MOZAMBIQUE

"VOFA' COMMENTARY NOTES RNM PROGRESS

MB231852. (Clandestine) Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique 1700 GMT
21 Dec 82

[Station commentary]

[Excerpts] As in all countries ruled by communist systems, Mozambique is under

a minority dictatorship through which Samora Machel oppresses our people. Machel's
policy is based on the experiences of some’ countries which have followed the
communist path. The application of these experiences has failed because they are
foreign to the Mozambican reality, and as a result it is the people who suffer.
The government imposes sacrifices and deprives the people of their rights, and
thus general dissatisfaction erupts.

There are prospects for a favorable outcome of the second struggle of national
liberation in view of the advances achieved by our guerrillas, The number of
operations launched by. our forces since the opening of the Zambezia and Gaza
fronts less than 6 months ago amount to over 600. The explosions from the bombs
our guerrillas set have caused enormous losses. One only needs to analyze the
situation in the country during the past few months to realize that the Mozambique
national resistance has made progress.

The resistance has adopted sophisticated political and military tactics, and
the latest events are evidence of the existing coordination in these two fields.
The progress made in Zambezia’ Province by the Mozambique National Resistance
guerrillas, who are on their way to Nampula Province, shows their determination
and, above all, high morale. Our guerrillas count on the untiring support of
the local population, which makes them hasten on their way to freedom. Our
victory depends on the people since it is with the help of the people that
guerrilla warfare is waged. Therefore, we appeal to the people to unite in

the common goal of overthrowing the oppressive regime of Samora Machel.

cso: 3442/83

5



HARRY OPPENHEIMER REFLECTS ON RETIREMENT

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 3 Dec 82 p 17

{Harry Oppenheimer interviewed by David Breier]

[Text]

“Plamonds ais WT eiel’s

“best friend — and

‘Oppenheimer’s too.

Harry
-=«.-]f beneath that businessman’s exterior
‘there ‘beats ‘a heart of gold, you can be-sure

it is well studded with diamonds,

~e “Diamonds are a fascinating business—

a-sort of mixture between the mining busi-
less and. dealing with works of .art.”..Mr:

elmer. says.

7 péclines "on?" at
plush :couch in the of-
‘fices of» Oppetiheimer’
and’.Son. at. 44: Main;
Street, Johannesburg. +
*"Eookifig benignly at
Him from the wall is a
portrait of his father, Sir
Ermest;- founder of. the
Oppenheimer empire.

‘+:Sir. Ernest’s love of
Gamonds; of .- their
Sheer beauty, was’

‘As plain’ Ernest Op-
penheimer, a young up-
start at De Beers in
Kimberley, he once had
the temerity to tell the
great Solly Joel that a
chunk found in one of
his diamond mines was
nothing.more than @
piece of _ glass.

Joel bet him £50. that
it was-a diamond — and
lost. “Best £50 I ever
earned,” Sir Ernest

at.the end of the year
at the age of 74 after~
25 years as chairman of
Anglo American, is de-
laying his retirement as

36

chaittian of De BéersTM
to help nurse the dia-.
mond trade out ‘vf the
doldrums. ey
“I: think “it was right
to “stay. on’ until | one?
cotild see light at the
end of the “tunnel.” “3
“&etually,,. for” some:!
reason,: the \ diamond
business: isa little bet-:
ter, now. I.don’t know?
whether that is a flash -
in’ the’ “pan: or’ the!
beginning ofa real im-"
provement,” he said as
if describing the slow
convalescence: of @
loved one. :
Looking back at his
career, he said: “I have
had the - satisfaction
over the years of having.
inherited my position
from my father . . «
and of “having been
able to develop it over
the years so that I: leave
it bigger than it was
when I was first con-'
cerned with it.” ‘
In modesty, Mr Op-
penheimer fails to say’
just how much bigger.
In 1958 after he took
over, Anglé had: assets’

SOUTH AFRICA



SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY ON FUEL SUPPLIES FOR ZIMBABWE
MB241649 Johannesburg International Service in English 1500 GMT 24 Dec 82
[Station Commentary]

[Excerpt] South Africa is often described as being the major power in the
southern. African and the surrounding oceanic region. American assistant
secretary of state for Africa Dr Chester Crocker has called it an important
regional power in this part of the world. But just what are the dimensions
of that assessment and their implications for the subcontinent?

Every so often, usually when something goes wrong somewhere, parts of the
answer come tantalyzingly into focus. This week, what has gone wrong

was Zimbabwe's ability to provide itself with fuel. Revolutionary activity
in neighboring Mozambique had destroyed a fuel depot at Beira, the importa-
tion point for most of Zimbabwe's petrol and diesel requirements. Four days
before Christmas stocks were so low that many garages in Harare had closed,
and motorists in the south were crossing the border to Messina, South
Africa's northernmost town, to fill up their tanks.

Zimbabwe approached South Africa for help. It was forthcoming. By the end
of the week a whole new supply operation had been established. The efficient
Maputo harbor became the new unloading point for the fuel--the harbor is
managed for the Mozambique authorities by South African transport services.
From there it was railed to the South African border town of Komatipoort,
along a railway which is maintained by South African technicians. Having
called for all available Zimbabwean rail tankers, South African railways
took over at Komatipoort, transferred the fuel to the tankers and railed

it north via Beitbridge. The shuttle service was functioning smoothly in
time for Christmas.

This particular rescue operation involved three southern African countries.

At its center, making it all possible, was South Africa: Its developed
infrastructure, its managerial and technical expertise and, not least,

the stability of the country which makes it always available to be counted

on when things go wrong elsewhere in southern Africa. Such are the capacities
and qualities that justify the description of South Africa as the major

power in southern Africa.

32



SOUTH AFRICA

RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN PUBLIC PLACES DEPLORED

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Dec 82 p 6

(Editorial]

[Text]

RACISM GENERALLY ‘is abomin-
able but there is something close ta
base insult about enforced racial dis-.
crimination in public places. i"

Such ugly discrimination has:
Feared its head, or-at least agitated
discussion, in Durban, where some
beaches have been declared “open”
to all races. White radicals are using
the usual arsenal of insulting and de-'
rogatory racist. stings about US,
mostly for political mileage. £

“There is however-a lot of truth in
the assertion that your ordinary
white would perhaps quietly agree
with racists who have no shame to
declare their abhorrent feelings in
public.

Qur. experience is. that even the
most liberal of white who attacks
abominations like racial discrimina-
tien, would think twice before he
-shared: his pool, ; park: or.. beaches.

“What really galls, in the light of
evidence te the contrary, is that
some people. still regard. us as be-
longing to some -inferior: species.
There is the ridiculous, if highly in-
sulting allegations about our hygiene
and other demeaning attributes.

: Every time there’is talk of shared-
facilities South African whites seem
to have ‘problems about bodily con-

Fal

‘ment about what could otherwise be:

described: as’ a healthy aversion to

‘contact with people of other-races, is-

‘the manner in which some of the,
same whites cheerfully flock to plea- ;

sure spots where such mixing is con-

sidered, if not normal, but actually

desirable.

= What-makes' us. particularly up--
set, is the-angry outbursts of right-:
wing politicians about keeping,
things white: * :

‘When the question of blacks being:
banned from Pretoria parks hit the
news, all sorts of homilies were
trotted out to support a disgusting
racist. view. The same furore oc-
curred incidentally when some
swimming pools became part of the
mixed facilities controversy. The.
average black. looks on bemused by.
all these things except that there is.
deep hurt inside of us when we begin:
to look at the problem steadily.

We can not be blamed for feeling
somewhat dirty, perhaps tawdry
even if we apply soap and hot water
to our black skins till we shine.

Because of this distasteful situa-
tion we often wonder whether blacks
should still patronise those window-.
dressing hotels and parks which are’
“open” to them. We are aware that
this cosmetic thing is paraded
abroad by propagandists te show
how. the eountry has progressed



and the same enthusiasm in participating in national reconstruction. Sectarianism,
the preoccupation with regaining old privileges, and an attempt to promote
division, are reflected in their attitude. This attitude of some of the members
of the Catholic hierarchy in Mozambique has continued since our people gained
national independence. It is not a new attitude, it is rooted in the fact that the
Catholic church was an integral part.of colonialism.

The document that we heard read is.an example of how some influential sectors

of the Catholic Church have been unable to break with the hegemonic and discrimina-
tory position adopted by the Catholic Church in the past. Those who in the past
identified themselves with colonialism and fought against national independence,
the independence of Mozambique, the existence of a fatherland which today is
called Mozambique, drenched with the blood of its best children, were among

the participants in this meeting who raised obstacles to dialogue. [applause]
From the mouths of many church leaders here, we heard about their happiness
over the freedom of worship which independence brought to them. Yet those who
raise obstacles to dialogue are the ones who say that in our country there is
no freedom of religion, that the state antagonizes the churches, and that
religious individuals are discriminated against, Their aim is to create con-
frontations, and we can face them. Confrontations--whatever their cost, we are
ready to defend our state, our independence. The aim of these individuals is

to create contradictions with the people's power, between the state and the
believers.

The vast majority of the Catholic believers, like the rest of the Mozambican
citizens, enthusiastically participate in the tasks of national reconstruction
and we praise them for that. [applause] Many Catholic believers are examples

of total dedication to the cause of the people on the production front; in the
defense of the fatherland and in the fight for education and health. This

is natural because during the colonial era, the Catholic believers were not the
ones who enjoyed privileges. With national independence, ‘the Catholic believers,
as well as all other Mozambicans, gained-~-gained what? They gained a fatherland,
which is called Mozambique. They regained their freedom, dignity, culture,

and honor. Congratulations.: Despite the’ documents that we have heard read,

we know that among the hierarchy there are examples of patriots, of Mozambican
nationals who are proud of their fatherland and who identify with their people.

Today in our liberated country there is no sort of religious discrimination.

We repeat: Our state leaders are not chosen on the basis of religion. Believers
of all denominations, without discrimination, participate as militants in our
mass democratic organizations.

It is this equality and the abolition of discrimination among religious denomina-
tions that some refuse to accept. What do they refuse? They refuse to be equal
to the believers of any other religion, to have the same rights and duties and
not to have special privileges.

Religious dignitaries, during this meeting some questions relating to consequences
of the nationalization of some church property were raised. As is known, the
nationalization was not aimed atthe churches themselves. This must be made
clear. It is good to recall that nationalization was aimed essentially at
putting education, health, justice and housing in the services of progress and



SWAZILAND

RSA PAPER REPORTS SWAZI DETAINEES HEADED FOR MAPUTO
MB231211 Johannesburg RAND DATLY MAIL in English 23 Dec 82 p 2
[Article by Patrick Laurence, political editor]

[Excerpts] African National Congress exiles in Swaziland were detained
to protect them from attack by an unidentified third party, the Swaziland
Government said in a statement published in Mbabane yesterday.

The statement referred to the danger of an attack on the exiles "from out-
side our borders"--which observers interpreted as an allusion to South
Africa, sparked by the attack by South African commadors on ANC targets
in Lesotho a fortnight ago.

The internees, however, are understood to feel that by concentrating them
at the Mawelawela refugee camp between Mbabane and Manzini, the Swazi
authorities have made :them more--not less-vulnerable to attack.

The Swaziland Government statement described the detention of the exiles
as "protective custody" and gave the official number of internees as 27.

Police were still searching for more ANC exiles, but the total number in
need of "protective custody" was unlikely to exceed 50, the statement added.

According to reports reaching South Africa from the Mawelawela camp, some
of the internees have signed "voluntary deportation" forms and have been
given UN passports permitting them to travel to Maputo in Mozambique.

Their first preference is to remain in Swaziland without any restrictions,
but rather than be confined to the Mawelawela camp, they are said to have
opted to leave for Mozambique.

These reports are confirmed by a BBC reporter Ms Jan Parry, who was given
permission to visit the camp bythe office of the deputy prime minister,
which is responsible for control of refugees in Swaziland.

Neither the deputy prime minister, Senator Ben Nsibandze, nor the permanent
secretary in his department, Mr A.R. Shabangu, could be contacted for
comment yesterday.

CSO: 3400/504

7



CAPRIVI TRIBAL BORDER DISPUTE SIMMERS

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 3 Dec 82 p 5

[Text]

“\ THE © MafweTM* group.
has® reacted” to: ‘recent’

‘Chief Rictiard: Mamili, in «

Windhoek. “this ” week," 2
prominent. spokesman for:
the: group, Mr CM “Pepi”:
Matongo,~ asserted . “the?
‘Mafwe are teady to. tow,

earlier. statements’ by
Likando,-who affirmed the

fed with. rotten and dis-
torted information’ on. the

issue", Mr Matongo said. :

Still referring to Mr
Likando, Mr . Matongo
‘adds: “He knows very well
that his. (Masubia) . tribal
authority .was at. Kabbe-
Would Mr Likando explain
to. the world how. the
Masubia’ tribal. authority
came to Bukalo? | Mr.

19

_Likando forgets that before’

“the Subia tribal authority’
‘moved to Bukalo:’ there
Swere. ‘some negotiations:
between the ‘two: Kutas”’

(tribal exec: és). 3

According to Mr?

“Matonga; the Masubia’s‘
request to the Mafwe, for.
permission to relocate ther
tribal’ “headquarters ~
Bukalo, :... disproves Mr.
LikandoTM view. that’ there:
are no distinct demarcated:
tribal areas.
“> The Mafwe spokesman’
‘also contradicts the actual’
location: of a’ planned:
demarcation’ line. between’
‘the “two “afeas, ‘the ‘state-}
“ment adds. It’was not true:
that the Mafwe were claim-
ing’. the’ _ borderline ~ ran-
between > Muyako joand,
Kaloyawe: : 7

“The -known. borderline

extends . from -Kaloyawe,;
east of. Bukalo - to Mun-'
“fale”. ‘ 4
Tt was not necessary for
the Mafwe group to go to.
court’ ‘with’ the" dispute’
because “they are not
claiming “an inch of.
‘Masubia “soil”, said’ Mr
‘Matongo. The Masubia’
were only - insisting on
bringing the matter to?
court because they wanted’
to get sympathy for their
cause, he added.

On an earlier statement
by Mr Likando that Chief
Mamili does not‘speak any
of the local languages, and

NAMIBIA



“of R192 “million” "F
the year to March 1982,:
direct assets were valu
ed at R6000 million, a’
giant leap even if infla-;
tion is taken’ into ace!
count,

2) AS MP ‘for ‘Kimberley:
‘from 1948: until he todk®
over as: chairman.’ oft
Anglo; and as a leading:

days °of::Nationalist+
rule,’ Mr. Oppenheimer?
could: -have;-had . #'suc-!
cessfuk political career. :

‘with all the ‘movenient.
that is going: on,” polit:
ics are fascinating
again’ although I.-am:
far too old to take!
part. i

“But: if I were

‘years. younger,’
LE would «find
day polities
interesting, he’ said.
‘Of the currént
Government - initlated
reform:.'movement,: :!
said that‘if the’
“mert. were prepai
thove ‘strongly. eribugh ?
to split ‘thet ‘National
oParty, should; be

still feel the Govern--
ment is not facing: up
to the point which has
been the stone in the
way of advancement
from the beginning —
that-is the urban black;
worker.

“And until it faces.
‘up to that, nothing will
be adequate,” he said.

Mr Oppenheimer
makes no secret of his
financial support of the
Progressive Federal
Party. He said he was:
quite happy with the
PFP’s stance on the
constitutional issue. “I
think it is being very
‘well ied.”"he commen-
ted. ~

“T “don't ‘think any
sensible person in’ the
PFP is going to disap-
prove of giving some
share at the. centre tos

“corourea “people and’ Ti
dians. Byt I. don't
think that really goes’
to- the heart of the
~ matter, 3

“I. think the Tole of
‘the PFP. is'largely toj
push on. with this thing’
and to ‘stick to. this
vissue” of blaeks’ in- the!
towns’ and:.to press for’
something “to: be done.
about. them also,” he’
Said. arti e

‘ The “Government “was}
umistaken~ in. thinking
‘that either the home-
dands ‘policy or its:.re-:
gional development:
‘plan could ‘solve - the”
basic dilemma. of. the
urban blacks,’ Mr. Op.
penheimer said.

'2T think the dispersal
‘of industry is a good
thing in so far as each:
individual . clase ..is
Yooked. at to make sure.
thatthe © particular:
growth ‘is: gconomically
soundly based.

“But. I think that
simply. to say there is a:
great virtue in dispers-
ing. Sindustry..:-without;
too much “regard for
the economics involved:
—is a very dangerous.
policy,” he said. .:

Asked whether the
new. regional policy,
which recognises a sin-
gle economy for South
Africa;"‘was preferable
to the old idea of frag-
mented economies, he
‘assented; with qualifi-
cation: “Yes, I think it
fg an improvement in
the sense that ‘neo-
‘colonialism is an im-
provement on colonial-
asm cand’ new:
ferwoerdianism {s an
‘improvement on Ver-
woerdianism.”

Mr Oppenheimer said
the growth of Afri-
kaans business — “and
as far as we are concer-
ned, in the mining in-*
dustry” — had substan-
tially diminished tne
hostility which.- the
Nationalist Government
had: long felt towards
big business.

Mr Oppenheimer
Plays down his role in
the entry of Afrikaans
business into big-time?

37

ining, in“helping?
Federale Mynbou take;
over General Mining. »
~ “Some people talk as”
if I did the whole
thing. I had ‘some part
in it, but one, must’ not:

eXaggerate. There is no”

doubt if it hadn't hap-
pened in that way, at a
later stage it would
-have happened another
way,” he-said.

While’ Sir Ernest;
also a Kimberley MP,
was a personal friend
of General Smuts, Mr
Oppenheimer met the
current:Prime Minister,
Mr PW Botha, for the
first_tinté at the: Carl
ton Conference. . -

“I thidk'‘that' on the!
wholes although -I don’t:.
approve. of everything.

{Mg.-Botha ‘does, he has:
‘improvedTM rélations be-
itween the’ Government

and. the. business
people,” Mr Oppen-
heimer said.

Ultra-verkramptes ‘n
South Africa still use
the old “Hoggen-.
heimer” bogy to beat
Anglo American, accus-
ing it. of pumping
money out of the coun-
try into its huge multi-
national interests.

“I have always seen
Anglo American as 2
South African group
which had the re-
sources and the know-
how to do good busi-
ness outside South
Africa.” “Mr Oppen-
heimer said.

“Bighty percent of
our business is in
South Africa. The flow
of money in and out of
South Africa in regard
to this group over the
years has been enor-
mously in the favour of
South Africa. We have
been major importers
of capital into South
Africa.”

Mr Oppenheimer is
obviously delighted
that his son. Mr Nichol-
as Onnenheimer (37).
now joint deputy chair-
man of Anglo, is suc-
cessful in the gronp.

In retirement, he
still intends to call at
the office (which is the



Japanese Oil Rig
Reaction to Mugabe Statement
Soweto Workers Sacked

SWAZILAND

Queen Regent Reaffirms Support for Late King's Policies
(THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 28 Dec 82) .scessccsccesccvscvecs

RSA Paper Reports Swazi Detainees Headed for Maputo
(Patrick Laurence; RAND DAILY MAIL, 23 Dec 82) ...ssseeeee

Briefs
New Vice Air Marshal

4h

45

46

47

48



SOUTH AFRICA

RSA PAPER CRITICIZES GOVERNMENT'S LESOTHO POLICY
MB241709 Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Dec 82 p 16
[Editorial: "Undoing Some of Maseru's Damage"]

[Text] Mr Pik Botha has strongly rejected the UN call that South Africa
pay compensation to Lesotho over the Maseru raid. This isapity. An
attitude of defiance is consistent with Pretoria's general stance of
justifying the raid, but it is not conducive to improved international
relations--either in Southern Africa or beyond. An offer to compensate
Lesotho for the loss of life among its nationals and damage to its property
might, even at this late stage, help dispel some of the clamour-~and local
pbitterness-~building up over the affair.

Nobody need lose face over making some degree of reparation. In the first
announcement of the raid the chief of the army, General Constand Viljoen,
had already expressed regret over the death of innocent persons. This
was the correct attitude for creating a climate in which some of the long-
term political damage could be set to rights.

Instead, there is continuing acrimony. Relations with Lesotho are close
to rock bottom. Pretoria hints at restricting the flow of Lesotho labour
whose wages make up 40 percent of Lesotho's gross national productivity.
SAA flights to Maseru have been halted at Bloemfontein, with passengers
being taken onwards by coach--presumably for fear of rockets from Lesotho.
Returning from New York last week, King Moshoeshoe IT had to stand in a
passport queue at Jan Smuts airport for half an hour. Evidently he was
not accorded the due protocol because airport officials did not know he
was coming. Yet now every minor incident adds to the mounting bitterness.

Opinions differ about the need for so drastic an option as the Maseru raid,
and indeed about its actual military effectiveness. Suggestions from the
Lesotho capital are that the two ANC “big fish" got away, and that the

raid was not carried out with the scrupulous avoidance of civilian casualties
that is claimed from Pretoria. Some experts say that Lesotho could have
been induced to clamp down on its ANC exiles, in the same way that Swaziland
has done, through a variety of economic sanctions instead.

30



MOZAMBIQUE

"VOFA' COMMENTARY SCORES FRELIMO'S PROPAGANDA

MB281222 (Clandestine) Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique 1700 GMT
18 Dec 82

[Station commentary]

[Text] The fact that the’ Mozambique National Resistance [RNM] is today widely
regarded by the people as their vanguard in the struggle for freedom and social
justice confirms’ that our policy serves the interests of the masses. Presently,
the Maputo regime is making use of its entire arsenal in an invisible campaign
designed to suppress our people's aspirations for freedom. Moscow's lackeys,
however, will never see the materialization of their designs.

The people know that Machel's forces included specially trained units which sow
terror among the people. These units burn entire villages and kill defenseless
civilians. They poison waterholes and lay mines near villages. These actions
are part of FRELIMO's policy of discrediting the RNM. Our. forces, however,

are capable of waging a campaign that will adequately enlighten the local
populations about these undesirable acts of barbarity., It is in our own interest
that the people know that the RNM does not embark on such barbaric actions against
the people, because the people are’ the reason for and the basis of-our struggle.
In fact it is in the interest of FRELIMO to massacre civilians because the people
support our fighters.

As part of this campaign to discredit the RNM, FRELIMO captures a few people
and then intimidates them into giving interviews in which Moscow puppets are
presented as the saviors of the people. They produce photographs of people
who have never belonged to the RNM and who allegedly feel disgusted with what
they have witnessed while serving with the so-called bandits. The world knows
that the communists utilize all possible means to perpetuate their oppression
of the people.

Communists can no longer deceive the people with their propaganda rumblings.

The people who once believed that FRELIMO had said about the RNM are now

aware of the acts of barbarity perpetrated by the oppressive army of the so-called
marshal, Samora Machel. Presently our guerrillas are mobilizing the masses and
together they fight FRELIMO and defend the revolution. As a result the Moscow
lackeys are now totally isolated and they resort to reprisals against the civilian

16



SOLE QUOTA CAUSES DISSENT

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 3 Dec 82 pl

{Article by David Pieters]

[Text]

cso:

A’ TUSSLE

IS’ EMERGING

‘amongst Namibia’s white fish trawler
operators, around a first-ever quota for
west coast soles. ...

{OS The "White Fish’ Boat"
owners met in Walvis Bay:
ion Wednesday and by a
majority of seven votes. ta.
‘two. with two abstentions,
voted: through a system of.
quota © allocations © which
has left some. members of.
the committee dissatisfied.
At the heart of the row .
now. arising | is the Super .
advantage frawn

sapacities):
‘small (below "400 “h/p) and?

large (around 1000 bp)
trawlers. -

Sole: quota. allocations
proposed by the committer,

do-not-appear to’be direct-"

ly geared to the trawler's:
capacities:

The linking of quotas to
trawler capacities is a prin-
ciple actively pursued by
the -fishing. authorities in

3400/437

“their’ riegotiations’ with the’

International Conference
of South Atlantic Fisheries.
‘((CSEAF).

- Secretary for. Economic.
Affairs Piet Kruger is cur-
rently abroad to attend a
regular ICSEAF meeting
and one of his demands is
that hake quota allocations’

catching off the Namil
“coast should be geared to
the. capacities of the ves-
sels.

The reason for this of-
ficial attitude is that runn-
ing costs of a vessel and its
catching capacity are
directly linke

In the case of the White
Fish Boat Owners Com-
mittee decision, there. are
significant discrepancies
between allocations.

For example, - some
trawlers - with 300 h/p

22

engines have been al-
located quotas of 150 tons
of soles, while other vessels
with over 1000 h/p engine
have been allocated: only
=around..175 tons, with
some vessels also with 300
b/p engines only having 75.
tons proposed as. their
quota.

A statement by the
authorities” is expected
soon, dealing partly with
the sole situation.

Meanwhile, it is expected
that some lobbying amongst
the disgruntled —_ boat-
owners on the 11-strong
committee could take
shape shortly.

Such efforts will be
directed at countering the
recommendations adopted
on Wednesday and getting
the authorities to back ¢
quota system rationalisec
according to.the catchin;
capacities of the boats.



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

AGRICULTURAL TOOL FACTORY--A factory for manufacturing agricultural implements
will be built in the provincial capital of Sofala next year, with the assistance
of the Soviet Union. This has been disclosed by (Viktor Privda), the consul
general of the Soviet Embassy in Beira, during a press conference marking the
60th anniversary of the founding of the Soviet Union. The Soviet diplomat

added that the plans for the factory have been completed. In addition to other
agricultural tools, the factory will manufacture some 7,000 weeding machines

and 4,000 planting machines annually. The algamated construction company of
Sofala will be responsible for the construction work while Metecna will assemble
the equipment. [Text] [MB291355 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1030 GMT
29 Dec 82 MB]

TRAIN DERAILMENT REPORTED--Six people died and 92 were injured, some in critical
condition, as a result of a train accident that took place in the Manhica area,
Maputo, at dawn yesterday. The accident caused the derailment of the train,
while a passenger car. was‘completely destroyed and eight boxcars were overturned.
Some 200 meters of track were destroyed. According to the newspaper, NOTICIAS,
which quoted members of the commission which has been formed to determine the
causes of the accident, the derailment could have been caused by excessive speed.
It is suspected that the accident was also due to the condition of the railway
line and according to a member of the commission of enquiry, a loose spike might
have caused a gap on the line. The entire crew is safe and has not suffered

any injuries. [Text] [MB291309 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1030 GMT
29 Dec 82]

CSO: 3442/83

18



What cannot be disputed is the diplomatic damage that has been caused. Mr
Botha claims that relations with our African neighbours--Lesotho excepted--
are better than they were this time last year. We wonder how far that
assessment takes in the repercussions of the very recent Maseru episode.
As far as one can see, the invasion has given Black Africa a new rallying-
cry and brought cries of outrage even from South Africa's sympathisers in
the West. It may have nudged the ANC a step further from its declared
policy of trying to minimise civilian casualties--as demonstrated by the
brutal gunning down in Soweto of an ex-ANC defector and his wife last week.
Within South Africa it has added to the polarisation of moderate black
opinion from white.

The deed has been done: A puny neighbour state has been invaded and 42
people were killed in the process. Perhaps the lesson of the big stick

has sunk home; perhaps not. Another lesson is that South Africa cannot
live indefinitely in a state of armed hostility with its African neighbours.
It is time to give renewed and urgent thought to the options of diplomatic
give and take.

cso: 3400/502

31



the churches have to identify themselves with the regime in its policy of
repression of the people's rights and in the fight against the patriots who
have taken up arms to win the freedom denied to them. Nor does any religious
organization need to shed light on the true nature of those who heroically
bear arms since the raison d'etre of the second struggle of national liberation
requires no clarification. Instead, it is understood as a duty toward the
fatherland.

Machel wants to create’an alliance with the churches by trying to convince
them that they have been used and humiliated by colonialism.

The religious freedom of a people cannot ‘depend on compromises with the political
leadership, especially when that leadership is totalitarian and calls itself

secular. If FRELIMO rejects an alliance between the cross and sword, then it
cannot. demand an alliance between the church and the hammer and the sickle.

CSO: 3442/84

13



army and imperialism to destroy FRELIMO. I did not have time to discuss this
issue. It is an essential issue for you--one of the problems that FRELIMO
has always borne until victory.

Some think that the armed bandits constitute an opposition to the people's state
in the People's Republic of Mozambique and that it is necessary to reach an
agreement with them in order to have peace, This is the philosophy of those

who call for concord and peace among Mozambicans, Let us see: . Those individuals
who kidnap pregnant women--women in their fifth, sixth and seventh month of
pregnancy. They force them to walk for long distances. They rape them and

use them as property. This is the opposition: those individuals who kidnap

9 or 10-year-old minors and rape them; those individuals who kidnap 70-year-old
women, force them to walk long distances and rape them. Is this the opposition?
Is this the alternative? Are we going to have concord with this?

Let us look further: Those individuals who kidnap teachers who spread knowledge
and science; those individuals who kidnap pupils and destroy school; who
kidnap nurses, medical doctors and even hospital patients. They destroy
hospitals, steal medical supplies, destroy medical equipment. Look at those
individuals who kidnap women and children and mutilate their arms, breasts,
lips and ears. Is it with these individuals that our state has conflict or
ideological differences? Is it with them, those individuals who set fire to
communal villages where the people peacefully build their wellbeing; who ruin
granaries and destroy crops; who set fire to buses full of people and burn the
passengers alive; who destroy and rob the trucks which carry supplies for the
populations; those who destroy shops‘ and plunder the goods for the population;
those who sabotage the goods intended to eradicate famine and misery in the
country. Is it with such people that these elements propose a dialogue?

Look at those individuals who undermine the church's effort in its evangelical
mission and who kidnap priests and sisters of charity. They transform these
sisters of charity into their women and property. Is it with them that we should
negotiate and regard them as our allies? It means that such elements want the
government of the People's Republic of Mozambique to negotiate with murderers
and thieves, with kidnapers and sadists, with outlaws, drug-addicts and anti-
socials, They want us to negotiate with the fatherland's traitors, with those
whom the Mozambican people have always rewarded as their implacable enemies.

It is disrespectful to the memory of those who have spilled their blood for the
freedom of the Mozambican people. [words indistinct] they are the active
eulogizers of the colonial army and they infused strength and morale on the
soldiers in their fight against the Mozambican people.

They are the same ones who volunteered to be chaplains with the Portuguese colonial
army so that they could directly participate in the massacres and the repression
of the Mozambican people. They are the same ones who used to label all Mozambican
patriots who struggled for freedom and independence as terrorists. They are the
same ones who considered negotiation with FRELIMO a sacrilege. To negotiate with
FRELIMO was to recognize, promote and compromise with terrorists. They are the
ones who have always silenced reports of massacres by the colonial army, or even
denied that they took place. This is why they do not find the activities of

the armed bands strange. They were already used to such activities. For us,
therefore, such a stance does not come as a surprise. Their objective in the



SIERRA LEONE

TRANIAN DELEGATION MEETS, BRIEFS STEVENS
AB232204 Freetown Domestic Service in English 2000 GMT 23 Dec 82

[Text] A three-man Iranian delegation, which is here to establish and
strengthen bilateral relations between their country and Sierra Leone,

this morning called on President Siaka Stevens at State House. The leader
of the delegation, Mr (Anwit Lavasani), who is here as special envoy of
Iran's foreign minister, informed President Stevens that effective arrange-
ments for the establishment of an Iranian mission in Sierra Leone was the
main [words indistinct] and establishing and strengthening bilateral rela-
tions between Sierra Leone and the Islamic Republic of Iran. Mr (Lavasani)
briefly reviewed the foreign and domestic policies of his country and assured
President Stevens of Iran's readiness and preparedness to assist in the
developmental efforts of developing countries including Sierra Leone.

Replying, Dr Stevens welcomed the delegation to Sierra Leone and thanked
the special envoy for the briefing. He expressed the hope that the newly-
established ties between the two countries could be strengthened.

Mr (Lavasani), who is also director general for the Asian and African
political divisions in Iran's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, was accompanied
by his deputy director, Mr. (H.R. Esfandiari), and his ministry's advisor
on the african political [word indistinct], Mr (N. Calabassi). At the
envoys' meeting with the president were the minister of foreign affairs,

Dr Abdulai Conteh; the minister of trade and industry, Mr A.B. Kamara and
the minister of information and broadcasting, Dr (Moyo Kodze); the minister
of works, Dr Sheku Sesay; the acting secretary to the president, Mr J.K.
Koroma and top government officials.

csoO: 3400/503

28



PROBE SECURITY LAWS, SAY LAWYERS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Dec 82 p 10

[Text]

Although the Terror- |
isin Act and the Defence”

25

Mee

-tional tz

PP

there were other laws ap-
plicable in the territory’:
not valid in South Africa.

‘These included AG 9 of :
1977,. the: Security Dis--
tricts “Proclamation” as'*
amended and AG 26 of
1978, which provided for ©
detention for the preven--:
tion of political violence $
and intimidation. a
: The council said section
103 of the Defence Act
provided wide immunity’.
‘to any member of the Se- ;

.curity Forces for any: act.

done in good faith for the
prevention or suppression _
of terrorism in any opera- ©

- The same ‘Brinciple off
immunity was built into!
proclamation AG 9. )

“Although these laws
are said to be aimed at en

““jt ig also important to.’
keep in mind the Namibi--
‘an society. Its norms, loy-

salties and beliefs differ

from those in South Afri-
ca. What may be accept-°

vable’ and/or justified

and/or expedient in the.
Republic. of South Africa:

NAMIBIA



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

UNITA OPERATIONS COMMUNIQUE--In a communique released in Lisbon today on its
latest actions in Angola, the UNITE [National Union for the Total Independence
of Angola] claimed that it has killed 271 militants at the service of the
Angolan Government.: The communique states that. several anti-government actions
were launched between 6 and 17 December and that 67 Cubans were among the
casualties inflicted by UNITA. Among the anti-government actions claimed by
UNITA, specific mention was ‘made of four attacks on military convoys, namely
on the Balombo-Lobito, Munenga-Dongo ‘and Mocamedes-Malange roads as well as on
the outskirts of Cambala, in the province of Benguela. UNITA further claimed
to having taken the post of (Mubaco) in the province of Cuando-Cubango and
capturing nine government soldiers, in addition to having destroyed and seized
assorted military equipment. [Text] [LD232008 Lisbon Domestic Service

in Portuguese 1800 GMT 23 Dec 82]

DEFENSE OFFICIAL IN BENGUELA--The present situation in the southern part of the
People's Republic of Angola is still characterized by the massive presence of
forces of the South African Army in vast areas of Cunene Province and by constant
violations of our national airspace in those areas, including Namibe Province.
This is the assessment made by Col Pedro Maria Tonha Pedale, our government's
minister of defense who is presently in Benguela Province. According to sources
close to the Ministry of Defense, Colonel Pedale is in Benguela to solve some
organizational problems regarding the opening of a military region in that
province. Although the military situation in the southern part of our country
has not changed lately, the armed forces of the People's Republic of Angola
remain vigilant and in a state of alert, ready to defend our territorial
integrity and the revolution's conquests at any time, Colonel Pedale added.
[Text] [MB300634 Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 30 Dec 82]

UNITA CHRISTMAS OPERATIONS--Launda, 28 Dec (AFP)--It was learned on Tuesday

from well-informed sources in Luanda that UNITA, the opposition movement led

by Jonas Savimbi, launched a series of operations during the Christmas period.
During the nights of 23 to 24 December and 24 to 25 December, UNITA attacked
several economic centers in the town of Huambo, in the center of the country,

the same source indicated. Gasoline depots of the National Angolan Fuel

Company were destroyed in Huambo. The department of the Ministry of Agriculture »
in charge of marketing agricultural products was attacked and a soft drink



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

WESTERN 'GOODWILL' FOR SADCC COUNTRIES NOTED
AB281259 Lagos NAN in English 1233 GMT 28 Dec 82
[Article by Adewale Fatona]

[Text] Harare, Dec 28 (NAN)--Western nations are showing "goodwill,
understanding and support" toward attempts by the Southern African Develop-
ment Coordination Conference (SADCC) countries to improve their regional
economy, says the organization's executive secretary, Arthur Blumeris.

Mr Blumeris said in Harare yesterday that this was his impression after a
three-week working visit to some organizations in Vienna and Washington.

The visit was to lay the groundwork for the SADCC summit in Maseru, Lesotho,
next month which will focus on industry and agriculture,

Mr Blumeris said that during his tour, he met officials of the United
Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDQ), one of the chief
donors expected at the Maseru summit, as well as members of the African
Bureau of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).

According to the Harare correspondent of the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) ,
the secretary said that apart from projects of industry and agriculture,

the Maseru meeting would also consider progress reports on energy and trans—
port situations.

cso: 3400/505



MOZAMBIQUE

RNM COMMUNIQUE ON LATEST ACTIONS AGAINST FPLM

MB271241 (Clandestine) Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique 1700 GMT
25 Dec 82

[Resistance communique issued by the headquarters of the Mozambique National
Resistance--date not given]

[Text]. 1. On 6 December 1982 an enemy military vehicle set off a mine in the
Mapulanguene area and was completely destroyed.

2. On 12 December 1982 four military vehicles were ambushed in the same area.
Three of the vehicles were destroyed while the enemy suffered six casualties.

3. On 13 December. 1982 two other vehicles were destroyed when enemy reinforce-
ments arrived in the area to remove the vehicles that had been destroyed. Two

enemy soldiers were captured.

4. On 17 December 1982 an enemy military vehicle set off a mine between Magude
and Mapulanguene.

5. On 19 December 1982 the population of Moamba, in a display of total support
for the Mozambique National Resistance [RNM], sabotaged the road between
Maomba and Maputo. Logs were laid across hundreds of meters thus rendering
the road impassable.

6. On 19. December 1982 RNM forces again sabotaged the water pipeline to Beira
between the pumping stations and the town of Dondo.

7. On 20 December 1982 RNM forces sabotaged the railway line 25 km northeast
of Mugude.

The struggle continues. Freedom or death, victory is ours.

CSO: 3442/83

1h



MOZAMBIQUE

MACHEL ADDRESSES CHURCH REPRESENTATIVES DURING MEETING
No Talks With Bandits
MB271635 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1100 GMT 24 Dec 82

{Speech by Samora Machel during meeting with representatives of churches present
in Mozambique between 14 and 17 December in Maputo--recorded]

[Excerpts] Within this gathering there are some ideas which are being propagated.
They are not new:

[Machel mimics Catholic leadership] Now the state has called on the religious
ones because it is disturbed by the armed bands. Is that so? [Machel laughs]
What we want is humanism because we were like this during the colonial war.
Did you hear, friends? We were like this during the colonial war.

To kill--people stop respecting each other--they do not respect life. They
become obsessed. To kill a chicken one first makes arrangements with the family.
Which bird are we going to kill for our guests? However, the life of a person
is something else. A person is a person, is he not? He can be your brother,
brother-in-kaw, cousin or child.

I will talk about it. They say that the Congress has been postponed because we
want to talk to the bandits. [Machel laughs] They say that we called this
meeting because the state is troubled. Is the state troubled? Are the
Mozambican people troubled with an armed murderous bandit?

There are insinuations from among those at this gathering. We have heard that
there should be, for instance, concord and peace among all Mozambicans. This
is the way to determine the problem, What Mozambicans? We are all here.
Mozambicans of dilfferent tendencies. We are inside here. What Mozambicans?
What Mozambicans? This is the way to approach the problem. I will go straight
into the matter and not skate around it so that we are all clear. This is
what is called openness: speaking frankly.

This clearly means that these elements are proposing concord with the armed
bandits. We must have a clear idea of who the armed bandits are. I did not
have time to explain to you about the armed bandits. We did not just start
fighting the armed bandits today. Since 1962, when we founded FRELIMO, our
struggle has always been against the armed bandits! Armed by the colonial



cso:

3400/437

origin, “= Mr: : Matongo*
-teplies: “It is a sign that he
‘{Likando). doesn’t --even’
know .where his: parents:
were’ from.” =

UNTRUE“
= Tt was: also-untrue that
‘the -Masubia’ are “a: larger’
group than the Mafwe, as:
claimed ‘by Mr Likando.* =

‘set-of five or mote elements

J ‘the “ame” “Tenge”
which | ‘Mr. Likando ‘uses to.

= Referring to.the Canu”
saficials, “accusations that’
:Chief-;! Mamili

; Mr: Matongo said of. the:
Camu. oficial: “Tt, : has

20

‘Become cleat to all Nari-3
bians that. Mr Likando*
“deserted from, Swapo with *
ithe purpose of. causing
‘tion’ “between races’ ins;
Namibia and not carrying .
out’ Canu activities.as he .
claims to. be... :
© It’s clear’ ‘that. Mr,
-Likandé"is here -as a
Spokesman of the Masubia -
‘tribal. authority and of the~-
so-called Canu whic. ex-
ists only on a piece of paper
and on the-tongues of those «
‘who: condemn ‘humanity.
“Mr Likando: failed to
-achieve his: ambitions in
Swapo and signs show that
he has failed: with his~
Canu. «He © is:. now
propogating “for _.the*

Masubia tribal authority as
an Induna> ~*~ (Katu-
- member)”..

“Mr Matongo ‘alo lashed
“out “at the Canu officials
for his derogatory remarks“
about the Ovambo people
in’a previous statement, ac-
cusing him of “introducing
‘awar of enmity among the’
Masubia, .Mafwe and. the :

‘tribalistic giant’ and-. a:

“political” “dwarf”, Mr
Matongo said, concluding:
“He has kindled the fire in
-Caprivi. The sooner- he.

“stops ‘the better”. :



059355

JPRS 82612

10 January 1983

FABER |
WBporoved ior puniic :sieaee

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2745

‘DUIS QUALITY INSPECTED +

- 19980326 094.

FBIS

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

REPRIEVE FOR SHACK DWELLERS--MORE than 600 backyard tin shacks in Daveyton,
near Benoni, will not be demolished until the Site and Service Scheme plan
for Holfontein farm is under way. This was announced by Mr Tom Boya, chair-
man of the Daveyton Community Council, at a public meeting of more than 3 000
people held at the Sinaba Stadium over the weekend. Over the past three
years, more than 200 shack owners in Daveyton were arrested by East Rand Ad-
ministration Board policemen. The arrested shack owners were prosecuted and
ordered to demolish their shacks. Mr Boya assured the meeting that the
prosecution of the shack owners had been stayed by the council and the board
until residents were given sites in Holfontein to build their own houses. He
said plans for the Site and Service Scheme were already at an advanced stage.
"I cannot say when the shack owners will move to Holfontein because we still
have to raise funds, but we hope to overcome this problem within the next few
months," said Mr Boya. Mr Boya said 2 000 sites would be available at first
and residents would have to pay a deposit of R1 500 per site. Residents in-
terviewed by The SOWETAN welcomed Mr Boya's statement that shack owners would
not be prosecuted. They also called on the board and the country council to
speed up the allocation of sites in Holfontein because residents were in need
of accommodation. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Dec 82 p 5]

ADCH GOES PUBLIC--THE African Development and Construction Holdings is offer-
ing 400 000 shares at Rl each, to the black public in order to raise money
for the development of housing schemes and business properties in black town-
ships. A spokesman for ADCH said his company had already signed agreements
with two administration boards to develop housing schemes in various parts of
the Reef and the Vaal complex. He said ADCH had been allocated 300 stands in
Tembisa, 29 in Bethele Township, Sebokeng, 10 in Daveyton and many others in
Kwa-Thema, Vosloorus, Boksburg and Memelodi. "Arrangements to sign agree-
ments to develop these stands is in progress and the company is still nego-
tiating for more stands in the different townships. "At the moment, we re-
quire R400 000 and we hope to obtain a wider spread of shareholders through
this public offer of shares," he said. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in
English 8 Dec 82 p 5]

SIGMA WORKERS FIRED--ABOUT 20 workers, among them a National Allied Workers’
Union (Naawu) shopsteward, have been dismissed by the Sigma Motor Corpora-
tion in Pretoria. The workers told The SOWETAN this week that their services
were terminated after they asked management for reasons why a shopsteward,

43



We have been meeting’ for.4 days during which we analyzed the problems related
to the religious denominations present in our country.

In most of the speeches delivered here,. it was clear that these noble objec-
tives that unite us are more important than what divides us. What divides

us is part of the diversity which characterizes the Mozambican people from
Rovuma to Maputo. Diversity as such does not mean division, It is only a
question of division when we lose sight of what is most important and funda-
mental. In this case, what is most important is national unity, the conscience
and pride of being Mozambicans, our love for the fatherland, and our common
desire to serve the people to whom we all belong. It is with this outlook that
we have come to this meeting. We have noticed that this outlook has been shared
by the majority of the religious dignitaries present heré. This is what per-
mitted this frank and open dialogue and it was this that made it possible to
reach some fundamental conclusions.

Today, our common'enemy is famine, nakedness, misery, illiteracy, and under-
development. Our common’enemy. is imperialism, whose spearhead in-our region

is the hideous, racist, minority and criminal regime of South Africa, which acts
through armed aggression, blackmail and through armed bands which maim and kill
our people and undermine our efforts at development,

In the vast majority, our fellow countrymen present here have showed during this
meeting that they identify with our people's concerns, They. have showed that
they are ready to make a greater contribution to the enormous task of national
reconstruction, in building a more just society and in defending the Mozambican
fatherland. Nevertheless, it has been recognized that there are problems. These
problems must be solved, but their solution can only be found in the correct
relationship between the state and the various religious organizations. This
meeting was an important step in that direction.

When summing up our conclusions, we must mention the tendencies which point out
the path we are going to follow: Among the Muslems, we have noticed with
satisfaction their identification with the nation, the Mozambican fatherland.
This identification is based on a Koranic quotation which says that to love the
fatherland is part of the faith, of the belief. The Muslems were ignored

during the colonial era or at most, tolerated. They were controlled in various
ways. In this meeting, they have also expressed their will to organize them-
selves to better pursue their religious objectives. We agree that better
organization of the Muslems will not only contribute to pursuit of their religious
objectives, but it will also improve their participation in the tasks of national
reconstruction and in strengthening and consolidating national unity. We greet
the Mozambican Muslems and thank them for their valuable contribution and their
dedication, based on what we have’in common, the fact that we are Mozambicans.

The Protestants, under the Mozambique Christian Council, have emphasized here
their long tradition of identification with people. The Protestants have always
been taught to serve God by serving the people--hence their anticolonialist,
nationalist, patriotic tradition. It is proper to greet them as patriots whose



end is to appear as messengers of peace, to confuse the people .and to gain
(?privileges) from the bandits. They will be the spiritual heirs of colonialism,
as just the armed bandits are the historic extension of the Portuguese colonial
army.

In this campaign that they have been waging they go to the extent of stating

that the Fourth Congress has been postponed to allow time for the state to
negotiate with the armed bandits. We will devour the armed bandits. Be absolutely
sure of that. They go even further, saying that the first meeting with the
various religious denominations in the People's Republic of Mozambique has been
held because the state is troubled by the armed bandits and that it needs to
broaden its base of support. This is not necessary because’ we have always been
supported by the people.

These are ridiculous statements and they show the antipatriotic concepts of some
elements who in the past were linked to the colonial regime. Do you know who
the armed bandits are? Do you know who pays them? It'is your former bosses.
They lost private schools,. clinics, hospitals, maternity hospitals. They went
to South Africa.

Those who pay the bandits are the former landlords.. Those who pay the bandits
have lost this position. The people of Mozambique are going to defend the
buildings. Those who pay the bandits are the lawyers who used to have legal
clinics, the cattle farmers, the owners of long-distance transport companies.
They are the owners of the planes which used to carry troops here in Mozambique.
These are the true bosses of the armed bands. They are in South Africa--700,000
Portuguese who left Angola and Mozambique. They have lost their privileges.
[words indistinct] cattle farmers, owners of sugar and tea factories. They. have
lost these privileges and. have transformed themselves into armed bands. Do you
want us to negotiate with them, these ultracolonialists? They are the ones

who have sown grief in our country, particularly when FRELIMO was about to take
power. They occupied the radio stations in Lourenco Marques; 400 people were
killed in the suburbs. These are the true armed bandits. Are‘these the ones
who want us to negotiate with? If these are not the ones then produce them,
They are the Cardigas, Pais Mamede. Are these the ones you want us to negotiate
with?

Mozambicans: Let us be patriots. I thank you. I wanted to explain to these
people before dealing with the main issues, before we deal with the practical
problems. It is not a question of denigrating you, but on the contrary of
liberating you.

Ethical Role of Church
MB250830 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1100 GMT 18 Dec 82

[Speech by Samora Machel at the closing session of a meeting with representatives
of churches present in Mozambique on 17 December in Maputo--recorded]

[Excerpts] Representatives of the religious denominations present in the People's
Republic of Mozambique, guests:



SOUTH AFRICA

NUM VOWS TO FIGHT EXPLOITATION OF BLACK MINERS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Dec 82 p 5

[Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text]

THE “Gver* 10 000 strong ‘Cusa-affiliate, National Union of Mine-'

workers (Num), has made several far-reaching resolutions, includ-
Ing one to fight “harassment and exploitation” of black miners by’
“mining bosses”, until workers are treated with respect...

“AP its "inia al con=:
gress held in Klerksdorp:
at the weekend, Num*

tion in thé mining indus-
“try and “called: for the*
‘Government to commit,
itself tochange. - =~. -3
2The union; the first in:
“the mining industry
from the ranks ‘of Cusa,3
“Claims to have signed up”
more than 10.000 mem-}
bers since it ‘began re-:
cruiting black miners:
four months ago. ~ a
. Union sources regard.

‘Num’s gairis “as~“‘mod-"

more than 450 00
blacks in the mining in-
‘dustry,
However, the union.
busy formulating its col-
lective bargaining strate-
gies-and is keeping a
close watch on deve-*
lopments with other:
mine unions, sources
says > we

The congress, at-
tended by over 1500
black mine workers
from 13 regions, noted
that the Chamber of.

Mines and the Confederation of Associations and Mining Unions were discussing
the formation of an industrial council, and resolved that it would strongly
oppose the formation of such a council. :

It called upon the "mining bosses" to desist from forming an industrial coun-
cil because the union would not participate in such a council.

It also noted with "alarming concern" that mine managements were interfering
in the organising of the union, which was aware that workers were victimised

and intimidated.

39



NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

DAMARA RESULTS--WINDHOEK--The Damara Council of Mr Justus Garoeb won 24 of
the 40 seats in the Damara second tier ethnic election yesterday. The Damara
DTA won 16 seats--the same number of seats as in the 1980 election. The Da-
mara Council took the one seat previously held by the Namibia Peoples Liber-
ation Front, which did not contest this election. A total of 25 397 votes
were cast with a 54,8 percent poll. Of these votes, 14 878 were cast for the
Damara Council and 10 295 for the Damara DTA. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITI-
ZEN in English 7 Dec 82 p 2]

FOOD PRICES SOARING--The cost of food in Windhoek is still soaring. This
emerges from the latest figures from the Department of Statistics. The cost
of food during October rose by 2,5 percent or 30,0 percent on an annualised
basis. The latter figure compares with 18,8 percent for the full year to
October 1982, almost double. Meanwhile the cost of all consumer items seems
to be levelling off. The rise for all items in October was 1,1 percent or
13,2 percent on an annualised basis. The corresponding figure for the full
year to October was 15,8 percent. [Text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER
in English 3 Dec 82 p 3]

BUSHMEN FOR ETHNIC AUTHORITY--WINDHOEK--Bushmen leaders in South West Africa
have officially applied for the introduction of an ethnic representative au-
thority, the chief director of the Office of the Administrator-General, Mr
John Viall, said yesterday. The Bushmen are entitled to do so under the in-
terim constitution of the territory, AG8. A present the Bushmen are the only
ones of the official population groups without a representative authority to
represent them on the second tier of government. Mr Viall said the Adminis-
trator-General would meet Bushmen leaders next month to discuss their demand.
Earlier the leader had announced there was a need for an authoritative body
to look after such things as the cultural and historical interests of the
Bushmen. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Dec 82 p 8]

CsO: 3400/437

27



Mr Simon Madisha, was fired last week. Personnel Director Mr J J Lemmer, on
Monday confirmed the dismissal of the workers. He said the workers would not
return to their posts after several warnings from management that they would
be fired if they failed to obey the rules. Mr Madisha said trouble was
sparked off by the negotiations with the company concerning an employee who
had stayed away from work. His employer told him his services were termin-
ated. "I was shocked by this sudden move and when I demanded reasons for my
dismissal, an official said I concentrated on solving the union's problems
during company hours," he said. Tension mounted as news of his dismissal
spread. His colleagues went on strike, demanding that the authorities fur-
nish reasons for his dismissal. Management retaliated with threats of more
dismissals. The sympathising workers were later told to go home for ignoring
instructions. But Mr Lemmer and Mr Madisha had had previous warnings about
his unsatisfactory performance and had refused to attend to his job when in-
structed. "His colleagues wanted to know what had happened. They refused to
return to their work and were suspended for the day. The company then recon-
sidered its stand and terminated their services," Mr Lemmer said. He said
the company was replacing the dismissed workers with some of the people re-
trenched earlier this year. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 Dec 82

p 4]

JAPANESE OIL RIG--The search for oil in and around South Africa is to be
extended to the seabed off the Natal coast with the arrival of a huge oil
vig from Japan. The rig, the (Actina), was built to SOEKOR [Southern

Oil Exploration Company] specifications and left Japan yesterday for Durban,
where it is expected to arrive in about a month and a half. The rig will
be used in drilling operations 24 kilometers north of Durban and 28 kilo-
meters off the coast. It is being towed to South Africa by the Cape
Town-based salvage tug Wolraad Woltemade. The rig is being leased on a
long-term basis. A second rig, the Nymphia--also built to SOEKOR specifica-
tions--will operate in Australian territorial waters for a year before
being moved to South African waters. [Text] [MB281032 Johannesburg
Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 28 Dec 82]

REACTION TO MUGABE STATEMENT--The South African. minister of mineral and
energy affairs, Mr Piet Du Plessis, says he stands by his point that South
Africa and Zimbabwe should hold negotiations on the fuel crisis in Zimbabwe
only at ministerial level. Mr Du Plessis was reacting to a statement by
the Zimbabwean prime minister, Mr Robert Mugabe, in which he declared that
his government would not negotiate with South Africa about the problem on

a ministerial or diplomatic level. [Text] [MB281609 Johannesburg Inter-
national Service in English 1500 GMT 28 Dec 82]

hh


cso:

3400/437

Sis not soln‘ Sout West?
+ Africa”, the "Bar Councit:
vsaid. Se
The council was. per-
“turbed. about the many.
unsolved. cases- of disap- :
pearances of-citizens, the
-death or injury of citizens;
and destruction of prop--
‘erty, particularly inthe:
“operatfonataréa..
It pointed-out in many
cases there was no proof
of who was. responsible :
and: often there’ was no
means to establish the
otruth, 9 es
“We - believe. that

26



firm was sabotaged, it was reported. According to certain information, UNITA
sabotaged the Malanje railroad line in north-central Angola last Thursday.
Apparently, UNITA also sabotaged two bridges near Luena, in the eastern part
of the country, the capital of Moxico Province. It is alleged that the town of
Luena is presently receiving supplies by air. On the other hand, it is alleged
that the People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola has launched an
offensive in the Kanjala region, between the central coastal towns of N'gunza
and Lobito, against UNITA groups that have been the cause of insecurity there.
[Text] [AB281908 Paris AFP in French 1726 GMT 28 Dec 82]

CSO: 3419/369



population. The latter, however, are immune to such acts since they are protected
by the RNM.. Machel's forces are unable to come close to our bases despite
FRELIMO's military superiority. All they do is attack the people and burn
villages so that later their propaganda can claim that more RNM bases have

been attacked. This is to give the impression that FRELIMO is a strong army

when in fact it is nothing more than a band of hyenas always on the run.

Mozambique's government scum is the cause of our people's misery. Since it has
taken power the government has resorted to oppressing the masses and funneling

the country's riches to its Moscow bosses, This has only helped plunge the country
into another war which causes suffering among the people. However, the people
cannot give up.

The RNM, the armed wing of the people, lead the second struggle of national
liberation and nothing can stop it. We will fight until final victory. Only
when we have managed to eradicate FRELIMO from Mozambique can we stop the armed
struggle.

The countries which are giving military aid to the reptiles in the service of
Moscow must be prepared to give moral’ support to the families of soldiers who
are being sent to Mozambique, and would be better to think of their interests
in our country. In a free fatherland we will take your role in the defense
of our enemies into consideration,

Even the United Nations, which should see to it that human rights are respected,
give economic aid to one of the biggest violators of human rights, the regime
of marshal-nurse Samora Machel. Machel, however, sees that his end is nearer,
and we will not disappoint him. We have promised to march into the streets of
Maputo in the very near future.

CSO: 3442/83

17



SOUTH AFRICA

OIL COMPANY HEAD CITES OPTIMISM ON FINDING OIL
MB281030 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 27 Dec 82

[Text] The general manager of SOEKOR [Southern Oil Exploration Company],

Dr Van Zyl, says there is a good chance that South Africa will discover
economically viable quantities of oil off its coast. Speaking in a radio
program, he said the SOEKOR's recent successes, together with the avail-
ability of good source rock along the coast and improved drilling techniques,
had created a favorable climate for significant oil discoveries. He said,
however, that an oilfield would have to produce at least 20,000 barrels

a day and have reserves for at least 15 years before it could be considered
economically viable.

In October SOEKOR announced that it had made its first significant find
southeast of Mossel Bay. At the time it was said that within a few months
it would become clear whether South Africa's search for oil had yielded
anything decisive. Asked whether a significant oil find would bring about
a drop in fuel prices, Dr Van Zyl said this was unlikely.

Also taking part in the program was a researcher in the Department of
Mining and Geology at the University of the Witwatersrand, Mr (Tony Cadel),
who said there were promising oil strata along the South African coast.
Describing SOQEKOR's two finds of the past year as significant, he said

the area where the corporation was concentrating its search had the best
potential for a good find and showed good reservoir characteristics.

SOFKOR's first general manager, Dr (Frans Kwas), said the corporation's
latest successes had created greater interest among the international oil

companies. Although these companies were not at present actively involved
‘in SOEKOR's search, important oil discoveries might encourage them to rejoin.

csO: 3400/502

3h



REGISTRATION OF MINE UNIONS TO BE SCRAPPED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Dec 82 p 8

{Article by Jenjte Knuppe]

[Text]

<THE*“Chiaiaber’ “of”
‘Mines has ‘decided to *

scrap registration as 2.)
citeon for trade >
and ©

Bie embeck ona de!
‘eentralised means’.of

lations: Amendment Bill
to be read in Parliament:

next year and a nation-
“wide. move’ away « from’

treating registration “as:

; the most important aspect!

Sof union recognition, the

‘Chamber of Mines. deci--

:-sion” should have far-
reaching effects at gold’
and’ coal mines through-.

_ out the country. g
The decision means

that unions with support
among certain categories
of labour on mines stand °
-as much chance of being”

spectrum:

It has already made
possible the recognition
of the Federated Mining
Explosives and Chemical
Employees’ Union at two
mines. At one, the union
is recognised as represen--
ting vehicle drivers, at the

cso: 3400/447

“other painters and handy
men.
© According’”'to the
chamber’s industrial’ re-'
lations adviser, Mr J Lie-;
benberg, the new criteria:
for recognition of a trade’
union are as follows: %
@-An acceptable. con-;

‘stitution which shows that,

the union intends recruit-
ing in the whole mining

industry.
‘Proof that the uiion

“has recruited a significant,

portion of workers in’

"the field it intends to rep-

resent.

2. @ An agreement to en-

into fall recognition:

relations with the mine,.
*- with all that this entails.

@ An agreement by"

“the union to’ negotiate

and other employ-
ment conditions jointly
with other recognised’.
unions representing the
same class of employee.

@ The understandin; ag
that, should the union’s:
membership drop. below
the point whiére it is re-
garded-as significant, the
chamber ‘will reserve the

Tight to withdraw recog-
nition.

The chamber, in line
with its new recognition
policy, has also advised
members that access for

_Tecruitment should be al-

35

SOUTH AFRICA

“lowed ”""Tup-and-coming

‘Black unions, with. the:
proviso that’ individual
managements may deter-
mine the rules for such ac-
cess. in respect of hours
and use of facilities.

Menibers of the
chamber employ 480 559.
Blacks, 915 ' Coloureds
and 423 Asian workers.

Recruiting

At the moment five’
new unions are recruiting’
from ..these, .workers, of
which” the’ Black: Mine ‘
Workers’ Union, the Nat- :
ional. Union . of . Mine

“Workers and the Fede-~

tated Mining Explosives
and Chemical Employees’
Union. have had dis: ”
cussions with the chamber _
and been granted access
to recruit on mine proper-

ty. fae ete Y
Another spin-off of the
new policy, is a proposal
that unregistered but re-
cognised unions be grant-
ed automatic subscription
deduction facilities at
mines, subject to minis-
terial approval. Previous-
ly only registered unions
were granted this facility.
‘Unregistered unions
could be granted it tem-
porarily, provided they
showed a willingness to
become registered.



NATIONAL PLANNING SURVEY UNDERWAY

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 24 Nov 82 p 4

{Text]

°° A" NATIONAL plat?
ning survey aimed at the:
ultimate proclamation of
townships at .- various:
towns in’ Namibia is stilt
in’ progress, after the:
project was launched by*
the Ministers” Council’s.

Department ~ ‘of the
Ministers” Council cover:
ing the calendar year 1981.
It. was tabled in” the
National. ‘Assembly last
‘week.

The~ Ministers” “Couneit”
Department came into be-:
ing under the name of Con-
stitutional Development’
when some of the functions

November £1979, the
Teport states. f

The Bureau for Develop-
ment Coordination and
Statistics carried out aeriel
surveys and mapping dur-
ing the course of the past:

year. - Ps
Such comprehensive sur-

veys were completed. for.

Aranos, Stampriet,
Swakopmund
Windhoek’s ‘owriships

:,Oshikuku, =

Onayena, Beha,
Qnathin;
Owambo,:. * Okomnbahe,

Omatjette, Uis, and an ex
tension of . the Refiobotht
township, were either plan-°
net ‘or replanned.: 2 H

s Surveys were completed:
and reports. compiled on‘
the" Bondelswarts Reserve,
the. Bondels  Reservey:
Hoachanas and the
problem, situation concern-
ing the.-portion of ‘the:
Kuiseb_River occupied byi
the Topnaars, the Feport:
states. .

The Bureau also: did.
various ad hoc studies and»
contributed“... *towards
several studies, including:

@ A. business-economical”
investigation intd the possi-
ble establishment of one
more tanneries in Namibia; *
@ An‘ investigation into:
the potential. of.
agronomical development
junder irrigation along the.
| lower Orange River;

| | @ A socio-economic’ in-
| vestigation of Liideritz;
| @A Teport on the present
leconomic © situation | in
‘Namibia and its future’
development, stressing the.
need for manpower.

@ A study of the local
availability’ of building
material in Namibia as well
as an investigation of
whether minor cement fac-

23

tofies could be established:
in the country;

@ And an investigation
for submitting Proposals to’
the " Ministers’ Councif
regarding the allocation of
Government. funds for.
development purposes on @
sounder basis. On comple-
tion of this study, it is an-
ticipated that an improved

‘budget procedure- will be:
"introduced during. the.

1983/4 financial year.
* GUESTS :
The . Department — of.
Interstate Relations of the
Department ~- of~

Ministers’ Council, sept

that during 1981 98 guest
groups ‘ consisting of
altogether 485. guests were
dealt ‘with.

These included 64 guests
Officially invited by the
SWA_ Government, . 117
who visited. the Territory
‘on their. own initiative
mainly from SA, 227 of-
ficial SA guests and 77
other overseas visitors who
came on their own_in-
itiative.

Most_.of these guests
were journalists, _politi-
cians, and academics.

Since September 14 last
year, the
Ministers has taken over

direct control of consul-*

tants abroad, from the
AG's office.

Council. of,

NAMIBIA



Nineteen Kavangos Released, Says SWATF
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 6 Dec 82) ..scsceeescececceceees

Sole Quota Causes Dissent
(David Pieters; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 3 Dec 82) ......

National Planning Survey Underway
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 24 Nov 82) ..scscsecececscsceees

Probe Security Laws, Say Lawyers
(THE CITIZEN, 9 Dec 82) ..cececcsececccecccecccesecesseees

Briefs
Damara Results
Food Prices Soaring
Bushmen for Ethnic Authority

SIERRA LEONE

Iranian Delegation Meets, Briefs Stevens
(Freetown Domestic Service, 23 Dec 82) ..sccssceseseeecvess

Briefs
Guineans Arrested

SOUTH AFRICA

RSA Paper Criticizes Government's Lesotho Policy
(Editorial, THE STAR, 23 Dec 82) ...ssevsccescvsccvessveeee

Commentary on Fuel Supplies for Zimbabwe
(Johannesburg International Service, 24 Dec 82) ...esseeeee

Oil Company Head Cites Optimism on Finding Oil
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 27 Dec 82) ..

Registration of Mine Unions To Be Scrapped
(Jenjte Knuppe; THE CITIZEN, 10 Dec 82) .......

Harry Oppenheimer Reflects on Retirement
(Harry Oppenheimer Interview; THE STAR, 3 Dec 82) .

NUM Vows To Fight Exploitation of Black Miners
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 8 Dec 82) wcsscessccesccecceesce

Racial Discrimination in Public Places Deplored
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 8 Dec 82) ..ccecsccccevscvccccecsveces

Briefs
Reprieve for Shack Dwellers
ADCH Goes Public
Sigma Workers Fired

21

22

23

28

29

30

32

34

35

36

39

41

43

43



cso:

3400/452

along ‘the paths of reform. If
so much heat generated about us.
using public God-given facilities like
beaches, then we might as. well stay
away from those hallowed hotels or °
whatever. South Africa is also one of.
the few countries in the world where:
such abominable - racist: things are,
said in public... ©

We repeat: The most awful thing?
about this whole sordid business is;
that some’ white radicals’ actually.

‘spend time, money and ever their’

credibility to visit countries or
places where such discrimination
does not exist. They mix freely with’
black men and women outside of:
South Africa and suddenly revert to
their racist lily-whitism as soon as
they cross the border back home.

he



cso:

3400/452

The congress noted
that certain mining
unions had forced the
Confederation of Asso-
ciations and Mining
Unions to form white
racist mining unions into
a collective bargaining
front to oppose and frus-
trate the black miners’
interests.

“We resolve not to
apply to join the confed-
eration; that we will
strongly oppose the con-
federation if it seeks to
frustrate the black
miners’ interests and call
upon all those who be-
lieve in non-racial col-
lective bargaining to re-
sign from the confedera-
tion.

“The congress be-
lieves that in order to
maintain industrial
peace in the mines the
bosses should recognise

ho

Tepresentative unions
for collective bargaining
purposes; and not to dic-
tate terms to the union.”

Regarding the regis-
tration of unions, the
congress said that it was
concemed that the pre-
‘sent process with the
Department of Man-
power was ‘a clear indi-
cation” that the Govern-
ment wanted to control
and suffocate the deve-
lopment of unions

It was also convinced
that it was fully capable
of developing as a union
without the unnecessary
interference of the Gov-
ernment in its internal
affairs.

It therefore resolved
not to register with the
Department as long as
the registration proce-
dure remained un-
changed.



the well-being of all the people. We know that in process of implementing
nationalization some errors in method were made. For example, there were

schools which had been built by the Protestant churches to serve as an alternative
to the colonialist system of education and to keep the Mozambicans rooted

in their culture and nationalistic aspirations. With the victory of the

struggle of national liberation, the spirit that. guided the building of such
schools ceased to exist. As a result, some officials went to Dar es Salaam

in 1974 and offered these schools, together with hospitals that they had built,

to the Mozambique Liberation Front. At the time of nationalization, no distinction
was made between these schools and the private ones. Naturally, this attitude
provoked surprise and stunned the institutions which had acted so correctly.

Despite mistakes of this nature, most of the religious institutions whose property
has been nationalized know how to differentiate between the problems of method
and the scope of nationalization. The believers praised nationalization and they,
like all other Mozambicans, benefitted from it. Nationalization is the highest
achievement of our Mozambican peoplé. They have placed in the hands of the
people's state, the fundamental instruments to strengthen national unity and to
consolidate the Mozambican nation,

We reaffirm once again: The process of nationalization is irreversible. It is
the people who defend, consolidate and extend nationalization. Believers of all
religious denominations, side by side with the nonbelievers, have played an
important role in this process.

In some of the speeches we heard during this meeting, we noticed incorrect con-
cepts, but fortunately not from all. They have had a profound effect on this
issue. There were speeches that showed difficulty in understanding the country's
real problems and an inability to identify with the main achievements of our people.
There were speeches in which peace and harmony were abstractly evoked. Peace
cannot be the result of compromise with oppression, apartheid, and crime. In
view of the aggression that our people are victims of, no Mozambican can remain
neutral and indifferent. As in the past, when it was the duty of everyone to
denounce the crimes of colonialism and the foreign occupation of our fatherland,
today it is essential that everyone denounce this impetialist aggression, shed
light upon the true nature of the armed bands, and take part in the defense

of national independence and national sovereignty. It is the duty of all
citizens.

We cannot leave this place with the illusion that the existing problems will be
solved at the drop of a hat. Mountains--how to move the mountains? Even just
illiteracy--I do not even know the height of that mountain.

The dialogue we had, the frank and open discussion we had here, constitutes an
important step to consolidate the essential things that unite us. This is the
basis for discussion [words indistinct] each one of the religions, the churches
present here.

The Mozambican State is going ‘to organize itself in order to give a better answer
to the needs and requests of the different religious denominations and to give
a better accommodation for their participation in national life. The Ministry
of Justice will be the organ responsible for the relationship between the state

10



12 Apostles, the Good Pastor Church--to mention only a few--whose leaders and
followers are thrown into concentration camps in Zambezia and Niassa.

This subtle and sly tactic of the FRELIMO party leaders was*clearly evident
during the recent meeting held in Maputo between the hierarchy of the
oppressive communist regime’ and some of the Mozambican religious leaders,. Here
are some excerpts of Machel's remarks at the meeting:

[begin recording] We also had prominent members of the Moslem hierarchy who
allowed themselves to be seduced in the last years of colonialism despite all
the discrimination that they had suffered. It is not a coincidence that in
these cases mentioned here these elements of the religious hierarchies who
compromised with the foreign occupier lost prestige among the Mozambican
believers.

Such hierarchies allied themselves with the colonial power, which needed to be
overthrown. It is in this context that ‘once colonialism-fascism had fallen,

some believers decided to occupy churches ‘and to disassociate themselves from
the hierarchies and to denounce their links with colonialism. [end recording]

From an analysis of Samora Machel's speeches during the opening and closing
sessions of that meeting one realizes'that the communist dictatorship regime is
determined to promote its divisionist policy among the Mozambican religious
community. It is the old tactic of divide and conquer. In fact on one hand

the oppressive regime tries to.create’an irreconcilable division between
Mozambican Moslems and Mozambican Christians. On the other hand, it tries to
establish among the Mozambican Christians a distinct division between Protestants
and Catholics, representing the latter as enemies of a hypothetical freedom for
the Mozambican people, a freedom which cannot exist in a country under dictator-
ship rule.

This divisive maneuver comes ‘after ‘the government tried a similar move by creating
the so-called Mozambique Christian Council headed by the traitor and puppet,
Isaac Mahlalela,

This anti-Catholic policy is due to the patriotic stance that has been adopted

by the conference of Mozambican bishops in denouncing and condemning the crimes
perpetrated by the FRELIMO party against the Mozambican people. It was the
conference of Mozambican bishops which unveiled the horrors of the so-called
reeducation process which the Samora Machel regime introduced in the Cabo Delgado,
Niassa, Zambezia and Sofala concentration camps as well as in other provinces

of the country. It was also the conference of Mozambican bishops which denounced
the government-ordered public execution of two Mozambican citizens in the
Quelimane football stadium, long before the sinister law of the crimes against
the people and the people's state had been introduced.

Today, the Mozambican Catholic Church, through the conference of Mozambican
pishops, remains firm in its position and refuses to compromise in any way with
an inhuman regime which continues to deny the most basic and elementary rights
of the people and which has not ceased to’ be antidemocratic, since it is illegal.
Actually, no religious organization whether Christian, Moslem or any other one
can accept the imposition now being made by the oppressive regime, under which

12



JPRS 82612

10 January 1983

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2745

CoNTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Western 'Goodwill' for SADCC Countries Noted
(Adewale Fatona; NAN, 28 Dec 82) .eccccccccccecccecsceescees 1

ANGOLA
Briefs
UNITA Operations Communique 2
Defense Official in Benguela 2
UNITA Christmas Operations 2
MOZAMBIQUE
Machel Addresses Church Representatives During Meeting
(Various sources, various dates) ..sccscccscsaccaceccacecves
No Talks With Bandits, by Samora Machel
Ethical Role of Church, by Samora Machel
'VOFA' Comments
RNM Communique on Latest Actions Against FPLM
(Voice of Free Africa, 25 Dec 82) wssssssceceaceees seeeceeee 14
‘VOFA' Commentary Notes RNM Progress
(Voice of Free Africa, 21 Dec 82) wiscssscsceccccescscsecees 15
'VOFA' Commentary Scores Frelimo's Propaganda
(Voice of Free Africa, 18 Dec 82) ...cececsccccccecececececs 16
Briefs
Agricultural Tool Factory 418
Train Derailment Reported 18
NAMIBIA

Caprivi Tribal Border Dispute Simmers

(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 3 Dec 82) ....ssseeeevees seecsceee 19

-a- (III - NE & A - 120]



The military dimension has been overstated. Certainly the country's mili-
tary strength greatly exceeds that of any other force in the region, or
anywhere else on the continent. A year ago a Rockefeller foundation study
reported that a conventional war contains no threat. South Africa is
stronger than any opponent or coalition of opponents in Africa. But mili-
tary strength is merely a reflection of national power overall.

More relevant, in the regional context, is the wider reality of which the
DAILY EXPRESS correspondent has written: There is no way within our life-
time that the Black African nations to the north can survive without the
sympathetic support of South Africa. The reality is a network of coopera-
tion and complementary interests so closely strung that no member of the
group can break out of it without grave damage to itself. And at the center
of the network is the South African economic and technological machine.

cso: 3400/502

33



NINETEEN KAVANGOS RELEASED, SAYS SWATF

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 6 Dec 82 p 3

[Text]

cso:

3400/437

Force has “announced
that since November 4,
19 people who had been
detained during “opera-
tions against Swapo in-!
surgents.": had been’
released. - - * a
°" In’ a - statement, the

SWATF said that during
operations against Swapo.
insurgents, ‘19 people had
been detairied in West

“The ~ detainees < were
questioned and released,
the statement said. “

The first of the 19 people
was set free on November
6 and “the last on
November 19.

Those detained’ and.

released were: (Names first

al

> followed: by release date): ©

Immanuel Silas — Nov
6; Hesron Nghilundilua —
Nov 8; Michael Mukoya —
Nov 9; Mr Paulus Sikongo
— Nov 9: Mr Asser

‘“Lihongo Nov "9; “Mr

Jaco Kangal — Nov 9; Mr
‘Thomas Kaluuga — Nov
12; Mr. Johannes
‘Musnongo — Nov 13; Mr
Simon’ Kandered — Nov
13; Mr Sinoka Ndara ~—
Nov 16; Mr Hendrik
Musongo.— Nov: 19;~Mr
Jesaya Mbanze — Nov 19;
Mr Malakai Muremi —
Nov 19; Mr” Egidius

: Hamutenya — Nov 24; Mr

Anti Ahingura — Nov 29;
Mr Regigius Siyave — Nov
29; Mr Paullus Kayowa —
Nov 29; Mr Alex Seremo
— Nov 29 and Mr Hausiku
Munemi. ~, Nov 29. =



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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
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original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
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given by source.

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SOWETO WORKERS SACKED--About 300 Black and 10 White employees of a sub-con-
tracting firm working on the Soweto electrification project have been re-
trenched and will be paid off today. Mr Ian Elliot, managing director of
WE Plant Hire, told The Citizen he had been told by Mr Bill Robinson, pro-
ject manager of the main contractor, LTA, there was no work for the sub-
contracting firm in Soweto. It is understood that the number of retrenched
Black labourers in other concerns involved in the project could be about

1 000, but this could not be confirmed. A site foreman for WE said the 310
employees were given only a day's notice. Mr Bill Robinson said he had told
the sub-contractors that the work they were involved in was ending and he
could not guarantee there would be work in the new year. [Text] [Johannes-
burg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Dec 82 p 8]

CSO: 3400/447

5



SIERRA LEONE

BRIEFS

GUINEANS ARRESTED--FREETOWN--Hundreds of Guinean nationals have been ar-
rested in neighbouring Sierra Leone during the past week as part of a police
crackdown on illegal immigration. More than 700 Guineans, mainly of the Fula
ethnic group, have been detained but many are being released with orders to
go home. There are no accurate estimates of the number of Guinean Fulas in
Sierra Leone, but they are found everywhere and are active in the small-scale
retail sector and dominate the meat trade from livestock selling to butcher-
ing. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 10 Dec 82 p 8]

cso: 3400/447

29



CSO:

3400/447

address“ of “his private’
company, ° Oppenheimer;

cand: Son) although: not:

every day — ‘and not
for the hours that he!
used to. .-

“2-“Occasionally ‘I. hope
“that I “shall” ever’. be
sable to make'’a useful
ieee on ‘But I won't’
‘hig t too often

‘when. -you:: tetire* you
‘must not breathe down .
‘people's necks.” 32)

x: -He hopes to. spend a
e time at his

more active interest in
chis racing stable, Hi...

38



periorinel to“
assist the AG on “on a more '
personal. basis.”
“: The ‘report. also. ‘notes’
changes that took place in:
the’ constitution of | the:
National ‘Assembly during’
A981.

_ There were: “12 resigna-*

‘absence for more than 10:
consecutive days was not!
condoned by: the © As-:
sembly, bringing: to-a total
50- member in “the A:

‘Then " theréTM-were’
further. 10 .. nominations
from.second-tier executives
in. terms of the» AG’s in-
crease of the number: of.
seats, which left 12 vacan-:
cies out of a: total of a;
further 22 seats allowed for’
in terms ‘of the proclama-

The.
ecutives which nominated;
members::to thé National:
iwere..” the’

. in Otibingwe # school
and” 14.. dwefings ‘were

2h

also tiade with the erection’
of. a power station,’ and’ a
modern sewage - system
was installed’ for’ the vil-

At Korridor a.school, 21
dwellings for-teachers. and '
a. power station. were
erected at Post:13.. se
“eThe “Ministers” Council
“was assisted ‘and advised’
by-the following commit-
tees,’ which -.were’ con-
stituted in terms of AG. 19
of 1981:

e ‘Constitutional and
Security; ~

Je Agveuture” and
.Nature Coriservation;

@ Infrastructure;
@ Finance: and: Economic”

‘Noteworthy’. resolutions
& the’ Council during the

réar included:
° > The introduction of a

television service;
@ Drought 7 °:-+:

<continusd, {9 ex:
‘eéute the functions of civ
defence for the whale Ter--
ritory, in a controlling and

co-ordinating capacity
although the Council took
over that function from the
Administration on a Fanuary

occured *
the Council’ did nave sat
and facilities to execute the
function properly, ac-
cording to the report. _



role has contributed in various ways to our resistance against foreign occupa-
tion. Much of Mozambique's history ‘is linked to this resistance. When we look
back today, it is fresh in our memories that Mozambicans and foreigners who
allied themselves with our people were closely involved in this resistance.
Despite the fact that problems still.remain to be solved, they are seen from
the perspective of what we have always fought for: the freedom and dignity

of the Mozambican people. As'a result, there has been a basis for understanding
and. comprehension.

Regarding the Hindus, independence has also brought them the opportunity to
celebrate their religion in freedom. The era of colonial oppression, dis-
crimination, and humiliation of which’ they were victims, is now gone. We.all
remember the brutal treatment which they were subjected to at’ the time of the
liberation of the Portuguese colonial territories in India. We remember them
stripped of their personal belongings, their fathilies divided, the concentration
camps, the many thousands who were expelled. Today, we live in the freedom that
we have always dreamed of. This is the freedom that all--believers dnd non-
believers--who have joined’ the Mozambique Liberation Front to liberate our
people from Rovuma to Maputo have dreamed of. [applause] We are proud because
they know how to appreciate and how to value such freedom.

In all of you we have found a readiness to be part of what will make Mozambique
a strong, prosperous, and happy fatherland, the land of our children, the sacred
territory which is necessary to preserve and enlarge. We are now going to follow
a new phase of this long and hazardous path which leads to our common objectives.
We would like to walk together on that path. However, it is necessary:to have

a common idea, a common commitment, without vacillation or hesitation. We have
serious difficulties, The frankness. and openness with which we came to this
meeting forces us to speak clearly of these difficulties, which are obstacles

on this march since they have been placed on the level of principles.

Representatives of the religious hierarchies: On various occasions we have met
with the Catholic hierarchy of our country in a search for a basis for under-
standing. Our meetings have always been characterized by difficulties in finding
a common language and a common perspective regarding the country's problems and
the role of this church in the past. Even at the first meetings with this
hierarchy, before the proclamation of independence and the creation of the
People's Republic of Mozambique, and before the approval of its constitution
as:a people's republic, we spoke of the need for them to abandon the privileges
they had enjoyed in the past. This hierarchy has never adapted itself to the
new equality that was brought about after independence. It is here where the
origin of some of our problems lies. While the other churches present here, which
in the past were the object of discrimination and systematic hostility and
persecution, celebrate with jubilation the equality brought about by inde-
pendence, the Catholic hierarchy, however, speaks of discrimination.

Representatives of the Catholic hierarchy present here did not share the meeting's
general spirit. The document they produced did not make us feel their identifica-
tion with the problems and aspirations of the Mozambican people, as was the case
with the representatives of the other churches. We did not see in them the

same concept of fatherland, the same love for the free and independent fatherland,



SWAZILAND

QUEEN REGENT REAFFIRMS SUPPORT FOR LATE KING'S POLICIES
MB281514 Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 28 Dec 82 p 1

[Excerpt] The queen regent has instructed government to investigate the
causes of the present decline in the kingdom's economy.

In her Christmas message, Indlovukazi Dzeliwe said she had been informed
about the poor state of the economy. However, she expressed the hope that
through unity and co-operation, the nation would be able to overcome this
problem.

The queen regent also reaffirmed her commitment to the policies laid down
by the late King Sobhuza II. She said Swaziland will continue to take
only what is good from foreign cultures to merge with only what is good
from its own.

She also appealed for co-operation between the chiefs in the country and
the general public. She particularly urged the chiefs and indunas to work
closely together in leading this nation.

She also stated that no single individual was capable to rule a country on
his own. She said it was the people that ruled the country by ensuring
that all its affairs were properly run.

In the case of Swaziland, she said the kingship belonged to the people and
that it was therefore up to the Swazi people to support and protect it.

"We are aware that there is no peace in the world and no one can say for
sure that his security is guaranteed," she said.

She said it was for this reason that she had decided to reaffirm her commit-
ment to the policies of the late King Sobhuza which the nation will continue
to pursue.

CSO; 3400/504

6



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

NEW VICE AIR MARSHAL--The Ministry of Defense announced yesterday that

Maj Gen (Jisayi) (Tungamirayi) has been appointed a vice marshal with the
effect from December 21, Comrade (Tungamirayi) was responsible for opera-
tions and training in the Zimbabwe national army. Vice Marshal (Tungamirayi)
is to become the chief of staff in the airforce. [Text] [MB300712 Harare
Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 30 Dec 82 MB]

cso: 3400/504 END

48



and the religious institution. Adequate structure, both at central and provincial
levels, will be created by the Ministry of Justice. [applause] This will

require greater organization from the religious institutions. Good organization
and understanding, flexibility instead of making it difficult. Each church

will be called upon to assess the contribution it can make for large and small
projects of national reconstruction. In order to facilitate the state
organization, each church must submit its plan of action annually so it may be
possible to coordinate it with what the state has and is able to do. Priorities
are to be indicated.

The churches play an important role in the ethical formation of their followers.
It is their duty to promote the strengthening of national unity, the upgrading
of love for the fatherland, the raising of patriotic feelings, the fight against
racism, tribalism, and regionalism. Through such roles, the churches present
themselves as truly Mozambican, as truly identified with the people and with
the progress and well-being of our people.

'VOFA' Comments

MB281624 (Clandestine) Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique 1700 GMT
24 Dec 82

[Station commentary]

[Excerpts] Since its rise to power the FRELIMO party has embarked on a campaign
of strife and persecution against all religious organizations in Mozambique. Soon
after independence the FRELIMO party leaders stripped the churches of all their
belongings in the name of a so-called nationalization policy. In addition to this,
and in terms of the Stalinist principles that have always guided it, the FRELIMO
clique profaned temples, expelled religious leaders and arrested believers of all
denominations, who ended up in concentration camps. Such a campaign was waged
with insulting speeches that Samora Machel used to make in different parts of the
country to humiliate and denigrate the religious beliefs of our people. In
November 1978, at the time of the program for the organization of the party,
Samora Machel defined religion as an obscurantist rite.

Despite all attempts by the oppressive government to bring religion to its knees,
the Mozambican people remain firm in their beliefs and faiths. Today after

7 years of religious persecution, which did not distinguish between Moslems and
Christians, Machel's communist dictatorship tries a more subtle and sly tactic
to realize its long-desired plan of subjugating a deeply religions people to the
mercy of, or better said, to the common thought, as defined by the FRELIMO party.
Like the wolf in sheep's clothing, Samora Machel today praises and exalts the
Mozambican Moslems after having humiliated them with unfortunate remarks about
their tradition of not eating pork and after having entered a mosque with his
shoes on. We understand this maneuver, since the leaders of the countries that
produce oil--which Machel so desperately needs and is unable to acquire--are
also Moslems.

Regarding Protestants in general, the regime of communist oppression has adopted

an equally opportunist stance after having launched a campaign of persecution
and repression against organizations such as the Jehovah's Witnesses, the

11