MAURITIUS

NEW DIRECTOR OF MGI INTERVIEWED
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 23 Sep 82 p 5

[Interview with Uttama Bissoondoyal, new director of the Mahatma Gandhi
Institute, by Judex Acking]

[Text] Uttama Bissoondoyal is the new director of the Mahatma Gandhi
Institute [MGI] and here is an interview with him. Listening to the man
and reading what he says one can form a clear idea of what that institute
was until’now and what he plans to do with it. He promises to introduce
innovations within the next 12 months and he can do it providing he is given
the necessary means... One must hope that this will be for the good of the
entire Mauritian community eager for a culture based on sharing and opening
up to universal knowledge ("I do not believe in cultural self-reliance"), he
tells us.

[Question] You have accepted an appointment which is of a political nature and,
therefore, insecure. Aren't you taking a risk?

[Answer] In a sense it is a risk, but is is also'a challenge. Worrying

over job security is something normal for working people in our days. I
made this decision because I think that in this job, in contrast with my’ purely
educational duties in the MIE. [Mauritius Institute of Education], I will be
able'to participate more actively in the cultural life of the country. Is my
appointment a political one? Certainly, insofar’as I was selected. But I
would like-to think that the government chose me not because I support this
or that’ political lime, but by using independence as their only criterion.

I am satisfied that such was the case as far as both the government and I

are concerned. And this independence is what I would like to be able to”
exercise to the full.

[Question] What has the institute achieved so far?
[Answer] I will say that its achievements are many and varied and that
they have had a definite impact on the cultural life in various spheres

such as dance, music, languages, education, research... Unfortunately, in
recent years, the MGI has been too closely identified with a regime the fate

15



PORTUGUESE HOUSING COOPERATION--The building of 500 housing units in
Mozambique by Portuguese technicians was the center of motivation in
Mozambican development, said the Mozambican minister of public works and
housingiin~Lisbon yesterday:whennhe was beginning ‘working-meetings with

his Portuguese counterpart, it was reported by ANOP [Portuguese News Agency].
Julio Carrilho, who has been in Portugal since Tuesday heading a delegation
of his ministry, said that one of the points of the talks he will hold with
Portuguese Minister Viana Baptista will include the program for the con-
struction of such housing units, a program which, according to him, is worth
more as an incentive to the construction sector in Mozambique than because
of its social aspect. The Mozambican minister will also discuss with the
Portuguese minister of public works matters concerning cooperation with the
National Civil Engineering Laboratory and the granting of scholarships to
Mozambican technicians to study in Portugal. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in
Portuguese 21 Oct 82 p 8] 11634

CsO: 3442/31

36



joint research projects. Fernando Ganhao, rector of Eduardo Mondlane Univer-
sity, spoke during the signing ceremony concerning the role of the universi-
‘ties’ in bringing the Portuguese and Mozambican peoples closer together.
Arantes e Oliveira, rector of the Lisbon Technical. University and head of the
visiting delegation, emphasized for his part that it.is through the universi-
ties that the exchange of technology can take place usefully. ©.On the same
occasion, Arantes e Oliveira also announced the setting up of a structure for
planning and coordinating the Lisbon Technical University's tasks in its coop-
eration with the UEM.. [Excerpt] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 3. Nov 82.p°8]
11798 .

POLITICAL, NOT TECHNOCRATIC SOLUTIONS--"We must combat the mentality of those
officials who place more confidence in technology than.in political solutions,"
said Armando Guebuza, member of the Politburo and.first party secretary, as he
spoke in Sofala Province at.the opening of a seminar on. study.of the theses
that is.being held at the Central.CFM [Mozambique Railroad] enterprise in
Beira. Lt Gen Armando Guebuza sharply criticized the attitude of. officials

in enterprises who malign the leading role of the party and encourage’ the per-
secution of party members. -He.said: "By rejecting dialogue with the working
masses, those individuals are playing into the hands of the enemy; they are
the extension of the armed gangs." The minister-resident for Sofala Province
also said that study of the theses should point .the way to the solution of .
specific problems so as. to overcome the difficulties within a short time. He
praised the role of the railway workers in the country's economy. and the way
“in which they stay firmly at their posts even.though they are one of the
enemy's targets." He said: "In our history, the railway workers represent the
first boosters of the intransigent fight against colonialism." [Text] [Maputo
NOTICIAS in Portuguese 4 Nov 82 p 8] 11798

NRM ATTACKS BRIDGE, RAIL LINE--Chimoio--A spokesman for the Mozambique
National Resistance headquarters has informed our station that resistance
forces have carried out the following operations: 1. On 12 November

1982 Mozambique National Resistance guerrillas sabotaged a bridge over

the (Mussikabo) River in the (Maparanhanga) area, Nhamatanda District,
Sofala Province. The bridge was rendered unserviceable. 2. On 13
November 1982 the glorious Mozambique National Resistance forces went

into action against FPLM troops in the (Nhamanguena) area, Chimoio District,
Manica Province. Three FPLM soldiers were killed, and our forces captured
10 AK-47 rifles and a 60-mm mortar. 3. On 18 November 1982 Mozambique
National Resistance forces sabotaged the Beira-Machipanda railway line in
the Cafumpe area. [Text] [MB020830 (Clandestine) Voice of Free Africa

in Portuguese to Mozambique 1700 GMT 1 Dec 82]

NRM AMBUSH, ATTACK REPORTED--Chimoio--On 12 November 1982 Mozambique
National Resistance [RNM] forces laid an ambush on national road No. 1

in an area known as (Mature) in Manjacaze District, Inhambane Province,
resulting in the destruction of two buses and a Mercedes-Benz truck which
were traveling on the road between Inhambane and Xai-Xai. This information
is contained in a communique issued by the RNM department of defense. The
same communique says that on 23 November a unit of the popular forces for
the liberation of Mozambique [FPLM] patrolling the Massingir area was
repelled by the glorious RNM forces. Two FPLM soldiers were killed, and
our forces captured two AK-47 rifles. [Text] [MB031000 (Clandestine)
Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique 1700 GMT 2 Dec 82]

32



the we
difficult and
fil ‘Austerity, Kea:
And

- as its manufa
- who are definitely richer ©
than we are? Can we be-
come rich. “by wasting -
the little we have? If we
want to becemeTMa rich ©
~ nation, does it not make
sense that we learn
accumulation and use |
of wealth from- nations

- that are already rich? 5

oo The preservation
policy. should be re:
jired immediately of all.

jovernments «of the |
Federation, all compe.
shies in which the 4
vernments of Nigeria’
(Federal and State) have
shares, and all publicly- ;
held companies. - Why ;
-not? It can only make ;
"Nigeria richer. = 34
ae a. policy would
save, in this writer's esti;
maté, ‘up to 2 billion!
“naira annually, easing »
“the foreign © currency |
crunch as.we now know ©
wit. It is like receiving a.
“grant. of 2 billion naira
-that will never be repaid,
seach and every year. So |
-what are we waiting for? ;
“> Can¥we afford to wait j
‘even one day longer be:

:ones like -Peugeots,
:. Volkswagens, Mercedes
: Benz: trucks, Fiat {
y trucks, ete. are sul i
‘ Nigesian coni {

4a Carlife=6 ‘and’ iti

vided by a company }
bal ting iller

called Ri

Company Limited of 32, :
Western Avenue, be -
italia
us in
Suralere,- Lagos; BO.
Box 51254,- Falomo, :

Ikoyi, Lagos. The instal-
z:lations are being done in
several i

-worksh in!
ith other work-'

~ ofup to 7 years for some !

« dition, of 3 to 5 years be- ,

- information:
Many established

benefit ing) way to show |
our love for Nigeria, a
country which we all, no
doubt, love? !
We have’ seen the ex-

same preservation policy
can and should be adopt-
ed for, buildings, roads,

_ preservation “ ‘policy:
fits all around, profiting
+ all whom it touches. Is
there a better (yet self-:



Sonasut,; has established a factory and cane sugar plantations; it permanently
employs 1,500 people (3,000 at the ‘height of the season). Kamougue came from
this place, like the late Tombalbaye, whose "palace"=-an unpractical and
dilapidated building--is occupied by the new prefect, who happens to be the
former Security chief of the first president of Chad. One eats around a
puffet there. The silver comes from Christofle's, the furniture is fake Louis
XVI or fake Empire. Hundreds of frogs have their siesta in the swimming pool.

In Sarh, like “in Moundou, mixed brigades have been established to maintain
order--to prevent ‘southerners from settling their disputes themselves, and to
control the conduct of the "combattants." In Sarh, the FAN chief of staff is
--even said to have called his men together one day and threatened them with
summary execution if they committed a felony. Since then, life has come back
to normal slowly but fairly surely. Agricultural concerns will be able to
resume production in the south. According to the first estimates, cotton
production will increase from 70,000 tons in 1982 to 80,000 next year. Sonasut
also intends to produce.22,000 tons of sugar in 1983, enough to almost cover
domestic consumer demand, as opposed to 18,000 tons this year.
The restoration of confidence is still at the mercy of some incident--which
rumor would quickly enlarge and distort--but it can also be accelerated by
certain measures. For example, once security conditions permit, housing the
FAN and FAT in.barracks ‘outside the cities. Then, resuming education; the
‘paccalaureat examinations have already taken place. Finally, paying officials
their salaries. "If Hissein pays the civil service," they say in Moundou,
"he will have won definitively." Then the Logone "cotton republic" would
just be the memory of a mirage.

9855
cso: 3419/123



ZAIRE

BRIEFS

ISRAELI PRIVATE INVESTMENT INTEREST--Kinshasa, 1 Dec (AZAP)--The Israeli
private economic sector, which was widely represented in the Kinshasa talks
between Israel and Zaire, is interested in investing in agroindustries,
pbuilding construction, road construction and agricultural extension
activities in Zaire. This is what was said by Mr Avior, chief engineer

at the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade, who led the economic

section of his country's delegation to the Kinshasa talks. The discussion
that the Israeli businessmen held with their Zairian counterparts offer
prospects for mutually advantageous cooperation, he said, before adding
that this desire to cooperate was faced with the problem of financing

in which World Bank assistance is important. Mr Avior indicated that all
the firms which were represented at the Kinshasa talks are very active

in Africa, especially in Ivory Coast and Nigeria. In associating repre-
sentatives of the private economic sector in these discussions, he observed,
the Ministry of Industry and Trade wished to make this sector interested
in investing in Zaire in cooperation with the corresponding Zairian
entities. [Text] [AB021455 Kinshasa AZAP in French 1407 GMT 2 Dec 82]

sO: 3419/247

49



cso:

‘Most important‘ of ,all,
the lack of foreign ex-
change and the accom-
panying shortages of con-
sumer have reduced
the farmers’ incentive for
producing for the cash

. market,” the report says.

26,3 percent less respec-.
in than in

vand one, re
throu; expansion .
agricult

Between 1977 and 1980

import costs increased by

percent while jor"
prices remained ‘more, or
Tess stable.

For individual exports
some Geclines ‘were
dramatic: main
export croper coffee and
cotton,’ earned 33,9 and

tively 1980
1977. Sisal earnings. went
up by 123 percent but
cashew-nut exports were
worth 22 percent less.

The ion outlined =
polley package to main.

Tanzania's

achlevements in the social
sphere

ural production
necessary patnful adjust
“necessary ist
ments” to the crisis are
made. ~

~ But: the mission ‘stressed ©

two “major conditions for
success: ‘*The-— inter-

national community must -

be to help.

“and the appropriate
domestic policies must be
adopted to raise agricul-

“S turai production and exs

3419/375

ports and curtail or post-
pone some expenditure on
less _ essential projects
while using existing capa-

47

* elties more fully.”

Development ex-
penditure should be
reduced in favour of
recurrent and = main-
tenance expenditure, : In-
dustrial capacity grew
faster than the ability to
maintain it. In the short
Tun, the industrial sector
should concentrate largely
on production of the most
basic consumer goods”
needed for survival and
yan serve as incentives
agriculture. :

This ‘would hélp close
the urban-rural gap in
Tanzania,- the mission
stressed.

‘The immediate priority
in agricultural de-
‘velopment has to be ‘th
easing of the foreign ox
change constraint by ex-
pansion of export crops.
The vicious circle of lack
of foreign exchange — no
incentive to produce cash ©
crops, lack of foreign ex+
change — must be broken.

“It is necessary to
rationalise import
requirements by shutting
down completely non-
priority industries and by
Grastically ona de~
velopment ure,”
the mission said.

The package could thus
mean “much less reliance
on changes in the ex-
change rate and on mon-
etary control and more
reliance on direct meas-
ures that break bottle-
necks”:


MOZAMBIQUE

SEMINAR ON RELIGIOUS ISSUES STRESSES NEED FOR SOLIDARITY
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Oct 82 p 2

[Text] "It is necessary to understand that it is man by himself, by his
work who transforms nature and society and that it was man himself who
‘created religion," said the chief of the Ideological Work Department of the '
Party in Maputo, Jose Fanequisso Lessane, speaking to the participants of
the first seminar on religious issues.

Religious action and influence which make complex the political situation in
Maputo and party members' attitudes toward it are some of the matters taken
up at the seminar. ‘

The seminar, attended by party members of the grass-roots organizations, has
as its main objectives to analyze the political situation in the neighbor-
hoods of the capital and to find ways to mobilize for action in preparation
for the Fourth Party Congress.

At the same time those present must be given ‘the knowledge that would allow
them to win over politically those citizens who, unwittingly, are destabis<z Zz
lized or misledby ‘religious:sects. ;

"Administrative measures do not work. We cannot act administratively to
confront religion. In the first place we must ask how is it that the
religious phenomenon achieved such strength? We must struggle so as to
rapidly change minds," said Jose Lessane.

In this connection he pointed to literacy and schooling of the population as
fundamental actions because only the prevalence of science, increase of
knowledge and correct interpretation of natural phenomena can give man the
understanding of nature and the world.

"Only by linking political work to increasing scientific knowledge will it
be possible to solve the problem, because this means that the person
consciously becomes free and becomes a participant in the process of changing
society. It is necessary to understand that it is man himself, by. his work,
who changes nature and society, and it was man himself who created religion,
he said.

"

19



NIGER

SOS-SAHEL MEETING DISCUSSES FOOD, OTHER AID
Niamey LE SAHEL in French '15 Oct 82 pp 1,2

[Excerpt] The members of the National Executive Bureau of the Niger branch of
the International S0S-Sahel held a meeting yesterday morning in the confer-
ence hall of the Grand Chancery of National Orders under the chairmanship of
Gen Henry Dupuis Yacouba accompanied by Mrs Fatoumata, the deputy chairman,
and Dr Mariko, the secretary general.

‘The bureau informed the participants about several aid shipments granted to
the Niger branch of International S0S-Sahel and about a-visit to Niger by. the
general delegate of. International SOS-Sahel.

The first communication to the participants dealt with an urgent aid of 320
tons of grain offered to the Niger branch of International SOS-Sahel by the
French Ministry of Cooperation and Development. ‘Twenty tons of grain have
already been taken and distributed among the population of Ayorou, ‘Namaro and
Bangou-Kouare recently stricken by floods and other natural disasters. It
should also be noted that out of the other 300 tons, 167 tons will go to the
department of Agadez where a great need for supplies is reported. As for the
remaining 133 tons, the Ministry of Rural Development and the National Execu-
tive Bureau of the Niger branch of International SOS-Sahel will soon discuss
their allocation.

Still on the subject of food aid, the European Economic Community (EEC) has
placed at the disposal of the Niger branch of International SOS-Sahel 220 tons
of powdered milk on account of its 1983 allowance. In addition to this, the
EEC has paid 508,341 CFA francs to the Niger branch of International SOS-
Sahel as compensation for the bags of milk damaged or lost during shipment of
the 181 tons distributed this year. This compensatory sum is in fact intended
to purchase food supplies to be distributed among needy people.

Therefore the National Executive Bureau of SO0S-Sahel has decided to purchase
millet which will be handed over to the AFN [expansion unknown]. ‘This organ-
ization working with the staff of Social Action and with the Association of
Midwives will draw a list of poor families in the parish of Niamey and the
food purchased will be distributed among them.

37



NIGERIA

Brighter Outlook for Agriculture Predicted
(BUSINESS TIMES, 22 Nov 82)....ceccccceseccccceteececcees

New Economic Policy To End Austerity
(Charles Fulton Adekoya; DAILY TIMES, 22 Nov.’82)........65

Importance of OPEC Emphasized
(Editorial; DAILY TIMES, 17 Nov 82)............08. eienceee

Briefs
Czechoslovak Exhibit
Candidate Stabbed
SOUTH AFRICA

Briefs
Land Claims

TANZANIA
JASPA Mission's Report Suggests Measures To Overcome
Economic Crisis : :
(THE HERALD, 19 Nov 82) .ccceeccccccccccccceveccceeceseees
UGANDA

Briefs .
Surrender of Luwero Bandits

ZAIRE

Briefs
Israeli Private Investment Interest

ZIMBABWE

Briefs :
Malawi Rice Ban

-e-=

39
40
43

44
4b

45

46

48

49

50


MOZAMBIQUE

SEVERE GASOLINE SHORTAGE AFFECTS MAPUTO
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 4 Nov 82 p 1
[Commentary by Willy Waddington]

[Text] We have recently observed--and also experienced--the mad dash .in search
of properly stocked stations selling fuel::gas oil and regular and super gaso~
line. The normal: thing now is for a station to be out.of one or another of
those three products, when it.is. not out of all.three at. the same time.

In addition to that abnormal normal state of things, there is ‘something even
more troublesome. It is only after one stops next to a pump, turns off the
engine, and opens the ‘gas tank that the attendant runs up hastily (?) to shake
his shoulders and. point to a minuscule sign on which the words "Sold Out" have
been scrawled. ‘

The system may be convenient for the attendant, but it. is harmful to our econ-
omy. How many liters of gas oil and/or gasoline are wasted in this way?

But the situation is even more serious because in general, the attendants do
not know where fuel can be obtained. And the motorist then starts wandering
around the city from pump to pump looking for one where he might. find the de-
sired fuel. We know of people who have gone as far. as Matola this way.

This indifference of ours toward the problems in our economy and with our sup-
plies needs to be revised. In the case of. fuel, the problem is not due to a
lack of fuel--it exists in the storage dumps but. not:.at the pumps.

In general, people normally buy their fuel at the same stations, either near
their home or their work, SO as not to waste fuel. in vain, since. the rationing
tickets do not allow such excursions. .

Would it be so difficult to set up a system of information at the various sta-

tions that would explain where gas oil and regular or super gasoline are avail-
able? |:

11798
CSO: 3442/49

30 ‘



of which everybody knows and, as a result, many people only see the negative
balance. The institute is to blame for this because it made no effort to
publicize its achievements.

[Question] What do you think of your new professional environment?

[Answer] My duties are basically administrative but I will try to expand
them to include cultural development work as well. As for the things that
happened in the institute under my predecessor, I will say that some of them
will probably result in some people demanding an inquiry. Personally, 1
think that if an inquiry takes place it is not for the new director to
conduct it because he cannot be both judge and interested party. I think
that the inquiry should be entrusted to somebody who has no connection with
the inst#tute. However, my personal views on the matter of conducting an
inquiry of this type, here or elsewhere, are quite different. I am more in
favor of a reorganization which, by the way, could lead to condemning the
irregularities and demanding that they be corrected. Therefore, I refuse
to see only one side of the situation, an attitude which could threaten
the very existence of this institution. Whether we like it or not, several
of our institutions have been affected in one way or other by the lack of
moral standards characterizing the former regime.

[Question] A few weeks ago, the minister of culture said right here that
his government was determined not to change in any way the specific Indian
character of the MGI although it will participate in the process of opening
up to other cultures. What will happen under your directorship?

[Answer] .There is no denying that a Mauritian culture exists but much
remains to be done before that culture becomes a complete one and before it
acquires deep roots in its various components. "He who knows his Bible
alone does not know his Bible even [in English] [as published] said the 19th
century English writer Matthew Arnold. From the historical viewpoint,
the development of culture in Mauritius amounts to a vertical phenomenon, a
compartmentalization. Teaching was conducted in European languages and the

resulting culture was deeply marked by this fact which had a strong
influence even on the African culture--although it did not lose its own
identity--and up to a point on the Indian culture. Now it is time to
promote these cultures without neglecting the others. This is why I will
suggest to the government that Chinese and Hindi studies be introduced from
the viewpoint of language and civilizations. We also plan to adopt a
"composite approach" in the teaching of music from grade 1 to grade 3 which |
will make it possible to study Indian, African and European music. Opening
up to other cultures, if not to all cultures, is imperative but one must

be careful not to be assimilated. Gandhi's entire work bears witness to
that interpenetration with respect for the specific character. It is
fortunate that his name be associated with this institute and it is
important for the institute and the island of Mauritius as a whole to be
inspired by him.

[Question] It has been reported that the government wants to recognize the
independence of the MGI and of other institutions. What will really happen?

16



Photo-Journalism Next Year

Asked to comment on the cooperation between the National Journalists: Organi-
zation and its counterpart in the GDR, Fred Gunzel said that next year a
course in photo-journalism will be given in Maputo.

This course, he added, will be taught by photo-journalists from the GDR with
great experience in that work. The course will be sponsored by the GDR
Journalists Association in collaboration with its Mozambican counterpart.
Photo reporters of the national information media will participate in this
course.

Next month GDR journalists will arrive in Mozambique to work in the organiza-
tion of the editorial staffs of RPM information organs.

These journalists, connected with the newspapers of the Free German Youth

[ros], are also members of the Association of Information Professionals of
the German Democratic Republic.

11635
cso: 3442/30

22



Catholic or Anglican seminaries--, to agree on a practice which now takes
many forms; to inform about the religious practices in ‘other countries; to
establish the manner in which the congregation should practice because as
noted by a Christian fiction writer, the great advantage of the Hindu
religion lies in its "individualism" which I also see as its weakness.

[Question] Finally, let us return to the question of the MGI's integration ©
into the artistic life of Mauritius and outline specific possibilities of
training, contributions and so on.

[Answer] Let us take the plastic arts as an example. The institute must
have a museum as established by its charter. It will have one. There we
could exhibit the works of our painters and sculptors, young and adult. Its
School of Fine Arts could be a‘meeting place for workshops and discussions
among artists. Much could also be done in the sphere of dissemination of
our accomplishments. I am thinking of. the future activities of the Extra
Mural Department of the institute which has the task of making our achieve-
ments known. With assistance from India and from the ‘UNESCO, we could
organize international seminars on Indian, Chinese and African immigration
in the area. In the sphere of printing, we plan’ to increase the output of
our. printship in collaboration with the Indian Ocean Printing House (which
will soon publish a bilingual edition, in English and Hindi, of Li, of
Dev Virah Sawmy) and to release recordings in Telegu, Bhojpuri and so on:
Finally, the Extra Mural Department has initiated talks with the MBC “‘*«:

, [Mauritius Broadcasting Company] to decide on how to work together.

8796
cso: 3419/86

18



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

HUNGARIAN RED CROSS DELEGATION--A delegation from the Red Cross in the Hun-
garian People's Republic, headed by its chairman, Janos Hantos, arrived in.our
country's capital yesterday for a 5-day visit. “According to the Information
Department of the Mozambique Red Cross [CVM],. the Hungarian delegation will

hold talks with the Red Cross structures in our country and visit a number of
sectors where the CVM is active. According.to the same source, the delegation's
visit to our country is part of the spirit for developing the relations of
friendship and cooperation that exist between the two national Red Cross orga-
nizations. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 3.Nov 82 p 3] 11798

WOOD INDUSTRY COOPERATION WITH ALGERIA--"We have just signed this agreement
establishing the Algerian-Mozambican Forest Company [SAMOFOR]. It marks a spe-
cific step in our cooperation." So said Minister of. Agriculture Sergio Vieira
on Saturday just moments after initialing the general agreement formalizing

the establishment of SAMOFOR. SAMOFOR is the first joint enterprise in the
wood industry for the exploitation, processing, and marketing of .wood and wood
products. The enterprise is being established as a result of decisions reached.
by the Mozambican-Algerian Joint Commission. Initialing the documents for the
Mozambican side was Minister of Agriculture Sergio Vieira, while Mohammed
Rouighi, secretary of state for forests and land development, initialed for the
- Algerian side. According to a source in the Ministry/of Agriculture, field
activities for developing this project have already been started. In particular,
a forest inventory covering an estimated 3.4 hectares is being carried out in
Zambezia Province. -That inventory will.make it possible to conduct technical-
economic feasibility studies in preparation for the second phase, which will
involve the execution of industrial projects for the production of plywood,
particle board panels, furniture, and other..wood products. The same source
said that next year will mark the start of a phase for producing logs and sawn-
wood, about 80 percent of which will be for export. [Excerpts] [Maputo
NOTICIAS in Portuguese 1 Nov 62 p 3] 11798

EDUCATIONAL AGREEMENT WITH PORTUGAL--Yesterday in this capital, the Eduardo
Mondlane University [UEM] and the Lisbon Technical University signed a protocol
of cooperation for the 1983-1984 biennium. The‘document, which was sighed fol-
lowing talks between delegations from the two institutions, provides for vari-
ous activities in the fields of agronomy, economics, sdocial.science, and veter-
inary medicine. Among other things, the newly established 2-year program pro-
vides for exchanges of lecturers and of bibliography, the acceptance of Mozam-
bican candidates for postgraduate courses inTMLisbon, and the establishment of

31



KAMUZU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT DESCRIBED

Blantyre DAILY TIMES in English 8 Nov 82 p 6

{Article by Simon Mhone:

[Excerpts]

face--"you're insane."

“Construction. work,

\ and C. French (Malawi) |

|. ‘The point here is that on |
January 1, seven years ago, |
Lilongwe was declared |
Malawi's new capital city. |
And seven years ago, that |
place, where the Kamuzu |
; International Airport now |
was he -

is located |
about 30 kilometres from |

| the heart of the Capital City |
and in the northern end of _

| Lilongwe District but bor- |
ders with Lumbadzi Area, |
a trading centre in Dowa |

| District. |
Most of the new Interna- |

| tional Airport staff residen-
tial quarters are at Lum-

\ ‘badzi, just a few kilometres
away from the Kasungu
Road.

which started in 1978 and
completed last year, was
.carried out’ by both local
,and international contrac-
tors such as Nello Teer of

North Carolina, “USA, |

Mitsubishi Corporation of
Japan, Taehwa Construc- |
tion of South Korea and W.

—

Wian firms as sub-contrac-
| tors of the project.
The new ‘international
airport is constructed to in-
‘ ternational class
' standard in accordance
with the International Civil
Aviation Organisation
(ICAO) recommendations,
‘said officials.

K80 million, is more than

other single project in the
transportation sector of the
untry’S :

imited with several Mala- |

ra

double or treble that of any |

"Jumbo Size Airport Blessing to Capital"]

Lilongwe--If you had told a Lilongwe resident
10 years ago that jumbo jets would be landing in largely
bush town, he would have looked at you and told you in the

add, are of international |

standards.

The runway is 3,540 me-
| tres long and the runway
| carriage is 45 metres wide.
| These facilities along

with others make the air-
| port capable of handling all

| types of aircraft including |

' the jumbo jets and the
| DC—10 aircraft, the chair-
| man of Air Malawi Limited
| said in a britfing to repor-
ters in Blantyre last March,
when he announced the

13

MALAWL



result of their joint effort. They are aware of what remains to be done to
‘bring the Chadian people to regain their total independence. For all these
reasons, both armies must strive hand in hand towards peace and unity.

The exchange of embraces between friends meeting after several years of separa-
tion are proof of the bonds of friendship and brotherhood existing between
fellow-citizens.

The head of the delegation also gave his views on the complaints made by people
with whom he spoke.: He said that social issues were often predominant in the
discussions’. “The reason for this is that civil servants live on“just their
salaries. They are entitled to it but-there isa fact which government
employees must understand. The Council of State has only been in power a
short time. In that short period, it cannot possibly correct all the
inadequacies created by several years of bad administration. Quite a consider-
able effort has been made to pay a month's salary.:.This unfaltering effort
goes on to satisfy the needs of every civil servant in all regions without
distinction. (Chad Press Agency).

8796
cso: 3419/90



MOZAMBIQUE

POLITICAL, ORGANIZATIONAL OFFENSIVE SEEN LAGGING

Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 30 Oct 82 pl
{Editorial:'"Is the Offensive Over?"]

[Text] To get right to the point, there is a tendency to make people forget
the Political and Organizational Offensive.

In some sectors, the offensive has:not taken. root,.and inhospitable soil is
causing it to be viewed.as something.that is over.

In other cases, an attempt has been made to-recover the profoundly innovative
and revolutionary content of. the offensive.

In those cases, there has grown up.a lack. of initiative, disinterest, a bureau-
cratic view of the plan, routine, and scorn for political work with the masses.

The working style and methods are: these: to close oneself up in ‘one's office,
avoid living close to.concrete reality and the problems of the people, not
listen to the rank and file, and assert oneself through authoritarianism and
administrative measures.

The bourgeoisie is trying to reduce the offensive to a state inspection by the
president of the republic.

Defense mechanisms have been set up against the possibility of that inspection:
they. consist of changing the surface of things but leaving the essence unaltered.

Carrying on the offensive. means always taking. the initiative: it means putting
the bourgeoisie on the defensive.

This is what the theses for the fourth congress say: "The Political and Organi-
zational Offensive is the permanent methodology specific to our reality, and
through it our party takes’ and keeps at all times the initiative in the class
Struggle, It ousts the infiltrators and reduces the bourgeoisie as a class to
being on the defensive."

Being continuous like the:struggle for which it serves as seasoning, it is the

product ;that brings to the surface the impurities throughout the social body
which delay and block our advance. .

28


MOZAMBIQUE

‘VOFA' ON MACHEL'S REQUEST FOR ZIMBABWEAN ATD

MB301215 (Clandestine) Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique
1700. GMT 27 Nov 82

[Station commentary]

[Text] In an unexpected visit, Samora Machel showed up in Harare to request
even more military aid from Zimbabwe after the resistance had once again
destroyed the pipeline: This visit, which the news reports described as
unexpected, served to mark the date for the release of the Portuguese
nationals who had been captured in Mafoga.: The Portuguese could have been
released before, but our intelligence services had warned us about Machel's
visit to Zimbabwe. Thus, we decided to postpone the prisoners’ release

to celebrate the visit of the head of the Maputo communist government to
that country. We could not miss the opportunity provided by Machel's
boasting and bragging in Harare. We proved that we live in liberated
areas through which we can walk with men, women and children, all the way
to the Zimbabwean border.

While Samora Machel was telling Mugabe that he had the situation under
control, the telephone might have rung and Robert Mugabe might have been
informed by the Chipinga police station that the Mozambique national
resistance had once again released prisoners across the border. Mugabe
would have reported the event to Machel, thus forcing him'to stop his
gibberish and to instead admit that he is in trouble and needs assistance.

This time, the pipeline was not destroyed in the uninhabitated areas,
impossible to protect, as 6ften argued by the Maputo communist government.
The explosion occurred between Beira and Dondo, that is to say 15 km from
the country's second largest city.

However, not everything is disastrous for Machel. After heavy fighting

in the Tacuane mountains, resistance forces were forced to withdraw due to
shortages of ammunition. As a result of the confusion during the fighting,
a Bulgarian couple managed to escape. It is certain that Machel is going
to use the two Bulgarians to stage yet another propaganda campgaign in

the Maputo radio and newspapers.

25



The Soba said he did not know what the fighting "in which the people are
suffering greatly" was about. "We want peace, that is all," he said.

Thirteen-year-old Evaline Rosa said that she escaped when FAPLA arrived in
her village on October 25, "the soldiers firéd into the air to make us
form a group then shot those who ran away," she said.

"My mother was killed along with three other people and I was wounded,"
she said, before rejoining her two brothers, the only survivors of the
family.

The ruling MPLA has regrouped 200 local inhabitants from throughout the
region to Suia Village, 40 kms northeast of here, to step up agricultural
production.

When this correspondent arrived, the village had just been destroyed for
the second time in a week by grenades.

In the first attack, four soldiets defending the village and four civilians
were killed, and half the population was abducted by UNITA troops who .
burned down the houses.

The discouraged villagers asked the local commissioner to either provide
better protection or move them out again. The nearest UNITA positions
are only 500 meters (yards) away.

In Chikala Village, 37 kms (23 miles) east of here, in a region where UNITA
cadres were trained by members of the Donde Protestant Mission, an old man
said that UNITA "severely punishes those who refuse to give them food,"
and gave as an example a neighboring village where 40 villagers were hacked
to death in’a massacre.

"When UNITA enter a village, they enroll the boys, take away the women,
and leave only the old people except for the witch doctors who are killed
systematically," he said.

The local population lives in fear of UNITA’s reprisal raids during which
nobody is spared, except for a child who has the UNITA motif carved on his
chest with a machete or people whose ears have been cut off by Mr Savimbi's
soldiers. ’

"Their lives are worth less than cattle and these peasants, the best in
Angola, are suffering intolerably," a religious worker said. All the
inhabitants interviewed by this reporter called for a reconciliation
between the two movements and an end to the massacres.

But observers in this region feared that the massacres might turn ‘into
genocide, as UNITA attempted to draw the MPLA into blind repression. And
many MPLA cadres in Huambo region exasperated by ambushes and sabotage,
said they favored a crackdown on villages collaborating with UNITA.

cso: 3400/377



ANGOLA

CIVILIANS SAID MAIN VICTIMS OF MPLA, UNITA FIGHTING
AB021350 Paris AFP in English 1427 GMT 2 Dec 82
[Article by Jean Luc Porte]

[Text] Huambo, Central Angola, Dec 2 (AFP)--Each week brings new tragedies
for Angola's Ovimbundu people, as dozens more are killed in the war between
the government's armed forces (FAPLA) and the UNITA guerrilla army of
Jonas Sivimbi.

The Ovimbundu are the largest single ethnic group in the country, and its
villagers have become hostages, suffering heavy casualties in the long
drawn-out conflict between the ruling MPLA party and UNITA, the unsuccessful
rivals in the post-independence struggle for power.

Mr Savimbi is himself a member of the Ovimbundu, and UNITA looks to them
for support. -UNITA guerrillas tend to carry out. operations near to villages
which have remained neutral in the conflict, seeking to provoke FAPLA
forces into reprisal raids and thus swing the village behind them.

At the same time UNITA has systematically infiltrated the rural areas,
triggering some heavy-handed treatment by FAPLA troops.

UNITA soldiers also launch revenge raids, attacking villages where govern-
ment troops. are ‘entrenched and killing the inhabitants, including the
women and children.

UNITA's Objective is to create an infrastructure in the region so that its
guerrillas can be supplied and armed by the local inhabitants. Both sides
are trying to recruit the local youths.

One Soba, or traditional village chief, who along with 200 villagers had
to move during a FAPLA raid into Katchiungo, formerly Bela Vista, about
40 kilometers (25 miles) east of here said: "As far ’as we are concerned,
UNITA and FAPLA are the same thing." :

"When the soldiers arrive in the villages we flee without asking which
group they belong to," he said.



‘move of the airlines opera- |
| tional base from the oid Li- |
A longwe Airport to. the Ka-
|muzu International Air-
(Port. ——————
("He said the « airport apron
; is designed to accommoda-
| ate five to 12 jets and initially |
some 500 passengers will be
_ handled at a time, he |
| added. |
| The .airport was built to |
withstand weight of any
| type of aircraft till the end
| of this century and besides
|_being wide enough, the
“runway is at least 0.61 me- |
tres (2 feet) thick from top
to its foundation, the Airli-
-ne’s Chairman said in dis-
missing as incorrect allega-
tions that the new airport |
‘was built on . swampy! |
ground and that it would
-sink once in use. i
It has been pointed out |
' before that the govern- |
ment’s decision to re-locate |
MalawWi’s International ;
Airport at Lilongwe, is is also
part of the country’s natio- |
‘nal and regional develop-
ment ,.licy centred on the
move of the capital which is
-aimed at securing @ more
equitable distribution of
|_€conomic activi

Cso: 3400/371

14

[ition of the airport to the!
landing of the first inter-

| continental flight * from
London by a British Air-
ways Limited this week, as

| announced by the Ministry
of Transport and Commu-

| nications, make the whole |

| airport development pro- |

| ject a reality.

| The Ministry’s state- | |

| ment said Chileka would |

| still continue handling un- |
scheduled and regional”
flights until they are phased
out and transferred'to Ka-

|muzu International Air- !

| port at a later date.

The airport, which ranks |,
‘among the best equi;
‘Africa, in terms a trots
and passenger-comforrt, |
was financed with loans
from the African Develop-
ment Bank (ADB), an in- |
ternational bank consorti-
um headed by Chase Man-
hattan Bank of the United

, States, the Japanese and

| the Netherlands Govern- |

| ments as well as locally rai-

| inter-continental flights |

will definitely affect other; |
| industries such as the hotel |
|_and tourism.



CHAD

SALIM REPORTS ON MISSION RESULTS OF TRIP TO SOUTH
Ndjamena INFO TCHAD in French 7 Oct 82 pp 2-4

[Text] The commissioner for economy and commerce, Comrade Ali Salim, who con-
ducted an important awareness-raising mission in the south of the country,
returned to Ndjamena on Tuesday. The delegation toured the five prefectures -
of the southern part of the country for several days.: It brought. a message of
peace and unity from the president of the CCFAN [Northern -Armed Forces Command
Council], Comrade Hissein Habre, to the populations who have joined the
national cause. In an interview which he gave yesterday to the RNT [Canadian
National Radio] Comrade Ali Salim reported on the results of this awareness-
raising campaign.

Following the changes which have lately taken place in the south--the commis-
sioner for economy recalled--Comrade Hissein Habre, president of the CCFAN and
head of state, sent a mission to raise the awareness of the population. The
idea of sending such mission arose from the special situation under which our
brothers from that region have lived in recent years. They were cut off from
the rest of the country and nobody gave them objective information regarding
the political situation in Chad. There is no longer a barrier between the
-inhabitants of the north and those of the south. Therefore all the conditions
rieeded to speak the same language, and to start the process of national recon-
struction, have been satisfied. The awareness-raising committee thought it
useful to organize mass meetings among the ‘populations and to have direct
talks with cadres and prominent citizens so that all social strata become
petter informed, Comrade’Ali Salim explained. Following many meetings of this
kind, the delegation was pleased to see that the populations visited were
willing to go along with the policy advocated by the State Council. The
results of this awareness-raising campaign are very encouraging despite the
fact that the Permanent Committee had been bombarding the inhabitants of some
localities with its ideas.

The commissioner then talked about the situation in industrial plants which are
again running and working full time. From now on, taxes paid by these plants
will allow the government to meet some of its expenditures. As for coexistence
between the FAN [Northern Armed Forces] and the FAT [Chadian Armed Forces ]--
something described as impossible by the world press--Comrade Ali Salim pointed
out that the two armed forces carried out a joint action which resulted: in
winning over all the southern prefectures. The newly achieved goal is the



Each Member of Society Must Be a Brother to Others

A document proposing actions by grass-roots party organizations and by mass
democratic organizations’ presented for study at the seminar states:

"During the struggle for national liberation the problem of each member of
society was the problem of everyone. .Births, marriages, celebrations and
death represented happiness or sorrow for everyone. In the history of
national reconstruction there were initiatives but they were immediately
crushed by accusing them of being religious ideas."

Although there have been certain errors, it is important to recognize within
these initiatives those that are correct and it is among these latter that
the work carried out by members of the GD [Mobilizing Groups] and the ODM
cells is outstanding.

In cases of birth, illness and death, members of.each community must give
support, with all the means at their disposal, to lessen the burden that the
person involved suffers.

The OMM [Organization of Mozambique Women], for example, must promote health
education among pregnant women, support the expectant mother with layettes
and domestic work in accordance with the needs of the family in question.

In marriages, a collection should be undertaken for the purchase of a gift
and food, and support given for the organization of suitable marriage
festivities.

In the case of illness, it should be impressed upon the patient that he

‘should seek help at a hospital and to take him there if necessary. After
the patient has been admitted to the hospital he should be visited by members
of the neighborhood until he is released.

When there is death, neighborhood organizations should send a commission’ to
find out the needs of the affected family and mobilize the necessary support.
The mourning period should be accompanied by members of the grass-roots
organizations for which it will appoint a group of persons from the Place

of residence.

11634
CsO: 3442/31

20



018064 —

JPRS 82448.

13 December 1982

‘Sub-Saharan Africa Report _

No. 2735

y . a

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE |
ou a 2 ie: ae : :



NIGERIA

IMPORTANCE OF OPEC EMPHASIZED

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 17 Nov 82 p 3

[Editorial in the column "DAILY TIMES Opinion":

[Text]

cso:

HE Organisation of Petroleum Expor-
-ting Countries (OPEC), has been
subjected to severe test since last
year, when the world-wide oil glut
started. Despite this, all the 13-mem-
ber states have always shown the
determination to overcome this period
by making sone sacrifices. .

Unfortunately, the seeming endlessness
of the glut Is now wearing out the
enduring capacity of some member-
states. The situation is now sq bad
that some of its members have started
breaching the agreed price levels and
output quotas. The main reason is
that these countries badly need
money to fund their development pro-

Jects.

Indonesia, for instance, has unilaterally
‘cut her price because the OPEC congi-
tions have subjected her economy to
very serious strains. In the 1982-83
fiscal year, she lost 2,900 million dol-
lars by respecting the OPEC quota and
prices. This has made her foreign
reserves fall by a third from 6,300 to
4,300 million dollars.

This was the major reason why she on
her own decided a reduction of bet-
ween 47 cents and one dollar and 37
cents per barrel, as from November 11
depending on the oil quality. Other
countries alleged to have violated
OPEC's directivés earlier are Libya,
Venezuela and Iran. One common
characteristic of these countries is
that oil is their main source of reve-
nue. .

However, the point must be made that
emascuk..ing the cartel will in the long
run work against the overall écono-
mic intarest of all members.

3400/373

43

"The OPEC Must LiveTM]

Itis rather unfortunate that the powerful”
buyers, that have always worked both
openly and surreptitiously against the ©
organisation are now succeeding.
Their strategy is first to use their pro-
peganda machinery to magnify the
problem by giving the impression that
their oil stockpiles wil! still last for
several months. Second, they use their
surrogates within the organisation to
weaken the unanimity of members. _.

OPEC nations should,know that winter
has already started setting in in Europe
and the US and that the demand for olf
will definitely go up goon.

If they keep strictly to their current quo-
tas, they may be able to call the bluff
of the Western consumers eventually.

All the talk about alternative sources of
energy would not reduce the signifi-
cance of oil, at least, for now. Mem-
bers should therefore attend the next
meeting which will probably take

Austrian capital to work _

ensus on how to deal with.

Jems. Unilateral actions

ise. of the OPEC. And_

e allowed to happen.

Again, there is the problam of Saudi
Arabia and the United Arab Emirates
urging Nigeria_to increase the differ-
ential premiums for her high quality
oil from between 1.5.to three dollars
per barrel, so that they can sell their
low-quality oil at the OPEC prices.”

At times like this when some countries
are reducing prices to secure markets
for their oil, it wauld be unfair-to, ask;
any country to increase prices for
whatever reason. -



Captain Bechir, a French-trained officer who joined the FAT, who wears stripes
on his canvas uniform, but who is from the north, from Biltine to be exact.

He is a Moslem. He is also a Goran. Appointed commander of the region after
the fall of Moundou, he acts as an intermediary between the "combattants" and
the civilian authorities appointed by Hissein Habre, southerners who opposed
Kamougue.

Chadians from the north and south are getting to know each other again. It

is not easy. The office of Radio Moundou is just a small, dilapidated house
in which a makeshift studio--with only one microphone--has been set up; its
air conditioner does not work, "due to interference," during broadcasting
hours: 6-9 am and 4-6:30 pm. Radio-Moundou, after insulting Hissein Habré
volubly for years, now sings his praises. The small team of reporters remains
the same. In general, the administration has stayed in office, as in Ndjamena.
There are traces of fighting in Moundou, near Mr Thomsen's house; where the
"hunting hotels"--always closed—-are located, on the river, and the two houses
of the "permanent committee," one of which was reserved for Kamougue. -But
this fighting’ was at the beginning of June, when the FAT and the "permanent
committee"--divided above all by their views about the expediency of negotiat-
ing with Hissein Habré or not--had a little battle for positions. The damage
is not serious.

A little less than a month after the FAN's arrival, the reconciliation is
marking time. "They must leave," shouted the high school students who had
come for their baccalaureat examinations, about the Ycombattants." They are
above all fed up with these."empty" years, without examinations due to the
state of confusion; and they dream--with their diploma in their pockets--of
going abroad. - The Gorans would undoubtedly not understand this aspiration to
social status, following the example of the whites, who are more numerous in
the south, with its plantations. They would readily do without forks and knives
handed to them at the prefect's residence, another southerner rallied to the
cause and who was liberated from prison by FAN, After 3 years of separation
covering the flight of the southerners of N'Djamena and the massacre of
thousands of Gorans in the south, the rift remains enormous. "For 3 years,
Kamougue and Radio Moundou described Hissein Habre'as a devil," a witness
explains: There is a noticeable climate of mistrust. It is conducive to the
most incredible rumors. It has beer said, for example, that Kamougue told
Radio Israel that he would have Moundou bombed, on Saturday, 25 September, by
four Jaguar fighters. The market was empty 2 hours earlier than usual. Of
course, nothing happened. It is also said that at the headquarters of the
“permanent committee" no one dares enter the colonel's office, where he is said
to have left his helmet and a bottle of pink champagne--his favorite drink--
peside a note saying "Don't touch anything, I shall come back." "Ridiculous!"
scoffs Captain Bechir.

There have been some "smudges," the prefect admits. The “combattants"
(another name for the FAN) took the last vehicles. They no longer have the
right to carry arms in town as of 23 September, so as to avoid incidents. All
the same, most of the extortion going on is done by the FAT.

The population, inevitably, took advantage of events to loot the homes
abandoned by people who fled to the brush. Nevertheless, the southern capital
does not give the impression of being on the alert. In view of the animosity



CHAD

THINGS SAID TO BE GOING NOT TOO BADLY IN SOUTH
Paris ‘LE MONDE in French 21 Oct 82 p 5

[Article by special correspondent J.-C. Pomonti: "The Restoration of Unity
in Chaa"]

[Excerpts] Moundou--Pistols slung across their backs or Kalashnikovs under
their arms, they sit around a low table on armchairs or living room sofas, a
beer or an orange soda in front of them, awkwardly, as they are used to
removing their shoes before stretching out on a carpet around cups of tea.
They are small, thin, badly shaven, dressed in a motley of clothes, without
any insignia showing their rank.

At the end of the rainy season Moundou, in the heart of southern Chad, once
more has luxuriant vegetation which will burn under the sun in a few months ,
or be burned by peasants so that they can graze their flocks. In front of the
huts the corn is high, and the cotton crop in the rural areas will not be har-
vested for several weeks. The green, smiling south seems even stranger to the
new arrivals because ‘they do not speak its languages, and often speak broken
French. Used to the arid north, they feel ill at ease and out of place. They
have never seen so much wealth--everything is relative--or so much nonchalance.

Akouma Ali is there, the local chief of staff of the FAN (Northern Armed
Forces), as well as Barkai, his aide, and three other combattants. Hissein
Habré's men have won the war in Chad. -They are called "Gorans" after the
language they speak, which is widely spoken in parts of the north and east of
the country. They come-from’the "rocky country." They have their epic. oh
Since the 1979 massacres, the south was practically cut off from the rest of
the country, and lived by its own means, closer to Garoua, in Cameroon, or
Bossangoa, in Central Africa, than to Mdjamena. They lived under the protec-
tion of Colonel Kamougue--here they just speak of the "colonel"--and his
political-business ‘group, the famous "permanent committee ;" which tore itself
apart in the end. The colonel's FAT, the Chadian Armed Forces, were the law.

Members of the FAT who joined who joined the FAN in increasingly large numbers
helped the latter conquer the south. In less than ‘2 months, Moundou, the
southern capital, headquarters of the "permanent committee," fell (on 4
September) almost without a fight. Since then, Chadians have been finding

or re-finding themselves. One of them is more aware of this than others:



NIGERIA

BRIGHTER OUTLOOK FOR AGRICULTURE PREDICTED
Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 22 Nov 82 p 1
{ :

[Text] FARMERS in the country expect agricultural output to be higher this
year. ‘This was the finding of a country-wide survey conducted by. the Central
Bank during the first half of the year.

The reasons given for the.optimism, the Central Bank says in its half year re-
port for 1982, were improvement in the quantity and timeliness of imputs dis-
tributed by government to farmers, and adequate rainfall in most parts of the
country, especially during the planting season.

For the first half of the year however, the Central Bank reports that the rate
of increase in agricultural production was lower than for the comparable period
of 1981.

The Index of Agricultural Production prepared by the Bank increased by 2.3 per
cent during the period (as against 2.5 per cent in the first half of 1981),
to 95.3 (1975-100).

Crop production, according to the index, rose by only 1.4 per cent, compared
with 1.9 per cent for first half of 1981. Of the other areas of agriculture,
only livestock production showed a higher increase than in 1981.. Staple
crops production increased by only 0.8 per cent.

On cash crops, the situation looks definitely serious. Although the Central
Bank's index showed that the "Other Crops" component increased by 3.4 per cent
during the.first half of 1982, actual Commodity Board purchase of the sche-
duled crops (cocoa, cotton, palm kernel rubber) totalled only 131,069 tonnes,
a decline of 158,697 tonnes or 54.5 per cent from the first half 1981's also
depressed figure.

Significant improvement in the crop production figures may not be quick in com-
ing. Although substantial investments are going into the River Basin Develop-
ment Authorities and the Agricultural Development Projects, these have inevit-
ably long gestation periods. ‘And although lending under the Agricultural Cre
Credit Guarantee Scheme increased during the first half of 1982, the bulk of
the loans (79.9 per cent) as in previous periods went to livestock production.

csO: | 3400/373
39



MOZAMBIQUE

TEA PRODUCTION REHABILITATION REGISTERS GREAT SUCCESS
Blantyre DAILY TIMES in English 8 Nov 82 p 11

[Text] “OPHYS ‘year’s tea production of 23,000: ‘tonnes in Mo-'
“gambique has been the best ever; a report quoted by |
the Mozambiq: jue News Agency (AIM) said recently.|

He added that the bumper tea harvest this year®
‘had beaten the best production attained in the colo-

‘nial period by 6.5. thousand tonnes.’

“The report said Emocha, ¢
whichis a state tea ee

<The te pert said that the’? “Zia” before: the"end of “this”
decade..

:

“tion of new equipment and’

>technology’ in harvesting = : hectares
‘and, Processing, AIM qu-* ‘Muction in the labour force ;: i i afea of 16,000 hect on ,
on report'as saying. “in the industry, but will re-- ‘than half of this is in Gurue

‘The installation ‘of the”
hew machinery is part of a

oe sie of the project
installation,.of
new equipment in foueee |

“The ‘processing plants .
traditionally get their fuel_:

‘pian ced 2 ere Sea ssing { : supply from an-area about
ooee. finished. "The vi 70 kilometres away; ‘which.
“stage is to build two new tea leaves them soporte"
ficient: transport fleet,’”
‘Processing Plants; accord: Dthe AIM said. ? :
oS . +. ‘The report said the state

_ estan in a

sult in better distribution of :
workers. and. is part of a

J tea plantations ‘cover. an

District, with smaller areas
in Milange and Ile districts.

: two-stage ‘scheme which, — - move to stabilise the work- Around. the Gurue tea
“began in 1980'to rehabilita-!  _- force, the report said. region, @ project to estab- °
ste the Mozambican tea- in- © Yr said that the forests are lish eucalyptus plantations
dustry, | ‘destined primarily to pro-| ‘is, also being carried out.
The total cost tof the re . vide a\ temporary guaran- Eucalyptus trees have al-*
habilitation Pro; : steed fuel supply for the tea ‘ready been planted in
23,65 million dollars, and ‘ocessing plants. Power: 17,000: hectares, and the
~part of the financing is pro- From Cabora Bassa Hydro- ° area planted is scheduled to
vided by the African Deve- Electric Scheme~in Tete increase at the rate of 1.5
lopment Bank (ADB), the Province will be supplied to thousand hectares a years
report said. = : the tea industry in Zambe-. the AIM said...
cso: °3442/376

27


NIGERIA

BRIEFS

CZECHOSLOVAK EXHIBIT--THIRTEEN Czechoslovak foreign trade corporations are
taking part in the Lagos Specialised International Trade Fair. The companies
will be exhibiting technical and technological items in areas ranging from
power: engineering and metallurgy, chemical and food industries equipment ,
building materials production equipment, machine tools and forming machnies
to laboratory glasswares. They exhibit in Hall 4. Recent deliveries by
Czechoslovak firms to Nigeria, include technical centres at Aba and Umuahia
for the manufacture of simple machine tools and for the manufacture of small
tractors and equipment for car service shops respectively. They have also
delivered, a billet mill for Ajaokuta, a machine tool plant to Anambra State,
a farming machines for factory at Etiti, Imo State, and tools and spares shop
for cars at Umuahia. [Text] [Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 22 Nov 82 p 3]

CANDIDATE STABBED--WHILE Governor Ambrose Alli of Bendel State was rejoicing
over his renomination as the UPN flag bearer for the 1983 elections, another
aspirant was battling for survival at the hospital. Dr. Isaac Okonjo was
rushed to a private hospital in Benin, following stab wounds he allegedly
received on his back following disagreement over who should be accredited

to vote in the nomination of candidates. Informed sources said that as the
accreditation exercise was going on at Issele-Uku in Aniocha West Constitu-
ency of the state, Dr. Okonjo went to the venue and discovered that all his
supporters were locked out of the exercise. Dr. Okonjo was reported to have
resisted this because ‘according to him as the leadersof Bendel East Senatorial
District, he.was entitled to know what was transpiring within the party in the
area. Sources said that at this stage, the pro-Alli supporters allegedly
tried to push Dr. Okonjo out. and a free-for-all fight ensued. [Text] [Lagos
DAILY TIMES in English 16 Nov 82 p 40]

cso: 3400/373

4h



Tea will be scarce in Mozambique because thousands of tons were burned and
production has dropped, while the roads have been cut. As a result, tea
cannot be exported. However, Machel has the Bulgarians to make good the
loss he suffered and he will do all he can to make people forget about
everything that is happening in the country. Maybe the Bulgarians will
convince their government to send a few kilos of tea, so that there will
be no shortage of this precious drink in the pantry at Machel's palace.

Both the Bulgarian Government and the relatives of those who are in our
hands will be surprised to find out that these people are alive, since
FRELIMO propaganda often accuses the so-called bandits of killing everybody.
Whatever stories the FRELIMO propaganda wishes to fabricate, the fact is
that the so-called bandits did not kill their prisoners, not even during
the withdrawal. Furthermore, one must also stress the point that Machel's
troops did not take the opportunity to liquidate the two Marxist-Leninist
comrades and then accuse the resistance of being responsible, as is common
practice. -We still do not know if the Bulgarians. have been transported

to Quelimane alive, since they are Marxist-Leninist expatriates. Another
possibility is that they have fallen in the hands of Political Commissar
Abel (Assekala), highly skilled in the heroic task of shooting a man in
the neck to protect the party's image. It could be that Abel (Assekala)
was busy killing other people in other provinces. Our listener must bear
in mind that Abel (Assekala) is the commissar of death who killed Joana
Simeao, Uria Simango, Paulo Gumane, Rev Gwengere and others whose crime
had been to oppose Machel's Marxism-Leninism.

Let us forget about the Bulgarians and return to Machel's visit to Harare.
More aid than what has already been granted is not enough. [Words indis—
tinct] Machel is unable to protect the pipeline and he needs to request the
intervention of foreign troops to control a country which is not theirs.

The people have taken possession of what belongs to them. It is necessary
-to recruit foreign troops so that the country again becomes property of
the Maputo Communist Government and the people are forced to obey Machel's
orders.

Will the Zimbabwean Government accept an increase in the number of con-
scripts for its expeditionary army in order to keep the FRELIMO regime*in
power? We believe that we have been quite clear on this matter. We have
nothing to add to what we have said in the past. We still believe that
the Mugabe government respects certain principles of human dignity. It
has been in Zimbabwe that we have released foreigners who have come to a
country at war, and whom we are forced to evacuate before they are hit in
the crossfire. We would not like to change our minds, but this depends
on what Mugabe decides.

CSO: 3442/63

26



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

OIL’ EXPORTS REPORTEDLY MORTGAGED--A disclosure by Angola that it has spent
$10,000m.-on defence shows that it is deeply in debt to the Soviet Bloc,
which supplies its military needs (writes Richard Wallis of Reuter). Presi-
dent Jose Eduardo dos Santos mentioned the figure in his speech on the sev-
enth anniversary of independence. Gross Domestic Product in 1980, when oil
prices were at their peak, was $3,400m. The Defence Bill figure tends to con-
firm suspicions that Angola has had to mortgage its oil exports for years
ahead to finance Soviet military support.and maintain an estimated 18,000 to
25,000 Cuban troops. Angolan leaders have frequently complained that Cuba de-
mands payment for its services in hard currency. President dos Santos men+
tioned the defence spending figure to explain why money could not be spent on
improving the living conditions of the people, according to ANGOP, the offi-
cial news agency. The official press has over the past few months carried
several references to a drying-up of all but the.most essential imports. The
austerity appears to have been imposed by the government because of an acute
shortage of foreign exchange. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English No 3407,
22 Nov 82 p 3049] "

DECLINE IN PORTUGUESE IMPORTS--Due to the drop in the price of oil on the
world market, Portuguese exports to Angola have fallen from 50,319 tons,
in the first 6 months of last year, to 15,079 tons during the same period
this year. However, Portuguese imports from Angola have increased from
259.6 million escudos worth in 1981 to 847 million escudos worth this
year. Portuguese exports to Angola included cotton goods, confections,
medicines, shoes, books and soaps, while 80 percent of Angolan exports

to Portugal consisted of coffee. [MB011326 Luanda Domestic Service in
Portuguese 0500 GMT 1 Dec 82 MB]

CSO: 3442/63


[Answer] I think that I can say that the ministry will not interfere in the
daily running of the institute. I also think that this was not so’under the
previous government which was somewhat reticent in the matter of languages.
Apart from that, it must be mentioned that we are obliged to conform with
the government's overall cultural policy as regards the way in which the
-institute is run. Therefore our action will conform with its philosophy.
Specifically this means that any decisions adopted in one sphere or other
will be of a political nature. The parties involved will decide how that
independence is achieved.

From the viewpoint of activities, we shall expand the activities of the
School of Fine Arts, the School of Indian Music and Dance to which I think
that we must associate drama because the three elements are inseparable in

the context of Indian art. The activities of these departments and the
activities of the Institute's Secondary School, on the one hand, and of the
School of African, Oriental and African studies, on the other, will conform to
the letter of the charter regulating the MGI. That charter says that it must
be an institution to promote the cultures of our ancestors and to provide
general education.

For my part, I also would like for the MGI to have a regional advocation which
could turn it into a center of Indian or oriental culture in this part of the
world where countries have certain affinities and certain needs similar to
ours. Following’ the example of the La Reunion University Center (soon to
become the French University of the Indian Océan), the institute could offer
courses in a number of subjects to a given level and further studies could
then be continued in the universities of India.

[Question] To what extent will the institute be engaged in cultural coopera-
tion between Mauritius Island and India? What doés the institute expect
from it? .

[Answer] . A cooperation agreement already exists and Mrs Indira Gandhi's
recent visit has emphasized its importance. As a matter of fact the MGI is
in’a favored position regarding cultural exchanges between the two countries.
I am thinking about what we can gain in terms of art education for our
artists who suffer from insularity and from lack of contacts with the outside
world. We could try to secure admissions in centers of advanced education
such as the Center for the Performing Arts of Bombay or similar institutions
in Calcutta and elsewhere. Contacts must be. established and we will do

it because I believe that much will be achieved in the coming year be it

in the sphere of music, dance or in other activities. .

I am also very interested in religious education and religious practice,
mostly Hinduism. In that connection I advocate the creation of a Hindu
Theological Institute [HTI] completely independent from the MGI which, as

it should be noted, is a non religious institution but which could perhaps

be associated to it in some way. That type of institute is, in my opinion,
very necessary for Hinduism where splits exists due to the lack of coordination
between its philosophy and reality. The mission of the HTI would be manifold:
to train priests of all languages in an ashram--institution similar to the

ba a oR WitheS

17



Hungary, Cuba, Vietnam, Bulgaria and Poland are participating. This fair © ,
is one form of diversification of the activities of the National Library.

The socialist countries’ books fair week will conclude with the showing of

a full-length film about the history of the book to be lent by the National
Cinema Institute. Chigogoro Massassa also revealed that the books to be
shown during the week will be given to the National Library later. The books
are in Portugurse, Spanish and English, and also in the languages of the
countries of origin. Mostly on political topics, the books deal also with
technology and literature in general. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese

21 Oct 82 p 3] 11634

MIXED COMMISSION WITH CUBA~-Santiago Hernandez, the director of the Depart-
ment for Sub Saharan Africa of the Cuban State Committee for Economic
Cooperation, arrived in Maputo yesterday. Hernandez will take part, begin-
ning today, in the preparatory work of the fourth session of the Mixed
Mozambique-Cuba Commission for economic and scientific-technical cooperation,
which will be held this year. Upon their arrival in Maputo, Hernandez and
his delegation were welcomed by the national director of planning of
Mozambique and co-vice president of the mixed commission, Marcelo de Andrade.
[Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 14 Oct 82 p 10] 11635

PORTUGUESE-ITALIAN GLASS CONSORTIUM--Four Portuguese and one Italian firms
signed a contract in Lisbon yesterday establishing a consortium to set up a
glass industry in Mozambique, announced the Portuguese news agency ANOP.

The contract was signed by representatives of the five firms and by a
Mozambican delegation which is now in Portugal and yesterday began a visit

to the north of Portugal where they will contact the glass industry sector.
The signatory firms selected by the Portuguese authorities are: Tecnitim,
Soares da Costa, Mompor and the Italian firm is Nuova Bottero. The protocol
of intentions for the adjudication of a project for the recovery of the
Mozambican glass industry will be signed after negotiations between the
Mozambican delegation and the newly established consortium. The Mozambican
delegation to Portugal went there at the invitation of the Portuguese Foreign
Trade Institute (ICEP). The delegation is made up of the director of economy
of the Mozambican Ministry of Industry, Luis Videira; the national director
of energy, Francisco Caravela; and the director of the Bank of Mozambique,
Luis Campos. Renee Cordeiro, vice president of ICEP, said yesterday that
"this visit is of great importance because it is the consequence of good
relations between our two countries." [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese
15 Oct 82 p 8] 11635

UZBEK CULTURAL DELEGATION--Uzbek SSR Minister of Culture, Zakhra Rakhimba-
bayeva, returned home yesterday after an 8-day visit to the RPM [People's

Republic of Mozambique. In statements to our reporters Zakhra Rakhimba-

bayeva said that this visit was quite important because it permitted better
understanding of the cultural values of the Mozambican people. “Mozambique
has a rich cultural heritage, as we could see," said the Uzbek minister of
culture. The delegation also visited Beira together with a cultural group

34



from Uzbekistan which is now visiting our country. In the capital of the
country the Soviet delegation had talks with authorities of the State
Secretariat of Culture. "In our analysis of our work, we concluded that
cooperation in this field is developing satisfactorily," said Zakhra
Rakhimbabayeva. At the Maputo international airport the delegation was
seen off by State Secretary of Culture, Luis Bernardo Honwana. [Text]
[Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Oct 82 p 8] 11635

BULGARIAN TRADE UNION DELEGATION--The secretary of the Central Committee
for FRELIMO Party economic policy, Maj Gen Marcelino dos Santos, yesterday
received a trade union delegation from the People's Republic of Bulgaria
which has been visiting our country since 16 October. The three-person
delegation is led by Liliana Dimitrova, member of the Central Committee of
the Bulgarian Communist Party and secretary of the Bulgarian Trade Unions
Central Council. At the meeting, which took place at Central Committee
headquarters in Maputo, Marcelino ‘dos Santos spoke of his satisfaction
that the contact between Bulgarian trade unions and the Production Council
contributed to reinforce solidarity in the struggle against imperialism.

In his speech, the secretary ‘for economic policy told the Bulgarian delega-
tion about the main aspects of the development program of our country,
pointing out the important role of small projects incorporated in the more
general program of the prospective plan. ‘This visit to our country was
made in response to the invitation made by the national commission of
implementation of Production Councils, within the framework of agreements
signed between the two union organizations. The Bulgarian delegation is
reewrng home today. [Excerpts] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 21 Oct 82
p 3] 11635

FDJ TRAINING COOPERATION--Over 200 0JM [Mozambique Youth Organization]
activists and members: will take part in courses training cadres of this
democratic mass organization, which will begin soon under the orientation
of the FDJ [Free German Youth]. A group of young people from the German
Democratic Republic are in’ Mozambique in line with the cooperation agree-
ments with the OJM, and will conduct training courses in Cabo Delgado,
Manica, Zambezia and Gaza provinces. According to information given by the
National Secretariat Department of Cadres and Training, this type of action
has been carried out regularly in order to train Mozambican youths, so that
they can duly contribute to the work of building socialism. In addition

to lectures on the role of youth in building socialism, FDJ members will
teach classes on Marxism-Leninism and volunteer brigades. According to an
OJM source this organization is cooperating with the FDJ in various fields,
training being the most important of all areas. With the cooperation of
German specialist youths, the OJM is now building the mining city of Matundo.
Also in Tete, the technical school of this ODM [expansion unknown] is train-
ing basic cadres for the locksmithing and carpentry sectors. Also within
the framework of this cooperation, there is annual exchange of delegations
of both organizations in.order to promote mutual acquaintance and develop
solidarity among young people. [text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese

19 Oct 82 p 3] 11635

35



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

MALAWI RICE BAN--The minister.of trade and commerce has announced that the TM
inportation of rice from Malawi*has been ‘stopped with immediate effect. A
statement: made’ by the ministry says*no allocation ‘of foreign exchange for

the importation of rice will ‘be: made. A government notice giving facts of

the’ decision ‘has been gazetted. [Text] [MB031824 Hararé Domestic. Service
in English 1600 GMT 3 Dec 82] ws

cso: 340/391. END

50



MOZAMBIQUE

"VORA" SAYS RESISTANCE TO REACH CABO DELGADO IN 1983

MB021340 (Clandest ine) Voice of Free Africa in Portuguese to Mozambique
1700 GMT 1 Dec 82

[Station commentary]

[Excerpts] Cabo Delgado Province has always been regarded by the Maputo
rulers and party leaders as the safest region. The important contribution
made by the Makonde people in the struggle for the liberation ‘of Mozambique
and the incorporation of many Makonde in FRELIMO's military hierarchy should
‘have guaranteed the government and the party tranquillity and safety in
that region. The Makonde people have been waiting patiently for the réali-
zation of promises made by FRELIMO during the war against the colonial
regime. In the last 4 years, the Makonde people have been’ getting more and
. more desperate in view of the Maputo communist government's’ inability to
run the country and its failure to fulfill the party's promises. Three
governors have already served in Cabo Delgado Province, sent in a desperate
attempt ‘to find a course of action acceptable to the Makonde population.
No positive results have been achieved despite the changes that have been
introduced. For a long time, Cabo Delgado Province was without a governor
since nobody wanted to assume responsibility for the fulfillment of promises
FRELIMO had failed to carry. out.

The party and the government are trying to launch a campaign to discredit
the Mozambique National Resistance among the Makonde people in order ‘to
prevent the latter from supporting the resistance. .FRELIMO agents and
lackeys are spreading lies, saying that the Mozambique National Resistance
is tribal-oriented and refuses to accept Makonde people in its’ ranks.
There are Makonde cadres in the resistance, and their presence will.be
increased next year as soon as our forces reach Cabo Delgado province.

-The Makonde population is Mozambican, and as such it is entitled to take
part in the struggle against oppression and exploitation by a clique in
‘the serivce of Soviet imperialism. The Makonde people are anticommunist
and strongly adhere to their African traditions, two things for which
the Mozambique National Resistance is struggling. The Makonde people are
highly nationalistic. and refuse to beg for employment or to be forced to
buy abroad the essential commodities they need.

23



MAURITIUS

New Director of MGI Interviewed
(Uttama Bissoondoyal Interview; LE MAURICIEN,
23 Sep 82). cccccccceccccccasccucvvccscccreceressessssens

MOZAMBIQUE

NIGER

Seminar on Religious Issues Stresses_Need for Solidarity

(NOTICIAS, 16 Oct 82) .cecscceecccceccccaicnccvececevens |

GDR Radio Official Speaks on Cooperation
(NOTICIAS, 16 Oct 82) ..cceecccccceccsecsccsvsscrees aoa

'VOFA' Says Resistance To Reach Cabo Delgado in 1983
(Voice of Free Africa, 1 Dec 82). .ccseeseeeecseeeecnces

‘VOFA' on Machel's Request for Zimbabwean Aid
(Voice of Free Africa, 27 Nov 82)..sssccesececnsecveece

Tea Production Rehabilitation Registers Great Success
(DAILY TIMES, 8 Nov 82) .ccceccccnecccccescccccceereceeces

Political, Organizational Offensive Seen Lagging
(Editorial; NOTICIAS, 30 Oct’ 82).....cececesececerecenes

Severe Gasoline Shortage Affects MAPUTO ‘
(Willy Waddington; NOTICIAS, 4 Nov 82).....seseeeseeeeee

Briefs
Hungarian Red Cross Delegation
Wood Industry Cooperation With Algeria
Educational Agreements With Portugal
Political, Not Technocratic Solutions
NRM Attacks Bridge, Rail Line
NRM Ambush, Attack Reported
New Provincial Commander
Portuguese Military Donation
ABRASSO Donation
Improved Zambezia Marketing Campaign
Eastern Bloc Book Fair
Mixed Commission With Cuba
Portuguese-Italian Glass Consortium
Uzbek Cultural Delegation
Bulgarian Trade Union Delegation
FDJ Training Cooperation
Portuguese Housing Cooperation

SOS-Sahel Meeting Discusses Food, Other Aid

(LE SAHEL, 15 Oct 82) ..ceeeececcccececccecceecscesccceres

-b-

15

19
21
23
25
27

28

37



cso: 3400/373

42

‘possible to be. uncon-
cerned, to be neutral. To!
+. be either is to reject pre-
_-servation outright. 00.
Here is the opposite to
which you say yes (by

no

_gbtaining ing of full service,
“from it she « buys!

And iF we, a8 a ‘nation,

Preservation: Policy, :
: Features Editor. <



NEW ECONOMIC. POLICY TO END AUSTERITY
Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 22 Nov 82 pp 20-21
{Article by Charles Fulton Adekoya]

[Text] “einige "is thatthe”
amount df goods im; E
; ted into Nigeria is dimi-
nished. Because of redu-
ced.supply, the amount
of fn available is not H
enou; to supply 2.”
needs of those who are |
willing and able to pay ©
even higher prices. :
? doi ithout means a
loss in our standard of:
living... -,. 4
- To cope with the re- /
. daction -in available
foreign currency, 1e |
_ Fate at which what is
available is it. must

. be reduced. This is the
first thrust the-
‘Austerity _ Measures’,

“BUT
THOD, EQUALLY. IM- ;
PORTANT AND
EFFECTIVE, IS. TO:
“PROLONG THE USE-
FUL LIFE OF IMPOR- :
TED GOODS AND;
THEREBY FILL THE :
NEED FOR THEM ‘
WITH A_ SMALLER
.SUPPLY.. ° :
Take this example:
If an imported car now
“lasts 4 5 car own-
ers 5 cars providing
them with 5 cars x 4-
years = car years. a
) the government © Therefore 20 car years
introduced several now supply the needs of
measures now known as”. 5 car owners.

The net effect of the car can be made to last 7
availability of a smaller years instead - only 4.5 7
. ff for halt cars x 7 years = 35 car

40

NIGERIA



GABON

BRIEFS

TWO CANADIAN AGREEMENTS SIGNED--Charles Lapointe, Canadian minister of state
for external relations, left Libreville last Saturday [9 October] after a°6-
day visit to our country. That morning, the chief of Canadian diplomacy
signed two agreements in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation. The
first deals with a village water project and the second with preliminary
studies on the building of premises to house the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
and Cooperation.-. Prior to that, Mr Lapointe was successively received in
audience by ministers Jean-Pierre Lemboumba-Lepandou (economy and finance)
and Augustin Hervo-Akendengue (state and mixed economy enterprises) temporar-
ily acting as minister of state for foreign affairs’and cooperation. He also
met with First Deputy. Prime Minister Georges Rawiri. The two men examined
Canada's participation in the construction of the Trans-Gabonese Railroad.
[text] [Libreville L'UNION in French 11 Oct 82 p1] 8796

MAKAYA ‘ON OFFICIAL JOURNAL--I no longer know what is important. The other day,
the problem of the OFFICIAL JOURNAL was dealt with in.a cavalier. ; manner by
the program "The RTG [Gabonese Radio and Telévision] Files." It seems that
this very important publication has not been published since 1975. This means
that since then government documents have been kept some way or other. ‘The
reasons put forward to explain the collapse of that institution are the lack
of a national printing office and of competent personnel. I am very surprised
to hear an official.state so bluntly that the local printing shops are too
expensive to produce the state journal. If that is the case why doesn't the
government provide the means to run its own service? And why is it that for
7 years that seme government has been paying personnel who does not render
any service? Under these circumstances how'can official documents be kept so
that all citizens are judiciously informed? Here is a serious problem‘deserv-
ing ovr fut attention. [Excerpt] [Libreville L'UNION in French 9-10 Oct 82
pi 796

MINERAL PROSPECTING--A team of géological prospectors from the Ogooue Mining
Company (COMILOG) based in Moanda, province of Haut=Ogooue; has been in the
department of Haute-Louetsi since 10 September this year prospecting for
mineral deposits. The team consists of two geologists, Messrs Nziengui and
Azzibrouk, and the chief of the COMILOG's prospection division, Mr Delorme.
According to the letter, their mission is to find out whether or not there are
mineral resources in the Mbigou’ region. So far, they've had no evidence allow-
ing them to determine whether there are deposits or not due to the weathering
of the soil and difficulties to access the forest in the area. Similar pros-
pections are conducted in other parts of the Republic of Gabon, mostly in
regions where they have already found indications of deposits, Delorme con-
cluded. [Text] [Libreville L'UNION in French 12 Oct 82 p 2] 8796

cso: 3419/86
10



The warmth of the remarks made by Minister Christian Remi Richard in
Madagascar to Ambassador Kazuhiko Furusawa and through him to Japan will

thus be understood. In his short speech, the head of our diplomatic corps
stressed "the originality and the significance of Japanese assiatance to

the Democratic Republic of Madagascar." The Japanese diplomat was pleased

to emphasize that "Japan, a nation devoted to Peace, feels that it is an
important and international duty for it to extend its economic cooperation

to the Third World. - Japan's official aid to development amounts to more than
$3 billion per year and is the third largest fund after the United States

and West Germany. Thirty percent of the funds in question are distributed
through various UN and other international organizations’ assistance programs,
while the remaining 70 percent are intended for bilateral agreements."

Forty-five African nations currently maintain bilateral relations with Japan.
"But," stressed His Ambassadorship to Mr Christian Remi Richard in Antananarivo
yesterday, "I am pleased to assure you that Madagascar is among the few
favored countries who benefit from the maximum assistance from my country."
Indeed, Japanese aid to Madagascar will soon reach $100 million.

Minister Christian Remi Richard also stressed yesterday that his numerous
meetings with the Japanese diplomat were always to sign "very important
agreements." In other words, current relations between Japan and the
Democratic Republic of Madagascar are excellent. The Japanese conditions in
the first agreement are termed by the minister himself as "the most
advantageous credits."

Mr Christian Remi Richard also emphasized some characteristic trait of our
cooperation.

Having experienced great growth over these last few years, our cooperation
is proof that countries with different sociopolitical systems can work
together for the advent of a more just society in which man, and every man,
‘ean flourish.

Furthermore, cooperation with Japan effectively occurs in all the key sectors
of the Malagasy economy. It has enabled Madagascar to provide itself with
numerous extremely modern facilities: the animal breeding center at
Antsiranana (gift of 1.4 billion francs); development of subterranean water
supplies in the south (gift of 1.4 billion francs); development of deepsea
fishing (gift of 1.4 billion francs)’; installation of microwave networks in
the north and the south; the Namorona dam--to which are to be added the
granting of credit for 20,000 tons of rice recently and 45,000 tons today.

As for the Japanese ambassador, he was astonished yesterday "that the Malagasy

are not interested in a rice growing apprenticeship in Japan through the

organization of Japanese farmer's cooperatives and the facilities they receive

from the government." Before saying that his country had "no political aims

with regard to Madagascar" and that its cooperation is "sincere," he noted,
—-------.for example, that last year the Japanese/Malagasy trade balance was more than _

$20 million in Madagascar's favor, and that despite the international

economic crisis which also prevails in its country, Tokyo is trying to

maintain and increase its "economic cooperation."

= 0883: 3419/1392 ° 12



JPRS 82448

13 December 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2735
ConTENTS
ANGOLA
Civilians Said Main Victims of MPLA, UNITA Fighting
(Jean: Luc Porte; AFP, 2 Dec 82) ..scicccccsccscccscccecces 1
Briefs
Oil Exports Reportedly Mortgaged 3
Decline in Portuguese Imports 3
CHAD
Salim Reports on Mission Results of Trip to South
(INFO TCHAD, 7 Oct 82)... cc cece eee cece eee eceneneccceeees 4
Things Said To Be Going Not Too Badly in South
(J.-C. Pomonti; LE MONDE, 21 Oct 82)....eecceceeceeeeene 6
GABON
Briefs
Two Canadian Agreements Signed 10
Makaya on Official Journal 10
Mineral Prospecting 10
MADAGASCAR
Japanese Cooperation Agreements Signed
(MADAGASCAR-MATIN, 14 Oct 82)..scceccecceceeceececeeess u
MALAWI
Kamuzu International Airport Described
(Simon Mhone; DAILY TIMES, 8 Nov 82)....ccescccecceeees 13

-ae- {III - NE & A - 120)



NEW PROVINCIAL COMMANDER--A new military commander has been appointed for
Inhambane Province in south central Mozambique. A communique issued in
Maputo today said President Samora Machel has appointed Maj Gen Antonio
Hama Thai, provincial military commander and deputy secretary of the
provincial committee of the FRELIMO party in Inhambane. Major General
Hama Thai was formerly chairman of the Maputo City executive council and
FRELIMO party secretary for the city. [Excerpt] [MB301347 Maputo Inter-
national Service in English 1800 GMT 29 Nov 82 MB]

PORTUGUESE MILITARY DONATION--The General Staff of the Portuguese Armed
Forces has donated 400 high-school level textbooks to the Defensé Ministry of
the People's Republic of Mozambique, according to a note of the ministry.

The books are in the following fields: mathematics, biology, chemistry and
physics. ‘They are to be used in secondary schools of the Mozambican Armed
Forces (FPLM). According to the same note, the books were donated in the
framework of strengthening relations, cooperation and friendship between the
People's Republic of Mozambique and the Portuguese Republic. [Text] [Maputo
NOTICIAS in Portuguese 8 Oct 82 p 3]. 11634

ABRASSO DONATION--The Brazilian Association of Solidarity With the
Mozambican People (ABRASSO) delivered to the AMASP yesterday 100,000 meticals
to support the Fourth FRELIMO Party Congress. The money was delivered to
the AMASP secretary general, Abner Sansao Mutemba, by the chairman of the
ABRASSO, Alvaro Simo, during a meeting held at the Francisco Manyanga
secondary school. The two representatives spoke of the work of their Be
respective organizations for strengthening relations of friendship and
solidarity between the people of Mozambique and Brazil. The ABRASSO chair-
man, who has been visiting Mozambique, left Maputo for Brazil last night.
The meeting between Abner Sansao Mutemba and Alvaro Simo was also attended
by Brazilian volunteers serving in our country and by residents of Maputo.
[Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 15 Oct 82 p 3] 11634

IMPROVED ZAMBEZIA MARKETING CAMPAIGN--Agricultural products marketed this
year in Zambezia Province surpassed by 18 percent the indices of last year
in“spite of difficulties due to lack of transportation, according to the
director of the AGRICOM [Agricultural Products Marketing Company] in that
province, Rodolfo Valensuela. The work of marketing and flow of agricultural
products is now done in some districts of Zambezia. These products. are:
corn, "mapira," sesame, sunflower seeds, rice, beans and copra. Some
10,030,399 tons of these products have already been marketed. Rodolfo
Valensuela told our’ reporter that large quantities of marketed products are
at fixed posts and cannot be moved due to the conditions of means of
communication. [Excerpts] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese.9 Oct 82 p 3] 11634

EASTERN BLOC BOOK FAIR--An exhibition of books from socialist countries will
be inaugurated tomorrow at the Mozambican National Library. The event, to
be opened at 1700 hours, will continue until 5 November, according library
director Joaquim Chigogoro Massassa. The Soviet Union, GDR, Czechoslovakia,

33



MOZAMBIQUE

GDR RADIO OFFICIAL SPEAKS ON COOPERATION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 16 Oct 82 p 8

[Excerpt] "Journalism is a decisive weapon in the economic development of
a country: In Mozambique we verified that there is a permanent link between
the journalist and the people in various sectors of activity," said Fred
Gunzel, the director of foreign relations of Berlin Radion (GDR), to our
reporter. Gunzel returned to his country yesterday after a working visit of
about 1 month to the RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique].

Fred Gunzel, who has been a journalist for over 30 years, together with his
colleague Ulrich Kunzmann, the literary consiltant of the radio theater
department, taught a course on economic journalism in Maputo for about 1
month. '

The course was sponsored by the National Journalists Organization (ONJ) in
collaboration with the Journalists Association of the GDR, and was conducted
withthe participation of professionals of various national information
media and persons from state organizations connected to the information
media.

Speaking about the course, Fred Gunzel said that he saw with great satis—
faction very friendly relations among the participants indicating good rela~
tions between the peoples of Mozambique and Germany.

"The course allowed us to have an experience based on practice which will be
useful for conducting other courses that will be given in the future. The
results were positive, considering that this was a first-time experience,"
stressed Professor Gunzel.

He added that during the course some working visits to some industrial firms
in Maputo were organized, which permitted German journalists to "get to know
the real Mozambican situation and the efforts made by workers toward the
economic growth of the country."

Asked about the results of the tests given at the end of the course, German

journalist Fred Gunzel said that "the participants showed great enthusiasm
for their profession and in this aspect the results were satisfactory."

21



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Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
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mation was summarized or extracted. ‘

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
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original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
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given by source.

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may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



SOUTH AFRICA -

BRIEFS

- LAND CLAIMS--Ciskei President Lennox Sebe -has hit out at South African attitudes
on the settlement’ of Ciskeian’ territorial claims,. Speaking at Ciskei's
independence celebrations,:.Sebe has’ accused the South African Government of
ineptitude, and says'Ciskei will never’settle for less than the full restoration
of the land of its forefathers. “A’Johannesburg afternoon paper earlier reported
that Sebe was expected to announce a large-scale plan to’end the chronic
unemployment’ in the Ciskei. ‘According to the report, the plan consists of
employing large’ numbers of people in: community projects, and paying them
subsistence wages... The report says the plan would be partly financed by

South Africa. [Text] [MBO41348 Umtata Capital Radio in English 1300 GMT
4 Dec 82] : :

cso: ~3400/390

45



The permanent character of the offensive does not materialize by decree. It
is a conquest--the result of the persevering and systematic work of party
leadership at every level.

It was already noted at the ministerial meeting held to review the second cam-
paign in the offensive that there was a correlation. between the strength of
the offensive and the establishment of the party.

"It is found that wherever the party is established, control over all economic
and social activities exists and shows superior growth. Wherever it is less
strongly established, the state apparatus does not. provide.correct leadership
for economic and social life."

The theses also. point out the need to strengthen party structures at all. lev-
els. This movement to dynamize the cells has already..begun. ‘The release of
initiative that accompanies people's discussion of the theses has. already led
to the solution of specific problems in several cases. .

This process of involving the masses in controlling their destinies constitutes
in itself the recovery of the offensive and the move toward regaining preemi-
nence and maintaining the initiative.

The actions of a small minority will not be able to extinguish what we are
achieving as our own way of fighting. The offensive. will never be "from a time
that has passed."

The offensive must be more than a sporadic. occurrence, more than’an event: it
must be a generalized style of work from top'to bottom. And in the very move-
ment that has..been generated. to. reconquer. it. by the internal enemies it is com-
bating, we find.proof of its validity and urgency.

The solutions to our problems will not be found “in. offices, textbooks, or the
inspiration from models in other countries. Our practice has already proven
this: the solution is in ourselves as we advance on our own paths--the paths
that the struggle has shown to be the only ones by which socialism becomes a
fact day after day.

11798
CSO: 3442/49

29



‘Under the chapter of funds for several socio-economic projects, the partici-
pants were informed that SOS-Sahel had secured funding to complete three water '
development projects for agriculture in the district of Tera (development
projects of Tera, Mehanna and Mare Tara).

With regard to the financing of water projects in villages, the Liptako 1 and
2 projects can count on funds to purchase 100 pumps of the Vernier type.

On the subject of financing two solar-powered pumps for Dargol and Bandio, it
must be noted that the journalist Paul Dreyfus and a reader of LE DAUPHINE
LIBERE will be visiting Niger from 19 to 23 October this year to lay the
foundation ‘stone of two solar-powered pumps scheduled to be built in Dargol
and Bandio. (District of Tera). :

8196
cso: 3419/89

38



The resistance's struggle is not one of the Sena, Ndau, Manyka, Shangane,
Ronga, Macua or Ajaua people alone; it is a struggle of Mozambicans, ‘and
the Makonde people are Mozambican. The resistance is present in the
Muéda Plateau, and it expects to launch the révolt against Maputo's
puppets, lackeys and their bosses at the first opportunity. . Victory
will be ours--of all Mozambicans.

CSO: 3442/63

24



u

accumulated over the years, things are not going too badly in a city whose
life revolves around its brewery--the very popular Gala beer--, its oil mill,
and the warehouses of Chad Cotton, whose thousands of locally paid salaries
touch most ofthe population, indirectly .affecting the large African family.
Factories and the agro-industrial center were strictly respected, even pro-
tected, when necessary, by the FAN.

With little fighting and a minimum of abuse, the south was captured under
conditions which spell an undeniable success for Hissein Habré; his African
peers cannot accuse him of making himself master of Chad at any price. The
calmness which seems to reign in the brush bears witness to this. The barri-
cades have been removed from the main roads, which are in even worse condition,
as they have not been maintained for 3 years. In Kamougue's time, there were
no less than 160 of them on the Sarh-Moundou axis alone; militias; gendarmes,
soldiers, and policemen have in turn levied their tolls on trucks carrying
goods and on brush-taxis ‘carrying passengers.

In general, the intrigues perpetrated by the "permanent committee" were more
or less equivalent--no need to say more--to those of Goukouni Oueddei's GUNT
(Transitional National Union Government.) in Ndjamena.- Over a period of 3
years, officials and teachers were only paid 2-1/2 months of salary and, three
times, indemnities equal to half.a month. Funds extorted from large companies
or collected.in the form of "taxes" ended up mainly in private hands. The
system was on its last legs; proof of this was the collusion the FAN benefited
from, despite its terrible reputation.

In Dobara, one of the'many villages along the western Logone, about 50 km: from
Moundou,. peasants have taken in relatives who fled the town, or "children"--
that is what young people are called--who were soldiers under Kamougue and
defected, apparently abandoning the military career permanently. It seems
peaceful there. On 26 September, a few blows of a hammer on a huge truck
‘brake drum announced that mass was about to be held in the very modest chapel--
bricks made of-earth, the:roof made of sheet metal and floor made of pressed
earth--built by the villagers. Everyone brings his or her own seat there.
People have followed events.on the radio. Some people fled from the village,
then returned. No one has ever seen'a "combattant" here.

Mass, spoken in n'gambaye, the regional language, is danced and sung to the
sound of a tam-tam. "We accept the man who governs well," says a catechist,
"so that all Chadians may go forward together."

There was "intoxication" in the south, as Ndjamena tirelessly repeats. Was
Colonel Kamougue on the verge of proclaiming a "cotton republic," which would
have precipitated the advance of the FAN and members of the FAT who had
rallied to their side? It is impossible to know now. The colonel was willing
to make a deal with anyone--perhaps even the Libyans--to hold onto "his"
south, and was obliged to flee when disaster overcame him. The people who
were formerly “eaministered" are obviously not easily reassured. They have
peen very frightened and they are waiting for. guarantees about their future.

This is still.apparent in Sarh, the second largest agglomeration in the
region, a city of 30,000 inhabitants, not far from which a sugar company,



JASPA MISSION'S REPORT SUGGESTS MEASURES TO OVERCOME ECONOMIC CRISIS

Harare THE HERALD in English 19 Nov 82 p 2

[Text]

‘ALTHOUGH it is one
ofthe poorest coun-
tries on the. globe,
Tanzania ‘has scored
remarkable  achieve- ©
ments in satisfying its -
people’s’ basic needs
for education, health

and water supplies.

Alt this has been accom-
since independence

in 1961 without sacrificing

economic gro

Yet today | Tanzania's
progress and its basic
needs strategy stand in
jeopardy, threatened by
‘an economic and financial

For advice on how’ to
overcome the. problems,
ern-

:the Tanzanian — gov'
ment: turned to the ILO

‘and its Jobs and Skills
Pro} 6 for ‘Africa
(JASPA). A -JASPA mis-
sion jointly headed . by
Professor Paul P. Streeten
of the University of |
Boston and Shyam B: L.
Nigam, Chief of JASPA,
visited Tanzania and the
mission’s report suggests
immediate and. long-term
measures to get the coun-
try out of the: present
crisis and back on .the

‘road to progress.

In recent years, TaD-
zania has been devoting
almost half of its regular
budget to meeting basic
needs. As a result, life ex-
pectancy has gone up
from 37 years in 1964 to
51 years in 1980.

At the same time,

00 growth until
1978 was respectable by
any _international stan-

46

It. adds: “The - basic:
needs achievements have
i also been brought about
without: a violent revolu-
‘tion and without sole re-
Hance on market forces by
the skilful opération of a

policy. .
“This demonstrates that
some of the worst fea-
| tures of poverty can be
eradicated at quite a low
income level, within a short
; Period of time, by ap-
propriate selective
government policies, in a
peaceful manner, and in
conditions of political
stability.” aA
But over the past five
years the onzanian
economy has suffered a
series of damaging blows,
including rising oii prices,

. Agricultural production
* for exports has declined,

‘The balance of payments

deficit has widened. In-
dustrial production has
gone down.

The country faces a-
severe shortage of con-
sumer goods. Budget de-
ficits put a financial
strain on the government
and ‘the economy is
threatened by growing ins
flationary pressures. }

In the ‘countryside,
where 85 percent of the
nation’s 19,3 million in-
habitants work and live,
regional services have
been immobilised to vary-
ing degrees because of
lack of petrol or lack of
spare parts for vehicles.

few levers of government”

TANZANIA



“. UGANDA

BRIEFS

SURRENDER OF LUWERO BANDITS--It is reported from Luwero that the district
commander's office has stopped any other business but to receive surrendering
pandits.. In a statement issued today, the district commander, Mr (Karema),
said every day, Saturday and Sunday inclusive, more than 100 bandits are
surrendering to him. He said he is telling them to join the innocent
‘citizens of Luwero and start working in their shambas and forget all.about
banditry activities. Mr (Karema) also congratulated them for having opened
their eyes and seen that pangas and spears cannot take over the elected
government of the UPC [Uganda People's Congress]. [Text] [EA022058

Kampala Domestic Service in English 1700 GMT 2 Dec 82]

cso: 3400/372

48



MADAGASCAR

JAPANESE COOPERATION AGREEMENTS SIGNED
Tananarive MADAGASCAR-MATIN 14 Oct 82 pp 1, 2

[Text] Three new agreements for cooperation between the Democratic Republic
of Madagascar and Japan were signed yesterday at the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs by Minister Christian Remi Richard and Ambassador Kazuhiko Furusawa.

The first involves a contract to supply 45,000 tons of rice to Madagascar,
concluded last March and thus implemented by one of the agreements signed
yesterday.

The shipment has already arrived safely in port. As is the case with most
trade deals of this type with Japan, the cost of around 4 billion francs will
be payable after’ a grace period of 10 years through payments staggered from
1992 to 2012 with an interest rate of. 2 to 3 percent per year. ‘In short, this
is almost a gift, since 65 percent of the sale price is registered inter-
nationally as official aid for development from Japan. An original form

of assistance. The normal price paid by the Japanese Treasury to the
Japanese farmers for the contract is triple the price proposed to the
Malagasy government, in other words 13 billion francs. Other similar
contracts for 28,000 tons of rice have been concluded in the past.

The second agreement involves a gift of 3,000.tons of rice, representing a
total value of 525 million francs. “The cost of transportation from Japan
to the Malagasy ports is being borne by the Japanese. A similar arrangement
has ‘already been made in past years for around 6,000 tons of rice. In |
short, as far as rice is concerned, since 1973 the Japanese Treasury has
given us close to 23 billion francs in assistance, representing some 80,000
tons of this staple of ‘primary importance to Madagascar.

Finally, the third and last’ agreement signed yesterday involves a 440
million franc credit intended for the purchase of insecticides by Madagascar
as part of the program to increase food production. Here again, let ‘us
recall that 3 years ago Japan made a gift of more than 1.09 billion francs in
fertilizers, farm equipment and insecticides. In other words, the agreements
“signed yesterday are extremely important not only due to their value, but
also and especially due to their usefulness to us citizens of Madagascar .and
to our country's development. :

11