“You mean he was captured, kidnapped and then forced to commit crimes in
order to stay with them. We have a law, which has already been approved and
which will go into effect in January, on the armed bandits. Those who are
kidnapped and who commit crimes, the volunteers and the leaders--on the dis-
tinctions among them. So that we can punish them harshly."

Samora compared the activities of the so-called “armed bandits" to the
drought plague in Mozambique. He said: “We have not had such a drought for
more than 50 years. In all my life I do not recall having seen a drought
like this. Have you seen how dry the country is?” (He was speaking to the
O JORNAL correspondent.)

I asked him: “Are these the two great problems--the drought and the cutting
off of communications by the armed bandits--hindering development?"

Samora laughed ironically: "The interruption of communications? I would say
quite simply the armed bandits. The drought and the armed bandits are the
two scourges of Mozambique."

The Mozambican president then outlined the historic picture of the aggression
by South Africa and what was Rhodesia against Mozambique.

Understanding in the West

“Since we proclaimed independence, you have not followed the development of
South African participation in the actions against Mozambique. But the
precedent dates back a long time. The Portuguese government established the
capital, Lourenco Marques, in the south, and South Africa had the desire to.
take over that part of Mozambique--Maputo and Gaza." '

Samora Machel talked about the ANC, the South African movement for national
independence against apartheid, which existed long before Botha and Magnus
Malan were born, and about Nelson Mandella, "who had been in prison 20 years
before the birth of the FRELIMO.”

The Mozambican president then rapidly reviewed the beginning of the colonial
war and the liberation struggle. He was euphoric. He spoke of the entry
into Mozambique by Rhodesia "alongside the Portuguese colonial troops, on the
pretext of defending Cabora Bassa.”

Samora Machel went on to speak of the support provided to the FRELIMO by the
ZANU and later, Mozambican aid to the struggle of Zimbabwe. He concluded:
“Rhodesia did not come in, nor did South Africa. Neither of them will. It
is this entire process which the West does not understand."

I asked Samora Machel: "Mr President, do you think that after your trip to
the West and to Portugal, all of this has become clearer?"

Samora nodded yes. “The Westerners understood very well. They understood

very well, beginning with Portugal. Those who are attacking me are really
the Portuguese fascists and ultraracists who fled to join apartheid. It was

56



ZIMBABWE

QUARRY SQUATTERS TO RESIST ANY EVICTION ATTEMPTS

Bulawayo THE CHRONICLE in English 9 Jan 84 p 1

[Text] Squatters at the disused quarry site near Derbyshire Farm, 16 km
south of Harare, have said they will resist any attempts to evict them
because they have been living there for more than 30 years.

Those interviewed yesterday said they would not accept any attempts to move
them out because "we have been living here for a very long time with the
permission of the owners of this area",

“We will resist any moves to evict us because this camp was set up before
Independence. We have been living here for more than 30 years, said Cde
Kingston Murombo, who lives in the camp. [as published]

Carefully concealed behind the huge balancing rocks and clumps of trees,
the settlement escaped the recent Government blits on vagrants and squatters.

As a very closely knit society, the residents did not allow any squatters
from other areas to build homes there after most of the illegal settlements
in the greater Harare area were bulldozed in October last year.

Some of the squatters belonged to the Methodist Church and services were
conducted in the settlement almost every weekend.

“We have also set up our administrative machinery and party cells and branches
which fall under the ZANU (PF) Waterfalls District," said Cde Georgé Gaba,
who lives in the settlement.

More than 300 people live in the squatter camp. The camp has no proper
drinking water or sanitation facilities. The families used pit latrines and
get their water from a well.

They also used water that has been trapped in the large pit which was
formerly used as the quarry for bathing and washing clothes. Our corre-
spondent in Harare who visited the area yesterday found children swimming
in the dirty and stagnant water while their mothers were busy doing their
washing.

120



hh. Commander of the Southwest legion: . Colonel Dembo Abdoulaye Oumarou,
previously commander of the East gendarmerie legion; he replaces Lieutenant

Marc Nguidjol, transferred.

4. Commander of the Northwest legion: Lieutenant Colonel Marc Nguidjol,
previously commander of the Southwest gendarmerie legion; he replaces
Lieutenant Colonel Clement Ze Akono, transferred.

j. Commander of the West legion: Major Pierre Enama Essomba who is already
in that position.

8041
cs0: 3419/328

22



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
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Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than. procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



Workers and trade unions, he added, must also study policies on economic
development, regionally and nationally, and manpower training.

On the lack of strong women's participation in national trade union affairs,
Cde Soko said more than 50 women unionists who displayed leadership potential

had been sent abroad for training.

"Some had spent time at trade union colleges abroad, but they have never
showed up or even attempted to give a short report on what they learnt during
these seminars. Instead they have preferred to hide behind curtains, giving

unforgiveable and lame excuses."

Women had also been invited to participate in trade union matters, assuming
a major role, but the response had been disappointing. “Women should now
stand up and identify with their respective unions," Cde Soko said.

cso: 3400/577

116



MOZAMBIQUE

DIRECTOR DESCRIBES PROGRESS OF XAI-XAI INDUSTRIAL-TRADE SCHOOL
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 7 Jan 84 p 2

[Text] A sense of obligation fulfilled has imbued all those who, last year,
attended and taught the four courses given at the 7 September Industrial and
Trade School in Xai-Xai, namely, metal-machine working, lathe working and
milling, electricity and accounting. In an interview with our reporter, the
school's director, Henrique del Castillo, commented: "Generally speaking, the
results accrued after che first term examinations were commensurate with what
the student accomplished during the year, and it cannot be said that there was
any kind of surprise or unforeseen event."

In fact, the instructors and students who attended the Xai-Xai Industrial and
Trade School this year, in addition to problems stemming from the lack of
teaching materials and the delay in the arrival of. some instructors, also were
troubled by the introduction, for the first time, of the half-yearly system,
which replaced the quarterly system that had been in effect in previous years.
Despite the fact that, at the beginning of the year, work had started for the
organization and mental grooming of both students and teachers for this new
way of working, it was impossible to avoid obstacles. Director Henrique del
Castillo claimed: "Since this was the first year of the half-yearly system, we
encountered several organizational problems,.a.situation exacerbated-by the
delay in the arrival of certain instructors of basic subjects. As you know,
the new system entails a series of 36 consecutive weeks of classes, with only
one break a week, in addition to the strictness of the qualifications: because,
in order to be promoted, the student is required to pass all.subjects. So,
poth. students and teachers -had difficulty in gearing. themselves’ to this system,
something that ended up being reflected in the improvement itself."

However, the subject of our interview noted that the present system is efficient
and more beneficial than the previous one. "The quarterly system, which we have
followed previously, because it breaks up the school year greatly with breaks

to organize new programs, caused stoppages in the pace of the work; something
that is not occurring with the current.system, wherein both students and teachers
have sufficient time to complete their programs and to make up for any delay
that may take place."

65



FAILURE OF SETTLEMENT TALKS IN 1983 NOTED

East London DAILY DISPATCH in English 27 Dec 83 p 6

{Article by Johan van Heerden]

[Text]

‘As thie year comes to an.
end, South West Africa—
“Namibia: looks ‘back on:
‘another trail of. initia-
: elus

Pp
:an estimated ©25°000
‘Cuban and foreign mili
ary personnel:.-h
emerged as the main
issue of contention

‘peighbow:
where ‘the

‘among the major parties ~

to a settlement..."

Internally, SWA/Nami- ;

is beset by drought,
‘political and eonstitu-

tional : uncertainty, the,

> Ravages: OF awar:in..the
mofthern’zqnes and the
saftects af world-wide
economic recession: -
:’ Inthe closing stages of
1983,°a South African
“offer of ‘provisional

military ‘disengagement '

_from~ Angola. has. ‘been
rejected publicly by that
country’s MPLA Govern-
ment and Swapo; ‘and
last week the UN Secur-
ity Council censured
South Africa for military

operations in Angola,

But speaking after. the
vote, Britain's Chief UN
delegate, Sir John Thom-

son, said the South Afri-
an disengagement

pro jal. was‘an oppor-
unity. for -progress: to

t “peace.

“This matter now
needs to be dealt with in
@ co-operative. way: an
through confidential ex-
changes between the
parties,” he said.

‘Sir’ John’s ‘statement

was seen in Windhoek as

an indication that furth-
ver behind-the-scenes
negotiations would: be

conducted, -deapite  re- <

ports quoting top Ango-
lan officials as saying
Luanda ‘ “will .not. even
consider”. the Pretoria:
offer, Veo Pos

Britain voted with the
other Security Council

members in favour ofthe -

‘censure, but.the Us ab-
stained. Pot

The US is supporting

South Africa's insist-
ence that Cuban forces
and other foreign troops
be withdrawn from
Angola in reciprocity for
‘a reduction ‘of South
African forces in ‘SWA/
Namibia.

The linking of Cuban
withdrawal from Angola
and independence ‘for
SWA/Namibia “has
emerged “firmly as ‘the
king pin on which turns
the prospect of ultimate

sovereignity: for the
territory. 2.”
The linkage issue has
been widely.condemned
| by.member states of the
| UN. It has produced ten-
| sion among the partners.

id | of the five-nation West-

yer contact group — the
/US, Britain, France,
| West Germany and Cana-
-da.— who.-have. been
seeking since 1977 to
formulate and. imple-
ment a-plan for interna-
tionally. recognised. in-
dependence for SWA/
Namibia 70°"
Earlier this month, the
French External Affairs
Minister, Mr Claude
Cheysson, took France's
four contact group part:
ners by surprise with an
announcement that
France would not attend
future meetings .of the
group. st
Torn. by: civil war be-
tween the government's
forces:and Unita’s rebel
forces, Angola “argued
jthat the! Cuban’ ‘forces
had been brought to pro-
tect the’ newly indepen-
dent state from South
\African raids in 1975.

South African forces,

‘ only occupying Angolan
= goil, but ‘were’ directly
assisting. Unita.
, A’South African milit-
‘ary spokesman counter-

76

Luanda -said,. were «not -

NAMIBIA

- Claimed ‘that the coun-
try’s troops were merely
conducting “hot-pursuit
operations against Swa-

| po insurgents :who were
infiltrating -into- SWA/
Namibia from Angola.

Militarily,-Swapo this
year suffered its worst.
defeat in the 17-year-old
bush war.

Nearly 400 armed in-.
surgents of the Peoples’,
Liberation Army of
Namibia (PLAN) were.
hunted down and ‘killed’
‘by South African secur-'
ity forces during.a dis-.
astrous Swapo incursion:
campaign between:
‘February and April Ris;

year.
“Most” of thgse:: killed *
were said to. be elitist’,

PLAN ‘fighters-specially”
trained to lead the’
annual drive into the

»formerly white districts

of. SWA/Namibia: |.

Politically, SWA/
Namibia .lost:.what
semblance of autonomy.
it had in.the cental gov-
ernment with. the: res-
ignation of the chairman:
of. the: Ministers’
cil, Mr Dirk Mu :
the abolition of the terri-.
tory’s. National -Assem-
bly on January.-18 this
year: 2: ope

Simmering tensions:
between the Democratic
Turnhalle Alliance:



President of the Republic's Special Military Staff

A special military staff for the President of the Republic is hereby
established in the Office of the President of the Republic. A chief of staff
appointed by presidential order exercises authority over the special military
staff. His prerogatives are prescribed by special directive.

The President of the Republic's special military staff is. responsible for
providing security, movement, and military ceremonial services in connection
with the president's activities. It is particularly responsible for
presidential air travel and for keeping the president well informed about all
military affairs.

To this end, it monitors all activities associated with preparation and
execution of the budget, equipment and organization of the forces, regulations,
personnel management, and assignment of personnel to key positions of
responsibility. It conducts studies of those military matters that by law

and regulation are within the purview of the Office of the President of the
Republic.

It is charged with activating, in the event of a crisis or emergency, a
command center in coordination with the armed forces staff. To this end, in
peacetime it establishes and maintains security and alert liaison with. the
major operational commands and controls the movement of separate units.

It participates in the exploitation of military intelligence.

The presidential military staff is a joint staff. Its officers include
personal assistants, aides-de-camp, and technical advisers organized into
three staff sections: presidency, military affairs, and operations.

The presidency section comprises two offices: the security office and the air
office. The latter prepares and conducts missions flown by presidential
aircraft and is responsible for crew training, aircraft equipment and

maintenance.
>

The military affairs section is organized into three offices: the
administration and finance office; the technical office which deals with
military establishment and defense questions; and the plans and studies office
which deals with questions relating to correspondence, regulations,
discipline, personnel, and military ceremonies.

The operations section runs the command center. The section is organized
into three offices: the intelligence office, the logistics office, and the
operations-communications office which maintains security and alert liaison
with the major operational and territorial commands, and controls the
movement of separate units.

All previous provisions, particularly Decree No 78/445 dates 14 October 1978,
at variance with the present’ decree are hereby rescinded. Procedures for
implementation of the present decree will be established by presidential order.

12



Others do not stop hulling rice or planting corn just because it is lunch
time. They do not leave the farms just because their work is finished,
"because sometimes it is necessary to help the others."

The workers know about, but avoid discussing goals. Hence, I did not manage
to find out how many hectares there are of corn, rice, potatoes, vegetables,
tobacco, beans, sunflowers and other products.

The enterprise's director told me: "The personnel discuss what we already
have. We talk about food, because the people do not eat goals." But there
are frequent meetings to analyze the current agricultural season's work.
They are meetings that do not halt production. While they are under. way,
the tractor operators work, because it is necessary to till or harrow from
four to five hectares per day, as opposed to two and a half that were worked
on at other times.

They are also Chipembe style meetings. I attended only one, which was a
gathering of officials. The rest of the meetings were held at night, at the
home of the director or some other leader. They are meetings at. which a
section chief requests the director, or vice-versa, to discuss over-
fulfillment of the goals for the agricultural season's work.

Fruit

Chipembe has a new landscape. The streets at the enterprise headquarters
look new, because they are marked off with fruit trees. There are already
over 3,000 fruit trees among the four production units that make up the
enterprise.

I saw 2,000 chickens for the workers. The director told me that the enter-
prise also has 110 goats. The workers disclosed to me that hog raising has
already been started. I saw a corral with several head of cattle.

There is a group of fishermen that catches 50 kilograms of fish per day to
supply the workers. "It is still too little," they told me. Another group
goes hunting, and hence there is a great deal of meat in Chipembe, although
it does not yet reach everyone.

The workers receive physician's visits every 2 weeks. The houses of some of
these workers are furnished. It is bamboo or sisal furniture, but it is
comfortable.

Primary schooling is already being given in Chipenbe. During the next school
year, secondary education up to the seventh grade will be introduced.

The young people formed a soccer team. Its coach told me that the group may
possibly take part in the provincial championship next season.

There are, however, problems in Chipembe, and as evidence I can cite the
social complexity of the enterprise. In Chipembe there are former OPV's,

71



The other aspect of the Libyan strategy, an offensive expansionism, is also
not new. In 1981, its proposal for Libyan-Chadian unity was upset by its own
Chadian allies, who in November 1981 ordered the withdrawal of Libyan troops
from Chad.

In fact, there is a constant characteristic of Libya's action in Chad: it has
never allowed the Chadian forces it is supporting the least room for maneuver,
a fact that has contributed to its failure to some degree, because Libyan
expansionism has two aspects.

An appealing aspect: the achievements of the “national liberation," the
process that began with the overthrow of the feudal monarchy in September
1969. As emphasized by J. Latremoliere: "The vigor and scale of Libya's boost
to the economy, by extension and improvement of the traditional agricultural
areas, the development of new crops right in the desert, the establishment of
petrochemical, steel and cement industries served by gas pipelines, the
increase in number of light industries, the construction of a large capacity
road network, the revolution in housing with closely overlapping cubes,

in the cities, demolition to make way for construction, not to mention the
social change in a capital of 1 million people where 20 years ago trade was
almost entirely in foreign hands, are striking even to the most sceptical
observer."*

An unpleasant aspect: the presumption of the Libyans in wanting to take
control of the "Chadian revolution," to impose their orientation on it (that of
the Green Book), if necessary by resort to political assassination. Several
Chadian leaders, often regarded as the most pro-Libyan, have disappeared under
obscure circumstances: Baghalani, Brahim Youssouf, Acyl Ahmat... This
domination desire is marked by a degree of racism. Tripoli has always
preferred to rely on the Arab groups in central Chad (today the Revolutionary
Democratic Council--CDR--faction) to accomplish its objectives; The

changing alliances of a Goukouni Oueddei, Toubou of Tibesti, now allied with
Tripoli, now with Paris, reflect this approach by Libya, which has never
regarded him as an absolutely reliable ally. The omnipresent Libyan army in
Chad from December 1980 to November 1981 was regarded by the Chadian people as
an occupation army just as dominating as a French expeditionary force.

Libya's actions since June 1983 can be analyzed in the light of these two
aspects: fear of encirclement and affirmation of its expansionism.

Following the failure of the Tripoli OAU summits, Libya, isolated and

fearing that its theory of encirclement might come true, decided to rearm the
Transitional National Union Government (GUNT) of ousted President Goukouni
Queddei, who was reestablished at the end of 1982 in northern Chad, at Bardai.
Libya's objective was to impose negotiations on Hissein Habre, the implacable
opponent, and to this end his GUNT allies had to retake the BET. As usual,
Tripoli did not intend that its allies get out of hand, and limited its
support to a quantity of weapons that would not permit capture of the capital
Ndjamena. The GUNT, and particularly its president, Goukouni, wanted to bring
Habre to his knees (the famous “war of chiefs") and press the offensive
further. These disagreements doubtless explain why the dramatic breakthrough

* MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS of 20 May 1983, p 1243.

29



~ Article To

careless behavior that could harm the process of national recovery, must be
severely punished, because this involves the future of an entire nation.

Budget Law Promulgation
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 29 Dec 83 p 8

[Text] The MPR chairman-founder, President of the Republic Marshal Mobutu Sese
Seko has promulgated law No 83-009 of 27 December 1983 containing the state
pudget for the 1984 year.

The text of the law is worded as follows:

Law No 83-009 of 27 December 1983 containing the state budget for the 1984
year.

The Legislative Council has approved it.

The chairman-founder of the Popular Movement of the Revolution and president of
the Republic promulgates the law, which reads as follows:

Title I: Ways and Means Budget

Current state revenues for the 1984 year are estimated at 20,051,034,664
zaires, divided according to the table in annex 1.

Article 2.

Anticipated receipts for the 1984 year are estimated at 1,054,352 ,399
zaires, divided according to the table in annex II.

Title II: Expenditures Budget
Article 3.

Appropriations totaling 21,156,534,664 zaires are made for current expenditures
in the 1984 year. Their breakdown is shown in the table in annex III.

Article 4.

Expenditure commitments under the current expenditures budget for the 1984 year
can be made until 31 October 1984.

Article 5.

Anticipated expenditures for the 1984 year can only be made pro rata in respect
to corresponding receipts.

Article 6.

Commitment authorizations for capital expenditures for the 1984 year are
granted for a total of 21,171,021,093 zaires.

100



Examining the domestic economic and financial situation, the Central Committee
notes that a major financial effort was required to make possible the contin-
uation of the major projects slated for the 1983 portion of the 1982-1986 5-Year
Plan, in the face of the economic and financial crisis ravaging the inter-..
national community. The state's investment efforts were on a scale commensurate
with its role as the primary economic agent of the country.

As of 30 October 1983, some 88,371 million of the readjusted investment budget
of 129,458 million has been expended.

The most important projects, representing the hard core of the plan, were-all
completed, in accordance with the planned schedule.

The majority of recovery projects were completely financed, with projects under
way receiving 63.9 percent of ‘the funds projected and new projects 36 percent.

The sectoral distribution of the funds paid out or acquired corresponds to the
broad strategic lines..of the plan, which emphasizes the predominent role of
infrastructure and the productive sector. These sectors received 82 percent of
the funds expended. -

The degree of implementation of projects on the ground (roads, telecommunica-
tions, factory reconstruction...) generally reflects the extent of expenditures,
but in some cases work is further advanced.

The documents in the plan highlighted weak spots.in our national economy, par-
ticularly the fluctuating level of our oil revenue, a major source of national
wealth. The need to avoid excessive indebtedness (because of the possibility
of a drop in oil. revenues) which might ultimately compromise our development
program resulted in a plan which featured strict and concrete mechanisms of ©
control and oversight over implementation.

These. measures, part of the "flexible plan" strategy, include continuous re-
evaluation of available resources, continual adjustment.of state outlays to
those resources, and the laying down of procedures for technical and budgetary

control,

As part of that.strategy of continuous. adaptation of plan execution to economic
and financial limitations, the Central Committee examined the current economic
and financial ‘situation and prospects for 1984-1986.

Over time the economic crisis has been reflected ina decline in price per
barrel, lowered prospects for future oil production following stabilization of
worldwide demand for’ oil products, a continuation of high interest rates and
disadvantageous mechanisms for price adjustment. The result has been signifi-
cantly lower ‘oil revenue and growth in both import levels and service on the
national debt. There is little reason to believe global economic and financial
developments over the period 1984-1986 will significantly improve our position.

Despite this situation, the government in 1982 approved a major investment .
effort, exceeding by 50 percent initial projections. This effort made it ,

36



Who was the agent of instability?

We ask the South Africans to consider in these talks how long they have par-
ticipated in the struggle against our existence, our independence. The South
Africans even had a philosophy and a dictate which said: When the neighbor's
house is going to burn, he knows what he must do.”

‘Like East and West Germany'

a

Portuguese Newsmen: Mr President, do you believe that they understood this
during your trip to the West?

Samora Machel: Yes, they understood, mainly the Portuguese. They understood
that those who attack us are those ultrafascists who fled to South Africa,
who operate canteens, and who tell the armed bandits they have seen us des-
troying these canteens.... When South Africa destroys the stability of the
region, it is only carrying out the mission the West assigned it.

Portuguese Newsmen: Will this be discussed during the talks?

Samora Machel: The discussions will involve security, “economic cooperation"
(put cooperation in quotation marks)--I repeat, security, the economy, eco-
nomic relations and peace in the region will be discussed. Neither party
should attack, neither should serve as a basis for destroying stability.

This is how it should be. Like East and West Germany.

Portuguese Newsmen: What effects will this have on the ANC in Mozambique?

Samora Machel: What effects? The ANC is in South Africa. We do not have
ANC bases in Mozambique.

Portuguese Newsmen: The offices...

Samora Machel: What are the offices? It is the bases which are more impor-
tant.

Portuguese Newsmen: Obviously, the South Africans will want counterpart
measures...

Samora Machel: Obviously they will. And I know what they are. Do you think
I am a dove? (Laughter) But one thing should be clear.

First of all, South Africa will not force us to recognize the apartheid
regime. We told the Americans this when they were in Mozambique. Secondly,
South Africa will not force us to recognize the national homelands. We want
peoples and not ethnic groups, as they call them. Thirdly, South Africa will
not force us to liquidate the ANC. It is a party which is in South Africa
and is internationally recognized.

5157
CSO: 3442/231

61



--Equipment: 19.8, compared to 21.8 in 1983--down 2 billion;

--General Expenses: 10.1 billion, compared to 16.4 billion in 1983--down 6.3
billion.

--Transfer Payments: 35.3 billion, compared to 36.7 billion in 1983--down
1.4 billion.

--Contribution to investment: 40 billion,. compared to 44 billion in 1983--
down 4 billion.

The member of the political bureau, the prime minister, said in presenting the
budget for fiscal 1984 that the budget bill took into account "both planning

. priorities ard the constraints imposed by the international economic situation,
which requires scaling down of ‘the development of our oil resources."

Once the bill is voted into law by the deputies, the 1984 budget will be larger
than the one for fiscal 1983, which amounted to Fr CFA 388,967,000,000.

9516
cso: 3419/300

32



MOZAMBIQUE

COTTON EXPERTS TRAINED IN NAMPULA

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 7 Jan 84 p 2

[Text] At the present time, courses are being given in accounting and metal
machine working on the first and second level, as well as a course for dynamizers
for socialization of the rural area, at the Cotton Technical Training Center in
Namialo, Nampula Province.

Meanwhile, this year advisers were retrained to instruct cadre personnel for
socialization of the rural area, and courses were held for zone and supply
chiefs.

A total of 65 persons from the Cotton Enterprises of Cabo Delgado, Niassa and
Nampula are participating in courses in accounting, metal machine working and
dynamization. The Nampula Cotton Technical Training Center has an area of 35
hectares for growing cassava, corn and beans, an initiative aimed at easing the
food shortage.

Also to diversify the food diet, the raising of small species of animals is
being institutionalized.

Parts Warehouse

The spare parts warehouse of the Nampula Cotton Enterprise, which opened recent-
ly in Namialo, is not yet supplied with the necessary material with which to

solve immediate problems.

However, various types of material received recently from the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics, consisting mainly of attachments for farm tractors, have
been used; but this is still far removed from meeting the most pressing needs.

Meanwhile, a recent order from that socialist country, involving enormous
amounts of material for tractors and farming implements, has been virtually
left abandoned, subjected to rain and sun. The explanation for this, which

was given to us by the chief of the sector, lies in the lack of capacity of

the respective warehouse, the expansion work on which is expected to be complet-
ed in the near future.

The source reported that there is more material for heavy machinery than. spare
parts for tractors, such as injection pumps, directional rods, axle sleeves,
etc.; a fact which, at the present time, is contributing to the immobilization

of countless units.
2909
CSO: 3442/251 64



Article 7.

Payment credit of 1,494,500,000 zaires is established for capital expenditures
for the 1984 year. The breakdown is shown in the table in annex IV.

Title III: Various and Final Provisions

Article 8.

In order to cover the excess in estimated expenditure in articles 3 and 7
compared to estimated revenue in article 1, the state commissioner for finance
and budget is authorized to contract, for the 1984 year, one or several loans
for a total not to exceed 2,600,000,000 zaires.

Article 9.

The implemention of the state budget for the 1984 year must conform to the
laws, regulations, and procedures in effect.

Article 10.
The present law is effective 1 January 1984.
Done in Kinshasa, 27 December 1983.

Se-Mobutu Sese Seko
Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga, Marshal

9920
CsO: 3419/327

101



GUINEA~BISSAU

PRESIDENT DISCUSSES SUMMIT MEETING, RELATIONS WITH PORTUGAL
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 23 Dec 83 pp 22-23

[Interview with Maj Gen Joao Bernardo (Nino) Vieira, president of Guinea-
Bissau, in Bissau; date not given]

[Text] In an interview granted to 0 JORNAL in Bissau, the president of
Guinea-Bissau, Joao Bernardo (Nino) Vieira, said that expansion of the Group
of Five to include Brazil and Portugal, proposed by Portuguese Minister Jaime
Gama, is premature. "Possibly," the president told us, “we will consider the
matter at the next summit meeting in Sao Tome and Principe." In addition to
commenting on the summit meeting which has just ended in Bissau, the presi-
dent of Guinea-Bissau spoke at length during this interview on cooperation
with Portugal, to which, 0 JORNAL has learned, he will pay an official visit
late in February or early in March.

Nino's Simplicity

A simple, laconic and sympathetic man--this is the president of the republic
of Guinea-Bissau, to whose official residence in Bissau we went to meet with
hin.

Joao Bernardo (Nino) Vieira welcomed the reporter from O JORNAL in a very
austere room devoid of luxuries and decorated with small craft objects. He
was affable and welcoming, giving the lie to the image of a harsh and legen-
dary fighter of the liberation struggle era.

It is this man who will pay an official visit to Portugal next year. He is
a president who likes Portugal (his son is studying in Lisbon) and who has
taken care to ensure respect in his country for the Portuguese language,
which he learned in Guinea, after it won independence.

Nino Vieira is the picture of a Guinean citizen: calm (although he becomes
enraged by instances of lack of discipline and lack of production) and
simple. Nino Vieira is an African Marxist, with his feet well-planted on the
land he loves, a Marxist who has baptized his youngest child in a Catholic
church, and who has asked the Portuguese nuns in Bissau to take charge of the
pediatrics section at the hospital in the Guinean capital.

A charismatic but human figure, close to his people~-Maj Gen Joao Bernardo
(Nino) Vieira.

42



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84



ANGOLA

NEW PARTY MEMBERS ELECTED IN CUNENE
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 7 Dec 83 p 4

[Excerpt] The first Cunene UNTA (National Workers of ‘Angola/ Provincial
Convention, held 2 to 4 Dec in Muculom, reelected Antonio Pomba as UNTA Pro-
vincial Secretary of that Province.

The 65 participants of the first Convention also elected the UNTA Provincial
Council consisting of 25 members and its respective secretary as well as
electing the delegates to the First UNTA Congress to be held in Luanda next
April.

The first Cunene UNTA Provincial Convention approved, with some revisions,
the balance report on activities carried out by ‘the Provincial Secretary
bearing on the directions of the UNTA Third National Convention held in
1978,

The UNTA commissioner in the Cunene Province now controls around 3,794
workers including 36 business committees and 11 territorial trade union
committees,

Pedro Mutinde, the Cunene provincial commissioner, in his address stressed
the UNTA role ii awakening the working masses to the increase of production
and work productivity and lastly urged the new UNTA provincial slate to
exert even greater efforts in carrying out the party and government programs.

KWANHAMA PARTY MUNICIPAL MEETING
At the end of the session Francisco Nambalo was reelected to the office

of coordinator of the party's municipal committee. Also elected were members
of the party and of the municipal supervisory committee.

8870.
CSO: 3442/232



MALAWI

Food Aid From UN To Combat Malnutrition
(DAILY TIMES, 6 Jan 84) .eceseccccccnccvccecesvsceeeesceces

Briefs
Policy on Religious Freedom
Cloth Manufacturing

MOZAMBIQUE

Relations With USSR Still Involve Difficulties
(Alves Gomes; EXPRESSO, 24 Dec 83) seseccecccccccesccsecece

President Machel Discusses Bissau Summit, South Africa
(Various sources, various dates) ..scccccsceccacescvceccecs

© JORNAL Report, by Antonio Duarte
DIARIO DE LISBOA Interview

Cooperative Managers To Train in GDR
(NOTICIAS, 5 Jan 84) .eccccssssccccceececcecceacsvcceeaeees

Cotton Experts Trained in Nampula
(NOTICIAS, 7 Jan 84) ..

Director Describes Progress of Xai-Xai Industrial-Trade School
(NOTICIAS, 7 Jan 84) vecceseeccsceseeeees

Production Problems at MARAGRA Enterprise in 1983
(NOTICIAS, 7 Jan 84) .sccseveeee

Efficiency, Vigilance of Chipembe Agricultural Enterprise Praised
(NOTICIAS, 5 Jan 84) .....e00.

Irrigation, Construction Workers Trained
(NOTICIAS, 12 Jan 84) .ccccccccecececccecececececececsveces

Briefs
Waste Recovery Systems

NAMIBIA

Failure of Settlement Talks in 1983 Noted
(Johan van Heerden; DAILY DISPATCH, 27 Dec 83) .seceseceees

Expert Calls Fish Quotas Still Too High
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Jan 84) ..cccccscccccccccnceccccsesceseees

49

50

50

51

53

62

64

65

67

69

73

75

76

78



GABON

NATION MANUFACTURING OWN DETERGENTS ‘SINCE NOVEMBER
Libreville L'UNION in French 5 Jan 84 p 3
[Article by Mualabu Mussamba: "Gabon Manufactures Its Own Detergents"]

[Text] Gabon has been manufacturing its own detergents since November 1983.

It is producing one detergent for washing by hand, one for washing machines, a
bactericide with a pleasant citronella smell and a dishwashing liquid under the
brand name "Ecnes's."

This whole range of products is being manufactured by the Industrial Company of
Detergents, Supplies and Chemical Application (SIDAC) (one of the projects pro-
posed during the Franco-Gabonese Economic Seminar. organized by Gabon and the
CEPIA [French Center for Industrial Promotion in Africa]). SIDAC is currently
producing 30 tons of detergents--this figure includes. the whole range of pro-
ducts. There is a potential monthly operating output of 80 tons.

Gabon invested 410 millions in SIDAC, creating 30 new jobs. Annual imports were
estimated at 1.8 billion before the plant began operations.

a
The plant, which we visited very recently, is located on the road to Owendo,
near the Gabonese Industrial Body Shop (CIG). The manufacturing process is

very simple.

The raw material is dumped ina pump-equipped hopper which carries the product
to the mixer. The latter turns for 30 minutes before the. formula for hand
washing is added.

The finished detergent is carried to another processing hopper. Once this
process is completed, another machine takes over for the packing of 250- and
900-gram boxes of detergents...:The only thing left todo after that is to put
the products in cartons for distribution to all the super markets of Libreville
and Port Gentil.

Company officials are also. planning to do business on the UDEAC {Union of Central
African States] market. It will not be easy. It will be necesarry to battle the
competition in order to promote this product which costs a little more than the
same product imported from abroad (a difference of. 20 to 30 francs).

SIDAC also manufactures liquid detergents. It has five 1000-liter vats to do the
job: and two for dishwashing liquids (detergents and fabric softeners) [soapines]

6857
CSO: 3419/324

39



there is ‘no time to remain indifferent," they claimed, then advising me: “The
next time you want to work in Chipembe, the Provincial or district entities
will have ‘to notify us in advance." .

I was not to blame for this, and the workers were not to blame either. It was
the fault of some provincial and district entities where I appeared. They
confined themselves to filling my permit with stamps and signatures, and
sending me off in peace, blindly trusting in a piece of paper which is not
worth so much to the workers of Chipembe (or to me either).

In any event, I decided, before leaving the office, to "infiltrate" the enter-
prise's neighborhood, thinking that, in these communities, the vigilance
would not be so stringent as in the offices. I was deceived. The third

time that I attempted the experiment, I was "neutralized" in the new neighbor—
hood by a group of workers who had just been recruited for “Operation Produc-
tion."

These workers took me to the director of the enterprise, whom they asked
whether I had permission to interview "individuals without appearing before
the neighborhood entities and, on top of that, without notification from the
management."

Struggle for Production

I had to start convincing myself that in Chipembe there had not been merely a
change of name. The workers at ‘the Chipembe Agricultural Enterprise proved
that fact, not just with vigilance, but also with their daily struggle for
production.

I have already mentioned that there are no hours for extending the service;
but I must say that there are also no ‘hours for.entering, but in Chipembe
style. In other words, no one has time to arrive late for service, but every-
one is proud to begin the work day an hour or more ahead of schedule.

After my 3-day stay at the enterprise, I learned one thing: A shot of liquor
is not a requisite for starting work. The enterprise's director usually does
not sleep before midnight, but wakes up at 0400 hours at the latest. At that
time, he does not ask for a shot of liquor, but rather for the long boots, to
walk about in the tall grass of the collective farms.

The other workers, starting with the leaders, follow his example. Some youths
from the cities, such as the chief of accounting and of human resources, have
already eliminated the habit of rising after 0500 hours, despite the fact
that they are new there.

On the collective farm, many workers finish the day's work by 0800 hours,
because they start to work early. But they do not sit down when they arrive
home. because, as some of them told me, "we must build the house or decorate
the one already built."

70



NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

SWAPO BLAMED FOR BLAST--Windhoek.--Two incidents of sabotage by SWAPO insur-
gents occurred in the past seven days, the SWA Territory Force headquarters
said in Windhoek yesterday. At 3 am on January 14k SWAPO saboteurs blew up
three telephone poles in the vicinity of Nkongo, in Owambo, "It seemed the
enemy used a vehicle" to make their getaway, the SWATF said. Shortly after
midnight on Saturday, a SWAPO bomb destroyed a boiler room and a storeroom
at a softdrink factory at Oshakati. Damage was estimated at R300 000. The
general manager of the First National Development Corporation (ENOK),

Mr Johan Lern, left Windhoek yesterday to assess the damage caused by the
Oshakati blast. A spokesman for ENOK said 'Mr Lern would also be flying to
Okakarara in Hereroland to examine the scene of a fire that destroyed an
ENOK shopping complex at the weekend. According to initial estimates,
damage of at least R300 000 was caused to the soft drink factory and R500 000
to the Okakarara building. A spokesman said production at the Oshakati
factory would be suspended for at least a month. The bomb which destroyed
a boiler room and store room went off shortly after midnight. Police were
carrying out forensic tests yesterday to determine the type of explosive
used. According to reports, the fire at Okakarara was thought to have been
caused by an electrical fault.--SAPA. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 17 Jan 84 p 8]

DENIAL OF SWANO 'DEVIATION'--Windhoek.--The leader of the South West Africa
National Union, Mr Moses Katjiuongua, has dismissed as unfounded allegations
that he has become "a collaborator" with South Africa or that he has deviated
from his party's policies. "If and when necessary I will negotiate with the
South African Government just as SWAPO is trying to do," he said in a state-
ment in Windhoek yesterday, SWANO, which has a Marxist-based constitution
and is reputed to be SWA's oldest Black nationalist movement, is taking. part
in a multi-party conference discussing the territory's future. The privately
initiated multi-party conference has been denounced by SWAPO as a South
African-backed scheme to form an anti-SWAPO political front.--SAPA. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Jan 84 p 9]

NO OFFICIAL WAR COMMUNICATIONS--News from the War.Zone has taken a sharp
downward trend, and no official communications have been releated for several
weeks, other than a short note two weeks ago of a South African soldier
killed in landmine explosion. [Text] [Windhoek WINDHOEK OBSERVER in English
23 Dec 83 p 5]

79



095040
JPRS-SSA-84-019 |

8 February 1984

On BATT RY
Approved io: public teleceag j

‘——Dismpunoe Unimied

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

19980319 129

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DTIC QUALITY INSPECTED 3

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY

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market from him, and to issue a new appeal for bids for completion of the
building involved.

Presidential Election

The Executive Council studied the report of the ad hoc committee on the bill on
organization of the election of the MPR chairman-founder as president of the
Republic and, after discussion, approved the work of the committee. The lst
state commissioner will forward the bill to the bureau of the Central Committee
with the observations and evaluations of the Executive Council.

Finance and Budget

The state commissioners studied the bill modifying and supplementing certain
provisions in respect to direct taxation submitted to it by the Department of
Finance and Budget.

After review and discussion, the council approved the bill, which covers
changes in the schedules for professional tax on individual income and for
handling the minimum tax for legal entities and certain individuals.

Kinshasa-Brussels Telephone Link

Among the miscellaneous topics, the state commissioner for posts, telephones
and telecommunications briefed the council members on the total telephone
automatization as of 23 December between Brussels and Kinshasa. This means
that, beginning Friday 23 December, anyone living in Brussels, capital of the
Belgian Kingdom, and connected to the Belgian telephone system will be able to
dial directly to his counterpart in Kinshasa who is connected to the Zaire
telephone system, without going through the PTT operators either in Brussels or
Kinshasa.

This has been true between Paris and Kinshasa since 1982. Naturally, this is
the first stage; the second will allow the Kinshasa individual to do the same
to reach his counterpart in Brussels..

Finally, the state commissioner for information, mobilization, propaganda and
political animation informed the Executive Council of the settlement of the
Intelsat case, which had been pending for 2 years, by personal decision of the
head of state Marshal Mobutu Sese Soko. This will enable Tele~Zaire to receive
by satellite filmed images of current world developments.

9920
CSO: 3419/327

105



CHAD

CONGO

GABON

President Appeals for National Effort To Combat Drought
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 24 Dec 83) .csceccececcccceeesceeccees

First Turkey Production Unit Markets Production
(VOZ DI POVO, 30 Dec 83) wesececseccvccccecceccsescssceees

Possibility of Regulating Libyan Interference by Non-Military Means

Noted
(LIBERATION AFRIQUE CARAIBE-PACIFIC, No 19-20, Dec 83) 26

Fiscal Year 1984 Budget Presented to Assembly
(BULLETIN QUOTIDIEN DE L'ACI, 13 Dec 83) ..

Final Communique of 14th Regular Session of Central Committee
(ETUMBA, No 726, 10 Dec 83) weceeceee

Briefs
WFP Food Aid Extended

Nation Manufacturing Own Detergents Since November
(Mualabu Mussamba; L'UNION, 5 Jan 84) ..cccccccccesecesees

SONATRAM Acquires Second Vessel, Plans to Diversify Traffic
(Neltoh; L'UNION, 31 Dec 83-2 Jan 84) ..ccecceceecescevees

GUINEA-BISSAU

President Discusses Summit Meeting, Relations With Portugal
(Joao Bernardo Vieira; 0 JORNAL, 23 Dec 83) ...eeee

Briefs
Drought Aid From Congo

IVORY COAST

FRG Rural Development Aid Reported
(Francois Mockey; FRATERNITE MATIN, various dates) .......

LESOTHO

Briefs
Women Recruited by LLA

24

26

27

31

33

38

39

40

42

46

47

48


ZIMBABWE

CENTRAL STATISTICAL OFFICE RELEASES 'GRIM' ECONOMIC FIGURES
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 1 Jan 84 p 10

[Excerpts] The solitary note of optimism about Zimbabwe's economy last year
was struck by RAL Merchant Bank which last week forecast a higher grain
harvest than was originally expected. Rather late in the day, but still,

it is a ray of light at the end of what has been a very dark tunnel.

This week the Central Statistical Office releases its quarterly digest of
statistics for the third quarter of last year, and it makes grim reading.

Between June 1982 and June last year nearly 30 000 people lost their jobs.
The steady gain in formal sector employment that was made between indepen~
dence and June 1982 when an extra 77 000 people found jobs appears to be
faltering. The level of formal sector employment last June, at 1 033 000
stood where it was in 1976.

When THE SUNDAY MAIL asked one of the CSO experts what had happened to the
thousands who had lost their jobs or never got one to start with, the reply
was that CSO is only a "number cruncher". He gave the assurance, however,
that in the coming months.the results of CSO's national household survey
now in progress should give some idea.

Eager to find some good news from the quarterly digest, THE SUNDAY MAIL
added up the earnings for the second quarter of 1983 and compared them to
the same period in 1982. We found employees had netted in $61 100 more

in 1983, a rise of 9,6 percent. At last something to cheer about. The
"good news" soon turned sour when we compared the pay rise of 9,6 percent
to the inflation rate for lower-income urban families. For the same period
this was a staggering 33 percent.

csO: 3400/578

106



CHAD

aN

a V4 -
POSSIBILITY OF REGULATING LIBYAN INTERFERENCE BY NON-MILITARY MEANS NOTED

Paris LIBERATION AFRIQUE CARAIBE-PACIFIC in French No 19-20, Dec 83 - Mar 84
pp 22~25

{Excerpts] The most obvious signs of the ruin of Chad's economy are a budget
deficit of 28 billion CFA francs (1 CFA franc = 0.02 French franc) in an
expenditure budget of 36.7 billion CFA francs in 1983, a public foreign debt
of more than 100 billion CFA francs, and a gross national product now less
than 110 dollars per person. This ruinous condition has been aggravated by
the latest developments in the civil war. However, Chad is not really a poor
country.

Chad has important mineral resources (uranium, wolfram, and cassiterite) in
the Aozou Strip annexed by Libya. There are numerous indications in the
Guera and the eastern part of the country (Ouaddai, Biltine, Ennedi): mineral
deposits containing uranium, gold, iron and bauxite, not to mention the gold
of Mayo Kabbu in the south. However, exploitation of Chad's uranium is really
not an urgent matter for France, which is developing its own nuclear program
thanks mainly to uranium from Niger and Gabon, which, moreover, have trouble
unloading their production. Chad's riches are no doubt the reserves of the
next millennium... However, in view of the existence of these strategic
minerals in the part of Chad annexed, or craved, by Tripoli, Paris intends to
preserve the unity and territorial integrity of Chad.

In fact, France's intervention in Chad today is motivated more by political
and geostrategical reasons than economic considerations.

The announcement of the unity of Libya and Chad in January 1981 clearly
revealed the stakes in this war, of which the clashes in 1980, 1982, and 1983
are the most recent bloody episodes. Is Chad going to move out of France's
traditional zone of domination? Does Libya, profiting from the irregular
political situation of a country torn by 17 years of war, plan to grab all or
part (BET: Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti; Kanem; Biltine) of a state that it regards
as “vital territory” in its struggle "to break the encirclement"? Does Libya
plan to establish an “Arab-African" entity, a field for application of the
broad principles of Qadhdhafi's Green Book? It is currently holding onto the
Aozou Strip, an advance observation point whose loss would mean withdrawal
600 kilometers north to Sabbah. That would be a significant setback to the
carrying out of its expansionist strategy. Whatever the objectives of this
strategy (see article on Tripoli's strategy), partition of Chad would be a
dangerous precedent for Paris, particularly because Libya has tried to incite
separatist tendencies in Niger. Such a partition would harm France's
credibility in the eyes of many African states (Niger, the Ivory Coast,
Senegal, Togo, Gabon...) which, like whining orphans, last summer threatened
to turn to the United States if France did not directly intervene.

27



NIGERIA

PETROCHEMICAL PROJECT TO SUPPLY RAW MATERIALS

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 2 Jan 84 p 14

[Text] The Economic Director of the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria,
Mr. Uzor E. Okeke, has said that it has been identified that the imple-
mentation of the petro-chemical project would supply up to 40 per cent of
raw material needs of local industries.

He made the disclosure at a lecture he delivered recently to the Nigerian
Institute of Management, Ibadan branch.

Other findings according to Dr. Okeke are that the iron and steel projects
as well as the rolling mills and proposed flat sheet manufacturing would
satisfy the needs of a variety of industries that are now import dependent
"provided they produced to specifications that relate to the needs of local
industries."

Agriculture and mineral resources constitute the basic source of any local
raw materials.

The "pricing systems of the commodity boards have in many cases frustrated
increased production by farmers while at the same time constituting obstacles
to the use of the produce by local industries.

"For those commodities that have alternative use as consumer goods (e.g.
cassava, palm oil, hides and skin) "the opportunity cost of diverting them
into industrial uses need to weigh heavily in the matrix of policy formula-
tion." [as published]

Among the suggestions made by Mr. Okeke for a conducive industrial atmos-
phere for manufacturers are: review of. the Land Use Act, consistent and
coherent policies by government to remove uncertainties and serve as a
basis for forecasting of expected return by investors.

Government was also urged to. institute policies and incentives that would
attract potential private investors to invest in the development of raw

materials and intermediate goods as "no single industrialist ever produces
his own raw materials."

cso: 3400/524

86



PRICES SOAR IN KADUNA DESPITE ANTIHOARDING LAW

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 21 Dec 83 pp 1, 17

[Article by Mariam Aleshinloye and Fatima Abdu]

NIGERIA

[Text] PRICES of essential commodities have been on the increase in
Kaduna State, despite the anti-hoarding law passed by the legislature

and assented to by the state’s governor, Alhaji Muhammadu Lawal

Kaita early this month.

-which ‘wo id prevent traders from
to reduce the prices of the essential commodities. ‘Some

New Nigerian investigations in Kaduna showed that
‘hefore the law was enacted, a.small packet of Omo
‘detergent was being.sold at one Naira but this had
‘now risen to 1.75 Naira. A bar of Key soap has risen

4rom one Naira 20 kobo to two Naira and a bag of rice |

trom 83 Naira to between 80 and 100 Nalra.
A bottle of palm oil which sold at three Naira 50 kobo,
now costs five Naira; imported tin.of groundnut oil -has

jumped from 9.50 Naira 15 Naira and a tin of Peak milk -

from 30 kobo to 60 kobo.

Some consumers interviewed stated that soon after the law
was enacted, the markets were fl with essential com-
modities, but their prices were later inflat inflated.

‘They said that prices of commodities could have been
within the reach of the comnfon man if the law was backed by
an effective lation of the prices of the essential-com-
modities. In addition, they said, such a law should also:bar
traders from transporting the commodities outside fhestate.
“But because there is no such law, the traders have vi

trans) all essential commodities to other states ‘where .

such laws don’t exist.”
Jed to the National Assembly to enact a law
and force them

traders intervi however said
traders interviewed, however sad they sho ae goons

from ‘the distributors at éxoribi
tent ran.
in. some ent _ stores,
like ule, Kiger a Leventis,
market women and ther children
usually queue up

And in Zaria town, the prices of
such essential commodities have
been fluctuating for the past four

months. :
Before the election, a bag of 50.
kilogrames of rice cost 45 Naira,

milky whenever a aval only to Semovita 6.50, a 50 kilo Flour 25
re-sell them in the markets at the ira: St bata!
prohibitive retail prices. - Naira; a carton of Omo 16.50

Naira or 80 kobo: per packet,

81

sugar carton 28 Naira 70 kobo a
packet; milk carton 45 Naira or.
50 kobo a.packet; and a carton of
Shelltox was 45 Naira a carton.
At the time of this report, rice
cost. 56 Naira; Semovita 11
Naira; Flour 36. Naira’ — 37
Naira; a carton of Omo.55 Naira
or §1.80 a packet, a carton of



TEAM OF LIBYAN DOCTORS ARRIVES FOR THREE WEEK VISIT

Gabarone THE GUARDIAN in English 2 Dec 83 p 2

{Text ]

cso:

|A team of doctors from the Libyan Jamahiriya has arrived in the country for a
‘three-week visit during which it will give free medical examinations and drugs to
\patients at Princess Marina Hospital in Gaborone and clinics in rural areas, writes

‘Horace Somanje.

, The eight-man team
‘includes two doctors,

one of them a paediatri-'

cian and two .phar-
macists, who ‘are here
under the auspices of the
Islamic Call Society
(ICS), an independent
and voluntary organisa-
tion set up by ordinary
Libyans with individual
contributions to help
Third World countries,
particularly the African
states, with free  assis-
tance in such fields as
agriculture and medical
as well as to victims of
natural disasters.

Apart from examining

3298/569

and treating patients, the
doctors will be identify-
ing and diagnosing vari-
ous diseases to enable
another team which will
come next year to bring
appropriate medicine for
their treatment.

The leader of’ the
team, Mr. Ali Bleazi,

‘said the main purpose of

the mission was to help
people needing any kind
of assistance, regardless
of their religious beliefs,
in line with Libya's Is-
lamic principle of huma-
nism. He said this year
alone the ICS has sent
caravans to Benin, Mali,
Upper Volta, Uganda,

Zimbabwe and Bots-
wana. - During ©. the
1981/82 period four mis-",
sions were sent to’
Rwanda,
Madagascar and Ghana

‘in Africa and Sri Lanka

in Asia. ;
Spelling out the warm
and friendly relationship
existing between Bots-
wana and Libya cul-
minating in the arrival of
the. team here, Mr.

*Bleazi said the two‘coun-

tries had many things in
common, one of which
was their committed task
to: fight — injustice
throughout the world.

Burundi, ©

BOTSWANA



|

MOZAMBIQUE

RELATIONS WITH USSR STILL INVOLVE DIFFICULTIES
Lisbon EXPRESSO in Portuguese 24 Dec 83 p 1
[Article by Alves Gomes]

[Text] Maputo--A member of the Portuguese cabinet, in speaking to EXPRESSO,
denied the report that the Soviet Union is planning to evacuate its techni-
cians working in the various regions of the country to Maputo. “Relations
with the USSR are absolutely normal,” he said, terming the recent reports of
cooling in the cooperation between the two countries “pure speculation.”

Apparently, the report of the transfer of the Soviet technicians to Maputo,
as a part of a probable withdrawal of cooperative forces from Mozambique, was
based on the fact that cooperative workers at the Morrua mines in Zambezia
(where 24 technicians were kidnapped in August) are expected in the capital
en route to spending vacations in their own country. An official in the
mining sector told us however that “they will return as soon as working con-
ditions are reestablished at the mines.”

In talks with the Mozambican Ministry of Information, we were informed on the
one hand that "Mozambican-Soviet relations are likely to be the target of a
real campaign to destroy stability.” According to our source, "this is the
result of a lack of understanding of the Mozambican political orientation."
And he added: "There is a relation between the report now being circulated
and the meeting on Tuesday between Mozambique and South Africa, just as there
was a relation between the speculations on the summit meeting in which Presi-
dent Samora Machel and Botha participated and the report that the Soviets
have refused to supply us with fuel." .

In recent weeks, rumors have in fact circulated about the preparations for a
Soviet-inspired coup d'etat, refusal to supply food to Mozambique, withdrawal
of fuel supplies, and now, the repatriation of the Soviet technicians working
in the RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique].

In fact, since the visit paid by President Samora Machel to Western Europe,
there has been talk in diplomatic circles in Maputo about a certain Soviet
disenchantment with the fact that Mozambique is making ever-greater use of
Western diplomatic services, with emphasis on the United States, in seeking a
solution to the problems in Southern Africa.

These rumors, based on the economic crisis the country is experiencing, which
many Western technicians attribute to the poor advice provided by Eastern

51



Ministry of Communications would be re-organised to minimize obstruction to
communication. At an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN),
Chief Adiele said the ministry was unable to maintain the existing network
of exchanges. Chief Adiele said there was a need for ethical reorienta-
tion to change the attitude of workers adding that only a mental change
towards life in general and work in particular could maximise production
and earnings. The minister said those at the helm of affairs had a vital
role to play to practicalise the ethical norms to make the masses emulate.
Chief Adiele, however, disclosed that his ministry would offer some incen-
tives to encourage workers and urged every Nigerian to support measures to
revive the economy of the nation. (NAN) [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in
English 28 Dec 83 p 16]

cso: 3400/525

93



ex-commandos, and plotters; there are individuals with traditionalist mentali-
ties, former combatants, deserters from the war and evacuees from cities among
the enterprise's 2,200 workers. The director of the enterprise told me: "We
are replete with problems, and we are aware that every new victory entails
new needs and new problems."

However, the work of almost 5 months' existence. of the new enterprise has
given me the right to claim that the workers’ have the ability to ‘solve their
problems; because this enterprise is a result of the Fourth Congress. The
pace at which the changes are taking place is the pace of the Congress.

2909
csO: 3442/251

72



CONGO

FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF 14TH REGULAR SESSION OF CENTRAL COMMITTEE
Brazzaville ETUMBA in French No 726, 10 Dec 83 pp 2, 3

[Excerpts] Final Communique of the 14th regular session of
the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party [PCT].

Convoked under Act No. 83/050 of 19 November 1983, the Central Committee created
by the Third Extraordinary Congress of the Party met in the Peoples Palace from
28 November to 7 December under the esteemed chairmanship of Comrade Denis
Sassou-Nguesso, its president.

The agenda covered the following points:

1--adoption of the agenda;

2--adoption of the schedule of events and meetings;

3--adoption of the minutes of the meeting of the 13th regular session of the
Central Committee;

4--veview of the report of the Political Bureau;
a) reports from the departments;
b) assessment of progress in executing the plan of 31 October 1983;
5--the program of action for the political bureau;
6--examination of the 1984 section of the plan;
7--the general government budget for fiscal year 1984;
8--report by the Central Commission for Party Auditing and Accounting (CCCVP);
9--the Party budget for fiscal 1984;
10--preparation for the Third Regular Congress of the PCT.
On the national scene, the Central Committee noted with satisfaction that all
the active forces in the country are currently engaged in the accomplishment of

the tasks of the revolution, and particularly in the realization of the 1982-
1986 5-Year Plan, although implementation of the plan is constantly threatened

33



[Question] What about oil, Mr President?

[Answer] Well, now this...I do not even want to talk about this. Everything
still remains in the realm of happy prospects.

[Question] Walking through the streets of Bissau, one sees a great shortage
of food products in the stores. How will the country face up to this scourge
in the short run?

[Answer] The practical results will come from the steps we are taking and
will take.

Dispute With Cape Verde

[Question] In any case, these results can only be realized in the future.
And what about the short run?

[Answer] Yes, in the future. But the future is already being built. We are
already working toward this. It has to be the peasant, first of all, who
will produce the goods necessary to feed himself, and then to be able to feed
the cities and later still, we can export.

[Question] What about tourism, Mr President? Guinea-Bissau is a country
with undeveloped potential.

[Answer] This is one of the things in our development program. We have
still not succeeded in finding an international tourism firm which is inter-
ested. There is an enterprise which will come here shortly to study the
possibility of tourist development on Caravela Island and the building of
another hotel in Bissau, so that tourists can come, stay there a few hours
and then go on to the island. :

[Question] Mr President, are relations with Cape Verde totally reestablished
now?

[Answer] On the diplomatic level, they are.
[Question] And on the party level?
[Answer] There, not yet.

[Question] What do you think will be done so that everything can return to
normalcy?

[Answer] We must resolve all the disputes we have, above all in the economic

and financial sector. It is possible that the relations of the two parties
will be normalized, but I am not very optimistic.

5157
CSO: 3442/228

45



NATIONAL PEACE CONFERENCE PLANNED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9-Jan-84'p 13

[Text ]

cso:

3298/569

HARARE. — DIRECT
ACTION (Zimbabwe), a
Kwekwe-based peace
movement, is asking
farmers ‘in dissident-af-
fected areas, Government
bodies, political parties
and ‘religious organisa-
tions to take part in a nat:
ional peace conference.

A statement by the in-
terim director of the
group, Mr N Kwaramba,
said it was the responsibil-
ity of every Zimbabwean
to help find lasting peace
for the country.

“Nobody outside Zim-
‘babwe can show us how
and where to find peace,”
Mr Kwaramba said. “It is
‘our own responsibility as
a‘nation and all that is
needed is the will and in-
tent todoso.”

He expressed “shock,
horror and disbelief” at
the murder by dissidents

of four members of a fam-

ily in the Kezi farming
area on December23 and"

114

the mutilation of two girls
in the same area.

“These ~ cold-blooded
acts by some of the sons
of Zimbabwe who have
chosen the path of de-
struction, murder and pil-
lage are a stark reminder
to all of us that short of
national ‘effort, there is,
likely to be an escalation
of ‘such activities and in
the process, the beloved
country will be rent as-
under.”

Mr Kwaramba said no
single group of people
could tackle the problem
on its own. He urged the
president of the commes-
cial Farmers’ Union (Ma-
tabeleland branch), Mr
Mike Wood, to
from looking at the dissi
dent problem as a prob-
jem for farmersonly.

More than 50 organisa-
tions had been invited to
participate in the national
peace conference later
this year, he said. A date
has yet to be arranged.

ZIMBABWE


MALAWL

BRIEFS

POLICY ON RELIGIOUS FREEDOM--Malawians are free to worship the way they want
to, His Excellency the Life President said yesterday after receiving in audi-
ence members of the Chipembedzo cha Makolo Church who had gone there to
thank him for the freedom of worship existing in the country. Only last
week Moslems went to thank the Life President for the freedom of worship that
exists in the country. The object of people's worship is God, there is no
reason why other people should claim that they know God better than others,
which is why the Jehovah's Witnesses are banned in Malawi. As long as people
worship without molesting others they have nothing to fear in Malawi. [Text]
[Blantyre MALAWI NEWS in English 31 Dec 83-6 Jan 84 p 4]

CLOTH MANUFACTURING--Malawi will save more than K4 million in foreign exchange
every year on imported polyester-cotton clothing. following the installation
of a K10-million plant--part of a K20-million development project--at the
David Whitehead and Sons cloth manufacturing complex in Blantyre. This was
disclosed yesterday by the deputy general-manager of the company, Mr. R.
Woolley, during a press briefing.. The company has completed trials and is
now manufacturing a polyester-cotton fabric. Demand is expected to be high,
as thé cloth combines the moisture-absorbent characteristics of cotton with
the 'easy-care' properties of manmade fabrics. [By Jonathan Kuntambila]
[Excerpt] [Blantyre DAILY TIMES in English 30 Dec 83 pp 1, 3]

cso: 3400/523

50



GUINEA-BISSAU

BRIEFS

DROUGHT AID FROM CONGO--The Congo offered Guinea-Bissau 100 million francs on
Friday as an evidence of solidarity in connection with the drought which has
plagued that country in recent years. The Congolese gift was presented to
the president in Bissau, along with a message from the Congolese chief of
state, Denis Sassou-Nguesso, by the ambassador from Brazzaville accredited to
this capital city. He is a member of the Central Committee of the Congolese
Labor Party. In his message, the Congolese president stressed the “African
solidarity and friendly relations" between the two nations, and he confirmed
“the feelings of friendship and brotherhood which have always been evidenced
and which link the two peoples, parties and governments,” it was learned from
official sources. The drought and the effects of the return of the southern
zone of the Sahel to desert have gradually spread to Guinea-Bissau in recent
years, leading to decreased rainfall, above all in the northern and eastern
parts of Guinea-Bissau. This has already led the authorities to ask inter-
national bodies to include the country in the list of those nations affected
by this natural calamity. [Text] [Maputo DOMINGO ACTUALIDADE in Portuguese
1 Jan 84 p 5] 5157

CSO: 3442/244

46



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

WASTE RECOVERY SYSTEMS--A mechanical system for the recovery of fibrocement
waste will be installed at the Lussatite of Mozambique plant located on
Machava, in Maputo. Our reporters have learned that this measure is designed
to recover the waste from the raw material used in the process of producing
Lussatite plates in that production unit, and will be carried out by the
workers themselves. Jose Machegulane Langa, a member of the local party cell
and the official in charge of the Control and Discipline Committee, stated
that the installation of the system is rather well along, and that this step
was taken after it was established that it would make it. possible to increase
production and productivity in that unit. On the other hand, the step falls
within the context of activities pursued with a view to the full utilization
of raw materials in particular, and the means available, in general. This
system, our reporters learned, consists of a crusher, a mill and electric
motors equipped with mechanisms for the pulverizing of the fibrocement waste.
After pulverization, that member of the local party cell explained, the waste
will be channeled into a "hydropulping" machine which will enrich the cement
and the asbestos (the main components in the production of Lussatite plates),
such as to produce a new mass which will then proceed through the normal work
process cycle at the enterprise. On the other hand, plant maintenance work
is under way at Lussatite of Mozambique. It is being done by the workers in
voluntary labor on days when they are normally free. The purpose is to keep
the plant equipment in good operating condition for next year's activities.
[Excerpts] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Dec 83 p 2] 5157

CSO: 3442/244

75



Solutions to Problem Suggested
Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 2 Jan 84 p 14
[Article by Arize Nwobi]

[Text] The Managing Director, Nigerian Forging and Bolts Company Limited,
Dr. Demola Banjo gave reasons for the low usage of local raw materials and
offered solutions.

He was addressing a symposium held last week by ‘the Lagos State Chamber of
Commerce and Industry as an prelude to their annual general meeting. The
topic of the symposium was the "Development and Utilization of Local Raw
Material."

Among the reasons given by Dr. Banjo are:

*’The groups of industries we have in the country were developed on the basis
of what can be produced and sold at a profit within Nigerian markets and
not on the basis of what raw materials might be available in the country,

*Our industrial incentive policies often provided very minimal protection
and sometime negative protection for industries using local raw materials.

According to Dr. Banjo, a recent.world bank report revealed that the net
effective rate of protections given to industries processing mostly,
domestic. raw materials are--4.1 and 39.9 for the years 1977 and 1979/80
respectively as against 74.6 and 146.9 offered to industries processing
imported raw materials.

He mentioned the brewing, mineral water and soft drinks, and textile indus-
tries as the highest importers of raw materials. Others are the beverages
and food additive, flour milling and baking, household and toiletries indus-
tries.

Continuing, he said, "If the government should take any short-term measures,
these six industries which import raw materials to the tune of 8400 mil-
lions annually, but with local value added averagely less than 15 per cent
in general has to be the point of focus."

Other reasons given by the business executive for the low usage of local
raw materials are:

*The primary or intermediate raw material producers have no guarantee that
the user industries will buy from them.

*Many producers are either unable or unwilling to finance research and
development considering the fact that many raw materials may require some

degree of modification to process and equipment to enable them to be used
directly.

CsO: 3400/524

85



SONATRAM ACQUIRES SECOND VESSEL, PLANS TO DIVERSIFY TRAFFIC

Libreville L'UNION in French 31 Dec 83-2 Jan 84 pp 1, 4
[Article by Neltoh: "The Baptism of the Abanga"]

[Excerpts] The Owendo Port Complex once again served as the setting for the
baptism of the second ship of the National Maritime Transport Company (SONATRAM) ,
the Abanga, whose godmother is Mrs Alice Mébiame, the prime minister's wife,
represented by. her oldest. daughter, Miss Anita Mébiame.

Speaking first, SONATRAM Director General Ludovic Ognagna assessed the perform-
ance of the company since its creation in 1976. Faced with a difficult inter-
national economic situation and the unrelenting competition of the maritime
companies of developed countries, the company had to charter conventional ships
and, by so doing, had to spend over 4 billion CFA francs.

The director general remarked, however, that a better understanding of maritime
transport, followed by the implementation of measures for the protection of the
national shipping business, enabled SONATRAM to improved its cargo quotas from
15 percent in 1980 to 29 percent in 1983. in a North-South direction. Toward
Gabon, it went from 9 percent in 1980 to 17 percent in 1983,

The speaker remarked that these results showed a clear increase despite a
particularly gloomy worldwide economic situation and a steadily larger partici-

“pation of high value ships in our lines.

The director general stressed that the acquisition of these two ships will enable
the national shipping industry not only to diversify its traffic and increase its
activities through the creation of new lines, but also, and most of all, to
exploit existing lines more rationally.

The Mpassa and the Abanga-have the same features: a 13,000-ton deadweight, a
length of 150 meters, a width of 21 meters and a speed of 16 knots, with a
30-knot maximum. ‘The crew is made up of 26 members and 14 apprentices. The
ship is equipped with 40-ton derricks for loading and unloading. These two
ships willbe carrying general merchandise (428 containers) and rough timber.

In his speech, Mathieu Nguéma, minister delegate to the prime minister, lime-
lighted the vital importance of maritime transport in our foreign trade and t,

‘

40



Zanu
congress would address were:

. The

.The
plan

.The
«The
-The

"May

would hold its conference in August this year and among the matters the

party's general policy and ideological direction.

national socioeconomic programme for the plan to follow the three-year
and the socialist thrust of this plan.

relationship of party and Government.
legislative system and the need for a single chamber legislature.
road to national unity and the creation of a one-party state.

I thank you for supporting the Government and the party in our endeavour

to build a united, non-racial and truly democratic society. May I thank
members of the various economic sectors for their attempts to sustain our
economy in the face of stupendous odds. I enjoin all of you, but princi-
pally the farming community, to work this season and transform last season's
losses into gains.

"Finally, may I thank'all of you, except for a few, for being peaceful, law-
abiding and loyal to the state. We must continue to forge ahead in amity
fully dedicated to our ideals.

cso:

3400/578

110



CATHOLIC BISHOPS SPEAK OUT ABOUT SOCIALISM

Harare THE HERALD in English 31 Dec 83 p 5

[Text]

cso:

ZIMBABWE'S Catholic
bishops support many as-
pects of the-. nation’s
socialist policies, but dia-
agree with those who
have adopted along with
socialism. an atheistic
philosophy and a belief
that liberation comes’
through class conflict.

In a New Year pastoral
statement signed by all
seven members of. the
Zimbabwe | Catholic
Bishops’ Conference, the
pishops .continue their
message of last year's
statement, Our Way For-
ward,

“We acknowledge that
socialiam has inherited
some. elements from
Christianity, but also we
know. that some forms of
socialism do not agree
with Christianity. It is
therefore up to us, who
belleve in Christ, to in-
spire our evolving social-
ism with the Christian vi-
sion.”

This was done through
dialogue and co-operation
with all men of goodwill,
always. remembering
‘though that the Kingdom
of God was greater than
any polltical, social or
economic system.

“In Zimbabwe socialism
js understood to mean

3400/580

equality regardless of
race, creed or sex; an
equitable distribution of
land; health care and
education for all regard-
less of income: it. means
fair wages, a lifestyle of
self-reliance as well as of
sharing; the promotion of
co-operative ways of pro-
duction, and a_ national
policy of reconciliation.”

‘The bishops fully. sup-
port in word and deed the
extent. the Government
has started to, implement
these policies,

The bishops also su
port the Government's
policies: of self-reliance
and add: “Hand in hand
with this. attitude goes
the readiness for self-
criticism. We cannot any

‘Jonger blame only others

for our setbacks, but
must also blame our-
selves.””

‘The bishops back the

“whoever pelleves in God
confesses that whatever
he is and whatever he has
— all hag been given him
by God. It is not his ex-
clusive private property.
It is merely a loan which
he must return to the
Creator, its true owner.
“And he returns it by
sharing with his fellow

119

ZIMBABWE

men as. generously and
freely as Sea out of His
love shared it with him in
OS age wert

: ie regret-
ted the antisocial be-
haviour of “many persons
in influential positions. at’
all levels, which flatly
contradicts the social
justice to which they pay
Up service”.

The personal _—_con-
tribution and sacrifice of
all was needed. The State
could provide . the ex
temal changes, the
changes ‘in the structure
of society, but that would
not br bring about: radical
co unless there was
internal change.

. Am atheistic philosophy
was imcompatible - with
both Christian belief and:
the | best of African tradi-

poor nations But we can-
‘not accept that. strife and
conflict by themselves
are positive forces of
transformation. A. society
torn by. hatred does not
suddenly give birth to
love and harmony. If this
is scientific socialism we
cannot accept it.”



JPRS-SSA- 84-019
8 February 1984

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

CoNTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Achievements of CEPGL Convention Summarized
CELIMA, 7 Dec 83) ciccccccscccccccccsccccccsssevececeveees 1

ANGOLA

New Party Members Elected in Cunene

AJORNAL DE ANGOLA, 7 Dec 83) vecececscececceeeee 5
SWA Transit Point for Angolan Timber
(WINDHOEK OBSERVER, 23 Dec 83) .eeccccsesssscccesssceceees 6
Briefs
New Recruits in Bie 7
New Lumber Companies 7
Pilot Training Course 7
BENIN
Briefs
Islamic Development Bank Grant 8
BOTSWANA
Team of Libyan Doctors Arrives for Three Week Visit
(THE GUARDIAN, 2 Dec 83) .sssscccseeeeceeeceeceeesecvssees 9
Border Residents Urged To Report Strangers
(THE CITIZEN, 8 Jan 84) .csecccceecescccccvccucevccuceeees 10
CAMEROON
Armed Forces Reorganization, Command, Staff Assignments
(AFRIQUE DEFENSE, No 69, Dec 83) vsccsssscccccccececsceees 11
CAPE VERDE

Chinese Communist Party Delegation Visits Country
(VOZ DI POVO, 30 Dec 83). sicssscscacscsccceesecevcteuesens 23

“ae (III - NE & ‘A = 120].



for national economy, industry and external

decrees:

1. Departmental decree
departmental decree No
used vehicles.

2. Departmental decree
departmental decree No

No DENICE CAB 019 83
DENICE CAB 006 83 of

No DENICE CAB 020 83
DENICE CAB 007 83 of

commerce signed the following

of 10 December 1983 rescinding
16 August 1983 regulating import of

of 10 December 1983 rescinding
16 August 1983 regulating import of

used clothing.

No DENICE CAB 021 83 of 10 December 1983 rescinding
BCE ENI 0047 75 of 11 September 1975 prohibiting import
ready-to-wear outfits, and all synthetic fabric for men.

3. Departmental decree
departmental decree No
of Wax [as published],

4. Departmental decreé No DENICE CAB 023 83 of 10 December 1983 rescinding
interdepartmental decree No DENICE CAB 025 83 of 1 June 1981 on setting prices
of products imported without foreign exchange purchase.

Within the framework of regulation of commerce, the governor of the city of
Kinshasa was informed of the index prices of certain products as delivered
Kinshasa: 1) Cement, 129.25 zaires from factory, 165.00 from warehouse
Kinshasa; 2) locally produced rice, 760.00 zaires, price delivered Kinshasa;
3) manioc roots from Bandundu, 480.00 zaires per 50 kg sack, price delivered
Kinshasa.

In respect to exchange, the governor of the Bank of Zaire submitted a report to
the Executive Council on the situation in the free exchange market. The report
reveals that in this market the zaire currency has continued its firming trend
begun last week, moving from 38.80 zaire per U.S. dollar to 30.75 at last
quotation.

This strengthening of the national currency comes at a time when most of the
world currencies are easing with respect to the U.S. dollar.

Still on the conclusions
interesting to point out
monetary financing as of
to draw on the same date

of the ad hoc committee, it is important and

to the public in regard to public finances that actual
15 December 1983 was 240.5 million zaires while we had
2.4 million zaires.

That means that as of 15 December 1983 the actual monetary financing was
one-tenth of the amount authorized. It goes without saying and without further
comment that this is an achievement, pure and simple.

Finally, in the context of the lst state commissioner's statement and the
report’ of the committee established within the Executive Council to study rates
among enterprises, the council heard the report by the committee's chairman,
the state commissioner with portfolio. The committee included representatives
of the departments of finance and budget, mines and energy, transport and
communication, national economy, industry and external commerce and portfolio.

103



Those participating in it are undertaking a study of the economic and social
directives of the Fourth Congress of the FRELIMO party, the history of
FRELIMO, and the geography of Mozambique, as well as other documents issued
by the last meeting of the FRELIMO party's top-ranking organ ‘concerning the
field of trade.

The future course participants are also participating in discussions on the
GDR held ‘by a cooperant from that country who is serving with CCNCC.

2909
CSO: 3442/251

63



FOOD AID FROM UN TO COMBAT MALNUTRITION

Blantyre DAILY TIMES in English 6 Jan 84 p 1

[Text]

cso:

3400/523

A UNITED Nations
agency is to provide
food aid worth Kil
million’ over the
next three years to
combat malnutri-
tion on’ MalaWi, it
was disclosed yeste-
day,

Forty-four thousand un-
der-five children, 1,000
pregnant and nursing mo-
thers, 264 mothers and
children at rehabilitation

,centres and 6,000 patients.

at government - hospitals
will benefit under the sche-

The aid is being provid-
ed by the World Food Pro-
gramme (WFP), an off-
shoot of the Food and Agri-
culture Organisation.

An. agreement between
Malawi and the WFP was
signed in Lilongwe recent-
ly by the Minister of Finan-
ce, Mr. Chakakala Chaziya,
and the deputy head of the
WFP mission in Malawi,

Mr. M.M. Fassih, accord-
ing to a press release issued.
by the United Nations De-
velopment Programme of-
fice in Lilongwe yesterday.

INTEGRATED

The WFP. assistance is .

designed to support the
Government in its efforts
to combat. malnutrition
among vulnerable groups
through the integration of a
feeding programme: with
the delivery of public
health care, the press relea-
se says.

It also aims at promoting
such nutritious local foods
as the ‘Likuni Phala’ and at
strengthening preventive

health through education —

and training.

The aid will buy” 25130
" metric tons of maize flour,

which is to be ‘purchased
locally, 10,215 metric tons
of corn soya milk or Likuni
Phala, 15: metric tons. of
dried whole milk and 70
metric tons of vegetable oil,
the release says.

49

MALAWI



ZAIRE

PRESIDENT PROMULGATES 1984 BUDGET; 2.6 BILLION ZAIRES TO BE BORROWED
Commentary on Budget Importance
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 19 Dec 83 pp 1, 10

[Commentary by Monsa Iyaka Duku in the column "Reflection": "Budget 84: The
Launching Ramp" ]

[Text] The verdict of the Legislative Council was delivered Friday evening.
The budget bill for the 1984 year was approved by the people's commissioners.
All that remains is the presidential approval to complete the process underway
since June 1983, then the Executive Council can go into action to free the
necessary resources.

Today more than ever, the country's success in relaunching the economy depends
on how this budget is implemented. At all levels. It is an austerity budget,
certainly with constraints, but it is also a budget of national consciousness
in regard to the necessary sacrifices. This is particularly true because the
1984 budget is to serve as the launching ramp for a new impetus in the national
recovery. No budget in this journalist's memory has drawn so much public
attention. Not only does it embark on the first stages of a progressive wage
policy, it aims at putting a rein on the investment budget. Today more than
ever, each daughter and son of this country feels involved. The country's
future depends on this in order to rescue the national economy from the zone of
turbulence.

Also, the social partners have been made aware of their responsibilities to
mobilize the forces necessary to generate the productive resources and to
decisively relaunch the national economy. The National Association of Zairian
Enterprises (ANEZa) has been in frequent contact with its affiliates urging
them to exert more dynamism and rectitude in more productive activities.
Likewise, the National Union of Workers of Zaire (UNTZa) has been calling on
the working masses for more concentration, competence, and work awareness to
achieve a constantly increasing productivity, for the goal of social
well-being.

Thus, all the political-economic conditions are present such as to make
possible efficient operation of the machinery, since all the structures are in
place. How?

Political Ideology

The political ideology as a system of ideas and judgment plays an important
role in the life of a nation. It appeals to the values on which it will rely;

98



CAPE VERDE

CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY DELEGATION VISITS COUNTRY
Praia VOZ DI POVO in Portuguese 30 Dec 83 p 12

[Text] A delegation representing the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), paying
Cape Verde a visit of friendship and cooperation at the invitation of the
PAICV [African Independence Party of Cape Verde], has been in our country
since the 16th of this month.

The delegation is headed by Jiang Guanghu, deputy head of the International
Relations Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party,
and it includes four other individuals.

On 27 December, the delegation visited the municipality of Tarrafal, in the
interior of Sao Tiago, where the members had an opportunity to visit some
centers of socioeconomic interest.

The next morning, the Chinese delegation met with a delegation representing
the National Secretariat of the African Independence Party of Cape Verde,
headed by Comrade Luis Fonseca, a member of the National Council and first
secretary of the autonomous Praia urban sector. The Cape Verdian delegation
also included Comrades Jorge Lopes and Armindo Cruz, director of the Foreign
Relations Department and director of the Party Organization Department, res-
pectively, and Edith Reis, a Party Secretariat official.

In the afternoon on 28 December, the CCP delegation traveled to the island of
Sao Vicente on a working visit, where the members met with a party delegation
from the Sao Vicente region headed by Comrade Candido Santana, first secre-
tary of the party sector on the island.

Also, during their stay, the members of the CCP delegation visited the
Amilcar Cabral Institute in Praia, and, at the conclusion of their visit,
they had an audience with Comrade Abilio Duarte, a. member of the Political
Commission and foreign relations secretary of the National Party Council, and
also with Prime Minister Pedro Pires, deputy secretary general of the PAICV.

During the talks between the CCP delegation and its Cape Verdian counterpart,
the Chinese stressed the strengthening of the bonds of friendship and coop-
eration existing between the two countries.

The delegation is returning to China tomorrow.

5157 23
CSO: 3442/244 .



Air Force Headquarters Staff

A-1: Major Paul Ndjocko; A-2: Captain Martin Moluh; A-3: Captain Mamadou
Mocktarow; A-4: Captain Anicet Akono: chief of supply section: Captain
Joseph Nietcho; chief of air materiel section, by delegation: Captain Julio
Calafell of the French technical military assistance mission; chief of
common-use materiel: Captain Romain Kamga; commander of Doula Air Base:
Captain Robert Nono; commander of Yaounde Air Base, by delegation: Captain
Claude Louvigne of the French technical military assistance mission.

Navy Headquarters Staff

N-1: Lieutenant Thomas Ebua; N-2: Lieutenant Emmanuel Babou; N~3: Lieutenant
Bitjong Ndjeng; N-4: Lieutenant Maurice Tchamo; chief of supply section:
Lieutenant Gervais Belobo; chief of naval materiel section: Lieutenant Rene
Bikok; assistant chief of the naval materiel section: Lieutenant Junior. Grade
Djonkam Njine; chief of common-use materiel section: Lieutenant Junior Grade
Hermann Ebollo; commander of main Douala Naval Base: Lieutenant Silas Mayi

Il Nouck; commander of secondary Man-O-War Bay Naval Base: Lieutenant Junior
Grade Mamadou Massa; commander of secondary Lobe Naval Base: Lieutenant
Junior Grade Zacharie Libika.

Schools and Training Centers Command

Chief of staff: Lieutenant Commander Pierre Ndangang; chief of curricula and
programs division, by delegation: Lieutenant Colonel Oliver Boula de

Mareuil of the French technical military assistance mission; assistant
commandant of the Combined Arms Military Academy, by delegation: Lieutenant
Colonel Raymond Heibling’of the French technical military assistance mission;
chief of the officer instruction and training branch: Captain Albert Ram
Gaya; chief of the refresher training branch, by delegation: Captain Jean-Paul
Frank of the French technical military assistance mission; chief of the
advanced military education branch, by delegation: Lieutenant Colonel Patrick
Cockborne of the French technical military assistance mission; commander of
the national armed Forces training center in Ngaoundere: Major Albert
Ambassa, in addition to his primary duty as commander of the sixth military
sector; commander of the national armed forces refresher training center in
Ngaoundal: Major Souley Baba; commander of the national armed forces
retraining center in Koutaba: Captain Pierre Emile Niend; commander of the
armed forces specialists training center in Yaounde: Captain Emmanuel
Mbouombouo.

Territorial Military Commands

First Military Region

Deputy commander of the first military region in Yaounde: Lieutenant Colonel
Ernest Mben Mboua; chief of staff: Major James Chi Ngafor; S-1: Captain

Lambert Eyenda; S-2: Captain Paul Mengo; S-3: Captain Souaibou Tidjani;
8-4: Captain Victor Noutcha.

19



ZAIRE

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL DISCUSSES PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION BILL, OTHER TOPICS
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 17-18 Dec 83 pp 7, 3

[Article by Monsa Iyaka Duku: “Approval of the Report on Organization of the
Presidential Election"]

[Text] Yesterday's weekly meeting of the Executive Council, which was chaired
by 1st State Commissioner Kengo wa Dondo, had seven items on the agenda.

Among topics discussed, the council approved the report of the ad hoc committee
on the law on organization of the presidential election. It also heard the
report of the state commissioner for civil service on civil servants' pay due
on 20 December.

In his report to the press, the Executive Council spokesman, Citizen Sakombi
Inongo, said that 1st State Commissioner Kengo wa Dondo had informed council
members of the ad hoc committee's conclusions, which concentrated on four
topics: 1) Wages and employment, 2) report of the interservices committee on
regulation of trade, 3) exchange, and 4) public finances.

In this connection,, the council heard the report of the state commissioner for
civil service on preparation for the 20 December pay.

According to the report, preparation for the pay is proceeding normally
according to the established schedule. The errors in the previous pay have
been corrected and changed in the computer. Thus, there will definitely be a
pay day on 20 December and without any delay.

In regard to the social situation around the country, the report of the
National Union of Workers of Zaire (UNTZa) stated that the social situation is
generally calm in the country's enterprises, except in the construction sector,
where companies have reportedly been unable to pay the guaranteed minimum wage
(SMIG) because the Executive Council had failed to pay their bills.

In this connection, Citizen Sakombi said that the Executive Council instructed
the state commissioner for finance and budget to call in the company officials
to present their claims against the state so that the responsible official in
the Department of Finance and Budget, in cooperation with his colleague in
public works and territorial development, can check these claims before
arranging their payment.

In connection with the report of the interservice committee on regulation of

commerce, and in the framework of implementation of the Executive Council's
decision of 2 December 1983 on imports liberalization, the state commissioner

102



CONGO

FISCAL YEAR 1984 BUDGET PRESENTED TO ASSEMBLY
Brazzaville BULLETIN QUOTIDIEN DE L'ACI in French 13 Dec 83 pp 1, 2

[Excerpts] The 1984 fiscal year budget for the Peoples Republic of Congo, which
was presented to the Peoples National Assembly Monday by the prime minister,
Comrade Louis Sylvain-Goma, will amount to Fr CFA 412,421,419,000.

The budget is divided between Fr CFA 172,921,419,000 for investment and
Fr CFA 239,500,000,000 for operations.

Local revenue sources will cover Fr CFA 285,600,000,000 of the budget outlays,
or 69.2 percent, while Fr CFA 126,800,000,000 or 30.8 percent will be provided
from external sources.

The investment budget (Fr CFA 172,921,419,000) will to a great extent (115
pillion) be devoted to infrastructure--transport, civil aviation, public works,
construction and telecommunications.

Some 27 billion will be dedicated to the productive sector. These two areas
alone account for 82.5 percent of total investment.

The operating budget (Fr CFA 279,500,000) would be funded as follows:
--ordinary revenue estimated at 95.5 billion, of which 56.5 billion would be
from taxes, 36 billion from customs duties and 3 billion revenue from state

properties arid services;

--oil revenue projected at 164 billion, including 90 billion in taxes and 74
pillion in royalties;

--contingent revenue of Fr CFA 20 billion, representing a rate of increase of
3.8 percent, or a mild growth of 3.5 billion, over the 1983 budget.

In terms of outlays, the operating budget is divided as follows:
--Public debt: 110 billion, compared to 87 billion in 1983--up 23 billion;

--Personnel: 64.3, compared to 57.3 in 1983--up. 7 billion;

31



She praised her wards for tackling the task with enthusiasm and dedication.

"We have had maximum co-operation from the people.

"T must pay tribute to them for their enthusiasm and support, because some
of them have had to contribute financially to get projects done," she said.

The other major problem has been the lack of transport. "There are places
in the province where projects have been established, but which wé have not
been able to see because of transport problems."

Cde Silamba said people were also trained on a variety of skills.

The skills covered leadership and pre-school courses, literacy workshops and
skills on sewing, baking, knitting and other home economics courses.

Approach

“the difference in our approach’ from that of the past is that the thrust is
no longer just to provide skills, but to ensure that those who have acquired
them use them for income-generating purposes beneficial to the community,"
said Cde Silamba.

This means that courses in baking or sewing, for instance, are provided to
enable trainees to establish bakeries or co-operatives in their respective

areas.

Cde Silamba said a number of projects were already selling their products—
notably a uniform-sewing. co-operative in Umzingwane and poultry projects at
Esibomvu and Esipezini.

cso: 3400/579

112



Samora Machel burst out:

"It is decisive. It is crucial to the life of Southern Africa. They must be
aware of this, and the Americans are aware of it too."

I asked: "Do you think that Botha's visit to the West a few days ago was
basic as an immediate reason for this meeting?”

Samora Machel: "No. My visit to the West was the cause. You label me an
‘agent.’ For you the People's Republic of Mozambique does not exist. I had
breakfast with the leading London editors. I invited them to breakfast: THE
DAILY TELEGRAPH, THE GUARDIAN, the BBC, THE TIMES... and another, I do not
remember. Well, we talked honestly..." (at this point a protocol official
interrupted Samora Machel to tell him that he was already late for the clos-
ing session of the summit meeting. The president answered: “It's time?
Well, wait, I am having breakfast.")

At the meeting being held in Swaziland between Mozambique and South Africa,
between 10 o'clock local time and midnight last Tuesday, the two parties were
reported to have tested the ground, according to the information obtained by
0 JORNAL, with a view to a future summit meeting of the two countries.

Samora Machel told us that such subjects as security, economic cooperation
and peace in the region were to be analyzed by the two nations in a future
discussion.

‘Armed Bandits' and the Drought

At the breakfast, the president spoke of the proposals Mozambique made to
South Africa. "I have 3500 men who were captured, armed bandits trained and
equipped by South Africa. I have tons and tons of armaments. Now what shall
I do with these armed bandits? What shall I do with South Africa? This is
the subject of great discussion. Shall I kill the armed bandits? Kill them?
They are Mozambicans. Shall I send them to South Africa? This would be very
difficult. Some are wounded, and they need treatment. And part of the food
goes to them, part of the clothing goes to the armed bandits. And then a
sizeable force would be needed to guard them, instead of doing other useful
things, instead of producing. Therefore I called Amnesty International.

They have the crazy concept that they are more humane than we are, isn't that
the case? I also called the International Red Cross, to observe the bandits.
There are captive armed bandits. Listen to the list of their crimes. You
(here he pointed to the EXPRESSO and O JORNAL newsmen) heard them and saw
them. In February, I took a number of journalists, including the WASHINGTON
POST correspondent, to Gaza, and there was a gathering of 50,000 persons.

The armed bandits were there with the blankets and the sheets, everything
stolen from the people. It was sickening. They function thanks to drugs, in
fact. Because it is not human to kill women and children and burn their
huts. That is not normal. Some things are not normal.”

I reminded the president that I had an opportunity to talk to a prisoner in

Inhambane, who was accused of various crimes, although he was only 12 years
old. Samora Machel spoke harshly:

55



There had to be greater rationalisation of the use of foreign currency so
priority areas were not allowed to suffer and greater use should be made of
local raw materials and resources.

In the public sector certain priority programmes, such as education, health,
water resources, defence, law and order, and road development were excep—
tionally sustained while others, such as land resettlement, were slowed down
or restricted.

In education there were 2 044 487 primary school-children and 316 438
secondary pupils last year compared to just 1 235 994 primary and 74 321
secondary at independence.

The Prime Minister commended parents, especially those in rural areas for

the magnificent work they were doing by building their own schools and thanked
teachers for their efforts and church and other voluntary organisations for
doing their best, in partnership with the state, to sustain and develop the
education system.

The Government had set itself the target of resettling 162 000 families in
the three:years to 1985 and so far 40 000 had been settled.

Delayed

"The resettlement pace is delayed by a number of factors which include the
need to match British inputs with Zimbabwean cash inputs, the synchronisation
of land allocation with other servicing and infrastructural inputs, such as
water amenities, roads, schools and clinics."

With few exceptions land had been allocated as individual smallholdings.
The method of financing was being discussed with the British government so
a faster method of acquiring land could be found.

"It is our view that Zimbabwean cash resources must be used more for the
development than for the actual purchase of land." In the light of experi-
ence more emphasis had to be put on large-scale rather than small-scale
resettlement’ models and so more farming cooperatives had to be created.

Much progress had been made in other areas among which, Cde Mugabe listed,
were the building of more dams and the introduction of piped water, the
extension of national and rural roads, the building of more clinics, the
extension of radio and television and communication systems, the completion
of Hwange 1 thermal plant, the introduction of the electric train, the exten-
sion of housing programmes under the builders' brigades, the mobilisation of
youth for useful production programmes through youth brigades and the .
systemisation of local government.

The main thrust. of the three-year transitional national plan was on the
development. of rural areas so long neglected by previous regimes and to get
maximum provincial, district, ward and village co-ordinated organs of
development would be established as soon as possible.

109



MOZAMBIQUE

IRRIGATION, CONSTRUCTION WORKERS TRAINED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 12 Jan 84 p 8

[Text] Recently, 15 experts in irrigation and construction were trained for
areas involving supervision of irrigation and drainage canals, estimates of
excavation volumes, heavy machinery checking, irrigation systems construction
and bridge building, by the professional training section of the State Secreta-
riat of Agricultural Hydraulics. According to the official in charge of profes-
sional training in that State Secretariat, Horacio Listo, preliminary action is
currently under way to hold the second course, in an effort aimed at ensuring
the training of cadres for the various hydraulic enterprises that come under
this entity.

According to Horacio Listo, the purpose. of promoting this course is to train
technicians capable of engaging in activities in the fields of topography,
technical design, canal construction and earth moving for the construction of
complete projects.

During the 9 months that the course lasted, the students were given practical
instruction on site 50 percent of the time, and the remaining period was devoted
to a theoretical study of technical. design, mathematics, Portuguese, canal
estimating, topography and earth moving (leveling).

Of the 16 persons who attended the first course, with literary skills equivalent
to or higher than the ninth grade, 15 finished successfully, one having been
singled out as an adviser, and the remaining 14 distributed among hydraulic
enterprises in Maputo, Xai-Xai, Chokwe and other sectors associated with that
State Secretariat.

Meanwhile, another course will be held, starting in the second half of February,
and lasting as long as the first one. The reason for offering this course is
to train technicians capable of lending greater efficiency to the effort-:for
rational utilization of water for agriculture, especially in the hydraulic
enterprises of Zambezia and Cabo Delgado.

The course will take place at the Umbeluzi Professional Training Center, and
the 16 members will attend classes based upon the boarding system.

73



some concepts which he said emerged strengthened from that party meeting held
in June of this year.

On this basis, he urged the ANP deputies to expand and deepen democratic
practice, “making of democracy and the discussion of ideas the main bulwark
of national unity and the development of society in Cape Verde."

He noted “a certain tendency to adopt stereotype models which, although they
serve the purposes of other countries, have proved ill-adapted to Cape Verde,
because they are unable to provide solutions to the problems we face.”

Aristides Pereira further appealed for the manifestation of “national soli-
darity" in defense of the collective interests, and urged that "there be no
effort to trample upon the interests of the least favored classes, or to
derive profit, as in the past, from the crisis situation.

“It is necessary for all, and these servants of the state in particular, to
develop a spirit of saving and to seék to do the same work at less cost,”
President Pereira said.

“Within the country or abroad, our standard of living or consumption should
be consistent with our potential,” he said in conclusion.

5157
CSO: 3442/228

25



ATTEMPT. ON LIFE OF PLATEAU NPN CHAIRMAN

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Dec 83 p 16

[Text]

UNKNOWN: persons © on
Wednesday last’ week fired
bullets into the bedroom of the

jateau State Chairman: of the

tional Party of Nigeria (NPN),
Alhaji Abdullahi Adamu, in Jos.
‘The shots shattered two bedroom

-windows but no one Was hurt.

Speaking to the New Nigerian

after ‘conducting our. reper .

ji

‘pound his house,
Adamu alleged the ‘NPP. was

behind it. "=

He said he alerted the police
and the people of the state in Oc-
tober this year that a plah was be-
ing .hatehed by ‘the NPP to
murder some NPN leaders in the
state, including himself:

“They. sthink.<that by
‘eliminating some.of.us, they will
achieve their politica! ambifion”,

cso: 3400/525

he said, adding that the attempt
‘on his life had not shaken him but
hat it-had strengthened his faith
inthe ideals of the NPN.

“alhaji Abdullahi advised. all

NPN “supporters not. to worry
about the attempt on his life but
should remain calm and report
any incident to the police.

‘Police told the New Nigerian on.
Tuesday ‘that ‘they ‘recovered
about 20 bullets fromthe room,
adding that they shad gone ‘into

swift action to track down those *

involved. They further said the
nshots ‘were the handi
ired killers.

On November 16, unknown per-
sons also fired bullets into the
house of the NPN Legal Adviser,
ri Galley Brown * Peterside
(S.A.N.) ar

91

NIGERIA



SWA TRANSIT POINT FOR ANGOLAN TIMBER

Windhoek WINDHOEK OBSERVER in English 23 Dec 83 p 12

[Text]

cso:

GROOTFONTEIN: The
masses of timber coming
from some secret source
are now being stored at a
new locality. Formerly
these tree trunks of dolf
wood were lying in their
thousands near the
railhead of this town, but
since the depot is a
smallholding about 10 km
to the west of the town.

The timber comes from
Angola, and since the in-
flux into South West
Africa which is merely a
transit point, thousands of
tons of high standard
timber have been exported
to undisclosed destina-
tions.

The issue is a serious
one, and represents one of
the biggest impediments in
the way of dialogue bet-
ween Pretoria and Luan-

3298/569

da.
The company controlling
the timber is registered as
FRAMA Inter-Trading, with
a second sister company
registered as Namibicom
(Pty) Limited. Two
Portuguese-speaking men
each holds a share, and for
the remainder the two com-
panies are shrouded in
mystery.

A fleet of SCANIA trucks
hurtle up and down South
West Africa, and it ts clear
from observations. over
several years that they enjoy
preferences sometimes not
even granted our police. A
baffling mystery, but with
serious undertones for
charges of economic
sabotage, albeit inflated,
have been formulated.

The Observer runs risks
when in the vicinity of this
timber depot. It has received
ample warnings, and in fact
there has been one ugly inci-
dent which stopped short of
violence.

ANGOLA



According to the head of professional training for the State Secretariat of
Agricultural Hydraulics, Horacio Listo, the small number of participants for
such a vast area is due to problems involving a shortage of instructional
material and instructors, among other factors.

Part of the subject matter to be offered in this course will consist of topo-
graphy work associated with the execution of. projects, the establishment of
main or secondary bridges, estimates. of excavation and earth fill volumes,
guidance and checking of work on heavy machinery for construction and supervi-
sion of the construction on irrigation and drainage canals.

2909
CSO: 3442/251

74



WARNING ON INFILTRATION--In a statement earlier in the week army headquarters
said that it was geared to meet the annual infiltration of SWAPO insurgents,
and that it would strike at SWAPO wherever they were to be found, including
hot pursuit raids into Angola. The statement referred to the murder of two
people in the Ovambo-speaking region and the Kavango. Three more people
were wounded, and according to the statement the assailants made use of
Makarov and Tokarev pistols. One of the killed were identified as Mr

David Kampenge of the Nkurunkuru District in Kavango. [Excerpt] [Windhoek
WINDHOEK OBSERVER in English 23 Dec 83 p 13]

cso: 3400/522

80



--to cooperate clesely in the social, economic, military, scientific,
cultural, commercial, financial, technical and touristic fields, and
particularly in. the areas of judicature, customs, health and energy, etc...

Cooperative Struggle Against Endemic Diseases

It is interesting to note that the members of CEPGL are cooperating in the
fields of health, social security, education, youth and sports. In the
health field, CEPGL has set up a mixed committee for epidemiological
surveillance which has facilitated the emergence of a cooperative and
effective struggle against endemic diseases. Also, in the field of social
security, the member states of CEPGL have signed a general convention on
social security to regulate the problem of benefits for migrant workers,
including those who worked during the colonial era.

As for cooperation in the educational field, the universities of the three
countries decided to send their professors on exchange tours and to receive
students who are nationals of the other member countries of the CEPGL. In
the field of scientific research, it is encouraging to see that efforts here
are being coordinated.

CEPGL is also planning to regionalize certain institutions of higher learning
and technical education. These institutions would then benefit from the
support of the Community so that they could increase their admissions capacity.
In the field of youth and sports exchanges, CEPGL intends to promote solutions
appropriate to the problems of urban and rural youth, as well as sports
exchanges which do so much to bring peoples together. One example is the
automobile rallies that have been held.

A community-wide football tournament is scheduled in the months to come. And
competitive activities in other athletic disciplines will be considered where
possible. We note that CEPGL encourages cultural exchange in general, not
just by supporting athletic events, but also and more importantly by
undertaking studies and research projects on the cultural patrimony of the
three countries. The basic objective is still that of bringing the peoples
of Burundi, Rwanda and Zaire closer together, so that CEPGL might be a real
community of peoples, something more than a mere economic community.

Community Investments

In the field of tourism, CEPGL is doing everything possible to promote tourism,
an undeniable source of foreign exchange, which the member states need.

With regard to industrial cooperation, the goal in mind is to encourage
complementarity and interdependence, and to fill production gaps in order to
have exportable surpluses. That cooperation has found expression in the
creation of community enterprises, five of which are already off the ground:
—~the project to exploit the methane gas of Lake Kivu (Rwanda and Zaire) ;

--the Katana cementworks (Bukavu-Zaire) ;



The Prime Minister emphasised Zimbabwe's non-aligned status.

"T trust that all our friends, and we have very many friends indeed of
differing ideologies, will recognise and respect our sovereign right to
adopt our own foreign policy, just as we recognise and respect their own
sovereign right to do so. It is on this understanding that we have accepted

aid from them."

Zimbabwe was a member of many international and regional organisations
ranging from the UN to SADCC and was a member of such organisations as the
World Bank. The intricate relationship had to enhance and promote indepen-
dence.

"For the will of the people of Zimbabwe must, at all times, remain supreme
and paramount over their affairs...

"Therefore we will firmly refuse to mortgage our Zimbabwean personality for
any grants or form of aid, for to do so is not only to become a mercenary
state but to turn also the’ voice of Zimbabwe into that of a resonant mega-
phone and its actions at home and abroad into the guided dancing steps of a
manipulated puppet state."

Cde Mugabe said the nation could take pride in holding its own economically
in a year which saw economic recession and a drought in the country. He
praised those who had helped their extended families withstand. the effects
of the two years of drought and he thanked the peasants themselves for the
many self-reliance projects they had organised to alleviate their plight.

Agriculture saw the greatest decline in production, due mainly to the drought
destruction of food crops, although tobacco and cotton had done reasonably

well.

"T trust the recently announced pre-planting prices for agricultural prod-
ucts will, given good rains, ensure the full recovery of the sector and
help us to restore our depleted food reserves."

Mining output increased as a result of an upturn in prices with most minerals
having an improving performance with the exception of asbestos, copper,
cobalt and nickel.

Despite the upturn the mining sector was still affected by rising production
costs and high levels of borrowing, the reason for the budgeted $40 million
for deserving mines to draw on to offset their high cost structure. °

Manufacturing had poor fortunes with metals, textiles, clothing and foot-
wear, wood and paper all having negative growth while drink, tobacco, foods,
chemical and petroleum products, transport and equipment all had improved

performances.

Foreign currency was the main constraint affecting this. sector although the
Prime Minister said he hoped the hardship would be alleviated by World Bank
revolving credit and the export incentive scheme.

108



NAMIBIA

EXPERT CALLS FISH QUOTAS STILL TOO HIGH

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Jan 84 p 10

[Text] Windhoek.--More than a ton of fish is caught annually off the South
West African coast for every inhabitant of the territory, the director of
Sea Fisheries, Dr Jan Jurgens, said yesterday.

“And the tragedy is that we receive nothing for it,"--he said in Windhoek.

Whitefish quotas awarded this year to member countries of the International
Commission of South East Atlantic Fisheries totalled more than 1,2 million
tons compared to SWA's population of slightly more than one million.

ICSEAF quotas are based on surveys conducted annually to determine the
extent of fish resources off the Southern-African Atlantic coast line.

A team of Spanish scientists are carrying out research on pelagic fish
resources in the area between Walvis Bay and Oranjemund, while.a Soviet
research vessel, the Gujiga, was covering the area between Walvis Bay and

the Cunene River, Dr Jurgens said.

South Africa is expected to carry out a similar research programme between
Cape Town and Oranjemund.

Research results would be used to determine the size of fishing quotas at
the next meeting of ICSEAF in December this year.

Although the international quotas were based on scientific surveys "I per-
sonally feel the quotas are still too high,” Dr Jurgens said.

Large-scale fishing off the SWA coast had the effect of depleting resources
closer to the shore.

SWA fishing concerns did not have the same trawling facilities for deep-sea
fishing and processing, while Spanish vessels for instance, received govern-

ment subsidies.

The net result was that SWA boats did not have ready access to the fish of
the Atlantic Ocean.-~Sapa.

cso: 3400/522
78



After discussion, the council announced the following principles that should in
future guide the operation of enterprises:

1. A spirit of joint effort and cooperation among chairmen and shop represent-
atives before resort to arbitration;

2. Application of truth in prices, and payment of a just wage for services
accompanied by rigorous and straightforward management.

3. Equal treatment of state corporations by the Executive Council.

4. Responsibility for the quality of managers of state corporations continues
to rest on the head of the Executive Council.

5. Any policy decision that may adversely affect the situation of a state
corporation is the responsibility of the Executive Council.

Abandoned Assets

The state commissioner for land affairs reported to the Executive Council
on the draft regulation law on abandoned assets and undeveloped or
underdeveloped assets.

After discussion, the Executive Council instructed the head of the Department
of Land Affairs to prepare another draft consisting of a single article to
rescind outright the provisions of regulation No 74 152 of 2 July 1974 as it
specifically affects abandoned assets.

Department of Mines and Energy

The commissioner for mines and energy reported to the council on the case of
the possible reopening of the Moanda refinery.

After reviewing the file, the council approved the commissioner's proposal and
instructed him to coordinate with his counterpart in planning to include the
project in the interim plan for economic recovery.

The council also heard the report of the state commissioner for public works
and territorial development in regard to the BCTA [expansion unknown] Boma
market.

According to the report, contractor Nombo and associates: 1) Did not respect
the terms of the contract that he has had with the Executive Council since
1978; b) deprived the Zairian National Posts and Telecommunications Office
(ONPTZ) of revenue that it should have been receiving since 1980; c) used most
of the funds allocated to the project for other purposes; d) poorly executed
other work; and e) was paid too much in relation to work done.

In summary, the contractor was found to be in default in performing his
obligations under the contract with the Executive Council and particularly in
terms of articles 6, 20 and 46 of the conditions of contract. For all these
reasons, the council decided to impose penalties on the contractor, to take the

104



DROUGHT DESTROYS 50,000 TONS OF COTTON

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 17 Dec 83 p 16

[Article by Fatima Isma Abdu]

[Text]

cso:

3400/525

: MORE than 50,000 tonnes
of ‘cotton’ have “been. des-
troyed by drought in the Nor-
thern States,’ the General
Manager of the Nigerian Cot-
ton Board, Alhaji Abubakar
Tunau Gusau, has said. .

He told the New ‘Nigerian
that since the beginning of the
cotton buying. season .in Oc-
tober this year; the board
could ‘not get half of-100,000 -
tonnes of cotton which was
their-expected. peak this year.

Alhaji Abubakar said'that out
of 38,000 tonnes of cotton seeds
produced in the: 1982/83 season,
20,000 tonnes: were returned to:
farmers for planting while the.re-

89

NIGERIA



|

this I wanted to tell you (he signaled to a domestic employee). Give me a
little coffee, and then I must go."

Again on the subject of Portugal, I asked: "Mr President, the fact that you
did not return from Portugal with any concrete results, financially speak-
ing..." (Here the president interrupted.)

“Well, I did not go there to ask for money. I set aside being president of
the republic. I am not a businessman. The goals of my visit to Portugal
were 100 percent achieved: talks with businessmen, the president of the
republic, the prime minister. The Portuguese people understood very well.
Mozambique will not collapse because Portugal has not extended its credit
line. I did not go to beg. I have not asked any country for money. My
purpose was to explain the need for cooperation with the People's Republic of
Mozambique. I do not want aid, I want cooperation--equal to equal.”

“This was the first thing," Samora Machel continued. “Moreover, this was the
purpose of my talks with the businessmen. And secondly, I needed to return
the visit of the president of the Portuguese Republic. I had to reciprocate.
His was a historic visit to Mozambique, the ice-breaker. Then I saw Prime
Minister Balsemao. I had to reciprocate. Thirdly, I wanted to explain the
situation in southern Africa and the goals of the Conference on the Develop-
ment of Southern Africa, and fourthly, to explain the danger of the apartheid
you support. You Westerners. You have made of South Africa an economic
power. You have made of South Africa a military power. Now you see, this is
a nuclear bomb in a child's hand. The most sophisticated equipment. Against
whom? Who is South Africa's enemy? When South Africa destroys the stability
of the region, it is doing nothing but carrying out the mission you sold it,
from the economic and the military points of view.”

Maputo and Pretoria

It was concerning this picture that Samora Machel smiled with satisfaction,
on telling the Portuguese journalists (and only Portuguese journalists, as he
made a point of emphasizing) about the meeting between the two “enemy” coun-
tries.

“At this meeting, we said that neither party should attack. Neither should
serve as a basis for destroying stability, like East Germany and West Germany.”

To a question about the effects of these talks on the mobility of the ANC in
Mozambique, Samora Machel answered promptly.

“What consequences? It never had bases in Mozambique."

"But they have offices," I commented.
“Well, what are offices? The offices will continue."

And what about counterpart measures? A newsman said: "Certainly South
Africa will demand counterpart measures. What will they be?"

57



BT

MOZAMBIQUE

PRESIDENT MACHEL DISCUSSES BISSAU SUMMIT, SOUTH AFRICA

O JORNAL Report
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 23 Dec 83 pp 22-24
[Article by Antonio Duarte: “O JORNAL Reporters Have Breakfast with Machel"]

[Text] Midday at the Bissalanca Airport, with a torrid sun high overhead.
Samora Machel, accompanied by Nino Vieira and Aristides Pereira, was to re-
turn to Mozambique. He emerged from the huge black Cadillac from the presi-
dent's fleet and glimpsed the 0 JORNAL correspondents. He came toward us.
“Hello there. Have you already sent the report of our meeting with South
Africa? You know very well what Mozambique is. You were there for 45 days.
The Portuguese know it well. For this reason I chose Portugal to announce
the news personally. You already have the news?" “The news agencies carried
it, Mr President.” "Marvelous, that's how the Portuguese are--fantastic."

Just prior to the conclusion of the summit meeting of chiefs of state of
African countries in which Portuguese is the official language, held in
Bissau, 0 JORNAL asked for an interview with Samora Machel. The president's
secretary informed him of the request. The answer, a few hours later, was
that the president would meet with us, but he wanted to talk with other
Portuguese journalists too. He wanted to have breakfast with us.

Tuesday, the last day of the Fourth Summit Meeting. As usual, Samora Machel
rose at 6 am. He worked out for an hour and took an invigorating bath.

It was 8:50 when the president met with the five Portuguese newsmen at the
residence assigned him in Bissau. He seemed to be in great form. He wore an
expression of content.

He greeted us and excused himself for the delay (the meeting had been
scheduled for 8).

The Crystal Vase

A Mozambican photographer leaned against a vase of flowers, which fell over,
breaking an ash tray. Samora Machel was relieved because the vase did not
break. "You see," he said, “it's crystal. Only the ash tray broke. That
doesn't matter. Here, let's leave it there." (He placed the vase on the
preceding day's issue of the Maputo NOTICIAS.)

53



Third Military Region

Commander of the third military region in Maroua: Colonel Constantin Epanya !
Tiki; commander of the seventh military sector in Maroua: Colonel Constantin

Epanya Tiki, in addition to his primary duty as commander of the third

military region.

The officers named above shall be entitled to the perquisites authorized by
the laws and regulations currently in force.

Separate Unit Commanders

Commander of the headquarters regiment in Yaounde: Lieutenant Colonel
Benoit Asso Emane; commander of the engineer regiment in Douala: Lieutenant
Colonel Celestin Nguemaleu; commander of the armored reconnaissance
battalion: Lieutenant Colonel Songola Taka; commander of the 24th Infantry
Battalion: Lieutenant Colonel Martin Sinkam; interim commander of the
field artillery battalion: Captain Esai Ngambou; interim commander of the
antiaircraft artillery battalion: Captain Samuel Teyang; commander of the
signal battalion: Major David Mbombe; commander of the medical battalion
and chief of the operational medical division: Major (M.D.) Victor Nnengue.

Chief Surgeons of Sectors and Garrisons

Chief surgeon of the second military sector and the Ebolowa garrison (post)
infirmary: Major (M.D.) Simon Endezoumou; chief surgeon of the seventh
military sector and the Maroua garrison infirmary: Captain (M.D.) Elysse
Bizome Bigome; chief surgeon of the fourth military sector and the Douala
garrison infirmary: Major (M.D.) Nyamsi Tatchou; chief surgeon of the
Gaoura garrison infirmary: Captain (M.D.) Godfred Weriwoh Tembeng; chief
surgeon of the Bafoussam garrison infirmary: Major (M.D.)

Honore Nsoh Mbogos; chief surgeon of the Bamenda garrison infirmary:
Captain (M.D.) Kimbo Chia; chief surgeon of the Buea garrison infirmary:
Captain (M.D.) Samson Nkoumou; chief surgeon of the Nkongsamba garrison
infirmary: Captain (M.D.) Jonas Nken; chief surgeon of the Bertoua
garrison infirmary: Captain (M.D.) Jean-Marie Ateh Mbga.

Pursuant to a presidential decree also signed on 5 November 1983, Lieutenant
Colonel Pierre Pierson of the French technical military assistance mission is
assigned, by delegation, as commandant of the Combined Arms Military Academy
in Yaounde effective upon signature of that decree.

Military Secretariat

Chief @lerk of the correspondence section: Chief Petty Officer Jean Endomo
Mbarga;:chief of the military sports section: Major Alfred Fuller.

Directorate for Administrative and Statutory Affairs
Assistant director: Lieutenant Colonel Sylvestre Mang; deputy director for
regulations and legal affairs, by delegation: Lieutenant Colonel Joseph

Gulka Tarroux of the French technical military assistance mission; plans and
studies officers: Major Francois Mvondo and Major Charles Nkoho.

15



discussion in Lisbon on Guinea Bissau's economic problems. This already
represents a more open approach which we appreciate and for which we express
heartfelt thanks. This is a sincere and altruistic gesture concerning
Guinea-Bissau's economic problems.

[Question] As you know, Portugal is experiencing a period of serious eco-
nomic difficulty. In practical terms, there will be less money in the coming
year for aid to the Portuguese-speaking African countries. How do you think
cooperation between the two countries can function, under these circumstances?

{Answer] It may function in various ways. For example, some Portuguese
businesses (the main one is Soares da Costa) are currently planning to
operate in Guinea-Bissau, and shortly another, from Oporto, I think, will
come. In the fishing sector much can be done as well. This is a sector of
great importance to us. The Portuguese experience can help us considerably,
and Portugal can benefit from our fish. Another aspect, triangular coopera-
tion, is also important. President Mitterrand spoke to us about this in
specific terms: the possibility of triangular cooperation with Portugal. I
have learned that the United States of America is also interested in triangu-
lar cooperation, with Portugal as the intermediary. I have personally dis-
cussed this issue with President Mitterrand in Paris.

[Question] Where the economic problems of Guinea-Bissau are concerned, there
is every indication that the peso will be devalued shortly. Can you confirm
this?

[Answer] For the time being, there is no talk of the devaluation of the
peso. In the future, perhaps. It is true, however, that we plan to adopt
corrective economic measures, such as increasing taxes, increasing production
and increasing exports.

The IMF and Guinea-Bissau
[Question] And there is an IMF loan, is there not?

[Answer] This will be discussed in accordance with the measures in our eco-
nomic and financial recovery program. That is, the loan will be granted on
the basis of the development of the implementation of the guidelines estab-
lished within the framework of our economic and financial stabilization pro-
gram. We must fulfill the requirements imposed on us by the IMF in order to
obtain this loan.

[Question] What is or are the main guideline or guidelines for development
and economic stabilization in Guinea-Bissau for the coming years?

[Answer] Increasing production is our basic concern--increasing agricul-
tural production to guarantee domestic supplies and self-sufficiency. And
then the development of the production of peanuts and wood for export, and
making the fishing sector functional. These are sectors we regard as having
priority. We are also planning to develop the exploitation of ores. But
basically, our attention will be focused on agriculture, forests, and....

44



LESOTHO

BRIEFS

WOMEN RECRUITED BY LLA--Maseru.--The security of Lesotho was in great danger
now that women were being recruited by the Lesotho Liberation Army, a
Lesotho magistrate said yesterday. Mr G H Mphafi was passing sentence on
two Basotho women, convicted in the Leribe Magistrate's Court for assisting
the LLA, the military wing of the exiled opposition Basotholand Congress
Party, in its campaign to overthrow the Government of Lesotho by force.

The court sentenced Mrs Mamanoeli Letsopa (34) to five years' imprisonment
without the option of a fine and fined Mrs Mamatela Lebona (32) R300 (or

15 months' imprisonment). Mrs Letsopa was convicted of “supporting and
benefiting" members of the LLA with the intent to overthrow the Government
of Lesotho by force on June 30 last year. The court convicted Mrs Lebona

of the alternative charge of withholding information about the presence of
LLA insurgents in the area. In passing sentence, Mr Mphafi said the security
of the country was in great danger now that the LLA had women sympathisers.
Exhibits of hand grenades, bullets and other ammunition were confiscated by
the state.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Jan 84

p 9)

cso: 3400/583

48



(DTA) controlled
National Assembly and

the South African:

appointed: Administra-
tor-General. were
brought to a boil over a
seemingly innocuous
piece of draft legislation
dealing with public holi-
days.
The then Administra-

tor-General, Mr Danie
Hough, refused to ratify:

-eommemorating what
cused tobe Settlers’ Day

f

which aimed at i

abolishing Bouth Atri:

te pau ublic holidays and

‘of ier d
Politica observers la-

tet
fs Gone for. fear
ematonally

Iavake a backlash from
@- gection ‘of the: white
community,

Next year, SWA/Nami-
bia will-still: be ‘observ-
ing South African. public
‘holidays: such: Ag Kru

rs Day, Fete

‘ow, and eepu Bue Day.

CSO: 3400/522

” ‘The territory: will not
be ‘observing: Founder's
‘Day. Instead, it will be

“On November 12, lead-
ers of ‘seven’ political
grou upings convened in
Windhoek for an ‘initial:
session of two weeks ‘to’
review the SWA/Nami-':
bian situation. «+

The multi-party con-
ference (MPC), said to be:
‘a ‘spontaneous: effort
«Without outside’ ggsist-:. .

ance: or influence, was'|
hares oO:

in. South Africa, some
time in September.
The central Govern- -
ment in the territory has
reverted.to Mr: Hough's
successor, Dr'Willie van
Niekerk, but on ‘the

second tier of govern- * attended by
ment a judicial commis- | the ‘Damara

ad, “the
Rehoboth Liberation
Front, the SWA National:
Party, the SWA National:
Union, wapo-’|
Democrats and the 11
mm parties ‘pf the

“Spokesmen of the MPC: |
said.at a news confer-'! }
ence’ that it still recog-
nised UN Resolution 496
as the only viable inde-
pendence plan for SWA/
Namibia, ‘but it recog-
nised also that certain

roblems were delaying”
Thplementation:

ion of inquiry has found
malpractices in the
ethnic authorities.

SWA/Namibia’s
population of about one
million is comprised of
11 ethnic groups, each
with ‘a separate govern-
ment structure on: pro-
vineial level, even” for
the a pawane who nymber

one system’ has’ been
strongly. opposed in the
past and the findings of
the commission of in-
quiry has led to renewe'
calis for the. scrapping o}
the ethnic authorities.

The MPC would review
\ the entire ‘situation ‘in-

77

‘tiorially-when it recon-~
vened on January 18, the
spokesmen said,
© Qn'a' visit to Southern
Africa’at the end of Au-

“gust, the UN Secretary-

General, Mr Javier Perez

‘de Cuellar,’ conferred.

with. th politienl. | Jeaders in

Wing ing on @ brief from
‘the UN General Assem-

of} bly, Mr Perez de Cuellar

aid ‘personal calls on
leaders of African states
in an effort to secure
implementation of ,UN
Resolution 435.

After talks with South

/ African ‘officials, Mr
Perez de ‘Cuellar re-

ported :‘!substantial

«He said virtually all

“outstanding points had

been cleared up, but
added that implementa-
tion of the resolution
was being delayed by
“extraneous issues”
be apparent reference to
the dispute about
Cubans |in Angola. —

o-fernally- and interna: © SAPA.



BORDER RESIDENTS URGED TO REPORT STRANGERS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 9 Jan 84 p 13

[Text]

cso:

captured |

GABERONE. — The
Botswana Minister ‘of In-
formation, Mr Daniel
Kwelagobe, has com-
pleted a tour of the vil-

lages around the Bo- ”

tswana-Zimbabwe - bor-
der.

During the tour he as-
sured people of continued
protection against armed
intruders and urged resi-
dents to report the move-
ments of strangers.

Mr Kwelagobe’s visit
was sparked off by the
discovery in November of
two arms caches, one
near Butale and the other
near Matsloje.

‘A spokesman of the of-
fice of the President said
in Gaberone the caches,
containing substantial
quantities of weapons of
war, were revealed by
Zimbabwean

3298/569

anti-government. ~ ele-
ments.

These dissidents’ had
been arrested by the Bo-
tswana Defence Force
and subsequently —de-
ported. “

Mr Kwelagobe éau-
tioned -residents against
condoning ‘the: presence
of strangers.

He explained that if,

people entering Botswana
were genuinely seeking
political asylum, the auth-
orities would grant assist-
‘ance, but only if their
presence was reported.
‘He urged people’ to re-
frain trom crossing the
border illegally and said
gazetted border posts

* should be used.

It has also been learnéd
that the office of the
President continues to re-

| teive letters purporting to”

10

come from Zipra ele-
ments. threatening _re-
venge against the Bo-
tswana Government for
allegedly __ collaborating
with the Government of
Mr Robert Mugabe.

Police in Francistown
are meanwhile investigat-
ing the circumstances
leading to the death of
two young brothers be-
lieved to be Zimbabwean
refugees.

Their bodies . were
found-along the banks of
the Tati ‘river, Francis-
town, but their identities
are being withheld’ until
next of kin have been in-
formed.

People in the area said
at the time they heard a

+ big bang which sounded

like a hand ‘grenade blast.

BOTSWANA



bloc cooperative workers, have recently swelled in volume. The first indica-
tion came with the shortage of fuel in the country which led Mozambique Air-
lines to suspend the greater part of its domestic flights.

Neither Sadatization Nor Syrianization

At that point, an aviation fuel tanker arrived in Maputo. However, the fuel
could only be used in Soviet-manufactured military aircraft. "This fuel has
no civilian uses, although we have tried, without much success, to use it in
our commercial aircraft," a Mozambican technician at the Maputo refinery told
us.

Also, the officials in charge of international cooperation told us that eco-
nomic relations with the USSR have been on the increase in recent months,
with certain indications that the same is the case with military cooperation.
However, they also commented that Soviet aid does not always entirely meet
Mozambican needs.

As Samora Machel has said, the leaders in Maputo believe that these specula-
tions are the result of a “lack of understanding of the Mozambican policy of
nonalignment, and the constant efforts to situate the RPM within the context
of the East-West conflict."

Immediately after the Mozambican president's visit to Western Europe, the
question came up for discussion again in government and party circles-in the
capital, leading to continuity and even strengthening of this position on the
part of Machel, “Here there will be neither 'Sadatization' nor 'Syrianiza-
tion'," members of Mozambican government circles said, in a critical refer-
ence to what has happened with the two Middle Eastern countries.

The USSR recently made a credit line of $70 million available to Mozambique
for cotton cultivation. Western sources in Maputo also mentioned the in-
crease in military support as a response to the decision of some Western
countries, Portugal among them, to initiate cooperation with the RPM in this
sector.

5157
CSO: 3442/228

52



Briefs

SWAPO Blamed for Blast

Denial of SWANO 'Deviation'
No Official War Communications
Warning on Infiltration

NIGERIA

Prices Soar in Kaduna Despite Antihoarding Law
(Mariam Aleshinloye, Fatima Abdu; NEW NIGERIAN, 21 Dec 83)

Excessive Use of Imported Raw Materials Noted
(BUSINESS TIMES, 2 Jan 84) ...cccceccccccecceecesceccesees

Imports Exceed Exports, by Ndu Ughamadu
Solutions to Problem Suggested, by Arize Nwobi

Petrochemical Project To Supply Raw Materials
(BUSINESS TIMES, 2 Jan 84) ..

Gross Domestic Product Drops by 4.2 Percent
(Ndu Ughamadu; BUSINESS TIMES, 2 Jan 84) ...seceessecscoes

Drought Destroys 50,000 Tons of Cotton
(Fatima Isma Abdu; NEW NIGERIAN, 17 Dec 83) .ssseeeeeeeeee

Medium Section of Ajaokuta Steel Mill To Be Redesigned
(NEW NIGERIAN, 16 Dec 83) .sccccccccccccccccsccceesscseces

Attempt on Life of Plateau NPN Chairman
(NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Dec 83) ..cccccccevcceccsesdeccscsvcvces

Briefs
Civil Service Union President
"Religious Fanatics' Jailed
Communications Ministry Reorganization
UPPER VOLTA

ZAIRE

SUVESS 12th Congress Proceedings Reported
(L'OBSERVATEUR, 28 Dec 83) .cccccceccccccccsccecsecesssere

President Promulgates 1984 Budget; 2.6 Billion Zaires To Be Borrowed

(ELIMA, various dates) .

Commentary on Budget Importance, by Monsa Iyaka Duku
Budget Law Promulgation

Executive Council Discusses Presidential Election Bill, Other Topics

(Monsa Iyaka Duku; ELIMA, 17~18 Dec 83) ...+..

-da-

79
79
79
80

81

83

86

87

89

90

94

98

102



MOZAMBIQUE

EFFICIENCY, VIGILANCE OF CHIPEMBE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE PRAISED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 5 Jan 84 p 3

[Text] I knew that it was not merely "Chipembe Dam," but rather the Chipembe
Agricultural Enterprise. Until I got out of the wagon that had taken me along
side roads of communal farms that seemed endless, I thought that it was all
the same. "It has happened in the past; they changed names and things remained
the same," I thought silently.

Now, facing two new offices painted with bright whitewash, I had my first
surprise. Many minutes had elapsed since 1700 hours, but the offices remained
open and with people working.

Contrary to what I had thought, I could not enter easily. A smiling young man
asked me to tell him where I had come from, what matter I wanted to discuss and
with whom. I also displayed a smile that seemed convincing to me, but since
my voice was stifled by being hungry all day, I did not speak.

I looked for my credentials in the dusty red portfolio. The document was no
joke, because it had, thus far, over three stamps on both sides, in addition
to which it had been signed by the newspaper NOTICIAS itself.

The youth accepted the document, but did not invite me to enter the office
immediately. I began to think that Chipembe had been invaded by the bureau-
cratic plague. I had another surprise, because the service was so fast that
I did not find any possible pretext for comparing that service office with
the air-conditioned offices with which I am familiar there.

Inside, I found very clean premises, despite the red dust that attempts to
filter into every corner. The workers that I met there also smiled at me.
They apoligized for the delay that kept me waiting (something that I had not
noticed), and explained the young man's job to me.

One of them remarked: "We have to maintain constant vigilance against the
enemy." And he added: "There need not be armed bandits to require one to be
vigilant. It is a task that we received from the Fourth Congress: the defense
of the fatherland in all areas."

Then they spoke to me courteously about the politico-military situation of
Mozambique, as if they were viewing the entire country in a mirror. "Here,

69



CAPE VERDE

PRESIDENT APPEALS FOR NATIONAL EFFORT TO COMBAT DROUGHT
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 24 Dec 83 p 9

[Text] Praia--The president of the Republic of Cape Verde, speaking in the
city of Praia, has appealed for a “movement of national solidarity against
the drought,” the ANOP reports.

Aristides Pereira, who addressed a message to the National Popular Assembly
(ANP) of Cape Verde, made an appeal “to all citizens of Cape Verde living in
the country or abroad."

The Cape Verdian chief of state expressed the view that the measures adopted
by the executive branch headed by Pedro Pires "have allowed a certain stabil-
ity, such that generally speaking neither disruptions of supply nor serious
nutritional imbalances have occurred.”

However, he added, “the social situation resulting from the effects of the
drought is a worry."

According to Aristides Pereira, the last agricultural year was the worst
since 1975, with production 50 percent below that for the preceding year, and
sufficient to meet only 5 percent of the requirement for the basic food pro-
duct, corn.

“The most optimistic estimates," he went on to say, “point to bean production
representing 27 percent of the national requirement, at most. Fodder produc—
tion is practically nil on the islands to the north and hardly satisfactory
in Sotavento."

President Pereira announced that the government proposes "to intensify diplo-
matic activities with the donor countries and bodies, both within the regional
framework of the CLISS and internationally, with a view to obtaining aid for
the country which will permit not just simple survival, but the development
of conditions for a worthy and productive life.

“International solidarity has worked for us, and the people of Cape Verde in
general have benefitted from it," Aristides Pereira said. He asserted that
it is "indispensable that we establish solidarity among us, national solidar-
ity, in due measure.”

The president of Cape Verde made some comments on the decisions of the Second
Congress of the PAICV [African Independence Party of Cape Verde], stressing

24



MOZAMBIQUE

PRODUCTION PROBLEMS AT MARAGRA ENTERPRISE IN 1983
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 7 Jan 84 p 2

[Text] Last year, the Maracuene Agricultural Enterprise (MARAGRA) operated for
less time than it was shut down, attaining only 53 percent of its ‘production
goal. Officials from the sugar sector told NOTICIAS that the last season was
the most difficult that this enterprise had every experienced, with constant
stoppages due to the wearing out of the equipment and, often,, the late arrival
of spare parts for the machinery at the factory and in the cane fields, as
well as the transportation fleet.

The last season's work at MARAGRA began 70 days late because, as we were told
on the site, of the late arrival of grinders and burners (equipment which is
produced by CIFEL); and hence it ended with half the cane still in the field.
The season lasted from June to December, and the cane that was left in the field
will be used in the season's work to begin next June.

Regarding the reasons that prompted the cane to be left in the field, we were
told that this was due to the fuel shortage. During the last 2 days of the
season which has ended, MARAGRA even used fuel obtained from the processing
of the sugar cane itself.

Fernando Jorge Cardoso, general director of MARAGRA, told our reporter: "During
recent years, the replacement of worn equipment in the factory, the irrigation
system and the transportation fleet did not take place. This contributed to the
constant breakdowns in 1983, especially in the factory. The breakage of pipes,
and the damage to electric motors, pumps and other facilities in the field,
forced consecutive stoppages for repairs."

That official also said that, often, the damaged which occurred in the factory
necessitated the stopping of work in the field, because there the work is done
with power produced by the former.

Fernando Jorge Cardoso commented: "Moreover, the enterprise should have 5,000
sprinklers operating, but during the season it had only 1,000. MARAGRA has
47 irrigation and drainage stations in the field, but most of the electric
pumps do not operate, owing to lack of small parts."

67



Samora Machel: This is what we want to say to the South Africans. We have
3500 prisoners who were trained and equipped by South Africa. We have tons
and tons of equipment which came from South Africa. Now what does South
Africa want done with them? This is one of the points being discussed. Kill
them? Send them back? Look, we have to divert medicines, food and clothing
for the armed bandits, and we have to maintain an important force to keep
track of them when they should be doing other things.

Therefore I called Amnesty International and the International Red Cross. We
will turn the 3500 men over to them and ask them to listen to their crimes.
Augusto de Carvalho (former editor of the weekly EXPRESSO in Lisbon) here
knows this. He heard two, and when it came to the third he had had enough.
The correspondent of 0 JORNAL also saw. You saw the quality? I also took a
WASHINGTON POST correspondent to a gathering in Gaza where there were 50,000
persons, and the armed bandits were presented there with the clothing and
other things they had stolen from the people. I told you. Is it these
people you want in power in Mozambique? Or with whom you want to cooperate?
There were many people who found what they related sickening. Drugs are the
basis of their action. It is not human to put children, women and old people
in a hut and set fire to it. These are representatives of their own people.

It is not normal.

We must study how to punish the armed bandits severely. We must differenti-
ate two categories: those who were kidnapped and then committed crimes, the
volunteers and the leaders.

There at the meeting the people asked permission to kill at least three.
Augusto heard this, and we said no.

South Africa Tries To Destroy Stability
Portuguese Newsmen: Is South Africa prepared to grant your requests?

Samora Machel: It must be. I mean that the principal point is that South
Africa has not yet understood that it has been historically fighting us for a
long time now. The beginning was the establishment of the capital in
Lourenco Marques to serve the interests of South Africa. The ANC was born in
the struggle for the rights of equality and justice in South Africa in 1912,
when colonialism was being established in Mozambique. This was therefore 71
years ago, before Botha or any of those now in power in South Africa were
born. Mandella was in prison more than 20 years before the FRELIMO was even
founded.

If then they regard us as the agents of instability, we must accuse the
Portuguese of supporting terrorism, because these things happened even before
we existed. South Africa participated along with the Portuguese in the colo-
nial war beginning’ in 1965. We fought hard against them in Niassa and Cabo
Delgado. The pretext was Cabora Bassa. When we pushed the war further
south, Smith went to meet with Caetano and ask him to join openly in the war.
Who was it who interfered then?

60



Mbuh and Major Clement Mboussi Onana; G-3 plans and studies officers:
Lieutenant Colonel Samuel Ndigo Nzie, Lieutenant Colonel Rene Landrin of the
French technical military assistance mission, and Lieutenant Colonel Job
Ndjakou; G-3 assistant plans and studies officer: Captain Patrick
Houlbreque; G-4 plans and studies officers: Major Claude Moume Mbedy and
Captain Bouba Dahirou; G-4 assistant plans and studies officer: Captain
Samuel Nwatchoc.

Quartermaster Directorate

Assistant director, by delegation: Major Louis Cambon of the French technical
military assistance group; chief of the administrative and financial section,
by delegation: Major Louis Cambon of the French technical military assistance
mission, in addition to his primary duty as assistant director of the
Quartermaster Directorate; chief of the clothing, billeting, bedding,
furnishings, and provisions section (HCCA): Lieutenant Tanko Mohamadou.

Ordnance Directorate

Assistant director: Major Jean Tamoukoue Kamga; deputy director for motor
vehicles and engines: Major Jean Tamoukoue Kamga; chief of supply section:
Major George Fomundam Bah; chief of maintenance and support section: Captain

Williams Ako; deputy director for armament and ammunition: Major Amos
Wankaya; chief of armament section, by delegation: Lieutenant Marcel
Fournier of the French technical military assistance mission; chief of the
ammunition section: Captain Effoudou Abate; deputy director for special-
purpose equipment: Captain Jean-Bosco Nack; chief of optical and survey
equipment section: Captain Jean-Bosco Nack, in addition to his primary duty
as deputy director for special purpose equipment; chief of miscellaneous
equipment section: Lieutenant Jean-Pierre Owatta.

Operational Medical Division
Chief of studies and inspections section: Captain (M.D.) Jerome Baya.

In a series of decrees and orders effective 12 November 1983, the President
of the Republic assigned officers to positions in the following: General
Delegation for the National Gendarmerie, Ministry of the Armed Forces, Schools
and Training Centers Command, territorial military commands, and army,

air force, and navy headquarters staffs.

General Delegation for the National Gendarmerie

Inspector general of the national gendarmerie: Brigadier General Yaya
Oumaroud-Fam; national gendarmerie inspectors: Colonel Joseph Kalla and
Lieutenant Colonel Narcisse Eyango; senior director of coordination: Colonel
Hermann Akono; director of operations and organization: Lieutenant Colonel
Deffo Mambou; commander of the national gendarmerie's technical group:

Colonel Louis Lambidjeck; Schools and Training Centers Command: Lieutenant
Colonel Mbappe Moukouri; plans and studies officer: Captain Robert Blivet

of the French technical military assistance mission; chief of general services

17



by numerous imponderables related both.to the international economic crisis and
to the slenderness of our resources.

Our .people's will is unshakeable. However, its ability to move ahead is still
seriously impeded by the continuing inadequate. development of our productive
resources in the countryside, counterproductive factors in the state sector,
and the improvised character of our communications and transportation infra-
structure, which are so indispensable to development.

Our unprecedented efforts in the field of roads, ports, airports, telecomnuni-
cations, electrification, water supply, railroads, and storage facilities are
in accordance with the logic of the flexible plan and absorb a large part of
our resources. Their completion creates a new reality in the.nation and lays
sure foundations for progress toward the harmonious development of our country.

The Central Committee noted with satisfaction the successes recorded in the
completion of priority objectives, and exhorts the people as a whole to redouble
their efforts to achieve even greater victories.

The Central Committee deplored the divisions within several friendly revolu-
tionary organizations, diversions which in some cases encouraged direct action
by imperialism and in others diverted.the revolutionary forces from the main
direction of their advance, and thus from the real enemy.

The 14th regular plenum of the.Central Committee renews its support to the just
struggles of the peoples of South Africa, Namibia, Angola, Mozambique, Western
Sahara, Palestine,.Cuba, Nicaragua, Chile, and El Salvador, just as its ex~
presses its deep solidarity with all struggling people devoted to peace, justice
and liberty throughout the world.

After analyzing the international economic. crisis and the national economic

situation, the Central Committee gave its full attention to problems related
to the internal. functioning of the Party and to.the implementation of the -

1982-86 5-Year Plan.

On the subject of the internal functioning of the Party, the Central Committee
reviewed the implementation of the 1983 program by the.departments of the
political bureau. In that regard, the Central Committee, after noting with
satisfaction that the program was carried through to an impressive degree,
issued directives on the following questions:

--the Congress of peasants;

--the status of the Party in Brazzaville;

Regarding the Congress of peasants, the Central Committee asked the political
bureau to continue thinking about the question.of organizing the peasants, and
in particular to attempt to get a correct theoretical. grip on the problem of

the representativeness of individual peasants. Thinking on this subject should
be pursued in.the preparations for the Third Regular Congress.

34



“Sit down, my friends. EXPRESSO on my right and O JORNAL--the competition--
on the other side."

Samora Machel paused--one of his enigmatic silences. He smiled, and ordered
breakfast to be served. "There is papaya juice and there is pineapple juice.
Please serve yourselves."

Then there was chicken--the president's favorite dish. "Go ahead, eat. I am
not used to eating in the morning. I just drink juice.”

Samora Machel paused again. Then he dropped the “bomb.” “Did you know that
Mozambique is meeting with South Africa right now?"

He explained: "The meeting began an hour ago in the Kingdom of Swaziland.
Three South African ministers, headed by Peter Botha, are participating. For
our part, we have sent two ministers--Jacinto Veloso (Economic Affairs) and
Oscar Monteiro (Justice), and a provincial governor--Sergio Vieira (of
Niassa), apart from military officials. In all, six persons.”

The journalists, taken by surprise, were slow in reacting. The president
went on: “These talks are crucial. It is crucial to find a modus vivendi in
the region. One does not choose one's neighbors (laughter). We are an in-
convenience, but they are an inconvenience to us too. We cannot change geog-
raphy. But what can we say, hm? My journalists too will begin to listen
now. Yesterday I received a long, long Telex from the Americans. Throughout
the visit to the West, I met with a number of individuals bringing messages
from the Republic of South Africa and even from Portugal.”

Samora Machel could hardly conceal his happiness. Suddenly, he began to
speak in a lower tone, as if telling us some secret. "I think--this is
between us--that Botha hoped to win support during his visit to the West.
Especially from Portugal, which has 700,000 residents there. But he has
offended them: they are not Portuguese, he says, but South Africans of Por-
tuguese origin, and he speaks of winning the elections with the Portuguese.”

The president interrupted himself: “Won't you eat, then? Go ahead, take
what you will. I am not eating. I have just been exercising, and I haven't
yet cooled off." Then he went on.

Botha Was I11l-Treated

“I truly found a‘concept of Mozambique in Portugal. I have not been to the
FRG, but Botha was ill-treated there. He does not have many friends. Don't
bother to write. We are talking. Wait until 8 pm today: the BBC and the
Voice of America will carry the report. The Americans are there. They will
set the tone.”

Impeccably dressed in his marshal's uniform, and sitting straight in his
chair, Samora Machel shook my hand, looking me straight in the eye. Then he
slapped the EXPRESSO journalist on the back. Another pause. I commented:
“This is a historic meeting, Mr President." .

54



Second Military Region

Deputy commander of the second military region in Douala: Lieutenant Colonel
Paul Bell; chief of staff: Captain Moamadou Sali; S-1: Captain Beyeck Mamadou;
$-2: Captain Jean Bouelle Mbouelle: S-3: Captain Oumarou Bouba; S-4:

Captain Pierre Nkoumba Nkoumba.

Third Military Region

Deputy commander of the third military region in Maroua: Major Michael
Homngbe Ngen; chief of staff: Elie Ngong; S-1: Captain Amandus Balon;
interim S-2: Lieutenant Said Kamsouloum; S-3:. Captain Jean Temgoua; S-4:
Captain Yaro Aoudou; chief of staff of the second military sector in Ebolowa:
Captain Moise Ngara; deputy commander of the third military sector in Bertoua:
Major Jerome Komandu Sam; chief of staff of the third military sector in
Bertoua: Major Jerome Komandu Sam, in addition to his primary duty as deputy
commander of the third military sector; deputy commander of the fifth military
sector in Bafoussam: Major Lawrence Sunday Mfor; chief of staff of the

fifth military sector in Bafoussam: Captain Mana Bouba; chief of staff of
the sixth military sector in Ngaoundere: Captain Gustave Essaka.

Separate Unit Commander

Pursuant to a presidential order, Lieutenant Colonel Guillaume Mbomback is
assigned as commander of the airborne troops battalion effective 12 November
1983,

By order of the President of the Republic, the officers named below are
assigned to the positions indicated effective 1 November 1983:

a. Chief of staff of the republican guard legion in Yaounde: Captain Oudoua
Balla, previously commander of the Kousseri gendarmerie company; he replaces
Captain Housseini, transferred. :

b. Chief of staff of the Center gendarmerie legion in Yaounde: Captain
Jean-Pierre Godwe Mandandi, previously commander of the port gendarmerie
company in Douala; he replaces Major Etienne Sonna who has been assigned to
other duties.

c. Chief of staff of the South gendarmerie legion in Ebolowa;.a newly created
position: Captain Joseph Bup Nfor, previously commander of the Douala

gendarmerie.company. -: od, ie ot

d. Chief of staff of the East gendarmerie legion in Bertoua: Major Norbert
Kake who is already in that position.

e. Chief of staff of the Adamaouva gendarmerie legion in Ngaoundere, a newly
created position: Captain Daniel Baleguel Manguele, previously commander of

the Bafia gendarmerie company.

20



NIGERIA

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT DROPS BY 4.2 PERCENT
Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 2 Jan 84 p 1
[Article by Ndu Ughamadu]

[Text] Nigeria's Gross Domestic Product, GDP, for 1983 was estimated to
be 827.3 billion which compared to 428.5 billion for 1982 shows a 4.2 per
cent drop. This was contained in the 1984 Budget proposal.

GDP is the aggregate economic activity of a nation. However, what a nation
has to produce and sell can be reduced in terms of goods and services and
this gives a measure of the aggregate economic activity.

Nevertheless, GDP is usually distinguished from Gross National Product, GNP,
which is defined as: "Income received by the normal residents of the country
from productive activities including that earned abroad, if it accrues to the
residents. Income earned in the domestic economy where it accrues to non-
residents is usually excluded.

The 4.2 per cent drop in GDP, reflected the continued depressed oil sector
of the economy which has adverse effects on other sectors. ‘"Value added
in the petroleum sector, for instance declined from N4.4 billion to 44.1
billion a fall of nearly 7 per cent.

It is, however, significant to note that. the agricultural sector is recover-
ing from the stagnation of the previous year, and would have recorded a
growth rate of a 3 per cent in 1983, but for the droughts. © [as published]

Mr. Phillip Asiodu, said in a public service lecture in December 1983 (last
month) that the country registered negative rates of minus 5.5 per cent and
minus 3.4 per cent in GDP for 1981 and 1983 respectively.

"The figures for total Federal Government collected revenue fell from 415.2
billion in 1980 to 12.2 billion in 1981 to 10.6 billion in 1982".

The world economy is certainly not yet out of trouble. Simple comparison
shows that in the industrialised countries of the world, the rate of growth
of the Gross National Product dropped from 3.4 per cent in 1979 to an
estimated figure of only 1.6 per cent in 1983",

87



of the sea-related. assets which should consolidate our independence further and
assert. our. sovereignty. -He also praised.the special interest which the chief
of state, ‘His Excellency £1-Hadj.Omar. Bongo, and his: prime minister bear to the
sea sector arid*to maritime .transport..

Speaking abdut the vitality of the maritime transport, the minister delegate
declared that it: was a provider of foreign’ currency and a vector of foreign
trade through “its influence on the balance..of payments, consumers' prices,
investment costs and the -competitiveness of export products... He added that it
also guarantees steady:supplies, thus contributing to the country's political
stability.

With regard to future prospects, the company ‘would-be. considering the transport
of hydrocarbons’ and minerals. There are also. plans. to. service other parts of
the world, for, he added, “the two ships are only scheduled to ply the Gabon-
Northern Europe line.

6857
CSO: . 3419/324

41



sugar. 30 Naira or 75 kobo, a
packet; a carton of milk 48.50
Naira or 55 kobo a tin; and a car-
ton of Uniflit 55 Naira.or six
.Nairaa tin. -
The situation is quite different
in Funtua and Katsina where
even if one has the money, he
can’t get Omo and milk to buy.
When contacted, the state Com-
missioner for Trade and In-
dustry, Alhaji Falalu Bello, said

cso: 3400/525

the law had achieved its objective
because it was meant: to stop
hoarding of essential com-
modities. © :

He admitted: that prices of
essential. commodities were on
the increase, because the
distributors controlled. the
market situation.

He disclosed that the. state
government would soon organise
a dialogue with all manufactur-

82

ing companies to increase the.
numbers of their dealers and
distributors Particularly in the.
rural areas of the state.

The government, he said, felt
that if there were more
distributors in both the urban
centres and rural areas, the
monopoly of the few distributors
would be broken and prices of
good would drop.



DIARIO DE LISBOA Interview
Lisbon DIARIO DE LISBOA in Portuguese 22 Dec 83 p 15

[Text] DIARIO DE LISBOA is reporting today on the meeting held by President
Samora Moises Machel with Portuguese newsmen in Bissau to cover the summit
meeting of the Group of Five. In the excerpt we are printing below, the
president of Mozambique discussed the talks between Maputo and Pretoria.

It will be recalled that Machel singled out the Portuguese correspondents,
having given them an exclusive on the news of the talks between the two
countries.

",..Talks are in progress between Mozambique and South Africa in the Kingdom
of Swaziland.

Three ministers are representing South Africa, and the delegates from Mozam-
bique include Ministers Jacinto Veloso and Oscar Monteiro, representing the
Presidency for Economic Affairs and the Ministry of Justice, respectively,
Governor of Niassa Sergio Vieira, and several department directors as well as
military officers.

The talks are crucial for finding a modus vivendi for the zone. One does not
choose one's neighbors. We are inconvenient for them and they are inconveni-
ent for us. How will we coexist? We cannot change geography.

Yesterday I received a long Telex from the Americans, and after our visit to
Europe, I received a number of individuals who delivered messages from the
South African Republic, mainly Portuguese.

Portugal has interests there. It has 700,000 residents there, and Peter
Botha offended them when he said that they were not Portuguese, but South
Africans of Portuguese origin."

The Crimes of the ‘Armed Bandits’
Portuguese Newsmen: This is therefore a historic meeting.

Samora Machel: Decisive. Crucial to the life of southern Africa. They are
aware of this and the West and the Americans are too.

Portuguese Newsmen: Mr President, do you think that Botha's visit to the
West was crucial?

Samora Machel: No, it was our visit which was crucial. This was a response
to it. For the West, there was no RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique],
there was only the Soviet Union. I had breakfast with the editors of six
major newspapers in Great Britain. We talked very honestly and they told me
this.

Portuguese Newsmen: Yesterday there was a report of the seizure of a base in
Inhambane.

59



NIGERIA

EXCESSIVE USE OF IMPORTED RAW MATERIALS NOTED

Imports Exceed Exports
Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 2 Jan 84 p 14
[Article by Ndu Ughamadu]

[Text] The number of tonnes of cargo that were imported into the country
through the Lagos ports in 1983 is estimated to be 10,942,707 or 96.8 per
cent higher than the amount of tonnes of cargo exported for the same year,
investigations by the BUSINESS TIMES has shown.

Cargo imports via the Lagos ports exceeded cargo exports by 11,926,001
or 96.5 per cent in 1982 whilst the excess for 1981 is 11,223,940 or 94.7
per cent.

BUSINESS TIMES investigations revealed that an estimated total number of
2,132 vessels entered the Lagos ports in 1983. This represents about 452 or
17.5 per cent decrease over the 2,584 figure for 1982. With an aggregate of
2,873 vessels coming into the ports in 1981, the 1982 statistics was 289

or 5 per cent less than that of 1981. [as published]

Our investigations showed that net registered tonnage of vessels that entered
the Lagos ports in 1983 is estimated at 10,150,364. It was 11,825,895

in 1982. The figure is thus estimated to be 14.2 per cent less than that

for the preceding year whilst the figure for 1982 is 1,082,240 or 8.4 per
cent lower than the one for 1981. Net registered tonnage in 1981 was
12,908,135.

BUSINESS TIMES findings revealed that an estimated 11,307,318 tonnes of
cargo were imported through the Lagos ports in 1983. This amounts to
1,048,941 tonnes or 8.5 per cent decline over the 12,356,259 tonnes recorded
for 1982.

The figure for 1981 is 11,846,880 tonnes. There was thus an increase in

the 1982 cargo imports, amounting to 4.3 per cent or 509,379 tonnes when
compared with that of 1981.

83



Unhealthy

However, Cde Zvobgo said, he believed it was unhealthy for Lonrho to have
one African director. He called on the company to set an example for
others and make sure more blacks were given positions of authority.

"We have had enough of Muzorewas in this country. I must warn that the days
of window-dressers are over. We want more Zimbabweans in positions of genu-
ine authority," he said.

He also said the "silent multinationals", Anglo-American and Rio Tinto,
which had profiteered from this country had not ploughed back a cent and
should start doing so now.

"I would like the Minister of Foreign Affairs to be able to stand up in
international forums and say multinationals are partners in development.

"At the moment, there lingers a suspicion that they are mosquitoes," he
said.

cso: 3400/579

118



One of the residents, Cde Samuel Mutanga said some of ‘the squatters worked
for nearby farmers. Cde Mutanga said he worked for a city firm and com-
muted to and from Harare daily. "We can't get accommodation in Harare.
That is why we live here," he said.

He said squatters used to pay rent when the quarries were operating and had
not been paying anything since 1980.

Asked why they did not move out when the Government warned all illegal
settlers to pull down their homes and leave, one of the residents, Cde
Sarudzai Saini said although they heard the message, most residents thought
it did not affect them because they had been allowed to live there.

“The new Chirambahuyo camp, which was a few hundred metres from here was
demolished but this one was left intact because we have the permission to
live here. We are not squatters at all," he said.

Another resident who claimed to have lived at the camp for more than 30
years said most of the squatters did not want to be resettled because they
were working in Harare.

The squatters'children attended schools in Waterfalls where there are
sufficient facilities. "We also go there for medical treatment because
we don't have clinics here," said Cde Kid Gonzo, a domestic worker in
Southerton. Cde Gonzo said he preferred to live at the camp because he
had a big house to accommodate his two wives and a large family.

cso: 3400/579

121



In Libya, ever since the overthrow of the King Idriss monarchy by Colonel
Qadhdhafi's military coup d'etat on 1 September 1969, two policy priorities
have been affirmed: unity of the Arab world (the heritage of Nasir, who died
in 1970) and development of relations with the other African countries,
priorities that in combination shed particular light on Tripoli's omnipresence
in the Chadian issue.

The dizzy growth of oil revenues throughout the 1960's enabled that country to
become a first-rank financial, military and political power in Africa and to
develop an expansionist strategy that is unrivaled on the continent.

This material power is put at the service of an ideology of “power of the
masses," defined in Colonel Qadhdhafi's Green Book. This “third world
theory,” rejecting capitalism and communism, offers a “true socialism" based
on "the only democracy that has been established in the world, since it is
based on government of the people by the people." The defense and propagation
of Islam go hand in hand with application of the Green Book.

Without dwelling any further on the rather vague features of this so-called
third world theory, it remains true that the Libyan financial capability and
the remarkable economic and social achievements--which people usually forget
to mention--since Colonel Qadhdhafi's rise to power are capable of seducing
both the heads of state of neighboring African countries living in destitution
and the adherents of national liberation movements attracted by socialist
talk.

Libya thus has some trumps, which Libya would be naive to ignore, enabling it
to give free rein to its expansionism; but for it consequently to want to
become a mere armed tool of the USSR in Africa is the product of a completely
simplistic view developed by Reagan and the most conservative African heads of
state--Houphouet-Boigny to Eyadema, and including Bongo--a view often adopted
in France by most of the Right and part of the Left, the most Atlantic-minded
or pro-Israeli.

Libyan strategy with regard to Chad is two-fold: offensive, expression of its
expansionism; and defensive, fear of encirclement. Let us examine the second
aspect first.

In June 1982, the fall of Chad President Goukouni, an unreliable ally of
Tripoli, and the return of H. Habre to power with the support of the United
States, Sudan and Egypt were some cause for worry to a Libya already hemmed in
on the east by Egypt and Sudan, and on the north by the U.S. Sixth Fleet
patrolling the Mediterranean. It was vital that a new front hostile to Libya
not be opened in Chad, while Libya's relations with its western neighbor, oy
Tunisia, continued to be marked by mutual distrust.

‘Following Reagan's election, the close military cooperation between the United
States, Sudan and Egypt (joint maneuvers), the incidents in the Sidra Gulf
(Libyan planes intercepted by the Sixth Fleet), and the American determination
to use Hissein Habre's Chad as a new staging point in its African policy gave
some credence to the encirclement idea, along with the failure to hold the OAU
summit conference in Tripoli that isolated Libya from the majority of the
countries of the African continent.

28



The review we have just completed enables us to see that at the end of its 7
years of existence CEPGL already has to its credit a number of positive
achieyements. However, there is still a long way to go before the aim of
economic integration has been achieved: the creation of a more viable
regionaleconomic unit for the mutual benefit of the member countries of the
CEPGL.

9516
CSO: 3419/246



O JORNAL: As the host of the Fourth Summit Meeting of Chiefs of State
of Portuguese~Speaking Countries, you certainly have a final word to say,
Mr President, about the practical results of this gathering.

Nino Vieira: Well, I think that this summit meeting was rather good, not
only because it was held in Guinea-Bissau, a fact of which I am proud, but
also because it allowed us, the five African countries in which Portuguese is
the official language, to meet and agree upon ideas, not only where the
political and economic realms are concerned, but also with regard to various
projects we have planned: the common bank problem, trade exchange, cadre
training.

[Question] I think, Mr President, that the question of eliminating visas
among the five countries was also taken up.

[Answer] Yes, we took up this question, and it may possibly be discussed in
greater detail at the next summit meeting.

[Question] As to the proposal by the Portuguese foreign minister about the
expansion of the Group of Five to include Brazil and Portugal, what do you
think?

[Answer] At this time, we are considering it. However, we believe that this
proposal by the Portuguese government is premature at this time. We may look
into the matter further at the next summit meeting in Sao Tome, in order to
make our final assessment.

[Question] But is there some commission entrusted with studying the matter
until then?

[Answer] Well, to date there is no commission. The CPI began this year, in
1983, with Cape Verde in the presidency of the Conference of Chiefs of State
of Portuguese-Speaking African Countries, and it is only now that we, Guinea-
Bissau, will take the discussion to a more specific level, pending the
holding of the Sao Tome summit meeting.

[Question] Wasn't the question discussed at this summit meeting, even in the
cloakrooms?

[Answer] No, it was not discussed.

No Change Regarding Portugal

[Question] As an independent country and one which underwent a transforma-
tion in November of 1980, what position does Guinea-Bissau take with regard
to Portugal?

[Answer] Nothing has changed in our relations with Portugal. We are rather
thinking of expanding our cooperation still further, not only on the level of

President Eanes, but the PS/PSD [Socialist Party/Social Democratic Party]
itself. I have noted that Portugal proposed the holding of a round-table

43



--the Mashyuza .cementworks (Cyangugu-Rwanda);
--the regional pharmaceutical laboratory (Bujumbura~Burundi).

Other industrial projects which are not yet under construction are under
study, such as production of metallic containers, the wood industry, the
fishing industry, and processing of livestock products. In addition, the
permanent secretariat of CEPGL has been given a mandate to identify projects
and present them to the appropriate Community organs to determine whether
they might qualify as community projects.

In addition, a Community investment code has been adopted, in order to promote
the investment of capital either from inside the community on from elsewhere.
The code offers special incentives for joint or community enterprises,
including tax advantages and privileged access to the markets of the three
member countries. The same concern to promote productive investment and
socio-economic development in general led to the creation, in March 1980, of
a subregional development bank, the Development Bank: of the Great Lakes States
(BDEGL), with headquarters in Goma (Zaire).

Energy: Important Factor in Progress

Energy, that important factor in technical and economic progress, continues
to receive all the attention it deserves in the context of regional
cooperation among the member countries of CEPGL. To that end, the Great Lakes
Power Organization (EGL), which was established long before the birth of the
Community, has been upgraded.

In reality, it was originally created to deal with electrical energy, and

" more precisely to manage the hydroelectric energy of the Ruzizi, produced
on the border between Rwanda and Zaire. After the creation of CEPGL, this
binational agency became the Community's energy organization. Its basic
mission.is to concern itself with all aspects of energy and to promote the
exploitation of all sources of alternative energy.

In the energy. field, EGL is taking initiatives in the area of hydroelectric
power but also biogas and gasogenes. In addition, it is authorized to
investigate all sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal
energy, etc...

Struggle Against Malnutrition

As the majority of the population of the three member countries of CEPGL gains
its livelihood from agricultural activities, the need to struggle against
malnutrition and the importance of agriculture’ were among the reasons leading
these countries to cooperate in the agricultural domain.

In that context, in 1979, the Community established the Institute for Agronomic
and Zootechnical Research at Gitega (Burundi). We note that it operates in
close collaboration with the existing national research institutes.



possible for economic. activity to increase by about 12 percent, in real terms,
between 1981 and 1982.

In 1983, though the state has made an equivalent investment commitment, the
accumulation of unfavorable factors at the international level and the per-
sistence of problems in the state enterprises have preventéd very significant
growth in domestic economic activity.

Study of this situation led the Central Committee to recommend application of
the adjustment measures identified in the August 1983 session.

Actions to be taken in the period 1984-1986 will aim to:
-~improve ‘budgetary balance and the balance of payments;
--reduce total opezating expenses in real terms;

--adapt the investment program to the government's financing capacity and thus
also continue studies aimed at scaling down certain large projects;

--maintain the level of investment outlays that is essential for controlling
national economic development;

--reduce the vulnerability of the domestic economy to the vagaries of the oil
market; and carry out a policy of diversification of resources, continuing with
the reform of the state séctor and implementing a policy of providing incentives
to the creation of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Finally, the Central Committee examined the proposed operating and capital
budgets for 1984 and recommended avoiding any imbalance in their execution.

To that end, the Central Committee insists that the Steering Committee keep a
firm grip on implementation of the Plan, using the adjustment mechanisms in the
flexible planito safeguard macroeconomic balance.

Done in Brazzaville, 7 December 1983

The Central Committee.

9516
cso: 3419/300

37



ZIMBABWE

MINISTER ZVOBGO DEFENDS ONE-PARTY SYSTEM
Bulawayo THE CHRONICLE in English 3 Jan 84 p 1

[Text] Zimbabwe cannot afford a "drought of true, trusted and incorrupti-
ble leaders who can prevent the country from being sacrificed on the alter
of tribalism," the Minister of Legal and Parliamentary Affairs said at the
weekend.

Addressing a gathering at a New Year banquet held by Lonrho in Harare,
Cde Eddison Zvobgo said Zimbabwe had learnt a lesson from other African
countries where there had been "a drought of leadership".

"A drought of leadership leads to death, carnage and starvation," he said.

There were those in the international.community who tried to influence
educated people in and outside the Government that they could take over the
leadership of the Government from the Prime Minister.

Cde Zvobgo warned such elements who wanted to cast "the party asunder" that
they would be "shamed".

"ZANU(PF) stands for a one party state under the leadership of. Cde Mugabo.
We do not fight for positions, but strive for peace, development and unity.
Those who try to cast us asunder will be shamed," he said.

Cde Zvobgo said although Lonrhowas a multinational and was a representative
of the "ugly face of capitalism, which is Tiny Rowland," it was still welcome
in Zimbabwe.

The Minister of Education told him 122 000 young Zimbabweans sat for their
O-Level examinations this year and only about 22 000 would find. places at
higher institutions. The rest would require jobs, which the Government did
not have.

"Multinationals like Lonrho provide those jobs and are welcome to do so," he
said.

117



Subdirectorate for Administrative Affairs

Chief of social services section: Major Halidou Bouba; chief of data
processing section, by delegation: Captain Jean Marellec of the French
technical military assistance mission; chief of the central pensions section:
Captain Ernest Yombo.

Budget and Equipment Directorate

Assistant director, by delegation: Major Andre Jacques of the French
technical military assistance mission; deputy director for budget, supply,
and contracting: Major Philemon Nguele Amougou; chief of budget and programs
section: Major Simon-Pierre Dagafounangsou; interim chief of contracting
section: Lieutenant Roger Ebode Mendouga; deputy director for military real
property and installations, by delegation: Lieutenant Colonel Gerard Lemoine
of the French technical military assistance mission; interim chief of the
military real property management section: Lieutenant Moise Ntolo.

Civilian and Military Personnel Directorate

Assistant director: Major Jean Saa; chief of personnel and "chancellery"
section: Captain Jean Basilide Zanga; chief of the national central records
file: Captain Rodolphe Ekambi.

Military Medical Directorate

Assistant director, by delegation: Colonel Raoul Balden Berger of the
French technical military assistance mission; plans and studies officers:
Colonel (M.D.) Charles Nkoue, Lieutenant Colonel (M.D.) Jean-Pierre Lowe,
Major (M.D.) Luc Bengono Obe, Major (M.D.) Zukam Tagni, Major (pharmacist)
Joseph Tchatchou; chief of research and control section: Major (M.D.)
Martin Tchitake; chief of sanitary operations and supply section: Major
(pharmacist) Etienne Nguhogia; chief of administrative affairs and
instruction and training: Lieutenant Celestin Famdie; chief of armed forces
medical expertise section, by delegation: Colonel (M.D.) Raoul Balden
Berger, of the French technical military assistance mission, in addition to
his primary duty as assistant director of the Military Medical Directorate.

Military Security Division

Chief: Major Guillaume Pom; assistant chief: Captain Ousmanou Mounde;
chief of the military security subdivision in Douala: Lieutenant Olivier
Massin Martin.

Armed Forces Headquarters Staff

Chief of the armed forces chief of staff's special secretariat: Lieutenant
Junior Grade Gilbert Ndjama; G-1 plans and studies officers: Lieutenant
Colonel Bayiga, Major Benjamin Atangana and Captain Marcel Perrin of the
French technical military assistance mission; G-1 assistant plans and studies
officer: Major Vincent Mbock; G-2 plans and studies officers: Major Robert

16



3 CAMEROON

ARMED FORCES REORGANIZATION, COMMAND, STAFF ASSIGNMENTS
Paris AFRIQUE DEFENSE in French No 69, Dec 83 pp 20-21, 41, 44-46, 48
[Article: "Reorganization of Cameroonian Armed Forces"]

[Text] The President of the Republic signed a series of decrees and orders
on 5 November 1983 reorganizing the Ministry of the Armed Forces, the
territorial military command, and the joint and combined-arms operational
commands. The chief of state also established a special military staff for
the presidency and assigned personnel to various command and staff positions.

Territorial Military Command, Joint and Combined-Arms Operational Commands

The national territory is divided for military purposes into three military
regions each encompassing several military sectors.

The military regions have the following territorial jurisdictions.

The first region, with headquarters in Yaounde, covers the Center, South, and
East provinces. It comprises three military sectors: the first military
sector with headquarters in Yaounde and covering the Center province; the
second military sector with headquarters in Ebolowa and covering the South
province; the third military sector with headquarters in Bertoua and covering
the East province.

The second military region, with headquarters in Douala, covers the Littoral,
Southwest, West and Northwest provinces. It comprises two military sectors:
the fourth military sector with headquarters in Douala and covering the
Littoral and Southwest provinces; the fifth military sector with headquarters
in Baffoussam and covering the West and Northwest provinces.

The third military region, with headquarters in Maroua, covers the Adamaoua,
North, and Far North provinces. It comprises two military sectors: the
sixth military sector with headquarters in Ngaoundere and covering Adamaoua
province; the seventh military sector with headquarters in Maroua and covering
the North and Far North provinces.

The military regions are command and defense regions for the armed forces in

the performance of their permanent and temporary missions. The regions
encompass the country's air, maritime, and land spaces.

11



ZIMBABWE

Central Statistical Office Releases 'Grim' Economic Figures

(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 1 Jan 84) .cceccccscceccvccvcccecceecenes

PM Optimistic About Dissident Situation in Matabeleland

(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 1 Jan 84) weccscccccsccccceccececcecceves

Development Projects Underway in Matabeleland South

(THE CHRONICLE, 9 Jan 84) ..cccccccccesccccecccccececsceces

Government Foreign Recruitment Policy Explained

(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 6 Jan 84) .scscscececcceveceecveves

National Peace Conference Planned

(THE CITIZEN, 9 Jan 84) ..cccsscccseccscvceesccnsccescceves

ZCTU Gives Merger Ultimatum To Splinter Unions

(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 8 Jan 84) .oscsecccccscccceccsccecesceees

Minister Zvobgo Defends One-Party System

(THE CHRONICLE, 3 Jan 84) .cccsccscccccccccsccsccecvscecees

Catholic Bishops Speak Out About Socialism

Quarry

Briefs

(THE HERALD, 31 Dec 83) .ecsececccccvccccvcsecevevcesceves

Squatters To Resist Any Eviction Attempts
(THE CHRONICLE, 9 Jan 84) .ossccccssccccccceccceceeeeeeeers

Boston Bank Provides Off-Shore Loans
New Dam for Mutare

106

107

111

113

114

115

117

119

120

122
122



ZIMBABWE

PM OPTIMISTIC ABOUT DISSIDENT SITUATION IN MATABELELAND
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 1 Jan 84 pp 1, 2

[Text] Despite South African backing of Super Zapu dissidents the overall
situation in Matabeleland is growing better, not worse, the Prime Minister,
Cde Mugabe, said last night.

"There are, however, those few trouble spots in areas close to Botswana
where dissidents are able to sneak in to commit their criminal. acts and
sneak out again," the Prime Minister said in his New Year address to the
nation on ZIV.

The country had had a problem with dissidents since 1982 and at first these
dissidents relied on arms cached by Zapu and Zipra, said Cde Mugabe.

"As the operations by our security forces intensified, they fled into Botswana
where they were given sanctuary at Dukwe Camp. From Dukwe they have now
developed a link with South Africa where several of them have gone for
training so they can be infiltrated back with more arms.

"South Africa has now transformed these dissidents into Super Zapu with a
mission to fight for the leader of Zapu, Mr Nkomo, and work for the over-
throw of my Government.

"They are under instructions to kill, maim and harass white farmers, Zanu
adherents and all those people generally opposed to them and to Zapu."

Cde Mugabe said it was interesting to note that South Africa had taken up
the cause of Zapu in the same way it had taken up the cause of Unita in
Angola, the so-called MNR in Mozambique, and the BCP in Lesotho.

"We are certainly intensifying our operations towards the eradication of
the dissident problem. At the same time we continue our efforts to achieve
good understanding and co-operation between Botswana and Zimbabwe. Within
Zimbabwe, however, the need continues to exist for all of us to work for
peace and tranquillity."

The police and security forces had done a marvellous job over the year and

would continue to be strengthened to boost their capability and performance
and the work of training the people's militia would be intensified.

107



Poor Preparation in the Fifth and Sixth Grades

In the three industrial courses given, the improvement varies considerably from
one to the other, for different reasons. One of the main causes is the ‘poor
preparation with which the students come from their previous courses. . For
example, in the metal-machine working course, the drafting subject is essential.
However, it so happens that this subject is not taught in the fifth and sixth
grades, which causes the student to enter that course without’ the minimal
knowledge. "It is not until the student is in the Industrial School. that he
hears mention of a perpendicular line or a parallel line, and for the first
time is in contact with a compass, ruler, pencil, etc. How can the student
progress under these conditions?" asks director Henrique Castillo.

In fact, a student who does not know how to draft cannot design a part, and
without knowing how to design, he cannot manufacture anything. The imbalance
between what is taught in the sixth grade and in the Industrial School is even
more obvious if we note the number of subjects that are offered, the hours of_
work and the requirements of technical education per se. One observes that
there are no conditions allowing fora gradual training of the student to enter
the industrial courses.

Unstable Conditions for Students Coming From the Districts

This year, a total of 220 students entered the 7 September Industrial and Trade
School for the first time, coming from the province's various districts. A
problem arose immediately: where could this group be housed, and how could
their meals be guaranteed? "In fact, not every student coming from the dis-
tricts has a family there in Xai-Xai, where he could stay while attending
school. .The only resource that we have for such cases has been to put the
student in a boarding center in the city, where he takes meals and sleeps.

But this year, the boarding center can house only 60 students out of the group
that we are receiving, because it is also overloaded with other students.

Those who did not have this opportunity had to make arrangements with a relative
or friend so as to be put up with them. Others even ended up dropping out."

From this claim by the director of the Xai-Xai 7 September School, one concludes
that the student coming from the district is hard put to continue his technical-
industrial educational studies. And, in fact, with this drought problem, it is
not easy for anyone to take another person into his home. So, many students
undergo hunger, spending a week in this house and another week in that one;
always seeking someone who can put them up while théy are..attending courses.
Combined with this problem.is the lack of urban transportation in the city of
Xai-Xai, for students living in this city and its vicinity. ‘There are some who
come from Chicumbane, Chongoene and Praia de Xai-Xai, areas between 10 and 20
kilometers from the school. Those students leave their houses very early, about
0600 hours, bound for school, and do not return home until 1800 hours, having
had nothing to eat; because at noon they lack transportation to take them home
and back to school again. These are some of the problems that cause students,
even those with a desire to do so, to be unable to give their best performance
in class.

2909

CSO: 3442/251

66



£. Chief of staff of the North gendarmerie legion in Garoua: Captain Roger
Engono Nna, previously commander of the Mbouda gendarmerie company; he
replaces Major Martin Lindou who has been assigned to other duties.

g. Chief of staff of the Far North gendarmerie legion in Maroua, a newly
created position: Major Marcel Abba, previously chief of staff of the West
gendarmerie legion.

h.. Chief of staff of the. Littoral gendarmerie legion’ in Douala: Captain
Housseini, previously chief of staff of the republican guard legion; he
replaces Major Gaspar Ngono who has been assigned to other duties.

i. Chief of staff of the Southwest gendarmerie legion in Buea: Major Andre
Meching who is already in that position.

j. Chief of staff of the Northwest gendarmerie legion in Bamenda: Captain
Soule Njikam, previously commander of Troop No 6 in Bamenda; he replaces
Simon-Pierre Dakafounangsou who has been assigned to other duties.

k. Chief of staff of the West gendarmerie legion in Bafoussam: Captain
Aloysis Tiamuh, previously commander of the Ebolowa gendarmerie company;
he replaces Major Marcel Abba, transferred.

On 15 October, the President of the Republic signed a decree assigning the
officers named below as gendarmerie legion commanders:

a. Commander of the Center legion, a newly created position: Lieutenant
Colonel Gaius Fombon Fomuso, previously commander of the South Center
gendarmerie legion. :

b. Commander of the South legion, a newly created position: Lieutenant
Clement Ze Akono, previously commander of the Northwest gendarmerie legion.

c. Commander of the East legion: Colonel Saly Oumarou, previously commander
of the North gendarmerie legion: he replaces Colonel Dembo Abdoulaye
Oumarou, transferred.

d. Commander of the Adamaoua legion, a newly created position: Major Etienne
Sonna, previously chief of staff of the South Center gendarmerie legion.

e. Commander of the North legion, a newly created position: Major Martin
Lindou, previously chief of staff of the North gendarmerie legion.

f. Commander of the Far North legion, a newly created position: Colonel
Laurent Angouand, previously commander of the Littoral legion.

g. Commander of the Littoral legion: Lieutenant Colonel Robert Momnougui,

previously technical director in the National Defense's general secretariat;
he replaces Colonel Laurent Angouand, transferred.

21



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

NEW RECRUITS IN BIE--During the eighth anniversary commemoration of State
Security, hundreds of recent defense and security forces recruits in the
Chipeta community, Catabola township swore allegiance to the country. Pro~-
vincial State Security Delegate Capt Eugenio Laborinho, then discussed some
matters concerning the importance of State Security, whose objective is the
country's defense and the Angolan people's revolutionary conquests. Abel
Satula, assistant coordinator of Bie's Party Provincial Committee, who pre-
sided at the ceremony, addressed himself to the importance of establishing
the State Security, adding that this date marks the time in which the
Angolan people are getting ready to commemorate the sixth anniversary of the
MPLA's becoming a Party. Also during this meeting congratulatory messages
from Agostinho Neto Pioneers, the JMPLA Youth Party, and from Cuban inter-
nationalists were read in which their support’ for the struggle for peace,
progress and social wellbeing was reaffirmed. [Tex=7 Duanda JORNAL DE
ANGOLA in Portuguese 2 Dec 83 p 4/7 8870

NEW LUMBER COMPANIES--In five decrees published in the DIARIO. da REPUBLICA
the Ministry of Agriculture has established several lumber companies in
various parts of the country, namely, EMAD, EMAUKU, EMPROMADEIRA, EMAUIGE
and EMABEUEE. According to the documents, the recently established companies
will be devoted to obtaining and sawing lumber, in the Malange, Kamubundi,
Katembo, Massango, Golungo Alto, Lucata, Cabinda, Cacongo, Buco-Zau, Negage,
Dange-Quitexe, Caxito, Nambuangongo and Dembos sections in which there are
large unexplored forest resources, (Text7 /Tuanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 2 Dec 83 p 2/ 8870

PILOT TRAINING COURSE--Last Friday, the national aviation school in Negage,
Uige Province, ended the second pilot training course given in Angola. The
course, given by Angolan and internationalist Cubans, began on 21 January
1983, It was held along with the first phase of another course in technical
and radar engineering, and led to the training of a group of young men in
several aviation specialties. At the closing the recent graduates showed i:
their willingness to defend our country's territorial integrity even beyond
the conquests the people had already achieved and also evinced their wish
to strengthen the ranks of the Angolan Air Force (FAPA/DAA). Major
Alberto Neto, the general staff chief of that branch of the Angolan Armed
Forces, who, representing the FAPA/DAA commander-in-chief, then classified
the course as one more victory for the Angolan people and called upon the
new graduates to put forth their best efforts to strengthen the country's
defensive power.’ [Text7 /[Tuanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA.in Portuguese 20 Dec 83

p37 8879

CSO: 3442/232



CAPE VERDE

FIRST TURKEY PRODUCTION UNIT MARKETS PRODUCTION
Praia VOZ DI POVO in Portuguese 30 Dec 83 p 8

[Text] During the current holiday season, the Cape Verdian Solidarity Insti-
tute (ICS) put on the market, for the first time in Cape Verde, several hun-
dred turkeys raised at its poultry production unit located at the Sao Filipe
Farm.

The birds, weighing between 5 and 6 kilograms, were well-accepted by the
population.

The turkeys, obtained from England, arrived at the Sao Filipe Farm last 30
September.

A total of 77 days, or 11 weeks after their arrival, some of the birds had
already reached a live weight of 6 kilograms.

Hundreds of buyers went to the farm to purchase turkeys for the Christmas
holidays, and sales will of course continue until the end of the year.

The success achieved in this first industrial production of turkeys in our
country was only possible thanks to effective technical assistance, and also
the excellent quality of the feed supplied by the Crop and Livestock Develop-
ment Enterprise.

The technical departments of the ICS, which were responsible for the intro-
duction of this new source of protein to our country, report that the pros-
pects for marketing turkey meat are good, since thanks to the technical
advances achieved recently in this poultry-breeding sector, it will be pos-
sible to produce an abundance of these birds at reasonable prices.

Their introduction into the diet of our people, which is so lacking in
proteins of animal origin, will be effected gradually as the techniques for
handling and adapting the species to our environment are perfected.

When the operational system is properly consolidated, turkey meat will cost
no more than other poultry, and as a butcher's product, which it is con-
sidered today, its price will not differ much from that of other red meats.

We hope to be able to discuss this new product which now enriches our coun-
try's diet in greater detail soon, and we hope that the economic results will
be such as to encourage those engaging in the raising of turkeys.

5157
cso: 3442/244 26



work, Rising prices are eating away their purchasing power. Dismissals have
occurred here and there. Education is ever more costly and remains elitist
and neocolonial. The right to health care still remains but a slogan. Rents
still remain high in relation to the workers income, and mass transportation
facilities in the urban centers are nonexistent, forcing numerous parents to
transport sometimes as many as three children on a single light motorcycle.

In the countryside, the health, educational, highway and food infrastructure
falls far short of the minimal needs. But if the masses in the countryside
have remained without organization to date to defend their interests in the
urban centers, the Upper Voltan trade unions have always fought for the
improvement of their living and working conditions.

Four Reasons

But today, trade unionism has really been weakened by divisions and schisms.
This is due in part, in our humble view, to several reasons.

First, a misunderstanding of the real nature and role of the trade union. It
is a mass organization rallying workers with various philosophical, religious
or political opinions on the basis of defense of their joint vocational in-
terests. The trade union, which is anti-imperialist, links effective resolu-
tion of vocational problems with the liquidation of imperialist domination,
the source of the problems.

Now since 1966, the major trade union campaigns have been waged by workers
who have set for themselves the tasks of a vanguard of the people, directly
political tasks designed to resolve the problem of the survival or death of
the existing political regime consciously (for many trade union leaders) or
unconsciously (for many base militants). Due to this fact, the struggles
have often benefitted reactionary political forces, which made a subsequent
effort to bring the trade unions to heel, at the very time when their unity
was being splintered by internal political quarrels.

Secondly, the feudal submission of trade union leaderships to certain poli-
tical parties or groups led to forms of fraudulent support, complicity with
the authorities, or antiworker actions, all of these opportunistic attitudes
which create and develop mistrust and weaken mobilization.

Thirdly, the often bureaucratic and sectarian methods taking the place of
democratic methods little by little develop a stultifying monolithism, a loss
of perspective on inherent weaknesses, and a self-sufficiency which is as
subjective as it is pretentious.

Fourthly, the recent emergence of a divisive faction in the trade union move-
ment has contributed to weakening it. This divisive faction, while treating
the Upper Voltan trade unions with an attitude of complacency, proclaims
itself to be purely “revolutionary,” in other words it does not act at all or
it engages in spectacular actions, From our anti-imperialist point of view,
this faction is the objective ally of the reactionary bourgeoisie and imper-
ialism in our country, which groups precisely eagerly echo their slightest

95



Recently, however, the former Permanent Secretary Federal Ministry of
Finance Alhaji Abubakar Alhaji, in a public lecture in Lagos warned that the
1983 performance of the GNP of Nigeria (different from GDP as earlier
explained) where the economy recorded a negative growth rate.

cso: 3400/524

88



BENIN

BRIEFS

ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK GRANT--Cotonou-In the course of a 48-hour work and
friendship visit to our country, the People's Republic of Benin, Dr Mohamed
Ali, president of the Islamic Development Bank, and Comrade Zulkifouli

Salami, minister of plan, statistics and economic analysis, proceeded to sign,
on Friday morning, an aid agreement. The Islamic Development Bank will make
available to our country the sum of $1.4 million, approximately 600 million
CFA francs, aS a non-repayable grant. This sum will be used to build an
agricultural complex in Natitingou and to train agricultural cadres. After
thanking the bank on behalf of our country, of the National Executive

Council and of the head of state for this first and important operation in
Benin, Comrade Salami noted. that this agreement is the first of its kind and
is worth its weight in gold. It is, he said, the result of many steps
undertaken with various ministries of the Benin Government. First Benin was
allowed to be an observer then a member of the Islamic Development Bank.

This was followed by gifts to our country from the bank and by the decision
of the Board of Directors to give to Benin a large grant for its economic, ‘
social and cultural development. I am certain, Comrade Salami added, that the
People's Republic of Benin will play its rightful coristructive role by
helping to strengthen the bank's objectives, namely cooperation and solidarity
between its members. [Excerpts] [Cotonou BENIN-PRESSE-INFORMATION in

French No 317, 24 Dec 83 pp 12, 13] 8796

cso: 3419/308



UPPER VOLTA

SUVESS 12TH CONGRESS PROCEEDINGS REPORTED

Ouagadougou L'OBSERVATEUR in French 28 Dec 83 pp 8-10

[Text] The Sole Voltan Union of Teachers of Secondary and Higher Education
(SUVESS) 12th Congress has been in session since Monday evening. Its theme
is "Trade Unionism and the Anti-Imperialist Struggle." There were several
speakers at the opening ceremony, which began at 5:30 p.m. at the Ouagadougou
Labor Exchange. In fact, Minister of National Education, Arts and Culture
Emmanuel Dadjouari and Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research
Issa Tiendrebeogo participated in the ceremony and delivered addresses. One
after the other, the representatives of the revolutionary government in their
addresses developed the thesis of anti-imperialist struggle as a framework
for the theme of the congress. Speaking precisely of the anti-imperialist
nature of the SUVESS, Minister Dadjouari recalled the meeting held by that
trade union with the progressive wing of the army in December of 1982, thus
bearing witness to the alliance between the progressive wing of the army and
the civilian revolutionary forces. The minister of higher education and sci-
entific research, for his part, appealed to the participants in the congress
for mobilization with a view to consolidating the 4 August victory over the
international imperialists.

The secretary general of the SUVESS, Mr Etienne Traore, gave the opening
address, saying that “the SUVESS has chosen, since May of 1983, to contem-
plate the theme 'Trade Unionism and the Anti-Imperialist Struggle,' in order
better to understand the nature and the evidences of imperialism which it
must combat, in accordance with its statutory principles. In this way the
secretary general explained the introduction of the theme of the congress of
his trade union, and he then went on to thank the leading personalities, the
delegations representing friendly organizations, including the CSV [Voltan
Trade Union Confederation] and the SNEAHV [National Union of African Teachers
of Upper Volta], and the workers present at this opening ceremony. He then
described the crisis situation the world is experiencing and the role therein“
played by domestic imperialism.

Reviewing our situation in Upper Volta, the secretary general of the SUVESS
had the following to say.

“What is the social, trade union and political situation in Upper Volta, a
backward and neocolonial country dominated by imperialism, mainly French?

Since our historic 11th Congress, the workers in the cities and the rural
sector have not seen a substantial change in their conditions of life at

94



liberates energies, and channels them by showing what needs to be done to
develop the country; and raises the level of aspiration of individuals...

Thanks to the MPR, our movement for uniting the masses, the Zairian relies on
authentic Zairian nationalism to unleash the necessary energies and raise the
level of aspiration of the individual. The MPR puts man in the center of the
action and of the means of achieving the goal of work--conscientious work,
thanks to the new mentality.

Defined Economic System

There are many who maintain that in order to stimulate change one must
transform the economy. To this end, it is important to choose the economic
system within which you will develop. In this respect, the choice has been
made. It is economic liberalism, the wellspring of progress.

Even better, the Executive Council has also laid out the national development
strategy: national development through rural development. This leads us on to
the policy of balanced growth, which wiill enable complementarity among various
economic sectors, first at the regional level and later on the national level.
It is here that the national level investment budget will play a major role.

This means that the state has installed the institutional framework and will
endeavor, on its part, to find markets for the economic operators so that they
can improve their production. It falls on them to heed the appeal of their
professional organization, the ANEZa, to thoroughly absorb the message of the
lst state commisioner calling for more dynamism and creative spirit in their
enterprises.

Beware of Moral Degradation

The importance of the state budget needs no explanation. It is the prime
instrument of the state's economic and financial management, as it was defined
by the Ist state commissioner, Citizen Kengo wa Dondo, in presenting the budget
bill for 1984 to the Legislative Council. He continued: To this end, the
Executive Council commits itself to overseeing a strict implementation, with
discipline and respect for the legal procedures. This prompted the executive
coordinator to speak out regarding delinquent and undisciplined actions in
budget management.

It is here that the major battle must be fought. It is a matter of trying to
halt this degradation trend that is affecting all sectors in such a way as to
threaten the principles of financial orthodoxy that expenditure actions should
correspond to the budget decisions. It is an essential matter of combatting
waste in all fields of expenditure, strengthening budgetary control procedures,
and respecting the treasury's debt ceiling in the domestic banking system, as
stressed by Citizen Kengo wa Dondo.

We believe that we must proceed in such a way as to neutralize the “virus” in
order to achieve a positive result. We know that the public finance picture
for the first 10 months of the current year has been positive. This momentum
must be maintained and strengthened in order to start the next year under
optimum conditions. Also, any act tending to defeat these efforts, any

99



ZIMBABWE

ZCIU GIVES MERGER ULTIMATUM TO SPLINTER UNIONS
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 8 Jan 84 p 1

{Text] The Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions has warned it will. take con-
trol of all splinter unions which refuse to merge to form a single trade
union for each industry.

Announcing the drastic measures in Harare yesterday, the organisation's
publicity and information secretary, Cde Elphegio Soko, said no splinter
union would be allowed to attend the ZCTU's congress to be held this year.

"The ZCTU strategy is that the leadership of the splinter unions will be
called to discuss their differences and if nothing is achieved the ZCTU
will take control of the unions until the differences are solved.

"The emphasis is that no splinter union will participate at the congress
this year," he told THE SUNDAY MAIL in an interview.

Cde Soko reminded the unions that their continued wrangling and refusal to
consider a merger had left "workers stranded and perplexed".

He also warned workers against resorting to strikes in the face of retrench-
ment and factories being closed, "in some cases without the workers being
informed or consulted" about the fate of their companies.

"We hope 1984 is not going to be a repetition of last year. At the same time
we strongly advise our members that because of the country's present economic
position, they cannot afford the luxury of resorting to strike action.

Skills

"Instead, we expect them to spend more time learning new skills. Employees
who abuse their position as members of the workers’ committees, by encourag~
ing others to produce less, will be dealt with severely."

The ZCTU would redouble its efforts this year to hold more seminars on

worker education. "Workers should be taught the art of collective bargaining
as well as participation in matters like production planning and sales."

115



MOZAMBIQUE

COOPERATIVE MANAGERS TO TRAIN IN GDR

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 5 Jan 84 p 3

[Text] On 7 January, 30 workers from the country's. cooperative movement,
including chairmen of the Intercooperative and Cooperative Management Commis-
sions, are scheduled to leave for the German Democratic Republic, where they
will spend 6 months attending a course on the management of consumer coopera-
tives, as our reporter learned from a source on the National Coordinating
Commission for these economic and social units.

The departure of those cooperative workers in order to be trained in that
socialist country is part of the implementation of the agreements made
between the sector's National Coordinating Commission and the GDR's Central
Union of Cooperatives.

The agreement, which establishes several areas of cooperation between the two
entities, also calls for the training of cadres for our country's cooperatives,
and it was on this basis that, in courses held previously, managers from
several of the country's cooperatives were trained.

It was noted that, of the group which participated in the last course held in
that country, five later received psycho-educational training.in that same
country, "to guarantee the training of cadres on the local level," according
to an official from CCNCC.

For this year's course, five of the 30 individuals will receive further
training for another 6 months. With the first five, they will comprise the
group of advisers that will guide that entity's training activities.

It was said that the first five advisers have already given an interprovincial
management course, in which workers from this sector coming from Inhambane,
Gaza, and the province and city of Maputo, took part, as our source also
reported.

Preliminary Seminar

Meanwhile, our reporter learned from the same source that the 30 persons due
to leave for the GDR are participating in a preliminary seminar lasting 20

days.

62



The factory is operating with a turbogenerator that does not generate sufficient
steam to keep the factory facilities in constant operation. So, when it sup-
plies power. to the grinders, it cannot feed the factory and the irrigation
system at the same time; when it feeds. the irrigation system, it cannot supply
power to the factory or the grinders, and ‘so on.

According to the same source: "The spare. material ordered for the repairs, both
inside and outside the country, either. has not arrived.or has shown up late.
This holds true for the grinders and burners, which have been ordered from
CIFEL, and the delay in receiving them caused us to start the season's work

70 days late."

Another problem experienced was that associated with the drought. The Incomati
River was dry, and hence there was not enough water for irrigation.

Some individuals more or less associated with the matter usually cite the
salinization of the soil as one of the problems encountered. On this topic,
the general director of MARAGRA claims that it.is not true. According to him,
the salinization of the soil is not a recent event. It was always present.
The quality of the sugar cane grown in that soil is affected only 20 percent.

At the present time, MARAGRA is an agro-industrial complex that is not devoted
exclusively to producing sugar and other by-products of. sugar cane. For
example, last year the workers at that enterprise cultivated 200 hectares of
corn, 100 or rice, 100 of cassava, 30 of sweet potatoes and 30 of peanuts,
used to reinforce its internal supply. Moreover, sections were created for
civil construction, carpentry and painting, which render services not only to
the entérprise, but also to other sectors of. activity in the district of
Manhica, where the complex is. located. With the 1983. season ended, the workers
at MARAGRA is now engaged in various jobs, including the. preparation of the
soil for the next season, the maintenance of equipment and the embellishment
of their work site. In the photos there is a view of the cassava farm and an
aspect of the maintenance work on a tractor.

2909
cso: 3442/251

68



Personnel Assignments

Colonel Daouda Ousmanou, previously the principal military assistant in the
Office of the President of the Republic, is assigned as chief of the President
of the Republic's special military staff effective 5 November 1983.

Technical Advisers

Colonel Jean Morvan of the French technical military assistance mission, and
Colonel Titus Malongue.

Military Secretariat

Chief: Camille Ukoa Atenga.

Directorate for Administrative and Statutory Affairs

Director: Colonel Paul Boutouli.

Budget and Equipment Directorate

Director: Golonel Jean-Pierre Nyemeg.Bisseck.

Civilian and Military Personnel Directorate

Director: Colonel Isidore Obama.

Military Medical Directorate

Director: Colonel (M.D.) Charles Kamdoum.

Military Justice Directorate

Director: George Gwanmessia, magistrate third class

Armed Forces Headquarters Staff

Chief of staff: Major General Pierre Semengue; G-1: Lieutenant Colonel
Ambroise Etoga; G-2: Colonel Ako Anagho Hans; G-3: Colonel Garoua
Abdoulaye Oumarou; G-4: Colonel Jean-Rene Youmba.

Quartermaster Directorate

Director (Chief Quartermaster): Lieutenant Colonel Fidele Nkam.
Ordnance Directorate

Director, by delegation: Major Ernest Lemenez of the French technical military
assistance mission.

13



statements and make much of their intentions to act. How then can one claim
to be a progressive force in theory, while objectively and practically serv-
ing as the spokesman of the most backward and exploiting forces?

Judging Actions

Comrades, the SUVESS does not claim to have escaped all of these evils which
it is necessary to cure in order to defend the workers consistently. Since
our historic 11th Congress, these have been blemishes we have detected and
tried constantly to correct, in order to make of our trade union a school of
democracy in which criticism and self-criticism are consistently practiced, a
resolutely anti-imperialist trade union independent of the political: author-
ities.

On this last point in particular, independence from the regime in our view
means total freedom to organize ourselves and defend our interests through
negotiation, strikes, or any other appropriate action, without the authori-
tarian intervention of the state regime which we judge on the basis of its
actions. This correct understanding of trade union independence is con-
trasted with the primary concept which, using independence as a pretext,
prohibits the positive assessment of the actions a regime may propose to
benefit the workers. ‘This concept calls for making a simple total of nega-
tive actions, which has led to a putschist tendency in the trade unions.

This is an erroneous concept of trade union independence, which often bears
witness in our national context to ill-disguised police-like allegiance and
servility. Just following its 11th Congress, the SUVESS was the victim of
hateful attacks by certain workers objectively defending this infantile
concept of trade union independence. The main themes of these deceitful
attacks were to be found in the proceedings of the 28th Congress of the
SNEAHV. A certain sector of the press, claiming to be independent, after
deliberately refusing to report on the motion at our Fifth Special Congress
condemning the measures suspending and arbitrarily dismissing 154 workers
carried out by the hateful and fascist CMRPN, suddenly became very voluble in
connection with the reports of the SUVESS, going so far as to deprive the
main conclusions of the 11th Congress of any sense, in a carelessly drafted
article. If the press organs had every right not to share in the conclusions
of our 11th Congress, they also had a duty to report the facts objectively.

The Trade Union and the CDR

On the basis of our correct understanding of trade union independence from
the new regime installed on 4 August, the SUVESS makes a positive point of
its proclamation of anti-imperialist faith (first time in the history of our
country) and its desire to have the working masses participate in decisions
pertaining to their own lives. In this connection, the National Council of
the Revolution (CNR) joins our trade union in its double anti-imperialist and
democratic concern. Therefore, we will support all the actions implementing
this double concern, such as the requirements, expressed everywhere, for
greater respect for the dignity of our people; organization of food aid for
the Upper Voltans by the Upper Voltans themselves, first of all; a nonchauv-
inist approach to the boundary dispute with Mali; popularization of the

96



section: Captain Michel Wuansiteupe; chief of communications section:
Captain Emeran Ndongo; assistant personnel director: Major Gaspard Nhono;
chief of management section: Captain Henri Siziandji Ngassa; chief of
discipline and legal affairs section: Captain Max Onanima Boya; chief of
"chancellery" section; Captain Jean-Baptiste Wassou; chief of training
section: Captain Okoumou Evoto; chief of operations and organization
section: Captain Mazou Amadou; chief of intelligence section: Major Antoine
Onana; chief of defense and civic action section: Captain Ignace Fouda;
chief of main criminal investigation section: Captain Mohamadou Hamadicko;
chief of technical section: Major Atangana Koa; chief of printing. and
distribution section, by delegation: Captain Pierre Irigay of the French
technical military assistance mission; assistant director of administration
and logistics: Lieutenant Colonel Emmanuel Njikeussi; chief of equipment
management section: Captain Pierre Mfoula; deputy commander of schools

and training centers and dean of studies, by. delegation: Lieutenant Colonel
Michel Quemerais of the French technical military assistance mission; director
of the national gendarmerie's noncommissioned officers school, by delegation:
Major Claude Dubois of the French technical military assistance mission:
commander of the national gendarmerie's Yaounde training center: Captain

Gerard Djouakoua.
Ministry of the Armed Forces

Technical adviser: Major Louis Stanguenec of. the French technical military
assistance group; commander of the sixth military sector in Ngaoundere:

Major Albert Ambassa; deputy director for engineering studies and military real
property and installations: Captain Nyom Pom; chief of construction
inspection section, by delegation: Captain Andre Antoine of the French
technical military assistance mission; assistant plans and studies officer:
Captain Paul Azang Mbengoo; chief surgeon of the Yaounde garrison infirmary:
Major (M.D.) Adamou Sangou.

Armed Forces Headquarters Staff

Communications Directorate

Interim chief of administrative and. financial section: Lieutenant Abel Atine
Bekoute; chief of engineering section: Captain Dika Poli.

Military Engineer Directorate

Assistant director: Lieutenant Colonel Gustave Eone; chief of administrative
and financial section: Captain Vincent Menye; chief of engineering section,
by delegation: Major Jacques Kheroas of the French technical military
assistance mission.

Army Headquarters Staff

G-1: Major Michel Haman Mana; G-2: Major Hector Tchemo; G-3: Major Pierre
Mvogo Obama; G-4: Major Benoit Kedy; chief quartermaster officer: Captain
Sigfried Moukouri Nguea; chief ordnance officer: Captain Mohaman Adamou.

18



TVORY COAST

FRG RURAL DEVELOPMENT AID REPORTED
Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 10, 11 Dec 83 p 3
[Article by Francois Mockey]

[Excerpts] Two agreements on financial cooperation to fund a
drainage project for secondary towns of the country and to.open
a line of credit to the National Agricultural Development Bank
(BNDA) were initialed yesterday afternoon by the minister of
economy and finance, Abdoulaye Kone, on behalf of our country
and by the ambassador of the Federal German Republic, H. E.
Rudolph Koppenhofer, representing his country.

These two agreements, the minister said, rightly indicate the government's two
main areas of concern--the development of the rural sector and the policy of
self-sufficiency in food.

The first project concerns a fourth line of credit of 10 million marks,
approximately 1.5 billion CFA francs, given to the BNDA to cover the
increasingly urgent need for loans to farmers. The terms of this draft
agreement are particularly generous.’ The loan is for a period of 50 years,
with a 10-year grace period and'a service charge rate of 0.75 percent a
year. The BNDA will charge its clients an average interest rate of 13
percent. The difference between the effective interest rate and. the service
charge will be added to the existing fund to finance pilot projects of rural
development. In this connection it must be noted that the loan will be used
mostly to refinance loans provided by the BNDA to finance investments projects
in small and medium-size enterprises in the sectors of agriculture, forestry,
fishing and agroindustry..

Urban Drainage

The second cooperation agreement, involving the same amount of money, concerns
a drainage project for secondary towns. For this loan, the Ivory Coast will
come up. with matching funds. Here one must emphasize the fact that for
several years the FRG has given strong and constant support to water and
drainage projects.

8796
CsO: 3419/308
47



NIGERIA

BRIEFS

CIVIL SERVICE UNION PRESIDENT--Alhaji Abdulwahab M. Bauchi has been elected
unopposed as the National President of the Nigeria Civil Service Union (NCSU).
His election was as a result of a Lagos High Court order which had restrained
the former President, Mr. David Ojeli from contesting the office. Alhaji
Abdulwahab was before the election, the deputy president of the union and
was the only candidate contesting against Mr. Ojeli before the court order.
Report from Port-Harcourt said the executive committee of the union was
dissolved preparatory to the new election when the Lagos high court order
was served on Mr. Ojeli restraining him from contesting the office of the
president. The report added that since Alhaji Abdulwahab was the only
candidate contesting against Mr. Ojeli and was the deputy president, the
‘delegates ratified his election unopposed. Other officers elected at the
conference included Mr. A Gono, vice-president and Mr. A. E. Elueminoh as
treasurer. The order restraining the Nigeria Civil Service Union from
accepting the nomination of Mr. Ojeli was handed down by Mr. Justice

@lusola Thomas on Thursday. The injunction order followed the application
of David Chukwuma Ikpe and Mr. 0. G. Essien seeking to restrain the union
from accepting the nomination paper of Mr. Ojeli. Hearing of the motion

has been fixed for January 10. [By Suleiman Dangana] [Text] [Kaduna NEW
NIGERIAN in English 20 Dec 83 p 1]

‘RELIGIOUS FANATICS’ JAILED--Four persons described as religious extremists
were yesterday in Kaduna sentenced to two. years imprisonment each for preach-
ing dangerous islamic doctrines. The convicted persons were: Malam Umaru
Garuba, Malam.Haliru Bature, Malam Suleiman Bature and Malam Sada Bature,
all of Kurwa Village in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area of Kaduna State.
According to the prosecution, the men were members of a certain islamic
sect called "Milatu Ibrahim Hanifa Antakima Lillahi" (the part of

Ibrahima) which believed that any moslem who wore a wrist watch, listened
to radio or television or took medicine when sick or participated in con-
gregational prayers was an "infidel or kafir".. In his ruling, the Chief
Magistrate, Alhaji Saifullahi Coomassie, observed that the accused persons
were preaching similar doctrines as the late Mohammadu.Marwa Maitatsine.
Two other persons were discharged for want of evidence. [Text] [Lagos
DAILY TIMES in English 23 Dec 83 p 1]

COMMUNICATIONS MINISTRY REORGANIZATION--The Minister of Communications,
Chief Emmanuel Adiele, said last Saturday at Isialangwa, Imo State that the

92



by the GUNT troops was followed promptly by a headlong flight. This is where
the nature of the Libyan direct intervention became so clear; to the Libyans
the rout of the GUNT troops was serious because of the Libyan objective to
break the encirclement. The recapture of Faya Largeau, the key point of the
BET, with the help of Libyan planes, prompted the Manta military operation by
France, whose action in June-July decisively changed the balance of forces
in favor of Hissein Habre.

Libya, aware of the inferior capability of its army, then sought only to
prevent the GUNT from being destroyed, and did not seek direct confrontation
with the French troops. Moreover, the GUNT forces did not go down as far as
Salal (400 kilometers south of Faya), even though the town was empty for
several days before the arrival of the French paratroops. Tripoli wanted to
block Habre, but also to bring the GUNT to heel. Then the CDR troops (Arab
tendency), who had not participated in the June to July fighting, came up to
the front line at Oum Chalouba.

This was far from the picture of the conflict presented by the media last
summer. An elaborate disinformation campaign portrayed the surge of "Libyan"
troops in Chad as a threat to the "Free World," because of course the hand of
Moscow was behind Tripoli.

The United States seriously declared that France was hesitating to intervene
militarily in Chad in order to avoid sacrificing its interests in Libya. One
can only stand flabbergasted in the face of. such distortions of the truth.

It is certainly true that Libya's economic ties with the Western powers are
very close. However, it is on North American technology that Libya is most
dependent.

The United States, particularly since Reagan, has accustomed us to its refusal
of any aid to those whom it regards as "agents of Moscow” (Grenada was a
recent and dramatic example). A

Libya, a financial power, is primarily armed by the USSR, although we should
not ignore France's assistance role in aviation. However, it is to the
Western countries that it must turn to build, thanks to the oil bonanza, an
economy with the long-term goal of independence. In the current stage, Libya
is vulnerable to the extent that achieving this independence is tied to the
technological assistance that the Western camp is willing to provide. On the
face of it, Libya's small population and technological dependence would appear
to prevent Libya from becoming an imperialist power. Its inability to
relaunch the Chadian state in 1980-1981 is clear evidence of this. There is
here some room for maneuver that leads to the belief that the Libyan on
interference in Chad can be settled by some means other than military.

The situation prompts one to wonder about Libya's precise position on the
international chessboard, and hence about the limits of its expansionist
strategy.

9920
cso: 3419/330

30



Communications (Signal) Directorate
Director: Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Sing.

Engineer Directorate

Director: Colonel Jean-Rene Youmba, in addition to his primary duty as G-4,
Schools and Training Centers Command

Commander: Colonel Philippe Mpay.

Army Headquarters Staff

Chief of staff: Brigadier General James Tataw.

Air Force Headquarters Staff

Chief of staff: Brigadier General Jean Nganso Sunji; deputy chief of staff:
Major Paul Yakana Guebana.

Navy Headquarters Staff

Interim chief of staff: Commander Guillaume Ngouah Ngally; deputy chief of
staff, by delegation: Commander Louis Le Berre of the French technical
military assistance mission.

Armed Forces Inspectors

Operations inspector: Colonel Pierre Samobo; administrative and financial
affairs inspector: Colonel Bourkou Abba Kaka; ordnance and equipment
inspector, by delegation: Lieutenant Colonel Michel Touron of the French

technical military assistance mission.

First Military Region

Commander of the first military region in Yaounde: Colonel Belladji Ngoura;
commander of the first military sector in Yaounde: Colonel Belladji Ngoura,
in addition to his primary duty as commander of the first military region;
commander of the second military sector and 11th Infantry Battallion in
Ebolowa: Lieutenant Colonel Titus Ebogo; commander of the third military
sector in Bertoua: Lieutenant Colonel Ernest Nouind.

Second Military Region

Commander of the second military region in Douala: Colonel Pierre -Ondoa
Essomba; commander of the fourth military sector in Douala: Colonel Pierre
Ondoa Essomba, in addition to his primary duty as commander of the second
military region; commander of the fifth military sector and 32d Infantry
Battalion in Bafoussam: Lieutenant Colonel Mathurin Meillon.

14



Samora Machel said "I know... I already know what South Africa wants.”
(Laughter.) "Do you think I'm a dove, or what?" (Laughter.) And I do not
want counterpart measures?

"One gives, one takes. Takes what? There are things we cannot accept.

South Africa will not force the People's Republic of Mozambique to recognize
apartheid. That is clear. They know this. We have told the Americans, and
it was explained, as it has been explained to you. First: We cannot recog-
nize apartheid. It is an offense against humanity. We cannot recognize
national homelands like 'Bantustan'." (Here he raised his voice.) “They
will not force us to assassinate the ANC. It is an internationally recog-
nized organization which struggles for rights--equality, justice, democracy
--in South Africa. They want to be South Africans and not ethnic groups. Do
you understand? Is it clear? I wanted you to be the bearers of this news to
the West. This is why I called you here. Because the people of Portugal
will be able" (here he imitated someone speaking loudly, to many people)
",..to resist yielding to apartheid. Sometimes, you have complexes about the
South Africans. Do you know that?"

We Are Special...

The O JORNAL correspondent interrupted. "I think that there is a problem,
which is the Portuguese community in South Africa. There are many Portuguese

living there."

The president of Mozambique disagreed. “No, no, no, no! The community is in
no danger. People from Madeira went there and the economy of South Africa is
flourishing. One cannot just say 'Go away now!' Portuguese is today the
third language in South Africa. The Portuguese citizens sustain South
Africa. They cannot send them away now."

Samora Machel looked at his watch. He signaled. He was very late for the
closing session of the Bissau summit meeting. "Excuse me," he said, "I must
go now."

One question more, concerning the summit meeting, Portugal's proposals, the
expansion of the Group of Five and the Tricontinental.

It was while already rising from the table that Samora Machel answered,
laughing: "Well, we are special. We are the only group without a papa."

The five Portuguese newsmen followed the president of Mozambique to the
vehicle which would take him to the Congress Hall in Bissau.

Before getting into his Mercedes, license plate PCR (President of the Council

of the Revolution), Samora said good~bye to each of the Portuguese journal-
ists individually. He smiled and thanked us.

58



ZIMBABWE

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS UNDERWAY IN MATABELELAND SOUTH
Bulawayo THE CHRONICLE in English 9 Jan 84 p 3

[Text] Remarkable strides have been made in Matabeleland South since the
Ministry of Community Development and Women's Affairs started organising ~
the establishment of a variety of development projects in the province a
year ago.

According to authorities, no less than 769 projects have been established
in the province's six districts since the close of 1982 when the Ministry
launched its work with only $3 000 in the ké&tty.

The projects which have been received with enthusiasm by the people, include
market gardening, poultry, bakery, pre-school houses, co-operative stores,
well-digging and a host of others.

In the four districts of Umzingwane, Bulilima-Mangwe, Insiza and Gwanda,
11 422 people have been responsible for setting up a total of 549 projects,
with another 192 projects in Matobo and 218 in Beitbridge.

Highest

In addition to revenue-generating projects, adult literacy centres, with a
total of 4 001 women and 438 men, have been established in all the six
districts.

The district with the highest number of literacy enthusiasts is Beitbridge
with a total of 1 104, followed by Insiza (836), Umzingwane (673), Gwanda
(670), Bulilima-Mangwe (629), with Matobo (529).

Five of the six districts now boast a total of 1 006 pre-schools with 994
teachers handling 15 016 children.

The driving force behind this work is Cde Sithabile Silamba (26), who is the
province's community development officer.

Cde Silamba said she was amazed by the progress made in an environment

fraught with inhibiting factors such as the drought, and scarce financial
resources,

lil



GOVERNMENT FOREIGN RECRUITMENT POLICY EXPLAINED

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 6 Jan 84 p 5

[Letter to the editor from:

Manpower Planning and Development]

[Text]

cso:

RECENTLY there have been in-

scomplaints from the:

private sectot om the Government’s
strict: ‘control’ of. foreign
recruitment, .

‘Thus’. is. the. issue. of. 25th
November 1983 The Financial Ga-
zette reported the Chief Economist:
of the RAL’ Merchant Bank «as
saying that: “I hope that that the
Government would see that its po-
licy regarding the inflow of skilled
manpower is entirely out’ of keep-
ing with the country’s development
needs, The claim that the country

should discriminate regarding in-

vestors-and. skills was correct, but

Zimbabwe needs just about all of ©

them it could get and just about ev-
ery skill there was.”?

Contrary to these assertions the
Manpower: Survey. revealed. that
Zimbabwe does:not need ta import:
just'about all skills. The Survey re-

as defined shortage areas. The ma-
jor areas include:

© ‘Agricultural: Vetenarians and
related - workers} . extention . and
land: use planning specialist; agri-
cultural: résearch specialists. and’ °
technicians; lectures for agicultural,
colleges.

©. Engineering: Civil; Mechanical; |

Electrical; Mining; Mettalurgical;
structural.

3400/580

“e. Medical: Physicians; ‘Dentists;
Pathologists;: Pharmacists; Occu- ~

pational : Therapists;
Medical Technologists.
In fact, it is important to note
that the skills situation has progre-
ssively improved over the last two
and a half years. In“a Business
Opinion survey-(No, 6 December:
1983) carried> out by — the
Departmént of Business Studies,
University of - Zimbabwe, it’. is
pointed out that the skills shortage
has fallen'from 32% in April 1981
to 11,3% at the end of 1983. Of the
total respondents -to this. survey,
only 24% say that skilled staff
shortages: are presently affecting
output adversely, compared with
41% in mid-1982 and a peak of
52% in April 1981.
~ It would be nothing short of re-
cklessness and irresponsibility, for.

Opticians;

vealed’ & reservoir of skills’ as well. te Government to follow an opeti

door, carte’ blanche. policy ‘on
foreign’: :recruitment. The.
experiences of” other. developing
countries in the field of expatriates:
has revealed the following: | ,:

@ In mést- developing countries
foreign reoruitment has _been
carried out on an unplanned, ad-
hoc basis with ‘little or tio
monitoring by the Government.’

@ There has’ usually. been an
absence of clearly articulated plans

113

ZIMBABWE

M. J. M. Sibanda, acting secretary for

for’ the understudying. of
expatriates by locals. The result
has usually been the perpetuation
of dependency on foreign
recruitment, and the undermining
of efforts to.train and utilize local.
labour.
© The ideological disposition of:
most’ expatriates. usually
antithentical to the long-term deve-
lopmental objectives of countries
seeking a tadical transformation of
their economies,
@ In. those countries where.
transnationals are dominant, expa-
triates are usually. brought in to fill’
key positions..in. ‘the technical,
financial and administrative fields.
@ In such positions they often:
devise ways of transferring surplus
from the developing countries to
the . headquarters of the
transnationals in’ the developed.
world.

it was principally because’ of.
these very obvious problems of
expatriatism’ that Government,
through the Ministry of Manpower
Planning and Development, has
drawn up a clearly defined policy
on the recruitment of foreign
personnel into the country — @

_ Policy that is consistent with the

Government’s long-term desire to
achieve self-sufficiency in the area
of human resource development,



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

ACHIEVEMENTS OF CEPGL CONVENTION SUMMARIZED
Kinshasa ELIMA in French 7 Dec 83 p 7

[Text] The recent seminar on trade between member countries
of the Economic Community of the Countries of the Great Lakes
[CEPGL] was an event of great economic and human importance.
While businessmen, officials and intellectuals of Bukavu are
still talking about it, we think it might be an appropriate
time to summarize and briefly review the history of regional
cooperation between Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire, the members
of that 7-year-old community.

Historical Summary

CEPGL was established on the basis of a convention creating the Economic
Community of the Countries of the Great Lakes which was signed on 20 September
1976 by the heads of state of the three countries concerned. The process
that led to the signing of that convention goes back to 1966, when the
ministers of foreign affairs and cooperation signed (29 August 1966 in
Kinshasa) a security agreement. After that, consultations were held on what
was called a "tripartite" basis.

The convention establishing CEPGL was first considered in May 1975 as a means
of creating a permanent vehicle for dialogue and cooperation. Meetings were
then held, which led to the signing of the convention establishing the CEPGL
on 20 September 1976 in Gisenyi (Rwanda).

By the terms of that convention, specifically Article 2, CEPGL's objectives
were the following:

--first and foremost to assure the security of the member states and their
peoples so that nothing should disturb peace and order on their respective
borders;

+-to conceive, plan and promote the creation and expansion of activities of
mutual benefit;

--to promote and intensify trade and the free circulation of people and goods;



MEDIUM SECTION OF AJAOKUTA STEEL MILL TO BE REDESIGNED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 16 Dec 83 p 11

[Text]

cso:

THE medium. section and
structural mill of Ajaokuta Steel
Company Limited (ASCL) is to
be re-designed to produce steel

for the standard guage railway .

system.
The Minister of Steel, Mr. Audu
Ogbe, who announced this at a

meeting with management staff-

‘of the company at Ajaokuta last
Tuesday said the Russian con-
tractors: had already agreed’ to
the new proposal.

He said the steel to be manufac-
tured from the mill would be used
in the proposed Port-Harcourt —
Oturkpo — Ajaokuta and the
Itakpo — -Ajaokuta staridard
guage railway lines. .

He reiterated the determina-
tion of the Federal Government
.to complete the existing steel pra
jects despite the prevailing
economic recession because of its

3400/525

potential for transforming
Nigeria into an industrial nation.

Mr. Ogbe said the decision to
re-design the mill was because of
the need to ensure that the pro-
ducts of the company in which
much. money had been. spent
would supplement other govern-
‘ment development projects.

The minister warned that- he
would not standby and watch
anyone ruin his reputation, ad-

ding that he would seé to it that .

the industry succeeded so as to
justify his appointment to the
ministry.

He said indiscipline and
rumour-mongering which were
prevalent among all categories of
staff to the detriment of the pro-
ject must stop forth-with.

He promised to make funds ,

.available for recreational
facilities where workers would
relax after their work.

90

NIGERIA


Examining the question of the Party's condition in the city of Brazzaville,
the Central Committee issued directives to the Department of Organization and
to the ad hoc commission of the city of Brazzaville in order to stimulate a
revitalization of the Party's activities in the capital city.

After reviewing implementation of the 1983 program, the Central Committee
examined the political bureau's action program for 1984.

This program must take into account above all the concerns related to the
holding of the Third Regular Congress of the Party.

The Central Committee also adopted the Party budget for fiscal year 1984.

Expressing appreciation of the report of the Central Commission for Party Audits
and Accounting on management of the 1983 party budget, the Central Committee
hailed the unprecedented efforts made by the permanent staff of the Party since
the time of the Third Extraordinary Congress toward improvement of management
of the Party finances. It also. discharged the staff of their obligations with
respect to financial and material management in fiscal year 1982.

The Central Committee finished its review of questions related to the internal
functioning of the Party by examining the important question of preparation for
the Third Regular Congress.. On that:subject, the Central Committee. decided to
establish the following organization:

1--A preparatory commission chaired by the president of the central committee.
This preparatory commission is subdivided into three subcommissions;

a)-~a political»subcommission,.

b)--an economic subcommission.

c)--a socio-cultural subcommission.

2--A permanent secretariat for the preparatory commission.

3--A consultative commission to:..the preparatory commission, a consultative
commission by means of which all potential contributions from throughout the
country can be tapped.

The Central Committee recommended that this. measure be put into effect im-..
mediately following its session so that all the materials for the congress will
be ready to be presented to it at its 15th session in April 1984.

The Central-Committee decided to hold the Third Regular Congress from 27-31 July
1984 on the following theme:

“We strengthen the guiding role of the Party and linkage with the masses, we
consolidate the victories of the working people. by pursuing the objectives of

5 February 1979, toward deeper revolutionary advances, in unity, dedicated work
and peace." :

35



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

BOSTON BANK PROVIDES OFF-SHORE LOANS--THE First National Bank of Boston was
established in Zimbabwe mainly to provide off-shore loans for the financial
sector in Zimbabwe, the bank's vice president and representative in Zimbabwe,
Mr William Baldwin, has said. He told The Gazette in an interview this week:
"These loans are primarily for supporting exports, mainly tobacco, and to sup-
port vital imports like petroleum." In the export sector the bank is helping
Zimbabwe get its money for exports much faster by lending the money to pay for
the exports, the representative said. "And by lending money to the banks to
pay for petroleum imports, Zimbabwe is able to make volume purchases rather
than small purchases. We stand ready to help any trade transaction that is
vital...we have big lines of credit to any financial institution that wants
them here", Mr Baldwin said. The Bank of Boston has a great deal of confi-
dence in the whole financial structure in Zimbabwe, he said. "It is highly
reputable and well managed." Mr Baldwin said the bank has a long term hope
that Harare will become the financial centre of the SADCC and PTA and it sup-
ports what the Government is doing to encourage regional co-operation. The
pank would like to have an offshore banking branch in Harare to serve Zimbab-~
we's neighbours, he said. The bank is not at present licensed for the usual
commercial banking activities in Zimbabwe, and so it deals only with the coun-
try's banks. The bank has participated in some projects in Zimbabwe, includ-
ing a bank syndicate short-term loan of $30 million for the Agricultural Mar-
keting Authority. [Text] [Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 22 Dec 83

p 3]

NEW DAM FOR MUTARE--THE Ministry of Water Resources and Development is con-
structing an $8 million dam near Mutare to supply water to the City of Mutare.
Construction of Smallbridge Dam, two kilometres upstream from Lake Alexander
(at present Mutare's only water supply), started in June this year and is ex-
pected to be completed early in 1985. The dam will have a 26-metre high
earth-fill wall. The lake will cover 172 hectares and will have a storage
capacity of 15, 15 million cubic metres. The dam will be about twice the size
of Lake Alexander. The depth of water will be 22 metres at its greatest. And
the wall will have a drop inlet spillway which will allow the carryover of
water down the Odzani River to Lake Alexander, from where water is released to
aweir further downstream. From here the water will be processed through a
purification works in the Odzani Valley and gravitated to reservoirs on
Christmas Pass above the City of Mutare. Construction of the dam is being un-
dertaken by Gullivers for the Ministry, which will sell the water to the Mu-
tare municipality. [Text] [Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 22 Dec 83

P 3] END

122



struggles of the peoples in Africa, the Middle East and Latin America, in
particular; and the revalorization of our national culture.

But the SUVESS also denounces those actions which go against these principles
and the interest of its militance and the workers. In this connection, while
recognizing the real effort made by the CDR, as well as their political limi-
tations, the SUVESS is concerned about the fact that in some provinces, the
government employees (and thus our members) are readily identified with the
thieves who must be denounced as reactionary. On the departmental level, the
SUVESS will oppose a certain inclination to want to see the departmental CDR
replace the trade unions, such that they become the privileged interlocutors
of the minister or the departmental director. Such cases have been noted in
national and higher education. In our view, the CDR are political structures
to which the trade union militant is free to belong. But while in principle,
the trade union and the department CDR, both committed to anti-imperialisn,
should not exclude each other, differences may arise, because the two organ-
izations have or should have different jurisdictions and immediate goals.
Like any difference, this can develop in a complementary way or maybe become
antagonistic, depending on the attitude of the authority under which the CDR
fall and the resulting mobilization of the unionized militants. Whatever the
case, we will reject any effort to reduce the union to bondage, persuaded
that a revolutionary regime would not be capable of muzzling the anti~imper-
ialist organizations of the workers. This is why, in order to allay any con-
cern in this connection, and although our experience dictates that we should
not have a fetish for statements but should adhere closely to the facts, we
await a definition by the regime of its understanding of the place reserved
for the trade unions.

Where dismissals are concerned, we confirm that the trade unions have always
demanded sound and strict management of public affairs, and the SUVESS, an
anti-imperialist union, could not, from this point of view, cover those who,
through misappropriation, plunder the people just as imperialism does. As an
anti-imperialist trade union, we are persuaded that the struggle against the
reactionary bourgeoisie, the base of support for international imperialism,
is just in principle, and this struggle must always have as its main axis
properly filed documents. Finally, taking as our basis the texts which
protect. the workers, and in view of the lack of medical examinations for
which the bylaws do however provide, we do not believe that the criterion of
health should be sufficient of itself to justify the dismissal of an employee,

Honorable guests and comrade members: The Trade Union Council last May,
adopting the theme of this congress, “Trade Unionism and the Anti-Imperialist
Struggle," sought to clarify the meaning of this concept and the outlines of
this cruel reality which is imperialism, which our union has always sought to
combat. Thus it is a question of a more profound understanding of the nature
and the role of our trade union.

5157
CSO: 3419/321

97



CONGO

BRIEFS

WFP FOOD AID EXTENDED--An amended operations plan for the assistance program to
improve the health of preschool children and their mothers was signed last
Saturday in Brazzaville by officials representing the Congo and the WEP (World
Food Program). The amendment extends.the said project until March 1984. The
operations plan signed on 15 September 1976 was to last for 3 years. The amend-
ment stipulates that WFP assistance will cover a period of 6 and one-half years
and will be distributed to 9,000 undernourished preschool children and 3,200
pregnant women and nursing mothers. By the terms of the amendment, WFP will
deliver to the Congo (via the port of Pointe-Noire) food products::valued at
U.S. $4,272,600 (including the cost of freight, supervision and local inspec~
tions). The food products will include 2,136 tons of rice, 1,484 tons of sor-
ghum enriched with soya, 305 tons of wheat flour, 585 tons of fish, 300 tons
of corn flour, 590 tons of powdered milk, 242 tons of vegetable oil, 96 tons of
powdered eggs and 19 tons of sugar. ‘The aid will be provided over a 6 and one-
half year period starting at the time products were first distributed. The
admendment was initialed by the secretary general in the Congolese Ministry of
Cooperation, Comrade Wilson Abel Ndessabeka, and by WFP's resident represent-
ative in the Congo. [Text] [Brazzaville MWETI in French 20 Dec 83 p 3] 9516

cso: 3419/300

38