JPRS+SSA*854098
10 October 1985

SOMALIA

SNM CHIEF TRAVELS TO EUROPE

Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 7 Sep 85 p }

[fext/ Ahmed Muhammad SILANYO, who was elected president of the exiled

Opposition Somali National Movement (SNM) a year ago by the party's
congress, arrived in London at the beginning of August for a visit which
was both private (his family lives in the British capital) and political.
Contacted on the telephone by THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, Mr SILYANO
said that he had come to Britain after spending three months in the
Baidoa region of southern Somalia, overseeing the guerrilla war against
the forces of Mohamed SIAD Barre. During his stay in Europe he said he
intended to tour SNM branches in West Germany, Scandinavia (he was in
Denmark last weekend) and Italy. Mr SILYANO also said he was "very con=
fident" for the future, claiming that the Somali armed forces were dis-
integrating and that deserters were quitting every day in their dozens.

T.0.N.~ The SNM president's expressions of optimiam are hardly
convincing, given the many internal problems hia movement ia
expertencing. To begin with, it is unlikely that Mr SILYANO actually
did spend three months in southern Somalia. It is true that the SNM
has been trying since 1983 to rally part of the Hawiye clan living in
that region, and that guerrilla warfare has broken out in the zone
bordered by Somalia's frontiers with Ethiopia and Kenya, but the
fighting has been very sporadic, and has so far not been extended
elsewhere.

Secondly, Mr SILYANO is at present in a delicate situation
personally, in the wake of a serious incident a few weeks ago in the
Dagah Bur region of Ethiopia, 150 kilometres from Hargeisa, when 15
prominent members of the Issaq and Ogaden peoples were said to have
been murdered. Mr SILYANO has denied that the SNM was in any way
responsible, saying instead that the 15, sent by the governor of
dargeisa, were simply arrested by the Ethiopian authorities after
crossing the frontier. However, according to information from a
reliable source obtained by the NEWSLETTER, it was a group of SNM
soldiers (who were perhaps out of the control of the movement's
leadership and acting under the orders of the Ethiopians) who
committed the murders during a meeting of reconciliation between

CSO:

Issaqe_and Ogaden. Many Issaqs accuse Mr SILYANO of responsibility for
the killings, which explains why he no longer feels secure in Ethiopia
and has in effect taken "refuge" in London.

3400/1133
56


JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

GHANA

BRIEFS

ITU DELEGATION LEAVES--The two-man delegation from the International
Telecommunications Union [ITU], which was in the country to carry

out studies and review development activities concerned with tele-
communications, has left for Freetown, Sierra Leone. The project
officer of the ITU and leader of the team, Mr Alex (Imirck Ferguson
Nikel), observed that there is an urgent need for a national study

in telecommunications manpower planning and definition of training
requirements, He said the delegation will submit its report. to the
ITU which will in turn discuss it with the United Nations Develop-
ment Program ard the Ghana Government for assistance for its implemen-
tation. While in the country, the mission carried out studies on the
Posts and Telecommunications Corporation, the Ghana Broadcasting
Corporation, and the Ghana Frequency Registration and Control Board.
[Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 24 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/4

22



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[Nel] All right. We will talk to them when [change of thought] We will
talk to Mandela if Mandela is prepared to renounce violence. We will not talk
to a revolutionary unless he renounces violence. That is a principle that

we have adopted. And the statement of our minister of foreign affairs, that
Boesak will be charged or released, that statement stands.

[Hayden, interrupting] (?The gist) Mr Nel is very simply that apartheid is
violence, and Mr Mandela will say, well, until you stop the violence of
apartheid, how can you ask me to make a nonviolence declaration, when the
ANC started off as a nonviolent organization. [interruptions]

[Moderator] Let him answer that, please.

[Nel] You are again making excuses for a violent revolutionary movement,
Mr Hayden, and I do not think you are justified to do that...

{Hayden interrupting] (?No, it was) in response to the question on sanctions.

[Nel] I want to say to you something, then. And I want to say to you how the
rest of the world and historians are going to judge sanctions. There is an
article written by Mr Paul Johnson, a British commentator, in THE SPECTATOR.
And he says, in the light of the worsening situation in Africa, in the light
of the fact that millions in Africa are dying, in the light of the fact that
sanctions will aggravate the situation in southern Africa, he says, and these
are his words, the British historian: The current attempt to destroy the
South African economy seems to me one of the most wicked things that has
occurred to the world since the days of Hitler and Stalin. Mr Hayden, you
are busy with an immoral campaign against South Africa, and together with

the rest: of the world, you are building a Frankenstein, to destroy the South
African economy to the everlasting detriment of the black people of South and
southern Africa. You are trying to kill the goose that lays the golden egg.

[Hayden interrupting] Mr Nel, misery and suffering have been the lot of

black people in South Africa for a long time. That is why 70 percent of them
have said they want to see sanctions. [interruptions indistinct] But let

me point out to you, Mr Nel, sanctions are being applied by Canada, the

United States, all the EEC countries, as well as Australia. You, your govern
ment, have forced our countries to do this against their wishes. We do not
want to see South Africa collapse. You claim to draw on the heritage of the
liberal democratic values of Western nations, and yet in your own country

you do not apply them. You talk about black people's rights. The institution
of criminology at the University of Cape Town last week reported that 83 per-
cent of political prisoners had been subjected to some form of torture.

The Kannemeyer report on the Uitenhage shootings, pointed out there were no
grounds for concluding that the black crowd was on its way to attack the white
commurity. It pointed out that the police were armed with live, deadly ammuni-
tion instead of riot control gear, and said this: 35 of the 47 people offi-
cially admitted to have been Killed or wounded by police were shot from be-
hind, suggesting the police continued to fire-while the mob was fleeing.

That represents your country. For the black people, it is a chamber of
horrors.

65



JPRS=SSA“85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NEWSPAPER WARNS OF “INTEGRATION DICTATORSHIP!
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 7 Aug 85 p 4
[Article by Gawie: "South Africa on the Road to Integration Dictatorship"]

[Text] The South African branch of an American restaurant group has just
announced that all its restaurants are going to be multiracial. Restaurant
owners who do business under the trade name in question and who do not want to
comply with this will forfeit their franchise.

That is typical of the liberalists. Although they pretend to be preeminent
champions of individual freedom, they become intolerantly autocratic,
particularly when the question of race arises. Then multiraciality is
mercilessly enforced and gall and vinegar poured over those who try to
preserve their own characteristics. Where Henry Ford said: "I paint my cars
any color as long as they are black," the liberalist says: "You can think what
you want as long as it agrees with my opinions."

This intolerance of course only comes out after the leftists have gained
significant victories or have finally won the struggle. Before that they
explictly and implicitly create the expectation that each group will have its
own living space. If only some concessions are made to integration, if only
some facilities become multiracial, Whites can continue to enjoy their own
living space undisturbedly -- that is how the promise more or less sounds.
Some Whites let themselves be taken in by this and yield for the sake of peace
and "better human relations." Others let themselves be led by the nose by
politicians who talk of a "local option" -- as if sucha thing can exist! --
only to find out that what they gave up was not enough for the insatiable
integration seekers.

South Africa is now in the middle of the process where the integrationists
have made a breach and are rushing forward to eventually take over everything.
In many cases there is now a double system: multiraciality and segregation
are both found in schools, hotels, restaurants and trains. However, the
campaign is going full steam ahead to ruthlessly stamp out the last remnants
of segregation. South Africans who wonder how everything is going to look if
the process is allowed to be carried out can just take a look at America.
There White and Black have been forced together into facilities, schools and
universities, sometimes even by the threat of armed force. When numbers of
Whites began to abandon the inner cities and new white schools came into
existence, white and black children were transported back and forth over great
distances to make schools multiracial again. Whites and Blacks may not attend

76



JPRS*SSA*854098
10 October 1985

ETHIOPIA

REYA DETERMINED TO IMPLEMENT WPE PROGRAM
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 8 Sep 85 pp 1, 6

[Text] Comrade Getachew Robele, alternate member of the CC of the WPE and
chairman of the Revolutionary Ethiopia Youth Association (REYA), said yester-
day that members of REYA are determined to fulfill their historic responsibility
of implementing the programme of the WPE and the Ten-year Perspective Plan.

Comrade Getachew, who made the statement in connection with the fifth anniver-
sary of the founding of REYA, outlined the active participation of the youth
in different areas of national endeavour.

In the statement he delivered at the Central Committee office of REYA, Comrade
Getachew said that REYA members had shown exemplary participation in the
National Military Service, the National Literacy Campaign, in the economic
construction and in diverse activities related to public services.

The REYA chairman said that REYA today has 21,366 basic associations which
altogether have 3.8 million members.

Comrade Getachew further noted that 500 youth committees had been mobilised

for different activities organised under production and educational institutions.
He added that in accordance with the responsibility vested in it by the WPE,
REYA embraces student members organized in Europe and Cuba.

The REYA chairman further outlined the work accomplished by the organization
in work and study teams, sports, arts, recreation, rehabilitation and other

spheres.

Meanwhile, a pictorial exhibition was opened at the REYA Central Committee
office yesterday reflecting the organization's achievements in different
fields since its founding, The exhibition was opened by Comrade Abdul-Hafze
Yusuf, member of the CC of the WPE.

In a similar development, meetings were held yesterday in Tigrai and Shoa

regions in connection with the fifth anniversary of the Revolutionary Ethiopia
Women's Association (REWA).

12



JPRS“SSA*854098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

JUSTICE MINISTER SAYS BILL OF RIGHTS UNNECESSARY
MB201442 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1432 GMT 20 Sep 85

[Text] Pretoria, 20 Sep, SAPA--A bill of rights was unnecessary in South
Africa, the minister of justice, Mr Kobie Coetsee, said today.

He was responding to a resolution at the Transvaal National Party Congress in
Pretoria requesting the government to instruct the law commission to "investi-
gate the restoration and expansion of individual rights in the overall spec-
trum of activities within the community."

"In South Africa the. rights of people exist by virtue of the common law,"
Mr Coetsee said. “Everything is permitted except that which is forbidden by
law. It is senseless to confer, for example, a right of freedom of movement
on someone who already possesses it.

"Basic rights such as access to our courts, which are independent, equality
before the law and the right to be heard if your rights are at stake, are
being protected in South Africa although they are not written into the con-
stitution.

"The whole of the statute law of the republic is built around the idea of the
freedom of the individual."

Mr Coetsee said the government fully supported "the forceful notion of human
rights, but we say that our system as it stands today is designed to deal
adequately with that issue," subject to the idea of group rights. Ethnic,
linguistic or religious minorities could not be denied the right, in commun-
ity with other members of their group, to profess and practise their religion,
use their language and enjoy their own culture, the minister said.

Human rights were limited by the public interest, he said, and the formation
of what could be considered basic human rights gave rise to problems as no
right could be absolute.

Mr Coetsee said that while a bill of rights had some advantages--mostly poli-
tical--it had a host of disadvantages when it came to defining basic rights
and was not possible to implement in South Africa at present. Mr Coetsee
said he could accept the resolution only if its proposer amended it to read
that the law commission should investigate the restoration and expansion of
group as well as individual rights.

cso: 3400/1210

71



them the recommendations adopted by the latest UDPM Congress, and gave them
a general picture of the drought which has stricken some of our regions over the
past few years.

He also outlined the measures taken by the party and government to check the
drought, for example: preservation of nature by, inter alia, intensive
reforestation, prevention and control of brush fires, development of
cultivable land, etc. Lastly, he urged our fellow citizens to exercise a great
deal of discipline.

It must be added that this interministerial meeting coincided with festivities
commemorating Year 2 of Burkina Faso's RDP [People's Democratic Revolution].
The interior minister represented Mali at these ceremonies.

In responding to questions from the Burkinabe national press, the Malian
interior minister said he was impressed with all of the achievements and
progress during the RDP's 2 years, particularly in mobilizing the country's
women.

8041
cso: 3419/556

29



CRISIS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING REPORTED

JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES (BUSINESS) in English 8 Sep 85 Pg

[Article by Kerry Clarke7

Glens]

SOUTH “Africa's eléc:
trical engineering in-*
dustry is slashing:
prices to survive. *

h ing di.”
neering “organisation, sags,
price cutting is the norm in

Industry.

“There are areas where we’
have gone out on tenders at
prices 25% below those
which we quoted two years
ago — and we have still not
won the contracts... '.:- |

:Turnover falls !

” “This is the situation in a,
business where costs of our
raw material inputs have ri-
sen dramatically, particular-
ly copper, where the price
has increased by approxi;
mately 89% in the past year.”
Mr Hatty says in an inter-
view with the journal, Bat-
lows ’85, that the GEC group,
which last year had a turn-
over of R360-million, has ex-
perienced a 12% decline in
turnover this year and there
; are no signs of improvement.
« “I believe next year is also
” going to be difficult because
> we will have completed two
y major traction contracts
{ with very little further trac-
tion business on the.cards.

Cs0: 3400/1130

100

* “The real problem {s the }
reduction in margins, prima: i
“rly due to reduction Sell- 5
ing prices and rising mate-
rial Input costs.

Toughest

“We make very little profit
on major contracts and it is 5
* the smaller business that is
holding up best at the mo- >
* ment. The area where we are §
least affected by the down- +
turn in the economy are those i
« businesses involved in ser- *
~ vice or maintenance.” +
Mr Hatty says GEC is in- !
*. volved in infrastructural con-
{ tracts and thererore inthe
i tender business, which is one
i
i
i

ze

of the toughest. Once a com-
pany puts in a price, there is
no room for manoeuvre.
The group has made a rep-
resentation to the Board of
Trade and its chairman, Ba-
ste Kleu, on the need for un-
derstanding of the industry.
le says representatives
from the Yndustrial Advisory
Board and leaders from ini-
dustry should get together
and discuss the strategic na-
. ture of the industry and the
way in which the Govern-
ment can help it to not only.
survive but increase its op-
portunities for employment,
import replacement and ex-
por
The electrical engineering
industry has been sheddit
employees while potential
customers have been import-
ing products from Japan,
Germany and Sweden,

SOUTH AFRICA



IPRS*SSA~854098
10 October 1985

Czechoslovakia is exhibiting products which Mozambique is interested in pur-
chasing, namely tools and laboratory equipment.

Norway, which is represented for the first time at FACIM, is depicting the
various sectors of activity in which it is engaged here. Although it is off
to the side, the Zambia pavilion won comment from Minister Chissano, who
noted several products displayed there, particularly sports equipment.

Angola's pavilion is basically devoted to its natural resources, such as coffee,
woods and minerals. : .

The visitors commented favorably on the Malawi pavilion; although it is simple,
it is imaginatively decorated.

At the end of the tour, FRELIMO Party Political Bureau member Joaquim Chissano
was at the exhibit of the United States of America, whose theme for this year
is "Useful Technology for Daily Living." It is displaying basic equipment
which is easy to assemble and to use. There is also an exhibit of the results
of the petroleum research conducted to date in Mozambique by the Shell and
Esso companies.

It was already past 1400 hours when the visitors finally reached Zimbabwe's
covered booth, a real showcase for the great economic progress which that country
has experienced since its independence.

In the evening, the FACIM director presented a gala at the Cinema Africa, which
was attended by Minister Chissano and at which the National Song and Dance
Troupe performed,

Before the show, FACIM general director Abel Chicalia made a speech, stressing
the importance of the international fair, which he said " has become an event
with significance beyond our borders."

Sweden Increases Investments
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 26 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 2

[Text] The Kingdom of Sweden will increase its contribution to
our country's economic development from 255 to 270 million kronor
between now and next year. According to Bo Kalfors, Swedish
ambassador in Maputo, his country's annual participation in ‘the
Maputo International Fair constitutes a solid basis for stronger
cooperation with Mozambique. Sweden believes that our country
has investment and business potential still to be explored.

The Kingdom of Sweden is represented at the 21st edition of FACIM by 21 companies
and one government exhibition. It takes up about 430 square meters, with

exhibits of agricultural and industrial equipment interspersed with photographic
representations. Sweden's national colors--blue and yellow on a white background-~
dominate the pavilion.

As Ambassador Bo Kalfors said, the Swedish pavilion is exhibiting a unique

item this year: a 20-year-old truck, produced by the SCANIA company, which

has already gone 1.4 million kilometers and is still in perfect working condition.
In displaying the vehicle, SCANIA means to prove that its trucks "never grow

old. They only need love and attention."

36



IJPRS*SSA=85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

NEL DEBATES AUSTRALIA'S HAYDEN ON TV
MB191945 Johannesburg Television Service in English 1800 GMT 19 Sep 85

[Debate between South African Deputy Information Minister Louis Nel and
Australian Foreign Minister Bill Hayden carried live on Australian Televi-
sion on 18 September; presented on "Network" program--video recorded]

[Text] South Africa remains in the international spotlight, with many coun-
tries pressing for punitive measures to be taken against the Pretoria regime.
One of these countries is Australia. Last night, on Australia's ABC Tele-
vision network, South African Deputy Minister of Information Louis Nel debated
the South African issue with Australian Foreign Minister Bill Hayden:

[Begin video] [Unidentified moderator] To begin the discussion, I have chosen
to ask My Hayden, to put to you what Australia sees is wrong with your coun-
try's, policies, your country's behavior. Mr Nel, please feel free to respond
whenever you choose. Mr Hayden first:

[Hayden] We find that apartheid is institutionalized racism, that apartheid
is the language of violerice,. and it is responded to with violence. Accord-
ingly, night after night, countries of the Western part of the world are
watching on the television. screens violence involving South African police
repressing blacks, blacks violent to one another, and we see this as the
inevitable product of the way in which apartheid--however it might be re-
defined, it is the same thing--apartheid works in South Africa. It denies
basic human rights, and it denies basic political rights to. the black people
of South Africa. More than 70 percent of the population have absolutely no
right to vote, no right to participate effectively through what we would re-
gard as proper democratic procedures. We would argue that it is absolutely
essential for South Africa to.make a simple declaration, and that is: That
South Africa will provide universal sufferage for all people, regardless of
their race or other criteria of background; that they would be allowed to
participate in South African society, according to democratic principles, and
according to an integrated society that is multiracial--but I stress, inte-
grated, not separate; and that a timetable. be declared for the movement
towards this objective. It is quite clear, particularly at the margin,

that petty apartheid as has gone on to this point, in some effort to give

a cosmetic appearance of improvement, is failing completely to convince the

61



JPRS*SSA=85~098
10 October 1985

MALI

OIL DEAL WITH ITALIAN FIRM REPORTED

Bamako L'ESSOR in French 31 Jul 85 pé
[Article: "An Oil Depot for Kayes"]

[Text] A construction contract for a petroleum depot at Kayes was signed

in ceremonies held at the offices of the Autonomous Mortgage Fund last
Friday. The contract between Petrostock and the Italian company Impianti

is estimated to be worth 4 billion frances CFA [African Financial Community].
The ceremony brought together two technical advisors of the ministry of
Transportation and Public Works, the general Manager of Petrostock,

Mr. Mahamane Toure, the president and general manager of the Italian company,
Mr. Piaggio, and their associates.

After signing the contract documents with his Italian counterpart, Petro-
stock General Manager Mahamane Toure said that this agreement constitutes
an important step for the Petrostock petroleum products stockpiling and
supply company; it will be able to build the depot in good time and,
especially, to start operating it with its Italian and other foreign
partners in the framework set forth by the appropriate officials.

The rest of the project must also be considered. It involves building
petroleum stockpiles in Sikasso, Mopti, Tombouctou, Gao and Koulikoro, and
financing under conditions compatible with this country's economic means
must still be sought. In this regard, it should be mentioned that the
Italian company has already submitted to Petrostock an offer to build the
Sikasso depot in the context of bilateral construction projects between
Mali and Italy.

Mr. Mahamane Toure also spoke of the contract's importance as a symbol of
the consolidation of the Malian establishment, which is to be the pri-
vileged instrument of government policy in building reserves indispensable
to the country's economic growth.

Given the competence, international experience and technical capacities
of the Italian company, Mr. Toure expressed the wish that the Kayes oil
depot would be finished within the deadlines set forth in the contract.

To this end, he said that all Petrostock workers would be constantly avail-
able for work on all projects. In his turn, the president and general
manager of the Italian company reassured the Malian party on its concern
that all of this country's hydrocarbon reserve infrastructures be con-
solidated.


[Moderator, interrupting] Mr Nel, I will stop you there. Allow that answer...
[sudden audio and picture cut to Hayden]

[Hayden] The commentary, the self righteous, and self-justifying commentary
that Mr Nel was engaging in, was redolent of the sort of thing that was said
about Kenyatta, of Kenya, when he was driven into the bush as a revolutionary,
later to return in triumph to the presidential palace, and to sweep on to
Buckingham Palace for afternoon tea with the queen, and to advise her on
African affairs. Nehru, who went to jail for treason, has a similar exper-
ience. And what I.am saying to Mr Nel is simply. this: that you have to talk
to people. You have to talk to leaders. You have got to talk to Nelson
Mandela, and until that fact is faced, then the disruption, the division,

the disintegration we see in your society night by night will continue. And
I would ask you why you will not release Allan Boesak from jail, one of the
moderate black leaders. Your foreign minister said about a week ago that he
is being held without charge, and if no charge could be leveled he would be
released. And why Bishop Tutu, a moderate, is being harassed in his attempts
to get some sort of moderation in this situation.

[Moderator] Mr Hayden, thank you. Mr Nel, talk to Mandela and release
Boesak.

[Nel] I would like to reply to what Mr Hayden has said. My.Hayden, you are
dodging the question again, as to why you are siding with revolutionaries
against the government committed to reform, And let me also say that your
accusations at the beginning of this program as to the situation in South
Africa. I cannot possibly agree with that. It is quite clear to me that
your perception, the wrong perceptions of South Africa, is so deeply imbedded
that we cannot rectify this in this particular program, But Mr Hayden, you
also mentioned the question of a coalition developing for sanctions in the
world of today. And let us go.on to that matter right away.’ Sanctions will
cause unemployment in South Africa. Unemployment causes misery. Misery
causes frustration, and this all contributory factors to violence, and what
you are really doing with the sanctions campaign is to create a situation in
South Africa which is not conducive to peaceful reform in South Africa. But
then, apart from that, we must have a look at South Africa's position in
southern Africa. And we are giving jobs here, job opportunities here, to
hundreds of thousands of blacks from neighboring states. We have in our coun-
try 1.2 million blacks were are illegally here, seeking a new life in South
Africa. And they are all transmitting funds back to their home countries,
and they sustain hundreds more...

(Moderator, interrupting] I am going to interrupt you there, whether you like
it or not. I am-sorry. Now, Mr Hayden may or may not have dodged the
question on whether Australia is supporting revolutionaries, and it is for
the audience to make a judgment on whether he has or has not. Let me ask

you to concentrate your mind, though, on the point that he pressed on you:
Talk to Mandela and release Boesak.

64



JPRS“SSA“85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

QOBOZA NAMED NEW EDITOR OF CITY PRESS
MB230533 Johannesburg CITY PRESS in English 22 Sep 85 p 1

[Text] National personnel managing director Ton Vosloo has announced that
CITY PRESS Associate Editor Percy Qoboza has been appointed editor of CITY
PRESS with effect from December 1.

Qoboza succeeds editor Philip Selwyne-Smith, who has reached retirement age.

It was under Selwyne-Smith's guidance that CITY PRESS grew, in just three
years into the fourth biggest newspaper in South Africa (after the SUNDAY
TIMES, RAPPORT and THE STAR.)

Qoboza entered journalism in 1963 as a cadet reporter on the WORLD. In 1968
he was appointed news editor, rising to the position of editor in 1974.

In 1975 he was awarded the Nieman Fellowship and studied political science
and sociology at America's Harvard University in 1975 and 1976. In October
the following year, with other journalists, he was arrested and detained when
his papers, WORLD and WEEKEND WORLD, were banned. On his release five months
later, he assumed the editorship of POST and SUNDAY POST.

In 1980, he spent a year in Washington as guest editor of the WASHINGTON STAR,
a member of the powerful TIME-LIFE.

He is widely travelled and is probably South Africa's most decorated journal-
ist.

He has two honorary doctorates, from Tufts University and Amherst College,
and is the recipient of the Golden Pen Freedom Award, conferred on him by

the International Publishers’ Association, and the SA Society's of Journal-
ists' Pringle Award.

cso: 3400/1210

101



Meanwhile also the Territorial Force contributed its part to the arena
presentations in the fully occupied Southwest athletic stadium where the
celebration lasted from 11:00 to 19:00 o'clock. The celebration included
a drill exhibition by a Nama school cadet corps from Keetmanshoop, and a
giant parade was presented when members of the new Cabinet of the Southwest
and of the National Assembly arrived at the stadium.

The flight exhibition team of the South African Air Force, the Silver Hawks,
had the almost 25,000 spectators gasping for air with their flying talent.

The fact that the inhabitants of the Southwest are proud of their own soldiers
was very obvious from the speech of the first chairman of the cabinet, Mr
Dawid Bezuidenhout. He was full of praise for the Security Forces and showed
his confidence in their capacity to preserve stability and prosperity in

the Southwest.

8700
CSO: 3401/311

42



COMPUTERS CONSIDERED SAFE FROM SANCTIONS
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES (BUSINESS) 8 Sep 85 p 3

[Article by Kerry Clarke7

~ users ; “Their SA operations are
Ee et] [coMPuT ER a vtione Bo profitable that they pro-
need not fear sanc! ‘vide sufficient funds to sup-
; and disinvestment — port not only present oper-
Black market and SA-,, vations but growth. If ‘a sa
: lon were passed in the
f made machines will fill, reventing investment in SA,
{ void, i ese companies could con-
Nic Frangos, whose Data-? tinue operating and there
kor showed a 55% increase in} ‘would be no impact on com- :
operating profit from R2,2- puter users.” 7
tiillion to R3,4-million for Should the US require dis-
; the year to June 1985, says investment or withdrawal by
the information technology ‘American companies, SA‘
market in SA — including all ‘computer users would be
data-processing and office rgely unaffected.
4 automation products — Is . Firstly, South Africans
worth about Ri5-billion, — ¢ would be able to get IBM
For some years, multina-* compatible equipment from
, tional companies have held Japanese manufacturers like
{ about 80% of the market al- Hitachi and Fujitsu, or from
+ though the picture changes in ‘British manufacturer ICL.
the government sector which a
us companies are forbidden ; : M ainframes
supply. noe :
~ cta ~ Those companies using
Reluctant Burrow hs, NCR, Sperry or
| Mr Frangos says the multi-, other US computer equip-
halionals are reluctant to, ment would almost certain! if
withdraw from SA as their be able to continue buying it

through third parties.

SBpzttions here are profit Second-hand equipment

from many sources.

cso: 3400/1130

84

would find its way into SA:

JPRS*SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Sanctions would give an
added boost to SA’s computer
manufacturing which is be-
ing encouraged through the
Government-appointed
Standing Committee on Elec-,
tronics.

This committee is moving
fairly slowly to promote
manufacture. Disinvestment
would result in acceleration
of the programme. a4

Although SA’s computer
industry is not yet able to
consider mainframe manu-
facture, it could make mini-
and microcomputers.

Mr Frangos says his com-

‘pany, which manufactures

)% of its turnover in SA, has
developed an operating sys-
tem for a minicomputer. It
has been making microcom-
puters for some time, along
with companies such as Bar-
lowdata and Tecnetics’



JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

The new livestock raising policy, as presented in these columns, and the
5-year plan will help us in the long run to rally all our productive capabil-
ities so that every Burkinabe may individually increase or improve his stan-
dard of living and find happiness in keeping with the great efforts made to
achieve food self-sufficiency, freedom and finally, dignity, for whatever one
says, livestock and agriculture are the cornerstone of development.

Banfora Feedlot: An Experiment To Continue
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 23 Aug 85 pp 38-39
{Article by Justin Coulibaly and Tarbzanga Zoungrana]

[Text] The Banfora feedlot is an intensive cattle raising center located

5 kilometers from the city on the Syndou road. Set up in 1976 by the Federal
Republic of Germany and ONERA, construction of the lots continued until 1977,
when the fattening operation itself began.

The choice of the feedlot site was not an accident. First of all, a study was
made of the area by German experts. This study made it possible to evaluate
agricultural by-products accompanying modern livestock raising, both quanti-
tatively and qualitatively. These by-products include sugar cane molasses
from SOSUCO (Comoe Sugar Company), bran from the GMB [Grain Marketing Board)
and finally, the Chinese rice-growing project. In addition to these very
favorable conditions, there is the fact that the site chosen is on a sloping
area with a multitude of ponds. With the consent of village officials, it
was therefore decided to grant 700 hectares to the project, including 500 for
the operational area and 200 for the reserve area.

The first head of cattle arrived at the feedlot in 1977. After 2 years of
operation under German tutelage, the project was nationalized on 20 July 1979.
A national official was named, the current director of the station, comrade
Jean Phillippe Coulibaly, who saw the feedlot come into being and grow. We
talked with him at length in order to’ learn more about this station that has
impressed more than one visitor to the Comoe fair on 4, 5 and 6 April in
Banfora.

The goals of the feedlot when it.was created were: to produce meat for the
slaughterhouses, thereby improving the quality of the products of our slaughter-
houses, and export meat abroad. Actually, cattle production of the feedlot
through ONERA is exported partially to Togo, Benin and the Ivory Coast. These
importer countries have in fact increased in number due to the fact that the
meat produced by the project is inaccessible to the average Burkinabe. The
agricultural by-products used to maintain the feedlot, which cost nothing
before the project was undertaken, have in some cases tripled in price. Cotton-
seed, which cost 6 francs a kilogram, for example, now costs 11 francs with the
livestock raising project. The GMB, which in the past did not know what to do
with their wheat and which consequently sold it for 4 franes a kilo, now sell

it for 20 francs. None of this helps the project, which needs large tonnages
to feed its animals.



New State Governors Speak Out

(NEW NIGERIAN, various dates) ..

Borno Governor Pledges Detainee Review, by Abdullahi Idris
Benue Governor Explains Lack of Progress, by Mever Ayilla
Sokoto Governor Urges Rapid Implementation,

py Adebisi Adekunle
Plateau Governor on Citizen Well Being

by Andrew Orolua
Niger Governor Calls for Harder Work

Bar Association To Continue Tribunal Boycott

Bendel

(NEW NIGERIAN, 6 Sep 85) sevecseceeececsecerseccescescees

State Import Licenses Allocated
(NEW NIGERIAN, 30 Aug 85) ..-seeseeeeeceecescesceteeecees

Allocation of Import Licences Detailed

Briefs

SEYCHELLES

Briefs

SOMALIA

(NEW NIGERIAN, 9 Sep 85) ..seeeeeescesesereeceesersrscees

Unnecessary Food Imports

Job Reservations

Soldier's. Fringe Benefits Withdrawn
Plateau Orders Detainee Release

Watanapa Appointed Presidential Secretary
No Lay Offs for Petroleum Workers

Zero Inflation Rate

SNM Chief Travels to Europe

Briefs

SOUTH AFRICA

Briefs

(THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER, 7 Sep CS) eee

New Phone System
Bank Operations Allowed

Islamic Member on Convention Alliance
Republic Party Supports Angolan Raid
Buthelezi ‘Losing Support’ Disputed
Land Allocation to Venda

RSA-Taiwan Venture
Computer Link-Up

45

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IJPRS=SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

It is noted that this year, for the second time, the Soviet Union has donated
$12 million worth of consumer goods to our country to stimulate agricultural
production in the family sector and for the agricultural marketing campaign.

“gach time we have participated in the Maputo International Fair, we have sought
to present new categories of merchandise which, in our opinion, can be extremely
important to this country in its economic recovery effort," the {commercial
representative] said.

Turkmen SSR Minister Here
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 26 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 1

[Text] Berdykh Gulmanov, minister of rural construction of the Turkmen Soviet
Socialist Republic, is in Maputo, leading a Soviet delegation to the current
edition of the Maputo International Fair (CFACIM 85).

Asked to comment on the USSR presence at FACIM 85 and particularly the presence
of hig republic, Minister Gulmanov said that one of the primary objectives

is "to demonstrate the development of the Turkmen SSR since the revolution,
particlarly in the industrial, agricultural and cultural sectors."

He said his delegation had come to Mozambique to strengthen mutual understanding
between the two countries.

Referring particularly to the materials displayed at his republic's pavilion,
Gulmanov said that the Turkmen exhibitors had brought technology which can
be adapted to Mozambican conditions and applied to rural construction.

As examples, he mentioned the technology for the production of solar energy,
in which, he stressed, his republic is in the vanguard of the Soviet Union.

The Turkmen rural construction minister added that, within the same perspective,
the USSR exhibitors at FACIM have brought their experience in cotton farming.
He noted that the Turkmen Republic not only demonstrated that it was a major
producer in the USSR but also had an industry for the manufacture of cotton-
based products.

We note that the Turkmen delegation to FACIM also includes the musical group
GUNECH, which will be performing at the fair.

Chinese Envoy Praises Cooperation
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 27 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 1

{Text] ‘To make the participation of the People's Republic of
China in FACIM an occasion not only to strengthen friendship
between the two countries but also to stimulate the development of
our trade relations: this was the desire voiced by Wang Hao,
ambassador of that Asian socialist country, during the reception
which he offered yesterday for exhibitors at FACIM, in celebra-
tion of the National Day dedicated to his pavilion.

39



young South Africans with steel in their souls who will militantly pursue
victory even though they have to walk through the valley of the shadow of
death to do so."

Leading church figures presided over funerals that were no more than rallies
for "the forces of disunity," used by certain groups to promote their politi-
cal agendas.

In the West, the World Council of Churches and various national church councils
pleaded support for the armed struggle and acclaimed "our brothers and sisters
abroad who are committed to killing for political purposes.

"Yet we in this region of South Africa and we in Inkatha in other regions of
South Africa are called the vilest of names when we are forced to defend our-
selves against the most horrendous attacks.

"When we open our doors to mobs of thugs bent only on burning and looting;
when petrol bombs are hurled through our windows as we sleep--when we defend
ourselves against these attacks we are branded as murderers and worse."

Chief Buthelezi said: "When the hyenas of the night and the jackals crept
into Umlazi, Kwamashu, Inanda and Lamontville, in cars with foreign number
plates and filled with people who could. not even understand Zulu and who set
about creating the circumstances in which mob behaviour opened the doors for
hoodlums to burn and loot, it was the ordinary people who needed protection."

Inkatha had "responded to the call of the people" and moved in "to end the
senseless killing and strife."

Inkatha had "put an end to mass thuggery" and would continue to "command the
situation," the chief said.

But he warned that if any Inkatha member used its power for acts of political
destruction or as a weapon to exact vengeance, "I will step in and dishonour
that person publicly."

Inkatha did not use its power to destroy but to protect and to maintain cir-—
cumstances in which there could be meaningful Progress in the struggle for
liberation.

"Any invasion of the Durban area by thugs who creep into our midst to destroy
is an invasion of the domain of the king of the Zulus. We will secure that

domain and we will secure it for all South Africans, and we will secure it
for the sake of history itself."

csO: 3400/1210

70



JPRS*SSA¥85~+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SOVIET TASK FORCE EN ROUTE AROUND CAPE
Leading Toward Mozambican Waters
MB241414 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1310 GMT 24 Sep 85

[Text] Cape Town 24 Sep SAPA--A Soviet navy task force comprising
four ships is expected to round Cape Point tomorrow, Brigadier Tom
Stegemann, officer commanding the Southern Air Command, said at
Silvermine today.

Addressing a news conference, Brig Stegemann said the task force was
first sighted on 23 September.

The Sas Durban, a naval minesweeper, sighted a periscope 65 miles
west of Walvis Bay on 21 September, and according to intelligence
reports the task force, comprising a guided missile cruiser, two
destroyers and a fleet auxiliary vessel, spent five days in Luanda
from 17 to 21 September.

Brig Stegemann said that this was "no new experience" for the republic's
defence forces as similar task forces passed the Cape in 1979 and 1983.

Brig Stegemann did not want to speculate on the particular objectives
of the task force but said it was known maritime policy for. the Soviet
Union to show solidarity with countries under its influence. The
Soviet navy regularly "showed the flag" in areas of strive, and

tried to maintain a global presence.

Brig Stegemann said South Africa still had the capabilities to locate,
shadow and to report on the task force despite the arms embargo.
The information gathered would be shared with Western nations.

Captain Evvert Groenewald of Naval operations said the SAS Durban
was shadowing the task force, and that she would be assisted by
strike craft from today to escort the Soviet fleet from Walvis Bay
up to Mozambican waters.

79



; 006023
—JPRS-SSA-85-098
10 October 1985

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

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SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161
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| NATIONAL TECHNICAL



JPRS+8$4485409
“098
10 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

BBC REPORTS NKOMO CLAIM OF FURTHER ZAPU ARRESTS
MB200711 London BBC World Service in English 1515 GMT 19 Sep 85
[From the "Focus on Africa" program]

[Text] Zimbabwe's home affairs minister, Enos Nkala, is out to eliminate
Joshua Nkomo's opposition ZAPU party, which has been accused of backing dissi-
dents in Matabeleland. There has already been a wave of arrests of ZAPU
supporters, but Mr Nkala said the detentions were only the start of things

to come and that it was the government's intention to wipe out ZAPU and its
leadership. He said there would be more arrests, possibly of Mr Nkomo him-
self. Robin White asked Michelle Faul in Harare how many ZAPU supporters have
in fact been arrested so far.

[Faul] Well, it's not known how many people have been jailed because their
detentions weren't announced by the police or the government. Journalists
have only managed to get.confirmations from government officials of people
who they have learned have been arrested. For example, today Joshua Nkomo
announced that two more of his members of parliament had been detained. He
said they are (Edward Ndlovu) and (Tembo Mahari), but a government spokesman
has not yet confirmed that. The number of detainees is certainly in the
dozens and missionaries in Matabeleland say they run into the hundreds. Some
of them have been freed and as no announcements were made of their release,
it's very difficult to put a figure to it.

[White] Now, those who have been arrested, are they charged?

[Faul] No, they are held under detention orders ordinarily and this is under
emergency powers regulations, which means that they can be held in jail with-
out trial or charged indefinitely.

[White] Are lawyers able to gain access to them?

[Faul] Lawyers have complained that they have had difficulty getting to

see their clients, but they are not able to do anything about the detention

orders.

[White] But the people who are being picked up, are they senior officials of
ZAPU or are there also rank-and-file members being picked up?

105



GHANA

London~Based Magazine Criticizes Anti-PNDC Groups
(Accra Domestic Service, 24 Sep 85) ..csecscccceccecceeus

Briefs
ITU Delegation Leaves

KENYA
Briefs
Released Students Resume Studies

Retail Prices Increased
Minor Cabinet Reshuffle

LIBERIA
Briefs
Harassment Charges Denied
Leader Urges Calm
Voters' Cards to NDPL
MALI

Border Cooperation Talks With Burkina Reported
(Macire Yattassaye; L'ESSOR, 17-18 Aug 85) ..eccceeeeeeee

Party School Graduates First Class
(Brehima Camara; L'ESSOR, 31 Jul 85) Sete reece cece enees

Oil Deal With Italian Firm Reported
(L'ESSOR, 31 Jul 85) Pe ee reece eee eee eee e ewer ences eenee

MOZAMBIQUE

Various Countries Take Part in Maputo International Fair
(NOTICIAS, various dates) dees c wees eevee e eer eceeccseece

Joaquim Chissano Opens FACIM

Sweden Increases Investments

Trade With USSR Increases

Turkmen SSR Minister Here

Chinese Envoy Praises Cooperation
NAMIBIA

Inauguration Seen as Military Event To Impress
(PARATUS, Aug 85) si cccecsecscaccccnecescucececeuceseucee

NIGERIA

Overhaul of Foreign Policy Objectives Called For
(SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Sep 85) secccecccccccscvccccceeeecsceces

-b-

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[Faul] There are senior officials of ZAUP as well as ex-combatants, I
understand. Many, many ex-combatants who fought for Nkomo with ZIPRA army
have been arrested and also rank-and-file supporters, I'm told.

[White] Well, the other side of the coin is, I understand, that a lot of
people are renouncing their membership of ZAPU and joining the ruling ZANU
party.

[Faul] Yes, there have been hundreds of them since the elections. Every
week there are reports from local newspapers of ex-365 minority party sup-
porters at a political rally, defecting to ZANU-PF. These people who defect
normally hand over their old party membership cards at the rallies and things
like T-shirts with pictures of say, Abel Muzorewa, or Joshua Nkomo, and these
are normally burned on bonfires.

[White] Is this defection voluntary?

[Faul] I don't know, because these people aren't saying, obviously, when
they join ZANU-PF that they have been forced to. However, Mr Mugabe himself
last month warned his own party members against immediately admitting people
into the ruling party without verifying their sincerity. He and other min-
isters have also appealed to their supporters not ‘to force people to join
the party. These were timely warnings in the wake of post-election distur-
bances, when Mr Mugabe's supporters were beating up and harassing minority
party members.

[Marshall] Do you think a lot of people now are just carrying two cards with
them so that they can appease anybody who stops and questions them?

[Faul] I think that’s generally the way it is. Missionaries have confirmed
this, yes, people were carrying two cards. This was the trend last year.

I think what's happening since elections is that people are getting rid of
their minority party cards. They think the only right card to have now, to
stay on sight, is a ZANU-PF card.

[Marshall] Do you think that this pressure on ZAPU and ZAPU supporters is
going to [change of thought] is getting so severe that it's going to dis-
appear now, the party?

[Faul] I can't answer that. Minister Nkala said that this is what he would
want to do: to wipe out the leadership of the party and presumably through

them, the party itself. But ZAPU, like many. parties in Zimbabwe, has got
a history of being harassed, of being banned, and has managed to survive that.

cso: 3400/1211

106



JPRS*SSA+85=098
10 October 1985

MALI

BORDER COOPERATION TALKS WITH BURKINA REPORTED
Bamako L'ESSOR in French 17-18 Aug 85 p 3

[Article by Macire Yattassaye, RTM [Mali Radio and Television]: "Mali and
Burkina Faso Ministers Meet to Enhance Fraternal Coexistence of Border
Populations"]

[Text] The second Mali and Burkina Faso interministerial meeting of its kind
was held at Bobo Dioulasso on 6-10 August 1985. Burkina was represented by
Nogma Ernest Ouedraogo, minister of territorial administration and security,
and Mali by Lieutenant Colonel Abdourahamane Maiga, minister of interior.
Both ministers were accompanied by close associates, including Ousmane
Dembele, Mali's charge d'affaires in the Ivory Coast, Hamadi Diallo, legal
adviser to the president, the governors of the [Malian] regions of Sikasso
and Mopti, and several Burkinabe high commissioners. This important meeting
was part of a bilateral effort to enhance cooperation between the border areas
of our two countries.

Items on the agenda included the regulation of tasks, administrative questions
relative to the flow of persons and goods, security matters, and miscellaneous
questions. In a frank, relaxed, and fraternal atmosphere, the two delegations
were able to reach solutions of common benefit to both our countries throughout
this meeting. This spirit which imbued the deliberations contributed greatly
to mutual understanding.

This understanding is due primarily to the joint resolve of our chiefs of state,
General Moussa Traore and Captain Thomas Sankara. This firm resolve,

according to General Moussa Traore, is aimed at uniting our efforts to achieve
harmonious development of our two peoples. The Burkinabe president, for his
part, has concurred in this view: "We have no right to run counter to history.
We have all decided to move in the direction of the mutual interests of our two
peoples."

Thus this meeting's joint communique revealed that, in dealing with questions
pertaining to the flow of persons and goods, both delegations committed the
administrative authorities of their two countries to employ cooperation and
coordination as the basis for settling disputes between stock farmers and
other farmers. With reference to the transhumance of grazing stock, both
parties committed their respective border officials to continue their
informational and consciousness-raising efforts to obtain compliance with the

27



OVERTAXATION OF BLACK WORKERS REPORTED

J

Johannesburg LABOUR MIRROR in English May/Jun 85 p 1

frext]

Unions with black members should advise their mem-
bers — and employers — of the risk of overtaxing black

workers.

It has been estimated
that as many as 50% of
black taxpayers would
probably get tax refunds if
they asked for them.

The problem is that tax-
payers earning less than

R8 000 a year need not:

submit tax returns and
their PAYE: deductions
are presumed to be cor-
rect.

Unfortunately, they are
often not correct. Many
pay more because of con-
fusion over their exact
marital status and depen-
dents.

Where workers are
widowed, divorced or
separated for whatever
reason and may also be
supporting children, em-
ployers should fill in an
IRP3 (a) form requesting
a directive.

Last year South Afri-
ca’s tax system was deseg-
regated with the inclusion
of all black workers under

cso: 3400/1130

86

the Income Tax Act.

Other factors — for ex-
ample temporary unem-
ployment — can leave a
low-income taxpayer pay-
ing more than he should
over the year.

Taxpayers themselves
can also submit a simpli-
fied tax return (ITII) to
get a refund, but many are
ignorant of their rights.

Both the Johannesburg
Chamber of Commerce
and the Federated
Chamber of Industries
have advised members
about the position of their
employees.

Application for a direc-
tive can result in a single
person being taxed as be-
ing married — in certain
circumstances. This will

-result in people quite

legally paying less tax.

Unnecessary overtaxa-
tion can eadily be avoided
and the Receiver of Rev-
enue is quite helpful.

PRS=SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



at present speeds, the sub would have to snorkel each day, but if
she is still with them, this will have to be done at night, to avoid
detection.

The minesweeper "SAS Durban", which has: followdd the Russians
down-coast, stood down today, and her listening-and-watching post

has been taken over by the strike craft "Kobie CoetseeTM. South
African navy ships are holding a stern distance of about 4 km during
ths day and the night. This could be considered a respectful distance,
causing no harassment to the fleet as they round the coast. Albatross
and Dakota aircraft of the air force are watching the progress of the
ships from the air. Photographs were taken about 1 km off » and only
two sweeps past the Russian ships were decided on. The navy and air
force will continue their surveillance of the Russian task force,
until, as expected, they pass Ponto Do Oro in ‘Mozambique in 3 days*
time. [end video]

cso: 3400/13

81



JPRS=SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

DJIBOUTI

BRIEFS

LIBYAN LINKS--President Hassan GOULED did not go to Libya for the celebrations
marking the anniversary of the September 1 revolution after all (se I.0.N.

No 195). It is more than probable that pressure from western countries, and
particularly France, were strong enough to prevent the visit, coming as it did
after Libya's leader Muammar KADHAFI scored a success in the region by renew-
ing diplomatic relations with Somalia. Anxiety at Libya's advances in the
Hor of Africa have a great deal to do with the forthcoming visit to Somalia,
from September 19 to 22, of the Italian prime minister, Bettino CRAXI, which
has the strong support of the U.S. State Department. I1.0.N.-While president
GOULED was unable to go to Libya, Tripoli's ambassador nevertheless scored
diplomatic points by being allowed to talk for 35 minutes on Djiboutian tele-
vision on the occasion of the inauguration of the ultra-modern Libyan-financed
Dar el Hanan clinic for gynaecology and obstetrics. The ambassador drew
particular attention to the amount of aid supplied by Libya to Djibouti,
including 30 light armoured vehicles, five ambulances, water-drilling equip-
ment, official cars for the foreign ministry and the president, assistance

for drought victins, etc. /Text/ /Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English
T Sep 85 p af

FAO AID--The Food and Agriculture Organization is to finance two of the six
projects submitted by Djibouti last March to the international conference
organized by the United Nations agency on aid to the 21 African countries
hardest hig by drought. It will provide 15,600. dollars for a scheme for
protecting and developing horticultural produce and 000 dollars to aid the
activities of the national Soil and Water Laboratory. [text/ [Paris THE INDIAN
OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 7 Sep 85 p 5/7

cso: 3400/1133



JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

NIGERIA

ALLOGATION OF IMPORT LICENCES DETAILED
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 9 Sep 85 pp 1, 3

[Text] The Federal Government gave out import licences worth three billion
Naira to manufacturers this year.

They were for the procurement of raw materials, spare parts chemicals and the
needs of agro-allied sector.

Records made available to the New Nigerian by the Ministry of Commerce and
Industry showed that the agro-allied sector got the highest allocation of 830
import licences worth a billion Naira.

The chemical sector received the second highest number of 810 import licences
worth about 90 million Naira.

Others are engineering sector with 648, agro-industries received about 300
import licences, baby food 40,fire-fighting and security equipment got about
80.

Almost all the import licences allocated to the various categories have been
released according to a source close to the ministry.

Meanwhile, the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Mr.
J. K. Oyegun has advised prospective applicants for the on-going 1986 import
licences to effect relevant payments in any of the federal sub-treasuries in
the country rather than all coming to the ministry's headquarters in Lagos.

In a statement in Lagos yesterday, the permanent secretary said the decision
to decentralise the collection and submission of 1986 import licence was to
ease the problem of the payment of fees and submission of application forms.

The statement said submission of application forms could be made in any of

the states' Ministries of Commerce and Industry, adding that the decentral-
isation arrangement was designed for the convenience of applicants and to
eliminate extra cost they could have incurred if the exercise was concentrated
in the ministry's headquarters in Lagos.

Also, some industrialists who refused to disclose their names have complained

of all alleged wrongful demand of 30 Naira by the ministry's chasiers before
import licence fees are accepted.

51



about an incident at Koringberg in the Swartland. There Coloreds, including a
church council member's wife, were allegedly taken to the charge office in a
prison van because a video tape was not returned on time one morning to the
merchant. Also the publicity about Potchefstroom's mixed marriage couple who
now have to move out of the white area, and the transferring of Colored
families from Claremont near Cape Town, are causing repercussions among the
Coloreds. "Such things pull the carpet from out under our feet," says Mr Abe
Williams, a member of the Council of Representatives. "It now looks as if our
participation in politics is not contributing anything to improve relations.
The recent incidents put us under pressure," he says. Mr Williams went to
speak in New Zealand a few days ago on behalf of the All Blacks' rugby tour in
South Africa.

The rugby match between the Colored team from the Western Province's League
and the Vaal Triangle at Sasolburg, and a club match here between Bellville
South (a Colored team) and the Armed Forces are also food for those who oppose
the Coloreds' participation in politics. A fight occurred in both matches
between Colored and White.

Colored politicians, who have exercised great patience in recent months, are
now getting impatient. Such incidents damage their credibility, it is said.
The Rev. Allan Hendrickse, chairman of the Council of Ministers in the Council
of Representatives, has already said if business people discriminate further
against Coloreds action will have to be taken or people will be asked to
boycott such enterprises. Mr Meyer has also advised Coloreds from De Doorns
not to buy at the cafe where he was "sent around."

13084
csO: 3401/284

93



JPRS*SSA=854098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

MANDELA'S REFUSAL TO NEGOTIATE UPSETS LEFT
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 21 Aug 85 p 14
(Editorial: "Dismayed Dreamers"]

(Text] The reaction yesterday in leftist-liberal circles on the rejection of
a national convention by Nelson Mandela, the former leader of the ANC, was
predictable. Although some of the spokesmen who were asked for commentary
resorted to avoidance tactics, their consternation could not easily be hidden.

No wonder. How else can one react when the small plot of political ground you
thought you were standing on is suddenly undermined, and by one of your main
characters at that.

After a national convention was presented for many years in these circles as
the only solution for South Africa's complicated domestic problems--in spite
of warnings that this was purely wishful thinking--those people suddenly are
left with no other workable alternative.

And this while they continuously blame the government for not spelling out in
the most minute details how it intends to unravel the country's political
knots. It does not suit them to give recognition to the long path of
negotiation politics which the government has always trodden and is still
treading. They pretend all that is futile, for then there are no negotiations
with the "true leaders in the black community.

The "true" leaders they mention include Nelson Mandela and Bishop Desmond Tutu
at the top of the list. And now? Mandela in fact contemptuously rejects all
talk of negotiation, also with his paternalist leftist advocates,

The day before yesterday Bishop Tutu, in his turn, refused to enter
discussions, together with other church leaders, with the State President,
because he has already decided in advance that "it would be the miracle of the
century if something were achieved by that meeting." Even the American
Government reacted to that with dismay, but nothing was heard from local
leftist circles,

Now that the dream of a national convention is shattered, the dreamers will
have to return to the drawing board and come up with other alternatives which

72



Previously, the president and general manager of Italimpanti had conversa—
tions with the minister of Transportation and Public Works, wherein they
both discussed the strategic role and international political importance
of the contract in question, which is an integral part of our overall

energy policy.

It should be noted that this Italian aid is repayable in 20 years with
a grace period of 10 years.

8782
CSO: 3419/536

33



NEW STATE GOVERNORS SPEAK OUT

JPRS*SSA=85~098
10 October 1985

NIGERIA

Borno Governor Pledges Detainee Review

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 6 Sep 85 p 16

{Article by Abdullahi Idris]

[Text]

GOVERNOR of Borno State,
Major Abdul Mumini Aminu
has constituted a three-
member committee to review
all cases of political de-
tainees in the state.

A government House state-
ment in Maiduguri yesterday
said the committee was made
up of a member each from the
army, the police and the Na-:
tional Security Organisation
(NSO).

Governor Abdul Mumini had
said the issue of those detained in
the state would be looked into im-
mediately to facilitate the release
of the innocent or those being un-
necegsarily held.

In an address (o the people of
the state on Wednesday, Major
Aminu, said the action was in
keeping with the new govern-
ment's respect for human rights.

The governor said the WAI
campaign would be contined but
with less fanfare and financial
commitment. He said only
trophies would be provided to be
competed for, adding that a
suitable institutional framework
would be introduced so that the
various phases of WAI would
become effective”

He said the problem associated
with taxation generally would be
examined with a view to syn-

chronising the need for inten-
sified revenue generation to meet
the developmental needs of the
state and the hope and aspira-
tions of the people.

The governor explained that
emphasis was being placed on
agricultural and rural develop-
ment because of the belief that
greater majority.of people live in
rural areas and depended largely
om agriculture and allied ac-
tivities for existence.

Integrated rural development,
he said would be the centrepiece
of government policies with par-
ticular attention given to provi-
sion of more water. electricity,
rehabilitation of schodls and im--
provement of the health care
delivery services.

Government, he said would ex-
plore ways and measures that

‘would minimise the effect of

drought and that the effort of the
federal government in its af-
forestation programme would be
supplemented.

Major Aminu said the impres-
sion of Borno State as being a
disadvantaged in terms of in-
dustrialization would be modified
because the government intended

‘to initiate the establishment of

more viable industrial plants.

In this regard. he said private
inverstors would be encouraged
and the formation of co-operative
societies intensified.

Major Aminu said government
policies and programmes would.

45

centre around the provision of
good education, adding that he
would be briefing the people of
the state on this from time to
time.

The governor’ noted that the
tasks ahead were numerous
which would require methgdic
and purposeful conduct and strict
adherence to ethics and prudence
in order to succeed.

He said there would be constant
monitoring of the implementa-
tion of government policies and_
programmes and that periodic’
reports would be submitted to his
office by ministries and
parastatals.

He said after determining the
problems confronting the state,
he would cause the preparation of
a supplementary estimate to be
made before the end of this
month in which resources would
be devoted to priority areas.



JPRS*SSA*854098
10 October 1985

NIGERIA

BENDEL STATE IMPORT LICENSES ALLOCATED
Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 30 Aug 85 p 11

{Text] The former Bendel Commissioner for Commerce and Industry, Dr. Clement
Alile, said yesterday in Benin that about N70 million had been approved for
import licence for the private and public sectors in the state since last
year.

Briefing newsmen on the activities of the ministry, Dr. Alile, said that the
ministry received many applications for import licences.

On Bendel Brewery Ltd, Dr. Alile said that a recent reorganisation of the
company had reduced its work force of 1,300 to 750 and that price per carton
of beer had been reduced from N-9 to N8.40 to streamline prices with other
brands of beer.

On Bendel Insurance Company Ltd, Dr. Alile said that debts owed the company
was about N7 million, with government parastatals owing N5 million.

He said that an agreement for the reactivation and expansion of the Bendel
Soap Factory in Sapele had been signed, adding that the ministry was trying
to secure import licence and foreign exchange to enable work to commence on
the factory.

Dr. Alile added that the state government had also approved the restructuring”
of the company with the state government taking only 20 per cent, the techni-
cal partners, 20 per cent and the public, 60 per cent.

He further said that the contract for the reactivation of the Bendel Glass
Industry at Ughelli, had been awarded to Toledo Engineering Incorporated of
the USA at a cost of more than N6 million.

Dr. Alile said that in accordance with the government's decision not to own
more than 30 per cent in any industrial venture, the Bendel Glass Industry had.
been restructured with Leventis Company getting the lion share of 51 per cent,
the state government, 20 per cent and the public 24 per cent.

He said that the rate of production at the Bendel Textile Mill Ltd. Asaba, had
risen from about 4,000 metres of textiles materials daily to 8,000 metres
daily.

cso: 3400/1196
50



JPRS“SSA~854098
10 October 1985

Benue Governor Explains Lack of Progress

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 9 Sep 85 p 9

{Article by Mever Ayilla]

[Text]

UNHEALTHY ethnio rivalry
has been indentified as the cog in
the wheel of progress and
development in Benue State.

The governor, Group Captain.

David Jang, made this observa-.

tion in his office on Thursday
when the Attah of Igala, Alhaji
Aliyu Obaje, led some tradi-
tional rulers from Igala area ona
courtesy call.

He advised the three major
tribes, Tiv, Igala and Idoma to
dose ranks and work collectively
and harmoniously for the pro-
gress of the state.

Governor Jang said he had
been informed that civil servants
were engaged in rumour monger-

ing and sitting on files to delay
actions on them.

He warned that such
retrogressive acts which are
responsible for some of the aban-
doned projects in the stale must
sep henceforth.

aroup Captain Jang assured
the traditional institutions of his
co-operation, adding that his ap-
pointment should be regarded as
aimed at ushering in peace and
progress,

Earlier in his speech, the Atah
of Igata, Alhaji Aliyu Obaje, told
the governor that tribal dif-
ferences in the state were disap-
pearing.

He attributed the differences
principally to the diversity in the
cultural and social background of
the tribes.

Among other members of the
delegation were the Onu of
Dekina, Alhaji Yusuf Ocholi and
the Onu of Egume, Alhaji Sule
Abu.

Sokoto Governor Urges Rapid Implementation

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 7 Sep 85 p 10

{Article by Adebisi Adekunle]

[Text]

GOVERNOR of Sokoto State,
Colonel Garba Mohammed, has
warned civil servants in Sokoto
that he would not tolerate a situa-
tion where implementation of
government policies were
delayed because of unnecessary
bureaucratic procedure.

Colonel Garba Mohammed,
while addressing permanent
secretaries and heads of
parastatals said all matters
under their consideration should
be treated with despatch.

In a situation where their adv.-e

were sought, the governor said,
such advice should be giver
dispassionately and taken into
account the overall interest of the
state.

He said he would at all times:
demand dedication, commitment
on all of them and where this was
not forthcoming, he will take firm
and decisive action on whoever is
involved,

He told them that a new state
executive council would be form-

46

ed and sworn-in in a few days
time, adding that ‘I expect
smooth and cordial relationship
between you and your commis-
sioners." He said the business of
governance required the spirit of
framework and understanding.

Governor Mohammed further
told them that the challenges
ahead were enormous but once
they were abledo work as a team,
determine to improve the quality
of ‘life as their people, “we are
more than half way through the
solution to the problem.”

The goveror who described
the permanent secretaries as
principal channel through which
government policies were
transformed into action affirmed
that their role should be carried
out with thoroughness and speed.



Sovereign Right

It sounds very nice to talk, as Mr Eugene Terre'Blanche did last month on TV,
about "the sovereign right of peoples to rule themselves." The problem is
just that in South Africa there are more than one people who each has the
fullest right to also demand that for themselves. How to give the right to
all is the big demand being made of all the people ~- repeat: all the people
-- of South Africa. That is what the government is wrestling with. No
indication has yet come from the reactionary side as to how that can be done.
For example, there is only loose talk of "partition," without anyone trying to
explain what form that should take. That is another "tree." And while those
people themselves do not have any advice, they revel in casting suspicion on
the government and hampering it in carrying out its policy. Don't such people
realize that by doing that they are playing right into the hands of those who
are trying to make the country ungovernable? It is hard to believe that
people can be so shortsighted.

Shooting

Don't they also realize that they are rejoicing along with the archenemies of
South Africa every time they rejoice over setbacks which the government
experiences in carrying out its policy? Those people want nothing better
than the failure of the government's reform attempts, so that the road to
complete takeover can be paved for them.

Certain elements in reactionary circles often talk of “ghooting" as a solution
to the country's problems, Whenever people talk like that, one's thoughts are
forced back to 1899 when those who warned against "shooting" were decried as
softies and traitors. One of those "softies" was General Koos de la Rey, who
gained great glory for himself and his people in the Second War of Freedom
(i.e. the Anglo-Boer War]. He remained in the field to the end, while some of
those who wanted so very much to "shoot" had laid down their arms long before
the end of the war. Our salvation does not lie in "shooting," or ina "tree"
either. Don*‘t we realize that yet?

13084
cso: 3401/282

75



PAY INCREASES LAG BEHIND INFLATION RISE

JPRS*SSA“854098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES (BUSINESS) in English 8 Sep 85 p 30

[Brticle by Angus MacMillan7

[fext7 WAGE and salary
earners will be on a»
hiding to nothing,
against inflation for at .
least another 18,
months. _

Pay increases have lagged {
behind the ‘consumer-price
index for the past three years.
and the gap has widened |

ear, t

Next year promises an-.
other of atria for employ-
ees who lost out to inflation |
by about 6% on average be- |
tween July 1984 and “uly this;

ear.
¥ P-E Corporate Services
says in its salary survey that
86% of the 1 000 companies it '
canvassed will award in-,
creases of under 12,5% in
1986,

What Is worrying for work-
ers is that employers’ predic-
tions of pay increases have »
traditionally been 2% higher
than actual average award-

Chips down

A labour consultant says
most pay rises in January

?

cso: 3400/1130

will be 8% to 6% and a fair
number will be between 8%
and 10%, The lucky few will
get between 10% and 15%
and the rest nothing at all.
Workers of all races will
have to take It or leave te
more, many Ww!
lucky to retain their jobs.
Des Froneman, of Hay-Msl
management consultants,
says the chips are down for
most companies and employ- »
ees will have to accept that
operating conditions are at.
rock bottom. .
He says companies are be-
ing more selective in recruit-
ing and are structuring staff”
fomplements more efficient-.
;

ly.
“We find that many em-
loyers are taking longer to
, decide on salary increases
‘ and they are being specific
“Tentying Sey” people’ an
lent iny people
ilooking after m, °
. “Some companies’ philos-
ophy is to pay people well but
have fewer people on the
payroll. With business in a

. survival mode, many people
ve &.
ave 8;

should be grateful to
job.”

85

Tougher ©

P-E Corporate Services
predicts that strikes will in-
crease in 1986 unless there
are signs of an economic up-
swing.

But Gavin Brown, of An-

| drew Levy & Associates

which monitors the labour
‘scene, sees little prospect of
strikes.

He says that although
cating thegher,seitements

er, settlement

are usually below the infla-
tion rate.

“Unions might not like it,

* but they have to accept that

recession means smaller in-
creases. The alternative to
accepting small wage in-
creases in most cases is un-
employment. We have been
in a retrenchment

since 1983 and it is continu-

ing.
‘This has been a quiet
‘on the strike frontand ext
geet, should be similar.
rinking incomes and rising
unemployment have been a
major cause of social unrest
more than labour unrest.
difference.”



The reception was attended by Jose Carlos Lobo, vice minister of foreign affairs,
and members of official trade agencies » representing the Mozambican Government,
as well as national and foreign exhibitors,

The event was held in the China pavilion, which this year is exhibiting articles
of practical use which our country needs now, presented aesthetically and taste-
fully in handsome display cases.

Sincere Friendship

Chinese Ambassador Wang Hao said on that occasion that his country was engaged
in a process of economic reform and opening to the outside world, which he
considered to be a long-range policy.

According to the ambassador, China is interested in developing economic, techno-
logical and trade cooperation with various countries, based on equality and
mytual advantage, and in promoting understanding among peoples.

"The peoples of China and Mozambique forged a sincere friendship during [Mozam-
bique's] prolonged armed struggle for national liberation. In the last 5 years,
ou friendly relations have reached a higher level," the Chinese diplomat
stressed.

After noting the intensification of the friendship and cooperation between

the two countries, Ambassador Wang Hao voiced his wiSh that "China's participa~
tion in FACIM will not only strengthen our friendship but will provide a stimulus
for the development of our trade relations." :

Experience of Mozambique's Needs

For his part, Carlos Lobo, Mozambican vice minister of foreign affairs, thanked
the Chinese for their participation in FACIM, which he said was very important,

He noted that the friendship between the People's Republic of Mozambique
and the Chinese People's Republic dated from the period of the armed struggle,
“hence our relationship is built on a very strong foundation.

“China is familiar with the needs of a country like ours, and this is evident

in this pavilion. For this reason, we offer our wishes for even stronger
cooperation," the vice minister of foreign relations said,"

6362
CSO: 3442/405

40



JPRS-SSA-85-098
10 October 1985

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

CONTENTS

BURKINA

Livestock Raising Experiment, Problems Examined
(CARREFOUR AFRICAIN, 23 Aug 85) ..seeceeceesererrerceees

New Livestock Policy Under RPD
Banfora Feedlot: An Experiment To Continue,
by Justin Coulibaly, Tarbzanga Zoungrana

COMORO ISLANDS

Briefs
Mutiny Trial Soon
Government Denial Published

DJIBOUTI
Briefs
Libyan Links
FAO Aid
ETHIOPIA

REWA Committed To Establish PDRE
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 10 Sep en

REYA Determined To Implement WPE Program
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 8 Sep [>

Gambella Province Rehabilitation Campaign Described
(THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 5 Sep [>

Dairy Project in Process of Implementation
(Melkam-Tesfa Beyene; THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD, 6 Sep 85) ..

Briefs
Senior Officers
Sinana Work Campaign
Agricultural Development Agency
Swedish Afforestation Aid
Coffee Seedlings Distributed
More Oil Prospects
Trade With Sofia

10

12

14



The resignations followed criticism by members of the CCM National Execu-
tive Committee that Jumbe had not been keen to censure anti-union agitators
within the Zanzibar leadership. Cde Mwinyi succeeded Jumbe and, as a staunch
supporter of the union, he has been busy trying to dispel suspicions that the
union was to the mainland's advantage and to Zanzibar's disadvantage.

He tempered the propaganda drive by liberalising trade. This made the lives
of ordinary Zanzibaris livelier and shifted attention from the presumed source
of their problems--the union.

But Cde Mwinyi, who pursued part of his teacher training in Britain, could
not possibly have scored full-scale victory over an inferiority complex
created in some of his countrymen by the alleged dominance of the isles’ half
million people by the mainland's 20 million.

His imminent presidency is obviously a source of great relief and pride to
Zanzibaris in general and is in particular a potential antidote to anti-
union sentiments.

When Cde Nyerere formally relinquishes the presidency after the polls, he will
continue as CCM chairman until his term expires in 1987. Cde Mwinyi, as CCM
vice-chairman, is thus poised to succeed Cde Nyerere for the second them then.

By assuming the leadership of a party that is supreme and which superintends
government affairs, Cde Mwinyi would further convince those Zanzibaris who
still doubt that the two entities of the unéon are equal.

In the broader context, Cde Mwinyi's promotion will strike a religious balance.
Religious diversity has never been a controversial issue in Tanzania, but it
is significant that a Moslem is now to succeed a Christian president in a
country where Moslems slightly outnumber Christians.

Religion apart, Cde Mwinyi would have the advantage of being the first Tan-
zanian "president proper". He has held key public offices in Zanzibar, port-
folios in the union government, and for nearly 18 months has been Zanzibar
president and union vice-president. He is thus fairly conversant with affairs
of both sides which will come in handy after October.

The man lined up by the NEC to succeed Cde Mwinyi as Zamzibar president is yet
another former teacher, Cde Idris Abdul Wakil, Speaker of the Zanzibar House
of Representatives. Cde Wakil (59) had sought to contest the Zanzibar presi-
dency alongside Cde Mwinyi in April last year, but he withdrew to help Cde
Mwinyi's sole nomination. In the union context, Cde Wakil will not be the same
as his predecessor. As union vice-president, Cde Mwinyi has been Cde Nyerere's
second-in-command. A new constitution provides for two, vice-presidents, one
from each side.

cso: 3400/1193

103



[Nel, interrupting] Are you making excuses for the ANC?
[Hayden] Until you face the lesson that you must give...
[Nel, interrupting] Are you making excuses for the violence?
[Hayden] I will answer that if (?you give way).

[Nel] Are you making excuses for the fact that the ANC has an official policy
of violence? Are you excusing that, are you condoning that?

[Hayden] We condone violence nowhere. We have made that clear. [Nel inter-
ruption indistinct] We allow the ANC to operate in this country to provide
certain information, on the basis that they do not promote the cause of vio-
lence. We allow your country to operate here, with its information offices.
In that, we are impartial. But I repeat, the violence of apartheid, its
inexpressible cruelty, is what has caused the violence in South Africa today,
and I repeat, you're saying that the white South African minority is right,
and the rest of the world is wrong. What. has. happened is a great coalition
has formed up around the world, of conservative administrations like that in
the United States, moderately radical ones like that in Australia, and varie-
ties of them in Europe, and in opposition to your country, in a way which is
unequalled, and the reason is [Nel interruption indistinct] I repeat, they
do not want to damage your country, they want you to learn the lesson that
you must respect the rights of the black people in your country.

[Moderator] Mr Hayden, thank you, Mr Nel?

[Nel] Mr Hayden, let us get it quite clear. The government is clearly com-
mitted to further reform. The process is under way, and we want to negotiate
for that reform. There is a clear alternative to all black people who reject
violence. But you, Mr Hayden... [Hayden interruption: But] Wait a minute,
let me complete this, please. But you, Mr Hayden, are making excuses for

the ANC, whose stated claim is violence, murder, who have murdered in the
process some more than 200 black moderate leaders...

[Hayden, interrupting] No, Mr Nel, that is sheer nonsense. Let me state you
will not... [Nel interruptions indistinct] you have repudiated any proposi-
tion that the black people should have equal democratic rights.

[Nel] Mr Hayden, Mr Hayden, I would like to say to you, you must explain

to the Australian public why, Mr Hayden, are you choosing sides with revolu—
tionaries, who want to institute in our country a Marxist orientated or
Marxist-socialist orientated system. How can you do that? What explanation
do you give to your own people? What condemnation has come from your coun-
try, and from you, for the actions of the ANC in the violence in our cities?
And now, let us just get... [change of thought] as far as I am concerned, you
have dodged the answer, and you have not given us an answer. But there is
another matter that you've (?mentioned here)...

63



JPRS+SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

NIGERIA

BAR ASSOCIATION TO CONTINUE TRIBUNAL BOYCOTT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 6 Sep 85 pp 1, 7

[Text]

cso

THE Nigerian Bar Association
(NBA) has re-aftirmed its deci-
ston that its member
appear betore milite
set up under Decree

According 10 a 1
tion at the end of ive-day a
nual general conference in Port
Harcourt, the NBA mandated its
committee to find ways of com-
hating excessive court fees,
which tended to make the courts.
inaccessible to most Nigerians:

‘The bar association regretted
that the retiring Chief Justice of
the federation. Justice Sodeinde
Sowemimo, did nothing to correct

: 3400/1203

in the
but
out at

the ills of the judici
country while’ in off
resorted ty voicing ther
the time of his retirement

The association also resolved
that the Council of Legal Educa;
tion be restructured to limit the
number of deans from faculties of
law in the. council adding that
such appointments should be
rotated annually

It condemned alleged acts ot
ion and oppression by the
NSO as well as the “dehumanis-
ing conditions in “police cells all
over the country” and called for

49

the setting up of an'independent
body to monitor the welfare of
suSpects in custody.

It expressed delight at the new
administration’s declaration to
uphold fundamental human
rights and pledged its support to
it “so long as it remained stead-
fastly committed to its avowed
goals.””

On South Africa, the associa-
tion condemned Botha’s recent
rejection of efforts aimed at en-
ding apartheid as well as his con-
tinued acts of oppression against
majority of the country’s
citizens.

The association suggested that
the government should provide
electronic recording equipment
and technical staff to speed up
trials and decongest the courts
and that superior courts should
appoint lawyers as registrars to
deal with ‘simple “interlocutory
matters.”

It also called for the decen-
tralisation of the forensic
laboratory to ensure that tests of
exhibits ceased to delay pro-
ceedings for too long. (NAN).



"We" therefore” should? . and it would be paradoxi-
j cal that action initiated to

{ not be categorised with}

other rescheduling coun-”? | help Blacks should end in
y tries where the situation ‘ ' impoverishment, _unem-
; Was totally different. Our : ployment and lower stan-
* chances of coming - to ; dards of living, he said.

Before the standstill

some agreement are ex-
" cellent.” % ». the country had created a
It would be a tragedy if | | situation on the economic
£, Sub-Saharan Africa were } * front from which it could
“to become a capital ex-! ~ build an export-led boom
Porting sub-continent as a + and the present standstill
result of sanctions being “ arrangement on foreign
effectively applied against { debt repayments should
South Africa, Dr De * not be. allowed to retard
Kock said. * _ economic growth in the
Such a step would re- “country in coming
tard Black advancement “months, Dr De Kock

j Said.

C80: 3400/1130

98



JPRS+SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

KENYA

BRIEFS

RELEASED STUDENTS RESUME STUDIES--Fourteen students from Nairobi university,
whose convictions were quashed by the Kenyan supreme court on procedural
grounds last July, will be allowed to resume their studies at the faculty,
the Sunday Times, the organ of the ruling party, the Kenyan African National
Union, reported on September 1. However, they will be subject to internal
disciplinary measures, the university's new vice-chancellor, professor Philip
Moithi, said. He was appointed to his post last week, replacing Joseph
Mungai who had defended the students during their trial last March. Twelve
of the students were sentenced to six months’ jal, and the two remaining to
one year. All were released following the success of their appeal. [Text]
(Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 7 Sep 85 p 6]

RETAIL PRICES INCREASED--The Kenyan government announced retail price rises

on August 31 ranging between 16 and 20 per cent for maize, maize flour (a
very popular staple), wheat flour and bread. In the official announcement the
authorities justified the increased by pointing to the continual rise in the
cost of fertiliser. They also said that the price modifications, which had
been decided after a careful analysis of the situation vegarding the consump-
tion of basif foods, would not result in any new budgetary measures and would
not be used to increase State revenue. 1.0.N.-The retail prices of maize and
wheat had already been increased by almost ten per cent in September 1984,
Last January it was the turn of sugar, tea, rice, milk and meat to be made an
average of 12 per cent dearer. Those rises were immediately followed by an
increase in the prices paid to producers, which could happen again in these
latest cases. After the serious drought in 1984 which compelled the govern-
ment to appeal for international aid comprising a million tonnes of maize and
400,000 tonnes of wheat in particular, the Kenyan authorities would like to
see the quantity of food imports reduced an encourage farmers to step up their
output, taking advantage of the return of the rains. Even a steep rise in the
price of maize and wheat should not cause the type of violent protest which
broke out in recent months in Tunisia, Morocco and Sudan, as Kenyans are not
accustomed to a policy of subsidising staple foods. It is undeniable, however,
that these increases are a blow to the poor of Nairobi and elsewhere who are
already suffering from a rise in the numbers of unemployed and continuing high
inflation. Though this has been coming down (it was 16 per cent in 1983), it
still stood at ten per cent last year. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWS-
LETTER in English 7 Sep 85 p 6]

23



JPRS*SSA#85+098
10 October 1985

has today grown up to 17,582,000 birr. In an effort to conserve natural
resources, and to properly utilize them, the agricultural agency has built
embarkments on over 1,594 hectares and has planted tree seedlings in areas
not suitable for agricultural purpose. (ENA) [Text] [Addis Ababa

THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 10 Sep 85 p 8]

SWEDISH AFFORESTATION AID--The Swedish Government is to embark on a new
assistance programme in the soil conservation and afforestation scheme
currently under way across the nation as part of the disaster prevention
Programme. A press statement released by the Swedish Embassy here noted that
the six million birr aid, co-sponsored by the Swedish Red Cross, is being
channeled in line with the on-going and expanding development cooperation
between the two countries. The assistance will further enhance the long-
standing Swedish cooperation in this sector, it was noted. The main components
of the programme are the financing of hand tools, nursery equipment and
training and research within the national programme being carried out by the
Soil and Water Conservation Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, supporting
of soil conservation and community forestry activities in Wollo region and
training of pilot activities in Gojjam and Wollo administrative regions. The
Ministry of Education is said to be involved in the training of teachers and
the participation of teachers in the Swedish-assisted programme. The Swedish
Embassy press statement expressed the hope that the successful completion of
the initial phase of the disaster prevention programme will become a major
component of Ethio-Swedish development cooperation in the agricultural sector.
(ENA) [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 7 Sep 85 p 1]

COFFEE SEEDLINGS DISTRIBUTED--Mettu (ENA)-~The Chora District Coffee Improvement
Project in Illubabor region has distributed 852,568 coffee seedlings of an
improved variety to peasants associations which had planted them on their farm-
lands. The project itself had planted coffee seedlings this year on 171 hectares
and has also given education to peasants of the district on modern methods of
coffee plantation. In addition, the project has renewed old coffee plants on

81 hectares of land with the aim of further improving the quality of its produce.
Pesticides have also been sprayed by the project on ten hectares of coffee
plantation to overcome the effects of coffee berry diseases. As part of its
contribution to the peasants of the districts, the project has built 32 kms

of gravel road which would enable the peasants' service cooperatives transport
their coffee to the nearby market. The project not only gives technical advice
to the peasants, but also provides them with up-to-date implements and tools

to help them shift from the traditional to the modern form of coffee production.
[Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 6 Sep 85 p 6]

MORE OIL PROSPECTS--A meeting to discuss the prospects for oil exploration in
Ethiopia will be held in Addis Ababa on November 20 and 21. Concessions will
be offered to foreign oil companies in the Red Sea and Ogaden basins » and ina
region bordering on southern Sudan. Interested companies will be able to
obtain an evaluation_survey. [lext aris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in
English 7 Sep 85 p 57

19



JPRS*SSA*85~098
10 October 1985

TANZANIA

ANALYSIS OF MWINGI'S NOMINATION
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 8 Sep 85 p 11

[Text] Cde Julius Nyerere's imminent successor as President of Tanzania, 60-
year-old Ali Hassan Hwinyi, is a teacher-turned-politicial like himself,

But the significance of Mr Mwinyi's nomination by the sole Tanzanian political
party, Chama Cha Mapinduzi, as sole presidential candidate in the forthcoming
polls, does not lie so much in the passage of the presidency from one ex-
teacher to another.

Cde Mwinyi, who collected 99 percent Yes votes from nearly 2 000 delegates to
the party conference in mid-August, is seen here as potentially an effective
factor in consolidating the union between the mainland and the isles of
Zanzibar.

It is most probable that Cde Mwinyi will muster more than half the positive
votes when an estimated nine million voters go to the polls in October.

Since the two previously sovereign entities merged into a single state in
1964, Tanzania has had a mainlander as overall leader. Zanzibar leaders--
the late Abeid Karume, Aboud Jumbe and now Mwinyi--retained presidencies of
partially autonomous Zanzibar, but they were vice-presidents of the union
government.

The arrangement did not please some islanders, who grumbled that it had
reduced the isles to just another province of the mainland. Under the union
set-up, Zanzibar independently runs all its affairs except defence, foreign
affairs, home affairs and finance.

In 1977 the anti-union camp was further aggrieved by the merger of the main-
land's Tanganyika National Union party and Zanzibar's Afro-Shirazi Party into
the CCM Cde Nyerere, until then Tanu president, became chairman of the broader
party-~a factor that the camp interpreted as another manifestation of main-
land dominance.

A clandestine campaign to detach the isles from the union, which included a
plan to contest the union's legality in court, culminated in Jumbe's resigna~
tion from the posts of union vice-president, Zanzibar president, chairman of
the Zanzibar Revolutionary Council and CCM viceechairman.

102



The ENP is a seeding ground where the Party can find at any time the cadres
it needs to strengthen itself, but the ENP can fulfill its vocation in the
future only if it has the minimum resources it needs to grow. It is tem-
porarily housed in the Youth House and must acquire as soon as possible
more functional housing, sufficient teaching materials, and more and more
competent office staff.

The ENP director concluded by saying that the Party now has a most important
tool for informing, training and educating its members in order to make them
true fighters on the fronts where this country is striving to achieve real
independence.

Speaking for the students, Mr Tolo Yoro, from the Niono section, expressed
the joy and respect he felt at the presence at the ceremony of the Party's
assistant general secretary. He said it was evidence of the Party's desire
to make its members capable men and fighters for better development. The
student ‘spokesman also expressed his complete satisfaction with the
teachers, their talent and devotion to duty. The graduation of this first
class, he said, was not an end in itself. The speaker expressed the wish
that this class might be followed by others. In conclusion he expressed
his and his colleagues’ profound joy in belonging to the first ENP gra-
duation class.

This speech was followed by the presentation of the class to the general
director of the School.

The political secretary of the BEC [expansion unknown], Mr Djibril Diallo,
then gave the commencement address. .

In his address, Mr Diallo said that the essential objective of the ENP is
to make the party member "a man aware of the needs of his environment and
ready to learn and solve the problems of his society and times." He then
invited all Malian citizens to lend their support to this new school in
order to "make it better and fully functional." Only on this condition
could it become an effective instrument in the country's development.

Addressing the 60 graduates, the political secretary counseled moderation
-and exhorted them to seek better knowledge of the Party and of all the
nation's institutions. They should especially strive to raise their level
of consciousness and consolidate their feelings of solidarity, which are
characteristic of the Malian people.

Mr Djibril Diallo concluded by congratulating the founders of the ENP on
their commitment and devotion to their mission.

8782
CSO: 3419/536

31



JPRS*SSA=85+098
10 October 1985

SEYCHELLES ~

BRIEFS

ZERO INFLATION RATE-~According to official government statistics, the Seychel-
les recorded for the first time since 1982 a zero inflation rate over the 12
months to last July. Rice, fish and a number of vegetables showed substantial
price reductions. I.0.N.-If this tendency is confirmed it is evidence of a
sharp recovery in the Seychelles economy in this sector. Apart from 1982,

when the price index was negative (-0.9 per cent), inflation levels were a
source of anxiety for the authorities. Last year the annual rate was around
eight per cent, and in 1983 it registered six per cent. The government will
take full advantage of this good result to justify the establishment of the
Seychelles Marketing Board, whose function is to gradually assume control of
all foreign trade and the distribution sector. At the beginning of this month
the SMB boasted that it had guaranteed relatively low prices for fish, which
is consumed in the large quantities in the Seychelles, while traditionally
such prices rocket at this time of the year when the fishing is poor. Tourism
is another sector which is giving the Seychelles government satisfaction. In
the first six months of this year 35,500 tourists came to the archipelago on
holiday, a figure 18 per cent up on the same period in 1984 and close to the
all-time record of 37,888 visitors which was set in 1979. [Text] [Paris THE
INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 24 Aug 85 p 6]

csO: 3400/1192

55



JPRS+SSA85=098
10 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

PARTY UNITY TALKS TO RESUME--Harare, 23 Sep, SAPA--Unity talks between ZANU~PF
and ZAPU are to resume "very soon," the minister of political affairs and
coordination of cooperatives, Mr Maurice Myagumbo, revealed in an interview
published today. The prime minister, Mr Robert Mugabe, had appointed a three-
man senior ministerial team to talk to the ZAPU leader Dr Joshua Nkomo at the
latter's request, said Mr Nyagumbo, who is also the ZANU-PF secretary for
administration. He disclosed that Dr Nkomo had been seeing President Canaan
Banana and through him sought an appointment with Mr Mugabe to talk about
unity. "Now the prime minister has appointed Comrade Emerson Munangagwe, min-
ister of state for security, Comrade Eddison Zyobgo, the minister of justice,
legal and parliamentary affairs, and myself to speak to him and I hope that
the talks will start very soon", said Mr Nyagumbo. The previous talks on
unity between the two parties, more than two years ago, collapsed. "The break-
down of the earlier talks was caused by what we thought were outrageous de-
mands by the ZAPU delegation," Mr Nyagumbo said. The ZAPU demands included
making Dr Nkomo deputy prime minister and the release of the detained ex-
ZIPRA (ZAPU's military wing) commanders Lookout Masuku and Dumiso Dabengwa.
For their part, ZAPU officials claimed that the ZANU-PF conditions amounted
to "swallowing up their party." [Johannesburg SAPA in English 0858 GMT

23 Sep 85 MB}

csO: 3400/1211 END

109


will lend greater recognition to the realities of this country. May one hope
that this will force them into greater modesty and into the realization that
political sniping at the government will not get them anywhere?

Perhaps Mandela, although unintentionally, did South Africa as a whole a great
favor.

8700
CSO: 3401/307

73



JPRS=SSA+85=098
10 October 1985

LIBERIA

BRIEFS

HARASSMENT CHARGES DENIED--The National Democratic Party of Liberia
{NDPL] has denied having knowledge of allegations by the Unity Party
[UP] that members of the NDPL Special Task Force have harassed and
threatened the life of a UP member, Mrs Ethel (Telewiyen) of
(Gartnerville). Speaking during a press conference at the UP
Headquarters in Monrovia yesterday, Mrs (Telewiyen) complained that
members of the NDPL Special Task Force have threatened to deal with
her drastically because of involvement in campaigning in the
(Gartnerville) area for the UP. Mrs (Telewiyen) said further that
because of the threat, she is insecure and appealed to the standard
bearer of the UP, Dr Kesselly, to approach the appropriate authorities
to save her life. Reacting to the allegations yesterday when contacted
by a reporter, the national treasurer of the UDPL, Mr Samuel (Enzuma),
said as far as members of the NDPL are concerned, they are law-abiding
citizens. [Text] [Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 0655 GMT 25 Sep

85]

LEADER URGES CALM--The standard bearer of the Unity Party [UP],

Dr Edward B. Kesselly, has appealed to all UP partisans and supporters,
especially those in Kakata, to remain calm and law-abiding and refuse
to be provoked into taking the law into their ow hands. At a news
conference held on Tuesday at the headquarters of the UP, Dr Kesselly
called on his partisans and supporters to remain committed to the
principle of unity, peace, prosperity, and security for all Liberians
regardless of their political affiliations. He used the occasion to
inform the press that at the weekend, soldiers in Kakata, Margibi
County, led by Lieutenant (Golu Sanna) arrested UP's senatorial
candidate, Stephen (Notyet) Carter, on the orders of the super-
intendent and kept him in common jail until Monday morning.

[Text] [Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 0655 GMT 25 Sep 85]

VOTERS' CARDS TO NDPL--The chairman of the Special Elections Commission
[SECOM], Ambassador Emmett Harmon, has denied reports that SECOM has
given out 250,000 voters’ registration cards to members of the National
Democratic Party of Liberia, NDPL. Answering yesterday a VOA
correspondent's question whether SECOM was aware of the distribution

25



JPRS+SSA¥85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

REPORTS, COMMENT ON CONSUMER BOYCOTT CAMPAIGN

Boycott Harmful to Blacks
Pretoria DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 7 Aug 85 p 1
[Article by Toekie Oberholzer]

{Text] Port Elizabeth -- Prof C. Wait, professor of economics at the
University of Port Elizabeth, warns that a black boycott of white stores harms
not only white businessmen, but will certainly boomerang onto the black
community. As white businessmen are forced to shut their shops, more and more
Blacks will lose their jobs at these firms and join the enormous ranks of the
unemployed. "I expect that the Blacks themselves will rebel against the
boycott and its consequences", says Prof Wait.

The black boyeott of businesses in Port Elizabeth, which began on 22 July, is
now in its third week, and according to Mr Koos Alberts of the Afrikaans
Chamber of Commerce, its effects are being thoroughly felt. He said "the
purchasing power of the individual is not great, but the black community
represents an enormous percentage of the market which must be utilized."
Numerous smaller enterprises which relied mainly on black business are hard
pressed and some were even already forced to shut down. This is especially
true of businessmen in the North End area." According to Mr Alberts, the
effect of the boycott, however, should not be overestimated at this stage.
Businessmen have to not only contend with the boycott, but also with the
recession now afflicting the country. "If a business enterprise closes now,
it has probably in any case failed to keep its head above water," he said.

According to the manager of Constantia Centre, the largest shopping center in

North End, the complex has been practically deserted from the day the boycott
was put into effect.

91



The direct result of this state of affairs is that the cost price per fattened
kilogram of meat:is 290 francs, too high for the masses. To solve this prob-

lem, for that which is produced has to be consumed, exports now go to countries
such as the Congo, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe. :

The total cost to set up the feedlot thus comes to 300 million CFA francs,
This sum was given to our country by the Federal Republic of Germany in the for
form of a nonrepayable loan. .

Quarantine Station

The Banfora livestock station is divided into two zones: the quarantine sta-
tion and the fattening station.

At the quarantine station, the cattle go through a period of adaptation. Cat-
tle brought in from grazing gradually move on to the intensive phase, with a
planned feeding program that includes cottonseed and sugar cane molasses. |
During this 3-week period, the animals are observed and protected against most
diseases through the administration of vaccines. After 3 weeks, the cattle
are transferred to the fattening zone, where they are fattened up and sent
off to the slaughterhouse,

Cattle at the feedlot are bought from the breeders, However, only steers are
purchases; no cows. This is so because the feedlot is not set up for breeding.
Given high-quality feed, cows have difficulty giving birth. This happened
once at the station and it took 3 days before the cow delivered, quite simply
because the station is not set up for such situations. No Caesarian could be
performed there.

In selecting its animals, the feedlot also avoids taurins, preferring zebus.
This choice is guided by the demands of merchants, who are seeking both quan-
tity and quality. Actually, a taurin cannot exceed 300 kilos under feedlot
conditions, while zebus can go as high as 600. Furthermore, customs duties
are the same for both.

The feedlot is made up of four lots with a Capacity of 150 head each, which
means that the entire operation has a capacity of 600 head of cattle. The
fattening operation lasts 6 months and the feedlot can therefore theoretically
support 1,200 cattle a year for slaughter. But in the opinion of the station
director, it is impossible to reach this figure because of financial problems
besetting the station and also because it is difficult to find the right
animals,

To these objective factors, one must add difficulties of obtaining agricultural
by-products, cottonseed in Particular. This year, for example, production was
insufficient because, according to the station director, the nuhber of consumers
increased and especially because unscrupulous merchants bought, hoarded and
then later sold at speculative prices. To solve its problem, the feedlot had
to negotiate with livestock officials in order to have a voucher for 250 tons.
The last time, he was able to get only 100 tons, which forced him to continue
negotiations with SOFITEX [Textile Fiber Company] to have first choice on
cottonseed that would go for human consumption at 15 francs a kilo.



JPRS#SSA=85~098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY CRITICAL OF FAR RIGHT
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 14 Aug 85 p 12

{Article by Dawie: "Time of Escape from Country's Realities Is Now Gone for
Good" ]

{Text] Mr Jaap Marais has reason to fear, as he said the Saturday before last
in Parow, that another far-rightwing party may arise. It would just be a
continuation of what has been under way more and more in reactionary circles:
The establishment of a variety of parties and groups which cooperate with each
other up to a certain point, but also often differ sharply with each other and
even exchange bitter reproaches. This has already earlier brought up the
question as to how these groups and parties can expect to be able to pull
others closer if they cannot even get along with each other.

They Want to Escape

But there is an important consideration which is actually the reason for the
proliferation of parties and groups. That is that none of them have a clear,
generally acceptable view of things. Not one has a well-founded policy or
program that can even satisfy all the reactionaries alone. The dangerous
time in which South Africa finds itself makes it necessary for thinking people
in those ranks to form an idea of where they want the country to go. In any
case, they are not getting any guidance from the right these days. All that
can merely be said about the rightwing groups is that they want to escape --
away from reality -- to a tree. It was Dr Andries Treurnicht who said that if
a lion charges you, you have to climb up a tree. And if there is no tree?
Then you simply say: "but there has to be a tree!" And that is that.

Mirage

He has thus not only pronounced a damning judgment on his own wishful-thinking
approach, but has typified the whole reactionary establishment. They are all
looking for trees, Some of them went to look for it at Morgenzon, where they
wanted to found a white state in miniature -- in very small miniature. Dr
Treurnicht looked for a tree in the mirage of a homeland for Coloreds. We are
hearing less and less about that lately. It is also a tree which "should"
have been there. But it just isn't there. And that is that too. The main
reality from which the escape squad is trying to get away is that South Africa
is not a pure white state. It has never yet been that and never can become
that. That is the essential fact in the South African situation. Whoever
does not take that into account has not even yet begun to think about handling
the country's problem of relationships.

74



JPRS*SSA~85~098
10 October 1985

The Soviet ships are the nuclear-powered "Frunze", a battle cruiser
of the "Kirov" Class, the two destroyers "Osmotritilnyy" of the
"Soveremenny" Class, and the "admiral Spironov'" of the "Udaloy"
Class, and the auxiliary vessel the "Genrik Gasnov" of the "Boris
Chilikin" Class. [Ship names as received]

Television Reporting
MB251925 Johannesburg Television Service in English 1700 GMT 25 Sep 85

[Text] A formidable task force of Soviet warships has moved further
down the South African west coast, and is expected to round the Cape
of Good Hope any time now. Newsmen. saw the ships from a South
African Air force flight this afternoon. Charles Pouw reports:

[Begin video] [Poww standing in front of DC-3] The Dakota flight
found the task force of Soviet ships between 60 and 70 nautical
miles off the coast at Saldanha Bay. The four heavily armed ships
were heading south, in perfect weather conditions.

[Video shows cruiser shadowed by RSA air force Piaggio P166
Albatross] The biggest of the four ships is the nuclear-propelled
battle cruiser, "Frunze" with a displacement of 28,000 tons, carrying
a crew of 900 officers and ratings. Bristling with missiles, guns,
and torpedo tubes, this ship of the "Kirov" Class only became known
to the West in the late 1980's. The ship has exceptional surface and
antiaircraft attack capability. It can blast out 36 missiles from
three pods of launchers, has 10 guns, and 8 torpedo tubes. The three
Hormone helicopters were stowed in their hangar.

[Video shows destroyers] Next up are the two destroyers, and they
have an equally sophisticated array of armaments abroad, The
Osmotritilny is a guided missile destroyer, carrying four torpedo
tubes, eight guns, eight SSM missiles, and two SAM's. She also
carries a helicopter. The destroyer Admiral Spironov was buit for
anti-submarine warfare, but also carries SAM and ASW missiles. The
destroyers have a displacement of 8,500 tons, and a crew of about
400.

[Video shows freighter] Keeping pace with the fleet at about 15 knots
was the fleet auxilliary ship, "gendrik gasnov". Up to now, naval
intelligence has reported no attempts to refuel at sea. The’ replenish-
ment vessel carries 1,300 tons of fuel, and this could easily be

done, but it is more than likely that they will await until the next
port. The navy and air force are continuing their surveillance of

the Russian task force, but a conventional submarine, which could

be. part of the force, is still eluding them. The periscope was seen
only once, off Walvis Bay, when she was ahead of the fleet. Travelling

80



given at ENSA (National Animal Health School) by comrade Guigma Salif, technical
adviser in the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Raising, on the topic "the
new livestock raising policy in Burkina," is of cardinal importance in our
development strategy. Actually, despite the uncertainties of the climate,
agriculture and livestock raising constitute a key to development. In Burkina's
new policy, one cannot dissociate agriculture from livestock raising because
they move evolve in the same direction,

Burkinabe agriculture has few favorable conditions. It depends on climatic
and geological factors. The northern region of the country is the livestock
raising area, the center that of grain, and the south, which has abundant
precipitation, is the field of crop diversity with an abundance of tubers.
Several factors limit the development of agriculture and livestock raising.
The main factor is rainfall, which can be summed up by low totals, meaning an
uncertain crop yield and even uncertain livestock results. Another factor is
the absence of the association of agriculture with livestock raising. The
absence of techniques using manure as fertilizer means the soil is exhausted
and crops poor. The generalized practice of brush fires facilitates clearing
and provides, it is believed > some fertilizer, but exposes the soil to erosion
from wind and water. The lack of adequate farm machinery and implements is a
serious handicap. The technical backwardness of the growing system subjects th
the people living in certain areas of our country to frequent shortages.

Deforestation: Serious Handicap

Actually, deforestation and the lack of pasture which we now experience is not
surprising. This precarious situation is due to the old policy which did not
give the people a true awareness of the need for real scope of the preservation
of our ecosystem. One therefore witnessed anarchic cutting of wood, uncon-
trolled straying of livestock and above all, brush fires. These practices
could not fail to lead to reduced ‘chances or possibilities of development

The traditional transhumance circuits were highly precarious and appeared to
be the reflection of nomadism, Evils afflicting Burkinabe livestock vary and
are specific from place to place, from north to south. Generally, one wit-
messes an uncontrolled animal health, a failure to control or master feed,
statistics and production parameters, but above all, problems of rational

New Livestock Raising Policy

Under the RDP, the new livestock raising policy will consist of the following
points: an integration of livestock raising and agriculture; intensified



stood with us during our own war of liberation, but that the struggle to
eliminate bandits in Mozambique side by side with FRELIMO, is also a practi-
cal and necessary defence of our own independence.

The people must know that there is no other course possible if Zimbabwe is

to remain free to continue along its chosen path of total independence, worthy
of the sacrifices that the sons and daughters of this country voluntarily made
for us to be free. .

When we realise that the MNR was brought into being by the government of Ian
Smith to undermine our people's efforts to free themselves from his racist
rule, it becomes logical that we must help in the elimination of the monster
that was created and reared in the first place to jeopardise our liberation
efforts.

The attitude of the people towards Zimbabweans fighting in Mozambique against
the bandits must be similar to the one we had towards those who fought here
to overthrow the Smith-Muzorewa regime.

The whole idea of African independence and dignity would be in a shambles and
rendered meaningless if any reactionaries, just because they had the money,
were to be allowed to topple progressive African governments using a hand-
ful of foreign mercenaries, local misguided tribalists and others under the
influences of religious mumbo jumbo.

cso: 3400/1211

108



JPRS*SSA*854098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

PUBLIC ACCESS TO CAPE MISSILE RANGE RESTRICTED
MB240518 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1849 GMT 23 Sep 85

[Text] Cape Town, 23 Sep, SAPA--Public access to the western section of

the ARMSCOR [Armament Development and Production Corporation] missile testing
range bordering the De Hoop nature reserve in the western Cape will be illegal
from Friday.

The area, which stretches along the coast from 5 km east of Arniston to the
western border of De Hoop, will be declared a restricted area in terms of a
proclamation to be published in the government gazette.

The coastal area of the reserve itself is not affected.
It is the first part of the new testing range area to be closed to the public.

The closure, announced today by the deputy minister of defence and law and
order, Mr Adriaan Vlok, follows an application by ARMSCOR in June this year
to close the area earlier than intended because it claimed excessive vandal-
ism and poaching was taking place.

At the time outdoor enthusiasts and anglers in the Arniston area denied the
claims, saying they were "totally unjustified."

They also felt the early closure was unnecessary since ARMSCOR had allowed
cottage owners on the coast east of De Hoop to rent back their cottages until
the end of 1986.

In his statement Mr Vlok said the proclamation of the area would assist
ARMSCOR in preserving the area against illegal entry. He said two people

had recently been arrested in the area and would be appearing in court on
charges of poaching.

cso: 3400/1210

78



JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

TANZANIA

BRIEFS

JAPANESE, ITALIAN LOANS--Italy has given Tanzania 100 million dollars in loans
with effect from this year to finance projects for developing agriculture and
energy sources in the east African country. An agreement to this effect was
signed at the end of a visit to Tanzania on August 6 of Italian deputy foreign
minister Mario Raffaelli. At the same time, Snamprogetti. the civil engineer-
ing company attached to the nationalised oil concern ENI, announced that it
had won the contract put out to tender by the Tanzania National Petroleum
Company to build a bitumen plant at the Dar es Salaam petrochemical complex
which was itself built by Snamprogetti in the 1960s. The new contract is put
at 30 billion lire (16 million dollars). Along with Somalia, Ethiopia and
Mozambique, Tanzania is the principal recipient of Italian economic aid to
Africa. Most of the funds allocated to Tanzania by Rome are for agro-
industry, energy sources and the national infrastructure. Japan has awarded
a 3.8 million dollar loan to Tanzania to pay for the third phase of the Dar
es Salaam government's national fishery development plan. The loan is to the
Tanzania Fisheries Corporation (TAFICO), which will provide a new jetty, cold
stores and a trawler for the Kigamboni region. These developments form part
of a project costing 55 million dollars to improve the distribution, storage
and marketing of fish in Tanzania. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER
in English 24 Aug 85 p 7]

ALGERIAN COOPERATION PROTOCOL--Tanzania and Algeria today exchanged
instruments of ratification of an agreement which established a joint
commission for economic, cultural, and technical cooperation in 1981.
The instruments were exchanged between the acting foreign minister,
Ndugu Joseph Warioba, and the Algerian ambassador, Mr Muhammad
Bouzarbia. Under the agreement Algeria has drilled three wells in
southern Tanazania in all prospecting operations. Algeria has also
offered 18 scholarships to workers of the Tanzania petroleum develop-
ment corp to study at its petroleum institute. On its part Tanzania
has been selling coffee, cloves, and cardamom as part of the agree-
ment. [Text] [Dar es Salaam External Service in English 1600 GMT

24 Sep 85]

cso; 2300/7

104



JPRS#SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY COMMENTS ON ROLE OF BUSINESS IN REFORM
MB200924 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 20 Sep 85
[Station commentary]

[Text] Organized commerce and industry in South Africa are playing a larger--
at least more publicly visible--part in the political affairs of the country
than ever before. Latest evidence of this is the testimony before a UN com-
mittee this week by a group representing most of the biggest employers organ—
izations.

Appearing before a panel investigating the operations of multinational com-
panies, the group argued that if outside interests wished to promote change
in South Africa, they could do no better than give their support to what was
already being done.

From its perspective of concern with the material welfare of the country,
the business community undoubtedly does have an important, indispensible even,
contribution to make to the proper ordering of society.

The external initiatives exemplified by the UN testimony form only a part of
that political role, It is, of course, an essential part, most notably at
times when. international interest in local affairs develops into interference
of the kind that may have serious economic repercussions.

Since business is affected by anything in the economic environment through
which stability and growth are harmed, such threats are necessarily its
concern. Hence, businessmen have a clearly political role to play in inform-
ing governments and bodies like the United Nations of the facts of the South
African situation and the implications of punitive economic measures.

Even more important is. the internal role. It is especially when the dis-
ruptions occur that invariably accompany change. Whether they take the form
of external action, internal revolutionary activity, or unrest arising from
real political and other grievances--that business cannot avoid being drawn
into politics.

Indeed, it has not only a right but a duty to keep government informed of
the effects on the business sector of political actions or neglect in taking

89


JPRS*SSA#85*098
10 October 1985

SOMALIA

BRIEFS

NEW PHONE SYSTEM--A consortium comprising three Japanese companies, C. Iton and
Co., Furukawa Electric and Fujitsu Ltd, signed a 20.8 million dollar (five
billion yen) contract on August 28 to equip Mogadishu with a new telephone
system. Under the agreement between the consortium and the Somali telecommuni-
cations ministry Furukawa will supply co-axial cables for a 12,000-circuit net-
work, while Fujitsu will deliver a digital exchange capable of handling 8,000
lines and a telex system of 1,000 circuits capacity. In May 198) Japan's Over-
seas Economic Cooperation Fund granted a loan of 22 million dollars to Somalia
to finance this project, which was included in the last development programme
submitted by Mogadishu to the United Nations conference on least-developed
countries in_ June 1981. /Text/ /Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English
T Sep 85 p 5/

BANK OPERATIONS ALLOWED--The Somali government announced on August 25 its
decision to allow local and foreign private banks to operate within the coun-
try. Also, the Chanber of Trade, Industry and Agriculture, which is currently
controlled by the state, will soon be administered by a council made up of
businessmen, working in collaboration with a government representative. I.0.N.-
This important measure completes the arrangements introduced on January 1 this
year under pressure from the International Monetary Fund to expand the role of
the private sector and increase foreign investment. At that time, it was
decided in particular to authorise Somali citizens and foreigners, whether
resident in the country or not, to hold bank accounts in other currencies.
One of the aims of this was to encourage wealthy traders from northern Somali
and expatriates working in the Gulf states to place their money in Somali
bank arom: [fext/ /Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 31 Aug
DPT

CSO: 3400/1130

57



JPRS#*SSA+85=098
10 October 1985

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

UNNECESSARY FOOD IMPORTS--Nigeria's foreign reserve is the’ focus of
the NIGERIAN TIDE. It observes that the reserve has fallen to an
all time low of 787 million naira and attributes the situation to
the poor state of the nation's economy. The TIDE believes that
despite the talk about the present economic situation, Nigerians are
not doing enough to arrest the trend. It advises the government to
stop the importation of what it calls unnecessary food items, arguing
that until this is done all talk about self-reliance will amount to
an exercise in futility. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English
1200 GMT 25 Sep 85]

JOB RESERVATIONS--Yesterday, President Ibrahim Babangida told a
delegation of the Nigerian Labor Congress, NLC, that the administra-
tion is compiling a list of jobs that will be exclusively reserved
for Nigerians in the public and private sectors. He said that the
step was being taken to ensure that no expatriate was employed where
qualified Nigerians were available. The president asked the NLC

to forward proposals on how to increase productivity and create more
employment opportunities. It. should also make proposals on how to
reduce the government's involvement in the economy [words indistinct].
[Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 24 Sep 85]

SOLDIER'S FRINGE BENEFITS WITHDRAWN--The minister of internal affairs,
Lieutenant Colonel John Shagaya, has explained that fringe benefits
for soldiers were withdrawn because of the slump in the nation's
economy. He told troops of 174th Mechanized Battalion at Badagri
yesterday that apart from the bad economic situation, the army was
indebted to various parastatals. Fringe benefits temporarily
withdrawn include cost allowance, overnight allowance, and leave
allowance, which have been reduced by half. Col Shagaya, who was
formerly the commander of the 9th Mechanized Brigade, is currently on
a farewell tour of units under the brigade. [Text] [Lagos Domestic
Service in English 1200 GMT 25 Sep 85]

PLATEAU ORDERS DETAINEE RELEASE--In Plateau State, seven political
detainees were yesterday ordered to be released on the orders of the
Federal Government. They include two former commissioners: Mr
Emmanuel Elayo and Dr Sylvester Nagba. A statement from the
governor's office asked the detainees to report to the federal
authorities in Lagos for further directives. [Text] [Lagos
Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 24 Sep 85]

53



Meanwhile, campaigners from various institutions of higher learning throughout
the country continue to return from their places of assignment where they

had helped in rehabilitation efforts to resettle compatriots affected by
drought. Upon their return Tuesday to Debre Berhan town from the Metekel
rehabilitation site, campaigners from the Debre Berhan Teachers! Training
Institute were warmly welcomed by members of the Tegulet-Bulga provincial

WPE Committee, representatives of government agencies and mass organizations,
as well as thousands of residents of the town.

A warm welcome was also accorded to campaigners from the Robi Teachers'
Training Institute on arrival in Goba town of Bale region Tuesday after complet-
ing their rehabilitation task in Metekel Province of Gojjam Region.

A similar enthusiastic welcome was also given to campaigners from the
Gondar Medical Science College upon their return from the Metekel rehabilitation
centre in Gojjam Region.

Present at the welcoming ceremony were Comrade Wagayehu Sahlu, Chief Administrator
of Gondar Region, members of the WPE Committee of the Gondar Zuria Province, and
representatives of government and mass organizations.

Similarly over 1,500 students, lecturers and employees from institutions of
higher learning returned here yesterday from Gambella after a 2-month service
at rehabilitation centres in the province.

The campaigners from the science, technology and medical faculties of the
Addis Ababa University, the Building College, the Nazareth Teacher Training
Institute and the Debre Zeit Veterinary Medical College were accorded warm
welcome on arrival at Bole International Airport.

The "Meskerem Hulet" Brigade, with 1,427 members was cited as the group with
the best performance and was awarded a silver trophy for constructing 3,500
dwelling units, an auditorium and five service rendering units.

Reports reaching here from elsewhere in the country meanwhile indicate that

campaigners deployed in other parts of the country were also given enthusiastic
welcome when arriving in their respective localities. (ENA)

CsO: 3400/1219

15



stout Gerald Ford-
Kessinger concert in
Opposition.

‘And by the eve of its
retirement from the political
Scene, the administration
had successfully applied the
weapon of ‘oil both as an
arm twister and a whip to
thrash Britian’s. “Iron

"i submission
thereby, wrestling Zim-
babwe from the clutches of
the triangular Pretoria,
London and Washirgton
conspiracy.

Herein lies the essence of
@ dynamic and clear-cut
The end result of such
display ot dynanism was
‘respect for the country by
the + jnternational
communities. Nigerians
wherever they went were
loved and respected. In the
African content, the
‘country became’ respected
and the leading role that the
country was aiming to play
became concretized. This in
effect means, that-respect
for Nigeria by the other
African countries has much.
to do with her role in the
world policies.

Thus,. it became clear
that it is not enough to
make Africa, the centre
piece of our foreign policy.
sobjectives but more
importantly, such “centre
piece” must be defined in
concrete terms.

The Shagari government
in 1979 herited this.
dynamism in our foreign
policy although situation
later changed due to bad
andling.

Thus both during Gowon
and Shagari regimes, the
big brother role of the
country became more
pronounced. The country

then assumed the Giant’
.of the continent. Nigeria

was seen as the chief
.Spokesman of the conti-
nent. In Shakespearian fan-
guage, therefore ‘some
‘Nigerians and Nigeria's
admires came to regard the

cso: 3400/1203

country as the collosus that
bestride the African
continent.

But oblivious of the fact
that power is most powerful
when not used. The false
impression already created
among the African states
was soon to enhance their
growing disenchantment to-
wards the country and her
nationals. Although since
the inception of the last

administration, efforts have

. been geared towards a re-

appraisal of our foreign
policy objectives in order to
‘once again be put in our
Proper position, but it
‘appears that the continued
hatassment and molesta-
tion of Nigerians whereby
they go in the continent has
gone. beyond mere diplo-
matic rhetorics.

it now demands a

practical step towards

if Nigerian citizens
abroad could get thrown
into jails arbitrarily as they
have been in-Ghana, Zaire,
Ivory Coast Equatorial
Guinea and in far away
Saudi Arabia, if Nigerian
athletes could be persisten-
tly molested and manhand-
led as it recently happened
in Ethiopia and Ivory Coast
if a midget Cameroun
could incessantly harassed
Nigerians at the country's
border with her, and even
despite Nigeria's OPEC
connections it could fail to
persuade Saudi Arabia to
stop its senseless policy of
glutting the oil market, if all
these could happen, then a
more realistic approach to
‘our foreign policy is not
only timely but very much
overdue.

A foreign policy which
does not guarantee even
the most basic objectives
should be a cause for
concern.

The America’s policy

44

towards the release of her
nationals held hostages
during Amin’s government,
and even the continued
clash between Israel and
Egypt at the Western Bank
are ail based on the concept"
of permanent interest as. an
inevitable adjunct in foreign
policy objectives. White we
hold the interest of fellow
Africans and any other
People for that matter dear
to our hearts, we must
strive to grapple with the
need to first seek our
‘natural interest and welfare
which is like seeking first

the kingdom of heaven and

expecting everything else
including the gradi
dream of _ international
relations to follow.

's it mot for national
interest that honest men are
sent as ambassadors
abroad to propagate the
good of their nationals,

- Afterall, leadership is a
social process and social
Processes are time
phenomenon. At ieast all
African countries should by
‘now realise that Nigeria can -
mount a disciplined
Operation by herself
without the economic or
logistics of other African
countries.

Although no country is
an Island to itself, the
principle of interdepen-
dence itself requires a
dynamic foreign policy if
only to evoke the
confidence of others.

Nigeria's Africa's centre
piece should not be allowed
to be misconstrued to
mean diplomatic weakness.
While — systematicay
pursuing our leadership role
in the African continent,
any African country with
inherent hatred or enmity
towards the country and
her nationals should be
treated as situations
demand and be properly
placed where it belongs.

Our size and endowed
natural resources should be
‘a source of joy and not one
ot unhappiness, sorrow
and regrets as some African
countries are wont to turn it
to.



cso:

the state executive council.

A government statement in
Makurdi said new commissioners
would be appointed soon.

Group Captain Jang has pro-
mised to ensure that the state at-
tained equal developmental
status with other states.

He told newsmen shortly on ar-
rival on Tuesday in Makurdi that
he would draw out a programme
of action after consultations with
the secretary to the government
and permanent secretaries.

Governor Jang observed that
Makurdi had developed from
what he knew of it as a young of-
ficer. He promised to run an open
government.

Governor of Borno State, Major
Abdul Mumini Aminu, said in
Maiduguri on Tuesday that he
would retain all the commis-
sioners who served under Major-
General Abubakar Waziri.

He told newsmen on arrival in
Maiduguri that the commis-
sioners would continue in the,
same capacities except those: who
might be found wanting.

At the Shehu of Borno’s palace,
he met members of the state
Council of Chiefs, and assured
them of his determination to
work for the development and
upliftment of the people of the
state.

He said the government would
give priority to agriculture and
rural development and urged the
people of the state to rally round

im.

Governor of Ondo State, Com-

3400/1204

mander Mike Akhigbe, said his
priority programme was to
create a “rapport” among the
people of the state.

He told newsmen in Akure that
an atmosphere of mutual trust
was the only vehicle for develop-
ment.

The governor said that the
issue of either to retain or sack
the commissioners was a matter
of protocol and that the decision
of the government would soon be
made public.

Former Governor of Bauchi
State, Brigadier Sani Sami has
asked civil servants to continue
to cooperate with the new leader-
ship in the state.

Ina farewell speech to top civil
servants and traditional rulers at
the Government House, Bauchi
yesterday, he said the state was
lucky to have.a dedicated civil
service, adding that if the trend
continued it would be one of the
best.

The occasion marked the of-
ficial handing over of the state
administration to the new Gover-

nor, Lt.-Colonel Chris Garba.

The Governor of Kano State.
Lt.-Col. Ahmed Daku, said in
Kano yesterday that he had no
immediate plans to appoint new
commissioners.

‘If there is need for me to ap-
point new commissioners, iater, I
will do so,” he said.

Lt.-Col. Daku told newsmen
that he would study the problems
facing the state ‘before deciding
on what should be my priority’.

48



multiracial establishments of their own free will or set up their own
institutions; they must simply be packed together. The pendulum of
integration thus does not stay somewhere in the middle, but swings over by the
aid of threats, extortion and all kinds of reprehensible means.

Even a still more unacceptable extreme awaits South Africa if current
developments are not brought to a speedy end: discrimination in reverse.
Whites are discriminated against in a terrible way when the integrationists
come to the inevitable conclusion that their ideal of mixture is not
successful. The race quotas stipulated by American universities and the
discord which these caused are well-known. For example, Whites who by merit
are entitled to admission to certain faculties are rejected in order to make
place for black students. This discrimination, also called "affirmative
action," has the express aim of favoring non-Whites over Whites, and is
already being applied in South Africa. How else can the excessive tax
contribution of Whites to non-White development be explained? If things
continue as they are now, Whites will not only be expected to integrate
completely, but they will also be penalized if the integration does not
progress as desired.

The viewpoint of racial segregation has been ruled totally unacceptable,
indecent and out of order in America. Pleas in favor and on behalf of
Marxism, homosexuality, pornography and all kinds of other deviations are
tolerated, but anyone who dares speak in favor of racial separation is cast
into the proverbial outer darkness by hanging the nasty label of "racism"
around his neck. In this way white Americans have been compelled to total
silence and surrender within the span of a few decades. The cardinal weapon
for this in the hands of the leftists was and is without doubt Nazi Germany.
Anyone who dares openly say that he stands for the preservation of his racial
identity is immediately associated with the alleged deeds of National
Socialists during the Hitler period. Therefore then, that bit of history is
not allowed to be put to rest, and is served up with tedious and irritating
regularity in newspapers, on television and by other media. There is
consequently every now and then a worldwide search for this or that "war
criminal," whether it is now a Barbie or a Mengele. Whether such a person
ever appears before a court and is found guilty of the alleged crimes does not
make one iota of difference to the hunters and propagandists.

One of the greatest dangers for the Afrikaner is that he will allow himself to
succumb to this intimidation. Then the same path that Americans had to walk
awaits him: forced integration and a literal ban on stating his case. The
present juncture of time demands of the National Afrikaner that he not let
himself be forced into a leftist debate dictatorship. The central political
controversy in South Africa revolves around race and the relationship among
the various racial groups, especially white and black. The strongest case can
conceivably be made for this, and therefore it must be stated continually,
bluntly and openly.

13084
csos 3401/282

77



JPRS*SSA*85~098
10 October 1985

ETHIOPIA

REWA COMMITTED TO ESTABLISH PDRE
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 10 Sep 85 pp 1, 2

[Text] The Revolutionary Ethiopia Women's Association (REWA) will undertake
numerous development activities in future and is fully prepared to contribute
its share of struggle towards the founding of the People's Democratic
Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE).

The statement was made by Comrade Asegedech Bizuneh, alternate member of the
CC of the WPE and chairperson of the REWA, in a statement on the occasion of
the marking of the fifth anniversary of the establishment of the Revolutionary
Ethiopia Women's Association. Comrade Asegedech said that the occasion is
being marked with the launching of a weeklong work campaign and holding of
gatherings in offices of REWA chapters.

Comrade Asegedech noted that REWA is discharging its national, regional and
international responsibilities properly and is particularly engaged at present
in registering new members and organising basic REWA chapter thereby strengthen-
ing itself.

The REWA chairperson said that REWA has streamlined its structure in 30 higher
UDAs and 585 districts of the 14 regions including Addis Ababa and the Assab
provincial administration bringing the total number of members to 5,041,960
registered in 20,787 basic REWA chapters.

The task of REWA chapter included politicizing members and spreading the
knowledge of Marxist-Leninist ideology through seminars, general meetings
and conferences, Comrade Asegedech stated.

As a result of its commendable activities, Comrade Asegedech noted, REWA has
emancipated 5.6 million women from illiteracy and has given opportunities to
members to follow courses in sisterly socialist countries,

Upwards of 80,000 members were also trained in midwifery, home economics and

other handicraft skills in line with the programmes worked out by REWA
chapters, he said.

10



They complained that cashiers deliberately refused to speed up the fee collec-
tion in order to attract more money from the applicants.

The permanent secretary could not be reached for comment as his personal secre-
tary said he was not available for comment.

cso: 3400/1196

52



SOUTH AFRICA

Commentary Stresses Importance of Knomati
(Johannesburg International Service

Nel Debates Australia's Hayden on TV

» 23 Sep 85) .....60.

(Louis Nel, Bill Hayden; Johannesburg Television

Service, 19 Sep 85) ......eeceeeeee

Commentary Discusses Conditions for Process Reform
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 19 Sep 85) ..........00.

Buthelezi Says Blacks Will Choose Democracy

(SAPA, 24 Sep 85) ...ccecececsceeee

Justice Minister Says Bill of Rights Unnecessary

(SAPA, 20 Sep 85) ...eeeeceseeveaee

Mandela's Refusal To Negotiate Upsets Left
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 21 Aug 85)

Commentary Critical of Far Right
(Dawie; DIE BURGER, 14 Aug 85) ....

Newspaper Warns of ‘Integration Dictatorship’

(Gawie; DIE AFRIKANER, 7 Aug 85) ..

Public Access to Cape Missile Range Restricted

(SAPA, 23 Sep 85) ...cceccecceeceee

Soviet Task Force en Route Around Cape

(SAPA, 24 Sep 85; Johannesburg ‘Television Service,

25 Sep 85) ..ceeeeceecceeeceecenees

Leading Toward Mozambican Waters
Television Reporting

U.S. Computer Firm To Remain Despite Sanctions

(Jennigay Coetzer; THE SUNDAY STAR,

Computers Considered Safe From Sanctions

8 Sep 85) ......eeee

(Kerry Clarke; SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Sep 85) ...sscscccceeeucs

Pay Increases Lag Behind Inflation Rise

(Angus MacMillan; SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Sep 85) ......seseeeee

Overtaxation of Black Workers Reported
(LABOUR MIRROR, May/Jun 85) .......

Botha's Survival Defies Economic Setback
(Editorial; BUSINESS DAY, 9 Sep 85)

60

61

67

69

71

72

74

76

78

79

79

80

82

84

85

86

87



JPRS=SSA+85=098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI SAYS BLACKS WILL CHOOSE DEMOCRACY
MB240716 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0654 GMT 24 Sep 85

[Text] Stanger, 24 Sep, SAPA--If real progress began emerging in South
Africa through peaceful negotiation, most black people who now considered
violence a viable political option would abandon it for democracy, Chief
Mangosuthu Buthelezi said in Stanger today.

The Kwazulu chief minister was speaking at a King Shaka Day ceremony attended
by King Zwelithini Kr Bhekuzulu, chiefs and members of the Zulu royal house-
hold, the Kwazulu legislative assembly and the consular corps.

Chief Buthelezi told a large crowd gathered at the place where the founder
of the Zulu nation died that those who followed in Shaka's footsteps would
not cease their efforts until South Africa had been unified as one country,
with one people and one government in which there was one destiny for every-
one, regardless of race, sex or creed.

“Those of us who.call for non-violent democratic opposition reflect the deep
feelings of the vast majority of black South Africans," the chief said.

"The vast majority of black South Africans have a deeply felt need for unity
first and foremost between black group and black group so that we can dis—
charge our historic duty more efficiently to bring unity between black and
white."

Referring to recent unrest in the greater Durban area, Chief Buthelezi
warned that outsiders who tried to divide the Zulus against each other would
not succeed.

He also warned of attempts to reomanticise killing, stoning, destruction and
the burning alive of people. It was "amazing" that some media and some ele-
ments, even in Western governments, had "such appaling double standards"
that they presented township violence as a noble reflection of the aspira-
tions of people striving for worthwhile things.

People, even in such high positions as (Anglican bishop of Johannesburg)
Bishop Tutu, repeatedly tell the world that there is a new generation of

69


JPRS*SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

MINOR CABINET RESHUFFLE~-Kenyan president Daniel arap Moi carried out a minor
cabinet reshuffle on August 6, necessitated by the defeat of three ministers
during the recent elections for posts within the ruling Kenyan African National
Union. However only Robert Matano, a close follower of the head of state who
was Kanu secretary~general until his defeat last July, has left the government,
where he was minister of information, His successor is Moah Katana Ngala.

Also worth noting is the return to the cabinet as minister for labour of Peter
Oloo Aringo, a former information minister who was dismissed after the at-
tempted coup d'etat in August 1982. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER
in English 24 Aug 85 p 4]

cso: 3400/1191

24



JPRS#SSA*85=098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY DISCUSSES CONDITIONS FOR PROCESS REFORM
MB190700 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500 GMT 19 Sep 85
[Station commentary: "Reform, the Ground Rules"]

[Text]. That there is considerable uncertainty and confusion about. the nature
and goals of reform in South Africa today is a statement of the obvious.
Among whites, the complaint is heard that there seems to be no plan giving
direction for the reforms and setting out where it is all leading. Among
many blacks, a similar perception exists and expresses itself in accusations
that almost any reformist announcement or measure is merely cosmetic since

it does not seem to be addressed to the larger political issues.

Some of the confusion is certainly being willfully created by interest groups
which condemn any change that does not promote the kind of political dispensa-—
tion they want, but much of it is genuine. It arises from the nature of the
process of reform, Easily, the most fundamental change in the whole style of
politics in South Africa in the past decade or so, has been the transition
from prescription to negotiation.

There was a time when government drafted blueprints and ‘spelt’ out detailed
end goals, and then went ahead and imposed them on the people whether they
liked it or not. The approach was wrong, was inappropriate to the political
process, and ultimately proved unworkable.

Today the style of politics is characterized by its emphasis on finding solu-
tions to problems through. negotiation, and negotiation is a process which

by its nature, cannot provide blueprints and concrete end goals in advance.
Those still accustomed to the old approach and demanding the specific details
it provided in theory, if not in fact, will therefore inevitably be disap-
pointed and dissatisfied. Yet. there can be no doubt, and both past exper-
dence and common sense confirm, that there can be no lasting ‘political solu-
tions unless they are the product of negotiation. And in South Africa's
multiethnic situation, that means that a future dispensation guaranteeing
stability and democratic rights must have the broad. support of a majority of
all population groups. It is this end goal that gives coherence to meaning-
ful reform.

67



JPRS=SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

COMMENTARY STRESSES IMPORTANCE OF NKOMATI
MB230732 Johannesburg International Service in English 0630 GMT 23 Sep 85
[Station commentary: "The Importance of ‘the Nkomati Accord"]

[Text] The Nkomati Accord between South Africa and Mozambique was referred
to during the historic meeting in Washington between President Samora Machel
and President Reagan.

President Reagan praised President Machel for signing the nonaggression pact
with Pretoria and declared: As a result of her personal foresight and cour-
age cross border violence in the region has been reduced and a more construc-
tive relationship with South Africa begun.

President Machel himself described the Nkomati Accord as the essence of the
stability in the southern African region. In the light of these assessments
of the Nkomati Accord, it is a pity that controversy again surrounds the
agreement. South Africa has admitted that technically it infringed the accord,
but at the same time the South African Government indicated that its inten-
tions were sound. It was trying to promote negotiations between Frelimo and
RENAMO.

However, that aside it is now becoming apparent that Mozambique is moving
closer to the West and this is a good thing. A spokesman for the American
Embassy in Maputo, Mr (Howard Lee), said in an interview in Johannesburg
that there is no doubt that Mozambique is moving closer to the West. He said
Mozambicans had examined their economic situation based on the Soviet model
and had seen that it had not worked. They are pragmatic and honest enough,
he said, to admit that it has not worked and to look to other solutions.

This being the case, it is in the interest of Mozambique to keep in mind that
all the major Western countries have welcomed the Nkomati Accord as a step in
the right direction. It is generally accepted by the West that the southern
African region is interdependent and every step taken to promote that inter-
dependence is welcomed by the West.

This being the case both South Africa and Mozambique must do everything pos-
sible to preserve the Nkomati Accord intect. It remains one of the best
instruments for preserving stability in the subcontinent and for promoting
the economic development of Mozambique.

csO: 3400/1210

60



and while the remaining amount is to be covered by the government. The project
is expected to last for 5 years after which it will be assessed and May continue
to function. The project has a number of components. It includes establishing
more cooperative dairy centres and improving the existing ones. According to
the plan, 250 cooperative dairy centres will be established at the end of the
first 5 years, at the rate of establishing up to 50 centres each year. The
project will also enable the cooperatives to secure loans, through the
Agricultural and Industrial Development Bank. It will reduce the problem of
shortage of incalf heifers as present ranches will be expanded, specially
Abermosa. In addition, 1,000 cross-breed heifers will be imported and be
distributed to cooperatives. The project will also enable the ministry to
establish mini cross-breeding centres in three regions within the environs of
the cooperatives. This will enable the cooperative members to directly involve
themselves in the endeavour. A type of breed known as Jersey, whose milk
contains more fat, will also be imported and its bulls will be distributed to
cooperatives, he said.

Comrade Abay went on to state that the project will also enable the ministry to
establish veterinary services and livestock recording under which mobile
veterinary units will follow up the health of dairy cattle in remote areas
whereas its staff will collect data about the cattle. The project is also
expected to improve the present butter marketing system. Trials and studies
of the project as well as the training and technical assistance section are
also included in the project. In general, the project will help increase the
product of milk and milk products, through strengthening and developing dairy
resources; contribute to meet the growing milk needs of the public; help the
producers cooperatives diversify their incomes and in a way strengthen the
economy of the nation, he concluded.

csO: 3400/1219

7



JPRS*SSA#85+098
10 October 1985

MOZAMBIQUE

VARIOUS COUNTRIES TAKE PART IN MAPUTO INTERNATIONAL FAIR
Joaquim Chissano Opens FACIM
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 26 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 1

(Text] Joaquim Chissano, member of the Political Bureau of the
FRELIMO Party Central Committee and foreign affairs minister of

the People’s Republic of Mozambique, yesterday inaugurated

the 21st Maputo International Fair (FACIM 85). Accompanied by Foreign
Trade Minister Joaquim Carvalho, Daniel Gabriel, vice minister of
foreign trade, and FACIM general director Abel Chicalia, Minister
Chissano spent 5 and 1/2 hours visiting just the foreign

pavilions.

By reason of the geographic location of the "stands" in the arena, the visit
which signalled the opening of the fair was to the Italian pavilion, where

the many projectswhich the Italians are carrying out in Mozambique were clearly
evident.

The FRG pavilion, with several companies exhibiting, focused more on agriculture,
displaying various chemical products. Electronic equipment and household
appliances rounded out this exhibit.

The French pavilion was one of those at a disadvantage on the opening day of
the fair, since the ship which was transporting the material from Europe for
several exhibitors arrived in the country only yesterday, so not everything
was in place yet. This was one of the exhibits of great interest to the
visitors, since several French companies are also currently engaged in various
development projects here. .

Minister Chissano and his party spent several minutes viewing the items on
display at the pavilion of the People's Republic of China. "All this material
is to be donated to the Mozambican Government, the pavilion's director explained.

Anxious to introduce utilitarian articles, China exhibited products ranging
from dishes to bicycles and including carpets and clothing,

The USSR pavilion is divided into three parts. At the entrance are faithful
reproductions of communications and weather satellites, specifically, an exact

34



JPRS*SSA*85=098
10 October 1985

WATANAPA APPOINTED PRESIDENTIAL SECRETARY--A new principal secretary
to the president and commander in chief has been appointed. He is

Mr Hamidu Watanapa, aged 38. Mr Watanapa has held many administrative
posts in the Borno State civil service. He rose to the position of
deputy permanent secretary in the state Ministry of Trade and Industry
in 1979, and was appointed deputy secretary at State House, Marina,
lagos, last year. Mr Watanapa, who holds a bachelor of science
degree in government and a master's degree in public administration,
will be sworn in at a date to be announced later. [Text] [Lagos
Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 24 Sep 85]

NO LAY OFFS FOR PETROLEUM WORKERS--Petroleum resources minister,
Professor Tam David-West, today explained that no worker of the NNPC
[Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation] will be laid off as a
result of the planned reorganization in the corporation. He gave the
explanation at a meeting in Lagos with representatives of the workers
union. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 2100 GMT 24 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/1133

54



JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

TRADE WITH SOFIA-- According to the Bulgarian publication Informations Economiques,
trade between Bulgaria and Ethiopia has increased 17-fold since 1981, and is

now worth 18 million leva. A total of 36 agro-industrial projects are under way,
including a livestock-raising complex under construction in the town of Kocha.

The two countries are particularly interested in their joint venture company

which will rum a farm complex at Kassem Kabena. This development will become

"a model for the production of cotton, tobacco and citrus fruit", the report

said. /Text/ /Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 31 Aug 85 p 67

cso: 3400/1130

20



JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 Cctober 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BOTHA'S SURVIVAL DEFIES ECONOMIC SETBACK
Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 9 Sep 85 pé

fiaitoriel: "Dime-a-Rand President"7
debt repayments freeze and the dual

ket place has effectively imposed eco-
nomic sarctions on South Africa. In the
event, no legislative enactment was neces-
sary.
Nor, for that matter, has the debt repay-
ment freeze — be it temporary or otherwise
— and the reintroduction of the financial
rand helped matters this week. For on Fri-
day the rand closed not far off its value at.
the close of business on the Tuesday of the
suspension of the foreign exchange. and :
share markets,

There appear now to be two routes open to
our financial strategists in Pretoria. One is
for them to try and bluff their way out by
persuading the markets that the rand does
not carry a political discount. That entails
using the reserves and whatever foreign
loans they can get “cap in hand” to support
an economically-realistic value of the rand.
Over some period and at some price that.
could be successful.

At the time of Lord Keynes when

finencial markets were less sophis-

0: the past week the international ma=

ticated and the doctrine of rational

expectations was unknown, there was

@ running chance that such a strategy

would be successful. Whether it
could be successful now is a matter
of judgment and of luck.

The other route is to do a com-

plete about face: scrap last week's

cso: 3400/1130

exchange rate and let the rand's

unitary value float again. That
‘Would open the economy to the full force of
political condemnation abroad. The cost of
apartheid would be there for all — even the
, State President — to see.

With the value of the commerial rand and

the financial rand so close anyway, we may
>be getting there whether we like it or not —
_unless Governor Gerhard de Kock comes up
‘with a gold swap or some other golden goose
today.

We may have to grin and bear an awfully
low dollar rate of exchange: maybe the rand
will be worth only a dime within a few
weeks or days. Theoretically it could go
lower: and a dollar could eventually cost
R100 or more. But at some price foreign
investors will be attracted back: the expect-
ed reward will equal the perceived risk.

There are some advantages in this mad-
ness. There would be less misallocation of
domestic resources. Fewer, if any, residents
will be tempted to smuggle capital out of the
country. It would lock some skills into the
country as the cost of the chicken run would
be too high. And there are others.

They are peripheral to our having to face
the fact that we have a dime-a-rand Presi-
dent. Our guess is that in no Western democ-
racy would a head of government have sur-

. vived what PW Botha has done to the

‘currency over the past three weeks. Once we
-Recognise that, we are back on the road to
reform and a currency that will hold its
economic value. ~ ‘

87



JPRS+SSA~85=098
10 October 1985

NAMIBIA

INAUGURATION SEEN AS MILITARY EVENT TO IMPRESS
Pretoria PARATUS in Afrikaans Aug 85 p 16

[Report: "SWA Territorial Force Adds Luster to Celebrations; Inauguration
of National Unity Government in SWA"]

[Text] The South West African Territorial Force had

a lion's share in the extremely successful celebrations
in connection with the inauguration of the National Unity
Government for the Southwest on Monday 17 June 1985.

During the early morning hours, thousands of people watched an imposing march
through the streets of the black residential area Kastatura, the colored
area Khomasdal and downtown Windhoek. Participating in the marching column
were white, black, colored and Bushman members of the Territorial Force,

as well as members of the SWA police, the prison service and the railway
police --altogether some 900 fighters for the security of the inhabitants

of the South-West.

Afterward the iron fist of the Security Forces followed: dozens of personnel
carriers, field pieces, Elands, Badgers and Buffalos {units] and even a
railway mine sweeper. The whole parade took over 10 minutes to pass by a
certain point.

At about 11:00 o'clock that morning, a proud honor guard composed of young
leaders who are being trained at the SWA Military School in Okahandja was
awaiting the South African State President, Mr P.W. Botha, at the Eros
Airbase.

Later the honor guard was also arrayed at the official residence of former
Administrator General of the Southwest, Dr Willie van Niekerk while the State
President was having lunch there.

Young soldiers were also utilized to line the streets from the Southwest
House to the Tintin palace, where the State President signed the proclamation
for the establishment of an interim government for the Southwest.

Shortly afterward the honor guard took leave from Mr Botha when he left from
Eros at about 3:30 o'clock in the afternoon.

41



U.S. COMPUTER FIRM TO REMAIN DESPITE SANCTIONS

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR (FINANCE) in English 8 Sep 85 p 4

[Brticle by Jennigay Coetzex/

Fiext]

MISLEADING local and over-

seas media coverage on pro-

posed American sanctions in- “

volving the sale of computer
technology to South Africa
has caused considerable con-
fusion in the marketplace.
This week Micromethods, a
Johannesburg computer
dealer, hosted a free seminar
at Sandton Sun Convention
Centre to dispel some of, the
doubts that have arisen.
Speakers included Mr Ken-
neth Mason, executive direc-
tor of the American Chamber
of Commerce, who painted a
backdrop to the importance of
bilateral trade between South
Africa and the United States.
In addition Mr Chris Heal,
IBM’s communications ad-
viser, and Mr Marius Furst,

managing director of Hew- °

lett-Packard, restated their
companies’ intention to stay
in South Africa.

Mr Heal said incorrect re-
ports and rumours had caused
considerable embarrassment
to his company. Some people
had suggested that IBM’s
warehouse in Elandsfontein
was empty because they were
selling off stocks before get-
ting out. Others said it was

full because they were stock- -

ing up for disinvestment.

Pointing out that there was
nothing in the proposed: US
legislation whith affected lo-
cally funded companies such
as IBM, he suggested that
Japanese suppliers who were
not locally funded might not
be in.a worse position.

He then outlined the facts
about the proposed sanctions,
and said that restraint of any
legislation was in the hands of
the South African people.

Mr Furst referred to a
comment made by Hewlett
Packard’s chairman and co-
founder, Mr Dave Packard, at
a recent Press conference in
the US.

“Asked al

ment, he said Hewlett Pack-
ard would rather lose 10 per-
cent of its revenue in Nebras-
ka than to lose one percent in
South Africa if it meant yield-
ing to political blackmail,
. “Hewlett Packard will re-
double efforts in this country
by putting our money where
our mouth is, and the business
community must do the
same.”

Explaining his motive for
hosting the seminar, Micro-
methods’ managing director
Mr Dave Tennant said non-
American suppliers had been
exploiting the situation and

* businessmen were investing

82

in technology without havin;
the facts, ey 6

ut disinvest-

JPRS*SSA+854098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA



JPRS=SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

LAND ALLOCATION TO VENDA--Several farms in the Soutpansberg and Messian dis-
tricts are to be incorporated into Venda, Mr Ben Wilkens, deputy minister of
development and of land affairs, says the area of land south of the Limpopo
River extending along the nothern border of Venda will remain part of South
Africa, as well as that part of the Entabeni forestry area which juts into
Venda. But the government is, however, prepared to develop the plantations
around the area in connunction with Venda and to the benefit of both states.
The (Kutuma) and (Sentimula) areas will remain detached portions of Venda,
and about 22,000 hectares of land already purchased in the Bandelierkop-
Zoekmekaar area is to be deproclaimed. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic Service
in English 0830 GMT 13 Sep 85 MB]

RSA-TAIWAN VENTURE-A R4-million joint venture between South Africa and Taiwan,
Wang On Fibres, was officially opened at Newcastle, the industrial growth point
of Natal in region E. Mr. Pik Botha, Minister of Foreign Affairs opened the
factory after seven months of successful operation. Manufacturers of circular
woven polypropylene bags and material aimed primarily at the industrial and
agricultural markets, Wang On Fibres is directed by South African-born Chinese,
Eddie Ho, Eric Ling and Lawrence Tong. It employs some 300 KwaZulu workers
and ten technicians and instructors from Hong Kong and Taiwan. According to
Mr. Schalk Coetzee, managing director of Alkhan Industrial Consultants (AIC)

of Johannesburg, who handled the establishment of Wang On Fibres at Newcastle,
this joint venture between South Africa and Taiwan is a positive indication
that overseas countries still look upon South Africa as a sound investment
base. The Wang On factory is situated on 4.5 acres of land with office and
manufacturing space covering 4 ,000,sq miles. The plant, including the

land, buildings and equipment, represents an investment totalling R4} million.
[Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Sep 85 p 21]

COMPUTER LINK-UP--The computer age has not only compressed information storage
space but has virtually eliminated delays in long-distance communication. Sasol
has bought a communications systems which links computers at its Johannesburg
headquarters with its Sasolburg and Secunda plants. The triangular network --
a Comten processor communications system -- was supplied by Computer Sciences.
Hardware and software were made by Comten. Based in Minneapolis in the United
States, Comten specialises in the design, manufacture and implementation of
communications processors in IBM environments. Alex van Wyk, technical support
manager for Sasol, says the network consists of three front-end processors
linking mainframes at Sasolburg and Secunda with the information centre in
Johannesburg. The network supports 600 terminals. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY
TIMES (BUSINESS) in English 8 Sep 85 p 7/ ~

cso: 3400/1130

59



cso:

“The purpose of the semin-
ar was to separate the facts
from fiction to enable them to
make a better business deci-
sion. International pressure is
increasing and we cannot sur-
vive in jsolation. More busi-
nessmen should be contribut-
ing by making representa-
tions to the Government to
bring about reform.

“They should be using
every platform possible to put
the case of staying here to US
companies. Although embar-
goes on US computer technol-
ogy may have little effect on
the commercial sector, the
whole issue of disinvestment
has become too important to
be left only to the politicians.”

As an example of some of
the misinformed reports on

* disinvestment, the July edi-

tion of the authoritative
American magazine Fortune
stated that, among other
things, the House of Represen-
tatives had voted 295 to 127 to
“stop the sale of computer
technology to South Africa”.

Less dramatic but never-
theless incorrect, a local mag-
azine stated that proposed
legislation included a ban on
sales of “computer technology
to all government, military.
and police agencies”.

Another magazine quoted
the proposed Bill as encom-
passing: “No computers, soft-
ware or goods and technology
intended to service computers
may be exported directly or
indirectly to or for use by the
Government of South Africa :
or any corporation, partner-
ship or other organisation
which is owned or controlled
by the Government of SA.”

3400/1130

83

‘The article then went on to »

conclude that this would draw
parastatals into the net, which
would therefore include SATS,

Escom, Iscor, hospitals and.

education.

The facts are that proposed
US legislation will affect only
specific SA Government de-
partments and there is noth-
ing in it that will affect the
sale of computer hardware or
software to the private sector.

It was the Gray Bill which
proposed that — sanctions
should include “the SA Gov-
ernment or any corpora-

tion...” ete. But, although ,
this’ Bill was passed by the >
: House of Representatives in .
June, it is no longer under.”

consideration.

The less harsh Lugar Bill is
the one now before the Sen-
ate. It calls for a ban on the
supply of computer equip-

ment only to certain Govern-..

ment services: military, po-
lice, prisons, national security
agencies, and administering
authorities for black refer-

* ence-book systems.

‘ curement of military equip- ,

Administering authorities
for the production and pro-

ment, and any other entity of
the SA Government adminis- :

tering programmes involved ,

with discrimination against ,
blacks, coloureds or “Asians. }

are also included.

It does not include govern-
mental provision for basic
human needs such as educa-
tion, nutrition, transportation,
health, water and power ser-
vices. .

In other words, the Lugar '

Bill merely puts into law the

existing ban which has been
in existence since it was im-
posed by the Carter Adminis-
tration in 1979.


regulations in effect within each country. Both delegations also agreed to
coordinate their actions to combat banditry along their common border.

Lastly, the two delegations agreed to intensify their cooperation in all fields
by holding more periodic meetings between border administrative agencies, and by
increasing artistic, cultural, and athletic exchanges.

In his closing speech, Lieutenant Colonel Abdourahamane Maiga dwelt upon the
need to provide useful work for future generations by paving the way for
genuine cooperation between the Malian and Burkinabe administrations.

"We must," he said, "insist that our administrative officials rigorously
implement the decisions we have made here. This is essential to the fraternal
coexistence of the populations concerned.

"It is up to men of the soil like us to promote every creative initiative
designed to create a peaceful atmosphere on both sides of the border which
instead of dividing us, should, on the contrary, bring us even closer together.

"Our administrators must understand that they can no longer dawdle over border
problems to the detriment of their true constructive concerns such as drought
and desertification control measures, and our struggle to achieve self-sufficiency
as far as food is concerned. These are the things that contribute to improved

living conditions for both our peoples.

"The Malian delegation leaves this meeting confident that the bonds of friendship
and brotherhood between the Burkinabe and Malian peoples have been strengthened.

"The Malian delegation pledges to spare no effort to ensure that a spirit of
Peace, understanding, and cooperation reigns between our peoples.

"We know that we can count on you so that together we may set an example of
fraternal cooperation for Africa to emulate.

"We return home fully confident of permanent and successful collaboration
between our two nations, because a firm political will has underlaid all actions
throughout our deliberations. You may rest assured of our abiding
accessibility."

In response, the Burkinabe minister of territorial administration and

security, Nogma Ouedraogo, welcomed the presence of the Malian interior minister
at a time when the Burkinabe people were celebrating Year 2 of its revolution.
"His presence, comrade Quedraogo said, "strengthens my firm belief in the future
of our two peoples and our intergovernmental relations. Furthermore, there

can be no better sign of fraternity than that public gesture of solidarity

you have just made in regard to us in the name of the Malian people, its party,
the UDPM [Democratic Union of the Malian People], and its government, by
sharing the hopes and faith of the Burkinabe people."

It should also be noted that when in Bobo Dioulasso for this meeting,~ the
interior minister met with that city's Malian community of approximately 6,000
persons, (according to that community's committee chairman), He outlined for

28


Five-Year Plan

Within the framework of the 5-year plan, according to Guingma Salif, the seminar
held in Matourkou by those involved in agriculture and livestock raising leads
to many ambitions which, if they should be realized, would mean that in the
long run or even once and for all, our agricultural and livestock-raising
sector will experience a decline in production difficulties, extension problems
and all arable areas will be worked.

The 5-year plan drafted by livestock officials, presented under the aegis of
the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Raising, provides the following:

Each village will be divided into four areas, to wit: a living area; a growing
area; a livestock raising zone; and a forested area,

This arrangement responds specifically to the organization of the rural world,
but also to a desire for development and greater profit on the part of each
village. Salif also emphasizes that the analysis of livestock for the 5-year
plan provides 15 kilograms of meat per Burkinabe, 20 liters of milk, or 90
liters a year. However, vigorous action must be taken with respect to live-
stock feed so that the terrible plague of famine that certain Third World
countries have always experienced will be banished forever.

With respect to production, the 1986-1990 5-year plan provides for the estab-
lishment of five dairy farms with an average of 50 cows each and also poultry
farms. In addition to the three poultry centers now existing, more will be
set up.

The integration of agriculture and livestock raising through the new policy
will consist of work in the direction of reforestation.

Burkina's population growth has entailed changes in both the cities and the
rural areas. The Burkinabe population has a growth rate of 24 per 1,000,
With a birthrate of 49 per 1,000, the mortality rate is 25 per 1,000 and
finally, the infant mortality rate remains high: 189 per 1,000 (1982). Based
on the growth in the population, it goes without saying that it is accompanied
by intense shifts in the socioeconomic sphere, but also consequences promoting
the creation of an economic dualism. One os the consequences is the demographic
. migration that continues to be observed,

Actually, over 10 to 15 percent of our population leaves the country in search
of work. This involves some 500,000 persons a year. These migratory movements
may be internal: movement from one rural region to another that is richer and
that has more people (migration of the Mossi to the Samos and Lobis country),
There is also a rural exodus to the Burkinabe cities, which may be seasonal or
definitive. These movements can also be external: migration to coastal na-
tions such as the Ivory Coast, Ghana and Gabon, where they are employed in the
mines and on the plantations. This may be seasonal (3 to 6 months), tempor-
ary (1 to 5 years) or definitive, The causes of such migrations are diverse.
What could we do to reduce this migratory phenomenon?



JPRS*SSA~85~098
10 October 1985

ff one should go by the
statement made by
Professor G. O. Olusanya,
irector general of the
Nigerian Institute of
irs, vide
Dat Times July 19,1985
then a call for a reassess:
,Ment of our foreign policy
‘objectives is not only timely
but very desirable.

According to Professor

play. He then concluded by
calling on the Federal
Military Government to
Pursue a policy objective
that would guarantee the
safety of the lives and.
(Properties of Nigerians
‘within and outsides, the
country.

That such statement
could come from a man
charged with running an
institution which helps in
formulating the country’s
policy guidelines, quite
clearly indicates the
growing abuse to our

former Minister of Extemal
Affairs, Dr. tbrahim
Gambari enumerated the
four point guidelines for the
country’s foreign policy.
They include. (i)
safeguarding Nigeria's
national interest (ii) Pro-
moting the economic and
social well being of
Nigerians. (ii) Enhancing
the status of Nigeria in
Africa and (iv) Defending
the independence and.
territorial integrity of
African states. All. these

clearly posit that Africa still.

43

NIGERIA
OVERHAUL OF FOREIGN POLICY OBJECTIVES CALLED FOR
Lagos SUNDAY TIMES in English 8 Sep 85 p 6
{Text ]
INTERNATIONAL politics is 8 power phenomenon
Inhich does not have to be crude before it could be
exercised.
But ail the same, it could be real power in the sense that
others perceive your importance, your future, your
capabilities and then decide that they would rather be
your friend than your enemy.
However, it should be emphasised that national inte-
rest is a sine-qua-non of any foreign policy objectives.
Permanent interest, as opposed to permanent friend or
enemy forms the bases of the foreign objectives of any
Oey t,he world touay.
Nationa! interest could be constituted by the sum total
of the nation’s values, the continuing ends of what the
nation cuts. piece of
As Josaph Frankel says, national interest being the key pune, 01 @PBroach to remains the ceniee piaos of
concept in foreign policy, it follows therefore that intemationally. objectives. In fact . the
morality in international relations can only be relevant as In fact it is one thing to country’s clear perception
far as it enforces national interest. Morality is quickly ‘an aggfeasive of what a foreign policy
thrown overboard once it conflicts with national interest. foreign policy resolutions: should be began right from
_ Given this. perception of Olusanya, the recent but what is vital is the .the time of the
interristional relation there- blatant man-handling Of — ractical pursuit of such Murtala/Obasanjo. regimes:
fore, it seems that our’ Nigerian footballers in ‘foreign policy goals in in 1975.
present foreign policy Eihiopie and wary, Cost, Concrete terms. ,. Nigeria could
as it gone mere inception: hardly be said to have
Provocation in the field of mene it of

possessed a clear-cut
foreign policy. in the first

‘republic for example, -her
“economic

politics and
culture were systematically:
tied to the whims and
caprices of Britain.

The same however
cannot by any stretch of the
imagination be said of the
Muhammed/Obasanjo_ re-
gime in what became an
aggressive foreign policy
with Africa as the centre
piece, the reyimes suc-
cessfully manipulated
“the once festering Angolan
situations in spite of the


production; a diversification of products; organization of professionals in
the sector of livestock raising, in this case, the Peulhs, through training
and otganization of the rural world. This strategy is aimed at achieving a
better partnership of farmers and livestock breeders for joint action in the
direction of stimulating production. In a word, livestock breeders and farmers
must not be harnessed by nature, but rather, harness nature. The livestock
breeder, once considered to be a man without land, will now find areas to
cultivate. Development of traditional livestock raising necessarily depends
on the radical transformation of the latter in all areas so that it may be
able to meet our needs for animal resources, but also be profitable from the
standpoint of exports in order to bring in foreign exchange. Following the
terrible drought of 1973, Burkina undertook a national effort to channel its
efforts in three directions: rebuilding livestock herds; the grain supply; and
water.

Despite the losses caused by the drought, Burkinabe livestock raising has re-
mained in a potentially favorable situation (doubling of figures in certain
cases because of Sudanese type). Cattle are estimated to number 2.6 million
head, sheep 1.7 million, goats 2.5 million, poultry 11 million, and finally,
hogs 160,000 head.

Regarding cattle, one finds.a great majority of zebus in the north, while
taurines are found in the south. A cross of the two breeds is found in the
central region.

The ideal thing for the promotion of our livestock in the new. livestock policy
in Burkina is to make the farmer a breeder and the breeder a farmer. This
would mean a veritable partnership in transforming the existing socioeconomic
structures so as to begin a real food self-sufficiency,

Need for Forage Crops

In order to care for our. livestock better, it is essential to develop forage
crops. Such crops have a double role to play: feeding the animals and build-
ing up the soil. The accent would also be placed on constant sanitary protec-
tion of livestock by the fight against contagious diseases affecting livestock
and parasites. One must further increase and upgrade by-products (milk,
leather, hides) and increase production at a faster rate than we now have.
This will imply that we meet not only our domestic needs, but. foreign needs

as well. Among the main importers are the Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo and
France. This strategy of developing livestock production will help to improve
the income of breeders and therefore, their living conditions. The organiza-
tion involved in marketing livestock remains ONERA (National Office for the
Development of Animal Resources).

Protecting the environment and the establishment of the instruments needed to
produce crops are one way to improve animal resources.

The new livestock raising policy includes work to provide information to and
achieve awareness of the people involved in agriculture and livestock raising
so that the agricultural and livestock sector may live and prosper.



JPRS*SSA#85+098
10 October 1985

The ambassador explained: "This is why, in the middle of this pavilion, there
is a 20-year-old truck, in good condition, It was built only 1 year after
FRELIMO launched the armed struggle for national liberation, but it is 10 years
older than the nation's independence. It is a historic truck, which has con-
tributed to the building of this new Mozambique.”

The Swedish company SAAB~SCANIA is the major Swedish exhibitor at the Maputo
International Fair. Since 1979, in cooperation with the Mozambican company
SOBRAUTO, SAAB-SCANIA has trained at least 900 Mozambicans in driving techniques,
mechanics, electrical repairs and maintenance of motor vehicles,

The Swedish Agency for International Development (SIDA) has a prominent place
in the Swedish pavilion. SIDA has played an extremely important role in coopera~
tion between Sweden and Mozambique and also at the regional level.

Other Swedish exhibitors are VIAK-AB and REJLERS, engineering firms engaged

in consulting work. REJLERS, which has just formed an association with VIAK-
AB, was involved in the restoration of the runway lighting systems and power
systems for various airports in our country. It also had a part in the power
distribution project, the Messica urban development project and the installation
of emergency generators for the Ministry of Agriculture.

Another company represented at the Swedish pavilion is OVERUMS BRUK, which
currently produces a variety of sophisticated farm equipment.

This company has worked in our country since 1984, in cooperation with the
Ministry of Industry and Energy, on the industrial rehabilitation program pro-
moted by SIDA. OVERUMS BRUK, in coordination with the Swedish company SWEDIND,
is engaged in rehabilitating old industries in Mozambique which are no longer
functioning adequately.

The Swedish pavilion also includes an exhibit of ATLAS COPCO, which has been

a Major supplier of such equipment as compressors for the textile, cement, steel
and other industries, as well as heavy machinery for the mining and construc-
tion industries.

Other Swedish firms represented include DYNAPAC, ABSKF, SKANDINAVISKA ENSKILDA
NEBKEN, SWEDTEL and TRANSATLANTIC, among others.

Trade With USSR Increases
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 26 Aug 85 FACIM Supplement p 2

[Text] Trade between Mozambique and the Soviet Union reached a
volume of $163 million last year, representing a significant growth
over prior years. For the past 9 years, trade cooperation between
the two countries, which forms the basis for our bilateral rela~
tions, has shown a pattern of sustained growth and the list of
goods traded has been expanded. Thus the Soviet participation

in the 2lst edition of FACIM is seen as an important basis for
stronger cooperation with our country.

37



JPRS*SSA#85+098
10 October 1985

ETHIOPIA

DAIRY PROJECT IN PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION
Addis Abba THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 6 Sep 85 pp 1, 4
{Article by Melkam-Tesfa Beyene]

[Text] The Dairy Rehabilitation and Developments Project, under the Ministry
of Agriculture, is in the process of implementation. This was disclosed by
Comrade Abay Tedla, manager of the project, in an interview with the HERALD.

Comrade Abay said that, unlike in other parts of Africa, people in Ethiopia
add milk and milk products to their diet though in small amounts. The country
has the highest number of cattle in Africa. However an indigenous cow produces
only 350 to 450 litres of milk during its lactation period whereas a good breed
can produce 5,000-6,000 litres of milk. Besides, daily milk consumption of a
person in Ethiopia is 24.1 litres compared to 100 litres per person in the
developed world, he stated.

The manager went on to say that it was 40 years ago that modern dairy cattle
rearing started in Ethiopia by foreigners and religious institutions, The
establishment of agricultural institutions such as those in Ambo and Jimma and
later Alemaya College, as well as cross-breeding branches of Abernosa, Gobe,
Indosa and the like, accelerated modern dairy development in the country. The
branches produce and annually distribute, a number of incalf heifers for
cooperatives, it was learned.

Presently, Comrade Abay added, modern dairy cattle rearing is undertaken by

the Ministry of State Farms Development and by 130 producer's cooperative

dairy centres. ‘The latter are established under supervision of the Ministry of
Agriculture. The dairy centres are run and owned by the cooperatives themselves.
At the present moment, he continued, the Ministry is able to establish only

20 cooperative dairy centres. However, the number falls short of the demand of
the cooperatives, he noted.

He pointed out that after the Dairy Rehablitation and Development Project fully
materializes, these and other problems will presumably be partially solved.

According to Comrade Abay, the project which is the first of its kind since the

onset of the revolution, is estimated to cost over 54 million birr of which
44 million is obtained from the African Development Fund in the form of a loan

16



The women's magazine, ADDIS HIWOT, published every 3 months since 1982 has
distributed so far over 725,000 copies among members who have educationally
and ideologically benefitted from it, Comrade Asegedech noted.

Referring to the relations of the association with its counterpart associations
of socialist countries, Comrade Asegedech said that REWA representatives had
participated in over 50 international fora in an effort to expand its relations
with international organizations in line with the policy of the party and
government of Revolutionary Ethiopia.

The REWA chairperson also stated that REWA had done its level best in the
implementation of the rehabilitation programme adopted by the Political Bureau
of the CC of the WPE and has given its support to family members of campaigners
fighting in the warfronts and has made the necessary contributions to the
realization of the National Military Service (NMS).

Comrade Asegedech also reported that REWA has signed protocol agreements with
seven women's associations of socialist countries and added that REWA has

become a bureau member of the Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF),
which it has represented in various international fora.

Meanwhile, a mass gathering was held in the capital yesterday in connection with
the fifth anniversary of the founding of Revolutionary Ethiopia Women's
Association (REWA).

Present at the mass gathering conducted within the association's headquarters
were members of the Central Committee of the WPE and other invited guests.

Comrade Tsehay Alemu, deputy chairperson of the association, made a statement
outlining the association's activities during the last five years and the
revolutionary struggle it will wage in future. (ENA)

cso: 3400/1219

11



Buthelezi Criticizes Ban on Sale of Meat by Blacks

(SAPA, 19 Sep 85) .ecesecccvcccccccecereeeeeeeeeeeesenes 88
Commentary Comments on Role of Business in Reform

(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 20 Sep 85) .....+sseeeee 89
Reports, Comment on Consumer Boycott Campaign

(Various sources, various dates) ....sseeeeeeeeceeeeenee 91

Boycott Harmful to Blacks, by Toekie Oberholzer 91

Boycott Hard To Support, by Néeels Blom 92

Colored Politicians Consider Boycott, by Gerhard Burger 92
Editorials on Consumer Boycott Campaign

(Various sources, various dateS) ..seeseceeeeeeeeeeeeeee 94

Boycotts Affect Boycotters 94

Negative Effects of Boycott 95

Sasol Saves on Maintenance
(SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Sep 85) ceseecceececeeresereccsesececee 96

De Kock Admits Gold Swops
(THE CITIZEN, 12 Sep 85) wscsececcccceeeceseenssesterere 97

Chamber of Mines Satisfied With Gold Sales
(THE CITIZEN, 13 Sep 85) ..csesecceccevccccceeeccseeners 99

Crisis in Electrical Engineering Reported
(Kerry Clarke; SUNDAY TIMES, 8 Sep 85) ...+eeseseeveeeee 100

Qoboza Named New Editor of CITY PRESS
(CITY PRESS, 22 Sep 85) .eveceeseccccceenccererseeseeees 101

TANZANIA

Analysis of Mwingi's Nomination
(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 8 Sep 85) ...ceeeeeeeceeccesescseceeee 102

Briefs
Japanese, Italian Loans 104
Algerian Cooperation Protocol 104
ZIMBABWE

BBC Reports Nkomo Claim of Further ZAPU Arrests
(BBC World Service, 19 Sep 85) ssscecececeeerererererees 105

HERALD Discusses Role in Action Against MNR
(Editorial; THE HERALD, 11 Sep 85) ...-seeeseeeeeeeeeeee 107

Briefs
Party Unity Talks to Resume 109

-e-



JPRS*SSA485+098
10 October 1985

ZIMBABWE

HERALD DISCUSSES ROLE IN ACTION AGAINST MNR
MB171858 Harare THE HERALD in English 11 Sep 85 p 2
[Editorial: "MNR Mercenaries]

[Text] A proper understanding of the nature of the anti-colonial struggle
must entail a recognition of its permanency, otherwise confusion will prevail
to the detriment of popular gains.

It has been said many a time and it needs to be repeated again and again
because the stakes are high that political independence is not an end in it-
self but just a stepping stone towards economic independence.

The imperialist and colonialist forces that were forced by popular resistance
to abandon their colonial strongholds never rest or surrender completely but
keep trying to reverse the process of decolonisation.

It is up to the people themselves who are the targets and victims of these
manoeuvers aimed at turning back the clock to map out the tactics and stra-
tegies to foil. neo-colonialist designs and render irreversible the decoloni-
sation process.

The victory of the MPLA in Angola, that of FRELIMO in Mozambique and ZANU (PF)'s
in Zimbabwe in 1980, constituted a major reversal of imperialist designs
and hopes in southern Africa.

This explains the unleashing of UNITA bandits in Angola, the MNR in Mozambique
and the tribalist dissidents in Zimbabwe todestabilize these countries with a
view of overthrowing their progressive governments and to reshape the poli-
tical map of the region to the advantage of the apartheid regime and world
imperialism.

The people must know that powerful, multi-billion-dollar corporations are
recruiting mercenaries to fight with the MNR bandits to overthrow the friendly
Mozambican Government with the ultimate aim of dictating political terms to
Zimbabwe that would rob us of our sovereignty and hard-won independence.

The people must know that in fighting against the bandits in Mozambique,
Zimbabwe is not only making a sentimental gesture, towards a country which

107



[Moderator] Mr Hayden, thank you very much indeed, and by agreement, by
arrangement, made by myself, you had the first word. Mr Nel, I would invite
you to respond, and with this, to make it a final word for this evening.

[Nel] Fine, thank you very much. I do not agree with the description of the
situation in South Africa, but I would like to say this, I would like to

add this: The world, the Western world, is busy with an immoral campaign
against South Africa, without having done any research whatsoever into the
probable consequences of sanctions on blacks in South and Southern Africa.
Mr Hayden has not done that research, Canada has not done it, and America
has not done it. And if you would have done that research, you in all prob-
ability would not have embarked on this course. The last point I want to make,
Sir: It is also to my mind inexcusable that the Australian Government and
the Western world has given no indication whatsoever that they are prepared
to accept the disastrous consequences of their acts in applying sanctions
against South Africa. We think that if you want to apply sanctions against
South Africa to the detriment of so many millions of black people, you must
have, you must be man enough, to face up to the reasonable and probable
consequences of your deeds, and you are not doing that. [End video]

CsO: 3400/1210

66



JPRS#SSA#854098
10 October 1985

GHANA

LONDON-BASED MAGAZINE CRITICIZES ANTI-PNDC GROUPS
AB241956 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 CMT 24 Sep 85

[Text] A magazine, published in London, has warned that the des-
truction of the PNDC [Provisional National Defense Council] would
bring about a period of extreme reaction in which Ghana would become
the victim of a completely neo-colonialist program.

The magazine, THE DAWN, said it is important to understand that the
PNDC government took over a collapsed economy and its achievements
are more worthy because they have taken place ata time of incessant
intrigues and insurrections. It therefore called for a united

front in Ghana to break the network of intrigue that involves people
of desparate political ambitions and affiliations launched against
the PNDC.

The magazine said although the United States, Britain, West Germany,
and other capitalist countries recognize and cooperate with the
PNDC, they still secretly support and contribute to any group which
could undermine and overthrow the PNDC by propaganda and eventually
armed intervention. It said these groups are being financed because
they do not trust the long-term intentions of the PNDC which would
yield more economic and social benefits to Ghanaians and thereby
end the economic gaiins..thege countries derive from Ghana and Africa
as a whole.

THE DAWN asked how several magazines, published in London without any
advertising revenue, are financed, taking into consideration their
retail prices which fall less than the production cost.

THE DAWN [word indistinct] which armed dissidents have entered
Ghana and sought to overthrow the government. Who pays for the
training facilities and maintenance of the armed insurgents when they
are living outside Ghana? The magazine said these various dissidents
and disgruntled groups outside Ghana work in cooperation certainly
against the PNDC for the sake of convenience for they will never
represent or present a viable, honest, and reliable alternative to
tie PNDC.

cso: 3400/4
21



Brush Fires

In addition to these difficulties with feed, one must add the problem of
water, which has begun to be crucial. Actually, because of the drought, the
water levels in wells began to drop in 1981 and ponds dried up. The solution
found was to bring water from Tengrela Lake. Another enemy of the feedlot is
naturally the eternal plague of the brush fires, in addition to the straying
of the animals. According to the station director, this last factor causes
enormous damage to reserves and station mangers. The solution to the problem
is the construction of a paddock by the CDR [Committees for the Defense of
the Revolution] and the systematic capturing of all animals straying onto the
feedlot.

Another difficulty the feedlot must face is nonpayment of ONERA debts, plus
the fact that markets and are reliable or permanent. One can thus easily
conclude that the current difficulties of the station are the responsibility
of ONERA, which contributed to its establishment, not in order to solve the
problems of the masses, but in order to exploit them. Such a conception must
be eliminated under the RDP.

The Banfora feedlot experiment demonstrates that our livestock can be saved
despite years of drought that periodically strike our country, especially in
the northern portion. Such moves should be stepped up in regions offering
favorable conditions. In other words, one should support and expand the
experiment of the Banfora feedlot. To do so, we must above all rely on our
own efforts, for the GIZ (German organization) that financed the project has
put an end to its subsidies.

Work to expand the feedlot is 70-percent completed, but in order for the sta-
tion to be truly viable, an operation fund should be set up for it. Such a
fund would give the feedlot breathing room and enable it to have cattle produc-
tion richer in protein, but not just for foreign consumers!

11,464
CSO: .3419/542



of the voters' registration cards, Ambassador Harmon said in all
honesty it was news to him. He said never has the commission given
out a single card secretly to any political party. According to a
VOA news report monitored in Monrovia yesterday, the NDPL has also
denied reports that it had taken from SECOM 250,000 voters’ registra-
tion cards. The spokesman for the party was quoted by the VOA as
saying NDPL will never engage in such a malpractice. [Text]
[Monrovia Radio ELWA in English 2000 GMT 24 Sep 85]

cso: 3400/3

26



JPRS*SSA#85*098
Negative Effects of Boycott 10 October 1985

Pretoria DIE BEELD in Afrikaans 14 Aug 85 p 10
[Editorial]

[Text] Whenever people feel that they are being oppressed and possess few
rights, they are by nature inclined to use their collective power to make a
political stance. Purchasing power is one such collective means which lends
itself to a political demonstration, as the Afrikaner well knows from his own
history. It is therefore understandable that black people have also begun to
muster their own purchasing power as a way to demonstrate their political
dissatisfaction. Boycotts, however, are a two-edged sword which often affect
just the people whom they are supposed to help.

Blacks have recently been called upon to boycott white enterprises. If such
demonstrations are to succeed on a significant scale, it will mean that
thousands of Blacks working at white stores will lose their jobs. Another
result of such boycotts is also that black marketeers buy in secret from white
firms and then peddle their wares at several times the normal price to people
who are dead afraid that they will be victimized if they themselves buy from
white merchants. As a way of showing power and solidarity, a case can be made
for a political consumers’ demonstration. But as a long-term policy it can do
more harm than good.

13084
cso: 3401/284

95



IJPRS+SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI CRITICIZES BAN ON SALE OF MEAT BY BLACKS
MB190935 Johannesburg SAPA in English 0919 GMT 19 Sep 85

[Text] Pietermaritzburg, 19 Sep, SAPA--Blacks consumed 55 percent of all
meat in South Africa, but they were unable to retail meat because of regula-
tions and control measures, the chief minister of Kwazulu, Chief Mangosuthu
Buthelezi, said in Pietermartizburg today.

The chief told a workshop of the organisation of livestock producers that
deregulation and privatisation were urgently needed in South Africa.

He said blacks were repeatedly denied opportunities of entering the free mar-
ket system, although it was the only economic system which could make any
real contribution to long-term economic development in South Africa.

Eighty percent of the country's 6,000 retail butcheries were controlled by
three big conglomerates.

"As a responsible leader I respect any regulation which is there to eliminate
health hazards. However,. the regulations force blacks who ‘have access to
butcheries to buy meat and then to transport it over considerable distances
to their homes in conditions which are far more unhygenic than the small
butcheries which the regulations make impossible," he said.

Referring to the meat boards surplus, Chief Buthelezi said there was something
wrong when vitally needed protein food accumulated as a surplus: in multi-
million rand organisations, while people went hungry.

"When I look at the circumstances which are.so threatening to South Africa,
one of the most alarming factors is that government policy and practice

are insensitive to the fact that blacks are being driven to reject capital-
ism and the free enterprise system.

"The free enterprise system is a way of life and unless the people are part
of this, the system must fail."

The chief appealed to the livestock producers organisation to bring ‘small
black producers and black traders into the meat trade.

cso: 3400/1210

88



JPRS*SSA*85~098
10 October 1985

COMORO ISLANDS

BRIEFS

MUTINY TRIAL SOON-~-Between 80 and 90 people charged in connection with the
mutiny in the Comoros presidential guard last March 8 are due to appear be-
fore the State Security Court on September 9, although so far there has been
no official announcement to this effect. The trial will take place with none
of the defendants represented by lawyers. As well as the 20 or more Comorian
members of the guard who rebelled against their white mercenary officers,::
some 60 leaders of the opposition front Democratique will also be tried for
alleged involvement in plotting the revolt. Up to now the front has denied
any connection with this affair. 1.0.N.-The sentences which the court will
pronounce promise to be severe. The penal code provides for imprisonment for
life and even the death penalty if the charges are upheld. By this trial
president Ahmed Abdallah is trying to show that he is someone to be reckoned
with at the head of the state, as since the mutiny his political survival has
been constantly doubted, even among his own entourage. However, the social
standing of a large number of the defendants in the Front Democratique should
act in their favour. For since March several influential relatives of the
detainess have brought pressure on the president to show clemency. A com-
mutation of the sentences, or even pardons, cannot be ruled out; such gestures
would go down well with a traditionally peaceful population. [Text] [Paris
THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English 7 Sep 85 p 4}

GOVERNMENT DENIAL PUBLISHED--The secretary-general of the presidency of the
Comoros Federal Islamic Republic, said Ahmed Cheikh, has asked us to publish
the following denial: "The Comorian government has noted with astonishment
the report published by the Indian Ocean Newsletter of July 20, 1985 which is
aimed at resurrecting a so-called 'new version' of a French plan for resolving
the problem of Mayotte. This is nothing more than a repetition of the (1981)
Socialist party manifesto for sub-Saharan Africa, which the French president
has said formally could in no way be a government programme. The Comorian
government formally denies these so-called revelations, adding that no foreign
personage, or whatever nationality, has taken it upon himself to advise the
Comorian president to relinquish power, even with his head high. Indeed, it
was with his head high that president Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane reiterated
before his ministers on June 6, 1985, his firm resolve to continue to the end
of his mandate". [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English

24 Aug 85 p 3]

CSO: 3400/1192



JPRS+SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

EDITORIALS ON CONSUMER BOYCOTT CAMPAIGN

Boycotts Affect Boycotters
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 8 Aug 85 p 12
[Editorial]

{Text] Several new phenomena characterize the rampant wave of black unrest.
One is the boycott against white stores and other businesses. This deserves
notice because it is the most direct action against Whites.

The boycott technique was started in Port Elizabeth, where it was applied with
great success. It is now spreading to East London and Pietermaritzburg. How
attractive it is to black leaders is evident from the fact that the National
Union of Mineworkers is considering also applying it in their projected strike
areas. Characteristic of black politics in general, the boycott is enforced
by intimidation and examples are made of transgressors by revenge action.
However, this makes the boycott no less successful, particularly in Port
Elizabeth. One of the striking features of the unrest is how quickly the
leaders grasp whenever an action succeeds. It is then seized upon and spreads
through the whole area of unrest. The attacks against so-called fellow
travelers of the "system" have thus spread almost literally like a fire from
the Eastern Cape to the Witwatersrand. The same may happen with the boycott
campaign.

The difference is that the boycott action is not illegal, although action can
be taken against those who commit intimidation. But people cannot be
compelled to buy where they do not want to. Appeals to the authorities to put
an end to the boycott are thus not valid. Neither would it be compatible with
our economic philosophy to hit black merchants with a boycott by wholesalers.
The authorities can indeed act against side effects of the boycott, such as
intimidation and smuggling. But setting examples and persuading the black
community to more meaningful insights probably offers more hope to neutralize
the boycott itself,

The black consumers are direct victims of the boycotts. They must pay most
dearly in black stores or even on the black market for goods they cannot do
without. The advantage which black storekeepers derive from that is short-
lived. Because they cannot compete price-wise, they are going to lose their
temporary customers as soon as the boycott has petered out. But the black
community itself suffers even further under this sort of action. The more
effectively the boycott is enforced, the more black people lose their work
where white enterprises are affected.

94



CHAMBER OF MINES SATISFIED WITH GOLD SALES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 13 Sep 85 p 20

fiext]

cso:

IN THE third difficult *
year in succession for the ~
world gold market since
1982, the gold mining in-
dustry can be well satis-
fied with the 30 percent
increase in jewellery fab-
tication and the eight per- ..
cent increase in industrial
fabrication, says the an-
nual Review -of the
Chamber of Mines.

But it was a particularly *
depressing year for the in-
vestment sector with the +
25 percent decline in Kru-
gerrand sales.

Demand for industrial
gold promised to be even
better in 1985 than in -
1984, but until the US
dollar reverses its upward
trend and inflation again
becomes a matter for con-
cern for consumers in
Western Europe, © the. |
United States and Japan, |
gold will remain unattrac-
“tive to the. investment *
~ community.

*~ According to. the Re- *
view, although the vol-..;
ume of Krugerrands sold
decreased by 25 percent
in 1984, the total income
generated reached R1,4- ;'
billion, a decline of only
17 percent when com-
pared with R1,7-billion
achieved in the previous ”
year.

3400/1133

This phenomenon was
attributable to the weak-
‘ness of the rand against
the United States dollar
yand the correspondingly
high gold price in tands.
While most of the sec-
| tors of the economy faced |
severe economic reces-*
| sion in 1984, the level of
employment in the South
. African mining industry ,
reached an all-time high
and wages for the majori-
ty of the workforce con-
tinued to increase in real :
terms.
The 717 000 workforce
in mining and quarrying °
accounted fot:
@ 18 percent of South ©
.Africa’s gross. domestic ;
"product.

' @ Provided a lifeline esti-
| -mated at R1-billion to la- '
bour-supplying territories
» through remittances , by.

», mineworkers.
@ Ensured the economic
survival of about three-
million dependants. of

Black miners.
In the field of industrial
«, Felations, the past year
was characterised by an
, increasing movement of
{ Blacks into the more
., Skilled ‘occupations in
¥ mining, increasing unioni-
«: sation of the Black work-

99

JPRS#SSA*85=098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

{force and an increase in |

the incidence of strikes, |
the Review points out.

At the end of 1984
there was only one surviv-
ing remnant of discrimi-
natory- labour legislation
in the country, that ‘of
limiting certain certifi-
cates of competency to
“scheduled persons”
which excluded Blacks,
the Review says.

The growth in the num-
ber of trade unions for’
Black mineworkers and in.
union membership was a

| feature of 1984, but with

one union, the National
Union of Mineworkers
dominating the scene.

The growth of the
union movemerit was ac-
companied by an increase
in strike activity, but the ~
incidence of strikes fortu-
nately remained relatively
low and their duration _
fairly short.

Despite the growth in
strike activity, South
Africa still has not faced «
the scale of disruption
from industrial action ex-
perienced by other major
mining countries, the Re-
view says: tai?



black people of South Africa, and they will persist with their onward march
towards those human rights and those political rights which they are being
deprived of.

[Moderator] Mr Hayden, thank you. Mr Nel, first response.

[Nel] Mr Hayden, firstly, you started off by referring to the violence in
South Africa, and I think that is a very important starting point. The violence
in South Africa started because that ANC, which is a revolutionary movement,
decided on a strategy to destroy moderate black leadership in our country, in
an effort to make South Africa ungovernable. They started the riots, they
started the unrest, not against the South African Government as such, but they
started the unrest against the moderate black leaders, against business,

black business people, and in the process more than 200 black leaders were
murdered by these radicals, these ANC radical revolutionaries. And what we
are wondering about, Mr Hayden, and maybe you can explain it tonight: The
ANC has, as its stated claim, as its stated policy, that it wants to over-
throw the South African Government by violent means. It wants to do it by
bloodshed, by murder, by intimidation, and it wants to replace the present
system in South Africa by a system, a Marxist-socialist orientated system.
That is the stated aim of the ANC. But, on the other hand, there is an alter-
native to the black people of South Africa, and that alternative is that the
South African Government has been busy with reform for a long long time. It
is still committed to further reform, and the state president, only on

31 August of this year, made it quite clear that we reject racial discrimina~
tion. We want to establish equal opportunities for all. We want to negotiate
a system in South Africa, a constitutional dispensation, which will satisfy
the aspirations of all South African citizens. And we do not demand, we do
not prescribe, it is a question of give-and-take, the words of our state
president. But now, Mr Hayden, the question that I want to put to you. With
these two alternatives, these two poles, the Australian Government has taken
sides with the ANC, The Australian Government has given comfort to. the ANC,
whose undisputable aims are revolution against the South African Government,
who wants to reform, and who in the process of creating conditions con-
ducive to reform, must reestablish law and order in our country. Why is it,

Mr Hayden [interruption] I want to have it clear, I would like to have it clear
on this, why are you taking sides with the ANC?

[Moderator] Okay, Mr Nel, thank you. Mr Hayden?

[Hayden] Mr Nel, you are arguing the proposition that the white South African
minority is right, and the rest of the world is wrong. You pointed out the
incredible situation where practically the whole of the Western world is
applying sanctions in some form or other against your country. They are doing
it not because they wish to bring you to your knees. They want to bring

your country to its senses. They want to make you respect the fundamental
ribhts of all people, the black people, of your country. Now, you should
recall that the ANC started off as a nonviolent organization. It is the
violence of the practise of apartheid that in turn has caused this violent
response, and until you face...

62



The relevant question about reform today, therefore, not whether it corresponds
to some other blueprint. It is wehter it meets the condition for stability
and democracy laid down by the South African situation.

The first of those conditions is that the interests of the group, as opposed
to matters of general concern in which all have a right of interest, must be
safeguarded. Without entrenched commodity security, domination of groups
cannot be avoided, and community security is also a prerequisite for meeting
the second condition: that in respect of matters of common concern, all
groups must be represented in structures for joint decisionmaking. Third,
any proposed dispensation would have to be so designed that all groups would
benefit from participation. That is obviously essential for acceptance.
Finally, descrimination must be eliminated. Individual rights cannot be made
subservient to certain group interests.

These conditions--group security, joint decisionmaking, benefits from parti-
cipation, and the elimination of discrimination--provide the yardstick by
which political developments must be measured. Where South Africa is headed
with reform depends on the degree to which each new measure meets one or more
of the conditions, and in so doing, moves South Africa closer to a dispensa—
tion that may be supported by all groups.

Those who seek reassurance in blueprints are bluffing themselves. It is to
be found only in steady progress towards meeting the essential conditions
for a stable and democratic future.

csO: 3400/1210

68



At the meeting commemorating the REWA anniversary held in Makele town,
Comrade Mulugeta Hagos, member of the CC of the WPE and First Secretary of
the WPE Committee of Tigari region, gave certificates to REWA members who
had undergone training in different vocations.

The REWA anniversary in Shoa region was marked at the assembly hall of the
regional revolutionary police where Comrade Bayu Likissa, chairman of the
Control Commission of the WPE Committee of Shoa region, made a statement
outlining the achievements of the regional REWA.

Comrade Maakelech Gidey, chairperson of the REWA branch of Tigrai region,
and Comrade Tiruwork Abitew, chairperson of the REWA branch in Shoa region,

gave reports to their respective constituencies outlining past achievements
and pointing out future challenges. (ENA)

cso: 3400/1219

13



JPRS*SSA*85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

SASOL SAVES ON MAINTENANCE

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES (BUSINESS) in English 8 Sep 85 p 6

[ext] — PRODUCTION and material savings
exceeded R30-million at’ Sasol Three
after the introduction of a specialised

: productivity programme.

The decision to set up a specialist
team for major scheduled mainten- }
ance on the coal gasification and: .
steam plants was taken three years
ago. The savings have been achieved
“for an initial capital outlay of R1,3-
million and a labour budget in 1984 of
R4,3-million. 3
The achievement resulted from a \
Planned tightly controlled improve- i
» ment programme. !
The savings made a direct contrib
Tton to the profitability of Sasol Thre
and the group as a whole. The changes
i have been consolidated, and the sav-,. |
ings will continue. ° ' E
‘Among the many productivity im-
provement ideas generated were:

‘@ Giving one supervisor, with team,

“Fesponsibility for co-ordinating all “|

CSO: 3400/1130

spare parts. This was developed into a T
|, bateh system whereby all spares were |
© available one week before an overhaul ‘
i? Was due to begin. Costs were more
accurately controlled, leading to sav- |
ings in time. Fi
» @Removing the complete sub-assem-
,. biles of boilers and ‘pulverised coal i
burners to be reconditioned by the
spares team instead of carrying the
work out in situ. Considerable time
savings resulted, "

Ideas like these not only caused indi-
vidual improvements, but resulted in a
major philosophical change, which
was the driving foree that sustained
the improvements.

Scoreboards have been built to show
turnaround times for each supervisor.

The basic approach is being ex-
tended to other sections of Sasol Three
and the group, The specialised main-
tenance team continues to seek lower
unit costs without prejudicing equip-

ment reliability, integrity or safety.

iy

96



JPRS*SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

SENIOR OFFICERS--Senior officers drawn from sector commands who excelled in a
senior officers training course were awarded certificates and prizes here
yesterday. ‘The certificates and prizes to the outstanding officers were
presented by Comrade Major-General Mesfin Gebre-Kal, member of the CC of the
WPE and Deputy Commander of the Ground Forces. Comrade Maj-Gen Mesfin recalled
the sacrificial dedication of the Armed Forces in the defence of the nation's
unity and territorial integrity and of the gains of the revolution and noted
the significance of the course. Comrade Col Sileshi Temtime, head of the
Senior Officers Training School, pointed out that programmes aimed at producing
officers capable of providing leadership in accordance with party policy and
programmes should be continued. Among these present on the occasion were
Comrade Maj-Gen. Abera Abebe, member of the CC of the WPE and Deputy Commander
of the First Revolutionary Army, Comrade Col. Worku Cherinet, alternate member
of the CC of the WPE and head of the Political Affairs Department of the First
Revolutionary Army. (ENA) [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English
15 Sep 85 pp 1, 5]

SINANA WORK CAMPAIGN--Goba (ENA)--Members of peasants' and youth associations
in Sinana District of Mendeyo Province, Bale Region, have harvested wheat
over 959 hectares of land through a work campaign launched on a state farm.
The 3,939 peasant and youth work force collected a total of 11,517 quintals
of wheat from the Sinana state farm, according to Comrade Kedir Ture,
Administrator of Sinana district. [Text] [Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD
in English 11 Sep 85 p 8]

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY--State farms play a significant role in meeting
the basic food needs of the people and in strengthening the overall economic
progress of the country and it is with this realization that the party and the
Revolutionary Government are giving particular attention to strengthen this
sector of the economy. The Wollega Agricultural Development Agency, run under
the Northwest Agricultural Development Corporation is, one of the state farms,
registering encouraging results. The agency is presently developing 37,518
hectares of land at eight agricultural sites. The agricultural agency, which
was established in 1967 E.C. had not more than 1,000 labourers and a few
experts, today mobilises close to 10,000 permanent employees and around

15,000 seasonal workers. It also organizes training to individuals from among
the seasonal workers to upgrade their skills, according to the general manager
of the agency. The 2,334,688 initial capital of the Wollega agricultural agency

18



Plateau Governor on Citizen Well Being

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 7 Sep 85 p 10

{Article by Andrew Orolua]

[Text]

THE Plateau State Governor
Lt-Col Mohammed Alli has said
that the over-riding concern of
the state government was to en-
hance the general economic
well-being of its citizens through
prudent management of
available resources.

He said in a maiden broadcast
to the people of the state on
Wednesday that in this connec-
tion, the new administration
would give priority attention to
agricultural production and
marketing of produce.

He said government would
hasten industrialisation and com-
merce, educational progress, the
provision of health services,
upliftment of sports and the
restoration of hope, unity, mutual
understanding, respect and co-
operation.

He said he was aware of the

enomity of problems in Plateau
State and the plight of the people
which were brought about by
gross mismanagement o
resources in the period spanning
from October 1979 through
December 1983. A sad situation
which he said, was exacerbated
by the inability of the ple to
come together and developed the
state.

Colonel Alli said although the
task ahead was no doubt daun-
ting, it is surmountable. It re
quires that ple of the state

jould give their proven dedica-
tion, loyalty, support and
understanding.

He urged the people to reckon
with the government that the era
of sacrifice was not yet over, “un-
til the economy is put on its pro-
per footing, we must continue our
contribution and sacrifices with
deeper and unalloyed com-
mitment”, he added.

JPRS*SSA=85=098
10 October 1985

He called on people of the state
to continue to initiate self-help
projects to supplement govern-
ment efforts, and appealed to
traditional rulers, farmers,
members of the business com-
munity, civil servants, press and
the opinion leaders of the various
communities to :ace the
challenges, give support to the
governments. .

The governor said the ad-
ministration would treat pro-
blems of social ills'with vigour
and instil accountability, respon-
siveness and respect in the body

Politic and conduct of affairs.

_He reiterate the administra-
tion’s earlier pronouncement to
mun an open-door policy and
tolerate genuine and constructive
qiticism and suggestions but
warned that critics must support
their criticism with alternative
proposals, especially on area of
revenue generation.

Niger Governor Calls for Harder Work

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 5 Sep 85 p 16

[Text]

CIVIL servants in Niger
State who are not prepared
to put extra vigour into their
working attitude have been
asked to resign. .

State Governor, Lt.-Colonel
David Mark, told newsmen on
his return. from Lagos, on
Tuesday that “‘this time
around we are going to work
at a faster pace.””

Colonel Mark said the govern-
ment would not condone in-
dolence, idleness and laziness
from any civil servant, adding
that ‘we must all work as a team.
for the progress of the state.””

The governor dissolved the
state executive council and asked
permanent secretaries to take
charge of ministries in the mean-

time.

He said appointment of new
commissioners would be made in
due course. . oe

Colonel Mark said he had no
regrets for any of the policies for-
mulated in the last 20 months
because they were in the best in-
terest of the state.

The governor said the War
Against Indiscipline would be in-
tensified in the state, pointing out
that the demolition of illegal
structures would continue.

He added ‘we are not carrying
out our own environmental
sanitation campaign for any
monetary reward.”

He said the environmental
sanitation campaign was launch-
ed in the state before it was laun-
ched at the national level.

Governor of Benue State, Group
Captain David Jang, has sacked

AT



JPRS#SSA*85=098
Boycott Hard to Support 10 October 1985

Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 14 Aug 85 p 2
{article by Neels Blom]

[Text] Johannesburg -- It will be very difficult for black consumers to
support the boycott against white business enterprises. Supermarkets and
shops in black residential areas are inadequate and too expensive.

DIE VADERLAND interviewed black consumers in downtown Johannesburg,
traditional shopping place for black people, about the threatening boycott. A
working mother with two daughters said it is quite impossible for her to buy
her groceries in Soweto. "I work all day and do not arrive home until after
the stores have closed. I do not have any choice but to do my shopping
downtown on my lunch hour."

In residential areas such as Sebokeng all the stores have been burned down
since last year's riot. Because of this, the organizers are being hampered
in enforcing the boycott. A spokesman for the West Rand Development Board
says that Soweto, which has two supermarkets, does not really have sufficient
commercial facilities for its inhabitants. Spokesmen for chain stores
expressed their concern over the intensification of the campaign which started
in the Eastern Cape. Numbers of smaller merchants and the chain groups have
already begun to suffer big losses. One chain group said there is nothing
they can do. "If we are affected, we are going to lose customers among Whites
and Blacks," it said.

In the Transvaal the boycott campaign already started last Friday in Pretoria
and by yesterday merchants reported that there has been a noticeable decrease
in business. A stay-away campaign started along with the boycott, but it has
not yet assumed serious proportions. Business is still running normally at
shopping centers in the environs of the riot-ravished Eastern Rand, but
business people say the Eastern Cape experience has taught that it can take
weeks before the boycott gets going.

Colored Politicians Consider Boycott
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 14 Aug 85 p 3
{Article by Gerhard Burger]

{Text] Cape Town -- Colored politicians have also now started to consider
boycott plans against white businessmen after they and their people have often
been offended recently.

The possibility that Coloreds in the Peninsula will avoid stores in Goodwood
is arising after the village's town council refused to make its town hall
available for the opening of the Labour Party's congress. At De Doorns the
Coloreds have already been asked to boycott a shop where a member of
parliament, Mr Willie Meyer, was recently "sent around" from the white part to
the part where Coloreds are served. Colored politicians are just as bitter

92



JPRS“SSA4854098
10 October 1985

MALI

PARTY SCHOOL GRADUATES FIRST CLASS
Bamako L'ESSOR in French 31 Jul 85 p 6

[Article by Brehima Camara: "First Party School Graduation: 60 Pioneers
Will Provide Better Training. for Party Members"]

[Text] The first leadership training class of the National Party School
[ENP] ended with a graduation ceremony for about 60 students at the
People's House last Saturday. The students had taken a 5-week series of
classes. The ceremony was led by Gen. Amaldou Baba Diarra, assistant
general secretary of the UDPM [Democratic Union of the Malian People].
With him were Messrs Djibril Diallo, the political secretary, and Sidiki
Diarra, president of the National Assembly and ENP general director.

Mr . Diarra gave a welcoming address in which he noted that the dates

27 March, 24 June and 3 August 1985 are red-letter days in the ENP's Golden
Book, because they mark important steps in the life of the School and the
political development of the UDPM.

Last Wednesday 27 March, the ENP was dedicated and on 24 June it opened
its doors to the first class of students, who had been chosen for their
seriousness, devotion, and total commitment. They were chosen from the

52 sections of the Party, the Democratic Organizations (UNFM [expansion
unknown], UNJM [Malian Youth Union], UNIM [National Union of Mali Workers],
and the army.

The general director of the ENP then congratulated the students on their
assiduous studies and accomplishments, which did honor to those who had
nominated them. He likewise congratulated the faculty, who, despite often
difficult working conditions, honorably performed the duties assigned them
by the Party.

Mr Sidiki Diarra continued by saying that the ENP now makes available to
the Party 60 cadres fully indoctrinated with the social, economic and
political facts concerning the country. They are 60 pioneers endowed with
practical and theoretical knowledge and have a mission to spread this
knowledge to their respective sections and nominating organizations so
that they may better train the ordinary party members. However, Mr Diarra
admitted, the task awaiting the newly-trained cadres is a large one that
will require more effort and sacrifice.

30



IJPRS*SSA“85+098
10 October 1985

ETHIOPIA

GAMBELLA PROVINCE REHABILITATION CAMPAIGN DESCRIBED
Addis Ababa THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD in English 5 Sep 85 p 3

[Text] Teachers, students and workers in institutions of higher education have
contributed significantly to development in Gambella Province and to the re-
habilitation of drought victims, according to reports reaching here from the
province with the return of the campaigners from the rehabilitation sites.

It was noted that the campaigners had undertaken numerous projects within the
short span of time they were deployed at the rehabilitation centres. The
campaigners built a large number of villages and constructed thousands of
dwelling units.

Essential facilities like schools, clinics, assembly halls and model houses
were set up for the drought victims through the active participation of the
campaigners. The projects accomplished by the campaigners, it was noted,
would help further strengthen the socialist construction endeavours at
rehabilitation sites.

Representatives of the campaigners said that they had gathered valuable
experiences during the campaign. They noted, moreover, that their deployment
in Gambella Province where the soil is fertile and where there are abundant
wildlife and other natural resources had created interest in them to undertake
research activities.

The programme charted by the WPE and the Revolutionary Government in the
rehabilitation sites has spurred its campaigners to brace themselves up for
practical achievements, according to some of the campaigners interviewed by
journalists. The campaigners noted that Gambella Province is highly endowed
with agricultural potentialities, so that given a continued and sustained
effort on the basis of what has been done by the campaigners and WPE cadres,
surplus agricultural produce would be realised in due course.

WPE cadres, who had been mobilised to the rehabilitation areas earlier than
the campaigners, had paved the way for the success of the campaign. They
had organised the compatriots being resettled at the rehabilitation sites
under peasants' associations, REYA, REWA and other mass organizations. It
was noted that they had helped lay the foundation for a socialist mode of
production and for joint cooperative endeavours.

14



JPRS+SSA¥854098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

ISLAMIC MEMBER ON CONVENTION ALLIANCE--Johannesburg, 22 Sep, SAPA--Mr Ibrahim
Bawa of the Islamic Council has agreed to be coopted to the steering commit-
tee of the Progressive Federal Party's [PFP] Convention Alliance, it was
announced today. Mr Jules Broude, convenor of the alliance's steering commit-
tee, said after the meeting in Sandton yesterday he was pleased to announce
that Mr Bawa had agreed to the cooption. Mr Broude said this would broaden
the base of the committee and strengthen its input, the PFP's Mr Peter Soal

‘ said today. [Text] [Johannesburg SAPA in English 1604 GMT 22 Sep 85 MB]

REPUBLIC PARTY SUPPORTS ANGOLAN RAID~-The New Republic Party [NRP] has re-
acted to the security force's action by saying that it has always supported
preemptive strikes and hot-pursuit operations across the border to counter
hit-and-run terrorism. The party's spokesman on defense, Mr Vause Raw, said
in Durban that the small number of troops involved gave substance to the of-
ficial assurance that the raid was only concerned with SWAPO. Mr Raw said
the NRP would strongly oppose any operational involvement by South African
forces in the internal conflict in Angola. [Text] [Johannesburg Domestic
Service in English 0500 GMT 20 Sep 85 MB]

BUTHELEZI 'LOSING SUPPORT’ DISPUTED--Durban, 20 Sep, SAPA--The South African
Black Alliance under the leadership of the Kwazulu leader, Chief Mangosuthu
Buthelezi, tonight rejected "with contempt" the survey by Natal University
sociologist, Prof Fatima Meer, which showed that Chief Buthelezi and his
Inkatha were losing support among blacks. Inkatha is also the alliance's
most senior member and Chief Buthelezi was re-elected president for another
term of office. A resolution passed unanimously at the alliance's meeting

in Durban today said Inkatha had played an "honorable" role in restoring
peace and stability in the greater Durban area during the recent townships
unrest and that "lackeys" of the UDF [United Democratic Front], ANC, and Prof
meer were making "lame" attempts to discredit the movement. The resolution
said Prof Meer was waging a "political vendetta" against Inkatha and its lead-
ership at a time when academics and universities should be playing impartial
roles “in scientific research and the pursuit of truth." The credibility of
scientific surveys had thus been brought into doubt, it said. [Text]
[Johannesburg SAPA in English 1851 GMT 20 Sep 85 MB]

58 ’



JPRS“SSA*85=098
10 October 1985

BURKINA

LIVESTOCK RAISING EXPERIMENT, PROBLEMS EXAMINED

New Livestock:Policy Under RPD
Ouagadougou CARREFOUR AFRICAIN in French 23 Aug 85 pp 33-37

{Excerpts] Burkina has thousands of head of cattle, goats, hogs
and other animals. Some regions have so much poultry they do not
know what to do with it. "Not so!" some systematically reply in
neighboring countries, totally unacquainted with the facts, be-
cause they are convinced that in the Sahel, nothing.is possible.
If they only knew that the cattle, the fresh meat they receive,
came from our country's deepest desert region!

In other words, by restoring the Sahel's once green mantle, live-
stock breeding will make a qualitative leap here and we will en-
joy as much as we want of good-quality meat, while exporting to
our neighbors. That is the hope of the Burkinabe people, a desire
long stifled by past regimes, which succeeded in conveying to the
masses the fatalistic concept that "one can do nothing about the
drought. That is the way it is and nothing can be done about it."

Such a belief has no place under the RDP [People's Democratic
Revolution]. Under the revolution, the CNR [National Revolu-
tionary Council] believes firmly that the masses, mobilized and
brought into the development policy, can roll back the desert,
restore it to life and spread livestock raising in Burkina.

That is the concern motivating livestock officials, who are con-
sidering the implementation of a new livestock policy under the
RDP. CA [expansion unknown], who has followed these reflections,
tells you of them in his columns and on this opportunity, we are
describing the experiment of the Banfora feedlot, an intensive
cattle raising center, proof that we can definitely face up to
the effects of the drought in Burkina.

Like other developing countries, Burkina Faso, whose economy is essentially
based on agriculture, also has livestock potential. Like agriculture, live-
stock raising fits in perfectly with the policy of food self-sufficiency
preached by the National Revolutionary Council. That is why the lecture



action. Political programs that affect matters like industrial relations,
the educational quality of the work force and, in general, the efficient
functioning of the economy, may not only harm the businessman but, through
their effects, also have a profound impact in the political arena.

There is a further, more active dimension. Nowhere do people in South Africa's
different communities come into such close and regular contact as at the work-
place. It is the one place where all diverse cultures and values, hopes, and
fears meet daily, where tensions are created and have to be defused, and
clashing demands reconciled. It is also the place where influential members
of the white establishment--people with access to the policy makers--are
continually exposed to the political problems that affect the productivity

and attitudes of black workers.

This environment gives business insights into the problems as well as exper-
tise in resolving conflict that are invaluable in political decisionmaking.
Business can and should be a positive force. for reform in South Africa, At
times like these, a relationship of intensive dialogue between it and govern-
ment is essential.

CsO: 3400/1210

90 To,



replica of "Sputnik," the first artificial earth satellite. The next section
displayed educational games and machines for instructional drills, similar
to those already existing in several of our professional training schools.

The Soviet exhibit is rounded out with a display of the potential of the
Turkmen SSR. In addition to this covered part of the pavilion, the USSR also
has an outdoor area where machinery and vehicles are on display and where,
starting today, the "Gumez" [sic] group will be performing live in solidarity
concerts.

Minister Joaquim Chissano went next to the exhibit of the Portuguese company
“Textil Manuel Goncalves," which is taking part in FACIM for the 10th consecu-
tive year.

The next visit was to the Swedish pavilion, featuring a "Scania" truck which

has been in use in our country for almost 20 years, with virtually no breakdowns.
The visitors were told about the work which each company represented there

is conducting in the People’s Republic of Mozambique.

At the exit, the minister was greeted by the director of the Zimbabwe pavilion,
who pointed out the articles exhibited in the outdoor area where this neighboring
country has its display. There are farm vehicles, an automobile and a jeep,

all built totally or partially in Zimbabwe.

As it has already become tradition, the Portuguese pavilion occupies the largest
covered area of the fair. Several companies are represented there, producers
of a wide variety of goods and services. As explained to Minister Chissano,
some of these businessmen already have partners in Mozambique and the first
results of this cooperation are beginning to appear.

A new exhibitor at the fair is the Japanese company SITOH, which is presenting»
ISUZU commercial vehicles and which plans to reactivate the existing assembly .
plant in Mozambique, owned by "FAMOL."

At the q@trance to Great Britain's pavilion are Ford and Massey-Fergusson
tractors; precisely these brands of tractor are currently in use in Mozambique.
Inside the pavilion, photographs depict a series of activities in which England
is engaged in our country.

Next -came the visit to the Tanzania pavilion. From year to year, Tanzania has
not only been improving the quality of the products exhibited here but has
also learned what type of products may be of most interest to our country,
making it possible to strengthen our trade relations.

It was alxeady past noon when Minister Chissano paid a visit to the Foreign
Trade Pavilion. He proceeded from there to the GDR pavilion, where the concrete
results of a fruitful cooperation could also be seen.

The visitors' attention was particularly attracted to the "Xirico" radio, assem-

bled in March of this year at the Mozambican factory, signalling the production
of a half-million of these excellent transistor radios in our country.

35



[®ext] se reason for his over-

seas visit was not to bor-
row money but to explain
to bankers the reasons for
the temporary closing of
South Africa’s foreign
and stock exchanges and
stalled repayments until
the end of the year, the
Governor of the Reserve
Bank Dr Gerhard de
Kock said. At the same
time he entered into gold
swops which he would do
again if necessary. __. .

Dr De Kock who was
the guest speaker at the
Finance Writers’ Club

DE KOCK ADMITS GOLD SWOPS

. yesterday, said that while

‘overseas he met with rep-
resentatives of the IMF
and banks in a number of
countries to explain face-
to-face why South Africa
had to introduce these
harsh measures which it

had never done in its his-:

tory.

“This was the correct ;

way to do it for we cannot
deny that we have serious
problems. Wée would not
close the Johannesburg
Stock Exchange just for
kicks. So it was not a
fund-raising mission.”

Dr De Kock said that
the standstill was about
orderly repayment of

4

debt and that the country *

would meet all its obliga-
tions.

97

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 12 Sep 85 p 2h

‘The fact that the stand-.

still came about as a result
of some US banks refus-
ing to roll over maturing
‘eredits for —_political
reasons, was well under-
stood by overseas bank-
ers.

“They described it as a
weird situation that a
_ country like South Africa
with a current account
surplus of 2-billion dollars

and an unblemished re- °
cord had to declare a”

‘standstill.

Referring to the latest
South African debt fig-
ures, D& De Kock said
that these could be in the
order of 24-billion dollars
including the amount

* owed by the private sec- _

tor.

“Of this about 12-bil- °

ion is owed by the Gov-
ernment and its organisa-
tions, about 8,5-billion by
banks and some 4,7-bil-
lion by the private sector.

“In the short term
about 14-billion dollars
was due to be repaid in
the next 12 months, in-
cluding long-term expir-
ing debts.”

Dr De Kock said that
he was told by overseas

bankers that the South

African standstill would

y be the easiest to arrange
+ economically, although it

was politically difficult.

JPRS+SSA+85+098
10 October 1985

SOUTH AFRICA


Anatoliy Kuznetsov, director of the pavilion of the Soviet Union at the 21st
Maputo International Fair, reported that this year the Soviet exhibit will
include sections devoted exclusively to the 10th anniversary of the proclama-
tion of our national independence and, simul teneously, the establishment of
diplomatic relatiais between Mozambique and the Soviet Union.

There will be displays on various aspects of political, economic, technical-
scientific and cultural relations between the two countries » with particular
emphasis on bilateral cooperation in the fishing sector.

Much of the pavilion will be devoted to the Turkmen SSR, one of the 15 Soviet
republics. The exhibit will occupy a covered area of 500 square meters and
another 400 square meters in the open air.

industry, particularly the manufacture of automobiles and tractors, metalworking
and light industry. As he said, the visiting public will be able to view VAZ
and UAZ automobiles, several models of power lathes, rectifiers and other types
of mechinical equipment. :

"In the section devoted to light industry, we should mention household appliances,
watches, silk fabrics and articles, shoes and recreational materials, Light
industry is particularly prominent in the Turkmen SSR exhibit, which occupies

200 square meters of the pavilion," the director said.

It is noteworthy that this year, for the first time, the Soviet Union has brought
displays illustrating research projects and the role they play in the national
economy. Visitors will have an opportunity to view a model of the first arti-~
ficial earth satellite, launched by the Soviet Union in October 1957, and a model
of a weather satellite which increases the accuracy of weather predicting and
sounds the alarm in the event of forest fires. There is also a model of the

ECRAN communications satellite and other interesting displays.

The independent sections will be devoted to Soviet foreign trading companies ’
such as “Aviaexport,"" “Raznoexport" and “Mejdunarodnianiga."

Stronger Trade Cooperation

Trade relations between Mozambique and the Soviet Union have been experiencing
constant growth, owing to the principles of equality and mutual advantage.

The commercial agreement between the two countries was signed in 1976 and formed
the juridical basis for the development of the bilateral trade.

Yuriy Filerov, commercial representative of the Soviet Embassy in Maputo, reported
that his country is supplying Mozambique with considerable quantities of petroleum
derivatives and frozen fish. At this time, he said, the refrigerator ship
"Simferopol" is being unloaded in the port of Maputo. The ship is carrying

2,100 tons of frozen fish.

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