UNRECOVERED GUNS CAUSE FOR CONCERN

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 19 Apr 82 p 9

[text]

;BUSIA District Magistrate,
;Mr. Ochieng’ Miseda, has
“expressed concern over the
high number of fire arms
which are never recovered
after being used in crimes
along the border.

Mr. Miseda said: “The worry
is that criminals flee across the

order and hide’ the weapons
there.”

The magistrate expressed the
sentiments when he sentenced
‘Wandere Kaboga, Odima Any-
ango and John Otanga to three
years’ jail and ten strokes each
for robbing George Luchu at
gunpoint. 5

ey had denied the charge
| that on January 9, this year at
the Bukangala sub-location in
“Busia District, jointly with
others not before the court, they
robbed Luchu of his radio and
Shs. 1,000 in cash while armed
with a rifle.

The complainant said Wan-
dera and Onyango, who were
neighbours, broke into his house
vat night and robbed him of
money under threats of being
killed. “

cso: 4700/1241

53

Kisumu D.C. Mr. Maurice

~ Makhanu has expressed concern

over aliens reported to be on the

increase in border districts.
Mr. Makhanu instructed

chiefs and their assistants to be

-on the lookout for’such people,

who were not allowed to enter
the country without permits.
‘The D.C. was installing an
assistant chief for Kabonyo Rot
in the newly created Kabonyo
‘sub-location, Mr. Jael Owino.

Mr. Makhanu said peace was
prevailing “inthe neighbouring
countries and there was no
reason why they should not go
back and assist in the develop-

‘ment of their countries.

The D.C. warned the chiefs
and their assistants against re-
commending aliens for identity
cards. He.said should wananchi
find one doing so they should
report him to their D.O. for
discipline.

Mr. Makhanu observed that
some aliens stayed until their
permits expired and did not

ther to return after the three
months and instead engaged in
dubious acti

KENYA



SWAPO Men With Bibles

MOST South West Afri-
cans believed that sup-
port for Swapo was
massive and that it
would easily be victo-
rious in any free and
fair election held under
United Nations super-
vision, said the report.
The Swapo. situation
‘was something of an
anomaly because while
the fighting wing was
at war with South Afri-
ca the party itself was
smot banned in South
West Africa.
The great propogan-
da weapon used against
~Swapo by South Africa
was the accusation that
it was a Marxist move-
ment.
But people asked
about this said “time
_and again” that Swapo

PW Replied to Report

ARCHBISHOP Hurley
said the Prime Minis-
ter, Mr P W Botha, had
“been kept fully inform-
ed on the Roman Catho-
lic Church investigation
— and had in fact
reacted to it in writing.

In letters to the
‘Bishops Conference he
had painstakingly set
out South African poli-
cy on South West Africa
and given the assur-
ance that the Govern-
ment was still exploring
‘with the Western pow-
ers ways of finding an
internationally accept-
able solution to the is-
sue.

Mr Botha alleged

that the United Na-
tions had become the

was essentially a nat-
ional liberation move-
‘ment which, when it
first opted for armed
struggle, turned to

arms and went to the
Warsaw Pact countries
‘only when _ supplies
were refused.

Church circles such
as the Council of
Churches in South West
_Africa said they-had no
evidence that “Swapo
was Marxist.

“On the contrary
they knew great num-
. bers of Swapo guerril-
“las who are believing
and practising Chris-
tians, young people who
read their Bibles and
say their prayers and
are most resolute in
maintaining: contact
with their churches,”

single most intimi-
dating factor in the is-
sue, with its actions
“amounting to inter-
national intimidation
through its overt politi-
‘eal, financial _ and
propaganda support for
Swapo”.

Mr Botha said that
UN presence would be
looked on By the inhabi-
tants of the territory as

,a force occupying their
country to ensure a
Swapo victory.”

Mr Botha said the re-
port accentuated the
negative without giving

ieredit for positive de-
velopments which were
taking place in South
West Africa.

No credit was given
for South Africa’s con-

117

fn

|. said the report.
i. Church services were
+ held in Swapo camps.
It was maintained
that if there were
Marxist tendencies in
Swapo they could be
held in check by the
Christian faith so wide-
ly upheld and cherished
by Swapo members.
The aims of Swapo

i
é
:
:

the struggle being for a
Swapo government to
ensure that all major
means of production
‘and exchange of the
country were in the

I
38
is
3
Hy

eratives and to strive
for the establishment
of State-owned farms.

-tinued efforts to resol-
“ve the issue to the ben-
efit of all the people in
the territory or to the
fact that definite pro-
gress had been made in
achieving independence
there. .

As it was, said Mr Bo-
tha, South West Africa
was an “economic mill-
stone around the neck
of South Africa.

“It cannot without
the support of the Re-
public hope to survive
and develop as’ it is
doing — and in helping
the territory the Repub-
lic has been forced to
‘cut down on its own de-
velopment programme
and help to its own
| people.”



KENYA

HARD NEGOTIATIONS AVERT BANK STRIKE

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 16 Apr 82 pp 18-19

[text]

| AFTER a seriés of hard negotiations
jand the interventon of the ministry of
labour, the Kenya Union of
Commercial, Food and Allied Workers
this week managed to square a much-
improved deal in its five-month tussle
with the Bank of Baroda management.
‘The breakthrough, announced on
Tuesday by the minister for labour, Mr.
Titus Mbathi; more or less sanctioned
the recommendations of the ministerial
committee last December at the height
of the industrial bout between the union
and the bank. For the union, the juiciest
part of the. Mbathi announcement is
‘probably the requirement that the bank
management revoke the dismissal of six
‘employees, an issue which had
accounted for the refusal by the bank to
‘accept the ministerial committee
‘recommendations wholesale. .

i Mbathi’s instructions, issued shortl:

lafter his deliberations with the
iFederation of Kenya Employers and
‘the Central Organisation of © Trade
:Unions (Cotu) pre-empted by a day the
‘planned strike by some 8,000. bank
‘employees in the country in sympathy
with fellow workers at the Nairobi
based Indian bank. So far, the
disputing parties seem to have accepted
Mbathi’s arbitration with equanimity
‘and the allied workers union
‘headquarters was reported to have
communicated with other branches
of the union countrywide revoking the
'strike threat that has been looming since
ilast November 30. Cotu’s : secretary-
general, Mr. Juma Boy, told The

19

Weekly Review a day after the Mbathi

announcement, that the “issue has now
‘been resolved” and any further issues

would be pursued through the laid
down industrial machinery.
. If the initial claims:by the union that

“the bank was engaging in a host of

industrial and administrative

‘irregularities ‘raised a great many

tempers, it can not compare with the
anger that.was generated when the issue
Was raised in parliament some three
weeks ago. The issue was made more
delicate when the bank management
found some assertions in the
recommendations of the ministerial
committee dated February 19
unacceptable, and consequently sought
arbitration over the issue with the
industrial court. The labour
commissioner, Mr. J.M. Mutugi, found
this suggestion acceptable’ in the wake
of a deadlock. Thus’ the possibility
turning down the differences were
dashed when the'secretary-geneal of the
allied workers union, Mr. Sammy
Muhanji, apparently angered by the
refusal of the bank of the ministerial
committee recommendations gave the
minister of labour five days to see that
some negotiated settlement was reached
otherwise the union would resort to
industrial action. Muhanji communic-
ated to the minister through a letter
dated March 10 in which Muhanji
ideclared, “It is high time that the dirty
tricks by, the Baroda management
‘towards our members as. well as our



MAKGOTLA RAIDS OPPOSED=-The National Association for the Advancement of
Coloured People in South Africa yesterday strongly criticised the Soweto
makgotla's intention to help the police to smash the Wire Gang. Dr Joe
Joshua, chairman of the organisation said it was not the duty of mkgotla
to keep law and order in the country which would instead encourage a fight
between the two groups. ‘We are very much opposed to the idea of mkgotla
assisting the police to smash the gang." [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in
English 5 May 82 p 5]

SOWETO RIO SQUAD--The Government is to spend R1,7-million on accommodation
for riot squad and security police in Soweto during the current financial
year. This is disclosed in a Department of Community Development memorandum
setting out details of the Government's building programme for 1982/83,
tabled in Parliament yesterday, The massive expenditure on accommodation for
Soweto's riot squad and security police is part of a R2,8-million project.
By the end of March this year R730 000 had been spent on the project. This
year R1,7-million has been approved for the project while the balance of
R360 000 will be provided for later, The memorandum also discloses that
R3,5-million will be spent this year on the R33,8-million prison project

for a prison and quarters in Diepkloof. This will leave a balance of only
R330 000 for the completion of the project, The original cost of R26,5-
million has increased by R7-million to R33,8-million. [Excerpt] [Johannes-
burg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 5 May 82 p 4]

MARAIS RAPS BROEDERBOND--The Broederbond's oath of secrecy has sown distrust
and division among Afrikaners, according to Professor Ben Marais, a prominent
NGK theologian, writer and dominee, In an interview in Rapport yesterday,
Prof Marais disclosed for the first time how the Broederbond had waged a
secret vendetta against him because of his "liberal" views. He said his
first clash with the Broederbond came when he wrote the book, 'Kleurkrisis
van die Weste." The book received glowing reviews from the English Press
but was branded at a secret emergency meeting of the Broederbond as a danger
to the National Party, Prof Marais says he also clashed with the Broeder-
bond in the late 1950s when he tabled a motion at an NGK synod which called
on NGK churchmen not to become members of organisations which demanded oaths
of secrecy, Prof Marais was ridiculed and even branded as a communist by
some circles, Prof Marais said the influence of the Broederbond was declin-
ing but its influence in the NGK was still strong. For as long as it remained
a powerful force in the NGK, the church would continue to be shaken by con-
elects, he said, [Text] [Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 10 May 82
p2

148



WIT COMMANDO MAN'S APPEAL DISMISSED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 9

[text]

cso:

THE Supreme Court,
‘Pretoria, has dismissed
an- appeal against a five-
year jail sentence im-
posed on Eugenio Zop-
pis, who stole “an ar-
senal of weapons” from
the SA DefenceForce for
the Wit Kommando,

Zoppis (23) an Italian
immigrant of Hillbrow,
‘was sentenced by a Pre-

toria magistrate, Mr WJ
van den Bergh, last Sep-
tember.

‘He pleaded guilty to
stealing _ ammunition,
explosives and firearms
from the SADF between
June and | November
1980. He. was a member
of the Permanent Force
at the time.

Mrs K J Faulkes-
Jones, for Zoppis, ar-
gued on Thursday that
the magistrate had erred
in not suspending part
of the sentence.

She said he had failed
to give enough —_con-
sideration to the person-
al circumstances of Zop-
pis.

Zoppis was a young
iman. under the influ-
“ence of the Wit Kom-

4700/1173

143

mando saboteur, Fabio
ello, (45). He be-
lieved the arms would
,be used in the fight
against communism.

| In another trial Miriel-
lo and Massimo Domini-
| go Bollo, (38) were jailed
for 10 and five years re-
“spectively for acts ‘of
sabotage committed by
the Wit Kommando.
* Mrs Faulkes-Jones
submitted that Zoppis’s
motive for. committing
the theft was misguided,
but commendable.
As a young immi-
grant, unable to’ speak
English, he was’ be-
friended by Miriello. He
‘stole the arms and hand-
ted them over to Miriello
‘without knowing what
“their real use was te be.
© She said’ Zoppis be-
‘came involved in the Wit
Kommando unwittingly
and it was only when he
was arrested that he ba-
came aware of its true
_ nature. ~

The appeal was dis-

ssed by Mr Justice
‘Charl Theron and Mr
\Justice L W H Ackér-
man.’ — Sapa.

SOUTH AFRICA



NOTE

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sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the

last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



SOUTH AFRICA

INCREASED SPENDING FOR SECURITY QUESTIONED
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 6 May 82 p 6

[Editorial: "The Government Has Its Priorities All Wrong"]

[Text]

PERHAPS the Government knows
something we don’t know. For, how.
can they justify spending R1,7-mil-.
lion on providing accommodation
for a riot squad and security police,
during the next financial year?

This announcement comes’ only a
few weeks after.we were told that
various cutbacks had to be made in
public expenditure as there was not
enough for such projects. ..- )

Among the cutbacks were housing '
projects. And, in Seweto, calls have
gone out to the public sector to pro-
vide assistance to people i in overcom- |
ing the housing crisis in the com-'
plex. Once more, it was said that the
Government simply had no money
for such ‘projects and .the private
sector must help.

We have pointed out in the past
that this Government has its priori-
ties wrong. We will do so again. We
know defence ‘spending has esca-
lated at such an alarming rate that
all concerned citizens have called for'
a review of the situation.

We do not believe’ that the. in-
creased defence ‘spending has any-
thing to do with a “‘total onslaught”
from outside the borders. of ‘this
country at all. We do not believe any
African state will launch an attack
on South Africa. Nor do we believe.
the Cubans and Russians.will do so. -

am fact, af the’ rate“ things are
going, can one blame blacks for be-
lieving that the :“‘total’ onslaught”
was against them? Surely, the provi-
sion of a R1,7-million accommoda-
tion project for riot police and secu-
rity police confirms this feeling?

Or, to go back to the question:
Does the Government know sonie--
thing we don’t know? Have they

cs0: 4700/1238

113

heard of a major plot for;uprisings
in Soweto, and wish to have the riot
squad ready to jump’ ‘on the people?

»,.These are questions which need
‘answers. Urgently, :too. ‘For, while
the police in Soweto keep on appeal-
ing to the public for assistance, can
they really expect:that assistance if
the ‘police. are.seen to, be preparing
themselves for .a major: offensive
against them? *

‘We know .we ‘will’ be’ accuse of
crying: wolf. But--we would: lil
know whether the: Government:
could not have'shown its goodwill—,
if it-has any: — and :provided-some-
thing else for the benefit.of the peo-
ple of Soweto? - “ fk

Government. propagand insist
that the people of Sowéto‘are a
happy and contented lot,- ‘and. ‘that
only a few troublemakers who have
been influenced by the communists
are trying to cause trouble. If that is
so, do those few troublemakers need
a full-time riot squad on Soweto’s
doorstep to handle them? .

“The Government must come out
of its head-in-the-sand position and
face the realities of the.day. As long
as there are grievances among the
black people of this country, so long
will they have to spend millions
every year on defence and police
matters.

Surely the best security that the
Government should be seeking is the
contentment of the people — not
that imagined right-now, but real ;
contentment that can: only come
about through the. recognition of
people’s dignity, and: a fair and
equitable share in the vast resources
of this country. :



[Answer] I admit that within the organization, the concept of preferential
tariffs has not yet been envisaged on the global level. The reason for this
is that crude oil sales take place on the international market with petroleum
companies. Agreements have recently been concluded among certain countries.
They are subject only to the will of the sovereign governments which sign
them. OPEC does not yet have this authority.

[Question] Therefore, inter-African cooperation among OPEC member petroleum-
producing countries and importing countries is not yet out of the rut. Isn't
there a risk that petroleum will end up being a fatally divisive factor?

[Answer] I feel that petroleum should be a unifying factor. First of all,
it would be necessary for the producing countries to understand each other.
It is only in Africa that this understanding does not exist.

Cooperation in energy matters must necessarily include all countries, whether
they are producers of petroleum or not. It must involve several areas:
research, production, refining, distribution, the petrochemical industry,
and especially the transfer of technology.

The Latin American and Arab examples must have their counterpart in Africa,
because energy problems are difficult for our countries to resolve individually,
considering the modest means they have available.

I hope that the political’ leaders are well acquainted with this situation,

and that they will seek to remedy it as quickly as possible in a climate of
straightforward cooperation.

9693
cso: 4719/803

62



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SOVIET HELICOPTER HIT=-The South African Air Force destroyed a Russian
helicopter on the ground during follow-up operations against SWAPO in
southern Angola, the South African Defence Force announced in Pretoria
yesterday, Details were sketchy and no indication was given as to when
the operation took place. A terse statement issued by the SADF's media
liaison office said: "The South African Defence Force announces that the
South African Air Force has destroyed a Russian helicopter on the ground
during follow-up operations against SWAPO in southern Angola, "The heli-
copter was armed and at the time of the incident. was supplying SWAPO.
"The Defence Force reiterates its warning that forces who support, and
especially directly support, SWAPO, as in this case, must carry the conse-
uences of their actions." There were no further details.--Sapa [text]
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in’English 15 May 82 p 1]

ZERO GROWTH IN 1983--The associated Chambers of Commerce (Assocom) said

the growth rate in the economy could fall to one percent this year and to
zero in 1983. It said in a statement after an executive council meeting
that the downturn in the level of economic. activity was likely to accelerate
as the full impact of the mini and min Budgets was felt, The economy was
slowing down and the measures taken in the budgets would reinforce it, it
said, Assocom said it had been estimated that consumer spending could drop
Rl-billion rand in 1982/83 because of the Budgetary proposals, It said to
this should be added the impact of fiscal drag, increased fuel costs, higher
interest rates and higher rail and post office tariffs. In addition, the
anticipated poor agricultural season and the prevailing economic situation
in overseas economies would serve to aggravate the situation further.
Assocom said the current business mood could still not be regarded as being
pessimistic, but rather as cautious. [text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 15 May 82 p 17]

ARMS OWNERS--South Africa hs 917 268 licenced firearm owners, the Minister
of Law and Order, Mr Louis le Grange disclosed yesterday. Replying to a
question by Mr Ray Swart (PFP, Berea), Mr Le Grange said 227 647 licences
were granted last year while 166 people were declared unfit to possess
firearms, More than 6 000 firearms were reported lost or stolen in 1981.
Replying to a question by Mr Pat Rogers (NRP, King William's Town), Mr Le
Grange said 2 300 people were arrested last year for ille; al possession of
firearms and 1 152 for possessing stolen firearms, [text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 4]

146



cso:

(° @phe binding factor tn thie
‘church is stronger than any °
political differences — I re-
gard a split as highly
unlikely.” *

‘Mr Moller said it was pos-
; sible that the general synod,
might change its view that
apartheid was justitied on

X le added that Dr Boesak
emphasised the negative as-
pects of apartheid, but the
‘NG Kerk feels that it also

itive ”..

Dr Treurnicht, leader of
ithe Conservative Party, and

a former NGK dominee, saic

this week a split in the church
was “very doubtful”, '

: “There was also tension in

the past on several occasions

and this never resulted in a

split,” he commented.

“But there is no denial that.
sthere is a great deal of dis-
,cussion on at present.”

A NGK dominee, who
asked not to be identified)
said he did not think Dr Boe-
sak's move was a calculated
step to embarrass the church.

» “There is also pressure

4700/1236

jrom within our church to
‘thave a change of heart.
;. "Most parishioners, are
igrateful that Mr P W Botha
fics indicated that there
‘would be .” he said.
“But, whether their expec
{tations will be realised is an-
‘other question. _
| “Coloureds find them-
(selves in a political no-man’s
land with neither their own
homeland nor the right to
‘vote.

“And the soonér we realise
their predicament. the
better.”

‘The dominee predicted: a
big row if apartheid legisla-
tion were scrapped.

“The Mixed’ ges Act
; is a blot on our name, and

does rnore harm than good.

) “although there is no such
‘law overseas, mixed mar-
‘tiages are still the
exception.”

Another dominee said
; there was a radical differ-

ence between ministers “in

the north and the south”.

73

f ee

against

‘In the south they are
j‘much more enlightened, and
‘it is already an unwritten
| rule in the south that apart-
| heid cannot be justified on
|
i
i

seriptural grounds,” he sai.
view, . that political

rights for coloureds and Indi-
ans had long been overdue,

( was shared by another Cape
dominee.

“The climate here is very
‘favourable and positive for
“closer links with our

coloureds.

“Only a few staunch HNP
; Supporters are opposed to the

lea. *

:-. “There has been a. change
\iin attitude by the -western
#-Cape synod, as can be seen by
yits declaration on mixed

marriages.
“although social apartheid

1 is acceptable, there is no rea-
| son why apartheid, as such,
' should be enacted by law.
|__ “English churches place no

restriction on any member of

another race, but it still is the
exception, rather than the
jrule, that'a coloured joins a
‘white congregation.”
{. The dominee said he also
‘regarded a split as unlikely.



added that it is for the ‘above-mentioned reasons that the party is now taking
over the MEECI, so as to develop its membership's spirit of activism cor-
rectly and put it into practice.

Regarding strikes, the MEECI president said that for the first time, student
strikes at the university were based on a pseudo-problem of freedom of ex-
pression, without reference to demands concerning scholarships, housing, or
transportation.

This is evidence of the relatively high standard of living attained by Ivory
Coast students thanks to the party, which has enabled them to develop their
full potential.

MEECI's president reiterated his congratulations to secondary school pupils
for their militant faith and for heeding the executive committee's appeal to
keep calm.

Maurice Kacou assured MEECI activists that the organization's trade union
activities have not been dampened; the movement must operate with discretion,
in light of its decision to work within the framework of a party in power.

A Real Indictment

The Gagnoa seminary is considered the point of departure for the movement's
revitalization; the proposals made there remain in force, and contacts with
the competent authorities are proceeding with a view to their effective im-
plementation.

The debate which took place after the president's opening statement was a
veritable indictment of the movement.

Everyone who took the floor stressed the executive committee's failure to act.
Far from giving the movement credibility in the eyes of the country's politi-
eal and administrative authorities, it does nothing to instill life in the
basic committees.

Among the problems handicapping the basic committee's activities is the cessa—
tion of subsidies; this prevents their organization.

MEECI's president answered all these "burning" issues with his habitual serenity
and political vision.

According to Maurice Kacou, the executive committee only visits basic com-
mittees in the interior of the country; those in Abidjan and surrounding
towns are close enough to enable the committees to visit headquarters easily.

On the question of subsidies, MEECI's president reminded the meeting that the
suspension of study trips abroad will free funds to finance the basic com-
mittees' activities. At present, however, the committees in a given area
should come together to organize joint activities of a concrete, useful, and
popular nature.



SOUTH AFRICA

DEPUTY MINISTER VOICES THOUGHTS ON URBAN BLACKS PROBLEM
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 27 Apr 82 p 10

[Text] Stellenbosch -- In the course of this weekend Dr G, de V. Morrison,
deputy minister of collaboration, stated that it is essential to come up with
something real and substantial for satisfying the political and social aspira~
tions of the black people within South Africa.

The government can be proud with its application of the homelands policy, how-
ever, the same good progress has not been achieved with respect to the urban
blacks.

"The fact is that our policy has been relatively stagnant, because in certain
respects we have kept on believing that the urban blacks are here temporarily,
that they will go back to their place of origin, that they should not have tao
many facilities here, because then they would perhaps prefer to stay here, also
that all their rights will have to be exercised in their homelands."

Dr Morrison emphasized that the policy of the Nationalist Party is that the
blacks who live outside of their national states must remain bound to the nation-
al states politically and otherwise. This close connection must, however, have
values and content, therefore, in this respect a confederation offers definite
solutions.

In matters of common interest there can be collaboration...with the recognition
and the maintenance of all the individual members' self-determination and sov-
ereign status.

The present system, which provides that blacks in South Africa can take part in
the political activities of their national states, is unsatisfactory.

They are of the opinion that their voting right has no meaningful substance be-
cause of the fact that up until now black governments have actually managed no
functions which affect them directly and that, moreover, there exists no perma-
nent negotiating body by means of which their government can negotiate on their
behalf.

122



PFP STAGE WALKOUT AFTER ATTACK ON SUZMAN

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

HOUSE OF AS- of Chancellor of the
SEMBLY. — Progres- _ University of the Wit-
sive Federal Party  watersrand, a post for
MPs staged a mass which both have been
iwalkout from the As- nominated.
‘sembly yesterday after PFP whips, Mr Bri-
heated exchanges fol- an Bamford and Mr
lowing remarks by a Alf Widman raised re-
Conservative Party _ peated points of order
member comparing requesting the’ with-
Mrs Helen Suzman drawal of Mr Barn-
with Nelson Mandela ard’s remarks of com-
‘and associating her parison, saying that
‘with the Johannes- Mrs Suzmian was be-
burg station bomb — ing equated by innuen-
blast. do with a convicted
During the debate criminal.
on the second reading The Speaker, Mr
of the Internal Secur- Hannes du Toit, over-
ity Bill, the CP mem- ruled the objections
ber for Langlaagte, Mr _ and allowed Mr Barn-
S P Barnard, asked ard to continue his
whether there was any speech.
\difference between the.....Mr_-Davé Dalling
“tickets” of Mrs Suz- dion) said
man (PFP Houghton) palette was giving
and Mandela; who-is . to Mrs
Fie totes or 8 fi He was or-
imprisonment for. d2icd Spemc.u Toitto
citing” violent“ revol- we ithe Fate
ution, for thé position _ ment as it reflected on
4700/1240

128

SOUTH AFRICA

the Speaker. Mr Dal-
ling withdrew the re-
mark.

A few minutes later
Mr Barnard completed
his speech, and while
the next speaker was
warming to his theme,
all but two PFP mem-
bers rose and walked
out of the House en
masse after whispered
consultations.

Those __remaining
were Mr Widman, the
Whip, and Mr Peter
Gastrow (Durban Cen-
tral), who was the next
scheduled PFP speak-
er on the bill, which
Mrs Suzman, as the
party’s chief spokes-
man on civil liberties,
had earlier yesterday
moved “be read this

day six months” one of

st forms of
Parliamentary opposi-
|tion. — Sapa.



ECONOMY'S ABILITY TO SURVIVE WORLD STORMS CLAIMED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 8

[Text]
{HOUSE of AS-
SEMBLY. — The
Government’s fiscal
‘economic policies of
| consolidating the

cso:

country’s basic econ-
omic strengths and
adjusting the bal-
ance of payments
were beginning to
ihave “considerable
_@ffects,” the Minis-
ter of Finance, Mr
Owen Horwood, said
yesterday.

“There is absolutely
no reason not to have
great confidence in the
future of the economy,”
the said during debate

_ on his Budget Vote.

“I have no doubt that ~

South Africa will
weather whatever econ-
omic storms assail the
world economy in the
jshort term and that
‘when it improves, as it
‘must, we will be in a
‘position to reap maxi-
mum advantage from
that happy circum-
stances.”

Mr Horwood said he
‘was “somewhat con-
cerned” by recent state-
ments and reports
which were “unduly

4700/1173

pessimistic’ about the ©

state of the economy.
“In a word, the South
African economy at this
moment jis one of the
very best in the world.”
The Gorvernment
was aware that there
were problem areas
such as the deficit in
the balance of pay-
ments due to the drop
in the’ gold price, that
exports were being af-
fected by the poor state
of the world economy
and particularly those
of South Africa’s. main
trading partners and
that the inflation rate
was still unacceptably

The © Government
however, had no con-
trol over the gold price
or the world economy
and had to adjust its
policies accordingly.

Everything possible
was being done to keep
a firm hold on Govern-
ment spending and to
service Government re-
quirement in a non-in-
flationary way.

The Reserve Bank
was doing everything
possible to control the
money supply.

Mr Horwoord said
the flow into the econ-
omy in 1980 of R106-bil-
lion from Gold had
caused enormous
liquidity problems
which had been exacer-
bated by last year’s re~
cord maize crop.

When conditions had
been very bouyant in
1980 a very large
amount had been
placed in the stabilisa-
tion fund and very sub-
stantial foreign debts
had been paid off.

“We have a great
deal going for us in this
economy which is posi-
tive and beneficial,” the
Minister said.

It was true that the
growth rate had eased
off from the exception-
ally high rates of
1980/81 but the present
rate compared favour-
ably with those nearly
everywhere in the
world.

_ Investment in South
Africa was still bouyant
and the employment
position was improving.

“It is true that finan-
cial conditions are
tight, but we have an
economy which by and

68

SOUTH AFRICA

large is running very
well,” Mr Horwood
said. a
Motor vehicle sal
which were a good indi-
cator, were still at vir-
tually record levels.
The Minister said
that during his visit to
Europe earlier this
month he had found
very great concern
about the international
situation, particularly
relating to events in Po-
land, »Afghanistan,
Iran, the’ Middle East
and Central and South
America. Many poten-
tially big investors were
casting their eyes to-
wards the Republic.
“Provided we can
keep our heads in the
difficult - inflationary
circumistances, pro-
vided we can apply dis-
cipline. and continue to
push the private sector
as much as we can while
at the same time realis-
ing our tremendous re-
sponsibility to help de-
velopment in the Black
states and Black towns,

* I think we have a great

future ahead of us.” —
Sapa



cso:

This has been in addition to lending
to individual purchasers not involved in
housing estate’schemes. In 1980, HFCK
disbursed more than £11 million in
respect of 1,100 housing units through-
out the country. This figure is much
larger than the amount the central
government spent directly on housing
development during the same period.
The total approved housing expendi-
ture for the whole country declined
from £9 million in 1979/80 to £8
million in 1980/81, a fall of nearly 12
per cent which, when compounded
with inflation and cost escalation in
building, means even fewer housing
units than the decline would at first
sight indicate.

‘Outside the central government, the

4700/1239

26

largest financier tor housing is the
Nairobi City Council which, over the
last ten ‘years, has been developing a
number “of low,and medium income
housing estates with loans from the.
United States Agency for International
Development and the World Bank
‘These estates include Umoja, Kimathi
and the huge Dandora scheme which,
when completed, is aimed at accom-
modating more than 12¢ 90 city re-
sidents. The city council is aiso en-
gaged in the development of a number
of site and service schemes in the slum
areas of Mathare Valley which will
involve 1,800 plots when completed.
Other site and service schemes under
the city council housing programme
are at Kayole and Huruma Estates. gy



PRESS SILENCE ON BANNING OF 'SASPU NATIONAL' HIT

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 4 May 82 p 2

[From the letters to the editor]

[text]

cso:

It is with interest and
consternation that we
noted the limited (if at
all) reporting in your
newspaper (and the
Press in general), of
the banning for all
future editions of
SASPU National, 3 nat-
ional newspaper pub-
lished by the SA Stu-
dents’ Press Union.

Its editors, Clive van
Heerden and — Keith
Coleman, were banned
for two years, after
they had spent five
months in detention.

SASPU National,
with its circulation of

15 000, provided alterna-

tive coverage on nat-
ional and local events.

Important events
glossed over in the com-
mercial Press were ex-
‘tensively and rigorously
coveret

"News about com

munity and trade’ union
activity, student initia-
tives and many related
issues, such as resettle-
ment and health, were
researched and ‘pub-
lished.

4700/1237

97

Why is ‘it that the
commercial Press is so

:gilent in reporting and

condemning such an
attack on the’media?
“Is the slogan “free-
‘dom of the Press” mere
rhetoric these days? Is
the Press'so used to the
arbitrary action of the
‘State that such moves
are accepted with little
or no response?

A national newspaper
has been silenced.

Its editors have been
‘banned.

‘The silence. of the
commercial Press in
South Africa has been
deafening. This is per-
haps the most frighten
ing aspect of all.

Jonty Joffe
(president)
Bruce Irvine
(projects officer)
Di Sandler
(secretary general)
Annette Griessel
(media officer)
Mike Evans
(research officer)
Nusas head office,
Cape Town.

SOUTH AFRICA



cso:

cruitment of staff, “they also
have their own sectionalism.”

He said due to political press-

}- ure, the factory had continued to

~ operate, with an unqualified
accountant and an assistant
‘general manager “who is not fit
to hold that post.”

He said, however, due to con-
sultations with the Statutory
Board, it had been decided that
a qualified accountant be em-
ployed. “This has made the
politicians very unhappy.”

He sai “My greatest
headache since taking over as
chairman has been ‘political
pressure from people who want
favours. I am not going to give in
to such pressure. I would rather
go home.”

He emphasised he was there
“to serve the country and not
individuals,” and said that if he
had committed any crime by
sticking to the right procedure of
running the factory, the matter
should be reported to the police.

“I have a clear conscience.
Why should these people cover
themselves with parliamentary
immunity and make “wild
allegations?” he asked. He de-
manded there should be a public
inquiry. .

ir. Nyachae said: “You can’t
correct mistakes if you give in to
attacks and pressure.

“We are not going to run this
nation effectively if. parochial
attitudes are used: to. attack civil

servants”; he said, adding: “We

+ feel demoralised if leaders attack
us in this manner. If we are
going wrong, they should correct
us instead of attacking us
wildly”.

On allegations that the Kilifi
factory may grind to a halt in the
next six months due to non-
availability of raw cashewnuts,
Mr. Nyachae said since its incep-
tion in 1975, the factory had

* never technically operated to its
full capacity of 15,000 tons per
year.

He said in the 1976/77 season,
the factory processed only 8,200
tons, 4,200 tons in the 1977/78
season, 7,500 tons for 1978/79,
12,200 tons in the 1979/80 and
10,200 tons in the 1980/81 sea-
son. By the end of February, the
factory had processed only 6,600
tons in the 1981/82 season.

“The factory has not ex-
hausted its stocks. This week, it
has been confirmed: that- 2,000
sbags are on -thein way 19. the,

4700/1241

Stadtory:* Mr" Nyachae said.
Between 16,000 and 18,000 tons

of the nuts were being produced

annually, and the question of the

factory. closing dawnsi¢'ney arise,
Ms; Nichae wid He elie

"Pras the correSpandétice,between

‘hiv olfice cad tke ‘Cashew

nut ited ‘ove ‘ol
raw cashewnuts.

The correspondence also in-

“volved the State Corporation of
India, which had reappointed
annually the Kanti Industries Ltd.
as their agents for the importation
of the nuts.

The Kanti Industries was among
five companies allowed ‘by the
management of Kenya Cashew-
nuts Limited (K.C.L.) to export
the nuts to various parts of the
world.

It was appointed agents by the
K.C.L. under minute No. 4/77 of
the meeting of the Cashewnuts
Board of Directors on January 14,
1977 and at a time “I was neither
chairman of the Cereals Board nor
was | in this office,” Mr. Nyachae
said.

He said some local people at the
Coast wanted Kanti Industries to
be dropped as an agent “so that
they could be appointed in its

lace. We found there was no
justification in allegations against

, Kanti,” Mr. Nyachae said, adding
that on that basis he wrote to the
managing director of the National
Cereal and Produce Board, asking
him to allow the State Corporation
of India, through Kanti Industries,
to continvie marketing raw cashew-
nut: “provided they offer good

prices.”

e said Kanti Industries “had
ae i price than

thel wer?

ted, “aad ddéd that cashew.
Luts, old ‘on‘international
“tender as advertised by the
«Cashewnuts Limited. —

“This office does not “handle
tenders ‘nor does the Cereals
*Board. We can. only intervene
when they sell nuts at a lower price
than offered”.

‘According to handing-over
‘notes shown to the Press, the
outgoing general manager of
«Kenya Cashewnut, Mr. Darius
+ Mbela, Grain Millers Ltd. which is

based ‘in Nairobi caters for the
Middle East nuts’ market.
| The company buys nuts in local
j gurrency and makes arrangements
with the Central Bank to have
money brought back into the
| country.

“Since their purchases irom us

are delivered to their Mombasa
godown, we do not get to know
(their clients’ addresses or selling

33

|; prices since they handle their own
documentation. This arrangement
saves. us costs~-of~
whartage at the po!
Season FtO.Be (Fi

spdling “aid
jee they pay
on Board) 7

Mr. Nyachae denied that he
: favoured the two companies and
that Mr. Mbela had been demoted.
* Mr. Mbela had been transferred to
the Peanuts Company, also a sub-
? sidiary of the National Cereals and
. Produce Board, “with the same
} salary”.
\_ Ani officer of the Ministry of
‘Environment and Natural Re-
{sources, Mr. Mumbo, also from
| Coast Province, had been
J seconded to the Cashewnuts Fac-
‘tory as general manager in place of
‘Mr. Mbela, the chairman said.
| Mr. Nyachae said further that
ithe management ‘of Kenya
' Cashewnuts had planned to mis-
‘ apply the Shs. 20 million profit the
factory hdd made but he inter-
ivened, The management wanted
to pay. dividends to shareholders
[and bonus to both staff and
| growers.
|He said bonus io staff “must be
discouraged” because the terms
and conditions offered werescog

ent and politicians, he said.
®Mr. Nyachae said he had be-
me unpopular among some
*tembers of the management of
Kenya Cashewnuts Ltd., and some
politicians in the coast because he
raised producér prices for cashew-
nuts against the wishes of the
management. Farmers had been
gettinig.less than Shs. 2.70 per kg.
‘of a raw nuts since 1977.
“When I became the chairman, I
found that the farmer was being
exploited . My office and the
Ministry of Agriculture exchanged
letters and it was agreed last year
that the producer price be in-
creased from Shs. 2.70 to Shs. 5.50
‘per kg,” Mr. Nyachae said.

‘The increase obviously affected

“the profit margin of the factory

which had insisted that the farmer
should get a maximum of Shs. 3.50

E per kg.

(PSlerhe price increase, together
with my insistence that the cashew-
huts must go international by way

jaf tenders have obviously not

[fade ‘me popular with the man-
fgement which has joined. hands

| sith politicians now attacking me,
Under. parliamentary. privilege”,
Mr. Nyachae complained.



ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

PERSISTENCE OF IMUSHO FAMINE--The Imusho famine problem is still serious.
Deputy General Secretary of the Christian Council of Zambia (CCZ) Reverend
James Makambwe said in Lusaka yesterday. Mr Makambwe said that despite the
return of peace to the area, famine had continued to afflict Imusho and other
surrounding areas in the Western Province. "The situation in Imusho is still
bad." The problem still needed the attention of all those agencies involved
in combating hunger in the area, He attributed the protracted famine to
severe drought. Food production in Imusho had in the past been disrupted

by South African military incursions. Now efforts to help the villagers

to self-sufficiency had failed because of the severe drought this year.
Information reaching his office in Lusaka had indicated a dire need for
beans, salt and milk, Mr Makambwe said the Christian Council of Zambia was
reorganising its operations in the area, having already appointed a new
director of operations at Imusho, Shortage of transport had bedevilled the
operations in the past, CCZ then appealed to its foreign donor agencies for
trucks to help ease the famine relief operations.--Zana [Text] [Lusaka
TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 7]

GDR FOR FOREIGN MINISTER'S. VISIT--Foreign Minister Professor Lameck Goma has
called for understanding between nations to promote peace in the world.
Welcoming the visiting German Democratic Republic Foreign Minister Mr Oscar
Fischer at Lusaka's International Airport yesterday, Professor Goma said
people of the world were living in conflict because of misunderstanding.
Progressive peoples of the world were battling to create understanding and
boost international goodwill. Prof Goma said he looked forward to the
meeting with his counterpart at which issues including bilateral relations
between Lusaka and Berlin and those in the interest of the international
community would be discussed. Speaking through an interpreter, Mr Fischer
said there was nothing that contributed to national and international peace
than detente. Mr Fischer who arrived at the airport in a special GDR jet
from Harare Zimbabwe is his country's member of the central committee of the
Socialist Unity Party, During his three-day visit to Zambia he is expected
to call on President Kaunda and Chairman of the Legal and Political Sub-
Committee of the Central Committee Mr Reuben Kamanga before visiting Living-
stone. [Text] (Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 1]

cso: 4700/943

158



SENEGAL

PRESIDENT'S TRIP TO TWO REGIONS SAID TO BE SUCCESSFUL
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 25 Mar 82 pp 1, 5
[Article by Aly Kheury Ndaw]

[Excerpt] So, the loop has been completed, After 10 days of crisscrossing
two regions vital to the country's economy, the President of the Republic
returned to the capital late yesterday afternoon. Those who accompanied him
as well as those who followed him, commentators and observers alike, unani-
mously recognized that this trip was marked with success. Let us admit it:
the success was expected, but its extent was surprising--pleasantly so.

In all the towns, all the villages, in the smallest marketplaces, the people
gathered to receive, applaud, and regard the illustrious guest of the day as
a member of their family.

The spontaneous, sincere, warm tone of the welcome received from the first
day on Louga did not cease to grow in certain places and all along this tour
to openly assume the aspect of an actual plebiscite. In our opinion, one
primary and essential reason explains the tremendous public chorus which
saluted the passing of the head of state at each stage. Constantly listening
to the people, he has long known how to take the pulse of the nation. Fur-
thermore, since he himself came from the depths of the country, he knows very
well how to merge body and spirit with out hardest working but most deprived
people.

Furthermore, Mr Abdou Diouf never hesitates to speak to them in the language
they love and understand best: the language of truth and reality of deeds.
In such conditions, and possessing such advantages, how could he help but
establish direct and unaffected communication with them? What will not be
the least surprising is this great faculty on the part of our rural fellow
citizens to quickly grasp and rapidly assimilate Senegal's most current and
most alarming concerns today.

Concerns triggered by the difficult international economic situation. In
fact, we are often mistaken in imagining that the only professionals are found
in our comfortable residential and hospital districts in airconditioned
offices.

58



SIX POLICE GENERALS TAKE UP NEW POSTS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1

[Article by Rika van Graan]

[text]

SIX South African
Police generals take up,
their new posts today as
a.result of vacancies left
by retiring senior offi-
cers from the force yes-
terday.

Police headquarters in
Pretoria yesterday also
informed four senior
brigadiers that they had
been promoted to depu-
ty commissioners and
five colonels were pro-
moted to the rank of

brigadier.
Lieutenant-General
Christie Zietsman,,

heading police investi-'
gations into the Sey-
chelles Air India hijack
‘ease, becomes the new
CID chief for South
Africa. For more than'a
year he was deputy CID
chief. He will be suc-

present duties as head
of the forensic science
laboratory. *

Also promoted to the
rank of lieutenant-gen-
eral is General H G

cso: 4700/1173

(Hennie) de Witt, who
become the new
chief deputy commis-

_sioner (personnel and

administration).

The three new gener-
als are: Major-General
Jan Grobbelaar, who
‘will be the commanding
officer at the police’s
‘South African Criminal
Bureau in Pretoria. Ma-
jor-General Willem van

. Zyl, who will succeed

General De Witt as

senior deputy commis-

sioner _ (inspectorate),

.and Major-General H J

Engelbrecht, who will
retain his post as quar-
termaster-general.
Promoted to the rank
of deputy commissioner
are Brigadier A J (Bert)
Wandrag, commanding
officer of the Special
Task Force, Brigadier J
F Erasmus (HG), Briga-
dier D J D Jacobs, the
new divisional commis-
sioner of police in Sowe-
to, and the divisional
CID chief for the East-
ern Cape, Brigadier I J
‘M (izak) van Niekerk.

142

May 82 p 3

Colonels promoted to
the rank of brigadier and
as assistant _commis-
sioners are J A (Jaap)

, du Preez (CID chief for
! the Western Transvaal),
{HJ C (Boesman) van
der Westhuizen (divisio-
‘mal inspector of police
for the Western Trans-
vaal), J C (Kalfie),
Broodryk (HQ, Security
Police); J ~~ G--Verwey
(senior staff officer of
the divisional commis-
sioner in Cape Town)
and B J Herschelmann
@ivisional HQ, Pieter-
maritzburg).

Promoted to colonel
are J H Pheiffer (Pre-
toria North), J.H_Post-
humus (Dog School,
Pretoria), HC Lerm
(Police College), Gert

" van Zyl (CID command-

er, Pretoria North) and
MJ P le Roux (Pretoria
divisional HQ).
Promoted to the rank
of | lieutenant-colonel

| are: A A Joubert (Secur-

ity Police, Pretoria), J J
Benadie (Security
Police HQ), MH A Wes-

SOUTH AFRICA

sels (Police College), M
J Nel (commercial
branch, Pretoria), B F
Steenkamp (HQ), K D
Kruger —_(quartermas-
ters’ office) and H C van
Niekerk (HQ).
Those retired are
Lieutenant-General Ko-
bus Visser, Lieutenant-
General Frikkie Engels, :
Brigadier Ben Pieterse
as divisional commis-
sioner of police on the
East Rand and Briga-
\dier A Morgee, divisio-
| nal CID chief for north-
‘ern Natal based at
Newcastle.
|_ Brigadier Pieterse will
ibe succeeded by Briga-
idier D J (Bokkie) Craf-
| ford from Port Elizabeth
and Brigadier Morgee’s
‘post will be taken up by
Colonel Dan Matthee,
formerly head of the
Durban Murder and
{Robbery Squad, district
CID chief for Potchef-
stroom and lately deputy
CID chief for the East-
ern Cape in Port Eliza-
beth.



KENYA

"HARD LOOK' AT CONCEPT OF PARLIAMENTARY IMMUNITY ASKED

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 15 Apr 82 p 4

leditorial:

[text]

THOSE who have been following discussions in|

Parliament this year will no doubt have noticed a
tendency on the part of some honourable members
to ventilate libellous views on the floor of Parlia-
ment. This tendency must surely cause concem, if
only because immunity for anything said on the
floor of Parliament is predicated on responsible

‘Absence of responsibility, and the consistent
ventilation of libellous and irresponsible statements
from the floor of the House, suggests that we should
take a hard look at the concept of Parliamentary
immunity and, if necessary, qualify it.

wk
"IN ORDER to understand the issue of i

be ised Soanst aay Member for
before, or written in a report to, the
feaes come ee of any
‘matter or brought Petition,
Bill, resolution, motion Or otherwise :
IMMUNITY of Members of Parliament in re-
‘spect of whatever Say in the House is deeply
rooted in British ition, Art. the Bill of
Rights 1688 recording “That the freedom of speech
debates on proceedings in Parliament ought not
to be impeached or questioned in any court or place

out of

kkk

‘COCKBURN C.J saidin Es, P. Wason (1869), “it
is clear that

by Meinbers of cither

"Qualifying Parliamentary Immunity"]

In the case of Chenard & Co. -V- Joachim Arissol.
whether it

5 HOT OMY Tor, ihe dignit
Burt also out of consideration o of
‘the be whom they serve.

‘That is not just the responsibility of the Speaker.
‘It is the responsibility of all Members. The Speaker
‘is no more than their spokesman and figurehead

their own rules (j.c. Standing orders, made and
amended by Resolution ‘of the House),

29



countries in the world have understood the need to merge their forces be-
cause the energy problem is much more difficult to overcome.

Therefore, I wanted to find out the situation and to see how our countries
were solving it--in particular Senegal, where I know the authorities are
making specific efforts in matters of energy development, whether petroleum
or other sources.

[Question] Have the discussions that you have had with certain members of
the Senegalese Government resulted in specific agreements or conclusions?

[Answer] I have had the opportunity to meet with Prime Minister Habib Thiam,
the minister of plan and cooperation, and the secretary of state for scientific
research. However, we only mentioned the problem to see whether an effort
could be agreed upon to assist in one way or another, depending on the orienta-
tion.of the energy policy defined by the Senegalese Government.

I came to find out what Senegal was doing, in order to see what we could do
for it.

[Question] Senegal's oil bill has grown 15-fold in the period of a decade.
Of course, the price of crude oil has just undergone a slight decrease, but
the general manager of SAR [African Refining Company] recently indicated
that we would hardly profit from it. Therefore nothing has changed, and pe-
troleum remains the determining factor in Senegal's increasing trade deficit,
which moreover is not an isolated case in Africa, where economic perspectives
remain particularly gloomy. How is this situation perceived by OPEC?

[Answer] I must answer you very frankly. As far as SAR's position is
concerned, that is an internal problem which I cannot dwell upon. Refining
and distribution companies each have their own method of determining the
prices they apply.

Regarding Senegal's oil bill, I know that it is particularly burdensome for
a developing country.

However, only 17 percent of Senegal's total petroleum imports come from OPEC
member countries.

I am not denying OPEC's significance in the oil bill, but I would also like to
point out the establishment of the compensation systems which it is trying to
operate as effectively as possible. For example, there is the assistance
granted for balance of payments by the OPEC Fund. Thanks to these institutions,
our organization is doing as much as it can to diminish the effect of the in-
crease in the price of crude oil.

[Question] _ Under these conditions, how do you explain the persistence of

obstacles preventing the effective application of preferential tariffs to
purchases of crude oil, as the African importing countries desire?

61



SOUTH AFRICA

PROTECTION OF INFORMATION ACT EXAMINED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 7 May 82 p 18

[commentaries by Gilbert Marcus and Peter Reynolds: "Tighter Veil of
Secrecy"]

[text]

* Newspapermen are already burdened with a

: plethora of restrictive laws. Now the Government
: seeks to tighten yet further the veil of secrecy
surrounding security matters with the proposed
Protection of Information Act. Gilbert Marcus,
a part-time lecturer in law at the University of
-the Witwatersrand, and Peter Reynolds, an
attorney, comment.

Ht would. be naive in
the extreme to deny
sthat governmental sec-
(recy is required to
‘protect certain vital
‘interests of the State.
prohibitions on the dis-
closure of information
‘relating to military
strategy, weaponry and
‘intelligence matters
igenerally can be found
in most civilised legal
systems.

Were the Protec-
tion of Information Bill
‘designed to prevent
disclosure of such mat-
ters only, it would be
unobjectionable. Unfor-
tunately, it- goes much
further. and like other
vstatutes in the security
stable it is character-
jised by the use of wide
“and vague phraseology.

Its ambit is suffi-
ciently wide and uncer-
stain so as to cover not
only genuine acts of
espionage but also con-
‘duct which otherwise
iwould be quite innocu-
ous and acceptable in
imost Western societies.

Tf the Bill becomes
Jaw, ‘it. will be yet an-
other - addition to the
‘long list of statutes res-
Stricting freedom of the
news media and the
‘publication of informa-
‘tion. It will be a’ fur-
ther step by a govern-
‘ment which is obsessed
with secrecy.

The information that
‘the news media is per-
4pitted to publish can-
not be regarded as an
accurate reflection on
ithe state of freedom of

98

speech in South Africa,
‘The real test requires
an assessment of what
+is never published and
kept from public scru-
tiny by an eyer in-
creasing armada of res-
trictive laws.
© The Bill is an. off-
‘shoot of the recent
Rabie Commission on
security legislation and
is intended to replace .
the existing Official
Secrets Act. Ironically,
the Rabie Commission
criticised the Official
Secrets Act for: its
breadth and vagueness.
‘Yet, the proposed Bill
‘suffers from precisely
‘the same malady.

For instance, Section
2 of the Bill makes it
an offence punishable
‘by imprisonment for
‘up to 20 years (without



SOUTH AFRICA

NUCLEAR POWER IS ESSENTIAL FOR GROWTH, ASSERTS ELECTRICITY CHIEF
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 7 May 82 p 2

[Text] Jan Smit, chairman of the Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM),
declared yesterday that a minimum of 20 power plants, each with a generation
capacity of 3,600MW, will have to be built to cope with the anticipated
growth in energy consumption over the next 25 years.

Moreover, attention will have to be given to the role of nuclear power in
the foreseeable future. It appears as if nuclear power will have to be an
essential and inescapable part of the country's energy sources, according to
Smit.

The long-term character of energy supplies makes it imperative to place orders
now for power plants that will be put into operation in the second half of
the next decade.

Smit's annual report revealed that in the year ending December 1981, ESCOM
had sold nearly seven percent more electricity.

That is under the annual average of 8.2 percent over the preceding five
years. The reasons given for the decrease are the reduction in economic
activities experience by South Africa since the start of 1981.

According to Smit, "the decreased rate of growth in energy consumption
is chiefly due to the worsening recession in industry and its impact on South
Africa's export market."

It was also revealed that ESCOM's total revenue in 1981 totaled R2,142
pillion, an amount less than what was budgeted for. This reduced revenue
was blamed on the unanticipated decrease in energy sales, inflation and the
increased cost of money for financing capital needs.

Fixed expenditures in 1981 totaled nearly R1,951 million, while total
fixed assets at yearend amounted to R10,144 billion. R3,721 of this sum
was for work still in progress.

Operating costs also were in the red because of unreliable supplies from
Cabora Bassa and the resulting operation of ESCOM's older and less economical
power plants. In order to meet the energy shortage head on, ESCOM has
instituted extra overtime for maintenance and speeded up its construction

program.
cso: 4701/75

120



KEEN HITS AT MUTHOGA ON DETENTION ISSUE

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 24 Apr 82 p 2

[text]

cso:

‘AN Assistant Minister in the
‘Office of the President, Mr.
John Keen, has blasted the
Chairman of the Law Society
of Kenya, Mr. Lee Muthoga,
for his recent attack on de-
tention.

“Detention without trial is, by
its very definition, an abrogation
of human rights,” Mr. Muthoga
had said a

“Detention without trial is a
breach of the understanding be-
tween the governors and the

oyerned. overnm:
Soyer igs gene

a
ioe ca
tions of the proposed Public Law
Institute at a lunch hosted by the
National Christian Council of
Kenya (NCCK) at Church
House, Nairobi.

Addressing a Press conference
in his office yesterday, Mr. Keen
said the statement by Mr.
Muthoga as the Chairman of the
Law Society was most unfortun-
ate as it smacked of a challenge
to the Government.

“President Moi has said from

e totime, that detention, will
the last “thing to’ resort to,"

4700/1241

39

jMr. Keen nder ga,
{whether Mr, had any
respect for the constitution of
Kenya.

Saying detentions had been
there in Kenya even before inde-
pendence, Mr. Keen pointed out

‘that the Government would not

hesitate to detain anyone if pub-
lic security was threatened.

Mr Keen reffered Mr.
Muthoga to Chapter Five of the
Constitution of Kenya, where
fundamental rights of Kenyans
are defined.

Mr. Keen said he was speak-
ing from experience as a former
detainee, saying Mr. Muthoga
was free if he wanted to be the
first detainee in the present
regime.

= “Mr. Muthoga must have
been a lawyer before 1978, when
Kenya had political detainees.”
Mr. Keen said. He wondered
why Mr. Muthoga did not ques-
tion the Detention Act then.
Mr. Muthoga had said the
proposed public law institute

~ would undertake public matters

like environmental pollution and
abuse of executive powers,
which he said has tended to be
abused.

KENYA



SOUTH AFRICA

IMPORTANCE OF INTERDEPENDENCE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA DISCUSSED
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 21 Apr 82 p 10
[Article by Prof L. A. Van Wyk: "Economic Interdependence"]

[Text] Economic interdependence and economic integration
are realities of the South African scheme of things and

this cannot be contested. This is comprised of many elements
which cannot be separated, according to what Prof L. A. Van
Wyk of Potchefstroom University has written in this perspec-
tive for Christian Higher Education.

Historically South Africa is still being regarded as an economic unit and it
was not until the application of the policy of separate development in the
form of homelands that the question came up as to whether these regions must
still form a part of the republic in the economic sense.

In analyzing the existing economic interdependencies it soon becomes clear that
economic independence of all these South African regions is wishful thinking if
one wishes to first achieve economic progress and then political stability.

But this interdependence reaches out even further, because it encompasses
virtually all the countries to the north of South Africa.

Interdependence in southern Africa is illustrated clearly enough by the
following examples:

Labor is moving in a continuous stream between all regions of southern Africa.
According to estimates there are nearly half a million migrant workers employed
in South Africa at any given time.

If this interdependence were to cease this would lead to an immediate cessation
of most of the industrial activities in South Africa with catastrophic economic
consequences.

But there is more: The workers who would be left without an income would also
be ruined economically, no matter from which country they came, However,
this is not just a movement of unskilled workers to industrial centers; there
are also employers who, as the decentralization advantages increase, are in-
creasingly moving to rural regions with the result that the economic development
of these regions is greatly dependent on these few sources.

81



CHAD

BRIEFS

MINISTER TOURS SOUTH--The state minister for rural development, Mr Naimbaye
Lossimian, left Ndjamena yesterday for Garoua, where he is to take part in the
ministerial council of the Lake Chad Basin Commission. The minister of agri-
culture had just completed a familiarization tour in the southern part of the
country. This tour, which took him to Moyen-Chari, Western Logone, Eastern
Logone, Tandjile, and Mayo-Kebbi, helped him gain a better understanding of
political concerns in the southern zone. It turns out that the South unanimous—
ly approves the position taken by the GUNT [Transitional National Unity Govern-
ment] at the Nairobi summit and rejects any negotiation with the FAN [Northern
Armed Forces]. However, one must qualify that slightly, Mr Naimbaye added.

The problem of the civic taxes, which the government has eliminated but which
continue to be collected by the southern prefects, was discussed throughout
the agriculture minister's trip. According to Mr Naimbaye, the prefects are
demanding contributions of 500 to 1,000 [CFA] francs from the inhabitants of
their prefectures in order to keep the administrative machinery running.

The GUNT bears no responsibility for these tax collections. The state minis—
ter for rural development took advantage of the opportunity of his visit to
Western Logone to officially launch the agricultural season. [Text] [Niamey
INFO CHAD in French 9 Mar 82 p 3] 9516

9516
csO: 4719/759



Workers Treated Like Slaves, Court Told

(THE STANDARD, 20 Apr 82) ...

Textile Institute To Help Economy
(THE STANDARD, 20 Apr 82) ..

Government To Solve Problems in Textile
(Wangombe Wanjao; THE STANDARD, 20 Apr 82)

Plans in Hand for New Power Plant
(THE STANDARD, 17 Apr 82) ...

Strike Rate Dropped in 1981, Says FKE Report
(Kul Bhushan; THE STANDARD, 17 Apr 82) ......ssseeeeee .

Gethi Warns Policemen Against Misuse of Power
(THE STANDARD, 17 Apr 82) ..sssceeeeeeece sete e eee e eee .

Kenya Appeals To Trade Partners
(THE STANDARD, 20 Apr 82) ....sseeeeeeeeeee see e ee eenee

Wage Proposals Unrealistic Claims FKE
(THE STANDARD, 17 Apr 82) ........00- eee eee eeeeee sone

Land Issues Critical Asserts GG
(Gichuri Njihia, et al.; THE STANDARD, 16 Apr 82) .....

Increase Recorded in 1981 Cash Crop Prices
(Kul Bhushan; THE STANDARD, 15 Apr 82) ..... bee e ee eeeee

Unrecovered Guns Cause for Concern
(THE STANDARD, 19 Apr 82) ...seseseeeeeees be eceeeeeees .

Sugar Industry 'Losing Millions'
(THE STANDARD, 21 Apr 82) ...csevesecceeeees soe ee eens

Kenya Coffee Harvest Totalled 99,000 Tons
(Kul Bhushan; THE STANDARD, 21 Apr 82) ........ seen eeee

Briefs
Depo Provera Study
Kilindini Tonnage Up
Dairy Industry Boost
Surrender of Weapons

SENEGAL

President's Trip to Two Regions Said To Be Successful
(Aly Kheury Ndaw; LE SOLEIL, 25 Mar 82) ........ be eeeee

OPEC Official Talks With Premier About Closer Ties
(Mame Nguema Interview; LE SOLEIL, 24 Mar 82) ........ .

-e-

41

42

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

52

53

54

58

60



DERAILMENT OF TRAIN IN BRAAMFONTEIN REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 9

[Article by Marilyn Cohen]

[text]

cso:

AT LEAST 12 people
were injured when a
suburban passenger
train was derailed
about 100m from the
Braamfontein _Sta-
‘tion in Johannesburg
; during peak hour yes-
, terday morning.
{All trains travelling
}towards Johannesburg
née East and West
ind Soweto were
it to a standstill
for‘an hour. The de-
failed train damaged an
beam, causing
a owe: failure from
aaimfontein to
George Goch stations.
|The last ‘coaches of a
‘ain travelling from
to. to Johannes-
Fburg left the rails about
'300m after passing
‘through Braamfontein
tation at 5.46 am.

The two rear trucks
ploughed into’ a short
tmetal pylon and became
uncoupled from the
rest of the train. The
third truck careered on
for about another 100m
before coming to a halt.

The trucks were bad-
ly damaged and an
overhead beam was
brought down, putting ,

4700/1173

all four lines through
Braamfontein Station
out of action. By 1] am

sthree lines were back in
operation.

However _ after _ the
power was restored be-
tween Braamfontein
and George Goch at
about 6.30 passenger
trains were able to by-
pass the derailment by
travelling through the
Braamfontein goods

The ~ derailment
caused thousands of
commuters to be late
for work as the one-
hour standstill caused
by the power failure
created a backlog of
other trains heading to
Johannesburg.

The injured passen-
gers — none. in a se-
‘tious condition — were
‘taken to the Hillbrow
‘Hospital and the driver
was treated for shock.
“The derailed coaches
were put back on the
rails at 2 pm and by 4

‘pm all four passenger,

lines through Braam-
-fontein were back in ac-
‘tion — in time for the
}peak-hour rush.
Another derailment
between Durban and
Pietermaritzburg _put
the main line out of ac-

144

SOUTH AFRICA

‘tion all day yesterday.
| Twelve trucks and
the. guards van of a
goods train left the
:Yails at 1.25 am ina nar-,
row cutting between
‘Shongweni and Dassen-
‘hoek.

A railway spokesman
;said no-one was in-
| jured. Two passenger
trains, including the.
|Trans-Natal from Jo-
_hannesburg to Durban
! were slightly delayed.
© Hundreas or” passeni-
‘gers on the suburban
| Service had to be trans-
‘ ported around the de-
(railment in a 32-bus
‘shuttle service.
| A length of track and
overhead equipment
Lwas extensively dam-
‘aged .and breakdown
‘teams from Pieter-
‘maritzburg and Durban
had difficulty in reach-
ing the area.
|, Trans-Natal and an-
‘other passenger train
were rerouted on the
old main line via Pine-
town. They ran about
an_ hour late.

Inquiries into both
derailments will be
held. A Railways
spokesman ruled out
;“outside interference”
as a cause of the Natal
| accident.



KENYA

RISING CRIME RATE DEPLORED
Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 26 Apr 82 p 4
Editorial: "Are We Hiding Criminals?"]

[Text] A Fourth Form student is lying in a coma at Kenyatta National Hospital
after being attacked by thugs in Buru Buru Estate, Nairobi, on Friday night.
He was returning home after escorting his brothers to a bus stop at around

8 p.m. when he was attacked.

It is not the first time that such an incident has occurred around this
estate. Indeed, it has become a common occurrence in many residential
estates in this city and in other urban areas throughout the country as well
as well as in some rural areas,

People are going around in fear-of their lives in some places just because
certain individuals have decided they will not do an honest day's work,
but would rather go round at night harassing peace-loving citizens and
robbing them of their belongings.

The police are doing a commendable job in trying to get rid of this menace
and many of the thugs have been rounded up and dealt with in accordance with
the law. There is, however, another fundamental aspect of law enforcement
which arises since the police alone cannot be fully effective without
co-operation from wananchi,

It is known that these thugs operate in organised groups and live in the
community where they commit these offences, Some of them, if not all, are
well known to the community as having been responsible for previous acts of
thuggery. They can be easily identified to the law enforcement officers.

The most common attitude towards local thugs is that of indifference as long
as they have not done anything against the person concerned. People have
the habit of saying the thugs’ activities are "none of my business as long
as they leave me alone,"

36



LIMA PROJECT ASSOCIATION TURNS’ OUT TO BE ‘HOAX’

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 7

[text]

cso:

THE controversial Lima
Project Association
intended to help solve
the country’s un-
employment problem
has turned out to be-a

‘hoax.

This follows the deten-
tion at the weekend of its
director, Mr Charles
Mukombo after more
than 800 school leavers
recruited by the associa-
tion from all over the
country were trooped
from Mumbwa_ to
Lusaka demanding their
money
organisation.

The hunger striken boys”

and girls spent Saturday night
at Kamwala main bus terminal
and yesterday they were at
Lusaka Central Police Station
in an effort to get back their
money from Mr Mukombo who
is in the cells.

Mr Mukombo is being held
together with his three secre-

‘taries.

The recruits are demanding

their’ money to pay for: fares

back to their different destina-
tions. Some of them come from

‘as far as. Mbala. Livingstone.

Zambezi and Chipata.
Police are in a quandary be-
‘cause Mr Mukombo has alleg-

4700/943

from the.

155

fedly used all the monéy he
collected from the school
leavers. He’ claims that he

Another problem is that
some of them were not given
receipts after they had paid
the money.

Mumbwa police handed the
| problem to Lusaka but Lusaka
| has accused Mumbwa - of
; “passing the buck.”*
| "One "student. Douglas
| Kamwi from Livingstone. said

he spent a night in a football
{ ground in’ Mumbwa together

with his friends as they could
not find accommodation.

According to the admission

letter sent to him by the asso-
ciation, he was requested to
report. at Mumbwa_ welfare
hall on May 8, 1982 for inter-
views and he was asked to
bring K6S for uniforms, K10
vaffiliation fee and K20 board-
ing fees. All these fees were
non-tefundable.

Another sponsorship train-
ing admission form for Albere
Chitoti of 87 Andrew Mwenya
road, Chiwempala in Chingola
‘says the’ association will grant
loans for training to legible.
| capable and reliable members
i whose _ character, “honesty.
‘integrity and ability to learn
are rated outstandi .

The form states that ‘Lima’
was not any institute of learn-
ing but a charitable organisa-
tion,

ZAMBIA



cso:

4700/1173

anger, or cold disdain for each other.
Instead, they were relaxed. They obviously
-had talks that were conducted in an
amicable manner. And they emerged
smiling and with obvious friendliness to-
wards each other, }

To the extent that they met in an atmos-
phere that was conducive to such useful
discussions, we rate the conference a
great success.

We hope that this will be the forerunner of
other meetings.

But we also hope that if the two leaders do|
meet again, it will not be in quite the kind
of no-man’s-land that was chosen for
these talks.

Perhaps there was a feeling this time that,
like the Victoria Falls bridge meeting be-
tween Mr Vorster and Dr Kaunda in
1975, the talks should be held on neutral
territory.

In this case, on a border.

But it would be better if they met next
time in more appropriate surroundings.

And that means a city. Whether it is in
South Africa or Zambia or in another
land that lends itself to such discussions.

Anyway, here’s hoping that much good
will:come of yesterday’s talks and that
there will be another meeting between
the two leaders to carry on where they
left off and to cement the ties of
friendship they appear to have achieved
already.

67



! The suggested form {. “TH®y are respon-
* of government, he said, © sible reports and, al-
», would be autocratic and though I do not agree
the executive State with everything, I think
President and the min- it is at least a starting

point for change - in
South Africa,” he said.
‘According to Prof

‘ Kriek, the recommen-
of Unisa, said’ his dations favoured co-op-

specialit itu- erative federalism and
Watters. bat were virtually those of

tional matters, bi n
also had doubts ‘about the New Republic Par-

the introduction of an
executive President.
He, however, added:
“I will reserve my final
judgement until we
know how he will link
up with the legislative

+ isters would be insensi-
yetive to feelings expres-
sed by political parties.
Prof Dan-Kriek, also

ty.

They provide for the
different groups to de-
cide on their own. mat-
ters and decide -to-
gether on matters of
mutual interest. “None
of the groups will ever

authority. be able to dominate an-
».. Prof Kriek said the other.”
reports of the Presi- But, he added: “We
dent’s Council were will have to see how
well ‘presented and he ‘own matters and mat-
gained the impression ters of mutual interest’
:_ that they were also well will be handled.”
reasoned.
CSO: 4700/1240
76



215247

JPRS 80952

1 June 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2631

901 2060866)

|
_ Lae Ee

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

/RepRoDuceD BY ~
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE | §

US, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 & } 4]



SOUTH AFRICA

REAGAN-BREZHNEV ARMS LIMITATION TALKS BACKED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 4 May 82 p 24
[Editorial: "Nuclear Summit"]

[text]

GIVEN that ‘they are two of
the oldest leaders in the
world and that the health of one
of them has patently deteriorat-
ed markedly, an actual meeting
between Presidents Reagan and
Brezhnev five months hence
seems: rather .a
However, the ‘agreement on a
Russo-American su'mmit in
October will please many Ame-
ricans and their allies.

In the: early days of his
presidency, Mr Reagan said
that the Russians were: prepar-
ed “to commit: any .crime, to
lie, to cheat” in the interests of
communism: Although his ad-
ministration has since softened
its public Soviet’. line, Mr
Reagan is surely ‘privately feel-
ing that Russian aid to fascist

ong . shot...

Argentina confirms . his suspi-
cions. It is an obvious: case of
mischief-making to weaken the
Western grip on South America.

The US has been under pres-
sure from. West German’Chan-
cellor Helmut Schmidt’ to .re-
open the SALT talks broken off,

~three years ago and from Nato

to begin negotiating on medium--
range missiles. West Europeans
need to be reassured that some-'
body cares about their state of
nerves over nuclear. missiles
based in their countries. A‘
superpower summit would be a
boost for: allied . unity.’ And
however much President Rea-"
gan may. distrust “the .com-
mies” he owes it to the world
to try his damnedest for arms
limitation.

cSO: 4700/1237

102



Code of Practice Urged

cso:

4700/1240

THE Rabie Commission
‘into security legislation
had not adequately cov-
ered the question of in-
terrogation procedures
or the protection of de-
tainees, Mr Pat Rogers

-(NRP, King. William’s

Town) said yestereday.
Opposing the second
reading of the Internal
Security Bill, Mr Rogers
said it was “arrant non-
sense” to-suggest that
if one agrees with the,
need for security. legis-
lation, one believed the
need for this Bill.

He asked the Minis-
ter of Law and Order,
Mr Louis le Grange, to
set up a-system which

i.would reassure the

country that the hand-
ling of detainees during
interrogation was abso-
lutely fair.

This should include

“detainees being allowed

visits by their own doc-
tors.
As prisoners of war

} were protected by: the
: Geneva and Hague Con-

ventions, detainees too

: should have -a code of

accepted measures for
their protection. ~~~

125



UNZA ADMINISTRATION EXPELS TWO DANISH LECTURERS

Danish Charge's Statement

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82

[Excerpt]

‘TWO Danish lecturers at the University of Zambia

Great East Road campus have been expelled by the ad-:
ministration over the recent crisis which led to the var-

sity closure on April.21.

They are Dr Sven Borgen
and Dr Leif Mortensen.

. Confirming this in an inter-
view with the Times at the
weekend, charge d'affaires at
the Royal Danish embassy Mr
Finn Christoffersen said the
embassy had been asked ‘‘to
remove the lecturers from the
university immediately”.

Asked to comment on the
university _ administration’s
move, he said although there
was nothing much the em-
bassy could do, the punish-
ment-meted out on his fellow
nationals was “unfortunate”.

Mr Christoffersen said per-
sonally, he would rather the
lecturers were given a serious
warning since that was their
first “‘offence’’, or if the
university was'determined on
removing them this should
have been done at the expiry
of their contracts.

“T would have likéd to see
the lecturers allowed to.
finish their present contract,
‘or a warning would have

had better. This would have.

been fair in my personal
opinion,” he added

Mr Christoffersen said ac-
cording to the letter he receiv-
ed on Thursday last week from
the university Pro _ vice-
chancellor Professor: Father

Michael Kelly, Dr Borgen and
Dr Mortensen were dismissed
because ‘they signed an in-
ternal memorandum to the
administration.”” .

The letter adds that the
signed memorandum later got
into the hands of the students
who were then on a class

“boycott in protest against the

expulsion and suspension of
their colleagues.

The administration claims
the ‘students in turn were
“using it (in their speeches)
saying all lecturers are sup-
porting us.””

Mr Christoffersen, who

visibly seemed sympathetic

with the expelled lecturers,

said in fact the memorandum .

was to be signed by all
lecturers at .the campus,
except that it was ‘‘snatched”’
after only four of them had
done so. :

He spoke well of both.
lecturers, saying during their

‘service, which was only eight
* months out of the expected 24

in case of one of them,
they had worked hard and
“supported the country’s
philosophy of Humanism.
“They have been support-
ing the philosophy because it
‘is in agreement with what is
+ followed in our on country
which is social democrat.

153

ZAMBIA

“And I know they are sorry
: about having to leave because
| they liked their work, When
they took part in the’signing
of the memorandum,. it was
not their idea to aggravate the
situation at the campus.”
Mr Christoffersen said.

He conceded he had held
talks with the university ad-
ministration on the issue in a
! bid to see if ‘their decision
could be changed, but ‘‘it did
not help much”.

Although it would be diffi-
cult for the lecturers to return
to their country so unexpec-
| tedly as their houses may have
_ been rented out, the embassy
‘would do everything possible
{to ensure their comfort.

Punished

i ‘We will treat them in the
‘most fair way. I am sure they
cannot be punished again.””

| Mr Christofersen said in
helping the Third World, it
was his country’s policy to only
-give the kind of help that was
lasked for ‘‘without imposing
janything on them.”

Before the university was
| closed and students ordered to
ileave at gun-point, a heavily
armed. combined team of
soldiers, paramilitary, special
branch and police officers
searched the homes of ex-
| patriate lecturers.

The university reopens on
| June 21.



KENYA

Rapid Development in KTDA Activities
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 23 Apr 82) ........ bee eeeeee se eeeee

Moi Warns Potential Dissidents of Possible Detention
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 23 Apr 82) ...seceeceeeceesccsseees

Hard Negotiations Avert Bank Strike
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 16 Apr 82) ...ceeeseeeeeee bec eeeeee

Muslim Conference Is Held in Nairobi
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 23 Apr 82) ..sssceeceeseeeeseeeees .

Serego Reported To Be Calm
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 23 Apr 82) ..ccsceceeeceeeeeeee sees

Slow-Down in Growth of Housing in Kenya
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 16 Apr 82) ....... se eeeeeeeeeee sees

Dockers Pull-Out Hits Snags
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 16 Apr 82) ....seeeee bee eeeeeeeeee .

Corrupt Officials To Face Music
(THE WEEKLY REVIEW, 16 Apr 81) ....ccceceeeeeeeceees eee

"Hard Look' at Concept of Parliamentary Immunity Asked
(Editorial; THE STANDARD, 15 Apr 82) .......e0- be eeeees

Luo Leaders Patch Up Differences
(THE STANDARD, 22 Apr 82) ..cseccseccescceeceees seeeee

Nyachae Hits at Politicians
(Nelson Osiemo; THE STANDARD,15 Apr 82) ....seeeeeeees .

Parastatal Debts Cost Kenya Five Billion Shillings
(Editorial; THE STANDARD, 17 Apr 82) .......+++ seeeenee

Police Stoned by Mob, Witness Tells Court
(THE STANDARD, 20 Apr 82) ...scceseceeeceeeeees ee

Rising Crime Rate Deplored
(Editorial; THE STANDARD, 26 Apr 82) .....

Salatt Refutes Claims of Big Rustling Raids
(Gichuri Njihia, James Kuria; THE STANDARD, 23 Apr 82).

Keen Hits at Muthoga on Detention Issue
(THE STANDARD, 24 Apr 82) ...

PC Warns Youth-Wingers
(THE STANDARD, 26 Apr 82) ...ssseeeeceeeees eceeeceeeees

-b-

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40



KWAZULU DENIAL ON BIACK-SPOT REMOVAL COOPERATION REPORTED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Apr 82 p 2

[text]

cso:

4700/1237

CAPE TOWN .— For
the second time within
six months the govern-
ment has attempted to
give the impression
that kwaZulu is co-
operating in the remov-
al of “black spots” in
Natal and with the con-
solidation of the home-
Jand, a kwaZulu Minis-
ter said yesterday.

Dr Frank Mdlalose,
Minister of the Interi-
or, said yesterday that
he was “absolutely flab-
bergasted” by the
latest attempt.

“The kwaZala
Government ts totally
opposed to consolida-
tion and all removals.
Because of this we
would have nothing to
do with the consolida-
tion commission. We
have | fought it all the

way.’
_ The issue arose in
written question about
four “black spots”
asked in Parliament by
Mr Graham Mcintosh

(PFP, Pietermaritzburg
North).

Dr Piet Koornhot,
Minister of Co-opera-
tion and Development,
replied: “The excision
of the areas concerned
from kwaZulu is a con-
sequence of a resolu-
tion of Parliament in
connection with the
consolidation of kwaZu-
Ju and an agreement
reached in this regard
between the Depart-
ment of Co-operation
and Development and
the Government of kwa-
Zulu.”

When Inquirles about
the agreement were
made, a spokesman for
the department said:
‘The details of the
agreement cannot. be
made avatlable. It is a
confidential. document
on a government-to-
government basis.”

Other sources
revealed that the
agreement did not
eover the actual excl-
sion of territory.

103

SOUTH AFRICA



‘compare government projection with
‘the actual performance of the industry.
iThe current five year development plan’
calls for a growth of 6.2 per cent per year
‘in private investment in. residential
uildings in the country. That is a rise
‘om £34.6 million in 1976 to £50.6
“million in 1983. The actual investment
by the private sector in residential
buildings amounted to more than £60
million in 1980, and therefore should
have more than met government targets
“for residential housing envisaged in the
development plan. But. costs in the
building industry appear to account for
imost- of this increased volume of
investment. The country’s building and
construction cost index rose by 11.9 per
-cent in 1980 as compared with a rise of
13.9 per cent.in 1979 and 8.3 per cent in
‘1978. The recent devaluations in 1981
‘should ensure that the rise for the index
in 1981 is at least of the same order of
magnitude. Cement, whose price is
controlled, rose from shs. 737 per tonne
in 1979 to shs. 953 per tonne in 1980.
Timber, hardware, paints, steel, glass
jand other inputs whose prices are not
| government controlled also contributed
to the additional costs which made
-residential buildings nearly 12 per cent
more expensive to: build in~1980 than
they were in 1979. This rate of cost
‘escalation is double the rate of increase
in investment which the development
plan envisages for the private sector’s
‘contribution to resideritial buildings.
__ The National Housing Corporation,
: which is one of the instruments that the
government uses for implementing its
housing policies, pointed out in its 1980
annual report that escalating building
costs’ were one of the major constraints
in its housing programme throughout
the country. The NHC’s site and service
houses now cost more than shs. 30,000
per plot to build when five years ago
they cost just over shs. 10,000 per plot.
“Building prices per square metre of
floor -area are now about shs. 200 for
rental and .tenant purchase houses
whilst five years ago the costs were
‘about shs. 50 per square metre.
Another factor which the NHC
‘considers a major constraint “on!
housing, especially in urban areas, is the

24

jinsistance by most local government
authorities on building standards which
“rule out the use of non-conventional but-
jtelatively cheaper’ materials in
residential buildings. Nairobi for
instance, does not permit the erection of.
permanent timber structures fo:
residential .housing, though such
structures elsewhere in the world have
«proved very durable as well as easier
sand faster to erect than stone buildings.
Then there is the cost of money.
MIniterest rates have gone up in recent
years, and a credit squeeze has been
-placed on both developer and potential
purchaser of newly ‘constructed
' buildings. The situation in Nairobi has
‘led. to. some. rather painful
confrontations between developers and
their intended clients. The general trend_
‘has been as follows. A developer with
“limited capital somehow obtains title to
a residential plot. He gets anarchitect to
draw up plans which are approved by
jthe appropriate urban authority. He
then begins to look for. finance:
Normally he will get long term financ-
bing from a combination of sources —
mortgage firms and insurance houses —
if he can come up with a’ sizeable
proportion of the total costs of the
project, usually 30 to forty percent. The
developer then gets some brochures
drawn up, advertisements placed in
newspapers, asking prospective buyers
td apply to be considered for purchase
of the houses. Usually the application
fee of not less than shs. 1,000 is non-
refundable. Given the scarcity of
housing in a place like Nairobi, some
developers have been known to raise as
much as shs. 10 million on application
fees alone. With this money a
contractor can be secured to start some
form of activity to prove to the would-
be buyers that this is not a fly-by-night
venture. And some contribution can be
made towards clinching the deal with
the financial firms. The main crunch is,
however, still to come. How to raise the
needed 30 or so per cent of total project
costs. But it is not as big a crunch as it
seems. ‘The developer processes the
applications he has reccived, and asks
for commitment fees or deposits from
the “successful” applicants. The
deposits so collected are usually



of South Africa for help. Sometimes this is in the form of providing direct
aid such as loans, but there are also other forms of aid coming from South
Africa such as, for example, the locomotives which are providing transportation
services to Zimbabwe and the maintenance of certain transportationifacilities
in Mozambique.

It may easily be argued that this sort of help is unilateral, because it comes
only from South Africa. But this is not so one-sided, because South Africa's
progress is influenced by the economic progress of its neighboring countries
and the slower the latter moves the more effect it will have as a curb on the
republic.

Other areas in which there is interdependence between the countries of southern
Africa are the following: Ecology, multilateral technical committees, physical
input, business services, followup services, the planned Development Bank, the
Small Business Development Corporation, formal agreements such as the Southern
Africa Customs Union, areas of collaboration, industrial decentralization and
the provision of credits.

Anyone who thinks that the above mentioned elements can be separated in such

a manner that each national state and independent country in southern Africa
(including South Africa). can maintain the smae standard of life as now, not

to even mention progress, has no concept of the reality of economic integration
which has existed since the earliest history of the country.

This also holds the potential of political instability due to a weak economic
situation...a decline in the entire region thus becomes a strong possibility.

7964
csO: 4701/53

83



cso:

4700/943

4 But they fired their criticism
from the sidelines,

‘They had a more active
role to play in public life — in
the. organisation and ad-
vancement .of the party of
their choice.

Party politics could only
benefit from the greater in-
‘volvement of businessmen in
party branches and
‘congresses. °
Big organisations should
encourage their senior per-
‘sonnel to become more ac-
tive in politics, he sai

On manpower the Minister
said the personnel situation
‘had become critical in many
areas. He warned, too, of the
declining number of ‘whites
‘currently available to fill all
senior posts, and that as the
economy advanced, - short-
ages would become even
more serious. .

Emphasising the point, Dr
Viljoen said the number of
white pupils now in SA
‘schools would decline from
‘960 000 in 1980 to 750.000 in
the year 2.000.

78

‘The congress also’ showed
‘a deep concern for the grow-
ing and widespread labour
‘unrest.
© The president of the AHI,
;Mr I J Steyn, said concern
was growing throughout the
country .at the increasing
number of black worker
strikes.

On training, Mr Steyn

leaded for an acceleration
“in training programmes for
the country's vast black la-
‘bour. potential. This was an
urgent) economic-political
problem, which the country
dared not neglect.
i’ On strikes, he said once
employers ané workers be-
came more familiar with the
‘new labour negotiating pro-
cedures the position would
stabilise and better under-
‘standings would develop.

He appealed to AHI mem-
bers te be ready and
equipped to move towards
‘the det Century — “We can-
not, we dare not, move back
‘to the so-called good old days
‘of the 20th Century.” .



GUINEA

BRIEFS

CUBAN FILM WEEK--Within the context of the long-established cultural relations
between the Cuban and Guinean governments--relations which have continued to
improve--the General Information Commission and the Cuban Embassy are organiz—
ing a Cuban Film Week from 3 to 10 April 1982 at the "November 8th" Cinema

in Conakry on the occasion of the 21st anniversary of the "Playa Giron"

[Bay of Pigs] victory. The presentation of five films throughout the week--
starting with "Manuala," which the people in the capital will be able to
previow--is planned for the cultural event which we will witness. "Manuala"
is an episode of the struggle for freedom, whose failure in the city will
lead the fighters to recognize that the major strength of revolutionaries
must reside in unity. [Text] [Conakry HOROYA in French No 2911, 28 Mar-3
April 82 p 26] 9693

cso: 4719/802



KENYA APPEALS TO TRADE PARTNERS

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 20 Apr 82 p 3

[Text]

cso:

4700/1241

Ute

THE Kenya National
sent an ur

Me Machara ob observed that it
was clear Kenya continued to
incur enormous import bills
from these countries while the
level of Kenyan exports to them

shad gather stagnated or risen

J eid oR
dia and the Midile East oil

Gout bia aa rae
and Iran) as reflecting, the
largest trade~deficits against
Kenya. 2

to economic
an urgent solution was needed to
reverse the trend.

Mr. Macharia called for ur-
gent consultations to formulate a

“guide on bilateral trade to en-

sure an equitable balance of

(Chamber of Commerce and Industry yesterday

urgent appeal to all Kenya's major trading partners to buy

Tocal products so as to reduce the ‘enormous trade imbalance
been persistent in- the last five years.”

‘Granber Ghaiposn Min bless tote nero eased amelie

tzade with the trading partners.
‘He further appealed to the
‘Government to re-examine its
policy on bilateral trade and at
the same time commercial
departments in Kenya's embas-
sies abroad to ‘adopt a more

He requested foreign trading

remove completely. restrictions

the importation of Ke-

yan goods into their countries,

failing which Kenya should im-
Pose reciprocal measures.

While expressing appreciation

‘of the numerous loans and credit

we a “short-term” relief but
the “long-term effects of exces-
sive borrowing are left behind”.

48

KENYA



The young people came from 12 universities and other educational institutions
in South Africa. Amongst those who have already left the university phase
there were professionals including an engineer and an attorney.

Dilemma

Most of the colored youths asked that their names not be made public, because
they are troubled by the dilemma that radical elements in their own community
would make life difficult for them.

One of the young persons at St Raphael was a black young lady who went to Nigeria
during the 60's and has now returned to South Africa. While in Nigeria she
studied law as one of her subjects. "I returned because I believe that there

is hope for the country. While in Nigeria I had complete freedom, but South
Africa is my fatherland."

Some of the names are indicative of the broad spectrum of these young people:
Tom Boya, chairman of the community council of Daveyton, Pieter Fourie, founding
member of POLSTU [Association of Political Students] and now a Pretoria Univer-
sity member, Randall van der Heever, attached to the Cape's Professional Edu-
cators Association, Gilroy Dlukula, a black journalist, Faruk Hoosian, an edu-
cator giving lessons in Afrikaans at the Orient College in Durban, Themba Sidaki,
an attorney of Johannesburg and Gordon Grant, a member of the student council

of ‘the University of Pretoria.

Questions

Several matters were discussed at length by the young people (sometimes jointly
and sometimes in smaller groups of four or five). Some of the questions were:

Is it realistic or reasonable to deny South African citizenship to blacks?
The answer to this was an overwhelming - no.

The feeling among the young people, including the whites, was that the blacks
were born here and therefore this right should not be denied to them.

Some of the whites made it clear that they do not wnat any part of a one-man-
one-vote system. They are in favor of a common South Afrikanership, but not

on a single voters roll.

Entitlement in a just society with equal opportunities for all, means justice
for all...not just for blacks and not just for whites.

Discrimination

How can statutory racial discrimination be phased out?

Everybody was in a greement that discrimination must disappear and speakers
emphasized the urgency of this. Some of them stated that they realize that

this cannot happen overnight, but a beginning must at least be made through
the abolishment of the Immorality Act and the Group Areas Act.

90



MALAN SAYS HE WILL QUIT ‘IF PM ASKS ME"

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 7 May 82 p 1

[Article by John Battersby]

[text]

cso

(CAPE TOWN. ~ The Minis-

iter. of Defence, Mr Magnus

er

i folio only if the

Pane Minister, Mab W
‘Botha, asked him to do so,

“ii an “interview with the

Mand Daily Mail Mr Malan :

to confirm or deny
‘specifically that he offered
his resignation to the Prime
Minister at a protracted
‘Cabinet meeting on Tuesday.

Speaking from his home in
Pretoria yesterday Mr Me.
‘Tan said there was no need for
him to resign. y

i, “The Prime Minister will

‘decide and I will do anything
‘he requests,” he said.

According to Rand Daily
‘Mail sources the allegations

4700/1235

t by mercenai leader Colonel
|. Mike Hoare that the Govern-
“ment had authorised SADF
involvement ‘in the. attempt-
ed’ coup was the subject of

rotracted discussion at

esday’s Cabinet meeting.

Asked whether he could
Confirm he had offered to re-
sign Mr Malan said:

“I thought that the whole
question was sub judice.”

Rand Daily Mail: “The Sey-
chelles question is sub judice
but ly the fact whether
you have offered your resig-
nation or not cannot be con-
sidered sub judice.”

‘Mr Malan: “Where did you

a talking point in certain po-
litical circles.”

ws Malan: q hada jovely
meet at Nelspruit last
night. T'doubt that 4 man who

69

‘had resigned would do sonie-

thing like that. at
“I need not resign from the
Cabinet. -
“The Prime. Minister will
decide and I will do anything
he requests.”

“Tam here to serve my
country and the Prime Minfs-
ter. There is no need for m
to resign,” 5

The Prime Minister: and.
Mr Malan have persisteittly
declined to comment on Col
Hoare’s allegations on the
grounds that the matter is
Alton a request by th

igh a request by the
official Opposition for the ap-
intment of a parliamén-
ry select committee. has
been turned down by the
Speaker, the Opposition ‘ts to
persist in its attempts to
ve the allegations investi-
ited within the limits set by
the sub judice rulé,



‘Standing orders numbers 73, 76, 88 and 89 show ‘tig th oe ot pees t possibly be
‘what the fules of our National Assem

by way of Safeguard against abuse of immunity. of seated withont e vould be

‘Speech, at the it time. hoe moa ar wa pon

‘The extent “qualified” privilege which
Purpose depends, Me ee a nnn ier varions
their Speak occasions (e.g. communications

i
Hee

tion to generation fair comment on matters of
neglect and ); in which case the utterance is still pro-
it has is proved to have been actuated

{

[charges someone with crime or some contagious
disease, or attacks him in the way of his profession
or business, or accuses a woman of inchastity;

IRTHELESS, admitted that greater immunity fisher than is available
re aos nt necessarily always the best ca ieee epoca
Pete conic at all mes. and that there are ways in ‘newspapers would then have to think twice about

CSO: 4700/1241

30



TEXTILE INSTITUTE TO HELP ECONOMY

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 20 Apr 82 p 14

[text]

INSTALLATION of machinery in spinning and weaving areas of Shs. 65
million Kenya Textile Training Institute in Nairobi is progressing very
well and soon testing and commissioning will be done.”

The institute is being built in two phases and when fully operational
hopefully by mid 1983, it will be the biggest textile training institute in
Black Africa, turning’ out over 300 textile technologists every year.

Phase I which will house workshop areas for spinning, weaving and
rovessing is expected to x ready by December 1982.’Phase If will
incor a well equip boratory area (physical testing and
chemical laboratories) which will also offer an excoligas opportunity for
carrying out research in the textile eld.

iso to be incorporated in the second phase are knitting and garment
manufacturing areas. Phase II is expected to be functional by the middle

Im conjunctin with the industry, ‘the institute will recruit school-
leavers who together with those already working will form its student
Population. So far the Directorate of Industrial Training in the Ministry
of , which is in charge of the institute, has been inundated by
nemerous enquiries from various textile mills in-the country.

Supporting the Kenya Government in this massive project is the
‘Netherlands Government which has given a’ soft‘ioan amounting to
approximately Shs. 22 million for purchase of the equipment and
technical assistance in the form of ten textile experts,

+h technical assistance, the Netherlands Government has made

‘Throug!
‘available a team of European textile experts from a Dutch company,

Berenschot-Moret-Bosboom (B.M.B.) who are preparing courses for the
stitute.

To-date the project team has assessed the training néeds through
investigations in selected factories and translated the needs into courses
which are now being tested in pilot factories. This will enable the intitute
‘to develop a curriculum tailor-made to Kenyan needs,

‘The Kenya Government on the hand has contributed over Shs. 30
million towards the institute and it contracted M/s Star Textile Engineer-
ing Work: Ltd. of Bombay, India for the supply and installation of
machinery and equipment.

The Indian company was also commissioned to provide advisory and
technioal services to assist the Kenya Government with modifications
and renovation of an existing building to suit the requirements of the
institute.

The training of local instructors who must replace in two years’ time
ten expatriates already engaged by the institute, is being conducted
locally and abroad. ‘ . -

‘Also recruited and in the process of being’ trained are assistant
instructors and artisans who will form the nucleus of the maintenance
staff in future.”

In view of the importante of quality control in the finished textile
goods, the institute in collaboration with the Kenya Bureau of Standards
plan to establish a National Textile Testing Laboratory. ;

The primary role of the laboratory will be to assist in the preparation
of standard testing procedures for fibre, cloth tests and chemicals
testing.

“Thus when fully operational, the institute will have a marked effect of
the country’s economy.

42

KENYA



SOUTH AFRICA

ARBITRARY DETENTIONS, BANNINGS, ARRESTS OPPOSED

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 3 May 82 p 4

[Text] -

IT HAS become far too common

now for people who,” at some.
stage or other, have been

detained, sentenced to jail, or

acquitted of political offences to

find themselves victims of.
bannings or banishments. :

It has been happening over

the years to such an extent it has

now become almost acceptable..
People who have served

sentences on Robben Island,
who have had to do the full

sentence because there is up to-
this stage no provision for.
remission of sentence, look

forward to the day of their

release with much uncertainty’
as to their future.

Some of them have to go to
some distant bundu to. which

‘they will be restricted. They are ,

often banned as. well, so cannot
be quoted. Nor can they have.
any number of visitors. Despite
the fact that they have “served
their Penalty to society”, and
should be free persons.

Technically, they are still
prisoners, and will be for as long
as officialdom-prescribes they
are, In other:'words, they are
serving longer sentences than
the court found it necessary to.
jail them for. =

111

“Heaven knows, the bitterness
of these people knows no
‘bounds. And ‘can we really
blame them?

Many of the people sent to
‘shorter jail terms following the.
1976-7 uprisings are’ due for
‘release soon.::We wonder
whether the mighty pen will be,

ready to’ sign. away those

people’s freedom, too. It would
be.tragic, indeed.

»-On the question of those
detained, and- released, one
would: have thought that they

‘are released because there is

notzenough evidence that can
standup to the. tests.of our:
Courts of law, and that those
‘people therefore need to be
Freed unconditionally. ° .
“Once more, many of them find
ithemselves victims of bannings
~ a measure obviously resorted
Sto in the absence of evidence for
a court case.
Think also of people found not
wilty in a court, who move out
‘of the-building hoping for a life
‘of freedom - only to be re-
‘arrested and charges related to
“the same incidents formulated
against them. Fortunately, the
Rabie Commission of Inquiry



KENYA
GETHI WARNS POLICEMEN AGAINST MISUSE OF POWER
Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 17 Apr 82 p 5
[text]
‘ANY policemen found taking into «He further told them the force 6
custody hecat wanancht haras- tial bt atonal and tc loyally shod be
ising them and soliciting bribes will iGirected to the President whom they should
ibe in full for the incon- was from those
‘veniences, the Police Commission- jpeople smuggled and hoarded goods or
‘er, Mr. Ben Gethi, has warned. _ ‘sent Kenya currency out of the country.
nr? 2 7 ‘The police. chief called on
Mr. Gethi said he was aware of such them to ‘be impartial and fair
acts by a few policemen, whom he ‘when dealing with members of
said had cost the Government a lot of moncy ithe public saying any tribalism.
in the form of compensation, and he assured ‘selfishness, politics and unfair
the habit would not considerations would neither be

Wednesday.

He reminded members of the police force Eppointment cards or search
that their to maintain law and swarrants before allowing them
a eethond detect crime imo their homes or ‘business
‘and life and but not to :Premises for any purposes.
= Lagtnas ing those “He told the graduates there
; ened Powers . | Was no short-cut in advancement
duties. “im the ranks of the force and

csO: 4700/1241

47



SOUTH AFRICA
SMALL TURNOUT FOR ASB MEETING REPORTED
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 10 May 82 p 3
[Article by Martin Feinstein]
[text]

‘A CURRENT affairs confer- * Dr Andries Treurnicht, arid
ence by the Afri- black churchman Dr Alan
kanse thond (ASB) Boesak — withdrew at the
in Bloemfontein limped ‘last minute,

e weel on} re:
i aa he Te ee
eaters, had expected ; ite ‘Do they really
lea i paged

«© about 300 students from all want to make Sout Africa

; over the country to the ¢ the last bastion of a colo-

* conference on “existence nial order, in the combat-
with justice”, which was «_ ting of which the Afrikaner
addressed by ad by speakers ; himself achie

national conseiou:
» pon: evan zg eb : @Dr Van Zyl

£ the Minister | who said the surest way to

{ Internal Affairs, ir Chris | threaten white survival

* Heunis. was to withhold: justice

‘The bad turnout was not a | from blacks,
political snub for the con- |e Professor | HW

| servative ASB, however, as ji, Chief Minister.
the Stellenbosch and Port | of Gazankulu, ‘who said
|. Btizabeth delegates were apartheid was “so evil that.
{4 involved: in motor acci- no thinking bladk ‘mani—
| dents and there were | not even those leaders who
weekend inter-varsity have opted for indepen-
_ugby matches. —_ | dence, would like-to see it
‘controver- perpetuated for another
sial speakers — the leader lay”
of the Conservative Party,

cso: 4700/1235

132



On thé flooding ‘of thie’ market with similar products, a spokesman of Teatile
inanufacturers Association said “we are making the products which can sell and
which the wananchi want". ; ,

‘Saying that linens, “drills and khangas are “our bread and butter”, the
spokesman noted that the local textile products are as good as the imported ones
from Europe and India where the industry has reached maturity:

’A garment manufacturcr felt that a proper capacity and capability assessment
should be made and the textile units classified accordingly. And in order to
protect the smaller fic product range should be allocated to them and

large units producing the same should be subjected ‘to extra levies.

He added that materials of mass consumption and usage by the wananchi must
be produced by the larger mills on quota basis and at fixed prices thus providing
people with products within their purchasing power.

_ Speaking on the ban of imported textile products imposed by the
government in 1978, the garment manufacturer said “the ban would
hhave been a blessing for the industry if used in the right manner —
instead the industry used it to dictate higher prices without improving
quality and adding appropriate machinery.

“This in turn has created a whole consumer population who were
dissatified and disappointed and consequently encouraged pirate im-
ports of textile products”, he said.

An official of the Kenya Association of Manufacturers (K.A.M.) said

. “that the ban has been successful to extent but noted “it has been a
general knowledge that since the ban/ imported fabrics and garments
have found way in the country either legally or illegally.”

‘Saying that K.A.M. would favour protection of the industry through
for example high tariffs ‘rather than the ban, the official said that

‘policing of the imported textile products had been very difficult as they
were being smuggled into the country by containers.

Cut-throat competition from imported fabrics and garments has been
the most debated problem facing the textile industry. To many consum-
ers imported textile products should be allowed to compete alongside
local products so that the local manufacturers could enhance the
standards of production.

‘The local manufacturers say that they have eniormous costs to recover
involved in setting up factories, whereas their counterparts abroad paid
for theirs a long time ago. Thus is would be “suicide to throw us in the
same field with manufacturers for instance from Europe”.

Admitting that there is a strong bias by the Kenyan consumers on the
imported textile products, the K.A.M.'s official said “it is important to be
remembered by our consumers that they are expected to support their
local industry in order to ensure expanding job opportunities.”

Other probiems besetting the industry are: stiff competition amongst
manufacturers, lack of skilled manpower and inability to export.

Suggesting solutions to these problems, the official said that strict
control on the
local prod

the imported products would inerease domestic share of the

On the inability to export, he suggested that the government should
step up subsidy measures. Also it should remove or lower duties on for
instance imported raw materials and spares in order to improve import
potenti 2

He underscored the need for specialisation within the industry with a
view to ending cut-throat competition, noting that this stage will be,
attained quickly if manufacturers agreed to co-operate.

While it is the responsibility of the industry to build public confidence,
there is no way the industry is going to take off with many imported
products. What is needed is selected items which cannot be made locally.

Imported shirts, suits, trousers, dresses, etcetera should not be found
on the shelves of the leading shops in the towns whereas the same are
being made in fact to the international standards by the local manufac-
turers, ’

Excuse by the traders “we are clearing old stocks” should not be
entertained. Clearing old stock since 1978!

CsO: 4700/1241

43



NATIONAL PARTY SPLIT INCREASES STRAIN ON NGK

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 2 May 82 p 16

[Article by Bennie Van Delft]

[text]

MTHE political division within Afrikanerdom Is causing
Increasing strain In the ranks of the Nederdultse Gerefor-

meerde Kerk.
| Althor

[evidence of
{There is also mounting
pressure from the verligte
churchmen for political
forms which would include
‘the scrapping of the Mi
j Marriages Act
{¢ And, fo add fuel to the fire,
\Dr Alan Boesak, theologian
fof the coloured Nederduitse
iGeref ie Sendingkerk
1] ask the World Alliance o|
‘ es to de-
pounce apartheid as “un-
scriptural” and heresy.
;. Dr Boesak’s move may.
jell lead to the expulsion of
the NGK fromthe World

Alliance.

;. Dr Kobus Potgieter, acting
moderator of the General
{ Synod, who will present the
'NGK’s view on apartheid to
ithe World Alliance in Canada
‘in August, said it would be
jsad if the NGK were

‘expelled.

'~*But it will not be the end«
fot the world for-us.
“Charity: starts at home,
Nand we still have a lot of
£ work-and responsibilities, in
our own country,” he said.

|) Dr Pe ‘and his co-
delegate, Dr Pierre Rossouw,
i will back to the gener-
', al synod in October. i

si

72

a split in the church between supporters of Dr Andries
{‘Treurnicht’s Conservative Party and Mr
{Party is regarded as unlikely at this stage, there is growing
itter in-fighting. .

‘Although ‘the decisions

‘World Alliance are. not bind-
on the NGK’s general
synod, Dr Potgieter will find

} hi if in an unenviable po-
sition in Ottawa. we

Tf he defends apartheid on
* seriptural grounds, as the NG
\ Kerk has been doing in the ;
past, he will antagonise the ;
H Rberal elements.

|" And a rejection of apart-_

| heid will undoubtedly cause a

| furore among verkramptes.

“Tt will be‘up to the synod

| to decide on the issue.

* “There might be people
who disagree and decide
yesign, but that happens in
‘any organisation,” he said.

rihe ‘Rev ‘Tappies Moller,

gee de eee

1 3} e » ad-
mitted there were sharp dif

"ferences on the issue.

\ “There are a group of min-

{isters who feel like Dr Boe-
+ sak, but I don’t believe they
. are in the majority,” he said.

W Botha’s National

SOUTH AFRICA



One of the greatest connective factors in southern Africa is that of physical
infrastructure; this is because, in comparison with Africa, physical infra-
structure in South Africa is very advanced. Just in the field of transporta-
tion one half of all freight in Africa is actually being transported in South
Africa and the same applies to the railroads.

Without fear of contradiction it can be said that all countries in southern
Africa, both national and independent states, are entirely dependent on South
Africa for their transportation system. The intra-regional trade can be
estimated at 20 percent of the total trade. However, the entire marketing sys-
tem is integrated in southern Africa and most of these countries are using
South Africa not only as a transit area but also as an outlet region.

In this respect the interdependency of all the countries in southern Africa
is clearly illustrated, because there is actually no country here which has a
sufficiently large market to be able to produce competitively at all.

South Africa would therefore be confronted with serious marketing problems
if these markets were to be replaced with overseas markets, because then a
market with nearly 65 million people would -be reduced to about 20 million.

Cost implications would become terribly high especially among the greater in-
dustries. For example, according to general standards, a car manufacturer
would have to produce about 150,000 units per year in order to be able to
produce at an optimum cost. At the present time 300,000 of these units are
being sold in South Africa by all the manufacturers.

A large measure of integration already exists also in many other elements
of infrastructural services such as water and electricity supplies, air
transportation and tourism.

A large measure of collaboration is also necessary in the area of social in-
frastructure, such as collaboration in the medical field, because problems like
these are being experienced in the entire region and these will have to be
confronted jointly as illustrated by the recent outbreak of cholera and bubonic
plague.

South Africa has already provided special help in this area for many years and
in this respect the private sector is also providing a special input. The
work done at Onderstepoort is recognized all over the world and all of Africa
is utilizing these services. The cutting up of South Africa into separate
geographic units also presents a threat for the developed regions as well,
because controlling a plague becomes all the more difficult if it is not treat-
ed regionally.

Governmental Finances
At this stage all of the national states are still mostly dependent on
financial help for meeting their obligations. If the same living standards

are to be maintained this situation is something which is due to last for a
long time and even the independent countries will have to knock on the doors

82



Some people also feel that by giving information to the police they will
become involved in protracted prosecutions and might also risk revenge from
criminals,

Both these attitudes are wrong and do not take into account the fact that as
responsible citizens wananchi are not fulfilling their duty if they allow
crime to be committed with their knowledge--crime which could have been
prevented if the authorities were aware there were suspicious characters
within a particular community.

By informing law enforcement officers that a particular person is a suspi-
cious character because of available facts, people are fully protected as
long as they do so without malice,

The police do not have to identify the source of their information. What
the good citizen will have done is to give the authorities a chance of
keeping a watch on people who are contemplating crime, The end result will
be a more peaceful community for the benefit of all,

Care must be taken not to feed the police with wrong information in an

effort to settle old scores, One should realise that giving false information
to the police is in itself an offence, So is harbouring a criminal with prior
knowledge that a crime has been committed,

We all have a responsibility to assist the authorities in bringing those
responsible for such senseless acts before the courts of law where they will
receive just retribution,

cso: 2700/1241

37



Ideal

The achievement of independence on the part of national states is an extremely
important component of the creation of a confederation, because for the confed-
eration to succeed it is necessary for the particpating nations to have equal

status.

The ideal thing is to have blacks living outside their national states be repre-
sented in the confederation by their own states. But the problem is that there
are states which have given notice that they do not want to become independent.

There are various measures which can be taken for formalizing collaboration and
participation in a confederation on the part of urban blacks;

The establishment of a city council for the confederation; this to have a per-
manent secretariat to make possible a continuous link and joint management of
certain functions. In this manner it will be possible to create an enduring
political order of things for the people;

Provisions can be made for the blacks to have a specific number of representa-
tives in their national states parliaments;

In their own cabinets the national states can create portfolios and have these
held by a minister who, among other things, would be taking care of the interests
of each national state's citizens living in South Africa;

Also, consideration could be given to the possibility of the national states
carrying out certain functions outside of their borders. By means of this they
could be permitted to undertake certain limited and defined functions and ser-
vices for their own citizens in South Africa without prejudicing the sovereign-
ty of the white parliaments

Dr Morrison said: "There is no truer reality than the fact that we simply have
to live together and that we will have black people in white South Africa for-
ever as permanent inhabitants with definite rights and privileges."

The problem concerning the urban blacks cannot be handled in a haphazard manner.
Definite formulas will have to be pondered over in order to arrive at practical
solutions.

7964
cso: 4701/50

123



cso:

4700/1237

compassing whites, ‘In-
dians and coloured
people will be wide-
spread.

Mixing at _ private
schools received an en-
couraging 44 percent
vote in favour while
mixing at government
schools got the thumbs
down with 53 percent
of the respondents
against the idea.

Lower-class English
speakers opposed inte-
gration. at government
schools as did their
Afrikaner counterparts,
linking the. two groups
én common intent.

Young Afrikaners
also proved to be more
open than their. elders
to the concept of inte-
grated schools — al-
thongh by a marginal
10 percent. Both
groups rejected the
idea on the whole.

A potential class and
culture clash at. govern-
ment. school level Was
Seen to be more likely

107

than at private school
level where class “and
affluence would bind
the different race
groups together. ,,;

On a religious and
consumer jssue — Sun;
day shopping — the
Afrikaans-speaking — re-
spondents were conser+
vatively and strongly
‘against the idea where-
as English-speakers
favoured thé opportu;
nity to use their free
time to buy goods,
‘even on Sundays. 4

In an overview of
the survey it seems

that three distinct
, groups can be identi-
‘fied — upper-class

English: speakers Who
‘are. politically liberal;
lower-class English and
upper-class Afrikanéts,
both politically “di-
ivided; and lower-class
\ Afrikaners. who ‘are
| conservative. re
» Roughly. this ‘corre
sponds to the social’
bases of South Africa's
‘political party grou
Pings, the PFP,

‘and CP/HNP.



SOUTH AFRICA

CATHOLIC BISHOPS" REPORT ACCUSES SA FORCES OF COMMITTING ATROCITIES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 8

[Article by Keith Abendroth]

[text]

iF ‘THE Roman Catho-
lic Church in South-.
ern Africa yesterday
,,set off a bombshell
:on the South West
African issue — re-
‘leasing its up te now

Port containing in-
ternational political
dynamite.

‘A special Press con-
ference of the Southern
African Roman Catho-
lic Bishops Conference,
presided over by confer-
ence president -Arch-
bishop Denis Hurley of
Durban, made known
details of the special in-
depth study.

The ‘report was’ re-
leased after a visit to
:South West Africa by a
team of Roman Catho-
lic clerics. Copies of it
are now in the hands of
the Western contact
‘group powers.

‘Archbishop Hurleé
outlined many alleg?
tions of brutality Ze
South African as Rj,
as Swapo forces oe
People of Sout
Africa, and said?

where Swapo | was

known as the “amathi”

or “beloved ones”.
‘Allegations of atroci-

‘ties, he‘said, had borne

the ring of truth.
The incredible thing,
he said, was that the
pictures of South West
Africa presented on the
‘one side by the SA Gov-
ernment and on the
other by the churches
and people of South
West Africa were “so
different that they
scarcely seem to refer
to the same issue”.
The texts of two let-
ters to the church from
the Prime Minister, Mr
P W Botha, setting out
South Africa’s role in

-the territory, were re-

leased at the same time.
The report makes al-

-legations of ‘atrocities

and brutality com-
mitted -by the South
African forces - —

dubbed in the territory

omakakunya”, or
“bloodsuckers” or
“bone pickers”.

It says the South
‘West African people are
eager for peace at any
cost and have no real
apparent objections to
a.Swapo takeover.
~ The South African
Prime Minister, Mr P W
Botha, proclaimed the
right to self-determina-
tion of the people of

South: West Africa
“without interference
from outside and free
from intimidation from
whatever quarter”.

“South Africa, in the
eyes of the Prime Minis-
ter, is an_ unselfish
benefactor of the Nabi-
an people and its great
protecter against viol-
ent domination by Swa-
po which, by implica-
tion, he sees as Marxist
as the forces that have
taken over in Angola
and Mozambique,” said
. Archbishop Hurley.

But in the eyes of the
church and in South
West Africa, “South
Africa is the blamewor-
thy party”.

The picture painted
was. that South Africa
had all along had been
the main cause of the
conflict by refusing
first to give up its con-
trol of the country
when the United Na-
tions terminated its
mandate, second by
maintaing its armed
forces in the country
and by trying to impose
a political pattern on
Namibia based on
apartheid and ensuring
its subordination to
South African interests
and third by withdraw-
ing from the Geneva ne-
gotiations of January
last year.

116

Archbishop _ Hurley
said the delegation
found ‘that though

South © Africa had

\ agreed to the present

round of negotiations

and accepted Phase
One, Black South West
Africans strongly be-
lieved the Republic was
“not serious” about any
settlement that would
allow Swapo to gain an
electoral victory.

In South West Africa
the general feeling —
“universal consensus”
— was that the Repub-

» lic had no right to be

there in any case.
“Clearly most South
West Africans have one
overriding desire and
this is the withdrawal
of South African secur-
ity forces and the hold-
ing ‘of elections under
United Nations aus-

Pices. :
“They are quite pre-

.. pared to live with what-

ever Government
emerges from these
elections, be it Swapo
or any other party or
combination of parties.

“There is a widely
held opinion there that
Swapo is first and fore-
most .a national liber-
ation. movement and
that its Marxist asso-

| ciations are due to the

-support it has received
‘from __Eastérn’“: Biot”
countries,” said Arch-
‘bishop Hurley.



SOUTH AFRICA

FIRST FOREIGN DEVELOPMENT LOAN FOR BLACK AREA SPURS HOPES
Capetown DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 27 Apr 82 p 14
[Editorial: "Development Help for Soweto"]

[Text] The announcement by Minister of Finance Owen Horwood that a 160 million
rand loan by international banks has been granted to the black municipality of
Soweto, for the development of public works, must be regarded as a breakthrough.
This is the first time that such a loan (supported by the government) has been
obtained abroad.

Radical right wing whites are certain to come up again with the accusation that
the Nationalist government keeps on doing too much for the blacks with the im-
plication that the interests of the whites are being neglected. But in this
instance they will fail to be on target if they do come up with such an accusa-
tion.

In the first place the loan has been contracted for by the municipality of great-
er Soweto itself and the government stands merely as a co-debtor, meaning that
it guarantees the repayment of the loan. Secondly, the loan will be amortized
by the municipality itself. Therefore, this is not a favor or gift on the part
of the government to the people of Soweto.

What is very encouraging is that, according to Mr Horwood's statement upon his
return, international banks have actually agreed to lend money to South Africa.
This shows not only that South Africa's credit standing in the world is high,
but also that there are abroad organizations which are eager to help with the
development of areas such as Soweto.

In view of the government's comprehensive decentralization program, which in-
cludes the development of remote black areas, we are hoping that the same inter-
national banks will also be willing to help there, because financing that will
be posing demands which South Africa will not be able to meet on its own.

7964
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121



SOUTH AFRICA

TOP CATHOLIC OFFICIAL SERVED WITH SECOND BANNING ORDER

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 7

[Excerpt]
THE secretary-gener- .
al of the Southern Panik pias or
Africari __ Catholie yer.
’ Conference, ‘The terms of the new
Father Smangaliso order were the same as
Mkhatshwa, was yes- those of the old one, the
terday served with a statement said.
banning order shortly The statement said:
before the expiry of “Father Mkhatshwa is
an existing order. __ once again restricted to
The re-imposition of the Pretoria magiste-
“the ban on Father Mk-' rial district, which in-
hatshwa, the top offic- ,Gludes Soshanguve,
ial of the Catholic jwhere his St Charles
Church in Southern ‘Lwanga parish is situ-
Africa, came as the re- ated, He is
gion’s bishops prepared prohibited [words
visiting the Pope this missing]
werk e ‘im Belgium, played a
Father Mkhatshwa’s tremendous role in
first five-year banning propagating the Chris-
order Acted tian faith,” the state-
order was served on bannin;
him at the Pretoria of- pee raee
fices of the SACBC yes- continuing as
‘terday morning, accord- of the inter-territorial
ing to «@ statement ter-territo!
issued by the secrete- meting of the bishops
riate of the conference. bisa. — Sapa.

cs0: 4700/1173

145



NO KAOLIN DECISION--No decisions had been taken on the proposed mining of
kaolin in Noordhoek, Mr Chris Heunis, Minister of Internal Affairs, said
yesterday. Replying to a question by Mr Ken Andrew/(PFP Gardens), Mr Heunis
said a decision would be taken as soon as all the necessary consultations
had been concluded, A meeting with the parties concerned had been arranged
for ey 17, he said. [text] (Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82
ps

DURBAN LINE DAMAGED--Durban--The min rail line between Durban and Pieter-
maritzburg was closed early yesterday when 12 trucks and the guard's van

of a goods train were derailed. A Railways spokesman said no-one was
injured, but two passenger trains, including the Trans-Natal from Johannes~
burg would be slightly delayed, Hundreds of passengers on the suburban
service would be transferred in a 32=bus shuttle service. The spokesman
said the derailment happened at 1,25 am yesterday in a narrow cutting between
Shongweni and Dassenhoeck, and a length of track and overhead equipment were
extensively damaged. It was in an area difficult to get at. The cause was
not yet known, although "outside interference" had been ruled out. Breakdown
teams from the Pietermaritzburg and Durban areas were expected to take all
day to clear the line.--Sapa (rext] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

1 May 82 p 10]

TRANSKEL PM'S SON KILLED--Umtata--Mr Loyiso Mantanzima, son of the Transkei
Prime Minister Chief George Matanzima, was killed in a car accident in Umtata
yesterday. Mr Matanzima, a Transkei University student, was certified dead
on arrival at the General Hospital shortly after his car left the road about
5 am and crashed into trees near the hospital. He was thrown out of the car
as it hit the trees at high speed, He was alone in the car, driving into
Umtata from his home, A doctor was called to the Prime Minister's residence
to administer sedatives. The Transkei National Assembly held only a very
brief session posters as all Ministers went to the Prime Minister's resi-
dence.--Sapa [Text] Tchannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 7]

STRIKERS FIRED--A total number of 2 800 Blacks and Coloured workers at Anglo
American's Scaw Metals plant in Germiston were fired yesterday after ignoring
a deadline stipulating that they should return to work by 3 pm on Thursday.
The workers went on strike to demand a 10 cents-an-hour wage increase.
Workers who re-applied for their jobs yesterday morning would be re-employed
by Scaw, a spokesman said. Over 5 000 workers in the East Rand metal
industries have gone on strike, This includes the strikers at Scaw Metal

as well as workers at two other metal companies. At Defy Industries, Benoni,
460 workers returned to work yesterday after striking for a wage increase

and at Metal and Chemical Industries Heriotdale, 200 workers dismissed them-
selves after striking for the same reason, Intensive discussions were entered
into between Scaw Metals and the Metal and Allied Workers’ Union in connection
with the dismissals at Scaw. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

1 May 82 p 3]

149



JPRS 80952

1 June 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2631

CONTENTS
CHAD

Ministry Denies Discriminatory Distribution of Medicine

(INFO CHAD, 15 Mar 82) ......e000 beeeeeeees . 1
Briefs
Minister Tours South 2
COMORO ISLANDS
Briefs
France Should 'Perform Its Duty’ 3
GUINEA
CNIG Celebrates Thirty-Sixth Anniversary of Its Founding
(Robert T. Millimono; HOROYA, 28 Mar-3 Apr 82) ......++. 4
~ Briefs
Cuban Film Week 6
GUINEA-BISSAU
Briefs
Military Uniforms 7
IVORY COAST
Youth Organization Taken Over by Party
(Amos Diby; FRATERNITE-MATIN, 2 Apr 82) ....... oe 8
Briefs
Rubber Production 11
Grand Bereby Project il
Beef Consumption 11
- an {III - NE & A - 120]



cso:

sible action to try to have the
offensive legislation ‘removed
from the statute book.”

, you are going out of your way
to u our school and your
teachers by these offensive re-
marks or else you are in deep
est ignorance of level
ments in our medical ‘feta
the last two years — and over
previous years as well,” he

says before going on to list

some of them.

‘The Dean points out that, as
well as going out of its way to
try and have the 1959 legisla-
tion rescinded, the faculty has

taken “every conceivable step”,
to allow access to more black

students.

“Thus, by amassing statis- |

tics and other arguments, we
managed to persuade the Min-
ister for the first time ever to
grant permission to some 17
African students to ster for
the first year of m
Wits. -

4700/1235

ine at’

“The total intake of black
students into the medical

course in 1981, irrespective of
the year of study: into which
they were admitted, comprised
no fewer-than 20% of the grand
total taken in last year.”

Prof Tobias goes on to list
more examples of the faculty's
attempts to combat apartheid
medical education, including:
@ The national ‘and interna-
tional lead it took in the Biko
affair. “The views of the facul-
ty were widely anni tes
in nearly a dozen of the world’s
leading international medical
and scientific journals. (It) act-
ed as a rallying point for opin-
jon and spearheaded two fur-
ther developments: the
‘establishment of a professional
and ethical standards commit-
tee at Wits and the establish-
ment of a contact group be-
tween, Johannesburg, Cape
Town and: Durban medical
academics to take the struggle
further.”

@A campaign — so far un-
successful — to: allow a
banned doctor, Dr. M Ram-
phela, to study at’ Wits, as

139

well as a campaign to protest
at the detentions of Wits stu-
dents and doctors.

,@ A one-year “catch up” period
of pace for disadvantaged
black students to give them a

» chance to make up a large part
of the’ educational deficit with
which they entered the
university;

@ Representations aimed at
having the Johannesburg Hos-
pital opened to students and
patients of all races, which
gathered the support of the
‘ospital’s Medical Advisory
Committee.
@ Representations which suc-
ceeded in the opening of the
Hillbrow Hospital.
@ “Negotiations and over-
tures” about the “parlous”
state of affairs at Baragwan-
ath Hospital, which succeeded
in getting a Medical Advisory
Committee established and a
research laboratory set up.
“The above list is not by any
| means exhaustive,” said Prof
Tobias, but I am sure you will
agree that we have hean doing
as much as is humanly’ possible
and as the prevailing political
dispensation allows.”



TUTU COMMENTS ON PRESIDENE'S COUNCIL, BOTHA-KAUNDA TALKS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 6 May 82 p 22

[Article by Desmond Tutu]

[text]

Now: I:must ‘be ‘careful
about ‘what I say and
how I say: if. I-think I
jrave weighed: the  fol-
lowing words -carefully.
I believe the Prime
Minister,. Mr .P W Bo-
tha is a..remarkable,
indeed an, .amazing,
man. 5 :
Why.I need to be
careful. is «that. just. at
this point in his career
he wants: to. carry an
enthusiastic and syco-
phantic, Bishop Tutu
praising him as much
as -he needs.a hole in
the head. Be that as it
may, I have to repeat
that he is a remarkable
man. What isthe. cause
of my newly ‘found. ef-
\fervescence? There are.
t least. three events
which. must make us sit
‘up and take notice.
Until. fairly . recently,

* it was conventional wis-

dom. that the .constitu-
fional future . of . this
country would be de-
cided only by whites.
‘This. view was as: part
of ,the. South. African
way of life as are bil-
tong and. braaivleis.
Then out of the blue
Mr P W Botha came
up with the idea of the
President's Council.
This was not just any
old idea. It was: thor-
‘oughly revolutionary in
‘white. circles, especially

100

among the’ Afrikaners.
For some it verged on
a .heresy and there
were rumblings of re-
\olt in the establish-
‘ment. He was able to
“contain any fissiparous
tendencies. at that
point. .
A year or so after
‘the shattering ‘innova-
tion of the President's
* Council: we were served
with the heady diet of
the -quaintly «styled
S“healthy power
Ugharing.” Mr’ PW Bo-
tha, who had previous-
jy been humiliated by
Dr Treurnicht over the
“piffling matter of
‘whether schoolboys
could splay rugby
together and. had con-
sequently to back down
publicly, was ready to
stand upto this form1-
‘@able adversary. on
such an explosive issue
‘as political pOower-
sharing with people of
other races in our be-
Joved land. And he was
“ready to accept the
traumatic consequence
of a further split in Af
_tikanerdom itself, spell-
ing the beginning of
the. end’ of their hege-

mony.

Mr .P W Botha was
yeady to do the previ-
ously unthinkable —
she was. Teady to 0

SOUTH AFRICA



SENEGAL

OPEC OFFICIAL TALKS WITH PREMIER ABOUT CLOSER TIES
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 24 Mar 82 p 24

[Interview with Mame Nguema, secretary general of OPEC, by Amadou Fall; date
and place not specified]

[Excerpt] The tour undertaken by OPEC's new secretary
general, Mr Mame Nguema, to establish contacts has brought
him to Senegal, where he has been a guest for several days.

During his stay in our capital, Mr Nguema had the opportu-
nity to meet with Prime Minister Habib Thiam and several
of our country's other leaders, with whom he discussed
possibilities for consolidating existing relations between
OPEC and Senegal. The exchanges of ideas also involved
inter-African cooperation in energy matters.

A native of Gabon, Mr Nguema ran the Elf Gabon corporation
for a long time before being promoted to the post which
he currently holds within the administrative structure of
OPEC.

The interview he granted us dealt basically with OPEC's
position in view of the new situation dominating the in-
ternational market, and in particular its repercussions on
African economies. The state of mind prevailing within
OPEC was also mentioned.

[Question] Mr Secretary General, you have been Senegal's guest for several
days now. May we know the exact purpose of your stay in our country?

[Answer] Senegal is a country which I hardly know. However, as secretary
general of OPEC, and also as an African, I cannot be unaware of what Africa is.

Africa is diverse. Besides the petroleum-producing countries, there are a
much larger number of countries which are just consumers. Both have specific

development problems, in large part related to the energy question.

The European and American countries in particular had the chance to launch
their development at a time when energy was not expensive. Today other

60



STRIKE RATE DROPPED IN 1981, SAYS FKE REPORT

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 17 Apr 82 p 8

[Article by Kul Bhushan]

[text]

cso:

KENYA had 74’strikes as a result
of which 40,250 man-days were lost
in 1981, according to the annual
“report of the Federation of Kenya
yEmployers released in Nairobi
jyesterday.
4: Fhe number of strikes was lower but the
mimber of man-days lost was higher com-
red t0°1980; when’ about 32,500 man-days
sYE“lost. The: total ber “of disputes
reported to the Minister for Labour in 1981
increased from 819 in 1980 to 927 in 1981.
Outof these, 438 were related to termination
and or dismissal cases of employees.
‘Although there were less strikes in 1981
atid.the number of employees participating
in the strikes decreased from 18,980 to
18;117 last year, the duration of these strikes
was Yonger, resulting in an increase in man-
days lost by almost 24 per cent.
ja, The maint ing sector had the:highest
ae or 240. the’number
‘strikes in the agricultural sector decreased

from 43 to 18, it i
of mandave ite reoorded the highest number

4700/1241

46

As in the previous years, most of the
strikes. were called out by shopstewards
partly as a result of industrial incidents
within work premises and partly as a result of
rivalries created by the national trade union
elections; the re said.

‘The Industrial Court had a total of 64 cases
in 1981 compared to 68 cases in 1980. This

represents almost seven per cent
of the 927 cases reported to the
Minister for Labour.
1 "Of these, 19 cases involved’
terms of service, 28 cases or 43
per cent termination/dismissal
-eases, two redundancy cases,
eight recognitions and seven
miscellaneous cases.

‘The court heard a total of 60
cases of which one involved a
case registered in 1978 two in
1979, 15 in, 1980 and 42 cases
Lregistered in 1981. In addition,
the court announced awards in
55 cases.

‘The FKE represented em-
i ployers in over 82 per cent of the
‘trade disputes which came be-
fore the court in 1981.

KENYA


SOUTH AFRICA

ANC ORGANIZATION, AIMS UNDER SCRUTINY
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 2 May 82 p 28

[Article by Bruce London: "Know Thine Adversary"]

[text]

0. SECURI-
TY chiefs
i: they are “the
enemy” — the real
‘reason for the call-
cup.

For years in Parlia-
‘ment they were virtu-
ally the unmentionable:

Now, suddenly, it is de
‘ rigueur to do so, and
in recent months more
‘and more MPs have
“spoken of them, clearly

regarding them as be-

ing of increasing im-

portance in our

national life.

Even a senior National
;Party newspaper editor

has deci: in print that
~one day they may be

white South Africa’s prin
‘cipal interlocu-

tors at a round-

table confer-
sence over the
‘country’s

‘future. .
‘—ephey” “are
the ca of

the African
National -Con-
gress (ANC),
supporters of
‘an organisa-
‘tion which,

‘though officially pro-
‘scribed for years, is un-.
doubtedly a major factor
sin calculations concern-
Hing the country’s future.

Members of an organi-
isation which, banned
;though it remains, is one
»of the vehicles for the “as-
sault” against South
‘Africa — and which there-
fore is central to such is-
sues as the call-up and
plans for reform.

i T.. was made clear

ton SATV only a fortnight
' ago by Generals Constand
{Viljoen and Ian Gleeson,
{two of the security bosses
vin the frontline of the
|counter-insurgency war.

But while the two gen-
lerals spoke knowledgably
‘about the supposed anti-
‘South African _campai:
and the ANC, perhaps tl
{most startling aspect of
ithe situation now prevail-
ling is that even after all
the official alarms’ have’
‘been sounded, and even
lafter the call-up has been

innounced, so little is
jteally known about the
ANC.

‘i The average white
(South African is generally
(blissfully unaware about
[the aims and objectives of
jthe organisation. He
ikiows little of its in-

95

fentions | Of just what sort -
101 eat is posed by the
¥ANC and its communist
Lallies in the also-outlawed
\South African Communist
'Party (SACP) and in the
‘Kremlin.
; And the ignorance ex-
itends even further: there
are many in influential
positions in our society to-
day who are equally poor-
ly informed.
|. Their ignorance is,
however, understandable,
for thus far, at least, it has
‘been official policy to
\simply suppress the ANC,
irather than to seek to.de-
lfeat it in other ways, to
ban and believe that in
ithis way the evil will be
crushed.

That concept may, how-
ever, be about to change.
For. increasingly among
(those in Pretoria whose
‘task it is to maintain secu-
ity, the belief is growing
that it is only by knowing
the ANC and its objec-
‘tives that the campaign
‘against South Africa will
jbe turned back. Increas-
ingly, that old dictum
habout “knowing your en-
femy” if you are going to
defeat him is being
| brought into play.

: 5,
T... is nothing sur-

{prising inthis: It is, for
fexample, basic to Israel’s



CSO:

government were ‘corrected once and
for all”. .

But the allied workers union’s
paradox got worse when the reply the
union was eagerly awaiting from the
, Ministry of labour was not forthcoming.
‘Instead, the ministry of labour
sanctioned the arbitration of the dispute
between the union and the bank by the
industrial court. But early this month,
Muhanji asked Cotu for assistance over
‘his crusade and also for a settlement of
the dispute outside the industrial court.
Both his requests were granted, but there
followed a nightmarish week during
which the union and Cotu claimed that
“the management of the Bank of Baroda
was unwilling to sit at the negotiating
table. Cotu insiders told The Weekly
Review that the situation remained
‘gloomy when by Wednesday last week,
there were no Protnises of a settlement
over the issue.

When the employees of the Bank of
Baroda and its branches finally went on
strike on Thursday last week, there was

ssympathy from five other banks and
=Cotu, the allied workers union, the
federation of employers and the Kenya
Bankers (Employers) Association
commenced a bout .of delicate
negotiations. Before the irftervention of
Mbathi doubts about the settlement of
the issue were rife and a few unionists
were already accusing the bankers

4700/1239

20

assoviation of “indifference” to what the
union sought which was principally the
adoption of the ministerial committee
recommendations. In calling off the
imminent strike which could have more
likely involved all the 8,000 bank
workers, Mbathi also acknowled, ged the
grounds of acrimony between the aied
workers union and. the party of
employers. “Naturally: we had our
disagreements”, Mbathi said of ‘his
meeting with.Cotu and the federation of
employers.

© Although the © industrial _ dispute
seémed to have been tidying up fast with
the intervention of Mbathi, it was in a
way clouded by the fact that by
Wednesday, Muhanji had not formally
-withdrawn the strike notice which as a
‘result remains, effective. But there are
‘doubts within the Cotu hierarchy as to
whether the non-revocation of that
‘strike threat may disentangle matters as
they are now. The bank was said to have
'been preparing dues accruing to the six
employees dismissed last November.
:The employees will now be considered
vas suspended and will be paid half
‘salaries pending the outcome of their
irespective court cases. The allied
workers union headquarters, too, was
contending that’ all unionised
employees of the Bank’ of Baroda’s six
branches were back at work - this
Wednesday as instructed by Mbathi.



KENYA

MOI WARNS POTENTIAL DISSIDENTS OF POSSIBLE DETENTION

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 23 Apr 82 pp 7-9

[text]

THE threat-of detention is back in the
air, It was uttered last week by President |
Daniel arap Moi at Ngong~ while]
performing the official launching of
the national tree planting day. The

-president used the occasion to warn

members of parliament that he would
not hesitate to detain dissidents who
are opposed to the policies of the
ruling party. Though he had promised
in 1978 not to use political detention |
except as a last resort, the president’
said “maybe time has come to resort
to this move”. The main cause of)
Moi's ire was apparently the recent
‘spate of attacks by.backbench MPs
against “defenceless individuals under
parliamentary privilege”. He suggested
that Kanu and parliament should
consider enacting a law which would
curtail parliamentary privilege in order
to allow those “maliciously attacked”
in parliament to seek redress in court.
Backbenchers have of late been.
Critical of certain senior members of
the government, but during the past
fortnight the only person on note who
was not himself an MP. who. was the
object of criticism by backbenchers
was Mr. Simon Nyachae, permanent
secretary in the office of the president
in charge of cabinet affairs and
chairman of the National Cereals and
Produce Board. Nyachae recently came
‘under attack from’ Dr. Chibule wa
Tsuma for allegedly ordering the Kilifi-
based Kenya Cashewnuts Company
to sell cashewnuts to a particular

16

‘company at a time when Tsuma
claimed the cashewnuts factory did
not have enough raw nuts to keep in
production for more than three months.
Nyachae promptly refuted Tsuma’s
allegations through a strongly-worded
‘press statement ‘in which he also took
exception to Tsuma’s use of parlia-
mentary. privilege to attack him. Some
observers therefore thought that the
president's threat of the use of detention
to deal with parliamentary contributions
which attacked “defenceless individuals
under parliamentary privilege” may
have been triggered by Tsuma’s attack
‘on Nyachae.

There has, however, been a sénse
of .ingasiness on ‘the part of the
president and some senior govern-
ment ministers towards the tone of
debate from ‘the backbenches of
parliament of late. The Bank of Baroda
affair gave MPs an opportunity to
attack the attorney-general and the
minister for labour in a much more
aggressive manner than the public
have been ised to see in parliamentary
+debates since the general election in
-1979. Some backbench MPs appeared
to be raring to go at any other senior
;government official whose activities
invited scrutiny. Were it not for.the
warning by the president before his
‘recent visit to Japan that MPs must
not paint an image of Kenya which
suggested that the country was corrupt,
\parliamentary debates during the past
'few days would reportedly have been



the option of a fine). to
approach, inspect, pass
over, be in- the neigh-
bourhood. of or. enter

any “prohibited” place”:

for any purpose prejud-
icial to the. security
interests .of the Re-

public,. Apart from the ®

obvious places such as
military establishments
and. ‘dockyards, the
State Presilent is em-
powered to‘ declare any
place:or area to bea
“prohibited place.”.

“Theres are” ° me.
guidelines inthe. Bill as
to the ‘circumstances:

under which the State *

President may’ act.
Furthermore there is
nothing. ta: indicate
what.- constitutes
approach .to ‘or ‘what:
area .-falls “within”: the

neighbourhood — of ~ a.
“prohibited placé.” A
.. Such. conduct. is pun-*
ishable not only if it is.
prejudicial to the. -"
rity of the: Republic:
but also if it is prejudi-

cial to the interests ‘of.’
the ‘Republic. ' Needless”
to say, the. interests of”
the Republic are not de-:
fined. 7 ari

Section 4 of the Bill’
covers what may loose-
ly be described as the:
offence of espionage.-
The breadth of the -of--
fence is breathtaking.
It. provides, for exam-
ple, that a person com-
mits’ an offfence if he
has in his” possession*
any information which,

csO: 4700/1237

van?

. ‘include, the

he knows or’ should
know is related to @
prohibited place of.
anything in. 2. pr yhi-
bited place and pub-
lishes such information
“in any manner or for
any purpose which .is
or may be prejudicial

to the. security or
interests of the Repub-
Tie.” -~ ce wae gt

The penalty pre.
‘scribed is. a fine. not
“exceeding R10 000° or:
imprisonment “not | ex-
ceeding 10. years OF
both. Where, however,
the publication. . takes
placé’ for the purpose of
disclosure to a, foreign
state "or .to a_ hostile:
organisation,’ the pe-
nalty- is imprisonment
for up to 20 years with
“no option of a fine.

The State Preside:
has an unfettered dis-
cretion to. declare any:
foreign organisation to:
be hostile; this - could
United
‘Nations. A particularly
disturbing feature of,
this provision is that
an ‘offence is created
even “when publication
may be ‘(not necessar-
ily, fs) prejudicial to
any “interests «of the
-Republic. wun.

“The task: of the
“prosecution” is made
easier by the presump-
tion contained in Sec

“tion 10 to<the effect
that: in-any prosecution:

99

upon a charge of com-
mitting an act for a
purpose prejudicial to
the security or
interests of the Repub-
lic, it shall. be pre
sumed, unless the. con-
trary is proved, that:
the accused did. act
with a prejudicial pur-
pose if: itso appears
“‘from..the circum
stances: of the case or:
the conduct of the
accused.” -

The. security police
are given carte blanche
by. the provision mak-
ing it an offence to
disclose,.\publish or re-
tain information relat-
ing. toa security mat-
ter or the. prevention
or combating . of “ter-
rorism.. “Publication
must.be for a purpose.
prejudicial to the secu-
rity or-interests of the
Republic: 3

Security: matter is de-
fined. as..“any matter
which is dealt with by
the National Intelli-
gence Service or which
relates to the functions
of that service or to
the ‘relationship exist-
ing between: any. person
and that service.” i

This provision effec:
tively prevents any in-
vestigation “and, of
‘course, the publication.
of the methods and
activities of the NIS.

“The breadth and -un-
certainties of the Bill
are, regrettably not,

matched by the provi-
sion of any special de-
fences open to an
accused person: The
only safeguard is the
requirement that no
prosecution shall be in-
stituted. without ‘the
written. authority . of
the Attorney General.
One hopes that the
Attorney-General. would
not prosecute innocent
violations’ of the Act.
Nevertheless, while the
all-embracing  provi-
sions of the Act remaitt
in existence, they may
be utilised to prosecute
any violation, however
The tightening of the *
veil of secrecy does not
augur well for the cause
of open government. If.
South Africa is to. act
in a democratic way it
is essential that as far
as. possible its workings”
and, practices be open
to public scrutiny and
criticism. Unfortunately
the Bill runs counter to
developments in some
other countries where
there have been signifi-
cant: advances in the
Tight of access. to-offi-:
seal information.
* For South Africans,
the most worrying fea-
ture of the Bill is. that
a climate of secrecy:
‘creates not’ only fear
and uncertainty in the.
minds of the people,
but opportunities for
‘the abuse of power.



MINISTER BACKS RELAXATION OF ENTRY CONTROLS FOR ZAIRIAN BUSINESSMEN

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 4

[Excerpt]

THE Ministry of Commerce and Industry is in favour of a request made’ in

ZAMBIA

Lubumbashi that entry control regulations should be relaxed for gerivine
‘Zairean businessmen.

Minister Mr Remmy
*Chisupa said in an inter-
view at the weekend an
important point raised at
the Zambia Week in
‘Zaire was that border
formalities should not in-
convenience genuine
_businessmen.

: He said the point was worth
considering because
businessmen were likely to
‘search for alternative markets
“where controls were less rigid.

In terms of orders secured
and confirmed, the Zambia
"Week was a resounding suc-
,gess. Zambian firms insisted on
‘being paid in hard currency, he
said.

i “Judging by visitors at the
‘fair grounds, the show was suc-
cessful-and this can be con-

csO: 4700/943

156

firmed by the éxtension of the
duration of the fair from three
to five days by the Shaba pro-
vincial administration.””

The minister said a signifi-

‘cant aspect of the fair was that

it endorsed the Government’s
view that normal trade could
exist between neighbouring
countries without resorting. to
smuggling.

Mr. Chisupa stressed the im-
portance of building con-
fidence between importers and
exporters and said this was best
consolidated ‘through prompt
execution of orders.

He advised Zambian firms
which secured orders in Zaire
to quickly deliver the goods

‘and not to develop. the

“distressing” habit of keeping
customers waiting. .

“Business confidence was
the key to successful export
drive,’? he said. _



ALGERIA PLEDGES DIRECT PETROL SALES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 11

[text]

csO: 4700/1240

HARARE. — Algeria
chas pledged to sell pe-
trol direct to Zimbabwe

in a bid to ease its fuel’

‘problem§, the Charge
q@ Affaires, Mr Selim
Benkhelil, said in an in-
terview published in
\Harare yesterday.

“Algeria is ready to
‘sell direct to Zimbabwe,
even tomorrow.” Mr
Benkhelil said. :

His country would
also give Zimbabwe a
grant of about R1,8-mil-
lion to help with petrol
requirements. The
money was in lieu of 6
000 tons of petrol prom-
ised by Algeria to Zim-
babwe last year.

Fuel shipments could
fot be’ sent because of
transport problems
which meant that pe-
trol. had to __ pass
through South African
‘ports. “It is against my
country’s policy to sent
‘anything through
South Africa,” Mr

159

Benkhelil said.

The grant —_ had
already been sent and
he would soon hand it
over to the government.
would start)

babwe through Maputo’
as soon as port facili-
ties there had improved
and the Mutare-Beira

Delegations from the
two countries had
already exchanged visi-
ts in order to work out
suitable arrangements
for the purchase of fuel
from Algeria.

Zimbabwe’s current
annual petrol consump-
tion was more than 300
million litres.

Algeria would also
help other frontline
States with their fuel
problems “although we
are a small country, we
shall be able to give
Zimbabwe _ what it
wants,” Mr Benkhelil
stressed. — Sapa.

ZIMBABWE



CORRUPT OFFICIALS TO FACE MUSIC

KENYA

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 16 Apr 82 p 7

[Text]

THE: commissioner of co-operatives,
Mr. Alfrick Birgen, must have: been
i quite upset when it was reported in the
local press that President Daniel arap
Moi had said that corrupt co-operative
officials would not be prosecuted.
Many Kenyans, especially members of
co-dperative societies who feel unhappy
about the performance of some officials
in their societies, must also have felt
worried by the reports. Co-operative
sofficers and police officers who were
‘already lining up evidence against some
‘co-op officials must have felt that their
:work would all go to waste. The most
:Birgen could do was to ask his officers
to hold on until he had officially
clarified the matter. Therefore, the an-

‘nouncement by President Moi,

at the end of a five-day state visit
to Japan, that corrupt co-opera-
tive officials will: not be forgiven
irrespective of their - status in
society was greeted with great
relief, On April 5, the day after Moi
left for Japan the Standard. carried a
front page story saying that. corrupt
co-op officials would not be prosecut-
ed. Five days later when the president
came back he said they must re-pay the
monies they had squandered and that
he would be going backwards if he left
corrupt people go scott-free. .
President Moi said that previous
-press' reports had misquoted him, and
clarified that he had said that he would
‘only.,pardon executives at the Kenya
Plariters Co-operative Union (KPCU),
who had continued: to receive salaries
ithat had been paid ‘to.expatriates who
‘had managed the: organisation before
them. Moi said “they should have used
ssome logic over ‘their salaries. “They

csO: 4700/1239

28

“should “have cut them down because
they know they are not expatriates
themselves”, said the President.

During the five days President Moi
was away, the assistant minister in the
/office of the president, Mr. Davidson
| Kuguru charged that the commission-
ler was acting on behalf of Kuguru’s
| political opponents in Mathira, when
|he disbanded the giant Mathira Co-
‘operative Society management. to re-
place’ it with a commission. Kuguru
‘saw Birgen’s action as aimed at weed-
‘ing out Kuguru’s political’ supporters,
irather than a pure Clean-up of the
‘Mathira Co-op. Kuguru, who has a
)strong political base in the union,
;would feel highly threatened if some of
\ the officials should be taken to court.

The commissioner, however, told
' The Weekly Review that he has noth-
‘ing against Kuguru, and all he wanted
‘to do was to weed out corrupt officials
jin the co-op movement in order to
censure that farmers get’ their rightful
share of the co-operative monies.. “I,
‘however, have an option for such
officials. If-one opts to repay the
‘monies misused or taken from the
“upion they will be exempted from court
jaction,. If they do not, however, they
{will have to face the music”. With the

latest pronouncement from Moi, Bir-
igen is all set to go full steam-ahead.
‘There is only one snag in Birgen’s mag-
smanimity. The office of the attorney-
ygeneral might not agree to forgive

‘criminals, especially when there is
evidence. It ‘will be interesting to see
what turn events in the coming weeks
take. a



BLACK MINE WORKERS' UNION GIVEN ACCESS TO MINES

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 6 May 82 p 9

[Article by Tony Davis]

[Text]

cso:

‘The Black Mine
Workers’ Union has
become the first
black union with
faccess to mines in
the Chamber of
Mines group, to re-
‘cruit members. *
Access was. granted
this week after talks
between mining. offi-
eials and the -union’s
general secretary, Mr
Chillian Motha:

The union was able
to meet the Chamber's
strict criteria, which in-
clude registration. The
union is. not registered
ut assured the Cham-
ber it would seek regis-
,tration,

Mr Motha’ said -dif-
‘ferences . between the
Chamber and the union

were ‘still being “dis-_

cussed.

Mining sources feel
the access is an impor-
tant step. forward in
the Chamber’s labour
relations.

4700/1237

In the past only re-
gistered trade unions
with largely. white
membership have had
access and recognition.

.. The onus is now on
the Black Mine
Workers’ Union to gain
enough members to
win recognition.

The Chamber has not
previously been asked
by black unions for
access or . recognition,
although the Natal-
based Black Allied
Workers Union has
approached it over in-
dividual labour dis-
putes

A ticklish question
“for the mining union is
the extent to which its
organisers have -aocess.
This. is still at the
“discretion ‘of individual
mine managements

. The right to organise
workers.. in compound
‘hostels has. always been
carefully guarded’. by

109

SOUTH AFRICA

the Chamber and its
| members

+ Ina letter the union
‘has been told that gold
mines and _ collieries
‘have been advised to
grant the union access
when it is asked for.
The Chamber wants
‘to deal only with
‘unions which present
their credentials.
‘because there is noth-
‘ing to prevent unregis-
tered unions organising
_members _ outside_ mine
F property or trying” to
‘organise in the hostels.
The. Chamber’s
veriteria for union re-
cognition make it clear
ithat no . “unregiste-
frable” trade union
‘should be allowed ac-
cess to miners without
“being scrutinised by.
the Chamber in respect
‘of its views on labour,
(politics and registra-
{ tion.



SACC SEEKS MONEY FOR LEGAL FEES

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 2 May 82 p 5

[article by Wilmar Utting]

[text]

eee ee ee
THE trouble-ridden South
African sce at of
Churches has appeal
to church leaders
~ South Africa and OV over.
seas to raise R250 000
to pay the council’s le-
gal expenses in two
pending commissions
of inquiry.
Bishop Desmond Tutu, secre-
of the SACC,
sopedled for the money to
| pay for a ernment
| commission of t inguir
into the council -
fairs.

start hearing evidence in
|__ July at the earliest.

‘The other commission, for
which the SACC needs
30000, was appointed

| last eat by the council
itse a matter of

Mr HB WR Schreiner, sc,
was appointed chairman,
but the commission has

- not as yet held its first
hearing.

cso: 4700/1236

130

Confidential
The Church of the Province

Details of his chi
i fe sere cgi
1 sai ‘this apy
{Will not be ignored”,
e commissions of inquiry
were set up after a com-
mercial branch detective
claimed during a court

fraud and theft involy
more than R250 0
against a former acre

-general of the SACC,
Mrvenn
Neither Bi Tutu nor the

SACC. ident, Rev Pe-
ter Storey, could be
reached for comment

__ yesterday.

SOUTH AFRICA



INCREASE RECORDED IN 1981 CASH CROP PRICES
Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 15 Apr 82 p 8
[Article by Kul Bhushan]

[text]

EXCEPT for coffee, the prices for cash
crops paid to Kenyan farmers went up in
1981 as compared to 1980.

‘The average price for the calendar year
1981 for 100 kilos of coffee paid to Kenyan
growers was Shs. 2,580, lower than the Shs.
5,635 paid for the same quantity of coffee in
1980.

However, farmers were paid Shs. 1,591 for 100
kilos of tea in 1980 and this figure went up to Shs.
1,610 last year.

For one tonne of sugar cane, the farmers were
paid Shs. 133 from 1978 to 1980 and this was
increased last year to Shs. 145.

‘Similarly, maize prices were increased last year

and topped the Shs. 100.mark for the first time for

300 kilos In 1977 and 1978, 100 kilos of maize

fetched Shs. 89. This figure went down to Shs. 77 in

1979 and again went up in 1980 to Shs. 95 and Stis.

100 last year.

- A 100 kilos of rice brought around Shs. 150 for
the farmers between 1978 and 1980. This figure has
been going up marginally, from Shs. 136 in 1977 and
Shs. 145 in 1978 to Shs..151 in 1979, declining to
Shs. 150 in 1980. It again went up last year to Shs.
157.

cso: 4700/1241

52

For 100 kilos, of third grade
beef, the price tO the farmer has
doubled between 1976.and 1981.
In 1976, a farmer was paid Shs.
479, topped the 500 mark to Shs.
519 in 1977, rose up to Shs. 676
in 1978, and again shot up to
Shs. 689 in 1979, edged upwards
to Shs. 795 in i980 and finally

800 in 1981 to rest at Shs.

‘One ‘hundred litres of milk
brought Shs. 105 to dairy far-
mers in 1976. This amount was
raised to Shs. 132 for the years
1977 to 1979.

The next increase came in

1980, -when the retum to the
farmers from milk was fixed at
Shs. 146. Last year there was a
significant increase which re-
sulted in the milk prices going up
‘land the dairy farmers getting
She _185.
"Last year’s prices show -an
increase due to the recent
announcement made on Jamhuri
Day.

KENYA



SOUTH AFRICA

SURVEY SHOWS JOHANNESBURG WHITES ARE CONSERVATIVE

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 6 May 82 p 23

[text]

A recent survey conducted by The Star shows that
the Prime Minister’s proposals for a new constitu-
tion will not be popular with Johannesburg’s whites,

many of whom are extremely conservative. —

high degree of polit.

decal conservatism
‘among . Johannesburg
‘whites probably played
a key role in the failure
‘of the PFP to win
control ‘of the council
‘in the recent municipal
‘elections and bodes ill
for the Prime Minis-
ter’s proposed “new
yeonstitition” “referen-

jum.
ty “These are two of the
findings of a broad-
tbased survey conducted
l#rom January 21 to
‘March 5 1982, drawing
‘on a __ representative
fsample of 1607 people
iin Johannesburg, Rand-
‘burg, Sandton, Kemp-
;ton Park and Germis-
btn:

> ‘The survey was con-
Faucted’ by The- Star’s
research department
and the. social and poli-
tical questions were in-
:duded in a question-
naire aimed at assessing
shopping attitudes
among householders
mainly .responsible for
buying groceries. As a
result, 94 percent of the
respondents were
women and most - of
these were housewives.

Results based on
four political, two reli-
gious and two social
questions revealed:

@ Social class has
come to rival language
(English/Afrikaans) as
‘a determinant of polit-
ical attitidues. :

@ A large ‘pool of
conservatism among Jo-
channesburg women —
94 percent of the re-
spondents were women.

? @ A generation gap
fin attitudes between
'those over 50 and
“younger residents.

@A deep split

among lower-class Eng-
dish and — upper-class
Afrikaners on social
and political issues.
* The last. trend has
particular significance
‘because this group con-
stitutes the‘ National
Party’s support foun-
dations.

On the political side
respondents were
asked:

Should public trans-
port be integrated?

Should private
schools be integrated?

Should — government
schools be integrated?

106

Should so-called |

leoloured people be con-
\Sidered part of the
[white group?
| The integrated trans-
port issue elicited a
positive response from
English-speakers, an ex-
tremely negative (67
percent) response from
the Afrikaner section.
This was despite the
finding that a small
group of top ma-
“nagerial and profession-
al Afrikaners and those
under 35 were in
favour of integration.

Outright | Afrikaner

opposition to the accep-
tance of. . coloured
people as whites and
an overall 42 percent
vote against the con-
cept bodes ill for the
Prime Minister’s ‘pro-
‘posed referendum on
. the new constitution.

According to The
, Star survey, the lack of
"psychological identifica-
{ tion between white and
Seoloured — even in
| South Africa’s most cos-_
‘mopolitan and affluent
teity — could mean that
opposition to the pro-
posed constitution en-



SOUTH AFRICA

NP RESPONSE TO PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL PROPOSALS AWAITED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 6

[Editorial: "“Reaction"]

[text]

OPPOSITION ‘response to the President’s
© Council’s recommendations has been
| predictably mixed. -

But the National party itself is keeping
‘ “mum,. having been told to await the na-

tional caucus of‘ MPs and MPCs, when
the matter will be discussed.

The ruling party still has many conserva-
tives within it. Some may quit, depending
on the Government's decisions on the
proposals.

_ However, since the proposals clearly aim
at power sharing with Coloureds and In-
dians — from a mixed Cabinet and
legislature through to regional and local
authorities — Nationalists can be under
no illusion about the directions being
suggested.

The question

. ‘The Prime Minister willnodoubtimplement
some, if not all, of the proposals, but
which is the sixty-four-dollar question.

Dr Treurnicht, the leader of the Conserva-
tive Party, sees the proposals as the thin
edge of the wedge to total integration.

Other critics suggest that the process of
power sharing, once it has begun, cannot
exclude Blacks eventually.

The Government will have to give a clear
answer on these points.

It is a pity that the constitutional commit-
tee’s report was not complete, especially

\ on the nature of the legislature and the
safeguards that will be built into the sys-
tem.

70

That, and the fact that the release of the
reports was handled in such a muddled
fashion, has caused confusion when ab-
solute clarity was essential.

The Government will find it hard to re-
trieve lost ground because of this.

The Conservative Party has rejected the
reports and is making good capital out of
them.

r Treurnicht says, in effect: See, now you
know why we were driven out of the Na-

! tional Party; it was because we opposed

I any form of power sharing:

‘The CP rejects any form of mixed govern-
ment or integration at all levels of gov-
ernment, and for that reason the Presi-
dent’s Council’s proposals are totally
unacceptable, he says.

Just as predictably, the Herstigte Nasio-
nale Party’s leader, Mr Jaap Marais, re-
gards the proposals as a “departure
point to disaster.”

He uses the argument that similar sys-
tems elsewhere in Africa have “resulted

_ in-a continual weakening of the political

position of the Whites, eventually result-
ing in Black majority rule.”
Conservative propaganda will clearly re-
late the South African situation to the
downfall of the Whites in Rhodesia.
The New Republic Party, has mixed feel-
ings. Its leader, Mr Vause Raw, welcomes
the recommendations on local govern-
ment as an endorsement of the party’s
own policy, but has rejected an executive
President with unlimited powers.



KENYA

SEREGO REPORTED TO BE CALM

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 23 Apr 82 p 12

[text]

cso:

WHEN Councillor Michael arap Tenai
‘of Uasin Gishu County Council was
buried;on Saturday last week, the
police mounted tight security at his
Moi’s Bridge home ‘where politicians
and senior civil servants joined
hundreds of mourners. An assistant
‘minister for home affairs, Mr. Fred
Gumo, m mourning Tenai called for
peace among the residents of the area
and asked the people not to drag other
issues into the death -of the
councillor, who had been shot on
March 80 along Moi’s Bridge road and
later died at a Nairobi hospital.

In President Daniel arap Moi’s
message of condolences, which was
read on his behalf by the Rift Valley
‘provincial commissioner, Mr. Hezekiah
Oyugi, the president appealed for calm
and peace among the people in the
area and promised that investigations
are being carried out to bring the
murderers of the prominent councillor
and farmer to book. On Tuesday this
week, Oyugi again appealed for calm
‘when denying a front page Nation story

4700/1239

22

which said that several people had been
‘assaulted and their -, properties
“destroyed. In a story heavily supported
‘with, photographs showing the
‘destruction at. Segero market in Uasin
"Gishu District, the Nation reported
that about 80 families belonging to the
‘Kikuyu ethnic group had been attacked
“by bands of Nandi people. The area is
predominantly inhabited by the Nandi
although many Kikuyu have settled in
the area mainly as small businessmen
‘and farmers. The Nation reported that
the para-military general service unit
‘had been sent to the area to maintain
“peace. Oyugi, however, denied the
story and said people were working
peacefully in their farms. According to
Oyugi, the only incident in Serego
occurred when thugs burnt a govern-

‘ment house. In his denial, however,

Oyugi clearly linked the incident at
Serego with the murder of Tenai when
he said, that “nobody should use the
‘opportunity. where .a crime has been
committed toincite peace loving people”.



Collaboration

Thus they are now providing only about 5 percent of the total BBP [gross indus-
trial production] which consists in large measure of government services, agri-
culture and mining as well as trading activities. As a result of this situa—
tion, which is also compounded by the weak performance of the boundaries in-
dustrial program for creating full employment, there is now a large scale urban-
ization process. The urbanization of nonwhites is taking place mostly in and
around white large urban complexes.

As a result of the large capital expenditures for shifting this to the rural
areas, and the necessity of creating jobs for non-whites as soon as possible,
areas of collaboration between white and black urban complexes, where joint
enterprises are to be found, are becoming necessary. In addition large scale
housing programs for urban complexes will have to be tackled. Prof Jan Lombard,
for example, figures that black housing alone will be pushed up from 15,000-
20,000 units per year in 1970, to 150,000-200,000 units by the 90's.

A second geographic factor connected with this and which is being reckoned,
but not yet clearly understood, has to do with deconcentration, on the one
hand, and a more dispersed development on the other. Demographic considera—
tions, strategic pollution, socio-economic, social developments and many
other considerations will of necessity be producing large scale and even
dramatic developments in this area in the years to come. The fact that about
80 percent of the country's economic activity is concentrated on approximately
4 percent of the country's area speaks for itself as it were.

Stability

In connection with this there is talk of areas of collaboration and projects.
In the coming years this will call for large investments especially with
respect to expanding infrastructures which in turn will entail large capital
requirements...something we will not be able to generate ourselves and there-
fore will have to be attracted from abroad. Growth, stability and political
constancy are needed for this.

It is generally accepted that overcoming all the problems of: creating enough
jobs, educational parity, housing shortages...and still insure a better living
standard for all our people will be possible only if there is a growth rate
of 4.5 to 5 percent annually in our economy.

But to attain a 5 percent growth our skilled labor force must increase at the
rate of 3.2 percent annually.

The whites rate of growth tends to be less than 1.5 percent per year. Thus if
we do not reorganize our system so as to involve nonwhites permanently in our
economy and build our economic structure and growth more along the line of in-
terdependence instead of components of separateness then the alternative of
economic stagnation, and even regression and political unrest, will be staring
us in the face. The economic and political implications of co-determination
are just as important for our survival as those of self determination.

7964
cso: 4701/53

88



COMORO ISLANDS

BRIEFS

. FRANCE SHOULD 'PERFORM ITS DUTY'--Moroni, 14 May (AFP)--President Ahmed
Abderamane of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros said on Thurs—
day that there was no dispute between the Comoros and France eyen though the
latter has not finished decolonizing Mayotte. In a statement to [word in-
distinct], on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the fall of Ali
Soilhi's regime, the Comoran president--still on the Mayotte issue--added
that France, "a friendly country," should "perform its duty to the Comoros."
[Text] [AB141425 Paris AFP in French 1015 GMT 14 May 82]

cso: 4719/935



cso:

PFP dilemma

The Progressive Federal Party’s dilemma
has been accentuated, with the leader of
the party and of the Opposition, Dr Van
Zyl Slabbert, rejecting a constitutional
solution which assumes that Blacks will
neither now or in the foreseeable future
be included in the same system of power
sharing as Whites, Coloureds and In-
dians.

However, he keeps PFP options open and
even hints that the PFP may participate
in the President’s Council’s future delib-
erations,but emphasises that the PFP

will not be party to a process that in-!

creases polarisation between Black and
White.

As Dr Slabbert says, these are early days
and the President’s Council recommen-
dations have to go through various stages
of deliberation and decision-making be-
fore a final decision is taken.

Until then, the proposals will be debated
down to the last fullstop.

Cool heads will be needed in all quarters if
unnecessary emotion and friction are to
be avoided.

4700/1240

71



SOUTH AFRICA

AFRIKANER ROLE IN NATIONAL ECONOMY EXAMINED
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 7 May 82 p 9

[Article by Gerald Reilly]

to economists,
Dr Viljoen’ reminded dele-

ites that since those “dark,
EepreingSave fe nd
40s the businessman
hhad made a huge contribution
not only to the social and a oe
nomic upliftment of -
kaner community tt alo 19,

“(eterna tonal caport products, Oy
“Peat terest Patecin them major
industrial counties and by the

recent drought.
Dr De Kock said the econo-

77

[text]
THE Afrikaner
has become a power in the the general welfare ‘of South ‘my had begun to cool and the
national economy. ica. process would continue for
‘This was clearly ustrated In a rousing a the ‘some months before the new
at ‘managing director of Sanlam, [upwards phase started.
tuut in Dr Fred du Plessis, warmed \ the irman of the
Pretoria this week, where ‘that attempts to reduce the in- | FCI, Mr L P Bartel, pointed out
more than 1 000 delegates from flation rate from say 13% to jthat the
all parts of the coum sath- 11% would be at the cost of ‘black states had ided new
‘to discuss the probl slower gowth ‘and higher i ties for en.
associated with the current ‘unemployment ‘it had, however, a
‘economic slide. ‘ ie referred fo the tragedy of moral-duty on them to ensure
The AHI was established in | the Soweto unrest and that the <that the economic and social
1942, which in the words of the impact had badly affected the ‘welfare in the states was ad-
Minister of National Educa- ‘economy for two years. vanced in the interests of peace
tion, Dr Gerrit Viljoen’"— who This the need | and progress.
opened ‘congress — was a ‘for jobs for all. i}: He stressed the cardinal im-
‘of economic suffering for je warned that without a of political Stability
a growth, unemployment could bu
a vast and daunting (familiarise
inade by the Afrikaner in busi- ‘ problem.
ness, and other sectors The Bore of ne SA s
of the economy in the last four serve Dr de
decades is South Africa's own Kock, sketched a grim short-
‘economic miracle, according term economic picture.
SA economy had

‘businessmen must become
‘more actively involved in par-

‘ty politics.
usinessmen, he chided,
‘sometimes severely criticised
ities and actions of the

it and of political
‘Jeaders. Pell



UGANDA

ZAMBIA

Top Catholic Official Served With Second Banning Order

Briefs

Briefs

(THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82)

Soviet Helicopter Hit
Zero Growth in 1983
Arms Owners

Ciskei Unemployment
Symposium for Peace
Ciskei National Church
Makgotla Raids Planned
Makgotla Raids Opposed
Soweto Rio Squad

Marais Raps Broederbond
No Kaolin Decision
Durban Line Damaged
Transkei PM's Son Killed
Strikers Fired

Open Restaurants”

Books of Life

Asian Teachers

Medical School

Ambassador to Scandinavia Resigns

Angolan-Zambian Delegations Discuss Bilateral Cooperation

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 10 May 82) ........e0008

UNZA Administration Expels Two Danish Lecturers

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 10 May 82) ..

Danish Charge's Statement

UNZA 'May Have Been Justified', Editorial

Lima Project Association Turns Out To Be ‘Hoax!
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 10 May 82) ..cccsceccccsccceeceeeees .

Minister Backs Relaxation of Entry Controls for Zairian
Businessmen

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 10 May 82) .

First Ministerial Joint Zambia-Malawi Commission Meeting Planned

Briefs

(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 10 May

82) ..

Persistence of Imusho Famine

GDR for Foreign Minister’

s Visit

-g-

145

146
146
146
147
147
147
147
148
148
148
149
149
149
149
150
150
150
150

151

155

158
158



PO

Though the Government has agreed to "stays" on removal orders in the face of
widespread opposition and bad publicity, Dr Koornhof has made it clear that
the Government will push ahead,

Compassion
For example, in the Reserve 4 area, where large numbers of people have moved
to find work in the Richards Bay industrial complex, the Government agreed

last year to hold back on removal orders,

But this was probably more because of lack of finance than reasons of
compassion.

The area, and three others at Paulpietersburg, Sodwana Bay and Driefontein
near Ladysmith were declared white in January last year.

Dr Koornhof told Parliament that compensatory land has been acquired at
Babango, Umbombo, Lower Umfolozi and Klipriver.

These places are many kilometres away from the present areas and in most
cases far from areas which can offer job opportunities.

Housing

Without saying when the removals would take place, Dr Koornhof said the
people would be moved to areas after infrastructure and housing facilities
had been provided and after further "consultation."

He did not say with whom the consultation could be,

The people of the areas have said they do not want to consult--only remin
where they are, KwaZulu will have nothing to do with the removals,

The black spots are isolated pieces of land ranging in size from a few
hectares to hundreds of hectares,

Job Doubts

Many of the people living in the black spots are settled communities.

The list of areas earmarked for resettlement is almost endless and includes
. places such as Matiwane's Kop, Jonono's Kop, Lusitania and Driefontein--all
near Ladysmith--Tembalihle and Cornfields near Estcourt and Hopewell near
| Richmond.

In nearly every planned removal there are people who do not know where they

are being moved to, who will be their new neighbours or where they will find
jobs. In any case, they do not want to be moved,

cso: 2700/1237

105



"Blacks Are Not Excluded!

‘THE impression should posed that there
not be created that * should be one georgra-
Blacks were being ex- phical area for Whites,

‘cluded from the Presi- {Coloureds and In-
dent’s Council recom- \. dians. This,was accept-

* mendations for \ ed and we must stick

: constitutional reform, to it.”

Dr J Weidemann, said ‘Dr Weidemann said that
yesterday. ' this should not, how-

Speaking in the debate, - Gyer, be seen as the
on the Council’s report formation of a White,

‘on local and regional

Coloured Indian
management systems, ond

power bloc against the

hhe said the question inst oe
was not one of includ- paces Pop"
ing oT cxetuding The Presidents’s Coun-
c cil n advisory
‘The development | of body responsible to its
: the third tier principal, which was
aes mel ont ‘was ac- the Gevernment, and
tually ahead of that of the Council’s propo-

sals had to be seen in
the framework of the
Government’s commit-

‘ the Coloured and In-
was being proposed for

the Coloureds and In- =. ment-to confederation.
dians, was what the {pr Paul Viljoen, a for-
Blacks had had since mer National Party

MP, said there were
some implications in
media coverage of the

1971.
“In 1971 it was pro-

‘Monstrous Supreme Power..."

THE acceptance of an *
+ executive President, ‘as *
recommended by the
President’s __ Council,
would mean the.end of
democracy in South
Africa, a leading acade-
‘mic in’ political science

at. the University of

bodies.

Council’s -' proposals
that were creating
false expections. re-
garding the position of
Blacks. :

Blacks had already pro-

yee —

gressed far along the
road of constitutional
self-determination and
there was good reason
to believe they would
not abandon their

, homelands or indepen-

dent national states.

| whey had of their own

volition rejected & pro-
posed Black council
with which the Presi-
dent’s Council was to
consult, stating they
preferred direct nego-
tiation with the Ge-
vernment itself.

: Anyone who saw a place

\

for the Buthelezi re-
port was living in a
fool's paradise, Dr Vil-
joen said. — Sapa-LL

“t¢ will scrap political
parties — it will make
political parties redun-
dant as policy-making

Prof Kleynhans enm-
| phasised: “If policy and
| decision-making is done
; by the executive State

‘ " | President and the

South Africa said yes: | Prime | Minister | and
day. , ministers he appoints,
Kerotessor ee | it will be an enlightened

partment of Political
Science at Unisa, ap-
proached for an analy-
sis of the President’s
Council’s recommenda-
tions, said: “If the pro-
posal of an executive
State President is ac-
cepted, it will totally de-
stroy ‘our traditional
democratically respon-
sible political-party sys-
tem of government
which has existed for
130 years.

ernment.”

monstrous.”

75

junta with no responsi-
bility to the electorate.
“They will not be re-
sponsible to the legis-
lature. They will have
supreme power.
“What has happened
to our democratic sys-
“tem? This is totally for-
eign to our form of gov-

+ The professor added
that the form of gov-
ernment would, in fact,
be a dictatorship. “It is



down in history as the
Prime Minister who
chad presided over this
fatal split and had pre-
reipitated the decisive
loss of power and con-
trol.

The third occurrence
is «his. extraordinary
“meeting with President
Kaunda. Most commen:
- tators have’ pointed out
ialmost ad nauseum
>that neither: party, was

‘Vikely te gain much, On’

“the contrary; -they
“stood to lose -a great
. deal. Mr Botha could
be vilified by his right
“wing as involved in the
first ~steps of ap-
peasement, a betrayal
of the whites:in Nami-
bia equal to- the trea,
chery that had: sunk
good old Smithy.

Surely most reason-
vable ‘men and women
would concur that the
three items I have
_referred to justify my
opening observations
about Mr Botha. I.am
not being churlish if I
say that I have serious
problems. I do not want
to detract from the
Prime Minister’s
achievements. But
. there are one or two

4700/1237

points which cause’ me
problems.
Let us take the Pre-

isident’s Council. .Mr

Botha represented with
‘this institution a radic-
‘al departure from
‘Nationalist policy. Ori-

“ginally baasskap meant

white domination and
white determination of,
what was good for
‘everybody « constitution-

ally and in every: kind

of other way. He was
bound to collect con-
, siderable flak,

Now here. is my prob-
lem. The. President's
Council had the poten-
tial for defusing our
chighly volatile and crit-
ical situation, In. many
ways, it was a mini-

;Mational convention: in
the making. If he was

prepared..to go so. far
raising the ire of so
many in his party and
volk,: why oh -why. did
he not go that. tiny:
step further «to - com-
plete. his coup?.. Why
did he have-to vitiate
such. a splendid. thing
by the fata] flaws:of
excluding, blacks :and
by ‘having. a nominated
rather than an elected
membership?

101

I know the Presi-
dent’s Council may in
fact end up being just
a glorified debating
society whose recom-
mendations are treated
as of only antiquarian
interest. But at the
moment ‘itis possible
to bring earth-shaking
recommendations:

Equally, once “he had
decided’ that the an-
swer to our crisis must
be - political Dower-
sharing, why should he
render this potentially
creative notion (the ab-
solute answer to South
Africa’s endemic prob-
Jems) virtually useless
by : confining power-
sharing to the whites,
so-called coloureds and
“Indians? *

If Mr P W Botha was
ready to put his career
‘on the line by. meeting,
President Kaunda,
‘what does he “fear .he
“will lose if he sat down
to talk with those
whom we blacks, con-
‘sider to'be our authen-
tic leaders? If:he was
ready to go so far,‘why
did he not go the whole

;hog? He is a remark-

able man. But why does
he refuse to be a great
man?



Although the Nationalist Party is moving in this direction I must make it clear
that the foregoing paragraph is not exactly what the Nationalist Party is for-
mulating.

But, no matter what, the force of numbers in the population statistics demands
a system of very close association policy. Without that we cannot build a
future.

Need To Reorganize Economy
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 21 Apr 82 p 11
[Article by Willem de Klerk: "Coexistence Is an Economic Must"]

Source studies, compilation of statistical information,
development of background information and of other perspec-
tives [for this and yesterday's articles] were provided by
Prof John van Tonder, of the Political Department, and by
Prof Hentie Boshoff of the Institute for Future Studies of
Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education.

[Text] Yesterday's article discussed population numbers and came to the con-
clusion that population numbers present no threat in uniting whites, coloreds
and Asians into one state. What is really a threat are black numbers and pro-
jections concerning them. The formation of separate black states remains a
priority, but so is a confederation in which co-determination becomes a politi-
cal reality. The model which is being held out is a federation type structure
at all government levels between whites, coloreds and Asians and a confedera-
tion structure with the black states and the black people in the republic with
a confederal national council which would convey decisions back to its own
state authorities for enactment.

Today we are going to take a closer look at aspects of economic realities:

Rightly so we are still commited to a political policy of independent black
states with which were are now economically interwoven.

However, it appears to be unrealistic for these states to become economically
independent and the thought that black workers are going to be streaming back
to their own states in greater number also appears to be an impossibility.

The interwoven. nature of our economies (which nobody disputes anymore) has
several implications. The most important of these being the fact that we have
to reorganize our system in such a manner that people of other color will be
permanently involved in our economy.

We must build our economic structure and growth more on interdependence than

on separateness. The economic and political implications of co-determination
affect us just as much as self determination.

86



SUGAR INDUSTRY "LOSING MILLIONS"

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 21 Apr 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

4700/1241

“THE sugar industry in Kenya has been losing hundreds of millions of
shillings in the past few years due to “a bureaucratic sugar pricing

system: and harsh weather,” the Federation of Kenya

mployers’

(F.K.E.) chief executive officer, Mr. Richard Kombo, told the

Industrial Court yesterday.

$
And the Government had set up an inter-Ministerial commission to
look into the sugar industry parastatals with a view to rectifying the

situation,-he added.

Mr. Kombo was giving his
‘opening submissions before the
judge, Mr. Justice Saeed Cock-
ar, in a dispute between Kenya
Union of Plantation Workers
and the sugar employers’ group
of the FKE on improved terms
and conditions of service.

He told Mr. Cockar, sitting
with two court members — Mr.
G. M. Omolo and Mr. A. K.
arap Kerich — that were it not
for sugarcane supplies from the
nucleus areas of the sugar com-
panies, the sugar industry would

ave groutid to a halt by now.

The sugar companies involved

‘in the dispute include Mumias,
Nzoia, Chemelil, South Nyanza,

+ Miwani and East African Sugar
Industries.

Saying all the sugar companies
named, except Miwani, were pa-
rastatal bodies, Mr. Kombo told
the court sugar industry em-
ployees had the highest wages in
the plantation sector.

‘The sugar companies and far-
mers were operating at huge
losses, and the Government

54

should take quick measures to
bail the industry out of the se-

vere financial constraints it was ‘

facing, Mr. Kombo said.

He said the union should
make demands that were realis-
tic to the current economic situa-
tion. The six companies had lost
more than Shs. 182 million last
year, he said.

Nzoia Sugar Company Ltd.
and South Nyanza Sugar Com-
pany Ltd., had an accumulated
loss of.more than Shs. 298 mil-
lion since they were established
slightly over three yeats ago, he
claimed.

‘The price of sugarcane was
uneconomical, he claimed.
Workers’ conditions and terms
of service in the sugar industry
were above the Government em-
ployment guidelines, he said.

¢ hearing continues.

KENYA



KENYA

LAND ISSUES CRITICAL ASSERTS GG
Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 16 Apr 82 p 2
[Article by Gichuru Njihia, Frank Ojiambo and James Kurial

[text]

: THE Minister for Lands, Settle-
“ment and Physical Planning, Mr.

G. G. Kariuki, yesterday

cautioned Kenyans against being
‘allocated open spaces by the Local
{Government authorities (councils)
(3s “they will not get any titles for
pit”.

The Minister said this during the second
reading of ‘the Agriculture -Amendment
Bill in the House yesterday.

He said land issues were serious and

' critical, and urged M.P.s to tackle the issue
|carefully. .
He said he was saddened to learn that
‘the councils were allocating open spaces.
“This must stop. If you get an open space,
you will be cheated because you will not
get title deed for it”, he said.

He said the. Nairobi City Council could
snot allocate land without permission. from
the Government and the Commissioner of.
Lands. He cautioned those who’ owned
land in the vicinity of the city that Nairobi~

must expand ‘and they should be prepared
«to obey the Acquisition Act.

{ The Minister said the Government
inderstood the problems facing the people
Sof Kibera, but it was difficult to determine.
twho to ailocate with a plot.
¥ Ah Assistant Minister for Environment
‘and Natural Resources,,Mr. Leakey, urged
ithe Minister to issue the people of Kibera
swith title deeds. .

He said some people had lived there for
‘more than 70 years and yet they had no
titles for their land. He also lamented
about the sub-division of five-acre plots at
{Langata into half-acre plots while the area
{had no water.

The adoption of the Pest Control Pro-
ducts Bill would empower the Minister for

{Agriculture to deal with manufacturers or

‘importers of fake chemicals, an Assistant
‘Minister for Agriculture, Mr. Atebe Mari-
ta, said.

The Assistant Minister explained that
the Bill was avery vital piece of legislation
to the farming community and the whole
country at large.

Replying to thé views raised by the

{members during the second readipg of the
3Bill, Mr. Marita said that those found to
‘have prepared or imported bad pesticides
will be dealt with ruthlessly by the Minister
responsible. :
&. Mr. Marita ‘said crafty businessmen had
Mast year imported’ huge quantities of
“chalk” for use by the coffee farmers and
which caused untold damage to the coffee
crop.

Fhe Government will not tolerate such
mischievous businessmen who are out to
make Fantastic profits by conning our

farmers,” Mr. Marita said.
. The Assistant Minister said the appoint-

fiment of inspectors of pesticides will be

done on merit. Such officers will be de-
ployed by the Ministry to inspect the
production of agricultural chemicals and
the imports.

He said manufacturers detected to have
produced ineffective chemicals will have
their licences cancelled. Mr. Marita further
said importers bringing to the country fake
chemicals will likewise have their importa-
tion licences cancelled.

He said production of sub-standard che-
micals meant for export would put the
country to ridicule and shame. ; :

‘The Bill sailed through the second read-
ing following lengthy contributions by the
MPs.

An_ Assistant Minister for Economic
Planning and Development, Mr. Martin
Shikuku, warned against a population ex-



RAPID DEVELOPMENT IN KTDA ACTIVITIES

KENYA

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 23 Apr 82 pp 27-29, 31, 32, 34

[text]

‘
‘Beginnings:

:THE ‘Kenya Tea Development
Authority (KTDA) was éstablished by
an act of parliament: (The Agricultural
Act Cap. 318 of the laws of Kenya) soon
after Kenya gained its independence in
1964. The KTDA was charged with the
responsibility of fostering tea growing
as a-cash crop to African smallholder
farmers in areas where such crops. did
not exist before, and with the
responsibility of designing and
supervising the construction of its own
factories, the management of
processing factories and of marketing
its teas.

Tremendous Growth: .
At the time of its establishment, the

KTDA inherited some 2,270 acres of tea ,

‘from a: pilot project, owned by 2,400
growers, under the t ecial crops
He evelopment autho TDA
jwasted no time and.went straight into
operation, launching tea - planting
‘programmes in 11 districts throughout
‘the republic in Meru, Embu, Nyeri,
‘Kirinyaga, Murang’a, Kiambu,
Kericho, Kitale, Kisii, Kakamega and
Nandi. By 1981, after only seventeen
years, the area planted with tea had
‘been raised to 53,583 hectares shared by

ymore than 137,000 smallholder African,

farmers, with 33 factories in operation
and another 6 under construction. By

‘then, the KTDA had become the single

targest producer and exporter of black

tea in the world with a total production
‘of over 36,000,000 kilogrammes of tea
Eper year. The KTDA_ planting
|:programme under the Sth plan comes to
an end on June 30, 1982 and will bring
the total area planted with tea to 54,689
hectares’ involving over 150,000
[families. ;

‘Payments:
b KTDA smallholder growers receive
"initial green leaf payments at the end of
“every month of shs. 1.11 perkg. of green
leaf. At the end of each financial year all
the surpluses from each of the factories
is distributed to the growers, according
‘to individual leaf deliveries, as second
payments. During the last financial year
the total payments to our growers was
over shs. 365 million. '

The contribution of the authority. to
the country’s economy, especially, in
view of the fact that money goes to the
small rural farmers, can hardly be

, underscored. .

; Factories:

, At its inception in 1964, the KTDA
Hinherited one tea processing factory at
Ragati in Nyeri from the special crops
development authority. With its rapid
planting expansion programmes the
need to correspondingly increase
processing capacity was immediately
felt. By 1968, the KTDA had six tea
factories which increased to 12 by 1972

12



WORKERS TREATED LIKE SLAVES, COURT TOLD

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 20 Apr 82 p 2

[text]

cso:

}SOME employees in
l:some companies had com-
mitted suicide due to
harsh and unfair working
conditions, Nyando M.P.,
-Mr. Onyango Midika,
"told the. Industrial Court
|yesterday.
+ Mr. Midika said it was ironical
that workers should continue to
tbe exploited while the senior
management personnel got huge
“Salaries and benefits.
'” Accusing employers of ex-
ploiting workers, Mr. Midika
alleged the employees living and
health conditions were “worse
than slave camps in the 18th
jcentury American plantations”.
| "Mr. Midika, who is also the
{Secretary-General of the Kenya
(Union ‘of Sugar Plantation
{ Workers, was giving his submis-
;sions between his union and the
isugar employers group of, the
| Federation of Kenya Employers,
fon’ improved conditions and
[terms of service.

He told the Industrial Court
‘Judge, Mr. Justice Saeed Cock-
ar, sitting with two members,
Mr: G. M. Omolo and Mr. A’
K. arap Kerich, that of all the
sugar companies, only Chemelil
and Mumias provided reason-
able houses for their employees.

4700/1241

41

i

Mr. Midika accuséd”Miwani
Sugar Mills Ltd., Nzoia Sugar
Company Ltd. and South Nyan-
za Sugar Company Ltd. of being
“exploiters”. He alleged the
ordinary ‘employees worked in

deplorable conditions. .
je claimed that even after the
Industrial Court ordered Miwani
Sugar Mills. to: provide  reason-
able housing for its employees in
a previous dispute, not a single
house had been built. .
_ Mr. Midika alleged that in
some of the companies’ toilets

were built in front of the houses,
and some workers sought shelter
in culverts.
He also alleged that one of the
, companies had been given Shs.
450 million to build houses for its
employees, but- nobody .could
account how the money was
used.

Mr. “Midika cited unfair

medical treatment for ordinary

employees, long working hours

especially for watchmen and low

salaries and leave travelling allo-

' wances as some of the problems
facing workers.

He said senior management
officials got free medical treat-
}ment for their families while the
Lordinary ‘employees. were not
"allowed free treatment even for
[their wives. °



PLANS IN HAND FOR NEW POWER PLANT
Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 17 Apr 82 p 8

[Text]

_ PLANS were underway to construct a 120 megawatt hydro-electric
} plant at Kiambere on the Tana River, the General Manager of the East
African Power and Lighting Company Ltd., Mr. Isaac ‘fuugonzo, said
when he called on the Eastern P.C., Mr. John Etemest.
Mr. Lugonzo, who said the -
project would be completed by
985, added that people who
constructed unauthorised struc-
tures at the proposed, Kiambere
site to trick his company’ into
‘compensating them would not
get any compensation.

Meanwhile, the company was
undertaking several projects in
Eastern Province and has
appealed to residents of areas

eds, aid ,his_ Company. had ‘over which power transmission
learned that some people who lifies passéd not to tamper with
;had earlier been compensated —___ electric wires as this could lead
during the gonstrucion of the to death.
o
other dams had moved onto the The P.C, assured Mr. Lugon-
. zo that measures would be taken
i to ensure that electrification
Mr. Lugonzo complained of programmes were implemented
losses of wire and other electric- Peres ato
al fittings from his company "Mr. Etemesi demanded a halt
power installations in some parts to the construction of the illegal
of Machakos. structures: at Kiambere.-

The P.C. thanked the EAPL

for their commitment in rural
electrication.
"He appealed to the wananchi
to form groups under which they
could apply for supply of elec-
tricity to the areas.

cso: 4700/1241

45

KENYA



SOUTH AFRICA

PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL CHAIRMAN, OTHERS DISCUSS PROPOSALS
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 10

[text] . —
chairman..of the President’s
-Council’s Constitutional Committee,
_Dr Denis Worrall, made it clear yester-,
“day that the council does not regard it!
as its job to sell its revolutionary con-|
;Stitutional changes to the nation. +

But he admitted to The Citizen that.
the interval between the tabling of his
jeommittee’s bombshell reports and
ithe Government’s decision on them
jeould be dangeréus — with rumours,
¢misunderstandings' and distortions
jflourishing in the charged atmos-
‘phere. : “
\. President's ‘Council members are
hoping for a quick<annoitncement by
ithe Government of which reommenda-
jtons it accepts, after which it will be
to Mr P-W-Botha and his Ministers
jo put the ‘Over to the nation;
‘Dr Worrall said. -
|The council members’ arg keeping
their fingers crossed for = decision to
‘emerge from the National Party cau-
cus meeting that will discuss the re-
‘ports on June 5 before the end of the

(current parliamentary session.

Meanwhile the President’s Council
ccepts that it is under an obligation to

Pnsure thatthecoustititionalproposals
fare, “correctly understood” by the
country, Dr Worrall said.

| “Ido not see this as involving slang-
ding matches with poiticians who

_be opposed to the recommendations”,
jhe added.

“For as long as it falls upon Presi-
ident’s Council members to explain
\what the proposals mean, they should
jbe expected to do it from neutral plat-
Morms — chamber of commerce meet-
iings, talks at universities and so on.”

714



eT

+” He said many we thought equal educa-
> tion was limited To teacher eibers and the
content of syllabuses “but unless you have
enrichment and leadership training, you are
» not going to get Std 10 youngsters who pro-
duce their best.

“Even if only 100 of our 200 starters turn
out as doctors, dentists or businessmen, that
val be tremendous, at least we will have

iven them ie opportunity to go beyon ir
,. normal sehooling.” iy tog beya :

Already the boys and girls-have been taken.

© on camps to the Magaliesberg, where the
began learning how to play chess — a skill
they have been told to take back with them to

the schools they will attend as normal during j

yCrosing off hi h at the school

sing is 5) at the school’s open-

ing ceremony, ‘Mr Syrydom takes a few steps

forward until he is almost treading on the

little front-row feet: “This is one of the high-

| lights of my career . . . you are beautiful and I

“Jove you,” he says, and, in the gesture that has

been his trademark for many years, he
waves a podgy hand and shouts: “Shine!”

And back comes a 200-strong chorus of

wide white smiles: “Shine!”

“ @ Barclays Bank is paying the teachers’ sala-

| vies and other organisations such as Sales

House and the Johannesburg Jaycees are

helping out But transport and refreshments

cost about R500 for each Saturday, and Mr
; Edkins has appealed for support for the
{ ‘school.

csO: 4700/1235

136



SOUTH AFRICA

GAZANKULU'S LEADER SAYS HOMELAND IS STAGNATING

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Apr 82 p 2

{Article by Hannes Ferguson]

[text]

4GIYANI — Homeland
development is stagnat-
‘ing, says Professor H
‘Ntsanwisi, Chief Minis-
ter of Gazankulu.

At Giyani, Gazanku-
Ju’s capital, he said yes-
terday that his country
was suffering economi-
cally from lack of
funds.

‘He valued. the
budget. assistance « and
development aid given
by the South African
Government, But there
was a threshold value
at which things would
really start moving and
aid would become truly
productive.

But this threshold
leve] was still a dream,
‘and. Gazankulu was in
danger of | remaining
just . another labour
reserve for South Afri-
“can industry.

His Government had
succeeded in having
‘Nkowankowa. near
‘Tzaneen, and Mkuhlu,

cso: 4700/1233

near Hazyview. de
clared growth points
but this seemed to
mean that the central
Government was: pass-
Ping the burden of deve-
“lopment to private en-
“-terprise.
But, ‘in the present
i business © climate, - pri-
vate enterprise would
hardly stampede to
Nkowankowa and
Mkuhlu to build fac-
tories.

Giyani had also been
accepted as a growth
point but without a rail
connection it -had no
growth prospects.

T.he. railways: Was

“willing to. provide. the
rail link but Gazankulu
ww uld have to guaran-
tee the required traffic
volume right from the
start.

How could he do
this? Professor Ntsan-
wisi asked. The railway
would have to bring
the growth.

Professor _ Ntsanwisi

ssaid that he  under-

129

vstood the South Afri.
“can Government's
“financial dilemma.
“Therefore he agreed
|.with a possibly practic:
ral solution that “had
been suggested to pro-
vide the ‘much-needed
‘funds.
:, The central Govern-
‘ment should introduce
‘an employers’ levy
equal to 10 percent or
jmore of the gross
[wages of homeland citi-
q@ens_ they employed.
“This money should
“then be transferred to
‘the development corpo-
rations of the various
‘homelands and in
dependent states.
This was a more
practical way of -pass-
ing the burden of: deve-
lopment to private: en-
‘terprise. ~
Increasing the .cost
‘of labour by. such a
levy would conceivably
increase its productivi-
‘ty. by at:least the same
‘percentage. This would
be up to employers.



GUINEA-BISSAU

BRIEFS

MILITARY UNIFORMS--The armed forces of Guinea-Bissau will wear uniforms similar
to those used by the Portuguese army but with different insignia. This was dis-—
closed byamilitary source. The relative agreement was concluded during the
recent visit to Bissau of a delegation from the Portuguese army's general uniform
and equipment stores. The same delegation also visited Cape. Verde and stated
that the Cape Verdian government is "extremely interested" in purchasing Por-

tuguese uniforms and equipment for its armed forces. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE
ANGOLA in Portuguese 27 Apr 82 p 12]

cso: 4742/312



SOUTH AFRICA

OVERSEAS WORKERS WATCH SA HARBOURS UNION ROW

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 5 May 82 p 3

[article by Steven Friedman]

[text]

cso:

OVERSEAS transport unions are taking
a personal interest in a union recogni-
tion row brewing in South African ports
between SA Transport Services (SA
Railways) and the General Workers

Te dispute has re-erupted following a

speech last week by the of Trans-
Fort Mr Hendrik Schoeman.
He said the GWU was organising SATS

‘workers and said the railways would never
ise “outside unions”. It would deal only
with its own black staff association.

year
SATS manager Mr Kobus utoee, consis
‘who also ruled out talks with unions organ-
ised independently of SATS.

inking Mr Schoemas speech bd vay
x! 'S 8] and sa)

seek a meeting wi with him on ast

refusal to deal with the
“It said most SATS ‘workers at, Port Eliza-

4700/1235

beth and East London harbours had belonged
to the GWU for over seven months. It was
also, gaining support In Cape Town and

ae union spokesman said yesterday Port
Elizabeth and East London harbours were
tense. He said railway police had been har-
assing GWU members. Pamphlets attacking
the had been distributed and a union

man fired.

“The workers are refusing to be provoked
into a confrontation. But we don’t know how
long we can hold them back,” he said.

GWU said the International ‘Transport
Workers Federation had promised it support.
Employer sources confirmed this. They said
wi managers were “very worried”.

The Gi GWU statement said union had

to discuss the issue with Mr
foumeer and had been rejected.

It Warned of tension mand leiely in man-
agement appeai “comy ly insensi-
tive to the potentially serious consequences of
oer senior SATS id. yesterday he

senior source sai y
knew of no harassment of union members.

131



WAGE PROPOSALS UNREALISTIC CLAIMS FKE

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 17 Apr 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

4700/1241

THE Federation of Kem
‘unrealistic and unattainable’

Employers (FKE) yesterday rejected as
proposals by the Central ‘Organisation of

Trade Union (COTU) for a minimum wage of Shs. 1,450 per month for

urban centres and Shs. 1,000

month for rural areas.

‘The FKE Chairman, Mr. T. C. J. Ramtu, reminded Cotu not to be
mindful not only of the few who have gainful employment but also the
thousands of other Kenyans, including schoo! leavers, who may have

no ‘hope of obtaining employment for several years to come.

“The federation, therefore,
rejects these. proposals as both

unrealistic and’ unattainable at -

the present stage of our develop-
ment”, Mr. Ramtu said.
The chairman, who was
- addressing the 23rd annual
general meeting of FKE at a
jairobi hotel, said the country
was faced with a serious unem-
“ ployment situation whereas the
plantation sectors had a’shortage
‘of labour, which was posin,
critical problem in the produc-
tion and processing of agricultu-
ral products.
fe appealed to the Govern-
ment to permit the National
Social Security Fund to set aside
funds for lending to. approved
rural employers for construction
of low-cost houses as employers
were finding it difficult to get
such finance.
Welcoming the, recent

announcement by President Moi
that the Government intended
to set up a board of trustees to
manage the Fund as an auton-
omous body, Mr. Ramtu hoped
the board would consider. re-
directing the investment policy
of the Fund to low-cost housing.

Mr. Ramtu expressed concern
at the ‘baffling’ attitude by the
Labour Ministry in encouraging
the unionisation of managers,
including the level of general
managers.

He said the implication of the
move was that employers would
in future be forced to negotiate
collective agreements for all
levels of managers, including ex-
patriates, with trade unions that
purport to represent them.

49

KENYA



SOUTH AFRICA

NRP Rejects Executive President Idea
(Jaap Theron; THE CITIZEN, 15 Mar 82) ....seeeseeseeeee

Details on Historic Meeting Between Botha-Kaunda Given
(THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ..ccscccsccecccesceseseee beens

Tensions May Ease, by Aida Parker
Hope for Good Results, Editorial

Economy's Ability To Survive World Storms Claimed
(THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ..scsseccececeeceeteees se eeeeee

Malan Says He Will Quit 'If PM Asks Me'
(John Battersby; RAND DAILY MAIL, 7 May 82) ......-.ee-

NP Response to President's Council Proposals Awaited
(Editorial; THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82) .

National Party.Split Increases Strain on NGK
(Bennie Van Delft; SUNDAY TIMES, 2 May 82) .

President's Council Chairman, Others Discuss Proposals
(THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82) ..

Afrikaner Role in National Economy Examined
(Gerald Reilly; RAND DAILY MAIL, 7 May 82) .....-eseeee

National Party's Problems Explored
(Hermann Giliomee; RAND DAILY MAIL, 5 May 82) ........ .

Importance of Interdependence in Southern Africa Discussed
(L. A. Van Wyk; DIE TRANSVALER, 21 Apr 82) .....++-e- oe

Growing Population Inbalance Demands Economic, Social Changes
(Willem de Klerk; DIE TRANSVALER, various dates) ......

Federal, Confederal System
Need To Reorganize Economy

Divergent Views Expressed Over Future Social System
(Thinus Prinsloo; RAPPORT, 18 Apr 82) ..... bee eeeeeenee

Mdantsane Archdeacon Says ‘Church Trapped in Laws of State!
(RAND DAILY MAIL, 10 May 82) ......... beac e ee eeeeees oe

Motlana Claims Committee of 10, SCA 'Still Active’
(RAND DAILY MAIL, 4 May 82) ...sseeeseeeee se seeeeeeeeee

SA Role in Bridging Gap With Third World Described
(John Mulcahy; RAND DAILY MAIL, 4 May 82) ...

ANC Organization, Aims Under Scrutiny
(Bruce London; SUNDAY TIMES, 2 May 82) .

-d-

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FIRST MINISTERIAL JOINT ZAMBIA-MALAWI COMMISSION MEETING PLANNED

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

‘THE first ministerial meeting”

of the Zarbia-Malawi joint
"permanent commission of co-
operation will be held i
Zambia later this year, Minis-
ter of Home Affairs, Mr
Frederick Chomba has. an-
nounced.

He said the visit to Zambia
by a Malawian delegation led
by Minister of Central Region
and member of the central
committee of the Malawi
Congress Party, Mr Aaron
-Gadama had paved the way for
ithe ministerial meeting.
| Mr Chomba said the date
jand venue of the first minis-
terial joint permanent com-
mission would be announced
later.

“Zambia regarded the visit
by the Malawian team as
opportune and important.

“The exploratory discus-
sions that we have held have

j been very useful and have
{paved the way for the first
ministerial meeting of the
: Zambia-Malawi_ joint _ per-
manent commission of co-
operation."”

Mr Chomba told the Malawi
delegation at ‘a dinner on
Friday that the people of
‘Malawi and Zambia had al-
‘ways been close for centuries.

“We have experienced a
similar historical, social, cul-
tural and indeed — colonial
background.”

4700/943

157

Since the independence of
the two countries, the two
peoples had lived in peace
side by side.

Malawians and. Zambians
;were like Siamese _ twins.

““Tt_is our determination to’

{maintain these cordial and
brotherly relations for the
jmutual benefit of our peoples.”

Visits. like the one under-
taken by Mr Gadama afforded
the two brotherly countries a
chance to take stock of pro-
gress in all areas of coopera.
tion affecting all people and to
try and find answers to their
problems.

This was done with a view
to promoting a better under-
standing and fruitful coopera-
tion between the two peoples.

Mr Chomba reassured his
Malawian counterpart that
Zambia stood for continued
and unflinching cooperation
with Malawi. in _ political
economic, social and cultural
fields.

“We are looking forward to
establishing many more areas
of cooperation not only bet-
ween Zambia and Malawi but
also in our region through our
unique regional organisations
:such as the Southern African
{Development _ Coordination
|Conference (SADCC) and the
‘Preferential Trade  Are&

ZAMBIA



Hambote, delegation
secretary.

i; The meeting opened
on a marvelously sunny
late autumn day in a
bushveld site — part of
the cattle ranch, Nou-
poort, owned by Mr
Boeta du Toit in_ the
Kopfontein area of the
north-western Trans-
vaal.

If carried out to a suc-
cessful conclusion this
conference could well
determine the fate of
this region for a long
time to come, either by
peace or continuing
endless struggle.

‘There were plenty of
advance _ predictions
that the whole event
would be a shambles
and that the conference
would fall flat on its
face.

My information, in
fact, is that preliminary
contact between Lusa-
ka and Pretoria earlier
this week had gone
“marvellously” that the
two sides had. quickly
begun to find each
other.

The indaba was held
in two huge mobile

homes _trailered “up
from’ Pinetown. ‘The
central unit was parked
squarely across the bor-
‘der line between Bo-
tswana and South Afri-
ca, with the SA
delegation sitting on
the SA side of the con-
ference table, the Zam-
bians on the ~ Bo-
tswanan side.

The morning session
started at 10.18 and
ended at 12.20; the,
afternoon session at
"2,15, ending just over
one hour later.

Security throughout
/ was enormously tight,
‘so much so that few of
the 120-strong Press
; contingent knew when
leither of the leaders
‘had actually arrived.

The luncheon served
sto the two delegations
comprised fruit cock-
tail, chicken, kingklip
or roast beef, served
with red and white
‘South African wines.
‘However, as Dr Kaunda
is both vegetarian anda
teetotaller, he was
served with a special sa-

Arrangements set up

by Foreign Affairs and
Information with police
support and SADF lo-
gistics were incredibly
sophisticated,  espec-
ially when considering ,
that the South Africans
jhad, Jess ,than .three
days in which to set up
“what” was virtually" a
j small township.

| The Post Office, too,
| played its part in beam-

ing out news of this im-
j portant event to the
| world, sending their top
}\men to handle telex and
| telephone facilities.

| One of the big gues-

sing games among the
Press corps at the sum-
mit was: Who among
them represented the
KGB? And how many
KGB agents were pres-
ent?

Gaborone, it is
known, is currently
crawling with KGB rep-
resentatives.

The Russians are re-
ported to be furious at
President Kenneth
Kaunda’s surprise
move for communica-
tion and conciliation in

Hope for Good Results

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 6

[Editorial:

[text]

"Useful"]

‘THERE will be much speculation in the
days to come’about the nature of the dis-
cussions between Mr P W Botha, the
South African Prime Minister, and Dr
Kaunda, the Zambian President.

What can be said with certainty at this
point is that the talks, which dealt with
the situation in Southern Africa and par-
ticularly the issues of South West Africa
and South Africa, were frank and friend-

ly and, in the words of the official com-

munique, “useful.”

Perhaps no accommodations or agree-
ments were reached.

Perhaps matters were left over for dis-
cussion at other levels.

South Africa.

“Moscow would ob-
viously dearly love to
see the initiative fail,
‘with damaging political
TFepercussions for each
| of the leaders involved.

| It is understood that

| there have already been

| urgent talks between
\the various Soviet am-
\bassadors in South
Africa.

There can be little
‘doubt that they will
now do their utmost to
sabotage the “armis-
tice” initiative, to
-throw a spanner in the
works. First sign of ex-
pected retaliation is the
outrage in Zimbabwe
and Tanzania, with
both Robert Mugabe
and Julius Nyerere cry-
ing “betrayal”.

There is already talk
of radical “rejection”
summit and moves to-
ward greater-co-ordi-
nation between the
“red belt” nations —
Tanzania, Zimbabwe,
Angola and Mozambi-
que.

Perhaps all that.was achieved was a better
understanding of “each other’s view-
points and the problems of the sub-conti-

nent.

But. the, silence on what was discussed or
achieved does not alter one salient fact —
this was a meeting between the leader of
the: White South and.a leader of one of
the frontline Black States and it went off
remarkably well and without any signs of

discord, —_____-_______-~_____
“I¥ COiild have been otherwise.

It could have been an eyeball-to-eyeball

confrontation.

It could have beeen a meeting from which
‘the two leaders emerged in. thunderous

66



MUSLIM CONFERENCE IS HELD IN NAIROBI

KENYA

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 23 Apr 82 p 26

[Text]

cso:

THE idea of forming the Organisation
‘of Islamic Conferences (OIC) dates
back to 1969 when Muslim heads of
state met in Rabat, Morocco. The
Muslim leaders decided to form the:
organisation to safeguard the funda-
mental human rights of the Palestinian,
\and Muslim people and to protect the
sanctity of holy places in AlQuds
from Israeli occupation authorities.
‘The International Africa Muslim Youth
Camp was formed as a subsidiary to
the organisation, its main aim being
the education of Muslim students, as
well as the spreading of the Islamic
‘Janguage internationally, to help young
-Muslims to understand their religion
more fully. .

Last week the fifth general session of
World Association of Muslim Youth
conference opened in Nairobi, at the
Kenyatta. International Conference
Centre. President Daniel arap Moi who
opened the conference, announced
increased facilities for Arabic learning,
up to university level, and said that
freedom of worship was important in
this country. Moi noted that. the
conference was the first to be held
‘outside Saudi Arabia, indicating the
recognition by Arab countries of thé
freedom enjoyed by. Muslims in Kenya.

The Young Muslims Association
(YMA) of Nairobi requested that the
conference be held in Nairobi in view of
the high degree of religious tolerance
enjoyed in- Kenya. According to the
YMA, this is testified by the presence of

4700/1239

21

| mosques all over the country as well as
‘the teaching of Islam to Muslims in
iprimary schools, secondary teachers
reolleges and at the University of
‘Nairobi. . Officials at the conference
* were full of praise for government's role
_ in these activities. .

There was support for the Muslim
conference from an assistant’ minister
for labour, Mr. Shariff Nassir who
urged Kenyan Muslims to join Kenyans
of other denominations in develop-
ment activities. He advised them
not to ‘use their denominational
diffetences as a cause to neglect: such
activities as agriculture and education.

The OIC’s activities have intensified
in various fields in recent years, said the
secretary general in his speech.
‘Seventeen African states are now
-members of the organisation and
several subsidiary organisations have
‘been formed as a-result of efforts by the
OIC. These include statistical, economic
and social research and training centres.
for vocational training and the Islamic
Foundation for Science, Technology
and Development. The main aims of
these organisations is to promote the
éducation of Muslim youth. Besides the
specialised organisations, there are also
activities on investments, commercial
jco-operation, promotion and
protection and guarantee of
‘investments, all, geared to utilise to.
{the maximum’ potential available in
member states with emphasis on the
‘promotion and preservation of Islam.
; }



cso:

<. @ The creation of an
gmew constitutional dis-
ipensation by negotia-
‘tion and agreement.
@ Full and equitable
‘ participation in deci.
sion-making by all citi-
“zens at every level of
government which has
: jurisdiction over them.

@ Recognition and
accommod: t
plural nature of our so-

ciety in a political sys-
tem which recognises
the right to group iden-
tity and protection of
| group interests.

@ Decentralization
‘of decision-making to
the lowest level at
which it can be effec-
tively exercised.

@ Respect for local
preference without
either compulsory inte-
gration or compulsory
segregation.

@ Removal of dis-
crimination while pro-
viding safeguards fer
legitimate group rights.
“Most of the | Presi-
dent’s Council propo-
sals fall clearly within
these principles. This
applies particularly to
the philosophic moti

4700/1240

jéver, this has only been
tthe. first step. Where
e “first five years of
}the NRP had been a
(phase of pioneering the
“way to the new Repub-
‘lic the NRP now enters
a new phase — that of
an equally critical con-
‘tribution in shaping
and building the actual
structure of the new
A.

“Those who used to’

‘say that the NRP had
no role to play in poli-
tics had had a clear
answer. To those who
now say thus ‘my
answer is equally clear.
The task of the party on
the road ahead will be
“even more crucial be-
| Cause we are the only
party which is steeped
in the philosophy upon
| which the new dispen-
" saion must be built.”
“Any. attempt to
| implement the mech-
-anics of the proposals
will fail in the philo-
sophic - approach in
which it is attempted is
foreign to the spirit in
which they have been
formulated. SA_ will
therefore need the im-

64

| put of the NRP more
than ever before —both
‘ in the negotiations that
lie ahead-and in the for-

| “So while I appre-
‘ciate the compliment by
{those who say that now
|that the NRP has
Lachieved its goal —that
fit should simply join the
‘Government — I want
to say very clearly that
the task of this party is
ifar from finished. The
‘most vital part still lies
vahead,” he said.
\ 'No other party can
igive to the embryo new
dispensation what the
NEP has to contribute
— a feel for the spirit
‘needed to give life and
strength to the cold
‘print of constitutional
evolution. This we can
jonly do if we have the
freedom of independent
‘thought and identity
;which has been the hall-
"mark: of the NRP. We
will play our part but in
doing so will not weak-
:en its value by sacrific-
ing its strength,” he
said.



FINANCING PROBLEMS OF WHITE HOME-SEEKERS REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 ps8

[text]

cso:

(THE catastrophic situa-
| tion with the supply of
building society money
j could mean that 8 000
! White prospective
vhome-owners were be-
fing denied bonds every
| month, Mr Alf Widman
(PFP, Hillbrow) said
yesterday.

Speaking in the de-
bate on the Finance
Budget vote, Mr Wid-
:man said it was esti-
mated that 12 000 Whites
@ mont» were applying
for ms::, 2 bonds in-
volving about R300 mil-
lion, while only B1i7
million was being grant-
ed.

“This could mean that
8000 White prospective
home-owners are being
denicd a bond every
month. I think you wiil

4700/1173

agree this is  cata-
strophie.”

There had been a
massive withdrawal of
funds from the building
societies, because banks
were offering . higher
rates of interest and be-
cause the - revolving
scheme granting indi-
viduals R150 000 tax free
investment each was be-
ing phased out.

“Therefore, people
have had to withdraw
their’ money and re-
invest it, and they are
certainly not reinvesting
it with the building so-
cieties.”

He said tax free build-
ing society subscription
shares were currently
paying 8,75 percent,
equivalent to 12 percent
taxed. This had to be

140

SOUTH AFRICA

~ compared with 16 per-

cent on fixed deposit
and up to 20 percent on
large amounts of call
money placed with
banks.

From Monday, the in-
terest rate on tax free
shares with building so-
cieties would rise to 9,5
percent on new invest-
ments, but this only
brought them in line
with rates offered by the
Post Office and Trea-
sury Bonds.

The Association of
Building Societies did
not expect the new rate
to attract. new invest-
ments necessarily.

“All they ean hope for,
is to stem the tide of the
flow of money leaving
the societies,” Mr Wid-
man said.



SURRENDER OF WEAPONS<-Migori-~-"Wananchi" living in Migori Division of South
Nyanza District have been asked to surrender all smuggled weapons and home~
made guns by Migori D.0., Mr S.K, Maina. [Text] [Nairobi THE STANDARD in

English 24 Apr 82 p 9]

cso: 4700/1241

57



fn

increasing the total area planted with
tea under the auspices of the KTDA
from 50,685 hectares to 53,586
hectares owned by some 137,832
growers. The drought conditions that
prevailed for most of the year
adversely affected leaf yields. A total:
of 145,923,951 kg. of green leaf was”
produced out of an estimated
206,375,000 kg. Tea production by
KTDA factories increased from”
31,017,766 kg in 1979/80 to 32,733,366 :

ke

Market:
World tea prices rémained virtually
static during the year, thereby
compounding the impact of world
wide recession and. poor climatic
conditions. The average price obtained
for a kilogram of made tea rose
slightly from shs. 15.14 in 1979/80 to,
shs. 15.83 in 1980/81. This increment |
in average price of 4.55 per cent was!
hardly sufficient to counteract the
effect of inflation on the cost of

production. i

'Factories: _

In the year under reference three. of
the five 1978/79 factories at Theta in
Kiambu, Iria-ini in Nyeri and Kapset
in Kericho were commissioned.
Machinery installation at Gatunguru
in Murang’a and Sang’anyi in Kisii
was at an advanced stage and both
were expected to become fully
operational -in the first half of the
1981/82 fiscal ‘year.

Construction of the four 1979/80
factories at Ndima in Nyeri/
Kirinyaga, Kiegoi in Meru,
Makomboki in Murang’a and Tombe in
Kisii progressed well, and machinery
installation was at hand. Commis-
sioning at Makomboki and Ndima was
envisaged before the end of calendar
“year 1981, with Kiegoi and Tombe
following shortly thereafter.
Considerable progress had been made
in the six 1980/81 factories at Kagwe in
Kiambu, ‘Rukuriri in Embu, Gitugi in
Nyeri, Kinoro in Meru, Mogogosiek in
Kericho and Ogembo in Kisii. Financial

14

agreements for the funding of these
factories had been reachéd towards the
end of the last financial year, and
-contracts for the construction and
installation of machinery concluded by
November, 1980. Efforts are being
made to ensure the early completion of
these factories by the end of the
calendar year 1982.

When thése factories are completed,
they will bring the total number of
factories owned by smallholder tea
growers and managed by KTDA to 39.

Payments:

The authority declared a second
payment of shs. 219,362,471 or an
average of shs. 1.50 per kilogram of
green leaf.as against shs. 1.76 paid
during the preceding year. . This
payment’ was .in addition to shs.
145,923,951 already paid to growers in
_the form of initial-monthly payments,
bringing the total payments to KT DA
smallholders to shs. 365,286,422. Under
the very difficult economic aad
agricultural conditions prevailing
during. the fiscal year under
consideration these payments, are
commendable and a testimony of the
authority’s concerted efforts to ensure
continued tighter cost and expenditure
control. “

DRAMATIC.
PRODUCTION
INCREASE

KENYA is the third largest tea-
exporting country in the world after
‘India and Sri-Lanka. The dramatic
increase in Kenya s production is mainly
due to the introduction of the small-
holders scheme by the Kenya Tea
Development Authority (KTDA), a
parastatal organisation which operates
like a private firm. .
Tea is one of the major cash crops
which were introduced to Kenya by



LUO LEADERS PATCH UP DIFFERENCES

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 22 Apr 82 p 9

[text]

cso:

4700/1241

SOUTH Nyanza leaders
including alf the Members
of Parliament have re-
solved to patch up their
differences and work as a
team for the benefit of the
district and the country.

The unity move was
reached at the end of a cru-
cial seven-hour meeting held
behind closed doors at Homa
Bay district headquarters on
Monday.

The meeting chaired by
the South Nyanza D.C., Mr.

“Amos Bore, was attended by

the Minister for Commerce,
Mr. John Okwanyo, an
Assistant Minister for Higher
Edutation, Mr. Walter Mwi-
ta, an Assistant Minister for
Regional Development, Sci-
ence and Technology, Mr.
Alphose Okuku, Mrs.
Phoebe Asiyo M.P.
(Karachuonyo), ir, Onyan-
fe. Ayodo M.P. (Kasipul-

abondo), Mr. Oluoch
Kanindo ‘M.P. (Homa Bay),
Mr. J. L. Aluoch, Nomin-
ated M.P., the Kanu chair-
man for South Nyanza Di:
trict, Mr. David Amayo Oki-
ki and an Assistant Minister
for Constitutional Affairs
Mr. Z. Olang.

4

At the end of the meeting,
the,

Mr. Bote emerges

31

“roomedid ‘briefed:
swho-had-beén-waitiny
‘to> hear thee Outcome
‘méeting.

Mr. Bore said the
marathon meeting had been
convened to review “our
achievements in the district,
particularly in matters per-
taining to development acti-
vities and co-operation
AMM UUISERES ARNE

all day.
ofthe:

The leaders at the meeting
reaffirmed their confidence
in the leadership of President
Daniel arap Moi, the Gov-
ermment and Kanu.

~ They further unanimously
resolved to bury their differ-
ences to pool their efforts for

_ Officials, politicians and 20v.
érnment officers to know ab-
‘out development program-
“mes in their respective areas.

The leaders agreed that
meetings should be held in
all constituencies in the dis-
trict to be jointly addressed
by M.P.s and Kanu officials
to motivate wananchi to take
an active part in the imple-
mentation of various projects
in the district.

KENYA



UGANDA

BRIEFS

AMBASSADOR TO SCANDINAVIA RESIGNS—-Ibrahim Mukiimbi, Ugandan ambassador in the
Scandinavian countries, resigned on 14 May to protest against the policy of his
government. The diplomat justified his action in a communique stating that

Mr Obote's regime is "a reign of terror worse than that of the former dictator,
Idi Amin Dada."--AFP [Text] [Paris LE MONDE in French 16-17 May 82 p 2]

cso: 4719/982

151



cso:

4700/1241

plosion” in” thecounitry ‘Saying that the
country’s birth rate of four per cent annual-
ly was the highest in the world.

Making his contribution to the
debate on the Agriculture
Amendment Bill No 2, the
Assistant Minister regretted that

‘not all Kenyans would be lucky
to own a piece of land owing to
the increasing population in the
country. ~

Mr. Shikuku urged those ‘ow-
ing huge tracts of land lying idle
to utilise them for food produc-
tion. .

“Those owning large tracts of

land should be asked to utilise

‘them for food production other-

wise the Government should
take over and allocate the land
to deserving people,” he said.

Mr. Shikuku said the Govern-

ment should discourage the frag-

mentation of land saying such a

practice did not help the country
to produce enough food.

51

“Animals

* Emphasising the need 1 isue
title deeds to settlers in settle-
ment schemes, the Assistant
Minister hailed the-Minister re-
sponsible for Lands and Settle-
ment for being a dynamic leader.
“He said people in settlement
schemes should be issued with
title deeds to enable them. to
borrow loans from financial in-
stitutions for the development of
their plots.

! The M.P. for Kitui West, Mr.
Parmenas Munyasia, urged the
Minister to allocate the landless
wananchi in Kitui District with
plots which were lying idle.

He claimed that huge tracts of
fand in ’Kitui North and East
were inhabited by wild animals
while thousands of wananchi
were.in great demand for settle-
ment.

An Assistant Minister for Loc-
al Government, Mr. Katana
Neala, felt that the introduction
of the Bill will go a long way to
vhelping the settlers on settle-
ment schemes.



a lot more heated and controversial.
Now, with the threat of detention
hanging over. the heads of backbench
MPs, it is likely that parliamentary
debates will stay subdued for a while.
The president's warning to “radical”
MPs went further than merely questio-
ning the value of parliamentary im-
munity; the president also took issue
with: the lifestyles of some radical
MPs. He described leaders with un-
kempt beards as being irresponsible.
According to the president, the beards
harboured lice. “How can those who,
are unable to look after their beards
be expected to look after the interests
of other people,” the president said.
(A number of backbench MPs wear
beards: Some ministers in Moi’s govern-
ment once spoted beards, but they
got rid of them when the president
first attacked beards almost two years
ago.) An intriguing aspect of the
president's attack on radicals was his
warning to cabinet ministers to speak
with one voice. Those who could not
toe the line should resign, he said.
There was no elaboration on_that
particular point and nothing in the
-recent public pronouncements of
‘ministers gave observers any clue as
to who among his ministers the pres*
dent might have had in mind as not
itoeing the line. What it seemed to
suggest, however, is that some of the
so-called radicals among backbenchers
have ‘silent supporters in the front-
benches. With the threat of detention
uttered last week by the president,
however, any such support will be
even more profoundly silent from now
on.
Indeed, silence may be the most
likely outcome of any legislation which
‘would curtail parliamentary privilege
in order to make MPs open to litigation

, asa result of whatever they may say in
parliament. Kenya MPs are already
circumspect enough as ‘it is outside

| Parliament. This has not always been

\due to the fact that any allegations
they may utter against senior govern-
ment officials — usually civil servants
— cannot be proved, but rather because
to prove them. requires access to

17

documents which are in the possession
of those very senior government
officials, which access -is almost
impossible under normal government
| procedures. Kenya’s parliamentary
process is about the only way certain
information can be’ prized out of
reluctant government bureaucracies,
and MPs are going to be extremely
Yeluctant to venture any observations
about public matters when they may
discover later that though they may
‘be.right, they do not have access to
the ‘Proof which would protect them
against lawsuits. Some MPs see a
curtailment of parliamentary privilege
as the simplest way of curtailing parlia-
iment’s powers to require accountability
from ‘the executive arm of the
government.
, The chances of a law being enacted
'by parliament to curtail its own freedom
of expression are however fairly high
at the moment. Government ‘has an
overwhelming majority ‘in ‘the front-
benches to pass any legislation it
requires so long as the frontbenches
ivote as one, and ‘with the threat of
detention facing “dissidents”, it is most
‘likely that many among the minority
backbenchers will < to stand up
,and be counted as being opposed to
ithe parliamentary immunities they
currently enjoy.

The first time ‘Kenya MPs were
detained for what they said in parlia-
ment’ was in 1975 when the then de-
puty speaker of the national assembly,
Mr. M. J. Seroney, and the MP for
‘Butere, Mr. Martin Shikuku, were
picked up from the precincts of parlia-
ment after Shikuku had claimed that

-the ruling party, Kanu, was dead and
Seroney ‘had refused to ask him to
substantiate his views on the grounds
| that there was no need to substantiate
ithe obvious. The next MP to be
detained for what he said in parliament
|was the then MP for Kitutu East, Mr.
| George Anyona, who was picked up
‘by.the police in the course of a parlia-
mentary debate in which he had
‘accused the then British high com-
missioner and Mr. Charles Njonio,



SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK MEDICAL GRADUATES SCORE WITWATERSRAND UNIVERSITY

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 28 Apr 82 p 13

[article by Martin Feinstein]

[text]

‘A RIFT has emerged between
black graduates of the Univer-
sity of the Witwatersrand’s
medical school and their
teachers

acted the school of ned sae

ipartheic
tions which havé' provok
deeply hurt reaction from the
dean of the Fa acy of Medi-
cine, Professor Phillip Tobias.
Copies of the confidential
revealing the
duates’ disquiet, as well as
Tobias’ bias’ reply, were oye given
to the Rand

week.

The letter to Prof Tobias is
signed by 18 graduates who are
Ne
housemen at various hospi-
tals on the Witwatersrand.

It begins by supporting the

traditional ethical
governing medicine and stress-
ing their belief that the prac-
tice and teaching of medicine
should be totally devoid of dis-
criminatory elements arisin, ne
out of religious, social or raci
considerations.

‘The graduates’ then note
with concern that “aj id
medicine” in South Africa re-
stricts easy and equal access to
health care; ret existing
health care inappropriate to
the needs of most South Afri-
can citizens, and rigidly divi divides
hospitals and other facili
along racial lines.

“Apartheid, oY permeating

ger facet of
Aitca Such as housing

education, income and recrea-
tion . .. affects the health of the
black population “adversely,”

they say.

‘The letter also attacks the
South African Medical and
Dental Council as “an instru-
ment of State policy — as evi-
denced by the composition of
the council and its handling of
the Biko affair”.

It says the council is “direct-
pian roca

e policy of ay

‘Then the graduates come to
the three hard-hitting allega-
tions that are the crux of their

unhappiness with the universi-
‘ygm medical school,

“The training of black doc-
torghas been seriously negleet
ed” they claim. :

“The permit system for the
admission of blacks into medi-
cal schools is still itive
and the concept of a free and
‘open university is non-
existent.”

‘say, the medi-
ie an inte-
apartheid
~:-“It is subject to Government
denced by student admissions,
* student teaching during clini-
cal years and staff involve-
ment in racial hospitals.”

‘The third — and most seri-
ous — charge claims the
school’s teachers have failed to
uphold not only the Geneva
Declaration, which binds doc-

tors to forbid race, party ps pl
tics or social

Secor ndly,
cal school “has
gral element of
medicine”.

terfering with the treatment of

patients, but also the age-old
ippocratic Oath.

. “The members of the medi-
al profession, including our
tear by electing to remain
ipartheic

passive
medicine and its consequences,

138

are failing to uphold the,
tial codes of ft medical
The letter provoked. Spy
hurt reaction from Ptof
bias, the head of the school and

an ‘outspoken opponent of
apartheid and campaigner for
freedom.

u that I find my
in emateate ety ar

the Padus claim that the

- concept and principle of a free

university is non-exis-

led Extension
of University Education Act
was passed, and since that time
from 1959 to the present.

ae ore sing tat dedi-
cat keepi it concept
and principle alive; it is en-
shrined on the wall of the
Great Hall of the university,
we re-affirm it annually, and a
great number of our deeds are
an_ implementation of that
principle and
It is the practice of a free

Prof Tobias says, when the Act

and it is not simply lip service
~ that leads us to take every pos-



SOUTH AFRICA

GROWING POPULATION INBALANCE DEMANDS ECONOMIC, SOCIAL CHANGES
Federal, Confederal System
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 20 Apr 82 p 11

[Article by Willem de Klerk: Population Numbers Necessitate Association Policy
Between all Groups"]

[Text] The proportion of numbers in South Africa represent one of the most
forceful realities which compel us to develop a system which will be based

on self determination on the one hand and co-determination, or joint responsi-
bility, on the other.

These are the compulsive statistics:

By the year 2000 the total population profile will consist of 75.58 percent
blacks, 12.90 percent whites, 8.80 percent coloreds and 2.72 percent Asians.
Subsequently within 20 years (in the year 2020) the white percentage will drop
to 10.26 percent against a black growth of up to 79.10 percent of the popula-
tion. The coloreds and the Asians will also show a slight drop.

White children born today will then be only 38 years old. The prospect is
that the number of whites will double in 79 years, while the number of blacks
will double in 29 years.

There is another disturbing fact: As a result of the leveling-off of white
population growth we are going to be an old age group, while people of color,
especially blacks, will have millions of youths on their side. In the year
2020, 21.3 percent of the whites will be over 60 years old and 10.4 percent of
blacks will be in that age group.

Along with this inbalance in numbers there are also other dynamics, that is,
the black people's strength in numbers will also bring other growing forces

to their side, that is, economic power through their buying power, labor power
through their job occupations and the inevitable promotions to higher positions,
and political power through the pressure of numbers having political ambitions.

Their pupils and students will be more numerous than those of whites and the
growing numbers preponderance applies to all areas of life.

84



SALATT REFUTES CLAIMS OF BIG RUSTLING RAIDS

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 23 Apr 82 p 2

[Article by Gichuru Njihia and James Kuria]

[text]

cso:

AN Assistant Minister in the Office
of the President, Mr. Isaac Salatt,
yesterday denied there were fre-
quent raids by cattle rustlers on the
isumu/Nandi district. boarder.
He was answering a question
: from the Winam M.P., Mr. Peter
: Anyumba, who sought to know
whether the Minister was aware
that on the night of April 4 a gang
of about 60 cattle rustlers from

Nandi District crossed into Kisumu
District and killed Mr. Oduor, who
twas an employee of the Kenya
Railways, and beat a second person
whom they left for dead.

Mr. Anyumba ‘also wanted to
know what had been done to bring
the culprits to book, and- what
immediate steps had been taken to
\sop the frequent raids and lawless-
iness at the border.

1

"Mr. Salatt said he was not aware
of any cattle raids by 60 rustlers, but
‘added he was aware that on the day
in question a Mr. Oduor was killed
by a gang of five thugs.

‘Yhe thugs also attacked a
second person who managed to
run to his house and was taken
)to the New Nyanza General hos-

ital, Mr. Salatt said. But “the
‘Border js peaceful”, he added.

4700/1241

38

{Ina supplementary question,
Mr. Anyumba stressed that the
|raids were frequent and added:
"was surprised to hear of five
members of a gang”.

“Js it not fair tor the Assistant
Minister, instead of denying
there are raids, to initiate bara-
zas at the border to advise the
residents to climinate cattle rust-
ling and the lawlessness?” Mr.
‘Anyumba wondered.

But Mr. Salatt told him: “If
the M.P. has the names of the 60
cattle rustlers, he should reveal
them and action will be taken
against them”.

‘The M.P. for Nyando, Mr.
Onyango Midika, in a sup-
plementary question, asked Mr.

alatt how he knew there were
five gangsters.

Mr. Salatt replied: “We are
still investigating’.

Mr. Salatt told the M.P. for
Wundanyi, Mr. Mashengu wa
Mwachofi, the Government
would not compensate the rela-
tives of the late Marselina Wakio
who was run over by a motor
vehicle on November 6 in 1980
as investigations were con-
tinuing. :

Mr. Mwachofi had asked what
happened after the ‘accident
since no action was taken on the
culprits.

‘Mr. Mwachofi said he was
informed by police officers in the
area that the culprits were

arrested and the car, belonging .

‘to the Kenya Navy, detained at a
police station overnight but later
released. :

KENYA



NATIONAL PARTY'S PROBLEMS EXPLORED

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 5 May 82 p 11

[article by Hermann Giliomee:

(Text]

Tae split in the.

National Party, the
Squabbling in the Pro-
gressive Federal Party
and the persistent ru-
mours that factions of
“these two parties are
‘drawing closer to each
other are sure evidence
‘that South Africa is
steadily moving to-
-wards a_ political
‘realignment. -

. The era of undivided
jand unfettered Afrikaner
trule backed up by a prof-
it-making English busi-
‘ness class is finally over.

South Africa has entered
‘a transitional stage in
‘which the party political

strategies and loyalties of
‘the t are in serious

doubt. This is producing se-
ious strains within the two
‘main parties as they strug-
‘gle to grapple with new po-
‘tical realities.

The strains are biggest
iwithin the National Party.
“To blame it all on what is
sometimes called the unlo-
~vable personality of Mr P
W Botha is quite simply
wrong: inflation and the de-
clining ability of the State
to spend itself out of trouble
are responsible for much of
the present Government's
‘dilemma.

“Yet a large part of the
National Party's present
problems could be traced
back to three wrong turns
its leadership has taken.
‘The first was not to capital-
ise on the groundswell of
support Mr P W. Botha’s
werligte rhetoric in 1979
f luced but to hold back
jin the mistaken assumption
that disaffected National-
ists could be wooed back
and convinced of the need
for reform through gentle
persuasion.

To compound the error,
the leadership let the ulti-
mate split occur over the
wrong issue. Had Dr Treur-
nicht left the party in May
1980 after the Craven week
dispute he would have
found it difficult to evade
the charge that he had split
‘on a frivolous issue. But a
split on power-sharing isa
different matter.

attended a meeting last
week in Durban where Dr
Treurnicht addressed a
crowd of 1200. The propa-
ganda line was devastat-
‘ingly simple and destruc-
tive: “Five years ago they
started talking about pow-
-er-sharing in Namibia; now
ithey are talking about one
‘man one vote in an election |
which even the Marxist
jSwapo can ‘win. In 1982 they |
started talking about pow-
er-sharing in South
Africa...” I went away

79

from that more convinced
(that the Far Right has it in
lits reach to capture a third
lof the parliamentary seats
‘soon, provided discord does
‘not break out in its‘ranks.

I HE second wrong turn-

ing. was to choose the total
onslaught instead of reform
i 4s justification for a series of
{Government actions in the
military and security field.
My impression is that few in-
formed people still, take the
‘total onslaught theory
seriously.
Objectively speaking a

case could have been made
out for the total onslaught in
1977, when the term was first
used in a Defence White Pa-
r. South Africa’s main
rading partners, the United
States, Britain and Germany,
all had governments notably
unsympathetic towards
South African interests; the
international oil market was
tight, greatly reinforcing the
leverage of Third World
states on the West, and, final-
ly, South Africa’s own econo-
my was weak.

But South Africa is no long- -

er experiencing anything a|
proaching a total onslaught.
e crisis in South Africa’s
relationship with the West is
largely behind us, as R W
Johnson, author of the best-
selling “How Long Will South
Africa Survive?” argued con-

veto any move to im

SOUTH AFRICA

"Rates of Parties Hang on a Thread"]

vineingly at a receit corifer-
ence in Durban.

‘The oil glut has greatly di-
luted the ability of states like
Nigeria to pressurise the
West to act against South
Africa. t

Secondly, it is now clear
that Britain will continue to
eco-
nomic sanctions against
South Africa.

Thirdly, scholars increas-
ingly doubt the notion that
Russia has embarked upon a
deliberate strategy to desta.
bilise South Africa as soon as
possible. The Soviets are of
course aiding any processes
and movements working in
their favour in Third World
countries. .

B.. the main challenge

to the South African system
has indigenous roots and
draws its strength not from
Moscow but the racial polar-
isation of the apartheid or-
der, the vast gulf in wealth
between the top tenth and the
lowest half of the population
(according to some estimates
the biggest in the world) and
all the disabilities under
which blacks suffer.

This scepticism about the
total onslaught is not con-
fined to critics of the Govern-
ment. Even the Government
does not seem to take it seri-
ously by failing to develop a
proper total strategy to



KENYA

BRIEFS

DEPO PROVERA STUDY=--The Ministry of Health has been carrying out a study on
patients who have been using the Depo Provera contraceptive for a period of
10 years and-will soon come out with a conclusive report as to whether this
controversial drug could be used by Kenyan women, This was disclosed
yesterday by the Deputy Director of National, Family Welfare Centre, Dr
Irene Gathenji, at the opening of the Ministry's seminar of health educators
at the Kenya Science Teachers’ College. Dr Gathenji said it was the Minis-
try's concern that mother and child health was ensured, She disclosed that
the year 2000 was the Ministry's target for total health for every citizen
in Kenya, She said at the moment the Ministry was trying the use of another
contraceptives “KeNwAs {text] [Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 20 Apr 82
p 5]!

KILINDINI TONNAGE UP--The total dry general cargo handled at the pert of
Mombasa during the first quarter of this year 1982 has shown an improvement
as compared to the same period last year, This is contained in a release
from the Kenya Ports Authority (K.P.A.) Managing Director, Mr S.D. Mturi.

A total of 624,020 deadweight tonnes of dry general cargo were handled
during the first three months up to the end of March, This included 428,647
tonnes of imports and 195,373 exports, During the same period last year
the port realised 550,219 tonnes, composed of 376,710 tonnes of imports and
173,509 tonnes of exports, The performance for this year was 73,801 tonnes
higher than last year. In March this year there were 217,224 deadweight
tonnes which included 153,441 tonnes of imports and 63,783 tonnes of exports.
The output for March was 1,516 tonnes higher than in February when the
capacity was 215,708 tonnes which included 138,819 tonnes of imports and
76,889 tonnes of exports, However, the performance was better in March 1981
than the corresponding month this year. [text] [Nairobi THE STANDARD in
English 27 Apr 82 p 11]

DAIRY INDUSTRY BOOST=-The Kenya Government has signed an agreement with the
United Nations World Food Programme through which Kenya will receive a grant
of Shs, 231 million for dairy development programmes, Signing on behalf of
the Kenya Government, the Minister for Finance, Mr Arthur Magugu thanked the
world body for the donation and said Kenya aimed at self-sufficiency in milk
requirements by the year 1990, An adviser with the U.N, Food Programme in
Kenya, Mr Allen Jones, said his organisation's total aid for projects in
Kenya for the next five years was estimated at 70 million U.S. dollars. [text]
{Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 17 Apr 82 p 2]

56



counter if. Two years “ago it’
‘looked as if Mr Botha was
drawing the private sector
closer to his total strategy by
appointing some of South Af-
Tica’s top business leaders on
a Defence Advisory Board,
Recently this board was,
abolished after having met
only once.

I HE Government has:
also evinced limited enthusi-
asm for the Steyn Commis-
sion report which was sup-
posed to provide the
ideological underpinning for
the total onslaught model
and a justification for further
curbs of the Press, As André
du Toit shows in the current’
issue South African Outlook,
that commission, far from
making the notion of a total
onslaught credible, made it
look ludicrous.

Given this state of affairs
it is difficult to see how the
Government can successfully
legitimise the extension of
the military draft and securi-
ty measures as being neces-
sary to counter a total on-*
slaught. A government
‘shquid at all cost avoid grow-
ing cynicism among the pub-
lic about its justifications.

The third wrong turn the
National Party le
took was to expand military -
service for whites without in-
cluding blacks. in the ex-

‘tended military scenario.

cso: 4700/1235

adership-;

B. the end of the 70s it

became clear that the white
manpower resource base of
some 750000 on which both
the economy and the Defence
Force had to draw was too
small. ee
Either. thé Government
fad to extend the military
service for whites or it had to
draw more fully on: blacks,
who already comprise 15% of
, the Defence Force. In-view of
the serious black unemploy-"
ment it would have made‘
much more economic sense
to draw more fully on blacks.
The Government, however,
acted: on ideological consid-
-erations in ig an en-
abling measure which would

v-vastly increase” white. mili-

tary. mobilisation". ¥
It is a dreadful signal. for’.
blacks — that whites’ have «
decided to fight, not tonego-;”

5 tate. It also makes the’ task’:
~ 6f coalition-building in our?
~ political system Fasinitely:

more difficult. Any coalition
‘while: the issue“ of military”
service is not resolved will be,
exercise, for it will)
never be able to present itself,
as anything but whites flock-
ing together ina laager.
ere are those in the’
National Party who insist’
that the three wrong turns:
were right ones and that the:
pry, should stick to its guns.
jut there are also those who
have their doubts and would
Uke to have the ost Th of
issues reopened. They:
find more common ground
with ives than with,
members of their own side. ~:
‘Yet if the National Party is
‘Bow facing serious trouble

80

the prospects for the Pro-
gressive Federal Party are
also fraught with danger.
What will the PF'P do if the
Government makes a consti-
tutional proposal which is
ambivalent but may contain
elements of genuirte reform?
As the Far Right’s forces
grow, there will be increas-

ing pressures on the PFP to.

make compromises to keep

the reform process going.

Some; agonising dilemmas lie
ead.

BE first signs are that

the President's Council will
propose a multi-racial execu--
tive or supef-cabinet but
with three separate houses or
chambers for whites, col-
oured people and Asians.
Symbolically a fully-fledged
coloured or Asian cabinet
minister will be of tremen-
dous significance, but that
symbolism will quickly be-
come eroded if the: super-
cabinet is not made responsi-
ble to some super house (like,
for instance, an elected
President's Council with ini-

tially limited but growing

powers).

Secondly, in terms of the:

cornerstone of its policy the:
Progressives can only go.
along with a new: deat for:
coloured people and Asians if
a firm assurance is given
that the issue of black consti-
tutional rights can be renego-
tiated. And given its prob-
lems with the Far Right this.
is-the last thing the

+ ment would want to spell out
clearly.

There will be those in the
PFP who would be con-
cerned about any kind of deal
in which black rights were
not explicitly spelled out.
‘There will also be those in the
party who will see Govern-
Tent proposals containing
elements of genuine reform
as an opportunity for gétting
a foot in the door of reform
and using its leverage to ef-
fectively address the wron
turnings in the military call-
up and the exclusion of
blacks from the new
constitution. 5

It is my feeling that if the
Progressives do not take the
latter course they will suffer
a serious loss of electoral
‘su from a public which
Sal aot forgive Shem if they

‘'stand on the sidelines while
the Government is held in a:

alysing grip by the Far

it. The loss “of support
may be so big that the
gressives may go back to be-
ving & small party of protest!

. ich the uncompromising
have seen all. along as the
party’s proper role.

‘Yet if the Progressives go
along with proposals ema-~
nating from the President’s:
+Council without being able to
‘show that this entails demon-

‘ strable progress in the pro-
cess of reform they will run
the danger of acquiring, the’
image of. the , which
‘comes close to giving politi-:
cal opportunism a‘bad name.

The* fates of both the
National Party and the PFP
are: balanced on a knife's
edge. oe



COSAS ATTACKS ALEXANDRA EVICTIONS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 5 May 82 p 5

[article by Meshack Mot loung]

SOUTH AFRICA

time.”

In the statement Co-
sas also pointed out that
the committee chair-
man, Rev Sam Buti
once said Dr Piet
Koornhof, the Minister
of Co-operation and De-
velopment, had not only
aved Alexandra, but’
the Republic of South
Africa.

Cosas asked why then
were there ‘squatters’ all

over the country, Alex-
andra included?.

“The situation is
worsened by the so-
called ‘legals’ who, after
qualifying to stay in the
township, spy on those
who do not which results
in countless evictions.
“We abhor the’action
taken by police and the
intimidation they are
meting out to some of
these families’ who are
living in cars...

“And we repeat that
no amount of intimida-
tion, detention, pres-
sure, harassment could
deter us to fight for our

-Tights,” the statement

concluded.

[Text]. THE WEST RAND Administration Board (Wrab) and the Alexandra
Liaison Committee yesterday came under heavy attack from the Alexan-
dra branch of the congress of South African Students (Cosas) for evic-
tions taking place in the township.

In a statement the or-
ganisation said they
were disgusted about streamed into the town-
the lack of ‘sympathy’ ... ship from nowhere.”
shown by both the Wrab “It goes without say-
and the committee over. . ing that the committee
the plight ofthese fami-. which earlier promised
lies. . to help those who do not
“How on earth in a. qualify to ‘live in the."
country which claims to. township has swallowed
be Christian, can fami- Government propa
lies with children be’ -. ganda wholeheartedly
evicted into the cold -. the statement said.
with ‘no alternative ac- “:. “The :committee has
commodation? | ‘accepted the structure”
_‘‘We as students, “set up by the govern- '
firstly regarding our-° “ment which calls certain
selves as members of the "people ‘squatters’ others
society, are totally dis- ‘illegals’? and some
gruntled by this affair — 4egals’ on the basis of ;
and it is our plight to. few dates and a piece of :;
voice it out, and as citi-
zens of this country, the
families deserve to stay. ‘where’ from which thése
where they like,” the people are meant to
statement reads. .. have come? ‘

Not long ago, 100 “The categories of ‘il-
families were left home- legals’, arid ‘legals’ and‘
less in the township . ‘squatters’ are divisions’ :
when the Wrab bull- implemented by the”
dozed their homes,.and : Government’ and so we
a prominent person have a situation -where«:
said: “The liaison com- man hates man because /
mittee is not obliged to of those titles. cane
give these people shel- “We are appealing'to
ter. Most of them do not the’ community to help’:
belong in the township. . such families who may
They are people who te homeless’ for some’

CSO: ° 4700/1238

115



SADF Declines To React

A SOUTH African De-

yesterday on the report
-by the Roman Catholic
Bishops Conference on
salleged atrocities in
South West Africa.

He said the SADF
would comment only
after it had studied the
full text of the report.

"Bloodsuckers’ Who Stop at Nothing

A WIDE-RANGING attack on the
conduct of the South African secur-
ity forces, alleging brutality and in-

:timidation of South West Africans,
was made in the report on the basis

of allegations made to the bishops.
It said: “The whole complex of

‘curity forces in the operational area”

is designated by the Ovambo word
— ‘bloodsuckers’ or
” and so on.

“Not all units may be guilty of atro-
cities but the local population is in-
clined to lump all security forces to-
gether under one common label.”

°" Reports showed that it was com-
monly accepted that in searching out
Swapo terrorists — called “guerril-
las” in the report — the security
forces stopped at nothing to force in-
formation out of people.

+. “They break into homes, beat up

residents, shoot people, steal and kill ©

cattle and often pillage stores and tea
rooms.

“When the tracks of Swapo guer-
rillas are discovered by the security
forces the local people are in ‘danger
and harsh measures are intensified.

~ “People are blindfolded, taken
from their homes and left beaten up
‘and even dead by the roadside.
“Women are often raped. It is not

. unknown for a detachment to break
into a‘home and while Black soldiers

“keep watch over the family, White

* soldiers select the best-looking girls
and take them into the veld to rape

- them,” said the report.
Intimidation of the civilian popula-
tion was to be expected in the cir-

_ cumstances.

“There could hardly be any other
way of extracting information from a
population completely infiltrated by
Swapo and both sympathetic to it
and afraid of reprisals,” said the re-

port.

It was inevitable in such a popula-
tion “squeezed between two con-
tending forces” that the whole social
atmosphere would be “shot through
with suspicion”.

On reprisals, the bishops were told
‘that it was not Swapo’s policy to in-
timidate because “it is a guerrilla
army dependent on the goodwill-of
the people”.

However, if Swapo learnt that
someone was collaborating with the
security forces it issued a warning.

“And if the collaboration is seen to
continue it strikes, and it has been
known to prevent the burial of its
victims to make sure that the neigh-
bourhood gets the message,” said
the report.

On the other hand the bishops
were told that the security forces
paraded the bodies of killed Swapo
“guerrillas” by driving around with
the bodies dangling from army ve-
hicles.

The report detailed allegations of
brutality and violence by security
force members, claiming it was even
dangerous for a priest.to go out on a
sick call at night because he risked
being shot as a result of the night

curfew.

“Over and above what this army of
occupationdoes in Namibia, There
are the stories of its frequent incur-
sions into Angola in pursuit of Swa-
po guerrillas or with the object of de-
stroying their bases and stores and of
the damage and suffering caused to
the Angolan population,” it said.

In addition there had allegedly
been “deals“ between Unita and
South Africa in which millions of
rands worth of valuable timber had
been removed.

118



sufficient to meet the demands of the
finance houses who then release the rest
of the money for thé project or enter
‘into mortgage arrangements to see the

project through.
In the past, the above system worked

well enough to allow a developer to
embark on a new scheme even as the
first one was still being put together,
provided, of course, that he could
secure a new plot of land to develop. But
the high cost of meney has created some
problems. With increasing interests and
building costs, the deposits collected
from “successful” applicants have of
late proved inadequate to meet
developers’ commitments;. with the
awkward result that developers have
had to go back to the applicants and ask
them for higher deposits often after
revising the prices of the housing units
upwards. The would-be purchaser has
in turn had to approach his or her bank
or employer for an additional loan,’
usually with negative “effect, and the
result has been a ,rising bitterness in
rélations . between developer and
purchaser which . has characterised
many of the . private real estate
development schémes in Nairobi of late.
Another consequence of this’ series of
developments is that the purchaser,
when ‘he or she finally takes’ possession
of the house, wants to recoup his or her
investment quickly: hence the
astronomical rents which are currently
being charged in the city. |

HFCK AND NHC
IMPLEMENT
HOUSING
POLICIES

THE financing of housing in. Kenya is
Primarily a private sector undertaking,
but most of the housing put up by the
Private sector is in the middle and
upper-income brackets whilst the most

painful bottleneck is in the lower
income housing field, where it is
mainly the government (both : central
and local) that provides most of the
The 0
‘he government's housii ici
are implemented through a aber
bodies, principal among them being

25

the National Housing Corporation
(NHC) and Housing Finance Company
of Kenya (HFCK). The government
lent £6.7 million to the NHC in
1980/81 and £1.25 to the HFCK the
same year. The NHC built 4,085
dwelling units valued at £6.5 million in
1979, but in 1980 the number of units

to 1,628 at a value of £3.2 million. The
housing units completed in 1980 by the
corporation were much more widely
spread than in previous years, with only
about 600 units going to Nairobi,
where nearly half of the corporation's
total activities in the past had been
concentrated. Since 1965, the corpora-
tion has directly or indirectly built
about $2,000 housing units at a value
of nearly £40 million, catering for the
needs of more than 300,000. Long
term loans to purchasers for mortgage
houses built by the NHC are provided
by the HFCK.

The NHC has been the government's
main instrument for development of
low-cost housing throughout Kenya.
More than 60 per cent of the corpora-
tion's programme in 1980 was devoted
to site and service schemes for low-
income brackets. The corporation gets
its funds from government loans, inter-
national loans from bodies such as the
United States Agency for International
Development and from the sale of its
houses.

__ The other source of funds for financ-
ing housing is the HFCK, a national
mortgage company which is owned
jointly by the Kenya government and
the Commonwealth Development Cor-
poration. Most of the company’s funds
come from deposits from individual
and institutional investors who now
number more than 80,000. In the year
1981, these deposits amounted to
nearly \£35 million. HFCK has mort-
gage assets totalling nearly £39 million
in 1981 and total assets of nearly £50
million. HFCK has been the largest
sponsor of estate development in the
country, with most of its funds going
into projects put up- by the National
Housing Corporation and the Com-
monwealth Development Corporation.
Todate, HFCK has committed more
than £11 million to finance the pur-
chase of more than 18,000 housing
units in housing estate.



OPEN RESTAURANTS--A total of 118 unlicenced restaurants were exempted in
1980 and 1981 from provisions of the Group Areas Act, enabling them to serve
all races, This was disclosed by the Minister of Community Development,
Mr Pen Kotze, in a written reply to a question by Mr Colin Eglin (PFP, Sea
Point). Mr Kotze said 40 applications had been refused and five were still
under consideration. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82

p 8]

BOOKS OF LIFE--The Department of Internal Affairs had issued 4 394 253

"Book of Life" identity documents by the end of March, the Minister, Mr
Chris Heunis, said yesterday, In a written reply to a question by Mr Ken
Andrew (PFP, Gardens), Mr Heunis said 3 101 047 documents had been long
issued to Whites, 975 281 to Coloureds and 317 925 to Asians. It was esti-
mated that another 1,1-million documents had still to be issued. Of the
applications already received, 334 950 documents were outstanding. The
processing of applications took eight to ten weeks regardless of the race of
applicant, provided the forms were correctly completed, he said. [text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 8]

ASIAN TEACHERS--A total of 7 947 Asian teachers were on the same salary scales
as Whites with the same qualifications, the Minister of Internal Affairs Mr
Chris Heunis, said in reply to a question by Mr Ken Andrew (PFP, Gardens)
yesterday. ‘The number of teachers to reach salary parity has increased by
nearly 500 since April 1 this year, and 1 732 remained on scales different

to those for Whites, [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82

p 8]

MEDICAL SCHOOL--The cabinet had approved in principle the establishment of a
medical school for Indians at the University of Durban-Westville, the Minister
of Internal Affairs, Mr Chris Heunis, said yesterday. Replying in writing

to a question by Mr A.G. Thompson (NRP, South Coast), Mr Heunis said a

faculty of medicine at UDW would be established when justified. He added

that the Department of Internal Affairs was negotiating at present with the
Natal Provincial Admiiistration for the provision of training facilities for
medical students in the planning of a new hospital at Phoenix. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 8]

cs0: 4700/1173

150



CHAD

MINISTRY DENIES DISCRIMINATORY DISTRIBUTION OF MEDICINE
Ndjamena INFO CHAD in French 15 Mar 82 pp 5, 6

[Text] The "clarification" put forward by "Southern Zone professionals work-
ing in Ndjamena" regarding the memorandum of the Standing Committee has pro-
voked a rather strong reaction from the Ministry of Public Health. Ina
press communique backed up with statistics, the department angrily denies
what it terms malicious insinuations.

"The Ministry of Public Health challenges the allegations made by these so-
called professionals to the effect that the GUNT [Transitional National Union
Government] has been guilty of ‘discriminatory practices' in the distribution
of medicine. Nothing could be more false and fanciful than these slanders.

"The Ministry of Public Health, which monitors and oversees the smooth provision
of services, notes that the medicines received as donations from October to
December 1981 were judiciously distributed throughout the entire country,

except for the Ouaddai area because of the war going on in that part of the
country. In all, 110 health units have been given supplies, to wit: 5
hospitals and polyclinics, 26 medical centers, 60 infirmaries, 5 social centers,
7 military units, and 7 mobile units of the Major Endemic Disease division.
Shipping invoices exist for all these supplies, and the Ministry of Public
Health invites anyone who wants to inspect them to come to the Pharmaceutical
Directorate.

"The effort of the Ministry of Public Health to bring relief to the people of
Chad has become a reality, despite the creation of a new government. People
should be praising it rather than entrenching themselves behind obsolete
prejudices.

"The Ministry of Public Health warns everyone against any attempt to distort
the truth, and especially the writers of that notorious 'clarification' who had
neither the moral courage nor the intellectual integrity to sign their document,
the product of a tribalist-regionalist conclave. It challenges anyone to prove
there has been the least discrimination in the provision of its services or

in the allocation of responsible positions in the department.

"The only problems the Ministry of Public Health has encountered which could

have concerned the writers of the 'clarification' involve the provision of
supplies to hospitalized patients, concerning which the voluminious correspon-
dence sent to the Ministry of Finance since 14 November 1981 has gone unanswered."

9516
cso: 4719/759



ACADEMIC WARNS OF IMPENDING ‘EXPLOSION’ AT TURFLOOP

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 2 May 82 p 6

[Article by Tony Weaver]

[Text]

Speaking to the Sunday
Times from Klagenfurt this
week, Prof van Trotsenburg
‘warned that the allegedly in-
stitutionalised system of rac-
im, ‘and white domination on

e campus was
tential; ‘explosive. Pe
¢ In he echoes a similar
‘warning by Mr Justice J H
/Snyman, February 1976
when his one-man commis-
sion reported on student dis-
perbancns on the campus in

-Undemocratic

“Prof van Trotsenburg said
“the university's controversial
academic registrar, Prof J C
‘Steenekamp, was monopolis-
ieee within the
sunive and perpetuatin;
“undemocratic” practices. 6

A LEADING European educationist,
commissioned by the University of the
North to undertake a study of the uni-
‘versity, warned this week that it was
“heading towards a major explosion”.

' He also accused the university authorities of
suppressing his findings.

In the report, Professor E A van Trotsenburg, professor of
comparative education at the University of Klagenfurt in
‘Austria, alleges that the university's authorities are perpet-
tating white domination in its academic and administrative

structures.

. But the rector and vice-chancellor of Turfloop, Prof P C
*Mokgokong, said this week that the report — which is in the

ion of the Sunday Times — was still being, considered
“by the university's council and its findings would be released
“in time”.

Widely regarded as the

power hind the Turfic

e, Prof Steenekamp
named as being a member of
the Broederbond in the book,
“The Super-Afrikaners” by
Ivor Wilkins and Hans
Strydom. os

He is also a member of the
education committee of the
righ South African Bu-
reau of Racial Affairs
(Sabra).

Prof van Trotsenburg told
ome he believed Prof Steene-
ckamp could not “communi-
cate with or understand
black people”.

In 1980, the student body
and the Black Academic
Staff Association (Basa) at
Turfloop demanded the res-
ignation of Prof Steenekamp,
Ysaying he was a major calise
‘of student disturbances on

133

SOUTH AFRICA

the campus, ~~

Basa said then that Prof
Steenekamp’s attitude to-
wards black students and
;.gtaff “has consistently re-
. flected his arrogance and im-
see ncaa
; and lacl
for blacks". *Peet

alt February last year, the
j ji i
| Brof van frotsenburg to ube |
i dertake the study and recom-
Menw~changes to its”
ctr, anges to its
~The study cost the univer-
fed “about R8 000" Prot
Mokgokong. said this week,
van Trotsenbi i
lat although Prof ‘Mokeo
Kong said the report.was un-
‘der review by the university
‘council, he did not accept

that “it should ‘take m
\than a year for it to be



SOUTH AFRICA

VILJOEN SAYS SCHOOLS POLICY REVIEW AT LATER STAGE POSSIBLE
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 8

[Text]

+ DR Gerrit Viljoen, the separate _ residential
Minister of National areas, separate schools, ,
| Education, yesterday and distinct education
; Said_ the "Government departments for
remained convinced of Coloureds, Asians and
| the need for separate Whites. __
| schools and education “In the first place,
departments for -the * separate schools and,
different population especially, separate
groups. education departments,
‘ “However, the matter are an essential instru-
could be reviewed once ment and basis for en-
development levels abling these population
were more equal, he groups to: apply and
said in reply to an inter- 1 ; exercise effectively self-
jection from the PFP determination in re-
benches. H spect of their educa-
; ing to the de- tion,” he said.
bate on his Budget vote, Education could not
Dr Viljoen said al- deal with people out of
though the Govern- the context of their cul-
"ment was working to- tural backgrounds. One
| wards a__ reformed | had to realise the hard
: political dispensation and, in some respects,
!: to provide for political unpleasant fact that
“co-responsibility, the the levels of develop-
policy of the National * ment of these different
Party remained one of groups were not equal
at this stage.
cso: 4700/1173
141



CISKEL UNEMPLOYMENT=-A total of 28 500 Ciskei males--14 percent of the work
force--are jobless, according to a study by the Bureau for Market Research
of the University of South Africa. Dr J.H. Martins, who conducted the survey
on Ciskei to compare the income and spending methods of the homeland and
other independent homelands in the country' found that 64 000 citizens of
Ciskei were migrant labourers, Most only visited their families in the
homeland once a year. He said about 34 000 homeland dwellers commuted daily

~ to work outside the homelands, The estimated income per head in Bophuthats-
wana and Ciskei in 1981 was about R430 per year as against R300 in Transkei
and R230 in Venda. Bophuthatswana citizens spent 39 percent of their incomes
on food--less than citizens of other homelands. More than 88 percent of
Bophuthatswana households had a radio or a radiogram as against 64 percent
in Ciskei and 50 percent in Transkei and Venda. [Text] fchannesburg RAND
DAILY MAIL in English 10 Mar 82 p 3]

SYMPOSIUM FOR PEACE--Port Elizabeth--Delegates who attended the National
Symposium for Peace in Port Elizabeth on Saturday are to send a telegram
to the Prime Minister, Mr P.W. Botha today urging the abolition of the
Group Areas Act, the Black Trust Act and the Black Land Act, A statement
released yesterday says these acts “inhibit any long-term solution to the
housing problem and prevent the achievement of a normal housing process."
[text] [Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 10 May 82 'p 3]

CISKEL NATIONAL CHURCH-~Grahamstown-=Delegates attending the Grahamstown
Diocese Synod were warned at the weekend that the Ciskei government might be
"clandestinely" leading people to a national church, This would be done
through the practice of enforcing attendance at national conventions and
gatherings on religious holidays. A delegate from Mdantsane said the
pressure on people to attend the convention last Easter at Ntabaka Ndodo,
near Alice, had been enormous, "Everyone, including pensioners, were made
to pay R4 for the convention, Civil service employees were told that if
they refused to go they would not receive their salaries." The Grahamstown
Diocese covers the Ciskei and Transkei and includes East London and Queens=
town. The synod also heard of school children being forced to attend the
convention for 10 days, Inadequate arrangements’ had been made for food and
accommodation and the burden on teachers who were responsible for their
welfare was "beyond their calling." [Text] [Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL
in English 10 May 82 p 2]

MAKGOTLA RAIDS PLANNED--In a bid to curb the escalating crime rate in Soweto,
the makgotla crime prevention is to conduct massive’ raids in seven townships.
Addressing a crowd of about 100 residents, Mr Siegfried Manthatha, the
organisation's chairman said the raids would take place over the weekend and
was aimed at erasing the "Wire Gang" menace which is terrorising residents.
Announcing the details of the raid, Mr Manthatha said his men, numbering about
100, will start hitting "at selected spots" in Naledi and then comb through
Tladi, Moletsane, Meadowlands zone 5 and 10 and Pimville one and two, Mr
Manthatha said they were working on tip-offs and know exactly where to find
the gangsters, Mr Manthatha appealed to the South African Police not to
interfere with his men during the raid as it would be against the interest of
the people. [text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 3 May 82 p 3]

147



PC WARNS YOUTH-WINGERS

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 26 Apr 82 p 5

[text]

cso:

NYANZA P.C., Mr. Francis Cher-
ogony, has warned all Kanu youth-
wingers against over-stepping their
powers.

\

Mr. Mr. Cherogony, who was talking on secur-
between Kamu officials

ed cil servants ie the province.

4700/1241

40

KENYA

He appealed to them to continue fostering,

the unity for faster development.

special tribute to Kanu youth
for their efforts in

to exceed their powers, for if they did they.

too, would be arrested.
‘On mob justice. the P.C. said it was illegal
for the public to take the law into their own
If the exercise was

“The seminar is being attended

Rant ‘South Nyanza MPs and

sie officials from the district

yuarters. Among

hen re are the Commerce Mints
ter, Mr. John Okwanyo._

tional Affairs. Mr. Zablon
‘Okang’. an Assistant Minister for
Re Development. Scicnoe

‘Technology. Mr. Alphonee
Okuku. National Organising
Scéretary. Mr. Nathan Munoko.
National Secretary General. Mr.
Robert. Matano and Assistant
Treasurer. Mr. Harun Mutunga.



ZIMBABWE

Algeria Pledges Direct Petrol Sales
(THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82) ...scseeeesees

Briefs
Holland's Party Disbanded

159

160



KENYA

PARASTATAL DEBTS COST KENYA FIVE BILLION SHILLINGS
Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 17 Apr 82 p 4
[Editorial: "The Debts of Parastatals"]

[text]

;PARASTATAL iti have cost Kenya over Shs:
'5,000. exchange. This is a boss

“eaevalent to 5,000 se
(stay witha million ‘ings cache im forcgn
‘Kemia’s total national debts exceed Shs. 20,000

million. Of this,’no less than Shs. 12,250 million is.
tepresented by foreign borrowing. which will ul
mately 4

cs0: 4700/1241

34



LACK OF PUBLIC STAFF CREATES PROBLEMS FOR ALL
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 5 May 82 p 4

lEditorial: "Acts that Harm the Country"]

[text] : _
THE REPORT of the Commis-
sion for Administration, tabled’
in Parliament this week, makes
grim reading indeed. The staff
crisis in the public service is
getting worse - and indications
are that this decline in
manpower: availability’ wilt
continue.” © -

There are “‘alarming” staff.
losses . in‘ the ‘administrative,
clerical, professional and
technical divisions. More than
20000 posts - and these exclude
teaching posts ~ were vacant for
all races. : i :

A “substantial” number of
posts were filled by people who
did -not have: the necessary
qualifications. ** eee

Our people, who have to go°
through: so much‘ red-tape’
simply to survive -in’ this
country, must’ feel the’ pinch
even more than ‘whites. The
service that is provided will.
invariably be bad, mostly
because qualified people leave
for better jobs, and the public-
service has to make do with
what it can get - which is not
usually the best...

One only needs to go to the
Pass offices to see what we
mean. People are treated like
they are not human beings.*
They are shunted from one
office to another, from ‘one

csO: 4700/1238

114

SOUTH AFRICA

fqueue “to’.another..'The same
(story goes for' almost any
government service office. The
inefficiency that prevails in’
some of these offices must be
seen to be believed.
©, Right. now, there sare
“thousands of black matriculants
é roaming the streets looking for
‘jobs. After seeing how blacks
are treated in most government
‘offices, they: probably:-feel, or
“gee, no attraction in any public.
service job.* Yet it would not
“have béen' difficult to*find the
right people; train.them, . pay
‘them : whatthey: deserve," and
thereby keép them in the public
Services 2%) 0-0 jp pS
» Ofcourse, it: would : be
: expecting too much: of. the
‘government if we hoped to see
the vacancies created by whites
‘being filled by blacks who have -
been properly trained to do
those jobs. .
Hl This country still has not
_ realised how the politicians’
short-sightedness has harmed
this country. We will only
realise that when the whole
public service grinds to a halt
either through gross _inef-
ficiency or simple lack of staff.
Surely in these days, when
proper training of people is on
the lips of everyone, better
forward-planning is required to
correct this situation. .

f



and to 33 by 1981..A further six
factories are currently -under
construction with completion envisaged
for mid-1982/83 fiscal year. All these
factories will have the capacity to
produce 1.8 million kg. made tea per
annum. One such factory now costs
about shs. 23m. in contrast to shs. 2m.
tin 1964,

The factory construction programme
thas been financed mainly by, the
Commonwealth Development
Corporation ( CDC), the World Bank,
Opec (Organisation of Petroleum
Exporting Countries) the European
Investment Bank and the Kenya
government. Against all expectations,
the KTDA has made considerable
progress in the designing and
construction of its own factories. In
addition, the authority continues to
successfully manage its own factories.

The Tea Industry:

In comparison to rapid dévelopment
of the smallholder sector of the tea
industry, there has been only a modest
degree of expansion in the plantation
sector. The total area in the latter secior
increased from ‘17,921 hectares in 1963
to 25,850 hectares in 1980, Smallnolder
tea therefore amounts to 63 per cent of

the tea planted in Kenya. However,
most of this tea, is young and yet to
come into full. bearing. Nevertheless,
the KTDA now accounts for over one-
third of the total tea harvest. In
1982/83 KTDA growers are projected
to harvest over 188 million kilogramme
of green leaf. Weather permitting, this
rising trend is expected to continue well

into the 1980s as more young tea

becomes mature.
Kenya is now the world’s third Jargest
exporter of tea in the world after India

and Sri-Lanka. / ag

13

DROUGHT
AFFECTS
TEA YIELDS
IN. 1980 -

Background

THE year under review was an
extremely difficult period for the
Kenyan economy in general, and the
tea industry in particular. The,
economic survey for 1980 shows that
the realised gross domestic product
growth rate was only 2.4 per cent at
constant prices compared to 4.1 per
cent in 1979, 5.7 per cent in 1978 and
8.6 per cent in 1977, clearly a declining
trend.

The agriculture. sector registered a
decline in growth of 1.3 per cent in
real terms and consequently, because
of this sector's dominant position,
overall economic performance of the
country was adversely affected. As a
result of the difficulties experienced in
this and other productive sectors of
the economy, international recession
and the continued increase in the price
of crude oil, the balance of payments
position deteriorated considerably.
Under the circumstances, inflation
rose from 8.4 per cent in 1979 to 12.8
per cent in 1980.

It is under these very difficult
conditions ‘that the Kenya Tea
Development Authority (KTDA)
anerated in the year under review.

Operators:

During the year, 2,900 hectares of
tea were planted by some 7,776
smallholder tea growers thereby



IVORY COAST

YOUTH ORGANIZATION TAKEN OVER BY PARTY
Abidjan FRATERNITE-MATIN in French 2 Apr 82 p 22
[Article by Amos Diby]

[Text] The executive committe of the MEECI [Movement of Students and Pupils
of the Ivory Coast] met last Thursday, 25 March, with the chairmen of the
basic committees of the secondary schools of Abidjan and surrounding towns.
This important meeting, which was attended by Maurice Kacou, his assistants,
and a!large contingent representing the basic committees of the Movement of
Students and Pupils of the Ivory Coast, was held at the Trichville head-
quarters of the PDCI [Democratic Party of the Ivory Coast] - RDA [African
Democratic Rally].

The MEECL's series of meetings are more or less alike: they are always real
indictments of this youth movement, which is having more and more trouble
shaking off its lethargy. Lack of activity on the part of its activists has
led the political authorities to decide that it should be taken over by high-
level party organs.

While awaiting the party's takeover of the organizational and operational
aspects of MEECI, its executive committee intends to wake itself. from the
sleepy condition that recent events at the National University of the Ivory
Coast have left it in.

The executive committee therefore convened a meeting with the chairman of
the basic committees and their officers to brief them about the situation and
to enlist their cooperation.

Takeover of Organization

MEECI's president thanked the meeting for turning out in such large numbers
in response to his appeal; he indicated that this response was a measure of
the members' militant faith and long-standing faithfulness to the MEECI
cause, and he called them the rock and foundation upon which the executive
committee will build the great family of PDCI youth.

Before explaining the agenda, which focused on the rapid genesis of strike
potential, on the mobilization of activists, and on trade unions, Mr Kacou



Press Silence on Banning of 'SASPU National' Hit
(THE STAR, 4 May 82) ..csecccceceseccacecees se eeeeeeees

Protection of Information Act Examined
(Gilbert Marcus, Peter Reynolds; THE STAR, 7 May 82) ...

Tutu Comments on President's Council, Botha-Kaunda Talks
(Desmond Tutu; THE STAR, 6 May 82) ..ccscscccececcvceeee

Reagan-Brezhnev Arms Limitation Talks Backed
(Editorial; THE STAR, 4 May 82) ...cseseseeeeee see beeeee

Kwazulu Denial on Black-Spot Removal Cooperation Reported
(THE STAR, 30 Apr 82) ....sesseeeee se veeenenreeeccennces

Black-Spot Removal Plans Now 'Hush-Hush'
(THE STAR, 30 Apr 82) ..csecssececrcceeeceeeece seeeeeeee

Survey Shows Johannesburg Whites Are Conservative
(THE STAR, 6 May 82) .cssscccceccececceceeeeesensesees an

Kwazulu Land SWOP Plan Upsets Natal
(THE STAR, 6 May 82) ..sscccssccscccescceeees de eeeeeeeee

Black Mine Workers' Union Given Access to Mines
(Tony Davis; THE STAR, 6 May 82) .........

Mathews Malefane Seeks To End Deportation
(Sam Mabe; SOWETAN, 4 May 82) ...

Arbitrary Detentions, Bannings, Arrests Opposed
(SOWETAN, 3 May 82) ..

Increased Spending for Security Questioned
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 6 May 82)

Lack of Public Staff Creates Problems for All
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 5 May 82) ...sscesecscccsesecvees oe

Cosas Attacks Alexandra Evictions
(Meshack Motloung; SOWETAN, 5 May 82) ....sseseseeeeveee

Catholic Bishops' Report Accuses SA Forces of Committing
Atrocities
(Keith Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82)

Nuclear Power Is Essential for Growth, Asserts Electricity
Chief
(DIE TRANSVALER, 7 May 82) ..scccscccscceesecesseeveeees

First Foreign Development Loan for Black Area Spurs Hopes
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 27 Apr 82) ..sssccsessecceeeeees

97

98

100

102

103

104

106

108

109

110

111

113

114

115

116

120

121



LE GRANGE DISCUSSES INTERNAL SECURITY BILL

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 4

[text]

cso:

.THE Government

was determined to

ensure the safety and

welfare of all the
people of South Afri-
ca and would con-

‘tinue to give the task
‘a_high priority, the

Minister of Law and
Order, Mr Louis le
Grange, said yester-
day.

Speaking in the re-

sumed second reading
debate on the Internal
Security Bill, he said
the Bill provided a new
dispensation in security
legislation and its im-
plementation.

The Government
would not hesitate to
act, with all the means
at its disposal, against
anyone who tried to en-
danger the security and
safety of the Republic
and her people. _

“Those people who
are seeking the violent
overthrow of the exist-
ing system must take
note of this.

“The Government
will not flinch at doing
what is necessary in the
circumstances. Where

4700/1240

126

action has. to_be ‘taken,

if i; The Bill, Me LeGran-
‘ge said, was the result
‘of an ‘in-depth investi-
gation into South-Afri-
.ca’s security legislation
by an independent com-
mission of inquiry (the
Rabie Commission).

{> It defined, .among
fother . ‘things, new
crimes ‘which: replaced
;the- existing ones relat-
ing to the fighting of
terrorism, subversion
and sabotage.

Any . person found
‘guilty in terms of the
mew definition of ter-
‘rorism could be sen-
‘tenced to the same pen-
jalties as those provided
Hor high treason.

‘Anyone found guilty
lof subversion involving
violence could. be sen-
tenced to at least 25
;years’ imprisonment.

For sabotage the Ra-
bie Commission recom-
|mended ‘a° prison sen-
tence: ‘of ‘at’ least 20
years. This was pro-
vided for’ in ‘the legis-
lation, "MF Le’ Grange
lsaidTM

SOUTH AFRICA



BLACK-SPOT REMOVAL PLANS NOW "HUSH-HUSH"

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 30 Apr 82 p 17

[Text]

CAPE TOWN — The
Government, which still
plans to resettle hun-
dreds of thousands of
blacks under its sepa-
rate development poli-
cy is clearly in trouble.

Since the bad publi-
city, given in‘the past
to itsTM“Limehills” and
“Dimbasa’s,” reset
tlement schemes are
becoming secretive.
Before Parliament
now is a Bill to em-
power the State Pre-
sident to declare .mat-
ters being dealt. with
by the Commission for
Co-operation and Deve-
lopment — charged
with the consolidation
programme ~- to be
handled secretly by re
gulation. .

But this is not all
For the past two years
the: Government has in-
creasingly been avoid-
ing answering .ques-
tions on removals. Mr
Graham McIntosh (Pro-

For - two years- the “Government ‘has
increasingly . been avoiding answerirtg
questions on black-spot removals. A Progres-
sive Federal Party MP has gone ‘so far as

to describe this tendency to secrecy és
“evasion”. :

gressive. Federal Party,
Maritzburg. North) de
cribes it as “evasion.”
\_.: PATCHWORK
‘<The Minister of. .Co-
operation and Develop:
ment, © Dr. .Koornhot
has téld: Parliament
that in. future .the : re-
moval of “black spots”
will be dealt with ona
confidential.: ‘basis.
What he; means by -this
no one knows.:*

Over the: past few’
months, Mr. Mcintosh
has asked many -ques-
tions in’ Parliament
about planned, remov-
als, and the:. Govern:
ment has: “evaded” an-
swering them fully. :

About the‘ only’ defi:
nite answer: "has: ‘been
that there-are 75 black
spots earmarked for
clearance.) . °. 03."

But. to questions, on
when the removals will
be made, how. many
people are affected,
where they- will be re-

104

SOUTH AFRICA

moved to, and what
the cost will. be, tne.
Government is in the
main either unable or
unwilling to answer. ~

The situation in
Natal is far worse than
in other provinces.
kwaZulu. is spattered
over the province like
a pateb-work quilt.

How many “black
spots there are in
Natal not. even the De-
partment of Co-opeta-
tion and Development
can say for.sure.

Despite opposition
from nearly every sec-
tor ‘in -kwaZulu and
Natal,- the Government
ig still adamant that it
is going to implement
the policy.

In Natal, — too, the
removal of black: spots
is only part of the
story, There is. also. a
plan for massive areas
to be cleared and hun-
dreds of thousands of
people moved so that
KwaZulu canbe more
“consolidated.”



NRP REJECTS EXECUTIVE PRESIDENT IDEA

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 10

[Article by Jaap Theron]

[text]

THE NEW Repub-

:lic Party last night

rejected an ‘ex-
ecutive State
“President with un-
‘limited powers.

Speaking at an NRP
rally in the Walmer
Town Hall in Port Eliza-
beth, Mr Vauze Raw,
leader of the NRP, said
the NRP could not com-
mit ‘itself. to the far-
reaching. President’s
{Council proposal for an
executive President “
on the sole basis of the
good intentions of the
President’s Council.”

Mr Raw emphasised
that it was essential
that the Government
negotiate with other
;parties and groups so
‘that absolute clarity
and agreement on ef-
fective safeguards
against “abuse of pow-
ers by the executive
President can be clearly
establishéd.”

With this statement
Mr Raw has now joined
the ranks of every
other opposition party
as well as certain orga-
‘nisations which have all
seriously questioned
“the powers of the envi-
saged executive State
President.

. He said the coming
months would be cru-

63

» cial'and an awsome re-
: sponsibility ‘rested on
political _ leadership
? within all groups in the
negotiating Process
which must still take
place — both within and
between political par-
ties and groups.
If this first step to-
wards the new Republic
\-should be frustrated or
' fail, the consequences
would be catastrophic.
After the years of hop-
| ing and waiting, and all
_ the sincere efforts of.
those who had partici-
pated in the process
‘which had led. to. the
President’s Council pro-
posals, all the expecta-
tions would turn into
bitterness and hope-
:lessness which could
damage the cause of
moderate _ leadership

' its part to the fullest
extent to avoid that
happening.

“In our consideration

|_ of the proposals within

\ the party we will natu- ,

{“tally test each proposal’

against our own prin-:

ciples and philosophy

» but. will keep an open

| mind on differences
| which are not funda-
‘mental or unbridgable.
( The relevant NRP
\ principles are:

SOUTH AFRICA



cso:

then attorney-general, of having inter-
fered with the tender procedures for
the purchase of rolling stock for Kenya

ailways. Seroney,.Shikuku, Anyona
and 25 other political detainees were
released on Jamhuri Day, 1978, soon
after Moi became president following
‘the death of President Jomo Kenyatta:
There has been no ‘political detainee
‘in Kenya since, and Kenya has been
praised in several international quarters
for being one of the few countries‘in
the world where there are no political
detainees. Whether this will continue
to be the case will now depend on
jwhether the president feels that he
imust use his “last resort” in order to
deal with political dissidents.

Up to now, the parliamentary system
in Kenya has acted as a safety valve

‘for dissent. Without parliamentary
-immunity, that safety valve will be

more or less closed. Not that parliament
is the only safety valve in society.

4700/1239

18

There ‘are other institutions. through
which open but healthy dissent has
been tolerated in Kenya. There is the
ruling party itself. There are such
institutions as the press, the churches,
the trade unions and.others which can
and do often act as safety valves for
the political system. But without an
active parliament, these other institu-
tions are likely to be correspondingly
more muted and their value as safety
valves impaired. Already there are
calls upon Kenya’s press to stop
' publishing certain material considered
untruthful or prejudicial to harmonious
_felations between leaders even when
. sometimes what the press is publishing
is ‘no more than what the leaders
themselves are saying. In any case,
the threat of detention is bound to
have the same dampening effect on
the press:and other institutions as it is
likely to have the spirit of parliament.

a



SOUTH AFRICA

RISE IN NONGOLD EXPORTS EXPECTED
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 10 May 82 p 9
[Article by Howard Preece]

[text]

A FORECAST of
an 18% rise in non-
gold exports to
about Ril 000-mil-
lion this year is
made by the South
African Foreign
Trade Organisation.

Safto also icts a
3% increase in imports
— they were R18 171-
million in 1981.

Overall it expects a deficit
of about R3600-million on
the current account of the
balance of payments in 1982
son dace ae

, acco} e
oerve Bank, alt Safto
describes it as R4 300-
million.

That 1982 deficit is on the

cso: 4700/1235

assumption that the value of
gold output ig much the same

year as the approxima!
R8 400-million in Test,

the

ports “will be mainly due to
the lower exchange values of
the rand, Higher export vol-
umes are likely to occur in
relatively few product

ips”.

“Among those forecast for
areal increase are maize, de-
ciduous and dried fruit, vege-
table oils, sugar, mohair, fer-
roalloys, aluminium and

“Major revival in exports
is expected only when the
United States economy picks
up, leading a general upturn
in world markets.”

It points out, however, that
Japan is already buoyant and
that Opec -countries should

137

increase’ their demand for
oods in the period to mid-

“Although the downturn in
the South “African economy
will bring about lower im-
port volumes the effective
Fand devaluation is forecast
to result in a slight increase
to. 3% in the value of
imports.”

At this stage the Safto esti-
mate on imports looks as if it
could turn out to be too small.

‘According to Customs, im-
ports in. the first three
Months of this year were
‘Ré4 818-million.

Tn the January to March

riod in 1981 Customs put

em at RS 870-million.
i oe r bs hl 4
imports were up by roughly
25% in the first quarter.

Customs figures are, of
course, provisional and’ can

vary considerably from the
later official figures from the

imposition of the 10% im-
port surcharge that distorted
the figures.

suet as olf br mal
such as oil or mi ui
ment, that eould give a iis-
leading short-term
impression.

But after all those
allowances are made, it is

“clear that imports are going

to have to decline drastically
in real terms over the rest of
the year if they are'to show a
money rise of only 3%.
Should imy decline to
that extent it will also mean
that the economy will prob-
ably be close to zero growth.
e Safto estimates cer-
tainly indicate the pressures
South Africa faces on the bal-
ance of payments at present.



GUINEA

CNTG CELEBRATES THIRTY-SIXTH ANNIVERSARY OF ITS FOUNDING
Conakry HOROYA in French No 2911, 28 Mar-3 Apr’p 27
[Article by Robert T. Millimono]

[Excerpts] On 23 March, the Guinea working class celebrated the 36th anni-
versary of the founding of its national organization: the National Confedera-
tion of Guinean Workers (CNTG).

This year the two themes of the event were production and sanitation. In

fact, production, a watchword dear to our party, must find concrete and ef-
fective application in our daily life. This is all the more true since such
ambitious development can be achieved only through work, and this through the
rational organization and overall mobilization of everyone's energy and through
the honest management of the fruits of labor.

Thus, zeal and self-sacrifice in work and integrity and honesty in the manage-
ment of the people's attainments are the elements required to promote a
national economy--elements which subsequently imply an intensification of the
struggle against those who are consciously counterproductive and who joke
“about the subject or work. In this group there are those who, through laziness
or indifference, are ruining the technical equipment in our plants and yards;
there aré the rats who are pilfering the coffers of our companies and services;
there are also those who believe that economic development can be achieved
only through the massive importation of modern plants and sophisticated
equipment.

If this were true, there would be no more human labor in the industrialized
countries, as long as it were true that the degree of perfection obtained
from a machine would be sufficient to relieve man of any other production
task. Besides, such a concept is the same as the attitude of the "soldier"
who sits on his doorstep with his legs crossed, gun in hand, hoping to see
the funeral procession for apartheid and Zionism pass by. What craziness!

Now, in matters of physical well-being, the WHO is fighting on an international
level to bring basic health to everyone by the year 2000. Thus, in order to
achieve this goal, the WHO is calling for the observance of a certain amount
of discipline in this area: cleanliness, hygiene. And it was to achieve

this specific task that the CNTG invited all workers on the afternoon of 23



NEW SCHOOL FOR SOWETO'S BRIGHTEST OPENS

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 5 May 82 p 11

[Article by Martin Feinstein]

[text]

TWELVE years ago, when Jaap Strydom was
a circuit inspector in Soweto, he had a dream.

It was by no means an extravagant dream:
a school for gifted black children, where
youngsters with exceptional talents could
‘stretch their minds beyond the shoestring

teaching of the townships.

But in 1970 the idea was several years
ahead of its time, both politically and

‘educationally.

Politically, because even white pupils at
the time had'no such institutions, and educa-
tionally because there was no time, staff or

space to spoil pupils.

Last weekend, Mr Strydom — now Region-
al Director of Education and Training for the
Witwatersrand — saw his dream come true,
‘when 200 of Soweto's brightest Std 6 pupils

gathered for the official openin;
called the “Soweto Saturday Scl

of a venture

It is a modest name for a major step for-

ward in black education.

Not only does it acknowledge that black
schools, just like their white counterparts, are
dotted with bright youngsters whose surging
‘minds need constant stimulation if they are

not to rebel.

It is also a genuine attempt to close part of:
the gap between enriched white schooling —
where educational extras such as tours, chess
clubs and well-stocked libraries are taken for
granted — and impoverished black schooling,
where even a full set of textbooks is a luxury.

‘The 200 pupils wha will meet every Satur-
day from now on at the Soweto College of
Education in Pimwille, Soweto, have been
chosen from 12'000 who were given aptitude

tests last year.

They will make up four classes of about 50
Std 6 pupils and, as each class moves up a
" standard, so another 200 newcomers will take
‘their place until in 1986 the school will have

an astonishing 1 000 pupils.

It will start off with four teachers, but as its
numbers increase so staff will grow to.about

20. .

135

The subjects they wili teach include lan-
guage and- communication, applied maths
and science and general knowledge — which
will take in everything from elementary busi-
ness to public speaking and chess.

“We are fortunate to have many new and
beautiful schools in Soweto,” said Mr Stry-
dom at the opening ceremony.

bie “People look at the outside and think: this is
itt

[| “But_a school is only an empty shell. A

“school is not a building ... itis the principal,
and staff, and children .

“We have done so much for the teachers,
and we are going on with that. But I've al-
ways had the feeling that many children are
ripe and ready for an enrichment programme
such as this.” “

This is not the DET’s first attempt at en-
richment training; already this year 800 high

_ School prefects have passed through a leader-
ship course. - »

: \ “But I can’t help thinking how much better
equipped these’Fupils would be had we start-
ed when they were in Std 6.”

In a novel school such as this, the man in
charge is crucial.

Mr Stan Edkins is a bushy-browed bubezi
(lion-like man) who has come out of retire-
ment after many years as headmaster of
Grey High School in Port Elizabeth.

“{t took more than two months to prepare
the groundwork and inform and recruit chil-
dren from more than 40 schools in Soweto,” he
told me. :

“We want to give these black pupils what
their white counterparts get as a matter of
course, including educational trips to game
reserves, the sea and other places seldom
seen or experienced by black youngsters.

“What we want to do is produce Soweto
youngsters who, by matric, will have a back-

round similar to that whites have, so that
they can go on to universities or technical
colleges and compete on a more or less equal
basis.” - -



SLOW-DOWN IN GROWTH OF HOUSING IN KENYA

KENYA

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 16 Apr 82 pp 22-26

[text]

‘THE continued slump in Kenya’s
‘economy is having adverse effects on
‘housing which even at the best of times
thas been rather acute. There is some
activity still going on in Nairobi, but
‘most of it is private and aimed at the
ihigher income brackets. Public housing
schemes in the city and other urban
‘areas are crawling due to cost escalation
‘and other problems whose solution
idoes not seem to be immediately in
isight. In the meantime, the rents are
‘behaving in strict obedience to the law
‘of supply and demand, with many low
‘and medium income families having to
ipay anything up to a third of their.
imonthly earnings to their landlords.

j_ The statistics related to housing in
‘Kenya are rather dismal reading. In- 1979,
13,620 new building projects (residential
‘and non-residential) were approved in
‘Kenya at a total cost of £96.5 million.
The following year 3,775 plans were
approved at a cost of £126 million,
which says .something about the
escalating costs. More to the point,
upwards of 80 per cent of the approved
plans in 1980 were in Nairobi, whereas

sin 1979 the Nairobi proportion was 77°

per cent. In terms of money the Nairobi
Projects accounted for nearly half the
expenditures in 1979 but rose sharply to
80 per cent of the total expenditure in
the country in 1980, with residential
“buildings in the city accounting for half
the expendjtures. What. this means is
that outside Nairobi, housing
‘expenditure in Kenya actually fell
‘between 1979 and 1980 and the trend
jappears to ‘be continuing. In. 1979,

23

munigipal councils in the country (other
than the city) approved £29 million in
building plans whereas the
‘corresponding figure for 1980 was £23
jmillion only. . a

| The concentration of building
\activity in the city has not made much of
a dent in the housing problem facing
Nairobi dwellers. One of the reasons is
that most of the building activity is
through private development firms
which have been facing enormous
financial difficulties due to global
“inflation. Through the years 1976 to
1980, the private sector has been
iresponsible for between 85 and 91 per
‘cent of all building approvals in the city
out of which just over half have been
residential and mostly for the higher
income brackets. The public sector has
“busied itself with the completion of

projects. which, like the huge Umoja
‘Schemé, were startedTM before 1976.

‘According to city council sources,
Nairobi needs about 1,500 new housing
“units every year to meet the rising
‘demand for. residential housing. This
figure presumably is based on the
_assuniption that every housing unit will
accommodate at least half a dozen
ipeople, otherwise the growth rate in the
{city’s population estimated at more
‘than 7 per cent per annum would make
'nonsense of such a modest target for
housing.’ In fact, in 1980 the total
number of residential building plans
icompleted throughout the country was
not expected to exceed 1,500.

+ Another way of looking at thé
tproblem of housing in the country isto



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

HOLLAND'S PARTY DISBANDED--Harare*-The breakaway Democratic Party formed a
year ago by the former Rhodesian Front Minister, Mr Andre Holland, has been
disbanded, Earlier this month, the DP candidate, former Spiritualist and
seer, Mr Bill McLeod, lost his deposit at a by-election in Matabeleland won
by the party of the former Prime Minister, Mr Ian Smith, The DP was heavily
defeated in two by-elections last year. Mr Holland, who quit Mr Smith's
party to launch the DP said it had been his wish to see the RF split and this
had now been achieved with the defection of nine of the 20 White MPs, two

of whom have recently been appointed to hold office in the government. The
Herald newspaper which has supported Zanu (PF)'s plans for the speedy intro-
duction of a one-party state in Zimbabwe, wished Mr Holland "a good rest" and
said Whites and others should note Zimbabwe did not need any new political
groupings.--Sapa [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 p 10]

cso: 4700/1173 END

160



SOUTH AFRICA

MDANTSANE ARCHDEACON SAYS ‘CHURCH TRAPPED IN LAWS OF STATE'
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 10 May 82 p 2

[text]

4700/1235

GRAHAMSTOWN. — Angli-
can priests should not per-
form civil marriages where |
State laws on mixed mar-
riages had to be applied, but
should perform only religious
ceremonies, the Graham-
stown Diocese Synod was
“told at the weekend.
The Venerable James
icon of Mdant-
don, said the
Church found itself trapped
in the laws of the State and
had allowed itself to be dic-
tated to by the State in mat-
ters such as mixed

marriages.

wel egaily marriages
were ly necessary, he
‘believed these should be per-
formed in a court and fol-
-lowed by a church ceremony.
._ Father Gawe was support-
ing a resolution urging the
bishops of the Church to ex-
amine the question of clergy.
being licensed State mar-
riage officers.

The resolution, which was
carried by an overwhelming
majority of the nearly 200
delegates at the synod, re-
placed an earlier one urging
all clergy who were mar-
riage officers to “cease doing
the work of civil servants’
and. to concern themselves
with performing marriages
as set down in the Bible.

The Bishop of Graham-
stown, The Right Rev Ken-
neth Oram, said in reply to a
question on mixed marriages

t the Anglican Church had
consulted with eight other
churches, as well as the South
African Council of Churches,
and that concensus had
reached “on some points”.

Churches which attended
the consultation included the
Baptist, Congregational,
Meth , Prest rian, Ro-
man‘ Catholic, Nederduitse
Gereformeerde Kerk and the
NG Sen Kerk. The Her-
vormde Kerk had sent.
observers. .

92



areleased”,
{. Other than references to

‘(shortly after the rey ‘was
completed), no details of Prof

yn Trotsenburg's report
| Incoherent

«An Prof van Trot-
‘Senburg told me: “There is
‘puch an atmosphere of secre-
cy about the hoes te

‘Tam to co-0}

‘with them, but Iam mt pre.
pared to sell my soul.”

He said the situation at
‘Turfloop was heading to-
wards “a major explosion”.

. The younger black and
‘white personnel at the uni-

wwersity were bec
trated” and he found it “un-
thinkable that the university
does not listen to its students,
At is totally undemocratic”.

Since its formation as a
“tribal university” in 1960,
‘Turfloop has constantly been
im the news as a controversial
early has

a

‘without - raajor has passed
‘tion between students and the
authorities, and the campus
has repeatedly seen cl

between students and police.
7 In Prof van Trotsenburg$

[report —"wnren he said he
‘had “toned down” and in
‘content, “expressed things
| kindly” — he says:

i. @A serious imbalance ex-,
Lists in the black/white ratio
jof academics. In February
Hast year, 63 percent of the
i aeademics v rere white and 37
‘percent black, wi per-
| cent of the senior academics
‘were white and only 12 per-
cent black. A similar situa-
tion applied to administra-
tive positions and he warned
that this could “deteriorate
into a kind of ‘class struggle’
ae. this certainly creates a
dangerous situation that can
easily explode”. (Mr Justice
Snyman came to a similar
‘conclusion in 1976).

Secrecy

@There was a serious
communication gap between
black and white staff and he
doubted whether the univer-
sity management “had the
wisdom to conciliate and not
divide” and “the responsibil-
ity for tensions ... . lies for the
time being in the hands of the

|white majority governing
this university”.

Report Has Not Been Shelved, Says Rector

“THE rector ‘and vice-chan-
cellor of the University of the
North, Prof P C Mokgokong,

this week denied that the uni-

versity had “supressed” Prof
Van Trotsenburg’s report.

“It hasn't passed through
the university council yet,
and a council committee is
still discussing the matter,”
he said.

As far as he was con-
cerned, Prof Van Trotsen-
‘burg’s study — which was
completed while he was still
dean of students _ was “a
very g report” and he
thought “many of the recom-
mendations would be
implemented”.

csO: 4700/1236

© It was “well worth” the es-

timated R8 000 spent on

bringing Prof Van Trotsen-
‘to South Africa.

f Mokgokong said lie
could not comment on the al-
legations about Prof Steene-
kamp until after a council
meeting later this month.

Prof Steenekamp refused
to comment on any of the
allegations made about him,
saying: “I have no comment
on him or his rey

“You must ask others

{ about me — I cannot com-
ment on myself.”

He also said. Prof Van_
“Wrotsenburg’s report was
“completely confidential”

134

@ “The university is in
need of a basic philosophy,

Pp
jmot determined by the past

but oriented towards
future.”

@ He found an “incoherent
system of educational statis-

ics” and all basic education-
al data was centralized in
Prof Steenekamp’s office.
Prof van Trotsenburg told
me he'believed Prof
kamp’s alleged domination of
university structures and of
its information flow ‘was
“undemocratic”.

@ There was a tendency at
Turfloop to duplicate “eso-
teric research” carried
out at the major South Afri-
can and international univer-
sities at the expense of devel-
oping programmes aimed at
serving the comunity in
which it was situated.

@There was insufficient
attention paid to “African”
‘course content and the uni-
versity suffered from an
over-emphasis on Western
cultures and academic
vaespite hi gloomy find

is -
ings, Prof van Trotsenburg
emphasises in his conclusion
that “the University of the
North could be an important
agent for change in ... re-
designing the South African
society”.

| and oittside his jurisdiction.

@ In a letter to Prof Van
‘Trotsenburg in June last
year, Prof Mol jokong said:
‘Be reassured that your re-
port has not been shelved. As
a report of this nature is ob-
viously a serious matter, it
‘cannot be dealt with on any
other level than by the coun-
cil of the university. 4
“Your report will have to
be given serious consider-
ation by the members of the
couneil which will bring out

its decision in good time.”
‘He said that “once again”
he would like to “console”
. Prof Van Trotsenburg and
requested him not to “act

overhastily”.



Viewed from this background it becomes clear that we must urgently consider
the following things in our plans for the future:

1. A dynamic development of independent black states so that the whites will
not be drowned out within their own state.

2. The unification of the two groups (coloreds and Asiatics) in South Africa
with the whites, because these two groups do not have their own country and
government machinery.

Statistics show that numbers proportions between whites, coloreds and Asians
are more or less balanced and will remain that way. By the year 2000 there
will be 12.90 percent whites as against 8.80 percent coloreds and 2.72 percent
Asiatics and by the year 2020 the whites will still make up half the population
of the other two groups. It will not be after 30 years thence that the coloreds
and Asiatics together will start exceeding our numbers, however, with the
leveling-off of their population growth the balance will probably never be dis-
turbed.

A political nation of about 11 million souls within the Republic of South
Africa is the only basis for a strong nonblack state in southern Africa.

3. However, even this state will have to develop a very close and peaceful
collaboration with the black states. The joint destiny interrelationship of
all population groups is becoming all the clearer from these figures.

Historically our policy has revolved around the concept of separateness and
self determination. The reality of numbers will render the concept of co-
determination/collectiveness a political reality all the more.

Against this background of numbers it is clear that our only options will be
a radical separation or an association policy.

A radical separation is becoming more and more nebulous as a result of many
factors: The fact of an indispensible economic integration, the untenability
of the mass displacement of people, the lack of finances to bring about the
kind of consolidation which will result in a radical separation, the loss of
certain land areas for whites which will result in the drain of their bargain-
ing power (because for the sake of their ideal of a white homeland they would
have to forfeit some of the richest tracts of land in this country), the un-
acceptability of this both internationally and internally.

The reform in our policy must therefore provide for creating a structure in
which, while preserving maximum self determination for each group, togetherness
in decision making could be made workable.

In order to succeed inthis the following model appears to me to be the most
appropriate: A form of federation between whites, coloreds and Asiatics on
a local, district and country level, together with a confederation with black
states in which the blacks are also included in the republic through a confed-
eral national council which would be concerned with common matters of interest
and which would convey decisions back to the state authorities for enactment.

85



March. A task completed, we will say, but one that merits continuity, per-
sistence, and followup.

After all, this anniversary on 23 March 1982 was well attended by workers who,
through their program of overproduction in the industrial plants, services,
and yards, showed that happiness can be achieved only through work.

Here, and closer to home, we will find the subject of this reminder in the
binding regulations of the CNR's [National Council of the Revolution] 46th
session, which adopted the Labor Charter.

"The CNR's 46th session urgently requires each manager, each managing or-
ganization, to reactivate his specific area of responsibility through adequate
initiatives to create whatever is required to adapt the work organization to
the needs of the nation and the legitimate concerns of its staff whenever
necessary, so that the youth leaving our CER's [Revolutionary Education Centers]
will find work, and work which effectively increases the material and non-
material wealth of the people;

"Requires that from now on, each active sector will see to it that work
standards are strictly applied, so that sectorial and industrial activities
can be strictly programmed in order to have the best yield and to avoid per-
sonnel surpluses and shortages;

“proclaims that the major slogan today is ‘Revolution through creative work.'
And this is why the role of the working class as a revolutionary class be-
comes decisive in all areas: a) in production; b) in the safeguarding of
public assets; c) in the research which makes possible the innovations re-
quired for progress; d) in the vigilance and revolutionary steadfastness
which guarantee the people a peaceful life, while assuring the permanent
establishment of social relations and the development of the deepest and
most concrete democracy."

This brief declaration establishes the size and extent of the tasks which
are incumbent on each worker and on all workers, as well as the privileged
place and major role of their strength, the CNTG.

“As the indestructible shield of the Revolution, the CNTG should strengthen
each worker's professional awareness, stimulate his class vigilance, and
strengthen his revolutionary steadfastness for the uncompromising protection
of the people's attainments."

As the “spearhead of the Revolution," the CNTG must make creative initiative
bloom, release productive desires, develop a spirit of innovation, and streng-
then the necessary work ethic so that at the end of the current Five-Year
Plan, each worker will have the peaceful conscience of a job well done and
the certainty of having contributed to building the society where he is
making a good life for everyone.

9693
cso: 4719/802



Is it a reasonable thing to allow various cultural groups in a just community
to have their own educational institution?

This question gave rise to heated discussions. Opinions ranged from opposing
the government's subsidizing of separate schools to taking the stand that a
cultural group is entitled to separate schools.

How non-negotiable are the so-called non-negotiable matters? The opinion was
expressed that things which are non-negotiable today can well be negotiable
the next day.

What would a large scale violent confrontation really mean? Would anybody
profit from such a thing? Would a better understanding of the disastrous con-
sequences encourage a mutual willingness to negotiate for a consensus solution?

Revolution

In discussing this the opinion was voiced that there should be a compromise
among everybody in South Africa. One of the speakers pointed out that the
cost of a revolution should be spelled out to everybody and to the blacks as
well.

In discussing what these people regard as non-negotiable Mr Boya expressed
the feelings of black people: Apartheid must be abolished and one citizenship
for all must be established in South Africa.

A colored man said that active democratic participation in the governing process
is not negotiable and striving for a unitary state is a must. A black man

said that South Africa is an heterogenous society and therefore there must

be various non-negotiable matters. White self-determination is important,

but this must not be a stumbling block for unity in South Africa. Apartheid
has violated human rights. White fears are being overemphasized.

Priority
Mr Andries Calits, an engineer at EVKOM [Electricity Supply Corporation] and
editor of CREATIVE INVOLVEMENT, summed up as follows the central thoughts at

the youth conference:

One of the most important priorities for a successful and acceptable political
order of things is the development of a common South Afrikanership.

Identifying and strengthening common grounds is urgently necessary in order
to use these as a basis for a common South Afrikanership.

7964
csO: 4701/52

91



‘entire war effort against
‘the Palestine Liberation
Organisation (PLO), just
as it is fundamental to the
British Army’s battle
against the terrorism of
the Irish Republican
‘Army (IRA) in Northern :
Ireland. '
In Israel, major depart- |
ments of some of the larg-
est universities and other
institutions are devoted to
a close study of every-
thing, however minor,
that occurs within the
PLO. Every event — liter-
ally, every handgrenade
“that is thrown by PLO ter-
“rorists — is analysed and
studied.
The situation is broadly
| the same in relation to
Northern Ireland, and
acute public awareness
| both in the province and
‘the United Kingdom of
the aims and methods of
the IRA is seen as a major
factor in overcoming
terrorism.

N.. back to our own

situation: The SADF and
the police obviously have
- their own intelligence
gathering and analytical
lepartments, but in terms
of public awareness —
that vital factor in the
success achieved ‘by both
Israel and the British in
Northern Ireland — there
is little.
A handful of academics
. — and, presumably, intel-
| ligence officers in various,
estern embassies —
seek to keep track of
trends within the ANC.
But local observers are
3 stymied in many ways,
not least by the fact that
even to possess an ANC
publication is a punish-
able offence.
Pretoria_University’s
Prof Mike Hough, head of
the Institute of Strategic

cso: 4700/1236

° Studies, aided by two re-

searchers, makes a
+ special study. But few
'" others do. And awareness,
* or lack of it, stems from
< the reality that our laws

make it an offence to do
, virtually anything in rela-
© tion to the ANC.

The media, in particu-
Jar, are hemmed in on all
sides by the law: Nothing
may be said or done that
could be interpreted as

romoting the aims of a
4: Banned organisation,
‘namely the ANC. That, in
(the way things are, means
that little is said, thereby
reducing to a minimum
the chances of infringing
the law.

But there are things
that can be said — and
which at least some secu-

_ tity chiefs believe should
| be’said — if an adversai
like the ANC is to be ef-
fectively countered. Na-
‘poleon’s dictum about
“war is a simple art, alla
matter of execution” is
rhaps being overtaken
yy the realisation that in
. our context it is a very,
very complex affair, and
that to win, you first have
to understand who ‘and
» what you are fighting.

Consider, in the light of

this, the state of the ANC

day.

First is the reality that
the ANC is a puppet of the
SACP. The SACP — one of
the most Stalinist of the
world’s. communist par-
ties, supporting every out-
rage from the invasion of
Czechoslovakia to the in-
vasion of Afghanistan —
in turn is a creature of the
International Depart-
ment of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union.

The ANC-SACP alli-
ance, of course, .dates
back to 1928, when E J
Khaile, then ANC Secre-
tary-General, was elected

+ to the SACP’s central
committee.

96

Ta. , Dr Yusuf Da-

‘doo, chairman of the
SACP, is vice-chairman of
ithe ANC’s Revolutionary
Council. The Pan-African-
» ist Congress (PAC) dissi-.
dents, yf iricanis ” gut
spokenly 0) to what
they aoe WS the foreign
communist hijacking of
the ANC, remain apart.
The purpose of the
, ANC-CP alliance is total
| Fevolution.
| But how far advanced
|. is the ANC towards
| achieving this objective?
How strong is the ANC?
Most recent surveys, in-
cluding that by Prof Law-
rence Schlemmer, of
Natal University, suggest
“that the ANC enjoys sig-
| Rificant Support, though it
is probabl
that there is little under-
standing of its aims and
objectives beyond that of
simply achieving “black
| power” and overturning
jgrhite rule as we know it

ry.

A close study of recent
ANC pronouncements
suggests that the organi-
sation wants to see real
repression in SA, for this
,would serve its purpose
well. “

The main thrust of ANC
‘activity at present is two-
‘fold: First and foremost,
international recognition:
Oliver Tambo, the acting
‘president, wants the sort
iof status that Sam Nu-
{Joma has, of the ANC be-
ing the “sole and authen-
tic” cepresentative of
'SA’s “oppressed millions”.
He aspires to the sort of
recognition that propelled

iFrelimo, the MPLA, and
the PAIGC to power in the
‘Portuguese territories
‘without elections.

ly fair to add’

i Con the ANC

is obviously ‘ing to ex-
pand its attacks on so-
called soft targets — out-

lyii lice stations and
the ‘li e. But in this its

, guerrillas appear to have

suffered a major setback
when compared with last
year’s “successes”. The
number of such attacks so
far this. year is vastly
down compared with last
year, and this is attribut-
ed both to successful ac-
tion by the security forces
in uncovering arms
caches in northern Natal,
and to the reality that
Swaziland, the major in-
surgency conduit, has
clam down ruthlessly
on ANC-CP activity.
Nonetheless, infiltra-
tion continues, and there
are even those academics
who believe that the Sovi-
et Union is influencing

* Nujoma against an early

settlement in Namibia,
the objective being to tie
yp SA forces there for as
jong as possible in order
to allow for the infiltra-
tion of more ANC-CP
operatives and delay the
establishment of a garri-
son state in SA.

The call-up is thus a re-

| sponse to the evolving

igh. It is seen as the

answer. But, that
oft-repeated adage that
the military component of
counter-insurgency forms
only 20 percent of the to-
tal effort, the rest consist-
ing of political, economic,
psychological and social
action, remains extreme-
ly valid.

And it is in that context,
some counter-insurgency
strategists believe, that
the time may have come
to achieve greater aware-
ness of the adversary —
its aims and objectives,
warts and all.

cam
mili



has recommended a change in’

this, and we might see fewer re-
arrests.

But once more, those people’s'

freedom will not be guaranteed
if they can then be slapped with
banning orders after being
cleared by a court of law.

We can only hope that the
Government will review their
approach to this whole
situation.

Let the courts of law decide

“whether people should be sent to

jail. Let the courts of law

determine the period they have

to spend in jail. Let minimum
sentences be scrapped, so that
those who execute the law
should be in a position to weigh

each case on its merit and:

sentence passed accordingly.
Finally,, when. they have

served sentences, let them live’

. in peace.

cso:

4700/1238

112



Many of the addresses heard these days in Mbediene, Coki, Sagatta, Ndindy,
Ndoulo, Missirah, Keur Samba Kane, and other places where the head of state
meets with the peasants, shepherds, and fishermen should cause us to abandon
these readymade conceptions--we citizens who are almost always unaware of the
most basic realities of our countryside. This is also one of the lessons to
be drawn from the President of the Republic's great tour through the Louga
and Diourbel regions. And which shows, after all, that the "3 P's" [pea-
sants, shepherds, and fishermen] need assistance (this is not obvious to
everyone) more than they need management.

Thus, no one was bored during this visit--not Mr Abdou Diouf, not the members
of his entourage, not the people with whom he spoke. The open and direct
dialog which developed day by day will have enabled each side to find out
about the other, and about needs, requirements, intentions, and projects.

9693
cso: 4719/803

59



SOUTH AFRICA

DETAILS ON HISTORIC MEETING BETWEEN BOTHA-KAUNDA GIVEN

Tensions May Ease
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 1 May 82 pp 1, 2,°6
[Article by Aida Parker]

[text

[SOUTH Africa’s.his-
toric meeting with
Zambia in the Bun>

idre, to be officially

{ known as the Maroela
| summit, at least

promises an easing of

! some of the present

i savage tensions in

Southern Africa.

The official communi-
que issued after the
peace conference read
simply: “The President
‘of Zambia, Dr Kenneth
Kaunda, and the Prime
Minister of South Afri-
ca, Mr P W Botha, met
on the border between
‘South Africa and Bo-
itswana on 30th April

(982.

“At the meeting,
which lasted more than
three hours, the two
‘leaders had a frank ex-
‘change of views on the
‘situation in Southern

Africa in their search
for a peaceful solution
to the problems of the
area. .
“The issues covered
were those of Namibia
and South Africa. Both
leaders found the ex-
change of views use-
“ful”
| While the two leaders
| posed briefly for photo-
‘graphs before their

talks, Mr Botha placed
his hand in comradely

‘fashion on President

Kaunda’s shoulder. The
; whole atmosphere was
warm and friendly.

: But the obviously cor-
dial atmosphere exist-
ing between the two
/leaders both and the be-
ginning and the end of
the summit indicated
some measure of concil-
viation had been reach-
ed.

It was an emotional
moment as two of the
most powerful in
Southern Africa, both
smiling broadly, clasped
hands for the first time
under a soaring old
‘ moerala tree in a thorn-
bush clearing on the
Botswana frontier.

The now balding Dr
Kaunda, his long, hard
years now beginning to
“take their toll, and
ooking markedly older
ithan he did at the Fort
Victoria conference,
was dressed in a well-
tailored olive-drab safa-
ri suit.

Mr Botha, hatless,
cheerful and relaxed,
wore his favourite

‘ panker’s grey.

Mr Botha was accom-
panied by his Minister
of Defence, General

65

Magnus| Malan and
Minister of Foreign Af-
fairs, Mr Pik Botha.
Others in his party
| were general “ “Wessie”’
ivan der Westhuizen,
.SADF; General Johan
(Coetzee, Department of
jLaw and Order; Dr
Brand Fourie former
Director-General, De-
partment of Foreign
‘Affairs and Informa-
‘tion; Mr J van Dalsen,
' Director-General-desig-
‘mate, Foreign Affairs;
, and Mr PR Killen, Head
of the Africa Division.
Key figures in the
. Zambian delegation in-
Gluded_ Professor La-
| meck Gomak, Minister
' of Foreign Affairs; Mr
Reuben Kamanga, re-
sponsible for Foreign
Affairs in the Unip Cen-
tral Committee; Mr
, Walter Phiri, adviser,on
‘ political affairs at State
House; Mr F Chomba,
Minister of Home Af-
fairs; Mr J C M Pona-
bantu, special assist-
ant; Mr P L Kasanda,
Permanent Secretary,
Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs; Mr N N K Kalala,
Zambia High Commis-
joner to Botswana; Mr
G R Zimba, Ambassa-
idor, Ministry Head-
jquarters,; and Mr R



Before adjourning the meeting, Maurice Kacou informed the basic committee
activists that trips to the interior of the country will continue during the
vacation. This year their content will be different.

The campaign to inform and mobilize the membership will continue in the upper,
and then in the interior parts of the country.

A New Political Organizational Structure

The Movement of Students and Pupils has been losing ground over the years,
and recent events at the National University at Abidjan will only hasten its
downfall; this must be quickly avoided.

The party's president, mindful of the youths' strength and importance to a
country, has decided that youths will be included in the PDCI's orgariiza-
tional structure for youths.

Since the suspension of the National Federation of Youth Movements and Associ-
ations, MEECI has been the only youth movement, but only 25 percent of an
estimated 3 million young Ivorians are members. The other 75 percent of the
country's young people join regional or religious associations which have no
real organization.

In an interview with our colleague I.D. (issue No 571, 17 Jan 82), Minister
of Youth, Popular Education and Sports Laurent Dona-Fologo confirmed the
party's decision to take over the organization of youth, giving it a flexible
organizational structuré so as to avoid regimentation and "mechanization."

This structure has still not been set up, and everyone is aware of a silence
which is prejudicial to millions of young Ivorians waiting for the machinery
to be put in motion that will enable them to participate actively in the battle
for the economic and social development of our dear Ivory Coast.

9855
cso: 4719/830

10



UNZA 'May Have Been Justified'

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 1

[Editorial]

[text]

‘EYEBROWS will be rai-
: sed over the reported
sacking of two Danish
lecturers from the Great
East Road campus of
the University of Zam-
bia (Unza) over events
that led to the closure of
the campus late last.
month. 7
Questions will be asked as
to the wisdom, necessity
and fairness of the
action taken against
the two lecturers and
whether or not it will
ripple into resignations
by other foreign lectu-
rers purely out of sym-
pathy for the two men.
Whatever the reaction it is
time the Unza adminis-
tration had the courage
of its own convictions
and stood firmly behind

‘ its decisions through
effective and timely
public relations exer-
cises.

It should no longer con-
tinue to burn its fingers
on this score. Each
Unza crisis in the past
has been fermented
chiefly by a deplorably
lack of timely public
information from the
administration.

In the case of the two
sacked lecturers why did
the Unza administration

csO: 4700/943

: fail to come up with’ an

immediate public state-
ment fully explaining its |
action when the decision |
was taken?

We hear the decision was
made sometime last
week and confirmation
has only now reached us
through a third . party,
an official of the
embassy representing

.. the two.men,... .. {

In the event Unza’s good
name has been need-
lessly besmirched and
the two lecturers made
to appear as “‘martyrs’”
or as. innocent sacrifi-
cial lambs. Ultimately
Zambia’s image abroad
suffers.

And yet Unza may have.
been completely justi-
fied in deciding to sack
the two men. It is after
all an autonomous com-
munity.

And in defending that
autonomy it may have
to sack one or two
foreign lecturers and
critically screen any

> new foreign academic

* staff.

Unza should be authenti-
cally Zambian as much
as possible. It should
not be torn asunder by
ideologues and partisan
politicians.

Hopefully the Wesley Nyi-

154

renda commission of
inquiry into Unza which
is uow compiling its
report will put an end
to that.

The nation is. happy to
know that Unza’s Great
East Road campus is to
reopen on June 21 two
months after its regret-
table closure. We hope
that this time there will
be no recurrence of the
kind of events which led
to its closure. Never
again should the Unza
administration be led by
the nose by the student
rowdy and indisciplined
behaviour under the
guise of academic free-

- dom. It should jealously
guard its national auto-
nomy and its authority
over the students.

To that end it should make
it very clear to the stu-
dents that they apply for
admission into Unza on
an individual basis and
may be expelled or sus-
pended on that basis.

Most of all students must
not be under any illu-
sion about going to
Unza. They go there to
learn and _ to cultivate
public responsibility and
national spirit, and not

* to disobey lawful ins-
tructions.



MOTLANA CLAIMS COMMITTEE OF 10, SCA ‘STILL ACTIVE'

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 4 May 82 p 2

[Text]

cso:

4700/1235

‘ THE Soweto Committee of 10
and the Soweto Civic Associ-
ation (SCA) were “as active

/as ever” and still performing
a meaningful role in the com-

“munity, the committee’s

chairman, Dr Nthato Mot-
Jana, said yesterday.
._ In an interview with the
Rand Daily Mail, Dr Motlana
said difficulty in obtaining
suitable venues for public
meetings had forced the SCA
‘to hold small house meetings.

He alleged the authorities
were putting pressure on
churches not to allow the
SCA use of halls.

The SCA’s activity was
also obviously less than in the

it because there were no
ediate issues facing the

‘community and consequently
the association’s meetings
were not as well-attended as
in the past, he said.

93

‘There were two vacancies
‘on the Committee of 10 —
which forms the executive of
the SCA — and they would
' not be filled before the com-
mittee’s annual general
meeting later this year, Dr
_Motlana said.
He said SCA activity would
probably pick up soon. Meet-
ings were planned to explain
' the proposéd Gommunity
+ Council legislation and issues
were likely to arise as the
Community Council elections
later this year drew nearer.
Dr Motlana repeated that
the SCA would not partici-
pate in the elections — par-
ticularly under the legisla-
, tion which came before
Parliament earlier this year
; and which has been refered
| to a parliamentary select
» Committee.

SOUTH AFRICA



‘the early British settlers. It has been
,grown in Kenya on a commercial
“scale for the last 60 years. The coloni-
‘alists, however, did not allow Africans
‘to plant tea and any other cash crops,
‘such as coffee and pyrethrum, in
order to facilitate the continued
‘availability of cheap labour.

Following independence, the KTDA

was established in 1964 to promote
‘the growing of tea by small-scale
farmers in the former native lahd
units suitable for tea planting. Local
‘people in such areas were thereby
given the opportunity of receiving a
much-needed cash income. Prior’ to
ithe formation of the KTDA there was
a small pilot scheme for tea growing
under the auspices of the now defunct
special crops development authority.
Some 8,600 acres of tea were planted
under this scheme by small-scale
farmers, while the Europeans had
already planted about 44,400 acres,
making a total of 53,000 acres of tea in
the whole country at this time.

The story of Kenya's small-scale tea
development under the KTDA has been
‘one of unprecedented success. The area
under small-holder tea increased from
8,600 acres in 1964 to 132,000 acres in
1981, owned by 137,832 growers. Over
these 15 years tea development pro-
grammes were successfully imple-
mented by the KTDA, with the support
of the government.

The KTDA is currently implemen-
ting a plan under which a further
26,000 acres of tea is scheduled to be
planted during the period ending June
30, 1982. As at that date, the total
KTDA tea area will be 143,000 acres.

In comparison with the big develop-
ment of the-small-scale sector of the
tea industry, there has been little
development in the plantation sector.
The area of tea in this sector has
increased from 44,000 acres in 1964 to
61,000 acres in 1978. As at December
31, 1980 there were 199,056 acres of

tea (76,541 hectares) in Kenya comp’

4700/1239

15

Tn the 1982/83

rising 125,207 acres in the KTDA and
63,849 acres in the plantation sector.
KTDA tea now amounts to two-thirds
of all the tea planted in the republic.
Most of the tea planted by the
small-holder of the KTDA is young
and yet to come into full bearing.
Nevertheless, the KTDA now accounts
for one third of the total tea harvest in
the country. During the 1978/79
financial year the KTDA small-scale
growers harvested some 172,000,000
kilogrammes of green leaf, more than
one third of the entire Kenya crop,
which amounted to 418,500,000 kgs.
of green leaf.

year. KTDA growers
are projected to harvest 188,000,000
kilogrammes of green leaf. This rising
trend is expected to continue wellinto
the 1980s and 1990s as more young tea
becomes mature. Tea manufacturing
factories are expensive to construct
and to maintain. It costs about

shs. 23 million shillings to complete:a
processing plant of a design capacity
to manufacture 1.8 million kilogrammes
of made tea per annum, while in 1964
a similar factory cost about shs. 2
million. :

The KTDA has 33 such factories
operating now and another six are
under construction. When the whole
project is completed, the authority is
scheduled to have 39 such processing
‘plants spread in the country’s -11-tea-
growing administrative districts,

Since the KTDA started to manage

its own factories and to market its
‘own teas in the world market, high

quality teas have been made and better
prices have been realised in all markets.

_ In comparison to estate factories,
KTDA teas have generally been
regarded by experts. as better and
have, therefore, obtained higher prices.
‘ All experts in tea the world over are
‘agreed that the KTDA scheme has
been and continues to be tremendous
success.) -a



GOVERNMENT TO SOLVE PROBLEMS IN TEXTILE

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 20 Apr 82 p 14

[Article by Wangombe Wanjao]

[text]

CSO:

4700/1241

ALTHOUGH the textile industry in Kenya is still in its infacy, its
evolution in terms of top quality products, saving/earning foreign
exchange and job opportunities generated is very encouraging.
~ The industry ranks among the top employers in the country and
according to statistics released by the Government in 1980, it had capital
investement estimated at Shs. 840 million and directly employed over
20,000 people. F
In spite of a number of pressing problems ranging from stiff
competition from imported products, high duties and lack of skilled
manpower, the industry plods along in fulfilment of its main objectives:
generating employment and making the country self-reliant in textile
ucts.

‘To assist the industry attains these objectives, the government is
doing er ig Possible to rid off the industry its nagging problems so
that it sp to maturity and participate fully in the socio-economic
development of the nation.

Right from the onset of our independence the Government has
pumped a lot of money into this industry through its parastal bodies for
example: ICDC, IDB and DFCK.

Currently’ ‘Government sponsored study is being” conducted to
identify the industry's needs and problems and as mentioned elsewhere
in this supplement, the construction work of a Textile Training Institute
which will bring to an end the problem of manpower, is progressing
very well,

Indeed the future of this crucial industry to the wananchi is very
bright and according to a survey conducted in 1975, there is a

lous scope of development in all its areas. It is forecast for
instance that the production of fabric will go up from about 80 million
square metres per year at the moment to about 105 million square
metres per year by 1983.

At the moment there are approximately 140 big and small manufac-
‘turing units in the industry encompassing such areas as fibre, yarn,
fabric, garment and textile ‘made up goods’.

‘Thus it covers a very wide range of industrial sector and it is mainly
concentrated in the urban areas such as Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisurmi,
Nakuru, Eldoret, Thika and Nanyuki. :

‘The study notes that the most developed area in the industry is
garment manufacturing which had as of 1975, 50 medium and sinall
manufacturing units scattered around Nairobi and Mombasa. It also
indicates that the scope for potential growth for the other areas is

Hates .

These units make various types of knitwear and dress garment ith
innumerable designs and fashions. to cater for the requirements of
gents, ladies and children. ~

According to a survey conducted by The Standard, the industry is now
making about 90 per cent of fabrics required by the wananchi and the remaining
10 per cont of very specialised fabrics such as furnishing and-upholstone
intetlining materials, velvet and dralon furnishing materials will in the very neat
future be made locally.

But the feclings of the consumers interviewed by The Standard is that the local
textile products are overpriced and yet they do not measure in quality to those
which are imported, . .

They also note that the industry is flooding the market with similar products
such as khangas thereby creating unhealthy type of competition.

Reacting to the charges, the textile manufacturers said that high cost of raw
‘materials (local and imported), high duties on spares and loan repayments are the
primary cause of high prices of their end products.

44

KENYA



SOUTH AFRICA

DIVERGENT VIEWS EXPRESSED OVER FUTURE SOCIAL SYSTEM
Johannesburg RAPPORT in Afrikaans 18 Apr 82 p 19
[Article by Thinus Prinsloo: "Youth Looks to South Africa's Future"]

[Text] Capetown--At St Raphael, near Faure (where lepers from Robben Island
wre cared for at one time), a group of young people of all races gave full
expression to their sentiments on the future of South Africa in a 3 day meeting.
They listened to each other's divergent viewpoints, they talked about them

and began to understand each other much better and they began to put together

a credo for a common South Afrikanership.

The 35 select young persons consisting of student leaders and young professional
people, are members of the Youth Leadership Forum which is under the aegis
of Action South Africa headed by Robert Tusenius.

Out of the discussions at St Raphael, on the Cape's plains, a statement of
intentions is now being drafted...a credo on a common South Afrikanership.

This will be presented for discussion and approval toward the end of June during
the next meeting of the Youth Leadership Forum (JLF).

Fatherland

The plan is to suggest a practical manner in which the youth can be involved
in a creative and effective way in the process of bringing about a just society
with equal opportunities "in our fatherland."

In light of the discussion it is clear that such a statement of principles
will include the following aspects of life in a future South Africa: Equality
of opportunities, political rights and the right of citizens in a just politi-
cal system, protection of human rights, the future of land ownership, just
distribution of the country's resources, the future legal system, participa-
tion of the individual in the economy, freedom of the media and the freedom
of speech, religious freedom, military duty and education of the youth.

When the group parted, after the 3 day meeting, one thing was clear: Although

there were differences these young people understood each other better and
they were willing to build a new South Africa together.

89



DOCKERS PULL-OUT HITS SNAGS

Nairobi THE WEEKLY REVIEW in English 16 Apr

[text]

cso:

THE decision by Mr. Ismael Yunis to
pull the giant Dock Workers Union out
of Cotu (Central Organisation of Trade
Unions), a_move he considers will
ensure the independence of his union, is
already proving an awkward move.
Even though he is now deeply plunged
into the preliminaries of the pull-out
move he announced some two weeks
ago, both the 31-member Cotu and the
vministry of labour have now
‘emphatically contended that
withdrawal from Cotu by any of the
jaffiliate - unions. would constitute a
'violation of the presidential ministerial
commission. that proposed the
formation of Cotu in 1965.

A short while after Yunis announced
the pull‘out proposal which he
maintained was precipitated by: the
“interference” of Cotu ‘ secretary-
general, Mr. Juma Boy, into the affairs
of the dockers, Boy retorted that the
proposed revocation of membership to
Cotu by the dockers -was out of
question. That same view was
‘maintained by Boy who told The
Weekly Review on Wednesday, “The
presidential ministerial committee
provided for one central organisation of
unions. . . . No one can pull out from
that hub”. Boy took exception to the
claim that he was trying to bar the
dockers union from transferring some
shs. 500,000 from a current account toa

4700/1239

27

KENYA

82 p 19

‘savings account claiming that the issue
thas been greatly exaggerated. Said
Boy, “My interference was only to
ensure that the transfer.of the money
was legal”.

Yunis is getting little sympathy from
ithe ministry of labour. The permanent
Isecretary in the ministry, Mr.. J.A.
|Gethenji, said Wednesday this week
\that there is no legal provision for
‘unions already ‘affiliated to Cotu to
revoke that association. “There is
‘absolutely no provision for (dogkers
union pull-out bid)” he said. Gethenji,
too, insisted that the requirement by the
presidential ministerial. commission
that all unions be affiliated to Cotu is
binding and consequently there can be
ino revocation of affiliation to Cotu by
these unions.

But even’ if Yunis were to

{hit a snag, he seems relentless in his bid

to keep Boy completely out of the’
dockers union. affairs. At a press‘
‘conference on Thursday last week;
| Yunis was threatening to sue Boy over
.claims that the latter hag not handed’
back some shs._ 143,350 previously in
one of the dockers union’s bank,
accounts in Mombasa. “I have now’
been asked by members of the union’
who contributed the.money to ask Mr.”
Boy.to hand over the money to the
union together with two plots bought’
with part of the money”, Yunis claimed_
at the press conference.



SOUTH AFRICA

GENERAL VAN DER BERGH SEEKS LEAVE TO SUE JUDGE
Johannesburg THE CIYIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 3
[article by Murray McNally]

[text]

cso:

CAPE TOWN. —Gen-
eral Hendrik van der
Bergh, former Bu-
reau for State Secur-
ity chief, yesterday
applied to the Cape
Supreme Court for
permission to sue Mr
Justice A J Lategan’
for allegedly stating
that he was either
“Mad or a liar”. |

The proposed action
concerns alleged sland-
er by Mr justice Late-'
gan, formerly Attorney- |
General of the Cape and
one of the three mem-
bers of the Erasmus
Commission of Inqury
into .the information
scandal. .

In an affidavit before
the court, Gen Van den

In terms of the Su-
preme Court Act, the
permission of the court
is required to issue a

against a
judge.

‘The application is be-
ing heard by
judges from divisions of
the Supreme Court out-
side the Cape, acting as
judges of the Cape Divi-
sion.

Mr C D de Jager, for
Gen Van den Bergh,
said it was necessary
for the judiciary, in the-
ir capacity as judges, to
enjoy protection.

But; in the ordinary
course of events, any
citizen had the right to
issue a summons
against any other.

‘The present applica-

court was told.

Gen Van den Bergh
only heard of the al-
Jeged slander long
afterwards. But, even if
the case was based on
hearsay, there were
people who could give
evidence.

“Give the applicant a
chance 'to bring his case
before a court in the
normal way,” Mr De
Jager said.

There were three

‘people against whom

Gen Van den Bergh pro-
posed to issue sum-
‘mons, two judges and a
private citizen.

“It would be an anor-
maly if he could sum-
mons one because he is
a private citizen and not
the other two.”

Bergh said the Erasmus tion was for leave to Mr H P Viljoen, SC,
Commission published summons somebody in for Mr Justice Lategan,

seri eed connection with some- said the court had to be
findi and .alleg thing allegedly said be- guided by the law and

tions,” about him.

Gen Van den Bergh
alleged that at a meet-
ing of the Junior Rap-
portryers in paarl on

June 7, 1979, Mr justice |

Lategan said of him
“We (referring to the
members of the com-
mission) could never
decide whether he was
mad or a liar.”__

4700/1240

fore he became a judge,
when he was an ordi-
nary citizen, Mr De Jag-
er said.

If gen Van den Bergh
could prove to a trial
court that the words
were said, it was likely
he would succeed in an
action for slander, the

127

legal principles.

‘He argued the appli-
cant could not simply
say he had a prima facie
case.

The court had to de-
cide whether Gen Van
den Bergh had a
reasonable prospect of
success in the proposed
action.

Judgement was re-
sel



IVORY COAST

BRIEFS

RUBBER PRODUCTION--Hevea production will reach 47,000 tons and cover a total
area of 35,000 hectares by 1985. It has been estimated that this production
could be increased to about 80,000 tons by 1990. The first industrial-scale
hevea plantations were planted in our country in 1953, but it was only

after independence that hevea was widely cultivated on a large scale in the
framework of the diversification of Ivorian agriculture. Efforts to expand
these plantations must continue so that the Ivory Coast can increase its pro-
ductive capacity. It should be noted that in 1980, Ivorian rubber was 0.46
percent of the total world production of 3.85 million tons. Our production
is 9.47 percent of the total African production of 190,000 tons. [Excerpt]
[Abidjan FRATERNITE-MATIN in French 1 Apr pp 1, 9] 9855

GRAND BEREBY PROJECT--The Southwest's 13,500-hectare agro-industrial hevea
plantation was completed--ahead of schedule--in October 1981. The project ‘
located 25 km northwest of Grand Bereby, covers nearly 40,000 hectares,
13,500 hectares of which are occupied by hevea plantations, with the rest to
be used for an industrial unit and social projects for the workers. The
industrial unit now under construction will be able to process the entire
region's output and produce 30,000 tons of rubber per year. The hevea
operation in the Southwest is more than an agricultural project. Run by the
Societe de Caoutchouc de Grand-Bereby (SOGC) [Grand-Bereby Rubber Company],
it will employ 5,000 people when operating at its normal rate. Two thousand
workers are already working there. [Excerpt] [Abidjan FRATERNITE-MATIN in
French 2 Apr 82 pp 1, 11] 9855

BEEF CONSUMPTION--Our country consumed 110,000 tons of all kinds of meat this
year, only 45,000 of which--less than half--were produced domestically.

Beef consumption is in first place by a wide margin: 60,000 tons, or over
half the total. Faced with this growing demand, our country produced only
12,000 tons. Consumption in 1979 was 100,000 tons--40,000 produced locally.
An analysis of the figures shows that beef consumption was again in first
place, with 65,000 tons, of which 55,000--2,000 of prime quality--were im-
ported. These imports cost 1.4 billion francs. Thus our dependence on im-
ported meat is costing us dearly. Total consumption is estimated at 110,000
tons, at a cost of 113.3 billion francs. [Excerpt] [Abidjan FRATERNITE-MATIN
in French 5 Apr 82 pp 1, 20-21] 9855

cso: 4719/830

11



KENYA COFFEE HARVEST TOTALLED 99,000 TONS

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 21 Apr 82 p 8

[Article by Kul Bhushan]

[Text]

CSO:

_ THE total quantity of coffee
ced in Kenya durin
1980/81 amounted to 99,71
metric tonnes, according to
1981 report of the Coffee
Board of Kenya released in
Nairobi.

‘The output was composed of
66,400 tonnes delivered during
October, 1980 to May, 1981 and

‘a further 33,300 metric tonnes
delivered as carly crop between
June and September, 1981.

‘The 1980/81 total quantities
represented an increase of 8.76
per cent over the previous year,
and was actually higher than

i estimated due to the
| 15-day extension of the closing
“date for deliveries.

‘The co-operative sector pro-
‘duced 64,007 metric tonnes
| which was 23.3 per cent higher

than the previous year while the
‘plantation sector produced
34,744 metric tonnes which rep-

4700/1241

resented a 11.1 per cent drop
from the previous year.

The overall contribution by
the co-operative sector towards
national coffee ‘output during
1980/81 was 64.8 per cent as
against 35.2 per cent from the
plantation séctor and this illus-
trates the important role that the
smallholder sector for industry is
likely to assume in the coming
years, hence the attention that
this sector should be accorded.

‘The year under review re-
corded a decline in overall quali-
ty by a drop from 19.2 per cent
of coffee in classes 1-3 in 1979/80

_to 15.45 per cent during 1980/81.

A further drop of 4.99 per cent
was recorded for classes 46
‘while coffee classiffied for clas-
ses 7-10 and “buni” increased by
3.1 per cent and 3.6 per cent

55

KENYA

from previous year’s levels re-
spectively.

‘The analysis of quality shows ,
that x weather conditions
contributed to a decline in quali-
ty, but that despite the absence
of irrigation facilities the co-
voperative sector continues to
lead in the production of top
quality coffees, the report says.

Despite harsh farining condi-
tions precipitated by the intro-
duction of export quotas, the
inflationary trends, and the
general rising cost of coffee pro-

luction, coffee growers sus-
tained their farming efforts very
commendably during the out-
going year.

Both coffee husbandry and
management practices in the
plantation section and the co-
operatives remained high as is
illustrated by the per unit area
yield performance and the
general increase in total quanti-
ties produced, said the report.



SUZMAN:

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 May 82 p 4

[text]

;: THE Internal Secur-:

| ity Bill perpetuated

+ an undeclared state
;-of emergency in

* South ica, .Mrs
Helen Suzman (PFP,
Houghton), said yes-
terday..’

Opposing the second
reading of the Bill, she
: said the provisions con-
tained in-it were: of an

emergency nature.

The Bill retained all
the most objectionable
sections of existing se-
curity legislation and

s like the Terrorism Act
» and “other Draconian
measures”, it was to be
a permanent feature of
South African law.

She. moved that the
' Bill “be read this day

six months” — one of

the strongest forms of
objection in the House.

Mrs Suzman said

there was the same ex-
;, Gusion of the interven-
‘tion of the courts,

oe

‘under ~ any circum-
stances for Section 29,

' and appeal to the

courts was on a “male
fide” basis in other
cases.

“There is no limita-
tion on the period
which a person may be
detained and held in
solitary confinement.

~“There is also no pro-
vision for a code of con-
jduct under which inter-

ae tions . can ke

eon of a detainee,
be

‘whether he will
‘charged or called:as a
witness.”

Many laws were be-
ing repealed in Sched-
ule One of the Bill.
f= “What a happy day it
Swill be for South Africa
‘when those laws are re-

aled without their be-
ing replaced by a totally.
irepulsive measure that
assembles under one

124

SOUTH AFRICA

SECURITY BILL PERPETUATES STATE OF EMERGENCY

[title all the worst fea-

tures of the laws men-
“tioned in the schedule.”

She had been aston-
ished that the Rabie
+ Commission had failed
‘o examine in depth the
“two factors that domi-
" nated the lives of detai-

nees under Section Six
of the Terrorism Act,
‘namely indefinite soli-
| tary confinement and
‘the methods of interro-

gation used by the se-
| curity police.

‘The Rabie report,
which relied heavily on
police evidence
which evaded a number

| of major. issues, was 4
| most disappointing re-
port.

“Consequently the
| pill which emanates
(from it and which we
\ are considering today is
( asad disappointment to
| those of us who hoped
; it would set South-Afri-

‘ca back on the path to
I the rule“of law.”. ..



Fe

KWAZULU LAND SWOP PLAN UPSETS NATAL

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 6 May 82 p 10

[text]

cso:

4700/1237

MARITZBURG —
Natal's four-man Execu-
tive committee has ex-
pressed “extreme dis-
pleasure”, at the pro-
posed handover of land
to Swaziland and the
exchange of land be-
tween Natal and kwaZ-
ulu.
Committee

have also s
urgent interview with
Cabinet Ministers —
expected to take place
on May 14 — to dis-
cuss the issue.

The Administrator,
Mr Stoffel Botha, has
taken the unusual step
of issuing a statement
to say he had no prior
knowledge’ of negotia-

members

tions between the Mi-

nister of ‘Co-operation
and Development, Dr
Koornhof, and Chief
Gatsha Buthelezi.

108

The issue concerns
an offer by Dr Koorn-
hof to kwaZulu to ex-
change a third of a mil-
lion hectares of land —

_incluling the Umfolozi

d” Hluhluwe game
reserves — for .th
96 000 hectare Ingwavu-
ma district, w hic
would be handed tk
Swaziland to give
access to the sea.

Mr Botha said thle
proposed exchange Of
land was not acceptable
to him. i
“The matter had wide”
implications and was,
especially of import-
ance to the people of
Natal, he said. me

It was therefore
reasonable to _ expect

that’ the central govern-
ment would consult the
province in good time.

eee

SOUTH AFRICA



MATHEWS MALEFANE SEEKS TO END DEPORTATION

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 4 May 82 p 1

[Article by Sam Mabe]

(text]

A MAN-who was d

sported to Transkei while

living with the banned
_Mrs Winnie Mandela in
{Brandfort has applied
“for a court order re-
‘straining the Govern-

ment from regarding
him as a prohibited per-

son in South Africa. _
In papers served on

the Interior Minister

and the Minister of Co-
“opeération-and Devel.

opment, Mr: Matthe'

jalefane seeks the nul
i fication of the deporta-
‘tion order served on him
in January this year, on
the grounds that he is a
South African citizen
“and has no ties with
Transk
» The deportation order
i prohibits Mr Malefane
\ from entering and re-
© maining in the Republic
of South Africa.

Mr Malefane states
that in 1980 he was de-
tained for two weeks

and released witho
being charged. On his re-

‘Tease, he was. placed in’
the custody of Mrs Man-
dela. wife of the impris-
oned ANC leader, Mr
Nelson Mandela.

csO: 4700/1238

110

He also states that in

February last year, Mrs

Mandela was charged
with breaking her ban-
ning orders by receiving
a visitor in her house at
802 New Location,
Brandfort.

At the end of the trial
held in. Bloemfontein,

\ Mrs Mandela was found
ynot guilty and dis-

charged after the magis-
trate found that Mr
Malefane was not a visi
tor in Mrs Mandela
house, but was in fact
living in the house as
another member of the

family.

On’ January ‘19 this
year, he was arrested
and taken to Bloemfon-
tein where he was
served with a deporta-
tion. order which gave
him six days to leave the

\ Republic of South Af-
“rica.

The following day he
| was escorted by two po-
licemen who handed
him over to Transkei
Government officials.

| Mr Malefane is res-
presented by Ismait
‘Ayob and Associates.

SOUTH AFRICA



Deputy Minister Voices Thoughts on Urban Blacks Problem

(DIE BURGER, 27 Apr 82) .csccsscceerccveccsccenecveeeee 122
Suzman: Security Bill Perpetuates State of Emergency

(THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82) ...csseececeseeereceeeees sees 124
Le Grange Discusses Internal Security Bill

(THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82) ...ceccccceceeecsececececucuce 126
General Van der Bergh Seeks Leave To Sue Judge

(Murray McNally; THE CITIZEN, 15 May B2) wececceeeeeece 127
PFP Stage Walkout After Attack on Suzman

(THE CITIZEN, 15 May 82) ...ccsccececeeeccvecerecveneee 128
Gazankulu's Leader Says Homeland Is Stagnating

(Hannes Ferguson; THE STAR, 30 Apr 82) ....sseeseeeeee . 129
SACC Seeks Money for Legal Fees

(Wilmar Utting; SUNDAY TIMES, 2 May 82) .....sseseeeeee 130
Overseas Workers Watch SA Harbours Union Row

(Steven Friedman; RAND DAILY MAIL, 5 May 82) ......... . 131
Small Turnout for ASB Meeting Reported

(Martin Feinstein; RAND DAILY MAIL, 10 May 82) ........ 132
Academic Warns of Impending 'Explosion' at Turfloop

(Tony Weaver; SUNDAY TIMES, 2 May 82) ......ssseeeee see 133
New School for Soweto's Brightest Opens

(Martin Feinstein; RAND DAILY MAIL, 5 May 82) ......+e- 135
Rise in Nongold Exports Expected

(Howard Preece; RAND DAILY MAIL, 10 May 82) .........- . 137
Black Medical Graduates Score Witwatersrand University

(Martin Feinstein; RAND DAILY MAIL, 28 Apr 82) ........ 138
Financing Problems of White Home-Seekers Reported

(THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ........ see eeeeeee be eeeeeeee oe 140
Viljoen Says Schools Policy Review at Later Stage Possible

(THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ...sccseecceeceeeeee deeeeeeeee 141
Six Police Generals Take Up New Posts

(Rika van Graan; THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ....... se eeeees 142
Wit Commando Man's Appeal Dismissed

(THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ...... be eeeeeeeeeee se eeeeneees . 143
Derailment of Train in Braamfontein Reported

(Marilyn Cohen; THE CITIZEN, 1 May 82) ........e00 sees 144

-f-



Market

The pressure of statistics is, among other things, forcing upon us four real-
ities:

Our country is increasingly running into greater economic sophistication,
because we are now beginning to enter a phase where the share of agricultural
and mining sectors activities will diminish, that of the industrial sector will
remain the same and that of the services sector will increase. This means

that the demand for trained "white and blue collar workers" will be increasing
dramatically, while the demand for unskilled labor will be decreasing. Whites
will not be able to satisfy the increasing demand for skilled labor. Therefore
people of other color will have to be included on a permanent basis at all
levels of the jobs structure.

Implications of this also take in the fact that education and training programs
will have to.be tackled on a large scale and at a high costs, the provisioning
of housing will be confronted with astronomic demands and job procurements
will have to take place at a high rate.

The market is another reality which we must take into view. The white share
of the market is relatively small and already considerably saturated especially
with respect to expensive consumer goods. Statistics show that the great
majority of white families already have goods such as camera equipment, sewing
machines, washing machines, refrigerators, stoves, television sets and cars.

A large scale expansion of the white market cannot therefore be expected any
more.

But the opposite is true with respect to people of other color. On the basis
of numbers, the improved income situation and an increase in cultural require-
ments, makes them the market potential of the future. For example, by 1990

the money spend on food by people of other color will be running one and one-
half times more than that of whites and by the year 2000 three times as much.

Training

Therefore, if we want to expand our economy, attain the advantages of mass
production, be internationally competitive and go for a higher living standard,
then training people of other color for our economy, the narrowing down of
wage differences and the creation of a strong nonwhite middle class (mostly
black) as a basis for an expanded market will be unavoidable.

Each of the national states themselves are now faced with the problem of too
small a market of their own for being able to produce competitively from an
economic point of view. They are therefore committed to a totally South
African market. for their economic growth. Economic integration of the pro-
duction process and of the market, in a type of free trade area, is thus
unavoidable if we want economic growth and avoid mass unemployment.

A third reality, which is helping-in this economic interdependence, is geogra-
phic in nature. It is becoming clearer and clearer that it is going to take a
lot of time for the national states to attain.a stage of self support of all
their inhabitants (if this will ever happen).

87



NYACHAE HITS AT POLITICIANS

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 15 Apr 82 pp 1, 24

[Article by Nelson Osiemo]

[text]

SOME politicians in
Coast Province are
out to wreck the
cashewnut industry in
the area, the Perma-
nent Secretary in
charge of Develop-
ment Co-ordination
and Cabinet Affairs
in the Office of the
President, Mr. Simon
Nyachae, said
‘yesterday. .
Mr. Nyachae also ac-
‘cused the politicians of
nepotism by insisting that
people from up-country
should not be allowed to

work at the Kilifi Cashew-
nut Factory.

The P.S., who is also the
chairman of the Cereals and

Produce Board, was addressing .

a Press tonference in his office
| toreact to an accusation made in
Parliament on Tuesday by the

M.P. for Kilifi South, Dr. Chi-

bule wa. Tsuma, that he and

Coast P.C., Mr. Luka Galgalo
had contributed to problems fac-
“ing the Kilifi factory.

ir. Tsuma had also alleged
that both Mr. Nyachae and Mr.

Galgalo had a vested interest in
the continuation of two com-

anies,’ Kanti Industries and
rain “Millers, to do busiriess

with the Kenya Cashewnuts Li-
mited even ‘at a loss of the
factory. .

_ Mr. Nyachae said the allega-
tions “have no substance” and

32

were “extremely wild”.
He said: “I have no interests
in Kanti Industries. I don’t even
know. where it is located. . . I
don’t even want to know”, and
added he only knew of the com-
pany through correspondence.

Mr. Nyachae: said the Kilifi
factory had been beset by poli-
tical rather than agricultural

"problems. When he took over as

Chairman’ of the Cereals and
Produce Board (C. and P. B.) in
1980, Mr. Nyachae said he found
“political agitation” demanding
that the factory should be run
entirely by people from Kilifi
District.

“J objected to the national
property being transferred and
‘owned by local people, because
this would create a bad prece-
dence. to other such national
properties,” Mr. Nyachae said,

Increase

adding “‘we agreed to increase

> their shareholding.”

“The politicians were not hap-

”*, Mr. Nyachae -explained.
he factory is jointly owned by
the Industrial and Commercial
Development Corporation

| @CD.€), Industrial Develop-

* ment Bank (1.D.B.), the C. and

“sp, B. and the Kilifi Co-operative
Union.

Mr. Nyachae said some Coast
‘politicians had objected to peo-
ple from up-country being em-

. ployed at the factory. .

“We have allowed sepior
management. people ,.to.,come
from the Coast. We “have, all
along. tried “to. avoid:p
confyéntation;”? -he, said-arid

; added that although the politi-
cians were advocating local re-

KENYA



ZAMBIA

ANGOLAN-ZAMBIAN DELEGATIONS DISCUSS BILATERAL COOPERATION

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 10 May 82 p 1

[Excerpt]

ANGOLAN President Jose Edwardo dos
Santos has hailed President’ Kaunda’s
courage in seeking a peaceful solution to
the Namibian independence dispute.

“We have confidence in Dr Kaunda as much as in
other Frontline heads of state,’’ he said.
Addressing a Press conference in Luanda President dos Santos,
an apparent reference to the recent meeting’ Dr Kaunda held
with South African Prime Minister Pieter Botha on the South
Africa-Botswana bordef, said: , ,

“In our meetings with Frontline leaders we have been'serious
in dealing with the Namibian issue and the dismantling of the
apartheid system in South Africa. .

“We appreciate the meeting undertaken by. President Kaunda
to discuss the Namibian question with Botha. We recognise
SWAPO as the sole representative of the Namibian people — and
we think South Africa has a fair role to play in resolving the in-
dependence issue of that country.”’

The Angolan leader was speaking shortly after holding five-
hours talks with his Zambian counterpart at State House central
committee conference hall.

The talks, which centred on bilateral relations between the two
countries, were held in a cordial atmosphere at which Dr Kaunda
briefed President dos Santos about his meeting he held with Mr
‘Botha.

Dr Kaunda declined to discuss the issue in detail when jour-
nalists asked what positive results he expected to come out of the
meeting with Mr Botha.

“It would not be right for
me to refer to the talks unless,
of course, we are not serious.
But being serious we refrian to
make public statements about
the discussions. Botha must be
given enough time to think
over and I hope and pray a
-solution.will come out.

President Kaunda stressed

‘that the approach was serious
yand only the future will decide
the results... - . —

cso: 4700/943

President dos Santos said
Angola appreciated the detail-
ed information given. by Dr,
Kaunda on the meeting with
Mr Botha which has aroused
great intérest throughout the’
world. .

The Angolan leader reiter-
ated that Frontline states had
always sought a just and fair

{solution to the Namibian issue
including the implementation
of the United Nations resolu-
tion 435. an!

152

“K joi press release said
the two presidents and their
delegations discussed issues
of bilateral cooperation in
political. economic, social and
cultural fields.

Affects

They reviewed the global
political and economic  situ-
ation which inevitably affects

- the nature and peace progress

| of Zambia and Angola.

| “The discussions were not

' only fruitful. but beneficial to
both parties and_ constitute
significant basis for further-
ance of the existing coopera-

| tion." the statement read in

‘English by Foreign Minister

| Professor Lameck Goma said.

| His Angolan counterpart

Paulo Jorge tead the same

document in Portuguese.

The two leaders were
unanimous on the problems
that affect Namibia, Chad and
the Western Sahara,

On the question of economic
relations, both countries noted
with satisfaction that since the

-last joint permanent commis-
sion meeting held in Lusaka
in 1979, the economic contacts
between the two nations had
developed satisfactorily.

- But the statement said full
potential to achieve even
greater progress would remain
unrealised as long as the
problem of Namibia was not
solved.

The Zambian delegation
| paid tribute to the Angolans
‘for their efforts to reconstruct
their country under difficult
conditions.



Botha: Mostly SWAPO Propaganda

cso:

4700/1240

THE Prime Minister,
Mr P W Botha, respond-
ed to the Roman Catho-
lic claim of South Afri-
can acts of atrocity in
the South West African
operational area by ex-
plaining many such al-

legations “normally
form the basis of Swapo
Propaganda.”

Archbishop Hurley
said that when allega-
tions were discussed
with the military com-
mand in South West
Africa the assurance
‘was given that follow-
up action and discipli-
mary action was taken
wherever or whenever
necessary.

Mr Botha said that
overseas visitors had
frequently visited the
operational area, and
that some of them had
been very critical of the
South African Gevern-
ment.

“But their reaction to
the security forces has
always been one of an
efficient, well disci-

iplined’ and: highly ded-
“icated force. "~~

“They are impressed
with. the sacrifices
these men are making
to make the lives of the
people in this arid and
underdeveloped region
more bearable.”

119

mainly roads

jmines;

Mr Botha detailed ex-
amples:

@ The men risked
ther lives every day to
protect the people of
South West Africa and
to clear the roads. —

@ The hospital and
education services
would come to a stand-
still if trained soldiers
were not helping them

along;

@ There was exten-
\ sive advice and help to
‘Yocal inhabitants on
‘agricultural and busi-
|ness projects; .
| @ The security
| forces were helping the
le to fight their
| worst drought yet, pro-
“viding water and other
services; and
@.The operational
area was served by 50
chaplains of 11 differ-
ent church denomina-
tions.

Mr Botha said: “War
in any manner it is
fought is something
that should be avoided.
the objective of the
South African Govern-
ment is to do every-
thing in its power to
stop the war, but not at
the expense of its in-
habitants.”



SA ROLE IN BRIDGING GAP WITH THIRD WORLD DESCRIBED

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 4 May 82 p 13

[Article by John Mulcahy]

[text]

cso:

THE strength of the
economy will I depend

increasingly
Africa’ s ably to iden-
fy opportunities pre-
sented by its mixed
first work third world
‘status.

. Mr Jan Smith, chairman of
Escom, told the Council of
Mining and Metallurgical In-
stitutions’ congress that busi-
ness leaders were playing an

int part
in regional rein fveopen, sand
first world expertise nts
technology were being >
plied with greater under-
‘Standing of third world

‘not being built with subsidies,
foreign aid | ts or token
gestures, said Mr Smith, but
‘were a natural development
‘flowing from a growing ac-
‘ceptance that the two sectors
‘were mutually dependent.

SA’s vast natural re-
‘sources were not sufficient in
‘themselves to guarantee eco-
nomic development, said Mr
Smith, pointing to other re-

in Africa “with equally

pressive ‘resources,
lagging behind in economic
development”.

“I believe South Africa’s
‘success is due to the fact that

our economy is. essentially
based on free-market

wt should be left to the poli-

4700/1235

‘ticians to determine the ia
litical destiny of SA, and
; economic destiny should be
| determined as far as possible
by, the business community.
Escom, as part of the bask:
| hess community, was com-
mitted to provic electric-
ity wherever it could be used
for the economi¢ advance-
ment of SA and its
‘neighbours.

Smith said the most re-
cent long-range forecasts
dicated e demand for
electricity in SA would con-
tinue to grow at an average
‘annual rate of well above 7%
‘and would taper off towards
the end of the century.

This ‘would require
a_doubl of Escom’s in-
stalled

oy ery pte ter 10

yeinstalled: capacity of
40 000-MW was foreseen for
1990, and by the turn of the

century Escom would need
about 80 000-MW.

Mr Smith said there had
‘been a marked shift in elec-
tricity demand over a num-
ber of years away from the
mining sector as the largest
user to the industrial sector.

from mining to
industry did not reflect a de-~

cline in electricity
‘past five years the aver

ive avera,
annual increase of Eocomn
‘suppl Hy to to the mining sector
hwas
In fi the mit sector
‘used 18 746-million kW-hours
lof electricity, and this in-
‘creased to 27 131-million kW-
A in 1981.

4

‘Tt had been estimated that
more than 50% of SA elec-

tricity was used in b in industrial

applications, about 30% in
i 15% for domestic

coal

ing available the higher
ides for markets —
contributed to allowing
‘SA’s major coal producers to
contemplate multi-product
‘mines and to achieve greater
extraction from in situ

in electricity in SA
‘was a barometer of economic
development, and measured

economically more
inelive _



POLICE STONED BY MOB, WITNESS TELLS COURT

Nairobi THE STANDARD in English 20 Apr 82 p 2

[text]

cso:

;A HOWLING mob, armed with
‘stones confronted policemen who
‘had gone to Awasi Market in Kisu-
mu District to arrest’ people who
were allegedly operating an illegal
“petrol business in the area, it was
alleged in a Kisumu court.

Police Constable Charles Lusweti,
attached to Ahero Police Station, was testify-
ing before the Acting Resident Magstae,
“Mr. Paul Muira, in a case in which five

“people have denied charges of assaulting

police officers and two civilians.

Before the court were Maricus Onyango
Adika, Joash Amimo Okech, John Ogongo
Okech, John Odoyo Atieno and William
Menya- .

Mr. Lusweti said that on January 15, 1982
= police acting on information went to Awasi
* to investigate reports that some people were
‘operating petrol business there without a

licence.

4700/1241

35

“On arrival at -Awasi, we carried out a
search on suspected premises and found five
‘drums of petrol hidden in a store behind a
shop,” he said. “

Police arrested Onyango and four others,
‘but Menya~refused to enter the. police
vehicle, he said.

‘As Menya struggled with the policemen,
the other people who had gone into the
‘vehicle jumped out and immediately a mob
armed with stones gathered around the
‘police vehicle and started throwing stones
' “hitting me,” Mr. Lusweti alleged. ‘The case
was adjourned until April 29, 1982s for
~ judgment.

the Kisumu Senior Resident
+ Magistrate, Mr. R. S. C.Omolo,
has sentenced Musa Obongo
Owuoth of Kano Location in
Kisumu District to six months”
imprisonment for attacking

police officers and aiding prison-

ers to Rey ee

He said Owuoth and his party
had no cause to’ attack the
policemen. The magistrate also
said the police witnesses tended
to exaggerate on the nature of
the attack.

KENYA