to him, looking only forward. Let us make every effort, let us use all our
knowledge, be they in the technical, scientific, or intellectual fields, in
a positive sense of collaboration and not with the negative and sterile goal
of destruction. Cape Verde needs all those, both native-born and otherwise,
who live on its soil. Let us put aside all personalism and let us give all
we have and then we will have a country that will grow by its own resources.
J. Lopes da Silva. [Text] [Praia VOZ DI POVO in Portuguese 9 Apr 82 p 3]
5058

CSO: 4742/300

an



NIGER

BRIEFS

TORRENTIAL RAINS--Niiamey, 1 Jun (AFP)--Three people have died and several vil-
lages were destroyed in‘torrential rains at the end of last month in the
Tahoua area of Central Niger, Niger's LE SAHEL newspaper reported today. In
the sub-desert region of Abalak, the village of Tofanamer where the three
died, was destroyed, the paper said. A Red Cross team, in charge of rescue
operations, has gone to the region, about 700 kms (435 miles) north-east of
the capital, the newspaper said. [Text] [ABO11115 Paris AFP in English 1056
GMT 1 Jun 82]

cso: 4700/1303

35



MOZAMBIQUE

WARNING ISSUED AGAINST BELIEF IN WRITTEN INFORMATION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Apr 82 p 5
[article by Bonifacio Manjate]

[Text] "Indeed, because--well, it was in the paper, or in a magazine or a
book; it was somewhere in print."

It was something written somewhere: that's the idea.

Information comes not just in written form, however. It is also conveyed as
images (the theater, television) and also by radio. People are more likely to
believe it if it's in writing, though! Perhaps this is so because in a
country of illiterates anything in writing is in fact sacred!

The Nazi army succeeded in winning the initial battles of World War II by
means of a propaganda effort (leaflets and radio)--the types of media that
were more effective at that time than any other types.

Today, the multinational news agencies--the "news empire"--report what they
choose to report, in the way they choose to report it, with the aim of winning
the war.

Although we are fully aware of what is going on in our country and all around
us, many people in distant lands are dependent on whatever news is supplied
them (and the same is true with respect to the news we get from distant parts
of the world).

Someone who does not know any better might believe that "the Malvinas" are the
most important current event--at a time when Argentina is struggling with an
upsurge of domestic opposition and the "contact group" is resorting to every
possible strategem in response to the rejection by the Namibians of a spurious
independence: in short, at a time when the fatherland of imperialism is
attempting to promote the cause of an Angolan traitor.

Concerning the latter individual, the "news empire" attempted (unsuccessfully,
by the way) to make us believe--using malicious propaganda such as we have
mentioned above--that Jonas Savimbi was the best qualified person to govern
Angola since Agostinho Neto!



no clear policies because he has not realized that the Soviets do not want
the Eritrean question to end once and for all. They know what is good for
them: the Eritrean war is a lever with which to manipulate the Addis Ababa
regime, and they will not throw away such an important card because this
might mean losing their air and sea bases in the Eritream region.

Why do the Soviets supply such a large quantity of weapons to Mengistu if
they fear losing the bases? That is another story!

CSO: 4797/21

40



an “invincible army" and thereby prevent the political collapse of a strategy
employed since 1975 against the RPA and SWAPO.

On the other hand, we note that the silence (or, rather, the censorship) ap-
plied to all the South African information media--governmental or otherwise--
has recently been violated by General Klopper on three occasions when he
reported on the losses suffered by the South African army and colonists
residing in the northern part of Namibia who had been targeted by SWAPO.

Klopper's impromptu revelations need to be interpreted in the context of the
aggressive strategical policy of the Republic of South Africa, because it will
be necessary to ask Klopper why he is breaking this silence only now, after
the Angolan military authorities have pointed to the imminence of a new
attack.

Why did he violate the prior censorship, by disclosing the South African
losses suffered during one of the numerous attacks by SWAPO?

For the offensive that SWAPO is carrying out is not the first one. For ex-
ample, we know that in the attack on the base at Ruacana the South African
army suffered many more casualties than in the offensive mounted by SWAPO last
weekend, although the racist authorities never publicized the action.

Then why is Klopper only now presenting himself to the press as a "victim of
international terrorism"?

Klopper, Geldenhujs and Lloyd no longer impress anybody; and this may also
happen to Fred Bridgland and Silva Ramalho, respectively a British journalist
writing for THE STATESMAN and the Johannesburg correspondent of the Portuguese
daily TEMPO. On the other hand, everyone knows that Klopper's revelations are
artificial and serve to mobilize--and above all to prepare--public opinion in
the West concerning "the vigorous defense of South Africa against communist
penetration." All this, in simple language, means that the South African
racists--being unable any longer to justify the attacks against the RPA--have
decided to disclose some of the casualties they have suffered in Namibia, in
order to provide a motive for the attacks on Angolan territory. This has
already occurred the three times that the South Africans have attacked, and--
“casually"--Klopper's revelations were made only when the high command of the
racist army had completed its planning of a large-scale operation against
Angolan territory.

Simultaneously with the military spokesmen in Pretoria and Windhoek, the South
African radio broadcasting service also began to transmit statements by South
African governors and officials of the Namibian provinces who "submitted to
the West that South Africa must continue to defend Namibia from communism."
Logically, all these individuals are part of the game that Botha and Malan
have organized to give the green light to renewed aggression; for this is the
reason -~ only on the basis of this logic--that Klopper has admitted losses

in the fighting with SWAFO.

10992
cs0: 472/288



Mr Boyer said, apart from the language barrier, he did not see why | this could
not be done soon.

Prince Mabandla said: "It is a shame on us that after nearly 15 years of
independence, we still do not have a fully-fledged technical institution.

Even Sadcc will not develop much if we are to continue to rely on foreign
aid instead of making use of our resources."

cso: 4700/1302

50



in July last year. Adam wrote a report on the vulnerability of the tower,
entitled "Reconnaissance of the SABC/TV Transmission System in Auckland Park."
Themba took photographs of the TV transmitters and other installations. [Ex-
cerpts] [MB021307 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 2 Jun 82 p 5]

STUDENT GROUP--Polstu's progressive Afrikaans student body, will hold its
second annual congress in Stellenbosch between June 28 and July 2. Mr. Jan
van Vollenhoven, Polstu's national projects officer, said yesterday the theme
was "Prospects and Prerequisites for Peaceful and Fundamental Change in sa".
Speakers will include Bishop Desmond Tutu, secretary-general of the South
African Council of Churches, Prof Jan Lombard, a Pretoria economist; and
Nederduitse Gereformeerde theologian Dr Alan Boesak. Particular attention
will be paid to the proposals of the President's Council, the Buthelezi

and De Lange reports and the issue of multiracial universities. Invitations
had been set ‘to several black student bodies and Polstu expected that at
least 30 percent of the delegates would be black. Delegates would be housed
in hostels of the University of Stellenbosch. At their founding congress in
Pretoria last year, Polstu adopted several motions amounting to a rejection of
apartheid. [Excerpt] [MB021307 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MATL in English 1 Jun
82 p 2]

cso: 4700/1302

48



of complementarity. Because, after all, the trade unions and the government
have in their minds, the same objectives: the future of Upper Volta.

[Question] A question about Africa: Zaire has just renewed relations with
the Jewish state. What does Upper Volta think about Kinshasa's decision?
What is Upper Volta's stand on African Israeli relations?

[Answer] Zaire is a sovereign state and we believe that it has acted as such.
After the war between Egypt and Israel in 1973, African states adopted a stand
toward Israel. To the best of our knowledge, this stand has not changed much.

[Question] Mr President, what are your feelings about French President Fran-
cois Mitterrand's visit to Africa-—-to Niger, Ivory Coast and Senegal, in par-
ticular?

[Answer] We are happy about the visit of the French head of state to Africa
and we hope that on'that occasion, President Mitterrand was able to view
closely the problems of our subregion.

[Question] Mr President, do you share the statement by the current chairman
of the nonaligned countries when he defended Argentina on behalf of the
organization?

[Answer] We are partisans of peace and we have continued to ardently call

for peace. The conflict opposing England and Argentina is such that it is
necessary to see beyond their differences in order to work with both sides

in the search for peace. Upper Volta, as a member of the nonaligned countries,
shares ‘any action taken by the current chairman of the organizations, for a
just and durable peace between London and Buenos Aires.

[Question] In what spirit is Upper Volta attending the ECOWAS meeting? Does
our country have any particular |.question to raise?

[Answer] Well, Upper Volta is attending the Cotonou conference in a spirit
of the ideals of.a community because we believe that Africa' salvation lies
in subregional economic groupings. It is therefore important that the member
countries take part in this meeting with faith and determination in their
interests.

[Question] Mr President, do you have any statement to make concerning the
danger and’the crisis facing the OAU which has just marked its 19th annivers-

ary?

[Answer] As you know, Africa is currently passing through dangers that have
no precedent. Today, more than ever before, our continent needs more will-
power and determination ‘to overcome this crisis. But I have faith that
African wisdom will prevail and that the OAU will come out of the current
crisis victoriously. [End recording]

cso: 4719/1011

5h



The official unemployment figures do indeed still seem tolerable (7.3 percent,
with 5.5 percent among the blacks), but they do not include the hundreds of
thousands of workers driven back into the Bantustans, nor the equal numbers
whose presence in the "white zones" is deemed illegal. However, since the
annual rate of population growth is 2.5 percent, the experts have calculated
that the economy should progress by at least 4.5 percent per year to provide
employment for the new arrivals on the job market. Now the growth expected
for this year will barely reach 2 percent, and is likely to be negative in
1983.

The African trade union movement is indeed still very limited (involving about
6 percent of the active population), but it is already developing at a rate

of 50 percent per year. Just tolerated by the government since last year,

it has despite its youth evidenced a high degree of organization and com-
bativity. The number of strikes called in 1981 (342, as compared to 70 in

1971) was up 65 percent in comparison to the preceding year. The number of
labor days lost in this connection increased from 206,225 to 226,550 (up 30 per-
cent), including 206,225 lost by the black workers alone (up 39 percent),

and work was halted by half again as'many strikers as in 1980.

Led by government intransigence to use this unique channel of political expres—
sion, the African proletariat is gaining an awareness of its strength. It

is finding that strikes and boycotts can be used to demand greater social
justice and to protest the arbitrary arrests of its leaders, indeed the dis—
appearance of some of them while in prison, for example Neil Aggett, a white
trade unionist who took the side of the blacks and who was "found" hanged

in his cell in February (see our page 4 report), to combat the mass and abusive
dismissals by the most backward employers, in a word, to make themselves heard
by a regime which for its part denies the citizenry of its own country owner—
ship of the land, freedom to move about, and the right to vote. If the decline
in gold continues and the economic crisis becomes more acute, this might mean
an explosion.

5157
CsO: 4719/864

46



GABON

BRIEFS

BONGO RECEIVES VISITORS--Yesterday, the head of state received in audience
three persons. The first was the French ambassador to Gabon, followed by
Prime Minister Leon Mebiame and an emissary from the Arab League. The first
audience centered on bilateral cooperation between Paris and Libreville. The
two men also touched on current African issues, especially the Chadian crisis
with the FAN drive toward Ndjamena led by Hissein Habre. As for Leon Mebiame,
the prime minister, he went on to inform the president on the outcome of his
recent visit to’the United States. The third visitor, (Momouchef e1-Meh)

of Tunisia, an envoy of the Arab Leabue, was bearer of a special message from
the secretary general of the Arab League to the father of the renovation.
After the audience (Momouchef el-Meh) stated that the message concerns Arab-
African cooperation following the restoration of diplomatic relations between
Zaire and Israel. [Text] [AB021127 Libreville Domestic Service in French
0600 GMT 2 Jun 82]

cso: 4719/1012

18



SENEGAL

BRIEFS

THIAM TO SWITZERLAND-~Dakar, 1 Jun (AFP)-~Senegalese Prime Minister Habib
Thiam left Dakar this morning for Geneva where he is scheduled to address
the inaugural session of the board of directors of the UNDP. The Senegalese
prime minister will also hold talks with Swiss authorities before returning
to Dakar on Thursday evening. [Text] [AB011343 Paris AFP in French 1212 GMT
1 Jun 82]

JAPANESE FINANCIAL GIFT--The minister of economy and finance and the ambassa-—
dor of Japan to Senegal this afternoon signed documents on Japanese financial
aid. The aid worth 430 million CFR francs, is unrefundable and meant for
health projects. [AB282033 Dakar Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT 28 May
82]

DIOUF RECEIVES ARAB DELEGATIONS--Dakar, 2 Jun (AFP)--Three delegations—-from
the Arab League, the PLO and the Dar al Maal al Islami (an Islamic financial
institution)--are currently in Dakar where they have been received by Presi-
dent Abdou Diouf of Senegal. Observers note that these visits are taking
place shortly after Zaire's decision to restore diplomatic relations with
Israel. The Arab League delegation, led by Assad al Assad, deputy secretary
general, and that of the PLO, comprising Hammad Said Tarroub and Zoheir el
Ahwal, delivered messages from the secretary general of the Arab League,
Chedli Klibi, and from PLO President Yasir ‘Arafat. Contents of the messages
were not revealed. Prince Muhammad al-Faysal al Sa'ud, chairman of the board
of directors of "Dar al Maal al Islami," was also received by President Diouf
on Wednesday morning in Dakar. Prince al-Faysal al Sa'ud arrived on Tuesday
for a3-day visit to Senegal. It will be recalled that Senegal has already
made it clear that it has no intention of restoring relations with Israel

so long as that ‘country continues to occupy Arab lands and the Palestinian
problem has not been resolved. [Text] [AB021219 Paris AFP in French 1059

GMT 2 Jun 82]

cso: 4719/1012

36



NAMIBIA
Briefs
Namibian Churches Won't Join Inquiry
Population Statistics
Cholera Control
NIGER
Briefs
Torrential Rains
SENEGAL
Briefs
Thiam to Switzerland
Japanese Financial Gift
Diouf Receives Arab Delegations
SOMALIA
Mogadishu Comments on Somali-Kenyan Relations
(Ahmed Abdi Nur, Mohamed Umar; Mogadishu Domestic Service,
Radio Comments on Ethiopian Setbacks in Eritrea
(Ahmad Farah Ali; Mogadishu Domestic Service, 29 May 82)
Briefs
Clandestine Radio on Fighting
SOUTH AFRICA
Motlana Comments on Constitutional Proposals
(RAND DAILY MAIL, 1 Jun 82) ....e..eee se eeekoeee seeeeesees see
Impact of Declining Gold Prices Discussed
(Patrice Claude; LE MONDE, 15 Apr 82) ..eceeeseeeseeeeeeeeees
Briefs
Investigation on Human Rights
Labor Figure Detained
Benning Order Renewed
Three Sentenced
Student Group
SWAZILAND

Government, France Discuss Financial. Agreement
(Mashumitwala; THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 2 Jun 682)...... seeeee

3h

3h

35

36
36

3T

41

he

h9



MOZAMBIQUE

IMPORTANCE OF MILITARY COOPERATION WITH TANZANIA STRESSED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Apr 82 p 1
[Baitorial]

[Text] The official visits of the RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique] to
Tanzania are expressed in the formal vocabulary of protocol. The fact is that
President Samora Machel's trips to Tanzania, and President Julius Nyerere's trips
to Mozambique, have a worth that this vocabulary is unable to convey.

Geography cannot separate what history has so intimately united: the struggle of
two peoples, of two countries, that know how much it cost them not to hear their
own name spoken for centuries.

A bridge of unity has been so thoroughly constructed over so long a time that it
is no longer distinguishable from the parties it joins. Both sides are building
@ present that confirms and revives these ties of the past.

The most recent meeting between the two presidents (on 12 February, in Nampula)
consolidated this process. The decision taken at that time to increase bilateral
cooperation--especially in the economic and military areas--was based essentially
on the common interests of that past and of this present, namely:

a. The same concept--and practice--of nonalignment.

bd. The regional economic “uhuru" called SADCC [Southern ‘African Coordination
Conference ].

ce A desire to break with every form of dependency.

a. A determination to write the word "development" in letters that do not spell
"capitalism."

In both countries, imperialism is combining military and economic action in a new
attempt at destabilization.

In Tanzania, since the failure of the attempts at military subversion via Idi

Amin's Uganda, the destabilization effort has mainly taken the form of economic
subversion. The financial institutions, the banks, the capitalist centers that

29



ETHIOPIA

BRIEFS

"ADEN TREATY INFORMATION MEETING--The second information committee meeting of
the signatories of the Aden tripartite treaty of friendship and cooperation ~
ended in Addis Ababa today with the signing of.an agreement’ on mass media
cooperation and coordination. The agreement is within the framework of the
Aden treaty of friendship and cooperation between Ethiopia, Democratic Yemen
and the Libyan Jamahiriyah and the recommendations of the political committee
of the three countries. It is aimed at promoting and augmenting the role of
information media of the three fraternal countries in repulsing imperialist,
Zionist, reactionary and racist propaganda. The agreement was signed by the
information minister of the three countries: Comrade Girma Yilma of Ethiopia;
Comrade Muhammad 'Abd al~Qawi of Democratic Yemen; and Brother Abd al-Rahman
Shalgam of the Libyan Jamahiriyah. The three countries agreed to strengthen
information organs in-the three states and provide jointly the necessary
facilities to develop and promote their effectiveness. They also agreed to
exert efforts to dismantle the imperialist information monopoly and to con-
tribute their share toward the establishment of a new and just international
information order. [Excerpt] [EA290732 Addis Ababa in English to Neighboring
Countries 1530 GMI 28 May 82]

CsO: 4700/1295

15



GHANA

COMMENTARY. CRITICIZES DEAL WITH FIRESTONE
AB271237 Accra Domestic Service in English 1410 GMT 26 May 82

[Station commentary on the program "Let the People Know:: "The Transnational
Corporations and the Developing Countries"]

[Excerpts] The transfer of resources from the developing countries by the
transnational corporations constitutes one of the most blatant ways by which
most African, Asian and Latin American countries are [words indistinct] and
underdeveloped. The transfer of resources is effected through various means
including unequal trade relations, the repatriation of profits, dividends,
interests and payments of various kinds and also by dishonest dealing. In
this country, a significant number of people have been made to believe that
the foreign companies operating here are not allowed to transfer their
profits and dividends by the Bank of Ghana and that has created the impression
that there is not much transfer’ of resources out of Ghana by the branches
and subsidiaries of transnational corporations operating here.

We would want to point out that the transfer of declared profits and dividends
through the bank constitutes only one small aspect of the total wealth paid
out of our country by the bank. Other areas of such transfer include:

1. The payment of excessively high salaries to foreign personnel,
2. The practice known as transfer prices, and

3. Payment for patents, licenses, technological know-how and services for
management and planning.

Just a few weeks ago, for example, the workers defense committee of a sub-
sidiary of a French transnational corporation in Ghana revealed that top
foreign personnel were receiving fantastic sums in salaries and allowances.
In this company alone, thousands of cedis, part of which could have gone to
our government as tax revenue, are paid to top foreign personnel as salaries
and allowances of all kinds. This factor we have just outlined is carried
on in even more serious ways through the practice in which local subsidiaries
of the transnational corporation pay huge sums for patents, licenses, trade
marks, technological know-how and services and management planning and
consultancy to their parent company or other branches overseas.

21



[Answer] Concerning the Namibian crisis and apartheid, there is no threat
for the members of the Nonaligned Movement. What is dangerous is the prob-
lem which can separate us within the Nonaligned Movement. On this topic I
would like to have an exchange of views with my Gabonese counterpart; I
would also like to talk with him on the war between Iran and Iraq. [End

recording]

cso: 4719/1012

1T



are today still influencing Tanzania's underdeveloped (by them) economy, cannot
permit the success of “Ujamaa." They are accordingly using ooo
their powerful weapons to shackle our nation and provoke an internal crisis that
would leave the nation defenseless and hand it over for "salvation" by neocolo-
nialism.

Joint action to minimize the pressures exerted by this and other forms of
blackmail is accordingly one of the objectives of this relationship of comple-
mentarity--this new-type relationship that has already begun to be established
between Maputo and Dar-es-Salaam. The radical, total elimination of these
pressures will be the first accomplishment of the SADCC when all of its members
are functioning as channels for cooperation and development.

In Mozambique, the current military aggression from South Africa is an exten-
sion of the aggression initiated during the Ian Smith regime and is the domi-
nant expression of the imperialist activity, which also resorts unceasingly to
other expedients in its attack on socialism.

An exchange of experiences at the military level can be of mutual benefit to
countries confronted by the infiltration of armed bands whose aim is to sow
terror, unrest and disorder.

The current visit will revive and strengthen the profound motives underlying
this friendship, which never ceases to grow: namely, to convert the experi-
ence of each into the experience of both; to hasten the day when the attacks
of imperialism are crushed; and to pursue~-in the context of today's strug-
gle--the unity of history and the history of a unity whose ties are forged in
blood.

10992
cso: 472/298

30



CAPE VERDE

USSR AGREES TO BUILD COASTAL SHIPPING PORT IN SAL ISLAND
Praia VOZ DI POVO in Portuguese 9 Apr 82 p 7

[Text] This year, the Soviet Union will build a mixed coastal shipping pier
in Palmeira on the Island of Sal for fishing and general cargo according to
a cooperation agreement document through which that socialist country pledges
to grant Cape Verde a loan of 3.5 million rubles.

According to a source in the directorate general of the navy and ports, the
USSR has decided to build a pier which in the beginning can accommodate ves-
sels of 600 tons, during the first phase; plans call for expansion during the
second phase so that larger vessels can be accommodated. Before the final
project study, it is impossible to say precisely how large the pier will be;
but there is every indication that it will be approximately 100 meters long,
according to data supplied by the directorate general of the navy.

A complex for cargo, equipped with warehouses, small buildings for the admin-
istration, and a small cargo-handling area will also be erected in the port
of Palmeira.

The Soviet Union has promised to supply construction materials and to send
specialists in engineering surveys and construction. The first part of the
equipment for engineering survey work has already arrived in Mindelo, it was
announced; during the second half of this year, plans call for the dispatch
of the remaining construction material for the port of Palmeira, to be
handled by a Soviet construction firm--Tochnostroy [Tekhnostroy?] Eksport--
with which Cape Verde signed a contract under whose provisions the Soviet
side guarantees the survey work for and the construction of the pier.

The construction of the pier in Palmeira is part of the Ministry of Transpor-
tation and Communications' policy of building facilities in each main port
of our islands to accommodate loading and unloading operations by allowing
vessels to tie up there. An official connected with the pier construction
project gave us to understand that this undertaking will make it possible to
encourage trade on the national level and to reduce the transportation dis-
tances for cargo, something which sometimes reduces the cost and the product
prices.

5058
cso: 4742/300

12



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

ECONOMIC AGREEMENT WITH ITALY--Yesterday [22 May] the governments of Zimbabwe
and Italy signed an agreement aimed at increasing economic cooperation and
bilateral trade between the two countries. According to a memorandum out-
lining the terms of reference of the agreement, a team of Italian experts
will shortly visit Zimbabwe to help define priority areas of cooperation.

The minister of foreign affairs, Comrade Mangwende, signed on behalf of the
Zimbabwean Goyernment and his Italian counterpart, Mr Colombo, signed for
his government. Earlier the two governments also had signed a $21 million
agreement which will enable Zimbabwe to receive two generators for the Hwange
thermal power station. Comrade Mugabe told newsmen later that his discus—
sions with Italian authorities included possible assistance for Zimbabwe's
curretn program of seeking alternative energy resources. [Excerpt] [CA260543
Harare Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 23 May 82] A

cso: 4700/1302 END

56



Political and Military Situation in the Province

One of the newsmen asked the Provincial Commissioner of Mocamedes to give
his views on the political and military situation of the province. The
official declared that it is, in fact, no secret to anyone that the People's
Republic of Angola is the target of constant aggression on the part of the
regular army of racist South Africa, which is in the pay of imperialism--
aggression designed primarily to destabilize our economy and endanger the
gains already made by our people and by our revolution. "However," he added,
“the days of South Africa--just as those of imperialism--are numbered. We
are not waging war on South Africa, but they--the racists--are attacking us
daily. With respect to Mocamedes Province, they allege that SWAPO offloads
its armament in the most important port of our province. This is a malicious
lie, one of the machinations of the imperialist powers; for what we offload
in our port are foodstuffs and other goods essential to our people.”

After reaffirming once again the support which the MPLA-Labor Party and the
People's Republic of Angola are giving to SWAPO, the sole and legitimate rep-
resentative of the Namibian people, Rafael Sapilinha went on to explain to the
newsmen that . Mocamedes Province has not escaped the fury of the soldiery of
Pretoria, who. are violating our airspace to bomb economic targets and destabi-
lize the revolutionary process now being carried out. But," he insisted, “the
military arm of the Angolan people--the FAPLA [People's Armed Forces for the
Liberation of Angola |--stand firm, determined and vigilant, ready at any time
to give the proper response to the racists and their lackeys."

Before closing the press conference, the member of the party Central Committee
turned his attention to various questions relating to party affairs and the
successes that have been achieved. He said that the work accomplished had
been positive in nature despite the conditions caused by the continuing state
of war provoked by South Africa. And he reaffirmed once again that from the
Kamacuio to the Virei, the people stand with Comrade President Jose Eduardo
dos Santos, the MPLA-Iabor Party and the government of the People's Republic
of Angola.

10992
cs0: 4742 /288



GUINEA-BISSAU

BRIEFS

CULTURAL AGREEMENT WITH PRC--A cultural agreement and a protocol pertaining to
the dispatch of Chinese medical teams to the country were signed between the
government of Guinea-Bissau and China at the end of the official visit by
Comrade Nino Vieira, secretary general of the PAIGC [African Independence
Party of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde] and chairman of the CR [Revolutionary
Council] to that country. In the meantime, the Guinean head of state is ex-
pected in Bissau tomorrow. It is recalled that, before going to China, the
chairman of the CR had paid a friendship visit to the People's Democratic
Republic of Korea. On the last day of his stay in China, Nino Vieira visited
the wood processing plant in Peking, accompanied by Chinese Vice Minister for
Foreign Trade Gong Dafei; on that occasion he was warmly welcomed by the work-
ers. Accompanied by the same leader, the presidential delegation went to the
city of Hangzhou where it was received at the airport by Li Fengping, gov-
ernor of the Province of Zhejiang, and other officials. In bidding farewell
to the Guinean leader, Chinese Prime Minister Zhao Ziyang emphasized that "I
am convinced that this visit will facilitate the even better development of
our relationships of cooperation." President Vieira in turn said: "We hope
to intensify bilateral bonds in the political, economic, and cultural fields."
[Text] [Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 24 Apr 82 p 1] 5058

1

UN RICE PRODUCTION AGREEMENT-~An agreement for the development of a rice cul-
tivation project in Guinea-Bissau, worth $100 million (more than 3 million
pesos) was signed in Bissau between the country's government and the FENU
(United Nations Equipment Fund). A FENU delegation, headed by Mr Gagal Magdi,
executive secretary of that United Nations organization, has been in Bissau
since Wednesday to sign this agreement "which will permit a considerable in-
crease in rice output." Mr Magdi met on Wednesday with representatives of

the various ministries to prepare a progress report on projects financed by
the FENU and to determine future actions in the infrastructure areas of trans—
portation, communications, storage, and production, as well as other necessary
sectors in accordance with the priorities established by the country's govern-
ment. On Wednesday, the FENU delegation went to the country's eastern part,
accompanied by technicians from the Ministry of Rural Development; they
visited the rice experimentation and production project in Contuboel. The
delegation consists of Mr Mathieu Samake, FENU program division chief. [Text]
[Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 24 Apr 82 p 8] 5058

Cs0: 4742/300

27



GUINEA

IRAQI FOREIGN MINISTER BRINGS HUSAYN INVITATION
AB311351 Conakry Domestic Service in French 1245 GMT 31 May 82

[Text] His Excellency Dr Sa'dun Hammadi, the Iraqi foreign affairs ministers
who was Iraqi President Husayn's special envoy to the supreme leader of the
revolution, visited Conakry from 27 to 28 May 1982. During the audience
granted him by President Ahmed Sekou Toure, the supreme leader of the revolu-
tion, the Iraqi special envoy handed to the Guinean head of state an invi-
tation from his ‘brother and friend, President Saddam Husayn, asking him to
participate in the seyenth summit of the nonaligned countries in Baghdad.

On the other hand, Brother Dr Sa'dun Hammadi held fruitful discussions with
his Guinean counterpart, Comrade Dr Abdoulaye Toure, member of the National
Political Bureau and minister of foreign affairs. Their discussions cen-
tered on the international situation in general, and on the forthcoming
conference of the heads of state and government of the Nonaligned Movement,
in particular.

The two sides have agreed to pursue consultations aimed at ensuring the suc-
cess of the summit. At the end of his Guinean visit Brother’. Sa'dun Hammadi
asked our foreign affairs to express his sincere thanks to President Ahmed
Toure, the supreme leader of the revolution, for the warm and fraternal
welcome, as Well as the kind hospitality accorded him.

cso: 4719/1012

ab



ADB'S ANNUAL REPORT SUMMARIZED

INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

London WEST AFRICA in English 10 May 82 p 1259

{Article by Douglas Ngwube]

[Text]

Douglas Ngwube summarises the African Development Bank's annual
report which will be presented to the Bank’s Board of Governors at their
annual meeting, to be held in Lusaka this month.

THE AFRICAN Development Bank
(ADB) Group gave out in 1981 loans
worth $635.53m. as compared with
$570.84m. in the previous year, according
to the 133-page annual report of the Bank
which was to be presented to the Bank’s
Board of Governors at their annual meet-
ing held in Lusaka from May 3 to 8.
The ADB Group record lending, for the
year under review, represents an increase
of a little over 11 per cent over that of the
previous year. The Bank Group comprises
the African Development Bank (ADB),
the African Development Fund (ADF) its
soft loan affiliate, and the Nigeria Trust
Fund (NTF) which was established by the
Nigerian government and administered by
the ADB as a source of cheap long-term
development funds for poorer African
States. The membership of the ADB is
limited to the independent African States,
now numbering 50, and the ADF mem-
bership, now 24, mainly made up of the
capital exporting countries of Europe, the
Americas, Japan and the Middle East.
The report heavily underlines the Bank
Group’s development priorities which are
geared towards the conquest of hunger,
poverty and disease. That policy favours
agriculture, particularly food production.
In accordance with this policy, the ADB
group devoted nearly 29 per cent
($181.58m.) of its loans in 1981 to the
agricultural sector as compared with a little
over 27 per cent in the previous year.
Public ‘utilities got loans of over $132m.

(20.8 per cent) of the bank group’s loans in
1981; transport sectors $131.28m. (20.7 per
cent); Industry and Development Banks
$121.52m. (19.1 per cent) and education
and health $69.10m. (10.9 per cent). The
report indicates that low income member
states were given more generous consid-
erations in the distribution of loans. _

The projected lending goal for- the
period 1977-81 was fixed at-$1,320m. for
the ADB and well over $1,000m. for the
ADF. The ADF ‘went beyond its lending
goal for the period by about 1.7 per cent.

The Bank Group cumulative lending
jumped from $2,500m. in 1980 to $3,110m.
in 1981, for 536 projects: public utilities
(145), Transport (137), Agriculture (134),
Industry and Development Banks (83),
Education and Health (37). The report,
written with great clarity, went on to say
that “for the 1977-81 period Bank Group
cumulative lending totalled $2,480m. as
against $581.81m. for the 1972-76 period.
Group cumulative lending has thus more
than quadrupled during the current 5-year
planned period as against the preceding
planned period.”

During the year under review the Bank
Group co-financed a number of. projects
with the various Arab funds, the World
_Bank Group, the OPEC fund and so on.
Six projects were co-financed by the ADB
and ADF.

The re-organisation of the various De-
partments of the ADB Group and stream-
lining of the administrative structure are



Swazi Spokesman Responds to Kwazulu Leader
(THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 2 Jun 82)..

UPPER VOLTA

Zerbo on ECOWAS, Zaire, Falklands, OAU
(Ouagadougou Domestic Service, 27 May 82)..ceeeeeceseceeeeee

Iraqi Minister Sees Zerbo, Gives Interview
(Ouagadougou Domestic Service, 21 May B2) cc cececceeeecenees

ZIMBABWE

Briefs
Economic Agreement With Italy

51

53

39

56



CAPE VERDE

BRIEFS

MEXICAN, JAPANESE TUNA COMPETITION-~"This year, we will export almost nothing,"
said Ildo Fortes sadly; he has been factory manager, as he himself says, since
13 February 1943. "Will nothing be exported because of a lack of markets?"

we asked him. "Yes," he replied, "the United States is a good customer but

we do not have much of a chance against competition from Mexico and Japan."
Nobody is more. aware of the serious situation at the J.A. Nascimento Filhos

e Limitada fish canning plant than I1do Fortex himself; the plant is located
on Sal and belongs to a group of Portuguese who, it seems to us, are based in
Portugal. "There is much complaining going on about the lack of foreign ex-
change, the lack of markets, and this, that, and the other thing." Is there
no way out of this delicate situation? About 6 million escudos was the export
figure, estimated at 58,606 kilograms of fish, which the factory handled last
year and shipped to the United States and Italy, both of whom are the exclu-
sive customers of canned fish from J.A. Nascimento. The first export shipment
in 1981, to Italy, came to 36,406 tons of "gaiado," both fresh and in oil;

the second shipment went to the United States in the amount of almost 4,000
tons of fresh tuna; 13,000 tons of tuna were to be shipped to the Italian
capital last December. It was learned from a reliable source that 6,000 crates
of tuna, "gaiado," and "ilheu" are stored at this time due to a lack of foreign
exchange; this really is not good for an enterprise with a great outlook for
the future. [Text] [Praia VOZ DI POVO in Portuguese 9 Apr 82 p 7] 5058

DEFEATISM, CRITICISM BLAMED--To build--that is the slogan of the moment! But,
building must not mean merely putting one stone on top of the other to make

up edifices or blasting hard rock with dynamite so that man may build roads.

We must build in all fields and in all respects, from the material to the
spiritual. What good would the former be without the latter? So that we may
speak of progress, we must make sure that progress will reach all sectors. The
materially most progressive countries are those where the population has at-
tained the highest degree of development. The people of Cape Verde must under-
stand and get to feel the moment they are experiencing so that they may con-
scientiously do what is expected of them. Idleness, defeatism, destructive
ecritieism of those who work poorly by those who, in good faith, seek to col-
laborate in their country's progress--these are "crimes" which are difficult

to tolerate. Discouragement, the exaggeration of sensitivity to alien opinions
when one is aware of doing one's duty--these on the other hand represent cow-
ardice that is not suitable in conscientious human beings. If there is a goal
to attain, let us work without letup to attain it, each in the sector assigned

13



ANGOLA

OFFICIAL REVIEWS SITUATION IN MOCAMEDES
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 23 Apr 82 p 1

[Text] ANGOP--Mocamedes Province, situated in the southern part of our coun-
try, has a long-standing tradition as an agricultural area, principally in
respect to the growing of grapes and olives. In this connection a technical
project was established in conjunction with an Italian company which--to quote
Provincial Commissioner Rafael Sapilinha--"has not complied fully with the
provisions of the contract, so that our country is within its rights in
rejecting the cooperation arrangement."

This statement was made in the course of a press conference held by the
commissioner for Angolan and foreign newsmen. He also gave them a detailed
analysis of the current situation in Mocamedes.

Because of its geographically strategic position, Mocamedes Province is an
area of vital importance in the national context and even in the African con-
text, the member of the Central Committee of the party went on to say. "“Des-
pite the events of which we are aware," he said, "agriculture can prove to
be--in the next few years--a bulwark for this province."

Turning to the subject of the development of the fishing industry in the prov-
ince, Rafael Sapilinha Sambalanga declared that "in this parcel of our terri-
tory the production capacity of the industry is quite large and serves as the
basis for the supply of fish products to the provinces of Huila, Cunene,
Kuando~Kubango and Huambo--in addition to Mocamedes, of course.” The provin-
cial commissioner also disclosed that approximately 3,000 tons of fish meal
is currently in storage for export, principally to the People’s Republic of
Mozambique.

As regards the reactivation of the Bay of Tigres, an important fishing center
of the province, the commissioner said that “there are prospects for the
signing of a cooperation agreement, particularly with the Kingdom of Spain,
on the basis of the tests conducted by that country. In the meantime," he
added, “other foreign firms can also lend their cooperation, provided of
course that they respect the laws that govern the People's Republic of
Angola."



GHANA

CURRENT POOR ECONOMIC SITUATION EXAMINED
4B281935 Paris AFP in English 1842 GMT 28 May 82
[Report by Marc Pondaven]

[Excerpts] Accra, 28 May (AFP)--The economic situation in Ghana, which was
on the brink of bankruptcy when Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings overthrew
the civilian government of Hilla Limann five months ago, has not improved
in the meantime.

Ghanaians who welcomed the return of Flight Lt Rawlings enthusiastically
are now having second thoughts and rumours of plots against his military
provisional national defence council are persistent in Accra.

Flight Lieutenant Rawlings, who took over a state bankrupted by long-standing
negligence and corruption affecting every layer of the population, is now
faced with a situation in which the country's very (?survival) could be at
stake.

Since his arrival in power Ghana's new leader has taken no fundamental
economic decision, but has relied only on stopgap measures.

Inflation now stands at 110 percent annually. In a bid to slow it down the
government ordered the withdrawal of the country's largest currency note,

the 50 cedi, to cut the money supply (?ten) per cent. Money in circulation
quadrupled between 1977 and 1981, rising from 2,504 million to 10,582 million
cedis.

However the result was a great deal of discontent as many Ghanaians kept their
savings in 50 cedi notes, and the banks gave no assurance of compensation for
their loss.

The situation has been made worse by a considerable flight of (?capital) leaving
less to pay suppliers who demand cash in hand. Reserves are estimated at no
more than 30 million dollars, while the foreign debt (?stands at) 1,500 million
dollars.

Industrial production has fallen by 75 per cent, due to Ghana's inability to
import the necessary materials to enable its factories to function. From the
extensive gold mines only 12 tons were extracted in 1981, paradoxically
because of lack of currency to buy spare parts for machinery.

19



215125

JPRS 81008
9 June 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2636

990 71608661

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

»
oO
~



SOUTH AFRICA

MOTLANA COMMENTS ON CONSTITUTIONAL PROPOSALS
MBO11340 Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 1 Jun 82 p 2

[Text] Cape Town--The government would only negotiate settlement for all
South Africans once sufficient pressure was put on it from both inside the
country and externally, the chairman of the Soweto Committee of Ten, Dr Ntatho
Motlana, said in Cape Town yesterday.

Speaking at a seminar held by the Progressive Federal Party's Western Cape
Youth Branch, Dr Motlana said change would come, but only after the govern-
ment had been pressurised into realising that it had no other options open
to it.

"and it is not us to be blamed if that pressure from outside is violent,"
Dr Motlana said.

Commenting on the government's latest constitutional proposals, Dr Motlana
said "Those who had suffered with us over the years" should not join ‘the
“unholy alliance" between whites, coloureds and Indians.

"y don't know if white South Africans realise the depth of feeling and anger
at this continued rejection and relegation to the background. Every time we
are told rudely and arrogantly that we don't belong, yet we are the only
genuine sons and daughters of this soil.

“We find it mind-boggling that groups of immigrants who came to this country
a few hundred years ago, who stole our land, now seek to divest themselves
of all the millions of natives who helped create this land by simply calling
them non-South Africans.

Dr Motland outlined plans for "a democratic South Africa that blacks envi-
saged". There would be universal suffrage based on one person one vote,

and racism would be made a crime. Individuals’ rights would also be pro-
tected.

cso: 4700/1302

ke



statute to function as an autonomous organization. Moreover, we should empha-
size that its activities are prescribed and complementary in nature, covering,
for example, "questions of a practical nature relating to organizational
matters, the scheduling of meetings, and major political topics that arise
before or during a ministerial-level meeting or summit meeting of chiefs of
state."

It should be noted in particular that the Coordination Bureau also has the
function of “carrying out activities to coordinate those topics that the
chiefs of state--or ministers--of the OAU should study." The bureau--which
consists of the representatives of six countries (renewable annually), one of
which is Angola--shall terminate “its coordinative functions upon conclusion
of the ministerial meetings or summit meetings of chiefs of state" that moti-
vated the aforementioned activities on the part of the bureau.

Any other activity by, or convocation of, the aforementioned Coordination
Bureau is. invalid.

For their part, the defenders of this meeting in Nairobi say that it is merely
"an opportunity to exchange views among the interested parties concerning the
matter of the RASD [Saharaui Arab Democratic Republic ]." In response to this
assertion, we must say that it would perhaps be more useful--and more legal--
for the OAU to send its emissaries (as has already been done on other occa-
sions) to the countries involved in the question of the Western Sahara, with
a view to developing the proper conclusions at a later date.

The problem, however, is not merely the manner in which the meeting was con-
vened. ‘The real problem relates to the argument that this meeting in Nairobi
of the Coordination Bureau is being held to discuss the RASD, and that if a
special de facto ministerial-level meeting is to be convened an invitation
should also be extended to the delegation from the Saharaui Arab Democratic
Republic, which at the most recent OAU meeting received the minimum number of
votes necessary for its effective admission to that organization--a result
which has apparently once again displeased Morocco and its closest allies.

In conclusion, we can say that this meeting of the Coordination Bureau of the
OAU--"expanded to include the interested parties in a discussion concerning the
Western Sahara"--is an initiative without validity, an initiative which Morocco
ami other countries hostile to the RASD intend to utilize to annul the admis-
sion of that country to the OAU as an active member.

Clearly, the RPA does not participate in meetings that have no validity.

10992
c80: 4742/2868



ANGOLA

"REAL' REASONS FOR ANGOLA'S ABSENCE FROM OAU MEETING
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 23 Apr 82 p 1
[Hditorial: "A Meeting Contrary to the Rules," by Achille Iollo]

[text] The Western news agencies such as FRANCE-PRESSE, REUTER and UPI, and
the intercontinental broadcasting services, are focusing considerable atten-
tion on the progress of the meeting of the Coordination Bureau of the OAU now
being held in Nairobi. These organs of information, through their special
correspondents, have given much space to the absence of the Angolan delega-
tion. In some of these cases, this space has been filled with the customary
disinformation, transmitting mere opinion which does not correspond to the
facts. It should be emphasized that the minister of foreign affairs of the
RPA [People's Republic of Angola], Paulo Jorge, for his part gave an expla-
nation of the matter yesterday in Faris, in an interview given to Radio-
France-Inter (and monitored in Iuvanda) during which he said that the RPA did
not participate in the aforementioned meeting of the Coordination Bureau of
the OAU because such a meeting has validity only during meetings or conferen-
ces of the OAU at the ministerial level, or summit meetings of OAU chiefs of
state.

For the further enlightenment of our colleagues of the Western news agencies--
who lose no opportunity to publish "exclusive articles concerning Angola"--we
must say first of all that the minister of foreign affairs of the RPA went to
Dakar to take part in the Afro-Arab Conference of whose Permanent Committee
Angola is a member.

In the second place, it must be emphasized that the RPA is not participating
in the Coordination Bureau meeting, but not because it does not want to. It
is not participating simply because this meeting is not valid and because its
convocation is not in conformity with the Permanent Statute of the OAU, which
Angola respects.

The fact is that the OAU's Coordination Bureau is a structure that was con-
ceived in the first part of the decade of the 1970's but that did not begin
its operations until the most recent OAU summit convening in Nairobi on 28
June 1981.

To further inform the public concerning the OAU's Coordination Bureau, it
must be pointed out that the Bureau is still not authorized by the OAU



UPPER VOLTA

IRAQI MINISTER SEES ZERBO, GIVES INTERVIEW
AB212125 Ouagadougou Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT 21 May 82

[Interview with Iraqi Minister of Youth and Sports Mahmud al-Mulla in
Ouagadougou on 21 May. 1982 after conveying a message from Iraqi President
Saddam Husayn to Upper Voltan President Saye Zerbo~~recorded with questions
in French translated into Arabic and answers in Arabic translated into French,
processed from French]

[Excerpt] [Begin recording] [Al-Mulla] I have just convyed a special mes-
age from President Saddam Husayn to President Saye Zerbo»

[Question] What are the contents of that message?

[Answer] The message contains an invitation to President Saye Zerbo to at-
tend the summit meeting of the Nonaligned Movement scheduled to take place in
Baghdad in September 1982.

[Question] African Arab countries are facing a problem at present. That is
the resumption of diplomatic relations between Zaire and Israel. Arab coun-
tries are known to be very hostile to such moves. What is your stand?

[Answer] We believe that the resumption of the ties between Zaire and
Israel is contrary to the resolutions adopted by African countries and the
measures of solidarity between Arab and African countries, We regret that
an African country maintains ties with a racist country, Israel. [Bnd
recording]

cso: 4719/1011

5D



cannot be manipulated by means of cheap concoctions of baseless, lying prop-
aganda or acts of terrorism. This attempt to create hostility between Kenya
and Somalia is the work of countries in the Kremlin camp and will never meet
with any success. Acts of armed terrorism against Kenya are something for
which the SDR cannot be held responsible, because there are peaceful, neigh-
borly agreements between Kenya and Somalia. Among these is an agreement to
take joint action to apprehend anyone found committing crimes along the common
border and to repatriate such criminals. These agreements are currently in
force.

The Abyssinian regime and its allies have been trying for years to create
tension and hostility between the two countries, but Kenya and Somalia have
never gone to war. In any case, there is no country which is completely free
of terrorism. This is why Kenyan leaders should not listen to the cheap prop-
aganda broadcast by Moscow and Addis Ababa, propaganda which they alone spread.
They should not doubt our mutual agreements based on peace and dignity.

cso: 4797/21

38



wandering across the border, along with the smuggling of products and foreign
exchange. There is also cattle rustling, along with semifeudal clashes in
Cacheu, the isolation of the Bijagos Islands, the decline in the youth labor
force in the rural areas in Quinara, with the young people preferring to be-
come parasites in the urban areas, in summary, what Malam Bacai Sanha called
"the ideological crisis among our youth."

Most of the criticism as a matter of fact is directed at the mass organiza-
tions, the JAAC [Amilcar Cabral African Youth], the Women's Commission, and
the UNTG [National Union of Guinea-Bissau Workers], whose activities are
practically zero in the regions and in the workplaces in Bissau.

5058
cs0: 4742/300

26



SOUTH AFRICA

IMPACT OF DECLINING GOLD PRICES DISCUSSED
Paris LE MONDE in French 15 Apr 82 p 37

{Article by Patrice Claude: "The Drop in Gold Prices Threatens the Relative
Social Peace in South Africa"]

[Text] Johannesburg--A total of 614 tons of gold produced in 1980, only 655

in 1981 and perhaps 5 to 10 tons more this year if all goes as planned. Al-
though the veins are tending toward exhaustion--7.28 grams per ton of crushed
ore in 1980, only 6.92 grams the following year, as compared with more than

13 grams 10 years ago--and overall production is declining--that in- 1981 was
the lowest in 10 years--the white South African Republic still has a great deal
of gold, perhaps enough for 20 years. This precious metal is both the main
asset and, along with other strategic and rare ores, the best life insurance
for the Pretoria regime. .

White South Africa, the leading producer and main exporter of the yellow metal
in the world, has over a quarter of a century become accustomed to basing
life on those facts. The victim of the international situation and the lack
of foresight of its leaders, it is finding that it has let itself be lulled
little by little by "gold fever." Over the years it has taken on primary,
indeed vital, importance, in the gears of the economy, and if political fore-
sight is lacking, a further period of decline on the international market
might toll the knell of the relative social stability the regime has enjoyed
since the 1976 uprisings (which took almost 600 lives). ©

Adamant on the concept of sharing the power it refuses to extend to the

25 million blacks (including "independent" Bantustans), the regime, supported
by a majority of the 4.5 million whites, must, if it wants to survive for

some time longer, compensate for the total deprivation of three-quarters of
its population of any political rights by better integration of the "pariahs"”
in the economic system. Benefiting from relative prosperity, forced by the
requirements of the system which demands the constant expansion of the market,
and encouraged by the most "enlightened" large employers, the government has
more or less succeeded thus far in delaying the explosion of the "black bomb."

The distribution of the national wealth is indeed still far from anything
like equitable,* but in the urban zones at least, heads of African families

*According to a Rockefeller Foundation study, while there is an active popula-
tion of 11 million individuals, the whites (1.9 million) receive 64 percent
of the income and salaries. The average income of a black employee would

be about 300 rands per month as compared to 1,250 rands for a white, and 62
percent of the urban blacks (totaling more than 6 million) live below the
poverty threshold.

43



GUINEA-BISSAU

DIFFICULTIES ARISE IN PARTY ACTIVITIES IN PROVINCES, CAPITAL
Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 24 Apr 82 p 8

[Excerpts] "If we do indeed want the party to be the main force in our
society's development, we must make sure that each one of us will commit him-
self and will be vigilant against all enemy intrigue maneuvers and that we

get down to work, together, like the fingers of one hand," said Comrade Vasco
Cabral, of the BP [Political Bureau] and permanent secretary of the Central
Committee, PAIGC [African Independence Party of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde],
during a meeting held the day before yesterday and yesterday with party offi-
cials in the country's regions. One of the meeting's main topics concerned
the general political activity review in the country's interior and the urgency
of reactivating party dynamics among the masses.

Political Situation Normal, Mass Organizations Ready

Almost all of the remarks made by the chairmen of the regional committees
brought out the idea that, after 14 November, the party structures suffered
functional failures which is why they had to be recast on other foundations,
more captivating for the people. New censuses of militants were made and new
applications were processed.

Various base committees therefore are coming to grips with the shortage of
indoctrination cadres and the numbers of available militants dropped consider-
ably. However, the reports revealed that the political situation in the re-
gions is developing normally since the militants are proven to be very much
interested in party activities.

It is as a matter of fact not at all easy to come up with a general and overall
solution of all problems that beset the process of developing political-ideo-
logical activities in a country where we are still struggling with enormous
difficulties of a financial nature and even with manpower shortages and a dif-
ficult general economic situation. Food shortages and the difficulty in coming
up with figures on agricultural products are causing bad effects and hinder
the process of sensitizing and mobilizing the population.

There have been cases of negligence in Bafata and Gabu and in connection with
rice cultivation in the south. In the regions of the east, cattle are still

25



cso:

now beginning to yield positive results, in
various areas, particularly in the disburse-
ment of loans which in the past had been
sluggish with complicated bureaucratic
procedures. In 1981 despite the fact that
the Bank Group’s Unit of Accounts depre-
ciated by about 8.7 per cent as against 3.2
per cent in 1980, the total stood at
$200.13m. This represented a decrease of
9.1 per cent in 1981 as against an increase
of 27.9 per cent in 1980. The cumulative
disbursement of the Group maintained an
upward trend. It went up in 1981 to
$1,014.64m. representing an increase of
nearly 33 per cent of cumulative loans
excluding cancelled loans. The cumulative
disbursement of the Bank was $656.43m.
which represented 64.7 per cent of the
Bank Group’s cumulative disbursements as
against 68.4 per cent in 1980. Cumulative
disbursements of the ADF, which were
$330.71m. accounted for 32.6 per cent of
the total, compared with 29.2 per cent in
1980; while those of the NTF ($27.50m.)
represented 2.7 per cent as against 2.4 per
cent in 1980. J:

The disbursements of the ADF in-
creased from a $90.31m. in 1980 to over
$95m. in 198i, representing an increase of
5.3 per cent. Cumulative disbursement at
the end of 1981 stood at nearly $318m.
Tepresenting 24.2 per cent of the total

4700/1248

cumulative loan of the Fund.

The ADB loans disbursement of 1981 |
totalled approximately $103m. as against a
little over $110m. representing a decrease
of 6.8 per cent as against an increase of
12.3 per cent in 1980. Cumulative disburse-
ments amounted to about $638m. which
were 39.8 per cent of the total cumulative
lending excluding cancellations.

The loans disbursed went into more than
70 projects in most of 50 member states of
the Bank. During the year ADB satisfac-
torily promoted the establishment of Shel-
ter Afrique designed to assist the govern-
ments of member states in housing low
income workers. Kenya has been selected
as the Headquarters of the institution
which will become operational towards the
end of the year.

The Bank Group received a total of
about $7m. under its technical assistance
programme for consultancy and studies, -
which represents an increase of 20 per cent
over the figure for last year,

This year’s report brings to an end the ©
1977-81 action programme of the Bank
Group. Despite the current difficulties
facing the Bank with regard to funds, the
management and indeed the staff have
braced themselves to face the challenges of
the next five years with determination.



GABON

MOKHTAR ARRIVES, GRANTS PRESS INTERVIEW
AB021059 Libreville Domestic Service in French 0600 GMT 2 Jun 82

[Interview by Indonesian Foreign Affairs Minister Mokhtar Kusumaatmaja granted
to the Gabonese press upon his arrival in Libreville on 2 June 1982--recorded,
questions in French followed by translation into Indonesia, answers in Indo-
nesian followed by French translation--processed from French]

[Text] The Indonesian foreign affairs minister arrived on Gabonese soil around
0600 this morning. He was met on arrival by his. Gabonese counterpart, Martin
Bongo. In the interview he granted the press, the Indonesian foreign affairs
minister, first of all, defined the purpose of his visit to Gabon.

[Begin Mokhtar recording] I will say that my visit to Gabon falls within the
framework of Indonesia's friendship with Gabon.

[Question] by an unidentified journalist] Mr Minister, Gabon is not the only
African country you are visiting. You have already visited Senegal and after
Gabon you will visit the Ivory Coast. What can the African countries expect
of Indonesia?

[Answer] The purpose of my visit is to strengthen relations between our two
countries. As of now, our relations are multilateral, and I would. like to
know other fields in which we could cooperate. There is a lot of similarity
between our countries. For example, we are members of OPEC.

[Question] Mr Minister, Indonesia, like most African states, is a member

of the Nonaligned Movement, and the conference of the foreign affiairs ministers
opens today in Havana, Cuba. What are the solutions (?envisaged) by Indonesia
for the settlement of the problems of the Nonaligned Movement? Let us begin
in Africa with the Western Saharan issue which threatens to split the OAU

and Namibia which is of great concern f6%. African countries; in the Middle
East, there is the Israeli-Arab crisis to which it is difficult to find a
solution; again in the Middle East, we have the Iraqi-Iranian war which is
currently going on and, especially, Mr Minister, on the request for an even-
tual change of venue for the forthcoming nonaligned summit scheduled for
Baghdad, Iraq; this, of course, is at the request of Iran.

16

~~



UPPER VOLTA

ZERBO ON ECOWAS, ZAIRE, FALKLANDS, OAU
AB271533 Ouagadougou Domestic Service in French 1300 GMT 27 May 82

[Text] The head of state Col Saye Zerbo, left Ouagadougou this morning for
Cotonou where he will take part in the ECOWAS summit. Before his departure,
the head of state was interviewed by our colleague Jacques Prosper Basil:

[Begin recording] [Basil] Mr President, you are going to the ECOWAS heads of
state summit. What is the importance of your trip?

[Answer] You know that ECOWAS is a most important community and economic
organization which. groups 16 African states. I can say that, on the world
plane, it is the largest association of economic interests. You can see how
important it is to attend its meeting.

[Question] Reporting on national issues, some press agencies mentioned that
there is a certain malaise within the army. This malaise, according to the
same sour¢es, resulted in the resignation of 12 officers from the Upper
Voltan Armed Forces Council. Mr President, can you confirm or deny these
statements?

[Answer] As you know, the Upper Voltan Armed Forces Council met in accordance
with its regulations. Discussions were frank and open. Concerning the 12
resignations reported by some press agencies, we can say that this informa-
tion is baseless.

[Question] It has been mentioned that some commodities, such as sugar, are
becoming scarce. Mr President, do you have some comments to make on this?

[Answer] In fact, it has been noticed that some food items have become
scarce, particularly sugar. This situation was created by speculation which
the minister of commerce received directives to combat. You have also no-
ticed that the situation quickly returned to normal.

[Question] During this month, you received officials of three trade unions.
If you were asked to describe the relations between the trade unions and the
government, what will you say, Mr President?

[Answer] Well, I will describe them as very frank, direct and confident.
Our relations should not be seen from a conflict angle, but rather from that

53



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

RECOURSE TO PRIVATE BUSINESS--The sale of toilet soap to private merchants
continues to be a solution to the problem of distributing the soap stocked in
certain consumer cooperatives where it is not selling. The adoption of this
measure was in response to the prolonged storage of the soap that has been
the case in most of the cooperatives in the city. The consumer cooperative in
Hulene Ward decided to take the same measure as soon as its management real-
ized the amount of invested capital tied up in the large quantities of toilet
soap that have been in storage since last year. "We now have a total of more
than 50 cases of this product," store manager Helena Henriques Chifaz said.
"To find an outlet for the soap, the management of our cooperative decided to
sell it to a private merchant. This measure applies not only to Store No 3--
our store--but also to the other two stores. It should be added that the
toothbrushes of which we have had so many in stock for so long were sold to
the same merchant." [Excerpt] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Apr 82 p 2]
10992

MAPUTO POPULATION--Data submitted by Antonio Hama Thai, chairman of the Execu-
tive Council of the city of Maputo, at the recent meeting held with the Dyna-
mizing Groups indicate that in a period of 18 months the population of the
eity increased by 100,000. The census taken in the second half of August
1980 had indicated that the city of Maputo had a population of 750,000. A
year and a half later that figure had increased to 850,000, meaning that the
population of Maputo had increased an average of 5,555 residents per month, or
185 per day. Major General Hama Thai also furnished other statistics: in the
city of Maputo, for example, 22,000 persons are awaiting a response to their
requests for that housing. Of these 22,000 persons, 3,400 find themselves in
that situation because they were transfered, and the remaining 18,000-plus
requests are routine in nature. Hama Thai furnished these statistics to
explain the housing and supply problems of the capital city. [Text] [Maputo
NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Apr 82 p 2] 10992

cso: 472/298

33



NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

NAMIBIAN CHURCHES WON'T JOIN INQUIRY--Churches in South-West Africa/Namibia
have refused to serve on a board of inquiry into atrocities allegedly com-
mitted by South African troops. So says the president of the Catholic bishops
conference, Archbishop Dennis Hurley. Hurley says the reasons for this is
that South African security forces are themselves sitting on the board. He
says the churches would welcome an independent board of inquiry consisting
mainly of persons versed in law. Archbishop Hurley says he is released the
statement as a clarification in regard to the attitude of the churches in
South-West Africa/Namibia to the board. Earlier this month the bishops’
conference’released its report on Namibia in which there were allegations of
atrocities by South African security forces. [Text] [MB261440 Umtata Transkei
Capital Radio in English 0900 GMI 26 May 82]

POPULATION STATISTICS--The population of South-West Africa has been revealed
officially for the first tima in a bill introduced in the National Assembly in
Windhoek. The figure of 1,009,900.was determined during the census conducted
in the territory in May last year. The latest data indicate that since the
previous census in May 1970 the population has increased by 247,716. Accord-
ing to the latest:census the number of people in each population group is:
Ovambos--516,000; Kavangos—98,000; Hereros—-77,600; Damaras—-76 ,600; Whites—~
75,600; Namas--47,700; Coloreds—-43,500; Caprivians--39,500; Bastos [as
heards]--25,800; Tswanas--6,800. [Text] [CA270702 Johannesburg Internation—
al Service in English 0600 GMT 26 May 82]

CHOLERA CONTROL--The Minister of Health Dr Munnik says the cholera epidemic in
certain parts of the country is well under control and the spread of the epi-
demic from Transkei has been curtailed. Dr Munnik said in Cape Town that the
epidemic was on the wane and that the onset of winter would help improve the
situation. Since August last year 185 people have died of the disease in
Natal and Kwazulu while over 46,000. people have been treated. Dr Munnik said
the situation was still serious and last week nine people have died of the
disease. He estimated that about 500,000 rand had been spent in the anti-
cholera campaign and he said the Department of Health would continue in all
earnest to eradicate the disease. [Text] [CA270702 Johannesburg International
Service in English 0600 GMT 26 May 82]

cso: 4700/1297

3h



SWAZILAND

GOVERNMENT, FRANCE DISCUSS FINANCIAL AGREEMENT
MB020645 Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 2 Jun 82 ppl, 16
[By Mashumitwala]

[Excerpts] Swaziland and France will soon sign a financial agreement under
which France will provide assistance in the proposed northern rail link.

Under the agreement, France will also supply equipment to the planned exten-
sion of the Matsapha aitport, French ambassador, Mr Bernard Boyer, has said.

In a meeting with the prime minister, Prince Mabandla this week, Mr Boyer said
French experts had participated in the feasibility study of the proposed
railway and that negotiations for financial assistance were hoped to be soon
completed between representatives of the two countries.

Mr Boyer added: "On the cultural aspect, my government would like to make it
possible to supply Swaziland with French teachers, for there seems to be a
growing love for this language here."

In reply, the prime minister thanked Mr Boyer for the announcement of the
agreement soon to be completed. He agreed with him that time had come for
every nation to come as close as possible with their neighbours and other
communities. He said: "We all appreciate the different ideologies of the
various nations. But we should all come together under mutual cooperation
on matters affecting our people."

Prince Mabandla said he was concerned with the interpretation by other people
of Swaziland's foreign policy. "We have always tried to make it clear that we
are non-aligned but cooperate with anyone who wishes to be friends. We do
not exercise partiality and we believe in community development," he said.

The prime minister said relations between Swaziland and France would grow
even faster if the French were to establish an embassy in this country.

Prince Mabandla also made a plea that France should start supplying technical

aid and that Swaziland should be able to send her manpower for training in
France.

hg



Let us cite an example of this channel of exploitation directly involving
Ghana. Last year, the Firestone Corporation of the United States relin-
quished their 60 percent shares in a subsidiary in Ghana by selling the
shares to the Ghana Government. Six agreements were concluded in the
bargain with the then Limann administration. The result was that Firestone
was to be retained as the technological supplier and manager of the

Ghana company until October 1983. Under the management and technical
assistance agreement, Firestone was to provide management services to the
tire factory at (Bonsosu) and the rubber plantation near Tarkwa in the form
of three persons: a plant manager, a chief engineer and a plantation
technical coordinator. The cost of Ghana is an unbelievable $85,000 a
month! Just over the 3-year period of the agreement, Ghana will be
contributing $1 million to the profits of Firestone of the Unitéd States.
But Ghanaians will recall that this company was given a 10-year tax-free
holiday when it was first established here or, more correctly, when a
Ghanaian enterprise was sold cheaply to Firestone by the Government of

the National Liberation Council in 1967 after the overthrow of Nkrumah.
After enjoying this tax holiday, Firestone decided to leave Ghana and got
a favorable bargain to boot!

cso: 4700/1280

22



On a claim that King Dingane:'s grave is up to this day in the Ngwavuma area
because it is Zulu territory, Dr Msibi said Dingane died there as a refugee
after running away from his own people.

He stated: "There is no history of Dingane dying at his own kraal, and there
is no kraal that ever was for Dingane or any other Zulu king for that matter
in the Ngwavuma area."

During last week's meetings at Ngwavuma, the chiefs and their followers were
reported to have said they regarded themselves as Zulus and not Swazis.

They are reported to have rejected plans to return the Trans-Phongola terri-
tories to Swaziland. There is a population of about 80,000 Swazis in this
region.

A Kangwane politician, Mr David Lukhele told THE TIMES during an interview
this week that ‘the Ngwavuma chiefs wrote to him in 1971 asking that they
wanted to be included in the Swazi territorial authority.

The then chief executive councillor of Kangwane, Chief Mkolishi Dlamini ad-
vised the chief to join voluntarily. Subsequent to this, a faction fight
broke out in Ngwayuma and Chief Ntunja of the Mngomezulus fled to Swaziland.

The Matsenjwas and Nyawos in Ngwavuma were also forced to flee to Swaziland.

cso: 4700/1302

52



GABON

Mokhtar Arrives, Grants Press Interview
(Mokhtar Kusumaatmaja Interview; Libreville Domestic Service,
2 Tim 82) ceceeceececeeceenereceecees doce e eee ence eeeeeenee sane

Briefs
Bongo Receives Visitors

GHANA

Current Poor Economic Situation Examined
(Marc Pondaven; AFP, 28 May 82) ...

Commentary Criticizes Deal With Firestone
(Accra Domestic Service, 26 May 82) ......

Briefs
Vehicle Import Procedures
Drugs From Bulgaria
GUINEA

Iraqi Foreign Minister Brings Huseyn Invitation
(Conakry Domestic Service, 31 May 82) ssssseeseseeeeeeseeeeeee

GUINEA-BISSAU

Difficulties Arise in Party Activities in Provinces, Capital
(NO PINTCHA, 24 Apr 82) .esceeeeeceeecrcereeeeeesceeseereeees

Briefs
Cultural Agreement With PRC
UN Rice Production Agreement
MADAGASCAR
Briefs

PRC Medical Mission
MOZAMBIQUE

Importance of Military Cooperation With Tanzania Stressed
(Editorial; NOTICIAS, 28 Apr 82) ...cesseceeseeeesseees weeeee

Warning Issued Against Belief in Written Information
(Bonifacio Manjate; NOTICIAS, 28 Apr 82) scceecesceeeccveceee

Briefs
Recourse to Private Business
Maputo Population

16

18

19

al

23
23

ak

25

27
2T

28

31

33
33


SOMALIA

BRIEFS

CLANDESTINE RADIO ON FIGHTING—The Western Somalia Liberation Front [WSLF]
freedom fighters [words indistinct] in which six Abyssinian soldiers were
killed and many others wounded. The gallant WSLF fighters also captured

10 AK rifles and other weapons from the enemy. Two martyrs were lost in the
battle and three others were wounded. In another incident, which took place
on 27 May, the gallant WSLF fighters killed five Abyssinian black colonialist
soldiers and wounded many others. Two WSLF martyrs lost their lives in this
clash that took place near the town of (?Fiambero). [Text] ][EA021520 (Clan-
destine) Voice of Western Somali and Abo Liberation Fronts in Somali to
Western Somalia 0930 GMT 2 Jun 82]

cso: 4797/21

AL



SOMALIA

RADIO COMMENTS ON ETHIOPIAN SETBACKS IN ERITREA

EA292306 Mogadishu Domestic Seryice in Somali 1700 GMT 29 May 82

[Ahmad Farah Ali (Idhaja) commentary]

such campaign--the Mengistu regime earmarked 120,000 soldiers for the campaign
armed with the latest weaponry delivered to the regime by the Soviets. Also

on hand were leading Soviet military advisers. The Ministry of Defense was
moved to Asmara.

j
[Excerpt] At the start of the Red Star campaign—-which is actually the sixth

The Soviets donated MiG-21 and MiG-23 aircraft, T-54 and T-55 tanks and a large
quantity of missiles. The Soviets also donated 'a large quantity of 120- and
155-mm fieldguns with Antonov transports to carry troops to the front.

Libya and South Yemen wantonly and foolishly aided the obstinate regime led
by Mengistu. Al-Qadhdhafi donated $80 million; Libya also donated three ships
and three C-30 Hercules to the campaign.

South Yemen's role in the campaign was to strike at the strategic posts of
the liberation fronts from the sea, logistical supply between Massawa and
Dahlak, and flying the MiG's provided by the Warsaw Pact countries to wipe
out the Eritrean people.

Although the regime used every weapon at its disposal it still suffered great
setbacks. As reported by the London SUNDAY TIMES, the regime used nerve gas
which is prohibited by international agreements.

From 12 February to the end of April, 1982, the gallant forces of Eritrea
either killed, wounded or captured 37,000 soldiers and captured 8,600 pieces
of assorted military hardware. The Eritrean forces shot down 10: MiG-21,
MiG-23 aircraft and destroyed countless tanks, vehicles and other military
hardware. The front's spirit and morale are higher today than at the begin-
ning of the campaign.

Mengistu's regime is harnessed to the Kremlin and may have to launch a

seventh campaign against the Eritrean people. Mengistu is unfortunate be-
cause his existence as a leader depends on the whim of the Soviets. He has

39



ANGOLA.

BRIEFS

GDR EDUCATIONAL DELEGATION--A delegation from Humboldt University (German
Democratic Republic) headed by its rector, Professor Dr Helmut Klein, has been
in the Angolan capital since yesterday. This university delegation from the
GDR will remain here 1 week, and has come in response to an invitation from
the rector of our university and the vice minister of education for higher
education. The German delegation was greeted on its arrival by Joao Filipe
Martins, rector of the University of Angola; by the ambassador of the German
Democratic Republic’ to our country; and by members of the faculty of the
University of Angola. [Text'] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 22 Apr
82 p2] 10992

cso: 472/288



SWAZILAND

SWAZI SPOKESMAN RESPONDS TO KWAZULU LEADER
MB020657 Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 2 Jun 82 pp 1, 16

[Text] In a bitter attack on Kwazulu leader Gatshe Buthelezi, the official
spokesman for the Swazi nation yesterday set the record straight on the border
adjustment issue.

The Kwazulu leader last week took his entire cabinet, legislative assembly and
a contigent of South African journalists to a series of meetings in the
Ngwavuma area.

In the meetings, the chiefs of the Matsenjwa, Mngomezulu. Nyawo and Tembe
are reported to have expressed their loyalty to the Kwazulu homeland admin-
istration. ,

But yesterday, Swaziland, through a statement by Dr George Msibi, gave facts
of the matter.

In a hard-hitting response Dr Msibi accused Buthelezi of intimidating the
chiefs and people in the Ngwavuma area.

He challenged Gatsha to complete his itinerary of the Ngwavuma with a visit
to Ndzevane where, he said, over 15,000 people who fled from the Buthelezi-
inspired terror are now settled as refugees.

Dr Msibi also challenged the Kwazulu leader to tell the world about the shoot—-
ings and killings he (Gatsha) conducted when he "tried to force and subject
our people to his Bantustan plan."

"We cannot blame you Gatsha for, you had been slavishly pushing the Bantustan
plans of your masters. But alas! It is your masters who, now in the face of
reality would like to undo those plans," said Dr Msibi.

He charged: "You were given and you received the land you knew full well
never belonged to Natal or Zululand."

Dr Msibi said all the Swazi chiefs in the Ngwavuma including the Tembes never

fought in the Zulu wars. Ngwanazi, Mbikiza, Mtshelekwane and Sambane were
never part of Natal or Zululand.

51



TO

The Western military attache said the defense force was keen to acquire a
helicopter squadron mainly for search-and-rescue use, but faced a problem of
lack of trained mechanics and pilots.

Brigadier Khama, in a visit last month to neighbouring Zimbabwe, told the
national newspaper the Herald that South Africa was violating Botswana air

space and sending “agents” into the country to kidnap exiled black political
dissidents.

cso: 4700/1248

11



JPRS 81008
9 June 1982
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
No. 2636
ConTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
ADB'S Annual Report Summarized
(Douglas Ngwube; WEST AFRICA, 10 May 82) ..sseeeeecceeeeeeeeeee 1
ANGOLA
Official Reviews Situation in Mocamedes .
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 23 Apr (5 ) 3
'Real'Reasons for Angola's’ Absence From OAU Meeting
(Editorial; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 23 Apr 82)... ee ee see se edeee 5
Why South Africa is Admitting Losses in Namibia
(Achille Lollo; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 22 Apr 82)....++-eeeeeeeee T
Briefs
GDR Educational Delegation 9
BOTSWANA
U.S.-, Soviet-Made Armour Displayed
(AFRICA AFP, 4 May 82) ...-..+00 10
CAPE VERDE
USSR Agrees To Build Coastal Shipping Port in Sal Island
(VOZ DI POVO, 9 Apr 82) .seceeeeesceeeeees beeen cece reece eens 12
Briefs
Mexican, Japanese Tuna Competition 13
Defeatism, Criticism Blamed 13
ETHIOPIA
Briefs
"Aden Treaty Information Meeting 15
-a- (III - NE & A - 120]



To return to our everyday affairs: our people (and not just ours alone) tend
to believe religiously whatever appears.in writing. That is not a bad thing,
inasmuch as here the news is presented to serve the interests of the majority.

The newspapers, the radio, magazines, television: their function is to report
the news. But what kind of news? Is it to be whatever suits those who have

the power to give us whatever image of the world they choose to give us, with

the aim of winning the political war, the economic war, and so forth?

No. Absolutely not.

What is of concern to us (to us and to all peoples) is information that will
serve uS as a weapon for combat--but just because it appears in print does not
mean it is an idol to be worshiped.

Let us stop saying, “indeed, because it was in print," and begin to know the
truth so that we will be able to think critically.

10992
cso: 4742/298

32



Normal gold production in previous years was some 60 tons annually, placing
Ghana third in the world behind South Africa and the Soviet Union.

The gold situation is not unique in a country which potentially is one of
the richest in Africa. Not one vehicle has been assembled in one of the
37 car and truck plants because of a lack of spares.

When Flt-Lt Rawlings took power Ghanaians hoped for a rapid improvement in
the situation. They were:promised radical measures to change mentalities,
get the country back to work and get rid of corruption, but now they are
becoming extremely skeptical of the chances of the new regime succeeding.

Finance and Economic Planning Minister Kwessi Botchway was only appointed

on May 11, almost four months after other ministers. The country has no
budget, and imports have only just resumed at a trickle after being suspended
until the end of April.

Business circles are also worrying about "revolutionary options." Several of
the new leaders’ have already been to Libya, East European countries and Cuba.

Businessmen accuse the people's defence committees established with the right
to demand explanations from company directors on their management of abusing
their powers, and say some European heads of firms have. been forced to leave
Ghana as a result.

Flight-Lieutenant Rawlings has frequently spoken of hard times ahead, without
specifying their length. He has said priority will go to agriculture and
national resources and declared himself willing to [words indistinct] any other
country if it is to Ghana's advantage.

However, the failure to produce immediate results and increasing shortage at
all levels--diplomats now frequently travel 200 kilometres (125 miles) to
Lome in Togo to shop--are producing general disenchantment among the popula-
tion, allied with rumors of plots against Flt Lt Rawlings, who lives heavily
guarded in the military base of Burma camp.

Last week heavy firing was reported from Kumasi, the country's second city
and capital of the central region, home of the Ashanti people. Witnesses

said the shooting, which lasted two hours was between the army and military
cadets.

cso: 4700/1280

20



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



who have jobs succeed in feeding their households more or less properly. Thanks
to the boom in the past 3 years, a black middle class, still of limited size,
has seen the dawning of development. The explosion which would be likely

to occur if the system could no longer guarantee the monthly wages of all

these "privileged" persons, regarded as a "buffer" between the groups of im-
poverished nonwhites and the upper classes, basically of European origin,

can readily be imagined. Now the dizzying downward spiral of gold prices has
on the one hand considerably weakened the resources of the regime, while on

the other, it has hindered economic growth to the point that it might be nega-
tive next year.

Back to the Rich Veins

"Rach drop of $10 in the price of gold per ounce means that we lose 200 million
rands in foreign exchange and deprives the treasure of 100 million in taxes,"
Minister of Finance Owen Horwood admitted recently. Now the average price

of gold per ounce (31.1 grams) was $613 in 1980, $461 the following year and
stands at only $320 today. For a good dozen mines, of which eight are already
surviving “only thanks to modified government aid, this last price represents
a threshold below which they would have to merge with others or temporarily
suspend their activities. The large groups, which thanks to rising prices

had abandoned rich deposits to exploit poorer ores, are being forced today

to return at great cost to veins with a higher content.

Their profits before taxes dropped by a third in 1981, and if the prices do
not speedily rise to about $500 per ounce, the recession might speed up, even
more rapidly since the uranium and diamond markets are also depressed. In
fact, for the fiscal period just beginning (April 1982-March 1983), despite
the imposition of a 5- to 15-percent surtax on future mining profits, the
government budgeted no more than 900 million rands (1 rand equals 6 francs)
by way of taxes and duties to be collected from this sector. For the 1980-
1981 fiscal period, this same sector yielded 3.5 billion in budget resources,
and a little more than 2 billion the following year!

The government has admitted that the extent of the international decline in
prices took it by surprise. Deprived of a substantial part of its mining
receipts (which accounted for a quarter of the total income in 1981, as com-
pared to only 5.5 percent 10 years earlier), the state reacted by limiting
expenditures and increasing its other resources. The general tax on sales,
imposed on almost all goods and services in South Africa, was increased by

a quarter at the beginning of March (5 percent instead of 4 percent); the
rates for public services (transportation, postal services, low-income housing
rentals, etc) have been increased by 15 to 25 percent in these recent months;
gasoline prices have just undergone a new increase of 5 percent (a liter of
high-test costs a little more than 4 French francs). Subsidies for goods

of first necessity, basically consumed by the blacks, have been reduced or
eliminated. And finally, individual citizens, like businessmen, have been
"invited" to underwrite a compulsory state loan in the amount of 5 percent

of their taxes. In short, the budget for the present fiscal period submitted
to the parliament just recently (LE MONDE, 28-29 March) is more or less in
balance.

Ay



MADAGASCAR

BRIEFS

PRC MEDICAL MISSION--The fourth Chinese medical mission, 35 members strong,
arrived in Tananarive yesterday. This mission is headed by Dr Zhan Twin Ming.
The team will take over in Mahitsy, replacing the third mission group headed
by Dr Wu Wen Ki. In fact, this latter team, which has completed its 2-1/2
year contract, will return to the People's Republic of China shortly, before
being assigned to a new mission by its government. This fourth mission, which
was welcomed at Ivato by Minister of Health Dr Jean-Jacques Seraphin and
Health and Medical Services Director Paul Randimbivahiny, includes two former
members of the Ambovombe medical team. They are the team interpreter and

the general physician. We asked Dr Wu Wen Ki about his impression of his
team's stay in Madagascar. His response was as follows: "The concern and
support of the government and the people of Madagascar helped us greatly in
our work. We labored as we do in the People's Republic of China, and I think
that our successors will do as much, in view of the hospitality evidenced

by the Malagasy people." [Text][Tananarive MADAGASCAR-MATIN in French 21 Apr 82
p 1) 5157

cso: 4719/864

28



SOMALIA

MOGADISHU COMMENTS ON SOMALI-KENYAN RELATIONS
EA021954 Mogadishu Domestic Service in Somali 1115 GMT 2 Jun 82
[Commentary read by Ahmed Abdi Nur and written by Mohamed Umar (Kayre)] |

[Text] The regimes in Moscow and Addis Ababa have been concocting baseless
lies and propaganda aimed at creating friction between the two neighboring
states of Somali and Kenya. Although it is know that political relations
between Somali and Kenya, as neighbors, are cordial, it is felt that Russia
is trying hard to drag Somalia and Kenya into its camp so that they make take
orders from Moscow. But this has not happened yet. The two countries are op-—
posed to Russia's expansionist policiesin Africa to the presence of foreign
forces in the Horn of Africa and to colonialism in whatever form is might
take. They are working together to safeguard and protect peace and stability
in the continent.

The Abyssinian regime has been trying to disrupt peace in the Somali Demo-—
cratic Republic for many years; Abyssinian forces have committed acts of
naked provocation and aggression against the SDR. However, in spite of this
they have failed to establish a foothold on Somali soil. Although the
Abyssinian regime called in the assistance of foreign forces from outside the
African continent, this did not. help the Addis Ababa regime to achieve its
aims of disrupting peace in the SDR. And now they are working very hard to
spread fire between two peoples of this region, the peoples of Kenya and
Somalia.

In the past few weeks, there have been talks of armed bandits causing chaos
and murder in Kenya. The questions to be asked are: Who were these people?
Have they been captured? Who saw them commit their heinous crimes? Why is it
that only rapid Moscow interferes in African affairs? It is crystal clear
that these people were sent from countries outside Kenya and Somalia to create
chaos and tension in Kenya so that Moscow and Addis Ababa could launch their
propaganda to the effect that Shifta bandits were attacking Kenya. It is
crystal clear that they are laying treacherous schemes to bring the neigh-
boring states of Kenya and Somalia into confrontation.

Moscow's political plans and designs for this region are known to the world
at large, especially to Africa. The political policies of Kenya and Somalia

37



GHANA

BRIEFS

VEHICLE IMPORT PROCEDURES--The licensing of vehicles is to be decentralized
with efféct from the 4th of this month. Persons who have (?brought) vehicles
into the country can now clear them at the ports. However, before any
vehicle is cleared, the papers must be finally checked by the officer in
charge of vehicle licensing at the ports for any violation of existing
regulations. A statement by the provisional national defense council said
those whose vehicles are discharged at the Takoradi Harbor will have to clear
the papers with the naval officer in charge of the vehicle division. It asked
all licensing officers in the regional capital to reorganize themselves for
the efficient registration of vehicles. [Text] [AB010819 Accra Domestic
Service in English 0700 GME 1 Jun 82]

DRUGS FROM BULGARIA--Bulgaria is to airlift drugs worth 82,500 cedis to Ghana
by the end of this month to improve the drug situation in the hospitals. This
was disclosed by the Bulgarian ambassador to Ghana, Mr Kostadin Gyaurov, during
a courtesy call on the greater Accra regional secretary, Mr Atukewei Okai,

in Accra. He said Bulgaria is prepared to increase credits to Ghana and to
help in the PNDC's [Provisional National Defense Council] agricultural efforts.
The country is also ready to increase its scholarship awards to Ghanaians.

The ambassador announced that Bulgaria is prepared to foot all bills for the
Ghana Embassy in Sofia for 3 years if the PNDC decides to reopen the embassy.
This would ensure that no financial burden is placed on Ghana's economy

during 3 years. Replying, Mr Atukewei Okai said Ghanaians will be inspired

by the faith Bulgaria has demonstrated in the country's ability to overcome
her problems. Ghanaians, as he put it, have now realized that they are all
shareholders in the country and so, whatever effort they put in will yield
fruits for all. [Text] [AB280845 Accra Domestic Service in English 0700 GMT

28 May 82]

cso: 4700/1280

23



ANGOLA

WHY SOUTH AFRICA IS ADMITTING LOSSES IN NAMIBIA.
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 22 Apr 82 p 1
[article by Achille Lollo: “Revelations by General Klopper"]

[text] Iast month the RPA [People's Republic of Angola] in Paris revealed
the fact that a new strategy of aggression against the sovereign territory of
Angola has been set in motion. Moreover, Lieutenant Colonel N'Gongo--in three
European capitals (London, Bonn and Brussels)--informed the public in those
nations of the offensive that the racists were preparing. lIastly, the Minis-
try of Defense of the RPA announced on 5 April of this year that air attacks
had been carried out on Mulondo and Capelongo.

All this serves to demonstrate that the South African enemy is maintaining his
operational stance and is ready to launch new raids against Angolan territory,
in particular when the international talks concerning the Namibian question
are occupying the attention of the world community. It was no accident that
every time the representatives of the so-called "Contact Group" were in Luanda
to present their own proposals, Pretoria's helicopters and Mirages on the
Cunene returned to attack the positions of the FAPLA.

This is a fact that is self-evident. It can also be said that during the 8
months of the war of aggression, in all of the interviews given at the Operet
command post, neither General Klopper, chief of staff of the South African
army, norGens Charles Lloyd and Geldenhujs, officers of the high command in
Namibia, ever announced to the press that they had suffered casualties in the

-fighting with the FAPLA on the Cunene.

The fact is, however, that there were casualties: pilots, tank drivers, non-
commissioned officers on reconnaissance missions, et cetera, et cetera--
losses that General Klopper never announced, justifying this so-called "invul-
nerability of the South African soldiers" on grounds that no bodies of any
dead personnel were found.

We can also say that the military and political authorities in Pretoria have
never announced, with any regularity, the casualties suffered during the
fighting and the attacks that SWAPO has carried out in Namibia.

The "silence/censorship" of the South Africans has always been a psychological
weapon that the "Military Intelligence Division” has used.to perpetuate--in the
eyes of the South Africans themselves and their Western allies--the image of



Threat of Recession

The majority of the measures announced, added to the removal of controls on

the prices of certain products on which prices were previously fixed (bread,
construction materials, etc), the chronic inadequacy of the production capacity
(fully utilized), monetary growth still under poor control (+34 percent in
1981), and a lack of skilled manpower due to the very structures of apartheid
(a third of the active population has received no training, and the education
of another third does not go beyond the primary level) are inflationary in
nature. The government hopes to be able to hold the rise in prices to last
year's level (15.2 percent), but it can hardly combat imported inflation.

The effect of the 10-percent surtax imposed at the beginning of February on

all purchases by the private sector abroad have not as yet made themselves

felt, but it is clear that the fever will only be calmed. by the hovering threat
of recession. Meanwhile, the volume of imports has increased additionally

by 16 percent (+28 percent in value) over last year, upsetting the trade balance
of 345 million rands, whereas it showed a positive balance of 5.5 billion

in 1980! Gold sales would, it is true, have accounted for more than 10 billion,
exceeding the total amount for other exports taken together. Excluding gold,
foreign sales declined in value in 1981 (3 percent), as they did in volume

(14 percent). Finally, following the depreciation of the rand in relation

to the dollat (-25 percent in 1981, -14 percent since the beginning of this
year), the government has just announced that it will eliminate all aid for
exports. As a result, state financing will doubtless be temporarily improved,
but the fate of the national currency, which is indirectly linked with that

of gold, will not be similarly improved thereby.*

To support its foreign exchange, the state has drawn on its reserves, pledged
a part of its stock of gold in swap arrangements abroad and drawn on its IMF
eredit. The republic is draining its resources, borrowing on the international
market (500 million in 1981, at least 3 billion to be expected this year),

and is not succeeding in rebalancing its foreign payments ($4 billion current
deficit in 1981, and 500 million at the end of January 1982).

There are some who believe that there is not, however, any reason for panic,
since the republic has good credit--although politically fragile--abroad,

and in comparison to other powers, its indebtedness levels are still relatively
low. Moreover, economists of the "liberal" persuasion urge the authorities,
who balk at this, to borrow still more to sustain activity, rather than let
the country slip into recession and unemployment. "It is a matter," they
claim, "of maintaining social peace until the next gold 'boom.!"

This precious metal provided half of the foreign exchange income in 1981 and
represented 17.2 percent of the gross domestic product. (only 5.5 percent in
1970). The mining industry as a whole, for its part, directly or indirectly
provided jobs for nearly one-third of the active population (officially esti-
mated at 10 million individuals, including 7 million blacks). Through its
multiplying effects, it doubtless provides a living for 12 to 15 million persons.

*In an unprecedented development, the rand fell below parity with the dollar
at the beginning of March. It took $1.33 to equal 1 rand in January of 1981,
whereas $.96 suffices at present.

45



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

INVESTIGATION ON HUMAN RIGHTS--The Western Cape Branch of Lawyers for Human
Rights has expressed concern that allegations of torture and assault of de-
tainees, although denied by authorities, may conceivably be true. Catherine
Thompson has the story: [Begin recording] The group, which represents about
100 Cape Town attorneys, stated its total opposition to detention without
trial. It called on the government to set up an independent investigation in--
to allegations of torture and maltreatment of detainees. Their statement
follows the recent memorandum claiming systematic application of torture by
securitypolice on detainees. The memo was submitted to the ministers of jus-
tice and law and order by the detainees’ parents support committee. The law-
yers expressed disappointment that virtually the only government response to
the allegation has been to deny them and to challenge their makers to prove
they are true. Catherine Thompson for Capital News, Cape Town. [End recording]
[Text] [MB030754 Umtata Transkei Capital Radio in English 0700 GMT 3 Jun 82]

LABOR FIGURE DETAINED--A Johannesburg trade unionist was detained yesterday
by security pdélice. Philip Dlamini’ was until recently the general secretary
of the Black Municipal Workers' Union, and he led the 1980 municipal workers’
strike in Johannesburg. His detention was deplored by the Azanian people's
organization. [MB021307 Umtata Transkei Capital Radio in English 0600 GMT

2 Jun 82]

BANNING ORDER RENEWED--The banning order on South African Doctor Mamphela
Ramphele has been renewed for another 2 years. In 1977 she was banished for
5 years to a remote area of northern Transvaal. She was a close associate
of Steve Biko, who died in detention in 1977. [MB021307 Umtata Transkei
Capital Radio in English 1000 GMT 2 Jun 82]

THREE SENTENCED--Spectators in the Rand Supreme Court broke into song yester-
day when two ANC office bearers were jailed for a total of 15 years after
being convicted of trying to destroy the SABC-TV Brixton tower. Robert Martin
Admin, 26, and Mandla Themba, 25, joined in the singing of the black national
anthem, Nkosi Sikele'Afrika, as they were led down to the cells after being
sentenced. Adam, of Felicity Court, Yeo Street, Yeoville, was jailed for

10 years and Themba, of Jabulane, Soweto, for five years after being convicted
under the internal security act and terrorism act of conspiring to destroy

the tower and to overthrow law and order in South Africa. The court had

been told Adam and Themba visited the Brixton tower on a reconnaissance mission

47



BOTSWANA

U.S.-, SOVIET-MADE ARMOR DISPLAYED

Paris AFRICA AFP in English 4 May 82 [no page No. given]

[Text] GABORONE, May 1 - Botswana's fledgling army paraded its American and
Soviet-made armour side-by-side today on the southern African nation's annual
Defense Force Day.

The 3,000-man army was created just five years ago. But under the command of
Major-General Mompati Merafhe, the Botswana military has moved quickly to ac-
quire modern materiel, both land and air.

Today President Quett Masire reviewed a motorcade that included two different
varieties of American-made Cadillac-gage armored cars - two with machine guns
and two with 20mm cannon - and two Soviet-fabricated BTR60 heavy armored per-
sonnel carriers.

The Soviet armour, acquired last year at what a Western military attache here
called a bargain price, caused a stir in neighbouring, anti-communist South
Africa at the time. But political observers said the presence of both Ameri-
can and Soviet equipment in the parade today clearly showed this small nation's
desire to avoid domination by any outside power.

Botswana is believed to have about 30 ofthe Soviet BTR60's and something over
20 of the American Cadillac-gages.

Bulldog Flypast

Botswana's defense budget is modest by any standard - about 3-4 million pula
(about the same in dollars) by one estimate. The figure is not known for cer-
tain because it is part ofthe budget of the President's office. The Minister
of Public Service and Information, Daniel Kwelagobe, administers the defense
force, whose second-in-command,Brigadier Ian Khama, is the son of the late
President, Sir Seretse Khama.

Also appearing in a flypast over the Gaborone football stadium were four Brit-

ish-built single-engine Bulldog aircraft and three twin-engined Defenders,
about half of the army's small air wing of propeller-driven aircraft.

10