOSED
London TALKING DRUMS in English 15 Jul 85 p 7

[Text] Over the last few months following the Buhari military take-over,
Nigeria, which had hitherto been the main source of news attraction on the
West Coast of Africa, was surprisingly quiet. The silence falsely created
an impression of a nation undergoing the sobering consequences of economic
deprivation.

Moreover, with the abolition of all political parties, the panacea for the
country's political disharmony was said to have been completely eroded. But
as time went on and the nation slowly started grinding to a halt, it was
soon evident that the relative calm and quiet had been deceptive and that
beneath the ordinary facade of peace and sombre reflection is a highly
frustrated and anguished nation with all of its citizens in chains.

Within the ruling supreme military junta itself, all have appeared not well
at all. And, publicly addressing officers and men of the armed forces and
police at the Ikeja military cantonment in Lagos, a few months back, the
head of the military junta, Leko Buhari, said something extremely unusual,
and to those in the dark, completely out of context.

He warned that "any military officer who felt too big for his office or
duties should quit, or would be shown the way out." I set out to find and
investigate the reason behind this sudden outburst. My investigations are
what this report is all about.

Revelations indicate divergence of policy perceptions have resulted in
personality clashes and the attendant formation of loyalties and groupings,
centering around two major actors, the head of the military junta, Leko
Buhari on one hand and Ibrahim Babangida, chief of army staff on the other,
with the rather abrasive Tunde Idiagbon hovering in the background and
cowering mid-between.

My sources say the appointment of Lawal Rafindadi as the substantive Director-
General of the country's National Security Organisation was the beginning

4A



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COUNTRY'S FUTURE PLACED BEFORE POLITICAL INTERESTS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 6 Aug 85 p 4

(Editorial:

[Text ]

THE Government has been given
a one-month breathing space by
foreign states in which it is hoped
some significant announcements
towards structural change will be
made,

There is currently a situation
in Pietersburg which seems pre-
tty basic, but places the Govern-
ment in a straitjacket from which
it seems rather difficult to man-
ouvre. The type of bigotry shown
by the Pietersburg City Council
in refusing the African Bank
premises in the central business
district, is only one of the many
obstacles that Mr P W Botha will
have to overcome before signifi-
cant change is made.

The Government is set in colli-
sion course with the council be-
cause, while the Department of
Constitutional Development and -
Planning has given the bank the
green light to operate in that city,
the city fathers are vehemently
against this.

It is generally presumed that
we are operating under a system
of free enterprise, but such po-
litical moves give the lie to this
assertion. It is not going to solve
the problems of the country for
the African Bank to have, or
even not to have, premises in Pie-

* tersburg.

83

"South Africa's Future Comes First"]

But Pietersburg is simply one
example of the general feeling
among verkrampte whites who
are against reform and change.

If the Government is to be seen
to be making significant changes,
then it is bound to take strong
action against such councils. The
Pietersburg City Council is inci- |
dentally not the only, nor the
first, to display such ox-wagon
tendencies to change.

Business leaders have deplored
what they termed “a political de-
cision on a purely economic mat-
» ter”, but they will have to do
. more than simply signal their
* disquiet.

if the Government is: being .

pressured to change such gran-

ite-like apartheid laws as influx
‘ control and the Group Areas
1 Act, then it needs to be given lee-
» way. by its constituents to start
~ moving.

“The Africaners in the north,

ern Transvaal have thei own do-

mestic squabbles in which, for

; instance, the National Party fac-

‘tion is fighting the hard-line
'. right-wingers in the Conserva-

tive Party. The Government will
: have to show aggressive action in
..»8etting these people to accept the
«* realities we are facing. .



JPRS~SSA+85~080
2 September 1985

CHAD

REGIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES ANNOUNCED
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 1 Jul 85 pp 16-19

[Text] ATP--Major changes were made in the territorial administration with the
signing on Saturday 29 June of decree No 513/PR/MINTRA/85 that makes important
changes in posts of responsibility in Chad's prefectures.’ The appointed
officials are as follows [name order as published]: .

B.E.T. PREFECTURE

Prefect Youssouf Seid

Subprefect for Borkou with residence at Kosseya Nguilimi
Kouba

Assistant subprefect for Borkou Wouche Koukourmi

Subprefect for Ennedi with residence at Yaya Noukouri
Kalait

Assistant subprefect for Ennedi Haroun Diko

BATHA PREFECTURE

Assistant to prefect Mbaigoto Bessane
Subprefect for Djedda Bichara Youssouf Radana
Assistant subprefect for Djedda Nanalta Allara
Subprefect for Oum-Hadjer Mouta Mbodou Choukou
Chief of P.A. [expansion unknown] Togoi Maide

at Assinet

BILTINE PREFECTURE

Subprefect for Am-Zoer Yaya Berdet

Assistant subprefect for Am-Zoer Borkou Mahamat
Subprefect for Guereda _.. Addei Annour
Assistant subprefect for Iriba Cherif Moussa

CHARI-BAGUIRMI PREFECTURE

Prefect Bamaye Mamadou Boukar
Subprefect for rural Ndjamena Albechir Mahamat Haroun
Assistant subprefect for rural Ndjamena Haroun Saleh



Balanced Criticism of Security Force Urged
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 23 Jul 85). .ccccccccscsscccceces

Briefs
Senior Headman Resigns
Record Owambo Budget
White Population Shrinks

NIGERIA

Frictions Between Buhari, Babangida Exposed
(TALKING DRUMS, 15 Jul (> ne

Countertrade Allegations Come as No Surprise
(Lagos International Service, 6 Aug 85).scesccsccccesccece

Briefs
Arrests for Ban Violation
Vanguard Comments on Neighbors' Hostility
"Aid to Illegal Entry’ Warning
French Military Technology Interest

SENEGAL

LD/MPT Central Committee Meeting Proceedings
(FAGARU, Jul 85) cscccccccecccscccccccescscccecvecsssesees

Vrhovec, Diouf Discuss Political, Economic Ties
(TANJUG, 2 Aug 85) ..ccccccecccscccccceees

eee eeecccee

Colloquium on Palestinian People's Rights Ends
(Dakar Domestic Service, 7 Aug 85)sscseccscccccsccesccecce

Senegalese Satirical Magazine To Appear Weekly
(AFP, 12 Aug 85). .ccccceeee

eetee

Poe e eee ccecccccevcces

SOMALIA

Briefs .
Fuel Sales Halted

SOUTH AFRICA

Anti-Apartheid Bill Threat to Friendship With U.S.
(Erik Larsen; THE CITIZEN, 9 Aug 85)...

Riot Insurance Increasing in Demand
(Kin Bentley; EVENING POST, 24 Jul 85).cceccesccccccescecs

Marxism Seen Behind Recent Violence
(Ken Owen; DAILY DISPATCH, 24 Jul 85) waecccccccccccecccecs

-c+

38

40

40

40

4l

44

45

45

45

46

47

51

52

54

56

57

59

60


BALANCED CRITECISM OF SECURITY FORCE URGED

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 23 Jul 85 p 3

[Text]

CRITICISM of the Security Force for alleged
atrocities and malpractices should be balanced by
praise for its role in ensuring the safety of the
country, the Minister of Finance, Mr Dirk Mudge
(DTA), said in the House of Assembly yesterday.

Mr Mudge was speaking
during discussion on the
Defence Vote in the Com-
mittee Stage of the Budget
Bill.

He was replying to an
earlier speech by Mr PH
Moongo, (Swapo D), who
said the Security Force and
especially the —_ police
counter insurgency unit
known as Koevoet should:
be brought under political
control.

This was necessary
because members of the
force had raped, killed and
molested civilians and were
, creating an obstacle to
convincing the people that
the Transitional Govern-
ment was serious in what it
was trying to achieve.

He accused Security
Force members of frighten-
ing civilians near towns
such as Ondangua by fir-
ing weapons unnecessarliy |
and of leaving explosives
lying around only to be
picked up and played with.
by children, :

Mr Mudge ' said ’ any :
person given power and
responsibility should exer-

cise it with great respon-'
sibility.

There was much wrong
with the Security Force,
but if it wasn’t for the’same
people who were so easily
criticised, members would
not be able to sit in the
National Assembly, prac-
.tice politics, or address a
political meeting in
Owambo.

Mr Mudge said much of
the criticism was levelled
amongst blacks in the
Security Force but they
were owed gratitude for:
;.making it possible to live in
this country, a.

Mr Mudge said he did’

‘not want to take as an ex-
ample other ~— African
countries, where there was
a lack Of discipline.

: The Minister of Mineral
and Energy Affairs, Mr
Andreas Shipanga, said he
wanted to react “to the
recurrent theme in the
house that nothing good
could come from Africa.”

He said there were cer.
tain democracies in Africa

|such as Botswana which

‘respected the rule of law,

38

“ Moses

human rights and private

property,
One did not read of mis-
_ treatment of Botswana

civilians by the country’s
police and defence force.

It would be dangerous
only to heap praise, on
them and not criticise them
for their misdeeds.

The Minister of National
Health and Welfare, Mr
Katjiuongua
(Swanu), said he hoped the
day would come in the
House when “people would
stop worshipping at the
temple of trying to change
what someone else had just
said.”

He had received letters
from ordinary _ people
which expressed great dis-
satisfaction at certain ac-

JPRS#SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA

tions by the Security ©

Force.

Members shouild not be
political cowards when
they hear of something
wrong and should have the
backbone to investigate
complaints,

“Those of us who have
to work very hard to get
this government and its in-
stitutions including the
army accepted by the
black community, can’t af-
ford to ignore the com-
plaints that come from that
community.”


What about the arson and stonings attributed to pupils and students in the
townships?

The average student leader concedes that leaders like himself have "serious
problems" in this regard.

He would personally never sanction such action, he says, but there are some
pupils who believe in violence as a solution to their problems.

The leader seems to revel in those occasions where students can show their
"solidarity", such as protest meetings and political funerals.

Such occasions seem to give him the opportunity to show his open defiance of
anything that signifies authority, particularly the police.

Arrest and prosecution are generally. regarded not as a stigma but as status
symbols that enhance a leader's reputation.

csO: 3400/839

69



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BOESAK PLANNED VISIT TO MOSCOW YOUTH FESTIVAL
MB041032 Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 4 Aug 85 p 1
[Article by Stephan Terblanche]

[Text] Dr Allan Boesak's political activities and the controversial presence
of communist flags and banners at the Cradock funeral. where he officiated
will come under close scrutiny tomorrow at an executive meeting of his church.

This comes only a week after Dr Boesak is said to have aborted secret plans
to fly from Paris to Moscow to attend an International Youth Festival in the
Soviet Union.

Members of the Dutch Reformed Mission Church--of which Dr Boesak is the
assessor--have indicated that there is growing concern and opposition to his
political activities within his own church.

Church officials said they were unaware of Dr Boesak's plans last week to
fly to Moscow and said this would not be on the agenda for discussion.

Dr Boesak also denied in an interview in Capte Town yesterday that he had
ever intended going to Moscow during his recent European trip: "That's
silly...I have too much work to do here," he said.

But earlier in the week an Air France official confirmed that Dr Boesak
had been booked on a flight from Paris’ Charles de Gaulle Airport to Moscow.
It is believed Dr Boesak was invited to the Moscow festival by the organisers.

London sources said a middleman, known as Jean Claude Kennedy, made the
flight booking for Dr Boesak and was to arrange a visa for him.

His plans to go to Moscow were also confirmed by his Cape Town secretary,
Miss Thelma Sacco.

Miss Sacco said in a telephone interview that Dr Boesak had cancelled
his plans to go to Moscow.

78


802179
JPRS-SSA-85-080
2 September 1985.

Sub-Saharan Africa Report a

[FBIS] FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE _

RepRoDUCED BY. ==SC=t*~“S*~*‘“‘<“<CSCtSt “
MENA CECE a i pant roeore: |
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GAME FARMS CAUSE OF SPIRALLING LAND COST

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 9

[Article by Brendan Ryan]

[Text] PART-TIME game far-
mers have again come
under fire after a visit
to the Northern Trans-
vaal by the Minister of
Agriculture and Water
Supply, Sarel Hayward.

He claimed in a television
programme that professional
People buying game farms on
the borders were responsible
for the spiralling cost of land,
He said this practice had to
stop.

He said the spread of game
farming was not the kind of
agricultural development the
Government had in mind
when it launched its aid cam-
paign for the border areas
some years ago.

Victimised

However, game farmers
believe they are being victi-
mised for the political bot-
tom-line of getting more
whites to settle in the sensi-
tive security areas borderin;
Botswana, Zimbabwe ani
Mozambique.

often the best way to expl

low-rainfall areas in the
Northern Transvaal because
the land may not be suitable
for other kinds of farming.
Farmers have left the region
because they were unable to
make a living from dry-land
crop farming and cattle

ranching.
Game farmers say the
Government uires that

the buyer of a farm in the
border area should live on

They say game farming is _

‘
the property. Only farmers wants to bring in foreign
living on their land qualify hunters and provide luxury
for the border aid packages, accommodation and get per-

The television programme mission to shoot ali year,
included interviews with far- capital costs will be high.
mers who claimed that more 3
than 90% of the cattle farms ment i ot een a
in the region were too small, | shooting by SA hunters Foon
but the price of land prevent: mers can’ bring in game.
ed them from extending their viewers and photographer in

anches. the hot summer months when

Droughts there is little or no hunting.

They said the heavy invest- :
ment required for euttle Income
Profitability of game

farming had added to their

burgeoning debts. farming is helped by increas-
But game farmers say the ing numbers of people look-

region should be farmed for ing for hunting in the Trans-

game not cattle. Game is vaal.

adapted to the area with its 7

low rainfall, sparse vegeta- Farmers say that is sone .

tion and periodic droughts, colleadnes aut poet

But cattle are not. ‘— many of them are keen

Long after the natural
grass has gone and the cattle : hunters and shoot each year

with it, kudu and impala are

still on the veld, living on Nature conservation offi-
: Weeds, mopane leaves, aca- cials recommended the Mes-
: cia seed pods and thorn-tree sina and Soutpansberg ma-
| twigs. isterial districts be closed to
i unting this season to allow
i Cheaper : the game to recover from the
i

effects of the drought.

However, the areas were
declared open after lobbyin,
by farmers who did not want

Game farming is generally

1 cheaper than cattle ranching
because fat lower erating

‘ costs and the initial capital ‘
Investment is often much to lose the only remaining
lower. In most of the border source of revenue for many
areas game is already on the of them.

+ farms,

Game farmers can make
“money through commercial
harvesting of venison by pro-

‘ Anyone going in for game
farmi
fessional culling, by trophy

ing can cut his coat ac- |
cording to his cloth. If he

104


ETHIOPIA

Briefs
Swedish Aid

GHANA
Briefs
Libyan Agricultural Aid
New Cedi Exchange Rate
LIBERIA

Unity Party Chairman Reports Arrest of Partisan
CELWA, 7 Aug 85).cccccccscccccsccsccccsssseccseesseseseees

PUL Calls for Fair Trial for Detained Journalist
(ELWA, 7 Aug 85)..ccccccccsccccccccccccccccccccccccccscecs

MOZAMBIQUE

National Situation on 10th Independence Anniversary Assessed
(Augusto de Carvalho; DIARIO DE NOTICIAS, 4 Jul 85).......

Repairs Planned for Beira Spillway
(NOTICIAS, 9 Jul 85). .cccecccccccccccccccvcccccsssccccseee

Briefs
Portugal Grants Aid
Pilot Killed
NAMIBIA

SWAPO-D, SWANU Oppose Budget
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 24 Jul 85)..ssssccccccesscccceses

Farmers Urged To Sell Surplus Beef Locally
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 23 Jul 85)..cceccccccccccseccees

Control Over White Entry to Namibia Planned
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 23 Jul 85)...seseveee

Do Not Manipulate Black Middle Class Says Moses
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 25. Jul 85)..cccccsssscccccesecs

ETANGO Accused of Plotting Against CDA
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 25 Jul 85).ccceccecccccccccccees

Legal Advice Sought on AG8
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 25 Jul 85).scsccccccsscccecevecs

-b-

16

17

17

18

19

20

27

29

29

30

32

33

34

35

36



hunting and by catering for!
the growing demand for
camping, game viewing and
photography in the wild.

Less crowded

There is a large potential
market for holidays in the
bush. Many nature fovers are
looking for something less
crowded than the Kruger
National Park, but few can
afford Mala Mala-style pri.”
vate sanctuaries,

In the Transvaal border
areas farmers are also mak-
ing money from trapping and
selling live game under na-
ture conservation super-
vision. i

‘These farms are fortunate
in having large numbers of
game. There is great demand
for game to restock many
areas of the Transvaal.

Damage fear

This is another aspect of
Government policy for the
region which worries game
farmers and conservation-
ists.

The Government's efforts
to develop what it considers
desirable agricultural enter-
. prises could damage the last
‘areas of the Transvaal out-
side the wildlife sanctuaries
where there are big tracts of
undeveloped bush and large
numbers of game.

The Government has
sweeping powers in the re-

sion and the South African
efence Force can do virtu-
ally what it likes with land y
to 10km from the internation-
al boundary.

CsO: 3400/872

105



There are those who promise to put an end to the war and to hunger in the next
2 years, but behind the "armed banditry," as it is called here, social
banditry hides and proliferates and sometimes takes up arms.

In all the corners of the earth, therefore, from South Africa to the Soviet
Union, from the United States of America to China, the view we have heard is
the same: "There is no alternative to Samora Machel," or, if you will, "the
alternative would be racism and a bloodbath."

5157
CSO: = 3442/353

26


TWO GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS TO BE RATLONALIZED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 8 Aug 85 p 10

[Text]

cso:

TWO of the Govern-.

ment’s largest depart-
ments have been ra-
tionalised for the fu-
ture control of Black
Affairs and constitu-
tional planning,
according to the State
President, Mr P W Bo-
tha.

The Department of

Constitutional Develop- °

ment and Planning will
retain its name, although

it will receive part of the '

duties of the Department
of Co-operation, Educa-
tion and Training, Mr Bo-
tha told a Press confer-
ence at the Union Buil-
dings in Pretoria yester-
day.

. The newly named Min-
istry of Education and
Development Aid would
consist of two depart-
ments, the first dealing
with the planning of edu-

cation, and the promotion ;

of culture and sport
among Blacks.

The Department of De-
velopment Aid would di-
Tect its activities mainly at
land affairs, works and
management services in

;the national states, Mr
’ Botha said. ‘

3400/887

Asked whether the
transfer of part of Black
affairs indicated that the
Department of Constitu-
tional Development and
Planning was now in
charge of thé affairs of ur-
ban Blacks, Mr Botha
said:

“Temporarily, yes. But

, we have said in the part

85

that we stand for the de-
volution of power,”

The Minister, Mr Chris
Heunis, is to be assisted
by two Deputy Ministers,
Mr Ben Wilken and Mr
Piet Badenhorst, the
President said.

Mr Botha said Mr Heu-
nis’ department would
deal mainly with the de-
termination of — land
usage, community
administration and consti-
tutional planning.

He added that the rat-
ionalisation of depart-
ments would make the
two Ministries more
“manageable.”

Asked whether the re-
structuring meant that
constitutional proposals
for Urban Blacks would
be announced soon, Mr
Botha said:

“For that you will have
to wait until I-make my

statement in this regard.” *

— Sapa.

JPRS#SSA~85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



IJPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

UK FOREIGN OFFICE PROBING RSA USE OF RADAR
MBO51252 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1134 GMT 5 Aug 85

[Text] London, 5 Aug, SAPA--The British Foreign Office is investigating re-
ports that radar equipment sold to South Africa for civilian use has been
installed at military bases in contravention of the UN arms embargo.

Reports published in London at the weekend were based on photographs of the
radar in use at a South African Air Force base in the Transvaal, published in
the official journal of the South African Defence Force.

One of the photographs is captioned: "Marconi radar at northern air defence
sector, Devon-~an intricate part of the fighter control tracking system."

The equipment was sold by the British Marconi Company and two year ago, when
the sale was disclosed, government ministers told the House of Commons and
the United Nations that an export licence had been granted because it was
for civilian use in air traffic control.

The anti-apartheid movement is now accusing the government of misleading
parliament and the UN Security Council.

A Foreign Office spokesman said this morning: "We are looking into the mat-
ter. If necessary we will ask our embassy to send us the photographs."

Marconi has been selling radar equipment to South Africa over a number of
years, and Whitehall sources said it was not clear whether the equipment

in question was supplied before or after the arms embargo was introduced in
1967.

csO: 3400/820

80


JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

CHAD

UNIR CELEBRATES FIRST ANNIVERSARY, ASSESSES PROGRESS
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 21 Jul 85 pp 2-5

(Text] ATP--It was late in the evening, that 22 June 1984. The delegates from
the 14 Chad prefectures were coming to the end of long and exciting
deliberations on ending the life of one political-military organ to which
Chadians were particularly attached, and creating on the same occasion another
dynamic and renewed one more appropriate to the tumultuous evolution of our
country. When the National Union for Independence and Revolution (UNIR) was
announced, the hall of the Foreign Affairs Ministry where the extraordinary
congress of the Northern Armed Forces (FAN) was being held echoed with the
prolonged applause. The fervent opponents of dissolving the CCFAN, as well as
those who were less fervent supporters of a new political framework,
unanimously hailed this great day. The debates over the UNIR already promised
a bright future for the movement. The celebration of its first anniversary
enables us even more than yesterday, thanks to the great accomplishment of the
past 12 months, to appreciate the real significance of 22 June 1984,

One year has passed quickly in this country where events have followed in
close succession to attract, or even enchant, the attention of Chadians. If 7
June 1982 remains engraved on the memory of everyone for having halted as if
by magic the total ruin of the Chadian nation, 22 June 1984 consecrated the
renaissance and solidified the new consciousness of the Chadian masses. By
giving birth to the UNIR, 22 June 1984 established itself as a day inedelibly
marked. For in Chad, more than elsewhere, it is not enough to win a victory,
one still has to build, to consolidate the gains of the victory. The UNIR was
conceived in the spirit of that struggle. It is an instrument more than a
framework, a tool for national construction based on the unity, independence
and territorial integrity of Chad, as well on the hope and vitality of the
Chadian people. Since its birth the UNIR has demonstrated a dual commitment:
of the past and the future.

Obviously, replacing the Chadian National Liberation Front-Armed Forces of the
North (FROLINAT-FAN) was not an easy task: yet the UNIR was created on the
remnants of this political-military organization that had earned its laurels
in a long and perilous war of liberation. Indeed, without exaggeration, the
FAN undoubtedly marked an important stage in the history of our country.
Rejecting compromises of all types, and basing itself on high patriotic
ideals, the FAN step by step succeeded in restoring a Chad that had been



The session, having expressed satisfaction at the great success of the 1 May
meeting addressed by Comrade Mbaba Guisse on the topic: "Unitary experiences
and trade union struggles," commits the entire party to preparing for the
9 May day in commemoration of the victory over fascism and militarism, and the
31 May anniversary of the legalization of the party.

Also, the Central Committee calls on comrades and democrats to mobilize for
the 9 May trial in which our comrade, Mamadou Ndoya is confronting Iba Der
Thiam, who is the subject of a complaint of defamation and irresponsible
statements.

Taking into consideration the crucial importance of managing the transitional
political economy under the credible alternative to the neocolonial regime,
the 19th Central Committee session decided to devote a special session to
examining the political economy of the transition on the basis of a
preliminary paper prepared by the department of economic studies. An
extraordinary session of the Central Committee on the party's unitary policy
is also planned.

Before concluding its 19th session, the Central Committee addressed its
congratulations to the comrade secretary general of the party, Abdoulaye
Bathily, for his brilliant doctorate thesis in government defended on Saturday
20 April 1985 at the University of Dakar, which culminated sustained effort
and consistent determination in research on economic history and was expressed
with exemplary militance in service of the Senegalese revolution.

The Central Committee has scheduled its next ordinary session for Saturday to
Sunday 3-4 August 1985 at the party's national office.

Dakar, 5 May 1985.
The Central Committee.

9920
CSO: 3419/479

50


CHANGES AT MURRAY & ROBERTS REPORTED

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 2

[Text ]

THEY are changing

the guard at Murray

Roberts along Barlows
ines,

David Brink is taking over
as chief operations officer,
and Bill Bramwell stays on
as chief executive for a few
years more, determining

‘ou ion and oversee-
et transition,
ily if Mr Brink makes a
hash of things will he not take
over the helm — and that is
unlikely, given his track re-
cord.

Crown prince

The position is similar to
the one obtaining in Barlows
where Warren Clewlow was
appointed crown prince
mh le the king, Mike olt,

sl the ‘on.

‘here are several similari-
ties between Mr Brink and
Mr Clewlow. Both are quiet,
family mel a thelr 40s, a
servative, ly numerate, :
with solid academic and busi-
ness back

Mr Brink, 43, has an MSc in
mining engineering from
Wits and a diploma in busi-
ness administration from the
London School of Economics.
Unti now, he has run fhe in

lustrial sub-group ly
‘successfully. Hetore that he
commanded RUC, the lucra-
tive shaft-sinking partner-
ship with Gencor from kick-
off in 1970. For eight years
before that, he was a miner
on Western Deep Levels,

* Sub-groups

In the same way that Mr
Clewlow's account ing back:
ground fits in the Barlows
culture, Mr Brink’s ine i
neeri appropriat
MER

“We have set up seven sub-
groups and they will all re-
part David,” Mr Bramwell

lis me. “This will give him

rience as man. The

alternative was to have sev-

en or eight chaps sitting in a

line for: several years — nota
ing.

Why choose David Brink?

“He was well qualified for
the job. He had the track re-
cord and was the right age.
Being an engineer, he fits into
the M&R culture well.

M&R was the result of a

Murray &

Merger between.
_ Stewart in the Cape and Re
“erts Construction of the ~

Transvaal, and there is still a
slight rift between the north-
ern and southern areas, With
the. exception of Des Baker,
M&R’s chief executives have
come from the north — Wits
-gngineers to a man, including
Bill Bramwell.

Tf he does take over, Mr

" Brink will maintain the tra-

dition, but the Cape will have

* four representatives in the
toi

Mr Bramwell regards con-
struction as M&R’s “core
business”. There was a time
when M&R looked as if it
would buy anything. It even
considered Toligate’s bus Ha
erations. Now, says Mr
Bramwell, the aim js to ex-
Pand organically and by ace

92

quisition from thé éxisting
Se,

“We are continually mov-
ing, acquiring, divesting,
moving companies in and out
of sub-groups, I foresee fur-
ther consolidation, perhaps
fewer sub-groups.”

Merciless

Construction and civil
engineering retain their ap-
peal in spite of merciless re-
straint on spending as well as
unfair competition from the
‘Government

Mr Bramwell reckons
tame ary continue, to be
tough, mining will con-
tinue to provide a work load,
More road and other essen,
tial infrastructural work is
now becoming available.
veral le synfuel
Jects are in the olting Pro-
In the longer term, there Is.
a desperate need to upgrade
black townships” throughout
the land, This suggests more
roads, electrification, wa-
ter and sewerage schemes.
The cost will run to billions.
ale Share pe
terlalise wi ‘on gen-
“eral economic ‘health,
i Mr Bramwell gays: “The
Government is not in a posi-
| ton to increase its spendin,
| radically. For this reason,
think we'll see toll roads built
; and operated by private en-,
se.”
tere be a particular
beneficiary of greater con-
cern for black, coloured and
Asian living standards. It is
well equipped to undertake
1 the roads, schools, hospitals,
* water, sewerage and electri-


FOURTH CHAMBER FOR URBAN BLACKS QUESTIONED

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 25 Jul 85 p 5

[Text ]

cso:

Dispatch Reporter

EAST LONDON — It was

juestionable whether
the NRP’s policy of a
fourth chamber in Par-’
liament for urban blacks
would solve the coun-
try’s constitutional prob-.
lems, the PFP chairman
for King William’s Town,
Mr Alistair Bentley, said
yesterday in a statement.

This was especially
true as the “tried and
trusted” tricameral Par-
liament was seen as the
major reason behind the
present state of unrest.

“The NRP, which cur-
rently holds five seats in
the House of Assembly,
and is about to see its
only power-base, the
Natal Provincial Coun-
cil, scrapped, is in the
‘enviable’ position of
never having to see its
policies implemented.”

If, as the leader of the
NRP, Mr Bill Sutton,
proposed a fourth cham: |

3400/884

71

ber was added, the “deli-
cate ratio” which kept
*“all the power in whit

hands” would alter dra-
matically. “You would
now be faced with a ratio
of at least eight blacks:
four whites: two ‘col-:
oureds’: one Indian.‘
Control would automati-
cally be transferred into

. the hands of the majority

party in the fourth cham-
ber.

“NRP voters might be
interested to note their
party stands for black
majority rule, the very
thing they have been

ing to pin onto the
PFP for years.”

Mr Sutton’s statements:
were a “transparent”!
attempt to “pull the wool
over the eyes of an ever
decreasing number of
white voters”.

Mr Bentley challenged
Mr Sutton to take part in

,8 public debate.

IJPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


FARMERS URGED TO SELL SURPLUS BEEF LOCALLY

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 23 Jul 85 p 3

[Text] MEAT-CONTROLLING bodies in Namibia have

cso:

reacted to the 15% reduction in beef quotas to the’
South African’ controlled markets by urging
producers to fully exploit local slaughter oppor-.,

troduced permanently,
with all the cattle in ques-
tion having to be sent to
the two abattoirs of the
compaiy.

tunities.

The move, announced
by the Mcat Board last
week, means a 570 head
reduction in the number of
cattle supplied to SA
markets either as livestock
or in carcass form every !
week. H

The weekly quota to the
markets at Maitland, Cato
Ridge and-City Deep will
- be 3230 head until the es- |
timated 200.000 surplus in |
South Africa has - been
cleared. . :

Mr Horst Kreft, |
Manager of the - Meat |
Board, said it was hoped
that the pressure on the
South African markets
would ease from next

~ month, enabling the restric-

tion to be reconsidered,

Mr Kreft told The
Advertiser that producers
need not suffer financially
as a result of the restriction
and urged farmers to make
the most of local slaughter
opportunities,

He said the Swavleis fac-
téries in Windhoek and at
Okahandja had been
slaughtering below
capacity during the past
weeks and could cope with
any additional supply.

3400/892

While it was definitely in
the interests of the com-
;Pany to have turnover in-
| creased, the board of direc-
tors saw this as a natural
development rather than a
result of pressure.

He said about R140,00
jof every head of cattle
slaughtered locally was
contributed either directly

: Producers” could” alsé
amend their permits for the
controlled markets in SA
to have the surplus cattle

, Tesulting from the 15%

; festriction slaughtered in

: Namibia.

: Mr Kereft said if
producers held back’ their
supplies to the Swavleis

i factories, exceptional indi
marketing pressure would onary ‘othe
be experienced at the end | Increased local slaughter

of the year. oo “would also result in a con-
Mr Johan Rawlinson, , !siderable reduction in
Executive Deputy- overhead costs per unit.

Chairman of the interim The benefits of this could

board of . directors of ‘be passed on to suppliers in
Swavleis, said it was an- jthe better prices Swavleis
ticipated that the organisa- could pay.

tion would be able to
slaughter the 120 000 head
of cattle necessary for it to
break even financially this
year.

. . However, Swavleis had
;the capacity to slaughter
all additional _ livestock
prevented from travelling
to South Africa every week
in terms of the quota
restriction.

Mr _— Rawlinson said
Swavleis would not seek
for the restriction to be in-

32


IJPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

NIGERIA

COUNTERTRADE ALLEGATIONS COME AS NO SURPRISE
AB071113 Lagos International Service in English 1630 GMT 6 Aug 85
[Viewpoint]

[Text] For some time now, some influences outside the Organization of Petro-
leum Exporting Countries, OPEC, have been making efforts to weaken the soli-
darity of the cartel by encouraging divergences in its ranks and file. They
have sought to destabilize the cartel by spreading false and dangerous re-
ports about some members, especially Nigeria. Of course, the case of Nigeria
is serious. Nigeria, due to a number of factors including market forces and
domestic difficulties, appears to be the weakest link in the OPEC chain. One
can therefore see why it is always Nigeria any time these enemies embark

on their campaigns of calumny against the OPEC.

At a time, they alleged that Nigeria had pulled out of the organization but
up till now, Nigeria remains a loyal and committed member of that body.
There had also been reports by the Western news media that Nigeria had de-
cided unilaterally to keep her daily oil production at the advanced level of
1.4 million barrels after the period of concession granted by OPEC. OPEC
detractors also tried to force Nigeria to break the cartel's price regulations
by encouraging the North Sea producers, who are not bound by the OPEC deci-
sion to reduce the price of their crude which is of the same quality with
Nigeria's Bonny Light. The ultimate motive was to precipitate a price war.
But Nigeria refused to yield to their evil machinations. From the foregoing,
one is therefore not surprised about allegations [words indistinct] in the
OPEC circles that Nigeria has entered into a countertrade agreement on the
oil trade with Canada. It was alleged that the deal involved about 100,000
barrels of crude per day. However, evidence has since shown, like before,
that the allegations is only a figment of the imagination of OPEC's enemies.
There was no such deal. Perhaps, there has been no better clarification of
this issue than the one given by Nigeria's minister of petroleum and energy,
Professor Tam David-West. In a release issued to OPEC ministers, he stated
that the allegation was baseless. Nigeria, he said, remains committed to
the solidarity of OPEC. As other OPEC members can testify, Nigeria has been
(?remarkably) loyal and disciplined in the organization. This is evident

in the fact that despite the country's economic difficulties, Nigeria has
never done anything to restrain the course of the process of market regulation.

cso: 3400/812
44


JPRS*SSA~85+080
2 September 1985

SYNFUEL PLANTS--New synthetic fuel plants are unlikely to be based on agri-
cultural products, such as sugar cane or sunflower. The White Paper on
South Africa's energy policy released by the Department of Mineral and
Energy Affairs says production of synthetic fuels from biomass~-any material
of biological origin--should not be considered except in a crisis. This
policy stance has been taken because of the high cost, SA's erratic weather
and the potential shortfall in food production. State assistance for a
biomass fuel project is unlikely to be forthcoming and the White Paper says
financial aid seems essential for most of the proposed synthetic-fuel
projects. Several schemes have been proposed by the private sector, but have
been suspended because the government has not set out what assistance it

is prepared to give. The White Paper indicates that the government should
make up its mind this year. "Evaluation of the various synthetic fuels
project proposals should be completed during 1985 so that a decision can be
taken in good time on the scheduling of projects to make it possible to reach
the level of self-sufficiency aimed at by 1990." A key policy is to change
the petrol-to-diesel demand ratio more in favour of petrol. The government
proposes to do this by the imposition of levies and duties on petrol and
diesel in proportion to the energy value of the products and by gradually
abolishing the selective rebates on diesel. [Text] [Johannesburg

SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 11]

SLABBERT QUESTIONS—--There would be a grim future for free enterprise and
reform in South Africa if the government could not answer "yes" to three
questions put by young Blacks, the leader of the Opposition,

Dr Van Zyl Slabbert, said yesterday. Speaking at a meeting of the Diamond
Club in Johannesburg, Dr Slabbert said much had been said recently about
the government's commitment to free enterprise and reform. However, the
government should be able to answer "yes" to a young Black man asking three
question: Can I get out of the township I was born in and live wherever
my own ingenuity and talent enable me to live? Can I move as freely as
anyone else in the land of my birth to find work? and: Am I in the same
position as any other South African to call to account the government

that takes decisions that affect my daily life? If there were negative
answers to these questions, then "the future of free enterprise and reform
is very grim indeed in South Africa."--SAPA [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN
in English 8 Aug 85 p 13]

OLD COUNCILS FOR NEW--Cape Town--Divisional Councils, as they are presently
constituted, may be scrapped when the new Regional Services Councils come
into operation, the Administrator of the Cape, Mr Gene Louw, told the
Congress of the Association of Division Councils this week. Opening their
70th annual congress in Cape Town, Mr Louw said this would probably be the
last Divisional Council congress of its kind. It was still uncertain how
rural areas would be represented under the new system or when it would come
into operation.--SAPA [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

8 Aug 85 p 12]

113



The statements made on 3 April by President Abdou Diouf about producer price
increases were aimed as usual at concealing the extent of the increases for
basic necessities, and at the same time announcing the new antisocial measures
that are to follow in the spirit of the so-called new agricultural policy and
the program of structural adjustment.

In face of the dramatic situation in the country, the question urgently arises
of the patriotic opposition creating a credible alternative. The Central
Committee, having reviewed all the uniting initiatives taken during the
period, expresses satisfaction at the joint meeting of the opposition parties
held at Guediawaye, the press conference on the demolitions, and the united
statements signed by nine opposition parties regarding the demolition of
houses, on the one hand, and 1 May, on the other.

The 19th session of the Central Committee expresses the party's total
commitment to strengthening the unitary initiatives, toward total isolation of
the Abdou Diouf government and the UPS-PS regime, and toward the future of a
genuine alternative in conformance with the legitimate expectations of the
Senegalese people.

Expressing appreciation for the activities of the Central Committee
departments and the various structures of the party, the 19th session
addresses its congratulations to the structures and population of the 22
localities visited by the Political Bureau in the regions of Casamance,
Senegal Oriental and Sine Saloum during the past 3-month period. The Central
Committee notes with satisfaction the increase in the party's audience in
these localities, the growing awareness among the rural population, and the
appropriate solutions recommended by the farmers.

Taking into account the requirements of the current economic, social and
political situation, the 19th session of the Central Committee recommends
stepping up of agitation and propaganda work, and continuation of the efforts
to strengthen the organization of labor at the level of the various party
structures.

The Central Committee calls on the structures to place emphasis on the work of
leading the laboring class and poor farmers, keeping closer watch on followup
and execution of tasks, and strengthening the vigilance of members and their
spirit of self-denial and sacrifice for completion of construction of the
avant-garde party of the working class, the poor farmers and the other working
masses, the essential condition for success of the national democratic
revolution transition to socialism. The Central Committee encourages the
Democratic Movement of Women in pursuit of its efforts based on the
conclusions of the national seminar on organization of women, and the
Democratic Movement of Youth in its important activities in preparation for
the planned 12th world festival of youth and students in Moscow and active
participation in celebration of International Youth Year.

4g



spRgeSSA°85~080
2 September 1985

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

ARRESTS FOR BAN VIOLATION--The former chairman of the Federal Public Service
Commission, Alhaji (Sule Katagum), and the editor of the NEW NIGERIAN news-
paper, Mr Bukar Zarma, are being interrogated by security agents. This is
in connection with a statement made by Alhaji (Sule.Katagum) and published
by the newspaper which is considered to be a contravention of the recent ban
placed on ‘political statements by the Federal Military Government. The two
men were arrested 4 days ago. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English
1800 GMT 7 Aug 85 AB]

VANGUARD COMMENTS ON NEIGHBORS' HOSTILITY--The VANGUARD is not happy with
recent hostility against Nigeria by some African countries. It refers to two
incidents in Addis Ababa and Abidjan during which Nigerian footballers were
assaulted. The paper says the incidents have aroused big fears in the mind
of most Nigerians. The VANGUARD attributes their hostility to the low level
of relationship between Nigeria and other African countries at nongovern-
mental levels. The paper: says Nigeria should expect more of such hostili-
ties in future as she spreads her-influence in the continent. [Text]

[Lagos International Service in English 0830 GMT 7 Aug 85 AB]

‘AID TO ILLEGAL ENTRY' WARNING--The minister of internal affairs, Major
General Mohanimed Magoro, has warned that any: immigration official who con-
nived with any alien to enter the country illegally would be treated as an
economic saboteur. In a message to graduates at the 11th passing out cere-
money of senior immigration officers in Kano today, Gen Magoro said that such
an officer must face the full penalty of the appropriate law. He explained
that every illegal alien constituted a drain on the social and economic re-
sources of the country. The minister told the 140 graduates that the Federal
Government was mindful of the various problems facing the Immigration Depart—
ment. To this end, a board is being set up to look after career prospects
within the department to ensure immediate reward for loyal and dedicated
officers. He said that any member of staff that failed to perform in spite
of government efforts and huge investments in training would be disciplined.
[Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 8 Aug 85 AB]

45



to have left the township the previous day. I was also shown two burnt-out
shops. Spokesmen said one belonged to a former council member and was
“burnt by the people."

I was taken to the house of the Rev Timothy Soloshe, 79-year-old minister of
the Presbyterian Church, who was taken to the police station and questioned
earlier last week after allowing DAARA to use the church hall for a meeting.

"They were rude and pushed me around, They told me the aim of my church was
to destroy the people of De Aar. They said it was not a church of God but
a church of the devil.

"I told them, since the church was made by people of this country, I have the
right to give it to them to use for meetings."

They also pointed out a nearby house where the woman had been killed two
nights earlier. Dried blood marked the wall and stoep. Youths said town-
ship people believed she had been an informer.

They scattered as police approached and inspected my press card. I was
allowed to remain but told my presence in the township would be investigated
further.

I was also taken to a house in "Malay Camp," a squalid, mixed squatter township
strung out next to the steam locomotive graveyard, to see Mrs Beauty Tantsi, 30,
who has lost her left eye. Her grandmother, 71-year-old Mrs Ida Tantsi, has a
neck wound. It was claimed they were shot on 9 July and. that Mrs Tantsi's
eight-year-old daughter Wendy was shot in the buttocks.

Mrs Tantsi’s eye was youth. They are very
removed in: the Kimber- frustrated. It ts not done
ley hospital. When she by organizations or on
went to the police to file behalf of organizations,
a complaint after her dis- “DAARA sent a dele-
charge, she was locked gation to the authorities,
up and charged with pub- ut it was turned away.
lic violence. Her grand- Executive members have
mother and 13-year-old been detained. We are
daugther Zolizwe were denied access to our own
held and have appeared public halls. That ts why
in court. Wendy was re- DAARA Is making use of
leased after questioning, church halls. The

A prominent commun- ; churches are not police
ity spokesman said later: » property,

“I cannot understand the ‘ “But our greatest con-

suppression of commun- cern now fs violence by

ity protest, {hs police. Heorle are
losin,

‘Raw deal’ pollee. " hin the

“Blacks are getting a “We can't be under
raw deal here. Problems police rule here. This is
In the township are en- not a police state. We
demic, But the authori sleep and we are not
tes are rejecting all asleep,
lines of communication. “We are in a state of

“The violence is being emergency.”

committed by certain
elements among the

CsO: 3400/886
74


The Government and private :
sector are working towards gener-

« ating jobs for all South Africans,
| among many other things, to

ease the desparate economic
straits on blacks, |" *-
If the Government is to engage

* in what is termed an “open agen- -

da” ‘series of dialogues with
blacks so as to ease some of the
more frustrating discriminatory
laws, then it has to convince vot-
ers in towns like Pietersburg that
the country’s future must be
placed before their sectional po- |
litical interests,

CSO: 3400/884

84


Mr Katjiuongua hoped *

that an Ombudsman would
soon be established as en-
visaged under the Bill of

Fundamental Rights of the '
Multiparty — Conference, :

and he would be able to in-
vestigate such complaints.

Mr Mudge rejoined the
debate and said he wanted
to emphasise atrocities
committed by the Security

Force should be strongly

condemned.

But he believed there
should be balance iri dis-
cussion of the force, and
understanding should be
shown for their difficult
task.

Members of the force
“are fighting and some are
dying to ensure our
safety.”

Mr Mudge said he was a

i
!

little surprised that his two *

colleagues (Mr Shipanga ‘

and Mr Katjiuongua) had
seemed agitated and ir-

ritated when he called for a -

little more balance in dis-
cussion of the Security
Force.

The whole Cabinet was
responsible for. Defence
and he was not used to a
Minister criticising a
department for which he
was responsible,

CSO: 3400/892

39



Moreover, speaking of the relations which exist between the
Zairians and Chinese at the Mama Mobutu hospital, the head of
the Chinese medical mission, Dr. Zuo Zhulin, stated that Chinese
and Zairian doctors should collaborate more closely in order to
serve their friends, the people of Zaire.

Finally, the six Chinese doctors who are leaving the equator
next September will be immediately replaced by 6 others who are

coming to join five Chinese doctors whose term in Mbandaka con-
tinues.

9824
CSO: 3419/456

125



AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY USED FOR MARKET RESEARCH

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 7

[Article by Kerry Clarke]

[Text]

cso:

‘ claims the sysi
“fy micro and macro demo-

GOOD marketing managers
can keep informed about
their markets by keepin,
their ears to the ground, bul
to keep up with competitors
they fright have to. employ an
eye in the sky as well.
A Pretoria company, Alan
ites Mar-

> Lindner & Associ
keting Grou has formulated ©

a method of market research
using aerial photgraphs. It
vem can identi-

graphic patterns not easily
lef

termined by field research. *

Computers

Managing director Alan
Lindner says the aerial pho-
tograph allows the marketer
to see the marketing environ-
ment in colour, using tran-
sparencies, map overlays or
computers which can pro-
duce digitised maps when
synchronised with a stereo-

scope or scanner.

He’ says aerial photo-
graphy is used for eco! logical
research — counting game,
for instance — and the princl-
ple could be extended to in-
creasing knowledge on urban
demographics.

It could give clues on the

best areas to drop pamphlets,
to target stvertong through

* knock-and-drops, increase

3400/872

109

the reach of direct-mail cam-
igns as well as determin-
ig traffic patterns at region-
al shopping centres,

“The income group of a
suburb could be easily deter.
mined by analysing ‘ing
densities and home improve-
ments, such as swimming
pools and tennis courts.”

Military

The photographs will be
used to compile address lists
as well as for targeting mar-
ket density. The lists will be
of use to direct-marketing
firms.

Mr Lindner, a former mili-
tary intelligence officer, has

empl a former militat
Ce ersten a

He says: “Military plan-
terial photograpy to lent
aerial raphy to identi-
fy objectives whieh is in ef-

fect | segmentation of the
imarket,’

JPRS*SSA%85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



These three share the same location with the Command and Staff
School on the campus of the Kinshasa Higher Military Center.

The Belgian officers and noncommissioned officers of the Mili-
tary Technical Program are in charge of the various instruction
and training departments in the different schools.

At the moment, 23 cooperating staff members teach at the Officer
Training School, and 11 at the Higher Military Center.

The number of students graduating from the Officer Training
School totals approximately 200, and that from the Command and
Staff School over the last few years between 60 and 80 pupils.

The focal point of military training is located in Kananga in
the Officer Training School where basic training for noncommis-
sioned officers is carried on. Recruitment of these officers is
organized in such a way as to allow for two categories of stu-
dents: noncommissioned officers, and civilians who have com-
pleted their studies at secondary level.

Kananga Camp is dominated by the Nganza plateau.

The site was chosen at the end of the 1940's for the Central
School, and was progressively modernized by the addition of new
quarters, and in 1957 in particular by the construction of an
orphans’ school.

This school, the equivalent of the metropolitan cadets’ school,
provided a program of secondary studies to prepare the children
of Congolese military personnel for an officer's career.

At the moment, the complex includes basically three camps: the
Officer Training School (EFO)' camp, the Administration and Radio
Transmitting Schools camp, and a battalion camp.

In addition, there are several housing areas for military fami-
lies. For size and layout, it can be compared to the Camp Eisen-
born installations. °

The Officer Training School inherited installations from the
Orphans' School, completed by the construction of a few blocks
of classrooms and housing quarters. Under normal circumstances,
the complex is designed to accommodate 300 students.

The Central School installations are occupied by the Radio
Transmitting School and the Administrative Services School.

The battalion camp is presently unoccupied.


attentively to their president general who gave them much
advice, insisting on discipline and esprit de corps.

He then presented to them their commander, Captain Lango Tokpwi,

who will be assisted by Lieutenant Ayurambi and Second Lieute-
nant Gwato. The German instructors are expected to arrive soon.

9824
CSO: 3419/456

123



JPRS-SSA-85-~-080

2 September 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
BURKINA

Another Dissident Wants To Return Home
(PANA, 7 Aug 85).ccececsccccccccccccccascecccscionccscanes

Briefs
Soviet Film Materials

CAPE VERDE

Briefs
Fretilin Representation

CHAD

Regional Administrative Changes Announced
CINFO-TCHAD, 1 Jul 85).scsccsesccccccscscecccccccccscscere

UNIR Celebrates First Anniversary, Assesses Progress
CINFO-TCHAD, 21 Jul 85).ssceeccccccccecssecccccccecscscere

Youth Organization Joins in Anniversary Cultural Finale
CINFO-TCHAD, 24 Jun 85).cscecscccccccccevecscccccccccccers

Joint Commission With CAR on Livestock Migration, Other Issues
CINFO-TCHAD, 3 Jul 85).cscesecroccceccsccrcscccscccccceocs

First Militia Training Course Inaugurated
CINFO-TCHAD, 26 Jun 85).cececesccccccccccerecccececscccecs

Nguely Bridge Construction Almost Complete, Facing Problems
CINFO-TCHAD, 15 Jun 85).csceccccccccccceccencescscccecerss

a

13

14

15


PREMIER METAL-GRADTEK MERGER REPORTED

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 4 Aug 85 p 4

[Text]

cso:

THE R60-million Premier
Metal construction equipment
and materials handling com-
pany and the R25-million
Gradtek construction equip-
ment company have merged
to form Premier Equipment
company.

The move will have a sig-
nificant impact on their indus-
try, which is currently worth
between R450 million and

R500 million a year, down ©

about 25 percent on normal
levels. .

In a joint announcement
Messina Ltd and Delta SA
(Pty) Ltd say the merger is a
logical result of the merger
earlier this year of the com-
panies’ overseas principals,
Volvo BM and Clark Michigan
Euclid, to form VME Con-

struction Group NV in the :

Netherlands.

The new Premier Equip-
ment company will be the ex-
clusive distributor in South
Africa and South West Africa

of Volvo BM, Clark Michigan .

and Euclid products, as well

as Hitachi, Coles, Grove and ,

Ford construction products
and Clark forklift trucks.

Controlling shareholder of
the new company will be Mes-
sina Ltd, recently taken over
by the Sanlam group, which
holds a 50,5-percent interest
in Messina through Sankorp.
Delta SA will remain a sub-
stantial minority shareholder.

The board of the new com-
pany will include Mr Tony
Buchan, who is also an‘execu-

3400/872

102

‘tive director of Messina, as!
executive chairman; Mr Peter!
Law, currently. general man-.
ager and an executive direc-'
tor of Premier Metal, as man-
aging director; Mr Paul
Smits, chief executive of
. Delta SA and chairman of
Gradtek; and Mr Brian
Wright, a director of Gradtek. .

“The rationalé behind the’
merger is to combine the.
Strengths of Premier Metal
and Gradtek to provide
greater efficiency and im-|
proved customer service’
through cost rationalisation|
and increased financial}
strength,” says Mr Buchan.‘
“The good market positions
already enjoyed by Premier;

_ Metal and Gradtek will en-!
| Sure that the new company -
will emerge as a significant
force-in the South African
construction and materials
handlihg markets, and specifi-
cally strengthen its share of
»the front-end loader market.” ».

5 The: activities of the twot
been companies have been:

‘complementary. Clark/Euclid:
jhas been strong in the heavy-.
jduty type of front-end loader
sand in large mining and con-
«struction.trucks, while Volvo
+has sold the small to medium
range of front-end loaders and
jled the market in articulated
q trucks, q
le Clark forklifts will continue
sto be run as a separate ma-
{terials handling division with-
Un the new company. :

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


IJPRS*SSA=85-080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BUSINESS COMMUNITY URGED TO ACT AGAINST VIOLENCE

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 5 Aug 85 p 4

[Editorial]

[Text]

MEMBERS of the Mxenge family,
and we would believe the rest of us,
must be wondering where the evil
that stalks that family stems from,
and what they should do to cleanse
themselves of this incubus.

’ When Mrs Victoria Mxenge
swore she would find those who
killed her husband four years ago,
she did what. every person so af-
flicted would be expected to do.
More than that her husband’s bru-
tal death spurred her to carry on his
work as relentlessly as he did. If this

was a mistake, then it was honoura-

ble. For while we may be aghast at
the manner in which she and her
husband were dispatched, there is
no denying that they have now be-
come sainted martyrs of the struggle
for liberation. :

The manner in which they both
died brings back the horror and hat-
red that seems to have become part
of this country’s destiny.

Such impassioned acts of assassi-

nation are frightening and if any-

* thing, display the deep hatred in this
society. The hatred straddles the po-
litical divide from left to right, and
very soon we will not know who is
fighting who, or why.

4

62

Another disconcerting factor may
be the inevitable result of such slay-
ings. Because of the emergency
regulations on funerals many people
who would like to attend the fune-
rals of people like Mrs Mxenge, may
think twice. On the other hand, and
even more frightening, people may
decide to attend in defiance of the
law. This will lead to another spiral
of violence, more detentions, more

* deaths, perhaps.

The Government, well aware of

.the awkward position the state of

emergency has placed on its reform-
ist image, will have to answer a se-
ries of questions. How long are these
killings to be perpetrated unti! some
tough action from the state halts
them? Is this easier to effect when
the country has been placed under
martial law, partial as it is? Is it not
perhaps more likely that the anger is
being fuelled by the emergency and

. that the real problems that need ur-

gent attention are left till too late?

These are some of the questions
that have to be asked and answered
by the Government. It is not a very
easy task, made perhaps even more
difficult because those in power do
not know, or refuse to know where
the real source of the unrest lies.


the MPLA-Labor Party, to FRELIMO, and to the Angola and Mozambique governments
and peoples in their daily struggle for preservation, consolidation and
development of the gains of the revolution.

The Central Committee gives its total support to the African National Congress
(ANC) and SWAPO, the authentic representatives respectively of the peoples of
South Africa and Namibia, and launches an appeal to all the progressive forces
for redoubled support to the struggle of the peoples of southern Africa.

Reviewing the development of the national situation since the preceding
session, the Central Committee expresses its strong concern regarding the
increased misery of the country's workers and the severe crisis in the rural
area, harmful consequences of the neocolonial policy, increased by the
directives of the World Bank and the various lenders of the international
financial system.

President Abdou Diouf's recent visit to the United States was in the context
of continued antisocial measures under the structural adjustment program to be
applied over the coming 8 years. The country's economic and social situation
is in an explosive condition, marked by exacerbation of the internal
eontradictions within the regime, and the mounting anger of the masses under
the daily aggressions by the Abdou Diouf government, the inconsistency of the
Senegalese Progressive Union-Socialist Party (UPS-PS) coordination, the
attempts to settle accounts between deputies in the National Assembly, and the
erisis of the National Confederation of Senegalese Workers (CNTS), all
significant factors in the political and moral crisis of the UPS-PS regime.

In this connection, the holding of the 1 May celebration was marked by great
sullenness, reflecting the frustration of the working masses in regard to the
policy of "responsible participation" and the maneuvers of the racketeer trade
unionists. Also, we are more and more witnessing open condemnation of the
policy of high cost of living and privation conducted by the neocolonial
regime, a condemnation that should continue in order to achieve a massive
mobilization of the workers, farmers, laborers, students, women and youth.

In this context, the Central Committee supports the claims of all workers,
particularly the health workers, in the legitimate defense of their material
and moral interests.

The 19th session of the Central Committee also condemns the criminal acts of
the Abdou Diouf government in demolishing houses in various areas of Cap-Vert
region. These actions only confirm the more and more clear trend toward
fascism of the UPS-PS regime.

Concerning food for the gap between harvests and distribution of seed, the
Central Committee condemns the blackmail of farmers by certain subprefects and
rural advisers (Dahara, Sagatta) to force them to go back on their positions.
The Central committee warns the authorities and urges the farmers to redouble
vigilance in prospect of a resulting countermove against these PS practices at
all levels.

48


IJPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BIGGEST COAL CONSIGNMENT TO BE EXPORTED

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 26 Jul 85 p 4

[Article by Joel Jacobson]

[Text] East London harbour

cso:

workers began handling |

what is probably the
largest single coal ex-
port consignment to be
dealt with here,
yesterday.

This was confirmed by
‘harbour authorities who
said the 90-odd railwa

trucks, part of a 25

‘ton consignment, were~

‘on the quayside ready to
ibe loaded before the
) arrival of a bulk carrier,

the Alma.

At this stage it could

be established only that
the coal’s destination
was the “high seas.”
The port manager, Mr
Jannie Beukes, said
there had been an up-
ward trend in business
at East London and it
was expected to con-
tinue for a considerable
‘period.
He said the 25 000 tons
scheduled followed last
week's shipment of

10000 tons aboard the ©

Agioi Victores.

“With the 25000 tons

we could easily handle’

some 1300 tons every 12
hours by lifting the coal
directly from the rail
trucks onto the ship with
crane grabs.”

Mr Nel estimated it
would take about 10 days
to complete loading the
coal.

“There has not been so
much activity at the har-
bour for almost two
months. We expect five
ships to call today and
‘the trend to continue
well into next week,” he
said. :

Agents for the Alma.

said they expected the

with its cargo by August
“10,-but this depended on
circumstances.

While all indications

pointed to increased
port activity, officials

said they were sorry to

see the last copper nick-
el mattes being loaded

The terminal manager, ; aboard the Dacebank
Mr Kallie Royce fe : yesterday.
ad hea at the major
Mr Beukes said he had
pat of ‘the consignmen t heard the cargo would in

yesterday morning with
East London 4s its.des-
,tination.

He said harbour work-
ers had worked 24 hours
round the clock for
seven days loading the
10000 tons aboard the
Agio Victores. ‘

3400/883

future be exported
through Durban in con-
tainers.

97

ship to be ready to sail.,

He said, however, cop.
pe coming from neigh-
ouring countries would

_continue to be exported
‘through East London.

Also in port this week,
was one of the Safari
Service Lines, NYK’s
Wakamizu Maru, which
was loading copper for
the Far East.

Mr Beukes said he was
satisfied with the recent
trend and hoped a situa-
tion would reached
again when all berths in
the port would be occu- |
pied. .



"In my opinion, President Samora Machel has shown the greatest courage,
patriotism and pragmatism in his efforts to resolve the problems affecting the
Mozambican people and nation, from the political and military situation to ‘the
battle against hunger, drought and the other catastrophes which have plagued
the country. °

"On the other hand, President Machel has initiated a dialogue with the Western
countries which has benefitted Mozambique, but which, because it represents a
deviation from the earlier political line, has created difficulties for it in
its relations with the communist countries which formerly supported it.

"I therefore believe that those who defend the concepts of freedom and
democracy should unite their efforts in unequivocal’ support of President
Samora Machel's position, which symbolizes the will to’ openness and ‘dialogue,
and the efforts in this connection, the efforts should be recognized and
encouraged.

"Aiding his government, reestablishing order in the territory and creating the
conditions of peace which will make possible the economic and. social
development of the country are, it seems to me, steps in the right direction.

"As you will understand, it is not my intention to interfere with the
decisions which it is for the American Congress alone to make, and which I
respect. But as a friend of the United States and Mozambique, I believe it to
be my duty to contribute to a better mutual understanding of the respective
positions.

"This, and only this, motivates my ‘letter.
"With my best wishes and regards, Mario Soares."

This letter, which reflects the attitude of the majority of the Western
countries toward Mozambique, merits some comments, however, on that portion in
which Mario Soares refers to a "deviation from the previous political line" on
the part of Samora Machel.

Those who have been watching the foreign policy of the president of Mozambique
attentively since independence was won cannot fail to have noted that his
attitude today is a continuation and intensification, as eircumstances have
allowed, of the line initially established.

The slowness of the Portuguese government in understanding what is happening
in Mozambique has caused some difficulties in“their mutual relations.

Samora Machel's Nonalignment
In his message to the nation, Samora Machel said in connection with the

anniversary of the winning of independence that Mozambique is a socialist and
nonaligned country. ‘

22


JPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

LIBERIA

UNITY PARTY CHAIRMAN REPORTS ARREST OF PARTISAN
ABO72150 Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 2000 GMT 7 Aug 85

[Text] A partisan of the Unity Party [UP], (Marvel Davis), has been arrested
by security personnel in Monrovia for his alleged involvement in the recent
objection filed against the Liberia Unification Party, LUP, by (J. Wilson
Gee), who is also being detained following investigation by the Special Elec~
tions Commission [SECOM[. The chairman of the UP, Dr S.W. Kalloum, told
reporters in Monrovia today that the arrest of their partisan, (Marvel J.
Davis) was made known this morning by his wife, Cornelia Davis. Dr Kalloum
said in explanation, Mrs Davis had informed the UP that her husband was
handcuffed in her presence by security men following a thorough search by
them in the same compound with residents. Mrs Davis is quoted as saying
despite the thorough search nothing could be found by the security men.

She said prior to the arrest, two vehicles filled with security men had
arrived in their yard without bringing out her husband.

Dr Kalloum told reporters that when [word indistinct] to their residence,
Mrs Davis was not allowed to talk with her husband, neither was the husband
allowed to talk back to her. Mrs Davis told Dr Kalloum that the only thing
she heard the security men mention was [words indistinct].

Meanwhile, the UP says it is planning to meet with SECOM for the immediate
release of their partisans. Dr Kalloum told reporters that negotiations
will be made for the release of one of their partisans (Jones Ndee), who he
described as being detained for objection to the partisan list of the LUP
{Liberian Unification Party].

cso: 3400/789

18


MOTOR INDUSTRY INDEPENDENTS SCORE 'NEPOTISM'

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 30

[Article by Don Robertson]

[Text]

cso:

NOW that Anglo American controls Samcor
and Santam runs Nissan, competition In the
fleet area of the motor Industry appears to be
making way for tied business.

Independent motor manu- ui a
facturers are perturbed at encrtene i little evidence yet
what they claim ts growing Jam connections. But manag-
evidence of nepotism. ing director John Newbury

Middle management at says Nissan has been offered
Anglo has for some time been the opportunity to supply a
contined in the choice of com- tora Sanlane fleet! of
pany care to Mazdas, Mitsu- more than 40 000 vehicles.

i Tredias and Peugeots — Avis, which has Federale
the Amcar range. . Volksbeleggings and hence

Inthe bast two months, the * Sanlam as a parent, recently
range of Fords has been add- took delivery of Langleys
ed. Amcar was recently from Nissan. The company
merged with Ford to set up has placed large orders with;
Samcor. \ manufacturers with which it

. has no association.
Mine owner °

Figures from the National . —s
associton of Automobile Target

anufacturers 0:

When Sanlam took control
(Neamsa) show that Amcar of Nissan through its pur-
and Ford have 2 dipropetmar.| chase of a controlling inter-
ately Targe ir pate! est in Messina, chairman
ket in areas where thelr par-| Freq du Plessis sald Nissan
ent company holds evey. 4g would have tosell on merit to
tnlyenr oar had a 366% Sanlam and its associates.
this year the market in the Niasen says this Is still the
Free State elds wl But a Nissan spokesmat
Anglo owns five major i spol ne
mites, Amear's shate of the: eee Santam ig a major tar- :
national market of 10,2%.

Ford sales have also start. ieee nae
ed to benefit. In June, Ford! “We have to earn our sales to
had 248% of the mattered Anglo, although there i obvi

oldfields c 2
with Its national share of ausly a desire to support each
ewes
sole Hiscaris. Ford. beat
market leader Toyota by two 1
to one.
3400/872

101

Referring to Samcor’s
large share of the market in
the Goldfields, Mr Sterling
says the Mazda division was
shut out of it for some time.
But because of innovative
marketing, it has strength-
ened its position,

‘Mr Sterling, however, in-
sists that there has never
been an edict from Anglo for
produc athough’ he con
pro al con-
cedes that “we have an en-
tree at Anglo head office.” -



SWAPO-D, SWANU OPPOSE BUDGET

JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 24 Jul 85 pp 1, 5

POLITICAL REPORTER
IN A STRONG PROTEST against
Proclamation AG 8, Swanu and Swapo
D yesterday voted against the Budget

[Text]

_ allocation “Assistance to Authorities”

after the most heated debate in the
National Assembly so far. :-

The Budget Vote was |
approved but the debate
was marked by renewed
clashes between Cabinet
ministers, continuous inter-
jections. at one stage and
an uproar after a statement
by the Minister of Finance,
Mr Dirk Mudge: :
AG8~ was democratic
because each ethnic group
had its rights guaranteed.

But he wanted to know '
swhy it was that Owambos,
Hereros,.. Kavangos, and
other black groups were
each given their own
authorities when the dif-;
ferent white groups were
put together in one
authority.

“We would not like to
finance _ institutions  es-
tablished on the colonial
principle of divide and
rule,” Mr Ngaringombe
said. :
Mr Emil Appolus, Chief
Whip of Swapo D, said his
party wanted to register its
strongest objections to the
Budget Vote.

It meant “nothing more '
than the promotion of the”
Bantustan concept - of
apartheid as saiitified by’
Proclamation AG 8”
through the unequal dis-

tribution of funds.”

“We won’t participate in
future in a budget which
contains such glaring ine-
qualities of distribution,”
Mr Appolus said.

Mr Mudge joined the
debate and said neither the
Minister of —_ National
Health and Welfare, Mr
Moses Katjiuongua the
feader of Swanu, nor the
Minister of Mining Affairs,
Mr Andreas Shipanga the
sleader of Swapo D, had
spoken against this vote
during Cabinet meetings.
"Yet" now “in ~ public, |
speeches of the “Bantustan
type” were being made for

cheap propagarida © pur-

poses.

Both ministers had ac-:
cepted during talks in Cape
Town with the South
African Government that
constitutional affairs
should be referred to the
Constitutional Council,

Mr Katjiuongua: “Not
AG 8, that’s not true...”

Mr Mudge replied to the
interjection saying he could ,
read documents to prove it. :

30

“Read them ..” an irate:
Mr Katjiuongua said.

Mr Mudge said the;
[Members of the House had
to accept that the second
_,tier authorities would con- |
I tinue to exist until a new
j constitution for the
country was drafted.

He could not understand
how people had approved
certain things -in Cape
* Town but now said they

would not approve a
budget.

He quoted a passage
from a document which
said the MPC had agreed
that all constitutional mat-
ters should be referred to
the Constitutional Council.

Mr Katjiuongua_inter-,
jected heatedly: “It doesn’t;
say AG 8 specifically”.

Mr Mudge said the
Proclamation was a con-

' stitutional affair as it
provided a system of
government for the *

' country.

~ Mr Katjiuongua: “That
is an interpretation!”

Mr Mudge said angrily
he was tired of people say-
ing things behind closed
doors and then saying the

_ Opposite in public,

He caused a moment of
uproar when he said he.
was: against many things
contained in AG 8, but
was not prepared to!
change them in “the
African or revolutionary ;
manner”, a


JPRS“SSA%85*080
2 September 1985

,South Africans. The poll also shows that the higher the income, the greater
the approval. Support rises steadily from a low of 42 per cent for households
earning under R1,250 a month, to 70 per cent for those over R3,500. Reaction
to the abolition varies greatly from city to city. Most support comes from
Johannesburg (64 per cent), while the adjacent Beef/Vaal area only half as many
people (36 per cent) approve. In Cape metropolitan centres, 50 per cent.
support the change, followed by Durban (55 per cent), Bloemfontein (53 per
cent) and Pretoria 41 per cent). Approval is higher among men (56 per cent)
than among working women (50 per cent) with housewives trailing at 42 per cent.
[Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1328 GMT 5 Aug 85 MB]

FRANCE AID TO BLACK MAJORITY--Paris, 3 Aug (AFP)--France will step up its

aid to South Africa's voteless black majority, with cash for medical and
educational facilities, French aid Minister Christian Nucci announced here
Friday. Some 46,000 dollars would go to help build a clinic sponsored by
Winnie Mandela, wife of jailed black nationalist leader Nelson Mandela, at
her home town of Brandfort, and to buy medicine for makeshift hospitals in
the black city of Soweto, near Johannesburg. The same amount would be con-
tributed to help set up the first free black university, in Johannesburg and
Cape Town, along with financial help from the Ford Foundation and the Univers-
ity of Indiana, in the United States. The families of political prisoners
would get about 20,000 dollars, Mr Nucci said. Through the Paris Chamber of
Commerce, France would also help train blacks for management. A program of
medical and legal aid, technological and business training and cultural ex-
changes would be drafted soon to take effect from the beginning of next year,
he said. Last May, French Premier Laurent Fabius announced that France would
double to 300,000 dollars the value of scholarships it gave to South African
students. [Text] [Hong Kong AFP in English 0224 GMT 3 Aug 85 HK]

LONDON PAPER BOYCOTT CALLED OFF--London, 2 Aug, SAPA--The United Democratic
Front has called off its boycott of East London's DAILY DISPATCH newspaper
and withdrawn its demand for the resignation of the editor, Mr George Farr.
This follows the publication by the DISPATCH of a front-page "announcement."
It said: "The DAILY DISPATCH concedes that certain references and terms used
in some of its articles could have caused offence to a large section of its
readership. It further wishes to emphasise that although its editorial policy
was assumed in some quarters to be pro-apartheid, it has no such intentions.
The DAILY DISPATCH now restates its total opposition to a policy that is
abhorrent to all freedom-loving people, and reaffirms its intention to con-
tinue its proud tradition as an anti-apartheid newspaper, a tradition which
it has followed for the past 37 years. The DAILY DISPATCH recommits itself
to a policy of fairminded, objective reporting and to being a forum for
various schools of thought." It was reported at the time that the boycott
was prompted by an editorial in the DISPATCH in which Nelson Mandela was
termed a "criminal." Today the DISPATCH denied it had ever referred to
Nelson Mandela in an editorial as a criminal. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA

in English 1321 GMT 2 Aug 85 MB]

411



JPRS*SSA%85*080
2 September 1985

SENEGAL

SENEGALESE SATIRICAL MAGAZINE TO APPEAR WEEKLY
AB121400 Paris AFP in English 1216 GMT 12 Aug 85

[Text] Dakar, 12 Aug (AFP)--Asatirical magazine which has attacked such
revered figures as former President Leopold Sedar Senghor, and which pro-
claims its independence from all pressure groups either at home or abroad,
is surviving against the odds in the West African state of Senegal.

LE POLITICIEN’ (THE POLITICIAN), a paper modelled on France's successful
LE CANARD ENCHAINE, has now announced its intention to begin appearing
weekly, after eight years of somewhat more irregular publication.

Whereas its French cousin describes itself on its front page as a “satirical
weekly appearing on Wednesday," LE POLITICIEN for long bore the legend
“satirical weekly appearing unexpectedly."

The paper's founder-director, 45-year-old Mam Less Dia, proclaims anarchist
and utopian views, and denies being under the thumb of any political
interests whatsoever.

"One has to bear in mind that all state power is always based on mystification
and force," he told AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE in a recent interview.

A tall, husky-voiced figure given to wearing French-style berets and smoking
cigars, Mam Less Dia is a type of journalist who would have a hard time
surviving in many other African states.

However in Senegal, often cited as a rare example of multi-party democracy
in Africa, the paper has survived law-suits and chronic financial problems
since its creation in 1977.

Like LE CANARD ENCHAINE--and the nearest British equivalent, PRIVATE EYE--
LE POLITICIEN publishes a large number of satirical cartoons.

This was from the start a difficult proposition, because such cartoons go
against Senegalese traditions of respect for leaders and elders, Mr Dia said.

The paper's first issue, therefore, carried a cartoon designed to "hit right
at the top," he added.

54


robots capable of profiling or welding in’
three dimensions.

Construction and mining lasers are the
domain of Afgen, and spokesman John An-
derson says their systems can be used any-
where an absolutely straight line is needed.

With rotating lasers it is possible to create
not only a straight line but entire planes
along which construction can take place
with science fiction-like accuracy.

A more down-to-earth use is levelling of a
site with bulldozers equipped with sensors
connected to the hydraulic system, which
means precise control of gradients.

This method is on its way to revolutionis-
ing the construction of such things as run-
ways and sportsfields, where correct levels
are critical.

Says Anderson: “We sell lasers because
they are cost-effective, save time, and cut
down on labour.

“There is still a lot of resistance, but once
a customer has used a laser and seen what it
can do, they don’t want to be without it.”

Protea Electro Medical Services sell la-
sers for surgical use, but specialise in non-
laser medical products.

Says spokesman Lee Edwards: “It was a
Jong education process, but it is beginning to
take off now.

“Most doctors are aware of what is avail-
able, but you still have to prove to them what
lasers can do.”

Most commonly used in SA is the CO?
laser, described as working “like a hot scal-

1”. Others are the YAG (Ytrium Alumin-

um Garnet), helium neon (HN), and argon
sources,

“T predict it will be a big market,” says

, Edwards, “lasers will never replace the scal-
pel, but new fields of usage are opening up
every day.”

cso: 3400/872

108


[Article by Riaan de Villiers]

[Text] UNTIL now, the Karoo

town of De Aar has been
best known as a major
railway junction.

But as the gutted de-
velopment board com-
plex at the entrance to
Nonzwakazi testifies, it
has also become a grim
battleground in the clash
between black political
Protest and the State.

The hoard offices were
attacked for the first
time last month. Last
Monday night, the entire
complex was gutted.

Blackened filing cabi-
nets were standing in the
open as workers began
replacing the roof of the
board’s office building
late last week.

A separate three-
roomed community
council building — com-
plete with a council
chamber fitted with yel-
lowwood furniture —
was a charred shell.

Board officials were
operating from a garage
on the premises.

The community coun-
cil became a “village
council” in March and
met until June. It 1s now
defunct. All its members
have resigned, and some
have left the township.
Black policeman have
been evacuated. Com-
munity spokesman
claimed the council was
“finished”, Some coun-
elllors who had agreed to

DE AAR--BATTLEGROUND OF BLACK PROTEST

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 26 Jul 85 p 11

co-operate with ‘the
people were staying, bu
others had left.

Since unrest started in
April, two township
houses have been burnt
down and others da-
maged. Two shops in the
township were also
burnt down last month,

On Sunday June 16, 71
people, mostly youths,
were arrested after a de-
monstration. They have
since appeared on
charges of public vio-
lence and ‘arson. Sixty
have been released on
bail.
On the same day, a
man, Mr Boyt Mantyl,
was shot dead and others
were wounded,

Since then, 17 more
People have appeared in
court. Twelve were still
being held last week.

The attack on the
board complex was not
the only violence last
week. The next night, a
woman was hacked to
death in the township
and her body set alight.
The house of a commun-
ity leader ‘was mysteri-
ously firebombed.

The high school was
being boycotted and a
boycott of “white” busi-
nesses was in progress.

De Aar was swarming
with police. There were
policemen in the streets
and vehicles incessantly
patrolled the town and
drove to and from the
township.

72

JPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

The authorities were

| advising all whites not to

enter the township, I was

eventually given permis-

sion to do so on my own
cognizance,

Community represen-
tatives also advised me
not to enter the township
alone,

I was eventually met in
town after dark by four
youths who inspected my
press card and drove me
Into the township along
tracks In the veld.

Community figures
and residents filed fur-
tively into a house.

The township carried
an aura of latent vio-
lence. People seemed to
be in constant fear of the
police, They spoke in low
voices and tensed up
when noises were heard
outside or a vehicle
drove past.

Books burnt

A student leader said
the high school had been
closed several times in
the second term and an-
other boycott had started
two weeks ago. Students
had been told demands
would be met when the
school reopened for the
third term, but only one,
-had been met — the res-
ignation of the principal,

“Some students are
still locked up. Students
; how say they cannot at-
| tend when the others are
" not there,” he added. The

hooks of a few students


"They cannot ask me to cut off relations with the Soviet Union in order to be
a friend of the West," Samora Machel has repeatedly said.

This open way of stating problems sometimes has brought vexation to the
Mozambican leader, an African by origin and fiercely independent. But he
pursues his path, a kind of illuminato, conscious of an overriding mission
which he does not abandon even during his leisure hours.

The dialogue with Melvin Laird, former U.S. secretary of defense and a leading
personality in the Republican Party, is very indicative of his independence
and nonalignment. This talk occurred when, early in the first half of May of
this year, Laird came to Mozambique at the head of a delegation of U.S.
businessmen.

When he met with Melvin Laird, Samora Machel, direct as always, said more or
less the following.

"Before we begin our talk, I must ask you two questions, as our dialogue will
depend on the answers. The first is this: Do you believe that I am an agent
of the Soviet Union?"

Melvin Laird answered promptly. "If I thought so, I would not be here."
"Now the second question. Do you believe that I could be an American agent?"

Melvin Laird seemed to be giving this thought, but, without giving him time to
answer, Samora Machel added: "I will tell you. I am not nor could I be an
American agent, because if I were, you would not have come to me. You would
have sent a representative or telephoned your orders. You have come because I
am a Mozambican. We are fighting to be independent and sovereign, and to
decide for ourselves what we want." Samora Machel went on to say that "the
Americans must have already realized that the decisions of this country are
made in Mozambique and that Mozambique is an independent state which wants to
establish relations with other states on an equal basis, an antiracist country
like the United States."

A Celebration With Tears

This was a celebration with tears. Samora Machel was to say in his speech
that Mozambique is still unable to experience the joys of independence fully
because war has been a constant in these past 10 years. First it was
Rhodesia, and now it is the members of the RENAMO, described in Mozambique as
the "armed bandits," because of their characteristic means of action. They
kill defenseless civilians, sometimes in barbarous ways; they kidnap
individuals, particularly white men, and in particular Portuguese citizens;
and they steal the possessions of the people. They hide in the deep bush and
emerge in gangs in the early morning hours or at nightfall to commit their
deadly and terrifying attacks.

During the week of 25 June and a few days earlier, the RENAMO attacked more
violently.

24


JPRS*SSA%85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

CONDITIONS OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN COLESBERG TOWNSHIPS

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 27 Jul 85 pill

[Text ]

THE sleepy sheep-farming town of Colesberg has
1100 white inhabitants, Its “location” appears to be
no more than a handful of tumble-down brick shan-
ties at the bottom end of town.

Stretching up a ravine and hidden from sight are
three townships housing no less than 13 000 people,
Almost half are unemployed,

The townships were the scene of a week of brutal
violence early this month. .

On Tuesday, July 2, youths barricaded the en-
trance to one of the townships with car wrecks,
burning tyres and toilet buckets, They were dis-
persed with teargas and rubber bullets. i

Several people killed

The next day, youths burnt a ‘black policeman’s
car. Later that evening, several people were killed
in a shooting incident. Two days later, police arrest-
ed 79 people — mostly youths — on charges of public
violence,

The townships were seething when I visited them
last week. At the entrance, the ground was black-
ened from burning barricades. - no

Higher up, in the “Old Location” and “New Loca-
tion”, trenches had been dug and boulders rolled
into the streets to keep police out.

Groups of youths stood on corners. Some picked
up stones and shouted abuse as I passed by.

In the Bongweni township, shocked residents and
prominent community figures gave their account of
recent events in the township, including the shoot-
ing of five people.

Doors kicked in

They said they had stood and watched on Wednes-
day, July 3, as police hunted children in the hills
surrounding the township, firing teargas and bird-
shot. Police had searched houses and kicked in
doors. The township had been blanketed in teargas.

cso: 3400/886

90

They claimed many youths had’ fléd from the
township and were in hiding.

They also claimed wounded people were hidingin
the township as they were afraid to go to hospital.

“People are scared of the police all the time. They
come every night. We are living’ in terror,” one
resident said.

Another said: “It is very bad. In the evenings,
everything is in fright. We sleep in fright.”
" Children were not attending school as they were

. Scared of being arrested.

Certain shops were being boycotted as their own-
ers had “helped the police to shoot the children”.

The community leaders accused police of provok-
ing violence. “If they had left the children alone,
nothing would have happened,” one said.

Average wage R25 a month

Conditions in the township were “very bad”.
Rents ranged from R20 to R30, while the average
wage for domestic work was R25 a month,

They said there was no formal organization oper-
ating in the towns, Some time ago youths had gone to
the development board office to “ask permission” to
form one, the Colesberg Youth Organization.

They had been sent to the magistrate’s office. The
magistrate had “promised to come to the township,
but never came”, they said.

@ According to a police report, a. gathering of
about 250 people was dispersed with teargas, bird-
shot and rubber bullets on Moriday this week, Thir-
teen people, including 11 youths, were arrested.


CHARI-BAGUIRMI PREFECTURE (CONT.)

Subprefect for Bousso

Assistant subprefect for Bousso

Subprefect for Bokoro

Assistant subprefect for Bokoro
Assistant subprefect for Massakory

Chief of P.A. for Ngama

Chief of P.A. for Massaguet

Subprefect for Massenya
Subprefect for Massakory

Prefect
Subprefect for Bitkine

Assistant subprefect for Bitkine

Subprefect for Mangalme

Assistant subprefect for Mangalme
Assistant subprefect for Melfi

Prefect
Subprefect for Moussoro

Assistant subprefect for Mao
Chief of P.A. for Michemire
Chief of P.A. for Rig-Rig

Chief of P.A. for Sallal
Subprefect for Nokou

Prefect
Subprefect for Bol
Chief of P.A. for Liwa

Chief of P.A. for Doum Doum

GUERA PREFECTURE

KANEM PREFECTURE

LAC PREFECTURE

Daba Mandebele

Mallaye Quadjiri
Nadjingar Ngoursam
Senoussi Adoum Salamat
Behoudou Benouga
Ousmane Bolombo
Abdallah Gagayon

Tao Keda

Abdoulaye Maina

Daoud Kinefour
Dillo Adoum

Brahim Doungous
Gaby Mahamat
Mahamiat Moussa Adoum
Idriss Abaya

Mamadou Affono
Hassaballah Gorou
Tehere Koko

Issa Malimi
Soukaya Loukami
Djiddi Mahamat Mi

Ali Nour Guedemi

Mahamat Brahimi
Ngarsedjine Tatola
Banguidita Sangane Eli
Elefi Tchougoui

LOGONE OCCIDENTAL PREFECTURE

Prefect
Assistant to the prefect

Subprefect for rural Moundou

Subprefect for Beinamar

Assistant subprefect for Beinamar
Assitant subprefect for Benoye

Miangar Doubre
Abdoulaye Niakounia
Mahamat Houtoin
El Hadj Hemchi
Moussa Gueminan Rene
Adoum Abderam Abakar

LOGONE ORIENTAL PREFECTURE

Prefect for Doba
Subprefect for Doba

Assistant subprefect for Doba

Ngar-Adoumri Paul
Djimadoumngar Jean
2d Lt Ngarkada Kaya



who had attended school
were burnt a few days be-
fore.

Residents displayed
the constitution of a new
community organization,
the De Aar African Resi-
dents’ Association
(DAARA), formed last
month. Police had re-
fused permission for
meetings.

A Rroup of women sald
they had formed a branch
of the Detainees’ Parents
Support Committee to try
to help people in prison.

People made a number
of allegations about
police conduct and
claimed police were pro-

voking violence. They .

spoke of “going to San-
Jam” — a colloquial term
for interrogation by se-

curity police — and of an -

“A-team"” operating In
the township.

“We have appealed to
the police to stay out of
the township completely.
We can solve our own
problems. Then there

will be peace,” one said. -

A youth said his 13-
pearald brother had
een shot in the stomach
two weeks before. He

sald he had “just been

Makaula, president of
the Cradock Residents’
Assoctation, the pre-
vious weekend for assis-
tance.

They were accompa-
nied by Mr Makaula as
well as Mr Matthew Gon-
iwe and Mr Sparrow
Mkhonto — nine days be-
fore they were mur-
dered. The party was fol-
lowed by security police.

At a meeting In the
township, a number of
sworn statements were
taken from residents
which contain allega-
tions about police con-
duct. They are to be sub-
mitted to the police for
comment.

No goods were being
bought in town. The boy-
cott was aimed at de-
manding a government
investigation Into the
Goniwe murders and rec-
ognition of DAARA,

Later, youths ran In
with a warning that the
police were in the town-
ship,

I was taken to the
home of a former
councillor who re-

signed in March after
being detained for

two weeks under the
Internal Security Act
and is still a promi-
nent figure in the
community. Two petrol
bombs had been thrown
at his house two nights
before. Community
spokesmen claimed it had
not been done by town—
ship people.

The next day, a DAARA
member accompanied me
around the township.
Remains of barricades
littered the streets.
The township seemed
tense and unnaturally
quiet.

marching In the strect”,
They claimed some
wounded people were
being treated in the
township, because they
were being arrested
when taken to hospitals.
On June 18, Mrs Di.
Bishop, PFP MPC for
Gardens, her husband
Brian and Mrs Molly
Blackburn, PFP MPC For
Walmer, visited De Aar
to record allegations by
residents about police
action, after a group of
residents had opi
proached Mr Monwabist

I was taken to view the
gutted houses of former
councillors. One was said

73



She would not confirm that he had done so because the Russians would not
grant him a visa.

It is believed his presence at the recent Cradock funeral of unrest victims--
where a huge Soviet flag, ANC flags and banners of the SA Communist Party were
openly displayed--was the last straw for some of his church colleagues.

Senior officials of the Mission Church--the coloured sister church of the
white Dutch Reformed Church--said this week that members of the church's
executive council had discussed Dr Boesak's controversial activities among
themselves.

At tomorrow's executive meeting, Dr Boesak's affairs will not be listed on
the agenda separately, but will be discussed under the agenda item dealing
with the unrest in South Africa.

Dr Boesak is expected to be present.

The church's moderator, the Rev Izak Mentor, confirmed that the executive
would meet tomorrow, but would not comment on Dr Boesak's activities.

Mr Mentor did say that he was alarmed at the presence of "anti-Christian"
flags and banners in Cradock while Christians officiated at such funerals.

He also said he did not believe apartheid was the only cause of the current
unrest.

"Tt is not that simple. There seems to be a strong Marxist influence in all
of this," he said.

Dr Dries Erwee, secretary of the church, said no concern about Dr Boesak,
funerals, or the unrest, ahd been expressed officially to him or his church
by representatives of other churches, but he had been approached privately.

Tomorrow's meeting follows this week's Media Council ruling that the Security
Branch was involved in exposing Dr Boesak's alleged love affair with Miss Di
Scott, as "unique".

He said yesterday that plans were going ahead for a consumer boycott of
white-owned shops.

He would not say in which areas it would be applied, adding: "We are talk-
ing about it."

cso: 3400/820



IJPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

BURKINA

ANOTHER DISSIDENT WANTS TO RETURN HOME
ABO71317 Dakar PANA in French 1144 CMT 7 Aug 85

[Text] Ouagadougou, 8 Aug (AIB/PANA)--Emile Kabore, a "dynamic militant" of
the National Union for the Defense of Democracy (UNDD)--one of the parties
dissolved in Burkina--who left Burkina following the advent of the demo-
cratic people's revolution without understanding anything about the contents
of this regime, arrived on Tuesday evening to enquire from President Thomas
Sankara whether he could return to his country without fear.

The Burkina president answered him that the struggling Burkina people were
awaiting his return without bitterness or blackmail. Emile Kabore, who told
the BURKINA NEWS AGENCY that he lived mainly in Ivory Coast, affirmed that
at the time of his departure he viewed the democratic people's revolution
with the eyes of an opponent. "T have now asked for permission to return
because I have confidence in the National Council of the Revolution (CNR)
(the ruling organ in Burkina since 4 August 1983)." Mr Kabore, who did not
fix the exact date of his return, however, indicated that he would return to
Burkina very soon.

Mr Macaire Quedraogo, another opponent and candidate of the UNDD in the 1978
presidential elections, was arrested on 31 July by the Ivorian security forces
as he was preparing to return to Burkina. Mr Ouedraogo--who took refuge
almost at the same time as Mr Emile Kabore--also remarked that the democratic
people's revolution was not what he thought and asked his family living in
Burkina to present a request to the CNR to allow him to return to his coun-
try. The CNR saw no inconvenience and he was to return to Ouagadougou on

31 July.

It is certain that this CNR policy of extending a hand to all Burkina citi-
zens willing to return to take part in nation building is well understood.

cso: 3400/841



RSA USE OF LASERS INCREASES

JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 6 Aug 85 p 9

{Article by Fred Stiglingh]

[Text]

ONCE the stuff of science fiction and ©

James Bond-style fantasy, lasers toda
are an essential Part of our high-tec
world and are finding increasing appli-
cation in South Africa.

In industry, the laser has made its pres-

ence felt in fields such as cutting, welding,
hole-boring, surface refinement, alloying
and mar! ng.
“Medical lasers can remove secondary
cataracts in as little as 15 minutes, combat
coronary heart disease and arteriosclerosis,
and are used in endoscopy, radiation treat-
ment and dermatology.

In construction and mining, areas where
straight lines are essential, lasers are liter-
ally a leading light, and the same goes for
trench digging and laying of pipelines.

+ Scientific uses include holographic stress
analysis and particle size analysis, teleme-
tering, surface roughness measurement, mi-
‘crochronometry, mass spectronomy, envi-
ronmental spectroscopy and process
control.

, Nasa used lasers and radio telescopes to
support the theory of continental drift by
beaming signals from a dozen countries to
‘an orbiting satellite.

Communication and information techno-
logy has seen the development of the com-
pect dise record player and laser video,

jolographic memories and displays, repro-
graphy, laser printers, and cash register ter-
sminals.

South Africa lags behind the rest of the
Western world in its use of lasers for reasons
swhich include a cheaper labour force, a
shortage of technically trained people, and a
dearth of education in the laser field.

But, according to Industrial Laser Sys-
tems’ sales director Richard Pawley, lasers
are “taking off”.

He describes his company as the largest
independent operation dealing purely in la-
sers, and says industrial lasers account for
70% of sales. .

107

Industrial Laser Systems is a division of a
company in the Trade and Industries Accep-
tance Corporation, and was started with the
backing of President Trading three years
ago.

“Unlike other local companies in this in-
dustry, our mainstream business is lasers,”
says Pawley.

We find it important to educate, because,
given that. the market knows and under-

” stands what it’s buying, and that those sell-
: ing know what they’re doing and provide the

right back-up, lasers will become more pop-
ular.”

He admits that, with systems costing be-
tween R250 000 and-Ri,5m it is difficult to
educate prospective clients, particularly
with widespread scepticism often caused by
fly-by-nights unable to provide back-up once
a system is sold.

“Now, however, there is more awareness
of what lasers can do, and people are begin-
ning to feel the laser is part of the shop floor:
it’s a technology you cannot avoid.”

The company represents 18 overseas prin-
cipals, the major one being Control Laser, an
American company based in the UK.

Apart from. industrial lasers (functions
such as cutting, welding, surface transfor-
mation and alloying and cladding), Indust:
al Lasers deal in systems for scientific (hol
graphic and particle size analysing),
measurement, and medical fields.

Available in their portfolio, but not in
demand here, are computer-controlled laser



In Graaff-Reinet, po-
lice say they will close
down shops whose oper-
ations contribute to a
boycott, which effecti-
vely means they can shut
down black shops if resi-
dents continue refusing
to buy at white stores.

Non-violent

Ironically black retail-
ers almost invariably
buy from white whole-
salers, but the effective-
ness of the boycott
weapon as a non-violent
form of pressure —
when most other forms
of protest are banned —
is becoming increasingly
clear.

Black Methodist
priest Mr Milton Mati-
wane said the boycott in
Port elizabeth, which
forced the white mayor
to call in the Minister of
Law and Order, Mr
Louis le Grange, to dis-
cuss the crisis, seemed
to be having a consider-"
able effect.

“Whites are beginning
to realise that we also
have a say,” he said.

“They can’t live with-
out us.” Sapa-Reuter.

cso: 3400/883

77



JPRS*SSA%85°080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

WOOL HERD, PRODUCTION DROPS

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 11

[Article by Ciaran Ryan]

Text SOUTH Africa lost about .
[Text] ie of al ep Earnings
s ween, 1982 an The SA Wool Board esti.
May this year because of mates that production will
drought. increase by only 1% in the
' Wool production in the sea- current season year be-
son from August this year cause of destocl SA
to May is ex to re- “produces about 4% of.
main virtually unchanged world demand for wool.
because of destocking. Wool exports earned R410-
The number of Merino sheep million in foreign curren-
has fallen from 20-million cy from wool exports last
+ to 16,1-million, season — 39% up on the
But prices for wool have previous season's R290-
; | never been better. Raw million. About 85% is ex-
wool fetched about 410c a ported.
kilogram and clean wool Mr. Gieselbach says: “We
760c in 1984-85— about have started a campaign
42% higher than in the to encourage wool produc-
1983-84 season, tion in the summer rain-
A spokesman for the Wool fall areas in all provinces.
rd, Johan Gieselbach, “It will take a few years be-
says: “Increased world de- fore we are able to in-
mand for finer wools and crease production as re-
the rand’s devaluation stocking is a long pro-
have increased demand a “
for our wool. But we are Farmers ‘can turn marginal
tunable to meet demand land to | azing ores
ause of low = thelr risk.
tion” Produe a need to Improve yields
roduced 98,2-million and Increase the amount
kilograms of wool in, the sheen given to wool
down on the previous fea" “Woo! is attractive at present .
son. Australia is expected because of the high prices
to produce about 720-mil- .
lion kilograms this season
— 17% higher than last sea-
son. New Zealand
duced about 390-million
kilograms of wool this
season.
cso: 3400/872

103



At 7.20 am on Friday Duvha
power station developed a
problem and one of its huge
600 MW generators went off-
line. By 7.36am another
500 MW were lost at Kriel
power station. The problems
effectively wiped out the safety
margin to which controllers try
to work: 1100 MW.

Hydro and other quick-start
stations around the country
were triggered to life to bring
the supply back to normal.

Then, about 8am, another
150 MW went out at the new
Tutuka power station. Twelve
minutes later Kriel had an-
other problem and lost a fur-
ther 250 MW.

Before 9am Tutuka advised
that more problems had deve-
loped and it had to shut down.
National control appealed to
the station to keep running
until after 9 am. It did.

At 10.40am 500 MW more
went down at Kriel. By then
the system was flat out and
Escom was using all its quick-
start reserve stations. Koeberg
was producing 900 MW.

Escom reached its 1984 peak
demand on June 15 when the
country needed 17 296 MW.

cso: 3400/872

88


IJPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

SOMALIA

BRIEFS

FUEL SALES HALTED-~According to reports from Somalia no public transportation
will receive fuel for an indefinite period. The so-called regime of Siad
Barre has stopped. the sale of fuel to all privately owned transportation,
except that in government use. This move arises from a lack of foreign ex-
change for buying fuel. As we have already been informed, the economic
situation in Somalia is chaotic. The shattered economy of Somalia has
placed the regime of Siad Barre in an embarrassing situation, forcing it to
lay off a large number of civil servants. Soldiers from various units on
many occasions have munitinied for not being paid. [Text] [ (Clandestine)
Radio Halgan in Somali to Somali 1700 GMT 7 Aug 85 EA]

cso: 3400/841

56


JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SENEGAL

COLLOQUIUM ON PALESTINIAN PEOPLE'S RIGHTS ENDS
AB081510 Dakar Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT 7 Aug 85

[Text] The African regional colloquium on the Palestinian people's rights
has just ended in Dakar. A 30-point declaration has been adopted. Serigne
Ndiaye, you were at the 3-day deliberations. Can you report on the closing
ceremony?

[Ndiaye] Support for the Palestinian cause has been strengthened after the
3-day consultations between the African Nongovernmental Organizations [ONG]
and the United Nations represented by the committee on the implementation of
the recommendations on the Palestinian people's inalienable rights. The
chairman. of the committee was not present at the meeting, but he was repre-
sented by Mr (Gauzi), another member of the committee who expressed satisfac—
tion that the cooperation between (?Africa) and the United Nations has just
been strengthened to the benefit of the Palestinian people. Before the
Dakar Declaration was read, a special motion was presented to President Abdou
Diouf, OAU chairman, and to the Senegalese people, who have been supporting
the struggle of the PLO and its people for a long time now.

Another motion of support and solidarity with PLO leader Yasir ‘Arafat, the
symbol of the legitimate struggle for the liberation of Palestine now under
occupation, was also adopted. In this connection, messages of solidarity
and gratitude to the UN secretary general were also adopted.

The declaration reaffirmed the international consensus which makes the PLO
the only representative of the Palestinian people. The conference also
elected by acclamation El Hadj Ousmane Sarr, a Senegalese national, as sec-
retary general of the interim coordinating committee of African ONG's. This
is his statement:

[Begin Sarr recording] I must confess that the new responsibility entrusted
to Senegal--that of secretary of the coordinating committee for the African
region--is an immense task; it is also an honor to our country, because
Senegal, as the minister of foreign affairs stated, has not only been the
first, but has also been constant in its unflagging support for the Pales-
tinian people in their just struggle. We are convinced that a new stage has
just been reached because the ONG's in Africa can play a major, and even a

52


JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

CHAD

FIRST MILITIA TRAINING COURSE INAUGURATED
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 26 Jun 85 p 1

[Text] Yesterday, 150 young militia members began a 3-month training course
at the National Police School in Ndjamena. The course was launched at a
ceremony attended, in addition to the instructors, by Issaka Hassan, the
director of national safety and the commissioner for security of the executive
bureau of the National Union for Independence and Revolution (UNIR) party.
During the next 3 months the young militia will be given the technical tools
needed to carry out their function. Discipline was the main theme of the
speeches yesterday.

Over the past 2 years the Revolutionary People's Militia [MPR] has become a
particularly useful body in maintaining security in the capital. Established
at the initiative of party members at the peak of the annexation campaign by
the Libyan occupation forces in 1983, the MPR was able to compensate for the
shortage of regular security forces. Since then, its reputation has only
spread, with representation in all districts of the capital. Also, several
provincial towns have added militia, since the Ndjamena militia proved so
effective. With the establishment of the UNIR, the MPR obvously became an
autonomous part of the national movement. The spirit of the MPR had something
to do with this attachment. Composed of volunteer members, the MPR can
rightfully boast of having made a significant contribution to establishing
security in the towns where it is stationed.

However, that was not enough. In this heterogeneous body without adequate
training it was necessary to instill team spirit and a sense of discipline,
and to strengthen its bases. It is in response to this concern that
yesterday's course was inaugurated, and the various speeches dealt mainly with
discipline, respect for the hierarchy, and the purposes of the security
forces. The UNIR commissioner for security, Issaka Hassan, particularly
stressed this point in his speech, saying that without strong discipline the
MPR could not play its role. He thus called on the militia members to work
hard at the course and to benefit to the maximum from the principles conveyed
by their instructors.

In turn, the assistant director of national safety, emphasized behavior of the
militia. He said: "By your behavior and actions you must establish a
relationship of confidence between the citizens and yourselves. You must not
terrorize the people whom you are assigned to defend," he added.

9920
CSO: 3419/477

14



IJPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

General Ibrahim Babangida conversely exudes the personality of an urbane and
likeable person. Soft speaking, gentleman looking yet firm and calculatingly
decisive. Extremely popular within the rank and file of the Nigerian Army,
Babangida has always been a myth amongst ordinary Nigerians. Basically he
is said to be an officer who cares about the problems and welfare of his
subordinates. Never in the past has he been known to exhibit ambition, and
for this reason most insiders are surprised at recent developments.

Sources disclose his disposition to some of the policy matters has earned
him Buhari's lashes. Furthermore, he has the disadvantage of being widely
seen as a man of considerable material means. It was explained to me that
his association and friendship over the years with wealthy businessmen has
tagged him as one of them in military uniform. Perhaps, said somebody, it is
more his popularity amongst a wider spectrum of the Nigerian populace which
could be ascribed as the reason for this misperception.

One thing, however is certain, his unblemished career earns him respect,
and he is the one soldier. who despite having been a figure to reckon with
in previous military administrations, has never held a political appointment
in the past. It is no wonder now that reaching the apex of his profession
it besets him to appear on the political front.

Let us hope that thése rumblings remain only rumblings. The country needs
gome' measure of stability to straighten itself out, at the same time time,
it cannot afford to fail with the present dispensation. But if these
rumblings are anything to go by, the world should not be surprised to see
Nigeria once more on the headlines.

cso: 3400/879

43



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SENEGAL

LD/MPT CENTRAL COMMITTEE MEETING PROCEEDINGS
Dakar FAGARU in French Jul 85 pp 15-19

{General Resolution issued 5 May 1985 by the 19th Session of the Central
Committee of the Democratic League-Movement for the Labor Party (LD/MPT)]

[Text] The Central Committee of the LD/MPT met in ordinary session on
Saturday and Sunday 4-5 May 1985 at the national office under the chairmanship
of Comrade Mbaba Guisse, assistant secretary general of the party, to cover
the following agenda: 1) Study of the international and national situation;
2) Activities of the Central Committee departments and general life of the
party.

Having heard the introductory report of the Political Bureau presented by
Comrade Abdoulaye Bathily, the secretary general of the party, and
communications by the various officials of departments of the Central
Committee, the 19th session went on to a broad and fruitful debate on all the
issues raised.

Concerning the international situation, the Central Committee devoted
particular attention to the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the victory
over fascism, and bowed in memory of all the victims of that horror. That
triumph over the fascist hordes was a very important victory by all the
forces of progress, especially those of the socialist community, the main
factor in the struggle for peace and emancipation of peoples. In view of the
importance of the event, the 16th session approved a special statement
expressing the party's commitment to consolidation and strengthening of the
gains in the struggle for disarmament and peace, against the bellicose policy
of international imperialism, headed by the United States led by Reagan.

In accordance with the recommendations of the 18th session held 5-6 January
1985, the Central Committee emphasized analysis of the situation in southern
Africa and the important lessons that it provides. The present context of the
struggle against South Africa and the puppet organizations such as the
Mozambique National Resistance (MNR) in Mozambique and UNITA in Angola was the
subject of a study promoted by the Central Committee enabling more concrete
understanding of the military, economic, social and political problems in
southern Africa. The session thoroughly absorbed information about the
national liberation struggle in southern Africa, and reaffirmed its support to

47



BLACKS INCREASINGLY, SUCCESSFULLY USING BOYCOTT TACTICS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 6 Aug 85 p 5

[Text]

using boycott tactics to impress their

B LACKS are increasingly and successfully

grievances on the country’s rulers.

A Black consumer
boycott of white shops in
several towns in the
Eastern Cape recently
spread from Port Eliza-
beth to East London, -
and yesterday to the
Cape Peninsula, worry-
ing the Government and
leaving some white trad-
ers without any custom-
ers at all.

“It’s very bad,” said
one white woman who +
runs a hardware store.. |
“There are no custom- |
ers,” she said, surveying |
her deserted shop. i

Troops

Her husband, refer-
ting to the wars between
black and white settlers
in the Eastern Cape in
the 19th century, said?
the “Kaffir wars” were |
here at East London.

“We fear them (the
blacks) . . . they are un-
governable people.” .

Neither. he nor his
wife wanted to be
named. * :

The Eastern Cape
boycotts, in support of a
variety of demands, in-
cluding the withdrawal
of troops from black
townships, have success-
fully persuaded local ,
white chambers of com-

merce to bring black
grievances to the Gov-
ernment’s notice.

“The threat of a na-
tional black consumer
boycott is no longer a
paranoid retailer’s bad
dream.” said the mag-
azine Finance Week
amid calls from Govern-:;
ement opportents for 4°
spread of the boycott:

_ movement.
“{t could turn into a |

real nightmare. The
Port Elizabeth boycott .
. . it’s shown blacks just
how powerful a tool
their purchasing power
is,” the newspaper said.
Police have arrested
dozens of blacks in the
Eastern Capeon
charges of intimidation,,
saying they threaten cus-
tomers who try to shop
at white stores. .
“Blacks have been seen
searching residents for
“white” goods as they

” enter the townships.

Pamphlet

East London’s boy-
cott began with a pam-
phlet distributed in its

* black townships saying:

76

*~ “Don’t buy in town” and

“Industry and the Gov-
ernment — two sides of
the same bloody coin.”

Signed by a “con-
sumer Boycott Commit-
tee,” the leaflet made a
number of political and
economic demands, in-
cluding the lifting of the
state of emergency im-
posed by the Govern-
ment last month and the
dismantling of tribal

“ homelands for blacks.

It urged the East

London City Council to
open segregated facili-
-ties such as beaches to
all races, and called on
employers to end the
sacking of workers dur-
ing the recession.

The Government is
already trying to stamp
out boycotts with its new
emetgency powers.

In Port Elizabeth the
consumer boycott fal-
tered temporarily when
pamphlets of unknown
origin were distributed
saying the boycott was

over and blacks had suf- ,

fered enough.
A spokesman: for the

local boycott commit-.

tee, in hiding after his
colleagues were de-
tained, said the pamph-
let was a fake.

JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


sacked, pillaged and reduced to oblivion by the Libyan invaders and their
local mereenaries. To reach 7 June 1982 required enormous sacrifices, a
focused national consciousness and an unshakeable will to face the huge Libyan
war machine, to defeat it, and to embark Chad in the process of final
rehabilitation. FROLINAT-FAN was a monument that had to be demolished to give
birth to the UNIR. To achieve this, courage, wisdom, and foresight triumphed
over legitimate partisan considerations. Yet, the UNIR must commit itself,
and faithfully continue in the steps of the FROLINAT-FAN.

At the outset, the task appeared difficult. However, the new organization has
benefited from the sustained attention of its president, Al Hadj Hissein
Habre. Was it not he who said to the consultative congress of the national
movement: "We must not have any illusions, still less rest on our laurels, for
it is not enough to conquer in order to achieve something. Above all, it is
necessary to consolidate what has been won in order to commit our country in
an irreversible process, capable of returning it in an enduring way to the
paths of development." This presented clearly the ultimate goal of the UNIR.
In Chad, the paths of development proceed unavoidably through reestablishment
of peace, restoration and consolidation of the national unity, and
safeguarding of national independence and the ability to defend the country's
territorial integrity. In this colossal and long-term task, the support of
President Hissein Habre is a determining factor. As president-founder of the
UNIR, he brings to this organization an unfailing backing. He keeps an eye
out for trouble under conditions that might enable rapid inroads among the
Chadian people. He pays attention to the watchwords that he wants all
Chadians to be aware of, watchwords which are powerful in ability to produce
the desired effects, that is, permanent mobilization of the masses, their
awareness regarding the major national issues, and their flowering into
greater political maturity.

This constant attention is evident from the special position that the UNIR has
in the institutions of the Third Republic. A renewed and dynamic framework,
capable of assembling and mobilizing all the vital forces of the nation, the
UNIR presents itself as a concrete answer to the internal and external
challenges that the Chadian people must confront. And there are many
challenges: outside aggression coupled with occupation of a major part of the
national territory, a permanent threat of the crumbling of national unity,
drought and other disasters. In addition, there are many fronts of struggle,
and the mobilization is constant. From this aspect alone, a mobilizing
movement can strengthen the Chadians over and above their diversity. In such
a framework, each Chadian can become "a dynamic and resolutely committed
individual, capable of making a positive contribution to the work of national
construction."

The UNIR statutes themselves explain the role and position of the Chadian in
this work of national rehabilitation. The preamble puts it well: "It is
important that the country's vital forces unite, structure themselves, and
mobilize even better, and redouble effort and vigilance to channel the
national vigor." On the political level, the UNIR, the veritable crucible of
all Chadian energies, seeks to establish peace, strengthen unity, recover the
occupied territory, restore to Chad its rights as a free and sovereign nation,
and establish a democratic political life guaranteeing the freedoms and



JPRS*SSA*85°080
2 September 1985

SENEGAL

VRHOVEC, DIOUF DISCUSS POLITICAL, ECONOMIC TIES

1D030017 Belgrade TANJUG Domestic Service in Serbo-Croatian 2230 GMT 2 Aug
85

[Text] Dakar, 2 Aug (TANJUG)--SFRY Presidency member Josip Vrhovec had a meet—
ing this evening with Senegalese President Abdou Diouf. In the course of a
1-hour discussion, which was conducted in the very friendly and cordial
atmosphere characteristic of relations between the two countries and peoples,
all of the current major world issues were touched upon, and there was: also

a discussion of the state of affairs and activities within the Nonaligned
Movement and of bilateral relations.

The Yugoslav delegation listened with special attention to information on
the state of affairs in and the problems of the African Continent. The
Vrhovec-Diouf meeting was, in fact, the Senegalese president's first meeting
with a non-African statesman since his election as OAU chairman. The talks
on the state of affairs in and actions by the nonaligned countries were con-
ducted in light of the preparations for the forthcoming ministerial meeting
in Luanda and the eighth summit of heads of state and government of the non-
aligned countries. Particular mention was made of the possibilities for and
ways of advancing the Nonaligned Movement's method of work so that the move-
ment might become even better established, as a decisive and positive factor
in world trends based upon the authentic principles of nonalignment.

In the section of the discussion on bilateral cooperation, Vrhovec and Diouf
stated that there were "no shadows" in respect of political relations, but
that economic relations are nowhere near such a level. The two statesmen
agreed to pay much greater attention to the development of economic relations,
which should be promoted by more frequent mutual contacts between the two
countries and their reprsentatives.

The Vrhovec-Diouf talks were also attended by Budimir Loncar, deputy federal

secretary for foreign affairs, and Dusan Grubor, SFRY ambassador in Senegal;

and on the Senegalese side by Foreign Affairs Minister Ibrahima Fall.

In a separate discussion, Budimir Loncar and Ibrahima Fall exchanged opinions
on specific forms of bilateral cooperation within the framework of the topics
and problems reviewed by Vrhovec and Diouf.

CsO: 3400/841

51



Business Community Urged To Act Against Violence
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 5 Aug 85)...

Stee e eee cecnceeeeee

Law Professor Criticizes State of Emergency
(SAPA, 6 Aug 85) aceccccccvccccccescccecseccececeecces

Student Protest Leader 'Profile'
(THE STAR, 5 Aug 85)...cccccceccscccecsccescccessccececeee

Urban Blacks Will Double Population
(CAPE TIMES, 25 Jul 85)..cccccesesccee

Fourth Chamber for Urban Blacks Questioned
(DAILY DISPATCH, 25 Jul 85) eeececccccceccsscccsssssceeees

De Aar--Battleground of Black Protest
(Riaan de Villiers; CAPE TIMES, 26 Jul 85).....cccccececee

Waste of Black Skills Noted
(THE SUNDAY STAR, 4 Aug 85).....ccccescccesccceecsceecues

Blacks Increasingly, Successfully Using Boycott Tactics
(SOWETAN, 6 Aug 85) .cecerscnsccvccsccsccesseseeeccescsssen

Boesak Planned Visit to Moscow Youth Festival
(Stephan Terblanche; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85).sccceceecccee

UK Foreign Office Probing RSA Use of Radar
(SAPA, 5. Aug 85) .cecccccccscccccccccvccccs

SOWETAN Urges Talks With ‘Legitimate Leaders'
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 29 Jul 85) ocesceccccncccccescccccvecs

Country's Future Placed Before Political Interests
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 6 Aug 85)..

eee ce rccccccceee

Two Government Departments To Be Rationalized
(THE CITIZEN, 8 Aug CS) Se

Activities of ESCOM's 'Nerve Center' Described
(Stephan McQuillan; THE SUNDAY STAR, 11 Aug 85).......e0

PFP's Drive for Members Criticized
(DAILY DISPATCH, 24 Jul 85) eeceeee

merece ccccesece

Conditions of Unemployment in Colesberg Townships
(CAPE TIMES, 27 Jul CS)

Bisho Booming as Ciskei Calls Bluff
(SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85).. tee e cece ce eeececeeceseccceceees

-d-

62

64

66

70

71

72

75

76

78

80

81

83

85

86

89

90

91



His struggle has gone beyond education and he wants absolute political,
economic and social equality in the country immediately.

He is either a member of the Congress of South African Students, an affili-
ate of the United Democratic Front; the Azanian Students Organisation; or
Azanian Students Movement, which support the Azanian People's Organisation.

He seems fearless and says he is "prepared to die for the black cause."

He has experienced detention without trial and expects: to be "picked up (by
the security police) at any time".

Government spokesmen says from time to time that the school boycotts in the
black townships are communist inspired and that "unscrupulous" politicians
are using the pupils and other children for their own dubious ends.

Student leaders in the townships scoff at these claims. They see themselves
as being in "total control" of the actions of the pupils.

There seems to be some credence to their claim. Several adults who have been
involved with the pupils in the schools turmoil in the past months could
probably attest to this.

These community leaders are among the most disillusioned parents in the town-
ships.

What drives these student leaders?

Our composite student leader says he is no communist. Until he became in-
volved in the student movement he attended church regularly with his parents.

He stopped going to church because he found "many of the sermons unrelated
to our day-to-day problems".

He says most of his motivation derives from a strong urge not to "become a
helpless adult like my parents".

He speaks with strong emotion about "being free".

Since he is a student, he says, he can start getting his freedom at school.
This means the authorities--and white South Africans--should not look upon
him as "a statistic, but as a human being with hopes and aspirations".
Anger and frustration are other driving forces. He has become impatient and
defiant. He is angry at the government "because it does not want to listen

to us".

This, he says, frustrates him and other student leaders and "forces us to
call for boycotts to get what we want".

68


Socialist and nonaligned are two terms which it is difficult for Western
stomachs to digest together, inclined.as Westerners are to assign all of the
socialist countries to the orbit of Soviet sponsorship and patronage, unless
they have clashed and broken with it, as was the case with China.

Aquino Braganca, one of the Mozambican intellectuals who, in a dynamic way,
best and most profoundly interprets the thinking of Samora Machel, that Machel
who stands out particularly in the circle of his intimate friends, said in an
interview granted to SEMANARIO on 22 June: "The defense of. our sovereignty,
our future, is more important than ideology. We do not make of Marxism a
vision of the world. Our Marxism is more nearly a tool for the creation of
our: nation. President Ramalho Eanes dealt very wisely with this issue at the
Gulbenkian seminar. The Marxism of Samora Machel does not represent a vision
of the world. It is a tool which, paradoxically, was born of a military
structure, for dealing in greater depth with the proposed construction of a
nation."

Aquino de Branganca was awarded the Eduardo Mondlane Order, Second Degree, on
25 June. It is the second highest decoration awarded by the People's Republic
of Mozambique, only members of the Political Bureau being eligible for the
First Degree.

Samora Machel, Marxism and Nonalignment

On the subject of Marxism, we cannot fail to quote here from a dialogue in
which we participated at the Ponta Vermelha Palace on 6 June.

Samora Machel was speaking of some Portuguese intellectuals who like to quote
French authors and, turning to me, he asked a question. "Have you ever seen
me quote Marx, Lenin or Stalin? Or even Mao Tse Tung? I quote my people, and
their experience. I draw on them, and not on foreign authors."

A study of Samora Machel's Marxism, a fascinating work certainly, remains to
be written, and it would lead us along the paths of Marxist heresy.

This work would have to focus, in addition to the texts and writings of the
Mozambican president, on the dialogue in which he, Regis Debre and Jean Zigler
engaged.

The two European intellectuals asked the Mozambican president when it was that
he read Marx for the first time. They insisted on an answer.

"I have never read Marx for the first time," Samora Machel responded.

He read him in the people and their roots, as he is fond of saying.

An Important Dialogue

The 10-year anniversary of independence celebration was in fact an external
demonstration of the nonalignment of this country, both in terms of those

Present and the messages sent to the country.. This is nonalignment in which
the presence of a Soviet military. vessel in Maputo Bay plays a role.

23.



JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

STUDENT PROTEST LEADER 'PROFILE'

MB060945 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 5 Aug 85 p 15

[By Pretoria correspondent]

[Text] /Near-anarchy in the streets of many South African black townships
has forced the government once again to declare a state of emergency in many

areas of the country.

The protest against established order has been led by youths, many still in
their teens.

Who are they? What sort of homes do they come from? What are their atti-
tudes?

Generally, white South Africans do not know these people, this enraged gener-
ation.

It is important that it is a gulf that must be bridged if there is to be
eventual peace.

Here is the first in a two-part series on the average student protest leader./
[Slantline indicate boldface as published]

Twenty-five years ago, when the South African Government last declared a
state of emergency, the measure was taken primarily to crush the pass pro-
tests by black adults. They came to a head at Sharpeville.

The movements spear-heading the protests--Pan Africanist Congress and the
African National Congress--were then banned, as were men such as Robert
Sobukwe, Nelson Mandela and Albert Luthuli.

By contract, the state of emergency declared ten days ago might be said to
be aimed mainly at neutralising the protest actions of black youth.

Black adults have become involved, but youths remain at the core of the
turmoil.

66


RIOT INSURANCE INCREASING IN DEMAND

JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

‘Port. Elizabeth EVENING POST in English 24 Jul 85 p 6

[Article by Kin Bentley]

[Text]

THE demand for “political riot” insurance cover in
Port Elizabeth has increased over the past few months,
with one broker recording a “considerable” demand
since Monday following the declaration of a state of
emergency.

Mr Reg Loveday, insurance manager for a local
brokerage, said there had been a “considerable
increase” in the demand for political riot insurance this
week.

He said the insurance gave added protection to cli-
ents who would otherwise not be covered by the general
terms of insurance against strikes, riots and commo-
tion. .

He said political riot insurance was handled by insur-
ance companies on behalf of the Government which
paid any claims.

A relatively low premium was paid — for instance
0,025% on the cost of a private home.

Mr Tony Hill, a partner in the same firm, put the
increase in demand at 100%.

He said the greatest demand was from whites.
People were insuring their cars, in particular, against
political riot damage, because under normal insurance
they would not be covered if, for instance, a stone was
thrown through a windscreen.

Many people were now also insuring the contents of
their homes and other personal effects, he said.

CSO: 3400/886

59

Mr Malcolm Stewart, regional chairman of the South
African Insurance Brokers Association, said brokers
had been advising clients of the availability of political
riot cover since March, 1979, and that political risks
were by and large excluded from conventional covers.

“Over the years, the percentage of clients still refus-
ing political riot cover has definitely dropped.

“In addition, businesses are expressing interest in the
limited political riot business interruption cover avail-
able since March, and also more and more individuals
are purchasing political riot cover on ‘their cars and
home contents.” . .

He urged businesses and individuals to refer to their
brokers for clarification on the extent and limitations
of political riot cover.

The managing director of another broking firm, Mr D
T Broadhurst, said he had not noticed any dramatic
increase this week, but over the past few months there ,
had been a steady increase in demand, particularly in
March and April.

However, he said, during the past year his company
had recommended that clients take out this form of
cover, which probably explained why they had not
experienced an unusual demand this week.

He added that about two years ago the racial loading
on “non-white” political riot insurance was dropped.
Previously blacks had paid about five times what
whites paid for this form of cover.



JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS
SWEDISH AID--Revolutionary Ethiopia has signed an agreement that enables it
to receive 1,150,000 Swedish kronor to be used for solving health problems

in drought~affected areas. [Excerpt] [Addis Ababa Domestic Service in Oromo
1600 GMT 19 Aug 85 EA]

csO: 3400/871

16



JPRS*SSA%85~080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA

CONTROL OVER WHITE ENTRY TO NAMIBIA PLANNED
Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 23 Jul 85 pp 1, 4

[Text] WINDHOEK: White South Africans may soon
have to join their black and brown countrymen and
apply for permits before they will be allowed to
enter Namibia. fos

Legislation to give effect
to this would be introduced
as soon as possible in line
with the new Transitional
Government’s policy of
eliminating all racial dis-
crimination, the Minister
for Local Authorities and
Civic Affairs, Mr Hans
Diergaardt told Sapa in
Windhoek yesterday.

He announced in the
National Assembly on Fri-
day that draft legislation
had already been prepared.

In an interview yester-
day he said the draft bill,
largely based on legislation
prepared a few years ago
but never introduced, still
had to be approved in prin-
ciple by the Cabinet.

Explaining the motiva-
tion behind the move, he
said restrictions on blacks
moving from South Africa
to Namibia had been in-
troduced in 1922, and for
coloureds in 1970.

The restriction on
coloureds had apparently
been introduced at the re-
quest of = Namibian
coloureds who felt their
work opportunities were
being threatened by the in-
flux of South ~Afrieaii.
coloureds seeking
employement in the Ter-
ritory.

cso: 3400/892

White South Africans
who entered the Territory
on holiday or to work had
never been subject to
restrictions and this situa-
tion was making certain
groups in Namibia unhap-
py, Mr Diergaardt said.

“The main purpose of
the bill will be to eliminate
all racial discrimination
when it comes to control of
South Africans entering
Namibia ... control will be
exercised regardless” of
colour.”

Details of how the
system would work in
practice were not yet:
finalised, but prospective
visitors would probably
have to apply for their per-
mits before entering the
Territory.

Mr Diergaardt said he
did not think control points
‘would be set up at points of
,entry to Namibia, because
this’ would. be tod’ expen-
jbive.

At this stage;: the draft
pl made’ no mention of
fees being. charged - for
permits. — Sapa t

33



crucial role, as they can canvass support for the Palestinian cause and also
further (?strengthen the struggle), thus forcing the state of Israel to
both recognize both the PLO and its fair struggle.

I will be unable to work successfully as secretary general or as coordinator
if I cannot enjoy the generous support, assistance, and experience of all
African ONG's--we are working toward this end. I also thank the United
Nations which organized this colloquy without which we would probably have
not been able to organize the conference. I will be at the disposal of the
United Nations, giving of my efforts and experience, and I will attend every
meeting organized by the United Nations in order that the just struggle of
the Palestinian people will triumph. [f£nd recording]

Africa plays an increasingly great role on the international front. The
Dakar Declaration stated that the forces opposed to Palestine are trying to
isolate or annihilate the traditional commitment of the continent. There-
fore, this trap must be exposed and, better still, avoided, which has already
been done. For African ONG's which took part in the colloquium, along with
the United Nations, are addressing themselves to the survival of mankind. In
this connection, the Palestinian and the South African problems are regarded
as the result of political systems which flout the dignity of man,

CsO: 3400/841

53



JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

LIBERIA

PUL CALLS FOR FAIR TRIAL FOR DETAINED JOURNALISTS
ABO71922 Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 1710 GMT 7 Aug 85

[Text] The Press Union of Liberia, PUL, has called on the government to
allow due process of law to take its course in the arrest and detention of
Mr Mamadu Salif and Mr (Klonhinen) of the FOOTPRINTS TODAY newspaper for
what the government described as breach of security. In a press release
issued yesterday, the Press Union expressed deep concern over the situation
and said it has requested the government through the Justice Ministry to
have the men duly charged within the time prescribed. by law. It also said
they should be given a speedy and fair trial in a civil court of competent
jurisdiction by a jury of [words indistinct] and be represented by counsels
of their choice.

In a letter to Justice Minister Jenkins K.Z.B. Scott dated 25 July, PUL
further requested that the two journalists be allowed to exercise their
inalienable rights to defend themselves and confront their accusers; add-
ing if all these steps cannot be taken, the journalists should be released
from further detention. It said the letter also reminded the Justice Min-
istry that Liberia was one of the first countries to sign and ratify the
1947 Geneva Convention on human rights which, among other things, emphasizes
respect for the fundamental rights of all people.

cso: 3400/789

19



ACTIVITIES OF ESCOM'S 'NERVE CENTER' DESCRIBED

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 11 Aug 85 p 10

JPRS@SSAC85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA .

[Article by Deputy News Editor Stephen McQuillan from the most powerful

non-political office in Africa:

[Text]

LIKE military strategists
marshalling troops by
computer from some se-
cret bunker of Nato’s
high command, they gaze
quietly into multi-col-
oured television screens.

A giant plan of the South
African national grid
stretches 10m across a
curved wall... its omni-
preserice a strong indication
of its vital importance; a re-
minder of what is at stake.

The diagrammed lines of
supply, reaching all parts of
the nation, list familiar names:
Kriel, Koeberg, Komati. Next
to the names are clocks, their
hands pointing to the present
“operational status” or how
much the power stations are
contributing in Megawatts to
the national grid.

Hundreds of bulbs mark the
arterial routes across the coun-
try, ready to illuminate in the
event of a major fault.

To the left of the wall map,
two digital displays indicate
the present frequency of elec-
tricity, fluctuating slightly
above and below the 50-hertz
target which represents the
best quality of supply.

Too high or too low a fre-
quency is bad for the network.
It’s a delicate balance between
generation and demand.

National controllers at
Escom ask big consumers to
“shed load” or switch-off plant
as frequency drops through
49,2hertz to 49hertz. At
48,8 hertz, mandatory “load-
shedding” is started.

Four men sit before a range
of screens, buttons and tele-
phones; monitoring, delivering
commands. Like space-age
travellers preparing some in-
tergalactic mission, they check
power lines, output from power
stations, frequency, demand,
supply and re-route power past
any fault in the system. Then
re-check.

As astronauts in “2001: A
Space Odyssey” called on
their computer brain HAL for
assistance, the Escom control-

* Jers call on electronic whiz

ESP (Energy Scheduling Pro-
gramme) to schedule genera-
tion economically.

Every 40 seconds another
computer system — SCALD
(System Control and Load Dis-
patch) — scans all the opera-
tional systems for faults. If any
changes — overloads, break-

86

"SA's Power 'Nerve-center'']

downs, overheating — are de-
tected, the computer advises
controllers, :

But, in the end, it all boils
down to the experience, per-
ception and efficiency of the
man at the controls to take the
correct decisions, sometimes in
a matter of seconds.

One of the most threatening
of problems is the “cascade”.
An overload on one power line
can cause it to “trip”, or be
triggered out of use automati-
cally. That in turn can lead to
greater load on other lines. Un- -
less swift, decisive action is
taken at national control, such
a problem can cause a chain
reaction of breakdowns across
the country and widespread
power failure.

Like a juggler trying to keep
all his Indian clubs in the air at
the same time, the Escorn men
try to maintain a flow of elec-
tricity to all parts of country.


JPRS*SSA*85+080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

SENIOR HEADMAN RESIGNS--Windhoek--The chairman of the second tier Owambo
Legislative Assembly, senior headman Mr Gabriel Kwautima, announced his
resignation from the post yesterday, saying he wanted to join Namibia's
new Transitional government, the SWABC reported in Windhoek. Mr Kwautima,
who has held the post for the past 17 years, was speaking at the opening
of the Legislative Assembly at Mwenshipandeka. He said he would like to
join the Transitional Government but could not do so while a member of

the assembly. He gave no indication of what political party he would join.
The vice-chairman of Owambo Legislative Assembly, senior headman

Mr Wilpard Shitaatala, has also resigned, but for health reasons. The Owambo
Legislative Assembly's session is the first of a series by second tier
governments which are meeting to discuss draft budgets for the present
financial year. [Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English

24 Jul 85 p 1]

RECORD OWAMBO BUDGET--The chairman of the Executive Committee of the Owambos,
Mr Peter Kalangula, tabled a record budget of R128.4m, 8.2 percent more than
last year, on Tuesday. The largest allocation, R53.8m, goes to Health and
Welfare, while R48.2m has been earmarked for Education. R9.7m has been voted
for Capital Projects, 10 percent less than last year. [Text] [Windhoek

THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 26 Jul 85 p 3]

WHITE POPULATION SHRINKS--Windhoek--Namibia's white population showed a
negative growth of 0.7 percent, calculated on an annual basis from 1970 to 1981,
according to results of the census held four years ago and released in Windhoek
yesterday. All other population groups showed increases, ranging from

1.4 percent for the Damaras to 5.8 percent for the Kavangos, with the Territory's
total population increasing by just under 300,000 from 789,732 to 1,033,196,

or 3 percent on an annual basis. According to a breakdown of the figures in
the report, compiled by the statistics section of SWA's Directorate of Develop-
ment Coordination, the total number. of whites declined by some 6,000 from

1970 to 76,430 in 1981. The census in the urban area of Windhoek showed a
total population of just over 96,000, with 29,400 being whites. The total
active labour. force in the Territory was calculated at nearly 206,000, with
only 10,000 of those enumerated indicating they were looking for work. The
South African Protectorate of Walvis Bay was excluded from the census.--SAPA
[Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 26 Jul 85 p 1]

CSO: 3400/892

40


JPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SOWETAN URGES TALKS WITH 'LEGITIMATE LEADERS'
MB060611 Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 29 Jul 85 p 4
(Editorial: "Peace Talks"]

[Text] There is no need under present circumstances for any of us to be
cynical. There is also no need for leaders to undertake certain measures
for political scoring.

Our house is on fire.

So if Mr P. W. Botha does undertake to speak to any black leader, if he
decides to release the peoples' leaders from Robben Island, let him by all
means do that. If he wishes to release Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and
others, by all means let him be encouraged to do that.

But let us not start carping that the exercise might simply be to get the
country out of the present jam. Let us leave off the cynicism of searching
for political motives. For we must now all be convinced that the situation
is serious. If the situation was seen to be so bad as to have a state of
emergency, surely it is just as grave for us to expect and get, serious,
deliberately thought out change.

There will be those who will declare that Bishop Desmond Tutu, and perhaps
even Dr Allan Boesak, will speak to Mr Botha, not as political leaders,

but as clerks searching for peace. That is probably true. There is nothing
wrong with that.

There are those who are saying if the government releases Mr Mandela, it
would simply be to get the pack of baying critics from all over the world
off his back. That is probably also true, but not wrong either.

As long as the doors for talking are kept open, there is hope. But the
situation is simply that too much talking has been promised, some has been
effected, but the masses still suffer under apartheid.

That is the reality.

81



A detailed assessment
of the extent to which the
South African Govern-
ment has made towards
meeting the following
conditions:

@ Eliminating the sys-
tem which makes it im-
possible for Black em-
ployees and their families
to live near their places of
employment; ”

@ Eliminating the
Group Areas Act;

@ Eliminating all the
policies that make distinc-
tion between the South

African nationality of '

Blacks and Whites;

@ Entering into mean- ,

ingful negotiations with
“truly” representative
leaders of the Black pop-
ulation for a new political
system providing for the
full participation of all

race groups;
@ Achieving an inter-
nationally recognised

settlement in South West
Africa and:

@ Freeing all political
prisoners.

Progress

If the President is not
satisfied that significant
progress has been made,
then recommendations
should be made for a ban
on new commercial in-
vestment in South Africa;
a ban on the importation
of coal, uranium ore, and
uranium oxide from SA
and SWA and other econ-
omic or political sanc-
tions.

Regarding nuclear
trade between the United
States and South Africa,
the Bill stipulates that:
“No licence may be is-
sued for the export to
South Africa of goods or
technology which are to
be used in a nuclear pro-
duction or utilisation fa-
cility, or which, in the
judgment of the Secretary
of State, are likely to be
diverted for use in such a
facility.”

The Bill also forbids
the export of computers,
computer software, or
goods or technology in-
tended to service comput-
ers, directly or indirectly,
to or for use by thé South
African military, police,
prison system, the nat-

CSO: 3400/887

ional security agencies,
Armscor and its subsidi-
aries, Black Development
Boards, any entity that
administers programmes
which discriminate
against non-Whites, and
any local, regional or
homelands government.

Prohibition

The Bill also calls for
a prohibition of the im:
portation of Krugerrands
into America. “No: per-
sons, including a bank,
may import into the Unit-
ed States any South Afri-
can Krugerrand or any
other gold coin minted in
South Africa or offered
for sale by the Govern-
ment of South Africa.”

Millions of dollars are
recommended for schol-
arships for Black South
Africans — the equvalent
of R17 million for 1986,
R25 million for 1987 and
R32 million for 1988 and
each fiscal year there-
after.

The Bill calls for the
provision of a R3,2 mil-
lion “Human Rights
Fund” which would be
used for direct legal and
other assistance to politi-
cal detainees and pi
oners and their families,
including the investiga-
tion of the killing of pro-

* ‘testors and prisoners, and

for support for actions of
Black-led community or-
ganisations to _ resist,
through non-violent
means, the enforcement
of apartheid policies.

It recommends the es-
tablishment in South
Africa of an advisory
committee, comprising
people representing trade
unions, American busi-
nesses in SA (including
the American Chamber
of Commerce), academ-
ics, church leaders and
the American Ambassa-
dor to South Africa.

This committee
would be responsible for
reporting the activities of
American companies in
South Africa regarding
equal employment oppor-
tunities and the promo-
tion of Blacks and non-
Whites to higher mana-

58

gerial positions; and also

, With providing the Ameri-

can Congress with details
of the 200 largest com-
panies operating in South
Africa.

Prof Néffke described
as “awesome” the 12-
month deadline set for
the South African Gov-
ernment to make signifi-
cant progress towards the
ending of apartheid.

“How will the Ameri-
can President be able to
prove to the House of
Representatives and the
Senate that South Africa
is making pfogress to-
wards a new political dis-
pensation? Whatever pro-
gress is achieved in South
Africa, would immedi-
ately be challenged by
members of the American
Congress.”


The fact that the white electorate might. see such measures as dramatic and
even unbelievable does not remove that reality. The reality is that the go-
vernment and its white electorate has been speaking to people who for one
reason or the other, are either incapable, or unwilling to lay it on the
line.

We are sure that the release of somebody like Nelson Mandela will not only
echo happily in the corridors of power throughout the world, but that Mr Botha
and his government would then be honour bound to speak to such recognised
leaders.

Mandela also has our confidence. He is one of the most astute political
leaders in the continent. He has suffered for his convictions. He has aged
in his wisdom and is the type of person who might help particularly the
government out of a tricky situation.

We are hoping that some political activists and a lot of cynics would not
wish to throw water on such meetings. We know too there are people, who for
their own political advantage would scoff at such measures. We know there
are blacks in our midst who sincerely believe the time for talking has long
passed. We know all these things.

We are however optimistic and, we believe, responsible enough to know that
as long as people who matter share ideas, as long as they agree to sit down
and even differ in their views, things might take a better turn.

Mr Botha took an enormous chance, some will say out of panic, in declaring
a state of emergency. Before he leaves the political world let him take
the type of chance that will make him remembered for all time. Speak to the
legitimate leaders and release those in jail.

CSO: 3400/820


IJPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

ZAIRE

BELGIAN MILITARY TRAINING COOPERATION REPORTED
Brussels VOX in French 30 May 85 pp 11-13

{Article: "Belgian Military Technical Cooperation: Its Role in
the Training of Zairian Officers']

[Text] The contribution of the Belgian army,
both in men working in the field and in fi-
nancial and logistical means, to assist the
Zairian army in training its officer corps is
little known, not only by the Belgian popula-
tion, but also by the majority of our military
personnel who do not realize the importance of
the role taken on by our cooperating staff in
the area of the scientific instruction and mi-
litary training of young Zairians with an of-
ficer's vocation,

Military Schools

At the end of the 1960's, the future officers of the Zairian
army (Congolese at the time) were still mostly trained in for-
eign military schools, particularly in Belgian schools (Royal
Military School, Air Force, Navy, and Police Schools).

The technical assistance agreements of 1968-69 concentrated
Belgian military gooperation on the training of cadres, particu-
larly officer cadres, As a result, the Military Schools Group
(GESM)' was created under the command of a Belgian senior offi-
cer, The continual training of officers is carried on there on
two levels: basic training for second lieutenants at the Kananga
Officer Training School (EFO)i and the training of prospective
officers at the Command and Staff School (ECEM).

In the past, other intermediate level schools have been inte-
grated with the Military Schools Group, including a school of
instruction for police officers, a school of instruction for ad-
ministrative officers, and a military language institute.



Military Training

The goal of military training is to train the student officers
with respect to character, as well as morally and physically, at
the same time equipping them with the military knowledge neces-
sary to any noncommissioned officer first of all, and then to
any commissioned officer. .

Military instruction takes place in three phases:

The initial military phase occurs in permanent bivouac, at the
end of which the student officers should have a thorough know-
ledge basic military instruction, :

During the first year, the student officers increase their tac-
tical and technical knowledge, in order to become capable pla-
toon commanders. Instruction therefore centers on the study of
arms and materiel, as well as on platoon level tactics.

During the second year, the student officers are trained as pla-
toon commanders and as instructors.

They also receive information on all the weapons used by the
Zairian Armed Forces.

In the area of tactics, the emphasis is placed on conditions pe-
culiar to Zaire and to service in the field.

The Role of the Military Cooperating Personnel

In the context described above, it is obvious that the responsi-
bility of our cooperating personnel extends to both scientific
instruction and military instruction, which remains of vital
importance.

Not only does the foreign assistant prepare his courses, direct
exercises, evaluate the level reached by the students, but by
his example of perseverance, wisdom and good sense, all the
while carefully respecting the local traditions, he helps these
young Zairians become the future leaders of the army.

Moreover, he usually has one or several additional tasks relat-
ing to the administrative needs of an officers’ school (library,
print shop, equipment, workshops etc.).

It is absolutely necessary for the instruction given to be
upgraded constantly.

The level of the students varies from year to year, the neces-

sary means are not always available, and class size changes con-
stantly.

120


JPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

REPAIRS PLANNED FOR BEIRA SPILLWAY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 9 Jul 85 p 3

[Text] The MONAP-1 Project and the Technical Constructions enterprise have
now completed preparations for the launching of reconstruction work next.
September on the spillway located in the Palmeiras zone of the city of Beira.
This is the initial phase of an undertaking which will entirely rehabilitate
six floodgates and the buttress which will extend 150 meters into the sea.

According to information provided to NOTICIAS by a MONAP technician, Francisco
Rodrigues Paixao, his organization has already ensured the financing of the
project, although this has not yet been officially announced.

The MONAP-1 Project will serve as the supervisory and financing body for the
undertaking, both providing funding and purchasing the construction materials
to be used in the reconstruction work.

Technical Constructions, a Portuguese enterprise which submitted a bid for the
contract, will only carry out the construction work, while also making
available part of the material its counterpart cannot obtain.

According to Francisco Paixao, the plan for rebuilding the spillway developed
out of the fact that in recent periods, repeated floods have occurred in
certain zones of the city of Beira during the rainy season, since apart from
being the only spillway in existence, it has been ineffective for some years
for lack of maintenance, with the resulting deterioration of obsolete and
fatigued materials.

Again according to Francisco Paixao, this whole complex of problems gradually
allowed sea water to erode the supports of the spillway, for which no
protective measures were provided in the construction phase. At the same
time, this caused gradual silting up, which in the end made the entire system
inoperative.

Until this happened, the spillway had always been operated by means of manual
differentials, which required the constant presence of a worker at the site to
control the machinery. Francisco Paixao said that following the
rehabilitation of this structure, it will be operated by winches, a more
practical and modern functional system.

27



; JPRSSSA°85*080
‘ 2 September 1985

CAPE VERDE

BRIEFS

FRETILIN REPRESENTATION--The FRETILIN [Revolutionary Front for East Timor
Independence] will soon have a permanent representative in Cape Verde, Leonel
Andrade, who has a Swedish degree in. electrotechnical engineering, the ANOP
has reported, quoting the head of that movement's delegation abroad, Abilio
Araujo. This appointment comes at a time when the FRETILIN is seeking to
increase the number of its representatives in various parts of the world and
to make the struggle it has been waging for independence for 10 years better
known. The FRETILIN, which already has representation in Mozambique,
Australia, Angola and Portugal and at the United Nations (New York), will also
shortly have a representative, Roque Rodrigues, in Vanuatu, who will undertake
efforts in a number of Pacific countries, working from that republic. As to
Jose Ramos Horta, who for some years has been the FRETILIN observer at the UN
while serving as a member of the permanent Mozambican delegation, he is to be
transferred to an African country at the end of 1985, Abilio Araujo said. He
also said that the recent Amnesty International report confirming the
atrocities committed by Indonesia in East Timor will help considerably to
increase the impact of the struggle there, which has long been almost ignored
by the rest of the world. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 5 Jui 85
p5] 5157

CSO: = 3442/353



of the squabbling. It is understood that some of the senior council members
had expressed concern over a civilian, once recognised as a leading foreign
spokesman for the defunct civilian administration, being charged with the
responsibility of security in a military government.

Their argument rests on the logic of precedence, that in all military govern-
ments the world over, a military inteligence officer always is the most
suitable professionally to man the national intelligence network. It is
believed that Buhari over-rode these protestations because he believed he
would personally feel more secure with Rafindadi than with the military
candidate meant for the post.

Related to this, it is said, was the massive scale of political detentions
immediately following the takeover and the subsequent Special Military
Tribunal trials. While confidential sources say the Chief of Army Staff is
against the way and manner that policy was and is being handled, it is
suggested that he has restrained a public opposition least ‘an uproar follows.
Such an uproar is likely envisaged because Babangida is the myth behind the
regime, a man whose quelling of the 1976 Dimka-abortive attempt to seize
power gained him immense national recognition.

An intriguing aspect of the detention matter is the continued incarceration
of a number of people of known integrity. Prominent amongst which are
Shettima Ali Monguno, a man whose tenure of public service glows with praise
and admiration in a country where corrupt deeds are acceptable, if not
normative; Tai Solarin, whose devotion to social and political nonconformism
should have been treated as just another of his tantrums of criticism;
Yahaya Dikko, Shagari's erstwhile Petroleum Chief, who within international
oil dealers' circles is respected as a disciplined person for resisting the
temptations of personal enrichment; and Lateef Jakande, widely applauded in
both the Northern and Southern part of Nigeria during his days as Lagos State
Governor.

Another bone of contention, I am informed, is the issue of procurement and
distribution of what in Nigeria are known as "essential commodities," that is,
rice, sugar, milk, salt and other such consumer items. Sources disclose

that the Buhari group insist on government being the sole importer and dis-
tributor of "essential commodities," while other people feel effective
government supervision and monitoring of the private sector would serve a
better purpose in reducing the acute shortages and curtailing increased prices.

Several other issues were discovered as being behind the rumblings. It, of
course, would be impossible to outline and discuss them all at length for
obvious reasons, but an insight into the personality of Babangida, the man
at the centre of the controversy may be useful here. It might help us
understand, too, why according to a report in the OBSERVER of London a
couple of months ago, the junior officers in the army had at one time asked
Babangida to take over from Buhari.

42


JPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

BURKINA

BRIEFS

SOVIET FILM MATERIALS——A large consignment of cinematographic materials
was donated this afternoon at the National Secretariat General of the
Committee for the Defense of the Revolution [CDR] by. the Soviet Union.

The ceremony took place in the presence of Lieutenant Yien (Tinimite)
deputy national secretary general of the CDR. These materials comprise
four all-terrain vehicles equipped with film projectors, electricity
generators as well as many feature-length Soviet films in French and many
spare parts. Comrade Vladimir (Timochenko), who handed over the materials,
recalled the excellent bilateral relations between our two countries,
[Excerpt] [Ouagadougou Domestic Service in French 1900 GMT 8 Aug 85 AB]

CSO: 3400/871



LEGAL ADVICE SOUGHT ON AG8&

JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 25 Jul 85 p 1

POLITICAL REPORTER
THE DISPUTE over Proclamation
AG8 in the National Assembly could
take a new turn with both sides taking
advice from experts on whether the
Proclamation can be dealt with by the
Assembly or whether it has to be refer-
red to the Constitutional Council.

[Text]

Two of the Ministers in-
volved in the dispute, Mr
Moses Katjiuongua
(Swanu) and Mr Dirk
Mudge (DTA), suggested
in the National Assembly
yesterday the Proclama-
tion could be referred to
lawyers for their opinion
‘on its status, ~

Yesterday evening the |

Minister of Mines, Mr
Andreas Shipanga, said he
had already consulted con-

stitutional experts on the.

issue.

There is a feeling in the
National Assembly that its
work has become bogged
down in the morass of
words surrounding AG 8,
and several speakers refer-
red yesterday to the need
to satisfy the expectations
of the people who were
looking to the new govern-
ment for action.

There seems to be little
hope of a speedy com-
promise, however, and
both sides restated their

cases yesterday during the
Third Reading Budget
Debate.

Mr Shipanga said it was
not true that — the
Multiparty Conference
leaders had agreed in Cape
Town that Proclamation
AG 8 was a constitutional

Matter. ~ -

AG8& was an - ad-
ministrative proclamation
which had been established
to serve the interests of one
particular group.

Mr Shipanga called on
the Assembly to get on
with approving the budget
and said speeches and mo-
tions would not solve the
country’s problems,

It was time for the As-
sembly to get down to
work.

Mr Katjiuongua denied
that his party had signed a
document in Cape Town
which it was now trying to
deny in the Assembly.

36

He was reacting to a
statement earlier in the
Debate by Mr Mudge that
Members of the House
were agreeing to one thing
behind closed doors: and
saying another thing in
public.

Mr Katjiuongua said
there was doubt in legal
opinion over the extent to
which Proclamation AG 8
was a constitutional or ad-
ministrative document.

It was perhaps necessary
| to get opinion from outside
r the ‘House, . "og
' He added that the MPC
thad decided that other
matters which were con-
tained in AG8 or which
could be argued to be of a
constitutional nature could
be dealt with by the As-
sembly. .

Mr Mudge insisted there

» could be no argument over

the status of the Procalam-

tion and it was not neces-

sary for the parties to come
to agreement over it.

Because of its very
nature AG 8 was a con-

' stilutional issue,

The Proclamation of the

South African State Presi-


IPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

UGANDA

BRIEFS

GOVERNMENT REPORTEDLY DETAINS JOURNALIST--Kampala, 7 Aug (AFP)--The editor
and publisher of the weekly UGANDAN REVIEW, Francis Odida, is being held by
the country's new authorities, government sources said here today. The
sources said Mr Odida's detention was not connected with his work as a
journalist, but they could not [words indistinct] detained. There has been
no official confirmation of the arrest. He is believed to have been arrested
on Saturday, a week after the government of President Milton Obote was top-
pled in a coup. The UGANDAN REVIEW has not been published since the July 27
coup that toppled President Milton Obote. [Text] [Paris AFP in English
1519 GMT 7 Aug 85 AB] ;

cso: 3400/836


JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

CHAD

NGUELY BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION ALMOST COMPLETE, FACING PROBLEMS
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 15 Jun 85 p 1

{Text] Nguely bridge, on which construction work began in March 1985, will
open at the end of July, the director general of public works, Brahim Nassour,
told the press yesterday. This project, financed by the U.N. Development
Program (PNUD) and carried out by German experts, will have cost a total of
1.4 billion CFA francs. Designed to handle heavy traffic, the bridge measures
230 meters in length and rests on six twin pillars sunk 12 meters in the bed
of the Logone river. It is located, on the Chadian side, 6 kilometers from
the Walia tarred road, and on the Cameroon side, 400 meters from the Cameroon
coast road.

The necessity to construct this bridge was dictated by the dual concern to
disenclave our country and to aid in rapid transport to stricken areas of food
for Chadian people located far from the Cameroon and Nigerian ports. However,
less than a month before this new bridge is to open to traffic, a number of
problems seem not to have yet been resolved. According to the director
general of public works, the Cameroon road from Maltam (Cameroon) 16 km from
the bridge is not yet paved and will without any doubt hinder flow of traffic
in the rainy season. Also, the 6 km from Nguely to Walia will require 700
million to make it serviceable. In addition, the project to construct the
bridge accesses is also running into problems due to lack of gravel.
According to the director general, 1 cubic meter [as published] of gravel
imported from Waza in Cameroon costs 40,000 CFA frances, while the quarries at
Mani in Chad sold the same volume for 16,000 CFA francs. However, the Mani
quarries in Chad have been inactive for several years. It is to be hoped, the
director general said, that the friendly countries will respond to requests to
put them back in production. If all these problems persist, the ferry may
continue to be the only way to reach the west bank of the Chari for a long
time.

9920
CSO: 3419/477

15



fundamental rights of man and associations. In the economic field, it seeks
the welfare of the people through rebuilding of all the socio-economic
sectors. The road chosen is that of socialist development, taking into
account the national realities. The opening up of Chad to the outside world
is best expressed in the UNIR's action program, which advocates relations of
friendship and cooperation with all states committed to peace, justice,
freedom and progress. - The national movement reaffirms the effective
participation of Chad in all the subregional, regional and international
activities through the existing organizations. -

With the objectives clearly defined, the UNIR has throughout its first year of
existence sought to establish itself in the heart of the nation. The first
phase of this action was explanatory. Thus, more than one mission criss-
erossed the country to inform the people about the motives and goals of the
national movement. Ndjamena, cosmopolitan and the crucible of all the
diversity, began the march. The emotion was such that from the beginning the
cause seemed to have been understood. The party members strived to provide
the dynamism to lay the foundations for the structuring process. A year was
enough to entrench the UNIR.

The basic cells have spread from the capital to the provinces, along with real
changes. These concrete achievements have produced effects that the best
statisticians cannot quantify. They are all the gains by the mass of the
people and the results of the many and widespread consciousness-raising
campaigns on the awareness of the people. The Chadian working masses are more
than ever receptive to the national policy. They are acutely aware of the
dangers looming on the horizon, as well as of the government measures to halt
them. The increasingly evident support of the various national elements for
the institutions of the Third Republic reflects their degree of awareness, and
also provides a true measure of the UNIR's activity.. One fact in particular
draws attention: it is the spreading of the basic cells to the public and
private services. The novelty is evidently combining with the desire to get
together. It was in this perspective that groups such as the Organization of
Women of the UNIR, the National Union of Chadian Businessmen, and the Rally of
Youth of the UNIR were formed.

Rajeunir, OFUNIR and UNACOT are other centers for channeling dispersed
energies, at the levels of Chadian women, youth and businessmen. The concern
remains constant: to assemble and strengthen, overall or on a sector basis.
The UNIR, 1 year later, has the necessary apparatus, thanks to the strong will
of its leading institutions, to pursue its noble objectives. However, the
Chadians alone are responsible for its success. "It is up to the Chadians to
make the UNIR the great movement embodying the hopes of the entire Chadian
people," said President Al Hadj Hissein Habre at the closing of the UNIR
consultative committee congress. This truth conveys its full meaning today,
when the structuring efforts of the national leaders are being completed. The
ball is in the camp of the people's masses. Joining in large numbers is the
only real measure of support for the UNIR. The rest is only talk.

9920
CSO: 3419/480

10



Changes at Murray & Roberts Reported
(SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85)..

ce eecccece

Langa Victims Suing Le Grange, Policemen
(SAPA, 7 Aug 85).cccccccccccccccscccccescccvsccscecsccsess

Military, Police Using West German Equipment
(THE CITIZEN, 8 Aug 85).cesccccscccsccsvccceccccccccccsecs

Biggest Coal Consignment To Be Exported
(Joel Jacobson; DAILY DISPATCH, 26 Jul 85)..ececcseee

Nation's Inflation Rate, Problem Examined
(Cees Bruggemans; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85)sscescscceccesece

Popularity of Franchising Reported
(Ciaran Ryan; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85).ecesccscccccsccceeee

Motor Industry Independents Score 'Nepotism'
(Don Robertson; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85).cccccsccssccevccee

Premier Metal-Gradtek Merger Reported
(THE SUNDAY STAR, 4 Aug 85).cccccccscceccccccccccvcecccece

Wool Herd, Production Drops
(Ciaran Ryan; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85)..

eo ecccecccccce

Game Farms Cause of Spiralling Land Cost
(Brendan Ryan; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85).sececececessssscees

New Energy Plan Features 'Sweeping Proposals'
(Jaap Boekkooi; THE SUNDAY STAR, 11 Aug 85).ssscecssseceee

RSA Use of Lasers Increases
(Fred Stiglingh; BUSINESS DAY, 6 Aug 85).ccscesesesesceeee

Aerial Photography Used for Market Research
(Kerry Clarke; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Aug 85)..cccccscscccscscece

Briefs
Apple Computer Co Departure
School Boycotts, Violence Continues
Opinion Poll on Mixed Marriages Act
France Aid to Black Majority
London Paper Boycott Called Off
Stellenbosch Petitioned To Open University
Kendal Power Station
Alusaf Computer System
Production Record
Synfuel Plants
Slabbert Questions
Old Councils for New

-e-

92

94

96

97

98

100

101

102

103

104

106

107

109

110
110
110
111
111
112
112
112
112
113
113
113


JPRS*SSA*85=080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NEW ENERGY PLAN FEATURES 'SWEEPING PROPOSALS’

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 11 Aug 85 p 7

[Article by Jaap Boekkooi, Science Writer]

[Text] SWEEPING proposals to secure | In the same way, the White
South Africa’s energy future are Paper recommends the drafting of
contained in a new report. . a national contingency plan to en-

The reports says that, during sure a continuous supply of coal
the next 15 years, the country for strategic industries.
must: The country must also learn to
@ speed up its oil search, find uses for discard coal, of which
@ develop the Mossel Bay gas 200 million tons were dumped dur-
field, . ing the past 10 years, earn more
@buy into oil and gas fields in from coal exports and maintain
other countries, its position as the world’s largest
@halt the building of more re- supplier of steam coal.
fineries, 4 . The committee says the exploi-
@study and invest in foreign syn- tation of Mossel Bay gas should be
thetic fuel technology and regarded a top priority. If the
@ work towards a Southern Afri- present viability study on the gas -
can electric power grid. ee field is positive the field-should be
The proposals for the country’s } in full production by 1990.
first national Energy Plan are to: Negotiations with other South-
be submitted to Parliament next ' . ern African countries should be
year. *. started to share in the develop- '
The aim is to safeguard all the ment of their oil and gas fields.
energy resources of the country, By 1990, the committee states,
put them to maximum use, and electric cars should become com-
strive for future self-sufficiency in mercial following the latest high
liquid fuels, density-energy battery develop-
The proposals are contained in ment.
a draft White Paper compiled by In short to medium terms, heat
the Energy Policy Committee, pumps could also supply power.
charged with formulating a na- But little could be expected during
tional energy strategy by the Min- the coming decade-and-a-half
ister of Minera] and Energy Af from solar, wind, wave, tidal,
fairs last year. geothermal and ocean-thermal en-
The White Paper stresses that ergy. Daylight saving time would
an energy policy is necessary be- contribute too little to energy sav-
cause the country “forms part of ing.
the world energy situation in gen- The White Paper. is against the
eral. . . and is liable to internation- ; construction of new oil refineries
al political complications and an 4 because present refineries would
oil boycott”. . remain under-used. It is also in fa-
vour of gradual abolition of re-
bates on diesel oil.
CSO: 3400/872

106


Prof Dugard said the ability of parliament and the press to monitor the
actions of the police had been curtailed as a result of the emergency.

The professor—-in an apparent reference to the closure of newspapers recently,
notably the RAND DAILY MAIL with its anti-government stance-~said the press
had also been seriously affected "as a result of a conspiracy between the
government and big business, as we have seen in the: past six months."

He called on the government not to continue to deprive black people of their
South African nationality.

He said it was essential the government unconditionally release Nelson Mandela.

"Tt (the government) has failed dismally to suppress the voice of the voice-
less."

A manifesto adopted at the meeting demanded that the government end the state
of emergency, legitimitise banned organizations, release detainees, repeal
the pass laws, stop all forced removals, provide a single system of education,
and remove troops from the townships.

Mr Diliza Matshoba, a South African Council of Churches field worker, told
the same meeting he believed the central point of confrontation was the
1984 constitution, which was supposed. to bring about political reforms.

Mrs Molly Blackburn, the Progressive Federal Party MPC [Member of Provincial
Council] for Walmer in Port Elizabeth, said: "Events in the Eastern Cape,
when consolidated, read like a cheap horror story."

She said whites there had no idea of township life.

Mrs Blackburn also criticised the minister of. law and order, Mr Louis le
Grange, saying: "Mr Le Grange is trying to keep the lid on a poiling kettle
without looking at the fire underneath."

A statement, read at the meeting on behalf of the Catholic Bishops Conference

of Southern Africa, supported the call for the lifting of emergency regula~
tions.

cso:  3400/839

65



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

* MOZAMBIQUE

NATIONAL SITUATION ON 10TH INDEPENDENCE ANNIVERSARY ASSESSED
Lisbon DIARIO DE NOTICIAS in Portuguese 4 Jul 85 p 12 ,

{article by Augusto de Carvalho: ."Mozambique~-Celebrations and Tears in the
10 Years of Independence") :

{Text] Maputo--This was a week rich in events, in celebrations and tears.

Celebrations, when the 10th anniversary of the winning of independence was
marked by a parade of about 200,000 persons, indicative of the activities and
progress achieved in these 10 years. 7
Tears, because the resistance against the regime focused on the festive date
more or less everywhere, with a series of attacks injuring, plundering and
murdering defenseless people. Tears also because there is still hunger among
the people.

Two documents of notable interest have been produced in this connection: the
pastoral letter of the Catholic bishops and President Samora Machel's message
to the nation.

The celebrations brought to Mozambique more than 60 official delegations from
foreign countries, coming from the five continents of the world and the most
widely varied ideological latitudes. From the Soviet Union to Britain, from
China to Portugal, there was a parade of international support for the
Mozambique headed by the government of Samora Machel.

Five chiefs of state (Cape Verde, Angola, Zambia, Tanzania and Botswana) came
personally, as did the prime minister of Zimbabwe, its most representative
political personality.

The American Presence

There was much speculation about the United States representation. It was not
difficult for us to see that official circles in Mozambique wanted the United
States to send a high-level representative. There was even talk of a possible
visit by former president Ford, and later, former secretary of defense Melvin
Laird, who just a short time ago visited Mozambique at the head of a
delegation of businessmen with notable political weight in Reagan's country.

20


LOGONE ORIENTAL PREFECTURE, (cont. )

Subprefect for Gore teas Moita Ahmed
Assistant subprefect for Bébedja Adoum Oumar Katib

MAYO KEBBI PREFECTURE

Prefect vs Alifa Bah
Assistant prefect Abakar Moussa
Subprefect for Lere Adoum Hassan Fouda
Subprefect for Pala Mallout Ramat
Assistant subprefect for Pala Gombo Ahmed
Subprefect for Gounou Gaya Mara Souleyman
Chief of P.A. for Gagal Mahamat Nyl Abakar
Chief of P.A. for Binder Abdoulaye Goujda

MOYEN-CHARI PREFECTURE

Prefect Baal Zarh Papy
Assistant to the prefect Abdelbagui Brahim
Subprefect for Maro Djantangar Michel
Subprefect for Koumra Adoum Kebbir
Assistant subprefect for Koumra Teguen Irabeye
Subprefect for Moissala Luaderim Kodio
Assistant subprefect for Moissala Issa Kore

Chief of P.A. for Bediondo Boukar Allabourssa
Chief of P.A. for Bekamba 2d Lt Fensikreo Seoua
Chief of P.A. for Korbol Baboul Ouagal

Chief of P.A. for Boum Kebbir Deye Ramat Nague
Chief of P.A. for Dembo Hassan Abderaman
Chief of P.A. for Bedaya Lt Poradoum Santalet Gong

OUADDAL PREFECTURE

Assistant prefect Mianbe Bailao
Subprefect for Adre Mahamat Abdelkerim
Assistant subprefect for Adre Woromi Okori
Subprefect for Abougoudam Dorade Diomnatbeye
Subprefect for Goz Beida Issaka Haroun
Assistant subprefect for Goz Beida Dibengue Seweye
Assistant subprefect for Am-Dam Abakar Adamou

SALAMAT PREFECTURE

Prefect Bourma Addessi
Assistant prefect Beade Jeremie
Subprefect for Am-Timan Mahamat Alaoukou
Assistant subprefect for Am-Timan Saga Tougouna
Assistant subprefect for Aboudeia Souleyman Bolom
Subprefect for Haraze Mangueigne Koulou Mahamat Treye
Assistant subprefect for Haraze El Hadj Moussa Fellati


In the environs of Maputo, about 13 kilometers away, they shut down the
Lusalite factory by destroying a power-transforming station.

There were about 60 attackers. With heavy weapons fire, they covered three
men who entered the factory area to place explosive charges in the transformer
station.

The factory was only guarded by two soldiers and three or four poorly trained
militiamen.

The record shows that the 60 men succeeded in beating a retreat with no
casualties, and they further enjoyed the luxury of plundering some houses
during their flight.

In the neighborhood of Namaacha, they killed a couple of Portuguese origin,
Abel Bartolomeu and his wife, known as Dona Mimi, with bayonets. This couple
was greatly respected and beloved in the region as a kind of mother and father
to the local poor and needy. Then came the massacre of 24 individuals on the
Manhica road, about 50 kilometers from Maputo. They were traveling in a truck
escorted by a military column. Last Saturday, the 29th, the same thing
happened at almost the same site, except that this time 36 were killed and 64
injured.

There is no longer much talk about the kidnapping of the four Portuguese nuns
and the two Portuguese priests on the frontier with Malawi, or the kidnapping
last month of Mrs de Lemos and the three children who were with her.

Yesterday a soldier told us he saw a helicopter in the Moamba zone (about 50
kilometers from Maputo) which had come from South Africa to unload weapons for
the rebels.

A Calm City

However, Maputo is a calm city. One can move about at any hour of the day or
night without fear, as if the RENAMO were uninterested in taking over the
government, the highest representatives of which live in the city.

It is the unanimous opinion of the foreign ambassadors living in the capital
of Mozambique that the bosses of the RENAMO are not seeking to win power. In
their view, they are making use of this movement, planting attackers more or
less everywhere in small groups with a view to keeping Samora Machel's regime
in a state of weakness by attacking, injuring, killing and robbing here and
there, and disorganizing the structure of the economy, from production sources
to transportation.

There were tears, therefore, during the celebrations of a people who went into
the streets to express their joy, who have cadres made up of thousands and
thousands trained during these 10 years, a people practically rescued from
illiteracy. A people who dance and sing at their celebrations, but who are
being killed on the roads, in the bush and at home, and as if all of this were
not enough, are further suffering from hunger.



JPRS#SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

LANGA VICTIMS SUING LE GRANGE, POLICEMEN
MBO70955 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0945 GMT 7 Aug 85

[Text] Johannesburg, 7 Aug, SAPA--The dependents of those killed in the Langa
shootings at Uitenhage in March, and those who were wounded in the incident,
have instituted damages claims totalling about R2 million against the minister
of law and order, Mr Louis le Grange, and the individual policemen involved
in the shootings.

A letter notifying the minister of the victims intentions to sue for damages
was delivered today to the commissioner of police, General Johan Coetzee.
Sammonses will be served on the minister and the policemen in a month's time.

Nineteen people died from gunshot wounds on March 21. The damage claims of
the dependents total about R500,000.

One of the deceased, Mr Phakamile Solomon, is survived by his wife and five
children. His family claims R100,000 for damages and R500 for the funeral.

Thirty-six people were injurged by police bullets. Their claims total about
R1.5 million.

One of them, Mr Lawrence Gqubule, 20, who is paralysed from the waist dow
since he was shot, said in his affidavit: "I cannot move my legs at all and
I cannot feel anything below my waist."

Mr Lungile Noikashe, 34, is a paraplegic as a result of gunshot wounds he
suffered that day. He said in his affidavit: "Soon after being injured, I
was unable to sleep at night and have nightmares."

Four of those injured by police bullets have been dismissed from their jobs.
Several will never work again.

The legal costs of the 45 plaintiffs are being paid by the Federation of South
African Trade Unions, which has about four members among those injured.

Most of the injured were allegedly arrested and detained "with no sufficient

cause" after the incident. These victims are sueing the minister for wrong-
ful arrest and detention.

94


If the juggler drops one club,
he may drop the lot. If the con-
trollers lose a line of supply,
the entire system can be threa-
tened.

With Escom’s costs put at
R21 million a day — R875 000
an hour, R14583 a minute or
R243 a second — correct deci-
sions can reflect the saving of
millions of rands.

“T like to compare our job
here with that of an airline
pilot,” said 52-year-old father
of two Mr Jan Esterhuizen, the
head of national control. “We
have to react in seconds — sa-
crificing parts of the power
network to save others in an
emergency.

“One wrong move, a wrong
decision and you have a disas-
ter. You could lose power
across the country.

“I don’t know of anyone who
can do more damage to this

in this room. One mistake
means a loss of millions of
rands to the economy.”

But the chances of that hap-
pening are slim,

The 20 to 25 controllers, who
work eight-hour shifts in teams
of four, have to cope regularly
with every conceivable kind of
disaster and react accordingly
— in the simulator room.

Most of them have had a
long career with Escom and
were recruited from control
rooms at power stations where
they worked under instructions
from national control.

With a microwave oven on
hand, coffee and sandwiches
from. home, the controllers
take lunch at their desks, their
thoughts never far from the
command centres.

“We never have a normal
day here,” said Mr Esterhuizen,
who started with Escom in
1954. “The pattern changes

from day to day. Controllers °

are trained to tackle any job in
the control room.

“But it can get monotonous.
Some of the more experienced
heads of shift, who usually have
30 or 40 years’ experience with
Escom, sometimes find them-
selves looking forward to
something special happening
on the system to test them.

“If a problem develops, the
head of shift will sometimes
contact me at home for a deci-
sion. But often he doesn’t have
time to consult. A man in this
position, with probably a few

seconds to react, has one of .

the most important jobs in the
country. He may have to order
a shutdown of consumers.”

The system is analysed each
day to identify potential prob-
lems before they arise, and
staff at national control fore-
cast how much electricity the
country will need at any one
time.

Their estimates — a balance
between the use of economical
generating plant and security
of a constant flow of power —
have to take into consideration
the weather, the likelihood of

~ faults developing and, occa-

sionally, even a popular televi-
sion programme.

“If you have a popular pro-
gramme — Wimbledon, boxing
or major soap drama ~ which
finishes just before six or eight
in the evening, you can expect
an increased demand immedia-
tely afterwards,” said Mr Es-
terhuizen.

“People use the toilet, When
the water is flushed, pumps at
the sewage works have to work
harder. People boil kettles for
a cup of coffee, or make a
snack. This puts pressure on
the supply, especially when the
television news follows, be-
cause people seem prepared to

87

go to the kitchen or toilet while
the news is on.”

The SCALD computer helps
the controllers measure the ex-
pected demand and assists in
any decision to operate the
hydro-electric and gas-turbine
generating plant around the
country.

The hydro plant — at PK le
Roux and Hendrik Verwoerd
dams and in the Drakensberg
— can be called upon to gen-
erate electricity at the flick of
a switch from national control.
But the timing of their use has
to be measured against the de-
mand and economics.

Gas-generators are the most
expensive, but they are useful
in that they can generate
power immediately.

A big coal-fired station in the
Eastern Transvaal needs about
eight hours before it can intro-
duce its capacity to the nation-
al grid.

On July 12 Murphy's Law
Came to Escom

ON JULY. 12 Escom recorded
the highest peak demand of the
year — and of its history.

The record was broken at
9am, the usual morning peak
of demand and the time in any
day when most electricity is
required. It was also a Friday,
the busiest day,

But the pull on the electrici-
ty supply went on. Another rec-
ord was broken at 10am and
yet another at ilam, when
Escom was delivering
17 853 Megawatts to the nation-
al grid.

The steady increase in de-
mand put additional pressure

‘on Escom’s national control

which, behind the scenes, was
also coping with another series
of problems which could have
led to a breakdown in power
‘supply.

On the evening of July i1
controllers increased their
forecast of expected demand
for the following day several
times after hearing weather
reports indicating that a cold
front would bring tempera-
tures down below freezing.

It was a good job they did.



TANDJILE PREFECTURE

Assistant to prefect
Subprefect for Kelo
Assistant subprefect for Kelo
Subprefect for Bere
Assistant subprefect for Bere

9920
CSO: 3419/477

Mamadou Oumarou

Gari Toumle

Ngakia Beati Nouarabaye
Issa Abderaman
Ngarkimadine Gady Boguel



fication schemes required to
make up the backlog.

Its mass housing arm,
Amalgamated Construction, _
is one of the biggest in the

game.

Mr Bramwell cannot un- ;
derstand why the Govern. ;
ment, the provinces and
municipalities do not prac-
tise what they preach about

vate enterprise by ceasing

heir own civil engineering
activities, |

“These bodies have dozens |
of construction divisions, |
many with underused lant |
costing ratepayers and tax- |
payers a fortune, Private-
sector companies could do
the, work far more effictent-

Being highly expert at rail- |
way, cooling-tower and har- |
bour construction, M&R. is
contracting in quite a few
foreign countries. For politi-
cal reasons, its foreign activi-
ties are a secret, but already
10% of earnings.come from

abroad.
M&R has been in coal at”
Leeuwfontein for five years

and aims to increase its in- .

volvement.

“We don’t foresee being as
big in coal as Amcoal and
Gencor, but we would like to
be a significant producer —
and exporter.”

High-tech
Consumer lucts, nota-
bly food, and high-tech in the
form of industrial electro-.
nics, railway signalling, hy-°
draulics, pneumatics, pro- .
cess controls and heat-
resistant materials are other
pilority areas for the group.
therwise, Mr Bramwell has °
no regrets about M&R’s pre-
sent positioning, although
heavy engineering and found. :
ries are particularly difficult
areas at the moment.
.. Mr Bramwell has every
faith in CI’s long-term future
even though caravan sales
have plunged and timber-
frame housing has been a
major aisapp intment. .
le will stay on for at least
another two years. He has a

cso: 3400/872

farm in Natal, but is in ti0]

hurry to retire. 1

“have acquired quite a
few new which I
would like to see through. I
was appointed to the State

' President's Economic Advi-

sory Council. 1 am mixed up

* in Seifsa and am on several
; boards.”

At 1200c, M&R is well off
its recent high of 1450c,
elds 6,4% and is 5,7 times
istorical earnings. gs
were down 35% at the inter-

im.

‘Things are unlikely to have
Improved in the second half
and there is a question mark
over the final dividend. The

are could go lower. If so, it

should be snay up on the
longer-term. piaead

3



JPRS*SSA*85*080 ,
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S INFLATION RATE, PROBLEM EXAMINED
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 11

[Article in The Rex Colum by Cees Bruggemans]

[Text] THE increase in the

consumer-price index ;
may slow soon, but in-
flation is unlikely to
fall much in the
medium to long term.
We are not necessarily in
the throes of hyperinflation,
although the risk of that re-
mains considerable. But the
rand will remain under
‘sure from the inflation differ-
ential. Given our current
Problems and market éx-

tent of its undervaluation
could well become South Af-
rica’s newest misery index.

Trade-off |

This fs unlikely to be news

to businessmen, few of whom
believe in the return of a
strong rand, low inflation or
robust growth. This view is
also prevalent in Govern-
ment circles.

The policy trade-off seems
to be between domestic
frowth and protectin fhe

lance of payments. Infla-.
tion may be a serious prob-
Jem in distorting financial
values and investment be-
haviour, but it is a poor third
Priority, .

We have not given up en-
tirely on inflation, but reality
apparently dictates a prag-
matic closing of the eyes.

Even 80, we do not have
such a bad inflation record.
For the past decade we have
Contained inflation within a

- 10% to 15% range. It com-

pares well with those, mostly

ird World, countries that
suffer from hyperinflation,

It remains a_ reflection

though of the degree to which *

we are not in charge of our
own affairs, '

Defence bill

Inflation is a monetary
phenomenon, but it has socio-
Political roots. It is evidence
of insufficient competitive
forces in society, which must
sound strange for a nation
that needs a Competition
Board. & a hyperinflation
soci ere may al
factors at work, 7 be spect

In the case of Israel it
would seem to be the exter-
nal threat and huge defence
spending needed to contain it.
This has placed such a bur-
den on society that one and
all try to protect their eco-
nomic position by demanding
more of everything.

The results are high taxes,
increased wages and sala-
rles; more credit and higher
prices.

When the financial pres-
sures become intolerable in
* that they can no longer be
contained in a well-organised
structure, an inflationary spi-
ral gets under way.

Israel is a relatively effi-
cient country compared with

‘most deve) oping nations
which are suffering varying
degrees of hyperinflation.
The Geveloping nations are
not afflicted by an external

: event placing society under
pressure, except the develop-
Ment process as such.

Their markets are crude,
their economic Felationships
still unstable. Pressure for
resources, by the individual,
the corporations and the
Government is undisciplined
and it is all shown in price
behaviour.

The more mature societies
as a rule do not exhibit these
excesses. But when a particu-

‘lar growth cycle lasts too

Tong, the demands placed on -

an economy go up.

®

In the 1960s and 1970s there

was an inordinate rise in de- |

mand in most industrial na-
tions, by labour as well as
* governments. The resultant
resource pressure resulted in
spiralling. ieee which
was fuelle 1e two major
oil shocks.

: Temporary

| In a developed society,
such excesses are usually of a
fairly temporary nature. The
turning of the long cycle gen-
erally reintroduces the kind
of discipline that accommo-
dates various competi-
tive forces within a reason-
ably stable monetary
environment.

This return to normality is
generally not found in devel-
oping nations, at least in the
modern post-war period,
Their position is one of

j change, with growing pains a
feature for several genera-
tions.

Most of these nations seem
to suffer from a permanent
inflation problem, indicating
the unceasing struggle to im-

; Prove relative economic po-

sitions, and the still-imma-
ture economic structures
that harbour them.

Inflation in developing na-
tions seems to have n
worsening in spite of heroic

; efforts by institutions like the
International Monetary Fund
which periodically try to en-
force, with limited su
their own code of sophistica-
tion on what remains essen-

; Hally an unreceptive envi-
ronment.

ent
| ‘The SA economy is an in-
' teresting one in that it does


JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

'WHITES HISTORICAL ROLE'--Scores of Portuguese immigrants to South Africa
yesterday [26 July] applauded South African Deputy Foreign Minister Louis
Nel in Lisbon when he stated that, quote The Whites have no intention of
relinquishing the historical role that they are called upon to carry out,
unquote. Nel, who was speaking at a reception connected with the inaugura-
tion this Sunday of a monument to the Portuguese immigrants to South Africa,
was commenting on the consequences of the sanctions that certain Western
countries are imposing on his country. He said that the policy of sanctions
or disinvestment in South Africa would appear to be based on the notion
that the blacks must be punished until the whites surrender. [Text]

[Lisbon Domestic Service in Portuguese 0001 GMT 27 Jul 85 LD]

AUSTRALIA-RSA. 'CONTACT' FAVORED--Australia is speaking in terms of a policy
of constructive contact with South Africa as a means of getting this coun-
try to change its internal system. Australian Foreign Minister William
Hayden expressed himself in favor of contact with South Africa after talks
in Canberra with his government's ambassador Mr Robert Birch who recently
was recalled home from Pretoria. He made it clear that there were no plans
to withdraw the ambassador from South Africa and said Mr Birch would be re-
turning to Pretoria. At the same time the foreign minister disclosed that
the Australian Government was to meet on Monday to review future ties with
South Africa and that sanctions would be one of the options discussed. [Text]
[Johannesburg Television Service in English 1800 GMT 6 Aug 85 MB]

SURVEY SHOWS PUBLIC SKEPTICAL--Johannesburg--The South African public is
"sceptical" and "disbelieves" many people in positions of responsibility.
This emerges from a recent survey, which shows the public is not well-
informed, at least in respect of journalism and TV news. According to the
survey carried out by Market Research Africa, 70 percent of white urban
adults believe ‘that TV newsreaders "tell the truth." But journalists are
least trusted--less than 20 percent believe journalists "generally tell the
truth." What the public doesn't seem to realize is that TV newsreaders
merely read news prepared by ... wait for it ... journalists. The survey,
carried out last year on a sample of 1,000 representative: urban white
adults, showed "a high degree of scepticism in South Africa in that many
statements made by those in positions of responsibility are disbelieved."
Judges and the clergy were given the best rating--78 percent and 75 percent,
respectively, of adults questioned generally trusting them to tell the truth.
Next came teachers (71 percent) and TV newsreaders and doctors (70 percent).
Government ministers (41 percent) fare better than business leaders

(30 percent). Least trusted are politicians and journalists with only

20 percent believing them.--SAPA [Text] [Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English

9 Jul 85 p 1]

cso: 3400/886

114


mines and ‘‘mono-
poly” businesses will
be nationalised and
the land divided
“among those who

work it”. The charter _

says “there will be a
committee of workers
to run the gold mines”
and “the workers will
take over and run the
factories”.

This document was
drawn up by a group of
mainly white people
dominated by the Con-
gress of Democrats
which the liberals of
the time believed,
rightly I think, to be a
communist front. The
mouthpiece of the
COD, New Age, was
slavish in its devotion
to the Soviet Union,
and an apologist even
for Soviet misdeeds
which were ultimately
denounced by Nikita
Khruschchey.

Dogs, it was said of
New Age, bark louder
than their masters.

The COD eventually =

forced the liberals out
of the small group who
drafted the charter.
The Marxist view pre-
vailed, was written
into the charter,
accepted by acclam-.
ation (not by vote) at a

Congress of the Peo- :

ple, and split the ANC.

Ever since then,
there have been deter-
mined efforts (starting
with Nelson Mandela
in 1956) to. pretend
that the charter does
not mean what it says.

The most recent ex-
ample is an extra-
ordinary assertion in
Frontline magazine by
Wits lecturer Duncan
Innes that the aim of
the national liber-
ation struggle, “as ex-
pressed in the Free-
dom Charter”, is to
create a democratic
capitalist state.

A “capitalist state”
in which workers com-

CSO: 3400/883

mittees run the factor-
jes? In which the land
is handed over to the
peasants? In which
the mines and banks
are nationalised?

Innes knows, and de-
scribes in detail, how
the Communist Pai
has beaten off all chal-
lenges to the extra-
ordinary influence it
wields within the
ANC. One challenge
by an anti-Soviet Trot-
skyist group ended in
the expulsion of the
Trotskyists; another
challenge from a black
nationalist group led
by Tennyson Maki-
wane ended in the
expulsion of Maki-

wane.

(Makiwane, whom I
knew as a member of.
the Liberation Com-
mittee of the OAU in
ithe sixties, fled to
Transkei but was pur-
sued there and
assassinated. His wife
Ruth now works for
Chief Mangosuthu
Buthelezi).

There are two im-
portant reasons to de-
fine the character and
the aims of those who
claim.to lead the fight
against apartheid.

The first is that we
should know what we
are fighting for. The
left is at excessive
pains to reassure us

” that the struggle in the

townships is not Marx-
ist. The liberals, the
black nationalists, the
democrats, the believ-

‘ers in capitalism, the

priests, all who were
driven out of the coali-
tion when the aims of
the revolution were
being defined, are

now being invited -

back in.

We can all rejoin the
struggle to create a
“democratic capitalist
state” in which the
factories will. be run
by workers commit-
tees and in which

dissidents will, no;

doubt, be treated
according to the

admirable penal code -
with which the Soviet :
Union cloaks the:

Gulags.

61



Claims by government spokesmen and apologists that. unscrupulous adults are
using innocent children to achieve their own ends can be seen as an admis-
sion that children paly a significant role in the political crisis.

What started in the last decade as subdued complaints about the imposition of
Afrikaans as a second medium of instruction in black schools exploded on
June 16, 1976 into violent death and destruction. Since that day hundreds
of blacks and some whites have died.

But who are the leaders of this protest movement which began: in the black
classrooms?

Here is a composite profile of a typical student leader in a high school
almost anywhere in the country:

While young women have come to play a significant role in township student
movements, the leader is likely to be a young male in Standard 9 aged be-
tween 19 and 23. He was probably in Standard 1, 2 or 3 when the 1976 riots
erupted.

Since then, school disruptions because of boycotts and failure to sit for
examinations have cost him an average of three years in lost time. He has
supped on the boycotts, strikes and stayaways of nine years.

Contrary to a commonly-held belief, the leader is rarely the product of a
broken family or delinquent parents. His parents generally belong to the
fast-growing black middle class.

He generally gets what he wants from his parents.

In school, he might be a plodder or a bright spark, but is generally an
articulate, forceful speaker, by the standards of his school-mates.

He has generally lost respect for his parents, as well as for other elders,
priests and teachers, whom he sees as docile participants in the apartheid
system.

He feels his parents and other elders have failed him and his generation.
He despises the police. He sees them as part of a repressive system which
holds him back by feeding him "poisonous education".

He subscribes to the slogan "Freedom now, education tomorrow", and others.

He is impatient with his parents' generation which, according to him, seems
preoccupied with gaining concessions from an intransigent government.

They, he claims, are preoccupied with peripheral specifics such as securing
better facilities for their school-going children.

67



to be alert that this flame of hope does not go out, for the national and
international communities have their eyes turned toward Chad. Before starting
the awards ceremony, the chairman of the celebration committee praised the
increasing desire of Chadian youth to seek to preserve at all costs our
eultural patrimony and to work for artistic and cultural development, the
leaven of national unity.

On the occasion of this youth week, Aloki Blamkakou, assistant secretary
general of RAJEUNIR, presented on behalf of the Rally of UNIR Youth a motion
of support to the UNIR and to its president-founder, Comrade El Hadj Hissein
Habre. We publish RAJEUNIR's resolutions in full:

--It gives its full and unfailing support to the UNIR and to the president-
founder.

--It is ready to assume its historic responsibilities while remaining totally
and constantly available for service at the side of the government of the
Third Republic.

--It is ready to make all necessary sacrifices to drive out of the national
territory the Libyan invaders and the obscurantist forces of the small-foot
colonel of Syrte.

--It stands ready to work fully and objectively toward strengthening of peace,
concord and national unity.

--It expresses its full satisfaction with the tour carried out by the
president of the republic and president-founder of the UNIR through all parts
of the country, thereby issuing a formal denial of the slanderous allegations
by the eternal enemies of the Chadian people, whom they want to divide from
their best servants.

--Encourages the government of the Third Republic to continue the policy of
the extended hand and national concord.

9920
CSO: 34197480

12



One of them, Mr Kenneth Mxaku, 42, spent almost four months in jail.

Johannesburg lawyer Mr Halton Cheadle, who is acting for the victims, said
in his letter to the commissioner that "the Fouche group, acting in concert,
deliberately and indiscriminately opened fire on members of the public. They
did so to injure them with the knowledge that some of them would or might be
fatally injured."

The Langa incident was investigated by the Kannemeyer commision of inquiry
earlier this year. But an inquest is still to pe held and some of the vic-
tims still face trial for alleged acts of public violence.

cso: 3400/839

95



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

GHANA

BRIEFS

LIBYAN AGRICULTURAL AID--A member of the Provisional National Defence
Council, PNDC, Alhaji Iddrisu Mahama, has said that the government is
determined to meet the basic needs of the people by ensuring that food,
shelter, and clothing are made available at all times. The PNDC member
was speaking at a ceremony during which he cut the sod for the start of
the first phase of the Ghana and Libyan-Arab Agricultural Company project
at Tokpoe, in the Tong district of the Volta region. [Text] [London
TALKING DRUMS in English 15 Jul 85 p 25] The GHANAIAN TIMES has noted
that despite enemy insults and lies, the Socialist People's Libyan
Jamahiriya has continued to extend its hand of support to Ghana's
revolutionary process and friendship to the people of Ghana. The TIMES
cited a 31 million dollar large scale Ghana~Libyan farm project which
is planned to cover 7,560 hectares out of which 3,730 hectares will be
irrigated. Maize, groundnuts, and other crops have already been planted
on the first phase of the farm. [Text] [London TALKING DRUMS in English
15 Jul 85 p 25]

NEW CEDI EXCHANGE RATE-—-The GRAPHIC carries on its front page a release from
the Bank of Ghana on the new exchange rate of the cedi which will be 57 cedis
to the U.S. dollar with effect from Monday, the 12th of this month. [Text]
[Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 10 Aug 85]

cso: 3400/890

17



IPRS*SSA*85*+080
2 September 1985

FRENCH MILITARY TECHNOLOGY INTEREST--Nigeria is interested in French military
technology, especially in the AML French armoured cars, General Ibrahim
Babangida, chief of staff of Nigeria's army, indicated in Paris where he was
on visit. The Nigerian Chief of Staff, met French Defence Minister

Charles Hernu, and led a 10-member delegation to inspect armoured cars in
Satory and witnessed a demonstration of airborne units in Toulouse. "We

are going to examine the outcome of this visit on my return to Lagos but we
are not necessarily looking for arms," he told reporters. [Text] [London
TALKING DRUMS in English 15 Jul 85 p 24]

cso: 3400/879

46


BISHO BOOMING AS CISKEI CALLS BLUFF

JPRS*SSA*85%080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 6

[Text] BISHO has the look and

cso:

feel of a boom town.

Once known only as the im-
poverished capital of Ciskei,
it-now vibrates with con-
struction and commerce. An
international airport is being
built, and the main hotel, the
Amatola Sun, is packed with
Get athe
world, the visitors lining
three-deep around the ene
ing tables in the casino.

Many of the foreigners,
however, may have visions of
a different sort of financial
killing. Last March, the Cis-
kei Government announced a
new set of policies that could
turn the tiny enclave into the
most enticing tax haven any-
where in the world,

Dumped

Beets
ing edge of a levelop-
ment trend that is spreading
to the four “independent
homelands in SA. Set up in
the past nine years mainly as
dum ing, grounds for un-
want ick citizens, Ciskei,
Transkei, Venda and Bophu-
thatswana were neither inde-
pendent nor terribly homey.
Now, thanks to a variety of
incentives, there is unprece-
dented economic activity in
the homelands. In the case of
Ciskei, the Government is in
essence calling Pretoria’s
bluff, using its nominal inde-
dence to set up the tax
ven. The question, howev-
er, is how much good all of it
is doing for the citizens.

Real aim

The Griving. force behind
much of the development is
the Pretoria Government's

3400/872

decentralisation concessions.
Announced in 1982, the incen-
tives were ostensibly de-

to stimulate indus-
trialisation in the black
territories. .

In fact, the real aim was to
funnel blacks to the home-
lands. The Government
offered to pay relocation
costs and ide monthly
wage subsidies of as much as
R110 a worker for any com-

that would set up shop
frrene of the homelands.

In one sense, the plan
worked. By last year, 777
companies had si; up for
the benefits, and the stream
of applications has increased.
The result has been a sharp
increase in the gross national
product of the homelands.

Even so, the programme
has ora policy 36 re-
spects, the new policy seems
to have increased the exploi-
tation of black workers in the
homelands. Many industrial
laws — notably the mini-
mum-wage provisions — do
not apply to those areas. That
has allowed some companies
te. hire as many people is

y possibly can, paying the
workers less han the $38 sub-
sidy they receive from the
Government — and pocket-
ing the difference.

Gardens

Last year, for instance,
two companies that share a
factory in Ciskei listed 520
cleaners, 326 security em-
ployees and 128 gardeners on
their payroll,

Critics contend that the
figures are too high for two
such modestly sized gom.

ies, especially since there
tre nC gardens at the plant.

ca

But the emplo ers say the
workers are “fulfilling neces-
sary roles in our company
structure”. .

For SA officials, the burst
of development in Ciskei pre-
sents something of a dilem-
ma. The Ciskei package in-
cluded the elimination of
company taxes, the reduction
of personal income levies toa
maximum of 15% and setting
up a free-wheeling banking

system.

Although Ciskei has long
benefited to a degree from its
traditionally free-market
policies, the immediate re-
sult of the announcement last
March was a flood of entre-
preneurs, many of them

uth Africans seeking. to es-

Retaliation
Some hard-liners urged the

, Government to retaliate

against Ciskei. One sugges-
tion was that Pretoria should
expel Ciskei from the South-
ern African Customs Union,

ides the Bisho

a third of its income.

But the chances are that
SA will avoid doing anything
soon — for one not surprising
reason. If nothing else, Cis-
kei’s tax package is encour-
aging non-South African
companies to forget about
disinvestment and, in effect,
bolster apartheid by invest-
ing money in‘the homeland.

‘I don’t think Pretoria will
do much more than mutter
about this,” says one govern-
ment official in Ciskei. “What
they lose on the swings they
may gain on the rounda-
bouts.” — Newsweek.



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

PORTUGAL GRANTS AID--A‘total of $25 million has been made available to Mozam-
bique by Portugal. This follows the talks that Governor of Bank of Mozam-
pique Prakash Ratilal had with Portuguese officials. The amount will be
used in priority sectors of the Mozambican economy. [Excerpts] [Maputo
Domestic Service in Portuguese 1700 GMT 31 Jul 85 MB]

PILOT KILLED--The civil aviation department has confirmed to AIM the death of
a Mozambican pilot, Andre (Frank) Tembe, which took place on 30 July in
Luabo in Zambezia Province. Andre Tembe was flying an Highlander aircraft
of the Air Transport and Services when it was hit by gunfire from the armed
bandits. According to AIM, the plane's copilot, Carlos Silva, a Portuguese
national, was able to take off again. and went on to land in Marromeu, Sofala
Province. AIM also reported that on the same day the armed bandits kidnapped
two foreign technicians who were repairing equipment of the Luabo Sugar
Mills, which was damaged last year in an armed bandit attack. The men in
question are Malcom Blakey and John O'Connell, a British and Irish national,
respectively. [Text] [Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1030 GMT 2 Aug
85 MBI

CSO: 3400/821

29



JPRS*SSA*85+080
2 September 1985

CHAD

JOINT COMMISSION WITH CAR ON LIVESTOCK MIGRATION, OTHER ISSUES
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 3 Jul 85 p 4

[Text] The joint Chad-Central African Republic - CAR [Central African
Republic] commission that began its session in Bangui on 25 June ended on 28
June after 3 days of intense work. This meeting, in which a strong Chadian
delegation led by Korom Ahmed, secretary of state for foreign affairs and
cooperation, participated, was devoted mainly to measures for implementing the
agreements reached between the two states last year at Moundou. At that time,
the two parties had broadly outlined the main principles of their relations.

This year in Bangui, the most urgent problem that the two delegations tried to
solve was that of stock raising. Pushed by the drought, Chadian stock raisers
have taken their stock further and further south in Chad and even into
northern CAR. Since these two regions contain protected parks, the commission
decided it was necessary to make a decision designating pasture areas. As
part of the same concern to control movement of stock, the decision
establishes that stock markets must be located in the interior of each of the
two countries, several tens of kilometers from the border. The veterinary and
livestock products marketing experts of the two countries are to meet as soon
as possible to draw up joint plans for effective application of this decision.

On the other hand, concrete measures have been taken in regard to poaching,
and specific provisions regarding movement of goods and persons. The
commission also discussed the problem of the security of Chadians who have
taken refuge in the CAR. The agreement provides for periodic meetings between
the border authorities to find a solution to any possible development.

A meeting is planned for the end of July in Ndjamena between Chadian and CAR
experts in regard to air transport. The meeting will enable drawing up
measures to combat unlicensed air taxis and to arrange flight schedules for
the two national airlines that will better correspond to international flights
leaving Ndjamena and Bangui.

9920
CSO: 3419/477

13



ANTI-APARTHEID BILL THREAT TO FRIENDSHIP WITH U.S.
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Aug 85 p 13

[Article by Erik Larsen]

[Text]

A LEADING South
African academic and
expert on American
studies has warned that
the enactment of the
compromise Anti-
Apartheid Act in the
United States this year
will mean an end to
amicable relations be-
tween South Africa
and the US.

Professor Carl Noffke,
director of the Institute of
American Studies at the
Rand Afrikaans Universi-
ty, said yesterday that the
Bill, to go before the US
Senate next month, was
“an act of diplomatic and
economic warfare against
South Africa.”

The man largely re-
sponsible for its prepara-
tion, Mr Steven Solarz, is
in South Africa. He leav-
es tomorrow after a “fact-
finding” tour.

“The American Con-
gress is, through this Bill,
trying to influence the
course of South African
history,” said Prof
Néffke.

Pressure
It was almost certain
that the Senate would
pass the Bill next month
and when, because of

public pressure, President
Ronald Reagan would
also sign it, although he
was opposed to economic
action against SA.

“Once this Bill is pass-
ed it will be impossible to
restore normal relations
between South Africa and
the United States,” Prof
Néffke said.

The law, dubbed the
Compromise Bill and
titled “Anti-Apartheid
Action Act of 1985”, has
already been passed by
the House of Representa-
tives in the US.

Its implications are,
according to Prof Noffke,
far more serious for South
Africa and far-reaching
than originally thought.

The main thrust of the
Bill is a call for economic
sanctions against South
Africa if significant pro-
gress has not been made
towards ending apartheid
before January 1987,

“The President shall,
by means of both bi-lat-
eral and multi-lateral ne-
gotiations with other na-
tions, develop appropri-
ate multi-lateral econom-
ic sanctions against the
Government of South

Africa,” the Bill recom-

mends.

57

JPRS@SSA%85°080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Sanctions
These sanctions
should be imposed within
12 months after the enact-

, ment of this Act, but not

later than January 1,

1987,

The Bill calls on the US

President to submit a re-
port to Congress — a year
after the enactment of the
Act and at yearly inter-
vals thereafter — on the
progress of negotiations
with other nations on
economic sanctions
against South Africa.

This report must con-
tain a detailed assessment
of exports to South Africa
from other countries of
computers and other
technology.

The President must
also submit a report to the
Speaker of the House of
Representatives and the
chairman of the Commit-
tee on Foreign Relations
of the Senate — a year

after the enactment of
this Act and at yearly in-
tervals thereafter — on
the extent to which signi-
ficent progress has been
made towards scrapping
apartheid, including:



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

VICTORIA FALL COUNCIL SEAT SPLIT--ZANU-PF and PF-ZAPU shared seats equally

in the Victoria Falls town council by-elections held on Saturday. The town
council secretary, Comrade (Martin Gasela), said both parties won two seats
each. The ruling party won the seats in the low-density suburbs and PF-ZAPU

won in the high density areas. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English
0600 GMT 6 Aug 85 MB]

csO: 3400/821 END

126


JPRS*SSA%85°080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

APPLE COMPUTER CO DEPARTURE--The world's second largest computer manufacturer
Apple is pulling out of South Africa for political reasons. A company spokes-
person says it has been considering the move for some time but the final
decision was hastened by the declaration of a state of emergency. He goes

on to say that Apple does not want to be associated with what is happening

in South Africa. However, competitors accused Apple of making a political
virtue out of economic neeessity as its sales have dropped badly. American
computer giant IBM says it has no intention of following Apple's lead. A
leading official of IBM says they are here to stay. [Text] [Umtata Capital
Radio in English 0700 GMT 4 Aug 85 MB]

SCHOOL BOYCOTTS, VIOLENCE CONTINUES--Violence and boycotts involving schools
and other educational institutions have been reported from various parts of
South Africa. There has been unrest in at least three Durban townships, and
Carmel Rickard reports that the Lamontville school had. been. closed as a re-
sult of confrontations between police and pupils. [Richard] Lamontville high
school principal, (Philip Ndzobe), said that two police officers came to his
school this morning. They asked him whether there were any problems at the
school. He told them everything was normal, and they left shortly afterwards.
As they did so, he noticed there were several other police officers on the
school grounds. Then pupils began stoning the police, who allegedly fired
teargas at them. The headmaster said chaos broke out, and he had to close
the school. He said he was unhappy at the police coming onto the school
campus, because he had not invited them in, and the whole school had been
disrupted. Police in Pretoria commented that in terms of the Police Act,
they were free to go wherever it was necessary. According to police in Pre-
toria, there were three stone-throwing incidents in Lamontville. In Kwamashu
this morning, there has been stone-throwing, and a bus has been gutted. In
Umlazi, buses have been stoned, and a delivery vehicle set alight. [Text]
[Umtata Capital Radio in English 1100 GMT 5 Aug 85 MB]

OPINION POLL ON MIXED. MARRIAGES ACT--Johannesburg, 5 Aug (SAPA)--Urban white
South African s have mixed feelings regarding the recent abolition of the
Mixed Marriages and Immorality Acts. A recent Gallup. Poll, conducted by the
Markinor research groups among 1,000 urban whites, reveals that 51 per cent
approved of the lifting of the sex-race bar, while 47 per cent disapprove.
However, there are great differences of opinion within the various language
and income groups, and in different metropolitan areas. Only 35 per cent of
Afrikaners support the move compared with 65 per cent of English-speaking

110


JPRS*SSA*85~080
2 September 1985

STELLENBOSCH PETITIONED TO OPEN UNIVERSITY--Cape Town, 31 Jul, SAPA--A
Stellenbosch Univesrity student is petitioning for a referendum to test stud-
ents' opinion on opening the universitytoall races. Final-year industrial
engineering student, Mr Gerhard Smit, began his campaign on Monday and hoped
to have 1,000 signatures by today. The petition, supported so far by more
than 500 students of the Afrikaans-medium university, states: "We, members
of the student body, express our concern at the political crisis. We be-
lieve it is our duty to try, to the best of our ability, to make reconcilia-
tion possible between South Africa's people. Accordingly, we ask for a re-
ferendum to test the principles of the student body relating to the

academic and social opening-up of the university." He needed at least 1,000
signatures before a referendum would be called by the student's representa—
tive council, Mr Smit said. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1338 GMT

31 Jul 85 MB]

KENDAL POWER STATION--The Titaco Group has won its third Escom contract for
the installation of the low-pressure services for the R3,600-million Kendal
power station. The R14-million contract calls for feeding systems for the
boiler and turbine sets. The piping will carry diesel oil, water, compressed
air and effluent. About 50km of piping will be used, and there will be

65 pumps and 3,500 valves. At one stage it was thought that the government's
tight monetary policies would delay the start of work at Kendal, the latest
dry-cooling station in the Escom network. The Titaco Group's association
with Escom was cemented after the company's success in bidding for the
low-pressure systems and services at Tutuka. The contract was worth
R25-million. The new contract will be handled through Titica Contracting.
[By Don Robertson] [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES [Business] in English

4 Aug 85 p 15]

ALUSAF COMPUTER SYSTEM--Alusaf, the R375-million a year aluminium producer
expects to save R2.5-million annually on its plant maintenance bill with the
installation of a computer system. The R1l.1-million Hewlett-Packard~based
computer system, called Alumips, is being installed. Alusaf will use it to
schedule maintenance jobs more efficiently, make better use of scarce skilled
manpower, cut repair material stocks and improve purchasing. Alusaf believes
that improved maintenance of the R450-million plant will lengthen its life.
Alusaf expects the system to cut spares and consumable store holdings from
R8.4-million to R5.2 million, saving R40,000 a year in interest and increas-
ing stock turn. Roy Hulton, Alusaf's general manager, finance, says:

"If we can reduce our spares use by a conservative 2 percent a year, we will
save another R768,000. We expect that by improving our buying decisions

by 2 percent we can get a similar saving." The system is expected to improve
labour productivity by at least 5 percent on a R9-million a year maintenance
wage bill, saving an estimated R445,000. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES
[Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 30]

PRODUCTION RECORD--Sappi's major expansion project at Ngodwana in the Eastern
Transvaal has achieved a production record. The plant notched up 1,604 tons
of products in a day, beating the previous record of 1,200 tons. Production
was made up of 990 tons of pulp, 350 tons of newsprint and 264 tons of kraft
linerboard. An international laboratory has passed the Ngodwana pulp as being
prime, which means that Sappi can export pulp from the mill in the knowledge
that it compete with the best in the world. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES
[Business] in English 4 Aug 85 p 30]

112


‘Whites Historical Role'
Australia-RSA 'Contact' Favored
Survey Shows Public Skeptical

TANZANIA
Briefs
Bulgarian-Tanzanian Economic Session
UGANDA
Briefs
Government Reportedly Detains Journalist
ZAIRE

Belgian Military Training Cooperation Reported
(VOX, 30 May 85)... ...cccceccccescceeccccecssceesaceeecces

Graduation of Civil Guard Class Reported
(ELIMA, 14 Jun BS) eccecnsecccccncccsccecccccsenecesecenece

Chinese Medical Team Ends Mission
(Odio-Ons'Osang; ELIMA, 15-16 Jun 85) ceceecccsccccccevevce

ZIMBABWE

Briefs
Victoria Fall Council Seat Split

114
114
114

115

116

117

122

124

126



PFP'S DRIVE FOR MEMBERS CRITICIZED .

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 24 Jul 85 p 10

[Text ]

cso:

Dispatch Correspondent

CAPE TOWN — The Pro-
gressive Federal Party
had the “audacity” to
canvass coloured mem-
bers of the House of
Representatives in stark
contradiction of their
earlier opposition to the
new constitution, Mr
Desmond Lockey, a
Labour Party MP said
yesterday.

In a statement react-
ing to the PFP’s recent
opening of its first col-
oured branch in Ravens-
mead, Mr Lockey said it
was “significant to note”
that the party did not
recruit black members,
but “only those whom
they can exploit”.

“If Mr Colin Eglin
(PFP, Sea Point) and his
supporters are so sin-
cere, why don’t they
move out of Sea Point
and live on the Cape
Flats?” he asked.

He also reacted to PFP
criticism that the LP
posed only 37 questions
during the first session

of the tricameral Parlia- ,

ment.

3400/883

89

“We are in Parliament
to do a job — we do not-
need answers,” Mr Lock-
ey said. “We have always
been on the wrong side
of apartheid and know
all the answers.

“What has the PFP to
offer the oppressed peo-
ple of South Africa?”

He said the LP had
succeeded in forcing the
government to remove
three cornerstones of
apartheid — the Mixed
Marriages Act, Section
16 of the Immorality Act
and the Prohibition of
Political Interference
Act.

Since its inception, the
PFP had failed to bring
about any change of this
nature, he added.

JPRS*SSA°85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


JPRS#SSA°85*080
2 September 1985

DO NOT MANIPULATE BLACK MIDDLE CLASS SAYS MOSES

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 25

[Text ]

CSO:

AIT WOULD BE a mistake to try to use blacks in

the National Assembly as a “moderate middle class
buffer” between the retention of white privilege and
black aspirations, the Minister of National Health
and Welfare, Mr Moses Katjiuongua, said yester-

day. *

This would be a
cosmetic arrangement

* which had proved a dismal

failure elsewhere —_in
Southern Africa, he said at
the Annual _—_ General
Meeting of the Engineering
Professions Association in

. Windhoek.

: bribery

“A so-called black mid-
dle class, created through
and — marginal
tedistribution of privilege

. and contaminated by a

master-servant mentality,

* is no substitute for using all

the nation’s resources to
create a society of equality
and opportunity for all,
“The crux of the matter
is that blacks want political
power commensurate with

their number and a share in:

the national. wealth and

: have no interest in equality

which is only confined to”

* multiracial rugby and foot-

ball teams.” .
Mr Katjiuongua said
that to bring about real

3400/892

change, most if not all of

the vestiges of apartheid
had to be uprooted im:
mediately. :

One of the first things to
be doné was to agree in
principle on the immediate
demolition of Proclamation
AG 8.

The credibility of the
new government would de-
pend on the perception of
the people of the country
and. the outside world of
the Government’s capacity
to bring about change in
the lives of the majority of
Namibians.

It would also depend on
the extent to which the
Government was seen to
be relatively autonomous
from the policies of the
South African Govern-
ment. :

“To say that we must br-
ing about change is not to
say that change must be
based on the law of the
jungle — it must be

34

Jul 85 p 3

‘organised “change,” chiange;

which is carefully planned |
and executed.” )

Mr Katjiuongua called
for a National Develop-
ment programme which
would include:

@ land reform ‘and the
creation - of irrigation
schemes. to grow
vegetables and corn;

@ reduction of unemploy-
ment through anti-illiteracy
campaigns;

@ improved education to
create employment oppor-
tunities in low cost labour’
intensive industries;

@ Extended health ser-
vices including mobile
health units of doctors and
paramedics; and,

@ the creation of business
parks to help develop small
business and relieve un-
employment.

NAMIBIA



This requires those responsible for teaching and instruction to
adapt the content of their courses regularly, allowing them to
exercise their qualities of initiative, imagination, and energy.
Living Conditions

Proper housing is guaranteed for cooperating technical person-
nel.

The houses are spacious, and relatively large by comparison with
European houses.

Whereas the water supply is virtually certain in Kananga, the
supply of electricity is the number one problem,

The living quarters have power for an average 5 to 7 hours per
day.

Electrical generators have been provided by the military com-
mand,

A personnel auxiliary generator often proves useful,
Among leisure activities in Kananga, sports take pride of place.

Hunting is open to those who have a jeep, a rifle, ammunition,
and a hunting permit.

The Katende falls (with drops in level over a stretch of 17 km)
on the Lulua are a spectacle not to be missed.

After traveling over unforgettable trails, a tranquil "healing"
lake can be seen, 90 km from Kananga.

Extended weekends make it possible to enjoy fishing, canoeing,
water skiing, sailing, and swimming.

One of the wonders of the world, Lake FWA, is 40 km from Lake
Mukanga.

9824
CSO: 3419/456

121



JPRS*SSA*85*080
2 September 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MILITARY, POLICE USING WEST GERMAN EQUIPMENT

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 8 Aug 85 p 4

[Text] | BONN. — Equipment in- "Mercedes Benz Uni-
cluding helicopters sold to mog trucks delivered to
South Africa: by West South Africa were con-
German companies is be- verted to various military
ing used by the military and police uses, the pro-
and the police, a tele- gramme said, They in-
vision documentary cluded South Africa’s Sa-
charged yesterday. mil-20 troop transporters,

“A significant part of Buffalo fighting vehicles,
South Africa’s military Valkiri_rocket-launchers
and police equipment and Casspir armoured
comes from the Federal ' trucks,

Republic of Germany”, The programme quoted
the programme “Moni- a Finance — Ministry
tor” alleged, spokesman as __ saying

. West Germany had ap-

It said the Munich- proved these exports be-
based aerospace giant, cause “end-use cannot be
Messerschmitt Boelkow controlled and should not
Bloehm (MBB), had re- determine whether a
cently delivered four BO- product is classed as mili-
105 and one BK-117 heli- tary or civilian”. — Sapa-
copters to South Africa, Reuter.

which it said were being
used by police to put
down riots.
The exports were ap- _ . _
proved by the Bonn Fi-
nance Ministry on the
grounds that the aircraft
were for civilian use, it
said.

CSO: 3400/887

96


;dent that instituted the

Transitional Government
‘made provision for an ex-
ecutive authority and a
legislative assembly and
‘was therefore of a con-
stitutional nature.

In the same way, AG8
made = provision —for
Representative Authorities
with executive bodies and
legislative assemblies.

“There is no essential
difference in the nature of
the two laws,” Mr Mudge
said. -

He said that if the argu-
ment continued then the in-
terpretation of lawyers
should be sought,

cso: 3400/892

37