CAPE VERDE

BRIEFS

AIRPORT PROJECT--Tenders have been called for a $14 million scheme to improve
facilities at Amilcar Cabral international airport on Sal island. Contracts
are expected to be awarded by early 1985. Some funding has already been
agreed with the EEC and the Italian government, and co-financing is also being
considered by West Germany, the International Civil Aviation Organisation and
UN bodies. The civil works will amount to around half the cost and include
redesigning and expanding their terminal building and installing water supply
and electrical systems. The European Development Fund hag made a grant of
$4.8 million for the project. The runway and apron have recently been
improved to cope with a doubling in traffic in the past five years. The air-
port is strategically sited. It serves as a stopover for air cargo between
Europe and South America, with cargo lines serving South America providing
about 30 percent of total traffic. South African Airways flights still
account for most of the passenger traffic, while Cuban troops in transit to
Angola are also important. The airport's annual revenue has risen from

$3 million in 1981 to $5 million last year. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE
JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 11]

cso: 3400/141

13



the time might come when those in a position of power will be forced into
change too late.

Dr Naude said that in the past he had been branded an enemy or traitor of
the people because he had resisted the policy of apartheid. He hopes that
the day will come when the Afrikaner will realize that what he has tried
to do is in the interest of the Afrikaner and of the future of the country.

8700
cso: 3401/39

34



SOUTH AFRICA

CONSERVATIVE CIRCLES SEE PERSISTENT MOZAMBICAN ENMITY
No End to Civil War
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Oct 84 p 1

{Text] The "peace" which has been concluded between the Mozambican government
and the Mozambique Resistance Movement (MNR) through the good offices of the
South African government is a joke.

Just within a few hours after the so called "Declaration of Pretoria" was
announced in the South African capital a leading figure of the MNR in Lisbon
said that the war between the Machel regime continues. Evo Fernandes, the
secretary general of the MNR stated that the events in Pretoria have apparent y
been "misunderstood." No agreement and no cease-fire has been reached with

the Mozambique government; he added that all that has happened is that talks
have been conducted. .

The Fernandes statements have been a serious blow to the South African govern-
ment which has been presenting the "Declaration of Pretoria" as a great diplo-
matic breakthrough. State President P.W. Botha has gone so far as to say that
when historians look back they will no doubt see the year 1984 "stand out as a
milestone." Foreign Minister Pik Botha has labeled the talks as “the most
important 5 days of my career."

However, in rightwing political circles, this so-called "Declaration of Pre-
toria" has been treated with a great deal of skepticism from the very beginning.
The thing that renders this agreement especially suspect is that the MNR is
supposed to have recognized the government of Mozambican President Samora
Machel without having received anything in, return; while to this moment the MNR
has insisted on a coalition government as a condition for the recognition of
the FRELIMO-Government.

It is extremely improbable that the MNR would have made such a significant
concession without a quid pro quo, because the MNR has nearly all trumps in its
hands. The Nkomati Treaty cannot yet go into effect simply because of its
armed actions in Mozambique. Thus, for the past 10 months, it has been impos-
sible to get any power from the Cahora Bassa hydroelectric power station as a
result of sabotage to the power poles. Moreover, no tourists can visit the
country, because it is not safe to travel through it.

30



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

PEASANTS IN DAIRY PROJECT--The British government has given $7.7 million
towards the Rusitu resettlement project near Chimanimani--the largest amount
approved for Zimbabwe under the British resettlement aid scheme. Mr Andy
Bearpark, head of the aid section at the British High Commission in Harare,
said that the donation had come in response to a "specific request" from

the Minister of Lands, Resettlement and Rural Development. It will be used
to purchase 6 900 hectares of land on which 647 peasant farmers will be
resettled. "The whole project is dairy," explained Mr Bearpark, "and milk
from the area will supply the Chipinge dairy. Each of the farmers will
have about seven dairy cows for milking, on a small plot of land. The milk
will be collected regularly by a Dairy Marketing Board tanker and taken to
Chipinge. The money will cover the whole project--the purchase of the land
and the basic infrastructure, for example roads, water supplies schools,
clinics and cattle dips. This will be the thirty-fifth resettlement project
being financed with British aid in Zimbabwe, Mr Bearpark said, and he con-
firmed that it is the largest, and the first dairy project. The agreement was
scheduled to be signed in Harare yesterday. [Text] [Harare THE FINANCIAL
GAZETTE in English 19 Oct 84 p 3]

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES MISSED--Great potential for business with importers in
Mozambique is being ignored by Zimbabwean companies, says Harare businessman,
Mr Roger de Sa, whose company, RHB Import and Export, has in the last eight
months been involved in exports to that country amounting to about $7 million--
all of which were promptly paid for by the Mozambicans. "Too many local com-
panies do not see business with Mozambique as being permanent," said Mr de Sa.
"But our relationship with them is immaculate. They are eager to push as much
business as possible through Zimbabwe and there have been absolutely no prob-
lems with payment. Unfortunately, this enthusiasm is not shared by Zimbabwean
businessmen. It is time that we started taking Mozambique seriously as a trad-
ing partner and look for opportunities to replace imports from elsewhere with
those from that country." RHB was directly involved in exports to Mozambique
totalling $2 million over the last eight months. The remaining $5 million

was exported by "several large Zimbabwean companies," he continued, with RHB
as their consultant and representative. The bulk of the goods exported were
steel products and consumer goods. RHB plans to open an office in Maputo next
year because of the potential for Zimbabwe to import such items as fish and
timber from Mozambique. The company is currently negotiating for another $2
million of exports to that country. Regarding his company's consultancy work,
Mr de Sa said that RHB advises on documentation, export formalities and payment
procedures. It is also doing business with Angola and with Portugal. [Text]
{Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 19 Oct 84 p 11]

cso: 3400/154 END
85



SOUTH AFRICA

RESOLVING PROBLEMS OF CAPE SQUATTER CAMPS
Permanent Residency for Blacks
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 26 Sep 84 p 16

[Text] The unanimous congressional decision of Cape Province Nationalists
to accept the permanence of certain Blacks in Western Cape Province is

a courageous recognition that those who are in politics are faced with
realities that they cannot avoid, however much they would have it be other-
wise.

Such recognition does not mean the world around you is about to collapse.
On the contrary, it often puts you in a position to get a more realistic
grip on problems which are so preplexing to you.

That the presence of Blacks in Western Cape Province has already given
rise to severe perplexity cannot be denied.

The history of the squatter camp Kruispad has, all by itself, become

a real headache for all of South Africa. On the international level, the
response has been that it has become a symbol of an alleged insensitive,

inhuman government which would snatch away peoples' homemade shelters in

winter's rainy weather.

The world's loud protest over happenings in Kruispad is not something which
can be laughed off.

It is linked to a perception which South Africa cannot change: a worldwide
convinction that forced mass relocations are eveil.

The perception has evolved out of the atrocities of Lenin, Stalin, and
Hitler earlier in the century. A contemporary history author labels it

as the "most radical vice" of the twentieth century: social engineering--
the idea that human beings can be tossed around at will.

Naturally this perception is strong in western countries which were and

are in conflict with Germany and Russia--and these are precisely the
countries South Africa cannot loosen ties with, even though it would like

to. These nations are its biggest trading partners and the countries
which can and must make the greatest investment in order to help South AFrica
overcome its.problems.

39



DROUGHT SITUATION DETERIORATING

Gaborone BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS in English 22 Oct 84 pl

[Text]

cso;

GABORONE, October

There was an increase of over
42 000 beneficiaries of the
drought relief programme
between January and March
this year, according to the
quarterly progress report of
the World Food Programme.

3400/170

According to the report,
the drought situation
continues to deteriorate,
especially in the rural areas
where the beneficiaries have
increased by eight per cent
from 539 082 to 581 808.

The report states that the
droughtrelief programme was
scheduled to phase out by
June 1984 if harvest yields
improved, but there were no
signsof improvement because
of lack of rainfall.

Temperatures during
January and February were
so high that the crops planted
during November shrivelled,
and the seeds planted by
farmers later did not
germinate.

The report also noted that
between January and March
there were heavy rains in the
North East and along the
railway line, and that in
Mahalapye farmers lost their
crops asa result of the floods.

During this period there
were also no changes in the

operation of the drought relief
food management throughout
the country, and the
programme did notencounter
any problems regarding the
distribution of food stuff to
the various centres.

The report further states
that the department
purchased 10 tarpaulins
which were used to cover
food stuff outside the
warehouses. .

The current report also
showed an increase in losses
but commodities arrived in
good condition.

‘According to statistics in
the report, beneficiaries
included 21815 pregnant
mothers, 50 411 lactating
mothers, 187 962 under-
nourished pre-school
children, 68550 under-
nourished children between
the ages of 6 and 10 and
9 682 TB outpatients.

The total number of
destitutes benefitting from the
programme was 34 914,

BOTSWANA



SOUTH AFRICA

PROSPECTS OF FARMERS UNION
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 26 Oct 84 p 12
[Editorial]

[Text] Our farmers ate no longer merely a bunch of complainers. Advances

and arrears, rebates and subsidies, increasing operation costs and a ceaseless
plea for state aid were no longer priority matters at this week's congress

of the South African Agricultural Union here in Pretoria. Most of it was
aimed at searching for solutions which pertain to agriculture, and the view
was toward the future.

Some of the many rational views at the congress were that our farmers, besides
having a hard time, also have learned certain lessons from the draught of
the past few years. :

Matters such as the optimal utilization of land, the withdrawal of farming
where the soil potential is undesirable, and the high debt after the draught
received a lot of attention. So did the possible creation of a fund which
will enable agriculture in times of need to look after itself instead of
counting on state aid.

The state, of course, cannot separate itself completely from farming. For
that the industry has become much too important in a country which is in-
creasingly dependent on itself for food production. The SA Agricultural
Union and its local associations are precisely the administrative tools of

the farming community which must serve as links between the industry and

the state. In this respect, the national agricultural organization has gener-
ally acted commendably in its 80-year existence. At times there were ten-
sions, but those were pushed into the background by all the positive coopera-
tion between the state and the farmer.

Privately there were also disputes at times which hurt the unity of the
industry. The retiring president, Mr Jaap Wilkens, referred to those just
this week. He said, with understandable regret, that that mutual conflict
has not yet been eliminated everywhere.

We believe that we speak on behalf of the entire agricultural industry when
we say that Mr Wilkens was a worthy and highly skilled president, a true

67



SOUTH AFRICA

APPROACH TO HANDLING BLACK UNREST
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 11 Oct 84 p 20
[Column by Piet Muller: "High Scores for New Style in Black Affairs"]

[Text] High scores to Dr Gerrit Viljoen who indicated twice in one week
that from now on he is going to follow a new style of negotiation in black
affairs.

At the National Party congress in Alberton he described South Africa's Blacks
as an asset for the country. That was clearly a refreshing breeze. In addi-
tion, this week he announced a new system of contact between black schools,
black pupils and their parents. Amongst others, elected representative
pupils' councils will be established.

Frustrations

It looks as if the Department of Education and Training will make a serious
effort from now on to get to the heart of the problem in black schools.

All those new plans will not yield immediate results, however, for the school
problem is an ulcer which has existed for a long time.

School unrest is the foremost area in which young blacks voice their frustra~
tions. Due to the impoverished environment most of the pupils come from,
they often start their school career with a lack of proper school maturity.
This creates problems which only get worse as they get closer to matricula-
tion.

Pressure

The success rate of black schools is wretched, most black teachers have inade-
quate training, and the schools are overcrowded. Those are all things for
which no instant solutions are possible. It takes time to train teachers
properly, and astronomical amounts of money are needed to build more schools
and to provide teaching equipment.

The problem is made worse by an enormous population increase among Blacks.

Therefore it is not surprising that so many black pupils are frustrated.
They struggle to get through their matriculation because there simply are

49



If anyone wants to break down a society, he must corrode these
binding agents; he must make a mockery of its traditions, dis-
regard its conventions, reject its prescriptions and render its
prejudices suspect. Whenever this happens, the society's strong
bonds weaken, and it becomes vulnerable to more and more foreign
influences.

Besides the freedom of authority, there is also the freedom of
history. The present generation is nothing more than the ex-
tension of our history. "We are what we are because our past
made us what we are. History is so much a part of oneself that
one cannot liberate himself from it without alienating himself."

These concepts of liberty, said Mr Marais, attempt to free the
individual from his history in the name of "change" and "reform."
Ultimately only a fine line remains between these two notions
and that of revolution. Revolution is simply change set to an
accelerated tempo.

Now there is a movement away from discrimination in the name of
"change." This movement, however, is in a direction that is
entirely alien to the history of the whites; it is a tendency
that was rejected and condemned in the past. True goal-oriented
change is change in the views of the white person, who may no
longer believe what he'had always believed, yet is receptive to
this new destiny.

The Afrikaner is now being called upon, in the name of equali-
zation, to overlook all differences, explained Mr Marais. These
differences include differences of talent, age and sex, but, and
also especially, differences between white and black. The col-
oreds represent a transitional phase used to blur this diffe-
rence.

In the same way that authority is opposed to freedom, the family
is opposed to equality. The family is the prototype of inequa-
lity: man against woman, adults against children, plus the dif-
ferences in age. If equality must be fostered, the family will
have to be affected by it, which means that a people's roots
will also be affected.

Although every people has a racial identity, the word "race" may
no longer be used, for then one is a "racist," and "racism" is
currently a worse sin than communism. Whites must not let them-
selves be intimidated by this. Every people has its own identi-
ty, and the Afrikaner people is bound to its white origin.

Mr Marais said that the Afrikaner must always adhere closely to

the consciousness he has of his racial origin. The policy of
apartheid is not being followed to display [white] superiority,

47



The granting of fullfledged citizenship rights to Blacks, on the basis of
residence, including complete freedom of movement for them, things which would
necessitate a systematic phasing out of influx control.

Professor C lliers said that with regard to the political aspect of citizen-
ship for Blacks it will be necessary to renegotiate this matter with independent
and national states.

Principle

The system would have to provide political rights to Balcks who are established
in South Africa and on the other hand there would have to be greater freedom
of movement between South Africa and the other regions.

The principle of residence must also serve as a basis for the inclusion of

Blacks in local and intermediary managements. This is what Professor Cilliers
said.

7964
CSO: 3401/37

53



The government shied away from by-elections in Transvaal at the
time of the recent appointments to the president's council be-

cause it is afraid of the verdict that white voters would give,
explained Mr Rudolph.

He plans to ask members of the FBV whether they are trying to
make a black business district out of downtown Pretoria. Is
this the mandate that they have received from their constitu-
ents?

Mr Joseph Chiole (HNP, Ward Five) said that the tempo of inte-
gration is rapidly increasing. The NP is presently giving
ground on all sides, which means that white people will see
their expectations. continue to diminish henceforth. Thus there
is a negative growth in the white birth rate.

Voters in downtown Pretoria are not being allowed a referendum
to express their point of view about the matter of open busi-
ness districts, said Mr Chiole. What has in. fact happened is
that in the Ward Five election, 63 percent of all the voters
voted against it. Open business disctricts were the most im-
portant matter of contention in the election.

If business districts are opened up, explained Mr Chiole, then
blacks will also press for a greater say in municipal affairs.
He would like to predict that non-whites will consequently get
the right to vote, said Mr Chiole.

The chairman of the steering committee, Dr Gerhard Davidtsz,
said that free trade districts will not automatically be set
up. Local governments, other authorities, or even the respon-
sible minister will be able to present a proposal to that end.
When such a proposal is received, it will be looked into, and
all interested parties will have the opportunity to state their
case.

He cannot understand why the city council is now being asked
to give its viewpoint. In the past the city council often ig-
nored the facts. “However loudly the city council may shout,
procedures already mandated by the government will have to be
carried out by the council," said Dr Davidtsz.

8117
CSO: 3401/34

57



the question is asked whether it is "morally justified" to keep equal citizen-
ship from the Coloreds. This decision is seen in all respects as support

of the constitution. The editor of DIE KERKBODE, ds Tappies Moller, also

is moderator of the West Cape Synod.

After last year's referendum, the government was congratulated with the result
by various leaders in the NG Church. For example, Di Dirk Fourie, the regis-
trar of the General Synod, told a Sunday paper that he wanted to congratulate
the then Prime Minister, Mr P.W. Botha. It was clear to him that Mr P.W.
Botha had the trust of the voters, and therefore he was thankful, Dr Fourie
said.

"T9 me it looks as if the period of rigid apartheid is over now. A shift
has occurred among our own people, with the conviction that we should instead
walk the path of cooperation and unity.

"T have no doubts that this shift will also make itself felt in our religious
relationship. I expect that there will be a greater insistance on more reli-
gious cooperation and the elimination of areas of friction," Dr Fourie told
the papers concerned.

In the meantime a meeting of NG ministers held in Bloemfontein appealed to
ministers to make known in full the General Synod's decision on open churches,
joint prayer and church membership, and to precede church councils in carrying
out those actions.

8700
csO: 3401/38

45



ETHIOPIA

COMRADE FIKRE-SELASSIE INAUGURATES NEW CORPORATION
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 27 Oct 84 pp 1, 5

{Excerpt] Comrade Fikre-Sellassie Wogderess, member of the Politbureau of
the Central Committee of the Workers Party of Ethiopia (WPE) and Deputy
Chairman of the Council of Ministers, yesterday inaugurated the headquarters
of the Agricultural Equipment and Technical Services Corporation located on
the Debre Zeit Road.

The corporation is located on 10 hectares of land with building complex and
various service rendering facilities. The building complex alone is worth
nine million birr of which 7.3 million birr has already been utilized on the
completed buildings. The Central Maintenance Workshop of the Agricultural
Equipment and Technical Services Corporation is worth close to 3.5 million
birr financed through an assistance secured from the German Democratic Re-
public. .

After opening the building complex, Comrade Fikre-Selassie inspected the of-
fices and various facilities of the corporation. He wrote in the Guest Book
that the utilization of moder agricultural methods is crucial to cope with
the prevailing food grain problem in the country. He said the establishment
of the corporation was a step in the right direction and it should be able to
live up to its task.

Comrade Fikre-Selassie was later briefed on the activities of the Ministry
of State Farms Development and the corporations operating under it. The
briefings were made by Comrade Yosef Muleta, member of the Central Committee
of WPE and Minister of State Farms Development, and general managers of the
various corporations.

Comrade Yosef explained that the Agricultural Equipment and Technical Ser-
vices Corporation is one of the seven corporations administered under the
Ministry of State Farms Development. He said the corporation provides tech-
nical services to other corporations under the Ministry as well as to such
governmental institutions as the ministries of Agriculture and Coffee and Tea
Development and the Relief and Rehabilitation Commission and also to some co-
operatives.

17



SOUTH AFRICA

HENDRICKSE VOICES STRONG CRITICISM OF ANDERSON
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 18 Oct 84 p 3

[Report by political editorial staff: "Leave South Africa Alone, Says
Hendrickse"]

[Text] Mr Donald Anderson, the British opposition politician who has meddled
in South Africa with the three UDF [United Democratic Front] activists who
are hiding in the British consulate in Durban, is an "arrogant" person.

He ought to keep out of South Africa's affairs while his own country has

so many problems. Those sharp words about Mr Anderson and his most recent
action come from the reverend Allan Hendrickse, a member of the South African
cabinet and Chairman of the Ministers' Council for Colored Affairs.

The Reverend Hendrickse told DIE BURGER yesterday that he had had a discussion
with Mr Anderson in the United Kingdom last March, but that Mr Anderson's
attitude toward his views and toward South Africa had offended him so much
that he (the Reverend Hendrickse) himself had ended the conversation and

left Mr Anderson's office.

"Mr Anderson's actions in South Africa during the past few days have proven
to me once again that he is not interested in peaceful solutions. He is
in South Africa only for the sake of fomenting political excitement.

"He ought to keep out of our affairs and return to the United Kingdom, to
his own Labor Party where things are absolutely not in order-~as I discovered
during my visit to the United Kingdom," the Reverend Hendrickse said yester-
day. -

His first unpleasant experience with Mr Anderson, the spokesman on Southern
Africa for the British Labor Party, occurred last March and April when he
visited the United Kingdom as leader of South Africa's Labor Party.

The Reverend Hendrickse said that in addition to Mr Anderson, he had also
talked with Mr Malcolm Riffkind, the British deputy minister of foreign af-
fairs for Africa, and Dr David Owen, the leader of the Social Democratic
Party.

35



A spokesman for the Agricultural Union said that Mr Willemse
had made these statements in his own name and that his point
of view was not necessarily that of the Union. The aid that
must be given to farmers to help them with retirement plans
is not a negative concept. In America, for example, finan-
cial aid is supplied to some farmers to enable them to make a
new beginning elsewhere.

8117
CSO: 3401/34

66



SOUTH AFRICA

Conservative Circles See Persistent Mozambican Enmity
(DIE AFRIKANER, 10 Oct 84)....ceececcececceeces

No End to Civil War
Nkomati 'Tremendous Erbarrassment!

Political Aims of Nobel Peace Prizes Criticized
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 17 Oct 84)...

Action Against UDF Helps ANC According to Naude
(DIE BURGER, 17 Oct:’84)...eeeeeeeees ee eeee eeeee

Hendrickse Voices Strong Criticism of Anderson
(DIE BURGER, 18 Oct 84)......... seca cece ee eene

Gumede Gets Top Commmist 'Front' Post
(Russel Gault; THE STAR, 1 Nov 84)....... ee eeee

Resolving Problems of Cape Squatter Camps
(BEELD, 26 Sep 84; RAPPORT, 30 Sep 84)..

Permanent Residency for Blacks
Restrictions on Blacks Lifted

Sabra Opposes Government on Tenure Rights for Blacks
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Oct 84)....cseseceeeeeceesces

Church Pleads for Blacks' Rights
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Oct 84)...ssseeseeeoeee se eeee

Efforts To Help Blacks Blamed for Economic Crisis
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Oct 84)....

Approach to Handling Black Unrest
(Piet Muller; BEELD, 11 Oct 84)..

Sociologist Advocates More Liberal Mobility for Blacks
(DIE BURGER, 15 Oct 84)...... see e ee ee ence ees

Broederbond Recommendations on Financial Policy
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Oct 84). ..seceseeeeeceesesces

Integration in Business Districts Opposed
(DIE AFRIKANER, 10 Oct 84).....eseeeeeesseee eee

Pik Botha Criticizes Slabbert
(DIE BURGER, 15 Oct 84)...

30

» 32

33

35

37

39

42

- 44

- 46

49

52

54

56



SOUTH AFRICA

ROLE OF TRADE UNIONS ASSESSED
Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 2 Oct 84 p 12
[Editorial]

[Text] Trade Unions are one of the natural targets of political activists,
for control over organized labor is an important key in creating economic
and social unrest. Even more so in South Africa with its heterogeneous
makeup, where workers' ignorance and color differences can very easily be
exploited.

On the other hand, the trade union can also be an instrument toward labor
peace if is an effective channel of communication with employers, contri-
butes toward improving working conditions, and puts the interests of its
members first. It can be an important relief valve for increasing frustra~
tion.

The conference on trade unions given by the Rand Afrikaans University is
very timely, for it draws attention to an area which can increasingly become
the battle arena of South African population relations, especially if those
are abused by Marxists. That that is a real danger is obvious from the words
of the Commissioner of Police that it is an established fact that there is

a conspiracy through which the ANC and the Communist Party want to use the
trade unions as a front organization.

The power of unions will inevitably grow, especially that of black unions.
By the end of the century only 7 percent of the people in South Africa who
enter the job market will be white. Add to that the deficient level of
education of a large part of the black workers who will offer their services,
the unsatisfactory economic rate of growth of the country, as well as the
predictable lack of work opportunity, and the explosiveness of the situation
is clear.

In such circumstances trade unions can play a positive role by looking after
the interests of their members and striving for employment and the creation
of new opportunities, But in the wrong hands they can become destructive
weapons which disadvantage primarily their own members.

The country should take notice of the radical spirit among black youths,

such as that portrayed by the dyed-in-the-wool trade union leader Dr Lucy
Mvubelo. Only through the creation of a reasonably satisfied corps of workers
with an interest in peace, as well as a strong black middle class, can one
prevent union leaders from choosing the path to chaos.

8700
CSO: 3401/9 69



gentleman of the soil. He never hesitated to fight hard for the affairs
of the farmer. But he was never willing either to cover up shortcomings
in the industry.

The new president, Mr Kobus Jooste van Upington, and his deputy Mr Nico Kotze

of the Transvaal Agricultural Union likewise are leaders of stature. We
wish them prosperity.

8700
cso: 3401/9

68



SOUTH AFRICA

RSA'S ROLE IN WEATHER FORECAST PROJECT DESCRIBED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Oct 84 p 4M
{Article by Zenaide Vendeiro]

[Text] Meteorologists involved in an international weather data collection
project hope to be able to forecast large-scale climatological events--such
as droughts and floods--in the near future.

The project, code-named Toga, will also improve daily weather forecasting. It
is being co-ordinated by Mr Ray Partridge of the American National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Mr Piet le Roux, weather buoy project leader with the Weather Bureau in
Pretoria, said yesterday that the project would focus on the Southern Hemi-
sphere because "the oceans of the Southern hemisphere drive global weather.

"The Weather Bureau has been deploying four or five buoys a year since 1979.
The US has now asked us to deploy a further 10 buoys a year specifically for
the project."

Sensors on the buoys measure air pressure, air and water temperature and wind
speed and direction.

Every 50 seconds the buoys transmit data to two NOAA satellites which pass the
information to three reception stations in Washington. The information is then
sent to France for processing.

Mr le Roux said the South African ship Agulhas would have deployed 11 buoys by
the middle of next month and a further six by December.

Toga, a 10-year project, will begin in January.
Aircraft

Computers have been installed at the CSIR's satellite tracking station at
Hartbeeshoek to receive images from the orbiting satellites.

Three South African Airways Boeings have been equipped with aircraft satellite

direct access readouts (Asdar) which measure wind speed and direction and trans-
mit the data to the satellites.

71



RWANDA

FOREIGN CAPITAL AIDS IN MINERAL, PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT

Frankfurt/Main FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT in German 4 Oct
84 p 2

article: "Rwanda Utilizes Hydroelectric Power: International Development
Aid; Many German Businesses Involved"]

[Text] (W.AN.) Frankfurt--As in neighboring Burundi (see September 3, 1984
edition of BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT), Rwanda is seeking to ensure its own
supplies of energy by utilizing its hydroelectric potential. In order to
complete these projects this poor, heavily populated country in the central
African highlands must avail itself of foreign aid. Up to now the FRG has
been very much involved in the development of energy supplies. The FRG has
granted substantial financial aid, and German firms have won important
contracts involving the construction of hydroelectric plants, overhead lines
. and distribution networks. In addition, the exploitation of a methane gas
deposit in Lake Kivu on the border with Zaire was planned a long time ago.
The state-owned Rwandan company Electrogaz with its headquarters in the
capital city of Kigali oversees the country's energy supplies.

The World Bank Group, via the International Development Association (IDA),

is also taking part in the financing of Rwandan energy projects. It partially
financed a project involving the repair of the Ntaruka hydroelectric plant

and modernization of the distribution network, recently supplying an $8.9
million loan for this purpose. Three turbogenerator sets of 3.75 megawatts
each should bring this plant back up to full capacity. Fichtner Beratende
Ingenieure GmbH + Co. KG of Stuttgart, which was also involved in drafting the
solicitation documents for this project, is the consulting firm. There is
currently an international solicitation for the repair of this hydroelectric
plant. Suitable proposals must be submitted by October 16, 1984.

Via the KFW (Kreditanstalt fuer Wiederaufbau = Credit Institution for Recon-
struction) the FRG in 1982 provided a grant-in-aid of DM 28 million to supply
electricity to the Gisenyi region. These funds will be used not only to build
the Gihira hydroelectric plant but also to construct a 70 km long high voltage
line (30 kV) from the plant in Ruhengeri to Gisenyi in the northwestern part
of the country. The consulting firm for the construction of this high voltage
line was Fichtner Beratende Ingenieure GmbH + Co. KG which had already com-
pleted a study on the project.

28



ETHIOPIA

COMMUNIQUE DENOUNCES EPLF ATTACKS

Damascus AL-THAWRAH AL-IRITRIYAH in Arabic Apr~Jun 84 pp 10-11
[Text] 0 great people!

Throughout the past years the forces of the Eritrean revolution have been
struggling to carry out the slogan of national unity as a central goal of
the Eritrean struggle, reflecting the true meaning of the dimensions of the
Eritrean-Ethiopian struggle and progressive awareness of the need to possess
the instrument of strategic superiority over the Ethiopian enemy. These
struggles culminated in the signing of the Jiddah agreement between the three
parties early in 1983 and the Khartoum agreement on 21 June 1984, which set
the time for the session of the National Council [majlis] and took steps

to achieve that by forming the Higher Preparatory Committee and subcom-
mittees and a joint action program for the transition period.

Since the first day the statement of the Higher Preparatory Committee was
issued the Popular Front began a feverish campaign against unity and the
agreement, leveling various charges against the parties concerned. At the
same time it threatened to deliver a decisive military blow to the three
parties. Thus, the struggle became clear to our people, brothers, and
friends. It is a struggle between the forces who believe in unity as a
central goal and in dialogue as a means of achieving it (they are represented
by the three parties) and the forces who have rejected unity, doubting it

and trying to attack and abort it as represented by the Popular Front.

The recent aggression for which the Popular Front mobilized all its power
began on 29 July 1984 and continued until 30 July 1984 in the rear positions
in our camps using methods reflecting hatred of unity and its partisans.

The result was human and material losses in several places.

0 heroic revolutionaries!

The Popular Front did not aim at attacking the military forces of the three
parties, although this was what it attempted to do.

Rather, the real aim and long-term objectives were to try to undermine the

new hope and people's accomplishment in unifying the three parties. In this
sense the aggression completely failed to achieve its aim.

14


allocations slated for various development activities to the programme of
combating drought and underlined the need for joining forces in facing up to
the challenge.

Present on the occasion were Comrade Yehualashet Girma, WPE Central Committee
member and Minister of Coffee and Tea Development, and Comrade Yosef Muleta,
WPE Central Committee member and Minister of State Farms Development.

CSO: 3400/182

20



ETHIOPIA

DAM, RECREATIONAL GROUND INAUGURATED IN KAFFA
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 23 Oct 84 p 1

[Text] Jimma (ENA)--A dam and recreational ground built five kms north of here
at a cost of 245,000 birr through government and mass organisations were in-
augurated Sunday.

The dam harnessing the Boye River is 350 metres long, six metres deep and 21
metres wide. Both the dam and the park were inaugurated by Comrade Begashaw
Atalay, member of the CC of WPE and First Secretary of the WPE Committee for
Kaffa region.

Comrade Begashaw on the occasion lauded the exemplary co-operative efforts
mounted by government and mass organisations to construct the dam at a cost
of 235,000 birr instead of the original estimate of 795,000 birr.

He expressed confidence that the building of such dams will encourage the
peasantry to utilize such facilities for irrigation purposes.

The dam will serve the residents of Jimma town and its environs for recrea-
tional purposes for fish reproduction, swimming and development activities,
Comrade Begashaw noted, adding that it will be extended to serve other pur-
poses as well.

Earlier, Comrade Paulos Teferra, First Secretary of the WPE Committee of Jimma
province, spoke on the efforts put into the construction of the dam with the
concerted efforts of government agencies and mass organisations through the
duration of the work. He also pointed out that the dam has a capacity of
800,000 cubic metres of water and noted that over 64,000 varieties of flower
seedlings have been planted on the creation ground.

cso: 3400/182

16



Lahmeyer International GmbH of Frankfurt was named the consulting firm for the
power plant at a dam in Ruhengeri on the Mukungwa River which has an installed
capacity of 12 megawatts and which went into service at the beginning of 1982.
This firm also acted as consultant for the architecture of the power house and
the ancillary buildings. In the spring of 1977 the European Development Fund
provided a grant-in-aid of 20 million accounting units (one accounting unit =
about DM 2.24) for this project. The overall investment amounted to 29.9

million accounting uatts.

A small hydroelectric plant (capacity 1200 kW) was built in Gisenyi on the
Sebaya River with DM 2.3 million in German development aid which was granted
in 1978. In 1973 another DM 3.8 million in capital aid was granted for the
construction of a diesel generating station which now operates in the capital
of Kigali. Another German company worth mentioning which has become active
within Rwanda is Starkstrom-Anlagen-Gesellschaft mbH (SAG) of Frankfurt, an
electrical outfitting firm.

The construction of a dam with power plant (40 megawatts when completed) on
the Ruzizi River, which is being built jointly by Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire,
was already reported in our August 17, 1984 edition ("Zaire Expands Its
Electrical Supply Network").

For some time Rwanda and Zaire have made joint efforts to develop a signif-
icant methane gas deposit in Lake Kivu whose reserves are estimated at 57
billion cubic meters. In the summer of 1983 there was a preliminary call for
bids for the preparation of a comprehensive feasibility study which will be
financed by the EC. The study concerns the construction of gas drilling
stations (floating and land-based), the laying of gas lines to supply a cement
mill, a fertilizer factory and a methanol plant, and the building of compres-
sor and distribution stations. Bralirwa, an associated company of the Dutch
firm Heineken which operates a brewery in Gisenyi, has already been using
methane gas from Lake Kivu for some time.

During the course of the third five-year plan (1982-1986) power consumption is
expected to increase to 136.5 GWh by 1986, 61 percent more than in 1981. The
domestic production of electricity should increase by about 101 percent to
95.4 GWh during the same period. The rest of the energy requirements will
continue to be met with imports from Zaire where the Mururu hydroelectric
plant on the Ruzizi River, with an installed capacity of 20.4 megawatts, also
supplies Rwanda with electrical power.

12552
cso: 3420/8

29



BURUNDI

GERMAN FINANCIAL, TECHNICAL AID FOR HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS

Frankfurt/Main FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT in German 3 Sep
84 p 2

[Article: "Hydroelectric Projects in Burundi: German Financial and Technical
Aid for Several Projects]

(Text] (W.AN.) Frankfurt--The government of landlocked Burundi, located in
the central African highlands, is endeavoring to improve energy supplies
through increased utilization of its hydroelectric potential. The projects
for the most part involve small dams with ancillary power stations or run-of-
river power plants whose installed capacity is nevertheless largely adequate
to supply the individual regions of the country with electric power. Almost
all of these projects are financed with aid from other countries, including
the FRG. German engineering consulting firms, construction companies and
equipment suppliers are very much involved in the expansion of the energy
supply network in Burundi.

This is especially true for the hydroelectric plant being built at Rwegura on
the Kitenge River which is expected to be finished by the end of 1986. The
engineering consulting for this project was taken over by a joint working
group representing two companies, Lahmeyer International GmbH of Frankfurt and
Siemens AG of Munich/Berlin. Strabag Bau AG of Cologne was awarded the
contract for construction of the 38 m high embankment dam with clay core and
three hydro tunnels, the power house and other facilities. The electrical
equipment for the power plant, which will have three turbogenerator sets (with
a capacity of 6 megawatts each), is being supplied and installed by a
Frankfurt company. Within the scope of financial cooperation the FRG in
September 1982 granted funds in the amount of DM 38.3 million for partial
financing of this hydroelectric project and provided DM 0.7 million for the
financing of ancillary services.

The overall investment for this project of the Regie de Production et
Distribution d'Eau et d'Electricite (REGIDESCO) of Bujumbura, which is respon-
sible for energy and water supplies in Burundi, is about DM 200 million. Also
contributing to the financing were the European Development Fund, providing a
grant-in-aid of 10 million accounting units (one accounting unit = about DM
2.24) in June 1983, the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development (KFAED)

il



The other factor was that the company manufactured its products to world speci-
fication and standards, with the quality of product readily accepted, he
said.

The company, whose range of products includes all types of exhaust pipes and
motor vehicle accessories, set up a plant in Bulawayo in 1967 with a capital
outlay of $25,000 and a labour force of only nine.

Mr Nel said the company was now worth between $4 million and $5 million and
employed 128.

The turnover was growing and currently exceeded $3 million per year.

cso: 3400/154

83



ASBESTOS CURBS SEEN AS ‘UNSCIENTIFIC’

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Oct 84 p 13M

[Text]

The most important aspect of the asbestos health
issue was the establishment of a scientifically deter-
mined threshold for the safe use of the mineral, Mr
Luther Jooste, chairman of the South African Asbes-
tos Producers’ Advisory Committee, said yesterday.

Addressing the fifth colloquium of the Asbestos In-
ternational Association in Johannesburg, Mr Jooste
said it was essential to the survival of the asbestos
industry that permissible safety limits should ‘be
based on the “threshold concept” and not on the no-
tion that “the only safe limit is zero”.

‘The three-day colloquium is being attended by
more than 100 delegates from 17 countries. It will
focus onthe latest developments in asbestos dust
measurement techniques as well as the biological re-
Sults of the latest experiments on asbestos dust expo-
sure. .

Mr Jooste said there were were indications that a
reasonable threshold limit for asbestos would be es-
tablished in the near future.

“All the limit values being applied today are based
on health problems stemming from exposures many
years ago, when exposure levels either were not, or
could not be, recorded, or “The approach

of

where techniques used
were unscientific and
therefore completely
unreliable,” he said.

“The result of this lack
of precision is evident
today in the uncertainty
and variations in limit
values proposed or al-
ready in force throughout
the world.

CSO: 3400/181

70

‘when in doubt, play safe’
has had a marked effect
on regulations.

“While we fully sup-
port this approach as a
temporary necessity, it
would be a sad loss to
mankind if the benefits
arising from the use of
asbestos were to be den-
ied to millions of people

- because there is no
solid scientific basis for
limit setting.” — Sapa.

SOUTH AFRICA



viable, a source of income must be made available to them with a built-in
growth. Thus it is proposed that the general sales tax payable to the central
government be increased with specifically this objective in mind. Distribu-
tion among such municipalities can be set by the government itself. As an
alternative, the proposed new sources of income, namely an establishment

levy, regional services levy and investment levy, are accepted in principle,"
Steves the Broedeztond.

8700
cso: 3401/38

55



The partners in the consortium are the two German firms, Ed. Zueblin AG Con-
struction in Stuttgart and Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG (Dywidag) in Munich, the
Swiss firm of Losinger AG in Bern and the Senegalese Sagecom in Dakar. Advis-
ory assignments were given to Rhein-Ruhr Ingenieur-Gesellschaft mbh (RRI) in
Dortmund and Tractionel S.A. in Brussels.

As a result of the dam's construction, the final stage of irrigating an area
under cultivation of 375,000 hectares will be made possible later. Following
the conclusion of the project, which is set for 1988, the Senegal river will
be able to be used year round for inland water shipping over a 948 kilometer-
long stretch between St. Louis in Senegal and Kayes in Mali. Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait, the United Arab Emirate, the African Development Fund, the United
Nations Development Fund and several European countries participated in the
financing of the undertaking.

In Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) construction started this year on the Kompienga
dam on the White Volta near Pama, about 270 kms south-east of the capital
Ouagadougou, with an adjoining generating station with two turbine generator
groups (each of 7.5 megawatts). At the end of May 1984 the contracts for the
execution of the project, which is supposed to be completed in 1988, were
awarded. The French company Campenon Bernard was entrusted with the construc-
tion of the 1.5-kilometer-long dam, which has a maximum height of 50 meters.
Contracts for the delivery and installation of the transformers and electrical
equipment went to the French companies Societe Generale d'Entreprises Electro~
mechaniques (SGEEM) and Clemessy.

Delivery of the turbines was awarded to a German company,,and the construction
of the power lines was awarded to the Italian firm of Sadelmi Cogepi. Work on
the infrastructure will be carried out by the domestic firm Societe Voltaique
de Travaux, a subsidiary of the French Societe Anonyme de Travaux d'OQutre—Mer
(Satom).

The total investment costs for the project of the Societe Voltaique d'Electri-
cite (Voltelec) are given as about DM 243 million. The African Development
Bank approved credit in February 1984 for partial financing in the amount of
23.04 million accounting units (1 unit = approximately $1.07). Additional
credits were accorded by the Islamic Development Bank in Jidda (Saudi Arabia),
more than $5.625 million, and Canada ($5 million Canadian). The FRG approved
a contribution to the financing in the amount of DM 42 million in mid-March
1982. France also made additional funds available. The Canadian company of
Surveyer, Nenninger et Chenevert Incorporated in Montreal has been acting as
the engineering consultants.

In Nigeria in the fall of 1983, Impresit Bakalori Nigeria, Ltd., a participat-
ing company of the Italian Fiat concern, received a contract worth about 121
million naira (1 naira = approximately DM 3.60) for the construction of a dam
in Jiaba near Sokoto in the northern part of the country. Following the 18-
month construction period, an initial area under cultivation of 3,200 hectares
is to be irrigated from the dam.



LESOTHO

BRIEFS

LIST OF WEAPONS WITHHELD--Lesotho's ambassador to the UK, Mr 0.T. Sefako, gave
the following details about arms shipments from Europe that have been blocked
by South Africa despite a transit process set up in 1981. Here is a list of
shipments withheld and the countries of origin: United Kingdom: 7.62mm x 51
light machine guns L7A2 type from the Royal Small Arms Factory, Enfield, and
spare parts, held at the San Smuts harbor since February, with Bren L4Al,
7.62mm x 51 automatic rifles from the RSAF, Enfield. Held in Durban since
December 83 are 9mm Sterling Mk 4 (L2A3) automatic pistols, while parts for
Skyvan 3M Shorts airplanes used by police are held at Jan Smuts since October
1982; Belgium: ammunition for FAL FN rifles and spare parts for MAG FN
light machines guns, held at Jan Smuts since February 1984; France: patrol
armoured vehicles held at Maputo since December 1982; Italy: two Agusta
AB-412 helicopters with spare parts, held at Durban since May 1984 and
ordered for the paramilitary unit. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL.
in English No 50, Oct 84 p 32]

MINOR CABINET RESHUFFLE--The Minister of Cooperatives and Rural Development,
Vincent Montsi Makhele, has been appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs. He
replaces Evaristus Retselistitsoe Sekhonyana, who retains his portfolio as
Minister of Planning, Employment and Economic Affairs. The Minister of
Works, Lekhoana Jonathan, has been appointed to act temporarily as Minister
of Cooperatives and Rural Development. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE
JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 32]

MUTINY VERDICT--Seven members of the Lesotho Paramilitary Force have been
found guilty of mutiny during a court-martial hearing in Maseru. Six of the
accused were sentenced to two years imprisonment, with the seventh receiving
a ome-year sentence. The convictions follow a series of armed robberies in
Lesotho in which men dressed in army uniforms are reported to have taken
part. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 32]

CSO: 3400/141

26



We believe that the men of the Ruiterwag are strong enough to forget the
unfortunate past months, and to join hands and together struggle ahead in
the interest of the Afrikaner and South Africa, It can be done.

The condition is that the members of the Ruiterwag accept each other's good
faith within a cultural context and are worthy of that good fatih. In that
manner the organization can serve young men in whatever line of work and
equip them for their cultural task--to the advantage of the country also.

8700
cso: 3401/9

62



ACADEMICS TO BOYCOTT RSA CONFERENCE

. SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 1 Nov 84 p 3

[Text]

cso:

LONDON — Nearly 300 academics have"

* pledged to boycott the University of Natal’s
three-day conference organised by the De-

* partment of Religious Studies because of
apartheid. :

The academics made their opinions

known after The Guardian's religious af-
fairs correspondent, Frances Young, wrote
a column announcing her intention to turn
down an invitation to attend.

Young’s decision. was reached after dis-
cussing the matter with a number of South
African expatriates. They said her visit
would achieve nothing and would be ex-

3400/181

64

- ploited by officials there. i

South African universities were “a batt-
leground because they make liberal noises
but do nothing effective”.

Young had been invited to deliver a
Paper of her choice related to the confer-
ence theme of “Salvation, secularism and
the place of religion in South Africa and the
world”, .

She said it took her three weeks of soul-
searching to make the decision.

After the publication of the lengthy col-
umn, nine Cambridge academics wrote to
support the decision. They said 275 of their
colleagues had pledged their support of the
boycott, 9 ann

“We believe that academics should add
the weight of their authority to those who
hope that if enough pressure can be brought
‘to bear on the powers that rule South Afri-
ca, something may be salvaged from the
impending disaster, even at this late hour,”
their letter said. .

One of the signatories, Professor F Hahn
said he had already refused the invitation
and would support a boycott of South Afri-
ca as a whole.

He said: “I cannot speak for the others,
but my support can be considered as sup-
Port for a boycott of South Africa as a
whole. I was approached to visit just a few
“weeks ago and, of course, refused.”

7
t
4
H



SOUTH AFRICA

RETIREMENT URGED FOR UNSUCCESSFUL FARMERS

Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Oct 84 p 5

[Text] In the case of 16 percent of South African farmers, op-
portunities for economic survival are minimal, and they must

be aided in their retirement plans so that they may be replaced
by new entrepreneurs, says Mr Johan Willemse, chief economist
for the South African Agricultural Union.

Mr Willemse, who gave a lecture in Pietermaritzburg, said that
for this group of farmers, the ratio of liabilities to assets
was more than 40 percent. In addition, 46.8 percent of the
farmers have a debt liability ratio of less than 10 percent,
while for another 17.5 percent the figure stands between 10
and 20 percent.

Mr Willemse said that the implication of the white paper on
agricultural policy is that each farmer will have to review his
situation, and if everything is not shipshape on his farm, he
will have to make room for farmers and tenant-farmers who are
just starting out, and for part-time farmers as well.

"Thus we can easily achieve the maximum number of financially
solvent farm-owners without the intervention of social measures
and subsidies, provided there are programs for financing new
farmers, for providing tenant-farmers with production credit
and for giving adequate recognition to part-time farmers.

"The day has also dawned when we must realize that farmers,
like other entrepreneurs, run legal and investment risks, and
that from the macroeconomic point of view, there is no reason
why ineffective farmers should not be replaced by newcomers.

"And the time has also possibly arrived when we have to recog-
nize the fact that those farmers (that 16 percent) who have a
debt liability ratio of more than 40 percent have only a mini-
mal chance of economic survival; thus we must help them to re-
tire and replace them with new entrepreneurs," said Mr Willemse.

65



GABON

FOREIGN AID FOR HYDROELECTRIC, METHANE GAS PROJECTS

Frankfurt/Main FRANKFURTER ZELTUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT in German 10 Sep
84 p 2

[article: "Gabon Develops Mineral Resources: Foreign Firms Also Involved in
Exploration and Exploitation"]

(Text] (W.an.) Frankfurt--The annual report for 1983 of the Direction
Generale des Mines et de la Geologie of the Ministry of Mines in Gabon said
that satisfactory results had been achieved last year in crude oil production
as well as in the mining of manganese and uranium. Progress was also made in
explorations into the development of additional mineral resources (iron ores,
barite and gold). The search for further crude oil and uranium deposits also
looked encouraging (see also the report on the use of mineral resources in
Gabon in the March 17, 1982 issue).

Crude oil production continues to go up, increasing from 7.792 million metric
tons in 1982 to 7.810 million metric tons in 1983. In 1983 new deposits were
discovered. Elf Gabon of Port Gentil, in which the French Societe Nationale
Elf Aquitaine (SNEA) of Paris has a 48.5 percent interest, has found oil in
the Grand-Anguille, Mwengui, Olende-Dome and Ablette fields, and Shell Gabon
also of Port Gentil, a joint venture of the Royal Dutch Shell group (75 per-
cent) and the Gabon government (25 percent), has found oil in the Hourcquia
and Lucina-Ouest fields. German firms have also succeeded in becoming
involved in oil production there.

Wintershall AG of Kassel with 18.33 percent, Preussag AG of Hanover with 8.085
percent and Deutsche Schachtbau und Tiefbohrgesellschaft mbH of Lingen also
with 8.085 percent are members of a consortium which developed the Oguendjo
West and Oguendjo East fields and began production there at the end of August
1983. Other partners in the consortium include the American firm Amoco with
49 percent, the British Petroleum Company Ltd. (BP) with 14.5 percent and the
Gabon national Societe Nationale des Petroles Gabonais (Petrogab) with 2.0
percent. In 1984 the consortium expects a maximum of 1.7 million metric tons
of crude oil to be produced. Reserves in the two fields are estimated at
about 22 million metric tons. The consortium's expansion plans involve the
drilling of 13 additional production wells.

23



DAMS' LEVELS DROP--So far the recent good rains have had little effect on major
dam levels, many of which continued their steady decline. A spokesman for the
Department of Water Affairs, Mr Anton Steyn, said this morning that most catch-
ment areas were still dry and between 200 mm and 300 mm of rain would have to
fall within a month to stabilise the soil's moisture content before runoff
could begin. In the Western Transvaal, for example, the earth was so parched
that 100 mm of rain could disappear without trace, he said. Mr Steyn warned
that the water table was very low in many areas and even more rain would be
needed in those areas to make any difference. He said the situation would not
improve until there had been heavy storms. "We still need a lot of rain," he
added. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Oct 84 p 1]

BORDER FIGHTING--The tiny Buffelshoek village near Acornhoek in the Northern
Transvaal was quiet but tense this morning after a running battle between
"nationals" of Lebowa and Gazankulu. The unusual border dispute, which has
claimed at least six lives, began two weeks ago. The trouble stems from a
move by villagers from Cottondale in Gazankulu across the old border--a rail-
way line--into Lebowa. The problem was exacerbated when an electrification
project was started three years ago. This forced workmen to divert the rail-
way line. In the belief that their territory's borders had been redrawn,
Lebowa villagers tried to expel the Gazankulu "nationals". In the resulting
dispute, several people were stoned to death. A spokesman for the South
African Police, which has set up camps in the Buffelshoek area, said all was
quiet this morning. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Oct 84 p 1]

APPLIED COMPUTER SCIENCE--ICL SA, one of the country's top three computer sup-
pliers, is to sponsor a chair in applied computer science at the University
of Durban-Westville. From 1985 the chair will be guaranteed for a minimum
of three years. It will be the first in South Africa to be created for this
purpose, and will be known as the ICL Research Chair in Applied Computer
Science. The incumbent will be employed on research projects and other aca-
demic activities at the discretion of the university. ICL will have first
right to buy any resultant research papers. Professor M C C Laidlaw, head
of the department of Computer Science, welcomed the award as few doctorates
had been awarded in computer science at SA universities. [Text] [Johannes-
burg THE STAR in English 1 Nov 84 p 14]

cso: 3400/181

75



ZAMBIA

Kaunda Criticizes Costly Firms

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 19 Oct 84)...

Swedish Agriculture Aid

(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 20 Oct 84).....+eesesseeeeeeeeees seeeeee

NDOLA Firm Begins Production of Chemicals

Briefs

ZIMBABWE

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 22 Oct 84)...sssseeeeseeeeercers see eeeee os

Tanker Sinks

Bulawayo Firm To Earn $1.9 Million From Export Next Year

(THE CHRONICLE, Oct 84) ...cceeeccecccccccccscccsrecncceeeces

Road Projects for Rural Districts

Briefs

(THE SUNDAY NEWS, 7 Oct 84) ...csseveecsccsccccccceecceeeceee

Peasants in Dairy Project
Business Opportunities Missed

-e-

77

79

80

81

82

84

85
85



Savimbi's Presence in Capetown Hinders Angolan Peace

(DIE BURGER, 18 Oct 84)......cecceeeeeeeee seeeeee

Afrikaner Identity, Unity

(Editorial; BEELD, 18 Oct 84)......seeeeeeeeeceee

Ruiterwag Cultural Organization

(Editorial; DIE VOLKSBLAD, 23 Oct 84).......e.008

Food Aid Vital in Bushmanland

(THE STAR, 31 Oct 84)....

Academics to Boycott RSA Conference

(THE STAR, 1 Nov 84).......

Retirement Urged for Unsuccessful Farmers

(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Oct 84)..

Prospects of Farmers Union

(Editorial; DIE TRANSVALER, 26 Oct 84)...........

Role of Trade Unions Assessed

(Editorial; DIE VOLKSBLAD, 2 Oct 84)....e.eeeeeee

Asbestos Curbs Seen as 'Unscientific'

(THE STAR, 30 Qct 84)............ eee cece ee eeeee

RSA's Role in Weather Forecast Project Described

Brie

SWAZILAND

Briefs

(Zenaide Vendeiro; THE STAR, 30 Oct 84)..

Nuclear Engineer Training

DIE PATRIOT Revival Plan
Sunflower Seed Oil Fuel

Deputy Internal Affairs Minister
Campaign Against Military Service
Dams' Levels Drop

Border Fighting

Applied Computer Science

Security Agreement

Security Incidents

Students Held

Mozambican Refugees' Arrival

59

60

61

63

64

65

67

69

70

76
76
76
76


which provided a loan of over 4.25 million Kuwaiti dinars (one Kuwaiti dinar =
about DM 9) at the beginning of December 1983, and the African Development
Bank which provided a loan of 14 million accounting units (one accounting unit
= about $1.06) in the fall of 1982. Other financing partners include France,
which made available a loan of 110 million French francs in the spring of
1983, and the OPEC Fund.

This hydroelectric plant is to supply electric power to the capital city of
Bujumbura 120 km away and to towns along the connecting high voltage line.
The Rwegura~Kayanza-Ngozi region is also to get electric power. This area is
currently supplied with power by diesel generators. Among other things, the
construction of a 52 km long, high voltage (30 kV) line to stretch from
Rwegura to Ngozi is also planned. The European Development Fund is providing
support for this additional project in the amount of 2.15 million accounting
units. The financing grant was awarded in September 1983.

In February 1984 the FRG increased its capital aid for another hydroelectric
plant by DM 14.5 million from DM 3 million to DM 17.5 million. This project
will provide electric power to the provincial capital of Bururi in south-
western Burundi, the city of Rumonge on Lake Tanganyika and the small town of
Makamba. A run-of-river power plant will be built near the town of Nyemanga
on the Sikuvyaye River at a cost of about DM 20.8 million and when completed
will have a capacity of 2.8 megawatts. Lahmeyer International GmbH which
employs about 1000 people at home and abroad has also been awarded the con-
sulting contract for this project. Recently there was a preliminary call for
bids for this project which was limited exclusively to German firms.

Another small hydroelectric power plant (260 kW) is being built in Marangara
on the Ndurumu River in order to supply power to Kirundo in northeastern
Burundi. The FRG provided a grant-in-aid of DM 3.5 million for this project
which also includes the construction of transformer stations, a transmission
line and a local power grid. The contract for this project was recently
awarded to J.M. Voith GmbH of Heidenheim/Brenz.

In 1982 the FRG increased its financial aid for the Muyinga hydroelectric
project by DM 5 million to DM 9.5’million. Decon Deutsche Energie-Consult
Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH of Bad Homburg v.d.H. and Hydroplan Ingenieur-
Gesellschaft mbH of Herdecke in the Ruhr will be the consultants for this
Project. Lahmeyer International GmbH won the contract for the Preparation of
a master plan for the utilization of hydroelectric power thoughout Burundi.

In March 1983 the European Development Fund provided a grant-in-aid of 3.3
million accounting units for supplying electric Power to the Ijenda-Tora-Mwaro
region located about 40 km southeast of Bujumbura. Last year there was also a
call for bids for the installation of an 30 kV overland line, of which 27.7 km
are to be supported by lattice towers and 60.0 km by wooden poles, and the

construction of the corresponding transformer stations and distribution sub-
stations.

A new dam with an integral power plant (capacity 8 megawatts) has been built
on the Mugere River about 10 km south of Bujumbura with Chinese aid. This
plant will supply part of the capital city with electric power. An important
hydroelectric project (Ruzizi II), in which Zaire and Rwanda are Participating
in addition to Burundi, was reported in our August 17 issue ("Zaire Expands
Electrical Supply Network").

12552
cso: 3420/9 12



ity 1.7 billion m) with an attached generating station in Nangbeto on the
river Mono, located about 140 kms north-east of Lome, and with a 16-kilovolt
long-distance power line (110 kms in length), which will provide access to
the existing network linking generating stations from Ghana to the Peoples
Republic of Benin. In August 1984, Hochtief AG in Essen received the contract
for the construction of the dam (147 ms long, 41 ms high) and the generating

station, worth DM 110 million. The generating station will be equipped with
two turbine generator groups (each of 31.5 megawatts) and is to receive one

more of the same installed output at a later time.

The French firm Sogreah in Grenoble and the Swiss firm Elektrowatt AG in
Zurich were brought into the project as engineering consulting companies.

They took over the detailed planning and the processing of the bid packages >

and are also to be responsible for supervising the construction. The project
will supply Togo and the People's Republic of Benin with electricity and
reduce their dependence on imported energy from the Volta River Authority
(VRA) in Accra and its hydroelectric plant at the Akosombo dam in Ghana.

Total costs for the undertaking, completion of which is planned for mid-1987,
are estimated at about DM 363 million. The FRG granted capital aid to the
People's Republic of Benin in July 1984 amounting to DM 22 million and in
August 1984 another DM 22 million to Togo to finance the electrical and
electromechanical equipment for the Nangbeto hydroelectric generating station.

Further participants in financing the project are the International Develop-
ment Association (IDA), with $ 30 million, the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic
Development (KFAED), with $20 million, the African Development Bank, with
$6.9 million, the Banque Arabe pour le Developpement Economique en Afrique
(Badea), with $10 million, the OPEC Special Fund, with $8 million, the French
state-operated Caisse Centrale de Cooperation Economique (CCCE), with $10.7
million, the French state-operated Fonds d'Aide et de Cooperation (FAC), with
$1.5 million, the Canadian International Development Agency (Cida), with

$9.2 million, and the United Nations Development Program, with $0.8 million.
CEB, the agency in charge of the project, is assuming financing in the amount
of $25.9 million. For this project supervisory control is in the hands of the
World Bank. .

The most important project of the above-mentioned OMVS, to which Senegal, Mali

and Mauretania belong, is presently under way in Mali, where the great Manan-

tali dam (1,433 ms long, 68 ms high) with an attached generating station (144

megawatts) is under construction on the Bafing, one of the three tributaries

of the Senegal. Storage volume is quoted as 11.3 billion m3, The FRG is .
participating heavily in this project. In 1982 it granted capital aid of

DM 166 million for partial financing of the project, for which total invest-

ment costs are estimated at about $700 million.

A Canadian-German-Swiss consortium, under the supervisory control of MAN
Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nuernberg AG in Augsburg, received orders in spring
1983 from the OMVS, valued at about DM 100 million, to delivery and assemble
the complete hydromechanical equipment. MAN's share will be DM 30 million.
The international consortium Entreprise de Construction du Barrage de Manan-
tali (ECBM) had already been entrusted with the construction of the dam and the
generating station, with a contract valued at about DM 630 million.

2



ZIMBABWE

ROAD PROJECTS FOR RURAL DISTRICTS
Bulawayo THE SUNDAY NEWS in English 7 Oct 84 p 5

[Text] A DM17 million road programme covering 14 rural districts in Zimbabwe
and funded by the Federal Republic of Germany starts early next year (1985).

A rural road specialist from the Federal Republic of Germany, Mr Erfried
Neubauer who is a regional economist and consulting engineer from the FRG
organisation. Gitec visited Murewa Kubatana District Council last month where
he said that the money would go on constructing and improving communal roads
in rural areas.

The 14 rural districts will have their new roads constructed and existing
ones improved by the end of next year, according to the MUREWA NEWS. The
programme is a joint effort by the governments of Zimbabwe and the Federal
Republic of Germany. .

Mr Neubauer said that one-third of the total amount of the funds needed for
the project would be provided by the Zimbabwe Government and Murewa Kubatana
District Council will benefit from five new roads and eight bridges which
will be constructed under the programme.

The specialist said that his organisation had been asked to develop a method
of economically evaluating the programme for the new roads and for improving
existing ones.

Mr Neubauer, who was accompanied by other specialists from his country also
met council works committees from Mutoko and Goromonzi to assess areas which
needed immediate attention.

The old Harare-Mutoko strip road has been a source of major problems The
road serves people from communal small-scale and resettlement farming areas
as well as linking the Chitowa Uzumba~-Maramba Pfunge, and Murewa areas to
Nyadire market centres and grain depots at Murewa.

Transporters and bus operators have discontinued using the old road and this
move had. placed many communal people in a difficult position as they did not
have any regular form of transport to rely on. It is hoped that the discus-
sions that were held between the specialists and his team, the Murewa dis-
trict administrator, Cde Bernard Chahuruva, the Murewa Kubatana District Coun-
cil officials, officials from Agritex and the District Development Fund will
result in the old road being upgraded.

cso: 3400/154
84



ZAMBIA

KAUNDA CRITICIZES COSTLY FIRMS
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 19 Oct 84 p 1

[Text] ZAMBIA must avoid international and local investors whose industries
depend on heavy imports of raw materials to produce goods, President Kaunda
said yesterday,

He was officially opening the Zambia Ceramics Factory (ZCF) in Kitwe.

"We must avoid the type of investor who knocks down a fully assembled car over-
seas in order to come and reassemble it here. We must avoid the investor who
sets up steel re-rolling mills here which are dependent totally on the imports
of scrap as a feedstock.

"When this is the case we must look hard at the possibility of other and
possibly sinister motives."

There were too many companies which have become notorious for making huge
profits out of the sale of worthless equipment to unsuspecting but trusting
developing countries.

“Let us substitute the import with the export, but in doing so, let us have
patience only for genuine restructuring."

He took a swipe at people who criticised parastatal organisations for every
economic problem encountered in commerce and industry. The companies should
be praised where praise was due and criticised only when they were in the wrong.

On Zambia Ceramics, Dr Kaunda said the company was an example of what was meant
by the restructuring of the economy in that it had not only embarked on produc-
tion of various goods that were in the past imported, but that the finished
goods would be made from mostly local raw materials.

The company was a "wonderful lesson in cooperation” in that it was established
because of co-operation between a large number of companies, semi-Government
organisations and the State.

The achievement made. by the company was testimony that the nation can succeed

in setting up a wholly Zambian company not dependent on large amounts of foreign
exchange.

77



ZAMBIA

NDOLA FIRM BEGINS PRODUCTION OF CHEMICALS
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 22 Oct 84 p 4

[Text] A NDOLA firm has begun producing two chemicals essential for the
manufacture of dry cells using local raw materials thereby saving Zambia
more than K250,000 in foreign exchange annually.

Commercial Industrial Trades (CIT) started producing zinc chloride and am-
momium chloride last month, managing director Mr Kingsley Lungu said.

CIT is already producing two tonnes of zinc chloride a day but full produc-
tion of ammonium chloride would be reached at the end of next month, Mr Lungu
said.

Iniports

The chemicals, which are being imported by several firms, use zinc from the
mining industry and ammonia from Nitrogen Chemicals but hydrochloric acid
still has to be imported.

"The cost in terms of foreign exchange to import the hydrochloric acid is
minimal since the chemical is fairly cheap on the overseas market," Mr Lungu
said. .

Zinc chloride is used largely in the manufacture of dry cells and batteries
and manufacturers of these import about 70 per cent of the raw materials.

Dying

It is used in the timber industry while ammonium chloride is used in galvanis-
ing, soldering and fabric dying.

CIT is considering exporting the chemicals but it is restrained by the short-
age of containers.

The problem of containers is not too serious now with the local market because

we recycle them. Customers return empty containers when they get chemicals," °
Mr Lungu said.

cso: 3400/171
80


Comrade Yosef stated that the tasks of the Agricultural Equipment and Tech-
nical Services Corporation include selecting suitable agricultural machinery
to be imported, requisitioning in time equipment needed for agricultural de-
velopment and accumulating and distributing such equipment. In addition, he
said, it undertakes feasibility studies of farm roads and irrigation canals
and carries out studies on Agricultural Development Projects for the Minis-
try of State Farms Development, the Corporations under the Ministry and other
Government agencies.

cso: 3400/182

18



0651538

JPRS-SSA-84-125

3 December 1984

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

Reproduced From DT!c Quarry
Best Available Copy | INSPECTED »

Ll
{ ") 990) _ DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A
_. Approved for Public Release
7 _ : Distribution Unlimited

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

FBIS
REPRODUCED BY
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE | .
US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 5
SEE VaR 5
4a



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

TANKER SINKS--A ZAMBIA Army petrol tanker on Wednesday sank into the Zambezi
river at Liyoyelo pontoon in Mongu district. The tanker was carrying 15,000
litres of regular petrol from the Government fuel depot in Mongu to the new
one which has just opened in Kalabo district. It was on its second trip to
Kalabo when it sank. Confirming the accident, Western Province under-secretary
Mr Leslie Mbula said the driver of the tanker managed to swim to the bank safe-
ly. Efforts were being made by the Swedish International Development Agency
(SIDA) who used the pontoon to ferry building materials to Kalabo to retrieve
the tanker. [Text] [Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 19 Oct 84 p 2]

cso: 3400/171

81



Here also the Blacks of Western Cape Province fit in and make the realism
of the Cape Province Nationalists part of the new South Africa which is now
being enlarged.

Restrictions on Blacks Lifted
Jchannesburg RAPPORT in Afrikaans 30 Sep 84 p 14

[Text] It was as if some people were waiting for the debate of the NP-
Congress of Cape Province on granting rights of quintrent-tenure to Blacks
in Western Cape Province and abolishing the labor priority policy for
Coloreds to be opposed.

Then the proposals were accepted unanimously! This is an indication of
how people's views have changed for the better. In the debate a couple

of voices were raised against it, but the reasoned reply of President

P, W. Botha to the debate made everyone realize that this policy change is
necessary.

If the restrictions on Blacks in western Cape Province were continued it
would eventually retard the economic development of the entire region
because whites and coloreds cannot provide enough people for labor needs.
The large number of Blacks who are already permanently situated there is
proof that this is so.

Quite rightly, President Botha showed that the problems of urbanization

can only be countered by means of a general strategy. This includes,

for example, not only housing in metropolitan areas, but also the development
of depressed areas. If Western Cape Province is not included in the plan

of action it will eventually become a depressed area.

We have proceeded for too long from the standpoint that the refusal of
rights for Blacks which have been forbidden, up to now, was an unchangeable
element in NP policy. In reality, it was a decision, based on considerations
of long ago, over how people ought to be arranged.

It is now shown to be impracticable. For this reason it is good that the
old policy be thrown out the door, as it were.

12494
cso: 3401/6

41



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

DROUGHT LIKELY TO BREAK--All the weather signs in Southern Africa point to
the drought being broken this rainy season. In Windhoek, the weather bureau
has forecast good rains for Namibia and Angola. The September-October
period is known as the "kleine reenen” (little rains) season, but isolated
showers have already fallen in Namibia's dry south. In Zimbabwe, early
scattered showers have raised hopes that the drought will break. Dams around
the country are still perilously low, and the Zambezi flow over the Victoria
Falls is at its lowest in living memory. Although late rains this year saved
the maize crop from total disaster, Zimbabwe's farmers are banking on a good
rain-fall this season to pull them out of debt. In Mozambique, people are
still dying from starvation in some areas and another famine is possible if
the drought is not broken soon. In Botswana, the traditional Okavango Delta
floods have started and are running higher, and stronger than they have done
in years. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Oct 84 p 4M] ©

cso: 3400/181



Previously, in 1983, Impresit completed construction of the Bakolori dam on
the Sokoto river, whose storage volume is 450 million m° of water. The dam is
making it possible to irrigate a cultivated area of 23,500 hectares. The pro-
ject authority for both undertakings is the Sokoto-Rima River Basin Develop-
ment Authority (SRBDA). Total investment cost for the Bakolori dam project is
quoted as about 400 million naira.

Hocon Ltd. in Lagos, a participating company of Philip Holzmann AG in Frank-
furt, has completed the Zobi dam in northern Nigeria and turned it over in
July 1983. The construction costs involved in this project amounted to DM
195 million. The 2,750-meter long, 18.9-meter high dam is primarily intended
for the irrigation of large cultivated areas.

In the Ivory Coast, the important Soubre dam project on the Sassandra river
has been postponed indefinitely. The edition of 7 March 1984 ("Serious
Shortage of Electricity in the Ivory Coast") brought a detailed report on this
subject.

In conjunction with the opening up of a bauxite deposit (Aye Koye) and the
construction of an aluminum works (100,000 tons of crude aluminum annually),
the construction of a dam with a generating station (375 megawatts) is in the
planning..stages in Guinea, in Souapiti on the Konkoure river, about 45 kms
east of Fria. New studies for this project have been drawn up by the British
engineering consulting firm Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners and the American
Bechtel Corporation. Two German engineering consultants, Energieplan GmbH in
Wiesbaden and Salzgitter Consult in Salzgitter, have been involved in another
hydroelectric generating station project, called Tinkisso II. They have
undertaken the completion of a comprehensive study.

In the area of the Organization for the Economic Improvement of the Gambia
River (OMVG) [Organisation pour La Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Gambia], to which
Gambia, Senegal, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau belong, construction of a dam in
Gambia and Senegal has begun and in Guinea the layout of two additional ones
has been planned.

9581
CSO: 3420/7



SOUTH AFRICA

BROEDERBOND RECOMMENDATIONS ON FINANCIAL POLICY
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Oct 84 p 16

[Text] Loan debts of local governments of Coloreds and Indians should be
written off entirely or in part as a "dowry", according to the Afrikaner
Broederbond [AB--Afrikaner Brothers League]. The AB also proposes an increase
in the AVB [General Sales Tax] in order to finance new non-white local govern-
ments. . .

The secret organization makes these controversial recommendations in a recent
circular dealing with the finances of local governments in the new government
system,

The Broederbond further recommends that the deficit appearing on the accounts
of colored and indian areas at the time of their becoming independent also

be subsidized by white municipalities over a ‘period of 10 years on a diminish-
ing basis and by way of an annual cash gift.

“The white municipality," reads the circular, "can also supply the private
services which it currently supplies to the colored and indian area, at cost
for a period of 10 years. Where practical, nearby industrial areas can pos-
sibly be incorporated in the new colored and indian municipalities after
appropriate consultation with all parties involved.

“Further, primary local authorities must be allowed to make trade profits

on the small-scale distribution of water, electricity, etc. It is accepted
and strongly recommended that profits from the sorghum beer industry be used
to finance black local authorities. Further, we are of the opinion that |
the sorghum beer industry should not be made private until the other sources
of income have been fully put into practice and apportioned.”

The AB recommends that the general sales tax be increased in order to make
non-white local governments financially viable.

"The principle of independent governments for the various population groups

is supported, and there are strong feelings as to the principles which must

be applied if these municipal authorities are to have a reasonable chance

of being financially viable and independent within the framework of the new

dispensation. In order to make especially new local governments financially

54


GUMEDE GETS TOP COMMUNIST 'FRONT' POST

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 1 Nov 84 p 7

{Article by Russel Gault:

[Text]

‘One of the three men hid-

ing in the Durban British
Consulate, Mr Archie Gu-
mede, has been given a
top appointment in a
communist international
front organisation.

It is the International
Association of Democrat-
‘ic Lawyers (IADL), estab-
lished by the Soviets with

other front groups after -

World War 2.

When told about the or-
ganisation’s background,
Mr Yunus Mahommed, of
the Natal Indian Con-
gress, said: “I don’t be-
lieve it. It’s rubbish.”

But later he said he
would examine informa-
tion he could gather

Soviet front organisations were estab-
lished to allow the Soviets to push com-
munism unobtrusively and to allow them
a number of different professional-orient-,
ed platforms to attack the West. Over
the years the fronts have been avoided by

‘most Western left-wing groups because of

their lack of credibility but they have
picked up members in the Third World. |

The fronts trade on ignorance and na-
ivete and control remains strongly in So-
viet-dominated hands. They evolved from
Lenin’s plan to further communism
through the manipulation of often well-
meaning but generally naive people —
“useful idiots” he called them.

about the body, its origins
and objectives.

Mr Gumede was ap-
“pointed vice-president at
the IADL’s world confer-
ence in Athens last week.

Its objective was and
remains today the ac-
complishment of precise-
:ly defined tasks set by
world communism with-
out the communist party
or government of a given
,country having to show
‘its hand.

AVAILABLE

Information about the
IADL and other front or-
ganisations is readily
;available from most
bookshops.

37

“Communism and Its SA Links"]

SOUTH AFRICA

When told more of the
‘group and its back-
, ground, Mr Mahommed
said he and his colleagues
were concerned about
;human rights and that
was what the IADL was
j about regardless. of the
country.

:_ He said the main legal
i body in ‘the West — the
iInternational Bar Asso-
ciation — held its last
pmeeting in Vienna and
the main topic of discus-
sion was computer law.

“T have colleagues
being detained under var-
ious laws in South Africa.
T have to fight for them.
iThe IADL fights for
them. That’s why our



Other firms and organisations should emulate ZCF and establish similar
ventures.

"So as I commission this plant, I call upon all’ people in Zambia and business
and technology in particular to innovate, to find new ways of ending this
dependence on foreign exchange."

Declined

Dr Kaunda praised parastatal companies which, he said, had become the backbone .
of all business and commercial undertakings in the country who depend on their
services or products,

At the same ceremony, Minister of Commerce and Industry Mr Leonard Subulwa
said consumption of ceramics products had declined because of shortage of
foreign exchange which would not be the case now that ZCF had gone into pro-
duction.

He said 90 per cent of ZCF products would consist of local raw materials.
Availability of foreign exchange would therefore not be a major constraint.

Indeco chairman, Mr James Mapoma told the President that the 16 years that have
elapsed since the introduction of economic reforms had vindicated the bold de-
cision to introduce the reforms.

Indeco was carrying out more research to ensure the use of local raw materials
in industry through cooperation with established scientific research bodies
suchas the NCSR.

The financing of ZCF, whose cost was K10 million was met through Indeco equity
contribution of K2.4 million and Zimco preference shares of K1.4 million.

ZCF general manager Mr Akashambatwa Mobikusita Lewanika explained various
points to the President who was accompanied by Chairman of Women's Affairs
Committee Mrs Chibesa Kankasa and other Party and Government leaders.

CSO: 3400/171 .

78



government, Cogema and the South Korean firm Kepco is also involved in uranium
exploration in the north Leyou region near Mounana where uranium deposits are
indicated. .

In the Ovala and Domdo Mobi sectors of the Eteke region of Gabon prospecting
for gold deposits has shown promise up to now. The above-mentioned firm
Comilog has also determined the existence of gold-bearing quartz rock in the
region for which it has prospecting rights.

The Societe des Mines der Fer de Mekambo (Somifer), an international joint
venture in which Exploration und Bergbau GmbH of Duesseldorf is a minority
shareholder, is continuing its ‘research and utilization of the high-grade iron
deposits of Belinga-Mekambo in northeastern Gabon and to this end has also
included the French engineering consulting firm Socomine of Paris which sub-
mitted its report to the government in June 1983. Socomine was subsequently
given the go-ahead for further investigations. Somifer anticipates production
and exports of 15 million metric tons of iron ore per year. Exploitation of
the iron ore deposits, however, depends on the construction of the Booue-
Belinga section (237 km) of the Trans Gabon Railway the construction of which
has not yet begun.

Another firm called Codemin has planned the development of the barite deposits
of Dourekki in western Gabon. Production was originally to have been 50,000
metric tons per year. This figure was reduced to 30,000 metric tons per year
in order to reduce investment costs. Potential export customers would be
primarily Cameroon, the People's Republic of the Congo and Angola.

12552
cso: 3420/8

25



SOUTH AFRICA

SABRA OPPOSES GOVERNMENT ON TENURE RIGHTS FOR BLACKS
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Oct 84 p 16

[Text] The establishment of a 99-year tenure right for blacks in Western Cape
Province shows that the government is no longer willing to enforce influx
control. This is what the South African Bureau of Racial Relations (SABRA

is now saying.

In a statement issued in Pretoria this research body expresses criticism
against this resolution adopted during the Cape Province's National Party
congress which has just been concluded. By adopting this sort of policy the
government has deviated drastically from the policy it followed previously
according to which the Western Cape has been regarded as a preferred area for
Coloreds.

In its statement SABRA says that it has learned with dismay of the change in
the policy with respect to the Western Cape Blacks, a policy that has existed
for more than 30 years. This change means a return to the situation that
existed before 1948.

Over the years SABRA has campaigned for a policy giving the Coloreds preference
in the Western Cape and still regards this as the natural labor region for the
growing Colored population. The influx and permanent establishment of Blacks
in this region will of necessity cause the dislodgment of Colored workers,
forcing them to seek an income elsewhere."

SABRA went on to say that it has advocated its viewpoint since 1953 at the
time when Dr Eiselen himself enunciated the policy with respect to the region,
south of what later became known as the Eiselen Line, during a congress of
SABRA held in Stellenbosch. Mr P.W. Botha was applying this policy when he
was minister of Community Development.

SABRA is now saying that this change of policy shows that the government is no
longer willing to apply influx control measures, especially when one considers
the fact that in 1979 Dr Piet KoornHof had already allowed some 15,000 persons
to come to the Cape Peninsula illegally and officials have openly admittéd to
the press that influx control in the Western Cape has been a failure. This
resolution can thus be taken as an inducement for. people to come to the Western
Cape.

42



Another significant oil deposit was discovered recently by the American
Tenneco Oil Company of Houston, Texas in an offshore area 50 km from the
harbor town of Port Gentil. Trial operation of the first exploratory well
produced 2400 bbl per day (1 bbl = 159 liters). In addition to the Tenneco
Oil Company in the management role with 50 percent holdings, the consortium
includes Conoco Petroleum Company Ltd. and the London & Scottish Marine Oil
PLC (Lasmo) of London with 25 percent each.

In Port Gentil the oil refinery of the Societe Gabonaise de Raffinage (Sogara)
and that of the Compagnie Gabon Elf de Raffinage (Coger) operate with an
annual capacity of one million metric tons each. In 1983 the two refineries
together processed 992,246 metric tons of crude oil. Crude oil exports in
1983 were 6.947 million metric tons worth about 550 billion CFA francs (100
CFA francs = about DM 0.65). Major customers were the U.S., France, Brazil,
Taiwan and the Antilles.

Gabon's manganese ore mining company is the Compagnie Miniere de 1'Ogooue
(Comilog) of Moanda which also maintains an office in Paris. Comilog, in
which the government has a 28.23 percent interest, was again able to increase
exports of manganese ore in 1983 to 1.905 million metric tons from 1.412
million metric tons in 1982 and 1.548 million metric tons in 1981. Manganese
exports were worth 36.5 billion CFA francs. Comilog is exploiting the Moanda
deposit in southeastern Gabon which with reserves of about 200 million metric
tons is among the largest in the world. The Trans Gabon Railway now under
construction will help to reduce future transport costs considerably.

The Societe Gabonaise de Ferro-Alliage (Sogaferro) has planned the construc-
tion of a ferromanganese complex in Moanda to have an annual capacity of
85,000 metric tons of ferromanganese and 50,000 metric tons of silicomanga-
nese. The expected investment for this project is about 25 billion CFA
francs. Shareholders in Sogaferro include the government with 10 percent,
Comilog with 15 percent, as well as European, American and Japanese share-
holders. The project is also being supported by the French government.

Uranium deposits are also found in southeastern Gabon near Franceville.

These deposits are being exploited by the Compagnie des Mines d'Uranium de
Franceville (Comuf) of Libreville which like Comilog has an office in Paris
(Neuilly-sur-Seine). In 1983 Comuf produced 1358 metric tons of yellow cake
containing 1006 metric tons of uranium. Exports amounted to 1250 metric tons
(metal content 927 metric tons) worth 23.2 billion CFA francs. These figures
also correspond to those of 1981 and 1982.

In June 1982 Comuf started up a new processing plant which cost about 15
billion CFA francs. Thus this company will be in a position to process
450,000 metric tons of uranium ore annually and to expand its production of
uranium to 1500 metric tons per year rather than the 1100 metric tons achieved
previously. Comuf is continuing its explorations, trying to research and.
discover further uranium deposits. The government of Gabon has 25 percent of
the capital holdings in Comuf, the French firms Compagnie de Mokta 28.1 per-
cent, Cogma 19 percent and Minatome 13 percent. Another shareholder is the
Compagnie Francaise de Minerai d'Uranium. A consortium comprising the Gabon

24



SOUTH AFRICA

RUITERWAG CULTURAL ORGANIZATION
Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 23 Oct 84 p 14
[Editorial]

[Text] The Afrikaner will destroy anything as long as he benefits politically
by it. Those were the apt words of the South African statesman John X.
Merriman, who himself was not an Afrikaner-hater, but he knew the people

of his country.

The far-right members of the Conservative Party who tried to take over the
Ruiterwag, a private cultural organization of young Afrikaners, today~-in
examining their consciousness sincerely--cannot feel very happy and satisfied
with the damage they caused to this organization.

The putting aside of the suspension of the president of the Ruiterwag by
the Rand High Court leaves them feeling like fools and rather disappointed.
But the damage has been done, and the division in Ruiterwag ranks will not
be easy to repair. ‘

For that is what the far-right pirates have tried to do. To gain political
advantage, a campaign was pursued against supporters of a yes-vote in the
1983 referendum. Those people had to be identified so that one could get
rid of them. The president of the organization was even (illegally) sus-
pended in advance.

It is unfortunate that the organization was not able to solve the dispute
amicably among its own members, but that instead it ended up in the court.
The hostile English-language press subsequently made public many confidential
matters of the Ruiterwag. The Ruiterwag and its confidential manner of work-
ing stood naked before all those who wanted to throw stones.

What lies ahead? It will be difficult to heal the wonds and exorcise dis-
trust. But political division among Afrikaners does not mean that cultural
division should also arise or continue in organizations.

If one looks at what still binds the Afrikaners together in spite of political
division, a world of cooperation and striving for ideals still lies open.

61



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

COFFERDAM PROJECTS IN WEST AFRICA FINANCED
Frankfurt/Main FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG in German 27 Sep 84 p 2

[Text] In West Africa large cofferdam projects are currently under way in
Senegal, Togo, Mali, Upper Volta, which is now called Burkina Faso, and
Nigeria. Others have been planned in the Ivory Coast, Gambia and Guinea.

These expensive undertakings, which are intended to serve in the control of
vivers, artificial irrigation and the generation of energy, are being financed
with the aid of international organizations, rich Arab oil nations and individ-
ual industrialized countries, among them the FRG. German engineering consult-
ing, construction and equipment companies have been involved to a large extent
in the distribution of contracts.

This applies to the construction of the Diama coffer dam in Senegal, which is
being built 30 kms from the coast on the Senegal River. The contract for
equipping this multipurpose dam, which is to be completed in 1985, went to a
consortium which includes, in addition to Krupp Industrietechnik GmbH and
Dusiburg-Rheinhausen, the two French companies of Strasbourg Entreprises (STR)
and Neyrpic. The dam will have, as part of its equipment, 7 floodgates with an
inside clearance of 20 meters and a damming height of 20 meters, which are
operated by chain winches.

The amount of the order also includes the switching and protective installa-
tion and the pumping equipment for the entire weir and sluice facility. The
order for the actual construction work, valued at 23.7 billion frs CFA (100
francs CFA = approximately DM 0.66) [CFA = Communaute Financiere Africaine]
went to a Franco-Spanish consortium. With the dam, the penetration of salty
seawater into the course of the Senegal can be prevented, and an arable area
of about120,000 hectares can be irrigated. In May 1984, France granted credit
to the Organisation pour La Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Senegal (OMVS) [Organ-
ization for the Improvement of the Senegal River], which is responsible for
the project, of 1.5 billion francs CFA (100 francs CFA = approximately DM 0.65)
through the state-operated Fonds d'Aide et de Cooperation (CFA) in Paris.

The French financial contribution to this undertaking will come to a total of
16.9 billion francs CFA.

In Togo the Communaute Electrique du Benin (CEB) in Lome, a company jointly
owned by both countries, Togo and the People's Republic of Benin, is carrying
out a project which is focussing on the construction of a dam (storage capac—



Unity is stronger than the reckless attempts and more deeply rooted than

the daydreams of the leaders of the Popular Front. The events were confirmed
by the consolidation of the fighters in the three parties militarily,
politically, and by mass support. The real armor of unity is the broad
masses who applauded it in crowded meetings where fear was introduced into
the hearts of the enemies and confidence was instilled in our brothers and
friends.

Unity has become real, tangible and its achievement is assured. Cohesiveness
and solidarity have increased. All are now in the same boat with mutual
understanding and they rely on a single popular base as they proceed toward
the same goal. By its recent aggression the Popular Front came face to face
with the Eritrean masses. The direct result will be evident in the near
future.

The political motives and meaning of the Eritrean-Eritrean struggle have
now become clearer than ever and the results will directly affect the
Eritrean-Ethiopian struggle because the earlier actions of the Popular Front
and its recent attack on our positions are all in the interest of the plans
of the Ethiopian enemy since the attack coincided with the deployment of
Ethiopian troops in some parts of the liberated countryside. The Ethiopian
enemy thus found volunteers to carry out what it was unable to do with all
its means to weaken and liquidate the Eritrean revolution by keeping it in
disarray and divided.

Because we are struggling to implement the tripartite agreement at the
scheduled date, we shall at, the same time work to affirm the unity of all
the Eritrean people with all its parties and factions. We will not allow
the Popular Front and its satellites to give false dimensions to the
Eritrean-Eritrean struggle. The force of unity will remain capable

of resisting the aggression and the feverish plots which the Popular Front
directs, of repelling its aggression, and frustrating its plans, which

are hostile to unity and democratic dialogue. The tripartite agreement will
be the introduction to the united Eritrean national effort which relfects
Eritrean aspirations for freedom and national independence. .

The three parties will represent the energy of the national forces which
combined their fighting tools for the sake of the greater national cause.
The Popular Front will be isolated from our people at home and abroad and
suspected by our brothers and friends because of its present stand.

History in the end will be made only by those who possess its tools and arm
themselves with its strategic weapons. In the vanguard of all this will
be the people. Suffice it to note here the reality of the recent mass
meetings held after the Khartoum agreement. We find in them the answer to
those who try to cast doubt on unity. We also find in them the response to
the question of how the Eritrean national future will be shaped.

Long Live the Eritrean revolution!
Glory and immortality to our martyrs
Higher Preparatory Committee for the meeting of the National Council

9 August 1984

5214
CSO: 3404/2 a



ZAMBIA

SWEDISH AGRICULTURE AID
Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 20 Oct 84 pl

[Text] SWEDEN is to give Zambia over K20 million next year to help the country
attain self-sufficiency in agriculture.

Announcing this at a signing ceremony at the Cooperative College yesterday,
Director of Planning and Coordination in the Ministry of Agriculture and Water
Development, Mr Francis Mbewe said the money will be released through the
Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA).

Mr Mbewe said the Swedish government has agreed to give Zambia K23,260,000
for the 1985 agricultural programme.

The money will be sharéd among the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Develop-
ment, the Ministry of Cooperatives, the Ministry of Lands and Natural Re-
sources and the Prices and Incomes Commission.

Mr Mbewe said Zambia's small-scale farmers have been under-utilised and the
Party and its Government was thankful to the Swedish government for coming to
Zambia's most urgent needs in agriculture.

With the help from Sweden, he said even the country's marketing policies which
have been threatened by hitches in transporting agricultural products will im-
prove. .

The signing ceremony was attended by Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of
Lands and Natural Resources, Mr George Pelekamoyo, Cooperatives Permanent
Secretary, Mr Yuyi Libakeni, acting Permanent Secretary of the National Com-
mission for Development Planning, Mr Wasamu Lufafa, and the Swedish Ambassa-
dor to Zambia, Mr Jan Olander. .

Speaking at the same occasion, head of SIDA office in Zambia, Mrs Brita Osberg
said her government was considering increasing aid because Zambia was putting
a lot of emphasis on agriculture.

cso: 3400/171

79



SOUTH AFRICA

SOCIOLOGIST ADVOCATES MORE LIBERAL MOBILITY FOR BLACKS
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 15 Oct 84 p 11

{Article by the Political Editorial Staff: "A National Strategy Needed in
South Africa"]

[Text] A national strategy for urban growth and urbanization must take the
Place of the existing system of control over the movement and settlement of
People. This is what Professor S.P. Cilliers, professor of sociology at the
University of Stellenbosch, said in Capetown this weekend.

Professor Cilliers was addressing the Cape Province congress of the New Republic
Party on the subject of influx control and urbanization. He said that such a
strategy must be a part of a national development plan directed at realizing

the reasonable aspirations of South Africa's people.

Professor Cilliers mentioned the following things as a guideline for developing
such a strategy:

The creation of deconcentrated growth points within urban areas alongside the
existing system of decentralized points outside the cities;

Control
The creation of spaces for informal economic activities;

A comprehensive housing program entailing controlled informal settlement and
maximum participation onthe part of the entire private sector;

The systematic dismantling and ultimate abolition of the Group Areas Act so
that the intra and inter-urban migration and circulation of the growing
developing sector can become a possibility;

Rural and agricultural reform which would include the restoration land rights
for Blacks in "white rural districts" and

52



SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

SECURITY AGREEMENT--Swaziland and Mozambique have signed a security accord to
prevent border clashes: the Swazi Commissioner of Police, Mr Simelane, said
the pact signed at the common border town of Lomahasha, but he gave no details.
The accord comes after violent clashes in April between Swazi security forces
and ANC terrorists. The clashes occurred when the terrorists fled to Swazi-
land after the signing of the Incomati accord by Mozambique and South Africa.
The accord stipulates that neither country may harbour or supports dissidents.
Swaziland has a similar accord with South Africa, and in July it expelled more
than 80 ANC members to Tanzania. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in
English No 50, Oct 84 pp 32-33]

SECURITY INCIDENTS--A Swazi soldier has been wounded in a shooting incident
between a Defence Force patrol and an unidentified group of armed men -in
northeastern Swaziland close to the border with Mozambique; the armed group
fled across the border into Mozambique. Meanwhile, police and army patrols
have been conducting a search in dense bush in northwestern Swaziland, members
of the ANC are believed to be hiding out in the area. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN
DEFENCE JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 33]

STUDENTS HELD--Two Mozambican students from Eduardo Mondlane University in
Maputo were arrested and held at Lomahasha police station for further inves-
tigation after having crossed into Swaziland illegally. The students, who
were caught along the Lomashasha border, had in their possession a pistol,
which they say they found lying with the dead body of a Mozambican soldier
on the other side of the border. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in
English No 50, Oct 84 p 33]

MOZAMBICAN REFUGEES' ARRIVAL--Nearly 400 Mozambican nationals who fled their
country and crossed the border into Swaziland illegally said they had no
desire to return to their motherland for fear of their lives. The refugees
said that MNR rebels were attacking them in their homesteads. [Text] [Paris
AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 33]

cso: 3400/141

76



ZIMBABWE

BULAWAYO FIRM TO EARN $1.9 MILLION FROM EXPORT NEXT YEAR
Bulawayo THE CHRONICLE in English Oct 84 p 6

[Text] A Bulawayo firm of exhaust systems manufacturers, Bosal Central
Africa (Pvt) Ltd., has made a major breakthrough in exports to Canada,
Belgium and South Africa.

"We expect our earnings to increase from the present figure of $750,000 to
$1.9 million next year, with South Africa being our main export market," says
managing director Mr Theo Nel.

The export potential showed a great deal of promise, with contacts already
established in Nigeria, the Gulf states and the United States.

The company had begun focusing its efforts on Malawi and Zambia, he said.

“After only three years of entering the export market. I think we have done
very well for our products which are manufactured to world standards.

"I am very optimistic about the future," said Mr Nel.

The company had suspended a major expansion programme to give Zimbabwe its
only precison tubing plant. When it was brought into production, the pro-
posed tubing plant would, in the initial stage, increase turnover at home
by at least $1.5 million, he said.

“We are, however, spending $500,000 to construct a warehouse for raw mate-
vials in January."

While business at home had been hit by the economic depression forcing produc-
tion down to 70 percent of capacity, 50 percent of the total production bill
went to exports.

“We are not a stagnant organisation, and we are always looking for a chance
to expand and diversify," said Mr Nel.

Only three years ago a major export drive had been launched, and during the
current year had been expected to yield no more than $120,000.

Mr Nel said two factors assisted the company's export effort. "Being labour

intensive, we can handle the smaller production grants and this makes us
competitive on the export markets."

82



SOUTH AFRICA

SAVIMBI'S PRESENCE IN CAPETOWN HINDERS ANGOLAN PEACE
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 18 Oct 84 p 4
{Article by the Foreign Correspondent: "Peace in Angola Possibly Hindered"]

[Text] The presence of UNITA leader Dr Jonas Savimbi at the inauguration of
President P.W. Botha in Capetown has probably done damage to the possibility of
reconciliation between South Africa and the MPLA government in Luanda.

This was the opinion expressed yesterday evening by Prof John Marcum before a
meeting of the Institute of International Affairs in Capetown. Professor
Marcum is vice chancellor of the University of California and an expert on
Angola.

He said that Angola feels threatened by UNITA which, according to public
statements by the MPLA government is still being supported by South Africa with
weapons and the training of soldiers. Moreover, the MPLA still remembers the
mass murders committed by UNITA in 1976 on retreating and south bound followers
of the MPLA. This too is hindering a reconciliation between the two movements.

Dr Savimbi's presence at President Botha's inauguration must have strengthened
this suspicion.

Professor Marcum said that if South Africa terminates its support to UNITA

this would not mean the end of this movement. The late Shah of Iran gave so
much money to UNITA in the seventies that the movement has not yet spent all of
it. The movement is also getting help from Saudi Arabia and other countries
around the Persian Gulf and this is being channeled ‘through Zaire.

He warned that the Soviet Union would not lightly accept the demise of the MPLA
regime. The set-back which the country suffered with the conclusion of the
Nkomati Treaty was a diplomatic one and it accepted that unwillingly.

However, a set-back in Angola will be of a military nature and it will not
resign itself to that. Professor Marcum said that he thinks that a resolution
of the Angolan question is therefore impossible without the involvement of the
Soviet Union.

7964
cso: 3401/37

59



SOUTH AFRICA

POLITICAL AIMS OF NOBEL PEACE PRIZES CRITICIZED
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 17 Oct 84 p 10
{Editorial: "Nobel Prize for 'Peace'"]

[Text] The jubilation in leftist circles over the granting of the Nobel Peace
Prize to Bishop Desmond Tutu is nothing strange. It has always been granted
from the point of view of a certain political prospective which evidently has
little to do with peace. It is regrettable, but clear, that this prize has

lost some of its value and does not enjoy the high regard of the Nobel Prize
for physics, chemistry or medicine.

Last year when the Peace Prize was awarded to Lech Walesa, the leader of Soli-
darity in Poland, some misgivings were also expressed in these columns with
respect to that choice. Admittedly Mr Walesa's struggle did capture the world's
imagination, but that was not a struggle for peace. The impression was that

the prize was given mainly for the purpose of dealing a blow to the Soviet
Union.

As is now the case for Bishop Tutu, the peace prize in 1961 was given to Chief
Albert Luthuli, the erstwhile chairman of the National African Congress, and
that was for political reasons--an attempt to get at the*South African govern-
ment for its racial relations policy.

The chief secretary of the South African Council of Churches is known for his
highly controversial pronouncements. An example of this is represented by a
statement he made in the United States a few years ago to the effect that the
South African government had appointed the Eloff Commission to look into the
matter of the South African Council of Churches and that by so doing the
government gave notice that it was a crime to be a Christian. Among other

things the commission discovered fraudulent dealings in the financial affairs
of that organization.

Ever since then Bishop Tutu made open threats to Coloreds and Indians who dared
to take part in the new constitutional order of things.

He said that the South African soldiers at the Angolan border are the "real
terrorists," and so on...

With such wild utterances he has done damage to the cause of peace...and the
Nobel Prize for Peace is not going to change his image in South Africa.

7964

32
CsO: 3401/37



"The interaction between ocean and atmosphere is believed to cause droughts and
floods," Mr le Roux said.

"By studying the seasonal and annual changes in weather, meteorologists hope
to reach the stage where they are able to forcast these events."

cso: 3400/181

72



SOUTH AFRICA

ACTION AGAINST UDF HELPS ANC ACCORDING TO NAUDE
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 17 Oct 84 p 3

[Text] Pretoria--Government action against the United Democratic Front
(UDF), based on the claim that it is a front organization of the ANC, merely
strengtens the image of the ANC for the millions of people who support the
UDF, Dr Beyers Naude said yesterday at a meeting of the Pretoria Press Club.

The ANC has the support of 50 percent or more of the blacks in the country.
He wouldn't be surprised if South Africa were ultimately faced with a situa-
tion similar to that of SWAPO, in which it is generally accepted that SWAPO
would have overwhelming support in a free election.

Dr Naude referred to certain "realities and developments" which could help
South Africa in approaching the future more realistically and more respon-
sibly than is the case now:

--A policy which does not have the loyalty and voluntary support of the major-
ity of the people in the country will necessarily fail

--the large majority of black, colored and Indian inhabitants of the country
will never support or accept the current constitutional dispensation. The
situation can ultimately become so serious that any Blacks, Indians or
Coloreds serving in a government body may be in danger of losing their lives
because they will be seen as a clear symbol of suppression and domination;

--a new consciousness has grown among workers and students during the past

3 to 4 years, and that is developing into a confrontation between the Govern-
ment and workers in the area of labor and between the Government and students.
in the the area of education.

--a majority government, and in that case a black majority government, will
ultimately have to arise in South Africa. The important question is not
when that will happen, but whether the white community is willing to accept
the responsibility for such a realistic development and to prepare itself
for that; and

--a relatively peaceful change is still possible if the Afrikaner is prepared
to take leadership and bring about fundamental change. If that is not done,

33



but rather to make each group constantly recall its identity.
Separate political structures cannot again be created if the
opposition to racial miscegenation breaks down. On the other

“hand, segregation in all domains must be broken down if a po-
litical structure is the ultimate goal.

8117
CSO: 3401/34

48



ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

FEEDER ROAD SERVICE--Ambo (ENA)--Some 10,000 members of the Tikur district
peasants’ youth and women's associations in Jibat Mecha province of Shoa
region built a 40-km feeder road during a work campaign undertaken recently.
The feeder road will link the district with Ambo and Nono-districts and with
Bolona and Toki service cooperatives, according to Comrade Sissay
Sahlemariam, the district administrator. [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN
HERALD in English 27 Oct 84 p 6]

CZECHOSLOVAKIAN DONATION--The government of the Czechoslovak Socialist Repub-
lic yesterday donated way-bridge scales and a vehicle to the Ethiopian
Standards Institution. The scales, which will be used to determine truck-
loads of goods or other exceptional weights were handed over to Comrade Akbirom
Tedla, General Manager of the Ethiopian Standards Institution, by Comrade Brumer
Paval, Commercial Counsellor of the Czechoslovak Embassy .in Socialist

Ethiopia, at a ceremony held within the institution's compound. In a state-
ment on the occasion, Comrade Akbirom said that the scales would render inval-
uable services for the promotion of international trade. He noted the ex-
penses incurred as a result of using incorrect balances and thanked the
Czechoslovak Government for the donation. Speaking on his part, Comrade

Pavel pointed out the benefits of the scales in the activities of Revolution-
ary Ethiopia in the industrial and commercial fields. [Text] [Addis Ababa
THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 26 Oct 84 p 1]

ALEMAYA POLICE STATION--Harar (ENA)--An office for a police station at
Alemaya district built at a cost of 43,428 birr with labour provided by mem-
bers of the Revolutionary Police of Hararghe region became operational
Saturday. The police station was opened by Comrade Col. Tsegaye Azene,
Commander of the Revolutionary Police of Hararghe region. Comrade Tsegaye
noted on the occasion, that less cost was involved in construction owing to
the efforts and creative abilities of the members of the Revolutionary Police.
The office has 12 rooms two of which will be used for a library and discussion
forum activities. A total of 39,341 birr was saved because of the participa-
tion of the members of the Revolutionary Police. [Text] [Addis Ababa THE
ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 23 Oct 84 p 3]

COMBAT TRAINING CENTER--Awash (ENA)--Various facilities built by members of

the Ground Forces in connection with the 10th anniversary celebration of the
revolution and the Founding Congress of the Workers Party of Ethiopia were

21



Refined

We ought to have learned in time from the experience of the United States
and Europe and search for more refined ways of settling conflicts.

Especially needed are ways of recognizing frustrations iu time and of solving
the problem before arsonists stazi uoving from sture to store.

Damages

If one thinks of situations in the past when it was necessary to call in
the armed forces to keep disturbances under control, one realizes that the
presence of soldiers can only be justified when a country is at the point
of chaos.

Just think of 1922 or even 1961, and of how long it took the country to reco-
ver from its damages afterward.

The summoning of troops has an intimidating symbolic significance: it announ-
ces in an unambiguous manner that the government is not interested in listen-

ing to complaints and grievances and that it is ready to shoot. History

is full of examples in which the use of troops did not mean the end of distur-
bances, but the beginning of revolutions.

Coincidentally?

The: recent annountement that from now on troops would perhaps be used in

a supportive role during disturbances (which meanwhile has been revoked)

was probably interpreted in many places abroad as a confirmation of the fact
that the long-awaited South African "revolution" was now entering its "hard"
phase and that the police could no longer control it.

That cannot contribute to faith in our economy.

Or might it be coincidence that this week the rand decreased to a low of
57.38 American cents?

8700
cso: 3401/11

51



SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANER IDENTITY, UNITY
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 18 Oct 84 p 22
(Editorial: "Our Unity"']

[Text] There must have been some Afrikaners who choked on their breakfast
yesterday morning while reading this headline in BEELD: /"Afrikaner Unity
Not So Important"/--a report on the article of Dr Lourens du Plessis in the
magazine WORD AND DEED.

The essence of Professor du Plessis' message is, amongst other things, that
the Afrikaner must not protect himself and his culture against discord to
such an extent that he becomes powerless and, also, that a divided nation-
hood is not the strongest bond to tie people together.

Professor Du Plessis could have added that complete Afrikaner unity has never
existed. Even during the Great Trek into the wilderness, when Afrikaners
needed each other more than ever, they quarreled and some of them went their
own way.

Perhaps the Afrikaner is too much an individual. Perhaps his best quality--
not bowing his head for anyone on earth--is also his weakest, and this might
often lead to the situation that when he starts fighting with his own Afri-
kaner brother, he "takes his hat and runs." in many cases farther than he
initially planned to run,

It is not always wrong, however, as in the case of the recent political divi-
sion. If Afrikaner unity were to mean in this case that South Africa should
remain bogged down in its unimaginative political thinking, it would not

only have been a mistake, but a disaster for the country.

But Professur Du Plessis still makes another point we want to stress: the
Afrikaner should abandon his childishness and learn--in spite of deep politi-
cal differences--to continue to talk politics together.

And also: the struggle for the soul of South Africa will be decided on the
age-old battlefield of light and darkness, and not at Afrikaner cultural
congresses where the far right and the not so far right egg each other on.

8700
cso: 3401/9 60



CAPE VERDE

Briefs
Airport Project

ETHIOPIA

Communique Denounces EPLF Attacks
(AL-THAWRAH AL-IRITRIYAH, Apr-Jun 84).........0s008 see eeees

Dam, Recreational Ground Inaugurated in Kaffa
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 23 Oct 84).......eeeeeeees see ceeeeee

Comrade Fikre-Selassie Inaugurates New Corporation
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 27 Oct 84).......eeeeeces sete ee eeee

Efforts To Strengthen Industrial Sector of Economy Urged
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 28 Oct 84)...

Briefs
Feeder Road Service
Czechoslovakian Donation
Alemaya Police Station
Combat Training Center

GABON.

Foreign Aid for Hydroelectric, Methane Gas Projects
(FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT,
10 Sep 84)..

LESOTHO
Briefs
List of Weapons Withheld
Minor Cabinet Reshuffle
Mutiny Verdict
MOZAMBIQUE

Ordinary Citizens Attacked Regularly by Bandits
(THE STAR, 22 Oct 84)..

RWANDA

Foreign Capital Aids in Mineral, Petroleum Development
(FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT,
4 Oct 84)... cee ee eee eee Dee eee eet e cece neces een wenene .

13

14

16

17

19

21
21
21
21

23

27

28



This is one side of the issue.

Another side of it is that the old ideal of a Colored priority area in
Western Cape Province still appears not to be attainable. Not the least
because the people it was presumed to help and protect, the Coloreds,
evidently did not share that view!

This is yet another serious warning to those of the far right, whose pipe
dreams of a priority territory for Coloreds in Western Cape Province are
going to remain suspended.

As time went on it looked as though the idea of a priority territory
for Coloreds would be harmful to the economy of Western Cape Province.
Meanwhile the influx of Blacks, especially from the Transkei, continued.

The influx was primarily of semi-skilled and unskilled persons. In a
country which is already wrestling with a too high percentage of untrained
people, it has worsened the attendant problem of poverty in Cape Town.

In squatters' camps such as Kruispad, health problems, situations of
deprivation and malnutrition are rampant.

The acceptance of the permanent residency of certain Blacks has its initial
outcome the granting of a ninety-nine tenure to inhabitants, especially
of the new residential area of Khayelitsha.

People from squatters’ camps such as Kruispad will then be in a position
to build their own huts or houses. in Khayelitsha, where the basic cores
of residential units are provided, and can be enlarged by a person as he
wishes, using relatively inexpensive construction materials placed at his
disposal.

Relocation such as this will be much more acceptable, and on an international
level as well. In point of fact, among Whites there is considerable
mobility of this type; they move from one house in a suburb to another
without making a fuss over it. In their case it is just not a matter of
compulsory relocation.

A further advantage will possibly be that a more fixed, stable black
population can, themselves, help make immigration problems more manageable.
It will certainly be in their own interest to help stop squatters’ conditions
from developing.

Immigation controls will still have to be enforced. Naturally it will be
much easier if the new strategy of economic decentralization and
deconcentration points succeeds in creating more growth points in depressed
areas. Particularly in agricultural regions, small farmers can raise

their production much higher in the richer agricultural soil of the eastern
parts of the country.

All these things will have to be coupled with an urbanization strategy,
to which the Government gives high priority.



legal organisations, the
Democratic Lawyers’ As-
sociation is affiliated to
the IADL.

“But we will not be
dictated to on political or
ideological grounds. To
Say the IADL is commu-
nist is just as easy as say-
ing all western groups
have been inspired by the
CIA (United States Cen-
tral Intelligence Agen-
cy)”

He agreed there was a
danger in people belong-
ing to groups inspired
and directed for ideologi-
cal reasons, when they
did not realise it.

The IADL was founded
on October 26 1946 in
Paris by ‘the communist
French Lawyers’ Move-
ment. Many non-commu-
nists attended but by 1958
the one-sided nature of
the body had driven them
out.

Professor Mike Hough,
head of the Institute of
Strategic Studies at Pre-
toria University, said the
nature of the IADL and
its sister front organisa-
tions was well known al-
though many people were
unaware of their true

background. ~

One of his staff, Mr D
Booyse, said the Soviet
writer and dissenter, Vla-
dimir Bukovsky, who
spent years in prisons

cso: 3400/181

and labour camps for his
beliefs, was traded in the
1970s for an imprisoned
Chilean communist.
Bukovsky wrote in his
book “The Peace Move-
, Ment” and in the Soviet
Union ofthe’ Way in
which innocent and well-
Meaning people were
manipulated by activists
to carry out the aims of
the Soviet Union and be-
; come what Lenin called
* “useful idiots”.
The 1983 Yearbook on
* International’ Communist
, Affairs, published by
* Stamford University in
the United States, says
: evidence shows the front
, §toups to be controlled
; by the International De-
* partment of the Commu-
nist Party of the Soviet
* Union.
i It says in addition to

through the ID and
headquarters personriel,
co-ordination of front ac-
tivity appears to be ef-
fected by the WPC. This
makes sense because the
Soviets. consider the
“peace movement” the
most important joint-ac-
tion by the “anti-imperi-
alist” forces, ”
The front groups in-
clude the World Peace
Council (WPC), World
Federation of Trade
Unions (WFTU), Women’s

38

_Soviet control of each

International Democratic
Federation (WIDF), Afro-
Asian People’s Solidarity
Organistion (AAPSO), In-
ternational Organisatian
of Journalists (10J),
Christian Peace Confer-
ence (CPC), Internationg]
Association of Democrat-
ic Lawycrs (IADL), Inter-
national Union -of Sty-
dents (IUS), World Feder-
ation of Democratic
Youth (WFDY) and World
Federation of Scientific
Workers (WFSW). “y

The National Union’ of
South African Students
(NUSAS) is affiliated to,
the IUS. »

Mr Booyse said the
fronts worked in such a
way little if any criticistp

*, of the Soviet. Union:ant

lies surfaced a
criticism was directed at
Western nations. an
e Ina telex to The Stat
Mr CJ Albertyn, seer
tary of the Damostait
Lawyers’ Association, hab
vigorously denied that
the international organt
sation of which his body
has been an affiliate for
the past six years, is a
communist front. Howey
er, it is listed as a com-
munist front organisation
in the 1983 edition of the
authoritative Yearbook
on International Commu-
nist Affairs, edited by Ro-
bert Wesson.



FOOD AID VITAL IN BUSHMANLAND -

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 31 Oct 84 p 3M

[Text]

CAPE TOWN — Increas-
ing numbers of hungry
Bushmanland families

_meed daily food aid

. through Operation Hun-

_ ger to keep their children
alive, according to a Red
Cross spokesman in Cape
Town.

Last winter about 5 000
children were fed daily
hot meals at schools in
the O’Kiep, Nababiep and
Springbok areas through
the Operation Hunger
feeding scheme, but over
the past two months the
demand has increased
dramatically.

More than 8000 chil-
dren now Yeceive daily
portions of milk and
bread — often their only
meal — and requests for

cso: 3400/181

The children of Bushmanland, which is
now in its seventh year of drought, are
suffering from serious malnourishment.
The Red Cross is at present feeding 8 000
of them daily, with food supplied through
Operation Hunger, but numbers are in-

creasing.

help from other schools
in the area are pouring
into the Red Cross’s
Western’ Cape office
every day.
DISTRIBUTION

Mrs Hazel Morris of
the Red Cross said they
distributed food supplied.
through Operation Hun-
ger and the situation,
especially in the Bush-
maniand area, was wors-
ening rapidly.

Bushmaniand is in its
seventh year of drought
and farmers have been
forced to seek employ-
ment in the cities, leav-
‘ing farm workers’ fami-
lies without employment.

“These families have
traditionally worked on
those farms for genera-
tions but most are now
wandering about, looking
for work elsewhere or
simply waiting for better
times to come, without

SOUTH AFRICA

any other source of in-
come,” Mrs Morris said.

“The only other possi-
bility for employment
might be the copper
mines, which unfortuna-
tely. also laid off a large
number of people be-
cause of the poor eco-
nomic situation.

SUFFERING

“As there are no other
resources these people
can turn to, the children
are suffering from in-
creasing malnourishment
and face starvation un-
less they are helped,” she
said.

Mrs Morris urged the
public to help where they
could. They can contact
Operation Hunger at PO
Box 97, Johannesburg
2000.



MOLAPO PROJECT AIMS AT SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN FOOD

Gaborone BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS in English 22 Oct 84 p 6

[Text]

MAUN: A pilot project which has
been launched here could be the
forerunner of the development of
anew breadbasket for Botswana,
according to most people.

The Government, with the help
of the Federal Republic of
Germany has embarked on what
Iscalled the Molapo Development
Project which is aimed at achieving
and maintaining self-sufficiency
{nm the production of food and
raising the standard of living,
particularly of low-income rural
families around the Shorobe area
in the North West District.

Four experts from Germany
are involvd in the project.

‘The group Research Agronomist
Mr Axel C. Kiele who is also the
Project Manager, said in an
interview that the long-term
objective is to promote the

cso: 3400/170

Improvement of Molapo
agriculture in the Ngamiland
District. -

The Project was started in
September, 1983 and its
development is in three phases
until September, 1986. The
immediate aim is to introduce
improved water and crop
management systems and to
popularise such systems and the
adoption of the produce to the
local communities,

Mr Kiele said for instance 300
hectares had beendeveloped fora
pilot unit of the project.

This pilot project is expected to
favourable recommendations

and an overall strategy for the
development of the main Molapo
Development Agricultural scheme.
‘The Manager went on to say
one. of the preconditions for a

successfull development of Molapo
scheme in the long run is to
acquire a secure and sufficient
water supply for the irrigation of
cultivated areas even in years of
Tow floods.

Improved water management
Is yet another aim in order to
protect cultivated areas against
flooding and the conveyance of
water In the Molapo to more
distant farming areas.

More bund share are also being
upgraded for flood production.

Bunds which are under
construction with labour
unintensive methods are at Xere,
Tshonxomo, Gabamochaa,
Katamaga and Mazanga, said
Mr Kiele.

According to the Manager costs
per a meter bund vary between
P20 and P50.

BOTSWANA

Oncrop management Mr Kiele

said measures were being taken

to take appropriate crop

management in the area in order

tostep up increase food production
that is yield per unit area,

This takes the form of selection
of high yielding varieties,
determination of optimal plant
populations under dry and wet
conditions, introduction of

~ Implements for row planting and

mechanical weeding, application
of kraal manure and fertilizer,
crop rotation, assesment of
different village methods on the
efficiency of the draught power
and Introduction of new crops.

A number of demonstrations
and fnvestigations have already
been carried out on different flelds
and the results obtained are
encouraging.



Mot enough good teachers. Many of the students are already much older than
the average white student at the university, and to make space for new
students, there is pressure on the older students either to pass or to leave
school,

So many dyufrnyd in their early twenties must create a terrible problem for
any education authczity. On the cther hand, it is not surprising that they
demand representative students' councils and rebel against corporal punishment
at school.

Components

One can only wish Minister Viljoen success with the road his department has
taken. It shows a willingness to listen to black complaints.

It is clear that he has decided that if one does not want to be overwhelmed
by the scope and complexity of a problem, it must be converted into as many
components as possible. These smaller problems must then each be treated
on an individual basis,

South Africa will very badly need this type of pragmatic approach in the
future. One's instincts predict that in the future there will be more school
unrest and unrest in black neighborhoods.

Experience in other parts of the world have taught that frustrations in a
community are related to its peoples’ self-confidence and increasing standard
of living, Thus one may expect the frustrations of the growing black middle
class to increase more severely than the rate at which their expectations
can be met through reforms. :

Answer

The more sophisticated a community becomes, the less effective "violence"
becomes as an answer to civil unrest.

The unrest experienced by Soweto in 1976 was basically different from the
riots which regularly broke out in Alexandra in the fifties. The colored
school unrest which took place in the Cape province in 1980, in its turn
was much more sophisticated than the Soweto disturbances.

One might wonder how a prosperous community such as Sebokeng, where black
homeownership was already well established, could explode in the manner in
which it exploded.

Europe and the United States realized with a shock during their student riots
of the sixties that more violence would only elicit more violence--to the
point where something which started as a disturbance could start to take

on the dimensions of a civil war, and then the sparks fly far outside the
area where the disturbance broke out.

50



SOUTH AFRTCA

INTEGRATION IN BUSINESS DISTRICTS OPPOSED
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Oct 84 p 5

[Text] The two rightist parties in the Pretoria city council
have put up a strong opposition to the possible opening up of
the municipal business district [to non-whites], as well as to
the increasing integration at the level of local government.

In a marathon debate of more than eight hours--the longest in
the history of the city council--among the other predictions

made was one that the ruling Federation of Taxpayers’ Unions

(FBV) will bé beaten in the next election.

The leader of the HNP in the council and the MP for Ward 29,
Dr Piet Barnard, said that the group districting law is one.of
the pillars of the policy of separate development. At great
cost the central business district has been segregated for the
whites. "It is illogical to terminate that system and once
again to place it in reverse gear," explained Dr Barnard.

According to Mr Paul Fouche (Cape Province, Ward 10), the law
in question ignores the right of an individual to claim that
business-zoned property should be accessible only to whites.
Besides, the bill not only refers to central business districts
but also makes provision for free trade districts in the. sub-
urbs.

Mr Fouche said that the bill is a free ticket for integration

in business districts even before it officially appears in the
code of law. In several locations Pretoria is already filled

with non-whites.

Mr Piet Rudolph (HNP, Ward Two) said that the group districting
law stands in the cross fire now. The whites of Pretoria are
never consulted about the establishment of integrated business
districts--the pressure comes from the coloreds and the Indians.

56



BOTSWANA

BRIEFS

KALAHARI OVERGRAZED--GABORONE--The Kalahari is being steadily denuded by over-
grazing, says Botswana Society chairman Mr Alec Campbell. "It may take 40,

60 or 100 years, but it is happening and the slope is downwards," says Mr
Campbell, who is regarded as an expert on the country and is the author of
"The Guide to Botswana", His warning is supported by a United Nations Environ-
mental Programme report which stated that Botswana's rangelands were suffering
vapid and accelerating degradation. The only remedy, the report ventured, was
substantial control of the three to four million cattle population. Mr
Campbell says the degradation is perpetrated by two classes of cattle-owners:
the poor who crowd around the communal boreholes and the rich who have the re~
sources to move into fresh areas. Sixty-five percent of Botswana's cattle
graze in the communal areas, said the Programme report. When a borehole's
pump breaks down, the herders trek to the next borehole, regardless of how
many cattle are feeding there already. "This is where the real degradation is
taking place," says Mr Campbell. As the land about their boreholes deterior-
ates, many farmers, rather than reduce their herds, move to fresh pastures and
drill new boreholes. Even more critical then the deterioration of the Kala-
hari is the future of the small man in Botswana's national industry. Mr
Campbell says the poor cattle-owners are being forced out of business and
cattle are concentrating in the hands of the rich. [Text] [Johannesburg

THE STAR in English 25 Oct 84 p 24]

cso: 3400/170

10



JPRS-SSA- 84-125

3 December 1984

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Cofferdam Projects in West Africa Financed

(FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG, 27 Sep 84)........000. wane eeceeee see. 1
Briefs
Drought Likely To Break . 5
ANGOLA ‘
Briefs
Soviet Materiel 6
Soviets Install Storage Tanks 6
FNLA Claims 6
BOTSWANA
Drought Situation Deteriorating
(BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS, 22 Oct 84)...... Smee cece cee ceeeeees 7
Molapo Project Aims at Self-Sufficiency in Food
(BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS, 22 Oct 84)........4. 8
FRG Singles Out Nation as Most Worthy of Development Aid
(BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS, 22 Oct 84)........eeeee- see e wee ceee 9
Briefs
Kalahari Overgrazed 10
BURUNDI
German Financial, Technical Aid for Hydroelectric Projects
(FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT,
3 Sep 84)... eeeee 11

-ae- {III - NE & A - 120]



The MNR's stipulative strength is furthermore enhanced by the critical situation
in which the Machel government now finds iteslf. As an example the MNR

recently claimed that it was already in combat with FRELIMO forces in the suburbs
of Maputo. .

.The thing which is arousing concern more than anything else is the evident
willingness on the part of the South African government to send its troops to
Mozambique in order to maintain "peace." According to information given by

Mr Pik Botha to a Johannesburg newspaper the South African troops will be used
for many other tasks and will be aided in restoring the crumbled Mozambican
economy back to its feet.

Mr Botha told the newspaper in question that the troops would be used to build
roads, rebuild old ones, plow fields and provide dental health services.

Nkomati 'Tremendous Embarrassment’
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Oct 84 p 1

[Text] The Nkomati Treaty concluded between the South African government and
Mozambique is about to fail and become a tremendous embarrassment for the
government.

After it became apparent that the so-called "Declaration of Pretoria" is almost
devoid of any content, Mozambican Foreign Minister Jaoquim Chissano launched

a poisonous attack on South Africaat the United Nations. In a speech before
the General Assembly Chissano accused South Africa of "aggression" and
"destablization" branding the government as a "racist minority government."

He reasserted his government's support for the ANC [African National Congress
saying that the United Nations must force South Africa to negotiate with
terrorist organizations.

According to Chissano the Nkomati Treaty came into being at the initiative of
Mozambique and has created the conditions for economic development and the
building of communism. Chissano went on to say that in so doing South Africa
has accepted a new approach.

Nothing has yet resulted from Nkomati--except a large scale South African aid.
Although, for obvious reasons, figures are not available automobile travelers
on the roads of Eastern Transvaal tell of great convoys of trucks carrying
food on their way to Maputo.

Chissano's speech at the United Nations has brought to light that the Mozambican

government is attaching a totally different interpretation to Nkomati than is
being presented to its public by the South African government.

7964
cso: 3401/36

31



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

NUCLEAR ENGINEER TRAINING--Pretoria--The training of nuclear engineers in
South Africa is going to get a shot in the arm with the establishment of

a chair in Nuclear Engineering--the first in the country-~at the University
of Pretoria. The chair will be established in January 1985. Dr W.A. Schuman,
senior manager at the Uranium Enrichment Corporation of South Africa (UKOR),
was appointed as the first occupant of the chair, amongst other reasons due
to his especially broad experience in power generation from nuclear energy.
During the past two decades the nuclear industry has developed into one of
the largest industries in South Africa. In spite of this fact, that develop-
ment has had little effect on the training of nuclear engineers. [Text]
[Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 5 Oct 84 p 5] 8700 .

DIE PATRIOT REVIVAL PLAN~-Pretoria--The leader of the Conservative Party, .

. Dr Andries Treurnicht, has written a letter to all the registered members
of the KP [Conservative Party] paper, DIE PATRIOT, in which money is asked
for expansion of the paper. In the letter, which was signed by Dr Treurnicht
personally, all the members of the KP are asked to send money so that DIE
PATRIOT can be expanded into a weekly paper and later into a daily paper.
The letter signed by Dr Treurnicht apparently forms part of an extensive
campaign by the KP to expand the paper. During its annual national congress
in Kimberley last weekend, the KP unanimously decided to start a campaign
to collect 1 million rands for expansion of DIE PATRIOT as the KP organ.
Electoral divisions were charged with acquiring money and subscribers for
DIE PATRIOT. A proposal to change the name of the paper because of the
“stigma of bankruptcy and failure" attached to the paper was rejected during
the weekend congress. [Text] [Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans
29 Oct 84 p 5] 8700

SUNFLOWER SEED OIL FUEL--Johannesburg--It won't be electric motors which

will enable South Africans in a few years' time to remove the fuel tiger

from the tank. Everything is going very well with the project of putting
flower power in tractor tanks of the country's farmers. All that is needed--
and wanted by no one--is an emergency fuel situation. The technology to
develop sunflower oil and other vegetable oils in such a manner that they can
be used as substitutes for diesel oil has already been "sorted out" and has
given South Africa an international break-through, An agricultural engi-
neering spokesman in Pretoria told DIE VOLKSBLAD that the work still in pro-
cess now is only refinement work in the manufacturing process with respect

73



ETHIOPIA

EFFORTS TO STRENGTHEN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF ECONOMY URGED
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 28 Oct 84 p 1

[Text] The industrial sector of the economy should be noticeably strengthened
in order to cope up with the drought-engendered food shortage, and to pro=
duce raw materials for industry and export.

This was stated by Comrade Fikre-Selassie Wogderess, Politbureau member of
the CC of the WPE and Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers, when he
visited the Ministry of State Farms Development Friday and the Ministry of
Coffee and Tea development yesterday during which he was briefed on action
programmes for 1984-85.

Comrade Fikre-Selassie gave directives following visits to the two ministries.

Comrade Fikre-Selassie said at a meeting held in the Ministry of Coffee and Tea
Development that the achievements made in the agricultural sector since the
establishment of the two ministries have been encouraging but noted that farm-
ing and work practices have to be changed if the desired objective is to be
attained.

Comrade Fikre-Selassie pointed out that the two ministries should henceforth
apply planned and coordinated work practices in order to overcome the draw-
backs engendered by archaic farm methods and the consequent constraints on
the national economy. He said that malpractices observed in the agricultural
sector should no longer be repeated and that agricultural activities should be
systematic and methodical.

Although drought has long been a familiar phenomenon in Ethiopia, this natural
hazard has now affected the northern, central and southern parts of the country,
Comrade Fikre-Selassie said, adding that a great deal of exertion and sense of
patriotism should be forthcoming from the management and workers of the two
ministries in playing their role in the national effort underway to withstand
the consequences of the current drought and finding a lasting solution to the
problem.

Comrade Fikre-Selassie said that proper care should be taken to agricultural

machinery and those that are out of service should be repaired and made oper-
ational. He said the government has been compelled to divert financial

19



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe. Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



According to SABRA's statement, several months ago officials of the Development
Board placed the number of Blacks who are in the peninsula illegally at between
70,000 and 100,000. At times as many as 1,000 arrive daily. The deduction
which must be made is that the number of Blacks in the Western Cape will be
increasing at a tremendous rate and that the residence of those who came
illegally will be legalized as has been the case in the most recent past.

If the white man in South Africa wants to go on existing then he must maintain
control over his own area. This will be impossible if citizens of foreign
states (Transkei and Ciskei) will be establishing themselves in ever greater
majorities in white areas.

"The arguments being advanced in favor of a change in policy are not acceptable."

"The fact that urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon is not being denied by
anybody; however, the argument that citizens of an independent state must
establish themselves in Capetown bears no logic."

"The claim that the resolution was taken in the interest of the economy of the
Western Cape cannot be reasonably maintained if the social and political con-
sequences of this action are taken into consideration."

"The fact that public opinion and the United Nations are sensitive to the shifting
around of people, simply for the sake of moving them, does not take into con-
sideration that in this instance it is not a matter of large scale population
shifts for the sake of shifting people, but is just a matter of preventing the
large scale movement of [colored] people which will lead to chaos."

"The world's demand that permanent residence must also be accompanied by pro-
party rights is not taking into account that the world is putting a greater
demand on such things as voting rights for all permanent inhabitants."

"Granting permanent residence to Blacks in the Western Cape, so as to enable
them to compete in the job market on an equal basis and thereafter promise
large scale urbanization elsewhere, would be devoid of any credibility. The
pattern being created is to promote growth in the white urban regions and there
is not going to be much economic support for the contrary."

"SABRA reaffirms its viewpoint that sovereign existence is the only way that
people can live in peace with each other and this renders areas arrangements a
matter of decisive importance. However, this requires that the repeal of limi-
tations such as was mentioned above shall not be allowed." That is how the
statement reads.

7964
CSO: 3401/36

43



ORDINARY CITIZENS ATTACKED REGULARLY BY BANDITS

Johamesburg THE STAR in English 22 Oct 84 p 5

{Text]
MAPUTO — Mr Jorge Cotane
lies in a hospital bed with a ban-

:daged leg and a swollen face.
But he seems more concerned
about a Press cutting beside
him.

It is the “In Memoriam” col-
umn of the daily paper Noti-
cias, and it announces the fu-
neral of two of his friends,
Abdul Ussemane and his son
Azfal.

They were in the same car as
Mr Cotane on October 11 when

- it was attacked by Mozambique
National Resistance (MNR)
rebels. . .

Mr Cotane survived. They did
not. :

Mr Cotane is one of the many
: MNR victims who pass through
‘ the hands of surgeons at Maputo
Central Hospital.

They are now depressingly fa-
miliar with bullet wounds. Since
the hospital is the best equipy

‘in the country, it not only treats
victims of the war in the south-
ern provinces, but also those
from the rest of Mozambique
who require delicate surgery.

It is in the hospital that one
sees some of the suffering that
the war has brought to ordinary
Mozambican citizens.

Last week AIM, the Mozambi-
que news agency, spoke to Mr
Cotane and several other vic-
tims.

Mr Cotane is a shopkeeper in

- the Boane district, about 30km

CSO: 3400/168

+ “west of Mapito.
On October 11 Mr Azful Ussu-
: mane agreed to drive Mr Cotane
!” to Moamba, about 50 km farther
i north, to pick up store provi-
sions.

On the return journey, when
the car was laden with food-
* stuffs and was just 5km from
Mr Cotane’s shop, a group of
about 15 armed appeared
> in the road.
* “Seven leapt in front of the
car and opened fire,” said Mr
' Cotane. “Azfal was driving. He
‘was hit, lost control, and the car
swerved off the road into the
bush.”
‘Mr Abdul Ussumane and Mr
Cotane both tried to flee — but
in different directions. Mr Co-

_tane caught two bullets — one in -

his face and one in his right leg.
He staggered to the road and
, flagged down a car, which took
him to hospital.
: Mr Mauricio Xavier also has
; severe facial injuries. His head
is swathed in bandages and he-
‘speaks with difficulty.
He is a peasant farmer from
Vilanculos district in Inham-
bane province.
On October 4 he was working
in his fields when a man with a
gun appeared. Mr Xavier did
* not stop to ask questions — he

turned and fled, and the man
yfired. ee ge
‘Mr Xavier caught a bullet in
his jaw, but ran on until he col-

27

MOZAMBIQUE

lapsed. .

“He was found by Mozambican

* soldiers, who took him to 2 near-

: by military post. Then he was
transferred by bus to the Inham-
bane provincial hospital, where
doctors referred him to Maputo
(another bus journey, of about

, 500km). He arrived last week

. and is awaiting facial surgery.

Mr Castigo Tamela was taken
to hospital in June after a rebel
attack in the northern province
of Nampula.

{_ _He works on a cashew planta-

* tion between Nampula City and

; Namatil. On June 5 he was at-

} tacked while walking in the

| plantation, =~

+ “The bandits were in hiding,”

1 he recalled. “There were about

; 40 with guns and several more
with knives.”

* They made no attempt to
speak to Mr Tamela and his

* companions they simply opened

| fire. “Two of my colleagues
died,” said Mr Tamela. “I was

“hit twice.” .

‘He has a large scar on his
right shoulder from one bullet.
The second almost killed him —
it struck him on one cheek, but
passed through his mouth and
exited through the other cheek.

He ran on to alert soldiers at
the plantation. But the rebels

: had left by the time the troops

* arrived at the scene of the at-



"Although I had requested a meeting with Mr Anderson, he was extremely ar-
rogant toward me. He would not listen to me and continually tried to tell
me, a South African, what was happening in my own country.

"I realized that that man was not interested in peaceful solutions, and I
terminated the conversation before the’ time agreed upon was over."

The Reverend Hendrickse said that in contrast to Mr Anderson, Mr Riffkind
and Dr Owen had received him courteously.

He sees Mr Anderson's visit to South Africa as nothing but political oppor-
tunism. Instead of involving himself in South Africa with instigation, he
ought to return home and devote attention to the problems of his own coun-
try, the Reverend Hendricske said.

8700
cso: 3401/39

36



inaugurated at the Awash Arba Combat Training Centre last Saturday. The new
facilities include an open air theatre with a capacity of 1,200 cinema audience
and a reading room. The open air theatre was inaugurated by Comrade Brig-
Gen. Hailu Gebre-Michael, member of the CC of WPE, Deputy Commander and Chief
of Staff of the Ground Forces, and the reading room by Comrade Major Kassu
Taye, Acting Head of the Political Department of the Ground forces. Comrade
Brig.Gen. Hailu praised the creativity of the members of the Ground Forces
and noted that similar activities should be continued. Comrade Col. Zegeye
Kumsa, Commander of the Awash Arba Combat Training Centre earlier said that
the centre had trained competent members of the Ground Forces to safeguard
the Revolution and the territorial integrity of the Motherland. Comrade Lt.
Kebede Mamo, Head of the Political Department of the Training Centre, lauded
the participation of the members in various construction work. [Text]

{Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 23 Oct 84 p 6]

CSO: 3400/182

22



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

SOVIET MATERIEL--The Angolan armed forces have received Soviet materiel,
including five SU-22 bombers. Angola is the first African nation to receive
this type of craft. [Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English No 50,
Oct 84 p 24]

SOVIETS INSTALL STORAGE TANKS--Eleven National Angolan Fuel Company storage
tanks with capacity to store 11.6 million litres of different kinds of fuel
have been built in Porto Amboim by a Soviet construction company. This pro-
ject, which is superior to the one in Malanje, has a fire prevention station
and two reservoirs with a capacity of 500,000 litres of water, a platform to
fill fuel tankers and barrels, a section to supply ships, a complex for heat-
ing fuel, another for carbon dioxide foam, and a canteen for the workers.
[Text] [Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 24]

FNLA CLAIMS--The leader of the Angolan National Liberation Front (FNLA) move-
ment in Angola, Mr Holden Roberto, said that his organisation is conducting
operations against government forces in six provinces; Mr Roberto said that
although the FNLA was not in control of any of these provinces in northern
Angola, its forces were entrenched and were successfully hampering communica-
tions between Angolan army units. He claimed to have between 7,000 and
10,000 people fighting under him but admitted that they were poorly armed.

Mr Roberto said his forces were becoming increasingly involved in skirmishes.
with SWAPO terrorists in northern Angola. He said the increase had become
evident since the introduction of the Joint South African-Angolan Monitoring
Commission in the south of Angola. Mr Roberto said SWAPO terrorists were now
trained further north and were being used against his movement. [Text]
[Paris AFRICAN DEFENCE JOURNAL in English No 50, Oct 84 p 25]

CsO: 3400/141



SOUTH AFRICA

PIK BOTHA CRITICIZES SLABBERT
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 15 Oct 84 p 9
[Report by political editorial staff: "Slabbert Narrow-Minded Colonial"]

[Text] The leader of the PFP [Progressive Federal Party] is revealing a
“narrow-minded colonial mentality," which is not expected of a politician
in South Africa in the year 1984.

That was Minister of Foreign Affairs Pik Botha's reaction last night to the
remarks made by Dr Slabbert at the Natal congress of the PFP in Pietermaritz—
burg last weekend. Amongst other things, Dr Slabbert criticized the Govern-
ment's retaliatory action against the British Government by not returning

the four South Africans to the United Kingdom so that they can be tried on
charges of illegal arms trading.

Mr Botha said that Dr Slabbert evidently does not understand that South Africa
is no longer a colony of the United Kingdom and that the honor of South Africa
has remained intact through that retaliatory action rather than be placed

in jeopardy.

Dr Slabbert apparently believes that the self-respect of a country is pre-
served by allowing itself to be stepped on by another government.

Uninformed

Mr Botha accused Dr Slabbert of not saying one word about the United Kingdom's .
having violated international law and said that the British Government has
made itself guilty of obstructing the law in South Africa through its action.

"It amazes me that the leader of the opposition in parliament is so uninformed
and does not attach any value to the sovereignty of his own country," said
Mr Botha.

8700
cso: 3401/39

58



to, for example, the price of the oil and safety aspects in connection with
its use. The system was developed with a possible emergency situation in
mind and it won't be put into operation while South Africa can get diesel
oil. Thus there are no tractors yet which are roaring through the country
on flower power, In an emergency situation it will not be necessary to make
any changes to tractor engines for the switch from diesel to sunflower oil.
The manufacturers of Atlantis diesel engines decided after extensive tests
that they will furnish the normal engine guarantee on engines in which the
ester of sunflower oil is used, while the manufacturers of Deutsch engines
also give that guarantee for pure sunflower oil. According to the spokesman,
both pure and esterified (chemically changed) sunflower oil are good fuel
substitutes. In the case of pure oil, however, engines might be damaged

due to a deposit of carbon if they are not regularly cleaned. [Text]
[Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 28 Oct 84 p 7] 8700

DEPUTY INTERNAL AFFAIRS MINISTER--The appointment of Mr Ron Miller, until
recently the leader of the New Republic Party in Natal, as adjunct minister
of internal affairs, must not be seen as a gesture toward English-speaking
supporters of the National Party, Neither is it a "reward" for his having
joined the NP [National Party]. Mr Miller's skills as member of parliament
for North Durban, as positive debater, as rational thinker on the country's
affairs and problems, and as experienced business psychologist speak for
themselves. Mr Miller does believe, however, that his appointment will help
give momentum to the shift of political loyalties of English-speaking people
to the NP and that that will help create trust in the English-speaking that
they are welcome in the NP. May he prove to be right. It is indeed true
that the support of the English-speaking for the NP is not yet reflected

in government appointments. And this while the massive English-speaking
support, especially from Natal, brought the Yes vote in the referendum on
the new constitution to a resounding two-thirds majority--an impressive demon-
stration of national unity. It may be expected that more English-speaking
South Africans will be put in important government positions from now on,

as it is becoming clearer that this population group unconditionally and
sincerely wants to do its part in helping to build a new South Africa. DIE
VOLKSBLAD wishes to congratulate Mr Miller, a Free Stater by, birth, on his
appointment and wishes him all the best for his career. [Text] [Bloemfontein
DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 25 Oct 84 p 18] 8700

CAMPAIGN AGAINST MILITARY SERVICE--Johannesburg--Four influential opponents
of apartheid signed a statement against the military service in South Africa
and started a campaign to put pressure on the Government to reconsider its
regulations on conscientious objections. The statement was signed by Dr
Beyers Naude, former director of the Christian Institute, whose banning order
was recently lifted; Miss Kate Phillips, chair person of the National Union
of South African Students; Dr Dave Webster, lecturer in anthropology at

the University of Witwatersrand; and Mrs Helen Joseph, a long-time opponent
to the tightening of apartheid. Compulsory service violates the right of
the individual to choose whether he wants to join the South African Armed
Forces or not, the statement reads. (Sapa) [Text] [Cape Town DIE BURGER

in Afrikaans 19 Oct 84 p 9] 8700

74


SOUTH AFRICA

CHURCH PLEADS FOR BLACKS' RIGHTS
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Oct 84 p 2

[Text] DIE KERKBODE, the official paper of the NG [Dutch Reformed] Church,
has made a plea for prayer for the success of the new constitution.

In a feature article, the paper says that the big task of the church lies
in praying for all who are involved in the task to let the new dispensation
succeed in the best interest of prosperity, peace and security for all the
population groups in our beautiful and blessed fatherland.

DIE KERKBODE states that a new political order, which will determine the
future constitutional path of South Africa, has been launched by the constitu-
tion. "Blacks living outside of the independent and national states are
currently left out of this new dispensation--a fact which, according to
various schools of thinking, is a source of worry and dissatisfaction. It

is clear that this problem will have to be given attention in the very near
future. These are simple realities which cannot be avoided or misinterpreted
and which will have to be taken into account by those who govern."

The paper says that the constitution, which has been developing since 1977

and has gone through various phases, must be seen as a democratic development
which took its course without a violent revolution, different from elsewhere
in the world.

"We must be thankful for that. If we believe in God's resolutions with res-
pect to personal experiences of people and national fates of peoples and
countries, then we must also see decisions with respect to the new dispensa-
tion as permitted by God. The new dispensation seems to be an irreversible
process which is the result of democratic decisions."

The paper says that the new dispensation is based on "consensus politics."
This means that the success of the system is made largely dependent on inner
dispositions and peoples! willingness for mutual understanding and coopera-
tion. Inner dispositions in turn can be influenced by the Holy Spirit which
instills the fruit of love (Galations 5) in people according to DIE KERKBODE.

The KERKBODE's support of the constitution is in agreement with a decision
made last year at the West Cape Synod of the NG Church. In that decision

44



SOUTH AFRICA

EFFORTS TO HELP BLACKS BLAMED FOR ECONOMIC CRISIS

Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Oct 84 p 3

[Text] The present economic crisis in South Africa has been
caused by the government's efforts to try to bind whites and
non-whites together in a single economic structure. This leads
to a violation of all economic laws.

Such was the opinion of HNP [Reformed National Party] leader

Jaap Marais, when he appeared as guest speaker at a dinner in
Blinkpan in the Middelburg election district. - About 165 peo-
ple attended the affair.

Mr Marais said that the South African economy is being manipu-
lated to let a small group of people amass wealth while the
rest of the population becomes poorer. Thus the earnings of
great corporations grow, and takeovers increase, while the liv-
ing standard of whites continually declines. The result is a
far-reaching negative effect on the whites’ natural growth.

The white birth rate is already under the replacement level.

Mr Marais stated that the doctrine of equalization lies at the
root of this problem. Although South Africa is a composite of
the First and Third Worlds, the government is trying to bind
whites and non-whites together in a single economic system.
This leads to a violation of all economic laws.

The notion of equalization, said Mr Marais, may be traced back
to the liberal-socialist slogan: "Liberty, equality and bro-
therhood." The "liberty" that is implied here is not a free-
dom to do what is right, but a freedom of authority. No com-
munity can exist under such circumstances.

The authority that is needed for the continued existence of any
community is not only the authority of its legal system, but
also the traditions, conventions and prejudices that bind a
community together.

46



BOTSWANA

FRG SINGLES OUT NATION AS MOST WORTHY OF DEVELOPMENT AID

Gaborone BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS in English 22 Oct 84 p 3

[Text]

cso:

GABORONE: Botswana has
always been regarded by the
Government of the Federal
Republic of Germany as being
most worthy to receive
development aid, said the West
German Ambassador, Mr Hans
Hoffman.

Mr Hoffman was speaking at
the handing over of one of the
major Central Transport
Organisation workshops
yesterday, by the consultant, Dr
Ing. Walter International (DIW!
Botswana).

DIW!I Botswana was

3400/170

commissioned as consulting
‘engineer by CTO to design and
‘supervise the construction of two
new CTO outstation workshops
at Ghanzi and Francistown, and
to extend and alter the existing
CTO Workshop in Gaborone.

The outstation workshops have
been completed and were handed
over to CTO at the end of last
year.

The German Ambassador,
whose government granted P14,5,
million towards the overhauling
of the CTO facilities, said his
government was pleased to see
how wall the money has been
spent on the project that serves
the vital role of improving the
transport system in Botswana.

Mr Hoffman said identified and
sponsored projects in this
country were always oriented to
the real needs and requirements
of the country.

“The transport sector in
general in Botswana has for quite
some years received special
priority in the bi-annual
development aid negotiations
between the two governments
and the amount of money
attributed to this sector is
considerable,” he said.

West Germany considers
Botswana of special importance
for the region and shares the
view of the Botswana government
that her impact on Southern
Africa depends crucially on her
internal hence also economic
stability.

He said he was sure that the

buildings will be the centre of
new and enhanced industrial and
training activities and a further
step to complete political and
economic independence.

Mr L. Mukokomani, General
Manager of CTO, commended
the Feredal Republic of Germany
for its continued support of the
transport sector in Botswana.

He said he appreciated this
help very much, citing the CTO
outstations in Ghanzi and
Francistown as examples of
German commitment.

Mr K. Hetzer, a representative
of DIWI Botswana, said the major
works on CTO Gaborone
workshop commenced in
November {ast year and will be
completed within 18 months. The
civil works were done by Multi-
Construction Building and
Engineering Botswana.

DIWI Botswana is expecting
to formalise the contract for the
workshop tools with a West
German contractor.

Major buildings, such as anew
workshop, a reception building,
an amenities building and
parking areas and internal roads
have already been handed over
to CTO.

The building of the Central
Store, serving as spare parts
depot for the country, has been
completed.

The other on-going buildings
are Gaborone Store, fuel station,
In-out Inspection Building,
Service Building and a machine
shop. BOPA