JPRS-SSA-85~039
1l May 1985

REUNION

BRIEFS

UDF GAINS--Auguste Legros of the rightist RPR party was re-elected chairman
of the island's governing council on March 22. The vice-chairmanship went
to Jean-Paul Virapoulle, thanks to his UDF group's good performance in the
elections. The port of La Pointe des Galets, vital to the island and
paralysed since March 19 by a dockers' strike, was due to resume working
following the one-day general strike called for March 28 by the most power—
ful trade union, the CGTR. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in
English 30 Mar 85 p 8]

cso: 3400/30

54



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

CHINESE CONSTRUCTION EXPERTS ARRIVE--Lusaka--Thirty more Chinese construc-
tion experts have arrived in Lusaka from Peking to beef up the construction
team of the Party Headquarters complex. The team is the third group to
arrive in the country to construct the Party Headquarters. The first 15
experts arrived in the country in January this year and 35 arrived last
month. [Text] [Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 29 Mar 85 p 5]

ADB OIL SEED AID APPROVED--The African Development Bank (ADB) is to lend
Zambia about K96 million for oil seed production and agriculture rehabilita-
tion projects. On arrival at Lusaka International Airport, special assistant
to ADB president Mr Brison Hamaluba said the bank had approved the loan. It
was awaiting documentation from the Zambian Government. The bank last year
lent Zambia K62 million for the rehabilitation of the mining sector.-~Zana.
[Text] [Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 29 Mar 85 p 7]

FOOD PLAN UNVEILED--The Government has worked out a programme to increase
food production by giving farmers incentives for economic farming. Minister
of State for Agriculture and Water Development Mr Daniel Munkombwe told
Parliament yesterday that the incentives included high producer prices, good
marketing facilities and timely delivery of inputs as well as provision of
credit facilities. Contributing to the debate on estimates of expenditure
for his ministry, Mr Munkombwe said much attention would be given to small-
scale farmers. "With the assistance of the World Bank, my ministry has
drawn up a strategy and an investment programme aimed at improving agricul-
tural research and extension services." Mr Munkombwe told the House that an
improvement in the pricing policy was already underway to make small-scale
farmers more responsive. Mr Clemens Mwanza (Nsanzala) warned the Government
against putting the agricultural industry into the hands of foreigners.
[Excerpt] [Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 29 Mar 85 p 1)

cso: 3400/027 END

118



JPRS~SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

COMOROS

"MARXIST PLOT' HAS WIDER IMPLICATIONS
Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 30 Mar 85 pp 3, 4

[Text]

Following his return to the Comoros from Paris via Saudi Arabia on
March 19, president Ahmed ABDALLAH has deliberately dramatised the plot
by members of his personal guard against their mercenary commanders which
was foiled on March 8 while he was out of the country (see 1.0.N. N°174).
No longer trying to play down the affair, as he had done in Paris by
insisting that ‘the plotters were "junkies", he declared in a broadcast on
the state radio on March 21 that it was "a well-planned operation, whose
purpose was to transform the country totally by means of a revolution,
make religion disappear _and eliminate certain social classes".

The president stated that the hard core of the plotters, who had
persuaded members of the presidential guard to take up arms against the
regime, "comprises three quite distinct and well ordered movements"; he
named them as the clandestine and previously unknown Mouvement Communiste
Marxiste-Leniniste des Comores (MCMLC), the Front Démocratique (FD),
which is not officially authorised but is tolerated, and "a clandestine
group comprising our young cadres, whose task is to provide the MCMLC
with administrative documents, slow down the progress of our services,
persuade villages and districts to rebel, and spread false reports".

The president said that records of the MCMLC seized by the authorities
(essentially magnetic tapes and video recordings) showed the group
to consist of seven members, all leaders of the Front Démocratique. They
included in particular Moustoipha Said CHEIKH, the FD's first secretary,
Idriss MOHAMED and Abderemanne KOUDRA, alleged to be respectively the
MCMLC's secretary-general, organising secretary and financial secretary.

These "members of the MCLMC" were arrested between March 18 and 20 and
taken to the presidential guard camp at Kandani for interrogation by the
mercenaries, along with all the FD's leaders in the three islands and
numerous senior officials in the administration suspected of sympathising
with the plotters. All this last category, in fact, are sons of the local
bourgeoisie, whose parents are in many cases close to the regime. They
include high-ranking officials in the planning ministry, the head of the
justice minister's office and the president of the Moroni tribunal. On
the other hand, the announcement by Radio Comoros of the arrest of prince

20



NOTE

JPRS publications contain intormation primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

‘the contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
mouncements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical

0 rmation Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



SUBULWA PRESSES FOR INCREASES IN BARTER TRADE

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 5 Apr 85 p 2

[Text]

. Lusaka, Thursday.
BARTER trade amongst African
countries is. a must if the con-
tinent is to enhance its economic
development in the’ face of
foreign’ exchange scarcity, Zam-
bian Minister of Commerce and
Industry’ Leonard Subulwa_ has:
said. .
According ‘to the Zambia News
Agency (ZANA), Subulwa said
that Zambia believed in the barter
system of trade and that already
she was carrying out barter trade.
with. Romania and Bulgaria:

In an interview with ZANA,
the Minister said Zambia was
going out to effect this mode of
trade with other African coun-
tries, particularly in the exchange
of non-mineral raw materials.

In the case of Preferential
Trade Area (PTA) member states,

CSO: 3400/47

Subulwa said that under the PTA
unit of account system, member
States Were allowed to buy from
each other through exports of
equal amounts to each country
and are only required to pay in
foreign exchange when a 90 to
120. day period lapses.

.. According to a recent issue of
the Third World economic. and
Political - magazine Sough barter
or counter trade, in the past
viewed as. primitive in many
developing countries was now
gaining respectability particularly
among traders and bankers.

It is estimated that more, than
80 countries use barter trade
because of the current recession
and the Third World debt crisis.

114

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA



RECESSION HAS 'DEVASTATING' EFFECT ON BLACKS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 11

[Text]

PIETERMARIIZ-

BURG. — Economic re-+
cession had an “immedi-
ate and devastating” ef-
fect on Blacks, Mr Ron
Miller, Deputy Minister
of Home Affairs, said
yesterday in an address he
gave at Michaelhouse
School. .

It especially affected
unskilled workérs, who
comprised most of the
Black workforce — as
well as almost 90 percent
of the unemployed,
according to the text of
his’ speech released in
Cape Town.

Mr Miller, speaking on
the country’s economic,
future and its likely effect
on political development,
said there was a correla-
tion between the state of .
the economy and the po- .

tential for political activ-
ity in South Africa, with '
special reference to

Black-White relationships

and the prospects for the

advancement of Black

political aspirations.

At times when the
economy was booming
end the average White
worker found it easy to
obtain employment at a

cso: 3400/40

good rate of pay, he felt
secure in his attempts at
satisfying his material
needs, and became far
more tolerant of advance-
ment by others economi
cally, socially and politi-
cally

Black economic _ad-
vancement during times
of high economic growth,
on the other hand, tended
to focus Blacks’ attention,
especially those in skilled
occupations, on their
state of relative depriva-
tion when compared to
Whites.

This, he said, generally
resulted in increased agi-
tation for a better deal,
including political ad-
vancement.

Boom times were also
“high season” for Black
and White trade unions to
demand a greater share of

the spoils for their union

members.

He said more than R5-

billion was being spent on
education this year in

63

spite of the economic re-
cessidn.

Mr Miller, said South
Africa could hot afford to

cut inflation or State ex-~

penditure at the cost of
unemployment.

It was precisely at times
of potentially high unem-
ployment that the State
needed to come to the aid
of society to continue to
finance those functions
which would lead to a
higher standard of living
through a higher standard
of education for all popu-
lation groups.

‘The current average of
four years formal educa-
tion for Blacks and pro-
grammes to improve this
situation left the Govern-
ment no alternative but to
increase expenditure in
this field. he said.

Mr Miller said at pres-
ent about half a million
Blacks had lost their jobs
and more than 100 000
Whites, Coloureds, In-
dians and Blacks were
registered as unem-
ployed. -~ Sapa.

JPRS-SSA-~85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



VAN DER WALL ON IMPROVING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF BLACKS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Apr 85 p 17

{Article by Brian Stuart]

[Text]

“CAPE TOWN -— Im-
proving economic con-
ditions for Blacks must
be linked with the de-
velopment of struc-
tures that meet Black
political aspirations,
says Dr G van der
Wall, Director Gener-
al for Co-operation
and Development.

In his annual report to
the Minister of Co-opera-
tion and Development,
Dr Gerrit Viljoen, Dr
Van der Wall stressed
that peaceful co-existence
could only be established
with the creation of ad-
equate political structures
for Blacks.

“It is relatively easy to
establish and | maintain
good relationships at a
personal level, but ingen-
nity and diligence is re-
quired to achieve the
same between groups and
nations,” he said in the
report, tabled in Parlia-
ment.

“It is not sufficient only’
to look after the econom-'

cso: 3400/40

ic and physical needs of’
the people, but it is just as

important that the necess-_
ary structures should be
created through which the
Black peoples’ spiritual,
social and cultural aspira-
tions can flourish in a na-
tural manner.

“The concept of com-
munity development, in
the true sense of the
word, has therefore been
completely accepted and
the Department will en-
deavour to achieve the
greatest possible involve-
ment of communities in
all development projects.
It is the only way to last-
ing self-determination.

“Experience has taught
that good relationships
and peaceful co-existence
can only be established
when the complete needs
of man are given the
necessary attention.

“Although the econ-
omic, social, spiritual and
cultural needs of the
Black peoples will con-:
stantly be cared for, it is:
essential that precedence '

74

be given to’ the develop-
;ment of the necessary pol-
itical structures to meet*
the political needs and as-
pirations of the various
Black nations in South
Africa.”

Dr Van der Wall said
that in future, even more
than in the past, the De-
partment of Co-operation
and Development would
have to be seen as in-
creasing the standard of
living of Blacks in close
co-operation with the
people themselves.

He noted that agricul-
ture played a decisive role
in the economies of the
self-governing national
‘states. With an estimated
45 million people to be
fed by the end of the cen-
tury, it was vital to use
‘South Africa’s agricul-
tural potential to the full.’

For this reason the de-
velopment of agriculture
in the national states en-
joyed priority in the De-
partment’s economic
planning.

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

During the past year,

.R6,5 million had been

spent on ‘a special pro-
gramme to create a total
of 25676 new jobs to
combat unemployment in
the national states.

The six self-governing
states are .KwaNdebele,

GaZankulu, Lebowa,
KaNgwane, KwaZulu
and QwaQwa.



This compatriot also served as a carrier for the bandits, transporting goods
stolen from the defenseless people. He witnessed various attacks along the
road linking the province of Uige and the capital of the country. He also
said he had participated in ambushes of civilian vehicles along the tracks in
Nambuangongo and Ucua.

Paulo Ceteco emphasized that the health situation in the jungle is regret-
table. The infant mortality rate is very high and the so-called commanders do
nothing. "They have lost their capacity for judgment and leadership because
of the large number of soldiers killed or wounded in the clashes with the
FAPLA," he added.

Augusto Kulivela, 46, a native of Mussende in the province of Kwanza-Sul, was
the third man we interviewed. He too was a part of the so-called Battalion
517.

[Question] Do you have children?

[Answer] Yes, I have children and wives.

[Question] How and when did you join the UNITA?

[Answer] When the UNITA attacked Mussende, I and a friend of mine fled into
the jungle to escape the bandits. One day, while looking for food along the
Kwanza River, I was captured.

[Question] Who was your commander and what did you do?

[Answer] I carried munitions and goods that had been plundered, and I had two
commanders, Ngongo and Kapuna.

[Question] In how many operations did you participate?
[Answer] I participated in several.
[Question] Can you name some?

[Answer] Well, there were operations in Samba-Lucala, Maria Paulo, Maria
Manuel, Ucua and other areas of Nambuangongo, the names of which I forget.

[Question] Did you like the activities of the UNITA and the atrocities it
committed against the defenseless people?

[Answer] I did not. Moreover, my flight reflected my position concerning
them.

[Question] Have you been mistreated since you surrendered?
[Answer] No, I was well-received and I am getting adequate medical treatment.

[Question] Do you still believe in the puppets?

10



ALL POPULATION GROUPS TO GET COMMON ID

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 pp l, 2

[Text]

HOUSE OF AS-!

SEMBLY. — All popu-
lation groups will be is-
sued with a common
identity document,
probably from July t
1986, the Minister of
Home Affairs, Mr F W
de Klerk, said in the As-
sembly yesterday.

Replying to a ques-.

tion by Mr John Malco-
mess (PFP, Port Eliza-
beth Central), he said
there were no “impera-
tive provisisions” in
South African law
which required citizens
to carry identity docu-
ments with them.

However, both the
Population ‘Registration
Act and the Blacks
(abolition of passes and
co-ordination of docu-
ments) Act provided
that documents should
be produced to an auth-
orised officer on re-
quest.

Different groups did
not carry the same
document because
Blacks fell under a dif-
ferent Act to the other
groups. However, the

cso: 3400/40

issuing of a uniform
identity document to all
population groups
would probably com-

mence on July 1, 1986.

In reply to a supple-
mentary question by Mr
Horace van Rensburg
(PEP, Bryanston), Mr
De Klerk said all people
had to use identity
documents. White
people without them:

had not been able to’
vote in the referendum.

Asked if a further
supplementary question
by Mr Malcomess
whether he realised that
to compare the carrying
of identity documents
by Whites with those
carried by Blacks was a
“sinister and wrong pic-
ture,” Mr De Klerk re-
plied that Mr Malco-
mess was trying to dis-
credit the State Presi- |
dent, Mr P W Botha, ,

with regard to com-
ments made during the
American television se-
ties “Nightline”.

Mr Malcomess_ said
he had seen the inter-
view. “Do you not be-
lieve that to compare
the two, when hundreds
of thousands of Blacks
have been arrested, is
misleading in the ex-
treme?”

Mr De Klerk replied
that he disagreed and
that *Mr —Malcomess
could raise the matter
during the State Presi-
dent's Budget. —Sapa.

69

JPRS-SSA~-85~-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


II) Registration Statistics

a) Kiremt Science Teachers’ Programme
Student enrollment
Department Sex
M F Total

Biology 69g 6 97

Chemistry 67 3 70

Physics 37 2 39

Mathematics] 123 3 128

6
b) Science regular undergraduate c) Science Extension student
atudent enrollmant enrollment
Sex
Department i F Total
Freshman 1368 | 126] 1514 Sex t
Biology 262 28 220 Department :
Chemistry 236 16 252 Pp M F Totay
Geology 135 4 139 Biology 3F 28 62
Mathematics 291 12 303 Chemistry 68 23 g1
Physics 291 10 301 Mathematics 26 3 29
Statibécs 168 15 1863 Statistics 113 71 184
‘ 5

d) Graduate student enrollment and sponsoring institutes 1

Sponsoring Institutas

Department

Bio.}| chem.| Geol. |Math.

Phys.

Stat.

Tota

lAlemaya Agric. College (AAU)
Asmara University

Awassa Junior Agric. Col. (AAU)
Bahr Dar Jr. Co. (AAU)

College of Social Sci. (AAU)
Higher Education Commission
Fac. of Medicine (AAU)

Fac. of Science (AAU)

Gondar Health College (AAU)
Kotebe .1esekers Training Coll.
Ministry of Education

Ministry of Health
Pathobiology (AAU)

’

tNPet
rea nN

wo

erept

' 1
Prwran

1
Nera

1
1

PENT we

per pt

PRepeee

e
DL

N

Total

soaases rote) seemneczeones

cso: 3400/28

mn
"
a
ry

HOfeP re eernee

ue |,
te

Ww

N
x

we
wn

te le PNP ORPNH UD

ry
pen

re)


POWER CUTS RESULT IN TEA FACTORY LOSSES

Dar es Salaam SUNDAY NEWS in English 31 Mar 85 p 1

[Text]

KATUMBA  Tea~~ Factory “in
Rungwe District has incurred a
loss. of 20 million/- in foreign ex-
change because of power. cuts
which made the factory! fail to
process 1,875,720 kilogrammes
of tea last month.

The ‘loss was revealed in
Tukuyu, by the Tanzania Tea
Authority — (TTA} — Branch.
Manager in Rungwe District
Ndugu- Justin Masula;- when
briefing the Minister for -In-
dustries and Trade, Ndugu. Basil
Mramba, now - toring. Mbeya
Region, | Shihata reported:

He said in the. first six months
of 1984/85 fiscal-year, the factory
damped . 1,227,000 kilogrammes
worth —Smillion/- in local
currency: and [3million/- «in
foreign: currency, * .

Barlier’ during 1983/84 fiscal
year the: factory; according to

cso: 3400/42

Ndugu Masula, damped. 648,720
kilogrammes worth 2,659,000/-
in-local currency. and 7 million/~
in foreign currency, . ~

Apart from’ power -cuts, the.
manager said the factory was also:
facing shortage of coat whose:
prices is reported to be higher
than furnace: oil.

Minister Mramba also toured.
Musekela Tea Estate owned by.
the Tukuyu Tea Estate Ltd which
fetches the country. 76million/- in
foreign currency —_ annually
through sale of —1,9million
kilograms of processed tea.

Colin Scott, the Estate General.
Manager, told the Minister that
his estate had continuously been
making profit since 1976 but
would not reveal figures.

Rungwe District, one of the six
tea growing areas in the country,
produces 30 _ percent of the
national tea output and is second

largest tea producer after Mufindi.

in Iringa’ Region.

98

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA



be mobilized in one shift within the
plant.

During the briefing it was stated
that feasibility studies have already
been conducted for starting the con: |
struction works on the ‘foundations
of the apartments and houses whose ‘
blueprints have already been dom-
pleted. .

It was also reported that there is
the possibility to put up pre-fabricat-
ed houses up to a distance of 100
kilometres from the factory and that
such an opportunity of putting up
homes could be spread to other re-
gions,

The Revolutionary Leader stated
that this is the short-cut and the best
choice of overcoming housing pro-
blems in the country.

cso: 3400/39

34



MILL CANCELS AGREEMENT WITH SAAWU

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 19 Apr 85 p 2

[Text]

UNION Flour Mills, a Durban subsidiary of the Pre-:
mier Group has caricelled its agreement with the
South African Allied Workers Union, an agreement
which has been in existence since October; 1983,

Approached for com-
ment yesterday a
spokesman for the Pre-
mier Group said that!
after a long history of :
conflict the management
of the Union Flour Mills '
took a decision to cancel
the agreement with the
Baking and Allied
Workers Union, an af-
filiate of Saawu.

“Workers partici-;
pated in illegal strikes |
last week for one and aj
half days and again this {
week for a day and a:
half. Management have |
repeatedly and consis-
tently endeavoured to
build a healthy rela-
tionship with the union
without success,” the
spokesman said,

“The union was in-
formed of manage-
ment’s decision to
cancel the agreement
this week after the com-
pany had made its con-;
cern clear to shop stew-
ards and officials last
week.” :

cso: 3400/40

“The trouble at the mill’
began when workers:
with grievances against a
manager, marched him
from the plant. Manage-
ment tegarded the inci-
dent as a serious in-
fringement of agreed

procedures for the re-+
dress ‘of grievances and '

} invoked the agreed dis-
‘ciplinary procedure re-
garding eight workers.
The union declined to
participate in the disci-
plinary hearing and also
declined to invoke the
agreed upon procedure
to redress grievances
against the manager
concerned.
Eight workers were
dismissed and about 400
of the 500-strong work-

force at the mill went on

strike.

Management agreed
to look into the workers
grievances but not be-

;fore the strike was
ended.

59

This week, further

‘problems arose and a

second strike took the
plant out for another.

day and a half. Manage- -

ment then decided to re-
voke the agreement.

Workers are now
back at work. Union
Flour Mills has indicated
that it will talk to any
representatives of the
workers,

Efforts to contact
union spokesman in
Johannesburg and Dur-!
ban were unsuccessful.

JPRS-SSA-85-039
ll May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



EELPA SUPPLIES GOBA WITH HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICITY

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 26 Mar 85 p 8

[Text]

GOBA (ENA) — The 5,000 kilo.
watt hydro-electric high-voltage line
and distribution centres extended for
Goba and neighbouring towns by the
Ethiopian Electric Light. and Power
Authority (EELPA), at a cost of
7,700,000 irr became operational
Sunday.

The hydro-electric project, which
was accomplished in 18 months with
‘Joan obtained from the Government of
Yugoslavia; was” inavguratd at a cere-
‘mony held at the Robi Distribution
Centre by"Comrade Gezahegn Workie,
member of the CC of WPE and First
Secretary of the WPE Committee of
Bale region.

Speaking on the occasion, Comrade
Gerahegn noted the importance of

developing hydro-electric power for the”

building of socialism and for the ex-
pansion of industries, He stressed that
the newly inaugurated project would
goalong way in stepping up the
development ventures of the inhabit-
ants of the region. ‘

Comrade Gezahegn further stressed
that the new feactility implemented
under the “auspices of the WPE and
the Revolutionary Government with

cso: 3400/39

“the joint efforts of Yugoslav and Ethi-

opian experts and professionals would
create socio-economic ; results that
would be of immense benefit to the
residents of Goba town and its envir-
ons.

Earlier, Comrade Ekubay Araya,
Head of the branch office of EELPA of
Goba and its environs, said that the
hydro-electric transmission line which
was extended from the Awash Power
Station through Shashemene and the
Malka Wakena Project would be fur-
ther expanded depending upon the
demand for electricity in the area.

The power supply will cover Goba,
Robi, the Agarfa Multi-Purpose Pea-
sants’ Training Centre and peasants
producers’ co-operatives and villages
in Agarfa district.

Present during the inauguration cere-
mony were alternate members of the CC
of WPE, Comrade Godana Tuni, Chief
Administrator of Bale region, members
of the WPE Committee of Bale region,
Comrade Tessema Aba Détash, Gener-
al Manager of EELPA, and represent-
atives of government departments and
mass organizations. :

30

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ETHIOPIA



GOVERNMENT URGED TO ENCOURAGE SCHOOLS FOR ALL RACES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 4

[Text]

HOUSE OF  AS-
SEMBLY. — The
Government should
encourage and support
the creation of as many
private schools as poss-
ible so larger numbers
of children from the
different race groups
can attend the same
schools, Mr Horace
van Rensburg (PFP,
Bryanston) said.

Speaking in the Educa-
tion Vote during the com-
mittee stage of the Bud-
get, Mr Van Rensburg
said when it became clear
that multi-racial schooling
could take place without
incident and without low-
ering standards or impair-
ing the identities of differ-
ent groups, it would be
possible for the Govern-
ment to start opening
public schools.

Insight

“By proposing _ the
scrapping of Section 16 of
the Immorality Act and
Mixed Marriages Act. the
Government has dis-
played both the insight
and the courage to accept

that the State should not ©

csO: 3400/40

intervene in the right of
people to choose their
own partners.”

He said the Govern-
ment should in the same
way, accept that it does
not have the right to pre-
vent people of different
race groups from attend-
ing the same schools.

Mr Van Rensburg also
appealed to the Minister
of National Education to
finalise the transfer of
education from the prov-
inces to the Department
of Education and Cul-
ture.

Intolerable

“We are faced with the
intolerable situation that
while the House of Del-
egates and the House of
Representatives are
already in full control of
ion of their
the House
of Assembly is not

Jt was ridiculous that all
four provinces should be
involved with different
legislation for education
and the fees parents
should pay.

Mr Van Rensburg said
the Government’s inabili-
ty to implement its deci-

62

sion to phase out provin-
scial education control was
“most unimpressive”.

Mr Jan Hoon (CP, Ku-
ruman) said the PFP had
long campaigned for the
repeal of Section 16 of the
Immorality Act ‘and the
Mixed Marriages Act and
the Government was now
following their advice.

Now the PFP was call-
ing for mixed education
which meant the govern-
ment would soon be tak-
eps to integrate edu-

Hoon asked
whether the Government
considered sport to be an
“own affair”. In 1977 the
present Minister of Co-
operation, Dr Gerrit Vil-
joen had said that sports
clubs would have to. be
kept separate, by legis-
lation if necessary, to en-
sure that the identity of
Whites was not threat-
encd. Did Dr Viljoen still
believe that?

JPRS-SSA-85~039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA

ANTI-ECONOMIC SABOTAGE TRIBUNAL SHUTTING DOWN

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 3 Apr 85 p 3

[Article by John Waluye]

[Text]

THE ‘National Anti-Economic
Sabotage Tribunal which started
chearing ecoriomic sabotage cases
some 22 months ago wound up
‘business yesterday having han-
dled 2,859 cases.

The Chairman of the Tribunal,
Judge John Mrosso, said-in Dar
es Salaam yesterday that the
Tribunal will, however, continue
sitting at the Ubungo Garments
Hall to complete four remaining
cases.

Judge Mrosso said Judge
Hilary Mkatte with Tribunal
members, Ndugu Hindu Lilla and
Ndugu Mohamed Kissoky, will
shear. the four cases — two each
from Dar es Salaam and Tanga
regions.

He explained that a total of
4,166 alleged economic saboteurs.
were brought before the Tribunal,
some of whom were convicted
while others were acquitted. The
Tribunal began in May 1983.

The Tribunal, Judge Mrosso
said, was supposed to have com-
pleted its business on March 30,
this year, but because of long
testimony by some witnesses and
the suspects, this had not been

possible.

The Judge said some cases had
been withdrawn by the

secution from the Tribunal
and lodged at the High Court un-
der the Economic and Organised
“Crime Control Act of 1984.

cso: 3400/42

He said under the new Act,

alleged saboteurs will have an op-
portunity to apply for bail, which
was not possible .with the
Tribunal.
* The Chairman pointed out that
Tribunal Judges and members —
apart from Judge Mkatte, Ndugu
Lilla and | Ndugu’ Kissoky —
would now go’ back to their for-
mer duties.

He praised the press for their
overage of the Tribunal
proceedings which he said were
educative to the public.on how
serious the crimes were and what
could” be the” “outcome tor of-
fenders.

Meanwhile, the
yesterday sentenced to ten years
imprisonment a Dar es Salaam
resident who was found guilty of
illegal possession of a pistol. and
six rounds of ammunition.

The accused, David John alias
Majivuno ' (23) a peasant of
Kinondoni “B” in Dar es Salaam,
was jointly charged with Charles
David alias Minazi, who’ was
sealed by the Tribunal yester-

oF dee Hilary Mkatte sitting.
with Ndugu Hindu Lilla and
Ndugu Mohamed Kissoky said
the Tribunal was satisfied the ac-
cused had ‘kept the pistol for
ulterior motives.

He said the accused could not
prove how he was staying in a

99

Tribunal

guest house at a great cost. He
sentenced him to ten’ years im-
prisonment for illegal possession
of the pistol.

Meanwhile, the Tribunal sitting
at the Ubungo Garments Hall
yesterday started hearing a case
facing Michael Mbelwa and two
others alleged to have been found
in illegal possession of a Beretta
pistol on. August 1, last year, at
Tandika, in Dar es Salaam.


will come from Hungary in the coming three years to render services in the
medical field, to teach in higher institutions of learning, and also to work
in agricultural and other development projects. As regards the training of
manpower in Hungary, Comrade Aklilu noted that scholarship will be given to
Ethiopians in post graduate studies. Further agreement will be signed
between the two countries in the economic and other areas of development,
Comrade Aklilu said. (ENA) [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in
English 27 Mar 85 pp 1, 6]

EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS--Bahr Dar (ENA)--A twenty-member Committee was formed
here recently in order to enable educational radio broadcasting in Gojjam
region to reflect fully the region's social, economic and cultural condition.
The Committee, whose membership comprises representatives of government and
mass organisations, was aimed at disseminating programmes on economic, social
and political activities particularly on efforts to solve the drought problem
through educational radio broadcasting centres in Debre-Markos and Bahr Dar
towns. Comrade Tadesse Walle, Chairman of the Audit Commission of the
regional WPE Committee, said on the occasion that radio programmes would
greatly contribute towards the enhancement of efforts being exerted to over-
come the drought problem. He expressed confidence that the Committee would
score encouraging results in this area. Comrade Aklilu Yadete, Manager of
the regional educational office, earlier elaborated on the tasks that

should be accomplished in the future through the use of educational mass
media. [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 29 Mar 85 p-.5]

GONDAR'S LITERACY CAMPAIGN--Gondar (ENA)--Over 90 per cent of the residents
of Gondar town have been freed from illiteracy during the last 12 rounds of
the literacy campaign, it was reported here yesterday. The regional
Literacy Campaign Executive and Co-ordinating Committee revealed in a report
that 92.3 per cent of adults in Gondar and its environs successfully com-
pleted the functional literacy course in the period since the campaign was
launched. Meanwhile, members of the Committee have finalized plans for con-
ducting the 13th round of the literacy campaign to be launched in the region
beginning early next April. A Committee spokesman said 69,120 birr has been
allotted for the purchase of uniforms for the campaigners and for providing
other essential facilities. As in other regions, the next phase of the
campaign will concentrate on rehabilitation centres. [Text] [Addis Ababa
THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 31 Mar 85 pp 1, 5]

JIJIGA TOWN HOUSING--Jijiga (ENA)--Some 85 low-cost houses built by the
Jijiga Town Council at a cost of over 2,115,300 birr to offset the housing
shortage are now operational. The two and three-room low-cost houses built
in two kebeles have each a kitchen, shower and toilet as well as access to
water and electric supplies. [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in
English 2 Apr 85 p 5]

CSO: 3400/38

40



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

HEUNIS ON BLACK AUTHORITIES EXTENSION--The minister for constitutional
development and planning, Mr Chris Heunis, has said in an interview with the
South African Broadcasting Corporation, SABC, that although considerable
progress has been made with the system of black local authorities, it

should be extended to communities throughout the country as soon as possible.
A comprehensive way in which blacks could exercise greater decisionmaking in
politics still had to be worked out. The minister of cooperation and
development and education, Dr Gerrit Viljoen, said in the interview that
local authorities were an important instrument for all communities. They
were the mouthpiece of the [word indistinct] needs of the people. The
president of the Urban Councils Association of South Africa, Mr (Steve
Kegame), said that one of the biggest problems experienced by black local
authorities was the unwillingness of the black communities to accept that
those authorities had the same powers as white councils. Members of the
black councils had a tremendous task to explain this to their people.

[Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 18 Apr 85 MB]

SATELLITE USE FOR RURAL AREAS--The director general of the South African
Broadcasting Corporation, Mr Riaan Eksteen, has announced that the rural
areas of South Africa and Walvis Bay are to be served by five radio channels
and one television channel by the middle of next year. Addressing a news
conference in Johannesburg, Mr Eksteen said the SABC, in cooperation with
the Department of Posts and Telecommunications, had decided to use satellite
technology to achieve these links. He said that until now it had been dif-
ficult to provide services to these areas because of problems linking the
source of programs to transmitters in these parts. Mr Eksteen said an
agreement was now being concluded with the international telecommunications
body, Intelstat, for the hire of a transponder on one of their satellites.
This transponder would enable the corporation to relay one television
channel and five radio channels to transmitting stations throughout the
country. Mr Eksteen said that tenders had already been called for the
installation of the necessary ground equipment. [Text] [Johannesburg
Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 18 Apr 85 MB]

HENDRICKSE ON 'FEAR OF DOMINATION'--The chairman of the ministers council in
the House of Representatives, Reverend Allan Hendrickse, says the first
obstacle that has to be removed in the process of giving blacks a vital
share in the government of the country is the fear of domination. Addressing

82



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

EEC AID--The European Economic Community will announce during April finance
for a project to develop alternative energy sources, concerning four Indian
Ocean Commission countries, the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius and the
Seychelles. A total of 1.7 million ECUs (1.1 million dollars) will be pro-
vided in the form of non-repayable aid under the fifth European Development
Fund for the installation of pilot projects, in particular the production of
ice by solar energy for the conservation of food and drugs, electricity
generation through biomass and wind power, and the production of substitute
fuels, crop drying and the development of housing making use of local
climatic conditions. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English
30 Mar 85 p 8]

cso: 3400/30



GHANA

Repatriation of 300,000 Citizens From Nigeria Discussed
(Accra Domestic Service, 18 Apr 85)..

MADAGASCAR

Briefs
Road Link Improvement

MAURITIUS

Nation Seeks Diplomatic Diversity
(THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, 30 Mar 85)..scesccceeceeceee

Briefs
New Plane

MOZAMBIQUE

Aquino de Braganca on Portuguese Cooperation, Renamo Ties
(Aquino Braganca Interview; DIARIO DE LISBOA, 22 Mar 85)..

Dhlakama: Renamo Not Intimidated By Psychological Warfare
(O DIABO, 26 Mar 85).. eee

NAMIBIA

Briefs
Mudge on Transitional Arrangements

REUNION

Briefs
UDF Gains

SOMALIA

Briefs
Israeli Aid Allegation

SOUTH AFRICA

Insurance Claims for Riot Damages Reported
(Tony Stirling; THE CITIZEN, 20 Apr 85)........00. sec caee

Angola Withdrawal Gives South Africa Edge for Cuban Removal
(Brian Stuart; THE CITIZEN, 17 Apr 85)..esccescceccceeees

Mill Cancels Agreement With Saawu
(SOWETAN, 19 ADY 85). ..ecccecccccceccccccsseees eee eeeeees .

41

42

43

45

46

50

53

54

55

56

58

59


low, for even though marketing facilt-
ties are relatively well developed ii
urban centres, they are not supported
by adequate purchasing power, and
management strategies are geared moré
towards ‘subsistence needs than com-
mercial purposes. Animals sold hy
livestock owners are usually slaughters
‘ed for urban markets or sent for fat-
tening to areas or farms where browse,
concentrates and water are readily
available,

Yet, much have been accomplished
to date by state-owned rearing, fatten-
ing and dairy farms, International
standards have even been achieved,
so that Ethiopia is today a» major ex-
porter of frozen and canned meat and

of dairy, products.

At the same time, though, ancestra]
rearing methods should be discouraged,
since they imply mensgement condi-
tions thet will, in the Jong run, inflict
irreparable damage to environment.
Therefore, land tenure arrangements
should be formalized ' with a view to
encouraging semi-intensive livesteck
production systems through the alloca:
tion of funds and the supply of breed-
ing stock in local markets.

cso: 3400/39

37



ZULU LEADER LASHES PFP FOR UNREST REMARKS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 p 8

[Text]

DURBAN. — _ Chief
Gatsha Buthelezi, head of
the KwaZulu nation, said
yesterday from Ulundi
that he stood by his
cism of the PFP in the
KwaZulu Legislative As-
sembly on Monday night.

Chief Buthelezi said
that it was time that the
PFP stopped giving inac-
curate accounts about
various incidents in South
Africa. It was high time
that some of the party’s
members stopped “talk-
ing out of both sides of
their mouths” as far as
Inkatha was concerned.

In the KwaZulu Legis-
lative Assembly on Mon-
day night Chief Buthelezi
lashed out at the PFP Par-
liamentary group which
visited Uitenhage after
the shootings on March
22.

He also criti
port on the
Time magazine of April

cso: 3400/40

'8, which said that Zulus
from Natal were among
the men who opened fire
at Uitenhage.

The report claimed that
Zulus traditionally re-
garded the Xhosa people
of the: Eastern Cape as
enemies.

Chief Buthelezi said
this was a lot of nonsense.

“The talk about White
"commanded Black police
being “Gatsha impi’s’ has

now, thanks to the PEP,
spread across the world.”

He said it was high time
that Dr Frederick van Zyl
Slabbert, leader of the

PFP, stepped in and disci-
plined some of his Party's
members who did not
know the feelings of
Blacks.

The future of KwaZu-
lu-Natal was in the melt-
ing pot and that the NRP

had already phased them-
selves out of any future
political existence.

If the PFP had a future,
it would be because they
could expand their power
base in Natal and become
territorially important in
at least one region of the
country.

68

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



Although people were unhappy about these officials in their midst, they
hardly dared to vent their anger out on them. The impetus, let it be said,
was started by these officials. To many people the almost unreasonable
anger shown by black policemen in their course of their duty could have been
responsible for this. The police are, at the best of times, associated with
the types of evil things the people experience. This is perhaps unfair
because not all policemen are cruel.

The community councillors simply led with the chin. They are also not the
popular choice of leadership in the townships. They are not all men of
sterling character and humility. And worst of all they seemed, most of
them, to accumulate extraordinary wealth, as soon as they got into office.
How could the people be blamed for assuming they were riding on their backs.

To add to the problem the community councillors have to administer regula-
tions and laws which are perceived as oppressive by most people. If the
very people who seem to be getting rich are also believed to be the perpe-
trators of your misery, there is bound to be a backlash.

We do not condone these things. We are trying to explain them. We have all
the sympathy in the world, quite ironically, for young policemen and some
community councillors. What is important is that those people in the posi-
tions held by the deputy minister of law and order, should not glibly
express these sentiments without knowing whence their causes spring. They
may be deliberating ignoring such causes, but we wish them to be aware that
most people know that they know.

CSO: 3400/34

77



172098

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

-499e0aet 133

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

| REPRODUCED BY

NATIONAL TECHNICAL hi

INFORMATION SERVICE | DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT & 1

COMMERCE

_____SPRINGFIELD, VA, 22161 Approved for public release;
re | Distribution Unlimited 127

AGT

2



HOUSE DEFERS VOTE ON SENSITIVE ELECTION LAW BILL

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 29 Mar 85 p 1

[Text]

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA

Parliament yesterday deferred debate on the Constitution of Zambia

(Amendment) Bill during its committee stage because of the controversy that
developed over clause seven of the Bill.

The clause requires civil servants and workers in parastatal organisations

wishing to contest parliamentary general elections to resign from their posts
but excludes district governors, political secretaries and other Party offi-
cials from this requirement.

Mr Michael Sata (Kabwata) proposed an amendment to include politicians in the
clause which was roundly supported by back-benchers.

Chairman of the committee of supply and deputy Speaker Mr Leonard Kombe was
about to put the amendment to a vote when Prime Minister Mundia who is leader
of the House slipped a note to him asking him to defer debate until he made

consultation.

Amid protests by some MPs Mr Kombe stood up and said:

Eatlier. the: Prime Mini-
ster said the Government
had rejected the proposed
amendment because there
was no government in the
world which resigned
during . election time.
“None.” he emphasised.

Political posts were not
vacated during . elections,
‘not even in the United
States of America. As far as
general elections are con-
cerned, there are no party
officials who, organise
elections .where they are
candidates’ themselves."”
he said. -

Mr Mundia warned that
a serious precedent would
be created if the atnend-
ment was allowed to pass
as even ministers would be
required to resign.

That did not impress
back-benchers when . as
soon as Mr Mundia ‘sat
down. Albert Limbo
(Sinjembela) rose to
support the amendment
because he could not
understand why only -civil
servants and workers in
arastatal bodies’ were
eing asked to resign ‘‘to
stand for their right as citi-

zens of Zambia".

“We want ~ district
governors to resign if they
want to contest elections
because they are also
Zambians."’ Mr Limbo said
amid ‘hear. hear, hear"’.

Mr ‘is .-Matanda
(Kafue)’ supported _ the
amendment because there
had been people in the past
whg. stood for elections

103

whil¢: “holding posts in
Goverament and in the
Party.

."Mr.-Matanda said if

Rovernors and political
secretaries were allowed to
stand ‘while holding office,
they would have undue
advantage over their rivals.

Mr’*Matanda who: des- ;
cribed the amendment as
straightforward said it
would not, be fair for poli-
tical secretaries. governors
and other Party workers to
return to their posts after
losing elections because
that would not happen to
others.

He urged “everybody
whio believes in justice and
fair play’ to support the
amendment.

"Debate is deferred."


CHAD

Briefs

COMOROS

French Financial Agreements

‘Marxist Plot' Has Wider Implications

Briefs

ETHIOPIA

(THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, 30 Mar 85)......- se eeeeeeeae

Arms Transport Denied
France-Mayotte Supporter

Role, Activities of Chemical Society Reported

(SINET NEWSLETTER, Jul-Dec 84)...cceceecceecceecescecceces

Scientific Course Enrollment Figures Given

(SINET NEWSLETTER, Jul-Dec 84).....cceeececccccceecceeeece

DPSA To Propagate New Joint Ventures Proclamation

(Melaku G/Yohannes; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 23 Mar 85)......

EELPA Supplies Goba With High-Voltage Electricity

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 26 Mar 85)...sesescesscccsecececees

Czechoslovakia Signs Long-Term Loan Aereement

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 28 Mar 85)...seeeesececscsscsceccee

Czechoslovak Development Cooperation Lauded

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 29 Mar 85)..eececececsscesccvcscecs

Mengistu Inspects Unfinished Prefab Plant

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 7 Apr 85)...cseececcecesccccccccees

Livestock Production Industry Analvzed

(Pascal Alexandre; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 26 Mar 85).......

Success of Food Packing Factory Reported

Briefs

(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 6 Apr 85)....eeeeeeceececccccsccecs

Soviet Consignment
Livestock Export
Hungarian Cooperation
Educational Programs
Gondar's Literacy Campaign
Jijiga Town Housing

19

20

23

23

24

26

28

30

31

32

33

35



Mr Namushi Namuchana (Liuwa) said:

support of even the front-bench."

Mr Mufaya Mumbuna
(Nalikwanda) appealed to
the Government not to do
things that might divide the
nation. He said the front-
bench had a duty of work-
ing for unity. fair play and
justice.

“You cannot have in a
country two classes of
people. Everybody feels the
amendment is straight-
forward. Nobody should be
favoured. We shall fight
this one if vou want, here."’

When Mr Dennis Katl-
Tunga (Wusakili) rose to
support the amendment,
Mr Rex Natala (Bweengwa)
raised a point of order ask-
ing Mr Kombe whether
the House was in order to
continue debating a
“straightforward issue".

It was at that point Mr
Kombe was about to put
the amendinent to the vote
when the Prime Minister
passed a note asking him to
Gefer debate.

CSO: 3400/024

The bill which was to
become law on April 1.
seeks to abolish automatic
Zambian citizenship for
children born in Zambia
from established residents.

It authorises defeated
candidates in general elec-
tions to seek redress to the
Supreme Court if not satis-
fied with High Court
rulings.

This is the second bill to
be deferred in Parliament
during this session because
of its unpopular wording
among back-benchers.

The first was the Medical
Services Bill which seeks to
establish . statutory boards
in Government hospitals
which Speaker of the Na-
tional Assembly. Dr Robin-
son Nabulyato halted its
debate last week and re-
quested the Government to
give it appropriate amend-
ments before returning it to
the House.

104

"This is an amendment which should not
even take us long to approve because it is straightforward and requires the



chemistry or a minimum of 2 years of university education in chemistry
and are engaged in professional work. Associate members are members
who work in a field related to chemistry without fulfilling the
criteria for full membership or to chemistry students in hgiehr
education institutions or to those interested in chemistry and
acknowledged by members of the society.

The chemical society had only 40 members when it was established
over two years ago. The membership has steadily increased since then
to two hundred and twenty.

Aetivities

CSE held its 18t Congress on August 9-11, 1984, in Nazreth and
was attended by one hundred and fifty chemists from all over the
country. During the conference papers on research articles, educa-
tional and industrial reports, plenary lectures ,as well as posters
were presented on widely varied issues. The 2 congress will be
held in Addis Ababa on August 8-10, 1965. The first publication of
CSE "Chemistry Newsletters”, which is at present a bi-annual came
out on the occasgtfonof the 1 Congress (Vol. 1, No. 1). The 2
issue of the Newsletter will appear in February 1985.

CSE has been a member (on observer country status) of the Inter-
national Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) since last
September. It is planned to have links with other chemical societies
in the future.

International symposium on Khat (Chat) organized by NAPRECA
(Natural Products Research Network for Eastern and Central Africa)
was conducted on Dec. 15, 1984, in the Science Faculty of Addis Ababa
University. The symposium was co-sponsored by CSE and the Ethiopian
Pharmaceutical Asssociation (EPA).

The organizing committee of the and congress of the chemical
society of Ethiopia would like to send registration forms to persons
interestad in attending the forthcoming congress of CSE to be held

ton Aug. 8-10, 1985 at Addis Ababa.
Registration forms could be obtained by writing to:
Coneress Secretariat
P.O. Box 32934

Addis Ababa
Ethiopia

cso: 3400/28

25



MULTIRACIAL COUNCIL--Durban--A proposal that the Natal Provincial Council be
replaced by a multiracial 30-member elected council has found some support
from New Republic Party MPCs and the Progressive Federal Party MPC, but will
clearly be rejected by the Nationalist opposition and has had a mixed reaction
from other communities. The NRP Chief Whip, Mr Peter Miller, said second-tier
government must inevitably include all communities. [Excerpt] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 p 12]

FOREIGN INVESTMENT RISE--Foreign investment in South Africa has risen to R43-
billion at present from R23-billion in 1979 despite intensified attempts to
discourage it, the Minister of Transport, Mr Hendrik Schoeman, said in Port
Elizabeth yesterday. He said South Africa remained attractive because it
recognised that foreigners would not invest in the country if they were not
properly rewarded.--Reuter. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

17 Apr 85 p 27]

SOLIDARITY HITS ARMY--House of Delegates--The SADF should keep out of Black
townships because soldiers unlike policemen, were not trained to restrain
themselves, Mr Pat Poovalingham (Sol Reservoir Hills) said. Speaking in the
Second Reading Debate on the Control of Access to Public Premises and Vehicles
Bill, he said the police force should be increased in size if necessary.
"Policemen are trained not to shoot unless their lives are in imminent danger
or there is no other way of apprehending a person escaping from custody. But
a soldier will shoot first at anything that moves without identifying itself."
Mr Poovalingham said he was petrified that one day an 18-year-old soldier
might "let loose." It was sad and undesirable that troops were being used in
the townships. Turning to the role of the police in society, he said all
Members of Parliament, including those in the Delegates and the Representa-
tives, were at fault for allowing a situation to develop where police needed
additional powers. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 4]

SWAPO'S 'ATHEISM'--Church support for Swapo was nothing but support for
atheism, United Christian Action said yesterday. UCA, issuing the statement
on the occasion of Swapo's 25th anniversary today said it was the responsi-
bility of churches in South Africa and overseas to contribute towards an end
of the worldwide confusion about the aims and objectives of Swapo. "It is
especially essential to contradict the one-sided support for Swapo by certain
bishops and priests. Misjudgements about the real nature of Swapo, especially

in Western countries, can have grave consequences for all people who live in
SWA/Namibia," the statement said. UCA said the political programme of Swapo
included the building up of a totalitarian Marxist one-party state by means
of violence, the oppression of individual rights of any kind, and the total
destruction of religion. "Church support for Swapo is therefore nothing but
support for atheism," the statement said.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE
CITIZEN in English 19 Apr 85 p 13]

84



One of the most severe areas of damage has been to public transport, with
about 1,000 buses-~and one train--reported damaged or destroyed by mob actions.

The reported cases indicate that at least 120 private and police vehicles have
been subjected to petrol bomb attacks. Hundreds more have been damaged in
attacks by stone-throwing mobs, while scores of delivery vehicles have been
looted. More than 300 homes have been burned down or damaged in mob attacks,
according to Government sources.

Of at least 160 reported attacks on private homes more than 50 were, according
to the released police information, on the homes of policemen. Some of these
attacks involved the use of grenades.

Many of the others involved attacks on the homes of Black councillors, with
several deaths ascribed to the actions of the arsonists.

Set Alight

One of the most horrifying aspects of the recently reported attacks against
councillors and officials in the Eastern Cape was that it was reported to
have become "standard practice" to pour petrol over the victims and set them
alight.

Schools have also not been exempt from arson and attack. Over the period
examined by THE CITIZEN, reports showed that at least 45 schools had either
been set alight or attacked.

An idea of the daily cost of the unrest and violence can to an extent be
gauged from police reports, which at one stage included estimates of damage
inflicted.

Over a three-day period in March, police put damage at R2,15-million, while in
one black day during the Vaal Triangle unrest damage to property was put at
more than R12-million.

cso: 3400/41

79



JPRS-SSA~85-039
11 May 1985

UNITA CAPTIVE CITES FALSE BROADCASTS BY MPLA

MB220635 (Clandestine) KUP in Portuguese to Southern and Central Africa
0600 GMT 20 Apr 85

[Text] Free Land of Angola, 20 Apr (KUP)--A former Radio Luena announcer
disclosed yesterday that the government radio broadcasted lies in order to
discourage disgruntled town dwellers from going to the countryside where
there was food and people lived in peace.

Jose Sozinho, a 45-year-old man, was program coordinator and editor in five
vernacular languages, Chokue, Luvale, Umbundu, Mbunda, and Lunda-Ndembo, at
the Moxico regional station for 7 years. He was captured 15 km east of
Luena on his way to a nearby village to try to buy cassava meal to feed his
family of 13 people. Jose Sozinho told KUP that he was very happy to be
captured because there was widespread hunger and insecurity. He wished,
however, that his family were captured too, so that they could also escape
death by hunger.

Commenting on his role as announcer, he admitted that MPLA radio stations
were instruments to mislead the public. He added, I helped spread lies
through the radio. But, he remarked, I could not refuse for fear that my
life could be in danger. Giving an example of false news, he recalled that
long after Cangamba town had fallen to UNITA forces, the MPLA carried pre-
fabricated and false programs over the radio presenting local MPLA leaders
addressing the vigilant MPLA population there.

He said that although the town dwellers were sick and tired of life in towns,

MPLA propaganda led them to believe that if they abandon their homes, they
would be killed by UNITA forces.

cso: 3400/34



“Military circles, " he continued, “are not escaping the division. From all
indications, there is a strong ‘military lobby,' a kind of power within the
power, which enjoys relative autonomy and which is largely responsible for
coordinating the subversive activity abroad and for maintaining contacts with
foreign reactionary groups, in Israel, for example. Well, the most realistic
segment of the government does not appear strong enough to neutralize this
group and cannot disarm.it, so it :continues to act aginst Mozambique, with the
support of the Conservative Party and of Portuguese groups established in
South Africa, Madeira, Lisbon and Brazil."

West Must Understand

Within this context, one of the most important factors for an improvement in
Portuguese-Mozambican relations is the reactivation of the military accords
already established between Lisbon and Maputo, ‘This has been one of the
central topics of Braganca's contacts in Portugal.

In this area, Rui Machete, vice prime minister and minister of defense, “spoke
quite frankly and was disposed to implement themilitary accords."

"I think," Braganca reported, "that this is the area where we should begin and
which could facilitate economic cooperation between the two countries. I per-
ceived a consensus on this matter between the government and the president of
the republic.

"J insist: there is a need to give substance to the existing military accords.
Mozambique does not need foreign troops on its territory, but it needs rapid
intervention forces to operate in the type of war which we are waging. Here,
technical support from Portugal, with its knowledge of the terrain and of this
type of engagement, could be important. We are interested, but if Portugal
does not respond positively, we have other options.

“To those who accuse us of aligning too closely with the Soviet Union, [I say
that Jour readiness to open up is the best proof that we have our own independent
policy and that we are not giving it up. We maintain a friendly and useful
relationship with the USSK. It supported us during the struggle for national
liberation and even now, during the economic crisis which we are experiencing,
Russia is supplying most of the fuel which allows the country to go on function—
ing.

“The only guarantee that we can give to the West," Aquino -de Braganca concluded,
"igs that, with domestic stability, we will meet all our commitments. This is
the message that should be understood by Portugal, as it has already been under-
stood by other IFuropean countries."

6362
CSO: 3442/246

49



[Kambona] It has different meaning. When I was secretary general of the
party and it was really a one party but not by law, it was by vote. Out of
71 seats in 1961, we won 70 of them and we were one party but by vote not by
law. What I refuse is to see a one-party state by law, which is when I think
differently. I am committing a crime.

[Marshal] President Nyerere prides himself on his record on human rights.
He has spoken out about the issue in other parts of Africa and yet you main-
tain that he himself has an extremely poor record at home. Now, what
exactly do you have in mind?

[Kambona] Yes, I agree with the interviewer who interviewed him here when
he was here recently that it is very hypocritical to blame everybody else
except himself, because they say charity begins at home. In Tanzania today,
many of the political leaders, trade union leaders, civil servants, farmers,
peasants, even members of liberation movement have been detained without
trial. The movement has been restricted. You cannot move into the country
without the special permission of your party and today you cannot get even a
job if it is not approved by the state house, which means by the president,
and, therefore, in Tanzania today they laugh when they hear the president
pointing out these infringements of human rights to the rest of the world
except in his own country.

[Marshal] What would you say to those critics of yours, Mr Kambona, who

would accuse you simply of being an armchair critic making this analysis of
Tanzania from such a long way away, a man who really had a personal vendetta
against President Nyerere because you lost out in a power struggle with him?

[Kambona] Yes, I know that accusations will be made to me, but I do not
think in Tanzania they take so easily because I understand that in schools
children, pupils, students, are asked to recite every day about the three
enemies in the country. They say the first one is the imperialists. The
second one are the capitalists, and the third is Oscar Kambona. So, the
fact that after all that long period that I have left the country, I am
still regarded as number one enemy, I do not think that I am an armchair
critic and I think that even now that in Tanzania today if there is a coup,
or if there is a drought, if there is no rain, I am blamed for being respon-
sible for that. [end recording]

cso: 3400/33

91



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

INCREASED FOREIGN INVESTMENT REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 p 16

[Text]

PORT ELIZABETH — |
Despite intensified at-!
tempts to discourage it, *
foreign investment in
South Africa had
creased from R23 billion |
in 1979 to R43 billion to- |
day, the Minister of |
Transport Affairs, Mr |
Hendrik Schoeman, said |
in Port Elizabeth yester-
day.

At a ceremony to mark
the 1,5 millionth vehicle
produced by General Mo-
tors in South Africa, he
said. That the inevitable
question was why South
Africa remained an at-
tractive outlet for foreign
investments even under
the “difficult” circum-
stances created by pres-
sure groups against in-
vestment.

One reason was that
South Africa recognised
that foreign investors
would not invest in the
country if they were not
properly rewarded.

Foreign _investment

cso: 3400/40

could only prosper in a
climate of political stabili-
ty and in that respect
South Africa had suc-
ceeded “remarkably
well” in its part of a “tu-
multuous continent,”

“What is more, the
country's political stabili-
ty is flexible and is being
adjusted in a realistic
manner to changing cir-
cumstances.”

Other factors condu-
cive to investment were
the country's wealth of
raw materials, well-deve-
loped infrastructure,
growing internal market
and wealth of managerial
talent.

Des

ing disinvest-

ment as “an international
cliche,” Mr Schoeman
said there are three dis-
tinct attitudes toward
South Africa.

There was President
Reagan’s “constructive
engagement” policy, the
concern for profits by
businessmen and the “so-
called champions of the
social gospel which can be
readily associated with
the broader elements of
liberalism,”

While disinvestment
could hurt South Africa,
it was ironic that it would
hurt most those for whom
a better deal was envi-
saged by the disinvest-
ment lobby.

70

Mr Schoeman ~ said
South Africa had weathe-
ted conditions of uncer-
tainty caused by interna-
‘tonal threats of sanctions
and boycotts in the ’60s
and "70s. i

“On each occasion the

‘country emerged stronger
jthan before.
* “In fact, the cries for
disinvestment may even-
tually prove a blessing in
some respect as local en-
trepeneurs are offered the
opportunity to obtain a
larger share in local cor-
porate management.” —
Sapa,



CZECHOSLOVAKIA SIGNS LONG-TERM LOAN AGREEMENT

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 28 Mar 85 pp 1, 6

[Text]

A long-term loan agreement of 100
million birr to be used for various,
development ventures was signed here
yesterday between the Revolutionary
Ethiopia and the Czechoslovak Soct-:
alist Republic.

The agreement was signed by Com-
rade Wolle Chekol, member of the CC
of WPE, Minister’ of Foreign Trade
and Chairman of the Ethio-Czechoslo-
vak Joint Commission on the side of
Revolutionary Ethiopia, and Comrade
Bohumil Urban, Minister of Foreign
Trade of the Czechoslovak Socielist
Republic and Chairman of the Crecho-
slovak-Ethiopia Joint Commission, at a
ceremony held at the conclusion of the
fourth session of tle joint commission
of the two countries on economic, sci-
entific, technical and trade co-opera-
tion. :

According to the egreement, most
of the equipment necessary for the
Mieka Wakena Hydro-Electric Power
Project will be provided by Czechoslo-
vakia and the first turbine of the pro.
ject will commence operation in 1986.

The agreement also provides for the

cso: 3400/39

estblishment of a polyster textile plant
and a pipe assembly factory and two
flour miles. In addition, the Addis
Tyre Factory and the Modjo Tannery
would be expanded. Studies on the
meat and meat products factory and
also in the sphere of mines would be
condueted.

Apart from this, a trade agreement
for 1985 and # long-term basic agree-
ment for the period 1986-1990 were
also signed.

Present at the ceremony were Com-
rade Yewond-Woren Hoeilu, member
of the CC of WPE and Ambassador of
Revolutionary Ethiopia to Czechoslo-
vakia, Comrade Libor Pecl, Ambassa-
dor of Czechoslovakia to Revolution-
ary Ethiopia, Comrade Dawit Geta-
chew, Commissioner and Head of
Economie and Social Sector of the
National Committee fr Central Plan-
ning (NCCP). (ENA)

31

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ETHIOPIA


JPRS-SSA-85~039
11 May 1985

MAURITIUS

NATION SEEKS DIPLOMATIC DIVERSITY
Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 30 Mar 85 p 1
[Text]

The Mauritian governnent is currently seeking to_strengthen and
diversify its international relations, without abandoning its ever
closer ties with the west, by promoting itself as_a stable partner ready
for dialogue. To this end the regime headed by Aneerood JUGNAUTH and
Gaetan DUVAL modified the penal code on March 18 in order to muazle the
press and the opposition whose campaigns against alleged corruption were
said to be putting off foreign investors.

Prime minister JUGNAUTH and his foreign minister Anil GAYAN were in
France this week, and were going on to New Delni to assure themselves
that the government of Rajiv GANDHI wante to maintain the same spectal
relationship with Port Louis as his mother Indira did. Today Indta,
where several generations of Mauritians have their roots, ts the
island's second-ranking source of aid after Prance and before the United
States. New Delhi also provides valuable support for the Mauritian
demand for the return of the Chagos archipelago, which was retained by
Britain at independence and whose island of Diego Garcia has been leased
to the United States for military purposes.

Mauritius ta convinced that the Diego Garcia base is being upgraded,
and is trying to reverse this trend. Mr. GAYAN's visit to Moscow, which
he had planned to make at the beginning of March, will strll take place,
but in December. It was postponed because of the death of Soviet leader
Constantin CHERNENKO, but now, as the Mauritian foreign miniater himself
told THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, "the arrival of a leader of a younger
generation to head the Soviet Union ts a new factor which can only be of
advantage to Mauritius. "The United States wtll be more inclined to take
into account the pressures of a Soviet leader who is likely to last”, Mr
GAYAN added. His ministry was currently in regular contact with the
Soviet embassy in Port Louis, he said. As the last visit to Moscow by a
high-ranking Mauritian official was in December 1982, and Mr JUGNAUTH
was in Washington last year, "We must reatore the balance.”

However, Port Louis also prides itself on enjoying America’s
confidence, something it explains by the fact that Mauritius is the
"only real democracy” in Africa. Mr GAYAN concedes that certain votes

43



SHAPI CALLS FOR END TO WILDCAT STRIKES

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 30 Mar 85 p 5

[Text]

THE ‘frequency of unconstitutional strikes in
Zambia is causing concern to. the Party and its
Government, a Member of the Central Commit-
tee said in Lusaka yesterday.

Chairman of the Social
and Cultural Sub-Com-
mittee Mr Alex Shapi
warned that the economy
hit by world-wide recession
could not absorb further
costs rising out of work
stoppages.

Speaking when he of-
ficiated at the Zambia
Federation of Employers
(ZFE) annual general meet-
ing at a local hotel, Mr
Shapi appealed to all
labour-market parties to
respect and follow laid
down procedures under the
Industrial-Relations Act.

“The Party and its
Government has been
alarmed. by. the frequency
of these strikes by workers
even when their wage
demands are under nego-
tiatio:

It was an economic
fact that wage increases
without a corresponding
rise in production only
pushed up the rate of
inflation.

“Wildcat strikes should
come to an end because
our economy cannot afford
them at all,”’ he said.

He told the meeting that
the unemployment situa-

cso: 3400/026

tion. particularly Lof the
youth, was worsening and
causing worry to the Party
and its Government.

“This is an unfortunate
development and I would
like to take this opportunity
to appeal to you employers
to assist us in finding a
lasting solution to this
problem," Mr Shapi said.

On foreign exchange
problems, Mr.’ Shapi. ap-
pealed- to. employers .to
diversify their activities
and consider the utilisation
of locally available raw
materials and other essen-
tial production inputs.

“I would also like to
appeal to all employers to
support efforts by the
Party and its Government
in making Zambianisation
a reality.”

The need for Party
committees at places of
work to function without
threats was vital because
they were there to pro-
mote geod relations
between management and
workers,

“The development of
this country is an enormous

112

task which cannot be left
in the hands of the Party
and its Government alone.
Even organisations like

yours have an important:

role to play,’ Mr Shapi
said.

And chairman of the
ZFE Mr Michael Mulenga,
said fluid industrial re-
lations in Zambia were
causing worry to his
organisation and called on
concerned parties to
change the situation.

In his annual report
presented to the meeting,
Mr Mulenga, who is
director of personnel and
public relations at Indeco
head office, hoped the long
awaited national tripartite
labour consultative council
would be established soon
to improve industrial re-
lations in Zambia.

On unemployment, Mr
Mulenga says ZFE was
seriously concerned about
th situation and that was
the reason it decided to
help in the development of
small-scale enterprises.

“Employers in general
are called upon to feel
seriously concerned about
this problem and en-
deavour to do something
about it individually and
collectively".

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA



“I was even assured of this by various individuals," he added. “I consulted
with General Kanes, with Mario Soares, with Rui Machete, with Jaime Gama and
Almeida Santos, in the government, and I spoke with individuals in other politi-
cal areas, Minister Jaime Gama assured me, for example, that Evo Fernandes,
the secretary general of RENAMO, will not be permitted to return to Portugal

in that capacity."

Arab Connection

Regarding the military situation in Mozambique, Aquino de Braganca assures
that "it is not alarming, butit is not easy, either.

“We have real indications," he said, "that Samora's policy of political decen-
tralization and of the reorganization of the army, with the use of young military
cadres, has had encouraging results. This is particularly noticeable in Gaza
and Manica provinces and part of Inhambane. In the center and north of the
country, however, greater effort has been necessary because of the infiltration
of terrorists from Malawi, This is the case in Nampula Province, where the
situation cannot be considered good."

Malawi is just one link in the chain of destabilization, which has its strongest
point in South Africa. The other one, in addition to the Portuguese component,
is embodied in what Aquino calls that "Arab cormection." "Weapons have been
unloaded on Mozambican beaches (we know this for a certainty), originating in
the Middle Fast.

"It is a new front in the diplomatic battle. We have already approached the
Arabs to explain the real situation to them. It is similar to the approach
we have taken with the Portuguese businessmen. Our contacts to date have been
extremely encouraging. But we are going to pursue them."

A Year After N'Komati

All this is occurring 1 year after the greatest hopes were born with the
N'Komati Accord. Aquino de Braganca was one of those who shared those hopes.

“My personal opinion was that the N'Komati Accord seemed to go further than
the Lusaka accords. Whereas, in Iusaka, peace was assured with the Portuguese,
N'Komati figured to guarantee the end of the conflict in the region. J thought
that Pieter Hotha had a Gaullian conception of power that he was following.
Unfortunately, this man proved to be a little less than a Bismarck."

Contributing decisively to the noncompliance with the N'Komati accord has been
the crisis situation inside South Africa, which, according to braganca, is widen-
ing the breach betweenthe government and the opposition (inside and outside

the system), from the economic to the military area.

“This crisis is particularly affecting the "tribo Afrikander,' which had been
governing since 1948 without significant opposition from the whites » but today
this tribe has fallen apart; it is divided. fFven the Nationalist Party, the
party in power, is far from being united. There are at least two large factions
within the party: one, a minority faction, which is ultraconservative and dmo-
bile, and the other, which thinks that not to change would be fatal.

48



cast by his country in the United Nations, particularly on Nicaragua in
1983, are also partly responsible for Washington's benevolent attitude,
culminating in the agreement on new quotas for Mauritian teatile exports
to the United States which was recently signed in Port Louis (see I.0.N.
W°172).

Relations with Paris are also set fair. Mr JUGNAUTH told us that he
was convinced that France was willing to maintain its economic aid at
the highest level, and that private investors uere increasingly
interested, particularly in the expanding tourtam sector. Mauritius has
also approached the French government on the matter of tuna fishing in
the Indian Ocean: Port Louis wants in the medium term to develop this
activity in its economic exclusion zone which includes the rich waters
ground the Chagos archipelago, left to Mauritius to ezplott in the 1965
agreement with Britain. According to Mr GAYAN, his government would Like
to see a more regional and less nationalistic approach to this very
profitable economic sector, for fear of overfishing by French and
Spanish tuna boats operating in Seychelles waters.

CsO: 3400/30

44



NATAL LAUDS CHIEF BUTHELEZ1'S EFFORTS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 20 Apr 85 p 12

[Text]

DURBAN. ~- Natal
community leaders and
businessmen yesterday
joined with Dr J N Red-
dy, leader of the Opposi-
tion, in his praise for the
statemanship of Chief
Gatsha Buthelezi during
the past two months of
crisis and trauma.

Leading members of
political parties, industri-
alists and businessmen in
Natal also yesterday
praised the role of Chief
Buthelezi head of the
Kwa Zulu nation.

cso: 3400/40

Mr Frank Martin, the
senior MEC, Natal, said
yesterday that Chief Bu-
thelezi had played a ma-
jor role in maintaining
peace in the past few
months among the Zulu
people, the biggest ethnic
group in South Africa.

A leading businessman
Dr Nick Labuschagne,
managing director of
John Orr Holdings, said
the Zulu people were
having as difficult a time
than any other race group
in the country.

‘The spokesman for the
Nata! Chamber of Indus-
try said yesterday that
there was no doubt that
Chief Buthelezi, a man of
moderation, had the re-
spect of the people and
they followed his lead-
etship and did not be-
come involved in_ riots,
aggitation and boycotts.

73

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


students at the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, Mr Hendrickse
said his party envisaged a geographic federal system in which minority
rights were recognized and protected, thereby preventing domination of one
group by another. He said the black people's greatest need was the full
citizenship with benefits such as participation in the free market system,
a say and participation in the legislative processes, freedom of movement,
and equal education. He added that the solution to the country's political
problems would be complicated and would require lots of attention. [Text]
[Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 18 Apr 85 MB]

U.S. REACTION TO NAMIBIA PLAN--In Washington, the Reagan administration said
that South Africa's plan for an interim government in South-West Africa will
not affect UN efforts to gain independence for the territory. A spokesman
for the State Department, Mr (Edward Gerrijian), said South Africa had
pledged its cooperation with the United Nations. The United States expected
South Africa to keep its word. The secretary general of the United Nations,
Dr Perez de Cuellar, will be meeting the South Africa ambassador, Mr Kurt von
Schirnding, today. A spokesman for Dr de Cuellar's office said the secretary
general wanted clarification on the interim government plan. [Text]
[Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 19 Apr 85 MB]

INCIDENTS OF UNREST REPORTED--A police spokesman in Pretoria says there have
been several reports of unrest at various places since yesterday afternoon.
Funeral goers at (Kgatlehong) set a bus on fire, and rioters attempted to
burn a policeman's house. However, he was able to scare them off and no one
was injured. At Dunnotar on the East Rand, a beer hall was burned down, and
in Kwatheme an attempt was made to burn a church. One person was arrested.
There were also reports of unrest at Kwanobuhle, Queenstown, and Bloemfontein.
[Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 21 Apr 85 MB]

DEPUTY MINISTER ANNOUNCES RESIGNATION--The deputy minister of home affairs
and national education, Mr Pierre Cronje, has announced his resignation as a
deputy cabinet minister and member of parliament for Port Natal. His resig-
nation takes effect on 30 April. Mr Cronje said in a statement issued in
Cape Town that he was withdrawing from public life as he had reached an age
at which, as he put it, a new phase of his life would have to be considered.
He said he wished to devote more time to his family, and to make contribu-
tions in other areas as well. Mr Cronje's career in public life has covered
more than 35 years, 19 of them as provincial councillor, senator, and member
of parliament. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT

21 Apr 85 MB]

BLACK ‘CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM--The minister of cooperation, development, and
education, Dr Gerrit Viljoen, says constitutional reform insofar as it

affects black communities is among the government's priorities. Addressing

a conference of the Afrikaanse Studentebond [Afrikaans Student Union] and the
Inkatha Youth Brigade of the Rand Afrikaans University, he said, however, that
any reform which came about through intimidation or fear would in all likeli-
hood collapse. Spontaneous reform, as he put it, based on negotiation, was
the only orderly and permanent type of reform. Referring to the political
future of blacks, he said that every group had the right to self-determination
and a say in matters of common concern. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service
in English 0500 GMT 21 Apr 85 MB]

83



SUCCESS OF FOOD PACKING FACTORY REPORTED

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 6 Apr 85 p 3

[Text]

Results beneficial to the construction
of the national economy are being re-
gistered by the vegetables and fruits
processing and packing factory establi-
shed under the administration of the
Nura Era Agricultural Development
Project being developed along the ba-
nks of the Awash River in Yerer Ke-
reyu province of Shoa region.

Grains, vegetables and fruits are he-
ing cultivated on 8,000 hectares of
irrigated land 190 kms east of Addis
Ababa,

The development project employs
3,000 permanent and 7,000 temporary
workers. The factory is manufacturing
canned products of vegetables and
fruits, Comrade Agegnehu Sisay, Ma-
nager of the Nura Era Agricultural
Development Project, told a tram of
journalists who visited the project last
week,

cso: 3400/39

‘After nationalization, the Nura Fra‘
Agricultural Development Project de
creased the amount of cotton it used
to produce and shifted to the product.
ion of tomatoes, onions, tobacco, oran-
ges and other fruits which are in grat
demand in foreign markets:

Speaking on his part; Comrade Da-
niel Kebede, Manager of the Merti Ve-
getable and Fruits Proccessing and
Packing Factory, said that the factory
manufactures various kinds of canned
fruits for domestic and foreign mar-
kets,

The manager disclosed that the face
tory which produces orange and other
fruit squashes from July to December
manufactures tomato juice from Jonu-
ary to June.

Comrade Daniel noted that the fac-
tory has exported a total of 500 tons
of juice to neighbouring countries this
year.

Both managers told the team of jo-
urnalists that the construction of the
necessary infrastructure and service
facilities is being stepped up.

38

JPRS-SSA-85-039
ll May 1985

ETHIOPIA



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA

ISRAELI AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT IN ROUTE
Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 2 Apr 85 p 2

[Text] A consignment of drip irrigation equipment worth more than K500,000
is on its way to Zambia to boost production of fresh fruits and vegetables
for export.

The equipment was ordered from Israel recently by Lusaka's Amiran company, a
farming estate and distributor of agricultural machinery, which has just com-
pleted its major export of garlic and mangoes to Europe.

Amiran sales manager and agronomist, Mr Pinhas Moskovich said yesterday the
first consignment had already left Dar es Salaam.

The machinery was for Galaunia farms, Zambezi ranching corporation and
Amiran's Roan farms which had shown interest to intensify production of
fresh fruits and vegetables.

The second consignment is expected in two to three months and would be
shared between Amiran and other large-scale farmers.

"At the moment there is a big movement in Zambia to produce fresh fruits and
vegetables by various commercial farmers who want to use modern drip irriga-
tion systems to obtain high quality yields for export.

"We have ordered half a million Kwacha worth of drip irrigation equipment
not only for our own use but for other big farmers who are going into export
product. High quality is necessary if we are to get good price for our
products in Europe," he said.

In January Mr Moskovich said his company had worked out a strategy to export
more than K500,000 of fresh fruit and vegetables to Europe a year.

He announced measures to extend the 1,000-hectare Roan farm in Ngwelele area
with the aim of contributing to Zambia's foreign exchange earnings and self-
sufficiency.

Amiran is poised to air-freight 20 tonnes of garlic and 50 tonnes of mangoes
to Europe.

108



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

EXPELLED MINE UNION OFFICIALS ACCUSED OF INCITEMENT

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 29 Mar 85 p 1

[Text]

MINEWORKERS Union of
Zambia (MUZ) chairman, Ti-
mothy Walamba has accused
two branch officials expelled
from the union last week of
trying to incite miners in Lua-
nshya to rise against the na-
tional executive.

Speaking at a press confe-
tence in his office, Mr Wala-
miba warned the two expelled
branch officials to desist from
their activities because they
were illegal and a further vio-
lation of the MUZ constitution.

Mr Walamba said his execu-
tive was aware of the clandes-
tine meetings the two expelled
‘leaders were having with mi-
ners in Luanshya aimed at
winning their sympathy and
support for the petition the two
former: branch. officials have
lodged with the ‘Ministry of
Labour and Social Services,
the Zambia Congress of Trade
Unions and the Labour
Commissioner.

“While we don’t mind much
about the petition the two ex-
pelled leaders have lodged,
we take strong exceptions
to them going round trying
to confuse the workers over
their suspension because the
decision was made collectively
by ihe Supreme Council,’ he

‘The MUZ chief said the
decision to expel Mr Robert

cso: 3400/025

Kapenda and Mr Tony Malu-
nga who were chairman and
secretaty of Roan Branch, re-
‘ively, was adopted by 56
the 76 delegates who atten-
ded the Supreme Council
meeting last week and was ir-
reversible.

Mr Kapénda and,Mr Malu-
nga were expelled after being
found guilty of misconduct
prejudicial to the interests
of the union as per MUZ con-
stitution.

“If the two leaders want,
they can appeal to the MUZ bi-
annual conference which
take place in February next
yeat instead of confusing our
members of a straight forward
issue” such as their expulsion
from the union,” Mr Walamba

id.

He disclosed that in fact the
expulsion of Mr Kapenda and
Mr Malunga was the only re-
sort for the Supreme Council
because the two officials had
been disciplined for other ca-
ses in the past but showed no
sign of repentance.

“Mr Kapenda and Mr Ma-
lunga are not the first officials
to be disciplined by the union,
others have been disciplined
in the past but followed normal
channels in seeking redress,”
Mr Walamba said.

117

He said there was no way
the union could rescind the
action it had taken agairist the
two former branch officials be-
cause new. bearers were
chosen.on Tuesday to réplace
them,” .

“T was in Luanshya when
the new office bearers to re-
place the two expelled officials
were chosen. I explained to
Roan and Mpatamatu branch
officials and shop stewards
why we ‘acted against Mr Ke-
penda and'Mr Malunga and
they understood. my explana-
tion,”? Mr Walamba said.

ZAMBIA


JPRS- SSA~ 85-039

11 May 1985
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
ConTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
Bulgarian Activities in Africa Noted
(D. G. Santos; ARMED FORCES, Mar 85)..... eee e nee e eee eens 1
Briefs
EEC Aid . 3
ANGOLA
Portuguese View of MPLA Troubles
(Xavier de Figueiredo; DIARIO DE LISBOA, 2 Apr 85)........ 4
UNITA Captive Cites False Broadcasts by MPLA
(KUP, 20 Apr 85)... ccc cece cece cece nec en erence eeeseeesseees 7

UNITA Deserters Describe Activities, Experiences
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 16 Mar 85)....ccecceccececccewecceceees 8

Bengo Commissariat Meets To Analyze Supply Methods
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 16 Mar 85)...... we recenccceccescccecsens 12

Huambo Youth Strengthening FAPLA Ranks
(Simao Roberto; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 21 Mar 85).............- 14

Huambo To Have Two New University Faculties
(Simao Roberto; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 14 Mar 85)......-..002+- 16

Briefs
New Embassy in Yugoslavia 17
Returnees From Zaire 17
Agriculture Minister in London 17
Portuguese Police Accused of Racism 18
-a-



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA

BRIEFS

CULTURAL DELEGATION FOR DPRK--A sixteen-man delegation of artists leaves
today for Pyongyang, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), to
participate in an art festival. The Deputy Principal Secretary in the Prime
Minister's Office (PMO), Ndugu Wilfred Mwabulambo, will head the delegation.
The artists, who are members of the National Cultural Troupe, will perform a
variety of Tanzanian traditional dances and six Korean songs at the festival
which will be held from April 5 to 20. The group made their last performance
on Saturday to an audience which included Minister of State in the PMO,
Ndugu Getrude Mongella and the DPRK ambassador to Tanzania, Ndugu Li Young
Yon. Giving her blessings to the group, Ndugu Mongella told them that cul-
tural exchanges were one of the most useful ways of enhancing friendship
between countries and told them to be active in cultivating friendship while
in the DRPK. The festival is expected to be attended by artists from 50
countries from all over the world, Ndugu Li told the Minister, He said the
festival will also coincide with the 73rd birthday celebrations of the DPRK
leader President Kim Il Sung. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English

1 Apr 85 p 1]

CATTLE FOR UGANDA--Kampala, Sunday--Tanzania has exported 1,800 heads of
improved zebu heifers to Uganda under an agreement signed in 1983 between
the now defunct Liverstock Development Authority (LIDA) and the Uganda
Commercial Bank (UDB). Under the agreement, Tanzania is to export 2,000
head of zebu heifers, according to the then Senior Operations Manager in
Lida, Ndugu Dominic Massawe, who arrived here last Wednesday to bring the
latest consignment of 520 heifers. The 5,775,325/- payment in foreign
exchange for the exported cattle had been effected by the African Development
Bank (ADB), the financier of the project. The exportation of the cattle will
earn the country 9,690,000/- (570,00 US dollars) and ADB has already paid
5,775,325/-. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 1 Apr 85 p 1]

SALIM RECELVES JORDANIAN MESSAGE--The Prime Minister, Ndugu Salim Ahmed
Salim, has received: a personal message from Crown Prince Hassan of Jordan.
The message was delivered to the Prime Minister in his office in Dar es
Salaam yesterday by the Crown Prince's Special Envoy, Dr. Bassam Saket.

Dr. Saket, Economic Adviser to Crown Prince Hassan, arrived in Dar es
Salaam on April 1, leading a four-member delegation. Contents of the
message were not disclosed. It is, however, believed that the message con-
cerns Jordan's interest in strengthening and expanding existing relations
with Tanzania. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 4 Apr 85 p 1)

101



GENERAL MOTORS PLANS TO STAY PUT

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 p 11

[Text]

PORT ELIZABETH. —
*General Motors has no
plans to relocate its oper-
ations from Port
beth to the Reef, nor will
it bow to mounting disin-
vestment pressures in the
US and withdraw from
South Africa.

These twin assurances
were forcibly spelled out
at a ceremony in Port Eli-
zabeth yesterday to mark
the production of GM's
1 500 000th car.

‘Attending the ceremo-
ny was GM's vice-presi-
dent in charge of Latin
American and South

African operations, Mr_

John McCormack, who
told dignitaries, including
guest of honour, Yhe Min-
ister of ‘Transport, Mr
Hendrik Schoeman:

“IT want to say that
we're determined to re-
main a vital component of
the motor industry in this
country... and here in
Port Elizabeth.”

Evidence of this com-
mitment, said both Mr
McCormack and GM's
managing director, Mr
Lou Wilking, was the ma-
jor investment in tooling
up for the new Opel Ka-
dett.

cso: 3400/40

Some R40-million was
reputedly invested by GM
to produce the new model
— and the 1500 000th
vehicle that rolled off
GM's production line yes-
terday, a Kadett GSI —
represented “the very la-
test in engineering tech-
nology and design,” said
Mr Wilking.

At an eatlier Press con-
ference, GM’s marketing
director, Mr Hal Carpen-
ter, said the company
aimed to capture 15 per-

cent of the lower-medium ° -

priced car market in
South Africa, “which this
year will represent 54 per-
cent of total passenger
cars marketed.”

“Which means we're
aiming at selling 1 600
units a month,” he said.

Commenting on the
launch of the new Kadett
which had won a “clutch
of motoring awards over-
seas,” Mr Wilking said
the success of the new
model was “fundemental
to the success of the com- "
pany.” :

The new car would be

launched through GM's
dealer network on Friday.
‘At the conference Mr

production

ies with other South
African manufacturers
could only take place
where this made econom-
ic sense and led to greater
output from GM's plant.
Although GM had re-
peatedly stated that it
would’ welcome either a
South African sharehol-
der or a manufacturing
partner, no discussions
with prospective asso-

61

JPRS-SSA-85-039

11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

ciates had yet taken

place.
“And any arrangement
would have as its basic
premise greater through-
put through this plant,”
Mr Wilking said.
Commenting on the
Ford/Amcar_ merger an-
nounced carlier this year,
Mr Wilking said no com-
petitive advantages were
yet to be seen from the
merger. .

“And whether they do
in the future ... who
knows? — Sapa.



According to Aquino Braganca, “while Samora Machel leads his nation's destiny,
there will be no "political deal’ with these businessmen or with their ‘proteges'
that could threaten the Lusaka accords and the steps which followed them,
specifically Sa Carneiro's decision to put a definite end to the economic dis-
sention between Mozambique and Portugal."

With or Without Portugal

“One does not engage in political discussions with these groups. If Mozambique
is dealing politically with Portugal, it deals with the Portuguese Government.
This does not mean that Maputo refuses to talk with the Portuguese businessmen
and examine ways to safeguard their interests in Mozambique or the possibilities
for future investment, but today we have a foreign investment code and other
similar legislation in the process of enactment. Any contacts with the business~
men would have to be within the framework defined by Mozambican law."

These statements, which basically reflect the official position of the Mozam-
bican authorities, have been transmitted by Aquino de Braganca in his contacts
in lisbon with various political sectors, in addition to the government and
the president of the republic.

Among the positions defined by Mozambique is the guarantee that "Portugal will
continue to be given preference in any eventual introduction of forms of trian-
gular cooperation.

“It is by a conscious decision that Mozambique is proceeding this way. We think
there are mutual advantages in approaches of this type,’ Braganca said. Ie noted,
however, that if cooperation with Portugal is impossible, “we will go ahead
without Portugal, because there are other interested countries."

One of the ways in which Portugal can prove its interest in strengthening rela-
tions with Mozambique is "to put an end to the ambiguous position which it has
assumed regarding a terrorist movement (RENAMO), whose actions also affect
Portuguese interests."

Terrorists Like Kaulza

“portugal must understand, once and for all, that RENAMO is a terrorist move~
ment, a movement to which the term terrorist applies in precisely the same way
that the Portuguese Government applies it to groups which commit violent acts
in Portugal and the rest of Furope, in a challenge to the legally established
powers. RENAMO's action is just as terroristic as that of Kaulza de Arriaga

in ordering the murder of civilians in Wyriamo. After the recent revelations
of Marcelo Caetano, now published in a book which has come out in Portugal, there
can be no doubt about the culpability of the former commander in chief of the
colonial armed forces.

“I think," braganca stressed, "that a clarification by Portugal is already on
the way. I am returning to Mozambique with the idea that the government of
Mario Soares definitely intends to neutralize any Portuguese-based operations
by RENAMO.

47



PREPARATIONS FOR WORLD YOUTH FESTIVAL UNDERWAY

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 5 Apr 85 pl

[Text]

THE Tanzania Youth
Organisation (VIJANA) National
Preparatory Committee for the
forthcoming 12th World Youth
and Student Festival was laun-
ched in Dar es Salaam yesterday
by the head of ‘the Organisation
Department of the Party National
Executive Committee (NEC)
Secretariat Ndugu Moses
Nnauye.
~ The ‘Festival «will be ‘held “itt
Moses, the Soviet Union, from
July 27 to August. 3, this year,
with about 17,000 young people
representing 124 countries. ©
.The  eight-man __ national
Preparatory committee ‘consist, of
Chairman, Ndugu —_ Nnauye,
Secretary Mohamed Seif ib,
who is also VIANA ‘etary
General, Co-ordinator Pascal
Mabiti VIANA Deputy Secretary
General and in-charge of ad
ministration Ndugu M.S.
Mwangwanewala. :
Others are the Isles VIJANA
Deputy Secretary General, Ndugu
Haji M. Haji, who also becomes
committee secretary, head of
festival . activities, Ndugu M.
Maliwanga, from the Prime
Minister's. Office (PMO) | and
Ndugu Bakari Abeid from the
Isles Ministry. of Information,
Culture and Sports.

Also launched Were six. sub-
committees. They are. finance and-
- planning, internal transport, in-

Cso: 3400/43

formation, publicity and
Propaganda, group’ preparations,
food, accommodation and health
and co-ordination.

In his brief address, Ndugu
Nnauye called on the committee
to work harder for the success of
the preparations.

Ndugu Nnauye said the festival
will be attended by not more than
70 Tanzanian youths.

He said the youths will be
picked from different institutions
including mass organisations,
government departments 4nd
Parastatal organisations.

In 1973 Tanzania participated
in the African Youth Festival and
the world youth and student
festival held in Tunis, Tunisia and

Berlin, the Federal ocratic
Republic of Germany (FRG)
respectively.

Tanzania had also participated’
the 1978 world youth and student
festival in Havana, Cuba and the
African ycuth festival in Tripoli,
Libya in 1983. .

96

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA



Said Ali KEMAL's brother NASSERDINE was inaccurate. Also seized by the
mercenaries was the duplicating machine used to print the Front
Oémocratique's newspaper, Ushe, and which the authorities had never been
able to locate.

I.0.N.=- On analysts, several factors enable it to be said. that the
simplistic version of events put forward by the Moroni authorities,
that a Marxist plot aimed at the destruction of the Islamic tradition,
scarcely corresponds to reality. It is noteworthy that the mutiny of
some 30 members of the presidential guard took place on the evening of
March 8, while since the previous day a support ship of the United
States navy, the USS Jason, with a crew of 800 men, was berthed at
Moroni. It is hard to imagine that this was a simple coincidence.
Furthermore, it would have been logical for the head of state to have
been in residence during the visit of this ship, which was the first
of its kind.

It is clear that the Comorian authorities were always in control of
the situation, The mutiny was checked without a shot being fired, and,
what was particularly surprising in a small country Like the Comoros
where news travels fast, it was a week before information began to
filter out and the first official report of the incident was given on

the state radio. Everything, in fact, happened as if a small number of
senior members of the regime were perfectly aware of the preparations

for a rebellion, and that they had carefully planned its suppression
and its exploitation politically. The role of the Americans could have
been to guard against any risk of things going wrong.

This theory is backed'up by the fact that_the Front Démocratique
had certainly been infiltrated by the regime a long time ago. NAFION
Zarakache, the country’s director of civil aviation, who is described
as "records secretary" of the MCMLC and whose archives supposedly led
to the arrests of the civilian "plotters", was one of Ahmed ABDALLAH's
most faithful supporters when the president fled to Anjouan after
being overthrown by Ali SOILIH in 1975.

The organisation this week of mass demonstrations of support for
Ahmed ABDALLAH, the stress which the president himself laid on the
threat to religion, and the orchestration of the ulemas, the Moslem
leaders headed by the Grand Mufti who demanded exemplary punishment
for the plotters, all point to the head of state's concern to exploit
the affair to the full in order to rally the population round a regime
which has been considerably weakened in recent months.

This does not mean that no real danger of "revolution", or of
destablisation by such countries as Libya or the Soviet Union, exists
in the long run for the present government. But as it happens, it
appears from information obtained by THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER that
the mutiny by the presidential guard was master-minded by Saudi
Arabian big businessmen who were concerned to maintain the Comoros as
a base for their various operations in the region, notably the supply
of arms to Mozambican rebels. It is quite possible that president
ABDALLAH , who had previously permitted this operation to continue,
wanted to clamp down on it following the visit to Moroni in December
of South African foreign minister Roleof 'Pik' BOTHA seeking to
strengthen Pretoria's commitment to the Nkomati pact.

21



JPRS-SSA-85-039
ll May 1985

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

NEW EMBASSY IN YUGOSLAVIA--Belgrade--The Angolan minister of foreign rela-
tions purchased a plot of land measuring 500 square meters in this city on
Wednesday, with a view to the construction of a building of several stories
for the diplomatic representation of the RPA [People's Republic of Angola] in
Yugoslavia. The plot on which Angolan Ambassador Francisco Romao da Silva and
attorney Raiko Ignajacevic signed the contract is located in one of the most
interesting areas of Belgrade. Discussions concerning the purchase of the
land lasted for 3 years, and according to statements made by Francisco Romao
after the signing of the contract on the land, there was considerable opposi-
tion from a number of diplomatic representations because of its location. He
said that construction will be undertaken there on a building consistent with
all of the safety requirements necessary to serve the interests of the Angolan
People's Republic. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 16 Mar 85

p 3) 5157

RETURNEES FROM ZAIRE--Mbanza Congo-~About 19,000 persons who returned from the
Republic of Zaire in the period between 1980 and 1984 have been settled in the
province of Zaire, the ANGOP [ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY] has been told by a source
connected with the provincial office of the Secretariat of State for Social

Affairs. According to that source, about 7,500 individuals passed through the
four reception centers for returnees, located in the municipalities of Noqui,
Soyo, Kuimba and Mbanza Congo, in transit to other provinces. In addition, on
the arrival of the returnees, the social affairs office provided aid in goods

of first necessity and working tools. [Excerpt] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in
Portuguese 14 Mar 85 p 2] 5157

AGRICULTURE MINISTER IN LONDON--Evaristo Domingos Kimba, the minister of
agriculture, who is taking part in the meeting of the exeent ie cash
the Coffee International Organization, yesterday visited tne are Ash ner
Foreign Office where he held a meeting with Malcolm Rifkin: a oe
of state for African affairs. During the meeting, the two ° iota al
examined the state of bilateral relations as well os ene erica. The a

i articularly the one prevailing in h . \
stticiale described relations between the United Kingdom and the Peoie s
Republic of Angola as satisfactory. [Text] [Luanda Domestic Se

Portuguese 1200 GMT 18 Apr 85 MB]

17



ENERGY, FOREIGN EXCHANGE SHORTAGES CUT CEMENT PRODUCTION

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 30 Mar 85 p 1

[Excerpt]

THE Mbeya Cement Factory
which stopped production since.
two weeks ago due to lack of coal
and foreign exchange to. buy
spare parts, is reported to be
loosing about 1,848,000/- a day.

The factory Acting General
Manager, Ndugu Djovita Diyami,
said in Mbeya yesterday that: the
factory had applied for 16.9m/-
in foreign exchange for im-
portation of coal from Zambia
and Zimbabwe but the. - ap-
plication had not been successful,
Shihata reported,

Briefing the Minister for Trade
and Industries, Ndugu Basil
Mramba, when he toured the fac-
tory yesterday, the © General
Manager said lack of foreign ex-

change to buy spares and other
raw materials such as lime and
the problern of technical
management became imminent
begirfning last June when the
Danish International Develop-
ment Agency (DANIDA) with-
drew funds to meet the factory's
requirements. . ’

He said the withdrawal of

financial and technica! support for-
Ced the plant to stop. production in
May, last year. At the time, it requ-
ired some 12m/- in foreign exchange
to buy spare parts.

The 450m/- factory, built with
Danish assistance, was completed
in 1981, but did not start produc-
tion until 1983 due to power

CsO: 3400/42

problems. It. has an annual
Production capacity of 250,000
tonaes.

Despite the problems, Ndugu.

Diyami told the Minister.that the
factory had produced 37,000 ton-
nes of cement since it was laun-
ched. *

The factory requires some
24m/- in, foreign .exchange this
year to purchase the necessary
Spare -parts and raw: materials:

Ndugu Mramba assured the
factory's management that the
Government would ensure that
the factory continued production.

100

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA



for self-reliance, also acting as the fo.
cal. point for co-operation’ with foreign’
technological institutions and the Af-
rican Regional Centre for Technology, ,
which was established at the African,
Plenipotentiary -confererice held in;
Kadina, Nigeria, in-atcordance with ,
UNCTAD resolution.

The DPSA hes also established close
linkages with UNDP, UNCTAD, UN-
IDO ond other similar agencies, Com-
rade Shifferaw noted: adding that, as
part of the training activities, the staff

of the DPSA have actively participa-.

ted in & number of international work-
shops and seminars organized by
UNCTAD. UNIDO, FAO, WIPO,
OAU. ECA and other institutions of
project planning cevtres. The DPSA
has prepared the guidelines for pto-
ject planning in Ethiopia to assist in
conducting training programmes and
to standardize the methedology and
procedures followed in projest plann-
ing in the country. Furthermore, the
DPSA has prepared a paper on the
concept estimation of national pata-
meters used in economic evaluation,

of projects, studies on the food in-,

dustry, low-cost housing and agrient-
tural implements and equipment. In-
formation on the availability of con-
sultaney services from various deve-
loped and developing countries and

cso: 3400/39

‘alternative sources of appropriate te-
chnology in the sugar industry have
also heen collected, A preliminary
study onthe transfer of technology for
glass manufacture in Ethiopia, inelu-
ding analysis of the problems encoun-
tered has been carried out.

Efforts are being made to improve

the quality and reduce the cost and
energy consumption for clectre-cern-
mic “‘mitad”, and more studies of this
kind are planned for the future, it
was learnt, .
...The .general manager ssid the Do-
velopment Projects Study Agency in
the last five years of its existence has
been able to appraise some 500 pro-
jects studies, build up its matipower
and expand its overall endeavours in
the area of project planning and in
development:

He also revealed that platis are un:
der way to establish a technology in-
formation centre within the Agency.

29



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA

AUDITOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PARASTATALS IGNORED
Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 1 Apr 85 pp 1, 10

[Text] Over 70 recommendations of the committee on the parastatal bodies
have either not been implemented or have been acted on just partially despite
numerous calls by the committee for chief executives to act on the sugges-
tions.

According to the Auditor-General's report for 1983 on the accounts of the
parastatal bodies which was presented during the sitting of the just-ended
session of Parliament, there have not only been many cases of financial
indiscipline in some parastatal companies but many heads of these organisa-
tions have ignored recommendations by the committee.

The Auditor-General, Mr Stubbs Nundwe, observes that a review of the Action-
Taken reports and the outstanding issues revealed that there was no signifi-
cant progress in resolving the issues during the year under review and that
very little correspondence relating to the outstanding issues was copied to
him for verification and up-dating purposes.

He says in the report that this lack of significant progress is apparent
despite calls by successive committees for appropriate action to be taken
by authorities.

"In previous reports mention has been made of outstanding recommendations
which have not or have partly been implemented."

The 74 recommendations of the committee which have not or have only partly
been implemented date back to issues relating to the report of the committee
for the second session of the fourth national assembly and close with matters
raised in the report for the fifth session of the fourth national assembly.

In the first category, which covers cases reported to the second session,
seven parastatals are listed as having failed to comply with the require-
ments of the committee. These are:. Zambia National Commercial Bank--
finance and lending (regarding recovery of K5.7 million written off);
Kapiri Glass Products--finance (regarding progress made in the recovery of
K76,000 due from a Zairean company); Zambia Clay Industries--finance
(progress made on the accumulated losses of K11.6 million in 1978).

110



IPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

MUDGE ON TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS~-Mr Dirk Mudge of the Multiparty Confer-
ence of South-West Africa says action will be taken in the interests of all
the inhabitants of the territory in the transitional period before inde-
pendence. Addressing a news conference at the J.G. Strydom Airport near
Windhoek, Mr Mudge said that the interests of individual parties would not
take precedence over the interests of individuals during this period. He
said that he did not know when the new legislative and executive authorities
announced by the state president in the House of Assembly today would come
into effect. [Excerpt] [Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1900 GMT
18 Apr 85 MB]

cso: 3400/34

53



TWO COUP PLOTTER DEATH SENTENCES OVERTURNED

Nairobi THE KENYA TIMES in English 4 Apr 85 p 8

[Text]

LUSAKA, Wednesday
THE Zambian supreme court
yesterday quashed convic-
tions and death sentences on
two men convict plotting
to overthrow, the. government
but upheld. the’ verdled ‘on five

others:
wvere sentenced to
‘death in. in January. 1983,.w
they. were: found
conspiring to. force . ‘en
ident ‘Kenneth. Kaunda’s

eu
e ‘court “overturned: the

yerdict,on: one of.the alleged.

ringleaders of theplot, former
Bank .of Zambia’ governor.
Valentine Musakanya, and an
‘associate, but upheld death
sentences on another leader,
prominent lawyer Edward

hamwana, and fox four others.

After Chief ‘Justice. Anne]
Situngwe announced ‘the

cso: 3400/032

‘plane and make him :resign at |

result: of the appeals
Shamwana «shouted:
independence of the ‘dicing
4s-gone and 80 fs the freedom
of the people of this country”.

Une the constitution,
Kaunda >canTM exercise the
presidential prerogative of
mercy and spare the five stil
facing death.

Silungwe's. summing

> took him nine hours, Heres
wit

only . one 10-minute

break, quoting dozens of

Ean aw in English and
ambian

prosecution said the

ot wan Phatched in 1980 and

Involved! mercenaries from

Zalre.

“ ‘also alleged that after
overthrowing Kaunda, the
conspirators, -who include

four Zaireans, planned ‘to.

topple: Zairean: President
Mobutu Sese Seko.;— Reuter

107

JPRS-SSA-85~039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA


ACADEMIC WARNS OF EFFECTS OF PW'S

"DUAL ROLE’

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Apr 85 p 17

[Text]

THE State’ President's |
persistence in the dual
tole of Head of State and
leader of a party could es-
calate this country into
unprecedented ' polarisa-
tion, bitterness and divi-
sion.

This is the opinion of
Professor Willem Kleyn-{
hans, Professor of Politi-
cal Science at Unisa.

He was one of a num-
ber of political academics
and politicians who war-
ned last year of the “dan-
gers inherent in an unten-
able and unfair system” in
which the governing par- |
ty’s leader was also Head
of State.

Events were now justi-
fying this warning.

The Carolina Town
Council this week decided
to reverse a previous deci-
sion and to withhold the
freedom of the town from
Mr P W Botha. 1

Meanwhile, in Port Eli-
zabeth the National Party
is campaigning for funds
and asking for donations ,'
to the “P W Botha Re-
form Initiative Fund.” |

cso: 3400/40

Already, said Prof
Kleynhans, businessmen
had been pressed to pay
for dinners to meet Mr
Botha — money which
went into the Nat Party
kitty.

Prof Kleynhans said:
“Obviously it is untenable
in democratic terms that a
Head of State should also.
head a political party.

“This is all the more so
in South Africa with our
multiplicity of peoples
and the question nobody
can avoid is how can the
Head of State impartially
serve all the peoples when
he was elected to that
position by a party.

“And his election by
that party, in this case as
leader in the Cape and
then as national leader,

means he must be com- -

mitted and has a duty to
that party.”

He said the party was
his (Mr Botha’s) master,
and he had to serve that
master.

In this capacity he now
not only initiates policy
but also puts it into prac-
tice — policy ordained by
the governing party.

“How can he be impar-
tial and act for all three
houses — let alone for the
Blacks — when he could
be faced with a decision
contrary to his master’s
voice, his party’s hier-
archy.”

Prof Kleynhans added
the situation was unten-
able and thoroughly un-
healthy. it meant humilia-
tion and embarrassment
for the image of the Head
of State and a situation
was being created which
could reverberate
throughout society.

“One has only to look
at how it has all started —
with army officers of one
persuation reportedly re-
fusing to drink a toast to
the head of State.”

Mr Botha would simply
have to face the fact that
he could not be “flesh and
fowl” at the same time.

71

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

COMOROS

BRIEFS

ARMS TRANSPORT DENIED--The Comorian foreign ministry denied that the
archipelago was being used to ferry arms to rebels in Mozambique. [Text]
[Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 30 Mar 85 p 8]

FRANCE-MAYOTTE SUPPORTER--Younousse Bamana of the majority MPM party which
wants Mayotte to become an integral part of France was re-elected unanimously

on March 21 as chairman of the island's governing council. [Text] [Paris
THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 30 Mar 85 p 8]

cso: 3400/30

23



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

RAIL LINK CONSTRUCTION--The E63 million rail link between Swaziland and the
Republic of South Africa will be operational by the end of this year. The
Chief Executive Officer for Swaziland Railways Mr. Danie Slabbert yesterday
said the construction of the railway line was on schedule and rail traffic
between Mpaka and Komati-poort would be flowing by December 1, this year.
He said the construction from Mpaka to Mananga by the local railway company
and from Komatipoort to Mananga by South African Railways was set to reach
the deadline as according to plan. The only snag was the transportation of
construction material across the Usutu River because the Phuzamoya bridge
was swept away by floods in February this year. But he added that the recon-
struction of the bridge would be complete by August this year. He said the
construction of another link between Lavumisa and Big Bend was still at a
planning stage. On the questions of employment opportunities when the line
is in operation, Mr. Slabbert said he could not yet reveal but said there
were 13 trainee locomotive drivers who would operate along the new route.
He said these men would be assisted by another 13 men who would soon be
employed. More people were still to be employed to man the two new railway
stations at Hlane and Mhlume though his company had not yet worked out how
many people were needed. [Text] [Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English
11 Apr 85 p 5]

HOSPITAL OUT OF FOOD--Mbabane--The main government hospital in Mbabane has
run out of food, and some patients are existing on morning tea. According
to catering staff and patients at the hospital the hospital has been without
food since Tuesday because "there were no order books or cash". They said
some patients were in a desperate situation.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 19 Apr 85 p 12]

JOURNALIST DETAINED--Mbabane--A Swaziland journalist, Mr Patrick Logwaja
Jele, was detained this week for allegedly misquoting the Swaziland Com-
missioner of Police, Mr Majaji Simelane, in connection with current police
investigations into the pending high treason trial of four former Swazi army
and police chiefs.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

20 Apr 85 p 9]

cso: 3400/36

89



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ANGOLA

PORTUGUESE VIEW OF MPLA TROUBLES
Lisbon DIARIO DE LISBOA in Portuguese 2 Apr 85 pp 10, 11
farticle by Xavier de Figueiredo: "Difficulties in the Fight Against UNITA'7

[Text/ The Soviet Union is increasingly concerned with what it alleges to be
a lack of effectiveness on the part of the Angolan and Cuban troops in the fight
against UNITA.

It was this concern, according to Western sources, which was behind the talks
that were held about 3 weeks ago during meetings in Moscow by high-level
delegations of the Soviet Union, Cuba and Angola.

The conversations, which were not reported in Angola, were described by TASS
/Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union/ as "useful because they helped better
coordinate the actions of the three countries in an effort to strengthen the

independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Angola."

The Soviet Union was represented at this meeting by the ministers of foreign
affairs and of defense, Andrey Gromyko and Sergey Sokolov; Cuba was
represented by Jorge Risquet (the Politburo member who usually resides in
Luanda) and two top military leaders; Alexandre Rodrigues and the vice minister
of defense represented the Angolan side.

Information on the current military situation in Angola is not very abundant in
Western media but there is a prevailing realization that the war between the
MPLA regime and UNITA is currently "stalemated."

The Soviet generals, who play a decisive role in the planning of the general
staff in Luanda -- thus causing a certain amount of uneasiness among Angolan
officers -- view the military "stalemate" with discontent and apprehension.

In its situation analysis, the Soviet: Union considers this deadlock as "il-
logical" in view of the enormous disproportion of forces in the field in
favor of the Angolan regime -- even though this factor does not count much in
a guerilla war.

Reports that are difficult to verify indicate that the personnel strength of
the Angolan Armed Forces is 50,000 men, supported by some 30,000 Cubans.

4



JPRS-SSA-~85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

'MAN-IN-STREET' SUPPORTS ABOLITION OF MIXED MARRIAGES ACT

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 p 10

[Text]
THE — Johannesburg that _he had just re- these kind of laws Miss Patricia Ntseke
man-in-the-street  yes- turned to South Africa should go as well. It's described the Govern-
terday applauded the with his German-born about time the whole lot ment’s act as “a good
Government’s decision White wife after spend- went, but this is d move thing because we are all
to tbolish the Mixed ing 20 years in Ger- in the right direction,” humans and should be
Marriages (Act and the ma thé tirsttime Mr R A Parsley of Be- allowed to. marry who
sex-across-the-colour- “For thé first time in. rea, said. we want.”
bar clause of the Immo- my life I feel proud to 1 . .
rality Act. be a South African.” Mrs A K_~ Roset- Mr Simon Buthelezi
In a random survey “This will open the tenstein said: “People said: We are all human
by The Citizen in a ma- floodgates for all South won't rush out tomor- beings. In the eyes of
jor Johannesburg shop- Africans overseas to re-- tow and marry a person God We are all equal
ping area, the general turn. They are all home- of a different colour, and i] think ins Tight that
ini i these laws are changing.
ore of reer at sng “uy'Guho Bertin Anite oftwo. is Weal oe to
the end of “unnecessary _— airline steward, sai venny he Inwe ‘hid sar try, let it be in good
evils” and hope that the “It’s. about time this white re tows. not company.
move would be extend- happened. 1 think eel affect her. she ‘A small minority felt
ed to other areas such as they've done the right was not und tily worrie f small minority fe
the Group Areas Act. thing.” about the —_conse- the Government’s move
‘The decision was seen Po quences. as “pathetic and ditty”.
by some as “a slap in the sharon Whe ene Mrs Rose Mazibuko A Doornfontein
face of all the opponents proved wholeheartedly, said one of the worst 9° technikon student, Mr
of South Africa”. “I feel there should Pects was the conse- Athol Stewart, said: “If
“The | Government 4 ino discrimination at denies for—-Black Goa wanted us to inter-
hag Pulled the carpet sii" said Mr Mike Le. women. “White men marry he. would. have
right out from under- Vin a retired Johannes, Will be glad because if nade us all Coloured. I
neath them,” a burg resident ° they marry a Black don't think people will
Coloured man, who — . woman they won't have go for it. And what
preferred to remain “There may be prob- to worry about a maid. “about the children who
anonymous said, adding lems with the Group We can already do tum. into desperate
Areas Act, but I think —. everything and marriage ymans?”TM
toa maid will be an casy
way out.”
cso: 3400/40
72



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MOB VIOLENCE CASUALTY STATISTICS GIVEN
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 3
[Article by Tony Stirling]

[Text] Mob violence in South African Black townships has claimed 73 lives
since unrest erupted in the Vaal Triangle last September and then spread to
other areas.

According to provisional figures supplied to THE CITIZEN by the SA Police
yesterday, 68 people died at the hands of mobs between September 1 last year
and April 12. Since the cut-off date five more deaths have been reported in
township violence unconnected with police action.

Four policemen have been killed and 49 injured according to police figures.

Over the same time period 435 people have sustained serious injuries at the
hands of rioters.

Newspaper files containing the official police statements on the violence show
that many of those killed were Black city councillors, officials and their
relatives. A huge amount of damage has also been inflicted on private homes,
businesses, schools, buses and private and official vehicles.

At least 150 business premises have been destroyed by fire, looted or damaged
in the unrest according to reported incidents.

The worst of these incidents occurred in the Vaal Triangle township of Evaton
in September when the premises of 45 Indian traders were razed in a single day.

Another incident, at Seisoville, near Kroonstad, involved the destruction of
27 business premises in one day and damage to another 12.

The type of premises damaged ranged from shops and banks, to beer-halls,
restaurants, supermarkets, bottle stores, garages, clinics and administra-
tion board offices.

Claims by those holding special riot insurance cover topped R30-million by the

end of last November. No new figures have yet come to hand, but insurance
sources said yesterday claims were now probably at least double that figure.

78



Phosphate Find To Boost Agricultural Drive
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 30 Mar 85).....seeeeee sree e eee eeeeeeeee

Subulwa Presses for Increases in Barter Trade
(DAILY NEWS, 5 Apr 85)..cccccececccccccccccccereceeeenecee

TAZARA To Undergo 10-Year Rehabilitation
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 29 Mar 85).........6- bee eeeeeeenecceees

Union Angered by Layoffs
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 30 Mar 85)....cseceseccccccvcccecscevees

Expelled Mine Union Officials Accused of Incitement
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 29 Mar 85)......eee0. eee cece eee eee .

Briefs
Chinese Construction Experts Arrive
ADB Oil Seed Aid Approved
Food Plan Unveiled

-g-

113

114

115

116

117

118
118
118


ZIMBA CLAIMS WORKER BENEFITS WILL DWINDLE UNDER NEW LAWS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 27 Mar 85 p 1

[Text]

THE Zambia Congress of
Trade Unions (ZCTU) -has
said non-unionised workers
in various companies will
be excluded from enjoying
the benefits awarded to
unionised employees.

ZCTU general secretary
Newstead Zimba _ said
salary increments and bett-
er conditions of service
resulting from union
employer negotiations
would only benefit unionts-
ed workers.

Commenting on how the
newly published Statutory
Instrument Number Six
would affect ordinary work-
ers. Mr Zimba sai

“The tradition world
over is that members of a
union receive benefits.”’

The instrument bans em-
ployers from deducting dues,
for unions whose members
go on strike. Five out of 18
unions in the country have
already been affected.

Mr Zimba warned that
any employer awatding
benefits to non-unionised
workers would be in breach
of a collective agreement.

cso: 3400/032

“It will be tough for non:
unionised workers because
they will not get any bene-
fits from the union . -
management. negotia:
tions."

Meanwhile, the Zambia
National Union of Teachers
(ZNUT) has called on its
members to start: signing
stop orders to enable the
‘union to continue running
efficiently in the wake of
Government's ban.

Addressing ZNUT mem-,
bers, at the annual general
conference .held at Ridge-
wav campus of the Univer-
sity of Zambia Lusaka Pro-
vince chairman Mr Mwe-
mbe Sichoneurgedallunions
members to take up the
challenge of signing the
stop orders.

Mr Sichone said for, the
trade union to survive
morally. politically. inter-
nationally and. locally its
members must rise and
fight against the introduc-
tion of a mass organisation
in unity. — Zana.

106

JPRS-SSA-85~039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SOWETAN DISCUSSES BLACK VS BLACK VIOLENCE
MB180543 Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 10 Apr 85 p 4
[Editorial]

[Text] A disturbing phenomenon, the deputy minister of defence, law and
order, Mr Adriaan Vlok, remarked on is the violence by black directed at
other blacks.

We find such remarks rather odd, especially as they are being flaunted by
conservatives from South Africa, Britain and America. President Reagan's
immediate response to the Uitenhage shootings was a rather smug assertion
that violence was between blacks, as if it had nothing to do with the
government.

It would perhaps be a cheeky, if pertinent thing to pose the question
whether these observers would rather have the violence directed against
whites. But let that pass.

It is seriously about time that we explained, or try to shed light on this
phenomenon which is being bandied about so extravagantly, with the intention
of saying a number of sinister things about blacks.

Blacks, let it be noted, are livid with anger against the government and the’
type of lives they are forced by law to lead.

If people will cast their minds to unrest situations they should have spot-
ted a certain trend. People start attacking what they tend to believe are
the symbols of their misery. They burn and destroy all official structures
and sometimes even their churches. Very soon they run out of targets and it
becomes almost automatic to look for others. They then search for indi-
viduals they associate with the type of unhappiness they are in.

For a long time outsiders used to ask blacks how they lived with people
associated with the government in their midst. It did not ever enter the
minds of the people to attack, say policemen, or the latest targets the
community councillors.

76



POWER SHORTAGES HALT PRODUCTION--Mwanza--Some factories in Mwanza town have
been forced to suspend production for an unknown duration because of power
cuts that continues to hit the town, Shihata reported. The Tanzania Electric
Supply Company (TANESCO) started to ration power since last week because of
shortage of diesel to run generators at the Nyakato Power Station. Speaking
in a telephone interview on Tuesday, the General Manager of the Mwanza Tex-
tile Mills (MWATEX), Ndugu Mohamed Akhtar, said the mill had sent on unpaid
leave 2,898 workers of the mill. Mwanza Bottling Company and Mwanza Fishnet
were to stop production yesterday if they did not get fuel to run their own
generators, according to reports. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English
4 Apr 85 p 1] Musoma--Some 1,572 workers of the Musoma Textile Mill (MUTEX)
have been sent on unpaid leave because of insufficient power supply which
forced the mill to stop production. Shihata reported that the mill has
already suffered a 72.1m/- loss while the Government has lost 32.9m/- through
sales tax since it stopped production a month ago. Acting General Manager
Protas Onyango said the mill could not begin production because of insuffi-
cient power. Workers who reported at the mill hoping to begin work, were
asked to go home. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 4 Apr 85 p 1]

csO: 3400/46

102



RECONSTRUCTION PROGRAM COST ESTIMATED AT E120 MILLION

Mbabane THE SWAZI OBSERVER in English 3 Apr 85 p 1

[Text]

The Minister for
Finance Mr Sibusiso
Dlamini yesterday
told the House of
Senate that the coun-
try was faced with the
cost of the reconstruc-
tion programme
estimated at about
E120 million.

‘Mr Dlamini
presented the House
with two loans which
he felt were a very.
significant contribu-
tion to the reconstruc-
tion efforts.

“After some delay, .

due to the lengthy pro-
cess of project prepara-
tion and loan negotia-
tion, the most important
components of the
reconstruction pro-
gramme are now set for
implementation,’’ Mr
Dlamini told Senators.
The first loan is
the one from the Danish
government, for the sum
of E8.6 million which
will finance the construc-
tion of the rail bridge
over the Usuthu River
and of the road bridge

over the Ngwavuma

cso: 3400/36

River at Nsoko.

The minister told the
House that the loan
would bear no interests
and would be free of any
administrative or com-
mission charges.

He further said that it,

would be repaid in 18
years after a grace period
of seven years.

The second rehabilita-
tion loan which the

* minister brought before

Senators: was ‘that of
E17.7 milion, from the
World Bank which will
finance a project aimed
at the rehabilitation of
the road network con-
sisting of three parts.

“The first part will be
a two year rehabilitation
programme, involving
500km of district roads
and some 700 km of
main roads, as well as
approaches to the
Mkhondvo, Lusutfu and i
Mzimpofu River
bridges,’’ ‘said the
minister.

He said the second
part of the project would

consist of technical
assistance to the central
transport adminisfra-
tion, without which the

* however, ‘will be depei

Ministry of Works and

Communications would:

be unable to fulfill its
responsibilities under the
reconstruction pro-
gramme,

Mr Dlamini pointed
out that significant pro-
gress was being made in
the implenientation of a
consultant's report on
CTA and in increasing
the efficiency of the
organisation.

“Further progress,

dent’ on technica
assistance to support th
improvement of accoun-
ting, administration and,
management systems,”
he said.

He stressed that all
due attention would be
given to counterpart
training so that any im-
provements. should be
of a lasting nature.

The third part of the
project he said would
consist. of pavement
testing, feasibility
studies and detailed
enginecring for. the
rehabilitation of the
Tshaneni-Mlawula and
Hhelctihele-Big Bend
roads, which were
damaged by the cyclone.

87

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SWAZILAND


JPRS-SSA-85~039
11 May 1985

SOMALIA

BRIEFS

ISRAELI AID ALLEGATION--According to the opposition Somali Salvation Demo-
cratic Front (SSDF), a Mogadishu government delegation led by the chief of
the national militia, General Abderrahman Abdi Hussein (who is a son-in-law
of President Mohamed Siad Barre), made a secret visit to Israel last month.
An SSDF communique said an agreement providing for Israel to supply technical
aid in espionage and sabotage, as well as military equipment, had been
signed, after South Africa acted as an intermediary. 1.0.N.--Military
co-operation with Israel would have much more serious consequences than that
with South Africa for Somalia, closely dependent as it is on funds from the
Arab oil states of the Gulf, in particular Saudi Arabia and the United Arab
Emirates. It seems unlikely that President Siad should take the risk while
western aid sources are making their assistance subject to increasing
economic stringency on the part of Somalia. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN

NEWSLETTER in English 30 Mar 85 p 5]

cso: 3400/30

55



provide military aid to FRELIMO, "if requested." It is not seen, however, how
South Africa haS anything to gain by this policy, since the FRELIMO leaders
still blame the government of Pieter Botha for the development of the RENAMO
guerrilla action. A meeting in Lusaka of the six "Front Line" countries was
extremely hostile to South Africa, accusing it of violating the N'Komati Accord,
and the domestic upheaval provoked by the ANC terrorists is escalating, for

the authorities to take violent repressive action, which has already resulted

in dozens of fatalities and the consequent international protest.

Dead Man Grants Interviews

Above all, according to the same observers, the behavior of some South African
sectors, which are now bent on supporting the FRELIMO regime at all costs, suf~
fers from a lack of credibility; there was the case of the morning daily

THE CITIZEN of Johannesburg, which published statements "made days ago" by
Engineer Jorge Jardim, who is known to have died about 3 years ago.

As if this were not enough, another imaginative journalist (this time from
FRRLIMO) "discovered" that the civil war in Mozambique was planned in 1971 by
Ian Smith, former prime minister of Rhodesia, and his Portuguese counterparts
Marcelo Caetano and Oliveira Salazar, forgetting that Salazar had died the year
before.

RENAMO does not appear to be intimidated by this psychological warfare. Afonso
Dhlakama, its president and commander in chief, reaffirms “the freedom and
independence" of the movement," values "for which RENAMO struggles and will
continue to struggle after victory." He adds:

“Let the superpowers, at the world or regional level, try to impose on us their
vision of their interests or the interest of some groups whose errors of per~
ception they think they can correct with other errors. They willnot succeed.

Appalling Disregard for Portuguese Cooperants

This statement by Afonso Dhlakama was part of a message published in the last
issue of A LUTA CONTINUA, RENANO's information bulletin, which also contained
the full transcription of the reports of Amnesty Internaional, denouncing the
monstrous violations of human rights by the FRELIMO regime. "Although prisoners
who have been sentenced to death by the Revolutionary Military Court may, in
theory, appeal to the chief of state for clemency, there is no indication that
any death penalty has been commuted," notes Amesty International.

As it directly affects Portugal, the civil war in Mozambique continues to reveal
the government's scandalous disregard for the Portuguese cooperants who have
been arrested or who have disappeared. According to the CORRFIO DA MANHA of

11 Narch, the families of Joaquim Moreira de Sousa and Rodrigo Ferreira Azevedo
have gone for 6 months without any precise news of them. The two technicians
from the Construtora do Tamega company were said to have been kidnaped and
murdered by the RENAMO guerrillas in September 1984.

More than once it has been reported that the two men are alive. According to
a brother-in-law of Moreira de Sousa, the management of Construtora do Tamega

51



Moreover, Worker's Card No 1 was presented to the provincial commissar of
Bengo on this occasion.

The establishment in the near future of a commission entrusted with taking a
general census of all the workers in the province was urged.

It should be noted that at the end of the meeting, a motion in support of the
speech delivered by the president of the MPLA-Labor Party and the People's
Republic of Angola, Jose Eduardo dos Santos, at the opening of the First
National Party Conference, was approved.

The motion also rejected the attacks by the puppets in the. pay of the inter-

national imperialists, and reiterated the support of the Angolan people for
the struggle of the national liberation movements, the SWAPO and the ANC.

5157
CsO: 3442/240

13



JPRS-SSA-85-039
ll May 1985

MADAGASCAR

BRIEFS

ROAD LINK IMPROVEMENT--The European Economic Community is about to approve
finance of 5.4 million ECUs (around 3.7 million dollars) for a road project
in Madagascar. The scheme, to be completed in less than two years, is to
make the route between Antananarivo, the capital, Fiananarantsoa in the
centre and the port of Toliary in the southeast passable all the year round.
It will aid the delivery of goods imported at Toliary for the capital, and
the distribution of local livestock and agricultural products such as
cotton. Some 4.4 million ECUs will be provided in the form of a soft loan
under the fifth European Development Fund, and one million ECUs as non-

repayable aid under the fourth EDF. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER
in English 30 Mar 85 p 8]

cs0: 3400/30

42



JPRS~SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

MOZAMBIQUE,

AQUINO DE BRAGANCA ON PORTUGUESE COOPERATION, RENAMO TIES
Lisbon DIARIO DE LISBOA in Portuguese 22 Mar 85 pp l, 7

[Report on interview with Aquino Braganca, director of the Center for African
Studies, of the Fduardo Mondlane University, by E.R. for DIARIO DE LISBOA, in
Lisbon in mid-March 1985]

{text] The need for Portugal to understand that RENAMO
{Mozambican National Resistance] is simply a terrorist movement
in exactly the same sense that this has in Europe, was emphasized
by Aquino de Braganca, director of the Center for African Studies
at the Eduardo Mondlane University in Maputo and a man who is
close to President Samora Machel. Aquino de Braganca, who was
in Lisbon this week on a special fact-finding mission regarding
Portuguese-Mozambican cooperation and RENAMO's “Portuguese
connection," told DIARIO that there were sure signs that the
Portuguese Government was preparing to take a stand against
RENAMO activities on national territory. One indication was
Jaime Gama's assurance that RENAMO Secretary General [vo
Fernandes would not be permitted to enter Portugal in that
capacity.

“The Mozambican authorities have never questioned the Lisbon Government, but
they have indisputable proof that certain Portuguese groups, linked primarily
to the business sector, are financing RENAMO," Aquino de Braganca told DIARTO
DE LISBOA in Lisbon,

Braganca, who was in Lisbon this week on a fact-finding mission connected with
Mozambique's wish to clarify RENAMO's Portuguese connection, also declared that
Maputo is certain that South Africa is still the "central element" in: the destabil-
izing actions against the Samora Machel regime,

The Portuguese involvement "consists primarily in the activity of groups that
are basically interested in recovering economic positions which they had in
Mozambique in colonial times.

“Their interest in RENAMO derives for the illusion that the recovery of their
former privileges will come about through the weakening of FRELIMO and the
creation of a situation which would alter what was settled 10 years ago in the
Lusaka accords,"

46



CP TO FIGHT INCLUSION OF BLACKS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 20 Apr 85 p 4

[Text]

THE Conservative Party
would fight against the in-
clusion of Blacks in the
political system, the par-
ty’s leader, Dr Andries
Treurnicht said.

Dr Treurnicht said his
party was “totally op-
posed to power sharing”
and the State President
could not expect the CP
to assist in finding a way
to accommodate Blacks
in the political system.

He said the CP policy
was one of partition of the
races and political partici-
pation within their own
geographical areas.

“We will support the
Government if they con-
tinue to grant indepen-
dence to separate states,
but we cannot accept the
granting of rights to
Blacks outside _ these
states.

“How can you accom-
modate Blacks other than
by allowing them into
Parliament? What other
way can it be done?”

cso: 3400/40

Dr Treurnicht — said
Blacks would never be

‘satisfied with an informal

forum. He said the White
people of this country had
gained their indepen-
dence and their own Par-
liament, and it was a basic
political principle that if
you started giving away
your power you would
eventually lose it all.

Dr Treurnicht said he
supported the State Presi-
dent in his strong stand
against the ANC and his
efforts to secure the safe-
ty of the people of the
country. :

He read a quotation

from a piece of paper
which he said had been
circulating at the Univer-
sity of the North. The
paper stated that 19 brave
men, women and children
ahd been killed by police
while taking part in a
peaceful demonstration in
Uitenhage, and 42 chil-
dren of apartheid had
died in the Westdene bus
accident.

Dr Treurnicht said this
was an example of the
sick attitude and spirit of
the people with whom a
peaceful settlement had
to be negotiated.

75

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-85-039
1l May 1985

ANGOLA

UNTITA DESERTERS DESCRIBE ACTIVITIES, EXPERIENCES
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 16 Mar 85 p 3

[Interview with captured UNITA personnel; date and place not given]

[Text] In the pursuit of the battle without quarter against the UNITA puppet
band in the pay of Pretoria, our defense and security forces are consistently
inflicting major defeats on the enemy. This is the reason for the discourage-
ment in and desertion from the ranks of the traitors.

Last February, our forces captured a number of bandits in large-scale opera-
tions in the province of Bengo. Among them were some popular elements who
surrendered voluntarily.

With a view to bringing the people up to date on events, a team of reporters
from this newspaper went to that province to collect statements from the cap-
tured bandits, as well as the popular elements who presented themselves to our
authorities.

The first individual we interviewed, Luciano Antonio, 28, a member of Battal-
ion 517, answered our questions as follows.

[Question] In what year did you join the UNITA, and what functions did you
take on in that anti-Angolan group?

. [Answer] I did not join the UNITA voluntarily. I was captured and forced to
join. In the UNITA, I transported munitions and sometimes food stolen from
the people.

[Question] Where did you receive your military training and who were your
instructors?

[Answer] I never received military training.

[Question] In what military operations did you participate and who was your
commander?

[Answer] I participated in three operations, that in Lucala, that in Ucua,
and immediately afterwards that in Balassende. The commander of my battalion
was Major Ngongo.



JPRS~SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

MOZAMBIQUE.

DHLAKAMA: RENAMO NOT INTIMIDATED BY PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE
lisbon 0 DIABO in Portuguese 26 Mar 85 p 17

[Text] More than 1,000 casualties inflicted on the goverument
forces, including the dead, wounded and captured, as well as the
capture or destruction of about 17 tons of weapons and 250 trucks
and tanks: this is the general tally presented by the Mozambican
National Resistance (KENAMO) fron the operations conducted between
20 February and 20 March, in 5 of the country's 10 provinces.

“n France, meanwhile, RENAMO Secretary General Evo Fernandes
declared that the guerrillas are closing in on the Mozambican
capital, and admitted that it would be the target of an attack
in May, at the end of the rainy season.

The detailed account in the aforementioned RENAMO military communique notes a
rebel attack on the important port of Nacala, in the north, and another inter-
ruption of the electric power line te Maputo, coinciding with the first amui-
versary of the N'Komati Accord.

Another RENAMO communique vehemently denies statements by Roelof "Pik"

Kotha, foreign affairs minister of the Republic of South Africa, according to
which RENAMO has a "Portuguese component" (which no one believes, the communique
says in passing) and is linked to groups of smugglers and counterfeiters and

to large companies.

“RENAMO," says the communique, "is a national organization which is struggling
against the Soviet imperialism embodied in FRELIMO and against any type of
vegional expansionism, already demonstrated by the Republic of South Africa
when a prominent official in its Foreign Ministry declared that "the port of
Maputo is the natural port for the ‘fransvaal."

Incidentally, the refuted statements of Minister Botha were part of a group
of statements and positions by the Pretoria government, meant to insure the
good relations with the Marxist FREIJMO regime which were foreseen in the
unproductive N'Komati Accord.

Several observers have interpreted the present South African position to mean

that Pretoria has gone the limit in yielding to North American pressures. For
example, Presidnt Pieter Botha has already admitted that his country could

50



Indebtedness of Citizens Reportedly Grows
(THE CITIZEN, 19 Apr 85)...

General Motors Plans To Stay Put
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Apr 85)..

Government Urged To Encourage Schools for All Races
(THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)..

Recession Has 'Devastating' Effect on Blacks
(THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)..

Rugby Official on NZ Team's Tour, UDF Protest
(Pieter Coetzee; THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)..

Minister Welcomes Kiwi Decision To Make Tour
(THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)... ececececsceececceceeeeceeses see

Reaction To NZ Tour Decision Reported
(Brian Stuart, Sapa; THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)......eseeeeee

Influx Control Policy Reconsidered
(THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)...... sepeeceeceee

Zulu Leader Lashes PFP for Unrest Remarks
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Apr 85).....

All Population Groups To Get Common ID
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Apr 85)....-eeeeeee

Increased Foreign Investment Reported
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Apr 85)..

Academic Warns of Effects of PW's 'Dual Role’
(THE CITIZEN, 19 Apr 85)....

"Man-In-Street' Supports Abolition of Mixed Marriages Act
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Apr 85)......eeeeeeee be eeeseeeeeeeceeeees

Natal Lauds Chief Buthelezi's Efforts
“(THE CITIZEN, 20 Apr 85)...... eee eee eee eee eee eee

Van der Wall on Improving Economic Conditions of Blacks
(Brian Stuart; THE CITIZEN, 19 Apr 85)...-.ccececeeeeseeve

CP To Fight Inclusion of Blacks

(THE CITIZEN, 20 Apr 85)....eeececencccccecceecece seeeeeee
SOWETAN Discusses Black vs Black Violence
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 10 Apr 85).......eeeeee eee e eee eeceeee
-d-

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76



INFLUX CONTROL POLICY RECONSIDERED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 4

[Text]

HOUSE OF _ REP-
RESENTATIVES. = —
The Government was re-
considering the influx
control policy to allow
Blacks greater mobi!
depending on availibility
of housing and employ-
ment, the Minister of Co-
operation and Develop-
ment, Dr Gerrit Viljoen,
said.

In reply to a question
by Mr Jac Rabie (LP Rei-
gerpark) the Minister said
that with the exception of
illegal squatters, no
Blacks would be removed
until existing policy had
been reviewed.

However, illegal sqaut-
ters would not be toler-
ated.

In a further question,
Mr Rabie asked if the
Minister could give an as-
surance that bulldozers
would no longer be used.

Mr Viljoen said he
could not commit himself
to specific future actions
but would sce to it that
removals were conducted
humanely and with re-
straint.

He also referred to a
comment made by the
State President, Mr P W
Botha recently, that such
removals should be acco-

cso: 3400/40

mained by an improve-
ment in the living condit-
ions of the people con-
cerned.

Mr Tommy Abrahams
(LP, Wentworth) asked
the Minister if further in-
flux control legislation
would be introduced dur-
ing the present session of
Parliament.

The Minister said is was
very unlikely but that a
working group was con-
ducting on urgent investi-
gation into it.

He said he hoped draft
legislation would be. sub-
mitted later this year for
consideration by the rele-
vent standing committee
for introduction in the
1986 Parliamentary ses-
sion. ~

67

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



Pro-Taki Party Formed

A new Comorian opposition party, the Union Nationale pour la
Démocratie aux Comores (UNDC) was formed in France this week. The man
behind it is Mohamed TAKI, president of the-Comorian federal assembly,
who has now broken openly with head of state Ahmed ABDALLAH. Although Mr
TAKI holds no official post in the new party, which has attracted
defectors from the French branch of the ruling Union Comorienne pour le
Progrés, he was highly praised by UNDC chairman Amoisse ASSOUMANI in a
statement announcing the founding of the movement.

CSO: 3400/30

22



MINISTER WELCOMES KIWI DECISION TO MAKE TOUR

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 4

[Text]

HOUSE OF AS-
SEMBLY. — The New
Zealand Rugby Union's
decision to send a team to
tour South Africa was
welcomed yesterday by
the Deputy Minister of;
National Education, Mr!
Pierre Cronje.

“Iam extremely pleas-
ed by their (the union's)
courageous decision — in
the face of tremendous
Pressure — to go ahead
and send a team,” he said
in a committee stage de-
bate on the National Edu-
cation Budget Vote.

“The interests of sport
have transcended the in-
terests of politics,” he
added, saying the issues
of sport and culture were
being used to try to iso-
late South Africa.

Despite these pressures
South Africa was suc-
ceeding in countering
“this campaign of animos-
ity.”

The department's own :
sport advancement officer

cso: 3400/40

abroad was building valu-
able contacts and disxemi-
nating information about
the true state of sport in
the country and the sport-
ing bodies’ “ambassador”

Mr Eddie Barlow was
also doing sterling work.

“In the past year, de-
spite the attempts to iso-
late us, 961 South African
sportsmen __ representing
48 different forms of sport
visited 29 foreign coun-
tries.

“And the international
sporting world rec
cated: 2 972 international
sportsmen from 53 coun-
tries representing 51
forms of sport visited
South Africa.”

Mr Cronje said that
while he was hosting. 60
foreign anglers recently
one had told him all
would leave as “staunch
ambassadors” for South
Africa.

This form of “silent di-
plomacy” was succeeding

65

in countering the at-
tempts to isolate the Re-
public.

On the cultural level
too, South Africa was
succeeding in liaison in-
ternationally.

In the current financial
year 25 foreign cultural
leaders would have been
the guests of his depart-
ment, and such peopl
variably told him without
being asked that they had
gained a favourable im-
pression of the country.

‘The many youth and
other exchange program-
mes and contributions by
South Africans at inter-
natiinal congresses and
arts festivals also contrib-
uted.

Mr Cronje said more
should be done to pro-
mote Afrikaans abroad as
“an export product.” The
youngest of the Germanic
languages should, howev-
er, be promoted as a
“friendly language, .not

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

one associated with op-
pression.”

Some R750 000 had
been budgeted by his de-
partment to promote
Afrikaans overseas,
where it was studicd at
several universities.


JPRS-SSA-85-039

1l May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

ANGOLA WITHDRAWAL GIVES SOUTH AFRICA EDGE FOR CUBAN REMOVAL

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Apr 85 p 13

{Article by Brian Stuart]

[Text]

The withdrawal of South

African forces from An-;

gola is expected to give
South Africa a_ political
edge in demanding the re-
moval of Cuban troops,
as a step towards inde-
pendence for South West
Afric

This has been confirm-
ed by Mr Pik Botha, Min-
ister of Foreign Affairs.
But he declined to com-
ment further, pending a
major statement which
the State President, Mr P
W Botha, is due to make
in Parliament tomorrow.

Of the effect SA troop
withdrawals from Angola
would have on indepen-
dence for SWA, Mr Bo-
tha said: “Of course there
have been discussions.
But this is a very import-
ant matter and the State
President will deal with it.

“T will make no com-!
ment until the State Presi-
dent makes his announce-
ment.”

He confirmed that Dr.
Chester Crocker, US
Assistant Secretary of
State, had presented
South Africa and Angola
with “a sct of ideas” on
troop withdrawals from
Angola, and these were

cso: 3400/40

being consideréd by both
governments.

Mr Botha told a Press
conference in Cape Town
yesterday that Cuban
withdrawal was a_pre-
requisite for the imple-
mentation of Resolution
435.

“As far as we are con-
cerned, and the Ameri-
cans are concerned, and I
believe to a lesser degree
some European govern-
ments are Concerned, we
must first have an agree-
ment on Cuban withdra-
wal. That remains the
South African Govern-
ment's position.” t

Asked why South Afri-»
ca had “unilaterally” or-
dered disengagement of
South African forces from
southern Angola, Mr Bo-

cumstances, we stand to
gain more politically, to
put it bluntly, by diseng-
aging to the border.”
The withdrawal of
South African security
forces would place a
greater responsibility on
Angola to ensure that
Swapo did not step up its
violence against SWA.
“Last December we
had evidence of a large-

scale southward thrust by
Swapo --- they usually do
so during the rainy sea-
son. The rainy season is
now drawing to a close
and we feel that the Swa-
po threat has been effec-
tively repulsed.

“We are aware of con-
tinuing Swapo activity.
We had to weigh the rela-
tive security threat
against the political ad-
vantages of withdrawing
now.

“The Minister of De-
fence (General Magnus
Malan) and J are agreed
that the political advan-
tages are greater than the
security advantages.”

“We are not jeopardis-
ing our security interests. ,
Should it be necessary,
security forces can take
appropriate action against
Swapo from the border.

Mr Botha said th
Monitoring Com:
(JMC) had performed a
valuable service as a fo-
rum in which to discuss
problems and “to pass on
messages to the two gov-
ernments”,

‘The body had been set
up last year to oversee the
implementation of an
agreement for the mutual
withdrawal of forces. He
felt it would be in the in-*

58

terests of both sides for
the JMC or some sintilar
bouy to continue after
South Africa’s withdrawal
by th end of this week.

However, there were
“other methods of com-
munication”.

Mr Botha said that
while he expected South
Africa to receive at least
“a little credit” for with-
drawing, he — believed
ptessure would — now
i: mount to get South Africa
jout of SWA for the imple-
mentation of Resolution

5.

He also believed it
would lead to a step-up in
American pressure for
the withdrawal of Cuban
troops from Angola.

It was on these issues
that he told the Press:
“Let us wait until the
State President makes an
“announcement.”



We then talked with Filipe Luau Culembalala, 20, whose mother, Firmina
Nacunha, was barbarously assassinated by the puppet gangs in the commune of
Kakoma, municipality of Ukuma.

"I volunteered since we cannot continue to allow the enemies of our revolution
to go on disturbing the calm we so much desire. They attack our settlements
and kill women, children and old people. What do these puppets want? We must
not give these bandits a minute of rest. It is necessary to put an end to
these puppets, who while fleeing confrontation with our FAPLA, commit the kind
of vile crimes as were committed in Kakoma, when I lost my mother. I am ready
to contribute my all to the complete annihilation of these foreigners, because
they do not have the right to life."

Finally, we talked with Constantino Sapalo, 18. He told us: "The defense of
the threatened fatherland is the task of all the people, mainly the youth,
because otherwise it will be we who are responsible for the defense of the
revolution and the hard-won conquests of our people. Thus the participation
of all the young people becomes necessary, so that not an inch of land will be
left to the enemy."

The atmosphere and the enthusiasm we saw at the recruiting center in the
commune of Sao Pedro characterize. all the young people covered by military
service, and this makes it clear that the goals of the imperialists in our
country will come up against the invincible combat determination of our
people.

5157
CSO: 3442/240

15



CZECHOSLOVAK DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION LAUDED

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 29 Mar 85 pl

[Excerpt]

The financial, scientific and tech-
nical collaboration of the Czecho-
slovak Social'st Republic with Revo-
lutionary Ethiopia’s Socio-economic
Development Programme was diseri-
bed here yesterday laudable.

Comrade Wolle Chekol, member of
the CC of WPE and Min‘ster of For-
eign Trade, made the observation
when briefing reporters on the out
come of the recent joint session of
the Ethio-Czzchoslovak Commission
on cconomic, scientific, technical
and trade co-operation.

Comrade Wolle, who is also co-
chairman of the Joint Commission,
mentioned the Harar Beer Factory,
the. Komboltcha Textile Mill and

cso: 3400/39

other development projects as direct
outcomes of the co-operation agree-
ment since the Commsision was esta-
blished in 1981. He said that recent:
ly the joint Commission  aszes-
sed development initiatives take
en since the commission’s last mcet-
ing end that new: co-operation agree-
ments were signed.

The Minister pointed out that an
agreement was signed to expand the
production capacity of the Czecho-
slvak assisted Mojo: Tannery and
that another accord has beon reach-
ed to implement successful project
studies in the field of mine explora-
tion cerried out by Czechoslovak ex-
perts,

32

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ETHIOPIA



was hoping that the two cooperants would be released’ in December or January.
Inquiries by their families to the Red Cross and the president of the republic
have been fruitless. It is really an intolerable situation. We do not believe
that RENAMO would refuse to give the Red Cross some idea of what had happened
to the two Portuguese if they were being held captive. We do not believe
that the president of the republic cannot ask his friend Samora Machel if the
story of the murder of the two cooperants by the guerrillas is true or just
another sordid maneuver in the psychological warfare which FRELIMO is accustomed
to using. In any event, it is intolerable that the Portuguese authorities remain
passive in the face of the situation created for our countrymen in Mozambique,
whether by RENAMO or by FRELIMO, It is intolerable and shameful.

6362
CSO: 3442/246

52



PORTUGUESE POLICE ACCUSED OF RACISM -- Border police personnel are stationed

at the Lisbon Airport "in order quite ostensibly to go after Angolans or
Angolan diplomats," it. says in a telex sent today to Luanda by a member of

the Embassy of Angola. The telex was sent to the Angolan foreign ministry by
the first secretary of the Angolan Embassy in Lisbon, Helder Mingas, who says
that he was hospitalized last Saturday as a result of action taken by personnel
of the Portuguese Customs Police when he was at the Lisbon airport seeing his
family off. According to the report contained in the telex, Helder Mingas

was shoved and received pushes and insults from some members of the Customs Po-
lice. Helder Mingas believes that the presence of this personnel along

with personnel from the Emigration Service deprives the Embassy of Angola

in Lisbon "of some of the guarantees to which Angolan leaders and officials

are entitled to as they pass through that airport." The telex from Helder
Mingas which was released today in Lisbon by ANGOP /ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY/
states that the attitude adopted toward him was "clearly racist and hateful,
something which is possible only on the part of persons who, having been

in Angola during colonial times, still display a certain hostile behavior."
/Text/ /Lisbon A TARDE in Portuguese 29 Mar 85 p 4/ 5058

CSO: 3442/248

18



TREASON TRIAL~-The trial of 14 men appearing on treason charges was referred
to the Rand Supreme Court for trial when they appeared in a Johannesburg
magistrate court yesterday. The 14 were not asked to plead and an indictment
on the first three accused was submitted. The three are Mr Jabu Nogobese,
Mr Xolani Nduna and Mr Zanemvula Mapela. There was drama after the magis-
trate had referred the case to the Supreme Court. The accused started sing-
ing and were joined by well-wishers, friends and supporters who had crammed
the courtroom. The trial date for the Supreme Court hearing is May 20. The
other accused are: Mr Sipho Ngwenya, Mr Joseph Leepile, Mr Justice Ngidi,
Mr Matlare Lesotho, Mr Matthews Kekana, Mr Kingsley Sithole, Mr James
Dubazi, Mr Jongumzi Sisulu, Mr Happy Mkhefa, Mr David Matsose and Mr Joseph
Maja. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 19 Apr 85 p 2]

SEBE FLAYS ANC, UDF--The African National Congress and United Democratic Front
came under fire in the Ciskei National Assembly yesterday over the outbreaks
of violence in South Africa. Opening the fifth session of the Assembly here,
President Lennox Sebe said the Ciskei had been deeply shocked by recent
unrest in the Republic. "Externally, the Western nations seek to impose
economic boycotts, and the American Senate is considering legislation aimed
at promoting disinvestment and favours economic sanctions. Internally, the
UDF and ANC are bent on violence, terrorism and destruction," he said.
President Sebe said the people of Southern Africa looked to the government
of the day to take the initiative, put an end to violent confrontation, and
bring leaders of all sections of the community to the conference table in
times such as these. [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 19 Apr 85 p 6]

TAIWAN BUYING MISSION--Representatives of the Departmental Stores of Taiwan
will visit South Africa from April 21 to May 3, to buy South African products
for sale in 16 of their stores during a series of South Africe weeks in
Taiwan in December. In a statement yesterday, the South Africa-Republic of
China Chamber of Economic Relations said this would be a repeat of a similar
highly successful project in Taiwan in 1984. "These representatives wish to
meet South African suppliers of a variety of consumer products with a view
to placing orders," the statement said.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE
CITIZEN in English 19 Apr 85 p 31]

SABC MONETARY LOSS--Cape Town--The SABC ran at a loss of R1,6 million last
year, the corporation said in its 1984 report, tabled yesterday. This defi-
cit, on expenditure of R336 million, came after a 1983 surplus of R17,7
million. Licence income, at R77,1 million, was R10 million up on 1983. The
contribution of licence fees to the income of the SABC had, however, shown a
downward trend over the past few years, and now accounted for a fifth of the
total. Advertising, the SABC's main source of income, increased by 18 percent

to R232,5 million, and contributed 63,8 percent of the total. The report
said the "stringent economy" placed great strain on the total pool of avail-
able advertising funds in the country, and matters would probably be more
difficult in 1985. It was clear from projections that the SABC would come
under even greater strain in the next few years.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 20 Apr 85 p 10]

CsO: 3400/41

85



JPRS-SSA-85-039
1i May 1985

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

SOVIET CONSIGNMENT--An agreement for the delivery here of construction
equipment, and various items of clothing including blankets, in accordance
with the agreement reached earlier between the governments of Socialist
Ethiopia and the Soviet Union was signed here yesterday. The consignment
is to reach here during 1985, according to the accord signed at a ceremony
held at the Relief and Rehabilitation Commission. The agreement was signed
by Comrade Berhanu Deressa, Deputy Commissioner of the RRC, and the Economic
Counsellor in the Soviet Embassy. (ENA) [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN
HERALD in English 17 Mar 85 p 6]

LIVESTOCK EXPORT--Dire Dawa (ENA)--A day-long meeting was held here recently
to work out plans for the quantitative and qualitative enhancement of
Ethiopian livestock slated for the export market. Organized by the Ministry
of State Farms Development, the high-level meeting noted the impressive
foreign exchange earning capacity of Ethiopian livestock and assessed the
invaluable experience gained from the campaign conducted in July and August
of last year to boost this earning potential. Comrade Yosef Muleta, member
of the CC of WPE and Minister of State Farms Development, and Comrade Wolle
Chekol, member of the CC of WPE and Minister of Foreign Trade, pointed out
that the share of livestock resources to the country's economy amounted to
only 10 per cent and said the improvement and expansion of this enormous
resource has been given emphasis in the agricultural sector of the Ten-year
Perspective Plan. The ministers noted that the livestock sector plays an
important part in efforts towards strengthening the national economy. Com-
rade Kassaye Aragaw, member of the CC of WPE and First Secretary of the WPE
Committee for Hararghe region, said on his part that every effort is being
made to meet the region's quota of providing cattle for export and to put a
stop to the illicit export of livestock. [Excerpt] [Addis Ababa THE
ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 26 Mar 85 pp 1, 5]

HUNGARIAN COOPERATION--A three-year co-operation agreement in the sphere of
expert assistance and manpower training was signed between Revolutionary
Ethiopia and the People's Republic of Hungary in accordance with the scien-
tific and technical co-operation between the two countries. This was stated
by Comrade Aklilu Afework, Head of the Production Sector of the National
Committee for Central Planning (NCCP), with the rank of Commissioner, in a
statement he gave yesterday on arrival at Bole International Airport after
signing the agreement in Budapest. Comrade Aklilu said that some 30 experts

39



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

RAND DAILY VIEWS POSSIBILITIES OF MARRIAGE ACT
MB170952 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 17 Apr 85 p 5.
[Editorial: "The Cracks Are Showing"]

[Text] What the government gives with one hand it seeks to cling to tena-
ciously with the other. In explaining its intention to scrap the Mixed
Marriages Act and Section 16 of the Immorality Act, the minister of home
affairs, Mr F. W. de Klerk, was at pains to emphasize that the move in no
way undermined the key to apartheid--racial separation.

The edifice of apartheid, which was built in the years following the promul-
gation of the two laws, ensured "group identity" and racial separation, he
said.

While some of the rhetoric is no doubt aimed at preempting a rightwing back-
lash against the dropping of the obnoxious statutes, Mr de Klerk made it
clear that the central tenet of National Party philosophy remained inviolate:
there were clearly definable racial groupings whose interests were best
served by different structures, political, social and until quite recently,
economic.

It might be churlish to say that the rather amorphously defined "white"
group holds a monopoly of effective power, but then there are times to be
churlish. The reality that we are just about nowhere on the road of power-~
sharing cannot be avoided.

Ironically, while the National Party clings to a discredited philosophical
base, it has, nevertheless, provided the bases for seriously challenging its
own laws and regulations.

Where will "mixed" couples live? Where will their children be educated?
For whom will they vote? Each of these questions means the government must
start ducking and diving with central legislation like the Group Areas Act
and the Population Register.

As the MAIL has said for many years, apartheid is not a viable policy. The
government's partial, and in many respects courageous recognition of this
has opened new possibilities. They must be built upon.

CsO: 3400/34
80



i

Storm damage
The S A Insurance As-
sociation released figures
yesterday showing that
the disastrous storms that

chit parts of South Africa

last year have proved a
considerable factor in the
increase of certain insur-
ance rates.

A total of R110-million
in claims had been met
for storm damage last
year.

The claims arose from
the severe Vereeniging’
and Reef storms last
November, Cyclones Do- :
moina and Imboa, hail- |
storms at Bethal, Pretoria |
and Kriel, and storms in:
the Cape last May. :

Storms at Vereeniging
and on the Reef alone led
to an estimated R17-mil-
lion for vehicle damage
alone.

Claims for damage to
households and homes
totalled nearly R24-mil-
lion — almost three times
that of the previous year.

Damage in the industri-
al, commercial and other
sectors totalled R86-mil-
lion, a more than sixfold
increase over 1983. 1

In the fire, houseown-!
ers and combined policy
sector, insurers paid out
an average of RI,34
against each R1,00 receiv-
ed in premiums last year.

It is this which has
given rise to announce-
ments by major compan-
ies of considerable in-
creases in insurance pre-
miums for householdets
and combined policies,
while vehicle insurance is.
also increasing.

cso: 3400/40

57



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SABC TO INTRODUCE TELEVISED DATA SERVICE
MB220619 Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 21 Apr 85 p 2
[Article by Neil Hooper]

[Text] SATV plans to introduce a special data service enabling viewers to
read the news and other information such as the Stock Exchange prices on
their home screens.

The director-general of SABC, Mr Riaan Eksteen, said this week that an
announcement about the new service would be made in about three weeks.

A brief reference is made to the new system in the annual report of the
corporation tabled in Parliament this week.

The system will be different from the existing Beltel service which operates
over a telephone network.

The SABC system relies on a broadcast signal to bring information to tele-
vision.

The SUNDAY TIMES established that all owners of TV sets will be able to pick
up the service.

It will be telecast free of charge for about an hour during the period that
the SATV test-pattern is normally screened.

Viewers will see a news scroll, prepared by the SATV news staff, and other
information such as the quoted prices on the Stock Exchange, but they will
have no control over the scrolling.

But fee-paying subscribers will have terminals which will enable them to

call up the service at any time-~even when TV programmes are on the screen--
and scroll through to required information at any time.

1

cso: 3400/34

81



UNION ANGERED BY LAYOFFS

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 30 Mar 85 p 2

[Text]

THE National Union of Commercial and Indus-:
triat Workers (NUCIW) has strongly criticised
the management of Zambia Pork Products
(ZAPP) for not consulting it before sending
more than 100 employees on forced leave this

month,

NCIW assistant admini-
strative secretary, Mr
Harry Zulu sald in Lusaka
yesterday that the Unton’s
area office in Lusaka only
came to learn about the
matter through the Press.

As a result, the union
decided to intervene and
find out what was actually
happening and how the
matter could best be handl-
ed.

Letters to employees on
March 8 but dated March 4
and signed by ZAPP per-
sonnel manager, Mr C.A.J.
Njobvu said they would
resumé their compulsory
leave on March 11.

But Mr Zulu said that
after the union interven-
tion into the issue, it had
been agreed with manage-
ment that the workers’
leave would now start on
April 1.

“This would enable the
affected workers to get
thelr full pay for March

cso: 3400/025

while the union and the
management continue to
look into the matter.””

What angered the union
more was that the ZAPP
management had decided
‘ waite letters on the fate

the we
shalt ect
the company instead of
informing the area office.

“We have rejected the
action that the ZAPP.
management has taken.’

He sald "the “ZAPP
management should have
followed the example of the
Cold Storage Board of Zam-
bia (CSBZ) which éntered
into consultations with the
union before declaring
some of ‘its workers re-
dundant.

The union had a director
of research based tn Kitwe
who carried out investiga-
tions with any establish-
ment wishing to lay off
employees before approv-
ing or disapproving any
such move.

116

JPRS-SSA-85~-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA



JPRS-SSA-85-039
i May 1985

ETHIOPIA

SCIENTIFIC COURSE ENROLLMENT FIGURES GIVEN

Addis Ababa SINET NEWSLETTER in English Jul-Dec 84 pp 8-9
[Text] Faculty Highlights (July-December, 1984)

I) Statistics of Science Graduates

a) July,1984 B.Sc. Graduates b) October,1984 B.Sc. Graduates

Department Sex Department Sex
M F Total : M I F Total

Biology 43 413 56 Biology 6 1 7
Chemistry 53,10 63 Chemistry 5 1 6
Geology 51 4 55 Mathematics g - 93
Mathematics 41 3 44 Physics 1 - 1
Physics $4 6 60 Statistics 3 1 4
Statistics 34 2 36

Total J 24 | 3 27

c) July,1984 M.Sc. Graduates

Oepartment Sex
TM F |Total
se a
Biology 2 1 3
Chemistry 3 - 3
Geology - - -
Mathematics 3 1 4
Physics 2 1 3
Statistics oe - -
~-- Total. $10 43.413
26



lective defense, the military-scientific cadres of the fraternal
armies work out important problems related both to the na-
tional defence of the state as well as the collective defence of
the socialist community.”

Could Bulgaria be seen as another military surrogate for the
Soviet Union as a possible replacement for a Cuban force?

cso: 3400/29



JPRS-SSA-85-039
1l May 1985

GHANA

REPATRIATION OF 300,000 CITIZENS FROM NIGERIA DISCUSSED

AB180950 Accra Domestic Service in English 0700 GMT 18 Apr 85
\

[From the press review]

[Text] The GRAPHIC highlights the disclosure by Ghana's high commissioner
in Nigeria that about 300,000 Ghanaians living in Nigeria have been affected
by the Federal Government's quit order. Commenting on the expulsion order,
the GRAPHIC says it is a very tough undertaking for an accredited envoy to a
foreign country to look after the interests and welfare of the citizens
residing in his country of accreditation, and the magnitude of this prospect
can defy an apt description if the envoy is having to deal with a recalci-
trant and hollow-headed lot. The paper notes that this is the situation in
which Brigadier (Retired) Adu-Bediako, Ghana's high commissioner in Nigeria,
finds himself. It says the envoy is now in Ghana to consult with the govern-
ment over the repatriation from Nigeria of about 300,000 Ghanaians who have
been expelled for not possessing the requisite resident papers.

The paper recalls that it is a little over 2 years when over 1 million
Ghanaians who were expelled from the same country went through harrowing
experiences to get back home. It says when the dust settled over that
event, the admonishment went out asking the departed Ghanaians to stay home
and help to rebuild the nation. Some of them heeded the advice and stayed
behind and have not regretted because they are. in various productive ven-
tures which are yielding them dividends. However, the paper says, those of
them who thought they were clever and did not realize that the whole African
Continent is going through hard times economically still considered Nigeria
as a land of milk and honey and went back. And now the reality of the sit-
uation has dawned on them as they are faced with a more difficult situation.
This is because some of them have not been paid their salaries for.a long
time, their services have been dispensed with, resident permits have been
withdrawn, the land routes are still closed, and they cannot get out by air
for this or that reason. According to the paper, all this was done by a
government which wants to improve the lot of the citizenry and it cannot be
faulted for the gesture.

However, the GRAPHIC repeats the warning after the first episode that recalci-
trant Ghanaians who would opt out again should not expect a repetition of the
cordial welcome and reception accorded them as in 1983. It maintains that
this second episode is the last straw, for the country cannot go on funding
homeward trips of recalcitrants and hollow-headed people. The GRAPHIC con-
tends that enough is enough.

cso: 3400/33
. 41



BULGARIAN ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA NOTED

Johannesburg ARMED FORCES in English Mar 85 p 5

[Article by D. G. Santos]
[Text]

Bulgaria ls emerging as a power In the communist system and-
appears to enjoy the best of relationships with Moscow. Since’
1970 there have been startling economic and. industria!
developments in the country, with Bulgaria being used as an
example of the success of the Soviet system. However, it is in
the role of a supplier of expertise to under and un-developed
countries that Bulgaria is carving a place for itself in the
Eastern Bloc of countries. in the late seventies neary 10,000
Bulgarians were working in Libya as advisers and specialists
and since then Bulgarian teams of specialists have been ap-
pearing in ever Increasing numbers in more and more African
Countries. To provide a foundation for this ald numerous
treaties and pacts have been formed. These have ranged from
undertakings of scientific and economic nature to a com-
prehensive plan produced for the rationalisation of use of the
water of the Limpopo basin for Mozambique. The fact that a
number of military treaties have been entered Into has been
soft-pedalled by the Bulgarian media. An example of this is
an agreement that exists between Angola and Bulgarla of a
military nature. While no details of the pact are available, last
year the Angolan Defence Minister Tone visited Sofia. A
similar type of agreement exists between Mozambique and
Bulgaria. With a standing defence structure of 150,000
Bulgaria has a far higher ratio of soldiers to population (9
million) than the other Warsaw Pact members. Military
students place a high rating on the Bulgarian armed forces
and point out that in relation to the NATO forces the
Bulgarians have a higher degree of mobility and their units
possess more armour than the NATO equivalents. The army
has extensive and very close ties with the Soviet military
machine. The present Minister of Defence, Dobri Dzhuro, is a
graduate of the Frunze Institute and the Academy of the
Soviet General Staff. Writing recently on Bulgarian military
philosophy, Colonel Ivan Filchev wrote: “The contemporary
international character of military defense by no menas
signifies one outht to ignore national military thought. On the
contrary, while being guided by the common principles of col-

JPRS-SSA~85-039
11 May 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS


LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION INDUSTRY ANALYZED

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 26 Mar 85 pp 2, 3

{Article by Pascal Alexandre]

[Text]

As the largest livestock producing
country in Africa, Ethiopia is in a po-
sition to improve the food supply of
its people in terms of meat and milk,
and the contribution of animals to ag-
riculture.

Both meat and milk are high quali-
ty foods, with a Jarge potential demand
from the growing population. Even
in the arid zone, where. eropping is

impracticable over millions of hectares _

of Jand, the vegetation of shurbs and
other perennial plants can help main-
tain large enough herds to meet part

of the protein needs of consumers in’

urban and rural areas. i
But on the whole, farmers continue

to be reticent about’ improving their °

stocks, since the introduction of new
types into established flocks would en-
tail management conditions that are
clearly beyond their means, In fact,
incomes generated by traditional cattle-
raising are too low to finance the pur-
chase of relatively expensive animals.

For a better understanding of the
situation, the problem of livestock
production should be analysed in the
different contexts of pastoral, village,
small town and small-holder farms.

Nomadic life permits a mors effis
cient use of resouress, in that even on
lands which are too dry for cultiva-
tion, substantial herds mannge to sur-
vive on roughage: and non-conven-
tional forages. Pestoral drovers have
recess to zones of higher rainfall when
food and water are in short supply
ise where.

On the other hand, animals may
have to walk long distances and com-
pete for insufficent water and grazing.
Moreover, nomadic patterns are being
disrupted because pastureJands are
either converted for cultivation by
crop farmers or integrated into state-
owned cattle fattening or husbandry
enterprises.

Village Prduction Conditions:

At village or small town level, ani.
mals are kept by households as on
adjunct to the family economy. The
flocks generally consist of two to five

. bovine cattle and a few sheep or goats;

females ar2 in greater number, to en-
sure reproduction and milk yield. But
when they are gathered each morning
to be herded away for grazing and wa-
ter, they make quite an impressive
animal population,

Every now and then, they are allow.

35

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ETHIOPIA


TAZARA TO UNDERGO 10-YEAR REHABILITATION

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 29 Mar 85 p 7

[Text]

THE trouble-torn Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (Tazara) is to
undergo a ten-year rehabilitation programme with overseas aid,
Minister of Power, Transport and Communications Mr Fitzpatrick

Chuula said in Lusaka yesterday.

Mr Chuula said the
programme would be
unveiled in Arusha,
Tanzania at a donors’
meeting to be held
soon.

‘Ihe donors . conference
would be attended by
Western countries most of
whom had _ indicated
willingness to help.

The talks would be
preceded by a board of.
directors meeting and
another one by the council

of ministers.
Tazara has been beset by
many ” problems and

twice has had to suspend
its passenger trains be-
tween = Tanzania = and
Zambia.

Other problems include
the remittance of large
sums of money from
Lusaka to Dar es Salaam.

Tazara has been unable
to meet operational costs
and settle bills. which were
piling up in Tanzania.

In January, Mr Chuula
said quick solutions to
problems afflicting Tazara
were important if the rail

cso: 3400/025

line was’ to realise the
heavy investments Tan-
zania and = Zambia~ had
made in it.

Mr Chuula ‘said Tazara
was an institution which
was wholly owned ‘by the
two countries and it was
important that the two
sidés came together and
ironed out problems as
They arose.

In the same month,
Zambia and. _—_ Tanzania
made some drastic changes
in Tazara administration it
line with other rail lines in
Southern Africa.

Last week general
manager —_ Major-General
Charles Nyirenda said his
organisation was facing a
critical shortage of fuel
because the Bank of Zam-
bia had not remitted more
than K10 million.

Yesterday a three-man
delegation from the Bank
of Tanzania led by
the governor Mr Charles
Nyirabu had talks with the
Bank of Zambia team led
sby, governor Mr David
Phiri.

The talks are expected to
end today.

115

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA


JPRS-SSA-85-039
1l May 1985

ANGOLA

HUAMBO YOUTH STRENGTHENING FAPLA RANKS
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 21 Mar 85 p 3
[Article by Simao Roberto]

[Text] Several hundred young men from the capital municipalities, Kaala and
the commune of Chipipa, ranging from 18 to 25 in age, have recently presented
themselves at the recruiting posts and municipal commissariats to express
their firmness and determination in accordance with the military enrollment
order dated 27 February last and made public by our country's Ministry of
Defense. Thus, as a result of the consciousness-raising sessions carried out
with the officers of various enterprises and in some neighborhoods by the
Huambo Province Recruiting and Mobilization Center (CRM), on the one hand, and
the support given the battle against the armed bandits in the pay of the
Pretoria racists by all the Angolan people, on the other, the city of Huambo
has been the scene of a tremendous movement, beginning on the 15th of this
month, toward the posts where the young men covered by the military service
law are training to strengthen the ranks of the glorious FAPLA [People's Armed
Forces for the Liberation of Angola].

At the center located in the commune of Sao Pedro, which we visited recently,
we talked with the political commissar of the CRM, Capt Henriques Antonio
Macos (Novato), who bore witness to the spirit of the young prerecruits, ready
to defend our territorial integrity and to combat the UNITA puppets with
determination. He stressed that many volunteers have realized that the
primary task at this time is the defense of the threatened fatherland, and
thus they have presented themselves.

He praised the worthy collaboration provided by the municipal recruiting
posts, which have raised the percentage of young people involved in this
enlistment process.

Later we talked with some prerecruits. Paulo Antonio Sopa Salomao, 18, said:
"I look forward with satisfaction to doing my military service, since the war
imposed upon us by the imperialists through the puppet bands will only con-
tribute to slowing our revolutionary process, causing poverty and hunger for
our people. Therefore it becomes urgent to increase the ranks of our soldiers
in the FAPLA in order to wage a serious battle against the lackeys of imper-
ialism."

14



[Question] What were the objectives sought in attacking the localities you
mentioned?

[Answer] The commanders wanted us to occupy the munipality of Lucala.
[Question] Did they succeed in occupying these localities?

[Answer] Not at all! Shortly afterward the FAPLA [People's Armed Forces for
the Liberation of Angola] appeared, and the UNITA could not resist the offen-
sive thrust. We retreated to the jungle, leaving the dead and military equip-
ment in the field. This was in Lucala. In Ucua, the FAPLA resistance was
stubborn, and we never succeeded in putting a foot there. After a few minutes
of battle, we fled into the jungle.

[Question] When were you captured by the FAPLA?

{Answer] I was captured last month (February) in the province of Bengo.
[Question] Do you support the concepts of the UNITA?

[Answer] No.

[Question] Why didn't you abandon it then?

[Answer] For lack of means. There are many who want to leave the ranks of
the counterrevolution because of disagreement with its ideas, and because they
are discouraged by the false promises and the privations. But they lack the
means and the initiative and they fear the presumed retaliation by our author-
ities because of the deceitful propaganda of the UNITA heads.

[Question] How are you being treated here?

[Answer] I am being well treated, and I have already begun my reading and
writing classes.

[Question] Have you nothing to say to those who remain in the jungle, still
fearful of surrendering themselves?

[Answer] Well, I urge all those who are in the jungle to surrender to the
FAPLA. They will be well treated. ‘They will be neither shot nor mistreated.
On the contrary, they will find brotherhood, love and forgiveness among their
brothers, contrary to the UNITA propaganda.

The second individual we interviewed, Paulo Ceteco, is 33, a native of Mungo,
in the province of Huambo. He was also taken into the ranks of the UNITA gang
by force. He explained the difficulties and privations he experienced as a
captive of the puppets.

In what he said, our interlocutor made clear the desperation which has devel-
oped among the bandits in the UNITA as a result of the increasing desire of
its soldiers to reject the ideas and the criminal goals "made up" by Savimbi
and his sponsors, which have nothing to do with serving the Angolan people.



Mob Violence Casualty. Statistics Given
(Tony Stirling; THE CITIZEN, 18 Apr 85)......seccececeeeee

RAND DAILY Views Possibilities of Marriage Act
(Editorial; RAND DAILY MAIL, 17 Apr 85)...ccceecesceceeecs

SABC To Introduce Televised Data Service
(Neil Hooper; SUNDAY TIMES, 21 Apr 85)......ccececcccecees

Briefs
Heunis on Black Authorities Extension
Satellite Use for Rural Areas
Hendrickse on 'Fear of Domination’
U. S. Reaction to Namibia Plan
Incidents of Unrest Reported
Deputy Minister Announces Resignation
Black Constitutional Reform
Multiracial Council
Foreign Investment Rise
Solidarity Hits Army
Swapo's ‘Atheism’
Treason Trial
Sebe Flays ANC, UDF
Taiwan Buying Mission
SABC Monetary Loss

SWAZILAND

Minister Mnisi Meets Italian Ambassador
(THE SWAZI OBSERVER, 12 Apr 85).....scscececceccsccscccces

Reconstruction Program Cost Estimated at E120 Million
(THE SWAZI OBSERVER, 3 Apr 85).scsseceeecceecceecceesceees

Jobless Must Leave Cities
(THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 2 Apr 85).cvscccssccecccecccceccs

Briefs
Rail Link Construction
Hospital Out of Food
Journalist Detained

TANZANIA

Self-Exiled Kambona on BBC Discusses Terms for Return
(BBC, 17 Apr 85).ececeecercccccccscececssececeecees oe

Shortage of Tea Pickers Threatens Production
(DAILY NEWS, 1 Apr 85)....ccsececceccecccceccuccevcess

78

80

86

87

90

92


PARASTATALS MISHANDLE CASH

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 29 Mar 85 p 1

[Text]

THE Auditor General’s report for 1983 on the
accounts“of parastatal, bodies has once again
come out with glaring cases-of cash mishandling
by some of the establishments covered.

‘The report by Auditor-
General Mr Stubbs
Nundwe which.. was pre-
sented before the current
session of Parliament in
Lusaka covered the United
Bus Company. of Zambia
(UBZ), the Zambia Electri-
city '. Supply ~ Corporation
(Zesco). and Zambia Air-
ways. ol

Others were the Manage.
ment Services Board (MSB)
vand:. the’. North) Western
‘Cooperative Union(NWCU).
fhe “accounts, of the
‘anibia: Professional Box-
ing and:Wrestling Board of
Control were submitted too
late for audit,-while those of
the. Medical ‘Council of
Zambia.: the Council for
Legal ,Education and the
National. Museums Board
were “not submitted for
‘audit,"" says the report.

It.said the preparation of
final accounts of. the Natio-
“Museums Board had
len in arrears for many
years". *

However, .on UBZ the
report says an officer was

fiven ‘company cheques
Stalling 3.083 between
April and August” 1982

which ‘were subsequently
cashed.
“The money was _purport-

cso: 3400/024

ed to have been paid to
firms relating to materials
and advertising work done.

The officer failed to pro-
duce receipts in support of
items claimed to have been
purchased or for services
srendered.

In. 1978, a number of
Spare parts purchased for
Belmont taxis valued at
K3,091 were received
although they. were... no
longer required.

Despite tendering. in
1980 and 1982.. there was
no response and no recom-
mendations of UBZ audi-
tors, the gmount<: was
written off but. the items
were still in-stock as at
December 31, 1983.

And despite the UBZ
policy that officers accom-
modated in hotels while on
duty should not incur enter-
tainment costs, the com-
pany account. stood at
K24,169 between 1980 and
1983. The -bill was incurred
by officers through drinks,
private telephone calls,
laundry and meals for
friends.

:On Zambia Airways, the
report notes that the cor-
poration was owed:
6,090,000 mainly by

105

Government ministries
and ‘depariments, parasta-
tal. organisations... district
Seouncits and various busi-
ness. organisations and
individuals.

Although the avetage
collection period of debts
was 30 days. recovery
appeared doubtful because
in some cases supporting
documents were not avail-
able and 1n other accounts
reflected credit’ balance
‘which could not be identi-
fied.

This -was ‘evidenced by
the provision of K1,263,000
for bad debts in 1982
accounts.

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA


RUGBY OFFICIAL ON NZ TEAM'S TOUR, UDF PROTEST

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 ppl, 2

[Article by Pieter Coetzee]

[Text]

THE All Blacks’ rugby matches in South Africa
will not be disrupted by demonstrations. This as-
surance comes from Dr Danie Craven, president
of the South African Rugby Board.

He said yesterday that
he had been assured the
protests, if any, would be
peaceful.

“Tam friendly with a
lot of top members of the
UDF (United Democrat-
icFront), They have as-
suted me that games will
not be disrupted. They
don't want violence. If
demonstrations take
place, they will be peace-,
ful,” Dr Craven said.

He had the highest
praise for the New Zea-
land Rugby Union Coun-
cil. “It was a brave deci-
sion to defy a Govern-
ment directive and accept
our invitation for an All:
Blacks team to tour South ‘
Africa,” he said.

“Not only South Africa
and New Zealand, but the
whole world has taken
note of the decision by
- New Zealand rugby. Poi-
itical leaders in anti-South
African countries may not
like it, but the rugby
world is elated”.

Asked = whether he
thought the scrapj of
the two laws prohibiting ;

cso: 3400/40

“marriage and sex across
the colour bar, which was
announced on Monday,
had been instrumental in
the green light being
sgiven Dr Craven said he
was certain the New Zea-
land rugby authorities
had made up their minds
long before these law
changes had been an-
nounced.

Announcing the deci-
sion to tour, NZ rugby
boss, Mr Cez Blazey said
the ruling = 18-man
NZRUC had voted for
the controversial tour by
a “substantial majority”,
but would not reveal vot-
ing figures.

Mr Blazey told a Press
conference the Union re-
jected arguments that a
tour would give support
to South Africa’s apart-
heid policies or would
hurt other sports.

He said the Council
had carefully considered
the Government's argu-
ment that New Zealand’s
international relations
would be harmed but had

not made the pleas a pri-

mary factor in its deci-

sion. _,

The Council had to be
satisfied it was taking the
right decision, he said.

“In the end that was
the primary factor,” Mr
Blazey added.

He told reporters he
had no fears for the safety
of the team in South Afri-
ca, but he said New Zea-
land rugby was being pic-
ked on.

Reuter reports New
Zealand Prime Minister
Mr David Lange said
after the announcement it
was to Rugby Union's
eternal shame that it had
decided to send a national
team to South Africa.

Mr Lange, who has ap-
pealed to rugby chiefs not
to tour, heard the news
from Wellington just be-
fore boarding his aircralt
during a stopover after a
tour of Africa and India.

“They knew what the
score was and it is to their
eternal shame that they
ate going,” a visibly upset
Mr Lange told reporters.

But he also hinted that
Australia could deny the
team transit rights in Aus-
tralia as it had done to the
Springbok team which
toured New Zealand in
1981.

64

JPRS-SSA-85-039

11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

The number ot est
matches is still to be de-
cided by the SA Board

:and the New Zealand

Council. The SA Board
favours a 16-match tour,
including four Tests,
while some New Zealand
sources have indicated
that a 12-match tour with
three Tests would suit the
All Blacks better.

The Citizen correspon-
dent in Wellington, New
Zealand, reports that the
NZRFU has stated that it
would “fall in with what-
ever arrangements the
SARB makes”.

‘This is seen as an indi-
cation that four Test
matches are likely to be
played, possibly at New-
lands in Cape Town, Lof-
tus Versfeld in Pretoria,
Kings Park in Durban,
and Ellis Park in Johan-
nesburg.

‘The itinerary, once fi-
nalised and agreed upon
by both countries, will be
released in New Zealand
and South Africa at the
same time.

“There will be no leaks
on either side.” Dr Cra-*!
ven promised.



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

CHAD

BRIEFS

FRENCH FINANCIAL AGREEMENTS-~Three financial agreements totaling 540 million
CFA francs were signed today between the Government of Chad and France. The
ceremony took place at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation. The
amount will be used for the rehabilitation of the presidential office, the
rehabilitation of libraries in Ndjamena and Abeche, for development of socio-
cultural activities, and for the development of hospital facilities in the
country. The permanent undersecretary for the minister of foreign affairs
and cooperation signed for Chad while the director of the French cooperation
mission signed for France. [Summary] [Ndjamena Domestic Service in French
1845 GMT 17 Apr 85 AB]

cso: 3400/37

19



UNITA at this time is not reported to haye more than 15,000 guerilla fighters
scattered throughout the vast territory of Angola.

Even more accentuated is the imbalance in the matter of available resources.
The armament of UNITA is considered rudimentary whereas the government forces
are provided with the most sophisticated equipment furnished by the Soviet
Union.

The Soviet Union recently supplied the Angolan Air Force with the first MiG-23
aircraft (powerful attack bombers) and earlier had already sent MI-25 heli-
copters, specially designed for antiguerilla warfare.

The Angolan regular forces are also getting advice from about 1,000 Soviet
advisors and instructors many of whom are quite high-ranking. There is also
an undetermined number of East Germans but they are mostly active in the
security field.

Less than 6 months ago, Angola also began to get military aid from North Korea
which gave the MPLA regime about 1,000 commandos who were sent to occupy
positions in the country's North.

In spite of the enormous advantages the regime enjoys in its fight against its
adversaries in UNITA, the Angolan regime has not been successful in winning
any major victories and did not even manage to stop the recent infiltration of
guerilla fighters into the country's North.

The spread of. the war to the North furthermore is one of the main causes of
Soviet concerns. In its effort to help resolve the problem of Angola militarily,
Moscow has staked a good part of its credibility, especially in Africa.

It has been admitted that more than two-thirds of Angolan territory can currently
be described with the term “insecure zone." The free movement radius authorized
around Luanda at this time is 30 kilometers.

The Soviets interpret this deterioration of the military situation as the result
not so much of the operational capacity of UNITA but rather above all as a
reflection of a lack of aggressivenesson the part of the Angolan Armed Forces
and their Cuban allies.

The civil war in Angola has now been going on for 10 years and it is quite
natural that the lack of readiness on the part of the national army is tied to
a phenomenon of waste and wear that it has caused.

But it is also felt that the training, given to Angolan military personnel, is
no longer adequate in view of the kind of war going on there. The instruction
manuals are derived from those of the Soviet Union which in turn are inspired
by the idea of conventional warfare.

The observation of the deficiency of the Angolan army in terms of training and
readiness for the past 2 years has led to the formation of special battalions



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ETHIOPIA

ROLE, ACTIVITIES OF CHEMICAL SOCIETY REPORTED
Addis Ababa SINET NEWSLETTER in English Jul-Dec 84 pp 6-7
[Text]

Professional associations are of tremendous importance in serving
as vehicles to popularize different disciplines by creating forums to
disseminate new findings. Apart from developing the different
disciplines, such associations do play big roles in guarding the
interests of professionals at work and society at large, The chemical
Society of Ethiopia (CSE) which was legally established in June 1983,
is.one of the professional associations created in Ethiopia, CSE's
prime objectives are enumerated below:

1.. To develop and promote chemistry education and research in
Ethiopia.

2. To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas through pro-
fessional publications and regular meetings.

3. To popularize chemistry in Ethiopia, especially in schools.

4. To enhance participation and collaboration of professional
chemists in matters pertaining to national policies in
chemistry curriculum and the training of chemistry teachers.

5. To establish close relationship between chemists and other
professionals engaged in chemistry-related fields of activity
s0 as to increase the role of chemistry in national develop-
ment.

6. To foster the improvement of the qualification of members.

7. ‘To establish and strengttn links with other societies,
national and international which pursue similar aims.

Membership

The society has two types of membership. Full membership is open
to those persons who have first degree (or above) or a diploma in

24



JPRS-SSA~85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA

NYERERE ADDRESSES LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES ON RESPONSIBILITIES

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 30 Mar 85 p 1

[Text]

PRESIDENT Nyerere has war-
ned local government authorities
against misuse of funds, which
are in the first place aimed at
bringing about meaningful
development.

Opening the second conference
of the Association of Local
Authorities of Tanzania (ALAT)
here yesterday, Mwalimu said the
people had accepted and were
ready to pay development levy
because they had recognised its
importance to their progress.

“What. remains now is for the
local government authorities. to
utilise such. levy for bringing
about meaningful progress,” he
said.
The conference has brought
together 200 - participants —
mayors, district council chairmen
and executive directors.

Mwalimu told them to ensure
that the. levy being paid by the
people was put to judicious use to
avoid mistakes that were made
when local authorities had to be
abolished immediately after ‘in-
dependence. .

The old authorities were
disbanded partly because of ram-
pant misuse of development
funds. Mwalimu said, past coun-
cillors- had ‘conceived ways of
squandering people's money, for-
cing the Government to dissolve
the authorities.

However, he stressed that the
dissolution of district councils and
Co-operatives was a grave
mistake which need never be
repeated.

Referring to development levy
currrently being collected by the
new local authorities, he said any
government must have money to
run its activities and one way of
geting money was to impose levy
on citizer

He said: “A government which
fears to: make unpleasant
decisions, can hardly do pleasant
work.”

Mwalimu said the dissolution
of local governments in the im-
mediate post-independence era,
was to shirk responsibility and
was not in line with the ideology
of democratically involving the
people in deciding their own
development. .

Saying that the Central
Government would continue to
bear the costs of basic social ser-
vices — health, education, water
and roads — Mwalimu said he
believed there would come a time
when .local- governments would
have the financial - capacity to
takeover such services.

He pointed out that even before
the re-introduction of local
governments the services were
being financed by the Central

Government, and that the

arrangement would continue
However, Mwalimu said
district-councils would be respon-
sible for building classrooms and
teachers’ houses as well as con-
struction of houses for other ser-
vants working under the councils,
Regarding the powers and
ability of local governments, the

President said the Act establishing’

93

them had given: powers to the
authorities just as the Central
Government was empowered by
the Parliament under the Con-
stitution.

He said the Central Govern-
ment would have no right to
usurp the powers of local govern-
ments without following the
procedures laid under the law

Sitnilarly, village governments
which were also’_legally
established. must be respected by
local governments because they
were the executive governments
which were closest to the people,
Mwalimu said,

He cautioned against undue
competition between local and
village governments because this
would only impede development.

Mwalimu called . on local
government leaders to run their

affairs more carefully and warned
against running them hap-
hazardly, stressing that they
should. never appoint  inex-
perienced people who cannot
measure up to responsibilities,

Mwalimu decried the habit of.
people in the responsible positions
to side-step work procedures,
especially in terms of financial
management.

He said among the procedures
were those regarding Safari im-
prests which must be accounted
for with unspent money remitted,
but the situation was just the op-
posite. “The big shots retain im-
prest money and before returning
it, are given more, which is con-
trary to: regulations.”



MINISTER MNISI MEETS ITALIAN AMBASSADOR

Mbabane THE SWAZI OBSERVER in English 12 Apr 85 pp 1, 3

[Text]

THE Minister of
Foreign Affairs Mr
Mhambi Mnisi_ said
that Africa has no
confidence in
Swaziland because it
is said to be’ siding
with the South
African regime. *

The minister’ was
speaking to the Italian
Ambassador Mr Giorgio
Testori who payed a;
courtesy call. on him
yesterday,

Mr Mnhisi pointed out
that the kingdom of
Swaziland was not in
favour of apartheid in
South Africa. He said
Swaziland was not hap-
py with what is going on
between South Africa
and Mozambique
because it also affected
her.

“‘When South Africa
and Mozambique signed
the Nkomati Accord it
was thought that a
peaceful atmosphere!
would be created but
nothing has changed
ever since. We were
under the impression
that South Africa was

cso: 3400/36

doing something to
change the situation,’ '
Mr Mnisi said.

The minister stated
that imports and exports
have suffered because
the Mozambique
Resistance Movement
{MNR) has been derail-
ing trains within the
country going to and
from Mozambique.

Mr Mhisi expressed
concern over the poor
economic situation in
the country and said that.
the whole world. was ex-
periencing economic
Tecession as weil.

“We are feeling the
pinch as’ a fumber of
‘firms are closing down
and moving to South
Africa creating
‘unemployment problems
for the nation. This has
caused destabilisation
within ourselves and
thus creating other pro-
blems,”’ he:said.
~ “Our people depend
on South Africa and
with all this turmoil the

Kingdom is in trouble,”

he said.

“We all know that
most countries are after
disinvestments but where
do we stand as members
of the Customs Union.
and the Rand Monitory?
Obviously it will affect
us,’’ he said.

Mr ‘Testori_ thanked
the minister for
enlightening him and
giving him the picturé on
the economic and
political situation in the
country.

In turn Mr Mnisi ex-
pressed his gratitude for
Mr Testori’s arrival
because he said that it
would enable the am-
bassador and his country
to make an assessment
on the people he has
met.

The minister blasted
those countries which
were criticising and sug-

86

JPRS-SSA-85:
11 May 1985

SWAZILAND

gesting solutions to the
southern region pro-
blems instead of coming
out and finding out for
themselves from the
horses’ mouth.

He said that
Swaziland was doing her
best to have peace
prevailing in the
southern region. He ad-
ded that apartheid was
not going to be abolish-
ed in a day’s time.

Mr Mnisi said that the
Kingdom was greatly
shocked at the killing of
blacks and the riots
which took place in the
Eastern Cape.

-039



py former officers from the "commandos" of the Portuguese army recruited by
Angola.

The existence of a logistics support system, which apparently works with many
flaws, also has some effect on the limited operational capacity of the Angolan
army.

To attenuate the effects of the lack of effectiveness on the part of the Angolan
army, the Air Force, equipped with considerable operational resources and placed
under the command of Col Iko Carreira, has become ever more active.

Western sources in the Angolan capital believe that the Air Force is being used
very intensively in operations against UNITA guerilla fighters, attacking moving
columns and bombing areas containing guerilla pockets.

In the mean time, the Soviet Union appears to be very much worried about a certain
"decline in the aggressiveness" of Cuban troops. It is not difficult to tie

this problem in with some of the friction that seems to exist in relations
between Havana and Moscow.

When an Angolan plan was announced at the end of last year, aimed at the
withdrawal of the Cuban troops, many observers argued that this initiative
sprang much more from the desire of Havana than ‘Luanda.

The MPLA regime owes its .pewer to the Cubans. It also owes. them, at least
to a great extent, the survival of a regime which has always been pursued
by powerful foreign and domestic enemies.

But all of this required a price, above all in human lives, that was
considered very high -- a price which Cuban, at least starting in 1979,
showed that it was no longer willing to pay. From that year on, the

Cubans began to be more cautious, becoming less and less active in the fight
against UNITA and never going into action against the South Africans.

In recent years, Angola has been a source that enabled Cuba to reduce many
of its chronicfinancial imbalances but this was also a cemetery for thousands
of its soldiers, with negative repercussions on its domestic policy.

Some streets in the Angolan capital perpetuate the names of these "internationalist
heros", including Diaz-Arglelles, a general who was the first commander of

Cuban troops in Angola and who was killed by a mine explosion. When the

bodies of Cubans killed in the invasion of Grenada were moved to Havana

in 1983, the television commentator at one point said that=these wéré-mtlitary
personnel who had died in Angola.

The heavy manpower losses suffered by Cuba in Angola have persuaded Havana
increasingly to: avoid the direct involvement of its troops in operational
missions, confining them above all to guard duty in the defense of vital
centers.

This regrouping of Cuban troops in Angola naturally weakened the capacity of the
Angolan regime when it came to facing the guerilla fighters of UNITA. Somehow
it does not seem that Havana is ready to alter that situation.

5058 6
CSO: 3442/248



SHORTAGE OF TEA PICKERS THREATENS PRODUCTION

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 1 Apr 85 p 1

[Text]

TEA plantations in - Bukoba,
Rungwe and Lushoto districts are
facing a serious shortage of
pluckers. Shihata reported,”

It quoted the Tanzania Tea
Authority (TTA) Acting General
Manager, Ndugu —Catheline
Vuhavula as saying that the shor-
tage was so serious that the
Authority needed the support and
co-operation of tea growing
regions to solve the problem.

Ndugu, Vuhavula appealed to
the regions to help the Authority
in securing the pluckers. She said
if the pluckers were not found in
time or were not found at all, tea
Production Would gu down “this
season.

The Acting General Manager
said in the past there were plenty.
of pluckers because the workers
moved from one estate to
another.

Nowadays, she said, many for-
mer pluckers had opted for settled
lives outside the plantations
causing a serious shortage of such
key workers in the tea industry.

The Authority was now
Keeping essential commodities at
the estates as part of an incentive
scheme for the pluckers, the of-
ficial said, appealing to regions to
allocate such commodities to the
estates

Meanwhile,  Shihata has
reported that tea estates in Kagera
Region need. $00 pluckers but had
only 200 of them.

csO: 3400/44

When. the Party Secretary
General, _ Ndugu __ Rashidi
Kawawa, visited the region last
month, he was told of the critical
situation and directed the region's
leadership to work together with
the, Authority in getting the
pluckers.

In” Rungwe © District the
Katumba Tea Factory in the
district is facing problems in
processing tea leaves ‘because of
incessant power cuts.

Shihata was quoted by our
sister newspaper the Sunday
News, yesterday, as reporting
that ~ the __ factor; failed
to-process 1,875,720'kilogramimes”
of tea leaves. The agency said for
the fifst. six months of 1984/85
the factory dumped 1,227,000
kilogrammes of tea leaves worth
millions of shillings.

When the Prime Minister
‘Salim Ahmed Salim toured the
factory in February this year, he
urged the Mbeya. regiorial
authorities to co-operate - with
other felevant agencies to solve
the problem. ‘

Ndugu Salim said tea produc-
tion should be stepped up in the:
‘country, especially at this time
when the pricés of the com-
modity atthe world market had
gone up.

92

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA



TAZARA TO ADOPT ONE ACCOUNTING UNIT

Dar es Salaam SUNDAY NEWS in English 31 Mar 85 p 1

{Article by Mussa Lupatu]

{Text]

THE central banks of Zambia and
Tanzania have proposed ways to
implement the unit of account for
the Tanzania-Zambia . Railway
Authosity-(LAZARA) to ptotect
:the authority: from losses through
‘changed of curtericles in the two:
countries. <

The governor of the Bank of
‘Tanzania (BOT), Ndugu Charles
Nyirabu, said in Dar es Salaam
yesterday that, he and his coun-.
ter-part in Zambia decided . that
TAZARA should use one unit of.
the account, and that the im-

plementation is would be
ee to’ the ‘Cound of, Ministers
for approval.

Ndugu Nyirabu, who” was
talking to the Sunday ‘News at the
Dar ‘es Salaam International Air-
port soon after arrival form
Lusaka, Zambia, said under the.
proposals, TAZARA would be
protected from losses. from ‘the’
devaluation. of the- kwacha, or:
shilling or any other monetary.
‘changes: in. the, two countries.”

He said if Zambia or Tanzaniq
devalue . their . currencies,
TAZARA will not suffer. losses.
Funds wilt be transferred to: the.
authority. in- amounts that. will

maintain the value to, levels.

béfore devaluation,  Ndugu.
Nyirabu added.

cso: 3400/43

He said details of the proposals’
will be Known: after approval. by.
the Council of: Ministers, and: hias:
hinted that the council might

meet: in. the next ten days: in.

Arusha.

The Governors: of the” we
banks met“in. Dar- es: Sakzam: Jast!
month. to discuss the. unitof' ac~
counts, following a directive. by
the Council of Ministers. that-the-

central banks should- study the:

transfer of funds to TAZARA, a
problem that has been affecting:
operations of the Great Uhuro
Railway. .

Ndugu Nyirabu said. he: had*
discussed the issue of. transfer of
funds with the Governor of Bank
of Zambia (BOZ):and that. the.
talks were in relation to the:
decision .of the Council. of
Ministers on liquidity.

Ndugu Nyirabu said yesterday.
that the BOZ has agreed to remit

funds amounting to 105.5m/-,

that were a result of the suspen-
sion of services mid this month,
He said, however, that the money
has not been remitted in full,

The Government said the: BOZ.
could not rémit the funds on time
and in accordance with. the
decision of the Council. of

Ministers ‘because of lack of

foreign exchange in Zambia: and
too many demands from other
priority areas in that country.

97

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA



PHOSPHATE FIND TO BOOST AGRICULTURAL DRIVE

Lusaka TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 30 Mar 85 p 5

[Text]

THE Ministry of Mines is looking into the possi-
bility of using the recently discovered deposits
of ‘phosphate in some parts of Zambia to
make fertiliser, it was learnt in Lusaka yester-

day.
Mines Minister Mr Basil’
Kabwe disclosed this

when he opened a work-
shop for the Geological
Society of Zambia at the
University of Zambia
School of Mines.

Mr Kabwe said the mini-
stry was. making an in-
depth study of the count-
tv's hydrocarbon poten-
tial which. he hoped,
would soon provoke com-
mercial interest.

“Deposits of phosphate
have been discovered

+ and are being investigat-
ed for their use. in the
manufacture of fertili-
sers,’’ Mr Kabwe said.

The search for uranium was
continuing while at the
same time attention was
being made to the deve-
lopment of precious and
semi-precious minerals.

Investigations were also
going on into local coal
and iron ore resources.

The ministry was encoura-
ging small: scale mining
industries because many
imineral occurrences:
were too small to be
economically exploited
by large interprises.

cso: 3400/026

Small scale mining would
also help provide
employment for the local
people involved while
broadening Zambia's
foreign exchange earning
base in case of export-
able minerals and saving
foreign exchange where
import substitutions.
could be made.

Mr Kabwe called on local
earth scientists to de-
monstrate their commit-
ment to their field by
actively taking part in the
programmes of the Geo-
logical Society of Zam-
bia.

There was’ great need for
additional mineral wealth
in the Southern Africa
Development Co-ordina-
tion Conference (SADCC)
for member countries to
develop their economies.

It was pleasing to note that
people who were specia-
lised in the geological
sciences met regularly to
share knowledge. “ex-
periences and ideas on
the rocks and minerals of
the area.

113

The society played a vital
role as the only organ in
Zambia to bring the
various members of the
geological community
into contact.

“It is through such pro-
fessional societies as the
Geological Society of
Zambia that —_earth
scientists with different
interests and back-
grounds can: understand
more about their collea-
gucs' geological in-
terests. needs and pro-
blems.""

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ZAMBIA


INDEBTEDNESS OF CITIZENS REPORTEDLY GROWS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Apr 85 p 14

[Text]

THE South African man}
in the street is plunging;
deeper into debt as the re-
cession worsens — and fi-
nal figures for last year of
court actions concerning
debt show civil cases re-
corded, summonses is-
sued and judgments total- |
ling more than 1,4-mil-'
lion, |

Significantly, the fig-
ures show private people
as the biggest offenders.
Of 879 147 civil cases re-
corded and summonses is-
sued during the year,
720 451 were for private
people.

And of 385 065 civil de-
fault and consent judg-
ments, 350 542 involved
private people.

Between October and
December alone last year
summonses for debt
jumped by 20 percent on
the figure for the period
in 1983 — to 221 093 from!
184 197.

cso: 3400/40

At the same time debt
judgments increased by
13 percent, to 101 400
from 89 752.

In both categories, as
far as private people were
concerned, the biggest
judgments and most sum-
monses were issued for
goods sold and failure to
pay for various services,
most of them profession-
al.

Civil and default con-
sent judgments were
given against _ private
people during the year in
148 596 cases involving
goods sold and 64211
cases of non-payment of
professional services —
plus 35 057 other cases of
non-payment for other
services rendered.

Civil cases recorded
and summonses issued
against private people for
goods sold totalled
255 950, while for profes-
sional services they total-
led 118 586.

60

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



REACTION TO NZ TOUR DECISION REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 18 Apr 85 p 2

[Article by Brian Stuart and Sapa]

[Excerpts]

CAPE TOWN. — The
All Blacks tour of
South Africa later this
year is “goo! news”
says Mr F W de Klerk,
Minister of Home Af-
fairs and of National
Education, which in-
cludes sport.

¢ fact that the tour
is taking place is good
news for all lovers of rug-
by and can be regarded as
a victory for autonomy in
Sport,” said Mr De Klerk.

‘There had been no pol-
itical interference by
South Africa in the deci-
sion, nor would there be
any political interference,
the Minister said.

PEP spokesman on
sport. Mr Mike Tarr, said
sports contacts were an
incentive to change by
helping to break down’
barriers in a polarised so-
ciety. His party was pleas-;
ed the tour was on. '

Conservative Party!
spokesman Mr Daan van’
der Merwe said he was
pleased New Zealand's
Rugby Union had not
given in to pressure and

cso: 3400/40

had decided to go ahead
with the tour. “I hope
they will enjoy the tour.”

Mr Brian Page, NRP
spokesman said there
were still many anti-tour
pressures, but he hoped
the players would enjoy
their visit to this country.

“Let sport be sport and
politics stay in Parlia-
ment,” Mr Page said.

Outside Parliament the
anti-tour groups made
their feelings known.

' And the United Demo-
cratic Front (UDE) said it
would link up with like-
thinking bodies to take
action against the tour

UDEF national publicity
secretary Mr Patrick Le-
kota said: “The New Zea-
land Rugby Union has
made a pact with the
same government which
denied Black _ players
equal opportunities in
sport.”

The tour will be a great
stimulus for South Afri-
can rugby, former Spring-
bok captain Morne du
Plessis said.

“Our players need
regular international

66

competition for continu:
ity in the building-up of a
strong Springbok side,
And apart from the Ali
Blacks’ visit acting as a
spur to our players. it will
be important for the
growth of the game.

Meanwhile, foreign re-
action to the decision has
been hostile. In Loridon
the organisers of next
year's Edinburgh Com-
monwealth Games said
they disapproved of the
decision to totir South
Africa.

Spokesman Mr_ David
Dixon said the Scottish
Commonwealth Games
Council would “certain-
ly" convey its disappro-,

val. .
In Addis Ababa a top

African sport — official
called on the continent to
end sporting links with
New Zealand if the All
Blacks went ahead with
its planned tour.

Mr Yidnekatchew Tes-
sema, president of the
Union of African Sports
Confederation, also said
New Zealand should be
barred from participating
in the Commonwealth
Games. — Sapa-Reuter.

IPRS-SSA~85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



[Answer] No, because the real situation is very different. Their propaganda
is false. I urge all of those who made plans for escape with me to rally
their courage and escape from the clutches of these bandits, surrendering to
the authorities, who will treat them well.

[Question] Gino Isaac, Adelino Andaka and Xahik Mateus, also young men who
were inducted into the UNITA by force, are a reflection of the fate reserved
by the counterrevolutionaries for the peaceful working people of Angola.
Illiterate and even ignorant of its concepts, they served the bandits as car-
riers of materials and goods stolen from the people.

fhe puppets are revealing their goals daily, not only through the massacres of
the people and the terror they create, but also by the ill-treatment, torture
and privation to which they subject the people they hold in captivity. ‘he
Angolan people are well aware that they are nothing but bandits whom history
will be able to classify.

The three young men have already begun reading and writing classes and they
say they are pleased by the treatment and hospitality they have experienced.

Finally, we spoke with compatriot Evaristo Domingos, 20 years of age and a
UNITA soldier since 1975.

([Question] Did you participate in some military operations?

[Answer] Yes, I participated in the recent attack on the commune of Kilombo
Kiaxi, and those in Balassende, Fazenda Margarida, Camabatela and others.

[Question] Where and when were you captured?
[Answer] I was captured in Santa Aulalia 5 days ago.
[Question] Have you been subjected to bad treatment by the FAPLA?

[Answer] No, I was even surprised by the treatment I received. They did not
beat me.

In conclusion, Evaristo Domingos issued an appeal to his former colleagues,
urging that they think further and disbelieve the propaganda of the UNITA
renegades.

These compatriots will be reintegrated in social life, consistent with the
policy of clemency decreed by the party and the government.

5157
CSO: 3442/240

11



Earlier, the ALAT Chairman,
Ndugu Peter Siyovelwa, said his
Association would ensure that
development levy was judiciously
spent and «for the benefit of the
people who had enthusiastically
Tesponded to the . move.

The meeting's agenda includes
endorsing standing orders for the
Association.

CSO: 3400/44

94



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

ANGOLA

HUAMBO TO HAVE TWO NEW UNIVERSITY FACULTIES
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 14 Mar 85 p 12
[Article by Simao Roberto]

[Text] Huambo--Two faculties in addition to those already in existence, the
Faculties of Agrarian Science, Law, Economics and Medicine, will shortly be
created in this city, Joao Filipe Martins, vice minister of education for
secondary and higher education and rector of the University of Angola,
announced yesterday at a meeting with local newsmen.

During his stay of just a few hours in this province, at the head of an impor-
tant delegation which included, among others, the Cuban vice minister of edu-
cation for higher education, this official said that the main purpose of this
working visit to Huambo was to analyze various aspects of secondary and higher
education in the province.

In the course of its scheduled activities, the delegation paid a lengthy visit
to the Chianga Agronomic Research Institute, where, on the basis of informa-
tion provided by the director of that establishment, the members of the dele-
gation learned about the difficulties encountered there, mainly the lack of
cadres so that various laboratories which have been shut down for long periods
ean function, as well as the lack of materials for research work.

On the other hand, the director of the institute reported on the losses caused
by the attack perpetrated last year by UNITA bands, causing serious material
damage, and thus, he said, creating difficulties in the teaching of certain
subjects regarded as basic.

Finally, the delegation paid a visit to the Faculty of Medicine, where its

members learned about the work which has been developing in that educational
establishment in the training of cadres in this branch of studies.

5157
CSO: 3442/240

16



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

NEW PLANE-~Air Mauritius is to be supplied with a Franco-Italian 46-seater
ATR-42 transport from November 1986. The 89 million dollar (135 million
rupee) contract which was signed on March 25 in Port Louis will make Air
Mauritius one of the first airlines in Africa to use the aircraft. Accord-
ing to Henri Paul Puel, vice-president of the marketing section of France's
Aerospatiale company, France and Italy had offered Air Mauritius very
favourable terms for financing the purchase of the plane. The ATR (Regional
Air Transport) is built by a joint company involving. both Aerospatiale and
Italy's Aeritalia. Air Mauritius will use it on services to Reunion, and
possibly to Agalega and Rodrigues islands. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN
NEWSLETTER in English 30 Mar 85 p 8]

cso: 3400/30

45



JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA

SELF~EXILED KAMBONA ON BBC DISCUSSES TERMS FOR RETURN
MB181415 London BBC World Service in English 1709 GMT 17 Apr 85
[From the "Focus on Africa" program]

[Text] At a press conference in London today, one of Tanzania's most out-
spoken exiled critics of President Nyerere has responded to a suggestion

that he might go home. Oscar Kambona, one-time defense minister, minister

of foreign affairs, and secretary general of the TANU, that took the country
to independence, went into self-imposed exile in 1967. Since then, he has
been a constant critic of the one-party state, of President Nyerere's economic
policies and his alleged violations of human rights. Well, on his official
visit to London last month, President Nyerere said Oscar Kambona was welcome
to go home. Mr Kambona says he would like to, but on certain conditions.
Julian Marshal asked him what those conditions were?

[Begin recording] [Kambona] The first is the introduction of a parlia-
mentary system, the second is the dismantling of the totalitarian one-party
state, and then the introduction of free elections to give the people a free
choice, and then the legal incorporation of a bill of rights or the [word
indistinct] open Convention on Human Rights, and lastly the amnesty for all
political prisoners, and the return for all exiles, and a return to the rule
of law.

[Marshal] Now, you say that these are your conditions. What do you think
would happen to you were you to return, say, tomorrow to Tanzania?

[Kambona] Well, a friend of mine, a colleague, a minister called (Abdalla
Kassim Mwanga), returned to Tanzania without these conditions. He ended up
being shot and was thrown into the Indian Ocean.

[Marshal] And you suspect that you might meet a similar fate?

[Kambona] Well, I have got a member of my own family who went through a
very difficult (?situation) in some prisons for more than 10 years.

[Marshal] You are calling for the dismantling of a one-party state in

Tanzania, and yet you yourself at one time were the secretary of the ruling
and only party. Now, how do you square that apparent difference there?

90



DPSA TO PROPAGATE NEW JOINT VENTURES PROCLAMATION

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 23 Mar 85 p 3

[Article by Melaku G/Yohannes]
[Text]

The Development Projects Study
Agency (DPSA) plans to* propagate!
the New Proclamation providing for
thie establishment of joint - ventures
with foreign capital and know-how
aiined at promoting development and
utilizing the country’s natural resour-
ces. :

This was disclosed by Comrade
Shiferaw Jammo, General Manager of
the Development Projects Study Agen-
cy. Comrade. Shifferaw. said the agen-
cy, a3 port of its endeavour in the
area of project planning and develop-
ment, has completed the necessary
preparations towards wide - propega-
tion of the newly issued proclamation,
which csme into force on January 22
1983, The proclamation allows “joint
ventures” to be formed by Ethiopian
public capital and foreign private or
public capital. Stating further the ge-
neral manager said that encoureging -
steps are heing made in this regard,
and that the propagation of the ob-
jectives of the joint venture, on in-
ternational scale, is to be launched
in the near futuie, _ ,

Referring to the objectives “and
aims of PSA, Comrade Shiffera ob-

served that the main task of the
Agency is to streigthen the capacity
of Ethiopian institutions. involved in
project planning. He said that in ex-
ceptional ‘cases of cross sectoral pro-
jects, the DPSA. could assume the res-
ponstbilities of coordinating the acti-
vities of the sectoral agencies involved
in the project, thereby acting as a na:
tional instrument to further. the ef-

‘forts of different organizations in the

field of project planning. ‘

‘The general manoger noted that the

DPSA also acts in an advisory capa-
city. on matters relating to project
planning, such as the selection and
engagement of consultants and train-
ing of project planners.
Comrade Shifferaw Jammo alss no-
ted that the DPSA houses the Ethio-
pian Centre for Technology set up
hy the’ government with assistance
from UNCTAD for rationalizing im-
portation of technology and develop-
ment of national technological eapa-
bility. ‘ : :

Through its Ethiopian Centre for
Technology, the general manager said,
the DPSA asirns- dt strengthening the
technological capacity of the country

28

JPRS-SSA~85-039
11 May 1985

ETHIOPIA



JPRS-SSA~85-039
11 May 1985

ANGOLA

BENGO COMMISSARIAT MEETS TO ANALYZE SUPPLY METHODS
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 16 Mar 85 p 3

[Text] Caxito--The Bengo Provincial Commissariat met in special session on
Wednesday to analyze the application and efficiency of the new system of
supplying the working and peasant masses. In fact, during this first expanded
meeting of the party and government officials in the province to be held since
the beginning of this year, a discussion in depth was held on the methods for
supplying the working and peasant masses such as to implement the higher
guidelines promulgated in this connection.

In this connection, Bengo Provincial Commissar Manuel Lopes Mario (Xi-Mutu), a
member of the Central Committee of the MPLA-Labor Party, spoke during his
address of the practical implementation of the vote of the party in connection
with the policy for the well-being of the working and peasant masses based on
the labor of each individual, with stress, on the other hand, on the estab-—
lishment of close links between the cities and the countryside.

Within this context, this party and government leader recommended a census of
all of the workers in the administrative, industrial and agricultural sectors,
as well as the peasants, with a view to proper control in connection with sup-
plying the domestic trade shops.

The meeting then undertook a review of the status of the structures and enter-
prises with a large number of workers, in particular the provincial offices of
the Ministries of Construction and Agriculture and the Heroes of Caxito Sugar
Mill, where there has been serious concern about the lack of identification
documents, in particular identity cards. In this connection, the commissar
recommended that it be made compulsory to obtain such documents within 30 days
of the meeting date, with a view to regularizing the situation of the workers
who still do not have their identity and work cards.

The obtaining of supplies from various sources (self-consumption) by the
workers was also analyzed, and the conclusion that these practices should end
was reached.

A number of other points in connection with improving the system of supplying

the workers, in particular the distribution of beer in the province and other
goods of first necessity, were also analyzed.

12



INSURANCE CLAIMS FOR RIOT DAMAGES REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 20 Apr 85 pp 1, 2

[Article by Tony Stirling]

[Text]

THE South African
Spetial Risks Insur-
ance Association has
paid out an estimated
R26-million in claims
arising out of the cur-
rent riots in South
Africa.

These figures, which
because of the unabated
nature of the problem, re-
main provisional, were
given to The Citizen yes-
terday by SASRIA,

The managing director,
Mr Rodney Schneeber-
ger, said the claims had
been lower than anticipat-
ed because of a consider-
able saving in replacing
damaged property, par-
ticularly Government-
owned buildings, hit by
the riots since last Sep-
tember.

Claims were still being
processed and because of
this and the unabating
nature of the unrest it was
not possible to estimate
the eventual total.

Mr Schnecberger said
the SASRIA figures were
in respect only of proper-
ties and vehicles covered
by special risk insurance.

The claims received to
date included about 700
vehicles and 300 business-
és and properties.

Revision

He indicated that be-
cause of the large number
of claims arising out of
the riots SASRIA_ was
now considering a re-
vision of its rates, terms
and conditions.

SASRIA, which came
into operation in April
1979, was formed in re-
sponse to the Soweto riots
of 1976,

Government and the
insurance industry then
recognised that ordinary
insurance was not in-
tended to cover damage
caused by “political ter-
rorism”.

Under the scheme, in-
surance companies act as
agents to SASRIA, which
operates as a business
under a board, one of
whose members rep-’
resents the Government.

Although SASRIA has
built up substantial funds
of its own and separate
reinsurance arrange-
ments, the Government is
its ultimate reinsurer.

According to = Mr

Schneeberger, South”

Africa is one of the few
countries able to offer
relatively cheap insurance
against material damage
caused in riots.

Jt does not offer life in-
surance cover,’ which is
covered under other types
of policies.

Until the end of Sep-
tember 1984, when viol-
ence erupted in the Vaal
Triangle before spreading
to the rest of the country,
SASRIA largely dealt
with claims arising out of
terrorist bombings in the
urban areas,

However, since then
the pattern has changed
and to an ever-increasing-
degree it is dealing with
claims arising out of un-
rest in the townships,
which have caused it to
consider restructuring its
rates.

Insurance offered. by
SASRIA includes cover
to commerce, industry
and the public, as well as

.the Government and local
authorities,

All sectors are today
reasonably well insured
against riot risks, accord-
ing to Mr Schneeberger.

The cover appears
cheap: a vehicle can be in-
sured at a’ cost of R10,
cover for houses runs at
R2,50 per RI 000 of value
and industrial and com-
mercial risks at R10,00
per R1 000 of value.

56

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



Zambia has potential for the export of fresh fruit and vegetables especially
when it was winter in Europe as stocks started running out there.

Yesterday Mr Moskovich said the export drive which involved air-freighting
garlic and mangoes to London and Amsterdam had been completed as planned but
could not say how much foreign exchange had been earned as the transaction
was still being worked out.

Meanwhile, Dunlop has announced that it will remain in production through
this year's harvest season.

Managing director Mr Alan Taylor pointed out that there would be no shortage
of tyres if Dunlop continued to receive support in obtaining raw materials.

"We hope to remain in production until harvest season. At the moment we are
in full production and are operating normally," he said.

Dunlop has experienced disruptions in production due to difficulties of raw
materials.

Last month Prime Minister Mundia said the Government was investigating the
foreign exchange allocated to the company because the authorities were not
satisfied with its performance.

He said Dunlop had been allocated K2.5 million in "forex" this year to bring
in raw materials and where possible to import ready-made tyres.

Mr Taylor said his company would welcome any investigation by the Government
into its operations.

He had no hard feelings over concern expressed by the Party and its Govern-
ment about Dunlop's use of "forex" and described as "impossible" the concept
of import substitution in Zambia in operations.

cso: 3400/031

109



Zambia Clay--debtors (details regarding the disposal of K9,124 owed to Zambia
Steel and Building Supplies), Zambia Clay--assets (on the outcome of the
court hearing on the matter); Zambia Railways--finance (on the provision for
doubtful debts which was K2 million in 1978); Kafue Textiles--finance on the
provision for bad debts of K46,806.

For issues relating to the report of the committee for the third session of
the fourth National Assembly, the following companies have been listed as
having failed to implement recommendations or effected them only partially:

National Housing Authority (accounts for the year ended December 1979--
recovery of debts); Tobacco Board of Zambia (accounts for the year ended
December 1978--progress made on the rectification of the irregularities
raised by the Auditor-General); ROP (accounts for the year ended March 1980,
on progress made regarding all outstanding issues), Zambia Flying Doctor
Service (ZFDS) (financial and administrative irregularities--details regard~
ing the recovery of amounts advanced to six officers), ZFDS (administration,
personnel and housing--as regards the writing off of K750).

Zambia Standards Institute (financial and administrative irregularities—-on
the corrective measures taken on the weakness highlighted by the Auditor-
General); NIEC Stores (accounts for the year ended March 1980-~-on the final
clearance of some query); Zambia National Wholesale and Marketing Company
(ZNWMC)--financial irregularities (on the finalisation of the issues raised
by the Auditor-General), Zambia Airways Corporation (accounts for the year
ended March 1980--on the introduction of stringent controls to avoid losses
of cash and stocks and submission of a report on the matter); Zambia Elec-
tricity Supply Corporation (proposed equity--on the formalisation of the
legal issues involved).

Zambia National Energy (accounts for the year ended March 1980--on the
measures instituted for the control of vehicles); Zambia Railways (accounts
for the year ended March 1980~-progress made on the control and collection

of debts); City Radio (on the training of staff to take care of the short-
comings on stocks); Zambia Publishing Company (irregular advances and loans--
on the recovery of debts from a former senior company officials), ZAMBIA DAILY
MAIL (accounts for the year ended March 1980--on the outcome of Police
investigations and on the transfer of title deeds).

cso: 3400/031

111



ZAMBIA

Nyerere Addresses Local Government Authorities on Responsibilities
(DAILY NEWS, 30 Mar 85). ceeceesccceccencccesceeeeceeseses

Oil Exploration Agreements Signed
(DAILY NEWS, 3 Apr 85)..ccececccccccececcceesvererenseeses

Preparations for World Youth Festival Underway
(DAILY NEWS, 5 Apr 85)......-. seteeeee seeeeees be ceeeeeeees

TAZARA To Adopt One Accounting Unit
(Mussa Lupatu; SUNDAY NEWS, 31 Mar 85)....... eee e cece weees

Power Cuts Result in Tea Factory Losses
(SUNDAY NEWS, 31 Mar 85)...cccccsccscceseccsccececvseesees

Anti-Economic Sabotage Tribunal Shutting Down
(John Waluye; DAILY NEWS, 3 Apr 85)..... dene cececeeeeeeees

Energy, Foreign Exchange Shortages Cut Cement Production
(DATLY NEWS, 30 Mar 85)...secccescceececeseece been cece eee

Briefs
Cultural Delegation for DPRK
Cattle for Uganda
Salim Receives Jordanian Message
Power Shortages Halt Production

House Defers Vote on Sensitive Election Law Bill
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 29 Mar 85)

Parastatals Mishandle Cash
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 29 Mar 85)...-.+ee0e

Zimba Claims Worker Benefits Will Dwindle Under New Laws
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 27 Mar 85)....eeeeeeeceeece eae ee recene

Two Coup Plotter Death Sentences Overturned
(THE KENYA TIMES, 4 Avr 85).....eeeeeeees wee e cree eeeeeeeee

Israeli Agricultural Equipment in Route
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 2 Apr 85)...... cee eeceeceeceeeeeeeceeees

Auditor Recommendations for Parastatals Ignored
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 1 Apr 85)........ dee e eee eeeeeeeeeeeees

Shapi Calls for End To Wildcat Strikes
(TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 30 Mar 85)......eseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee seeee

93

95

96

97

98

99

100

101
101
101
102

103

105

106

107

108

110

112



JOBLESS MUST LEAVE CITIES

Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 2 Apr 85 p 3

[Text]

GOVERNMENT Is drafting law to flush out all the
unemployed from towns to the rural areas,

The Prime Minister, Prince Bhekimpi sald this will
decrease the number of criminals in the country and
prostitutes who roam around towns not knowing what
to do and thrs end up committing crimes.

Prince Bhekimpl was addressing chiefs and their
subjects at Mhlambanyats! Inkhundla on Saturday.

“Government would like to have co-operation from
the Chiefs,” he said. However the Prime Minister did
not specify when the law will come to effect but said it
will soon be announced to the public.

Prince Bhekimpi also described unemployed woman
as a disgrace and embarrassing.

He sald they are always found on the roads
throughont the country, hitching lifts from people they
do not even know.

He sald In order to give these people employment,

CsO: 3400/36

they should be fltished out of the towns to the rural
areas, “Even though these people have got their
qualifications In many fields but what can we do If we
don’t have employment for them. “You find that some
of these people have got degrees but are not employed.

“Government has decided that they go back to the
rural areas and do farming. “Chiefs should give land

“to these people to do farming so that they could make.

a living.

“People living in rural areas make a-better living
than those living in towns, “You get almost all the
food you want from the land at a cheaper price,”
Prince Bhekimpi said.

He also warned the unemployed to stop being ban-
dits. Prince Bhekimpi appested to the parents of the
bandits and those unemployed, to know where their
children are and if employed, where.

He also sald that parents whose children are not
employed but living in towns should call their children
back home. He sald if parents obey to this warning,
Swaziland will no longer feed her people with yellow
maize which she does not even grow.

88

JPRS-SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

SWAZILAND



MENGISTU INSPECTS UNFINISHED PREFAB PLANT

Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 7 Apr 85 pp 1, 6

[Excerpt]

Comrade Mengistit Haile-Mariam,
General Secretary of the CC ‘of the
WPE, Chairman of tae PMAC and
Commander-in-Chief of the Revolu-
tionary Armed Forces, yesterday went
on a tour of inspection of a prefa’y
factory for the improvement of the
construction of housing facilities.

‘The prefab plant located at Kaliti
area in the owskirls of the capital
is the first of its kind in the country
and is aimcd at producing bu Iding
worse with a total fioor area of
50,000 square metres annually. It is
an efficient low-cost housing program-
me luunched by the WPE and the
Revolutienary Government to im-
prove the living standard of the
Eth‘opian broad masses.

‘Tae construction of the prefab
plant was began in the last Ethiopian
calendar ycar in accoidance with the
directive.given by Comrade Mengistu
Haile-Mariam to altev:ate the pro-
blem of housing facilities and s-rvi-
ces ‘elated to building construction.

The assembly plant wiil produce
different housing . components that
would be utiliz:d for residential units,
hospitals and schools. It was disclosed
during the tour that the plant, which

will altogether cost 15,244,000 birr,
would he completed next June.
‘Phe "head of the, project revealed
to Comrade Meng’stu that with the
inerease in the demand of the factory's
products, the working period would
be incrensed ‘from one shift to three |
shifts and the. floor space for new
houses from 50,000 to 120,000 square
metres thereby -providing the posi-
bilty of building a large number of
houses within a short period of time,
The installing of mschinery for
the new plant is 90 per. cent com-
plete while 80 per cont of the con-
struction wotk is already over.

It was further noted by the head
of thy project that the prefab plant
has imany advantages over the tradi-.
itional method of housing construc-
tion particularly from the point of
view of saving time and diminshing
costs. He stressed that the factory
would develop the country’s thousing
technology, improve the skills of the
working people. reduce wastage of
raw materials especially those ‘related
to forestry, and provide employment
opportunities. When it begins its
operation, some 200 workers would

33

JPRS-~SSA-g85-03
9
U May igg5

ETHIOPIA


OIL EXPLORATION AGREEMENTS SIGNED

Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 3 Apr 85 p 1

[Text]

& ~~ petroleum _— exploration
agreement covering the western
areas of the couritry was signed
in Dar es Salaam yesterday bet-
ween: the Government and. an
American oil company. This
brings to seven international com-
panies interested in oil ex-
ploration in the country.

Under the agreement, the
American firm — AMOCO —
will have the right to explore for
oil and gas in Rukwa and Usangu
areas, The areas, covering Mbeya,
Sumbawanga and Mpanda and
the Usangu plains over 28,500
square kilometres.

The agreement, which gives
Tanzania a production sharing (of
profits) in case of a commercial
discovery of oil or gas, -was
signed by the Minister for Water,
Energy and Minerals, Ndugu Al-
Noor Kassum, and the Vice-
President of AMOCO, Mr.
Charles Noerbe.

The Managing Director of the
Tanzania Petroleum Development
Corporation (TPDC), Ndugu
Sylvester Barongo, was also one
of the signatories.

Ndugu Kassum said AMOCO
would bear all the risks and the
financing of the exploration and
that the costs would be recovered
in case of commercial discovery.

He said, this was in line. with
the rest of the agreements which
the Government and the TPDC
had concluded with foreign com-
panies.

cso: 3400/43

The Minister explained that un-
der the agreement, the govern-
ment would also receive over
1.9bn/- in foreign exchange
(1.074 million US dollars) being
cash payment in return for sur-
vey data on the exploration area
acquired by AMOCO.

He said initial survey. on the
area was carried out by the Petro
Canada International Assistance
Corporation in 1983.

AMOCO is expected to start
operations in the middle of this
year. It will establish its’ sub-
sidiary in the country to. be
known as AMOCO Tanzania Oil
Company.

Mr. Moerbe said his company
was expected to open its office in
Dar es Salaam shortly. .

The Minister said AMOCO had
co-operated with Agip in the ex-
ploration for hydrocarbons in. the
country’s coastal basin between
1973 and 1983.

It is understood that apart from
providing the country with its
share of the discovery, the

agreement also provides for an

‘Additional, Profit Tax (APT) to be
paid by AMOCO from oil profits.

Early last month, the govern-
ment signed. agreements in: Coast
Region for drilling operations
with three firms — the French
National Oil company: (Societe
National Elf Aquitaine-Snea), the

95

JPRS~SSA-85-039
11 May 1985

TANZANIA

International Energy Develop-
ment Corporation (IEDC) and the
Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Ex-
ploration company (KUFPEC).
Other ‘companies which are in-
volved in: oil exploration in the
country include ESSO, Shell,
Agip and British Petroleum (BP).


ed to roam about browsing and scave-

nging. Small ruminants are kept home
or simply tethered, and fed with green-
stuff residues, peelings and sometimes
with purchased supplements. Since
there is no grazing system, as eviden-
ced by the rapidly eroding landscape
in the vicinity of all densely populated
areas, bovine cattle are led any place
wher2 some vegetation is left, to bro-
use anything from patches of trodden
grass to low trees, and even garbage,
until sunset, when the poorly ~fed
herd start on its way back home.

Such situations should not be allow-
ed to go on at a time when food short-
age, exacerbated by soil erosion, brin-
gs inanition to millions of people
around the country. This calls for spe-
cial regulations aimed at preventing
further damag2 to natural vegetation
and restoding degraded sites. The ques-
tion of “communal territorial rights”
should not even arise in this case,
since livestock does not represent a
means of livelihood. The stock limit
could be eut.down to one or two ani-
mals per household, to avoid risks of
diseases, with prefersnce to small ru
minants, which are less encumbsring,
cheaper to keep and easier to sell when.
there is a pressing need for cash.

Rearing on Small Woldings

In a small-holding situation, live-
stock production is often integrated
with arable farming, for practical as
well as for economic reasons. When
reaping the harvest, a farmer expects
to get a large quantity of residual trash
derived from threshing, which he will
store away for animal feed. A combin-
ed crop and animol farming ean pro-
vide better income earning opportuni-
ties. Manure s2rves as a substitute for
wood (for cooking meals). What is
more, farm animals confer.a certain

deprea of security in times of crop:

failure or drought.

” Unfortunately, small holdings are
overstocked, putting pressure on the:
limited feed resources. Besides, given,
the size of small scale farms and their
fragmented stats, forage production is
possible only when marginal land ts
is released through intensification of
subsistance cropping, or if crop resi-
dues or byproducts are plentiful.
Constraints and Opportunities

All these are aneestral rearing me-
thods, hindered in their posstbilitles
hy the genetic limitation of local
breads uncontrolled taming low nutri-
tional levels, diseases. tick infestations,
high mortality rate, ete.

Better outputs should be obtainable
through efficient management of exis-
ting herds and flocks, including vete-
rinary care and extension of forages
and sgricultural byproducts.

Nevertheless, technical innovations
shold not be contemplated without
regard to their implications or the con-
ditions in which people actually live.
In a pastoral system, for example. it
would not he so ensy to kesp perma+
nently in touch with herders and ex-
tend measures of improvement. while
innovations may prove unrealistic in a
populous district or town.

If disease eradication reduces more>
tality, it must be followed by an in-
crease in feed resources. Along that
line of reasoning, it would be possible
to fence off a piece of land and start
a small seale rearing operation using
water from boreholes; hut sooner or
Jater, the permanent concentration of
of animals ia a confined space would
lead to range deterioration.

In other words, without market out-
lets, increases in livestock production
will result in a build-up in herd sizes
and a depletion of pasture.

As matters stand, sales . are rather

36