about to complete their training to mect qualifications. Some of these workers
took part in the installation of the 11 cold storage chambers of this type last
year, in the nation's capital. In addition to one Mozambican engineer, there
were participating in this work electricians, refrigeration technicians, and
inspectors of insultation and panel assembly.

Importance of the Undertaking

When requested to comment on the economic importance of the future establish-
ment, the PESCOM director in Beira, Magido Ali, said: "The installation of
this equipment represents a qualitative leap in terms of providing infrastruc-
tures aimed at ensuring excellent work in the conservation of fish products,
the reception of the products, especially imported fish, and the removal of
the quotas destined not only for this province, but also for Manica and Tete."
Magido Ali added that the Project resulted from the need to renovate certain
infrastructures that constituted the foundations for the creation of PESCOM,
as well as the fact that there is a great necessity for ensuring the good quali-
ty of the products marketed by the enterprise, such as fish and shrimp for
domestic consumption, as well as other shellfish.

As we were told, the preliminary work to create the conditions for the beginning
of the projects took place at the end of 1983. This phase consisted of a
survey of the state of preservation of the facilities, and visits by the Danish
technical agencies, among others, associated with this undertaking.

Following this phase, the execution of the projects will continue, in an endeavor
started in April of this year.

2909
CSO: 3442/36

S€


The Honorable Minister of Finance, Chief Peete Nkuebe Peete, in supporting the
motion, said that there was no opposition in Lesotho because the names of the
five people who claim to be opposition leaders did not exist in the politics of
this country. Chief Peete said these same leaders are not ashamed to call the
right honorable the prime minister's name with disrespect, but have the
audacity to address the South African leader, P.W. Botha, as the honorable.

The Honorable Member of Parliament, Chief (Halimakale Molapo Motsoeni) said
that so-called leaders like Mr Ramoraboli were just interested in where the
money is, and today he payed homage to Botha because he was their paymaster.
Chief Motsoeni said the so-called leader of the MFP, Mr B.M. Khaketla, has
been dead politically from the time he was thrown with rotten eggs by Basotho
in a true expression of their opinion about him. The motion was passed
unanimously by the honorable house.

/12712
CsO: 3400/434

22


NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
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transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text ]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
Processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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20402. .

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.


JPRS“SSArB5~124
18 December 1985

vinnsa LEONE

MUSLIMS DISAPPOINTED BY INSUFFICIENT SAUDI AID
AB111842 Paris AFP in French 1418 GMT 11 Nov 85

[Text] Freetown, 11 Nov (AFP)--Yesterday evening, Abdallah Omar Naseef
{spelling of name as received], the secretary general of the World Muslim
League, rejected the accusation of insufficient assistance to West African
Muslims leveled against Saudi Arabia at the opening in Freetown of the
International Conference for the Propagation of the Islamic Faith.

According to the chairman of the Sierra Leonean Supreme Islamic Council,
Alhaji Jallow Timbo, “the Sierra Leonean Muslims feel they have been
forgotten and they are disappointed by Saudi Arabia's passive attitude
toward assistance to the country's religious activities."

The Supreme Islamic Council of Sierra Leone calls on Saudi Arabia to puild

hospitals in the country's major cities and to provide financial assistance
for the creation of a college of Islamic studies, he added. Ten requests,

two of which have been granted, were made to the Saudis during a visit

he paid to Riyadh last March, he recalled.

Ibrahim Kamara,..the Sierra Leonean minister of social affairs who is also
responsible for religious affairs, pointed out that his government spent
about 1 million leones ($1 equals 6 leones) this year on Sierra Leonean
pilgrims for their trips to Mecca.

In reply, Omar Naseef announced that the World Muslim League would finance
the pilgrimage.of a number of Sierra Leoneans next year and would give
an additional aid, on which he did not elaborate.

Mr Naseef told AFP that the needs of West African Muslims were "considerable
and continuously increasing." He added: "We have built many Islamic centers
in West Africa and we do not regard this as negligible." 2 :

The World Muslim League, whose headquarters is in Mecca, was founded in

1964 and it has provided funding for a certain number of projects in the
fields of culture and education in 120 countries around the world: 25
hospitals in Africa, refugee camps in Somalia, Chad, Sudan, Uganda, Ethiopia,
and Mozambique.

There are about 2.5 million Sunnites in Sierra Leone which is a member country
of the Islamic Conference Organization. The Freetown conference will last 3 days.

/12858
cso: 3400/404
65



Africans, it perceives its interest as being harmed by any move from the
direction of overthrowing the regime and allowing change that would lead to
the elimination of privileges. It would be recognized that the persuasion
that the present-day oversea's advocates is not a new concept in the history
of our struggle.

Our people have in the Past tried to talk to the regime, the issue of
transferring power but it has had no effect except to make the regime more
arrogant and oppressive. Again the regime's response has not been to reform
the system but make it more extensive. Even those who have resorted to
nothing stronger than Persuasion and dialogue have been viciously persecuted.
The racist regime has had countless opportunities to listen to the oppressed
People of our country who wish to persuade it and act on that advice. It
chose instead to ban them out of existence and ignore their pleas.

Within South Africa itself, those who were formerly advocates of persuasion,
themselves admit that the approach is unlikely to Produce more than the most
insignificant change if any at all, even when sincerely promoted and
vigorously pursued. It is against this background that the oppressed people
of our country came to recognize that the situation in the country demands a
much more vigorous approach.

There are, of course, real doubts as to whether the overseas advocates of
persuasion are either sincere in promoting this approach or serious in
implementing it.

Those governments and corporations which are more vocal in proclaiming the
advantages of their approach, claim that their Persuasion can have more effect
than that of the people themselves because they are in a more powerful
position. But what changes have these Pressed for? When last did any of the
big corporations with interests in South Africa Propose effective measures to
dismantle apartheid? In fact the so-called changes they have Pressed for, if
any, have been some changes as a result but not real changes, not the required
changes that will be directed to the fundamental structures of apartheid.

While persuasion has been advocated, there are more effective measures that
rely not on friendly relations with the regime but on an effective approach of
confronting and isolating [as heard] but have been deliberately cast away as
likely to undo the good that persuasion might have done. Persuasion has been
tried and found wanting as a means of bringing about the fundamental change
required in the country today. ‘Those who continue to advocate this approach
in the light of the experience of the people themselves and of the intransi-

the regime [words indistinct]. The constructive engagement approach retains
the persuasion approach, the idea of maintaining and even fostering links with
South Africa. It advocates that dialogue cannot be enough on its own and that


JPRS*SSA+85+124
18 December 1985

CONGO

BRIEFS

JAPANESE TV EQUIPMENT--Brazzaville, 6 Nov (ACT/PANA) --Japan will donate to
Congo technical equipment for television Production valued at Y40 million
(about 75 million CFA francs). Documents concerning this gift were exchanged
on Monday between Wilson Abel Ndessaboka, permanent secretary at the Congolese
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, and Japanese Ambassador Tsuneo
Oyake. This equipment will help strengthen the production of educational and
cultural programs of the Congolese national television, an official statement
pointed out. [Text] [Dakar PANA in French 1005 GMT 6 Nov 85 AB] /12712

CSO: 3400/454

12



gpRSeSSA785°124
18 December 1985

SIERRA LEONE

NEW TRAWLERS COMMISSIONED, FISHERY PRODUCTIVITY DISCUSSED
Freetown SUNDAY WE YONE in English 6 Oct 85 p 2

[Text] Sierra Leone moved one more step towards national self-sufficiency in
fish production when four new trawlers costing approximately six million U.S.
dollars were commissioned last Friday by the President, Dr. Siaka Stevens.

The occasion also marked the official opening and dedication of a new, cold
room complex costing Le4.2 million at the Sierra Leone Fishing Company's base
at Kissy Dockyard.

The four new trawlers were ordered by company from South Korea.

Accompanying President Stevens to the ceremony were President-Elect,
Major-General J. S$. Momoh, Acting First Vice-President F M. Minah and Acting
Second Vice-President Dr. Idriss M. Fofana.

‘
Welcoming guests to the ceremony, The General Manager and Director of the
Sierra Leone Fishing Company, Mr. A. Thorlu-Bangura explained that with the
acquisition of the new trawlers, the company's monthly output would increase
from 200 tons to 600 tons.

This however, is a far cry from the monthly requirement of 1,500 tons per
month.

The company would therefore have to supplement the country's needs from
production of the Russian fleet which already is costing 750,000 U.S. dollars.

Mr. Thorlu Bangura pointed out however that quite apart from increased
contributions to government revenue and guaranteeing jobs and regular incomes
to more than 1,200 employees, the company saved the nation foreign exchange to
the tune of 14 million dollars annually, which it would have had to spend for
the importation of fish for local consumption.

Already, the company has spent approximately 20 million U.S. dollars on its

fishing fleet, and more than Lel3 million in local infrastructure including
cold rooms, jetty, smoking plants and freezing tunnel.

71



UNDP PLEDGES MORE SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 25 Oct 85 pp 1,6

[artic

[Text]

le by J. N. Elliott]
The United Nations
Development Program

is expected to infuse
about $11.56 million
into Liberia to im-
prove the country's
agricultural sector
and human resources.

According to the U.N.

coordinator in Monro~
via, Mr.Francis Blain,
the amount will be
used to fund phase-
four of the organiza-
tion's assistance Pro~
gram to Liberia.

In an interview Wed~
nesday he said this
phase is expected to
be implemented short-
ly pending the appro-
val of recommendations
submitted last June
by the UNDP to its pa~
rent body, the United
Nations.

Mr. Blain, who is
also the UNDP -repre-
sentative in Liberia,
said his organization
decided to concentrate
on improving the coun-

try's agricultural and
human resources sec-
tors based on a re-

quest submitted by
government during a
recent meeting held

with UNDP officials.

He said the fourth-
phase of the assis~
tance program is ex-
pected to be increased
by $1.14 million as
compared to $10 mil-
lion made available
by the UNDP during the
previous phase.

He said of the latter
amount, $9.8 million
has already been ex-
pended on some 33 pro-
jects including em-
ployment, education,
natural resources,
transportation,health,
among others.

Mr. Blain, who has
served the U.N. for
the last five years,
said besides those
areas mentioned above,
the UNDP has also as~

sisted in promoting:

29

JPRS=SSA-85-124
18 December 1985

LIBERIA



one capable of generating enough electricity for a city three times the size
of Johannesburg.

The program calls for a doubling of the country's electricity output during
this decade. As a result of all this, South Africa is now more than 80
percent self-sufficient in its energy needs, and there are still more plans
for expansion.

The weapon of the of1 boycott has experienced the same history as almost all
sanctions. It has been a dismal failure.

/9599
CSO: 3400/451

100


to establish such projects falls to the public authorities) to develop and
conduct an activity jointly.

With the multiplication of joint ventures, among which inter-relationships
will develop, particularly because of the complementarity that wil] have been
established, the plans for the various joint ventures will be coordinated at
the central plan level, Then, a dialogue will be established between the
latter and the individual plans of the various joint ventures. The central
Plan will not only be a synthesis of the individual Plans, but will include
also the major orientations in the regional integration as a whole,

The regional Planning promoted by such a dialogue will then have its own
requirements and its own rule of Operation. Regional integration will thus be
an irreversible process and will Strengthen, particularly by including, when
the social and political conditions are favorable, those sectors that would be
worth regionalizing, but have not yet been regionalized. The dynamic of
regional planning could thus contribute to the economic and social change in
the participating countries, so that in the long term they will come to have a
self-centered economy that is part of the regionalization process.

rawing up of basic principles that should be respected in order to guarantee
its launching and long-term development. These principles relate to
protecting the national sovereignty, the community well-being, the defined
criteria of sound economics, a policy of self-financing, a joint
representation in international bodies, and the establishment of adapted
institutions. The establishment of a regional integration process will have
to be accompanied by formation of two institutions: the Council of Ministers
and the Commission.

Commission of the Indian Ocean

The peoples that are members of the Commission of the Indian Ocean (10C) share
a common history and culture, in particular Mauritius, Reunion and the
Seychelles. The countries of the I0C do Present varying characteristics in
respect to area, population, level of development and life, political status,
and government System. Madagascar alone has 98.8 percent of the land area of
this region, and 83.2 percent of the population. Mauritius has the most
advanced industrial structure, with its free zone, and, if an excessively free
trade policy were applied, could flood the region's markets with its products,
especially those of the Seychelles and the Comoros, where manufacturing
industry is virtually nonexistent, Reunion, a French department, has the
highest standard of living in the region thanks to the huge subsidies from
France that artificially support its economy.

It is recalled that the goal of the I0C is to establish “the foundations and
framework of a renewed, fruitful and durable cooperation” in the diplomatic,
economic, scientific and cultural fields.

According to Dr Pierre Yin, Reunion's admission as a full nember will pose
legal obstacles, As a French department, Reunion cannot establish
international relations, according to the legal norms of the French state.
Reunion's Participation in the I0C would thus amount to France's entry.

36



JPRS ~S840850194
December 1985

SIERRA LEONE

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION PLANS FINALIZED
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 12 Sep 85 pl
[Article by Eve Langba]

[Text] The Chief Electoral Commissioner, Mr. Philip Palmer has said in
Freetown that the date for the forthcoming presidential election is yet to be
announced, but confirmed that a voter's list and calendar of events has been
prepared. Mr. Palmer however hinted at October for the election..

Speaking in an exclusive interview, Mr. Palmer said that the Chief Justice, Mr
Livesley Luke, who is the sole Returning Officer is to fix the date for the
election. He disclosed that the Chief Justice will be assisted by Counting
Officers in the various constituencies throughout the country.

Electorates, the Electoral Commission Chief said, will be casting their votes
at 3,200 polling stations throughout the country and pointed out that 2,960
polling stations will be provided in the provinces. The remaining 240, he
added, will be placed in the Western Area, Waterloo and Koya Rural districts.

Describing the ballot boxes the Commissioner said that a red box with the
photograph of the sole presidential candidate, Major General J. S. Momoh and a
blank box painted black will be lodged in each polling station.

Mr. Palmer confirmed that ballet tokens normally referred to as marbles will
be use by Voters.

"Due to the enthusiasm amongst the people in the places the Major General has
visited so far, we expect a large turnout of voters,” Mr. Palmer said.

/13104
cso: 4300/441

61



JPRS-SSA+85~124
18 December 198

MAURITIUS

ISSUE-BASED INDIAN OCEAN NETWORK HOLDS SYMPOSTUM
Fishing, 011 Development
Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 10 Sep 85 p 7

[Text] The economic development of the Indian Ocean region should be based on
exploitation of our marine resources, particularly fish and oil. This was
affirmed by Dr C. Okidi, researcher for the Institute for Development Studies,
in his address to the Symposium of the Issue Based Indian Ocean Network
(IBION) on the topic: “Development, resources, and the effect of development
on the environment."

First, Dr Okidi concentrated on definition of the term “development” and
stressed the dynamic connotation of this term. He was nonetheless aware that
the so-called “developing” countries are, based on the various indicators,
those worst endowed,

Agricultural Economy

Returning to the Indian Ocean region, Mr Okidi stressed that these countries
usually have economies based on agriculture, with almost 80 Percent of the
population involved in the primary sector. Despite this fact, the researcher
emphasized, many of these countries cannot meet the food needs of their
population and are subject to famine and malnutrition.

From the aspect of health, the countries of the region are characterized by
low life expectancy from birth. Research shows that this is the result of
inadequate food supply systems and water supply, and unsuitable waste service.

To back up these arguments, Dr Okidi gave the ratio of doctors to individuals,
With the exception of Mauritius and the Seychelles, where there is at least
one doctor per 3,000 inhabitants, the other countries of the region have one
doctor per 10,000 or more, reaching 34,000 for Mozambique.

Risky Foundation
Economic trade between the region's countries is very low, Dr Okidi

emphasized, because these countries produce more or less the same things,
Thus, the prospects for trade are limited.


JPRS+SSA°85~124
18 December 1985

SIERRA LEONE

PLANS FOR NATIONAL CENSUS OUTLINED
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 26 Sep 85 pp 2, 8
[Text] The Chairman of the National Population Commission, Mr. Peter Tucker

who is also Commissioner of the National Population Census has said in
Freetown that any National Population Census is a very expensive undertaking.

Government with assistance from the United Nations Fund for Population
Activities, UNFPA.

The National Population Census is schedulled from December 2-11 this year.

Mr. Peter Tucker said the UNFPA assistance does not include the payment of
dollars to Government of the Census Secretariat.

The Commissioner commended the Untied Nations for Providing vehicles, computer
and equipment and expert personnel.

He expressed thanks to the German Ambassador, Mr. Christian Nakonz for making
it possible for the West German Government to undertake the printing of one
and a half million sheets of Questionnaries, 800 satchels and over 1,000 ball
point pens.

Committees.

Mr. Peter Tucker said that over 1,000 People have been trained to serve as
Field Officers and Supervisors during the period of enumeration and they will
also assist to promote the idea of the Census.

113104
CSO: 3400/442

64


JPRS=SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

WARNING SYSTEM FROM ISRAEL--South Africa is re
electronic warning border fence from Israel. The fence is the type used by
Israel to prevent guerrillas infiltrating its frontiers and a similar type of
fence apparently is used to protect Buckingham Palace in London. Left-wing
politicians in Israel say a South Africa mission recently visited the country
with a view to buying the fence. The members of parliament have demanded an
urgent debate on the subject, because they say the sale is a serious act of
support for South Africa's apartheid policy. But an Israeli Foreign Ministry
official says he has no knowledge of the visit of the South African mission.
[Text] [Umtata Capital Radio in English 0700 GMT 19 Nov 85] /9599

portedly planning to buy an

cso: 3400/451

_ 101



Our Efforts Wore Well Spent

[Question] Getting back to your mission to the United States: What doos
the WACL have in common with the "Democratie Internattonal," founded several
weeks ago in Jamba, Savimbi's CHO, under the auspices of the "Citizens for
America" movemont, which was not attended by RT

[Answer] They arc two separate organizations, both of a private character,
but with a common objective: The fight against communism, against countries
dominated by it or threatened by it, 7 may add that RENAMG 1s already a
part of the Democratic International, Tiat right was granted to us,

[Question] In additfon to the WACL meeting in Dallas, your delep
in the United States to pet aid, From whem? With what results?

ation was

[Answer] From Dallas we went to Washington and there we contacted many
people, including congressmen, We found the same things we had already
discovered in Dallas: A great degree of ignorance as to the real sftuatfon
on Mozambique, the democratic character of our movement and the totalftarfan
and brutal character of the FRILINO regime as well as the assumpt fon that
the scales in the struggle are tipping iv favor of the fovernment,

[Question] But in Washington or, in other words, in Conprese and in various
political circles, these problems were raised not Jong apo, to the point
that any new financial ald from the United States to Mozambique was made to
depend upon a liberalization of the regime,

[Answer] That is true, There was some information to that effect. but
not much, J am sure that they are much better informed now, Tie visit

by Samora Machel triggered violent criticism from various sectors and some
articles published in this respect, particularly in THE WASHINGTON TIMES,
were very harsh. One of the journalists, for example, wrote that the
people of Mozambique are not suffering duce to the Resistance but rather
due to 10 years of oppression, Another one recalled that Samora Macho
"is the only man responsible for the crisis in Mozambique." The same
newspaper published an entire page devoted to quotations from Dictator
Machel-~all] of which proved his Marxist position, We, for our part, tried
to brief both the Republican and the De mocratic congressmen, We returned
with the realization that our efforts were well spent, There are at least
five Senators who Proposed to ask the administration to give substantial
financial aid to those who are fighting for the liberation of Mozambique,
Of course, all of the aid we may receive will be welcome~-sinee there are
already many countries that are helping us--but what wo consider to be

of priority importance ig that the Western democractoe should not help

a Marxist regime in surviving and perpetuating dts despotism,

Samora Machel Cannot Shake off Marxist Control

[Question] Is Prestdent Reagan being censured for having invited Samora
Machel?

42


tells of a phenomenon
that has been spawned
by unemployment in
Sharpeville.

These are the stok:*
vels. He rattled off
hames of so many in one
bicath: Ebony, Mjaka-
thata. Ladies Night,
Lapologa. A-Team,
Progress. Ho Lukile.
New Born Baby, Sun:
day Morning ete

“Because many men
and women are without
jobs. the stokvels are
the only way of making
a bit of money without
turning to crime. But
the result is that many
marriages are breaking
‘up because of these
stokvels.” Mr Teman-
yane said. *

/12828
CSO: 3400/424

84


JPRS*SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

ANGOLA

SAVIMBI APPEALS FOR AID, SAYS UNITA COULD LOSE
MB141334 Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 13 Nov 85 pl
[Article by Peter Wallington]

[Text] UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi jas warned that unless the West gives his
rebel movement military aid it could lose the war in Angola.

Savimbi told me UNITA had been weakened by the recent MPLA offensive. If the
rebels were defeated, Angola would become the base for Soviet expansionism
throughout southern Africa, he warned.

The Soviet Union had turned Angola into a military base that threatened the
stability of the sub-continent.

"angola is the battle ground for southern Africa," he said.

Savimbi said that while UNITA had lost control of a number of towns in the
northeast, the MPLA and their Cuban allies had failed in their main objective--
to take Mavinga and Jamba.

I visited Savimbi's Jamba headquarters as Angola celebrated its 10th year of
independence.

Savimbi said the number of Cuban troops jad increased from 12,000 to about
40,000 and the Angolan government jad obtained sophisticated Russian weaponry,
including MIG 21 and 23 jet fighters.

Intelligence sources indicated that government forces were regrouping and
Savimbi expected another offensive "at any time".

He said a defeat for the MPLA before December's meeting of its hierarchy would
strengthen the hand of MPLA moderates, who argues that talks were the only way
to stop the Angolan war.

“This is why it is so important for the U.S. to help UNITA. Helping the
moderates will ultimately contribute towards peace in this country," Savimbi
said.



MAURITIUS

Issue-Based Indian Ocean Network Holds Symposium
(L'EXPRESS, 10 Sep 85; LE MAURICIEN, 11, 14 Sep 85) ...++

Fishing, Oil Development
Dr Yin on Regional Cooperation
Closing Session

MOZAMBIQUE

Machel Visits Military Instruction Center
(NOTICIAS, 17 Oct 85) ..-

Renamo Official Says Resistance Movement Continues
(Artur Janeiro da Fonseca Interview; 0 DIABO, 15 Oct 85)

Atmosphere of Distrust Reigns in Maputo
(Lourenco Jossias; DOMINGO, 13 Oct 85) secccveccseecececs

Manave Receives FDS Members During Vigilance Week
(NOTICIAS, 19 Oct 85) ..

UEM Graduates Country's First Geographer
(NOTICIAS, 19 Oct 85) seccceccccreccccressesercerserceee®

Fish From Tete Marketed in Manica
(NOTICIAS, 19 Oct B5) cavccccccccerscesecsesreesereresees

Party Praises Bilene, Chokwe for Food Production
(NOTICIAS, 19 Oct 85) sececsecceceeerccersesersersserees®

Cold Storage Facilities for PESCOM in Beira
(NOTICIAS, 19 Oct 85) seceeseseeeecceccerscerersersreree®

Briefs
Administrators Receive Medals
Tools for Beira Green Zones

NIGERIA

Two Tribunals To Review Detention Cases
(Lagos Domestic Service, 6 Nov ee

Trade Debts, Financial Deadlines Reviewed
(AFP, 15 Nov 85) sesecceeceeccenersccrecereees

SIERRA LEONE

Presidential Election Plans Finalized
(Eve Langba; DAILY MAIL, 12 Sep B5) ceccecccccccvcccccees

32
32

37

39

40

45

48

50

52

54

55

57

58

59

61



JPRS« sq

18 “85-124

December 198;

MOZAMBIQUE

MACHEL VISITS MILITARY INSTRUCTION CENTER
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Oct 85 p 1

[Text] Yesterday, President Samora Machel visited a politico-military training
center in Maputo Province, where he witnessed the demonstration given by the
students and a military parade of soldiers in a more advanced phase of their
training.

The commander in chief of the Armed Forces of Mozambique (FPLM) traveled. to that
center accompanied by members of the Council of Ministers, and was received
there by the center's director and the governor of Maputo Province.

The head of state paid a lengthy visit to the facilities, holding a dialogue
with youths recently incorporated into the Armed Forces. He paid particular
attention to the housing conditions, food and clothing of the young people who
joined the Armed Forces in response to the summons from the fatherland.

President Samora Machel appeared to be greatly satisfied with the progress that
he noted in the organization of the center's activity.

Also accompanied by members of the Council of Ministers, President Samora Machel
later had lunch at the center's facilities with the troops, sergeants and
officers detailed there.

2909
CSO: 3442/36



eee" ——=«

Referring to the Ministry's application for aid from Western Europe and
Washington for the rehabilitation of the electricity supply system in the
Western Area, Mr. Sembu Forna said that after months of careful studies, he
dinitialled a seven million European Unit of Account agreement with the
European Investment Bank (EIB) in Luxembourg and a further 11.6 million
Special Drawing Rights (SDR) from the World Bank in Washington amounting to 16
million U.S. dollars.

Mr. Sembu Forna said part of the conditions of this World Bank credit, is the
liquidation of the total 30 million leones owed to the Authority and an
increase in electricity tariff.

The Minister spoke against unnecessry wastes of energy by consumers and called
for an attitude of conservation consciousness.

"People at home, in private and government offices are wasting, too much
electricty by way of leaving appliances switched on without regard for energy
conservation. The result is an overload on the NPA machines to generate more
power which leads to overloading and very little electricity to industries,”
Mr. Sembu Forna said.

113104
cso: 3400/442



united trade union movement which uses its power on the side of liberation is
the greatest nightmare of the (?Bothas). We must also beware of some revolu-
tionary founding trade unionists who deny the vital connection to flag
Jiberation and socialism by trying to put us away from the mainstream of the
struggle for people's power. They weaken the leading role of the workers at
all stages of the struggle. Only the racists benefit from such a policy. The
enemy will continue to work overtime in an attempt to divide the popular
forces and to sow confusion. No amount of force can in the end defeat a
united nation, a united working class and a united liberation front. Let us
not become the victims of the enemy's basic tricks. Brother must not fight
brother.

Now, let us turn to an important aspect of our liberation struggle--the
training for underground work. Let us look at how one can go about setting up
a secret network. Secret work helps us overcome the problems created by the
enemy. This helps in the vital task of building an underground organization
or secret network. The network must lead the people in the struggle for
power. It does not compete with the progressive legal organization but
reinforces it. Here are some of the measures involved:

Only serious and reliable poeple can be included in the secret network. The
leaders must study the recruits very carefully. They are looking for people
who are politically clear, determined, disciplined, honest and sober. People
who can keep a secret, people who are brave and capable of defying the enemy
even if captured.

Recruits are organized into a unit or cell of three or four people. The
number is limited in case of failure or arrest. The cell leader is the most
experienced member. The cell members must not know the other members of the
network. Only the cell leader knows and is in contact with the most senior
member of the network. This senior contact gives instructions from the
leadership and receives reports.

A small committee of the most experienced people leads the network, even the
leadership cell--of two or three persons. These cells might be in charge of a
section, location, township or city. The city underground committee is at the
top. Local cells are at the base. Middle command cells are in between.

Start with one cell. Gain experience before building more.

A rule of secret work is that members must know only that which is necessary
to fulfill their task. Everyone from top to bottom must have good cover
stories to protect [themselves]. This is a legend or story which hides the
real work being done. For example, a secret meeting in a party is made to
look like discussions between friends. If they are ever questioned they give
the legend that they simply bumped into each other and had a discussion about
(peace). All members of the network are given code names. This is to conceal
their real identity. They must have good identification documents, especially
those living an illegal life. A lot of time and effort must be taken to (see
that) good legends protect our people. There is nothing that arouses suspi-
cion as much as a stranger who has no good reason for being around. All

79



113064
JPRS-SSA-85-124

18 December 1985

410 2260866)

Sub-Saharan Africa Report 7

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY
NATIONAL TECHNICAL

INFORMATION SERVICE | /
US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE i

____ SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 -
NB

AgG


JPRS+SSA*85+124
18 December 1985

HARARE WOOS SOUTH AFRICAN DISINVESTMENT LOBBY

Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 1-7 Nov 85 p 4

{Article by Colleen Lowe] ©

[Text]

IF you're pulling out of South Africa,
why not pull into Zimbabwe?

This is the newest sales pitch devised
in a bid to woo foreign investment,
according to Norman Reynolds, chief
executive of the Zimbabwe Promotion
Council (ZPC), which. promotes '
Zimbabwe overseas.

“It's not the council alone," he added
recently. "The banks are obviously
key people. But we have had meetings,
we've discussed it with government,
and we've been in touch with a variety
‘of agencies on this score.” .

Only two months ago, Director of
Information John Tsimba was sent to
New York to fill a new senior public |
relations post set up largely to draw |
investments to Zimbabwe.

According to Reynolds, prime
targets of the carhpaign are companies
pulling out or planning to pull out of
South Africa.

Over the past four years, mounting |,

international pressure against -

apartheid has forced foreign
investment down from $2,6-billion
(R6,5-billion) in 1981 to $1,8:
(R4,5-billion) in 1984,

While British firms have tended
only to threaten . boycotts,
disinvestment has been taken more
seriously in the United States.

In anticipation of economic turmoil
in South Africa, Zimbabwe also has
taken some precautions to disentangle
itself from South African-linked
capital.

>~"For historical reasons, most of the
300 multinational companies here
have been extensions of South African
‘operations, according to a
spokesperson for the Confederation of
Zimbabwe Industries (CZI). ,
Investment has been one of the
 sorest points for the country. Despite
“its relative peace and economic
prosperity, Zimbabwe has only
attracted some $50-million (R125-
: million) worth of investment since_
independence from white minority
rule in 1980. -

Among the reasons cited for this
slim showing are ideological:
uncertainty, bureaucratic inertia and!
political instability in the
southwestem part of the country.

These and other factors still make it
difficult to persuade companies which .
have seen their money grow in South
Africa to turn to Zimbabwe instead,
Reynolds said. j

“There is a difficulty, because of the
history of the image of our country, to
set up Zimbabwe as the alternative to
South Africa,” he noted.

“The other problem is that in many
“respects we are not an alternative. We
are too small. South Africa is much

105

ZIMBABWE



DJIBOUTI

Two Army Captains Ar
(THE INDIAN o}

ETHIOPIA

Selected Economic In

rested
CEAN NEWSLETTER, 19 Oct 85)

dicators Reviewed

(THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, 19 Oct 85) eee e eee e eae

GHANA

Kyekewere New Potent
(Faustina Ash

Minister Says Fuel T.
(Acera Domest

Offshore Oil Prospec

ial Base for Gold, Survey Completed
irifie; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Oct 85)

‘ax Being Considered

ic Service, 13 Nov 85) tee e cece eee ecc eee eeee

ting To Be Undertaken

(Eugene Thompson; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 26 Oct 85) ....

Bauxite Export Figures, Company's Public Service

(Kwane Penni; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 4 Nov 85) .........

LESOTHO

House of Assembly Cr
(Maseru Domes

LIBERIA

Defense Minister Wari
(FOOTPRINTS TI

Budget Bureau Streamlines Government Expenditure

(Joseph Teh;

Planning Ministry La
(FOOTPRINTS

Work Resumes on Worl
(NEW LIBERTAN

UNDP Pledges More Su
(J..N. Elliot

Financial Strains Ma
(J..N. Elliot

iticizes Opposition

tic Service, 15 Nov 85) tence eee e eee ee ee eces

ns Newspapers on Destabilizing Government
ODAY, 2 NOV 85) .eceecccccececeuesccceencees

NEW LIBERIAN, 29 Oct 85) teen eee e eee cc eens

unches Census of Establishments
30 Oct 85) Lee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeceenceene

d Bank Financed Projects

» LNov 85) seecceecee ee ecssceceeeeeeennes

pport for Agricultural Sector

t; NEW LIBERIAN, 25 Oct 85)

y Cause Power Production Cuts

t; NEW LIBERIAN, 31 Oct 85)

13

4

17

18

20

21

23

24

26

27

29

31


/12828
CSO;

bigger. It’s far more complex and
Sophisticated.”

However, he added, “For many
companies, products and processes,
Zimbabwe could at least be a part-
alternative to South Africa. We
understand from banks here, and
from the contacts we have, that there
is a fair amount of interest.

“That could take many forms, of
Course. One could be cynical window
dressing, such as setting up a head
office here and calling it ‘head office
Africa limited’, rather than ‘head
office South Africa’.

“I don't think we are very interested
in that."

But, he noted, two regional

groupings have helped set Zimbabwe
up as a regional centre.

The first is the Southern Africa
Development Coordination
Conference (SADCC), a nine-member
Grouping of black southem African
States which aims to ease dependence

3400/427

END

106

on South Africa through regional
economic cooperation

The other is the 15-member East
and Southern African Preferential
Trade Area (PTA), part of an effort
to create an African economic
community by the year 2 000

“There is a clear amount of
optimism among investors that
Zimbabwe will become much more of
a regional hub," he said

In the short term, however, he
concedes the very instability in South
Africa which is being used by
Zimbabwe as an argument to invest
here has left some uncertainty.

“We still don't have a company that
has publicly declared that it will come
and set up in Harare,” he noted

“Whereas things were moving in
that direction, the last three months
have seen such an acceleration of
events in South Africa that in terms of
business decisions, we just have to
'—IPS



WORK RESUMES ON WORLD BANK FINANCED PROJECTS

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 1 Nov 85 p 12

[Text]

Construction work
on the Monrovia Urban
Development Project
(MUDP), is to resume
here today by the So-
cieta Porto Della Tor-
re Construction Com-
pany.

The project which
cov@rs Claratown,Slip-
way and Soniewein here
came to a standstill
six months ago as a
result of a freeze im-
posed in March by the
World Bank on: Loans
to Liberia. The pro-
ject is jointly spon-
sored) ‘by the Bank and
the Liberian Govern
ment.

“The branch manager.

of the company, Mr.
Antonio Domicoli, who
disclosed this at his
office yesterday, said
his company is among
seven contracting
firms responsible for
implementing the pro-
ject for which a $13.3
million agreement was
concluded between gov-
ernment and the World
Bank in 1981.

Work on the project
includes the construc-
tion of two elemen-
tary schools,32 public
toilets, markets,three
clinics, as well as
streets and drainages
in the three areas.

Mr. Domtcoli}, said
the company was pre~
sently in charge of
paving the streets and
drainages, as well as
installing water lines.

The seven contract-
ing firms including
Porto Torre suspended
work on the MUDP, pro-
ject around April this
year, while at the
same time Porto Torre
slowed down pavement.
of the 32-mile Toto-~
ta-Kakata Highway.

Mr. Domicoli, said
the African Develop-

ment Bank (ADB) based
in the Ivory Coast had
also announced a free-

27

JPRS+SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

LIBERIA



JPRS-SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

RESEARCHER SAYS FORCE OF ARMS WILL NOT BRING PEACE

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 6 Nov 85 p 8

[Article by Peter Honey]

{Text]

arms is really no peace
at all,” writes re-
searcher Graham Howe, of
Natal University’s Centre for
Applied Social Sciences, in the
latest issue of the centre's quar-
terly review, Indicator SA.
Howe’s comment concludes an
article comparing the current so--
cial upheavals in SA with those of
the Sixties.
Although published too recent-
ly to take into account govern-

in’ APPARENT peace
imposed by force of

ment’s sweeping crackdown on :

media coverage by television,
film or sound, the article is par-
ticularly relevant to the media
clamp which was announced at
the weekend.

The Indicator study notes that

while both the 1960 and 1985

states of emergency, and preced-
ing events, saw mass detentions,
the huge deathtoll of the last 14
months — now more than 800 —
is a new phenomenon.

This and the 700 dead in the
1976/7 upheavals reflect a civil
war ipody count” rather than
conceivable “civilian riot” fatali-
ties, says Howe.

In the build-up to the 1985
emergency the security forces
emerged as “an undeniably sub-
jective element of the raging
Political conflict”,

“In suppressing black protest,
they are forced to bear frontline
responsibility as symbols of

* widely rejected government poli-

cy on segregated education,
national and local government
and general apartheid issues.

‘B
ehind the scenes, the major
contending forces of white and
black nationalism remain locked
into a shifting trial of national
and international strength. Their
litical representatives seem to
fave both discounted negotia-
tions until their hands are signifi-
cantly strengthened or weak-
ened.”

The conflict is unlikely to be
resolved until the country’s poli-
tical leaders perceive that the hu-
man and economic costs
outweigh the advantages of hold-

" ing out, he says.

The declaration of emergency
in 36 magisterial districts on July
21 appears to have provided no
solution to the current problem,

. aecen ing to Howe (who was
writing before government ex-
cised six Eastern Cape and Reef
districts from the emergency and
extended it to another elght In the
Western Cape). *

He attributes the current

. emergency to primarily:

OA shift from sporadic violence
to a regional convergence of sus-

‘ tained rioting between March
and July;

O An attempted shift from arson
and assault to “an incipient form
of domestic insurgency on the
township terrain,” such as the

86


124

sprsessa785" 1985

18 pecembert

SOUTH AFRICA

PFP'S BORAINE APPEALS FOR ANTIAPARTHEID UNITY
MB150554 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1950 GMT 14 Nov 85

[Text] Cape Town, Nov 14, SAPA-~-The chairman of the federal executive of the
Progressive [Federal] Party [PFP] Dr Alex Boraine, tonight made an "urgent and
passionate" appeal to opponents of apartheid, including the UDF [United
Democratic Front] to "unite in their efforts."

Speaking at a public meeting held in Mowbray under the auspices of the PFP, he
said he was not appealing for a uniformity of approach or strategy.

"By all means, let us differ and debate and discuss and argue, but let us find
one another and work together so that apartheid will be an unpleasant,
distasteful nightmare of the past and we can build a new, democratic non-
racial South Africa.

Reference, he said, had been made to PFP "side-swipes" at the UDF.

"I agree that this is counter-productive, but would ask that we be consistent
and that we be equally critical of UDF side-swipes against the PFP."

"] have a great admiration for what the UDF has already achieved and what it
is doing, and condemn in the strongest terms the harrassment, the victimisa-
tion of this movement and the detention of its leaders."

He "certainly" did not see the PFP as being in opposition to the UDF, and
would welcome closer relationships with the movement.

“The point that I want to make is that our times are too serious and the
issues too great for any of us to indulge in innuendos, attributing motives
and divisiveness. This is a luxury we cannot afford."

pr Boraine also said it was of the "utmost importance" that groups move beyond
their opposition to apartheid and point towards a post-apartheid society.

‘We must together plan the society which is to emerge when apartheid is no

more. The anti-apartheid debate on its own is sterile, but an attempt to
wrestle with a new society is full of hope and promise."

81



spRs-SSAr85" 124
18 December 1985

BENIN

AFP VIEWS REVOLUTIONARY PARTY CONGRESS AGENDA
AB182015 Paris AFP in French 1554 GMT 18 Nov 85

[Excerpts] Cotonou, 18 Nov (AFP)--The second national congress of the People's
Revolutionary Party of Benin (PRPB) which opens officially this Monday in
Cotonou, the economic capital, will essentially have economic revival as the
keynote, it has peen learned from official sources. This congress, which
coincides with the 10th anniversary of the founding of the party, is conceived
under the double theme of "The building of an independent and prosperous
national economy on the way of socialism" and "The transformation of the PRPB
into a genuine Marxist-Leninist party." It has been in preparation for
several days already by a "National Preparatory Commission" which felt that
"ain the face of the new demands of the changing Beninese society, in view of
the evil effects of the particularly disastrous economic situation, (it was
necessary to) subject the country to a real economic pattle plan." The same
source indicated that it was a matter of "stimulating the national production
and mobilizing all the available national resources to enable the country to

better withstand the unfavorable hazards of the economic situation."

In effect, the opening of this congress comes at a time when the Beninese
economy is growing worse and worse and after the country has gone through a
political tension following student agitation within the university in April
and May this year. This unrest, which was embarked upon by the students in
demand for better working conditions, resulted in at least one death, according
to some unofficial sources, and was followed by a wave of arrests among those
referred to in Cotonou as “anarcho-leftists."

Consequently, President Kerekou's regime, which is of a resolutely Marxist-
Leninist orientation, has decided for some time now to call further on the
private sector which, in fact, had never ceased to exist even at the time when
revolutionary slogans were rife. In fact, efficiency seems to be seeking to
supersede revolutionary rhetorics since the beginning of the year, particularly
after the appeal made py President Kerekou in March this year to the private
sector to reduce the insufficiencies of the statal and parastatal sector.

This congress, which in principle is supposed to end on 24 November and which
comes 6 years after the first congress of November 1979, should take stock of
13 years of revolution in the country, and lead to a reshuffle of the party
leadership. There is also talk about a reduction in the number of the central
committee membership which, observers believe, would be logical considering the

fact that the PRPB has only a few hundred of members. [as received]

/12712
\ cso: 3400/454 9



The jury which, on several occasions, mentioned the maturity and clarity with
which Ebenizario Chonguica managed to defend the thesis for this degree,
consisted of Prof Dr Aniceto dos Muchangos, aided by two consultants: the
first, Juan Carlos de Grandi (Argentine), is head of the project to evaluate
natural resources and planning land use; and Johannes Eschewiler is a geomor-
phological researcher on the same project.

The chairman of the jury, Dr Aniceto dos Muchangos, upon submitting the final
evaluation of the degree candidate, said: "He has shown good preparation and,
in a very convincing manner, managed to defend his thesis, in addition to

having disclosed a good understanding of the topic that he proposed to defend.

Satisfied

Ebenizario Chonguica's training did not end yet with his degree yesterday. On
the contrary, new responsibilities and practical studies have been imposed on
him now. Hence, as he also told us, he must leave Mozambique today bound for
the GDR, where he will take part, for an 8-month period, in a course for minor
specialization in areas related to management and conservation of the environ-
ment.

Yesterday, at UEM, particularly in the School of Letters, the atmosphere was
festive among the instructors and students of that school. Embraces and lengthy
applause were given to Ebenizario Chonguica, thereby congratulating him for
being the first Mozambican to have attained this academic degree in our country
since independence, through UEM. It was in the midst of this atmosphere that
we once again asked him for a brief comment on his training and degree. He

made the following statement:

“What can I say at a time like this? Of course, I am quite thrilled. But the
fact is that, at times like this it is very difficult to describe what we
really feel." Ebenizario Chonguica added: "I shall feel far more satisfied
when I succeed in completing work that may be related to my training."

2909
cso: 3442/36

Sl



JPRS*SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

LABOR ORGANIZER DISCUSSES DETENTION EXPERIENCE
MB162005 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1705 GMT 15 Nov 85

[Text] Cape Town, Nov 15, SAPA--Trade unionist Miss Di Cooper, released from
two days detention yesterday, said today detentions under emergency regula-
tions in the Western Cape had become "completely random and indiscriminate."

"Tf you are a high profile person with a strong organisation backing you and
putting pressure on the authorities, then you have a change," she said.

"] am sure I was released with such speed because of the pressure put on them.

"But there are hundreds of people in there who have no public profile, whose
names will only appear in the weekly lists and not be singled out in press
stories who will languish in detention until the police feel like releasing
them."

Miss Cooper said the situation inside the detention cells was like “something
from a Kafka novel, it is completely "Alice-in-wonderlandish."

"People just sit around languishing. Kids are being picked up off the streets
for no other reason than that they look as if they could be activists, or
because they once said something at a meeting.

“Phe accounts of other detainees convince me the police have launched a reign
of terror on the streets of Cape Town, taking in anyone who has even the
vaguest political affiliation.

"They are pulling in people and letting them rot. Most of those pulled in
genuinely have no idea why they are there. Most of the time the security
police leave them alone and they have to call for the police and ask them why
are we here? The stock answer is, you should know why you are here."

"yomen who shared my cell told me they felt as if they were being used as
training material, for teaching purposes for trainee security policemen," she
added.

After the detention of Miss Cooper, an organiser for the General Worker's
Union [GWU] National Wage Negotiations with SA Stevedores LTD for 3,000

93



Investment now is at the rate of four million dollars annually, and this has
to be met by external loans and funds generated from the export of shrimps.

In his address, President Stevens described the new trawlers and cold room
complex an manifestations of the commitment of Sierra Fisheries to our overall
national economy.

over its own natural resources, it has been Bovernment's policy to encourage
Sierra Leonean companies to own vessels which will eventually form the
nucleus of a national fishing fleet.

It is therfore gratifing to note that the Sierra Leone Fishing Company has
since its inception been making steadfast and gradual progress towards meeting
our goals in fish production.

He exhorted all indigenous fishing companies to emulate the examples of Sierra
Fishing Company.

Wishing the company success in all its endeavours, Dr. Stevens said: "we are
proud of you".

13104
CSO: 3400/441

72


JPRS*SSA*85+124
18 December 1985

Among Dr Okidi's other observations: a weak transport network, particularly in
sea links, and a very developed tourist industry in certain countries, Kenya,
Seychelles, and Mauritius, but which rests on a risky foundation.

In his address, Dr Okidi reviewed the resources of the shore countries by
category as follows: coastal and land resources, marine resources, and finally
infrastructure.

The emphasis was placed on the development potential of fishing at the
regional level, given the potential of the continental shelf.

Dr Okidi stressed that the development of fishing could solve the problems of
unemployment and malnutrition. He expressed the view that in order to move
forward with this plan it would be necessary to delimit the various “exclusive
zones" and decide on the management procedures for these zones to promote
development of marine resources.

Orientation

In addition to'fish, Dr Okidi mentioned the oil resources deposited in the sea
depths. Within the framework of the IBION project, there could be stepped-up
research on development of regional level trade in oil products.

After discussing the population of the various countries and growth rates,
under the heading of human resources, Dr Okidi emphasized the needs for
training people in agricultural and fishing techniques. In regard to
infrastructure, Dr Okidi discussed the limitations and proposed a
centralization of available resources in order to carry out research into the
key fields.

He suggested that this research could be directed at various topics such as
the contribution of rivers in relation to marine resources, the effect on
population of our marine resources by ships sailing in our waters, development
of marine research, working out of an arrangement among the regional countries
for transport ‘of fish, and development of legislation specifying procedures
for management of the natural resources of the region.

Dr Yin on Regional Cooperation
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 11 Sep 85 p 5

[Text] The work in the context of the symposium “linked” to implementation of
the IBION project is continuing at the Mahatma Gandhi Institute. The main
addresses, by Dr C. 0. Ikidi of Kenya on "Economic development, regional
resources, and the impact of development on the environment"; by Prof R.
Ramchandani of India on “The geopolitics of the Indian Ocean"; and by Dr
Pierre Yin of Mauritius on “Regional Cooperation,” have stimulated a fruitful
exchange of views among the participants. It should be recalled that the
IBION project is aimed at establishing a network for dissemination of
information and knowledge about the Indian Ocean.

Presentiug his address yesterday, Dr P. Yin said: "One of the most striking
developments in regional relations in the Indian Ocean during the last few

33



OO

JPRS“SSA-85+124
18 December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

ATMOSPHERE OF DISTRUST REIGNS IN MAPUTO
Maputo DOMINGO in Portuguese 13 Oct 85 p 2
{Article by Lourenco Jossias: "Maputo--A Free City"]

[Text] Maputo is a free city, without any ban on gatherings of people,
nor any state of emergency. In Maputo there are no areas that are closed
to traffic, nor are there any restricted zones, except those places to
which access is prohibited by virtue of their nature, But we all know
where they are and they are almost always marked. We therefore live in

a free city,

But here and there, out of ignorance and opportunism on the part of one or
the other person, we can detect various measures which appear to be intended
to arouse a spirit of fear in the people, as in the story which we are now
going to tell, a story that is both true and bitter.

The place is the Museum Garden, situated in front of the Josina Machel
high school, It is 1900 on the dot and several couples of lovers and
friends are sitting on the benches set up by the people who. built the
garden; these individuals are talking, singing, and courting.

Until today, nobody ever said that it is forbidden to talk or court in the
garden. Today the garden still serves as a meeting place for people and
that is all the individuals who met there on Monday knew.

In the midst of animated conversation, a police officer, just one, approached
one of the couples who were sitting on one of the benches and began to "order"
the boy and the girl "to get going." He asked what the two were doing there
at that time; he wanted to know whether the young fellow was known to the
parents of the girl; he demanded documents and inspected them; he took some
notes on a piece of paper which he took out, and then he went away.

Threatened by the verbal violence of the police officer, the two youngsters
looked at each other, The fellow followed the police officer in an effort
to find out what was going on.

Demonstrating his correct knowledge as to the rights and duties of a citizen
of our country, talking Portuguese the way he had been taught in school, in



TERS" SSA~8 50394
December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE,

UEM GRADUATES COUNTRY'S FIRST GEOGRAPHER
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 19 Oct 85 p 8

[Text] Yesterday, the first Mozambican to receive a depree in geography from
Eduardo Mondlane University [UFM], defanded the thesis for his degree at the
School of Letters, Ebenizario William Chonpuica, aged 27, gave the disserta-
tion for the thesis in 15 minutes, and the discussion with the jury and with
the others in attendance took approximately 45 minutes. At the conclusion of
this interval, Chonguica was considered deserving of the grade of 16 points
(good). For the degree, he defended, with Sreat assurance, the thesis based

on the topic "Integrated Evaluation of Natural Resources and Planning Land Use."

The work which constituted the thesis for the degree was selected by the candi-
date after lengthy teaching, research and extension activity carried out with
various sectors of agronomical research, with particular emphasis on the Insti-
tute of Agronomical Research (INIA) in Maputo.

"Integrated Evaluation of Natural Resources and Planning Land Use" (a methodolo-
gical essay applied to Maputo Province), which served as the topic for his
degree thesis, is the subject of a Project to be carried out by INIA,

Ebenizario Chonguica is the first Mozambican to receive this degree from UEM,
and he belongs to the Broup of students who received their bachelor's degrees
in 1979, His degree is associated with the combined training of eight other
Mozambicans who are candidates for a depree, also this year, from the UFM
School of Letters, in the field of science and geography. In this way, a
start is being made to mect the requirements, in terms of qualified teaching
personnel, for Eduardo Mond lane Univesity's necds.

Visibly pleased by the success now achieved, Ebenizario Chonguica held a brief
dialogue with our reporter a few moments before his approval, describing to him
the manner in which the debates took place for 60 minutes, at the time of the
dissertation and discussion of the thesis,

The new graduate remarked: "l think that everything occurred normally, The
questions that they asked me were, generally speaking, within my capacity."

50


————— ETE: ©

other words, sure of what he was doing, the youngster, who said he was a
worker, began to "raise a ruckus" with the police officer.

"TI think that you should not be operating this way," the youngster complained
to the police officer who ordered the young fellow to shut up and threatened
to arrest him,

Stating that he is “ensuring public order," the police officer refused to
explain to the young man why he had done what he had done on that day in
approaching only those two persons: The girl and her boyfriend,

This is precisely what the young fellow wanted to know because there were
many other couples in the garden who were talking, but the police officer did
not pay any attention to them, The young fellow furthermore wanted to know
where he was taking the notes he had just taken and for what purpose.

Without paying any attention, the police officer threatened the boy, ordering
him to accept one of the following two solutions: "Either you keep silent
or you come with me,"

Very sure of himself, the boy did not yield. "J prefer to accompany you to
the station house," the boy replied rather in a nervous state and deeply
of fended,

Watching from a distance, his girlfriend was doubtful as to what to do and
she was certainly also very much afraid, “Forget it, Artur, let us go,"
she said, the few times she did open her mouth, so that the other people
present learned that the boy's name was Artur.

The discussion continued and the police officer refused to go to the police
station. The youngster wanted to go there and asked the police officer to
destroy the notes he had taken because "1 do not know who you arc, nor why
you are taking those notes."

Next, some adults of good standing, joined the little scene which was now
beginning to drag out. The students, who came out of the nearby school] at
2000, also joined in,

Among, the curious bystanders also appeared two individuals from the "authori-

ties," from one of the branches of the Defense and Security Forces. They
gave their names, they exchanged some words, and they showed thetr identity
cards, Then they issued an order,

"Erase those notes and leave those people in peace," said one of the officers
who had just arrived. Then he added: "Those are the kind of people who
ruin things; they exploit their unfform to threaten peaple; but they fall

to do their duty."

Thus shamed, the police officer left, without being able to do anything to
anybody. The comments from the crowd were the usual ones for circumstances
of this kind.

46

———— Lh sis


JPRS+SSA*85+124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

PAC ON WESTERN OPTIONS ON SOUTH AFRICA
£A152352 Dar es Salaam Voice of PAC in English 1815 GMT 14 Nov 85
[From the "Pan African Congress" program]

[Text] Revolutionary greetings, fellow compatriots and a very warm welcome to
yet another of our usual 15-minute programs. In our program today, our theme
is: traditional options by Western countries to the South African situation.
Before we proceed with our program for today, let us join the combatants of
our army--APLA {Azanian People's Liberation Army] with an interlude of
revolutionary music. [music]

A very grave situation exists in southern Africa today. In racist South
Africa, the minority settler regime continues to strengthen its political
domination and economic exploitation of the African majority. Throughout the
region, it is using the threat of the use of its formidable military power to
dominate the militarily weak, pordering, countries. As the people's
resistance mounts, it is implementing a new strategy to prolong settler
domination.

The Western countries and the United States, who claim to cherish justice and
freedom, wish, so they say, to see it prevail in racist South Africa with a
jittle suffering to the people of the region as soon as possible. Therefore
[they] have on their own accord brought out wrong diagnoses which, for
convenience, are known as persuasion and constructive engagement.

One of the ideas most (Ysufficiently) advanced in Western countries is that
there are ways of persuading the minority settler regime in South Africa to
bring change. What ig needed, we are told, is a keeping open of [words
indistinct], a channel of communication with the racist regime. Advocates of
this line of thinking argue that the way to promote change is through contact
and persuasion. (?That is) hope for reform, and severance of economic or
other links will only make the minority settlers to retreat into the laager.
The problem with this approach is that it assumes that it will be from the
white minority settlers that necessary change will come when this is quite
clearly not the case.

Because the historical logic of the oppressive system has shown that the
settler minority has never wanted any transference of power to the majority

75



JPRS*SSA*85~124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA
TRAVEL TIME, COSTS FOR BLACKS TERMED EXCESSIVE
Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 6 Nov 85 p 9
[Article by Alan Peat]
[Text] THE complaint by the Trade Union Th
fh e travel lem was caused b:
Council of South Africa (Tucsa) that legislatively problem w policies wike
black commuter travel time, dis- the Group Areas Act.
tance and cost are excessive has been. « The work travel problems that
backed by extensive investigations. . blacks face have also been highlight-
The Tucsa complaint was aimed at ed in two major from the
the 17,5% bus fare increase by Putco, National Institute for Transport and
but the responsibility for the whole Road Research (NITRR).
travel issue was aimed at the govern- One, by engineer Sias Oosthuizen .
ment. : and economist Andries Naudé, states °
In the case of Putco there has been that 20% of all black commuters ,
logical motivation for the increase. travel for more than 30km, with a
Costs for bus operators have soared travelling time averaging 4,5 hours a
ear. y- +
The last fuel price increase joined . In the other report by chief re-
those for tyres, components, replace- search officer Nesta Morris and as-
“ment vehicles. non-vehicular equip- ° sistant Liz Fourie, stress was laid on
ment, property, services and the like. the fact that “a major feature of
" Wages and salaries have also been * black commuting is the long distance
increased in most cases. * - travelled by many commuters — par-
‘And there has been the horrendous- | ticularly in Pretoria, Bloemfontein
<ly expensive cost of the unrest — and Durban.” The longest commuting
reckoned at R30m to the whole indus- » distance in Pretoria, for example,
, try by the SA Bus Operators Associ- was the 60km to 130km for commut-
ation. . : ers from rural Bophuthatswana and
‘The impending increase in diesel KwaNdebele. :
fuel, planned for mid-November, and This gave average travel times of
the possibility of a decrease, or even * 6hr 411 for KwaNdebele and 7hr
the total removal, of the fuel rebate . 19min for north-east Bophutha-
enjoyed by bus operators, will only | tswana, The second group, it was
compound the cost problem — and : found, spent more time avelling
lead to the likelil of further fare | than sleeping. The rising hours were
increases. | equally extreme with KwaNdebele
The point that Tucsa raises is that | commuters rising at 03h55 and those
the cause of lengthy black commuter | from north-east Bophuthatswana at |
travel time and distance was caused + 03h48, :
. by the government’s separation of It ,
blacks from the rest of the popula- | “Qosthuizen and Naudé’s report
tion. | gave the average time/distance fig-
Therefore the government, said i ures for all black daily commuters.
Tucsa, must bear a larger responsi- - i, The report said that 30% travel a‘
bility for covering the cost of travel | distance up to iskm, with an average
with increased subsidies. . ¥ time spent travelling each day of thr,
. : | 50min. Fifty percent travelled 16km-
} 30km and spent an average of three
{ hours trayelling.
19274 '
cso: 3400/458

85



IPRS*SSA=85+124
18 December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

RENAMO OFFICIAL SAYS RESISTANCE MOVEMENT CONTINUES
Lisbon 0 DIABO in Portuguese 15 Oct 85 p 17

[Interview with Artur Janeiro da Fonseca, Renamo foreign relations
secretary; date and place not given]

[Text] "The legitimate representatives of the American
People are becoming increasingly aware of the deeply Marxist
nature of the regime of Samora Machel and also of what

the victory of the Mozambican National Resistance could
mean to the cause of democracy ,"--this is the opinion that
was expressed to us firmly by Artur Janetro da Fonseca,
RENAMO [Mozambique National Resistance] secretary for
foreign relations,

Together with his colleague Famucl Mahluza, the secretary in charge of
finances, Janeiro da Fonseca was one of the members of the RENAMO National
Council who recently visited the United States and, in Dallas, Texas,
attended the meeting of the WACL, the World Anti-Communist League, Both
of them had passed through Lisbon 3 weeks earlier and we now had an oppor-
tunity to exchange more detailed impressions with them.

Although Famuel Mahluza did participate in the exchange of impressions with
valuable information concerning the situation in Mozambique, especially as
regards the oppression perpetrated by the Marxist regime, it was Janeiro da
Fonseca who was our chicf conversation partner, According to him, the
establishment of direct contacts with about 500 representatives of various
ant i-communist organizations, both in the United States and in other
countries or areas that are fighting for liberation, was very useful to
RENAMO,

[Answer] They were receptive. There was a strong spirit of solidarity,
Above all, they were enlightened since many of them had believed the propa-
ganda put out by FRELIMO after we had been forced by the army of Zimbabwe to
abandon some of the bases in the Gorongosa Mountains, They thought that
Samora Machel was telling the truth when he assured everybody that the
Resistance had been wiped out. It was easy to show them how they had been
misled,

40



JPRS-SSA-85-124

18 December 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Related Reportage on OTAO Meeting
(LE SAHEL, 14, 18-20 Oct EL) eee

OTAO Seminar Concludes
ECOWAS Labor Ministers Meet

Briefs
ECOWAS Bank Allocates Shares

ANGOLA
Savimbi Appeals for Aid, Says UNITA Could Lose
(Peter Wallington; BUSINESS DAY, 13 Nov 85) sesccceeceeees
Briefs
Cooperation With Guinea Bissau
| ~ Ideology Secretary Discusses Congress
Radio Cites Nujoma on Independence
BENIN
AFP Views Revolutionary Party Congress Agenda
| (AFP, 18 Nov 85) seseeeeeseeeeeserseees ce eeeeeeeeees
| BURKINA
| Agreement Signed With EEC on Aid Program
(AFP, 9 Nov 85) scececesecseccceseserssssseress sees sees ees
Briefs
Sankara Cables Al-Qadhdhafi
Agreement With Canada
CONGO
Briefs

Japanese TV Equipment

sas

10

11
11

12



MUGABE STICKS NECK OUT OVER SANCTIONS

JPRS*SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 1 Nov 85 p 12

[Article by Robin Drew)

[Text]

The harder line on sanctions against
South Africa adopted by the
Zimbabwe Prime Minister, Mr
Robert Mugabe, was evident in
comments made this week about
assistance for the Frontline states
which would suffer as a result of
sanctions and Pretoria’s
counter-measures.

His earlier attitude to sanctions
was that for them to be effective
they must be comprehensive and
mandatory but that countries like
Zimbabwe whose economies were
tightly linked with that of South
Africa would have to be exempt or
be given compensation by the
international community. In
keeping a reasonably low profile on
sanctions, but urging increased
support for the armed struggle, it
seemed at Nassau that the
Zimbabwe premier was sticking to
this line.

But when he reported to the
nation on his return from the
Commonwealth simmit, Mr

Mugabe revealed that the Frontline :

states had decided they would no
longer press for international
assistance before backing sanctions.

‘The situation in South Africa had
to be regarded as paramount and if
problems arose for individual
countries it would be up to those

countries or to Africa to appeal to_

the international community for
assistance if their economies had
been rendered “inoperative”.

He was scathing in his comments
about people who had warned of the

threat to the Zimbabwean economy.
if sanctions were applied.

“These prophets of doom are the
profit-makers,” he said, “who did
not want to see their fat pockets
hit.”

Anyway, he said, if the business
community had been able

, successfully to combat sanctions

when they were applied by the
world to Rhodesia, surely they could
do the same when it was only South

Africa which might apply measures |

against Zimbabwe.

It was to Mozambique that Mr
Mugabe looked as a means of
moving Zimbabwe's imports and
exports to and from the coast.

He Looked to the day when Beira,
Maputo and even Nacala in
northern Mozambique would handle
Zimbabwean traffic, 80 to 90
percent of which currently goes
through South Africa.

If South Africa were to stop this

traffic, it would mean the collapse *

of Zimbabwe, say opponents of
sanctions.

Mr Mugabe is no doubt looking to .

a return to the situation when the -

Mozambique ports were the neutral
outlets for landlocked Rhodesia and
took about 75 percent of the traffic.

It was only after Mozambique’s
independence that the situation
changed and South Africa became
the main channel.

103

ZIMBABWE



The Ambassador said that Sierra Leone's image particularly its non-aligned
policy and contributions to the work of the OAU and the UN, have been very
significant.

On bilateral relations, Dr. Habib said that for more than a century, the
Lebanese in Sierra Leone has enjoyed stability and prosperity and the
government and that the people continue to show them love and friendship.

The Ambassodor was presented to the President by the Minister of Foreign
Affairs, Mr. Abdul Karim Koroma. Present at the ceremony were Acting First
Vice President, Mr. Francis Minah, cabinet ministers, the Secretary to the
President, Mr. J.P.A. Koroma, his assistant, Mr. M.B. Sallu, the Youth
Preidential Aide, Mr. Yusuf Sankohand and senior civil servants.

/13104
cso: 3400/442

63



in particular, that it is in the cities that the bandits, in their death
throes, are attempting to take refuge and create panic.

Several officials of the party and the provincial government participated in
the ceremony as well. On this occasion, the FDS members turned over a check
for the sum of 50,000 meticals, to support the project for construction of
the Gaza Provinical Assembly Palace.

Other reports from our correspondent in Xai-Xai indicate that a people's
meeting was held in the 3 February Communal Village, with the participation
of hundreds of villagers, who were given a general view of the military
situation in the country. .

In Sofala

In Sofala, the head of the Vigilance Groups, ‘in a meeting with the news media
established in Beira, said that the work performed by the GVs [Vigilance
Groups] has been quite positive. The meeting was also held on the occasion
of the marking of People's Vigilance Week. .

Jorge Guilaze noted that the people's participation in the Vigilance Groups
is due to the intensive practical work for political consciousness-raising,
illustrated with pressing problems of the nation, on the part of the political
agencies of various sectors of activity,carried out by the SNASP officials.

He said: "The existence of a vigilance group in a particular sector depends on
the mobilizing force of the respective political agency. If the action of

the party cell in an enterprise is meager, there is no doubt that the work

of the vigilance group will also be meager.”

That official gave a retrospective account of the progress of the Vigilance
Groups during the 10 years since independence, attaching particular importance
to the involvement of the members who, despite the difficulties that they
have ‘confronted, owing to organizational problems, have agreed to engage in
this’ activity.

Also in Sofala, it is planned this year to create Political Study Centers, in
which the members of the Vigilance Groups will participate, to debate various
programs in the political area, associated with the program to reactivate
this entity. : .

‘2909 ° : , vat
cso: 3442/36

49



[Bruce] Oh very much so, yes, very much So, particularly within the business
community. South Africa has always paid its foreign debts before, it's been

[Name indistinct] So, how badly dented is business confidence by that and by
the increasing unwillingness of foreign investors to put any new money at all
into South Africa?

[Bruce] Business confidence, I don't think, has ever been low as it is now.
For instance, over the past 2 days one of our sister publications, the
FINANCIAL MAIL, has had annual investment conference. We have quite a few
visits from abroad here and, of course, very many of the senior businessmen
from within the country, and the trend of most of the speeches has not really
been on matters of investment at all; it has really been on the need for
sociopolitical change. One of the speakers made the point very forcefully
this morning that no longer can the South African Government hope to get away
by a gradual process of change. It now has to do something which is really
quite dramatic. Six months ago, businessmen would then have been content to
see a gradual movement toward the removal of color bar and to greater growth
and investment and equity within the country. Now they are demanding very
much more.

19599
CSO: 3400/45]

98


JPRS-SSA=85~124
18 December 1985

LIBERIA

DEFENSE MINISTER WARNS NEWSPAPERS ON DESTABILIZING GOVERNMENT
Monrovia FOOTPRINTS TODAY in English 1 Nov 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] The Minister of Defense, Maj. Gen. Gray D. Allison, has applauded the
recent appeal by Information Minister Carlton Karpeh to the Liberian press to
close ranks in defense of Liberia, their native land.

Minister Allison who described the appeal as "most timely,” said it was time
all Liberians cooperate with government in order to ensure continued peace and
unity, as well as to bring development to Liberia.

Minister Allison was speaking yesterday at his Benson Street office when he
met with the President/Publisher of FOOTPRINTS TODAY newspaper, Mr. Momolu
Sirleaf.

The Defense Minister alleged that the paper had carried many "disparaging
publications" against the Head of State, and cited yesterday's issue of
FOOTPRINTS TODAY as "a classic example of the disrespect and low esteem” in
which the paper held the Head of State and warned against such publications.

Minister Allison noted that inspite of the “Head of State's overwhelming
victory” over his opponents, the paper used as its front page story “Dr. Doe
Receives Congratulary Messages" and at the same time used a photograph of the
Head of State in T-Shirt. This, he noted, was “unrepresentative” of the
position of the Head of State as President-elect of the Republic of Liberia,
and was ill-timed.

Minister Allison also lashed out against the "SUN TIMES” newspaper for failing
to give prominence to a story on the Head of State in its yesterday edition.

The Defense Minister said while it was true that every individual has the
right to his opinion, “government will no longer tolerate any attempts by
journalists to destabilize the government and create division among the
people.”

For his part, Mr Sirleaf noted that as a Christian, he has no malice against
the Head of State or anyone else, adding, “what appeared in my newspaper has
already been carried by radio and television". Ue said, he saw "no harm in
carrying the article in his paper.”

/13104
cs0: 3400/430 23



OFFSHORE OIL PROSPECTING TO BE UNDERTAKEN

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 26 Oct 85 p 1

{Article by Eugene Thompson]

[Text]

/12828
CSO:

THE PNDC ia currently negotiating with a number
of foreign oil companies which have applied for
exploration licences to undertake offshore pro-
specting in the Accra and Tema areas.

"A report in the current edition of the Standard Char.
tered Review just published in London said a regional grid
study had already been carried ont in the Keta area which
is believed to be a continuation of the Dahomey embank:
ment (an elongated basin which stretches from Ghana in

the west through Togo and Benin and as far as Western
Nigeria) where Benin and Nigeria produce oil.

he report quoted the Ghana National Petroleum
Corvoration (GNPC) as saying a more detailed study
is needed to be conducted in all these areas to determine
their actual oil potential.

Meanwhile, Petro-Canada has sunk two wells in the
Half-Assini area. Collected seismic data had heen pro-
cessed and interpretations were well advanced, the report
said.

Petro-Canada, which started its exploration work in
1983 as part of the Canadian Government's assistance
programme to Ghana, is expected to complete its work by.
the end of this year.

‘The report. also said the evacuation and shipment of
cocoa from Ghana’s hinterland continues to improve and
by the end of May this vear. over 140.000 tons had reached
the ports.

‘The 1985/86 main crop season commenced on October
11 this vear, the report said

3400/412

19

JPRS*SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

GHANA



JPRS-SSA-85+124
18 December 1985

SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

DETENTION ORDERS RENEWED--The detention orders for the five 60-day internces
have been renewed, the Commissioner of Police, Mr Sandile Mdziniso, confirmed
yesterday, Mr Mdziniso said the orders for the detainees were reneved on
Tuesday, November 12, but he saw them for the first time on Wednesday. The
five are former Finance Ministor, Dr Sishayi Simon Mxunalo; former Police
Commissioner, Titus Msibi, former Deputy Police Ce issioner, Edpar Hillary,
former Army Chief of Staff, Col Mangoment Mdzimandze; former Ar vo Major
Abednigo Dlamini. The former army top brass wore picked up in November last
year; Dr Mxumalo was picked up from his home in Dalriach last December and the
former police chiefs were picked up in January this year, They have, since
late last month, been appearing before a committee chaired by the Indvuna of
the Tinkundla, [governor of clectoral college constituencies] Mr Mndeni
Tshabalala, at the senate chambers. [Text] [Mbabane THE swWaz1 NEWS in English
16 Nov 85 p1 MB] /12712

CSO: 3400/434


FINANCIAL STRAINS MAY CAUSE POWER PRODUCTION CUTS

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 31 Oct 85 p 3

[Artic

[Text]

/12828
cs0:

le by J. N. Elliott]

The Liberia Electri-~
city Corporation will
rot re-institute its
power shedding exerTM
cise during this dry
season provided the
corporation can gene-
rate some $11.5 mil-
lion by next month to
maintain the steady
supply of electricity
nationwide.

According to the
corporation's managing
director, Mr. Samuel
Burnette, the amount
is needed to purchase
petroleum products to
operate LEC facili-
ties on a 24-hour ba~
sis for the next six

months.

He told the NEW LI-
BERIAN Tuesday in an
interview at the Unity
Conference Center in
Virginia outside Mon-
rovia, that due to
present national fi-
nancial constraints,
LEC had estimated a
budgetary projection
of some $8.1 million
to generate current
on a 12-hour basis du-
ring this dry season.

3400/429

However, he said the
corporation's board
of directors in a ren
cent meeting with ma~
nagement agreed to
find other means ‘eu
cause power shedding
will not be in the in-
terest of customers
and the nation.

He said management
has decided to operate
its gas turbines and
Luke plant at full
plast to provide a
steady supply of cur-
rent during this dry
season. However 5 such
an exercise would cost

an additional $4.3
nillion, he said. The
antire exercise will
sost a total of $11.5
nillion, Mr. Burnette
said.

He said LEC and the
government are pre-
sently working out
means through which
ithe amount could be
realized before No-
vember 15, 1985, to
continue the steady

supply of electricity
presently being enjoy-
ed by the populace.

31

JPRS*SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

LIBERIA

The LEG boss said
“government has to come
to our rescue because
the mass dis-connec~
tion scheme recently
launched by the corm ©
poration is not yield-
ing fruitful results".
However, he did not
say the total amount
generated todate from
the exercise.

Commenting on the
Luke plant, Mr. Burn-
ette said presently

only one of the plant's
unit is operating. The
other two are under-
going repairs in Gene-
va, he said.

Mr. Zarnette said
one of the units under
repair, is expected
to be completed soon
and shipped to Liberia.
However, because of
the urgency of the
matter, LEC has decid-
ed to fly in the unit
by November 15 at a
freight cost of some
$24,000, he said.



JPRS*SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

yu MOZAMBIQUE

COLD STORAGE FACILITIES FOR PESCOM IN BEIRA
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 19 Oct 85 p 3

[Text] By the end of November, it is planned to complete the work to install
six cold storage chambers and to renovate three others, as well as building
an ice plant. This equipment will constitute the basis of the economic infra-
structures to be used to maintain the efficiency and operation of the cooling
system for conserving fish and shrimp, as well as other fish products which
PESCOM in Beira is the entity responsible for marketing in Sofala, Manica and
Tete.

‘As the NOTICIAS agency in Beira learned, the project has the technical and
material backing of the government of the Kingdom of Denmark, totaling 7
million Danish kroner (nearly 37,000 contos). On the Mozambican sidy,
enterprise spent almost 8,000 contos.

For purposes of awarding the project to install the six new cold storage
chambers and the ice plant as well as making other renovations taking place
in the sector, the Danish International Development Agency (DNAIDA) assigned
it to the Cold Storage Equipment Production and Installation Enterprise
(SABROE).

The aforementioned project, set up at certain stations belonging to PESCOM,
in the vicinity of this city, is part of the facilities and other infrastruc—
tures that this fish marketing enterprise inherited from some private companies.

Our reporter learned that the equipment, the installation work on which is
nearly finished, has an installed capacity of about 2,300 cubic meters, when
operated at temperatures between -20 and -25 degrees. .

The pace of the work is proceeding enthusiastically, and it may be pointed out,
right now, that part of. the construction and installation of all the types of
equipment required are virtually completed, lacking only the undertaking of
the testing of those highly sophisticated instruments, to check the operation
of the systems in the greatest to the smallest detail.

During a preliminary phase, the project involved eight Danish technicians;
while in the second phase, there were only four, aided by seven Mozambicans

55



BRIEFS

JPRS*SSA“85*124
18 December 1985

SIERRA LEONE

f

BRITISH FERRY AID--The British Government is to provide a grant of almost one

million pounds sterling for the sett.
Rehabilitation Unit within the Minis
last four years, the Unit will consi:
three engineers from Voluntary Servi
drawn from the Ministry of Works. I
result of similar assistance, a team
constructed two Bailey Bridges in Si

other bridges in the Southern and Eastern P

Acting British High Commissioner, Mr

of Letters formally establishing the
YONE in English 8 Sep 85 p 1] /1310:

cso: 3400/447

ing up of a Bri
try of Works.

st of two consu
ces Overseas (V

dge and Ferries

Under a project which will
itants from a British firm,”
$0) and professional staff ©

t will be remembered that in 1982/83, as a .
of Royal Engineers of the British Army

erra Leone and

rehabilitated a number of

rovinces. Last Thursday, the

. A.D. Sprake and the Minister of
Development and Economic Planning, Mr. Salia Jusu-Sheriff, signed the Exchange
new Unit. [Text] [Freetown SUNDAY WE

4

73



He said because the budget is expected to be supported from domestic revenues
government decided to give priority in terms of budgetary appropriation to
education, defense, health and the law enforcement network.

The budget boss pointed out that education received $40 million, followed by
defense with $21 million. Health and Law Enforcement conceeded $20.5 and $11
million respectively.

The distribution of the budget to the various ministries and agencies was made
first on the basis of projected revenue resources, second on the basis of
priorities of government and third on the basis of percentage allocation in
proportion to previous years' budgets of the ministries and agencies
concerned, according to Mr. Bestman.

/13104
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25



JPRS*SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

PASSING-OUT PARADE FOR NEW MUNICIPAL POLICE

Johannesburg SOWETO in English 8 Nov 85 p 13

[Text] MORE than 90° “faw and also ti the

race relations proc: }
ess. You must accept:
, them as true ambas- |
:sadors of your. local

Hitge, Director of
black local authori-.
ties, and Mr Edward
Kunene, mayor of

municipal policé
students graduated -
at the Oranje-Vaal

Training Centre a wtleeh Soweto.
? ‘authorities’, Mr ae
outside Sebokeng, : Heunis said. - * Five students were
this week. f a presented with tro-
“The policemen will ' rae said although phies for coming out .
be posted in the Vaal je country’ was “on best in five catego-
“the threshold of one ries.

‘Triangle townships
and will be responsi-
ble for the mainte-
nance of law and
order and the en- °
forcement of council

of the most iniportant
periods in its consti-
tutional planning”,
its enemies were cre-

ating a “climate of

by-laws. : : mistrust, fear and in-
Mr Chris Heunis, timidation”.
Minister of Consti- He said at least

5.000 municipal po-
licemen would be
trained during the

tutional Devel-
opment and Panning,
told the gathering at

the passing out par” next six months to as-
ade that the muni sist the black local
pal police had powers authorities in the
comparable to the townships.
South African Po- , Among those who
lice’s. . attended the passing
Enemies out parade were Mr
— i Esau Mahtatsi,
“These officials * mayor of Lekoa, Mr
must be used in the », Sam Rabotapi,
ttask of maintaining + mayor of Evaton, Mr

A Xaba, mayor of |
Bohlokong, Mr John

/12828
cso: 3400/424

91



His comments came soon after the Reagan administration's expression of
"sympathy" for UNITA and as a Bill secking $27M humanitarian aid is before
Congress,

The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency is also believed to be waiting in the
wings with $300M of weaponry for UNITA,

Chief of Military Intelligence, Colonel Peregrino Chindondo, said UNITA has
lost 461 men, with 2,000 wounded, in the offensive. The MPLA had lost 2,700
men,

/12712
CSO: 3400/434


JPRS“SSA+85-+124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MANDELA PROGRESSING WELI. AFTER OPERATION
MB131901 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1819 GMT 13 Nov 85

[Text] Capo Town, Nov 13, SAPA--Jailed African National Congress leader
Nelson Mandela is recuperating faster than expected after an operation he
underwent 11 days ago for the removal of an enlarged prostate gland.

According to Mr Ismai] Ayob, the Mandela family's Jawyer, he was recovering,
"remarkably fast." Mandela was admitted to the Volks Hospital in Oranjezicht,
near Cape Town, on November 3.

His wife, Mrs Winnie Mandela, has been secing her husband on a day-to-day
basis while other members of his family were also allowed special visits.

A spokesmen for the Prison's Department in Pretoria today said that the
"hospitalisation and treatment of a person is a private and personal and
family matter" and that it was not ethically correct to comment on it.

He therefore could not disclose when Mandela would be discharged,

"Yhe patient, according to his doctors, already got up on the Thursday after
his operation and his progress is normal as was expected," the spokesman said.

/9599
CSO: 3400/451

74


illegal documents, literature, reports and weapons must be carefully hidden.
Special hiding places must be built. Codes must be used in reports to conceal
sensitive names and information. The leaders must see that all members are
trained in the rules and methods of secret work. It is only through this
training that they will develop the skills to outwit the enemy. Technical
methods, such as the use of invisible writing, codes and disguises must be
mastered. Countersurveillance methods, which help check whether one is being
watched by the enemy, must be known,

Specialization: Once the network has been developed, some cells should
specialize in different tasks, such as Propaganda, sabotage, combat work, mass
work, factory organisation, etc.

In the meantime, you can start putting into Practice some of the points
already dealt with. Begin to work out legends in your work, what innocent
reasons you may give a friend or a policeman who asks you why you are
listening to Radio Freedom. Let us take the fight into the enemy camp.

/9599
CSO: 3400/451

80


JPRS-SSA-85+124
18 December 1985

desertification, and toward the goal of food self-sufficiency. In this
motion, they also extended to him their full support for his policy of
development and peace, and urged him to persevere in this policy for the
development and happiness of the people of Niger and of tho West African
subregion.

Another motion of congratulations, support and enconragement was addressed
to their exccllencies, Abdou Diouf and Ide Oumarou, the current president
and secretary general of the oan, respectively, for the visits they have
made to Front Line countries, Tho primary purpose behind these visits was
to support our brothers in their struggles for liberation and the conquest.
of their rights.

In closing, we would like to mention that this seminar preceded the meeting
of the ministers of Jabor of the member states of FCOWAS, scheduled to begin
tomorrow. In this session, the ministers are to discuss the oTAo bylaws and
to evaluate the work it has done since it was founded on 22 March 1984 in
Conakry, Guinea, Among its goals, the OTAO was founded to provide firm sup-
port for the economic integration actions undertaken by ECOWAS, to work for
the attainment of its economic, social, and cultural goals, and to formilate
a coordinated emergency program against unemployment, designed particularly
to bring young people into active working life, as part of the Community's
economic recovery program.

Today the participants in the seminar are scheduled to visit some
hydro-agricultural Projects and the USTN's [Federation of Labor Unions of
Niger] agricultural project in Goudel,

ECOWAS Labor Ministers Mect
Niamey LE SANEI, in Prench 18-20 Oct 85 p 3)

[Text] The meeting of ministers of lahor of the member states of ECOWAS
completed its work yesterday afternoon at the Congress Palace,

The session's closing ceremony, chaired by the minister of civil service ana
labor, military administrator Mamadou Beidari, was attended by mombers of
the government, representatives of diplomatic missions accredited to Niger,
the executive secretary of ECOWAS, and the secretary general of OTA,

In the speech he gave on this occasion, military administrator Beidari
expressed his pleasure about the effective and constructive work accomplished
by the delegates during the three days of this session,

The executive secretary of ECOWAS, the Sierra Leonean Mamoudou Monu, said
that OTAO plays a vital role in dealing with the problems afflicting the
subregion.


JPRS-SSA+85+124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

DAR ES SALAAM ATRS 'TIPS' FOR UNDERGROUND WORK

FA142131 Dar es Salaam Radio Freedom in English to South Africa 1815 GMT
13 Nov 85

[Text] This evening Radio Freedom discusses a few liberation tips or advice
which is carried in a publication of the liberation alliance called
(MUSEBINT). This will be brought to you by (Ben Kivinje).

Brute force has always been and continues to be the racists’ best answer to
popular opposition. The hundreds of our men, women and children, whom we have
already buried this year with bullet wounds in their bodies, bear witness to
this truth. But each coffin covered with an ANC flag has become a heroic
symbo] inspiring thousands more of our People to preater struggle and greater
sacrifices. In place of fear, there is growing contempt for death. In place
of submisssion there is (theightened) [word indistinct] for hitting back and
making [words indistinct] funerals of their own kind. It is daily becoming
tore clear to Botha and his outside friends that killing alone is not enough,
This docs not mean that the army police killings will stop. It does, however,
explain why our ruling class and its allies are trying so desperately to
weaken us from inside. The method they are using--divide and rule--is as old
as the history of oppression itself.

Let us look at some of the danger spots. We must be on guard against the
evils of tribalism. Those migrant workers who are herded into their ethnic
compounds must hear our message that they should not allow themselves to be
used by police against their fellow Africans. We must be able to recognize
tribalism even when it tries to disguise itself, as is the case with Chief
Gatsha Buthclezi. We must be on the alert against police provocation.

In recent periods false leaflets have been issued aimed at creating and
widening the differences between those who oppose aparthcid. Organized gangs
of thugs and murderers have been employed to burn the houses and to kill 4
activists against the system, pretending that they have been sent by one ori
another anti-regime organization. Sellouts are sent to join organizations in
order to do this kind of work from inside,

We must be vigilant against all schemes to divide the trade union movement,

(?which is an) obstacle to the system. We are already hearing talk of
partnership with black workers to pave the capitalist system. [as heard] A

78


/12828
cso:

However, a paper circulating in
diplomatic and government circles
estimates that the necessary
improvements to the Beira and
Nacala routes alone would cost

about R2 billion and take two years

to implement.

The direct rail link from~
Zimbabwe to Maputo has not:

Operated for a year because of °

security and other problems but,
according to Mr Mugabe, Zimbabwe
intends to increase its military
commitment and involvement in
Mozambique to et that route back
into use. How much that would cost
has not been guessed at as it would
clearly depend on the security
situation within Mozambique.

Zimbabwe's total volume of goods
coming into and going out of the
country is about 8 million tons, of
which only about 800.000 tons goes
through Beira at present

It has been estimated that if
RI million were Spent on relaying
the line to Beira with electrified
double track and deepening and
extending the port facilities, Beira's

, capacity could increase to 4 million
‘ tons.

‘Thus in theory Mr Mugabe is
right when he says Mozambique
could handle all Zimbabwe's traffic,

But business circles here are
deeply pessimistic about the

3400/427

104

chances of translating the theory
into practice.

In addition South Africa has a
tremendous hold on Zimbabwe
through the markets it offers for
Zimbabwean products

It takes 40 percent of Zimbabwe's
manufactured goods for which
markets would be very hard to find
in other neighbouring states. South
Africa supplies 20 percent of
Zimbabwe's imports amounting to
thousands of individual tariff items
without which the infrastructure
would come to a standstill

Mr Mugabe's counter-argument is
that Zimbabwe is a valuable market
for South Africa's goods and
Pretoria’s transport services and
harbours gain revenue from
handling Zimbabwean traffic

He seemed to be saying at his
news conference that South Africa
might well hesitate before applying
counter-measures because of the
additional damage this would do to
its economy.

However, he did not gloss over
the danger that applying sanctions
to South Africa had for trhe
Frontline states

His argument here was that
suffering was part of any revolution
and that Zimbabwe was committed
to playing a part in resolving the
South Afrioan situation and ending
apartheid

There should be no doubting Mr“
Mugabe's sincerity in making this
commitment but how great a part
he is prepared for Zimbabwe to
play and what risks he will take are
cards that he has yet to show. —


JPRS-SSA+857124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

GERARD LUDI SPEAKS TO AFRIKAANS STUDENTS ON COMMUNIST PARTY
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 2 Oct 85 p 9
[Article: "SA Communist Party Now in Upward Phase" ]

[Text] Probably no one in South Africa knows the communist
party better than Mr Gerard Ludi. As a member of the
security police he penetrated the upper ranks of the SACP
during the 1970s and personally came into contact with all
the leaders of the day.

Mr Ludi recently addressed the Afrikaner Student Front at
the University of Pretoria on the history and strategy of
the communists. The following article is an extract from
that speech.

In the light of present conditions in the black townships, the government
would be foolish to release Nelson Mandela at this time, Mr Ludi warned.

He personally, knows Mandela very well, Mr Ludi said, Although Mandela has
naturally lost his proficiency by reason of the long period he has already
spent in prison, he is extremely persuasive and an outstanding speaker. Con-
trary to what. is alleged, Mandela is not a black nationalist; he is an ex-
tremely dedicated Marxist-Leninist.

"wandela has been built up into a mystical figure in the black townships--he
has already almost become a myth. We are really looking for trouble if we
release Mandela now."

Mandela was of great value to the communist party while he was imprisoned on
Robben Island, Mr Ludi said. The reason was that young blacks who took part
in the riots of 1976 were also sent to Robben Island, although they were not
political criminals but simply common criminals. In the prison on Robben
Island they came into contact with Mandela, Sisulu, Mbeki, Goldberg and other
political prisoners, who inevitably influenced them. Because they were short-
term.prisoners, they left the prison before long and began subversive activi-
ties in the black townships.

The value of Mandela on Robben Island is emphasized by the fact that no attempt
was made to free him, although Russian fishing vessels and submarines frequently

89



IPRS“SSA~854124
8 December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

ADMINISTRATORS RECEIVE MEDALS--The first secretaries of the party and dis-
trict administrators of Chibabava and Chemba in Sofala, Mateus Ressal
Sande and Jose Paulino Salomao, respectively, were recently decorated with
the "Valor and Patriotism" medal, ist class, On that same occasion,
Salomone Machaque, "Hero of Labor," manager of the Metuchira fishing
agribusiness enterprise, and Jose Paulo N'Chumali, holder of the "Socialist
Labor" medal, lst class, manager of the Marromeu sugar combine, received
pictures with his photograph from Marcelino dos Santos. The medal award
and picture ceremony was directed by FRELIMO Party Political Bureau and
Secretary of the Permanent Commission of the Péople's Assembly and Leader
of the Province of Sofala MG Marcelino dos Santos, at the end of the eighth
meeting of the Enlarged Party Secretariat in Sofala. During the ceremony,
Marcelino dos Santos stressed the fact that a decoration is an expression
of gratitude on the part of the people for those who managed to set an
example at the various fighting fronts, poth against bandits and against
hunger and disease. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Oct 85 p 1]
5058

TOOLS FOR BEIRA GREEN ZONES--About 5,000 farm tools including hoes and
scythes were recently procured in the Republic of Zimbabwe by the Green
Zone office of the city of Beira. According to a source in the Green Zone
office, the tools are the result of an allocation made available by a
Swiss solidarity organization worth $45,000, for the benefit of that
agricultural establishment. According to that same source, the farm
tools, which are intended for the family sector, will be distributed
through the consumer cooperatives existing in the various sections of the
city of Beira, In the meantime, a seminar on agriculture promoted by the
Green Zone office in the provincial capital of Sofala has been underway
for several days. It is attended by the secretaries of the motivation
groups and the production officials. The seminar, which will last 5 days,
is designed to impart basic knowledge on agricultural questions, such as
botany, water supply, fruit cultivation, and animal husbandry. [Text]
[Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Oct 85 p 1] 5058

csO: 3442/34

57



"For example, when the fish is taken out of the water, it weighs nearly 3
kilograms. However, after drying, this fish is usually reduced to 900
grams or slightly more, which represents a considerable loss to us."

David Francisco claimed: "If we had the means for carrying fish that was still
fresh, it would be more profitable for us, and we would be carrying larger
amounts, in addition to making a substantial reduction in the costs for salt,
although some of the fish would still have to be dried."

As he remarked in the interview granted to DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE, in their
capacity as fish industry workers, the problem lies in the amount of fish to
be transported to Manica, to compensate for the over 1,000 kilometer journey
and the respective costs. .

In conclusion, David Francisco gave assurance that, "We are talking about 10
tons per month, which represents two loads; but we intend to do far more,
because we are resolved that the province will have large amounts of fish.
This is our commitment, and if we procure the desired boats, we can accomplish
far more."

2909
CSO: 3442/36

53



@ Budget} Defence, public order and security (46%) continued to dominate
ordinary expenditure (arms purchases from the Soviet Union not included). By
comparison, agriculture was allocated 10%, mining and energy 12%, education
12%, industry 6% and health 4%. The National Bank of Ethiopia estimates that
the deficit for 1983/84 should amount to 356.6 million birr, an improvement of
34% over the fiscal year 1982/83. :

Public Debt: The country's current debt service ratio was estimated to

be around 20% in 1983/84. In_1984/85_it could rise to almost 40%. However, the
government does not take into consideration the debt to the Soviet Union for
arms purchases since the Ethiopian revolution. It is believed to be
substantial, between 2.5 and four billion dollars.

@ Ten-year Plan: Although the targets and timetable will, no doubt, be
adjusted to compensate for the diversion of resources to cope with the famine,
it is possible that the plan's overall direction will remain unchanged. Its
basic aim is to increase production by ratsing labour productivity and
strengthening management. Unfortunately the economic framework within which the
plan is to be implemented bears little relationship to the pattern extrapolated
from past_trends. For example, it envisages sustained growth in GOP over 1
years at the rate of 6.5% psa. During the decade ended 1983 GDP growth averaged
only 2.3%, less than the estimated rate of population increase. Coffee exports
are set almost to double by 1994, but they are constrained by the International
Coffee Organisation, while the World Bank estimates that exportable output will
grow at only 1% per annum.

¥ 2.07 birr = one dollar (May 1984 rate)

To achieve the transformation of the economy, the plan calls for a y
cumulative gross investment of 32 billion birr ($15.5 billion), reaching 28% of
cpp in 1994, while over the past five years investment has averaged only 10% of
GDP. Only 22.5% of planned investment will go to agriculture, with the lion's
share being spent on the state farm sector ‘and support to producers!
co-operatives. of the rest, 45.5% will be spent in the industrial sector
(mining, energy, construction and water development, 13.4% on transport and
communications and 11.6% on trade and-social services.

Foreign Trade: In 1984 the United States took second lace among .
Ethiopia's main suppliers after the Soviet Union with the sale of two aircraft,
and for the first time the Soviet Union moved into the group of top ten buyers,
occupying eighth plece. Trade with the European Economic Community, on the
other hand, has fallen, with the proportion of total exports from Ethiopia
falling from 38.3% to 37.6%, and of total imports from the EEC from 38.6% to

34.1%.
@. Commercial Policy: Control in import licences remains very tight.

To obtain foreign currency, importers must accompany their applications with
detailed invoices from manofacturer or supplier, listing separately the fob
cost of the goods and the freight charges. The only change in the general
customs tariff hes been the increase in duty and taxes from 200% to 300% on
private cars coming into Ethiopia as gifts to individuals.

15



they are at one of our bases in Zambezia, The other 22 were released a long
time ago,

various countries--in which the assistant secretary of state for African
affairs put UNITA [National Union for the Total Independence of Angola]

and RENAMO on different levels, referring to your movement with obviously
little sympathy and considering it somowhat obscure. What is your reaction?

[Answer] The position of Mr Chester Crocker as regards African affairs is
generally known and I will not comment on it. I might merely say that--
as we had occasion to find out for ourselves--that Pposttion is censured by
many influential circles in the United States, J would say that RENAMO is
not at all obscure because it defined its fighting program against Marxism
very clearly quite some time ago.

[Question] One last question, Over the past 3 months, we have had a
succession of coincidences: The meeting of the nonaligned conference in
Luanda and, at the same time, a big offensive against the positions of
UNITA; the visit of Samora Machel] to the United States and at the same time
the offensive by the troops of the government of Maputo and the government
of Zimbabwe against your bases in Gorongosa; in the meantime, acts of
terrorism by the ANC in South Africa have been stepped up, Is this just co-
incidence or does it represent the execution of a combined plan supervised
by the Soviets?

[Answer] I cannot tell you yes or no in reply but it is an assumption that
one must look at. As far as we are concerned--and I can only talk about us--
you can believe me when 1 say that anything FRELIMO does is supervised by
the Soviet Union and by its agents in Mozambique. It is a shamo that not
everybody has realized this as yet. Explaining that we are in Mozambique,
enslaved by communism, was one of the main reasons for our trip to the
United States but it was not the chief reason, The chief reason consisted
in explaining to the Americans that, contrary to what many of them were
thinking, RENAMO is not a simple rebel movement. It is a political move-
ment with an action program that was established a long time ago and that
was charted according to the standards of a true democracy. We do not just
want to do away with communism in Mozambique. Above all, we want Mozamb {que
to begin to have democracy.

5058
CSO: 3442/34

4h


JPRS-SSA-85~124
18 December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MANAVE RECEIVES FDS MEMBERS DURING VIGILANCE WEEK
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 19 Oct 85 p 3

(Text] The governor of Gaza Province, Col Aurelio Manave, recently received

in Xai-Xai members of the Defense and Security Forces [FDS], on the occasion

of the celebration of Vigilance Week, exchanging with them views on the politico-
military situation in the region.

Meanwhile, in Sofala Province, as has been occurring in other sections of the
country, various politico-cultural activities were held to mark Vigilance Week.
At a meeting convened with the informational organs in the city of Beira, the
head of the Vigilance Groups, Jorge Guilaze, stated that he considered the
people's participation, in cooperation with the FDS, in neutralizing the enemy's
activities to be quite positive.

In Xai-Xai, the representatives of the Defense and Security Forces submitted to
Governor Aurelio Manave a message in which they commented briefly on the
leading activities carried out with the population during the 10 years of
national independence.

The message notes: "The backing that has been given by the population of this
province to report and neutralize all manifestations which constitute an assault
upon the people's peace of mind and welfare has been one of the reasons for our
victories over the enemy."

In the dialogue with the FDS, Governor Aurelio Manave cited the importance of
the action taken by the Vigilance Groups and the FDS in establishing calmness
to the construction of a just society and prosperity for the people.

The governor of Gaza remarked: "These agencies are the only instrument capable
of watching over our independence and territorial integrity. Thus, it has
become necessary for them to be extended throughout all the social and economic
sectors in the entire country."

During his comments, Aurelio Manave stressed that every member of the SNASP
[National People's Security Service] and the Vigilance Groups must realize
clearly that there is, in the first place, individual responsibility; which,
consequently, requires advance planning of the work to be done, understanding,

48



The very phrase subsequently adopted by the U.S. Administration to describe
its southern African policy implies both involvement in South Africa and
adoption of positive measures to improve the situation.

Though the U.S. Government says that its policy of constructive engagement
involves maintaining contact and supporting all those committed to peaceful
change, rather than the so-called negative approach of isolating South Africa,
they prefer to use their influence in resolving the conflict. It is sur-
prising to the oppressed people of our country to find that outsiders in

our struggle being the most vocal about promoting constructive engagement
today ina situation which cries out for effective action. It is within this
regard not only our people's experience and demand but also the daily
suffering of millions of people in whose exploitation a foreign corporation
which we are vested interests [as heard].

The central problem for the people of Azania is the repossession of the
usurped land. All evidence available at the present moment suggests however
that all those who benefit from the cheap labor of our people feel that the
day is long off and in the meanwhile they will do nothing to hasten it. They
and their engagements are not constructive and cannot be. They are part of
the problem not part of the answer. Those who are concerned with securing a
nonracial solution know that any strategy which relies on the corporations to
help dismantle apartheid cannot succeed. Because the alliance between those
corporations and the regime is one crucial impediment to the fundamental
changes that are required. Our only strategy is that we break the alliance
(?with them). Neither constructive engagement approach nor the code of
conduct even attempts to break the alliance, rather the opposite: they have
been a means of helping to preserve it.

19599
cso: 3400/451

77



BURKINA

JPRSag¢

18 Doe 851.24

Mor 199.

AGREEMENT SIGNED WITH EEC ON ATD PROGRAM
ABI01700 Paris AFP in French 1821 GMT 9 Nov 85

[Text ] Ouagadoupou, 9 Nov (AFP) --Dicter Frisch, EEC director general for
development, on Saturday ended a 5-day visit to the Republic of Burkina during,
which a program of the community's assistance to this country was signed, in
conformity with tho Lome TIT Convent fon signed between the African, Caribbean
and Pacific countries and the EFC.

A communique, which marked the end of Mr Frisch's visit, states that an EEC
delegation and that of Burkina, led respectively by Mr Frisch and Justin Damo
Barro, Burkinabe minister of financial resources, extensively examined coopera
tion between Burkina and the EEC. To ensure the optimal use of the various
instruments provided by the Lome 111 Convention, adds the conmindque, the two
delegations extensively exchanged views on the development objectives and
priorities of Burkina. To realize these objectives, indicates the communique,
the EEC is Placing at the disposal of Burkina a financial package of 115 mil-
lion ECU [European Currency Unit], or 39 billion CFA francs, According to the
communique, this amount ig divided as follows: 102.5 million ECU or 34.6
billion CFA francs will be in the form of subsidy and 12.5 million Uo or

4.4 billion cFA francs will be in the form of risk capital to be managed by
the European Investment Bank [ETB).

The EEC delegation informed the Burkinabe side that other than the finaneial
package announced, Burkina could, during the period of the convent fon, also
benefit from nonprogrammed additional resources which will be managed by the
commission,

The communique states that the two delegations agreed to center their coopera~
tion on development of agricultural production and the development of rural
areas, to help achieve the ain of the Burkinabe Governnent to attain self
sufficiency in food. In this respect, a coherent number of measures, actions
and investments have been planned with the aim of increasing food product ton
and ensuring its security through drought control,

According to the same source, the European delegation also indicated that an
amount of (2203) million ECU, or 71 billion cra francs, could be reserved for

concerted regional actions in West Africa.

At the end of the deliberat ions, the aid program was sipned by Messrs Barro and
Frisch, and by Jean-Louis Biancarreli for the EIB,

/12712
CSO: 3400/453

10


JPRS*SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

FISH FROM TETE MARKETED IN MANICA
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 19 Oct 85 p 8

[Text] A few days apo, the first shipment of fish coming from Chicoa, in Tete,
was marketed in the town of Chimoio, the provincial capital of Manica. This
shipment, totaling 10 tons, marks the beginning of a phase of commercial
exchange advocated at the Central Zone interprovincial meeting held at the end
of last year in the city of Tete.

David Francisco, one of the promoters of the initiative, told DIARIO DE
MOCAMBIQUE that, from now on, nearly 10 tons of dried fish will be marketed
in Chimoio, thus fulfilling a commitment signed with the Manica government to
supply to the province fish caught in Chicoa, at the price of 450.00 meticals
per kilogram.

According to DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE, this price was set on the basis of the
material and monetary costs; because the fish arriving from Tete passes through
Zimbabwe, and, understandably,is subject to the customs regulations of that
country,

David Francisco explained to DIARTO DE MOCAMBIQUE: "We have always been fishermen
in Chicamba (Manica). However, when we learned through the Directorate of
Industry and Power that the Manica fishermen could engaged in their activities
both in Tete and in Sofala, we prepared to fish in Chicoa."

With regard to the potential existing in Chicoa, he said that the area is quite
favorable, containing large amounts of fish. The pace of the work must be
heightened so as gradually to be able to increase the volumes of fish for Manica
Province. He added: "We have two boats in Chicoa, with the respective nets and
20 workers. We have the capacity to catch more fish once we manage to procure
two or three more boats," as the same individual revealed.

He claimed that the only actual requirements are for salt to dry the fish and
food for the workers, products which the Home Trade Ministry has provided.

Lack of Refrigeration System Harms Activity
According to DIARTO DE MOCAMBIQUE, a factor harming the activity of those two

fishing boats is the lack of a refrigeration system for preserving and carrying
fresh fish to Chimoio.

52



Stevens Discussed Support for Lebanese Peace Efforts

(DAILY MAIL, 26 Sep 85) See e cece eeceeeecees 62
Plans for National Census Outlined

(DAILY MAIL, 26 Sep 85) Peete cece eect eee e eee eeees 64
Muslims Disappointed by Insufficient Saudi Aid

(AFP, 11 Nov 85) TO e eee ence cece eens eeeeeee eens - 65

Chinese Assistance
(DAILY MAIL, 19 Oct 85; SUNDAY WE YONE, 6 Oct 85) ......... 66

Minah Hails Chinese Joint Ventures 66
Chinese Present Agricultural Report 67

National Petroleum Pays Dividend, Precious Minerals Company Praised
(DAILY MAIL, 18 Sep 85) POO e eee eee reer eer en rene essen snnce 68

Energy Minister Speaks Out on Power Authority Problems
(Raymond Akabi-Davies; DAILY MAIL, 19 Oct 85) .......ce000. 69

New Trawlers Commissioned, Fishery Productivity Discussed
(SUNDAY WE YONE, 6 Oct 85) eee eee eeeeee

Dee ee ee eeeee 71

Briefs
British Ferry Aid 73

SOUTH AFRICA

Mandela Progressing Well After Operation
(SAPA, 13 Nov 85) a 77

PAC on Western Options on South Africa
(Voice of PAC, 14 Nov 85) a 11

Dar es Salaam Airs 'Tips' for Underground Work
(Radio Freedom in English to South Africa, 13 Nov 85) ...., 78

PFP's Boraine Appeals for Antiapartheid Unity
(SAPA, 14 Nov 85) eS |

Situation in Sharpeville After 24 Years
(Nat Diseko; SOWETAN, 6 Nov 85) Dette eee eeeeeeeeseeecencs 83

Travel Time, Costs for Blacks Termed Excessive
(Alan Peat; BUSINESS DAY, 6 Nov 85) ne 85

Researcher Says Force of Arms Will Not Bring Peace
(Peter Honey; BUSINESS DAY, 6 Nov 85) .icccceeeececececceee 86

Minority of Educators Support Admission of Non-Whites
(DIE AFRIKANER, 2 Oct 85) Tete e eee eee eeeeeeeeececeeesece BB

-d-


LL

JPRS-SSA=85+124
18 December 1985

SIERA LEONE

ENERGY MINISTER SPEAKS OUT ON POWER AUTHORITY PROBLEMS

Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 19 Oct 85 pp 1, 12

{Article by Raymond Akabi-Davies]

[Text] The Minister of Energy and Power Mr. A.G. Sembu Forna, has called for
the privatisation of the National Power Authority to give the organization a
free rein there by guaranteeing efficient service.

Privatisation, he said, would necessitate an increase in electricity tariff
currently subsidized by government at one Leone per unit for every hour of

consumption. The NPA charges Lel.46 per unit of power.

Speaking in an interview with the DAILY MAIL, the Minister said that the NPA
was owed no less than Le20 million by various institutions.

The Authority has also been hampered by lack of foreign exchange to import
spare parts and other equipment, he added.

Since 1980, Mr. Sembu Forna said, the NPA has only been given 840,000 US
dollars by the Central Bank to import spares.

"The sum of 840,000 U.S. dollars for a period of five years is ridiculously
inadequate to purchase spare parts for a total of 42 power generators for 17
power stations throughout the country,” he said.

The Minister went on to say "it is inevitable that in the absence of spare
parts the machines will break down."

He said projections for the 1985/86 financial year indicate that the Authority
will face a cash shortfall of about 72 million leones of which 20 million are
accumulated debts for power and other services.

Ten million leones, he added, are losses incurred for running 15 provincial
power stations.

“The only way out of this rot.” Mr. Sembu Forna said, “is a substantial tariff
increase.”

69

0S



JPRS-$84-85« 194
December 1985

LIBERTA

BUDGET BUREAU STREAMLINES GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE
Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 29 Oct 85 p 8
[Article by Joseph Teh]

[Text] The Budget Bureau has begun instituting several measures to ensure
that the operations of government are carried out in an efficient and
effective manner during this fiscal year without imposing additional burdens
or hardships on the masses, Budget Director John T. Bestman said in an
interview recently.

He told the NEW LIBERIAN that the Budget Bureau is adopting the measures
because of the “serious economic and financial constraints facing government.”

Director Bestman said one of the first steps his bureau is taking to ease the
present national financial constraints is that of reducing the government wage
bill. Government pays its civil servants a total of some $11m monthly.

He was quick to add that the exercise will in no way result in the
retrenchment of civil servants which, according to him, would be imposing an
additional hardship on our people.

Director Bestman indicated that to alleviate the economic hardships,
government would not employ anyone except for “direct replacement of essential
posts for which other existing Personnel cannot be redeployed.”

He said this year's fiscal budget which dropped by ten percent as compared to
last year, will primarily be supported by domestic revenues.

This year's budget is $386.5 million while last year's was $428 million. He
attributed the sharp decline in the budget to the slump in revenue collection
as a result of the continuing depressed economic conditions.

He further named grants from bilateral sources drawn down from external loans

that had already been contracted such as loans from multilateral institutions
as foreign sources of this year's fiscal budget.

24


JPRS“SSA~85-124
8 December 1985

Mr Liu hoped Chinese contributions would leave an indelible mark on Sierra
Leone's development efforts.

Chinese Present Agricultural Report
Freetown SUNDAY WE YONE in English 6 Oct 85 p 8
[Text] The three-man Chinese agricultural team which has been conducting
feasibility studies into proposal for large commerical production of rice has
presented its report to the President, Dr. Siaka Stevens.
The project which is expected to provide employment initially for four
thousand Sierra Leoneans will involve the production of sixteen thousand tons

of rice, increasing to about fifty thousand tons when fully established.

The overall cost is estimated at fifty million dollars, with an initial
investment of thirty-one million dollars.

It provides for the construction of two dams covering eight thousand acres of
reservoir and forest land.

The project will include rice cultivation, the production of fish, jute bags,
timber, as well as processing of fruit.

The company will also be engaged in livestock production and the processing of
by-products to produce hides and animal feed.

The man behind the venture is local enterpeneur, Mr. Jamil Sahid Mohamed.
The leader of the Chinese team, Mr. Lei Shilian who is Deputy Manager of China

Agricon, assured President Stevens that they were ready to give further
technical cooperation to this country.

/13104
cso: 3400/440

67



The notes stipulate that Nigeria would pay interest (London Interbank Offer
Rate--LIBOR--plus one percent) on the amounts owed from January 1, 1984 to
June 30, 1986, and would repay the principal over the following 18 months.

After this was announced in April 1984, claims began pouring into Chase's
London branch. According to the sources, more that 200,000 claims were re-
ceived in the spring of 1984, including many claims believed to be unfounded,

So far, Chase has processed an estimated three quarters of the claims it had
received and authenticated about two to three billion dollars' worth of claims,
and has forwarded these to the Central Bank of Nigeria,

In turn, the Central Bank has verified only 900 million dollars’ worth of
claims, and has issued promissory notes for thom.

However, it was only during the last month that conipanies with claims verified
by Chase, but not by the Central Bank, began receiving notices from the Central
Bank rejecting their claims.

These companies have flooded the Central Bank with queries about which docu-
ments were missing or what figures did not match, and few of these queries have
been answered, the sources said.

Part of the difficulty, the sources said, stemned from the fact that many of
the Nigerian companies had transferred payment for the imports--in local naira
currency-~to the Central Bank, and had little interest in helping the foreign
exporters to obtain their money from the Central Bank.

Additionally, other Nigerian import companies have since gone out of business.
Analysts here said that if the deadline is not extended, and if the compantes
with claims authenticated by Chase, were not given more time to help the Central

Bank verify their claims, Nigeria's current credit crisis would worsen,

This would be because few companies would agree to ship goods to Nigeria under
the open-account, or uninsured, systen.

Meanwhile, because Nigeria is on average 150 days late in its letters of credit
payments to banks, such letters have dwindled to a trickle and the imports
pipeline could be empty by the end of the year,

Nigeria is expected to earn about 10.5 billion dollars in of] exports this
year, but nearly half of this is earmarked for its medium-term foreign debt.

/12712
CSO: 3400/431

60


KYEKEWERE NEW POTENTIAL BASE F

Accra, PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in Engl

sprs-SSA85*
18 December

GHANA

‘OR GOLD, SURVEY COMPLETED

[article by Faustina Ashirifie]

[Text]

/12828

“THE West German team
Ghi

on’ the jan-

German Mineral Pro-

specting Project has ex-
pressed the wish to ex-
plore gold in the Kyek-
yewere area of the Bi-
piani Range. .
This is due to the findings
of a survey carried out by
the team into the metallic
and non-metallic raw ma-
terials in South Western
Ghana with reference to
gold mineralisation.
Announcing these in
‘Accra yesterday at a short
ceremony at which the
German team handed over
the equipment and mate-
rials used at the end of the
second phase of the project
to the Geological Survey
“Department (GSD), Mr G.

«0, Kesse. Director of the

Department, further hint:
‘ed that the experts would
like to incorporate field
evidence obtained so far
into a larger geological

map of the South-Western
part of Ghana. as

‘The programme which
was carried out under a
technical and economic
co-operation agreement
signed between the-Go-
vernments of Ghana and
‘West Germany in 1975 was
to, among other things
carry out a survey and take
inventory of the metallic
and non-metallic raw ma-
terials in South-Western
Ghana with reference to
gold mineralisation.

cso: 3400/412

It was aimed at esta-
blishing appropriate geolo-
gical parameters and
structural indices which
could be useful evidence in
subsequent exploration for
gold in the Kyekyewere
area of the Bibiani Range.

‘The agreement further
specified the training lo-
cally, and in West Ger-
many of Ghanaians for the
necessary scientific exper-
tise and exploration tech-

niques to ‘enable them to

earry on with the project

after the Germans had left.

‘On training, Mr Kesse
said four men, two of
whom have already been
trained in West Germany
would continue with the
project.

Later in ‘an interview,
the director described the
work. done so far as very

useful to the GSD. “If they
would be applied, we are
going to get a boom”, he
said optimistically.

“He observed that if all
the areas earmarked would
be properly mined, Ghana
could get about 7.2 million
ounces of gold every year.

Mr Kesse expressed his
sincere gratitude to the
‘West German Government
and the team for the
equipment.

‘Mr Wolfdietrich Vogel.
‘West German Ambassador
in Ghana, disclosed that
the project had received an
overall German support of
six million Deutche Marks.

7

ish 29 Oct 85 p 1

‘The p- ject, he said. has
been a most valuable con-
tribution of West. Ger-
many to Ghana’s efforts to
make the best use of its
natural resources.

‘Mr Vogel hinted that it
thas been agreed between
the two governments that
the third phase of the pro-
ject would be started by
mid 1986. after an agree-
ment on new terms of refe-
‘ence hasbeen reached.

124
1985


years is the emergence of new structures of cooperation amonp the various
subregions, Thus, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives Islands, Nepal,
Pakistan and Sri Lanka formed the Re gional Cooperation in South Asta (GRAS) in
1981, while the island countries of the southwest Indian Ocean, the Comoros,
Madagascar, Mauritius and the Seychelles joined into the Indian Ocean
Commission (10C), formed in 1982. In east and central Africa, despite the
failure of the Fast African Community, two repional Broups, the Sonthern
African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) and the Preferential Trade
Area (PTA) emerged in the 1980's,

In Dr P. Yin's view, these structures are still in the preliminary stapes, but
they are a good illustration of the change in Perception and orientation of
the leaders. The development of this Phenomenon should be regarded in the
broader framework of international relations and operation of the world market
in order to better grasp all its implications, The developing countries (LDC)
have become aware of the need Lo themselves work actively to emerge from their
underdevelopment and not to rely any longer on the good will of the advanced
countries, and to develop together their own alternative development stralepy,
that of collective auconomy. From this viewpoint, the regional cooperation
can be regarded as a tactic newly added to the strategy aimed at presenting
the solidarity of the South apainst the North in negotiations, "like a
shield."

Absolute Necessi ly

According to the speaker, the promotion of repional cooperation structures is
an absolute necessity, not only from this overall point of view, but also at a
more concrete level,

"In its economic dimension, by broadening the national economic areas, it
makes it possible to ease the limitation of the smal] scale of the domestic
market and the weakness of the economies, which are ona scale that hinders
the effort of industrialization, and to extend the range of viability of the
production and infrastructure projects. It also 4ppears to be the only path
to alleviating the vulnerability of their economies to the risks of
international economic relations, whose harmful consequences on the balance of
payments, employment and the national budpet are only too well known, In
other words, it is a matter of putting in place a new mode of organization of
international relations that will make self-development possible more
appropriately, with better control of regional resources and decreased degree
of integration into the world economy.”

However, though economic dimension is the basis for the regional cooperation,
dt is not limited. In particular, the political and diplomatic dimension of
the issue must also be taken into consideration. The current geopolitical
situation of the Indian Ocean, related to the militarization and to the
dilpmatic weakness of the shore states taken individually, requires a degree
of coming together so that these States can conduct more effective actions to
Preserve peace in this Part of the world, and keop it apart from the fallout
of the East-West rivalry. It is politically necessary to work for solidarity
of the shore states in the hope of establishing a peace zone in the Indian
Ocean. However, it would be illusive to believe that such a situation can
come about in the near future, considering the Opposing alliance systems and
the interests at stake.


JPRS+SSA=85+124
18 December 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

PARTY PRAISES BILENE, CHOKWE FOR FOOD PRODUCTION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 19 Oct 85 p3

[Text] The districts of Bilene and Chokwe were praised by the party, in Gaza
Province, for their effort in food production, in connection with the programs
to combat hunger. The function took Place in Xai-Xai, during the 6th Extended
Session of the Provincial Committee held in Gaza recently,

The meeting, which was convened to analyze the reports from the District Commit-
tees on the province's economic and political activities, noted that there have
been considerable improvements in the province, in the areas of food production
and combating the armed bandits, particularly in Massingir and Guija.

In the districts of Bilene and Chokwe, food production reached such positive
indexes that there is currently under way a debate on the problem of marketing
the products, owing to the lack of transportation for their removal. There
are sizable surpluses of sweet potatoes and cassava produc ed in the family
and cooperative sectors.

During the activities of the 6th Extended Session of the party's Provincial
Committee, Governor Aurelio Manave undertook the awarding of the "valor and
patriotism" medal in the second degree to four citizens. They are, Mario Souto,
a member of the CC [Central Committee] and secretary for economy in Chibuto;
Alberto Langane, a member of the CC and first secretary and administrator in
Manjacaze; Milagre Mateus Muthemba, a former combatant and provincial director
of industry and power; and Paulo Vembane, secretary of the Bilene District
Committee for mobilization and organization.

Meanwhile, the participants at that meeting contributed 2,550 meticals and the
district of Manjacaze, 10,675 meticals, to reinforce the defense capacity.

2909
CSO: 3442/36

54


BAUXITE EXPORT FIGURES, COMPANY'S PUBLIC SERVICE

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 4 Nov 85 p 1

[Article by Kwame Penni]

[Text]

/12828

CSO;

THE Ghana Bauxite Com
tonnes of bauxite this

tonnes.

‘The company has also honoured its tax obligations to the tune of 77.4 million and paid
its debt of 73.3 million to the Ghana Rail

Mr C. F. D. Johnson, Managin
briefed the Western Regional Secretary, Dr. E. G
Security Council (REGESEC) at a mecting with the management of the company and

pany Limited (GBC) r(
year as against last year’s export of 44,000

i Director of the

way Corporation (GRC)

personnel of the GRC at Awaso at the weekend

The meeting formed part of REG
the Western Rail Lines and roads in

Mr Johnson said apart
from increasing its man-
power by 8.5 per cent this
year, his company has re.
paired and maintained the
Pipe-horne water supply
for the Awaso township
which was closed down for
more than eight years.

The company is also ex-
pecting machines to help in
the rehabilitation of roads
in the area, Mr Johnson
added.

« M¢S. S. Nayak, acting
Managing Director of the
GRC, noted that the reha-
bilitation exercise was pro-
gressing steadily, He an.
nounced that between Ja-

nuary and October this

year, the corporation
hauled a total of 421,174
tonnes of goods including
timbers cocoa, bauxite and
manganese. The figure for
January to December last
year was 374,184 tonnes

According to Mr Nayak,
the corporation has tar.
geted to evacuate 100,000
tonnes of cocoa alone in
1986.

3400/412

ESEC’s two-day inspection of the rehabilitation of
some party of the Sefwi-Wiawso District

4 total of 400,538 rail.
way sleepérs at the cost of
500 each, he noted, has
been purchased so far

Endorsing the com-
pany’s road rehabilitation
Programme, Dr Don-
Arthur urged the GRC
workers to voluntarily as
sist in the completion of
track renewal of the rail:
way line

20

ported ,100,064

company, announced this when he
oA Don-Arthur and the Regional

JPRS*SSA+85+124
18 December 1985

GHANA


booby-trapped _hand-grenades
which killed eight Cosas activists
in Duduza in June;

The emergence of unknown
“death squads,” adding fuel to the
growing chaos, with acts such as
the assassinations of four Cra-
dock civic leaders and suspected
in the disappearance of another
40 leading opposition activists;
OThe outbreak of unrest in So-
Weto shortly before the declara-

ion;
OThe advantage of proclaiming

the emergency well before it :

could be subjected to parliamen-
tary debate in the next session.

Bova of the 1960 state of °

emergency shows that mass ar-
rests, harassment and political

. trials served to drive the black

. nationalist movements under-
ground and into exile. They also
abandoned passive resistance
tactics in favour of an initial
strategy of limited guerrilla vio-
lence and sabotage.

“In other words, the long-term
consequences of the earlier
emergency were an escalation of
violence levels and the further
broadening of the white/black °
nationalist divide, an unresolved
legacy with disastrous effects to-
day" he says.

we speaks of a “gulf of per- :
ceptions” of the civil disorder,
with government treating it as a '
law and order issue rather than a
political uprising with legitimate
cause.

Several local commentators
and State President PW Botha
have referred to “inhuman forms
of assault” in the townships.

But these dramatic events tend

19274
cso: 3400/458

to obscure another side of the
violence — for example, the tor-
ture of detainees which the Sun-
day Tribune described as “prac-
tised systematically on a
widespread basis as part of the
coercive treatment of security
law detention in SA”.

With 38 members of the UDF
national and regional leadership
on trial for treason and many
affiliate office-bearers in deten-
tion, government’s intention to
negotiate with its internal extra-
parliamentary opposition seems
most unlikely, says Howe.

Hl. also doubts that the Sixties
generation of ANC leaders will
released in the near future.

In the meantime, as clergyman
Jan de Vaal said recently, secur-
ity efforts to bring the leaderless
- —and therefore more militant —
township dissidents under more
than temporary control are like
‘trying to keep the sea from the

beach’.

@ SOME STATE OF EMERGENCY FIGURES ®@ '-
21 July 1985 — 1 October 1965

RIOT-RELATED| RIOT DEATHS|RIOT INJURIES!
ARRESTS:

STATE OF EMERGENCY
DISTRICTS 2107 48 122

REMAINDER OF COUNTRY 2926 237 2287
( 21 Juiy/Oct 1985 5033 286 2379
IS }sopt 1984/21 July 1985 | 14000 485 1747

Sept 1984/Oct 1985 19033

87



[Question] Was it easy indeed?

[Answer] It was. Using a simple map, we showed that Gorongosa is not a
small area in relation to the vast spaces of Mozambique which are under the
control of our forces. In addition to that--not to mention what is happening
in the South, near Maputo--the truth is that, after the seizure of the
"Banana base" and about half a dozen others which we had abandoned--govern~
ment propaganda failed to report any new successes which means that the
offensive has been stopped. On the other hand, our forces switched to the
offensive in the Gorongosa area and shortly after the attack by FRELIMO

and Zimbabwe on 28 August. Since then, we have retaken the military base

at Vila Paiva de Andrade and we occupied the Vanduzi and Revue bases.

[Question] There were journalists who accompanied Samora Machel on his
visit to the bases taken in Gorongosa and who mentioned “compromising docu—
ments" found there and the enormous quantities of war materiel abandoned
by your guerrillas.

[Answer] They were certainly repeating what they had been told and they
did not realize that we would never leave any documents behind for the
attackers to find. If there were any "compromising documents," they are
undoubtedly forged. As for the losses of war materiel, you can believe us
when we say that our losses were less than those suffered by FRELIMO as a
result of our attack against the ammunition dumps at Benfica, at the very
gates of Maputo.

[Question] Maputo says that the explosions were accidental and were not
caused by RENAMO.

[Answer] What else could Maputo say since they were left without electricity
there in an effort to convince the people that these were the results of a
storm? The only thing they have not done so far is to say that the electric
power transmission stations at Cabora Bassa were not destroyed by us but
simply by elephants.

[Question] Is the supply of electric energy from Cabora Bassa still cut?

[Answer] Yes, and they cannot expect it to be restored so long as the war
is on.

[Question] Samora Machel accused RENAMO of engaging in sabotage throughout
the land, contrary to what FRELIMO did prior to independence. Would you
like to comment on that?

« {Answer} Samora Machel seems to forget that, before independence, one of
the declared objectives of FRELIMO was precisely to destroy Cabora Bassa.
It was said at that time that "Either we destroy the dam or it will
destroy us." It is quite clear that FRELIMO at that time did not engage
in sabotage actions throughout the country for the simple reason that--
contrary to what is happening now in the case of the resistance--it did
not have a foothold throughout the country put only in some border areas.
That is the only difference.

41



Neither the government nor any particular organisation could prescribe in
isolation as to what this society should be.

"That is why I am convinced that the politics of negotiations must take the
Place of the politics of confrontations, cooperation and even consultation,

"There is enormous confusion about the mechanics whereby such a new society
can come into being. What I found of enormous encouragement in my discussion
with senior ANC people in Lusaka was their affirmation that negotiation was
central in their own thinking and planning.

"They told us that whilst the present situation in South Africa does not lend
itself to negotiations, it did not rule out forever the possibility of either
a national convention or some other form of negotiation towards a now
constitution for a democratic, non-racial South Africa."

Dr Boraine said it was clear that violence on all sides in the "township
conflict" was escalating.

"If we are to raise our voices against violence, then we cannot be
inconsistent," he said. "We must condemn in the strongest terms all violence,
otherwise we become victims ourselves."

/9599
CSO: 3400/451

82


JPRS=SSA+85+124
18 December 1985

NIGERIA

TRADE DEBTS, FINANCIAL DEADLINES REVIEWED
AB151821 Paris AFP in English 1657 GMT 15 Nov 85

[Text] Lagos, Nov 5 (AFP) --Uncertainty surrounded a deadline tonight for the
completion of complex paperwork by companies owed billions of dollars for
supplies to Nigeria, and there was no official comment on whether Nigeria would
bend to European pressure for a deadline extension.

The arrangement opening the way for Nigeria to pay four to six billion dollars
in trade arrears was to end today unless Nigeria allowed more time for the
filing and processing of claims by creditors.

Nine European Economic Community (EEC) members, together with Spain and
Portugal, have handed identical letters to the Nigerian Ministry of Finance
asking that the November 15 deadline, set by Nigeria, be lifted, financial and
diplomatic sources said.

The letters said that the procedures for verifying the claims should be made
more flexible, they added.

France, took an independent line from the other EEC countries, preferring to
wait for a meeting of the so-called Club of Paris of creditor nations next
Wednesday so that North America and Japan would also be involved.

Nigeria did not immediately answer the letter or say whether the deadline would
be extended.

At stake in the operation is an estimated four to six billion dollars owed by
the Nigerian Central Bank to foreign companies which supplied goods to Nigeria
from 1979 to 1983.

In April 1984, Nigeria set up a machinery to pay these trade arrears, which
involve only uninsured, open-account debts.

Nigeria commissioned the London branch of the Chase Manhattan Bank to receive
all claims for these arrears, to authenticate those it could, and to forward
the verified claims to the Central Bank of Nigeria before November 15, 1985.

Nigeria said that these claims would then be matched with local documentation,
and those that could be verified here would be the subject of primissory notes.

59



SITUATION IN SHARPEVILLE AFTER 24 YEARS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 6 Nov 85 p 5

{Article by Nat Diseko]

[Text]

harpeville, a
township that
was almost un-

known outside the >
Vaal area, shot into
world headlines in!
March, 1960 when the |
police opened fire on
anti-pass protestors.”
At the end of March;
21 of that momentous
year, when the PAC and
ANC were banned, 69
people lay dead and
more than 100 injured.
After a lull of 24 years
—~ a generation later — |
Sharpeville once more
sprang into the head-
lines when residents |
marched on the local ad- .
ministration board of-.'
fices protesting against,!
increased rents. 7
The violence that ex-
ploded afterwards has
been well documented
in newspaper reports.
At the moment, ans
uneasy calm has settled !
over the township - of ;
mostly small, two-
roomed dwellings that
are grey and wan. Here
and there, one spots a
biggish house, the im-'
provements having been ,
wrought by the occu-
pier’s own efforts.

Since September last
"year a situation of stale-:
mate has existed be-
tween the residents and
the administration
board, with all the resi-
dents refusing to pay the
jincreased rents and the
‘board apparently ina di-
Jemma as to what to do.

? The mayor of the Le-?
koa Town Council Mr

_ councillors who have
not resigned or killed by
angry mobs are in

. “exile”, as one wag put

., it, They live with their
. families in a high secu-~
+ tity encampment in Se-

bokeng.

Sharpeville business-
man and former leading
civic politician, Mr Phil-
lip Phatang (64), said
that things had come to
a sorry pass because the
quality of civic lead-
ership had become
weaker and weaker over
the years.

“Matters came to a
boil’ because the coun-

..cillors refused to meet .

the residents to explain
. why rents were being
raised so often.

Esau Mahlatsi and other”

‘Toilets *

* Moreover the coun-*
cil did not repair the

houses and fences were

not mended. Our toilets

have not been repaired
since 1972 when the

Vaal Administration

Board took over from

the Vereeniging Town

Council,” Mr Phatang
said.

He said during the
days when he was chair-
man of the Sharpeville

© Advisory Board, there
was consultation be-
tween the leaders of the
' community and the Ver-
+ eeniging Town Council.
+ “There was mutual
agreement on issues af-
fecting the township.
-When the Vaal Admi-
nistration Board took

. ;over, the officials ap-

pointed did not have ex-
perience about township
administration and often
acted high-handedly.”
Mr Phatang said.

We visited “Ma-
Bricks’s” which used to
be a swinging watering
hole in the late 60s
and early 70s, where no-
tables of Sharpeville and
surrounding areas used
to congregate, to learn
that the grandtold lady

83

JPRS*SSA+85°124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

who used to run the
place had since died.

Her daughter, Miss
Snockie Pule (33), with
friends, Mr Buti Seko-
bane (36) and Mr Se-
chaba Mofokeng were
playing rhythm and
blues records. ;

Mr Sekobane Kaid
that on the whole.
Sharpeville was a good
place because the peo-
ple were very friendly
and had a strong com-
munity spirit.

“When a death, for
instance, befalls a family
here, all the neighbours
rally around the be+
reaved and contribute
money towards the but
tial,” Mr Sekobane said.

Miss Pule said that al-
though recreational fa-
cilities for young and old
were inadequate, there
was at least- a public
swimming pool, a tennis
court, one motel and &
recreation club for the
young’in Sharpeville~

As in other areas,
Sharpeville is haunted
by the spectre of unem-
ployment. Mr Sydney
“Poitier” Temanyane
(29), whom we run
across on our rounds,



/12828
cso:

ze on its assistance
to Liberia, end that

because of the freeze
the company was forced
to lay off 80 of its
employees,

When contacted py
“INA yesterday, Public
dorks Minister James
Vv. Burphy Said goy-
ernment currently owes
ADB six mM1lion dol-

the money has to be
vepaid before any ADB--
3POnsored Project

3400/429

would be
here.

He said the freeze
had an adverse effect"
on bis ministry's ef-
fort to have all high-
way projects in the
country completed on
schedule,

Ministry Burphy has
meanwhile advise com-
Panies in charge of
such projects to ex~
ercise patience while
8overnment seeks solu-
tion to the Problem,

~LINA-

continued

28


JPRS-SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAI RS

BRIEFS

ECOWAS BANK ALLOCATES SHARES--The capital of the Ecobank J/bank of ECOWAS states/
8roup, which has been fixed at $100 million, has been shared out among the 16
countries according to a method of distribution which makes it Possible for

all the citizens of the community to Participate. The Percentage of allocations
to the various states is as follows: Benin (3.5 Percent), Burkina Faso (4
percent), Cape Verde Islands (1 percent), Gambia (1 Percent), Ghana (3 percent),
Guinea-Bissau (2 Percent), Guinea (1 percent), Liberia (3.5 percent), Mali (2
percent), Mauritania (on Percent), Niger (3.5 percent), Nigeria (30 percent) ,
Senegal (7 percent), Sierra Leone (3.5 percent), Togo (4 percent), and Ivory

CSO: 3400/464


[Answer] Samora Machel was not invited: He invited himself and that is
different. The policy pursued by the United States State Department

through Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Chester Crocker

and the ambassador in Maputo started with the basic idea that Samora

Machel can be persuaded to edge away from his communist allies and move
closer to the Western democracies. President Reagan is perfectly entitled

to want to make sure personally whether such a policy is correct or incorrect,
whether it is smart or naive. The statements made by Ronald Reagan at the
end of the meeting with the visitor appear to us to be merely a matter of
courtesy.

(Question] But do you think that Samora Machel will be able to rid himself
of Marxist control?

[Answer] 1 think that the answer is absolutely not. The entire game which
he is playing with respect to the West, including the visit to the United
States, has the approval of the Soviet Union, It is a game that is suitable
for the Russians who, by themselves,’ cannot support the economy of the
Marxist People's Republic of Maputo. It wants to make sure that Samora
Machel will continue to make promises of liberalization and nonalignment
and, in exchange, to continue to ask for economic aid but so far he has

not taken a single step to satisfy the American congressmen who made this
aid dependent upon a reduction in the number of Soviet military advisors in
Mozambique and other practical evidence of renunciation of Marxism. Up

to what point can this nonsense pe accepted? That is something I do not
know,

[Question] What is really at stake here? The fact that this is a Marxist
regime or the practice of violations of human rights by FRENILO?

[Answer] From my point of view, both things. Where there is a Marxist
regime there will also necessarily be human rights violations.

Two Russian Hostages Freed

[Question] What was the reaction of the persons you talked to of when the
troops of Zimbabwe entered Mozambique? Did they not consider this as a risk
of the Vietnamization of the conflict?

[Answer] Zimbabwe impresses the Americans very little. What does impress
them is the Russians and the Cubans.

[Question] Concerning the Russians: News from Maputo stated that there
was evidence that two of the Soviets captured by RENAMO some time ago have
in the meantime been shot. What do you have to say to that?

[Answer] First of all, these so-called news reports from FRELIMO do not
deserve the slightest degree of confidence, above all in this case, when
the news concerns "documents found at the Gorongosa base" where they really
found nothing. Second, I will tell you that the two Russians-~their names
are Istomin and Gravilov--belonged to a group of 24; they are alive and

43



The final speaker, oTaAo's secretary general, Mr Lawali Moutari, expressed
his warmest appreciation to the participants, and wished them a pleasant
journey home.

at the conclusion of their work, the seminar participants made the
following recommendations :

a. From now on, OTAO should be recognized, associated, and
consulted on matters concerning workers;

b. ECOWAS should aid and encourage OTAO by providing
financial assistance;

Ce The “check-off£" system should be used in all of ECOWAS's
member countries in order to enable unions to improve their
financial situation and also that of their regional
organizations ?

da. and finally, regular meetings should be scheduled of the
ministers of labor of the subregion in order to discuss
the pressing problems facing the subregion's workers.

The participants also approved a motion expressing their sincere thanks to
the people of Niger, their government , and General Kountche for the warm wel-
come given them, and the facilities made available to them during their

stay in Niger.

7679
cso: 3419/61



gprs-Ssa-85~124
18 December 1985

IOC: What Prospects?

There is indeed a potential for trade among the IOC countries. The
development of contacts between the socio-economic agents of the various
countries in the last few months revealed a virtual absence of information
about the industrial and agricultural potential of the countries involved,
whose production units very often operate below their capacity, while imports
of these products from outside the region are substantial (e.g. plate glass,
cement, Madagascar soya, textile products, fruit and vegetables of Mauritius,
etc.).

Meetings of strong delegations of economic operators and government
representatives have been held in Madagascar, (Reunion, end of 1984), and
planned (Mauritius, end of 1985) to explore these possibilities on site.
However, the often-held image, for the medium and long term, of the structure
of intra-regional trade (Malagasy agricultural products, Mauritian industries,
and up-to-date services of Reunion, in particular) cannot be made a reality
without solving the obstacles, particularly in regard to availability and cost
of sea and air freight, and without reconstruction of the Malagasy economy.

The I10C seems to have realized that the regional cooperation must not be
jimited to development of intra-regional trade, put must also concentrate on
joint economic projects. Thus, various projects have been accepted:
development of craft industry, regional tourism, tuna fishing, renewable
energy, sea transport, etc.

As Dr Pierre Yin said, regional cooperation conforms to the direction of the
history of civilization.

Country Area Population GNP/ person Main exports

(m2) (1982) (approx) (% of total earnings 1982)
Comoros 2,236 365,600(e) 1,300 vanilla (65%); garlic (23%)
Madagascar 592,800 9,600,000 1,600 coffee (28%); garlic (242)
Mauritius 2,040 983,300 7,100 sugar (63%); textiles (25%)
Reunion 2,512 515,800 20,000* sugar (78%)
Seychelles 280 64,000 18,100 copra (46%); fish (36%)

(e) estimated
* 1981

Closing Session
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 14 Sep 85 p 4
[Text] The work of the IBION symposium at the Mahatma Gandhi Institute ended

in the afternoon of the day before yesterday, in the presence of the French
ambassador to Mauritius, Philippe Petit; the minister counsellor to the

37



@ Foreign Investment: Since January 1983 Joint ventures have been

authorised between Ethiopian public sector bodies and foreign private or public
capital, but they are subject to too many restrictions. A new, more flexible
int venture code, should be announced soon, with greater Opportunity for
foreign majority shareholdings. If it is as positive as has been indicated,
Ethiopia could offer advantages to EEC investors. But the government would
first have to guarantee repatriation of profits and dividends, and reasonable
independence of management control.

@ Nationalisation and Compensation: Since the beginning of negotiations in
1981 on compensation in the wake of nationalisations implemented since 1977,
agreement has been reached on about 75% of the value of nationalised assets.
They concern Italy and the Netherlands, and to a lesser extent the United
States, Britain and Japan. But many small claims and some larger ones have not
been settled and in the vast majority of cases have not even been acknowledged.

© Commercial Credit: In the past Ethiopia has looked to medium-term

credit. It now recognises that she will be unable to service significant new
of this type in the future, and therefore the country's dependence on

capital aid is likely to increase substantially. The authors of the report are

confident of its willingness, if not ability, to repay. Most EEC countries

cover export risks on a case-by-case basis, except Greece, Ireland and

Luxembourg.

@ Development Strategy: The wholesale trade in grain, already dominated

and distorted by the pricing policies and the monopoly distribution rights (in
certain provinces) of the Agricultural Marketing Corporation, is one of the few
remaining areas where private traders have been allowed to function, albeit

only at the lowest level of the distribution chain: during the plan period the
state's share of this trade will be greatly increased. Many observers believe
that a major contributory factor to the shortage of food is the failure of the

government to provide or permit incentives for increased production by the
Peasant sector. The state sector has so mismanaged the once-productive estates
it inherited after nationalisation that its earnings from the export of cash
crops can no longer make a substantial contribution to the government's foreign
exchange earnings and consequent ability to purchase cereals on the world
market.

13104
CSO: 3400/437

16


JPRS*SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

BURKINA

BRIEFS

SANKARA CABLES AL-QADHDHAFI--Tripoli, Safar 25, Nov 9, Jamahiriyah News Agency--
The revolutionary leadership and people of Burkina Faso [republic] reinstated
their support to and solidarity with the great lst September revolution and the
people of the socialist people's Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah. Captain Thomas
Sankara, chairman of the National Revolutionary Council said in a message he
sent to the leader of the revolution: "] would like to reaffirm, to you my
dear brother, in the name of the people of Burkina Faso, the National Revolu-
tionary Council, and the revolutionary government our constant determination to
stand by you in the battle you are fiercely fighting against colonial and
imperialist forces to preserve the independence of Africa and its dignity.
Captain Sankara reiterated, in his message to the leader of the revolution, the
anti-imperialist stand of Burkina Faso and its struggle against imperialist
schemes. [Text] [Tripoli JANA in English 1442 GMT 9 Nov 85 LD) /12712

ACREEMENT WITH CANADA--The Burkinabe Government and Canada this afternoon

signed a protocol of understanding under which Canada places at the disposal

of the Republic of Burkina a subsidy of 4 million Canadian dollars, about 1.4
pillion CFA francs. This nonrefundable aid will serve to help the people of
Passore Province to rehabilitate, conserve and manage the vegetation. The
signing ceremony took place at the office of the minister of financial resources,
representing the Burkinabe Government. Canada was represented by its
ambassador, John Peter Bell. [Text] [Ouagadougou Domestic Service in French
1900 GMT 18 Nov 85 AB] /12712

cso: 3400/453

11



Gerard Ludi Speaks to Afrikaans Students on Communist Party
(DIE AFRIKANER, 2 Oct BD) cccccccccvceccsecsesseresreeeee

Passing-Out Parade for New Municipal Police
(SOWETO, 8 Nov 85) cesecsscceecceecessnsresserese esse eres

Cape Gets Big Slice of Jobless Relief Aid
(THE ARGUS, 30 Oct 85) sesvesseceeceeseserssecseseeree ees

Labor Organizer Discusses Detention Experience
(SAPA, 15 Nov 85) .. rr as

Nation Facing Dilemma Over Technology
(Jennigay Coetzer; THE SUNDAY STAR, 3 Nov 85) sececeecees

BUSINESS DAY Editor on Debt Moratorium Extension
(BBC World Service, 16 Nov BS) cecceccccceecceceesseeese?

Radio Comments on Country's Response to Oil Embargo
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 18 Nov 85) sesceeeerreere

Briefs
Warning System From Israel

SWAZILAND

Briefs
Detention Orders Renewed

ZIMBABWE

Mugabe Sticks Neck Out Over Sanctions
(Robin Drew; THE STAR, 1 Nov B5) cacceccccevcccecessseees

Harare Woos South African Disinvestment Lobby
(Colleen Lowe; THE WEEKLY MAIL, 1-7 Nov 85) seceeee

89

91

92

93

95

97

99

101

102

103

105



JPRS*SSA+8541 24
18 December 1985

STERRA LRONE

CHINESE ASSISTANCE
Minah Hails Chinese Joint Ventures
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 19 Oct 85 ppl, 12

[Text] Acting President Francis Minah has lauded the Sierra Leone, Chinese
relationship and welcomed the Chinese government's new policy of Joint
partnership in Sierra Leone.

Mr. Minah who was addressing a top level Chinese delegation at the State House
said he was pleased to note that the happy relationship has gone one stapo
further to include the private sector as is evidenced in ponding agricultural
development projects.

The Acting President said Sierra Leoneans were looking forward to the rice
scheme which is to be embarked upon with Chinese partictpation.

Mr Minah recalled his visit to China in 1974 and said he was highly impressed
by the warm and brotherly reception accorded his delepation as well as the
determination and hard work of the Chinese people.

The Acting President who said Sierra Leoneans are always happy to receive a
delegation from China, lauded Chiense assistance to Sierra Leone which he
observed dates back many years with landmarks as living testimony of signs of
help to this country and her people.

As a descendant of Pujehun district, Mr. Minah said, he was Particularly happy
about the rubber Project which the Chineso have agreed to undertake in that
Part of the country.

He said his People were bound to benefit not only from the by-products — soap
and edible oil - but also from employment facilities which will be Provided by
the project.

Mr. Minah regretted the absence of President Stevens who, he said, would have
like to meet the delegation but was on offictal duty abroad.

In his reply, the Head of the Chinese delegation, Mr Liu Tianfu, who is a
member of the Central Advisory Council of the Communist Party of China and
former Governor of Quantong Province referred to the various Chinese projects
in Sierra Leone and believed we could help each other through such programmes.

66


JPRS“SSA7857124
18 December 1985

LESOTHO

HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY CRITICIZES OPPOSITION
MB151336 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 15 Nov 85

[Text] The National Assembly today passed a strongly worded motion in which
the honorable house wholly rejected with contempt and indignation the dis-
respectful and malicious statements against the honorable speaker of the
National Assembly, which have been made by the leaders of the five opposition
parties in Lesotho on 14 November 1985 on the speech made by the Honorable
Dr J.T. Kolane on 11 November 1985, when he welcomed the Progressive Federal
Party, PFP, delegation to the National Assembly.

The motion further stated that the said opposition leaders who have malicious—
ly slandered the honorable speaker and who have insulted the honorable chair
with preposterous insults are Messrs G.P. Ramoreboli of the Basotholand
Congress Party, BCP, B.M. Khaketla of the Marematlou Freedom Party, MFP,

C.D. Mofeli of the United Democratic Party, UDP, A.C. Manyeli of the National
Independence Party, NIP, and a fifth person who claims to represent the Basotho
Democratic Alliance, BDA, all of whom were rejected by the Basotho nation on
nomination day on 14 August this year.

In introducing this motion, the Honorable Member of Parliament Morena {chief ]
Mooki Molapo, said that he was amazed that there were some people who called
themselves leaders of opposition parties and yet the Basotho nation categorical-
ly rejected them on nomination day, and the nation showed in broad daylight
that the true leader of the Basotho was the Right Honorable the Prime Minister,
Dr Leabua Jonathan, and showed their undying support for his leadership.

Chief Mooki told the honorable house that Dr Leabua Jonathan was a true
democrat, a product of the Westminister system of parliament, where everybody
was free to express their opinion. Chief Mooki said to prove this even
further, it was only in Lesotho where opposition leaders have behaved so dis-
gracefully, yet they still have the freedom to express their opinion. He said
that in most African countries, opposition leaders who behave in this manner
are thrown into jail. He said it was true as the honorable speaker told the
PFP delegation that the opposition parties failed dismally to field candidates
on nomination day because they had been rejected by the nation. Chief Mooki
says the honorable house categorically rejects with contempt and indignation
the malicious statements against the honorable speaker, and also upheld the
honorable speaker's dignity for this faultless service to the National Assembly
and for having been able to rise above politics.

21



JPRS*SSA*85*124
18 December 1985

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

COOPERATION WITH CUINEA BISSAU--ANGOP and the Guinea Bissau news agency have
signed in Luanda a cooperation agreement on the exchange of national and inter—
national news through telex and other means. ANGOP Director Raimundo Sotto-
Maior and Francisco Barreto, the general director of the Guinea Bissau news
agency, signed the agreement. [Summary] {Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese
0500 GMT 18 Nov 85 MB] =/12712

IDEOLOGY SECRETARY DISCUSSES CONGRESS-~The Second Congress of the MPLA-Labor
party, which is due to be held in December 1985, will draw up future actions at
all levels for the next 5 years in order to better solve the problems affecting
the Angolan people. This is what Roberto de Almeida, the MPLA-Labor Party
Central Committee secretary of ideology, said in an interview given to ANGOP
recently. Roberto de Almeida added that the present political and military
situation of our country which is characterized by imperialist aggressiveness,
will also be examined in detail by the congress delegates in order to adopt new
measures in this field. On the importance of strengthening the leading role of
the party, Roberto de Almeida said that for a young country Jike Angola follow-
ing the socialist path, there was a significant need for the establishment of a
political organization that will integrate all Angola patriots who are conscious
that the path of our development must be socialism. Accordingly, the secretary
for ideology urged that militant masses to decisively contribute through their
daily work to the strengthening, cohesion, and prestige of the party. On the
shortage of cadres, a factor which is extremely important for the social and
economic development of the country, the party official said that the country
needed cadres who would adapt to the on going socialist revolution and become
instilled with the necessary militancy that would enable them to render their
contribution wherever needed. [Text] [Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese
0500 GMT 15 Nov 85 MB] /12712

RADIO CITES NUJOMA ON INDEPENDENCE--SWAPO President Sam Nujoma had told the
TASS correspondent in Luanda that the situation in Namibia became more complex
after Pieter Botha's decision to install an interim and puppet transitional
government in Windhoek. Sam Nujoma said that SWAPO rejects this illegal action
and reiterated his support for negotiations as a means to resolve the independ-
ence of Namibia. However, this has been rejected by Pretoria. Sam Nujoma said
that racist South Africa continues to maintain relations with United States and
uses delaying tactics to perpetuate its illegal occupation of Namibia and the
exploitation of its people. Until now, Pretoria and Washington have not



JPRS-SSA*B5°124
18 December 1985

LIBERTA

PLANNING MINISTRY LAUNCHES CENSUS OF ESTABLISHMENTS
Monrovia FOOTPRINTS TODAY in English 30 Oct 85 p3

[Text] The Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs yesterday launched a
Census of establishments in all Counties within Iiberta.

The Census will be carried out by field interviews. This complete count of
establishments will show where and what kinds of economic activities are
taking place in the country, according to a release issued by the Ministry.

The results of this census will show what kinds of jobs are needed now and in
the future, the release said, adding that the establishment Census results
will also serve as the basis for charting new directions in human resources
development over the next five years.

Meanwhile, the Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs, Major Emmanuel 0.
Gardiner, is appealing to the County Superintendents and heads of all
establishments to assist the field staff in whatever way possible to make this
census a success. All field work is scheduled to be completed by Noverber 22,
1985, the release added.

113104
CSO: =3400/430



NATION FACING DILEMMA OVER TECHNOLOGY

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English (Business) 3 Nov 85 p 2

[Article by Jennigay Coetzer]

[Text]

WHEN IT comes to technolo-,
, gy versus job opportunity.
South Africa must decide
: whether it wants to be a first

world or a third world coun-
: try. .
“You either automate, you;
j emigrate and take your man-

, ufacturing operatioy and put’

it in the Pacific basin, or you
| evaporate,” says Professor

;, Roy Marcus, dean of the engi- ;
; neering faculty at Wits. “4
| “And that is where SA is at -
; the moment. We are rapidly ;
f evaporating becausé we are}
| unable to compete to any rea-

sonable extent on the interna-
{, tional market.” .

! Professor Marcus points
; out that the computer has to:{
{ tally transformed the concept
| of manufacture. :
The information revolution !

is unlike any other in that,

{ with all previous industrial |
y revolutions, the final skill has

t resided in the individual’s*
\ abilities he explains. i
{© “Whereas industrial revolu-’
; tion put power into human
\ hands, the advent of the com-
x puter has placed a’ certain,
amount of decision — albeit’
; at a low level at this stage — ,
sin the hands of a machine.” {
'\. But, in facing the fact that
¢ the rand/dollar exchange rate
"is here to stay management
{must capitalise on the situa-;
f tion and make an ail out ef-?
& fort to export, says Marcys. ©?
i; “The problem is now we’

[Start ‘saying: ‘That's all well,
} and good, but what’s going to}
+ happen to the people?” if
The current naive concept '
¢ that SA can rely on the export .
. of raw materials is danger-?
‘ ous, says Marcus. i
“There have been two inter- ;
esting scientific developments *
| over the past couple of years ”
which prove this.
{ “We rely on a certain
+‘ amount of foreign exchange
as a result of exporting cop- ;
} per, but optical fibre which
, provides a more flexible and .
{ Sophisticated means of com-
} munication is taking over that :
market. ;
{, Moreover, the ceramics;
+ issue is even more frighten-
} ing, says Marcus. “At the mo-
} ment we are exporting large ;
; quantities of pig iron to the
Japanesé, who make diesel
engines out of it.
“But it is predicted that*
i around the year 1995, massive
' components in diesel engines
“are going to be made of ce-
|.ramics. 7 :
i “The basic ingredient of:
§ these two technologies is high
quality sand and the tragedy -
is we don’t have high quanti- ;
§ ties of it for viable export.” . «
_ _ Referring to the naivety of :
South Africa’s manufacturers,
* Professor Marcus says they
f have never really looked aty
i

| exporting finished products. !
i “Neither have they recog-{
mised that recent develop-¥

95

JPRS+SSA*857124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS~SSA~85~124
December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MINORITY OF EDUCATORS SUPPORT ADMISSION OF NON-WHITES
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 2 Oct 85 ps5

[Article: "Minority of Teachers Ask for Open University of Stellenbosch: Only
300 of 784 Sign"]

[Text] Fewer than half of the teaching personnel at the University of
Stellenbosch signed a petition for the further opening up of the university.

Only 300 of the 784 teachers supported a recent plea of the rector, Professor
Mike De Vries, that full student status be accorded to non-white students,

What is particularly significant is that the petition was initiated and dis-
tributed by the teachers' union, but that even so only a minority of teachers
could be found to support an entirely multiracial University of Stellenbosch,

Although outsiders were given the impression that it was a spontancous move on
the part of the teachers, the organizing of the petition clearly bore the im-
print of the teachers’ union.

Some teachers at Stellenbosch are displeased that the teachers' union involved
itself officially in a controversial political issue. Although the teachers’
union announced in the petition that it wanted to give all teaching personnel
the opportunity to state their points of view, no room was left for the stating
of viewpoints. Teachers could simply either sign the petition or not.

The executive of the teachers’ union says that it supports the rector in his
"initiative" on the relaxation of admission requirements for colored students.
Teachers were therefore asked to express their support and thanks to Professor
De Vries for the "lead" he gave in his specch on 16 August about "broader"
admission and full involvement of colored students at the university. "Both
the educational task of the university and the important role of the universi ty
in South African society are thereby broadened and strengthened," the teachers!
union says.

In the speech to which the teachers' union refers, Professor De Vries asked ‘that
students of all races be admitted to the university, even if the courses they
want to follow are offered at their own universities. All students should en-
joy full student status, which will mean that the Group Areas Act will have to
be amended, Professor De Vries said.

12906/12859
CsO: 3401/33 88


rejected the policy that links the independence of Namibia to the withdrawal of
the Cuban troops from Angola. Moreover, South Africa, encouraged by the U.S,
policy of constructive engagement, has not ceased its aggression against the
frontline states, especially against the People's Republic of Angola, Sam
Nujoma added. Sam Nujoma concluded that SWAPO considers that UN security
Council Resolution 435/78 as the only valid solution to the Namibian issue,
SWAPO will continue the armed struggle until the implementation of that resolu-
tion, which recommends the independence of the illegally occupied territory of
Namibia without preconditions, [Text] {Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese
1200 GMT 14 Nov 85 MB] /12712

CSO: 3400/434


stevedores countrywide were suspended, the International Confederation of Free
Trade Unions asked its affiliates to take action, the International Labor
Organisation was informed and the International Transport Federation protested
directly to the South African Embassy in London.

In addition, a number of South African companies involved in union negotia-
tions with the GWU protested to the police and to the state president,
Mr P.W. Botha.

Another key GWU organiser, the Rev Howard Marawu, has been in detention since
the day before the state of emergency was extended to the western Cape.

19599
CSO: 3400/451


JPRS“SSA*857124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

RADIO COMMENTS ON COUNTRY'S RESPONSE TO OIL EMBARGO
MB180924 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 18 Nov 85
[Station commentary ]

[Text] In a VOA broadcast some years ago a leading American analyst drew
attention to South Africa's remarkable response to the international oil
boycott. The influence the country's opponents have had by threatening to
restrict its oil supplies had virtually disappeared, he said, as a result of
it having become more or less self-sufficient in energy. The threat of an oil
embargo had become meaningless. The response it evoked in South Africa was a
comprehensive program that had turned the country into one of the most
independent in its energy requirements.

Originally, liquid fuel was the Achiles heel since South Africa had no known
deposits of oil. A state company, Soeker, [Southern Oil Exploration
Corporation] was established to search for oil and in recent years its
explorations have yielded increasingly favorable results offshore. The result
has been the announcement that a 3.5-billion-rand project would be launched to
extract gas offshore near Mossel Bay in the southern Cape. It has been
estimated to meet about 20 percent of South Africa's needs.

Oil exploration in even more promising areas is continuing. Meanwhile,
another South African company, SASOL [South African Coal, Oil, and Gas
Corporation], went ahead in the 70's and vastly increased fuel production from
another source, coal. Today the 6-billion-rand SASOL II and III projects
stand as a monument to the technological expertise and political determination
with which the boycott theat was met.

America's NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine has commented: A steady procession of
energy pilgrims from industrial nations, oil men, coal men, and government
officials visit these awesome temples to behold a vision of the future.

Reducing South Africa's dependence on imported oil has taken other forms as
well. Production of energy from sources other than oil has been greatly
increased in the past 10 years. Because South Africa is (?£abulously) rich
in coal--known deposits amounting to about 60,000 million tons-~it has
embarked on a program of building very large coal-based power stations, each

99



IPRS=SSA+85+124
8 December 1985

SIERRA LEONE

STEVENS DISCUSSED SUPPORT FOR LEBANESE PEACE. EFFORTS
Freetown DAILY MAIL in English 26 Sep 85 p2

[Text] President Siaka Stevens has pledged that Sierra Leone will co-operate
with Lebanon at all international fora with the aim of finding a just and
durable peace to war-torn Lebanon in the interest of the larger objective of
maintaining international Peace and security.

Sierra Leone, he said, has continued to follow developments in Lebanon
especially since its occupation by external forces.

The President's remarks came in response to a speech by the new Lebanese
Ambassador, Dr. William Farid Habib, when he presented his credentials at
State House.

interferance.

The President spoke of the long standing relations between Sierra Leone and
Lebanon dating back to the early 19th century and pointed out that the
Lebanese community in the country has lived and worked with Sierra Leoneans in
the spirit of mutual respect and friendship.

He expressed government's appreciation for the contribution by the community
towards national development and hoped that the strong bilateral ties Sierra
Leone and Lebanon have enjoyed will continue to grow even stronger in the

In presenting his credentials to the President, the new Ambassador noted that
the peace and tranquility in Sierra Leone underlined Dr. Stevens good
leadership and wise guidance.

Dr. Habib said that under President Stevens, Sierra Leone would always be

renowned for the continued stability and long years of democratic rule which
assured equal rights to all.

62


IPRS-SSA-85-124
18 December 1985

SIFRRA LEONE

NATIONAL PETROLEUM PAYS DIVIDEND, PRECIOUS MINERALS COMPANY PRAISED
Freetown DAILY MAII, in English 18 Sep 85 p3

[Text] An Le80,000 cheque has been presented to President Siaka Stevens as
government's share of the dividends declared by the National Petroleum Company
for the 1984 fiscal year.

Presenting the cheque to President Stevens at the State House the General
Manager Mr. Donald Smythe Macauley disclosed that a Lelmillion dividend was
declared by the Company and that the net Profit for the past year was Lel.6
million.

Mr. Symthe Macauley disclosed that government's share of the dividends
represented a 53 percent return on investments made in less than one year.

He recalled that in June last year, government acquired 60 Percent of the
shares of British Petroleum (B.P) for 375,000 pound sterling.

In October last year, the Precious Minerals Marketing Company (PMMC) also
acquired the remaining 40 percent of the shares for 300,000 dollars he added.

Mr. Symthe Macauley promised that the Directors and management of the Company
would do their utmost to run the company as efficiently as possible to make it
the nation's pride.

President Stevens congratulated the Management for their splendid performance
and said government was very much interested in ensuring that the Company
succeeds in its vital task.

Presenting the General Manager to the Head of State earlier, the Minister of
Finance Mr. Joe Amara Bangali said that the 60 percent shares bought by the
government has not only broadened the investment base but that it has also
helped to create more job opportunities. ue

On behalf of the PMMC which owns 40 percent on National Petroleum, Mr. J. §.
Mohamed praised the activities of the Management and staff and said the
Company has an efficient Board of Directors.

Mr. Mohammed disclosed the Company's plans to embark on further activities.

113104 ‘68
CSO: 3400/441


JPRS*SSA*85~124
18 December 1985

DIIBOUTI

TWO ARMY CAPTAINS ARRESTED

Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 19 Oct 85 p 4

[Text]

Two Djiboutian officers, Captain Mohamed Abdillahi Shire, known as

KAMY, the commander of the Frontier Commando Group, and his deputy,

Cay

jptain ADOU Ali Adou, were arrested on October 9 by the military police,

assisted by the gendarmerie. Unofficially, the Djibouti authorities say
that during a tour of the bases of the Frontier Commando Group the two
officers had called on the troops to rebel against the authorities and
rob local nomads. Summoned by the head of the Djiboutian armed forces,
General Ali Meidal WAIS, Captain KAMY was said to have refused to submit
a report of the tour, and stated that he would only be answerable to the
general commanding the French troops in Djibouti.

1.0.N.- Information obtained by THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER suggest
that the arrests have a rather different motive than that being
recounted unofficially in Djibouti. Behind this affair is the
discovery by Captain KAMY of a certain number of arms caches south of
Dikhil, on the border with Ethiopia: they had apparently been hidden
there by Iseas who fought for the Western Somalia Liberation Front
during the Somali-Ethiopian war and who had kept their weapons when
the war ended in-1978.

It seems that Captain KAMY had suspected certain prominent people
in_the_ government of having taken over these etocks of weapons, with
the idea of uaing them in case of trouble. The captain apparently
aubmitted a report to the French military authorities in Djiboutt on
thie matter.

The arrest of Captains KAMY and ADOU, coming as it does scarcely
more than three months after the diamissal of defence minister Habib
LOITA (see I.0.N. N°189), peveals the existence of political tension
which, affecting the Djiboutian armed forces as it does, could in the
future constitute a serious danger to the stability of the regime.

/13104

cso:

3400/437

13



19274
cso:

“ments in manufacturing are~
not just a passing phase, they
are here to stay.”

Flexible manufacturing
provides the ultimate solution
to the South African scenario.

1 And the computer has Itt

| berated manufacturers from j

| having to have large econom. !

\ ie order quantities to justify a;
large manufacturing opera-
tion. A variety of machine
tools can be controlled by ay
computer, he says. !

“For the first hour this
morning you are making tea-

! Spoons, for the next hour you

| are making hub-caps for a

“motor car and for the next :
hour you're making kettles.“ }

Flexible manufacturing has |

. also provided the Opportunity ~

» of having decentralised manu-
facturing operations, Says
Marcus. :

“You can opt to produce a
number of related compo-
nents and you don't need to
Produce millions, you only
need to produce hundreds

“Yes the initial capital out-
lay is heavy because skilled
people are needed to run the
flexible cell.” -

But there are serious con-
Sequences of hot automating

e Says.

“Companies are closing
down every day in this coun.
try because of their inability
to compete.”

There are some classic ex-

“amples that prove this point,
he points out. “One particular
company that was manufac-

“\ turing small electric motors
+ decided to move into one of
« the homelands.
: _ “They capitalised on the fa-
vourable concept that they
{ could take advantage of the
“cheap” labour costs ‘

a

3400/458

“But they soon found they
couldn't produce their product
at the right quality at the
right price.

The company was faced
with two alternatives — ej-
ther to automate or to close
the plant down

They decided to close and
consequently disposed of
more than 1.000 workers

“The exact parallel hap-
pened in Australia, but when
faced with the choice the
company in question imple.
mented a certain amount of

" technology in specific areas

“Instead of displacing 100%
of their workers, only 40% of
them lost their jobs and 60%
were retained

“This company is now pro-
ducing motors at the right
quality and the right price
and they are able to export

* their product

“In South Africa, as long as
we continue to work on out:
dated manufacturing tech-
niques we are just going to
have more and more people
walking the streets"

You cannot turn around to-
morrow and fully automate
everything, warns Marcus,
“In Japan you don't find

. robots sweeping the streets

96

“But robots are doing other
Jobs and they are creating
more employment opportuni-
ties because the Japanese are
capturing the export markets

South Africa must wake wy
and accept the fact that if a
vigorous attempt to create a
middle class black population
succeeds. every family in
Soweto will be able to afford
appliances in their homes that
Will provide unbelievable op-
portunities for local manufac.
ture, says Professor Marcus



IPRS“SSA+854124
18 December 1985

CHANA

MINISTER SAYS FUEL TAX BEING CONSIDERED
AB131150 Accra Domestic Service in English 0700 CNT 13 Nov 85

[Text] The Ministry of Fuel and Power is considering a special tax on
fuel to raise revenue for the maintenance of roads in the country. This
was disclosed in an interview with the GHANA NEWS AGENCY in Accra by the
secretary, Mr Emmanuel Appiah-Korang. He said considering the impact of
good roads on fucl conservation, this should be implemented in the short
term.

Mr Appiah-Korang, who did not give details, said the tax would be paid
into a special fund at the Ministry of Roads and Highways and monitored
by his ministry, Mr Appiah-Korang said good roads would also increase
the life span of vehicles and save the country money that would otherwise
have been used to import spare parts. Tho secretary said the ministry is
secking funds to purchase engine (? tuning) machines for petrol filling
stations to service vehicles as another means of fuel conservation,

Mr Appiah-Korang expressed the belief that of] consumption trends in the
country have been on the decline because of pricing methods and other
factors. The secretary explained that factors such as car pooling,
improvement of public transport, and the general awareness of tho people
have also Played a part in reducing oi] consumption.

Mr Appiah-Korang submitted that there is a decline in the smuggling of
petroleum products. This is because it is no longer lucrative. He,
however, called for a concerted effort by the security personne] and

the public to eliminate it completely. The secretary said the oil supply
situation was well under contro] with stock reserves of finished products
averaging about 7 and 1/2 weeks. He said although the total yearly
importation of crude oil is still J million tons, the national stock has
increased appreciably,

112858
CSO: 3400/405

18


There are really people who think that Maputo is an occupied city where
individuals cannot enjoy the fresh air in the garden. In this case, every~
thing ended without any serious incidents. But what will happen next time?

5058
csO: 3442/34

47



CAPE GETS BIG SLICE OF JOBLESS RELIEF AID

Cape Town THE ARGUS in English 30 Oct 85 p 9

[Text]

/12828
CSO: 3400/424

A SUBSTANTIAL part of the R600-million
made available by the Government for un-
employment relief has been allocated to
Cape local authorities.

Mr PJ Loubser, MEC in charge of local govern
ment, says the purpose is to provide registered
unemployed people not receiving unemployment
benefits with work on special short-term projects
as soon as possible

A maximum of R8 a day for each unemployed per-
son will be made available for projects in urban
areas

Of this, at least R4 a day must be paid as an allow-
ance to the unemployed person The balance is to
be used for financing equipment and material,
food, transport, supervision or general adminis.
tration costs.

Rural areas

The local authority may supplement the allowance
from its own funds.

For rural areas, R6 a day will be available, of which
the unemployed person must get at least R3.

Mr Loubser says funds may not be used for projects
already budgeted for.

Only people who complied with the normal work
and residential requirements for a specific area
would be eligible. This included unemployed com-
muters or contract workers normally employed in
the area.

92

JPRS*SSA+85=124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


/12828
cso:

3400/429

self reliance; tnrough
the “promotion of skills
as well as improving
the living conditions
of inhabitants in the
rural parts of Libe-
via.

He said besides the
UNDP, other UN organi-
zations are also as-
Ssisting Liberia in
various areas which
are in dire need of
development.

He mentioned the Food
and Agricultural Or-
Banization which is
providing financial
assistance to the
agricultural -batta-
lion of the Armed For-
ces of Liberia and the
World Food Progran
which has made availa-
ble some $6.7 million
in food aid for Li-
berian students cover-
ing a five-year pe-
riod.

30


TERS 880-8 5-34
Decombor 1985

ETHIOPIA

SELECTED ECONOMIC INDICATORS REVIFWED
Paris THF INDTAN OCFAN NFWSLFTTER in Fnelish 19 Oct 85 pp 8-9

[Text]

@ Trade deficit and GOP: Since 1980, the annual increase in the trade
deficit has been Tunning at about 13%, The latest unofficial figures available
(up to December 1984) indieate that the trade deficit for 1984 will for the
second time exceed ‘the value of exports. However, import restrictions put into
force in February 1985 might reverse the trend. Coffee Temains the major
foreign exchange earner (63% of the total in 1984), and higher world prices and
increased Ethiopian exports of coffee in 1984 helped offset the drop of exports
in sesame and beans. But the country's continuing failure to increase exports
generally and to attract foreign aid, combined with a fast-growing import bill,
has resulted in a substantial change in the overall balance of payments from an
exceptional surplus of 196.6 million birr* in 1981 to @ deficit of 35.3 million
birr in 1983, &
The rate of GDP Qowth, after a net improvement in the fiscal year 1982/83,
has shown a negative growth for 1983/84 (. 2.3%), much of which was caused by
drought. In 1984/85 there could be a further decline of about 5%, Besides, the
imports of raw materials for industries have been cut back by 20-40% to save on
foreign exchange costs.



IPRS*SSA+85~+194
18 December 1985

NIGERTA

TWO TRIBUNALS TO REVIEW DETENTION CASES
AB061400 Lagos Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 6 Nov 85

[Text] A judicial tribunal of inquiry for the review of cases of persons
convicted by the Special Military Tribunals on the Recovery of Public
Property, and persons conditionally released from detention, has been
instituted by the Federal Government, The 5-member committee has

Mr Mohammed Bello of the Supreme Court as chairman. Other mombers include
a retired judge of the Appeal Court, Justice Latecf J. Dosunmu, Wing,
Commander A, Salihu, Assistant Inspector General of Police Mr C. Omehen,
and a legal practitioner, Mrs Folake Solanke, The tribunal will, among,
other things, review the case of any person or his counsel,

It will determine whether or not the sentences as confirmed will be
upheld, reduced or set aside, and whether any order of forfeitures or
fines should be upheld or (2 dropped). The tribunal will also determine
whether the assets or money of any persons, whether convicted or not,
should be forfeited to the Federal Military Government. In addition,
the panel will, upon receipt of recommendations from the Review Panel on
Persons still held in detention or persons conditionally released,
determine whether such persons should be tried or released. A statement
by the cabinet office in Lagos yesterday said the tribunal has 3 months
within which to submit its report from the date of its first sitting.

The Federal Military Government has also set up a 5-man judicial tribunal

of inquiry to revise the cases of persons convicted under the Exchange
Control Antisabotage and the Special Miscellancous Offenses Decrees of

1984. It is headed by the director of the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies of the University of Lagos, Dr Akinola Aguda. Other members aro
Justice Uthman Mohammed of the Court of Appeal, Lieutenant Colonel Thenacho
of the Nigerian Army, a retired deputy inspector general of police, Chief

C. A. Fagbola, and a legal practitioner, Mr David Vembe. The tribunal's
terms of reference include the determination of whether or not the conviction
of any person under the two decrees should be upheld, reduced or set aside,
whether any order of forfeiture or fines should be upheld or (? dropped).

It will also make any order or stay of execution whenever desirable, ponding
final determination by the tribunal. The tribunal is to submit its report

3 months from the day of its first sitting.

/12858

CSO: 3400/406 58


JPRS+SSA*85°124
18 December 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

RELATED REPORTAGE ON OTAO MEETING
OTAO Seminar Concludes
Niamey LE SAHEL in French 14 Oct 85 p 4

[Text] The OTAO [organization of West African Workers] seminar, which began
on 8 October, and dealt with the gampaign, the final agreement of Lagos, and the
declaration of the 21st conference of chiefs of state and government of the

oau [organization of African Unity] at Addis Ababa in 1985, concluded its

work on Saturday.

The closing ceremony was chaired by Mme Mariama Salifou, secretary general of
the ministry of civil service and labor (representing the minister of civil
service and labor). This ceremony was attended by a number of members of the
diplomatic corps accredited to Niger, and representatives from ECOWAS [Econo-
mic Community of West African States], OAU, BIT [fnternational Labor Orgenization]
OATUU [Organization of African Trade Union Unity], and the Hans Seidel Foun-
dation.

In her speech Mme Mariama Salifou stated that "this seminar has given the
workers of our subregion an opportunity to express their views on ways and
means of going beyond the organization's traditional framework, and of think-
ing about a new direction for olr subregion's economic integration."

Speaking on pehalf of the minister of civil service and labor, she presented
his appreciation and support to the participants in this seminar for their
efforts "to seek a consolidation of our gains and also to seek new ways to
determine with precision the actions which union members of the subregion
should undertake in order to give our governments the support they all need."

Before this, the OTAO's secretary general, Mr Lawali Moutari, spoke,
expressing his sincere appreciation to those attending for their dedication
to their work.

The participants passed a motion expressing their appreciation and support to
General Kountche for the unflagging efforts undertaken in the program against



pass by the island, However, Mandela lost his value after he was transferred
to the Pollsmoor prison. ‘Then the campaign for his release began,

Mr Ludi said that the disturbances of the late fifties and early sixties were
far worse than the present situation. At that time hundreds of Blacks were
smuggled out of the country to Tanzania, and from there to the Soviet Union,
East Germany, Hungary, the United Arab Republic and Algeria, where they re-
ceived military training. By 1960 approximately 6,000 of them were armed,

In 1960 one of the most important foreign intelligence services came to the
conclusion that South Africa was lost and that a successful Marxist-Leninist
revolution would be carried out. The situation was saved, however, when Robert
Sobukwe founded the Pan Africanist Congress during a congress in Orlando. The
ANC was thereby split into Marxist and nationalist movements,

The plan was that a civil disobedience movement would reach a peak around
about 1963, By that time the movements would have close on 9,000 men at

their disposal, while a start was also made with the campaign for international
sanctions. South Africa would not be able to handle the situation.

At that time a lesson--a very important lesson--was learned. That is that in
a situation like the Present one, it docs not avail to arrest the immediate
trouble makers, the little Blacks who throw stones and petrol bombs. In the
fifties and sixties the leaders of the communist party were identified and they
were taken into custody. By means of a series of trials the entire central
committee and the district committees of the communist party were destroyed,
Approximately 200 to 300 people were sent to jail for long periods and that was
the end of it all. All rioting, sabotage and violence immediately stopped.

For more than twelve years total peace reigned in South Africa. All that had
to be done was to eliminate the upper ranks of the communist party.

A second important lesson learned then was that concessions should not be made
during a state of emergency. The strategy of communism is to test its enemies
for weakness. If concessions are made, for example the abolition of the pass
book system, the demands simply increase. The demands will only cease when a
Marxist-Leninist government comes to power,

Mr Ludi said that the communist party had nothing to do with the disturbances
of 1976. After these disturbances, however, a start was made in establishing
the organizational infrastructure of the party. The collapse of white govern-
ments in the neighboring states to the north led to many of the emigre leaders
being able to settle closer to South Africa, He is convinced that some of
them also visit the republic on occasion, because they have the resources of
the KGB available to them.

The communist party of South Africa once again finds itself in an upward phase,
similar to the conditions that existed in the 1920s and again in the 1950s.
Numerous organizations have already been infiltrated by the communists, Mr
Ludi said.

12906/12859

CSO: 3401/33 90


Common Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Cultural Characteristics

The peoples of the Indian Ocean share many common traits of ethnic, religious,
linguistic and cultural nature, whose foundations were laid by the precolonial
and colonial history of demographic migrations, and which need to be revalued.
All these peoples underwent, in various degree, the effects of a deculturation
during the colonial era of which the repercussions endure to this day and
manifest themselves through the strong English and French cultural influence
and the ignorance about neighboring peoples. It is proving historically
necessary to develop a cultural common ground that will enable the development
of a sense of common belonging and identity; in order to combat a kind of
isolation or even cultural uprootedness. In the islands of the southwest
Indian Ocean, for example, the increasing exchange in the fields of sport,
research and entertainment have produced a sense of common belonging. These
ties of a cultural nature and the process of regional cooperation, by mutual
reinforcement, are perhaps the surest guarantee of durability of the
solidarity among these islands.

In another part of his speech, Dr Pierre Yin referred to the unsuitability of
the free trade type of regional integration, or that based on a customs union.
A free trade zone is characterized by elimination of customs tariffs between
member states, but retention by each member state of its tariffs in relation
to third parties, while a customs union involves eliminating customs tariffs
within the customs union and establishment of a common customs tariff for
abroad.

It is a matter of developing the details of a strategy that will truly respond
to the basic needs of developing countries: to emerge from underdevelopment
and dependence on the world market, dominated by the industrialized countries.
It is thus generally recognized that the only road to health for most of them
is to change from an extroverted development to a self-centered one.

In the case of Mauritius, for example, such a self-centered development would
mean rationalization of the development of the export sectors (sugar, free
zone, and tourism) on which the Mauritian economy almost completely depends,
and without which it could not survive in the short and medium term, while
encouraging development of the national economic base, particularly through
agricultural diversification and promotion of import substitution industries.

Driving Force of Regional Integration: Joint Ventures

Self-centered development assumes, on the domestic level, the establishment of
activities oriented toward the local market, while at the same time
rationalizing the export sectors, with the driving force being these
activities. By analogy, let us say, intraregional commercial exchange must be
encouraged, however the driving force of regional integration of the self-
centered type must be establishment of joint ventures.

A joint venture can be defined as an enterprise established by the public

authorities of several countries that have decided to together promote
regional integration (in the absence of spontaneous mechanisms, the decision

35



JPRS*SSA*85~124
18 December 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BUSINESS DAY EDITOR ON DEBT MORATORIUM EXTENSION
MB161050 London BBC World Service in English 0709 GMT 16 Nov 85
[From the "24 Hours" program]

[Text] In South Africa, it looks as if the government has decided to extend
the moratorium on some foreign debt repayments. These were frozen last
September when the rand collapsed amidst the growing unrest in the country.
[Name indistinct] asked Nigel Bruce, the editor of the South African paper
BUSINESS DAY, how much longer the government would go on postponing its
repayments.

[Bruce] Probably you were talking about short-term debt, so if you go on
postponing, it is no longer a short-term debt. There must be sometime when
agreement would have to be reached, but I understand that there are one or two
technical and legal aspects which have to be sorted out to find out actually
first of all precisely how much South Africa does (lowe) and secondly overcome
some of the technical and legal problems and then thirdly get down to the
actual negotiations themselves.

[Name indistinct] On the other hand, it isn't only a reflection, surely, of
technical problems. It does suggest that South African economy itself is in
some turmoil, if the short-term debt can't be paid off?

[Bruce] I don't think that one can say that the economy is in turmoil. The
problem of the debt is the fact that a lot of payments were bunched up within
the next few months and that would have drained the country's reserves
enormously had there not been a moratorium, but given an extended period-~and
when I say an extended period I don't mean turning short-term debt into long-
term debt--by extending the period a little bit now, even perhaps into medium-
term debt, then the surplus on the current account would balance the payment;
it would be sufficient to enable them to repay.

[Name indistinct] When it was announced back in September that South Africa
was going to freeze repayments on its foreign debt, it was something of a
psychological plow for South Africa, it was a public admission that it
couldn't face up to its responsibilities. Is that still a worry with people?

97



Foreign Affairs Ministry, Armand Maudave; and the director of the institute,
Uttama Bissoondoyal, Representatives of 10 shoreline countries of the Indian
Ocean countries participated in this symposium, which approved the procedures
for establishing the IBION network, whose Secretarfat will be based in
Mauritius. This Secretariat, which will operate under the direction of the
Center for Indian Ocean Documentation, Research and Training (CEDREFI), will
work in close cooperation with the Mazingira Institute of Kenya. It should be
recalled that the objective of the IB]0N network is to collect and disseminate
information relating to all the issues of interest to the Indian Ocean.

In addition to the secretariat, the IBION network wil] have several working
components, among others a consultative body composed of five subregions
related to the Indian Ocean, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Occania, East
Africa/Western Indian Ocean, and Middle East. These regions will be
represented respectively by Professor Ganapathy, Dr Khien Thefravit, Dr
Kenneth McPherson and Dr Haroub Othman [as published],

Other decisions approved included publication of a “newsletter” that will
appear every 3 months, with the first in December, and the holding of two
workshops, one in 1986 and the other in 1987. The participants emphasized the
necessity for dissemination of information not only on the horizontal axis,
that is, to the individuals and institutions that are part of the network, but
also on the vertical axis, information disseminated in an urgent manner to the
peoples of the Indian Ocean region,

Research will have a predominant part in the IBION network's framework of
operation. Research projects have already been defined, and others will be
defined in the future as part of the IBION 2-year activity program. The two
research projects that drew the attention of the participants involve, first,
a profile of the institutions and knowledge acquired in the field of
management of marine and environmental resources in the Indian Ocean. The
second project concerns the perceptions and attitudes of the governments and
nongovernmental organizations of the region regarding the non-shoreline powers
of the Indian Ocean, with particular reference to the concept of the Indian
Ocean as a zone of peace,

In the opinion of Bruce Scott of the International Development Research Center
of Canada, which in large part financed the organization of the symposium, the
fact that two organizations, CEDREFI and the Mazingira Institute, agreed to
jointly undertake this project is a positive demonstration of the regional
cooperation. "Such an endeavor is ambitious, particularly at a time when it
is difficult to undertake research,”

He praised the high level of the Symposium's debates, as well as the
organization established. Bruce Scott repeated the desire of his organization
to support research projects throughout the world,

9920
CSO: 3419/18

38