JPRS*SSA+85+097
9 October 1985

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

GDR YOUTH ORGANIZATION AGREEMENT--The minister of state farms and Revolutionary
Ethiopia Youth Association (ed: REYA) today signed a three year-protocol
agreement with the GDR youth organization on a technical education program for
Ministry of State Farms workers and youth. Under this protocol agreement the
GDR youth organization will send instructors to Ethiopiia’ and technical’ éduca-
tion and professional in-service courses will be given to Ministry of State
Farms workers and youths selected by REYA at the Agricultural Equipment and
Technical Service Corporation Training Institute. The GDR youth organization
has been deploying members of (Werner Lamberz) brigade every year on state
farms in Bale and Arsi regions [southern Ethiopia] for harvest work and
agricultural equipment maintenance in line with its agreement with REYA since
1981. It was disclosed by REYA that a brigade would arrive in Ethiopia soon
for the same purpose. [Text] [Addis Ababa in Amharic to Neighboring
Countries 1600 GMT 18 Sep 85 EA]

CSO: 3400/1198

55



JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

MOTIVES, BENEFITS OF GOVERNMENT DISSOLUTIONS EXPLAINED
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 23 Aug 85 p 7

(Editorial: "Instructive Significance of Dissolutions of the Revolutionary
Government")

[Text] The balance of 2 years of revolution is very positive, both on the
political level and that of economic and social transformations:

~-Establishment of the people's power in all the sectors of activity of our
society,

--Free housing for 1985,
--Lowering of school fees,
--Vaccination campaign,
--Sourou project, etc.

The revolutionary process has strengthened and will further strengthen, to the
displeasure of the internal and external enemies supported at arm's length by
the financial powers.

The errors and shortcomings revealed here and there, and criticized without
indulgence, do not detract from this positive result.

However, how can we explain that our revolutionary experience has had two
government dissolutions in 2 years?

Though the need for political clarification on the eve of the first
anniversary of the People's Democratic Revolution (RDP) basically explained
the dissolution of the first revolutionary government in the eyes of the great
majority of party members and all the people, it must be said that the
dissolution of the second revolutionary government was a real surprise to many
comrades as well as to some friends of the RDP, and prompted some questions
among them, even some concern. Some asked if this dissolution was not a
repudiation of all the ministers. Had there not been some among them who had,
in the accomplishment of their mission, given satisfaction to the people and

21



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mation was summarized or extracted. :

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
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mpage ¢

On September 5 the
main news item on the *
> BBC world service was |
: that the rand was reel-
ing, yet again, while in
Cape Town, for the first

|‘ urb of Gweru had the du-

bious honour of being
-the first non-African in
Zimbabwe to have his;
home “junked” because
he was suspected of sym-,
pathizing with govern-
ment opponents. He lost.

time in current unrest, {* R5 000 worth of new fur-:

violence spilled over
into one of South Afri-
ca’s white residential
areas. . .

On that same day the|:
handful of foreign corre-|;
spondents based in Har-|,
are were catching up
with belated reports
from Gweru of a striking-
ly similar nature which, i
however, failed to fea-
ture in the BBC bulle-
tins, possibly because
they appeared too vague,
and rather stale by the
time they were put on
the wires. ‘

A_week-long rampage |
by Zanu (PF) Youth Bri- |
gade members in the
Midlands left at least

four people dead. A}

coloured railwayman in,’
what was until 1980 an’
exclusively white sub-'

CSO: 3400/1179

i Uninguret

niture, not yet paid for’
on’ hire purchase, and!

Murder.

Gweru, for many years
magnificently covered
by the indefatigable;
John Manning of the’
Bulawayo Chronicle, is;
now more than ever “a!
lay-by with lights” from:
a press point of view. +

It is hard to find any
independent source in}
Gweru to confirm de-'
tails, but it appears 30;
homes were attacked in
the “low-density” sub-,
urbs of Athlone, Lundi!
Park and Brackenhurst,|
besides countless others
in the black townships of
Mkoba and Mtapa and!
the outlying Silobela;
area, where the murder’

~t

© Ohy-Aieva Mambone:
se * jeazanuto:

“by dissidents of two jDhlakama who have
Zanu (PF) officials !made rural Mozambique {
seems to have triggered: [ungovernable can feel.’
* the rioting. thankful they, too, have
! . The mother of a black. been spared the glare of ;
; Zimbabwean soldier !publicity which would
! away fighting in Mozam- Probably have shown
bique is understood to [them in a worse light
»have been among the. [than the Zanu (PF);
mobs' victims. ‘ Youth Brigade or the
_ , A British trade union. South African Police.
\ ist was heard protesting | Critics of Mr Mugab
on the BBC on Septem- jand President Botha
‘ber 6 that his members | alike may ponder the
“had seen for themselves | disturbing thought that
on their television |Current pressure for
screens the methods of | conformity with an inter-
} the South African police | Rational standard of mo-
“against our: brothers. ‘tality on human rights

: ” may not, in the end, com-
am sisters”, “pel a movement towards
Morality - ‘reater observation of

juman rights.
Zimbabwe, for one, Rather, it may favour a
:ean .be grateful there» situation in the Third
‘was no television film of | World where those who
‘the activity — or lack of | violate human rights to
it — of the Zimbabwe | the extent that observa-
police while the Mid-| tion becomes less and
;lands mobs. were ram-/ less practically possible,
paging. . become more and more
And the dissidents secure from the econom-
‘who murdered Mr Mu-‘, ic and political instabil-
abe’s officials, or the ity resulting from inter-
‘urtive minions of Mr national exposure.

5

115



JPRS#SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

MALI

REFORESTATION OF KATI REPORTED
Bamako L'ESSOR in French 17-18 Aug 85 p 7
[Article by Mohamed Soumbounou: "Reforestation In Full Swing"]

{Text] Last weekend was devoted to reforestation in Kati. The sendoff for

this crusade against deforestation began Saturday at SONAREM [National Company
for Prospecting and Exploitation of Malian Mining Resources]. The 440 officials
of this institution, under the direction of the general manager, Makan Kayentao,
began to pay off their debt toward nature. Four hundred forty saplings were
planted, a number that gives an idea of the motto underlying this activity:

"A tree for each official." There was one innovation--the 440 saplings included
fruit trees (mango trees and lemon trees). .

For Kayentao, reforestation was always a concern of SONAREM, because there is
a well-established tradition of this agency trying to restore vegetation.
Phosphate from Tilemsi, which the company currently mines, is used for fertilizer.

Along with the reforestation campaign, members of the UDPM [Democratic Union

of Malian People] subsection of the Kati Commune have mobilized to plant the
record number of 3,500 "nime" and "melina" saplings. Raymond Diakite, secretary
general of the subsection, stated, "This day of reforestation is part of a
larger reforestation program decided upon by the section. The activity under-
taken shows that the members of the committees have understood the importance
of the civic activity of reforestation."

9720
CS0:3419/555

64


JPRS“SSA¥85~097
9 October 1985

Meanwhile, during the course of yesterday morning, the Chinese women. visited
the production centers named "The Struggle Continues," and “Matchedje," as
well as the Machava Training Center.

Visit to Maputo
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Aug 85 p 10

[Text]. Yesterday morning, the delegation from the National Federation of Chinese
Women visiting our country at the invitation of the Organization of Mozambique
Women to learn about our women's struggle to build prosperity in Mozambican
society, visited the Museum of Natural History and the Bagamoyo Health Center
in Maputo.

For an hour, the delegation, headed by Guan Mingqian, chief of the National
Federation of Chinese Women, toured the facilities of the Museum of Natural
History, On that occasion, the Chinese women were accompanied ‘by Ana Sithole,
member of the OMM National Secretariat.

During the afternoon, the delegation held a meeting with the judges of the
People's Court of the city of Maputo, at a ceremony which took place in the
conference room of the City Committee. The photo shows a view of the visit °
paid to the Museum of Natural History.

Visit to Cashew Processing Plant
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 24 Aug 85 p 85

[Text] Yesterday morning, the delegation from the National Federation of Chinese
Women which has been on a visit to our country since last Tuesday, at the invita-
tion of its Mozambican counterpart, traveled to one, of the cashew nut processing
factories in the city of Maputo. It also visited the B-A-BA Children's Center.

At the cashew nut processing plant, the delegation spent. 2 hours touring the
facilities of that production unit. On this occasion, the delegation received
explanations of that factory complex's operation.

At the B~A-BA Children's Center, the delegation also toured the facilities,
visiting the sleeping quarters, cafeteria, classrooms and other places.

It should be noted that the delegation came to our: country at. the invitation of

the Organization of Mozambique Women, to learn about the struggle that Mozam-
bican women are engaged in to build the prosperity of Mozambican society.

2909
CSO: 3442/414 °

75



In his speech, the French official stated that the delivery of the donation
was a symbolic political act. He recalled that France had granted diplomatic
status to SWAPO representatives in Paris,and, lastly, noted that France's
withdrawal from the Contact Group had been a gesture of protest against the
group's ineffectiveness.

Speaking on behalf of SWAPO, Toivo Ya Toivo began by expressing appreciation
for France's demonstration of solidarity with the struggle of the Namibian
people and praised France's recent statements in the United Nations Security
Council condemning apartheid, as well as its recall of the French Ambassador
from Pretoria. "We are convinced that other steps will yet be taken against
the Pretoria regime," the SWAPO Secretary-General stated.

Concluding, Toivo Ya Toivo expressed thanks for the moral, material and
political assistance which the MPLA-Labor Party, the Angolan Goverment and the
Angolan people have given SWAPO, as well as the prestigious contribution from
the socialist community and other countries toward the cause of liberation

of the Namibian people.

12830
csO: 3442/397

i



FRELIMO Party, and have participated actively in the tasks of national
reconstruction.

Romao Mutisse further reported that the local party and state organs and the
units of the mass democratic and socioprofessional organizations are
functioning throughout the district of Marrupa, and their activities have been
positive, despite the difficulties being experienced by the district, the
majority of them resulting from the bandit actions.

"In addition to the district committee, we have four local committees and a
number of party cells distributed throughout the residential and work areas.
In addition, the dynamizing groups also function in those places where there
are concentrations of residents and workers. In some of these, the process of
party organization will be pursued later this year," Romao Mutisse said.

Going on to speak about the festivities planned to commemorate the 20th
anniversary of the beginning of the armed national liberation struggle, he
said that the preparations for these events will provide the operation of the
party organizations on various levels in Marrupa with greater impetus.

He added that during this period, and in response to the urgings of the
political bureau of the Central Committee of the party, all of the party cells
and dynamizing groups in the district have been revitalized. As a result of
this, the preparations for the 20th anniversary were in fact transformed into
a popular movement, culminating in a real popular festival on 25 September of
last year.

He further stressed that as a result of the political mobilization carried out
by the local committees and party cells, about 29,000 persons have
participated in the innumerable collective voluntary labor campaigns,
involving the cleanup and beautification of labor and residential premises and
the building of four classrooms in various parts of the district.

Located in the eastern region of the province of Niassa, the district of
Marrupa, with an area of 14,790 square kilometers, has a population estimated
at about 32,130 and a population density of three inhabitants per square
kilometer.

The population of Marrupa, peasants in the main, is engaged in the production
of corn, cassava, sorghum and sunflower seeds. These products, with the
exception of the last mentioned, constitute the nutritional base of the local
diet.

5157
cso: 3442/390

70



JPRS+SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

NATIONAL GRAIN OFFICE ROLE DISCUSSED
Ouagadougou SIDWAYA in French 22 Aug 85 pp 1,3
[Article by Alassane Traore, Jr.: "1.236 Billion Outstanding"]

[Text] An important meeting was held at OFNACER [National Grain Office] -head-
quarters on Tuesday, 20 August. The meeting was chaired by comrades Ani Tiousse,
head of the military cabinet of the presidency of the republic, who represented
the republic's president, and Mahama Sawadogo, high commissioner of the province
of Kadiogo. Speeches were given by comrades Tertius Zongo, CDR [Committee

for the Defense of the Revolution] delegate, Beni Tiere, general manager, and
Ani Tiousse, representative of the CNR [National Council of the Revolution].

The importance of the meeting lay in the fact that it was necessary to make
known both OFNACER and the task it has been assigned under the RDP [People's
Democratic Revolution]. It was also necessary to denounce the problems under-
mining the institution and to clarify the recent layoffs and suspensions taken
by the republic's coordinating councils last 14 and 16 August.

The speech by OFNACER's comrade general manager explained what in fact OFNACER
is and what its assigned mission consists of. OFNACER is a group of offices,

warehouses, and stores of grains--a public institution that is both industrial
and commercial which has legal status and is financially autonomous.

Under the RDP, however, OFNACER is a granary built to provide the people with
grain by collecting the national production, by importing grain when national
production is inadequate and by using food aid. The Office has 111 warehouses
with a storage capacity of 90,000 tons. At the present time OFNACER has 80,000
tons of grain stored throughout the country. Although the overall situation
appears to be satisfactory, it should be noted that OFNACER has experienced
political and ecénomic upheavals that have continued to the present.

The OFNACER CDR delegate emphasized in his speech the fact that OFNACER was
a tool of nepotism and favoritism and not a tool for providing for the people;
leaders of previous regimes stored only a single type of grain.

Comrade Tiousse defined the reasons for OFNACER's current problems. A total
of 1.136 billion CFA francs are in the hands of others, who are the ministers

28


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

SIERRA LEONE

BRIEFS

IRAN DONATES MEDICINE--The Iranian Government has donated to the government
and people of Sierra Leone drugs, medicine, and medical equipment valued at $5
million. This was disclosed during the Iranian charge d'affaires’ call on
President Stevens at State House yesterday, to present part of the consignment
to the government and people of Sierra Leone. President Stevens expressed
gratitude to the Iranian Government for such assistance which is highly
appreciated by the government and people of this country. On behalf of the
Ministry of Health, the chief medical officer, Dr (Diamond William) thanked
Iran for the assistance which she said will enhance their work. Present at
the ceremony were the acting minister of health, Dr Patrick Kamara; the
secretary to the president, Mr J.P.A. Koroma; and the secretary to the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mr Charles Wyse. [Text] [Freetown Domestic
Service in English 0700 GMT 18 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/1170

99



IJPRS“SSA“854097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

BRIEFS

SOVIET EQUIPMENT GIFT--A ceremony was held on 8 August at the National General
Secretariat of the Committees for the Defense of the Revolution (CDR) for the
official presentation of Soviet equipment to the CDR members. Those present
ineluded the USSR ambassador to Burkina Faso, members of the embassy, and
numerous People's Democratic Revolution (RDP) members.. Comrade Hien Kilmite,
CDR assistant national secretary general, presided. In his brief speech, he
emphasized that this equipment--four all-terrain vehicles, four movie
projectors, two generators, and numerous films--will be primary tools to
combat indoctrination, conquer ignorance, and reduce illiteracy. The
equipment is in addition to many other defense means given to our people by
the USSR. [Text] [Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 23 Aug 85 p 9]
9920

JEC MEETING--Members of the JEC [Catholic Student Youth] from the nine
dioceses in Burkina Faso met from 21 to 29 July 1985 in Kossoghin in a
national council meeting. During this conference, the 24th of its sort since
the movement was established in Burkina, the Catholic Student Youth militants
reasserted their commitment to the poor. This meeting, for which the theme
was "The JEC for Youth More Committed to Liberating Development," was in the
opinion of the outgoing national secretary an expression of "a new awareness
of the development systems which demean the working masses and the urgent need
to work and struggle for liberating development." During this meeting, the
JEC comrades planned lectures on the 5-year plan and the pioneer movement. On
the practical level, they helped the peasants in the village of Bisghin with
cultivation tasks and also reforestation. At the conclusion of the meeting,
Francis Kabore was elected as the new national secretary to succeed the
outgoing comrade, Gilbert Guigma. We hope that the comrades will always
remain faithful to this choice and will listen to the exploited and the
oppressed masses with a view to development favoring the masses. [Text]
{Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 9 Aug 85 p 6] 5157

cso: 3419/528

35



in the villages, and I was able to visit a number of villages where the
equipment is already functioning, managed by the local people themselves,
who bought it on credit from DEPA. Equipment for peeling rice instead of
the hated mortar and pestile, equipment for making palm oil, vehicles
hauled by animals, crushers for extracting the pits from fruit, all

are examples that are already operating in many villages.

In addition, in contrast to what is seen in Angola and Mozambique, the popu-
lation of Guinea, even in the most backward sections, already use the local
currency, the peso. They pay for peeling the rice, they pay their equipment
loans with the peso, and they have money saved. The local currency has come
to have value: while in Mozambique, for example, the metical is worth forty
times less in the black market than its official value, in Guinea, the peso
is worth only three or four times less, which makes it equivalent to the
CFA franc used in neighboring Senegal.

Self-sufficiency in food supplies for the interior is a fact, and today Guinea
is one of the African nations with the highest levels of rice consumption.
International aid given to Bissau is almost exclusively directed to the
capital, where the consumption of rice, the principal food of the Guineans,

is based in large part on importation: 65 percent of the rice consumed

in Bissau is imported.

With a better transportation network, mainly by water, because of the large
number of large rivers which cross all of Guinea, this number will be much
reduced.

The problem of distribution and marketing of products is one of the principal
concerns of DEPA right now, and some projects are underway to provide the
mans to the outlying regions for moving their surplus production. The South
region, for example, will be able to provide Bissau with large quantities of
rice, fruit, and fish; at the moment it lacks only the means of transport to
do so.

In the East zone, the country is also about to take some serious steps in
agriculture. In Contuboel, for example, seed analyses are being conducted
in order to select those that are best adapted to the climate and to drought,
and several dozen villages are to work with DEPA, the true motive force

in the development of Guinea. In several regions, mechanical pumps are to be
installed for irrigation of the fields.

Directed by young technicians trained at universities abroad, the regional
DEPA centers function effectively, and are controlled directly by various
international project-financing organizations, particularly the Food and
Agriculture Organization. The majority of the technical teams are Guineans,
while the number of foreign technicians is very small. The director-general
of DEPA is a Guinean engineer named Carlos Silva, whose reputation as a
competent manager has already spread to various western centers, where he is
regarded as "tough" from the standpoint of competence. The French, for
example, tell of cases of foreign technicians who showed themselves to be
incompetent in the field, and were quickly, 2 or 3 months later, sent back
to their country of origin.

60


of the Revolution] delegate, comrade Wogohire Abdou, who is also chairman of
the departmental coordination off In essence, he conveyed the gratitude
of tl nctor's militants to the ONMA aud, through it, to the CNR [National
Council of the Revolution] for its fair water policy.

For his part, the secretary general. of the Iligh Commission and prefect of Po,
comrade Quattara Tnossi Moise, r lled that water is a basic element and
expressed the hope that water posts would be built all over Po and throughout
Nahouri. "But," he told the inhabitants, "it will not be possible without
steadily increasing mobilization." The high commissioner, who spoke last
after unveiling the plaque, said that the water post was a priceless gift and
the result. of efforts by the ONFA's militants: a victory on the path to self-

ficiency in food, Comrade Martin Zongo said that besides the importance of
the water, the ceremony's underlying significance lies in the choice of the
name of Nelson Mandela, the South African patriot, now 67 years old, who has
spent more than one-third of his Life in prison, Zongo took the opportunity
to speak exhaustively of apartheid and the resistance by the people of Azania
[South Af | By naming their after Nelson Mandela, the
militants in Sector 6 of Po are symboli: ‘ing a Little water to their
South African brothers and sisters who are thi They also
hope that someday Nelson Mand , freed at the same time as his people, will
come to drink the water from this water post.

‘The high commissioner added: "lence the necessity to maintain this fountain
conscientiously and ‘to think of all. the oppressed and alj. those struggling
against imperialism when you come to draw water here." The high commissioner
took the opportunity to announce the upcoming establishment in Nahouri of a
o£ MOBRAP (the movement through which the Burkinabe also make their
ibution to the struggle against apartheid and racism). In order not to
depart from a long-established tradition in Burkina, trees were planted to
mark the happy occasion.

‘the first to engage in that activity before the authorities were a child (the
syubol of the €uture), a woman (the ~ign that everyone i involved), and a
wise maa (who will leave something for posterity). ‘The ceremony ended with
the announcement of good news to the militants: they will be able to draw
water from the new water post at no charge for 2 days, and according to the
ONDA official, the militants themselves will manage their fountain and receive
the profits Erom the sale of water.

11798
C80: 3419/539

31



JPRS*SSA~85409 7
9 October 1985

MALI

FOOD AID AGREEMENTS SIGNED WITH CANADA
AB201914 Bamako Domestic Service in French 1500 GMT 20 Sep 85

[Text] Two protocol agreements were signed between Mali and Canada in Bamako
this morning. The first concerns the supply of food aid for the 1985-86 year
in the framework of the program of the grain market reorganization. This
project for which Canada is contributing 4.5 million Canadian dollars, that
is, about 1.5 billion CFA francs, is aimed at liberalizing the grain market
and increasing the price of cereal products with a view to boosting agricul-
tural production in the perspective of food self-sufficiency attainment.

The agreement was signed for the Malian side by His Excellency Maitre Alioune
Blondin Beye, minister of foreign affairs and international cooperation, and
on the Canadian side by Mr Michel (Lessard), counsellor and first secretary of
the Canadian Embassy in Bamako, in the presence of the permanent under
secretary to the minister of state for firms and enterprises, Mr Soumana
Sakho. Mr (Lessard), who spoke first, said Canada will support, both
presently and in the future, Mali's efforts in the fight for food self-suffi-
ciency. Maitre Beye, for his part, emphasized the effectiveness of the
Canadian aid.

The second protocol agreement signed between the Malian and Canadian
Governments concerns a technical assistance project for the reorganization
program of the grain market, for a total cost of 500,000 Canadian dollars,
that is about 225 million CFA francs. The Canadian contribution to this
project will be supported by the efforts made by the Malian Government towards
a reorganization of the grain market, in the perspective of the food security
and self-sufficiency of the country. The documents of the project were signed
on behalf of the Malian Government by Mr Alpha Amadou Diaw, vice permanent
secretary of international cooperation, assisted by Mr Soumana Sakho,
permanent under secretary of the minister of state, and on the Canadian side
by Mr (Lessard), first secretary at the Canadian Embassy.

cso: 3400/1198

63



JPRS~SSA“854097
9 October 1985

SOMALIA

JOINT COMMUNIQUE WITH ITALY ON CRAXI VISIT
AU231553 Rome ANSA in English 1545 GMT 23 Sep 85

[Text] (ANSA) Mogadishu, Sep 23--Italy and Somalia voiced concern for
developments on the Horn of Africa and called for a peaceful settlement of
region strife in a joint communique issued here today at the end of Italian
Prime Minister Bettino Craxi's official visit to the country.

Craxi and Somali President Siad Barre also reiterated their support for the
desire of African nations and peoples to achieve economic and social develop-
ment for the sake of consolidating national independence without running the
risk of foreign interference.

Both sides also called for speedy settlements of the "grave" crises in the
Middle East, southern Africa, the Arabian Gulf, Afghanistan and Cambodia.

Aside from international affairs, Craxi and Barre also spent time analyzing
bilateral relations and the prospects of reviving cooperation between the two
countries in the economic, social and cultural fields.

They stressed the importance of keeping up periodic consultations at the
highest level for the purpose of stepping up bilateral relations.

CSO: 3400/1198

100


JPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

COMORO ISLANDS

BRIEFS

"ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT'--A former Comoran parliamentarian exiled in France,
Said Mohamed Adamou, affirmed at a press conference in Paris on Friday
that he escaped an "assassination attempt" which claimed the life of a
French national in the Comoros earlier this year. According to Said
Mohamed Adamou, a namesake Said Adamou, a Comoran of French nationality
living in Marseille, went to the Comoros on vacation last January.
Arrested shortly after the 8 March attempted coup against President Ahmed
Abdallah's regime, he was "tortured to death by mercenaries of the presi-
dential guard." The former parliamentarian affirmed that there was a
mistake and that. in reality he was the one to have been assassinated.
Following these events, Said Mohamed Adamou began legal action in a Paris
court for attempted assassination. Elected as a member of the Comoran
Federal Assembly in 1979, Said Mohamed Adamou created the Union of
Comoran Patriots (UPC opposition) in September 1981. Defeated in the 1982
elections, he went into exile in France the same year and was granted the
status of political refugee. [Text] [Paris AFP in French 0835 GMT

7 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/1158

41



The quantities of vegetables which have been received in the capital have come
from the provinces of Maputo and Gaza, the state production centers in
particular.

Along with the vegetable enterprise, private individuals, producing either in
backyard gardens or in the business and cooperative sector in the green zones,
have also supplied the markets in the capital with large quantities of
vegetables.

Supplies for the Balance of the Year

According to our information, the present prospects, based on the extent of
the areas being cultivated, indicate that the city of Maputo will have a
supply of garden vegetables until the end of this year.

The prices being charged both at the markets and at produce stores are still
high. But it is expected that they will drop gradually thanks to the heavy
competition provided by the state marketing sector, which, through direct
sales to the people at low prices, is serving as the link which will stabilize
prices for these products.

However, it is also expected that beginning in December and January, prices
will rise again because of the limited quantities of vegetables which will be
available in that period, since they will be out of season.

In any case, the projects being implemented by the farm authorities, linked
with the incentive provided by the price liberalization law, will make it
possible to guarantee a minimal supply of garden products even out of season,
such that in the future a continuous production cycle can be established.

5157
cso: 3442/390

83



been a beautiful psychological stroke for Savimbi's men," one diplomat says in
criticism. But the failure showed that in reality this affair was mounted by
the South Africans, which cast suspicion on many spectacular operations that
UNITA had claimed responsibility for.

Nevertheless, none of the Angolan leaders we questioned furnished credible an-
swers to the question of why the UNITA bases--which are very well protected, it
is true--are being attacked, even though they are known and located. "The Sov-
iets have no interest in ending the war, because then they would undoubtedly
be of no further use," a Western expert says. One thing is sure, in any case:
the big brothers from the East are not liked, and to observe the degree of sus-
picion with which«they:are-treated by. any Angolan customs officer or restaurant
waiter is enough to get some idea.

The misfortune that happened to the Soviet experts in Egypt who were sent home
by Sadat in 1972--is such a thing possible here? "With the war, it's impos-
sible for sure," an Angolan told us, "but if we have peace some day, why not?"
Meanwhile, the government is trying timidly to diversify its military equipment
a little. Francerecentiy sold 10 Dauphin and Gazelle helicopters* and some mil-
itary telecommunications equipment. The Belgians have been solicited for muni-
tions and the Swiss for Pilatus training planes.

The Difficult Dialogue with the United States

Moreover, the West is supplying Angola's basic civilian needs, with the major
suppliers being Portugal and the United States--especially through their oil
purchases-- France, Brazil and Spain.

But the failed Cabinda operation and, above all, the abolishment of the Clark
amendment, which lifts the interdiction against the American administration
giving aid to "UNITA's bandits"--using the terminology employed in Luanda, have
for the time being put an end to the difficult Angolan-South African dialogue.
The Americans and the South Africans are not playing the game, they are saying
in substance in Luanda. But who else is there to negotiate with? In the course
of his recent visit to Angola, Christian Nucci, the ministerial delegate for co-
operation and development, was able to measure the interest stirred up by
France's position vis-a-vis South Africa, especially as an "advocate" of the
"frontline" countries, to use Mr Nucci's expression, in the European Community.
The fact remains that Luanda's favored interlocutor is still Washington. The
United States, moreover, has offered counter~proposals for resuming the dia-
logue and they, we are given to understand, are being studied with the desire
to come up with an overall solution for the region's problems. Although Luanda
still: rejects the connection imposed by Washington and Pretoria between the
presence of Cuban soldiers on its territory and the independence of Namibia, it
seeks despite everything to preserve contact with Washington, thus avoiding private
discussion with Pretoria. The Angolan leaders, who believe that the troubles
in South Africa in no way affect their neighbor's power to destabilize, hope

on the other hand that the movements of anti-South African opinion in Washing-
ton will lead the American administration to greater flexibility toward them.
All the more so because they know they can count on the oil lobby that operates
in Cabinda. "It is significant in that regard," Lopo da Nacismento, the plan-
ning minister, told us, "that the American oilmen have informed us that if the

*Angola negotiated with Paris the purchase of a total of 25 helicopters, the
first group to include 6 (combat) Gazelles and 4 (patrol) Dauphins, for a val-
ue of 450 million francs.


COMORO ISLANDS

Briefs
"Assasination Attempt'

CONGO

Relations With GDR, Romania, Bulgaria Said Improved
(Antoine Malonga; CONGO-MAGAZINE, Jun-Jul 85) ...

Statements on Anniversary of Revolution
(MWETI, 15, 16 Aug 85) ......

Presidential Message
Speech Summarized
Editorial Comment

DJIBOUTI
Italian Medical Mission Runs Dispensary at Balbala
(LA NATION, 5 Sep 85) .. settee cece eee eeeeeee
Briefs
Palm Groves Disappearing
ETHIOPIA
Briefs

GDR Youth Organization Agreement
GHANA

Radio Commentary on South African Attacks on Angola
(David Anaglate; Accra Domestic Service, 17 Sep 85) .....

GUINEA BISSAU

Successes, Development Since Independence Described
(O JORNAL, 23 Aug 85) ssssececcccecececeesererececccerees

LIBERIA

Briefs
Ambassador to United Nations

MALI

Food Aid Agreements Signed With Canada
(Bamako Domestic Service, 20 Sep 85) ...seeeeseeeeeeceese

Reforestation of Kati Reported
(Mohamed Soumbounou; L'ESSOR, 17-18 Aug 85) ...+ssseeeeee

-e-

41

51

54

55

56

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62

63

64



the advent of the Third Republic, suggested that the BPIT should become a
Chadian Industrial Promotion Office (PROPITCHAD) supervised by the Ministry
of Trade. However, several months went by and the UNDP and UNIDO experts
did not come back to set up PROPITCHAD so that, to fill the vacuum, another
project was proposed to the government last November, which seems to be more
in line with the government's concerns and more easily adaptable to the coun-
try's present economic situation.

The project has three facets, as follows: stimulating economic and trade
departments in charge of promoting the country's industrialization, in par-
ticular the Directorate of Industry and the Chadian Industrial Promotion
Bureau; in addition, 30 businesses will be selected in the sectors of repair
and maintenance (garage, mechanical and electrical workshop), agrifood (bis-
cuit factory, bakery, flour mill), construction (masonry, carpentry, plumbing,
metal and wood construction, painting) to be given a boost; and, finally, 10
projects likely to receive bank financing will be entrusted to promoters,
This project, which somehow is a transition project, has already been trans-
mitted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation to the UNIDO head-
quarters in New York for consideration, amendment and signature. If it is
accepted, it would amount to a veritable revival of the BPIT.

As for the projects completed by his office, Mr Djemil Malloua indicated that,
since its creation, it has contributed to revive some Chadian industries.
Several studies were made, but unfortunately without the active participa-
tion of national promoters. Thus, with the advent of the Third Republic,

the first mission sent to our country by UNIDO submitted a project to the
government, and the project was completed. It was called "Emergency Assist-
ance to Chadian Businesses to Repair Industrial Equipment," and called for
UNIDO experts to make a tour to inspect and sometimes to repair businesses
and production units throughout the country. Another project was prepared
but not signed by the UNDP. As for the government, it obtained a line of
credit with the African Development Bank (ADB) through the Chadian Credit

and Deposit Bank (BTCD), and since then the BPIT has been operating with

this credit line. Also in this context, many businessmen have asked for

BPIT assistance in preparing their investment dossiers. Thus, more than 26
financing applications were filed with the BTCD. To this credit line granted
to the government by the ADB, we should add two more, amounting to 700 million
CFA francs, obtained from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and from the
Central Fund for Economic Cooperation (CCCE).

As far as information is concerned, which is one of the goals assigned to
the BPIT, Mr Malloua observed that the Chadian Chamber of Commerce and
Industry was better qualified for that job but, he pointed out, the office
too is involved. However, the BPIT director noted that the Committee ‘of
Chadian Businessmen does an adequate information job. "We receive many
dossiers from the provinces, in particular from Moundou and Sarh, and we can
definitely say that they are informed to a certain extent," he added before
stressing the good collaboration that exists between his office and the
businessmen committee as far as information on industrial promotion in Chad
is concerned. When asked about the immediate prospects of the BPIT, Mr Djemil
Malloua stated that his department does not operate as he would wish. This
was noted by the minister of economy and trade who proposed to make the

38


JPRS*SSA“85*097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

OFFICIAL PRAISES MORALE, DEFENSE EFFORTS OF POPULATION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 20 Aug 85 p 10

{Text] The first secretary of the Marrupa District Party Committee in the
province of Niassa has described the morale and the combat readiness of both
the armed forces and of the people as quite high. By way of example, Romao
Mutisse noted the fact that many hundreds of individuals of various ages have
come from a number of settlements to the district seat in recent days to
request weapons so that they can combat the armed bandits in their home
settlements.

"The combat readiness of our forces has been evident throughout the district
territory, despite the surprise attacks made by the bandits, who have,
moreover, been routed," Raoma Mutisse said. He added that this effort by our
armed forces has enabled the people of Marrupa to work in peace and calm,
increasing farm production on the one hand, and rebuilding the settlements
plundered and burned by the bandits on the other.

The first secretary of the Marrupa District Party Committee, who has analyzed
the political-military situation in the district, further said that in recent
days, several hundred young people have come to the party, state and defense
and security forces units to volunteer for training and equipment with a view
to the liquidation of the armed bandits. "This shows the hatred our people
have for these criminals," he said.

He reported that the armed bandits invaded the district of Marrupa on 2 July
of last year, when they attacked and burned the settlement of Mitoto, which
lacked any force to defend it at that time.

Making surprise attacks characterized by the murder of women, children and old
people, the theft of the goods of the people, and the destruction of economic
and social infrastructures, the bandits gradually spread to other zones in the
district, creating panic and terror among the defenseless peasants, their
favorite targets.

On this same occasion, Romao Mutisse emphasized that despite these barbarous

actions by the enemies in the fatherland, the people of the district of
Marrupa have reacted positively to the instructions and tasks set forth by the

69



Moreover, Sergio Pinca expressed the opinion that his firm's participation in
the 21st edition of the Maputo International Fair would allow for a better
assessment on the part of the exhibitors and visitors of what its production,
which is integrated into the national economic development, in fact, represents.

He noted: "The Mozambican-Italian joint commission, which is being formed with-

in a few days, will be a fundamental vehicle for expanding the cooperation that
exists between. our company and the Mozambican authorities."

2909
CSO: 3442/414 -

78



JPRS-
9 Oct

S

006026

SSA-85-097

ober 1985

ub-Saharan Africa Report —

 [EBIS

‘FOREIGN BROADCAST

~ t

| REPRODUCED BY ie : < 8
[NATIONAL TECHNICAL | : 12

INFORMATION SERVICE jigs : Ns
| ee 1 2Qy-

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE By
SPRINGFIELD, VA, 22161 |



JPRS“SSA*85*097

132-Day Average 9 October 1985

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 9

[Text]

DETAINEES, spent an average of 132 days in deten-
tion, the study! concluded after interviewing 176
former detainees.

The majority of detainees were held for periods
ranging from five days to six months, although nine
were held for more than a year and one was held for
550 days.

This has been disclosed in a study of detentions in
South Africa, published yesterday by UCT’s Insti-
tute of Criminology.

Written by Dr Don Foster and Ms Diane Sandler,
the study found that 51 percent of the sample had
been detained more than once.

Of the 86 who had been detained more than once,

43 percent had been detained twice, 27 percent,

three times and “as many as 30 percent had been
held four times or more”.

_ “Therefore it would appear that multiple deten-
tions are also a fairly standard part of the general
process of detention in South Africa.

Six-hour interrogations
“It is possible for the State in this manner to

detain persons for years without ever laying
charges.” the study said.

@ Interrogation sessions of detainees lasted, on
average, for 6,6 hours a time, according to the 176
former detainees interviewed.

“The majority of respondents, some 75 percent,
claimed to have been faced typically by between
two to five interrogators,” it said.

The study said the number of interrogation ses-
sions ranged from one to more than 40, while the
mean number of sessions was 11.

The study said the majority of respondents
claimed that teams of interrogators were not used.

It said this was “rather surprising” in the light of
the evidence in the Aggett and Biko inquests, and
the recent Van Heerden civil case, which all sug-
gested that teams were used on a fairly regular,
basis. i

“Perhaps the contradiction may be resolved by
hypothesizing that teams are restricted to the more
‘important’ cases.

“Twenty-seven cases, or 17 percent of the re-
sponding sample, did claim that teams of interroga-
tors were employed.” .

4 Techniques of Psychological Abuse

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 9

[Text] A HIGH proportion of
detainees in South
Africa claimed they had
been subjected to psy-
chological abuse during
their detention, a_Uni-
versity of Cape Town
study has found.

The 175 former detain-
ees reported having
been subjected to these
forms of abuse: False ac-
cusations (83 percent),
solitary confinement (79
percent), verbal abuse
(71_ percent), threats of
violence to self (64 per-
cent), contradictory
styles of interrogation
(57 percent) and being
given misleading infor-
mation (51 percent).

The study, which was
released yesterday by
UCT’s Institute of Crimi-
nology, said the various
forms of psychological
torture could be viewed
in terms of four main
classes of techniques.

104

The first category, the
majority, involved com-
munication techniques.

Some of these tech-
niques aimed to distort
or confuse the situation.

“False accusations,
misleading information
and offers of rewards are
of this sort. Others such
as verbal abuse aim at
humiliation or degrada-
tion...

“Misleading informa-
tion regarding family or
friends, or knowledge of
others’ torture, are all di-
rected at heightening
emotionally.”

The second class of de-
vices “such as solitary,
prolonged interrogation,
blindfolding. sham ex-

; ecutions and administra-

tion of drugs” could be
described as “mentally

*, weakening devices”.

“Sham executions and
threats of violence or ex-
ecution to self, family or


Briefs
Health Minister Visits Cunene
Sugar Production Figures Given
BENIN

North Korean-Donated Press Center Inaugurated. at Cadjehoun
(A. Ahounous EHUZU, 16 Jul 85) secs cccc ccc cc cece ccc ccecee

Briefs
IDB Loan to Benin

BURKINA

Motives, Benefits of Government Dissolutions Explained
(Editorial; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, 23 Aug 85).scc.cssececcees

Need for Establishment of Proletarian Party Urged
(Babou Paulin Bamouni; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, 26 Jul 85)....

Traore on Outcome of Nairobi Women's Conference
(Alima Traore Interview; CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, 23 Aug 85).

National Grain Office Role Discussed
(Alassane Traore; SIDWAYA, 22 Aug 85) ....ceccecceceecess

Water Projects in Po Described
(Martin Kabore;.SIDWAYA, 21 Aug 85) .....cecceececeececes

Unskilled Manpower Work on Rail Line
(SIDWAYA, 20 Aug 85) ..csseccccececcececcececeecuceeceees

New Sebhy Oil Depots at Bingo Opened
(CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, 23 Aug 85) ..cceccecececececececeees

Albanian Youth Delegation Pays Visit
(CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, 9 Aug 85) ...scecececscccccecececes

Briefs

Soviet Equipment Gift
JEC Meeting

Oil Products Import Regulation
(INFO-TCHAD, 15 Aug 85) ....csccecececeecece cece ee seeeees

Industrial Promotion Office Described
(INFO-TCHAD, 7 Aug 85) .ccceccesccccseccenceecctecceeces

STEE Reorganized, Renamed
(INFO-TCHAD, 9 Aug 85) .ccecsccececceccececeeeeceecueeece

she

17

18

20

21

24

28

30

32

33

34

35

35

36

37

40


friends.” as" well. as” wit-
ness of others’ torture
would all fall under such
a label.” t
The fourth category of |
psychological torture in-
cluded those techniques
which “primarily in-
‘volved humiliations, de-
grading actions an
acute embarrassment be- !
fore others”.
“Exerement abuse,
verbal abuse including
swearing and name-call-
ing, being forced to un- ,
dress or hold ridiculous
physical postures, are all
exercises of this type.
“Use of dogs to bite de-
tainees may also partly
‘be considered in this‘
‘ class, whereas use of
other animals such as.
snakes or spiders may be

classed as a form of ter-
ror induction.

@A surprisingly low
percentage of detainees
had reported contact
with inspectors of de-
tainees, although this
had increased in 1983-
1984.

In a sample of 173 for-
mer detainees, 17 per-
cent had reported con-
tact with inspectors of
detainees, but this went
up to 34 percent during
1983-4,”

The number of detain-
ees reporting visits by
medical officers had also
gone up, with 82 percent
reporting such visits in
1983-1984, compared to
the 64 percent of the
whole sample which cov-
ered detentions between
1974 and 1984.

JPRS=SSA*85*097
9 October 1985

Rough Manner Used
Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 9

[Text] ' tervi
ALMOST 70 percent of detainees interviewed

said their manner of arrest was aggressive, rough
or violent. .

The most frequent period of arrests was be-
tween midnight and 6am, with the modal time
being 4am.

‘The study, which was published today by UCT’s
Institute of Criminology, said most of the arrests,

_ 55 percent, took place at the homes of the 176
' detainees interviewed in the study.

Others were arrested at work, at the homes of
other people and schools.

The reported number of police involved ranged
from one to estimates of more than 90, but be-
tween two and four police was the most usual
occurrence.

cso: 3400/1178

105



JPRS#SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

TRAORE ON OUTCOME OF NAIROBI WOMEN'S CONFERENCE
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 23 Aug 85 p 46

[Interview with Alima Traore, head of the Burkinabe delegation to the Nairobi
conference, by A. 0., secretary for information of the Burkinabe Women
Communicators Association (ABC), APAC section; date, place not specified]

(Text] ABC: You led the Burkinabe delegation to the Nairobi conference.
What are your feelings following its conclusion? Are you satisfied? What
comments would you make?

Alima Traore: We are happy with the results that the conference achieved. It
was for us an important occasion and a platform for Burkina to make known
through its women's delegation the policy of the National Revolutionary
Council (CNR), since all the delegations brought messages of their respective
governments. We delivered the message of the Burkinabe women, and explained
the conditions that have been created for them by the CNR's policy.

However, I do feel one point of dissatisfaction. Nairobi was the scene of
bargaining, of compromise (fine) but also (to be regretted) renunciations.
This is what prompted us to introduce a motion of order on the final night
regarding paragraph 95, over which serious differences emerged.

This paragraph mentions, along with apartheid racism, imperialism and
neocolonialism, "Zionism" as an obstacle to achievement of the UN objectives

for women.

The opposition (one supposes) by the United States and Israel, supported by a
very small group of Western countries, succeeded in paralyzing committees and
plenary sessions, whereas settlements on the side made it possible to proceed
to a vote in other similar situations, apartheid for example.

Burkina, along with other countries, took care to disassociate itself from the
consensus that mentioned all the situations created by Zionism, in place of
the word Zionism. Thus, if you are referring to peace, peace does not exist
in Palestine, the entire Middle East, or South Africa. We remained faithful
to our position of condemning Zionism in our message.

26


Even greater hopes are placed in the coming cashew marketing campaign, for
which preparations are well along. Again concerning the production of cashews
in this most recent season, Nacala has a goal of 300 tons, which due to
various conditions has only been about 80 percent achieved.

In terms of truck garden crops, our reporters learned that this city is
already approaching total self-sufficiency. Some kale, lettuce and tomatoes
produced locally can now be seen in public market stalls, which almost never
happened in the past. All of this produce came from neighboring districts.

In the political-military sector, Nacala experienced a period of agitation and
panic between October of 1984 and the early months of this year. There was
talk of movements of armed bandits here and there, and there was an increase
in the wave of thieves stealing in the port and robbing homes. In view of
this situation, political steps were taken which resulted in the arrest of
networks of scandalmongers who were spreading panic among the people and in
the annihilation of the gangs of thieves. Today Nacala has already
experienced a period of calm, and all of those who do not want peace and
happiness for our people are regularly denounced.

In the view of the first secretary of the Nacala City Party Committee,
political work is being carried out parallel with the work of self-defense,
production and staffing of the people in the communal settlements and
neighborhoods, as well as the evacuation of some residents from dangerous
zones to areas which offer greater security.

5157
CSO: 3442/391

85



The company is participating in a Mozambican program financed by the Central
Fund for Economic Cooperation of France. It made 100 trucks available for use
in the agricultural marketing programs in Nampula Province, to which it

also sent atechnicianwho is responsible for the care and maintenance of the
trucks.

Commenting on its participation in the 21st edition of the Maputo International
Fair, Philippe Badets remarked that his firm's main objective is to make
contacts, primarily with the Mozambican users of its trucks.

He said: "Renault Industrial Vehicles is willing to increase its cooperation,
with a view toward the country's development."

2909
CSO: 3442/414

80


JPRS*SSA“85+097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

BILATERAL TALKS HELD WITH FRENCH DELEGATION
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 1 Aug 85 pp 1, 12

[Text] A French delegation, headed by Christian Nucci,
minister in charge of the Ministry of External Relations’
department of cooperation and development, now visiting
our country, met yesterday with Angolan representatives
for the purpose of engaging in bilateral talks; Angola
was represented by Planning Minister Lopo do Nascimento,
Foreign Affairs Minister Afonso Van Dunem "M'Binda" and
the People's Assembly's 1st Secretary Paulo Jorge; the
French delegation also placed a wreath on the sarcophagus
of the greatly missed President Dr Agostinho Neto.

The French delegation was received in the morning by Planning Minister Lopo do
Nascimento for an exchange of opinions on the methods of cooperation to be
discussed during the French leader's stay in Angolan territory.

The Angolan delegation was composed of Antonio Henriques da Silva, deputy
minister of planning, and representatives from the ministries of foreign
affairs, cooperation, banking, fishing and transportation. The French dele-
gation, in turn, consisted of Jacques Garceau, French ambassador to Angola,
Roland Bernerd, deputy from the National Assembly, and Germone Gazes, technical
adviser to the minister's cabinet.

During the brief conversation which preceded the closed-door session between
the two delegations, Lopo do Nascimento spoke of the pleasure with which the
Angolan Government views French policy with regard to the destabilization
being carried out by the apartheid regime in the southern area of our contin-
ent, a destabilization which is particularly affecting countries such as
Angola, Mozambique, Botswana and other Front Line member countries.

According to Lopo do Nascimento, "we cannot fail to perceive with a certain
degree of surprise that some developed countries are prepared to take positions
of condemnation with regard to the geographical quadrant in which these
situations are occurring, not to speak of the racial category of the people
who are experiencing those situations."

In referring to our country's problems, the minister of planning asserted that
"Angola is sharing in Africa's general problems, aggravated by the problems of
decolonization and destabilization fostered by the South African regime."


On the sociocultural level, we can be pleased with a number of achievements in
the fields of health, education, and sports. We would like to point out that
our country is the exceptional African country where education is free and
workers have a chance to participate in athletic events, It is true that much
remains to be done in this area, but the PCT's activity in the sociocultural
field show us that changes are being made and will continue to be made.

Analyzing the national and international economic situation, the third regular
congress had already denounced the effects of the worldwide economic crisis,
which were steadily growing and worsening in the Third World countries in
particular. It was in that context that the comrade chairman of the Central
Committee, in his message to the nation at the start of this year, called on
the people to organize for struggle against the perverse effects of the
crisis.

The structural adjustment program adopted at the conclusion of the latest
plenum of the Central Committee is therefore a logical followup: to the
considerable reflection being engaged in by the party with a view to the
liberation of our country. Those measures, which guarantee execution of the
plan, have once again galvanized the people's masses. Our people have reason
to hope: the numerous inauguration ceremonies and the many foundation stones
that have been laid are encouraging the people to show more discipline and to
work harder.

Long Live the 22nd anniversary of the 3 glorious days,
Department of Propaganda,

11798
CSO; 3419/548

50


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

petroleum subsidies, the executive director suggested that they should be
eliminated for private consumption and retained for commercial uses.
Commenting on the issue of countertrade, Dr Fasoora said although it had
provided a temporary relief for the country by enabling it to overcome some
foreign exchange constraints, it was not the solution to the economic
problems. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 19 Sep 5]

UK'S IMF LOAN STANCE CRITICIZED--The British Government has been condemned for
its unfriendly attitude to Nigeria over the IMF loan and the question of
apartheid in South Africa. A panel of discussion on Focus, a Radio Nigeria
Ibadan weekly program, said that Britain's advice to Nigeria to take the IMF
loan was selfish and in bad taste. They also remarked that the continued
accommodation of Nigerian fugitives in London was not in the best interest of
relations between the two countries. The panelists, however, blamed the last
military administration for not making enough efforts to secure the extradi-
tion of the fugitives. They were of the opinion that if the last administra-
tion had prepared solid charges against the fugitives, the court's decision
would have forced Britain to take a stand on their repatriation. [Text]
[Lagos Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 23 Sep 85]

RSA ANGOLAN 'INVASION' CONDEMNED--The DAILY TIMES and THE GUARDIAN comment on
last week's invasion of Angola by the apartheid South African troops. The
papers condemn the action of the racist regime and say it is a violation of
international laws. The DAILY TIMES advises the Western countries that have
continued to collaborate with the racists to call South Africa to order
because her unprovoked attack on neighboring countries constitutes a danger to
world peace and security. The paper, however, believes that the invasion will
only succeed in diverting attention from the (?forces) of history which is now
(?prevalent) in South Africa. THE GUARDIAN on its part commends Nigeria for
her quick response but advises that careful (?action) is taken to avoid the
paternalistic approach to the southern African problems as before. It warns
the country to realize that any action not based on consultations with all the
affected African states is bound to fail. The paper believes that for both
effective political and economic reasons the struggle against apartheid South
Africa is a collective responsibility of all African countries. Nigeria's
(?stand), according to THE GUARDIAN, will therefore be that of mobilizing the
entire continent or (?precisely) the Frontline states for a final onslaught
against racism. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1200 GMT 23 Sep
85]

ANGOLA, FRONTLINE STATES VISITED--A special Federal Government delegation is
to visit Angola to assess the damage done to that country following the
invasion of racist South African forces. The team, which will be led by the
minister for special duties, Air Vice Marshal Ishaya Shekari, will also
determine the form of assistance which Nigeria can render to Angola. The
delegation which will leave Lagos in a few days, will also visit the Frontline
States. The minister of external affairs, Professor Bolaji Akinyemi,
announced this to correspondents at Dodan Barracks today shortly after he and
Air Vice Marshal Shekari met President Ibrahim Babangida. Prof Akinyemi said
two other Nigerian delegations were expected to begin a tour of ECOWAS member
states soon. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 17 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/1169 92


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MACANGA DISTRICT COMMITTED TO ELIMINATING BANDIT GANGS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] The people of the district of Macanga in the northern part of the
province of Tete are committed to eliminating the actions by the armed
bandits, using the available local resources. In a brief report delivered by
the first secretary and administrator of that district, the people of Macanga
have promised to provide all the support needed to the elements of the Armed
Forces of Mozambique (FPLM [Popular Forces for the Liberation of Mozambique],
both in supplies and aid in the transportation of war materiel and in
reporting the hideouts of the armed bandits.

Thanks to this support, the Armed Forces of Mozambique succeeded in
eliminating about 70 armed bandits and capturing various items of war materiel
between April and June of this year.

Just as the people are committed to the struggle against the armed bandits, a
similar campaign to eliminate hunger, one of the basic conditions for the
better development of our country, is under way in the district.

Although some zones are still suffering from the criminal activities of the
armed bandits, the base-level structures of the party and the district of
Matanga have decided and are continuing increasingly to hold mobilization and
consciousness-raising meetings for the people, in order to raise the level of
political awareness among them and to perfect the organizational aspects.
This is being done in order to ensure greater unity and to move closer toa
consensus on this great and lengthy path toward socialism.

In farm production, this has been one of the most productive districts in the
province, and the people continue to be determined in their production
activities. The influx of the people of Macanga at the marketing posts has
been increasing.

The organization of the local and militia forces, mainly the mobilization of
young people to participate in the ranks of these forces, is achieving success
and participation by the young people.

Despite the immense difficulties facing the people of Macanga, their sympathy
and solidarity with the people of the neighboring districts have not been

71



JPRS*SSA4854097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

UNSKILLED MANPOWER WORK ON RATL LING
Ouagadougou SIDWAYA in I'rench 20 Aug 85 p 1

[Text] One ministry leaves the worksite and another
arrives. That is the pace at which work has been
proceeding on the Ouagadougou-lambao rail line ever: since
construction was inaugurated on | February 1985 by the
comrade -chairman’ of the CNR [National Council of the
Revolution] and president of the republic, Ca ‘Thomas
Sankara, With the same objectives as those ministries and
with exemplary enthusiasm, the "unskilled" (lumpen
proletariat) launched an assault on the railway worksite on
Sunday 18 August 1985. ,

Bicycle attendants, cart -pushers, and bootblacks--in short, all the
"rejects" making up the "lumpen proletariat” in our country--began their
conquest’ of the new railway on Sunday 18 August 1985, [ts construction was
started by the CNR in February 1985,

Before going to the worksite, those members of the people met with the
minister of family development and national solidarity. During their meeting
with her, she expressed her desire to participate in that battle of the rails.
And besides wanting to "lend a hand," all the components of the "Lumpen
proletariat" had contributed a not’ inconsiderable sum--considering their
social status--to the Revolutionary Solidarity und to be used for the
disaster victims in the Sahel. This shows clearly that the "rejects" are not
being outdone when it comes to participating in our country's socioeconomic
activities. So they invaded the railway worksite last Sunday, and it was in a
holiday atmosphere that the participants gave the best of themselves to
produce effective work. ach one demonstrated that there is no room for
fatigue in that place where muscular energy is the kind most in demand,

In response to questions from the press, some comrades taking part in the work
said they were satisfied with the policy being pursued by the CNR to give them
better living conditions by eliminating injustice. The era of "watch us eat
and you pick up the crumbs under the table" is now past. [veryone must eat at
the same table. ‘Those comrades at work also give their indefectible support
to the CNR and invite all those lagging behind to "catch the revolution train
as soon as possible." Because very soon, it will be too late,

11798
CSO: 3419/539

32


Metrology). Its experts, placed at the disposal of HYDRO-CONGO [National
Petroleum Prospecting and Exploitation Company], are providing beneficial
assistance with various stud initiated by the latter. Romanian specialists
have also contributed "effectively" to the execution of studies undertaken by
the Congolese Mining Prospecting and Exploitation Company (SOCOREM). To
expand that cooperation, Bucharest~GEOMIN recently agreed to form a company to
provide SOCOREM with consulting engineer services. In short, several projects
are ensuring great prospects for the development of Romanian-Congolese
cooperation, very especially in the field of mines and geology.

Congo and Komania also maintain trade relations that. are governed by the
agreement signed in Bucharest on 13 November 1963.

Although still low, Congolese imports of manufactured products are showing an
upward trend. ‘They totaled 590,289,000 CFA francs from 1974 to 198 Ixports
during the same period consisted solely of forest. species and are estimated at
413,822,000 CFA francs.

The People's Republic of Congo and the Socialist Republic of Romania signed a
cultural and scientific cooperation agreement in Bucharest on 13 November
1969, It was followed by the signing of numerous protocols that expanded
economic, technical, and scientific cooperation between the two countri

In the field of education, Romania grants scholarships to Congo for the
training of cadres in architecture, town planning, agronomy, textiles,
journalism, mechanical engineering, and hydrocarbons.

Scientific and technological cooperation remains unadventurous.

President: Sassou-Nguesso's visit to Romania led to the signing of a Congolese
Romanian treaty of fricndship. The two parties stressed the recovery of the
enterprises set up within the framework of bilateral cooperation: CHTRAB, the
SAPM, and the UTS.

Agriculture, stockraising, and forest. economy are the three dominant sectors
in cooperation between Congo and Bulgaria. A dozen new projects in all are
contemplated in the second 5-year plan (1987-1991), including the following:

1. A pork butchery at the farms in Owando and Loubomo.
2. A tomato agroindustry.

3. Regional production units for livestock feed in the Plateau, Cuvette,
Sangha, and Likouala Regions.

4. Fish breeding in floating cages and other projects.

Meanwhile, the projects completed or underway at. the mixed farm in Qwando and
the pig farm in Loubomo need addition.’ work. A Bulgarian mul sciplinary
mission is expected in Congo during the fourth quarter of this year for
discussions,

44


JPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

BRIEFS
NEW ENVOY APPOINTED--A presidential decree has appointed Ekoue K. Assiongbon,
an agronomist, to be ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the

Republic of Togo to the Kingdom of Belgium and Togo's permanent representative
to the EEC. [Text] [Lome Domestic Service in French 1230 GMT 17 Sep 85 AB]

cso: 3400/1172

113



JPRS#SSA“85+097
9 October 1985

achiovements of the movement of 5 Mebruary 1979, the chairman of the Central
Committ said: "We have returned to peace and democratic expression thanks to
the movement of 5 February 1979," and he also emphasized that we are engaged
in the vast economic program for building up our country.

ditorial Comment
Brazzaville MVEI'T in Vrench 15 Aug 85 p 3
[

[Text] ‘loday the Congolese people are celebrating the 22nd anniversary of the
revolution, marking the period from 13, 14, and 15 August 1963 to 13, 14, and
15 August 1985,

orial by the Department of Propaganda ]

They are doing so with legitimate rejoicing, because those 3 glorious days are
regarded in our country's history as the crowning achievement of a process
initiated agaiast foreign occupation and a government of national abdication,

That victory of the 3 glorious days must make us think of the long way we have
come along a path often strewn with obstacles. Tt igs also an occasion for
emphasizing our revolution's irreversible nature——an irreversibility made
possible thanks to comrade Marien Ngouabi's establishment of the Congolese
Labor Party. Pursuing that great and responsible commitment, President Denis
Sassou-Nguesso has led us to a movement for politicosocial adjustment: the
movement of 5 February. ‘that movement is one manifestation of the
irreversible direction taken by the Congolese Revolution.

the climate of peace and national concord inspired by 5 February has enabled
and enabling our people to win victories never known in the history of our
country until now.

Politically, the Congolese Labor Party is con: antly growing stronger and
winning the support of the masses, Implementation by the Central Conmittee's
chairman of the decisions reached at the third regular congress, notably as
regards supervision of the rank-and-file organizations of the party and the
people's government, conforms to that logic. ‘The democratization of national
life and the stabilization of revolutionary institutions have become
undeniable realities in the People's Republic of Congo.

Neonomically, implementation of the development strategy adopted at the third
special congress has yielded results that have transformed the face of our
country.

The most honest observers, while acknowledging the correctness of the
political leadership's analyses as regards planning, say that Congo is being
built. The recovery of the state-controlled production sector, the opening-up
of the hinterland, and development of the policy on health and schools are all
specific actions that cannot leave the masses indifferent.

49



Congolese-bulgarian cooperation covers many other sectors as well: trade,
tourism, education, and scientific research. ‘The volume of trade between the
two countries is low, but possibilities exist. That is why the major. joint
comission, at its sixth session, recommended the exchange of trade missions
and participation in fairs as a way of improving mutual familiarity.

Bulgaria is already offering Congo miscellaneous industrial trucks, machinery,
trucks, transportation and handling equipment, products of the food processing
industry, chemicals, and fertilizer. Jt hopes to buy such Congolese products
as petroleum, cocoa, lumber, concentrates of nonferrous metals, and so on.

Cooperation between Congo and Bulgaria in the field of education is very
fruitful. Many Congolese nationals have benefited from considerable training:
nearly 200 Congolese students and trainees are pursuing their studies in
Bulgaria in the fields of medicine, polytechnic sciences, agriculture, human
sciences, tourism and the hotel business, and so on.

During their meetings in Sofia, Todor Zhivkov and Sassou-Nguesso expressed
satisfaction with the development of multifaceted cooperation between Bulgaria
and Congo. They expressed their desire to develop it further.

For that purpose, they signed a statement on the development of relations of
friendship and cooperation between their two countries. Also signed were the
program for cultural and scientific cooperation between the two governments
in 1985, 1986, and 1987 and a rider to the framework agreement. on terms for
the granting of commercial credit that had been signed on 2] ptember 1981,

Overall, President Denis Sassou-Npuesso's visit to the GDR, Romania, and
Bulgaria enabled the People's Republic of Congo to strengthen its economic
relations with its "natural allies," the socialist countries.

11798

CSO: 3419/547

45



JPRS*SSA*85~097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

DELEGATION OF CHINESE WOMEN VISITS COUNTRY
Received by OMM
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 22 Aug 85 p 1

[Text] Yesterday afternoon, Salome. Moiane, secretary general of the OMM [Organi-
zation of Mozambique Women], received at the organization's headquarters in
Maputo the delegation from the National Federation of Chinese Women which has
been visiting our country since Tuesday at the invitation of its Mozambican
counterpart.

During the meeting, new types. of cooperation between the two organizations were
viewed, and the desire to convey their experience was also demonstrated by the
Chinese women.

Upon greeting the visitors, Salome Moiane said: "It is a very great joy for me
to receive you at the OMM national headquarters. Here, together, we shall
exchange views so as to enable Mozambican women to experience the real situation
of Chinese women, and vice versa."

Guan Mingian, chief of the Foreign Relations Department of the National Federa-
tion of Chinese Women, in turn, expressed gratitude for the invitation tendered
by the OMM to visit the RPM; and noted that, during their stay in Mozambique,
they would be able to learn a little about the real siutation of Mozambican
women, their difficulties and their successes in the work aimed at building
prosperity for the Mozambican society.

At one point, Salome Moiane commented: "I think that the comrades from China are
minimally informed about the war situation that has beén brought to us by the
imperialists, through the. armed bandits, and about the consequences of the
natural disasters that have devastated most of our country for over 4 years.
These two disasters have contributed greatly to deterring our development.
Hence, it is against these evils that we are now struggling, and we hope for
support from any sister of ours."

Guan Mingian remarked, in turn:. "Your difficulties are ours. Therefore, we must
together seek methods for resolving them, and the National: Federation of
Chinese Women will study the backing to be given to Mozambican women, insofar
as it is able."

74



JPRS+SSA“85+097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

NACALA ESTABLISHES PLANS FOR COMING FARM SEASON
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Aug 85 p 3

{Text] The port city of Nacala in the province of Nampula is waging a struggle
for self-sufficiency in food and social stability. In fact, the people of
this city, supported by the party and state structures and the mass democratic
organizations, set themselves the challenge 2 years ago of ending hunger and
the attacks by armed bandits which are still being experienced in some eity
zones.

In connection with this battle, a number of meetings were held at the outset
to sound out the views of the people and to study ways in which Nacala could
eliminate its dependence on neighboring districts for some food products.

As a result, mobilization brigades made up of members of the city party
committee, its assembly and the mass democratic organizations were established
to work with the people in various localities, with a view to a survey of the
area to be utilized and distribution to the peasants.

Despite some difficulties encountered throughout the productive process, the
campaign has developed in satisfactory fashion, and with the marketing of the
surplus products, nearly 400,000 kilograms were obtained. The surpluses
marketed in Nacala included some leading products serving as the food base for
the people, in particular rice, cassava, corn and beans.

"We can state with a certain pride that this experiment was a real success.
The fact that the population, in addition to having kept a part of the harvest
for self-consumption and for seeds, has gone to the previously established
marketing stations to sell the surplus, is proof of this. We promise to
consolidate this experiment, expanding it to other areas, in order to minimize
the dependence of this city for food," Daniel Cueteia, first secretary of the
Nacala Party Committee, said with regard to the efforts pursued in that zone
of the province with a view to self-sufficiency.

Good Marketing Results
We learned, on the other hand, that the 1984-1985 farm campaign was the best

in every respect, and therefore good results are expected from the marketing
campaign in progress throughout the province of Nampula.

84


office independent as in the past. A commission was created to that effect,
but it has not yet submitted its conclusions.

Mr Malloua's immediate concern is to start the project called "Assistance to
Small and Mid-Size Industries" in Chad as soon as possible. The BPIT director
expects that this project will.make it possible to revive these small and
mid-size industries and ensure their independence in several respects to the
largest possible extent. Another concern of the BPIT, not to say a vital
problem, is that of finding financing sources, as the office has survived
only thanks to UNIDO subsidies. This UN organization discontinued its aid
when its experts left. Mr Djemil Malloua also observed that the concept of
small or mid-size business is still not well understood in some Chadian
circles. Nevertheless, he feels that what is needed is a veritable campaign
of information and awareness, and he counts on the power of the media to let
all the country know about the BPIT, an indispensable instrument serving our
country's economy. (Chadian Press Agency).

9294
CSO: 3419/538

39



Licensing to Monitor Trade

According to Laine, the monitoring licensing will be implemented "technically
as fast as possible." The decision on the issue will be made by the cabinet.
Licensing enables detailed monitoring of the implementation of the
restrictions now agreed upon. Since the restrictions are voluntary, it cannot
be guaranteed that, for example, small importers will agree to them.

During the first part of the year, more than 21 million markkas' worth of
fresh fruit have been imported from South Africa. The most significant import
item is citrus fruit, imported mainly during June-October. This autumn,
stores will still carry South African fruit, since the import agreements
already have be made. .

During the period of January-June, the imports of preserved fruit from the
country concerned accounted for approximately 4.4 million markkas. At the
same time, the share of raw materials of the imports was approximately 22.5
million markkas.

The cabinet is not authorized to prohibit trade with South Africa. Imports and
exports could be restricted by law if there were a decision by the Security
Council of the United Nations. ;

The Ministry of Trade and Industry, together with the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, is preparing a law of a general nature, which would authorize the
Cabinet, if necessary, to interfere with the trade between Finland and South

So far, the import restrictions do not apply to viscose cellulose, imported
this year from South Africa for almost 20 million markkas by Sateri Oy, a
subsidiary of Kemira.

According to Minister Laine, the imports of cellulose will be investigated.
According to him, it would be possible to import viscose cellulose from
elsewhere.

Heikki Hamalainen, the director of the fiber section of Sateri, reports that,
pricewise, the South African viscose cellulose is the most competitive, i.e.
more economical than the corresponding cellulose imported by Sateri from
southern Europe and the United States.

In Finland, the manufacture of viscose cellulose has continued to decrease,
since factories have been closed during the past few years.

So far, no agreements have been reached on restricting exports to South
Africa. Last week the representatives of the forest industry reported to Laine
that it is not possible to stop paper exports to South Africa. This year,
during the period of January-June, about 125 million markkas' worth of paper
and cardboard have been exported to the country concerned.

12956

CSO: 3498/8
109



JPRS~SSA-85-097

9 October 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

CoNTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

Briefs
Arab-African Cooperation Talks
RSA's Nkomati Violations Condemned
Mano River Union Summit

ANGOLA

War Situation Analyzed
(Francoise Chipaux; LE MONDE, 21 Aug 85) ....e.eseeeeee

Commander of 5th’ Region Troops on RSA Threat, UNITA
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 2 Aug 85) .eeiececesecceccveceeseees

Bilateral Talks Held With French Delegation
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 1 Aug 85) seseeseessecuvecseeseseees

France Donates Trucks to SWAPO, Local UNICEF
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 2 Aug 85) ....seeees See cece eaten eeeee

Power Outage in Huila, Namibe Reported Due to UNITA Attack
(J. Graca; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 9 Aug 85) ...esc cess eee see

USSR To Send Technicians To Build Kapanda Dam
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 4 Aug 85) ..cecesec cece seen scene sees

$91 Million Loan Granted to SONANGOL
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 27 Jul 85) ..sssecneccesecseciceeees

New Oil Field Discovered in Tubarao
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 30 Jul 85) ..csseeceee esas sees sceeee

Phosphate Project in Cabinda Described
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 11 Aug 85) ceesesseresssee se scneeene

BRR

10

12

13

14

15

16



83 Percent Report Assault

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 9

[Article by Barry

(Text]

A NATION-WIDE survey
of 176 former detainees

has found that 83 per- :

cent said they were
physically assaulted
while in detention.

It also found that 69
percent of white detain-

ees claimed no form of |

physical torture, but 93
percent of black detain-
ees said they had been
assaulted.

These findings have
been disclosed in a pre-
liminary report of “A
Study of Detention and
Torture in South
Africa”, which was pub-
lished yesterday by the
Institute of Criminology
at the University of Cape
Town.

‘Distressing’

The study, written by
Dr Don Foster and Ms Di
Sandler, said: “These re-
sults provide clear and
definite evidence that
physical torture occurs
on a widespread basis
and constitutes a system-
atic and common experi-
ence for those detained
for interrogation pur-
poses under South Afri-
can security legisla-
tion.”

It said the forms em-
ployed and the frequen-
cy of use made “distress-
ing reading’, and
challenged and contra-
dicted in no uncertain
terms the standard ut-
terances of State offi-
cials claiming that tor-
ture does not occur in
South Africa apart from
a few isolated errors of
judgement.

“These data on the
contrary show that it is a
standard form of treat-
ment meted out during
detention, particularly
in the case of young
black detainees.”

The academics inter-
viewed 176 former de-
tainees, 127 of whom

Streek]
“were black, , 18
coloureds, 18 Indians

13 whites who had
ped, in detention be-
tween 1974 and 1984.
Only four people who
had been in detention in
1984 were interviewed.

Most, 53,2 percent.
were connected with stu-
dent organizations, 14,5
percent with trade
unions, 12,1 percent with
community work and 8,7
percent with political
organizations. .

Only 17 questioned on
the issue said they had

in detention.

“The most frequent
form of torture (75 per-
cent) was beating, which
included punching, hit-
ting, kicking, slapping as
well as beating and
whipping with a variety
of implements and other
forms of assault.

“The next three most
frequently reported
forms of physical abuse
were forced standing (50
percent), maintaining
abnormal body posi-
tions, which includes
-erouching, standing on

stretched, holding
chairs or other objects
above the head, and
holding a position as if
sitting in an imaginary
chair (34 percent) and
forced gymnasium-type
exercises (28 percent).

“In addition 25 per-
cent reported’ having
been subjected to elec-
trical shock, 18 percent
to strangulation either
by hand or by means of a
cloth or towel and 14
percent to suspension in
various forms.

“Other froms of phys-
ical torture were report-
,ed by 27 percent of
cases.”

These included: Mana-
eles, including hand-

not been assaulted while .

toes with arms up-|

cuffs, legs constantly,

chained and chains
placed around neck (15
percent); pulling out or
burning hair or beard 6
percent); genital abuse
(3 percent); and falanga,
which involves beating

the soles of the feet with
some implement (3 per-
cent).

A further range of
abuses were reported in
one or more cases and
included ‘‘being
wrapped in canvas, kept
barefoot, burning match-
sticks placed under
nails, sand in shoes
while doing exercises,
being thrown into the air
and allowed to fall,
given salted water to
drink, hands cut with
knife, placed in boot of
car, nose twisted, finger-
nails crushed by brick,
petrol poured over body
and set alight, breasts
squeezed, held out of a
moving car, tied to a
tree, and scrubbed on
face and body with a
hard brush. .

“Even this substantial
list does not entirely ex-
haust the range of
abuses reported.”

The report said the

«frequency of females

102

claiming physical tor-
ture was generally lower
than for males, with the
exception of forced
standing and excessive
heat and cold.

There were higher fre-
quencies for blacks than
other groups of “virtual-

ly every form of torture” -

evidenced. +

The results. showed
that the youngest age
group, below the age of
20, was “apparently the
most heavily tortured”,
with only seven percent
claiming no physical tor-
ture.

They also showed that
the physical abuse of de-

JPRS#SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

tainees was most severe
in the Eastern Cape and
Border, “only five per-
cent and nine percent
respectively claiming no
torture”, and respon-
dents in the Western |
Cape claimed the least
frequency of physical
torture (56 percent
claimed no torture).


IJPRS+SSA“85+097
9 October 1985

LIBERIA

BRIEFS

AMBASSADOR TO UNITED NATIONS--The Liberian ambassador to the United Nations,
Mr Sylvester Jarrett, has presented his letter of credence to the secretary
general of the United Nations, Mr Perez de Cuellar. The ceremony took place
yesterday at the UN city [as heard] in New York. Mr Jarrett was recently
appointed as Liberia's ambassador to the United Nations by the head of state,

CIC [Commander in Chief] Dr Samuel Kanyon Doe. [Text] [Liberia Radio ELWA in
English 2000 GMT 19 Sep 85 AB] .

CSO: 3400/1172

62


JPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

beyond the control of our young countri us not wait until the danger
appears before protecting ourselves. Let. us ate the conditions that will
preserve us from the scourges that are the daily lot of our brothers in
several African countries, Let us prepare for the future of those thousands
of children thirsting for knowledge but in danger of winding up unemployed
when they leave school. It is to that that the party and government are
applying themselves, and it is toward that battle for survival and progress
that all our efforts must tend. It is wi that. framework and from that
standpoint that we have made the national ap in the face of the perverse
effects of the crisis the keynote of 1985. May the energy that impelled us
during those glorious days in Aug gust 1963 serve today as a stimulant to our
determination to overcome the is so as to make our country a nation that
is united, free, proud, and prosperous in work, democracy, and peace.

Long live the 22nd anniversary of the 3 glorious days!
Long live the revolution!
Immortal glory to President Marien Ngouabi!
All for the people, only for the people!
Thank you.
Speech Summarized
Brazzaville MWEIT in French 16 Aug 85 p 1
{Text ] On the occasion of the 22nd anniversary of the revolution which took
place on 13, 14, and 15 August 1963 and which will be commemorated this

morning with a big parade on the Boulevard des Armees, President Denis Sassou-
Nguesso addressed the nation on Wednesday evening:

"Calling to mind the glorious battle waged in unity by the Congolese people
against the regime of neocolonialism and national abdication."

The chairman of the PCI [Congolese Labor Party] Central Committee stressed the
importance of unity in battle.

e able to fight. and conquer the enemy and
ons behind us." The president of the
republic praised the Congolese peop] 's efforts and their determination to
defend the achievements of tt glorious day "That fact must be forever
inscribed in our memory as an inalienable legacy and an invigorating memory,"
he emphasized. President Denis Sassou-Nguesso stressed the fact that “in
facing the future that we were to ith determination, we had to learn
the lessons of the past. Our di always enabled the enemy to find
the weak spot in our ranks and stifle our action."

He said: "hanks to unity, we wer
leave our tribal and regional div:

He continued: "The unity of revolutionaries is thus the most certain guarantee
for speeding up the process of national construction." Referring to the

48


To be a good believer means therefore to show extreme. wisdom, one of the remark-
able qualities of the Prophet Mohammad (PSL) about whom a great sufi said: "l
believe in Mohammad not because he split the moon and broke stones, nor because
trees gathered together and plants and bricks spoke, but because, with perfect
wisdom, he forbade his companions and the community to drink wine which became
an illegal beverage by his order."

Why then should we not be surprised. when Senegalese Muslims quarrel among them-
selves and slander each other?

What is even worse is that this slendering is done publicly and all means are
good to spread these denigrations, whether through the written or the spoken
word, etc. Deviation! Yes, deviation on the part of the Senegalese Muslims
who forget that unity is more than mandatory at a time when Islam is facing
innumerable challenges. The call for unity must therefore be the leitmotiv of
Islamic associations. The Muslim Cultural Union has understood this well by
regrouping within its association Muslims from all the brotherhoods of Senegal.
It is the continuation of the work of our. great faithful who were our eminent
scholars, such as Sheikh Oumar Foutiyou Tall, Seydi el Hadji Malick Sy and
Sheikh Ahmadou Bamba. The standing goal of these scholars was to ensure unity
and fraternity among all Senegalese Muslims. However, how can this unity be
achieved if Muslim believers from the Senegalese Muslim Umma have to be ex-
cluded simply because they do not share the same religious opinions. To be
sure, it is just to warn Muslims against corruptive intentions which have
strayed from the right path.

But it does not mean disparaging people whom one suspects, sometimes unjustly,
and whom one tries to alienate from the whole Senegalese community. It is
therefore necessary to insist on the fact that any Muslim has the right to
practice his religion according to his own ideal, the main thing being that he
causes no prejudice to others by preventing them from practicing their religion
freely. Once again Allah is the sole judge and he, alone, is omiscient.

Any Islamic association must become aware that it has a great role to play in
upholding freedom of opinion and thought in Senegal, for the constitution of
our country invites. us to do so’and Islam also compels us. But in order to
achieve this, it is necessary for the spirit of democracy, mutual trust and
dialog to rule among the members of the Islamic associations which would then
establish structures in which all Muslims could enhance and strengthen their
qualities as pious and virtuous men and be aware of the respect which they must
pledge to their neighbors.

Therefore, may all Senegalese Islamic associations instill these Islamic values

into their members and all Senegalese in order for Senegal to remain a sound
country, because rooted in democracy.

6857 :
csO: 3419/532

97



their political leadership and therefore deserved their confidence? Was there
not a risk of stalling the affairs of state? Our young revolution is
demanding, and if shortcomings here and there in carrying out eertain
important, tasks are thus to be regarded as reasons for dissatisfaction, then
others wonder whether these shortcomings were enough to justify dissolving the
government. Would not a simple cabinet reshuffle have been more appropriate?

As for national and international reaction, it was already rejoicing at the
report of the naive notion that the revolution was experiencing a crisis, and
it was again cherishing its constant dream: to regain its lost paradise.

The comrade Faso president explained at his meeting with the press on 16
August 1985, in a clear, precise, reassuring, and revolutionary way, the
meaning of the government dissolution. Nothing to do with the many
predictions being bruited in the streets. The comrade president showed that
the revolutionary government dissolution was nothing but a "revolutionary
instructional device to remind everyone that no one is irremovable in his
position."

What does this mean?

Under the reactionary regimes, people who had been promised responsible
positions (ministers, directors, secretaries general, and other political
posts) behaved like feudal lords on their thrones. They managed public
affairs like legacies from their father, to their own profit and that of their
friends of the reactionary class. Intrigues, plots, buying of consciences,
traffic in influence, and all kinds of base maneuvers were used by the
reactionaries to cling to their positions as long as possible, regardless of
the interests of the people's masses. Thus, they cultivated the myth of the
high positions and the cult of the indispensable leadership.

This attitude of running after the high positions and then holding onto them
at all costs unfortunately affects some of our comrades, who have a tendency
to forget that the people will judge them only on the basis of their concrete
work, their spirit of initiative, and their revolutionary creativity. Is this
not a real danger to which the comrade president wanted to draw our attention
when in his 4 August message he condemned "the purely ambitious neofeudals,
winner-oriented, and phrasemakers who wield power like a dynastic right" and
“whose revolutionary attention can be summarized as insuring close ties with
the most highly placed leaders."

In our revolutionary administration no one is irremovable, and relieving a
comrade of his position does not always mean repudiating him. A period in a
position of responsibility can be an opportunity for each of us to acquire
experience in management and leadership that may be useful to pass on to other
levels in the field. Leaving a ministerial post for another position of
struggle should therefore not be perceived as an unpleasant event that shakes
revolutionary determination. Those of our comrades who have worked very close
to the political leadership of our revolution have certainly acquired
revolutionary methods that make them better able to instill a new dynamic in
the action to transform our society at whatever level they may one day find
themselves.


JPRS+SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

. BENIN

NORTH KOREAN-DONATED PRESS CENTER INAUGURATED AT CADJEHOUN
Cotonou EHUZU in French 16 Jul 85 pp 1, 8
‘[Article by A, Ahounou]

[Excerpt] It was in a holiday atmosphere enhanced by pennants, flags, and
effigies in praise of the chiefs of state of Benin and North Korea that the
new Press Center located: in Cadjehoun--a gift from the North Korean people to
the people of Benin--was inaugurated yesterday in Cotonou.

Participating in that important ceremony were the members of the Central
Committee of the People's Revolution Party of Benin, the National
Revolutionary Assembly, the National Executive Committee, the North Korean
community in our country, and an impressive crowd of men and women militants
in our democratic people's revolution.

The imposing press facility--a dazzling jewel in North Korean-Beninese
cooperation--covers a total of 1,700 square meters. Its construction, which
began on 2 January 1981, cost 1 billion CFA francs, of which 500 million CFA
francs were paid by each of the two parties. It consists basically of the
following:

1. A working unit of 966 square meters.

2. A two-story administrative unit measuring 734 square meters.

3. A sentry box.

4. A fence.

5. Annexes.

6, Miscellaneous roads and networks.

Speaking at the inauguration, the DPRK's ambassador, Kim Sung-hwang, began by
saying that construction of the Press Center reflects the days of work and

pride that were wholeheartedly established between Beninese and North Korean
workers. anf

18


UCT REPORT REVEALS MOST DETAINEES TORTURED

Methods Used 'Scientific'

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 pl

[Text]
A REPORT publi:

shed by the Uni-~

versity of Cape Town has found that

83 percent of 176

former detainees

interviewed claimed they had been -
_assaulted while in detention.

* ‘The report, released |
yesterday, concluded |
that “torture in both |
physical and psychologi-
zal forms has been prac-

wake of two court or-
ders, in Durban and Gra-
hamstown, this week re-
. straining the police from '
assaulting detainees. +
But the Police Public

ised systematically On: polations Division yes-

widespread basis as part
of the coercive treat
‘nent of security-law de-

‘ention in South Africa”. |

It was compiled after a:
M-year study of 176 for-
ner detainees through-
out South Africa by Dt
Don Foster and
Diane Sandler ‘and’ was |
published yesterday by,
‘UCT’s Institute of Crimi-
nology.

The institute’s direc-
tor, Professor Dirk van
Zyl Smit, yesterday said
it was one of the largest
studies of the psycho:
logical effects of deten-
tion ever undertaken,

“The methods are im-
peccably scientific,’ he

said.
‘The study comes in the

terday strongly denied
that torture was prac-:
tised on detainees.

In a statement issued |
after extracts of the UCT
report were telexed to it,
the police said: “The
South African Police
| cannot comment on un-
‘founded statements. |
| “We deny that torture
| is utilized by the South
‘ African Police as a

means of obtaining in-
, formation from people.”
\~ ‘The report said the de-+
; tainees had claimed that |
ithe most frequent form |
\of torture was beating, :
. which included “punch- ;

ing, hitting, kicking, {
slapping as well as beat-

ing and whipping with a
«variety of ‘implements

and other forms of as-

sault”,
The next most fre-
quently reported forms
of assault were forced
standing, maintaining
abnormal body posi-
tions, which included’
“crouching, standing on
,,toes with arms up-
‘stretched, holding.
‘Yehairs or other objects

above the head, and
«holding a position as ift
¥ sitting in an imaginary
{chair and forced gymna-
+ sium exercises”.

And 25 percent report-
ed having been subject-
“ed to electric shocks,
and 18 percent to stran-

{ gulatioh either by hand
or by the means of .a|
: cloth or towel. i
! The study found that
_only 17 percent of the de-
tainees said they had not :
been hysically assault-
ed and that 69 percent of
the 13 white detainees
interviewed were not as-

101

JPRS#SSA*85=097
9 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

saulted. vt

The detainees all re-
ported forms of psycho-
ogical abuse during
their detentions. This in-
cluded false accusa-
tions,. solitary confiné-
ment, verbal abuse,
threats of violence to
self, contradictory styles
of interrogation and be-
ing given misleading in-
formation. .

“Seen'in combination
with physical torture re-
sults, the prevalence of
torture in general is very
widespread indeed.”

The study concluded:
“Viewed overall the
findings show quite
clearly that torture in
both physical and psy-
chological forms has
been practised system-
atically on a widespread
basis as part of the coer-
cive treatment of secur-
ity-law detention in
South Africa.”



IJPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

WATER PROJECTS IN PO DESCRIBED
Ouagadougou SIDWAYA in Irench 21 Aug 85 p 3
[Article by Martin Kabore]

{Text] Po (AIB)--It was a gala people's occasion when the men and women
militants in Sector 6 in Po--located on the road leading out of town in the
direction of Ouagadougou--used their new water post for the first time on
Thursday 15 August 1985, Built by the ONFA, it has been named after Nelson
Mandela, When it is realized that the nine fountains built in the city of Po
since 1981 are located in the center of town, one can see how much daily
effort must be made by the inhabitants of the outlying areas to obtain their
water. Hence the need to lighten their burden by extending the pipelines to
take water to those areas where consumers are most deprived of it. To provide
the water post that was inaugurated on Thursday, the ONMA had to build a
pipeline 110 millimeters in diameter over a distance of 652 meters, and all
with its own funds.

The drinking water distributed in the city of Po comes from a number of wells
drilled by the ONFA, ‘The water from those wells is pumped to a water tower
that will hold 150 cubic meters. There it is purified before being sent to
the water posts. Water is currently available from 0500 hours to 2000 hours,
and the water tower is then refilled during the uight. Interruptions in
service occur from time to time. .

The ONEA is acquiring the necessary equipment to supply Po with drinking water
24 hours a day beginning in 1986. It must be said, incidentally, that the
problem in Po is not the lack of water but its control, If it had more money,
the ONEA could move toward the use of surface water (from dams, rivers, and so
on) in the future. Tor the moment, according to comrade Kontogomde Karim, the
ONEA's local official, water requirements for the city of Po's approximately
10,000 inhabitants (estimated at 150 cubic meters a day) are fairly well
covered,

To get back to the ceremony [copy missing] commissioner for Nahouri, in the
presence of his closest associates and the Local authorities--but above all
the inhabitants of Sector 6, who expressed their deligl by singing and
dancing. One of the speakers was the sector's CDR [Committee for the Defense

30


selecting the speaker for lending banks, banking circles acknowledge that
“nobody likes to be in the front line.”

If matters proceed as in the past, leadership of the negotiations would
have to fall to a British institution since, first of all, Great Britain,
with almost $ 6 billion, is the largest creditor country, and secondly, the
country's large banks enjoy a good reputation in international business
circles.

Whichever institution will be picked, it is certain that it will not be
easy to negotiate new conditions for $ 12.7 billion of South African
short-term foreign debts. Involving several hundred lending banks who, in
the last analysis, have to agree to the debt rescheduling plans, the
adjustment process is not an easy matter. In the case of South Africa, one
must also take into account that there will be political pressure on
individual banks to reduce credit grants to South Africa. Financial experts
claim that the departure of large institutions from South African business
deals, such as U.S. banks, would make success of the debt rescheduling
action impossible. Not only must banks already involved stick to it;
probably, fresh money will be needed for South Africa in the debt
rescheduling program. One German banker believes "that this could become a
politically most difficult problem for some foreign institutions.”

This makes clear that, very different from South American debtor nations,
economic questions are pushed to the background by political problems.

Bank circles affirm that “on the basis of its economic situation, South
Africa is not really a problem country, only politics are responsible for
the present situation.” There is a firm conviction that South Africa's debt
problem cannot be solved with assistance from the governments of industrial
nations. Bankers also hope for the support of central banks and the Inter-
national Monetary Fund (IMF). At any rate, it seems that the goodwill tour
by South African central bank president Gerhard de Kock to his European and
U.S. colleagues has not been crowned by success so far.

In the view of banks, it is political and not economic pressure that must
be asserted in order to reestablish more stable conditions. It is clear to
them that they cannot demand concessions from the Botha government for the
black majority of the population. But although it is not stated publicly,
it is their opinion that without reforms, that country might take a turn
which would make economic restructuring impossible. The bankers fear that
the country could not be saved from bankruptcy, should the black majority
control the political and economic levers. As yet, they don't even dare
think about the banks' profit and loss account and the stability of the
international financial system.

9917
cso: 3420/92

111



JPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

DJIBOUTI

BRIEFS

PALM GROVES DISAPPEARING--At a time when the environment is deteriorating in
Africa, and the desert is gaining ground on the fertile land (without
mentioning the terrible drought that is destroying the ecological system), now
the Djiboutians themselves are posing a new threat. _The, palm. grove of
Ambouli, at least what is left of it, is evidence of this. This palm grove,
which a few years ago was very dense and gave a touch of atmosphere to the
area, is today in the process of disappearing. In fact, the palm trees are
suffering from human attacks. After the doma drinkers who tap the sap of the
trees, thus dooming them to drying, here there are others who savagely plunder
the trunks to make seesaws for the Aid-El-Adha feast.. The unfortunate fact is
that this massacre of the palm trees was carried out in the knowledge and
sight of everyone. One thing is certain: that if nothing is done to remedy
this situation, in years to come one will certainly be able to say: once there
was a fine palm grove at Ambouli. [Text] [Djibouti LA NATION in French 5 Sep
85 p 3] 9920

cso: 3419/567

54


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

FINLAND TO LIMIT SOUTH AFRICAN IMPORTS
Helsinki HELSINGIN SANOMAT IN Finnish 28 Aug 85 p 28
[Article: "Imports from South Africa to Be Limited Voluntarily"]

[Text] Finland aims at limiting its imports from South Africa. In
negotiations between the cabinet and the central organizations of industry
and business, it has been agreed that voluntary import restrictions will
apply to fresh fruit, preserved fruit and basic metals. Also, a licensing
system will be used to monitor the imports.

On Tuesday Foreign Trade Minister Jermu Laine (Social Democrat) discussed the
trade with representatives of Industrial Association, Metal Industry
Association, Trade Association and Technical Wholesale Association. The
reduction of imports which was agreed upon will be effective immediately. The
agreement does not apply to trade agreements already in effect.

The voluntary agreement will reduce the imports from South Africa by 80
percent. Last year Finland's imports from South Africa accounted for slightly
more than 124 million markkas.

During the first six months of this year the imports have accounted for nearly
69.5 million markkas. The imports have grown by almost 40 percent compared
with the corresponding period in 1984.

Also, in the negotiations, the associations agreed on recommending to their
members that they restrain from sales of new investments, patents and
licenses, and leasing activities to South Africa.

The Technical Wholesale Association was also ready to recommend to its member
companies that they put an end to the imports of South African raw materials
and semimanufactures.

On Tuesday Laine also negotiated with representatives of ship owners. The

Ship Owners Association is going to recommend to its members that they
restrain from sea transport between Finland and South Africa.

108


neglected. This aspect was clearly reflected and emphasized in the message
from the people of Macanga delivered at the provincial government meeting
which ended yesterday. At that meeting, the sum of 60,827 meticals was turned
over to the provincial government to be sent to the district of Chiuta as a
contribution to the reconstruction of the seat of that district, which was the
target of activities by armed bandits in May of last year.

In expressing thanks for this gesture, Eduardo Arao, the first secretary and
governor of Tete, stressed the spirit of the people of Macanga and their great
determination to end the armed banditry and hunger.

The provincial government of Tete was impressed by the great effort made by
the people of Macanga in implementing and carrying out the decisions of the
4th Congress, particularly with regard to the battles against armed banditry
and hunger.

5157
CSO: 3442/391

72


JPRS“SSA+854097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

NEED FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF PROLETARIAN PARTY URGED
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 26 Jul 85 p 9
[article by Babou Paulin Bamouni]

{Text] In Burkina Faso, there is as yet no proletarian party. A proletarian
party has nothing to do with any of the political parties which the Burkinabe
have known to date. Just as the August revolution had nothing to do in
qualitative terms with the reactionary regimes Burkina has experienced, the
proletarian party is one of a new type, qualitatively superior to any other
party, because it is a party of the people's class, a party which symbolizes
the aspirations of the people and their supreme will to govern themselves and
to take over the state apparatus first of all, with a view to the radical
transformation of society.

As its name indicates, a proletarian party is the party of the proletariat,
that is to say the workers class. This class is the only one qualified,
because of its eminently revolutionary nature, to create what can be called a
vanguard party to lead the oppressed and the exploited, as a group, in seizing
power and administering it properly, taking as its basis the proletarian
ideology. This is because, in the conduct of a revolution, the proletarian
party appears as the guiding force of society, for it is this party which is
entrusted with the drafting of the domestic and foreign policy of the country,
the planning of the prospects for social development in scientific fashion,
and the organization and mobilization of the masses to resolve the. concrete
problems of building the new society.

The proletarian party is directed and motivated by the politically and
ideologically advanced elements in the workers class. Therefore not just
anyone joins the proletarian party, and it does not seek to incorporate
everyone within it. Because of the opportunists of all sorts, it carries out
a veritable process of selection with regard to all those who aspire to party
membership. For the method of operation within the proletarian party is
scientific and rigorous when it comes to taking up political as well as
economic and ideological problems. Every party member must show evidence of
an acute awakening of awareness and an indestructible determination to defend
the party and its goals wherever necessary. He must prove himself a devoted
militant ready to execute all the tasks entrusted to him by the party, while
taking care never to reveal anything about the political strategy of the

24


exclusive distributionship on countertraded goods which they will then sell to
Nigerian consumers at exorbitant prices.

In such an atmosphere, the gap between the rich and the poor, which the
present administration is seeking to breach, will become wider and more
pronounced. It has been suggested that countertrade will be less painful if
it is’ based on the exchange of finished products by the contracting partners
as against the present arrangement under which Nigeria gives her crude oil in
return for consumer goods from other lands. Another alternative is for
Nigeria to get her countertrade partners to support the execution of capital
projects in this country. Since oil may not last for eternity, a nation like
Nigeria, which is at present endowed with oil should use her resources to
build a strong economic foundation which can guarantee the future needs of the
people.

csO: 3400/1181

90


operation against Cabinda had succeeded, it would not have caused them to give
up the exploitation", which to tell the truth is very beneficial, of the reser-
voirs.

The situation in Mozambique, where 1 year after the Nkomati accord that was to
put an end to South African support for the armed rebelliop -~'a. rebellion ~
more active than ever -- alsc explains the extreme prudence with which the:
Angolan leaders are considering resuming a dialogue that at the moment has not
done much for them.

Omnipresent on the terrain and in conversations as it is, the war is neverthe-
less not enough to explain the unbelievable decrepitude of a country that po-
tentially possesses all the resources necessary to assure its development.

8946
CSO: 3419/541



JPRS#SSA+85=097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

NIASSA GOVERNOR URGES REDOUBLED CAMPAIGN AGAINST BANDITRY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] Redoubling the effort in combatting the armed bandits as a means of
making progress with projects designed to reduce the shortages of food and
clothing was the main theme of the meeting held recently by Mariano Matsinha,
the head of Niassa Province, with the people in the communal settlements of
Naquiria and Nungo in the district of Marrupa. "The resolution of our
economic and social problems inevitably involves the total elimination of
armed banditry in the country," Mariano Matsinha said.

He also urged everyone to participate in popular vigilance and to join the
militia groups. He added that the contribution of the people in reporting
strange movements in the settlements is needed.

Another aspect mentioned by this member of the political bureau and leader in
Niassa had to do with the need to pursue small projects in the communal
settlements. He stressed that "only thus will it be possible to satisfy our
most urgent needs immediately."

In this connection, he announced that five women from the district will be
sent to the city of Lichinga to take a spinning and weaving course, after
which they will return to Marrupa to teach the people in this district. Thus
the problem of clothing shortages will be reduced through the production of
garments, using these processes.

At the end of the meeting, the people in the communal settlements of Naquiria

and Nungo made a contribution of 12,400 meticals and 12 sacks of corn to
strengthen the defense capacity of the country.

5157
CSO: = 3442/391

73



JPRS#SSA*85=097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

FRENCH TRUCK COMPANY TO PROVIDE TRAINING
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 30 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 10

[Text] The French truck-producing company, Renault Industrial Vehicles, is
engaged in a program to train Mozambican cadres for the technical maintenance
of its vehicles currently operating in Mozambique. This training program

may possibly be coordinated with Codauto, a native enterprise which represents
that French firm in our country.

Renault Industrial Vehicles has its exhibit at the Maputo International Fair
[FACIM] integrated jointly with other companies in the French booth, located
next to that of Mozambican Cement.

In this edition of FACIM, it is introducing a 7.5 ton Renault make truck. That
French firm produces only trucks with capacities ranging from 3.5 to 100 tons.

It also produces buses, generator sets and attachments for industrial applica-

tions.

According to information provided to NOTICIAS by Philippe Badets, a resident
technical engineer, his company exports trucks to several parts of the world.

At the 21st edition of the Maputo International Fair, in addition to the truck
which is on display, that French company, with a considerable potential, is
presenting films on video cassettes of its activities, which are also illustrated
with the demonstration of another type of truck,

He commented: "At this edition of the Maputo International Fair, we are present—
ing photographic models and posters illustrating the truck industry, particular-
ly the types of trucks operating in Mozambique."

Renault Industrial Vehicles has been making contacts at the Maputo International
Fair with entities using its trucks in Mozambique, such as CETA [Structures,
Leveling and Asphalting Building Company], DIMAC [Machinery Distributing Company],
MECANAGRO [Agricultural Mechanization Enterprise] and others. Since 1977, this
French company must have sold nearly 2,000 Renault trucks to be operated in
Mozambique.

79



JPRS+SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

ARAB-AFRICAN COOPERATION TALKS--Tunis, 20 Sep (AFP)-~In his position as
current chairman of the OAU, Senegalese President Abdou Diouf has sent an
official invitation to the secretary general of the Arab League, Mr Chedli
Klibi, to visit Dakar, it was learned from a diplomatic source in Tunis on
Thursday. This invitation was conveyed to Mr Klibi by Moustapha Cisse, the
Senegalese ambassador to Tunis, during a discussion at the Arab League
headquarters in Tunis on Thursday, it was learned from the same source. Mr
Cisse said in a statement that the Senegalese president has invited Mr Klibi
to visit Dakar to have discussions with him on the reactivation of Arab-
African cooperation. He said that President Diouf would like to receive the
Arab League secretary general's suggestions before taking "steps in this
connection." Observers in Tunis have noted that Arab-African cooperation has
been marking time for some time now because the two communities have been
unable to summon a conference of Arab and African foreign ministers envisaged
for a long time in order to reactivate this cooperation. [Text] [Paris AFP
in French 0943 GMT 20 Sep 85]

RSA'S NKOMATI VIOLATIONS CONDEMNED--Energy ministers of the SADCC have con-
demned South Africa for its latest military incursion into Angola, and its
admission that it has supported MNR bandits in violation of the Nkomati
nonaggression accord with Mozambique. In a communique issued at the end of a
l-day meeting in Blantyre, Malawi, yesterday, the ministers expressed in their
strongest possible terms their condemnation of the current unprovoked attack
on Angola by South Africa and the regime's flagrant and repeated violations of
the Nkomati accord. The communique said the ministers approved 56 regional
energy projects, amounting to U.S. $75 million. More than half of the money
has already been raised from donors for the implementation of the projects
during a 5-year period and negotiations are continuing to secure the short-
falls. The 5-year strategy adopted by the ministers will be presented to

the annual consultative conference of SADCC to take place in Harare next year.
[Text] [Harare Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 22 Sep 85]

MANO RIVER UNION SUMMIT--Freetown, 17 Sep (AFP)-~The heads of state of the
member countries of the Mano River Union, Lansana Conte of Guinea, Samuel Doe
of Liberia, and Siaka Stevens of Sierra Leone will meet next 27 September in
Freetown, it is learned from an authoritative source in the Sierra Leonean
capital. This summit will take place at a time when the organization, which
was founded 10 years ago by the three countries bordered by Mano River, is
going through a period of financial difficulties. Three months ago, the Union
dismissed or redeployed a large number of its cadres after its budget was
curtailed. [Text] [Paris AFP in French 1847 GMT 17 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/1170 1



3400/1179

keians, who speak,
Transkéi. Those from,
Ciskei would be Cis-,
keians, who speak Cis-
kei.

It was finally de-
cided, however, that
they would find it diffi-,
cult to justify this his-
torically, seeing as the
history books would
still have to state who
was fighting the whites
along the Eastern
Cape ‘frontiers. T re-
fuse to. say what they
called those.“wars”.

So a compromise:
was worked out on the
basis of one for you
and one for me. And
now suddenly; it has
just been realised that
this was a great boob.

Rights

Now, this week, the |

Great Miungu an-
nounced that what his
party did us has been
wrong. We are, he
says, citizens. of this

"burg. But what does

this mean?

Before we are ex-

pected to sing halle-
. jula, we must remem-
ber that we had been
citizens in any event
before this whole inde-
pendence lark. What
we are doing is revert-
ing to the position be-

fore the independence .

thing.

If people believe
that now that we are
citizens, we would

“have ail the rights that

acitizen of anv country
is entitled to, then they
have got the wrong
end of the stick.

Okay, so the Nats
can no longer argue
that we do have politi-
cal rights in our home-
lands. It means that we
must now be accom-
modated in the politi-
cal machinery of our
mother country.

The fact is that we
are still at square one.
And if there is not the
jubilation that the
Government expected,
it is simply because we
have no cause to be
grateful for the return
of what is rightfully
ours.

Vote

We were born here,
not through the mercy
of this Government —
or any person. We
were born here be- »
cause God determined

+ that it be so.

We will, of course,
hear the usual “see,
youcan’t satisfy
them”, arguments.
Well, actually you can.

Scrap apartheid in
all its forms, Give us
the vote, and we will

. determine how to use

it. If you guys in Gov-
ernment think you
have the support of
“the majority of blacks
in the country”, then
surely they will vote
for you?

107



JPRS#SSA*854097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

ITALIAN ENTERPRISE REVEALS ZAMBEZIA MINERAL POTENTIAL
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 30 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 10

[Text] The Italian business firm Aquater will submit to the Mozambican Govern-
ment a detailed document concerning the potential for exploiting the coastal
sandy region of Zambezia Province. Enormous amounts of minerals are concen-
trated on that site.

Aquater is represented at the Maputo International Fair [FACIM] at a. combined
Italian booth.

Aquater's representative in our country, Sergio Pinca, disclosed to NOTICIAS
that it is his company's intention to participate in programs relating to
soil intervention, particularly with regard to the execution of work in the
geothermal, hydric and geological fields, also engaging in data processing
with computerized systems.

Aquater, an Italian company quite well known in Mozambique by now, has already
financed programs worth nearly $20 million in the People's Republic of Mozam-
bique. Its presence at the 21st edition of the Maputo International Fair,
which has assumed very special significance, is also aimed, in addition to
activities demonstrating what its production actually is, at making contacts
with potential exhibitors.

This firm.has been operating in our country since 1978. The following year, it
became involved in a program for the impounding of water in Inhambane Province.
According to Sergio Pinca, in 1980 Aquater began a program of. geological carto
graphy and geochemical research in parts of Zambezia and Nampula, after which
it accrued results considered to be positive.

In 1983, Aquater concluded a contract with our country to perform work relating
to the detailed investigation of pegmatite producing regions ‘of Zambezia and in
connection with the coastal areas, also in the same region.

Hence, by the end of this year, Aquater intends to submit to the Mozambican

Government a final detailed report of the potential of the coastal. areas which
could be exploited; because vast amounts of minerals are concentrated there.

77



Police Deny Use of Torture

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 9

[Text]

THE police yesterday emphatically denied that
torture was used against detainees in South

Africa.

In a statement, the police public relations divi-
sion in Pretoria said: “The South African police
cannot comment on unfounded statements.

“We deny that torture is utilized by the South
African Police as a means of obtaining informa-

tion from people.

“As we have repeatedly stated in the past, any-
it fi

one who has legal

eause for complaint can

le an

affidavit at any police station. The allegation(s)
will then be investigated.”
The statement was sent to the Cape Times after
lice had been sent copies of reports of the
iniversity of Cape Town’s Institute of Criminoly

ogy study on detention:

asked to comment.

is in South Africa, and were

Health Probiems Result

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 9

[Text]

-culties

“f1iE vast majority of detain-

ees experienced health prob-
lems during their detention
as well as adjustment and
anxiety problems after their
release, the report found.
‘The most frequently experi-
enced health problems in de-
tention were sleeping diffi-
(60 percent),
headaches (53 percent), exces-
sive amount of fantasizing (45
percent), weight loss (45 per-

“cent), appetite loss (44 per-

cent), difficulties with con-
centration (44 percent),
nightmares (41 percent), tir-

edness (36 percent) and prob- «

Jems with memory (34 per-

cent).

“It is clear that the domi-
nant symptoms are largely
psychological,” said the study,
which was written by Dr. Don
Foster and Ms Dianne

ndler.
Social difficulties were

103

found to be one of the most
frequent outcomes of deten-
tion — 39 percent experi-
enced difficulties relating to

; friends, 35 percent to family
~ and 18 percent relating to

other people.

Sleeping difficulties and
concomitant tiredness, as
well as symptoms of depres-
sion, were fairly frequently
experienced, said the study.
which was published by UCT’s
_Institute of Criminology. |

It also said its findings,

* based on interviews with 176

former detainees, suggested
Sreat euphoria on release, ac-
{companied by “warm solidar-
\ ity on the part of friends and
family and frequent expres-
sions that the experience had

increased the person’s re- .

solve to oppose apartheid —
which, it needs to be recalled,
is not in itself a crime, though
often is taken to be so”, the
study said.

JPRS“SSA+85~097
9 October 1985



JPRS«SSA=85~097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

NORWEGIAN FISHING AID--A vessel which will spend 2 years in activities
connected with the development of fishing in Mozambique has just docked at one
of the wharves in the port of Maputo. It is expected that this vessel will
operate in the maritime region of the provinces of Maputo and Sofala. The
vessel comes from Norway, and will be used exclusively in experimental fishing
programs. According to reports confirmed by a source at the National Fishing
Research Institute, the dispatch of this vessel from Norway is a part of the
cooperation program arranged by the governments of Mozambique and Norway,
which is represented by the Norwegian Agency for International Development
(NORAD). Norwegian diplomats serving in our country and cadres from the
National Fishing Research Institute visited the wharf at the port of Maputo
where the vessel had docked on Thursday morning. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in
Portuguese 17 Aug 85 p 10] 5157

CSO: 3442/390

88



JPRS*SSA=85~097
9 October 1985

GHANA

RADIO COMMENTARY ON SOUTH AFRICAN ATTACKS ON ANGOLA
AB171720 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 17 Sep 85
[Commentary by David Anaglate]

[Text] The latest events to be reported from southern Africa is the crossing
of racist South African troops into Angola, purportedly in a preemptive strike
against SWAPO nationalists. These cross-border raids into Angola and other
Frontline States have become common. In the days of the freedom struggle by
Zimbabwe, troops of the Ian Smith regime used to cross into Mozambique to
attack ZANU supporters. In the most notorious of these, hundreds of
Zimbabwean refugees were murdered at (Ulihamo) and buried in mass graves. In
that attack, the racists let it be known that they were pursuing guerrilla
fighters while, in fact, hitting at young men, women, and children in refugee
camps. Another such raid was the one by South African troops against SWAPO
refugees at Kasinga in Angola. That also resulted in the massacre of innocent
women and children. The racist spokesmen are once again telling the world
that their targets in the current invasion of Angola are SWAPO fighting bases
but in fact [words indistinct], the real victims are Namibian refugees who
have been forced by the war of independence to move to camps in southern
Angola where they are looked after by SWAPO cadres.

After the Kasinga massacre, Angolan forces have tried to protect the Namibian
refugee camps and this has resulted in fewer casualties in subsequent attacks
by South Africa. Indeed these attacks became fewer and fewer since South
Africa knew that Angolan troops were ready to offer stiff resistance. In this
connection, it is significant that the South Africans have sought on this
occasion to avoid a confrontation with Angola by asking its forces to keep out
of the fighting as if Angolans would sit down unconcerned while their Namibian
brothers are being gunned down. This South African attack comes exactly 3
months after she has installed a puppet regime in Windhoek made up of parties
under its control and influence and in defiance of the world community which
had expected UN-sponsored elections in which SWAPO and other parties will
participate as envisaged by UN Security Council Resolution 435 of 1978.: It is
instructive that the Namibian internal settlement has not been recognized by
any country even though the West [words indistinct] do business quietly with
it.

56


biopsies, removal of cysts, and infected glands, etc. Judging from his thick
ledger and the long line outside his door, Dr Scaravilli does not idle.

“My patients come not only from Balbala, but also from Djibouti city, the
bush, and even Somalia and Ethiopia. This explains why Balbala, located at
the entry to the capital, is continuing to grow with deprived people and
hovels, which spring up like mushrooms.

The population, estimated at 40,000 to 50,000 people, with women and children
in the majority, is growing by the day. Nomads fleeing the drought,
foreigners from neighboring countries ending up there, complicating the
sanitary conditions. Drinking water is a luxury, and electricity has hardly
reached this concentration of misery of extreme underdevelopment. "This state
of affairs cause malnutrition of the children of the inhabitants here," said
Alessia Gocco, a pediatric nurse of the dispensary. "The most frequent child
illness at Balbala is malnutrition. It is the cause for the very common
diarrhea among infants, who are often under normal weight, and in extremely
serious cases it turns out that we can do nothing.”

Dry Faucets

Pediatrician Bordigoni believes that in order to remedy this situation the
main tool for combating these infant diseases is a health education campaign
for the mother. In this way one could prevent and treat these diseases that
sometimes kill many infants.

In this connection, the leader of the Italian mission plans to puild,
beginning at the end of this year, a center for specialized treatment of
malnutrition.

Currently, the pediatricians are providing a small daily ration composed of
rice, milk and biscuits for the mothers of the most seriously affected babies,
while performing follow-up with periodic weighing.

Also, it must be recognized that the medical team faces supply problems in
addition to the heavy demand. For example, there is the shortage of water in
the dispensary. The small electric pump that gave it an independent supply
has broken down, and the faucets are dry. “However, that does not undermine
our mission in this country, and every day we handle 35 to 40 infants in the
dispensary. The important thing for us is to continue examination case by
case as long as possible, in order to provide the needed care,” Dr Bordigoni
said. He added that more than 600 infants had been treated since he began
work.

The dispensary already has a gynecological section. There are no deliveries
there because of lack of beds; but prenatal and postnatal consultation is
provided.

Education Center for Midwives

The man in charge of this section, for which there are very many patients, is
Dr Gino Ortega, the team's gynecologist.

A large number of women have been at his examining table since his arrival,

52


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

$91 MILLION LOAN GRANTED TO SONANGOL
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 27 Jul 85 p 1

[Text] SONANGOL (The Angolan Fuel Corporation) and CABGOC
(Cabinda Gulf 0i1 Company) today signed, at the Embassy

of Angola in Paris, a commercial loan agreement for $91
million (approximately 2,749,474,000 kwanzas) to finance the
development of the Takula field in the Cabinda off-shore
zone.

The total amount of the credit obtained by SONANGOL and CABGOC is being
furnished by a consortium of 15 banks from various countries-—including
the United States, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany, Norway and
Portugal--headed by the Bankers Trust Company. The loan provides $70
million for SONANGOL and $21 million for CABGOC.

These funds will be used in accordance with each company's respective share
in the Cabinda area, o.e., 51 percent for SONANGOL and 49 percent for CABGOC.

Close to $216 million (6,526,224,000 kwanzas) have already been spent on
the project to develop the Takula field and an additional $235 million
(approximately 7,100,290,000 kwanzas) will be needed during the course of
the current development program.

The Takula field began producing in December 1983. After conclusion of the
work now being done, its production will double, from 80,000 to 160,000
barrels per day. .

Signing the agreement for SONANGOL were Herminio Escorpio, member of the
MPLA-Labor Party Central Committee and director-general of the company,
and Jaime Freitas, director of Negotiations.

Also attending the ceremony, representing Banco Nacional de Angola, guarantor

under the loan, were Mario Pizarro, vice-governor of the bank, and Helder
Cirilo, the bank's litigation director.

12830
CSO: 3442/397

4


1, Construction and outfitting of the industrial technical lycees in Nkayi and
Owando, the agricultural technical lycee in Fwo, and the printing plant for
INRAP (National Institute of Pedagogical Research and Action) in Brazzaville.

2. Equipment for rural mechanization in the Likouala, Sangha, Cuvette, and
Plateau Regions.

3, Telecommnications equipment (a digital microwave system, cables, and
batteries).

4, Electrification of secondary population centers.

‘this economic cooperation is being accompanied by scientific a vechnical
cooperation in the form of training and research integrated with the economic
projects.

In the field of education, cooperation is based on the cultural cooperation
agreement signed in Berlin on 14 March 1970. It covers the granting of
scholarships and technical assistance as well as the exchange of teachers and
educational experts.

As part of the visit that President Sassou-Nguesso has just made to Berlin,
Congo submitted the following new projects to the GDR:

‘the design and construction of an incubation center, regional units for the
production of livestock feed, and veterinary clinics in Bouenza, Pool, Niari,
Lekoumou, and Kouilou, and a feasibility study aimed at setting up a second
cement plant. during the second 5-year plan. The two parties decided at the
conclusion of their negotiations to send a mission of Bast German experts to
Congo to identify those new projects. New agreements were also signed: a
cooperation plan between the SED [Socialist Unity Party of Germany] and the
PCP [Congolese Labor Party] for 1985, a cultural and scientific cooperation
agreement for 1985-1986, a protocol relative to entific and technical
cooperation for the same period, a military cooperation agreement, and a
protocol of cooperation between the foreign ministries of the two countries.
Lastly, the two parties reached an agreement eliminating the need for visas in
the case of holders of diplomatic and service passports.

It can be said that the president of the People's Republic of Congo made a
fruitful visit to the GDR.

4s far as overall cooperation between Congo and Romania is concerned, the
sectors of agriculture and stockraising, forestry, and hydrocarbons are
predominant.

With Romanian assistance, Congo established the Madingou Agropastora] Company
[SAPM], the Betou Wood Exploitation and Processing Complex (CHTRAB), and the
Synthetic Fabrics Factory (UTS).

In the hydrocarbons sector, Romania has extensive experience in the field of
petroleum (the country is a member of the International Organization of Legal

43



which we have accepted sacrifices. We must always remember that when united
and determined, we hav: always managed to escape from what were a priori the
deepest pitfalls, but that when divided and open to the machinations of our
enemies, we have suffered setbacks.

Let each of you realize that the relative improvement in well-being that we
have experienced over the past 6 years is due basically to the unity that we
have been able to maintain in our ranks, to the democracy that has been
reinstituted among the people, and to the climate of peace in which we have
been working. It is enough for only one of those elements to be missing, and
our lot will be jeopardized again.

We know that our people are firmly attached to these victories and to the
achievements they have made possible. It is therefore everyone's duty to act
in a way that will best protect the interests of our masses and the nation's
future. We also said that a people wanting to be free must have ambition.
Our country has many assets. Natural factors are favorable to us. Our
territory is big enough for the some 2 million that we number. Our land is
fertile, our waters abound in fish, our subsoil has abundant resources, our
forests are full of sought-after species, and the very great majority of our
population is young with a high percentage in school, thus providing a vast
reservoir of useful manpower. During our first 5-year development plan, we
stressed the infrastructure that. would permit good exploitation of those
resources. Despite the economic cri which we will not stop combating, we
have maintained a steady course, and the inaugurations which we have seen
recently and which will continue clearly indicate our determination to change
the face of this country so as to steadily improve the lot of our compatriots.

‘the structural adjustment program that we have adopted, the purpose of which
is to preserve our macroeconomic equilibriums in a situation that is all the
more acute in that it is affecting our chief source of revenue, must make it
possible specifically for us to kick off our second development plan in sound
and stable conditions. The second development plan, which will be based on
the achievements of the first plan, will be centered basically on production.
In that context, increasing our agricultural production in fulfillment of the
word of command calling for self-sufficiency in food, intensifying the
exploitation of our forests, and straightening out our firms constitute the
battles on behalf of which no effort will be spared,

Dear compatriots,

There is a saying that,"to rule is to foresee." Lf we have placed emphasis
since the first of the year on the crisis that has overtaken us, our purpose
has been neither to record a defeat nor to seek out a scapegoat but to make
our people aware of the dangers threatening them.

We still have the good fortune--increasingly rare in Africa~-to live under
conditions that we are all aware of. Each of us still remembers those
pictures of food being parachuted into certain African localities. Nature is
sheltering us--for the moment--from the drought that prevails in many
countries, But Jet us be careful! ‘The parameters of the world economy are

47



JPRS#SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MEMBERS OF JAPANESE DELEGATION ARRIVE AS GUESTS OF AMASP
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 20 Aug 85 p 10

[Text] A delegation representing the Japanese Committee for Friendship and
Solidarity With the Peoples of Africa, Asia and Latin America arrived in our
country yesterday morning. The delegation is visiting Mozambique for the
purpose of learning about the current reality in our country, above all with
regard to the natural catastrophes, so as to study possible ways of providing
concrete aid to the victims.

The Japanese delegation is to leave today for the province of Inhambane, where
its members will visit the health and rehabilitation centers for the victims
of hunger in Vilanculo.

During their 10-day stay, the members of the delegation representing the
Japanese Committee for Friendship and Solidarity With the Peoples of Africa,
Asia and Latin America will meet with the ministers of foreign affairs,
information, home trade, agriculture and health, as well as the governor of
the province of Inhambane.

In the capital of the country, the members of the Japanese delegation will
also visit the Xipamanine Health Center, the Maputo Institute of Science and
Health, and the Maputo Central and Mavalane General Hospitals.

Yesterday afternoon, the Japanese delegation members visited the headquarters
of the Mozambique Association for Friendship and Solidarity With the Peoples
(AMASP), where they met with its secretary general, Abner Sansao Muthemba.

The Japanese delegation, which is headed by Toshio Akiniwa, presented our
country with a gift of $80,000.

5157
CSO: 3442/390

76


In that context and referring to the 10th anniversary of our national indepen-
dence, Lopo do Nascimento said that one often hears it said "that 10 years in
a people's history is nothing, but 10 years spent under the yoke of a war of
destabilization is a lot."

The Angolan Government also stated that relations between Angola and France
have developed within a system of confidence and that those relations can
be considered positive.

Christian Nucci, head of the French delegation, said, in turn, that this
special consideration being given to Angola and, previously, to Mozambique,
will serve to denote French solidarity with the Angolan and Mozambican people
in face of the destablization policy of the apartheid regime.

Speaking in terms of cooperation, Christian Nucci also said that this brief
visit to our country "is a veritable springboard for the development of
cooperation."

Among other points, the French official spoke of cooperation in the fishing
sector as well as assistance to be given to our country by his government.

In conclusion, he showed a willingness to discuss other matters of a technical
nature to be brought up by the Angolan delegation during the conversations.

Audience With the Minister of Foreign Affairs

In addition, Foreign Affairs Minister Afonso Van Dunem also met with Christian
Nucci yesterday.

On this occasion, the Angolan leader expressed the pleasure of the Angolan
Government at the presence of a French delegation of such high level and
indicated that this series of meetings is providing an opportunity for a
review of bilateral cooperation.

Afonso Van Dunem also said that the Angolan Government greatly appreciate the
position of the French Government with regard to the situation in southern
Africa, particularly in South Africa, and that this, in fact, shows that
France stands ready to contribute to a just and lasting solution in the area.

In response, Christian Nucci said that this visit will permit an exchange of
impressions between Angola and France and also on the present situation
being experienced in southern Africa with particular emphasis on the latest
events occurring in South Africa--especially the state of emergency decreed
by the Pretoria regime.

8568
cso: 3442/401



JPRS+SSA*85=097
9 October 1985

DJIBOUTI

ITALIAN MEDICAL MISSION RUNS DISPENSARY AT BALBALA
Djibouti LA NATION in French 5 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] Italian-Djiboutian cooperation is a fact; LA NATION observed it at
Balbala, where an eight-member Italian medical mission has. made grateful the
large slum at the entry to the capital. Its reputation is also drawing many
Djiboutians of the city to come for care.

Four prefabricated barracks, in perfect harmony with the surroundings of sand
and dust-colored pebbles, form a rectangle open on one side. In the center is
a large courtyard where the private vehicles and an all-terrain ambulance are
parked. It is 0800 hours and the sun, already high in the sky, is very hot.
The reflection of this intense light on the rough and dry ground causes one to
squint. This is the dispensary of Balbala, the largest slum in Djibouti, with
its 50,000 people, most of them nomads (men, women and children), who have
ended up there in their flight from drought, famine and misery; refugee
survivors from the voluntary repatriation organized in September 1983 by the
High Commissioner for Refugees; and above all an undetermined number of
foreigners from Somalia. The exterior of the dispensary is on a par with the
misery of the people of this suburb. Vegetation is unknown here. Not a
single tree or shrub. However, despite this grim setting and geographical
location, the Balbala 2 dispensary has the reputation of being one of the best
public care centers in Djibouti.

This image is primarily due to the Italian medical mission, which has been
operating here for more than a year now. The team of eight specialized
members from the big hospitals in Rome is led by Dr Perluigi Bordigoni, a
pediatric specialist.

Patients from Everywhere

The team was provided free to the Republic of Djibouti by the Italian
Government in the framework of the cooperation between the two countries. The
center itself, a gift of the FRG, was opened in March 1983 by the president of
the republic, and consists of several facilities, including a consultation
room, laboratory, emergency room, and small surgeries, as well as a
gynecological consultation room.

“Every morning I handle some 50 people in this room," said Dr Scaravilli, who
handles emergency care and small surgical operations such as hemorrhoids,

51



Development Projects in Dofana Described
(Assoura Albadia; L'ESSOR, 18 Aug 85) .s.ciec.cecc

MOZAMBIQUE

Hunger, ‘Catastrophe Force Flight to Zimbabwe
(Abdul Carimo; NOTICIAS, 21 Aug 85) ..acccescceecedecee

Rice Provided to Catastrophe Victims by Pakistan
(NOTICIAS, 20 Aug 85) .sece cece cece ccc c ccc e cece ceccees

Official Praises Morale, Defense Efforts of Population
(NOTICIAS, 20 Aug 85) coc ieee cesses cence cece cece eden

Macanga District Committed to Eliminating Bandit. Gangs
(NOTICIAS, 17 Aug 85) cocc ccc ccc cnc dececucesseccccccaes

Niassa Governor Urges Redoubled Campaign Against Banditry
(NOTICIAS, 17 Aug 85). cic ece ccc cece cece c cee ce ceca teas

Delegation of Chinese Women Visits Country
(NOTICIAS, various dates) i.e .cc es ccc ceeds ce ces ccecee

Received by OMM
Visit to Maputo
Visit to Cashew Processing Plant

Members of Japanese Delegation Arrive as Guests. of AMASP
(NOTICIAS, 20 Aug 85) .ecscceccedeaseeccececececceccuee

Italian Enterprise Reveals Zambezia Mineral Potential
(NOTICIAS, 30 Aug 85)... sees cece cece cece ccc eeccesecees

French Truck Company To Provide Training
(NOTICIAS, 30 Aug 85) ce ccc cee c cece ese ecececccecuecces

Scholarship Students Depart for Soviet Union
(NOTICIAS, 17 Aug 85) .icccc cece cee cecccccacencccncees

Maputo Vegetable Markets Now Offer Variety
(NOTICIAS, 21 Aug 85)... sees cece e cede es ceeeee seecsseee

Nacala Establishes Plans for Coming. Farm Season
(NOTICIAS, 17 Aug 85) cece cece ccc c cee c cece teense eeneee

Tete Farmers Plan Economies Through Use of Electricity
(NOTICIAS, 17 Aug 85) ..ccc eee c ec eens dsc ceed cess esas

Briefs
Norwegian Fishing Aid

65

66

68

69

71

73

74

74

75
75

76

77

79

81

82

84

86

88


JPRS*SSA=85+097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

RICE PROVIDED. TO CATASTROPHE VICTIMS BY PAKISTAN
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 20 Aug 85 p 1

{Text] A shipment of about 500 tons of rice was delivered to our country
yesterday afternoon as a gift from the government of Pakistan. It is intended
as aid to the settlements which have suffered from natural catastrophes and
the terrorist activities of the armed bandits. The gift was presented ata
ceremony held at the port of Maputo by Khadim Hussein Raja, the Pakistani
ambassador, and it was accepted by Francisco Mesquil, the secretary of state
for supply.

Speaking at the ceremony, the Pakistani ambassador said: "It is with great
pleasure that I present this gift to the people and the government of
Mozambique. This gesture reflects our recognition of the drought situation in
Africa, in your country in particular, and in this way my country is
expressing its solidarity with the victims of natural catastrophes and the
armed bandits."

Ambassador Khadim Hussein further said that the friendly relations between the
two peoples are not beginning with this gift of rice, but date back to the
days of our national liberation struggle.

He further added that the government of Pakistan intends to send a delegation
of farm specialists to our country, at a date as yet to be established, to
discuss possible technical aid in this sector.

Francisco Masquil, secretary of state for supply, speaking in turn, expressed
the gratitude of the RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique] for this gesture of
solidarity with our country by the government and people of Pakistan. He
said: "It is not for the quantity that we express our thanks, but rather for
the gesture of and understanding by your government of the current situation
Mozambique is experiencing. We promise you, Mr Ambassador, to channel the
product to the intended recipients."

5157
cso: = 3442/390

68


Dissolution of the government, by producing a break in the monotony, routine,
and humdrum that often tend to reestablish themselves, imposes a time of
critical reflection and even meditation. Leaders at all levels will
definitely think about what could have been done and was not déne, about the
mistakes that could have been avoided, and about the structures and the
orientations given to these structures in relation to the stage of the
transformations achieved by our society. There is no doubt that this
challenge foretells a revival, a renewal of dynamism and determination in the
revolutionary action. And that is all to the good for the revolution.

9920
CSO: 3419/543



JPRS#88A=854097

9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

HUNGER, CATASTROPHE FORCE FLIGHT TO ZIMBABWE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 21 Aug 85 p 10
[Article by Abdul Carimo: "70,000 People Flee to Zimbabwe"]

[Text] Harare--The serious hunger situation which Mozambique has been
experiencing as a result of 4 consecutive years of drought and other natural
catastrophes has caused at least 70,000 inhabitants of the provinces of Tete,
Manica, and Gaza to leave the country, going in the main to the Republic of
Zimbabwe, in search of better living conditions. There are at least four
reception centers for Mozambican refugees in Zimbabwe at present. They are
located in Tongogara, Nyangomba, Nyamatiquiti and Masowe Bridge, and they can
each accommodate a minimum of more than 15,000 persons. It is believed that
the number of Mozambicans who have sought refuge in Zimbabwe is higher than
the official figures given. Whole families are still continuing to cross our
country's frontier to Zimbabwe.

What happened in the middle of last year was that when the hunger situation
became very serious in certain regions along the frontier between Mozambique
and Zimbabwe, whole families, mainly from Tete, Manica and Gaza, began the
trek to that neighboring country.

Some arrived safely while others did not. Long marches, very often taking
weeks to complete, were so difficult that many people in a weakened physical
condition died along the way.

Many families which traveled to Zimbabwe in search of better supplies of food
took with them all of the assets they had accumulated in long and difficult
periods of arduous labor, including limited food reserves, old clothing and
goats. And they fled on foot into Zimbabwe to escape the frightening natural
calamities and the barbarous and primitive terrorism of the armed bandits, who
did not spare the victims of drought and starvation.

There were hundreds of individuals (or more) who had succeeded in surviving in
Tete, incredible as it may seem, on roots and the leaves of trees, which they
ate to stave off starvation.

Starvation also took the lives of innumerable individuals along the roads and

even in the city of Tete. Thousands of individuals have left this province of
Mozambique because of this scourge.

66



has four children by different mothers. One of them lives in Sweden, the son
of a Swedish woman who worked at the Swedish embassy in Bissau. We will be
inseparable for 15 days. Joao Carlos introduces me to dozens of cousins,
some of them truly cousins, and others just called that, and I see and experi-
ence everyting: my fascination for these warm people will, two weeks hence,
be a strong reality.

Bissau. People rush through the streets. Dozens, hundreds of people cross
each other's path incessantly and rapidly. Where can they be going? Auto-
mobiles drive by at high speed, and their poise clashes violently with the
light and silent footsteps, muffled by inexpensive footwear that is
frequently. made of plastic.

On some of the busier avenues, street merchants offer mangoes, papayas, pine-
apple, roasted peanuts, local cigarettes, contraband Marlboros, and fritters.
In Bissau, things are sold that way, in the streets, and in the various
marketplaces of the city. One does business while dining in Guinea-Bissau,

a rare thing, for example, in Mozambique, where I was some months ago. The
comparison with other Portuguese ex-colonies is inevitable. In comparison
with Angola and Mozambique, for example, Guinea-Bissau is a paradise. A
paradise not only because these people live in peace, but above all because
no one is hungry in Guinea-Bissau, and here, decisive steps are being taken
toward development, and in the quest for self-sufficiency of food supplies.
In spite of the country's deficiencies, the political/administrative apparatus
of Guinea-Bissau maintains a good relationship with the rural population, and
this is essential in all of Africa. The civilized societies of Africa com-
prise 95 percent of rural populations, and any power is condemned to failure,
sooner or later, if it doesn't find a way to relate well with them. In
Guinea-Bissau, things function well in this respect; in Mozambique and Angola
there is much to be desired, and the rural populations are easy captives

of the opposition forces, even with their demagoguery. Look, for example,

at the main argument used by RENAMO: “FRELING gave you nothing to eat,

and we are going to feedyou; help us in the fight."

A clear example of the attention that is given to the rural sector is that
people eat better there than in the capital, which is exactly the opposite
of what happens in the other two countries referred to.

The reason is simple: 3 or 4 years ago, development projects were started
which today are coming to fruition. Directed by DEPA, the Department of
Agricultural Production, which has a great deal of autonomy from the political
powers. Some regions are all but self-sufficient in food production, and
even have the capacity to export their products to other parts of the

country, including the capital. In Contuboel, in the East zone, and in
Caboxangue, in the South zone, modern and highly active centers of agricul-
tural impetus function, whose princpal mission is to support and encourage
the rural population in individual production.

Very little has been collectized, and everything that these people produce

is for their own consumption, or for sale in other places. Also, the DEPA
centers of the regions some time ago began to install agricultural equipment

59



JPRS*SSA=85~097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

PHOSPHATE PROJECT IN CABINDA DESCRIBED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 11 Aug 85 p 12

[Text] Cabinda--The exploitation of phosphate from Mongo Tando (municipality
of Cacongo), subsequent to its discovery and the verification of its economic
feasibility in the laboratories of Luanda and Belgrade (Yugoslavia), is
occupying a highly prominent place in Cabinda's special socio-economic develop-
ment plan.

The project in question, initially scheduled for the first phase in the
execution of the plan, has now been scheduled for the second phase which
will begin next year inasmuch as conditions are not favorable for putting the
plan into immediate action.

The prospecting of phosphate in this area, begun in May 1982, culminated in
relatively positive results 6 months later.

Therefore, the first phase consisted precisely in the determination of 62
soundings by COFANG, an American company which was operating in Angola in

the colonial era, as well as the drilling of 8 holes in the surface and 22 new
research wells.

In addition to the area in which the phosphate is located at a depth of 80
meters, the experts who were exploring the deposits of this mine within the
scope of the Angola/Energo Project (Yugoslavia), signed on 2 April 1981, also
discovered a sedimentary deposit of phosphate-laden rock in the village of
Loango Pequeno (Mongo Tando) where phosphate can be seen on the surface of the
land.

Phosphate can also be seen in greater quantity in the areas of Weka, Cacata,
Massabi.and Chivovo. The deposit of this product extends almost throughout
the province to the borders of the republics of Congo and Zaire, according to
research already completed.

Phosphate is important in Angola's economy inasmuch as it is used in the
manufacture of fertilizer, medicine, soap and other products.

8568
CsO: 3442/399

16


JPRS*SSA*85=097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

NEW SEBHY OIL DEPOTS AT BINGO OPENED
Quagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 23 Aug 85 p 8

{Text] On Tuesday 13 August, Capt Henri Zongo, representing the Faso
president, opened the depots of the Burkinabe Oil Storage Company (SEBHY) at
Bingo, in the presence of the high commissioners of Bazega and Kadiogo.

Speaking on theoccasion, Comrade Jean Sidibe, the SEBHY director general,
said among other things that Burkina Faso is an enclaved country that does not
yet produce oil, and in which oil consumption represents 16 percent of the
total import value. Also, oil is a sector that is very delicate, very
strategic, and too important to be left only in the hands of the multinational
corporations.

The purposes of the SEBHY company are to build and manage the depots, supply
the country, and supervise storage. The company has a capital of 750 million
CFA frances, of which 70 percent of the shares are held by state subsidiaries
(Bureau of Mines and Geology of Burkina BUMIGEB, CBC, CEP), and 30 percent by
the oil companies British Petroleum, B/Shell, Mobil Oil, Total, and Texaco.

The depot is composed of two tanks 6,200 cubic meters each for gasoline, one
tank 4,130 cubic meters for gas oil, one tank 3,250 cubic meters for super,
one tank 1,830 cubic meters for DDO [expansion unknown], and one tank 1,830
cubic meters for kerosene, or a total capacity of 23,440 cubic meters of
liquid fuels. There are also two tanks, each 100 cubic meters, for butane
gas, one water tank 600 cubic meters, and an emptying and loading station.
The total cost is 8.311 billion CFA francs.

9920
CSO: 3419/543

33



"5,861 thus far," he says. And this number will grow at the rate of 20 to 30
per day.

This morning, dozens of women are in the waiting room. Some are seated on
long benches, others even on the floor, while others stand in line. Dr Ortega
is helped in talking to his patients by two Djiboutian nurses: Choukry
Houssein and Fatouma Loita, who serve as interpreters. “The most frequent
problems are related to difficulties caused by the infibulation practice, as
well as minor internal infections,” said the gynecologist, who is also
examining more and more women coming from the capital. Some were referred to
me by my colleagues of Peltier hospital and the Ali Faren medical center.
Others, particularly those from well-off circumstances, come on their own,
presenting medical cards from French hospitals (Marseille, Lyon, Paris), he
said. Mr Ortega also treats many cases of venereal disease.

This gynecologist faces a lack of adequate medicines. “These medicines are
very expensive and the women, who are very poor, cannot afford them. However,
we hope to find a solution next year, thanks to aid in medicines from Italy,”
Ortega said. He also plans to establish an education center for traditional
midwives of Balbala. “Thus, they will be able to help the women of their
areas under better conditions and with clean equipment."

Dr Ortega is assisted in his work by Tina Mafferzzoni, a very dynamic midwife
who is a friendly figure to all the female population of Balbala.

In addition to these specialists, there is a laboratory where Dr Ettorge
Giaquinto diagnoses the illnesses and analyzes the samples.

In summary, while Balbala remains in the eyes of one and all a ghetto where
the miserable of society live, it is nonetheless true that it has a care
center whose reputation draws the well-to-do of the capital.

And here is the concrete expression of Italian-Djiboutian cooperation, through
this Italian medical team devoted to the cause of humanity.

9920 .
CSO: 3419/567

53



The North Korean diplomat then added that the Press Center would always remain
in our hearts as a symbol of the friendship between North Korea and Benin.
Lastly, Kim Sung-hwang expressed his firm conviction that the Press Center
would contribute to the advent of a new, prosperous, and independent society
in our country and then said that the North Korean people are delighted to
have such true friends in West Africa as the Beninese people.

11798
CSO: 3419/547

19



JPRS#SSA“854097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

TETE FARMERS PLAN ECONOMIES THROUGH USE OF ELECTRICITY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Aug 85 p 3

[Text] The full use of electrical energy in agriculture in order to reduce
fuel costs was one of the solutions proposed by private farmers and
representatives of the collective farms of the workers of various enterprises
with headquarters in the city of Tete. The farmers, who spoke at a meeting
held in Tete recently under the direction of Vice Minister of Agriculture for
the Cooperative and Family Sectors Francisco Joao Pateguana, suggested this
possibility because the shortage of fuels has repeatedly threatened the farm
campaign.

At the meeting, which lasted more than 2 hours, problems pertaining to the
shortage of manpower and questions in connection with production and the late
arrival of seeds, which have also often contributed to low production levels,
were also discussed.

With regard to the labor force, the vice minister harshly criticized the
farmers who have not concerned themselves with the production of grains to
guarantee a food supply for their workers, one of the basic conditions for
retaining the labor force.

In fact, according to Francisco Joao Pateguana, it is inconceivable that the
farmers are asking the government for corn to feed their workers when they
themselves are producers of this grain.

In view of this phenomenon, the vice minister of agriculture stated that all
of the farmers in the city will be required to reserve an area of at least one
hectare for the production of grains to guarantee a food supply for their
workers.

In answer to questions raised by the speakers, this government official said
that all of the farmers should organize in associations so that the government
can provide the necessary support, apart from improving organization and the
relationship between the farmers and the party and government structures.

"In every part of the world, agriculture involves problems and sacrifices.

Therefore the workers should always be ready to deal with any problem which
may arise, in order to find viable solutions," he said.

86


JPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

CHAD

STEE REORGANIZED, RENAMED

Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 9 Aug 85 p 1

[Article: "Cabinet Meeting: STEE Reorganized and Renamed"]

[Text] Members of the government and the president

of the Republic, El hadj Hissein Habre, met yesterday
morning at a regular Cabinet meeting. It enabled the
ministers to discuss the updating of the texts establish-
ing the Chadian Electric Power Company [STEE]. They thus
decided to give a new legal structure to this company,
just as they decided to rename the institution. We are
publishing a full account of this meeting, as released
to the press by the government spokesman, Mr Soumaila
Mahamat, minister delegate to the president, in charge
of information.

A regular cabinet meeting was held today, Thursday 8 August 1985... It was
chaired by comrade El hadj Hissein Habre, president of the republic, chief
of state, cabinet chairman, and it examined the only item on the agenda.
This item, introduced by the minister of public works, mines ard petroleum,
submitted to the cabinet's approval a draft decree providing for the trans-
formation of the Chadian Electric Power Company into a new company called
Chadian Water and Electricity Company, and for new by-laws for said company.

In his introductory note, the minister stressed the necessity to streamline
STEE operations while making it possible to find a new legal framework for
the company whose activities since its creation in 1968 have expanded from
the mere production, distribution and marketing of electricity to the produc-
tion, distribution and marketing of electricity and water.

After a few alterations of the content and form of the draft decree, and
after a detailed review of the by-laws of the new company, the cabinet
approved both drafts. No other item being on the agenda, the meeting
ended at 15:00. (Chadian Press Agency).

9294

CSO: 3419/538

40


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

SCHOLARSHIP STUDENTS DEPART FOR SOVIET UNION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 17 Aug 85 p 3

{Text] Twenty Mozambican scholarship students left for the Soviet Union
yesterday afternoon. They will take specialized courses there in various
branches of activity.

The scholarships, totaling 50 in all, were awarded by the Soviet Association
for Friendship with the Peoples of Africa within the framework of the
cooperation arrangement with the Mozambican Association of Friendship and
Solidarity with the people (AMASP).

According to German Geriyev, the secretary general of the Soviet Association
for Friendship With the Peoples of Africa, who ended a visit to Mozambique
yesterday, the scholarships granted represent a qualitative leap in the
relations of friendship and cooperation which exist between the two
organizations.

These relations are to be cemented further shortly with the signing, scheduled
for the end of September, of a cooperation plan by the two associations. To
this end, German Geriyev said, an AMASP delegation headed by its secretary
general, Abner Sansao Muthemba, will travel to Moscow.

The Soviet delegation which left Maputo yesterday also included the vice
president of the Soviet association, Nikolay Drozdov.

5157
CSO: = 3442/391

81



JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

GUINEA BISSAU

SUCCESSES, DEVELOPMENT SINCE INDEPENDENCE, DESCRIBED
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 23 Aug 85 p 5-6

[Text] Coming from Dakar, the small and aged "Air
Senegal" plane makes a landing in Ziguinchoa, the
capital of Casamance. I alight with my bags, certain
that I have already arrived at Bissau. But no: The
Guinean capital is still a half-hour away by air, and
its airport is larger than the tiny area used as an
airport in this frontier area.

It is nine o'clock in the morning. Behind me is Dakar, where I had arrived
last evening. At the international airport of Bissau everything is quite
different from the Senegalese capital. Smaller, and with fewer amenities,
but much more pleasant...

Dakar is the African capital of confusion. The arrival of Air France flights
is awaited by dozens of men anxious to sell their services to the Europeans.
Tourists are especially sought after, since they are more easily seduced,
and dozens and dozens of taxis vie for clients. There, whoever takes a taxi
without first discussing the fare will wind up paying two or three times

the official price.

Not so in Bissau; everything is different. They tell me that the arrival
of the TAP-Portugal flight is a "happening" for the Guineans, but graft
here is infamous. It is morning, and the sun is blinding.

Getting off the plane creates the well-known shock of first contact with the
climate of Africa's west coast. I am bathed in perspiration as the two dozen
passengers move rapidly toward the small airport terminal, and the customs
and police formalities are quickly completed. My future friend, the journa-
list Joao Carlos Gomes, star of Guinean radio, is waiting for me. He is a
good-looking black man, coal black, tall, and well-groomed. In the days to
come he will be my constant collaborator, friend, and frequently my transla-
tor, since the population in the interior speaks practically no Portuguese.
Together we are going to see the greater part of this tiny country where
Amilcar Cabral was born. Joao Carlos is a star in the true sense of the term.
He is popular; everyone in Bissau knows him personally, and he is known by
name in the rest of the country. He is also one of the most illustrious and
famed "Don Juans" of Bissau, where they proliferate. At age 29, he already

58


JPRS*SSA+85+097
9 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

MAPUTO VEGETABLE MARKETS NOW OFFER VARIETY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 21 Aug 85 p 1

[Text] The city of Maputo is unusually well supplied with vegetable products,
which are now found in abundance in the 54 markets. This situation is the
result of the effort made in the farm sector through truck garden production
projects established to combat the serious shortage of foodstuffs in our
country's cities. This organizational effort was greatly aided by the
government measure liberalizing prices, which has served as a stimulus to the
production of vegetable crops throughout the green belt surrounding Maputo,
and the resultant offer of these products at the markets.

As a result of the abundance of garden products, the State Vegetable Marketing
Enterprise in Maputo decided yesterday morning to reduce the sale price of
cabbage drastically, from 40 to 20 meticals per kilogram.

This measure affects the price-stabilizing stalls established by this
enterprise at various markets in the capital, where private retailers are
however continuing to collect 100 to 150 meticals per kilogram for cabbage.
It also affects the itinerant vendors of vegetables who operate in a number of
suburban neighborhoods, specifically adjacent to the ROMOS on 16 June Square,
in 21 October Square, on FPLM [Popular Forces for the Liberation of
Mozambique] Avenue, in the Luis Cabral quarter and on Mozambique Avenue, where
the people have a direct supply of garden vegetables at low prices.

Price Reduction

According to information obtained from the enterprise director, this reduction
in the price to the consumer is designed to allow the rapid marketing of large
quantities of cabbage which are currently on hand in the warehouses of this
state marketing enterprise and in danger of spoilage.

In addition to this measure, the enterprise has launched a campaign to sell
cabbage as well as other garden products such as kale, lettuce and tomatoes at
the social centers of the enterprise and factories in the capital, in order to
avoid spoilage.

82


ABC: What is the significance for the Burkinabe woman of the future
strategies that the conference approved?

Alima Traore: The future strategies are for us a framework, a serious
reference for the work of the administrations in order to better grasp the
various obstacles that have to be overcome for the integration of women.
However, the determining factor is still the policy of the country itself.
Whatever the strategies, the social situations differ from continent to
continent, country to country. Our approach will be the CNR's policy, while
using the elements of the strategies document to accelerate the work for women
to the extent that there are proposed concrete measures that will enable real
integration. Also, Burkina made a commitment to that international body for
the meeting in the year 2000. Also, we hope to achieve these things with the
financial support of the O.N.G. [expansion unknown].

ABC: Do you believe in unity of action between women of the north and of the
south?

Alima Traore: In truth, this is frankly difficult. I believe that even
between Third World countries there are social, and especially political,
limitations that. one cannot overcome. At the Burkina level, we must seek
unity of action among women of all social categories. We must work here and
together to create our own emancipation and to set an example for other
countries.

9920
CSO: 3419/543

27



Fn

flight, to bring their relief. In the sky, a helicopter is dropping paratroop-
ers for training jumps.

Built at the bottom of a circle of hills dominated by a Christ the King that
stands at the summit of one. of them, Lubango, the former Portuguese Sa-de-
Bandeira, makes one think of an agreeable holiday tom. With 1,000 meters. al-
titude, its climate is renowned. Its broad avenues bordered with elegant villas
are now abandoned to trucks or military jeeps, and the privileged occupants of
the villas are virtually all superior officers, Soviet, Cuban or Angolan. The
enlisted men are housed in well guarded buildings, the men of each contingent
together. Proletarian solidarity does not necessarily engender promiscuity.

Solidly protected by batteries of missiles coupled with radar, a combat air
force with 24-hour readiness, Lubango is the operational center for the fight-
ing in the south, against South Africa as well as against UNITA, which operates
to the west. Although the number of Cuban soldiers present in Angola is still
estimated at about 20,000, to whom must be added a number of Soviet. and espe-
cially East German military advisers, there is no doubt that the level of prep-
aration has clearly improved and they are the object today of a great deal of
attention. Although all of the Antonov transport plane pilots we have been
able to see are Angolan, many Angolans today are also flying MiGs. In
Lubango, there are nightly training flights, and after nightfall until an ad-
vanced hour, the flights over the city are incessant. In Luanda, where the
military base is an extension of the civil airport, after the end of the after-
noon one can see the MiG pilots training for landings and take-offs.

“This is the good side of war," an Angolan staff member is not afraid to say,
"that we will have been able to train many young people." Young people who are
increasingly attracted by the army because it has become the object of every-
one's concerns. . Today there are 300 applicants for every post. In a country
where everything is lacking, where the struggle for survival is a daily affair,
the army of course represents an advantage, even if it is only being fed by and
given the privileges attached to the institution.

The other side of the coin, which is mentioned particularly by many foreign
business firms, is that the young people they train themselves are thus being
snapped up by the army, which hampers all development in a country that is al-
ready suffering a cruel lack of people of managerial caliber.

The war also absorbs almost half of. the Angolan budget, and even though some
leaders do not hesitate to say that the war is not responsible for all the ills
their country is suffering from, not the least of which is the general shortage,
it is certain that it is seriously compromising prospects for growth. In the
first place, perhaps, because the insecurity that prevails in two thirds of the
country prevents any normal moving around. In Luanda, highway traffic beyond a
radius of 60 km is becoming problematic, if not impossible. Communication be-
tween towns is being conducted essentially by means of airplanes. "At the
present time," a diplomat notes, "UNITA is almost everywhere, makes strikes, but
can't overthrow the regime. It's the strategy of impotence, since none of the
actors has the means to exhaust. the other."

The failure of “Operation Cabinda" (see box), however, dealt a blow to UNITA's
"unacknowledged prestige. "Destruction of installations by UNITA would have



JPRS“SSA4854097
9 October 1985

CONGO:

RELATIONS WITH GDR, ROMANTA, BULGARTA SAT) IMPROVED.
Brazzaville CONGO-MAGAZINE in French Jun-Jul 85 pp 27-30
[Article by Antoine Melonga]

[Text] President Denis Sassou-Nguesso has just completed a trip to Rast. urope
that lasted from 15 to 23 May 1985. Ilis first stop was in the GDR, where he
stayed from 15 to 17 May. It was his first official visit to that friendly
country. He was then welcomed in Romania from 17 to 19 May by President
Ceausescu. Lastly, the Bulgarian ‘odor Zhivkov received him on 20 May. .
was the second time that. Denis Sassou-Nguesso had visited Bulgaria. The first
time was on 1 March 1981. There were similar stages in each country: a stay
in the capital, bilateral talks--private at first and then with the inclusion
of experts--a vis to a particular region and to production units, the
signing of cooperation agreements or plans, and the signing of the final
communique.

But each visit had its specific features, notably as far as talks on bilateral
cooperation were concerned,

The legal foundations of cooperation between Congo and the GDR are the trade,
payment, and technical cooperation agreements ned by the two countri on
16 Narch 1965. In the 1970's, cooperation between Congo and the GDR was piven
a boost by the signing of several agreements, the chief ones being the trade
agreement of 14 March 1970, the government credit agreement of March 1970, and
the commercial credit agrecment of 31 August 1978,

Trade relations between Congo and the GDR are governed by the trade agreement.
signed in Berlin on 14 March 1970, During the period from 1974 to 1983, they
yielded overall results totaling 1,659,911,950 CFA francs. Essentially, Congo
imports machinery, electrical apparatus, and medical and surgical furniture
from Berlin, while the GDR buys rough timber, coffee, and cocoa from
Brazzaville.

Under the terms of the protocol of agreement signed on 2 March 1984 at the
conclusion of the sixth session of the joint conmission, Congo and the GDR
scheduled a series of projects extending to 31 March 1986 and covered hy
commercial credit amounting to $25 million. Those projects are the following:

42


JPRS*SSA854097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

WAR SITUATION ANALYZED
Paris LE MONDE in French 21 Aug 85 pp 1, 4
[Article by Francoise Chipaux: "Armed Peace in the Angolan South"]

[Text] N'Giva--A long concrete track divides the bush. All around are dwarf
trees and, here and there, round huts protected by a circle of wooden stakes.

A few km away, the little stone houses of the village are all open to the sky.
N'Giva, 35 km from the Namibian border, still bears all the scars of its 4
years of occupation by the South African troops. The roofs of the houses were
systematically destroyed and all of the official buildings were carefully dyna-
mited before the signing of the Lusaka Accord in February 1984, which enabled
the FAPLA (People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola) to get a foot-
hold in N'Giva again. It was in this devastated village, where wild grass is
coming up amid the ruins, that for nearly a year the joint Angolan-South African
commission had its headquarters, and it is only since the official withdrawal of
Pretoria's troops last April that the Angolan army has completely reoccupied the
terrain.

Of the 5,000 inhabitants that N'Giva had before the invasion, only about 300 are
there today. "Basically, those who had stayed during the occupation, because
the order to return hasn't been given," says an Angolan officer. The peace here
is still precarious, the army is omnipresent. According to one military offi-
cial, reconnaissance flights by South African airplanes are continuing, and
patrols cross the border from time to time, "just to keep up the fear among the
population". Strapped up in his impeccable combat uniform, Capt Sem Medo
("fearless"), who is in command of the place, has no illusions. "The South Af-
ricans have massed five battalions on the border," he says. "This isn't just a
threat. It is preparation for new aggression. Moreover," he asserts, "they
have introduced four battalions of UNITA (Jonas Savimbi's armed opposition) 55
km west .of here, and engagements have already taken place." Has he the means to
resist? "We are ready to defend our country to the last man," he answers with a
broad smile. Here, in the deep south, the Angolan troops are operating alone,
their Cuban and Soviet protectors remaining farther north, notably in Lubango,
the general headquarters of the forces of the South, 355 km from N'Giva.

There, on the air base, the concrete shelters for MiGs built by the Yugoslavs,
are buried under greenery all around runways capable of receiving any kind of
combat aircraft. This Saturday, several MiGs are stationed alongside MI-24 hel-
icopters. On the tarmac, Cuban soldiers with their kits on their backs, are
waiting for the Antonovs that provide the Luanda-Lubango connection--a 2-hour


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

CHAD

OIL PRODUCTS IMPORT REGULATION
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 15 Aug 85 pp 4-5

[Article: "Import Licenses for Oil Products to Be Granted Only to Oil
Companies" ]

[Text] The minister of economy and trade informed merchants who import
fuel and other oil products that, in view of the hazards involved when
these products are shipped, stored or handled in technical and safety
conditions other than those required, his department will be compelled to
implement current regulations concerning import, shipment, storage, dis-
tribution and sale of oil products.

Therefore, starting with the date of publication of this communique, the
following measures will be taken to standardize the oil product trade in
Chad:

1. Import licenses for oil products will be granted only to oil companies
regularly established in the Republic of Chad.

2. Circulation, storage and sale of oil products in open containers will
be prohibited. However, importers other than regularly established oil
companies will be given 45 days to dispose of their stocks.

3. A mixed economic control squad will be created to supervise the applica-
tion of the above measures and to punish any resulting violations.

4. Other accompanying measures will follow.

The minister of economy and trade is asking his fellow citizens and merchants
to understand these measures, which anyhow would become imperative in the
long run.

Chad, a country undergoing reconstruction, confronted with supply problems
due to its isolated location, must reorganize its distribution networks and
diversify its sources of supply so that it can also cope with a difficult
international economic environment.

The minister of economy and trade counts on the public-spiritedness of his
compatriots to win the battle for the revival of the Chadian economy. (Chadian
Press Agency).

9294
CSO: 3419/538 36


NKOMO'S ZAPU, RULING ZANU MAY MERGE

[Text]

cso:

HARARE. — Zim-
babwe’s ruling Zanu-

PF and Opposition PE- °

Zapu parties have held —

a series of. meetings
during the past few
weeks on a possible
merger, diplomatic
and political sources
said yesterday.

The sources said the
last formal meeting in the
series, held under the aus-
pices of the State Presi-
dent, Mr Canaan Banana,
‘took place a month ago

but there had been infor- -

mal contacts since.
Two. senior govern-

“ment Ministers, PF-Zapu

leader Dr Joshua Nkomo
and a senior PF-Zapu of-
ficial had come close to
agreement on the shape
the merged. party would

take.

‘Some of the proposals
were, however, opposed
by members ‘of the su-
preme policy-making
Zanu-PF Politburo, the
sources added. Among
the: sticking points were

‘the name the new party

would take.

Dr Nkomo has refused
to make any comment on
tle reported discussions,

3400/1179

held in tight secrecy, but

- sources said the proposals
were being considered by
the Prime Minister, Mr
Robert Mugabe, whose
cherished ambition is to
introduce a one-party
state in Zimbabwe.

Alliance

* Similar merger talks
have taken place in the
past without success. A
war-time alliance be-
tween the two ended dur-
ing campaigning for pre-
independence elections in
February 1980.

‘The talks began after
Dr Nkomo approached
Mr Banana following a
government crackdown
against himself and his
party shortly after general
elections in July, ‘the
ssources said.

Dr Nkomo yesterday
said police questioned
him for nearly two hours
on Tuesday but freed him
without any charge.

Dr Nkomio said by tele-

* phone from his home in

the southern city of Bula-*

END

116

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Sep 85 p 13

wayo that he was arrested
in Harare, Zimbabwe's
capital, just before he was
about to leave for Bula-
wayo. . :

Warrant

“The four policemen
showed mie a warrant of
arrest and said I should
accompany them to the
police station,” he said
yesterday. “But at the
station they merely asked
me questions and showed
me a document purported
to have been taken from
my home.”

‘He added that he had
challenged the police over
the document because it
had not been taken from
his home. 4

“All this is harass-'
ment. The government
cannot find any charge
against me, but it is trying
to manufacture one,” the
PF-Zapu Party leader
said.

Last month, Dr Nko-
‘mos houses in both Ha-

‘rare and Bulawayo were
repeatedly raided by

1 police, who have confis-
cated his passport and de-
tained three PF-Zapu
Members of Parliament.
— Sapa-Reuter.

JPRS#SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

ZIMBABWE


JPRS“SSA+85+097
9 October 1985

¥ ANGOLA

NEW OIL FIELD DISCOVERED IN TUBARAO
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 30 Jul 85 p 1

[Text] National Angolan Fuel Company (SONANGOL) announced
yesterday in Luanda that a new oil field was discovered in
Tubarao along Angola's north shore in the Block 2 area
where drilling began on 4 March 1985.

The well in question, the "Tubarao 4," was drilled directionally by the
"Sedneth Luanda" drilling rig of the "Jackup" type northeast of the "Tubarao
1" oil field.

The "Tubarao 4" is the first well drilled after the discovery and tests showed
a daily yield of 2,759 barrels of oil with a density of 40.4 degrees API
measured through a half-inch choker located in a tank at 7,400 feet.

The "Tubarao 4" well was drilled to a total depth of 8,600 feet and to a
vertical depth of 8,030 feet.

The Tubarao wells of discovery and confirmation were drilled to a water depth
of about 128 feet and are located 18 miles from the shore in the southern part
of Bloc 2 whose area is about 4,000 square kilometers.

Initial exploitation of the Tubarao oil field is scheduled for the beginning
of 1987. The crude oil produced will be conveyed through an underwater oil
pipe-line from the well's head protector in the Tubarao oil field to the
Lembo-East oil field, located 3 miles to the north, where it will be processed
to separate the oil from the gas and water before it is exported.

SONAGOL, national concessionaire of the rights of exploration and research
of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in Angola, has a 25 percent share in the
Block 2 consortium.

TEXACO-Angola Prospecting and Production SARL (TEXPRO) is the operator on
behalf of the consortium and holds 40 percent of the shares, where as the
Angolan Petroleum Company (TOTAL) and Petrobras International S.A. (BRASPETRO)
each hold 17.5 percent of the shares.

8568
CSO: 3442/399

15



JPRS“SSA#85~097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

FRANCE DONATES TRUCKS TO SWAPO, LOCAL UNICEF
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 2 Aug 85 p 12

[Text] Christian Nucci, minister-delegate of the French Ministry of External
Relations, who is also Head of Cooperation and Development, met yesterday
with the representatives of international organizations in this country.

On that occasion, the French official delivered a donation to the representa-
tive of UNICEF in Angola, Babocar Ndjie.

The donation consists of nine trucks to be used, according to Mr Ndjie, who is
from Gambia, to distribute food and medicines in the interior of Angola. The
shortage of transportation facilities in Angola is largely responsible for
the difficulty of assisting residents of the regions located far from the
coast, mainly those in the center and south of the country.

The UNICEF representative in Angola also said that the 9 trucks given by
France are part of a larger group that includes 20 vehicles from the German
Democratic Republic and others to be purchased with funds supplied by Canada
and Japan.

All this, he continued, is part of the one-year UNICEF emergency program
for Angola, which runs from April 1985 to March 1986.

Also present at the ceremony were Jacques Garceau, the French Ambassador to
Angola, and other members of the French delegation that is visiting this
country.

In a second ceremony yesterday morning, held at the residence of the French
Ambassador, Mr Nucci delivered two tank trucks to the Secretary-General of
SWAPO, Toivo Ya Toivo, as part of the French Government's aid to the
Namibian people.

Present at the delivery were Comrade Lucio Lara, member of the Politburo and

Secretary of the party's Central Committee for Support of Mass Organizations,
and members of the diplomatic corps and of SWAPO.

10


fe !

NIGERIA
Radio Urges Reappraisal of Countertrade Policy :
(Banji Ojewale; Lagos Domestic Service, 23 Sep 85)..... 89.
Briefs
National Identity Card Plan 91
NLC Warns Against IMF Loan 91
Negotiations With IMF Urged . 91
UK's IMF Loan Stance Criticized 92
RSA Angolan 'Invasion' Condemned 92
Angola, Frontline States Visited 92
SENEGAL

Pakistani Ambassador Denies Military Agreements With Gambia
(Sahid Said; LE POLITICIEN, 3 Aug 85) ..csseeesseeeoeecs 93

Vacation Trip Helps French Youths Gain Knowledge of Senegal
(AFRIQUE NOUVELLE, 7-13 Aug 85) .seseeeesccseeeseneeeeee 94

Islamic Associations Urged To Uphold Unity
(Editorial, Marieme Cisse Thiam; LE REVEIL ISLAMIQUE,

SEYCHELLES
Briefs
: Transport Agreement With Austria 98
SIERRA LEONE
Briefs
Iran Donates Medicine 99
SOMALIA

Joint Communique With Italy on Craxi Visit
(ANSA, 23 Sep 85) ceccecccaccccccrceseerecseeeeeeesseee 100

SOUTH AFRICA

UCT Report Reveals Most Detainees Tortured
(CAPE TIMES, 12 Sep 85) .ecccecsecseceeeccerseeeseseseces 101

Methods Used 'Scientific' 101
83 Percent Report Assault, by Barry Streek 102
Police Deny Use of Torture 103
Health Problems Result 103
132-Day Average : 104
4 Techniques of Psychological Abuse 104
Rough Manner Used 105



CITIZENSHIP ANNOUNCEMENT SEEN AS RETURNING TO ‘SQUARE ONE"

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 13 Sep 85 p 5

[Joe's Burg Column]

{Text]

r they are jolly
good fellows,
they are jolly

good fellows! They are
jolly good fellows, so
say all of us! Hip hip,
hooray!

How else can I start
off today’s column? I
mean, all of us ebony-
skinned citizens must
be cheering our voices
hoarse, seeing as the
National Party has just
announced that our
citizenship of South
Africa will be restored.

Not only that, but
those guys living in:
Transkei, Venda, Bo-
phuthatswana and Cis-
kei are now going to
find that they have
dual citizenship. This;
of course, still has to
be negotiated with the
leaders of those inde-
pendent states.

You can’t interfere,
in the affairs of a sov4
ereign state, you
know, so you can’t
have a situation where
you once told people’
they have so many citi~
zens, and then tell
them they have not got}
any. So negotiation is|
the name of the game. ’

Problem
But what does this

106

all really mean? First!
of all, when Transkei:
became independent,|
as they claim, all peo-
ple who had any vague|
connection to being,
Xhosa were told they:
‘either were Transkei
citizens or Ciskei citi-
zens.

Many. thought the
easy way out of that
problem was to say
they were Ciskei Xho-
sas.
That way, they.
would still retain their
South African cit-
izenship. ‘

Of course, we know
now that it was only
temporary relief. But
that did not mean that
Transkei would take
all this drain of their
“citizens” lightly.

Boob

‘They believed that if}

you were Xhosa, you'
had to be a Transkei
citizen. Ciskei, of.
course, would hear
none of that. I gather
that in tough negotia-
tions, it was even sug-
gested that the term
Xhosa be removed,
from the face of this.
earth.

People from Trans-
kei would be Trans-

JPRS*SSA485=097
9 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


JPRS*SSA*854097
9 October 1985

MALI

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN DOFANA DESCRIBED
Bamako L'ESSOR in French 18 Aug 85 p 6
[Article by Assoura Albadia: "A New Life for Dofana"j

[Text] For years sheik Ahmed Ag Alkissaya, chief of the Edouarack group,
nurtured a dream: to establish a village for his people. He died without
being able to do so but his son Mohamed Ahmed saw the dream come true in 1982.
The group settled down and a village named Dofana was born. Today this place
is cited as an example by both the regional and national authorities that have
visited it, because it is an excellent example of the people's struggle to
combat drought.

Those under sheik Mohamed Ahmed now have to their credit a modern well that
provides the population with potable water, a 7 km canal, 10 garden wells,

2 pasture wells and 120 trees planted. Projects under construction include

two dikes, a dispensary that is almost finished, a warehouse for the village
-ton*, two meat-drying shops, a hen house and a craftsmen's cooperative financed
by the Swiss cooperative. The village also has 2.5 million CFA francs in cash.

Defana's example is spreading in the area because two other groups, Kelteberemt IT
in the Lere district and Kelteberemt I in the Soumpi district have followed

suit. The former, under the leadership of Achoucrou Ag Hamsa, has already built

a warehouse and a hen house, drilled a modern well, planted trees and bought a
plow, a pair of. oxen and two donkeys. Two officials were trained, one to teach the
Amasheq language and the other to administer first aid. The major problem

for the 80 families totaling 600 members is the lack of cultivable land despite
the proximity of Lake Tanda.

Those newly established in Kelterberemt I under Yehya Ag Ahmed have 4 garden
wells, a pasture well 85.5 meters deep, a village pharmacy thanks to a loan
from the Swiss cooperative, a COPAC store and a camp. The 650 members of 100
families are growing millet and sorghum on the shores of Lake Kabara.

These two groups were visited by governor Abdourahmane Diallo, who congratulated
them on their decision and encouraged them to continue to fight the drought.

*Young people's association of the traditional type found in villages,

9720
€S0:3419/555

65



JPRS*SSA*854097
9 October 1985

BENIN

BRIEFS

IDB LOAN TO BENIN--Jeddah, 22 Aug (SPA)--The Islamic Development Bank [IDB]
yesterday signed an agreement with Benin to finance a $5 million deal for
Benin to import oil products. Since the beginning of this year, the IDB has
loaned Benin $10,555,000. [Excerpts] [Riyadh SPA in Arabic 0700 GMT 22 Aug
85 GF]

cso: 4400/261

20


JPRS«SSA“85+097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

COMMANDER OF 5TH REGION TROOPS ON RSA THREAT, UNITA
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 2 Aug 85 pp 1,2

[Text] Lubango-~Speaking last Wednesday in this city,
Lt Col Salviano Cerqueira (Kianda), commander of the
5th region political-military troops, reported a
large-scale concentration of men and war materiel of
the South African regular army at our southern border,
in Cunene Province, which suggests the imminence of
another full-scale attack on the sovereign territory
of the People's Republic of Angola.

That member of the 5th Region Military Council, speaking at a press
conference convened on the eve of the 11th anniversary of the establishment
of the FAPLA [People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola],

asserted that the withdrawal of the South African troops from Angolan
territory was questionable inasmuch as some of their units have not ceased
to operate within our country on the pretext of continuing to pursue SWAPO.

According to the regional commander, regular South African troops are located
at a distance of 10 to 15 kilometers from our border where there is a
concentration of 9 infantry battalions, 4 motorized infantry brigades, 1
regiment of approximately 90 tanks and more than 1 tank battalion belonging
to Namibian territorial troops known as SWAFT [South-West African
Territorial Front] with more than 30 tanks, thus totaling 120 armored tanks.

There are also 7 groups of long-range, high-caliber land artillery in
addition to other pieces of artillery and mortars, totaling about 200,

and associated with LM-90, LM-60 armored tanks and other infantry-transport
vehicles, giving a total of 500 military conveyances.

Other types of special battalions, such as those used for communications,
engineering and paratrooper purposes, are also stationed near our southern
border ready once more to vent their usual murderous rage against defenseless
children, women and elderly men.

According to Lieutenant Colonel Kianda, in the case of an attack, these
troops will be supported by about 6 to 8 squadrons of fighter planes
totaling from 80 to 100 units, 40 to 100 troop-transport and combat


party, whatever happens, nor may he ever venture to challenge the decisions of
the party. Discussion bodies are provided for this kind of debate.

It is because of this rigor in the conduct of the proletarian party that many
people in Burkina wrongly fear the concept of the proletarian party, believing
that it can only lead to dictatorship (perceived here in its evil form, i.e.,
a bourgeois dictatorship which oppresses the people). The proletarian party
is nothing other than the party of the people. And as the people are one in
any given society, there can only be a single framework for their political
struggle--the proletarian party, which can block the path of the exploiters
and oppressors of the people. This is why, when the people are in power,
there can only be one party, which many people confuse with the single parties
which bourgeois regimes often establish in order to victimize the people.

In addition to the rules necessary for any consistent political party,
generally speaking, the proletarian party engages in self-discipline and keeps
a close watch with regard to revolutionary principles. Democratic centralism,
criticism and self-criticism remain the untouchable organizational principles
on which the proletarian party is based. Because of this, arbitrary action
and settlements of account are excluded from the working methods of the party,
which places all the militants on an equal footing and demands of them
conformity without exception to the same revolutionary discipline, under its
protection.

The congress is the supreme organ of the proletarian party. (It should be
noted that, mimicking the proletarian party, the reactionary and fascist
parties also speak of congresses.) Vanguard, that is to say proletarian,
parties, generally convoke their congresses every 2 or every 5 years, in
normal times. It is the Central Committee, the leadership body of the party,
which convokes the congresses, with the agreement of the political bureau of
the party, another body entrusted with the making of certain political
decisions pertaining to the conduct of the affairs of state.

In view of the dynamic role of the proletarian party in the conduct of a
revolution, its determination to organize and mobilize the masses, its
scientific vision of political, economic and ideological problems and its
capacity to define the tasks of social development properly, this type of
party is indispensable to Burkina, which is experiencing a revolutionary
process in which the people have seized state power without having had the
experience of such a political structure. Only such a party can make it
possible for the August revolution to achieve consistent and victorious
progress, scientifically, politically, ideologically and organizationally, on
all levels, in the building of the new society in Burkina Faso. It is asa
function of all these reasons and factors that the establishment of a
proletarian party in Burkina is ever more an issue. For the staffing of the
August revolution will become increasingly difficult without such a party. As
a result, the survival of this revolution will depend in large part on the
establishment of this vanguard party of the workers class.

5157
cso: 34190528

25



JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

SENEGAL

VACATION TRIP HELPS FRENCH YOUTHS. GAIN KNOWLEDGE OF SENEGAL
Paris AFRIQUE NOUVELLE in French 7-13 Aug 85 p 14-15

[Text] On the initiative of the Cultural Association for the Promotion of
Political Awareness and Development (ACSD) in the Third World, which has head-
quarters in France, 30 young French vacationers arrived in Senegal on 4 July.
This trip is not, as is often the case, a simple tourist and pleasure trip.
The originators of the project, six of whom made the trip as coinselors tried
to come up with something that would make the trip more beneficial to both the
young "explorers" and the host country.

To show off the real Senegal is in short the wager of the ASCD whose goals are
as follows: Defense of immigrant workers' rights, development - promotion of
political awareness, mass education, promotion of cultural awareness and extra-
curricular activities.

Most of the children who made the trip came from immigrant families, the others,
from French middle-class families. The purpose of this project, partially
financed by business committees and social organizations, but for this year,
mostly by SAFT and RhOne Poulenc, was to let the young people gain firsthand
experiences. Consequently, in order to see the real Senegal for themselves,
they crisscrossed the country and participated in cultural activities: Basket
making, wood carving, etc. Entertainment was not excluded since they attended
various traditional dances and took parts in some ballets. Integrated tourist
camp grounds, especially in Casamance, were undoubtedly one of their big
attractions. It was, in short, a question of sharing the people's requisite
solidarity, for, according to Grégoire Forbis, president of the Association and
principal organizer of the trip: "Today's young people are tomorrow's France."

Therefore, like "SOS Racism," "Don't Touch my Buddy," "Tam-Tam for Ethiopia"

and others which are gearing up to help the African countries struggling

against the drought and various natural calamities, ACSD wants to contribute
(modestly) to the rapprochement of peoples. In this instance, it is not a
question of collecting funds of solidarity, but rather of allowing 13 to 17

year olds to see the country for themselves, gain firsthand experiences and share
days of happiness and anxiety with the local populations in order to acquire a
better idea of developing countries. It is a fortunate initiative, but not a
first experiment, since it is the third time that such a trip to Senegal has
been organized. The officials of the Association think that it is the best

94


Concerning the liberalization of prices, the vice minister of agriculture said
that the government has made this decision "because we know that the money
needed to resolve your problems is to be found on your collective farms."

In a brief speech, Eduardo Arao, governor of the province of Tete, noted the
lack of a consensus between the farmers and the government officials, which
often has a negative effect on the implementation of some of the decisions
adopted.

The meeting ended with a recommendation that the farmers in the city of Tete

form associations, so as to allow and guarantee the efficient and equitable
distribution of the limited resources available to the farm sector.

5157
CSO: 3442/391

87



helicopters and a number of navy units which would attack our coastline in
Namibe Province.

“These units are maintaining a high state of combat readiness, but we are
not frightened by this concentration of South African troops at our southern
border," said the chief of the regional troops in responding to a question
put to him with regard to the steps being taken by the 5th regional command
to repel any enemy attack, adding that our troops have very high morale.

Later in the press conference he stated that "we no longer need to fear the
enemy's use of planes inasmuch as our armed forces have greatly increased
their defensive capability from an antiaircraft standpoint."

Continuing his comments, the military official said that he is sure that a
number of South African troops are continuing to operate in our territory
but that they flee at the slightest contact with our troops; in addition,
South African aerial reconnaissance planes are continuing to operate at a
distance of 10 kilometers in front of our units stationed in Cahama, Mulondo
and Xamutete.

In answer to another question regarding the activity of puppet groups in the
area during the first half of this year, Lieutenant Colonel Kianda said that
no enemy action is being observed in Namibe Province at this time.

He mentioned that a certain amount of action has been reported in Huila,
especially within cities bordering on Huambo Province--namely, in Caconda
and Tchipindo--in addition to a number of ambushes or cases of sabatoge on
the average of every 2 months on the road which connects Cacula with Caconda.

With regard to Cunene Province, the principal concentrations occurred at the
time of the withdrawal of the South African troops from the sites which they
were occupying, which the UNITA lackeys wanted to seize and which the FAPLA
always managed to ward off with much or little enemy resistance.

In face of this situation, the UNITA bandits tried, with the help of their
bosses, to impede the passage of our columns on the road which connects
Xangongo with Mongua and Ondjiva as well as that which unites Xamutete with
Cuvelai and Evale, but which was "short-lived" inasmuch as the FAPLA
frustrated all such enemy attempts.

At present, UNITA's action is confined to areas which are remote from the
capital of Cunene Province--namely, in Hambu and the border areas of
Onangue and south of Cwamato.

"The UNITA command known as 49, from which all enemy. action proceeds toward
the north of Cunene Province, specifically in the Cuvelai area, was pinpointed
‘in the Honde area about 80 kilometers from Ondjiva," Lieutenant Colonel
Kianda said.

In conclusion, the 5th regional commander said that the situation is now
favorable to our troops who are conducting all initiatives and that the
Namibe railroad is usable throughout its entire length, the same being true
for all other communication routes.

8568

cso: 3442/400



JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

SENEGAL

PAKISTANI AMBASSADOR DENIES MILITARY AGREEMENTS WITH GAMBIA
Dakar LE POLITICIEN in French 3 Aug 85 p 7

{Letter to the editor written by Pakistani Ambassador Zahid Said]
[Text] Dear Editor:

In a report dated 17 May, entitled "The Ambassador of Nigeria Answers," your

newspaper commented that Nigeria had stepped back at the last minute, leaving
Pakistan, a member of the Commonwealth and a non-African country which has no
special relations with Senegal, to handle directly the military aid to Gambia.
You also asserted that there were secret agreements pertaining to this matter.

In order to be fair, I would like to emphasize that Pakistan has no military
aid agreement of any type with Gambia. Like Senegal, Gambia is a member of
the Islamic Conference Organization and Pakistan has the privilege of maintain~
ing friendly relations with both countries.

We are particularly satisfied with the support which Senegal has given Pakistan
on several international issues and, more particularly, on the Afghan problem.

I can also assure you.that these feelings of friendship are mutual in a true
spirit of Islamic fraternity. It is therefore erroneous when your correspondent
emphasizes that Pakistan does not maintain special relations of friendship with
Senegal.

I would also like to bring to your attention that Pakistan left the British
Commonwealth more than 12 years ago and there is no question of acting under
the presumed influence of the Commonwealth.

I could say that Pakistan belongs to the Commonwealth of Islamic countries, in
this case, the Islamic Conference Organization of which Senegal is a respected
member and within which it enjoys fraternal relations with Pakistan.

I would appreciate your publishing this letter.

Meanwhile I remain yours truly,

Zahid Said, Ambassador of Pakistan

6857
cso: 3419/532

93



SEYCHELLES

BRIEFS

TRANSPORT AGREEMENT WITH AUSTRIA--Victoria (Seychelles), 17 Sep (AFP)--
Seychelles and Austria signed an agreement on Monday authorizing their respec-
tive national companies to run flights between the two countries, official
sources have indicated. The agreement was signed by the Seychelles secretary
in charge of transport, Captain James Ferrari, and the head of civil aviation
in the Austrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Dr Erich Binder. [Text] [Paris
AFP in French 1301 GMT 17 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/1186

98



NEW HIGH-RROFILE SEEN AS CREATING DILEMMA FOR MUGABE

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 12 Sep 85 p 8

[Article by Michael Hartnack]

{Text]

FOR some unaccount-
able reason, news of two
extremely important
events for Zimbabwe
reached our local news
media last week 24 to 48
hours behind the rest of
the world.

The first item was that
on August 29 Zimbab-

wean and Mozambican ,

, troops stormed the head-

quarters near Goron-
goza, north-west of
Beira, of Renamo rebel
leader Afonso Dhla-
kama.

Accounts, which took
nine days to filter
through, spoke of an ae-
rial bombardment and
an assault which left
scores — possibly hun-
dreds — dead on both
sides.

It appears to have;

been the nearest thing to
a set-piece conventional

battle involving black |

‘troops of this country
since the 1914-18 cam-
-paign against the invin-
cibly elusive German as-
kari of General Paul von
Lettow-Vorbeck, which

was itself fought partly

.in Mozambique. ... ;

‘ Escaped
Dhlakama seems to
have escaped when his
base was overrun and
‘only time will tell wheth-
er this was his Waterloo,
as the Zimbabwean
Prime Minister, Mr Rob-
ert Mugabe, stated at the

weekend, or whether it
|was only one episode in

a long, costly involve-

ment which will test to
; the utmost the cohesive-
‘ness and fighting morale
‘of the new Zimbabwe

national army — and the

new Zimbabwean na-
* tion.

That fearless, uncen- +
sorable organ of Africa’s
fourth estate, the bush
telegraph, spoke of large
numbers of soldiers’
‘eorpses being brought,
back to Mutare, but the }
-Zimbabwean public
were not subjected, as
the American people
were during the Viet-

+ nam war, to harrowing
; television footage of our
wounded being evacuat-
ed from the battle zone.

Chairman

They.saw none of the
horror of the inevitable
casualties among camp-
following women and
children which might
have caused the faint-
hearted to ask: “Is it all
worth it?” °

Neither were Zimbab- ,;
weans exposed to any so-
phisticated news media
analysis of that other
momentous event of the
week, the nomination of }
our Prime Minister to a
three-year term as chair- 5
man of the Non-aligned ;
Movement by virtue of
the selection of Harare,
at a foreign ministers’ “

inieetirig: in “Lilaiida, “as”
ithe venue for the 1986
leonference of its 101
member countries.
» Mr Mugabe hailed his
new role on the world
stage as “a great hon-
our”. But his acceptance

laces Zimbabwe moral: -
ly and politically, as well
as geographically, in the -
forefront of the confron-
tation with white rule in
South Africa.

Booms

It will simply not be
possible for Mr Mugabe :
‘to pretend, as President *
; Kenneth Kaunda of Zam-
‘bia did when Britain
sought sanctions against
Rhodesia in 1965, that he
Jis merely an innocent
bystander, the leader of
a small country which ':
wholeheartedly. sub-'
scribes to the United
Nations’ standards of po- .
litical morality, but!
through no initiative of |
» its own has found itself
in the firing line be- |
tween the international |
; community and a dan-j
gerous outlaw.

} Mr Mugabe has, in
short, put himself at the
head of the pack.

Media

International experts
[believe the imposition of
‘sanctions against South
Africa will increase, not
diminish, Africa’s trade
with South Africa. Mr

JPRS“SSA+85+097
9 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

"Mugabe will be hard put
to head the Non-aligned
Movement’s campaign at °

ithe UN for a comprehen- ;

i sive, mandatory, inter-

jnational blockade of -
Pretoria while business .

'booms at the trade mis- |

;Sions in Harare and Jo- +

i hannesburg.

‘And there may be an-,
other unpleasant con-.
comitant of Mr Mugabe's
adoption of a “high pro- °
\ file” in Southern Africa.
1A massive influx of in- .
|ternational journalists :
|must be expected in
‘Harare in advance of
next year’s non-aligned
summit here.

The Afro-Asian and
communist bloc media
may be content to report
only what Zimbabwean
leaders say, but the
Western press will re-
port what it sees — in
Matabeleland as much ;
as anywhere else.

While Mr Mugabe is '
aiming to catch the in-’
ternational headlines as
chairman of the Non-
aligned Movement, he.
may have grave enough.

olitical problems at:

iome through his plans

: to rescind white parlia- :

mentary representation *

. and move towards a one: !

party state.

Obscurity may not be ,
flattering, but there was *
an illustration last week '
of its decided advan-

114

tages. ° :


"Guinea-Bissau is unrecognizable as compared with 2 or 3 years ago," I was
told, for example, by the director of the French cultural center, Alain
Rennucci, who was applauding the way things are going in the country.

Right now, the "battle" in Guinea is between the managers and the politicians
and bureaucrats of the government, I was told by one Guinean; it is a silent
battle which has not yet broken open, but it is being waged intensely. Mean-
while, a manager from one of the Ministries told me, on one of the many nights
I spent in the liveliest night-clubs of Bissau, the "Kora-club", that he
thought that the results developed by the DEPA regional centers were not
appropriate for the country, because they were creating "urban centers in
rural places."

This point of view, admittedly expressed by an "urbanite," seems to have
some supporters in the government, who will not view positively the ascension
of those managers who volunteered to go into the field, and have been success-
ful. Today in Bissau, one often hears mention made of the "old guard." The
"old guard" are the ones who led the battle for liberation; as a group they
are in their early thirties, and are about to be superceded by the "techno-
crats" who are undeniably better equipped to push the Guinean economy forward.
The appearance on the scene of these "technocrats" is "a danger" to the "old
guard" from the liberation movement, who may see themselves forced subtly into
"retirement." It is easy to accept the technocrats in the ministries or the
secretariats, and it is said that the President, himself, Joao Bernardo
Vieira, is happy to see them on the political/economic scene.

The grand conundrum of Guinea-Bissau thus seems to be: will the new youth
be able to succeed in consolidating their positions, which are for the most
part entirely deserved? Or, in other words: will the "old guard" submit,
thereby peacefully accepting the fact that they have been assigned a
secondary role in the country for which they were essential during the fight
for independence? There is no easy answer, and there are many in Bissau
who think that things will not be easy for Nino Vieira; there are many good
people who do not look positively upon the president's "democratization"
and his lack of orthodoxy, in the political sense. As for the future

of Guinea, however, this "pragmatism" of Nino Vieira seems to be producing
good results, and, in comparison with other African Portuguese-speaking
nations, 12 years after its unilateral declaration of independence, the
balance is, without a doubt, in Guinea-Bissau's favor.

12857
cso: 3442/403

61



At least a dozen individuals from this region of Mozambique have been arriving
daily at the reception center for refugees from Zimbabwe in Nyamatiquiti,
located about 300 kilometers from the province of Tete. There are more than
2,000 individuals at this center. The number arriving daily at the four
reception centers is increasing steadily.

During a visit paid to Zimbabwe last year by Amos Mahanjane, director of the
Department for the Prevention Of and Dealing With Natural Calamities, the
official figures given indicated that there were more than 11,000 persons at
nine refugee centers, distributed as follows: Macoma, 2,000; Chitenga, 1,500;
Mucoza, 2,000; Macone, 400; Maname, 250; Marymont, 800; Russambo, 350; Morrs,
546; and Bindira, 3,000.

And these figures pertain only to the Mozambicans in refugee centers, which
have now been reduced with a view to better organization. One of the largest
refugee centers is that in Nyamatiquiti.

Among the various international humanitarian organizations, particular aid has
been provided to the refugees from our country by the Red Cross of Zimbabwe
(which in practice controls all assistance), OXFAM, Save the Children, church
groups and others.

Until the beginning of 1984, ANOP reports say, the authorities in Zimbabwe
attempted to limit the number of Mozambicans entering the country. Flatbed
trucks patrolled the roads and trails on the frontier looking for refugees.
The media in Zimbabwe even carried dramatic reports of Mozambicans crossing
the frontier.

Sources linked with various international humanitarian organizations told
NOTICIAS in Harare that the serious situation of hunger and anguish which was
the reason for the massive flight of tens of thousands of Mozambicans from the
boundary areas was a source of worry for the Zimbabwean authorities and the
international organizations themselves.

Some humanitarian organizations within Mozambique have also been providing
food and health aid to the people living in the regions adjacent to Zimbabwe.
This is the case with the program developed by the UNICEF in Espungabera.

There are even cases of Mozambicans who, in order to survive and because they
were living in Zimbabwe illegally, were forced to work in farm programs and
other industries in exchange for food and shelter or miserable sums of money.

Even so, tens of individuals are continuing to travel to Zimbabwe, while a
number of groups have undertaken to return to their zones of origin,
particularly in the provinces of Tete and Manica, with practically no
resources. They lost everything in their trek to Zimbabwe in search of better
living conditions.

5157
cso: 3442/390

67



JPRS*SSA#85+097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

POWER OUTAGE IN HUILA, NAMIBE REPORTED DUE TO UNITA ATTACK
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 9 Aug 85 p 1
[Article by J. Graca]

[Text] Lubango--An act of sabotage perpetrated by puppets in the pay of
Pretoria and international imperialism against the high-tension line between
the Matala hydroelectric dam and the capital of Huila Province Sunday evening
at about 2215 hours and approximately 150 kilometers northeast of Lubango

in the Bendela area interrupted the supply of electric power to Huila and
Namibe provinces.

The shortage of power in the two provinces, which lasted about 13 hours,
was restored with the startup of the Xitoto thermal power plant in Namibe
Province which operates with two groups of generators of 7 megawatts each
and which consume 15,000 liters of fuel per hour.

Rocha Santos, director of the Southern Regional Energy Enterprise, who a few
hours later visited the scene of the disaster accompanied by members of the
defense and security forces to evaluate the material damage incurred, was
contacted by our reporting staff and advised us that the action resulted in
the complete destruction of one tower and considerable damage to two others.

He announced the beginning yesterday of temporary repairs to the damaged
towers, a project being carried out by 40 workers under the direction of
Augusto dos Santos, an experienced technician in the construction of high-
tension power lines; with great dedication they are working arduously day and
night with the assurance that, if everything goes well, power supply will

be noramlized within 2 weeks.

It will be recalled that this is the third time that the Matala high-tension
power line has been sabotaged, the first time being in 1978 and the second
in 1979.

8568
CSO: 3442/401

12


school for becoming aware of the realities of Third World development. Only,
unlike other organizations of this type, in this instance there is no pub-
licity done, the main thing being that lasting friendships be formed between
French and Senegalese youths and, most of all, that these few days spent in a
foreign environment be a source of mutual enrichment. Who more than these
young people from France should be the better spokesmen for. the real Senegal?
To be sure, 21 days do not suffice to get the true picture of a country, but,
still, that is enough to observe and appreciate it. At this point, it is also
necessary to acknowledge the remarkable contribution of travel agencies such as
"Air Afrique" and "Tukki Afric Services," which made the implementation of the
project possible by offering special unbeatable rates and, taking into account
the limitation in time, offered a discovery route sufficiently complete.

ACSD and ASTIREB whose vacationing members voluntarily chose Senegal, do not
restrict themselves to trips. Last year, it sponsored the pairing of the
Djinabo of Ziguinchor and Cléon lycées, the former in Senegal, the latter in
France. Likewise, in March 1984, it was responsible for an important exhibit
entitled "When Senegal Tells Its Own Story," presented by the French Cultural
Center and Dakar School of Architecture and Town Planning. More than 40,000
people viewed the exhibit over a 2-week period. Henri Lopés, UNESCO deputy
director, attended the Cléon-sponsored exhibit.

We can only salute the promotors of such a project, which is better than any
speech, who want to allow immigrant children a better reintegration in their
native country. For the other children of various backgrounds, it is an
occasion for getting rid of preconceived notions, prejudices and ideas, often
erroneous, concerning the Third World. Having known solidarity firsthand, these
young vacationers will be, in turn, able to defend solidarity. It is hoped that
such trips will become more frequent, that they will remain outside political
channels and, most of all, that, in the near future, Third World youths will be
able to share the same type of experiences with their European brothers.

6857
CsO: 3419/532

95



JPRS“SSA*85~097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

HEALTH MINISTER VISITS CUNENE--Lubango--Health Minister Ferreira Neto has been
in Cunene Province since last Wednesday in keeping with periodic visits
scheduled by the ministry which he directs. Ferreira Neto has just visited the
village of Castanheira de Pera, provisional capital of Cunene. While passing
through Lubango on Friday, the minister told the ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY that he
would be visiting other localities of Angola's southern area. [Text] [Luanda
JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 11 Aug 85 p 12] 8568

SUGAR PRODUCTION FIGURES GIVEN--A total of 352,013 tons of sugar cane and
23,100 tons of sugar are the goals set by the National Sugar Company for
the 1985-1986 campaign. The harvest begins today in the "Herois de Caxito"
complex, associated with the Sugar Enterprise of the North (Acunor-UEE), in
a ceremony to be attended by members of the party and government. The
figures to be achieved by each of the complexes are as follows: 84,000 tons
of sugar cane and 5,100 tons of sugar for the "Herois de Caxito" complex;
189,237 tons of cane and 14,000 tons of sugar for the "1 de Maio" complex;
and 78,776 tons of cane and only 4 tons of sugar for the "4 de Fevereiro"
complex, the latter two belonging to the OSUKA-UEE Enterprise of Benguela.
It will be recalled that in the 1984-1985 campaign, the "Herois de Caxito"
complex was expected to produce 5,100 tons but produced only 2,532 tons,

or 37.8 percent of the goal. The "1 de Maio" complex was scheduled to
produce 20,860 tons but produced only 19,378 tons, or 92.8 percent of its
goal. Lastly, the "4 de Fevereiro" complex was expected to produce 7,378
tons, corresponding to 30 percent of the planned goal. Considerable change
has occurred in the form of increased production in these three complexes
compared with the harvests of previous years, and it must be pointed out that
the "1 de Maio" complex in Benguela Province played a major role in that
increase. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 1 Aug 85 p 3] 8568

CSO: 3442/400

7



JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

CONGO

STATEMENTS ON ANNIVERSARY OF REVOLUTION
Presidential Message
Brazzaville MWELfT in French 15 Aug 85 p 2

[Speech to the nation by President Denis Sassou-Nguesso on 14 August 1985 on
the 22nd anniversary of the revolution]

[Text] Congolese people,
Militant comrades,

On this day on which we celebrate the 22nd anniversary of the 3 glorious days
in August 1963 that saw our people rally in unison to rise up against the
perpetuation of subjection and destitution, we would Like to invite you to
think deeply about the significance of the progress made since then and hence
about the destiny of our nation. +

We must become convinced that if a people wants to be free and emancipated in
every way, it must be moved by two basic forces: the collective faculty to
remember and the ambition to achieve a destiny built on honor. Our collective
memory is full of glorious events ranging from resistance to the foreign
occupier to the many victories won over reactionary fore both here and
abroad.

In that respect, the date of 15 August 1963 provides the most striking
illustration of the abilities that a united and aware people can bring into
play to put its personal stamp on destiny. Tt was on 15 August 1963 that
we succeeded, thanks to our unity, thanks to our determination, and despite
divisions of all kinds, particularly ethnic and regional, in rallying as one
around a unifying plan: the plan for the total liberation of our people. That
fact must be forever inscribed in our awareness as an inalienable legacy and
an invigorating memory.

Collective memory also means our ability to learn the lessons of the past and
thus exclude from our behavior all that has harmed our progress, all that has
divided our ranks and strengthened the enemy, and all centrifugal tendencies,
and to bring together all that has made possible the triumph of the causes for

46


JPRS+SSA+85+097
9 October 1985

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

NATIONAL IDENTITY CARD PLAN--The Federal Military Government has given the
assurance that it will look into the issue of the national identity card
scheme to ensure that it takes off the ground. The minister of internal
affairs, Lieutenant Colonel John Shagaya, gave the assurance today in Lagos.
He announced that the Department of National Civic Registration charged with
the execution of the project had established offices in all the state capitals
including Abuja. The contract for the scheme was signed in September 1982 at
the cost of 56.3 million naira. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English
1500 GMT 17 Sep 85]

NLC WARNS AGAINST IMF LOAN--The Nigerian Labor Congress [NLC] has said that
the country will be exposed to economic and political dangers if she accepts
the conditions given by the International Monetary Fund [IMF] for a loan. The
president of the congress, Alhaji Ali Chiroma, made the assertion in Lagos
today at a special news conference organized by the (?Legal) Writers
Association of Nigeria. He warned that if the naira is devalued, Nigeria's
external debts of about $20 billion might be doubled. Alhaji Chiroma also
stated that trade liberaliation would kill local industries which were still
at their infancy and force them to retrench most of their workers. On the
withdrawal of subsidies of petroleum products, the NLC president said that
unpatriotic Nigerians could exploit the situation to inflate prices. Alhaji
Chiroma suggested alternatives to the IMF loan. They include slashing of
expenditure on the importation of (?defense machinery) and compelling multi-
national companies operating in Nigeria to reinvest some of their huge profits
into the economy. He also called for the rescheduling of Nigeria's external
debts instead of the present system of using 44 percent of the country's
external earnings for debt servicing. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in
English 2100 GMT 18 Sep 85]

NEGOTIATIONS WITH IMF URGED-~As the debate on the IMF loan continues, the
execute director of the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria says the country
should negotiate with the Fund to review some of its conditions. According to
Dr Oladapo Fasoora, areas to be looked into should include the demands by the
Fund for the devaluation of the naira and trade liberalization. He advised
the nation not to accept these demands because they will have serious conse-
quences on the economy. He, however, conceded that Nigeria needed foreign
loans to enable her to overcome her serious balance of payment problems as
they already had a negative impact on the manufacturing industries. On

91



and those close to them who procured supplies in a helter-skelter fashion,
shady merchants recommended by the authorities and private individuals who have
not paid their debts.

The situation was helped along by the laxity of the managers who headed the insti-
tution, the ease of obtaining credit, influence peddling, poor management and

a bad method for collecting the grain. In short, rigor and authority were absent.
OFNACER can no longer continue to suffer from poor management; a policy of
austerity must be implemented.

The people's meeting was an opportunity to try to win back the people's confidence.
OFNACER must respond to the aspirations of the masses at all costs. Comrade
general maanger insisted on the fact that OFNACER must be brought closer to the
consumer and its structures decentralized; in order to do this regional offices
have been created and grain banks are located in the villages.

Bringing the institution in line with the revolution assumes that there will be
a legal basis for the institution and that new organizational structures will

be created based on a better management system. The financial area must also

be improved by implementing analytical accounting. The Office will soon be
computerized and for the first time since 1975 there will be a board of directors
meeting. The end result is to make OFNACER an independent service with its own
funds, which will help it participate in the fight for food self-sufficiency.

One of the most eagerly awaited parts of the meeting was the part devoted to

the measures taken at the coordination council meetings last 14 and 16 August.
Comrade Ani Tiousse, representing the president of the country, exposed the
procedure used by some civil servants to divert grain, This involved claiming
possession of foodstuffs on the basis of a coupon signed at OFNACER. The food
was to.be distributed to those requesting it.and the amounts collected were to

be turned over to OFNACER. The individuals had 1 month in which to pay OFNACER,
which some have not done for several months or even 1 year. It must also be noted
that many civil servants have not paid their debts, which complicates the task.

Comrade Tiousse said, "Before 23 August, those owing money must settle their
accounts with OFNACER." It should also be emphasized that there are errors
on the lists because OFNACER's accounting was not sufficiently strict and some
comrades whose accounts were settled have been laid off or suspended. Comrade
Tiousse emphasized, however, that the CNR will.lift the measures pertaining to
these comrades and the OFNACER accounting office, which sent the lists to the
military cabinet of the presidency of the republic, will be reprimanded.

However, there is still 1.236 billion to collect and it will be collected in
whatever way is necessary. The administrative and financial directors of the
services are henceforth responsible for all diversions of grain since they are
countersigning the delivery slips. It must be understood that OFNACER is a
structure that was set up to be used by the people and not to use the people.

9720
CSO: 3419/540

29



JPRS*SSA=854097
9 October 1985

ANGOLA

USSR TO SEND TECHNICANS TO BUILD KAPANDA DAM
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 4 Aug 85 p 3

{Text] Energy occupies a prominent place in economic cooperation relations
between the People's Republic of Angola and the Soviet Union.

It is within the context of this relationship, a TASS article points out,
that the Soviet Union will send a group of technicians to Angola between
1985 and 1987 to participate in planning and technical studies to be done
in preparation for building the Kapanda dam in the Angolan province of Malange.

The Soviet Union will also supply various types of technical equipment to be
utilized during the construction phase of the project, which is scheduled for
completion in 1990.

The Soviet technicians and equipment are being sent under an agreement signed
between the Soviet foreign trade company Tekhnopromeksport and Angolan
groups.

Brazilian technicians will also take part in building the Kapanda dam because
Brazil, along with Angola and the USSR, is one of the signatories to the
agreement calling for the construction of the Kapanda dam.

When the Kapanda dam goes on stream, it will make increased socioeconomic

development possible in a vast region of Angola, especially the area that
includes the provinces of Malange, Huambo, Lunda South, Uige and Moxico.

12830
csO: 3422/397

13



Thus, the attack is an attempt to weaken SWAPO so as to lift the pressure off
the South African administration in Namibia. South Africa's strategy appears
to give its puppets in Namibia time to consolidate their hold on the territory
so that they can win any elections to be organized in the future even with
SWAPO's participation. But coming as it does on top of its current atrocities
against the African majority in South Africa itself, the current attacks on
Angola can only serve to heighten the image of South Africa as a ganster
nation that cares nothing for world opinion. And we can expect only hypo-
critical condemnations from the Western powers which regard South Africa as a
strategic ally and a source of huge profits from the exploitation of the black
man and the natural resources of the area.

To the people of Africa, the South African attacks should serve to strengthen
their conviction in the overall importance of uniting to confront South Africa
militarily. South Africa is doing all that it is doing, knowing well that it
is wrong but assured that it can get away with it because we the enemy are
weak, because we are disorganized. It is a truism that nobody respects a weak
man. This time as a sign of our feeling of [words indistinct] at these
events, let's spare the world all the usual resolutions of condemnation which
are not backed by positive action. Let us take refuge in silence, the silence
of pain, of wisdom, and determination that we will not take this insult lying
down.

CSO: 3400/1182

57



JPRS“SSA*854097
9 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

LACK OF FRG POLITICAL SUPPORT CAN ENDANGER DEBT RESCHEDULING
Hamburg DIE ZEIT in German 6 Sep 85 p 16

[Article by Bernhard Blohm: "New Work for Creditors. Without Political
Help, the Banks’ Negotiations Will Fail”]

[Text] In order to halt currency erosion and capital flight, the South
African government took measures which returned the country to the level of
1983, in terms of monetary policy. As at the time of the second oil price
shock at the end of the 1970's, foreign currency controls and a split
exchange rate are to aid in bringing state finances back to order.

Yet, more than by this step back to foreign currency controls, German banks
were surprised by the simultaneous announcement of a moratorium on debts
owed to Western banks by South Africa. Only a few months back, in late
1984, bankers active in international crisis deals could not have imagined
that South Africa could also become a problem country, a candidate for
rescheduling of debts. As one representative of a large German bank says,
“adjustments for value loss of loans to South Africa were not discussed at
meetings; we saw no reason for it." Like many others, he does not want his
name mentioned. Today, no one likes to appear publicly as a business
partner of the apartheid state.

Now the lending banks will have a reason. Even faster than Boris Becker in
tennis, South Africa climbed to the top of the list of debt rescheduling
countries. By the end of the year, over two-thirds of South Africa's
foreign debts of $ 18.9 billion—-i.e., $ 12.7 billion--must be rescheduled.
German banks, involved with 10 percent--$ 1.86 billion--, will no longer be
able to avoid adjustments for loss of value. The question is no longer
whether any debts have to be written off, but by how much.

But that is not the only question mark with which the banks view the
monetary policy measures of Pieter W. Botha's government. Although the
international banking community demonstrates great composure in its sparse
commentaries on South African events and shows "much understanding” in
public for the moratorium and foreign currency controls, it is not at all
clear how things are to go on. One large German bank states that "although
meanwhile we have gotten used to large chunks of rescheduling, organizing
aid for South Africa will probably not be easy.”

There could even be difficulties in the relatively harmless question of who
will lead the negotiations for Western banks. Although there are rules for

110


JPRS«SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

DEBT RENEGOTIATION CAUSES GERMAN BANK STOCKS TO FALL
Munich SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG in German 3 Sep 85 p 22

[Article by $Z: "Bank Stocks Under Pressure Because of South Africa. Weak
Beginning of the Month")

[Excerpt] The stock market was contradictory and weak at the beginning of
the month. First, the statements by South Africa had frightened traders,
since the unilateral halt in repayments of its international bank loans
was seen as a negative example to other debtor nations. Then, the
important market participants from the United States were missing because
of a holiday (Labor Day). With a low volume of trading, the majority of
prices fell at first. This concerned bank shares in particular because of
the possible effects of the South African repayment moratorium on debtor
morale in general. In the course of trading, the weakness also spread to
blue chips and steel stocks. The BASF subscription right (14:1 at DM 190)
was not favored; it was considered too expensive. During the second half
of trading, there was a slight recovery and greater interest in some
engineering stocks and public utilities, but they did not manage to bring
about changes. The stock market closed down with declining volume.

Regarding bank stocks, Deutsche Bank lost DM 8 at cash, but recovered
somewhat and closed down DM 5.50. Dresdner Bank stocks fared similarly, at
the end down DM 5.00 from the Friday closing price. Bayerische Vereins-

bank lost DM 7.50. Bayern Hypo, on the other hand, maintained its price
level, and Commerzbank shares weakened only slightly. Also weaker were
stocks of large chemical works, among them BASF which went lower during
the second hour of trading and closed with a loss of DM 4.50. Bayer
dropped by DM 3, Hoechster sic by DM 1.50. There was some demand for
automotive stocks; in lively trading, BMW sold somewhat above the last
price level, also Daimler, while Porsche even rose by DM 20. The trend
varied for engineering stocks; among them Linde rose sharply (+ DM 7).
Metallgesellschaft, PWA and Preussag were also stronger. Among power
companies, RWE preferred stock climbed by DM 5.50, common stock rose by DM
8 after determining the cash price compared to the closing quotation.
Otherwise, trading was rather haphazard, with changes in both directions.

9917
cso: 3420/92

112


SOUTH AFRICA

Citizenship Announcement Seen as Returning to. "Square One’
(Joe Burg; SOWETAN, 13 Sep 85) .csccsccccccccenccuecees

Finland To Limit South African Imports
(HELSINGIN SANOMAT, 28 Aug 85) -....ccccce usec ce neeeeeeee

Lack of FRG Political Support Can Endanger Debt Rescheduling
(Bernhard Blohm; DIE ZEIT, 6 Sep 85) .c.ssseee sbeeenses

Debt Renegotiation. Causes German, Bank Stocks. To: Fall
(SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG, 3 Sep 85) ...ccceccc cece ecdeecees

TOGO

Briefs
New Envoy Appointed

ZIMBABWE

New High-Profile Seen as Creating Dilemma for Mugabe
(Michael Hartnack; CAPE TIMES, 12 Sep 85) -sicccecccecsee

Nkomo's ZAPU, Ruling ZANU May Merge
(THE CITIZEN, 19 Sep 85) coccccccaseececcecceceeecceuees

106

108

110

112

113

114

116


JPRS*SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

NIGERIA

RADIO URGES REAPPRAISAL OF COUNTERTRADE POLICY
AB241108 Lagos Domestic Service in English 2100 GMT 23 Sep 85
[Banji Ojewale Viewpoint]

[Text] Countertrade is a modern variant of the age-old system of trade by
barter. It emerged as a new feature of Nigeria's economic relationship in
April this year, when the ousted Buhari administration initiated a series of
countertrade deals under which the country's crude could be exported in return
for scarce goods. One such agreement, for example, involves the exchange of
$500 million worth of Nigerian crude for imports of raw materials, spare
parts, and manufactured goods from Brazil.

It must be admitted that at first glance, barter presents some attractive
elements for a nation like Nigeria, which is suffering from a drastic reduc-
tion in its foreign exchange earnings. And because Nigeria is also burdened
with debts, and its attempts to refinance her trade arrears, countertrade has
the attraction of providing goods for the domestic market without the need to
mobilize scarce foreign exchange. However, there are good grounds to insist
that countertrade deals should either be handled with greater caution than
Nigeria is doing at the moment, or be scrapped.

First, Nigeria has been driven to the countertrade option out of economic
desperation. Secondly, barter with oil in modern times is a short-term
economic solution to emergency problems. It only addresses itself to the
liquidity requirements of the moment, with insufficient regard for its future
implications. This explains why Nigeria is at a painful disadvantage in her
barter with oil. The monocultural basis of Nigeria's economy is also a factor
in making the country a weak partner in the bargain. The price of the only
commodity which Nigeria has to bargain with is internationally fixed, and
outside the country's control. On the other hand, the prices of the goods
from Nigeria's countertrading partners are determined by the selling countries
themselves. This gives them an inbuilt incentive to inflate the prices of
their products while Nigeria has no goods which prices she can equally manipu-
late.

Some people have also expressed fears that a countertrade agreement is capable

of creating a new crop of millionaires or turning existing ones into multi-
millionaires. This is because of their ability to lobby successfully for

89



JPRS*SSA*85*097
9 October 1985

BURKINA

ALBANIAN YOUTH DELEGATION PAYS VISIT
Quagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 9 Aug 85 p 5

[Text] As a gesture of internationalist solidarity among revolutionary
peoples, a delegation representing the Albanian Working Youth Union (UJTA)
paid a visit to our country. The delegation of three, headed by Comrade
Hadjire Djan, secretary general of the UJTA, came to participate in the
national congress of the university CDR [Committees for the Defense of the
Revolution] scheduled for 17 August. Unfortunately, there was a
misunderstanding, and the Albanian comrades arrived earlier than expected.

However, their stay was not without profit. The Albanian comrades met with
the president of Burkina Faso on 25 July, and also paid a courtesy visit to
Comrade Blaise Compaore in Po. On the afternoon of 25 July, they met with
student militants belonging to the university CDR. This meeting enabled the
students to learn about Albania, not from the distorted image the imperialist
countries provide of it nor from the cliches promulgated by some illiterates
of the revolution, but in terms of the real Albania with its triumphs and its
difficulties and its will to pursue the daily struggle to consolidate its
revolution and share its experience with all the peoples of the world. Thus
the comrades learned that the People's Socialist Republic of Albania has the
same principle for its development--relying first of all on its own strength--
as we do. The Albanian comrades also stated that socialism was not proclaimed
in their country until 1964, that is to say after 20 years of revolution.
Economic self-sufficiency was not achieved until 1976. In other words,
therefore, revolution is not an overnight affair. The Albanian people have
made tremendous sacrifices to eliminate unemployment, crises, inflation, crime
and moral corruption, illiteracy and endemic diseases. In order to provide
schooling for all children, it was necessary at the beginning for each teacher
to take on more than 100 village young people and adults.

The Albanian comrades made a gift of the UJTA emblem and books by Enver Hoxa
and Ramiz Alia to the university committee, as a gesture showing their
proletarian internationalist solidarity. Other insignia were distributed to
all the participants in the UJTA meetings, and to Comrade Mamadou Traore of
the general national secretariat of the CDR, for the young Burkinabe pioneers.

Comrade Traore, who presided at the meeting, concluded with a reference to a
statement made by Comrade Sankara. "For us, Albania is a diamond.” A diamond
embedded, in terms of its geographic location, in imperialism and revisionism.
This is why, Comrade Traore explained, we will make of Burkina Faso a diamond,
in order to broaden the anti-imperialist front.

5157
CSO: 3419/528 34


JPRS#SSA*85+097
9 October 1985

SENEGAL

ISLAMIC ASSOCIATIONS URGED TO UPHOLD UNITY
Dakar LE REVEIL ISLAMIQUE in French Jul 85 pp 2-3
[Editorial by Marieme Cisse Thiam: "Why Islamic Associations in Senegal?"]

[Text] It is a legitimate question that any Senegalese Muslim has a right to
ask. Or rather, the existence of Islamic associations may be deemed obvious
for, Senegal being a lay country, it becomes necessary for Senegalese Muslims
to organize themselves for their own religious development.

In this context, let us note happily that Senegal, having chosen a democratic
socialism, makes religious activities available to all its native sons accord-
ing to their choices and ideals.

But difficulties arise when it becomes necessary to ponder the behavior and
actions of these same men who have felt the need to gather in associations.

As a matter of fact, although the credibility of an Islamic association is
measured by its ability to organize and its cultural activities (lectures,
conferences, etc), the fact remains that its ability is also measured by the
attitude of each of its members.

This is what. prompted Brother Ahmed Iyane Thiam to declare in the ethical report
which he presented to the recent extraordinary congress of the Muslim Cultural
Union (UCM) and I quote:

"A UCM member must maintain a truly Islamic exemplary behavior in all the places
he may be found. His. behavior must attract the sympathy of all those who come
in contact with him without distinction of brotherhood or even religion." This,
therefore, assumes a liberal mind and a need to communicate with all other men
in a spirit of tolerance, trust and fraternity.

These characteristics must necessarily exist in all and each Muslim who must
be imbued with virtue and therefore must avoid making ill comments to another
man; unfortunately, the opposite is often the case here and is done gratui-
tously. And yet, Islam considers slender a sin as proved by the following
hadith: "A good believer must only speak kindly otherwise let him remain
silent" (Buhari and Mouslim).

96


JPRS*SSA*85~097
9 October 1985

CHAD

INDUSTRIAL PROMOTION OFFICE DESCRIBED
Ndjamena INFO-TCHAD in French 7 Aug 85 pp 2-4

[Article: "The Chad Industrial Promotion Office: An Indispensable Tool
To Stimulate the Chadian Economy"]

[Text] To promote Chad's industrial development in its economic and social
context, and in particular to give an advantage to small and mid-size busi-
nesses (PME) by training Chadian professionals and company heads, improving
their knowledge and increasing their value: such are the goals of the Chadian
Industrial Promotion Office (BIPT). Little known of the public at large,
this department is still an indispensable tool of promotion of our country's
economy. Created through a presidential decree dated 3 April 1975, the
Chadian Industrial Promotion Bureau is headquartered in Ndjamena, more pre-
cisely in the premises of the Chadian Chamber of Commerce and Industry. It
consists of four divisions, viz. the studies division, the documentation,
information and training division, a third division in charge of supervision
and promotion, and finally the financing division of the BPIT.

The BPIT manager, Mr Djemil Malloua, whom we met, defined for us the goals of
his office and the projects it has completed, and he explained its current
prospects and orientations. Speaking of the BPIT's mission, Mr Malloua stated
that it was essentially to guarantee the bank loans obtained by promoters and
to advise the latter on how to manage their businesses. It also encourages
them materially in setting up national companies, in building and operating
research and demonstration workshops that can then be taken over by Chadian
promoters or sold to third parties under conditions determined by internal
BPIT regulations. In addition, it is the BPIT's mission to give foreign pro-
moters all the information they may need in preparing and completing their
industrial projects. This information often has to do with the conditions
of creation and operation of industries in Chad and with the facilities
offered for research and to obtain financing and approvals.

As far as public administrations are concerned, Mr Djemil Malloua indicated
that the BPIT provides them with all the advice they need concerning both
the general industrialization policy and the policy with respect to small
and mid-size businesses. Since its creation in 1975, and until 1979, the
office was run by two organizations of the United Nations, viz. the UNDP
[UN Development Program] and the UN Industrial Development organization
(UNIDO), whose experts set up a veritable documentation service and, with

37