BURUNDI

LIBYAN ‘TRAVELLING ISLAMIC' DELEGATION VISITS COUNTRY
Bujumbura LE RENOUVEAU DU BURUNDI in French 3 Sep 82 p 3
[Article by Swedy Ismael]

[Text] A Libyan delegation including a number of intellectuals arrived in
Bujumbura early this week and will remain in our country for two weeks. The
group is made up of two pediatricians, two opthamologists, a surgeon, two
general practitioners, two pharmacists, two agronomists and two Arabic pro-
fessors.

The delegation was sent to Burundi by a nongovernmental Libyan organization
known as "Travelling Islamic." Its mission consists of visiting African coun-
tries in order to examine and give free medical care to patients in the na-
tions visited.

During their stay, the Libyan doctors will go to a number of hospitals and
out-patient clinics, where they will examine and provide care and medicine
for persons suffering from many different diseases. The agronomists will
visit state farms, where they will see livestock and administer free care.

The Arabic professors will go.to Islamic schools in Bujumbura and the interior
of the country. They will give classes in Arabic and investigate needs.

Speaking of the purpose of the delegation.he heads, Ali Gadalla El Kelani
said that the doctors have come here to help all persons, without discrimina-
tion based on race, religion or any other consideration. The doctors will
tour the hospitals and clinics to help people and if any medicine is lacking,
they will purchase it on the spot from the pharmacy at their own expense for
the patient. "This is the first trip of this type that we are making to
Burundi," he said, "and it is thanks to the active friendship linking the
Libyan and Burundian peoples that we are here. Three groups of the same
type are traveling throughout Africa," Gadalla said. "One is now in West
Africa and the other in southern Africa. The group in Central Africa has
already gone to Rwanda. With respect to care administered to sick people

and livestock, the head of the Libyan delegation revealed that in coming to
Burundi, the group thought of bringing along a shipment of all kinds of medi-
cines and even surgical equipment for possible operations. If any drug is
needed and missing, it is purchased locally at the doctors’ expense.

1b



MOZAMBIQUE

PORTUGUESE OFFICIAL: FACIM ‘POLITICAL, COMMERCIAL SUCCESS'
Lisbon 0 JORNAL in Portuguese 17 Sep 82 pp x-xi

[Text of interview with Faria de Oliveira, Portuguese secretary of state for
foreign trade, on various matters pertaining to his department; date and place
not specified]

[Text] 0 JORNAL: Mr Secretary, you recently returned from Mozambique,
where you were a close observer of the progress of FACIM [Maputo Internation-
al Trade Fair]. Did you bring away any new ideas about Portuguese export
products that might correspond with Mozambican needs?

Oliveira: My trip to Mozambique not only confirmed some important informa-
tion that had come up during the Mozambican visit of the president of the
republic and the prime minister, but added some other items, and this ina
spirit that I feel is highly important: we tried to explore and benefit from
the aspects that unite us and not to emphasize the existing differences
between the two countries' systems.

In the industrial area, we could point out several forms of cooperation,
from the formation of joint companies to the formulation of management con-
tracts that would insure continuity over time and responsibility by both
parties for the initial objectives. We also have invested largely in pro-
fessional training, either through specialized firms in the sector or through
state agencies.

Regarding new ideas, they pertain particularly to the progress that has been
observed, specifically with respect to the possibility of Portuguese partici-
pation in a vast integrated cotton development project in Zambeze. We have
in mind the formation of a joint foreign trade association with two basic ob-
jectives: to encourage trade between the two countries and to serve as a
trading post, either in Portugal or in Mozambique, for exports to other
markets.

FACIM was also a political success. Our pavilion not only had more to offer,
in quantity and quality, but was also more attuned to the needs of the
Mozambican market. At the moment we are certainly well acquainted with the
most pressing needs of the People's Republic of Mozambique.

35



MOZAMBIQUE

MOLASSES EXPORTS THROUGH PORT OF MAPUTO
Beira DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE in Portuguese 9 Aug 82 p 1

[Text] Jaime Rocha, director of the Molasses Export Company--one of the
firms associated with the London based firm of Tate and Lyle-- revealed to
DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE that the use of the port of Maputo by Swaziland to ex-
port molasses will earn Mozambique 1.03 million rands (about 34 million
meticals’ this year.

The above-mentioned sum corresponds to 30,100 tons of molasses that will be
exported by Swaziland this year through. the port of Maputo.

According to Jaime Rocha, the People's Republic of Mozambique earned the
equivalent of approximately 12 million meticals in rands during the first
half of the year in the same manner. That sum .is derived from rail transpor-
tation charges, customs and embarkation duties, and handling charges.

Asked about the export or molasses produced in Mozambique, Jaime Rocha said
that "we do not yet export Mozambican molasses because the sugar cane har-
vest has only recently begun. As in customary, that product is supplied
by the ENACOMO [National Mozambican Trade Company]."

Molasses, a product that comes from processed sugar cane, is used as a com-

ponent of animal feed, as well as serving in the manufacture of sweets,
alcohol, yeasts and other products.

9935
CSO: 4742/396

31



NIGER

FINANCE MINISTER PRESENTS 1983 BUDGET

Niamey LE SAHEL in French 23 Sep 82 pp 1, 3

[Article: "The minister of finance Presents the 1983 Budget"]
{Excerpts] The minister of Finance, Quartermaster Moussa
Tondi, met with the national press yesterday to present

the 1983 budget.

We are reproducing this important statement in its entirety
below.

As you already know, the 1983 budget amounts to 81,268,510,000 francs, includ-
ing 7 billion for the National Investment Fund (FNI). The additional Public
Works equipment operating budget amounts to 1,681,655,000 francs.

The general budget shows a reduction of 12,580,309,000 francs over 1982, i.e.
13.4 percent.

This budget reflects the reduction in revenues from uranium and therefore, as
was already announced by the Chief of State, the necessity to make a pause and

still preserve the gains of the previous period.

Indeed, we must cross the turbulence zone without suffering great damage. This
is why the following principles were retained:

For Resources

- To provide, for most items in the budget, perennial and reliable resources,
i.e. tax revenues, by updating some rates and improving yields, on the one
hand;

- To. be prudent in our evaluations in view of the ups and downs of world
economy, on the other hand.

For Expenditures
- Strict austerity as far as operating credits are concerned;
- Preservation of our gains by continuing our present investments, on the one

hand, and repaying national debt instalments as they become due, on the other
hand, thus living up to our commitments.

ho



"Overall Cooperation"

Baiao Horta, Portuguese minister of industry, energy and export, asked to
comment on the concern expressed by our government with regard to present
legislation in Portugal on the free sale of diamonds, asserted that "the
Portuguese Government wants cooperation with Angola to be all-inclusive
based on an analysis of all aspects relating to companies and legislation."

Baiao Horta also said that, with this in mind, it will be possible to come
up with forms of cooperation suitable to possible common interests and added
that "in this procedure there are no individual aspects but rather the whole
picture to be analyzed."

Items of Particular Attention

With regard to other branches of industry on which positive results were
obtained during this visit, Bento Ribeiro said that Angola was turning parti-
cular attention to sectors it considers of a priority nature--namely, the
textile, metallurgical and food industries.

8568
CSO: 4742/406



Jews will protest that Israél has been unfairly
accused all along. They may even agree with
Israel’s Cabinet that condemnation of Israel
over the massacre is a “blood libel”.

But nothing they say will convince the coun-
try’s enemies and critics that Israel is not cul-
pable. .

Whatcan Israel do now?

Some Israelis would like Mr Menachem Begin
to resign, but the Israeli Prime Minister is not
going to bow out. i

Others would like to see the Israeli Minister of |
Defence, Mr Ariet Sharon, quit, since Mr
Sharon has been too tough militarily and too
uncaring of the consequences to Israeli’s ima-
ge of the invasion and subsequent events.

He should go. ° :

But only one thing can save the day — and
that is an Israeli withdrawal not just from
West Beirut, but from the Lebanon itself.

Let the Lebanese fight their own battles —
evencif it meanssfightiig’ among themselves,
aSthey have dong fot tht pastfewyears.’

If the PLO+returns to* the Lebanon, let the-
consequente$ "be du! the heads of Paris, Lon-

* don; Athens; Bonn, Rome and the Vatican,
which favour the PLO and the Palestinian
cause. °

And if terrorism gets an image of acceptability
because of the way Yasser Arafat is now
treated, let the world bear the consequences
of making terrorism a passpoft to success.

What Israel should not do is allow itself to be

. the country that tries to sort out the Leba- ;
~_ Non’s problems. _— |

It will get no thanks for doing so. Instead, it
will heap on its head a hate which the Jews
have not had to endure since the Holocaust.

cso: 4700/1974

50



EDITORIAL REACTION TO BEIRUT MASSACRE REPORTED

Israeli Image Damaged

(Editorial]

[Text] THE HORROR of Beirut continues.

Not long after this war that has
dented the Israeli image consider-
ably, and besmirched those Western
powers connected with Israeli, the

massacre of refugees in a camp has '

shocked the world.

The shock in these almost animal-

like blood-lust is exacerbated by the
fact of Israeli’s history. One finds it
impossible to understand the minds
of people who have themselves suf-
fered under shocking conditions for
Years to act in this beastly fashion.

. .The Jews have an unbelievable
history of persecution and genocide, -
the like that very few humans would
be able to forgive and forget. It does
not seem to be doing their historic
‘anguish any good if they are the per-’
petrators of similar acts. | :

The Israeli army’s thrust into Bei-
Tut had its bad moments. Amongst
the most terrible was the way inno-
cents and civilians were caught in
the angry cross-fire. This is not un-
usual to war, and one would almost
accept it. But it appeared after-
wards that the Israelis were going on
in some kind of maniacal fury that
was very difficult to understand. -

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Sep 82 p 4

“|srael was after all not under di-
rect assault and it was obvious that 7
the Palestine Liberation Organisa-
tion (PLO) would not last out for

long. .

This problem is fraught with
dreadful undertones of hate and fear
and one even gets apprehensive
about making the wrong statements.
There is fear that one may be inter-

_ preted as being anti-Semitic or

something simply because the tra-
gedy involves Jews and Gentiles.

We are sure most sensible people
have no truck with racist and reli-

“gious hates like apartheid and anti-

Semitism, but wars such as this in-
evitably bring forth such things.

The world-wide cry of outrage is
understandable, particularly be-
cause the pivotal issues behind the
war, that is the presence of the PLO
for one, were .removed. The PLO
have moved out of Beirut and they
were ostensibly the object for Be-
gin’s determined manouvre to break
the back of all Palestine.

There seems to be something al-
most evil in the way this war has
been conducted. The fact that Ame-
rica is implicated and other Western

L8

SOUTH AFRICA



ACUTE SHORTAGE OF QUALIFIED ENGINEERS REPORTED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 4

[Text] THERE is an acute short-

cso:

age of professional engin-
‘eers in South Africa
according to a survey con-
ducted by the Federation
of Societies of Profession-
al Engines
And the shortage is ex-
pected to last for some

othe area of greatest
concern is ‘civil engin-
eering, where the supply
will approach only a quar-
ter of the annual demand
bythe mid 1980s."

. There was a shortage of
almost 2.000 professional
engineers last year, the
survey showed.

There was a shortage of
1983 professional engin-
cers in 1981, while a slight
decrease of vacancies
could be expected in 1983
with the shortfall put at
1832 with the shortage
worsening to about 2 080
in 1985.

Thus,
shortfall. of 64 percent is

4700/1974

an expected ©

| expected in 1985. The

survey indicated shortfall
figures in the various en-
gineering professions as
follows:

© Agricultural engin-
eering: an expected 50
vacancies in 1983 and
1985;

© Chemical engin-
eering: an expected 107

vacancies in 1983, and 100,

in 1985;
© Civil engineering:
d shortfalls of 73
and 868 in 1983 and 1985;
© Electrical engin-
eering: Expected shortfall
of 369 and 437 in 1983 and
1985. -
@: Mechanical

engin-

“eering: Expected shortfall

of 405 and ‘422 in 1983 and
1985.

. Metallurgical engin-
eering: 1983 and 1985
shortfall put at 31 and 35.

Su

© Mining engineering:
Expected shortfall of 60
and 55 in 1983 and 1985.

The survey indicated
that the profession of civil
engineering was moving
towards a manpower cri-
sis, and unless the situa-
tion was rectified, the fu-
ture growth of South
Africa may be severely

limited by the lack of this ©

«essential skill.

The future manpower
needs of South Africa
would have to rely on
White women, Coloured,

- Asiatic and Black engin-

cers, if the workforce es-
sential for growth is to be-
come available, according
to the survey.

While all disciplines in
professional engineering
are suffering froma lack
of manpower, the lack is

SOUTH AFRICA

believed to be even great-
er in the technical areas of
engineering. Often pro-
fessionally qualified en-
gineers are used at the
technical level because of
the lack of technicians.

The authors of the sur-
vey, Dr PJ D Lloyd and
Prof'R P Plewman, rec-
ommend a stimulation of
the flow of immigrants
with professional qualifi-
cations, on-going long-
term efforts to boost the
supply of White women,
Coloureds, Asiatics and
Blacks into engineering,
and efforts by the profes-
sion to stimulate aware-
ness of both professional
and technical careers in
engineering, _ which
should be continued at as
high a level of activity as
could be sustained.



UPPER VOLTA

BADEA FINANCING FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION
Ouagadougou L'OBSERVATEUR in French 31 Aug 82 p 8
[Text] What is the situation as far as our country is concerned?

The administrative council of the BADEA [Arab Bank for African Economic
Development] has approved the allocation to the Republic of Upper Volta of
$9 million in financial assistance.

The present loan brings the total amount of loans made to the country from
BADEA resources to $18.08 million.

In 1976, Upper Volta benefited from $4.5 million in assistance for a rural
development project, $1.88 million in aid in 1978 within the framework of the
emergency aid program, and an FSAA [Special Arab Fund for Africa] (whose re-
sources were incorporated with those of the Bank) loan for $2.7 million in
1974, granted for supplementary aid. Thus the Bank has been the source of
an appreciable amount of the total Arab assistance to this country.

The current loan is intended to cofinance a development project for the road
network of Upper Volta and is the more important because it reflects a
national as well as regional dimension.

According to national treasury data, the gross national product of Upper Volta
has increased by only 6.6 percent between 1970 and 1980 at 1970 prices, i.e.,
about 0.6 percent per year. Taking into account population growth, the
increase does not exceed 1 percent. These results are cause for great con-
cern since, as a Sahelian country, Upper Volta not only has a harsh climate
but also has relatively poor soil. In those areas whére the soil is fertile,
in the valleys, the infectious blindness which is rampant along the water
courses seriously hinders agricultural development. An equally serious ob=
stacle to the latter is an embryonic and ‘ill-suited transport system. Any
action aimed like the present project at altering this situation is regarded
by the authorities as having priority.

Outline of the Project

Beneficiary country: Republic of Upper Volta.

58



That is the biggles-style language of a soldier spoiling for a fight. It is
at odds with the defence force's usual claim that it has a defensive, not
offensive, role, Are we declaring war on Mig pilots flying in a foreign
land with the permission of the host government? Surely not, when official
policy is that armed might is only a stop-gap safeguard while politicians
resolve the problem.

The mood is infectious. If Mr Malan is bent on engaging the enemy, his men
on the home front seem bent on engaging those who, while not enemies, may

be described as critics. Twice recently the RAND DAILY MAIL has published
letters from readers expressing fears about aspects of the defence force
operation. One asked why the defence authorities issued distorted statements
on what was happening in Angola, The other asked whether indicipline and/or
inefficient supervision caused the many deaths from shooting and explosives
accidents. The letters were forthright but raised legitimate concerns. In
each case the defence force was invited to comment. And in each case the
reply was so arrogantly and offensively couched as to convey the message that
mere citizens should not presume to question their military overlords.

It is a tone more usually found in places where the army runs the country
than in places where the country runs the army.

cso: 3400/55

6



It should be noted, finally, that the agreement has no clause guaranteeing
the annual review of the minimum price. Now, the widespread inflation which
prevails at present, with its multiple consequences, makes such a provision
more than necessary.

As can be seen, it is a poor agreement which President Houphouet-Boigny, who
is concerned with the welfare of man--and who at all times has been a great
defender of the prices of our raw materials--could not help but denounce.

President's Judgment Assessed
Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 21-22 Aug 82 pp l, 27
{Editorial by Auguste Miremont: "Was Houphouet-Boigny Right Too Soon?"]

{It is significant that 2 years after the cocoa agreement went into effect,
Houphouet~Boigny has been proven right. He was right in immediately seeing
the inconsistency of this agreement, and the flagrant injustice to which it
would lead. Did it not provide, in addition to a ridiculous minimum purchase
price (110 cents per pound), for a fluctuation scheme which worked against
the producers, who could not accept it? And he was right to have made this
plain and to have maintained a line of conduct which was unable to dampen the
fire nurtured by pressures encouraged, as is known, by the speculators, those
who would starve our people, those who would profit from the sweat of others.

Is there any need to explain this unanimous opposition to our president by
the fact that "prophets," or very simply visionaries, are never right at the
time?

In fact I remember the rout of certain producers because of the threat of the
"money men," despite the firm promises--made in Yamoussoukro in March of 1980--
to establish a solid and united front, come what may.

I further recall that article, insulting in its essence, which was signed,
also 2 years ago, by one of the contributors to an "African" weekly, who pre-
cisely because he represented himself as such, should have become the advocate
of the African peasants against those who exploit our continent. In this ar-
ticle, "they" pitted our chief of state against other large African cacao pro-
ducers, irritated, "they" said, by the "stubbornness" of Houphouet-Boigny in
refusing to support an agreement he believed to be basically unjust. And "they"
explained this refusal in terms of the following argument: "As the Ivory Coast
could in a few years become a net oil exporter, it can allow itself the luxury
of scuttling the cocoa agreement today." And "they" asked in this article

if oil had not thus perhaps "gone to the head" of our president.

As we saw, the stinging and petty attacks came from all sides, even from those
we had thought we could consider on our side. And no one--which suggests that
our "Old Man" was sufficiently well known--foresaw that the Ivory Coast would
thus resist the "money powers." "...It is not impossible," the Swiss daily

LA TRIBUNE DE GENEVE wrote at that time, "that the citizens of the Ivory Coast...
will yield in the coming months to the pressures of those more powerful than
they."

18



[Question] Why do you call this a "political victory"? Isn't it, rather, a
'y y
commercial victory?

[Answer] I think we can consider it a political victory because it confirms
that there has been a noticeable and rapid growth in the various forms of co-
operation, and a political readiness, not only of two sovereign states to
expand this cooperation, but most specifically a willingness of two peoples
who have bonds of friendship and who wish to go forward with their mutual col-
laboration.

Improved Foreign Trade Situation

[Question] Specifically regarding the exportation of Portuguese technology
to Mozambique, did FACIM offer anything new?

[Answer] We are assured of providing technology through numerous technical
assistance agreements already signed between Portuguese and Mozambican com-
panies. The People's Republic of Mozambique has 3-year and 5-year plans,
and their own programs for the next 2 years are already defined. Portugal
will play an active part in some of these, specifically in the expansion of
a glass factory in Mozambique. This is one of the export sectors Mozambique
is counting on to improve its trade balance. We will also cooperate in the
feed and fertilizer sectors, in the automobile sector, with the construction
of assembly plants for light and heavy vehicles, and in the maintenance of the
Mozambican automotive park. Participation in the construction of fishing
boats to improve the Mozambican fleet is also under study.

Mozambique is particularly interested in developing its industrial sectors,
not only with domestic consumption in mind but primarily to expand its ex-
port capacity, namely to the Front Line countries. In our cooperation, we
must always bear in mind that Mozambique must improve its foreign trade situ-
ation; in fact, this is also the best way for us to improve our relations and
our own exports.

[Question] The transport question is particularly important for Mozambique.
How could Portugal participate in this sector?

[Answer] We are cooperating in the repair of the rail lines, and we dis-
cussed some possibilities for participation in the equipment sector, namely
in the manufacture of railway cars. Some very significant steps were taken
regarding reequipment of the ports; the Mozambican Government expressed a
desire for participation by Portuguese companies in two major projects now in
progress: design of the administrative plan of the ports and overhaul of all
the port equipment.

In Mozambique's Hands

[Question] How do you think the volume of exports to Mozambique will develop
in the coming years?

36



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

TRACTORS FROM BRITAIN--Zimbabwe has been presented with eight tractors and
two water drilling rigs worth over $200,000 by Britain. The rigs will be
used in the Midlands Province and the tractors are to be used in different
parts of the country. Speaking at the presentation ceremony, the British
High Commissioner, Mr Byatt, gave an assurance that more assistance will
be given under the British aid program. [Excerpt] [MB061307 [Harare]
Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 5 Oct 82 MB]

PARTY OFFICIAL RELEASED--The vice president of the newly-formed Botswana
Progressive Party, BPU [as heard], (Mr Apawo Haboreke Molake), was released
from custody this morning after signing a bond of 1,000 pula. One other
person also signed a surety for (Mr Molake), in the same amount. (Mr Molake),
former subordinate tribal authority from (Ahalape) appeared before the
Gaberone magistrate court on 3 September for allegedly being found in
possession of five (?rough) diamonds valued at more than 1,000 pula. He

was arrested at his home in (Ahalape), (Mr Molake) will appear for mention
this afternoon in the Gaberone magistrate court. [Text] [MB161412 Gaberone
Domestic Service in English 1115 GMT 16 Sep 82 MB]

DANISH AID-~Zimbabwe will receive aid worth about $9 million from the Danish
Government in various projects. An agreement signed by the Ministry of
Finance, Economic Planning and Development on behalf of the government will
include projects such as rural afforestation, veterinary research, improve-
ment of rural roads and health care. The agreement also covers technical
cooperation. The Danish Government has also expressed its willingness to
fund the building of a training centre for communal women. [Text]

[MB080757 Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 8 Oct 82 MB]

cso: 3400/55 END

67



SOUTH AFRICA

Attitude of Malan, Defense Force Scored
(Editorial; RAND DAILY MAIL, 7 Oct 82) w.ssscesesseeeees

Anglican Conference Discusses Apartheid
(THE CITIZEN, 21 Sep 82) ..scscsscccscececscecesecenee oe

Editorial Reaction to Beirut Massacre Reported
(Editorial; various sources, 21 Sep 82) ..ssccseeeeeeees

Israeli Image Damaged
Sharon Ouster Backed

TMA Group Recommends Separate Development
(Ameen Akhalwaya; RAND DAILY MAIL, 7 Oct 82) ....seeeee

TUCSA Chief Warns on I11-Considered Strike Action
(Murray McNally; THE CITIZEN, 21 Sep 82) ...sseceeeeeeee

Acute Shortage of Qualified Engineers Reported
(THE CITIZEN, 21 Sep 82) .sccscsccsccccccccccvesececeees

ANC Willing To Hold Talks, Says Tutu
(SOWETAN, 21 Sep 82) .csccsccccccsccecsceeceerscceeseees

Briefs
Swazi Border Talks
Argus Circulation Error
Fellowship for Prince
PFP Candidate
Farmers Warned
ZAPU Leaders Remanded
Troubled Economy
Indian Party Backs Reforms

UPPER VOLTA

BADEA Financing for Highway Construction
(L'OBSERVATEUR, 31 Aug 82) .....

ZAIRE

Expanded Relations With Portugal Gratifies Portuguese Community
(Editorial, Cartaxo e Trindade; 0 PRIMEIRO DE JANEIRO,
17 Aug 82) ....... . .

ZIMBABWE

Constitutional Inconsistencies To Be Corrected, Says Mugabe
(THE CITIZEN, 21 Sep 82) .sccscccccccccccecccvecceeceees

-ec-

45

47

48

51

53

54

58

61

63



MOZAMBIQUE

DPRK ASSISTANCE IN SALT COMPLEX
Beira DIARO DE MOCAMBIQUE in Portuguese 17 Aug 82 p 1

[Text] A team of technicians and specialists from the Democratic People's
Republic of Korea [DPRK] recently visited the Mambone saltworks complex to
study existing resources, to aid in training Mozambican workers of this sector
and to build improved housing for them by taking advantage of existing natural
resources.

The Korean team was accompanied by staff members of the ministries of Industry
and Energy and Public Works and Housing.

Inaugurated last year, the Mambone saltworks not only produces domestic sup-
plies but it also contributes foreign earnings to the nation by exporting to
some neighboring countries.

A series of projects aimed at increasing production at the site have already
been completed. Among these are the pumping station and the resevoirs for
precipitating and increasing the sea water's salinity. This year that complex
is planning to Produce up to 25,000 tons of salt.

i ne mn
It should be noted that the governor of Inhambane Province, Alberto Sithole,
met with the Korean team of technicians and specialists with whome he dis-
cussed the possibility of aid in the construction of fishing and passenger
boats to benefit the saltworks laborers.

9935
CSO: 4742/396

29



Asked what kinds of diseases the doctors will be called upon to treat, Gadalla
said that in coming to Burundi, the group of Libyan doctors had a general idea
of diseases common in Central Africa from the start.. He mentioned in particu-
lar asthma, conjunctivitis, measles, stomach ailments, rhumatism and many
other endemic diseases.

The purpose of the mission is not only to administer care, but also to study
so that in the future, "we may be able to aid our African brothers in need,”
the head of the Libyan delegation stated, adding that all three groups now in
Africa will gather all information together so as to put together a compendium
that may be consulted by doctors and also Libyan universities.

The agronomists will. examine livestock, administer care and purchase medicine

locally. Like their physician colleagues, the agronomists will perform the
same work on livestock. . . .

Regarding possible aid which Travelling Islamic might provide to the clinics,
Gadalla said that the two hospitals they have already visited, Rumonge and
Kayanza, are short of equipment, but their mission has not planned to handle
such a problem. However, it will put the problem to the organization which
has sent it as soon as it returns to Libya. The Libyan delegation promised
to report on its stay in our country upon its conclusion.

11,464
CsO: 3419/1

15



Controlling the Locusts

This optimism is shared by Mr Madjo Patrice, the official in charge of the
FRAR [Regional Rural Development Fund] technical control center in Dimbokro.
But, according to Mr Madjo, we must first prevent the exodus of the young to
the country's forested areas, an exodus which leaves older people--too weak
to farm even a small field--alone in the villages. If a remedy is not found,
it will be difficult to save the region.

Reflecting the villagers’ concern, the FRAR technician adds that, for the mo-
ment, priority should be given to controlling the stinking locusts which
devastate the plantations every year.

Another field technician whom we met, Mr Yapo Pierre of DMC [expansion unknown],
acknowledges that the subsoil around Dimbokro is not too good for growing cocoa
or coffee, which send roots deep into the ground. According to him, if the old
plantations are to be kept, in addition to replanting, new growing methods
should be introduced to replace the present archaic methods.

Mr Sako Douada, a buyer of agricultural products and a merchant, blames the
poor agricultural performance of the cocoa loop region on the young: "The Bo-
canda district--I know it well, I lived there for a long time--used to have
85,000 inhabitants; now it has only 60,000 because of the exodus of the young."

Mr Abou Sall (a merchant) stated that: "The growth of the region will be the
result of its sons' efforts." According to Mr Abou Sall, there is no better
solution than crop diversification to save the cocoa loop and bring back the
young. Party and government are giving us an opportunity, let us set to work
and we shall see what ccmes of it! At any rate, we must do it quickly.

9294
CsO: 3419/26

21



IVORY COAST

ASPECTS OF 1980 COCOA AGREEMENT DISCUSSED
Unsuitable Agreement
Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 19 Aug 82 p 4

[Text] The 1980 cocoa agreement, as is known, has never received the approval
of the Ivory Coast, the leading producer country, with a total of more than
400,000 tons. This is simply because it was conceived to guarantee an abundant
market supply under conditions when prices were favorable to consumers, but

it paradoxically ignored the need to create conditions for the development

of production. As Mr Bra Kanon told the 36th General Assembly of the Alliance,
held last year in our country, "the breadth of the 40-cent spread between the
lowest and highest purchase price limits, which also favored excessive varia-
tions in the rates and the mobility of these prices, the purpose of which is
to liberate cacao for the purpose of negotiations at times when the rates are
excessively low justify the statement that the agreement penalizes the coun-
tries which make an effort to produce more." In addition, its operation in-
cludes a policy called the semi-automatic revision system, which has numerous
series of consequences. In this connection Minister Bra Kanon stressed that
the mobility of prices as conceived increases the margin of fluctuation, which
may increase from 40 to 48 or even 50 cents, representing a 20 percent variation.
Without the principle of stabilization implemented on the planters' level in
the Ivory Coast, this meant a drop in the purchase price of 60 francs in 1980.
For this year, the figure is considerably more.

The agreement also leads to an uncertain and vulnerable minimum price level,
particularly because of the limited corrective capacity of the regulatory stock,
at the 110-cent level in particular. This is aggravated by the drop in the
minimum purchase price, the level of which is not satisfactory, and this creates
a constant uncertainty about the export income and favors speculation on the
decline.

In addition, the minimum purchase price establishing the floor price was estab-
lished at 110 cents per pound. It leads, through the interplay of planned
reductions, to a minimum of 102 cents per pound, or 610 francs per kg.

Compared with the production and marketing costs (870 francs per kg for the
Ivory Coast, or about U.S.$250), this level does not cover the cost price of
the product and thus puts producers in a continuing deficit position. In the
Ivory Coast, this deficit comes to more than 200 billion every year.

17



MOZAMBIQUE

CUBAN COOPERANTS DONATE FUNDS DESPITE LOW SALARY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 20 Aug 82 p 1

[Text] The president of the FRELIMO party, Marshall Samora Machel, received
yesterday afternoon groups of Italian and Cuban cooperants who offered him
contributions in support of the fourth congress in a gesture of firm support
to the struggle of the Mozambican people. Those donations from private con-
tributors amount to 185,000 meticals and 2,200 dollars.

"You contribution is an encouragement to us. It is an encouragement to know
and to witness such gestures from our friends the Italian:comrades who sup-
ported us when victory was uncertain, when victory was still a dream: at

that time, you had no doubt--you supported us because you know that a peo-
ple's struggle is always victorious," the president of the FRELIMO party stated
upon receiving the Italian cooperants' contribution in the amount of 88,000
meticals and 2,200 dollars.

The representative of the Italian cooperants underscored the fact that this
donation represents merely a first contribution for the fourth congress.

President Samora Machel expressed his gratitude for the contribution, emphasiz-
ing its significance as a manifestation of solidarity with the Mozambican peo-
ple and as proof of the reinforcement and consolidation of relations with the
democratic and progressive forces of the whole world.

"Partners and fighters in the great trenches, the example you have just pro-
vided here is considered by us as an unfurled flag so that all will continue
with determination," the FRELIMO party president stated at the second cere-
mony iituresponse to the warm message delivered by the Cuban cooperants.

That group of Cuban cooperants currently in Mozambique, following agreements
at the party level underscored that with their donation they sought to con-
tribute to the strengthening of the bonds linking our two revolutions and
our two Marxist parties.

Marshall Samora Machel praised the gesture of these Cuban Communist Party
militants because, despite the fact that their salaries are practically in-
significant, they were able to raise among themselves 97,000 meticals in
contributions." For us it is an encouragement as well as a teaching to see
these comrades who have been here for many years, away from their family, but
whose sole concern is the continuing development of the revolution.

12194

CSO: 4742/394
30



The people were gradually won over, and now, even if they are only slightly
ill, they go to the doctor. "Thus, we are able to practice preventive me-
dicine," Ana Rosa said.

A Total of 17 Provinces

What is occurring in Malanje Province is also occurring in 17 provinces and
dozens of municipalities throughout Angola. To be precise, there have been
more than 123,000 patients treated by Cuban internationalists in the past 6
years, ever since the first medical team arrived in Cabinda at the end of 1975.

During that period, more than 8 million consultations were held with the people,
while "emergency" services were provided in about 1.5 million medical cases,
and almost half a million persons received dental care.

At the same time, surgical operations of a serious nature exceeded 73,000,
whereas minor operations numbered 60,000. In addition, more than 88,000
patients were treated with anesthesiology, whereas there were more than
2,600,000 cases involving clinical research, bacteriological examinations
and x ray.

Despite the fact that the Cuban internationalists are exercising 34 medical
specialities and 24 paramedic specialities, there is an obvious tendency to
strengthen collaboration, not only in the diversity of services but also in
the technical-teaching domain, with emphasis on medium-level schools which,
throughout the country, is bringing general knowledge and medical knowledge
to an increasing number of citizens.

8568
cso: 4742/406



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SWAZI BORDER TALKS--Swaziland will continue negotiations with South Africa over the
controversial Ingwavuma and KwaNgwane land deals even if other African countries are
hostile to such talks. This was stressed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr RV
Dlamini, who said Swaziland was lobbying for support among African countries on the
border-adjustments issue. "Africa has so far demonstrated understanding, although
many countries are cautious not to commit themselves," Mr Dlamini said in the Swazi
government's first public statement on the land deal since King Sobhuza died three
weeks ago.--SANS [Text] [Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Sep 82 p 3]

ARGUS CIRCULATION ERROR--The circulation figures of the Argus publication, The Sowetan,
have been wrong since the paper's inception in February last year. The manager of
The Sowetan Mr Pim Orban, said the figures have been out by an average of 170 copies
a day because circulation figures included free and voucher copies. "It is an admin-
istrative error on the part of our publishers, Allied Publishing Ltd., who supplied
our circulation figures." Mr Orban said. "There was no way we could have known
about the mistake. "We only discovered it recently as there was a shortage of news—
papers being distributed. As a result the net sales certificates are wrong," he said.
In an Audit Bureau of Circulation circular to its members it is recommended that the
certificates issued between February 1981 and June 1982 be withdrawn. The circular
states the reason for requesting the withdrawal is that The Sowetan had received ad-
vice from the publishing company that free and voucher copies had not been excluded

from the circulation figures. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep
82 p 2]

FELLOWSHIP FOR PRINCE--Cape Town--Fellowship membership of the Institute of
Administration and Commerce of South Africa has been conferred on the Prime Minister

of Swaziland, Prince Mabandla Dlamini.--SAPA [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN
in English 21 Sep 82 p 2]

PFP CANDIDATE--Cape Town--The Progressive Federal Party has announced the name of
its candidate for the Provincial by-election in Stellenbosch, He is

Mr Johann Gilomee, a farmer from the Bredasdorp area. Mr Gilomee (58) will be
involved in a three-cornered fight between the PFP, the National Party and the

Conservative Party.--SAPA [S. Moller] [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English
21 Sep 82 p 2]

56



Victor Fernandes was also in South Africa in June and July, where he met with
Gary van Dyke and other officials of the secret services of the government

in Pretoria. It is reported that the main guidelines of Operation Kubango
were laid out at these meetings, and the schedule for its implementation es-
tablished.

Diplomat Involved

The South African embassy in Lisbon itself is said to have been involved in
the conspiracy. Its consular services provided Victor Fernandes with the visa
allowing him to enter that country about 2 months ago. This authorization,
dated 11 May 1982, was entered in the Portuguese passport numbered 3447/82
issued by the Setubal civil government. Since Victor Fernandes holds Angolan
citizenship, this document must have been obtained by fraudulent means.

Victor Fernandes submitted this passport to obtain the visa in question to

the naval and air attache at the South African embassy, Lt Jacobus Everhardus
Louw, during a meeting they had at the Empire Cafe in Lisbon on 10 May. An
EXPRESSO reporter was present at the meeting between the two men, which lasted
about half an hour (from 1800 to 1830 hours), at the end of which Victor
Fernandes left the passport in the hands of Jacobus Louw. The South African
diplomat left the site of the meeting first, and Victor Fernandes followed

a few minutes later.

The plotters have been supported in Portugal by Fernando Simoes, a former mili-
tia ensign in the Commando Battalion which worked with Col Santos e Castro's
column in 1975. Fernando Simoes was seen a number of times in Lisbon in the
company of Victor Fernandes and Gary van Dyke. Recently, he also traveled

to South Africa, where he is reported to have met with these two individuals.

Government Awareness

The man mainly responsible for the military planning of the operation seems

to be South African Brig Gen Jack Rollins, with whom Gary van Dyke, Victor
Fernandes and Fernando Simoes met in that country. Jack Rollins, whose real
name is James J. Koos Kemp, was described to EXPRESSO as the head of the DONS
and one of the key leaders of the secret services of the South African army,
where he was in charge of counterespoinage. According to what EXPRESSO learned
from a reliable source, Jack Rollins was also in Portugal during the last days
of May.

The representative of the anti-Castro refugees who participated in the London
meeting is an American, Frank Sturgis, who in the mid-1970's was closely linked
with John Stockwell, a CIA specialist in African affairs.

It is not known if Sturgis still has links with the U.S. spy service or not.
But his name was well known long before that. In fact, Frank Sturgis was one
of the five participants in the break-in at the Democratic Party headquarters
in the Watergate building in Washington in 1972, which gave rise to the polit-
ical scandal which culminated in the resignation of President Richard Nixon.
The American magazine NEWSWEEK, in a article on the 10 years of the Watergate



MOZAMBIQUE

SPANISH COOPERATION IN FISHING VESSELS PLANNED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 21 Aug 82 p 8

[Text] "Spain could become involved in the construction of wooden boats in
Mozambique for the development of semi-industrial and small-scale private
fishing," D. Miguel Aldosoro, undersecretary general of fisheries in the
Spanish Government declared to our reporter before his return to Spain yes-
terday, after a short visit to the People's Republic of Mozambique.

Concerning cooperation between the two countries in the fishing sector, D. Mi-
guel Aldosoro declared that there has been a major qualitative increase in
that field, with this year's establishment of government relations between
the two countries.

It was on the basis of this "qualitative advance" that the undersecretary
general of fisheries in the Spanish Government acknowledged the possibility
of a visit of Spanish technicians to Mozambique to assist the already planned
series construction of boats for semi-industrial and small-scale private fish-
ing.

That member of the Spanish Government declared to our reporter that during
his stay in Mozambique he presented to the state secretariat of fisheries of
the People's Republic of Mozambique a study prepared by Spanish experts which
would determine the ideal type of boat for the development of fishing along
the Mozambican coast.

Concerning the Spanish party's opinion on the ideal kind of boat for fishing
in Mozambique, D. Miguel said that "wooden boats would be ideal, especially
given the fact that Mozambique is endowed with the natural resoruces in wood
for their manufacture.

The undersecretary of fisheries of the Spanish Government also stated that
"a certain tradition and knowledge of naval construction already exists in
Mozambique and consequently the construction of wooden boats is advisable for
several reasons?

The study was based on a survey of the principal marine resources existing
in our waters.

27



CONSTITUTIONAL INCONSISTENCIES TO BE CORRECTED, SAYS MUGABE

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 10

[Text] HARARE. — Distor-'!
tions inherent in Zim- *
babwe’s Constitution.

* needed ta be corrected,
the Prime Minister, Mr
Roberg Mugabe, said in
Harare yesterday.

Opening the 10th ses-
sion of the executive com-
mittee’ of the Union of
African Parliaments, Mr
Mugabe said Parliament
must be reformed to re- :
flect the new order in
Zimbabwe.

“The question we are;
grappling with at the mo-~
ment is how far the West- <
em Parliamentary democ-
Facy would be-adapted to~
suit our condition .and

‘Situation in Zimbabwe, “4

he said.

“What - purpose ie
served by African Parlia-
ments which are carbon ©
copies of our ertswhile -
master?” he asked, add-
ing that this was the kind ;
of issue the union should *
be concemed with. i

There was a “persistent *
view” that unless African -
institutions were shaped
in accordance with West-:
ern ideas, they vitiated
democracy. ..

cso: 4700/1974

<institution.-

“Democracy,
ing to this view, is either
Western or non-exist-
ent,” Mr Mugabe said.

~ However. .if . Parlia-

was vital that the ordinary
people should be imvolved
if true déomcracy was to
prevail. + 0
Zimbabwe could not

afford ‘the luxury of pro- |

tracted arid sometimes
nauseating, obstructionist
debates that tie .down
Ministers and delay the

practical implementation,’
Pro-§

“of “Government's
gramme,” the Prime Min
ter said.

:; Debate for ‘the sake of :
< debate neutralised: the ef-
* ficacy of Parliament and’.
undermined its compet-.

ence as. both a deliber- -
tive. and a legislative

“Ts must similarly ‘state’
“that in a multi-party State
tike our own, opposition
for the sake of opposition
becomes at times a
“characteristic featuré of

63

“accord-*

‘Were re-shaped, it

the” deliberations in Par-
liament, since those in op-
position operate to the
gallery of the constituents.
who voted them into pow-

er, generally to oppose *

and not Support the Gov-
‘erm ent.” = =

With the exception of
“the haridful of Republi-
can Front_ members,”
however,: Zanu, Zapu,
UANC aiid White Inde-
pendent members of Par-
liament had worked satis-
factorily on all major
issues, and had voted as a
group, he added.”

Nevertheless it was the
belief of Zanu (PF) and

.most Zimbabweans that a

one-party Parliamentary
system was more effective.
than the multi-party sys-
tem, “provided, of
course, that the one party
in question is so broadly
based as to constitute a.

* party of national unity.”

In a one-party State the
party’s Central Commit-
tee would be the first fo-
tum for Policy f formula-.

ZIMBABWE

comes the second forum
for planning legislation to
implement policy and
Parliament becomes a
third forum for deliberat-
ing on and enacting the
law proposed by the Cabi-
net.

“As all the members of
Parliament will have be-
come familiar’ with the
policy sought to be imple-
mented at the party level,
where the pros and cons
‘of sych policy will have

Cabinet’ then be-"

been exhaustively dis- i

cussed, no protracted de-

-bates ‘would - really be
necessary,” Mr Mugabe |
said. — Sapa.



“Despite generous
White' moves to break
down inequalities and dis-
crimination, opposition
from self-appiointed
Black nationalist leaders
increased,as did their de-
mands.

“Each concession was’
regarded as weakness and
surrender.. Demands for
total political power be-
gan to be made with in-
creasing violence and acts
of intimidation. -

“This, allied with the,
break-up of the Feder-
ation, the Rhodesian.
Government's vacillation
in the face of Black de-
mands afid’British Gov-
ermment “equivocation,

produced a lack of morale

reached a record 13 638,
exceeding immigration by *
6 508.” -. an ve

Post-UDI-Period

- “The;
strong, determined stand
taken by the’ new Rhode-°”
sia Front Party and its
leader, Mr Ian Smith, re-
stored White morale and
confidence in Govern-~
ment.

“In spite of internat- .
ional sanctions and viru-
lent international attack,
internal peace and order
returned to Rhodesia.

“Radical, _revolution-
ary leaders were de-
tained. any suggestion of
further massive political
concesssions was  dis-
missed. Whites felt, with
determined and positive
leadership, that they now
had a chance of stemming
the tide of communist-~
supported Black national-

cso: 4700/1974

“Immigration from
1965-75 soared to
121 900, with emigration
totalling 68 870, resulting
in a net gain of 53 170 —
nearly 10 000a year.

“The country’s biggest
White population figure
of 270 000 was reached.
The economic situation
was sound, race relations
good. Some 80 percent of
the country’s security
forces were Black volun-

_ teers.”

knee

Post-Kissinger Per-
dod: 1976-79
_,. “In 1976 Tan’

Smith and: his’ advisers,
under pressure from the
South African Prime Min-
ister, accepted of instant
majority rule in return for
certain vaguely promised
safeguards. *

““A split occurred in the
tuling Rhodesia Front.
‘White morale began to ~
plummet.

“White emigration fig-
ures suddenly increased
from 9 242 in 1975 (itself
by far the highest figure
for 11 years) to 13 013 in

71976.

. “It was also the first
time in 10 years that emi-
gration exceeded immi-
gration, the net loss being
over 5 000.”

Post-Lancaster
House Agreement
“While large

numbers of Whites, aver-
aging 1 500 monthly, left -
‘in.a steady stream, there
“was not ‘the wholesale
exodus expected after
Mugabe’s shock election «
victory.

“This could be <attri-
buted to his soft-sell poli-
cy of ‘conciliation’ and his
appointment of a coali-
tion-type Cabinet.”

Other factors were at
work. Many younger
people had already left.
Restrictions of movement
of capital (Z$1 000 a fam-
ily) made it difficult for
emigrants to begin. life
anew elsewhere. There
was also a lack of-employ-
ment opportunities in
suitable settler countries.

“Possibly the most po-
tent reason of all was that
potential emigrants to
South Africa (constituting
the largest majority)
feared they. could be
jumping from the frying
pan into the fire.”

The report visualises
sharply accelerated White
departures over the next
eight months, largely be-
cause of the Mugabe
Government's inability to
maintain law and order;
the increase in dissident
and terrorist activity; the
deteriorating standards of
justice, health and educa-
tion; the introduction of
the recent harsh “‘bond-
ing” requirements for
White apprentices; and
wersening conditions
both in the general econ-
omy and in race relations.

“When South Africans
really appreciate the rea-
lities of Black Marxist

~ gule and the fact that po-

tential Black rule in the
RSA will be Marxist then

there may be a renewed

65

stiffening of attitude
there,” the report says.
“White South Africans
will have even more limi-
ted opportunities to emi-
grate than did the Rhode-
sians as more and more
countries go communist.”



UNITED FRONT URGED ON WORLD ISSUES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 10

{Text]

cso:

HARARE. |

front at international fo-

rams on the main political _

and ecortomic issues fac-

ing the world, the Zim- :

babwean Prime Minister,
Mr Robert Mugabe, said.
yesterday,

‘Opening the 10th ses- °
sion of the executive com-
mittee of the Union of

African Parliaments, Mr |

Mugabe said this" was

necessary even. though ~

there were differing forms |
of government and a di-
versity of political beliefs ©
within Africa.

“T’believe the Union of
African Parliaments has
the capacity to advance |
the larger world causes to ©
which we, as African

Jeaders, are committed,”

he said.
He cited these as deco-

lonisation, human rights, °
nuclear disarmament, a i

just international econ-
omic order, réspect for
national boundaries and *
the right of each sover-
eign state to self-determi-
nation.

_“In the modern world,»

4700/1974

" AfricaTM
should present a united *

. independence also means
interdependence and co- ‘
) Operation among nations «
and it is in this spirit that.
we take seriously our
membership of the Afri-
can Union of Parlia-
ments.”
Africa had united in the
_ quest for Zimbabwean
liberation and must con-;
tinue to work for inde-:
pendence in: South West
Africa and South Africa.
~ Mr Mugabe said he
hoped Parliaments rep-
resented at the confer-
ence would continue to
reinforce the efforts of
the Organisation of Afri-
can Unity to defeat colo-

nialism in those two coun-
tries.
Zimbabwe supported

the liberation struggles in
South West Africa and
South Africa, he said. "

The Prime Minister
also called on African
countries “in collabora-
tion with its friends in the.
Middle East” to help the
Palestinian people find a
home and “in denouncing
the Zionist acts of aggres-
sion against the Palestini-

Lams”.

66

The union was started
in Abidjan in 1976 with
nine founding members.
Its membership has now
swelled to 25. Eighteen
countries are tepresented
at the Harare session.~<—
Sapa.

ZIMBABWE



MAURITIUS

PRIME MINISTER'S ATTITUDE QUESTIONED
MBO80954 Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 29 Sep 82 p 4
[Article by Lindsay Riviers: "Bad Temper and Edginess"]

[Excerpt]. Becoming suddenly conscious of the extent of the growing malaise
shaking the country, members of government with the prime minister at their
head held a public rally Friday at Goodlands to explain their policies and
to justify the rather slow pace of change.

Mr Aneerood Jugnauth chose to have the discussion cover two topics:

A. The heavy burden left by the outgoing regime that does not allow the
new government to translate its program into concrete actions.

B. The "good will” of the new ministers "who are sparing no efforts," he
said, "to carry out their duties efficiently.”

Accordingly, as an example, Mr Jugnauth recalled "sacrifices" made by his
ministers and himself in terms of material security and the abolition of

the duty free privileges, and stressed--once again--that "he is not particularly
enthralled with the status of. the office of prime minister," and that he is
deeply hurt and irritated by current reports to the contrary.

The head of government's insistence on reminding people of the great self-
control he showed in accepting his new functions and the increasing annoyance
he shows to criticism begin to become too distasteful not to provoke some
observations:

1. The present bad temper of the people was to a large extent foreseeable, and
it is surprising that this surprises the new leaders of the country. It is
undoubtedly true to say that, lesiglatively speaking, parliament has done a
good job in the past 3 months. However, one should not forget that no matter
how positive laws may be, such as guarantees to hold elections, and so on,

they respond more to intellectual needs and do not change the material
conditions of life at all for the people. Yet it was on its promise to
improve precisely the material quality of life that the Mauritian militant

2h



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

SOUTH AFRICA REPORTED PLANNING COUP IN ANGOLA
Lisbon EXPRESSO in Portuguese 7: Aug 82 pp l, 3
{Article by Joaquim Vieira and Miguel Sousa Tavares]

[Text] Cooperating with a vast coalition of forces in disagreement with the
Luanda regime, South Africa is planning an operation designed to change the
government in Angola, EXPRESSO has learned through studies carried out in recent
months.

This operation, code-named "Kubango," was ordered by means of a secret agree-
ment signed in London last April by representatives of the South African spy
services, officials in the Angolan administration, members of the UNITA
[National Union for the Total Independence of Angola] and the FNLA, and a repre-
sentative of an anti-Castro refugee organization headquartered in Washington.

The information obtained by EXPRESSO points to the completion of a vast and
detailed plan calling for a military invasion of Angola, simultaneous with
the seizure of the government in Luanda by dissident elements in the MPLA.

Basically repeating the joint strategy used by the anti-MPLA forces during

the 1975 war, the plan calls for the invasion of Angola by two military columns,
one advancing from Zaire (to the north) and the other from Namibia (to the
south).

The northern column will be made up of about 500 mercenaries, who will have
previously been transported to Gabon and from there to Zaire, where they will
join FNLA forces. Their mission will be to move rapidly in the direction of
the settlement of Ambriz, where it is expected that they will encounter Cuban
defense forces, and they may then proceed to Luanda to provide support, if
necessary, for the uprising which will take place in the capital city.

The column from the south, made up of mercenaries and UNITA units, will also
march on Luanda. This group will go into action along with the regular South
African military forces, which will launch an attack in depth within Angolan
territory, allegedly against SWAPO bases.

Although an effort is being made to make it seem that this campaign originated
mainly with Angolan opposition elements, it is reported that in fact the entire



Projected White Emigration Figures Offered
(Aida Parker; THE CITIZEN, 21 Sep 82) .......

United Front Urged on World Issues

Briefs

(THE CITIZEN, 21 Sep 82) .ccccscsccccsceceseceseescnces

Tractors From Britain

Party Official Released

Danish Aid

64

66

67

67



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

SECURITY MINISTER IN BULGARIA--Sofia--Col Juliao Mateus Paulo, "Dino

Matross," Angolan minister of state security, was received Friday by Todor
Zhivkov, secretary general of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Commu-
nist Party. During the meeting, Todor Zhivkov once more emphasized the support
of the Bulgarian people for the struggle of the Angolan people against the
South African aggressors. Juliao Mateus Paulo, in turn, condemned the non-
declared war being waged by the South African racist regime against the
People's Republic of Angola and the support being given to this regime by

the imperialist forces, headed by the United States. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL
DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 12 Sep 82 p 1] 8568

CSO: 4742/406

13



The military equipment sought by those in charge of the operation in South
Africa (which a military expert told EXPRESSO is "substantial in scope") in-
cludes, in addition to mortars, hand grenades, bazookas, rocket launchers,
machine guns and thousands of automatic rifles, tanks, antiaircraft equipment,
trucks, jeeps and bridges which can be dismantled. The fact that plans call
for the use of 2,000 sidearms and defensive grenades leads to the conclusion
that the conspirators are also preparing for urban guerrilla warfare. The
strategists will also rely on air support from South Africa.

Other information gathered by EXPRESSO (which is naturally difficult to confirm,
as is the case with a part of what has been reported above, although it comes
from sources we regard as reliable) suggests that the operation may be launched
within the near future--possibly later this month or in September. This suppo-
sition is also supported by the fact that the recruiting of mercenaries is
already well along.

But there are other indications that Operation Kubango is scheduled soon.

One is the massive concentration of South African forces reported near the
Angolan-Namibian frontier, which has led a number of Angolan leaders (including
President Eduardo dos Santos) to issue warnings recently on the imminence of

an "unprecedented invasion" of the country's territory. Two weeks ago, Angola
Minister of Defense Pedro Maria Tonha (Pedale) also referred to the movement

of mercenaries from various countries together with these forces from the
Pretoria army.

The Lisbon Connection

A resurgence of activity on the part of men whose movements EXPRESSO has at-
tempted to follow recently, and who form what might be called Operation Kubango's
“Lisbon connection," point in the same direction.

In fact, the Portuguese capital has served as one of the principal bases for
those conspiring against the Angolan government. A number of meetings at which
the details of the operation were planned and the financial resources allocated
to cover a part of the foreign costs have been channeled there.

Moreover, Lisbon is the base from which one of those mainly responsible for
Operation Kubango, Victor Fernandes, is operating. He is an Angolan dissident
and liaison agent between the domestic opposition to the government in Luanda
and the South African secret services.

Victor Fernandes has met in Lisbon with another of the "brains" of the opera-
tion a number of times. He is a South African, Gary van Dyke, described as
the European agent of the Department of National Security (DONS) in Pretoria.
Van Dyke, whose headquarters is normally in London, where he has an office
near Victoria Station and a residence in Chelsea, stayed in room No 1224 at
the Hotel Penta in Lisbon from 23 May to 5 June last. He then flew to South
Africa, and returned to the British capital some weeks later. In the final
days of July, he traveled to Portugal again with his wife and two children,
to spend a few days of vacation at a house on the Costa da Caparica.



Should we rejoice today that the secretary general of the Alliance of Cocoa
Producing Countries, Mr Oshinibi Ayo, himself admits that the 1980 agreement
is ill adapted and clumsy? And that the Ivory Coast was right in not endors-
ing it? Let us indeed rejoice that this conclusion has finally been reached.
But how much time has been lost, which the producers could have used profitably
to achieve their goals. What are they? A new agreement should take into
account:

--the principle of annual price revision, with the rate of variation from one
year to another being negotiated;

--the production cost and the factors linked with that cost (inflation, mone-
tary erosion, etc) in the establishment of a minimum price;

--the principle of a guarantee, throughout the season, for the price estab-
lished.

Mr. Oshinibi Ayo said during his recent visit to Abidjan that three conditions
are essential to guarantee the success of an operation: credibility, efficien-
cy and feasibility. The negotiators should remember this when they meet again,
in order to avoid the exclusion of the producers' goals.

Let these experts be more open if they can, for they seem closed to any concept
of justice, tothecries of our peasant-president in his crusade for equity in
relations between the North and the South. He commented bitterly in Paris last
November that "they deny us the real cost of our farm production, while one
cannot decently speak of prices for wheat, wine or milk without taking the
production cost into account." And, still bitter, he added, explaining that
the work of our peasants was not receiving just compensation, the following:
"...We achieve all of this with the tools we import, the cost of which is in-
creasing from year to year; with oil-derivative insecticides such as landane,
which are fiendishly expensive; and transportation, with trucks and gasoline
costing more and more; but no one takes this into account."

Can the "money powers" ignore all of these factors this time? Particularly
since, if one is to believe the harsh criticisms voiced by the secretary gen-
eral of the alliance of producer countries concerning the present agreement,
and his understanding of the spokesmen for the Ivory Coast, the early results
augur well for a true union of forces within this alliance. It is further
necessary for this union--if such really develops--to rely on the discipline
necessary in a group and respect for its commitments. And, unfortunately, we
must admit that the events noted in these last few years have not indicated
that these concepts were the dominant ones in our organization. Or was it
that Houphouet-Boigny was right too soon to be understood and supported?

5157
CSO: 4719/1357

19



I

350049

JPRS 82042

21: October 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2707

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A |
[ Approved fur pablie racasey

Distribution Unlimited

~ LVL 9160866)

Fer eer .
“

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE



- direct taxes will amount to 13,520,715,000 francs, which represents a
940,715,000 franc increase (7.5 percent);

- indirect taxes: 17,539,000,000 francs, which represents a 569,000,000 franc
increase (3.4 percent);

- customs receipts: 32,092,005,000, which represents a 3,942,005,000 franc
increase (14 percent);

- stamp duties: 3,885,000,000 francs, which represents a 50,000,000 franc
increase (1.3 percent).

The increases indicated for direct and indirect taxes result, on the one
hand, from ordinary provisions concerning industrial and commercial profit
taxes and the general income tax and, on the other hand, from increased rates
of taxation.

Customs receipts will essentially support the taxation receipts increase.

After tax receipts, next in line are miscellaneous budget receipts which, as

I said, account for 12.6 percent. The overall revenues from government prop~
erty, resulting essentially from BCEAO profits, did not make up for the decline
in miscellaneous benefits, fines, deductions, repayments and receipts
(2,319,606,000 francs).

To finish with the receipts, as you can see we have a hard year ahead of us;
I have told tax authorities that I would insist on maximum yield, and I will
say the same to taxpayers who must understand that the time for fraud is past
and that paying his taxes is every citizen's duty.

I am now going to tell you about planned expenditures. Since the budget adopt-
ed is a balanced budget, their amount is identical to that of the receipts.

I shall not come back on the principles that guided the government in estimat-
ing them.

Their breakdown per chapter is as follows:
- National debt: 19,944,550,000 francs, i.e. 24.5 percent;
~- Government authorities: 489,535,000 francs, i.e. 0.6 percent;

- Means for services: 39,982,950,000 francs, i.e. 49.2 Percent;

i

Public interventions: 20,851,475,000 francs, i.e. 25.7 percent of the budget.

In 1982, these chapters accounted respectively for:

16,641,455,000 francs, i.e. 17.7 percent; |

- 465,890,000 francs, i.e. 0.5 percent;

37,286,210,000 francs, i.e. 39.7 percent;

39,460,264,000 francs, i.e. 42.1 percent of all expenditures.

4

he



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

MITTERRAND VIEW ON OAU--The ninth Franco-African summit has ended. The

19 heads of state concluded their proceedings in Kinshasa~-~a summit in which
Zaire President Mobutu and President Francois Mitterrand shared the lime-
light with Hissene Habre, the new Chad leader. But in order to reassure
the Francophobe heads-of state at the conference, Francois Mitterrand made
a point of stressing that the OAU is essential. On the spot in Kinshasa,
here is the analysis of one of our special correspondents, Ralph Pinto.

The OAU cannot remain stalled while waiting for some to agree to make a

new start within the framework of the {nter-African organization. Waiting
means strengthening the rupture, believes Francois Mitterrand. Waiting
means risking a clash, he told us this afternoon. Well, in order to make a
fresh start it is necessary that this 50-member OAU find a smaller common
denominator, thinks France, without getting agitated over a problem of
personalities--that is to say the current chairman, Libyan's al-Qadhdhdafi--
and without blocking such a conference with the headache of the Sahraoui Arab
Democratic Republic that the progressives want to see seated but that the
friends of Morocco--and they are not the minority--exclude entirely. In
Kinshasa, therefore the search has begun for a formula, the miracle so to
speak; and Francois Mitterrand, has given his opinion--yes and as soon as
possible in order to emerge from‘the crisis. [Text] [LD092142 Paris Domestic
Service in French 1800 GMT 9 Oct 82]

CSO: 3419/42



case carried in the issue dated 14 June last, said that Sturgis is currently
"working with Cuban rebels and Nicaraguan exiles."

A course close to the leaders of the foreigners' movement told EXPRESSO that
Frank Sturgis stayed in the Hotel Roma in Lisbon several months ago under a
false name.

On the other hand, a government official revealed to EXPRESSO that the Portu-
guese authorities were informed of the conspirators' movements in Lisbon (at
least in their initial stage), as well as their goals. The same source also
said that Pinto Balsemao had this information, but he does not know if the
Angolan government was made aware of these facts. On the other hand, he said
that no concrete step had been taken to expel the foreigners involved in the
operation or to prevent their activities. Moreover, as EXPRESSO was able to
learn, surveillance over these individuals was abandoned several months ago,
so that their movements in Portugal have been proceeding more or less as they
wished.

5157
csO: 8042/1770-B



ANC WILLING TO HOLD TALKS, SAYS TUTU

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Sep 82 p 2

[Text] tHE African National Namibia

cso:

Congress (ANC) would
lay down their armis if a
conference to dismantle
apartheid in South Af-”
rica were organised, the
secretary-general of the <
South African Council of
Churches, Bishop Des-
mond Tutu, said yester-
day. to }
Addressing a Press
conference after his re-
turn from America.:
Bishop Tutu said the
ANC were not a “blood- :
thirsty” organisation, al-'
though they chose to
campaign for their rights
through the, armed
struggle. ~ wy
Bishop Tutu, who met
with a number of top’

ANC people in Ame-

rica, said they had not
tried to deviate him
from his mission of seek- 5
ing peace through
peaceful means. He said
he did not have ties with
any party or.organisa- }
tion. :

4700/1974

“My loyalty is to our
Lord Jesus Christ only,”
he said. :

He had also met with
the American Secretary
of State, Dr Chester
Crocker. Dr Crocker
had told him America
was throwing every ef-
fort into the Namibian
settlement, or, as Dr
Crocker put it: “We
have all our eggs in the
Namibian basket.”

“On the Cuban ques-
tion, which is threaten- *
ing to: disrupt talks in
Namibia, Bishop Tutu ‘
said the Cuban soldiers
in Angola were there to’
help the: Angolan Gov-:
ernment against the in-
vading South African
forces. He saw’no rea-
son why the Cubans’

‘could be a stumbling
block in the talks. i

55

Grants

“It seems to me there
is a reluctance to solve
the Namibian question,”
said Bishop Tutu.

He had also received
two large grants, one
from the Ford Founda-
tion and the other from

the: National Council of
i

Churches. The money,

which amounts to
R135 000, will go into
the SACC’s education‘

* projects, supporting

families of detainees.
and looking after their
legal expenses. 7
He criticized the Eloff
Commission and said it
was a Government
strategy to discredit the
SACC. -
The multi-million
campaign of disinforma-
tion by South Africa in
America was producing
good results, he said.
Most people, except
those who were in con-
stant touch with the real
situation, were in the
dark about the true hap- ,

penings in South Africa.
i crits aS

SOUTH AFRICA



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

PCI MEMBER'S VISIT--Giulio Bellini, head of the League of Italian Cooperatives
met in Maputo with Marcelino dos Santos, secretary of the permanent committee
of the People's Assembly and with Ministry of Agriculture officials to dis-
cuss the participation dn an agricultural project for the development of the
Zambeze Valley. Giulio Bellini is a deputy of the Italian Parliament and
president of the Italy~Mozambique Friendship Section of the chamber of deputies
of the Italian Republic. Bellini is a member of the Central Committee of the
Italian Communist Party which he joined in 1942, having distinguished himself
in the resistance struggle against fascism at the time of Benito Mussolini's
dictatorship. During his stay in Mozambique which will end today, Bellini
visited Zambezia Province, being subsequently received by the minister of
agriculture, Col Sergio Vieira. In the field of parliamentary issues, Bellini
met with deputy Teodato Hunguana, minister of justice, to discuss the bilater-
al relations between the People's Assembly and the Italian Parliament and
their participation in the 69th Congerence of the Inter-Parliamentarian Union
to be held in Rome next September. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese

21 Aug 82 p 1] 12194

OMM MEMBER EXPELLED--The Organization of Mozambican Women [OMM] yesterday
published a communique announcing the suspension of Helena Zefanias from her
functions as a member of the national coordinating council and the national
secretariat of the OMM. According to that document, this measure was taken
after it was proved that "this OMM member is involved in cases of adultery

and promiscuity, a behavior typical of bourgeois society, which is absolutely
contrary to the party's political line, clashing openly with the principles
orienting the struggle for the emancipation of women and discrediting the OMM."
The communique indicates also that the national secretariat of the Organization
of Mozambican Women analyzed the moral and social behavior of Helena Zefanias,
and ascertained that it does not meet the standards of behavior expected from
a leader of the OMM, thus causing her suspension from her former OMM duties.
[Text] [Maputo DOMINGO in Portuguese 22 Aug 82 p 2] 12194

KAMPUCHEAN DELEGATION--A delegation from the People's Republic of Kampuchea is
in Maputo on an official and work visit to the People's Republic of Mozambique.
The delegation, which initiatied talks with the Mozambican authorities yes-
terday, is headed by Kong Korm, deputy minister of foreign affairs of that
Asian country. The exchange of information about Mozambique and Kampuchea

38



MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

TRADE AGREEMENT--The Council of Ministers yesterday ratified the treaty
isntituting a preferential trading zone grouping southern and east African
countries. According to the treaty, customs duties on imports coming from
states that are signatories of the treaty will gradually be phased out.
The Mauritian Government hopes that the country will benefit from the
treaty by increasing its exports to these countries, The government also
notes that now that Mauritius is becoming a signatory of the treaty,
investors might be encouraged to use this country as a production base for
exports to member countries of the treaty. The preferential zone is made
up of the following countries: Angola, Botswana, the Comoros, Djibouti,
Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, the
Seychelles, Somalia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
The aim of the treaty is to encourage development through the intensification
of commercial exchange between member states. [Text] [MB130739 Port Louis
LE MAURICIEN in French 2 Oct 82 p 1]

cso: 3419/49

26



Note that:

~ the national debt increased by 3,303,095,000 francs, i.e. 19.8 percert;

- government authorities by 23,645,000 francs, i.e. 5.1 percent;

- means for services by 2,696,740,000 francs, i.e. 7.2 percent;

- public interventions decreased by 18,644,789,000 francs, i.e. 47.2 percent.

Thus, national debt accounts for one fovrth of our expenditures and increases
by 20 percent, while public interventions--which accounted for nearly half

of the 1982 planned expenditures--dropped to 25 percent, a reduction of close
to 19 billion francs. The increase in credits for means for services is also
lower than last year's increase (15.3 percent). This is a proof of the aus-
terity that the state has imposed upon itself, on the one hand to show that

it is being realistic and, on the other hand, to provide 7 billion francs of
credits for the National Investment Fund in spite of present economic conditions

After this general presentation of expenditures, let us examine their break-
down by chapter.

First, The National Debt

You already known by how much it has increased and what percentage it repre-
sents. It increased less than it had in 1982 (7,902,943,000 francs)--foreign
debt: 12,733,150,000 francs; domestic debt: 7,211,400,000 francs.

In 1982, our foreign debt amounted to 11,264,794,000 francs and our domestic
debt to 5,376,661,000 francs.

We must now make sure that we honor our commitments and that the state retains
its credibility. Variations in interest rates and in the dollar exchange rate
demand that we take a closer look at the terms offered to us.

All ministries' departments must also obey a very strict discipline in managing
public funds.

Chapters II and III, dealing with government authorities and means for services,
will be considered as a whole in view of the similarity of the expenditures
they list, viz. personnel, equipment, transportation and housing.

Changes in these items are summarized as follows: (see table)

Expenditures 1982 1983 Increase

Personnel 23,064 ,541,000 24 564,240,000 + 1,499,699,000 6.5%
Equipment 10,333,344 ,000 11,419 ,650,000 + 1,086,306,000 10.5 Z%
Transportation 3,616,435 ,000 3,671,815 ,000 + 55,380,000 1.52
Housing 737,280,000 816,780,000 + 79,500,000 10.8 Z%
Total 37,751,600,000 40,472,485 ,000 2,720,885,000 7.22%

43



movement-Mauritian Socialist Party Alliance was elected by the masses. It is
therefore not surprising that these people are impatient, having seen no
change in their lot. Mr Jugnauth should be reminded that it was he, and
nobody else, who, before the television cameras, offered the figure of

30 percent’as a "reasonable" wage increase for the masses--this vague category
into which almost every Mauritian falls. Even if this bad temper is not
quite justified after so short a time, it is no less justified than the
aspirations generated by a long electoral campaign which was full of promises,
and therefore it is quite understandable.

2. Grumblings, criticisms and ingratitude being the lot of all public
figures, and Mr Jugnauth by his own will being the first of our public
figures, should--as Sir Seewoosagur’ Ramgoolam, did in the past--learn to
live with the tensions, frustrations and trials which are the other side
of the coin. To keep listening to the people and to be sensitive to the
people's criticism--after the arrogance of the Labor Party--is no doubt
an excellent thing, and it is good that the new head of government is taking
this into consideration. But to allow himself to be crushed or dominated
by this to the extent that, on every occasion, he mentions the fact that
"he is not particularly enthralled with the post of prime minister" can
only be prejudicial to authority, efficiency and the public image of the
prime minister who, if he is not careful about his own statements, will
end up as somebody just holding the fort for the time being, whereas more
than ever before, we need a man of decision, dynamism and authority at the
head of the state.

If the prime minister does not constantly and publicly show that he likes what
he is doing, that being a prime minister is not a thankless job but rather

a privileged means of serving one's people, then I am afraid his performance
will be considerably affected by this attitude.

cso: 3419/41

25



The Portuguese community, which is respected and admired in Zaire, has in the
capital, Kinshasa, a flourishing cultural and sports association of long
standing and an exemplary school which teaches up to the entrance level of
Portuguese universities. This school is officially recognized. The role
played in favor of Luso-Zairian relations by the Honorable Jaime Vianna, a
Portuguese born in Zaire and a person of great dynamism and activism, stands
out within the Portuguese community. His work has already been recognized by
President Mobutu of Zaire who awarded him a high decoration of the nation.
Also, on the Portuguese side, his work has merited him a commendation from
the Portuguese Government.

Zaire, the most important African nation from an economic point of view, has
been going through a deep crisis for some years, greatly aggravated by the
international situation. Despite the fact that many Portuguese left Zaire
during the time of the extensive nationalizations, those who remained in this
African nation persisted. As a result their effort and perspicacity are now
greatly appreciated by the government. Mobutu's government has tried to
capture the sympathy and trust of numerous Portuguese who abandoned Zaire.
This has led some to return and help in the economic takeoff of Zaire.

Zaire is practically without the necessary infrastructures for its economic
takeoff. It is a nation that lacks, above all, railroads and roads. It has
faced various internal problems, namely the wars in Shaba Province, in the
south, fomented by the communist opposition supported by communist regimes
which want to establish a regime there of their own ilk. Moreover, the
transportation of its minerals, which were initially transported by rail to
the port of Lobito in Angola and later through Zambia and Mozambique, is
practically paralyzed due to the breaks and operational difficulties of the
railroads in both Angola and Mozambique.

In Zaire, where the gigantic hydroelectric complex of Inga, a significant
factor to aid the economic and social development of the nation, is being
built with international assistance, the government is pledged to end cor-
ruption and halt the Marxists who are trying to undermine internal stability.
While traveling in the West, Mobutu has not been loath to beg for financial
aid in the European Economic Community, the United States or the International
Monetary Fund. In truth, if anyone is serious about Zaire, there is enough
wealth there to pay for all the debts incurred in putting up the necessary
infrastructures. Work is currently beginning in the preparations for the
Franco-African summit which will be held in Kinshasa with France as the big
partner.

Within this framework, economic and trade cooperation with Zaire, whose
authorities are receptive to Portugal and the Portuguese, is an absolute
necessity. The visit by Lengema Dulia will certainly contribute to a new
dynamism in Luso-Zairian relations.

9935
CSO: 4742/396

62



Kubango operation will be coordinated by a general staff in which officers
of the South African army will play the basic role.

South Africa, it is further reported, will provide the financial support needed
for the operation. This sum is estimated, for the initial phase and for the
hiring of 2,000 mercenaries, at $5 million (more than 400,000 contos), spe-
cifically for the recruiting of men and the purchase of equipment.

Goals

The goals of the operation are the establishment of a moderate pro-Western
regime in Luanda which will have greater sympathy for South African interests.
To this end, the plotters are counting on the participation of some of the
present political leaders of the MPLA in the future power structure.

Among the changes planned are the elimination or drastic reduction in the sup-
port Angola has been giving the SWAPO (the organization demanding independence
for Namibia under a black majority regime), in particular in the military sec-
tor. This support would be limited to declarations of principle and diplomatic
recognition exclusively. The Namibian refugee camps would be removed to some
450 km from the southern frontier.

Angola would also accept the Western proposals concerning independence for
Namibia (specifically the Contact Group plan), and would modify its position
with regard to South Africa in international bodies.

The new regime would not recognize the South African government immediately,
but would establish a policy of peaceful coexistence with that country. In
a second phase, it would proceed to the establishment of diplomatic relations
between the two states.

As auxiliary goals, the information obtained by EXPRESSO suggests that the

new authorities, once established in power in Luanda, would attempt to negotiate
the withdrawal of the Cuban troops, and might eventually be willing to agree

to share government responsibility with the UNITA and the FNLA.

Mercenaries

EXPRESSO also established that the recruiting of mercenaries for the Kubango
operation is being done mainly in Portugal and South Africa. In this latter
country, individuals who lived in Angola before it won independence, more spe-
cifically former members of the PIDE/DGS [Police for the Control of Foreigners
and Defense of the State/Directorate General for Security] and soldiers in

the Arrow Unit (native troops) will be contacted.

The Portuguese citizens hired will travel to Gabon on a date to be established,
where they will be supplied with the equipment to be used and their final in-
structions. Apart from the recruiting planned in Portugal (mainly among former
members of the special Portuguese Army forces and individuals who served in

Col Santos e Castro's anti-MPLA company in 1975) and South Africa, it is reported
that contacts have also been made with a view to hiring mercenaries from among
the Cuban exiles in Florida, in the United States.



CAPE VERDE

BRIEFS

PRISON SENTENCE CONFIRMED--Praia, 20 Aug--The Supreme Military Tribunal of
Cape Verde confirmed on Wednesday the 10-year sentence issued in March against
Albino Fortes, it was officially announced yesterday in Praia. Three other
defendants in the same case of armed revolt against the constitution were
ordered freed by the court because they had already served their term. The
Supreme Military Tribunal, in session for 2 days in Praia and presided over
by Commandant Carlos Reis, determined that the indictment against the 15
accused, sentenced in August 1981 for acts practiced on the island of Santo
Antao was well-founded and that they had attempted against the security of
the state. The defendants, all property owners on that island, alleged in the
appeal presented to the supreme tribunal that they had only tried to oppose
the discussion of the law on the subject of agrarian reform. The court de-
termined that Albino Fortes was mainly responsible for the incidents of a
year ago. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 21 Aug 82 p 5] 12194

cso: 4742/394

16



TUCSA CHIEF WARNS ON ILL-CONSIDERED STRIKE ACTION

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 3

[Article by:

[Text]

cso:

CAPE TOWN. — Work-
ers should be advised
against strikes unless the
chances of a resulting
settlement were reason-
ably good, Dr A Scheep-
ers, President of the
Trade Union council of
South Africa told del-
egates at Tucsa’s annual
conference yesterday.
Il-advised strikes
brought more hardship
and misery to workers
and their families and
caused inflation by boost-
ing overall production
costs, Dr Scheepers said
in her presidential ad-
dress at Tucsa’s 28th an-

nual conference.

South Africa  experi-
enced a sharp increase in
the number of strikes last
year which brought more
hardship than relief to
workers, she said.

In most cases strikers
were dismissed and later
selectively re-engaged.

She pointed out that
prospective employers
paid particular. attention
to the reason for dismissal

4700/1974

Murray McNally]

and for strike involve-
ment workers had little
chance of re-em-
ployement.

Dr Scheepers said of
342 known strikes last
year, in two cases only
had the Labour Relations
Act been complied with.
As such, mosts of the
strikes were illegal in
terms of the Act.

During the first half of
this year there were 182
strikes.

“To take strike action
is always a tisk but careful
“consideration should be
given before this drastic
action is taken, said Dr
Scheepers.

The trade union cli-
mate in South Africa was
cause for concern and she
regretted that the emerg-
ing unions were not con-
centrating on helping dis-
organised workers in
areas where there was a
desperate need for in-
provement and protec-

53

tion.

Instead of entering this
field the wel-established
and properly functioning
unions had become vul-
nerable and this was dis-
rupting for both unions
and employers in indus-
try.

‘She pointed out that
since the introduction of
the industrial council sys-
tem in 1924 and the estab-
lishment of industrial
councils, there had been
fewer strikes and im-
proved industrial re~
lations had been estab-
lished.

But, “emerging”
unions had recently vi-
ciously attacked industrial

councils, either through”

ignorance of the system
or for obscure political
motives, Dr Scheepers
told delegates.

She said Tucsa had con-
sistently opposed deten-
tion without trial and ap-
peals had been made to
the authorities to speed
up investigations.

SOUTH AFRICA

“We believe that if a
person is guilty of an of-
fence, that person should
be tried without delay and
if found guilty, they
should be punished in
accordance with the of-
fence. But if not guilty,
the person must be
freed,” said Dr Scheep-
ers,

Tucsa had been re-
quested to make rep-
resentations in regard to
individuals who were
sometimes unknown to
Tucsa’s officers.

“Because we were not
prepared to do so, we had
some disaffiliations from
unions and Tucsa was
criticised for refusing to
take up individual cases.

“Tucsa opposes the
principle and practice of
detention without trial
but cannot be expected to
take up cases of individ-
uals we hardly know or do
not know at all,” she
added. :



This new road will also enable Upper Volta to open up the area east of
Niger with surer.access to Lome port.

Based on the savings which should be realized on the costs of vehicle opera-
tion and road maintenance, on national and regional traffic plans, and on
road circulation estimates extending as far as the year 2000, the economic
analysis reached a very appreciable high (24.7 percent) and low (20 percent)
estimate of the internal rate of profitability.

Execution of project organization: The project, which is scheduled for comple-
tion in 12 months for section A, and 18 months for section B, after the
commencement of the work, will be placed under the supervision of the

General Management of Public Works. This management, which is dependent on

the Ministry of Public Works, Transportation and Urbanization, will be

assisted by exterior consultants.

9824
cso: 4719/1395

60



Furthermore, Laurinda Kanji noted that approximately 15 percent of the mater-
ials utilized in the construction of freight cars is manufactured locally,
and that there are expectations that this figure may increase since there is
a program geared to that effect.

Regarding the exportation of railroad cars, this will only be realized in the
coming year, although there is demand from foreign countries at the present
time.

Assembling of Cranes

According to what we determined from our correspondent, the assembling of
cranes in the port of Nacaea will not be fully completed due to the changes
made in the placement of the cranes.

According to these changes, two of the eight units already set up will be
disassembled, which will be a determining factor in the nonimplementation

of the program.

It is a known fact that the installation of this equipment in the port of
Nacaea is considered a priority for the benefit of all Mozambicans.

12194
CSO: 4742/394

33



MOZAMBIQUE

RECALCITRANT STUDENTS IN GDR SENT HOME
Beira DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE in Portuguese 17 Aug 82 p 3

[Text] Seven Moazmbican students were sent home from the GDR, where they
were studying, for acts and behavior detrimental to prestige of the People's
Republic of Mozambique.

A source in the Maputo Provincial Court let it be known that the group in
question, despite constant warnings by comrades, insisted on acting and be-
having incorrectly, which led to the imposition of this measure.

Fernando Augusto Mateus, Agostinho Arnaldo Mata, Ismael Filipe Mauque and
Fernando Rungo were working in the VGB [People-Owned Enterprise] tire complex
of Dresden. They had arrived in the GDR in February 1980.

They are accused of performing acts that are contrary to the moral principles
guiding the functioning of the residential center where they were staying.

Gregorio Varela, Jose Luis Nita and Samuel Lucas Muaquenina are the other
members of group No 41 of Grobkeine. By their behavior, they demonstrated
an anticollectivist spirit and contempt for the guidance of those in charge.

According to the same source, in addition to lacking respect, the group created
disturbances in the dormitory where they lived, producing an atmosphere of
unrest among their comrades. These attitudes were mainly the result of ex-
cessive consumption of alcoholic beverages.

9935
CSO: 4742/396

3h



countries share the blame by default}
makes the issue even more odious, '
particularly to Third World peo-
ples.

Finally, what was almost exul-
tingly called the Camp David talks
which presumably presaged peace:
in the Middle East, must now sound
almost something of a hollow joke.
There’s now no way in which the
Israelis can be seen to be earnest in
having a stable Middle East — or at
least live in peace with her Arab

neighbours. We are sure even the
most conservative of Arab states will
now have to face the reality of an
inimical Jewish state — a military
jaggernaut — in their midst.

The state of Israel used to have a
certain amount of glory through its
vitality and obvious valour. Many of
us who were not exactly the best
friends with Israeli, a state amongst
those millions of Arabs, had a reluc-
tant admiration for their grit, their
spunk.

All that has now been destroyed

(Editorial:

[Text] NOTHING ‘could be more ghastly than the

by the acts of a few madmen.

Sharon Ouster Backed

"Massacre"]

massacre of civilians in the Palestinian camps
in West Beirut.

We hold no brief for the Palestinians, but we
deplore the killing of men, women and chil-
dren, as we have done wherever such terrible
events occur.

The Israeli forces have been held indirectly
responsible.

Some reports claim that Israeli troops stood by
_on the road outside when Lebanese Rightist
militiamen went into a camp to seek out Pa-
lestinian terrorists and“ turned on the civi-
lians.

Israel has rejécted allegations that jit was in
any way responsible, claiming that Lebanese

militiamen entered a refugee. camp where
terrorists were hiding, and that as soon as’
they learned of what was happening, the Is-

raeli forces put an end to the slaughter and

forced the Lebanese unit to evacuate the

camp.

We cannot say for certain what actually hap-
pened.

But the fact that the Israeli forces stormed into
West Beirut to avert threatened violence and
anarchy after the assassination of Lebanese.
President-elect Bashir Gemayel, but did not
prevent the massacre of the civilians, will be|
held against Israel, whatever the truth of they
matter is. .

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 6

Thus the blood-of the innocents has been |
smeared. on Israel’s hands though no Israeli
soldiers were involved.

Israel, indeed, is coming out of the Lebanese
situation with a gravely damaged image.

There was justification in invading Southern
Lebanon to eliminate the PLO bases used in
attacks on Israel’s northern settlements.

But the hostile world reaction, with the num-
ber of civilian casualties grossly exaggerated
even by organisations like the Red Cross,
should have been warning enough that there
was danger in proceeding further.

Then came the siege of Beirut, with claims
again of unnecessary suffering inflicted on
civilians.

The fact that the’ PLO were eventually forced
out of the Lebanon (Israel claims that 2000
remained behind in West Beirut in breach of
the ceasefire agreement) did not bring Israel
any approval.

On the contrary, the Palestine Liberation Or-
ganisation, despite its terroristic background,
was able to capitalise on the anti-Israel feel-
ing, tinged with great dollops of anti-Semi-
tism, which swept round the world.

Then came the Israeli over-reaction to the
murder of Gemayel, with the Israeli forces
thrusting into Moslem West Beirut.

And now the massacre.

;World. outrage is aimed“ndt’at' the Lebanese
militiamen who committed the atrocity but
” against Israel.

i)



MADAGASCAR

RELATIONS WITH SOVIETS NOTED
MB111216 Antananarivo MADAGASCAR MATIN in French 29 Sep 82 pp 1, 2

[Excerpts] The Soviet and Malagasy people are presently celebrating the
10th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the
Soviet Union and Madagascar, Ten years is quite a short period in the
history of interstate relations. Within this historical context, what is
even more surprising is the improvement and the strengthening of friendly
and honest relations and the profitable cooperation between the USSR and
the Democratic Republic of Madagascar [DRM]. One should not forget that
Soviet-Malagasy relations were only established when the patriotic and
progressive forces came to power in Madagascar.

The Soviet Union and Madagascar are developing and strengthening their
friendship and cooperation. Of major importance are the two countries’
joint efforts in the international arena, their common struggle for peace,
democracy, progress, international detente, for the transformation of the
Indian Ocean into a zone of peace and goodneighborliness, as well as their
fight against imperialism, neocolonialism and racism,

The 1978 and 1981 meetings and discussions between Leonid Brezhnev and

Didier Ratsiraka greatly contributed to the strengthening of friendly
relations and to the establishment of profitable cooperation in various
fields. The agreement in principle which came out of these meetings

boosted the promotion of fruitful and diverse cooperation in various areas.
Regarding politics, the interparty links are strengthening and multiplying.
Delegations from the advance guard of the Malagasy revolution and the congress
party for Malagasy independence participated at the 25th and 26th CPSU
Congresses.

The social organizations of the USSR and Madagascar have begun to cooperate.
For the first time, the two countries exchanged parliamentary delegations.
The friendship associations created in the Soviet Union and in Madagascar
are making great efforts.

Soviet-Malagasy cooperation is developing successfully in the cultural,

scientific and educational fields. More than 1,000 young Malagasies are
studying in specialized institutions of secondary and higher education in

22



--rejection with qualifications, of a PC view that ethnicity must not be
the only or decisive factor to be considered in establishing a new municipal
authority;

--rejection of the PC view that municipal government is primarily a service-
orientated economic activity and should be de-politicised as far as possible.

The report's counter-proposals:

--there is no reason why areas of different races within a single urban
conglomerate should not be separated for the establishment of a new
municipality such as the fragmented homelands;

--instead of a joint services committee, there should be joint committees
to consult on regional services--and any concensus would be confirmed

by respective primary municipal authorities, and where no concensus is
reached, a municipal arbitration board will decide;

--"neutral income" is based on "socialistic doctrines"--possibly leading to
white municipalities subsidising black towns; and,

--commuters of all races from outside core cities financially burden
municipalities--the government should urgently set up three taxes for
municipalities--establishment, investment and employees' taxes.

CSO: 3400/55

52



ZAIRE

EXPANDED RELATIONS WITH PORTUGAL GRATIFIES PORTUGUESE COMMUNITY
Lisbon 0 PRIMEIRO DE JANEIRO in Portuguese 17 Aug 82 p 4
[Editorial by Cartaxo e Trindade: "Portuguese Cooperation in Zaire"]

[Text] Portuguese-Zairian relations are once again taking a new and pro-
gressive course with the signing of an economic and trade agreement and with
the scheduled visit to Lisbon by Zairian Secretary of State for Cooperation
Lengema Dulia in October. As a matter of fact, the Portuguese community in
Zaire (the most prosperous, largest and dynamic community there) has greatly
contributed to the development of relations between these two countries which
have been tied by history since the arrival of the Portuguese at the mouth

of the Zaire of Congo River in 1482. Moreover, the Zairian ambassador in
Lisbon, Mabolia Tra Bwato, has tried, through all Portuguese political and
governmental means, to resume and activate relations. He has not merely left
them to the significant efforts undertaken by the Portuguese community in
Zaire. Without a doubt, his work has borne fruit.

Much is expected from Luis Fontoura the secretary of state for cooperation,
who is knowledgeable about African problems and has been dealing with them for
many years, for the consolidation and development of relations between Por-
tugal and Zaire. Fontoura is, above all, an expert in the area of foreign
cooperation resulting from his experience in the International Relations
Committee where he succeeded Pinto Balsemao as chairman.

Various Portuguese political and economic circles find it strange that trade
relations and cooperation with Zaire are not in harmony with the Portuguese
community of 20,000 living in this African country.

Portuguese cooperation has been requested several times by the Zairian
authorities and even by the office of the president of the republic and the
great effort of the Portuguese community toward the economic development of
Zaire has been appreciated.

Despite everything, Portuguese exports to Zaire have increased considerably.
While during the first quarter of 1981 Zaire imported goods from Portugal

valued at 87,177 contos, during the same period this year Portuguese exports
to this African country totalled 155,584 contos, which is not insignificant.

61



Causes of Deterioration of Dimbokro Plantations Reported

(Clemento Kouame; FRATERNITE MATIN, 15 Sep 82) ......+..

MADAGASCAR

Relations With Soviets Noted
(MADAGASCAR MATIN, 29 Sep 82) ...csssececeeveee

MAURITIUS

Prime Minister's Attitude Questioned
(Lindsay Riviers; LE MAURICIEN, 29 Sep 82) .

Briefs
Trade Agreement

MOZAMBIQUE

NIGER

Spanish Cooperation in Fishing Vessels Planned
(NOTICIAS, 21 Aug 82) ..ccscccccccvecverceecees

DPRK Assistance in Salt Complex
(DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE, 17 Aug 82) ....sseseeeeee

Cuban Cooperants Donate Funds Despite Low Salary

(NOTICIAS, 20 Aug 82) ccscsscssccecceecseeeeeeeeeeeeees

Molasses Exports Through Port of Maputo

(DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE, 9 Aug 82) ..scssescececceceeeeeee

Mixed Results Noted in Railroad Car Production
(Felisberto Matusse; NOTICIAS, 21 Aug 82) ......

Recalcitrant Students in GDR Sent Home

(DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE, 17 Aug 82) ...csecccceceecceeeeee

Portuguese Official: FACIM 'Political, Commercial Success'
(Faria de Oliveira Interview; 0 JORNAL, 17 Sep 82) ...

Briefs
PCI Member's Visit
OMM Member Expelled
Kampuchean Delegation
USSR Malaria Training

Finance Minister Presents 1983 Budget
(LE SAHEL, 23 Sep 82) ..csssccecceveccsecceccees

20

22

24

26

27

29

30

31

32

34

40



As you can see, this is a realistic attitude and it has led the government to
reduce the budget compered with the previous one. No need to say that safe-
guard measures had been taken in implementing the 1982 budget, so actual ex-
penditures would not exceed recorded receipts.

First, Resources

Present necessities have led us to interrupt the taxation pause. As a result,
the order includes new provisions to increase state resources.

As far as the various taxes are concerned, we are essentially increasing from
13 to 15 percent the tax on services, and from 18 to 20 percent the tax on
production.

As far as customsduties are concerned, certain changes were made to harmonize
duties and taxes within the CEAO, others to reflect the increased production
tax rate for various taxation items (from 18 to 20 percent ad valorem). In
spite of budgetary constraints, the government agreed to some privileged rates
of taxation on health-related products and equipment.

Finally, the laws on real-estate advertising and stamp duties were also amended
in the hope of improving tke yield of these receipts. Let us mention in pas-
sing that some of these rates had remained unchanged since 1959.

I expect that some will think now is the right time to increase their prices
inconsiderately. I am warning them that the state will not compromise in this

respect.

Now that we have reviewed the essential new tax provisions, let us consider
the evolution of state receipts.

The receipts are expected to break down as follows:

- Receipts from taxes: 67,060,720,000 francs, i.e. 82.5 percent;

- Miscellaneous receipts: 10,230,735,000 francs, i.e. 12.6 percent;

- Exceptional resources: 3,977,055,000 francs, i.e. 4.9 percent of the total.
As I said in opening this press conference, receipts from taxes, 67,060,720,000
francs—-i.e. a 5,508,720,000 increase--will account for the bulk of our re-
ceipts. It is therefore easy to understand why our effort will bear on fiscal
services. As a comparison, these receipts accounted for 65.5 percent in 1982.
We should also note the very small percentage of exceptional resources, which
reflects our return to reliable sources of financing. Indeed, last year these
resources accounted for 23 percent of the total, which means that the share

of the total receipts they represent will be lower by 81.5 percent in 1983.

Considering the breakdown of tax receipts by type of taxes, we note that:


and also about the situation in the regions where they are located, Southem
Africa and Indochina respectively, is one of the topics on the agenda of talks
which began yesterday. According to information from Valeriano Ferrao, secre-
tary of state at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, who heads the Mozambican
delegation in the talks, such contact will also allow for the exchange of
opinions on international policies in general, as well as consultation on
policy matters. Kong Korm arrived in Maputo last Saturday night and shall re-
main in Maputo until 28 August. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese

24 Aug 82 p 1b] 12194

USSR MALARIA TRAINING--The Soviet Union will assist Mozambique in carrying

out a national campaign against malaria. To this end, it is foreseen that
malaria specialists, means of transportation, laboratory equipment and medicine
will be sent to our country. According to TASS, Moazmbican doctors will
attend a special course in the Soviet Union this year. [Text] [Beira DIARIO
DE MOCAMBIQUE in Portuguese 20 Aug 82 p 1] 9935

cso: 4742/396

39



[Text] |ON statistical projec-

tion, Zimbabwe’s re-
maining White popula-
tion will probably ‘fall
below the 100 000 mark +
some time in 1983.

The present White pop-
ulation probably hovers
around the 120 000/130 000 _
mark, itself a far cry from
the figure of 170 000 still
used in major British andTM
US _financial ~ journals
when’: assessing © Zim-
babwe’s investment cli-
mate. _
Based on offical month-

ly returns for 1980-81,
1982 should theoretically ~
reflect a slight fall-off in
White departures: an esti-
mated 20 351 for the year,
against 20 534 in 1981 and
: 17 240in 1980. . ~.
The 1982 estimates,
however, to do not take:
into account the drastic
.drop in White confidence
sustained over the July-
September period.”
Taking recent morale-
shaking events into ac-
count, White departures
this year will probably
close in at around 26 348.
These statistical projec-
tions, calamitous for for-
¢ign investor confidence,
are contained in a confi-
dential report on Zim-
babwe prepared for a ma-
jorUS bank,

PROJECTED WHITE EMIGRATION FIGURES OFFERED

Thé analysts ‘preparing
the projections worked
on barometric readings of
the country’s emigration
statistics over the period
1961-1982, _ correlating _
these with relevant politi-
caltrends: 2) 0s

‘The overall impact of
current confidence-shak-
ing events, says the bank,
has not yet refle. itself >
in official. departure fig-
ures, mainly because -it
takes departing residents
four to five months to
wind up their affairs. :

This process could take
even longer now, because
of the lengthy delays in

ing emigration
procedures by — inex-
perienced administrative
Officials.

Examined over a 20-
year period, says the re-
port, the Rho-Zim emi-
gration statistics provide
an illuminating picture —

African political leaders,
would do well to study.” 7
The important baro-*
metri¢ readings, each co-
el

inciding with substantial
political change, were:

1. The adoption of the
1961 Constitution, a pow-
-er-sharing concept de-
signed to lead gradually
but inevitably to majority
rile.

6h,

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 6

~ 2. The’period following

3. The 1976 acceptance
of instant majority rule
under the Kissinger for-
mula.

4. The . Lancaster
House Agreement, and
the coming ‘to power of
Mr Mugabe’s Zanu-PF
Government.

“These events, says the
bank, should be read to-
gether with certain other

factors, the most over-rid- »

ing being pressures from
outside Africa.

“Southern Africa, with

its open spaces, abundant
resources, climate, scen-
ety and way of life, did
offer tremendous attrac-
tions for settlement in the
post-war period, as
tempting as was the US in
the 18th and 19th centu-
Ties.

“But the immigrants
came in fairly small num-
bers, largely because of
the European decolonisa-
tion programime confer-
ring independence on co-
lonial states _ totally
unprepared for it. ~

“This led to chaos in
most newly independent
Black states, leading to an
exodus rather than an in-
flux of Whites.

ZIMBABWE

{Article by: Aida Parker: "Emigration: light on a dark picture"]

“In many ways, there-
fore, White emigration
figures constitute a fairly
accurate barometer of the
host state’s stability, both
political and economic,
and its ability to maintain
reasonable standards of

justice, law and order,
education and health ser-
vices.

“Another critical factor
was the apportioning by
communist agents of all
blame for the chaos and
turmoil on the previous
‘oppressive’ colonial re-

encouraged
Black nationalist leaders
to blame White settlers
not only for all past in-
equalities or lack of op-
portunity, but also for
thelr own inadequacies
and inabilities in techno-
logical societies demand-
ing high administrative,
agricultural and economic

expertise.”

The report then deals
with the _ historical
“blips”:

Post-1961 Period
© Post-1961 Period:

“Under British pressure,

Rhodesia was forced-to
adopt a more liberal Con-
stitution providing for
eventual majority mule.



ANGOLA

HUAMBO PRODUCTION AFFECTED BY LACK OF SEEDS, SABOTAGE
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 11 Sep 82 p 7

[Text] Luis Ferreira, provincial representative of the Ministry of Agricul-
ture in Huambo, said that a lack of seeds and fertilizer has caused a
drastic drop in production.

The program of activity in the state productive sector in the first 6 months
of this year included secondary seedings and annual crop harvests. Plans
called for sowing 383 hectares of corn, wheat, potatoes and garden plants,
but only 263 hectares were sown, representing 69 percent of what was planned.
With regard to the harvests, the production level did not reach what was
originally forecast, partly because the scheduled sowing was not fully
carried out and partly because the yield per hectare was low.

Moreover, certain portions of the corn and wheat crops were lost through
acts of sabotage, and many garden plants were lost due to lack of irriga-
tion and proper plant-care measures, Soybeans, whose production was to be
used for seeding, was completely lost due to technical deficiencies.

Stock Raising Sector

In the stock-raising sector, the feed problem interfered with the normal
development of poultry raising, hog raising and milk cattle in particular.
Only 39 tons of pork was produced in the first 6 months compared with a
forecast of 87 tons; this was done by the combined production units of
Chipipa, Kissala and Caala.

Marketed milk production came to 60,500 liters, or 50 percent of what was
planned; this was due to irregular feed supply and the theft of 85 cows
from the Kissala herd which was concentrated in the Kissala area.

In Huambo a plant specializing in dairy products has been shut down for 6
months. With regard to this situation, the provincial representative of
the Ministry of Agriculture explained that "the reopening of this plant was
dependent upon a contract which was to be signed with Sweden. However, this
plan did not work out inasmuch as it was too costly; therefore, we are
awaiting financing from the EEC."

With regard to poultry, the Kissala group consists of 6 units, each having
a capacity of 20,000 chicks, and 28,000 were received, separated into 2
units. During the first 6 months in question, 7,500 chickens were marketed.

8568
CSO: 4742/406



SOUTH AFRICA

TMA GROUP RECOMMENDS SEPARATE DEVELOPMENT
MBO71528 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 7 Oct 82 p 2
[Article by Ameen Akhalwaya, metropolitan editor]

[Text] Nelspruit--A committee of the powerful white Transvaal Municipal
Association (TMA) yesterday implicitly recommended the entrenchment of
separate development, rejecting political power-sharing at any level of
local government.

In its report, discussed behind closed doors by representatives of 110 local
authorities at the annual congress of the TMA in Nelspruit, it rejected several
key president's council proposals.

Although the TMA's official view will be made known today, it is virtually
certain that the overwhelming majority of the 275 delegates will support the
committee's counter-proposals.

Several key elements of the report:

--endorsement of separate municipal authorities for each race group in the
right of self-determination;

--rejection of coloured and Indian participation in white local authorities;

--rejection of "neutral income"--from rates on commercial, industrial, mining,
agricultural, government and government designated business institutions
together with other sources suggested by the PC--to finance the activities

of metropolitan/regional authorities on a pro-rata basis;

--rejection of PC proposals that "hard functions" be carried out by nominated
regional authorities and "soft functions" by elected local authorities;

--rejection of PC proposals on a "weighted" franchise, where the number of

votes each person is entitled to would be determined according to residential
and property qualifications;

51



FARMERS WARNED--Mooi River--The economic recession was becoming more critical
and would influence the demand for agricultural products, the Deputy Director
of Commodity Services of the SA Agricultural Union, Mr Jack Raath, said
yesterday. In his address to the Mooi River Farmers’ Union, he said high
interest rates had a "tremendous effect" on the economy of the agricultural
sector. This sector was fighting to retain the Land Bank as a source of
finance. "The South African Agricultural Union-plays a major role in this
respect. Interviews have already been-held on general agricultural financing
and submissions have been made to the Prime Minister, the Ministers of
Agriculture and of Finance, the Reserve Bank and the De Kock Commission,

with some degree of success," Mr Raath said.--SAPA. [Text] [Johannesburg

THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 12]

ZAPU LEADERS REMANDED--Harare--Five supporters of Opposition Leader

Mr Joshua Nkomo's ZAPU party were remanded in custody yesterday to

October 4 for alleged involvement in an attempted coup against the Prime
Minister, Mr Robert Mugabe. The Zimbabwe African People's Union men are
alleged to have been among a group of gunmen who fired shots at Mr Mugabe's
official Zimbabwe residence in the early hours of June 24, They were not
formally charged.--SAPA-AP [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

21 Sep 82 p 10]

TROUBLED ECONOMY--The executive director of the Afrikaanse Handelsinstituut,
Mr Fritz Stockenstrom, said yesterday there were disturbing indications that
many South Africans were still not aware of the seriousness of the country's
economic situation, At the same time, he said, it did appear that more
businessmen were becoming concerned. But the hard fact remained that many
South Africans were not yet fully aware of how serious the situation was.

"It is up to every citizen to make a:contribution to solve the critical
economic, social and military problems of the country," he said. South Africa
is facing a particular type of problem which required deep attention and
cooperation between both the Government and the private sector. Fortunately
a sound foundation for constructive action had been laid at the two summit
conferences, in Johannesburg and Cape Town. It was vital now that neither

the Government nor the private sector run out of steam in striving to achieve
the aims set out. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 4]

INDIAN PARTY BACKS REFORMS--The leader of the Indian Democratic Party,

Mr J. B. Patel, says that his party is prepared to give serious considera-
tions to the government's constitutional proposals, but with certain
provisos. These include. an acknowledgement by the government that the
proposals are only the first step in an on going process of constitutional
reform, Mr Patel said in Durban this morning that his party discussed
the proposals at great length and noted that the government had departed
from its hitherto inflexible attitude toward constitutional reform.

He said that although the proposals did not go far enough, he hoped that
through consultation and dialogue with other racegroups, concensus would
be reached on sensitive issues. [Text] [MB071421 Johannesburg Domestic
Service in English 1115 GMI 7 Oct 82]

csO: 3400/55

57



At Calandula's city hospital Dr Luiz Gomez Perez practices general medicine.
When only 1 month was lacking for him to finish his field of specialization
in Cuba, it was necessary for him to leave to fulfill his mission in Angola.

The Cuban doctor put the interests of international solidarity ahead of his
own interests. At the end of 20 months in this post, it is confirmed that
his research misgivings were also reflected here. Thus, while treating
patients in Calandula, he arranges meetings on tropical diseases, the ones
which occur most frequently in underdeveloped countries, for study by the
group.

Every Saturday the medical mission meets as a group so that, in conjunction
with Angolan health technicians, it can discuss scientific subjects which will
improve everyone's knowledge; the medical mission is made up of Martin
Gallardo Cesenas, pediatrician; Dr Antonio Guerrero; and Maria Ofelia Garcia,
obstetrician.

Dr Luiz Gomez has learned Kimbundo, the national language of the ethnic group
of the same name, which permits him to conduct nis medical consultations with
greater facility. Moreover, he is studying Kimbundo medicine, handed down
from parents to children for many generations and retained due to the lack
of any other type of medical treatment for diseases in the past.

Cacuso: Opening the Way

Bordering on Calandula is a city called Cacuso, still in Malanje Province,
where Berta Rodriguez Garcia is the head.of the medical staff of the health
sector internationalists in that city. She practices general medicine in the
treatment of adults while Dr Raul Pita Hernandez devotes his attention to
pediatrics. Nurse Mirta Suarez is also completing a 24-month mission in Cacuso.

The Cacuso hospital treats about 72,000 inhabitants, which, in the opinion of
Dr Berta Garcia, "is contributing to the advancement of our work; we are now
treating mothers and, even if a child is not ill, he or she comes for treat-

ment; thus, we are engaging in preventive medicine, which is the principal
goal."

Quela: Yellow Dust

West of Malanje Province is the city of Quela, located 114 km from the provin-
cial capital; it has a population of 27,000 and electricity only at night
during a 2-hour period.

Here also, surrounded by yellow dust, there is a Cuban doctor, Fernando Garcia
Rolo, and an obstetrics nurse, Ana Rosa Cobas. One one occasion, Fernando Rolo
said that the people of this area "were not in the habit of consulting a
doctor; they preferred to go to a medicine man. When they became seriously
ill, they finally went to the hospital," he said, "and they are carriers of
terrible epidemic diseases, such as measles."

11



JPRS 82042

21 October 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2707

CoNTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

South Africa Reported Planning Coup in Angola
(Joaquim Vieira, Miguel Sousa Tavares; EXPRESSO, 7 Aug 82)

Briefs
Mitterrand View on OAU

ANGOLA

Official Speaks Out on Industrial Cooperation With Portugal
(Bento Ribeiro Interview; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 12 Sep 82) ...

Huambo Production Affected by Lack of Seeds, Sabotage
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 11 Sep 82) ..ccsccecsccecceesecvaees oe

Cuban Medical Cooperants Praised for Admirable Work
(Pedro Rodreguez; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 12 Sep 82) ......s.04-

Briefs
Security Minister in Bulgaria

BURUNDI

Libyan 'Travelling Islamic’ Delegation Visits Country
(Swedy Ismael; LE RENOUVEAU DU BURUNDI, 3 Sep 82) ........

CAPE VERDE

Briefs
Prison Sentence Confirmed

IVORY COAST

Aspects of 1980 Cocoa Agreement Discussed
(FRATERNITE MATIN, various dates) ...sececcseceeceecneeees

Unsuitable Agreement
President's Judgment Assessed, Editorial,
by Auguste Miremont

-a- (III - NE & A -

10

13

14

16

17

120]


MOZAMBIQUE

MIXED RESULTS NOTED IN RAILROAD CAR PRODUCTION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 21 Aug 82 p 2
[Article by Felisberto Matusse] °

[Text] Cometal-Mometal already produced 125 railroad cars of various types of
the 250 foreseen in the production plan for the current year. As disclosed by
Laurinda Kanji, general manager of that production unit, this quantity cor-
responds to 50 percent of the established goal.

According to the same source, there are good prospects for fulfilling the
plans' established goals in quantitative terms.

On the other hand, the established quotas for the production of platform and
container cars will not be attained for lack of certain types of raw materials.

To attain the figures set forth in the construction plan, that production
unit opted for the replacement of some types of cars by tank cars.

This measure was determined, among other factors, by the lack of locally pro-
duced raw material and the reduced amount of manpower due to the assignment
of some workers to other tasks.

According to Laurinda Kanji, some 200 workers are engaged in other tasks,
such as militia training and professional training, and some have been drafted
into the military service, thus obviously reducing the firm's production.

She also stated that despite the situation affecting that production unit
with regard to the stabilization of manpower resources, the company is in a
position to fulfill the pre-established goals in relation to quantity.

The other types of cars will not be produced because of the delay in the pro-
duction line, whose repair is causing the immobilization of other lines.

In order to guarantee supply of raw material for the next year, some contracts

will be signed as early as this year so that the suppliers may be able to
correctly plan deliveries.

32



IVORY COAST

CAUSES OF DETERIORATION OF DIMBOKRO PLANTATIONS REPORTED
Abidjan FRATERNITE MATIN in French 15 Sep 82 p 9
[Article by Clemento Kouame]

[Text] The Dimbokro area, which had a strong economy not so long ago, thanks
to the excellent yields of its cocoa and coffee plantations, is now going to
waste. This region suffers acutely from three ills:

- First, the gradual disappearance of the forest with the consequences it
entails: insufficient rains, water shortages and the rapid progress of
the savanna.

- Then, the damages caused by stinking locusts to all plantations in
Bongouanou and Arrah.

- And finally, the depopulation of villages as a result of the massive exodus
of the young to the forest areas of the southwest and to the capital.

Exced with these evils, the inhabitants are unanimous to approve the initiative
taken by the Party and the Government with respect to food self-sufficiency.
In spite of uncertain climate conditions, the populations of the former cocoa
"loop" are determined to set to work to develop the traditional food crops.

In this connection, we met with officials of the rural technical services.
From what they said, it is evident that it is no longer possible to grow
coffee or cocoa. "These two crops helped me build two houses for myself and
pay regularly for my four children's school expenses," Mr Koffi, a M'Batto
farmer, told us. According to Mr Koffi, the decrease in these two crops is
actually due to insufficient rain; it is nobody's fault, just the weather...

"The soil is drying out," he went on, "that is killing all coffee and cocoa
plantations; there is no hope for me, although I always harvested several tons
of these two products."

But, as they say, it has got to be one thing or the other; the M'Batto farmer

feels confident that the food-crop diversification program will bring back
their smiles to the sons of this region.

20



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.


Thus, personnel expenditures show a small increase (1,499,699,000 francs, i.e.
6.5 percent) over 1982 (20.5 percent). This decline is accounted for, on the
one hand, by the fact that an exceptional provision of 2 billion francs had
been made last year to meet salary increases and, on the other hand, by the
strict inclusion of the personnel listed in ministries’ programs.

Expenditures for equipment show a 10.5 percent increase, compared with 16.7
percent in 1982. Actually, all credits were renewed, except those related
to water and electricity consumption and to the telephone, for which planned
amounts were stable and did not reflect actual prices, on the one hand, and
new investments made since then, on the other hand.

Credits for transportation, which include transportation and travel, vehicle
maintenance and fuel, were increased by the percentage indicated to make up
for the various fuel-cost increases; 1982 credits were renewed. As for hous-
ing credits, their increase involves rent and furnishing expenses which proved
insufficient.

Let us now consider chapter IV dealing with public interventions.
The credits amount to 20,421,475,000 francs, 48.2 percent less than in 1982.

We must first note the very appreciable decrease in FNI credits which, as you
know, amounted to 26 billion francs last year, only 8 billion of which were
actually spent due to a lack of foreign resources. Apart from this decline,
most credits were renewed.

The only exceptions remain Higher Education and the Plan, in order to enable
them to meet school costs.

Thus, the policy of austerity applied by the ministries is reflected in the
subsidies allocated to public offices and institutions.

Once again, you will note that, faithful to its principle of operating only
with the means available, the government did not hesitate to make drastic cuts
wherever necessary so as to meet the imperatives of schooling and investment.

In conclusion, I would say that this budget results from a realistic decision
which, considering present economic conditions, consisted in looking for re-
ceipts where they had to be looked for, and allocating them to priorities.
Therefore, everybody must know that 1983 will be a hard year. This is why

I request from all officials optimum management of all credits made
available to them. In view of the collective discipline which must be our
sacrosanct rule, I think this is a good time for me to say that the Adminis—
tration has rules concerning its expenditures, and that their non-respect
will solely involve the responsibility of those who break them.

9294
cs0: 3419/10

4h



The technical-economic viability of such a study, as well as other details
related to the cooperation in the fishing sector between Mozambique and Spain,
will be analyzed at the fisheries committee's second meeting, to be held in the
near future in Madrid, the Spanish capital.

Concerning Mozambican fishing potential, D. Miguel Aldosoro stated he was
particularly impressed by existing resources in that field, affirming that
he had the opportunity to note such possibilities in Maputo and Beira.

During his stay in Mozambique the undersecretary of fisheries of the Spanish
Government also met with the ministers of agriculture and industry and energy,
Sergio Vieira and Antonio Branco}, respectively.

He discussed with them some issues related to Spanish cooperation in agricu-
lture and industry, in which Spain already participates.

"There are several projects in which Spain may participate actively, parti-
cularly the industrialization of sisal and wood beyond the cooperation already
underway," the undersecretary said.

As an illustration of the improvement of relations between the two countries
in the fishing sector, D. Miguel said that approximately 600 Spanish citiziens
now work in Mozambique, both for Spanish private firms and for mixed enter-
prises.

12194
cso: 4742/394

28



[Answer] This year showed an improvement over 1981, since, politically, there
was a very great rapproachement between the two countries, on one hand, and
also because Portugal plays an important role in dealings with southern Africa,
a role that Mozambique fully recognizes. In terms of the future, however, the
expansion of our trade and industrial relations will depend on Mozambique's
capacity to promote its own economic development, which in turn depends
closely on the resolution of the political problems in the area.

[Question] What volume of exports do you think can be attained by the end of
1982?

[Answer] Last year Portuguese exports amounted to 2 million contos. This
year it is natural that the figure will be between 4 and 5 million contos.

[Question] And what is the current situation with respect to the use of the
line of credit between the Bank of Portugal and the Bank of Mozambique?

[Answer] At this time the line of credit is being renegotiated, with
Mozambique's interests in mind. In view of its financial problems, namely
exchange rate difficulties, the Mozambican administration has asked the
Portuguese Government to consider the possibility of financing, albeit per-
haps under different conditions, the payments for various supplies, at least
for those considered in the national interest. In October Dr Rui Vilar will
go to Mozambique, and then this matter, which is being negotiated between the
central banks, will certainly be definitely resolved. All the changes that
might possibly be introduced in the line of credit have to do with the ser-
vice sector, where, according to the duration of the services rendered and
their respective value, new adjustments could be made. It is certain that
there will also be some adjustments to increase rates, and these are already
in an advanced stage of negotiation.

Small Adjustments

[Question] Only adjustments, or could there also be substantial changes in
the policy followed up to now?

{Answer] I think there will only be small adjustments. Some of them take
into consideration the developments in the international markets and others
have in mind the most immediate interests of the People's Republic of
Mozambique. In this regard, the Portuguese Government has sought to find
ways of obtaining supplemental aid, namely for foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals,
for which specific credit conditions have been established.

6362
cso: 4742/408

37



the USSR. Dozens of Soviet lecturers are teaching at the University of
Madagascar and in regional centers. This is an example of the selfless
aid given by the Soviets to the independent Malagasy state for development
of its skilled manpower.

Still more spectacular are the economic results that have been achieved in
scientific and economic cooperation between the two countries; cooperation
that is being carried out on a long term planned basis and that is based
on agreements and intergovernmental protocol. The Soviet Union understands
the problems and difficulties facing the DRM in the development of its
national economy, which has not yet eliminated the disastrous consequences
of the colonialist and neocolonialist pillage. Responding to the requests
of the Malagasy Government and that government's capabilities, the USSR
granted the DRM commercial and state loans, necessary for the construction
of several projects and for the stimulation of trade links, under attractive
terms.

The intergovernmental commission for economic, technical and commercial
cooperation, created after Didier Ratsiraka's official visit to the USSR in
1978, plays an important part .of the coordination and supervision of commercial
links between the USSR and The DRM. During the commission's third session,
held in Moscow, a study was made of the problems arising in the economic and
commercial links between the two countries and a prospectus of their future
development was formulated. The cooperation plans mainly deal with speeding
up the construction of a flour mill, the construction of a road, vast
geological prospection, as well as the promotion and diversification of trade.
The results of the commission's work will undoubtedly contribute to the
improvement and intensification of economic cooperation that is mutually
profitable.

csO: 3419/41

23



ANGOLA

OFFICIAL SPEAKS OUT ON INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION WITH PORTUGAL
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 12 Sep 82 p 1

{Report on interview given to Portuguese news media by Industry Minister Bento
Rebeiro on Angolan~Portuguese cooperation; in Lisbon on 11 September]

[Excerpts] The Angolan minister of industry returned
from Lisbon yesterday at the conclusion of an official
visit he had made to Portugal at the invitation of Baiao
Horta, Portuguese minister of industry, energy and export.

Before departing from the Portela Airport, Bento Ribeiro held a press con-

ference with the Portuguese news media in which he stressed the positive re-
sults of his trip; he said that "cooperation between Angola and Portugal in
the industrial sector is beginning to exceed the limits of good intentions."

Steps taken in this visit "are in keeping with a course of mutual and faith-
fully defined practice based on principles already established through
accords," Bento Ribeiro said.

The Angolan minister further stated that Luis Fontoura, Portuguese secretary
of state for cooperation and development, has been invited and is scheduled
to visit our country in November to meet with Angolan leaders and discuss
questions relating to the improvement of methods of cooperation between the
People's Republic of Angola and Portugal.

The possibility of cooperation between the two countries in the area of
diamonds was the subject which most aroused the attention of the journalists.
In this regard, Bento Ribeiro said that the Portuguese legislation which per-
mits the free sale of diamonds "is not a subject to be discussed," inasmuch as
the promulgation of laws is a sovereign act of the Portuguese state which no
one is qualified to question. "But," he added, "it is essential in this
activity that there be mutual understanding and respect for each other's
interests. We are at the beginning and have hopes that our intentions may
progress," the Angolan minister said. "However," Bento Ribeiro said, "it is
necessary that a way be found to prevent stolen diamonds from being freely
sold and, for this, we need effective control."



Project: Construction of the Fada-N’Gourma-Niger Border road (169 kms).

BADEA financing: A loan for $9 million (38 percent of the portion financed
by the BADEA and 26 percent of the total cost of the project), repayable in
10 years after a liquidation deferral of 5 years and bearing interest at the
annual rate of 5 percent.

Other sources of financing: EDF: $11 million Kuwaiti Fund: $14 million;
government: $0.7 million.

Description of the project: Transportation plays a key role in the country.
It contributes particularly to its unity, to the transfer of food products
from the fertile regions of the south west to the arid areas of the north,

to the effective implementation of education and health activities. The
chief line of communication with the outside world of this enclosed country is
the Ouagadougou~Abidjan railroad (1160 kms, of which 520 are in Upper Volta).
Although it is undergoing rapid development, air transportation, as far as
commercial traffic is concerned, remains marginal by comparison with the
tonnage using the road to or from the usual outlets of the country, the
Abidjan, Tema (Ghana), and Lome ports. Expansion of road transportation is
in full swing to judge, for example, by the consumption of gasoline and gas
oil, increasing very rapidly, by the growing number of vehicles on the

roads, or by the amount of external financing of investments in the country
allocated for transport and communications; 20 percent for the period
1972-1980 as against 33 percent for agriculture.

The road network, 8,714 kms in length, includes less than 10 percent of
asphalted roads, whereas traffic estimates (1980-1990) anticipate a growth
rate of 10 percent per year, taking into consideration a 34,000 fleet of
vehicles in 1981.

In these circumstances, the construction of new roads, and the maintenance
and improvement of the network constitute urgent economic imperatives. The
project supported by the BADEA concerns the Fada-N'Gourma section of the
Quagadougou-Niamey road. The surfacing of this road has been completed for
the Ouagadougou-Koupela section, is under way for the Koupela-Fada section
and for the section between the border and Niamey. The project comprises two
aspects: construction and asphalting of the Fada-N'Gourma-Niger Border
section, i.e., 169 kms of 6 metre wide pavement; technical supervision of
the works. The route to be constructed is divided into two sections: one
60 kms in length (Fada—Piega) financed by the EDF, and the other 109 kms in
length (Piega-Border) financed by the Kuwaiti Fund, the BADEA and the
government.

Project obective: Fada-N'Gourma and the Nigerian border are presently
connected by a land route that can be used only intermittently. Consequently,
one of the main advantages of the project is to guarantee a permanent road
link between Niger and Upper Volta. In addition, the project is located on
the proposed trans—Sahelian Dakar-Ndjamena road, one of the transnational
routes whose construction is recommended by the Decade of Transport and
Communication.

59



SOUTH AFRICA

ATTITUDE OF MALAN, DEFENSE FORCE SCORED
MBO71142 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 7 Oct 82 p 10
[Editorial: "Too Ready To Strike?"]

[Text] A note of unseemly arrogance and bombast is increasingly creeping into
the public tone of the defence force, Certainly there is no evidence that
the Seychelles debacle and the national embarrassment of an armed intrusion
into Zimbabwe have left it chastened.

The bellicosity of the minister of defence, Mr Malan, this week offers a case
in point. Naturally a country cannot fight a war without going into battle--
and equally naturally it will have a sense of pride when it wins battles,

We also recognise that countries have a duty to defend themselves. Thus

the shooting down by South African Mirages of a Soviet-built Mig fighter over
Angola can be seen as a military triumph.

We commend the evident skill and courage of our own fliers and express heart-
felt relief that it was they who emerged victorious. What we cannot commend
is the sabre-rattling reaction of the minister.

The attack took place when our planes were in the air space of a foreign
country. True, the explanation is. that the enemy is building up a formidable
arsenal across the border but it is almost certainly true that the enemy will
accuse South Africa of doing the same thing and South Africa would not regard
that as a justification for Migs to overfly Namibia.

Whatever the military imperatives, confrontations such as this one obviously
harm the settlement negotiations upon which real peace depends. The

South African objective must always be to advance the diplomatic initiative:
to contain the fighting where it can. There is no such thing as a military
solution to South-West, and no one can view with any satisfaction the
prospect of young lives risked (and lost) in such a war. None of this seemed
uppermost in the mind of Mr Malan when he dismissed the territorial intrusion
airily--"Recce flights over the area are quite normal"--and issued a warning
to Mig pilots to "watch their step or we will clobber them."

us



ANGLICAN CONFERENCE DISCUSSES APARTHEID

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Sep 82 p 5

[Text]

cso:

CAPE TOWN. — Apart-
, heid was not “dead”, as
' claimed at Cabinet level
in 1979, but was still being
| rigidly enforced, the Cape
Town Diocesan Confer-
ence of the Anglican

weekend.

Opening a discussion
on apartheid, the chair-
man of the Anglican
Board of Social Responsi-
bility, Mr Matt Esau, said
apartheid and racism
were more entrenched
than before and the pro-
posed constitutional
changes would give great-
er permanence.to the sys-
tem, ~

“White racism is being
maintained by escalating
violence and oppression,”
Mr Esau said.

The “adapt or die”
statement of the Prime
Minister, Mr P W Botha,
and the “apartheid is
dead” statement of the
Minister of Co-operation

Church was told at the

and Development, Dr
Piet Koornhof, had been
seen in 1979 as signs of
hope.

“But when we look at
the state of South African
society today we witness
an apartheid more en-
trenched than ever be-
fore.”

Mr Esau said the
Group Areas Act, con-
tinued uprooting and re-
location of Black people,
influx control and increas-
ing security legislation
were among the entrench-
ing factors.

“The ruthlessness in
enforcing apartheid is ac-
companied by an alarm-

ing increase in militarism.
The defence budget see-
ms to receive top priority
over subsidies for bread
and other basic food com-
modities.”

In the apartheid sys-
tem, rampant Black.
unemployment, an acute
shortage of skilled man-

power and the sharply ris-
ing cost of living all added
fuel to an already explos-
ive situation.

The Prime Minister’s
constitutional proposals
appeared to entrench the
system still further. Not
only would the proposed
executive’ president be
elected by a White major-
ity in an electoral college,
but only the majority par-
ties would take part in
that election.

The president would be
above Parliament and
vested with ' enormous
power. With political
power removed from Par-
lament, the inclusion of
Indians or Coloured
people in Parliament
would be meaningless.

Mr Esau said the
church had to be seen op-

Posing apartheid. The -
church had to emphasise !

the call for a national con-
vention, for decent hous-

ing and for free and non- :

racial education. — Sapa.

4700/1974

7

SOUTH AFRICA



ANGOLA

CUBAN MEDICAL COOPERANTS PRAISED FOR ADMIRABLE WORK
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 12 Sep 82 pp 1-2
[Article of Pedro Rodreguez]

[Excerpts] At the end of last year, and American journa-
list confided in me that he intended to write a report
on "the Cuban troops in Angola," inasmuch as much is
being said on this subject throughout the world.

In fact, the Western press is devoting considerable attention to that event,
thus dealing with a subject which legitimately concerns the governments and
parties of the People's Republic of Angola and Cuba. This external interest
says more than anything else about the American magnates and their satellites
who are more concerned in stirring up tensions and conflicts than in resolv-
ing the devastating calamities which are afflicting all of humanity.

As a matter of fact, there are other Cuban "troops" in the world about whom
the publishers of major newspapers do not express the slightest interest.
We are speaking of the 1,000 doctors and a like number of health technicians
who are scattered throughout more than 20 underdeveloped countries, most in
Africa where, for example, malaria kills more than a million children per
year.

In fact, there are Cuban health soldiers in Guinea-Bissau, Ethiopia, Mozambique,
Sao Tome and Congo, with 30 percent of the cooperative arrangement being
centered in Angola: the major part of this health exercise.

It has now been 6 years since Cuban Internationalists began to work in this
sector in Angola; during this period they have medically treated 10.5 million
cases. And even if the capitalist press brings up subjects which are more
"sensational," it is certain that those countries will request even greater
cooperation in this sector.

Calandula: Kimbundo
Calandula is located in Malanje Province and is one of Angola's largest cities,

visited by thousands of persons of all nationalities who go there to enjoy the
Calandula Falls, conducive to poetry and relaxation.

10