TRADE MINISTER ON TYING COUNTERTRADE TO PROJECTS

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 22 May 86 p 1

[Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1889

N as much as counter-
trade is desirable and
has its advantages,
Nigeria. would be

_cautious in operating the

system. It is also wiser
for it to be tied to
specific projects rather
than consumer commo-
dities.

This is because it has
been discovered that the
system is fraught with
hidden loopholes which
could be used by inter-
national wheeler-¢ealers
to dupe unwary nations.

Trade Minister Gado. Nasko
told the Daily Star in Plovdiv
Bulgaria, that the present
‘Nigerian leadership could not

| support a system whereby the

country cquid not use money it
realises the way it deems wise
and another ‘company is
responsible for spending the
money.

Often, he said, — such
companies submit bills of trade

that do not correspond with
Previous ones, a practice that
was not acceptable.

“In the straight counter.
trade business, # is clean. We
must also tie it to specific
Projects. For instance, if we use
counter-trade arrangements to
bnild a petrochemical complex,
1 am swe our ruture
generations will forgive us if
any mistake occurs.

“But what would we leave as
legacy for them if we fritter our
resources away on ‘consumer
goods? Counter-trade should
be tor viable projects”.

General Nasko, Whb sccus
to have a lot of concern for
future Nigerian generations,

_ also warned about’ the
exploration of our mineral
resources.

He said the need to earn
foreign, exchange should: not
push Nigeria to wasting our
tion" had to be taken of the
fature.

“We must not waste our
resources because they belong
to future generations,” he said,
implying that there was great
need to diversify our foreign
earning base.

55

JPRS~S8A~86~066
4 June 1986

NIGERIA



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BOKSBERG'S ERPM OPENING UP NEW HIGH-GRADE ORE RESERVES

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR (Finance) in English 25 May 86 p 8

{Article by John Orpen]

[Text]

AT THE age of 93, East Rand
Proprietary Mines — better
known simply as ERPM — is the
oldest gold-producer in South Afri-
ca still in operation.

Yet, astoundingly, it is now busy
with a massive R300-million shaft-
sinking and extension programme.
And this is taking place right next
door to a new property develop-
ment — Sunward Park, one of
Boksburg’s latest suburbs.

The Far East Vertical Shaft sys-
tem — or, at least, what will now
become the men-and-materials
shaft and the original sub-verti-
cal shaft associated with it — was
originally sunk in the late 1950s
but never used.

The new project involves the
expansion and deepening of the
existing vertical and sub-vertical

shaft together with the sinking of a.

new 6 m-diameter vertical venti-
lation shaft.

This work is being carried out
by Gold Fields Cementation under
contract to ERPM’s proprietor,
Rand Mines.

Other aspects of the programme
include an extension of the gold
plant and the building of a new
hostel 2km from the shaft system
to accommodate the additional
7.000 workers that the operation of
the new shaft system will demand.

There is also the possibility that
a tertiary shaft system will be
sunk in the future though this does
not form part of current planning.

119

The Far East Vertical will give
access to additional ore reserves
in a high-grade area in the south-
east section of the mine. Grade
should be around 5 g/t, which is
quite a bit up on the grade of
3,64 g/t averaged by ERPM in the
last financial year.

The FEVS, as it is commonly
called, will enable milling capaci-
ty to be pushed from the current
2,8 million tons a year to 3,8 mil-
lion tons a year by 1990. The sys-
tem should be commissioned by
1989,

It is worth noting, incidental-
ly, that ERPM has already milled
something like 170 million tons in

‘the course of its life.
Gold production should rise as a
, Tesult of the increased throughput
from about 11 tons a year to more
than 18 tons a year. So the mine’s
‘foreign-exchange earnings should

soar from around R197 million in ©
the coming year to about
R15 billion in 1999. Put another
way, the FEVS gives ERPM the
potential to produce 850 tons of
gold over the next 50 years.

That will mean R15 billion in
foreign-exchange earnings at the
Present gold price, not to mention
other benefits both to ERPM’s
hometown of Boksburg and the
country of higher taxes, employ-
ment, salaries and expenditure on
power, stores and materials.

Interestingly, the whole FEVS
Project nearly came to grief be-



/13046
cso:

3400/1856

However, many Afri-
can leaders foresaw that
once the drought came to
an end, they would have
to develop ‘long-term
plans to strengthen the ru-
tal economy and improve
health care. This would
increase people’s ability
to withstand the effects of
future natural disaster.

Realising that without
proper training and tech-
nical . know-how - and
assistance the situation
would change little, some
African and American
leaders and development
specialists conceived the
idea of establishing Afri--
care with the aim ot pro-
moting training and tech-

“nical assistance to African

countries and also to edu-
cate. Americans, particu-
larly black Americans,
about the needs and po-
tential of Africa.

A private and non-pro-
fit_ making organisation,
and supported by black
Americans, Africare
works to improve the

ality of life in rural
frica through the devel-
opment of water re-
sources, increased food
production and ‘delivery
of health services.

The organisation’s pro-
grammes _ are sup-
ported by — many charit-
able organisaitons in the
United States.

21



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation wag summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and ate listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



GENERAL MOTORS SPELLS OUT COMMITMENT TO REMAIN

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 30 May 86 p 14

[Article by Andrew Thomson]

[Text]

/12379
cso:

GENERAL.” Motors
says it is at a'loss as to
what it can do or say to.
convince the Press and
the public that it in-
tends to. remain in
South Africa.

The managing director |
of General Motors SA,
Mr Bob White, said Press -
speculation about a pos-
sible withdrawal . of. the
company continued. un-+
abated despite all evi-
dence to the contrary,.
and sales were, being af-,
fected. Mr White and.
marketing director Mr
Hal Catpenter hosted a
news conference in Sand-
ton yesterday. .

Mr Carpenter said the
company intended to en-
ter into new five-year
agreements with its 200,
dealers at the end of the
year. Mr White disclosed
that the company had

3400/1863

spent R35 million on de-
veloping the medium-
priced Monza _ sedan,
which would be marketed
in November, and had
spent between R10 and
R15 million on updating
the Commodore and Re-
kord series.

He said that not only
was General Motors com-:
mitted to remaining .in
South Africa, it was also
committed to Port Eliza-
beth, where the company
had. its manufacturing
plant.

He cited. the involve-
ment of General Motors
in the corporate council
appointed by President
Reagan as further proof
of the company’s commit:
ment to South Africa. =

The president of Gen-
eral Motors, Mr Roger
Smith, was one of a num-
ber of corporate business-
men despatched to South
Africa by President Rea-

115

gan to appraise the local
situation. Mr White said
he réturned to the United
States far-inore optimistic
about the region’s future
than when he had arrived.

Mr White predicted
substantial new American
investment in South Afri-
ca at soitie stage in the fu-
turé when Political stabili-
ty returried:

He said’ General Mo-
tors SA was still seeking a
South African partner be-
caust the company would
value the fleet sales re-
sulting froni a partnership
‘with a large con;
tion. It would also value
the additional: access to
the country’s financial
markets that’ a South.
‘African partner would en-
able: ~

Recently, General Mo-
tors was forced to cease
sales to the South African
Police. and Military be-
cause of ‘a congressional

JPRS*SSA~86«066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ruling. Mr White said
sales would be resumed
the moment American
law allowed it. In the
meantime, the company
was considering the vi-
ability of producing ve-
hicles with no American
content for sale to the
police and military.
General Motors has
stopped salés of its prod-
ucts to the South African
Defence Force and Police
but sales to other-depart-
ments of the SA Govern-
ment are not affected, the
car manufacturer said in a
statement today.

“General Motors has
explained its situation to
the South African Gov-
ermment - departments
concerned, who under-
stand the position of US
companies. Sales to other
departments of thé South
African Government are
not affected.” .”



/13046
cso:

he brings his foodstuff from a village in
Kano State to Lagos, huge chunks of it

are rotten.
H chemists suggest a nation-wide
campaign on food storage through
extension officers, television, radio, pam-
phlets, and newspapers. The campaign
will be geared towards “educating farmers
on how best to preserve their products.””

At the Nigeria Stored Products
Research Institute, Newswatch learnt that
maize, sorghum and rice can be stored in
improved ventilation cribs. The cribs are,
improved modifications of the traditional.
ones. Many farmers in Ondo, Kwara,
Ogun, Oyo, Bendel, Kano, Rivers states
have begun to use them. The crib is a
square-shaped structure which can be
made from wood, bamboo or steel. An
official of the institute’s extention services
unit says “it should be placed across the
direction of the wind” to make it more ef-
fective and dry grains very efficiently. In-
secticide can also be sprayed on it.

For a large-scale preservation, Yemi
Ogun, a food scientist in Lagos, recom-
mends the use of stores and warehouses
“but with plastered walls to prevent in-

owever, food stientists and bio-

sects.’” Such facilities should, however, be:

located in areas that: are not prone. te
flooding: Oiguissays:the containers for thir

food products seal’ fo be constantly

fumigated:to prevent insects and: pests.
‘The Stored Prodictd Research Institute

has ‘experimented ‘with ‘silos for graifi:
storage. Silos are mass-storage structures -

3400/1860

64

made from aluminium or concrete which
are placed on an elevated concrete stands.
There are various sizes; some can store 10,
tons while some are constructed to store
about 500 tons of grains.

"Many experts, however, say the tradi-
tional silos are “‘not effective as a
storage’’ because of the moisture concen-
tration in them. For instance, cassava can
be stored in moderate quantities in
buckets or basins of sawdust, while on a
large scale, the trench system can be used.
A trench is dug‘and the cassava tubers are
arranged inside it with alternating layers
of palm leaves. The last layer, however,
must be covered with palm leaves and
moist soil.

In the case of yams, agricultural experts
believe that they need not get rotten or
Sprout if well stored. The conventional
yam barn is recommended by many
agriculturists. Gari, a product of cassava,
can also last for months if well dried and
kept in a moisture-free container.

Preservation of fruits like oranges,
grape, water mellon, carrots, guava and
mango is daunting. The Stored Product
Research Institute, however,. claims to
have solved the problem by treating the
fruits with fungicidal wax and chemicals
which prolong the ripening processes.

Nevertheless, much can be achieved in
food preservation if agro-industrial com-
panies go into the canning of most of the
farm products. In many countries, cann- °
ing of food products, especially vegetables | i
and fruits, has gone a long way in curtail- |
ing food wastage.



They are already in motion. A number of the local levels of COSATU have
already discussed the issue and are moving forward. Take struggles around the
living wage for instance, it's on-going. Look at the strikes that are taking
place. There is a ten-fold increase in militancy and strikes in South Africa
in the last few months... Employers have said it very openly that this is due to
formation of COSATU.

What effect do you see the bourgeoning worker democracy having on the nature of
the society that will emerge from the ashes of apartheid?

The important aspect of our principle of worker-democracy is the emergence of
control by workers over their lives, control. over processes of production,
control over the ability of employers to dismiss people, to employ people and
to determine wages. We see the extension of this to the townships as being
important to extend control by people over their lives. .

So we see in the township now the development of area committees, of street
committees--townships which to a large extent had been ungovernable.

Do you see the kind of society that will emerge in South Africa as being
qualitatively different from the ones that emerged in the rest of Africa,
taking Zimbabwe for instance, where you had liberation movements triumphing in
the end but, if you like, in the shape of bourgeois democratic control?

I won't put it in those terms. What we talk about is in terms of our own
experiences. We want to ensure that whatever change comes about doesn't just
change the governments. We want to change the structure of our society. To do
that means fundamental change, the restructuring of society and the economy to
bring it under the control of the people. That is why we have the area
committees, the shop stewards councils etc. For us workers, politics is not
just being given the vote.

\

What's your relationship with the ANC, PAC and the UDF?

We recognize that we are not the only social force in the struggle. In
recognising that, we see that workers need allies. The closest allies we have
are the unemployed, the rural poor, the farm workers, the militant Black youth.
But there are other allies as well, whether it is other interest groups or
whether it is the democratic whites who are fighting conscription into the
army.

We do not recognise that the ANC is regarded by the majority of people in South

Africa as the leading representative of the oppressed. It was on that basis we
met with the ANC in Lusaka last March.

75



TRADE WITH FRG REVIEWED; 28 PERCENT INCREASE

Accra PEOPLE'S DALLY GRAPHIC in English 18 May 86 p 5

[Text ]

THE volume of trade
between Ghana and the
Federal Republic of
Germany (FRG) in-
creased by approxima-
tely 28 per cent from 269

illion Deutsche Marks

about €13.7 billion) in
[1984 to 346 million
“Deutsche Marks (about
i €17.7 billion) in 1985,

* According to a FRG re-
port on German-Ghanaian
co-operation, Ghana's im-
ports from that country
amounted to 190.5 million
DM in 1985 as compared to
133 million DM in 1984.
Exports totalled 155.4
lion DM in 1985 against
133 million DM in 1984.

This ranks FRG among
Ghana’s most important
trading partners in addi-
tion to it being one of the
foremost bilateral econo-
mic co-operation partners.

Observers believe that
the upsurge in trade bet-
ween the two countries is a
result of the Economic
Recovery Programme
launched ‘two years ago by
the PNDC.

The report noted that
trade could be further in-
creased if the treaty for
encouragement and reci-
procal protection of in-
vestments of 1967, which

has already been ratified +

by FRG, was approved by
Ghana.

According to the report |

such an agreement could
attract German investors
whose direct investments
at present amount to
about 10 million DM.

In the field of economic

19274
cso: 3400/1718

co-operation, it said new
commitments of German
official aid (ODA) to Gha-
na in 1985 anounted to 38
.77 million DM, which is a
50 per cent increase over
that of 1984.

Out of this amount, 31.5
million DM is for financial
co-operation and 7.27 mil-
lion DM for technical co-
operation.

It added that eight mil-
lion DM was reprogramm-
ed for projects of technical
co-operation from earlier
commitments, bringing the
total of technical assistan-
ce to 15.27 million DM in
the same year.

‘The projects to benefit
from the allocations on fi-
nancial co-operation in-
clude sector related pro-
grammes. assembled brid-
ges programme, well drill-
ing programme (mainte-
nance and training) and
the study and export fund.

The report said projects
to benefit from the non-
payable grants for techni-
cal co-operation include
the Nyankpala Agricultu-
ral Research Station, Uni-
versity. of Science and
Technology Agricultural
Engineering Department,
Ghana-German Agricultu-
ral Team, Pong-Tamale
Veterinary Laboratory
and the Ghana Broadcast-
ing Corporation.

It said about 40 scho-
larships are offered an-
nually to Ghanaians for
training and studies in
FRG and Ghana and in
“third” countries.

Besides technical and
vocational scholarships
that are provided in the

11

* tended to give fast.

JPRS

24 june 1986

GHANA

context of projects of
German-Ghanaian techni-
cal co-operation, FRG an-
nually grants Ghana a
number of “project-free”
scholarships.

A total
“project-free”
for training of Ghanaians
were made available to
Ghanaians in 1985.

It said for the 1986 pro-
gramme, a total of 20
scholarships are envisaged
for Ghana.

The report said" for
small-scale projects in the
rural commu:
FRG Embas:
has the poss
rectly extend financial as-
sistance up to 15,000 DM
for any given project

This programme is in-

reaucratic support
small-scale projects.

It said until now, more
than 300,000 DM assistan-
ce has been given to com-
munities. educational and
local church institutions to
erect, rehabilitate build-
ings, to construct public
places of convenience and
to install pumps and gene-
rators for water procure-
ment.

Since Ghana-German
co-operation began in 1
approximately 1.1 billion
DM has been granted by
FRG within the frame-
work of technical and fi-
nancial co-operation to as-
sist Ghana in the fields of
agriculture, rural develop-
ment infrastructure and
vocational training. —-
GNA.

2ggA7867006


JPRS*SSA*86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

WHITE SHOPS FEEL BITE--A black consumer boycott at Steelpoort in the North-
Eastern Transvaal is threatening to close down some white shops. The village
has been the scene of petrol bombings and intimidation since February. "I
cannot even pay my telephone and electricity bills any longer. If this
boycott lasts much longer, I will have no choice but to close down," said
shopowner Mr Paul Malan. His shop is within walking distance of the border
between Sekhukhuneland, in Lebowa, and Steelpoort. He told THE STAR that
all white shops in the vicinity had been hit. "The blacks are allowed to
buy only from the local Indian shop. They are being threatened by 'comrades'
that they will have to swallow everything they buy from a white shop." Mr
Malan has become so exasperated that a few days ago he shot at two comrades
sitting near the entrance to his shop. "They were watching black consumers
and keeping them away. If they come near my shop again, I will not hesitate
to shoot again." [Text][Johannesburg THE STAR in English 26 May 86 p 3]/12828

PAY RISE FOR MINERS AGREED-~A 14 percent pay increase tor 24 UUU gold mine and
colliery workers has been agreed between the Chamber of Mines and the Council
of Mining Unions. In a joint statement yesterday, the Chamber and the Council
of Mining Unions. said that in addition to the 14 percent increase in standard
rate of pay, 50 percent of bonus and contract earnings would now become
pensionable. The new deal goes into effect next month. Mr Arrie Paulus,
general secretary of the Mineworkers Union and chairman of the Council of
Mining Unions said the agreement had been reached after hard bargaining with
the Chamber, which ended yesterday. Earlier this month union officials had
threatened to hold a strike ballot and said a strike would create chaos in the
mining industry. But last week the ballot was called off after a new wage
offer was made by the Chamber in an attempt to break the deadlock. At that
time there was a small margin between the union's demand of 15,1 percent across
the board and the chamber's offer of 14,6 percent with no fringe benefits. The
final agreement apparently hinged on the new fringe benefits which union
officials said made the total package 15,1 percent. There will now be an
increase in the period of paid mine accident leave, to which all union members:
are entitled, from 42 days a year to 56. The total that can be accumulated
will increase from 84 days to 112 days over a two-year period. The National
Union of Mineworkers has also tabled demands on wages and conditions of
employment for the Black workers it represents on the Chamber's gold mines.
“In the case of Iscor's Hlobane and Durban Navigation collieries the wage
increase will be 13,5 percent and 75 percent of bonus and contract earnings
will be pensionable," the statement added. [By Dick Epstein and Sapa] [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 29 May 86 p 1] /12379

124



JPRS“SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

He pointed to current U.S. plans to spend 1.5 billion dollars on boosting trans-
mission of American propaganda services, notably the radio station "Voice of
America."

He regretted that the Reagan administration "has. somewhat given respectability
on state terrorism" through its air raids against Libya. ‘It was the task of
African mass media "to inform our people correctly about such events, and to
identify correctly the aggressor," he said.

In the crisis in southern Africa, he continued, the line was now "very clearly
drawn" between those fighting for liberation, and those fighting to maintain

the status quo.

“The publicity for the status quo is supported by the United States interna~
tionally, and by South Africa regionally," he [said].

Dr Shamuyarira attacked the U.S. Government for its “open support for bandit-
ry" in southern Africa, citing the warm welcome given in Washington to Jonas
Savimbi, leader of the South African-sponsored Angolan counter-revolutionary
organization UNITA, on his visit to the United States in January.

"Now we are gold that the MNR bandit organization in Mozambique has been
allowed to open an office in the United States," he added.

The peoples of southern Africa need PANA, he said, for accurate coverage of
the liberation struggles in South Africa and Namibia, and of the Frontline
States' battle against South African destabilization.

PANA, said the minister, was fulfilling one of the main objectives of the New
International Information and Commmications Order (NIICO)--namely, the "de-
linking" of African mass media from news agencies based in the industrialized
world. "We are reducing our dependence and increasing our capacity to handle
our own news," he stressed.

PANA was now, three years after it started operations, "a going concern," said
Dr Shamuyarira, and one proof of this was the increasing number of African news-

Papers that were making use of PANA copy.

Many problems remained, notably in the field of telecommunications: The min-
ister pointed out that several OAU member-states were still unable to receive
the PANA radio transmissions.

He hoped that these difficulties would be overcome when the Panaftel network
was completed, and when communication by satellite became available.

Interview with PANA Director

MB250455 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1723 GMT 24 May 86

{Text ] Harare, 22 May (SAPA)--The Pan African News Agency (PANA) needs an
efficient satellite telecommunications network, permanent staff and money to



Women's Detachment

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 18

[Article by Ricardo de Mello]

{Text]

THEY call them the DFs, these buxom ladies
who have thrown in their lot with the Mozam-
bique Resistance Movement rebels in the

bush.

The DFs (after Desta-
camento Feminino, the
Portuguese for
Women’s Detachment)
do almost everything
short of fighting in sup-
port of their male col-
leagues in the fight
against the Frelimo
government in Maputo.

According to an MNR
commander, the women
do not participate
directly in fighting but
are given “military”
tasks in the defence of
the Casa Banana base
and in support of men
who are sent on mili-
tary missions.

When this happens,
they are charged with
treating wounded gue-
rillas and supplying
them with ammunition.

Most of the women
come from the southern
province of Inhambane.

/12379
CSO: 3400/1865

“They came at the
time we started attack-
ing the areas of Massin-
ga and Morrumbene,”
one of the MNR com-
manders explained.

“They were at school
in those areas and we
attacked the schools.
We captured them and
later they joined us.”

The women's detach-
ment is headed by a
woman who calls her-
self “Commander Vic-
toria” and a number
have the rank of chief
or commander. ‘

Some of these women:
commanders are,
charged with training:
new recruits. my

The DFs, many of
whom have men friends
living with them, are
obviously proud of their
involvement with the
MNR and of the “essen-
tial” work they perform
in support of the gueril-
as.

28

JPRS*SSA*86+066
24 June 1986



the police for permission at last to bury his son. The Bophutatswana
authorities and their white masters are unwilling to risk a political
demonstration at the funeral.

A few days ago, the Winterveldt people heard on the radio about the white
government's plan to abolish the hated pass laws. Will that reform result in
the end of the black ghettos, will Soweto, Alexandra and Winterveldt disappear
as they now exist? Or does the government plan new legislation and decrees on
the spatial separation of the races? "Nothing is changed for us in the
homelands anyway," the young comrade says, “and by now we do not believe
anything Botha says." : “

11698
CSO: 3420/32

99



council, would in (urn actin an

advisory capacity to the central
government,

The RP Jeader emphasized
that the district authorities
were not provincial councils or
governments,

“We find it unnecessary that
there should be provinces with
riany powers,” he added.

It was envisaged that the dis-
trict authorities would only
come together periodically.

The central government
would also establish local
authorities (municipalities)

and would determine theit
powers and responsibilities.

The'continued existence of
tribal authorities is also
provided for,

“Recognition and protec-
tion of Fundamental Human
Rights will be effected by me-
ans of a Declaration of Human
Rights, including power of en-

forcement by the High Court '

as well as the institution of the
office of an ombudsman with
wide powers of investigation
and accountability as well as
powers to act in some cases:”

SWANU-SWAPO D Proposals

JPRS“SSA*86~066
24 June 1986

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 14 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Article by Joe Putz]

{Text ]

TWO WIDELY divergent proposals yesterday saw the light of
day in the opening rounds of the constitutional battle to be
fought in the Tintenpalast over replacing AG 8.

The National Party submitted a ‘Son of Kosie’
proposal where the two-province division appears
in a thinly disguised rerun of NP leader Kosie
Pretorius’ suggestion last year to effectively
partition the country into northern and southern

parts,

“ Characterised by a multi-
layered attempt to guarantee
ethnic and group rights in what
boils down ‘to a four-tiered
government system, the NP
proposal makes only symbolic
concessions to the notion of a
unitary state.

In sharp contrast the joint
Swanu/Swapo D__ proposal
emphasises the centralisation
of state power to the effective
exclusion of ethnic and tribal
concerns,

But while it appears at first
glance to actively suppress
group concerns in a radical
attempt to free government
from the  strangle-hold of
ethnicity, a closer look reveals

enough shrewd concessions
and escape hatches to defuse
the contoversy over group
rights.

In what can be described as
a masterpiece of ‘realpolitik’
the Swanu/Swapo D proposal

excludes its six provincial

authorities from any real power
to challenge the proposed
national government, but at the
same time allows for the
localisation at the municipal or
local level of ‘sensitive issues’
like education and health.

But even those powers
delegated by the central
government to local or regional
authorities remain vested in the
central government.

35

ELAN
Lo
7

IN
ny

Ui

Swanu/Swapo-D proposal.

In effect the provinces or
municipalities will operate as
agents or sub-contractors of the
central government.

Both parties pay homage to
Article 9 of the Bill of
Fundamental Rights,

‘ guaranteeing the rights of

sections of the community to
freely practise and promote
their language, religion and
culture,



19274
cso:

production last week

consumption, was put into
production after two
months ~ of | maintenance:
service early in the yearbut
broke down in March and it
is presently under repairs
and therefore couldn't
operate. :
Production from Port
Harcourt refinery is very
small that it can bearly
satisfy the demand from
Eastern part of the country.
Investigation further.
showed that.the quantity of
gas available in the market
in the last two weeks had:

‘come from imported gas
.which- came in the first
"week of this month.

The only way. of reducing
the present high price .of
gas is to get the Kaduna
refinery produce to

capacity.

Another ‘elated solution
is that pf improving the
shortage af gas cylinders in
the industry. The two local
manufacturers can only
produce fifty per cent of
their installed capacities,
that is; about 750,000

had in the previous: -cyiinders yearly, whereas

two weeks been. out
of production.

The Kaduna refinery which
is td have been supplying
the bulk-of gas for domestic

3400/1888

‘the total demand of the
industry. outstrips their-

installed capacities put at
1.5million. .
Marketers _ expressed

60

concern over the current
high price of gas noting that
the objective of the Federal
Government to encourage a
greater usage of the LPG
for domestic and industriat
purposes would be defeat-
ed if steps are not taken to
bring it down.

They contended that the
retail. price is too high
because of the: increase in
distribution cast, due to the
removal of subsidy on
petroleum products
particularly dieset oil which
transporters of gas use.

The 30 per cent import
levy has drastically increas-
ed the cost of cylinders,
fittings, tankers and:
cookers thereby making the
initial capital outlay beyond,
the reach af an average
Nigerian.

Though the: statistics of
gas consumed in 1986 is still’
being. compiled, it is
expected to be about
70,000 metric tonnes. This’
figure would be an
improvement on those of
1984 and 1986 put at 61,000
metric tonnes. and 67,
metric tonnes-respectively.



Particularly important are the bases in the Caprivi Strip, a small tongue of
land cutting in between Botswana and Zambia.

Nujoma said that he was most satisfied with the reception he has received in
the Nordic capitals. On the subject of the U.S. condemnation of South Africa
he said that the best test of the seriousness of the criticism would be if
the United States refrains from using its veto against sanctions in the UN
Security Council.

19274
CSO: 3400/1882

31



JPRS*SSA-86-066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

LACK OF STORAGE FORCES FARMERS TO DESTROY PRODUCE

Ikeja NEWSWATCH in English 19 May 86 p 22

[Article by Rolake Omonubi]

[Text]

oseline Aigbokin, a trader af
Oshodi market, bought N25 worth
of tomatoes Monday last week to
retail. She tried fruitlessly to preserve
them by sprinkling water on them every
minute. But sales were so poor that she
was forced to take the left-over home in
the evening. By noon, Tuesday, the
tomatoes were rotten, The only choice left
to her was to dump them in the garbage
can. :
At ‘Ikeja, ‘Ajegunle, Mushin, Iddo,
Yaba markets, litter bins are always filled

sup to the brim with wastages in the even-

ings. Traders complain of their wares get-
ting rotten. Many mango sellers last week
told tales of woe. Their mangoes easily get
over-ripe and rotten. Same goes for meat.
and fish ‘sellers. They sell Jeft-overs at
give-away prices at the approach of dusk.
The problem is glaring: Lack of good
preservation facilities. Nigeria seems to be
used to the alternating: seasons of. want
and waste. Last December, a family of
five could spend ¥1 on yam for breakfast,
a housewife could. buy ingredients for
soup for NI. There was surplus and there
was waste, Now, the prices of foodstuffs
have doubled. General Alani Akinrinade
(retired), Minister of Agriculture, is now
worried ‘about the yearly wastes of food
surplus, and along with many food ex-
pert, he has concluded that Nigeria’s
hopes lie in adequate storage facilities.
Storage facilities have always. been the
bane of Nigerian agriculture. According
to the Federal Office of Statistics, FOS, a
billion naira worth of food items is lost
yearly because of poor preservation. In-
deed, about 65 percent of yam produced
yearly, 20 percent of grain and tuber
crops, 20. percent of fish. caught in our

water and SO percent of the fruits and
vegetables produced yearly are wasted.
Yet, the food import bill in 1983/84 was.
estimated at N2.5 billion.

The situation developed ‘from past
governments’ lack of cénsideration for
the preservation aspect of agriculture. In
1978-79 fiscal year for instance, Olusegun
Obasanjo’s government generously gave
agriculture 20 percent of the N12 billion
budget, but no provision was made for
storage. In 1980, Shehu Shagari’s green
revolution programme paid little attention
to the problem of food preservation.
Similarly, the 1981, 1982 and 1983

” budgets made no provisions for storage,

63

in spite of their big votes for agriculture.
Even Muhammed Buhari’s ‘‘Blue Print
for Economic Revival’ allocated N20
million for agriculture but did not talk
about preservation. . .

But in what appeared to be a clean
break with the past, President Ibrahim
Babangida, in his 1986 budget broadcast,
announced the creation of a Directorate
of Food, Roads and Rural Infrastruc-
tures, and said that a farm storage pro-
gramme would be launched for the pur-
pose of establishing a network of
demonstration storage schemes for mass
adaptation by farmers. Babangida also
promised that the government would buy
off all excess grains from farmers all over.
the country to avoid wastes. How effec-
tive these grandiose programmes would
be,remains to be-seen.

But the issue at stake seems to be deeper
than this. The rural areas where the food
products originate lack electricity, hence
there are no cold storage facilities. They
also lack good roads which makes
-transportation difficult. Sulu Abileko, a
farmer, told Newswatch that by the time



JPRS“SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ASIANS BUY ELITE HOMES IN WHITE JOHANNESBURG AREAS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 30 May 86 p ll

[Article by Andrew Thomson and Bert van Hees]

[Text]

ALTHOUGH the
Government has an-
nounced that — the
Group Areas Act is
still in force, inquiries
by The Citizen have re-
vealed that Asians are
buying -properties in
certain White Johan-
nesburg areas, using
nominees or White-
controlled front com-

Nominees: -

The Citizen has estab-
lished that Asian’s using
either nominees or White
controlled front, coimpan-
ies are buying -houses in
the White - suburbs’ of
Homestead Park and
Mayfair in Johannesburg.

Rumours that Asians
were also buying proper:
ties in Bedfordview,-¢asti
of Johannesburg. could:

The code of conduct
laid down by the Estate
Agents Board compels
them to act within the
law, although some estate
agents say they know of
colleagues who disregard
the conditions of the
Group Areas Act for fi-
nancial reasons. In the
Mayfair area, for ex-
ample, virtually the only
sinterested buyers are

panies. not be confirmed by eith- Asians.

It has also been report- er the South African In-- Agents. .
ed that estate agencies in sfitute of Estate Agents, f ome George | Symons,
Cape Town were openly town clerk, Mr Antoti ‘whose company hes oper.

advertising for Coloured

Kruger, or a major estate

ated in the Mayfair area

and Indian buyers for lux- agent in the area.

ury homes in elite White ‘Mr Kruger said in his for nearly a century, said

residential areas. experience there. -had agents never.” con-
cluded transactions with

In terms of the Group
Areas Act, buyers of
properties in areas set
aside for other race
groups must obtain per-
mits from the authorities
to purchase and occupy
the premises.

Asked whether an’ ac-
tive campaign was being
conducted against people
contravening the Act, a

been only one case of.
‘Asians illegally occupying
a Bedfordview property.

Estate agents coritend
that they have no way of
knowing whether the buy-

er of a property is acting
on private initiative or
whether he has been paid
to act as a nominee.

" ‘The chairman of. the’

nominees or front com-
panies if they were aware
of the fact.

Mr Symons pointed to
the danger in using nomi-
nees, citing cases where
nominees had withheld
the title deeds to proper-
ties after those nominat-
ing trem had. paid for
them. He said this was

police spokesman in Pre-, Southem Transvaal just one of the “immoral
toria told The Citizen that branch of the SA Institute side-issues” emanating
action was taken when of Estate Agents, Mr Viv fom: the. - Group. Areas
such contraventions came! Morris, said that the insti-

to the notice of the police tute’s members did not of } ee said that it wag the. e

in the normal execution

of their duties." 0-0."

Complairits by the pub-
lic were investigated and
dockets then forwarded
to the Attorney-General.

their own volition dis-
criminate between buyers
on the grounds of race,
and it was the institute’s
long-held view that the
Group Areas Act should
be reviewed.

100

view of many’ estate
agents that the Group
Areas Act itself was an
immoral piece of legis-
lation, which defied natu-
ral justice and ignored hu-
man factors.



NEW ANTHRACITE MINE OPENED IN KWAZULU

Johannesburg THE STAR (Business) in English 26 May 86 p 14

[Article by Stan Kennedy]

[Text]

Zululand Anthracite Col-

| liery, completed at a'cost

of R86 million by Trans-

Natal Coal Corporation, ‘+

was ‘officially opened on
Friday by the Minister of
Mineral and Energy Af-
fairs, Mr Danie Steyn. :
Anthracite makes up
only two percent of South
‘Africa’s reserves but it is
in great“demand over-
seas. Last year, the coun-
try ‘exported 3,8 million

_ tons or 8,5 percent of its

total coal exports.

Total value of all an-
thracite sales was more
than R315 million or ‘six
percent of the valué'of i!
coal sales. The n
started production ‘in
June last year and has an
expected life of 22
years Situated in the
heart of KwaZulu, 48km
from Ulundi, it’ will pro-
duce’ 875 000 tons a year,

3400/1850

of which 700000 will be
--exportéd to the United
Kingdom, Europe and the

~ "Far East.

Anthracite is currently

_. being produced. from two

‘shafts “and provision has

“ been’ made for more

shafts in the next 10
years, |

Water is supplied from
the nearby Black Mfolozi
river. Because it is fre-
quently affected by
,drought during winter,
water is pumped in the
rainy season to a
32000 cum dam, ensur-
ing that the mine has
nine ‘months’ supply in
the event of a dry winter.

To provide facilities to
the mine, 15'km of roads

*. were constructed and
45 km _of-power lines and
50km of telephone’ lines
were erected. A rail sid-
-ing was also:built.

122

JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



19274
cso:

3400/1720

both have been virtually ‘Namibianised’, and it is no longer the case of
an ‘occupation’ force.

‘There are few Namibians who actually believe these claims. In view
of the largescale unemployment in Namibia, it is no surprise that recruits
for the police and army are to be found. Neither is the situation being
simplified. Quite the contrary in fact, and the interim government must
be well aware of the deep divisions and rifts it is creating among the people
of this country, in claiming ‘our national army’ and ‘our police force’,
while the country is still in the hands of South Africa, and has not yet

_ attained its independence.

What possible reason could they have for an ‘own army’ and ‘own
police’ unless it is to‘prop up the flimsy and unrepresentative structure
known as an interim government?

PROPAGANDA OF THEIR PREDECESSORS

IN FACT THE interim government is guilty of the same ‘propaganda’
as their’ predecessors and mentors, the South African Government, in
their attempts to sidestep self-determination for the Namibian people.

And there is much activity behind the scenes of the Tintenpalast. Not
to bring about a speedy implementation of Resolution 435, or an accep-
table settlement for the people of Namibia, or “national reconciliation’
for that matter, but to entrench their own rule of Namibia. °

Already the DTA has drawn up their plan for ‘constituencies’ in
Nainibia, and the creation of 16 separate areas. This Etango and Marinus
Wiechers-inspired plan should be looked at carefully, and it is not dif-
ficult to establish that the DTA have worked out how to win ari election
(without Swapo participation of course).

And they are using ‘population groups’, in particular the one which
supports the DTA the niost, to achieve their aims.

So the scenario for thé future is fairly simple: a ‘constitution’ will be
draws up (not by the socalled Constitutional Council, which is apparently
for appearances only, but instead the Select Committee on National Unity
headed by Mr Moses Katjiuongua) and put to the vote pertiaps. ‘Yes’
or ‘no’ will be the ‘magnartimous’ choice given to Namibians. There is
little doubt that a ‘yes’ vote can be achieved, especially by a mass stayaway
by political opposition, and then of course, elections for the socalled Na-
tional Assembly and Senate. And after that ... well, perhaps a UDI ...

TAKING MATTERS OUT OF THE HANDS OF SOUTH AFRICA

AND ALL THE South African Government has to do is sit back, fold
their arms, and wait, claiming that the ‘representatives’ of the people.
are deciding their own fate. :

In so doing, they are able to extricate themselves somewhat from the
firing line of international condemnation. At the same time, they are still
able to dietate the recipe for Namibia's future: a little change here, to
give the ‘new deal’ some credibility; the release of a few political prisoners
there; and voila, the interim government will become a permanent one
while the prospects for a lasting settlement in Namibia will become much
harder to achieve.

41



JPRS“SSA~86*066
24 June 1986

Professor Jaap Steyn of the University of the Orange Free State, claims that
English is being advanced at the expense of indigenous languages such as
Afrikaans, ‘Zulu and South Sotho. The academics' fears for the language seem
to be supported by recent market research which found that during "Miami
Vice", many Afrikaners preferred tuning into the radio for the original
English soundtrack. Of the 200 people questioned in the survey--half of
them Afrikaans-speaking--two thirds had listened to the radio. Afrikaans
newspapers have quoted academics, language experts and cultural leaders

as saying that about 90 percent of the simulcast broadcasting would be in
English. [Text][Johannesburg THE STAR in English 26 May 86 p 3]/12828

WARNING BY BADENHORST--CAPE TOWN.--A warning this week that the Group Areas Act
is still in force, and the Government remains committed to separate residential
areas, was made by Mr Piet Badenhorst, Deputy-Minister of Constitutional
Development and Planning. A spokesman for the Minister, Mr Chris Heunis,
pointed out yesterday that The Citizen had reported the statement on Thursday
and incorrectly attributed it to Mr Heunis as Minister, instead of to Deputy-
Minister Mr Badenhorst. [By Brian Stuart] [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 30 May 86 p 11] /12379

cso: 3400/1871

83



Mr. Hart also condemned North American aggression in Libya and said that
new "Bays of Pigs" against fascism and racism will have to take place
wherever they arise, particularly in South Africa.

The Cuban minister of culture also mentioned the Angolan people's struggle
and emphasized that their example is a "Bay of Pigs" in Africa.

"We wish to dedicate this agreement to the African peoples and others who
are struggling for freedom and independence," said Mr. Hart.

The Cuban delegation, which has been in Angola since Thursday, left Luanda
yesterday evening to return to Havana.

8844/9190
CSO: 3442/216



Parties Announce Details of Constitutional Proposals
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, various dates) ...secececececees

Republican Party, DTA Chairman, by Jean Sutherland
SWANU-SWAPO D Proposals, by Joe Putz

Land Reform Program

NP Approach, by Jean Sutherland

Rehoboth Free Democrats

Northern Residents Complain of Policy, Army Activities
(Chris Shipanga; THE NAMIBIAN, 16 May 86) .......

Government Officials Berated for Ignoring ‘Grassroots Level'
(Gwen Lister; THE NAMIBIAN, 16 May 86) ..

Finance Minister Introduces Government's Budget
(SAPA, 27 May 86) ..

Health Minister Calls Polarization 'Main Threat’
(SAPA, 26 May 86) ..

Briefs
Soldiers Poisoning Incident
SWAPO Official Detained

NIGERIA

Kano State Governor Announces Opposition to Privatization
(Lawson Omokhodion; NEWSWATCH, 12 May 86) ...ccccseceecece

National Labor Conference Opposes Parastatal Privatization
(NEW NIGERIAN, 20 May 86) ....ccceecececececscececccecece

Committee Established ‘To Implement Parastatal Privatization
(NEW NIGERIAN, 23 May 86) ...

New 5 Percent Sales Tax on Manufactured Goods Announced :
(Momodu Yakubu; DAILY TIMES, 18 May 86) ...ccceeccceceecce

External Reserve Level Remains Stable
(Roseline Umesi; BUSINESS TIMES, 19 May 86) ..scceceeseeee

Fiscal Resource Gap, Economic Recovery Plan Outlined
_ (SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 25 May 86) ..

Orders From Bulgarian Trade Fair, Commercial Mission Advocated
(Josef Bel-Molokwu; DAILY STAR, 19 May 86) .......05

Trade Minister on Tying Countertrade to Projects
(DAILY STAR, 22 May 86) ....cceeceeees

-e-

42

4h

45

45

46

49

50

51

52

53

54

55


Rehoboth Free Democrats

TPRS~S8A~86~06¢
4 June 1 986

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 15 May 86 p 3

[Text ]

19274
cso:

A DIVISION of the country into 10 regions including an
enlarged ‘Rehoboth Gebiet’ has been proposed by the Re-
hoboth Free Democrats of Kaptein Hans Diergaardt as
their alternative to Proclamation AG 8.

The Select Committee on
National Unity meets today to
discuss the proposals and
those submitted by: the other
five government parties.

Asked to draft a geographi-
cal instead of’ an ethnic ad-
ministrative system, the parties
have come up with proposals
ranging from the two-province
(but complicated) National
Party suggestion emphasising
the rights of ‘communities’ to
a 17 district division put for-
ward by the DTA which walks
a tightrope between strong
central power and ethnic con-
cessions.

A joint’ Swanu-Swapo D
proposal provides for a six-
province system with a strong
central government and few

3400/1720

concessions to ethnicity.

The Rehoboth Free
Democrat blueprint makes it
clear that their basis for any
negotiations is the Rehoboth
Self Government Act of 1976.

Itsaid the party had received
a mandate stating that the aim
of negotiations was to main-
tain the Rehoboth Gebiet or
gain a better land division.

However, they were prepared
to move away from a rigid eth-
nic division which in the past
prejudiced other population
groups.

Their proposal was an at-
tempt to accommodate the Act
in a new national framework.

They propose a three-tier
system with the central govern-
ment controlling all major

38

functions including education,
agriculture and health.

The details of the provincial
powers are not spelt out but the
Proposal says they should be
community orientated
(gemeenskapsgebonde).

The Rehoboth Self Govern-
ment Act allocates 52 func-
tions to the Rehoboth govern-
ment, but “the Rehoboth Free
Democrats are willing to
negotiate over these functions
in order to achieve a practical
division of powers between the
Central Government and the
regional/provincial adminis-
tration,’ the document says.

The provincial governments
would comprise a Kaptein, a
Kapteinsraad and a Volksraad.

The ten provinces proposed
mean that Rehoboth would
not lose its identity by being in-
corporated in a new area but
would simply be enlarged.



JPRS*SSA~86-066
24 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

INFORMATION MINISTER OPENS PANA CONFERENCE
Urges Increased Activities
MB291419 Harare Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 29 May 86

[Text] The minister of information, posts, and telecommunications, Comrade
Nathan Shamuyarira, today officially opened in Harare the fifth ordinary ses~
sion of the “intergovernmental council of the PAN AFRICAN NEWS AGENCY, PANA.
Comradé Shamuyarira, who is the chairman of the council, disclosed that MNR
bandits in.Mozambique have been allowed to open an office in Washington.

He added that the United States is giving encouragement to racist South
Africa by openly supporting the bandits.

Comrade Shamuyarira said a large sum of money has been voted for the UNITA
bandits in Angola, In South Africa, he said, the information aggression
against the Frontline States has been stepped up. The minister said the
American Government is spending $1.5 thousnd million this year on transmitter
development aimed at increasing its worldwide propaganda.

The minister called on PANA to increase its activities in southern Africa
where the struggle for independence is being intensified in South Africa and
Namibia.

Further Report of Speech
AB300824 Dakar PANA in English 1320 GMT 29 May 86

[Text] Harare, 29 May (PANA)--Zimbabwe's minister of information, posts and
telecommunications, Dr Nathan Shamuyarira, today urged OAU member-states to
“strengthen our capacity to confront an onslaught from the superpowers" in
the field of information.

Dr Shamuyarira was speaking in Harare at the opening of the fifth ordinary
session of the intergovernmental council of the PAN-AFRICAN NEWS AGENCY (PANA).
The Zimbabwean minister is also the current chairman of the council.

Dr Shamuyarira warned that "propaganda by both East and West will be stepped up

in Africa, but propaganda of the United States variety has already increased
remarkably in the region."

69



JPRS“8SA-86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

REPORTER GIVES ACCOUNT OF AWB/NP CONFRONTATION IN PIETERSBURG

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 25 May 86 p 5

[Article by Brian Pottinger]

[Text]

THE image could not have been more. stark. Leo $

= i D I . enekal,
Nationalist, his shirt front splashed with blood, confronts
Eugene Terre Blanche during the tumult that was Pietersburg

this week.

“This is Afrikaner blood,” he shouts holding out his shirt, “and it is on your

head.” That, simply, was Piet : Afri i i
head” T! history. ly. ast letersburg: Afrikaner blood and a painful rupture in

Resistance — often violent — against the government of th il
tice eistance often violent government of the day is not new to Afrikaner na-
tionalisn Ose oP erendwag a during the Rebellion, in 1922 during the Miner’s Strike, again

Neither are rowdy politi-
cal meetings novel. Izak But-
ler, organiser of the Afrikan-
erweerstandbeweging rally
in Pietersburg, pe inted out in
a letter to the local newspa-
per this week that not even
during the days of the Brand-
wag did the United Party re-
serve right of entry to politi-
cal meetings. .

“That was a party with
marrow in its bones,” he ob-
served wistfully.

So what makes the Pieters-
burg barney this week spe-
qi

drama in white politics

which have for so long be- +

come stylised, dull, cerebral;

partly t

meeting itself and, largely,

the implications of its violent ;

outcome. i
Pietersburg was dramatic,

no doubt. H
Some flashes: |

|

BEA thin Line of young}
National Party supporters!
drawn from Goudstad Teach-
ers Training College and
RAU waver back and forth

‘ial? t
Partly the burst of sudden

e symbolism of the :

against a dense mass of,
khaki-clad AWB storm-
troopers trying to force en-
trance to Pietersburg’s Jack
Botes Hall.

Answers
Answers

It is no match; the Nation-
alists — young, slight and too
gentlemanly — crumble be-
fore the farm boys from
throughout the Transvaal
latteland. The AWB storms.
the doors through the scrum.

Bl A policeman — one of
a tiny contingent of nervous
teenagers in blue — begs a
burly AWB supporter not to
force the police to arrest him.
Earlier the brawler had been
bundled into a police vehicle
but was sprung after AWB.
members surrounded the van
and demanded his release.

WH Terre Blanche in com-
mand, hoisted on the shoul-
ders of followers and trans-
fixed by TV spotlights,
demands entry and insists
the senior police officer in
charge comes to see him.

78

In the melee he is ignored.
‘The AWB breaches the door
and Terre Blanche is dropped
by his supporters as they also
bolt for the gap.

EI Two policemen guard-
ing the door — without ba-
tons or teargas — hesitate:
before the AWB surge. They
decide to spray purple mark-
ing dye on the first ranks. An
outraged Alkmaar Swart, in-
tellectual guru of the ultra-
right, is daubed like a Druid.

i The AWB mass, ban-
ners flying, surge into the

hall through broken doors;
confusion before the stage, a
rally of the ultra-right and in
another wave of banners they
bound across the Press tables
and onto the stage.
Dislocated fighting breaks
out between the AWB van-
guard and a loyal Nationalist
rearguard. Somebody opens
a fire extinguisher.
_ ithe fighting abates
and Terre Blanche emerges
again on the shoulders of his
supporters, surrounded by



a TS

283121

JPRS-SSA-86-066
24 JUNE 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

DTIC QUALITY EWGPRUTED 3

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY

NATIONAL TECHNICAL |
[INFORMATION SERVICE |
US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
SPRINGFIELD, VA." 22161

a ane i



Nobody had been tipped off prior to any of the
attacks, although — and specifically in the case of
the Botswana raid — pamphlets were distributed

while the raids were in progress.

Two pamphlets — one addressed to the people
of Botswana, assuring thém that the raid was
aimed not at them but at “ANC gangsters”, and
one to the Botswana Defence Force, urging it to
keep out of the fight, were scattered around
the settlement while the raid was on. :

In the Harare raid, a message assured the
“people of Zimbabwe” that South Africa regarded
them as friends and neighbours but that their gov-
ernment had allowed ANC gangsters, who occu-
pied their country, to terrorise innocent people in

_ South Africa.

Trade Mission in Zimbabwe Continues

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 10

{Article by Robin Drew]

{Text]

HARARE — Only four blocks
away from the wrecked offices
of the ANC in Harare’s Angwa
Street, blasted by a South Afri-
can raiding party early on
Monday, the South African flag
still flies over the building
housing Pretoria’s trade mis-
sion to Zimbabwe. .

It is a graphic illustration of
the embrace in which the two
countries are locked through
transport and trade links built
up over the years.

Security at the building has
been tightened. But inside it is
business as usual For the Trade
Representative, Mr Johan Vil-
joen and his staff.

Diplomatic relations were
severed by Mr Mugabe socn
after Zimbabwe became inde-
pendent in 1980. But both coun-
tries agreed to allow trade |
missions to continue to operate {
in each other's territory. i

Pretoria’s mission here also |
processes visa applications and |
passport tatters.

“Mr Viljoen confirmed thére
had been a normal flow of traf-
fic this week and on Friday
morning the office dealing with
visa applications for people‘
going to South Africa on busi- |
ness or on holiday was
crammed with people.

104

‘The trade mission has had no"

direct communication from the
Zimbabwe Government over
the violation of its territory by
South African soldiers.

After an interruption on
Monday, the day of the raid,
South African Airways flights
resumed and rumours of a clo-
sure of airspace to South Afri-
can planes, and even the bor-
der itself, proved to be false.
Mr Mugabe told newsmen on
the day of the raid that Zim-
babwe would continue to try to
divert its traffic away from
South African ports and to re-
duce trade with South Africa.

But he gave no hint of any
retaliatory action itself.

When relations between
Harare’ and Pretoria wera
strained last December after
accusations by South Africa
that ANC guerillas who planted
landmines in the northern
Transvaal had crossed from
Zimbabwe, liaision mechanism
between the two security
forces was strengthened in an
effort to reduce the risk of con-
frontation. .

“Zimbabwe denied that it al-
lowed its territory to be used
as a springboard and accused
South Africa of planning to in-
vade it.

JPRS*SSA86~066
24 June 1986



Briefs

Gold Treatment Plant : 14
"Nobistor' Ship Case 14
Libya Islamic Society Contribution 14
Ports Rehabilitation Loan 15
Civil Aviation Authority 15
Mobilization Program Progress 15
National Health Insurance Proposal 16
Decentralization Program 16
Food Irradiation Project 17
Border Cooperation With Togo 17
Air Link With Burkina 17
Koran in Local Languages 17

MALAWI

Friendship, Cooperation Agreements Signed With Zimbabwe
(MALAWI NEWS, 10-16 May 86) ..cccccccccvcccccccccsccscceces 19

Africare Opens Blantyre Office, Identifies Areas Requiring Aid
(Vales Machila; DAILY TIMES, 12 May 86) ....scecesccccecvee 20

Nation's Road System; Conditions, Future Projects Examined

(Raphael Kamlomo; THIS IS MALAWI, 5 May 86) .. -. 22

MOZAMBIQUE

MNR Rebels Woo U.S. Newsmen
(Alan Dunn; THE SUNDAY STAR, 25 May 86) ..cssccccsccceceees 25

MNR Rebels Show Off Their Capital Deep in Bush

(Ricardo de Mello; THE SUNDAY STAR, 25 May 86) ........6-2. 26

Reporter Describes Clandestine Visit 26
Women's Detachment - 28

NAMIBIA

Cabinet Denies Policy Banning Visits From RSA Politicians

(SAPA, 26 May 86) .. sees seeeee cases 29
SWAPO's Nujoma Condemns South African Air Raids

(Per Kristian Haugen; AFTENPOSTEN, 21 May 86) ... sees 30
Commentary Criticizes West's Policy of 'Appeasement' Toward RSA

(Addis Ababa Voice of Namibia, 20 May 86) ........ seseceeee 32
NP Seeks Group Rights Based on Free Association

(SAPA, 24 May 86) .eccceccccccccccevcvccevcccenessene eevere 33



However a high-level securi-
ty meeting led to an easing of
tension. .

Zimbabwe's national news
agency, Ziana, sald that “for
the moment” discussions at
military level with the South
Africans have been ruled out.

It said the fragile military
truce had been “ruptured but
not shattered”, though there

was deepening suspicion about
Pretoria’s real intentions.

Informed circles here be-
lieve that once the dust has set-
tled on South Africa’s first offi-
cially-admitted incursion into
Zimbabwe, fresh attempts will
be made to re-establish liai-
sion between the security
organs of both countries.

Timed to Warn ANC

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 10

{Article by David Breier]

[Text]

THE South African raids into Zamz,
bia, Zimbabwe and Botswana this
week were timed to warn the Afri-
can National Congress against its
plan to build up violence in South
Africa over the next few weeks cul-
minating on June 16.

This explanation was given this
week by Mr Craig Williamson who
has intimate knowledge of the se-
curity situation. Formerly Major
Williamson, the security police
“super spy” who infiltrated the
ANC, he left the police this year to
become a political risk consultant.

Mr Williamson said this was the
explanation for the raids in view of
the four targets selected by the se-
curity forces — two in Harare, one
near Lusaka and one near Ga-
borone. .

The simultaneous raids took
place less than a month before.
June 16 which will be the 10th anni-
versary of the Soweto uprising and
which ‘the ANC plans to mark as
part of its year of the armed strug-
1

ie.

Mr Williamson said security
forces were aware that Harare was
being used by the ANC as the base
for planning its June 16 campaign.
He said planning was done at the
offices in Angwa Street and the
house in Eve's Crescent was used
as a residence for this purpose.

105

‘He said the Botswana target out-
side Gaborone was also known as
an integral part of the June 16 op-
eration.

Mr Williamson said the South
African strategy had been to tip off
the Zimbabweans before the raid
so that the ANC could evacuate the
lhouse on Eve's Crescent in time.
“This was because the South Afri-
«cans did not want casualties.

They wanted a “bloodless opera-
tion” which would merely serve as
a warning that they could hit back
effectively if there were any atro-
cities in South Africa.

+ Mr Williamson said this strategy
was underscored by the air raid on

. the Makeni Plots outside Lusaka. ~

‘ He said this site was used as
the ANC intelligence co-ordination
centre. It was, however, sparsely.

“populated and the South Africans

knew there would not be many ca-
sualties, he said.

But the attack was a clear warn-
ing that the South Africans could
easily attack any of the ANC’s

more crowded farms which were in’

similar striking distance for SA Air
Force jets. .
If, for example, a car bomb goes
off at a shopping centre in South
Africa, the South African security

- forces have shown they will be able

to inflict heavy casualties on the
ANC if they want to.

JPRS+SSA~86~066
24 June 1986



JPRSSSA~86«066
24 June 1986

MOZAMBIQUE

MNR REBELS SHOW OFF THEIR CAPITAL DEEP IN BUSH

-Reparter Déscribes Clandestine visit
Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 18
[Article by Ricardo de Mello]

{Text] In August last year, the Mozambique Resistance Movement's headquarters
at Casa Banana at Gorongosa, in central Mozambique, was overrun by Zimbabwean
and Frelimo soldiers. Soon afterwards, Mozambique's President Samora Machel
announced the action had broken the back of the Renamo “snake”, but that its
tail might still lash out for a while. By February, the “snake” had
re-occupied Casa Banana and, instead of fading away, had increased its
activities throughout Mozambique. Many observers believe the initiative in the
Mozambican war now lies with Renamo and that Frelimo soldiers have been forced
into an.almost exclusively defensive position. It was against this background
that Renamo President Afonso Dhlakama invited Ricardo de Mello, a special
correspondent for the Argus Africa News Service, to make a clandestine visit to
Casa Banana and report on what he saw. The following is his exclusive report:

IT’S six o’clock in the morning, deep in ants. “We a8 with fear,” he says
. . . yt aul .
the Mozambican bush. A whistle is blown and eve them offer to tell me stories about the war,

and a new day starts in Casa Banana, like the one about a witchdoctor who offered to

the Mozambique Resistance Movement’s ‘i — but whose
Koanital” i throw his bones to guarantee success mu
“capital” in Gorongosa. spell failed. Again Srerybody laughs loudly.

Small groups of guerillas leave their huts in It is a joke that you can understand only if you
a hurry and line up in the centre of the base. are here in Gorongonsa. .

The commanders do a quick roll-call and the In most cases these are men who have grown up
guerillas start running as part of their daily physi- knowing notning but war. . .
cal exercise. But, when they are not fighting, they do enjoy

The sun is already shining and the MNR gue- themselves. They dance traditional dances like the
rillas run towards the outskirts of the base where marrabenta or get together to sing MNR fighting
for 90 minutes they go through military and physi- songs around a fire at night. 7
cal training. After the training it is bath time. They have their alcoholic drink, sura, a spirit

The guerillas receive orders to disperse and go made of manioc. acs
quickly to small rivers nearby to wash themselves. ‘And they do go to school — political classes ar-

i is one of the rare moments in which they are ranged by the MNR in between their other tasks.
allowed time for uemselves. Usually they are only: i even organise a game of soccer.
allowed to relax during lunch and dinner and be- Sometim. na the gucrillas aged tetween 17 and 30,
fore going to sleep... came from the cities but they rarely speak about

AsI watch them bibatted seems 2 be in good their places of origin.
spirits and some tell me jokes about the war. Mostly they like to talk about the war, about

One of Presidént Afonso Dhlakama’s men recalls Incidents aad adventures — specially those in

that a Frelimo soldier they captured had wet his

26



TR

JPRS*SSA*86+066
24 June 1986

Free di SOUTH AFRICA

DANISH PARLIAMENT BREAKS TRADE LINKS
AU301250 Paris AFP in English 1238 GMT 30 May 86

[Text] Copenhagen, May 30 (AFP)— The Danish parliament on -

Friday voted to break off all trade relations with South Africa,

although Prime Minister Poul Schluter described the move as . het gp .
“scoring an own goal.” . ee

The four parties making up Mr. Schluter’s minority government
abstained on the vote, which was supported by the left-wing , .
opposition and the radical party. ao we : ‘

The move, which comes into force June 15, results from a decision
made in December by Denmark to break off all relations with
South Africa in protest over its apartheid policies. Friday's
motion calls for an end to all Danish trade with both South Africa
and the South African-administered territory of Namibia, and
forbids Danish ships to carry third country goods either to or from
South Africa. Although it comes into force on June 15, compan-
ies with current contracts will have a six-month delay in which
to terminate them.

Mr. Schluter expressed concern that the new law would be
“impossible to monitor.”

“We are scoring an own goal,” he said. “It is South Africa ‘that
has to be isolated, not Denmark.”

Denmark's employers’ union estimates that the move will cost a
total of 2,000 jobs here. In:1985, the country sold goods worth
612 million krone (75 million dollars) to South Africa, and
imported goods worth 1,685 billion krone (206 million dollars).
Almost all the imports were coal.

/6091
CSO: 3400/1870

85



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SUPERVISORS URGED TO ACQUIRE NEW SKILLS
Johannesburg THE STAR‘in English 29 May 86 p 16

{Article by Sheryl Raine]

{Text] , Supervisors who continue to exercise control on the
: basis of racial authority are playing Russian roulette
{in the workplace, according to Mr Bobby Godsell,
:head of the Anglo American group’s industrial rela-
; tions department.

! . In Kempton Park yesterday, at an SA Institute of
Supervisors seminar on the role of the supervisor in a
changing South Africa, Mr Godsell said changing ra-
cial norms and attitudes in the country demanded
new skills from supervisors.

The institute has launched an aggressive campaign
to upgrade the status of supervisors. As first line
managers they have considerable impact on labour
relations and productivity levels. But it has been
found that the role and skills of the supervisor have
been largely neglected in industry even though the
supervisor is a key salesman of mangement policy to
employees.

AUTOMATICALLY OBEYED

“In the past, white supervisors had authority be-
ause they were white,” said Mr Godsell. “They gave
instructions and expected to be automatically obeyed
because they were the baas as well as the boss.

“Social norms have changed. The inherent author-
ity of the white supervisor is disintegrating. People
who supervise on the basis of racial authority are
playing Russian roulette. These days on the mines if
you call a black worker a kaffir you are taking your
life in your hands.

“The predominant white supervisory style is like a
parking meter which has expired.”

"At present there were about 500 000 supervisors of
all races in the country and Mr Godsell estimated
that only about five percent had the necessary train-
ing to do their jobs effectively. .

He urged management to give black and white su-
pervisors the skills and the authority to supervise, to
define their task clearly and to increase their status
and reward for performing a key function in industry.

112379
cso: 3400/1867



/13046
cso:

But for the returning refugees
there are no trucks, They walk
between transit camps carrying

yall their possessions on their

backs or using donkeys if they
have one.

Most of the transit camps are
in wadis (river valleys) with their
own supply of water, but at one
camp two huge tankers bring in
water daily.

Most: mornings, like some
Hollywood version of a Biblical

- epic, hundreds of weary and dust-

covered people trek into the
camps for water, rest and food, :
Gnce in the camp each family -

- quickly found shade under simple ‘

shelters made from branches and:
grass, stood in line for water and
cooked breakfast of injera, a
pancake made from the local teff
flour. .

Each camp has a clinic which
treats cases of malaria,
pneumonia, dysentery and
exhaustion. The atmosphere is
like a holiday outing. Everyone is
excited to be going home.

“J don’t want to return to!
Sudan,” said Damarin Haugust,

a stooping figure with a lined face

who looked much older than his
50 yenrs,

But what if the May rains don’t
come? .

“We will depend on REST,”
said his wife, a gaunt peasant

* woman of 40.

"The contrast with the exodus in
the other direction, when
Damarin and thousands more
were refugees from three
successive years of drought, could
not he more marked. ,

Many ‘peasants chose ‘to flee
westward rather than seek food at

‘the government-controlled relief

camps in places like Makale,
which featured so prominently on
television screens around. the
world,

‘Those who did go to Sudan
may have received the better
bargain.

3400/1762

According to Survival Inter-
national in London, which cam-
paigns for the rights of such
groups, tens of thousands of
Tigrayans have béen forcibly
‘moved to the south and west of
Ethiopia in a highly controversial
resettlement programme.

At the end of 1985 Medecins
Sans Frontieres (Doctors Without
Frontiers), a French medical aid
agency, was expelled from
Ethiopia for publicly criticising.
athe resettlement. programme.

Ald agencies still working in
Ethiopia say that many of those
taken for reséttlement went to
government-controlled towns in
search of food.

Survival International believes
that most of the resettlement
sites in lowland areas of Ethiopia-
are malaria-infested, and the
settlers are not given enough
food.

In _a@ region where so many
people are being displaced by
famine, politics and war, .the
return of the Tigrayans is seen by
many foreign observers as a
welcome piece of good news.

The Sudanese Government,
whose 21 million citizens play
host to more than one million
refugees from different parts of
‘Africa, are delighted to see the
igjayans leave ‘ad Kowli.

hether Damarin Haugust

“and his family. will be able to

remain on his land in Tigray
depends on whether they can get

“to their village in time and

whether the rains fall in sufficient
quantity on the parched ground
thisyear.

If the rains fail, it could be
another year of desperate food
shortages. But for the moment
the people of Tigray are happy to
be going home.



NIGERIA

COMMITTEE ESTABLISHED- TO IMPLEMENT PARASTATAL PRIVATIZATION

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 23 May 86 pp 1, 19

[Text ]

FEDERAL Govern.
ment has set up a
committee of experts
to work out the im-
plementation of the
privatisation and
commercialisation of
public enterprises,
Secretary to the
Federal Government,
Chief S. Olu Falae,
said in Kaduna yester-
day.

The committee would
draw up guidelines and
procedure for it as well as
a time-table for implemen-
tation. .

Mr. Falae said in an ad-
dress read by the Perma-
nent Secretary, Economic
Department, Cabinet Of-

fice, Mr. Samuel |. Ochega,
at the conference on
Modalities for successful
privatisation of Nigerian
public enterprises, that
government was taking a
keen note of expressed
fears about privatisation

19274
CSO: 3400/1886

and would be guided by
them at implementation.

Such fears, -he said, were
that the ownership of the
privatized ent ises might

be concentrated in the
hands of a few individuals
with the financial wherewithal
as experienced during in-

enisation in 1972.

ief Falae said govern-
ment would also take sti
ensure a geo-political equity in
the distribution of divested
shareholdings.

He said for the purpose of
privatisation exercise the
parastatals and government-
owned companies were bei:

dassified into five broad.

categories.

‘He said there would be those
to be fully and partially
privatised, those to be fully
and - partially commertcializ-

ed and finally those to be lert
as public institution. Included
in the last category are educa-
tivnal “and ‘cultural institu-
tions. .
He said the steel companies,

the Nigerian Television

Authority, .river basin

authorities and the research

institutes would be those to be
partially commercialized.

“The Secretarv to the
Federal Government. said all’
these steps became necessary
because the government was
not receiving a fair share on
its equity investment and pay-
ment ‘of outstanding debts
with which it had supported
these enterprises.

He said the Federal Govern-
ment investment in public
enterprises was over 23 billion
Naira and the returns were
kess than 400 to 500 million
Naira annuallv



at bay. (AC Vol 27 No 5). Others believe the collapse
of the political centre would strengthen the security
arm of government - at least in the short-term - or
even lead to an Open military coup. Fearful of this
prospect, a number of worried businessmen are
urging Botha to suspend the NP government and
form a ‘‘government of transition” of all races. His
response, characteristically, is icy.

The future of the tricameral parliament looks most
shaky. MPs in the coloured and Indian chambers are
increasingly dissatisfied with the pace of apartheid
reform, and they all share a vehement dislike for De
Klerk. If he were to succeed Botha, they could well
walk out of parliament. They might walk out anyhow
if legislation to restore arbitrary powers to the police
following the lifting of the state of emergency is
pushed through parliament by the NP majority on
inter-chamber committees. (The Prospect of a walk-
out because of legislation like this has already led
to a ‘‘shoot-out’’ in cabinet. We understand Le
Grange lost).

The role of the police, under Le Grange, has
become a major stumbling block to implementing
further reforms of apartheid. Though Le Grange is
a target of the New Nats and cannot expect to
survive much longer in cabinet, the NP caucus and
extra-parliamentary right-wing parties and pressure
groups increasingly believe tough policing methods
are needed. Otherwise, they say, there will not be
enough order for reform to be seen to be having an
impact. Certainly Botha’s announcement last week
of an amnesty for all pass-law prisoners and an end
to further pass-law arrests failed to have much
impact at home. Internationally it was completely
overshadowed by President Reagan and Col.
Gadaffi. Botha is now making noises about reform-
ing the Group Areas Act, saying that it is not a “holy
cow’’, He envisages a crash session of reformist
legislation in August. As in the past, he will probably
be overtaken by events.

The reformist bills include the restoration of black
citizenship rights, the granting of black property
rights, the reform of second-tier government and the
formal abolition of the pass laws. Most important
will be legislation to set up the proposed National
Statutory Council - 4 forum for negotiation between
the NP government and black leaders. The above
reform session is due a week after the NP’s extraordi-
nary federal congress in Durban, where Botha will
try to get approval for the proposed council and a
mandate for the unspecified political accommoda-
tion of blacks.

A version of the Swiss cantonal system, itself
adapted to the dictates of an ethno-geographic fed-

92



improve and expand, its director general Mr Auguste Mpass-Muba said today,
according to Zimbabwe's news agency ZIANA.

In Harare to attend the fifth ordinary session of the PANA inter-governmental
council meeting, Mr Mpass-Muba said African national news agencies also needed
more funds to develop.

The meeting, to be held from Thursday, aims to provide PANA with guidelines
for the improvement of news flows throughout Africa.

PANA, which has a permanent staff of 75 journalists and administrators based
in Dakar in Senegal, is funded by contributions from international organiza-
tions like UNISCO, Arab banks and African banks. It now plans to have a
correspondent in a frontline country to cover the liberation struggles in
South Africa and SWA/Namibia.

On the day-to-day operations of the agency, Mr Mpass-Muba rejected the argu-
ment that PANA was "biased."

He said this argument was raised by the big Western news agencies and were
aimed at discrediting PANA.

"We do receive propaganda but see to it that we do not transmit propaganda
because this propaganda is not of interest to all our national news agencies
in Africa,". Mr Mpass-Muba said.

19274
CsO: 3400/1883

71



JPRS“SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

COMMENTARY CRITICIZES WEST'S POLICY OF 'APPEASEMENT' TOWARD RSA
EA212147 Addis Ababa Voice of Namibia in English 1900 GMT 20 May 86

[Station commentary]

{Text] The fascist Pretoria regime has once again shown its belligerent mad-
ness against free Africa on Monday by attacking Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

The attack of the Pretoria Hitlerites on the three peaceful Frontline States,
which resulted in a wanton destruction of property and loss of life once again
proves that contrary to the appeasement policy pursued by the major imperial-
ist countries, notably the United States of America and Britain, towards
racist South Africa, the regime is adamant in preserving apartheid and in
terrorizing peaceful citizens in the Frontline States.

The only plausible and fitting response to Pretoria's fascist arrogance by the
international community is the imposition of comprehensive mandatory sanctions.
Appeasement is merely an encouragement to Pretoria as it was to Adolf Hitler.
Mere condemation of Pretoria's terrorist acts against the Frontline States
will not suffice. The Frontline States need the tangible assistance of peace-
loving humanity to strengthen their defenses in order to effectively rebuff
Pretoria's act of state terrorism.

The cowardly attack against civilians who have fled South African terror in
the country of their birth shows the inherent bestiality of the apartheid sys-
tem. Apartheid, which daily butchers the Namibian and South African people in
their own country, continues to stretch its violence into neighboring inde-
pendent states due to the assistance, encouragement and protection it gets
from the major imperialist countries. The latest barbarous attacks against
Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe are yet another confirmation that apartheid is
indeed a crime against humanity which must be fought tooth and nail by all
justice-upholding humanity. The violation of the territorial integrity and
sovereignty of the three independent African countries should force the inter-
national community to act promptly and effectively against this (?invasion) of
civilization and social progress.

19274
CSO: 3400/1882



“JPRS“SSA+86~06€
24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

HEALTH MINISTER CALLS POLARIZATION "MAIN THREAT"

MB261521 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1414 GMT 26 May 86

[Text] Windhoek, 26 May (SAP)--The main threat to SWA/Namibian independence
lay in polarization between the people of the territory, the minister of na-
tional héalth and welfare in the transitional government, Mr Moses :
Katjiuomqua said in Windhoek today.

"The insertion of extramenous conditions by external powers is only a | seconeary
complicating factor," he said at the opening of a week-long seminar, on manage—
ment and administration for medical superintendants.

Mr Katjiuomgua said the SWA/Namibian transitional government was Senptaac it
would rule the territory until a viable and final settlement had been re-
solved.

It was doubtful whether such a solution would be found before 1 August, set as
target date for implementation of a United Nations resolution on the territory's
independence on condition that South Africa and Angola reached Firm agreement
on the withdrawal of Cuban forces from Angola.

Until an ‘internationally acceptable settlement was reached in SWA/Namibia, the
transitional government would assume greater responsibility ' "to carry out our

duty to prepare this country for independence." ;

In that process it would strive for the complete abolition of racial discrim
ination.

At the same time, those SWA/Namibian political parties outside the transition-
al government should face up to it that they would have to enter into dialogue
with the government parties at some stage.

"We are here to stay and will remain part of the final solution.

"After 20 years of armed struggle these people have not been able to control
one square centimetre of Namibian soil (and it) should be enough proof that
the prospect of them grabbing political power here is simply not around the
corner," Mr Katjiuongua said in reference to SWAPO.

"The sooner we establish a broad national dialogue the better," he added.

19274
cso: 3400/1882



OUTLOOK FOR CONSUMER SPENDING 'BLEAK'

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 29 May 86 p 22

[Article by Madden Cole]

[Text]

112379
cso:

THE outlook for growth
in consumption expendi-
ture this year is bleak al-
though better than in
1985, says the Bureau for

Economic Research
(BER) at Stellenbosch
University.

BER adds that growth
in real consumption ex-
Penditure is expected to
decline in all categories
except non-durables, but
it feels that the magnitude
of the decreases will be
less severe since recent
economic policy has been
geared toward reviving
consumer spending.

High levels of inflation,
direct taxes and GST,
combined with the effect
of increased unemploy-
ment and lower real levels
of remuneration, place
severe constraints on con-
sumers’ ability to spend.

The Bureau points out,
however, that although
decreases in remunera-
tion and lower levels of
employment in the labour
market will have an im-
pact on future expected
income, interest rates, ex-
pected inflation, the
availability of credit and
consumer confidence are
.more likely to affect the

3400/1863

consumption of big ticket
items this year.

Interest rates which be-
gan falling in the second
half of 1985 are expected
to fall still farther. And

the cut in cash reserve re- °

quirements of the banks
together with the poor de-
mand for credit indicates
that there is no shortage
in availability of funds,
says BER.

It points out, too, that
with inflation currently at
18,9 percent and pro-
jected to average 17,5
percent for the year, real
interest rates do not look
at all attractive to savers.
As a result the decline in
savings is expected to
continue.

So BER feels that con-
sumers will be encour-
aged to borrow in 1986
with plenty of funds avail-
able at low real interest
Tates and perhaps less
stringent _ hire-purchase
requirements into the
bargain.

Much will depend,
though, on the level of
confidence expressed by
the consumer which the
Bureau feels has im-

113

JPRS*SSA~86-066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

proved remarkably in the
last quarter, although fac-
tors such as social unrest
and terrorism which were
thought to have caused
the lack of confidence,
are still prevalent.

In its business survey
tesults BER shows that
there was an unexpected
increase in the volume of
sales experienced by
wholesalers as a result of
increased buying of con-
sumer goods.

It expects the upturn in
the fourth quarter of last
year which was sustained
during the first quarter of
1986 could improve in the
second quarter.

However, BER ex-
plains that the net. in-
crease in sales and orders
placed is from very low le-
vels, and that on average,
wholesalers reported a
net decrease in numbers
of people employed com-
pared with the same quar-
ter last year.

In the retail trade, vol-
ume of sales increased
and for the first time since
fourth-quarter 1984, the
index recorded a greater
value than 100.



JPRS=SSA~86-066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

NATIONAL LABOR CONFERENCE OPPOSES PARASTATAL PRIVATIZATION

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 20 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Text }

THE President of the N.L.C.. Alhaji Ali Chiroma, has said
the only way to make parastatals work was to man them with
qualified and committed people and not through privatisa-
tion.

Delivering an address last Friday in Ie-If2, Oyo State, at
the opening of the national delegates conference of the
Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), Alhaji Ali
said such qualified people should be given targets to meet,
should be rewarded when they perform creditably and
punished for any wrong doing.

He said efforts being made at diversifying the nation’s
economy would be wasted if its resources were still made to
into private pockets.

Alhaji Ali expressed regret that members of “the ruling
dass" had not lost any of their privileges in spite of the

economic depression.

“ earn their promo-
tions when due, they have ac-
cess to essential commodities
at official prices and all their
investments are making fan-
tastic profits while the quality
of life of the worker and com-
mon man is falling at an alar-
ming rate,” he said.

19274
cso: 3400/1886

49

He urged the 44-member
unions of the NLC, of which
ASUU is one, to live ap to their
responsibilities by attendiny
meetings and paying check-off
cues of thelr members to the

As at March this year, he
said, only four unions had fully
paid up, 21 were in arrears
while 19 were indebted to the
congress by between 13 mon-
ths and 84 months.

In his address at the occa-
sion, the chairman of the
University of Ife branch of
ASUU, Prof. Omotoye
Olorode, condemned the direc-
tive of the Ogun State Govern-
ment compelling students to
produce the tax receipts of
parents who, he said, were
jobless.

He called on member unions
of NLC to co-operate with the
congress, adding ‘unless the

wants to confirm the
allegation that it was created
to fetter the struggles of the
working people, the time is
ripe for serious political and
economic action.”

The conference, which at-
tracted five delegates from
each of the union's 24 bran-
ches, focussed discussion on
the theme ‘Education,
aulture, and national libera-
tion.” (NAN).



JPRS*SSA~86+066
24 June 1986

Abie tris NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

SOLDIERS POISONING INCIDENT--Police headquarters in Windhoek are still tight-
lipped on the poisoning of an estimated 12 Koevoet members in northern Namibia.
Most of the men, stationed in Oshakati, were transferred to 1 Military hospital
in’ Pretoria earlier this week. The Police refused to reveal the identity of
the men. Four’ are reported to be in a critical condition, and the rest
‘serious’. It is also believed some of the men have gone blind as a result

of the poisoning. According to one source those affected by the poison had
been suffering from pustules around the mouth, ahir failing out and paralysis
of the lower limbs. It is believed it is a heavy metal poison taken in
through inhalation, which was verified by another source who said there were
reports that all the men had. been involved in extinguishing a fire at a
rubbish dump near their base last month and that possibly there had been

some poisonous substance in the ‘refuse. [Excerpts] [By John Liebenberg]
{Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 16 May 86 p 1] /9274

SWAPO OFFICLAL DETAINED--Omukuni Editor and Swapo Beputy Secretary of the
Windhoek Branch Mr Erasmus Handuba was detained by police last Friday at Jan
Smuts Airport and charged with bringing in ‘banned stuff' and not declaring
material with the customs. Mr Handuba was returning from a trip to Holland
and Belgium where he attended two conferences on Namibia. The Dutch confer-.
ence he attended was organised by the Netherlands Council of Churches after
seven Dutch\clergy and laity were refused visas to visit Namibia on a fact
finding tour, while the Brussels conference was organised by the Belgian Com
mittee against ‘Neo-Colonialism and Apartheid. Mr Handuba said police con-
fiscated a book titled 'Namibia in the 1980s,' and made a list of all publi-
cations he had, which they said was to be sent to the Publications Board for
further investigation.’ He said police were abusive, accusing him of. being
the 'Tutu'type' and then asked him whether he was a Swapo member to which he
had replied, ‘yes since my birth.' [Text] [Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English
16 May 86 p 5] /9274

CSO: 3400/1720

45



JPRS*SSA*86*066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COSATU'S GENERAL-SECRETARY DISCUSSES LIBERATION STRUGGLE

Lagos THE AFRICAN GUARDIAN in English 22 May 86 p 54

[Interview with Cosatu General-Secretary Jay Naidoo, by Sully Abu in Gaborone;
date not given]

[Text] Inspite of Western support, apartheid will be destroyed

The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) was launched last year with
half a million registered members. Apart from thrusting the Black working
class more powerfully into the centre stage in the struggle against apartheid,
COSATU's vision of a liberated South Africa is highlighted by its democratic
approach in matters of organisation and decision-making, an approach in which
the unionists, the youth, street and neighbourhood committees reinforced each
other. To find out more about this development, The African Guardian's, East
and Southern African Regional Editor, Sully Abu, spoke with COSATU's General
Secretary, Jay Naidoo, in Gaborone, the Botswana capital recently.”

Excerpts from the interview:

The African Guardian: What is the nature of COSATU's involvement with the
various campaigns being launched within South Africa for liberation?

Naidoo: The basic structure in COSATU is the local shop stewards councils and
these are located in every major town and city, bringing together shop stewards
from various affiliates. Certain structures have been set in motion at that
local level and there would be national coordination within COSATU and with
other democratic organisations on the ways in which these campaigns are going
to be taken up. Apart from the anti-pass campaign, decisions were also taken
in relation to the rent protests. The third campaigns centre around the
release of Comrade Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners.

More specifically in relation to our organisation and struggles of workers on
the factory floor, we have campaigns based around the right to strike, the
campaign for a living wage, and an end to the cheap labour system and campaigns
around increased maternity benefits.

How soon are some of these campaigns taking off as I recall you did give
certain deadlines?



TPRS“85A-86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI SPELLS OUT NONNEGOTIABLE BLACK DEMANDS
MB251259 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1234 GMT 25 May 86

[Text] Pietermaritzburg, May 25, SAPA--Chief Mangosutthu Buthelezi, chief
minister of KwaZulu, today spelt out black demands from the government on
which, he said, there could be no compromise. : :

He told a Victoria League banquet here at the weekend that blacks asked for
no more nor less than what was wanted by normal people living ina normal
country. .

In pursuance of this, the demands on which they were not prepared to compro—
mise were:

--All South Africans must participate equally in the selection of their
government, whether at the national, regional or city level.

--Elections must be on a common voters roll.
--There must be equal education for all.

--All apartheid and all discrimination must be eliminated and all South
Africans had to be treated equally in all aspects of life.

Chief Buthelezi said he understood that these changes would be traumatic for
many, and it was therefore accepted that the process of change had: to. be
through negotiation.

"It is only the extremists who talk of surrender," he said. "But I must warn
that their numbers will grow and grow as the government delays and delays."

The Inkatha president said that the objective of the National Council Bill
was quite impressive, but for it to succeed there was an urgent need to
repeal "obnoxious" legislation.

/6091
cso: 3400/1870

84



sIPRS«SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

NORTHERN RESIDENTS COMPLAIN OF POLICY, ARMY ACTIVITIES

Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 16 May 86 pp 1, 3

{Article by Chris Shipanga]

{Text J

ANGRY RESIDENTS in and
around Ombalantu in northern
Namibia have demanded the im-
mediate withdrawal of South
African Police and Defence Force
units operating in the area, claim-
ing that those units were responsi-
ble for destroying lives and
property.

At an emergency meeting of Om-
balantu residents and tribal chiefs
held on April 23, 1986, which was
also attended by Brigadier Von
Mollendorf of the Oshakati Police,
Brigadier Hans Dreyer of Koevoet,
and representatives from the
SADF, residents strongly spoke out
against what they called the ‘wan-
ton and deliberate destruction of
their lives and property’ by the
South African Police and Defence
Force units.

Residents cited various incidents
in which they alleged that military
vehicles were recklessly driven
through their mahangu fields and
homesteads and also that people
were indiscriminately. beaten up
and even killed by members of
these forces.

Many elderly residents were par-
ticularly annoyed by the
‘systematic and cleverly planned’

manner .of waiting until the -

harvesting period before these units

19274

cso: 3400/1720

would come in and destroy their
many months of hard work.

The residents also bitterly accus-
ed South African authorities for
not taking their complaints serious-
ly and called for a speedy redress
to all concerned and: for the im-
mediate withdrawal from the area
of all South African Police and
Defence Force members.

Approached for comment,
Brigadier Von Mollendorf con-
firmed such incidents and said
police were still investigating but
emphasised that he was not in a
position to give information to the
press.

A police spokesman in Win-
dhoek stressed that if charges were
laid with the police, then obvious-

39

?

ly they: would investigate the
matter.

‘We are not a band of criminals,
and if a member of the police force
was involved we shall bring the
culprit before a court of law,’ he
said; and added that ‘ ... Swapo
does the same, but nobody com-
plains ...’.

A spokesman for the SADF in
Windhoek denied any knowledge
of the particular incidents refered
to by the Ombalantu residents and
added that he could not confirm
whether the army was represented
at the emergency meeting. The
spokesman said however that the
Defence Force had a well-
established channel through which
such complaints were laid, and that
compensation was paid depending
on the outcome of investigations.



JPRS*SSA-86+066
24 June 1986

NEW FACTORY FOR REINFORCING STEEL~-A NEW R1,5 million factory for the cutting
and bending of reinforcing steel has come on stream at Ekandustria on the Far
East Rand. The new company is Cocker Reinforcing and has been established by
Bob Cocker, a well-known figure in the reinforcing industry and the GTA Group
of construction companies. The initial capacity of the new plant is 400 tons a
month but this can be easily doubled according to the demand placed upon it.
Mr Cocker, who is managing director of the new operation is confident of the
future of the industry. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 28 May 86
p 25] /12379

OIL SEARCH OFF CAPE--The oil search off the South African coast will be ex-
panded to the West Cape coast later this year, the Minister of Mineral and
Energy Affairs, Mr Danie Steyn, said in Cape Town yesterday. Mr Steyn was
the guest speaker during a ceremony in Table Bay harbour yesterday during
which Mrs Hermanus Steyn renamed an anchor-handling supply tug, the Pentow
Skua. A third oil rig had arrived off Mossel Bay and this would speed up
demarcating the gas fields on the Agulhas Bank. Mr Steyn said that it was
the intention of the Government and Soekor that more South African expertise
be used in servicing the rigs in the search for oil, and he hoped this
expertise would be used fully in exploiting the Mossel Bay gas field. The
Pentow Skua starts a three-year contract to Soekor next month. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 May 86 p 12]/12828

MORE CBDs OPENED--The Central Business Districts of Delmas in Transvaal,
King William's Town in the Cape and Colenso in Natal will be proclaimed

free trading areas by notice in the Government Gazette today. Earlier this
month, Potchefstroom Witbank and Ottery (Cape) had their Central Business
Districts declared open. The announcement was made yesterday by Mr Chris
Heunis, Minister of Constitutional Development and Planning. He said that
in these open CBDs, members of all population groups could freely obtain
occupation and ownership rights of premises in the proclaimed areas. The
only limitation is that these premises must be used for business, commercial,
profession or religious and education purposes in terms of the existing

town planning schemes of the areas concerned. [Text][Johannesburg. THE CITIZEN
in English 23 May 86 p 13]/12828

cso: 3400/1852

125



112379
cso:

Two thousand pupils were turned
away this year
space... co.

Martin Malcahy, principal of Mma-
batho High, now on sabbatical to study _
multi-cultural education at the Uni-
versity of Cape Town, said apartheid,
education had been an enormous and’
costly failure.

“Most of us have grown up with en-
trenched ignorance, fear, envy and an
inability to relate normally with the
majority of our fellow South Africans,”
he said.

It was the State’s responsibility to
equalise educational provision by
opening schools to all groups so as to
prepare children for an active role in a
democratic SA.

He said pupils at Mmabatho High
were made aware of the subjectivity of
their own history, art and culture, giv-
en the right to express their own cul-
ture and at the same time learned to
recognise the right of others to do like-

se.

Brother Neil McGurk, principal of -
Sacred Heart College, said the black :
schools boycott was more a reaction to :

enforced segregated education, and the
lack of legitimacy in the political sys-
tem, than the disparity of technical

3400/1861

cause of lack of.

equality between black and white
schools.

Government’s promise to provide
technical equality within 10 years be-

-tween black and white education did

not.address the fundamental issue, he
said.

The problems in black education
were affecting white schools, which
were now witnessing the paranoia of
bomb drills and early morning class-
room searches, he said.

Public schools, he said, were becom-‘* ~

ing “sociological backwaters”, as they
failed to respond creatively to the real
tensions facing SA. .

Public schools becoming
‘sociological backwaters’.

Speaking on the options of separat-
ism, Rabbi NM Bernard said’ there
were legitimate and illegitimate types
of separatism. In his opinion, it was
religion — not colour — which consti-
tuted a Bround for separate schools.

Peter Nixon, of Woodmead School,
introduced the speakers.

109

y



3000
2500
2000
1500
1000

500

Palladium supply (000's oz)

S255

ME South arrica BS ussr
Cansd3  pelladium supply tues,

118



SBDC TO BUY CITY FACTORY, OTHER LOCAL PROJECTS.

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 May 86 p 16.

[Article by David Canning]

[Text]

112379
CSO:

The Small Business Develop-
ment Corporation is in the
‘course of buying the vast unused
former Leisure Corp factory
building at Industria, Johannes:
burg. for around R4 million, ac-
cording to its managing direc-
tor, Dr Ben Vosloo.

He said yesterday that the:
14 m building was being:
earmarked for development as
a huge industrial “hotel” which’
could accommodate up to 2.000
small entrepreneurs, ‘

The building had been bought:
through a liquidation sale and
loose ends were still being tied
up. He said the site was ideal
because of its proximity to a
number of industrial and resi-'
dential areas - and its location
near the road to Soweto.

Speaking on a tour of SBDC
facilities in the Durban area, Dr
Vosloo said the idea of small
business “incubators,” as they
are known in the United States,
appeared to be working well in
South Africa. .

3400/1864

The SBDC was trying to al-
leviaté the unemployment prob-
lem by providing facilities for
the unemployed and others to
start their own businesses. It
provides industrial accommoda-
tion and equipment for hire on a
‘daily basis and plans to give
:back-up in financing, marketing,
, Secretarial and other services,

He said the SBDC still was
“feeling its way” but appeared
to be meeting’a real need at
ipresent. /

“The first such facility, opened
in Port Elizabeth, is now mov-
ing to larger premises,

The 1170sq m industrial
building occupied recently at:
Phoenix near Durban has many :
more applicants than it has!
Space to accommodate. Entre-
Preneurs hire space daily (at a
charge of R5) and the project
has given employment to 86.

People. .
trepreneurs in the motor,’
metal and allied trades, wood-

123

JPRS*SSA*86~066

24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

workers, garment manufactur-
ers and others are catered for in
Premises at Phoenix, Chats.
-worth, Maritzburg and else-
where. .
The SBDC tour also took in-a
number of other local projects
including Chatsworth factory.
flats (costing R1,7-m), Chats-:
worth Industrial Park:
(R690 000), Austerville Industrial
Park (R477 000), Austerville fac-
tory complex (Ri-m) and Kwa
Makuta Make ’n Sell Centre.
(R234 000). ”
Natal general manager Tony
Kedzierski says the  SBDC has
managed to br pe in
a number of. areas and now the
Natal Provincial authorities
have granted it a major licens-
ing concession. At its discretion
it can arrange for tenants to op:
erate without the usual licences.’
A number of entrepreneurs
established there already have
their sights on-moving to larger:
and more permanent premises.



JPRS-SSA-86-066
24 JUNE 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

OATUU Secretariat Charges OAU Mishandling Controversy
(Lloyd Evans; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 20 May 86) ...seeeeee

ANGOLA

Cultural, Scientific Agreement Signed With Cuba
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 20 Apr 86) .cescccccceccccccccesvecccces

Briefs
ANGONAVE Office Bomb Threat
SWAPO Anniversary Noted
Farmers Urged To Increase Production
ETHIOPIA

Refugees Return to Tigray Province
(John Tanner; THE DAILY NATION, 2 May 86) ...ccececescveeee

Briefs
Mengistu Offers Military Training
FRG Organization Offers Famine Aid
EA Service Adds Luanda Route

GHANA

Harare Conference Must Produce Africa Defense Mechanism
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 21 May 86) ..cessevecccccccecveces

Trade With FRG Reviewed; 28 Percent Increase
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 18 May 86) ...cececcccccccccvccecs

Death Sentences Issued for Plot Against Government
(Faustina Ashirifie; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 16 May 86) ...

10

11

12



AFTERMATH OF RAIDS; ASSESSING COSTS

Nel: , Great Successes on Three Fronts

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 10

{Article by Kitt Katzin]

[Text]

WITH the outside world still
shocked over this week’s
three-pronged SADF strike,
the South African Govern-
ment has classified the mis-
sion an unqualified success
on three specific fronts.

It believes that what it has
lost in terms of international
condemnation it will more than
make up with immediate and
substantial gains, if only tem-
porary, in the escalating anti-
terror war.

What the Zambia-Zimbabwe-
Botswana raid showed was a
recognition by the Government
that the ANC has entrenched it-
self as a permanent military
enemy capable of increasing its
acts of terror in spite of its op-
erations centre being confined
to far-off Zambia.

It was for this reason that the
SADF struck at the nerve cen-
tre of the ANC’s operations in
Lusaka and at inter-linking

training and transport facilities \

in Harare and Gaborone.

These centres, and others,

rovide the main routes

ough which the ANC moves
its equipment into South Africa
— mainly from Lusaka through
Zimbabwe and across the Bo-
tswana border.

Other routes are through
Zimbabwe and across the Mo-
zambican border, though this is
used less frequently.

In these terms, says the Gov-
ernment, there can be no doubt
about the strikes’ success: with
the ANC’s main supply routes
wiped out, there should be a
dramatic fall-off in its cam-

paign of violence.

Therefore, says. the Govern-
ment, it cannot agree that in-
ternational condemnation or
the threat of punitive measures
will mean it paying.a heavy

rice when weighed against the
importance of holding the dom-
inant role in military terms.

Thus, the immediate effect
of the raids, say Government ;
spokesmen, should be assessed
in this light, even though points
scored could be as easily neu-
tralised by ANC counter-at-
tacks.

Given the fact that it is re-
cognised as a permanent
enemy, it seems Government
strategy is aimed more at re-
ducing and containing the
ANC’s terror campaign than at-
tempting to destroy it.

Its acts of violence, the Gov-
ernment is saying, cannot in all

probability be totally elminat- :

ed. These will go on but, hope-
fully, will not increase.

As Mr Louis Nel, the Deputy
Minister of Information, told an
international Press conference:
“The Government cannot pre-

vent the Soviet Union from
training, arming and support-

JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ing the ANC but it can prevent
it from enjoying secure base fa-
cilities in neighbouring states,
and from developing infrastruc-
ture inside South Africa.”
Although the ANC, says Mr
Nel, is not a danger to the Gov-
ernment, it is a threat to civil-
jans and he cited figures show-
ing a dramatic increase in its
activities in the past 10 years.
In this time the ANC was re-
sponsible for 12 landmine ex-
plosions ( 30 were found by the
security forces) used 113 hand-
granades in attacks (1273
seized) used 115 limpet mines
(400 more found) used seven
demolition mines (87 located)
and 85 anti-personnel mines.
However, considering that
the ANC, in terms of these sta-
tistics, appears to be more ac-
tive than ever, the question
asked by opposition political
leaders and others is whether,
with so much to lose in terms of
sanctions and other punitive
measures, South Africa really
gained from this week's strikes.

According to PFP leader Mr
Colin Eglin, the raids would not
promote the well being of the
public and whatever the Gov-
ernment achieved in the securi-
ty field, the mission amounted
to a political. blunder.

He said they would not re-
duce Marxist or communist in-
fluence in southern Africa or



JPRS*SSA~86~0€

24 June 1986

NIGERIA

RAILWAY CORPORATION SEATED TO RECEIVE ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 17 May 86 pp 1, 11

[Text ]

FIFTY locomotives,
287 coaches, 100 brake
vans and 650 converti-
ble wagons would be
acquired for the Nige-
rian Railway Corpora-
tion (NRC).
Briefing newsmen on
the activities of the ministry
in Lagos, yesterday,
Minister of Transport and
Aviation, Brigadier
Jeremiah Useni, said the
corporation’s proposal for
joint venture arrangement
with an overseas partner
for the local manufacture
of rolling stock and spare
parts had reached an ad-
vanced stage.
He said the NRC had,
reopened discussion with
Ajaokuta and Aladja steel
rolling authorities towards
the production of rail
tracks, tools and other
special structural sections
in their plant improvement/
extension programmes.
The NRC carried 8,364,035
passengers and earned
25,752,063 Naira between
August 1985 and April 1986,
Brigadier Useni said.

On the freight, the minister
said the corporation carried

858,433 tonnes of goods and
earned 24,024,893 Naira during

19274
CSO: 3400/1889

the same period.

The minister assured that
the operating results were ex-
pected to improve significant: '
ly as the corporation received
the maintenance spare parts
in respect of which the
Federal Government provided
10 million Naira.

Brigadier Useni said the
NRC also moved 3,628 tonnes
of bitumen from Kaduna
Refinery to Port Harcourt and
25,000 tonnes of export coal
from Enugu/Lafia also to Port
Harcourt and earned 324,405 U.S.
dollars in foreign exchange bet-
ween August 1985 and April 1986.

The Government Coastal Agen-
cy, the minister said, was being
reorganised to make it more
commercially viable and self sus-

“taining.

The operational activities of

the’ agency, said the-minister,*

had received a boost lately due to
the Federal Government
patronage.

He said the annual tonnage be-
ing handled throughout the agen-
cy’s location was about 300,000
metric tonnes.

Brigadier Useni said as a result
of economic crunch, cargo handl-
ing. tHroughout. Nigeria
ports had been on the downwara

trend, from 22,611,229 metric ton-*

nes in 1982 to 14,185,971 metric
tonnes in 1985.

He said a further decline to
12,517,330 metric tonnes was pro-
jected for 1986, adding that the
situation had been considered as
not healthy for ‘the financial
needs of the Nigerian Ports
Authority (NPA).

62

The minister said one of the

riority projects embarked upon
by the Nigerian Ports Authority
since 1980 was phase one of the
federal ocean terminal project
located in Rivers State.

He said 64,306 million Naira

uhad so far been committed in the
project which was now suspended
due to lack of fund and the in-
creased scope of the project from
the 129:million Naira to well over
200 million Naira being asked by
the contractor.

The major objectives of the
federal ocean terminal project
were to give support to the Port
Harcourt port which was already’
oer stretched in the handling
of conventional cargo traffic as
well gs the handling of the raw
materials inputs required by the
Ajaokuta Steel Mill.

He said it thus became clear
that unless this port project
which was suspended due to lack
of fund was expeditiously ex-
ecuted the successful completion
‘and operation of the Ajaokuta
‘Steel mill, the new refinery, the
petrol chemical and fertilizer in-
dustries might be impaired with
devastating effects on the na-
tional economy.

During the period under
review, the NPA collected port
charges in foreign currency
totalling 10.6 million dollars.

The minister also said the NPA
would intensify efforts in attrac-
ting financial resources from
reputable world institutions like
the world bank.



113046
cso:

3400/1860

similar vein. Two years ago, AW Con-
sultants carried out a capital restructuring
exercise for six federal government para-
statals. Mbanefo is not enthusiastic about
privatisation. He says Nigeria does not
have the resources to carry out a thorough
privatisation and that the timing is poor
and the scheme very expensive. Instead,
says Mbanefo, ‘‘a little selective privatisa-
tion may be a good thing but certainly not
a massive privatisation exercise at this
time.”” He wants government to adopt a
policy of commercialisation for now. He
said: ‘The capitals of the various enter-
prises must be restructured to make them
commercially viable and, thereafter, they
must be given the tools to manage effec-
tively.’”

The divergent views expressed at the
seminar appear to have taken the punch
out of its resolutions. Participants were
not even agreed on the necessity of
privatisation. Yet, there is no doubt that
parastatals are a monumental failure.
What tc do? That is the dilemma facing
President Babangida. A powerful anti-
privatisation lobby has developed.

48



Alexandra does not consist of rows of tiny and uniform houses as Soweto does.
Instead it is a slum, where more than 100,000 people live in wrecked cars,
huts made of corrugated sheets and long ruined barracks. Alexandra also is
located right inside white Johannesburg, borders directly on a major
industrial district. Consequently anyone seeking work or wishing to feed his
family by occasional jobs prefers the shabby township in the center to all
other more distant black residential areas.

For all these reasons, Alexandra, the black workers’ suburb, is a center of
the black opposition movement. The young black trade unions have more
followers here than elsewhere, but the miserable living conditions have so far
frustrated all efforts at reform. Black politics were long dominated by a
reformist group around Sam Buti, a clergyman and Desmond Tutu's predecessor as
president of the South African Council of Churches. He failed in his own
backyard: As chairman of Alexandra's official community council, he was unable
to satisfy the expectations of his former followers, ground down between the
millstones of white government power and black insurrection and finally judged
a "traitor"--because, so claim young people in Alexandra, he helped his
friends and relatives to get better housing.

In 1985, the year of unrest, Buti's community council was replaced by a civic
association. Paul Beeya, its chairman, last week received SPD chairman Willy
Brandt, in the miserable township. Even Beeya, a friend of the established
black resistance groups, is deemed too accommodating by the young radicals.
For some weeks past, street committees of young unemployed blacks have been
disputing with Beeya's people for control of the township--if something like
black control can be said to be possible at all under the thumb of the white
police. The relatively small Alexandra clearly demonstrated the split in
black resistance: A seasoned old leadership, made unpopular by inescapable
compromises with the white authorities, was replaced by less experienced
people who in turn can hold their own vis-a-vis militant juveniles only thanks
to the moral support of the top black leaders who are nationally acknowledged.

Still, all these differences vanish when Botha's police attacks the black
opposition. Pretoria evidently aims to intimidate precisely those opposition
spokesmen who are capable of a dialogue. A few days after the prominent
German's visit to Alexandra, masked black policemen entered the township and
laid fire to the houses of members of the civic association. Beeya's home
burned down, his wife was felled by blows from the disguised government
helpers. Beeya's old opponent Buti demonstrated his solidarity with the
militant black protest movement: He made the pilgrimage to Pollsmoor Prison
near Cape Town to visit Nelson Mandela, the leader revered by almost all black
rebels.

The situation is very different outside the large cities. The principle of
divide and rule has long dominated the nationality policy of the white regime.
From this follows also the doctrine of "separate development" and the
establishment of the 10 so-called homelands: The Republic of South Africa has
ceeded around one seventh of its territory to 10 black "national states."
Ceded? The nastiest suppression, at first glance seemingly a thing of the
past in the large cities, rules supreme and barefaced in the homelands.

97



JPRS“SSA*86*066
24 June 1986

MALAWI

NATION'S ROAD SYSTEM; CONDITIONS, FUTURE PROJECTS EXAMINED

Blantyre THIS IS MALAWI in English 5 May 86 pp 19-21

[Article by Raphael Kamlomo]

[Text]

What would happen if all
roeds in the country one day
closed. There would be chaos.
Travellers, mail and other cargo
would be stranded.

This shows the importance of
roads in the daily life and
development of any country,
They facilitate easy movement of
people and goods and this is why
their improvement and mainte-
nance are accorded a priority
status in development program-
mes in many countries.

In Malawi, since independence,
road development has occupied
a large part of the country’s
overall development programme.
As a result, many roads in the
country’s three regions have
been opened and improved so
that there is no longer transpor-
tation problem in many areas
throughout the year as opposed
to what was the case during the
colonial administration.

Since Malawi's economic
progress mainly depends on
agriculture, there was pressing
need at the time of independence
for economic transport facilities
not only for crop extraction to
markets within the country, but
also for the movement of the
crops in neighbouring countries
on their’ way to overseas
markets.

“We cannot talk of increased
agricultural production without
improved means of communica-

tion. Therefore 25 per cent of the
available funds have been allo-
cated for this purpose and the
greater part of this money will be
devoted to improving the coun-
try’s system of roads which are
essential if the increasing volume
of agricultural products is to
reach the markets of the world
cheaply”, His Excellency the Life
President Ngwazi Dr. H. Kamuzu
Banda pointed out on July 7,
1966, just a day after Malawi
attained a republican status,
when he performed the state
opening of Parliament in Zomba.

The roads in MalaWi are classi-
fied into main, secondary, dis-
tricts, branch, estate, agricultural
project and township roads. The
main, secondary and district
roads form nearly 88% of the
total length of roads in the
country.

The main road network is
designed to serve as_ inter-
regional primary grid for opening
up domestic and international
trade routes, at the time of
independence in 1964 the main
road network largely consisted of
gravel and earth roads. In
response to the development
needs of the country, very high



30-day fascing of the Ramadan. Alhaji Yakubu-Aggrey said the project will

be a historic landmark for the Muslims of the country. He said the project
being financed by the Muslim World League and the Islamic Development

Bank, will make the reading and the understanding of the Quran easier for non
English reading Muslims who can read in vernacular. Alhaji Yakubu-Aggrey
also hinted that similar translations into Kasem, Wala Gonja, Nanumba, Dajari,
Kusassi and Frafra will be made as part of (Dawa) Islamic propagation to

be undertaken by the National Islamic Secretariat. [Excerpt] [Accra THE
GHANAIAN TIMES in English 20 May 86 p 5] /9274

cso: 3400/1718 ~

18



/12379
cso:

He explained how the
Act had distorted" the
housing market in May-
fair East where the price
of a pair of semi-detached
houses had risen from
about R15 000 eight years
ago to as. much as
R1i20 000 today after
Fordsburg and parts of
Mayfair had been de-
clared an Indian residen-
tial area.

Asians currently buying
property in the area. were,
paying premium prices
without. complaint," be-
cause of the crippling cost
of commuting from far-
away Lenasia.

Artificial

“The Group Areas Act
réquires very early atten-
tion by the Government,”
said Mr Symons. “The
high prices being paid in
Mayfair “East today are
the result of a forced arti-
ficial demand created by
the Act.”

From Cape Town it is
reported that Constantia
and Zeckoevlei in the
Peninsula’s southern sub-
urbs are among the most
‘popular suburbs where
many White home owners
are reported to have sold
their houses to buyers of
other races.

Some residents said
they were unconcerned
over the development,
while others have warned

3400/1862

agencies: “If ‘they’ come,
we go.”

Yesterday, a  Con-
stantia resident told The
Citizen she did not mind
Blacks. moving into: her
area, 7

She had lived in Con-
stantia for a number of
years, and had made
many friends, she said,
but she had been dis-
mayed when some of her
“so-called friends” ad
sold up and left “without
even saying goodbye”, :

She’ said: “Whites in’
this area seem to have too,
much money and: don’t
care about people. Blacks
are different; and I would
rather: have. friendly
‘Blacks as neighbours than
shobbish whites.

Sale :
: “According to -estate’
ageiiciés, Tndian’ and
Coloured buyers are free-
ly disclosing their race
groups when they sign
deeds of sale.

The agencies say that if
they present a legally bin-
ding deed of sale to the
authorities, together with
a guarantee that finance is
available, applications for
exemption from . the
Group Areas Act go
through in a matter of
weeks.

101

& One ‘agenicy’ > that:
‘spécialises in. the Marina
da Gama area-near Mui-
zenberg said a recent
showhouse attracted In-
dian families who wanted
to live in the area.

Although the agency
had been criticised by
residents in the area, a
‘Spokesman said: “‘We are
simply in the business of
selling houses.”

A recent deal was con-
cluded for R185 000 for a
waterfront house in the
area, he said.

\._ One of the Peninsula’s
“big five” agencies is ad-
vertising: “Marina da
Gama*— Coloured, In-
dian buyers ... I have a
selection of prime proper-
ties in this area for you.”

... The: agency’s stock in-
‘cludes a home with a “‘su-
perb entertainer’s pad”,
with pool, selling for
R225 000, as well as a
choice of four waterfront
homes for R200 000 and a
“Revel Fox-designed
waterfront house with
features galore” for which
the asking price is
R275 000.

A number of buyers are
investors looking for
blocks of flats and offices,
who believe prices will
jump if the Group Areas
Act is scrapped.



JPRS*SSA*86~0!
24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

SWAPO'S NUJOMA CONDEMNS SOUTH AFRICAN AIR RAIDS
PM231505 Oslo AFTENPOSTEN in Norwegian 21 May 86 p 10
[Per Kristian Haugen report: "The Aircraft Came From Namibia"]

[Text] "The South African aircraft which attacked a refugee camp in Zambia
on Monday came from the Umpasha base in eastern Namibia and not from bases in
South Africa's Transvaal. Our country is being used as a platform for South
African aggression against the frontline states," SWAPO [South West Africa
People's Organization] President Sam Nujoma said after talks with Prime
Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland yesterday. The SWAPO leader is visiting
Norway as the last country on a Nordic tour. Before he leaves Oslo today
Nujoma will hold talks with Foreign Minister Knut Frydenlund, among others.

"This is exactly what we have been telling the world the whole time," was
Nujoma's reaction to the attacks on what South Africa claims are terrorist
bases of the banned African National Congress in Botswana, Zimbabwe, and
Zambia.

Nujoma described South Africa's behavior as "barbaric, desperate, and ar-
rogant" and as a gross violation of international law. He interpreted the
actions as signs that President P. W. Botha's government is beginning to see
the writing on the wall.

Asked about the danger that SWAPO camps could be attacked, he replied that
such things have happened before and that SWAPO has been at war against the
South African occupation for 20 years. "Some of the attacking aircraft will
not return home," was all Nujoma was willing to say.

He claimed that in the last 3 weeks SWAPO was shot down two South African
transport aircraft in northern Namibia. A helicopter is also supposed to have
been shot down and South African military bases attacked. Nujoma could not
say how many people died in the downed aircraft. As a sign that the pressure
is also becoming noticeable to civilians, he mentioned that there is now unem-
ployment for the first time among whites in Namibia.

The SWAPO leader warned that in the future too South [as published] Africa
could be used as a point of departure for attacks on the frontline states.

30



JPRS*SSA*86+066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

JOHANNESBURG APARTHEID THRIVING--Apartheid is still flourishing in
Johannesburg. The country's “most progressive metropolis" has: Segregated
municipal facilities--including some toilets; no bus stops for blacks in the
city centre; a Central:Business District “closed” residentially to blacks;

City Council recreation ‘centres cater for’whites only. °"Other” races are
allowed only with special permission from the’ chairman of the management
committee, Mr Francois Oberholzer. Only the Braamfontein and the Jabula
centres are open to all; bowling greens aré for whites only; swimming pools are
for whites only (mixed galas are permitted); bus services are segregated, using
different routes and termini. An, attempt. by Progressive Federal Party
councillor, Mr Geoff Stark, to have all amenities opened was defeated in the
Johannesburg City Council this week. Now he intends taking the matter to the
Administrator of the Transvaal, Mr Willem-Cruywagen. [By Shirley Woodgate]
[Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 29 May 86 p 1] ~/12379

TUCSA LOSES TEXTILE UNION--CAPE TOWN--The 19 000-member Textile Workers"
Industrial Union is to leave the Trade Union Council of South Africa (Tucsa).
The decision was taken at a national-executive meeting ‘in Cape’ Town “in view of
Tucsa's irrelevance in our members' fight against apartheid", said a union
spokesman. The union reiterated its stand against political affiliations but
felt that matters affecting members' lives could not be ‘ignored when political
decisions and actions directly affectéd the economy. It also called for the
withdrawal of security forces from townships.--Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg

THE CITIZEN in English 29 May 86 p'8] | /12379 3

csO: 3400/1862

iil



SJPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

ORDERS FROM BULGARIAN TRADE FAIR, COMMERCIAL MISSION ADVOCATED
Enugu DAILY STAR in English 19 May 86 pp 1, 16

{Article by Josef Bel-Molokwu]

IGERIA will
‘orders worth
million dollars over the next

3400/1887

The official figures were
given in Plovdiv by the head of
the Nigerian exposition at the
fair, Mr Ben Itegbe, whois alsd
the head of the promotions
division of the Nigerian Export
“romotion Council.

He told the STAR that the
fair, at which all Nigerian
Products were manufactured
from an average of 80 per cent
local’ materials, had exposed
Nigeria to.a wider world market

Contracts were’ won ‘at the

Plovdiv fair by a Nigerian
company, NIMCO Nig. Ltd.,

for the supply. ipa age .

cocoa cake,

coffee. robusta to be Mee" seld to to
Yugosiavia,, Sweden and
Roumania, following inquiries

from a Swedish consortium.
The Bulgarian government

has also 10,000 tonnes

of cocoa beans a year, with the

first order to be delivered in
ber.

Septem! :
From Cuba. came enquiries

participating company, the
Executive Alabi Thomas
Furniture Services Ltd., was
exploring the possibility, of
joint venture arrangements for
Danian and wood products for

orrine Nigerian Mining Corpo-

54

ration also entered discussions
with_ foreign interests for.
limestone processing.

Mr Itegbe -also said that
Nigerian beeg, many of whose
brands were exhibited at the
fair, “caused quite a sensation.
Discussions went. on ‘for the
purchase of our beer and these
«will be followed up”.

- He said the Plovdiv fair was
chosen because Bulgaria was
well-located, surrounded “

countries? poter

He said. ‘the
participants were chosen purely
on commercial considerations,
based on’ indices om the
council’s register for assess-
ment of

Mr Itegbe suggested that a
commercial consulate of the
Nigerian mission should’ be
opened in Bulgaria to follow up
the business generated as well

_as new orders.



JPRS*SSA*86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SEGREGATED EDUCATION BLAMED FOR NATION'S ILLS
Johannesburg BUSINESS ‘DAY in English 27 May 86 p 9
[Article by Thelma Tuch]

[Text] Several top educationists blame segregation for the present erisis in
schools and stress the need for multi-cultural education.:

THE present disaster situation in SA
is a direct. result of educational
apartheid and not solely due to the
socio-economic and_ political sys-
tem, says Jacques Kriel, of Wits Uni-
versity’s Department of Medical
Education.

Kriel, previously rector of the Uni-
versity of Bophuthatswana, was. ad-
dressing a Press conference on multi-
cultural education at the Barclays Bank
training centre in Sandton.

He referred to enforced school
afartheid as a “recipe for disaster” and
said a just society was impossible with-

Enforced school apartheid
‘a recipe for disaster’.

out integration in the educational sys-
tem.

Clive Smith, acting ‘principal of

“ Mmabatho High — a non-racial state
school in Bophuthatswana which ca-
ters for children of 20 different lan-
guage groups and has achieved a high
Scaderic standard — said multi-cul-

tural education did not imply the low-

‘ering of academic standards.

For three years, more than 90% of
his school’s matric pupils passed, with
67% of them receiving matric exemp-_
tions. ' .

“This year, pupils from Mmabatho’
High scored among the top 3% of those .
who wrote the Science Olympiad in SA
and Bophuthatswana.



JPRS*SSA*86~06!
24 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

ZANU OFFICIAL DISCUSSES RISING CONSUMER PRICES
MB191531 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1528 GMT 19 May 86

{Text ] Harare, 18 May (SAPA)--Lack of communication between the ruling ZANU
(PF) Party, the government and the people on the escalating cost of basic
consumer goods is affecting the people's attitudes towards the state, a
senior party official, said in Harare today.

Mr Maurice Nyangumbo, the secretary for administration, told a rally in
Harare that communication between the people and various organs had been
poor on matters that affect their everyday lives, ZIANA news agency reports.

He was responding to queries regarding the cost of living, a matter which was
also questioned by the entire ZAPU (PF) central committee meeting in Highfield
yesterday and subsequently noted in a press statement.

"We accept that the commumication channels between the state, the party and
the people have been poor in this regard. The price rises are not beyond
our control because we import essential materials for the manufacture of
goods at exorbitant prices," he said.

On rising electricity charges, Mr Nyagumbo, a member of the party's politburo
and minister of state (political affairs and co-ordination of co-operatives)

said;

"The expanding Zimbabwean economy has forced us to import power from Zambia
at a cost of Zimdollar two million a month. In addition, we inherited the
Hwange thermal power project from Ian Smith and this is taking a lot of our
money to complete. We, therefore, need money and that is why power is becom-

ing expensive."

19274
cso: 3400/1883

72



/13046
cso:

By December 31, 1984 total
length of bitumen roads in the
country was 2,125.1 kilometres
as opposed to the figure of 431 at
the time of independence. Mean-
while a number of other major
road projects are underway in
various parts of the country.
Among these are Lirangwe-Mwa-
nza-Mozambique Border: Luwa-
wa turn-off - Champhoyo and
Nsanama-Nselema.

. There are about seventeen
semi-similar projects in the pipe-
line. These include the Dwangwa
- Nkhata Bay, Blantyre - Lira-
ngwe - Machembeya - Balaka,
Karonga - Chitipa, Champhoyo -
Mbowe and Karonga - Songwe -
Ibanda roads.

Significant progress has also
been made in respect of earth
roads. Most of these have either
been built or improved to all
weather standard.

In the north, in particular, an
emergency earth road has been
constructed from Karonga to
Songwe and linked to the
Tanzania road network at Ibanda.
This has been done to enable
some of Malawi's exports and
imports to be routed through
Dar-es-Salaam.

To boost the development and
maintenance of district roads the
government in 1979 launched a
programme in conjunction with
the International Development
Agency called district road
improvement and maintenance
programme (drimp). Under the
programme the Ministry of Works
and Supplies provides light
equipment, depot facilities and
limited housing in districts to
assist district councils in identify-
ing improvement and maintena-
nce priorities and training the
councils’ road personnel.

The programme is expected to
cover all districts in the country.

3400/1856

24

In the first phase, a pilot
scheme in Kasungu was suc-
cessfully completed covering a
total length of 425 kilometres of
district roads. Under the second
phase the programme was car-
ried‘out in Lilongwe, Chikwawa,
Karonga, Mangochi, Chitipa,
Dedza, Dowa, Machinga, Thyolo
and Ntcheu.

The third and last phase of the
programme is currently covering
the remaining districts. The pro-
gramme was originally expected
to end next year.

To supplement such efforts,
the government in 1984 with
UNDP support launched what is
known as village access roads
and bridges project. Under the
project the government provided
technicians, vehicles and mater-
ials and the work is carried out by
villagers on self help basis.

The project started in Nkhata
Bay and Mzimba and has now
moved to Chitipa. It is intended to
cover the whole Northen Region
and the rest of the country.

So far, according to the con-
troller of roads officiats in
Lilongwe 297 kilometres of
roads, 62 road bridges and 104
foot bridges have been built in
the Northern Region.

The project aims at expanding
further road access to villagers
who form an important point in
the country’s economic develop-
ment.

Financial contributions
towards the country’s road deve-
lopment efforts have come from
the United Kingdom, West Ger-
many, United States of America,
and international donor organi-
gations like European Economic

Community (EEC), U.N.D-P.,
International Development
Agency (IDA) and African

Development Bank.
Looking at the work so far
done, Malawi's road network has

really improved.



The New Nats

damaging to the NP’s own perceived interests if the
ANC were allowed to be a legitimate, unbanned
political party within the country. Anyhow, the 26-
year ban of the ANC has effectively been set aside
by black control of some townships in western and
eastern Cape. A ‘‘Free Mandela” rally in Cape Town
earlier this month, attended by over 2,000 people,
saw ANC flags by the score, ANC uniforms, rosettes
and the presence of the ANC Youth Brigade. A
speech by a leading black revolutionary thinker,
Johnny Issel (who has spent most of the past 16
years banned or detained), openly espoused’ the
ANC’s aims, and urged the crowd to come into the
open and support it. Meetings like this are now
widespread. The official ban on the ANC is thus a
nonsense.

The recent court ruling on the invalidity of arbi-
trary banning orders has led to the unbanning of
nearly all the country’s main opponents of apartheid,
including even those such as Roley Arstein, an ack-
nowledged communist. That the NP manifestly is
being’ overtaken by events has greatly encouraged
activists and intellectuals who were so dejected until
now that they had gone almost into hibernation.
Professor Jakes Gerwel, a leading pro-ANC black
intellectual in the Cape who was recently appointed
rector of the University of Western Cape, is address-
ing white audiences again after deciding three years
ago that it was a lost cause.

The strains of the past 18 months have been felt
throughout the white establishment, ranging from
the PFP, the press, commerce and industry, the
ranks of former United Party white conservatives,
and to the core of President Botha’s embattled
NP. The last is the most important. As previously
reported (AC Vol 26 No 22), Botha’s presidency is
grinding to an end. Not only are leading Afrikaner
politicians effectively campaigning for the presi-
dency, but the New Nats (see box) are threatening
to bust up the already diminished NP. The verligte/
verkrampte distinction is rapidly being turned by the
urgency of the situation into outright division.

Politically more radical than most members of the liberal white
PFP, they demand the total abolition of apartheid, the release
of Nelson Mandela and the unbanning of the ANC and other
political organisations. They then propose a geographic federation

is worked out at a constitutional conference. They oppose special
protection for ethnic minorities, believing that the individual's
right - to be enshrined in a Bill of Rights - should take precedence
‘over the rights of any ethnic group. But they want a lot of
devolution of central government’s executive and legislative pow-
ers, and hence demand some constitutional protection for the
regional components of their proposed federal system.



JPRS«SSA-86~066
24 June 1986

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

‘FICE BOMB THREAT-~Members of the gang in Pretoria's pay based in
portugal ceeently telephoned the Lisbon offices of the Angolan Ocean Freight
Agency (ANGONAVE), threatening to blow up the office in the next day or b
two. ‘The. Angolan embassy in Lisbon informed. Portuguese authorities so that
they could take emergency steps to safeguard Angolan.offices in Portugal,
including the physical safety of Angolan officials. Also, according to an
Angolan diplomatic source, African ambassadors in Lisbon should state their
position within the next few days on the support extended by the Unite:
States to UNITA terrorists and their unrestricted travel rights in Portugal.
[Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 20 Apr 86 p 1] 8844/9190

SWAPO ANNIVERSARY NOTED--Doukui de Castro, alternate member of the MPLA~Lab
Labor Party Central Committee and director of the Foreign Affairs Depart-
ment of the MPLA-Labor Party Central Committee, sent a message of congrat-
ulations to the Central Committee of SWAPO and the entire struggling
Namibian people on the occasion of the 26th anniversary of SWAPO's founding,
which was celebrated yesterday. In his message the alternate member of

the MPLA-Labor Party stressed that this date has great historical importance
because from that point forward the Namibian people began organizing the
political instrument which has enabled them to carry on an armed struggle
against the colonialist South African regime. Doukui de Castro added that
the terrorist and genocidal policy which the racist government of Pretoria
has unleashed against the Namibian people has forced SWAPO to mobilize the
entire population, achieving remarkable victories which have been translated
on the diplomatic level into every increasing support by the international
community for their just struggle. On this occasion, the alternate member
of the MPLA-Labor Party Central Committee reiterated firm and unshakable
support by the Angolan people and the MPLA-Labor Party for the Namibian
people and their vanguard, SWAPO, vehemently condemning all imperialist
intrigues distorting the colonial nature of the Namibian problem and
delaying enforcement of UN Security Council Resolution 435/76. [Text]
[Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 20 Apr 86 p 1] 8844/9190

FARMERS URGED TO INCREASE PRODUCTION--Lubango--The day before yesterday,
Huila Provincial Commissar Lopo de Nascimento, a member of the MPLA-Labor
Party Central Committee, visited Humpata, an important fruit-growing area



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

MUGABE'S MESSAGE TO DEFENSE COMMITTEE--In a speech read on his behalf, by
Comrade Simon Muzenda, the prime minister, Comrade Robert Mugabe, today

said there is an urgent need for all developing countries to ensure that
there is peace and security in their territories. The occasion was the
opening of the OAU Defense Commission Meeting in Harare today. Comrade Mugabe
said this would enable development programs to be fully implemented. He said
without peace and security there cannot be success in Africa's endeavors to
improve its-socioeconomic status. The prime minister noted that one of the
problems OAU member states are facing is the lack of financial resources to
effect military operations. [Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 1600
GMI 27 May 86 MB] /9274

cso: 3400/1883

73



bloodied tatterdemalions, his
storm-troopers. .
Ina white cloud of fire ex-
tinguisher powder and
inned by the TV spotlights,
fe appears the beneficiary of
azany special effects depart-
ment — MNerre Blanche resur-
rected.

WH The AWB have all the
high ground except the pure-
ly moral, the National Party
the centre ground on the
floor. Neither will allow the
other side to talk so they sing,
taunt, chant and alternately
fight for an hour.

“What next?” demands an,
angry, elderly lady to a
friend as she brushes away:
an AWB banner held mock-:
ingly just over her head by a
16-year-old stormtrooper on
the stage. :

WA phalanx of ban-
ners — so reminiscent of
another time — now lines
the stage. Triumphant
stormtroopers shout dis-

jointed phrases and
\otch-potch racist philos-
ophies straight into the
relentless eyes of the
foreign TV cameras.

Hl An end: the police
arrive; a brigadier and a
constable waving a tear-

as canister in front of
im rather like an aerosol
deodorant demonstration.

Five minutes are given to
disperse and five seconds lat-
er the first teargas canister
sails into the crowd. A rush
for the doors.

The humiliation, more
than the ain, is enormous.
But still AWB leaders urge
the crowd not to take their
anger out on the police —
they are only doing their job.

ome resist: a few stones
are lobbed.

112379
Cso: 3400/1871

I Outside Marie van Zyl
of the Kappie | Comman lo,
bent double in her Voortrek-
ker costume, coughs, cries
and retches. These new fron-
tiers of fortitude are not
missed. by begs a

jomebody near!

Press photographer, “Take a
photograph of our suffering
‘women, see what they are do-
ing to our people.”

‘he photographer — he
has seen women crying from
teargas elsewhere many
times before — shakes his
head in amusement.

And the symbolism?

It suffused the Pietersburg
meeting. The National Party
called the meeting with their
most trusty war-horse as
main speaker precisely be-
cause they wanted to con-
front these new lions of the
inorth.

.t° And-the ultra-right saw it:

as the definitive victory com-
ing after Nelspruit and Brits
whi

ich would once and for all’.

put the Northern Transvaal
out of bounds to Ministers
and representatives ‘of the

Government; a political no-
0 area held by the Boere
epubliek.

‘he issue at Pietersburg on
‘Thursday was not debate — it
was war. And the far-right
won. Terre Blanche, in ab-
surd hyperbole, claimed

Pietersburg as a-God-given -

victory like Blood River.
a
Rubicon
subicon
And a sombre Pik Botha
told the 500-odd Nationalists
who had braved fire and wa-
ter to father at the National
Party headquarters after the
meeting that their mere
presence. was testimony to

fhe possibility of peaceful
change in South Africa.

79

"ment than bla

Both the far-right and the
Government passed Rubi-
cons of sorts at Pietersburg.

The brawling in the Jack
Botes Hall seals the AWB's
clear intention to move into
violent and activist politics.
‘The content of the political
‘debate-is not at issue; it is
now the principle of debate
itself.

For the Government, also,
it had to become some sort of
Rubicon when the first tear-
gas canister arced into the

‘crowd,

There have been confron-
tations between the far-right
and the police before: an
HNP march to former Prime
Minister Vorster’s residence,
face-offs at Monument Kop-
pie about the right to use

facility.

But Pietersburg’s Botes
Hall has given the far-right in
South Africa a battle cry. It is
perverse.

Tearsmoke

The far-right have nothing
to complain about from the
police except over-hasty use
of teargas; certainly they re-
ceived more Gentle treat-

ick South Afri-
cans could expect or would
likely receive.

The AWB stormed a public
meeting, hijacked proceed-
ings, destroyed property, in-

' timidated citizens and arbi-

trarily assaulted members of
‘the Press. They acted — in
other words — like the thugs

xy are. <

Pietersburg was not Peter-
loo or the 1905 Nevsky Pro-
‘spekt: shootings; but in the
perversion of fact it will be-
come so in far-right circles.

Already the battered Botes
Hall — it is so new that most
Pietersburgers have never
used it — is being called in
right-wing circles the “Hall
of Tears”. ad



JPRSSSA~86*066
24 June 1986

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

OATUU SECRETARIAT CHARGES OAU MISHANDLING CONTROVERSY
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 20 May 86 p 8
[Article by Lloyd Evans]

[Text] The Secretariat of the Organisation of African Trade Union Unity
(OATUU) has strongly protested to the Secretary-General of the Organisation of
African Unity (OAU) on the discriminatory tendencies exhibited by the five-
member committee elected to inquire and resolve the conflict that is raging on
between the Secretariat and other member unions.

At the last OAU Commission of Labour Ministers which ended on April 9, this

year at Addis Ababa, a.committee of five representatives from Benin, Congo,

Zambia, Egypt and Ethiopia was formed to arrange a meeting between the OATUU
and the groups to resolve the conflict.

The Ghana Government was also to be invited to provide the documents on how
the extraordinary conference was conducted in Accra in February this year.

Mr Denis Akumu, Secretary-General of the OATUU who was speaking to the
"Graphic" in an interview yesterday on the outcome of the meeting said that
neither OATUU nor the Ghana Government was invited to the meeting.

He said it was through the Ghana Ambassador in Ethiopia that the Secretariat
and the Ghana Government got to know that the meeting was in progress.

At the OATUU congress held in Accra, a splinter group of the Organisation
was formed with the sole aim of kicking out the incumbent Secretary-General
Mr Denis Akumu.

This seemingly dissident group walked out of the congress after their motion
of no confidence in the Secretary-General had been rejected.

Leading the group are the Trade Unions of Niger and Senegal who had incidental-
ly met in Senegal a week prior to the Accra extraordinary congress.

Mr Akumu said the invitation to this meeting was extended to this splinter
group and the OAU Labour Commission Chairman who is based in Senegal was
invited as an observer.



~ He drew attention to the need for “drastic:
action” on the economy, without which South
Africa would suffer even more severely from

+ “grave unemployment and lower company
Profits”.

/12379
cso: 3400/1868

107



JPRS«SSA=86+066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SADF CRITICIZES LEBOWA POLICE

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 May 86 p 17

[Article by’ Hannes de Wet]

[Text]

A lack of co-operation between the Defence Force
and the Lebowa police appears to be hampering the
hunt for the “comrades” who are supposedly behind
the unrest and intimidation on the border between
Steelpoort and Lebowa.

A member of the Defence Force told The Star that
his unit last week managed to pin down a key tle-
ment of the “comrades” across the border in Sekhuk-
huneland.

They were handed over to the Lebowa police.

“A few days later we saw the same people walking.
around as free as birds. All were released by the
Lebowa police,” the soldier said.

According to him groups of soldiers go on nightly
patrols on foot to try and “smell out troublemakers”,

/12828

cso: 3400/1849

“We have been quite successful so far — but what
is the use if the Lebowa police release the people
again?” .

Farmers in the area said they had been receiving
less threats since the contingent of soldiers and police
had been strengthened.

However, farmers are still suffering losses because
of “sabotage” to their property.

Mrs AMM Pretorius said there had been an at-
tempt earlier this week to burn down a mealie crop
on the farm of Mr Christo Louw.

“Fortunately there was no wind and they were able
to douse the flames. Only about Iha was burnt
down.”

She also told of a tobacco farmer whose large shed
was completely burnt down a few days ago.

77



the degree of terrorism in
South Africa itself, and not
even Government members
were unanimous on whether the
raids were well timed.

World leaders joined in the
chorus of condemnation and
South Africa stood accused of
committing perhaps its most
serious and {ll-timed military
bungle yet, not to speak of
mounting pressure for action on
diplomatic, economic and other
fronts.

Mr Nel, on the other hand,
is adamant the raids were suc-
cessful from any point of view.

Firstly, South Africa had
scored an important military
and strategic victory.

Second, in psychological
terms; the outcome acted as a
morale booster at home and a
warning to the ANC and the
countries offering it sanctuary.

The primary function of the
mission, said Mr Nel, was to
disrupt ANC infiltration and
supply routes from which many
of the 253 ANC attacks in South
Africa in the past two years
had sprung.

It is generally believed the
ANC has intensified its move-
ments along the Lusaka-Bo-
tswana route across the border
into the north-western Trans-
vaal.

Minister Scoffs at Zimbabwean Intelligence

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 10

[Article by Kitt Katzin]

[Text]

THE government has denied it tipped off intelli-
gence agents in neighbouring countries to warn
ANC operatives and others of an imminent attack
by South African forces.

Although pamphlets urging locals not to inter-
fere with the raid were scattered around. target
areas in Zimbabwe and Botswana — but not ap-
parently in Zambia, where ANC installations near
Lusaka were bombed from the air — no warnings
were issued ahead of any of the attacks.

This was said by Mr Louis Nel, Deputy Minister

of Information, who not only rejected reports of
early warnings but scathingly accused Zimbab-
wean intelligence of trying to save face.

He was commenting on reports from Harare
that agents of the Zimbabwean Central Intelli-
gence Organisation (CIO) had warned ANC mem-
bers to move from their homes two hours before
the SADF attacked ANC offices and an ANC safe
house in Harare.

As a result, the Zimbabwean public had been
led to believe that either the CIO had infil-
trated South Africa’s intelligence service, or news
of the raid had been leaked to them by South

Africa as a means of minimising casualties.

Both theories were discounted by Mr Nel, who
went on to say that in the case of the Harare
attack, the Zimbabwean government was trying
to create the impression that its intelligence ser-
vice was highly active’and effective.

“According to our information,” said Mr Nel, “I
can give the assurance that this is not the case:
Zimbabwe's intelligence force is in fact simply
just not good enough.” -

103

JPRS*SSA*86*066
24 June 1986



JPRS-S54-86.966
June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NP GOVERNMENT BEING OVERTAKEN BY BLACK, NEW NATS OPPOSITION

London AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL in English 23 Apr 86 pp 3-6

[Text] The National Party (NP) government, having already
lost the political initiative, is rapidly being overtaken
both by black opposition and by more pragmatic
whites, particularly the ‘‘New Nationalist’ (New
Nats) group of Afrikaners, which now believe in the
desirability - and inevitability - of majority black
rule, The erosion of apartheid and white government
has accelerated faster during the past few months
than anticipated. President P.W. Botha’s govern-
ment has only a 50:50 chance of surviving the next
12 months.

Black organised opposition has been given a big
psychological boost by a remarkable, sustained con-
viction that the ‘‘final phase’” towards the transfer
of power to blacks has been entered, decisively. One
important turning-point was last month’s ‘‘national
education crisis committee’? conference in Durban.
The conference decided that black pupils, who had
boycotted classes for months, should return to their
desks. Behind this move lies some of the most
sophisticated revolutionary theory to emerge within
the country’s divided black opposition since the
African National Congress (ANC) and Pan-African-
ist Congress (PAC) were banned in 1960. It is
articulated notably by Zwelakhe Sisulu (son of Wal-
ter Sisulu who is serving a life sentence with Nelson
Mandela) and his mother Albertina Sisulu, a patron
of the United Democratic Front (UDF) and a highly-
respected veteran of the black struggle.

Zwelakhe, a former president of the Black Con-
sciousness-oriented Media Workers’ Association of
South Africa, has been detained or banned for
much of the past five years. Coming from the same
generation of the equally impressive Thabo Mbeki
(ANC director of information), he straddles the gap
between ageing black nationalists and the alienated
young blacks now spear-heading the township violen-
ce.

88



PEUGOT PLANS LOCAL COMPONENT PRODUCTION PROJECTS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Article by Aliyu Modibbo]

[Text]

/13046
cso:

THE Managing Director

of Peugeot Automobile of ,

Nigeria Limited (PAN)
Mr. Daniel Lange, has said
the company would esta-
blish 15 projects in Kaduna.

He told the Governor of
Kaduna State, Lt.-Colonel
Abubakar Umar, at
Government House on
Monday evening that the
projects worth 60 million
Naira were for the produc-.
tion of its components.

He said the plan followed
the company’s desire to
reduce the over-depen-
dence on the Federal
Government for foreign ex-
change to import CKD
parts from France.

In the package are a
press shop, a plant for the
production of bumpers and
another for electrical com-
ponents manufacture.

Mr. Lange said that the
three million Naira import
licence approved for the

3400/1859

56

company for the importa-

tion of the completely Imock-
ed down parts this year

was insufficient. He said it
would not last for even one
and a half days production.

Mr. Lange said the com-
pany had distributors
throughout the country and
would not hesitate to drop
anyone of them found wan-

ing.

He appealed for more
land to enable the company
carry out its development
plans

Governor Abubakar
Umar said the problems of
the company had been
compounded "by its total
dependence on government
for foreign exchange.

He urged the company to
produce some, of its comn-
ponents locally which could
be exported in the future to
earn foreign exchange.

He promised to assist the
company to acquire land
for its development.

JPRS*SSA+86~066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA



EXTERNAL RESERVE LEVEL REMAINS STABLE

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 19 May 86 p 1

[Article by Roseline Umesi]

[Text ]

IE level of exter-

f nal reserve in the.
last three months
had remained stable

million 1.M.F. gold
tranche; "6.2 million

«Special Drawing Rights.

(SDR).

According to the statistics,
the level of foreign reserve
has maintained a fair level
since December 1985. For

$30 (about N28 to N30) a barrel
in 1986. oe
Although the’ level © of
foreign reserve has been
fairly high since the
beginning . of the year,
however many observers
-argued that this should’ not
give comfort to the managers:

despite the fall in the example the level of external, OF the economy, because

pfice of curde oil.

“According to the
latest publication of
Assets.and Liabilities of
the Central Bank, the
foreign reserve level for
the month of February
1986 was N1.8 billion.
This was made ‘up of
N19 million gold; §1.74
billion foreign
government securities
and balances with
foreign. banks; 3.8

19274

CSO: 3400/1887

reserve for the month of
December 1985 was 1.6
billion. And in January 1986 it
increased to §1.7 billion, The
February's figure represented
an increase of 4100 million
when compared with that of
January 1986.

When compared with the

in 1985, the February 1986
figure represented an increase
of ‘N600 million despite the
fact that the price of crude oil
was stable at between $28 to

import licences -have just
been issued, while many
have not been claimed
because of various conditions
which some state
governments attached. -

It is obvious that many
owners of import licences
have not yet met the local
conditions such as advance
payment of import duty or
have not been able to. open
letters of credit, meant for that
foreign exchange outflow has
been minimal, and therefore
must be responsible for the
increase in foreign reserve.

In this situation whereby.

the country has not been
importing a lot because of
late issuance’ of import
licences. it then meant that
the country’ should’ have
accumulated more foreign
“reserve.
, The fear is that . when
importers start utilizing the
1986 import licences that the
level of foreign reserve will
start falling.

Currency in circulation for
the month of February 1986

52

TPRS*SSA+86066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

jremained high at N5.2 billion,
iccording to Assets and
Liabilities of CBN. This
pares” favourably with
lat of Jenuary at 45.2 billion
‘in January-1986,

Several financial analysts
continue to.argue that unless
the rate- of inflation is
checked through increased
supply of consumer uw
industrial goods that the
value of currency in
circulation will remain ‘high,
because a consumer needs
more money to buy the same
quantity of goods and
services. which could have
been bought with less money
a few years ago.



JPRS~S84~86~066
4 June 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

GOLD TREATMENT PLANT-~A 2.4-million pounds sterling (about 314.8 million
cedis) contract for the design and supply of gold treatment plant for the
Ashanti Goldfields Corporation (AGC) at Obuasi has been awarded to the
British construction and engineering firm--Davy Mckee. A London Press Ser-
vice dispatch yesterday said the order was placed by AGC as part of a modern-
isation programme to raise gold production at the mine from 250,000 to 400,000
ounces per year. The new plant, due to be commissioned next year, would
provide a more economic gold recovery system capable of handling 3,000 tonnes
a day of leached ore to extract gold by absorption using activated carbon in
place of the existing zinc-based system. The facility would also be able to
treat up to 3,000 tonnes a day of dump talings-~extracting residual gold
from solidified slurry waste. A spokesman for the constructing firm said
the company would also assist in construction and commissioning work on site.
[Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 13 May 86 p 1] /9274

‘NOBISTOR' SHIP CASE--Mr Henrique Dela Guardia, a Special envoy of Argentina's
Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Dante Caputo has delivered to the government a
number of documents relating to the arrest of the Panama registered ship
"Nobistor". The ship was carrying large tonnes of arms for dissidents to
destabilise the Ghana Government. Dr Obed Asamoah, Secretary for Foreign Af-
fairs who received the documents yesterday told newsmen after the presentation
that the government will study the documents so that investigations could be
completed. He said to get the full picture of what was intended, it was
eseential to get Argentine's side of the story. The Secretary pointed out that
the ship was carrying eight mercenaries and 10 other crew members and that those
people were to be joined by other group of mercenaries before the attack on the
country was to be effected. Dr Asamoah disclosed that the trial has begun in
Brazil and that the Argentines are also carrying out their investigations as
some of her nationals were involved in the plot to destabilise the revolution
of Ghana and if their involvement:is found to be true, they would be tried.
[Excerpt] [By Lloyd Evans] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 14 May

86 p 1] /9274

LIBYA ISLAMIC SOCIETY CONTRIBUTION-~The International Islamic (CALL) Society
based in Libya is to support the construction of a £50-million school building
complex at Tema by the Tema Muslim Community. The Kamaria Arabic and English
School which is sited at Community seven will comprise a three-storey school
block and offices, a mosque, a library, staff bungalows, canteen and recrea~
tional grounds. Mr Ali Abujaldin, Cultural Attache at the Libyan Embassy who
is also a member of the Ghana branch of the society, pledged the society's



The newspaper industry in the territory was struggling to compete with the SWA
Broadcasting Corporation.

"The SWABC TV is furthermore subsidised by the government so that in the final
analysis it means the government levies a tax on advertisements and uses the
SWABC to give newspapers, who are having a rought time already, stiff competi-
tion in the advertisement market," he said.

Mr Mudge said non-loan revenue for the current financial year was expected to
be R1,;405.2 million which represented a 30 percent increase on last year's
R1,078.9 million.

Revenue from SWA/Namibia's own resources was expected to be R938.2 million
which was a 26 percent increase on the previous financial year's R743.8 mil-
lion. :

South Africa's direct contribution to the SWA/Namibian treasury rose by
RL31.9 million to R466.9 million.

Customs and excise payments rose from R250 million last’ year to R350 million
this year.

Mr Mudge said it was the government's objective to put the territory on a
sound financial footing with a limited loan programme.

"I am pleased to say that we plan to finance this year's budget without con-
tracting any new loans on the capital markets," he said.

Capital expenditure was estimated at R200.3 million which was R19.5 million
less than the last financial year.

Capital projects amounting to R113.7 million would be allotted to the private
sector, but it was estimated that a further R33.2 million of capital projects
undertaken by the government itself would flow into the private sector in the
form of purchases of materials.

Mr Mudge said the real Gross Domestic Product in SWA/Namibia rose by ‘0.2 per-
cent in 1985 compared to a decline of 3.3 percent and 0.6 percent respectively
in 1984 and 1983.

Real private consumption expenditure decreased by 4.6 percent in 1985 com-
pared to decreases of 2.4 percent and 3.7 percent in 1984 and 1983.

The surplus on the current account of the balance of payments amounted to
R341 million for 1985 compared to R140 million in 1984.

“This vast improvement is mainly attributable to buoyant exports on the one
hand and subdued exports on the other," Mr Mudge said. .

"This combination led to a substantial trade surplus of R342 million in’1985 as
opposed to a trade deficit of R72 million in 1984." Mr Mudge said the founda-
tion had been laid for an improvement in the economy which he expected to
materialize in the short term.

19274
cso: 3400/1882 43



S.P. Okongwu, minister of finance, read
on his behalf by the federal budget direc-
tor, Omawale Kuye, presented the posi-
tion of government. He noted that there
were several contentious views on govern-
ment decision to privatise. He agreed that
these ‘‘views have to reconcile themselves
before we can have meaningful privatisa-
tion.”

Okongwu believes that the crucial issue
is on the efficiency of the production
system, He said: ‘‘We all know that
higher productivity and production will
lead to higher standard of living and
welfare, higher level of employment and
to a continuous re-investment of profits.””
The minister wants the government to em-
brace the ownership type that can effect
the most efficient production system.
Okongwu says it is shameful that on
federal government investment of loan
and equity worth about N23 billion, less
than 8400 million is realised annually, and
that the companies concerned still receive
fund from the treasury on an annual
basis.

‘Omawale Kuye explained that govern-
ment has decided to privatise only about
four billion naira of its total investment.
Kuye made efforts to allay the fears of
ethnic domination in owning shares of
privatised companies.

George Akamiokhor, executive director
of SEC, told the 200 restless participants.
that the concern of: President Ibrahim
Babangida, expressed in his budget speech
that ‘“‘care will be taken to avoid the
divested holdings from being concentrated
in the hands of few individuals or few
areas of the country,’’ was being ade-
quately addressed by the commission.
Akamiokhor said that the feasible way of
achieving the goal of ‘wide-spread owner-
ship is for all the affected companies, as
much as possible, to be converted into
public limited liability companies.

On conversion, he pointed out, ‘they
become subject to both the valuation and
allotment roles of the commission.”
Akamiokhor believes very strongly. that
SEC’s policy of not allowing any one in-
dividual to own more than five percent of
the shares of any particular company can

47

only be applied if the federal parastatals
are not s@ld by private placement.

The Chief of General Staff, Com-
modore Ebitu Ukiwe, in his press briefing
last month, announced that “two dairy
companies — the Nigerian Dairy Com-
pany and the Mandara Dairies — have
been advertised for sale to private in-
terest.’’ Seminar participants maintain
that the most effective way of concen-
trating the divested holdings in few hands
is by putting them up for sale privately, as
the government had just done.

Osamaro Ibie, retired federal perma-
nent secretary, said that when a govern-
ment is confronted with the task of
restructuring its economy through
privatisation, it meets with strong opposi-
tion frorh heavily: entrenched interest
groups, for whom state parastatals and
businesses constitute a power base. Ibie
believes that the public sector has reached
its saturation point in the ‘“over-reach-
ment’’ of itself in the market place. Any
further inroads into public ownership of
business enterprises, he continued, can
only give rise to a diminishing marginal
return,

In Nigeria, Ibie emphasized, there are
now clear indications that government
cannot operate efficiently and effectively
as a business manager. He said: “The time
has, therefore, come for government to
de-emphasise its participatory role in the
business sector.’’ Ibie explained that for
privatisation to be meaningful, govern-
ment must start by selling shares in its
profit-making businesses since the
“public sector is as reluctant to sell off
profit-making companies as the private
sector is unwilling to buy loss-making ven-
tures.” .

Ernest Wilson III, professor of Public
Studies; University of Michigan, told the
seminar that the privatisation process is
always long and windy. It requires a lot of
caution as one’ false move could jeopar-
dise the ‘entire process, he said. As for
Nigeria, Wilson said it has taken 25 years
to build the huge federal government in-
vestment; it would be asking too much for
all that huge investment to be unloaded in
just two years, .

. Arthur Mbanefo, the retiring managing
director of AW Consultants, spoke in



What's COSATU's response to the attempts by Chief Gasha Buthelezi to organise a
separate trade union federation?

Our most fundamental objection to Inkatha and the Kwazulu government of which
he is head is our opposition to homelands or bantustans. We see that as an
attempt to balkanise South Africa, to divide the unity of the oppressed and to
dilute their energies. We have stated our committment to a unitary state and a
democratic government that is based on one person, one vote.

How do you see the future of the struggle shaping up?

We are convinced that change will come about, that the people will-be
victorious in spite of the genocide they are perpetrating against us, in spite
of the support the regime has from the governments of the United States, West
Germany and Britain. What we have asked of the frontline states and other
democracies throughout the world is that they must acknowledge that change is
inevitable and that any attempt to protect their short-term interests will only

jeopardise their long-term interests.

112379 _
80: 3400/1867 ; , : kta .



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

MENGISTU OFFERS MILITARY TRAINING--Nairobi--Ethiopian President Mengistu
Haile Mariam has offered to train and arm 10 000 combatants from South Africa
and Namibia to help fight Pretoria's white, minority-ruled government,
Ethiopia's governmnet-owned radio reported yesterday. The radio, monitored
in Nairobi, said Mr Mengistu made the offer during a meeting in his capital,
Addis Ababa, with envoys from Botswana, Mozambique, Zaire and Zimbabwe and
representatives of the African National Congress and the South West Africa
Peoples Organisation. The meeting was held to discuss South Africa's military
raids against Zimbabwe, Botswana and Zambia a week ago. Addis Ababa radio

. said Mengistu had sent a message to the ANC leader, Mr Oliver Tambo and to
Mr Sam Nujoma of Swapo offering to arm and train their fighters.--Sapa-
Associated Press. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 26 May 86 p 1]
/13046 ‘

FRG ORGANIZATION OFFERS FAMINE AID--The West German-based Humanitarian
Organization Menschen Fur Menschen (People To People) is to provide 40 million
Birr (about 20 million dollars) to help thousands of famine-afflicted
Ethiopians relocated to fertile agricultural lands under an agreement signed
in Addis Ababa. The money is to be used to build clinics, and schools,
provide drinking water supplies, fight pests and improve livestock for some
27,000 families relocated in Western Illubabor Province under the Government's
massive but controversial resettlement programme. It will also finance soil
conservation and land development projects in northern Wollo province.
Austrian actor and Menschen Fur Menschen founder Karl-Heinz Bohm signed the
agreement with Ethiopian deputy relief and rehabilitation commissioner Taye
Gurmu on Monday. Menschen Fur Menschen was one of the first charities to
assist the resettlement operation. [Text] [Kano THE TRIUMPH in English

1 May 86 p 11] /13046

EA SERVICE ADDS LUANDA ROUTE--Ethiopian Airlines, which flies to 22 destina-
tions in Africa, will from June 3 this year, expand its services to Luanda,
Angola, according to press release issued yesterday by the Airlines Area
Office in Dar es Salaam. It said the additional destination to the Airlines,
"already extensive Africa route network" was a move to realize the Airlines'
"commitment to facilitate inter-African travel and commerce, thereby
strengthening its role of serving the African continent." The flight to
Angola will be from Addis Ababa every Tuesday with a Boeing 727, the release
said. [Text] [Dar es Salaam DAILY NEWS in English 9 May 86 p 5] /13046

cso: 3400/1762



NEW 5 PERCENT SALES TAX ON MANUFACTURED GOODS ANNOUNCED

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 18 May 86 pp 1, 2

[Article by Momodu Yakubu]

{Text J

yu will have to pay more for goods manufactured in Nigeria.

with effect from next month.

With the exception of treated agricultural produce,all manu-,
factured goods will attract 5 per cent sales tax, a decree just Ppro-

mulgated in Lagos.

Titled Decree No. 7 and published in a Federal Government gazette, it says
that various services offered by hotels, motels, catering establishments, ,

restaurants and other personal ger-
vice establishments with effect from
June i, 1986, will attract 5 per cent
tax.

" The taxable goods include beer,
wine, liquor,and spirits, soft drinks
{including mineral water), cigarettes
and tobacco, jewels and jewelleries,
peffumes and cosmetics, excluding
toiletries.

Others include, electrical and elec-
tronic equipment, video recorders,
Stereo sets; radio and television sets,
video cassettes and cameras.

Airconditioners, "fans, : deep
freezers, carpets, rugs and bottled
natural water are also to attract the
sales tax.

According to the decree, a carton/
ftate of beer would attract a tax of
(86k while @ crate of soft drink (inclu-
ding mineral waterpattracts 24k.

All other range uf products and

19274
CSO: 3400/1886

services would attract 5 per cent
sales tax, .

The decree mandated the.

manufacturers, importers and sup-
pliers of these taxable products to,
within 30 days after the supply of
these goods or services to accredit-
ed distributors, agents or consumers,
Collect from them the sales tax and:
pay same to the appropriate state
authority on or before the 30th day
of the month next following that in
which taxis due.

The question is, “should the sales
tax be on the prevailing market price
or should the price of the products
go up by the amount of tax imposed
by the government, asked one com.
pany executive who refused to be
named.

Alhaji H. Sotayo, a distributor for
P.Z. Industries described the sales
tax decree as unworkable and un-
called for at this time when the cost

51

JPRS~SSA~86+066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

“of consumer goous in’ the

market are gradually getting
out of “the reach of the
common man,

Some company executives
said that their goods are
already over burdened
various charges from the
government.

“We pay import duty on
raw materials, 30 per cent
consolidated import

: levy
‘excise duty on manufactured

goods, various port charges,

we pay staff salaries, pay
‘taxes on. factory

and all forms of overhead ex-
penses and now sales taxes”,

declared a chief executive of

@ manufacturing company in
tkeja. a

“The executive who wants

to remain anonymous said

that his company wourd re-

quire a special account

department to monitor the

‘sales tax collection from cus-

tomers.
“It is better that the govern-
ment rescinded this decree in

the interest of industrial

owth of the nation”, he
irr eau ret



Peugot

Plans Local Component Production Projects
(Aliyu Modibbo; NEW NIGERIAN, 14 May 86) ....cseececececeee

Government Freezes Car Prices, Chides Assemblers for Sale Refusals

(NEW NIGERIAN, 14 May 86) wececssceccccsvcusevcecevcseences

Lukman Announces April Oil Sales Revenue

(DAILY TIMES, 22 May 86) ..cccceccecvcccccecccevccncseecses

Petroleum Industry Workers Strike Disrupts Fuel Supply

(DAILY TIMES, 20 May 86; BUSINESS TIMES, 19 May 86) .......

Depot Activities Paralyzed
LPG Prices Skyrocket, by Dapo Ajibola

Abuja Control Tower Equipment Installed

(Suleiman Dangana; NEW NIGERIAN, 17 May 86) ..eccsseeceeces

Railway Corporation Slated To Receive Additional Equipment

(NEW NIGERIAN, 17 May 86) ...ccececececececcccecerccececece

Lack of Storage Forces Farmers To Destroy Produce

Briefs

ZIMBABWE

(Rolake Omonubi; NEWSWATCH, 19 May 86) .......csececececees

Liberation Movement Aid

Polisario Official Meets With Prime Minister

Mugabe

CAPS, 24 May 86) cescecceccesevevcecccceccerevceveuseceeene

Discusses Air Force ‘Advanced Brigade'
(Harare Domestic Service, 24 May 86) .ececccececececececece

Muzenda Calls for More Vigilance After Raids

(SAPA, 25 May 86) .eccccccvececccecccrceccccccseeresecnctes

Information Minister Opens PANA Conference

(Various sources, 24, 29 May 86) .....seseee cece eee eeeeeee

Urges Increased Activities
Further Report of Speech
Interview With PANA Director

ZANU Official Discusses Rising Consumer Prices

Briefs

(SAPA, 19 May 86) .ececcccevecvcucevcecevcuccecerenestentes

Mugabe's Message to Defense Committee

-da-

56

57

58

59

59

59

61

62

63

65

66

67

68

73



JPRS“SSA*86~0
24 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

MUZENDA CALLS FOR MORE VIGILANCE AFTER RAIDS
MB260505 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1707 GMT 25 May 86

[Text] Harare, 25 May (SAPA)--The recent South African raid on Zimbabwe
must never happen again, and Zimbabweans should be more vigilant and cooper-
ate with security forces against saboteurs and political malcontents, ZANU''s s
(PF) vice president, Mr Simon Muzenda, said today.

ZIANA reports Mr Muzenda made the remarks while addressing thousands of party
supporters gathered to commemorate the 23rd anniversary of the founding of the
organisation of African unity.

He called on Zimbabweans to flush out the enemies of the state and avoid a re-
currence of the recent South African bombings against African National Congress

targets.

"The recent South African raids should serve as a lesson and the people must

be vigilant and cooperate with law-enforcement agents to avoid a’ recurrence."

Mr Muzenda said it was because of African unity that countries like Zimbabwe,
Mozambique, Angola and Botswana were liberated.

He called on Zimbabweans to be united against all forces who wanted to see
Africa divided.

"Africa Day is a symbol of African unity--United we will succeed," he said,
adding that the OAU would not rest until SWA/Namibia, South Africa and the
entire continent was free.

19274
csO: 3400/1883

68



priority was assigned to the bitu-
minisation of the main roads
mostly to what is termed class 1
bitumen standard.

The secondary roads provided
inter and intra links between
sub-activity centres and main
roads. Much of these consists of
earth roads. However, work for
improving these to bitumen
standard is also being speeded
up and those so improved are
done to what is termed class ll
bitumen standard.

The district road network
primary service is to form or to
make feeder routes. These are
widely spread throughout the
country and are maintained by
district council with grants from
the central government.

The main and secondary roads
are the. responsibility of the
central government while support
for the branch, estate, agricultur-
al and township roads varies
according to circumstances.

At the time Malawi became
indepedent there were very few
all weather roads. Bitumen roads
totalling to only 431 kilometres
were found mainly in the South-
ern Region.

After indepedence the govern-
ment. spared no effort and
embarked on an intensified road
construction and maintenance
programme. The main arteries of
the road network to be developed
were to connect with the main
urban centres, rail heads, lake
ports, mountain and lake resorts
and border posts at international
crossing points to link with the
road network of neighbouring

countries.

These were also to serve the
agricultural hinterland in the
country.

Among the most immediate
priorities in this regard were to
replace with bridges the ferries
then existing at. Chiromo, Chi-
kwawa, Liwonde, Mangochi and
Chia.

23

The accident of the ferry at
Liwonde on May 23, 1965 in
which 70 people lost their lives
emphasised the need to replace
the ferries in the country.

The Liwonde barrage came
into service as a road bridge in
August 1965. The last ferry to be
replaced was the Chiromo ferry
in 1977 when the existing rail-
way bridge was adapted to take
both road and rail traffic.

The immediate priorities also
included the construction of a
good quality paved highway from
Zomba to Lilongwe in conjunction
with the relocation of the capital
from Zomba to Lilongwe and
lakeshore road from Mangochi to
Karonga.

The latter was one of the Life
President's Gwelo prison
dreams. It was aimed at opening
the fertile agricultural land that is
found in the areas affected.

The first major road construc-
tion work for providing bitumen
road surface started with the
Zomba-Lilongwe road in 1968
and was completed in 1972. The
291 kilometre highway road was
the first of a new generation of
trunk roads built to geometric
standards and pavement specifi-
cations higher than those pre-
viously applied in the country.

Its pavement width was 6.7
metres (22 feet). To date consi-
derable lengths of the main roads
have been completed to bitumen
class | standards and many more
projects are in various stages of
planning and construction to
such grade.

Major roads bituminised in the
country so far include the Blan-
tyre - Chikwawa - Bangula,
Lilongwe - Kasungu - Jenda -
Luwawa turn - off, Mzuzu -
Ekwendeni - John Mzumara -
Kacheche - Chiweta - Chilumba -
Karonga, Mzuzu - Balaka -
Liwonde - Monkey Bay - Salima -
Senga Bay and Liwonde -
Nsanama, Nkhotakota - Kasungu
- Mchinj - Salima - Lilongwe and
Blantyre - Muloza.



JPRS*SSA~86%066
24 June 1986

ZIMBABWE

POLISARIO OFFICIAL MEETS WITH PRIME MINISTER
LD241522 Algiers APS in English 1442 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] Harare, 24 May (APS)--Ibrahim Hakim, Politburo member of the Polisario
Front and SDAR minister of information, was on a visit. in Zimbabwe where he
was audienced by the Zimbabwean foreign affairs minister, a Saharan official
communique announced on Thursday. .

The Saharan minister met the front line countries foreign ministers, who are
holding a conference in Harare, the communique pointed out.

Bilateral relations between SDAR and these countries, the international situ-
ation, notably the situation in northwest Africa and. in southern Africa were
examined.

Ibrahim Hakim was audienced during his visit by Prime Minister Robert Mugabe
to whom he delivered a message from President Mohamed Abdelaziz, SDAR presi-
dent, secretary general of the Polisario Front. During this audience, the
Saharan minister of information renewed the solidarity of the SDAR people
and government with peoples and government of Zimbabwe, Botswana and Zambia
victim of a coward and ignoble aggression of Pretoria's racist regime," the
communique carried on. [as received]

19274
cso: 3400/1883

66



PETROLEUM INDUSTRY WORKERS STRIKE DISRUPTS FUEL SUPPLY

Depot Activities Paralyzed

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 20 May 86 p 1

[Text ]
FUEL supplies from
two NNPC depots in Lagos
‘and Ogun states were dis-
‘rupted yesterday because

‘of a strike by workers in”

the petroleum industry
which began yesterday.

The strike was called by
a faction of the National
Union of Petroleum and
Natural Gas Workers
({NUPENG).

As a result, activities at
cil depots at Ejigbo (Lagos
State) and Mosinmi, (Ogun
State),. have been paraly-
sed,

The strike embraced

workers of more than 20
soi} and allied companies.
The national secretary of
NUPENG, Mr. Frank Ovie

Kokoti, said the union had.

no option but to call a
strike ta enable the govern-
ment to recognise it.

He said the union could
no longer allow litigations
to disqupt its ‘traditional
role of protecting workers’
interest.

The NUPENG secretary
said its members were be-
ing retrenched by employ-
ers; tanker drivers were
being harassed on flimsy

excuses and that‘employers
had been engaging workers
‘on casual basis.

Other grievances of the
union are, hold-up of
check-off by employers
and non-implementation of
a retirement —_ pension
scheme for workers.

Asked if the NLC sup-
Ported the strike, Con-
gress president Ali Chiroma
said: “It is not a case of
whether Congress is in
support or not. It is that a
particular union feels that
it has a democratic right to

LPG Prices Skyrocket

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 19 May 86 p 1

[Article by Dapo Ajibola]

[Text ]

HE price of

cooking gas
(Liquified
Petroleum Gas) in
the last two weeks
has soared by about
160 per cent as”
shortage becomes

‘acute.

Investigation by
Business Times has
revealed that a 12.5 kg

cylinder of gas, where:

‘available, now sells
for N20 as against the
NS retail price
approved by NNPC.
The immediate
cause of the present
shortage. of the
product is the drop in
supply to the
marketers’ from the
wefineries. According.
to one of the
the Wari’
though:
back in

refinery
‘gradually

59

JPRS#Ss Ange,
June 19386

NIGERIA

“choose its leaders”.

Alhaji Chiroma said the
.leadership of NUPENG
should be determined by -
the faction that has major-
ity control of workers: “It,
is not a matter of court, it
is purely industrial matter”’
he added.

senen Daily Times con-
tacted Unipetrol on tele-
Phone, the company’s
Public relations manager,
Mr. Kunle Awosahya, con-
firmed that the company’
workers were on strike.

+066



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

common constraints and lapses in the implementation of planned programmes and
to readjust implementation strategies. A participant, Mr Alex Kala reminded
the liaison officers at the end of the meeting that their task was to ensure
the full exploitation of the Region's resource mobilisation capacity in provid-
ing meaningful support for the country's Economic Recovery Programme (ERP).

Mr Kala has in the meantime, disclosed that cart pushers and "loading boys"
who load goods onto trucks or offtload them at lorry parks have been
mobilised into special "Reserve Mobisquads" in the districts. He explained
-that the "reserve squads" would be called upon to assist communities which
are hit by natural disasters such as wind and rain storms to repair damaged
buildings and to help clean up communities where there are serious sanitation
problems. [Text] [By George Sydney Abugri] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in

English 19 May 86 p 5] 39274

NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE PROPOSAL--The Government has agreed in principle to
the setting up of a National Health Insurance Scheme to cover all workers in-
cluding farmers, fishermen and their dependents to ease the burden of payment
of hospital fees. The scheme-~an insurance against the risk of falling sick--
will provide coverage for visits to private doctors, public health institu-
tions and health centres on out-patient and in-patient basis. It will include
services provided for routine laboratory services, special medical investiga-
tions; special x-ray examinations, dental services, major minor and general
surgical services. Disclosing these at a press conference on behalf of the
Secretary for Health in Accra yesterday, Dr J. D. Otoo, acting Director of
Medical Services said provisions are being made under the scheme to cover re-
tired workers. He said students over 18 years are to be covered under a
special students policy for which purchase of premiums will be made through
respective learning institutions. He hinted that the Ministry of Health in
conjunction with the Department of Social Welfare are in the process of formu-
lating proposals to cater for the unemployed, poor and pauper. On how policy
holders will obtain services, Dr Otoo explained that it is envisaged that the
employer in consultation with organised labour will have to take up the policy
on behalf of the employees. The policy holder, he further stated will be
provided with an identity card which will be presented at the point where
medical services are to be secured and the doctor or hospital which provided
the service bills the insurance company directly for payment. He said drugs
and hospital supplies will be paid for under miscellaneous expenses during
an-patient treatment and out-patient drugs covered depending on policy limita-
tions and provisions under the policy. [Text] [By Janet Quartey] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 20 May 86 p 1] /9274

DECENTRALIZATION PROGRAM--The Ministry of Local Government and Rural Develop-
ment has divided the country into three main zones for effective implementa-
tion and monitoring of the decentralisation programme. The Upper East, Upper
West and Northern Regions constitute one zone, Ashanti, Brong Ahafo and Eastern
Regions the second and Greater Accra, Volta, Central and Western Regions form
the third zone. In addition to these three zones, sector committees have been
formed to implement the decentralisation programme at regional levels. Mr
Martin Amidu, Under Secretary for Local Government and Rural Development,
currently touring the Northern and Upper Regions to evaluate the operations

of the sector committees, disclosed this at a meeting with the staff of the



JPRS=S84~860066

24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

NP SEEKS GROUP RIGHTS BASED ON FREE ASSOCIATION
MB250456 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1459 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] Windhoek, 24 May (SAPA)--The SWA National Party [NP] has reaffirmed at
an extraordinary congress today that any future constitutional dispensation
for SWA/Namibia would have to accommodate group rights based on freedom of
association.

The party leader, Mr Kosie Pretorious, told a news conference after the
congress that the SWA NP rejected forced segregation as well as forced inte-
gration.

The implementation of any constitution would have to be done in consultation
with the existing ethnic second-tier authorities instituted in terms of
proclamation AG 8 (1980).

Mr Pretorius said it had been agreed among parties of the SWA/Namibian
transitional government that existing constitutional rights would not be
changed without consultation with those concerned.

Any final constitution decided upon by the SWA/Namibian central authority
would have to be submitted for approval to a congress of the SWA NP which is
the ruling party in the administration for whites.

Mr Pretorius emphasized that it was of cardinal importance to his party that
an ethnic group would have "self-determination over its own affairs."

19274
CsO: 3400/1882

33



FISCAL RESOURCE GAP, ECONOMIC RECOVERY PLAN OUTLINED

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 25 May 86 p 24

[Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/1889

NIGERIA needs 12.5 billion
dollars (about 12.5 billion) for
its national recovery pro-
gramme between 1986 and

.. 199, according to the African

?riority Programme for
Economic Recovery in Africa.

The programme also’ in-
dicates that of the amount. the
country had already mobilised
9.2 billion dollars (about 49.5
billion) from domestic and ex-

ternal sources and was plann- _

fo mobilise additional 1.3
billion dollars (about 41.3
billion) from external sources,
the New York Correspondent
of the News Agency of Nigeria
(NAN) reports.

According to the pro-

gramme released in New
York last week, the country
had a resource gap of two
billién doflars (about “N2.0
billion) and is seeking interna-
tional “assistance to meet the
gap. -
The programme also
estimated Nigeria’s debt-
servicing requirements bet-
ween 1986 and 1990 at 13.7
billion dollars (about 13.7
billion) more than three
billion of the amount would be
required to pay interest.

The recovery programme is
contained in’ the document
submitted by thé OAU to the
preparatory committee fer

the special session of the U.N.

53

General Assembly on the
critical economic situation in
Africa. “

According to the document,
Nigeria’s Economie recov

programme focuses on small

holder agriculture, ‘
by integrated rural levelop-
ment programmes, comple-
tion of on-going projects,
rehabilitation and main-
tenance of existing assets, ex-
rt promotion and supply of
‘al raw materials for’ in-
dustries. (NAN) .

ported

JPRS*SSA-86«066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA



JPRS~SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

FRIENDSHIP, COOPERATION AGREEMENTS SIGNED WITH ZIMBABWE

Blantyre MALAWI NEWS in English 10-16 May 86 p 1

[Text]

/13046

MALAWI and = Zim-
babwe “yesterday
signed a General Co-
operation and
Friendship Agreement
which establishes a
Joint Commission of
cooperation and
Friendship between
the two countries.

_ The Agreement was

signed at Sanjika Palace
in Blantyre by His Excel-
lency the Life President
and Zimbabwe Prime
Minister the Right Hon-
ourable Robert Mugabe,
at the end of his four day
official visit to this coun-
ty.
_ A joint communique
issued yesterday noted
that the Prime Minister
and His Excellency the
Life President held very
fruitful discussions cov-
ering a wide range of sub-
jects of common interest
to both countries.

“The two heads of
Government noted with
great satisfaction that the
Political, economic, so-
cial and cutural relations
of their countries have
steadily grown from
strength to strength,” the

communique announced,

CsO: 3400/1856

19

adding that the two lead-
ers had further explored
means of preserving and
consolidating such re-
lations.

The communique also
stated that the Right
Honourable Mugabe paid
tribute to the Ngwazi for
the heroic role he played
‘in breaking up the Feder-
tion of Rhodesia and
iNyasaland, thereby pav-
‘ing way for the eventual
independence of the
three countries which
constituted the Feder-
ation. “He also thanked
His Excellency the Life
President for the support
that the Zimbabwe Afri-

can National Union r
ceived from Malawi dur-
ing the Party’s early
stage,” it stated.

On regional politics,
the communique an-
nounced that the two
leaders called for the im-
mediate implementation
of Resolution 435 of the
United Nations Security
Council which aims at
achieving self-determina-
tion and independence
for the Namibian people.

“They also called for
the immediate abolition
of apartheid which is a
source of instability in
the region,” the com-
munique said.

MALAWI



JPRS“SSA=86+066
24 June 1986

INCREASING USE OF RELIGION SEEN TO JUSTIFY POLITICAL STANCE

Cape Town THE ARGUS in English 20 May 86 p 12

[Article by Andrew Beattie]

{Text]

HEORISTS and theolo-

gians across the politi-

cal spectrum have sought
to justify a “Christian” po-
sition for or against vio-
lence as turmoil in South
Africa starts to take the
appearance of a civil war.

Shortly after the use of
troops in the townships be-
came fairly common nation-
wide, General Jannie Gelden-
huys, then Chief of the Army,
and now Chief of the Defence
Force, issued to conscripts a
document entitled “The Mes-
sage of the SA Army”.

It asserted, on religious
grounds, that “our cause is
just” and “we know we must
win, for there is no alterna-
tive” — better known by the
acronym, TINA, popularised
by British premier Margaret
Thatcher, and now in vogue
among South African ‘politi-
cians.

Around the same time the
Kairos Document was pub-
lished by a group of theolo-
gians opp to apartheid. It
claimed that the State mis-
used biblical texts and Chris-
tian beliefs to justify its op-

ression of the people, calling
his State Theology.

The Kairos document fur-
thermore labelled the South
African State a morally ille-
gitimate regime which should
be replaced by a Government
that would Govern in the in-
terests of all the people. It
then called on Christians who

86

found themselves on the side
of the oppressor not to collab-
orate wh the State, but rath-
er to side with the oppressed.

Father Albert Nolan, of the
Institute of Contextual Theol-
ogy, no less dogmatically as-
serted during a debate on the
document that to reject this
“kairos” (meaning Moment of
Truth, or decision) would be
tantamount to rejecting
Christ.

Wie the Kairos docu-
ment has been criti-
cised for being “pro-revolu-
tionary”, and for borrowing
concepts from Marxism, anti-
apartheid preachers have
said General Geldenhuys’s
message is a classic example
of the State Theology spoken
of in the Kairos document.

General Geldenhuys’ “mes-
sage” is interesting in that it
is one of the few documents
to date from a state function-
ary that grapples with the
theology of warfare.

It begins: “In humble sub-
mission to Almighty God
who controls the Destiny of
Nations and the history of

peoples...

“We declare that we are,
conscious of our responsi-.

bility towards God and
‘man; are convinced of the
necessity to stand united;
to safeguard the integrity
and freedom of our coun-
try; to ensure the mainte-
nance of law and order...

“We shall therefore help
assure the national securi-

SOUTH AFRICA



GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS BERATED FOR IGNORING ‘GRASSROOTS LEVEL'

Windhoek THE NAMIBIAN in English 16 May 86 p 11
{Article by Gwen Lister]

{Text ]

WHILE THE INTERIM government is defining ‘political par-
ties’; praising the police for the ‘overall attitude of the men and
their officers’; berating the United Nations for their alleged ‘par-
tiality’; and so on; they are seemingly unaware of what is. hap-

pening in Namibia at grassroots level.

Indeed, they could hardly be more out of touch and partial themselves,
when they go on propagandistic missions to police bases in the north,
and praise ‘our police force’, while horror stories of security forces strap-
ping the corpses of insurgents to Casspirs for townspeople in the north

to see, are ignored.

Is it possible that they should choose for themselves what may well
turn out to be the ‘kiss of death’ as far as their political careers are con-
cerned, when they pose with the chief of Koevoet and other high-ranking

police officers?

Two of the three interim government ministers present on the trip to
a police base in the north, are none other than Messrs Shipanga and Kat-
jiuongua, both of whom appear to have memory lapses when it comes
to their past political careers, and their vehement opposition to the ‘oc-

cupiers’ of Namibia.

THE ‘BAFFLING: CONTRADICTIONS IN NAMIBIA

AND THEIR STANCE is indeed a baffling one. While the same MPC.
claims not to support the linkage of a Cuban withdrawal front Angola
with a Namibia settlement, they are engaged in publicising the Unita rebel
movement leader, Jonas Savimbi, to an. alarming degree.

And while it is permissible to have Savimbi on local State-controll

television claiming the ‘guerrilla struggle’ is the only way to liberate
Angola, it is an offence to express similar sentiments about Namibia.

And while the interim government defines ‘a political party’, several
of those six parties represented in that government, can-hardly lay claim

to the status of ‘political party’ themselves.

Freedom of speech is also fine to the interim government, as long as
it is Moses Katjiuongua who is being abusive and derogatory in the ex-
treme about his political opponents, and not some government critic who
may call for compulsory education, a minimum wage, and peace and

justice for Namibia. .

UNDER THE GUISE OF ‘NAMIBIANISATION’

‘OUR NATIONAL army’ and ‘our police force’ boasts Katjiuongua and
other interim government leaders, while at the same time claiming that

40

JPRSags4. 8606;
June 1986

NAMIBIA



CALL TO MEDICAL STUDENTS TO FACE ISSUES OF OPPRESSION

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 28 May 86 p 15

[Text]

/12379
cso:

Medical students have been
urged to deal with “the issues in
this oppressive society” as
health for all could apply only in
a genuinely democratic society.

Speaking at the annual Medi-
cal Students’ Council congress
last night, President of the
Black Students’ Society at the
University of the Witwaters-
rand, Mr Dali Mpotu, said health
could not be separated from the
problems facing the country.

“Teargas has been proved
fatal to infants and many town-
ship residents are running
around with bullets in them,” he
said.

Six speakers addressed a
group of more than 100 medical
students.

3400/1867

A number of speakers, from
different political organisations,
urged health professionals to
use their skills on-all people in
South Africa.

The theme of the congress at
the University of the Witwaters-
rand Medical School is “The
road to health for all.”

An example of how this was
being achieved was demonstrat-
ed with a talk and slides on the
success of Riverlea Clinic.

COMMUNICATION

‘This had only recently estab-
lished corgmunication with the
township community through
the Riverlea Youth Congress.

Northern Transvaal secretary
of the United Democratic Front,
Mrs Joyce Mabudafazi told of
the self-help projects in the

81

JPRS*SSA=86+066

24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

homelands.

She urged medical students to «
travel north in their holidays to
inelp educate people on efforts to
cleanse water from rivers, the
building of ablution facilities
and general health care.

Mr Hazzy Sibanyoni, the
health and safety officer for the
National Union of Mineworkers,
spoke on what he called the un-
healthy situations in the mines.

He s “Some of the situa-
tions miners are exposed to are
dusty conditions, unventilated
mines, poor lighting availability
and places where miners work
in metre-high positions, forcing
them to sit for more than eight
hours a day.”

He called on medical students
to help test and measure the
dangers of these conditions.



IJPRS«SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

LUKMAN ANNOUNCES APRIL OIL SALES REVENUE

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 22 May 86 p 22

[Text ]

IGERIA ‘realised about

646 million dollars
{W546,000,000}, from the
sale of her crude oil for the
month .of- April, Petroleum
Resources Minister, Alhaji
Rilwanu Lukman has said.
Briefing newsmen at the
Murtala Mohammed
Airport, Ikeja, on his way to
Taiff, Saudi Arabia, the
Minister said the figures
Were derived from selling
the nation’s OPEC quota of
1.3 million barrels a day at

‘S14 (N14) a barrel.

Alhaji Lukman’ also said
he was optimistic that the
Organisation of Petroleum
Exporting Countries and
non-members would be
able to agree on a

production level that would
stimulate higher prices.

The minister went to
Angola, South African last
week to persuatie the
government to reduce
production, sources close

to the minister said.

*” On his return, he had said

that the trip was “quite
successful”.

Athaji Lukman_ is
expected to brief the OPEC.
Monitoring Committee on:
the outcome of his ‘trip to.
Angola as well as perform.
the Lesser Hajj.

He is expected back in
the country by the week-
end. 7

19274

cso: 3400/1887

58



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH. AFRICA

BRIEFS

AWB BRANDWAG BRANCH ESTABLISHED--A strong Brandwag branch of the AWB was
established last week at Steelpoort, where farmers have been the targets

of petrol bombs and threats in past months. "We are just aiming to protect
ourselves," said local AWB member Mr Paul Malan. AWB leader Mr Eugene
TerreBlanche described the Steelpoort Brandwag as "a good and strong branch".
He said more than 150 farmers in the area were members. He visited Steelpoort
last week and spent the night there before traveling to Pietersburg. Farmers
in the area have said repeatedly that they would not hesitate to protect
themselves if the security forces could not get the situation under control.
Most farmers doubt that the Government will give the green light for the
building of an electrified fence on the border between Sekkukhuneland and
Steelpoort. But indications are that the SADF will still be taking three
farmer representatives to the Limpopo border shortly to see the electrified
fence there. [Text] [Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 May 86 p 17]/12828

AWB WARNS ANC--The AWB has sent a telex to ANC headquarters in Lusaka warning
the organisation that there is no room for it in South African politics.

The ANC has dismissed the message as the "the work of madmen", but the
organisation seems unhappy with the rise of Far Right militants. Addressed
to "the terrorists of the ANC", it says conservative Afrikaners will not
allow their country to be taken over. The AWB, fired up with recent successes
against National Party Ministers attempting to address political meetings,
has clearly decided to extend its political clout further abroad. Twelve
representatives from Nafcoc (National African Federated Chamber of Commerce)
have had two days of talks in Lusaka with ANC top officials. The Nafcoc
delegation was led by its president, Mr Sam Motsuenyane, and the ANC by its
president, Mr Oliver Tambo. Mr. Motseunyane's wife was recently beaten up by
a gang of thugs suspected to be right-wing activists. [Text] [Johannesburg
THE STAR in English 26 May 86 p 1]/12828

AFRIKAANS THREATENED BY SABC--Afrikaans academics are worried that their
language is under threat from SABC technology. Their grouse is about
simulcasts--broadcasting the original soundtrack of television programmes

on radio while the dubbed version is transmitted on TV--which are due to
begin in earnest in July. They are calling for the establishment of an
advisory council of academics which the SABC would have to consult. Among
their chief criticisms is that English-speakers and blacks, who have been able
to improve their Afrikaans by watching Afrikaans programmes on TV, will
choose to listen to the simulcasts in English. An expert on languages,

82



/12379
cso:

3400/1864

More palladium could there-
fore become available for sale if
the producers were to take a
higher proportion of ore from
UG2. The effect would be very
gradual,-but was probably not
noticeable in 1985. -

Supplies from the USSR
dropped to 1440000, 15 percent
below the 1984 figures and the
review expects Soviet traders to
keep out of the spot market un-
Jess the price is right for them,
as annual contract quantities
are also believed to be lower

this year.

It remains likely that reduced
Soviet sales have less to do with
a possible need to conserve pal-
ladium for the home market
than with the poor returns that
were available for much of 1985.

117



112379
cso:

cause the Nationalist MP for
Boksburg, Mr Sakkie Blanche, de-
cided that keeping the races apart
was more important than any
amount of foreign-exchange earn-
ings. He tried to prevent Rand
‘Mines from putting up a hostel
near the FEVS complex, insisting
that the black workers should be
housed at Vosloorus, 20 km away.

This would have rendered the
entire scheme unprofitable and
impractical. Only intervention at
Cabinet level saved the day.

Ore from the new shaft system
will be trammed across to another

3400/1863

120

ERPM shaft a few kilometres
away. This should obviate the dan-
ger of too much noise drifting over
to the suburb of Sunward Park.
Althoiigh the whole FEVS com-

plex is practically anew mine, the
fact that’ERPM has such an es-
tablished infrastructure and that a
lot of the initial shaft-sinking was
done years ago has helped to keep
the cost of the project within
bounds — at least compared to
some of the other shaft-sinking
projects now coming to fruition
around the country.



There are permanent
contacts with other pro-
vincial bases and Freli-
mo communications are
carefully monitored, as
are radio stations’ such
as the Voice of America,
radio RSA, the BBC,
Radio France Interna-
tional and Radio Mo-
zambique.

While I was in Casa
Banana there were
scenes of jubilation
when the news of a car
bomb explosion in Ma-
puto was broadcast.

“That's the work of
Machel's own men who
do not want him an
more,” Commander Al-
bino, national political’
commissar told me with
some satisfaction.

A calm man,' who
enjoys drawing, he has a
high school education
and says he would enjoy
drawing propaganda
posters for MNR but this
is impossible at the base
because of lack of ma-
terials. A is 45 km.

C2 anana is 45 km
tovthe south of Paiva de
Andrade village, and
here are the “central
hospital services”.

Fifty kilometres to the
east is base Bunga,
which is used as a train-

which their leader Afonso Dhlakama or their first
President Andre Matsangaissa, were involved.

They do talk a lot about the war and con-
stantly assure one that if they had the support
Frelimo has received over the years, they would
have won long ago.

They tell me about the many times they had to
break off an action and withdraw because they
had run out of ammunition. However, they manage
to laugh when a commander recalls that Frelimo
soldiers also run out of ammunition — despite their
resources and the fact that they fight for the Mapu-
to government.

Inside the base, most of the guerillas go around ,
unarmed.

But all of them have their own light machine-
guns, the merits of each one being the subject of
heated discussion. They argue about their weapons
just as ‘their contemporaries in other parts of the
world argue about their favourite sports teams.

Radio receivers and transmitters are scattered
around the base, usually at the highest points.

ing centre for new re-
cruits.

There are also a few
head of cattle. although,
I.was told, the herds
were devastated by the
Zimbabwean attacks
last year.

Between these differ-
ent bases there is a con-
stant movement of peo-
ple transporting goods
on their heads.

In the base itself most
of the work seems to in-
volve keeping the place
neat and clean.

The first meal takes
-place after the raising of
the flag and consists of
tea and some flour.

Dinner and lunch are
sadza with meat. No salt
is available.

Most of the guerillas
eat in small groups
under trees at lunch or
near fires at night.

There are no civilians
at the main base — they
live in huts near the base
and MNR leaders told
me this is a rule fol-
lowed throughout the
country.

Eighteen kilometres
the South there is an
agricultural centre

27

which supplies all the
guerillas in the region
with bananas, maize,
onions and potatoes.

However, most of the
civilians who live near-
by are working directly
for the base — trans-
porting food and weap-
‘ons and cooking.

In the agricultural
zone guerillas and civi-
Jans work side by side,

“The soldiers work
there because they have
to produce something

and because we want
them to set a good ex-
ample,” Commander.
Jeremias told me.

Frequently there are
general meetings, a mix-
ture of political indoctri-
nation and traditional
dances.

When there are visi-
tors, such as when I was
there, these meetings
transform themselves
into a special occasion.

Better meat, usually.
from buck, and large
quantities of sura are
served.

And then there are
dances and_,songs until
the early hours of the
morning. .



JPRS*SSA+86«066
24 June 1986

ANGOLA

CULTURAL, SCIENTIFIC AGREEMENT SIGNED WITH CUBA
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 20 Apr 86 p 1

[Text] A cultural and scientific cooperation agreement between Angola and
Cuba was signed yesterday afternoon.

The agreement, which provides for technical assistance and personnel
training under cooperative cultural programs, was signed ay Angolan Secretary
of State for Culture Boaventura Cardoso and Cuban Minister of Culture
Armando Hart Davalos.

Mutual collaboration in the cultural area should be strengthened and
broadened as a result of a joint effort which is becoming more and more
extensive, according to the communique released at the conclusion of talks
between the two delegations.

The cultural and scientific cooperation document also includes research and
exchange of experience between the two countries.

The Angolan and Cuban delegations recognized the need to set up several
working groups to monitor cultural cooperation activities closely.

They also condemned acts of aggression and destabilization perpetrated
against the peaceful peoples of Southern Africa, Latin America and the
Middle East by international imperialism.

Both countries reiterated their solidarity with peoples and countries
struggling for freedom and independence.

At the signing ceremony, Secretary of State for Culture Boaventura Cardoso
stated that Hart's visit to Angola "is a trip reflecting friendship and
solidarity between our two peoples."

Cardoso also congratulated the Cuban government official on the 25th
anniversary of the Bay of Pigs, a date which was commemorated Saturday,
where a quarter of a century ago the Cuban people turned back a North
American invasion of their country.

In reply, Armando Hart, a member of the Politburo of the Cuban Communist

Party, said that his visit to Angola and this agreement are intended to
develop cultural cooperation between the two countries in very specific ways.

3



FPRS~S8A-86 40,
24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

FINANCE MINISTER INTRODUCES GOVERNMENT'S BUDGET
MB271707 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1651 GMI 27 May 86

[Text] Windhoek, 27 May (SAPA)--A budget providing for total state expenditure
in SWA/Namibia of R1,545.3 million was tabled in the territory's National As-
sembly today by the minister of finance in the transitional cabinet, Mr Dirk
Mudge. § ‘

Revenue was expected to be not less than R1,435.6. million.

The deficit of R109.7 million would be financed from a surplus of R136.4 mil-
lion from the previous financial year which would turn the deficit into a sur-
plus of R26.7 million.

“Later this year, when it should be clearer whether the inflow of revenue comes
up to expectation, further consideration should be given to the application of
surplus funds," Mr Mudge said in a speech introducing the budget.

He indicated that among those considerations would be an increase in salaries
for government officials, who received no general adjustment this year, the
building of additional classrooms, the creation of more job opportunities and
attending to a housing shortage.

The main features of this year's budget were that General Sales Tax {GST] in
SWA/Namibia would remain at the present level of nine percent, company tax
was unchanged at 44 percent and the 10 percent surcharge on individual income
tax was being abolished.

From 1 March next year tax exemption on contributions towards retirement am-
munities would be raised.

From the same date fringe benefits of all employees, including government of-
ficials, would become taxable.

"This step is necessary because the private sector feels that parity in tax
should be maintained and that competition for personnel between the private
and the public sector should take place on an equal basis."

Mr Mudge said the cabinet had decided to abolish GST on advertisements in the
media from 1 July this year.



He said although he received the message late from the ambassador he managed
against all odds to be in the Ethiopian capital only to be told that the meet-
ing had ended on the night of May 14.

Another meeting, according to the Secretary-General was fixed for the committee
to hear OATUU and the Ghana Government's version but that meeting ended in
disarray.

Asked whether some decisions were arrived at the first meeting, Mr Akumu
said the reasonable ones among them suggested a re-convening of another meeting
on June 16.

Others, he said, were of the view that no one should speak on behalf of
African workers at the next ILO meeting to be held in Geneva.

19274
csO: 3400/1718



But while Swanu/Swapo D
pay lip service to the concept
and interpret. it as a
fundamental right guaranteed
by the constituition, the
National Party proposal pays
lip service to the concept of a
unitary state while interpreting
group rights as an essential
element of the structure of
government.

“Group rights would be
meaningless without
representation in government”
is the key quote on the topic by
Minister of Agriculture Eben

van Zijl.
A voluminous preamble to

the NP document focuses on
narrow legal argument
defending group and individual
rights against any conceivable
threat. The result: a complex
system of checks and balances
which — effectively _ paralyse
central or national government.

Tlie present system of second
tiers under AG 8 reappear
subtly under the term of
community councils in what
appears to be a third tier.

The division into north and
south leaves nearly two-thirds

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 15 May 86 p 3

(Text ]

of the Nambian population
stranded in the
Owambo/Kavango/Caprivi
region, — a ghetto for the have-
nots without mines, harbours,
railway lines or, . any
manufacturing industry.

Meanwhile the south
containing all the ‘others’
would be the proud owners of
the lion’s share of. the
infrastructure and wealth of the
‘Territory.

NP proposal.

It is difficult to see how a
shrewd politician like Eben van
Zijl expects to sell such a
constitution, but the proverbial
snowball in hell would break
out in a sweat at the mere idea
of trying.

Land Reform Program

THE JOINT Swanu-Swapo D proposal to the Committee
on National Unity, announced this week suggests a
programme of land reform to deal with the “unjust” situa-
tion in which “4 500 farmers belonging to a given racial
group possess over 90% of the best farmland.”

The two parties propose that
control of agriculture should
be centralised under one
Agricultural Department, the
Land Bank should reduce its
deposits for beginner farmers,
and affluent people in the
communal areas with large
numbers of livestock should be
encouraged or obliged to buy
farms.

The proposals aim to curb

speculation and absentee _

farming without the land being
used productively.

The state would repossess
farms not being used produc-
tively but which are kept going
by subsidies only, and prefer-
ence in state controlled farm
sales would be given to first

36

JPRS*SSA*86«0
24 June 1986

For Swanu/Swapo D_ by
contrast “.the organisation of
government shall consist of
combining national unity and
regional and local diversity into
a system where regional and
local goverments — without
undermining national unity
..can manage their own
affairs freely within the ... rules
established by the central
government ...

“Namibia's history has been
plagued by tribalism” says
Swapo D leader Andreas
Shipanga.

Asked what the two parties’
bottom line in the coming
negotiations would be, Minister
of Health Moses Katjiuongua
is adamant on the general
principle that ethnicity may not
rule,

On the same question Eben
van Zijl, sits back, takes a puff
of his cigarette and says blandly
that he does not believe in
bottoin lines — “BUT, leaning
forward, “I cannot find enough
adjectives to emphasis the
importance of education”

time and local farmers.

* Foreigners buying land
would be subject to a 30% levy
on the purchasing price,

No-one would be able to buy
land solely for hunting pur-
poses and absentee landlords
would have to prove that their
farm is being used produc-
tively.

Individual or cooperative
farming would be encouraged
in the communal areas.

Another suggestion. con-
tained in the proposal is that
the name ‘Namibia’ should be
officially adopted.



JPRS*SSA*86*066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SPECULATORS HESITANT ON PALLADIUM

Johannesburg THE STAR-in English 23 May 86 p 16 ©

[Article by Sven Liinsche]

[Text]

While South Africa took advan-
tage of a drop in palladium sup-
plies from the USSR, the gloom
in the market caused the price
of the platinum group metal to
decline to a three-year low in
1985.

Demand for palladium de-
clined by almost 7,5 percent to
2740 000 oz and contrary to plat-
inum, which is in huge demand
as a result of the surge in the
autocatalyst industry, shed most
of its 1984 increases in the pro-
cess.

According to Johnson Matth-
ey’s publication, Platinum
1986, palladium was traded
down to $90 in December 1985
compared with $139 a year ear-
lier. Speculators were unenthu-
siastic throughout 1985, as wit-
nessed by a drop of 16 percent in
the volume of palladium futures
traded on the New York Metal
Exchange.

Demand is conditioned to a
large extent by technological

developments in dentistry and,
certain electronic component§
and as the year turned, a few,
long-awaited signs of recovery"
in these sectors began to aps,
pear. As a result the palladi
price touched $110 in mid-Jan-,
uary 1986, aided also in part by!
the strength in platinum.

As the demand from both thé‘
electronics and the dentistry,
sector continued to recover’
throughout 1986, the price was
maintained around these levels
and is currently trading at $108.

116

The improvements early this
year was also helped by the
news that the USSR was chang-
ing its selling methods for 19%
and had abandoned its monthly
option or ‘frame’ price arrange-
ments. During 1985 the Soviet
traders frequentl pitched their
option prices well above market
levels, so much so at times as to
be almost academic.

Nonetheless, in their three-
year history Soviet option prices

ave generally had the effect of
putting a ceiling on the market,
although in the poor fundamen-
tal conditions of 1985 it is ques-
tionable whether the market
would have been capable of ris-
ing much, option or no option.
.. In 1986 the USSR intention is
to sell palladium above normal
contract quantities only to mer-
chants holding such contracts
and at market-related prices,
but Johnson Matthey does not
expect a great deal of change in
prices, as the Soviets are likely
to regulate the flow of the metal |
for its own purposes.

Palladium shipments from
South Africa in 1985 rose by
about 33000 oz (four percent)
compared with 1984, reaching a
record 1.010000 oz. More pgm_
ore is now being extracted from
the UG2 reef, where, on aver-
age, platinum and palladium
are found in closer balance than
in the Merensky reef, although
pgm distribution is not uniform
throughout. °



JPRS*SSA~86*066
24 June 1986

assistance to the setting up of the school after he had joined Muslims in Tema
in prayers for victims of the recent American air raids on Tripoli and
Benghazi. He said conflicts generated by selfish people retard social and
economic progress and condemned the American raids on Libya. Mr Abujaldin said
it had always been the desire of the government and people of Libya to promote
goodwill and understanding among men irrespective of race, creed or religion.
He said the society would endeavour to provide building materials and cash

for the early completion of the building. He urged Muslims to co-ordinate
efforts towards the development of their various commumities as their contribu-
tion to government's efforts to improve living conditions. Mr Ustaz Essah
Ahmed, Head of the School, later took Mr Abujaldin round teh building site.
[Text] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 15 May 86 pp 4-5] /9274

PORTS REHABILITATION LOAN--Ghana is to utilise a 73.2 million dollars, about
(£6.6 billion) loan to rehabilitate the ports of Tema and Takoradi. According
to thé Attorney-General and Secretary for Justice, Mr G. E. K. Aikins, the
World Bank has already signed the loan agreement. The sticking point was a
condition by the World Bank that the Ghana Cargo Handling Company (GCHC), the
Takoradi Lighterage Company (TLC) and Ghana Ports Authority (GPA) should be
merged. In an interview with the GNA, the Attorney-General said the relevant
law for the merger is before the PNDC. According to Mr Aikins, if all goes
well the loan disbursement will begin in July, this year. [Text] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 17 May 86 p'5] /9274

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY--Personnel changes have been made at the Civil Avi-
ation Department. The appointments of some have been terminated for incom-
petence and administrative lapses which have resulted in substantial losses

to the economy while others have been terminated for gross insubordination.
Meanwhile, a law establishing the Ghana Civil Aviation Authority was signed
yesterday by the Chairman of the PNDC. Under the law the new Authority shall
among other things be responsible for: the licencing of air transport and the
licencing of the provision of accompdation in aircraft; the provision of air
navigation services; the operation of aerodromes and provisions of aeronauti-
cal assistance and information; the registratton of aircraft and ensuring
safety of air navigation and aircraft including air worthiness; regulating
air transport services; securing sound development of the Civil air transport
industry in Ghana. Advising the Government on matters concerning civil avi-
ation. [Excerpts] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 15 May 86 pp 1, 4]
19274

MOBILIZATION PROGRAM PROGRESS--District Liaison Officers of the National
Mobilisation Programme (NMP) in the Upper West Region have ended a two-day
meeting at Tumu during which they assessed progress on the implementation of
mobilisation programmes they planned for the Region last year. The meeting
which was the ninth in a series discussed the implementation of agricultural
programmes with emphasis on dry season gardening, construction work on self-
help projects, small-scale industrial ventures, anti-bush fire campaigns and
afforestation. About 62 mobilisation aquads (Mobisquads) have been formed

for the implementation of various mobilisation programmes. The liaison officers
Also<deew. up food production targets for community farms for the coming farming
season and compared notes on the performance of the various district mobilisa-
tion committee secretariats. This enabled the liaison officers to identify

15



JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

HARARE CONFERENCE MUST PRODUCE AFRICA DEFENSE MECHANISM

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 21 May 86 p 2

[Comment }

THE current Chairman of the Organisa-
tion of African Unity Defence Commis-
sion, Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu yesterday
Stated a disturbing but an obvious fact
when he said that the OAU Defence
Commission sessions have never re-
corded a good attendance.

Alhaji Iddrisu who is also Ghana's PNDC
member in charge of Defence was
addressing Ambassadors of other Afri-
can countries accredited to Ghana and
he actually appealed to them to im-
press it upon their respective govern-
ments to attend the next conference
which is scheduled to be held in Harare,
Zimbabwe about a week from today.

it so happens that because the whole
continent of Africa is beset with stiff
economic situations not much thought
is given to the need for a strong con-
certed and unifying defence strategy
for Africa. It is clear however that the
moment Africa is able to defend herselt
and her resources the economic situa-
tion will also improve.

Not since Nkrumah mooted the idea for
an African High Command in the 1960s
(which proposal was considered by

many countries on the continent as
absurd and was therefore shelved into

the backdrop) has there been any
serious attempt to set up a truly con-
tinental defence force for the defence
of the sovereignty and independence
of the countries forming the OAU.

The imperialist designs against countries
like Angola and Mozambique in their
teething stages after independence did

not tickle Africa, let alone move the
continent into seeing the magnitude of
the defence problem which confronts

19274
csO: 3400/1718

us. The persisting apartheid raids on
the Frontline States do. not also seem to
have brought home to us the spectre of
gloom that the hostilé and inhuman
apartheid government of South Africa
signifies for the black people of the
continent. :

Our brothers to the northern-most rea-
ches of the continent are not being
spared either. Libya and Ethiopia are
targets of an imperialist superpower.

All over the continent evil designs are
being hatched day and night to turn the
continent into a boiling pot of confu-
sion.

And yet we look on unconcerned in the
posture of sitting ducks ready to be
taken, hands down, by those who wish
us every ill.

For how long can we allow this to go on?
Who defends Africa?

The GRAPHIC is of the opinion that our
self-induced defenceless situation
which has allowed Libya to be bom-
barded, Chad to be dismembered, An-
gola and Mozambique to be.constantly
pressured through destabilising acts
(you add the rest), in a sense, is not the
fault of our detractors.

As long as we remain cheaply and unguardedly
vulnerable, the exploitative militarist powers will
keep hounding us out of the knowledge that we
cannot, as little as even hit back with our fists.

We must draw inspiration from Cuba and Nicaragua
which countries have proved that to be able to
live in peace demands the creation of a defence
strategy and armour which cannot be easily
taken apart.

In Harare, the GRAPHIC expects that Alrica's de-
fence issue will go beyond the usual shop-talking
scenario and transforni into a process that will
eventually put in place a defence mechanism for
the continent.



SOUTH AFRICA
AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

COSATU's General-Secretary Discusses Liberation Struggle
(Jay Naidoo Interview; THE AFRICAN GUARDIAN, 22 May 86) ...

SADF Criticizes Lebowa Police
(Hannes de Wet; THE STAR, 27 May 86) .ececcscsecccseceesees

Reporter Gives Account of AWB/NP Confrontation in Pietersburg
(Brian Pottinger; SUNDAY TIMES, 25 May 86) ..cscecesevceses

Supervisors Urged To Acquire New Skills
(Sheryl Raine; THE STAR, 29 May 86) i.cccscccecccescccvscee

Call to Medical Students To Face Issues of Oppression ©
(THE STAR, 28 May 86) .ccecsecscoecccesccevceercnecsssecers

Briefs
AWB Brandwag Branch Established
AWB Warns ANC -
Afrikaans Threatened by SABC
Warning by Badenhorst

BLACKS
Buthelezi Spells Out Nonnegotiable Black Demands
(SAPA, 25 May 86) ..cceccccecccvcccccccceccccvsseeccsceeces
SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Danish Parliament Breaks Trade Links
(AFP, 30 May 86) ...... see ceceee eee ecccecccccscccvceceesees

Increasing Use of Religion Seen To Justify Political Stance
(Andrew Beattie; THE ARGUS, 20 May 86) ...cccecsececererers

NP Government Being Overtaken by Black, New Nats Opposition
(AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL, 23 Apr 86) .cecevccccccccccecscceeces

FRG Observer Reports on Township Conditions, Tensions
(Hans Jakob Ginsburg; DIE ZEIT, 2 May 86) ...eseeeeeeceeees

Asians Buy Elite Homes in White Johannesburg Areas
(Andrew Thomson, Bert van Hees; THE CITIZEN, 30 May 86) ...

Aftermath of Raids; Assessing Costs
(THE SUNDAY STAR, 25 May 86) ..

Nel: Great Successes on Three Fronts, by Kitt Katzin
Minister Scoffs at Zimbabwean Intelligence, by Kitt Katzin

74

77

78

80

84

85

86

88

95

100

102

102
103



Mr Williamson said the three fa-
talities of the operation — all non-
ANC in Zambia and Botswana —
had not been deliberate but this’
was always a risk in this type of
operation.

Mr Williamson said the South
Africans had hoped that a bloodless
raid acting as a warning signal to
the ANC against its June 16 plan,
would not elicit major internation-
al reaction. It had hoped the stra-
tegic gains would outweigh the po-
litical losses. i
' But international reaction was|
always an imponderable and thei
South Africans had been taken
aback at the intensity of interna-
tional reaction.

; The raid had not been planned]
with the presence of the Common:|
wealth Eminent Persons Group iri
mind. q
* ANC spokesman, Mr Tom Se-
bina, told the Sunday Star from Lu-

JPRS«g
SA
24 Sune

saka that the two targets in Harare
were ANC premises, but he denied
that the targets in Zambia and Bo-,
itswana were linked to the ANC,

He said no ANC members had
been killed or injured in the raids.

Asked whether the ANC had in
fact been tipped off before the
raids, he said that in Harare, the
«SA Defence Force had dropped off
leaflets directed at Zimbabweans, * |
warning them of the impending
raid. This had come to the attention
of the ANC who managed to vacate:
their house in time. aw

Asked what effect the raids
would have on the ANC’s June 16
campaign, he said: “I don’t think it
will scare our people into inactivi-
ty. Our people will observe June 16
as vigorously as possible. This will
spur them on and encourage them
to continue the struggle”.

Reserve Bank Effort to Boost Forex Confidence

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 25 May 86 p 10

[Article by John Spiral]

[Text]

THE confidence nosedive that followed South
Africa’s cross-border raids forced the Reser-
ve Bank to pour an estimated R150-million
into the foreign exchange market in the past
weck to prevent the rand crashing.

In the process, the country has had to yield
up large amounts of precious US dollars — a
currency that has grown all the more pre-
cious in the wake of figures which suggest
that South Africa's favourable trade balance
is taking a turn for the worse.

Although Pretoria has been criticised for
its massive support operation on the rand, the
move clearly stemmed from the fear that
such a development would impart another up-
ward twist to South Africa’s inflation rate.

imported inflation as a result of the steep
depreciation of the rand has been widely ack-
nowledged as one of the major factors behind
an inflation which soared above 20 percent
this year.

_ At the same time, the monetary authorities

find themselves on the horns of a dilem-
ma: by holding up the exchange rate they
are encouraging imports and discouraging
exports,

The adverse impact of this policy is al-
ready being seen. In the first quarter of 1986,
the surplus on the current account of the
balance of payments dipped from R12-billion
annualised to R2-billion annualised.

106

Coupled with the recent heavy outflow of
capital earmarked for repayment of foreign

loans, the current account deterioration is
sapping the country’s foreign exchange re-
serves. To make matters worse, the current
account is expected to deteriorate further.

As a leading stockbroker told The Sunday
Star yesterday: “The inflow of funds on the
current account relates to export orders

signed when the rand was below US40c. Ex-,

port orders :tailed off when the rand went
above US40¢ and our exports became less
competitive in world markets.

“Because of the time lapse between the
signing of export orders and the payment re-
ceived, we have yet to witness the full detri-
mental effects of the decline in exports on the
current account of the balance of payments.”

Against this conflicting background, the

Government is grappling with a flagging
economy that fails to respond to the stimulus
of lower interest rates.

The official stance is that the economy will
grow by three percent in 1986. However,’ as
things stand at present, it would be surpris-
ing if the economy achieved any growth at
all this year.

Addressing shareholders in Johannesburg
‘this week, Lifegro’s chairman, Dr M D
Marais, said: “We will again have negative
growth in 1986.”

“86-06
19¢6



066
JPRS«SSA*86~06
24 June 1986

NNLCERLA

BRIEFS

LIBERATION MOVEMENT AID-~Federal Government has approved aid worth 10 million
Naira for the liberation movements in southern Africa. Ministry of External
Affairs statement said in Lagos that President Ibrahim Babangida has
directed that supplies and aids must be despatched to the liberation move-
ments and the frontline states within the next 48 hours. It said.the
President has also directed the Ministry of External Affairs, to proceed on
a tour of the Frontline States and the camps of the liberation fighters im-
mediately after the special session of the UN General Assembly coming up next
week. €Tdxt] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 22 May 86 pp 1, 3] /9274

csO: 3400/1890

65



JPRS*SSA*867066
24 June 1986

MALAWI

AFRICARE OPENS BLANTYRE OFFICE, IDENTIFIES AREAS REQUIRING AID
Blantyre DAILY TIMES in English 12 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Article by Vales Machila]

[Text] AFTER 15 years of operational activities in
many countries in Africa the tentacles of
Africare have now finally reached Malawi;
and there is every reason to believe that

the organisation has come to stay.

Africare, a humble or-
ganisation whose activi-
ties originated somewhere
in the basement of Niger’s
embassy in the United
States, started as a relief
agency with the aim of
helping to avert mass fam-
ine ‘which ravaged West
Africa in the early ’70s.
The organisation has in its
15 years of operational ac-
tivities seen its activities
diversified and spread far-
ther across the continent.

Africare maintains field
ottices in 12 countries, in-
cluding Malawi. The Mal-
awi offices are located in
the Old Town Hall in
Blantyre. The office was
opened in December last

year and its activities are”

manned by three officers:
Messrs. C. Ross Croulet,
agrobusiness technician;
lenry W. Corbett, small
business technician and
Eldridge H.E. Gilbert Jr.,
resident representative.
Africare’s financial in-
termediaries in Malawi

are the Malawi Union of
Savings and Credit Co-op-
eratives (Musco) and the
Indefund. Messrs Croulet
and Corbett are attached
to the two organisations,
respectively.

In an interview, last
week, Mr. Gilbert Jr. told
me that Africare aims at
tangible results and at the
moment feasibility studies
are underway to find ma-
jor areas of funding and
technical and __ training
assistance.

“We will have experts
shortly who will be giving
technical assistance to
small and’ medium entre-
preneurs and small farm-
ers,” he said, adding “we
feel Malawi has great po-
tential in agriculture, but
our main areas of conce-
tration will be sorghum
and fruit production. This
is our primary concern in
Malawi.”

Mr. Gilbert Jr. also dis-
closed that Africare is
looking into the possibil-

ity of helping establish
food processing factories
in all the three regions to
operate alongside the Ad-
marc Canning Factory.
“We feel there is room to
engage .in this field ... in
fact we are looking for
commodities that have
import substitution poten-
tial, for example salt and
cooking oil” he said.

In 1971, when Africare
was founded, West Africa
was experiencing one of:
the worst droughts in its
history. People and ani-
mals were dying in large
numbers. Crops could not

row and villagers were
riven from their homes
in the often futile search
for water.

Relief agencies
throughout the world
were responding to the
crisis by shipping food,
medicine, equipment and
personnel.



in the province. On this trip, which was undertaken to report on the main
difficulties still facing agricultural production and welfare of area
farmers, the Huila provincial commissar was accompanied by members of the
party provincial executive body, provincial commissar for social and
administrative affairs, Carlos Alberto, and defense, Daniel Sampaio, in
addition to municipal commissars from Lubango and Humpata. After visiting
several [illegible], the Huila party provincial committee coordinator met
with traditional authorities in the first official meeting of the cities

of Lubango and Humpata to be informed about socio-economic and political
development. During the meeting the traditional authorities expressed
concern over the lack of farm tools as well as poor provision of basic
necessities to farmers. At the conclusion of the meeting, which was termed
quite productive, Lopo do Nascimento promised to minimize many difficulties
which the farmers were experiencing and asked them to work harder to
increase production on all levels, the only sure guarantee of our people's
welfare,’ [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 25 Apr 86 p 3]

8844/9190
CSO: 3442/216



348588486.
June 7 986

MOZAMBIQUE

MNR REBELS WOO U.S. NEWSMEN
Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR‘in English 25 May 86 p 9
[Article by Alan Dunn]

[Excerpt] WASHINGTON--The MNR rebel movement in Mozambique is offering to slip
newsmen into "liberated zones" under its control.

“This is also the only convincing way we can show there is no South Africa
bogeyman," said Mr Tom Curran of the MNR's newly opened office in Washington.

He said media representatives could be taken secretly into Mozambique and
liberated zones in "free Mozambique” to see the situation at first hand.

Mr Curran, an American who was a missionary in Southern Africa for eight years,
said an invitation had already been extended to the Washington Post after it
carried a series of reports on Mozambique.

The newspaper had not yet responded, he said.

Mr Curran came to Washington after being asked to do so by the MNR's president,
Mr Afonso Dhlakama, when they met in Mozambique.

He says the MNR controls 80 percent of the rural areas--all regions except the
Beira corridor and the towns--and adds that the corridor would be under MNR
control where it not for Zimbabwean soldiers guarding it.

Mr Curran also rejects the belief that South Africa is still supporting the
rebels.

He says they are nursing and protecting civilians beaten by Zimbabwe forces in
Mozambique. Crops are being grown again in the liberated zones, he adds, and
food is not stolen. Life is returning to normal.

Mr Curran's opening pitch to legitimise the MNR in Washington and to elicit aid
smack strongly of early efforts by Unita, the rebel movements in Angola.

Unita now has official white House favour and is presently receiving American
military hardware in a covert operation.

/12379
CSO: 3400/1865 25

066



/12379
cso:

3400/1869

has been a non-starter for the simple reason that
there are no black volunteers. Equally superfluous
is the idea of trying to draw Buthelezi into a ‘‘Muzor-
ewa-option” in which whites would retain real
power, with black ministers and a black president
installed for show. (De Klerk, who caused foreign
minister Pik Botha to be slapped down for talking
about the possibility of a black president, is now
himself canvassing the idea privately).

With the NP looking increasingly lost, the Com-
monwealth’s Eminent Persons Group (EPG) - AC
Vol 26 No 25 - is playing a far more important role
than originally thought possible. The group left a
carefully-worded set of proposals on President
Botha’s desk after a low-profile visit last month. (See
box). International pressure on the NP government,
threatened with economic sanctions and financial
pressure from its creditor banks, is at least having
some effect. A full round-table conference of South
Africans is still just possible. ©

94



112379
cso:

ty of the Republic of South
Africa against any threat,
help assure the national se-
curity of the national
States against any threat,
help protect the national
security of our allies in
southern Africa against
aggression ... give our best.
support to other Arms of
the Service, the Armament
Corporation, other state de-|
partments and our allies.”

He then goes on to assert:
“We are not political but
serve the Government of
the day with pride.”

He continues: “We believe :

in the principles of war-
fare. We believe in obtain-
ing and retaining the ini-

tiative. In combat we are.
cunning and. aggressive. '

We believe in firepower,
mobility and night-fighting
capability...”

It conclud
must believe...”

HE Kairos document, in

the summary published
by the Kairos theologians,
stated: “The god that the
state preaches to us is not
the God of the Bible. It is
an idol. It is the god of the
gun, the god of oppression.
In fact this god is the devil
in disguise — the anti-
Christ.

“The apartheid state
misuses biblical texts and
Christian beliefs to justify
its oppression of the
ple. This we call State The-
ology. (In) ROMANS 13,

“and we

3400/1861

87

Paul. says we should obey
the State. That would be

‘true in normal circum-

stances but Paul does not
tell us in this text what we
should do when the state
becomes unjust, oppressive

and tyrannical. When this
happens we must say with
Peter we shall ‘Obey God
rather than men’ (ACTS
5=29). We should also read
Revelations 13 where the ,
State is described as a dia-
bolical beast.”

Turning to the increasing
use by the State of the term
“Law and order”, the Kairos
theologians said: “When we
oppose the State and resist
its oppression, the State
makes use of the idea of
law and order to make us
feel guilty and. sinful. But
‘law’ here is unjust and dis-
criminatory laws of apart-
heid and ‘order’ here is the
disorder of oppression and
exploitation. We must as
Christians resist this type
of law and order and obey
the law and order of God.”

Although the Kairos Docu-
ment did not go as. far as call-
ing for a violent overthrow of
the State, theologians in-
volved in its drafting Pointed
out that the Church did recog-
nise the concept of a “just
war”,

The juxtaposition of the
two articles indicates a wid-
ening rift in South African so-
ciety that is unlikely to be
healed peacefully.



REFUGEES RETURN TO TIGRAY PROVINCE

Nairobi THE DAILY NATION in English 2 May 86 p 23

[Article by John Tanner]

[Text]

‘Thousands of Ethiopians,
moving by night in groups of 40,
are making the 250-mile trek
home to Tigray province from
eastern Sudan, where they
have been ing since fleecing
the 1985 famine. Now they want
to return in time for the hoped-
for May rains and planting
season, writes JOHN TANNER.
ATRANSITCAMPin |
ETHIOPIA, Thursday
‘The people of Tigray province in
the north of poverty-stricken
Ethiopia are going home.

Since January, 45,000 men,
women and children have made
the three-week, more than 400km
trek from refugee camps in
eastern Sudan back to the
highlands of Tigray.

‘These same Tigrayans were
among tens of thousands of
refugees from famine who attrac-
ted the world’s sympathy as they
walked into neighbouring Sudan
last year.

Wis hard to grasp that these
happy, healthy Ethiopians are
{he survivors of those emaciated
figures who stumbled across the
word's television screens in 1985.

Arduous

Damarin Haugust, a Christian
priest, his wife Mame Gekidan
and two of their children.
Hadash, a girl of 10, and their
son, Legesa, 13, constitute one of
the families making the arduous
journey back to their village in
central ‘Tigray.

1 spcke to them at one of a
string of transit camps . which

rovide food and water on the
journey.

JPRS“SSA~86-066
24 June 1986

ETHIOPIA

The family fled their famine-
stricken village last year, leaving

three older children who were too _
+ sick to travel,

Many of their neighbours died
on the way to’Sudan, but
Damarin’s family made it to the
Shagarab refugee camp near the
small town of Khasm-el-Girba in
eastern Sudan.

The United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees has
provided trucks to ferry the riow-

recovered Tigrayans to another .
-camp, Wad Kowli, close to the |

Ethiopian border. ‘There the
refugees are organised into groups

of 40 from the same district to.

-travel home together.
Each family is provided with a

- plastic jerrycan for water,

vitamin C tablets and sachets

‘containing the simple ingredients

for Oral Rehydration Therapy to

- cope with diarrhoea,

Every couple of days 1,000 to
2,000 refugees begin the long
march home from Wad Kowli,
travelling mostly at night when
it is cool and there is least danger
of air attack by MiG warplanes.
of the military government in
Addis Ababa.

‘Tigrayan separatists have been
‘fighting the Ethiopian Govern-
ment since 1975 for autonomy for
their province.

‘The transit camps have been
organised by the Relief Society of
Tigray (REST), _ the

. humanitarian arm of the Tigray

People's Liberation Front
(TPLF), which claims to controt
85 per cent of Tigray.

A fleet of up to 200 trucks,
donated to REST by inter:
national aid agencies such as:
Oxfam, ferry in food, water and
seeds for the returnees, along
some of the roughest tracks in the
world.



The day of the EPG

eration, is often pondered in top government circles
today. The choice of Durban for the NP meeting will
keep nationalist minds focussed on power-sharing:
Chief Buthelezi’s KwaZulu administration and ele-
ments of the white second-tier government are
attending the ‘‘indaba’’ (meeting) there to find a
formula for the joint administration of Natal pro-
vince.

General Olusegun Obasanjo, the former Nigerian head of state,
and Lord Anthony Barber, chairman of Standard Chartered Bunk
and a former British chancellor of the exchequer, have emerged
as the EPG’s key figures. Obasanjo was the first African politician
to meet Mandela. Later in the EPG's recent two-week visit to
South Africa, Barber and others also met him, and were much
impressed.

Apart from the lifting of the ban on the ANC and the release
of Mandela, the EPG’s main proposals are in fact made up from
Botha’s own reported commitments to reform - including the
scrapping of the pass laws, the restoration of black citizenship
and the accommodation of black political rights within a system
which respects universal franchise.

The EPG is due to meet in London again next week to decide
whether to go ahead with another visit to South Africa in May.
Meanwhile the group is working on its report for the seven-nation
Commonwealth committee meeting at the-end of June which will
advise on whether economic sanctions should be applied. The
Commonwealth's demands, made at the Nassau summit last
October, are:

@ The renunciation of apartheid, accompanied by specific action
to that end.

The termination of the state of emergency, .

The immediate, unconditional release of Nelson Mandela and
other political prisoners.

The lifting of the ban on the ANC and the creation of
conditions of political freedom.

The initiation, in the context of a suspension of violence on
all sides, of a process of dialogue across lines of colour,
politics and religion towards establishing a non-racial and
representative government.

So far only the state of emergency has been lifted. A lot more
progress will have to be made before June if sanctions are not
to be recommended by the EPG and put into effect by the
Commonwealth. The guid pro quo for Pretoria in cooperating
with the EPG will be an ANC truce once apartheid is abolished,
before round-table talks. ANC leader Oliver Tambo is working
with the EPG. This could be the NP government's last chance
for a negotiated settlement.

Nationalist organs are already preparing the party
faithful for another change of the ‘‘adapt or die’’
mould. This time they are being presented with a
choice between national suicide and the forming of
a new alliance of ‘black, brown and white demo-
crats’’. There might be a white referendum on the
matter before the end of the year.

Little can be expected to come of the NP’s tortured
efforts to form such an alliance. Since Botha’s
announcement in-January that he intended to form
a statutory council, the idea has been widely discre-
dited by blacks, including Buthelezi. Intense cabinet
discussion about appointing black cabinet ministers

93



Bophutatswana is one of the largest and, according to statistics, the richest
homeland. In 1977, South Africa granted ‘independence to President Lucas
Mangope--an independence recognized nowhere outside southern Africa. His
alleged country consists of seven regional fragments, north and south of the
major industrial region around Johannesburg; Migratory workers and commuters
provide the revenues of the pseudo state. The so-called border is almost
invisible. The car driver reads the ndme of the homeland on a giant sheet
roof at the point where, according to the road map, South Africa ends and the
state with the hard to pronounce namie begins. No border post is located under
that giant roof, merély a betting office. Behind this building begins a
miserable settlement with a name most unsuitable for the subtropical veldt--

Winterveldt.

Bloody Sunday

Winterveldt is not shown in any official Bophutatswana statistics but, at more
than 100,000 residents, represents the most populous place in the country.
The people of Winterveldt hate President Botha but even more wholeheartedly
despise puppet President Mangope. If they were South Africans, they would be
able to combine in labor unions and citizens initiatives. As subjects of the
homeland's president, ~ they lack these rights. Even worse: They and their
children have lost the right to return to South Africa proper. In South
Africa they are deemed to be foreigners, at best tolerated as commuters or
migratory workers, and their families must remain in "independent"
Bophutatswana. That is terrible for everyone but even more demeaning for the
majority of the Winterveldt people who cannot even console themselves with the
thought that they are being governed by their own. Bophutatswana is supposed
to be the national state of the Tswanas, and most Winterveldt blacks are not
members of that tribe.

The police maltreats them, because they refuse to send their children to the
miserable school--Tswana is the language of instruction. Mangope's police
arrested hundreds of young people, because groups of young blacks--comrades in
the language of the black movement-~organized the school boycott. On Easter
Sunday 1986, the parents of these young people called their fellow citizens to
a protest meeting on the dusty soccer ground of Winterveldt--and there a
dignitary of the quasi state addressed them and commanded the followers of
"foreign" South African rebels to leave the country; Bophutatswana, he said,
existed for decent Tswanas and nobody else. When noisy protests erupted,
policemen appeared around the soccer ground and opened fire on the defenseless
assembly.

Four weeks after bloody Sunday, young people once again play soccer on the
sports ground. Ostensibly normalcy has returned to the poverty stricken
settlement. In fact, residents in the vicinity of the soccer ground mourn 18
victims of the trigger happy Bop police. They include old women hit by the
police bullets when they tried to hide in the toilets. "We are just simply
afraid," says a 16-year old comrade. "The police hunts us, we are arrested
and tortured overnight." An old man, wearing a suit and tie because he is
expecting whites to visit, shows me the papers of his son who was employed and
housed by Pretoria municipal works--3 hours distant from Winterveldt--until
the police shot and killed him, too. The old man is still negotiating with

98



TOURS TO COUNTER NATION'S NEGATIVE IMAGE STARTED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 May 86 p ll

[Article by Cheetah Haysom]

[Text]

/12828

NEW YORK - In an effort to
counteract South Africa’$
negative image in the United
States, a Texas-based com:
pany is selling “fact-finding”,
tours of South Africa to
American business people.

The “leisure and learning”,
package promises to unveil
“South Africa - beautiful
land, political enigma” tq

concerned Americans. | .'

“Come see for yourself and
form your own opinions,’,
says the brochure printed by
the SA Tourism Board.

The company, Solrep Interna?
tional, claims to have been
running tours to South Africa
for the last three years. t

SIX RESPONSES ..}

:
Mr Rory Johnston, a Sout}
African, said brochures had’
been mailed to Americans
interested in doing businesg
in South Africa. 1
The company claims about six
responses a day. :
“We won't know if the six trips
“scheduled will go ahead until

we have firm bookings.” - +

cso: 3400/1852

‘The brochure offers. the chance
to talk freely with all racial
groups. Americans will bq
able to “ask tough questions
without embarrassment”. '

SEMINAAR ‘

‘The itinerary’s fact-finding
highlight consists of a seminx
aar at which “prominent,
South Africans” will talk
about their perceptions of
South Africa’ and reforms. |;

Business travellers will also be
introduced to Government
officials “for a comprehen}
sive briefing”. '

The first tour, arranged with
South African Airways, ig
scheduled for September 19. '

The tour includes a trip down,
a gold mine, the Voortrekker,
Monument, the Union Builds

ings in Pretoria and the “col;

ourful Malay quarter” it

Cape Town. z

Mr Johnstone denied that thé
private venture is Govern!
ment funded. s

Solrep, in fine print, disclaims
any liability for injury red
sulting from ‘political uns
rest, insurrection, riot and
any or all acts of terrorism”.

114

JPRS“SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



066
JPRS*SSA~86~0
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

ABUJA CONTROL TOWER EQUIPMENT INSTALLED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 17 May 86 p 1

[Article by Suleiman Dangana]

(Text ]

CONTROL tower equipment
with associated HF and: VHF
services have been i
the Abuja Airport. M
Transport and Aviation,
Brigadier Jeremiah Useni,
aid.

ae
livities of the ministry “in
Lagos yesterday, Brigadier
Useni said however, that the

talledat

“highest possible standard of

afety in our ai
zones and tel

ice, control
inal control

-areas have been established in

the 15 local airports.
Brigadier Useni said upper
inal area (UTA, has been
blished at Port Harcourt
while the UTA at Kano

established units at-Bort Har-
court, Maiduguri, Jos, Benin,
Sokoto, Abuja, Horm, Enugu,
Kaduna and Calabar adding

hat plans were under-way to

extend the service to Ibadan,
Yola and Zaria in the near
future.

In the area of air traffic ser-
vice, the minister said another
air traffic services school had

:been established in Kano for

the training of manpower

radar system, instrument lan- ‘been restructured to make it from the northern parts of the

ding system and HF more functional. country.

munication ies were ye He said approach radar se He said work was progress-

to be com ioned. He said vice was also available at ing well on the Minna Airport

jpstallation work was stillcon- Lagos, Kano, Port Harcourt, and . that all things being

tinuing. Enugu and Kaduna airports. equal, it would be commis-
He said in pursuance of a The minister said aeronau-. signed by the end of the cur-

19274
cso:

policy of maintaining the

3400/1889

tical information service had

61

rent financial year.



24 S*88A-86-066
June 1996

ZIMBABWE

MUGABE DISCUSSES AIR FORCE ‘ADVANCED BRIGADE"
MB241155 Harare Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 24 May 86

[Text] The prime minister, Comrade Robert Mugabe, has pledged the government's
intention to turn the air force into a viable modern force with sophisticated
capabilities. Comrade Mugabe was speaking at the Thornhill Airbase in Gweru
today when he presented wings to 25 officers.

Six of the officers received their training in Zimbabwe after undergoing 120
hours of basic flying, while the rest undertook 230 hours of flying in the
People's Republic of China, completing basic and advanced training. Comrade
Mugabe said the 17 officers who trained in China will form the nucleus of the
advanced brigade which will be introduced in the air force of Zimbabwe. He
said the officers who were trained locally show the government's determina-
tion to achieve self-reliance in the production of expert manpower.

Appealing to the officers not to let the people of Zimbabwe down, the prime
minister urged the officers to perform their duties efficiently with loyalty
and dedication.

19274
cso: 3400/1883

-67



JPRS*SSA~86~06!
24 June 1986

GHANA

DEATH SENTENCES ISSUED FOR PLOT AGAINST GOVERNMENT
Accra PEOPLE'S: DAILY GRAPHIC in English 16 May 86 p 1

[Article by Faustina Ashirifie]

[Text] Nine out of the 15 persons who were tried for preparing to overthrow
the government have been sentenced to death by firing squad by the Public
Tribunal.

They are Godwin Mawuli Kofi Dra-Goka, Yaw Brefo Berko, Kyereme Djan, Samuel
Boamah Panyin, Ahmed Denteh Braimah Kankani.

The others were W. ©. II Samuel Charles Lartey Aforo, Private Charles Koomson,
Eric Goka and Alanko. In addition to his death sentence, Ycaw Brefo Berko is
to serve seven years imprisonment for aiding a criminal to avoid lawful arrest.

They were convicted on two counts each of conspiracy to commit anvoffense and
preparing to overthrow the government.

Evelyn Esi Goka and Esinam Adjei who were also tried for aiding a criminal to
escape lawful custody were sentenced to five and three years imprisonment
respectively.

The tribunal has given them seven days to appeal.

Frank Goka, Christian Goka and Papa Yaw Edusei, all of whom were tried in
absenaia were however acquitted and discharged on both counts for lack of
evidence.

Before passing judgment, Mr George Agyekum, Chairman of the Public Tribunal
reminded Ghanaians of their general responsibility to ensure the stability of |

the country.

Having listened to the series of mitigation plea from the counsel of the ac-
cused persons, he expressed concern over how people use millions of dollars
and CFA to plan a coup and questioned what the objective of such people could

be.

Mr Agyekum emphasised: “plots which put the lives of innocent peopke at risk
and jeopardy have happened here over and over again and must be adequately
punished if uncovered."



JPRS“SSA~86«066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

FRG OBSERVER REPORTS ON. TOWNSHIP CONDITIONS, . TENSIONS
Hamburg DIE ZEIT in German 2 May 86 p 4
[article by Hans Jakob Ginsburg: "We Do Not Want To Be Assassins"]

[Text] It is an apparently peaceful late afternoon in Soweto, the black
south west township, 15 km by car from the skyscrapers of Johannesburg city
center. While the foreign visitor laboriously threads his way through the
monotonous streets of small corrugated sheet roofed houses, thousands of black
men and women are on the move, tired from a long working day and a_ long
commute home. Townships are home, work--if any--is in white South Africa:
Roughly 30 percent of blacks in the urban areas of the country are unemployed.

The homecomers have an everyday look about them. But somewhere on the city
motorway, young blacks had held-up a bus filled with blacks. A robbery which
eaused the all-present police to intervene against future potential victims:
Because a handful of robbers had attacked the bus, every vehicle on the
motorway was stopped, and the black passengers on all buses to Soweto had to
continue their way home on foot. An incident those affected did not think
worth mentioning--it has happened too often. Nor do the local reporters show
any interest in such events any longer. Newspapers critical of the government
report unrest in the townships almost only if people are killed. Newspapers
friendly to the government, for their part, report on the same lines as radio
and television which are preoccupied these days in telling the public about a
team of New Zealand rugby players who are traveling in the country despite the
worldwide sport boycott.

However, South African whites do more and more frequently hear about horrific
violence among blacks: Various ethnic groups whose men fight for land
ownership with bludgeons and knives; political murders of black officials,
policemen and city councillors; dreadful assassinations in remote regions
where--according to government propaganda--urban agitators exploit the black
masses' belief in witchcraft to massacre loyal black citizens. The government
says that 308 black South Africans have fallen victim to black violence since
early 1985. Pieter Willem Botha and his ministers do not mention the
demonstrators killed by the police. Their numbers may be 3 times greater.

"The black man is no murderer. We simply refuse to be murderers, we want
reconciliation." The young woman saying this had been arrested during the

95



JPRS*SSA*86~066
24 June 1986

Frafa District. He appealed to the sector committee members to approach their
assignments with zeal and determination since the decentralisation programme

is meant to encourage grassroot participation in decision-making. An adminis-
trative officer of the Frafra District Council, Mr P. F. Haruna, told the
Under Secretary that the council's Interin Management Committee was performing
creditably. Mr Haruna, however, admitted that the sector committee on the
implementation of the decentralisation programme had been dormant for some time
and appealed to members to respond positively to the call for active participa-
tion in the affairs of the district. [Text] [By« Chris Alalbilla] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 21 May 86 p 1] /9274

FOOD IRRADIATION PROJECT--To reduce post-harvest losses in cocoa, maize and
other crops in the country, the National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI) of
the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) is to go into full commercial food
irradiation project. According to Dr A. K. Ahafia, the acting director, the
institute had completed the research phase of the food irradiation project.
Dr Ahafia was speaking during the opening ceremony of a four-week micro-
computer training course organized by the GAEC and the International Atomic
Enexgy Agency (IAEA), at Kwabenya near Accra. He said it was the ardent
aspiration of the Interim Management Committee (IMC) of the commission to
bring to fruition, the noble aspirations of the originators of GAEC. The
acting director noted that the central role of the institute, empowered by
the Atomic Combission Act of 1963 and PNDC Law 37,.in the procurement and oper-
ation of a research reactor, and power reactors later. [Text] [By Douglas
Akwasi Owusu] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 13 May 86 p 8] /9274

BORDER COOPERATION WITH TOGO--Ghana and Togo have agreed to co-operate closely
in checking smuggling and currency trafficking in each other's country, a
Foreign Ministry statement said in Accra yesterday. The statement said that

at a meeting of the two Foreign Affairs and the countries' Ministers of Interior
held in Lome, Togo, on Monday, to strengthen co-operation in that field. They
agreed also on the need to resume the work of the joint Ghana, Togo Border
Demarcation Commission in order to minimize border incidents which tended to
mar relations between them. The next meeting of the commission will accordingly
take place "as soon as possible" in Accra, the statement said. Both countries
agreed also to resuscitate the Ghana-Togo Permanent Joint Commission for Co-
operation which will meet once a year. Its sub-committees will meet "as often
as necessary", [Taxt] [Accra THE GHANAIAN TIMES in English 14 May 86 p 1]
19274

AIR LINK WITH BURKINA--Ghana and Burkina Faso have reached an agreement to re-
establish air link between them. This follows three days of air bilateral
talks between the two countries. In 1977, Ghana Airways operated air services
to Ouagadougou for six months, but discontinued the service due to poor
patronage. [Excerpts] [Accra THE GHANAIAN TIMES in English 17 May 86 p 1]
19274

KORAN IN LOCAL LANGUAGES--Translation of the Holy Quran into four main Ghanaian
languages will be published by the end of the year. The languages are Twi, Ga,
Fante and Dagbon. This was announced by the Governor of the Ghana branch of
the World Islamic Tijania Movement, Alhaji Yakubu Aggrey, when inaugurating
this year's commentary of the Holy Quran in Accra to mark the beginning of the

17



JPRS SSA~86-06)
6
24 June 1986

NIGERIA

KANO STATE GOVERNOR ANNOUNCES OPPOSITION TO PRIVATIZATION

Ikeja NEWSWATCH in English 12 May 86 pp 33-34

[Article by Lawson Omokhodion]

tion. Both the state military gover:

nor, Mohammed Daku, an army
colonel, and his commissioner for
finance, Abba Abdullai, told the just con-
cluded three-day seminar on Restructur-
ing the Nigerian Economy: The Role of
Privatisation, organised by the Securities
and Exchange Commission, SEC, in Kano
so in clear terms.

Daku said privatisation is a non-starter.
Abdullai saw it as an instrument to further
entrench the interest of the economic
power brokers. He argued that federal
assets belong to all, not to a few in-
dividuals and, therefore, ought not to be
sold to the privileged class. He opted for
commercialisation, because to privatise
implies further marginalising the distant
majority. The pro-privatisation
arguments of better efficiency in resource
utilisation, more effectiveness in achieving
organisational objectives and greater hap-
piness for the workers did not impress the
-Kano position.

At the end of the seminar, participants
adopted resolutions that sounded more
like an endorsement of continued state
participation in enterprises. The seminar
recommended the setting up of a national
. body on privatisation in the executive of-
fice of the president to work out the
modalities for implementation.

Recognising the strategic role of SEC in
the scheme, the seminar resolved that the
commission should be allowed to play a
balancing role in the allocation of shares
of privatised parastatals. SEC, it’ was
recommended, should give preferential
allotment of shares to state governments.
The seminar also asked state governments

[Text] K« State is opposed to privatisa-

46

to immediately set up investment com-
panies, where they do not currently exist,
and that these coripanies should also set
up stock brokerage firms to avoid over-
fragmentation of shares by allocating
sizeable chunks to state governments.
What escaped the seminar participants is
that these investment companies are also
parastatals which, at state levels, are also
to be. privatised.

In its analysis, the seminar proved
myopic as it did not consider the entire
spectrum of privatisation. It failed to see
that the principle of privatisation con-
cerns both federal and state governments.
Mgbowaji Benson, secretary to the Rivers
State Ministry of Finance Incorporated,
told Newswatch that he came to the
seminar mainly to find out how the Rivers
State government commercially-oriented
parastatals would be best privatised. He
said the seminar had been less than suc-
cessful in finding a solution to his pro-
blems. But in terms of explaining the con-
cepts and processes, the seminar, he said,
was a masterpiece. Benson now knows
that in Rivers State shares of privatised
companies would need to be allocated to
local government areas on an equitable
basis, following from the seminar recom-
mendations.

Reflecting on the question of propor-
tional share distribution to governments,
a participant said that parastatals are
simply being moved from one level of
government to another. This, he said, is
not privatisation but ‘‘parastatal decen-
tralisation.””

The SEC seminar was heated because
the subject matter drew as much support
as it did opposition. The address of Chu



The New Nats are to be found among leading Afrikaner
academics, journalists, in the private sector and civil service, the
Afrikaner churches, think-tank bodies, the Broederbond and the
organisations under its umbrella. Pik Botha and minister of trade
Dawie de Villiers, are the only cabinet_members considered
sympathetic to the New Nats. Deputy minister of education Sam
de Beer and his counterpart at finance, Kent Durr, can be
considered New Nats.

Other Transvaal sympathisers include well-known figures such
as Theo Alant, Piet Coetzer, Willie Cuyler, Jan Grobler, Roelf
Meyer, Wynand Malan, Org Marais, Albert Nothnagel, Stoffel
van der Merwe, Lukas Van Vuuren, Veltie Veldman, Piet Welge-
moed and Leon Wessels. Cape New Nats include Hendrik Coetzer,
Peet de Pontes, Lampie Fick, Pietman Hugo, Hernus Kriel,
Sakkie Louw and André van der Walt. Sympathisers in Natal
include Connie Botha, Willie Heine and Hendrik Tempel. The
only Orange Free State New Nats are Wynand Breytenbach and
one nominated MP, Fanus Schoeman.

While the New Nats are not yet ready to break away from the

NP, they will probably be the catalyst which forces: Botha’s ~

government into an alliance with the PFP in order to keep the
Afrikaner-dominated right-wing at bay. But whether the New
Nats have the courage of theit apparent convictions remain to be
seen. Leon Wessels, Wynand Malan and Stoffel van der Merwe
wanted to visit the ANC in Lusaka. The NP caucus told them
not-to. So they stayed at home.

Aside from the 30 or so New Nats (out of the
127-strong NP caucus), about 35 MPs appear to
support Chris Heunis, the Cape leader and minister
for constitutional development. F.W. de Klerk,
minister of national education and leader of the
dominant Transvaal NP caucus, has a hard-core of
about 28 parliamentary supporters. He has enthu-
siastic backers among the increasingly influential
English-speaking members of the government,
including the arch conservative John Wiley (minister
of environmental affairs), Kent Durr (deputy minis-
ter of finance), Ron Miller (deputy minister of for-
eign affairs), and the more liberal Denis Worrall,
the South African ambassador in London. Worrall,
who seems to have made the psychological transition
from Botha to De Klerk with astonishing ease, is
tipped for the constitutional portfolio in a De Klerk
government - however short-lived it might turn out
to be.

That leaves about 34 undecided NP MPs. Their
vote could be crucial. Equally crucial will be the
second-round voting of those who opted for Heunis
or foreign minister Pik Botha in the first round: The
emergence of Gerrit Viljoen, minister of cooperation
and development, especially if he gets New Nat
support, should not be discounted. The expected
axing of two politically-discredited conservatives in
the cabinet - law and order minister Louis Le Grange
and minister of communications Lapa Munnik - will
be a boost to the verligtes.

Some analysts believe the pending disarray in white
party politics could result in a nationalist coalition
between the NP and the 27-MP PFP in order to
keep the growing extreme right-wing parties (19 MPs)

~ gy



JPRS*SSA~86+066
24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

CABINET DENIES POLICY BANNING VISITS FROM RSA POLITICIANS
MB261538 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1510 GMT 26 May 86

[Text] Windhoek, 26 May (SAPA)--The SWA/Namibian transitional cabinet have
not formulated a general policy concerning visits to the territory by politi-
cians from elsewhere, according to a statement issued on behalf of the cabinet
in Windhoek today.

The statement was in response to a news report earlier quoting the minister of
national education, Mr Andrew Xatjila, as saying that politicians from South
Africa would not be allowed to address public meeting in SWA/Namibia.

According to the report planned meetings by a United Democratic Front office-
bearer, the Rev Frank Chikane, had been cancelled at the instructions of the
transitional government.

Today's cabinet statement said it occurred from time to time that people who
intended visiting the territory came to the attention of the cabinet individu-
ally or collectively, but the cabinet had not laid down general policy concern-
ing visits by politicians from outside the country.

Mr Matjila was "wrongly quoted" that the cabinet would not allow politicians
from South Africa into SWA/Namibia.

"The cabinet treats, if necessary, every case on merit," the statement said.

A 14-day district order had expired last month and the cabinet had not given
consideration to imposing a further prohibition on meetings, it added.

19274
CSO: 3400/1882

» 29



The tribunal, before passing judgement, had gone through the trial pro-
cedures and how a fair chance was given to both the prosecution and the ac-
cused to prove their claims.

It took note of how evidence from the accused were fraught with twisting -<«
events and contradictions, mentioning especially the fourth accused, Samuel
Boamah whom he described as having "a vivid sense of criminal imagination."

Meanwhile, Mr James Benson, counsel for Mawuli Goka indicated to the tribunal
his intention to appeal zagainst'the conviction of his client.

19274
cso: 3400/1718

13



JPRSmssange.,
June 1986

NIGERIA

GOVERNMENT FREEZES CAR PRICES, CHIDES ASSEMBLERS FOR SALE REFUSALS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Text]

/13046

cso:

MINISTER of Industries,
Alhaji Bunu Sheriff Musa, has
said the Federal Government
would not allow any additional
price increase for locally
assembled vehicles for now.

Speaking at a meeting with
representatives of the coun-
try’s eight automobile
assembly plants in Lagos
yesterday, the minister said it
was disturbing to note that in
spite of government’s views
m the issue of peice increase
which had already been com-
municated to the assemblers,
vehicles were still not being
sold to the public.

Alhaji Bunu said he rd-
ed their refusal to sell the
vehicles as tantamount to
disobedience of government’s
order, .

The minister’ directed that
the vehicles must be put up for
sale immediately.

“When painful decisions are
government”, he
‘you have to implement
them,” adding that it would be
bad for the ministry to aban-
don its responsibilities of for-
mulating policies in order to
sell vehicles.

The minister warned vehi-
de assembly plants in the
country against any attempts
to challenge or contravene
government’s decision on the
new price list of vehicles
assembled by them.

3400/1859

57

He said government was
aware of a move by them to
challenge its decision on the
new price list and warned that
such move would not be con-
doned and warned against
hoarding and ordered them to
start selling their products.

Alhaji Bunu said the
Federal Government would
not reverse its decision on the
prices of vehicle manufac-
tured in the country, adding
that there would also be no
room for price increases.

The minister later told
ssnroved that the rm
approved price list would soon
tp iblished.

arlier, a senior official of
the ministry had told the
Tepresentatives that govern-
ment had approved import
licence to the tune of 76.3
million Naira for the eight
vehicle assemrtity. plants in the
country for this year.

At the meeting were
representatives of Volk-
swagen ' Nigeria: Peugeot
Automobile of Nigeria (PAN),

} Anambra Motor Manufactur-
ing Company (ANAMCO),
Nigerian Truck Manufactur-
,ing Company (SCOA), Steyr
Nigeria Limited, Leyland
Nigeria Limited ~ and
Federated Motors Industries
(FMI).

government ~

066



JPRS+SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOULH AFRICA

COSATU'S NAIDOO PRAISES NEW UNION
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 28 May 86 p 3

[Article by Mike Siluma]

[Text] A new, 26 000-strong, union — the Transport and General Workers
Union — has been formed. It encompasses two Congress of South
African Trade Unions (Cosatu) unions — the Transport and General
Workers’ Union and the General Workers’ Union.

The move, part of a Cosatu programme to form industrially
based unions in every ‘major sector of the economy, camb- After
months of negotiations between the two unions. .

. NEGOTIATIONS CONTINUE Ae

The new union concerns the transport, cleaning and security, and
building industries. : . wt

Negotiations will continue with other unions organising in the
same sub-sectors.

Addressing the inaugural con- STRATEGIC ,
gress in Mariteburg, Cosatu gen- Because of transport workers’
eral secretary Mr Jay Naidoo strategic importance, their or-
said the task facing the working ganisation was vital in tr ans:
class was to organise millions of forming South African society.
workers and thousands in “bu- Mr Naidoo said the Govern-
reaucratic unions”. -ment was -“directionless” —

The organisation had to ad- “The only way it can hang oa
dress itself to workers in such to power is by escalating tl e
sectors as agriculture, construc- violence against the people.
tion and to the unemployed. Workers wanted a society
* Mr Naidoo stressed the im- which guaranteed jobs, proper
portance of accountability and housing, free medical care fot
-democracy in the struggle. Shop all and a Government electe
stewards, he said, were the by the majority of the people.
foundations of worker power. @Mr Jerry Ntombela, Cosatu’s

Natal regional chairman, was
elected president; Miss Jane
Barrett general secretary.
112379
cso: 3400/1862

110



STEELPOORT FARMS CUTTING BACK ON BLACK LABORERS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 May 86 p 17

{Article by Hannes de Wet]

[Text] White farmers in the Steelpoort valle;

/12828
cso:

on the Lebowa border are drastical-
ly reducing the number of workers on
their farms to become less dependant
on black labour after large-scale
stayaways by labourers.

Mr Stoffel Muller, the first farmer to
suffer damages because of a petrol-
bomb attack, said he was going to re-
duce his workforce from 60 to six.

“I have already invested in machine-
ry and made other arrangements to

switch from farming peanuts and corn
to cattle,” he said.

“I am not going to be dependant on
black labour any longer.”

. Mr Muller said it was true that black
workers were being intimidated not to
come to work “but I believe people
who don’t want to be intimidated will
not bow before pressure”.

Mrs Suzy van der Berg said her hus-

3400/1850

band had decided to stop
farming cotton in order
not to be dependant on
manual labour.

“We are going to
switch to different kind
of farming which will en-
able us to do most of the
work with machinery.”

She said the farm’s cot-
ton-pickers were now de-
manding two cents. per
kg more for picking cot-
ton. The current rate is
8e/kg.

NO COMPLAINTS

“We are not going to
pay them more because
we know the extra two
cents will just be going to
the pockets of the ‘com-
rades’.

“Our own workers told
us that.”

Mrs van der Berg also
rejected assertions that
the stayaways at Steel-
poort were due to a wage
dispute. .

“Intimidation by the
‘comrades’ is behind this.
Our workers never com-
plained before and do not
want to stay away.

“In any event, I know
of other spots in the coun-
try where black workers
are being paid much less
than in Steelpoort,” Mrs
van der Berg said.

112

JPRS*SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



Trade Mission in Zimbabwe Continues, by Robin Drew

Timed to Warn ANC, by David Breier

Reserve Bank Effort to Boost Forex Confidence, by
John Spira

Segregated Education Blamed for Nation's Ills
(Thelma Tuch; BUSINESS DAY, 27 May 86) .......

Cosatu's Naidoo Praises New Union
(Mike. Siluma; THE STAR, 28 May 86) ..

Briefs
Johannesburg Apartheid Thriving
Tucsa Loses Textile Union

ECONOMIC

Steelpoort Farms Cutting Back on Black Laborers
(Hannes de Wet; THE STAR, 27 May 86) ..ecsececcccceccvcecs

Outlook for Consumer Spending 'Bleak'
(Madden Cole; THE CITIZEN, 29 May 86) ....

Tours To Counter Nation's Negative Image Started
(Cheetah Haysom; THE STAR, 27 May 86) ....

General Motors Spells Out Commitment To Remain
(Andrew Thomson; THE CITIZEN, 30 May 86) ....

Speculators Hesitant on Palladium
(Sven Lunsche; THE STAR, 23 May 86) ......... cece eee ceene

Boksberg's ERPM Opening Up New High-Grade Ore Reserves
(John Orpen; THE SUNDAY STAR, 25 May 86) ..ccceccscceceece

New Giant Mining Exploration Company Formed
(John Spira; THE SUNDAY STAR, 25 May 86) wececccecececcucs

New Anthracite Mine Opened in Kwazulu
(Stan Kennedy; THE STAR, 26 May 86) ..cccccceccscceccecees

SBDC To Buy City Factory, Other Local Projects
(David Canning; THE STAR, 23 May 86) .....

Briefs
White Shops Feel Bite
Pay Rise for Miners Agreed
New. Factory for Reinforcing Steel
Oil Search Off Cape
More CBDs Opened

104

105

106

108

110

111
111

113

114

115

116

119

121



In his capacity as editor of the Catholic-funded
weekly newspaper, New Nation, Zwelakhe says the
national liberation struggle has reached a crucial
point. Blacks must now choose, he says, between a
descent into ‘‘chaos and barbarism’? or a return of
parents and workers to the youth-led struggle, in
order to redirect political energies, which have rend-
ered many townships ungovernable, into the fledg-
ling structures of ‘‘peoples’ power’’, He argues,
justifiably, that townships which have established an
“organised centre of peoples’ power” (in contrast
to mob violence alone) have been most successful in
rolling back state repression. (The planned May
Day work stay-aways next week, organised by the
Congress of South African Trade Unions - Cosatu -
will provide a symbolic return of workers to the

“vanguard of the liberation struggle’’.)

In the Eastern Cape, where the people’s power
Zwelakhe refers to is most advanced, the South
African Defence Force (SADF) has been forced out
of some of the townships. Even the most brutal
tepression has failed to reverse the advances made
by blacks to create alternative administrative structu-
res for their townships. The question of whether
change is possible without blacks concentrating on
violence is. obviously much debated. Winnie Man-
dela, for one, appears to believe violence should not
be deplored at this late stage, partly because it is
inevitable, partly because it does break down apar-
theid and the white state. The danger lies in whether
such sustained violence, in the absence of organised
“‘people-power’’, will make the country ungoverna-
ble well after the white government has gone.

A crucial goal of many Political activists now is
to recruit more whites into the country’s extra-
parliamentary internal Opposition. The UDF is lead-
ing the wooing campaign, hoping to breach the vast
chasm between the dying stages of nationalist rule
and the forming of a representative government.
Since his resignation in February as leader of the
Progressive Federal Party (PFP), Frederick Van Zyl
Slabbert has applied himself to the same general
campaign. His first major engagement was a well-
publicised speech to 2,500 people at the Johannes-
burg city hall earlier this month.

Van Zyl Slabbert has also been encouraging con-
tacts between the ANC in Lusaka and extra-parlia-
mentary groups of the Afrikaner establishment. A
continual stream of delegations from South Africa
to Lusaka, and the resulting joint communiqués, not
only improves the Prospects of the ANC becoming
accepted as an umbrella organisation, but it is also
a shrewd psychological tactic. For sooner or later
the NP government will realise that it would be less

“89



PARTIES ANNOUNCE DETAILS OF CONSTITUTIONAL PROPOSALS

Republican Party, DTA Chairman

JIPRS«SSA*86~061

24 June 1986

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 16 May 86 pp 1, 3

{Article by Jean Sutherland]

{Text ] One Namibia, one nation, one province and one government.

With theseremarks Republi- *

can Party leader and DTA

chairman Dirk Mudge in- ’

troduced the alliance’s draft
proposals for a new constitu-
tional dispensation at a RP
mecting in Windhoek last
night.

“This is what we stand for)’
he said to spontaneous ap-
plause from the close to 300

people, in a speech billed be- *

forehand by RP member
Hans-Erik Staby as. “very im-
portant”.

It was vintage Mudge as |

Namibia’s bestknown white

politician spelt out what ap-

pears to be the DTA’s clearest
move away from ethnicity.
WARNING

‘There was a plea to the white
electorate to be realistic and a
Stern warning-to those leaders,
black and white, who were mis-
Icading the people.

Mr = Mudge _ cautioned
against the danger of those
who on the one hand were say-
ing white exclusivity could be
guaranteed “in the knowledge
that it is not possible’; and,
those who were creating false
expectations amongst the
black electorate that the doors

to wealth would open “once we
get rid of the colonialists”.

There were also a few care-
fully aimed sideswipes at old
political foes Owambo leader
Petet Kalangula and Damara
leader Justus Garoeb.

ONE GOVERNMENT
“Lam in favour of only one
government;’. the RP feader
said, referring to “the stigma
attached to any form of
ethnically-based government
and the rejection thereof by the
majority of the population”
In practice this amounted to
one central government for
Namibia as a “unit” — with
decentralised administrative
functions, “because the
government in Windhock can-
not carry out everything in ev-
ery corner of the country?”
Central government would
be composed of two chambers,
a 60-member national assem-
bly and a senate, consisting of
three senators per district.
The national assembly
would be elected on a one-
man, one-vote basis in accor-
dance with proportional
representation for a five year
term. oe
And, the senate would have

34

a six year term, with a mini-
mum age requirement of 45
years. .

All legislation would be ap-
proved by the senate and the
national assembly.

“In the event that the senate
disapproves of legislation...(it)
can be adopted by a two-thirds
majority.”

There would be a President,
elected by the senate, and a
Prime Minister, elected by the
national assembly.

The President would be
head of the defence force “and
can exercise emergency pow-
ers” where the democratic ord-
er of the state or constitution
was threatened.

DISTRICT DIVISION

Seventeen. districts are pro-
posed using the “existing (pre-
Odendaat Plan) — district
boundaries . and existing
centres”,

Mr Mudge said that in this
way homeland boundaries
would fall away “and everyone
becomes part of different dis-
tricts”.

District authorities would
act on behalf of ail inhabitants
within their region.

A district governor, advised
by a nine-member district



NEW GIANT MINING EXPLORATION COMPANY FORMED

JPRS“SSA~86~066
24 June 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR (Finance) in English 25 May 86 pp 1,5

{Article by John Spira]

[Text]

112379

A MAJOR new mining exploration
company with potential mineral
rights covering a mammoth
165 000 hectares has been formed.
The company, Consolidated Re-
sources Exploration, was recently
registered by mining magnate Joe
Berardo’s Johannesburg Mining

roup.
8 FINANCE learned of the regis-
tration following perusal of gov-
ernment company records and Mr
Berardo confirms that the purpose
of the new company is mining ex-
ploration.on a widespread scale.
Although unwilling to be drawn
on the detail of the proposed oper-
ation “at this early stage”, Mr
Berardo indicates that the mineral
rights to be exploited by Consoli-
dated Resources Exploration
(CRE) would come largely from
companies falling under the um-
brella of his Johannesburg Mining

group.

The JSE-listed ‘companies in
question are Waverley Gold Mines,
Carrig Diamonds and Simmer &
Jack Mines.

CSO: § 3400/1864

Company with the most mineral
rights is Waverley, whose rights
cover 76 farms 130 000 hectares in
extent in the Transvaal, OFS and
Cape Province.

Simmer has mineral rights over
1993 hectares of land in the Ger-
miston area, while Carrig has
rights over some 33 000 hectares in
the Cape and the Transvaal.

Unlisted Tanks Oil & Platinum.
‘Holdings has a “turning to ac-
count” participation agreement

with Waverley whereby Tanks will
receive 25 percent of any monies
or rights accruing to Waverley
from its mineral rights. Carrig has
an 8,4 percent stake in Tanks.
Presumably, the three com-
panies in question will sell their
mineral rights to Consolidated Re-
sources Exploration in exchange
for shares in the new company,
CRE will then be listed on the
Johannesburg Stock Exchange. It

will derive its income from selling.

off areas proven to have viable re-
‘serves to one of the mining houses.

121

Mr Berardo says that should his
group decide to proceed with .the
venture, CRE will do all the ex-
ploration work itself and not job
the work out — as do most other
mining exploration companies.

This statement seems. to. imply.
that the prospecting agreements
granted by Waverley to,outside
companies: (seven farms..are cur-
rently subject to such agreements
with Anglo American Prospecting

Services, Foskor and Rand Exten-
sions) will not be renewed when
they expire.

CRE will, one assumes, first ex-
plore those of its potential mineral
rights which have the most prom-
ise. Apart from the farms current-
ly being prospected by outside
companies, an area immediately

.to the north-east of the Stilfontein

mine is an obvious target.

While gold, uranium and coal
form.the:bulk of CRE’s prospect-
ive mineral rights, they also in-
clude diamonds, attapulgite, gyp-
sum, chrome, platinum, phos-
phates, talc, tremolite, kieselguhr,
and diamonds.



recently lifted state of emergency, without any reason and together with her
totally unpolitical mother. She also lost her job with an American computer
company. "Do not think that I earned good money there; whites earned triple
my wages for the same job." Despite her EDP skills, she is sure that she has
no prospects for another job: "They have a black list and know my
background."

Due to her life history, Emily belongs to the political elite: In 1976, after
the major and violently suppressed protests of Soweto school children against
the miserable educational system, she fled to one of the independent
neighboring countries, began to study, returned to her parents in Soweto a few
years later and was promptly arrested. "The policemen told me that I was an
ANC terrorist, not a student, that they had found me guilty, and that I should
from now on work as their spy. I refused, even when they tortured me and held
a knife to my throat." The graceful woman saw the horror in the eyes of her
interlocutor and smiled: "Actually it was quite easy for me to hold on. Ir
thought of Nelson Mandela and what he managed to stand for the longest time, a
grown and successful man, a father. What did I have to lose by comparison?

And in fact they finally let me go."
"We Fight a Civil War"

Is hers a typical story? Most certainly, Emily insists: The more resolute
the black opposition, the greater the police efforts to infiltrate informers
in the black groups and find black "collaborators." "Whatever these people
do threatens my life. Why, therefore, should they survive?"

Does the young woman therefore approve the violence done alleged government
loyalists? "We do not like that at all. It throws back our struggle by 1,000
years. But if we do not use violence, we will all die." Is she exaggerating?
"Why do you say that? We are fighting a civil war in this country, and we
know the weapons Botha has not yet used. He could destroy an entire township
by using heavy artillery or napalm."

Nowadays we must look hard for signs of open Apartheid in Johannesburg's inner
city. Most restaurants are open to blacks just as to whites. Blacks may ride
in taxis, go to cinemas and theaters, sit on park benches and--if they have
the money--shop in the elegant stores. Still, each afternoon Johannesburg
turns into a white city, and the blacks must withdraw to their squalid
residential areas, where there are no opportunities for proper shopping nor
cinemas, where social life is restricted to the tiny and overcrowded houses
("matchboxes"), semilegal beer halls and churches. Apartheid has a new face.
No longer the old signs "whites only" but the worst social chicanery:
Horrendous rents and utility charges imposed on the blacks of the townships by
the state, a totally inadequate commuter system, finally the constant
harassment by the police to whom any black face is suspect, any black assembly
a possible pretext for deadly gunfire.

By its sheer size (almost 2 million residents), Soweto tends to make people
forget the fact that it is surrounded by hostile forces. Alexandra, on the
other hand, Johannesburg's second black settlement, is so small that the
police patrols at the edges of that township are always visible. Moreover,

96



JPRS=SSA~86«066
Swanu and Swapo D say itis 24 June 1986
inevitable that the country will
be named Namibia when it be-
comes independent.

“By using the name now, we
the democrats, will give it a
positive content and image’’
the two parties said. 7

NP Approach
Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 15 May 86 p 3
{Article by Jean Sutherland]

[Text ]

THE NP blueprint for a new Namibia was in line with the
western proposals and set out to accommodate the protec-
tion of minority rights without losing sight of the national

interest.

So said NP Cabinet Minister
Eben van Zijl on Tuesday,
when announcing the party’s
constitutional proposals.

Mr Van Zijl, flanked by
Deputy-Minister Thinus
Blaauw, gave an extensive ex-
planation on how the SWA Na-
tional Party had arrived at
their frame of reference.

Ina legally faultless presen-
tation, he said the NP had
looked at the mandate given to
the Constitutional Council
and tothe Select Committeeon
National Unity.

As far as non-tribal, non-
racial provincial delimitation
was concerned, there had been.
no problem.

But, the mandate went fur-
ther than calling for provinces
by stating “organised in such a
way that all sections of our
population will be
represented?’

Andit was here that they had,

tried to pin down exactly what

was meant by “sections”.

As it was not spelt out, they
had looked at it from every an-
gle and eventually came to a
conclusion, based on the de
facto premise that no constitu-
tion should conflict with the
Bill of Rights.

And, Article 9 of the bill
identified three groups: “eth-
nic, language and religious”.

The constitution had thus
been drawn up taking into ac-
count what these groups were
entitled to.

Legal opinion had also been
sought to make 100% sure of
this interpretation.

“And it boiled down to that
if these ‘groups where not
represented, their rights would
be meaningless? Mr Van Zijl
said.

While there was no qualifi-
cation of “right” in Article 9,
the action words were that
rights “must be able to be exer-
cised?”

37

Article 9 states:

“Allethnic, linguistic and re-
ligious groups and all persons
belonging to such groups, shall
have the right to enjoy, prac-
tise, profess, maintain and pro-
mote their cultures, languages,
traditions and religions, in'so
far as these do not infringe
upon the rights of others or the
national interest?”

The NP minister said
another consideration in draw-
ing up the proposals had been
to try and eliminate those
aspects of AG 8 which had
provoked the most criticism.

These were weak adminis-
tration, financial disparity and
compulsory classification.

He concluded by giving a
breakdown of how the NP
proposals compared to those

_ of the Western Five Contact

Group and said that all their re-
quirements had been met.