SUB-DIVISION OF LAND THREATENING FOOD PRODUCTION

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 24 Jun 82 p 19

[article by Chris Musyoka]

[Text]

‘KENYA’s “food basket’, the
Rift Valley Province, continues
to feed the nation but its
productive capacity is
threatened by the daily
purchase and sub-division of
large ‘farms by land-buying
companies. _

Since independence the
province, referred to as the
“Granary of Kenya”, has been
the backbone of the country’s
food supply.

While many exclusively
farming areas in the country
have been eaten up by the
rapidly growing population,
the fertile central areas of the
Rift Valley still have fine
sprawling large-scale farms
producing top class beef, milk,
mutton, wool, pyrethrum,
wheat, maize, barley, tea and
a host of other agricultural
products.

Statistics show the province
has a total of 533,500ha of
land under crop out of an
agriculturally potential area of
2,500,900 hectares (ex-
clusive of forests).

This area was once the
White Highlands, farmed by
colonial white settlers before
independence, who shipped
agricultural produce overseas.

56

The agricultural output in
the province, particularly in
Nakuru District, has since
dropped. Some factors which
have combined to frustrate
‘increased food production
in the region are:

@Large pieces of land have
have been bought by African

farmers who have not taken:

farming seriously.

@Large places of land have
been left idle for years either
“because the owners have
other farms or have not
acquired enough capital to
invest in them.

-@While the cost of inputs
have’ risen, the current
producer prices are a major
disincentive to farmers. ,

@Payments to: farmers by
crop agents on maize and
pyrethrum have been delayed.

@Storage facllities are poor
and, in some places, slow
buying of crops have left
crops to rot. The worst of all
these negative factors is
probably the buying of large
potentially productive areas
have been by  land-buying
companies and then sub-
divided into-one-and a half to
five-acre plots and allocated

to thousands of shareholders.


vacation. Out of the total number,
2,751 will be from government and
the remaining 817 from public schools.
The report went on to state that such
training was necessitated because of
the rapid growth of the number of
school children, and the subsequent
shortage of skilled manpower. The re.
port underlined the efforts being exert-
ed to realize the success of the train-

ing programme.

cso: 4700/1517

22



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sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
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Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
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rN


JAPAN, LIBERIA SIGN ACCORD

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 25 Jun 82 p 8

[Text]

The Governments of Liberia’

and Japan have signed the se-
cond phase of the first grant
extended to Liberia by Japan,
totalling $7.8 million, for the
167-bed maternity hospital,
now under construction in
Monrovia. *

The second phase of the grant
provides for $3.3 million at the
present exchange rate, in the
Japanese current fiscal budget,
to be extended to Liberia. The |
first phase, signed in July, 1981,
provided for $4.5 million, all ear-
marked for the maternity
hospital construction.

At the official signing
ceremony held at the Foreign
Ministry in Monrovia yesterday,
Foreign Minister Dr. H. Boima
Fahnbulleh and the Japanese
Ambassador here, His Excellen-

cy Kunihiko Murono expressed
happiness that the grant had
been made available for an
essential social service in-
frastruture like the new materni-
ty hospital.

Dr. Fahnbulleh made par-
ticular mention of the Japanese

standing of

Government's understananig
the various social needs of
Liberia, including the need for
the provision of adequate health
services, and its willingness to
contribute towards meeting
these needs.

Touching on the high infant

65

mortality rate being experienced
at home, the Foreign Minister
said, ‘Our Government
welcomes every inch of
assistance” given us to remedy
the problem. .

Dr. Fahnbulleh described the
construction of the maternity
hospital here as a worthy under-
taking and an important con-
tribution to Liberia by Japan, and
therefore extended Liberia's
sincere congratulations, through
Ambassador Murono, to the
Government and _ industrious
people of Japan.

Two weeks ago, Liberia and
Japan signed yet another aid
agreement, this time on rice, to
which Dr. Fahnbulleh referred as
another useful area of bilateral
cooperation and exchange bet-
ween the two nations.

For his part, the Japanese en-
voy said his Government was in-
deed very pleased and willing to
put its arms of friendship around
Liberia and other developing na-
tions of the world, in an effort to
meet some of the basic needs of
people who are trying to help
themselves.

The construction of the
167-bed maternity hospital, with
Japanese technical expertise and
equipment, the Ambassador said,
was one way of demonstrating
this friendship.

LIBERIA


SOMALIA, ITALY SIGN AGREEMENTS

Mogadishu HEEGAN in English 25 Jun 82 p 2

[text]

Mogadishu, Thursday -
The Somali Democratic
Republic and Italian Go-
vernment recently sig-
ned an agreement con-
cerning 11 projects, inc-
luding new and near-co-
mpletion ones that the
government of Italy is
implementing in Soma-
lia.

The Minister of Natio-
nal Planning, Brig. Gen.
Ahmed Suleman Abdalla
signed the agreement on
behalf of Somalia, during
his recent visit to Italy

at the head of a delega-

tion.
Jaalle Ahmed Suleman

Abdalla, who returned
back to the country On

cso: 4700/1553

Tuesday, said while tal-
king to reporters of the
Ministry of Informa-
tion and National Gui-
dance that during his
stay in Italy he held
talks on cooperation and
‘the joint development of
economic projects with
senior officials of the
Italian Government.
The Minister also add-
ed that generally the pro-
jects that his delegation
laid before the Italian
government in their mee-
tings were received with
open hands and_ that
there was general agree-
ment that the talks en-
ded in mutual unders-
tanding and success.
Jaalle Ahmed said that

76

-sm develcpment,

SOMALIA

such meetings occured
twice every year, and
that one of the points
raised in the recent talks
in Rome, was the Italian
Government’s full parti-
cipation in the implem-
entation of huge econo-
mic projects in Somalia.

He adeed that the new
projects in the recently
signed agreement inclu-
de the installation of a
TV network in Mogadi-
shu and Hargeisa, touri-
exten-
sion of hydro-electric po-
wer to the regions and
districts and other pro-
jects that would benefit
the growth of the econo-
my and social develop-
ment.

SONNA



cso:

4700/1517

pave the way for the establishment of
more cooperatives in addition to en
hancing the defence capabilities of the
aation through the establishment of
civil defence units,

The new organizational structure of
peasants’ associations also institutiona-
lizes democratic centralism making
possible the efforts to lay the material
and technical basis for transition to-
wards socialism bear fruit in a short
time, ;

Writing on the reorganization of the

, peasantry and workers, it is proper to

commend the High-Level AEPA, .
AETU Elections Supervisory Central
Committee established within COPWE
for its effectiveness. This is an indica, *
tor that the Commission is fully em-
braced by the masses.” ;

12



GSA MANAGER LANDS IN JAIL

LIBERIA

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 24 Jun 82 p 8

[Text]

GSA Transport Manager,
Charles Harris, has _ been
nabbed and detained on char-
ges of theft. He reportedly
stole a government vehicle
from the agency's compound
in Sinkor, Monrovia, and
sold it to a jeweler for
$2,800.

Harris who is currently
behind bars at the CID cells
in Mamba-point is charged
with the responsibility of
selling government used ve-
hicles at the Government
Services Agency.

On March 23, 1982, he al-

-legedly took. a car bearing

RL-524 and
identified
said to be

Carey: Street,

license plate
sold it to a man
as Ousman Kieta,
a jeweler on
Monrovia.

He is said to have re-
ceived $2,800 without issu-
ing a receipt, or recording
the sales. Harris reportedly
converted. to ‘his personal
use, the amount.

During preliminary inquiry
at the CID Wednesday, the
suspect admitted selling a
vehicle. But said it was his
personal car. He claimed he
jhad bought it from the GSA.

Harris declined however to

say how much he paid or when
he purchased the automobile.

But ac¢ording to a letter
dated May 24, 1982, which
carried GSA Director General
Charles Taylor's signature,
read: "Mr. Charles Harris is
suspended for time indefi-
nite for allegedly selling a
government vehicle."

It further. ystated "you
(Harris), are suspended of f-
the job, pending a clearance
from the CID Headquarters."

Kieta, the Goldsmith
and buyer, also during the
investigation said he had
approached Harris at his CSA
office, requesting to pur-
chase a used car.

He said Harris charged him
$2,800, _. -and he (Harris)
delivered the vehicle at his
house, he (Kieta) told him

that the car needed some
repairs.
After assessing the vehi-

cle Kieta told the NEW
LIBERIAN Wednesday, he gave
Harris $1,630 in cash, The
balance $1,170, he said was
used to repair the vehicle.
OQusman Kieta, charged with
accessory before and after
the fact, along with Charles

71



For instance the "Land to the Tiller" proclamation not only shattered the
most obsolete feudal system in Ethiopia but contained the rural-urban influx
which once threatened the country with serious repercussion.

A series of other measures were also taken to ameliorate social problems
with all means at the disposal of the nation. For instance, a large section
of the jobless were gainfully employed in state farms and others, Part of
the unemployed social strata were given opinion molding orientations so as
to change negative attitudes and behaviour prevalent among this sector.

A study was also conducted to examine the extent and nature of prostitution
in urban centres of the country particularly in the capital. Very encouraging
concern were shown in regard to the welfare of the children of Revolutionary
Ethiopia.

These and other measures taken at different times and as the need was
strongly felt are indeed rewarding, Yet, they are not enough to guarantee
a lasting solution to all and every social problem of the country, What
Ethiopia needs today as has been eloquently described time and again, is a
centrally planned approach, applicable short-to-long-term strategies and an
effective integration of the broad masses and their organizations in all
national endeavours.

The Ten-year Perspective Plan currently under formulation by task forces
assigned to specific areas of endeavour is, when applied, designed to ensure
the building of a self-reliant and prosperous socialist society.

Great Impact

The impact of the Perspective Plan in social welfare in particular is
impressive and indeed worth discussing. The Plan, according to the draft,
would concentrate on the "development, preventive and curative or remedial"
approaches in the social welfare endeavour.

The overall aim of the Perspective Plan in the social welfare aspect is "to
ensure the gainful employment and productive engagement of all and every
national of the country in various endeavours of the country and to provide
social security assistance to all those, for one reason or another, are
forced to be dependents on the society."

A long-term strategy has been studied and recommended at a central level
that would lead to the solution of the prevailing social problems:

An all-purpose study on health, education, law, social services is one of
the steps, This would involve children, the disabled, old-age people,

the unemployed and prostitutes and others, This study would help identify
the exact number of people in each of the social strata concerned,

There will be orientation and attitude change education while agitational
programmes would be launched to raise the awareness of the broad masses in
the objective and role of the undertaking and to integrate their material
and manpower contributions in the national cause.

29



fn

cso:

4700/1547

* The committee will
also modify the accounta-
bility structure.among the
top echelons of the civil
service by restructuring
job descriptions and the
chain of command.

@ Members will consid-
er the need to let Principal
Secretaries and other top
brass of the civil and pu-
blic services go and come”
with governments so as to
ensure absolute political
commitment at the top of-
ficial level.

‘© They are expected to
evolve measures for
‘opening appointments to’
the official headship of
Ministries to suitable per-
sons outside the Adminis-
trative class or the civil
service entire
ae Samibare-are Charg-
ed to relate the entire
exercisa to previous
structural feview reports
‘on the civil service which
have not yet been imple-
mented, e.g. the Okoh
Committee report.

The committee is ex-
pected to submit its re-
commendations to the
PNDC Secretaries’ meet-
ing by next week.

The spokesman howev-
er took the opportunity to
dispel rumours circulating
that the restructuring

36

would jead to the dismis-
sal of Principal Secreta-
ries within the service and
the subsequent abolition
of that post.

The rumour is baseless
and unfounded, the spo-
kesman added.

The spokesman howev-
er hinted that the pre-
ceedings of the committee
will not automatically lead

to a situation wnere the
principal secretary neces-
sarily becomes the head
of administration within,
the service.

he committee members
comprise, ‘aku Kyia-
mah, Secretary for Indus-
tries, Science and Tech-
nology as chairman, Mr K.
8. Asante, Secretary for
Trade, Ms Ama Ata-Aidoo
Secretary for Education
and Or Obed Asamoah.
Secretary for Foreign Af-
fairs.

Others are Mr R. Pe-
prah, Principal Consultant
with Management Deve-
lopment and Productivity
institute (MDPI). Mr Geor-
ge K. Sackey. head of the
civil service and a Secr
tary convener with Dr Asi-
bi Abudu, member of the
National Economic R
view Committee as a co-
opt-.d member.



used but actual administration of
funds to specific projects will be
administered by the Energy
Ministry.

How serious is the threat that
big business might take over jiko
manufacturing granted the field
tests are successful?

According to the Clayworks
spokesman, they “could be
interested in making clay parts”.

So are Mabati, who explained
the extent of their involvement.
“We don’t want to go into a field
which can be handled by small
people, but we will do the
marketing,” the general manager
of the Tube Division Mr. M.G.
Kinisaid.

Mabati intend to participate in
the programme by subcon-
tracting to small artisans whem
they would pay to make the jikos.
The jikos would remain the
property of Mabati, who would
take them once they are ready for
sale.

Approved

Mabati don’t want to take the
responsibility of manufacturing
as this would increase their
“management responsibilities,
Mr. Kini said. But before ventur-
ing into jiko making, Mabati will
want to get first hand information
on the jiko, which should be
available once the programme is
approved.

CSO: 4700/1554

“Whatever lead Prof. Marwick
gives, we shall go along with it.
and) we will do it
enthusiastically,” Mr. Kini said.

But this can only be after the

first two or so million jikos have ‘

been produced en masse through
USAID funds for the purpose of
popularising the jiko, with
Clayworks and Mabati ‘at the
forefront,

With the two companies’
expressing definite interest in the
programme subject to its
viability, isn’t there the
danger that it will be
monopolised by them once the
programme is accepted?

USAID attempted to allay
fears saying: “Deposits of clay are
pretty well distributed

throughout the country, and it is
pretty difficult to monopolise
clay deposit.

“As soon as they find out the
mix, the temperature and other
specifications, all will be
published and there will be no
secrets. We intend to publish
information bulletins to be sent
to each interested group,” Mr.
Lefes said.

Energy Development Inter-
national — a private agency
advising the Ministry of Energy
— revealed that a wider survey of.
the jiko programme was
underway’ to determine how
many jiko makers are in Kenya
and what types of jikos they are
making.

According to EDI’s Mr. H.G.
Mike Jones, there are going to be
lots of stoves and lots of

61

producers, and anybody involved
should get a lot of Government
‘sul rt.

hile Mr.'Jones said that they
were “consciously seeking out
people” to work in the field of
cooking stoves, there was no

. indication of any prominent par-

ticipation of the small-holders.
But he, along with a jiko expert

‘Mr. Max Kinyanjui, blamed it on

the people “who come to us for
proposals, but we don’t know
where they go”.

‘A major meeting to review the
plan of field testing — the
prelude to the acceptability or
otherwise of the improved jiko —
is in the offing and initial tests
are expected to take place in
Kenya's urban centres first.

It is not known whether the
full-scale adoptation of the
improved jiko will meet the
sponsor's tripartite policy’ of
increasing employment, produc-
tion and income at. the same
time.

But whatever problems will
emerge, in particular as to
whether it will be a major com-
mercial affair or a village
polytechnic affair, the USAID is.
willing to discuss the problem.

‘The idea right now is to give
Clayworks and Mabati the initial
popularising order for jikos. But
aedging from their respective
spokesmen, the decision to leave
the manufacture to the small
informal sector will depend
entirely on how lucrative or:
‘otherwise they find the whole,
venture.



[Answer] France's relations with Chad are state-with-state ties and there-
fore go beyond changes of government. In particular, Chad and France share
long-standing ties whose history is an alternation of happy and sad periods.
For a year now, you have known our position on Chad. It is one of strict
noninterference in Chad's internal affairs and our efforts in that country

are aimed at helping in its reconstruction. We have maintained this position
throughout the events there and we will continue to make this pledge, as I

am doing here now. Our personnel in Ndjamena are helping in the reconstruction
of the city, while a medical team continues to work. Our ambassador--I be-
lieve—-was the only ambassador to remainin Ndjamena throughout the transitional
period. He did not leave his embassy. It was a symbol of the permanent na~
ture of the relations between France and Chad. We are determined to help
Chad in its reconstruction and reconciliation efforts. It is up to Chadians

in the first place and next to Africans to do the rest. France has no inten-
tion of (?dicating) what must be done apart from (?calling for) peace and
reconciliation in Chad. The period of adventures is past.

[Question] Mr Minister, France is a member of the contact group on the
Namibian problem. Until now, the negotiations have made no headway. Could
you tell us what proposals France has made?

[Answer] As a member of the contact group, we have acted in a relatively rapid
manner, which I believe makes things progress. Now I have no doubt that

the efforts of the contact group will lead to some results, in particular, two
results. I mean it is apparent that there are reasons to hope that in the next
few months the negotiations will make considerable headway and to a certain
extent this will be due to the contact group. These negotiations will result
in the independence of Namibia, which will thus take its rightful place among
independent states of Africa, free from oppression and apartheid. Anyway,

that is our aim and our action is supported by our African friends who want

us to remain within the contact group in order to work to this end.

[Question] Mr Minister, a last question on the situation in Lebanon, with re-
gard to Israeli invasion. Like most Western countries, France has condemned
the invasion. But do you believe this is enough from France, a country

which has long-standing relations with Lebanon?

[Answer] I hold the view that France has done everything it could in Beirut.
This means that the Lebanese drama affects France profoundly. Our relations
with that friendly country--like with other French-speaking countries—-reach
out beyond mere diplomatic relations. All French people have been affected
by the Beirut tragedy. This is why France did not hesitate to take consider-
able risks. As you are aware, the price paid by France in its cooperation ef-
forts is high, in particular, the death of an ambassador. Such are the risks
run daily by French officials in Lebanon.

On the other hand, we have tried within the Security Council to make reason
prevail and I believe that a great number of countries have already recognized
the need for reason. I hope it will not only be recognized but also fully
accepted.

cso: 4719/1162

32



cso:

4700/1519

must now exercise to safe-
guard the Revolution,
Because when those in of-
fice misuse authority, his-
tory haS a way of letting
power retum to the people.
Perhaps, -mere- than ever,
maintaining a balance be-
tween power and responsible
leadership is what is meant
by "... the Struggle con-
tinues!," +

64



GHANA

CIVIL SERVICE CWDC THREATENS TO TAKE OVER ANTI-WORKER PRESS

Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 29 Jun 82 pp 4, 5

[text]

cso:

THE Central Work-
ers Defence Com-
mittee (CWDC) of
the Civil Service
yesterday threaten-
ed to take over any
press house which
would be used
against the inter-
ests of the working
people.

In a statement is-
sued in Accra in
connection with the
stand being taken
by the independent
newspaper, the
‘Echo’ on the
question of ideo-
logy the committee
said it would effect
the take-over
without seeking
permission from
anybody.

The statement,
signed by Mr Kwesi
Anhwere, the se-
cretary said since
the question: of
ideology cropped
up, the “Echo” had
assumed an ex-
pected stance —

4700/1547

anti-people, pro-
neo colonialist and
imperialist position.

It said that was to
be expected since
the paper had been
noted for its pro-

‘Busia (former Pri-

ime Minister, Dr K.
A. Busia), and capi-
talist outpourings.
“The workers of
Ghana cannot for-
get that the ‘Echo’
played a leading
role in the disband:
ing of the Trades
Union movement

by the proscribed.

Progress Party
through the institu-
tion of an anti-
worker and neo-
colonialist propa-
ganda machine,”
the statement de-
clared.

The ‘statement’

noted that the libe-
ration of the
underprivileged
cannot be sacrific-
ed on the altar of
abstract press free-
dom, which only

42

provides an oppor--
tunity for the ene-
mies of the broad
masses to spread
their message of
doom.

“A commitment
to the restructuring
‘of society, as a
means of transferr-
ing power to the
ipeople, is a neces-
sary pre-condition
for the existence
and operation of
any press in Ghana,
especially during
these revolutionary
times,” it noted.

Traditionally, it
said, the ‘‘Echo”
had consistently
served the interests
of enemies of the
p2ople, having
Deen the official
newspaper of the
Progress Party.and
its present editor,
was editor of the
“Star”, the official
newspaper of the

proscribed Popular

Front Party. GNA.



CONSERVATIVE AFRIKANER STREAK RE-EMERGING

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 20 Jun 82 p 6

[Article by Tony Weaver]

[text]

ANOTHER salvo was
fired this week in the
battle ‘between ver-
ligtes and verkramptes
for control of the Afri-
kaner Broederbond
(AB). It came at the
Northern Transvaal re-
sort of Little Kariba,
near Warmbaths.

Delegates to the annual
congress of the powerful Afri-
kaanse-Taal_en Kultuurver-
eeniging (ATKV), represent-
ing 80000 white Afrikaans
railway workers, gave an en-
thusiastic reception to Pro-
fessor Marius Swart of the
University of Port Elizabeth,
who told them:

“There is no such thing as a
white Afrikaner or a brown

. Afrikaner. To me, an Afri-

kaner is someone who is
white.”

Warning

And in a dramatic develop
ment following Prof Swart’s
right-wing keynote speech to
the congress, the former
Broederbond chief and pre-
sent Minister of National
Education, Dr Gerrit Viljoen,
launched a stinging attack on
him in Pretoria.

The ATKV, largest of the
AB's “cultural” front organi-
sations, cheered and applaud-
ed arch-verkrampte Prof
Swart when he made his

““white Afrikaner” remark in

reply to a question on the “ex-
clusivity” of Afrikaans and
Afrikaners.

Prof Swart is a prominent
Broederbonder and is also a
vice-chairman of the AB
front organisation which acts
as an umbrella body for cul-
tural groups, the Federasie
van Afrikaanse Kultuurver-
eenigings (FAK).

He was the only outside

“ speaker invited to deliver a

lecture to the congress.

His statement flew directly
in the face of the campaign
launched by the Prime Minis-
ter, Mr P W Botha, and his
Cabinet colleagues’ to. per-
suade Afrikaners that it was
time to accept that 2,3-mil-
lion coloureds are also part of
the Afrikaans nation

Prof Swart expand

his

.Jecture on “Responsibilities

of and challenges to the cul-
tured Afrikaner in the 80s” to
cover the split in the National
Party and mixed sport as a
threat to the Afrikaans way
of life.

He also delivered a clear
“hands off Afrikaans” warn-
ing to moves to include co-
loureds as part of the Afri-
kaner nation and attacked
National Party politicians in
strong terms.

Adopting what has tradi-
tionally been the Broeder-
bond stance in times of up-
heaval in the NP, he said:
“Cultural bodies will hence-
forth have to resist the al
devouring demand of politi-
cians and politics.”

SOUTH AFRICA



Gommission for Interior Affairs

Wahib Issa Ali President

Ali Silay Abakari Vice president
QOugoure Hassan Ibrahim Secretary representative
Bourhan Kanano Daoud Member

Mohamed Ali Gadile Member

Ali Guedi Amare Member

Mohamed Ali Bogoreh Member

Moussa Boutaleh Robleh Member

Ali Bileh Robleh Member

Maki Houmed Gaba Member

Hassan Elmi Gueldon Member

Commission for Social Affairs

Omar Ahmed Youssouf President

Moussa Ahmed Osman Vice president
Abdoulkader Ahmed Liban Secretary representative
Abdallah Chirwa Djibril Member

Osman Moussa Omar Member

Hassan Omar Mohamed Member

Noel Abdi Jean-Paul Member

Said Ibrahim Badoul Member

Aden Guedi Dideh Member

Ali Elmi Ardeh Member

Public Works Commission
Moussa Ali Kahin President

Ibiro Ahmed Hamadou Vice president



GABON

GHANA

Weekly Wrap-Up of Non-English Press
(Dereje Balcha; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 27 Jun 82) .........

Factors Militating Against National Development Outlined
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 25 Jun 82) .scccsecssccvseccvseeees

French Minister of Chad, Namibia, Lebanon
(Libreville Domestic Service, 9 Jul 82) ..sssceccseveseees

Government Deplores Impression Created by Two Accra Weeklies
(DAILY GRAPHIC, 26 Jun 82) ..

Committee Set Up To Restructure Civil Service Top Positions
(Wendy Asiama; DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Jun 82) ....eceseceeeeeee

Housing Secretary Announces Planned Workers Villages
(GHANAIAN TIMES, 29 Jun 82) .csccecccccccceccceteceteeeees

PDC Weekly Organ 'Nsamankow' Launched in Accra
(Kofi Yeboah-Algyemang; DAILY GRAPHIC, 26 Jun 82) ...... oe

Two SFC Ships Under Probe for Reported Sale of Catch
to Foreign Ships
(Breda Atta-Quayson; DAILY GRAPHIC, 26 Jun 82) ...

Another PNDC Member Confirms Setting Up of People's Tribunals
(Eluis Arveh; DAILY GRAPHIC, 28 Jun 82) .......

Moslems Urged To Unite for Economic Development
(DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Jun 82) ...

Civil Service CWDC Threatens To Take Over Anti-Worker Press
(DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Jun 82) ..scsecceccecececececeeeeeenes .

PNDC Approves New Housing Plan for Workers
(DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Jun 82) .ccceccsescscecescceeveceseees .

PNDC Notes Role of Christians in Revolution

(GHANAIAN TIMES, 28 Jun 82) ..ccccsccceccceecsecceeseeeees
PNDC Member Sees No Prolonged Debate on Revolution

(GHANAIAN TIMES, 28 Jun 82) ........0005 bee e cece eeeeeeees
Briefs

Takeover of Flour Mills Demanded
Stone Quarry Project Delayed
Seizure of Hoarded Food
Training Program for PDCs

-b-

25

28

31

33

35

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44



TWO SFC SHIPS UNDER PROBE FOR REPORTED SALE OF CATCH TO FOREIGN SHIPS

Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 26 Jun 82 pl

[Article by Breda Atta-Quayson]

[text]

CSO:

4700/1547

TWO of the State Fish-
ing Corporation's (SFC)
vessels are at the mo-
ment being investigated
for allegedly selling ail
their catch to foreign
8 on the high

se:

The SFC vessels. it
has been established
have been indulging in
such transaction all the
se years.

According to officials
at the SFC, for some
time now the fishermen
of the Corporation
spend over six weeks at
sea only to return to say
that they could not have
any catch whilst private
vessels which spend two
weeks in the same terri-
torial waters return with
bumper catches.

The two vessels are
presently berthed at the
Tema Fishing Harbour

This criminal. unpa-
triotic and —_anti-
revolutionary activities
of the SFC fishermen
prompted the Chairman

39

of the Provisional Natio-
nal Defence Council
(PNDC), Fit-Lt. Jerry
John Rawlings to go to
the offices of the corpo-
tation to remind the
workers that they would
be cheating themselves
if they cheat govern-
ment

The Chairman. look-
ing: distressed, told the
workers that they would
be depriving themselves
and ali Ghanaians of the
proper: utilisation of
proceeds from their
work.

“This is our country,
and you ang | nave got to
controi and protect her
wealth.” he said

According to Fit-Lt
Rawlings the attitude of
workers who steal what
they think belongs to the
government is what is
slowing down the revo-
lution

He said no revolution
in the world had suc-
ceeded without moral
strenath.



SOLDIERS WARNED AGAINST EXTORTION

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 14 Jun 82 p 3

[Text]

cso:

Defense Minister Major-
General Albert B.S. Karpeh,
has called on officers and
members of the 6th Infantry
Battalion in  Tubmanburg,
Bomi Territory, to be disci-
plined and matured soldiers.

He said army personnel
must at all times be loyal
to their leaders, while
obeying the chain of com-
mand.

Major-General Karpeh, who
was .addressing members of
the 6th Infantry Battalion
Friday morning at the bat-
talion's headquarters in
Tubmanburg, warned them
against extorting money from
civilians and said drastic
military measures would be
taken against army personnel
engaging in such practices.

He said the PRC came to
power to redeem the Liberian
people from oppression, and
inhumanity, adding, “the
army cannot and must not
engage in acts that would
tarnish the good image of
the revolutidh".

Commenting briefly on the
occupation of private homes

4700/1519

by army personnel, the De-
fense Minister said all sol-
diers occupying private

homes must pay rent.

Also speaking to the men,
Col. Tommy Raynes, Assis-
tant Minister for Public
Affairs, admonished the men
in arms to respect the
rights of civilians, whom,
he said they are to protect.

The Commander of the 6th
Infantry Battalion, Col.
‘Mac M. Shar, thanked Minis-
ter Karpeh andhis entourage
for the visit and assured
the Minister that his men
would always remain committ-
ed and obedient soldiers.

The military camp in Tub-
manburg is the fourth one
Minister Karpeh has visited
recently in his efforts to
acquaint himself with opera-
tions at military camps
around the county and to
warn army personnel against
harassment of civilians and
other forms of misconduct by
'some “members of the Armed
Forces. ,

He has already
BTC, Camp
and Camp Todee.

visited
Schiefflin,

70

LIBERIA



NOT POLICY TO KEEP NAMES SECRET, SAYS LE GRANGE

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 29 Jun 82 p 15

[Text]

cso:

4700/1516

DURBAN. — It is not
policy to withhold the
names of people be-
ing detained, the
Minister of Law and
Order, Mr Louis le
Grange, said through
a spokesman yester-
day.

The comment follows
the use for the first
time last week of Sec-
tion 27 C of the Police
Act to prohibit news-
papers from publishing
the names of three de-
tainees for several
days.

Asked whether it was
now their policy that all
detainees names should
be withheld, so that
they effectively disap-
peared from society,
the Minister’s spokes-
man said it could hap-
pen from time to time.
that names would be
kept secret for a ,,very
short period”.

__ He said co-operation
with the Press in the
past had been very
good, and it was hoped
it would remain so
without thepolice hav-
ing to invoke the law.

Those detained last
week included Mr Quar-
ish Patel, a senior re-
porter on the Daily
News. Mr Vas Soni, the
deputy chief sub-editor
at Post Natal, and Mr

Joe Thioloe, a senior re-
porter on the Sowetan
and former president of
the banned Union of

’ black Journalists.

79

Miss Veli Mnguni and
Miss Victoria Ootlala
are being held under
Section 22 of the Gener-
al Law Amendment Act
while the detention of
journalist Mr Mathata
Tsedu has not been con-
firmed.

Attorneys acting for
the Argus Company in
Natal have asked the
South African Security
Police to confirm under

“what law and where

two of the company's
employees are being de-
tained.

In a letter to the offi-
cer commanding, the
attorneys, Shepstone
and Wylie, said they had
been informed that Mr

' Patel and Mr Soni had
' been removed from the-

| ir homes early on June

24.
They said they be-
lieved the men were be-
ing held under Section
22 of the General Law
Amendment Act 62 of
1966 and that in terms
of the law the men
could not communicate
with either their em-
ployers or their legal
representatives.

SOUTH AFRICA


265308

JPRS 81324

21 July 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2662

060 92808661

FBIS}| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY

NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE g
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161

_ 2 2

Apo


JPRS 81324

21 July 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2662

CONTENTS
BOTSWANA

Government Urged To Abandon Arms Embargo

(Kwapeng Modikwe; DAILY NEWS, 28 Jun 82) seeeeeees 1
Jwaneng Mine Starts Production in August

(Mishingo Mpaphadzi; DAILY NEWS, 22 Jun 82) .......eeeeeee 2

DJIBOUTI

Reportage on Members of New Government

(LA NATION-DJIBOUTI, 3 Jun 82) .ocsscceec eee eeeeeeeeeeees 3

Composition of Executive Committee

Formation of New Government

Members of Various Commissions
Briefs

French War College Officers in Djibouti 9

French Loan for Water Works 9

ETHIOPIA

Organization, Politicization of Peasants Described

(Woubetu Taye; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 19 Jun 82) 10
Mengistu Opens Fourth COPWE Session

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 19 Jun 82) .......eeeeeeee denen eene 13
Weekly Wrap-Up of Non-English Press

(Dereje Balcha; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 20 Jun 82) ......... 20
Over 1,500 Km Roads Built in Kaffa, Illubabor

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 18 Jun 82) ......eceeeeeeeeee se eeee 23
Peasants in Wollo Complete Training

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 15 Jun 82) .........eeeee se ee eens 24

-ac {III - NE & A - 120]



aggression and internal reaction. In this connection, the paper noted the
formation of the People's Militia in such a short time and its later success
in mintaining the age-old independence of the nation through the gallantry
of genuine sons and daughters of the Motherland.

The same was covered by an article that appeared in the Amharic weekly,
Yezareitu Ethiopia, The paper recalled the situation that necessitated the
establishment of the militia force five years back, The weekly made mention
of the clarion call of the Motherland made by Comrade Chairman Mengistu
Haile-Mariam, to which all genuine sons and daughters of the nation responded
in earnest under the banner of "Revolutionary Motherland or Death!"

The Oromo language weekly, Barisa, in an editorial comment wrote about the
recently concluded Fourth Regular Session of the Central Committee of COPWE
which made analysis of the past in the revolutionary process and charted

out future plans, Barisa outlined the significance of the central guidance
provided by COPWE in the course of its existence over the past two years, and
underlined the resolutions passed during the past three sessions of its
Central Committee, The Oromo language weekly stressed the need for relent-
less unreserved efforts by the working people to implement the resolutions

of the Central Committee of COPWE with the view to realizing the ultimate
objectives of the Revolution.

csO: 4700/1555

27



SOUTH AFRICA

NEW INFLUX CONTROL MAY BE MORE RIGID THAN BEFORE
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 20 Jun 82 p 6
[article by Ivor Wilkins]

Etext]

PRELIMINARY analysis of
the Government's new in-
flux-control measures has
raised serious alarm that the
system proposed will be
more rigid than before.

But the fears of informed
analysts have been consider-
ably tempered by the fact
that the pro Bill has
been referred to the Parlia-
mentary Select Committee
‘on the Constitution before the
second-reading stage.

Observers point out that
the recent generally wel-
comed measures to establish
autonomous black local au-
thorities also went through
the Constitutional Select
Committee.

During the committee's
deliberations both Ministers
concerned, Mr Chris Heunis
of Internal Affairs, and Dr
Piet Koornhof, of Co-oper-
ation and Development, had
demonstrated a considerable
flexibility.

‘Said one authority on ur-

ban black legislation this
week: “The difference be-

tween the law that went into

cso: 4700/1551

the select committee and the
law that came out again was
like the difference between
chalk and cheese.”

An informed source said
the select committee’s suc-
cess in giving black local au-
thorities the right to own im-
movable property had
represented a fundamental
shift in policy and scored a
major victory over a power-
ful clique of bureaucrats try-
ing desperately to obstruct
progressive change.

Observers acutely con-
cerned about the initial form
of the influx-control mea-

sures contained in the Order-
ly Movement and Settlement
of Black Persons Bill remain
hopeful that similar flexibil-
ity will prevail in the select
committee on this issue as

well.

At this stage, the Bill,
which is extremely complex
and requires an intimate un-
derstanding of legislation af-
fecting blacks, is under inten-
sive scrutiny by a number of
interested agencies and
bodies.

Outside parties have been

invited to submit memoran-
da on the proposed Bill to the
select committee by August.

But provisional’ analysis
has generated some serious
misgivings.

The main concern is the
new basis that will determine
whether a black person is le-
gally in an urban area or not.

Tt appears that under the
new measure no black can be
in an urban area between the
hours of 10pm and 5am un-
less he has authority.

Permanent urban resi-
dents will be “deemed” to
have such authority.

This has given rise to fears
that there will be massive
night raids to catch illegals.

“If the criterion for egal
sojourn is determined
tween 10pm and 5am, I see no
other way than night raids to
control it,” said one informed
source.

Another source of serious
concern is that the fines for
employing blacks not author-
ised to be in the urban area
will be R5 000 if the new Bill
is accepted in its current
form.



cso:

4700/1516

fere in the operations of the trade union

“movement, and control boards whose op-
erations cut right across the free enter-
prise system.

Since his appointment, Mr Rosholt has
said that he is determined to promote in-
tegrated universities, academic freedom
and educational parity.

No doubt many of Mr Rosholt’s views will
be considered laudable, both by Wits and
many members of the business communi-
ty.

And as Chancellor, his statements on aca-
demic matters will carry great weight.
However, we hope Mr Rosholt will also
bear in mind that Wits University has
suffered financially because of unfortu-
nate incidents, like the shouting down of
the Minister of Co-operation and Devel-
opment, Dr Koornhof, and the burning of

a South African flag.

While he must defend the principles which
he and his university hold dear, his main
concern must surely be to help promote
the image of the university, in the eyes of
the public, as that of an institution which
deserves the fullest support.

As Mr Rosholt himself sees it, his most im-
portant present and future role is as
trustee of the Wits Foundation.

In this capacity, he says, he is able to as-
sure prominent businessmen involved in
supporting Wits that their “investment”
is well placed.

We hope he will be able to broaden his
message to include businessmen and
others who do not support the university
at present.

It also wouldn’t be a bad idea if the pres-
ent antagonism towards the university in
official circles were ended by the univer-
sity demonstrating that it is not, as some
Government officials might wrongly
think, a hotbed of extreme liberalism and
potential subversion because of the ill-
considered actions of some if its stu-
dents.

The university must not be seen to be al-
ways agin’ the Government and uncaring
of what non-liberal, conservative sec-
tions of the community think.

Mr Rosholt, by his high standing as a busi-
ness leader, and Professor Tober, by his
undoubted academic and administrative
ability, can help to bring about that im-
portant change of attitude towards Wits

that will enable it to be supported by all

“sections.

81



DJIBOUTI

BRIEFS

FRENCH WAR COLLEGE OFFICERS IN DJIBOUTI--About 30 officers from the French
war college--trainees and unit officers--visited the capital of Djibouti from
Thursday 27 May to Tuesday 1 June on their way back from Reunion Island,
which they had visited for information purposes. The officers from the
French war college (in Paris) were accompanied by General Pintor, commander
of the war college and general of the air force division. Seventeen of the
officers were nationals of other countries, including General Ngari of the
Gabonese army. According to the commander general of French forces stationed
in Djibouti, the purpose of this visit was "to acquaint the trainees with the
employment and operations of French troops stationed outside France." Colonel
Ali Maidal Waiss, general chief of staff of the Djibouti army, gave a dinner
in the trainee officers' honor last Sunday at the joint circle of the national
amy, thus giving them an opportunity to meet Djibouti officers. They left
the country for Paris on Tuesday after visiting the whole country by land and
by air. [Text] [Djibouti LA NATION-DJIBOUTI in French 3 Jun 82 p 3] 9855

FRENCH LOAN FOR WATER WORKS--Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
Moumin Bahdon Farah and the director of the central fund for economic cooper-
ation signed a convention about a 13 million French franc loan from the EEC
on Thursday in the foreign minister's office. This loan will enable the water
works administration to modernize and reinforce installations for collecting,
treating and distributing water and will finance a two-part program. Part one
entails the restoration of the installations of the Ambouli pumping station,
the establishment of three extra points, and the equipping of five boring
sites with submerged pumps. Part two entails technical support for the water
works administration to help in prepare a reform of its legal statute and man-
agement. The duration of the loan is 16 years with a 4-year deferral. [Text]
[Djibouti LA NATION-DJIBOUTI in French 3 Jun 82 p 3] 9855

cso: 4719/1059



Communist Party], he was, for the first time, breaking loose from his
moorings with France. However, from 1956 to 1959, the Ivorian leader took
part in the French Government. As a member of the constitutional advisory
committee, he contributed in 1958 to the drawing up of the draft constitu-
tion. He even defended, against all odds, the federalist arguments. But
the defeats which piled up eventually got the better of his enthusiasm. On
3 June 1960, he made this confession: "I have waited in vain on the thres-
hold of federation with my faded flowers."

He, therefore, called for his country's independence, refusing any hybrid
form of French-style "commonwealth." From then on, events followed each
other in rapid succession. On 7 August 1960, the independence of the Ivory
Coast was officially proclaimed. The new state was admitted to the United
Nations a few weeks later, on 20 September 1960, with the double sponsorship
of Tunisia and France. The following 3 November, it granted itself a consti-
tution. According to its Article 69, "The Republic of the Ivory Coast may
conclude agreements of association with other states..It agrees to set up
with these states intergovernmental bodies for joint administration, coordina-
tion and free cooperation."

With the passing years, the foreign policy of this country would appear with
greater clarity. It showed a will for peace, neutrality and cooperation.
President Houphouet-Poigny had the ambition to make of his country an African
Switzerland, in the shelter of which a strong and prosperous state could be
built. To achieve this result, the Ivory Coast would have to be able to
count on preferential bilateral alliances and on appropriate international
organizations.

Preferential Bilateral Relations

Geography demands that the Ivory Coast accommodate itself to its African
partners and make the most of these constraints. The other side of its
foreign policy is the result of a very clear choice: only the West can
effectively assist the Ivory Coast.

The African constraints are of unequal severity. They are stronger with the
bordering states--Liberia, Guinea, Mali, Upper Volta, Ghana--than with the
others.

Two of them--Upper Volta and Mali--supply it with the manpower needed by its
economy. Most of the 2.5 million foreigners in the Ivory Coast are in fact
of Upper Voltan and Malian origin, even if there are also Guineans, Beninese,
Togolese, Ghanaians and Mauritanians.

It is first of all with Upper Volta that the Ivory Coast is condemned to
live on good terms. It has a vital need for its manpower. The recruitment
of this manpower gave rise to a convention, dated 9 March 1960, which itself
followed a first draft signed on 4 April 1959. The extension of the rail-
road from Bobo-Dioulasso to Ouagadougou again heightened the symbiosis be-
tween the two countries. The greater part of Voltan exports, in fact, pass
through the port of Abidjan.

51


APPRENTICING SEEN AS FIRST STEP TO NATIONALIZATION

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 25 Jun 82 p 4

[Article in colum "Comment"]

[text]

cso:

4700/1556

IS the private sector to become an unpaid arm of the Civil Service?
This would seem to be its future if the remarks made by Dr Frede-
rick Shava at the University on Tuesday were correctly reported.

Teseems that the right of an employer to choose his own staff is
to be denied, as Government is to place apprentices of its own
choosing in vacancles in industry. Besides being an unwarranted
intrusion into a private company’s affairs, the possibilities for cor-
ruption the plan represents are frightening.

Not content with this first step on the road to nationalisation —
for how else can It be read — Dr Shava states that training facilities
for adult technicians also must be provided by the private sector,
with the threat that “if they are unwilling, legislation could be in-
troduced to enforce this.””

‘The placing of apprentices by Government is represenved 8s 8
bid to “assist companies” and ‘to avoid any bias.” Who Is to
control the bias of Government is not, of course, stated.

"An enterprise operated by a person or group of persons, at their
own risk, makes its decisions to employ staff on the basis of ability
to perform their work as efficiently as possible. This criterion
applies to a managing director as much as to an apprentice. Such
an enterprise, with an intimate knowledge of its own individual
requirements, Is best able to decide who will become its employees.

vo foist staff on a company, which Is clearly Government's
intention, will reduce yet further the efficiency and productivity,
which has already sagged since the ‘‘no-sacking”” rule was intro-
duced.

"To further require companies to place their production facilities
at the disposal of Government to provide ‘‘practical training”? is
also a step towards the socialisation of Zimbabwe.

“and how much further will Government go? Will they tell com-
panies what general staff they should employ? As jobs are short,
will 2 10% or 20% increase in staffing be required?

Salaries are already controlled, prices are controlled, now the
right to employ is being threatened. Such authoritarian actions will
further inhibit local investment and expansion. As for investment
from overseas, it seem that the Government is unaware of the
damage its policies are wreaking.

‘The private sector is successful because entrepreneurs constantly
adapt to meet changing circumstances, yet Government with its
increasing controls is limiting the freedom of movement which is
essential if private enterprise is to survive.

93

ZIMBABWE



cso:

4700/1519

Harris, are detained, pending
further investigation.

Meanwhile, CID Director
Bangalee Saysay, who earlier
met with CID Zone Commanders
at his Mamba-Point office
Wednesday, cautioned his men
to work harder and re-vita-
lized their efforts in com-
, bating crimes.

72



GOVERNMENT DEPLORES IMPRESSION CREATED BY TWO ACCRA WEEKLIES
Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 26 Jun 82 pp 1, 4

[text] The Government has deplored the impression being created by two
Accra weekly newspapers--THE ECHO and the FREE PRESS--that a cabal of PNDC
members and Secretaries have been meeting secretly to pawn Ghana's
resources to foreign countries and companies,

The government pointed out that a series of editorials by THE ECHO--Sunday,
May 16, Sunday June 20, 1982, the FREE PRESS June 3, 1982--sought to dis-
credit the agreements which the government is negotiating with Libya for oil
supplies and with INTERAGRA of France for the financing of certain national
projects. A statement issued by the Ministry of Information yesterday said
the government deplores the fact that the two papers did not take the
trouble to find out the details concerned with the above issues but rather
sought to misinform the people and discredit the PNDC's genuine efforts to
rehabilitate the economy and win back our economic independence,

It said the government's decision to lift the total volume of 360,000 metric
tonnes of oil at freight of $4.06m for a six-month period as compared to the
same quantity from Nigeria for the period at $1.86 million freight stemmed
from the fact that the former agreement operates on a 360-day credit facility.

With regard to imports from Nigeria, Ghana enjoys only a 90-day credit after
which period the country begins to pay for the oil at an interest rate of
16.31 percent.

The statement pointed out that this means, in effect, that for the same
quantity of oil over the same period of time and taking into consideration
the interest payable, Ghana would pay $12 million more for the oil if the
same had been imported from Nigeria,

According to the statement, the $12m saving thus effectively offsets what
appears to be a freight advantage in buying from Nigeria.

By buying from Libya, therefore, Ghana makes a long-term saving of $9.78 m.

It stated, however: "This does not imply that Ghana by this advantage
intends to stop its existing arrangements with Nigeria especially in the
light of Nigeria's expressed willingness to negotiate the re-scheduling of
payments of Ghana's oil debts which has been outstanding since the Limann
era."

33



PNDC MEMBER SEES NO PROLONGED DEBATE ON REVOLUTION

Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 28 Jun 82 pp 1, 4

[text]

On the question of ideology, the PNDC member observed:
there is any great argument about whether or not we need a political

RIGADIER J. Nunoo-Mensah,

Chief of Defence Staff and
member of the PNDC, has declar-
ed that most of the abuses com-
mitted against the country had
been possible through the active
co-operation or participation of |
Ghanaians. !

He said the country was drag-
ged into the present economic
mess because “we have not been
able to create a nation of true
patriots.”

* Brig. Nunoo-Mensah was speak.
ing at the 14th presidential ball
of the Rotary Club of Accra
West at the Continental “Hotel, |
Accra, at the week-end

He ‘warned that unsavoury re
marks about agreements between
‘he Government and multi.
national cémpanies hurt national
interest and discouraged invest
ors but benefitted detractors.

If the existing agreements

direction on our Revolution,"

were inimical to tne nation’s it
terests, the CDS pointed out, the
appropriate thing was to invite
the companies for negotiations.
Brig. Nunoo-Mensah said there
was the need to improve the
machinery for supervising the
pperations of business concerns
ko ensure that cheating ana stear
ing of resources were eliminated.

The PNDC member noted that
pecause of the economic con
strainis, the society had lost its
sence of direction, and today,
many Ghanaians had lost faith n
inenselves and in their ability to
overcome problems. .

He said the country’s socio”
aconomic and political problems
‘vere so complex and cumber
some that only a careful and
sober examination of them, and
a determined and sustained
effort on the part of all Ghana
ans could see the nation
hrough them.

Do not think that

He said while most people would want to believe that there was the need
for some political direction to ensure some cohesiveness in the collective

approach to the country's problems, there was no need for this prolonged
and unnecessary debate on the issue.

Most people were content with criticizing the PNDC or other state organiza-
tions but no one has so far put forward serious and concrete proposals as
to how the multitude of problems could be solved, he said.

45



which is its third most important customer on the continent, after the South
African Republic and Nigeria.

Politically stable, the Ivory Coast is endowed with a government which is
characterized by the independence of the executive power, concentrated in the
hands of a presedent of the republic elected every 5 years by universal
suffrage. Constantly reelected since his country's accession to independence
Felix Houphouet-Boigny, during his successive terms in office, has been
faced by only a few mishaps along the way, the consequences of which cannot
be compared with those of the coups d'etat or the various attempts at
destabilization suffered by all the border states: Liberia, Guinea, Mali,
Upper Volta and Ghana. On the other hand, the Ivory Coast remains, along
with Guinea, the only state in this entire area that still has a civilian
government, the military having imposed its rule from Monrovia to Bamako,
from Ouagadougou to Accra.

On the economic level, the contrast between the Ivorian microcosm and its
immediate environment is even more striking. The superiority of the Ivory
Coast, in spite of the pessimism that has been developing for the last few
months in economic circles, continues to make it a magnetic pole for all of
western Africa, and thousands of workers are flocking from Niger and Togo,
from Benin and Mali, from Guinea and Ghana, toward the cocoa, banana and
pineapple plantations of the Lower Coast.

For some months, however, an atmosphere of pessimism has been developing in
Ivorian economic circles, especially among the expatriates. It is difficult
to establish how much of this is attributable to the facts and how much
arises from mere rumors in the spread of this deleterious climate favorable
to the birth of antiestablishment movements like the one for which the
University of Abidjan was recently the setting.

On the political level, the problem of the succession, which the main figure
concerned himself refuses to open up, sustains, in spite of everything, the
most fanciful speculations. To those who predict the apocalypse, we may,
however, oppose the argument that providential politicians do not exist in
the Ivory Coast any more than elsewhere. We may, above all, reply that, in
other places on the African continent where power was at least as strongly
personalized as in Abidjan, the succession took place under conditions which
reduced to nothing all the alarmist forecasts. For example, in Kenya and
Senegal, where Arap Moi and Abdou Diouf have, up to the present atleast,
taken over, without any conflict, the legacy left them respectively by

Jomo Kenyatta and, of his own free will, Senghor.

Cooperation with the West
Paris LE MONDE in French 16-17 May 82 pp 5-6

[Article by Edmond Jouve, Director of Political Science Department of the
Sorbonne, Paris I: "A Watchful Ally of the West"]

[Text] When in November 1950, Felix Houphouet-Boigny announced that he was
putting an end to the African Democratic Rally's adherence to the PCF [French

50



cso:

\ Brig. Nunoo-Mensah pointed
3ut that while some form of ap-
nroach might suit other countries
in tackling their problems, it
vould be wrong and suicidal—
as Ghana's own experience had
shown — to import other politi-
eal systems or ideologies with
out any reference to her own
peculiar situation.

The Ghanaian society was rich
in culture and the best thing
to do was to evolve her own
nolitical institutions based on
“our traditional and cultural prac-
tices as a basis for our political
and social revolution.”

He warned that unless the
Government was Mle to mobilize
all the people, irrespective ct
tneir social, political or econo
mic background, “this economic
crusade to move our country to-
wards economic freedom may
prove to be a fallacy. .

“We should take a pragmatic
view of our problems and adopt
practical measures that are like
ly to yield results and _ bring
aconomic prosperity to our peo

4700/1547

46

ple," he declared.

Brig. Nunoo-Mensah made
clear that the Revolution would
only be meaningful if the lot of
the poor and under-privileged
people was improved.

The CDS noted the abject
poverty of most of the people
desperately indeed of basic nr:
cessities of life, and said instead
of spending valuable time look
ng for scape-goats for “our
economic failures, it is about
time we put an end to all the
noise we are making and settle
down to some serious work.” |

He said it was unthinkable to |
imagine that Ghana could deve-|
‘op without private indigenous 0
foreign investments adding tha’
while some of these investors
need to be watched and thei
activities carefully scrutinized,
would be in our economic inte-
rest to welcome all genuine
investors, no matter their political
or ideological background.

“Ultimately, it is the interes’
of Ghana that matters and not
those of any foreign power.” —
GNA.



cso:

sincere and in good faith
in his statement for the
conclusion of peace in
the war-torn Horn of Af-
rica, the Somali Gover-
nment is prepared to
accept the opening of a
constructive dialogue for
a peaceful negotiation in
order to settle the diffe-
rences between the two
countries with view to
solving the cronic prob-
lem of the Horn of Afri-
ca.

4700/1553

75

Therefore, if Col. Men-
gistu really means what
he has released for the
consumption of the inter-
national public opinion,
for motives yet to be
seen, the Somali Govern-
ment here-by invites Col.
Mengistu to indicate the
date and venue of his
choice for the holding
of the meeting.”

SONNA



cso:

4700/1551

To loud applause he said
that “we, as cultured Afri-
kaners, must .refuse to be
shouted down and threatened
and divided because there are
political undercurrents and
‘splits”... - :

“When politicians clash,
they must definitely not ex-
pand that to the general cul-
tural life of the Afrikaner.

“Their motive is, after all,
not the interests or the Afri-
kaner, but selfishness aimed
at ... the gaining of support
for themselves.”

Deploring the “inadequate”
use of Afrikaans in sport and
sporting bodies, he warned
against sport integration, be-

ceause this had “caused dam-
age to our language, further
desecration of Sundays, and
social mixing — three serious
blows to our cultural
pattern”.

Ina strongly worded state-
ment released in Pretoria on
Friday night, Dr Viljoen took
the unusual step of launching
a direct attack on Prof Swart.
one of the leading ver-
krampte contenders for a po-
sition on the AB’s executive.

Dr Viljoen described Prof
Swart’s remarks about the
“selfishness” of politicians as
“arrogant” and added that he
had made “foolish formula-
tions about the relationshi
between the culture and poli-
tics of the Afrikaner”.

Prof Swart had levelled
“unjustified and hurting stabs
at politicians”, Dr Viljoen
said, and he pleaded for unity

85

between cultural and politi-
cal leaders, especially “if
they follow ‘the principle of
true nationalism”.

Prof Swart’s remarks also
flew in the face of remarks
made by the Vice-State Presi-
dent and chairman of the
President's Council, Mr Al-
wyn Schlebusch, when he
opened the congress on Tues-
day night.

eferring to “the mighty
alliance” based on language
between Afrikaners and co-
Joureds, Mr Schlebusch said
language could not be di-
vorced from the attitudes of a
nation.

Afrikaners would thus have
to display a “growing real-
: ism” and a constructively un-

derstanding attitude towar
the coloured people on politi-

cal and socio-econornic
grounds.

But the ATKV and Prof
Swart made it clear they
were not prepared to accept
coloureds as anything other
than distant allies in the
struggle to maintain Afri-
kaans as the exclusive lan-
guage of whites.

* Ina direct warning to the
National Party, the executive
chairman of the ATKV, Mr
Hendrik Conradie — who is
also the publicity manager of
South African Railways —
told the congress: “The cul-
tural heritage of a nation —
that which it claims for itself
Gols, not the property of the
Government or of a single po-
litical party.”



ANOTHER PNDC MEMBER CONFIRMS SETTING UP OF PEOPLE'S TRIBUNALS

Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 28 Jun 82 pp 1, 4

[article by Eluis Arveh]

[Excerpt]

cso:

4700/1547

ANOTHER member of
the PNDC, Mr Chris
Atim, has confirmed the
setting up of People's.
Tribunals Throughout
the country shortly to
mete out “unusual pu-
nishment"’ to counter-
revolutionaries and per-
sons who have com-
mitted “unusual cri-
mes" against the peo-
ple.

He explained that the
decision followed the
failure of the existing law
courts to deal diligently
with cases arising out of
the present revolutio-
nary circumstances.

For instance, Mr Atim.
cited, “the mere admi-
nistration of the PNDC
Rent Law cannot be
done by the courts and
there is therefore the
need to revolutionarise
them.”

He was addressing a
massive rally of chiefs,
workers and people or-
ganised by the workers’
defence committee of
the Oil Palm Research
Centre at Kusi, near
Kade, in the Eastern Re-
gion last Saturday,

The PNDC Member
observed that of late the!
activities of some people
against the revolution
had been on the increa-
se to the indignation of
the masses whom, he
said, had demanded
“more action’

40

Mr Atim also warned
that henceforth any at-'
tack on the POCs would
be deemed as direct at-
tack on the PNOG itself
and such acts would not
be tolerated
| He noted that the
.PDCs had been the
subject of persistent at-
tacks by unscrupulous
businessmen and wo-
men and top manage-
ment officials who had
been hard hit by the ef-
fects of the revolution
and cautioned that any-
body who now question-
ed the legitimacy of the
PDGs instead of taking
them more serious shall
be treated as question-
ing the legitimacy of the
‘PNOC.

Mr Atim disclosed that
PDGs within all border
towns and villages of the
country would soon’
undergo para milita.
training to enable them
Garry out patrol duties
aicrgside the border
gua'' 5 to ensure strict
survaillance of smuggl-
ers and other economic
‘saboteurs.

He advised the people
to be wary of false ru
Mours particularly about
he PNDC and said there
was no such confusion
as being aliedged. No
armoured cars were
missing at Burma Camp
je added.



JPRS 81324

21 July 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2662

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE



Being mindful © of the
lessons of history, the PRC
Government is doing every-
thing possible to bring a
better life to the people.

CONCRETE EXAMPLES

Two senior of ficials of
the National’ Housing Autho-
rity were dismissed few

months ago, for the con-
struction of sub-standard
housing units, which in the
words of Head of State Doe,

would only give rise to

another coup.
A member of the PRC was dis-

‘missed and jailed for

beating a medical doctor;
another was jailed for as-
saulting a journalist, (ELBS
Radio Manager), while yet
another was suspended for
time indefinite for "acts

unbecoming a PRC member."

STERN WARNING

Significantly, upon his
return from his Afro-Asian
visit’ last month, Dr. Doe,
responding to a statement of
support-.and loyalty from the
PRC, told the members: that
the events of April 12, 1980
ushered in a Revolutign, and
not an opportunity for re-
venge. He urged them to be
dedicated to the cause of
the people, and vowed to
suspend any council member
who, went contrary to the
ideals of the Revolution.

The warning was serious
enough for Chairman Doe ‘to
have declared that the PRC
will uphold discipline even
if it will operate with only
two members .

Perhaps this is why the
Chairman considers Major
Stanley C. Tarwo's act of

63

beating-up a teacher as a

defiance of his order that

no PRC .member shoulc take

the law in his own hawds.
GOOD IMAGE

Liberians would be consi-
dered a people of short
memory if the unfavourable
image of the revolution held
by potential investors, and
the international community
during the early days of
the revolution is already
forgotten.

At a time when the economy
is beginning to make a step
forward, it would, be suicidal
to frighten investors away
by engaging anything which
would create tension, per-
sonal insecurity ,and wide-
spread fear.

When the monument of the
heroes and heroines of the
Revolution was dedicated on
April 12, 1981, the then
General Secretary of the
National Redemption Day
Commission, Dr. Abeodu Jones
in remarks, recited a pas-
sage from the Battle Hymn of
the Republic:."my eyes” have
seen the glory of the coming
of the Lord...", and closed
her remarks with the famous
negro spiritual, "free at
last, free at last, thank
God Almighty, we are free at
last."

But one day earlier, de-

-livering the national in-

tercessory sermon, Bishop
Arthur Kula of the United
Methodist.Church warned that
“the hands that liberated us
must not enslave us."

This .is perhaps why the
Council is so keen about the
misconduct of any of its
members. Revolutionary vigi-
lence is what the Council



IVORY COAST

ECONOMIC SITUATION, POLITICAL RELATIONSHIPS EXAMINED
Economic Difficulties
Paris LE MONDE in French 16-17 May 83 p 5
[Article by Philippe Decraene: "The Ivory Coast: A Model Put to the Test"]

[Text] Twenty-two years after its accession to international sovereignty,
the Republic of the Ivory Coast continues to arouse the admiration and praise
of some, the reservations and criticism of others. Presented as a model of
outstanding success achieved within the framework of the free capitalist
system, for which it seems to be a showcase in West Africa, the Ivorian
economic experience is considered with distrust in some so-called progressive
circles. The latter have been predicting for more than two decades the end
of the "Ivorian economic miracle," about which they do not hesitate to speak,
moreover, as "development without growth."

The second stage of the president of the French Republic's first official
trip to black Africa, the Ivory Coast has always been one of the African
partners with which Paris maintained the closest relations.

The Ivorian president has been the first African chief of state to be
received by Mitterrand after his installation in the Elysee. Since then,
Houphouet-Boigny is, of all his African colleagues, the one who has had most
often the opportunity to speak in private with the [French] chief of state.
This situation is explained not only by the personal ties which have united
the two men for 30 years, when as minister for overseas France, Mitterrand,
by permitting Houphouet-Boigny's African Democratic Rally to split off

the French Communist Party, avoided bloody confrontations between Africans
and Frenchmen in all of black Africa.

Cooperation between Paris and Abidjan remains exemplary. Politically, and
especially on African questions as a whole, from Chad to Namibia and from
the Western Sahara to the Horn of Africa, the viewpoints are generally very
close. It is clear that, as in the past, Abidjan, like Dakar, remains one
of the anchors of French policy in the African west. Since independence, the
number of French nationals settled on African territory has increased more
than tenfold; the number of French technical assistants employed in the
country has largely tripled. France remains the No 1 buyer for a country

49



ETHIOPIA

OVER 1,500 KM ROADS BUILT IN KAFFA, ILLUBABOR

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 18 Jun 82 p 1

[Text]

ADDIS ABABA (EH) — hf
line with the unreserved efforts being
exerted by the Revolutionary Gove-
rnment with a view to improving the
overall well-being of the broad mas-
ses, a total of over 1,500 km. all-
weather roads have been constructed

in Kaffa and Tlubabor administra-
tive regions since the upsurge of the
revolution. The total length of roads
in the two regions in pre-revolution
Ethiopia was only 554 km.

This was disclosed by the Informa-
tion and Publie Relations Office of
the Ethiopian Transport Construc-

tion Authority.

The office revealed that of the
total 359 km. roads in Kaffa before
the revolution, 45 km. were asphal-
ted and the remaining 314 km.
- gravelled. On the other hand, of the“
672 km. roads built since the onset

_of the Revolution, 144 km. are as-
phalted and the remaining 528 km.
are gravelled. The fact that these
roads are built in the region that is
renowned for its. production of cof-
fee, which is the main source of the
nation’s foreign exchange earning,

cso: 4700/1517

has an important bearing in the ef-
forts being exerted to realize the
further development of the produ-
ction of this cash crop. Besides, it
also creates conducive conditions for
the development of cattle-breeding
as well as other agricultural activit-
ies, it was learnt.

Of the 192 km. roads in Ilubabor
region before the Revolution, 117
km. were asphalted and the remain-
ing 75 km. were gravelled. In cont-
rast, a total of 403 km. gravelled and
rural feeder roads have been built
over the past eight years, it was point-
ed out. The construction of these
roads will facilitate the full utiliza.
tion of ‘the natural resources of the

_tegion in the interest of the masses.

According to the office, construc-
tion work is going on additional 56
km. Metu-Alge road and 48 km.
Mizan-Tepi road with the close col-
laboration of Cuban comrades and
Ethiopian compatriots. These roads,
which guarantee year-round access to
the coffee growing areas, have a sig
nificant role to play in boosting the
national economy along with realiz-
ing the all-round improvement of the
life of the masses in the two regions.

23


cso:

‘Motherland was bleeding both from
within and without by forces of reac-
tion and aggression, Comrade Chair-
man Mengistu declared, is. unpardon-
able and is an act of betrayal never

to be forgotten.

The Comrade Chairman said that
although the bandits have been deals
crushing blows by the Revolutionary
Army and were driven away from
most of the parts of Eritrea Region,
they have done everything they could
to revive themselved"by being entren-
ched ly in the mountainous
area ‘of the northern part of the Re-
gion.

Today this area is the main scene
of the decisive show down, Comrade
Chairman Mengistu pointed out.

Ever since the launching of the
Red Star Multi-faceted Revolutionary
Campaign on February the 15th, 1982
over half of the secessionist bandits
have been liquidated and mest of
their stronghold is now under’ siege
by the gallant and heroic Revolution
ary Army, the Revolutionary Leader
said, adding that as a result, the long
held hope of the secessionist bandits
who in collaboration with reactionary
forces had tried to undermine the
unity of the country and defied the
compression and forgiveness of the
masses is fading away.

In this life and death encounter,
ithe holding of the secessionist bandits
is undoubtedly shrinking with every

_ passing day. In general the victories

scored so far by the committed heroes,
who would occupy special place in the
history of the on-going struggle to
guarantee the sovereignty: and territo-
rial integrity of the Motherland has

4700/1517

become a source of immense pride,
nor is the sacrifice paid so little,
Comrade Chairman Mengistu said.

Comrade Chaixman Mengistu declar-
ed that there is no question that the
Revolutionary Army, which has a just
cause and enjoys the support of the
broad masses is reigning supreme. The
bandits, on the contrary, are trying to
prolong their existence, counting on
their long years of experience in ban-
ditry and the unabated assistance they
forces, he said.

On the construction aspect of the
Red Star Multi-faceted Revolutionary
Campaign in Eritrea Region, Comrade
Chairman Mengistu pointed out that
many million Birr worth of develop-
ment works have been launched in
three months’ time from February to
April and satisfactory results have
been achieved while secure foundation
for future development ventures have
been laid down,

Comrade Chairman Mengistu said
that a number of service giving insti-

* qutions and establishments in the Re-

19

gion were reactivated and effort is still
continuing to revive other facilities.
Thousands of returnees are being
taken care of and thousands of the
previously unemployed in the Region
were provided with jobs.

In general, the economic and social
life of the people of the Region is
continuing to improve as a result of
the launching of the Red Star Multi-
faceted Revolutionary Campaign, Com-
rade Chairman Mengistu declared.

Following Comrade Chairman Men-
gistu’s Report, the Central Committee
deliberated on its agenda items, ac-
cording to a COPWE spokesman.
These included ' organizational and
ideological matters.

The session continues today.



GABON

FRENCH MINISTER OF CHAD, NAMIBIA, LEBANON
AB101143 Libreville Domestic Service in French 1830 GMT 9 Jul 82

[French Cooperation and Development Minister Cot's press conference in Libre-
ville on 9 July 1982 at the end of his visit—-recorded]

[Excerpts] [Question] Mr Minister, you are winding up your visit to Gabon
during which you conferred with members of the Gabonese cabinet andyou had the
opportunity to visit the interior of the country. Could you take stock of
your visit? Could you take stock of your visit?

[Answer] Well, it is easy to take stock of my visit as it was an official
visit aimed at demonstrating the importance which France gives to its relations
with Gabon and this political aspect was coupled with my personal desire to
visit Gabon. I will make this obseryation: The relations between our two
countries are fundamental and important relations indeed. Wherever I was in
the country, I was able to assess the role of the members of the French cooper-
ation team and the role of French enterprises in the economy. I was also able
to realize that the French here are interested in what they are doing. On the
other hand, I could also see that the Gabonese are making efforts to allow them
to work in the best conditions. That is my first observation as a French min-
ister visiting Gabon. In a nutshell, I can say that it seems to be that the
cooperation between France and Gabon does not have many problems and above

all, the relations between it and Gabon are fundamental to France and hopeful-
ly to Gabon as well. In any case, I will not fail to do whatever is neces-
sary to strengthen these relations.

[Question] Mr Minister, after your tour of the interior, could you give us
precise details on French financial and human participation?

[Answer] I do not have the figures in mind, but I think France's participation
is important, almost in every sector. Our technical cooperation must be aimed
at helping, not at replacing, Gabonese. French cooperation personnel must
prepare Gabonese to take over and actually hand over responsible positions

to them. This is the necessary course are to follow together. In this re-
gard, I believe that the desires of the Gabonese Government coincide with
those of the French Government.

[Question] Mr Minister, what do you believe are the prospects for the French-
Chadian relations in the wake of Hissein Habre's accession to power?

31



was established, with the understanding that its funds would benefit
essentially the Ivory Coast's partners. The Ivory Coast undoubtedly carries
a lot of weight there. However, Houphouet-Boigny claims--not without reason
--to have placed this organization in the field of "economic and social
cooperation, to the exclusion of any political concerns."

The Ivory Coast also holds a position of choice in the CEAO. Established by
a treaty signed on 3 June 1972, it only became really operational in 1976.
A nonagression and aid agreement [ANAD], a solidarity and intervention fund
for the development of the community [Fosidec], an agreement on the free
movement of persons, usefully supplement the first text.

The Ivory Coast is a member of the West African Development Bank [WADB],
established by six states on 14 November 1973. It signed the treaty of 28
May 1975 setting up an Economic Community of the West African States [CEAO].
It is a party, moreover, to the agreement of 25 November 1963 concerning
the Niger River Commission and navigation and transport on the Niger River.

The Ivory Coast also honors organizations with a continental orientation.
Thus, in February 1961, it joined the Economic Commission for Africa. [ECA]
Established by a resolution of 29 April 1958, the ECA aims at becoming "an
instrument for economic cooperation for the bulk of the African territory."
In another field, Abidjan supported the creation of the African and Malagasy
Union [VAM]. The Ivory Coast appears among the 12 states which, on 12
September 1961, at the close of the Tananarive conference, signed the charter
of the UAM. In the continuation of the UAM, Abidjan gave rise to the crea-
tion of the African-Malagasy Common Organization, the result of a treaty
signed at Tananarive on 27 June 1965. On 22 May 1963, the Ivory Coast had
adopted the Addis Ababa charter, creating the OAU.

In many other sectors, the Ivory Coast has taken and is taking initiatives
that are continental in scope. Last February, for example, it welcomed a
symposium devoted to studying the plan for creating an international institu-
tion for advanced studies in development at Yamoussoukro.

The Ivory Coast is not only present in numerous African international organi-
zations, but also in many others bringing together states of the North and
the South. Thus, it belongs to the Cultural and Technical Cooperation Agency,
created in Niamey in 1970. Thus, in February 1975 and in October 1979, it
signed the Lome convention, linking the member countries of the EEC and the
AcP [African, Caribbean and Pacific countries].

In other--more technical--fields, it can be noted that the Ivory Coast is
a member of the Inter-African Organization for the Congo (OAIC), established
in December 1980, and the Cocoa Producers’ Alliance, formed in May 1962.

The foreign policy of the Ivory Coast is organized around some strong ideas
which can be synthesized as follows: neighborly relations with bordering
states; preferencial relationships with the West, in particular France; a
regional and continental policy in the African context.

9434
CSO: 4719/986

55



cso:

COLOREDS OFFER PASSIVE RESISTANCE IN LUEDERITZ

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 5 Jul 82 p 1

[text]

Moreover, negotiations
between a Liideritz delega-
tion and the Chairman of
the Ministers Council Mr
Dirk Mudge last week
ended in-failure.

The Liideritz Committee

appointed to see Mr
Mudge about the steeply
increased rates and taxes in
the town was apparently
told Namibia was in a
depression — not a reces-
sion — and that no conces-
sions could therefore be
made.
* “The Liideritz"Committee
had “wasted its time” in
talking with Mr Mudge last
week, its Chairman Mr
Anton Lubowski said at a
report-back meeting in the
town on Friday night.

Unlike the previous
public meeting in Liideritz
last month, this was more
subdued — as if the resi-
dents had already accepted
their fate.

Mr Lubowski said the
Committee was told by Mr
Mudge that the Peri Urban
Development Board was a
statutory body and that the

4700/1552

AT LEAST 100 residents of Nautillus
Coloured township in Liideritz have cut
their domestic electricity supplies from
the Peri Urban Development Board in
‘protest against higher rates and taxes.

tariff rates and taxes would
remain unchanged.

Increases between 75
and 300 percent were an-
nounced last month.

Whoever approached
the authorities in future
could expect no success,
Mr Lubowski said.

He also warned the peo-
ple of Liideritz that they
could expect rent increases
in the foreseable future. He
said he was told that the
rent for smaller houses in
Nautilus would go up from
R19 to over-R36-a-month.-

Mr Lubowski went on to
say it was easy to shift the
blame onto the depression
but if Liideritzbucht had
received the correct treat-
ment from the beginning —
if more fishing licences
were granted to the town
and if CDM was prepared
to do more — the situation
could be different.

Not only the state, but
also the private sector was
to blame for the state of
affairs, he said.

The Committee was in-
itially told to see the Ex-
ecutive Committee for the

73

NAMIBIA

White Administration but
was told by them they were
not prepared to listen, and
that the Ministers Council

had taken over local
government.

“We waited for three
weeks and this is the

answer we can give you,”
said Mr Lubowski.

- “We tried our best, but
we were kept on a string.”

He said, however, the
Peri Urban Board was
Prepared to listen with a
sympathetic ear to those
who were unable to pay the
increased tariffs.

Another speaker said
despite the high rates,
taxes and tariffs, the town
was still subsidised to the
extent of R895 000.

Meanwhiloe the
electricity of at least 100
houses in the Coloured
township has been cut off
after residents refused to
pay their water and
electricity bills.

“We will have to go
back to the candle and the
paraffin,” a Nantilus resi-
dent told the Advertiser.



ETHIOPIA

WEEKLY WRAP-UP OF NON-ENGLISH PRESS
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 27 Jun 82 p 3
[Article by Dereje Balcha in column 'Views, Comments, Opinions"!

[text] A feature article highlighting the struggle being waged by all
peace-loving forces was underscored by Serto Ader, organ of the Central
Committee of COPWE. The article analysed the characteristic features of the
contemporary epoch which is marked with the continued aggressive posture of
the forces of imperialism, and cited such examples as the aggravated situa-
tion in the Middle East and the recent agreement of NATO member states in
favour of continued militarism.

In contrast, the article noted the positive efforts being exerted by the
forces of peace and progress in general and the socialist countries in
particular, In this regard, mention was made by the message sent by Comrade
Brezhnev to the UN Special Session on Disarmament, It was indicated that
the message included the pledge of the Soviet Union not to be the first to
use nuclear weapons. This was further reinforced with a statement of the
need for limitations on the production and ban on the use of nuclear and
chemical weapons with the view to safeguarding peace.

The article recalled the current peace demonstrations in various parts of
the world, especially the oppositions against the Reagan Administration and
reiterated that they are manifestations of the desire of peoples in all
countries to be saved from the hazards of war. In this regard, the article
cited the recent anti-Reagan demonstration in West Germany in which people
from all parties, trade unions, religious denominations and social sectors
took part, The article noted that among the demands voiced high by the
demonstrators were oppositions to plans for deploying missiles in Western
Europe, the need for the limitation of arms and further strengthening of
the struggle for peace and detente,

Pursuit for Peace
The article stated that these demands were not only of a limited number of
progressive parties or a small number of people in Europe but of the whole

progressive and peace-loving forces of the world. Thus, the recent efforts
of President Reagan has ended in a failure and this is a clear indication

25



It has been officially
stated that large reserves of
coal and other minerals do

“exist in Swaziland though

very little is known about
what is being done to
exploit then.

If we had this council

working at least eight years”

ago, maybe we would not
today have # textile factory
lying idle at Nhlangano.
The sation is still
interested to know what is
happening about this
Project in which
government through
- NIDCS is believed to have
invested thousands of
Today, we, have
numerous ambitious
Projects which would not
have been undertaken in the
first place if there had been
proper planning. Some of
these projects have, either
gone into liquidstion or
+ comtinue to be a burden on |
the country’s economy.
This, as we pointed out

cso: 4700/1549

recently, is the time for us
asa nation to take stock.

economic factors make it
tecessary that we make
what money we have work
more profitable for us.

ts

council, we hope the reports
that it will from time to
time submit to the Prime
Minister will not end up
lying and coHecting dust on
government. departments’
shelves.

‘We have in the past seen
councils and commissions
appointed to investigate
certain issues, but their

reports. have never been
made public.

Even where they were
made —_— public,
recommendations, though
im most cases accepted,
have never been
implemented, despite large
sums of money spent on
them.

For the past three years,
the public has been
patiently awaiting the
publication of the report of
the commission of enquiry
into the misuse of public
funds in government
as well as in parastatal
bodies. :

We sincerely hope this is
not going to be the- case
with reports that the Prime
Minister’s council will be
submitting. .

We also hope that the
council will help rationalise
competition between
NIDCS and Tibiyo Taka
Ngwane Fund and confirm
the economic wisdom of
their present projects.



Idriss Hassan Akadir Secretary representative
Said Ibrahim Badoul Member
Dileita Mohamed Moussa Member
Hassan Ali Daoud Member
Ibrahim Chehem Hassan Member
Mirgan Barkat Houmed Member

Representatives in the National Assembly on Various Executive Boards, Com-
mittees and Commissions

Port Council:

Ahmed Boulaleh Barreh

Kamil Ali Mohamed

Djibouti Electricity:

Moussa Ali Kahin ("Tourtour")

Bourhan Kanano Daoud

Robleh Obsieh Bouh

Real Estate Company:

Said Ibrahim Badoul

Osman Omar Moussa

Post Office and Telecommunications:

Omar Youssouf ("Vincent") (regular member)
Hubert Ismael Bileh (alternate)
Tourism Office:

Ahmed Boulaleh Barreh

Ibrahim Chehem Hassan



FOREIGN MINISTRY ISSUES STATEMENT ON RELATIONS WITH ETHIOPIA

Mogadishu HEEGAN in English 25 Jun 82 pp 2, 6

[text]

‘’ Mogadishu, Thursday -
The Somali Foreign Mi-
nistry on Monday issued
a statement in reply to
an earlier press state-
ment by Col. Mengistu,
Jeader of the . Military

Junta in Addis Ababa,

‘the stataement reads:

"The Somali Govern-
ment has taken note of
the Statement made by
the Head of the Ethio-
pian Colonial regime Col.
Mengistu Haile Mariam
concerning Ethiopia’s
relations with the coun-
tries of the region and
particularly the impro-
vement of relations with
the Somali Dem
ocratic Republic. Col.
Mengistu, in his _ state-
ment, also remarked that
Ethiopia is willing to for-
get what happened in the
past and is prepared to
cooperate for the quest

‘of peace with Somalia.

The Government of

74

the Somali Democratic
Republic is desirous for
peace, stability and good
neighbourliness and tra-
nquility in the Horn of
Africa and already, So-
malia on its part has
made genuine and mea-
ningful efforts in the
pursuit of this objective.
However, unfortunately,
the other principal par-
ty tothe conflict
Ethiopia, instead of res-
ponding to the positive

and sincere gesture of
good-will and coopera-
tion for peace initiative
shown by the Somali Go-
vernment, has so far op-
ted to persist arrogantly
in its aggressive policy
of conflict and confron-
tation there-by threate-
ning regional and interna
tional peace and secu-
rity.

However, this time, if
Col. Mengistu is serious,

SOMALIA



UNIVERSITY APPOINTMENTS SAID TO AUGUR WELL FOR CHANGE
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 Jul 82 p 6
[Editorial]

[Text] WE congratulate the University of the
Witwatersrand on its good fortune in
having men of the calibre of Mr Mike Ro-
sholt, head of Barlow Rand, as Chan-
cellor and Professor Karl Tober as Vice-
Chancellor and Principal.

We wish them both well in their tenure of

fice.

Of the two, the public is familiar with the
name of Mr Rosholt, who is not only
chairman of South Africa’s largest group
of industrial companies but also a busi-
nessman who has been outspoken about
the need for change.

It was coincidence that the day before Mr
Rosholt’s appointment as Chancellor was
announced, he was telling a function in
Cape Town that excessive and unjusti-
fied State intervention in South Africa’s
economy has created a form of socialism
which has put the free market system at

‘Without a free enterprise economy and
the freedom of choice that went with it,

« South Africa could not have a democratic

political system, he said.

‘End controls’

Among the controls which he urged
should be eliminated were:

Restrictions on labour and influx control
which prevented Blacks from exercising
their acquired skills in other geographi-
cal areas; housing regulations which ob-
structed the provision of urgently needed
low cost housing; land tenure, which
specifically prohibited freehold title for
Blacks in urban areas; restrictive licens-
ing regulations, which interfered greatly
with the running of businesses;

The use of certain security laws to inter-

80

SOUTH AFRICA



JWANENG MINE STARTS PRODUCTION IN AUGUST

Gaborone DAILY NEWS in English 22 Jun 82 p 2

[article by Mishingo Mpaphadzil

[Text]

cso:

THE JWANENG MINE is
expected to start production in
August this year, despite the
depression in the sale of
diamonds, said the Minister of
eral Resources and Water
Affairs, Dr Gaositwe Chiepe.
She was addressing Tswapong
South residents this week.

Dr Chiepe said the
Government was aware of the
economic implications likely to
face the new mine at a time
when several countries have
closed their mines, in light of
the current depression affecting
the diamond market.

The Minister said although
Batswana recognised that
mining was inevitably capital
intensive, Government
nevertheless also aimed to
ensure that as much employ-
mentas possible was generated
in that sector. Dr Chiepe further
pointed out that it was
Government policy to tr.
Batswana in the private sector,
in order to reduce and ultimately
eliminate dependency on
expatriates in technical and
managerial positions.

The Minsiter said in the
meantime, production at the
other two diamond mines at
Letlhakane and Orapa has not
been reduced and workforce
remained the same as before.

4700/1550

She said the mine authorities
ing the high profit
gem stones and selling the less
valuable industrial diamonds.

‘Speaking in her capacity as
inister responsible for the
Department of Water Affairs,
Dr Chiepe said “water supplies
are both a direct means of
improving people's life and an
input for agricultural
development.”
ister regretted that
the shortage of water at crucial
times of the year at the lands
was one of the main constraints
in promoting arable farming.

She said given the scattered
nature of ploughing fields, the
borehole drilling was a task.
She said the most appropriate
method of water supply at the
lands should therefore be
confined to wells and catchment
tanks.

In her three-day tour of
‘Tswapong South, the Minster
visitedseveral water springs in
the Tswapong hills and she held
short discussions with village
leaders on how best this
watering points could be
exploited.

Dr Chiepe also briefed the
village on measures the
government had adopted to
relieve Batswana of drought.
BOPA

BOTSWANA



SOUTH AFRICA

HANDELSINSTITUUT CALLS FOR CLARITY ON PC PROPOSALS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 28 Jun 82 p 11

[Text]

CSO:

The Afrikaanse Han-
delsinstituut has
called on the Govern-
ment to take all sec-
tors of the community
into its confidence on
the constitutional
plans.

Mr Jan Horn, Presi-
dent of the Instituut,
said yesterday that the
President’s Council pro-
posals could “not be put
too clearly or too exten-
sively to be sold to the
man in the street.”

The proposals which
were in the pipeline
were vital to the survi-
val of South Africa, and
should be put to the
broad public as clearly
and unequivocably as
possible for maximum
consideration of all
their implications.

It had been clear to
the Instituut for some
time that far-reaching
and drastic reflection

* were needed on South

Africa’s political, econ-
omic and social order of
all its peoples.

This was needed to
normalise race and la-
bour _ relationships,
which was _ vitally
necessary for the
healthy and peaceful
solution of the coun-
try’s economy.

For this reason, and
because of the complex-
ity of the situation, the
Instituut was grateful

4700/1516

to learn that finality
had not yet been reach-
ed on the proposals,
and that they would yet
be considered by the
State and put to the pri-
vate sector for com-
ment.

For this reason, too,
the Instituut back
the urgent call by the
Prime Minister, Mr P W
Botha, that the propo-
sals be approached in
earnest, responsible
‘calm.

“Overhasty criticism,
judgment and comment
would not further this
important matter and
would trouble the dia-
logue that is necessary
between all the groups
concerned,” said Mr
Horn.

The Instituut _be-
lieved that the overall
aim of responsible con-
sideration could best be
achieved if the Govern-
ment itself first went
into the proposals in
depth and then publish-
‘ed its own interpreta-
tion and approval, to-
gether with _ its
comment.

‘And it would not be a
bad idea, either, if ex-
pert opinion were called
in wherever necessary
and possible.

The Instituut had
already made clear its
backing - institutional-
ly and in terms of orga-
nisation — to the
State’s decentralisation

78

policy.

The body appreciated
that there must be an
economic reorientation
in the various geo-
graphic areas, together.
with the granting of du-
ties and powers, to en-
able political and man-
agement powers to be
adjusted properly.

For this reason the
Instituut called on all
its members, and every-
body who was con-
cerned about the wel-
fare of South Africa, to
strive and work for a
peaceful system in the
future which would en-
sure a healthy racial,
social and economic or-
der.
“Emotional consider-
ations and attitudes
must not be allowed to
make people deaf and
blind to this great and
sincere attempt by the
people in power to
make progress at the
highest level towards
the establishment of a
sound constitutional
state in South Africa
for all her peoples,”
said Mr Horn.

The Instituut itself —
as “a non-party politi-
cal organisation” —
would make its own
comments on the pro-
posals in time and after
careful consideration
of “the contents of the
President’s Council
package,” said Mr
Horn.



partnership and free enterprise
with friendly nations,

Swaziland is a member and
signatory to the principles
enshrined in the Charters of
the United Nations, the Orga-
nisation of African Unity and
the Non-Aligned Movement.

Swaziland is also an active
member of the Commonwealth
of Nations. This country was
admitted into membership of
these international organisa-
tions holding in hand its
membership of the Southem
Africa Customs Union and was
accepted as such,

Itis onrecord thatthe border
question between Swaziland
and South Africa dates back to
the last century during the
reign of King Mbandzeni. In
the period from 1910 to 1966,
Swaziland was in frequent
contact with the United King-
dom government on the que-
stion of its borders.

South Africa was also in
contact with the United King-
dom Government.

In 1967 the British Emba-
ssy, at the request of the Swazi
nation, informed the Govern-
ment of South Africa to hold

CSO: 4700/1549

the matter in abeyance, until
Swaziland became independe-
nt.

Accordingly, direct discu-
ssions between the two inde-
pendent states were comme-
need in 1969 - a year after
Swaziland had regained her
independence from the United
Kingdom.

Therefore, the allegation
that Swaziland is being woed
by South Africa into its conste-
lation of states, is not only
wishful and speculative thinki-
ng but a dangerous and deli-
berate attempt to destroy
genuine efforts to maintain
peace and tranquility in Sou-
thern Africa.

Swaziland is a sovereign and
independent state and was
exercising her rights under
international law when she
entered into bilateral nego-
tiations with South Africa over
the question of border adjust-

ments.

Swaziland is a signatory to
the United Nations Convention
for refugees. Swaziland, like

_ any other state, will not allow

her territory to be used as a
base for attacking any of her
neighbours.

89

It must be remembered that
Swaziland under international
law may only provide transit
facilities to genuine political
refugees from any of its imme-
diate neighbouring states.

It must be borne in mind that
since independence Swaziland
has continued, in close consu-
tation with the United Nations
High Commissioner for Refu-
gees, to provide this facility at
great expense and sacrifice.
Everyone concerned knows
this fact:

I wish, therefore, to stress
that the current threats by the
prophets of doom and disunity
are designed to serye these
men’s parochial and selfish
political interests; and are in no
way related to the welfare and
political progress of the blacks
in Southern Africa.

Nor are these pseudo-
politicians concerned with
promoting economic stability
and a political climate condu-
cive to a peaceful resolution of
our complex problems in this
region.

In conclusion, Swaziland is
now ready to welcome back all
her sons and daughters. This
has been the cry of their
parents for years,



For more than ten years
now since the companies
bought the farms, people
allocated with plots have
been more concerned with
the actual acquisition and
politics than maximising food
production.

The picture is strictly clear
from the top of Menengai
Crater, looking down on
Engoshura and Menengai
farms to the north, both
owned by members of the
Nakuru District Ex-Freedom
Fighters Organisation
(NDEFFO).

The scene is that of
‘closely-packed temporary
houses squatting on poorly
cultivated pieces of one and a
half acre plots. On either
side of the two company
farms are vast green farms
with wheat, maize and
livestock.

The two company farms
bought from settlers in the
late sixties were productive
but now carry enough maize,
potatoes, beans and greens’
for home consumption and
few debes for sale.

cso: 4700/1554

| The more than 6,000
members who were originally
allocated the plots have since
multiplied four-fold and
obviously need space.

This situations applies to
many other farms bought by
the 200-odd land buying
companies which have sprung
up in the province.

Other unadulterated farms
in the Rift VAlley Province
may soon experience the
same trend because,
according to Prof. S. Ominde
of the University of Nairobi’s
Institute of Population
Studies, the province has now
the highest rate of inter-
region movement of people
than any other region in the
country.

In other words there are

-more people moving about

the province and into the
province mainly for land and
employment -than any other
area. The fast growth of our
population and. subsequent
pressure of land have sent
thousands of people, par-
ticularly from Cental Province
pouring in the Rift Valley in

57

search of alternative land, and
got it.

Delegates to a provincial
food policy conference held in
Nakuru early this year
expressed concern in this par-
ticular area. In his paper the
Nakuru District Development
Officer, Mr. A. Ajuang, pointed
out that the optimal use of
land in the district was greatly

“set back by the sub-division

of large farms. He urged for a
combined effort by Govern-
ment departments to ensure
that the plots are utilised for
maximum food production.

Addressing a Provincial
Agricultural Board meeting
held later; the Rift Valley,
Provincial Commissioner, Mr.
H. N. Oyugi, warned allottees
of the various Settlement
Fund Trust farms in the
province. The PC warned the
allottees that they must
‘develop the farms. “Failure to
do so will lead to the Govern-
ment reallocating them to
sthe needy landless who are
ready to develop them,” he
said.



with South Africa, starting in 1970, have nevertheless aroused much passion.
On 28 April 1971, he justified his position as follows: "This peace will be
effective only if it is achieved between all African states, including South
Africa...Apartheid is South Africa's problem. It is not by force that its
disappearance from the South African Republic will be assured."

The following 6 October, Blaise N'Dia Koffi, minister of state, and the
Ivorian delegation headed by him, took advantage of a stop at Victoria to
make some unofficial contacts. Some years later--in 1974--Houphouet-Boigny
received Vorster at Yamoussoukro in the greatest secrecy. But a decisive
blow was struck in September 1975. Laurent Dona Fologo, Ivorian minister
of information, made an official visit to South Africa. On that occasion,
he condemned apartheid as follows: "There is at least one poison on this
African continent: that is South African racism." But he also added: "Not
being in agreement does not mean being against dialog." This initiative--
which did not prove to be very productive--did not please everyone, in
particular, Guinea.

Relations with the other countries do not call for lengthy comments. It
should be recalled, however, that the Ivory Coast recognized Biafra in 1968
and helped it in its struggle. Today, however, the Ivory Coast is in the
camp of those who--unlike Mali and Ghana--have not recognized the Sararan
Democratic Arab Republic. Under other circumstances, Abidjan helped to look
for a solution to a conflict between Algeria and Morocco. Thus, in December
1963, the arbitration committee for the Algerian-Moroccan conflict began its
work in Abidjan. The Ivory Coast would have found it difficult to avoid
certain relationships with African countries. On the other hand, its choice
of the West was in no way imposed on it.

A champion of economic liberalism, the Ivory Coast stands aloof from the
socialist countries and plays the game of cooperation with the West. France
is its favored partner. Having become independent, the Ivory Coast wished
to redefine its relations with France. As of 24 April 1961, a treaty and
eight cooperation agreements (one as agreement for technical military
assistance) were signed with France, after which President Houphouet-Boigny
made--from 8 to 10 June 1961--his first official trip to Paris. A short time
later--in July-August 1961--the Ivorian chief of state displayed his talents
as a conciliator in the Bizerte affair. On another equally burning subject-—-
the Algerian question--he declared himself in favor of a peaceful solution.
In a speech made on 15 January 1962, he stated he preferred negotiation to
"sterile condemnations."

Since 1960, the Ivory Coast has been one of the chief beneficiaries of the
economic and military assistance granted by France. Another fact points in
the same direction: in 1979, there were 45,000 Frenchmen living in the
Ivory Coast, that is, three times more than on the date of its independence.

Gradually, however, the cooperation agreements had to be modified or replaced.
On 14 November 1973, new agreements for monetary cooperation were signed.

On 8 October 1976, a convention was concluded in Paris between the Govern-
ment of the French Republic and the Government of the Republic of the Ivory

53



the favourable historical and
natural conditions for the ful-
filment of their common object-
tives and progress are hetter
than conditions in other areas’
— Although both countries face
similar political, economic and
social problems since they are
both developing countries, due
to the points I raised. above and
other factors, the two countries
have wide opportunities to easi-
ly resolve their problems and
make speedy development.”
Comrade Chairman Mengistu point-
de-of the de-

by the messeng-

ed out that the magni
vastation perpetrate

ers of desruction “who had inflicted
and continue to inflict untold des-
truction on our people, using the Sud-
anese territory as a refuge and base of
oprations, is well-known to the Go-
vernment and people of the Sudan.

“In this context, when we. on our
part, invited President Nimeiri to
Ethiopia, we had held serious and con-
structive discussions with him and had
also made efforts to enable him tc
see certain things,” he said.

“Based on the reasons I have gene-
rally enumerated above and other au-
thentic truths, which are supported
by science and ‘history, agreements
were reached to forget all the destruc-
tive activities of the past and to turn

a new page of peace and reconsruc-

tion.

“However, it is obvious that our
people and organization have long been
preoccupied by the fact that most of
the accords were not implemented due
to different reasons, and the continu-
ation of saddening and destructive

15

activities even after the establishment
of these positive and constructive con-
tacts. .

“Nevertheless.
there is no departure from our pre-
vious constructive positions, we be-
lieve that the recent positive develop.
ments in our relations will matcri-

since on our part

alise,” he said.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu state-
ed that Socialist Ethiopia expects that
the agreements reached and the dec-
Jarations made with the view to en-
hance the peace, security and progress
of the two peoples will be implement.
ed, thus providing lasting solution to
all outstanding problems.

“In this respeet we will from time
to time and as appropriate inform our
people of the progress made.and re-
sults achieved,” he said. :

Socialist Consciousness

On the domestic front, Comrade
Chairman Mengistu emphasised in
his Central Report the highlevel of
socialist consciousness of workers and
peasants to boost production and. pro-
mote cooperative farms, the excellent
performances in the pacification and
reconstruction efforts in Eritrea Re-
gion through the Red Star Multi-
faceted Revolutionary Campaign as
well as problems encountered in the
distribution of essential goods such as
shortage of cereals and the ‘overall
picture of economy.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu spe-
cifically reviewed the objective con-
ditions in the organizational, ideolo-
gical and economic aspects as well as
in other important fields. He said

_ that although the charting out of ap-

propriate organizational programme,
strategy and tactic is of crucial im-
portance, this alone is not sufficient.
The leading poltical organization,


PNDC NOTES ROLE OF CHRISTIANS IN REVOLUTION

Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 28 Jun 82 p 5

[text]

cso:

4700/1547

‘HRISTIANITY will be a lost
entity in Ghana if its fol-
lowers remain corrupt and im-
moral, a representative from
he PNDC Secretariat has said
at Suhum.

Addressing a meeting of
priests of spiri‘ual churches,
he said the on-going ‘Holy
Wer would be deemed won
only when the moral decay
vhich gripped the country be-
ore the December 31 revolu-
ion was completely wiped
out.

He said this was the great-
2st challenge facing Christians
and their leaders, acding ‘hat
they had no option Lut to be
‘n the forefront of the revolu-
jon which seeks to uproot
he very evils that Christianity
sreaches against.

The representative said
throughout — Biblical history,
vhenever znd wherever such
Toral Cecay existed, God had
jot spared the rod of a vio-
ant change — a revolution —
‘© save his people from ruin.

The December 31 Revolu.

44

‘on should be seen as a divi-
ye opporunity for Ghanaians
‘o shirk their evil practiccs
he added.

The representative said in
‘he process of up-rovting the
oid orcer, there was bound to
be immense difficulties which
might seem even more daunt-,
ing than what existed before’
the Revolution.

He said these difficulties
were the direct consequence
of the extent of destruction
that took place in the past.

He asked the priests to
rally their large army of fol
lowers behind the Revolution
and preach to them the mes:
sege of unity, love and hones:
ty which, he said, was the
bedrock of the rc. slutionary
process.

The Eastern Regicnal
nizer of the National Co
for Pentecostal Churctice,
Rev O. N. Nii-Amass:h, called
for unity among i
spiritual churches ir
achieve their object
GMA



SEIZURE OF HOARDED FOOD--About 1,860 bags of food items were seized at the
Yendi market during an anti-hoarding exercise organized by the local People's
Defence Committee and security personnel, The items included 370 bags of
guinea corn, 291 bags of maize, 139 bags of groundnuts, 226 bags of beans,
695 bags of millet, 59 bags of dried cassava (kokonte), 50 bags of rice and
28 bags of shea-nuts. According to the chief executive for Eastern Dagomba,
Mr Lawrence Donyuo, the exercise was organized because food sellers were
reluctant to sell some of their items to consumers, He said the seized items
would be retailed to the public, Such institutions as hospitals, prisons
and schools would be given bulk allocations.--GNA [Text] [Accra GHANAIAN
TIMES in English 26 Jun 82 p 1]

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PDCs--A special programme has been drawn up to train
PDCs in border towns and villages to assist in border patrol duties, Mr
Chris Bukari Atim, member of PNDC has announced, Addressing a rally of
workers and people of Kusi in the Eastern Region at the weekend, Mr Atim
said there was the need to establish a mechanism to protect the people's
wealth produced after hard work, He commended the PDCs for being the only
institution which had stood up to fight for the cause of the people and
expose evil-doers in the society, Anyone who questioned the legitimacy
of the PDCs would be deemed to be questioning the very existence of the
PNDC itself, he made it clear, Mr Atim said the PDCs would be given more
powers to enable them to perform their functions more effectively as the
main organ through which the people would take decisions affecting their
own interests, He called on the committees to intensify the education of
the people in the rural areas for better appreciation of demands of the
Revolution. "A well-intended action, if misunderstood by the people, can
be misinterpreted by the enemies of the Revolution to bring the Government
into disrepute," he said. [Excerpt] [Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English

28 Jun 82 pp 1, 3]

CSO: 4700/1547

48



SOMALIA

BRIEFS

MEETING ON BARDHERE DAM--Mogadishu, Thursday--A meeting discussing the
implementation of the Bardere Dam Project was concluded at the People's
Hall here on Tuesday, The meeting, which was opened by the Minister of
Commerce, Jaalle Mohamed Omar Jama, was attended by representatives of the
foreign governments and agencies who will invest in the project namely
Italy, France, the EEC, the Kuwaiti Fund, the Saudi Fund, and the Arab
Fund, The meeting, in which senior officials of the SDR participated, ended
in mutual understanding on all issues raised, The Minister of Commerce,
Jaalle Mohamed Omar Jama, who concluded the meeting, thanked all parties
who partook of the meeting for the systematic way in which they discussed
the ways and means of implementing the project.--SONNA [Text] [Mogadishu
HEEGAN in English 25 Jun 82 p 6]

cso: 4700/1553

77



ETHIOPIA

ORGANIZATION, POLITICIZATION OF PEASANTS DESCRIBED

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 19 Jun 82 pp 2, 7

[Article by Woubetu Taye]

[Text]

Peasants around the world are
thought to be conservative, not prone
to reality accept new ideas, particu-
larly in revolutionary situations which
imbues them with a scientific out-
look. They re often subjected to
backward customs — witchcraft, feu-
dalism, etc. — which makes it ap-
parently more difficult to politicize
them. The high rate of illiteracy is
also a major setback.
Politicization in rural areas had to
be carried out through verbal com-
munication. The standard of the lan-.
guage used, the visual aids and the
presentation of the subject matter are
all decisive. The peasantry having
been forced to live in scattered ham-
lets due to the landholding system,
politicization would have been made
difficult. Most of these isolated villa.
ges could only be reached by foot
tracks. Despite all these hindrances,
the peasants and workers of Ethiopia
were able to accept new ideas within
a short time.

‘With the nationalization of ali rural
lands in February, 1975, and the dec-
laration of socialism as the guiding
philosophy of the popular movement,
the Revolutionary Government. has
been committed to organizing the mas-

10

ses to enable them consolidate their
gains. The psychological warfare,
mostly in the urban centres where
former landlords took refugee, did not
bar the government from dispatching
60,000 teachers, students and men-in-
uniform to rural Ethiopia to organize
and politicize the masses.

The campaigners were successful
in their tasks. Two years of the Zeme-
cha resulted in the successful imple-
mentation of the proclamation natio-
nalizing rural lands. The achievements
were not limited to this. More schools
and clinics were opened.

The sacrifices made by these young
people, whose contribution can be
reviewed in retrospect with satisfaé-"
tion, was not in vain. They laid the
foundations for the organization of
peasants’ associations, helped the ef-
fective two-way flow of goods and ser-
vices and participated in literacy cam-
paigns though on a limited scale.

: Fast Response

Enemies of the Revolution, who
were unable to abate its advance,
launched armed attacks in collusion
with imperialism and reactionary rul-
ing circles. This was three years after
the onset of the popular revolution.

‘A national emergency having been |



Aware of this interdependence, President Houphouet~Boigny proposed, in
November 1964, to draw this inference from it: granting the benefit of
dual nationality to the nationals of the Ivory Coast and Upper Volta, The
project ended abruptly. Feelings, however, cannot be controlled. Since
Col Saye Zerbo's accession to power following the coup d'etat of 25 November
1980, relationships between the two capitals have picked up.

Relations with Bamako present the same characteristic: they are only polite.
Many years ago, however--on 21 January 1963--a treaty of friendship, coopera-
tion and assistance was signed by Mali and the Ivory Coast. It is true that
the Ivorian leaders had been pushed to this by the internal difficulties with
which they were faced.

With two other countries--Guinea and Ghana—-relationships have gone through
many fluctuations during the last 20 years. Today, they tend to "normalize
themselves" because of the dangers which seem--here or there--to come up.

Everything had started quite badly with Guinea, however. Following the "no"
referendum of 28 September 1958, Abidjan lent a hand in putting Conakry into
quarantine. At the same time, it granted facilities to the National Libera-
tion Front of Guinea, opposed to Sekou Toure. However, from 19 October to 2
November 1962, Houphouet-Boigny paid an official visit to Guinea. Following
the overthrow of K. Nkrumah, the Guinean president threatened to go across
the Ivory Coast in order to fight the authors of the putsch.

Some years later, in 1970, hopes were based on an exchange of sports delega-
tions. But one swallow does not make a summer. Better times would have to
be awaited. They would come in 1978: after 20 years of disagreement, the
time for reconciliation had come.

When the -Ivory Coast became independent, Houphouet-Boigny was not on the best
of terms with Nkrumah. It is true that Ghana was encouraging the irredentist
opposition manifesting itself in the Sanwi region. Relationships deteriorated
even further. On 7 May 1965, the Ivorian chief of state was even led to
declare: "I did not leave French rule in order to place our country under
the domination of Mr Kwame Nkrumah, and thus of Ghana." After the latter's
overthrow, the Ghana-Ivory Coast border was reopened on 19 May 1966. The
1972 military coup d'etat put an end to the process of improving Ivoro-
Ghanaian relations. The situation does not appear to have evolved following
the putsch of 31 December 1981. Capt Jerry John Rawlings, in fact, waited
some 20 days to send the usual explanatory mission to the Ivory Coast and
other neighboring countries.

The Liberia of President William Tolbert had scarcely any difficulties with
Houphouet-Boigny. During the latter's official visit to Monrovia, he noted
a wide agreement between the two countries. In 1978, the Ivory Coast joined
its efforts to those of Guinea in order to give military assistance to the
Liberian chief of state in difficulty. Since S Sgt Samuel K. Doe seized

power during the night of 11 to 12 April 1980, relations between the two
capitals have cooled.

Relationships with the other countries of Africa are less decisive for the
Ivory Coast. Those which President Houphouet-Boigny tried to establish

52



IVORY COAST

Economic Situation, Political Relationships Examined

(LE MONDE, 16-17 May 82) ....ssscceeeveeees

Economic Difficulties, by Philippe Decraene
Cooperation With the West, by Edmond Jouve

KENYA

Sub-Division of Land Threatening Food Production
(Chris Musyoka; DAILY NATION, 24 Jun 82)

MP's Absence Causes Lack of Quorum

(Pius Nyamora; DAILY NATION, 26 Jun 82) ...sceescceseeeese

Traditional Jiko Makers' Fears

(Dorothy Kweyu Munyakho; DAILY NATION, 23 Jun 82) .......

LIBERIA

Major Tarwo Suspended

(NEW LIBERIAN, 24 Jun 82) ..ccseccescnceccncecseceesecens

Japan, Liberia Sign Accord
(DAILY OBSERVER, 25 Jun 82) ..ecseeeceeeees

Liberia Aims for Mechanized Farming
(NEW LIBERIAN, 24 Jun 82) ...cseesececeeee

Government To Review Mass Dismissals
(NEW LIBERIAN, 14 Jun 82) ...ceseceeseeeeee

Soldiers Warned Against Extortion

(NEW LIBERIAN, 14 Jun 82) ...cccceccceecccecceeeeenceues

GSA Manager Lands in Jail
(NEW LIBERIAN, 24 Jun 82) ..cseceeceeeeeeee

NAMIBIA

Coloreds Offer Passive Resistance in Luederitz
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 5 Jul 82) .....

SOMALIA

Foreign Ministry Issues Statement on Relations With Ethiopia

(HEEGAN, 25 Jun 82) ..ccccccesecececececeeeuneeeceees

Somalia, Italy Sign Agreements

(HEEGAN, 25 Jun 82) .cccesecesececececeveves

49

56

58

60

62

65

67

69

70

71

73

74

76



GOVERNMENT TO REVIEW MASS DISMISSALS

LIBERIA

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 14 Jun 82 p 1

[Text]

cso:

The Liberian Government
has told the LAMCO Board of
Directors that the social
unrest «caused by laying off

“96 workers would neither be

in the short nor long-term
interest of LAMCO,

This statement was made by
the Liberian
tending a
meeting of

delegation at-

ene-week board
the LAMCO JV
Company in New York, where
the laying off of the 96
LAMCO employees featured
high on the agenda.

The delegation, headed by
Lands, Mines and Energy Mi-'
nister, Dr. Fodee Kromah,
said- that government would
review the laying off issue
thoroughly and come with
plans to resolve it.

The proposal to borrow $17
million to pay dividends to

4700/1519

_vidends would

preferred <~
which
the

stockholders,
also featured high or
agenda of the meeting,

was deferred until the next
board meeting in January
1983.

The Liberian delegation

argued that borrowing money
at this time to pay the di-
increase the
liability of the company
which is already facing
financial constraints.

On the viability of LAMCO
after 1986, the head of the
Liberian delegation dis-
closed that government has
already applied to the
European Economic Community
(EEC) for a loan to conduct
a feasibility study of the
entire company to know how
best it would be operated
after 1986.

69



PEASANTS IN WOLLO COMPLETE TRAINING

ETHIOPIA

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 15 Jun 82 p 3

[Text]

cso:

KOMBOLTCHA (ENA) — Pea
sants selected from the seven provin-
ees of Wollo region graduated here
Sunday as militiamen upon comple-
tion of a two month military and ide-

_ @logical training course at the Kom-
boltcha Militia Centre.

The trained peasants have served
as defence squad members in their
provinces and have discharged their
revolutionary duties through a re-
lentless struggle against counter-
revolutionary elements in the past
eight years.

Training in modern military com-
bat and ideological education was
given to the group by members of
the Central Sector Commend, the re-
gional revolutionary police, the co.
PWE office of Dessie Zuria province
and the political department of the
regional revolutionary police.

The trained militiamen pledged
readiness to pay every sacrifice te
implement the directives of the Re.
volutionary Government and COP-
WE and to stand for the defence of
the gains of the revolution and the
unity and territorial integrity of the
Motherland.

Comrade Nadew Zekarias, COP-
WE Central Committee member and
COPWE representative for Wollo

4700/1517

region, presided over the ceremony
and presented certificates to the
trainees, their instructors, and “to
government agencies, mass organiza-
tions as well as individuals who co-
operated In’ the training programme.

Speaking on the occasion, Com-
rade Nadew emphasized the revolu-
tionary zeal demonstrated by the

masses of Wollo region in the strug-

Ble against external aggression and.in-
ternal reaction.

Comrade Nadew reminded the
militiamen of the revolutionary duty’
to deal once and for all with remna-
nts of reactionary forces by standing
on the side of the revolutionary libe-
ration army.

Earlier, Comrade Assefa Menge-
sha, chief administrator of Wollo re-
gion and COPWE Central Commit-
tee Alternate member, lauded the
effort of the masses of Wollo region
to stamp out ‘reactionary elements,

The trained militiamen demonstra-
ted on the occasion the combat skills
they had sequired from the training
course,

Present at the ceremony held at
the Komboltcha stadium were offi-
cials of govenmental departments in
the region, ranking military officials,
representatives of naass organizations
and residents of Komboltcha town.

24



LIBERIA

LIBERIA AIMS FOR MECHANIZED FARMING
Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 24 Jun 82 pp 1, 6, 8

[Text] The Head of State and Chairman of the People's Redemption Council
C-I-C Samuel K. Doe, has appointed a 13-member Task Force for Agricultural
Production with the mandate to clearly define government's agricultural policy,
work out a strategy for production and effect implementation.

Armed Forces Commanding General, Brigadier General Thomas Quiwonkpa has been
appointed Chairman and the Director General of the Cabinet, G. Baccus Matthews
serving as Co-Chairman.

The task Force will seek to bring mechanization to agriculture and discern
ways and means by which the productive but latent manpower of the military
can be utilized to enhance agricultural output.

It is also designed to ensure that real incentives are provided to Liberians
in other that farming, which is labor intensive would become a meaningful
source of permanent employment.

According to an Executive Mansion release, the move is intended to maximize
rice production so as to gradually reduce our reliance on imports.

Other Members of the Task Force are:

Lt. Col. Joseph Sampson Member, PRC; Col. Jerry Jorwley Member PRC; Captain
Alfred Fromoyan Minister of Agriculture; Colonel Edward Sackor Minister of
Internal Affairs; Major General Albert B.S. Karpeh, Minister of National De-
fencse, Mr. Emmanuel 0. Gardiner Minister of Planning & Economic.

Others are:

Colonel Gray D. Allison Minister of Information; Mr. D. Gborboe Dwanyen Min-
ister of Labour; Mr. Blamoh Nelson Deputy Director General, GSA, Mr. Horatio
Flumoku, Public Relation Officer Foreign Affairs Ministry and Dr. Togba Mc-
Intosh Ministry of Planning & Economic Affairs.

It may be recalled that last October was declared farming month by Head of
State Doe during his meeting with elders from the nine counties and five terri-
tories at the Executive Pavillion.

67



TRADITIONAL JIKO MAKERS’ FEARS

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 23 Jun 82 p 6

[Article by Dorothy Kweyu Munyakho]

(text]

TWO private firms are
currently involved in the
Energy Ministry’s improved
jiko programme amid fears
that thousands of traditional
jiko makers could lose their
means of livelihood to big
business.

The firms, Clayworks Ltd. and
Mabati Ltd., are both members
-of the Kenya Claystove Working
Group, which was formed last
year after the August conference
‘on energy.

The group includes the
Ministry of Energy, the Beijer
Institute, the University of
Nairobi's School of Environmen-
tal Studies, the Department of
Urban and Regional Planning,
the Appropriate Technology
Centre of the Kenyatta Univer-
sity College and Unicef. They
have been meeting under the
chairmanship of Prof. Stuart
Marwick of the University of
Nairobi,

Prototypes

Clayworks and Mabati have a
complementary role in the
manufacture of prototypes of the
improved jiko which has clay
inserts and metal cladding. They
are to supply jointly these
prototypes for field testing — an
exercise intended to reach some
two million families in the next
six months.

According to a spokesman for
Clayworks, the Ministry of
Energy proposes to give the firm
an order for “a few” jikos for field
testing. A verbal order has
already been made to this effect, 1
was told. The initial order is
believed to be for some 2,000 jiko
units.

But according to the United
States Agency for International
Development (USAID), sponsors
to the Ministry's renewable
energy development project, it is
not known how the orders will be
divided between the traditional
makers and the large companies.

USAID wants to be sure that no
one is left out. Programme officer
Mr, William Lefes said: “We are

all aware of the sensitiveness of
starting something new. We know
there exists a community of
artisans,” he added in reply to
fears an estimated 10,000 artisans
could be made jobless.

What are the implications of
full-fledged involvement of the
rivate commercial sector into
jiko making?

Loss of jobs is just one,
according to an Assistant
Environment and Natural
Resources Minister Philip’
Leakey. He feels that nothing
should be done to put these
people out of business.

“If we are talking about
improved jikos and applied
technology, then we should be
helping small jiko makers to
improve their technology and not
take the making to big commer-
“cial firms.”

60

KENYA

However, ‘the political
implications’ of putting small-
scale Kenyans out of business are
tremendous,” Mr. Leakey adds.

From the environment point of
view, the small-scale jiko market,
thriving on scrap metal serves the
role of using waste as basic raw
material. The business operates
on low overheads which keeps
down the costs of jikos.

“Once big. business gets into
this, there is always a danger of
putting prices up and a serious
danger on wananchi’s economy,”
Mr. Leakey says. He also felt that
there was a need to reconsider the

_promotional strategy of the

improved jiko before its practical
launch.

But should public and bilateral
funds be used to promote big
business at the expense of small
artisans, he wonders? The Assis-
tant Minister is actively involved
in the renewable energy projects,
and played a supportive role in
promoting renewables especially
at the Kenya Energy Non-
Governmental Organisations’
Workshop last year.

Mr. Lefes said that USAID was
putting Sh. 4.8 million into the
four-year renewable energy

t, which would start with
efficient use of charcoal.

Although the cooking stoves
are part of the agro-forestry com-
ponent of the renewable energy
project, relatively small amounts
are going into the stoves, T was

USAID has a supervisory role
as to how the Sh. 4.8 million is



semination of Marxism-Leninism,
there is yet room for improvement.
He criticised the circulation system
of the publications which, he noted,
was confined to easily accessible areas
and urged that a wider readership
should be enabled to read the good
tidings of the revolution.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu also
gave a resume of other major posi-
tive accomplishments in the propa-

" ganda dissemination efforts. He said

a series of seminars were sponsored
to familiarise the rank and file of

"the working class with the objective

realities in the country while the se-
cond edition on basic Marxist-Leninist
studies has been distributed for use
hy discussion forums and basic unions
in the country.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu also
underscored the efforts made so far in
‘the production of Marxist-Leninist
books im indigenous languages,

In order to give fair ‘access of
Marxist-Leninst literatures to the
working Reople, ‘translation of import-
ant ideological works has been carried
out with great impact. Six books on
Marxism-Leninism have been trans-
lated into Amharic while seven others
are due to be published, he stated.
Three of the ideological books,in Am-
harie were again translated inte Tigri-
gna for the first time and’ are also
due to be published shortly, the lead-
er of the Ethiopian Revolution dis-
closed.

Translation of works of major im-
portance have been carried out along
the dissemination process and trans-
lation into other Ethiopian languages,
would be given priority, the Comrade
Chairman said.

“One of the major achievements

17

in this field was the translation into
Amharic of the renowned work of
Karl Marx, “Caiptal,” translation of
the first volume of which is in its
final stage while measures have been
taken to speed up the translation of
the remaining volumes, he said.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu under-
scored the importance of political
education and agitation in order to
heighten the awareness of the working
people and placed in nutshell some of
the current difficulties in this regard.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu re-
commended that agitators should have
a thorough knowledge of the pfoblems
and aspirations of’ the working people
and be able ta buggest and identify
solutions to local problems.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu brought
to the attention of the Plenary session
that notwithstanding the inconven-
ience, communists should integrate
themselves with working people. In
this connection, he emphasised that
COPWE should prove its popular
commitment not only with the launch.
ing of its plan of action but conduct-
ing close contacts with the people

themselves.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu also
stressed-the need for strict observance
of discipline and respect to the orga-
nizational rules. He said COPWE
members should exert more effort to
live up to their responsibility and ful-
fill all the ‘required duties expected
of each of them.

_ Economic Issues

Comrade Chairman Mengistu went
on to underline the problem of grain
shortage in the country and also of
unemployment. These problems were
described as ones that inescapably face
the developing world.

The Comrade Chairman noted that



On INTERAGRA, the statement said emphatically that no agreement had been
signed giving that company 80 percent shares in any venture,

It said what had been signed by the government were the agreed minutes after
discussions between Ghana and INTERAGRA.

According to the statement, the company agreed to arrange financing for
80 percent of the estimated cost of the projects in agriculture and the
timber industry.

"Nothing whatsoever was agreed about shareholding," it stated.

The statement added that it must be noted that the Public Agreements Review
Board does not approve agreed minutes.

The government expressed the hope that the trend of journalism displayed by
the two papers would not continue,

cso: 4700/1547

34



Coast relative to the movement of persons. Exchanges of Franco+Ivorian:
letters have taken place in the last few years in order to make some altera-
tions in existing agreements. From 1969 onwards, the cordiality of the
relations was no longer what it had been. But since 10 May 1981, the current,
again, seems to be moving.

Close ties were also formed, for example, with the United States, on the
occasion of visits made on both sides. As early as May 1962, Houphouet-
Boigny made an official trip to the United States. Among the relationships
established since then, mention should be made, among others, of the stay
which took place in the Ivory Coast, from 8 to 11 September 1979, of an
American trade delegation led by Ambassador Young. The United States is also
giving economic and military assistance to the country.

The "dialog" advocated by the Ivory Coast in the national context is thus
also practiced with regard to foreign policy. It is done in a bilateral
fashion, within appropriate international institutions.

Before providing itself with international institutions, Africa convenes
conferences to try to define a common position on the important problems of
the hour. The Ivory Coast set an example by convening, on 24 October 1960,
at Abidjan, a meeting bringing together the chiefs of state of Cameroon,
Congo-Brazzaville, Upper Volta, Niger, Mauritania, Senegal, Dahomey, the
Central African Republic and Chad. ‘Two months later, in December, the
representatives of the same states-~joined by Madagascar--met again in
Brazzaville. In May 1961, the Monrovia conference permitted "reformist"
Africa to set itself up, thus distancing the Ivory Coast from some of its
Casablanca-group neighbors: Guinea, Mali, Ghana, supposedly belonging to
"revolutionary" Africa. Such initiatives led in 1963 to the establishment
of the Organization for African Unity, thanks to the Pan-African Conference
in Addis Ababa, the convening of which was supported by the Ivory Coast.

Continental-Scope Initiatives

But Abidjan was also concerned with opening itself to the world beyond Africa,
with a view to, for example, slowing down or stopping the deterioration in
the price of raw materials. To that end in particular, the Ivory Coast
joined the "Group of 77" and, following the 1973 summit, the nonaligned
movement. It also takes part in numerous international organizations.

Some of these are African. Houphouet-Boigny stated, on several occasions,
that he was in favor of continental unity, but under certain conditions.
Thus, he stated on 15 October 1980: "We wish to have, in all of Africa,
regional economic groups whose close and brotherly cooperation will result
in the rational organization of a true African common market."

Thus, there is room, first of all, for regional organizations. The Ivory
Coast has stamped one of these with its deal: The Entente Council. Abidjan
plays a pivotal role in it. Established on 20 May 1959, with Upper Volta,
Niger and Dahomey, this institution at first appeared to be a replica of the
Mali Federation. In 1966, a Mutual Aid and Secured Loans Fund of the council

54



WEEKLY WRAP-UP OF NON-ENGLISH PRESS

ETHIOPIA

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 20 Jun 82 p 3

[Article by Dereje Balcha in colum "Views, Comments, Opinions"]

[Text]

“An article featured in this week's
issue of Serto Ader, organ of the Cen.
tral Committee of COPWE dwelt
upon the role: trade unions play in
the building of the new socialist eul-
ture, The article began with an eluci-
dation of the fact that among the ma-
Jor. gains attained by countries that
underwent. socialist transformation
are their success in building socialist
economy, and creating conducive con-
ditions for the developing of socialist
culture among the working masses in
general. :

In contrast, the article pointed out
that in pre-socialist societies, the cul-
ture of the working people was sup-
pressed, and the supremacy and deve-
lopment of the culture of the oppres:
sor class prevailed. In this connection,
the article outlined the features of the
socialist culture and underlined the
role the working people in general
should play in the struggle to do away
with retrograde cultural values and
thereby realize the building of the
new progressive culture.

Cultivating the New Culture

20

To this end, the paper highlighted
the role trade unions play in the pro-
eess of cultivating the new culture
and added that trade unions. whose
role was limited to fighting for econo-
mic and basic human rights in pre-
socialist societies, have grown stronger
since the victory of the working class
movement. In this regard, the article
outlined the various spheres of activi-
ties through which the working mas.
ses could heighten their cultural level
and political consciousness, develop
their creative abilities and thereby
maximize their productivity. ©

The article noted the fact that-trade
unions play a significant role in the
enhancement of workers’ contribution
in the economic, political, and social
construction process does not mean
that they substitute the role of the
vanguard political party. It rather
means that they setve as links bet-
ween the workers and the party.

The article underlined the efforts
being exerted in Socialist Ethiopia
with a view to enabling trade unions
play their due role in the on-going
socialist construction process. The on-
going restructuring and reorganization
of AETU and AEPA is aimed at fur-



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

REEF'S FUEL LINE REPAIRED--The oil pipeline damaged in the Scheerpersnek blast
on Monday night was back in operation yesterday as police continued their
hunt for the two saboteurs who belw up the railway pump station in the small
northern Natal town. Repair men worked all out to restore the pipe, which
conveys oil from Durban to the Reef, completing their task by late Tuesday.
A Railway spokesman said the damage had causeda minor delay in the conveyance
of oil. A Railways police spokesman stated: "All we can say at this stage
is that the investigation is proceeding and that we are still looking for
the men believed to be responsible for the explosion." Nobody has, so far,
claimed responsibility for the blast. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 1 Jul 82 p 3]

BLACKS INJURED IN RIOT--Two Black men were wounded and five were arrested
after a riot at a Sebokeng hostel on the West Rand at the weekend. Ten admin-
istration-board inspectors were busy with clearing operations at Hostel E,
Sebokeng, when they found a group of 50 Black men and women in one room. The
inspectors tried to arrest them for trespassing. The group then started throw-
ing bottles at the inspectors. One of the inspectors fired a shot and three
other inspectors were called in to help. The group again started throwing
bottles at the inspectors. Another shot was fired and a 25-year-old and 41-
year-old Black man were wounded. Five men were arrested. The two wounded
men were admitted to the Sebokeng Hospital and their conditions are satisfac-
tory. At the Mtantjengayo reserve, 120 Black men were involved in a faction
fight. Four people were killed and two seriously injured. Members of the
Shozi tribe started firing shots at each other at 5 pm at the Hammersdale
reserve. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 29 Jun 82 p 15]

CsO: 4700/1516

87



MOSLEMS URGED TO UNITE FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 29 Jun 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

4700/1547

THE Ashanti Regional In-
terim Chairman of the
National Moslem Task
Force, has called on
Muslims to unite and tac-
kle economic problems
within thelr capability col-
lectively.

Addressing. a public
rally at Zongo at Bekwai-
Ashanti yesterday, Alhaji
Rasheed Yunus said tha
they could undertake
such activities aseva-
cuating locked-up cocoa
in the Amansie district,
community farming and
helpirig to provide social
facilities like toilet, draina-
ge systems and water.

Alhaji. Yunus told them
that the Government
would only help them
when they start develop-
iment programmes in their’
communities.

He asked them not to
entertain any doubts’
about their pilgrimage to’
Mecca because the Go-
ernment would not deny!
‘them the opportunity.

Mr Kwami Abradu, de-
puty District Chief Execu-
tive for Amansie, called on
the People's Defence
Committee (PDC) at
Bekwai-Ashanti to co-

41

operate with the foodstuff
sellers to find acceptable
food prices for food items.

He warned them to de-:
sist from enforcing price’
control for the foodstutfs,
‘since this could make it
more scarce.

Mr Abradu assured the
Moslems of adequate
supplies of essential items
they would need most
during their Ramadan
fast

They would also be
provided with cement to
undertake minor works on
their Mosque, he added

in his welcome address
Malam Yakubu Audu, the
'Zerinkin Zongo, noted
‘that his people were find-
‘ing it difficult to obtain
"Tand for farming,

The land they had been
cultivating, he said, had
been acquired for the cul-
tivation of oil-palm

MS. D. Alhassan, ma-
gistrate grade two at Fo-
mena, urged the Moslems
to send their children to
public schools at the be-
ginning of the next aca-
demic year so that they
could also benefit from
the educational
system — GNA.



SOUTH AFRICA

DETAINEES FACE TREASON TRIAL
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 14 Jun 82 pl
[Article by Michael Tissong]

[Text] Two detainees, Miss Barbara Anne Hogan and Mr Cedric Radcliffe Mayson,
were today referred to the Supreme Court for trial to face charges of high
treason after being in detention for more than eight months,

Mr Alan Morris Fine, who appeared with them in the Johannesburg Regional Court,
will be charged under the Terrorism Act.

They were remanded by the magistrate, Mr M P Prinsloo, to reappear on June
21 for provisional trial dates.

Miss Hogan (30) of Hunter Street, Yeoville, Mr Mayson (54) of St George's
Street, Bellevue and Mr Fine (26) of Sharp Street, Bellevue, were not asked
to plead.

They appeared with three executive members of the South African Allied Workers!
Union, Mr Thozamile Richard Gqweta, the president, Mr Sam Bekhuyise Kikine,
the general secretary and Mr Sisa James Njikelana, the vice-president.

The three men appeared in connection with allegations under the Terrorism
Act. They were remanded until June 28 for the Attorney-General's decision
on whether or not to prosecute them.

According to the charge sheet, between 1977 and 1981 Mr Fine allegedly conspired
with members of the South African Contress of Trade Unions to further its

aims and objectives--and therefore the aims and objectives of the African
National Congress because these two organisations were closely linked.

The alternative charge was that he unlawfully took part in the activities
of the ANC.

Cso: 4700/1516

82



cso:

After one Tae-Kwon-Do kick the
“Minister said: “I think Honourable
Shikuku was dead right. Personally, I
would not like Standing Orders to be
amended because we are unable to be
here. But at the same time, we must
use our discretion. We can run this

House with one Member if you are.

responsible.

Malicious

“Tf one is malicious, he can use’ the”

law to destroy the nation. Here I am
not referring to Hon. Shikuku. He is
someone, who says that there is no
quorum and then he walks out.

stant Works and Housing
Minister Mr. Nahashon Njuno who
was once declared Boxer of the Year by
wananchi. also felt that the law could
be broken under the guise of discretion

so business could continue without a’

quorum.
“We have only 10 minutes to go and
have about 10 Members, what is the

4700/1554

59

point of saying there is no quorum?” he
asked.

Mr. Njuno got an irrelevant answer
from Chepalungu MP d.K. arap Koech
who was concerned about his people
and their livestock.

He informed the Ministry of
Livestock Development. that the
artificial insemination of cows in his
area was a total failure because the
veterinary officer in Kericho was using
Government drugs and vehicle for his
private business. :

He suggested that artificial
insemination staff should be stationed:
all over the district. _

“Mr. Koech was dead right, too,
although we erroneously referred to
him as Aldai MP Samwel Ng’eny. The
confusion was brought by their
common “J. K, arap,” and we regret the
error.

As MPs continue to hide from the
cold, Livestock ister Paul Ngei
should look at the situation at Kericho.
If he fails, MPs might die of cold —
they need milk in their tea and coffee!



LABOR UNREST AT ANGLO ON INCREASE

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 30 Jun 82 p 8

[Text]

cso:

LABOUR unrest within the
Anglo American group re-
sulted in 342 work stoppages

“iast year.

The corporation’s annual
report says 93 000 of its work-
ers in South Africa were in-
volved in the disputes and
caused stoppages costing
226 000 man- be .

In 1980, 175 000 man-hours
were lost — 51 000 less than
last year.

Cause of the increase in la-
bour unrest, says the report,
may have been the “inevi-

table response to the exten-

sion of the right of collective
bargaining to workers hither-
to denied it.”

“But in part the unrest
may be the consequence of
industrial workers having no
other outlet for their political
grievances.”

On the general welfare of
its staff, the report says prop-
erly integrated wage scales
have been in operation for
some time on De Beers
mines, most industrial com-
panies in its fold and Anglo

4700/1516

83

Americans’s head office.

“On the administered gold
mines, average earnings
have been ‘significantly in-
creased in real terms and
with effect from July 1, will
amount to about R230 a
month for surface workers
and £320 a month for under-
ground

“In all eight job bands the
wages paid exceed the indus-
try average and in most cases
‘— accounting for the bulk of
the workforce — they are the
highest in the industry.

“Nevertheless the corpora-
tion is well aware that the

and relative to what is paid
elsewhere and is convinced
that the mining industry
should continue to improve
wages as far as economic
conditions permit.”

Basic rates paid bottom-
grade workers had increased
by 600 percent since the end
ef 1973, the report said.

SOUTH AFRICA



ETHIOPIA

FACTORS MILITATING AGAINST NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OUTLINED
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 25 Jun 82 pp 1, 5

[text] Addis Ababa (ENA)--Ethiopia is exceptionally endowed with very rich
natural resources and a relatively hard working people, Yet, with all her
natural wealth and diligent people, Ethiopia finds itself among the least
developed countries of the world.

The fact is that natural wealth and manpower potential do not necessarily
account for the development or backwardness of a nation, All least
developed countries are so, not because they are primarily poor in natural
resources but also because they lack other major factors which are account-
able for their present status.

Although it is better left to pertinent experts, a few of the facts which
are responsible for our country to be least developed are worth knowing:
"out-dated production relations system, poor development of production
forces, low productivity, inadequate integration of natural resources and
manpower and the unjudicious use of production" are some of the major
reasons.

The overall backward system in turn resulted in the unbalanced distribution
of wealth and services among the people, While owners of production forces
used the output for extravagant luxury and self-enrichment, the majority of
the people--the working class which is the pillar of the society--was denied
basic necessities,

This injustice is often reflected in a society not only through a stark
disparity of economic status among the people but by the prevalence of major
social problems such as illiteracy, ill-health, unemployment, prostitution,
juvenile delinquency, other social evils, etc.

The overall problem--long-standing and complicated as it is--requires a
sustained and strenuous effort before it is tackled, The series of measures
taken at the onset of the Popular Revolution and later, inter alia, the
agrarian reform, the nationalisation of manufacturing and distributions
complexes and extra houses and urban land, the ongoing Literacy Campaign,
etc, were the milestones in the struggle to achieve social justice,

28



Atteyeh Ismael Wais
Noel Abdi Jean-Paul
Abdallah Chirwa Djibril
Mohamed Adabo Kako
Ali Bileh Robleh

Omar Dabar Fod

Oudoum Hassanle Ali
Wahib Issa Ali

Hubert Ismael Bileh
Dabaleh Ahmed Kassim
Kamil Ali Mohamed
Finance Commission
Dabaleh Ahmed Kassim
Ibrahim Ahmed Bouraleh
Robleh Obsieh Bouh
Mohamed Ali Mohamed
Idriss Harbi Farah
Mohamed Ali Gadile
Dileita Mohamed Moussa
Wais Houmed Wais
Oudoum Hassanle Ali
Abdallah Awad Haidar
Ahmed Boulaleh Barreh

Omar Elmi Kaireh

Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member

Member

President

Vice president
General representative
Party representative
Member

Member

Member

Member

Member

Member

Member

Member



PNDC APPROVES NEW HOUSING PLAN FOR WORKERS

Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 29 Jun 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

4700/1547

THE Provisional National
Defence Council (PNDC)
has approved a new
housing scheme aimed at
solving the acute accom-
modation problem facing
workers.

Workls and Housing
Secretary, Professor Ma-
wuse Dake made this
known when addressing:
executive members of the
People's Defence Com-
mittees (POCs) of the 13
departments under fis
ministry. The Secretary
said a National Housing
Board would be set up to
study the requirements of
each region and allocate
building materials on re-
gional basis.

He said planned estate
houses would be built in
each region and managed
by the Tocal POCs “who
would ensure that the
community gets the ne-
cessary infrastructure.

In addition, a national
housing development
tund would soon be set up
to finance the housing
project and start\with\ go-
vernment grants. institu-
tions like the Bank for
Housing and Construction
and the Social Security
and National insurance
Trust would be expected

43

te contribute towards it.

He said his ministry
would set up a research
and development unit to
collect data on a house
census and to work out
the modalities for efficient
implementation of the
programme.

Prof Dake disclosed
that a law would soon be
passed to make it obliga-
tory for all house owners
and landlords to register
their houses for their va-
lues to be determined.

Landiords whose nou-
ses are above a certain
value would pe requiredio
pay taxes that_woul
Into the housing develop:
ment fund

The Secretary an-
Jounced the Setting up OF
an Urban improvement:
Autnority to upgrade ano
improve facilities at places
like Nima and Ashiaman.

According to Prof Dake
the State Housing Corpo-
ration (SHC) and the
Tema Development Cor-
poration (TDC) would be
re-organised. while the
building departments of
the TOC and the State
Construction Corperation
(SCC) are to be combined
to form a State Construc-
tion Company soon to be
set up. — GNA.

GHANA


DJIBOUTI

REPORTAGE ON MEMBERS OF NEW GOVERNMENT
Composition of Executive Committee

Djibouti LA NATION-DJIBOUTI in French 3 Jun 82, p 1

[Text] Abdoulkader Waberi Askar President

Said Ibrahim Badoul First Vice President
Abdallah Awad Haidar Second Vice President
Mohamed Adabo Kako Secretary Questor
Osman Moussa Omar Secretary

Formation of New Government
Djibouti LA NATION-DJIBOUTI in French 3 Jun 82 p 1
[Test] Outgoing Prime Minister Barkat Gourad Hamadou, who submitted his gov-
ernment 's collective resignation on 25 May following parliamentary elections,
was asked by the president of the republic to form a new government.
Barkat Gourad Hamadou, who is also first vice president of the People's Rally
for Progress, agreed to submit a list of members of the new cabinet as soon as
possible.

Members of Various Commissions

Djibouti LA NATION-DJIBOUTI in French 3 Jun 82 p 3

[Text] Permanent Commission

Ahmed Boulaleh Barreh President
Ali Moussa Hamadou Vice president
Wais Houmed Wais Secretary

3



HOUSING SECRETARY ANNOUNCES PLANNED WORKERS VILLAGES

Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 29 Jun 82 pp 1, 3

[Excerpt]

ORKERS villages have
been planned for
Tema and Achimota, Pro-
fessor Mawuse Dake, Se-
cretary for Works and
Housing, has announced.
Speaking at a workers
forum in Accra yesterday,
Prof. Dake said the pro-
iects would utilize the pro-
ducts of the Prefabricated
Targe Panel Concrete Fac-
tory to build flats that
would give accommodation
to more workers instead of
the present houses which
only benefited the wealthy.
The Secretary said tne
Pretab factory was being
rehabilitated and every
encouragement would be
given to the company to
enable jt to meet the aspi-

csO: 4700/1547

37

xations of the workers.
He hinted that there had
been series of negotiations
with the government and
the USSR to find out how
best the factory could be-
come economically viable
instead of being a “white
elephant” as at now.
Prof. Dake declared: “1
have given the company
two years to wake up from
its slumber and become
alive to its responsibili-
ties to the people or close
down altogether”. .
The Secretary made i
clear that he was not used
to bureaucratic procedures.
All he was | demanding
from agencies under the
Ministry was positive ac-
tion and “I am not going
to compromise on that”.

GHANA



once it has charted out ‘its program-
me, must have members (cadres) who
are committed to make the necessary
sacrifices for its implementation.

The Revolutionary Leader went on
to explain that the task of crganiza-
tion is even more difficult in the
Ethiopian condition where socialism
is being built from a very low level
of development. Organization, he said,
cinvolves the formation of the Patty
which is the pillar for securing a
lasting growth for the revolution.
Hence, he said, the process of Party
formation cannot be seen in isolation
from the strength and capability of
COPWE.. .

As the organizational development
gains momentum and strength the for-
mation of the Party becomes secure
and guaranteed, explained Comrade
Chairman’ Mengistu. It. is in view of
this fact that immense attention has
been given to the process of streng-
thening and increasing the competen-
ce and capability of COPWE, he not-
ed,

In this connection, Comrade Chair-
man Mengistu explained that the
strengthening of COPWE depends on
the extent to which its organizational
structure permeates through the
working people as well as on
the degree of the organizational
and ideological unity among the
masses.

Outlining the achievements in the

organizational field, Comrade Chair.

man Mengistu said that the number
of primary organizations has reached
436 and noted that the number has
been particularly accelerated since the
convening of the Third Regular Ple-
nary Meeting of the CC of COPWE.

This, said Comrade Chairman
Mengistu, was possible because Pri-

16

mary Organizations had been set up
in 97 ‘per cent of the factories admi-
nistered by ‘the state and in all the
state-run farms through comrades
trained at the Political School. He
pointed out that COPWE’s activities
have shown a 200 per cent increase
in the past six months as compared
to the one and half year period prior
to the convening of the Third Regu-
lar Plenary Meeting.

He said that a number of measures
have also been talen by COPWE to
strengthen and restructure anew pro-
fessional associations. He noted that
this was aimed not only to bring
about coherence to workers and peas-
ants’ associations with COPWE and
the Party to Le formed in future but
also to ensure that these associations
would strive for productivity, the well-
being of their members and for the
defence of the revolution.

Propaganda, Agitation
Work -

In’ the propaganda and agitation
work, Comrade Chairman Mengistu
said that considerable emphasis was
put during the last six months more
on the familiarisation of COPWE
members with the documents of the
Third Plenary Meeting of the Com-
mission's Central Committee. The do-
cuments were singularly important in
helping improve the performance of
responsible members as well as in id-
entifying the role, status and contri-
butions of each member, he saidr

About the COPWE Central .Com-
mittee organ, Serto Ader, and the
ideological publication of the com-
mittee, Comrade Chairman Mengistu
observed that although the two regu-
lar publications of COPWE as -well
as the government media organs have
made marked contribution to the dis-



created, a call for the defence of the
Revolutionary Motherland. was made.
The spontaneous response of both the
peasantry and workers was evidence
to the level of political consciousness
attained by the two class allies even at
that early stage. The retarding acti-
vities, of the reactionaries however,
organizational and politicization acti-
vities. Peasants and workers were able
to establish their national organizations
at a time when aggression and at-
tempts at secessionism were at their
highest peak.

Organization of the peasantry at the
association level was not enough to
boost production and improve the life
of the rural masses, The need arose
for the launching of agricultural pro-
ducers’ cooperatives even when there
was not any guideline clearly putting
forward the development stages.

After the defeat of the enemies of
the revolution on all fronts and the

stabilization of the situation at home, .
it was inevitable that more attention -

should be paid to economic reconstruc-
tion followed up with the restructur-
ing and reorganizing of mass organi-
rations.

‘With the founding of the Commis-
sion for Organizing the Party of the”
Working People of Ethiopia (co."
PWE) whose main objectives are the
spreading of Marxism-Leninism and-
guiding the masses towards the forma-
tion of the vanguard party, proclama-
tions have been issued for restructure
ing previously existing mass organize-
tions. The Revolutionary Ethiopia Wo-
men’s Association (REWA) and the
Revolutionary Ethiopia Youth Associa-
tion (REYA) were both organized
within a short time of COPWE's com-
ing into existence.

1

Coop Guideline
The guideline for agricultural pro-
ducers’ cooperatives clearly set the

“stage for the development of the co-

ops which were enunciated to be three:
Malba (primary), Wolba (advanced)
and Woland (Commune). In all, the
establishement of about 900 co-ops
throughout the country within the past
two years is a clear testimony that a
breakthrough is being made.

The governmerit is fulfilling its pro-
mises in providing short and long-term
credit facilities through the spreading
of more bank branches in the rural
areas. It is also supplying sgricultu-
ral inputs at prices lower than in the
market. In some cases, beginning this
crop seasdn, few of the co-ops are in
& position to partially bear the cost of
fuel for machinery and inputs.

Villagization, one of the principles
embodied in the guideline, is gather
ing momentum. The main constraint
at present, however, is the non-avail-
ability of building materials in suffi-
cient quantities. They are either be-
yond the financial means of the or
dinary peasant or of short durability.

Need for R

The forging ahead of the popular
revolution has necessitated the restruc-
turing and reorganization of both the
peasantry and workers to enable them
play their proper role in national econo-
now in full swng will definitely faci-
litate the effective implementation of
the programmes of the Revolutionary
Government and of COPWE. It will
also hasten the founding of the party
and the eradication of illiteracy. The
latter, by improving the reading abil-
ity of the people, will increase the
level of political consciousness. ~

One of the prominent outcome of
the eurrent undertaking is that it will



Briefs
Meeting on Bardhere Dam

SOUTH AFRICA

Handelsinstituut Calls for Clarity on PC Proposals
(THE CITIZEN, 28 Jun 82) ...scesecceeeeee bee eeeeeeeees sees

Not Policy To Keep Names Secret, Says Le Grande
(THE CITIZEN, 29 Jun 82) ..ccccescceeceeeeee been eee eeeeee .

University Appointments Said To Augur Well for Change
(Editorial; THE CITIZEN, 1 Jul 82) ....... detec eeeeeeeeee

Detainees Face Treason Trial
(Michael Tissong; THE STAR, 14 Jun 82) ....scseseeeeeeee see

Labor Unrest at Anglo on Increase
(THE CITIZEN, 30 Jun 82) .ccscccecescccseccsscvesevees see

Conservative Afrikaner Streak Re-Emerging
(Tony Weaver; SUNDAY TIMES, 20 Jun 82) ......seeeeeee eeeee

New Influx Control May Be More Rigid Than Before
(Ivor Wilkins; SUNDAY TIMES, 20 Jun 82) ....sesceeeeeeeees

Briefs
Reef's Fuel Line Repaired
Blacks Injured in Riot

SWAZILAND

Minister Gives Assurances on Border Adjustments
(THE SWAZI OBSERVER, 26 Jun 82) .........45 bbe eee eeeeeenee

Appointment of Economic Advisory Council Hailed
(THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 2 Jul 82) ...ccecseceeceecenceuce

Briefs
Cotton Cash Drop

ZIMBABWE

Apprenticing Seen as First Step to Nationalization
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 25 Jun 82) ..sscssccscvcccceeevecs

Briefs
“Large Salt Deposit
Desert Danger
New Police Chief Named
New Names for Towns

77

78

79

80

82

83

84

86

87

88

90

92



cso

ant fom the Tat
ine ior Me JaD2

. Embassy here described the

agreement as the “meeting of
minds of the two Governments
to enable the Liberian Govern-
ment to provide very demanding
Maternity services to Monrovia's
growing population”. It added
that Japan now regards the pro-
vision of health services as a
“highly important objective” in
her recent economic cooperation
strategy, and hoped that the
agreement would further cement

4700/1519

66

the already friendly:.. and
cooperative relations between
the two nations.

The maternity hospital, now
under construction near the John
F. Kennedy Medical Center in
Monrovia, is expected to be com-
pleted by the end of 1983, accor-
ding to unconfirmed sources
here. When completed, the
sources added, it will be fully
equipped with modern facilities
from Japan, making it opm of the
most.modern medical facilities in
the country.’



ther strengthening the two organiza-
tions, with a view to creating for them
conducive conditions to realize the ul-
timate objectives of the Revolution,

‘the article concluded.

Examination Season

A reminder to students and _perti-
nent bodies at this particular examina:
tion season was the focal point of this
week’s editorial comment by the Oro-
mo language weekly, Barisa. The pa-
per touched upon the role of educa
tion as a tool for promoting the in-
terest of the ruling class and outlined
the situation of education in Ethiopia
prior to and since the upsurge of the
popular revolution. In this regard,
Barisa underlined the efforts being
exerted in Socialist Ethiopia to enable
the student youth fulfil their responsi-
bility in nation-building.

The Oromo language weekly further
stated that now being the end of the
Ethiopian academic year, it should be
borne in mind that students are eager
to see the fruits of their year-long
efforts and that the long summer vw
cation is nearing. With this in view,
the paper pointed out that as for the
results of students, they are based on
their diligent activities over the year,
and stressed that such early prepara-
tions could do away with hectic acti-
vities at the eleventh hour.

In view of the part the organization
of the youth, REYA, plays in mould-
ing the future builders of the nation,
Barisa underlined the efforts being
exerted to enhance this guidance under
the directives given by COPWE. The
paper pointed out certain weaknesses
manifested within the rank of student
youth and concluded that since the
long summer vacation is nearing,
REYA should be in a position to bring

21

the student youth together under the
guidance of COPWE and put their
leisure into worthwhile activities.

Significant Achievements

Two weeklies, that is the Amharic
Yezareitu Ethiopia and the Arabic lan-
guage Al-Alem devoted their editorials
to the current Plenary Session of the
‘Central Committee of the Commission
for Organizing the Party of the Work-
ing People of Ethiopian (COPWE).
Yezareitu recalled the conditions that
necessitated the establishment of CO-
PWE, and highlighted the resolutions
passed during the last three sessions
of COPWE CC on the basis of prevail-
ing ‘local, regional and international
situations, The Amharic weekly ex-
pressed belief that the current session
would chart out strategies in congruen-
ce with the present stage of develop-
ment of the revolution and thereby
realize the attainment of the ultimate

objectives.

Al-Alem on its part underlined the
significant achievements made since
the First Session of COPWE Central
Committee and highlighted such
events as the Multi-faceted Revolution.
ary Red Star Campaign in Eritrea re-
gion, the restructuring and reorganiza-
tion of AETU and AEPA and other
mass organizations. Al-Alem stated
that the successful progress of CO.
PWE's work in the organizational,
political and economic spheres is a
clear indication of the genuine cha-
racter of its line and guarantecs the

* attainment of the ultimate objectives

of the Revolution.

iA report carried by the Amharic
daily, Addis Zemen, revealed that
more than 3,500 elementary school
teachers are to be trained this summer



Social Services Fund:

Mohamed Adabo Kako

Mohamed Ali Bogoreh

Local Pension Fund:

Abdoulkader Ahmed Liban

Mohamed Adabo Kako

Landowners Commission:

Idriss Harbi Farah

Maki Houmed Gaba

Special Commission for the Suspension of Drivers' Licenses:

Moussa Ahmed Osman

Management Committee for the Development of Programs to Equip and Improve the

Highway System:

Ibrahim Ahmed Bouraleh ("China")

Wais Houmed Wais

Public School Fund:

Ali Houmed Sultan

Chideh Abdi Kaireh

Advisory Committee for the Reorientation of Teaching:
Hubert Ismael Bileh

Hassan Omar Mohamed

Management Committee for the Special Assistance and Social Security Fund:
Ali Bileh Robleh

Ali Moussa Hamadou

Committee for Aid to the Victims of National Disasters:
Private Sector:

Omar Dabar Fod



of the fact that working peoples of the world, irrespective of their
geographical and political differences, are determined to intensify the
struggle for world peace,

This same pursuit for peace by Socialist Ethiopia was taken up in an
editorial comment by the Amharic daily, Addis Zemen, The paper underlined
the geunine line pursued by the Ethiopian Revolution with the view to
realizing the well-being of the broad masses and stated that inasmuch as
there are class enemies that do not and cannot recognize this fact, there
are also those who mke futile efforts to undermine the peace efforts made
by our country.

Zemen pointed out the efforts being exerted by Socialist Ethiopia with the
view to consolidating peace in the region and particularly to strengthen
friendly ties with neighbouring countries, The paper made note of the
successful and exemplary results achieved in this line and noted that the
position of the reactionary Mogadisho regime, on the other hand, is a threat
not only to regional but also international peace, This is mainly so because
of the expansionist policy of the Barre regime, This policy runs counter

to the principles of the OAU that thepaper stressed, and went on to say
member countries as well as the organization should not underestimate the
problem created by the expansionists.

The Amharic daily stated that since the Mogadisho regime regularly goes
against the fundamental principles enshrined in the OAU Charter tangible
steps should be taken against this arch enemy of peace and stability in
our continent.

A reader's letter that appeared in the Cultural Column of the same daily
called attention to the harmful cultural practices in some southern adminis-
trative regions of the country. The letter noted that different nationalities
in these regions make burns on the sides of their faces and other parts of
the body,

Deadly Injuries

It also wrote about various kinds of traditional medical practices which end
up with deadly injuries upon the victims and recommended that mass organiza~
tions and health personnel should closely collaborate to do away with such
retrograde cultural practices, The editor of the column noted that there
are the same and similar practices among nationalities throughout the country
and said pertinent authorities should provide the masses with the necessary
education to curb such practices.

Continued Efforts

The fifth anniversary of the establishment of the People's Militia was high-
lighted by the Arabic language weekly, Al-Alem, The paper noted that the
militia which became a genuine force to safeguard the sovereignty of the
Motherland and the gains of the Revolution, was established at a time when
the nation and the Revolution were faced by challenges from external

26



DESERT DANGER~-There is a real danger that large tracts of Zimbabwe could
turn into desert, This was said last night by Professor James Kola Egunjobi,
who led a three-man team on a four-day probe into Zimbabwe's drought and the
danger of encroaching deserts, Professor Egunjobi, a lecturer on ecology

at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria, said he had found "a unique conscious-
ness among Zimbabweans, especially in the communal lands," about the desert
threat. But in most communal lands his team had found an unhealthy situation
arising from overpopulation and excessive cattle grazing. Professor Egunjobi
was attending a reception given by the Minister for Natural Resources and
Tourism, Mrs Victoria Chitepo, The team visited Chihota, Chiweshe and Seke
areas.--Ziana [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 29 Jun 82 p 1]

NEW POLICE CHIEF NAMED--Deputy Commissioner Wiridzayi Nguruve is to become
Zimbabwe's first black Commissioner of Police on Thursday, a spokesman for
the Ministry of Home Affairs announced yesterday, He will take over from Mr
Jack Denley, who is retiring. Mr Nguruve (44), married with six children,
joined the force as a constable in 1960, He was one of the first black
policemen to be promoted to the rank of inspector in 1978, .After attending
the Metropolitan Police Training School at Hendon in England, he was promoted
to assistant commissioner, A holder of the long service medal and the Police
Medal for Meritorious Service, Mr Nguruve was assigned to administration work
at Harare province headquarters, He was soon promoted to senior assistant
commissioner and served in that rank as officer commanding Harare North,
chief staff officer (personnel) and officer commanding Manicaland, Last
month he was promoted to Deputy Commissioner with two other senior assistant
commissioners. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 26 Jun 82 p 1]

NEW NAMES FOR TOWNS--New names for Zimbabwe's cities, towns, smaller centres
and rural councils were gazetted yesterday under the Emergency Powers
(Alteration of Names) Regulations, Not listed were Nyanda for Fort
Victoria, Mandidzudzure (Melsetter), Hwange (Wankie) and Murewa for Mrewa,
while seven previously unaltered names of towns and one rural council were
changed, Mazoe, Umvukwes, Ingezi, Mtepetepa, Urungwe, Zawi and Miami become
Mazowe, Mvurwi, Ngezi, Mutepatppa, Hurungwe, Zave and Mwami respectively,
Bulalima-Mangwe becomes Bulilima-Mangwe rural council, Also gazetted in the
regulation is the free process by which a company can change its name to
reflect the new centre. City, municipal and town councils now adopt the
names of their respective centres, A company can change its name to reflect
the new name of its centre by publishing a notice once in both the Gazette
and the local newspaper. Such a notice must give the intended name, state
that the company intends to apply to the Chief Registrar of Companies for his
approval, and call on interested persons to lodge any representation in
regard to the proposed change of name with the registrar within two weeks.
The registrar, after considering any representations, can then grant or
refuse the application. Deeds and other documents lodged with the Deeds
Registry can also be altered in accordance with the new names at no cost.
[text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 26 Jun 82 p 1]

cso: 4700/1556 END

95



SWAZILAND

MINISTER GIVES ASSURANCES ON BORDER ADJUSTMENTS
Mbabane THE SWAZI OBSERVER in English 26 Jun 82 p 5

[text]

EMPLOYMENT opportunities and the improvement of the living standard of the people in the areas affected
by the border adjustments with South Africa will not be affected. Their social and welfare benefits would not
be affected also, said the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. R.V. Dlamini, ina Government statement on the land
issue deal with South Africa.

Speaking at Lobamba, the
Minister said there would be
no forced movement of people
from the areas where they are.

The text of the Minister's
statement which was the first
official reaction on border
adjustments said:

I wish to refer to the state-
ment made in the South Afri-
can Parliament on May 6 by the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr
R.F. Botha, when replying to
questions asked by members of
Parliament on the Border
Adjustment talks between the
Kingdom of Swaziland and the
Republic of South Africa in
which he said:

“The whole issue should be
seen against the background of
tidying up as far as possible the
legacies of imperialism and
colonialism.

The determination of the
boundaries of Swaziland in the
colonial era of the 19th century
left numerous Swazi tribes
outside Swazi territory, and
this is a fact.

“The Swazis in South Africa
have the same language, cu-
stoms and culture as the Swa-
zis of Swaziland and they
acknowledge the King of Swa-
ziland.”

I could add that as much as
all their chiefs are still reco-
gnised by the King of Swazila-
nd today.

It is in that background that
jthe world should view the
border adjustment talks be-
tween Swaziland and South
Africa.

‘The international communi-
ty should also understand that
in fact there has never been any
mutually recognised bounda-
ries between Swaziland and
South Africa.

What the two countries are
doing, therefore, is to try and
settle this problem amicably,
and thereby heal the wounds
caused by the accidents of
history.

Therefore, the recent sta-
tement made by the Minister
for Co-operation and Develo-
pment, Dr P.G.J. Koornhof, in
which he announced the moves
and steps that have been taken
towards amicably settling the
border adjustment talks be-
tween our two Governments, is
most welcome to His Majesty's
Government and the entire
‘Swazi nation.

Swaziland’s claim to these
lands is based on historical
facts and substantive evide-
ntial documents. The creation
‘of homeland governments over
these areas was a unilateral
decision by South Africa much

88

against the interest of Swazi-
land who protested vehemently
against these acts.

Border adjustment settle-
ment will not affect anybody in
the following:

@ employment opportunities
and the improvement of living
standards of people in the

~ affected areas;

@ social and welfare benefits.

Further, there will be no
forced movement of people
from their present areas.

With the help of our friends
Swaziland has made enviable
economic and industrial deve-
lopment in the last 14 years.
According to the International
Monetary Fund, Swaziland is
one of the very few third world
countries that have a viable
economy.

It is therefore, to be expe-
cted that Swaziland is ready to
tackle this problem as vigoro-
usly and as objectively as she
did when she regained her
independence in 1968.

Along with the economic and

industrial development  pro-

gramme there will be of course
a sustained programme of de-
veloping human resources.

In doing all this the Kingdom
will maintain her policy of open



Executive Board for "Djibouti Airport":
Omar Dabar Fod

Oudoum Hassanle Ali

Prison Surveillance Committee:

Dilleits Mohamed Moussa

National Committee for Aid to Refugees and Victims of Accidents:
Robleh Obsieh Bouh

Waiss Houmed Waiss

National Office for Supplies and Marketing:
Mohamed Dato Mohamed

Abdallah Cirwa Djibril

National Council on Money, Credit and Foreign Trade, located at the Djibouti
National Bank:

Two delegates:

Ajama Djilal Djama

Abdallah Awad Haidar

Executive Board of the Independence Pharmacy:

One delegate:

Hohamed Adabo Kako

Executive Board of the Public Hydrocarbon Institute:
Jean-Paul Abdi Noel

Chideh Abdi Khaire

9855
csO: 4719/1059



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

LARGE SALT DEPOSIT--An unusual place in the southeastern corner of Zimbabwe
has kept a rich secret hidden away from the eyes and ears of the authorities
for nearly a century, The spot, about 10 km long and 5 km wide, is at
Chibuwe South along the eastern basin of the lower Sabi River in Chipinge
district, The secret? The whole area is literally paved with salt. To
all appearances, it is a vast deposit whose miracle is that it has remained
unknown through the years. Inquiries to various ministries produced replies
of ignorance about its existence. A spokesman for the Mining Promotion
Corporation of Zimbabwe said his organisation definitely knew nothing about
it. The Ministry of Trade and Commerce could only refer our inquiry to the
ministries of Mines and Industry and Energy Development, Also saying he knew
nothing about it, the Press liaison officer for the Ministry of Mines said
would try to get a comment from the minister this week, But the deposit
does definitely exist. Following reports, a Sunday Mail team found vast
areas of salt in the area, Confirming the deposit, Chief Janson Chibuwe,

a sub-chief of Paramount Chief Musikavantu, was surprised that the team
drove 450 km from Harare "merely to see our salt." "We have been exploiting
the salt deposit for centuries. It has been here all the time," he said.
"My father, his father before him, his grandfather, great-grandfather and
all the rest of them, found it here. "We have never bought salt in this
area but make our own by methods handed down over generations." Ironically,
inquiries made to relevant industrial sources revealed that Zimbabwe has all
along been importing all the salt consumed in the rest of the country.

"Most of it comes from the Walvis Bay and West Africa," an industrial source
said, Chief Chibuwe and his people genuinely believe that the salt was
deposited in the area by their ancestors for consumption by the local people.
The deposit is situated over the upper reaches of the Dakate River, about
two to three km east of the eastern bank of the lower Sabi, The seasonal
rains dissolve the underground deposit, When the shallow Dakata River bed
dries up in the dry season, it forms a wide, flat plain above which the salt
filters to the surface, Vast, snow-white patches of salt can be seen over
the area during the dry season, Using just their hoes, the local people
collect the top soil which they fill in open drums and soak in water to
dissolve the salt. The salt-saturated water is then boiled to hasten
evaporation and leave the salt to crystallise, Every day the people make
basketfulls for sale at about 10¢ a kg. [Text] [Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in
English 27 Jun 82 p 1]

94



MAJOR TARWO SUSPENDED

LIBERIA

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 24 Jun 82 pp 3, 6

[Text]

' time

The Head of State and '
Chairman of the People's Re-
demption Council, _ C-I-C
Samuel K. Doe, Tuesday sus-

, pended Major Stanley Tarwo,

Member of the Council, for '
indefinite. - He is the
second to get such suspen-
sion in less than 2 month.
The first was Sr. Member
Larry Borteh. :.

The | Commander- In-Chief's
action stems from the beat-
ing up of the principal of
the Ellen Mills Scarborough
School, Monday, by Major
Tar wo.

An Executive Mansion re-
lease quoted the Head of
State as saying such action
is. in complete defiance of
his directive that Council
Members should refrain from
taking the Law in their
hands. He reiterated that
any Council Member acting as
such will be suspended.

Meanwhile, he has ordered
the Councilman to turn over

-all government properties to

the Co-Chairman. .

The "indefinite" suspen-
sion of Major Tarwo onceTM
again demonstrates the rul-
ing council's no nonsense

62

“the people.

approach in instilling dis-
cipline within its ranks.
Observers see.the suspen—
Sion of the PRC member, as
a standing lesson to other
members , that they are, not
lords but rather servants of
It. may be recalled that
immediately after’ the April
12 Revolution another PRC
member was expelled from the
council. and detained for
mauling a Doctor. And in
1981, a senior member nearly
suffered the same fate, for
beating the Radio Manager of.
ELBS. He was given an “inde-
finite" suspension by the
Council and detained.

HISTORY- THE TEACHER *

History teaches that at’
times, liberators tend to
rise too high above the

masses, and assume the “op=
pressor mentality."

When this happens, the peo-
ple become afraid of their
own liberators, and look at
them with curious, suspi-
cious cross-eyes. Confidence
is then eroded, and again
the masses begin to hope for
change.



During this meeting the Head of State, stressed the PRC's commitment and
support for the enhancement of this country's agricultural output.

Consistent with this line, the PRC has made several strides aimed at uplifting
the low level of farming. Head of State Doe not only bent on making empty
promises, donated through the then Ministry of Local Government (now Internal
Affairs) several thousand dollars worth of farming implements to all counties
and territories.

cso: 4700/1519

68



MENGISTU OPENS FOURTH COPWE SESSION

ETHIOPIA

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 19 Jun 82 pp 1, 4

[Text]

ADDIS ABABA (ENA) —
Fourth Regular Plenary Meeting of
the Central Committee of COPWE —
the Commission for Organizing the

Party‘ of the Working People ‘of Ethi--

opta — began yesterday with a pivotal
report by Cémradé Ghairman Men-

The Central Report which appeared
in full in yesterday's special issue of
Serto Ader, organ of the CC of COP-
WE, dwelt at length on the activities
of COPWE in the last two years sinc
the convening of its First historic
Congress. Comrade Chairman Meng:
istu Haile-Mariam, Chairman of the
PMAC and of COPWE and Comman-
der-inChief of the Revolutionary
Army, drew up in his Central Report
an impressive :balance sheet of the

progress of the class struggle towards
assuring the political supremacy of the
working people and the strategies
drawn up by COPWE for further
consolidating the on-going efforts for
a new social order as well as the for-
eign policy of Socialist Ethiopia as
regards good neighbourliness and
world peace.

Comrade Chairman Mengistu said:
“Regarding our concern for ynity,
security and progress of our people,
and our desire for the respect of tle

13

inviolability of our frontiers and na-
tional existence, there has never been
a time when we had considered these
in isolation of the international, con-
tinental and, in particular, of our re-
gional situations which are closely re-
lated or interwoven with them.

“On the basis of such conviction,
the creation of constructive and fa-
vourable conditions whereby our pvo-
ple live in harmony, mutual sympathy
and co-operation with the peoples of
our immediate neighbours, thus en-
suring the peaceful development of
the peoples of the region, is a task to

which we attach importance.

“We say this neither out of pro-
tentions not for the. purpose of a self-
serving interest to gain temporary
peace, We' say this, because, as we are
first and foremost revolutionaries, and
not nationalists, we realise the fact
that the constructive aspirations of
the Ethiopian. people for peace and
progress are also the common aspira-
tions of other peoples.

“Nevertheless, since this goodwill
of ours can only serve the people of
the area when all concerned coordin-
ate their best efforts and contribu.
tions, we are bound to expect our
neighbours to reciprocate to our posi-
tive actions,



Revolutionary Ethiopia has spared no
effort towards solving these problems
and observed that the process is an
essential element of the socialist eco-
nomic programme at work,

Comrade Chairman Mengistu went
on to pdint out that the economic re-
building effort is noteworthy, espe-
cially in Eritrea Region where the se-
paratist gangs have caused almost ir-
reparable damage to life and property.

The Revolutionary Leader said in-
ternational imperialism continues ar-
ming local mercenaries in the service
of the aggressors and invaders on the
nation’s Eastern, Southern and Nor-
thern borders. Imperialist interference
and intervention has been particularly
evident in those parts of the country
where popularly based mass organiza-
tions are active. .

Comrade Chairman Mengistu Haile-
Mariam noted further that Socialist
Ethiopia is being bled'to death in con-
sequence of the enormous sacrifices
being paid in both human and mate-
rial terms in defence of the nation’s
unity and territorial integrity.

Turning back to the economic pro-
blem facing the nation, Comrade
Chairman Mengistu singled out the
grain crop and essential commodity
shortage, in Addis Ababa in particular.
He said the state farms have failed to
live up to expectation in this regard.

The Comrade Chairman also pin-
pointed weaknesses in the industrial
sector of the economy. ,

The shortage of raw materials for
feeding the heavy industry sector of
the economy was particularly indicat-

18

ed as weak points by the Comrade
Chairman,

After elaborating on the economic
sector, Comrade Chairman Mengistu
made particular refererice to the
training of manpower, signalling ‘out
in particular the priority given to the
establishment of a number of train-
ing and research institutions. These
included the Water Development In-
stitute, the Construction Institute, Ani-
mal Husbandry and Veterinary Insti-
tute, the Agricultural and Handicraft
Consumers Co-operative Institute, Fo-
restry Development, Wildlife and Soil
Protection; as well as Wood Technology
Institute and the Mining Institute.

Red Star Campaign ©

In connection with the problem in
Eritrea Region, Comrade Chairman
Mengistu said that the bandits who
have been fomenting unrest in the
Region have in the past been able to
get even the support of a limited num-
ber of foreign progressive forces due
to the seemingly anti-feudal posture
they had adopted during the pre-Revo-
lution Ethiopia. After the upsurge of
the popular revolution, however, the
Revolutionary Leader pointed out,
their false identity was exposed he-
cause they had persisted in sticking to
their old slogan and continued to in-

: tensify their mission as mercenaries.

Every effort and trial was made on
the part of the Revolution to solve
the problem in the Region peacefully,
but the secessionists have shown no
change in theix attitude, Comrade
Chairman Mengistu said, adding that
instead they intensified their activities
from time to time,

In this regard, the atrocities they
had committed at a time when the



GHANA,

BRIEFS

TAKEOVER OF FLOUR MILLS DEMANDED--The People's Defence Committee of the
Takoradi Flour Mills has called on the Government to take over the mill to
save it from total collapse, In a resolution adopted at the inauguration of
the Committee at Takoradi, the workers asked the Government to appoint a
management committee to run the factory, According to a GBC news bulletin,
the workers accused the management of corruption and misuse of company
property and appealed to the PNDC to dissolve the board and interdict the
management staff, They also asked the Government to probe the company's
affairs. According to the PDC chairman, while the workers have no means of
transport to convey them to and from work, the management staff had been
granted loans ranging from ¢120,000 to ¢360,000 to buy saloon cars for
themselves, He said as a result of frustration, majority of the factory's
skilled personnel had resigned. Addressing the workers earlier, a member
of the Co-ordinating Committee of PDCs, Mr Grant, said the flour industry
had become associated with 'kalabule' and therefore called on the workers
to take active interest in the running of the mill in order to check the
malpractices. [Text] [Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 30 Jun 82 p 8]

STONE QUARRY PROJECT DELAYED--The Adaklu Ahunda Stone Quarry which will
supply chippings for all road construction in the Volta Region and elsewhere
in the country will start its trial production next September, Mr Anthony
Fekpe, Managing Director of the Volta Regional Development Corporation
(VORADEC) who disclosed this at the weekend at Adaklu near Ho said the
completion of work on the project was six weeks behind schedule, He was
briefing the deputy secretary of the Ministry of Roads and Highways, Mr
Edward Obeng Donkor, who visited the project site to acquaint himself with
the progress of work, Mr Fekpe attributed the delay in the constructional
work to the problem of securing licence to purchase dynamite for blasting
the rocks, The Volta Regional Secretary, Dr Yao Flagbe who accompanied the
Deputy Secretary said he would ensure that the corporation was issued with

a licence for the dynamite. [Text] [Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English
28 Jun 82 p 1]

47



SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

COTTON CASH DROP--Exports of Swazi cotton have halved since the beginning
of this year, Swaziland's cotton production has suffered from drought,
reducing the cotton farmers’ export crop by more than half, compared with
1981 when it attained a record price of E12,5 million, This has been pointed
out in a statement by the European Economic Community. This drop in produc-
tion will be top of the agenda discussions to be held between EEC's official
Dr Jean Claude Muller and the government. Dr Muller will arrive in the
kingdom this weekend for a four day visit. He will hold discussions with
government, the Cotton Board in Manzini and the Usutu Pulp Company. Dr
Muller is head of the EEC's Stabex division which provides compensation when
export earnings for certain products have fallen due to a drop in price of
production. Cotton production is one of the products covered by the
agreement. According to the EEC statement, there are current discussions
between the EEC and countries in the African Caribbean and Pacific regions
producing wood pulp and citrus to have these covered by Stabex. The state-
ment says: "Under the previous Lome Convention, Swaziland received three
grants amounting to a total of E13 million to help offset the effects of

the run down exports from the iron ore mine." [Text] [Mbabane THE TIMES OF
SWAZILAND in English 2 Jul 82 p 1]

csO: 4700/1549

92



Existing social service institutions would be expanded while new ones would
be set up to provide educational, health and other social services to
children, the disabled, old-age citizens and other needy members of the
society mainly,

Means would be sought to give social security assistance to old-age people
and other dependents while the disabled would be encouraged and assisted
to be independent and productive nationals.

Guidance and advice would be offered to families to help sustain their unity
and thereby avoid the unnecessary repercussions of a broken family,

With means at disposal, programmes and health and recreational resorts
would be prepared for various forms of social drifters.

The implementation of the Ten-year Perspective Plan is not at all an easy
task, Right from the beginning it is met by more than enough problems,

Initially, there is neither a precedence nor an earlier study ever made in
this country to tackle such a problem at a national level, All that was
done to name humanitarian organizations or certain government agencies to
give temporary assistance that would only sustain the situation,

Besides, there is no confirmed knowledge on the nature or magnitude of the
various social problems, the number of people affected by such constraints
and this makes it all the more difficult even how and where to start the
treatment.

Up to the present, there is no single institution which would take
responsibility to launch the war against social problems independently or
even with government and public assistance,

Most serious, the manpower and material resources that this task is to
demand is not easily available, The task, involving the whole nation's
social welfare and dealing with a most complicated issue is indeed going
to be a challenge: and when one remembers the hard times our country has
got to pass through one cannot fail to imagine the challenge ahead,

However, no matter how vast and complicated, the challenge is not insur-
mountable, With perseverance and determination we shall, in unison, over-

come all our difficulties and capture the commanding heights of social
development and progress,

csO: 4700/1555

30



"In this connection, though devastating and very regrettable acts which caused
considerable damage to both countries and peoples were committed due to the
retrogressive views of Siad Barre, the messenger of destruction, and his ac~
complices, on our part even today we have not ceased to seek the ways and means
whereby the wellbeing, peace and progress of the broad masses of the brotherly
people of Somalia could be ensured," the Comrade Chairman added.

As regards the peoples and govern- milar ethnic groups who are
ments of Djibouti, Kenya and the consanguiniously, ‘related by
Sudan, Comrade Chairman Mengistu ethnic origin, languages, vari-
said the Ethiopian people are linked ous customs and traditions.

with them by geography, history, cul-
ture and blood. “The beneficial acti-
vities carried out and the efforts ex-
erted so far to bring much closer these
inseparable peoples, have in our view,
been encouraging,” he said.

~- The people of both countries
drink in common, not only from
the world renowned Great Abay,
but also from many other rivers.
—'Though many negative pheno-
mena at times emanating

“What compels our. political orga- from unfortunate circumstances
nisation and our pople to delve into among themselves and at other
the details of these general scenario times from extrnal pressure or
is the situation obtaining now between other destructive factors were re-
the brotherly peoples of the Sudan gistered in their relations, there
and Ethiopia. are also far more good things

Longst Relations they share in common from the

moment these peoples, who are
bound together by natural and
historical accidents, settled in

“With regard to the peoples of the
Sudan and Ethiopia, I would like,
once again, to reiterate today at this

forum the fundamental points I rais- the area,

ed in Khartoum while conveying the — Instead of dwelling at length on
greetings of the Ethiopian people to these, suffice it for me to men-
the people of the Sudan at the time ‘dion the most conspicuous fea-
when I was invited by my brother, tures only. In spite of the fact
HE. President Gaffar Mohammed that efforts have always been
Nimieri, to address the Regional Con- made to draw a wedge between
gress of the Sudanese Socialist Union _ the two peoples, and to foment
of the Khartoum Region:- . conflicts and mutual destruc-

tion, at the very moment when
such malicious conspiracies are
underway, they pull together,
they love one another, even their
tastes attune to their respective
melodies and music, and the
persistent affinity between the
two peoples has also prevailed.
— Within this expanse of natural Apart from their closeness and

frontiers there live absolutes si- similarities in so many areas,

— If I may start from the respec-

tive geographical position the

’ Sudan and Ethiopia find them-

selves in, I would say, more

than their other neighbours, the

two countries share the longest
frontiers and relations.

14



MP'S ABSENCE CAUSES LACK OF QUORUM

KENYA

Nairobi DAILY NATION in English 26 Jun 82 p 4

[Article by Pius Nyamoral]

[Text]

Parliament. Our MPs are disappearing’
fast.

Not only has the cold hit human
beings but also the once shrilling bell
of the House. The bell is overworked
these days and its sound is turning
hoarse. While human beings are
blaming the change of weather, the
bell is protesting against absentee
MPs.

Lack of a quorum is becoming a
chronic disease. The Speaker, Mr.
Fred Mati, could soon find himself
alone or with a few regular Members
such as Chepalungu MP J.K. arap
Koech; Aldai MP J.K. arap Ng’eny;
the master of Standing Orders, Mr.
Martin Shikuku; the Tae-Kwon-Do
expert, Mr. G.G. Kariuki; the heavily
bearded Wundanyi MP Mashengu wa
Mwachofi and a few other MPs like
Mr. Koigi wa Wamwere.

But they would not form a quorum
to ¢arry on with the business of the
House. Out of the 170 MPs, a quorum
requires only 30 Members excluding
the Member presiding.

This week appeared too cold for
feverish MPs. They locked themselves
either in their homes or the
Honourable Members’ bar or cafeteria
in Parliament Buildings, while the bell
was at pains trying to remind them of
their responsibility.

All the four, sittings of the week
were disrupted by absentee MPs. Some
of them would respond to the bell and
‘once the quorum was formed, they lett
to empty their glasses or cups.

While Assistant Economic Planning
and Development Minister Martin
Shikuku was concerned about the
falling standards, Assistant Industry
Minister Henry Wariithi reckoned he
could legislate singlehandedlv.

HE : Ht a
the country has found its way into

58

Mr. Shikuku got on Mr. Wariithi’s
nerves when the permanent Butere
MP appeared to draw the attention of
the House to the lack of a quorum and
then use the opportunity to walk into
the House like a peacock.

When Mr. Shikuku stood up for the

fifth time on Thursday, alone, to

inform the Deputy Speaker, Mr. Moses
Kiprono arap Keino, that there was no
quorum and thus Standing Order No.
24 was being violated, Mr. Wariithi-
stood up to defend lawlessness.

“The time might come when we

“might, start. misusing these. Standing

Orders,” Mr. Wariithi said. “That
is why sometimes too much
democracy might be ruinous.”

He felt members could use their dis-
cretion to violate the law and continue
business without a quorum. “How do
you talk to an empty House,” Wun-’
‘danyi MP asked and got no answer,

Mr. Shikuku did not take Mr.
Wariithi’s remarks kindly but the old
man of Butere did not curse him. He
knows Mr. Wariithi is as popular in
Mukurweini as he is in Butere. MPs‘
fear they might not see Parliament
again if cursed by Mr. Shikuku. They

have learned from history.

“Is the Hon. Member (Wariithi) in
order to suggest that I am misusing the
"Standing Orders when we are required
to be here?” Mr. Shikuku asked. “He
is paid to be here! And if he is paid, he
should be here!”

Mr, Keino ruled that unless the
Standing Orders were amended, ‘the’
Chair would continue to defend them.”
But he strayed to say that perhaps the’

“time had come for the Standing Order
‘on a quorum to be reviewed.

The Minister for Lands, Settlement
and Physical Planning, Mr. G.G.
Kariuki found himself entangled in
the mess. _



GOVERNMENT URGED TO ABANDON ARMS EMBARGO

Gaborone DAILY NEWS in English 28 Jun 82 p 1

[article by Kwapeng Modikwe]

[text]

IT ISimpossible to fight against
the arms race and therefore
Botswana is fighting a loosing
battle, Kgosi Linchwe II of
Bakgatla told the House of Chiefs
last week Thursday.

He was winding-up the debate
on the motion he had tabled
requesting the Government to
abandon the quota system or
semi embargo on fire-arms in
Botswana, which was later
passed.

The Minister of Public Service
and Information Mr D.K.
Kwelagobe had earlier replied to
the debates saying Government
was more concerned about the
security of the country and would
therefore not want things to go
loose.

He said, the importation of fire
arms and all types of explosives
would be strictly controlled in a
bid to protect human life in the
country.

Mr Kwelagobe noted that if
the Government could not
contro! the importation of fire
arms, more cases arising from
arms could be expected.

Kgosi Linchwe II had argued
that in America it was easier to
obtain arms than in Botswana
and to that effect the Minister
reacted by giving statistical
examples on the crime rate
involving arms in that country.

tn 1979 alone said Mr
Kwelagobe, there were 14 murder

csO: 4700/1550

cases arising from registered
arms in England where the sale
restriction was controlled and
28 in Japan.

In America where everything
was loose, there were more than
10 000 such cases during that
same year.

The Bakgatla Kgosi maintained
that there was the need for every
Motswana to own a rifle for use
at the cattle posts to protect his
cattle against distruction by wild
animals.

He argued that Britain
controlled ownership of arms
because it was surrounded by
islands with nobody being a
threat to its security. With
Botswana he said, the situation
was different because the country
was surrounded by hostile
countries.

He also reiterated that the
police should be armed with war
arms and not with 303 rifles as
seemed to be the case.

He said the police would use
those arms against robbers who
they considered very dangerous.

He complained that in. most
cases the police had been told to
“shoot only on self-defence
against armed robbers and that
is why some policemen are today
lying in hospital.”

He alleged that it was easy for
the elite to own arms while it was
impossible for an ordinary
Motswana to be accorded the

BOTSWANA

same privilege.

He further told the House that
he had a list of people who had
tong applied for arm certificates
but failed to get them.

The Bakgatla Kgosi said he
would understand a case where
somebody was refused with such
permits for good reasons such
as which could arise from
criminal offences.

He noted that security could
only be maintained if the people
had confidence in the Govern-
ment.

Besides that, he observed, even
if the government could ban all
rifles in the country, people would
“import them through the back
door.”

Kgosi Linchwell further argued
that Botswana alone could not
succeed in fighting the arm race
and the “Russians and Americans
have tried but failed in this field.”

‘Several members of the House

had contributed in support of
the motion.

The Specially-Elected Member
Mr K. Motai had alleged that it
was easier for white Batswana to
be given arm certificates and
wondered as to why such
discrimination existed.

‘Mr Kwelagobe then explained
that there was no discrimination
as far as allocation of arm
certificates were concerned and
therefore the allegation was not
true. BOPA



APPOINTMENT OF ECONOMIC ADVISORY COUNCIL HAILED

Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 2 Jul 82 p 1

(Article in colum "Opinion":

[text]

THE appointment of an
independent

the nation will back him too—
—_ for his
eholee of the members of
this comacil.

90

"Economic Reality"]

country’s economy. He has
seem the urgent need for the
“pew industries to be started
bere, |

Problems < - |
"It isto be hoped that such

facing financial problems.
This, in the majority of
cases, is due to poor

The new council will also
advise the Prime Minister
on the most productive
methods of* utilising the
country’s limited resources.

We hope it is going to
closely examine whether the
opening of another coal
mine would not be in the
interest of the country at
Present.

SWAZILAND


COMMITTEE SET UP TO RESTRUCTURE CIVIL SERVICE TOP POSITIONS

Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 29 Jun 82 pp 1, 4

[Article by Wendy Asiama]

(rext]

A SEVEN-MEMBER commifttee has been set
up to restructure the top positions in the civil
service. cee .

‘This followed @ decision’ of PNDC Secretaries at a
recent meeting to examine the role of the Principal
Secretary and his relationship with other top technical-
professional personnel within the service with regard to
structural objectives of the current revolution.

In an interview. a government spokesman stated that
the exercise is aimed at breaking the monopolistic «
advising mechanism at the top.

-This, he said, would make it possible for top officials
other than the Principal Secretaries to advise the
political head and would also prevent the Princical
Secretaries from directing “a one-man show”

The restructuring, the spokesman hinted, would take
the form of designating job descriptions to avoia
Overlapping of responsibility and accountability.

Under its terms of reference the committee will
examine the justification or. otherwise of the Principal
Secretary continuing to play his traditional role as first
line adviser to the political head of the Ministry and
thereby exercising a supervisory role over everyone
else. .

© It will review the traditional role of the principal
secretary in such a,manner as will remove all possibili-

jties of conflict, non=cooperation and dissatisfaction, as
has been the experience with the status quo in many an
“Ins ice.

35

GHANA



PDC WEEKLY ORGAN 'NSAMANKOW' LAUNCHED IN ACCRA
Accra DAILY GRAPHIC in English 26 Jun 82 p 1
[Article by Kofi Yeboah-Algyemang]

[text] A Weekly Review newspaper, "Nsamankow," the organ of the People's
Defence Committees (PDCs) which will serve as the organ of the revolution,
the people's march forward and the mouthpiece for the PDCs has been launched
in Accra.

In a speech at the launching ceremony yesterday, read on behalf of Mr Chris
Atim, a member of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) and chair-
man of the Interim National Coordinating Committee (INCC) by Mr Johnny
Kodjo, Deputy Chairman of the INCC said the aim of the paper is to provide
revolutionary links among the revolutionary people in Ghana, their revolu-
tionary government and to promote the correct development of the revolu-
tionary organs of the people--the PDCs--for the advancement of the 31st
December Revolution.

Nsamankow is being published by the Press information and Educational
Department (PIED) of the INCC with Mr Mustapha Kutana as Editor.

CSO: 4700/1547

38