MUNICIPAL CONTROL OF GASOLINE AND OIL FILLING STATIONS.

Court of Appeals for Franklin County.

#### City of Columbus, State of Ohio, ex rel The Moore Oil Company, v. Joseph Dauben, as Building Inspector of the City of Columbus.

Decided, November 7, 1917.

*Municipal Corporations*— May *Prescribe Conditions Under Which Gasoline and Oil Filling Stations May be Operated*— Use *of Existing Plants Not Affected*— But *to Greatly Enlarge a Plant Subjects it to Regulative Ordinance.*

1. The Columbus ordinance regulating the location, construction and operation of public gasoline and oil filling stations or sales depots is not open to constitutional objection, but the provisions of this ordinance are prospective and are not applicable to the maintenance or operation of gasoline or oil filling plants in existence at the time the ordinance became effective.

2. But an owner who undertakes to tear down an existing structure, used as a sales or gasoline or oil filling depot, and to erect a new .plant with greatly increased capacity and equipment can not claim exemption from the provisions of a regulative ordinance.

*282
      *Weber, McCoy & Jones,*and *H. S. Kerr,*attorneys for Relator.

*Henry L. Scarlett, James M. Butler, E. E. Burns*and *L. L. Boger,*attorneys for defendant.

Kunkle, J.

This is an action in mandamus in which, the relator seeks to compel the defendant, the Building Inspector of the city of Columbus, to issue a building permit to relator for the reconstruction of a public oil and gasoline filling station, including tanks and buildings, at the corner of Broad and 21st streets in the city of Columbus.

Defendant refuses to issue such permit upon the sole ground that the relator has not complied with the provisions of section one of Ordinance No. 28932 of the city of Columbus, regulating the location, erection and maintenance of public oil filling stations, and which ordinance was passed by the council of the city of Columbus, July 1915, and approved by the mayor of said city July 3rd, 1915. The provisions of said ordinance are as follows :

> “Section 1. That it shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation for themselves or as agents, renters, or lessees, to locate, build, erect, construct, maintain, or operate any public gasoline or oil filling station or sales depot on or within 187% feet from curb line of any street in the city, or to construct or maintain a driveway from the street over the curb and sidewalk to such station or depot, when three-fourths (%) of the buildings on both sides of the street for a distance of five hundred (500) feet in either direction from the proposed location of each wall of such oil filling station or sales depot are used exclusively for residence purposes, without first securing the written consent of two-thirds (2/3) of the owners of the property abutting on the street for a distance of 500 feet in each direction from the median line of such proposed oil filling station or sales depot, according to the frontage on both sides of the street.

> Section 2. Any person, firm, or corporation, or any agent, renter, or lessee, of any such person, firm or corporation who shall violate any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be fined not less than $100 nor more than $500 for each offense, *283and each week of continued violation of this ordinance shall constitute a separate offense after the first prosecution has been begun. ;

> Section 3. This ordinance shall take effect and be in force from and after the earliest period allowed by law, but shall not apply to or be operative against any owner or operator of any public gasoline or oil filling station or sales depot heretofore erected, unless two-thirds of the owners of the property for whose consent this ordinance makes provision file with the city clerk within thirty days after this ordinance takes effect their written protest against the further operation of such station or depot.”

When the said ordinance became effective, the relator was the lessee, and subsequently became the owner of the real estate situated at the corner of Broad and 21st streets in the city of Columbus and had erected and was maintaining a gasoline and oil filling station on said premises.

In April of the present year, with a view to enlarging its business, the relator tore down the original buildings on the said premises and prepared plans and specifications for the erection of a more elaborate building, with rest rooms for patrons and with greatly increased storage capacity and with increased facilities and equipment for the transaction of its business.

The original plant was conducted on the said premises by means of access thereto from an alley on the rear of the said lot and from 21st street.

The plans for the proposed structure involve an additional passageway over the sidewalk on Broad street.

Counsel 'for defendant claims that the proposed structure should be regarded as a new structure, and would therefore fall within the scope of section one of the ordinance above referred to.

The relator contends:

(1) That the said ordinance is unconstitutional.

(2) That if the ordinance is found to be constitutional, that the relator is exempt, by virtue of the provisions of Section 3 of said ordinance.

*284We have carefully considered the unusually exhaustive and helpful briefs which have been filed by counsel. We shall not attempt to analyze or distinguish the various authorities cited therein, but will merely announce the conclusion at which we have arrived after an examination of such authorities.

We have previously considered the question of the constitutionality of section one of the ordinance in question. Since our decision in the Speice care, the Supreme Court of the United States has affirmed the celebrated bill board case of *Cusack Company*v. *City of Chicago,*decided January, 1917, and upheld the constitutionality of the bill board ordinance in question, which ordinance involved a .principle' similar to the one in controversy.

In the Speice case the validity of Section one of the ordinance in question was conceded by the court to be constitutional, and we are confirmed in that opinion by the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the bill board case above referred to.'

This court also held in the Speice case that the ordinance should be considered prospectively, and that it did not apply to the maintenance and operation of a gasoline or oil filling plant in existence at the time the ordinance became effective.

The question now for consideration is, whether the said ordinance exempts an owner or operator of an existing business who tears down his buildings and undertakes to rebuild them with greatly increased facilities, including additional means of access to said premises and therefore including additional burdens upon the adjacent streets.

Construing Section 3 with the remainder of the ordinance, we have reached the conclusion that it was intended by said ordinance to exempt only the existing capital and business of public gasoline and oil filling stations, and to relieve the existing owner of such stations from being subjected to a possible loss of an existing investment and business.

We do not intend to hereby express an opinion as to the extent an owner of an existing property may go in the way of repairs Or improvements to an existing plant without subjecting himself to the provisions of section one of said ordinance.

*285We are of opinion, however, that when an owner tears down an existing structure and erects a new one with greatly increased storage capacity and equipment, with a new driveway and means of access thereto, and arranges to equip the new building with electrical displays such as are contemplated and so forth, that such person falls within section one of said ordinance.

We have carefully considered the plans, specifications and other evidence which has been presented and are of opinion that the proposed improvements do not bring the relator within the exemption provided in Section 3 of said ordinance.

In view of the conclusions above stated, it is apparent that the relator has not established a clear right to the relief sought.

Peremptory writ refused.

Allread and Ferneding, JJ., concur.