But black workers have become a permanent part of South Africa's industrial
society, with their own culture, demands, views and expectations. We must
accommodate them.

In the past management, and to a large extent trade union leaders as well,
have hidden behind legislation and government policy...and often behind
"legislations" which have never existed. They have used this as an excuse
for settling matters between themselves.

Professor Wiehahn said that the loss to the state has been too much; things
like the training and advancement of black workers, the preservation of
labor peace and the arrangements for racial harmony.

As an illustration he said that in 1978-79 job reservations covered only 3
percent of all positions. There was very little in the way of blacks to fill
higher positions, but in practice there were very few of them in management
positions.

Professor Wiehahn said that people's attitudes with respect to change has now
become very important.

He said that because the state has changed its legislation and policy and
the companies have also adjusted their policies, resistance against change
has diminished.

However, there is a need to be realistic. In times of recession, such as now,
promotion and employment policies tend to become more conservative.

Professor Wiehahn is of the opinion that in the short run the recession has
lessened the chances of labor unrest among the black workers. Job security
is going to be a very important item in negotiations.

In the subsequent recovery in the economy South Africa will be having
another serious shortage in trained workers...but this situation will improve
with the training of the coloreds. He said that South Africa will then be
less dependent on immigrants.

Trade unions are going to be more sophisticated in their negotiations with
managements and to a certain extent they are going to expand their activities
into the social and political field and will attempt to force changes on a
wide front.

He predicted that international companies will especially come under pressure

to promote more blacks. Whites who are opposed to this may then look for
other jobs, but this will be a short-term problem.

7964
csO: 4701/104

55



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

SCHOOLCHILDREN OFF TO BULGARIA--Ten Zimbabwean primary school pupils left
Harare last night to attend the International Children's Assembly--the
"Banner of Peace"--in Bulgaria, Hundreds of children from many countries
will take part in the assembly organised by the Bulgarian government, They
will display handicrafts, paintings and perform cultural dances and plays.
Bidding farewell yesterday were (from left) front row: Oscar Gweshe
(Dzivaresekwa), Donatd Chenje (Gillingham), Petros Mudzengere (Yamuranai),
Aaron Machingura (Nharira), Middle row: Fatima Whiskey (Rugare) next to
the Deputy Minister of Edueation (Primary), Senator Tsitsi Munyati., Back
row: Gibson Chinyangara (Mutiunokora), Ester Bwanya (Chitsere), Emma Ndaruza
(Zengeza), Miriam Tafira (Kudzanai), Albert Machando (Tamuka) and the teacher
accompanying the group, Cde Emma Gweshe (Gillingham). The group returns on
August 28, [Text [Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Aug 82 p 3]

ZANU (PF) RALLIES<-Two ZANU (PF) rallies in support of the census will be
held tomorrow. Cabinet ministers will address meetings in Hippo Valley and
Mashanjere to persuade people to support the exercise, The Deputy Minister
of Rodds and Road Traffic and theparty's Victoria provincial chairman,

Cde Nelson Mawema said those attending would be told that new party cards
which were now available would be used as admission tickets to all future
rallies.--zIs [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Aug 82 p 1]

POWER PROBE--West Germany is to finance an Institute of Energy Development

to research Zimbabwe's long-term energy requirements. This follows discussion
this week by visiting West German parliamentarians Dr Manfred Vohrer and
Professor Karl-Heinz Hernues with Government officials on future cooperation
between the two countries, As part of the project expected to start next
year, West Germany would finance feaxibility studies on the electrification
of rural growth points and on the use of urban garbage for energy. At a
Press conference in Harare yesterday the parliamentarians who came to see how
West German aid--totalling about $83 million since independence--had been
used, said they were impressed with what they had seen, Projects for which
money had already been set aside this year include $1,6 million towards the
establishment of the National Vocational Training and Development’ Centre'and
$1,9 million to set up a department of mining engineering atthe University of
Zimbabwe, Dr Vohrer said West Germany would not encourage the recruitment

of expatriates from that country as it was expensive and would rather see

a policy where trained people within the country were encouraged to stay.

119



READERS REACT VARIOUSLY TO COUP ATTEMPT

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 14 Aug 82 p 7

[text]

PERHAPS we, Kenyans, have
lived in peace for such a long time
that we have almost taken this
situation for granted.

Now, following the tragic
events of August 1, when KAF
rebels- abortively’ attempted to
take over the Government, there
seems to be a strong case for the
establishment of a people’s
militia to protect the nation in
times of national danger, Our
people should be trained in the
art of war just as they are drilled
in the art of peace and liberty.

There is much truth in the,
adage: ‘‘If you want peace
prepare for war”. I, therefore,
suggest that the training of our
youth in military skill should be
instititionalised. All . Kenyans
should be enlisted in military
service for a satisfactory period
after being secondary school edu-
cation.

How I wished I could hold a
gun on that Sunday and fight
alongside our heroes who shed
their blood to liberate our people
from the plundererg of our land!
ithinji wa Chege,

Nairobi.

ee .
THE attempted military
takeover by rebel KAF officers
and the subsequent chaos,
bloodshed, lawlessness arfd
looting is a grim reminder of the
terror and anarchy that could be

unleashed in this country in the-

of a successful coup.

That the rebels’ success was.

shortlived is not only a sign of
loyalty the Kenya Army, Navy,
General Service Unit, Police and
Administration Police have .in
President Moi, wananchi. and
their country, but it is also a sign
that God is with Kenya.
"LT wonder what these greedy
power-seekers wanted which is’
not provided to them. They get
free food, clothes, “big salaries
houses and all allowances.

I believe there was a super-
power behind the rebels, either
within or outside our republic.
The hooligans should not go scot-
free. The ring-leaders should also
be made known to the public.

Davies ole Koyiaki,
Nakuru.

Sal

AS was evident’in the streets of
Nairobi, wanton destruction of
property and looting showed the
progress that has’ taken this
country 19 years to achieve would
have been destroyed had the coup
succeeded. :
Abubakar Kiptangat,
Limuru.

ee

CONGRATULATIONS to our
Nyayo forces for their quick
action in suppressing rebel.
elements of the Kenya Air Force.
To add insult to injury, the
University of Nairobi. students
collaborated with the dissidents.

21

KENYA



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



Some Errors Expected

Salisbury THE HERALD in English 16 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

CENSUS chief Cde Joseph Mapon-
dera has asked flat dwellers to
Jeave their completed census forms
with the caretakers.

Speaking in Harare on the eve of
the big count, he said other flat
@wellers could leave the forms
stuck outside their doors to ensure
that everyone could be counted.

“All around the country, the
‘eensus enumeration exercise is now’
in top gear, ready to take off. We
gre awaiting for the whole nation
to respond tomorrow,” Cde Mapon-
dera said. _ td

All the last-minute hitches had
been cleared and today the census
machinery would move into action
simultaneously throughout _ the
country. The census would end on
August 27, as originally planned.

In Harare the President’s family
will be among the first people to be
counted when the enumerators call
at State House this morning.

Cde Mapondera appealed to
householders to keep their dogs on
a leash between 6.30 am and 7.30
pm from today until the end of the
census.

“But i anyone calls at your
house after 7.30 pm saying he is a
census enumerator, do not open
your door for him,” he added.

‘The big count would be a major
test of national unity and unity in
development because the Govern-
ment had now set itself an econo-
mic task, which made it necessary
to keep ahead of social needs.

He reminded census team leaders
that no payment would be made for
slipshod work. But he also appealed
te people not counted to report at
their nearest district offices, or, for
those -in Harare, to the census
headquarters.

He was also confident that

115

enumerators recruited at the last
minute. and who received their
training on Saturday would be able
to cope with the exercise. Most of
the other enumerators had been
trained for two days to equip them
for the enumeration exercise.

He refused to believe that there
would be errors because some of
the enumerators had received only
one day’s training. ,

“Those trained at the weekend
should be able to execute their
duties because they were chosen for
their qualifications. The question-
naires _are_not difficult to complete
for Uterate people and this is why
we chose teachers.”

Information would eventually be
published according to school age
population, age and sex distribution
and general population distribution.
“This way, the Government will
be able to know how many schools
are needed in which areas.”

A social and demographic sérvice
unit would be set up to monitor
development pro; measure
the extent of progress and report to
‘the Government,

“This demographic unit will en-

hance accountability of the Govern-
ment’s programmes.”
@ The man in charge of Zimbabwe's
big population count in Matabeleland
said yesterday he intended keeping
his enumerators on their toes dur-
ing the 10-day exercise, our Bula-
wayo correspondent reports.

Cde Jacob Mudenda, under-secre-
tary for Local Government, Housing
and Town Planning in the province,
says he will be using an aircraft to
make spot checks on his people in
the field. :

As well ss dropping in on the
enumerators, Mr Mudenda will also
be in constant radio contact with
his teams. .



By adhering to the idea
that the Soviet Union is
aiming its foreign policy
principally at- Southern
Afric it

and especially at -

a,
the last bastion of “C!
tian Western. civilisation”
there, may be flattering,
but it is wrong.

Tt is, in its way, the politi-

of the Ptolemaic history of
the universe. The planet,
the sun and the stars do not

earth.

nent in

thinking. - .

It may be comforting for
Pretoria’s collective egos
to know that they rule over.
such an important patch of

superpower

earth. And it may be useful :

politically to justify sacri-
and the a of
policies this citizenry
might otherwise reject.
But, at base, a policy predi-

cated on error is bound to

fail.

There is, ironically, an
historical parallel in the
early history of the Bolshe-
vik state. In the early 1920s,
the Bolshevik ideologues
came up with the concept
of “capitalist encircle-
ment”. There was just

enough truth to it to lend it.

credibility.

The Soviet state tried to
picture itself as an innocent
victim of foreign interven-
tion and hostility.

Tt might have been a.

National Party spokesman
complaining that “our ac-
tions, which are designed to
settle and stabilise rela-
tions, to create more last-
ing and peaceful relations,
are misinterpreted by our
enemies in a reverse sense
and serve as an excuse for
calumnies against us and.
for the accusation that we

cso: 4700/1815

have aggressive and annex-
ationist aims”.

It was not! It was Soviet
Foreign Minister Chicherin
in 1925.

Everything else in those
days was made relative to
‘the pivotal “fact” of cap-
italist encirclement. Lenin
had decreed that “all the-
events of world politics are
inevitably concentrating
around one central point,
namely, the struggle of the
world bourgeoisie - against
the Soviet Russian Repub-
lic”. The Comintern repeat-
ed this line endlessly.

All was subordinated to”
the struggle to’ avoid the

full blast of capitalist
encirclement.

‘There were occasional
variations on the theme, to
play up divisions amon the
capitalists and the need for
“peaceful coexistence”.
But, until the 1950s, the
USSR justified the reten-
tion of dictatorship and in-
ternal repression by stress-
ing the menace of
capitalism on the doorstep.

Stalin, especially, fation-
alised the “organs of sup-
pression”, namely, the Red
‘Army and the secret police,
on the grounds that “as long
as there is capitalist encir-
clement there will be dan-
ger of intervention with all

1e consequences that flow
from that danger”.

In accordance with that
ideology and from that
time on, all internal opposi-
tion, including that from
within the Communist Par-
ty itself, has consistently
been portrayed as an agent
for the foreign capitalist
forces of reaction.

, Abhor

Through the years, there
has been ample evidence

64

that the menace confront-
ing Soviet society from be-
yond the borders is founded
not on the actual intensity
and depth of foreign an-
tagonism to communism
and the Soviet Union, but on
the domestic need to ra-
tionalise high levels of mili-
tary preparedness, Soviet
expansionism and the con-
tinuation of dictatorship at
home.

If. what has been said
about capitalist encircle-
ment has a ring of familiar-
ity, look out. I would be the
first to admit that histori-
cal analogy is the hob;
of pedants. All that I wish
to point out is that the Sovi-
et Union has used the for-
eign menace to pursue do-
mestic and foreign policies
we all abhor.

Alarming

I fear that there is a
temptation in Pretoria to
fasten on to the hostility of
neighbouring states (hostil-
ity, it must be borne in
mind, that grows out of
South Africa’s own domes-
tic racial arrangements)
for a triple purpose.

First, it is used to dis-
credit domestic opposition.

Second, it is employed to

ersuade South Africa’s
estern friends and associ-
ates that Pretoria’s policies
are worth supporting.
__ Third, it would seem to
justify the militarisation of
segments of the society

It was Comrade A If Ry-

kov who said “the actual

strength of the armed
the

tacks on the workers’
state”.

In 1976, Lieutenant-Gen-

eral J P “Jack” Dutton, of
the SADF, put it this way:
“In the final instance this
threat (from outsiders) is
aimed not at our material
possessions — but at our
ery existence ... our de-
fence capability remains a
prerequisite to our
survival.”

Total onslaught may well
be believed by those in pow-
er and by many others.
That is not the it. Rath-
er, once accepted, such a
perspective limits the
range of policy options.

“Total onslaught” are
words enunciated as if they
were incantations against
evil spirits There is a dan-
ger that they may be in-
voked to prompt South Af;
ricans, to react in pre-
planned fashion to signals
rather than to realities.

Nearly as alarming, they
may become cynical about
“total onslaught” because
they know by direct experi-
ence that if such an on-
slaught were to be un-
leashed, it would amount to
more than widespread
criticism and isolation
abroad, more than 100 inci-
dents a month in the oper
ational area (most of which
are initiated by the security
forces themselves), and far
more domestic unrest.

Hence, they may start to
disbelieve anything the
government may tell them
about the theeat from

ides itself on being criti-
cal and engaged politically.

When incantations bring
about the desired automat-
ice res) then a people
have lost their capacity to
contribute creatively to
their own foreign policy
future.



MAJOR CHANGES THROUGHOUT FINANCIAL SECTOR EXPECTED

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 p 1

[Article by Elizabeth Rouse]

[rext]

MAJOR changes throughout South Afri-

ca’s_ R100.000-million financial. sector

can be expected following the introduc-

tion of a vast new information network

in which virtually all the country’s insti-'
tutions will participate. csp
~ Fourteen major competing institutions, whose’
activities span the full range of financial services

available to the public, have pooled their know- .
how and resources to commission a large-scale,
ongoing survey to determine how South Africa’s

householders manage their financial affairs.

When the information is fed into.a computer data”
bank, institutions will have a wealth of information
about the demands and needs of the community and a
wealth of data for identifying trends., wide LRT SE
wal real change! in Bose
wel cl in
cial consumer attitudes that”

It will result in better utilisation of instutitonal

the scientific computer age.
of gal consumer needs in
the following ways: 3
@ It will provide the base for
fine-tuning all services to”
competition among various
institutions in the free-mar-
ket concept. iu
@ It will enable financial in-*
stitutions to plan their ser~’
vice, marketing and adver-
tising strategies on a
scientific basis in an econom-.
ic climate in which competi-
tion is. extremely stiff for
available savings and invest-

ment funds...

funds designated for marketing and advertising.
Theoretically it should eliminate multi-million
[word illegible) advertising "flops."

Called the Index of Financial Institutions (IFI),
the extensive survey is being undertaken by Market
Research South Africa (MRA,) whose canvassers will
be probing the financial details and opinions of
around 2 500 households representing more than 6 000
individuals throughout the country over the next
three months,

The first report is expected to be completed by
the end of January next year,

75



number and turnover of smaller esta-
blishments (with less than 10 work-
ers) according to HASIDA’s (Handi-
crafts and Small Scale Industries De-
velopment Agency). latest surveys
(1979 and 1980) they number about
180. - -
The establishments under the Mi-
nistry of Agriculture ere. run by its
autonomous organ, that is, the For-
estry and Wildlife. Conservation and

Development Authority (FWCDA).

The majority of the establishments
currently run by FWCDA are saw-
mills (19) with the remaining (2)
being joineries and small scale furni-
ture activities. The Forest Products
Marketing and Processing Corpore-
tion is entrusted with their administ-
ration. - . ‘ .

On the other hand those sstablish-
ments coming under the Ministry of
Industry — that is, those under the
Ethiopian Woodworks Corporation —-
comprise 10 enterprisés including
sawmoilling (5) and wood besed pen
els (plywood, particle board and-fiber-
board), joinery and farnitere manu-

The total production of the indu-
otey is estimated at about 40 million
Birr with a value added at market
price of about 21 million Birr, -

, The capacity of ‘the sawmills cur
rently in operation is estimated at
about 220,000 cubic metres ‘of logs
per annum. However their actual log
consunsption does not exceed 150,000
cubic metres of logs in line with the
rational utilization of forest resour
ces poliey of the Government.

The majority of-them have been
im operation for more than 20-30
years and were already old or second
hand when they were installed. They
are also dispersed and often still lo
cated far from the current foresi re-
source arcas, Thése negative factors
coupled with the absence of saw:

11

doctoring capability has made their
production level. low.

The low performance of the saw-
mills and the need for the economic
use of the scarce forest resourte has
thus called for the critical examina-
tion of the sawmilling activity in the
counry incuding, among others, of
closing down some of them, introduc:
tion of an efficient maintenance sys-
tem and saw-doctoring and the con
sideration of installing new or mod-
ern mills at strategic forest sites.

Plywood is; curently, being pros,
duced in the country by the Ethiopi-
‘an Enterprises (Plywood) Factory's
branch plants located at Jimma and -
Addis Ababa.. Although the original
production capacity of these plants
is said to have been about 6,000 cubic
metres per annum, their present pro-
duction, including the seat and back
produced by the Addis Ababa plant,
is about 2,600 cubic metres only due
to. number of drawbacks including
obsolete machinery, frequent mecha-
nical breakdown, periodic shortage of
logs and lack of skilled manpower.
Such drawbacks, however, are more
persistent at the Addis Ababa plant,
Consequently’ a study regarding its
rehabilitation and relocation has been
prepared. The project study recom-
mends the erection of a-peeling lathe
in Sigmo (Iubabor Administrative
Region) area which, is rich in the
preferred species and the integration
of the subsequent stages in plywood
production (i.e. drying, pressing ets.)
with that already existing in Jimma.
Total investment cost of the project
is estimated at about Birr 9.5 million.
The incremental output foreseen is
about 3,506 cubic metres or 3.6 mil
lion Birr per annum.

Particle hoard is produced by ECA-
FCO (Ethiopian Chipwood and Fur-



cso:

4700/1815

As:a member. for. the
Lawyers - for . Human
Rights Group, Mr Mar
cus believes that . the
Demo Act is the last
nail in the coffin
the right to pescet
protest.

“In any political sys-
tem the right to de
monstrate peacefully is
of fundamental import
ance.. Without it, it is
virtually impossible for
the citizens to influ-
ence political’ deci-
sions.” '

The State clampdown
on open-air meetings
under the Riotous As-
semblies Act was an

emergency “measure:

introguced in 1976, but
bas been renewed each
successive year.

This left a slim way
open for single. demon-
strators, but this avenue
has now also been par-

losed with the
Demonstration Prohibi-
tion Act. Mr Marcus
ovserves: “The result
ef eutting off peaceful
channels of protest has
been ‘an’ escalation of

70

violence.

‘One wonders
whether this Act is not
yet another ver-
reaction by a govern-
ment embarrassed by
the. solitary protests of

parents whose children
i avé been detained
without trial for
months on end.”

Mrs: Sheena Duncan,
vice-president: of the,
Black-.Sash, says: T
would be ‘sympathetic
if thought the purpose
of the legislation was to
maintain. peace and
quiet for the. operation
of the courts. _

“But as usual the
Government uses a con-
cept like. that and
turns it into a repres-
sive measure.”

In. a final thrust of
the. legislative knife,
the . Act provides for
the use of force in the
dispersal of the’demon-
strators, including the
use - of: firearms, if
necessary. *



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

MACHEL SAYS RSA WHITES 'NOT ENEMIES'--President Samora Machel of Mozambique
says the whites of South Africa, the Boers, are not the enemies of Mozambique
but are Africans’like the peoples of Mozambique. Addressing a congress of
the Frelimo ruling party in Maputo he said his country did not pose an
economic or military threat to South Africa. The Mozambique News Agency,
AIM, quoted him as saying that no sensible person could think that an
undeveloped nation like Mozambique could be a threat to South Africa.
President Machel is quoted as saying that Mozambique would respond to South
African threats by forming armed people's militia. AIM said the congress
voted to postpone until next year party elections due this year. The news
agency said in a statement by the South African minister of defense, Gen
Magnus Malan, that South Africa could not allow a concentration of sophisti-
cated weapons by Mozambique on the common border and was seen in Maputo

as a veiled threat of an attack against Mozambique [sentence as heard].

AIM quotes President Machel as saying apartheid is the real enemy. [Text ]
[LD241018 Johannesburg International Service in English 0300 GMT 24 Aug 82]

cso: 4700/1812

28



SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY REPORTED

Harare THE HERALD in English 19 Aug 82 p 17

[text]

THE Ministry of In-
dustry aad Energy De-
velopment is to show
people throughout the
country how biogas and
other new and renew-
able energy sources can
he used.

The assistant director
in the department for the
development of new and
renewable energy resour-
ces, Dr Ronnie Chiviya,
told the Mashonaland
branch of the Solar Ener-
gy Society of Zimbabwe
in Harare on Tuesday:

“We are. hoping to start
the project next. month
and we will do so with
financial assistance from
the European Economic
Community.” ~

Energy problems were
aot regional and should be
tackled globally. Zimba-
bwe was taking part in
world energy conferences
and the development of
energy in SADCC coun-
tries because of the great
importance .of energy de-
velopment.

“World energy con-
sumption is very uneven,
with the lon’s share go-
ing to industrialised coun-
tries.

“Tt ig therefore impos-
sible for developing coun-
tries to make much pro-
gress towards develop-
ment unless they change
their patterns of energy
consumption,” said Dr
Chiviya.

99

It was important to de-
velop alternative indige-
nous sources of energy,
particularly solar energy
for which Zimbabwe's
climate was ideal.

“A significant indus-
trial base for the develop-
ment of solar energy was
established in the country
after the escalation of
world oil prices in 1973.

“With the edvent of
solar silicon cell techno-
logy, we are assessing the
economic viability of solar
‘photovoltaic systems in
aa ig our rural en-
ergy ' requirements for
water pumping, communi-
cations, lighting and re-
trigeration,”. he said.

There were also many
possibilities for using bie-
gas. It could be used in
gas-burning appliances
for cooking, lighting, re-
frigeration and to replace
diesel engines.

Biogas could reduce the
demand for fuelwood and
charcoal, leading to the
conservation of wood re-
sources and the reduction
of desertification.

“The ministry has built
a@ number of. biogas di-
gesters as demonstration
units for the rural people.”

A fuelwood conserva-
tion programme had been
initiated to rum parallel to
afforestation, said Dr
Chiviya. Research into
wood stoves was in pro-

“The exercise will ¢s-
tablish the most fuel-
efficient e design

ZIMBABWE



BETRAYAL DOUBTFUL--Windhoek, 25 Aug (AFP)--South Africa has betrayed no one
in the Namibian independence process, Gen Charles Lloyd, commander in chief
of the South African forces in Namibia, stated on Tuesday. The latest incur-
sions into Angola are only aimed at "the elimination of the SWAPO terrorists,"
he added. "The true enemy of South Africa is the Soviet Union and not SWAPO
which is only its tool," General Lloyd explained. [Text] [AB250925 Paris
AFP in French 0839 GMT 25 Aug 82]

cso: 4719/1338

35



SUCCESS OF CP CONGRESS REPORTED

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 29

{Article by Ivor Wilkins: "How Dr No Invented the Square Wheel, and Was
Pledged Enough Livestock To Start a Farm")

(text]

O.step through the aus-_

tere portals of the Pre-

toria City Hall this

week was to embark
on a journey back through
time to those halcyon days
when ‘the white man was
baas and his view of the
world uncomplicated and
unchallenged.

It was a pageant, a celebra-
tion of a-time and a place in
history when it seemed that the
Afrikaner volk was indeed God’s
chosen race, ordained to carve
out a world where forever the
white man would be lord and the
black man would know his
place.

Quixotic and whimsical as it
undoubtedly was, the congress
this week of the Conservative
Party was also a demonstration
that extreme rightwingery is
alive and flourishing.

With an enthusiasm that will
be the envy of any party operat-
ing today, it beamed a warning
that, among South Africa’s
white electorate, it is a force to
be reckoned with. .

Nationalists, who view the CP
‘with the horrified fascination of
someone with a limb wrenched
off, have been claiming for some
time that, for Dr Andries Treur-
nicht, the honeymoon is over;
that the initial groundswell of
support is losing momentum as
the party loses its novelty.

60

It was difficult to find evi-
dence for that view at this
week’s congress. More than
3000 people drummed their
feet, clapped their hands and
roared their approval at Dr
Treurnicht’s opening meeting.

Next day, an_im-
promptu offer of R100
to the party coffers
loosed a deluge that an
hour later had deliv-
ered pledges of R41 000
in cash and enou;
livestock to change the
words of. the song to
“Qld Doc Andries had a
farm”.

Their opponents will
rightly point out that —..-
the CP policy is nothing more
than the reinvention of the
wheel — and a square wheel at
that.

But, while its programme of
principles defies logic and reali-
ty, it sounds good enough to a
section of whites to produce a
congress like a revivalist rally.
*" Dr Treurnicht and his gran-
ite-faced followers have become
the Billy Grahams of white
conservatism. .

Their appeal reaches a broad
cross-section of the white socio-
economic spread: the’ jammed
car park outside contained
many more late-model Mer-
cedes Benzes, BMWs and Audis
than battered bakkies; the audi-
ence was generally older than
middle aged, but included a
young student and profession:
element as well. ~



WINDHOEK'S PUBLIC RESPONDS TO SMITH'S PLIGHT

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 18 Aug 82 pp 1, 3

[Article by David Pieters]

[text]

SIGHS of relief went up in many
quarters yesterday when it became
known that Mr Hannes Smith, Editor of
the Windhoek Observer, would not be
imprisoned after being convicted on 11
criminal charges brought against him by

the State.

Seventeen cash offers
were made to Mr Smith by
well-wishers who
volunteered to pay the ef-
fective R1-150 fine in a mat
ter of a few hours yester-
day afternoon.

Sentence was announced
at 2 pm.

One Windhoek busines-
sman visited the offices of
the Observer with R2 000
in cash, an exhuberant Mr
Smitli related last night.”

“He said I should pay
the fine and buy myself a
drink with the ‘remaining
R50,” the relieved editor
said.

ly informed the would-be
donor that the paper's
directors had decided the
Board would pay M1
Smith's fine. __

Mr Smith then reported-.

Mr Smith said in his
final plea for mitigation
yesterday morning that he
was told by the Observer's
owners he would have to
pay any fines himself.

This was reported in a
late edition of The Adver-
tiser _ immediately
afterward, triggering —@
stream of cash offers to the
Observer's editor. |

On being sentenced
yesterday afternoon, Mr
Smith asked Magistrate
Hans Visser to grant him
till next week Thursday to
find the money.

The Magistrate fixed
3pm on that day as the
final date.

“However, the fine was

31

promptly paid yesterday
by the paper’s proprietors.
Mr Smith informed the
Court during his plea that
the Observer would grant
any member of the public
proxy to examine the ac-
counts of the Observer, to
allay “allegations that the
paper was being financially
supported by Swapo.
NOT A CENT

“I would be glad if it
were so (that Swapo gave
money to the Observer)
but till now we have not
received a single cent.”

Mr Smith said he was
wrongly suspected of being
an internal agent for
Swapo. _



SOUTH AFRICA

THREAT OF MARXIST ONSLAUGHT LABELLED ‘EXAGGERATION’

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 p 26

{article by Ken Grundy: "The Truth About Total Onslaught"

[rext]

IN South Africa it is not

Even when it. can be!

demonstrated that events
elsewhere might indirectly
affect South Africa or

pe Ff
ne
lg
gieiie

i
f
he
ERE

u) A
u

igi
i

in the language of
“consociationalism”.

Myopia

This concept itself is an
import produced . by the
Dut political scientist,
Professor Arend Lijphart.

Lijphart’s own scholar-
ship originally was not ad-
dressed to South African
matters, but was concen-
‘trated on other multi-eth-
nic ,and multiracial
societies.

‘If consociationalism fig:
ures so prominently
South Africa’s search for a
20th-century dispensation,
does it not also stand to rea-
son.that there may be other
experiences, ideas and
practices out there that
might be helpful for under-
standing South Africa’s for-
eign and domestic
problems?

pear
other peoples and other
time

les.

‘This myopia, this fore-
shortened horizon, also un-
dermines the determina-
tion of a sound foreign
policy for South Africa.

Part of this myopia is re-
flected in the term “total
onslaught” and in its anti-
dote, “total strategy”.

63

Exaggeration

They have become a
‘of South Africa’s mythology
and, as such, they inhibit
the development flexibil-
ity and subtlety in foreign

licy.

Perotal onslaught has be-
come, for South Africa, an
article of faith as well as a
statement of perceived re-
ality. But it is not entirely
related to the realities of
South Africa’s foreign
condition.

Not that there aren’t any
states, including Marxist
and communist, hostile to
the Republic.

There are. But to see
their challenge as a con-

inated thrust

certed, .

aimed chiefly and directly
at the Republic is, at best,
an exaggeration. .

Obsessed

Many: South Africans
to be obsessed with
‘the communist menace toa
point where this fear is tak-
ing on the character of in-
stitutionalised self-decep-
tion or, in other lexicon,
“false consciousness”.
nate worst thing that can

PI ‘a people intellec-
tually is to begin to believe
ideological constructs that
are designed to mislead
others.



cso;

which will be used as a
prototype to wood
stove logy.”

Wind energy was also
being harnessed for pump-
ing water in some parts
of the country. Many
windmills had been erected
and were working satis-
factorily.

Although the Govern-
ment had taken steps to
develop solar energy, it
was still faced with many
problems.

The major problem was
financial. The high capi-
tal cost of solar energy
technology was inhibitive
to development.

“The Government be-
Neves the problem can

only be overcome through

technological improve-
ment, material and manu-
facturing —_‘ development,
coupled with a packa:

of fiscal and other ei
metional measures,” he!

4700/1820

‘There was no infra-
structure, distribution,
supply, maintenance and
service of the aclar energy
systems, while these did
exist for conventional
fuels.

The Government needed.
to develop the necessary
infrastructure 80 that
solar systems could com-
pete with conventional
systems.

It was difficult to
spread awareness of re-
newable energy resources
to the people. Awareness
had .to be promoted re-
garding techniques which
offered more efficient ways
of using renewable sour-
ces.

Technology which would
simultdneously meet the
criteria of low cost, effi-
ciency and reliability is
not yet available,” said
Dr Chiviya. “The Govern-
ment will encourage and
participate in research in
this‘ direction to make
emerging technologies
available to the people.’

100



and Rural Development Authority and other organisations to identify the
problems affecting the development of agriculture in Zimbabwe, he said.
Our London correspondent reports that the CDC has commitments to 48
developing countries totalling 600m, of which b12m is accounted for by
three long-standing investments in Zimbabwe, mainly by a loan to the
Central African Power Corporation, Overall, the CDC has committed 103m
to projects in Central Africa. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English

20 Aug 82 p 3]

BIG PASSPORT DELAY--There is still a‘delay of between three to four months
for new Zimbabwe passports, the Registrar-General, Cde James Chigwedere said
yesterday, "The applications never seem to end and I don't know quite when
we will get on top of this situation," he said. "It seems many more people
are travelling than ever before," However, people with old passports or
those who had to travel urgently would be issued with emergency travel
documents after they lodged completied passport application forms at passport
offices, [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 82 p 11]

CENSUS=TAKERS OPT OUT--Bulawayo, August 11--Two hundred census~takers in
areas of Western Zimbabwe hard-hit by renegade guerrilla violence have
bowed out of next week's population count, the country's first in 13 years.
The Bulawayo Chronicle newspaper reported today that enumerators in the
districts of Inyathi, Nkayi and Binga had withdrawn without warning from
the census scheduled to last 10 days from next Monday, Authorities were
appealing for last-minute replacements, the paper said. The "dissident"
ex-guerrillas--former insurgents from Joshua Nkomo's wartime forces who
have been mustered out of the national army deserted=--have killed some
40 people mainly in the west in six months of upheaval since Mr Nkomo,
leader of the minority ZAPU party, was sacked from the cabinet in February.
Targets have included white farmers, bus drivers, rural’black shopkeepers,
policemen, soldiers and government officials such as extension agents
moving in the countryside, A number of government programmes~~including
building, resettlement and education--have bean-set back as a result,

The census effort, billed by the Robert Mugabe government as essential

for the planning of development projects, has enlisted hundreds of
teachers, local government employees and others as house-to-house head
counters, Teachers are free at present because of national school
holidays. (A.F.P.) [Text] [Paris AFRICA AFP in English 13 Aug 82 p 25]

cso: 4700/1816 END

122



Mr Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Bakr declared himself pleased by the unity he
could see in the FAIS, and appreciated the scope of the projects included in
its program. "The United Arab Emirates Federation will support the realiza~
tion of FAIS projects to the fullest extent possible," he said.

Later that morning, Mr Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Bakr, escorted by FAIS mem—
bers, visited the FAIS headquarters and the site of the future cultural center,
to be financed entirely by Irak and called the Saddam Hussein Cultural Center.
“We have been much impressed by what we have seen in Senegal," the minister
stated. This allows us to be optimistic. as to the dissemination of Islam in
Africa, especially when it is sponsored by organizations like FAIS which, in
this respect, are an example to follow.

9294
CSO: 4719/1304

41



CP MAKES MORE INROADS INTO AFRIKAANS STUDENT POLITICS

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 8

[Article by Tony Weaver]

[Text]

THE Conservative Party has
made further inroads into Afri-
kaans student politics, with CP
supporters this week seizing con-
trol of the University of Pretoria
Students’ Representative Council
(SRC).

This was the first major triumph’ for
the CP in student politics since last
month's Afrikaanse Studentebond (ASB)
congress; at which'a CP supporter, Mr
André Bartlett, was elected president of
the national body. :

In the University of Pretoria student
election, sources said, most of the 20
members elected support the CP.

This was shown by the composition of
the SRC’s new executive, elected on
Thursday night.

Three of the five positions on the ex-

ecutive, including that of chairman, were
filled by CP supporters.
_ The new chairman is Mr Ian Scott, one
of the CP’s orga ioe Party oethtore He
used to be a Nati arty youth organ-
iser, but resigned immediately after this
year’s split in the NP.

Outspoken

Mr Scott was present at the CP's or-
ganising meeting shortly after the split in
‘the National Party and was one of a
group of Pretoria students who donated

cso: | 4700/1815

funds to the then fledgling party.

He was also responsible for organising
and chairing CP leader Dr Andries Treur-
nicht’s first triumphant meeting ‘on the
campus, which drew a crowd of nearly
4000. :

His deputy is Mr Koos Kemp, a former
ASB branch chairman and one of the CP’s
first organisers on the campus.

He is a leading campus conservative
who came under heavy fire from the
verligte University of Stellenbosch cam-
pus newspaper, .Die Matie, for alleged
racist remarks he made during a liaison
meeting with the Stellenbosch SRC last
year. *

Koos. He is a very
versial conservative wi
fore ‘he thinks.”

. ‘The third member of the verkrampte
executive trio is the new vice-chairman,

ir Alkmaar Swart.

Mie is the son of Professor Alkmaar
Swart, the founder of the right-wing aca-
demic group, Aksie Eie Toekoms, which
has now amalgamated with the CP. Prof
Swart serves on the CP’s head
committee.

Low poll

‘The two other executive members, Mr
Delon Human and Mr Paul Grobler, were
said by campus sources to be staunch

often talks be-

83

SOUTH AFRICA

supporters of the- NP, although Mr
Grobler was describéd as a “conservative
Nationalist but a strong party man”.

The political sympathies of the remain-
ing ordinary members of the SRC are
“difficult to determine as a group”, one
source said, adding:

“If the executive they elected is CP-
dominated, then it stands to reason that

the SRC would also be dominated by the
cP”

This week’s election was characterised
; by a low poll of 32,8 percent compared
with last year’s 45 percent,

Campus observers attributed this to
the fact that only seven of the 20 SRC
seats were contested by new people, the
rest being filled unopposed, by nomina-
tion, default or by students with previous

positions.

Significantly, all three CP men on the
executive stood in constituencies which
were opposed, while Mr Swart won the
highest number of votes out of the 20
students elected. .

‘The election is conducted on non-party
lines and the SRC has a firm policy of
‘steering clear of political issues.

But it has in the past intervened in
campus politics and prevented groups to
‘the left of the NP from putting up posters
and organising meetings.

All the new members of the SRC were
at an inaugural training seminar this
weekend and could not be contacted for
comment.



ANGOLA

SMUGGLING IN ZAIRE BORDER AREA LAMENTED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 24 Jul 82 p 9

[Text] Malanje--The poor distribution of goods and the lack of control are
behind the continuing speculation and profiteering observed in Malanje and
Uige provinces.

An unidentified individual was recently arrested by People's Police agents
while he was engaged in the illegal sale of a huge amount of sugar, at 40,000
kwanzas a sack, in Kizanga district on the outskirts of the city of Malanje.

A second merchant was arrested in Damba Municipio (Uige Province), in posses-
sion of 287 tons of powdered milk, which he was selling for 5,000 kwanzas a
tin. According to police sources in Uige, it is current practice in the re-
gion to sell milk on the border with the Republic of Zaire, in exchange for
radios and other appliances.

The clandestine trade on the border with Zaire has increased substantially in
recent years in Cabinda, Malanje, Uige, Zaire and Lunda-Norte provinces. This
type of activity, punishable by law, can only be conducted with the collusion
of some individuals in the Security and Defense forces at the border posts,
who are easily bought off with goods that are hard to come by on the Angolan
market.

Paradoxically, whereas essential products are scarce in the shops and commer-
cial establishments of the state, the parallel channels offer a little of
everything for sale.

It is strange that in Malanje and Uige provinces, sugar and other products are
frequently for sale at times when virtually all the markets of the Domestic
Trade Ministry do not have them for sale to the public.

By way of example, we might add that, whereas a 50-kilogram sack of sugar is
sold in Malanje at the speculative price of 40,000 kwanzas, in neighboring
Uige it costs 60,000 kwanzas. Another case in point is dried fish, which
disappeared long ago from the markets in Malanje but which is plentiful on
the streets of the city of Uige at 12,000 kwanzas per crate.

In short, we could offer many examples to illustrate this sad reality, which
must be put to a stop.

6362
CSO: 4742/361



UAE Minister Takes Part in Work Meeting With Fais

(LE SOLEIL, 7-8 Aug 82) ........ See eee e eee e eee eeeeeeee
Final. Communique of First Session of AND-JEF-MRDN Executive
need (JAAY DOOLE BL, 31 Aug 82) ..cecccececeeeeeecs were eeeeee
SOMALIA
Briefs
Administrative Committee Functions Assessed
SOUTH AFRICA

Afrikaners Urged To Avoid Left, Right, Midway Policies
(Albert Crafford; RAPPORT, 18 Jul 82) ........e00- teeeee

UN Agencies Involved in New Threat To SA Economy
(Aida Parker; THE CITIZEN, 18 Aug 82) ......eeeeeeeeeeee

Don't Rely on Opinion Poll, NP is Warned
(THE CITIZEN, 24 Aug 82) ..scecccccccccccecccceccceseece

Dependence On, Commitment To United States Discouraged
(Editorial; THE CITIZEN, 18 Aug 82) .....eeeeecceesesees

Social, Economic, Political Efforts of Trade Unions Discussed
(Deon Delport; RAPPORT, 18 Jul 82) .....ceeecceeceeeeeee

'TIMES' Poll Shows Strong Support for PW's Reforms
(Fleur de Villiers; SUNDAY TIMES, 15 Aug 82) ...........

Success of CP Congress Reported
(Ivor Wilkins; SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Aug 82) .......

Threat of Marxist Onslaught Labelled 'Exaggeration'
(Ken Grundy; SUNDAY TIMES, 15 Aug 82)

Government Clampdown on Information Evokes Memories of Germany

(Ivor Wilkins; SUNDAY TIMES, 15 Aug 82) ......seeeeeeee
Japan Cuts Ferrochrome Buys From SA

(Geoffrey Murray; THE STAR, 10 Aug 82) ....... eee eeeeee
Fanie Botha Calls for Productivity Thrust

(THE STAR, 9 Aug 82) .......200e Seem e ence e cree eeeeeee
Implications of Ban on Demonstrations Examined

(Carolyn Dempster; THE STAR, 9 Aug 82) .....eeeeeeeee .

-c-

40

42

45

46

49

51

52

54

56

60

63

65

67

68

69



SENEGAL

"AFP'REPORTS ON CHON DEPARTURE STATEMENT
AB261324 Paris AFP in English 1306 GMT 26 Aug 82

[Text] Dakar, 26 Aug (AFP)--Developing nations should form a common front
to bring about a new era of cooperation in the southern hemisphere, South
Korean President Chon Tu-hwan said here today at the end of a 3-day official
visit to Senegal.

President Chon said the: common front would "mark a new era of South-South
cooperation in a spirit of collective interdependence," in a reference to the
existing so-called North-South dialogue between industrialized and developing
nations.

Speaking to reporters just before he left Africa for the Canary Islands at
the end of his first tour of Kenya, Nigeria, Gabon and Senegal, Mr Chon said
that Korea was attempting to set up an institutional arrangement to ensure
continuous international cooperation.

Mr Chon noted that all four African countries he had visited had showed
great interest in Korea's experience over the last 20 years, and had "clearly
expressed the desire for closer collaboration with us."

In a statement issued after a series of meetings between Mr Chon and Senegalese
President Abdou Diouf, Senegal and South Korea called for an urgent restruc-
turing of prevailing international economic relations.

On bilateral issues, the statement noted that concrete measures would be
taken to allow Korea to participate in Senegalese agricultural and industrial
development.

The two countries will soon open negotiations on transportation agreements,
and on investment and taxation schemes. Earlier, Mr Diouf had noted that
relations between the two countries were poor economically but excellent
politically.

Both heads of state said they hoped South Korea, which already participates
in the African Development Fund, could join the African Development Bank,
in order to strengthen its links with Africa.

On international issues, the two leaders condemned Israel's invasion of
Lebanon and the apartheid system in South Africa, and repeated their support
for African nationalist movements such as the African National Congress and
the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO).

cso: 4719/1332
38



IMPLICATIONS OF BAN ON DEMONSTRATIONS EXAMINED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 9 Aug 82 p 12

{Article by Carolyn Dempster:

[text]

who stands _ silently:
holding’a placard. with: -
in 500+ metres” of.
-court..building..now:
faces 'a. fine: of ‘RL. 000:
or one. year’s imprison:
ment,‘gr‘both, =~

This is’ just’ one’ of!
the ramifications of the“
Demonstrations .in “or”
near © Court: . Buildings ©
Prohibition- ‘Act: which’,
became law on August:

1

Described alternately”
as ‘‘an unnecessary
piece of legislation” by
a law lecturer ‘and . the:
“further erosion of the
rights of the individual
and assembly by Helen:
Suzman,” the Act
closes off one of the
few avenues of peace-
ful protest left to
South African citizens.

And as with much of
the security legislation
passed by Parliament
this year, the wording
of the Act is suffi-
ciently vague to give
rise to uncertainty and
difficulties in  inter-
pretation.

For instance, when is
a gathering of people
outside a court room
or building a “demon-
stration?”

In the Act a demon
stration is defined as’
“any demonstration by
one or more persons

‘soiltary ~ protester

a

69

for or against any per-
son, cause, action or
failure. to take action,
and which is connected
with or coincides with
any court proceedings
or the proceedings at
any inquest under the:
Inquests Act.”

Which eould theoret-
ically mean that a
group of people
protesting about a rise
in the bread price, two
blocks away from the
courtroom, while a pol
itical trial is in pro
gress, could be prose-
cuted under the Act.

In the. case of &

highly publicised polit-
ical or murder trial,
interested parties’ and
spectators have fre
quently spilled’ out of
the ‘courtroom into the
court corridors.

“ Should the
“gathering” make .any
show of solidarity, raise
their arms. in black
power salutes, chant or
sing, they could consti-
tute a “demonstration”
according to law lec-
turer Mr Gilbert Mar-

eus.
And in what Mr Mar-
eus describes as “a si-
nister move,” any per-
son who ‘‘makes
known” the proposed
demonstration is liable
tobe guilty of an of:
fence as well. Pane

SOUTH AFRICA

"Another Avenue of Protest Is Closed"]



SABOTAGE SPURS EMPHASIS ON SECURITY NEED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 p 34

[Text]

comprehensive security sec’
flon are well timed this year.
“Now is the ideal time for.

oy cle electronic equipment
manpower back-up
are sufficient to ‘ensure the

cso: 4700/1815

"RECENT acts of éatota
are bringing home to br

e around the country

essmen — especially’

those engaged in strategic industry or operating
in strategic areas — the importance of efficient

ty.
Thisfis the view of Bob Power, president of the
Security Association of South Africa (Sasa) pees

As a consequence, he sa’ sci elrte
20, and Interbou,

ence from August 18 to

bow include Fidelity ¢ Guards.
‘whose MD, Roy Macfarlane,
says:

merce and of
range and quality of security
services availal :

‘have small teams of experts
at our stand to provide the
necessary advice.

The Fidelity Guards range

of services includes
banking ce, cludes ash,

com! Revised payroll and
tre ae services the provi-
sion of guards and 2 new
special service sel

meet the require:
ments of Government's

“X-ray units together with @
Sompact video-telephone-
frail e which became

alae ble justin in time for the

78

with its

exhibit-current examples sot
the Nato-approved. “Fence-,
|” microwave units.
Emtron will be exhibiting
what it claims to be the
‘world’s most advanced fence

protection system, the.

jerican-designed FPS-2.

letermine
etficlency and false alarm

vuring- the four-month”
test period the overall detec-
tion rate was in excess of
$9%, and only two recorded
glarms were unaccounted

He adds that the FPS-2 sys-
tem has been selected for 283
Nato installations and also
for Radio Free Europe.

A new service, Pilarm
Alert 24, which monitors rg any

be
Bisa Le Control
a digital com-

SOUTH AFRICA

municator in conjunction-
Office telecom-

munication services, the
y claims to be able to
monitor any number of out-
uts wherever there is an
automatic telephone

e a
For example, if the fire

3

electronic eye on.

On the clock-watching

aide, Control Instruments

will be exhibiting its Time;
ttendance and



291113

JPRS 81725

8 September 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

FBIS

No. 2687

+ 060 9160866)

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

/31
ACT



EXPATRIATE RECRUITMENT ISSUE EXPLAINED

Harare BUSINESS HERALD in English 19 Aug 82 p 1

[Article by Des Parker]
[text]

EXPATRIATE reeruit-
ment is probably
unpopular with all
employees and em-
ployers in Zimbabwe
alike, but opinions
differ in the business
sector on its effective-
ness and alternatives
to it. .

Their. loyalty to their
employer and their new
eountry for the next few
years is questionable. And
the bitterness of their col-
leagves is engendered by
the substantial financial
benefits they receive.

Traditionally, ex-
patriates are allowed to
remit much of their
salaries. Advertisements
in English newspapers for
skilled workers for Zim-
babwe. recently, offered
return air fares, annual
bonuses and duty-free im-
)portation of personal ef-
fects, furniture and cars;
They could also remit a
third of their pay.

Confederation of Zim-
babwe Industries’ -presi-
dent, Mr Alan Paterson,
said local workers should
remember though, that
they have job security
whereas the expatriate is
engaged on the under-
standing that he is only a |
stop-gap,

He said he sympathised
with Zimbabwean skilled
people who dithered be-
tween staying in the coun-
try and continuing to be-
nefit from the conditions
and lifestyle, and leaving
because ey believe ex-
patriate workers -
“getting a better deal.”

“] personally do not
think’ it is a better deal.”
The CZI felt the Govern-
ment would have been
better advised to fully
discuss an expatriate pro-
gramme with the private
sector before im-
plementing one. f

However, said Mr
Paterson, the Government
had initially decided on
recruiting immigrants but
wubsequently decided to
issue them three or five- |

He described the
scheme as a “necessary |
although undesirable
mechanism” which should
be phased out as soon as
possible when . ‘local
recruits are sufficiently
trained to fill the gaps.

Mr = Alistair Black,
President of the Institute
of Personnel Management
of Zimbabwe and ee
sonnel director with Hun-
yani Holdings Ltd, said he
believed the expatriate
requirement came about
from a lack of foresight
and planning by Zim-

Babwean industrialists,

104

ZIMBABWE

Moat did not foresee the
extent of the skills drain
at the time of in-
dependence and had failed
to adjust thelr manpower
planning accordingly.

As a result he could see
Zimbabwe becoming a
country of expatriates
unless ‘the skills gap could
be bridged effectively. The
situation produced “a
massive problem” for
company’s manpower
planners = whose pro-
grammes and wage bud-
gets were thrown out of
kilter. :

INCENTIVES

Foreign short-term
recruits produced  in-
stability in existing work
forces, who felt hard-done
by because of the per-
quisites and incentives of-
tered to the expatriates.

In addition they created
3 “micro-cultural” prob-
lem, said Mr Black, where
foreign workers with one
set of cultural _ ter-
minology _ passed °_ their
skills and knowledge onto
a local worker who would
have to continue to work
in his own culture.

Government and paray
statal organisations ap-
peared to be the only
bodies thus far authorised
to bring in expatriate
workers in the true sense,
said the IPMZ president.
A: difficulty commerce and



Figuring Out Coup Cost
(Kamau Kaniaru; DAILY NATION, 16 Aug 82) ....

Briefs
| Food Prices, Minimum Wages Increased
Kenyan MP in Tanzania
Parliament Members' Passports Seized
Businessmen Asked To Show Trust
| Tea Yield 'Low'
No Departure Panic
Foreign Exchange Restored

LESOTHO

Briefs
Philippine Aid

MOZAMBIQUE

Briefs
Machel Says RSA Whites 'Not Enemies'

NAMIBIA

Official Hits Out at Tribal Leaders in Caprivi
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 18 Aug 82) ........+- bee ceeee

Windhoek's Public Responds to Smith's Plight
(David Pieters; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 18 Aug 82) ...

Suspended Sentence for Smith
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 18 Aug 82) .........--- teeees

Briefs
Seventeen SWAPO Terrorists Killed
South African Defense Force
SWAPO Losses
Betrayal Doubtful
NIGER
Kountche Receives More Delegation Heads

SENEGAL

‘AFP' Reports on Chon Departure Statement
(AFP, 26 Aug 82) .......-0--

Diouf, Chon Exchange Toasts at Luncheon
(Dakar Domestic Service, 25 Aug 82) .........- ee veecces

27

28

29

31

36

38

39



cso:

industry was facing waa
the Government's lack of
communication on its
plans for the private sec-
tor in the field, he added.
In the meantime, em-
Ployers should look . at

thetr apprenticeship ‘train-
ing schemes and possibly
Solve some: of their short-
term manpower dif-
ficulties‘ by reducing the
ground covered.

Thig would lessen in-
dustry's possible future
dependencé on ex-
patriates, “but we have
got to talk to the Govern-
ment “and tell them that
with their blessing, we
will gladly help”, said Mr
Black.

CZI Chief Executive Mr
Tony Read, said he be-
lieved Zimbabwean em-
ployers saw the need to
bring in, at thelr’ own ex-
pense, skilled people who
were capable and willing
to impart their knowledge
to locals. “But they must
be given carte blanche to
recruit as they see fit.”

Mr Allen Bridgland, the
director of the Zimbabwe |
Institute of Management,
said he believed employees
who felt chagrin and
moved. on when they
found they had to work
alongside an apparently |
better-paid expatriate, |
were acting against the’
national interest.

‘They should realise the
country’s need for short- |
term skilled labour to be
imported and the pre-
miums their employers
have to pay to return |
business to an even keel.

They ought also to
remember that the im-
ported worker has no
security of tenure and is
merely on strength to do
an interim job and pass on
his knowledge to a local.

Where the scheme fell

down, Mr Bridgland war- -

ned, was where a capable
local worker was not
available for some time
and the expatriate was
Kept on to the financial
detriment of the firm.

4220/1820

Offering the skilled
foreigner permanent
residency with the job
only alleviated the loss of
manpower but aggravated
the unemployment posi-
tion in the country,

On the other hand, em-
ployment agency director
Mrs Margaret Cook said
foreign workers should be
encouraged to stay on.

Her organisation
received several ap-
plications from artisans
and other workers over-
seas wanting to emigrate
to Zimbabwe. However,
local employers would not
take them without work
permits and the Govern-
Ment would not issue per-
mits unless they were
working.

VALUABLE

Mrs Cook felt it was
ridiculous that firms
would pay premiums in
valuable foreign currency
-when others willing to
take their chances along-
side Zimbabweans were
being turned away.

The more skilled people
Zimbabwe could lay its
hands on to assist with its
expansion and de-
velopment programmes,
the better, she felt.

Associated | Chamberes
of Commerce of Zimbabwe
president Mr Abner Botsh
said it was necessary for
the Government to ex-
Pelt applications from
the private sector for the
recruitment of
skilled workers.

“I do not believe that
firms go to all the trouble
of trying to recruit ex-
patriates unless their
Services are definitely
required, and therefore
when such applications
are put to the Government
for approval, it is neces-
sary for these cases to be
considered expeditiously.”

He was aware of delays
that had resulted in a loss
of potential skill to Zim-
babwe, he said, and be-
lieved there was little use
in trying to hide the coun-
try'a need for expatriates
or to obstruct their entry.

The most — important

foreign

105.

need now was the creation
of the climate necessary
to retain skilled Zim-
babweans in the country:
This would eventually
eliminate the long-term

juirement for ex-
patriate recruitment, said
‘Mr Botsch.

In his déalings with the
business community, the
local manager of the PE
Consulting Group, Mr Don
Pike, said it was recog-
nised that’ even more
skills were going to be
lost if the Government did

not allow expatriate
recruitment outside its
own needs.

“The Government was
refusing work permits to
would-be immigrants with
skills at all levels and the
time would come, he be-
lieved, when it would be
imperative to employ ex-
patriates.

‘The country could how-
ever avoid paying ex-
patriate premiums by is-
suing, “for example, five-
year work permits” to
skilled foreigners to see
us over the immediate
skills shortage, said Mr

ike,

“I do not see the need’
to run down our foreign
exchange reserves by pay-
ing salaries or parts of
them outside the country.”

Mr Pike said he ap-
proved of the Govern-
ment’s plan to upgrade
semi-skilled workers to
bridge the gap between
artisans and unskilled
workers,

Opening the IPM con-
vention on human
resources in Harare last
month, the Minister of La-
bour and Social Services,
Cde Kumbirai Kangai, told
employers they should
look to “under-employed,
underpaid or even un-
employed” Zimbabweans
to fill their requirements
before approaching « the
manpower committee on
foreign recruitment for
skilled expatriates.

Personnel managers
should re-evaluate, up-
grade and retrain workers
who were previously dis-
criminated against, the
minister said,



releasing no new rates for the banks, When the Bank announced the lifting
of the more than a week-long ban it circulated. the new reigning means rates
showing the US dollar up against the Kenya Shilling, but other major curren-
cies remained steady since July 30, the last time the mean rates were
announced, As at yesterday the US dollar rate was 11.0920 as against
10.9377 on July 30 which shows a rise against the shilling. The currencies
which remained stead among others, were the Sterling Pound with new rate

of 18,9239 against the old 18.9660, a drop of four cents against the Kenya
Shilling. It was followed by the Deutsche Mark (4,4306 new, vs 4,4390 old),
the French Franc (1,5954 new vs 1,5991 old), the Swiss Franc (5,1929 new

vs 5.2059 old), and the Japanese Yen (4,2425 ne vs 4,2518 old). [Text]
[Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 11 Aug 82 p 16]

cso: 4700/1823

26



SOUTH AFRICA

NP AIMS TO PROTECT WHITE INTERESTS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 24 Aug 82 p 12
[Article by Jaap Theron]

[Text] The National Party's policy is the only one in South Africa with the
prime goal and aim of safeguarding the vested rights and interests of the
Whites, Mr F.W. de Klerk, leader of the Transvaal NP told a lunch gathering
of NP supporters and business leaders in Pretoria yesterday.

Mr De Klerk, the guest speaker at a fund raising occasion of the Rissik NP
divisional council also said the quality of White rights in South Africa
was comparable to the best elsewhere in the world.

The question was thus, not whether the NP wanted to retain the rights of
Whites or to secure them--only how it should be done in a multiracial country
and against the background of international onslaughts, he said,

Comparing the NP's policy with that of the leftist Progressive Federal Party
and of the two Rightwing parties, the Herstigte Nasionale Party and the
Conservative Party--the PFP with its lack of ethnicity and the other two
with their dreams of separate watertight communities--Mr De Klerk said the
NP's political ideology departed from the others on the points of security,
prosperity and stability for all in South Africa..

The NP had a history of development and although it had made mistakes these
were being eliminated.

Compared with the other political parties the NP had vision with regard to
the future, he said,

The NP's policy took cognisance of the demands of time and acknowledged that
besides Yown interest" there was also "common interest," which should be
accommodated,

The NP accommodated Blacks in a different way to Coloureds and Asians.

The Whites had obtained all the rights they could get when the country became
a Republic and one could not give them more rights than existed, he said.

85



STEVEDORES MERGE IN NEW SERVICE

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 5 Aug 82 p 24

[text]

South African” Steve-
dores Services and:
Rennies Grindrod Cotts
Stevedoring have ra
tionalised their
‘interests in a new com~
pany to be known a6
South . African © Steve-.
dores. re

Freight Services,
which owns African.
Stevedores, and Ren-
nies Grindrod Cotts each
“have a 50 percent
shareholding in the
new company.
~ The stevedoring in-,
dustry has- béen- affec:,
ted severely by. the de-,
cline in - volume of:
breakbulk cargo caused
by increasing con-
tainerisation.

Over the past five
years, the annual ton-
“Rage handled by steve-
dores at South African
ports has dropped by
40 percent from 18 mil-
lion tons to 11 million
tons:~ wee a 3

cso: 4700/1815

:he ‘current. con:
tainerisation of the Far
East and North Ameri-
can. routes is expected
to depress volumes fur-
ther and to increase
the excess capacity in-
the~industry.”

*The . shareholders _
said in a joint
statement that the’ mer-
ger would introduce

economies. «of ~ scale,
“gliminate duplicate fac-~

ilities, and ensure the

‘maintenance of a high
<Yevel-of ‘service to cus-.
.tomers,, It would also
‘enable the new com-
pany to finance rising
costs’ in “this strategic ~
but shrinking indus-~
try.” =
Mr Neville Organ,
chief executive of the
Freight Services Grouo, ,
is the chairman, and
‘Mr Derek Macey, ma
naging director of Ren-,
nies Grindrod Cotts, is-

80

SOUTH AFRICA

managing director. *

The General
Workers’ Union said itt
a statement that. the
move had “important
implications” for 5000
stevedores. in the in,
dustry. a

SENSITIVE

“ ‘SWe are not claiming

the right to veto the
merger but in some
ports it is a very sensi-
tive issue. The em-
ployers should have
consulted earlier with
the union.”

Mr Organ said: “We
are. mindful of our rel-
ations with the union
and dbviously ‘we must
tatk to its representa-
tives about all. aspects
of the merger.”

‘A possible result of
the merger is the re
trenchment of steve-
dores, but. the em
ployers are expected to
negotiate retrenchment
procedures with the
GWU. Lente



cso:

__ productivity.

In that respect, the active involve
ment. of the working people in the’
task of establishing workers’. control

committees is crucial for the effective
realization of our revolutionary objec.
tive fo build a society wherein justice,
equality and democracy prevail.

On other topics of interest, the Oro-
migna weekly, Berrissa, reiterates the
decisive role of agricultural develop-

ment in our endeavours to ensure the
welfare of the working people.

Experiences of leading socialist coun-
aries shows that the expansion of agri-
cultural producers’ cooperatives and
the application of modern means of

“farming are the essential pre-condi-
tions for achieveing increased agricul-
tural productivity, the paper points
out. It urges the exertion of. further
efforts in this direction to ensure a
steady development in agricultural

4700/1821



cso:

‘strengthen the capital-
ist economy.” 2
The ‘conference
closed with statements
that through debate
and the setting up of
special think tanks, “we
can sharpen the impact
‘of the liberation forces

in South Africa,”

Mr Arthur Grobbe-
laar, general secretary

“of the Trade Union

Council of South Afri-
ca, (Tucsa), said he was
well aware such a move
had been on the cards.

“This became very
obvious after -my visit
to the ILO in June. At

agencies to play a much
bigger role in the total
strategy against South
Africa. The Unesco con-
ference is a logical fol-

low-up to that call.”

4700/1817

‘Membership |
Tucsa today has a
membership of around
500 000: about 100 000
Whites, 100 000 Blacks,
and 300000 Coloureds
_and Asians.

Tucsa has come’
under heavy fire from
Radio Maputo . and
other quarters in: re-
cent’ months. It has.
been described = as
“counter-revolution-
ary, guilty” of both
“dass collaboration and

to’ counter the new

threat, Mr Grobbelaar

said: “Right now, we

«have out experts busy

_ Preparing: caucational
Projects, fundamental-

ly aimed at educating

the workers in our sys--

tem of industrial re-
lations.

“ Helping’

“We are also helping

them achieve skills so
that they can fit com-

50

Employers have
agreed that a Marxist
takeover of the new
Black trade union
movements, still rep-
resenting only about 10
percent of Black work-
ers, is an unavoidable
“monster.”

. However, as these
unions are still in their
infancy they are going
to be the product of the-
ir mentors — “whoever
gets to them first will
control them.”

“Courses.
. The Free Market
Foundation has already

“set up a series of in-ser-

vice courses aimed at
educating Black work-
ers in the advantages of
the free market system
vs communism.

Although no police
comment could be ob-
tained, there appears to
be fairly clear evidence
that some of the more
radical Black ‘unions
mow emerging have
‘underground links with
the communist-domi-
nated World Federation
of Trade Unions.



SWAZILAND

NATION'S FUTURE ANALYZED
¥MB270657 Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 27 Aug 82 pp 1, 28
(Editorial: "We Must Follow in His Footsteps" ]

[Text] The death of His Majesty King Sobhuza II last Saturday had deprived
the Swazi nation of a leader and father most loved and admired by his people.

This week, the prime minister, Prince Mabandla, rightly told a joint session
of Parliament: "The sad departure of His Majesty has deprived this Parlia-
ment and the Swazi nation of the invaluable services of a great leader,

a tireless adviser and a father for whom we all had so much love, respect
and deep affection."

These are qualities of a true leader. Unfortunately such qualities seem to
be on the decline in most world leaders today.

The news of His Majesty's death has come as a big shock to his subjects.
He was held in high esteem by his people. On numerous occasions he
demonstrated his fatherly love during his addresses to the nation, smaller
groups and individuals.

His passing away is a source of great sorrow, during the past 61 years of
his reign, he worked tirelessly for the advancement of his country and
people.

King Sobhuza's long reign has never been a bed of roses. It was marked by
unending challenges, among which was the struggle for the restoration of
the independence of the Swazi people.

The two other goals he set himself were the regaining of Swazi nation land
and the mineral rights that had been taken away arbitrarily.

The announcement less than 3 months ago of an agreement on the land deal
with South Africa was the culmination of His Majesty's goals.

As if he knew that his time to leave had come, on Friday, less than 24 hours
before his death, he received detailed reports from his emissaries he had
sent to brief African states about the land deal with South Africa. The
land question was the last of his three major roles. They were no easy tasks
to achieve. ‘They called for perserverence, diplomacy and a cool head.

92



SOUTH AFRICA

ANTI-JEWISH VANDALISM PROBED
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 pp 1, 2

[Article by Neil Hooper and Boetie Eshak: "Jews vs PLO: Not Just a Student
Row"']

[text] The mystery surrounding the painting of pro-Palestine Liberation
Organisation (PLO) slogans on synagogues in Johannesburg deepened yesterday.

First, Lieutenant-General Johann Coetzee, Acting Commissioner of the SAP

and head of the Security Branch said he believed the outburst of anti-Jewish
sentiment "has far greater ramifications than a mere student conflict."
Then Professor Marcus Arkin, Director-General of the SA Zionist Federation
added his conviction that the desecration of Jewish buildings had nothing to
do with the war in Beirut,

"T think it is the perpetrators' way of expressing their political frustra-
tion locally," he added,

"By identifying themselves with the PLO they have a way of letting off steam,

"It is a very timely way of expressing their dissatisfaction with their
political lot in South Africa without falling foul of the law."

Gen Coetzee declined to elaborate on his statement,

Last week he revealed exclusively to the Sunday Times that the PLO is training
and supplying arms to terrorists of the African National Congress.

Yesterday he warned that the desecration and destruction of Jewish property
would not be tolerated,

Protection

He said he had issued instructions to police stations throughout the country
that special protection be given to Jewish property.

71



“I agree with the core of _
Swapo’s message — the ob- |
jective of one nation and
one country — but there
are also things on which I

question Swapo,"
he added,
Relations between

the newspapers and /

the Police have
worsened over the |
years, Mr Smith said. In |
the early days of his 25- |
year career, the press and
Police had cooperated in
SWA.

But with the emergence
of Black nationalism in the
country, and the ap-
pearance of the SA
military, these relations
became clouded — with
mutual mistrust.

UNDESIRABLE

“Those of us (newsmen)

who refused not to report
on Swapo statements were
labled _undesi

le your: ~

nalists,” he saic

__Mr_ Smith said there’

4700/1822

32

were thousands who sup-
his views and thou-
sands who did not.

“Those who do not, are
in control of Government.
and the economy, and they
are keen to punish me,” he
said.

He referred to a cam-
paign of harassment, sur-
veilance and threats, of
which he had become vic-

tim.

On the Observer’s con-
troversial back page where
photographs of nude
models appear regularly,
Mr Smith said the vast ma-
jority of the paper’s 70 000
readers, had never com-
plained.

Replying to the Public
Prosecutor’s charge that
Mr Smith was provocative
in his attitude to the State,
the Observer’s editor read
from a legal reference work
which stated that if there
was an element of respon-
sibility for the provocation
‘on the part of the complai-
nant (the State), it should
be seen as a mitigating fac-
tor.



The National Executive Committee thoroughly examined all these questions. It
agreed that the school vacation period should be used for the political con-
solidation of our movement, while providing the clarifications necessary to
a correct understanding of this concept and to the dialectic relation which
must exist between the consolidation of past experience and the expansion of
the Movement.

The National Executive Committee reaffirmed that the labor movement is the axis
of our political activity and examined how it could relate to our action in all
other sectors and fields, especially in the farmers movement and in the outlying
regions of the country.

The Executive Committee amended and approved the work program presented .by
Comrade Mamadou Diop Decroix.

It then heard reports from representatives of the various commissions at the
General Council on the progress of their commissions’ work.

The AND-JEF MRDN National Executive Committee insisted more particularly on
the necessity to install all statutory regional commissions as soon as
possible, and to complete the organizational flowchart of the Movement.

Finally, the Executive Committee heard communications from its members on
miscellaneous questions, and approved a Resolution on Internal Questions and
a-Motion Supporting the Palestinian Revolution.

The session of the AND-JEF MRDN National Executive Committee, which used mostly
the national Wolof language, closed on 27 June 1982 at 19:00.

Made in Dakar, on 27 June 1982
The National Executive Committee

of the AND-JEF Revolutionary Movement
for a New Democracy

9294
CSO: 4719/1304

4h



Threat to 10 Census Workers

BULAWAYO. ,
SECURITY forces’ were
yesterday deployed in two
areas of Kezi following
reports that 10 enumera-
tors had been threatened
by dissidents, a spokes-
man for the district ad-
ministration said.

The official’ said the 10
enumerators had been
replaced and the “situa:
tion is now under con-
trol”.

He said elsewhere in
the district the popula-!
tion census had started
without a hitch. j

The two affected areas’
are. Donkwe Donkwe, in
‘Tshatshane communal land
about 15 km from Kezi,
and area around Son-'

tala Schoo! about 20 km
to the west of Donkwe
Donkwe school.

“Everything in the dis-
trict is going according
to the plan, except the
two areas where we have
had problems with dissi-
dents,” he said:

“Ten enumerators have
withdrawn because dissi-
dents threatened to kill
them if they were seen
counting the people.”

Elsewhere in Matabele-
land and the Midlands the
counting was reported to
have got off to a: good
start, with enumerators in
some areas of Gwanda
reported to be doing more
work than was thought
possible.

A Smooth Kick-off for the Big Count

THE census kicked off on
schedule yesterday with a
very encouraging response
throughout the country,
the chief organiser, Cde
Joseph Mapondera, said.
‘In an interview, Cde
Mapondera said: “We have
received reports from all
over the country, and
enumeration has started
on a good footing, There

have been no problems

whatsoever and there has
been maximum co-opera-
tion from the public.”

Because of the positive
response froth the public,
he said, the daily enume-
ration period had been
extended, a

“Enumeration will now
start at 6.30am and end
at 9pm instead of 7 pm,”
he said.

Cde Mapondera said
that the census directorate
‘had expected each enume-
wator to cover at least 15
households a ‘day but by
noon yesterday one enu-
merator in Glen Norah

had covered more than 20."

In Harare the big count
kicked off at State House

‘when Cde Mapondera
counted President Banana
and his family before pro-
ceeding to Zimbabwe
House, where he counted
the Prime Minister, Cde
Mugabe.

In Bulawayo the couat-
ing started at the house
of Cde Joshua Nkomo, the

‘ ZAPU Jeader.

‘CONFIDENT’

, @de Mapondera sald the

public was very enthuslas-
tic. “The census now has
all the. support tt needs
and I am confident that it
will be a success.”

On the question of bo-
gus , enumerators . taking
advantage of the count,
for eriminal purposes, Cde
Manvondera said all census
personnel had — ideatity
cards and carried distinc-
tive’ yellow plastic bags
and population badges on
their arms.

“Police throughout, the
country are on stepped-

_up patrols to ensure that

bogus counters are imme-
diately apprehended.”

Our Bulawayu corres-
pondent reports the cen-
gus superintendent there,
Mr O. Mashengele, as say-
ing the exercise started
with 77 more enumeratots
than expected. There had
been enough transport for
the exercise and every-
thing was going
smoothly. g

The district administra-
tor of Hwamge, Cde Mor-
gan Chawawa, said: “The
census is going on beauti-
fully, We have had 10
enumerators more than
we need and transport has
been evenly deployed
throughout the district.”

Kezi's district admtnis-
trator, Cde Nephat Ndlo-
vu, said all other pro-
grammes in, his district
had been stopped, includ-
ing drought. relief opera-
tions, to make the cen-
sus @ success.

Cde Mapondera said:
“All the census machinery
is in gear. The success of
this exercise. will reflect
the’ unity of Zimbabweans
when it comes to national
issues.”

113



Bn

UN AGENCIES INVOLVED IN NEW THREAT TO SA ECONOMY

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Aug 82 p 17

[Article by Aida Parker]

[text]

UN SPECIAL agen-
cies are now in. the
forefront of a drama-
tie new thrust against
the ‘South African

economy. The new

frontier centres

round the RSA’s fast-.

growing but. inex-
perienced Black la-

and from various orga-

Risations in the EEC”
and North America.

said: the. main‘ task of

the delegates was to
analyse “the current

49

South African’ situa-"
tion; decide which weak
points in the South
African economy could
be most usefully probed
and exploited; and
whether a new dimen-
sion could be added to
the Black/White con-
flict.

This, it was argued,
could best be achieved
by promoting . labour-
/management conflict.

Main topics
Main topics laid down’

for discussion were:
@ Ways and means

of studying <nd under-
standing events in the
RSA. .
@ How to interpret
the steady dismantling
institutionalised

toria’s intentions re-
garding the SADCC alli-
ance?

New alliance
Delegates noted that

English-speaking busi-
ness interests and mili-
tary leadership. None

SOUTH AFRICA



SOMALIA

BRIEFS

ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE FUNCTIONS ASSESSED--Administrative committees set
up in the districts liberated from the Siad Barre rule by the Democratic
Front for the Salvation of Somalia [DFSS] are smoothly carrying on with their
work. Reports reaching us from Radio Kulmis correspondents in the districts
of Goldobog and Balambale say that these committees have the full support
of and are trusted by the masses freed from the clutches of the dictatorial
Mogadishu regime. As is known, the administrative committees comprise mem-
bers of the liberated public and members of the DFSS. They are to be
temporarily in charge of administration until free elections can be held.
[Text] [BA211534 (Clandestine) Radio Kulmis in Somali to Somalia 1800 GMT

JO Aug 82]

cso: 4503/37

45



MILITANT JEWISH UNDERGROUND ADMITS ROLE IN WITS INCIDENTS

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 19

SOUTH AFRICA

[Article by Tony Weaver: "We Stirred It Up, Says Secret Faction")

(text]

A MILITANT Jewish
underground organl-
sation has admitted
playing a major role
in this week's unrest
at the University of
the Witwatersrand.

The Jewish Defence
League (JDL) warned that
it would intervene again if

‘o-Palestine Liberation

tion (PLO) ral-.

lies were held off campus.-

There was still some ten-
sion on the Wits campus at
week’s end, after seven days
of sporadic clashes between
Zionists and PLO supporters.

Zionist sources on the cam-

confirmed that a militant

DL pow was operating
ly.

Underground

In South Africa, the DE
operates underground an
has no official standing.

In other countries, it has
claizned responsibility for as-
sassination of PLO leaders
and bomb attacks on PLO
offices.

An anonymous caller,
claiming to be a JDL mem-
ber, telephoned the Sunday
Times week and threat-
ened violence against PLO
‘supporters. + 7.

A JDL spokesman, who.

also refused to identify him-

cso: 4700/1815

self, sald: “Yes, we were on
campus.” _ .

He said the JDL would”
seuppress any form of anti-
Semitism in this country — in
any way we see fit”.

* Black students told ‘the
Sunday Times they would
continue p move around they .
campus in groups as
feared victimisation for their
role in» the PLO support
meeting. 2 4
“Their fears seemed justi-
fied since a man accompany-
ing the alleged JDL members
— many with army-style
haircuts — photographed
leaders of the pro-PLO

group.
Scuffles broke out on the
campus on Wednesday.
Groups of Zionists chased
PLO supporters down nar-
row al , hurling abuse and
orstening violence:

* Only swift intervention by
Wits ‘securit} gars. and
Vice-Chancellor Professor D
J du Plessis restored order.

Students were amazed to
see their white-haired princi-
pal courageously wading into

crowd to haul out ring-

Jeaders by the scruff of the

neck.

‘Twelve students were sus-
pended and barred from the
campus 1g a disciplin-
ary fearing on August 16.

‘All student meetings were
banned indefinitely.

Skirmishes continued
throughout the day after two

lunchtime meetings — one

‘supporting Israel's actions in
Lebanon, the other support-
ing the PLO. : e
“At one stage, a
about 1 000 Zionists Breed $00 ‘
PLO supporters — mainly
black but with a large group
of Jewish and other white
Students — across a narrow
strip’ of concrete between
two buildings. a
whee out soabel, Prof
y nnel, Pro!
du Plessis and Students? Re-
tative Council presi-
lent: Mr Jeremy Clarke
struggled to keep the groups
apart.

‘A group of Zionists chant-
ing “no, no, PLO” cornered a
handful of black students
wearing keffiyehs, the tradi-
tional Arab headdress.

The two opposing mobs
were com} of those un-
able to join a packed PLO
solidarity meeting, and Zion-
ists who had streamed to the

meeting organised
South African Union of Jew-
ish Students (SAUJS).
+ SAU"S officials and lead-
“ers of the pro-PLO~
pleaded for calm. =p
A SAUJS source said later:
“A small JDL gang came on
to campus and seemed to de-
liberately provoke trouble.”
The pro-PLO meeting was
organised by the Wits Black
Students’ Society (BSS). .
The main speaker said the
PLO’s aim was not to create
a non-Jewish Palestine, but
to “build a commitment to a

74

state where we can raise
Muslims, Christians and
Jews side by side in peace
and democracy”.

A statement released later
by the BSS condemned “all
forms of racism. and anti-
Semitism”. .

Tense

Tensions began rising on
the campus the previous:
‘week when a poster, pam-
phiet and sticker war broke
‘out between the two groups.

‘The first JDL member who
approached the Sunday
Times claimed responsibility
for one of the eventual
assaults, -

By Thursday afternoon,
relative calm had returned to
the campus although the at-
mosphere was tense
when lectures ended on
Friday.

In a statement on Frida’
— 10000 copies of whic!
were distributed throughout
the campus — Prof Du Ples-
sis said that before the dis-
turbances took place he had
met with the and SAUJS
leaders whom he found to be
‘intelligent and responsible

ie

le‘said it was clear the
two organisations were not
responsible for the clashes
but that “undesirable ele-
ments on the campus” had
capitalised on’ the occasion
and through “deplorable be-
haviour” had violated Wits’
tradition of “tolerance and
respect”.



SOUTH AFRICA

BUSINESS ADVISED TO PREPARE FOR UPSWING
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 24 Aug 82 p 11

[text] South African businessmen were urged yesterday to look at the positive
side of the sharpening recession and to regroup forces, take stock and
prepare for a future upswing.

Mr Jan Horn, president of the Afrikaanse Handelsinstituut, said in Pretoria
there was a tendency to be alarmed and concerned over the worsening economic
conditions.

But there was also a positive aspect to the downswing, he said,

Recapping recent top level discussions by the AHI on the threatening
depression, he said the downswing could in fact be put to good use in a
number of ways.

Businessmen could, for instance, use it to step up the training of staff,
to "brighten up" management, to concentrate on short term projects and on
achieving the maximum use of available labour, capital and raw mterials,

"These things can all be done by establishing a sound foundation for the
next upswing," Mr Horn said.

"The emphasis should not only be on a sufficient number of workers to see
enterprises through the present phase but also to be able to meet and
benefit from the future."

He said the AHI appealed to businessmen to be positive and to give attention
to improving the financial management of their undertakings.

"We urge them to build up a spirit of increased productivity and efficiency
in their undertakings so that these facets which are vital to South
Africa's competitive position internationally can be taken through to all
staff levels,"

Mr Horn said the economic situation had been plumbed at length at the last
executive meeting of the AHI and the feeling was that the inflation problem

should receive continuing consideration,

cso: 4700/1817

84



SENEGAL

DIOUF, CHON EXCHANGE TOASTS AT LUNCHEON
AB261227 Dakar Domestic Service in French 2200 GMT 25 Aug 82

[Text] Today is the second day of the South Korean president's official
visit to our country. The discussions centered on pilateral economic problems
as well as on the major international issues. The two heads of state held

a private discussion which was followed by a working session between the

two delegations. President Chon Tu-hwan later attended a special luncheon
given in his honor by the president of the republic.

During their exchange of toasts at the end of the luncheon, Abdou Diouf and
his Korean counterpart, Chon Tu-hwan, stressed the need to realize the
peaceful reunification of Korea through national reconciliation. In his
speech, President Abdou Diouf praised the Korean people's efforts for reuni-
fication in order to achieve a world of peace, justice and fraternity and
stated that Senegal has always supported and will continue to support the
peaceful and independent reunification of that country. The head of state
also talked about the excellent relations as well as the similarities between
the two countries and expressed happiness that the Korean president has
included Senegal in his very first tour of Africa. President Abdou Diouf
also emphasized the efforts being made by the Korean authorities to ensure
the harmonious development of their country in all fields. In this connec-
tion, he stressed the need of further raising the level of exchanges between
our two countries, adding that Senegal is constantly looking for ways and
means of strengthening this cooperation in the cultural and technical fields.

In his reply, President Chon Tu-hwan recalled the patient and persistent
efforts being made by his country to ensure the peaceful and democratic
reunification of the Korean fatherland. In this connection, he reaffirmed
his total support for the confederation of Senegambia which, he said,
constitutes an example for African unity. The Korean head of state also
stressed the similarities between Senegal and Korea which follow a common
policy of peace and good-neighborliness. He promised that Korea will give
its total support to the Senegalese people as their partner on the path of
development.

cso: 4719/1332

39



POPULATION GROWTH RATE SOARING

[text]

[Article by Keith Atkinson]

ZIMBABWE will have
the highest population

growth figures in the’

world ‘between. now and
the year 2000, the
latest World Develop-
ment Report predicts.

Published by the World
Bank, the report says
this country’s average an-
nual growth ‘of popula-
tion between 1960-1970
was 8,9 percent. This fell
to 3,3 percent from 1970-
2280, but is projected to

percent between
Tosca008

This means the popu:
lation of about 7,5 million
will have doubled before
the end of the century
and should reach 1’
million by the year 2000.

The only other country
to exceed the 4 percent
growth rate . figure ts
Neighbouring" sbathern

ight Tn
African countries: have
predicted growth rates of
between 2,9 and 3,4 per-
cent.

The report describes
Zimbabwe as a middle
income ofl importing
economy with GNP as
the means of classifica-
tom

Harare BUSINESS HERALD in English 19 Aug 82 pp 1, 10

Zimbabwe had a GNP
of US$630 per person in
1980, which compares
with’ US$420 in Kenya,
US$230 in Malawi and
‘US$560 in Zambia.

“1960 to 55 years in 1980,

with the child death rate
per 1000 children aged
is dropping by half to

On a more global basis,
middle-income developing
countries can expect to
achieve a per capita
GDP growth rate of at
least two percent | in the
1980s with a high in
sub-Saharan Africa of
about three percent.

This is faster than that
of North America and
Western Europe, but
means that for the aver-
age person in a middle
income country, his in-
come would increase by
only about 25 percent iB
10 years.

“Compared with past
performance and present
potential, needs and ex-
\pectations, such @ rate
is clearly” inadequate,”
says the report,

If growth is slower
than ‘projected by the
World Bank, . then _un-

ZIMBABWE



Mapondera Prediction

Harare THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 82 p 11

[text]

cso:

CENSUS chief Cde Joseph Mapondera has predicted that Zimbabwe's
1982 census could reveal a population of up to 10,3 ‘million people.

Cde Mapondera said in
an interview .this week
that the population size,
according. to the 1969 cen-
sus, had been 5099344 —
with blacks constituting
95. percent. Whites made
up 44° percent of the
total.

“Zimbabwe's rate of
growth of blacks has been
influenced | mainly by
birth, while that of the
whites has been influen-
ced by migration. .

“In 1969, the estimated
‘birth rate was found to be
50 for every 1000 and
the rough death rate to be

16 in 1000. This suggests-

one of the most rapid
rates of population growth
in Africa and the 1982
census i expected to show
a total population of be-
tween 7,5 million and 10,5
million people.”

The census, he said,
could only be meaningful
if it was compared with
that of 1969, because it
was not only the size of
the population which was
important in overall plan-
ning, but also the rate at
which the population was
increasing...

4700/1819

“A rapid population
growth rate which treads
closely on the heels of
agricultural and industrial
improvement and out-
strips their output as fast
as they are produced has
been found to be nega-
tive to general economic
development programmes.

“The higher the rate of
population growth, the
higher must be the rate
of growth of national
production to outrun the.
population's needs,” de
Mapondera said.

The 1969 census had
disclosed an inter-provin-
ciel migration rate of
more than 50 percent and
indications of rapid rural-
urban movement, which
had resulted in the cities
requiring to: provide more
housing units, health and
social services, schools,
roads, water and sewerage
facilities,

The 1969 count also
showed that 40 Percent of
black wage earners
in the agricultural indus-
try and that one wage
eamer supported - about
five other relatives, while

118

his white counterpart had
on average a single rela-
tive to support.

This situation, Cde Ma-
pondera said, had resulted
jo a high economic de-
pendency ratio among the
blacks. .

About 60 blacks were
training as apprentices in
1969 compared to 2122
whites.

This pattem had also
manifested itself in the
educational sector, where
97,71 percent of the black
population had spent lesa
tham seven years at
school, while about 100
percent of the white po-
pulation had a minimum
of eight years.

“Nearly 50 percent of
black children dropped out
of school at primary school
level and nearly 80 per-
cent of the black popula-
tion was illiterate or
semi-illiterate.”

He said the 1982 census
results could provide chal-
lenges for the Govern-
ment’s policies of free
primary education.



JPRS 81725

8 September 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2687
ConTENTS
ANGOLA
Merits of Angolan Schools in Cuba Extolled
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 25 Jul 82) .eccccesesecccccncccveves 1
UNTA Meeting Ends; Production Factors Reviewed
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 24 Jul 82) ..cccceeeccceecceessccees 3
Smuggling in Zaire Border Area Lamented
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 24 Jul 82) .....-eeeeeeee ste eeeenees 4
Briefs
Bulgarian Medals Awarded 5
Commissioners, Ambassadors Sworn In 5
ETHIOPIA
Weekly Wrap-Up on Non-English Press
(Kifle Djote; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 15 Aug 82) ........ 6
Wood, Wood Products Industry of Ethiopia
(Kifle M. Zerom; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 10, 11 Aug 82)... 9
Briefs
Kampuchean Delegation Received 16

Air Force Officer Testifies in Tanzanian Court
(DAILY NATION, 24 Aug 82) .....seseeeeeeee see e ee eeeee . 17

Intelligence Services' Failure to Detect Coup Queried
(Editorial; DAILY NATION, 16 Aug 82) ........ bee e eee 19

Readers React Variously to Coup Attempt
(DAILY NATION, 14 Aug 82) ....ceeeeeee cece eee eee eeeee 21

-a- {III - NE & A - 120]



cso:

4700/1820

District Development Fund 21 455 096,00

Dept, of Social Services 17 535 512,57

Min, of Health “ 1.891 100,00

Min. of Works 2.743 119,00

Min, of Education and Culture 1326 288,41
Division of District

Administration ~ 17 160 000,00

. 79 921 015,46

(includes $1798 376,17 to other ministries and agencies),
Of these allocations, the DDF put $8 388 085,00 towards
‘building roads and bridges. The provision of food by
the Department of Social Services took $13 802 169,36
trom its amount.

The District Administration Division used nearly all
its more than $17 million allocation for the construc-
tion of council schools,

“The report also shows the Zimcord funds allocated
to the Public Sector Investment Programme which is
split into commitments and interest,

‘A commitment refers to a firm allocation of funds
while an interest is merely an expression on intent
whether honoured or not.

‘The total commitment and interest of $297,8 million
was inclusive of the overall Zimcord total of $576
million, .

PSIP .
Ministry Commitment ($m) —_ Interest ($m)
‘Tramspory 12,30 50.
PTC 9,75 -
Education - 143,30 _
Water Development: 9,50 5,0
Agriculture 18,00 : 70
Lands . 48,50 26,4
Housin; 10

4 12,90.
Note smaller amounts to other ministries have not
been shown. .

102



CSO: 4700/1815

62



He goes on to say that between Left and Right there is only a difference of
degree and direction, not an actual difference of principle.

The Left is often revolutionary: It wants to kick the existing structure
into pieces so that its shrewd people can create a Utopia on Earth for them-
selves; rightist revolutionaries create their own future by trying to perpet-
uate prejudices and preferences which have become traditional in the
"structures of eternity."

In conclusion I present these thoughts: "The Left is not correct--that much
we know. The Right is also incorrect and perhaps we must find that out the
hard way. But straightforward is the correct way! That is how God's
measuring rod measures. The straightforward way does not reconcile between
Left and Right. It does not lie somewhere in the middle of the road;
neither is it a golden middle course. Straightforward is the most natural
way in which the road runs."

This is a most refreshing thought even for the Afrikaner politician with all
his pressures and counterpressures. These are the very times in which the
Afrikaner must choose between the hard policy of the Right and the wild
policy of the Left without having to tread the neutral middle course.

Of course there are considerable pressures and considerable proselytization
especially on the part of the rightists. But for some people the siren's
song of the Left is becoming more and more alluring.

In the meantime all eyes are on the government which has yet to demonstrate
in detail how it is moving forward, to the Left, to the Right, on the middle
road or on the straightforward path...

It has no other choice but the laborious straightforward road.

None of us have any other choice. Think about this when the turtles begin
to coo from the Left and from the Right.

7964
cso: 4701/104

48



ZCTU ADVISES COMPANIES TO CONTINUE RECRUITMENT EFFORTS

Harare THE HERALD in English 17 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

COMPANIES should continue . to
recruit apprentices, even though the

Government will recruit them in the '

future, the publicity secretary of
the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade
Unions, Cde Elphigio Soko, said at
the weekend,

“Employers should continue re-
cruiting apprentices until the Gov-
ernment directs then, not to do so.
To suspend recruitment at this
stage is unfair and rétrogressive to
the country’s desire for more skill-
ed people,” he said.

Cde Soko was reacting to a re-
cent report in the Herald saying
major employers had suspended re-
cruitment following a statement by
the Minister of Manpower Plan-
ning and Development, ‘Dr Frede-
rick Shava,, that the Government

intended recruiting apprentices and-

altocating them to employers.

‘ “Employers should continue re-
_eruitment until the Government's

4700/1820

97

intention becomes law, This is the
only time they should stop the
exercise.”

He supported the Government in
its bid to recruit apprentices for
employers, saying it would help to
overcome the skilled manpower
shortage in Zimbabwe, _

“We have & serious shortage of
skilled mafpower, especially arti-
sans, and one cannot understand
the logic of any employer suspend-
ing the recruitment of apprentices,”
he said. :

“ He also’ said the Government.
was consulting employers and the
ZCTU on how its programme of
recruitment could be implemented,

Cde Soko said he expected that
by the end of the year the Gov-
ernment’s policy. of one union to
each industry would be fulfilled.

“We have made tremendous pro-
gress in uniting unions since the
formation of the ZCTU in 1980,” be
said, -

ZIMBABWE



csO: 4700/1823

The rebels should be mercilessly
punished.
. Reuben Olita,
Nairobi.
Pod
MY tears are now over, and it is
with joy I write this letter. The
wananchi of Kenya can once
again breath with relief and
plenty of gratitude to our loval
forces who put down KAF
rebellion.

I pray and hope this was the
last rebellion in Kenya. This
should’be a lesson to those power-
hungty tiyenas, and a piece of
educatiop: to the’ peace-loving
wananciit:”

We have seen exactly what
kind of government the rebels
would have given us had they
succeeded: A government of
looting, stealing, killing and

raping.
here on earth can we find a
successful and acceptable
military government? What
chances did these hyenas have of
forming a military government
that is unlike those we already

know?
S.A. Muthamia,
Nakuru.

Hae

NO one can deny the fact that
destruction by KAF rebels was °
aimed at the Asians. What
assurance is the Government
going to give these people
(Asians) that this. will never be
repeated? The Asians are an

22

integral part of the Kenyan
society, and they and their
property should be protected
Who is going to compensate
them? Insurance companies are
busy showing everyone all those
hidden clauses in their insurance
policies. .
. Madhu Shah,
Nairobi.
ane

THE abortive cuup attempt dis-
mayed all wananchi except in a.
few places, such as, Kisumu

where some rejoiced.
Barasa wa Mukonyi,
Malava.

aad
YOUR editorial on looted
property (Daily Nation, August
10) hit the nail on the head.
I agree that the police in their
search for looted property are

being unfair to some peoplé by

taking their personal belongings

just because they look too good
for the owners.

J.N. Mwaura,

xan Nairobi.

FOR the few hours we were under
the Air Force rule (the rebels
claimed ‘so) we saw the true
colour of military rule, It was red
— bloody red!

It’s high time our leaders and
wananchi thought more deeply’
about what happened in tne
dawn of August 1.

- “Peace Lover,”
Mombasa.



He said he took off from the Eastleigh base without knowing the precise
direction to follow as he did not have a map.

He said he flew blindly until after he was five miles inside Tanzania, east
of Namanga, when a passing Swiss airliner gave him the frequency beacons
that helped him reach dar es”Salaam airport. [passage omitted]

Asked about the role played by Maj Marende during the flight, Leshani said
Marende was mostly used to small training planes, but helped him level up
the airport when it was airborne, he added. He said the flight to Tanzania,
was daring and dangerous because a buffalo plane required at least three
people--a captain, copilot and navigator--to fly it.

Earlier he told the court his primary responsibility after he got into the
aircraft was to ensure the security of the plane and the safety of the crew.
For this reason, he said, Dar es Salaam was to him a safer airport as he did
not have a clearance permit to fly into Tanzania.

Cross examined by the defence lawyer Maj Leshani denied he had prior knowledge
of a military uprising in Kenya when he arrived at the communications oper-
ation centre at the Eastleigh air force base.

He admitted, however, that he saw a few soldiers armed with weapons at the
base but that it did not make him suspect there was something unusual in the
country.

Responding to another question by the defence lawyer, Mr Uzanda, Maj Leshani
said there was slightly over 50 armed soldiers at the base and that he re-
membered to have heard a few shots around the base.

At this point, the senior state attorney, Mr Mwipopo, objected to the line of
approach, saying the defence was trying to turn the extradition case into a
political one.

But the objection was overruled by the magistrate, who said the question was
relevant to enable the court to deduce evidence to enable him to decide
whether or not the accused had committed a criminal offence.

The cross examination resumes today.

cso: 4700/1831

18



ZIMCORD FUND SPENDING FIGURES RELEASED

Harare THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

THE MUCH awaited report oa Zimcord funds, which
was tabled in Parliament on Tuesday, showed that
$576 million has been committed or spent on identified
projects leaving a pledged balance of $823 million.
The following table shows some of the larger donors

and in particular imstances where considerable amounts _

of pledged money has, been committed:

Donor Country/ To Amount Balance
Agency Pledge | Committed
($m) ~ ($m) ($m)
Canada vvencniveme 30,0 23,0 10,0
China 17,3 173 —
EEC, 120,0 35,0 85,0
" 1980/82
France cence 70 33,0 _
1982/3
38,0 -
KUWalt nnn ue 88,0 33,0 5,0
Netherlands sncvinun 94 85 09
Nigeria 1A 9,5 20
OPEC 72 72 _
Saudi Aj a 35,0 35,0 _
Switzerland ..——- 16,8 164 0,2
Sweden 48,3 21,4 26,9
UK 165,0 83,0 82,0
USAD... 201,0 55,0: 146,0
West Germany... 57,0 35,0 22.0
World Bank ....  330,0 82,0 248,

‘In- some instances the figures do not exactly balance
due to fluctuating exchange rates and additional pledges.

By December 31: last year, Treasury had disbursed
the following funds to Govertiment ministries and im-
plementing agencies for the reconstruction and rehabili-
tation programme:

Ministry/Agency Total funds disbursed ($)
Min. of Lands, Resettlement
and Rural Development 16 041 617,31

101.

ZIMBABWE



cso:

“I was elected by Canu
members,” Mr Likando
replies.

The claim that Canu
was defunct and ‘only
claimed support, did not tie
up with the fact that the
tribal authorities had said
they would only permit
Canu to operate in Caprivi
if they formed an alliance
with the DTA in Caprivi,
according to Mr Likando.

He referred to a meeting
between the Exécutive
Committee of the Caprivi
Administration and Canu
in- November 1981 con-
yerning ‘a fetter from the
AG (Mr Danie Hough)
dealing with Canu.

“Why do they (the tribal
authorities) go about telling
people that should they
find a person with a Canu
(membership) card, he. or!

she will pay 24
head of cattle if

we were not a threat?",
Mr Likando continued.

Jammed

The Canu official then

| goes on to describe a visit
in 1978 by the UN team
(under Special Represen-
tative Martti Ahtisaari) to
Katima Mulilo when “the
sanitary system jammed”
from “the DTA T-shirts
which were being thrown
into toilets.”

On the accusation that
he had tried to drive a
_wedge between the two

4700/1822

tribal authorities on the
border dispute, Mr
Likando said: “If there is
we. border. dispute in
Caprivi, why did the AG
appoint a commission of
inquiry into border dis-
putes in Caprivi?”
He added: “If I’m driv-
ing a wedge between the
__two tribes, who sent Chief :
Mamili to go to Silumbi
School to declare it his
area of control and remove
all Basubia teachers and
replace them with Mafwe
teachers?

“Who — sent Chief
Mamili’s tribesmen to drive
the cattle into the fields of
the Basubia people at
Kalimbeza, east of Katima
Mulilo?”

According to Mr
Likando, the Police in
Caprivi did not intervene in
some such cases.

CONFUSE

Quoting from a Canu
report, Mr Likando says:
“Chief Mamili of the
Mafwe wants to secede!
part of Caprivi and have!
his kingdom. He is
demanding a _ border
demarcation line between
the Basubia tribe and
himself. He is supported by
the local colonial ad-
ministration and they are
doing so to confuse the

ple.”

“This is true and is a fact
which the AG and Dirk
Mudge knows very well,”
comments Mr Likando.

Canv’s attitude to the
tribal-led leaders was that
“they talk of _ tribal
authority, we talk of
national unity.”

30

The movement did not
intend directing its struggle
for independence against
the traditional institutions.
“We know their terms of
reference as traditional
leaders.”

Canu had already for-
mulated its policy towards
traditional institutions in

“an independent state of

Itenge, for which Canu
was striving, Mr Likando
elaborated.

“The AG must consider
the case of Caprivi very
seriously. What is happen-
ing here in Namibia is quite
different from what i

The ‘authorities’ in
Caprivi recognised the ex-
istence of Canu. On the
return of some of its
members from exile in
1980, they were informed
of Canu’s aims and objec-
tives. OF

“From the time we
parted with Swapo we had
taken a different line
altogether. The sons and
daughters of Caprivi who
were fighting a bush war
with Swapo had opted to
achieve independence
through peaceful means,”
said Mr Likando in
reference to the amnesty
offered to Swapo exiles and
accepted by some. 200
Canu members in Zambia.

After merging in 1964,
conflict finally drove
Swapo and Canu apart in
1980 with the declared
revival of the latter by
Mishake Muyongo who
had been deposed as
Swapo’s vice-president.



cso:

have offered couples a range of incentives — including bigger
pensions and good schooling for their only child — in an effort
to achieve zero population growth by 2000.

Zimbabwe’s population is expected to stop growing when
it hits 64 million in the year 2100. That estimate is based on
a present population of 7,5 million. What if the national census
puts our population at 10,5 million instead? -

We owe Zimbabwe's future generations a living. Let’s leave
them a land that’s worth living in.

4700/1820

111



SOUTH AFRICA

SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, POLITICAL EFFORTS OF TRADE UNIONS DISCUSSED
Johannesburg RAPPORT in Afrikaans 18 Jul 82 p 3

[Article by Deon Delport: "Black Trade Unions Increasingly Open to Red
Influences"] :

[Text] Professor Nic Wiehahn, who led the study on labor legislation in
South Africa, says that black trade unions are becoming more and more
socialist oriented. The consequence of this is that they are;getting further
away from the prevailing free market system.

In an interview with RAPPORT Wiehahn, professor in labor relations at the
Industrial School of the University of South Africa, said that trade unions
are being exposed to communist or radical socialist influences, because they
are not being involved as partners in South Africa's free market economy.

He said: “However, I reject the general view that trade unions are inherently
communist or socialist. As has happened in certain instances this is because
they have not been educated in noncommunist or nonsocialist ideologies."

The existence of office workers trade unions at a high administration level
is proof that the trade unions do not necessarily have to be radical socialist
in nature.

"But we have not succeeded in filling in these ideological elements and this
has already led to the polarization of trade unions against our system."

He warned that a solution must be found for the political problems of the
urban blacks.

Prof Wiehahn said: "History has already shown that trade unions and workers
have utilized the labor field as a channel for their political energies.
This is an unhealthy. situation."

“If you want trade unions to support free market systems you must explain to
them that they are to benefit from such systems--perhaps they are not even
aware of this."

To a large extent we have inherited our industrial relations culture from

Britain. This has been a homogeneous one and has made provisions only for
the whites.

54



STATE NEWS SERVICE 'TOO SLOW,' SAYS SADZA

Harare THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 82 p 11

[Article by Arnold Raphael]

[text]

LONDON.
ZIMBABWE'S: Govern-
nent information service
should provide speedier
and fuller coverage of in-
cidents and issues of
international interest,

This was said here by
Dr Dayidson Sadza, chair-
man of the Mass Media
Trust and of Zimbabwe
Newspapers.

Commenting on his
recent United States
government - sponsored
visit to America, he ob:
served: “I found what I
san only describe ag a
thirst for information on
Zimbabwe. But that thirst
was not being slaked. The ©
oroblem ig that we do not |
move fast enough for
them, especially in hand-
ling sensational stories.”

Harare would issue @
brief statement giving the
bare facts but would be
_slow in following up. “We

csO: 4700/1820

need to be much more on
our toes. For the Ameri-
cans it 1s not good enough
to wait for a background
piece. They won't wait.
‘They want an immediate
service.

“The result is that their
papers by and large print
only the sensational as-
pects of story from Zim-
pabwe. If we were quicker
with a follow-up giving
the wider implications we
would get a far more
balanced and com-
prehensive coverage in the
American and other over-
seas papers.”

Dr Sadza said that the
US International Com-
munications Agency ex-
change programme
enabled him to meet lead-
ing newspaper publishers,
editors and heads of news
agencies.

“It enabled me to ac-
quaint myself with the
media in the United

108

ZIMBABWE

States ‘and also gave me
the opportunity of talking
about .our mass media in
Zimbabwe. It was a very
rewarding and instructive
exercise.”

While in London, Dr
Sadza called on the Act-
ing High Commissioner,
Cde S, M. Kajese, had
talks at- the African

Educational Trust, and
met senior executives at
Reuters, Associated Press
and Thomson Regional
‘Newspapers.

Yesterday he attended a
planning meeting at the
-Thomson Foundation for a
sub-editors’ workshop in
Harare later in the year.

The Commonwealth
Press Union was also rep-
resented at the meeting.

The Minister of In-
formation, Dr Nathan
Shamuyarira, is expected
im London today for what
ig believed to be a private
visit.



At the same time the Security Branch had been instructed to make an all-out
effort to apprehend those responsible for Thursday's outrages in Johannesburg.

The first signs of pro-PLO and pro-Israeli animosity in the city were seen
nearly a week earlier during clashes between rival student groups at the
University of the Witwatersrand.

A pro-PLO meeting was arranged by the Black Students' Society (BSS) which
has many Indian Muslim members and a pro-Israel meeting by the South African
Union of Jewish Students (SAUJS).

Since Thursday's painting of slogans on synagogues, leftwing and rightwing
student groups have blamed each other saying that those responsible were
trying to reap political gain for the forthcoming Student Representative
Council (SRC) elections.

But these claims were dismissed yesterday by General Coetzee, who said the
police viewed the outburst of anti-Semitism seriously and that the outburst
had far greater ramifications than a mere student conflict.

Professor Arkin said that recently both in Cape Town and Johannesburg certain
newspapers catering for blacks had been publishing articles that were
virulently anti-Jewish and sympathetic towards the PLO in Lebanon.

Of the newspaper in Capetown which circulated mainly among Muslim readers,
Professor Arkin said: "We believe that this newspaper is possibly being
financed by Arab oil money."

He believes that those behind the anti-Jewish outburst were radicals and
could include whites.

"T think they could even include Jews.

"Eyen in the Jewish community there are those who don't understand the
complex Lebanese situation and are opposed to Israel's attack on the PLO
in Beirut," Prof Arkin said.

Virulently anti-Jewish pamphlets distributed to accompany the synagogue
daubings were ostensibly issued by the "Wits Broad Left,"

Mr Jeremy Clark, president of the Wits SRC who identified himself with the
Nits Broad Left" said it was a generic term used to describe people of a
particular point of view but was not an organisation and would not issue
pamphlets.

The SRC completely dissociated itself from the pamphlets which he said were
issued as an obvious attempt by "opposition groups" to discredit the SRC.

Mr Clarke said he did not think any students had been responsible for

organising the anti-Jewish outburst on Thursday although they might have
been participants."

72



BRIEFS

FOOD PRICES, MINIMUM WAGES INCREASED--The government has announced higher
prices for certain foodstuffs and a rise in minimum wages. The increases

are published in today's issue of the KENYA GAZETTE. As from today, the
price of a 2-kg packet of sifted maizemeal in Nairobi and Mombasa will cost
5.95 shillings instead of 4.70 shillings. A half-kilo white loaf will cost
2.40 shillings in Nairobi, while a half-kilo brown loaf will sell at 2.30
shillings. Other types of bread of the same weight will cost 2.90 or 2.95
shillings depending on the area. The price of a 2-kg packet of wheat flour
in Nairobi will be 7.55 shillings. The new minimum monthly wage for laborers
in Nairobi and Mombasa will be 480 shillings while the new minimum for miners,
stonecutters and waiters will be 536 shillings per month in Nairobi and 518
in Mombasa. [Summary] [EA201730 Nairobi Domestic Service in English 1000 GMT
20 Aug 82]

KENYAN MP IN TANZANIA--Nairobi: a fourth Kenyan MP was ordered to hand over
his passport to immigration officers today as the authorities continued a
(?clampdown) [words indistinct] unsuccessful coup attempt on 1 August. The
latest politician who surrendered his travel document was (James Aggrey
Orengo), a practicing lawyer, who surrendered his passport to immigration
officers [words indistinct]. (passage omitted] [Excerpt] [EA262244 Dar
es Salaam in English to East Central and Southern Africa 1800 GMT 26 Aug 82]

PARLIAMENT MEMBERS' PASSPORTS SEIZED--Immigration officials yesterday con-
fiscated the passport of Kitutu East MP Abuya Abuya. Speaking to newsmen
yesterday, Mr Abuya said he had handed the passport over to Mr Tom Nyamongo
and Mr Paul Amdanyi at 9 a.m. at parliament buildings. [passage omitted]

Mr Abuya said the officials gave no reasons for taking away the passport

and only said the government wanted it. The officials told him to contact
the immigration department whenever he wanted to travel. The MP is the sixth
person whose passport has been impounded by the government in recent weeks.
Others were a former vice-president Oginga Odinga, the former editor-in-chief
of the STANDARD, Mr George Githii, Wundanyi MP Mashengu Wa Mwachofi, Kilifi
South MP Chibule Wa Tsuma and the former chairman of the Kenya Film Corpor-
ation, Mr Ochieng Oneko. [Excerpts] [EA251436 Nairobi DAILY NATION in
English 25 Aug 82 p 1--by John Nyamu]

BUSINESSMEN ASKED TO SHOW TRUST--The minister for lands, settlement and physi-
cal planning, Mr G. G. Kariuki, has appealed to Kenyan businessmen to shun

24



SWISS-SA VENTURE--A leading Swiss-based investment consultancy, GUV Ag,
specialising in property opportunities in South Africa has launched an
industrial division, says its German consulting partner, Armin Hurtz.

Since the recent launch, GUV has been inundated with more than 600 applicas
tions for investment advice in South Africa, says Mr Hurtz., "Of these
anticipated 600 annual applicants, 15-20 middle-sized companies will emerge
to invest large sums in this country. "So far most German and Swiss investors
have shown a preference for industrial and commercial property in this
country." The consultancy services mainly middle-income private companies
with turnovers from R25-million to R250-million a year, ‘Many are privately
owned, some have been in the same families for generations and they are now
testing the ground outside their traditional domain, "Potential investors
who have not visited South Africa are often poorly--even adversely~-informed
about the country. "Before bringing them here on an investment-oriented tour
we must first demolish their many misconceptions and a plethora of
prejudices," says Mr Hurtz, Yet, after a familiarisation visit, most clients
feel more confident about investing in South Africa, Though GUV concentrates
on commercial, office and shopping properties a properly programmed indus-
trial division should bring an additional 10-15 investors "as long as we
brief them before the visits." Mr Hurtz feels that Europe's consultancies
must become more service-oriented and bring clients personally to the country
rather than send them here with a list of contacts, "Personal introduction
to one's sources will always win the day, Giving them an address list is not
the way." [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English

8 Aug 82 p 4]

CEMENT PRICE RISE--The cement price is to be increased by 22,35c a 50kg
bag from October 1 as a first step by the industry to generate an estimated
R2 000-million., This is the sum required to provide additional production
capacity so as to meet the expected demand over the next 10 years, The
increase, announced by the South African Cement Producers Association
represents a rise of about 7,5 percent on the average price of a 50kg bag.
The executive director of the association, Mr G.E. Taylor, said that the
increase was necessary in the long term to generate the required capital
for expansion and to ensure adequate company profits for strong balance
sheets and at the same time to offer a fair return to shareholders, In
addition, producers had to cope with current high interest rates, increased
taxation and rising costs, he said. "The cement producers have also faced
the problem of significant increases over a number of years in the cost of
the kraft paper used in the 50kg cement bags. "As a first step in correcting
what has been an under-recovery situation, the differential between the
price of bulk cement and bagged cement has been increased from 12c to 18c."
Mr Taylor said that the chairman of the Cement Producers Association, in
his annual review for 1981 released in April, clearly outlined the problems
facing the cement industry, "and we are now taking steps to handle these
problems," He added that there were clear indieations that the majority of
customers preferred smaller, more frequent price increases announced well
in advance rather than a big annual increase, [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY
TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 p 3]

90



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

BULGARIAN MEDALS AWARDED--In a ceremony yesterday in the great hall of the
Luanda Provincial Commissariat, medals were presented to leaders of our party
who are members of the Arrangement Committee for the commemoration of the
1300th anniversary of the People's Republic of Bulgaria. The commemorative
medals, inscribed "Bulgaria, 1300 Years," were presented on behalf of the
Bulgarian Council of State by Bojan Mihailov, Bulgaria's ambassador extra—
ordinary and plenipotentiary in our country, to comrades Ambrosio Lukoki, of
the Political Bureau of the party, and to Afonso Van Dunem (Mbinda), Ruth
Neto and Antonio Jacinto, all members of the MPLA-Labor Party Central Commit-
tee. [Excerpts] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Jul 82 p 2] 6362

COMMISSIONERS, AMBASSADORS SWORN IN--Luanda, 20 Aug (ANGOP)—-Jose Eduardo
Dos Santos, chairman of the MPLA-Labor Party and president of the People's
Republic of Angola, this morning at the Futungo de Belas in Luanda, presided
over the swearing in ceremony of new provincial commissioners for Cabinda,
Huambo, Kuando-Kubango, Luanda north and Zaire; respectively, Armando Demeo,
Ernesto Dos Santos, Francisco Tuta Jelim Paim and Jorge Barros Tchimpuati.
Also included in the swearing in ceremony were the following deputy provin-
cial commissioners: Lucio Amaral (Huambo Province), Francisco Ramos Da
Cruz (Benguela) and Walter Luis Vieigas (Huila). The president also received
the oath of allegiance from the new ambassadors to Portugal and Sweden;
namely, Fernando Franca Van-Dunen and Garcia Vaz Contreiras. Present at
the ceremony were Evaristo Kimba, minister of provincial coordination;

Paulo Jorge, foreign minister; and Carlos Fernandes, secretary to the
presidency for foreign relations. [Text] [AB221059 Luanda ANGOP in French
1042 GME 22 Aug 82]

cso: 4719/1333



TT

Denial

A printing company, Brill Brothers, whose name was linked in newspaper
reports on Friday as having done some of the preparatory work on the pamphlet
placed an advertisement in today's Sunday Times.

The advertisement says the company denies emphatically that it printed or
was in any way involved in preparatory work on the pamphlet.

It adds that the directors of the company wish to assure the Jewish community
and all sectors of the South African population of their bona fides as
commercial printers.

cso: 4700/1815

73



INVESTMENT IN SASOL CONSIDERED SAFE

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 9 Aug 82 p 10

[Article by Adam Payne:

[text]

cso:

IGNORING the view
that Sasol’s chart is
bearish with the price
down from nearly 500¢
in October 1980 to 330c
now,:a Johannesburg
Stock Exchange ana-
lyst considers the com-
pany a safe investment
that should achieve
dividend growth of 157
a@ year. ;

* He considers its perfor-
mance will be better than the

average industrial company, ©

which suggests that the share
rice will prove more resil-
lent than most. Even so, he

suggests buying at 3300. °

In a large well-researched
report he stresses that Sasol
is commercially viable be-
cause of the protection it
receives on motor fuels. This
amounts to nearly 6c a litre
— a bonus of more than 20%
compared with the prices re-
ceived by the oil. companies,

The difference between the
82,6c received by the refiner-
jes and the 64,6c paid at the
pump is explained by. taxes
and levies amounting to
about 28,3c a litre plus the
dealer’s margin of 3,7¢.

Protection given to indig-
enous fuels is substantial.
Over and above the rebate of
about 3,9c a litre, Sasol bene-
fits from lower transport
costs which result in a total
advantage of about 6c a litre.

The Government has guar-
anteed Sasol that the price of
its fuels will be allowed to
follow the international oil
price. In spite of decreases
overseas, oil has not fallen in
price for SA because of the

4700/1815

reduced buying power of the ©
rand.

Even in the event of the oil
price falling in rand terms,
there is sufficient fat in the
levies and elsewhere to allow
Sasol to achieve profit
growth, says the analyst.

“When buying Sasol shares
one is essentially acquiring a
stake in a company which is
effectively underwriten by
the State.

“Demand for its product is
assured and with the low-cost
funding supplied by the State,
financial risk is negligible.

“My calculations — which
by the very nature of medi-
um-term forecasting must be
tentative — suggest that the
immediate benefits to Sasol

Ltd of acquiring Sasol 2 will

be small. The acquisition
seems likely to take place in
1984-85 and may require Sa-
sol to raise Ri 000-million by
a rights issue.”

The rey discusses the
produets of the three plants,
the financing and the market
outlook for chemical produc-
tion. Points made are:

Although the gasification-
synthesis process used by Sa-
sol is being overtaken by
changing technology, its

lants work and are suited to.
uth Africa’s low-cost high
ash coal. The first commer-
cial direct liquefaction plant
is probably eight to 10 years
away.
: 1 2 and $ will derive a
far lower proportion of their
sales from non-fuel products
than Sasol 1. Because of this,
Secunda is likely to be less
profitable and fess flexible
than the existing coal-based
activities at Sasol 1.

Although the Saudi Arabi-
an market price has held at
$34 a barrel, sales of crude oil

79

"Why Sasol Looks a Good Buy"']

are taking place at lower lev-
els. The analyst says oil prices
are, not likely to rise before

Sasol 2 and.3 will experi-
ence accelerating gomh in
the second half of the Eight-
ies. This will result from an
almost static depreciation
charge, falling interest pay-
ments and profit-margin

ins derived from new pro-

jucts and more efficient use
of existing facilities. With the
acquisition of Sasol 2 and lat-
er Sasol 3, earnings growth is
likely to gain momentum.

As a commercial under-
taking Sasol is unique. The
State has acted as banker for
its expansion programme
with “interest” being paid on
a deferred basis.

The demand for its pro-
ducts is virtually open-ended.

Although profits will grow
rapidly, shareholders should
not expect great earnings in-
creases. Because of the subsi-
dy and funding assistance
given by the State, it is unre-
alistic to believe that Sasol
will be allowed to make su-
per-normal profits.

Having been a weak per-
former for the last two years,
the shares are now at an at-
tractive price and: set to
achieve superior perfor-
mance. There are however,
two factors which could im-
pede the share's perform-
ance. .

Firstly, disenchantment
with oil shares overseas
could increase sales of Sa-
sol’s shares from abroad.

Secondly, with every South
African institution loaded to
the gunwales: with Sasol and
with the prospect of a major
rights issue many will be re-
luctant buyers.



ANGOLA

MERITS OF ANGOLAN SCHOOLS IN CUBA EXTOLLED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Jul 82 p 2
[Article written in collaboration with Cuban Ministry of Education]

[Text] Few jobs are as inspiring as teaching, particularly when it is per-
formed under the conditions offered in the basic secondary farm schools
[ESBEC]. The work goes really well, in a useful and, above all, efficient
manner.

The ESBEC's, as the Cubans call them, using the acronym for Basic Secondary
Farm Schools, are educational centers of modern construction, built near the
complexes for agricultural development, citrus, dairy, fruit and tobacco
farming, etc.

The advantageous geographic location of these schools enable the students to
perform various tasks around the center, in accordance with the revolutionary
principle that conceives of education as the harmonious blend of work and
study. This is one of the reasons why the ESBEC's have attracted the inter-
est of old and young people alike. The other reason is the impressive basic
material with which they are equipped.

Recently we talked with Gilberto Amaral Macedo, an Angolan teacher at the
Agostinho Neto ESBEC on the Isle of Youth. He spoke of the importance of the
teaching methods used there, which allows the students to gain an adequate
understanding of the body of the teaching material. "This school has a rich
material base; physics and chemistry laboratories and other classrooms are
suitably equipped and the teachers use all this material correctly in their
classes. The students here have a real opportunity to test in practice the
theoretical: knowledge they have acquired in the school, which makes full
achievement of the educational goals possible."

The library, in constant use by students and teachers, has a phonograph, a
tape recorder and a full range of books.

When required for the classes, particularly the physics, chemistry and biology
classes, microscopes, test tubes, titrates, magnifying glasses, beakers, am-
meters, thermometers, animal specimens and an extensive variety of materials
are available in the laboratories and are used by the 378 students in the most



ROMANIA ENVOY URGES CLOSER ECONOMIC LINKS

Harare THE HERALD in English 20 Aug 82 p 13

[text]

cso:

TRADE relations between
Zimbabwe and Romania
should be improved to
boost the two countries’
economies, a high ranking
official of the Romanian
Embassy said yesterday.

In an interview in Ha-
rare, Dr Gheorghe Dragos,
Deputy Chief of Mission,
said e two countries,
whose economies were of
a complimentary nature,
should find ways and
means to better their
trade relations.

“It would be for the
good of .all our people.
‘There is good scope for us
to improve our trade ex-
changes,” he said. .

He praised the Govern-
ments efforts to raise the
standard of living for all
the one and put the
country on @ proper eco-
nomic, social and political
footing.

What the Government
has done in reconstructing
the country since inde-
pendence was a magnifi-
cent achievement, “I com-
mend your Government for
having achieved 40 much
in such a short period of
time.

“T don’t think that
there are many countries
in the world which could
have done so much under
very delicate circum-
stances.” -

4220/1820

107

‘The reforms that were
being carried out in vari-
ous fields of life indicated
a good and prosperous fu-
ture for the country.

“The Government's ob-
jectives in national re-
construction, rehabilita-
tion, the unification of
armies, resettlement, edu-
cation, women’s emanci-
pation and health services
are tremendous indeed,”
he said. :

He also praised the
Government’s socialist
stand as the only realistic
way to develop the coun-
try and the people. “It is
the only way of emancipa-
ting the masses.

“This stand, _being
spearheaded by the Prime
Minister, Cde © Mugabe,
who is regarded as one
of the most brilliant lead-
ers in Africa, will pre-
vent Zimbabweans from
being exploited by devel-
oped countries.”
> Romania gave material
‘support to ZANU (PF)
during the war and was
one of the first countries
to open an embassy in
Zimbabwe after independ-
ence.

“The youth must be
educated and politicised
for soctalism to succeed.
If a party wants to be
strong, it has to concen-
trate on organising the
youth,” Cde Dragos said.

ZIMBABWE



FINANCE SECTOR INVOLVED IN STRUGGLE FOR MARKET SHARE

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 1

[Article by John Spira:

[text]

cso:

"Banking's Big Guns Are Blazing"]

A GARGANTUAN struggle
for market share is develop-
ing in South Africa’s R8 400-

million finance sector.

Main combatants are Barclays
and Standard, which: together con-"

trol 54% of the coun’

's hire-pur-
chase and leasing business.

Judging from comments made by the
chief executives of the two groups dur-

ing the past

two weeks, both are suffer-
ing casualties in the conflict.

Conrad Strauss reported that:

Stanbic’s 12,6% half-year
it rise had been inhibited
losses suffered at Stannic,
group’s financing arm.
Barelays's Bob Aldworth

bank subsidiary. os
saareis provabiy 8 symto
is ly a symptom
of the fact that last year
these banks-took a view on
interest rates. and came up
with the wrong answer.
wrote business: at

fixed rates, g inter-
est rates to decine ts year.

Had they read the market
correctly, they would now be
‘araing income at high rates
but paying for money at low
rates, thereby reaping ex-
panded profit margins.

But, because interest rates
have remained high, margins
are being severely squeezed.

4700/1815

°“Phey are now trying to en-
sure that they maintain or
increasé market share in or-
der to grow, trusting that the

fit pendulum: will swing
the other way once interest
rates begin to ease off. _
~And, since 90% of hire-pur-
chase ‘business is done with
the motor industry (and HP
accounts for 63% of the total
finance market), the prospect
of declining car sales will
mean an intensified struggle
for business in a shrinking
market.

‘To date, it seems that Bar-
clays is getting the upper

hand.
“In March 1981, Barclays’s
total share of the finance
“market was 26,2%..° ts
March this year its pro-
portion had ison to 311%,
principally because Wesbank
made substantial inroads
into the hire-purchase

77

sphere, raising its share of
this market from 26% to
33,6%.

Moreover, it is a trend
which is evidently continu-
ing, with Wesbank having
written a record R113-mil-
lion worth of business in.
June.
paandard, on the other

, losing ground.

In’ March 1981, Standard
controlled 27,9%. of total fi-
nance business. By March
this year the figure had fallen
to 23,3%. *

During this period, Stan-
nic’s share of the hire-pur-
chase market fell from 24,2%
to 19,4%.

Standard also shed market
share (from 33,3% to 30%) in
the leasing market, while
Barclays made marginal in-
roads, pushing up its slice of
the cake from 26,5% to 26,7%.
. Of the country’s total fi-

and léasing R3 100-million.
-- Other major forces in the
finance market are Bankorp
Gest Bank, Santam and
nbank) with a 21% share,
Nedbank with 9,9% and
Volkskas with 6,1%.

In the 12 months to March
this year, Nedbank was the
only group other than Bar-
clays to have gained market
share (up from 8%).

Bankovs slipped from
21,9% and Volkskas from
6,7%, ostensibly because of
the scramble for hire-pur-
chase business — an area
where both groups lost
ground.



ZIMBABWE

NHIWATIWA REJECTS CHARGES OF BIAS IN PAPERS, ZBC
Harare THE HERALD in English 19 Aug 82 p 4

[Text]

THE duty of the Zim-
babwe mass media is
to mirror the activities
of society asa whole
and evolve an image
ef the nation as aj
whole, the Deputy
Minister of Posts
and Telecommunica-
tions, Cde Naomi
Nhiwatiwa, told the

Senate. *
Replying to points mad
during the debate on the
President's speech, Cde
Nhiwatiwa rejected claims
that the mass media was
partisan and did not
criticise the Government.

+ Government ministers,
officials and citizens ap-

d on television and
‘were featured on the radio’
and in newspapers regard-
less of their political af-
filiations.

‘All political parties that
Yequired coverage were
given time and space. The
problem with ZAPU was
that it had no national
songs and no national
interest to promote and
protect, she added. When
ZAPU said the media was
Diased it meant that i
was not able to “hero
worship” its leader, Dr
Joshua Nkomo.

CSO: 4700/1820

It would not be allowed
to do so because there
was only one Prime Minis-

serve, individual or sec-
tional interests, but the
national interest alone,
Ode Nhiwatiwa said.

‘The Government had
been forced by technology
to buy colour television
transmitters and. equip--
ment. Many ‘ countries
‘were now only making co-
lour equipment and it was
difficult to service or
repair monochrome equips
ment because spare pi
were rare and expensive.

She did not believe it
was wrong ‘to use foreign
currency to introduce co-
lour television and
negotiations were under
way to set aside a limited
amount of foreign cur-
rency for colour sets,

She agreed that there
were occasional delays in
telephone exchanges and
that this was largely due

the exodus of skilled
hite staff after in-
dependence.

But the Posts and
Telecommunications Cor-
poration was undertaking
massive training — pro-
grammes and the three-
year transitional  de-
velopment plan would ex-
pand and rehabilitate the
equipment and capacity of
the PTC. -

103

‘The Deputy Minister of
Finance, Economic Plan«
ning and Development,
Cde Moton Mallanga, told
the Senate that the plan
was now in its final
stages of preparation and
was expected to be rel-
eased in September or Oc-
tober.

His ministry needed
time to prepare “such an
important document” and
hold further discussions so
that the plan could
adequately reflect
national objectives.

The amount of Zimcord
funds ‘committed to
specific projects had now
risen to $576 million and
this was impressive m
view of the enormous dif-
ficulties the ministry had
faced in processing the
Pledges.

Cde Malianga clarified
the tax position of com-
panies and said that if, for
example, a company made
$100 profit, 51,75 percent
or $51,75 would be paid in
income tax. The company
would be left with $48,25.

Hf the whole amount
was distributed as a
dividend, it would be sub-
ject to a 20 percent
dividend tax, or $8,69,
which would-leave share-
holders with $38,16, and
not $28 ag one senator had
claimed.



Treurnicht, leader of the CP, made it clear that his party was ready to
oppose the HNP in Parys unless it withdrew its candidate, Dr Pieter van
Dussen, who is already canvassing. Mr Louis Stofberg, general secretary of
the HNP said it was clear after Germiston District that the CP could not
defeat the NP without the support of the HNP, The NP holds a nomination
election among its four candidates for Parys on Friday, The four are Mr
Ben Nel, Mr Pikkie Maree, Mr Colie van Coller and Mr Izak Cronje. [text]
{johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 24 Aug 82 p 8]

WITBANK TERROR TRIAL--A Mozambiquean citizen, Mr Rogerio Hoffsami Chamusso
(32), appeared briefly in the Pretoria Supreme Court yesterday on charges

of terrorism and murder, The State's case was that he had used explosives
to damage a transformer at the Transalloys Escom power substation at Witbank
on October 23 last year. The State also alleged that he had received military
training in Mozambique and Angola from 1979 to October 1981, Another charge
concerns the murders of Mr L.A.Mans and Mr H.R.G, Booysen in the Witbank
district last October 23. According to the charge sheet, Mr Chamuss was
found in possession of explosives and Russian ammunition’ including a Makarov
pistol. He was not asked to plead to any of the charges and Mr Justice W.J.
Human remanded the case until today. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 24 Aug 82 p 9]

OFS BARS INDIANS--Sasolburg in the Free State is scheduled to become part

of the Vaal Triangle metropolitan area, but Indians will still be barred
from settling in the town, at least in the foreseeable future. That is the
implicit effect of part of the Prime Minister's new Vaal River development
plan released last week, Guidelines for the future plan of the Vaal
Triangle as a metropolitan complex indicate the area--comprising the Trans-
vaal towns of Vanderbijlpark, Meyerton and Vereeniging and Sasolburg--will
become an independent region within the broader framework of the PWV area.
A member of the Office of the Prime Minister, Mr P.D. Roussouw who unveiled
the plan yesterday denied an Afrikaans newspaper report quoting him as saying
Indians would not be able to live in the Free State in the near future, He
told the Rand Daily Mail: "What I did say is that though Sasolburg is taken
into account in this plan, it does not alter any existing regulations, This
is a plan dealing with land use and it does not alter any existing powers

of the mmicipalities or provincial Acts." However, since existing powers
and regulations are to remain unchanged, it means Indians will still be
barred by law. Mr Roussouw said the plan attemptéd to accommodate the
representations from the different municipalities and had been approved by
the Administrator and the Minister of Constitutional Development, Mr Chris
Heunis. [Text] [Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 10 Aug 82 p 2]

METHANOL POWERED DIESEL=-A new concept in the use of methanol in diesel
engines has been developed by Daimler-Benz of Stuttgart, West Germany, It
is one method of diesel substitution being tested through the initiative of
the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa, A Daimler-Benz
prototype engine has proved extremely efficient in dynamometer tests at the
Bureau of Standards in Pretoria, The engine runs on 100 percent methanol
and its thermal efficiency is surpassed only by the best of direct injection

88



SOUTH AFRICA

"TIMES' POLL SHOWS STRONG SUPPORT FOR PW'S REFORMS
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 pp 1, 2
[Article by Fleur de Villiers]

[text]

THE Prime. Minister. would romp home with a strong
mandate .from:white voters if. a referendum were held
today on his constitutional ‘reforms.

But most white voters believe that the plan should be extended to include
blacks. Nevertheless. a clear majority ‘of Indians and coloureds are re pre

pared to play a role in

the new: constitutional!
dispensation to ims,

prove it.

‘These are three of the most
important findings in a na-
tionwide" opinion ‘poll on the
Prime Minister's guidelines’
for constitutional reform
which was commissioned this
week by the Sunday Times.

The poll shows clearly that
there is a ceiling’ on right-
. wing resistance, with Conser-.
vative Party support stuck at’
a negligible 5,8 percent of the
white electorate.

In sharp contrait, three out
of overy four voters either
sy port Mr Rotha’s plans, or

believe th&t theygdo not ‘go
far enough.

An amazing finding of the
survey, which was conducted
by the leading market re-
search organisation, IMS, is
that, of those who believed
the proposals should be ex-
tended to: include blacks,
nearly one’in three said they
were Nationalists, -

Another is that 50 percent
of those who said they sup-
ported the PFP also said they
would vote “yes” to the pro-
posals in a referendum.

Support

Commenting oi the results
this week, Professor Law-
rence Schlemmer of the Uni-
versity of Natal, who helped
devise the poll, said it was

clear that PFP. Supporters’

and the Indian and coloured
communities felt that the
proposals did not go far.
enough, but were prepared to
give it their support.

Professor Schlemmer, an
internationally recognised
authority on opinion surveys,
said that opposition to the
Prime Minister’s plans was
restricted to the right rather
than the left. -.

But with only 20 percent of
the white voters believing he
was going too far, Mr Botha
would have no difficulty in
winning a referendum.

Even in a_ conservative
stronghold such as the Reef,
fewer than one in three said
they would vote against Mr
Botha’s proposed reforms,

“The Prime Minister |

would obviously have little
difficulty even at grassroots
level,” 'rofessor Schlemmer
said. ‘

56

Breakthrough

It is clear that the Conser-
vative Party has not made its
hoped-for breakthrough and

neither the ‘National Party
nbr the PFP, both of which

lave held’ remarkably
steady, have taken a knock.

The poll has, however, re-
vealed some problem areas
for the Prime Minister:
| The nation ts deeply divid-

on the issue of a powerful

residency, with 40 percent
f the white voters 0] ed
‘0 it and 37 nt in favour.

Most PFP voters, co-
loureds and Indians don’t like
it at all, as well as a nearly

| one in five Nationalists.

‘The country is equally di-
vided on the exclusion -of
blacks from the proposals.

Indians (85. percent) and
eoloureds (86 percent) would
obviously like to see blacks

vincluded.

But so does a-majority (46
percent to 41 percent) of
white voters, especially in!
areas such as Johannesburg,

“Cape Town wn and
‘Cape,



[Editorial: "SA and us"]

[Text]

" WE'VE SAID it often enough — South

Africa must be careful not to commit it-
self in any way to the United States.

We must not become dependent on it — or
heed its wishes. with regard to South
West Africa or South Africa’s own dom-
estic policies if these wishes conflict with
our own interests. ~ G

Our argument has. been the simple one’
that American Presidents are not in of-
fice for ever. There will come a time-when
Mr Reagan is no longer in the White
House and his successor may take a very
different view about us than he does.

We may please Mr Reagan about our will-
ingness to settle the South West African
dispute, on the basis that we want his
and America’s friendship; but we have to
live with the consequences of what hap»
pens in South West Africa under a settle-
ment long after Mr Reagan is no longer
in the White House.

We must, in South West Africa, act strictly
in accordance with our own interests and
those of the territory’s inhabitants.

52

SOUTH AFRICA

DEPENDENCE ON, COMMITMENT TO UNITED STATES DISCOURAGED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Aug 82 p 6

Decide ourselves

Similarly, although the US wishes to see
us committed to constitutional and race
‘reform, it does not mean that we should

~do anything that we don’t want to do in

’ order to please Washington.

‘It is for us to decide what changes we
should make, for we, and not the Ameri-
cans,;-must ‘live with the consequences,
good, bad or indifferent, of our own

plans.” . 2

Mr Pik Botha, our Foreign Minister, said
this week he had not gained the impres-
sion that the United States wanted to
prescribe to us. -

Although it was important for South Afri-
ca to have good relations with the United
States, South: Africa would not be dic-
tated to from abroad on its internal poli-
cies. -

American leaders hoped solutions would
be initiated and applied by South African
leaders themselves, Mr Botha said.

We are pleased. with Mr Botha’s assur-
ances. .



All African Trade Fair in Khartoum.
Consequently export sales of Ethio-
pian wood and products are very
small amouriting to ebout Birr 1 mil-
Boa (or about 0.15% ofl exerts)

The. advantage which the a
has in its strategic location vis-a-vis!
the rich markets of the Gulf bas not!
yet been exploited to the extent shat!
it could. This fect thus calls for al
serious examination of this potential
thorngh the rational utilization of do-
mestic resources in the field and de-
ploying maximum efforts for 6 sus.
tained penetration in these markets.

‘The main features of the Wood and
Wood Produsts’ Industry in Ethiopia
and constraints currently inhibiting
its development could be briefly sum-
marized as follows.

© The forest resource of the cotintry |
has been subject to an alarming rate —
of depletion during the last few
decades resulting in tho present
‘small allocation of logs for primary
wood processing.

© The Government has givon top prl-

_-ority to the conservation and deve- |
lopment -6f- the forest resource of
the country. This implics need for
substantial financial allocation and
specialized know-how. |
Although the indigenous trees of |

Ethiopia are said to be composed of
some 200 sub-tropical species, about
10 only are used in the industry.
Conseq ently these are fast |

14

depleting. Less popular species de- {

‘serve special attention since they
will have to be used in large quan-
titier in the future. This in turn
calls for the strengthening of re-
search on these species with special
emphasis on grouping together spe-
cies which have characteristics suf-
‘ficiently similar to be treated as

one.
© The large amount of forest residu-
es and abundant variety of straw
end grass availeble in the country
has been the subject of a recent
FAO preliminary technical study
which is expected to be further im-
proved upon and supplemented by
an in depth analysis on its economte

viability aspect.
— Wood Processing
* The majority of the plants in the
industry are very old. Consequently
their machinery and pieces of equip-
ment are obsolete and subject to
frequent mechanical breskdown. In
the majority of eases they do not
also have sufficient maintenance
facilities; the saw-doctoring neod Is
particularly acute.
* The supposedly “abundant” raw
material resource of the industry,
i.e. wood, ia in reality quite “scare”
at present. Yet the waste involved
with respect to this “scarce” resour-
oe is very high and its economie
usage vety low. Hence the establish.
ment of plants depending on rela-
tively small volume of wood (e.g.
coment bonded particle board) need
_ to be cor considered.

“ * As it is quite common in similar
activities the industry suffers from

a shortage of skilled manpower. _



of the imperialistic great powers which obviously hatched a new plot to elimi-
nate Palestinian resistance, represented by the PLO, the only legitimate re-
presentative of the Palestinian people.

The Executive Committee noted that the unprecedented demonstration of over
10,000 Israelis against the war in Lebanon, on Saturday 26 June, opened a
large breach in the ranks of internetional Zionism.

Considering the situation in Asia, the AND-JEF MRDN Executive Committee greeted
the formation of a coalition government in Kampuchea, under the presidency of
Samdech Norodom Sihanouk, as this represents an important step in the struggle
of the Cambodian and other nations in Southeast Asia against Vietnamese expan-
sionism, supported at arm's length by Soviet social-imperialism.

The end of the Falkland war tolled the-~ knell of Leopoldo Gualtieri's fascist
regime which wanted to divert the Argentine people from its struggle by launch-
ing itself into a hazardous military adventure. With the end of the war, the
question of the struggle of the Argentine people against economic bankruptcy
and for democratic liberties becomes still more acute. The war showed the
hideous face of the British colonialist power, the policy of force of which

has already worsened the British economic crisis and shall not fail to increase
discontent in the country.

With respect to economy, the National Executive Committee noted the intensifica-
tion of the U.S. imperialistic diktat on the western bloc, which resulted in the
devaluation of the French franc and, as a result, of the CFA franc, and of

the pressures exerted to undermine the relations of West European countries
with the Soviet Union and other East European countries.

With respect to the national situation, the National Executive Committee noted
especially the accelerated penetration of U.S. imperialism in our country, an
especially worrisome symptom of which is the considerable increase in U.S.
aid. It draws the attention of national and international public opinion on
the countless consequences of such a trend which could install our country
still more firmly in the field of competition of the two imperialistic
superpowers. :

After examining Comrade General Secretary Landing Savane's introductory report,
the National Executive Committee unanimously elected its Standing Committee
after a broad clarification debate.

Comrade Mamadou Diop Decroix, assistant general secretary, submitted to the
National Executive Committee a draft of the Movement's work program for the
next six months, stressing especially the preparation for the vacations and
the organization of AND-JEF's central organ: XAREBI-LA LUTTE [The Struggle].

He also discussed questions related to the preparation of the National Cadres

Conference on the Labor and Union Movement, the National Youth Conference and
the National Women's Conference.

43



the idiom of the myth-Afrikaner, the ultra-Afrikaner, for whom culture
possibly means something entirely different than growth and development or
for whom this must be simply a vehicle.

Does: calture mean exclusiveness and power perhaps? Power which is based on
exclusiveness?. Is this the reason why some people want continually to drive
the Afrikaners onto an isolated togetherness, unity in separateness--a
bulwark against the demands and claims of all the others in the country?

Such an attitude surely cuts out any debate on reform; such an attituds says
"no" to an agreement or to an accommodation; such an attitude has a suppres—
sive effect upon all well-meaning initiatives.

This sort of policy is a strange one in the world in which we live. It is
just as dangerous as the other extreme which demands that the Afrikaner
must give up all his defenses, must be absorbed into the greater whole in a
good natured and trusting manner--a greater whole which these reborn people
will apparently be carrying in their hands.

Surely here one thinks of those people branded as "over-enlightened i
Afrikaners" by Prof Julius Jeppe of Stellenbosch. According to him they have
gone beyond the point of enlightenment; they are primarily critical and -
strongly set against the structure, policy and actions of the Nationalist
party and the so-called Afrikaner establishment.

Surely these are the same people who think that only a complete national
split can now still save both country and people...

Professor Jeppe further characterizes these "over-enlightened" as rejecting
the recent initiatives of the Nationalist Party and of the prime minister as
being too late, cosmetic and too little.

In all honesty I want to believe that these "over-enlightened" people are
not going to take Afrikaner thinking in all its aspects by surprise.

Perhaps putting into better light what one refers to as rational thinking
will be of help to them, because there are also other brothers of ours who
very simply want to dispatch rational thinking and well-bred thoughts of
reform as pink liberalism and condemn such things as a sellout... But what do
they call the viewpoints of the over-enlightened who want to reshape society
in a radical manner?

While one points to the Left and to the Right in terms such as these, one
might also want to simply bring in a Potchefstroom thought (that of Prof L.
M. du Plessis in WOORD EN DAAD) with a word of thanks for its formulation.

In his main article he'says that the right is not always correct: The
Pharisees were rightists...and they rejected Christ. Emperor Nero was a
Roman rightist...and murdered many Christians; Hitler was a rightist;
colonialism is a form rightist nationalism.

47



cso:

“says Hannes Buys, chairman

white lation.

The IFI survey represents
a significant step forward in
South African market re-.
search in that it is the first
time that this sector of the
financial community —
which includes banks Bar-
clays, Standard, Nedbank,
Trust, Volkskas and Santam-
bank; building societies UBS,
Allied, NBS, Saambou; insur-
ance giants Sanlam, Old Mu-
tual and Liberty Life — has
been prepared to participate .
in ajoint venture of this kind.

is bringing together of ,
competitive organisations,’
which are not only sharing
the costs of the project but
have alse contributed exten-

_Sive know-how, opens up tre
mendous ities which
could not have been possible
for any individual concern,”
of the MRA standards”
committee.

’ ‘The informatioh gained
from the survey: is expected’:
to provide a comprehensive

~picture describing the finan:
cial holdings, opinions and
habits of the South African

MRA director Nick Slater, *
‘who heads the research team

_working on the project, em-:
phasises that answers will re- :
main strictly ‘confidential, -
with the anonymity of each:
participant assured. .

MRA has already carried
‘out an extensive pilot study:

4700/1815

76

to test’ the ‘validity of the
questionnaire and the degree
‘of acceptance of the IFI

survey.
_“The response was ex-_
‘tremely positive,” says Mr
Slater.

“An interesting feature

, that emerged from the pilot

is that for many people the
exercise of filling in the ques-
tionnaire represented the
first time they had actually:
attempted to clarify where
they stood in terms of their
financial affairs.” .

As an aid to filling in the.
‘questionnaire, the sponsoring
institutions: have collaborat-
ed in producing a compre-
hensive dictionary of finan-
cial terms that will go to”
each participant.

When the TFT results are
computeri sponsors o!
the survey will’ have -the
‘benefit of linking into two
further MRA surveys, AMPS
and Sociomonitor.

“The All Media and Product
“Survey (AMPS) is an annual
-study carried out by MRA for

the South African Advertis-

ing Research Foundation. - .

jomonitor is an ongoing’
research project where the
aim is to record, at regular
intervals, changes occurrin;

‘na wide range of Sout I.

can social trends.



WOOD, WOOD PRODUCTS INDUSTRY:'OF ETHIOPIA

ETHIOPIA

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 10, 11 Aug 82

[Article by Kifle M. Zerom]

[10 Aug 82 pp 2, 4]

text]

' The forest resource of Ethiopia is
composed of natural and man-made
forests, the former having a predo-
minant share of the total. However,
although, relatively speaking, there is
@ rough or approximate estimate of
the area covered by the man-made or
plantation forests, the figures frequ-
ently quoted for natural forests cover-
ed land mass are highly unreliable.
This unfortunate situation results
from the out-dated and extensive na-
ture of the surveys so far carried out.

Nowadays the forest covered land
mass is estimated at about 4.3 million
ha or about 3.5% of the total land
area (ie about 122.2 million ha) of
the country. As compared to esti-
imates given for same some hundred
years ago, that is, abou: 40% or 48.9
million ha, the current situation is
qttite alarming. This serious situation
4s foreseen to further worsen as @ re-
sult of the high rate of deforestation
(estimated at about 200,000 ha per

year) that is currently taking place,

which rate is calculated, unless” cor-
rective measures are taken on. time.
to deplete the curreng forest resour-
ces of the country within 20 years.

Aware of the alarming rate of fores,
resource depletion of the country and
its apparent many negative repercus-
sions (wind and flood erosion, eco-
logy disturbance, wild animals ant
birds extinction) on the development
of the country, the Government of
Socialist Ethiopia has given top pri
ority to the conservation and develop-
ment, and porticularly the rational
utilization of the forest resources in-
cluding reforestation and afforesta-

. tion, through the involvement, and

participation of the concerned govern-
ment ‘and mass organizations. The
level of awareness of the grave nature
of the forest resource depletion and
the dop priority it deserves in the
country’s development programme has
been ones agein underscored during
the Second Regular Plenary Meeting
of the Central Committee of COPWE
(February 1981).

The indigenous trees of Ethiopia
‘are said to be composed of some 200
sub-tropical species out of which
about 10 only are widely used in the
wood and wood products industry.
They are commonly grouped under
four categories:- “conifers, merchant-



DON'T RELY ON OPINION POLL, NP IS WARNED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 24 Aug 82 p10

[text]

‘A TOP political scien-'
‘tist warned that the’

“kidding itself and
heading blindly for the
cliffs edge” if it set too
much-store by the re-
sults of opinion surveys
which reported main-
tained Government
backing of the electo-
rate.

Professor Willem
Kleynhans, professor of
political science at the
University of South
Africa, strongly criticis-
ed the findings — and
interpretation of the
findings — of a survey
reported in an Afri-
kaans Sunday news-
paper at the weekend.

claimed, it was estab-
lished that despite the
close race between the
National Party and the
Conservative Party in

support. :

But, said Prof Kleyn-
hans, it was significant
that this survey had

cso: 4700/1817

been carried out before:
the critical Free State
congress of the NP at
which the party’s hier--
archy had come out into
the open on the contro--
versial power sharing.
issue. .
“Doubtless, since
then many Nationalists
have done a re-think on
the situation and it is”
known that more have
gone over or are going
over to the CP,” Prof
Kleynhans said.

Market and Opinion
Surveys (Pty) Ltd re-

, Ported that in its July
‘survey it established

NP support at a level of

year the NP support
was set at 48,1 percent

and in August last year”

at 51,4 percent. —___
The survey put Pro-
ive Federal Party
backing in July at 20,2
percent, compared with
21,7 percent in April,
21,3 percent in January
and 21,8 percent last

August. aes

CP backing was set at
14,5 percent, compared
with 18,3 in the April
survey.

Prof Kleynhans said

that virtually all so-
called opinion polls
done on the political
thinking of the electo-
rate in the past 10 to 20
years had been proved
wrong when it came to

hard elections.
“Time and again
people have expressed a

different feeling in the
privacy of the polling
Dbeoth to that which
they expressed to a par-
ty canvasser,” he said.
’" He said: “Plainly and
simply South African
voters, and particularly
Afrikaner voters, lie
when approached for
an opinion of this
nature.”

“It is purely and sim-
ply a case of political
immaturity and the
newspapers have play-
ed along with it by in-
terpreting the so-called
“standing ovations” for
the Prime Minister and
other party policy
makers at NP congress-

51

SOUTH AFRICA

es as massive votes of
approval”.

He said that NP ex-
pectations must have
been disappointed with
the Germiston result.
Third of 6000 voters
who had indicated that
they would vote had not
done ‘so. =

“The outcome of the
election, with the Nat-
ionalists just scraping
home against the Con-
servative Party after
confidently predicting a
majority bigger than
the total votes for the
CP and the HNP — has
been a massive slap in
the establishment
face,” Prof Kleynhans
said.

What it proved was
that the party organisa-
tion had collapsed.

Prof Kleynhans said:
“But one thing is really
clear and this is that

the party will have to

build a new party or-
janising machine in the
first place. In the sec-
ond place, if it sets
much store by these
surveys it is heading for
serious trouble.”



Anti-Jewish Vandalism Probed
(Neil Hooper and Boetie Eshak; SUNDAY TIMES, 15 Aug 82) ...

Militant Jewish Underground Admits Role in Wits Incidents
(fony Weaver; SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Aug 82) ......

Major Changes Throughout Financial Sector Expected
(Elizabeth Rouse; SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES,
15 Aug 82) .....ceeeeeeeeeee eae eececcnsseoceces eee ee eee

Finance Sector Involved in Struggle for Market Share
(John Spira; SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES, 8 Aug 82) ...... .

Sabotage Spurs Emphasis on Security Need
(SUNDAY TIMES, 15 Aug 82) .

Investment in Sasol Considered Safe
(Adam Payne; RAND DAILY MAIL, 9 Aug 82) .....

Stevedores Merge in New Service
(THE STAR, 5 Aug 82) ...

Coal Spurs Trade With West Germany
(Frank Jeans; THE STAR, 10 Aug 82) ...

New Plant to Supply Diesel Forgings Planned
(Stephen Orpen; SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES, 8 Aug 82) ....

CP Makes More Inroads Into Afrikaans Student Politics
(Tony Weaver; SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Aug 82) ...eseseeeeeeeeeeeeee

Business Advised to Prepare for Upswing
(THE CITIZEN, 24 Aug 82) .......-eeeee bee e eee ree eee cenees

NP Aims To Protect White Interests
(Jaap Theron; THE CITIZEN, 24 Aug 82) ........... seven eee

Briefs
Sharp Drop in Inflation
Prisons Promotions
CP-HNP Cooperation Wanes
Witbank Terror Trial
OFS Bars Indians
Methanol Powered Diesel
Sanko Subsidiary
Samsa Ban Sought
Brown Buying Power Booms
Swiss-SA Venture
Cement Price Rise
Polish Emigrants
Manufacturing Investment

71

74

75

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84



FANIE BOTHA CALLS FOR PRODUCTIVITY THRUST

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 9 Aug 82 p 16

{text]

The private sector {
should) make the im-!
provement of product
vity it’s major aim, the ©
Minister of Manpower, ,
Mr Fanie Botha, ‘sai
when ‘he announced.
_the three. winners of”
the National Productivi-
ty Award. :
Mr Botha said’ South :
Africa had no hope of
overcoming: its econom-
ie problems ‘if it conti-
nued neglecting its re-
sponsibility in the field
‘of production. :
“By achieving a pro--
ductivity growth rate. of
only 15 percent .of that
of our competitors, we |,
are in fact. conceding
defeat. What we need”
is the complete imvol--
yvement of all South
‘Africans in the field of
production,” he ‘said.
The private sector
thad demonstrated’. its.
willingness. to’ combat
one of the country’s

-economic problems ;
when it played a role”

in the. Manpower 2000
project. “What we need

now is a similar, if not .

cso: 4700/1815

bigger © involvement *
from the private sector’.

. productivity im-
provelnent,” Mr Botha ~

Government”
upon productivi-.

“ty “improvement: as an.
absolute must f6r long-:
‘term: survival.

““Continued “economic:
growth, the standard of
living .of the. people,
sour -ability to: compete
-on- international -mar-.
‘kets, in fact our entire
‘livelihood “depends -on
productivity.” - +
*. While the” Govern-
ment contributed to.

“solving most of the:

country’s _infrastructa-"
‘ral problems, the natio-
nal performance depen-
ded on the perfor-
mance of the free en-
terprise. system, Mr Bo-
tha said.
The awards are given
each yearby the Natio-

: nal. Productivity. Insti-

tute for “thé: effective
and efficient use

resources. with a resul-
tant increase - in | the

68

SOUTH AFRICA

“input: output ratio.”
This year’s: winners

are:

@ The Sigma Coal
Mine, Sasol, for. préduc-
tivity improvement
achieved by an out-
standingly — successful.
participative ma-
agement . programme.
The programme = in-
cluded organised group
discussions involving
employees in determi-
ning their own aims.

@ Quartyman Port
Elizabeth, for overall
outstanding productivi-
ty. improvement. . Raw
material costs and
truck mixer. running
costs account. for
about 85 percent of the
delivered cost of ready
mixed concrete, and it
was in these areas they
had: the greatest suc-
cess.

“@ Unvimkulu ; Plan-
ters’ Co-operative, Port
Shepstone, was given
the award for its parti-
cipative management
programme applied to
the entire process of
transporting sugar
cane. .



FIGURING OUT CODP COST

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 16 Aug 82 p 6

[article by Kamau Kaniarul

[text]

‘ASSESSING the exact cost of the
damage and loss of property
arising from the coup present for-
midable problems. |

‘There is little available. infor-
mation to-go by in spite of the
harrowing spectacle of looted
shops in Nairobi; their protective
grilles torn away from concrete
foundations and shop interiors
laid bare of merchandise.

Estimates of the damage and
loss suffered vary considerably.

‘A Nairobi economist, Mr. .
Shailesh Adalja has offered a
figure in the region of Sh. 1,800
million. .

‘The executive director of the
Industrial and Commercial
Development Corporation
(ICDC), Mr. Peter Waweru said
any estimates’ above Sh. 300
million were grossly exaggerated.
‘The cummulative loss was cer-
tainly “not Sh. 500 million, he
said. ~ ° i

‘On the same day, President
Moi obviously quoting his
economists, was telling the Kanu
Parliamentary Group meeting
that property estimated: at Sh.
1,200 million had been lost during
the looting orgy. _

‘The absence of figures from
insurance companies leave the
public with little else to go by. It
would have been interesting to
know how much insurance com-

CSO: 4700/1823

panies would have had to pay in

compensation to owners of.

damaged and looted properties.

Fortunately for them, and
unfortunately for everybody else,
insurance companies have learnt
over the years to disclaim
liability for compensation when
insured valuables are damaged or
lost during times of insurrection
or war.

The rationale is that during a:

state war or insurrection or
rebellion — call it what you mat
the extent of damage canhot
escertained in advance for
insurance purposes.

In ordinary cases of loss due to
theft, fire or accident, the

probability of the risk can be
easily ascertained and
appropriately insured for.

War is another matter; the
extent of damage ‘could be so
large as to defy all attempts not
only to imagine it but also to
make compensation for such
damage once it occurred.

Without any guidance from
insurance companies, the public
is left with whatever estimates
the police, who are busy trying to
recover the looted property, can
offer. Suffice to say, however, that
the police are unlikely to be the
best estimators in the present cir-
cumstances.

Moreover much depends on

23

KENYA

whether the police will be able to
recover all the looted property.
‘That, too, is unlikely as some of
the property may elude. police
efforts to recover it while some
may have suffered irreparable
damage.

There is, of course, the
understanding that once any

| property is recovered it will cease

to be “lost” property.

Depending on how well the
original owners manage to iden-
tify their goods from the heaps of
recovered looted property accu-
mulating at the Kenyatta Inter-
national Conference Centre the
actual amount of losses should
eventually be scaled down.

The losses suffered by
businesses should present a good
case for wider application of com-
puterised stock systems:

_ While many small businesses
may find computerisation of stock.
items an expensive burden, the
benefits of computerisation in
assessing losses due to looting
cannot on the other hand be
underestimated.

It would have been much easier
for businesses to assess the
magnitude of their losses by refer-
ing to computer records of thei:

‘stocks immediately before the

looting. Assuming, of course, that
such records escaped the’ van-
dalism.



_ And, there is ¢ long and grow-
ing list of other arece where the
public are prevented from re-°
ceiving information. . :

The question of oil, how much
we have and whence it comes;
defence matters (South Africa
was able to wage war on Angola
in 1975 without telling its citi-
zens); allegations against the po-
lice; recently provision has been
made for direct aspects of race
policy to be kept secret in terms
of the Laws on Co-operation and
Development Amendment Bill.

Combine these and others
with the enforced registration of
newspapers on pain of closure,
the extensive system of banning
people, censorship and the in-
creasing tendency of Cabinet
Ministers to evade Parliamen-
tary questions and you have.a
society that is pulling down the
shutters on an extensive array
of vital activities.

W... if South Africans

steadily became incurious about
‘such'matters? -~

: Jacobo Timmerman, the Jer
ish newspaper editor of the Ar-
gentinian daily La Opinion,
Taises a spectre in his harrowing
account (“Prisoner Without a
Name, Cell Without a Number”)
of Argentina after Isabel Per-
on’s regime fell to a military
junta. . .
In. the ensuing two years,

from 1976 to 1978, 10 000 people
are thought to have nerished, all
trace was lost of another 15 000,
he says.

“What there was,” he recalls,
“from the start, was the great
silence, which appears in every.
civilised country that passively
accepts the inevitability of vio-
lence, and then the fear that sud-
denly befalls it.

“That silence which can
transform any citizen into an

cso: 4700/1815

accomplice.

“That silence which existed in
Germany... or in the USSR,
when the people assumed that
everything would ‘return to
normal. .

“fnitially, this was the convic-
tion in Argentina. Then came
fear. And after the fear, indiffer-
ence. ‘Stay out of politics and
stay alive’.” -

Author André Brink closed his
nove! “A Dry White Season”
with the belief that all that was’
left was to “report what I know.

“So that it will not be possible
for any man ever to say again: I
knew nothing about it.” rl

He said this week indifference
was something he had been
agonising over for a long time.

“Tt continues to stun me how
some very fine people are total-
ly unaware in South Africa be-
cause they have excluded the
possibility of finding out.

“Blunting oneself to human
suffering is one of the most de-.
pressing aspects of the South Af-
rican. way of life.”

He compares the Govern-
ment’s predeliction for conduct-
ing its affairs in secret with the
recent disclosure that Japan has
been rewriting its own history
‘and adds: eres
.. “Everybody hoped that, after

fo, things would finally come
‘out into the open, but it has all
‘sunk back into secrecy.”

Indeed, it is ironic that Prime
Minister P .W Botha’s. first
promise on taking office in the
wake of Info was for more open
administration. -

Yet, the tide of secrecy con-
tinues to swell.

For author Alan Paton, the
prospect of a society that has
lost its curiosity is dreadful. - «

“Tt means it becomes an ac-
ceptor of everything.

“There is a famous quotation
that in order for evil to triumph,
it is quite sufficient for good
people to do nothing,” he said.

lowever, he does not believe

66

South Africa has lost its curios~
ity; the Press.and the opposition
remain the “most. awake areas
of society”.

“The outspokenness of opposi-
tion is still something to be
thankful for,” he said.

Stellenbosch political scien-
tist Dr Gerhard Erasmus says
one of the great dangers of with-
holding information is that it re-
sults in an uninformed elect-
orate.

“The voters cannot make
their proper choices: They do
not realise what the alterna-
tives are or what dangers lie
ahead,”

I. terms of realpolitik, this
has profound implications right
now.

The Government, at last pre-
pared to entertain thoughts of
change, finds itself faced with
an electorate labouring under
total misconceptions it has,
fuelled either ough active
propaganda or through sup-
pressing information.

Says Dr Erasmus: “You spoil
people on a‘certain diet for 30
years, then suddenly expect
them to swallow something else.

“This is the trouble: they are‘
simply not going to believe

ou.” .

Verligtheid, the much-de-
bated “force” that may or may
not launch South Africa into a
new era, translates into
“enlightenment”. . -

Yet, there is a distinct danger
that the very practitioners of
South African enlightenment’
are contributing to the exact op-
posite; that they are generating
what Socrates described as the
only evil: Ignorance.

They would do well to heed
the warning of Thomas Ingeland
that “a (society) without know-
ledge, an’ I have read, may well
be compared to one that is
dead”.



The proposals exclude blacks. Is this good or bad?

‘TOTAL RESPONDENTS

The nation is equally divid-
ed on the issue rplaek pat
ticipation, with 46 percent be-’
lieving black exclusion 0 ‘bé"
bad and 41 percent support
ing it. °

Although the” greatest: op-
position to blaek. exclusion

irom within thé-white group
| comes from English-speakers
| (65 percent), an amazing one
Xin four Afrikaners would sup-
* port the inclusion of blacks in

the planned reforms. >

‘This trend shows up in such
bastions of conservative Afri-
kanerdom as Pretoria,
Bloemfontein and the Reef
where a third of all whites
would prefer blacks to be in-
cluded the in the reforms. -

Further analysis of the re-
sults showed that of those
who believed that the. re-
forms do not go far enough 54
percent were PFP supporters
and nearly one in four
Nationalists.

SEX AGE SOCIO-ECONOMIC LANGUAGE
GROUP

TOTAL] MALE FEMALE | 18-34 35+ A/B. c/p | AFR/BOTH ENG/OTH |
970 | 476 494 4i7 © 553] 319 651 erry 526
1008 | 1008 = 1008 1008 ©1008] 1008 = 1008 1008 1008
401] 209 192 163,238) 124 277 275 126
41,4) 43,9 38,9 39,1 43,0) 38,9 42,6 62,1 24,0
448| 224 224 206. 242) 151 297 108 340
46,2) 47,1 45,3 49,4 . 43,8] 47,3 45,6 24,3 64,6
qa}. 43 7% 480 73,44 71 61 60°
12,4] 9,0 15,8 1,5 13,2] 13,8 11,8 13,6 n,4

cso: 4700/1815

Commenting on the results of the white poll,
Mrs Kirstein says that even those who believe
that the reforms do not go far enough, would
nevertheless vote for them--a deduction borne
out by the response to the referenced question.

“ Compensated.

~ f
* tf the Prine Minister
“moved ‘any further with his
reforms, :she says, some of
‘those who believed he had
gone far enough might fall
Say, but their loss would be
compensated for by the more
than 28 percent who believed
he could go further.
ven in’ a_ conservative
stronghold such as the Reef,
she says, Mr Botha would en-
joy a clear majority in a
Teferendum. ,

In the Indian community 28 percent were
[words missing] percent believed a powerful
executive president to be bad and a massive
85 percent supported the inclusion of blacks.

In'sharp constrast to white
ignorance of the proposals,
which “was: lowest in ‘Afri-
‘kaner: centres’ and highest
among English-spgaking vot-
ers, \Indians’ surge re-
vealed a high, kn edge of
the plans,

‘here’ was much stronger
opposition.to the Prime Min-
ister’s reforms in’ the col-
oured ‘community. with 62
percent believing that they

59

were inadequate. ‘This figure
however drops to 57 percent
who would vote against the
ans if a referendum were
ld,
{ Some 58 percent of the co-
loureds’ distrust a powerful
presidency and 86 percent
want blacks included.
Nevertheless both Indians
and coloureds would work
with the system in the hope of
something better emerging.



ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

KAMPUCHEAN DELEGATION RECEIVED--A three-member delegation from the People's
Democratic Republic of Kampuchea has left Addis Ababa after a brief visit
and talks on bilateral relations. While in Addis Ababa, the Kampuchean dele-
gation, led by Comrade Kong Korn, the deputy foreign minister, was received
by Comrade Dr Felleke Gedle-Giorgis, minister of foreign affairs and COPWE
[Commission for Organizing the Party of the Workers of Ethiopia] Central
Committee member. Comrade Dr Felleke expressed Ethiopia's solidarity with
the just struggle of the people of Kampuchea. The Kampuchean delegation
handed a message from the Kampuchean leader Comrade Heng Samrin, to Comrade
Felleke, which was addressed to Comrade Mengistu Haile Marian. [Text]
[EA232014 Addis Ababa in English to Neighboring Countries 1530 GMT 23 Aug 82]

cso: 4700/1829

16



SUSPENDED SENTENCE FOR SMITH

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 18 Aug 82 p 2

[text]

“THE EDITOR of the
Windhoek _ Observer,
Hannes Smith, 50, was
sentenced in the
Windhoek Magistrate’s

Court yesterday to a”

fine of R2250 or 565
days’ imprisonment.”' ~~
The Court conditionally
suspended R1 100 (or 290
days’) for five years.
Smith was convicted on
11 charges under several

acts. He was sentenced as_

follows:

@ on three charges of
possession of “indecent
material, treated as one for
the purpose of sentence,
R500 (or 100 days’), of
which R300 (or 60 days’)
was suspended;

@ on-a charge of possess-*

ing banned publications,
R100 (or 25 days’);
@ on two charges of in-

cso: 4700/1822

‘citing the public to commit
offences, R400 (or 100.
days’), of which R200 (or.
50 days’) was suspended;
@ on a charge under the
Police Act, R300 (or 60
days’);
@ on a charge under the
Defence Act, R500 (or 100
days’), of which R300 (or
60. days’) was suspended;,
@ and on each of three
charges of contempt of
court, R150 (or 60 days’)
of which R100 (or 40
days’) was suspended. ~
Passing sentence, the
Magistrate, Mr WH Vis-
ser, said the Court had
taken due cognisance of
Smith’s personal circum-
stances in determining a
sentence that would fit the
seriousness of the offences.
“You should, however,
realise that you cannot ex-
pect any mercy from the
Court if you are convicted
again of similar offences,”

33

he said.

The ‘Court, Mr Visser
said, considered the effect
the Court case would have
on Smith’s career in jour-
nalism and his mental at-
titude at the time of the of-
fences. oe

Smith had submitted in
mitigation that he was em-
bittered and ~ dissatisfied
with liaison between the
authorities and the media.

Mr Visser said the public
should not assume the
sentence was the criterion
for punishment to be im-
posed by courts for the
category of offences com-
mitted by Smith.

“Every case will be
treated on its merits,” he
said.

After sentence was pas-
sed, Smith indicated that
he would not be able to
pay the effective fine of
R1 150 immediately.



cso:

President Carter tried to dictate to us. The
Reagan administration has not done so,
but its friendship does not indicate sup-
port for our policies and we are expected
to settle the South West African dispute
and mend our ways if we want that.
friendship to continue. - ~~

We stress our view on this subject because
a one-time ally of the United States, the
Republic of China, has just been shabbily
treated by Washington, the _United
States declaring yesterday that it will
move to end its arms sales to Taiwan,
though it has not decided on a final cut-
off date.

This decision has been taken under press-

ure from:-Communist China, which has
strongly objected to the arms sales.

--“Friendship”
President Reagan says that the policy
worked out with Peking “will enable

Washington to build a strong and lasting
friendship with China.

4700/1817

He adds that America’s obligations to
Taiwan will be maintained (how he will
achieve this while refusing Taiwan arms.
is not explained).

He also says he attaches great importance
to China’s renewéd commitment to seek
peaceful reunification with Taiwan.

If, in the unlikely event, the Republic of
China is militarily weakened, you can bet
your last rand that Peking will try and
grab Taiwan.

We have ourselves have one experience of
the rug being pulled from under us by the.
United States — in the Angolan War of
1976. -

Israel has been stopped in its military
tracks in more than one conflict by.
American threats of one kind or another.

-We should be very careful, therefore,

about making any commitments or giv-

” ing any undertakirigs’ tothe’ US.

We must do what our own interests de-
marid, for our own sake and not
America’sa—+ .



INTELLIGENCE SERVICES' FAILURE TO DETECT COUP QUERIED

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 16 Aug 82 p 6

[Editorial:

[Text]

"The Whole Truth Must Come Out"]

THE “suggestion by Lands; “Settlement and
Physical Planning-Minister,.G.G. Kariuki, that the
“trial of the Kenya Air Force rebels-involved in the

recent. coup attempt should be open to the public is”

“one of the most bold and refreshing statements to
come out of a Government Minister since the
events of August 1. .

Making the trial public would most likely.

eliminate the possibility or suspicions of any sort of
cover-up. or attempts at only half-hearted
investigations and assure the people of this country

-that not only those who took ‘part in the coup:

attempt, but also those who might have been
involved in financing and masterminding it, will be
unearthed and given the punishment they deserve.

The call by Mr. Kariuki should be welcomed
both by the Government and the public. It is good
for all of us.” ; ~

The events of August 1 have created serious

-misgivings in the minds of many wananchi about.

the integrity of their national security. Such mis-_

givings can only be removed if wananchi are taken
into the-.confidence of the Government’s
investigative machinery and if all the facts are laid
_bare to enable them to judge for themselves. 2
We. are well aware that it is not always
advisable for trials involving matters. of state
security to be made open to members of the public.
However, such an argument can-only be valid, in
our opinion, if the public was not, in the first place,
privy to the state of insecurity the cause of which is
ing investigated. In the case of the abortive coup,
wananchi were made publicly and rudely aware of
a breakdown ‘in our national security on a massive.
scale. Their confidence can now only be fully
restored by a public trial of the rebels and those
behind them, if any. * 7
One-of-the- most worrying aspects of the coup
attempt is the fact that it involved not just one, but
all the country’s major Air. Force bases —

19

KENYA



"We must now decide how to accommodate the conflicting interests of other
groups in such a way that it does not whittle away the rights of Whites,"
he stressed.

He said the continued safety of Whites depended on what happened to the
Coloureds and Asians.

"Tt is impossible to retain the monopoly of political control in White hands."
If the political interests of Coloureds and Asians could not be accommodated
there would be a terrific confrontation=-a confrontation which the Government

could perhaps initially handle,

"But the NP wants to avoid confrontation because it is safe and fair," he
said,

"The NP does not want to build White prosperity and security on poverty and
second rate living circumstances for others,

"Without bravado the NP honestly wants to execute the biblical demand of
equality in everything it did," Mr De Klerk said.

Referring to the Germiston District provincial by-election--the NP
retained the seat with a 309 majority in a three-cornered contest--he said
he was not discouraged with the "high number of voters who were misled.

"The NP will only do better in future," he said. He called on those present

to make available the finances so that the future of Your youth be
secured,"

cso: 4700/1817

86



SENEGAL

UAE MINISTER TAKES PART IN WORK MEETING WITH FAIS
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 7-8 Aug 82 p 3

[Article by Moustapha Mbodj: "Visit of the Minister of Justice and Islamic
Affairs of the United Arab Emirates. Spreading Islam in Africa"]

[Text] Yesterday morning, on the third day of his visit, the UAE minister of
Justice and Islamic Affairs, Mr Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Bakr attended an
important work meeting with the national bureau of the Senegalese Islamic
Associations Federation (FAIS), chaired by the federation's president, Mr Abdou
Aziz Sy Jr, and its general secretary, Mr Moustapha Cisse.

After a welcoming address by the president of FAIS, Mr Moustapha Cisse reviewed
the importance of Islam in the economic, social and, especially, cultural de-
velopment of Senegal and Africa in general, and the part played by FAIS in
disseminating this religion.

The Federation which consisted of only some 10 associations soon after indepen-
dence, now numbers 36, including one which has just been created in Lyons,

plus one women's association. The dissemination of the Arabic language, efforts
toward a better understanding of the Muslim religion, the many realizations of
the Muslim aid association and the construction of a Muslim cultural center
entirely financed by Irak (the ground-breaking ceremony for which was attended
by the prime minister) represent the principal achievements of FAIS. It also
organizes Arabic language courses and examinations, from the CEPE [expansion
unknown] to the Arabic certificate. In view of all this, it was to be expected
that the work meeting to which the UAE minister of Justice and Islamic Affairs
had been invited would center on the intensification of the cooperation between
the two countries, and especially the assistance which the United Arab Emirates
might provide to FAIS "to promote Islam in Senegal and in Africa." All the more
so as this federation is the government's princpal counselor in this field.

“Africa is a Muslim continent, the only continent in fact where most people have
adopted the religion of the Prophet Muhammad, whence the responsibility it must
assume in disseminating Islam." According to the UAE minister of Justice and
Islamic Affairs, Mr Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Bakr, this explains the machina-
tions aimed at hindering the dissemination of this religion on the dark
continent.

40



COAL SPURS TRADE WITH WEST GERMANY

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 10 Aug 82 p 19

{Article by Frank Jeans]

[text]

CSO:

Boos-
‘ter in. trade with West
Germany. —..a healthy
Sisich fas performance

. Exports “jumped: by
20,5 ‘percent during the

R460,7 million. for: the
-eorresponding tine. last

‘While the sarge was
largely the result of
fluctuations in ‘the’ ex-
‘change: rate. “between
the mark and the: rand
75. percent) -real
growth was 3:percent.

=) The “bulk of exports
to Germany was in raw:
materials: -(R190,4. mil-
tion~.compared with
W143 million: last.year),-
with coal. leading the
sector — a trend which
is certain toTM continue
because coal from.
national epen-cast
mines is much cheaper.
‘than.German coal:

Coal exports-- ~ lorie”

during the five. menths

4700/1815

81

of* 1982. advanced * to
R60: million from ‘the:
1981. figure of 22,4
million.

At the other side of

the. ‘trade -scale,- Ger-

man exports to. this

country moved _ ahead~

even further by 43,2
percent in rand terms
or’.21,9 percent if the
difference. in’ exchange

rates is taken into ace!

count.

German export valu: |

es were R1231,5 mil-
lion .as. against. R859,7
million inthe five
month period of 1981.

“The atest figures
disclose a national
trade deficit for -the
five months of R676,3
mililon — a figure
which German trade
circles believe could be
drastically changed.

The South African-”

German Chamber of
Trade and "Industry
suggests that the defi-
cit could. be cut back if
South African expor-
ters adopted. a “more
Jong term export: strate-
gy” instead of dropping
exports..when demand
for their products im-
proves locally...

SOUTH AFRICA



with the proposals, should try
to get ‘ern improved and
then cooperate, or should go
into the system to change it
for the better. |
Of the white respondents
only one in five thought that
the Prime Minister was going
too far, $6 percent believed
that ‘his proposed reforms’
were about right and 21 per-
cent that they did not fo far
enough. A staggering 22 per-|
Soot enimitied that they did
not know what the proposals
were. i
Mrs Lalu Kirstein, manag-

are removed, only 26 percent
believe that the proposals go

If a referendum were held and you were asked to vote either against or in support of the Prime

foo far and an overwhelming
4 percent either suppot
‘them (46 percent) or believe

they do not go far enough (28
nt

Mrs Kirstein says that even
if the results are- projected

nationally and re-appor-'

tioned according to the rela-
tive English-Afrikaner voting
populations, there is more
than 50 percent support for
Mr Botha’s plans. ;
Broken down into Afri-
kaans and English-speaking
responses, the survey reveals
that Mr Botha's reforms en.
the sy of 43 percent
BP strikers and $0 percent
of English-speakers, with an-
other one in three of the latter
believing that he should go
further.

Trouble
If the Prime Minister were
to go to the country with a
referendum 55 percent of the
entire white voting Popula-

ition would vote yes, while 27
percent would say no. Those
who would vote yes include
half the PFP supporters.

Mr Botha however run:
into trouble on the issue of tht
|executive -presidency, wit!
only 37 percent believing it tc
bea good thing and 40 Dpereen
giving it the thumbs down.

! + “There is also no clear man:

: date for a powerful presiden
cy from the Afrikaner com-
munity in which nearly one ir
three believe it to be bad.
Twenty eight percent of those
who opposed it were Nation-

alists and 34 percent were
PFP ter :

Minister's proposals, would you vote for them or against them?

‘TOTAL RESPONDENTS

VOTE FOR THE PROPOSALS

VOTE AGAINST THE PROPOSALS

The Prime Minister is replaced by a President with greatly extended powers. Is this good or bad?

‘TOTAL RESPONDENTS

SEX AGE |SOCIO-ECONOMIC LANGUAGE
. GROUP
‘TOTAL| MALE — FEMALE 18-34 35+ A/B c/D AFR/BOTH ENG/OTH
970 | 476 494 417 553/319 9651 | * aaa 826
1008 | 1008 1008 100% 100%] loot 1008 1008 1008
534] 278 256 | 225 . 309] 191343 246 288
55,1 [58,5 51,8 54,0° 56,0] 60,0 52,7 55,5" 54,8
258 | 134 124 109 149 80 ' 178 142 116
26,6 {28,2 25,1 | 26,1 26,8| 25,1 27,3 | 31,9 22,0
| 64 14 8398] 48 130 56 122
18,3 |13,3 23,1 19,9 17,2] 15,0 20,0 12,6 23,2

“SEX AGE [SOCIO-ECONOMIC LANGUAGE
GROUP .

‘TOTAL | MALE FEMALE 18-34 35+ A/B. c/D AFR/BOTH = ENG/OTH

970 ‘| 476 494 417 553 319 651 444 526
100% | 100% 100% 1008 = 1008} 1008 1008 1008 1008

363 | 185 178 163 200} 122 241 217 146
37,4 1388 36,0 | 39,2 36,2] 38,3 37,0 | 49,0 27,7

391 | 205 186 168 223)' 131 260 142 249
40,3 [43,0 37,7 40,2 40,3) 40,9 39,9 31,9 47,3

216] 86 130 @ 130] 66 150° 8s asi
22,3 |18,2 26,3 20,7 23,5) 20,8 °23,1 19,1 25,0



NEW PLANT TO SUPPLY DIESEL FORGINGS PLANNED

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 pp 1, 3

[Article by Stephen Orpen]

(Text]

cso:

4700/1815

AN advanced, ‘R25-mil-
lion plant to supply: diesel-
engine forgings for Atlantis
Diesel Engines (ADE) is to be
erected at Atlantis in the

signed this week with Dorbyl
‘Automotive Products AE),
the. pla lant will suppl

rank hafts, some Lam:

connecting rods and

ae gears for all ADE en-
‘gine ranges.

This makes DAP a major

it supplier to the

ADE project, which will have

a production capacity of

50 boo diesel engines

'y-
- The first of its kind in
South Africa, the plant will
introduce a new level of tech-

‘polegy and will open the door
{Glocs| manufacture of other

ge-forged cum}
‘quired by Sout! Airican

The contract follows:

tlengthy investigation and
5 itions. .

plant is to
come on stream in

second.
“Rily oo of 1984, with prices.
fally competitive with those

eS rete section will be
constructed during the next
two years and, like the Atlan-
fis, , Will be situated
velose-to the ADE complex. ~

Although the facili will
be capital-intensive, it will

82

initially p Brovide “work for
about 150 people.

Like ADE, it will also be a”

nucleus to attract to Atlantis
other industries such as ma-
‘chine shops.

It will extend the capabili--

of the DAP forging and
machining division in the
panes die forging area to a
of 150kg with a total:

ine capacity of 32 000 tons:

one te

As with DAP’s other facili-
ties at Uitenhage, Rosslyn
cay

forge Suppo! +.
the full range of services on
site — namely, die..design,
manufacture, heat treat-
ment, metallurgical labora-

‘tories and ade assure

The: main forging plant
will include a full pro-
Tamme-control, spindle-
forging machine with a
mass of approximately 450

tons.

It will stand 15m hi
arated forging force of 11 re
tons, and complete a

crankshaft forging in

two blows.
addition to the Atlantis
Erementar million
restment programme cov-
commercial vebi vehicle

shafts, constant velocity
pees for front-wheel-drive
cars and additional forging
press and heat treatment fa-
cilities is in progress...



‘No Pull-out of Enumerators'

Bulawayo--The chairman of Nkayi District Council, Cde W. Mabhena, yesterday
denied reports that there had been withdrawals of census enumerators in his
district,

Though no specific figures were attributed to each district, Nkayi was one
of the three districts in which 200 enumerators were reported to have resigned,
The other districts were Inyathi and Binga.

Cde Mabhena said yesterday that of the 300 people who had been recruited for
the census only 13 had failed to turn up.

"We did not have anybody withdrawing," Cde Mabhena said. "Even the 13 who
failed to turn up did not withdraw, they just changed their minds."

Cde Mabhena appealed to senior officers not to make their work even more

difficult by leaking to the Press statements that had adverse effects on the
census exercise,

"This leads to defeating the aims of the Government or this particular
ministry," he said,

Petrol Shortage
Harare THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 92 p 1

[text]

THE census directorate they cannot sell us the
has appealed to all city petrol in bulk.”

and district. councils to ensus organisers
close heerhalls by 7 pm ge census

also appealed to all peo-
at the latest. ple who find census ques-
: he census ghiet, ois tlonnaires at their homes
loseph Mapondera, to fill them in and leave
the opening of beerhalls them stuck on their doors.
up to 10 pm was ham- If there are any mis-
pering the counting of, takes on the form, the
people, especially in the enumerator will leave a
high-density suburbs. ‘callback slip stating the
Cde Mapondera said time. If the person cannot
enumeration was going. be at home at the stated
on smoothly throughout time, he should leave a
the country except for note at his door inform-
Karol, where there was a ing the enumerator when
shortage of petrol. he’ will be at home, even
““Enumerators have if it is after 9 pm.”,
been sent to their areas Cde Mapondera " ‘said

but there is not enough

trol to get them back. whenever enumerators left
pe

questionnatres at any

We sre trying to get household, they would go
petrol from private gar- back to collect the forms
ages but the problem is _ _the_ following morning.

117



He said the Speaker of the House of Assembly, Cde Didymus Mutasa would visit
West Germany next month, [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Aug 82

p 3]

NEW ROADS FOR MATABELELAND--Bulawayo--The Government has embarked on a

$5 million project for the construction of roads and bridges in Matabeleland
South, the acting deputy provincial roads engineer for the province, Mr
Keith Spackman, said in Bulawayo at the weekend, The Government was
embarking on extensive road construction and repair projects aimed at
converting the existing ones into all-weather roads and building new gravel
roads. Work has already started on a number of roads in Kezi and Gwanda.
Plans were also afoot to improve a number of roads in Plumtree's Brunapeg
area going south to link up with the Beitbridge Road, Mr Spackman said.
[Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Aug 82 p 1}

CAMOUFIAGE KITS RECALLED-~-Bulawayo--A police spokesman in Bulawayo yesterday
called on members of the Police Reserve to hand in all items of their
camouflage kits as soon as possible, "Those residing in and around Bulawayo
are asked to hand in their kits to the Drill Hall, Bulawayo and those living
outside Bulawayo are asked to hand in their kits to the nearest police
station in the area," the spokesman said. He said that there was no need
any more for members of the Police Reserve to have the kits, They were
issued to members of the reserve during the war. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD
in English 18 Aug 82 p 6]

MUTARE FLIGHT CANCELLED--The flight in Mutare's long-awaited air link with
Zimbabwe's major centres failed to arrive yesterday, leaving the mayor,
Councillor Davidson Jahwi and other dignitaries waiting at the airport for
two hours. Mr Frazer Estran of Matabele Air which is operating the service,
said the flight was cancelled at the last minute when three passengers with-
drew. "We weren't going to make the trip with an empty plane, It would
have been just to uneconomical," he said, "If we have passengers next
Tuesday we'll make the trip." A spokesman for Executive Air in Harare
which is operating the flight between Mutare and the capital said yesterday
that today's flight would leave as scheduled. "We have only three passengers
tomorrow. One is flying to Mutare and two others will be going there and
back. We are going to lose about $700 but we'll be there," he said, Mutare's
Town Clerk, Mr Ian Cormack, said it was unfortunate that yesterday's flight
was cancelled. "It's a pity that the flight didn't come but it happens.

I know that major airlines cancel flights if there are no passengers, to
it's reasonable enough." [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 82

p 6

PAPER CRISIS PLAN--The paper shortage in Zimbabwe is likely to continue
until an $8 million second plant is built at the Mutare Board and Paper
Mills (Pvt) Ltd in two years, The general manager, Mr Robert Annam said
yesterday that although the existing plant was working at full capacity
around the clock it could not cope with the present demand and had had to
stop exports to neighbouring countries. The company had embarked on the
new project together with the Government, When operational in 1984 it would
meet Zimbabwe's demands with a surplus for export. Mr Annam attributed the

120



LESOTHO

BRIEFS

PHILIPPINE AID--The Kingdom of Lesotho in Southern Africa has requested the
Philippine government to accept Lesotho students in local technical schools
and universities and to send over Filipino technicians and specialists to
train its people in health, sanitation, agriculture and light industries.
Trade and Industry Deputy Minister Romulo B. Lumauig, in separate reports
to President Marcos and Minister Roberto V. Ongpin said that Lesotho needs
technical assistance to develop its economy, Lumauig represented the Philip-
pines in the United Nations Solidarity Meeting of Ministers of Industries
for Cooperation in the Industrial Development of the Kingdom of Lesotho,
held in Maseru, Lesotho recently, The meeting which was preceded by six
other meetings, was convened in accordance with the New Delhi Agreement of
the Group of 77 which met in January 1977 to implement assistance programs
to the least developed members of the Group. Eleven countries, including
the Philippines and one observer from the Saudi Fund for Development
attended the meeting, The other participating countries are Algeria, Bra
Brazil, Egypt, India, Iraq, Kenya, Nigeria, Switzerland, Yugoslavia and
Zimbabwe, Lumauig, elected vice-chairman of the meeting, said the Lesotho
meeting was convened to find out how to speed up technical and financial
assistance in industrial projects for Lesotho, [Text] [Manila BULLETIN
TODAY in English 16 Aug 82 p 11]

csO: 4700/1816

27.



ANGOLA

UNTA MEETING ENDS; PRODUCTION FACTORS REVIEWED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 24 Jul 82 p 9

[Excerpts] The 10th regular meeting of the Central Council of the UNTA [Na-
tional Union of Angolan Workers] began in Malanje on 20 July under the leader-
ship of its secretary general, Pascoal Luvualu, member of the party Political
Bureau, and ended yesterday with a ceremony presided over by Manuel Antonio,
acting coordinator of the Malanje Provincial Party Committee. At the end of
the proceedings, the participants concluded that the plan of activity develop-
ed during the first half of this year had been satisfactorily implemented and
that the pilot experiment with the Economy Campaign had been positive; it was
recommended that it be implemented throughout the country, giving priority to
the strategic enterprises.

Regarding the establishment of the new wage scale, the participants concluded
that the possibility of an increase [in productivity] does not depend solely
on increasing the motivation of the workers, but also on technical-material
factors. Thus, no significant increase in production is foreseen at short
range as a result of the wage increase, particularly if the worker's wage does
not translate into greater purchasing power, if the essential organization of
the work is lacking, if there is no tie between wages and output and if the
guidelines of the First Extraordinary Party Congress giving priority to basic
working conditions have not been applied.

Taking part in the 10th regular meeting of the UNTA Central Council were
Carlos Gomes, director of the party's Central Committee Department for Support
to Mass and Social Organizations, members of the UNTA General Secretariat,
UNTA provincial secretaries, national directors of UNTA departments, national
first secretaries of the unions by sector of activity and vanguard workers.

6362
cso: 4742/361



SENEGAL

FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF FIRST SESSION OF AND-JEF-MRDN EXECUTIVE BODY
Dakar JAAY DOOLE BI in French No 31 Aug 82 p 4

[Final Communique of the First Session of the AND-JEF-MRDN National Executive
Committee Elected by the Third Ordinary Congress]

[Excerpts] The National Executive Committee of the AND-JEF Revolutionary Move-
ment for a New Democracy [AND-JEF MRDN] appointed by the Third Ordinary and
first legal Congress of the Movement held its first ordinary session on 26-27
June 1982.

The session was chaired by Comrade Abdoulaye Ly, national secretary for
Studies and Research.

Comrade Landing Savane, general secretary of. the Movement, presented an intro-
ductory report in which he reviewed the international situation before mention-
ing the Third Ordinary and first legal AND-JEF MRDN Congress, which was held
in Dakar, at the El Mansour movie theater, on 15, 16 and 17 May 1982.

The comrade general secretary reviewed the work of the Congress for the National
Executive Committee and outlined the general prospects which are now open to the
Movement.

The National Executive Committee discussed at length the various aspects of the
introductory report, which it amended and approved. The National Executive
Committee dwelt on certain outstanding national and international events.

As far as Africa is concerned, it dwellt especially on the deterioration of the
situation in Southern Africa and in the Indian Ocean, due to the intensification
of South-Africa's subversive activities against frort-line countries, the in-
creased repression against revolutionary militants in Azania proper, and the
electoral disaster suffered by Sir Rangoolam's pro-western government in Mauri-
tius when the coalition headed by the Mauritian Militant Movement came into
power.

As far as the Middle-East is concerned, the AND-JEF MRDN National Executive
Committee again strongly condemned U.S. imperialism which inspired and
supported the Zionist aggression against the Lebanese and Palestinian people.
It denounced the complicity of reactionary Arab states and the duplicity

42



natural way in the world. Both the students and the 45 teachers participate
in the educational labor in the fields. They cut, saw and split [wood], and,
in addition to learning to handle the equipment, they learn work safety and
health standards.

The eight black and white and two color television sets distributed through
the dormitories and the school's theater serve to provide recreation and en-
tertainment for the young people, and the broad range of sports equipment
and facilities enable the students to develop physically through the most
varied sports: soccer, volleyball, basketball, field and track.

Since 1977, when the school first opened its doors to the Angolan youths,
many students have passed through that center. Some of them are now studying
in the training centers in the capital and other Cuban provinces. The 42
students now in the 10th grade and 336 new ones will soon begin learning a
profession or trade. The time will pass, and before long they will all be
qualified workers, useful to their country and the revolution, fully trained,
and with a solid education acquired by combining theory and practice, made
possible by the broad material base for study provided by the ESBEC's.

6362
cso: 4742/361



NIGER

KOUNTCHE RECEIVES MORE DELEGATION HEADS
AB261022 Niamey Domestic Service in French 1900 GMT 25 Aug 82

[Excerpts] Col Seyni Kountche, chairman of the Supreme Military Council
and head of state, this afternoon received several heads of delegations now
taking part in the 13th ministerial council meeting of the Islamic
Conference Organization [ICO]. He received one after the other the
leaders of the delegations from the Yemen Arab Republic, Somalia, Djibouti,
the Comoros, the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, Upper Volta, Algeria
and Nigeria as well as the assistant secretary general of the OAU.
Following was the statement made later by the Yemen Arab Republic's
delegate:

[Begin recording] I am very happy to have been received by his excellency
the president to whom I delivered a message from his friend, His Excellency
President 'Ali "Abdallah Salih. The message concerns bilateral relations
as well as the problems facing the Islamic world. I am happy to participate
in this 13th session of our organization. [Passage indistinct] [End
recording]

The Djibouti delegate, who delivered a message from President Hassan Gouled
Apidon to President Seyni Kountche, made the following statement to the
press:

[Begin recording] I have just been received by his excellency the head of
state to whom I delivered fraternal greetings from his brother, President
Hassan Gouled Apidon of the Republic of Djibouti. During the audience, we
discussed a number of problems concerning our two countries and particularly
the deliberations of the present session of the ICO foreign ministers
conference. We also examined the questions featuring on the meeting's agenda
such as the Middle East problem, the conflict between Iran and Iraq and
economic, technical and scientific cooperation among the various Islamic
countries. We also discussed some problems of interest to our countries.

I can assure you that we noted a similarity of views on all these problems.
I explained to the head of state Djibouti's position on the conflict now
disrupting our region, the Horn of Africa. I told the president that the
Republic of Djibouti has adopted a policy of neutrality as far as this
problem is concerned. [End recording]

36



We Support the Census, Says ZAPU

ZAPU's central committee fully supports the national census, it said after
a day-long meeting in the Harare suburb of Highfield yesterday.

The party's secretary-general, Senator Joseph Msika, who read the statement,
said: “We discussed the census and resolved to mike this national exercise
a success." The party's central committee, said the statement, appeals to
its members and the population of Zimbabwe as a whole to register.

But because of the security situation and curfew regulations in certain
areas, the central committee believed that these areas might not record "a
true account."

The meeting was attendéd by 105 members of the party's central committee
including the party's president, Cde Joshua Nkomo; vice-president, Cde
Josiah Chinamano; national chairman, Cde Samuel Munodawafa; the former
Minister of Works (Construction), Cde Clement Muchachi; Minister of State
(Deputy Prime Minister) in the Prime Minister's Office Cde John Nkomo; and
the Minister of Water Resources and Development, Cde Cephas Msipa, as well
as Senator Msika.

The meeting, which Cde Nkom described as an extraordinary meeting of the
party's central committee, discussed the relations between ZANU (PF) and
ZAPU and came out in full support of a further meeting between the two
political parties.

"In this respect the central committee fully supported the absolute need for
a meeting between ZAPU and ZANU (PF) to examine the problems facing the
country and to work out a solution," the statement said.

The extraordinary session had been called to discuss national issues because
the country was going through a period of threats to its stability and unity,
read the statement.

"The central committee examined many problems including that of lawlessness
affecting the country. In their examination of these issues the central
committee unanimously endorsed the President's initiative to discuss these
issues with the Prime Minister, Cde Mugabe."

The committee endorsed Cde Nkomo's briefing that the problems facing the
country are national and that it is firstly the responsibility of the Govern-
ment to provide solutions.

The central committee said however, that it was concerned at what it described
as "beatings and harassment of the people by members of the Zimbabwe National
Army" and called on the Government to bring this to a speedy end.

Asked whether they had discussed the fate of the six hostages abducted in

Matabeleland about three weeks ago Cde Nkomo said they had discussed many
things, but added "it was a problem which faced the country."

116



cso:

* The production quality of the in-
dustry, especially profab and fur
niture, is considered to be relative-
ly high, according to exports In this
field. Nonetheless there is alo a
general feeling that there is still:
oom left for further improvement _
especially for a country aiming at |
penetrating rich -foreign markets |
where a wide variety of quality furni- |
ture Is in abundance. |
* The poor plant layout, obsolete ma- |
chinery and equipment and low
installed capacities of the plants in
the industry are serious bottlenecks |
that need to be overcome in order |
to keep up with the continuously

4700/1821

15

growing domestio demand and to
produce surplus for export sales:

* In depth and up-to-date analysis re-
garding the domestic market for the
products of the industry are lack.

ing.

© Standardizaiion of the industry's
product has to be further strength-
ened, :

© As fer os international markeilng
1s concerned, the offorts so far exert-
ed in promoting Fthfopian products
of the industry are exceptionally

low. Accordingly this is an area
which should be given special st-
tention sq as to take advantage of
the strategic position of the eoun-

ty.



ible hardwoods, potentially usable
hardwoods, and other species.

Out of these species the first two
are of primary interest. Whereas con-
ifers consist of Podocarpus Gracilior
(Zigba) and’ Juniperous Procera
(Tid), merchantible. hardwoods are

~ gomposed of Aningeria Adolffrieder-
ici (Kerero), -Apodytes Dimidiata
(Donka or Yaloka), Cordia Abyssini-
ca (Wanza), Croton Macrostachys
-(Bisana), Ekebergia Capensis (Som-
be), Hagenia Abyssinica (Koso),
Olea Spp (Weira), Polyscias Fulva
(Zingero Wenber),. Syzygium Guine-
ense (Dokima), Albizia Spp (Sesa).
---Most-of the forest areas are located
in the southwestern and sotuhecentral
part of the country. Ie is estimated
that there are roughly sbout 2,345,000
haof closed forests in these areas
with’ about 20% broad leaved and
about 20% only accessible.

Ig ts also estimated that there ars
about 400,000 ha of scattered forests
and sbout 28 million ha of open sa
vannah type woodlands dominated by
Acacia trees. The latter are used for
grazing and sgricultaral, cnltivation.
The Acacia trees are the common
pource of fuelwood for the country-
side and charcoal for the urban cent
res. The bamboo stand cover which
is mainly found in the west of the
country is estimated . at about
450,000 ha. : .

Man-made or plantation forest of
the country is composed of exotic and
indigenous species. The exotic species
include Eucalyptus Globulus (Bahr
Zaf), Cupressus Lucitanics (Yeferen}
Tid), ond Pinus Patula (Patula) .
The indigenous species on the other
hand include Juniperous Cordia
(Tid) and Hygenia (Kosso).

“10

The plantation forest coverage has
been recently estimated to be about
400,000 ha. These plantations arc
found in many parts of the country
with about 80,000 ha in major ur-
ban centres. They are owned by the
government and peasant associations
and are mainly used for soil protee-
tion and timber production for fuel,
house construction and industrial
processing such as perticle board,
fibre board and impregnated poles.

Mention must. be made at this jun-
cture that fuelwood accounts for the
bulk of wood consumption in Ethio-
pia, with a usuage of about 20 million
cubic metres and 150,000 tons of
fuelwood and charcoal respectively

per annum.
Wood Products Industry

At present wood and wood prorlucts

activity is being carried
out by public as well as private orga
nizations.

‘The public or government organi-
zations irclude the Ministries of Agri-
culture, Industry, Fdueation, Con-
struction, Transport and Cemmunica-
tions, Mines and Interior (Prisons
Administration). However, © whereas
those under the Ministries of Agricul-
ture and Industry are arganized on 8

is, those under the
resp mainly eater for the i re

v ts of their respective Mivi-
stries, Henee reference to publie
establishnreats in the wood and wood

industry is limited to the
former two Ministries’ activities.

At present tthe industry is com-

of 73 establishments with 10
and more workers each: and power
driven equipment. Qut of these 33
are run by the Government. Although
there is no accurate data as to the



SWAZILAND

Nation's Future Analyzed
(Editorial; THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 27 Aug 82) ........

ZIMBABWE

Zambian Judge Appointed Ombudsman
(THE HERALD, 14 Aug 82) ...c.seccccecccceecnceeceeceecs

State 'Seeks People's Views on Resettlement!
(THE HERALD, 16 Aug 82). ....... cece eceeceeeeeeececeeves

ZCIU Advises Companies To Coninue Recruitment Efforts
(THE HERALD, 17 Aug 82) ..

Government Regulates Size of Housing Plots
(THE HERALD, 19 Aug 82) .......

Search for Alternative Sources of Energy Reported
(THE HERALD, 19 Aug 82) ..

Zimcord Fund Spending Figures Released
(THE HERALD, 18 Aug 82) ..

Nhiwatiwa Rejects Charges of Bias in Papers, ZBC
(THE. HERALD, 19 Aug 82) ......

Expatriate Recruitment Issue Explained
(Des Parker; BUSINESS HERALD, 19 Aug 82) ..

I Won't Meet Botha, Says PM
(THE HERALD, 19 Aug 82) .....ceeecceccecececeeceeees o

Romania Envoy Urges Closer Economic Links
(THE HERALD, 20 Aug 82) ....csceececeeceecsececesceeees

State News Service 'Too Slow,’ Says SADZA
(Arnold Raphael; THE HERALD, 18 Aug 82) ............008

Population Growth Rate Soaring
(Keith Atkinson; BUSINESS HERALD, 19 Aug 82) ..........

Mugabe Views Census As Key To Good Planning
(THE HERALD, 14, 16-18 Aug 82) .....eeeccececeeceeceees

Opens Computer Center
Hundreds Volunteer
Some Errors Expected
Petrol Shortage
Mapondera Prediction

92

94

96

97

98

99

101

103

104

106

107

108

109

112



I WON'T MEET BOTHA, SAYS PM

Harare THE HERALD in English 19 Aug

|
|

[text]

csO: 4700/1820
|
|

THE Prime Minister, Cde
Mugabe, yesterday urged
the South African Prime
Minister, Mr P. W. Botha,
to talk to black leaders in
South Africa before con-+
cerning himself with dis-
cussions with the leaders
of other black countries.

in an hour-long inter-
view in Harate with the
editors. of six top South
African newspapers, Cde
Mugabe said there was no

possibility at this stage of
his meeting Mr Botha.

\ A. meeting would only

. provide South Africa. with

Propaganda, he said.

But talks of a positive
nature with people such
ag Nelson Mandela and
Oliver Tambo would help
to solve the real problems
confronting the Republic.

Cae “Mugabe agreed it,
would be a very tough
issue to resolve and that
it. would take time to find
2 solution.

But it should be one
based on non-racialism, on

82 pl

106

the recognition of the fact
that the people of South
Africa were one and that
majority rule should be
the order of the day.

The minority ~ could
never hope to rule for

over, He wondered
South ~ Africa’

whether
would learn the lesson of
history from events in
Zimbabwe. .

He hoped that South
Africa would be able to
short-circuit’ the course
that Zimbabwe had been
forced to follow and thus
save bloodshed.

Appealing for Pretoria
to stop its campaign of
destabilising neighbouring
countries, Cde Mugabe
said “We have not spon-
sored subversive activities
against South Africa,
none whatsoever.

“We hope that the post-
ure we have shown will be
reciprocated.”

The interview was with
the editors of the Star,
the Argus, the Daily
News, the Pretoria News,
the Sunday Tribune and
Beeld. — Herand Corres-
pondent,

ZIMBABWE



SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT CLAMPDOWN ON INFORMATION EVOKES MEMORIES OF GERMANY

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 p 27

[Article by Ivor Wilkins:

“Wall of Silence"]

[text] The clipped precision of his accent immediately betrayed his German
origins as he said: "This is what is happening in South Africa now, I have

seen in Germany before,"

. With a slight frown creas-
ing his forehead behind neat
gold-rimmed glasses, his
tone was sad rather than
bitter. . ‘

What was alarming him was a.
fear that South Africans were
losing their curiosity about
events and developments in
their own society.

Even the newspapers, he re-
marked, sometimes seem to
have stopped asking questions.

It was a deeply sobering en-
counter that impressed itself
again this week, when an Ameri-
can journal, “The Progressive”,
published a lengthy article on
whether or not South Africa has
an atom bomb.

Its author, Samuel Day, trav-
elled here specially to research
the article and, after drawing
together a collection of (some-
times highly) circumstantial in-
formation, decided that we do.

. Whether or not his verdict is
correct, the arguments he pre-

sents for his case are singularly

uncompelling.

+ That is not the point.”

What triggered a warning
was the fact that because South
African legislation prevents
publication of information
about nuclear matters (the
Atomic Energy Act, the Defence
Act and the Protection of Infor-
mation Bill) it is an area that
has become taboo. y

One’s curiosity about nuclear
affairs — probably the number
one public issue in Europe and
on American campuses — has
become blunted. :

Day, in his article, refers to
two South African correspon-
dents whom he questioned.

He wanted to know
why they had failed to
follow up reports during
the 1979 uproar when
both Russia and Amer-
ica accused South Africa
of having detonated a
nuclear device.

“What would have
been the point? I
couldn’t have used the

information anyway,” said one.

65

The ‘other explained: “I steer
clear of the bomb stuff. I'm too
intelligent to get into that.”

Given South ' Africa’s more
pressing’ obsessions with race
and political reform, it is per-
haps understandable that the
nuclear question has failed to
catch alight. Lt
net is there pot a danger that

e secrecy t_ increasingly
shrouds other areas of public
affairs might be insidiously dull-
ing the national sensitivity and
consciousness?

Last weekend, yet another
South African died in police
custody.

Had 21-year-old Mr Moabi Di-
pale been a detainee under the
security laws, his very detention
could have been kept secret un-~
der new legislation.

If the fact that people are dis-
appearing into prisons for long
periods without charge or trial
goes unannounced each time it
happens, how long would it take
for the public at-large to forget
that such things happen at all?



cso:

4700/1823

Embakasi, Eastleigh and Nanyuki — giving rise to,
fears that there was more to it than just the action
of a misguided few acting on the spur of the
moment and seeking the support of their other
colleagues only at the last minute.

Mr. Kariuki, fot example, made the startling,
revelation that some of the rebels were seen driving
in a convoy all the way from Nanyuki to Nairobi —
‘a distance of 120 miles — on the afternoon of the
day before the coup attempt. It is perhaps not
unreasonable to assume that the rebels were also
moving arms and ammunition in preparation for
the coup attempt later that night. .

Other leaders have talked of other people
being involved in the coup attempt. During the
loyalty demonstrations in Nairobi last Wednesday,
Nominated MP Mulu Mutisya,. for’ example,
appealed to the Cabinet to find out who were
behind the attempted coup. ‘There were some big:
people who were behind. it for‘no child can do
something without the father’s knowledge”, he
said. . :

Even more startling, perhaps, is the fact that

‘the coup attempt was conceived and executed

apparently without the knowledge of at least one or
two of those charged with the task of ensuring the
country’s security. Q

It is indeed tragic to come to the conclusion
that the arrangements for the ill-fated coup
attempt were“made without the knowledge of at
least some of those charged with the operation of
the country’s intelligence network. If that is true it
is a very serious. failure on the part of our
intelligence services. - . _ .
~ “Be that as it may. We believe that if the truth
is to.-be. laid bare, any suspected individuals,
however senior or influential, should be excluded
from the exercise of determining who may have
been behind the coup attempt since’ such
individuals could attempt te cover up or sabotage
the investigations. ‘ ;

Something went ‘drastically wrong within the
body politic on August 1, It should not be swept
under the carpet. It must be brought. out into the
‘open. Only then can we begin to do something
about it to make sure it doesn’t happen again: .

20



WEEKLY WRAP-UP OF NON-ENGLISH PRESS

ETHIOPIA

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 15 Aug 82 p 3

[Article by Kifle Djote in colum "Views, Comments, Opinions"']

[text]

Yo an editorial comment, Serto .

Ader, organ of COPWE Central Com
mnittee, stresses tho impostance of wag
ing a cultural revolution as an essen-
tisl condition for the success of sotia-
list transformation,

Under the headline, ‘Moulding the
new Man", the paper says the objeo
tive of @ cultural revolution is to
tuild a gew calture on the basis of
equality and collective prosperity of
the people by totelly doing away with
the outmoded culture of guling circles
which was based oa exploitation of
man. by maa.

The proper wtilization of acience
and technology for the benefit and
welfare of the working people and the
ability to direct educational purposes
towards the enhancement of their crea-

tive potentials are regatded as the :

_symptoniis for the realization of the
objectives of a ciiltural revolution, the
poper points out.

fo connection with the objective
reality in our country Serte Ader
stresses that favourable conditions have
pow heen created for the working
people to construct a new socialist

eulture, thanks, in the main, to the
series of revolutionory proclamations
that have abolished the retrogressive
feudo-capitalist production relations
and effected the launching of the Na-
tional Litersoy Campaign.

The opening of the stage for the
constant development of arts and lite-
sature is, of course, a major break-
through in our cultural development
endeavours while the holding of the
Arts Developmen: Seminar in a few
days, is yet to give a qualitative de-

velopment for our efforts of cultural
development, the paper adds, The se-
miner is jointly organized by the Mi-
nistry of Culture and the Addis Ababa
University under the directives provid-
ed by COPWE. :

. Writing in conection with the 19th
‘Summit Meeting of the Organization
of African Unity which adjourned its
deliberations due to lack of the re-
quired quorum, the Arabic weekly
Al Alem strongly hit out against the
attempts of the enemies of Africa and
imperialis, quarters for exaggerating
the adjournment of the meeting as a
failure. Pointing out that this was the



rumors and rest assured that the government is doing everything possible

to ensure that their interests are not jeopardized. Mr Kariuki has also
told the businessmen to trust the government and ignore malicious rumors
being spread by some people in Nairobi. Speaking at a ceremony attended by
officials of the National Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Nairobi today,
the minister urged the chamber to interpret Kenya's policy of free enter-
prise to the businessmen who wanted to invest in the country. He said that
the business community should forge ahead in the marketing of Kenyan products
and educating indigneous businessmen to be totally committed to one type of
business. Mr Kariuki said the aim should be at specialising in a specific
line and sustaining it. [passage omitted] [Excerpt] [EA241648 Nairobi
Domestic Service in English 1400 GMT 24 Aug 82]

TEA YIELD 'LOW'=-Chebut tea factory in Kapsabet requires five million
kilogrammes of tea a month to operate at full capacity. Factory manager
John Kyalo said this on Saturday at a meeting held at Kaptel market, Nandi
District to raise funds for the construction of a tea buying stall. The
meeting raised about 7,000/-. The manager said Nandi District alone was
required to produce 55,000 kgs of tea a month, but managed only about 15,000
kgs. He said Kakamega and Trans Nzoia districts which used the same
factory produced more tea than Nandi District. Mr Kyalo dismissed claims
that tea farming was not profitable and advised farmers to plant high quality
crop. Earlier, chief Paul Lelei of Kaptel thanked the Kenya Tea Development
Authority (KTDA) for contributing 8,800/- towards the construction of the
stall, He said tea growers in his location had already contributed a total
of 4,660/- to the project.--KNA [Text] [Nairobi DAILY NATION in English

17 Aug 82 p 9]

NO DEPARTURE PANIC--Contrary to speculation in the city, the August 1
abortive coup has not triggered a rush by non-citizen Asians in Kenya for
settlement in Britain, the British High Commission in Nairobi has confirmed.
A spokesman at the High Commission told Sunday Nation in Nairobi yesterday
that there has been no noticeable increase" in the number of non-citizen
Asians applying for entry permits into Britain and subsequent settlement in
that country. "The applications are at the normal rate, They are usually
few at this time of the year compared to December," the spokesman added.
Since the events of August 1 there has been:speculation that an increased
number of non-citizen Asians were planning to settle abroad, A large number
of Asians joined Kenyans in pro-Government public demonstrations throughout
the country last week, In Kisumu, "literally every Asian was in the street
marching with us," commentéd one Kisumu resident, Mr Akech Obat. In Nairobi
Asian traders lost heavily to looters but quick action by the security
forces has led to the recovery of a substantial amount of looted property.
A large number of Asian homes were also terrorised and looted. [Text
[Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 15 Aug 82 p 4]

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESTORED--Foreign exchange dealings by commercial banks in
the city have been fully restored by the Central Bank which also supplied
the banks with new exchange rate rulings yesterday, The Central Bank
suspended dealings in foreign exchange by commercial banks on Monday last
week, a day after the abortive coup, by sending out instructions and

25



ZIMBABWE

ZAMBIAN JUDGE APPOINTED OMBUDSMAN
Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

A ZAMBIAN High Court judge, Mr Justice Moodley, has been

_Minister.

appointed Zimbabwe's - first Ombudsman, with effect from

September 1, the Minister of Justice,

nounced yesterday.

Cde Simbi. Mubako, an-

He was appointed by President Banana acting on the advice of the

Judicial Service Commission. He will investigate,
Prime -Minister, the actions of an

cases where it is alleged
that a person suffered

* injustice.

In terms of the Bill
passed recently, he will

-not be able to ‘investi-

gate the President and
‘the Prime Minister and
their staffs, the Cabinet
office, judicial officers,
the Attorney-General or
law officers about their
legal advice given ‘to
the State in cases con-
ducted on its behalf,
except with the specific
approval of the Prime!

Nor will he be able to
investigate the defence
forces, the police and the
prison’ service.

He will investigate com-
plaints against local
authorities, statutory bod-
jes and any other body or
service which is controlled

the State, other than
jose already mentioned.

According ‘to the. Bill,
the Ombudsman is ap-
pointed for a three-year
period, renewable for a
second term, and will
have to retire at 65.

His salary will be high-
er than that of a perma-
nent secretary and to
avoid conflicts of interests
he will not be allowed to
hold any other public
office or paid employment,

He will receive com-
plaints from citizens or

94

with the approval of the
y Government ministry or department in

residents of Zimbabwe
only. .
He will have wide-rang-
ing powers to order the
production of documents
and to compel Govern-
ment officials to supply
information. '

If any complaint merits
action, a report will be
made to the respective
ministry or body with a
copy to the Prime Min-
ister and any minister
concerned, Cde Mubako
told Parliament in June.

“I believe that the
establishment of the office
of the Ombudsman will
provide a very effective
machinery for preventing
abuses of. power tn public
service and other quasi-
Governmental bodies and
for ensuring the fair and
efficient running of the
Government,” he said.



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SHARP DROP IN INFIATION--South Africa's inflation rate on an annualised
basis showed one of its sharpest drops in a long time in July this year,
This could be an indication that the authorities are getting a grip on
inflation. On an annualised basis the inflation rate in July eased to
14,42 percent from 16,05 percent in June. The index base 1975 rose 0,-86
percent in July to 234,1 from June's 232,1, The inflation rate has been
easing since April this year when it reached 16,55 percent--the highest
since 1962, In interpreting the annualised figures for July one should keep
in mind that there was a petrol increase in the same month last year which
distorted the base to some extent, This technical distortion, however, is
mot enough to explain the sharp drop. An interesting explanation came from
Volkskas economist Adam Jacobs, He is of the opinion that quite a few
businesses had sales during July in an effort to increase their liquidity
in the wake of the high interest rates, The result was that prices were
substantially lower which again distorted the figure for July in this year.
The index for foodstuffs rose 1,18 percent in July and 12,38 percent on an
annualised basis. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 24 Aug 82

pill

PRISONS PROMOTIONS--The Acting Commissioner of Prisons, Lieut Gen M.C.P.
Brink, yesterday announced the following promotions effective from July 1.
To the rank of brigadier: Col C.F. Goosen, presently commanding Brandvlei
Prison Command; Col D. Hiscock, commanding Durban Prison Command; Col E.A.
Huysamen, commmanding Leeuwkop Prison Command and Col C.J. Scheffer, com-
manding East London Prison Command, Seventeen majors were also promoted to
the rank of lieut-col.--Sapa [Text] {Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English
18 Aug 82 p 9]

CP-HNP COOPERATION WANES=-The chances of early cooperation between the HNP
and the CP seems to be facing after both announced that they would put up
candidates for the Parliamentary by-election in Parys early in November.

Mr Jaap Marais, leader of the HNP yesterday morning said his executive would
be meeting last night and that possible cooperation with the CP in coming
by-elections would be discussed, "But we do not plan to make any statement
on our decision," Mr Marais added. He made it clear that the HNP was still
of the opinion that the NP's policy statement of 1966 should form the basis
of any discussion for electozel or other cooperation. At the weekend Dr A.P.

87



first time that an OAU Summit had
adjourned its regular Summit due to
lack of quorum, the paper calls on
the peoples of Africa and the OAU
to make yet more concerted efforts
and be able to resolve the issue.

The United Position

‘The paper praises the united posi-
tion of the African leaders who ga-
” thered in the Libyan capital of Tripoli
to have worked out a plan under
which the 19th OAU Summit would

_ be held within three months te find
solutions for current ‘problems facing
the organization. The plan was en-
dorsed on the proposal of Comrade

(Chairman Mengistu Heile-Mariam for
the setting up of a contact group com-
prising the heads of state of Tan-
sania, Zambia, Libya, Mali and the
Congo to arrange for the convening
of the Summit.

‘Writing on the same subject, the
iAmbharic daily, Addis Zemen, says the
united stand taken by the African lea-

ders to convene another mecling as”

soon as possible attests to the dedica-
“tion of progressive African leaders to
the cause of African unity and their
eommitment to preserve the honour
of the African peoples. Moreover, the

endorsement by the African leaders .

of the proposal submitted by our re-
volutionary leader for the setting up
of a eontact group to convene the
Summit within three months is a fur-
ther evidence of Socialist Ethiopia's
abiding faith in the principles of the
QAU charter, once again bringing to
the fore the important rele which our
country plays in the affairs of the
Organization, Zemen observes.

control, Yezareitu adds. ‘

The Ambaric weekly, Yezareitu
Ethiopia, devoted its editorial com-
ment to the significance of the on-
going revolutionary undertaking 10 eet

up workers’ ontral committees at the -
regional levels,

Pointing out thes the task of estab-
lishing people's. centro] committees for

Addis Ababa had now been complet-

ed, the paper praises the enthusiastic :
participation of the residents of Addis
Ababa, in this task. The paper. nates
that the establishmen, of people's con-
trol committees is a major step for-
ward in the task of socialtst construc.
Hon, and calls on the ‘broad masses
to set up control committees at the
regional level. .
Eliminating Exploitative
Tendencies

‘The Amharic weekly dresses that
athe revolutionary: proclamation which
provides for the establishment of peo»
ple’s control committees’ at all levels
is designed to nip im the bud any
remaining traits of exploitative ten-
dencies and to hasten socialist trans-
formation by stamping out corruption
and wastefulness of public property
and national resources.

The realization of our objective to
construct the people’s democratic re-
public of Eabiopia, in general, and of
our efforts to enhance production ef-
ficiency and increase productivity as
well as to maintain work discipline

ditt particular are largely dependent!

on eur ability to implement the ob-;
jectives of the provisions of the Pro-'
clamation on setting up of people's;

__—__ at



Pursuing his policy of peaceful negotiations, the king was able to achieve
his objectives without a single drop of blood ever being shed.

The major challenge facing the Swazi nation today is taking off from where
the king left and marching forward in wmity. Peace and unity should remain
the cornerstone of our nation. We should at all times remember the emphasis
our late king placed on peace and unity. The footmarks he has left behind
are clearly visible for all of us to see and follow. Unity is strength.

His wise counselling on peaceful negotiations are even more relevant at this
moment when important discussions are going on and important decisions are

to be taken. This is the time for all of us, irrespective of our station

in life, to realise that our destiny as a nation will largely depend on the
current discussions and the final decisions that are taken by the Royal Council.

The members of the Liqoqo [Supreme Council of State] announced this week
have an equally important role to play in the kingdom's future. ‘These two
bodies need our cooperation if they are to provide the appropriate leader-
ship the country requires. Their decisions during deliberations will to a
large extent depend upon our conduct as a nation.

The banging of tables during discussions is not only unSwazi but, also
unacceptable. Events in other parts of the world have clearly shown that
confrontation begets violence.

Our late king's belief in peaceful negotiations has been accepted by all
peaceloving people of the world. It would, therefore, be unfortunate if

we, having witnessed the good results of this policy, were to start departing
from now or in future.

Speaking during his diamond jubilee celebrations last year, His Majesty
remarked: 'The practice of giving one another--even as nations--our backs
when there is some misunderstanding is no solution as it can only lead to
our destruction."

At no time in his life had King Sobhuza felt he had an enemy. He said:
"He who regards himself as my enemy cannot succeed because I will spare no
efforts in getting closer and closer to him until there is a confernce."

Peace has always been uppermost in the king's mind. He once said: "Because
man has been given the talent of speech by God--people must discuss or invite
someone to come and help them--certainly not a group, and thereby resolve
the issues facing them." These are the words of a statesman and wise leader
in a world full of hatred and complete disregard for peace and love.

In pursuing the policy left by the late king, the Swazi people undet the
present leadership will do well to continue to take only what is good from
foreign cultures while discarding the bad ones from our own.

May our king and father rest in peace. Bayethe [hail, your majesty]!

cso: 4700/1818
93



GOVERNMENT REGULATES SIZE OF HOUSING PLOTS

Harare THE HERALD in English 19 Aug 82 p 7

[text]

cso:

ALL plots for new houses’in Zimbabwe must be
at least 300 m*, the Government has told the

Harare City Council.

‘The letter, signed by the
Secretary for Local Gov-
ernment and Town Plan-
ning and the Acting Sec-
yetary for Housing, said
layouts using smaller
stands, and previously
approved by the Govern
ment, could be kept.

But, no building would
be permitted unless the
building contract had al-
ready been signed,

Councils with sites pend-
ing approval, or in an ad-
vanced stage of planning,
could submit these with
evidence of work done and
the financial implications
of changing the plot sizes.

‘The Ministry of Local
Government and Town
Planning, after consulting
the ‘Ministry of Housing,
would decide if the larger
stands had to be used.

‘All National Housfng
Fund money would now
be channelled through the
housing services. develop-
ment branch of the Min-
istry of Housing for use
by building brigades.

No new contracts could
be signed for any housing,
except for council staff
houses,- without permis-
sion from both ministries,
but funds for existing
signed contracts would be
available to local authori-
ties. ———

4700/1820

Ata Press conference on’
Tuesday, the Minister of |
Housing, Cde Simbarashe
Mumbengegwi, said build-
ing brigades ‘would help
the aation provide reason-
able quality housing at
low prices for the lower

‘There would be two
groups of brigades, one
making materiais and one
helping people build their
own houses.

‘The materials brigades
would be divided into two
sections. One would make
conerete blocks on build-
ing sites. A smaller num-
ber, one in each province
to start with, would makes
more: sophisticated mate-
rials, such as roofing.

There would also be
two sorts of building bri-
gade. One type would
help build new houses on
newly-laid-out stands. The
other would help people
alter and extend existing
inadequate houses.

‘The brigades would pe
under the full contro! of
the local authorities. “This
may have to be modified
in practice,” the minister
said. “We don’t anticipate
any problems with the

98

ZIMBABWE

municipalities. We vetieve
they have adequate infra-
structures to carry out
this exercise.”

But district councils
would need help for a
little while.

Cde Mumbengeewi. said
Zimbabwe was self-suffi-
clent in building skills, al-
though . not all possessors
of these skills had formal
qualifications, and the re-
gistration exercise to take
place after the census
would allow the ‘ministry
to know the number*and
whereabouts of - potential
brigade members.

Rural housing had been
neglected totally in the
past, said the minister,
and a great
be done, He thought farm
workers could perhaps
live jn central villages.

The ministry was look-
ing into the possibility of
starting a few pilot
schemes in areas where
many commercial farms
were grouped together.

Discussions would
held with farmers, miners
and all interested organ-
isations, on how such set-
tlements could be set up
before any decisions were
taken.



Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

Hundreds Volunteer

MORE than 300 people
yesterday responded to
the appeal by the under-
-secretary for develop-
ment (Matabeleland
North), Cde Jacob Mu-
denda, for more enumera-
tors to register following
the withdrawal of more
than 200 others.

Cde Mudenda said the
response was tremendous.

In Bulawayo 160 people
were registered between
9 dm and closing time.
Most of them were regis-
tering for the first time

and would need to be!

trained, before they were
despatched for the census
exercise on Monday, he
said.
More than 100 turned
for registration at

up
Inyathi while 80 in Hwa- '

nge offered to help in the
Binga area.

The enumeration exer-
cise in the Inyathl, Nkayi
and Binga districts will
start on Monday as sche-
duled, the census manager
{administration and _co-
ordination), Cde Joseph
Mapondera said in Ha-
“rare yesterday.

More than 200 enumer-
ators had registered in
these areas by moon yes-
terday and “training had
started immediately”.

“Most of those who
turned up to register are
people living in Bulawayo
but come from these
areas. A few are local
folk and some are those
who had resigned and

have now re-registered.”

114

He said al) census offi-
ces in the country would
be open at weekends from
8 am to 4.30 pm through-
out © the enumeration
period.

“We are again appeal-
ing to all ministries to
lend us their cars for this
very important exercise.
Some have given us the
exact number of cars we
asked for and some have
given us far less.”

Some ministries had
not even replied and Cde
| Mapondera hoped they
would do so before Mon- |
day, when the big count
starts,

Some of the enumerators
who registered for the
second time after they
had withdrawn said they
were misled by other
people that it would be
dangerous to move about
in the communal areas in
Matabeleland. They said
were made to believe that
they would be targets of
dissidents.

Cde Norman Danda, a
teacher in Plumtree who
re-registered yesterday
said he had realised that
his withdrawal would
make the census exercise
more difficult,

Miss Joyce Ndlovu, also
@ teacher, said she bad
been told by friends that
her life would be in dan-
ger if she became a census
enumerator. “But I now
realise that I believed
them foolishly and almost
ruined a good Government
programme,” she said.



It also included-a group of
academics, mainly members of

the Aksie Eie Toekoms move-
ment that sprouted in the last
election. -

Combined with Dr Treur-
nicht’s sonorous oratory, they
have given crass racism the old
theological respectability that
1940s-style apartheid enjoyed
among its disciples of

iteryear. .
we has also brought a heavy
tediousness to CP con; eS.
The academics indulged in a fes-
tival of myopic nitpicking to en-
sure that, this time, the edifice
of separatism would be abso-
lately leakproof. - ‘

They left the inescapable im-
pression that, having been once

by a political party
now bent on integration, they
were not going to be suckers

again. .
In an affair that teemed with
ironic curiosities, one of the
strangest was that as the con-
servatives earnestly bent to the
task of defining their faith, they
often acted, for all the world, as

if they were on to something
new. :

D..... Mr Malan van der
Merwe, MP for Rissik: “This
congress will go down as one
where all the problems that
have remained unsolved
through the years finally
reached a solution.”

At was a statement greeted
with cheers and applause, ac-
claim for a newborn wisdoin
that ignored entirely the fact
that the. CP solution was in
every material respect an exact '
replica of old-style apartheid. =
~ Even the fact that the party

rhetoric and literature belabour

its purist lineage: through the D

F Malans, the J G Strijdoms and

the Hendrik Verwoerds, failed

to rob it of its sense of novelty.

It is a naivete that reveals
two more fundamental flaws in
the party's foundation.

First, there is an apparent
conviction that the present gov-
ernment’s deviation from the
original apartheid blueprint is
brought on by a sudden loss of
morality; it is seen as a hedonis-
tic romp, an orgy of pleasure-
seeking, a fun thing: 7 .
“Nothing could be further from
the truth. What reform there has
been has been relinquished with
the utmost reluctance, the pain
of a Scrooge parting with a

farthinj

fi .

‘And the lever that has prised
‘every-concession from the Gov-
ernment has been the relentless
reality that apartheid simply
does not work.

Yet, with an equally relent-
less faith, the CP has painstak-

ingly dedicated itself to a philos-
ophy that is not only old hat, but
is a manifest failure.
And, solemnly guiding the
party through that dedication
were at least three men — Dr
-Treurnicht, Dr Ferdi Hartzen-
berg and Dr Connie Mulder —
who have firsthand Cabinet ex-
perience of the day-to-day un-
workability of apartheid. *
The only real refinements the
CP have introduced are in the
policy for coloureds and
jans. :

T.. must each have fixed
homelands, where they can ex-°
ercise their political self-deter-
mination — upto a point.

The party faced its first crisis
over Indians. Once they had an
independent homeland, would
they not open immigration
floodgates for brothers, sisters,
cousins and aunts from India?

After long debate, this was
resolved with an assurance that

‘the Indians would not be handed
their homeland until they had

61

signed agreements on immigra-
tion policy. .

In essence, then, the policy is
self-determination for each race

up — as long as the whites
Fave the final say on what ev-
eryone determines.

Similarly, the congress
kicked against an original pro-
posal that urban blacks be given
certain powers to run their own
affairs, deciding eventually
that, instead of “powers”, they
should have “functions”.

“If you delegate functions,
you can always take them away
again later,” explained one
delegate.

‘Such sleights of hand were
also invoked to dispense with
other unwelcome features.

For example, the perma-
nence of urban blacks, recently
recognised by the Government |
after years of gobbledygook to
wish them elsewhere, was to be
vigorously denied once more.

To stem the tide of blacks to
the cities — projections are that
there will be 21-million more
urban blacks by the year 2000 —
one should simply not provide
any facilities at all for blacks in
“white” areas, was the sugges-
tion of Dr Alkmaar Swart, the
AET leader.

People like the black ladies.
who patiently served tea and
coffee throughout the congress
should travel from the home-
lands each day to hew whites’
wood and draw their water.

T.. overwhelming sense of
déja vu that prevailed through-
out the two-day affair, called to
mind -Oscar Wilde’s maxim:
“Consistency is the last refuge
of the unimaginative.”

To the extent that the CP. has
merely rewritten the tablets of
apartheid faith, they are the dul-
lest people around.

To the extent that they are
playing to full houses, they
might have confounded even
Wilde’s imagination.



SOUTH AFRICA

JAPAN CUTS FERROCHROME BUYS FROM SA
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 10 Aug 82 p 18
[article by Geoffrey Murray]

[text]

TOKYO “Japanese”
steelmakers have begun *
a_ deliberate. policy. of *
diversifying -  ferroch-:
rome imports away
from heavy dependence
‘on South Africa. ©. °

‘There is keen
interest . in. Tokyo “on
whether South ° Africa
will counter this trend:
through more... aggres-.
sive. salesmanship or :
further ‘price-cuts.

From 1975: to 1979, *
South “Africa far ex- =
ceeded: everyone’. .in
supply © capacity .and' =
price- competitive:
power. “

-But industry analysts {
say the trend is to:
maintain a fairly strong
trading mship ~:
with South, Africa «
while - increasing? im-*
ports ‘from.’ countries”
who -quatkify . for
preferential-duty .treat- i
ment. 4

~China, ¢ - Philip-
pines _amg.. India. ‘are {i

cso: 4700/1815

‘Still’ steadily increasing
production ‘capacity ‘in
an effort to lure-Japar
‘away from its. South
African. connection
and, in recent. months,
they have done remar-:
Kably well... ioe di
~-With Brazil and: Zim-
babwe also starting to’
make ‘their presence

felt, industry analysts

say: Japan is. now. as

problematical a market’
for South - African.

ferro-alloy producers: as-
Europe and the United
States, where deman¢
‘has ‘been shrinking
fast.” ~ ae
+ Industry analysts. cite
‘several significant —de-
“‘yelopments that — indi-
cate a trend away from
.South African sup-
pliers. tok

«Daido Special Steel,
which: formerly bought:
about 10000 tons of
“ferrochrome —_ annually
from. CMI, is now
diversifying. This year.

67

it has bought for the:
first: time 4000 tons
from China and — has
allotted, one-fifth of its
buys to Brazil. = =
Nippon Metal Indus-
try, which has had. a
close relationship with
,Samancor | since-. 1975;
“began to. sharply: cut,
-back its -buys “last. year.
It now gets three-fifths:
“of its-needs from Zi
x babwe and Brazil.
«Nippon Yakin’ is- cut~
‘ting by ‘about half-its
buys”. from CMI - this
year’ .(fermerly these
were on ‘a: level’ of
.10°000 to. 12.900 :.tons
annually). India -and
Brazil- now provide
more than half. of. its.
reeuirements.
* Industry. ~. analysts
note that South Africa
has. been.left with no
-choice but. to _ operate
at only about 45
“'percent of its maxi-
‘mum production. capa
“ity. Looe



niture Company). The annual output
is ahout 4,800 cuble metres composed
of different thicknesses. The particle

"board as partly transferred to the pre-

fab department of the plant and part-
ly sold to outside clients or organiza-
tions engaged in construction and
manufacture of furniure. Although
the plant was erected in 1963 and
that is about 20 years old, regular
maintenance has kept it still in good
tunning condition. ‘

Hard and soft board are e currently.
being produced at ETHARSO. The
original capacity of ETHARSO was
five tons/day. This wag subsequently
stepped up to 10.5 tons in 1970; At.
the present moment, however, | its
feasible practical capacity is’ estimat-
ed at about 8.5 tons/day or 2,300
tons/year. Its reduced efficiency and
the frequent mechnical breakdown it
is faced with has made it an uneco-
nomic ‘plant to run. Consequently it
is planned to conduct a study in order
te determing is fetare.

A case study on the use of wood
and other residues for compressed

{11 Aug 82 pp 3-4]

{Text]

The two major plants current enga-
ged in the production of carpentry and
huilding components are ECAFCO
and Wanza Woodworks. Whereas the
former specializes in particle . board
prefab construction, the latter's acti-
vity includes limited scale construc.
tion of wooden houses. ECAFCO's
prefab department's capacity is “esti-
mated to be more than 11,000m* of

floor zea per anniim.

12

board has: been recently conducted
through FAO. The study has revealed
that Ethiopia possesses ample quanti+
ities of straw, wood and other residucs
for industrial precessifig. Trials so far
made with straw and senbelet grass
have proved to be satisfactory, Further
trials are expected to be completed

- within short in the US. However the

economic aspect of the study. has not

The need for the rational utiliza-

tion’ of the country's dwindling forest
resource has also brought forward for
serious consideration the question of
erecting a cement bonded particle
board plant. This product is envisage
ed to ‘replace partly — if not cony
pletely — the curreng usagé of part-
dcle board in the manufacture of pre-

“fabs and other’ buildings and release

it for use in furniture plants, which
apparently will need increasingly to
depend on it asa result of the limited
availability of solid wood. The cement
bonded partiele board plant project
includes a system designed modular
element construction. unit.

Joinery products are produced in
fairly large quantities in Wanza Wood-
works and the two joineries under
the Forest Products Marketing and
Processing Corporation of FaWCDA.
The combined annual production of
these plants is estimated at about Birr
3 million, =

Major furniture manufacture in
the country takes place within the



People's Guardian Widely Experienced

cso:

DURING his eight years
on the Zambian bench,
South African-born Mr
Justice Moodley — (57),
earned a name as one of
the most respected and
responsible judges in the
country.

Mr Justice Manival
Muniswami Moodley was
born in Durban on March
13, 1925 — third in an
‘Asian family of four bro-
thers and five sisters.

His father was a pio-
meer Asian schoolteacher
in South Africa, and fol-
lowing in his’ foosteps,
all the sons became tea-
chers.

He did his primary
education at Greenwood
Park ‘Indian School, Dur-'
ban. .

In 1939 he was select-
ed to go ‘to Sastri Col-
lege, Durban, which was
a@ premier - secondary
school and teachers’
training coflege for
Asians.

After completing his A
levels in 1945, he took a
one-year post - matricul-
ation teacherg’ training
course; and taught at
Natal schools until 1950. :

At the same . time,
studying part-time at
Natal University, he
gained his BA, majoring
in English and history,

He went to London
where he took up law and
was admitted to the
Inner! Temple while also’
teaching part-time in
London.

4700/1820

95

He was admitted as &
barrister-at-law at the
Inner Témple in July 1957.

‘After eight months as a
senior master at his for-
mer college, in South
‘Africa, he joined Adisadel
College in Cape Coast,
Ghana, in 1959 as an
English teacher.

In Ghana he met the
Prime Minister, Cde Mu-
gabe, also teaching there
at the time.

In January, 1962 he
decided to return to Bri-
tain “to preserve my Com-
monwealth status”, be-
cause South Africa had
left the Commonwealth,

He was indentured to
British barrister Sir Geof-
frey Howe, now Britain’s
Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer.

Later he joined cham-
bers in ‘the Temple as a
practising member of the
English Bar and part-
time law reporter.

In September 1966 he
took up an appointment
as a Lusaka resident
magistrate contracted un-
der the British Overseas
Supplementary Aid Scheme
Six months later he was
transferred to the Copper-
belt town of Mufulira.

He has since held vari-
ous position: Deputy re-
gistrar of Lusaka High
Court (1970); senior Lu-
saka resident magistrate
(1972) and Lusaka High
Court registrar (1973).
He was appointed a judge
on August 8, 1974.

He was. transferred to
Ndola in March 1975' and
remained ‘* cre until his

retirement last month.



KENYA

ATR FORCE OFFICER TESTIFIES IN TANZANIAN COURT
EFA241420 Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 24 Aug 82 p 1

[Excerpts] Dar es Salaam--A senior pilot of the now disbanded Kenya Air
Force (KAF) today said he and another KAF major were forced at gunpoint to
fly an aircraft to Tanzania early this month.

Maj Nick Ole Leshani told Chief Resident Magistrate Goodwill Korosso that
it was one of the most daring flights in his life, since he did not have a
qualified navigator nor any navigational aids to guide him to fly to the
destination where those kidnapping him and Maj William Jack Marende wanted
the KAF aircraft to land.

Maj Leshani said he had 11 years’ experience as an army transport pilot. He
was giving evidence in an extradition case against KAF Senior Sgt Pancras
Oteyo Okumu and Senior Pvt Ezekiah Ochuka, who are wanted back in Kenya to
stand trial on charges of kidnapping the two senior officers.

Sgt Okumu and Pvt Ochuka are alleged to have kidnapped Majors Leshani and
Marende, forcing them to fly them to Tanzania on 1 August without their con-
sent.

The Kenyan warrant of extradition has already been endorsed by a court here
and the case is being heard to determine whether there is strong evidence to
warrant their repatriation to Kenya to be charged with a criminal offence.
[passage omitted]

Leshani said he had been summoned from his house at the KAF quarters in
Eastleigh at about 11 a.m. on 1 August and that he and four other officers
were ordered to lie down near the operations centre at the KAF base. He
identified the four as-Lt Col Kiluta, Maj Mbaka, Lt Odhiambo and Maj Marende.
[passage omitted]

Maj Leshani said the kidnappers had earlier told him that they wanted him to
fly them to Nanyuki.

He said the instructions were changed after they got into the buffalo 210

aircraft. Immediately after I locked the aircraft, I heard Maj Marende re-
ceiving instructions from Pvt Ochuka to fly to Tanzania, he said.

17



SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANERS URGED TO AVOID LEFT, RIGHT, MIDWAY POLICIES
Johannesburg RAPPORT in Afrikaans 18 July 82 p 20

[Article by Albert Crafford: "Are Afrikaners Going to the Right, Left or
Straightforward?"]

[Text] One would swear that this is the year of the Afrikaner; one would
swear that’ thisiis the year oft thesAfrikanercall.year’ long,cespeciallyaat
symposium time when the Afrikaner must put his standing on the dissection
table.

But this year it is not a matter of analysis, but a matter of winning over
the heart of the Afrikaner and if this is not always the crux of the matter,
at least it will have to do with those organizations which are involved with
him. It is a matter of capturing the Afrikaner by the Afrikaner.

Just as we are now about to witness, this sort of thing is happening in the
FAK [Federation of Afrikaner Cultural Associations] where they are attempting
to pave the way for the ever old conservative tendency, and everybody knows
that the FAK has taken up its place in the vestibule of the Afrikaner
Broederbond [Afrikaner Brothers League]. It is easy to trace the connection:
Even there behind closed doors, within influential circles, and so on, the
seal must be affixed.

But this is not because the enemy is pounding on the portals.

No, it is not an immediate matter of black nationalism and British imperial-
ism!

It is a matter of what kind of Afrikaner must set the trend, not only in the
political field, but also in the so-called cultural organizations. Put
somewhat differently: A wall of influence counteracting extreme reforms must
be strung far enough from the political arena so that it can forge on there
in just as ennobling a manner.

Right now these matters are confusing a person's perspective if one tries to
obtain clarity about possibilities and probabilities on the road to reform,
because one gets the feeling that many of these sort of things are carried
on out of hearing range and out of sight: behind the closed door and in

46



POLISH EMIGRANTS--Two thousand Poles have emigrated to South Africa since
martial law was declared eight months ago, and SA firms are busy recruiting
more, The 45 000 Polish refugees who fled to Austria are also being snapped
up by other industrial countries, mainly the United States, Canada and
Australia, Mr Walter Krum, Press officer of the South African Embassy

in Vienna, said this week: "We have already sent 2000 people out and we are
still recruiting more, ‘More than 50 South African companies have been over
here looking for likely recruits and they have been very successful in find-
ing what they want." The biggest recruiters have been Dorbyl Engineering,
Escom, Iscor, Volkswagen, General Mining, Anglo American, motor manufacturers
and hospitals, Hospitals have been snapping up as many doctors and nurses

as they can find in the refugee camps, The South African Government foots
20 percent of the bill for moving refugees and their families and the
employer pays the rest, "Firms in South Africa have made very good job
offers," Mr Krumm said, "No Pole leaves Austria without a fixed job offer."
"When he leaves here he knows the job he is going to, where his accommodation
will be and what his salary is. "If he arrives on a Friday, he is almost
ready to start work on a Monday." [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in
English 15 Aug 82 p 21]

MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT=~During the next six years a total of R51 000-
million will be invested in 27 mjor manufacturing groups in South Africa.
According to projections made in the latest issue of the Property Economist,
a 5,1 percent average real growth rate of new investment in the manufacturing
sector can be expected between now and 1987, which, added to an annual
average inflation rate of 15 percent puts new investment at 20,1 percent a
year. The largest sector for new investment will be iron and steel basic
industries which will be responsible for 22,4 percent of total new invest-
ment. The motor vehicle sector will comprise 8,7 percent and chemical
products will be responsible for 8,2 percent. Other major investment avenues
which will attract funds include beverages at 6,2 percent, industrial chemi-
cals, 6,1 percent, textiles, 6 percent, food, 5,8 percent and metal
products, 5 percent. South Africa is, however, currently in a down phase
after production levels peaked in July last year. For the whole of 1981
manufacturing production increased by 6,9 percent compared with 10,4 percent
in 1980, From July to February 1982 there was a decline in the seasonally
adjusted production index, The sectors which experienced declines in
productivity in the 12 months to February 1982 were food, leather and leather
products, wood and wood products, furniture, pottery, iron and steel and
basic industries and professional and scientific equipment, There was an
increase of 15 percent in the non-ferrous metal basic industries sector.
[text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 15 Aug 82 p 5]

cso: 4700/1816

91



OFFICIAL HITS OUT AT TRIBAL LEADERS IN CAPRIVI

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 18 Aug 82 p 5

(text]

AN OFFICIAL of
the Caprivi African’
National Union (Canu),
Ernest Likando, has
threatened court action
against the tribal
authorities in -Caprivi
after they ‘arbitrarily’
convicted him on an
‘undefined’ charge last
month.

In a statement released
in Windhoek Mr Likando
attacks the DTA-affiliated
Mafwe and Basubia tribal
authorities for sentencing
him to a fine of 10 cattle or
R1000 at a joint court
hearing in Katima Mulilo
on July 12.

The charge was
described to him as com-
mitting defamation of
Chief Mamili’s name at @
recent Canu congress.

Chief Mamili is leader of
the Mafwe tribe.

“Chiefs are traditional
leaders, not our political
leaders. They must not use
their chieftainship to sup-
press us,” the statement
adds, -

29

Mr Likando also reacted
to a joint statement by
Chiefs JM Moraliswane of
the Basubia tribe and RM
Mamili, in which .it was
acknowledged that a plot
to overthrow three Basubia
leaders, including Chief
Moraliswane recently, had
failed.

In the statement they
described Mr Likando as
“self-styled internal leader
of the defunct Canu” and
accused him of trying to
“drive a wedge between the
two tribes in the area”
through raising an inter-
tribal border dispute in
connection with the foiled
conspiracy.

CHEAP
PROPAGANDA
They also said Mr
Likando ‘was “guilty of ir-
responsible conduct and
false statements to the
‘press bent on cheap

propaganda.”

Replying to these, Mr
Likando pointed out he
was present: at a secret
meeting between the tribal
authorities and top Canu
leaders in December 1980

, where he “talked at great
Tength”

NAMIBIA



six plants under the Ethiopian Wood-
works Corporation, a

‘The range of furniture manufactur.
ed by these plants includes household,
office, school, and hospital furniture.
Their annual combined output is cal-
eulaied to amount to about Birr 10
million,

Owing to their historical develop-|
ment, the plants’ lack much of what
is desirable to cope with the increas- |
ing demand for furniture in the coun. |
try. Accordinly a study is underway :
leading to the rationalization of the |
plants, For the same valid reasons,
the study also covers the joinery acti
vities mentioned above.

Overall domestic demand for the
products of the industry during the
Jast few years has been marked by
sustained increase. Tho main factor
contributing to this trend is, the socio-
economic development campaign tak.
ing place in the country. As a result
the gap between demand and supply
has kept on widening.

The “apparent” demand of the co-

untry for the industry’s products is

Foreign Market
Ethiopia has very little experience
in the export marketing of the indus-
try’s products. Efforts so far are limit.
ed to occasional contacts with poten:
-tial customers and participation in ‘the

BASIC DATA REGARDING WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS INDESTRY OF FTHIOPIA

UNIT 2977/28 1978/79 1979/80

Public Private Total Public Private Total Public. G Private Total
Nurber of establishnents No at 66 ” 17 60 7 23 45 68
Gross value of production "900 | 15834 1090 | Fa6gRh 22hB2 1382 36206 a32h5 13691. | °36936
Ae % of manufacturing Industry} - - 2.4 - - 2.2 ~ - 2.8 |
Value ‘added (market price) 1000 9347 5958 13310 10821" 6484 17305 13x61 6399 | “19460
Value added (factory cost) |/000} 8616 5481 | 13997 go12 5687 | asso9 | 12681 sug | 17130
Nunber of persons engaged No 1409 3084 4439 2419 2907 5326 3042 2252 5294
As % of manufacturing Industry, - - 6.7 - - 6.9 - - 6.9
Total labour cost “000 Bash 3674 7128 4937 4176 op 6403 33 | 10116
As % of manufacturing Industry} - - 5.4 - - 5.8 - - 5.9
Fixed assets 000 | 3611 2670 6286 4052 2853 6965, 8342 2533 | 10875
As of manufacturing Industry! - - 2.0 - - eo) - - 29

Source: Central Btatistical Office - Statistical Bulle

tino on "Results of the Survey of Manufacturing Industry"

13



Go For Reform!

(article by Fl

#2°Professor Schleminer also’
‘points out’ that Indian -and
lpfired support for the plan
also “very conditional”. -.
‘Response to the” poll
wed that support would:
bé' withdrawn if the new dis‘
pensation failed to “deliver
the goods” and offer them
réal participation.

If it did’ not;- the’ system
‘would collapse in much the
same way as the Coloured
Persors Representative
Counc. .

‘The 50 percent PFP sup-

t for the Prime Minister's
plans, Professor Schlemmer
said, was a clear indication to
the PF'P leadership that it
should not take an executive
decision on the Prime Minis-
ter’s proposals. Instead, the
issue should “be left to the
party's congresses to decide.

‘The results appeared to in-
dicate that many PFP sup-

# probably shared the
‘flew ot the Indian and col

eur de Villiers]

oured majority that they
should co-operate with the
new system to improve it, he
said.

‘One remarkable feature of
the survey is the high number
of people —. one in five —
who confessed to not knowing
hat the proposals were.

Ignorance

This: level. of ignorance is
astonishing when compared
to previous political polls and
suggests.that Mr Botha and
his Cabinet will have to do a
better selling jot of explain-
ing his constitutional plan to
the electorate.

Dr - Treurnicht, however,
cannot comfort himself with
the hope that once all is ex-
plained the “don’t knows”
will fall into his camp.

The survey contains the
clear indication that the
“don't knows” do not lean to-
wards the Conservatives and
that a8 confusion decreases
more.will fall in behind Mr
Botha, ) 0-5 5

Overwhelming

The survey however con-
INDIAN and coloured tains some dismal news for
leaders have a clear go- political leaders in both com-
ahead from their voters Munities. Replies to a ques-

to co-operate with Mr
Botha’s constitutional
reform.

The nationwide poll com-
missioned this week by the
Sunday Times — the first
since the Prime Minister un:
veiled his plans at the Feder-
al National Party congress in
Bloemfontein — shows that
47 percent of Indians and 39

t of coloureds would

“go into the system to change '

it for the better”.

~ This despite the fact that a |

clear majority in both com-
smunities believe: the propos-
als do not go far enough.

“~~. Dismal
‘Only one in five coloureds

and one in four Indians would .

have nothing to do with the
plans, while 26 percent of the

dians and 30 percent of the
coloureds would first try and
have them improved before
cooperating in the new
System,

‘tion. on party affiliation
| Showed that one in three Indi- |

ans and 46 percent of the col-
oured community supported
|no political party. .
Professor ~Lawrence
Schlemmer who helped de-
vise the poll said that the sur-
vey had revealed a real credi-
bility problem for Indian and
coloured leaders. |
It is a dilemma they obvi-|
ously share with both Dr An-!
dries Treurnicht of the Con-
servative Party, whose voter
support remains stuck at 5,8
Percent nation-wide and Mr

ause Raw whose New Re-'

public Party seems set to dis-'
appear from the map. '

he NRP could muster’
only 3,7 percent support na-
tionwide and 16,3 percent in

its Durban stronghold where
it comes a poor third to the,
National Party’s 31,7 percent
and the PFP’s 27,6 percent.
Nationwide the National
Party enjoys the support of 44
percent of the white elector-
ate, and the PI

FP 22 percent.

57

The extensive ‘survey
which was scientifically de-
signed to test white, coloured
and Indian attitudes to the
new constitutional pt Is
put five questions to rebite re:
spondents in seven major re-
gions of South Africa — Jo-
hannesburg, the Reef, Pretor-
ia, Cape Town, the Eastern
Cape, Durban and
Bloemfontein.

The Indian survey was con-
ducted in Durban and the col-
oured poll in Cape Town.

Whites were asked whether
the Prime Minister was going
, too far with reform, whether

‘the reforms were about right,
or whether they did not go far

enough.
‘Additional questions were:
Would they vote for or
against the proposals in a ref-
erendum; was a_ president
with greatly extended powers
good or bad; which political
party supported and
whether the exclusion of
blacks was good or'bad.
Coloureds and Indians
were asked in addition wheth-
er their political groups
should have nothing to do



employment probleiiss
would mount, causing
hardship and’ social and,
political tensions.

It adds that those
countries which are major
exporters on manufac-
tured goods will grow the
most capialy erreeause
they have the ability to

respond to the changing
structure of world mar-
kets,

Several countries with
low; but but replaly. increas-

racturing pro-
duction and exports, are
likely to grow faster than
those which rely heavily
‘on primary commodity ex-
ports, i
“For the latter, de-
pressed terms of trade’
and slow growth of ex-’
port volume would limit
imports and their ability’
to borrow.”
‘Turning to agriculture,
the report says that for’

tion of this sector to
growth and the capacity
of traditional farmers fo
change were contr

sial and little understood.
issues.

“That is no longer $0.
Economic growth has
gone hand in hand with
agricultural progress.”

All farmers respond to
economic incentives and
far from being “tradition
bound peasants”, farmers
have shown that they
jshare_a tationality that
"outweighs differences in
their social gnd ecological |
conditions.

Farmers can contribute |
to agricultural invest~
“ment as even those on a!
“few acres save a substan-'
tial part of any extra ins =
come and invest it on’
their farms. {

“Small farmers can be

highly productive, typical- |

ly producing more from

farms. Programmes
favouring smallholders
ean offer good economic
returns as well as in-
erease employment and
reduce rural poverty.”
But the lack of techno-
logical improvements
suitable for African con-

ditions is _a main reason

for Africa’s poor performs
ance so far,

Major investments in
irrigation, transport and

marketing networks are’

also needed, which re-
quire external assistance,

‘The constraints on ag-
ricultural growth do not
lie in the ‘behaviour of
farmers— who are willing
to work — but are to be
found in the environment
in which the farmers
operate.

“The future depends on °

a@ number of factors —

many years the contribu- each acre than large

The Baby Boom

ZIMBABWE'S population, the fastest growing in the world, will
rise by an average 4,3 percent each year to stand at 17 million
by 2000, according to the latest World Development Report.
This means that by 1990 the number of children born in. Zim-
babwe each day will exceed the number of people dying by an
average of 1 200 (or 50 people an hour).

Can Zimbabweans afford to breed so fast?

Already we are building schools at the rate of more than
200 a year; already we are planning to put up more than 500 000
low-cost houses over the next 10 years; already we are finding
it difficult to provide, equip and staff the e hundreds of hospitals
and clinics our people need.

And even before assuming that 17 million Zimbabweans
will be able to enjoy their basic rights to education, housing and
health care, will the farms and the factories be producing enough
of the bare necessities of life by the year 2000?

In the 1950s Chairman Mao believed a socialist society
could manage a population of any size and sacked his top
population expert when he dared suggest otherwise. Today China
has a population of over a billion and the planners in Peking

110



ZIMBABWE

MUGABE VIEWS CENSUS AS KEY TO GOOD PLANNING

Opens Computer Center
Harare THE HERALD in English 17 Aug 82 p 1
[text]

-THE Government needs the national census
because it cannot plan successful development

programmes without knowing the geographical
distribution of the people, the: Prime Minister,

Cde Mugabe,
yesterday. :
Opening the Scientific!
Computer Centre in Ha-
vare, he said the three-!
year national transitional
plan would meet its goals
only 4 the Government
ew how many le it
was planning fore ]
“At the same time, it is
true to eay that — other!
factors conceded — the!
success of the national
census depends on the’ effi-
ciency of our tools for
collecting and analysing |
our population data, It is |
in this regard that I firm- |
ly believe that the Scien- ‘
tific Computer Centre
vill play" such a vital role,” |
the Prime Minister said. -
The decision to set up!
‘he computer centre and
the realisation of that de- |
vision could not have been |
more timely, It had been’
established at a time!
when we major Govern- |
n rogrammes were
tbout to be launched — |
he transitional plan and |
he census. |
“Our success in the tran- I
itional national develop-
nent plan will depend in |
1 large measure upon our |
‘ull command over the re- |
evant information,” - he |

said

Lack of information and
naccurate processing of
lata could only lead to in-
iffective and irrelevant de-
relopment strategies
vhich would inevitably
niss national development
coals. i

One such attempt to
vain full. command over
he relevant data was the
rensus which started yes-
cerday, Cde Mugabe said
chat he had already been
rounted.

‘The Government had
endorsed the, concept of
centralised computing as
the most rational ap-

proach to meeting the

urgent requirements of the
country’s independence,
- But there was a need
to develop data-processing
facilities objectively and
carefully.
By centralising data-
facilities at the
onset of the transitional
plan and the census with-
in the first two years of
independence, the country
was providing itself with
the opportunity to take a
scientific look at its re-
quirements and resources
in order to proceed with
its development plans.

112

This, the Prime Minister
said, would be done with-
out the tisk of duplicating
efforts or wasting resour-
ces. Centralised computing
did not close the doors to
such developments within
individual ministries and
departments when it was
seen to be necessary.

Data processing being
the fastest indus-
try, must first be assessed
in the context of the coun-
try's experience, and then
requirements must be
matched to skill resources.

Cde Mugabe pointed out
that skilled resources were
very scarce in the com-
puter field, and to ignore
this could' lead to a situa-
tion where the country
would be saddled with
several white elephants
for computers dotted
around city and country.

The centralised approach
to . computerisation was
seen aS a springboard to
developing the country’s
own data-processing skills
and other capabilities —~
stil] limited or nascent —
particularly when man-
power and financial re-
sources. were taken into
account,



Briefs

Schoolchildren Off To Bulgaria
Zanu (PF) Rallies

Power Probe

New Roads for Matabeleland
Camouflage Kits Recalled
Mutare Flight Cancelled
Paper Crisis Plan
Expatriates Tolerated
Commonwealth Aid

Big Passport Delay
Census-Takers Opt Out

119
119
119
120
120
120
120
121
121
122
122



diesel engines, The high thermal efficiency of the engine is achieved partly
by using waste heat from the engine coolant and by an ingenious control
system developed by Daimler-Benz. The Pretoria City Council is assisting in
road testing the new engine in one of its buses under the supervision of the
Bureau of Standards, Because the new engine, apart from some minor aspects
is based on established technology, Atlantis Diesel Engines should be able
to produce the engine without any major adaptation of the present South
African facilities, AECI--which produces methanol on a commercial basis
locally--together with other companies, is investigating the possibility

of expanding its facilities.--Sapa [text] [Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL
in English 14 Aug 82 p 3]

SANKO SUBSIDIARY--One of the world's largest shipping lines, Sanko Steamsnip
Company, has established a subsidiary in Johannesburg. It is headed by Mr
Donald West, former commercial manager of Safmarine. Other subsidiaries are
in Tokyo, Singapore, Rotterdam, London and New York, The line has a fleet
of more than 300 ships and is a major transporter of bulk cargoes, oil and
liquid petroleum gas. The Johannesburg office in the Carlton Centre will

be linked by international satellite to all the subsidiaries and the parent
company, Sanko Kisen, in New York. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English
5 Aug 82 p 24]

SAMSA BAN SOUGHT--Six South African university student bodies have launched
an international campaign to get the South African Medical Students' Associa-
tion (Samsa) expelled from the world body, The campaigners want Samsa--made
up of medical students from the Universities of Orange Free State, Stellen-
bosch and Pretoria--out of the International Federation of Medical Students'
Association because of "Samsa's lack of action concerning matters related to
health in its broader social context." In this regard student bodies at the
Witwatersrand, Natal, Cape Town and Medunsa universities claim that Samsa had
failed to take a public stand over deaths in detention or the effects of
"apartheid health" in South Africa. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in
English 8 Aug 82 p 9]

BROWN BUYING POWER BOOMS--Coloured households, now numbering 367,000 are
rapidly developing into a consumer power in their own right. Last year

135 000 coloureds bought a car, 31 000 bought bakkies or combis, while
185.000 bought a refrigerator, Nearly 163 000 decided on a new electric
stove, 100 000 on a hi-fi, 154 000 took to a television set while 91 000
wanted a washing machine, In a similar vein, 108 000 bought a watch,

12 000 needed an engagement ring and 75 000 painted either the interior or
the exterior of their home, An astounding 110 000 coloureds tried to lose
weight and a healthy 18 000 acquired a second-hand truck, More than 150 000
households own a dog and 82 000 homes have a pet cat. According to a recent
AMPS survey, quoted by Market Research Africa, 655 000 coloureds eat rice,
341 000 take sugar, 266 000 use insecticides, 241 000 buy toilet soap,

213 000 use flour, 189 000 prefer yellow margarine, Another 159 000 drink
cool drinks, 155 000 sip table wines, 148 000 use washing powders, 125 000
like aerosol deodorants and 124 000 pop headache pills. [Text] fschannes=
burg SUNDAY TIMES-BUSINESS TIMES in English 8 Aug 82 p 4]

89



NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

SEVENTEEN SWAPO TERRORISTS KILLED--The south-west Africa/Namibia security
force has killed 17 SWAPO terrorists in central and western Ovambo in the
past few days. South-west Africa territory force headquarters in Windhoek
said two of the insurgents were killed in the central region and the others
were tracked down about 100kms away on the border with Kaokoland. They had
attempted to delay their pursuers by laying landmines. Follow-up operations
were continuing to hunt down other terrorists who escaped confrontation.
Arms and ammunition found on insurgents had included landmines, anti-
personnel mines, rocket launchers and missiles, AK-47 rifles and blocks of
TNT. All the equipment had originated in the eastern bloc. [Text]
[LD232246 Johannesburg International Service in English 2100 GMT 23 Aug 82]

SOUTH AFRICAN DEFENSE FORCE~-The South African defense force has repeated
that it is in south west Africa/Namibia at the request of the people of the
territory to protect them from deeds of terrorism perpetrated by SWAPO. An
official said in Pretoria that the defense force would search out and elimin-
ate SWAPO murderers wherever they might be hiding and any country housing
them would have to face the consequences. The official was reacting to
Angolan reports that South African troops have been massed along the border
between south west Africa and Angola and that they were ready to invade
Angolan territory. [Text] [LD301246 Johannesburg International Service in
English 0300 GMT 30 Aug 82]

SWAPO LOSSES--The south-west Africa territory force has announced in Windhoek
that about 7,000 SWAPO terrorists have been killed by security forces since
the beginning of hostilities in south-west Africa/Namibia 16 years ago.

During these 16 years about 1,000 members of the civilian population were
killed in terrorist attacks, Half of them were either murdered or killed

in landmine explosions. So far this year, more than 1,000 SWAPO terrorists
have been killed. SWAPO losses do not include terrorists killed in air raids
on bases in neighboring countries or those who died of wounds inflicted in
clashes, but only confirmed deaths. The report from Windhoek says it has been
known for some time that medical facilities in Angola are extremely poor and
that the majority of terrorists wounded in clashes with the security forces
eventually died 6f their wounds. [Text] [LD262340 Johannesburg International
Service in English 2100 GMT 26 Aug 82]

34



greater demand for paper to the increased quotas for educational requirements.
He said the factory had to close down for two weeks recently due to an
electrical fault which had mde it fall back on orders. Hunyani Pulp and
Paper Industries Ltd will soon manufacture white paper to help alleviate the
shortage, the mill manager, Mr Steven Coleman said, The new line would also
help utilise the machinery normally used for the cardboard cartons, wrapping
paper and bag paper manufactured by the company. Mr Coleman said the

demand for these products was so low that the company had had to shut down
its machinery for a month recently. The company, which is now waiting for
currency allocations to import white pulp was eager to start manufacturing
white paper as this would greatly improve its position, [text] [Harare
THE HERALD in English 18 Aug 82 p 11

EXPATRIATES TOLERATED--Bulawayo--Expatriates are a "necessary evil" which
Zimbabwe intends to phase out, the permanent secretary for public service
has said. Cde Naison Mawande told The Record monthly in an interview:
"When expatriates have moved into other black African countries they have
tended to stay on there for up to 15 years, We don't intend this to happen
here, "Each expatriate will have a Zimbabwean working alongside him or her
so that within two or three years the expatriate's services can be dispensed
with, "They are a necessary evil, I am afraid, and one which we aim to
phase out." There was still work to be done in the technical areas of
certain ministries. Of the recruitment of expatriates, Cde Mawande said

it was essentially a short-term strategy "to solve our manpower shortage
problem." "The long-term strategy is, of course, training within Zimbabwe--
and without." The apex of the training structure would be the Zimbabwe
Institute of Public Administration and Management which is financed by the
Nigerian government. "In tandem with the Ministry of Manpower Planning

and Development we will identify shortage areas within the public service
and where possible, offer scholarships for Zimbabweans to study outside, if
necessary," Cde Mawande said, [Text] [Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English
15 Aug 82 p 3]

COMMONWEALTH AID--The new Hwange thermal power station will be partly financed
by the Commonwealth Development Corporation as soon as agreement is reached
with the Government, it was announced yesterday, The CDC regional controller
for Central Africa, Mr James Tuckett said in Harare that talks were going on
over an estimated $13m loan to help develop the country's power supply.
"Negotiations are now well advanced for that loan to the Electricity Supply
Commission towards the cost of additional generating capacity," he said. .

The CDC, which opened an office in Harare yesterday, would work with the
Government and parastatal organisations to assess the investment needs of
agriculture and industry. It made equity and loan investments in both private
and public projects to help developing countries become self-sufficient, Mr
Tuckett said, "Joint ventures with government organisations have become such
a feature of CDC's operations in Africa that they are likely to feature
strongly in Zimbabwe, "The projects in which we take part must offer good
prospects of commercial viability when fully developed.and should be self-
sustaining without permanent support or subvention from public funds," he

said at a brief Press conference, The CDC was working with the Agricultural

121



STATE ‘SEEKS PEOPLE'S VIEWS ON RESETTLEMENT!

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

WHEN the Government's
resettlement programme
was first launched there
was little time to involve
the people, the Deputy
Secretary for Rural and
Co-operative Development
in the Ministry of Lands,
Resettlement and Rural
Development, Cde Mark
Paraiwa, has said.

Cde Paraiwa was. re-
acting to charges by dele-
gates at the Hlekweni
seminar on environmental
degration, that the Gov-
ernment had ignored the
people when drawing up
resettlement policies.

“During 1981, I visited
Bulawayo two. or three
times and on each occa-
sion the question of the
need to involve the people
was discussed with the
former Minister of Lands,
Cade Sekeramayl, and Cde
Mahachi (then deputy
minister).

“However, at the time
gramme was launched,
there was little time to
involve the people.”

‘The operation had be-
come a desk exercise by

4700/1820

BULAWAYO

°

officials in the ministry.

‘Ministry officials from
past governments were.
aware of the direction in
which the incoming Gov-
ernment wanted to move
and had tried within ex-'
isting concerns to make!
provision for the pro-'
gramme, Cde Paraiwa |

id.

The. question of the ex-
gluston of contributions
ym the le regarding
resettlement did aot affect

the whole country.

In some areas where
agro-ecological conditions
were better the problem
had not cropped up.

“In those areas where
she conditions are more
onducive to better living
-onditions, the resettled
seople have had no com-
dlaints.” i

From the time provin-'
tial resettlement officers
had been appointed they
had tried to discover from'
the people how they wan-/

96

ZIMBABWE

ted the Government ' to
approach the issue.

“We wanted to know
how they wanted us to
meet -their hopes, fears
and desires,” said Cde
Paraiwa,

Some people had come
up with suggestions, but
when the Government had
asked for detailed pro-
posals they had not re-
ceived them.

Experts attached to the
Milaistry of Lands were
working, in Matabeleland
and were available. to
district councils and pro-
vincial authorities.

“They are there for the
people to approach with
ideas of how things should
shape up,” he said.

‘The reports and propo-
sals of these experts
would be looked at by the
ministry and would be
made available to the pub-
lic for feedback.

“4 wrong impression
fas been created that the
Government had closed its
mind to proposals - from
people in certain-areas.

“We have aot overlook-
ed the concerned people
in those affected areas
and we-are aware of the
envirgnmental problems
they face,” said Cde Pa-
raiwa.



The delegate of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, (Abdel Lassur) ,
made the following statement after his audience with the head of state:

[Begin (Lassur) recording] I first of all conveyed to President Kountche
the greetings of his brother, President ‘Abdallah [as heard], as well as
his assurance that their views are similar concerning the problems now
facing the Islamic world. We then discussed the problems facing Africa and
the role the African countries and the Islamic world must play together.
President Kountche stressed the solidarity which must exist between the
African Islamic countries and the African countries in general on one hand
and the Muslim countries of the ICO on the other in order to tackle the
problems now confronting the world. [End recording]

cso: 4719/1332

37