JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SEYCHELLES

BRIEFS

ELECTRIFICATION PLAN--By the time the Seychelles Electric Corporation completes
its part of the National Development Plan, 1985-89, it will have brought elec-
tric power to 70 percent of the nation, including 80 percent of the homes of
Mahe, 70 percent of Praslin and 60 percent of La Digue. The laying of: under-
water cables will extend electrical service to the many small islands in the
area.. The cable connecting Baie Ste Anne Station on Praslin with La Digue,

5 June, cost 12 million rupees. The plan includes a 65.9 million rupee
project of which 21.3 million is earmarked for the installation of large
electrical generators and 39.6 million for a distribution system. Another 17
million was spent on the Mahe distribution system and 9.6 million to provide
electric power to nearby isles. [Excerpts] [Victoria NATION French Creole

16 May 85 p 3]

WATER TREATMENT PLAN--Under.the National Development Plan, by 1988, 95 percent
of the people will be receiving treated water. The cost of dams and water
distribution system in southern Mahe will be 151 million rupees. Along with
15 other water projects, including 13 water treatment stations to supply about
30,000 people by means of 8,000 connections, the total cost will be 289 mil-
lion. Another large dam will be built to form 1'Azare Bay and will serve
about 18,000 people. La Gogue is the largest dam in Seychelles. The west
Mahe coast, which has three large hotels and two National Youth Service camps
accommodating more than 2,000, has practically no water treatment facilities.
Projects for this area include channeling three rivers into a reservoir and
establishing a distribution system. Eastern Mahe water development plans
include the installation of pipes from Anse aux Pins to Answ Royale and pipe-
lines to connect southern Mahe and the surrounding areas. [Excerpts] [Victoria
NATION French Creole 3 May 85 p 3]

cso: 3400/278

54



Responsible for the recruiting and sending of young men to training in
guerrilla warfare, Aristides Pereira worked under the pseudonym of Alfredo
Banjura. His position in the mail office allowed him to detect ‘orders
frequently sent from Lisbon to the colonial administration, thus preventing
the arrest of some nationalists.

In May 1960, for security reasons, he fled to the Republic of Guinea
(Conakry) where in 1964 he was elected assistant secretary general of the

PAIGC.

In 1965 he was elected member of the War Council and in 1970 member of the
Permanent Committee of the Executive Struggle Committee, responsible for
security and surveillance, intelligence and foreign affairs.

On 20 January 1973, Aristides Pereira was accompanying Amilcar Cabral when
the latter was assassinated, but he managed to flee. ©

In July of that’ same year he was elected secretary general of the PAIGC,
and on 5 July 1975, with the proclamation. of the independence of Cape Verde,
he became the first president of @ republic among those of the five
Portuguese-speaking African countries.

Aristides Pereira is now completing his second term as president of Cape
Verde and it is beginning to be confirmed in Cape Verde political. circles
that he could even resign his*post this year, following the example given
in recent years by two other chiefs of African states: Leopold Senghor of
Senegal, and Ahmadou Ahidjo of Cameroon .

The Cape Verde president does. not. confirm his possible resignation but said
that if at any time he resigns from the Presidency of the Republic (for
reasons of health) he will in fact notify the people of Cape Verde first.

Aristides Pereira personifies the picture of calm, dignity and prestige
that Cape Verde enjoys in the world. It is the only. African country where
the death penalty for all crimes was abolished. It is one of the few
African countries without political prisoners.

8908
cso: 3442/283

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JPRS-SSA-~85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

CONSERVATIVE ATTITUDE ON WHITE IDENTITY ATTACKED
Pretoria DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 26 Apr 85 p 14
{Editorial: "Duty of a Government"]

[Text] There can be no responsible government supporter who does not share

the concern of the KP [Conservative Party] and the HNP [Reformed National Party]
about the continued existence and identity of the whites in this country. Even
if Mr Jaap Marais and Dr A.P. Treurnicht said at their "protest meeting" in
Pretoria that the national government is purposefully bringing about miscegena-
tion.

No government in the history of Africa has, with so much courage, sweat and
painful sacrifice, dared such a thorough reform for the sake of protecting the
identity of minority groups.

It would have been so much easier to have maintained the status quo and only
to have looked after their own (white) interests, to have turned a blind eye
on the fate and aspirations. of the many others and to have thrown justice as
a norm overboard.

And if in democratic elections even the slightest trace of a selfish motive
were to arise, it would fail in practice if such a motive were to begin to
apply to the administration of a country.

The government of the day must naturally call itself firmly to account and
account for’ the fate and wellbeing of the people whose lives it governs, be-
cause it makes decisions about everyone, its voters who put them in power and
the others who look up to it.

Dissatisfaction and unhappiness among its own people could cost them dearly at
the ballot box. Similarly, injustice toward the other legal inhabitants of
the country could seriously threaten them -~- threaten them with revolution.

When some of the voters are moved to turn against the government, even to
revolt because it does not grant them more privileges than other groups and
communities, then it is wrestling with serious growing pains. .

By measuring and testing its consistent approach with justice, a smart govern~
ment can enter a transitional era such as we are now experiencing with confi-
dence. After all, every population group itself has the responsibility to
help preserve its identity, as long as it acts in an orderly and civilized
manner. :

8463 63
CSO: 3401/116



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

STATUS OF EKANGALA VERSUS KWANDEBELE DISCUSSED
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 26 Apr 85 p 9
[Article: "Government Aware of Unrest"]

[Text] Allegations that the people of Ekangala were lured to the village
under false pretenses were denied by the Department of Cooperation, Development
and Education. The department is aware, however, of the dissatisfaction in the
village about the planned annexation to KwaNdebele.

A spokesman for the department in Pretoria, Mr Johan Oosthuizen, told BEELD
that the decision to annex Ekangala to KwaNdebele was made only recently by the

government.

An official announcement about the future of the village was made on 25 February
by the minister of cooperation, development and education, Dr Gerrit Viljoen.

Hence it is possible that at the time they moved in some of the inhabitants
were not aware of the plans to annex the village to KwaNdebele.

According to Mr Oosthuizen, the department is aware of the dissatisfaction in
the village. "The alleged attacks on people who are opposed to annexation,
are still allegations about which the department has no proof," he said.

When asked, Mr Simon Skosana, chief minister of KwaNdebele, stated that he had
no knowledge of those alleged attacks. He did not want to make any further

comments.

Mr Oosthuizen pointed out that the government has provided the necessary
guarantees for the preservation of the inhabitants’ rights under Article 10(i).
As far as the rights of children are concerned, the current situation in South
Africa is still applicable.

According to Dr Viljoen's February statement it is not possible, for practical
and political reasons, for the Ndebeles and the multi-ethnic parts of Ekangala
to develop and be administered under two different administrations.

The new village also serves to promote industrial development in the interest

of KwaNdebele. The government has affirmed the principle that Bronkhorstspruit/
Ekangala is a balanced deconcentration point for the PWV [Pretoria,

74



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

CAPE VERDE

PRESIDENT SPEAKS ON RELATIONS WITH PORTUGAL, DEVELOPMENT
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 19 Apr 85 p 20

[Interview with Cape Verde President Aristides ‘Pereira by Antonio Duarte of
O JORNAL on the Isle of Sao Vicente in Cape Verde; date and time not given]

[Text] A discreet’ optimism with respect to the develop-
ment of relations between Portugal and the Group of Five
was expressed to 0 JORNAL by Cape Verde President Aristides
Pereira. In an exclusive interview he granted us on the
Isle of Sao Vicente in Cape Verde, Aristides Pereira de-
clared that tensions between Portugal and the five "are
more or less a thing of the past" and he said that those
who are interested in.the deteriortion of our relations
"ean only be the enemies of Portugal or of any.of the

five Portuguese-speaking African countries."

The in-depth interview also focuses on the economic-
social development of Cape Verde in 10 years of inde-
pendence, as well as the dialogue being undertaken in
southern Africa sponsored by the Cape Verde authorities.

O JORNAL: Ten years after independence Cape Verde is the only one of the
five African countries with Portuguese as an official language which has +
registered significant economic and social development progress. What is
the secret of the Cape Verde success?

Aristides Pereira: I believe there is no special secret. We have estab-
lished the search for ways and means for the development of the country

on the knowledge, the most in-depth possible, of our situation in all its
ramifications, including our human situation. On the basis of that, and
also establishing the bases of our domestic policy in the sense of unity
and stability, we can say that we have achieved positive results. We think
that it’ is on that basis that we have been able to register the successes
we have obtained in the launching of the minimum bases for the construction
of a viable state.

10



JPRS-SSA-85-048

14 June 1985

VAN DER MERWE'S DOCUMENT ON BLACKS ANALYZED

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 9 May 85 p 7

{Article by Paul Bell]

{Text] ©

THERE is nothing remarkable, sa}
Nationalists, about the latest party
document on the constitutional

future of blacks — it’s all been said

before. And they are right.

The document, a booklet entitled “
++. and what about the Black Peo-
per by Dr Stoffel van der Merwe,

IP for Helderkruin, draws on state-
ments by the State President and
Cabinet Ministers and poses the
question that Nationalists say was

most frequently asked in the run-u
freq Dp.

to the rendum 18 months ago.

that this document — a consolidated
statement of Government thinking
rather than intent — seems to be the
opening shot of a battle to get the
party faithful to accept a new wave
of constitutional change designed to
include blacks.

One thing has become clear to the
National Party: the of build-
ing black participation from the bot-
tom up has failed.

The black municipal dispensation
introduced in the past two years has
been a demonstrable failure, rejec-
ted by most urban blacks who regard
a vote at local government level as
entirely insufficient. *

Their anger at being left out of the
last round of constitutional redesign
has been partly demonstrated in the

- increasing tide of violence which has

swept through townships throughout

the country during the past seven
months, .

And they have made their point,
The Government now realises that

What is remarkable, perhaps, is ;

69

the inclusion of blacks must be nego-
tiated from top and bottom simulta-
neously. .

The new beginning pledged by the
State Presiderft at Moria at Easter
could, in the final analysis, draw ona
blend of governmental structures,
all subsumed under the general con-
cept of “co-operative co-existence”.

y Nationalist MPs say several ideas

- of which way to go are being floated
in inner party circles, although no-
body is wedded too firmly to any
particular formula.

The notion of a “fourth chamber”
is dispatched by Dr Van der Merwe
as being the easy way out: blacks are
too different and too numerous.

A federal. or regional solution
could be on the cards, which might
give blacks a full vote in particular
areas, and a vote balanced against
those of the white, coloured and
Indian communities at the level of
central government, to protect mi-
nority rights and ensure that no one
group can dominate another.

“There are several bilities,”
says Dr van der re. “The
national states might obtain

SOUTH AFRICA

over some of the areas outside their ©

borders; local authorities might be

ven considerably wider powers;
local authorities might be linked to-
gether in authoritative structures
encompassing larger areas; new bo-
dies comparable to the white provin-
cial councils might be established; a
national assembly of black le
outside the national states might be
brought into being; some of these
bodies might be involved in decision-



JPRS-SSA-85-048

14 June 1985

GHANA

BRITAIN PRAISED FOR CANCELLING DEBT
AB190856 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 18. May 85
{Kumi Asakoe commentary]

{Text] Press reports that the British Government has written off a 60-million-
pounds-sterling debt owed her by Ghana is a most welcome and positive develop-
ment, This act is a clear, unambiguous demonstration of British goodwill and
concern toward Ghana's efforts at socioeconomic development, It is most ap-
propriate that Britain, of all countries, has taken the lead dn offering this
current practical gesture of support for ongoing efforts directed at a resolu~
tion of Ghana's fiscal and other economic problems,

When the story of Ghan's economic recovery is told one day, this singular act
of goodwill would get due emphasis.

While welcoming the news, it is hoped that the act would not be an isolated»
occurrence and that other nations whom Ghana owes would in similar fashion
write off subatantial portions of the debt. Such acts, creating prevalent
ties of common interest might go a long way to promote international trust,
cooperation, and friendliness. They should not be seen as mere acts of
charity. They are practical contributions toward the ongoing economic re- . ‘
covery program, which, if successful, would create the basis for a strong

and buoyant economy in Ghana. It is also hoped that such kind ard practical
gestures of goodwill would be extended to cover other issues like the unfavor-
able terms of trade that many Third World countries are confronted with.
Commodity prices and agreements could be given favorable review. Furthermore,
one hopes that even more > generous offers of aid and technical assistance would
be forthcoming. .

C80: 3400/244

27



JPRS-SSA-85~048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S FIRST SCIENCE PARK DESCRIBED
Marshalltown SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE in English Mar 85 p 146
[Article by R. D. Marcus]

[Text] South Africa’s first Science Park is taking shape at the

University of the Witwatersrand’s Sandton Complex.
Strategically located along the N1 and N3 freeways leading
to the North and South, and East and West, respectively, the
Science Park is already gaining substantial support from both
local and international industry.

A visitor to the site will note that the Wits’ concept of a
science park is slightly different from the traditional kind in
the United States and Great Britain. In. particular, Wits’
Science Park is not only catering for the high technology
developments so urgently required for South Africa, but is
also concentrating some of its efforts on what is called develop-
ment technology. The term ‘appropriate technology’ (whatever
that may mean) is taboo there.

The original occupants of the park, the Materials Handl-
ing Research Unit and the MechaTronics Research Facility,
have now combined their resources to form UWTec. UWTec
represents a major step forward in inter-university coopera-
tion and presents an interesting package for industry. The
accent on its operation is the involvement of all Departments
within the Faculty of Engineering in a cooperative venture t
provide a one-stop service for industry. :

The two partners in UWTec are the Departments of Elec-
trical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering and their
research divisions, the Materials Handling Research Unit and .
the MechaTronics Research Facility. Already other Depart-
ments, including Mining and Metallurgy, are‘in the advance
stages of moving some of their activities to the Science Park.

UWTec has been set up with the aim of meeting both the
requirements of the University as a teaching organisation as
well as the needs of industry in terms of assisting in areas of
development where highly skilled personnel are required. The
proponents of UWTec believe the University must have formal
links with industry. This is because they recognise that univer-
sities are unlikely ever to be able to provide faculties of
engineering with adequate funding for the purchase of high
technology equipment, and are concerned that graduates from
South African universities will soon otherwise have no
exposure to such equipment.

UWTec has been structured rather like an engineering com-

98



JPRS~SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

REVOLUTIONARY GUARDS CRITICIZE UNIONS AS UNDEMOCRATIC
Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 1 May 85 p 1
[Text]
T., Kwame Nkrumah Revolutionary
t Guards (KNRG) has.called on the

labour movement to. examine its proper
role in the society-es: far as the worker. .

management role ia concerned.

It said. the KNRG believed that parti-
cipatory democracy industry could not
function properly with hand-picked bu-
reaucratic {eadership for the labour
movement. :

This. was. contained in a_ solidarity
message issued by the KNRG in con-
nection with ‘May Day’ which. is cele-
brated throughout the world today. ,

% declared that it was Its view that worker’
must now play -the decisive role ‘in the. decision
making process in the Jabour movement s8 0p

cso: 3400/243

national decisions were taken by few
ones in the Meadershie of the movement. = -
The KNRGQ -therefore calied on the movement
to demonstrate true leadership and guide the
| workers to achieve its historic mission. -

it took the opportunity to congratulate the
four African states. of Burkina Faso, Benin, Lybia
and Ghana on their ci ion and their deot
sion to continue the anti-imperialist struggle.

It declared that the co-operation should be
the nucleus formation towards the realization
of the cherished goal ot a continental _ govern
ment for -Africa ae envisioned. by Osagyeto Dr
Kwame Nkrumah.

| posed to the present situation where
i
i

|

34

selected


JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June.1985

SOUTH AFRICA ~

DEVELOPMENTS IN NAMIBIA SEEN AS POSITIVE STEP
Opportunity for Southwest Africa

Pretoria DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 23 Apr 85 p 16

[Editorial:. "The Opportunity for the Southwesterners"]

[Text] It has been said more than once that Southwest Africa has too many
people who want to be political leaders and too many political parties for a
region with such a small population.

The population is estimated at about 1 million, more than half a million less
than the population of Johannesburg. And then splits within parties and popu-
lation groups are not uncommon in Southwest Africa, as anyone knows who has
followed events there over the last 10 years alone.

In the days when the Turnhalle conference was singlemindedly on the. way to
working out a meaningful independence and their own government, there was an
optimism in the region and a solidarity among the people that had never been
known before.

Alas, this attempt also failed and the people -- especially the whites -- were
so divided during the following years that it seemed as if they would never
get back together.

Still, during the past months it has been proven that there are those among the
people of Southwest Africa whose intentions about unity are honest and that
time is running short to achieve that unity in the face of a common enemy,
SWAPO.

In this spirit the Multi-party Conference [VPK] came about, with representa-
tives from several parties, which shortly before had been political enemies,.
seated around the same table.

This resulted in the constitutional proposals which a delegation from the
conference presented to the president last month.

Following Mr Botha's statement last week it would seem that generally speaking
South Africa supports the proposals.

59



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BETRAYAL

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ate alto some inter
demagogues who clim:
the TUC bandwagon

it
[

tite of ordi working men
and women should stop, Rt is
now, And it must be clear to

nH
HE
als

As 4 result, by December,
31, 1981, Ghana's. economy
had: been requceq to suian-

drought, “bushfires, - power
cuts, the ‘sudden return of
over one million of our peopie
from. Nigeria, and the eoone.
.TMmic and. political pressuree

of both ‘intemal and external

provide a firm
sustainable bese on whicti

38 million dollars up te Feb.

ruery this year, allocated.te.:

varlous projects such as Rail:
ways rehabilitation, —_sesist
+ ance for urgent Wanspori ana
agricultural needs, GHAIP

and the Refinery. We have -

ajso received from the IMF
nearly 500 million dollars as
balance of payments support.
All these foans’ have been
ploughed ‘into areas directly
related to production and
therefore the justificatiog . for
these loans must lie in higher
production which is = reapon-
sibility not only for manage
ment bit for, workers -as' well.

30

PRAISE a

vositive resylts on the econo:
mic. front- "Some industries
are reviving, inflation is. slow.
ing and the economic growtn
rate has stopped falling and
has stabilized, Even though
life _is_stil difficult and most

otros

i
[ny
poe

ggs
aur
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aes
13
gst



All that is sure at this-stage is that reform. is here to.be.implemented, The
question is whether the whole process will later be. rejected at the polls.
Perhaps this will be. determined’ by: the. rate. of reform. The government's view
is apparently not too- fast, but certainly not too slow.

Some aspects, such as the ultimate political future of blacks, remain very
uncertain.

The no is to one man, one vote.

The yes is to a plan which will ensure group rights while satisfying non-white
political aspirations.

Ultimately this final stage of reform will make what has happened until now
seem totally trivial.

Influx Control: Revision
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 13 May 85-p 10 : 6

{Editorial: "Influx"]

[Text] There is clearly new thinking being done with respect. to influx control,
which will hopefully result in finally setting aside the ideological wishful
thinking that has characterized the issue for so long. If this had been done
long ago, the problems surrounding the situation of urban blacks certainly

would have been more manageable.

When Minister Gerrit Viljoen announced last week that the existing legislation
on influx control is. to be fundamentally revised, he pointed out that the
policy pursued thus far has. had the negative effect of obstructing the normal
urbanization of blacks.

In actuality, influx control has never succeeded in controlling influx; whoever
doubts this should <just take a look around in white areas, But because it. was
official policy that.blacks should not be there, provisions for their urbani-
zation were not made to the degree necessary. Even long after it was obvious
that a miscalculation had. been made in the theory that the flow of blacks into
white areas could be reversed by.1978, the policy was sustained as if to close
our eyes to the blacks in our midst.

In part, the bitter fruit of this policy is now probably being reaped in that
we now have primarily a highly unstabile black proletariat in and around our
cities, while we could: have had a.well-established middle class that would have
had something to’ lose and.would help establish stability. .

Dr Viljoen expressed the opinion’ that black urbanization is both. inevitable and
necessary. If such urbanization'can also take place away from traditional white
areas, then it is all the better*from the standpoint of decentralization.. But
when it inevitably takes place primarily in white areas due to all sorts of
economic factors, it is high time that no stone be left unturned in establishing
orderly and stabile communities. ‘In that case, we are all at least actively
making a virtue of necessity in everyone's interest.

12271 62
csO: 3401/119



cso;

3400/250

pany for control purposes but on the financial side stringent
regulations apply to all academics making use of the facilities.
UWTec, by virtue of the fact that it is sponsored solely by
South African and international companies, cannot allow its
facilities to be abused by academics using it to line their
pockets,

UWTec has a staff of 64 actively pursuing a wide range of

esearch and development activities. On walking through the

laboratories the visitor can observe the development of a low
technology robust pump for agricultural purposes in rural
areas in contrast to the ultra-sophistication of experimental
computer systems to provide ‘vision’ for robots.

Physical Distribution; Hydraulic Conveying; Pneumatic Con-
veying; Computer Integrated Manufacturing and Robotics;
Computer Engineering; Inventories and Production Systems;
The Desmond Bolton Road Transport Research Facility; Bulk
Solids Handling and Belt Conveying; Development
Technology; Industrial Electronics and Instrumentation.

UWTec is seen to be the Faculty of Engineering's direct link
with industry. Fundamental research work is carried out on
a small scale at the main university campus; once the work
has progressed to the stage where trials on a full scale should
be carried out, the academics will move their activities to the
Science Park. UWTec has maintained the original stance of
the Materials Handling Research Unit and continues to prac-
tise its original experimental philosophy in attempting, where
possible, to carry out all research work on a full scale.

The visitor is impressed with the work being done in the
pipeline transportation of solids; in this respect the UWTec
facility is one of the largest research operations of its kind
anywhere, Scattered around the,laboratory is equipment from
“all over the world and it is worth noting that UWTec is cur-
rently carrying out research contracts on behalf of companies
in Germany, Japan and the United States.

The ability of UWTec to carry out work for multinational
companies has further broadened its horizons. The UWTec
personnel have thereby gained valuable experience by being
exposed to foreign working methods, The centre strives to keep
abreast of all modern technology. Its Personnel attend con-
ferences and present lectures at most major international
gatherings in their particular area of interest.

A number of organisations outside the university framework
are establishing themselves on the site. They see mutual
benefits by being associated with the specialist research and
development facilities for engineering concerns that UWTec
provides. The centre is also setting up a centralised workshop
to complement the existing common technical and computing
facilities, the financing of which is shared by all participating
bodies.

In these and other respects UWTec has worked out a
formula which achieves an excellent working relationship with
local and foreign industry, yet perhaps the most exciting.
feature of the Science Park to date is the large number of

+ postgraduate and undergraduate students to be seen making

use of its facilities.

99



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

MAIZE PRODUCER PRICES TO INCREASE SHARPLY
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 4 May 85 pp 1, 5
[article by Mavis Quaicoe]

[Text]

cso:

THE producer pri-
ce of a maxi bag of.
maize has gone up
from ¢1,000 to
1,800 with imme-
diate effect.

Dr P. A.-Kuran-"

chie, Managing Di-
rector of the Ghana
Food Distribution
Corporation
(GFbe), said the in-
crease is an incéntive
-to maize: farmers to-
increase their output
and also as a means
to sustain the level of
maize production in
the country.
Explaining further the
rationale behind the new
minimum guaranteed price

3400/2412

“tion would reduce the ten-

of maize at’a press confe-
rence in. Accra: yesterday.
Dr Kuranchie said the ac-

dency of maize farmers
shifting to the cultivation
of tobacco. .
According to him, the -
new price would cover pro-
duction costs and assure
farmers of about 25 per-
cent profit for re-
investment. .
Thé ‘managing director

‘stated that government.

appreciates the marketing
problems ‘maize farmers
encountered last year and
is making efforts to avert
the recurrence of a similar

40

situation.
He said this year’s maize
‘production level is target-

_-ed at 625,000 metric tonnes
.and hoped that farmers

would endeavour to meet
this target.

Dr Kuranchie assured
farmers that the GFDC
has. enough. funds
to purchase the maize at-
the new producer price.

The managing director
announced that his outfit

has devised ‘a system to,

eliminate middlemen from
the maize jiurchasing busi-

ness. .
Officials of the GFDC

are to liaise with the CDRs
and District Secretaries to
identify farmers and ens-
ure that maize is bought at
the official price, he said.
The Secretary for Agri
culture, Dr I,K. Adjei-
Maafo, disclosed that as a
result of the low producer
Price of maize, most farm-
ers have gone, into other
agricultural ventures.

He said a survey of the
Ashanti Region, for exam-
ple, showed that most
maize farmets have shifted
to tobacco ‘production
which: is apparently more
lucrative.

Dr Adjei-Maafo said at
the moment, only two per-
cent of maize seedlings
supplied by the Ghana
Seed Company have been
purchased by farmers; he
warned that if this trend is
not reversed, maize pro-
duction for this year will be
very low. .



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

CORN GROWERS UNHAPPY ABOUT GOVERNMENT PRICE POLICY
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 30 Apr 85 p 12
[Editorial: "Corn Chaff"]

[Text] South Africa's corn farmers are not exactly known as a group of people
who calmly look after their business. Since the days of the producers organi-
zation SAMPI [South African Maize Producing Institute] some of them have earned
an undeserved reputation of hotheadedness for the whole industry. Aside from
the group's continuing dispute with the government, for a long period of time
they were also a dividing factor within organized agriculture itself.

The latest debacle in the corn business looks too much as if it is following
the same pattern and as in the past actions are being taken which cannot be
good for either the country or the corn business. In protest against the
minister's decisions that the producer's price cannot be raised, some of them
are now refusing to deliver their harvest to the cooperatives. This in turn
means that the cooperatives, which help the farmers carry their debt burden,
will not be able to meet their commitments to the Farmers Bank quickly and that
their burden of interest will grow.

The corn farmers’ dispute about the price of corn has distant origins. In
1983, the price of corn was 167.7 rand per ton. Last year was one of the worst
agricultural seasons in South Africa's history and corn had to be imported. In
order to compensate the farmers, it was decided to bring the harvest price into
line with the import price, and the harvest was purchased at 215 rand per ton.
Since then corn has been imported much more cheaply from Red China, but the
farmers demand even more to compensate them for the setback they suffered be-
cause of the drought.

What puts the corn farmers’ claim in perspective is the fate of other farmers
who are dependent on their product. Those people are also hard pressed. The
support price for red meat has already dropped 7 percent, while dairy farmers
had to introduce strict production quotas to prevent their industry from falling
apart. The 51 percent price hike over a 2 year period demanded by the corn
farmers could also force those businesses to their knees -- while the consumer
has for a long time already been unable to assimilate the price increases.

8463 .
cso: 3401/114 . +

82



In turn, a spokesman for SWAPO said during an interview with the BBC that his
movement was “ready to. negotiate, sign a peace agreement immediately, and hold
democratic elections under international supervision." In view of the current
South African behavior, "there is no solution other than intensified armed
struggle."

Withdrawal From Angola

Early in the week, meanwhile, "Pik" Botha, South Africa's minister of foreign
affairs and information, had announced the immediate withdrawal of the South
African troops that had been stationed in southern Angola’since the invasion
in December 1983.

According to Botha's statements, South Africa's military presence on Angolan
soil had become unnecessary owing to. the alleged "defeat of SWAPO." Also ac-
cording to the minister of foreign affairs and information in Pretoria, that
movement had suffered sertous defeats since the start of this year and, as a
result, was incapable of conducting its usual big offensive during the rainy
season.

Other sources say, however, that the slowdown in SWAPO's military activity has
been due not.so much’ to the South African .military presence in Angola as to
the deep splits affecting Sam Njoma's organization,

In announcing the South African withdrawal, "Pik" Botha reminded the Luanda
government of "its responsibility to control the activity" of that Namibian
nationalist movement. ‘The head of the army, Gen Jannie Geldenhuys, spoke along
the same lines when he talked to reporters on the border between the former
Portuguese colony and Namibia on Thursday, the day when ‘the withdrawal from
Angola was ‘completed.. He said: "If the MPLA government lets the situation"
(meaning SWAPO activity) "deteriorate to the point that it becomes a threat to
Namibia, consideration’ may be given to a resumption of our operations across
the border."

Cubans’ ~

The South African minister of foreign affairs and information also said he
hoped that. the withdrawal of his troops would foster the conditions for a start
on withdrawing the Cuban troops stationed in Angola, namely in Cunene Province,
where South African military’ activity has been felt most strongly in recent
years,

In February’ 1984, South Africans and Angolans agreed in Lusaka.on a plan for
the withdrawal of South African and Cuban troops from Angola. According to
that plan, the forces that had invaded Cunene Province in southern Angola in °
December 1983 would withdraw within 3 months--from that date--under the super-
vision of a joint military commission and:a representative of the U.S. State
Department. In its first stage, the South: African withdrawal was to stop at
least 30 kilometers south of the frontier between Namibia and Angola, In ex-
change, Havana's forces would leave Cunene and begin the process of withdrawing
15,000 of the 25,000 Cubans stationed in Angola.



GABON

Briefs
France Accused
Sergeant Evades Capture
Mayotte Keeps Poll System

Briefs
New Oil Deposit

Future Democratic Order Discussed
(Kojo Yankah; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRPHIC, 10 May 85).......++-

Current Issue Exchange Initiated With Libya, Benin, Burkino Faso
(Tetteh Quaynor; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 29 Apr 85)......

Britain Praised for Cancelling Debt
(Kumi Asakoe; Accra Domestic Service, 18 8 May 85). ceeeeeee

Economic Recovery Program Gains Discussed
(K. Abaka Quansah; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 1 May 85).....

Tsikata Urges TUC Leadership To Assist in Economic Revival
(Kojo Tsikata; GHANAIAN TIMES, 2 May 85).....s.eeeeecceee

Annan Encourages Foreign Investment From Gulf States
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 1 May 85)...cececcccecceeesctees

Revolutionary Guards Criticize Unions as Undemocratic
(GHANAIAN TIMES, 1 May 85)...cccecccceccccccecccetesetees

Cooperation Between Unions, CDRS Urged
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 30 Apr 85)...ceeeceerecscctecees

Private Corporation To Replace Cotton Parastatal
(Faustina Ashirifie; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 10 May 85)..

Mrs. Rawlings Calls for Disclosure of Corruption
(Zenobia Ofori-Dankwa; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAHIC, 15 May 85).

Barter Trade With Senegal To Commence
(Faustina Ashirifie; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 1 May 85)...

Maize Producer Prices To Increase Sharply
(Mavis Quaicoe; PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 4 May 85)........

Customs Department To Undergo Shake-Up
(PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC, 3 May 85)..csessececveeecsceeees

22

22

23

24
26
27
28
29
33
34
35

36.

39
40

41



MRS. RAWLINGS CALLS FOR DISCLOSURE OF CORRUPTION

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 15 May 85 pp 1, 4

[Article by Zenobia Ofori-Dankwa]

MRS Nana Konadu Agyeman Rawlings, president of
[Text] the December 31 Women’s Movement, has thrown a
challenge to Ghanaians, inviting anyone who has
evidence of corruption against anybody in the
Revolutionary process to come forward, so that the
necessary sanctions can be taken against the per-

‘She emphasised that one principle which cannot be
compromised on is the question of people entrusted with
any degree of responsibility abusing and misusing such
positions for personal advantage.

‘Mrs Rawlings stressed that the only way the principles
of the December 31 Revolution.can be achieved is for the
Ghanaian to stand up for the truth’and be ready to be

damned for it.

Speaking at a press conference in connection with the
third anniversary of the movement in Accra yesterday,
Mrs Rawlings said the Revolution is craving for dedicated
Ghanaians with a strong sense of integrity, competence
and commitment and with the courage to confront one

another:

She questioned whether ariy processes are being fas-
hioned for evaluating all those in positions of responsibi-
lity vis-a-vis the principles of the Revolution.

‘oThere is no doubt that our battle will be a long and

strenuous one, especially,

as theycolonial and neo-colonial

mentality is something that has affected all of us in

different degrees”, she

She stated too that we
are still influenced to a
large extertt by these atti-
tudes since our society is
still organised and domi-
nated by colonial rela-
tionships in trade, educa-
tion and even in health.

Mrs. Rawlings said there
are many other areas and
examples in our day-to-
day life that also show
deep influences on our
minds too, resulting from
centuries of the colonial
experience which we have
to fight to rid ourselves of.

Touching on the system
of government administra-
tion, the Movement presi-
dent described it as so
cumbersome that it is

37

JPRS~SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA


He wants to appeal to the government to support the whole concept of payment
at beaches and control over the numbers. The future of the country lies in
the control of numbers and the implementation of "socio-economic discrimina-
tion," by which he means that a person has to pay for the conveniences he

enjoys.

Mr Mel Richter, chairman of the Citizens Organization of Kampsbaai and the
district said that the organization will meet in executive session on Wednesday
evening (following Tuesday's municipal council meeting) to discuss the council
decisions. He refused to make any comments before then.

Mr Harold Ross, chairman of the executive committee of Kensington and Labor
Party member of the House of Representatives, said yesterday that the four
executive committees within the area of Cape Town were not consulted on the
matter. "We were never considered. The municipal council is supposed to con-
sult with us about our own matters and matters of general interest."

Mr Peter Muller, president of the municipal council's Conveniences and Health
Committee, receives all the council's agenda and is welcome any time to make
representations about the beaches and swimming pools.

The agenda of the monthly municipal council meeting (which includes the recom-

mendations involved) will now be sent to the municipal council members and the
management committees.

8463
CSO: 3401/161

68



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MILITARY BUILDUP OF NEIGHBOR COUNTRIES CONTINUES
Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 30 Apr 85 p 13

[Article: "Military Buildup in Neighboring Countries -- Little Peace To Be
Seen in Southern Africa"] ‘

[Text] Friday's announcement by General Magnus Malan, minister of defense,
that a substantial buildup of military power is taking place in South Africa's
neighboring countries, and the Angolan accusation over the weekend that South
African troops are still causing "tension" on the border, are clear indications
that there is little question of peace so far in Southern Africa.

BEELD was told by military circles that there is talk of peace and of negotia-
tions for peace, but the buildup of Soviet weapons in South Africa's neighboring
countries came just after Nkomati and the Lusaka deliberations.

The Russians are definitely not interested in peace and therefore South Africa
must remain prepared.

The fact that the defense budget may have to be reviewed again this year, as
General Malan made known, is "very possible" and at this stage there can be no
question of reducing military service.

It was pointed out to BEELD that the minister of foreign affairs, Mr Pik Botha,
has already stated that action would continue to be taken against SWAPO forces
which operate from Southern Angola, even though South Africa has withdrawn its
troops from Angola.

The "substantial" buildup of Soviet weapons in the countries neighboring South
Africa, especially Angola, has been going on for the last 18 months to 2 years.
Their air power in particular has been strengthened a great deal recently and
they have the most advanced airplanes, radar and anti-aircraft systems at
their disposal.

As far as fighter planes are concerned, Angola is equipped with, among other
things, Russian SU-22, MiG-23 and MiG-21 planes.. The MiG-23's and the SU-22's
are among the most modern Russian fighter planes which the Russians themselves
are still using. The MiCG-21 is described as the AK-47 among fighter planes
and it compares well with the Mirage F-1 which is used by the South African
air force.

77



219972

JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

\

g980302 088

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

‘ 0 BNICAL ‘ATEI {
RATIONAL TECHNICAL DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT X
INFORMATION. SERVICE Approved for public release
INCMReercent | Piette United | /
130

Adb



sell-out to the unions, of being too conservative, of being
“pink,” of being guilty of “rhetorical drivel” and so on. We
have had the experience of companies feeling we have be-
come too political because we publish, monthly, a list of de-
tained trade union leaders and, similarly, a reluctance to par-
ticipate in the organisation or active withdrawal from it by
trade unions who feel that as a bipartisan body we are inhe-
rently conservative, or because we are seen as too manage-
ment oriented, or because another union camp is perceived

ity over the years, and receives regular acclaim;
~it has made submissions to relevant authorities on indus-
trial relations issues;

~ its staff are often included in a quiet background manner in
assisting organisations on IR problems.

AREVIEW OF 1984
Events and circumstances in 1984 have served to raise mat-

to wield influence in the Insititute. And, of course, there have ters of central concern to the Institute's continued existence,

inevitably been ongoing concerns about the Director and
Staff of the organisation, their belief systems, experience,
backgrounds etc.

All these concerns are legitimate. By virtue of the nature
and objectives of the Institute it will inevitably not be entirely
acceptable to everyone in all that it says, or does. What is of
concern, is the expectation that it should be.

The Institute was established by labour and management
to facilitate their communications, joint interests, understand-
ing and skills and abilities in problem-solving and conflict res-
olution:

Its basic objective is to promote effective collective bar-
gaining —Itis a bridging organisation

It was not set up by its staff, it was not set up to compete with
a plethora of industrial relations’ consultants for its daily
existence; it was not set up to pander to the views of either
labour or management or particular ideological camps within
these. .

The staff of the Institute expect to carry responsibility for
the management of the organisation, to give it direction in the
light of its bipartisan mandate, and by virtue of its unique con-
stitution and objectives to be involved in an ongoing process
of lobbying and negotiation on behalf of the organisation's
goals across a broad front of employer, worker, state and
media interests for its credibility. | wish to clarify that | have
strong personal commitments to the objectives of the Insti-
tute — criticism, conflict, treading the credibility minefield; and
organisational responsibilities in leading the organisation in
its attempts to achieve its objectives are parts of the job‘ will-
ingly accept. However, several major concerns have arisen —
not all of them have answers, all of them must be addressed.

HOW HAVE WE DONE SINCE 1976

On certain levels | believe the Institute can take a justifiable

pride in its achievements since its inception:

— Over 550 courses have been run, attended by nearly 9 000
delegates since.1978;

~ over 30 seminars on salient | R issues have been organ-
ised bringing together labour and management representa-
tives;

~ Over 300 students are registered for its diploma courses, in-
troduced in 1983;

~ it produces a monthly publication ~ the Information sheet —
on industrial relations which has steadily improved in qual-

lits objectives and its activities. | shall report on two levels:

What the Institute did in 1984, and the problems emerging
from the experience of the year under review.

FINANCE

A review of the Institute’s financial results since its inception
reveals that without.a degree.of external funding it would not
have completed a single year without a deficit. Before moving
to 1984's results, let me make the observation that these cir-
cumstances have been the consequence of the nature of the
organisation's structure and services rather than its manage-
ment. Further, the expectation that the institute be financially
self-sufficient off a base of no capital has seriously distorted
its mode of operation, and thus its objectives and credibility
as a bipartisan body.

1984's results reflect a deficit of R16 756, reducing accu-
mulated funds to R302. Needless to say this is not a result
which gives rise to any feeling of financial security. Positively
however it represents an improvement over the previous
year’s results, despite more difficult circumstances. Substan-
tial reductions were achieved in staff costs. Despite a smaller
manning situation an increase in training and seminar in-
come was achieved. The turnaround was reduced by:

—An increase in recruiting costs owing to labour turn-
over;(R972—R4 013)

~ increases in advertising and seminar costs to remain com-
petitive; (R15 378—R52 282)

~the cost of subsidising trade union attendance of courses
and seminars; (R7 240)

— the costs of running the diploma course; (R14 000)

~ late cancellations of training bookings; (R70 000)

~ sharp drop in the training and seminar market in the last
three months of 1984 resulting in a shortfall against budget
of R11 000.

MEMBERSHIP.

Corporate membership of the Institute remained relatively
stable during 1984:

~ employer membership rose by 12,3% (195-219);

— individual membership rose by 36% (181 -246);

~ trade union membership dropped by 32% (25-17);

Of concern is the decrease in union membership, although a
number of resignations occurred as a consequence of merg-
ers with other unions already members of the Institute. The
increase in individual membership | strongly suspect to be at
the cost of corporate membership.

103



SPRS-SSA-85-048

14 June 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

OAU's Onu on West's Moral Obligation Toward Africa
(AFP, 18 May 85) evcececcccsscccccccccccsveesseescsescees

ANGOLA

Impasse With South Africa Regarding Namibian Independence
(Benjamin Formigo, Alves Gomes; EXPRESSO, 20 Apr 85) eeeee

Portuguese Company May Cooperate in Diamong Prospecting
(O JORNAL, 14 Apr 85).ccsecvcccccecccessnwesees

Briefs
New Official in Kuito Kuanavale
FRG Donation to Cunene Refugees
Kwanza Norte Recruit Candidates Addressed
Fishing Industry Difficulties Described

CAPE VERDE

President Speaks on Relations With Portugal, Development
(Aristides Pereira Interview; 0 JORNAL, 19 Apr B5)...sceee

Aristides Pereira Described as Humanist
(Antonio Duarte; 0 JORNAL, 19 Apr 85)...eseeeeeeccececees

COMOROS

Opposition Forms New Alliances
(THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, 27 Apr [> eee

\© 00 0

10

19

21



TRAINING

The training market was badly affected by the recession, tax
concession constraints, competition from consultants and in-
creased levels of in-house training. Public courses were rela-
tively stable: 23 courses attended by 271 delegates being run
in 1984 over 21 courses and 239 attendances in 1983. How-
ever, in-house courses dropped by 50% from 91 in 1983 to
46 in 1982, and participants from 1 196 to 615.

Of significance during the year was that the Institute still

year with a deficit. This is dependent however on whether
subsidisation will be obtained for the diploma course and
trade union training and to the response to the special levy
requested of members.

PROBLEMS

1984 has highlighted several problems as regards the Insti-
jtute’s functioning:

The expectation that it be self-sufficient has led to an over-

managed to generate R233 045 from activities in this field, dependence on training and seminars for its income. The or-
assisted to a significant extent by a large labour law seminar ganisation's vulnerability to changes in this market have
in May. Positively, new courses have been devised, existing ' heen somewhat cruelly exposed. A lack of capital reserves,
‘ones revised and the use of external experts initiated to im-. coupled with the fact that a significant part of its target popu-
prove quality of services. Special thanks are due to Halton j jation have a limited capacity to pay market rates has exacer-
Cheadle, Clive Thompson and Roy Dinsdale in this regard. | bated the problem. Financial strains have had the conse-
Valuable contributions were also made by Messrs. Brand, | quence of distancing the Institute from its original objectives.
Cheadle, Brassey, Piron, van den Berg, Schuster, East, Ri-| We are not currently a proactive agent in the field in terms of
ley, Lemmer, Nel, Douwes-Dekker and Botha through their | addressing on a joint labour-management basis issues of
willingness to present papers at our seminars. common concern, we have not responded to NMC docu-

ments or commented on new legislation. We have increas-
INFORMATION ingly served management because they could pay (and be-
Information continued as the core service of the Institute] cause of demand) and we have had limited research and
through publication of the Information Sheet, use of the li-i development opportunites. We find ourselves having to com-
brary and direct and telephonic queries. During the year 4; pete with the consultants to keep afloat, but covering insti-

new booklet on Job Evaluation by. Dan. Mbatha was. pu
lished, and we are in the final stages of production of a large
book comprising papers on bargaining, dismissals and pro-
ductivity.

STAFFING

During 1984 and into 1985 the Institute lost the services and
had to replace its entire professional staff (except for myself)
for reasons ranging from establishment of consultancies, to
further study, and more attractive job packages, and a num-
ber of core administrative personnel for reasons of preg-
ni uence of this turnover has been costly

ravating difficult circumstances.

So much for a review of 1984 as a year of strain in the
Institute. Of greater relevance is an examination of the
problems of the Institute, and what it must do if it is to
remain in existence.

PROBLEMS AND PLANS

Despite the severity of the problems experienced in every as-
pect of its functioning during 1984, the Institute is still here,
and:

—ithas new but committed staff;
— ithas revitalised its services;
— it managed to reduce its deficit over the previous year.

Further there are encouraging signs of interest in the institute
from some previously distanced quarters. We have more
trade union work booked for 1985 than in previous years, and
elements of the union movement that for a long period have
distanced themselves have appeared on both trade union
and public courses for the first time. After a dismal start to the
year, in-house training bookings are running at budget level
and there is room for a little optimism that we will not end the

tute-type overheads which no self-respecting consultant

= would carry. In brief expectations of self-sufficiency have ele-

- ments which are inherently in conflict. | believe we have be-
come distanced from the original objectives of the organisa-
tion and now find ourselves having to compete for survival on
a handicap basis. Within the organisation there is a feeling
akin to blowing up a balloon with a hole in it - exhaustion
without achievement. We have been so concerned with
keeping the organisation financially afloat that we have had
little time to address in what direction itis moving.

This loss of direction is confirmed with a change of empha-
sis on the basis on which our activities are assessed. In-
creasingly we are measured on a direct cost-benéfit basis by
organisations. As a consequence, people prefer invidividual
to corporate membership; we have to compete for business
with consultants which, at some point, we will lose owing to
our bipartisan concerns; we cannot address core issues ow-
ing to ongoing immediate needs for revenue, The Institute is
neither owned, nor was it established, by its staff. It was
‘@stablished by labour and management representatives
in industry to promote and develop sound industrial re-
lations practices in South Africa.’! suspect we are being
measured against other objectives.

The central questions are: Do labour and management
want an Institute? If so what do-you want it to do? What are
reasonable measures for its functioning? How should its ac-
tivities be financed? At present, the majority of finance comes
from the activities of its staff. The expectation that the staff

‘fund, live out and give direction to the commitments of those

who established the organisation to the extent they currently
do is, | believe, untenable. It clearly is not going to work out
on this basis — the situation has all the ingredients for sec-
ond-rate performance and disillusionment on the part of all
concerned.

104



and MX. missiles on their
soils.

Ina country like Jordan,
which is supported by the

’ West for its democracy,
Parliament never met. for
10 years..Only last- year,
the King ORDERED par-
liament to meet.

Ini certain: parts of Afri-
ca, the stugie ‘over'WHO
SHOULD RULE-WHO
has brought violence, in=
stability, poverty and

abuse of freedom-for the
society. The people have
been poorer -in:the end.
(consider Chad and. Zim-
babwe). =

Oonstitutions have not
prow ‘answers eith-
er. How: many hours, how
much money have not’
been spent drawing up.
constitutions. for. Ghana?
In all cases, those who.
supervise the promulga--
tion. of the constitutios

that they are gua-
ranteed IMMUNITIES —
probably for the crimes
that they have committed.

Constitutions are no-
thing but instruments
which governments use to

- exercise dictatorship and

usurp the power of the
reco. If sovereignty resi-'
in

. the people, and if

+ sovereignty. cannot be de-
legated, why should this
sovereignty be. usurgéd by

one: person, a party .or a
liament? .

Constitutions. offer
abstract rights which
vide a smi
-crimes committed by the
few in the society.
As one political thinker
i “it is inva-
lid and undemocratic of a
committee or a parliament
to be entitled to draft. the
law for the society: .. Any.

CSO: 3400/246

ipervision
.-Tied out by the whole 80+"

keacreen forthe.

tention by any indivi-
ual party or group that:
is responsible for law is
dictatorship. Democracy
ity of

means the responsibili
the whole society and
supervision should Be car-

". Policeman

Of course, it should:not

“take @ policeman several.

metres: away to come

‘and challenge:a: trader

above control price’

: fixed the people: .

said: “Ideologies:
cepts have. lost: a. lot of
their attractions and capi-
talism and communism:
have no: meaning. any
more. People are looking.

for anew on, & new
losophy:devot ma-
* Ferial and o itual life first
and not todeath.” - «.

_-The famous. Franz Fa-
non brought it: nearer
home: “If we want to bring

+ humanity to-a level-w!

is different from that of.
Europe, we must invent,

” we must discover;

“If we want: to: nd

to the expectations of our-

people, we: must ‘look. be-
“yond Europe... For Euro-
pe for ourselves and for’

jumanity ... We must turn

over a new leaf and: at- °

tempt to.create a new

Ghanaians have got toa
stage where ‘we’ should be
‘able to ask ‘ourselves indi-
vidually ‘and seriously
whether we are FREE.
idm: to choose some-

body to talk for us in par-

25

lament is‘a negation of the»

right to be-free. :
ren shall we ever be
free to cony te in our.
communities to decide.
whether or-not Ghana
should go to"the Olympic
Games? ca
- Should it not-be possible
to gather in our communi-
ties or areas to determine
what should’ be imported
“and what not to? Can't we:
have a framework in which
all the views of-the various

~ communities can be called

_and the majority opinion
carried?) 0. +
We may always be. re-
_minded by Jean-Jacques
Rousseau when he said:
“Man was born free and
everywhere he is in chains
j “Legislative power be-
longs to can
belong ON) iY TO hon

“People’s Deputies or

parliamentarians are not:

and cannot be their re-
presentatives; they are

only commissioners, they
thing.

cannot conclude an;
definitely.

Why then have our re-
presentatives usurped the
power and become lords
over the people?

“Democracy means the’
people’s power and not the
power of the substitute ...”

If Ghana’s revolution
should be permanent, if it
should transform the poli-
tical, social and economic
structures of the society,
then we have to think
hard. We may even have to
go back to revolutionise
our systems of decision-
making before the white.
man came.

In 1972, @ group of So-
viet Scientists undertook a

research.into the class:
structures. in developing
countries. ‘They conclud-
ved: .

“Specific conditions-and
features characterize the
development of the revo-
lutionary operations in
each country. Countries
differ, in their social and
class structure their social
and political forces, the
weight, the activity and
the influence of their diffe~
rent classes and categories
‘as well as in the degree of
their political organiza-
tion. The realistic picture
of a country may therefore
be DIFFERENT ...”

Our past political hi-
story, our cultural values,
our religion and our social.
and class structures should °

. be a necessary guide to our

search for genuine demo-
cracy — democracy in the
real ‘sense and not in rhe-
toric.

Democracy ‘that would:
ensure that farmers, work-
ers, professionals, chri-
stians, moslems, atheists as
well as. all individuals
would be provided the op-
portunity not only to par-
ticipate in the PRACTICE
(not the theory) of
decision-making but more
‘essentially to EXERCISE

wer, :

Already, some villages
and district councils have
taken up the mantle.

Let the grassroots begin
the process and we shall be
on our way to people’s real
participation in decision-
making — a step further
towards genuine demo-
cracy. .



BLACK MINERS TO FIGHT JOB RESERVATION

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 8 May 85 p 8

[Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text]

MILITANT biack miné-"
workers are to resist low

wages, job reservation -

and other forms of ex-
ploitation in the mine in-
dustry this year.

They will also resist *

assaults, abuse and be-
come more militant in
demanding equal rights,
opportunities and trade
union rights.

This message was
spelt out by the general

secretary of the National *

Union of Mineworkers
(NUM), Mr Cyril Ra-
maphosa, when address-i
ing a mainly white audi-
ence at the South Afri-
can Institute of Race
Relations on Monday
night.

He warned mine man-
agements that black
mineworkers were no
longer prepared to be-
come submissive and
will use weapons, other
than strikes, to fight for
their rights in the indus-
try, which is a pillar of
South Africa’s econ-

omy. .
Strikes

Mr Ramaphosa’s

hardline policy comes in

the wake of mass dis-

84

miissals of miners by one
of the country’s giant
miners, the Anglo
American andthe
Anglo-Vaal following
strikes at goldmines.
‘The workers — about
26 000 in number —
were dismisséd appa-
rently over their concern
for safety. They be-
lieved that they were in
danger, because of inad-
equate supervision of
blasting operations.
Several mine strikes
have occured this year
so far, concerning
wages, safety, unfair dis-
missals and funeral ar-
tangements,-These were
mainly in the Transvaal
and Orange Free State.
In his hard-hitting ad-
dress, Mr Ramaphosa
did not pull his punches
when be announced that
black miners were angry
and will fight to the bit-
ter end for their rights.

In the past, black’

miners were often re- -

ferred to as “kaffirs”,
“pickanin” and often as-
saulted by white miners, .
They have since
changed their attitudes
and retaliate when
abused. 4

“This is so, because |

JPRS-SSA-85~-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

ARMED FORCES ACQUIRE NEW WEAPONS
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 9 May 85 p 14

[Text] Three modern grenade~throwers, one of which can semiautomatically fire
six grenades in less than six seconds, were recently designed for the South Af-

rican Army by Krygkor.

These weapons are also intended to expand the line of weaponry that South Afri-
ca produces for the export market. —

In the most recent issue of the authoritative publication on international wea-
ponry, INTERNATIONAL DEFENSE REVIEW, these weapons are presented in an article
accompanied by colored pictures. The article is illustrated with five photos
of the weapons, ‘and includes technical data. This is a strong indication that
the article is aimed at attracting foreign buyers.

Tests Successful

According to the article, the six-round grenade-thrower is now being issued to
South African Army units. The grenade-thrower is designed to harry the enemy
from farther away than the maximum distance for hand grenades and from closer
than the minimum distance for light mortars.

Two of the grenade-throwers, a single-round 40mm and the semiautomatic 40mm
model, are equipped with a locally manufactured sight.

Some of the models can fire a wide range of ammunition, among other things
antipersonnel, antitank, smoke, signal and illumination grenades.

The semiautomatic model is designed for conventional as well as anti-guerrilla
warfare. That weapon weighs only 5.3 kg; 6.8 when loaded. The semiautomatic
firing mechanism works on the same principle as the cylinder of a revolver, ex-
cept that in the case of a grenade-thrower, the cylinder turns automatically.

The marksman need thus pull the trigger only six times in order to fire off six
grenades. This weapon has already been successful in technical testing and in
tests for operational use.

The South African Army, in numerous operations over the past 10 years, has been
able to confirm the real value of the grenade-thrower, especially where the

79



JPRS-SSA-85~048
14 June 1985

ANGOLA

PORTUGUESE COMPANY MAY COOPERATE IN DIAMOND PROSPECTING
Lisbon O JORNAL in Portuguese 14 Apr 85 p 48

[Text] A Portuguese company could come to cooperate closely with Angolan
authorities in diamond exploitation, one of the major resources of the
country, it was learned by 0 JORNAL from a good source.

Administrators of the Portuguese Ventures Company (SPE) should .go

shortly to Luanda for this purpose and presumably to the province of Luanda,
where the very rich deposits exploited by the Angola Diamond Company
(DIAMANG) are located.

It is not known what exact form of possible help would. be accepted by

Angolan authorities in that matter, but it is believed that the SPE will be
in a position to offer technical support, as well as services in mastering i.
the sale of diamonds.

O JORNAL did'not manage to obtain from the PSE administration any confir-
mation or denial of the report, which, however, can be interpreted as the
result of an understandable desire by the officials of the company that
negotiations underway not be prejudiced by "leaks of information" to which
Luanda could be particularly sensitive.

DIAMANG was nationalized by the Luanda Government on 30 August 1977. At that
time the Angolan State took over control of the company by nationalizing the
852,755 shares (60.85 percent of the public shares) which did not yet belong
to it and which were distributed among a large number. of shareholders.

More recently, specifically last year, Angolan diamonds were in the news
again with the breakup of an international network of traffickers, which had
the alleged involvement of. Portuguese citizens.

8908
CSO: 3442/283



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

MADAGASCAR

BRIEFS

FRENCH OIL GROUP--The Compagnie Europeenne des Petroles headed by Michel Dou-
meng, son of France's so-called "red billionaire", Jean-Baptiste Doumeng,
encountered a few problems with the Malagasy government last year which now
seem likely to be settled. The problems arose from the prices charged by

the CEP, usually higher than the normal rate by at least 50 cents: a barrel
(see 1.0.N. No 142), which meant the company failed to renew its contract

for supplying Madagascar with refined petroleum products. Those supplies
amounted to 68 million French francs in 1983, but in 1984 CEP. sales only
totalled two million francs and were largely responsible for the France's

22 million france deficit in trade with Madagascar. The loss of the contract
resulted from a decision by Madagascar's central bank, under pressure from
the International Monetary Fund, to impose a ceiling price on the country's
oil distribution company, the SOLIMA, which was well below the price charged
by the CEP. The contract with the Doumeng company now seems to have been
renegotiated on a different basis. [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in
English 27 Apr 85 p 6]

EEC AID INCREASED--The European Economic Community is to increase its aid to
Madagascar over the next five years by 22 million ECUs {around 15 million
dollars). This extra assistance under the sixth European Development Fund
programme brings the total to 10 million ECUs, compared with 78 million for
the 1981-85 period. In principle, almost two-thirds of the allocation will

go on rural development (38 per cent as against 34.7 per cent previously)

and renewal of the infrastructure, essentially the road network (27 per cent
compared with 25.2 per cent). This is in line with the strategy of Madagascar's
1984-87 public investment programme which was:Submitted last December to the
consultative group meeting arranged by the World Bank. The EEC aid will give
priority to the production of rice,.maize and vegetable oil, as well as water
resources and agricultural mechanisation. Assistance for trade and industry
(up from 11.6 per cent of the total to 12 per cent) will benefit the private
sector and will also enable Antisiranana become a centre for regional develop-
ment. [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr .85 p 6]

PARLIAMENT REELECTIONS--The people's national assembly this morning reelected
Lucien Andrianarahinjaka as its president. Albert Zakarias, Ranaivo
Andriamanohisoa, Charles Randriananja, Michel Kapoma and Amido remain as
vice presidents of the same assembly while Arthur Mata and Zefinandro
Razanamparany were reelected as financial officials. [Antananarivo Domestic
Service in French 1030 GMT 17 May 85 MB]

cso: 3400/275 49



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BLACKS CLAIM MINING BLASTING LAW BROKEN
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5 May 85 p 1

{Article by Amrit Manga]

[Text] CONCERN for safety
have been the
trike ‘at Vaal’ Reel
strike at Vai 9 Without ou islon ‘fro . ssessing
mine which led to cr ig mers ier Hite eng the
miners ent says work re- A labour la “The
18.000 black be ied utr re done in iamboals were intene ana
The National Union of itl and sand ite was a reminder that strikes
se etleced age tlack mine Mines ‘would not be tolerated,
danger because of inad- Although the dust seems to wate geetiatlons on job reser. :
equal be ha of Blast- pave settled mining houses cannot afford
miners gy that the ° Vaal, Reets and continued labour unrest.”
Mines and Works Act, which - fartebeestfontela mn {, The NUM Isindispute over
*Nohedaled persons ano damage fo ital par, Goan imcene pam
“sche "
rst be white, is being wide- mill have far- American miners, The
Wy breached by mines Labour conaiait André Pitan work
mers are charting w ad and BU) Saye Tie Is Only these union Is also in a dle
“barr wards Weroe oan be aepaed es pte with Gold Fields over &
om of he os dang next lx months when talks to °  f0lldhy pay agreement, af-
ous operations ng. scrap job Teservation begin, The has 000 miners. na
Anglo denial veal Rests ant Hartebeest- Coneliadon Boat to heat
Cyril Rémaphosa, fontetn served only to raise fhe dispute. The Sumining
jouses can ‘oppose thi
tnt or athe oral i The union says Anglo | NUM’s MUMS request falls, fails, a legal
| eects a American will take workers
| The Government Minin;
‘Engineer ‘was not available
‘for ea cin Corpora
ition te aati eis its. mines ike
Bat ohe source tay heed
nae may not know what
ome National Union of
Mineworkers, yatch fa
sehts about 8000 of ce-
ridden Vaal Reefs’ south divi--
sion workers, claims blacks
were tequired to charge up.
cso: 3400/250

91



> the South African version of Jesse
. Jackson’s rainbow coalition — draw- |
ing in moderates of all races. {
It seems clear that the Govern, |

iment cannot satisty those Browps of
radical” to its left and.

nattand antentton of trying.
So, while the nation holds its

breath for a new round of constitu-
eeetat (ve notion that the
The deal that the Government is ves lon
trying to sell — as much to {ts own Government will address the de-
‘as to blacks — is that no mands groups like the United
sida wil get quite what it wants Hee eR ee ee
‘The Government has four years in tary system of government. .
Which to ete the next round of
eo es broad a degree of Instead, as Government negotl- ,
redesl et ‘as it can Tuster. ates with moderate on a
’. ‘They are convinced that will losophy
face no further splits in ny Tanks : Maoreperative sponiptence “the
over the inclusion of blacks: those : could face intensified vic
who would have quit on the issue of + Jence in black townships countered
bleek participation did so when the © by tougher police/military action,
vid Indians : “South Africa may well be
So ee
oe eee pismo sia
ier
Se egiangonto formulate. wing vee It could be along
irs.

cso: 3400/250

70



IGNORANCE

And it is empty parderin,
to tie ignorance ol the un
derprivileged for people who
elaim the leadership of or
ganized labour to sav, “Give
ua more pay, more benefits,
better conditions, and then
we will call for more effort.”
A farmer does not ask to est
hia yam before he has dug
the mound and a fisherman
does not expect to eat fish
before he launches his canoe
The cake cannot be shareo
until it has been baked.

Certainty the ‘government
is aware of the needs of
workers. Within existing con
straints, as many conces:
sions as possible have been
made. What is necessary ta
enable ths government to
ensure better conditions for
workets is to remove the con.
straints, And- the constraints
are low productivity, was-
te, inefficiency and every
thing which holds back the
Economic Recovery Program:
me, it is in your hands. You
and your leaders ‘have the
means. to remove those con-
straints, if only you have the
will and determination: We on
our part will honour our res
ponsibilities’ and ~ ensure
that workers are not stretched
beyond limits. In this respect
the: Government shares the
concern of working people
‘gn the question of the taxa:
tion of. ‘overtime’ allowances
and has therefore directed
the Secretaries for Finance
and Labour to take immediate
action to place the proposals
of the TUC before the Tri
partite Committee so that a
report can be submitted to
the PNOC for speedy resolt

1 also anderstand tat
some of the Collective, Bar
gaining Agreements are
pending before the Prices and
incomes Board have now been
approved and released and
that the Prices and incomes
Board has been instructed to
expedite action on the rest.

In’ our effort “to remove
the constraints on the eco:

every organization
ture which can help should
work together, -_ co-ordinated
and in harmony, th purasence
of this’ aim. ‘If any time and
energy-is wasted inv vaneee
sary competition of livisive-
tiess; then we shail all De
the losers. .

CO-OPERATION

In this respect, the unions
and the CDRs in workplaces
must work together and con.
plement each other's. efforts.

In the same way, the Jorn
Consultative Committees
must translate workers’ par
ticipation into practical terms.
The JCC is not meant to be
a forum for a contest between
workers and management to
show who wields most fn

There have

been same
calls from the TUC leadershic
‘ithe:

for greater

makina of policy, and for
representation en decision
making bedies. .

Al organizations availatite
to workers’ pariicipation —
the Unions, the CDRs, the
various masa movements. —
are avenues fot representa:
tion and participation. But on
the. national front, it must be
recognized that the search
for a genuine and practical
form of popular representa:
tion and participation cannot
be treated as an overnight
affair. It is in this respect
that we propose the CDRs as
one of the organs of populer
power because we — believe

that it is only through a poll .

cy of decentralization of the
‘decision-making process. thet
we can achieve real arase-
roots democracy and block:
the way to the rule of a ort
vileged elite and remove the
heavy burden _ of centraliza.
tion of the decision-making
Process as well as the ad-
ministration of the state.

REFORMS

The National” Commission
for Democracy was not insti-
tuted in order to preside
over a return to old systems
which have failed. us, it
would be easy to make a few
cosmetic reforms to old
systems, but it would not cure
their essential defects, which
have clearly shown in the past
that they cannot,-in any real
sense, provide a means of
participation by the people.

It has been said often
enough that various patterns
of western demecracy simply

31

do not work in our own social
historical and economic con-
text. This, of course, implies
that they do work in the
countries and contexts where

ot
political. parties write = an
“how. to restore
power to the people,”
and say “the catalogue of
Jecent government abuses of
power seems tess. These
are got isolated’ blunders, On
‘the contrary, they are evide-
nce of fundamental = and
serious flaws in our constitu:
tion... which is quite simply
outdated, a relic of the nine
wenth century and unsuited
to our modem society.” He

Ever that last statement  tm-
plies a class of people who
should be ruled by others. And

your ideas, but because you
approved. of mine”. And, of
course, once he wes elected
he was free to pursue his
+ fdees,: even 'H they should
change or be altered by
pressures of factors ‘unknown.



World Bank project of the corporation. Mr S. S, Nayak, General Manager of
the Corporation, disclosed this in an interview with newsmen at Tarkwa on
Tuesday. He said 36 out of the corporation's coaches have been rehabili-
tated wile eight of them will also be put in good condition this year with
the remaining 26 being made ready by next year. According to Mr Nayak, the
corporation will need a total of 200 coaches. He said 160 wagons for trans-
porting bauxite, manganese, cocoa and timber have so far been rehabilitated
while 340 others will be in good condition by December next year. Mr Nayak
said as a means of developing human recourses within the GRC, a training
school would be opened by next year at Location in Sekondi to train all
categories of workers. A new computer system, he further disclosed, will
be installed for the accounting personnel, management, costing and project
control with the restructuring of salary scales and promotional policies, as
well as production incentives, Mr Nayak said. According to him, the GRC
will need four million dollars annually to maintain the Western line after
the completion of the rehabilitation programme. [Text] [Article by Kwame
Penni] [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 2 May 85 p 1] ;

SOVIET BOOKS FOR ARMY--The Soviet Embassy in Ghana has preeented books and
journals to the Ghana Armed Forces at the Burma Hall in Accra. Receiving the
books on behalf of the Force Commander, the Director General of Personnel
Administratéon, Col. R. B. Commey said the books had come at a time when the
government was making every effort to provide books to schools and libraries,
Col Commey said the gift could not be underestimated since the progress of
society depended on an educated people, He said without books, ideas could ~
not be carried from one part of the world to another, Considering the amount
of foreign exchange involved in the importation of books, Col Commey expressed
his appreciation for the efforts of the Soviet Embassy in the provision of
books worth £45,000 to the Education Directorate for distribution to libraries
early this year, The present Exhibition of Books at the Burma Camp, he said,
shows the seriousness the Soviet Union attaches to education in general, The
books at the exhibition include those on Karl Marx, Frederick Engel, Lenin as
well as a good number of novels, journals and science books. [Text]

lapedcle by Abdul Aziz]. [Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 17 May 85

P

Cs0; 3400/246

43



AWB OFFERS POLICE HELP -- Pretoria -- The Afrikaner Resistance Movement: [AWB]
of Mr Eugene Terr'Blanche yesterday handed a motion of thanks here to the po-
lice for their maintenance of "law and order," as a giant banner they carried
together proclaimed. Following the AWB meeting in the town hall, during which
AWB leaders put strong emphasis primarily on the "restoration of the Afrikaner
republic," roughly 2,000 people marched to the Sunnyside police station three
blocks away.. The motion, which was addressed to the police commissioner,
stated that the AWB is always at the disposal of the police for the maintenance
of order and the protection of people and fatherland. [Text] [Cape Town DIE
BURGER in Afrikaans 1 May 85 p 8] 8463

MOTORCYCLES USED IN BORDER PATROL=-Bloemfontein: Conditions in the operational
zone were getting a bit beyond the capabilities of the ordinary motorcycle used
by the army for patrols, but the staff of Krygkor put their heads: together, and
the Cricket was born. In the recent issue of Krygkor's personnel newsletter,
SALVO, the motorcyele--or "Cricket," as it has been named--was presented. It
is designed for conditions in the operational zone and needs only minimal main-
tenance. Characteristic of this new field cycle are its two wheels of equal
size. The Cricket will be used chiefly for patrol work and follow-up opera-
tions, but it is just as much at home on the open road. It can attain a speed
of 170 km/h. In tests in which the Cricket and commercial motorcycles were
subjected to a testing ground, the Cricket came out at the head of the list.
Repair costs to several of the other models amounted to 750 rands, while the
Cricket needed not a single replacement part. [Text] [Cape Town DIE BURGER

in Afrikaans 8 May 85 p 15] 8117 —--

ANIMOSITY BETWEEN RIGHTIST PARTIES -- The position taken by Dr Ferdie
Hartzenberg the evening before last in Port Elizabeth that the Conservative
Party [KP] and the Reformed National Party [HNP] have actually already decided
that there should be only one party on the right, will surprise few people.
These days those two parties are like Tweedledee and Tweedledum. The policy
of the one looks like that of the other. Actually it is Dr Andries Treurnicht's
policy which now looks like that of Mr Jaap Marais. Since Dr Treurnicht and
his followers strayed from the path of the National Party which they had fol-
lowed until they split off, they unabashedly started to take over the HNP po-
licy, and later accepted it completely. Yet it should be interesting to hear
what Mr Marais has to say about some of his followers and he cannot be enthusias—
tic about the prospect of his party being completely swallowed up by the KP;
even less about accepting Dr Treurnicht, a political enemy of many years, as
its new leader. It is a poor consolation to be just the unchallenged ideologue
of the far right. Even though Dr Hartzenberg believes that the matter has be-
come urgent now and would like to see the two parties united before the end of
the year, he admits that there are "still a number of small differences." As
an example he mentioned the KP plan for an Indian homeland. But according to
him this could be overcome. We have to agree with that, The KP is so used to
swallowing HNP policy that it ought easily to do it again. A much more thorny
problem is the distribution of constituencies between the two parties. How-
ever much they gloss things over, in some areas it could also. have the ironic
result that their divisive behavior toward the NP will benefit the far left.
[Text] [Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 1 May 85 p 8] 8463

- END -
CSO: 3401/165 112



One of the Largest Markets in West Africa

However, there is more to it than agro-industry. In the data processing and
office systems sector, for example, foreign companies have not waited for
invitations from the Ivorian Government. In the wake of the large
construction companies many other companies have set up distribution networks
in Abidjan and are competing for a small but expanding market. About 20 data
processing companies and several computer training companies are competing in
the provision of various services (installation and maintenance of equipment
and specific software).

The reorientation of Ivorian economic policy in favor of small and medium
sized enterprises and industries may leave the impression that the time for
large projects is past. This is not completely true, because in one sector,
at least--energy--the Ivory Coast has several projects in reserve.

Of course, the potential of the petroleum sector has been very disappointing.
The estimated reserves of the Belier and Espoir fields, the two principal
areas, have been estimated at between 9 and 10 million tons of crude oil, or 5
years of domestic consumption. Philipps Petroleum has just made a discovery
in the area offshore Grand Lahou and Fresco which could increase the
production from the Espoir field (now about 17,000 barrels per day). However,
in general, geological difficulties hve reduced interest in new exploration

activity.

On the other hand natural gas, whose estimated reserves are more than 100
billion cubic meters, could involve the construction of several processing
units. Large scale exploitation with a liquefaction unit provided on a
turnkey basis seems out of the question, due to the-slowness of the world
petroleum market. Therefore, attention is being directed to projects oriented
toward the domestic market: the substitution of natural gas for fuel oil for
the Vridi thermal electricity generating station and the SIR (Ivorian Refining
Company) refinery; a 300 megawatt thermal generator at Jacqueville; and an
ammonia and fertilizer unit with a productive capacity of 1,000 tons per day
(to be operated by a joint venture in which CdF-Chemistry, Kellog, and Fluor
would participate). The distribution of natural gas would also involve major
construction: an underwater pipeline 62 kilometers long or land pipelines to
connect the Espoir and the Vridi fields.

Although the Ivorian recovery has taken a long time, the Ivory Coast
nevertheless remains one of the largest markets in West Africa.

5170
CSO: 3419/386

48



JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

IVORY COAST

BEGINNING OF ECONOMIC RECOVERY

Paris L'USINE NOUVELLE in French 25 Apr 85 pp 133-135

{article by Bernard Duran]

(Text] After undergoing a forced austerity program the
Ivory Coast is little by little resuming economic growth,
thanks to abundant harvests. French companies should
benefit from the recovery.

The Ivory Coast has almost passed through the worst of the economic recession.
In the next few weeks it should conclude a new agreement with the IMF fora
stand-by loan of $79 million and, immediately after that, a new agreement with
its public creditors for a rescheduling of its debt, for the second,
consecutive year. The commercial banks, for their part, made their
contribution in February 1985 by putting off payments due in 1985 and agreeing
to a new loan of 1 billion French francs.

While this rescheduling of the debt has been under way, certain indications of
a return to economic growth are already visible, and business circles are
somewhat less pessimistic. The harvests of coffee and cacao are promising
this year: 250,000 and 450,000 tons, respectively, and international market
prices are favorable, whereas the preceding growing season, which was affected
by drought, was disastrous. In general, the harvests of all agricultural
commodities, including pineapples, bananas, cotton, rice, and rubber, will be
very satisfactory.

In a country which is primarily agricultural and agro-industrial, these
results will be decisive. Already manufacturers can see an increase in demand
for major consumption items (food products, clothing, and bicyeles), due to an
increase in incomes in rural areas. In the cities demand remains stagnant,
because salaries have been frozen for nearly 3 years, as part of the austerity
measures previously adopted. A French banker in Abidjan said: "The good
harvests will facilitate financial improvement. The Ivorian economy is
fragile, but there is flexibility in agriculture. Perhaps growth this year
will amount to 1 percent." :

44



JPRS-SSA-85-048 '
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

DIVERSIFICATION OF POLICIES ACCORDING TO AREA PRAISED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 8 May 85 p 14

[Text] Evidently in South African politics the sentiment is increasing that
there is no single solution to the complicated problems of the nation, but ra-
ther that they require a variety of solutions, each dependent on its particu-
lar circumstances.

Thus it looks as if, within.certain guidelines, we shall be moving more and
more toward distinctive regional solutions for regional problems, varying from
the small to the very large. The coming of the new dispensation, its contin-
ued implementation and the endeavor to cope with black needs are going to cre-
ate plenty of opportunities to devise different plans suitable for different
situations.

With the latest changes, we are just one step closer: to the delegation-of-au-

thority ideal, which, especially onthe level of local government and the con-
templated regional councils, will bring a brand-new dispensation to South Afri-
ca. Acceptance of the notion that a province suchas Cape Province may possi-
bly be divided into. three geographical districts futher confirms that thought.

One may agree that. the principle can also be profitably implemented elsewhere
in the country. In that respect, Dr Gerrit Viljoen, minister of cooperation
and development, made an interesting statement in parliament. He said that as
far as Natal and kwa-Zulu. were concerned, certain sections of. the Buthelezi
Report might be examined more closely as a possible basis for negotiation.

The Buthelezi Report, on the relationships between Natal and kwa-Zulu, is a
typical example of an effort to untangle the complexities of a particular sit-
uation--and the intertwined geographical and economic relationship between
those two regions is indeed unique in South Africa--by means of a made-to-order
solution.

What. is interesting is that we shall be taking an impartial look at the diver-
sity of South Africa's people, their:viewpoints and circumstances, and that
within the broad national interests, we shall have to look for formulas suit-
able to each situation. This means that the highest priority can thus be given
to local and regional interests.

8117
CSO: 3401/1714
73



SPECIAL SYNFUEL LEVY DISCUSSED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5 May 85 p 3

{Article by David Carte]

[Text]

cso:

3400/250

in
Budget — but the
Director-General,

“Tatsts that the ache?
quer ‘will get the’

Dr de Loor says the
Bh tee Sa

Confidence

A Spokesmal
however, irisists that the
has been scrapped. ey
“Sasol naturally welcomes
the decision because Investor

payment of Government
‘and it is anticipated

the
fuels ine base this

economy,
Deductible

and have sold tax base,
will not have the tax
tomake deduc-
tions. means we shall
receive the R100-million bud-

EE
cy
a&:
zo
252
tt

Fy
i
7

i
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7
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JPRS~SSA~85~048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


cso.

3400/246

amazing that # Revolutio-
nary Government cont

nues_to work in this’

strangling system.

She lamented that there

seems to be a continuing
inability to cut through
bureaucratic mazes of red-
tapeism, delays and lack of
urgeficy in the implemen-
tation of decisions, adding,
“if anything, the bureau-
cratic ‘stranglehold is
growing again

Mrs Rawlings said we
cannot afford to lose sight
of the ideals of the young
soldiers who set this pro-
cess in motion, of the De-
cember 31 Women's Mo-
vement and all other con-
cerned Ghanaians, “neith-
er can we afford to-com-
promise on those ideals.”

She questioned the
practice of somé Secreta-
‘Ties of State who have be-
come remote from the.
people and have closed
themselves up in their offi-
ces und intimate circles.
She questioned further

‘whether Secretaries of

‘State are spending time in

the villages as was an-. -

nounced in-1983.

‘Yet, a third query was:
whether the Secretaries
who decided to adopt a ru-
ral development project
cock in the regions have

more than a cursory
visit to the sites.
- “We heard of post-
budget visits by Secreta-
ries: to. workplaces. How
long did these go on and to
what extent-were they
more ceremonial vi-
sits?” Mrs Rawlings asked.

She pleaded that ever-
fone involved in the Revo-
lutionary. brocess must

eep examining himself in
order to retain the probity
of the young Revolution.

_ She called for a recollec-
tion of the announcement
of the December 31 Revo-'
lutién on the radio in 1981
and asked, how many
Ghanaians sincerely felt
clean and un-corrupted to
hail and welcome the an-
nouncement..She said it
xe most unlike the 197

juné 4 dawning.

“So many of us who saw
a Revolution only in terms
of an anti-corruption affair
felt umeasy about De-
cember 1981 because the
corruptors had d succosded
in corrupting. i
base in order to undermine

the prospects of a’ future
Revolution”, the president
recalled.

Even then, she empha-.
sised, the corrupting of the
base does not justify our,
having to abandon a noble
cause even though, we ac-
knowledge that our Revo-
lutionary task is made
more difficult by the cor-
ruption factors.

irs Rawlings said the
nation may have some
competent but corrupt
people just as there are
some dedicated people of
integrity who are quite
ineffectual but regretted

that it is indeed not easy to
find those with the three
virtues

Commenting on thé
coincidence of the celebra-
tion of the third anniver-.
sary of the Movement with
the end of the United Na-
tions Decade for Women,
Mrs Rawlings said; “We
are happy to note that the
Revojution has earned it-'
self 4 worthwhile record.
for its involvement of wo-
men at virtually ail levéls
of decision-making in our
national life in ition to”.
its earnest efforts.to see
that all legislation that
discriminates against wo-
men in whatever form are
expunged from our law

S
“The December 3] Re-
volution. is close to the
hearts of our countrymen
and women as an attempt
to eliminate the social evile
that check.the advance.
ment of our society and
hold back our people's just
_desires and aspirations to
~ ereate for ‘ourselves, a so-
ciety which harmonises
with our historical past
and is not in conflict with
>-our cultural predilec-.
tions,” she-conciuded.: ~
The December 31 Wo-
men’s .Movement - was
launched on the morning
of May 15, 1982, five
months after the rebirth of
the December 31, 1981 Re-,
volutionary process was
set in motion. .

38



platitudes. Now moral indignation must be turned into moral responsibility
and morally defensible concrete proposals,

Black leaders who are talking so happily about a national convention will also
have to realize that there are matters which will have to be thoroughly studied
before we can ever get to that ideal. A convention is not necessarily a solu-
tion to a country's problems; it could just as well be the ignition of an
enormous explosion -- everything depends on how thoroughly the deliberators
have done their homework beforehand.

It is politically naive to assume, as Bishop Tutu once again did that evening
in Johannesburg, that the millenium will dawn if we can just get rid of "apart-
heid." Rather, learn from the fact that apartheid was an unsuccessful attempt
to solve the country's problems. Even if we could conjure the last remnants of
it away overnight, this would still not do anything to the prickly political
reality of South Africa. ' .

oo Ca st PMS

Refusal

It is for these realities that we must find a workable solution. And we are
not going to find it with American television cameras or on Capitol Hill in

Washington.

No more can a solution be found if we refuse to talk with some of those black
leaders who are busy stirring up "the revolutionary climate."

8463
CSO: 3401/116

108



NOTE

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newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, -the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source. ~

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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“Jennifer A. Thomson as its Advisor on
Biotechnology and head of a newly created
CSIR, Laboratory for Molecular and Cell
Biology. This enabled her to have a CSIR-
funded operational base while planning the
national programme. In this planning she
was assisted by an advisory committee of
senior scientists in the field.

The strategy proposed by this group,
which was submitted to the Prime
Minister's Scientific Advisory Committee
last April, followed closely the recommen-
dations outlined above, namely:

- a National Laboratory of the CSIR
under the control of a director and
answerable to an advisory committee;

- decentralized groups of the National
Laboratory situated in existing centres
of excellence;

~- “an intensive training programme at the
“PhD and postdoctoral levels, both here
and abroad. :

‘As it was considered desirable to in-
tegrate the National Laboratory closely
with existing groups working in
biotechnology, the CSIR Laboratory for
Molecular and Cell Biology, which will
form the base of the National Laboratory,
has beet established at the University of the
Witwatersrand, in close association with
the School of Biology.

Research areas in the National
Laboratory in the first instance will include:
="'the development of vectors for the ex-

pression of industrially important
genes;

~*the development of strains for the

* ‘biological control of plant and animal

* diseasest
— the development of biological systems

~‘for the analysis of water purity and for

waste treatment.

Regarding the decentralized groups, it is

cso: 3400/250 .

101

envisaged that scientists throughout t
country4vill be invited to participate in the
Programme of the National Laboratory as
decided by its director and advisory com-
mittee. Participation will be considered on
merit of expertise assessed in the light of
the overall contribution to the national pro-
gramme. It would be naive to think that we
in South Africa can compete in the
development of processes or products
already well advanced in other countries.
It is therefore important to concentrate on
research areas where South Africa’s unique
advantages can be exploited or its unique
problems solved.

The question may be asked, Why try at
all? Why enter such a highly competitive
field? Why not just import the products or
the know-how? Apart from the obvious
answer that taking such a backseat openly
invites mediocrity and will cause us to lose
our brightest scientists, South Africa has
many unique attributes that can be ex-
ploited, and certainly has some unique pro-
blems that no other country will be in-
terested in solving.

The ‘plus’ side includes our mineral
wealth, which is amenable to ‘biological
mining’ and many unique biological pro-
ducts of plant or bacterial origin. On the
‘minus’ side are unique plant and animal
‘diseases and the’ severe water shortages
which force us to look to novel solutions.
Moreover, even if we were merely to im-
port the know-how, we would need suitably
trained and experienced personnel to ex-:
ploit it and adapt it to local conditions.

In conclusion, the strategy outlined here
is aimed at fostering research, ¢o-
ordinating activities, aiding collaboration
and helping to bridge the gap both between.
scientists in all disciplines who are involv-
ed in biotechnologically related fields, and
between such ‘scientists and industry. CO)



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY ON RECENT APARTHEID REFORMS

Pace of Reform
Pretoria DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 13 May 85 p 10
[Editorial: "Pace of Reform"]

[Text] . Assessment of the present rate of social and: political reform in South
Africa brings to mind the sentence made famous by President Ronald Reagan:
"You ain't seen nothin' yet!"

Indeed. From whatever perspective you look at the recent changes--from the
repeal of discriminatory legislation to the announcement concerning provincial
councils and the establishment of new management structures at the second and
third levels of government--they are drastic, since they break away from a
system that over the course of several decades has been built up around a
fixed pattern of total separation, both social and political.

The rare phenomenon of this type of reform lies not only in the legal measures
that it has to address and regulate, but in the adaptation of the communities
that it directly affects. After all, the success of the reform plan will de-
pend on whether white groups are prepared to accept it and adapt to it.

During the present parliamentary session the pace was quickened so much that
it was sometimes staggering.

Three months ago no one would have bet that the Mixed Marriages Act and Article
16 of the Immorality Act would be repealed during this session, nor that the
right of land tenure by blacks in cities would be recognized, not that the
physical removal of black communities would be stopped, nor that influx control
would be revised.

And what about last week's announcement that provincial councils are to be
abolished and that whites, coloreds and Asians will be sitting together on
regional services councils?

What next, the bewildered observer could well ask.

And how soon?

61



program (worth 380 million French francs) has begun, involving the cultivation
of palm oil (rehabilitation of the palm plantations and the development of

- byproducts). The construction of a palm oil refinery is planned in the near
future (worth 2 to 4 million French franes). A livestock raising project will
be carried out over 4 years by SODEPRA (Company for the Development of Animal
Production), to reduce the country's deficit in the production of meat
products, which will require equipment for livestock raising, vehicles,
medicines, and technical assistance. In the forestry sector the African
Development Bank is financing the reforestation of 10,000 hectares in the
Bouake ‘and Korhogo region and the installation of tree seed farms. Worth 180
million French frances, this project, of course, will include forest equipment,
engines, tractors, etc.

In fact most of these sectors began to deteriorate over the last few years.
The economic crisis placed increased pressure on lax management in a large
number of companies. The Ivory Coast therefore has the new objective of
improving its great agricultural potential by expanding agricultural
production and its agro-industrial network, even establishing new companies.
This resumption of growth involves restructuring large companies and providing
assistance to small and medium sized enterprises and industries.

On the. whole the Ivorians, a little like the Cameroonians, are looking for
French partners who would provide funds and a certain amount of expertise in
terms of management and sales. Reportedly, many opportunities remain to be
exploited in the agro-food and agro-industrial areas: milk, crackers,
preserves (pineapple, fruit juice, jams), products for the cosmetics industry
(karite nut butter and coconut byproducts), and refrigerated items.

In the timber sector Ivorian industrialists issued an appeal to French
companies to set up joint ventures at the Salon International Batibois
{International Exhibition of the Lumber and Construction Industry] last fall.

Regarding rubber and rubber products, on which the Ivorian Government is
placing greater emphasis (a program valued at 600 million French frances has
been undertaken to double present production of about 35,000 tons between now
and 1990), the need for new companies has already made itself felt. At the
same time that the development of new rubber plantations is under way, the
construction of a number of industrial units for turning out rubber products
is planned. A project for the construction of a tire recapping. factory for
. public works equipment is under study (worth 8 million French franes). We
might noté that Michelin already has a minority investment in a local company
in this sector.

In fact certain French companies have already become involved in the Ivorian
economic recovery process. The Bachman Company (business sales volume of 35
million French '‘franes) has made an initial investment in the cacao warehousing
sector and is preparing to invest 20 million French francs, together with
ANVAR,. in the waréhousing of sweet potatoes and plantains.

47



JPRS~SSA-85~048

14 June 1985
SOUTH AFRICA

ESCOM EXPANSION PROJECT DETAILED

Johanneeburg NEW CONSTRUCTION NEWS in English 6 May 85 pp 10-11-

[Text]

PROJECT: ESCOM EXPANSION PROGRAMME CIVIL (CAPE)

SITE; Eastern Cape

VALUE: R200 million

AUTHORITY ; Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM)

Escom House, 88 Bufallo Street, East London 5201/P,0, Box

667 East :
London Manager East Cape Sytem - Mr K L Garman
TEL (0431) 39911

STATE AND DETAILS; It is Escom's policy to decentralize its activities and
Escom has decided to strengthen the three Cape-regions by amalgamating them
into one large region which will deal with all Cape matters. .

The expansion programme entails:

1) Construction of a new line between De Aar and Port Elizabeth to serve the
electrified railway system, ‘The remaining portion of the Cookhouse/Port Eliz-
abeth section will be completed later this year. The cost of this project
which consists of approximately 450 kilometres of very high voltage lines and
15 sub-stations if $31 million.

2) Duplication of the transmission system of about 300 kilometres from de Aar
to Cookhouse, scheduled for completion later this year - VALUE - R51 million

3) Reinforcement of the transmission system to the East London area. This
entails the construction of nearly 300 kilometres of extra-high voltage lines
and a major in-feed substation at an estimated cost of R68 million. Tenders
for this 400 kV line will be invited in May, This project is expected to be
completed early in 1988.

4) Erection of approximatley 250 kilometres of very high voltage lines and
17 substations between Bloemfontein and East London to provide for the

96



JPRS-SSA-85-048

14 June 1985

COMOROS

OPPOSITION FORMS NEW ALLIANCES

Paris

[Text]

THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr 85 p 5

The newly-formed Union Nationale pour la Démocratie aux Comores (UNDC)
is the only opposition group to have responded to the appeal which the

“ Front _Démocratique (FD) issued in Paris on April 18 for a broad coalition

of all political parties opposed to. the regime of Ahmed ABDALLAH. The FD
called for support for a six-point platform of political demands, viz.,
‘the departure of the mercenaries, the resignation of president ABDALLAH,
the release of all political prisoners, the organisation of free
elections, the formation of a national unity government. comprising all
political groups in the country except those linked to the mercenaries
(i.e. the ruling Union Comorienne pour le Progrés), and the establishment
of democratic institutions. The UNDC, which is headed by Amois ASSOUMANI

“and is close to Mohamed TAKI, the president of the federal assembly who

cso:

has fallen out with Moroni, subscribed to these demands on April 21, with
the exception of the proposal for a national unity government. The UNDC

and the FD were to address an open letter to president ABDALLAH this
week.

I.0.N.-.The Comorian opposition has undergone a_number ar changes.
since the mutiny in Moroni of members of the presidential guard on
March 8 and the smashing of the FD structure in the Comoros after the
front was accused of involvement in the revolt. According to the FD,

» between 400 and 600 people have been arrested, most of them members or
sympathisers of the front. The alliance formed this week between the

FD and the UNDC is noteworthy in that it is the first sign of solid-
arity with the front since the repressive measures against it. On the
other hand, Abdallah MOUZAQIR's URDC has kept absolute silence on the
events in the Comoros in spite of the joint actions it undertook with
the FD during the whole of 1984, and this is intriguing a large number
of Comorians. They see in it a sign of potential reconciliation
between the party of former president Ali SOILIH's one time foreign
minister and the ABDALLAH government, or at least of an URDC desire to
distance itself from the leftist parties. Mr MOUZAOIR ts thought
untikely to express support for the FD during his current visit to
Saint Denis de la Réunion. The URDC has been hit in recent montha by
the departure of some of its members, including Mr ASSOUMANI, former
president of Mr MOUZAOIR's party. Other URDC members defected to the
ABDALLAH regime, and three of Mr MOUZAOIR's former aides are now in
the Moront government, As for the other opposition groups based in
Paris, namely the Mouvement de Libération des Comores, FNUK-UNIKOM and
the Organisation des Jeunesses Comoriennes, none of them has responded
to the FD's invitation to join the common political platform.

3400/278 21



“Our army is almost symbolic”

0 JORNAL:* Do: you, Mr President, confirm’the report: disseminated in Portugal
that troops of Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe would
go to fight in Angola and Mozambique against UNITA and RENAMO?

Aristides.Pereira: On. the contrary,.I refute’ that report. Even if’we were
to express our solidarity with Angola and Mozambique through the symbolic
sending of detachments of our smail armies, it would not. be realistic to do
so. Taking the limitations of Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau ‘and Sao Tome into
consideration, we are much"more interested in showing ‘that solidarity by
means of a vigorous diplomatic-political ‘action, than by sending a few
hundred men, who could really not .have any influence on the resolution of the
problems.

0 JORNAL: On the other hand, would the Cape Verde Army be prepared for such
a situation?

Aristides. Pereira: In no way. .I must. say that our army is almost symbolic,
for the defense of our sovereignty. We do not want.to appear asa country
that may really have an army. We act pursuant to the rules of a sovereign
country but our army is absolutely defensive and almost symbolic.

"411 countries that could contribute to peace “in southern Africa should do
so"

0 JORNAL: Some..months ago much was’ being said of the role that: Portugal
could also have in the establishment .of ‘peace-in southern Africa as'a result
of its good: relations with the Five,’South Africa and the United States.

Do you, Mr President, believe that Portugal:can or should assume that role
at this time?

Aristides Pereira: Since this is a' matter which has to do with the entire
world, a matter of peace in southern Africa, I believe that all countries
that could,’ and-have-that: possibility and will, should'do so. It is not up
to us to indicate whether’ Portgual should or should not assume that role.
It is up to its government leaders to say that. However, in our: opinion,
the entire country, if it can contribute to the acceleration of the
solution of the situation’ in southern Africa, should do so.

"Controversy with Guinea-Bissau.is being resolved"

0 JORNAL:. How are.relations between Cape Verde and Guinea Bissau now?
Are there relations ‘between*the two ‘parties?

Aristides Pereira: Relations’ between Cape Verde and.Guinea.Bissau are normal
at the state level. We already have an ambassador’ accredited in Bissau.
Bissau ‘already gave its approval to the ambassador, who should present his
credentials soon: The economic-financial controversy is on the way of being
resolved and there are even the possibilities of ‘initiating our ‘cooperation.
under new patterns and in well-chosen sectors.

17



JPRS~SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NATIONAL BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM OUTLINED

Marshalltown SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE in English Mar 85 p 108

[Article by Professor Jennifer Thomson]

[Text]

In September 1981 the CSIR, in response
to a letter to its president from a group
of concerned scientists requesting co-
ordination and accelerated national fund-
ing for molecular biology, held a one-day
colloquium on ‘Biotechnology, the State-
of-the-art in the Republic, and its Industrial
Potential’. After this, meeting an ad hoc
task group was appointed under the chair-
manship of Professor O.W. Prozesky.
Over a period of six months the task group
surveyed relevant biotechnological exper-
tise in South Africa and investigated man-
power needs and job opportunities.

Its recommendations included:

— the need for cooperation in and co-
ordination of the existing far-flung and
scattered activities;

— the need for a national body’ concern-
ed solely with research in bio-
technology;

— the need for a ‘home’ to stimulate, fund
and co-ordinate research and to build
bridges to industry;

— the urgent need for a national effort to
remedy the situation before South
Africa fell irretrievably behind other
Western nations.

It proposed the following:

— an organisational entity for the develop-
ment and co-ordination of bio-
technological’ research in the form of a
National Research Facility for
Biotechnology, closely linked to centres
of excellence at universities and research
institutes;

— intensive training programmes;

- the involvement of industrial entre-
preneurs in both the above.

100

At the final meeting of the ad hoc
Biotechnology Task Group in March 1982,
a sub-committee was appointed under the
chairmanship of Professor D.R. Woods to
draw up a national research programme
and budget, and to determine national
priorities. Again the sub-committee ent-
phasised the importance of a national
research programme to be carried out by
a national laboratory and a number of
smaller, decentralized groups in existing
centres of excellence.

In order to obtain an independent assess-
ment of biotechnolgy in South Africa, the
CSIR invited Dr Marc van Montagu of the
Rijksuniversiteit, Ghent, a leader in the
field, to visit South Africa in November
1982. Dr van Montagu recognised existing
centres of excellence, but pointed out that
‘no central organization helps of fosters the
different university units or research in-
stitutes to acquire the new molecular
biology techniques’. He commended the
supportive role of the MRC but said that

the Department of Agriculture had’ ‘ig-
nored the recent developments in molecular
biology and genetics’.
Dr van Montagu proposed: -
— the creation of a national institute ‘for
pure and applied molecular biology;
— the co-ordination of the research effort
and the funding of existing centres of
excellence;
— improved training programmes.
He envisaged the national institute as be-
ing under the control of a director, who was
an active scientist, and a scientific advisory
board of outstanding scientists in the field.
Accordingly, on 1 January 1984, the Ex-
ecutive of the CSIR appointed Professor


JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

TSIKATA URGES TUC LEADERSHIP TO ASSIST IN ECONOMIC REVIVAL
Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 2 May 85 p 4

{Speech by PNDC Special Advisor, Captain Kojo Tsikata at the May Day parade
for workers at Independence Square in Accra]

[Text] Comrades and friends, May Day is an occasion for the renewal of
solidarity among the working people of the world, a day of rememberance of
all those who have contributed to the struggle for the legitimate rights of
workers, especially those who have sacrificed their lives for the cause of the
Trade Union movement. A day when workers dedicate themselves to show by their
work, their commitment to the struggle to improve the living conditions of
society.

A1L of us who work to produce something of value to our society, whether it is
a material object such as a piece of cloth, a tin of fish, food, a bag of
cocoa, or a cake of soap or whether it is a service such as transport are
workers.

But in the context of May Day celebrations we are more particularly concerned
with workers as organized labour, and especially urban organized labour. And
it is the Trade Unions which have over the years, built up the organized
front of working people. The Trade Union Movement has a great deal to its
credit not just in Ghana, but throughout the world, and has been responsible
for major advances in fair conditions of work as well as greater worker
participation in industry and business. The Trade Union Movement in Ghana
has a glorious past and has played a militant role in the anti-colonial strug-
gle and the struggle to build a just society.

But we all know that it also bears a share of blame when we examine events
over the short period of our existence as an independent state.

We are all aware of periods when the TUC leadership neglected the real needs
and problems of workers whilst allowing themselves to be manipulated by politi-~
cians and lining their pockets with the very funds contributed by the poor

man on the job.

29



fruit, skins, dried flowers, ostrich eggs, gemstones, curios, canned fruit,
meat, honey, fruit juice, baankets and towels. Feds is part of the R2-
billion Far Eastern Textiles group, whose activities include cement produc-
tion, garment manufacturing, transport, construction and advertising. Taisaf,
a company formed in May last year, will act as shipping agent for Feds. Ted
Coote, the founder of Taisaf, is chairman of the SA-Republic of China Chamber
of Economic Relations. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5’May 85

p 6]

NUM REACHES AGREEMENT--The Namaqualand division of De Beer's Consolidated
Mines has concluded a recognition agreement with the National Union of Mine-
workers (NUM)--a breakthrough for the union dn the remote north western Cape.
It is also the first time that the predominantly African NUM has been
recognised on a mine with a majority of coloured employees. A De Beer's
spokesman said they were in the process of "finalising a recognition agreement"
with the NUM, though it is understood the agreement will be signed this week,
The spokesman said negotiations leading to the agreement had started after the
NUM showed it had more than 50% representation among the mine's 2 500 employees.
De Beer's already has a recognition agreement at its Kimberley Ditdsion with
the Federated Mining Union, which recently merged with the SA Boilermakers!
Society. A spokesman for the NUM said the agreement was significant for the
union as it had suceeded in organising wrrkers in a very remote part of the
world. The only other emergent unianz tohbave recognition in the area is the
General Workers’ Union, which has organised workers at Jowell's Transport.
[Text] (Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 13 May 85 p 2]

MULTIRACIAL UNION OPPOSES DIVESTMENT -- The South African Boilermakers Union,
one of the most influential multiracial unions in the country, yesterday. took
a strong stand against "all forms of divestment" in South Africa. Ina
strongly worded proposal which was unanimously adopted at its general council
meeting at Kempton Park, the union declared itself against divestment and also
instructed its executive committee to keep close track of the campaign in
America and to take the necessary steps against it. In giving reasons for the
proposal Mr Arthur Johannes, member of the union's executive committee, said
that the boilermakers“had taken note. with regret of ‘the statement made by Mr
John Vanderveken, first secretary of the International Confederation of Free
Trade Unions [ICFTU], that he is willing to let. some job opportunities in
South Africa be wiped out 'for the sake of the victory of one political faction
or another." "In the first place, the position recently adopted by ICFTU in
Washington to the effect that freedom is more important than a job, serves
only one goal and that is to isolate unions like ours, which are working for
change in South Africa, from international contact. This will involuntarily
weaken us in our struggle for justice in South Africa," he said. "It is un-
bearable that the executive administration of an international union organiza-
tion, which is proud of the fact that it works for the freedom of the workers
and their alliances, is betraying the interests of the South African workers
in this manner," said Mr Johannes, Afterwards a proposal was adopted in which
the union expressed its concern that any flowing out of capital which is
currently invested in South Africa, will lead to "the loss of jobs, economic
stagnation and political chaos which is irreversible." [Text] [Johannesburg
BEELD in Afrikaans 23 Apr 85 p 4] 8463

110



The political parties will be able to achieve this, on the one hand, by imple-
menting real reform measures in the interim government and, on the other hand,
by proceeding even more actively with the building up of a Namibian national
republic in which people will not automatically think in terms of ethnic bloc
formation.

In such a national republic the clear political choice will be either demo-
cracy or communism.

[Question] Will the new arrangement not have to be confirmed quickly by elec-
tions in order to earn credibility?

{Answer] That will depend on what the interim government decides. It may be
possible that the broad coalition of leaders established within the VPK will
want to broaden its popular support by means of elections.

If an internal settlement continues to drag on this would seem like a neces—
sary development.

[Question] Don't these latest steps hinder the chances for an internationally
recognized settlement?

[Answer] No, not at all. There is nothing in this development which makes
the ultimate implementation of Resolution 435 impossible. Besides, in my
opinion this development is the necessary prerequisite to create favorable and
peaceful conditions for a future international election in pursuance of Reso-
lution 435, and to sharpen the political choice between SWAPO and other domes-
tic parties and the native population.

[Question] Then why is there such vehement international opposition to this
step?

[Answer] On the one hand, because many countries in organizations have already
committed themselves blindly to a SWAPO takeover and, on the other hand, be~
cause they are afraid of a possible unilateral declaration of independence

on the part of SWA.

As soon as people realize that this development is aimed precisely at the es-

tablishment of an internationally recognized settlement, a great deal of this
resistance should decline.

8463
csO: 3401/115

53



The fact that President Botha did not intend to dawdle with this anyhow was
made clear when he announced, during the opening session of parliament, that a
special talk forum with black leaders would be established.

The tragedy at Uitenhage has given a special urgency to this talk.

The fact that the majority of the opposition parties have accepted the invita-
tion to become members of the committee means that black political rights have
now at least partly been lifted from the political arena and are being.. seen

as a matter of national interest. The fact that the Conservative Party turned
up its nose at the invitation may be something that they will regret later on.

Statements

Now the important step of negotiations with black leaders can begin. The degree
of importance which at least some black leaders attach to such talks may be
inferred from the fact that both Captain Gatsha Buthelezi and the Reverend Alan
Hendrickse have recently made particularly interesting and responsible state-
ments about the country's political future.

Such a committee could once again pay attention to the proposals made by the
so-called Buthelezi Commission (which served at the invitation of Inkatha) and
the Lombard Commission (consisting of a group of scholars from the University
of Pretoria) concerning the political future of Natal.

A couple of years ago, Minister Owen Horwood, as Natal leader of the National
Party, pushed those proposals too quickly off the table. The two sets of pro-
posals show remarkable resemblances and provide thought. provoking models of
how black and white cooperation can be achieved on a regional basis.

Federation

The Reverend Hendrickse once again touched on the possibility of some form of
federation or other -- an idea which has also been much discussed in recent
years, byAfrikaner academics.

If one further recalls that in the past numerous’ homeland. leaders have already
expressed themselves in favor of a federation, one realizes that federalism
could be a realistic basis for discussions.

This week President Botha once again outlined the responsibility of the special
committee when he said: “We do not want any more discussions. We have had
enough discussions. What is needed is concrete proposals, solutions for South
Africa which can be tested."

Explosion
These words apply equally to black leaders. The time has also come for them to
stop talking in the wind and to come up with concrete proposals. It no longer

serves any useful purpose for them to stand there with a bishop's mitre on
their head and to fold their hands piously and then spout all kinds of

107



HEUNIS SETS 1988 AS FINAL DATE FOR MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 10 May 85 p 4

[Text]

cso:

3400/250

ALL general municipal
elections are to be post-
med until 1988, the Min-
ister of Constitutional De-
velopment and Planning,
Mr Chris Heunis, an-
nounced yesterday.

Speaking during the
committee stage of his de-

artment’s vote, Mr

leunis said the date of
future local government
elections had been subject
to misconceptions in some
quarters.

In 1984 the Co-ordinat-
ing Council of Local Gov-
ernment Affairs had
recommended a uniform
term of office of five
years for all councillors.

It was recommended
that a date be set on which
all councillors would va-
cate their seats simulta-
neously, after which elec-
tions would be held every
five years. .

This recommendation
had been accepted by the
Government and 1988 had
been selected as the most
suitable date at which to
effect the changeover.

“At a subsequent meet-
ing of the co-ordinating

council in March, the

council again discussed

the matter and recom-

mended that in certain

provinces general munici-
al elections be held dur-
g 1985 and 1986.

“Jn certain quarters
these amended recom-
mendations of the co-or-
dinating « councll ere
terp good faith as
decisions of the Govern-
ment.”

Mr Heunis said that to
remove any possible mis-
undertanding he wished to
confirm that the Govern-
ment had considered the
amended recommenda-
tions of the co-ordinatin;
council and had decid
to reaffirm its 1984 deci-

jon.

“This means that gen-
eral municipal elections
for all councillors of local
povernmment bodies will

held in 1988 on dates to
be determined by the
various Administrators
after consultation with
the Ministers of local gov-
ernment.”

71

JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

GABON

BRIEFS

NEW OIL DEPOSIT--Paris, 22 May (AFP)--ELF Gabon, an affiliate of the ELF
Aquitaine Group, has. discovered a new oil deposit off the Gabonese coast
about 17 kilometers west of Port-Gentil, the company disclosed in Paris on
Wednesday. During production tests, a flow of 600 cubic meters of oil per
day was obtained. Extra appraisal work will be necessary to establish the
commercial value of this discovery, since the deposit is situated at an aver-
age depth of 150 meters, ELF Gabon further said. - [Excerpts] [Paris AFP in
French 1036 GMT 22 May 85 AB]

cso: —3400/275

23



NAMPO CALLS OFF MAIZE BOYCOTT

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 9 May 85 p 2

{Article by Paul Bel1]

[Text]

cso

THE National Malze Producers”

Organisation, has cut short its

boycott and instructed farmers to
gary on deliveries to co-ops from
jay.

Nampo secretary Mr Tobie”

Lombaard said the organisation's
executive would meet the Minls-
ter of Agricultural Economics,
Mr Greyling Wentzel, in Pretoria

is morning. .

It is understood the la for
today's meeting will be decided
‘on the spot,-although it is certain
there will be an attempt to repair
some of the bridges blown up in
last _week’s showdown between
the Government and Nampo.

The Minister also issued a
statement yesterday reassuring
consumers that there would be no
maize shortage at current rates

: 3400/250

of delivery.

He said it had been established
that maize farmers had already
delivered about 550000 tons of
new crop maize to agents of the
Maize Board.

The Minister “extended his

atitude to maize farmers who,

in spite of the present tense situa-
tion, reacted positively to his ap-
peal to continue delivering maize
the national and their own
financial interests and thereby
preventing shortages”.

The boycott was initiated at a
mass meeting of farmers in
Klerksdorp last Friday after a
stormy meeting between Nampo
bosses and the State President,
Mr P W Botha, in Cape Town on

89

JPRS-SSA-85-048

14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Thursday, !

Mr Botha would not reverse his
decision to hold the producer
price at last year’s level of R218 a

Farmers have obviously real-
ised an all-out fight with the Gov-
ernment would have serious
fnanclal implications for individ-
uals.

It 1s also understood that
Nampo may be feeling somewhat
doubtful about the depth of sup-
port it has in the maize farming
community. There are, it is un-
derstood, about 31 000 deliverers
to Maize Board agents, and only
4700 Nampo members.

Many maize farmers are
known fo have actually supported
the Government’s stand.



For a specified period of time, 10,000 Cuban soldiers were to remain in the
Luanda area to protect the capital from any onslaughts by UNITA.

In fact, the South African forces did not withdraw to a line 30 kilometers
south of the frontier. A small detachment is still present at Ruacana Dam on
the Cunene River, where it occupies a hydroelectric plant whose production
(300 Mw on the Angolan side) now supplies Pretoria's military installations in
northern Namibia. .

"Divisive Maneuver"?

As we go to press, Luanda has not commented on the announced South African
withdrawal. Diplomatic observers are definite, however, in stating that
Pretoria's attitude "was a divisive maneuver" aimed at minimizing the damage
done by its announcement of a transitional government for Namibia in defiance
of UN Resolution 435--one of the few decisions by that forum to have the con-
sent of the superpowers. 2

For a certain period, the military occupation of the southern part of the for-
mer Portuguese colony by Pretoria's troops made it possible for UNITA to expand
its activities by moving from its theater of operations in the east--the area
to which Portuguese troops had managed to restrict its activity in the early
1970's--to the northern part of the country. The logistic support provided by
Pretoria to the movement headed by Jonas Savimbi enabled UNITA to establish
lines of infiltration and strong points which, in a territory presenting in-
herently favorable conditions, have been giving it considerable freedom of
movement in eastern Angola.

The South African withdrawal will not change this situation, since direct mil-
itary involvement was suspended quite some time ago. To cut UNITA's: supply

line, FAPLA [People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola] would have to
control the entire boundary line and its adjacent areas, and that is virtually

impossible.

Moving about in a territory that has one inhabitant for each 5 square kilometers,
Jonas Savimbi's movement will therefore be able to continue its activity for
quite some time, just as the Luanda government will be able to combat it for

quite some time.

The cost of prolonging guerrilla warfare will be reflected in Angola's economic
and social development and its foreign relations.

Sabotage and kidnapings will certainly be the chief threats that Jose Eduardo
dos Santos' government will have to face. The territory's geography and its
low population density make it possible to move across country for hundreds of
kilometers, and even when a column is detected by air reconnaissance, it has
time to escape before being attacked at all: "an experience that Portuguese
troops were well acquainted with during the colonial war," recalls a former
Portuguese Army officer who until just recently was a military adviser in

Angola.



JPRS~SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

~~ SOUTH AFRICA

UNITY AMONG BLACKS WILL REDUCE KILLING BUT ENDANGER NATION
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 9 May 85 p 14

[Text] It is encouraging to see a serious concern growing among Blacks over
the bloodshed they are perpetrating and the havoc they are wreaking upon them-
selves and that simply refuses to subside. Only recently, incidents of extreme
violence, including the burning of people, have again occurred.

The uneasiness among Blacks: manifests itself clearly in the chorus of voices in
the black press, which is already rising in a crescendo of outrage against the

chronic disturbances, and in the efforts of Bishop Desmond Tutu and other black
leaders to bring to an end the perpetration of acts of violence.

Every peace effort must be welcomed.and encouraged. The vicious circle of vio-
lence followed by acts’ of reprisal is tearing the black communities apart and
plunging ‘them into anarchy. Not only does it have a crippling and destructive
effect on their social and economic progress, but it also works to the disad-
vantage of the nation as a whole. This affects each and every one of us.

Bishop Desmond Tutu's plea for reconciliation among the warring black factions
is based on the fact that unity is now more than ever a vitally important mat~-
ter in the "struggle for freedom." Thus they must unite and not squander their
energy in combatting one another, because they have another battle to win. A
battle against whom?

Seeds of danger lie hidden in such an attitude. Some people may view the ac-
tual intention as a-combined assault by Blacks against other segments of the
population. If the winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace wants to see justice
done, it is important for him to show by word and deed that such an attack
must not degenerate into another kind of violence.

This week a black newspaper warned that the violence that is now limited to
black neighborhoods will "inevitably" spill over into other areas. ‘That is
not impossible. Recently a colored man was stabbed to death in Graaff-Reinet
because he refused to take part in-an incident of intimidation. It was not
the first time this year that Coloreds have been killed by black rioters.

The paper also warned that if Whites are the targets of attacks, the consequen-

ces will be horrible to contemplate. This is an admonition that Bishop Tutu’
and certain other black leaders may undoubtedly take to heart.

8117
cs: 3401/171 72



In addition, they also have all kinds of other planes as well as the MI-25
helicopter which carries a heavy load of rockets and machine guns. They are
also equipped with advanced missile systems (the SAM series and especially the
SAM-8 and SAM-9).

In terms of the quality of its weapons, Angola's air power can be compared with
any country from the Warsaw Pact or the Middle East. Only the best is put into
service here, and it is said that it is not solely for the purpose of defense.

Angola's radar reaches nearly over the whole country and to the border of
Southwest Africa and the Caprivi strip. It consists of several systems -~ in-
cluding mobile units -- which overlap and provide an actually impenetrable
buffer. ,

Last week, during the debate on his budget item in the Council of Representa-
tives, General Malan said that it is tragic that South Africa's neighboring
countries are being taken advantage of so unscrupulously primarily by Russia's
dumping of sophisticated weapons.

Russia's increasing arms buildup in the ‘countries neighboring South Africa is
out of proportion with their security requirements.. This is why South Africa
needs strong armed forces. The goal of the armed forces is to be a peace
power and to maintain a military balance of power.

General Malan stated that another defense budget may be necessary before the
end of the year if the domestic and foreign threat against. South Africa in-
creases at the present rate. Altogether, there are 1,642 tank units, 715 air-
planes and 332,000 soldiers, including 35,000 well trained communists.

"Tf the foreign threats, together with internal revolutionary threats continue
to increase, it will not be possible to cut the defense budget." ’

8463
csO: 3401/114

78



Briefs

Digital TV Technology
FMU-Boilermakers' Merger

Taiwan Seeks SA Trade

NUM Reaches Agreement

Multiracial Union Opposes Divestment
AV Supporters. Voted Out

Editorial on Drug Use

AWB Offers Police Help

Motorcycles Used in Border Patrol
Animosity Between Rightist Parties

109
109
109
110
110
111
111
112
112
112


JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NEED FOR COOPERATION IN CONSTITUTIONAL PROCESS DISCUSSED

Pretoria BEELD in Afrikaans 25 Apr 85 p 14

{Article by Piet Muller: "Enough Talk, Come Up with Proposals!"]

[Text] Now we are making progress!

President P.W. Botha's invitation to opposition groups to become members of
the special government committee which is to consider black political input,
has released new energy. Energy which is essential because we cannot continue
to dawdle with black rights much longer.

Following the referendum and the elections for coloreds and Indians a slight
slump occurred here and there. So much energy had been spent getting the
country over those two hurdles that there was hardly any energy left for black

political rights.

Clear

Two factors however provided urgency to the matter: first of all, the spectac-
ular progress made with regard to the rights of the Asians and the coloreds
caused the pent-up frustrations of the blacks to bubble up and, together with
the need and misery caused by the depression, this created a particularly
volatile atmosphere.

Since last year's troubles in Sebokeng, South Africa really has not known any
peace. It was clear that the country had reached a turning point in its his-
tory. There can no longer be any delaying and a solution must be found now
for just black demands.

It is true that a special government committee has given continuous attention
to constitutional development for blacks, but nobody can claim that they have
made any spectacular progress. As a matter of fact, it has been said openly
in the halls of the civil service that when so many capable ministers, who are
striving for the highest political honors in the country, are serving on a
single committee there cannot be much hope for progress —- they watch each
other too closely for that.

106



Hence, Ekangala is being developed and administered as a unit. The develop-
ment is taking place under the South African Development Trust, with the
Eastern Rand Development Council as its agent and with provisions for struc-
tured consultation and cooperation by the KwaNdebele government.

The village will be annexed as a whole to the homeland at a yet to be nego-
tiated date. Provisions will be made, in agreement with the government of
KwaNdebele, to protect the rights of non-Ndebeles who live in the village as
well as for the settling of non-Ndebeles in multi-ethnic parts of Ekangala.

Provisions are also being made through amendments to the effect that people
who enjoy privileges under Article 10(i) of the Black Urban Areas Act of 1945,
will not forfeit those privileges if they move to a trust area or to a national

state.

The development of the Ekandustria industrial area will remain partly ‘in
KwaNdebele and partly in South Africa.

8463
CSO: 3401/114

76



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS LEADER'S REPORT PUBLISHED

Johannesburg IIR INFORMATION SHEET in English Mar 85 pp 3-6

[Report of the director ef the Annual General Meeting of the Institute held

on 21 March 1985,

In order to appraise members who were unable
this meeting of the position and direction of the organisatéon,

to attend
the report of

the director ts published in place of the usual editorial feature. ]

(Text]

In returning to my report for 1983 | notice that | started with
the statement that it had been an extremely difficult year for
the Institute. In reviewing 1984, | realise that | might have bet-
ter reserved that comment for this report — if 1983 was ex-
tremely difficult, 1984 proved itself to be even more so. How-
ever, the picture is not entirely a dismal one.

With only R17 058 — half a month's operating costs — as an
accumulated reserve, the Institute was faced with the task of
generating R412 596 for the year. Of this R140 812 was ac-
counted for by way of membership subscriptions; the remain-
der (R271 784) had to be created by the staff of the Institute
itself, through training, seminars, publications and advisory
and consulting services. This required the generation of over
R1 000 a working day, every working day of 1984. With the
recession deepening during the year, restrictions on tax con-
cessions for training being introduced, increased competition
from consultants, lost markets owing to moves to in-house
training, and, in the light of the fact that the Institute experi-
enced the loss (for various reasons) of its entire professional
staff except for myself, and a large proportion of its adminis-
trative staff, | am not unduly upset with the organisation's
completion of the year with a R16 756 deficit. The result re-
flects an improvement in performance over the previous
year, despite circumstances.

It is customary to thank those contributing to an organisa-
tion’s performance at the end of an annual report ~ in the light
of the Institute’s results under very stressful conditions | wish
to break with tradition. To all those who staffed the Institute
during 1984, | express very personal thanks for the excep-
tional quantity and quality of work produced; all the extra
hours, nights and weekends invested; and the uncomplaining
willingness shown as you were thrown into the deep endona
wide variety of tasks often within days of arrival. A further per-

sonal appreciation is extended in respect of the level of per-
sonal support given to me over the year. :

lam not a believer that the governing bodies of community
based organisations such as the ‘Institute should assume
background roles ~ particularly in a field as pivotal as indus
trial relations, and particularly when the organisation is under
strain. As a consequence | think members of the executive
found themselves harried, with varying degrees of diplomacy
by a rather inexperienced and somewhat anxious Director.
To those members of the executive who responded so sup-
portively and gave active direction to the organisation during
1984 we all owe gratitude.

My thank you's early in my report serve another function —
| wish to finish looking ahead rather than thanking for the
past. In saying this, | wish to add a deep concern with some
patterns that are emerging with increasing salience in the in-
dustrial relations field. The development of “camps” based
on ideological and practice preferences is, perhaps, an inhe-
rent feature of industrial relations. The practitioner com-
munity is a small one in South Africa but it is riven with differ-

ences, with perceptions of ideological or organisational

“ownership” with interpersonal issues. This has become eas-
ily translated into critical attacks on personalities and organi-
sations. Central issues of concern are lost by virtue of who is
raising the issue rather than the significance of the issue it-
self. There is a shortage of willingness and ability to debate
without attack, and we as practitioners and academics di-
rectly involved in the game of conflict resolution are in some
danger of aggravating the problem.

The Institute was established as a bridging organisation
between labour and management. Since its inception it has
suffered accusations of being too management oriented, of
being a big corporation’s industrial relations unit, of being a

102



of Trade and Industry
where industrialists would
be able to obtain advice
on all the requirements of
the different Government
institutions with regard to
the erection or expansion
of factories.

The Government had
instructed the Central

Assocom Welcomes New Moves

cso:

3400/250
4

THE chief executive of
*Assocom, Mr Raymond
Parsons, said that the
White Paper strongly con-
tradicted the view of
people who claimed that
the disinvestment and
sanctions campaign in the
USA was a “blessing in
disguise”.

Mr Parsons said that
Assocom welcomed the
broad thrust of the econ-
comic philosophy underly-
ing the new strategy, and
the way in which it reaf-
firmed the Government's
‘commitment to the pri-
vate enterprise system.

At the same time it em-
phasised the need for
flexibility in the South
African economy in meet-
ing the new challenges of
a changing world econ-
omy.

“It is a positive and
confirmatory document
which will facilitate busi-
ness planning,” he said.

A clear message was
the extent to which the fu-
ture economic develop-
ment in South Africa
would have to be export
orientated.

“This will require out-
ward looking economic
Policies, substantial’ pro-
ductivity improvements
and a competitive cost
structure,” he said.

Meanwhile — Assocom
was still concerned about
the country’s high rate of
inflation.

“Inflation will have to
be reduced if the right
framework for economic
growth is to be created for
the future and if we are to

87

Economic Advisory Ser-
vice to formulate, in close
co-operation with the
Economic Advisory
Council, a national econ-
omic strategy to serve as a
framework for the co-or-
dination of economic
policy measures.

remain __ internationally
competitive,” he said,

The emphasis on ex-
port promotion —con-
tradicted the “blessing in
disguise” view of people
on disinvestment.

“South Africa needs to
maximise her external
economic relations and
contacts to underpin long
term economic growth.

“Even if foreign capital
should be less available
for economic or political
reasons, there would re-
main an even greater
need for us to expand ex-
port markets to create ad-
equate jobs in the fu-
ture,” said Mr Parsons.

Although” — Assocom
welcomed the fact that
local industry was assured
of continued moderate
and selective tariff protec-
tion, the White Paper
made it clear that import
replacement had de-
creased in significance as
a growth factor, and was
accompanied by iricreas-
ing problems and costs.

“Assocom sees the
White Paper as a focus,
hot a substitute, for deci-
sion making on future
economic strategy by the
Government and the pri-
vate sector.

* “Ongoing consultation

between the authorities
and the business sector
will. be the _ instrument
through which the devel-
opment guidelines in the
White Paper can be
adapted to changing -cir-
cumstance,” said Mr Par-
sons,



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOMALIA

BRIEFS

EXCHANGE RATE PROTEST--The use by Mogadishu of a rate of exchange unfavourable
to United Nations agencies could lead to a reduction in the amount of funds
being allocated to refugees in Somalia, U.N. secretary-general Javier Perez
de Cuellar reportedly warned Somali president Mohamed Siad Barre in a personal
message sent March 23. According to the International Herald Tribune news-
paper, the Somali head of state replied that if U.N. agencies were given
“favoured status" it could "adversely affect" Somalia's economic plans. This
unusual dispute arises from the devaluation of the Somali shilling and the
introduction of two rates of exchange for the currency on January 1 this

year in measures imposed by the International Monetary Fund as part of a new
economic recovery programme for Somalia. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN
NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr 85 p 8]

cso: 3400/278

55



JPRS~SSA-85~048
14 June 1985

NAMIBIA

VIABILITY OF PLANS FOR INTERIM GG@VERNMENT DISCUSSED
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 23 Apr 85 p 12

[Interview with Professor Marinus Wiechers of the College of Law of UNISA by
Otto Krause: "Despair Makes Way for Action"; date and place not given]

[Text] An interim government is going to be set up in
Southwest Africa [SWA] and Otto Krause interviewed an ex-
pert on the politics of that area, Professor Marinus
Weichers of the law faculty at UNISA [University of South
: Africa], on this important development.

[Question] Do the new arrangements for Southwest Africa which have been
announced, hold any promise?

[Answer] Yes, definitely. In recent years many developments have taken place
in the international area to bring about a settlement for SWA. During that
period the internal politics of the area have stagnated however.

One almost got the impression of an internal despair. It was as if the anti-
SWAPO parties had started getting the hopeless feeling that they would have to
co-exist with a one-man government -- the administrator general -- until such
time as the United Nations put its godchild SWAPO in power.

Fortunately, in this despair arose an urge to string together political powers
to start with a new constitutional initiative without the directions or cooper-
ation of the South African government.

This took shape in the form of. the Multi-party Conference [VPK] and the intro-
duction of a plan for an interim government for the country.

This large scale domestic stringing together of political forces can only offer
good prospects.

[Question] Is this plan viable? Isn't it just another Turnhalle?
[Answer] The Turnhalle and the VPK must be seen in relation to one another.
Political parties which did not exist before were born from the Turnhalle. In

other words, political parties had to be born from the old ethnic government
forms of the then existing apartheid structures in SWA.

51



As far.as the relations of Portugal. with.the five Portuguese-speaking African
countries are concerned, it is difficult to speak with respect to third
parties-~and we frequently refrain from doing so as a matter of custom. How-
ever, as far as we are concerned,. we would describe relations between
Portugal and the Five as being ina transition phase. On one side and the
other we feel that we-are seeking better paths for a perfect understanding
of the realities of each one and also to make it possible in faet to estab-
lish better relations between Portugal. and the Five, since T believe that at
the bottom there exists that desire on both sides.

"ZT would be in no condition to 'warn' the Portuguese Government"

0 JORNAL: : Mr President, you warned the Portuguese Government after the
recent summit at Sao Tome, that if Portugual.does not take "suitable mea-
sures" against those in its territory who conspire against Angola and
Mozambique, "there could be difficulties in relationships between us" (quote
from the Portuguese press). In.your opinion, Mr President, who would be
interested in the deterioration of relations between Portugal and the Five?

Aristides Pereira: I must begin by saying that I would be in no condition to
warn the Portuguese Government, nor would that be my role. What we said in
Bissau upon our return from Sao Tome was that if the entire present’ situation
were to continue with nothing being done in Portugal to improve it, it is
obvious that. those relations would continue to erode. I have no doubts at
all that the countries in question, Angola and Mozambique, would ‘be willing
to take measures which in their opinion would be proper. They would, up to a
certain point, show their dissatisfaction with the behavior of the Portuguese
Government. In such a case, the Five would obviously have the duty of
solidarity. Therefore, we could have problems. However, I think ‘that is
something which is more or less a thing of the past at this time. That is
the impression I have.

As for who would be interested:in the deterioration of relations between
Portugal and the Five, I believe that it could only be the enemies of
Portugal or of any of the five Portuguese-speaking African countries.

“There is no government that. has: no opposition"

0 JORNAL: Is there an opposition in Cape Verde? If it exists, what is the
margin of freedom for its movements in the territory of Cape Verde?

Aristides Pereira: You know, according:to a lawof life it appears that
there is no government, regime or system that does not have an opposition.

This is based on-the principle that whoever. is in opposition has different
ideas ot is even against the interests of the country. ‘If we consider ideas
that are different than ours or contrary to ours as opposition, wé can say
that we have an opposition, as there is opposition everywhere. There is no
government that can afford the luxury of saying that it has no opposition.

13



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

BRIEFS

RE-IMMIGRANTS SCANNED FOR INFILTRATORS--Security personnel and voluntary
organizations engaged in the evacuation of Ghanaian immigrants affected by the
Nigeria government's expulsion order are taking measures to combat crime along
the border and check the possible infiltration of subversive elements into the
country. A special task force has, therefore, been set up to screen all non-
Ghanaians who might attempt. to enter the country by the Aflao border with the
returnees. Major Gershon Kwame Lumor, Aflao Border Security Co-ordinator in
charge of the exercise, disclosed this when members of the National Evacuation
Committee, led by Commodore Steve Obimpeh and members of the Volta Regional
Security Council (REGSEC), led by Col Kwame Amable, visited the border on
Tuesday to acquaint themselves with the operations of the Evacuation Committee.
next] [Article by Jubilant Atuwo] [Accra GHANAIAN TIMES in English 9 May 85
pl

FRIMPONG URGES ARMY DISCIPLINE--Warrant Officer Cladd I, Isaac Frimpong, Forces
Sergeant Major has said that soldiers in the country who think they can over-
throw the government "must be joking". He also warned those whom he described
as “internal dissidents" that they would not succeed in their efforts because
the government is well aware of its security responsibilities. WOI Frimpong,
who was addressing soldiers of the Three Garrison in Sunyani noted that the
éivilian population respect the military because of its discipline but it
seems that recognition is fast dying out and urged them to do all they can to
revive their noted discipline. The Force Sergeant Major, said it is a matter
of great concern that some soldiers leave their barracks without permission and
go out sometimes to harass the civilian population and this practice must stop
forthwith. "You should remember that they are our brothers and sisters so

let us apply the Golden Rule which says "Do unto others what you expect them to
do to you," he declared. Soldiers, he said, must not allow some people to use
them to settle personal scores such as collecting debts, destooling chiefs and
harassing traders. There was frank exchange of ideas and matters bordering on
the welfare of the soldiers were also discussed in the presence of Lt-Col

I. A. Ankrah, Garrison Commander. [Text] [Article by C. S. Buabeng] [Accra
PEOPLE'S DAILY Graphic in English 29 Apr 85 p 8]

GDR RAIL NEGOTIATIONS UNDERWAY-~The government is negotiating with the German

Democratic Republic (GDR) for the supply of 30 new coaches to augment what the
Ghana Railway Corporation (GRC) has. This does not form part of the current

42



the Ivory Coast has borrowed a considerable amount. And the country has had
to adapt its resources to the crisis. However, it has made 25 years of
progress in a short time. Already we are encouraging companies to resume
activity. The levers of control are responding quickly, because President
Houphouet-Boigny is a real boss who knows everyone."

In fact there already are numerous opportunities to resume economic activity
in connection with internationally financed projects. In the highway
infrastructure area the World Bank is supporting a group. of road projects
in the northern part of the country (worth 2 billion French francs). A
project for the rehabilitation and expansion of hospital facilities (worth 390
million French franes) is under study. The construction of facilities for the
Universities of Bouake and Korhogo, as well as the expansion of several
university buildings, have been postponed but not canceled. Sooner or later
the expansion in the port of San Pedro, the second largest Ivorian port, will
be placed back on the agenda. This project will involve in particular the
construction of several terminals for the transportation of citrus fruit,
cement in clinker form, and petroleum products.

Substantial needs have also been noted in the field of social infrastructure.
Thus, in 1983 only 1,000 housing units were constructed. Now, with a
population of 10 million people, 2 million of whom live in the Abidjan area,
and with a population growth rate of 4.5 percent, the housing shortage isa
matter for concern.

The state has undertaken a reform of the specialized organizations established
to improve financing arrangements and the conditions for access to home
ownership. A forthcoming invitation to bid is scheduled for several projects
of 200 to 250 housing units each which will be sold at moderate prices (1,000
French francs per square meter). In 1985 the essential objective is to build
2,500 housing units, and 4,000 to 5,000 units per year subsequently.

Many Projects Depend on International Financing

Most of the projects under study will not become a reality unless they obtain
international financing. For the moment the World Bank has concentrated its
efforts in particular on activities involving the restructuring of major
public and semi-public enterprises, which have become virtually bottomless
financial pits. This is the case with the Ministry of Public Works and the
RAN (the Ivorian public corporation which operates the railroads), whose
reorganization involves a "reform of the management systems" and "technical
assistance." Many rehabilitation programs, often prolonged by the
construction of new projects, have been carried out in the agro-industrial
sector. They constitute a small-sized but not negligible market, provided the
financing is available. The Ivory Coast has begun rehabilitating four sugar
factories, reconverting two of them for producing seed and processing rice
(World Bank financing, involving a cost of 600 million French frances). At the
same time a consortium of companies led by Sucre et Denrees [Sugar and
Foodstuffs Company] is building two centers at Borotou and Zuenoula. A major

46



Witwatersrand, Vereeniging industrial area] area and that the deconcentration
of the PWV area should have the highest priority.

Hence, Ekangala has two development goals, specifically as an urban develop-
ment for the Ndebeles and as a multi-ethnic village, even though in terms of
employment and housing preference must be given to Ndebeles.

Table: Location of KwaNdebele and Ekangala

‘Bronkhorstsprult

The map shows the location of KwaNdebele including
Ekangala and Ekandustria. “The existing territory of
KwaNdebele is the colored area next to Marble Hall
and Groblersdal, on the right of the white line.

The colored part on the left of the white line is
white territory which will be added to KwaNdebele.
Ekangala is part of that area and is located way at
the bottom, north of Bronkhorstspruit.

Key: 1. Proposed addition

75



JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

NEW OFFICIAL IN KUITO KUANAVALE--Yesterday, during a public meeting, Maj Mateus
Miguel Angelo (Vietnam), member of the Kuando Kubango regional military
council, introduced to the people of that locality Capt Garcia Domingos, the-
new Coordinator of the Party Municipal Committee and Commissioner of the Kuito
Kuanavale municipality. Following the presentation Major “Vietnam” met with
local party and government authorities as well as with military and civilians
to whom he explained the present situation of the government, urging them to
become involved in the works of production and vigilance, in order to combat
the enemies of the Angolan revolution, who are doing everything possible to
hinder the socio-economic development of the province. It is worth noting that
the people of Kuito Kuanavale county are devoting themselves to agriculture,
having already formed about 20 farmers' associations, which lack the support of
the province's agricultural structure. Fishing occupies an important place in
the development of that municipality so they established a fish cooperative
enterprise which works with the primitive means at its disposal. [Text]
[Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 10 Apr 85 p 3] 8870

FRG DONATION TO CUNENE REFUGEES-~The government of the German Federal Republic,
represented by the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Bona, has just made a
donation of 850,000 DM (about US$ 260,000) for a project in Southern Angola,
thus helping to ease the situation of the war refugees in the South of the
country. The donation is intended to buy 60,000 awnings and a cistern truck.
Although there is not yet any bilateral agreement between the Angolan and
German governments, owing to legal problems, this country's embassy is pleased
to make this gesture on the part of its government and hopes that it will be
possible, in the future, to increase the German contribution for national
reconstruction. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 10 Apr 85 p 12]
8870

KWANZA NORTE RECRUIT CANDIDATES ADDRESSED-~Members of the Kazengo Municipal
Secretariat of the party JMPLA [Youth movement of the Popular Movement for the
Liberation of Angola] visited the Quirima meeting center (15 kms from
N'Dalatando) where they had a friendly meeting with the recruit candidates who
have voluntarily applied for the performance of their military duties. The
Kazengo lst municipal secretary of the JMPLA, Martino Rodrigues, was delighted
with the group's allegiance, the patriotic and revolutionary spirit of the
Kwanza-Norte youth, stressing that it demanded courage, determination and
revolutionary awareness to achieve the people's happiness, for youth is the



JPRS-SSA-85~048
14 June 1985

MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

PORT LOUIS. SEEKS AID--Port Louis is to request 95 million dollars in aid at the
consultative group meeting of donor countries in Paris from May 13 to 15,.
finance minister Seetenah Lutchmeenaraidoo has said. He admitted that the
government was setting its sights "very high". 1.0.N.-Mauritius is facing a
deterioration in its balance of payments, even though the recent fall in the
value of the dollar and the rise of the pound sterling should have helped.
The government is relying on a substantial development of the productive sec-
tors of the economy, which will receive a quarter of all public investment
(up from 18 per cent) under the just-published 1984-86 development plan.

On the other hand, the government wants to continue restricting pay levels
and cutting subsidies on rice and flour. [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER
in English 27 Apr 85 p 7]

OIL CONTRACTS AWARDED--Caltex and the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC) will
be responsible for providing Mauritius with all of its oil needs in 1985-

86, having submitted the best bids in response to an invitation for interna-
tional tenders. KPC will be required to supply between 40,000 and 50,000
tonnes of heavy oil, and Caltex between 20,000 and 30,000 tonnes, Each will
provide between 72,000 and 90,000 tonnes of other refined products. The value
of the contract awarded to KPC totals 27.7 million dollars, and to Caltex
21.7 million dollars. [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr

85 p 7]

SUGAR DISCOVERY--The university of Mauritius, the multinational firm ICI and
the Mauritian Happy World group have just perfected a yeast derived from
molasses which will enable imports of animal feed products to be partially
replaced. Marketing trials have been satisfactory and there is now the inten-
tion to build a plant: for production. Britain and the European Economic Com-
munity will be approached for financial aid. The project fits the Mauritian
government's policy both of diversifying the economy and making the maximum
use of sugar cane. [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr 85

p7j

MALAGASY TRADE MISSION--A delegation of the Mauritius chamber of commerce

and industry will visit Madagascar between June 3 and 7. The mission is well-
timed as Madagascar has just published a new investment code and imports of
Mauritian goods will now be given preferential treatment. The visit also
follows efforts by the Indian Ocean Commission to increase regional co-opera-
tion. [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr 85 p 7]

cso: 3400/278
50



Briefs

IVORY COAST

Re-Immigrants Scanned for Infiltrators
Frimpong Urges Army Discipline

GDR Rail Negotiations Underway

Soviet Books for Army

Beginning of Economic Recovery

MADAGASCAR

Briefs

MAURITIUS

Briefs

NAMIBIA

(Bernard Duran; L'USINE NOUVELLE, 25 Apr 85)...sseeeeeeee

French Oil Group
EEC Aid Increased
Parliament Reelections

Port Louis Seeks Aid
Oil Contracts Awarded
Sugar Discovery
Malagasy Trade Mission

Viability of Plans for Interim Government Discussed

SEYCHELLES

Briefs

SOMALIA

Briefs

SOUTH AFRICA

(Marinus Weichers Interview; DIE VADERLAND, 23 Apr 85)...

Electrification Plan
Water Treatment Plan

Exchange Rate Protest

Talks With Moderate Black Leaders Deemed Essential

(Editorial; DIE VADERLAND, 23 Apr 85)...eesseceeeceeeeeee

Reagan Administration's Policy Toward Government Criticized

(Editorial; DIE VOLKSBLAD, 17 Apr 85)..sssceeeseseeeeeees

42
42
42
43

44

49
49
49

50
50
50
50

51

54
54

55

56

58



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

ADMISSION FEES TO MIXED BEACHES PROPOSED
Johannesburg DIE BEELD in Afrikaans 27 Apr 85 p 3
[Article: "Better Behavior Predicted on Beaches"]

[Text] Mr Chris Joubert, municipal council member for District 1 in the Cape
and member of the Conveniences and Health Committee, said yesterday that he
predicts that the reduction in numbers and better managed beaches and swimming
pools will result in people being more accomodating and better behaved.

"With the committee recommendations which will be considered Tuesday at the
monthly council meeting, the council has an opportunity to restore order on
the beaches and at swimming pools. In 1978 already I predicted that the paying
of fees for admission to the beaches would be implemented. If people can mix
without discomfort and racial conflict, then you have proven something," he
said.

"I will appeal to the council to adopt those recommendations. I know that
some council members do not want to. I ama little afraid that the paying of
admission fees will be seen in the context of racial discrimination. I want
to nip that in the bud."

"I am very optimistic that if we limit numbers a code of good behavior will be
maintained and the beaches where admission fees are paid will see the local
inhabitants visit them repeatedly. They had withdrawn because they did not
want to be crowded out."

Visitors at the Kampsbaai tidal pool have been paying in recent years. The
behavior of those people was better than that of many of those on the rest of
the beach, he said.

The recommendation to move part of the fence surrounding the Kampsbaai tidal
pool eastward in order to include part of the beach for payment of admission
fees is very important.

"If the municipal council does not adopt this, Mr Jack Frost, fellow council

member for the district, and I will pursue the matter further. Kampsbaai was
the focus of complaints."

67



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

COMOROS

BRIEFS

FRANCE ACCUSED--Moustafa Said Cheikh, first secretary of the opposition Front
Democratique in the Comoros, who was arrested the day after the March 8 presi-
dential guard mutiny, is said to be in serious condition asia: result of the
subsequent tortures inflicted upon him by the mercenaries in the guard. He

is reported to have been recently transferred from the guard camp at Kandani
to the regular army camp at Mde. In a press conference in Paris on April 18
the Front Democratique accused France of involvement in the repression of its
members in the Comoros. It said that French Transall military transports took
prisoners from one island to another, and mercenary leader Bob Denard had been
seen in company with officers from the French patrol ship Epee which was moored
in Moroni between April 10 and 12. [Victoria NATION French Creole 3 May 85 p 3]

SERGEANT EVADES CAPTURE--A former member of the presidential guard who escaped
from prison last February is still giving the Moroni authorities headaches.

On April 15 at Chin'dini Sergeant Anouar, nicknamed 'Rambo', sailed from Grand
Comoro for Anjouan aboard a boat stolen from a local fisherman, together with
five associates. Units of the army, the gendarmerie and the presidential guard
were waiting for him but failed to catch him. [Victoria NATION French Creole
3 May 85 p 3]

MAYOTTE KEEPS POLL SYSTEM-~Arrangements for the next French parliamentary
elections in 1986 will remain unchanged on Mayotte, despite government plans
to introduce a system of proportional representation elsewhere. Under a draft
law relating to the election of deputies in overseas territories, approved
by the French cabinet on April 19, the island will keep the present. system
with one seat in parliament held by the candidate winning majority support

in two rounds of voting. Mayotte's sole deputy is currently Jean-Francois
Hory, a member of the Mouvement des Radicaux de Gauche which supports the
present government, and one of the main sponsors of the local MPM party which
wants to see Mayotte given the status of a full French departement. He was
recently attacked by Mansour Kamardine, secretary of the local federation

of the right-wing RPR (which also supports departement status), who accused
him of trying to ban a special RPR congress at Quangani on April 7. [Text]
[Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 27 Apr 85 p 4]

cso: 3400/278

22



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

RECTOR SEES INTEGRATION OF UNIVERSITY AS GOING SMOOTHLY
Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 29.Apr 85 p 11 |

[Article: "Non-White Students'No Problem at US: Character Intact, Says
Rector"] : .

[Text] Cape Town--The distinctive character and discipline of the University
of Stellenbosch [US] have in no way been affected by. the admission of non- -
white students, says the rector, Professor Mike de Vries.

DIE VOLKSBLAD approached Professor De Vries in connection with the Conservative
Party [CP] defamatory pamphlet concerning the limited admission of non-white
students to the University of the Orange Free State [UOFS], especially. the
contention by the. CP that UOFS in so doing will irrevocably lose its character.

Problems

Professor De Vries said in an interview that Stellenbosch, which has admitted
non-white undergraduates and post-graduate students since 1978, did indeed
experience small problems at the outset and that there was uncertainty in the
student body about how the non-whites would fit in. However, all the fears
and uncertainties have in the meantime been laid to rest.

Whereas 42 persons of other colors studied at US in 1978, the number-has grown
to slightly mere than 200 this year. US places no post-graduate restrictions
on student admissions, while non-white undergraduates‘ are admitted to specified
courses of study that they cannet pursue at their own universities, as well as
whenever specified major subjects in certain courses of study-are mot offered
at non-white universities. The children of the university's colored staff
members can pursue any course of study at US.

According to Professor De Vries, the largest gyYoups of non-white students are
in medicine, engineering, agriculture, forestry and in specialized fields such
as studies for bachelor of music, design arts. and drama. The students are in
all respects regarded and treated as students with full and equal status.

They have access to all facilities--including sports facilities--at US and can

also. belong to any club, be elected to student council, and can even be nomi-
nated for carnival queen or princess.

65



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

REAGAN ADMINISTRATION'S POLICY TOWARD GOVERNMENT CRITICIZED
Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 17 Apr 85 p 14
{Editorial: "It Is Sometimes Irritating"]

[Text] The behavior of the Reagan administration with regard to South Africa
reminds one somewhat of that of a big kid who tries to keep his irresponsible
younger brothers from hurting the little boy across the street. In his attempts
to convince his own family he often does things which irritate the little kid
on the other side immeasurably -- and on top of that he cannot even guarantee
that he will always be able to keep the troublemakers on his own premises in

check.

The views expressed yesterday evening by Mr George Shultz about South Africa
have an extremely positive orientation: he rejected the activities by members
of congress to introduce all kinds of punitive measures against South Africa
and pleaded with the Americans to support President Reagan's "quiet approach
to end apartheid." Divestment is currently a serious point of contention in
America and those like Kennedy, Solarz and others, who.are looking for black
voters in America by irresponsible means, are very busy stirring up the cam-
paign against South Africa.

To add strength to their arguments the Reagan people are rather free in taking
credit for every development in Southern Africa which they can hold up to the
American people as a positive step. Thus they claim credit for everything
that happens in South Africa which is acceptable to them, to the irritation of
South Africans who know for example that the first steps toward the new con-
stitutional arrangement were already taken while Jimmy Carter was still in the
White House. And at the time, nobody outside South Afica saw anything positive

in such a development.

Within South Africa such views are of course seized by the far right to show
that now South Africa is being reduced to "a colony of America," as Mr Jaap
Marais put it, Therefore reasonable South Africans welcome it when Minister
Pik Botha raps the Americans on the knuckles for their arrogant behavior ——
even though they know that they should also be thankful for the fact that Mr
Shultz is taking a stand against the divestors.

8463
CSO: 3401/116

58



"Diversify and expand the ranks of the countries that cooperate"
© JORNAL: It is a fact that Spain and France have significantly increased
their cooperation with Cape Verde.

Will the attention of Cape Verde turn to’ these countries in the near future
in‘ the field of cooperation and trade exchange? .

Aristides Pereira: Our attention will be turned toward all the countries
which are willing to open up for cooperation with us. Taking into’ consider-
ation our objective and real conditions as a small country with limited natu-
ral resources, and also given the persistence of the drought in the area and
the situation of the world economy, all that causes Cape Verde to be a
country that is extremely dependent on other countries. On that basis, it
would be a great error to concentrate our cooperation with a minimum of
countries.

Our political strategy is precisely that of diversifying and expanding the
ranks of countries which maintain relations of cooperation and solidarity
with us.

“Qur interest in the Canary Islarids is justified."

0 JORNAL: ‘However, Cape Verde is lately paying special attention to the
Canaries...

Aristides Pereira: I must say that our interest in. the Canaries is normal.
We have ‘the duty to advance tothe maximum our projects’of reestablishment
of the ecological balance of our country. In that respect, Spain, and
particularly the Canary Islands, have an extremely interesting experience
which is very like ours.

Although the situation in the Canaries is different than ’that of Cape Verde,
there is no doubt that, taking into account the nature of those islands---
volcanic like ours although they have mrewater: and rainfall than Cape
Verde--we are particularly interested in the work that has been done in them
for the protection of soil and the creation of artificial surfaces against
erosion and desert encroachment, as well as in the research and retention of
water... Therefore, our special interest in the Canaries is justified.

"Great: Difficulties" in Cooperation Among the Five

0 JORNAL: What progress has been made in cooperation among the five
Portuguese-speaking African countries?

Aristides Pereira: We can say that the progress that has been made is
limited to the little that was done in the past 2 years. We have encountered
great difficulties resulting from the war situation in Angola and Mozambique.
However, I must say that’ progress has been made: essentially with respect to
a much deeper awareness, and therefore more in keeping with our realities.

15



CSO:

3400/242

which’ will only lead us into
yet another — situation of
estrangement between an elite
group of decision makers and
® pessive and helpless mass:
of “the milled.”

Before | conclude, | would
like to mention the tradition-
ally non-aligned stance of the
African Trades Union Move*
ment. If you really stand: by
the’ principle of non-align-
ment, then | would wish you
to reflect on the circumstan-
ces surrounding the recent
OATUU meeting in Lagos and.
other such meetings. We can
not close our eyes to the in-
tluence of outside powers and
the efforts made to manipulate
African unions. We know that
there are Ghanaians here who
are’ working as. agents of
those powers who want to
use the African unions for
their own purposes. Some of
their activites were exposed
at the recent Lagos confere-
nee. If we cannot resist this,
then what ‘right have we to
pretend to speak for the
workers of this dear continent
of ours?

1 call on you ail to respond
to the challenge of May Day.
it is the hands, the minds, the
creativity, the commitment and
the — determination of the
Ghenaian worker which 73an
carry this country into a new
era of true social justice.
Thank you.

32



In a next step, those new political parties had to bring their forces together
with other political parties in order thus to broaden the base of internal re-

conciliation and unity.

The formation and cooperation of political parties is so important because po-—
litical parties are as it were the actors on the constitutional stage.

The VPK succeeded in bringing together for the first time political actors from
a very wide spectrum and to unite them in terms of goals and policy —- specifi-
cally, to promote peace and stability on a basis of protected human rights and

democratic constitutionality.

In my opinion, the development of this large scale political cooperation which
was achieved within a given order, can only be beneficial.

(Question] But isn't the whole attempt useless without SWAPO?

[Answer] The fact that SWAPO is not participating at this stage is of course
due to SWAPO's own refusal.

Hence, one could say that through it SWAPO wants to strengthen its position as
an outsider and a radical opponent of the existing system in order to create an
even greater resistance organization. :

As a matter of fact, it is true that if the coming transitional government is
seen and experienced as the continuation of a colonial regime, SWAPO's revolu-

tionary support will necessarily grow.

I am convinced, however, that SWAPO has underestimated the size and the depth
of the reform and that its communist supported revolution has been overtaken
and passed by this development.

Putting it simply, why would people continue to support a Marxist revolution
if democratic parties have already joined in a government which achieves more
advantages in a peaceful way?

The problem in SWA was that up to now there was no clear alternative to SWAPO.
I am convinced that the VPK offers such a clear alternative.

[Question] But will it be possible for the Ovambo majority in Southwest Africa
to be included in the new development?

[Answer] To be honest, one must recognize that to the extent that it is re-
flected in partisan reform, the ethnic Ovambo component is not represented
very strongly in the VPK. Hence, one of the most important tasks of ‘the poli-
tical parties in the interim government will be to expand its support among
the Ovambo people.

But this task also applies to all the population groups.

52



On the other hand, however and unfortunately, I must:say that relations be-
tween the two parties are not taking place for obvious reasons. It is my
hope that there is going to be understanding of the situation on the Guinean
side, and we will be able to discuss the problem between us.

On the Path of African Unity

© JORNAL: Taking into consideration the’common origins of the two parties
(PAIGC and PAICV), do you, Mr President, believe that the split of November

1980 was a historic loss?

Aristides Pereira: Obviously it was'a loss. It was not by accident that
Amilcar Cabral conceived the party to advance along the path of unity be-~
tween the two countries. However, we avoid stirring up problems that are
already in the past. What we should do is face the realities existing now in
the two countries. We must face the existence of the two parties and all
the possibilities of joint work, finding the best way to advance on the path
of African unity. L

“We are acting in an experimental way"

0 JORNAL: Cape Verde leaders are viewed on a world level’as pragmatic lead-
ers. Do you, Mr President, advocate the "philosophy" of pragmatism as a
philosophy of political action?

Aristides Pereira: When we in Cape Verde speak of being pragmatic, it is
precisely on the basis of the reality we have and which leads us not to
limit ourselves to copying or aping political plans or systems. We.takée

our own specific conditions into consideration. On that basis we are obliged
to act in an experimental way, taking lessons, obviously, from all the
intelligent experiences in countries with conditions closest to ours. Even
so, our specific conditions require specific methods. It is on that basis
that we are thinking of carrying out our work. And at every moment we are
ready to review, correct and advance. Therefore, with practice, we are going
to be formulating our theory. And with that theory we will be practicing.

We are'working in that way and we think that because of the results ob-
tained, we must persevere.

8908 .
csO: 3442/283

18



cso:

3400/250

“they now have union

tights, which means pro-
tection. The old days are
over and mine manage-

* ments can now expect

workers to offerr resis-
tance to those who do
not want to listen to
blacks,

Although the Master
and Servants Act has

been repealed, some.

white miners still believe ;

in being called “baas” :

and black miners have ;

resisted this, Mr Rama-
phosa alleged.

“We will fight this and |

other injustices which

dehumanise our mem- :

bers, expecially under- :

ground. We are: aware
that some head offices
do not know of these in-
cidents.

Mr Ramaphosa said.
there will be further dis-
tuptions in the mines if
the managements did
not defuse the time
bomb — the arrogant
behaviour of white
minders undérground.

He announced that
the National Union of
Mineworkers is due to
start its annual negotia-
tions with the Chamber
of Mines. This year “we
have resolved to bring
the issue of job reserva;
tions to the round-
table.” ~

The Chamber has

held talks with white

unions on the issue and
have excluded us — the
very people whose prob-
lem needs to be solved.
If the chamber does not
meet our demands on
this issue then we shall
be forced to put ‘pres-
sure on them.

85

For far too long now,
he added, has this issue
been on the table and
the time is ripe that it be
abolished or the
Chamber will be forced’
by the Government to
introduce legislation on
it. “We cannot wait any
longer,” he said.

They wanted job res-
ervation to go in the
mines and the wage gap
to be narrowed. Wages
have been the major
source of strikes in the
mines and that is why
the union has been
blamed for being “trou-
ble-shooters.”

“This we deny as ab-
solute nonsense because

. black miners are lowly

paid. The mine industry
is reluctant to negotiate
with the union in. good
faith. :

Opposed

In answering a ques-
tion, Mr Ramaphosa
said his union was op-

. posed to the migratory

labour system and_ it
must be done away with.
However, this system
did not affect the
union’s membership.
The union has con-
nections with overseas
unions and was intend-
ing to spread its wings in
Lesotho, Botswana,
Swaziland. “We have
had difficulties in the so-

. called homelands, but

have trained shop stew-
ards in one “state.”

His union also has an
informal! relationship
with the Black Allied
Mining and Contsruc-
tion Workers Union.
“We have exchanged
ideas on some important
aspects but there is. no

*formalisation so far.”



‘ JPRS-SSA-~85-048

PLANS are far advanc-
ed for the establishment
of a barter-trade agree-
ment between Ghana
and Senegal for the ex-
change of parent stock
of fowls for cows.

Already. four hatcheries
which can meet the target
on request of the govern-
ment have sent their pro-
posals to the Ministry of

Agriculture for further ac-

cso

tion.
This was disclosed to

pressmen by Mr John O. -

Nunoo, Managing Direc-
tor of ACME Hatchery
Limited at Ofankor, near
Accra when the agricultu-
ral assessment team from
the Egyptian Internatio-

: 3400/2421

nal Centre for Agriculture ©

(BICA) visited his farm on
Monday.

‘The’ hatcheries each of
which will be expected to
provide 3,000 parent birds
:every month are Glamour
‘Farms, Pomadze Farms,
Darko Farms and ACME
Hatchery Ltd. :

Asked whether he will be
able to meet the require-
ment, Mr Nunoo further
hinted that he presently
has 15,000 parent stoc!
and about 1,400 grand-
parent-stack from which
40,000 parents can be. ob-
tained within tem laying
periods.

The Managing Director
who conducted newsmen
around said with the in-
Stallation of a new equip-
ment which are expected
to arrive soon, the hat-
chery by September, can

wocuce 80, to 100,000

roiler chicks every month

39

14 June 1985
GHANA
BARTER TRADE WITH SENEGAL TO COMMENCE ;
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 1 May 85 pp 1, 5
[article by Faustina Ashirifie]
[Text]
as against 40,000 chicks per

raonth last year. :

At the moment, ACME
Hatchery has started
dressing birds which are
sold at reasonable prices to
meet the pockets of majo-
rity of the people.
. The team ‘also went to
‘Ackom Farms where they
were conducted round by
the Farm Manager and the
Managing Director, Mr. E.
A. Ackom:

He told them that apart
from keeping a poultry, he

“has piggery, 40 acre citrus

farm, 30 acre oil-palm and
some vegetables and a la-
bour force of 130.

The delegation also had
the opportunity of visiting
Combined Farms Ltd.,
where the visitors for the
first time-walked through
pineapple farms while
Major Nsiah (rtd), Farm
Manager, explained the
cultivation procedure to
them.

At the Ghana Poultry
Feed Mills Ltd the Ma-
naging Director, Mr Felix:
Rrenya disclosed: that
though the production ca-
pacity is 96 tonnes, the mill
produces only 15 tonnes in
consonance with market
requirements,



vegetation is rather thick, such as on the borders of Angola and Mozanibique,
says the article.

A spokesman for Krygkor would not comment on the article.

8117
CS0:, 3401/171

80



The most important condition for the talks is that the National Party and the
government will not draw up a prescribed framework which can be accepted, re-
jected or amended. The black leaders are invited to come up with proposals
themselves. The goal is to work out a new arrangement together around the
table. We cannot imagine anything more fair and more just.

We understand the fears and misgivings of the black leaders, about their con-
cerns, about their image and influence. However, reform is a risky game for
all participants, to the same extent also for the whites.

The greater danger is that, through their hesitation, the responsible leaders
may cut off their own hands to the advantage of the advocates of violence.
They could, quicker and easier than is the case for the whites, become the
victims of the campaign of violence.

8463
CSO: 3401/116

57



NEGATIVE ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE EXPECTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 14 May 85 p 24

[Text]

A NEGATIVE econ-
omic growth rate is ex-
pected for 1985 with all
the main categories of
domestic démand, ex-
cept expenditure by
central Government,
likely to record sub-
stantial falls compared
with the corresponding
1984 figures, says the
latest edition of Bar-
clays Business Brief.

According to the Brief, r
the volatility of the.inter-

national financial mar-
kets, or a dramatic shift in
domestic economic poli-
cy, could change the like-
ly course of developments
‘in the South African

night

The mistimed and unsus-
tainable recovery of 1984
makes it probable that the
next year or even the next
few years will not yield a
great degree of growth or
any real sticcess in reduc-
ing inflation.

The Brief sees little
hope for any significant
appreciation of the rand
this year. Although the

dollar has weakened in «

recent weeks and can be

cs0; 3400/250

economy literally over-
it. il

expected to remain well
below its recent peak of
around 3,40 DM as inter-
est rates soften for thé
quarter or so, there seems
little chance of a dollar
collapse.

If US growth picks up
again later this year as is
expected, the dollar could
regain a substantial part

of its former strength.

The rand is therefore
unlikely to derive much
support from a dramat-
ically weaker dollar this
year,

The Brief nails the
large increases recorded
in real wages as the
reason for the inability to
increase the rate of em-
ployment or to reduce the
rate of unemployment in
the South African econ-
omy during the past two
business cycles.

This factor. has raised
the cost of labour relative
to that of capital which in-
duced business firms to
apbstitute capital for la-
bour which apparently
pushed up the “natural”
rate of unemployment to
a permanently higher le-
vel.

81

JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

* Total real capital stock
employed in the non-agri- |
cultural. sectors of the
economy increased by 78
percent over the 11-year
period as against an in-
crease of only 26 percent
in total employment, indi-
cating a substitution of
capital for labour on a sig-
nificant scale.

Main reason for the
economy’s failure to pro-
duce a more satisfactory
rate of employment over
past decade was a
general shortfall in total
demand. This can be seen
in the under-utilisation of
production capacity in the
manufacturing industry.

The rising trend in in-
“terest rates during the
period probably contrib-
uted to the generally de-
pressed state of total de-
mand as this adversely af-
fected the new investment ‘
constituent of total de-
, mand in the economy, the

Brief states.

Rising interest rates
were accompanied by the
high and rising inflation
.fate. recorded over the
period for which the inef-
fectual economic stabili-
sation policy is largely to
be blamed.


CURRENT ISSUE EXCHANGE INITIATED WITH LIBYA, BENIN, BURKINO FASO

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 29 Apr 85 pp 1, 8

{article by Tetteh

[Text]

FOUR African countries have unanimously agre
to exchange information and harmonise their po:

Quaynor]

tions on current burning issues facing them while
reinforcing economic co-operation among them.

‘The four countries are Ghana,
the People’s Arab Libyan Social
.'The Heads of State of the fo

Rawlings of Ghana, Captain Thomas Sankara of Burl

, Burkina Faso, Renin and
Jamahiriya.
countries, Flt-Lt.

ya

Faso, President Mathieu Kerekou of Benin and Colonel

Muamar Gaddafi of |.ibya, who

was represented by Major

Abdessalom Jaloud, Libyan Chief of Staff, reached this

agreement when they met in

Ouagadougou, capital of

‘Burkina Faso, ‘at the week-end to discuss economic
co-operation and strengthen understanding among their

countries and peoples.
"The four leaders examined
international economic crisis

roblems posed by the

ith particular attention to

the harmful effects of drought in Burkina Faso.
Ina communique issued after the meeting, the Heads of
State and Revolutionary Governments reviewed in broad

terms certain world problems.

Regarding the problems of the African continent, the

heads denounce
condemned the imperialist pows

the odious system of apartheid and

ers which co-operate with

and support this ignominous regime.

Reaffirming their revolutionary solidarity with the.
Freedom Fighters of Namibia whose sole representative is
the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO),

the four countries also suppor
African Unity’s (OAU) decisions concerning the just and

rted the Organisation of

definitive solution of the conflict of the Western Sahara,
They moreover declared their total support for the

conclusions of the ministerial meeting of the Non-Aligned -

Movement held in New Delhi

CSO: 3400/244

from April 19 to 21 1985

26

concerning the condemnation of the creation of aso.

JPRS-SSA~85-048
14-June 1985

GHANA

called Provisional Transitional Government in Namibia *
and reaffirmed their support for the OAU decision to call

‘for a Security Council meeting on the issue.

‘The four leaders and their governments also Supported
:OAU resolutions on Chad and invited all the factions in
Chau to co-operate in the implementation of these

‘resolutions.

Examining the situation
created in the Middle East
by the expansionist. and
aggressive Zionist State

and its imperialist allies, :

the four states deplored
the consequences which
the ation has had on
peace in that region.
. They reaffirmed their
conviction that only the
unconditional and total
withdrawal of Israel from
the region it occupies and
the recognition of the ina-
lienable and legitimate na4
tional rights of the Pale-
stinian people ure a
stable peace in that part of
the world, :
‘These international pro-
s, the meeting consi-
re created by im-
perialism and they there-
declared their detes
» everything
ts resolutely fight against
imperi all its forms.



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

ANGOLA

IMPASSE WITH SOUTH AFRICA REGARDING NAMIBIAN INDEPENDENCE
Lisbon EXPRESSO in Portuguese 20 Apr 85 p 11
{Article by Benjamim Formigo and Alves Gomes]

[Text] Four countries belonging to the Contact Group met secretly in, Ottawa,
Canada on Friday of last week and warned South Africa in advance that any. so-
lutions for Namibia that did not comply with UN Resolution 435 would be in-
valid.

Great Britain, the United States, Canada, and the FRG--France, originally a
member of the group, having backed out--met at the end of last week to examine
the impasse reached in the talks between Angola and South Africa and also.to
analyze the transitional government in Namibia that is being planned in de-
fiance of UN Resolution 435.

The four countries informed the Pretoria government that they regarded as
totally unacceptable any solution other than that approved by the UN in 1978--
which demands Namibia's independence and the holding of elections under inter-
national supervision on the basis of one man, one vote, with participation by
SWAPO.

Those efforts proved fruitless. The South African Government rejected the
pressures in question and announced on Thursday of this week that a transitional
government would be set up in Windhoek. The administration favored by Pretoria
includes only members of the Multiparty Conference (MPC) and excludes SWAPO,
which has been struggling for 18 years against South African domination of
Namibian territory. .

The announced transitional government will be dependent on Pretoria in matters
of foreign policy, defense, and security, and the legislation it passes will
have to be approved by the territory's general administrator as the direct rep-
resentative of the South African Government. :

That solution, which was rejected immediately by Great Britain-:and later by the
United States, was also rejected by the Nonaligned Movement, which devoted the
meeting on Thursday by its ministers of foreign affairs to Namibia.



JPRS-SSA-85~048

14 June 1985
GHANA
CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT TO UNDERGO SHAKE-UP
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 3 May 85 pp 1, 5
[Text] -
THE Comptroller of Cu- ‘fences. _ ; rate insertion of figures on, FMP) ve ana,
Sisminsed four officers Y.olst Koh Owase adel “*ommph Ade Darko, ase. 48 Aid, and David No

who disre jarded de-
partment ions:
which led to the remo-
val of several contain-
ere from warehouses re-
sulting in substantial
evasion of taxes.

In a press release issued
in Accra last night, Mr Ato

Dadzie, Secretary at the
PNDC Secretariat, named

‘the four as Thomas i

Amoah-! Mensah, Cooper
Kwateng S K. Abotsie
and William Emmanuel

~Antwi Agyei.

Nii Lante-Bruce-and
Walton K. Pinkra Derby,
two senior inspectors who
neglected to supervise ju-
nior officers, have also
been retired from the ser-
vice, the release said.

Twenty-six other cu-
stoms personnel have also
been dismissed for their
involvement in various of-

CSO; 3400/2412

and Emmanuel Otchere,
junior customs and excise’
officers, who have been
dismissed. on charges of.

falsification of’ receipt.
oks, 7 :

The ‘following assistant
customs and excise offic-
ers, who have also been
dismissed on the same
charges, include Michaet
A. Aboagye, Benjamin A.
Ofosu; Joseph Anguah-
Anane, Ebenezer M. Djan
and | MacGat N, A. Frim-

Potbrahim Sasu-Mensah, a.
junior customs officer, was
charged with preparation
of incorrect landing ac-
count books, -

Godfrey B. Afful and
Gustarus A. Garshong, ju-
nior customs officers, were

th dismissed ‘for inaccu- .

41

nior ‘collector and Cletus
Selu Nabase, a grade II
typist, were also

for or embezzlement "ot sala-

Bivarist D. Dery, an as-
sistant arene was
dismissed for release
of seized foods while two
assistant customs officers,
Ghans-Lartey and ‘Osman
R. Abu, were charged with;
falsification of the deputy
com eroller's signature

lsification of PBDR

Dagks respectively.
Scores Neeeal, 0 Giese, on ose
stant,
ed with unauthorised re-
moval of’ uncustomed
goods, while Kwabena K.
jppong, a customs officer,
was punished for accep-
tance of illegal tips.
A senior collector, Nat-
haniel Odainkey, was
dismissed for the latter of--

takor, all assistant cu-
‘stoms officers, lost their
jobs for aiding importers to
evade tax.

S. Adjei-Attuah, an assi-
stant inspector, was
dismissed for embezzle-
ment of state revenue; E.
B, M. Amponsah, customs
officer for demanding im-
moral

Both Seth Nartey, a
trainee junior customs of-
ficer ‘and Theophylus
Boye, an assistant ac-
counts officer, were
dismissed for forgery of
bank 3 stamps, the release

Any member of ‘the | pu-
blic ‘who has knowledge of
any property which cannot
be accounted for by any
customs officer should re-
port to the Commissioner
of Police C.1.D. or the
Comptroller of Customs

cise, the rélease re-
quested.


JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

OAU'S.ONU ON WEST'S MORAL OBLIGATION TOWARD AFRICA
AB191356 Paris AFP in French 0836 GMT 18 May 85

[Text] Gaborone, 18 May (AFP)--Western countries are "morally" bound to
pay for the riches they looted from Africa during the colonial era by giving
food aid to the countries affected by the drought, acting OAU Secretary
General Peter Onu stated Friday.

Mr Onu, who arrived in Botswana on Wednesday, stated at a press conference
that the West's economic power was acquired from the cheap labor offered it
by the thousands of blacks it had sent away as slaves.

Concerning South Africa, Mr Onu stated that the OAU has adopted "an important
strategy" in order to free that country from the domination of the "white
minority," but refused to say more about it in order not to inform "the
enemy" beforehand.

Mr Onu, who was on the last leg of a four-nation tour of Angola, Mozambique,

Lesotho, and Botswana in order to assess the effects of the drought, had to
return to Addis Ababa on Friday night.

cso: 3400/275



JPRS-SSA-~85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

COOPERATION BETWEEN UNIONS, CDRS URGED

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 30 Apr 85 p 1

[Text]

cso.

THE Office of the Political Counsellor for the
Economic Development of the CDRs has expressed
its unflinching solidarity with the working people
of the country. . .

In a statement issued in Accra yesterday in connection
with this year's May Day, the Political Counsellor
impressed upon workers the crucial need for co-operation
and the fostering of cordial relationship between the
CDRs and local unions at the various workplaces.

The statement emphasised that at this juncture of the
national: history uf the country when genuine and
concerted efforts are being made by the revolution to
establish true industrial democracy, “the dissipation of
our energies through futile strife among ourselves
counter-productive and consequently against the spirit of
the on-going process and our nation.” :

It, therefore, called upon the Trades Union Congress

(TUC) to extend its umbrella to all workers in the .transnational capital and our country. Neither

sectors “who have so far not

factories and construc

+ .3400/243

35

been able to enjoy the constructive benefits of unionixa-
tion.”

‘The statement further called upon thie TUC to initiate
serious process of democratisation into the practice of
collective bargaining.

The call, the Political Counsellor explained, is being
made in the belief that “the more working people
allowed to participate in and discuss available alternati-
ves, the more they will be committed to the agreement so
signed through their own involvement and in the process
demystify the process of collective bargaining.

The Political Counsellor also called upon workers to
soberly reflect on the struggle to attain economic eman-
cipation and ask themselves if they have been faithful to
the country in their work output.” .

“Let us remember that it is not just enough to deplore
the exploitative character of the relationship between

enough to criticise the role of multinational corporations
and the policies of the IMF and the World Rank. Our
problems shall not disappear merely by condemning their
existence,” the statement said.

He made it plain that Ghanai titute the,
reference points of whatever development ar progress
they made and as such it behoves on all workers to Join
hands with the PNDC to create the basis for sustained
economic growth by making judicious yse of the count
limited resources.

He reminded the workers that without production,
wealth could not be generated and that the qu
how to share or utilize it would become merely aca
and illusory,

sions and sigi
working people and
such people esi he people of South Africa and
Namibia who are fighting to liberate themselves
inhuman apartheid regime in Pretoria



However, opposition in another sense, in the European sense, is something. we
deny because we avoid copying other systems blindly, without taking our own
situation into account.

We have one’ objective situation, we seek:to act according’to that situation,
and we are about to make a. reality: of an-experience of instituting. democracy
in our country in-which the field. will be open to all: people of Cape Verde
to express themselves ‘pursuant ito’ the prerogatives conferred’ upon them by our
constitution. We created the conditions for the broadest.:possible partici-
pation by all. citizens in public life’ of the country and we think. conditions
are. also created so that all trends of thought can be expressed and‘ demon-
strated.

“We received the ETA for. humanitarian. reasons"

O JORNAL: Cape Verde has received some members of the ETA’ [Basque Fatherland
and Liberty Group], who were deported by the Spanish Government, into its
territory. That fact caused some surprise in Portugal and Spain.

Mr President, why did you.accept the deported Basque guerrillas?

Aristides Pereira: We received those members of the ETA mainly’ because of
humanitarian reasons. It is not.up to us to judge the justice or lack of
justice of the Basque struggle, or at least ofthat sector of the Basque
population. However, we think that on-the ‘basis of the experiences we have
from our own'.national: liberation,’ we should have taken*them in for humani-
tarian reasons. It was on the ‘basis of. that:criteria’ that we adopted that
decision. It is.also because of the good’ relations existing between ‘our
government’ and the Spanish Government.

"Cape Verde -is not for sale”

O JORNAL: . At the time of the deportation of the -Basque.refugees, the
Portuguese ‘press: spoke of Spanish reprisals against Cape Verde.

Was there actually a Spanish reprisal.on the-level of bilateral cooperation?

Aristides Pereira: It is necessary to say that I consider~-and: I ‘am not
referring to you--the. question offensive, not so say insulting..:.It directly
affects the dignity of a sovereign country and also of people who ‘are not
for sale. We-are proud to be people who are not for sale. Cape Verde is
not for. sale.

To base matters,on the principle that Cape Verde could only adopt measures
such as that’ only.on the basis’ of reciprocity--whatever it could be--that
would be something almost insulting, which we reject. I. must say that. this
political. decision’ was adopted with full sovereignty and on the basis. of
principles we follow regardless: of the type of reciprocity. We consider any
proposal of that’ type an insult.

14



transforming force of any society. After mentioning youth's role in the
present stage of the Angolan revolution, he appealed to future FAPLA [Armed
Forces of the People's Liberation of Angola] to honor the person of the heroic
Commander Hoji-Ya-Henda, symbol of Angolan youth. -In their turn, the recruit
candidates declared themselves ready to defend Agostinho Neto's country and to
close ranks around President Jose Eduardo dos Santos and the central committee
of the MPLA [People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola] Labor Party.
Meanwhile, the Political Commissioner of the Kwanza-Norte CRM (Revolutionary
Committee of the Militia), Lieutenant Salvador confirmed to ANGOP [Angola News
Agency] that the recruitment plan for the province had been met since youth's
allegiance to their presence in the FAPLA military service has become more and
more evident. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 11 Apr 85 p 2]
8870

FISHING INDUSTRY DIFFICULTIES DESCRIBED-~Angolan Minister of Fishing Emilio
Guerra said in Benguela that the outmoded condition of a large number of
vessels and the tardiness of their repairs together with the lack of spare
parts hinder any continued work in this sector. Emilio Guerra, who spoke at
the opening meeting of the Ninth Advisory Council of his Ministry, which has
been in session since the morning of day before yesterday in this city, showed
his concern with these matters which became evident about 2 years ago in
Kwanza-Sul Province. He made it clear that the constant erosion of the
coastline is considered of great concern. During the two working days, the
Advisory Council of the Ministry of Fishing is going to analyze the report of
activities developed during 1984 and plan new undertakings. To this proposal,
Emilio Guerra recommended that the meeting should study the mistakes made and
suggest more realistic and practical ways which make possible the
materialization of definite directions by the party and government. National
leaders, delegates, provincial administrators and other officials on various
levels of the Ministry of Fishing are participating in the activities. It is
noted that in addition to those invited to the opening session, Alexandrino
Silva, the Provincial Deputy Commissioner of Benguela, was present. [Text]
[Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 11 Apr 85 p 3] 8870

3442/274



Developments in Namibia Seen as Positive Step
(DIE TRANSVALER, 23 Apr 85; DIE VOLKSBLAD, 19 Apr 85)....

Opportunity for Southwest Africa, Editorial
International Reaction, Editorial

Commentary on Recent Apartheid Reforms
(DIE TRANSVALER, 13 May 85; BEELD, 13 May 85)...sseseeees

Pace of. Reform, Editorial
Influx Control Revision, Editorial

Conservative Attitude on White Identity Attacked
(Editorial; DIE TRANSVALER, 26 Apr 85)...ccccccececcceses

Newspaper Promises To Lead Fight Against Oppenheimer
(DIE AFRIKANER, .24 Apr 85)...csecccccceccsccccvcccscseves

Rector Sees Integration of University as Going Smoothly
(DIE VOLKSBLAD, 29 Apr 85)..cecceccceccceccevcceccteeees

Admission Fees to Mixed Beaches Proposed
(DIE BEELD, 27 Apr 85)eccsceceececcvccececcucseseeeecesee

Van der Merwe's Document on Blacks Analyzed
(Paul Bell; BUSINESS DAY, 9 May 85)..sescseccsececerceeee

Heunis Sets 1988 as Final Date for Municipal Elections
(THE STAR, 10 May sy

Unity Among Blacks Will Reduce Killing But Endanger Nation
(DIE BURGER, 9 May 85).scceccecscceccscesceccececeveusoes

Diversification of Policies According to Area Praised
(DIE BURGER, 8 May 85)..esccseceeccevecaeeccesccesecesces

Status of Ekangala Versus Kwandebele Discussed
(BEELD, 26 Apr B5)eccccceucceccsccctenceeeseeescseeeeeces

Military Buildup of Neighbor Countries Continues
(BEELD, 30 Apr 85).cesecececerccercrecscssctecnsseceeeses

Armed Forces Acquire Néw Weapons
(DIE BURGER, 9 May 85)...ccesccecceeccceeccececerseneeees

Negative Economic Growth Rate Expected
(THE CITIZEN, 14 May 85).cceceescceccrcecencescccuceseece

Corn Growers Unhappy About Government Price Policy
(Editorial; BEELD, 30 Apr 85)...ccceccecccecerccerececece

59

59

60

61

61

62

63

64

65

67

69

71

72

73

74

77

79

81

82


PLANS

Identifying problems and bleating about them is clearly not
sufficient. The following plans are in motion:

FINANCE
To maintain Institute expenditure as low as possible. In the

immediate, staffing will be kept skeletal; we have sublet a ,,

portion of our premises and all possible steps-are being taken
to reduce daily expenses without dropping quality of service
too significantly. The Board of Trustees imposed a levy o1
members which has raised R30 000. Although a disappoint

sponded so promptly — the sum is significant enough to mak
the difference between a surplus and deficit in the budget.

:participation from labour and management occurs
:can only be the consequence of a desire by these parties to

significant to IR in this country: disclosure of information, the
tight to strike, disinvestment, collective bargaining structures
and procedures, technological innovation, legislative
changes, productivity and economic growth need to be ad-
dressed. If the Institute is to become a vehicle for joint labour-
managment statements and guidelines, it requires reshap-
ing. The Director cannot by himself make joint iabour-rhanag-
‘ment decisions or.statements. This can only occu closer

ind this

ave an institute and make use of it in this way. Ii, this ele-

. -ment is missing then major questions surround the very exist-
ing response, grateful thanks are expressed to those who re- :,

ice of the organisation. Our current mode of existence is
not viable in any ongoing sense — in terms of goals, activities,

-finance or participation.

Approaches have been made to various sources of funds: In order to: bring about a change in this area, a special

to subsidise loss-making activities and attempts will be made
to establish a funding base broad enough to prevent accusa:
tions of “ownership” by a particular source.

Finally, ongoing training and seminars should provide in-
come. Although booked to budget levels, sweeping cancella-

rking affairs/action focus will be introduced as part of the
inctions of the executive committee. Its task will be to meet

iwith the staff of the Institute, to address current concerns, de-

velop labour-management guidelines where possible and to
participate in the organisation and running of seminars on

tions early in the year have made matters more than a little current issues. If we are to move from the periphery of | R

uncertain in this area.

TRAINING

Training courses are being updated, new courses have been
devised and external experts more closely involved in their
presentation. Every opportunity will be made to keep our-
selves in the public eye in this respect. During the course of
the year we hope to establish a panel of accredited institute
trainers to present various of our courses and hopefully to al-
leviate some of the pressures experienced by our staff.

CLOSER LIAISON WITH LABOUR AND MANAGEMENT

To reduce the distancing process already discussed, closer
involvement with our membership is required. Certain issues

CSO; 3400/250

back into a more central, proactive role members must
breathe life into the organisation. Clearly the organisation will
not make a meaningful contribution if it is left to an isolated
staff with limited resources and an ongoing financial crisis to
make all the running.

x In conclusion | am fully aware of the fact that we are in a

recession ~ this fact more than any other has precipitated the
need to revise the Institute’s objectives and functioning. This
cannot be done in isolation or as a one-off exercise, nor canit
be done without active participation by its members. The In-
stitute could grind to a halt if obliged to continue in its current
fashion — definite action steps are required. If the towel is to
be thrown in, it will not be from within the Institute, but by its,
membership.

105



JPRS~SSA~85-048 |
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA”

NEWSPAPER PROMISES TO LEAD FIGHT AGAINST OPPENHEIMER
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 24 Apr 85 p 6
{Article: "Harry Oppenheimer Enters Politics"]

[Text] Mr Harry Oppenheimer has given up his cautiousness of many years'
standing and stepped into the political arena with a hard slap in the face of

the Afrikaner people.

It is really unbelievable and incomprehensible that he dared to label the con-
servative Afrikaners as the "lunatic fringe" -- a small handful of fools or

idiots!

In due course we will go more deeply into certain aspects of Mr Oppenheimer's
business interests, especially in the past, but for now we would like to say
that Mr Oppenheimer certainly sees himself as the person who will run the
NP/PFP [National Party/Progressive Federal Party] coalition.

Meanwhile we have heard from diamond circles that a good deal of South Africa's
diamond supplies have been stored in London and that, in all probability, the
South African taxpayer will be saddled with the payment of the high interest
rate on the high diamond prices as a result of the weak rand. At the same
time it would seem that the South African diamond supplies have been revalued
against the new dollar price which increased the interest even further, Who
the interest will be paid to is not clear at this time. Is it perhaps to one
of the group's financing bodies abroad? Or is the interest paid only on the
mining costs of diamonds? .Will De Beers in the meantime sell only its heaped
up South African supplies and will we really get the full price for it? In
the final analysis, diamond prices (expressed in rand) have nearly doubled.
Will newly mined diamonds be withheld for the time being so that there will be
cooperation in the foreign currency shortage? (Which the big monetary powers
can use to their advantage by allowing the rand to weaken).

We have heard quite a number of rumors which sound credible and there can be
no question of "craziness" if we ask the Oppenheimer group to inform readers
of DIE AFRIKANER whether the rumors are true or untrue.

If the Oppenheimer group does not react, it would seem to us that it will be
nmecessary for the government itself to intervene in those matters in order to
reassure the taxpayers that everything is right with the handling of the
country's mineral wealth.

8463 64
CSO: 3401/162



JPRS-SSA~85~048
14 June 1985

CAPE VERDE

ARISTIDES PEREIRA DESCRIBED AS HUMANIST.
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 19 Apr 85 p 20
[Article by Antonio Duarte: “Aristides Pereira: Profile. of .a Humanist"]

[Text] The young: of Cape Verde refer to their president with a word of
affection: "Uncle." Comrades and friends of the Cape:Verde leader empha-
size his human nature, openness of spirit, Africanness of blood and diplo-
macy of .actions.

He is 61 years of age and the dean of the presidents of the Group’of Five:
He is Aristides Maria Pereira. A native of the’ Island’ of Boa Vista, he is
the youngest of 14 children born'to.a poor family, Married:to Carolina
Fortes Pereira,: the Cape Verde. president’ has three children and -is a
practicing Catholic. He devotes.a good part of his time to his’family and
despite ‘his introverted temperament, he likes’ to meet ‘with persons close to
him for whom he plays the violin and. guitar (they say he plays: with mastery).

Aristides: Pereira, who ‘has a. summer house on the beach on the outskirts of
the Capé Verde capital, spends the rest of his free ‘time-swimming and play-
ing tennis. .The interview with the Cape Verde president published today by
0 JORNAL,, took place at. the Peoples Palace in Sao Vicente,-island on which
Aristides Pereira spent’ Easter with relatives.

It was in Sao.Vicente that Aristides Pereira went to highschool and he has
happy memories . of his youth on this island.

When he ‘finished his’ studies at the Mindelo High: School he wanted to study
medicine but’ family poverty and the need to contribute tothe. support of
his 13 other brothers and: sisters forced him to go to’ work. While very
young he emigrated to Guinea Bissau and in the Guinean’ capital he became a
radio-telegraph technician.

It was in.Guinea Bissau that Aristides Pereira came into contact with the
colonial reality and he began clandestine political activity’at that time.
In 1956 he was appointed chief of the Mail and’ Telegraph Office of Bissau,
at the. same time that together with Amilcar Cabral and Luis :Cabral he
founded ‘the African Party forthe Independence of Guinea Bissau ‘and Cape
Verde (PAIGC). The PAIGC was.also born in the state house: which served as a
residence for Aristides Pereira at 16-A Dr Viera Machado Street in Bissau.

19°


Portuguese Antiguerrilla Tactics

UNITA's main card since the start of the antigovernment guerrilla warfare has
been FAPLA's technical dependence on Soviet military advisers.

Large units supported by armor and aircraft were thrown into the battle against
the guerrillas, but those methods proved to be completely ineffective and al~
lowed the movement to infiltrate traditionally strong MPLA areas.

The tactics used by FAPLA apparently began to change with the return of Iko
Carreira--a report that we have been unable to confirm-~and the presence of
Portuguese military advisers. FAPLA then adopted the antiguerrilla methods
used by the Portuguese Army, with an emphasis on small combat groups that are
extremely mobile, transported by helicopter, and supported by armed helicopters:
"a highly efficient weapon," according to the same former Portuguese officer.

Major Farrusco's commandos were sent into the area around Luanda, which they
cleaned up, and they then moved into the Malange region, where they did the
same. UNITA reportedly was then forced to pull back to its original positions,
where it has considerable freedom of movement.

In addition, FAPLA established important defenses on the perimeter of geo-
graphically favorable zones, from where it was able to resist the South Afri-
can advance in December 1983 and the constant air attacks by Pretoria.

War Effort

Since Luanda is making a sizable war effort on the economic, political, and
social levels, the country's economy has not been progressing as one would ex-
pect, in view of its resources. The arrival of technicians from East Europe,
who. were unfamiliar with Africa, did not have any positive effects. "It was

on the basis of their mistakes that the new Angolan cadres, who had been trained
in the meantime, were able to restart part of the economy," says a former Por-
tuguese cooperant who has recently returned. Foreign technicians also changed
their’ attitude and converted Angolan agriculture back to its traditional ways.

The’ Luanda government has launched an intensive program of support for agricul-
tural development in recent years, and some results can already'be seen. The
areas must be kept under constant surveillance by FAPLA, however, to prevent
attacks by UNITA.

Coffee production has risen again, It is estimated that last year's exports
totaled 40,000 tons following the lessons learned from the collapse of the
state-owned ENCAFE [National Coffee Company], which was established shortly
after independence. Coffée is produced principally by small growers, and about
300,000 families currently work on the plantations.

Another important source of revenue is petroleum, production of which should
total 18,5 million barrels this year, Cabinda Gulf, which paid the Angolan
Government in advance for all production in 1985 and the first half of 1986--
thus enabling the government of Jose Eduardo dos Santos to obtain currency



FUTURE DEMOCRATIC ORDER DISCUSSED

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 10 May 85 pp 3, 5

{Article by Kojo Yankah]

[Text]

FOR obvious rea-
sons, the past three
years -have been

devoted mainly to’

discuss on the na-
tional economic re-

cover: which.
a ce

woul rtainly
rovide the fou:
lation for the esta.

blishment. of real

social justice.

As was: stated on May
Days by the S Adviser
, “social. ju-
tice ee ne be built upon
a shattered economy”.

Yet, hints have already
been dropped on the kind
of future political. order
which woul ify one of
the main objectives of the
31st December Revolution
— the involvement of the

ple in the-practice of

decision-
Emotionalism

If we strip all. discussion
of this subject of emotio-
nalism and sentimenta-
lism, we would, ieve,
be arriving at @ system
that would not only ensure
stability but would also
give real freedom to the
individual.

The leader’of the Reyo-.
lution, Brother Jerry John.
Rawlings, has.on several.
igey of dempoeacy ing tn

cy oF

the ballot box. ‘The Natio-
nal Commission for De-
mocracy (NDC) has also

been charged with th finding: i
a Sranewerk that. woul
guarantee every citizen, the.
iene to. participation in-
decision-making.

the old ystems visa via the
claims. to democracy and

‘also to euggest a framelook
that may considered by

those in seeing
gil Ghansiane ruling
that.

themselves, joey
enguring A ‘GOVER.

MENT OF THE PEOPLE
BY T THE P PEOPLE in its

oro paganda has suc-
cveded tora great extent in
making us believe that be-
cause ca ep eae car ox:

mete inde

gave way’ -to parliaments.
And, [ again, as.a result of

A fe pepegende HUMAN.

gave. - up
bar ‘God-given. rights and
handed them. over-to par-
liamentarians. We gave up
our FREEDOM TO BE.

_CP.P..

It is difficult to imagine
what’ would have een
ed to the CPP if Dr
mah’s government had not
been overthrown in 1966.
By 1966, the party Central
Committee was alienat
from the rank and: file of

24

the part ty, not to talk of the
miass of the people. Any,
-articulate Ghanaian oppo-
sition, member was ‘a de-
ctared enemy.

.. Opportunism, graft, gre-
ed and a corruption of the
esseride of true socialism

were the. order.of.the day.

“The various. commissions.
of enquiry after Nkru-
mah’s overthrow provide

are

clear evidences.

Military regimes have
ended up.not only making
some senior army officials.
rich, but have put fear in:
the people, making moe-
kery of true democracy.
Acheampong's version is a

. different story.

Parliaments under Bu-
sia and Limann regimes
were more of a disaster. I.
am yet to meet a parlia-
mentarian who ever went
back to his constituency to
seek their opinion over a
major issue. One parlia-
ment, 3)

banning of

eccther spent 14 hours
proseribing othe use of:
ykramah’s name ‘on

r latforms, among others.
an :

another parliament,

three months or so were

8 pont ‘on: determining

rights and. privileg yf

parliamentarians. —-at a

time when th the econ ‘omy
was, s fast head ing tow:

That at parties divide a.
take decisions

nt 17 hours to to»

_ Jority has been the practice

of the past. If the question

‘Tsikata from

JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

of Preventive Detention
Act: had: thrown to.
the people to decide, I am
gure | the result would have

baste iteren ita the people
had been’ sk deter-
tine whether or not
Nkrumieh’s name and effi-
3 should: be erased, the

on could. have:been

different
. To say that parties and

parliamentary domgcra-
in Ghana:

and: most: parts. ‘of Africa
“does. not validate in any
way. the democracies in-
other. countries.

Condorcet-.

The quotation by Capt,
a french De-

defend ‘your ideas, but be-
you approved. of

“If Ronald ‘Reagan had-
aeloniged to another side of
Europe he would be called
a dietator or authoritariai
Against, the wishes of con.
pees and large numbers of”

American people: he has-
decided. that the-popular
revolution of: Nicaragua

* should be brought down its:
knees. _

inst similar popular

n_ of Jews, Congress -

ona war ‘veterans, Ronald
Reagan has gone on to visit"
the cemetery of Nazi vie-

‘in; Western DEMO-
PACTS have defied po-
pular opinion not to allow
Installation of deadly:SS.



JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

PHASE ONE OF KHAYALITSHA DEVELOPMENT COMPLETED
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5 May 85 p 11
{article by Ciaran Ryan]

[Text] - conditions at Crossroads can’

PHASE 1 of the Khaya-
litsha township devel-
opment near Cape
Town has been com-
pleted in only 37 weeks
at a cost of R95-million.
nats 5000 houses ne a
three aor contractors:
Wimpey, Besterecta and
Murray & Roberts.

An estimated 2000 fam-
ilies have moved into Khaya-
litsha from the nearby Cross-
"Oftne nex pase of devel
ment is expected to start ee

er this and will cost
Ruto-miftion.

R20 rent

Khayalitsha will ultimate-
Meg Cone
iwelli /Om-

of the ‘ownshi

ip will

Sccupsate t houses at

rent at

R20 a month compared with
economic

’ Landscaping

Controversy has arisen
over what some critics call
the bleak and windswept site
chosen for Khayalitsha near
False ‘Bay, 35km from Cape

‘own.
‘The Western Cape Admini-
stration Board replies that

93

no lonj tolerated and
that Ricvanishe is the only
available site large enough to
accommodate: 256 000 people.

Each house has two rooms
covering an area of 27m‘ and
gach ‘ and covers 80m".

al represents a

rire from the familiar

our-by-four, row-on-row

housing developments that
have characterised black
itownships.

Urban designer VZS Con-
sultants says each unit can be
extended in a variety of ways
at ttle inconvenience or ex-
pense occupant.

Tony van der S| muy, of VZS,
told : ness mes: the
townshi al
and walkways’ and Remi:
be being spent on, land-
seal lesson
mistakes in black township

ing helped in the urban
of Khayalitsha.”

Four towns

centra Lae ar
complete,

drawback of black township
design in the has been
the absence of commercial

centres, underlining their

itory nature,

The houses will sell for
about R13000 when 99-year
leasehold rights are granted
later this year. Emple
and building societies will be
asked to help workers to buy
tein hat to be

appears

recognition off the semi-per-
manence of squatters, up to
6 880 “illegal” families will.
also be accommodated in
Khayalitsha in tents on con-
erete blocks. But that is in-
sufficient for the estimated
20000 “illegal” families at
Crossroads.



INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY FOR MAJOR OVERHAUL OUTLINED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 Mar 85 p 22

[Article by Keith Abendroth]

(Text]

SOUTH Africa’s in-
dustrial development
strategy is to be over-
hauled. Particular ‘at-
tention will be given to
secondary _ industries
and export promotion.

A White Paper outlin-
ing a more streamlined
approach to Industrial de-
velopment was tabled in
Parliament yesterday by
the Minister of Trade and
Industry, Dr Dawie de
Villiers.

The motivation for the
new strategy, the Govern-
ment noted, was that real
gross domestic product in
the decade up to 1983 had -
averaged 2,6 percent — ;
almost half the figure an-
ticipated. !

Major role

The Government said
that to meet the required
growth, it was the manu-
facturing industry in par- :
ticular which would have
to play a major role in
cteating jobs and improv-
ing productivity and com- ;
petitiveness. b

Dr De Villiers told The !
Citizen in an interview he {
would invite formal nomi- |
nations for appointment |
to a new advisory body to |
be set up. H

incentives ~~

He said that the new

move was closely linked ;

with steps to consider -

._existing export and pro-

duction incentives — and
to make them more cost
effective,

Incentives would be im-
proved and streamlined,
tailored to various sectors
— and “not just to put
money into pockets.”

The ite Paper
stresses the encourage-
ment of secondary indus-
trial development
through improved pro-
ductivity and export pro-
motion.

It emphasises the im-
portarice the Government
attaches to continued in-
dustrial development for
the creation of jobs and
the improvement of living
standards, and the gener-
al welfare of the country’s
population as a whole.

Corisultation

Dr De Villiers said that
the maintenance and ex-
pansion of foreign mar-
kets was regarded as one
of the most important fac-
tors to increase the de-
mand for industrial goods
— and thus facilitate the

growth of secondary in-
* dustry. *

86

~~ Already the Goveri-

ment, in consultation with

« the private sector, was re-.

viewing the existing ex-
port incentives to make
them more effective.

This would be linked
with a special strategy to
bring about better co-or-
dination between import
replacement and export
promotion.

In this, the Govern-
ment would make more
studies of growth and ex-
port potentials on a secto-
ral basis — to be able bet-
ter to handle specific
problems and needs of
particular sectors.

However, he said that
the strong emphasis on
exports did not mean that
domestic demand for
goods and services was
being disregarded by the
government as a further
possibility to promote In-
dustrial growth.

Protection
The Government ac-

cepted that industrial de-
velopment in South Afri-

ca was not possible with- _

out protection — “the
Government states clear-
ly that it has never es-
poused any so called ‘free
trade’ policy,” said Dr De
Villiers. :

JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

~~ SOUTH AFRICA

Successive South Afri- |
tan governments had sub-
scribed to the principle of
industrial protection for
more than 60 years and
very high protection was
sometimes given against

disruptive competition
from imports.
The White Paper

. Stressed the importance

of the gradual and sys-
tematic changeover from
quantitive import restric-
tions to tariff protection
— a process which had
been under way since
1972.

This was designed to
create more competitive
market conditions and to
enable local industry to
adapt to them. .

Special attention would

be given to the more pro-
ductive utilisation of the
country’s available _re-
sources. Particular stress”
was laid on the import-
ance of technology for the
country’s further industri-
al development, in addit-
jon to the steps taken to
improve and adapt educa-
tion and training systems.

Information
Action to be taken in-
cluded the establishment
of a central information
setvice in the Department


immediately--has decided to invest $100 million annually in offshore explora-
tion in Cabinda Province,

Fishing is another sector in which the Luanda government is trying to invest.
This year's catch should show a considerable increase following the acquisition
of 37 fishing boats from Spain last year. Since 1982, the annual catch has
totaled between 90,000 and 100,000 tons, or less than one-third of what it was
before independence. It should be recalled that. after 1975, most of the Por-
tuguese fishermen chose to move to South Africa or return to Portugal.

However, the Angolan fishing fleet must face strong competition from the Soviet
vessels that operate in its exclusive economic zone using the most advanced
fishing technology in the world.

11798
CSO: 3442/282



FOREIGN MILLIONS POUR IN TO OFFSET DISINVESTMENT COUNTER :

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5 May 85 p 7

[Article by Ciaran Ryan]

[Text]

WHILE multinational companies are fielding
calls to pull out of South Africa, a Johannes-
burg-based company has succeeded in. at-
tracting foreign investment of R13,5-million.

‘Another R22-million hes been generated in
South Africa and 4000 jobs have been cre-

ated. .

Alkhan, an industrial decentralisation con-
sultancy, has sifted through the myriad of tax
laws, incentives and allowances in various

arts of the sub-continent so it can advise
investors on the best locations for their busi-
nesses,

Carrots

Contrary to the popular belief that inves:
tors are attracted to the homelands because
of the incentives, South African towns like
Newcastle and East London and Garankuwa
in Bophuthatswana are the most popular lo-
cations, according to a director of Alkhan,
Abrie Coetzee.

He says decentralisation incentives are not
the primary reason for building plants, Incen-

cso: 3400/250

tives are of short-term natiiré.

“Their businesses must be viable without
any outside assistance before they consider
moving here.

“We conduct a study on the best location
for the investor's business, Most are inter-
ested in South Africa because of its low Ia-

jour costs so we have to compete with South
‘America, Costa Rica and the Far East, all of
which have varied and interesting packages

to offer.”
Patriotic

Alkhan does not promote investment in
Sonth Africa ont of a sense of patriotic duty,
It may recommend Botswana or Mozam-
bique to investors, says Mr Coetzee.

Offshore investment has become a major

feature of world trade and nations compete

vigorously for a slice of the cake.

» Mr Coetzee says negative publicity about

South Africa hns hindered Alkhan’s attempts

to promote South Africa abroad, particularly

in the United States. Alkhan has contact of-

fices in Taiwan, New York, Hong Kong and
in.

92

JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


electrification of the railway system. Tenders for the Springfontein line to
East London will be invited in June 1985. This will be undertaken in phases.
VALUE; R51 million (current money values)

5) Reinforcement of the transmission system to the Port Elizabeth area. This
will require the erection of about 120 kilometres of bithe-high voltage lines
and a major in-feed sub-station at a cost (based on present unescalated esti-
mates) approximately R35 million,

This reinforcement is likely to be required in early 1990's.

cso: 3400/250

97



Now the leaders of Southwest Africa have been given the green light to work
out their constitutional future for themselves.

We can only hope that they will take advantage of this big opportunity.
International Reaction

Bloemfontein DIE VOLKSBLAD in Afrikaans 19 Apr 85 p 12

(Editorial: "Strange Logic"]

[Text] The lack of principles -- moral, logical and otherwise —~ which is at
the base of international politics, is once again being clearly illustrated by
the positions concerning Southwest Africa taken by America, Britain, the FRG
and Canada toward the government of South Africa. They subscribe to the United
Nations decision that South Africa governs Southwest Africa "illegally," but
they ask them not to make waves by setting up an interim government at the
request of the Multi-party Conference.

As Minister Pik Botha put it: "If the administrator general is there illegally,
what does it matter if another body is illegally there?"

Indeed, the method by which Southwest Africa is governed internally until an
internationally recognized settlement is perhaps reached one day, should not
affect the international status of ‘the region. The world has recognized that
South Africa is de facto responsible for Southwest Africa and can always nego-

tiate with it.

There is evidently a fear that the VPK will develop into a body which would
also have to be involved in international negotiations, and the Western Four
remember the twists they have already taken in order to talk with representa-
tives of internal parties -- and to sidestep them.

The government has provided its reasons for granting limited responsibilities
to an interim body, among others that it is necessary for the region to produce
its own leaders to work out its future and to accept responsibility for its
administration. One could add to this the consideration that it is desirable
to reward moderation and not to create the impression that South Africa wants
to govern everything in Southwest Africa itself.

While South Africa redeems its promise of protection to the inhabitants of
South Africa and accepts responsibility before the world, it gives the moderates
the opportunity to establish their leadership role and to be accepted by the
inhabitants. South Africa has confidence that they will take advantage of this
new opportunity and will not once again paralyze themselves so much by internal
fights that further interventions will be necessary.

8463
CSO: 3401/115

60



Housing

"T can honestly say that we have experienced no- problems with them. The only
problem is housing because they cannot stay in the boarding houses. However,
the university helps them to find housing with private people in the colored
residential areas by composing a list of suitable accommodations. The homes
must also be deemed suitable for study purposes; for example, we will:not
recommend a place where there are too many people and children.

"Since 1980, US has. also’ had the right to house non-white students in houses
on campus, and the houses on the so-called Hendriks estate--which consists of
small holdings that the university has bought up over the years-~are used for
this."

Only

The university has also received permission this. year to build housing units
for black students on the Hendriks estate. The first housing unit, which

will house 10 students, will be. built before long. Stellenbosch is the only
university in the country with a forestry department, and the housing unit will
be built to house black forestry students. The construction of the unit is
also made possible by a grant from the forestry industry.

Professor De Vries says that he can go on record as saying that the conduct of
the non-white students is on the average very good. "The students who come
here are Afrikaans-speakers by birth and really want to receive instruction
in Afrikaans. The question should also be considered of whether it is not
desirable that the leadership of the black and colored communities rub elbows
with white Afrikaner students during their formative years," Professor De
Vries says.

12271
cso: 3401/119

66



With respect to the other countries, I believe that itis’ up to their offi-
clals to-give the necessary reply. However, we must. not avoid emphasizing,
for example, the situation which exists in Angola and Mozambique, a war
situation which brings as a.consequence everything that the people know a
war brings... Without that war situation, Angola and Mozambique are countries
which because of their material potentials could have already reached a
great milestone’on the road of development.

Development Plan is 75 Percent Fulfilled

0 JORNAL: Have all the goals of the National: Development Plan still-current
been achieved.in Cape Verde? What are the objectives of the next plan-to be
approved in May? .

Aristides Pereira: There I think it. would-be worthwhile. to recall the ob-
jectives. of the first plan.’ Essentially, there are five ‘points: the
struggle against desert. encroachment and.erosion; satisfaction of the basic
needs of the population; unification of the national economic space;
strengthening of the economic team of the state; and the training of cadres.

At this time we are. approaching. the end of the first National. Development
Plan, and although the pertinent. services are still ‘engaged in making. the
most exhaustive and objective accounting possible, I must, however, say
that the balance-is positive.

As of now we calculate that the level. of financial: accomplishment of the
first plan.will be 75-percent fulfilled, which is sufficient proof of the
realism which presided over the preparation of our first, plan.

The quantitative objectives are being fulfilled, particularly “in:the sector
of rural-development, where practically all the “projects foreseen’ are being
executed at a rate of almost total. accomplishment. Such are the cases of
reforestation, mobilization and evaluation of water resources and the
conservation of soil and water. : .

The important. abjective of. unification of national.territory.on the basis of
the construction:of. a port and road.infrastructure, is being reached in
a satisfactory manner.

We must say, therefore, that the ‘balance is positive... Evidently, however,
the government: is going to take steps in the sectors “where .advances“are not
matching expectations. . . .
O.JORNAL:. Which were they; Mr President?

Aristides Pereira: Essentially the industrial-and<fishing sectors... With
respect to the sector of tourism, its development: continues: to be'a'subject
of study.

11



DEPRESSED BUILDING INDUSTRY SEEKS NEW MARKETS

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5 May 85 p 11

[Article by Kerry Clarke]

[Text]

THE building industry,
facing a substantial
drop in demand for
white housing, has been
urged to look at the
black market as a pos-
sible lucrative alterna-
tive. .

The National Association
of Home Builders (NAHB)
says members are showing
increasing interest in the
black market.

But NAHB chairman Riley
Schachat says it should be
tackled with caution. .

Companies in the black
housing market warn that
sound financial ba is es-
sential to avoid -flow
problems.

Barely dented

‘The market looks tempting
for builders. The shortfall in
black housing, according to a
conservative Govt

cluding the national states.
Builders are barely denting
the shortage.

cso: 3400/250

Moe
“Gough

es.
timate, is 170000 units, ex- §

and Scha- *
chat Cullum between them :

provide fewer than 1000 °
a year to black buy- ‘

ers.
However, one of the major
blems facing builders is
ser-

e serious shortage, of ser-
, viced land. If a builder pro-
! vides the services he has to
‘g between R2500 and
10 000 on each stand before
he can start laying bricks.
‘The outlay can put a serious
strain on a small builder's ©

cash flow.
‘The high cost of establish-
ing services, registerin
holds and bonds an

housing.

Optimistic

They are selling only to the
middle- and up) er come
- achat’s chea-

est home for blacks costs
‘000, and Gough Cooper's’

), exclud-

“ing land.
| ms, Matthew Nell, general

94

manager of the Family Hous-
ing Associa 5

tion, an Urban

Foundation vutilit
company, estimates that big
builders and the building
society development cor-
at ling houses
rom R25 600 up wards, are
catering for only 5% of black
home buyers. He adds that
this is an optimistic estimate.
. ‘ Alex Rabie, marketing di-
{ rector of Gough "sg
black housing division, says:
! “The private sector cannot
be seen as the answer to the

shortage. — many people
. have ie be helped by the Gov-
'-ernment.”

Rob Crockett, executive
director of Schachat Hold-
ings, identifies another ma;
problem in the black housing
market. There are no estab-
lished routines to follow and
; attitudes and procedures
: which affect the home bulld-

fownbhipa eKange constant.

ns! lange cons! .
Schachat has put execu:
‘tives to work at clerical jobs
in an attempt to avoid ad-
ministrative delays.

' Bond delays

Some builders report long

: delays in bond registrations.

: Schachat lias appointed driv-

ers to take buyers to attor-

neys’ offices to sign bond doc-
ments.

w .
Mr Crockett says mai
clients find it dificult "
reach an attorney's office
and a bond registration can

‘be delay
Mr Ral
tailed knowl
to follow, the
required and the le in-
vol

houses for blacks.
Mr Nell

velopers get

make suggestions to amend

legislation affecting the

a ion of Ie Id.

JPRS~SSA-85-048 |
14 June 1985 |

SOUTH AFRICA

for several weeks.

ie says: o Without de-
e steps
tation

ived, it 1s difficult to build

that de-
together and

Land is also a problem, say

builders. Although. there is
sufficient stock on the East
and West Rand for the time
being, there will be a serious

if township bound-
aries are not extended.

Small parcels

Land is scarce In Soweto,
and Mr Rabie believes densi--
ities there should
iereased. There is no provi-
ion.

acknowledges that such’ de-

be in-

high-rise
However, he

for

‘could be difficult
sectional

as of

ts freig oa By
Mr Nell

tight in Soweto and most of it

is in small parcels which
have been rezoned.

that land is

He says high rise is not a

proposition while land prices
proper far below the market

“People: develop eh rise

to make good use of expen-
sive and Af all land costs are


Thus, we are building a.much- firmer’ base for cooperation-in the future. On
the other hand, as much as possible, we are* harmonizing our actions so as to
derive the most advantage fromthe efforts*we are making.

South Africa: "Understanding is not easy."

O JORNAL: . Cape Verde continues to assume the position of mediator within the
Group of Five between Angola, South Africa andthe United States, but
progress in this policy of dialogue is still not seen. Why is that Mr
President? : :

Aristides Pereira: That is normal. Interests of the most varied are meeting
face to face in southern Africa. There are even ‘antagonistic interests. To
conciliate all those interests and to‘arrive at a’plateau of understanding is
not easy. Therefore all that delay in the progress of conversations is
justified up to a certain point.

I must say, however, that all. processes of that type are.-long and many times.
take years. At any rate, the dialogue that is surviving must be nurtured and

strengthened.
"N'Komtai allows the evaluation .of the intentions of each one."

O JORNAL: Mr President, in your opinion, what are the ideal-and at the same
time realistic solutions for the establishment of peace in Mozambique and

Angola?

Aristides Pereira: First of all, solutions must. acknowledge the sovereignty
of all the countries’ of the area; therefore, the right. to live in peace
within ones borders. On the other hand, it is necessary that a’ climate of
dialogue and harmony be instituted’ among the’ countries of the ‘area, in the
certainty that, providing there is a political willingness, coexistence is
possible between countries with different systems of government.

It must’ be particularly kept in mind:that the: question of "apartheid" is a
system:which is universally condemned... As long’as the South African’ leaders
do not find a.suitable solution to the problem, it will be extremely difficult
to achieve the necessary peace. However, as a first phase, I: believe that
the acknowledgement of the right to live under any regime of all the
countries of the area will be an important step for beginning to ‘have a

life of peace and harmony.

O JORNAL: Is the N'Komati agreement worthwhile?

Aristides Pereira: Yes it is. According to the N'Komati..Agreement,. through
its compliance or lack of it, it will. be easier to make an evaluation of the
forces in play and the intentions ‘of each one.

16



After 3 years of decline in the Gross National Product the return to economic
growth is welcome. The Ivory Coast, which had recorded Japanese-type levels
of growth for several years, declined abruptly into a deep recession at the
beginning of the 1980's, with the sharp break in the prices of coffee and
cacao. The expansion of major public works projects slowed down
progressively. The figures in the construction and public works sector
provide an idea of the extent of the crisis. In 1979 320 companies employed
57,000 people and had a sales volume of nearly 7 billion French francs. In
1983 there were only 229 companies, employing 20,000 people, with a sales
volume of 4.3 billion French frances. The abandonment of the enormous Soubre
Dam project, whose cost was estimated at 6.5 billion French francs, was a
warning sign.

Today the decline has still not been halted. In 1984 the decline in activity
was estimated by businessmen at more than 30 percent. Cantegrel, of the
Setao-Bouyges Company, explained: "We only have small-scale activities under
way at present. No contracts were awarded following the last substantial
invitation to bid, to which we responded. No doubt this was due to a lack of
finance. We have turned to neighboring countries, Guinea, Mali, and Niger."

With sales down by 30 percent in 1984, the automobile sector is in no better
shape. In the production equipment and durable goods sector the end of the
tunnel has not yet been reached. In fact the Ivorian economy is still being
closely watched by the International Monetary Fund, and the austerity policy
is being continued. The Ivorian authorities approved a very reasonable budget
for 1985. Operational expenditures (8.3 billion francs) went down by 2.5
percent, in part as a result of measures taken to realign salaries in
government offices and services. Investment expenditures were placed under a
ceiling of 1.74 billion francs. No new large-scale project was included in the
budget. :

Despite the agreements reached with its creditors, the size of the debt,
estimated at more than $5 billion, will continue to weigh heavily on the
country's finances. In effect, service on the debt will absorb nearly 40
percent of export receipts until the end of the 1990's. And the borrowing
capacity of the country will remain limited during all of this period.
Furthermore, the Ivory Coast will have to absorb the domestic debt (about 50
billion CFA franes), which will seriously penalize domestic companies. The
Abidjan Chamber of Commerce recently alerted the Ivorian Government to the
financial cost resulting from delays in payments by the state.

Companies Encouraged to Resume Normal Activity

In view of these constraints the possibilities for investment by the Ivorian
Government will remain limited over the short term. However, certain leaders,
tired of the present recession, are more favorable to a limited resumption of
normal economic activity. At the Directorate for the Control of Major Public
Works (DCGT), the central organization for bids on public works, officials are
rather encouraging. Antoine Cesario, director of the DCGT, said: "In effect

45



DISINVESTMENT MOVES IN UNITED STATES DENOUNCED

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 9 May 85 p 6

(Editorial:

[Text]

cso:

"Disinvestment, Self-Indulgence"]

in South Africa is reckless,

jo any sensible person the
concept of disinvestment
cruel and naive. Economic

: despoilation leading to revolu-

tion will not necessarily bring
ultimate freedom. It is also
manifestly hypocritical.

As United Statés Ambassador
Herman Nickel said recently:
“The striking feature of the rhe-
toric of the disinvestors is its elit-
ism.” And that is precisely the
depredation most critics see in
apartheid.

There are two cases in point.
One is the Smithsonian Institu-
tion in Washington deciding to
examine its investments in com-
panies that do business in South

3400/250

Africa. Another is a vote by the
frustees of Georgetown Univers-
ity to liquidate their investments
in companies that fail to sign the
Sullivan Code.

It is hardly a scientific point of

vine harge of hypocri

e same charge of cris:
can be levelled ot some t trade
unions abroad. While advocatin,
disinvestment on the one hand,
they are quick to cry foul on the
other when black workers are
dismissed in South Africa for any
reason at all.

And some local black leaders
have fallen into the same trap. In
their case, the chatges are even
harder to refute. Added to them,
moreover, must be one of politi-
cal self-indulgence.

90

JPRS~SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


JPRS-SSA~85~048
14 June 1985

GHANA

ECONOMIC RECOVERY PROGRAM GAINS DISCUSSED
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 1 May 85 p 3

{Article by K. Abaka Quansah]

MEMORIES are-al- _ economic history. yearly negative growth
[Text] ways short, thus the Between 1960 and fate of 4.7 per cent bet-
obvious has to be re- ‘1970, the average rate ween 1970 and 1982,
stated that at the of growth"in GDP was ‘and had virtually hit )
time ofthe December 2.2 per cent perannum, the rocks on the eve of
31 take-over, the na- whilst from 1970-1982. the launching of the re-
tional economy was there was an average’ covery programme,
atthe brink ofatotal decline in gross dome- showed signs of a gra-

collapse. stic product of 0.5 per dual return to nor-
It was against this cent per annum. maley in 1984, Whilst
screen of absolute Thus, the7.6 percent cocoa production and

socio-economic .deca- growth in 1984 marks a _ gold exports increased
dence that the PNDC reak-through, a point- modestly by 3 per cent
launched the economic er to the fact that the . in 1984, timber exports
recovery programme to economic recovery pro- expanded by 24 per
lift Ghana out of the gramme provides the cent.

dolddrums. answers to most of the The achievements in

We are-half-way | economic problems of 1984 were modest, but
through the recovery the immediate past. considering the mo-
period (1984-86), and it. The improvement in mentum generated in

is appropriate to take food production, which the export sector as
stock of what the pro-. _ is itself, a function of well as the -commit-
gramme has achieved, the economic recovery ment of the PNDC to
whilst at the same time programme, coupled removing bottlenecks
re-doubling our efforts with scotching large _ hindering resuscitating,
at national reconstruc. scale monetization of the exports sector of
tion and development. the economy through the economy, it is ex-

The Secretary of Fi- deficit financing reduc- _pected that the precauc-
nance and Economic ed the rate of inflation jous achievements of
Planning, Dr Kwesi from 123 per cent in 1984, will have matured
Botchwey, sent rays of 1983 to 40 per cent in by the end of this fi-

hope to Ghanaians last ei nancial year.
week when he delivered This rate is just The success of the
the 1985 budget state- about equal to theave- Beonomic Recovery
ment. rage rate of inflation for Programme depends
the decade 1970-80, directly on the rehabi-
Increase which stood at 39.5 per _litation of the exports

. cent. Agricultural pro- base of the economy.
The Secretary said, duction which had been More needs to be done
inter alia, that the eco-- declining at-0.2 percent here since in the final
nomy had not only’ per annum from 1970- analysis economic re-
turned round after 1982 improved signifi- construction depends
years of decline, but if cantly by 10:per cent on our foreign exchange

also showed a 7.6 per __ increase in 1984. i ali

cent increase in gross "Significant achieve. C@"nine ability.

domestic product in ments were recorded in Dedication ’
1984. industrial production ‘The modest achieve- :

Simply put, the total and services to indus- _ ments of the past vear
value of all the goods frial production in. (7Gvtsce that with der
and services we pro- creased by 7 percent in ication we can rebuild
duced, after adjust- 1984 as against an ave- Ghana, and make the
ments:in the value of rage rate of decline of country what the
money, increased by 7.6 2.4 per cent per annum _ founding fathers envi-
Per.cent over what we between 1970 and 1982. _sioned.
produced in 1983. Services chalked a 4 per The answer lies in
In spite of the fact cent growth in 1984 — hard work for as Lenin
that 1983 was a parti compared with an ave- _put it “the productivity
gularly bad year, a 7.6. rage rate of decline of of labour is, in the final
per cent increase in 7,5 per cent from 1970 —_ analysis, the most im-
what we produced that —_to 1982. portant, the main tool
year is significant and a The exports sector for the victory of the
record growth in our which had showed a _ new order”.

CSO: 3400/242 28



Now, with respect to the objectives of the second plan, we can say that our
strategy is within the framework of preparing a study of revising the pros-
pects of long-range economic development in Cape Verde in the light of the
experience acquired in the economic management of the country and taking into
account the recent developments in the world economy. In a certain way, the
second plan will also be a continuation of the first.

Is Cooperation with Portugal Worthwhile?

O JORNAL: What is the role of cooperation with Portugal in the economic,
social and cultural development of Cape Verde?

Aristides Pereira: We consider that role important and we think that it
will continue to be worthwhile. Among the areas of greater ‘interest where
the benefit of Portuguese cooperation is the most obvious and visible, is in
the area of training cadres and in technical assistance. In this aspect, and
particularly in the training of cadres, however, it seems to us that it is
possible to do better on one side and on the other. This means that if we
worked in a more systematized and planned manner, we can improve that sector
of cooperation, which we consider to be of major importance. And that is..
not all, that.also applies to university training, professional training,
training of specialists and the training of teachers inthe priority disci-
plines for our development.

Another sector of great interest in cooperation with Portugal is that of
technical assistance within the framework of accomplishing development pro-
jects. Also there is already the practice of help by Portuguese companies. in
projects underway in Cape Verde. This, without ignoring other areas: in which
we think a development of cooperation with Portugal would be possible, par-
ticularly in the area.of economic cooperation with the question of using
intermediate technologies. In short, they are areas in which I think with
time, with patient work on both sides, we shall achieve something signif-
icant.

"The secret of progress is dissatisfaction"

O JORNAL: I should, therefore, Mr President, presume that you do not yet
consider the level of Portuguese cooperation in Cape Verde satisfactory?

Aristides Pereira: You know, the secret of progress is dissatisfaction. I
think it is necessary that we not be satisfied so that we will strive to do
better. 5 :

0 JORNAL: Mr President, how would you at this time classify relations of
Portugal with Cape Verde and, on the other hand, with all of the five
Portuguese-speaking African countries? .

Aristides Pereira: I must say that we consider: the relations of Cape Verde
with Portugal to be correct. They are relations between two states which
respect each other and which know full well how to defend their own in-
terests.

12



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

TALKS WITH MODERATE BLACK LEADERS DEEMED ESSENTIAL
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 23 Apr 85 p 12
[Editorial: "A Problem of Black Fears"]

[Text] President P.W. Botha's appeal to other political parties to cooperate
in negotiations with black leaders certainly proves his sincere desire to find
a settlement through negotiation and not through orders.

This also indicates the government's most serious problems however, specifi-
cally to pursuade the black leaders to participate in talks. For a variety
of reasons, precisely those black leaders with whom talks should be held do
not want to be seen in the government's company right now.

The talks should focus on the future, especially the political future, of
blacks outside the independent and national states. But this should also bring
round the position of those national states which do not want to become inde-

pendent.

The black leaders without whom such talks would not make any sense, are people
like Chief Ministers Gatsha Buthelezi and Inkatha, certain group leaders within
the VDF [United Democratic Front], important trade union leaders and probably
also religious leaders such as Bishop Desmond Tutu and the Reverend Sam Buti.

The gladdening thing is that the government is not sitting back with its hands
crossed. It is making both public and private efforts and is creating the op-
portunity and the conditions for talks. There is the Special Government Com-
mittee, the forum offered by the president in his address at the opening session
of parliament, and now again the invitation to political parties. And his good
intentions have also been proven in his actions toward the Zion church.

He.makes one unconditional reservation. He rejects violence as a method of
reform and demands the same from those who sit down with him.

A second principle is the right of every group to self-determination within the
broader framework of joint government with regard to common matters. Without
that, the National Party would not be able to bring its own voters round to
the necessary reform. We expect that if the talks do get under way, this will
not be as one-sided a condition as it sometimes appears to be now.

56 -



JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

DIGITAL TV TECHNOLOGY--A new generation of technology, digital TV, will «rrive
in South Africa in 1987, Harry Rosenblatt, managing director of Tedelex
Sound & Vision, says mass production of digital sets has not begun and they
will not be freely available in South Africa before 1987. Several manufactur-
ers hope to have a model on foreign markets this year. The sets will be made
in SA, and will require a huge outlay on new infrastructure by producers. The
prospect must be a little daunting to an appliance industry whose sales of TV
sets have plummeted in the past six months. Mr Rosenblatt says digital sets
will not be significantly cheaper than analog models, even when mass produced.
[Excerpts] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 5 May 85 p 30]

FMU-BOILERMAKERS' MERGER-~The majority of the Federated Mining Union (FMU)--
one of two black unions recognised by the Chamber of Mines--has merged with
the multiracial 50 000-strong SA Boilermakers Society (SABS). This means that
the SABS, which is party to wage talks with the Chamber for white miners, could
be negotiating alongside the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) at this year's
pay talks for black miners. Following a ballot to determine support for the
idea FMU members--on diamond mines near Kimberley, gold mines in the Klerks=
drop area and workers in Rustenburg--elected to link up with the SABS. Negoti-
ations are stili in progress to forge unity with members at JCI's Rustenburg
Platinum mine, where the FMU is recognised. The SABS has also announced that
Mr Ike van der Watt, former general secretary, has been elected executive
president and that Mr Okkie Oosthuizen has been elected general secretary.

The merger with the FMU has put the SABS in the unique position of represent-
ing black and white miners and being party to both blocs of unions on the Metal
Industrial Council. [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 9 May 85 p 3]

TAIWAN SEEKS SA TRADE--The success of last year's South African week in Taiwan
has prompted the giant Far Eastern Department Stores (Feds) group to expand the
concept 66 10 stores this year and offer more than Rl-million worth of SA
goods. The vice-president and managing director of Feds, S J Par, and the
director of international trade, H M Ying, were in South Africa this week on a
buying mission to equip their Taiwanese stores for the second South African
promotion at the end of this year. They were assisted by the South African
Foreign Trade Organisation (Safto), the Department of Trade and Industries,
the South African embassy in the Republic of China and the SA-Republic of
China Chamber of Economic Relations. Feds has so far placed orders worth
Rl-million with South African suppliers. The produces include biscuits, dried

109



AV SUPPORTERS VOTED OUT -- Bloemfontein -- The night before last, the executive
committee of the Bloemfontein Cultural Council which earlier this year had
granted affiliation to branches. of the Afrikaner People's Guard [AV], was com-
pletely voted out. All rightwing elements were excluded from the new committee
The election at the annual general meeting of the Cultural Council was charac-
terized by attempts from rightwing elements to get their candidates elected to
the committee. However, the more than 100 delegates voted overwhelmingly in
favor of a completely new executive committee. The constitution of the Cul-
tural Council was thoroughly altered during the meeting, which lasted more than
4 hours, to prevent AV branches from becoming members of FAK [Federation of
Afrikaner Cultural Associations] without more ado. Criticism was also directed
toward that side of the former committee. The new executive committee consists
of Professor Jan Senekal, chairman; Professor Pierre Theron, vice chairman;

Dr Frik van Heerden, secretary; and Mr Buks Fouche, treasurer. Mr T.D.
Potgieter, Mr Jan Stemmet and Mrs Nicolene Swanepoel are additional members.
Professor Johan Strauss, who was voted out as chairman and member of the exe-
cutive committee, was unsuccessfully nominated for three positions. In all
three cases, hé was nominated by Mr Alex Danzfuss, a supporter of the KP.

Other candidates who were unsuccessfully nominated for the executive committee
were Messrs Jan Lamprechts, Pikkie Louw, Alex Danzfuss and Professor Calvyn
Lombaard. Even before the designation of the new executive committee, a part
of the draft constitution according to which members of the Cultural Council
would directly become members of FAK, had already been scrapped upon a proposal
from Mr Gannie Viljoen. The feeling was that FAK should not be tied into this
connection. [Text] [Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 1 May 85 p 8] 8463

EDITORIAL ON DRUG USE -- Drug addiction is not something South Africans only
read about in foreign magazines or in story books. It is a horror which we
are experiencing in our own lives. The month before last, SANRA [South
African National Research Association] advanced the distressful view that drug
related deaths are common in South Africa.’ The community, and parents in par-
ticular, have been confronted with upsetting data about drug abuse and addic—
tion among children. The seriousness of the problem is reflected by the
arrest of 20,753 people between July and November of last year for drug related
offences and the confiscation of 1 million rand worth of drugs. Equally dis-
turbing news was the claim by the marketing director of a large American phar-
maceutical firm, Mr Ray Suttner. According to him there is a large surplus of
illegal cocaine in the world and South Africa is used as an unloading location.
The smugglers find a good demand here. The consequences of drug addiction do
not need any clarification. They are unfortunately all too well known. We
can, however, become aware with renewed anxiety of the British experience
where more and more babies are born addicted, the result of addicted mothers.
That is undoubtedly the most terrible hereditary sin a mother can pass on to
her child. However, greater awareness of this problem in South Africa -- thanks
to the dedication of people such as Dr S. de Miranda from SANRA -- is encourag-
ing. That awareness has now penetrated into our highest legislative council
chambers.’ A government committee has been appointed to do research on the in-
cidence of drug abuse in general. In the Council of Representatives the
minister of health and welfare, Dr Murugasen Padayachi, has announced specific
research on the problem in Indian schools. This is more than welcome. All
parents, teachers, schools, municipal councils, as a matter of fact any body
or organization which has responsibility for our physical and spiritual well-
being, should become involved in this matter. [Text] [Johannesburg DIE
VADERLAND in Afrikaans 19 Apr 85 p 10] 8463

111



Special Synfuel Levy Discussed
“(David Carte; SUNDAY TIMES, 5 May 85)....seesesescescoees 83

Black Miners To Fight Job Reservation
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 8 May 85)...esseeeeeeseecceecs 84

Industrial Strategy for Major Overhaul Outlined
(Keith Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 15 Mar 85).....eeeeesceeee 86

Most Unions Polarized, Baqwa Blaims
(Anna de Jager; THE STAR, 3 May 85)...ssecsecescsecscenes 88

NAMPO Calls Off Maize Boycott
. (Paul Bell; BUSINESS DAY, 9 May 85)...esceseeceseeecesone 89

Disinvestment Moves in United States Denounced

(Editorial; BUSINESS DAY, 9 May 85).....ssssee- 90

Blacks Claim Mining Blasting Law Broken
(Amrit ‘Manga; SUNDAY TIMES, 5 May 85)....ssseeseceseeeeee 91

Foreign Millions Pour in To Offset Disinvestment Counter
(Ciaran Ryan; SUNDAY TIMES, 5 May 85)..seeseececeecesones 92

Phase One of Khayalitsha Development. Completed
(Ciaran Ryan; SUNDAY TIMES, 5 May 85)....sessseeseeeceees 93

Depressed Building Industry Seeks New Markets
* (Kerry Clarke; SUNDAY TIMES, 5 May 85)....seeseeecserseees 94

Union Steps in To Save Jobs at Coca-Cola
(Claire Pickard-Cambridge; BUSINESS DAY, 10 May 85)...... 95

ESCOM Expansion Project Detailed
“(NEW CONSTRUCTION NEWS, 6 May 85)...ceecescecccecsssecose 96

Nation's First Science Park Described
(R. D. Marcus; SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE,
Mar 85)...e0

een e cece e eee eee se ee eeeeeecesseeeeeeees 98

National Biotechnology Program Outlined
(Jennifer Thomson; SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE,
Mar “85)....e.2006

se cecececccesceeetecccecesessesces 100

Industrial Relations Leader's Report Published
(IIR INFORMATION SHEET, Mar 85)...-ccceesceseseceeecceece 102

Need for Cooperation in Constitutional Process Discussed
(Piet Muller; BEELD, 25 Apr 85)..cseceseecrececescecceses 106

-e-


JPRS~SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MOST UNIONS POLARIZED, BAQWA CLAIMS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 3 May 85 p 11

[Article by Anna de Jager]

[Text]

The present structure of
unions in South Africa
readily assumed the pat-
tern of governmental
structures and fhere are
far more polarised unions
than multiracial ones,
says Mr Wilby Baqwa, in-
dustrial relations manag-
er of Barlow Rand.

He was speaking yes-
terday at a seminar in
Springs on labour rela-
tions within local govern-
ment. The seminar is or-
ganised by the Institute
for Municipal Personnel
Practioners of Southern
Africa.

Mr Baqwa said black
unions tended to see their
role as encompassing the
need to correct variances
in the workplace, social-
ly, educationally and also
politically.

“The lack of black ad-

vancement into senior’

levels is seen as being a
derivative of the social
and political structures
of this country, We face

CSO: 3400/250

the untenable quandry
where labour problems
are inter-twined with po-
litical philosophies.

“All or most of the
issues are entangled in
the political structures of.

this country and tend to,
seek solutions via the pee
Ir

litical route,” said
Baqwa.

le marvelled at the
way farmers had kept
workers relatively happy
for years. They have a
basic way of doing things
by entrusting the induna
with tasks such as
ploughing, reaping ete.
“We in the industry be-
lieve in continuous sur-
veillance, probably be-
cause we lack confidence
in each other.”

Mr Baqwa said there
was a need for employers
to solder partnerships
with their employees.
Commerce and industry
tended to ignore the im-
portance of the continual
improvement of basic re-
lationships with their em-

ployees, he said.
Employee organisa-
tions even demand an-
nual reports of com-
panies, to ascertain the
size of profit margins.
Professor J Piron of
the School of Business
Leadership at Unisa, said
dismissal of employees
was a fairly simple mat
ter in South Africa until
the introduction in 1980
of the unfair labour prac-
tice definition in the La-
bour Relations Act and
the transfer of the discre-
tion to grant status quo
orders, from the Minister

88

of Manpower to the In-
dustrial Court.

Professor Piron said
the path of disrnissal was
fraught with danger.
“Dismissal procedures
are becoming increasing-
ly important, and well-
constructed dismissal
procedures should con-
tain essential points of
procedural and substan:
tive fairness.”

Professor Piron said
procedures were merely
guidelines and could
never be a substitute for
well thought-out manage-
ment decision-making.


JPRS-SSA-85-048
14 June 1985

GHANA

ANNAN ENCOURAGES FOREIGN INVESTMENT FROM GULF STATES

Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 1 May 85 p 1

[Text]

available.

CSO;

MR Justice D. F. Annan, ures governing foreign invest-_
member of the PNDC, said ment. ~

in Kuwait yesterday that — Mr Justice Annan, who ar-
the PNDC wishes to en- rived in Kuwait last Saturday

courage foreign investors on a four-day official visit,
and. is confident that the said he talked to Kuwaiti of-

Gulf States. will take ficials about prospects for
advantage of opportunities. joint co-operation in oil ex-

ploration.

The PNDC member said “We are planning to make
Ghana plans to set up an use of Kuwait’s vast expe-
agency to streamline meas- rience in this respect in a bid

3400/242

33

to utilise our natural resour-
ces in the best. possible
manner,” he told a press con-
ference. -

Mr-Justice Annan said Ghana also.
offered attractive opportunities: for
investment, in agriculture, banking,
tourism and mineral development,
expecially diamonds. ,-

ir Justice. Annan has held talks
with the Emir. Sheikh Jaber-Al-
Ahmed Al-Sabah, as well as the
‘Crown Prince. and Prime Minister,

‘Finance and Economy Minister, and.

Oil and Industry Minister.



UNION STEPS IN TO SAVE JOBS AT COCA-COLA

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 10 May 85 p 3

{Article by Claire Pickard~Cambridge]

Text
t } ONE of the most successful union

negotiations to reduce lay-offs has
been achieved by the Food Beverage
Workers’ Union — a Cusa affiliate —
with the Coca-Cola Bottling com-
panies on the East and West Rand.

Union spokesmen, who met man-
agement yesterday, said 203 workers
from three Coca-Cola factories had
been faced with losing their jobs but
the company had reduced the number
to 63 after negotiations this week.

Spokesmen said the first lay-off an-

» nouncements had been made in Feb-
ruary and would have affected 104
workers at the Bedfordview and Ben-
rose plants.

After negotiating with the union,
management reduced the number to
20. The rest of the workers agreed to
working on a rolling-leave system
which entailed taking unpaid leave
every sixth week.

Last week Coca-Cola announced
that 99 workers would be laid-off at
its Devland branch but, after negotia-
tions, only 43 will be affected.

Workers had indicated through the
union that they were willing either to
fe on rolling leave, work every 20

‘. days and forfeit two days of their
monthly pay, or ‘put in a limited

CSO: 3400/250

amount of unpaid overtime to save

Union spokesmen said manage-
ment had also agreed to implement
some of the options suggested by the
union to save the jobs of remaining
workers.

The cost saving measures would
include the rolling leave system, ear-
ly retirement, a total ban on overtime
work, a halt on new emplo ment, no
casual labour and a limited freeze on
expenditure on capital equipment by
management.

They said these were the first lay-
offs by Coca-Cola and an agreement
had also been made with the company
that there would be no more redun-
cancies this year.

They said the lay-off packages
granted by the company had been
satisfactory and some workers had
opted for voluntary retrenchment.

Union officials are still discussing
the position with but criteria for lay-
offs have been agreed and consist of a
policy of last-in, first-out, key skills
and work attendance records.

Company spokesrnen could not be
contacted for comment yesterday.

95

JPRS-SSA~85-048
14 June 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS-SSA~85~04i
14 June 1985

GHANA

PRIVATE CORPORATION TO REPLACE COTTON PARASTATAL
Accra PEOPLE'S DAILY GRAPHIC in English 10 May 85 p 1
{Article by Faustina Ashirifie]

[Text]

THE Ghana Cotton
Company has been
inaugurated to replace
the Cotton Development
Board with the aim of
avoiding inefficiencies
and inadequacies of the
Board and thereby
create the necessary
conditions for growth.

‘The company made up
of eight spinning mills and
an oil mill shall operate on
sound commercial lines as
a limited liability company
and would be left to ma-
nage its own affairs.

The shareholders are
Akosombo Textiles, Free-
dom Textiles, Tema Texti-
les Ltd., Akotex © Texti-
les, Ghana Textiles Manu-
facturing Company

GTMC), West Coast

pinning, Spintex, Jua-

ong Textiles and Crystal

il Mills which will process
the cotton seed into edible
oil,

‘The Ghana Government.

3400/243

will hold 30 per cent equity
shares while the 70 per cent
goes to the nine companies.
Inauguratiag the com-
pany in Accra yesterday,
Dr Francis Acquah, Secre-
tary for Industries, Science
and Technology said the
new company would be
under the joint supervision
of his ministry and the Mi-
nistry of Agriculture.

With the company com-
ing into being, textile mills,
right from the beginning
will be involved in the de-
velopment of cotton to
ensure uninterrupted
supply of cotton lint to
feed mills.

He tasked the company
to take adequate measures
to improve upon facilities
and conditions for the

rowing of cotton to enable
It to cater for the basic raw
material needs of indus-
tries dependent on it for
operations.

Dr Acquah who re-
counted the numerous

36

problems that bedevilled
the Cotton Development
Board, charged the share-
holders to strive to make
its operations more viable
and profitable to enable
them to contribute to rais-
ing the quality of life of the
People of this country.

le also charged them to
ensure that the necessary
inputs such as fertiliser,
pesticides, herbicides and
extension services are pro-
vided to farmers in time to
enable them to increase
production.

Dr Acquah further called
on the company to reacti-
vate the present almost
non-operational research
and quality control labo-
ratory to carry out re-
search which will lead’ to
disease-free cotton and
high productivity.

Tt is only when the com-
pany is able to face the
challenges confronting it
and is able to arrest the
decline in cotton produc-
tion that it would be con-
;tributing to the achieve-
iment of the goals of the
Economic Recovery Pro-
gramme (ERP). -