The rich fish breeding grounds off the shore form the base of a fish industry
which should be further developed. Fish products whose export value is about
40 percent are the most important export products ahead of palm oil products,
peanuts and cashew nuts. At the end of March 1983, a new fishery agreement
was signed with the European Community whereby effective aid for the develop-
ment of the fishing industry is provided for. In mid-December 1983, the
European Development Fund granted a subsidy of 0.47 million accounting units
(1 accounting unit = about 2.24 DM) for the development of the traditional
fishery in Cachen. The Italian company, Idroconsult, in Rome, is active as the
consulting enterprise for this project. In the opinion of the experts, round
200,000 tons of fish can be caught annually along the shores of Guinea-Bissau.
The government is interested in establishing fish processing plants and it is
seeking help from abroad for their construction. In 1982, the fish caught
amounted to 11,933 tons of which 3,933 tons were industrially processed.

In mid-March, the FRG and Guinea~Bissau had signed an agreement on technical
cooperation in which the German side agreed to give support especially to
training, advisory and other installations. In addition, the FRG will help
with the preparation of plans, studies and advice. In the framework of technical
cooperation, Guinea-Bissau was recently granted a subsidy of DM4.25 million
for the preparation of feasibliity studies. These involve the partial region
of Quinara of the third developmental zone. In the framework of financial
cooperation, at the turn of 1983/84, Guinea-Bissau was granted an additional
DM5 million which should be used first of all for the delivery of replacement
parts for the Bissau power plant as well as for the delivery of production
means for small enterprises and for simple infrastructural measures.

2473
CSO: 3620/342

15



officers that this whole thing was nothing but a circus. If they wanted to
prevent him from speaking, they should do so clearly, with a written order,
showing the officer in charge, since this involves a Portuguese citizen who

has the proper papers from his own government, along with Portuguese journalists
who are also properly identified.

The EXPRESSO representative again asked (in the presence of the police officers
who were waiting for the written order): "How can we believe your words if,
several days ago, you telephoned the NP / Portuguese News Agency/,«saying that
security conditions in Maputo had been complicated to such a degree tha‘ Samora
Machel was forced to withdraw to Nampula, which was not true. Minutes later,

@ newsman telephoned Maputo and Samora Machel was there, in his office, working
with Jacinto Veloso. We have no way of checking this report out. The more
danger they announce--true or false--the more propaganda do they make. The
only way for us to check this out is to get them to let newsmen from various
tendencies to accompany the RNM for some time."

Jorge Correia however said that, at this moment, they could not be responsible
for the arrival of journalists although some foreigners had already gotten out
and the Portuguese did not reprint their reports. |

“Once the Portuguese journalists get to know the terrain they will do a better
job."

"In view of the content of our struggle, this is not possible now," was the

reply.

The official order finally arrived. It was an unauthenticated photocopy,
showing the signature of a Col Matoso Ramalho, of the PSP,

The officers now became extremely friendly. They did not make any attempt to
arrest anybody, nor did they raise their voices; in the end they had a cup of
coffee with Jorge Correia in the Castil Building together with the journalist
from EXPRESSO, another newsman from 0 DIA, and another.one from 0 JORNAL.

5058
CsO: 3442/419

37



MOZAMBIQUE

DISTRICT ADMINISTRATORS RECEIVE TRAINING IN AGRICULTURE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Jun 84 p 1

[Text] The course in agricultural training for district administrators recently
began at the Center for. Support to Cooperative and Family Development of
Namaacha, in Maputo Province. The purpose of the aforementioned course is to
train the most able administrators to coordinate action for development in

the districts for which they are responsible, to plan local state resources,

to contribute to rural development and to analyze the economic capacity of
their areas.

According to a journalist from the Media Office of the Ministry of Information,
who collected this information, the course now has eight administrators and
directors for support and inspection from the provinces of Cabo Delgado, Manica
and Maputo participating, as well as four newly trained- technicians from the
Ministry of Agriculture, and it will last for a month.

Because of organizational reasons involving the provincial directorates,
three district: administrators from Nias ‘a Province, and three from Sofala and
Zambezia, did not show up for the course. However, it is planned for them to
attend the course this year, at the National Center for Agricultural Training
in Maputo.

During the training, the advisers use practical methods, whereby the partici-
pants work on agricultural and livestock production for the center, from 0700
to 0930 hours, later spending half an hour analyzing the work.

In addition to learning how to produce, the district administrators taking part
in the training will work in the management areas, where they will study costs
and output; and they will also visit production units and make minor investiga-
tions which will later enable them to hold group discussions.

When the course is concluded, the participants will be divided into groups, to
be followed by an apprenticeship in each of the agricultural production sectors:
family, cooperative, private and state. During the apprenticeship, they will
debate the differences existing among the four sectors..of production, and models
of management, work organization and production itself, with a view toward draw-
ing conclusions regarding action to be taken in the districts ‘to raise produc-
tion.

2909

CSO: 3442/422

33



Following the takeoff, and when several demonstrations had been made before
the airplane took the course for Beira, the head of state toasted the inaugural
ceremony with those invited on this flight.

In Beira, after a warm reception from thousands of people, a luncheon was held
at the Government Palace, tendered by the head of Sofala Province, Marcelino
dos Santos, and attended by the governor of Manica Province, Col Manuel Antonio,
and by provincial officials of the party and the state.

In making the toasts, Marcelino dos Santos hailed. the presence of President
Samora Machel in the city of Beira, as an incentive and tribute to the arduous,
difficult struggle being carried out to liquidate the armed banditry.

The account given by Marcelino dos Santos optimistically pointed to victory in
the unrelenting war against armed banditry, with the certainty that Sofala
Province (as he remarked) will be a secure base for the defense of the national
integrity and sovereignty.

The departure from Beira, on the return to Maputo, took place at nearly 1745
hours. The residents of the provincial capital of Sofala, who converged in
large numbers on the airport, again gave a warm demonstration of friendship and
sympathy for President Samora Machel.

2909
CSO: 3442/425

42


CAPE VERDE

INTERBASE TO AUGMENT FLEET FOR DEEP-SEA FISHING
Praia VOZ DE POVO in Portuguese 9 Jun 84 p 4
[Article by Abilio Tolentino]

[Text] We have learned from the general manager of INTERBASE
[Cape Verdian Fishing Infrastructures Company], engineer
Amiro Faria, that 12 fishing boats will be added in 1985 to
the already existing 3 ships to expand the company's fishing
operations.

Increasing the fleet, beginning deep-sea fishing operations,
acquiring larger cold-storage chambers and expanding the use
of existing facilities are a concern of the company's Board
of Directors. According to engineer Faria, these projects are
scheduled for implementation in the intermediate future.

"With the acquisition of these vessels, the overall value of fishing catches will
rise and unit production costs will be lower," Faria added.

The price and supplier of the ships are not yet known, but they will probably
be obtained on the international market.

The capacity of the refrigeration system is extensive and presently holds 8,000
tons of fish. With its expanded use, the company's development will experience
anew impetus. Also planned for the intermediate future, although not
necessarily as part of INTERBASE, is the construction of a,tuna cannery.

Asked about the company's future, engineer Faria said he believed that it depends
on the world economic situation. One problem that worries the INTERBASE Board
of Directors, and which should be pointed out, is the low price of fish on the
international market. There is also the unrestrained competition of countries
such as Cuba, Mauritania and South Africa in the case of lobsters. "Although
our lobsters are of higher quality, those countries manage to compete with

large price reductions." In the opinion of Manager Faria, this will definitely
cause problems for the company, in view of the low rate of investment for
modernization and the constant need for resources from the Bank of Cape Verde

to finance almost all operations.



SOUTH AFRICA

VIEWS OF MINEWORKERS UNION DISCUSSED
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 6 Jun 84 p 3
[Article: "MWU Not Ready To Talk"]

[Text] The Mineworkers Union [MWU] has reaffirmed its position to the effect
that it is not ready to negotiate about the future of its members in light of
the sixth Wiehahn report.

The general secretary of the MWU, Mr Arrie Paulus, wrote in the union's offi-
cial newspaper, DIE MYNWERKER, that the MWU is satisfied with the current
state of affairs. “Furthermore, we are convinced that there are more than
enough white miners to fully man the industry. With a minor reorganization
of the available shift bosses there will be more than enough whites with
blasting certificates."

Workers

Mr Paulus wrote that this did not even include the white workers who are cur-
rently working in black states. If they were to be withdrawn from there,
there would not be enough work in the Republic for all of them.

"The Mineworkers Union has left the Chamber of Mines and the government in no
doubt as to our position. We have said emphatically that we are willing to
take a look at a few written proposals which ensure the future of white workes
in the industry. Until such time as we receive such a written offer from the
government and/or the Chamber of Mines, the MWU will not conduct any discus—
sions with the Chamber.

Workers

Mr Paulus added that the MWU is willing to be present as an observer at dis-
cussions between the Chamber of Mines and the other unions because the MWU
obviously wants to remain well-informed.

"Meanwhile we would like to ask only this question: for what reason do the
white miners in the Republic have to give up their jobs to black migrant
workers who come from black states?" wrote Mr Paulus.

The sixth Wiehahn report recommends that the remaining positions in the
mining industry still reserved for whites be opened to all races, The govern-
ment has expressed its intention to negotiate with the MWU and the Chamber of
Mines on this subject.

8463
CSO: 3401/87 52


SOUTH AFRICA

ATTITUDE OF SWAPO SEEN AS ROADBLOCK TO NEGOTIATIONS
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 14 Jun 84 p 16
[Editorial: "SWAPO Attitude"]

[Text] It has been said that the arrest of SWAPO members in South West Africa
(Namibia) was bad timing, and that it embarrassed the prime minister during
his European visit.

It could certainly also be argued that it was good timing, precisely because
it emphasized the fact during the prime minister's visit that South Africa's
positions about South West Africa (Namibia) should not be taken lightly.

A third possibility is that there was no timing involved, that the SWAPO mem-
bers were arrested because they allegedly held an illegal meeting, and that
one will have to wait for the court proceedings to see what they can be charged
with.

Meanwhile there is little doubt that during his European visit, Mr P.W. Botha
is not letting any opportunity go by to impress upon the leaders ofthe host coun~
tries that South Africa is serious when it takes the position that the demo-
cratic process in South West Africa (Namibia) must take its course.

There are two obvious requirements before this can happen. SWAPO must give up
its terrorism and the Cubans must leave Angola.

That is a matter on which South Africa cannot take any risks. Sam Nujoma has
undoubtedly not yet given up his position that he is only interested in the
violent takeover of South West Africa (Namibia), and if the Cubans were given
half a chance they would not fail to grab it.

How Nujoma's mind works is clear from the fact that he went in search of sup-
port from the Reverend Jesse Jackson, democratic aspirant to be his party's
presidential candidate, and from Senator Edward Kennedy against the posiion of
the American government as well as of South Africa to the effect that the with-
drawal of the Cubans is irrevocably linked to a settlement in South West
Africa (Namibia).

50


opting all-out for agriculture, not only to bolster their overall
development, but also to absorb their unemployed workers. Angola
and Mozambique are following in their footsteps.

There is no dodging the fact that Upper Voltatoday is in no posi-
tion to solve its unemployment problem -- not by starting from
the jobs end and counting on nothing more substantial than a
handful of industrial units strung out along the one and only
railroad that crosses the country. Besides, continuing to stake
everything on such plants simply encourages the rural exodus by
giving the cities priority over the farm: areas, which means lay-
ing the peasants open to the merciless exploitation fueled by the
petty-bourgeoisie in the towns. Can the August Revolution have any
future without the agricultural sector? In view of the fact that
it still has no effective control over existing industrial produc-
tion, business, or-credit to show as credentials, the answer is
no! There must be radical restructuring of production relations
with the rural world, designed to achieve orderly expansion in
agriculture. This two-pronged restructuring/development effort
will make it possible to reach three goals immediately: banish-
ing famine from the country, building the socio-economic founda-
tions for the Revolution, and absorption of unemployment through-
out the country. How?

Putting an end to famine will come from the collectivization of
the individual farm economy which radical restructuring of the
sector will entail.. And once production is thus removed beyond
the reach of the capitalist influence which now prevails in our
rural areas, farmers will have the time for thoughtful planning
and will, if possible, dispose of all their surpluses through
channels organized by themselves. That means producing collec-
tively, feeding their families first, and then marketing the rest
to pay for the technical means of providing top-quality products
and plenty of them. As for laying the social and economic founda-
tions for the revolution, those will be brought into being on the
basis of State control over production by collectivised structures:
regrouping isolated individual farmers and establishing coopera~
tives. This new approach will fuel the drive toward judicious

use of large areas with high-yield potential; high productivity
will provide the wherewithal, through cooperatives and farms, for
the radical transformation of the countryside: giant farm machi-
nery, big dams, massive ground-clearing operations, bringing in
agro-industry, rural electrification and opening great highways for
transport of farm products, etc.

As for abolishing unemployment, the radically transformed agricul-
tural sector is the path to salvation. Collectivization of the
individual farm economy will of necessity entail the need for state
farms with cooperatives side by side with private producers. The
creation of such farms nationwide will call for thousands of wor-
kers. In fact, five state farms, one per province, as the plan
gets under way now, would employ an initial average of thousands

56



Kaya militants. On Sunday 17 June, the last day of this visit,
inter-CDR traveled in the morning to the construction sites of

4 August houses‘where. its members set to work once again before
setting out on the homeward trail to Ouagadougou. Comrade Kounda
gave a short background briefing on the origins of the movement he
heads, and went on to describe its makeup, its goals, and its am-
bitions. In a word, this trip was profitable to both sides because
all had the oportunity to assess the level. of mobilization of the
membership. It also helped give new revolutionary impetus to this
province, which will never again feel alone on the many fronts of
the battle we must all fight together until the final victory.
This new awakening of consciousness also contributes to more ef-
fective collaboration and to fruitful exchange in discussions of
the issues. It is, in addition, a sign of confidence, and the
CDRs found that they were mutually ready to work harder around
their common ideals. :

6182

cso: 3419/803 END

60


SOUTH AFRICA

VIEWS ON ROLE OF PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL

DIE TRANSVALER Comment
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 20 Jin 84 p 16
[Editorial: "The President's Council: a Necessary Role'']

[Text] With its latest proposals the President's Council in its current form
has proven beyond any doubt that it has made a very extraordinary contribution
during what could be called the transition years in the country's political
structure, :

The Council not only defined and specified the new distribution which will be
finally completed in 2 to 3 months, but as an impartial forum for ideas it has
become the highest symbol of discussions among peoples. Thus it candidly pre-
pared ideas for the political arena which would otherwise definitely never have
taken root. Because they were usually proposals and positions which moved
across party political borders, primarily because they originated in consensus
decisions made by politicians, scientists, sociologists, economists and other
experts from various population groups.

Herein lies one of the most excellent achievements of the President's Council,
specifically that, with a few exceptions, a consensus could be reached on what
in politics are labeled as highly controversial issues.

Thus, in a sense the President's Council was a necessary addition to the tra-
ditional political trade where, especially here in South Africa, party ties
are placed first so that it is not always possible for a healthy interaction
of what could be called free and personal standpoints to take place. The
Council gradually began to bridge that gap, and thus the original fears and
complaints that it was nothing more than a third arm of the government, were
totally groundless.

In this week's proposals from the Constitutional Committee there are, in our
opinion, specifically two recommendations which should be given primary atten-
tion,

When the Council says that with the establishment .of the new system for
whites, Indians and coloreds there is a greater need now than ever before to
look more "squarely" at the constitutional problems related to the blacks the
Council definitely has the support of by far the majority of South Africans
who want general calm to prevail in the future relations among the country's
peoples.


Residents’ Interest

Alfredo Gamito, chief of the No 4 Urban District Brigade: "We began our work
by making a survey of the situation, to find the city blocks that had no
leadership, those which already had it but were operating with shortcomings
and those already revitalized. .Generally speaking, even in the locations
where there had already been revitalization, the situation showed a certain
amount of incipience; there was a great proliferation of rumors associated
with the enemy's action, a lack of clarity and problems involving speculation,
thefts and others.

"But throughout the actual course of our work, we noted a great interest and
gratitude on the part of the population, which was reflected in active parti-
cipation. In the areas affected by the enemy's action, the population and
the militia members requested weapons and ammunition to defend their districts
and belongings."

To afford an understanding of the type of problems encountered by this brigade,
we shall explain that the No 4 Urban District includes the Mavalane, Laulane,
A and B Hulene, Costa do Sol, Mahotas, FPLM and Albasini districts. Alfredo
Gamito added: "Just to show the enthusiastic manner in which the people's
participation was evinced in our district, I should say that, on the average,
the meetings of the city block (a block includes 50 persons, that is, 10
families) were attended by between 43 and 45 individuals (never fewer than
40). In the district in which I live, for example, the cement zone, I attended
a meeting to elect the block leadership at which there were only seven of us
present, including two foreigners."

Types of Problems

Press: The majority of the brigades have acted simultaneously in surburban
areas and also in semi-rural districts, and some even in essentially rural
areas. What features distinguish some of these other areas, from the stand-
point of problems encountered, the population's receptiveness, and others?

Eduardo Arao, chief of the No 5 Urban District Brigade: "In fact, depending
on the features of each area, there are specific problems, and also varied
types of action.

"The district in which our brigade operates includes the Jardim, Luis Cabral,
A and B Junho, Bagamoyo, George Dimitrov, Mahiazine, Zimpeto and Magoanine
district.

"For example, the Luis Cabral district shows a feature that is quite different
from those of the others. It is located near the port, and so nearly all the
speculators and robbers of trains and wharves try to use it as a transit point
to send the product of their theft to the city. But districts such as Zimpeto
or Magoanine, for example, with semi-rural or even rural features, are now
showing problems involving a lack of work tools for farm production, lack of
seed and a lack of transportation facilities for removing their crops to the
city."

20


MOZAMBIQUE

MAPUTO NURSERY PROJECT TO MAKE COOPERATIVE WORK MORE PROFITABLE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Jun 84 ps8

[Text] Yesterday, the agricultural-livestock cooperatives in Maputo began
transplanting 2.5 million vegetable plants from their nurseries to the
collective farms. This is the second transplanting from those nurseries recent-
ly built by the General Union of Cooperatives, the main purpose of which is to
make the work of the cooperativists Profitable, to improve the quality of the
products and to save on vegetable seed.

The General Union of Agricultural-Livestock Cooperatives started building these
nurseries located in Mahotas on 22 March of this year. On 31 March the sowing
began, with’ 101 seedbeds completed on the first day. .A month later, they began
selling plants ready for transplanting to the collective farms.

From this first seedbed they transplanted nearly 1.2 million plants, including
lettuce,thick-stemmed kale, bunched kale, cabbage and a small amount of broccoli.
From this first seedbed of the General Union of Agricultural-Livestock Coopera-
tives' nursery, transplants were made on an area of nearly 20 hectares, from
which the cooperativists expected to obtain nearly 200 tons of vegetables.

At the present time, the first green vegetables are being harvested and, from
the good results accrued in the growth of the plants, it is thought that the
final production from this first seedbed will exceed 200 tons.

After the first.sowing that lasted into the first days of April, and while the
seeds were germinating and becoming sturdy under the painstaking care of the
nearly 50 workers tending those fields, the work on expanding the nurseries
continued.

At present, they have dimensions of 3 hectares, distributed among nearly 1,200
seedbeds, in three blocs, with a total of 40 water tanks (each with 1,200
liters), uniformly distributed, as well as a main tank located beside the field
with a capacity for 100,000 liters. The water supply comes: from a well.

The building of this infrastructure, backed with nearly 800,000 meticals, is the
basis for ensuring the regular supply of 2.5 million plants, an average amount
necessary for an average of nearly 50 hectares with an estimated production of
almost 400 tons. Thus, it is expected to. be able to introduce a 5-year cycle,
with a work routine established whereby every 15 days new sowing and new trans-
plants are carried out.

38


Koeberg Nuclear Waste Disposal Discussed
(BEELD, 13 Jun 84)...cccscccccccccceccesscsecesesceccescns

UPPER VOLTA
Radical Restructuring, Development Urged
(Babou Paulin Bamouni Editorial; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN,
No 836, 22 Jun 84). ..csccecceccscescevecccccceseccecsececs

Ouagadougou CDR Militants Mobilize Activities in Kaya
(Marcel Belem; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, No 836, 22 Jun 84).....

=ce

53

55

58



MOZAMBIQUE

MAPUTO COOPERATIVE UNION INTRODUCES NEW PLANNING SYSTEM
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Jun 84 p 8

{Text] The General Union of Agricultural-Livestock Cooperatives of Maputo has
introduced a planning system for all its cooperatives which, since it is quite
original, will constitute a means of incentive and emulation among the various
cooperatives.

According to an analytical report on the "rural cooperativization movement"
in the Greater Maputo region, prepared at the beginning of this year, it was
deemed necessary to establish three different types of standard requirements.

The management of the cooperativists therefore established three categories:
A, B and C. Those in category A will have to be cooperatives with optimal
standards of productivity and organization of the work force, which, from a
legal standpoint, now constitute self-managed enterprises; those in category
B will be the relatively well organized cooperatives which, however, have not
attained certain productivity indexes, nor total autonomy in management; and,
finally, those in category C are cooperatives in the initial phase, or without
organization.

The General Union analyzed the status of each of the 151 agricultural-livestock
cooperatives, and concluded that there are not yet any that could be regarded as
being in category A. It was thought that the 61 cooperatives which exceeded
the plan in 1983 would be defined as being in category B and the remaining 90
in category C.

Based upon this division, it was decided to concentrate efforts on the coopera-
tives in group B, so that the cooperative movement might undergo a leap from
the standpoint of productivity and capacity for self-management. These coopera-
tives will have to produce twice, or at least a third more than they produced
in 1983; they must be integrated into a new banking support system; they must
be the object of new investments in means of production; and they must start
the process for their legal recognition.

In opting for this @iffering .policy for the cooperatives based on the level of

their development, the General Union intends to create a spirit of competition
among similar cooperatives.

31



MOZAMBIQUE

MARIO MACHUNGO SPEAKS TO NEW ZAMBEZIA GOVERNMENT MEMBERS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Jun 84 pl

[Text] "Your capacity to solve problems every day makes you responsible for the
offices that you. have assumed. When we lose the ability to solve problems, it
is because we have lost the ability for leadership." This statement was made
by Mario Machungo, member of the FRELIMO Party's Politburo, minister of planning
and head of the Province of Zambezia, last Monday, when he spoke in Quelimane
the ceremony at which new members of the provincial government took office.

The new officials now sworn in hold the positions of provincial director of
support and inspection, the governor's office chief and the secretary of public
relations in the government; and they are, respectively, Joao Albuquerque Age,
Jose Armando Silvestre and Jose Juizo Malua.

Also in his remarks during this ceremony, the head of Zambezia Province stated:
"This act is a continuation of the work that we have been doing to reinforce the
state apparatus, in the context of the instructions from the FRELIMO Party's
Fourth Congress." He also noted that, with these assignments, some gaps that
have been observed on the provincial government level have been "efficiently"
filled.

Mario Machungo declared: "They have not taken office only to be comfortably
situated in positions to which they were assigned, but they must also adhere
to the responsibility that they have assumed to make a dissection of the
duties that they will perform"; adding: "From that dissection, they must remove
the evils that exist in the body of the office, so that we may have an office
that operates without grains of sand hampering the accomplishment of the tasks
assigned to the state apparatus in the province."

The head of Zambezia Province also mentioned the responsibility that is incumbent
on the new members of the government, claiming: "The official and his cadres
show the ability to assume office properly when they succeed in solving the
problems at all times; because the tasks are becoming increasingly complex. We
must grow to the stature of solving the problems."

2909
CSO: 3442/422

16


They Are Not Imposed Entities

Eduardo Arao, chief of the No 5 District Brigade: "This phase was quite
constructive and relatively very important to all the work that still exists.
During it, there were dismissals (in the district in which we are working,
including 12 neighborhoods with 141,000 inhabitants) of 31 city block chiefs
for incompetence, systematic drunkenness, inefficiency, diversion of funds
and other reasons. On the other hand, in the areas subject to threat of
enemy action, scores of individuals suspected of being connected with the
armed bandits were neutralized.

"All this, to mention only a few of the actions that the offensive made it
possible to detect, was possible only because of the population's active
participation in the performance of this work; essentially because the popula-
tion considered this activity as something different. Up until now, the

city block entities, where they existed, were like something virtually imposed
on the populace. But starting when they were calledupon to make statements,
and to analyze.the record and social behavior of the individuals proposed to
head the city blocks, they participated actively and enthusiastically in this
endeavor; because now, the election of those who will represent and defend
their interests is, indeed,guaranteed."

Mario Guerreiro, chief of the No 6 District Brigade: "A feature which also
seems important to me is that this widespread involvement by the people in the
execution of this offensive made it ‘possible to lend the political work in the
districts a pace that did not exist before. It is not only the members of the
party residing in each district, the deputies of the People's Assemblies or the
members of the democratic mass organizations that are actively participating
in this éndeavor, but also, and primarily, the residents themselves, who have
arrived en. masse and forcefully protestéd, when individuals who are useless
have been proposed. And they do not confine themselves to saying that they
are useless, but they also disclose real incidents which prove the inability
of a certain proposed individual.

"This makes it possible to entrench increasingly the fundamental principle of
the FRELIMO Party, of the habit of discussing the problems in our lives. And
this is possible only when the population has confidence that the issue being
debated there pertains to it, and that only with its intervention can it be
satisfactorily resolved."

2909
cso: 3442/425

23



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIGADE CHIEFS HOLD ROUND-TABLE ON MAPUTO CITY ORGANIZATION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 22, 23 Jun 84
[22 Jun 84 p 2]

[vext] New dynamics in political work is emerging in the city of Maputo, with
the organizational offensive that the party committee has been conducting for
nearly 2 months in all districts of the capital. This sentiment is shared by
the chiefs of the 10 party brigades taking part in the agitprop process that
will lead to the creation of party committees in the capital's eight urban
districts. As they stressed at the round-table discussion that theyhelda few
days ago with the press, it is rooted in the population's active participation
found in all districts, not only in the discussion of their problems, but also
from the standpoint of their availability to take part in action aimed at
intensifying the level of organization in their rank and file leadership, as
a guarantee that many of their concerns will be resolved.

Today, we present the first part of excerpts from the round-table discussion
held last Tuesday on this topic, with the chiefs of the city committee brigades
and administrators from Maputo's urban districts.

Press: In the present phase of this offensive, what are the most prominent
features that can be discerned?

Lourenco Rodrigues, chief of the No 1 Urban District Brigade: "This process
really demands a great effort and involvement on the part of the residents
themselves in the discussion of the problems and in the analysis of the
directives proposed from the city block level to the neighborhood mobilizing
group [GD]. And there has been major participation by the people in it.

This participation is due to the fact that the people view this work as their
own.

"That is why this activity assumed the nature of an offensive, in which, day
and night, including weekends, countless problems have been raised involving
speculation, crime, theft, prostitution and others; some of which have been
resolved immediately, and others channeled to the competent agencies."

The No 1 Urban District includes the cement area comprising the A and B Polana

Cement districts, Sommerschield, COOP, A and B Malhangalene, A and B Alto Mae,
and A, B and C Central.

19



In one group this would mean striving for higher indexes on productivity and
a more intensive use of the means of production. In another, it would mean
better organization and the establishment of self-confidence,

This week, an official of the General Union told our reporter that this policy
is beginning to bring results, and it is thought that this year could be a

year of definite demarcation between the concept of cooperatives that existed up
until now and the one coming into existence, for a large number of cooperativ-
ists.

It will be the consolidation of that concept that will actually lead to the
conversion of family farming into socialist farming. In 1983, at least eight
cooperatives proved that the cooperative can be sensed by the peasant as some-
thing that is his own, that belongs to him, like the family farm, but which
can give him a better living than individual production can,

The General Union also believes that a qualitative leap is already taking place
in the identification of the peasant with the cooperative's land, with the
collective means of production. This discovery and its intensification have
been made by all those who live and work with the cooperativests, particularly
the party and district entities.

This attention to details of planning stems from the principle that the planning
action is critical for the internal growth of a cooperative.

When the cooperativists note, upon analyzing the previous plan, that they have
not fulfilled it, they are never encouraged to devise a more demanding plan than
the previous one; on the contrary, they are urged to draw back, heading toward
easier goals.

According to the General Union's document, on the psychological level, the
over-fulfillment of the plan in a cooperative creates an emotional charge
leading to better involvement in the work and motivation for a more ambitious
plan than the previous one. On the other hand, if the plan is not over-
fulfilled, because of mistakes in calculation, and imposition of numbers and
tons exceeding and unrelated to the capacities, it produces an atmosphere of
incapacity, humilitation and defeat.

They are also of the opinion that the planning in the cooperatives is the best
occasion for analyzing social, economic and financial activity.

2909
CSO: 3442/422

32



GUINEA-BISSAU

AGRICULTURE, INFRASTRUCTURE, OFFSHORE OIL DEVELOPMENTS

Frankfurt/Main FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT in German
13 Jun 84 p 2

/Text/ In Guinea-Bissau, where about 810,000 people live on a plain of 36,125
square kms and which belongs among the poorest developing countries, economic
development is vastly dependent on foreign help. At the end of December 1983,
the government devalued the Guinea-Peso. More than 80 percent of the population
lives from agriculture which would have to be partiuclarly promoted in order

to adequately feed the population and to have goods available for export.
Furthermore, the still inadequate infrastructure should be developed, above all
the sea and river harbors, airports, streets and the energy supply. In addi-
tion, mining resources should be opened up and the establishment of industrial
enterprises should be supported.

In the agrarian field, especially the cultivation of rice, the most important
staple food, is being developed. In October 1983, the African Development Fund,
Abidjan (Ivory Coast), granted Guinea-Bissau a loan of 6.05 million accounting
units (1 accounting unit = about $0.99) for partial financing of the Tombali
rice development project. The International Fund for Agricultural Development
(IFAD), Rome, is also participating in the financing of the project with 8.08
million accounting units as is the World Food Program with 1.08 million
accounting units. Through the project, the total costs of which are estimated
at 16.42 million accounting units, fallow rice fields (3,400 hectare) should

be made useful and also the required infrastructure should be re-established.

Another agrarian project involves the agricultural development of the Bafatu-
Gabu zone; it is being financed by the European Development Fund and by France.
The European Development Fund granted a subsidy of 6.8 million accounting units
(1 accounting unit = about 2.24 DM) and the French Government's Fund for Aid
and Cooperation (FAC) made 3.6 million accounting units available. The total
investment expenditures are estimated at round 10.4 million accounting units.
In the summer of 1983, an international bidding was arranged for the supply

of tools, vehicles and other goods. At the end of 1983, Brasil took part with
$5 million in a sugar cane project in Gambiel for producing alcohol,

The most significant development project currently being realized in Guinea-

Bissau is the expansion and modernization of the Bissau seaport and also of
the four inner harbors in Binta, Cacine, Cadique and Caboxanque. The investment

13



UPPER VOLTA

OUAGADOUGOU CDR MILITANTS MOBILIZE ACTIVITIES IN KAYA
Quagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French No 836,22 Jun 84 pp 11,12
{Article by Marcel Belem]

After their exploits in Po and Bobo Dioulasso, the Ouagadougou
section of the inter CDR network, which now includes 52 neighbor-
hoods in the nation's capital, last week-end picked up its pil-
grim's staffs. The 63 members of this imposing delegation, led

by Comrade Mahamady Kouanda, head of the Union, set off on Friday
15 June, heading for Kaya, capital of Sanementinga. The group,
showing its commitment to political orientation, thus makes itself
a living example of activist solidarity, of standing together, and
of unity. It stands as one more witness to the fact that dedicated
members of the Committee to Defend the Revolution (CDR) are and
always will’be ready to leap into the breach whenever they are
needed to mobilize the nation's sons and daughters in a job of na-
tion-building.

So it was that by showing up in the heart of Sanementinga, inter
CDR has won yet another victory over those who think that the re-
volution is taking place only in Quagadougou, as well as a victory
over the rebels who place theory ahead of practice and action.

The truth is that Kaya, like Po and Bobo, were rendezvous for giv-
ing as well as receiving. Everybody concerned had something new
to learn from everybody else.

Surprise Landing

Although the Kaya activists were surprised on Friday evening when
the unexpected guests landed, they reacted swiftly and with revo-
lutionary fervor that pleased all present. While the Ouagadougou
people were there -- until Sunday evening -- nobody had anything
to complain about. In Kaya the inter-CDR militants had laid on many
activities, On Sunday 16 Jun from 0800 to 1330 hours they later-
ally invaded the various construction .sites for the 4 August
cities. As always, their enthusiasm and eagerness to work were
infectious, and carried all along with them. Sweating but sing-
ing all the while, they made bricks, shoveled sand and gravel,
and poured concrete. Their contribution was considerable. At
1600 hours came a memorable meeting, one not to be missed by any

58


Industry

GDP [gross domestic product] growth estimates for 1983 were between 7 and 8
percent for industrial production and 6.6 percent for employment in the sector.
These figures are considered moderate due to the embryonic state of industry in
Cape Verde, which is characterized by a limited number of industries comprising
the sector and by its complexity and foreign dependence. Other factors con-
tributing to the industrial sector's low output were also noted: a decline in
the number and size of manufacturing plants, low production and scarcity of
materials.

Despite the sector's "handicap," the decisive role in making the national
economy viable has been assigned to industry. One of the government's Main
concerns during the past year was, therefore, the establishment of the State
Secretariat for Industry and Energy.

According to the report, a group of industrial programs were implemented with

a substantial financial investment, nearly 1,351 million escudos. This invest-
ment effort was 57 percent more than that made in 1982 and 38 percent more than
the Investment Program's forecasts, representing 30 percent of all investments
made by the government in 1983. The number of jobs produced is estimated at 603,
representing 85 percent of forecasts and 2.4 percent of all jobs produced in
1983.

In a quick summary of the industrial sector, we list some of the accomplishments
mentioned in the government report, such as completion of the S. Vicente Ship-
yards project (which absorbed an investment of US$40 million), renewed exploi-
tation of Porto Novo pozzolana and the SONACOR project--Public Corporation for
Equipment Maintenance and Repair. More recent programs should also be men-
tioned, such as FAMA--Alimentary Paste Company, whose installations and equip-
ment-importing process have already begun, the SITA--Industrial Dye Company,
Inc., whose mission is to produce dye, varnish and glue, the Integrated Maio
Project, which includes cement plants, salt works and port infrastructures, and
whose technical and financial feasibility studies have already been completed."

Fishing

This sector is noted as one of the few in which the country has exploitable
natural resources, but there is still a lot to be learned about potential fishing
resources. Nevertheless, based on cautious estimates, it is estimated that
actual exploitation of existing production potential is about 30 percent.

In 1983, the subsector of small-scale fishing was comprised of a labor force of
4,005 fishermen, representing 4.4 percent of the working population, 75.5 percent
of whom are employed exclusively as fishermen, having produced 78 percent of the
total catch. The subsector of industrial fishing, with 22 percent of the catch,
in turn accounted for 62 percent of exported tuna.



MOZAMBIQUE

OTM, PORTUGAL'S CGTP TO SIGN COOPERATION AGREEMENT
Lisbon DIARIO DE LISBOA in Portuguese 20 Jun 84 p 4

(Text/ The OTM (Mozambican Worker Organization) and the CGTP [General Federa-
tion of Portuguese Workers/ will sign a cooperation agreement at the end of the
visit which the labor union organization of that Portuguese-speaking country is
now making to Portugal.

This was announced today during a press conference when Jose Luis Judas, the
current head of the International Relations Department of the CGTP, said that
the terms of the agreement call for cooperation in some fields of activity,
both in union matters and with regard to production techniques as well as
aspects connected to the area of job training.

The CGTP leader also hinted at the possibility of technical-administrative aid
to his Mozambican sister organization, declaring that the National Intersindical
is ready to cooperate in all fields.

Jose Luis Judas also disclosed the launching of a national solidarity campaign
with Mozambique specifically through the collection of food, clothing, and
medications to be contributed so as to help reduce the difficulties which that
African country is going through now.

Half a Million Members

Raising the class consciousness of the workers, increasing their action capacity
with regard to the tasks that arise in the fight against hunger and for develop-
ment and promoting their organization--these, according to Correia Ganancio,
assistant secretary-general of the OTM, are the priority objectives of the
Mozambican labor union organization. The leader of the labor union delegation
from Mozambique on the other hand did not conceal the difficulties which have
arisen in his country's labor union organization, above all due to the lack of
experience which prevailed in this field before and after independence. This
is why there are no parallels for the forms of organization encountered, at
least during the start-up phase which began with the establishment of the
production councils in each production unit.

The OTM has at least about half a million members and will soon start the
organization of labor unions by activity branches. In this respect, 16 or 17
unions are now being planned. The bylaws which were approved at last year's
OTM Congress also hint at the possibility of the creation of associations
organized by specific activities.

29



Recourse to scapegoats was once again evidenced with the recent government
reshuffling in Maputo which was also touched on very lightly in the conversa-
tion between Jorge Correia and the newsmen. This reshuffling was significant
first of all because it pointed up the ineffectiveness of the prior reshuffling
which was carried out not too many months ago. In second place it was
significant in terms of the confrontation between the two wings of FRELIMO:
Contrary to what happened to his fellow government officials, Mariano
Matsinhe and Jose Carlos Lobo, who_were reassigned, respectively, as governor
of the Province of Niassa and as {illegible passage in original/ chairman of
{missing words/ aliens, the former interior minister, Gen Armando Quebuza,

a member of the party's Political Committee and until now one of "his strong-
men," was not appointed to any position.

The RENAMO delegate noted that Armando Quebuza is a declared opponent of the
Incomati Accord and a leader who has strong support in the (pro-Soviet) left
wing of FRELIMO, both in the military and in the civilian sectors, which is

why Samora Machel is playing a risky and difficult game with him. The
reference to the Incomati Accord provided an opportunity for the severe
criticisms expressed by Jorge Correia; according to him, the agreement was

“a total failure” and guerrilla operations were resumed immediately after the
accord was signed, contrary to what had been hoped for; the FRELIMO government--
he added--"has become the vassal of the Republic of South Africa" and the
latter in turn "is getting ready to use the security and economy of Mozambique
as future support for the continuation of its apartheid when, after independence
for Namibia, international pressure will once again be exerted against Pretoria
and its regime."

The Incomati Accord and its consequences also triggered a statement about the
Cabora Bassa dam: "Electric power will be transmitted from Cabora Bassa only
with the support of RENAMO,” Jorge Correia emphasized. "We are talking and
we have spelled out our terms but there has to be reciprocity on the part of
Portugal and South Africa so that we may get energy."

Operation "Cacimbo Ardente"

The statements by the RENAMO delegate covered not only political aspects. The
press conference was also used to announce that Operation "Burning Bush" is
now under way in nine provinces of Mozambique; 16,G00 guerrilla fighters are
involved in this operation. The main objective of the Resistance continues to
be to close the ring around Maputo on land and urban guerrilla operations are
expected to be launched soon. Jorge Correia supplied various reports on the
military situation in the area around the capital of Mozambique and again
recommended that all foreigners depart since the guerrillas will not be able

to tell them apart when they attack transports or any other targets.

Announcements distributed by RENAMO prior to this meeting with the mass media
and dealing with last May and the first few days of June mentioned more than
550 casualties that were inflicted upon the government forces, with scores of
tons of equipment captured by the guerrillas in various combat areas, plus
the destruction of eight railroad trains, 34 military vehicles, and seven
Soviet tanks, and, among other surprise operations, the destruction of the
barracks of a government battalion in Savane, 30 kilometers north of the city

of Beira.

5058 26
CSO: 3442/419



the goods which they need most. As for the exporting of coffee, the source
disclosed that it is reserved for Cafangol. However, he was able to explain
that, during May, the territorial coffee enterprise sent 655 tons of commer-
cial coffee to the nation's capital, to be.evaluated for subsequent export.
The coffee had been accumulated in the province since 1979. [Text] [Luanda
JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 3 Jul 84 p 3] 2909

COFFEE STORED SINCE 1982--During a visit to the locality at the invitation

of the area's population, the provincial commissar, Zeferino Estevao, learned
that 15,000 bags of coffee (nearly 900 tons) have been held in the storage
facility of the cooperative in the village of Kimanga, in the municipality

of Uige, since 1982. The commissar was also informed that some peasants destroy
coffee plantations to replace them with cassava, since it is more profitable.
To justify their position, the peasants explained: "In the past, coffee ranked
second or third among the area's most important crops, and we do not know its
value at present." The Uige leader was apprised of the population's difficul-
ties with food, clothing and farming and construction materials, as well as
schools and departments. The people expressed their willingness'to take up
arms to defend their villages, because the enemy attacks the villages first,
and the cities are not attacked until later. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA
in Portuguese 3 Jul 84 p 3] 2909

ODP'S TAKE OATH--On Saturday, 406 combatants from the People's Defense Organi-
zation (ODP) in this city took the oath of loyalty to the fatherland and to
the people, at the conclusion of 6 months of military instruction. The provin-
cial commissar, Zeferino Estevao, who officiated at the ceremony, congratulated
the ODP command, the instructors and those who took the oath, urging them to
remain firm in combating the enemies of the people. Moreover, 28 commissars,
fiften municipal, two communal and 11 assistant municipal commissars, were
sworn in yesterday at a ceremony held in the Grand Hall of the Provincial
People's Assembly. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 3 Jul 84

p 3] 2909

19TH BRIGADE COMBATANTS PRAISED--From 18 to 19 June, a delegation from the
Regional Military Council of the Fourth Politico-Military Region, headed by
the provincial commissar of Namibe and member of this military institution,
Faustino Muteka, visited the municipality of Mulondo, nearly 200 kilometers
from the city of Lubango. On the site, Muteka praised the combatants of the
19th Motorized Infantry Brigade stationed there, for their resistance and
courage in combating the South African troops who are attempting to occupy
part of Angolan territory. The members of the motorized infantry command
presented wrist watches and other incentives to the soldiers who had most
distinguished themselves in combat. According to Faustino Muteka, the
combatants from the 19th Brigade managed to drive back the South African
invasion and prevent the expansion of the buffer zone on Angolan territory.
[Text] .[Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 22 Jun 84 p 3] 2909

2909
cso: 3442/430


ANGOLA

BRIEFS

TEXACO PRODUCTION FIGURES-—During 1983, the income of Texaco Petroleum of
Angola (SARL) amounted to 178,713,050 kwanzas, resulting from sales to the
Luanda refinery and exports of crude oil. According to statistical data
published in the "Gazette of the Republic," last year Texaco sold nearly
1,339,195 barrels of crude oil worth 601,379,830 kwanzas to the Luanda Refinery,
and exported 379,825 barrels, for the sum of 307,555,429 kwanzas. During
1983, Texaco's share of the total crude oil production was 1,808,322 barrels,
representing a 3 percent decline in comparison with the production in 1982.
Also according to the released data, the company participated during 1983 in
the program for research and development in the land concession area of the
Finasonangol-Texaco association (FST), and in the drilling of nine development
wells and one inspection well, including the Ganda-3 well. [Text] [Luanda
JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 22 Jun 84 p 1] 2909

FAPLA COMBATANTS JOIN MPLA--Nearly 320 soldiers from the People's Armed Forces
for the Liberation of Angola (FAPLA) will be enlisted in the MPLA-Labor Party
in connection with the campaign for the party's growth which has been underway
since last August in the Fifth Military Region. According to the region's
political commissar, the growth of the party in the FAPLA will continue as the
troops' political consciousness is raised. That political commissar announced
that, during October and November of last year, 10 soldiers were elected to
hold offices in the party and youth superior entities in the provinces under
the jurisdiction of the Fifth Region (Huila, Cunene and Namibe). [Text]
[Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 24 Jun 84 p 1] 2909

CACAO EXPORT FIGURES--ANGOP was told yesterday by a trustworthy source that,
with the recent exporting of 143 tons of cacao, CABIMEX (Provincial Import-
Export Enterprise) started a process of exporting various products to the
international market. According to the source, CABIMEX may soon be exporting
parquet blocks and strips for covering floors to countries, which it has not
begun; and the initiative will most likely be applied to coconuts, accumulated
since 1975. In the opinion of the source who was contacted, the exporting of
coconuts is contingent on the backing that ENCODIPA [National Company for
Purchase and Distribution of Agricultural Products] is required to obtain
from the agencies supplying products for barter; because a large percentage
of the coconuts is held by the peasants, who turn them over in exchange for



costs. for them are estimated at round $48 million. In September 1983, the
Kuwait Fund for Arabian Economic Development (KFAED) provided a loan of $10.4
million for it and, in June 1983, the International Development Association
(IDA) of the World Bank-Group provided a credit of over $16 million. Additional
credit was granted by the Arabian Bank for Economic Development in Africa
(Badea), Khartoum (Sudan), for $10 million and by the Saudi Fund for Development
for $8.35 million. The Dutch company, Netherland's Engineering Consultants
(Nedeco), Amesfoort, was engaged as the advisory enterprise. A contract for
the significant construction work was obtained by the Portuguese enterprise,
Somec.

To accomplish the Bissalanca airport project, KFAED granted a credit of 1.25
million Kuwait dinars (1 Kuwait dinar = about 9.32 DM) in the spring of 1983.
The Bissalanca International Airport is 11 km northwest from the city of Bissau,
Will be further expanded. Since the summer of 1983, large cargo planes can
also land there after having the takeoff and landing strip extended by the
Portuguese enterprise, Soares da Costa, for $9 million.

:.Using the European Development Fund, street and bridge construction are being
carried out. The construction of a bridge with two lanes over the Rio Camposa
at Bafata in the Northeast region, for which the European Development Fund made
a contribution of 3.25 million accounting units, was put up for international
bidding in the summer of 1983. It should replace the existing one-lane wooden
bridge. The Italian enterprise, Crisci and Mazzuolo of Naples, took over the
advisory tasks and the preparation of the call for tenders. As a further
project, the European Development Fund is financing the erection of buildings
of architectural merit and the construction of the entry ramps for the road,
San Vincente-M'Pack.

In order to develop the energy supply, construction of a dam with an adjacent
power plant was planned near Saltinho on the Rio Corubal. In the summer of
1983, the Portuguese engineering consultant firm, Consultores Barragens (Coba)
took over the preparation of the final project plans which will require about
18 months. The required investments for this project are estimated at around
$40 million. In the city of Bissau, the electricity producing capacity of the
power plant should be increased fro 3,000 to 5,000 KW. Furthermore, in the
spring of 1983, the electrification of five provincial centers was put up for
international bidding.

On the basis of studies, crude oil and natural gas deposits are supposed to be
present in the offshore region of Guinea-Bissau. To finance a second project
for exploring these deposits, the IDA has underwritten a loan of $13.1 million
in the summer of 1983. The domestic, state-owned Petrominas and the U.S. Digicon
Corporation were contracted for carrying out the necessary geophysical investiga-
tions. Furthermore, in the spring of 1984, the government-owned Petrominas
gave up the concession for searching for oil in an offshore region 4,500 km in
size on the north of the country, to an international consortium under the
direction of the French Elf-Aquitaine. The other partners of the consortium
are the British Petroleum Co Ltd (BP), the U.S. Texaco Resources and the
Wintershall AG., Kassel. In the southeast of the country, bauxite deposits
were found with the help of the Soviet Union. In cooperation with the French
State Office of Geological and Mining Research (BRGM), in Paris, phosphate
deposits were also found.

14


According to the report, the regional distribution of investments actually
implemented is as follows: Santiago--213.3 million escudos (or the equivalent
of 47 percent); Fogo e Brava--99.5 million escudos (22 percent); Santo Antao--
95 million (21 percent); S. Nicolau--13.8 million (3 percent); Boa Vista--8.1
million (2 percent); S. Vicente--72 million (2 percent).

With regard to underground water, the report also mentioned the cataloging of
water wells on different islands, construction of infiltration galleries,
mechanical drilling of boreholes for water exploration, the installation of
water extraction equipment in certain boreholes to be used for supplying water
to people and livestock, the installation of windmills for utilizing wind energy,
completion of the foundation works for installing a solar-powered pump in San-
tiago, the construction of tanks and sluices, and the implementation of flood
repair works.

Plant conservation also received great attention from the government. The
report noted "the investigation and cataloging of the main pests and crop
diseases, the development of phytosanitary agents, the creation of a mobile
brigade to aid farmers, acquisition of equipment, pesticides, seed and ferti-
lizers. The number of plants planted in 1983 was estimated at nearly 1,251,000.

With regard to livestock production and conservation, the government report
stated that basic technical-economic studies are being conducted for the recon-
version and improved management of national livestock.

Special reference was made to the enactment of the Basic Agrarian Reform Law in
1983, a year that was marked by the conversion of 247 regular titles of owner-
ship covering 115 hectares of irrigated land and 52 hectares of arid land into
state-owned property that was nationalized or acquired by the government in
Santiago, Santo Antao and S. Nicolau.

The report further stated that "procedures are underway for the government to
acquire private property that will subsequently be transferred to beneficiaries
in accordance with the law. Some acquisitions have already been completed," the
document noted, "equivalent to 417 hectares, of which 112.2 hectares are
irrigated land and 304.8 hectares are arid land." In the area of agrarian reform
the governmunt report also noted certain measures taken, such as the publication
of regulations governing compensation criteria and procedures, farm leasing
agreements, the expropriation process, establishment of the National Agrarian
Reform Council and Municipal Agrarian Reform Committees. Priority areas sub+
ject to government action were also specified. The process is underway.
However, it will be difficult for agrarian reform to proceed without the
implementation of certain tasks, some preliminary and others concurrent, such
as farm expansion and cooperatives, and an effort to achieve proper operation
of agencies for organization and mobilization, and farmers' associations.


Fanequisso Lissane, secretary for organization of the city party, is-a modera-
tor of the round-table discussion. "This issue is really important. In the
districts contained in the city's green zone belt, the type of general
concern is more associated with the activity of the bulk of the population;
just as, if we were Xipamanine, the concerns would be those of the market and
the cement zone, of inadequate cleaning of the properties and elevators,
damage, deterioration of houses, water that does not run and others."

Mario Guerreiro, chief of the No 6 Urban District Brigade: "Our district
consists of 14 neighborhoods, all of which are semi-rural and rural. Our
experience there has been that the concerns are quite geared to the environment.
But I would like to mention another point, already brought up here by Comrade
Gamito, but which seems to me not to have been sufficiently emphasized. It

is that the greater degree of the people's participation, the greater interest
and the total availability of the people have occurred more in these areas,

even the rural ones, in the suburban and semi-rural ones, unlike the cement
areas.

"This proves that it is precisely those faced with the greatest numbers of
problems, in comparison with the residents of the city, ranging from those
involving transportation, lack of water, lack of public lighting and even
facilities for providing them, to a lack of oil, not to mention the overall
shortages of a family nature, who are aware that no one is going to come from
outside to solve those problems.

"Therefore, when there is party work, the population of those areas partici-
pates en masse, and offers to hold the leadership posts in the organs already
created there; because it knows that this is the way that it can study and
solve its problems."

Press: The composition of the leadership, either of the city block or the GD,
is uniform. So, how can it be guaranteed that, in their activity, they will
be sensitive to problems of urban, sururban or semi-rural areas? Shouldn't
there be a different type of composition for them, consistent with the features
of the location?

Fanequisso Lissane: "The composition of the leadership organs of the city blocks
or mobilizing groups is uniform. But the individuals who comprise them are
from each of the areas; hence, they themselves are sensitive to the general
concerns of. those locations, because they live in them too. So, although a
city block of GD in Mahlazine or Houlene may have the same composition as

its counterparts in Chamanculo or Malhangalene, and even the same standards or
general principles of the party with regard to the type of action, the local
problems which will constitute the basis of their work are not the same."

Administrator of the No 4 Urban District: "In addition to that, at the very

outset this feature is provided for, because the type of activity carried out
by the brigades mobilizing this process is not the same in one location as in
another. Each brigade must study the specific features of the area in which

21



249111

JPRS-SSA-84-084

1 August 1984

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

“DITRBUTION SHAT
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Approved for pubite reisces
Distribution Unlimited

_ PMC QUaLrrY DespRcren g

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

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US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161

t
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Ag?



In answer to questions, Dr Johan Jones, secretary of finance for South West
Africa (Namibia), told SAKE-RAPPORT that recent reports to the effect that
De Beers might possibly end some of its activities because of the rise in the
taxation of diamond mines, are exaggerated. He said that the mines knew
about the matter before taxes were increased.

He said that the region's economy is very much exposed to the world economy.
All industries are oriented toward exports. If the world economy is weak,
this will rapidly affect the region's economy.

Offer

The opposite is also true. He means that a recovery in Europe, America and
Japan which may be on the way, could rapidly have an impact on South West
Africa (Namibia). .

The diamond and karakul industries especially are improving.

This could possibly help the growth rate. Since 1978, with the exception of
1981, this region has shown a negative real growth rate. Increased state
activities during that year produced a small positive growth.

South West Africa's (Namibia) finances were once again in the spotlight during
Prime Minister P.W. Botha's recent trip abroad when he made an offer to the
five Western powers to take over the administration of that region.

This year an amount of 348 million rands has been budgeted as an allowance
from South Africa to South West Africa (Namibia). In addition, 250 million
rands are paid by the South African treasury for customs and excise income.
And then there is also the money that is spent for the maintenance of govern-
ment services in South West Africa (Namibia).

Professor Geert de Wet, professor of economics at the Rand African University,
believes that this spending pattern is typical for a developing country.

The economy of South West Africa (Namibia) is also sensitive to developments
in the world economy. The region has few secondary industries and is dependent
on agriculture and mining. Those two industries are primarily export oriented
and sensitive to developments on the world market.

8463
CSO: 3401/87 |



In the case of ports, the companies that will be responsible for carrying out
the works for the Port of Praia project were selected on the basis of inter-
national bidding and some of the respective contracts, amounting to $14 million,
have been awarded. The works are scheduled to begin in the second quarter of
1984.

Construction work on the Port of Palmeira has already begun.

With regard to port management, completion of the ENAPOR [expansion unknown]
program should be noted, whose purpose was to establish on all islands a presence
capable of providing organized loading and unloading services in all of the
country's ports.

The project for improving and modernizing the lighthouse system is also under-
way.

In the area of training, the installations of the Nautical Training Center have
been completely remodeled and are well-equipped with technical and human
resources for providing intermediate- and upper-level courses in officer training,
piloting and machinery, as well as other professional courses.

In the area of air transportation, growth of 80 percent over last year was
recorded for the operations of TACV [Cape Verde Airlines], although there is
still an airline operating deficit that is covered by the “handling” earnings
of Sal, a related operation.

With regard to airports, conversion of the Amilcar Cabral International Airport
Autonomous Service into a public corporation,ASA, to manage national airports,
should be noted. As for remodeling of the Amilcar Cabral International Airport
itself, involving an investment of $12 million, negotiation of its financing is
already underway, with preparations being made for opening the respective inter-
national bidding. Modernization of its electric power plant, however, was self-
financed. With regard to the Praia runway, the projects for lighted marking

and fencing of its boundaries have been completed. A contract for construction
of the Maio and Boa Vista runways has already been awarded. As for the S. Filipe
runway, to be given a new configuration in order to meet all safety standards,
the project is underway.

In the area of postal and telecommunications services, a significant effort is
being made to modernize equipment, installations and services in order to better
satisfy national development requirements.

In the area of telecommunications, inauguration of the Varzea ground station was
noted and its operation is proceeding normally. This station, besides offering
new communication alternatives, has considerably increased the capacity for input
and output of foreign traffic. The 100-percent expansion of the Telex Exchange
and the efficiency of this service in international communications should also



A brief. analysis of investments also makes it possible to conclude that, for
various reasons specifically related to the sector's implementation capacity,
the average investment implementation rate for 1983 was about 27 percent, with
48 percent for small-scale fishing and 13 percent for industrial fishing. This
low implementation rate of planned investments will hamper the progress of
projects underway and achievement of the production increase planned for the
First National Development Plan. However, a number of facilities have already
been installed or are being installed on different islands, including cold-
storage chambers, ice-making machines, isothermal containers and vehicles for
distribution.

An ice-making plant has been completed in S. Vicente with a capacity of 15 tons/
day and was put into full operation during the 1983 season. The Sal Island
installations, with cold-storage capacity of 800 tons and an ice and refrigeration
plant, are also scheduled to be put into operation.

However, the fishing fleet development project, under which new tuna fishing boats
will be acquired, is proceeding with some delay.

Cape Verdian fishing vessels, using entirely national crews, operated for the
first time in waters under the jurisdiction of Portugal, Mozambique and Sao
Tome and Principe in an experiment which can be termed satisfactory. Spanish
fishing boats were in turn authorized to fish in waters under the jurisdiction
of Cape Verde.

The priority given to the fishing sector in the government structure, with the
creation of a State Secretariat for Fishing, should also be noted. It is hoped
that this change will result in particular in eliminating the inefficiency that
has characterized the sector's operations.

Transportation

The national fleet was expanded by four more ships, with two for the private
sector. and two for the Arca Verde Shipping Company. Of these vessels, a 400-
ston ship will be assigned to long voyages and another, with similar features,
will be used as a ferryboat for the Fogo-Brava-Praia route. The project for
building a ferryboat for combined inter-island Passenger and freight transport
has also been completed.

The maritime shipping sector, however, has been characterized by the deficit
operation of government companies, in the case of both coastal shipping and
long cruises, which were experiencing difficult times.

In the case of coastal shipping, expenses are heavy due to scattered destinations,
the tariff policy in effect and the small quantities shipped.

In the case of long voyages, besides the fact that national ships transport only
a small percentage of imported goods~-a situation that has worsened due to being
reduced to the movement of so-called valuable cargo--the Portugal line, the
principal source of our traffic, was abandoned in favor of international
"tramping"--an experiment that did not produce the expected results--and mistakes
at the management level, which aggravated the situation, were also discovered.
Various measures to improve the sector have already been taken.


of farmers, hundreds of agronomic engineers and farmextension

‘ agents, a hundred or so office workers, drivers, mechanics,
laborers, etc... Along with these.farms, the cooperatives will
make it possible to build schools, infirmaries, social and cul-
tural centers, day-care centers, centers for the handicaped, etc.
The staffs (cadres and others) of the various farm/food industries
that will spring up from the new structures will add to this vast
movement to make the collectivised agricultural sector a mighty
mover of manpower, whose numbers will increase to help develop
the nation's secondary and tertiary sectors.

As it faces the grave problem of mass unemployment right now, the
August Revolution can no longer go on harking to the same old ar-
gument that, in matters of development, everything is important.
That is true, of course, but the Revolution, if it is to salvage
the essential, has got to begin somewhere. That starting-place
if the radical restructuring of Volta's agriculture, even though
the selfish views of our petty bourgeoisie urge us to perceive
priorities everywhere: priorities for the petty-bourgeoisie in
the government offices and not for the hard-working masses.
Circumstances as they are keep the power of the Revolution bottled
up» The jobless are waiting!

6182
CSO: 3419/803

57



MOZAMBIQUE

INAUGURAL FLIGHT OF LAM'S NEW PLANE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Jun 84’p 1

[Text]. The inaugural flight of LAM's (Mozambique Airlines) new jet plane took
place yesterday on the Maputo-Beira-Maputo route. President Samora Michel,
accompanied by Mariano Matsinhe, member of the Politburo of: the FRELIMO Party,
and other party. and state leaders, took part in the ceremony. The new plane,
an IL-62M of Soviet make, was christened "Mocambique." Before taking his
seat on board, the head of state proceeded to make the symbolic cutting of
the ribbon at the main door of the aircraft, a modern, long-range four-engine
jet. At the airport for the takeoff was Lt Gen Armando Guebuza, member of
the FRELIMO Party Politburo, and other leaders.

Traveling aboard the plane were nearly 100 guests, including officials and
workers from the State Civil Aeronautics Secretariat, LAM/and TTA. Also
observed were several high-ranking officials from the Embassy of the Soviet
Union in Maputo, including the respective charge d'affaires.

The inaugural flight took place between the country's two leading cities for
the simple reason that they are the only ones which have aviational infra-
structures that can accommodate a large-sized airplane such as the IL-62M.

The traveling time between Maputo and Beira on this jet plane is approximate-
ly 50 minutes. Yesterday, at the opening ceremony, the flight took place at
an altitude of 10,000 meters.

After the takeoff from Maputo International Airport, the Soviet crew on the
plane made several demonstrations at low altitude, flying over the capital
several times, before gaining altitude in the direction of Beira. This proce-
dure (low altitude flying) was carried out before the landing at the Beira
International Airport.

In the provincial cpaital of Sofala, thousands of people awaited the arrival
of the plane and, quite naturally, went there to greet the head of state.
Dances and singing were presented by the residents of Beira in the airport's
parking area, hailing the struggle to liquidate the armed banditry.

40


On the other hand, as the same source disclosed, it is also a goal of this
course to raise the level of political training among the Armed Forces, which
will make it possible to attach value to the patriotic work and to convey this
feeling to the population as a whole, so that it may engage with greater
determination in eliminating the bandits.

During the study, the students had theoretical courses dealing with subjects
such as the economic geography of Mozambique, some lectures on the history
of the popular uprisings against the foreign occupation of our country and
practical apprenticeship in certain districts of Maputo Province.

According to our informant, the lessons on the country's economic geography are
aimed at increasing the soldier's knowledge of the local reality, which neces-
sarily involves an understanding of what is produced in a particular area,

its importance to the country's economic development and the reasons for which
the soldier must defend every section of our country.

As for the practical aspect, as we were informed, during the stays in Magude
and Moamba it was possible to test the degree of assimilation of the subject
matter offered by engaging in concrete action associated with the mobilization
of the populace for armed combat.

Moreover, our source observed that some students took part in the destruction
of certain camps of the armed bandits in the district of Magude.

In Moamba, the course members proved what they had learned during the theore-
tical portion with regard to the link between the FPLM and the people; which
will enable the defense entities of the party's Central Committee to assign
the right man to the right place.

Course: Reflection of Our Transformations

In his brief informal remarks, the chief of the Central Committee's Department
for Party Organization, Eduardo Arao, told the participants that the holding
of this course was a reflection of the deepseated transformations that have
taken place in our society, requiring the training of cadres with a high degree
of knowledge not only from a scientific standpoint, but also concerning the
real situation.

He also noted that the party's Central School-must aim more for the training of
cadres with a rather high degree of knowledge; likewise stressing that this
course has closed at a time when we have just celebrated the 22d anniversary
of the creation of FRELIMO, and the ninth anniversary of national independence.

That official paid particular heed to the fact that now all our people are
involved in preparing for the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the begin-
ning of the armed struggle for national liberation.

In addition, Eduardo Arao observed that the people's unity, a result of the
mobilization carried out right after the creation of FRELIMO, constituted the
essential basis for the destruction of colonialism in the country, the defeat
of Ian Smith, the entrenchment of the people's power on all levels, the conso-
lidation of our conquests and, more recently, the signing of the Nkomati Accord.

2909
CSO: 3442/422 28


SOUTH AFRICA

JAPIE BASSON DISCUSSES PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL
Johannesburg RAPPORT in Afrikaans 24 Jun 84 p 14

[Commentary by Japie Basson, member of the President's Council and member of
parliament: "About the Forerunner on the Road to Consensus"; passages en-
closed in slantlines, printed in italics]

[Text] The President's Council [PR], which met for the first time 3} years
ago to advise the government on a new constitution, was not composed of a
group of docile people. Among the 61 original members there were scholars
and businessmen who were not politicians. But the remainder were mostly
fighters who had been brought up in political conflict as it were and who came
from every militant political party in existence among the whites, coloreds
and Indians.

Would such deliberations be able to produce any kind of consensus? That was
the question. .

In a couple months South Africa's "Second Republic" (my personal view of the
matter) will get under way and not only will a new constitution take effect,
but a whole new political distribution as well. New is almost not the word.
The changes are much more far-reaching than the proverbial man on the street
and even certain political parties realize.

Would the government have been able to pursue all of this, and have obtained
the. cooperation of the most important colored and Indian parties, and have
overwhelmingly united the white voters behind it through the referendum, if
the President's Council -- which became simultaneously a negotiation body and
a testing laboratory -- had not shown that whites, coloreds and Indians could
work together in the general interest; that to sit together, to think to-
gether and to make decisions together can lead to a consensus; and that a
/co-operative democracy/ (the prime minister's perfect label for South
Africa's new distribution) is possible in practice? I doubt it.

The fact that the President's Council succeeded and became the forerunner in
the area of consensus politics can be attributed to many factors. There is
only room to mention the most important ones here.

One: firm leadership, of course. That of the state vice president, Mr Alwyn
Schlebusch, and his team of committee chairmen.

45



MOZAMBIQUE

FIRST MOBILIZATION COURSE FOR FPLM POLITICAL COMMISSARS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 30 Jun 84 p 5

[Text] Last Thursday, 39 individuals, including political commissars from the
FPLM and some heads of the FRELIMO Party Provincial Committees assigned to the
Defense Departments finished a mobilization course at the party's Central :
School in Maputo, with a ceremony directed by Eduardo Arao, in his ‘capacity
as chief of the Central Committee's Department for Party Organization. The
course, the first of its kind held on the party level, is'a result of the
implementation of decisions from the FRELIMO Party's Fourth Congress, giving ©
priority to the Defense Department, insofar as the battle against the armed ~
bandits is concerned.

The course, which lasted nearly 3 months, started last April, and in it the
students were instructed about intensifying their practical and theoretical
knowledge, so as to enable them to correctly identify the enemy and, as a
result, to wage an unrelenting battle against the armed bandits.

Another purpose of this course was to improve the degree of relations between
the FPLM and the people, as well as with the other entities, both on the party
level and that of the state apparatus, in the great task of physically eliminat-
ing the armed bandits who are operating in various sections of our country.

Throughout the course, the students studied some aspects relating to the degree
of the population's involvment in the struggle against the armed bandits, as well
as the way in which the mobilizers must engage in their activity, so that, °
within a brief period of time, they may feel the population's support for the
process.

Course Preceded by Survey

According to sources associated with the Defense Department of the FRELIMO
Party's Central Committee, the holding of this course was preceded by an exhau-
tive survey of certain parts of Inhambane Province, as a’means of gaging ‘the ©:
degree of knowledge of the local situation among the political commissars, -and
hence preparing subject matter that comprised fundamental materials for the
course. .



CAPE VERDE

BALANCE SHEET OF MAIN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES, 1983
Praia VOZ DE POVO in Portuguese 9 Jun 84 p 7

[Text] In the course of the Seventh Legislative Session of the
Second Legislature, held from 21 to 25 May at Domingos Ramos
High School, Prime Minister Brigade Commander Pedro Pires
presented to the full assembly a report on the government's
activities during 1983 for analysis and consideration of the
current national situation.

In the report, the head of the administration informed the
National Assembly of the states of various sectors of national
life, including in particular rural development, fishing, «
industry, education, the economy, health care,. transportation
and communications, trade, etc. We list below excerpts of the
report on the activities of some of the aforementioned sectors:

Rural Development

According to the report, the government "continues to attribute great importance"
to rural development, with substantial resources having been allocated to
maintain a rate of development that will assure achievement of the recommended
goals.

In fact about 20 percent of the First National Development Plan's total invest-
ments are earmarked for this sector, of which about 15 percent, or 801.7 million
Cape Verdian escudos (ECV), was invested in 1983, thus guaranteeing permanent
employment at a national monthly average of 15,662 jobs, i.e., nearly 17 per-
cent of the working population. The implementation rate of the total planned
investments was about 67 percent and actual jobs produced represent 96.8 per-
cent of what was planned.

With regard to the conservation and exploitation of natural resources, i.e.,
soil and water conservation (their exploitation and management), "449.3 contos,
were invested in 1983, apart from investments made under integrated projects
in reforestation, production and livestock breeding."



MOZAMBIQUE

LAM SIGNS CONTRACT WITH SAA, FUTURE NEGOTIATIONS PLANNED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 21 Jun 84 p 9

[Text] Maputo--On Monday, a contract valued at a million rands (nearly 20
million kwanzas) was signed in the capital of Mozambique between Mozambique
Airlines (LAM) and the South African Airways company (SAA).

The document was signed by the director of LAM, Comdr Jose Barcelar, and SAA's
chief executive, Gert Van Der Veer. Talks on the subject of aviation were
held after the signing of the contract.

According to a source associated with the Mozambique airline company, the
present contract involves the renewal of contractual links dating back more
than 10 years betweeh the two companies. The same source told AIM [Mozambique
Information Agency] that, "The present contract, like the previous ones, has
as an area of activity the maintenance of aircraft turbines." Jose Barcelar
and Van Der Veer also held talks on other areas of aviation relating to mutual
concerns. It was agreed between both sides that the current schedule for the
air connections between Maputo and Johannesburg would be revised in accordance
with the needs.

Future negotiations between the two companies will be held, and Comdr Jose Bar-
celar has been invited by his counterpart to visit South Africa, for the
purpose of obtaining first-hand information regarding certain aspects of

SAA's operation.

2909
CSO: 3442/430

17



UPPER VOLTA

RADICAL RESTRUCTURING, DEVELOPMENT URGED
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French No 836, 22 Jun 84 p 7

[Editorial by Babou Paulin Bamouni: "Unemployment, Revolution,
and Solutions" ]

[Text] No matter what economic difficulties a revolutionary re-
gime finds itself faced with, it must first of all find ways to
get the jobless back to work. Unemployment is a social tragedy
that no government with the slightest claim to being democratic,
let alone revolutionary, dare long ignore without undermining its
own political and ideological foundation.

It is no secret: everybody knows that Upper Volta today has a
very grave unemployment problem. Close to half the young people
of working age are now jobless. Many are still going abroad to
find work, even though the August 1983 Revolution has motivated
many of them to stay at home to defend the ideals of the Revolu-
tion.

Under the influence of the imperialist powers that designed and
built some of the extrovert African economies, many African lea-
ders still believe that the answer to unemployment in Africa lies
in aquiring more and more ready-made industrial plants -- in
other words, in expanding and developing industry. For a conti-
nent that is 95 percent agricultural, this is a mistake, because
industrializing Africa as a solution to unemployment while ne-
glecting agricultural development is and always will be chasing
a will-o'-the-wisp. Expanding agriculture, which will pull all
the rest of the sectors behind it is the right and proper way to
solve the unemployment problem in Africa in general and in Upper
Volta in particular once and for all.

History is immutable, and facts do not lie. The industrial and
nuclear might of the United States of America became possible :
only with the expansion of its agriculture. Agriculture was the
"shock-treatment" for unemployment. Colonialist and neocoloni-
alist France and Britain started from the same place to make
themselves into powers made manifest in the conquest of colonial
empires. In our time, some African countries like Tanzania and
Ethiopia have a thorough grasp on that truth. Both of them are

55



MOZAMBIQUE

MORE DETAILS OF GUERRILLA OPERATIONS GIVEN
Lisbon EXPRESSO in Portuguese 23 Jun 84 p 3

[Article by Augusto de Carvalho: “Foreigners in Mozambique Will Be Military
Targets"/

[Text/ "We want to sound a clear warning to all foreign citizens: They must not
move about on the roads of Mozambique. RENAMO /Mozambican National Resistance/
will consider them to be military targets and they will be treated as such. It
will not be responsible for their lives."

This warning was issued by Jorge Correia, the delegate of the Mozambican
National Resistance on Tuesday in Lisbon during a press conference given in
the Diplomatico Hotel before_domestic and foreign journalists; that conference
was interrupted by the PSP /Public Security Police/, causing a kind of con-
frontation between Jorge Correia and the police officers who apparently were
fiot sufficiently well identified to get the journalists to carry out an order
given by them.

Jorge Correia was quite peremptory: "We will blame the foreign countries and
the respective embassies for what may possibly happen there to their citizens.
This is a domestic matter which must be resolved by the Mozambicans without
foreign interference."

The RENAMO or RNM looks upon foreigners as if they were military personnel
because, in its opinion, they cooperate actively in the construction of
Mozambique, directed by the government of FRELIMO. Outside the room, where
the press conference continued, the EXPRESSO representative asked: "How come
Jorge Correia says that Mozambican problems must be solved only by the
Mozambicans when you are a Portuguese citizen?"

"I do in fact have Portuguese papers and I am a Portuguese citizen because
the Mozambican government denies me citizenship there. I want to be a
Mozambican and I want to have that right. I lived there for more than 20
years, I have as much right as, for example, Minister Jacinto Veloso."

“Cacimbo Ardente"

During the press conference as such, Jorge Correia also reported that "South
African businessmen will be going to Maputo during the next few days but they
should not be foolish enough to ride around in cars, We will not let them
pass, They will have to use the airport so long as it is open." In the
opinion of the RNM delegate, this will not be true for much longer.

35



As he said, the airport will be one of the next targets in the operation to be
launched under the name of "Burning Bush." The idea is to close the ring
around the capitals of the ten provinces, to step up urban guerrilla warfare,
to infiltrate the FRELIMO, to take its barracks, and to continue to sabotage
the railroads.

According to Jorge Correia, this operation is preparatory to the final assault
on Maputo. According to his calculations, the FRELIMO regime will be completely
smashed within 6 months. On the other hand he said that the RNM believes that
it is good that Kahora Bassa will not function without its support, no matter
how many meetings may be held between Mozambicans, represented by FRELIMO,

South Africa, and Portugal.

After declaring that secret negotiations were conducted last week between the
RNM and senior officers of the armed forces of Mozambique, he refused to give
any further details "so that these members of the FRELIMO will not be detected.”
He said that they are also holding two Soviet prisoners, one person from Sri
Lanka, and “more than three persons whose nationality I prefer not to mention;
that happened last week, when we got two in the southern zone and one in the
northern zone."

These two Soviets, Jorge Correia emphasized, “are still prisoners because the
USSR did not completely carry out the agreement it entered into with us." He
also said that, out of the 14 Soviets captured by RENAMO, eight died while in
the hands of the organization. The agreement, he said, called for the con-
centration of all Soviet cooperant personnel in Maputo, "which actually did
happen. We did not release those two since the Soviets did not carry out the
agreement completely."

Interruption

A hotel official in the meantime summoned Jorge Correia outside and he was
immediately followed by the newsmen. PSP officers were waiting for him:
"We have orders to make sure that you will not continue to talk."

Jorge Correia protested: He noted that they could not prevent him from
speaking, that he was a Portuguese citizen, that this was unconstitutional,
and that the president of the republic just recently affirmed during an
interview given to the magazine AFRIQUE-ASIE, that the Portuguese state cannot
prevent the nation's citizens from speaking out against foreign regimes with
which they do not agree.

"We do not argue with that; we were only carrying out our orders."
Jorge Correia then asked that they show him the order authorizing them to pro-
ceed in this fashion.

But the officers did not have such papers; they added that the papers were
coming.

“Well, so long as the papers have not arrived, we are going to continue to
talk."

"You must not. Do not complicate the situation," the officers asked. The
journalists continued to talk to Jorge Correia and some of them told the

36


Hence there can be no doubt as to what SWAPO's ultimate intentions are. The
closer at hand peace seems to be, the more SWAPO will rely on terrorism espe—
cially during that time. This is borne out by numerous incidents in South West
Africa (Namibia). And as long as Nujoma and his cohorts —~ whether inside or
outside of South West Africa (Namibia) -- believe, or are allowed to believe,
that they can succeed on this road, they will not be forced to the negotiation
table. .

8463
CSO: 3401/87

51



MOZAMBIQUE

MNR MAY NEGOTIATE WITH GOVERNMENT IF TERMS ARE RIGHT
Lisbon 0 DIABO in Portuguese 26 Jun 84 pp 22-23

{Text/ The disclosure that there have already been talks
between Mozambican rebel leaders and high-ranking officers
of the armed forces of the Marxist regime of the FRELIMO
was obviously the keynote of the press conference given last
weekend in Lisbon by Jorge Correia, RENAMO (Mozambican
National Resistance) delegate for Europe. Journalists were
able to detect a little bit of the complicated phase in the
currently developing situation of Samora Machel as he
struggles with adversity coming from all sides.

After the press conference had been interrupted by police action which we will
cover later, we found it impossible to obtain any further clarification. Sub-
sequent contact with RENAMO however enabled us to clear up the question: A
segment of the government's armed forces is ready to negotiate peace with the
rebels on the basis of certain conditions and it is inclined to do so for three
types of reasons: Because of the failure of 7 years of military operations
against the rebels, because of the conviction that the policy of FRELIMO only
followed ideological interests alien to the Mozambican people, and by virtue of
the fact that the government of Samora Machel systematically blamed the military
for the extremely serious crisis in which Mozambique finds itself.

Our source of course refused to identify the military leader or leaders who are
involved in this move of approach to the RENAMO but emphasized that this is not
the only attempt now under way in an effort to find a negotiated solution.
"Right now," he told us, “all parties interested in the future of Mozambique,
both in domestic and foreign terms, realize that this future now must reckon
with RENAMO and they are trying to establish contacts in one way or another,
directly or indirectly."

According to that same source, the RENAMO position continues to be this: It is
prepared to negotiate with any conversation partner in the certainty however
that, on its side "there will be no abdications as regards that which is con-
sidered essential, in other words, the democratization of Mozambique, which
implies the end of the single-party regime and its repressive system that
attacks human rights."

The conditions established by the military leaders involved, with a view to

possible peace talks, it seems were confined to the guarantee that the RENAMO
would not exercise any repression against its current adversaries.

24


South Africa's spent elements will probably be processed in France and be—
cause of the lengthy initial periods South Africa will not have to accept any
high level waste before early next century.

Mr Toens noted that criticism of nuclear power is not in the interest of
humanity.

When the energy shortage becomes a reality, the poor people of the world will

suffer the most, and those people who have slowed down the development of ad-
ditional energy sources will have a great deal to be accountable for.

8463
CSO: 3401/87

54


Brigade Chiefs Hold Round-Table on Maputo City Organization
(NOTICIAS, 22, 23 Jun BA) eeeceecencccsesccesesseescesses

MNR May Negotiate With Government if Terms are Right
(0 DIABO, 26 Jun BA) eaeeececesesccesescscessescesessecenee

First Mobilization Course for FPLM Political Commissars
(NOTICIAS, 30 Jun 84) caceccescceccccscescceccvscenseesees

OTM, Portugal's CGTP To Sign Cooperation Agreement
(DIARIO DE LISBOA, 20 Jun Bb) eeccccereccccccccecccccceces

Maputo Cooperative Union Introduces New Planning System
(NOTICIAS, 15 Jun 84)......

Poet eee recerevencenenes

District Administrators Receive Training in Agriculture
(NOTICIAS, 15 Jun 84) ee seececcceecsccvceeees Sec ceeeeees

New Recruits for People's Militias in Beira
(NOTICIAS, 13 Jun Bb) eee ececceceececseccsceesescssseeeens

More Details of Guerrilla Operations Given
(Augusto de Carvalho; EXPRESSO, 23 Jun BA) ce ceccccccvscvcs

Maputo Nursery Project To Make Cooperative Work More Profitable
(NOTICIAS, 13 Jun 84). cesecevececsscccceeeeee

Inaugural Flight of LAM's New Plane
(NOTICIAS, 28 Jun BA) eeececceceececseccscescesescessesens

NAMIBIA

Extent of South African Government Economic Support
(Deon Basson; SAKE-RAPPORT, 24 Jun 84) cececcccccvccescces

SOUTH AFRICA

Japie Basson Discusses President's Council
(Japie Basson; RAPPORT, 24 Jun 84) ceccccccccccccvccessces

Views on Role of President's Council
(DIE TRANSVALER, 20 Jun 84; BEELD, 19 Jun 84)...

DIE TRANSVALER Comment
BEELD Editorial

Attitude of SWAPO Seen as Roadblock to Negotiations
(Editorial; BEELD, 14 Jun B4) es eceecccececsccccceseecccs

Views of Mineworkers Union Discussed
(DIE AFRIKANER, 6 Jun >

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19

24

27

29

31

33

34

35

38

40

43

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52


NAMIBIA

EXTENT OF SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT ECONOMIC SUPPORT
Johannesburg SAKE-RAPPORT in Afrikaans 24 Jun 84 p 5

[Article by Deon Basson: "Government Spends 70 Percent of SWA's Gross Domestic
Product"]

[Text] The government of South West Africa (Namibia) spends as much as
70 percent of that region's gross domestic product.

This fact becomes clear when the budget for the financial year 1984/85 is
analyzed. The budgeted expenditures amount to 1.177 billion rands, whereas
the gross domestic product for the calendar year 1983 was 1.6789 billion rands.

For the sake of fairness it should be added that the comparison does not run
over the same periods of time, But if one keeps in mind that South West
Africa (Namibia) experienced a negative real growth rate of 7 percent for the
calendar year 1983, then a figure of roughly 70 percent is not far from the
mark,

Part of the expenditures incurred by the second level ethnic authorities are
not shown as expenditures on the central government's budget either. The
reason for that is that the central government does not collect personal
taxes.

Taxes are collected directly by the ethnic authorities to partly finance ex-
penditures incurred by them. In addition to this source of income, the ethnic
authorities also receive an allowance of 305.8 million rands for the financial
year 1984/85.

Limited

Hence taxation from its own sources is limited for the central government.
An amount of 30 million rands is budgeted for income from social taxation.
Diamond mine taxes should provide 42.8 million rands, whereas other mine

taxes could amount to 38 million rands.

A further 24 million rands can be earned through the paying of import duties
by mining companies.

Following its increase to 9 percent, the general sales tax should provide an
income of roughly 105 million rands.

43



Reinforcement of Our Fleet

The IL-~62M is a long-range airplane purchased last year by our country from
the Soviet Union to reinforce the civil fleet of Mozambique's air transporta-
tion.

It is a modern four-engine jet, the manufacutre of which was also completed
last year. The plane arrived in Maputo last April, already painted in the
colors of our leading air carrier, with the national emblem on the tail.

According to information obtained from the USSR's commercial representative in
Maputo, this aircraft is equipped. with a modern crew and navigation system,
and has a flight endurance for covering distances of up to 10,000 kilometers
without stops. Its normal capacity is 162 passengers, with cargo.

Airplanes of this type have landed regularly at the Maputo International Air-
port since the proclamation of our country's independence. Devised to make
intercontinental flights, the IL-62M is part of the fleets of many airline
companies, especially those of the socialist countries.

The USSR's commercial representative in Maputo told us that, under the sales
contract for the aircraft, it is stipulated that a Soviet crew will be in
Mozambique for about 2 years. Moreover, the maintenance and technical assis-
tance for the aircraft are guaranteed.

During yesterday's inaugural flight a cockpit crew from LAM operated this type
of plane for :the first time, and its work was considered satisfactory. For the
cockpit crew members there was ‘no preliminary training with the systems on
board.

A source from the LAM management told us that the use of theplane on regular
runs of our air.carrier is not yet scheduled. The rest of the equipment for
the commercial version of the aircraft will not arrive in our country until
September. It consists essentially of seats for passengers.

Until then, it is intended to use the plane for making charter flights, not only
in southern Africa, but also in connections with other continents, until the
actual commercial exploitation of the plane is possible; something that will
occur after September of this year.

LAM is the first company in southern Africa to have an airplane of Soviet make
in its fleet. The national transportation fleet consists of a DC-10, which
guarantees the intercontinental flights, and three Boeing-737's.

The takeoff from Maputo. took place shortly after noon. After delivering a few
remarks to the workers in the aeronautical sector, gathered there to witness
the ceremony, President Samora Machel headed for the aircraft, making the
symbolic ribbon cutting before boarding.

41



Revenues were about 168,000 contos in 1982 and expenses were 130,000. This was
not the case in 1983. The two sides of the balance sheet were equal. The same
situation or a decline in revenues is expected in 1984.

Engineer Faria also mentioned that the company's debtors contribute to the
continuation of problems.

Now in existence for 5 years and with a staff of about 140 workers, INTERBASE

is headquartered in the city of Mindelo and is responsible for catching, freezing
and supplying fish to its foreign customers, such as France, Spain and Algeria.
Its mission is also to process and market fish and to provide such services to
domestic and foreign companies. The design and production of light fishing
infrastructures is also part of its program. In this area, it already has a
lobster breeding pond on Sal Island--SALMAR--which has unfortunately been
Operating at a loss due to competition from other countries exporting this
valuable crustacean. Infrastructures of the SALMAR type will be established on
other islands as soon as conditions permit.

Besides the permanent staff of 140 workers, there are 10 other men in the
company, but they are not permanent employees.

"Our fishermen produce, but not with machines." ‘This was how the manager of
INTERBASE described the company's fishermen. All fish exported are caught with
fishing lines.

The amount allocated for the establishment of INTERBASE was approximately
400,000 contos, 300,000 of which were provided by international aid and the
remainder by the Cape Verdian Government. This sum was obtained by utilizing
the meager equity and installations which, until 1974, belonged to the former
CONGEL [expansion unknown], a company whose goals were similar to those of
INTERBASE.

11915
CSO: 3442/406

10



SOUTH AFRICA

KOEBERG NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL DISCUSSED
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 13 Jun 84 p 16

{Article: "High Level Nuclear Waste Disposal Possible ~- France To Help in
the Beginning"]

[Text] Capetown -- Mr P.D. Toens, director of the geology department of the
Nuclear Development Corporation, has given an indication that not only Koeberg’s
low level radioactive nuclear waste but also its high level waste will be
stored in Namakwaland.

Speaking to the winter school at the University of Stellenbosch, Mr Toens said
that it is hoped that it will be possible to store both kinds of waste at the
same site. This possibility is being studied.

It had been announced earlier that the Koeberg nuclear power station's radio-
active waste would be storedin an area near Gamoep in Namakwaland, about 72 ki-
lometers from Kamieskroon. Roughly 10,000 hectares have been purchased for
this purpose.

Mr. Toens said that an installation like Koeberg would yearly produce about
2,000 drums of low level waste which could be handled safely by hand and stored
above ground.

The high level waste which will ultimately be produced and which requires care-
ful handling, is expected to amount to 2 to 3 square meters per year per
1,000 megawatts,

Mr. Toens said that one-third or less of the fuel elements in a nuclear power
installation are replaced every year.

The spent elements are highly radioactive and are stored for a number of years
in water-filled pools at the installation so that the radioactivity can be
substantially lessened.

High level waste must be kept out of the biosphere for centuries. The safest

way to dispose of that waste is by storing it deep underground in permanent
formations.

53



committed militant wanting to learn more, brought all inter-CDR
activists together on the grounds of the Oasis Hotel. While they
were there, Comrade Kader Cisse delivered his lecture, as promised,
on the People's Democratic Revolution (RDP). This was the stuff
the CDRs wanted to hear, and they literally drank in the words of
the speaker. who, with his familiar verve and informality, took the

- whole subject apart, giving his audience plenty of time to orient
itself, to judge for itself, or simply to raise the level of its
ideological and political training.

"Actually, the RDP," -said Comrade Cisse, was not invented by the
CNR or by our people. It was initially thought out and planned
by the theireticians of the world revolutionary movement."

We have emerged from the RNDP stage, but we still have to reach the
socialist stage. The tasks facing the RDP are economic, political,
military, and cultural. Under the guidance of a political autho-
rity which will have to work hard to make sure not to make erro-
neous decisions, the people, and particularly the CDRs, must raise
their level. of consciousness in the ideological and political areas
so as to provide informed support. Each individual must do his
part. In this way we can count for our development on our own
strength first of all. We must manage to bring about economic
transformations. Our country is essentially an agricultural one,
and we must first achieve agrarian reform and seek to master the
water-supply problem ourselves without going to beg for the means
to do so from the very imperialists we are fighting. Once we have
achieved mastery of all these factors, we can expand our crops --
millet, rice, corn, etc., and build the plants to process them.
None of these things can be done without peace and tranquility.

We must have a people's army to produce for us and defend us. In
this sense, every citizen is ready to defend our country and to
produce in time of peace. The defense of our nation is everybody's
business, not the business of any particular group. At the cul-
tural level, we must preserve our own identity and shun, insofar as
possible, the soft life that alienates us and destroys our persona-
lity.

A Smash Hit

After this highly successful meeting, at 2100 hours the inter-CDR
delegation presented, in the same place, a highly successful cul-
tural entertainment. One after another we watched the Dapoya dodogo
troupe on stage, and a karate team that astonished the entire au-
dience. When properly learned, this sport is an effective weapon
of struggle against any possible enemy, whether he comes from in-
side or from abroad. After a brief intermission the entertainment
scene shifted to the space in front of the High Commissariat build-
ing where the staff of our bureau, . headed by Comrade Mahamady
Kouanda, its'president, talked about the mission of the CDR. That
meeting, which lasted from midnight until 0300 hours, took place
entirely in the Moore dialect, with active participation by the

59



It was disclosed officially in the city of Praia that, at the end of 1983,
Cape Verde's industrial complex represented an investment totaling nearly
$60.3 million.

The same sources added that a total of 33 industrial units per se and nearly
86 other units considered to be semi-industrial make up the Cape Verdian
industrial complex.

Most of the units considered as industrial per se were created or remodeled
after independence; something which, although on the one hand reveals the
virtual lack of an industrial tradition in the country, on the other hand
indicates the effort that the Cape Verdian authorities have been expending
to build up a national industrial complex.

In 1983, the sum of 1.531 billion Cape Verdian escudos (ECV) was channeled to
industry, over 57 percent of. the investment made in 1983; and, at the same
time, 30 percent of the investment made by the state during the same period,

According to data obtained by ANOP, the employment generated by that invest-
ment was 603 jobs, in other words, 2.4 percent of all the employment generat=
ed during 1983.

Also according to that official data, it is estimated that Cape Verde's
national industrial production in 1983 will stand between 7 and 8 percent of
the GDP.

The employment created by that sector during the same period was 6.6 percent.

2909
CSO: 3442/430

12



JPRS-SSA- 84-084

1 August 1984

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

CONTENTS
ANGOLA

Briefs
Texaco Production Figures
FAPLA Combatants Join MPLA
Cacao Export Figures
Coffee Stored Since 1982
ODP's Take Oath
19th Brigade Combatants Praised

NNNERE

CAPE VERDE

Balance Sheet of Main Economic Development Activities, 1983
(VOZ DE POVO, 9 Jun 84)....

see e merece secece 3

Interbase To Augment Fleet for Deep-Sea Fishing
(Abilio Tolentino; VOZ DE POVO, 9 Jun 84)...csccreeseseees 9

Projects To Aid Fishing Industry on Sal Isiand
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 21 Jun 84)....cceceeecccecscceeunoeces ll

GUINEA-BISSAU

Agriculture, Infrastructure, Offshore Oil Developments
(FRANKFURTER ZEITUNG/BLICK DURCH DIE WIRTSCHAFT,

13 Jun 84). sccccscccccccccncvcctvcvcesevesvesseseebeccenes 13

MOZAMBIQUE

Mario Machungo Speaks to New Zambezia Government Members _
(NOTICIAS, 13 Jun 84). .cccecsccvecccccccvvcncvcvcceceteces 16

LAM Signs Contract With SAA, Future Negotiations Planned
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 21 Jun 84). ....s.008

wes eeeneescceees 17

-a- “fIII - NE & A - 120]



MOZAMBIQUE

NEW RECRUITS FOR PEOPLE'S MILITIAS IN BEIRA
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 13 Jun 84 p 1

[Text] Recently 10 brigades consisting of and headed by members of the party,
the defense and security forces and the democratic mass organizations, from
the city of Beira, took a survey in an equal number of residential districts
in the Manga area of citizens already trained in the self-defense courses, for
their subsequent integration into the various People's Militia Commands being
created in the capital of Sofala.

The results of this effort were submitted, also during the same week, to the
defense secretariat of the Beira City Committee which, with the Executive
Council, is coordinating all the activities associated with the creation of
Militia Commands in the residential areas.

Information provided to our newspaper by the defense secretary of the city of
Beira, Antonio Govanhica, indicates that the first survey included only the
Manga area and covered a total of 10 districts. In a second phase, the activity
will be extended to the other residential areas.

The operation of the future Militia Commands in residential areas will be coordi-
nated directly with the same entity's command in that provincial capital city.

The chairman of the Executive Council of the provincial capital of Sofala, Manuel
Cambezo, remarked at a planning meeting that the work must be finished quickly,
because it is a partial requirement for the establishment of party entities

in the Zonal Committees.

According to information obtained by our reporter from the Beira City Committee,
both the creation of the Militia Commands and the holding of conferences that
will culminate in the establishment of Zonal Committees are part of a series of
activities called for in the plan for the reorganization of the city of Beira.

Antonio Govanhica added that many situations will be resolved with the organi-
zation of the militias. He also noted that, at the present time, the militia
members are operating in a disorganized manner, without any work program.

2909, |
CSO: 3442/422

34


it is going to act, so as to accrue good results in its work; because it would
be a total mistake for a brigade to direct its work in Alto Mae and then go
and do exactly the same thing in Laulane, Albasini, Mahotas or Mafalaia.

[23 Jun 84 p 2]

[Text] Although the process is still halfway in its execution, the work that
was completed on the city block level warrants the assertion that, on the

rank and file level, there already exists a leadership for the society. This
claim, made during the course of the round-table discussion a few days ago,
held with the chiefs of the Party brigades operating in the capital's urban
districts, is based on the fact that previously, with the power centralized
only in the Mobilizing Group, the residents were encountering many difficulties
in channeling or solving their problems.

The vastness of the districts and the volume of work flowing from them caused
so much delay and dispersion that often the Mobilizing Group itself ended up
being "drowned" in the heap of issues to be resolved, both those brought up
by the population and those brought up on its own initiative. Hence, the city
block entity emerged to reduce that distance, and to decongest the GD, making
it possible, on the scale of a small group of residents, for each family to
have an organ capable of solving or serving as a faster spokesman for solving
its problems.

As a conclusion to this article, we are presenting today the second part of
excerpts from the round-table discussion held by the press a few days ago

‘with the chiefs of the party's city brigades and administrators from the Maputo
city districts, in connection with the organizational offensive that is under
way in the districts,

Backing the Most Dedicated

Press: Now that the first phase of this offensive is virtually completed, what
is the tone, the viewpoint of the significance of the work done in the city
blocks?

Alfredo Gamito, chief of the No 4 Brigade: "It is true that the city block
entities are still new, and are only now starting to perform their work. But
the interest and gratitude shown not only by the members elected for the city
block leadership but also by the residents themselves, through their enthusi-
astic participation in all the work included in this process, warrants the
conclusion that there now exists, on the rank and file level, a leadership
for the society.

"We have found there extremely dedicated individuals who, in our view, require
some constant backing and monitoring. And the receptiveness of the population
itself proves that it realizes the importance of this action, as something
that is intended precisely to create mechanisms for organizing its life, and
the life of the sociaty as a whole. That is why we say that this work has
already created new dynamics in the city's political work."

22



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last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
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Two: patriotism. South Africa's coloreds and Indians love their fatherland
just as deeply as the whites ~- indeed much more deeply than some kinds of
whites. What they have been fighting for so hard all this time was specifi-
cally for the opportunity, which was also their right, to become full citizens
and servants of their country. In the President's Council the road for them
began to open up. Here diversity was no longer a synonym for separation, and
the realization developed that it is necessary to search for a synthesis be-
tween group interest and general interest.

(I believe that South Africa —- and especially the Afrikaners -- will be fa~
vorably surprised by the results of broader national unity which will now be
brought about.)

Three: the method of work of the President's Council. Its built in committee
system.

In the five standing committees of the PR which worked continuously, but sepa-
rately, on various aspects of the new political distribution, every question
which came before them was intensively discussed. Experts were called in and
questioned. Affected interest groups were given an opportunity to explain
their side of the matter.

In this process all possibilities were pondered and weighed, and thorough con-
sideration was given to ideals and attainability. Simplistic "solutions" and
slogan politics usually could not survive the careful investigation. And be-
cause all of this occurred in private, the search for the limelight and for
party advantages was eliminated, The result was the achievement of a consen-
sus.

The question now is whether this positive approach and these results will be
able to find a response in the new distribution, especially at the parliamen-
tary level where the Westminster tradition, one of conflict and competition
among parties, was the order of the day.

For reasons of space this question cannot be fully settled here. But the
following favorable factors are important.

The necessary leadership and purposefulness will undoubtedly be there if the
expectation that the current prime minister will become the new executive state
president materializes. As soon as he is elected he will step above and
beyond the arena of parliamentary politics, which should make his task easier.

We will move from a single party administration to an administration with
shared responsibility. It is to be expected that the leaders of the majority
party in the House of Representatives and in the House of Delegates (and in
the House of Assembly, of course) will serve in the administration. Government
will then become /cooperative government/. And because all legislation must
originate from there, consensus will have to be found first of all there, at
the leadership level (where it has the best chance of succeeding), before it
will have to be found in parliament.

46


Correia Ganancio also mentioned the good solidarity relations existing between
his organization and labor union organizations “both in the East and in the
West" as well as in various African countries.

5058
CSO: 3442/419

30


Workers from the General Union of Cooperatives assigned to the nurseries
explained to our reporter that, in this way, the peasants are prevented from
wasting seed, because for the gardens that can be grown by means of seedbeds,
they will be provided with already germinated plants.

In this way, the peasants will also eliminate useless work with seed which
sometimes lacks sufficient germinating power, thereby preventing them from
having a certain amount of production which, owing either to the quality of
the seed or to the improper treatment given to it, is not the anticipated
yield.

The centralized nurseries also enable the management of the cooperatives to
undertake a better selection of the seed to be used each season and, because of
the special care that is possible only in centralized nurseries, to improve the
quality of the vegetables in the critical phase of their growth, namely, that
of germination.

From the operation of these nurseries, the cooperativists expect to gain the
necessary experience with which to progress with the construction of other
identical areas that will ensure a regular supply of plants, not only to the
nearly 160 cooperatives in existence, but also to other sectors, both family
and private.

The peasant leaders also harbor hopes of being able to convert these nurseries

into cooperative units to render services, with the specific function of produc-—
ing plants ready to be transplanted on the collective farms.

2909
CSO: 3442/422

39



The Position of the Bishops

One of the subjects taken up by Jorge Correia during the press conference was
the Pastoral Letter from the Mozambican bishops, dated 6 May of this year,
which appeals for a peaceful solution of national reconciliation. We had
access to the complete text of that document which feels that "this fratricidal
war is intolerable" and which is written in much harsher terms than one might
tell from this passages

“Once again we want to denounce as crimes, regardless of where they come from,
the assassinations, the summary executions, the physical liquidation of
prisoners or suspects, the reprisals against defenseless population groups or
persons, the brutal beatings, the mutilations, the armed attacks on innocent
persons, the cruel and degrading punitive measures, the destruction of property
that is indispensable to the life and subsistence of the people, the burning
and pillaging of the homes of defenseless individuals, the intimidation and
manipulation of the people by force of arms, the extortion of confessions or
denunciations, and the various humiliations and cruelties."

Although the bishops took care to note that violence and crimes are to be
found "on both sides," the content of the Pastoral Letter above all condemns
the behavior of FRELIMO not only as regards the violation of justice, "the
flagrant situations of violation of the fundamental rights of individuals and
the disdain for the liberty and dignity to which our people are entitled" and
the "inhuman and degrading measures" (an explicit reference to the law of the
whip) but also with relation to the mistakes made in the economic policy field.

The RENAMO reaction to this Pastoral Letter was now reaffirmed by Jorge Correia:
"Through our struggle we always said that we are ready for talks that would lead
to an end to the war and the creation of a government of laws on the basis of
respect for the citizen and his rights and for democracy and its mechanisms."

Machel Forced to Retreat

Before the bishops confirmed the violations and crimes committed by the regime
of the FRELIMO and repeatedly denounced by RENAMO in this Pastoral Letter,
these events had already been covered in a report published by Amnesty Inter-
national at the end of last summer and they were also disclosed by us at that
point in time. The Mozembican dictator until now remained immovable in this
field, without revoking any of the degrading measures imposed upon the popula-
tion and confining himself to promising clemency to the rebels who surrender.
It is still impossible for Samora Machel to yield to the general reaction in-
side and outside the country which is motivated by almost a decade of
persecutions, political murders, and all kinds of arbitrary action, as well as

corruption.

The tactic adopted months ago by Samora Machel in an effort to improve his
image at home and abroad consisted in blaming some of his ministers for viola-
tions of human rights and for the economic mess as well as corruption. However,
observers of the Mozambican situation commented that the entire repressive
machinery of the regime has been maintained by one of the most direct collab-
orators of Machel, that is, Minister Jacinto Veloso, whom the president
continues to reward with the utmost proof of his confidence, such as when he
put him in charge of negotiations with South Africa that led to the Incomati

Accord,
25



be noted. The project for expanding and modernizing the telecommunications net-
work is proceeding at an acceptable rate and the S. Vicente Switching Center is
expected to be completed soon.

With regard to mail services, the Vila da Ribeira Brava station has been opened
and construction of the Ribeira Grande station has begun, with the aim of im-
Proving postal services on the respective islands.

11915
CSO: 3442/406


The three chamber system will prevent the development of a conspiracy of
little people with destructive goals, and this will give every group the free-
dom to regulate its “own affairs" according to its own conviction.

Perhaps the most important factor of all: because of the new system of joint
parliamentary committees with proportional representation for each of the three
chambers, parliament will for the first time become more a place of work than

a place of talk.

Hence, if the parliamentary procedure rules are adjusted in such a way that
all legislation, at least all legislation that could be controversial, must go
directly from the administration to the relevant standing :committee before the
political parties need to publicly take compromising positions on them, and
the proposals are then subjected to the same thorough consideration which took
place in the committees of the President's Council, then there is every chance
that consensus politics will be able to establish itself as a tradition in our
new parliamentary framework.

8463
CSO: 3401/85

47



It is also recommended that a standing parliamentary committee should give
continuous attention to existing laws which are still considered discrimina—
tory by some groups.

How else could it be if we want to progress toward a country where people
stand together against foreign threats instead of standing against each
other?

As a matter of fact, the President's Council has written its own chapter in
the political and constitutional history of our country.

BEELD Editorial
Pretoria DIE BEELD in Afrikaans 19 Jun 84 p 14
(Editorial: "The Key"]

[Text] Within a period of a few years, the Constitutional Committee of the
President's Council [PR] has made a remarkable contribution to renewal in
South Africa: renewal of the political framework, of dispositions, of thoughts
about the whither and the what of the country. This alone justifies the crea-
tion of that body, and every new PR report undoubtedly reminds those sitting
on the side lines of their enormous boycott mistake at the time.

In the latest of its reports the Constitutional Committee aimed its search-
light at factors which could wreck the new distribution. The core of the

findings is that there should be "a positive climate of cooperation" for the
new distribution.

A great many things have already been written about dispositions toward and
knowledge of other groups and peoples, but it can never be overemphasized.
This is the key to coexistence in a situation of conflicting interests. Hence,
the report warns that laws alone will not ensure the success of the new dis-~
tribution.

However, there are legal situations which really do have to be examined, such
as for example those which deal with unfair discrimination. Therefore the idea
of a permanent committee of parliament continuously monitoring legislation

so that the element of discrimination can be eliminated seems like an inspira-
tion. It does not help for the noblest ideas about good will to be smashed
against the rock of unacceptable legislation.

Those who are beginning to think that everything is only nice words and games
-~ just look at how irresponsibly and maliciously some political parties act in
this country -—- must realize that they are playing with fire. Because the
Constitutional Committee rightly calls attention’ to the fact that the "success
of the adjustment process in the political area during the first years ‘may well
be decisive for the continued existence of a "civilized social order."

That is what it is all about, and therefore ‘the Constitutional Committee's
latest guidelines with regard to change in South Africa should be studied
with the greatest seriousness.

8463
CSO: 3401/85 49



CAPE VERDE

PROJECTS TO AID FISHING INDUSTRY ON SAL ISLAND
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 21 Jun 84 p 12

[Text] Official sources in the city of Praia remarked that aunit to support
the fishing sector on Sal Island (Cape Verde) is due to go into operation soony
That entity consists of an ice and freezing plant and a cold storage complex
with the capacity to store 800 tons of fish, they added. ’ a

According to the same sources, the construction of that unit to support fishing
on Sal Island is part of an overall plan contained in the’ first national
development plan.

In 1983, an ice factory with a capacity to make 15 tons per day to aid the
fishing on that island was opened in Sao Vicente.

Fishing is cited as one of the few sectors in which Cape ‘Verde "has exploit
able natural resources," yet which for structural reasons has so far contri- ~
buted but little to the country's development.

Fishing as a trade employs only 4.4 percent of the active population of a
territory consisting of 10 islands.

For the purpose of developiing the sector's activity, the Praia government
has scheduled for the near future the purchase of new tuna boats, since tuna
fishing has proven to be one of the most productive types.

In addition, initiatives will be encouraged to prompt the Cape Verdian fisher-
men to go to other areas. In 1983, for the first time, Cape Verdian boats
with completely native crews fished in territorial waters of Portugal, Sao
Tome and Principe.

Also for the first time, during that same year Spanish boats fished in Cape
Verdian waters.

The sector has been managed since the beginning of 1983 by a state secretariat,

the head of which is agronomical engineee Miguel Lima, former general director
of the Ministry of Rural Development (MDR).

11