1982-88 1981-82 ~ percent
. : $ change
Prestent annem een ————"_ 570000 455 000 +253
Parllament 2744 000 2.615.000 +49
Prime Minister 15 980 000 14 244 000 #122
Cabinet, Office 1300 000 1369 000 +5,0
Public Service 12 050 000 6 953 000 +788
Defence <= 291 282 000 801 461 000 84
‘Treasury. 128080000»: 101.519 000 4212
Vote of Credit 175 000 000 _— —
Economic Planning and Development 9843000 , 1990000. +-869,5
Audit famine 1100000 1.008 000 +9,1
‘Industry and Energy Development — _2 000 000 1558 000 4284
Trade and Commerce "$9 341 000 86 022 000 —543
Agriculture 141.910 000 99643000 4-424
Mines ———— _ 5075000 4672000 = +110
‘Transport 118 030 000 124 692 000 53
Foreign Affairs 16 500 000- 18736000. 4-20,1
‘ Manpower Planning and Development 12 700 000 10 032 000 +26,6
Local Government and Town Planning 83 987 000 82 512 000 —9;
Housing. 1 874. 000 40000 —
Lands, Resettlement and Waral

Development. ncene—=—n-=—— 62 558 000 44044000 = 4-42,0
Labour and, Social Services’ 90 805 000 52 804 000 +720
Health eacnneeeniien 180 00 000 108 936 000 +196
Education and. Culture —--.—.. 408 400 000 316 508 000 +29,0
Youth, Sport and Recreation 10 000 000 10 000 00 —_
Community Development and Women’s - /

Affairs - 3300 000 2 188.000 +50,8
Home Affairs 104 291 000 86 183 000 +210
Legal and Parliamentary Affairs 1866 000 65000 4277.0
Justice = 24955 000 22 636 000 4102
Information, :

‘Telecommunications 8.299 000 11.436 000 214
Natural Resources and Tourism 26 081.000 15 768 000 +65,0
Water Resources and Development —. 41 760 000 18328000 .. +1279
Roads and Road Traffic —. 62 781 000 54.587 000 15,0
National Supplies — _7981 000 157.000 —
Construction = 116865000 - 79225000 +4469

2218058000 1.687 281 000 +318
. ’ :
. 1982-88 1981-82 percent
$ _ change
President enn 54.070 —68
Parliament 74.009 $8.1
Public Service z = 615 6.000 +18
Treasury we oe nme BOC 067 000 351 8U8 000 . +42,
Audit ne 28.500 28 500 —
Local Government and Town Planning 100 000 430,000, 6,9
Labour and Socal Services cveenmumnel 25 454 500 19 496 500 +100
Justice 566 tH) 534 000 +60
Roads and Road Traffic ... 400 000 430 600 69
585 722 000 434-421 670 +348
1982-88 1981-82 _ percent
§ $ ~ change
stitutional and Statutory
Con: “Appropriations 585 722 000 484 441 670 —
Voto Appropriations — 2213053000 1687 281 000 —

2798 775 000 2121 722 670 482,0

56



cso:

F@ The DTA group ar

ptived in three buses and
two Kombis at 10 am.

= @ Heated exchanges took
eplace between the two
© groups during the time of

E the procession.

According to Mr
SGaroéb, there were about

©2000 DR supporters pre-
# sent.

Allegations by Mr
£Garoéb and Mr Barnes
‘state that:

@ The DTA - group

obstructed the path of the
<DR_ procession with a

motor barricade

@ The DTA — group

demanded that Mr Barnes
"eave the DR platform, and
(then they would leave.
"@ The DTA supporters
“present were, not from
‘Khorixas but from
Windhoek and were main-
ly Herero speaking

Allegations by Mr De
;Waal against the Damara
‘Raad include:

“@ Widespread _ intimida-
tion of the DTA supporters
“in Khorixas during | the
preceding « week. “DTA
supporters were warned
“that anyone who raised his
hand into the air to make
the DTA sign in Khorixas
‘would be hit,” Mr De Waal
‘said.

4700/1704

‘thoroughfares in Khorixas
with vehicles to deny ac-
=cess of the DTA group ar-
triving from Usakos ' —
pwithout success.

tS Mr Garoéb said Pole
“witnéssed the ‘disturb:
without acting.

“I had to go out of my
way to restrain my sup-
‘porters and avoid more
“trouble,” he added.

The DR ‘leader said he
would file an official com-
‘plaint to the AG, against
ithe apparent privileges the
DTA enjoyed above the
‘law.

;, According to another

(account, the DTA group
started its own procession
to divert attention from the

DR’s, before the meeting.

Both Mr Barnes and Mr
£Garoéb” mentioned the

;, Playing of loud music and
“singing of DTA songs at

=the DR meeting.

© They also said the DTA

“group was largely armed
swith rubber batons and

(some with guns.

FAs guest’ speaker, Mr

Barnes said he was to in-

‘form the people of the

‘coming | election and

fprogress made in the inter-

inational negotiations on

t

' Namibia. -

The DR blocked main

co ee
{> It was planned to be a
peaceful meeting, but the
DTA caused the. distur-
bance.

* Mr De Waal, on the
;other ‘hand, said the events
‘on Sunday led back to |
[meeting of the DTA’s|
¢Women’ ague i
Khorixas \ the — previous‘

weekend.

Although that meeting

‘went off smoothly, the fol-

lowing week saw intimida-
tion of DTA supporters in
'Khorixas. | During . the
‘course of last week the
IDTA continuously
lreceived telephone calls
from its intimidated sup-
‘porters in Khorixas.

When these persisted, it
was decided to proceed to
Damaraland after the
‘DTA’s Usakos ‘meeting to
make a show of strength
‘on behalf of its Khorixas

$constituency, Mr De Waal
tsaid.

“We will continue to do
\this in Khorixas until the
\Damaras are free to vote
‘for whom they please,”
[said Mr De Waal after he
jdescribed alleged attempts
‘by DR members who, as
officials of the Darmara
“second-tier, try to ‘force
“people to vote for the
;Damara Raad.



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

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JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
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Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical

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Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



Rank Net Earnings
Company This year Last year Latest Previous year Latest avail.
ann. report
~ Truworths .... 45 (52) 493 216 218 000 Jun 81"
. 46 (49) 413 284 274 771 Feb 81
. 47 (54) 373 334 153 4899 Jun 81
Zimplow .eseee 48 (45) 320 000 506 90029 March 82
Northchart ... 49 (50) 312 243 274 699 Sept 81
HES oe . 50 (51) 236 519 242 164 Feb 82
ZSR co cccceece 51 (44) 182 000 520 000 Sept 81
Maceys . 52 (55) 147 096 23 182 March 81
Schweppes e 53 (53) 83 491 170 698 Dec 81
Alloys seeceo 54 (7) (952 000) 3 578 000 March 82

Notes: 1,.= 17 months to August 1981; 2.= 12 months to March 1980; 3.= 12
months to February 1982; 4.= 8 months to February 1981; 5.= 15 months to
December 1981; 6.~ 15 months to June 1981; 7.= Year to March 1980; 8.= 6
months to June 1981; 9.= 9 months to June 1980; 10.= 17 months to March 1981

TURNOVER

“Previous year
134 096 000 |
136 135 000 '.~ 102 660 000
121.511 000 80 601 000
+-55,306 000 . - 41 453 000
54543000 - . 60 761,000
54.000 000. - 44 500 000
:40 319.000 35 257 000
37.520 000..". 30 561 000
36.618 000 , 25 245 000
36 255,000 28 315-000
31.986 000 19 420 000
oe 28 282 000 ‘ 20 859 000.
+ Afdis 13 27 413 000 23 661 000
<4". 26 349 000 20 761 000
5115.26 254.000" 15 485 000
24.175 000. - 19 065 000
23.953 224 15 562 799
23.347 000. = 14 421 000
: 21.975:000 21925 000
20° 21:770.000. 17 523 000
21.) 21 694 000 13 596 000
19 390 638 10 809 777
19 177 000 14 057 000
(245.17 517 000 8451 310
25 -* 16 933 000 12 654 000
+ 262. 16 591 000 10 998 000
27." 16004000 7584 000

‘J
“Apex (P & C).

65



"ZIPRA MEN WITH FOREIGN STATE’ CHARGED WITH PLOTTING

Harare THE HERALD in English 30 Jul 82 p 1

[text]

cso:

FORMER  Zipra- leader
Dumiso’ Dabengwa is al-
jeged to have sent a letter
to the secret service chief
of a foreign country as-
king for help in ZAPU's
“next armed struggle”, a
Harare court, heard
yesterday,

This was sald when Cde
Dabengwa, another ex~
Zipra leader, Lieut.-Gene-
Tal Lookout’ Masuku, and
five other men appeared in
Harare Magistrates’ Court
in connection with an
allegation of treason.

They were not charged
but were remanded in
custody by senior pro-
vincial magistrate Mr Ivor
‘Waldeck to August 10.

Appearing — for - the
State, the Attorney-Gen-
eral, Cde Godfrey Chi-
dyausiku, presented cer-
tificates ‘signed by the
Minister of Home Affairs,
Dr. Herbert Ushewokunze,
preventing courts from
granting them bail.

Cade Chidyausiku sald
Cde Dabengwa, the then
head of Zipra, sent the
letter to the chairman of
“the secret service organ-
isation of a foreign coun-
try” on April 28 1980.

‘As head of the ZAPU

4700/1695

war council. and = in-
telligence organisation, he
added, Cde Dabengwa’ al-
legedly asked for that
‘country's assistance in the
party's “next armed
struggle” after attributing
a “tense situation” in Zim-
babwe to the policies of
the Prime Minister, Cde
‘Mugabe.

"The Attorney-General
said -the arrival from
Zambia of a consignment
of arms at Gwai River
Mine assembly point was
closely followed by the
fighting between Zipra
and: Zanla in Entumbane
in November 1980.

Zipra | commanders
refused to give details of
the weapons to the Joint
High Command. After the
Bulawayo fighting Cde
Dabengwa and the Deputy
Commander of the
National Army, -Lieut-
General Masuku, gave in-
structions for the weapons
to be dispersed.

Large-scale caching of
‘weapons on ZAPU proper-
ities ‘began, using the
transport of Nitram (Pvt)
Ltd, a company formed
with contributions of ex-
Zipra’ combatants, said
Cde Chidyausiku.

Nitram was ostensibly
started to help with the
setting up of co-operative
farming organisations, the

76

“Nicholas

ZIMBABWE

court. heard, All these
operations were done with
the - knowledge of the
ZAPU leadership, said the
Attorney-General.

During the Government
disarmament exercise, the
party began moving heavy
‘nd support weapons
around its properties.

The five who appeared
with Cde Dabengwa_ and
General Masuku are Isaac
Nyathi, Misheck Velanhi
Neube, Masala Sibanda,
Nkomo and
Chaka Moyo. =:

Mr Waldeck told Mr
‘Adrian de Bourbon, acting
for the ZAPU men, that
the State had 50 potential
witnesses and expected to
complete their in-
vestigation in October.

Mr de Bourbon sald his
clients denied the treason
allegations and he would
be opposed to granting
the State a further
remand after August 10
because of the time it had

to conduct in
vestigations. :

Cde Chidyausiku as-
sured: the court that the
State -had expedited. the
case, but that in matters
of State security a certain
amount of delay’ was un-
avoidable. A cache of
arms had been found only
last week, he added.



GHANA

‘ BRIEFS

USSR FRIENDSHIP FORUM ADDRESS--The coordinating secretary to the Provisional
National Defense: Council, Mr Obeng, has declared that all nuclear weapons are
dangerous to:mankind and should be condemned by all peace-loving people. He
_ rejected a claim by the United States thatthe neutron bomb is a humane
weapon designed to hit troops and leave the civilian population intact.

Mr Obeng was speaking in Accra yesterday at an open forum organized by the
Ghana-USSR. Friendship Society and the Ghana Peace and Solidarity Council

to commemorate the national day for actions to ban nuclear weapons and
nuclear war. The day marked the 37th anniversary of the dropping of atomic
bombs on the. Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the United States,
resulting in the death of about 300,000 people. [Except] [AB080740 Accra
Domestic Service in: English 0600 GMT 8 Aug 82]

ACCRA LEGAL STATUS--A law according legal status to the greater Accra region
has just been published. The. law was signed by the chairman of the PNDC
[Provisional National Defense Council] Flight Lieutenant Rawlings, on

23 July this:year., ‘An officidl. statement’ issued’ in Accra said in according
legal status: to the region, the PNDC has removed the constitutional and

legal anomaly. The greater.Accra’ region has'been functioning for the

purpose of administrative .convenience’as a region for nearly 20 years, but
lacks the requisite legal’status’ even though ministers of state and commissioners
have been appointed by previous governments to administer the area, The region
covers the Accra city council area, the Tema district council area and the
Adangbe district council area, The statement said the decision to accord it
legal ‘status stemmed from the fact that the greater Accra area automatically
ceased to be part:of the eastern region, This development will, among other
things, affect the composition of the House of Chiefs for the region, similar
to that. of Brong-Ahafo, northern and upper regions of Ghana. [Text]

[AB121838 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 12 Aug 82]

AIR. FORCE AIRCRAFT CRASH--Two Ghana ‘Air Force planes on operational duties
in the Kumasi area have crashed... The accident occurred 2 miles from the
Kumasi-airfield in the early hours of yesterday. An official statement
last night said investigations are being conducted into the cause of the
accident. [Text] [AB080738 Accra Domestic Service in English 0600 GMI

8 Aug 82]

cso: 4700/1724

12



Company 1981 1982. Change of mid-share
+ price over the period

June 30, 1981, to July
1, 1982

—68,1%
— 68,4%
— 69,2%
-71,1%
— 74.0%
—74,6%
— 15,6%
—77,2%
-81,3%
—90,7%

Interesting contrasts «
in allocation of
value added

SOME interesting variations in the. distribution of
value added by seven of the top ten companies
appear from these extracts from their annual reports.
The differences in gearing are particularly apparent.
There are also some interesting ratios between pay-
ments to employees and to shareholders, particularly.
as the companies are all employers’ of large work.
forces. Thy .

Company ~*~ ‘Materials Employees Dividends’,
& Services $000 "$000

$000 :

Art 15 512 7147 1836
D W/head - 22 264 7595 * 3 480
T A Hold > 88 298 19 499 4727
Hunyani 18.775 * 9 197° 2343
Dunlop . 19 286 6 798 2 803
Delta 104 799 34 907 6050
Natfood 110 371 13 461 3050
Company Loans & Tax Re-

Interest : investment

$000 5000 5000

At. 809 19s 12.770
D W/head S81 1927 4939
T A Hold 1807 - ° (3487 6784
Hunyani 406 1263 4032
Dunlop 460 4441 2927
Delta 1577 72 629 11 078
Natfood 1157 588 7 508

71


NIGERIA,

SHAGARI SEEKS DISCIPLINED, TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED ARMY
Kaduna GASKIYA TA FI KWABO in Hausa 10 Jul 82 p1
[Article: "Nigeria's Troops Can Take on Any Military Force"]

[Text] The federal government will do its utmost to provide the nation's
troops with traditional-type tough officers.

President Shehu Shagari made this remark last Tuesday when he attended a
week-long military officers' training and combat exercise here in Kaduna.

He said that only increased discipline would soon turn out traditional-type
tough officers for the nation's troops.

The president cautioned, however, that the better officers turned out this
way would have to continue to turn out even better officers since civilians
were footing the bill for those officers.

He went on to say that he would not tolerate anyone saying that Nigeria had
failed to keep up with modern technology and that we have to maintain the
reputation we enjoy both in Africa and in the rest of the world.

He reminded the armed forces of their responsibility for improving the status
and reputation they enjoy in the country. ‘

cso: 4797/25

29



SOUTH AFRICA

INDIAN MERCHANT COPES WITH DISCRIMINATORY LAWS

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 24 Jul 82 p 5

[Article by Lin Menge:

[text]

Ebrahim (harsany refuses to be
| compromised by the shadowy world of
}fringe-trading and nominee-ownership
into which Indian business has been forced
; in South Africa. ~
{Neither he nor his group of companies
kwould dream of using white nominees:
4 what they own is in their own name and the
| balance sheet must reflect all their assets.
Such an open approach does not make
entry a easier into’a white business
world “closed” to Indian occupation and
"ghoul Mr

Should Mr Kharsany’s Corporate Group
‘one day be able to buy out a quoted pro-
E pe company on the Johannesburg Stock

e, the Government could step in
and prevent them owning any of the pro-
erty belonging to that company.

“The Corporate Group is South Africa’s
flargest black-controlled financial and in-
|Vestment house; It has twice been refused
F Permission to open premises in the central
E district of Johannesburg and was
‘vat one stage forced to use makeshift of-

fices in t of a community hall. The

group had wanted to move to the CBD so
;as to be able to bring all its operations
‘under one roof. Because they would not
;move in illegally or use a white nominee,

the group's offices are still today scattered
;about Fordsburg. Still, Mr Kharsany was
invited to the Prime Minister's Hope
conference.
:. What would happen if, as organised
( “white” commerce in central Johannes-
burg has requested, the central city was
Eopen to business ownership and occupation
| by all races? Would Indians buy up half the

+ “No,” says Mr Kharsany, always pre-
pared to the cold water of reason on
jemotionally inflamed questions. “The
‘number of Indians engaged in trade in
uth Africa forms less than 8% of the
‘total Indian population. Secondly, we don’t
"have financial institutions with the kind of
“muscle to buy vast sections of the CBD.

36

"No Easy Road to Success for This Man of Business"]

pening the city to tra by all races
‘ould merely formalise and legalise an
informal, illegal situation. Traders could
get rid of their nominees, which would
[reduce both their overheads and the risk
‘factor in their business.”
His own group is trying to fight the
| inherent weakness in the In lian communi-
is ty which has retarded both the growth and
sxpansion of business. This weakness is
iue partly to the fiercely individualistic,
| family nature of Indian business, and part-
ly to the restraints inj ‘by Govern-
/ment. For example, in a typical dorp a
small plaza might be provided for 50 Indi-
an traders. A 5ist trader would then have
nowhere to go, the existing traders would
(have nowhere to expand, and the plaza i:-
| the next town would also be full.

Yet he does not fear the effect white
competition would have on small black
‘ traders in an open trading situation. Black
traders must then get together to fight that

competition, he says.

"Today the Indian who has been forced

‘out of the one-shop situation takes degrees

‘in commerce and accountancy and seeks
Sjobs with big white corporations. At first
‘these corporations appointed other races
“mainly to impress their overseas share-
ders, says Mr Kharsany, but now they
it because there is an acute lack of
‘trained manpower.
£- But it wasn’t because white business
| wanted to do the right {hing by black busi-
(ness. On the contrary they have been con-
tent to take advantage of Group Areas
legislation. When the Government bought
(out Indian traders for next to nothing the
'whites were happy to buy up those prem-
ises, built up from nothing by the Indians,
and move in,

“Tt amuses me that the offspring of the
(Industrial Revolution and of Adam.Smith
thave helped implement legislation that is
janti-trade. They support free trade in Brit-
‘ain and the United States but when it hits



CSO:

4700/1695

While the abduction of the six tourists was clearly '
the work of ex-Zapu dissidents, the saboteurs at
Gweru are less easy.to identify. The sophistication of
the operation makes it unlikely that it was the work of
the local bandits now causing so much trouble in
Matabeleland. But, if one cannot lay the responsi-

“bility ‘locally, then where did the attackers come

from, and by whom were they equipped and organ-

“ised?

In the present delicate state of international affairs
in Southern Africa, blame must not be apportioned
without evidence. Yet there will be suspicions that the

interests of only one country have been served by the

destruction of aircraft which, in the present state of
the country’s finances, are virtually irreplaceable. ~

61


Magistrature before the political ouverture
could become complete. On April 1, 1981,
the Ministerial Cabinet, chaired by Abdou
Diouf, adopted a draft Bill revising Article
Three of the Constitution which then
limited the number of political parties to
four. Nine new parties have since been
recognised by the Ministry of the Interior
and a plethora of polemical newspapers are

_ how openly available.

This brief résumé shows how important
the 1983 elections are. The future of

Senegalese democracy is at stake, and all |

of Black Africa will be watching with

interest. The recent excitement aroused by
changes in the Electoral Code is ample
proof of the extent to which political
consciousness has been heightened in Seneg-
al. The Code was prepared with the assist-
ance of West German political consultants.
It has been approved by Deputies of the PS
but contested by all of the opposition
parties.

The following parties have been recog-
nised by the Ministére de l’Intérieure as
bona fide political parties:

@ Parti Socialiste (PS); Leader, Abdou
Diouf.

@ Parti Démocratique Sénégalais
(PDS), Abdoulaye Wade.

@ Parti Africain de 1’Indépendence
(PAI), Mahjmout Diop.

@ Mouvement Républicain Sénégalais
(MRS), Boubacar Gueye.

@ Rassemblement National Démocrati-
que (RND), Cheikh Anta Diop.

@ Mouvement Démocratique et Popu-
laire (MDP), Mamadou Dia.

“@ Mouvement Révolutionnaire pour la
Démocratie Nouvelle — And Jef
(MRD), Landing Savane.

@ Ligue Démocratique — Mouvement
pour le Parti du Travail (LD-MPT),
Babacar Sané.

@ Parti de I’Indépendence et du Travail
(PIT), Amath Dansokoh and
Maguette Thiam.

@ Union pour la Démocratie Populaire
(UDP), Hamédine Racine Guissé. .

@ Parti Populaire Sénégalais (PPS),
Oumar Wone.

@ Organisation Socialiste des Travail-
leurs (OST),

@ Ligue Communiste des Travailleurs

(LCT).

32

Broadly, the new Code fixes the con
tions and methods of voting. Voting is
open to “‘all Senegalese over the age of 21
in possession of their political and civil
faculties and not exempted by any legal
incapacity”. Between November 16, 1981
and February 5 of this year only 54,000
new voters registered. In the 1978 elections
1,556,250 voters were registered. It is
estimated that the national constituency is
now 2m. voters. The slow rate of registra-
tion up to February was taken as evidence
by the Opposition of a lack of faith in the
‘system. But recently, the pace of registra-
tion has quickened, reflecting a healthy
interest in political affairs. Official sources
put the latest number of registered voters
jat 1,923,483, which means 327,144 new
voters since the 1978 elections (taking

account of deaths and those excluded for
legal reasons),

The voting, under the new Code, will be
the responsibility of local administrations
(Regional Governors and Prefects). These
administrators will designate a President,
Secretary-General and Assessor for each
Voting Bureau. The Opposition claims this
takes away from the political parties power
to oversee the vote.

The code increases in the Legislative
vote the number of Deputies to 120 from
100 before. Half of the Deputies will be
elected by “first past the post” at a
departmental level and half by “pro-
portional’ representation” at a National
Level. There are 30 electoral Depart-
ments, some of which have more than one
Deputy elected by both systems.

Taking the Departmental level, first-
past-the-post system, first; it is ‘claimed
that this will favour large political group-
ings, of which there is just one, the Parti
Socialiste. A small simple majority on the ©
Departmental list — in fact both lists will
be on the same ballot paper — will ensure
winning all the seats available in that
Department (Circonscription Electorate).
Repeated nationally, a shade over 50 per
cent of the vote on this list would ensure 60
seats at the National Assembly for the PS.
This tendency is exaggerated by the fact
that most of the Departments will have a!
right to more than one representative on
the list. Thus there is not much hope for |
small parties —.who are relatively un-!
known and disorganised in the regions — |
winning representation via the Departmen- :
tal list. —



Net Earnings

——__Rank____ ——___Net Earnings _
Company This year Last year Latest Previous year Latest avail. |
ann. report |
|
Delta cvcccccovce 1 (1) 12 117 000 11 309 000 March 82 j
Natfood .. . 2 (2) 8 018 000 5 719 000 March 82 |
Hippo Valley ... 3 qa 7 957 000 22 365000 March 82
D. Whitehead ... 4 (3) 7 654 000 5048000 Sept 81 |
TA Hold ... ° 5 (4) 7 187 000 4 465 000 May 81 !
Hunyani . ° 6 (9) 5 422 000 3 239 000 Sept 81
PGI ween . 7 (5) 5 420 000 4 217 000 March 82
Dunlop . 8 (6) 5 298 000 3 891 000 Dec 81
Art .. . 9 (10) 4 230 000 2 970 000 Dec 81 |
Zimbank . 10 (8) 4 152 000 3 543 000 Sept 81 |
. 1 (14) 4 072.873 2 553 553 Oct 81
. 12 (13) 3 071 000 2 562 000 March 82
. 13 (16) 3.014 000! 1 293 0002 Aug 81
. 14 (21) 2-758 000 1 389 000 Nov 81
. 15 (37) 2 652 000 678 000 March 81
. 16 (22) 2 446 000 1 377 000 Feb 82
. 17 (15) 2 133 000 2 118 000 Dec 81
e 18 (12) 2 015 000 2 634 000 March 82
° 19 (23) 2 009 000 1 335 000 March 82
. 20 (17) 1 983 000. 1744000, Jun 81
° 21 (33) 1 850 0002 791 141% Feb 82
. 22 (19) 1 824 000° 1 542 000 Dec 81
° 23 (25) 1 817 000 1 235 000 July 81
° 24 (18) 1 648 000 1 512 210 March 82
° 25 (20) 1 667 000 1 421 000 Dec 81
e 26 (29) 1 561 000 1 007 000 Dec 81
° 27 (35) 1 537 000 720 043 Dec 81
° 28 (26) 1470 000 1 166 000 Dec 81
Apex (P&C) ° 29 (31) 1 406 000 868 194 Dec 81
Abercal .. ° 30 (32) 1 404 000 847 000. Jun 81
Radar . ° 31 (47) 1 379 000° 366 0047 Jun 81
Gulliver . . 32 (28) 1 367 000 1 050 000 March 82
Gatex . ° 33 (39) 1 231 000 664 000 Dec 81
Tedco . . 34 (40) 1 189 000 601 000 Sept 81
Tanganda ..ooe 35 (41) 1 072 000 588 000 Aug 81
Merlin . ° 36 (27) 1 066 000 747 000 March 81
THL ceo ° 37 (43) 1 054 606 543 015 Jun 81
Tinto Ind ° 38 (42) 998 000 563 000 Dec 81
Porthold . . 39 (30) 862 105 896 777 Aug 81
Zimpapers . 40 (38) 766 230 672 244 Dec 81
NTS) ceoee ° 41 (46) 681 304 393 866 Sept 81
Morewear . ° 42 (36) 640 000 699 000 Jun 81
Agricor .escee 43 (24) 568 3608 --- Jun 81
Capri secvcce 44 (48) 543 400 306 300 Jun 81

64



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

MEETINGS BANNED IN CAPE--The Minister of Law and Order, Mr Louis le Grange
has placed a two-year ban on gatherings in a Cape Town area. A notice in
yesterday's Government Gazette said the ban which comes into effect on
August 12, would apply to the area bounded by Buitenkant, Darling, Plein and
Castle streets, Gathérings for the purposes of bona fide church services or
trading were exempted, The notice says gatherings affected include those at
which any form of state or any principle of policy of the government is
propagated, defended, attacked, criticised or discussed or any person, cause,
action or contemplated action or failure to take action is protested against.
Sapa [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Aug 82 p 8]

cso: 4700/1697

42



WELFARE GROUPS STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 82 p 7

[Article by Sheila White]

[text]

ZIMBABWE

MOST. of Zimbabwe's’ welfare organisations are struggling for

survival in the face ‘of ri

ing costs and dwindling donations.

So severe are the financial problems facing them that some
are now being forced to fall back on their capital resources in
order to meet ranning costs. Others are incurring such huge

losses. thai. thei

> ‘Talk ‘of either. hav-
ing to ‘curtail: expendi:
ture, With resultant

amenities ., reductions,
or of closing «their

doors. altogether is rife .
people.

among — those
responsible for’ the
welfare organisations.
Even «more disconcert-
ing is the fact.that none
of. them appears’ to be

able to see light at the
end of the. tunnel with

fund-raising activities
and donations —_ falling
every month.

Deep in financial trouble

is the Margareta Hugo
School and Workshop for

the Blind at the Copota”

Mission in Nyanda where
the future of 350 blind
schoolchildren, - 60 adult
workers and several blind
pensioners 1s in jeopardy,

OVERDRAWN

In an interview the”

treasurer of the Reformed -*

Church in Zimbabwe, ‘Mr
Christian van Wyk, . said
that at the end of Dec-'
ember the school ‘account:
was , overdrawn ‘to the
extent of $80 000. i

“We help Copota as
Bitk’ good donor support

Or SUPPO!

from overseas it {s still
not in a_sound financial
position. In fact, things
have ‘mever been as grim
as they are at the mo-
ment; at the same time
there are more children
in the school than: ever
before” Mr Van Wyk
said. :
‘Wage increases have re-
sulted in higher production
‘costs in the cane work-
shops, At the same time,
the demand for cane furni-
ture has fallen dramati-
cally,

84

‘are being

TRIMMED

“Sources of , potential |
mew income ‘ate being. -
tapped and the workshops
trimmed to
make them more viable.
Church funds which would
have been’ channelled to-
wards helping Copota have .
also depleted while there
are more calls on, the,
little money available,”
Mr Van Wyk said,

‘A steady stream of visi-
tors to the mission had in
the past proved to be an
excellent source of reve-
nue since they had bought
items produced there.

“Now very few visitors

there which has made

} even harder to keep
going and the future is
uncertain,” he added.

Also uncertain ahout
just how long it. will be

‘able to keep going is the



A close observation of the Ghana civil service shows characteristics that
are hardly in-line: with the aims and aspirations of the present revolu-
tionary process.

1. The procedures of work within this service are extremely timewasting,
sometimes-deliberately go slow: Standard replies like "we are looking
into it" and "check'again-next week" need urgent requests for task to

be done. ‘The whole service is heavily overstaffed, thereby creating severe
strains on the economy, since the«level: of output does not justify the
funds and resources that are put into the service.

3. [as heard] There is overcentralization in the civil service with Accra
being ‘the "beall" and "endall."  Decisionmaking in the service is largely
undemocratic, not just'in terms of major -policy’ decisions: being dominated
by a few top people, but mainly in terms of the substance of decisions

not actually going to: advance ‘the interest’of the majority of our people.

5.[as heard] Corruption,.bribery, nepotism and other malpractices are
rife inthe civil service.

All these factors and many more make’the restructuring of the civil service
an issue onwhich there-must be.no. compromise with old backward ideas and
interest groups. The very’ efficiency’ and effectiveness of the present
government: depends to'a large extent on how efficient’ and effective the civil
setvice can be made to become’ and theformulation and implementation of
policies. .

The national debate that has been opened on’the restructuring of all state
institutions must’ pay particular. attention’to the civil service because

of its centrality:in the successor failure of government. And no efforts
must be spared in’ carrying out the actual ‘exercise ‘to: make the service
efficient costeffective, democratic’ and responsive to the needs of the
general mass of the people... Certain vested interests'may be affected
adversely when’ measures like the redeployment of redundant hands, decentrali-
zation: and‘cutting down’ of waste; ‘the instilling of discipline into the
service proceduresand the clamping down on bribery and corruption are being
undertaken, but this: cannot ‘be helped, for the laudable aims of the

31. December revolution ’can only be achieved with a radically restructured
civil service.

cso: 4700/1724



SOMALIA

Briefs
Forced Conscription
Battle Reports

SOUTH AFRICA

Botha Speech Ignores Blacks; Simplistic Approach Hit
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 2 Aug 82) .cssssccsccccaceeceuseees

Indian Merchant Copes With Discriminatory Laws
(Lin Menge; RAND DAILY MAIL, 24 Jul 82) ....ssseseeseees

Auto Production Halted by Strikes
(Jentje Knuppe; THE CITIZEN, 7 Aug 82) ...sceceeeececece

Inquiry Into Fort Hare Disturbances Demanded
(THE CITIZEN, 7 Aug 82) ..eceececcsecesceeceeeeecs seeeee

Lutheran Priest Describes Police Torture
(Allister Sparks; SOWETAN, 2 Aug 82) .....

Briefs
Meetings Banned in Cape

TANZANIA
Briefs
Detention Law Under Fire
Controversial Jet

UGANDA

Leaders of Rwenzururu Movement Agree To Surrender
(AFRICA AFP, 30 Jul 82) ...cssceecceceecesccnceesceecens

ZIMBABWE

Company Reports Reflect State of Nation
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ....seeeeeeeee

Chidzero Presents 'No Shocks' Budget
(THE HERALD, various dates) ....ssseeeeees

Tax Rise
Industry 'Encouraged'

Security Problem Overshadows This Week's Budget
(Editorial; THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ..........

34

34

35

36

38

39

40

42

43
43

44

46

49

60



INQUIRY INTO FORT HARE DISTURBANCES DEMANDED

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Aug 82 p 9

[text]

cso:

tquiry into the dis-
jturbances at Fort
‘Hare University
;should be appointed
‘without ' delay, the
fehief Opposition
spokesman for eng
ition and
jAlex Boraine, said in
ja statement released
iin Cape Town today.
z Dr Boraine, the’ Pro-
gressive Federal Party
{MP for Pinelands, said.
the disturbances at the
Fa university during the
past few days were dis-
Sturbing and serious and
{for that reason he has
sent a telegram to the
‘Minister of Education
‘and Training asking

im to intervene im-
“mediately and to ap-
“point a commission of
inquiry without delay.
» “I have also request-
ed the Minister to re-
‘verse the decision to
‘dismiss a large part of
“the study body, thus en-
‘abling the students to
‘return to Fort Hare in
order to continue with
‘and complete their stu-
dies.

“The allegations
which continue to flow
from Fort Hare sug-
jgested that the rector
pas lost control and has

ade statements and

4700/1697

decisions which would
be more appropriate at
a reformatory than ata
university.

“Clearly many staff
members, both Black
and White, do not sup-

“port the desperate ac-

tions taken by the rec-
tor.

“The problem is com-
pounded by the fact
that -while the South
African Government is
administering the uni-
versity, the Ciskei Gov-
ernment is responsible
for law and order.

“Some very scary sto-
ries tell of policemen
armed with machine-.
guns, shotguns and
quirts patrolling the en-
trances to lecture halls
and police trucks re-
moving students from
the campus.

“The first priority is
that the university
authorities themselves
should restore calm and
that students be allow-
ed to continue with
their studie spending
an independent inquiry
set up by the Minister
of Education and Train-
ing,” Dr Boraine said.

In Durban, about 800
students of the Univer-
sity of Natal’s Medical

‘School have, begun an

indefinite boycott of
lectures in protest

39

SOUTH AFRICA

ould against the suspension
of Fort Hare students.

A spokesman for the
Medical Students Rep-
resentative Council
said they had decided to
boycott academic activi-
ties on the campus until
all the suspended Fort
Hare students were un-
conditionally re-
instated.

“We condemn the in-
trasigent attitude of
the Fort Hare Universi-
ty authorities and the
continued harassment
of students and sympa-
thetic staff by the uni-
-versity’s administrative

staff.

“Telegrams from
various organisations
have been sent to Fort
Hare University and
petitions are also being
drawn up to be sent to
the university,” the

~ spokesman added.

The ‘South African
Black Inter-Varsity
Committee also issued
a statement saying
there was “concerted
action” by State auth-
orities on Black cam-
puses to “suppress and
repress whatever mini-
mal human dignity
there is left at these
institutions.”

— Sapa.



Share Price Changes 1981-1982

Company. + 1981 1982 -Change Of mid-share
price over the period

~ June 30, 1981, to July

1, 1982

18 16 —11,1%

110-97 . ~11,8%
160 130 . -18,7%
36(«26—CtiwS -27,7%
300 215 —28,3%
120 = 80 -33,3%
8555 . —35,2%
110. 70 -36,3%
35022 . ~37,1%
400.245 —38,7%
95 57 a -40,0%
659 -41,9%
py 70 °. ~. = 44,0%
125 70 . = 44,0%
nm 7 ©.” =44,0%
36 (20 = 44,4%
100-55 —45,0%
370 200 =45,9%
94 «500 -46,8%
145° 0=«7 —— - 46,8%
199 100 : -47,3%

|. price over: the peri
June 30, 1981, ‘to. july

70


TRADE FLOW STRANGLED BY FOREIGN CASH PROBLEMS

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

THE shortage of foreign currency
in’ Zambia -and the delay with
which letters“of credit ‘are issued
are some of the factors inhibiting
the free flow of trade between this
country and Zambia.

This was the view expressed by
spokesmen of some of the 18 Zim-
babwe companies that attended the
‘Ndola-international trade fair held
in Zambia from July 1 to 17. ”

In a-snap survey conducted by
The Gazette, the company spokes
men said there was great potential
for - business . between \ the two
countries which‘ could ‘only be
realised when barriers limiting the
frée flow of trade between the two.
countries were removed, hen

‘The public relations manager o!
Zisco,. Mr * Morrison Sifelani,
whose company exhibited at the
fair, said the potential for business
in Zambia was unlimited. . “7

“The potential is so good that
we might have to update our
operations to meet demand. The
only limiting factor is-the availa-
bility of foreign currency for
Zambian traders,”” he said.

Mr Sifelani said he expected
business to pick up to more than
$2m in about 18 months. He also
said the company’s marketing

cso: 4700/1695

division would be going back to
Zambia to. assess further the
mechanics of harnessing the poten-
tial. * :

“Zambia is importing steel from
Japan, West Germany, India and
other countries but I think Zim-
babwe is in a position to meet its
needs, We would like to break into
that market but some. companies
are offering more flexible credit
facilities and therefore Zambian
traders are obliged to buy from
them,” said Mr Sifelani.

Mr Graham Elliot, the agricul

tural’ sales division manager of
Tinto Industries said his company
exhibited’ a- wide ‘range’ of agri-
sultural’ machinery which in-
terested ‘local’ farmers, and the
- company’s agents in Zambia had

“indicated a great demand for the

ery.”

“However, “exports to Zambia
are’ severely hampered’ by. the.
country’s iack’of foreign currency
and the delay with which letters of,
credit are issued.’ We are, however,
hopeful-of securing export orders
as a result of the show but this is
dependent on Zambia’s foreign ex-
change: position. Indications are
favourable but they mean nothing
without the money,” Mr Elliot

said. V0"

79

a ee
{
i

ZIMBABWE

Sorbaire;’‘a division of Guthrie
Holdings,’ exhibited paraffin and
gas operated freezers and fridges.
The company’s managing director;
Mr Frank Guthrie, said export
orders worth $900 000 were made.
“We had no competition from *
black Africa — the only competi-
tion coming from South Africa —
and I would say the fair was a
success,”” he said: :

Prior to the trade fair, William
‘Smith and Gourock had landed an
export order for -tarpaulins and,
because of the potential which
existed in Zambia, the company’
decided to exhibit at the Ndola
trade fair. ,

Mr Peter Lowrie, of the sales
division of Filtration Marketing
Services, a’ division of William
Smith and ‘Gourock, said the
company exhibited army webbing,
sleeping ‘bags, canvas tarpaulins,
PVC tents and wood burning
stoves. .

‘“Qur main market is with the
Government and the military and
the response was very good. We
had very little competition from
other African countries and the
high quality products we produce
can compete very favourably with
such countries as India and
Pakistan,” Mr Lowrie said.



287015

JPRS 81617

24 August 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2679

690 71608661

| eeproouceo 6Y
» NATIONAL TECHNICAL
_ INFORMATION SERVICE | |

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ety
SERMGFIELD, VA ZIG | ¢

|

|

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
|

fOR
A&G



MADAGASCAR

Briefs
Volkmar Kohler on Assistance

MALAWI

Further Reportage on Chirwa Treason Trial
(AFRICA AFP, 30 Jul 82) .csssccescaccececercuseceuces sees

NAMIBIA

SWAPO's Military Structure Examined
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 6 Aug 82) ...ssseseeeececeeees .

Lucia Hamutenya Possibly Picked Up by Security Police
(Karl Gowaseb; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 6 Aug 82) .......

DTA-Damara Clash Could Have Legal Implications
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 3 Aug 82) ...

Western Line Said Loading Dice Against Namibia
(Bill Hulme; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 3 Aug 82) ..

Latest Western Negotiations Sterile, Says Top Analyst
(THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 6 Aug 82) .........

Briefs
Walvis Bay Construction

NIGER

Briefs
Uranium Miners Strike

NIGERIA

Shagari Seeks Disciplined, Technologically Advanced Army
(GASKIYA TA FI KWABO, 10 Jul 82) ..cscccccscccscececeves .

Briefs
Akintola on Oil Dependence
Muslim Election Registration Call
New Fulani Organization

SENEGAL

Democratic Change in Power Reported To Be Unlikely
(Adama Gaye, Mark Doyle; WEST AFRICA, 2 Aug 82) .......4.

16

17

19

20

21

23

25

27

28

29

30

30

31



NAMIBIA

BRIEFS

WALVIS BAY CONSTRUCTION--Railway Construction (Cape), a part of the Racec
Group, has been awarded a contract for the replacement of existing crane
and rail lines with a new rail network designed to service the soon to be
expanded quay wall at Walvis Bay Harbour. . The main contractors on the
project, Underwater Construction, have already started work on the all-
concrete reconstruction of three berths in an existing seven-berth quay
wall at the harbour. The project involves reconstructing the wall berth by
berth so as to allow for a minimum interruption of normal ship handling
activities, In accordance with this need, Railway Construction will be
required to rip up the old crane and railway lines stage by stage, replacing
them with the new network required to meet future cargo demands at the
harbour, All the rails will be laid within concrete decks and Railway
Construction will also be responsible for resurfacing the marshalling and
loading areas, The entire project is due for completion towards the end of
1983, Railway Construction (Cape) recently expanded its activities to
encompass road construction in addition to its normal rail construction
operations. [text] [Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 6 Aug 82
p 18

cso: 4700/1704

27



through sport and ‘social
integration with:four pro-
vineial ‘branches and elgnt
clubs, a lack of funds -has
recently resulted in. the
suspension of development
plans for ° sporting,  re-
creational ‘and rehabilita-
tion facilities,

NEVER AS LOW.”

; “Our. funds have’ never
been."as low as they are
now: Many public-
spirited’people’ who sup-
ported us before. have left
Zimbabwe, profitability in!
the private sector has de-!
creased, while costs’ and
demands © for: help ‘from’
charitable bodies’ have in-
creased,” Colonel Grain-
ger sald. pall

A solution to the present
cash crisis facing welfare
organisations appears hard
to find, but 4 prominent
black businessman who has
himself been engaged in
humanitarian worl for
many years did not mince
his words when he. said:
“Only the war-wounded
have a right to ‘be sup-

ported by the State.

“In. the past our ex-
tended family. system en-
sured that handicapped
people were taken care of
within the community.
Now they are placed in
various institutions for
society to support,

“People simply cannot
dump: their handicapped

cso: 4700/1695

family members and ask
society to bear .the bur-
den.” ,

Asked what in his opi-
nion could constitute an
answer, Colonel Grainger
expressed the view that
many welfare organisa-
tions might still. be re-
garded as being “white-
orientated with black
leadership content to take
a back seat”: :
- "I pelieve implicitly
that any . organisation
which ts not wholly repre-
sentative. of the veople,
not only ‘at gyassroots
level but at that ‘of policy
and. decision-making is
wholly wrong,” Colonel
Grainger said.

Post-independence _ ex-
perience had proved in
other African states, such
‘as Kenya, that many wel-
fare bodies collapsed fol-
lowing a white exodus.

“They. have then been

- resuscitated allowing. the

local people to find and
form their own leadership
to cope with their own
problems,” he added.
Serious doubts have also
been expressed in. many
quarters about. money be-
ing collected for “bricks
and mortar” as in the case
of the $225 000 recently
raised for the new nation-

val cancer centre in central

Harare.

86

COMBATING
-OMBATING =

“AN the . organisations
‘combating cancer in Zim-
babwe . already have
adequate premises in
which to, carry out this
important work, There is
no justification for spend-
ing this sott of money on
pricks and ‘mortar at a
time when there . is: 50
much work to bée done in
the rural areas,” a spokes:
man said,

Facing ruin _ the
Boclety of the Destitute
Aged (SODA) whdse sec-
retary, Mr John Njerere,
said last week that having
completed a residential
home for 24 old people in
Highfield: there was now
Bo money for furniture or
running costs, .

Our’ finances are ‘|
terrible shape, Donations
have almost stopped com-
ing in and we are facing
ruin,”. Mr Njerere said.

Summing up the situa- |
tion, Mr Bob Stumbles,
chairman of the National
Assoclation of | Societies
‘or the Care of the Handi-
capped (NASCOH) said tis
organisation was strong-
ly advocating the elimina-
tion of unnecessary dis-
sipation or duplicatiom of
labour, effort, facilities
ant finance among welfare
societies in Zimbabwe,

"It is apparent that
sources .of finance previ-
ously ‘available to many
of the associations dealing
with the disabled are

dwindling and this must
have serious _repercus-
sions,"'Mr Stumbles said.



cial improvements: aa well
as, concern. .. themselves
with ways and means of
attracting private’ invest-
ment and creating .em-
=ployment,”. .. Meet
The purpose of the
rural service centres was
essentially to improve the
level’ of service to the
rural community, Ode
Chikowore seid.

About’ 500 such centres
had been selected by the
Department of Physioal
Planning in consultation
with the district councils,
but the Government did
not have the money or
the capacity to develop
these centres at one time:

‘As a result one or two
centres ins each district
had been: selected as
areas where public’ sector
investment would. initially
take place, These centres
had been chosen because
they were considered the
most important sites .by
the people in those ‘areas
and wlso: had the ! most
promising © potential : .for
development, ‘

‘tnvestment in Rural Areas Will Pay Off"

ENSURING ...

“By . concentrating ‘on
the development ‘of the
district: service «centres,
we are, at least ensuring
that social facilities, ser-
vices and other requires
ments, are equitably
distributed,” he seid.

Stressing® the -need-‘for
| proper planning,’ Cde Chi-
kkowore said much ‘criti
sm had been. voiced again-

cst. the practice of havin;

high-density. residential
-development on’ the lee-
“ward” side of industrial
sites.

“Our long-term objective
should be one of creating
single urban entities an

.we should not perpetuate
the present ‘twin towfi’
concept,” he maid:

‘Cde Chikowore.said that

"the Communal Lend Bill,

now before Parliament,
would, if passed, be a'ma-
sjor step forward and
would help to attract pri-
. vate. investment in. the
‘communal areas, The Bill
proposes the grant ‘of
freehold titles in selected
centres,. -

MORE than $1 billion will
be invested by the public
sector this year, and
much of {t will: be spent
on improving communal
areas, the Deputy Minis-
ter of Economic Planning
and Development, Cde
Chimbidzai — Sanyangare,
said on Friday. ~

Speaking at the opening
of the. Maungwe Agricul-
tural Show in Weya, Cde
Sanyangare said the mas-
sive investment in the
communal lands was an
attempt by the Govern-
ment to make up for past
neglect,

‘the’ Government. also
considers that it is sensi-
ble to spend large sums of
money in the .communal
lands, for it is in these
areas that rapid growth in

cso: 4700/1695

agricultural production is
possible, given the need-
ed infrastructure and ser-
vices,

“Tt is also true that

farmers, small . and: big,..

together with private and
public companies and cor-
porations, invest’: more
than the Government.”

,Cde Sanyangare , said
much of the progress ‘of
Maungwe was a result of
the success of the savings
club scheme.

“The Government is
aware of the need to
save on a national scale,
it is important that these
savings are subjected to a
diligent policy of invest-
ment in the production of
goods and services that

contribute to the further |

growth and’ development

81

“of the fiational economy, {

“The ‘Government | will
seek to follow’ a policy:
of active, participation ia
the economy, "We shall _

not Jeave development of
our industries to, for-
eigners; The Government
is, bent on taking an in+
creasing participation ‘in
the private sector of our
national economy.”

Cde -Sanyangare said
Jast year approximately
$3 million was: invested
jn savings elubs, which
was a commendable
achievement, but there
was room for further
expansion of the scheme
to. enable even more
people to buy in bulk for
a-varlety of income-gen-
erating projects. }



GHANA

PLACING PWD UNDER MILITARY ADMINISTRATION QUESTIONED
AB061916 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 6 Aug 82
[Station commentary]

[Text] The ProvisionalNational Defense Council [PNDC] secretary for works
and. housing has ‘announced measures aimed at restructuring some organizations
under his ministry. Among other measures, it has been decided that the Public
Works Department [PWD] be placed under military administration. There will be
a military management’which would be directed by the chief of staff of the
PNDC office and the secretary for works and housing.

The restructuring of all state institutions is a fundamental. component of the
national democratic revolution. As. stated’ in the preamble to the policy
guidelines of the PNDC, the operations of all existing institutions under

the various ministries must *be examined to find out how they promote the loss
of capital resources’and incomes’ to foreign interest groups and to restructure
them to satisfy solely the national.interest.

But having accepted the importance of restructuring all state institutions
to.make them serve the interest of the people, the next important issue is
the form that the exercise must’ take, In the main, there is. the need to make
more democratic the decision-making process’ in all ministries and state
organizations so that the workers in these places can take part in arriving
at what policies are to be undertaken. The general mass of the people must
also. be enabled to influence the direction and substance of policies of
state institutions.

The specific form in which the secretary for works and housing wants to re-
organize the PWD is that the placing of the department under military
administration poses.a number of problems. In the first place, the Ministry
of Works and Housing seems to be partially relinquishing its responsibility
in seeing ‘to the proper running of the department under it by partly placing
the PWD under the chief of staffof the PNDC office. Secondly, placing the
department under military administration does not answer the issue of
involving the workersin that organization in the decision-making process.
Also, if it is recognized that there are some qualified military personnel



Business Leaders Welcome Budget

BUSINESS leaders yesterday weleomed the Budget, although some’ questioned certain aspects.
Most said the Budget was fair, but’ believed the increases in the prices of cigarettes, beer,

petrol and diesel fuel |
were “too high”. i

Mr Bill Burdett-Coutts,
chairman of the Stock E:
change, said: ‘The presen-
tation of the Budget was /
masterly, and under -the’
circumstances fair, Indus-
try will welcome the fur-
ther postponement in the
introduction of the reduced
initial allowances, .

“Mining will welcome
the $50 million subsidy.”

He said the “massive
plans” for development
would give industry a tre-
mendous boost in the com-
ing year,

“The indication that .
some sort of invest-
ment guide is being pre-
pared is also most wel-
come.”

Mr Allan Paterson, the
president of the CZI, com-
menting in his personal .
capacity, said; ‘The Bud-
get was well devised under
difficult circumstances. It
does not underestimate the
difficulties of the coming
year, . .

“I was particularly
pleased on two points, the
first being that the minis-
ter stated quite clearly
that the contribution to
the fiscal year would be!

made by all sections of
the community,

“Secondly, the Budget
has been planned to ser-
vice recurring expenditure
and the national debt, thus
moving away from the
heavy deficit budgeting
of.the last two years,

“Industry is pleased
that direct taxation has
not gone up, and I am
gratified that the special
initial allowances have
been carried forward to
this year. Industry should
respond by greater in-
vestment.”

PERSONAL TAX
. On the question of per-
sonal tax, which is at 60
percent for the higher in-
come brackets, he said:
“This is @ level used by
@ number of ‘other coun-
tries, but I believe we in
Zimbabwe will reach that
level at a lower threshold,
although at’ this stage I
have not researched this
thoroughly,”

The president of ACCOZ,
Mr Abner Botsh, said:
“ACCOZ would like to
congratulate the minister
for his determination to
finance recurrent expendi-
ture from revenue and his
obvious awareness of the
extreme severity of the
economic circumstances in

“which Zimbabwe and the
international community
find themselves,

51

“We are, however, con-
cemed at the sharp
creases in recurrent ex-
penditure and feel that
unless drastic . measures
are taken to keep skilled
manpower and other ex-
pertise, the capital bud-
get may well be too ambi-
tious,”*

INCENTIVES

Mr Botsh said he was
not convinced that cus-
toms duty would lead to
a more effective allocation
of scarce foreign. resour-
ces and he feared ‘the in-
flationary aspects.

He was disappointed
that incentives for busi-
nessmen to boost exports
had not been enlarged
upon.

“{ am also disappointed
at the lack of specific in-
centives to attract foreign
investment and boost
foreign currency earnings.

“While I welcome the
reinstatement of the spe-
cial initial allowance, I
would have wished to see a
longer-term view, for the
allowances to have mean-
ingful impact on new in-
vestment.”

He realised that certain
matters would be referred
to the proposed new tax
commission and he urged
that it should be appoint-
ed soon,



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

POLICE IMPOUND PASSPORTS--Zimbabweans traveling from Botswana by train had
their passports impounded by plainclothes policemen in Bulawayo at the week-
end, Plainclothes policemen converged on passengers disembarking from the
Francistown-Bulawayo train on Saturday morning at the Bulawayo station and
told passengers to hand over their passports. Passengers were first told to
wait for their passports outside the station but later the officer in
charge of the operation told them to collect their passports at the Bulawayo
Central Police Station yesterday. Only Zimbabwean passport-holders were
affected. Passengers were told holiday allowance allocations were being
investigated. Angry passengers, mostly women carrying young children,
shouted at the policemen when they heard the instructions and all complained
that they had neither food nor accommodation to last the weekend. They had
to report for work yesterday and could not waste the weekend in Bulawayo.-~
Ziana [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 3 Aug 82 p 5]

ZANU (PF) ORGANIZATION--ZANU (PF) Mashonaland East will restructure the
party there this weekend, the area's acting publicity secretary, Dr Edward
Pswarayi said yesterday. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 3 Aug 82 p 1]

ZAPU VICTORY--Beitbridge-~ZAPU won all the seats in the Beitbridge Rural
Council Ward 8 elections on Thursday. According to results announced by the
secretary for the Mwenezi-Beitbridge Rural Council, Mr Basil Butcher, ZAPU
won four seats in a straight contest with ZANU (PF).--Ziana [Text] [Harare
THE HERALD in English 31 Jul 82 p 1]

CURRENCY QUOTA CUT--Foreign currency allocations for the commercial and
industrial sector have been cut by a minimum of 9 percent from their April
level, the Minister of Trade and Commerce, Cde Richard Hove, said yesterday.
At the annual general meeting of the Gweru Chamber of Commerce, Cde Hove
said the July to September quota for foreign currency had been cut but,
because of certain priority allocations within the commercial sector, it was
probable that importers of average priority goods would find their alloca-
tions reduced by more than 9 percent. Trext] [Harare THE HERALD in English
3 Aug 82 p 1]

93



RATIO OF CURRENT ORDINARY SHARE PRICE
TO BALANCE SHEET (NET ASSET) VALUE

Balance sheet Actual price
value of ord. — per ord. share . Ratio
shares (cents) ~ at 1 July 1982

5138,0 - 245 0,04
337,3 19° 0305
19247 >, 13 0,06
839,9 72 0,08
ve 2097 20 0,09
© 936,58 00° 23 0,09
387,5 ; 40 -0,10
UT 130,11
316,5°* 350,11
149,0.: 22 0,15
153,4° 25 - 0516
"1159" 2°20 - 0,17
W253... 20,19
256,55 55° 0,21
166,1 36. 0,21
~ 7 30539 65 0,21
2,3 16 0,22
165;0 +37. 0,22
20,7 05 (0,24
64,9 18 0,27
353,4 105 0.29
234,9 , 70 .0,29
65,1 20 - 0,30
483,0 148 (0,31
81,2 26 0,32
154,6 50. 0,32
52,9 17 > 0,32
168,2 57 0,33 |
205,0 70 0,34:
264;8° 94. 0535
237,2 90. 0,37
103,7 40 0,38
1972, 75 0,38"
17,0 30 0,39
114,0 45 0,39
224,0 87 0,39
222;5 90. 0,40
248,6 115° 0,46
218;2 90 (0,41
135,7 70 0,41
164;1 70. 0,42,
103,0 55 0,53
150,3 80. 0,53
86,3 50 0,57
159,2 97 (0,61
.157,6 100 0,63
1982 - .. 135° 0,68
3115 215° 0,69
99,8, 70 0,70
181,8 130 | 0,71
58,5 42 0,71
212,2 165 0,77
89,5 71 0,86
146,6 200 1,36

CSO: 4700/1696

72



cso:

‘A recent communiqué from the PDS

said: “The combination of two methods
could give three quarters of the seats at the
National Assembly to a party which won
just 50 per cent of the votes — all of the 60
local seats on the Departmental list and 30
of the seats on the National list. This would
clearly be a great injustice”.

In fact slightly more than 50 per cent of
the votes would be required for this to
happen. But it is true that the PS would
only require a small Departmental majori-
ty to win all of the Department list seats. A
small majority on the National list would
then ensure a comfortable majority at the
National Assembly. The PS is in any case
likely to do better at the national level
. because of its national presence via, it must
be said, the local administrations who will
be overseeing the vote.

If you find this complex, imagine how

the average peasant in Matam or Velingara
will feel when confronted by the ballot
paper! It is likely that he or she will only
have heard of the PS or the now largely
discredited PDS (West Africa, October 5,
1981). It has also been alleged that
the public voting system — voters will be
able to vote in view of officials — would
favour the PS. The officials at the Voting
Bureaux — most of whom are likely to be
PS supporters — would “help” illiterate
voters.

The Presidential elections are a world

apart from the Legislative elections.’

Although Abdou Diout has yet to present
himself formally as the candidate, it is

4700/1698

33

~ confidently understood that he will be the

man. No other party has so far presented a
candidate; probably because they realise
the impossibility of winning the contest.
Diouf's popularity is impressive; it rests on
a remarkable ability to be seen to do what
the opposition demands. One need only
cite the wiping out ‘of peasant debts in
1981, the closing down of the corrupt State
buying agency “Oncad” and even the
ouverture itself to prove this point. There
is only one possible President.

The fight for the use of the public media,
the Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision
Sénégalaise and the daily paper, Le Soleil —
has been won by the Parti Socialiste (was
there ever any real competition?) Under
the new Code, fifty per cent of the airtime
and column inches devoted to political

propaganda would be set aside for the’

opposition parties and the other half would
be reserved for the “‘ruling parties” (ie The
PS). But talk of coalition is in any case
highly theoretical when, in the opposition
camp, ideological dogma would probably
tule out such an option. Also, coalitions
are, formally, illegal before the elections.

For all of these reasons it is questionable
whether a democratic change in political
power is possible in Senegal in the short
term. It has been admitted by Government
ministers that the Code is designed, in any
case, to ensure “Stable Presidential Gov-
ernment.” This Electoral Code has clearly
been designed by the PS with a win in
mind. Allis faipin Love and War, and even
in Politics.,



But the separatist movement hasbeen a continual destabilising factor in the
area as its fighters swept down the mountains to harrass and loot tows
and tribes at the foot.

The rebels would retreat up the mountains before Uganda army reinforcements
arrived, and government troops always found the climb up the rugged
mountain trails too difficult. (AFP)

sO: 4700/1694

45



the system would produce
revenue more quickly than
at present,

He stressed this was
“a timing adjustment”
and not an increase in the
tax, burden. 1

Cde Chidzero also pro-
duced a few concessions in
his budget.

These are:

@ Postponement in the
intended reduction of spe-
cial initial allowances and

mining capital allowances.’
‘These both allow . com-/
panies to claim.a 100 per-
cent tax abatemént in the!
first year on capital
developments, and were
due to be reduced this year
to 30 percent. .
@ The $50 customs duty
rebate on passenger bag-
gage goes up to $100, and
the rebate on free gifts
goes up so that duty is
only paid on goods worth
$30 or more.

Estate duty levels are
restored to $60 000 — but

Budget Comment

THE .economic package
that the Minister of Fin-
ance, Economic Planning
nd Development, Dr Ber-
nard Chidzero, handed the
Zimbabwean private and
pute sectors yesterday

as many good features.

The news that the min-
ing industry is to get $50
million has come as a
great relief. Mangula, one
of the mines badly affec~
ted by low prices, had ear-
Kier on asked the Govern-
ment to allow it to close
because “operations were
no longer profitable.”

‘The decision to allocate
50m will mean that thou-
sands of jobs will not be

- lost in the industry,

Defence spending 1s.
down by $10m, and con-
sidering the internal and
external threats to this
country, one woud have
expected more money to
have been allocated to it.

‘The tragedy in our coun-
try is that part of the
money needed to run the
country during the com-

only in the case of
“surviving spouses”,
‘The reason for this was

to. deal with the case
where inherited immovable
property — like a family
hhome.— had to be sold in
order to raise tash to pay
the estate duty,

de Chidzero also an-
nounced that in the im-
pending commission of in-
quiry ‘into the country's
taxation system, the
“vexed question” ‘of the
taxation of married
couples would be exam-
ined. .

‘He also promised seriou
consideration of a land
tax,

In general terms, he
described the Budget as
one “restraint in recur-

rent expenditure, expan+
sion in capital ‘develop-
ment and discipline in
overall , resource manage-
ment”.

Prospects forthe year
ahead “do mot seem
bright”, he said. The min-
ing sector was working at

Ing firiancial year will be
used to fight ZAPU dissi-
dents and South African
agents of destruction,

‘It is money which has,
to be spent, of course, and
if the bandits continue in
destabilising the country
the costs will get greater
by the year, Money will go
into the barrels of guns in-
stead of into constructive
ways to make life better
for all. This is what sup-
porters of bandits have to
take into account when
development in their areas
Dogs down, _ ;

Fiousing in bigh -den-
sity areas gets $60m and
$1im has been allocated to
resettlement, Thus, in
essence, the Government is
committed to its already
stated policies of resettle-
ment, and new lands wil
be acquired to absorb the
population which is in ex-
cess of the safe carrying
capacity of the present-

y peasant sector,

It will also ensure that

50

@ loss, agriculture was
under pressure, and manu-
facturing was strained by
lack ‘of investment and
excessive demand,

In addition there were
the problems of skills
shortages, and rising costs.

He urged MPs not to
“hide our heads in the eu-
phoria of the past two
years”, adding: “Certainly

we cannot hide our heads
in_ostrich style.”
However, by the efforts
of the country and with
the “eager-to-help” world
community, growth was
possible, .
One very bright aspect
of. the present: situation
was that the ‘disequili-
bria” now faced by the
country were “signs of

growth and dynamic
change, rather than of
stagnation”.

‘The greatest hope for
the country unde. its cir-
cumstances was: the op-
eration of a plan for force-
ful and dynamic invest-
ment for growth. *

commercial farming land
is able to continue to pro-
vide the bulk of the coun-
try’s food requirements, &
surphis for export and in-
puts for industrial pro-
duction,

Education gets the larg-
est piece of the ‘Budget
cake,.and this is In tine
with the Government's
three - year development
ian,

But there can be no
doubt that the strains on
the economy are not eas-

hey may even become
worse, with the heavy cost
of bringing .in fuel, the
continuing world recession,
.and the need to help those
industries hit by it,

All all, for the man
in the street, the Budget
hag been fair.

It would have been
psychologicaliy bad to
hit his pocket hard, de-
spite the fact that all
appreciate the difficulties
that this country has faced
during the past two year:



COMPANY REPORTS REFLECT STATE OF NATION

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 p 28

[text]

‘TWO of the nation’s most dj
mic industrial - companies’: have
produced’ reports this week deser-
ving a close look by the financial
authorities, Both are involved in

basic aspects of manufacturing’

and neither can be said to be cater-
ing to luxury tastes.

The companies are Plate Glass
Industries and Mashonaland Ho!
ings. Their analyses are as good
summary of what {s happening as
can be found anywhere.

Mashonaland Holdings’ chair-
man Mr Terry Hardy speaks of the
efforts the company has made in
training, industrial relations and
rates of pay. .

“Unfortunately in recent times
our hopes have largely been
dashed. Every one of our compan-
ies is short of skilled personnel and,
young executives, and in some
companies the shortage of such
men is starting to have serious
deleterious effects.

“This, combined with a short-
age of foreign currency, toge-
ther with frequent labour unrest
caused mainly by irresponsible
political and trade union agitators,
causes not only inefficiency and
higher costs but puts great strain
‘on management and is one of the
principal reasons why still. more
qualified executives have left the
country.””

SERIOUS :

In the brickmaking division the
position is - particularly serious.
‘There has béen continuing indust-
rial unrest and the chairman says
“there is undoubtedly a small core
of persons constantly fermenting

trouble.” To add to the problems
sales are dropping and there is a
virtual squatter problem with
2.000 people living in the main
brick field where the accommo-
dation is for 50 families. Theft has
become widespread.

The forecast is that profits are
unlikely to be maintained this year
and stocks of finished bricks are
too high. There has been a cut-
back in facebrick prodution and
other lines will also be reduced.

The same pattern is evident i:
the engineering and electrical divi-
sion, In November last production
reached a record level, mainly due
to new machinery which had been
installed ‘‘and our future seemed
prosperous’ and assured. The
“change came all too rapidly.”

Rivalry between trade unions
broke.out and there was deliberate
provocation of labour unrest. At

Relmo, - electric motor makers,

production fell drastically.

“Rival ‘trade union meetings
were held and lies became the
cause of further unrest. As a direct
result, plus many threats, direct
and implied of physical violence,
we lost the services of the general
manager of Relmo. His second in
‘command accepted the challenge
and was promoted but he too has
now left our employ and has left
‘the country;

Despite this Relmo had an exce-
ptional year. However the volume
of orders is falling away and the
company is in the ludicrous
situation of seeing « imported
motors being bought “despite the
fact that our own production is of

46

ZIMBABWE

a very high quality at only 12% of
the imported costs of the foreign
motors.””

>, / “FORCED
Mr Hardy warns that the
country will be forced into import-

ing. winding wire if the M-E Wire
company does not get new machin-
ery. This is using the same plant
designed and built 12 years ago. A
British company has agreed to sell
working drawings of some of its
equipment which will then be made
here at very’ little cost compared
with that for importing new equip-
ment.

At Airflo the situation is some-
what better. There is an effective
and active worker’s committee
which takes a great interest in the

“company’s wellbeing. However
export orders "have fallen off
‘because currency allocations mean
deliveries are unable'to be made in
areasonable time.

GOOD YEAR .

In the motor division Conso-
lidated Motors had a very good
year'and Blooms Motor Supplies
in Gweru was bought plus 49% of
Shaw-Carter Company.

But'it was a bad year for Conso-
lidated Transport Services. In the
last three months turnover and
profits fell away alarmingly. ‘The
company is barely meeting its
costs, even at the operating level,
and unless the position improves
soon; we will have to consider

‘closing down certain of the opera-

tions.” During the ‘year § and S
Transport was bought. This does



STATE PLEDGES SUPPORT FOR CO-OP TRANSPORT

Harare THE HERALD in English 30 Jul 82 p 3

[Text]

cso:

ZIMBABWE

THE Government is anxious to scrap the present form of rural passenger
transport which is.a waste of the’ economic life of vehicles, the Minister

of Roads and Road Traffic, Cde

-,In adiition to carrying
Massengers, rural. buses
jarried agricultural pro-
duce, furniture, oil drums
and even scotch carts,
which had a detrimental
effect on the economic life
of vehicles, Cde Ngwenya

told delegates to the
Zucco annual congress.
“When one considers

the amount of foreign
currency invested in the
purchasing and building of
@ bus, it cannot but have
an undesirable effect on
the national economy,” he
said.

It was necessary that a
separate form of goods
and passenger. transport
be developed for the rural
areas,

Cde Ngwenya said the
present system of private
enterprise in rural pass-
enger transport would be
retained with stringent

4700/1695

restrictions on mTMmon-
opolistic tendencies, while
the Government would en-
courage and give financial
support to the formation
of goods transport co-
operatives.

‘These transport ¢o-
operatives would form the
basis of the movement of
goods from rural areas to
towns or railheads.

Cde Ngwenya said the
ministry’s programme in
the three-year national
development plan had

articular emphasis on

he rural areas,

Some of the roads
would be paved, but be-
cause of. limited financial
resources, coupled with
the Government's desire
to provide as many good
roads as possible, some of
them would be built to all-
weather gravel standards
only.

75

Daniel Ngwenya, said

yesterday,



inerald Hin School’ for
the Deaf in Harare which
has 139 eniidren, aged be-
tween four ;
rincipal, Mr Albert
arin 2 that the

ts for each child.
could not be used to buy’
essential books since “then
there would be no money’
to feed the children”. '
“This fee. has to cover
boarding, medication, |
transport and’ equipment. |
Hearing aids are very ex-
pensive while the money.
we are forced to spend on |
batteries for them is pro-|
ibitive with rising costs.
——$—__——
CLOSE DOWN

—<<—<—<—<—

‘we badly need new!
machines, Our firiances are |
horribly low and unless |
financial help is forthcom-
ing we may be forced to|
close down,” Mr Karikoga
said. .

In meantime he
described .the school as
“struggling but still living
i — even if-otly just”. :
“ Nobody needing help is
ever turned away from
the doors of the St Giles
“Rehabilitation Centre in
Harare, but for just how
slong those doors will be
‘able to remain open is
questionable, .
‘The centre's accountant,
Mrs Rhoda Jolly, did aot
concéal her concern -as
she recounted how dona-
tions had fallen from
$197 000 during the last
financial year to $134 000
in the present. one.

ESCALATED

During ‘the same period
running costs had escalat-
ed from. $567000 to
$727 000."

“In the’ past we had
money. We got ‘money.
We kept going. Now we
are cutting corners to
carry ‘on, ,drawing on
dwindling * reserves and
could be facing closure |
in time,” Mrs Jolly said.

She blamed rising ex-
penditure, ‘falling dona-
tions“and the increasing
number -of -patients being
treated free of charge for
the deficit. :

Medical. and para-medi-
cal staff salaries were
wholly paid by the Gov-

ernment while — about
-$15000 a .month was
realised from treatment
charges, hospitalisation
and children's hostel fees.

“But more and more
people. are coming for-
ward. for treatment who
cannot afford to pay and
nobody: needing help is
ever turned away. During
the past ‘year wé have
spent. some $19000 on
these free. cases while at
the same'time it has be-

come much harder , to-|

raise funds.

“Our collection boxes.
which used to be popular
are no longer wanted since
they constitute a responsi-
bility against being stolen,
so our revenue is falling
in -every direction,” Mrs
Jolly said.

" Fund-raisiig constituted
a vital part of the Zim-
care ‘Trust's viability
which’ in centres. through-

out the country cares for
mentally : handicapped
adults and children.

‘The trust’s director, Mr
Nigel Collings’ said. mem-
bers of the white com-
munity who had been
‘actively engaged in fund-
raising projects were
Jeaving the country.

As a result donations
were dropping while many
commercial ‘concerns
which used,'to give indi-

vidually had amalgamated
to form one group from
cwhich now only a single
donation .could be ex-
pected, Mr Collings said.
“We are not yet biting
into our capital reserves
but may have to,” com-
mented Mr David Robert-
son, manager of ,Harare’s.
Dorothy Duncan | Centre
for 53 blind and physic-
ally handicapped people,

DETERIORATED

“Our financial position
has deteriorated badly
this last year. Donations
have dropped as have re-
ceipts from our flag days,

“We are not desperate
yet but there ig little’ sign
of light at the end of the
tunnel,” Mr Robertson
said.

His sentiments -were
echoed by Mr Jatros Jiri,
founder and life president
of the association which
bears his name caring for

85

1500 handicapped adults

and children throughout
Zimbabwe.

“Financially we are in a
terrible state. Unless the
public comes forward to
support our work we shall
be facing an ~ unequal
struggle,” Mr Jiri said.
"To make the rural peo-
ple more aware of the
assoclation’s work, fetes
were being held to raise
funds in the communal
lands.

LEAVING

“Many former white
donors are leaving and
the black community must
now undertake the res-
ponsibility of providing
‘for the handicapped mem-
bers of their society,” Mr
Jirl_ urged,

The exodus of white

‘people who had supported

charitable
in the
that the black population
must “start putting their
hands into thelr own: poc-
kets", in the view of Mr
Tony’ Upfill-Brown, chair-
man: of the Zimbabwe
Cheshire Homes.

Mr Upfill-Brown des-

eribed the country’s first
Cheshire Home in Harare's
Baines Avenue as being
“deep in debt”,

‘organisations |

"We | still owe $30 000°

for, capital ' expenditure
and need money for run-
ning costs. There are now
estimated to be nearly
300 000 disabled ‘people in
this country of which the
Government can cope with
only 6000. What happens
to the ‘rest of them?” he
said, . 2

past now meant

Expressing the - view”

that there were too many
charities chasing ever
dwindling resources, Mr
Upfill-Brown warned that
people must now learn how
to look after themselves.
A. substantial shortfall
in fund-raising had result-
ed in two overseas tours
having been cancelled this
‘year in which handicapped
sportsmen and women
would have taken part, the

chairman’ of the Zimba-°

bwe ‘Association for the
Disabled, . Colonel . Don
Grainger, ‘said. , .
An umbrella’ organisa-
tlon for the rehabilitation

of all forms of disability



LUTHERAN PRIEST DESCRIBES POLICE TORTURE

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 2 Aug 82 p 7

[Article by Allister Sparks]

[text]

fT THE LUTHERAN

Dean of-Venda, a mild

Sand courteous man of

34, recounted at the

weekend how ‘he was

‘tortured by the same
security. police interro-

gators who have just

‘been found, by an in-

‘quest court in that re-

imote tribal homeland,

‘to have beaten one of

this lay preachers to

‘death,

f Dean Simon Fari-
sani,said. he was made
10 do exercises until he

‘collapsed. He was

‘beaten until his eyes
bled and his eardrums

-burst. He was siffo-

Seated under a wet can-

‘vas hood and sub-

jected to electric

‘shocks to the head,

‘spine and genitals until

she lost consciousness.

Three’ weeks after

Khis torture the de-

layed shock to his ner-

‘ous system caused

himi to suffer heart

Hfailure and he nearly

died. He spent three

‘anda half months in

thospital.

a ‘Shock
© Now, six weeks after
his release, he is better
"but still suffering from
emotional shock. His
‘hands carve the air agi-
ftatedly and his voice
| Tises to.a falsetto as he
recounts what hap-
ypened. The Church
[has given’ him three
¢months’ recuperative
jleave and he and his
twife, Regina, are try-
ing to decide whether
they can ever summon
the courage to return
“to Venda where the
‘nightmare occurred.
Farisani believes
what was done to him
twas’ similar to what
“killed the lay preacher,
°Tshifhiwa Muofhe,
iwho’ died within 24
shours of being de-
ftained. Last week an
quest found that two
curity policemen,
‘Captain Muthupphei
Ramaligela and Ser-
geant Phumula Man-
gaga. had beaten him
,to death.
This is the first time
“any inquest court in

40

'South Africa or its ap-~

{pendant tribal regions
“has blamed the secu-
“rity police for the
death of a political de-
;tainee.

Fifty have died in
‘the past 20 years, the
‘best known being
Steve Biko, the Black
¥Consciousness’ leader.
*Past inquests have
tattributéd the deaths
sto accidents, suicide,
‘or simply said the
cause of the fatal inju-
ries was unknown: ©

<This verdict was
given by the former
Chief magistrate of
“Zimbabwe, Stanley
' Stainer, who took up’
“his new job in Venda
Son June 1.

Muofhe, Dean Fari-.
sani and three other
“Lutheran pastors.were
among a number of
Fpeople detained last
<November after Afri-
s¢an National Congress
guerrillas attacked a
;police station in the
‘centre of Venda’s main
i town of Sibasa.

SOUTH AFRICA

Killed

A policeman was
killed in the attack and
the homeland authori-
(ties, jumpy because
| they know they are un-
| popular for accepting
indépendence in South
“Africa's tribal, system,
ordered roadblocks
| and mass arrests.

. Farisani knew of the
‘young preacher's
tdeath when they took
“him away — hardly a
‘comforting thought in
athe days that followed.
First he was locked
cin: a corrugated iron
ell near the Limpopo
{River just north of the

Htopic of capricorn. .

The heat was suffocat-
Ling. But what worried
'Farisani more was that
phis interrogators, the
‘same two. who have
“now been blamed for
*Muofhe’s death, tried
[ito force him to write to
his wife and friends
saying he had fled to,
‘Mozambique.

“T realised if I wrote

sthose letters they could



JPRS 81617

24 August 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2679

ConTENTS

CHAD

Briefs
ADB Aid

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

Briefs
RDLGE Seeking Elections Clarification

GAMBIA

Briefs
Janneh Charged With Embezzlement

GHANA

Civil Service Must Be ‘Radically’ Restructured
(Accra Domestic Service, 11 Aug 82) ...cecesccccesnssceeees

Radio Program Questions Value of Foreign Aid
(Accra Domestic Service, 11 Aug 82) ..lesecceceecceeseeees

Placing PWD Under Military Administration Questioned
(Accra Domestic Service, 6 Aug 82) ..csesescccceccesececes

Need Seen for Holding OAU Meeting in Tripoli
(Accra Domestic Service, 12 Aug 82) ....... bee eeccecesee oe

Briefs
USSR Friendship Forum Address
Accra Legal Status
Air Force Aircraft Crash

LIBERIA

Doe Said To Have Done Good Work in Last 2 Years
(WEST AFRICA, 2 Aug 82) .cseccsccececceccecnececneeeeees

11

12

12

13

-a- {III - NE & A = 120]



NET EARNINGS °
(Page 9),

;NET earnings is the money accr

ing to a company after.tax-and be-!
fore extraordinary times. It‘is the:
prime table for The Gazette rank-;
ing of the 54 industrial companies*
quoted on the Zimbabwe Stock’

Exchange. .

“Turnover shows the amount of

‘money received by the company,
and is another int
size of-an enterprise's. operation.
Note that.the top ten in turnover
are not necessarily the top ten in
net earnings. :

_. NET WORTH
_. go(Page 12)

Net worth is another’ indicator
of size. The Gazette has taken the:
total capital employed by the com-
panies, as detailed in their ‘annual °
Feports.°

~ Quick GUIDELINES TO SURVEY TABLES

NET EARNINGS ~..
TO TURNOVER =:
(Page 14)...”
Net earnings to turnover: shows’
how much of its turnover a comp=’
any has managed to retain-for'net *
earnings, expressed as a percent
age. In a sense,
ability to retain, in the case of Me
lin for example, 10,5 cents in each
dollar “earned. ‘It must be remem:
ibered that different sectors’ of.
business trade’ in different ways
and the retail trade traditionally”
works ‘on ‘low profits and high’
turnover. This. is a useful
indicator, but must be read with,
other factors.”

if the Titel: ct

shows how mu
employed “is earned’ in a year.
Apex, for instance, earned 25,1%

“of its capital last year.

‘Survey is
dated at .
July 14 |

“WHEN planning a survey one is
“llkely to be overtaken by events.
‘This’ applies particularly .to. a
survey of the performance of in-
dustrial companies in Zimbabwe.
“The year-ends of the companies
“vary, and some are more prompt in
producing annual reports than
others. '

‘This survey has been completed
on information available on Wed-
Emesday,July 14, just nine days
‘ago; but even with this close dead-
Hine it has not proved possible to”
“Include some information which
- Was published in the last week.
The dates of annual reports
which have been used as a source
of information for each company
i are: shown in the premier table,
it referring to Net Earnings, on
ge 9.

o MARKET ;
_ CAPITALISATION
: (Page 19)

Market capitalisation is

theoretical market value of acom-

“pany’s total shareholding, based
on the’price of the shares on June
v1. “This also gives a theoretical
::value of the company’s share of
* the total invested in the industrial

market, expressed as a percentage. |

: SHARE PRICE
CHANGES
(Page 20)

“- Share: price changes over “the
“year are merely an indicator of the
change in the market value of
counters over a very unusual year.
The change is quantified as a per-

centage.

PRICE-ASSET ©
SHARE RATIO
(Page 23)

Price-asset ratio of shares is a
way of comparing the market value
of a share on July 1 with its balan.
ce sheet value (total issued shares
divided into net assets). Expressed

“aS a ratio, it is an interesting com-

~ iparision of book value with market
. price. Ratios below 1 indicate that
the market is undervaluing a share.

i



CHIDZERO PRESENTS: 'NO SHOCKS" BUDGET

Tax Rise

Harare THE HERALD in English 30 Jul 82 pp 1, 6, 7

[Text]

THE Minister of. Fin-
ance and Economic
Planning and  De-
velopment, Dr Ber-
nard Chidzero, yester-

day presented =a
Budget for 1982/83,

demanding — “hard
work and self disci-
pline”.

Although he forecast
economic difficulties in
the immediate future for
Zimbabwe, his Budget
held no major shocks for

the man-in-the-street and
outlined a massive na-
tional) development plan.

Indeed, he said, the de-
pressed state of the
economy was a sign of
growth and dynamic
change, rather than of
stagnation. '

He proposed compari-
tively few tax measures
to ‘raise revenue to
balance the national
housekeeping, and these

i

are: .
© Fuel, jclear beer and
cigarettes all to go up
from toiay.

@ Sales tax on most
goods/goes up tomorrow.

49

‘No increase on items al-

ready exempt from tax:

those items now taking
12 percent will be taxed
‘at 15 percent: Those items,
mostly consumer dur-
ables, subject to 15 per-
cent, go up to 18 percent.
@ Income tax in the
“treally — substantial”
$35 000-a-year bracket is
wp by increasing the mar-
ginal rate from 51 per-
cent to 60 percent, com-
ing into effect this tax
year.

© The present surtax of
5 percent on _ customs
duties goes up from to-
day to 15 percent,

Ode Chidzero told the
Assembly that the level
of taxation: in the busi-
ness sector was high and
that “the income of the
corporate business sector
has a finite capacity to
yield the revenues we
need”.

He also introduced a
new system of advance
payments for income tax
payments, In terms of
this, one third of the total
income tax payment will
be made by,.May 31 after
the end of the business
year. :
Income tax would thus
be in three stages, and

ZIMBABWE



WESTERN LINE SAID LOADING DICE AGAINST NAMIBIA

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 3 Aug 82 p 4

[Article by Bill Hulme in column "Firing Line...":

[text]

TWO WEEKS we in-
tended spending on the.
banks of the Chobe and
the Zambesi.

“But the negotiations are
at a crucial stage... etc, etc.
How ‘can you just go on
holiday to Botswana and
Zimbabwe?”

You won't see a new-
spaper ... you'll be com-
pletely out of touch, a con-
cerned friend was telling”
me. :

MISSED
NOTHING ©

In the end we did spend
the two weeks outside the
borders of sunny Namibia,
sleeping in the bush and
blissfully out of touch with
all the great “develop-
ments” stage-managed by
the . so-called . Contact
Group: : ~ er

And then we came back,

somewhat «.more than a ¢
week ago....to find that %

we've missed “exactly
nothing.

“In other words, if ever
you have the choice
between a bundu bashing
Botswana holiday and
waiting in Windhoek for
THE BREAK-
THROUGH, well...

FOUR MONTHS
This is the first “Firing
Line” in four months, after

sat. the ‘end of March I

asked thé editor just to give
me a break for a while. Its
a break I enjoyed,-but I’m
o “writing “ politics

Sl)
So, obviously, one asks

rodeself,: “Four months,

hhat’s happened?”.

part. One can joke about
two weeks of “hot air and
nothingness.” . But . four
months.

(OUS?

It reminds me of a
favourite remark of Sam
Nujoma’s when he is
reproaching some of his
fellow travellers,
“Comrades, you are not
serious... People are dying
and you're not serious!”

One feels like quoting
Mr Nujoma to both the
Contact Group and the
South “African Govern-
ment. -

SELF-INTEREST

:Oh, certainly the Con-
tact Group is serious about
some of the implications of

‘this’ “Namibian in-
-dependence dispute” that’s

23

That, however, is the sad’

"The True Immorality"]

been dragging _on for
adecades. But these are the
‘implications 2°.” for
*themiselves...-and their own
influence on our troubled
continent. :

The interests. of the
Namibian ‘people as such
are rapidly disappearing -in*.
the haze. of obscure:
diplomatic _ phraseology"
and blatant ~—_“‘double=
dealing that’s rolling over
us.

INSULT

And to add insult to in-
jury, in Windhoek arrived
‘Mr Hans Vergau, a quite
unknown backroom
operator from the depart-
ment of foreign affairs in
Bonn, as leader. (Sic!) of
the Contact  Group’s
delegation... the man who’s
to conduct “talks” with the
democratic parties in
Namibia. we

Then, one ‘of the’ first
thing he tells the :DTA
delegation is’ that there are
aspects of the Contact
Group’s “negotiations”
with Swapo that are so
sensitive that they are
“secret”. Dirk Mudge is
-Mot to know about. these
things...



SWAPO'S MILITARY STRUCTURE EXAMINED

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 6 Aug 82 p 4

[text]
SWAPO’s military
wing, : the Peoples

‘Liberation Army of
‘Namibia (Plan), is once
;more in the spotlight
‘after alleged Swapo
torders to kill Namibian
politicians and to build
up arms caches in the
country.

© According to military in-
{telligence sources Swapo’s
chighest operational head-
quarters, called its “Com-
manding Post,” is situated
in Lubango in  south-
‘western Angola, and the
‘Defence Secretary is Mr
‘Peter Nanyemba.

y Mr . Nanyemba is
[described as “the strong
*man behind Mr Sam Nu-
| joma” by a former promi-
nent member of Swapo and
Snow leader of Swapo
«Democrats, Mr Andreas
: Shipanga. -

©. Mr Shipanga says Mr
lanyemba is “utterly cor-
‘rupt”, ~ selling clothes,
military equipment,
F'medical ‘supplies and even
food meant for guerrillas on
the black market for- his
+ own pocket.

Mr Nanyemba treats the
‘military cadres badly and
fis disliked by the guerrillas
‘— he has never received
{military training as he is

csO: 4700/1704

§ scared he will losé his posi-
tion while receiving train-
ing, Mr Shipanga says.

i The operational head of

; Plan, Mr Dimo
Hamaambo, is altogether
different and constantly at

|loggerheads with Mr

| Nanyemba.

| Mr Hamaambo is a

} seasoned and. tough com-

+ mander who received his

| military training in Algeria

tin 1963-64 and started
planning immediately

_afterwards for the war in

TSWA, which ‘started in

| 1966.

I WELL-LIKED
[|_ He is wellliked by his
men bacause he is “always
with them at all times,” Mr
|'Shipanga says.
| Besides the main head-

; quarters in Lubango, there
are three regional head-
quarters in Southern
Angola, and one in South-
Western Zambia.

The western regional
headquarters is north-west
of Camaha in Angola and
is used for operations in
western Owambo andj
Kaokoland, Its regional’
-commander is Mr Uno,
Shaanika with the combat
name “Kanana”.

The central and eastern
headquafters lie close to
each other north-east of
the Mupa reserve in

| Angola and their regional

- commanders are respec-
stively Mr Hamutenya
Nandenga, combat name
“Zulu”, and Mr Ndakolo
\ Mathias, combat name
i “Mbuluganga.”
| Regional headquarters
|-are organised on a purely
/ military basis, but each of
the headquarters also has a
| political commissar with
the same status as the
regional commander who
is responsible for the
political activation of the
cadres in his area.

Other staff at each of the
headquarters include the
chiefs of operations, recon-

‘naissance_and intelligence,
*staff, logistics, communica-
tions, transport, —.ad-'
cministration .and finance, ;
artillery and — anti-air |
defence, and the chief of
demolitions _— whose
‘department is responsible
_for the laying of landmines
,and sabotage.
“ -There is also a secretary
,of the regional command
council, the decisionmak-
‘ing body of each of. the
regional headquarters.

The regional command
“council consists of the
regional commander, the
‘chief of staff, other
departmental heads as well
as the commanders of the
, fighting units,

19

NAMIBIA

COMMAND
COUNCIL
The command council of
‘the ‘supreme headquarters
in Lubango consists of the
commander-in-chief of
Plan, Mr Nujoma, its
| operational head Mr Ham-
‘mambo, the defence
secretary, Mr Nanyemba,
as well as the chiefs of staff
; and operations and the
‘regional_commanders of
[the different headquarters.

It was a meeting of the
Lubango command coun-
cil on June 15 that Mr Nu-
-joma allegedly gave orders
that politicians be killed
and that at “the time of the
Fsigning of the ceasefire
‘mines must — explode
everywhere in Namibia.”
Pian also has a special
{unit “Volcano” which is
"stationed 30 km to 35 km
to the west of Lubango.
This unit was responsi-
ble for the deep infiltration
‘of the White farming areas
in April, and is also
\responsible for deep in-
filtrations into the country
‘for intelligence and
:political purposes and
;“hard” intimidation, ac-
cording to intelligence of-
ficers.
One of the documents
‘ given to the Press revealed
jthe combat name of the
commander-in-chief of
| Plan - “Comrade
Tshfiishuna Nujoma.”



SENEGAL

DEMOCRATIC CHANGE IN POWER REPORTED TO BE UNLIKELY

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3391, 2 Aug 82 pp 1984, 1985

[Article by Adama Gaye and Mark Doyle]

[text]

DEMOCRACY in Senegal is heading for
its biggest test yet in the form of Legislative
and Presidential elections in March 1983,
Throughout the country, and particularly
in the principle political milieux, electoral
swords have already been drawn and all

eyes are fixed on next year. Political '

consciousness and polemical debate are
reaching a pitch unknown since the heady
days of early independence.

The elections will be the first since the’

retirement at the end of 1980 of Léopold
Sédar Senghor. The Senegalese will "be

choosing a President and 120 Deputies for |
the National Assembly, as opposed to 100 |

previously. Thitteen parties will be joining
what promises to be a violent battle for
votes, though it is hoped, and confidently
expected, that the violence will only
be verbal. In fact the principle contenders
are the ruling Parti Socialiste and the
various opposition parties. On a continent

where one party states dominate, the |

Senegalese experience is one of critical
interest.

But the democratic experiment didn’t
start yesterday. It was in 1974, during that
year’s OAU Heads of State Summit in
Mogadishu, that former President Senghor

31

announced his decision to install limited

multipartyism in Senegal. The announce-
ment was soon put into practice, with the

formal birth of the Parti Démocratique ©

Sénégalais (PDS), led by Maitre
Abdoulaye Wade and, later, the re-birth of
a faction of the Parti Africain de L'In-
dépendance led by Majhmout Diop.
‘Once the lid had been thus lifted, there

was no stopping the ensuing political star- ©

burst, whatever Senghor’s short term in-
tentions of restricting the experiment to
four lines of political thought (Liberal,
Socialist, Conservative and Communist).
The demands for further liberalisation got
louder after the 1978 elections, which
returned to power the Union Progréssiste
Sénégalais (UPS), which had changed its
name to Parti Socialiste (PS). The de-
mands for total political liberation in 1978
confirmed the near impossibility for the
regime in power of holding back the
emergence of new political parties. After
the 1978 elections, the Conservative party
was recognised. It was the Movement
Républicain Sénégalais (MRS) led by
Boubacar Diop.

However, Senegal had to wait for the
departure of Senghor from the Supreme



Company Tax Not Increased

THERE will be no in-
crease in company tax,
Dr Chidzero announced..
He said it was his in-
tention to pull the.
country, out of its cur-
rent deficit and to do
this he would be raising
new revenue of $235
million by taxation, but
not at the expense of

.__ companies,

The rate of taxation in

‘, this sector was already
very high and the busi-
ness sector had a finite
capacity. to yield re-
yenue.

“He said the Government’
realised that there must
be a worthwhile return
on capital and that it
was from the private’
sector that’ investment,
production of goods and
ewal ‘or labour

picked for. was

Dr zero said: “I have
decided to postpone

again the coming into

’ effect of the substantial

reductions of the min-
ing capital allowances
and the industrial spe-
cial initial allowances
which were proposed
last year.

” However, he sald that the

timing of tax payments
by companies was to be
adjusted.

“9 this end, provision
will be made to require
the payment of the tax-
payer's estimated labi-
lity in three. stages,
instead of the present
two stages.”

“T believe that this post-
ponement will give
heart to the economic
sectors concerned,” he
added.

‘ Dr Chidzero said the tim-

ing adjustment would
bring in an extra $60
million of revenue in
1982/83.

Budget Shortfall Rises to $590m

THERE will be a Budget
deficit of $589,4 million, or
10,7 percent’ of gross
domestic product, said Dr
Chidzero,

It would be financed by
borrowings, including $154
million under the Zimcord
pledges. .

Government revenue
would amount to $1948
million, of which $1728
million would come from
taxation and $63 million
from Zimcord grant
funds.

Company » tax would
provide 23,4 percent of all
taxes, 23,7 percent would
‘come from individual tax-
es, $405 million from
customs and excise and

sales tax would contri-
bute another $440 million,

Ode Chidzerh sald it
was important that credit
from the banking sector
be used to the minimum
in financing the deficit.

Undue expansion of
such oredit was strongly
inflationary, and if too
much was taken up for
the Government then the
economic expectations of
private’ production would
Hot be fulfilled,

“The borrowing capa-
city. of the economy a3 a
whole 1s of course lmited
and I wish to stress that
we cannot go beyond that
Umit,” said the minister.

“If we attempt the al-
chemy of excessive credit
creation, the result is not
growth’ and wealth, but

55

depression and poverty,”
he added.

‘In the borrowing pro-
gramme the Government
would draw upon the
savings of all the people
through the Post Office
Savings Bank, pension
funds and the life insur-
ance industry. :

Zimbabwe would also be
expecting support from
international financing in-
stitutions, in particular
the World Bank and the
International Monetary
Fund, in providing loans
on suitable terms.

“{ would add in this Te-
gard that the World
Bank presently has under
consideration’ projects for
Zimbabwe valued: at some
$230 million,” .Cde Chi-
dzero said.



STATE TO HAVE MORE SAY UNDER NEW UNIVERSITY BILL

Harare THE HERALD in English 31 Jul 82 p 9

[text]

THE President wili auto
matically be the chancel-
lor of the University’ of
Zimbabwe if a Bill gazet-
ted yesterday to replace
the old Royal Charter is
enacted.

University spokes-
man, Dr Ngoni Chideya,
said yesterday that the
proposed Act would make
the university's constitu-
lon more indigenous
and would mean there
would have to be greater
co-operation between the
Government and the uni-
versity,

‘Under the Bill the pro-
portion of members of

@ council, the univer-
sity’s supreme governing
‘body, appointed by the
Government, would rise.

At the moment,
councillors are appointed
by the Government and
seven are members of the
senate, the supreme aca-
demic authority. The Bill
proposes 12 Government
councillors and nine sen-
ators,

csO: 4700/1695

nine>

At present there are
councillors appointed by
the cities of Harare and
Bulawayo: These will go.
So will the ‘councillors
appointed by the Chamber
of Mines, the Christian
Council, ¢
African secondary schools,
the heads of white second-
ary schools, and the

Commercial Farmers’

Union.

The Associated Cham-
bers of Commerce of
Zimbabwe and the Con-
federation of Zimbabwe
Industries will keep their
right to appoint @ coun-
cillor each. The Govern-
ment recognised trade
union association will
have the right to elect a

councillor as will the uni-

versity’s
staff and
committee.
‘The Minister of Agricul-
ture will appoint one
councillor after consulting
recognised farmers’ .asso-
ciations and, as now,
there will be two distin-
guished academics, ap-
pointed by the council

administrative
its workers’

the heads of ©

with the approval of the

senate.
The present graduate
elected by the Students’

Representative Council
will be replaced by the
president of the Students’
Union and the convoca-
tion — a new body of UZ
graduates — will elect a
graduate.

The vice-chancellor and
the pro - vice - chancellors
will also be members of
the council, Vice-chancel-
lor is the proposed title
for the principal, and is
the more usual title in
Commonwealth
sities,

The present vice-chan-
cellor, Professor Walter
Kamba, and the present
pro-vice-chancellors. will
remain in office, but their
successors will have to
be appointed with the ap-
proval of the Ministry of
Education and Culture.

The senate,
cides academic matters,
is changed. The new senate
will consist of the vice-
chancellor and his depu-

univer-

‘ties, deans, professors ‘and.

73

which ‘des

ZIMBABWE

chairmen of departments
and the librarian, as at
present,

But there will now be
the chairman and vice-
chairman of the council
and 15 councillors, at least
eight of them ' Govern-
ment appointees,

The president of the
Students’ Union and five
other students will also
become senators.

The Appointments’
Board will have two coun-
cillors sitting on it and
the students will form a
third of any disciplinary
committee.

‘The Bill algo incorpo-
rates the recent change
whereby professors are
no longer automatically
heads of department anid
instead departmental
chairmen are appointed
by the vice-chancellor,

Dr Chideya said he
understood there had been
some consultation with the
university on the Bill. He
said.the last chancellor
was Sir Henry McDowell,
who retired a year ago,



LATEST WESTERN NEGOTIATIONS STERILE, SAYS TOP ANALYST

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 6 Aug 82 pp 1, 7

[text]

“TRUE INDEPENDENCE for SWA
in the short term seems to be little more

than a pipe-dream.

5 That is the conclusion of Dr Kenneth Abrahams,
,One of the country’s most astute political analysts.

{.. Writing in the latest edi-
‘tion of the Namibian
Review, Dr Abrahams sug-
gests that the country is
heading rather towards an
internal settlement backed
‘up by a US. and SA ar-
‘Tangement.
» “Very little progress in
‘the direction of even for-
political independence
‘has been made over the
jpast year or so, that is,
‘ever since the start of the
‘current. US-led Western
five initiative”, he says.
“> “Independence, although
anevitable in an historical
ense, and as desirable as
‘ever, is not -yet in sight.
‘There does not seem to be
Sany light at the end of the
innel. While there has
een a great deal of
enetic activity, ‘mainly
diplomatic, this mostly
“represents turbulence
rather than progression in
;the direction we desire.
This has been accom-
panied by an irrational and
purely synthetic optimism
created by the US State
‘Department.

“Insofar ~ as” certain
problems standing in the
oway of an early implemen-
‘tation of the UN settlement
jplan have been solved,
these ‘solutions have in-
wariably been ‘in SA’s
favour and have brought
‘us even closer to a neo-
‘colonialist arrangement,”
Dr Abrahams argues.

“The SA Foreign.
=Minister has recently refer-
red to independence any
‘time between the next 18
‘months and three years,
‘which, in our interpreta-
tion, means not in the
short-term but possibly in
{the medium-term. He (Mr
?Pik Botha) should have ad-

ded, although it was

implicit in his statement,
provided that SA’s essen-
tial pre-conditions have
been satisfied. This is
therefore about as accurate
fan assessment as can be
made, at this time, on the

most probable date for in-
| dependence.”

25

Dr Abrahams says he
supports the view of the
sRev- Maxine Rafransoa,
Secretary of the All
“African Council . of
‘Churches, who remark
FThe Western countries
have said that SA is the
key to a successful settle-
‘ment in Namibia. We told
them that they had the
-equation backwards. The
Namibian people are the
key. SA is the lock.”

Dr Abrahams argues
that the main direction of
the present negotiations is
itowards a broad _neo-
:colonial settlement where-
by SA, supported by the
‘US, exercises domination
over the sub-continent.

“Nothing that has tran-
spied i in the peri period under
review indicates that this
general thesis is incorrect
in any way,” he says.

“The process, of
‘negotiating colonialism’
continues as before. In the
‘meanwhile SA has in-
jtroduced ‘two new factors
which are undoubtedly
°complicating matters con-
siderably. They are, firstly,
‘the demand for the prior
withdrawal . of “Cuban
‘troops as an_ essential
prerequisite for SA accep-



KIDNAP WON'T RUIN TOURIST TRADE CLAIMS CHITEPO

Harare THE HERALD in English 3 Aug 82 p 1

[text]
THE kidnapping of six foreign’ tourists nine
days ago has not tarnished Zimbabwe's image,
the Minister of Natural Resources and Tourism,
Cde Victoria Chitepo,
gaid last night.
. Het ministry. had been -
assured that another En-
counter Overland tour due
to arrive in Zimbabwe in
five weeks will go shead
as planned. 7" ga Gharkterm bv
; x b
“Tt 1s unfortunate that $4, foto ero ttus-
outside» publicity has’ ~ | tion.
taken ‘these isolated inci- , Goncemed about the
dents out of context.’ But general situation, she went
ft has not affected: the fo Mutare at the weekend
security of Zimbabwe. to Nonfer with police on
"We feel very upset at the release of three tour-
the moment and rely on ists who were intercepted
‘tourists who are still in ists "tnely plane flew over”
the country to report the Wherohibited military zone
situation as it is — safe fat week.
.and under control — when °
they get back home,” said reeited the sald jhe hed
Cag Caitepo. on tburist the -minister’ who “was
Some, foreign tourists very ‘helpful. tn seeuring
eady cancel the release of dur clients”.
planned trips to Zimbabwe Sac ese Ot Gtion was
following news of the kid- His __assoclatio
napping. working closely with the
The president of the Government to stop’ ban-
‘Hotels and Restaurants dite and criminals from
‘Association, “Mr - John holding the tourist in-
Moore, said yesterday this dustry to ransom.
was the result of exagger- ‘As’a result the associa-
ated and untrue reports in tion and the Tourist Board
the overseas Press, would meet today to dis-
Cde Chitepo confirmed cuss posting a reward for
that the tourist industry anyoné with information
{would be adversely affect that might lead to the, im-
cso: 4700/1695

91

ZIMBABWE

mediate artest of the
criminals” responsible for
killing. three people in
| Tnyanga, he said.

\ Mr Moore stressed that
tourism was -not being
affected by widespread
panditry but by. isolated
incidents perpetrated by
“unknown criminals”.
|_As a result there have
been ‘some holiday cancel-
lations.

However, Mr Moore
assured tourists that large
areas of. Zimbabwe were
still “very safe”.

“Tourists must realise
j that even where these in-
cidents had taken place
the presence of security
forces has, made them
safer than before.”
| He advised tourists ‘to
report any incident. or
harassment to police, hotel
‘managers or the nearest
‘Government authority in
ithe area immediately.



GHANA

RADIO PROGRAM QUESTIONS VALUE OF FOREIGN AID
AB112118 Accra Domestic Service in English 1410 GMT 11 Aug 82
["Let the People Know" program]

[Text]. There’ is.a. growing awareness that developing countries including
Ghana cannot rely'on aid’ from outside as.the major source of funds and re-
sources for the social.and ‘economic development. The amount of aid that
flows into the developing countries comes’ nowhere near the level of funds
and resources'needed to achieve’ self-sustaining economies and high levels

of standard of living in these places. The conditions under which aid
comes, too.often make the real benefits’ from aid--if any--quite insignificant
or in certain cases negative. It is therefore not for nothing that the
present government.of this country has taken a certain stand on the role

of aid.in our developmental efforts.

In his major broadcast to the. nation on July 29 this year, Flight
Lieutenant’ Rawlings, chairman’ of the-PNDC [Provisional National Defense
Council], stated that no one can develop: this. country for us, and

that other countries can only help’us’ to do what we ourselves have set
our minds to-do. Another. member of the -PNDC, Brigadier Nunoo-Mensah, has
subsequently pointed out that.much”as\ foreign assistance*is welcome, the
present government realizes that it is up to Ghanaians to. solve their own
problems... A: cautious approach to aid as against the position of abject
trust in'aid as a viable means of development, is (?informed) by the
actual experience of many countries.

An informed understanding of what is termed aid and the role that aid plays
in.the- economies of developing countries will go some way in helping our
people to’ know some of. the demands they: can make ‘on our political leader-
ship and.the attitude this nation can take to specific forms of aid which
come our way. Our last discussion on the rejection of a $5 million aid by
Nicaragua°has' already pointed out a number of factors which time will not
allow to be repeated into this program. But it is useful to point out

the principle underlying the decision of the Nicaraguan authorities, that
is that foreign aid which is intended to undermine a country's economic
stability and therefore not meant to aid development must be rejected.



MAHACHI SCORES ECONOMISTS IN ‘IVORY TOWERS'

Harare THE HERALD in English 31 Jul 82 p 1

[text]

CSO:

4700/1695

THE Minister of Lands,
Resettlement and Rural
Development, Cde Moven
Mahachi, yesterday took
‘ivory tower” economists
to task for spreading
gloom and despondency.
. Addressing guests at
the Burley Grower of the
Year presentation — in
Cde, - Mahachi
“blinkered econo-
mists”, of being out of
step with the social, poll-
tical and economic factors
prevalent in Zimbabwe,
“These misguided econo-
mists go on to recommend
@ panacea in the form: of
devaluation,” he said.
“Devaluation :in .’thetr
eyes would make |Zimba-
‘bwe’s: tobacco exports,
among’ others, relatively
cheaper and thus afford
them a competitive edge
they currently lack on the

74

international market,
“Such arguments are
‘alarmist and capable of
‘causing despondency and
a panicky situation among
‘ burley producers.” .
He paid tribute to the
Air. Cured Tobacco .Asso-
ciation for selling’ almost
2 million kg. of the. pro-
duce this year, ‘fetching
$3.5. million at an average
price of $1.75 a kg so,far.
The \ burley “industry
should be. co-ordinated in
line - with _ Government
policy, he said. 3+‘
~ ‘Phere 1s no way ‘the
Government - .will . hold
communal farmers to ran-
gom.to save an industry
as. suggested by econ-
omists who analyse
situations for the sake of
placating the fantasies of
‘fellow economists to
achieve recognition tn
their circles.”

ZIMBABWE



DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS CONSIDERED PRIORITY MATTER

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 82 p 7

[text]

THE. Government regards development of the
rural areas.as ‘the cornerstone ‘of ‘ereating ‘an
egalitarian, society with a-<strong,'.viable eco-
nomy, the: Minister ‘of Local “Government and
Town Planning, Cde Enos Chikowore, has said.

In an ‘address to’ the
Zimbabwe United Cham-
ber of Commerce congress
in‘ Harare, last week, the
minister said ‘he ‘firmly
believed that-the private
sector had as much of a
major role to‘play in the
development of the coun-
try's, Tural’-areas, as had.
the public sector,

Past economy and pat-
terns of development, he
said, had been character
ised by having well-devel-
oped urban centres with
strong Western ~ type
economies’ while under-
developed rura] areas had
a depressed economy,

IMBALANCE

“Tt follows _ therefore,
that in..order. to correct
the past imbalance be-
tween the ‘developed and
underdeveloped regions- of
our country, our
myst inftially concentrate
‘on the development of the
rural areas.”

Cade Chikowore said that
thiggshould not be taken’
to Mean . that. responsibl- '
Iitles to the well-developed

“areas should be neglected,

He stressed“ that the!
development’ of ;the rural |
areas had to involve many
agencies from the public
sector, which, as a whole, |
were fully committed to

this ideal. ‘The Govern-
ment, he added, was not
being unreasonable in
asking the private sector
to make the same com-"
mitment to a task that
was bound to bring re-
wards. and benefit the
nation,

SETTING UP

; His: ministry. had the
responsibility., for setting

‘up local authorities, which *

Shad the task: of establish~
jog the physical’ .infra~
structure, at local level, so
vital.to the economic and
social development of the
country, |

“apart from merely
having to provide the
essential services such 28
roads, water, sewerage
and refuse collection, the
local authorities are: ex:
spected to’ promote the

“economic: and social: de-*

velopment of thelr areas.’

“They are required to
create the conditions
which are conducive to
economic growth wnd so-

80

ZIMBABWE



EQUATORIAL GUINEA

BRIEFS

RDLGE SEEKING ELECTIONS CLARIFICATION--The Democratic Grouping for the
Liberation of Equatorial Guinea (RDLGE), an exiled opposition movement has
asked the Malabo Government under what conditions the August elections will
be held. The President of the movement, Sen Manuel Ruben N'Dongo complained
in Paris that the Government had not made it clear whether the elections
would be in the framework of a one party system or a multiparty system,

Sen N'Dongo said his party would present candidates if the elections were
of the multiparty sort. Sen N'Dongo said his movement had always been
against violence, so he did not understand why the authorities were against
the RDLGE presenting candidates. [Text] [London WEST AFRICA in English
No 3391, 2 Aug 82 p 2015]

csO: 4700/1698



KANGAI THREATENS TO DEPORT ‘BAD' EMPLOYERS

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 82 p 1

[text]

{EMPLOYERS “who ~eon-
tinue to defy Government
3 rted,

and’ Social Services, Cde
Kumble Kangai, said

ay.
**Speakin

of domestic and
-workers from the north-
eastern suburbs of Harare
and the Nijo produce

angal. said
“employers must choose
either to follow Govern-
ment policy or go,
s.“Qur Government was
chosen by the fe and
Lit will not hesitate to de-
port those unscrupulous
_employers who, continue to
defy its policies,

“The use of derogatory
language at work places,
abuse of labour laws and
reguiations, threats to
‘workers that damage la-
bour relations and the de-
nial of workers’ rights and
privileges cannot be toler-
ated the Government.

“The colonial Rhodesian,

mentality prevalent in
somé employers in Zimba-
[bwe today will not be al-
ifowed to continue affect~
‘ng. production at work
“places. because of the fric-
‘tion -it causes with the
workers.” .

The minister said most
of the workers who suf-

cso: 4700/1695

4 at a ‘meeting '
farm

[fered “as a result of em-
‘ployers’ reluctance to
‘change were known to be
(active party members’ at!
"such establishments”,

|, His comments

fatter Ode Karts ‘was
‘told by workers that they
iworked for more than the
‘normal hours and were not
‘paid for overtime, At
‘some work places, }f was
‘akeged, workers | worked
i117 ‘hours every day.
he people in this area
fare stil’ being addressed
iby employers as bobbejaans,
Kaffirs, in fact any desig-
nation and title that_you
‘may think of, the workers
ltold Cde Kangal.

ko He. said he was told
fhat workers’ committees
would not operate -effec-
tively because of fear of
instant dismissals, No
work place in the area had
‘a works council, which
comptises a workers’ com-
imittee and the manage-
‘ment, :

-Gde Kangai was told
‘that the restructuring of
ZANU (PF) in some
‘areas was going to be de-
layed by employers who
itend to suppress political
‘activities among their
iworkers.

«“ «Once you aré known
to be a ZANU (PF)
‘member by the employer

78

ZIMBABWE

then ‘you will have to be
fired. They fear that you
might ‘explain. both
Government and . party
policy -and ideology and
‘therefore. create _ some
awareness of the workers’
rights and freedoms
among -the people,” he
was told.

‘ «Those given preferen-
tial treatment at racist
work places are known to
be so totally ignorant of
their rights that they bow
ito threats and accept
anything that comes their
way,” the workers said.
i¢. Most: of the grievances
‘game from workers at

“Nijo produce farm, which
‘went into liquidation soon
after ‘the Government de-
clared it an unlawful pro-
perty because it belonged
to ZAPU.

Cde ‘Kangai ordered

the: farm manager to
reinstate all dismissed
workers: who had served
{with the farm for a long
‘time. One of the men had
, worked at the place since
"1965, when Nijo farm was
‘opened. -
;. The manager ‘said he
(did. “not Imow what a
‘works council was, but
jwould .try. to improve
working relations. at the
‘place soon.



ZIMBABWE

BIGGER ELECTRICITY PRICE RISES TO FOLLOW SIX PERCENT RURAL INCREASE

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 p 3

[Text]

ELECTRICITY tariff surcharges
for raral domestic users, including
farmers, throughout Zimbabwe
have been Increased from 5% to
11% as from’ the August electri-
city accounts. But at present no
change is to be made to the existing
national surcharges of 27,5%.

However, this surcharge may
also be increased later following
increases in bulk electricity charges
from the Central African Power
Corporation.

A notice sent ofit by the ESC to
consumers on the No 2 (Rural
Domestic) Tariff list recently said
that the Minister of Industry: and
Energy Development hag author-
ised the ESC to increase’ the tariff.
Surcharges from August, in order
to provide a larger portion of
essential transmission and distri-
bution capital out of revenue.

“This has become necessary due
to severe restrictions being placed
on the extent of the commission’s
borrowings from the local money
market,” said the notice,

Large increasef~ in electricity
charges will also come into force,
probably from :.October, for
Harare and Bulawayo municipal

cso: 4700/1695

electricity users. In- Bulawayo the
expected increased. surcharge is
about 59% and it is probable that a
similar surcharge ‘increase. will
apply to Harare after present bulk
tariff .studies now. being:.under-
taken by the. municipalities..are’
complete. Authorisation -for: the
Proposed electricity tariff increases
is also necessary from the Govern-
ment before, they may be’ imple-
mented. -

‘Alll these revised electricity tariff
charges . follow , . considerable
increases in the Central African

Power Corporation’s charges for

54% for its three Zimbabwean cus-
tomers — the ESC, the Bulawayo~
Municipality and Harare Mubiei-
pality.

INCREASED CHARGES

The increased CAPCO charges
stem from the development of the
Hwange 1 power plant’ linked to

the national grid and CAPCO will '

increase its bulk power charges
from October 1. After that date all
electricity undertakings drawing
power from CAPCO would be
running at a loss unless they, in

89

“turn, raise tariffs in keeping with
bulk supply costs.

But another and even bigger
‘increase will face all electricity
consumers next year, when
“CAPCO will-incur a full year’s
charges on the Hwange 1 power
station.

These. increases in ele Yy
,costs ‘will have a considerable

tipple effect through Zimbabwe,
particularly in the fertiliser.
mining, industrial.and manufac-
turing sectors. :

Financial spokésmen this week
said the biggest impact will be on
metal producers and chrome,
copper and nickel’refineries, such
as Bindura Nickel’ and’) MTD
Mangula among others, together
with fertiliser producers.

These industries are the biggest
users of electrical power in Zim-

babwe. Fertiliser costs are likely to '

increase appreciably, while not |

earning foreign currency, as the
products are essential for agri-
culture within the country. The
National Railways of Zimbabwe.
will also be affected later when the
electrification of the rail system is
complete, ; ‘



$6,6m Set Aside To Train Militia

THE highlight of the Defence vote is the Government’s decision to spend $6 690 000
on para-military training and $779 000 on covering the costs of the British Military,

Advisory and Train- :
ing Team.

Overall estimated ex-
penditure has been re-
duced by 3,4 percent,
or by more than $10
million.

While there have been
cutbacks in the national
army's transport and |
stores requirements, fhe |
saving of $19,1 million has
to be weighed against a |
$16 million rise in pay.

The air force has had
its procurement and main-
tenance allowances cut by
$10.4 million while the
‘wage bill has risen by $2,6
million.

FINANCE, ECONOMIC
PLANNING AND’
DEVELOPMENT

In line with policy state-
ments over the past 12
months, investment in the
private scctor is to be
doubled during 1982-83 to
$40 million, : 1

‘The mining industry will ,
take heart from the fact
that $50 million has been
set aside by Dr Chidzero :
for this key sector of the
economy, Other industries
facing difficulties will also
benefit. '

‘The minister has been!
able to finance industrial
aid by drawing on almost
the whole of a $55,6 mil-
lion unallocated reserve
created in the last Bud-
get, of which $54,1 million |
remained untouched, |

The export incentive:
scheme, mentioned at the
recent CZI congress has |
been allocated $5 million
:for payment on certain
approved exports, No fur '
ther details are given.

The only other major
item of expenditure ts $15
million for the National |
Fund for Rehabilitation
and Reconstruction, up
$1. million on 1981-82,

Included in the estima~
tes is $175 million under
a Vote of Credit, repre- ,
senting 7,9 percent of
ministerial. spending for
the current fiscal year. '
"This includes $13,7 million
to be funded from domes-
tic sources. ——

It. relates overall to
donor - funded projects
stemming mainly from
“Zimeord pledges. Funds
will be allocated when re-
‘levant ald agreements are
signed and the source of
‘money secured.

«The population census
wil] cost about $5,2 mil-
Hon.

INDUSTRY AND
‘ ENERGY
DEVELOPMENT

2S Mhere ts little change
“with the bulk of the
1$434092 increase in this
‘ministry's vote going to-
Swards salaries and wages.
Fuel research gets-an in-
serease to “$80000 from
'$25.000, The Smal] Indus--
“tries Advisory Service has
jbeen allocated $89.000 and
ithe Standards Association
‘$158 000, All other spend-
“ing has been cut.

5 TRADE AND

: COMMERCE

© The massive cut of $46,7
Smillion results -from the
{withdrawal of subsidies on
‘edible oils and opaque

cheer, wok
{cn 1981-82 subsidies

Htotalled an estimated $79,9
‘million, but these have
inow been reduced to $36
‘million, for wheat and
‘mgize-meal.
‘ e ministry has increas
ed its ‘trade promotion
budget from $115 000 to
$240000. ‘The Consumer
Council's grant goes up to
$45 000, while those for
the Institute of Business
Development and the Zim-
pabwe International Trade
Fair remain unchanged at
$50000 and $21000 re-
spectively. '
_.. AGRICULTURE
Having taken -away
some subsidies from the
consumer, the Government
ig’ handing those savings
cover to the producer, and
in particular, the maize
‘grower. '
_ Over 53 percent of this
‘year’s agriculture vote
‘will go on subsidies, Beef
éwill_receive $33,2 million
1981-82 $25,7 million),

57

dairy products $18,5 mil-
Non ($10,4 million), but.
the maize producers’ real-
jy hit the Jackpot. The
‘subsidy has been increased
from $5,1 million: to $22,8
million,
. The $1 million subsidy
for the highly “utritious
soya bean has been aboli-
shed.
Grants overall have been
cut. marginally, although
the Agricultural Finance
Corporation has been given
an extra $829 000 to cover
shortfalls incurred in run-
ning the Resettlement
.Loan Fund and the Small
Farm Credit Scheme, The
allocation is $1,5 million.
The Tobacco Research
Board receives £510 000 to
cover grants in respect of
the three types »f tobacco
grown’ in Zimbabwe.
Loans to the AFC have
been increased from $7,3
million to $10,2 million.
Agricultural ‘marketing
organisations receive $5
million, up from last year’s
$1,75 lion, but the
‘TRB’s loan has been re-
duced’ from $50000- to
$9 000.

MINES .

‘With only an 11 percent
increase to play with, the
Minister of Mines Cde
Maurice Nyagumbo, is
looking at a standstill bud-
get for his ministry, The
extra $503000 does not
even meet present infla~
tion rates. .

‘The Mineral Marketing
Corporation’s loan of
$500 000 remains unchang-
ed. Grants are up 10 per-

cent,
‘TRANSPORT

‘The National Railways
of Zimbabwe have been
ordered to, reduce their
losses and ‘their subsidy
has been. reduced from
$38,5. million to $31 .mil-
lion.

That said, loans to NRZ
have been increased from
$40 million to’ $69,2 mil-
lon, of which $14 450.000
is to be funded from aid
monies, A $3 million loan
to. Affretair has been



Complaints in the Street

MANY, people interviewed in Central Harare yesterday
evening said the increase in prices of ‘cigarettes, beer,
petrol, diesel, durables and also sales tax and customs

duty were too high.

Sales tax in particular, they said, was already too

high, — Ziana:

Government Spending Hits a New Peak

GOVERNMENT expenditure in 1982-
83 is set to rise by 50,58 percent to a
record $2,8 billion,

The 1982 Financial Statements
put before the Assembly yesterday |
show that last year’s Budget was
underspent by 5,68 percent.

Estimated | expenditure — was’
$2,006 484.000, but actual spending:
‘was $114 015 544 less, at $1 892 468 456.
The projected figures for the new
fiscal year are $2 849 775 000.

‘The $957,3 million increase will be
largely financed by heavier 'interna-
tional borrowings, $276 million more
of international aid and income from
direct and indirect taxation.

_ With emphasis in the’ yet-to-be-
published three-year transitional plan

mbuka, has been given the largest
vote appropriation, up 27 percent to
$4084 million and representing 18,5
percent of estimated expenditure,
fence has been pruned back by
$10,2 million to $291,2 million, but
health, running in third place, has
been increased to $130,3 million,

The Minister of Finance, Econo-'
mic Planning and Development, Dr
Bernard Chidzero, has included $175
million worth of donor-funded pro-
jects in his estimates.

The strong emphasis on rural de-
velopment is borne out by significant-
ly more money for the Ministries of
Agriculture, Lands, Resettlement and
Rural Development, Water Resources,
Natural Resources, and Roads and
Road Traffic. . .

‘The mining industry should be
cheered by $50 million, of assistance
in the form of loans. Another $5
million has been set aside for the
proposed - new export _ incentive
scheme, but whether this will be

53

enough remains to be seen.

Government participation In_ the
private sector could be increased by
as’ much as $40 million, double last
year’s allocation.

However, these sums have to be
seon in the context of increasing
public debt. ;

The Government's indebtedness

rose from $1940 668 005 at June 80,
1981 to $2 227 841 853, a jump of 14,8

percent, Taking its $702,8 million of

assets into consideration, the deficit

at the end of the last fiscal year

stood at $1,525 billion,

The deficit at June 80, 1981 was
$1,347 billion, .

@ Estate duty and duties on pass-
engers’ baggage and gifts wero the
only areas to get concessions.

"The threshold on estate duty, in
respect of surviving spouses only,
hag been restored to $60 000.

‘This is designed to prevent a
situation where a widow or widower
might be forced to sell the family
home to pay the duty.

On passengers’ baggage, the re-
bate Is doubled to $100 while on gifts
duty on values up to $80 is remitted.

Cde Ohidzero also said that a for~
mal commission of inquiry would be
set up to review the country’s re-
venue resources.

‘The commission would look at the
entire tax structure, including the
taxation of married couples.

“It is a matter which I know Is
of such importanee to the fairer of
the human species,” he said,

The tax commission would. also
look at the complex problem of land
tax and how to bring back into full
production under-used land.

“I do not think we can let ‘an-
other year pass without progress to
wards such a tax,” Ode Oh{dzero sald.



cso:

‘So in just over 27 months, the well-
respected Head of State, Chairman of the
PRC, Commander-In-Chief and Dr. S. K.
Doe has laid the foundation for a new
Liberia: The work of the constitutional
drafting commission being at such an ad-
vanced stage — the draft completed,
arrangements being discussed for mecha-
nics of return to civilian rule — is only
another sign of the good work that had
been achieved in these two short years.

Except that little things happen to reveal
other aspects of the climate of the times.
The July 13 Daily Observer reported that
two people were arrested and detained in’
Gbarnga, Bong County, on suspicion of
plotting a counter-coup. The chief agri-
cultural officer of the county spotted them
“planning strategies, using foreign techni-
ques and revolutionary tactics with intent
to encourage subversion and overthrow of
the PRC”. In fact, the suspects, one
artist from the Improved Efficiency of
Learning school in Gbarnga, and a secret-'
ary to the regional agricultural officer of
the county, were spotted copying from’
volume 12 of the Encyclopedia Americana
as a contribution to someone else’s history
assignment on the causes and effects of the
French Revolution of 1789. As a tribute,to
the prevailing rule of law and justice’in
Liberia, a prompt and thorough investiga-
tion by the commanding officer of the army
battalion at Gbarnga resulted in the release
of the suspects.,

4700/1698

15



UGANDA

LEADERS OF RWENZURURU MOVEMENT AGREE TO SURRENDER
Paris AFRICA AFP in English No. 2919, 30 Jul 82 p 18

[Text] Kampala, 29 Jul--Leaders of the Ugandan "Rwenzururu" movement which
has been fighting for independence in the ‘Mountains of the Moon' region
have agreed to end their 20-year struggle and will surrender their arms

to the Uganda Government ‘on August 15, officials here said.

The movement, comprising two diminutive tribes, the Bamba and the Bakonjo,
is led by its self-styled king and general, Charles Wellesley Irema Ngoma
and his ‘queesn,' Zeuliah.

The ‘king’ is’ "head of state, head of government and minister of defence’
of the ‘united kingdom of Rwenzururu.’

According to the official UGANDA TIMES newspaper, the 'King General" this
week agreed to come down from the mountains of the moon and settle with his
family in Uganda's western town of Kasese.

This followed an agreement. over the weekend between leaders of the movement
and Uganda's army chief of staff Brigadier Oyite Ojok, and a minister of
state in the office of the president, Chris Rwakasisi, in western Uganda.

Brigadier Oyite Ojok assured the 'King-General' that no member of the move-
ment would be prosecuted or victimised for illegal possession of guns. or
involvement in the Rwenzururu activities after the surrender on August 15,
the UGANDA TIMES said.

The Rwenzururu fighters. will surrender on that. day along with the movement's
organisers and their arms, and would ‘accept the concept of Uganda's republican
constitution of one nation,’ the UGANDA TIMES said.

‘The ‘movement, even at. its peak in the early sixties after Uganda. attained
independence in 1962, has never posed a real threat to successive governments
as most of the territory claimed by the Rwenzururu was mountain scrub in a
remote border area near Zaire which has little strategic or economic value.



cso:

“Industrial relations have been
sound and. special emphasis is
being placed on the development
of works committees and councils,
established in all divisions, with a
view to moving towards the greater
involvement ‘of employees at all
levels in matters relating to busi-

Chairman Morris Lubner says |
there are five reasons for slow- |
down in business: They are reduc-
tions in currency allowances, csva-
lating costs and. availability of ©
finance, problems associated with
a forthcoming poor. agricultural
season, * depressed international |
markets for minerals and exporting’
‘difficulties because of the’ appre- |
ciation of the Zimbabwe dollar. |

Export earnings have dropped
by: 40% compared with two years
ago. Exports as a percentage of
total sales, including supplies to
sister companies’ in Malawi and |
Botswana, ‘are-.9,8% as against |
20,9% last year and 26,8% in|
1980,

In line with the Government's
wish to promote growth points the |
company has opened a sales outlet |
at Mupandawana in Gutu. Also it |
has made ‘an’ agreement with |
Daluka Community. Co-operative |
in Matabeleland which has a tim-!
ber concession’ from the forestry '
commission and which is ssupplying
Plate Glass.

4700/1695

» 15% DROP

Mr ‘Lubner says a revision has
had to be made of the forecast of a
15% drop ‘in: earnings this year.
“Whilst Jt has been our-policy in
the past to forecast for the full year
ahead, I believe that the macro
constraints-on ‘our business make
accurate: predictions for such a
period questionable.”. He says
earnings should be 27c a share for

the first six months compared with
32c in the previous half year.

At the Zimbabwe " Alloys’
annual meeting on Wednesday
managing director Mr A C Shep-
herd said there had been a cutback
in production from one mine and

‘one furnace, but did not go into

details. He also said there had been
no more progress on talks with
Government about possible help in
production. He told the, share-
holders that chairman Mr’ Gerry
Carey-Smith “was aborad on |
“urgent group business”. -He did
not say if this was to do with Anglo
American in general or Zinialloys
in particular. . |
In the chairman’s ‘statement
published this week industrial re-
lations were said to. have impro
ed. However thefe had been di
turbing’ trends, with workers’
committees which co-operate with
management being seen as “sell

48

“outs” by'g

people,
“Recently -at the refinery we

have had the unprecedented situ-.

ation of workers, including mem-
bers of the workers’ committee,
taking the law into their own hands
and trying to intimidate manage-
‘ment to get their own way.

“The undermining effect of cer-
tain Government legislation on in-
dustrial discipline is increasingly
being referred to in the press and it
can be confirmed that it is definite-
ly having a detrimental effect on
industrial relations.””

‘One bright spot was an 18% ex-
cess in high carbon ferro-chrome
sold compared with that produced,

. thus reducing stockpiles. Sales of

low carbon ferro alloy increased,
but were less than that produced. _

The most important part of the
statment is the revelation that costs
have incréased so much it is as

| cheap to import chrome.

The illustrious chain-store group

‘of Maceys weighed in with its re-

sults this week. The Sam Levy
Group had a $1 million increase in

iturnover ‘to $12,2 million while

taxed profit went up by $50 000 to
$190 000 and a final dividend of 2c
a share has been declared bringing
the total to the same as last year’s
3c a share. ‘The market is hardly
likely to receive. a jolt after this
announcement.


PROS, CONS OF DEVALUATION DISCUSSED

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

THE devaluation’. question «can
only receive swings and. round.
about answers. according to the
July edition of the Standard Bank
economic bulletin.
“For a while it would certainly
elp the country’s major exporters,
ving them a much needed
breathing space, it could also jeo-
pardise "Zimbabwe's ability to"
exploit the next upswing in the
international economy. ,
Devaluation of the dollar has
been suggested to restore the via-
bility of the minirig sector,.in par-
ticular, and to re-establish the:

competitive position of manufac-

‘turing exports in the South African
market .as- well as in third world
‘countries “ where. Zimbabwe is
competing with South Africa.

OVER-VALUED

“While there is evidencé to
suggest’ that the Zimbabwe dollar
is over-valued, it is questionable
whether . currency . depreciation
would achieve an improved
external: payments situation at a
time when international demand is
at alowebb.

The major drawback to deva-
luation in a country which imports
more than one-third of its GNP is

csO: 4700/1695

the dangér that the price-adjust-
ment benefit will be quickly dissi-
pated in the form of sharply rising
costs, prices and incomes.

Furthermore, there is little scope
‘in Zimbabwe for import savings as.
a result of devaluation, which
means that any gains will have to
be largely . concentrated in the
‘export sector. This means that if
currency depreciation is to be‘used
as a policy instrument, it must be
accompanied by fiscal; monetary
and wage restraint, designed to
curb. domestic expenditure and
shift resources into the export |
sector. |

It seems clear that devaluation
~ or a gradual depreciation of the~
exchange rate over time — is
hardly an optimal policy option,
but with important exporters in
mining, manufacturing and
tobacco finding themselves cast as
high-cost producers in a low-
growth world economy, thee may
be no viable alternative. |

» DEPRESSED

Against the background of a
depressed world economy, there is
unlikely to be a ma(erial improve-

ment in the balance of payments in |

1982 though a higher level of aid

77

ZIMBABWE

inflows. may secure a small.
reduction’in the current account
deficit. .

‘The trade balance is unlikely to’
improve significantly and could
even deteriorate further unless.
export-‘volumes pick up in the
latter half of the year. The terms of
trade vantiot be expected to main-
tain their 1980/81 uptrend while
the ‘deficit’ on’ invisibles will
increase slightly but this should be
offset by” reduced outflows on
investment account. i

Arguably, devaluation might |
provide a cushion for the export
sector — a’ breathing space —
pending an uptum in world
demand. Equally there is no doubt
that a high cost structure at home
will jeopardise Zimbabwe's ability
to exploit the next upswing in the
international economy.

But growth will be constrained
by the balance of payments unless,
and ‘until, commodity «prices
recover in international markets
and the world economy regains the
momentum enjoyed in the 1960s.

Recovery in the Zimbabwe
economy will therefore depend on
the timing and strength of the
economic recovery in the industria-
lised countries.



most suited to the highest administrative offices of the PWD, will it not
be better to attach or second these'officers to the department rather than
the situation under the present decision?

We appreciate the spirit of the measures’ announced by the secretary for works
and housing. to overhaul the establishments under his ministry, which the
secretary described. as‘the' meeting points of corruption, nepotism, mis—
management, and daylight thieving. The measures are.in line with the
preamble to.the*PNDC policy guidelines, but to make all state institutions
more democratic: in their running and more: responsive to the needs of the
people, the specific forms that the new changes’are to take must be seriously
considered,

The decision*on the PWD does not seem to be the best: in present circumstances.

cso: 4700/1724



Rich Will Pay More

ONLY the very wealthy will
not be affected

and they will
1988/84,

'y more income tax
the increases until

Dr Ohidzero said that those people earning over

$35000 a
of 60 percen'

Year will be subjected to © marginal rato

This will be achteved by modifying the rate of

surcharge on a rising scale.

The surcharge will remain équal to 18 percent
up to the point where the maximum basic rate is
reached which {s'a tax payment of about $4 000.

But progressively larger amounts of surcharge
will be applied to each successive $1000 of tax pay-
able up to a maximum. surcharge of 88 percent.

This will raise another $4,5 million in revenue

in the next fiscal year,

Chidzero. Pledges $40m Investment in Private Sector

EXPERIBNCH over the
tt year should enable
Government to become

more productively involv-

ed in the corporate busi-
ness sector, Dr Chidzero
said,

This year’s “participa-
tion” Budget has been set
at $40 million and Cde
Chidzero said that al-
though little progress had
been made over the last
year to become involved in
the private sector, the
Government had used the
time to consider its gen-
eral policy and priorities
and the selection of par-
ticipants during 1982/83
would be m- - productive,

He also a.uounced that
$50 million had been set
aside on the Treasury vote
to support those industrial
sectors, mainly . mining,
which were facing “severe
difficulty. under present
.domestic and world econo-
mic conditions”,

. The funds would be used

over the next 12 months

to back up firms with
guarantees for bank loans
or to provide direct loans:

It was important that
these enterprises should be
supported so they would
benefit from the “upturn
in our fortunes that will
surely come as the world
lifts itself from the pre~
sent depression”.

There were sighs of re-

lef, especially among’ RF
members of the House,
when Cde Chidzero an+
nounced that corporate tax
would not be increased in
this year’s Budget pro-
‘posals,

Apparently affected by
recent Press speculation
that the Budget | would
contain huge increases
across the board, a hushed
air of expectancy pervade

“ed the House as Cde Chid-
zero reviewed the coun-
try's economic perform
ance during the 1981/82
fiscal year at the start of
his address,

‘The excitement over
the tax concession turned
out to be shortlived as the
jubilation turned into
stony. silence when the
minister enumerated in-
creases on sales tax, and
prices of consumer goods
like clear beer, cigarettes
and fuels, .

On the whole, the Bud-
get statement seemed to
have been well received by
al] sides of the House as
there were no interjections
and undue interruptions
throughout the address..

The Prime Minister,
-Cde Mugabe, and other
members of the Cabinet,
shook hands with Cde
Chidzero, congratulating
him on his Budget state-
ment, — Ziana,

52



Economic Performance of Top Companies Reported
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ..

State To Have More Say Under New University Bill
(THE HERALD, 31 Jul 82) .........

Mahachi Scores Economists in ‘Ivory Towers'
(THE HERALD, 31 Jul 82) ....

State Pledges Support for Co-Op Transport
(THE HERALD, 30 Jul 82) ..

'Zipra Men With Foreign State’ Charged With Plotting
(THE HERALD, 30 Jul 82) .......

Pros, Cons of Devaluation Discussed
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ....

Kangai Threatens To Deport 'Bad' Employers
(THE HERALD, 2 Aug 82) ...csseceecsceececeeee seceeeeeees

Trade Flow Strangled by Foréign Cash Problems
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ..scesccceceseeceeees

Development of Rural Areas Considered Priority Matter
(THE HERALD, 2 Aug 82) ..sescceseccsscccesceseseeees tee

State To Create More Jobs for Rural Folk
(THE HERALD, 30 Jul 82) .ccsseseecsecseccnceeececceerees

ZCTU Pushes To Raise Maximum Pay Limit for Poor
(THE HERALD, 31 Jul 82) ..ccecccccecccvecereere be eeeeee

Welfare Groups Struggle for Survival
(Sheila White; THE HERALD, 2 Aug 82) .......ssseeeee sane

State Survey Highlights Needs of Disabled
(THE HERALD, 2 Aug 82) ...cccsceeeceeeeeeee dee ceeeeeeees

Gloomy Outlook as Local Hotel Industry Faces Severe Shortages
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ...scscsscscessceeeee

Bigger Electricity Price Rises To Follow Six Percent Rural
Increase
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 30 Jul 82) ........5 bee eeeeeeee

Rice From Korea Will Soon Ease Shortage, Says Hove
(THE HERALD, 2 Aug 82) ....eeeeeee eee eeeneeeeeaecnnenee

Kidnap Won't Ruin Tourist Trade.Claims Chitepo
(THE HERALD, 3 Aug 82) ..sscscssccececeeeees beeen eeeene

-d-

62

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

82

83

84

87

88

89

90

91



Market Capitalisation

Company - “Rank °°. Market % of total
4 -* Capitalisa- Zim. Stock
. af tion Exchange
a are . market
- capitalisation
29 204 801 -9,54%

“2°18 479 982° 6,04% |

18 142 774 5,93%.

17093 670 5,58%

16 078 686 + §,25%

15 024 600 4,91%

13 867 920 4,53%.,

~ 12'698 893 4,15%

“12 340.227 - 4,03%

3, 12 161 380 _  3,97%

. 9 365 460 3,06%

9000000 © 2,94%

8.100000 | 2,65%

“8 013.787.” 2,62%

= 6 371.030 2,08%

5-787.718 1,89%

5.353 211 + 1,75%

5 332320 1,74%

5.165 961 1,69%

5110242; 1,67%

5.040 000 1,65%.

4 950 000 1,62%

4940 520 ° 1,61%

4750 000 1,55%

3931799 1,28%

.. 3.617 250. 1,18%

+3 600 oo 1,18%

3 437 5 1,12%

3364 300 1,10%

3.193 553 *. °° 1,04%

2 969 642 . 0,97%

2 898 480. 0,95%

‘2705 560 » 0,88%

0,75%
0;67%
0;65%
0,59%
0557%
; 0;52%
21.349, 250 0,44%
“7320000 —-0,43%
1.280 267 042%
0;39%
- 0;38%"
0,32%
| 0,28%
= 0)269%

> 026%

* 0,21%
; 0,21%
460 177 0,22%
458.250 0,15%
327611 0,11%
179 638 0,06%

- ~ TOTAL. 306 076 051 - 100,0%

69



cso:

‘Are they ©? ., really
“serious?”

_ HASSLE

The DTA, after all, the

only Namibian ~ party

which did in fact prove

substantial support at the

polls.
Now add this: Mr
Vergau continues to tell the

democratic parties that
they just shouldn’t hassle,
everything is being taken
care of by the. Contact
Group, in fact everything is
just fine and there exists a
“historic opportunity”. to
solve the dispute once and
for all... Just: don’t ask
anything ‘on’ the lines of
what, when, where and
how. . :

- RIDICULOUS *

This gentleman must be
the - worst “salesman”. in
the * - diplomatic ++" .com-,
munity... I'd be Willing ‘to’.
put up my last Windhoek
Lager that he won’t-sell a,
single drop-side Ford in the
entire Owambo. 7

This is ridiculous...if the

4700/1704

. guy. was sent here to
“build confidence.” But
maybe he wasn’t and the
purpose of the exercise was
simply to show muscle and
let the “locals” know who’s
calling the shots.

GIVE UP

How long do we have
before the people of this
country finally give up on
the lop-sided brand of
“democratic elections”
they are now being press-
ganged into by the Contact
Group?

In; his memoirs _ Dr

fenry Kissinger sadly
‘Feflects that “American im-
potence in the face.of ag-
gression could have wider,
and . catastrophic,” conse-
quences.” ie"

“And the horrible fate of
the peoples of Indochina —
the mass murders, the cott-
centration ; camps, =the
political ‘repression, the
boat people — is now
rendering a final verdict on
whether it was our
resistance to
totalitarianism, or our
abandonment ‘of our.
friends, that was the true’

24

immorality of the In-
dochina conflict.” r

KISSINGER
_2.“Resistance to
totalitarianism” is the crux
of the Namibian in-
dependence issue at ‘this
point in time. But it seems
that the Contact Group,
would much rather opt for
the way of least resistance.

See, its much easier to
push around the unarmed,
than to push around the
comrades with the AK’s
and the 20000 “military
advisers” from Cuba. That
is, in Kissinger’s words,
“the true immorality”: of
our situation.

FATE

If this latest “initiative”
ever comes off the ground,
only one thing will be cer-
tain:.... Namibia will. be
heading for a very uncer-
tain fate after elections in
which. the dice will be
“heavily loaded. --

“And in the haze the
‘Contact Group is working
up, we won’t even have a
“hépe in hell of figuring out
‘the odds.



NET WORTH

Company Rank
Zimbank

67

Seordsnawne

WW WAUAUMAAAAAAR ADI

wanes

Latest

3
2888

RRSSPSRSBSSEG
223
33

325
Z22925383323 83

Bb
a
bd

wo
e
a
3S
>
oo

1910 623

332232

Previous year

309 916 000
153 634 000
85 857 000
79 940 000
58.830 000
50 757 000
38 529 000
24 112 000
24 829 000
25 899 000
26 950 000
25 047 000

9 072 799

errr
3222222

8 se828
§

288
g3u22222)£

as
aR

328

PUAGUNNAR AAT
ci)

338
w A
3338

me

BENNY NWENDS
pay
23
a
=



ZIMBABWE

SECURITY PROBLEM OVERSHADOWS THIS WEEK'S BUDGET
Johannesburg THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 p 4
[Editorial]

[text]

IN a week when the Minister of Finance presented
Zimbabwe's budget, one would Have expected the na-
‘tion’s thoughts to be concerned with matters of
finance. Yet it is the safety of individuals and the
security of the state which have been uppermost in
everyone’s minds.

‘The abduction of six tourists placed the lives of
young guests of Zimbabwe in danger, and attracted
the concern and attention of American, Australian
and British governments and media: That it will af-
fect the reputation of the country as a holiday destin-
ation is certain, for if potential tourists canhot con-
template a visit in complete safety and security they
will not come. It is a setback that our tourism can ill

afford, for despite the rising figures of overborder

visitors the industry is not attracting the traffic it
needs to prosper. “ :

| The sabotage of Zimbabwe Air Force aircraft at

Thornhill, Gweru, is an even more grievous blow to

the nation — both to its morale and its defence capa-
bility. While, at the time of writing, the full details of
damage done had not been released locally, overseas
reports indicated that the strength of our air force
has been seriously affected.

‘A -criminal lack of security seems to have been re-
vealed by the ease with which the attackers entered
the base, sabotaged the aircraft, and escaped without
detection. It is to be hoped that the enquiry will place
the blame, so that a repetition is unlikely to occur..



MALAWI

FURTHER REPORTAGE ON CHIRWA TREASON TRIAL
Paris AFRICA AFP in English No 2919, 30 Jul 82 p 25

[Text] ‘Blantyre, 29 Jul--Malawi opposition leader Orton Chirwa and his wife
Vera, who have pleaded not guilty to charges of treason in a traditional
court here, have been further accused of plotting to assassinate life
president Kamuzu Banda.

The prosecution amended the indictment late yesterday to include the new
accusation, The Chirwas have already denied charges of. plotting to overthrow
the government of Mr Banda, who is about 80 and has led Malawi since inde-
pendence in 1964,

The defendants have not been allowed legal counsel under the country's tradi-
tional courts act.

Mr Chirwa, 63, who was minister of justice in the Banda government at inde-
pendence but was dismissed in a cabinet crisis later in 1964, heads the
Tanzania-based opposition Malawi Freedom Movement (Mafremo).

He and his wife, 49, were arrested last December 24. Malawi authorities say
they were seized inside this country near the Zambian border, but Mafremo
contends they were kidnapped from inside Zambia.

The state alleged yesterday that Mr and Mrs Chirwa had formed Mafremo with
the aim of returning to Malawi to kill Mr Banda, government ministers and
officials.

The Chirwas: are alleged to have prepared a master plan for their operation
and an oath of allegiance, and to have published and uttered "revolutionary
words" in letters and on interviews with the British Broadcasting Corpora-
tion (BBC).

Five other men are charged with treason along with the Chirwas, but they did
not appear in court yesterday. The trial was adjourned until next Wednesday.

17



SOMALIA

BRIEFS

FORCED CONSCRIPTION--Reports from the capital, Mogadishu, say that dictator
Siad Barre and his clique are now engaged in the forced ‘conscripfion of
people, to counter the armed forces of the Democratic Front for the Salvation
of Somalis [DFSS]. Reports add that Sidd Barre has made threats to civilians,
ordering them to produce 200,000 conscripts among school students, factory
workers and civil servants. The tribal (?lackeys) have been forced to carry
out this exercise. Those who have enriched themselves asa result of Siad's
rule are being forced to pay the salaries of the new recruits. Once again
the DFSS would like to remind the parents of students not to gamble with
their children's lives and wishes to state that the parents will be held
responsible for the crushing of these students on the battlefield. [Text]
[FA141458 (Clandestine) Radio Kulmis in Somali'to Somalia 1800 GMT 13 Aug 82]

BATTLE REPORTS--The DFSS [Democratic Front for the Salvation of Somali] fighters
of 15th Gorob Division have crushed the enemy forces who tried to recapture

the division's defense lines. Latest reports from the battle front say the
forces of the Siad Barre regime lost 435 officers and men and suffered
innumerable wounded. The 15th Gorob Division fighters captured 32 prisoners
from the Siad Barre forces who had attacked areas liberated by the front.

The 15th Gorob Division fighters also captured six Fiat armored vehicles,

four jeeps and one V-8 Landrover, and destroyed seven tanks, seven armored
vehicles, seven jeeps,.four trucks and two Mig-19's made in China. According to
the reports, the DFSS 15th Gorob Division lost two men. [Text] [EA131416
(Clandestine) Radio Kulmis in Somali to Somalia 1800 GMT 12 Aug 82]

Challe (Ilyas Awaleh), our reporter in Wardair District anda‘reporter for the
Somali ABO Liberation Front, reports that the heroic Western Somali Libertion
Front Freedom Fighters launched a surprise attack on Abyssinian colonialist
forces stationed on the outskirts of Wardair. The heroic WSLF fighters

killed 60 Abyssinian troops and wounded many others. The freedom fighters

also destroyed several enémy vehicles, The report adds that 6 were martyred
and 27.others were wounded. The report further discloses that the Abyssinian
colonialists are harrassing the western Somali inhabitants and looting their
property. The looting is thought to be in retaliation for reverses suffered

in their war with the Somali Democratic Republic. [Text] [EA121644 (Clandestine)
Voice of Western Somali and ABO Liberation Fronts in Somali to Western Somalia
0930 GMT 12 Aug 82]

CSO: 4503/33

34



State To Treble Spending

THE Government’ is
trebling its capital ex-
Penditure for 1982 to:
1983," pushing total
spending to an estima-
ted $2849,8 million,

Capital spending has
trebled from {ast year |
to $700 million while '
recurrent. expenditure
has increaséd by over
27 percent to $1 847,9!
million, .

The remaining!
amount of $800 million

is for repayment of!
maturing debt. ' |
Dr Chidzero said!

such capital spending '

was. dramatic _ testi-
mony to the new em-
phasis on development.

The debt repayments
which increased by,
over $100 million was
also evidence of the

need to moderate the

dependence on deficit
financing.

Dr Chidzero said
that education would
absorb 22 percent of
the recurrent program-
me and while. recog-
nising the. right . of
every child to be edu-
dated, he cautioned
against allowing this
service to preempt the
country’s resources,

Agriculture and Rural Growth Get Top Priority

AGRICULTURE, rural
development, transport
and communications will
receive the highest priority
in the public sector invest-
ment development _pro-
gramme (PSIP), said Dr
Chidzero.

‘The programme, which
gave the Government an
opportunity to direct the
economic and social devel-
opment of . Zimbabwe,
would cost about $1019
million in 1982/83, an in-
crease of 63 percent of the
capital costs of the first
year of the. three-year
development plan.

The Government would
contribute $456 million,
statutory bodies and local
authorities would con-
tribute $365 million and
the balance would . come
from donor countries.

STANDARDS

Cde Chidzero said it
had been . necessary. to
balance the need to im-
prove ‘as quickly as pos-
sible the standards of liv-
ing of the rural popula-
tion and of continuing to
rovide for modern in-
rrastructure investment,

‘The highest priority had
been given to agriculture
and tural development

($316 million) followed by

transport and communica-
tions ($222 million), social
services, housing and re-
lated infrastructure ($198
million), energy and water
development ($176 million)
and administration _ ser-
vices including defence
($107 million),

It had been essential for
the PSIP to cover a range
of activities designed to
correct the imbalances
that ‘characterised our
society, he said, At the
same time, it was equally
important that a sound
productive base was
created and expanded to
ensure the permanence of
the corrective action
taken and secure higher

capacity.
The momentum of the
rural resettlement _pro-

gramme would be main-
tained, The Ministry of
Lands, Resettlement and
Rural ‘Development would
initially resettle 162000
families’ this year and
$76,7 million had been set
aside for’ this.

In line with Govern-
ment policy to upgrade
living standards in the
communal lands, the com-
prehensive development
programme would, among
other things, improve the
accessibility | of agricul-
tural credit and the con-

54

struction and development
of a marketing .infra-
structure,

COMMITTED

‘The Government was
also committed to increas-
ed State participation in
the agricultural develop-
ment of the country. As a
result, $7 million had been
set aside to buy land for
State farming, $24 million
had been allocated to the
agricultural and rural
development authority for
the development and run-
ning of estates and irri-
gation schemes,

‘The new department of
rural development in the
Ministry of Lands, Reset-
tlement and Rura} Devel-

ment would further
streamline State controlled
development in the rural
areas,

Of the $80 million to be
spent by local authorities,
$33. million will be used
by the smaller centres to
develop infrastructure and
the allocation for housing
and services will be $87
million.

A housing development
programme for the rural
areas will include mate-
rials production units and
a, technical services orgah-
isation as well as a con-
ventional housing. scheme.
— Ziana,



LUCIA HAMUTENYA POSSIBLY PICKED UP BY SECURITY POLICE

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 6 Aug 82 p 3

[article by Karl Gowaseb]

[text]

cso:

4700/1704

RUMOURS - which
abourided this week that
a former Swapo Legal
Affairs official had ar-
rived in Windhoek were
scoffed at yesterday.

When questioned as to
whether the capricious Ms
Lucia. Hamutenya had
‘broken her .self-imposed |
three-and-a-half year exile
and returned to Namibia |
from overseas, her aged
parerits, Mr Aaron
Hamutenya and his wife,
Laimi, said simply: “We
know nothing about it. If
she made it into the
country, she definitely has
Not arrived at home yet.”

The query was raised
mostly by members of
Swapo. A suspicion that
Ms Hamutenya (a sister to
Mr Hidipo Hamutenya)
could have been picked up
by Security Police on ar-
tival has not been dismis-
sed. A tight-lipped Security
Police spokesman at the
Ausspannplatz Head-
quarters referred The
Advertiser to a Colonel

20

“Badenhorst, who was out
at the time of inquiry.

Ms Hamutenya left the
country by train in
January 1979, shortly after
she. was - released “from
detention. She had a valid
Passport and left legally...

Before her ‘departure,

| while being held under Sec-

tion 6 of the Terrorism Act
(with other members.of the
Swapo National Exco —
shortly after the December
1978 Windhoek Swakop-
mund bomb blasts) she

claimed Police ill-treatment
during interrogation.
Although Ms

Hamutenya did not skip
the country, it is not
known when her passport
expires. Her parents said
she is the second child that
has gone overseas.

Ms Hamutenya was
studying for a degree in
Jaw by _ correspondence
through UNISA before she
left. .

Her parents received no
letters from her during the
past three years and could
not say where she took
refuge.

NAMIBIA



ZIMBABWE

STATE SURVEY HIGHLIGHTS NEEDS OF DISABLED
Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 82 p 7

[Text]

exceeds those already in existence, ek
‘This’ wag disclosed in an interview with the chair-

man of the National Disability Survey Committee, Cde
Mike Davies, who said the survey, conducted late last
year, wag now ready for presentation at:s national
conference and workshop to: be organised by the Minis-

_ try of Labour and Social Services in Harare this month,
. ‘The survey had revealed that there were 8 minimum
f 2176000 severely disabled people in Zimbabwe. with
visual disability and those associated with the lower
- and upper Hmbs accounting for over 60 percent of these

“Other statistics show that: fi
@ Almost half of all disability occurs within the first

four years of life. .

© Disease, accidents and war between them were
responsible for the majority of identified causes of dis-
ability.

@ Ninety-five percent of all disabled people had elther
never attended schoo] or had not progressed beyond
primary education.

Cde Davies sald that detailed data tables on types
of disability, cause, education, occupation, mobility,
treatment history, use of appliances and many other
‘aspects would be presented to the conference. \

Conference delegates would receive a comprehensive
briefing on the survey results as well as participating
in ‘workshop sessions designed to ‘produce action- |
orientated plans. ‘ Lote,

“These will include disability prevention, early de- |
tection and treatment, rehabilitation ‘and. co-drdination \
Gl services, as well as appliances and other need areas,”

Cade Davies said. ; vee

The emphasis would be on practical intervention in
‘euch need areas with the full participation of disabled. |

people themselves: . .
_| Funded largely by UNICEF the survey was the |
first of its kind and magnitude to have been conducted
in Africa. '

“qt had-ylelded a wealth of data on all aspects of
disability and willbe of immense value to ‘all Gov-
ernment. and fion-Government agencies working with
handicapped: people,” Cde-Davies said, +.”

It had attracted widespread international interest,
while the results would have a significant influence on
the direction into. which future technical and financial
aid would be channelled, he added. - : oe

“What has beconfe abundantly clear from the sur-
-vey results is that the-need for rehabilitation centres
throughout Zimbabwe will greatly exceed those already
in existence,” Cde Davies stressed.

cso: 4700/1695

87



cso:

“kil me, dump my body
over the border and
use the letters to ab-
solve themselves,”
said Farisani. “So 1
‘said no”.
+. Farisani’s interroga-
hors — ‘these two
‘ gentlemen” as he re-
“ferred to them, with-
‘out irony but out of an
instinctive rural cour-
Ftesy —-demanded that
"he write a confession
‘implicating himself.
' Muofhe and the other
“pastors in the police
station attack. .When
©he refused the torture
' began.

Portly
The Dean is not a
| physically strong man.
} Portly short would be a
* tailor's description. He
has a rolling walk like
“a sailor’s and’ is not

nimble. His interroga-
“tors laughed as he
stumbled and crashed
Jabout before th.
’blows, “Hallelujah,”

4700/1697

"they cried as he prayed

“for mercy — and even-
* tually death.
| “They went ber-
_serk", said  Farisani.
{They punched.
Ficked and hit me‘with
“everything they. could
ay their hands on,
seven the chairs.”
They flung bim
Yaround the room:
fpmashing his head
Fagainst the walls. He
' started bleeding from
;the nose, mouth, ears,
jeven the eyes. His ear-
drums burst.
| ‘tT was breathing
|: through my ears,” he
,sajd. “I could hear the
‘air coming out of them
as I breathed.”

Next, day. he was
taken to the security
police offices. in St
vbasa. There it was
‘even worse. He was

“taken into an office at
am, the curtains were
drawn and he was told:
Nobody comes out of

41

[here alive unless he”
tells us what we want
L to hear.”

“That is. when they
used the wet canvas
fihood and the electric

shocks. With the hood
jover his head he felt

the interrogators pour
Pa glue-like substance

‘down his spine and
connect electric termi-
_nals to his ears and the
back of his head.,

;. As the current was
iy pturned on his brain and
pine were shocked
nd his whole body
was‘convulsed.

He lost conscious-
‘ness. When he came to
e was asked again to
ake the confession.

E When he refused the
wet hood was replaced
jand he was ‘shocked

p again. — London Ob-

@ server Service.



STATE TO CREATE MORE JOBS FOR RURAL FOLK
Harare THE HERALD in English 30 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

4700/1695

‘THE Government is mapping out plans to create em-
ployment opportunities in the rural areas to reduce

The influx of job-seekers into urban centres, a top
Government official said yesterday.

In an interview, the director of Employment and
Employment Development in the Ministry of Labour
‘and. Social Services, Dr David Chanaiwa, said the
migration of job-seekers into urban areas was causing
problems and “something positive has to be done to
Ereate employment for people in rural areas, especially
the youth”,

“ye intend to establish projects that will create
employment for our rural folk. This is one positive way
of dealing with the influx problem at the moment,” he
said.

"py Ghanaiwa, who was appointed to his post at the
beginning of this month, said the urban industrial sec~

tor was incapable of absorbing most of the people with
no skills from the rural areas.

He said his department would hold meetings with
workers, workers’ committees, employers. and trade
unions throughout the country to explain its main_ob-
jectives and strategies regarding employment in Zim-
babwe.

‘The department would also undertake special labour-
intensive programmes in both rural and urban areas to
‘try to resolve the problems of chronic and seasonal un-
employment,

Dr Chanaiwa, a former director of African Studies
at California State University:in Los Angeles, slated
employers who were still practising discrimination when
‘employing people to fill top posts in commerce and
industry.

“My department will not tolerate such actions, The
department will pay special attention to the eradication
of job discrimination in Zimbabwe, ’ .

“Any distinction, exclusion ‘or preference based on
race, tribe, colour or sex will not be accepted.”

‘He added: “We want to make sure that people are
‘offered employment on the basis of qualification, ex-
perience and merit, That is what we want to see happen
in Zimbabwe.” >

Dr Chanaiwa said the department would aiso pro-
vide career guidance to ensure that every Zimbabwean
had equal access to employment opportunities,

“Jdeally, we should have public employment offices
in growth points throughout Zimbabwe. At the moment
‘our offices are mostly in urban areas.”

82

ZIMBABWE



Industry ‘Encouraged’

Harare THE HERALD in English 31 Jul 82 p 1

[text] Economists and industrialists yesterday generally welcomed the
budget but expressed concern about the increased taxation of people in the
high income bracket.

They were particularly pleased about the decision not to increase the "already
high" company tax and to retain the 100 percent special initial allowance on
fixed investments,

They also welcomed the promise by the Minister of Finance, Economic Planning
and Development, Dr Bernard Chidzero, that investment guidelines and export
incentives would be announced soon,

"This is certainly not a nochange budget," said one industrialist, "It
is a sophisticated and important statement by the Government about the
economic implications of its form of socialism and deserves*critical study
and careful thought."

Mr John Robertson, chief economist for RAL Merchant Bank welcomed the fact
that a large proportion of future Government funding would be borrowed
externally,

The private sector found it difficult to meet its own funding requirements
while competing with the Government for available funds and this had been one
of the reasons why investment had been slack in the past.

More changes were needed to improve the investment climate. These included
revised interest rates and export and investment incentives for local and
foreign investors.

Mr Robertson also welcomed the reinstatement of the special initial allowance
but added that the Government could also have considered a change to the
capital gains tax which would not earn large amounts of revenue,

Mr Alan Paterson, president of the Comfederation of Zimbabwe Industries said
the budget had been "encouraging" and welcomed the "philosophy of providing
for recurrent expenditure out of revenue and the involvement of all sectors
of the populace in contributing to public revenue."

Both Mr Robertson and Mr Paterson expressed concern about the higher tax for
the upper-level income earners. They said it would have a severe effect on

the very people whose managerial or technical skills were in the greatest
demand.--Ziana

cso: 4700/1696

59



ZCTU PUSHES TO RAISE MAXIMUM PAY LIMIT FOR POOR

Harare THE HERALD in English 31 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

4700/1695

“THE ZCTU is to. ask the Government to raise
the maximum pay increase permitted for those
in the lower-income group from 23,5 percent to

50 percent. '

Yesterday's ZCTU state-
ment on the Budget, said
the organisation had al-
ready appointed a com-
mittee approach the
Ministry of Labour and
Bocial Services,

It wants the current
maximum rise that can be
negotiated for those earn-

“ing ‘up to $1200 a year to

be increased, to narrow the
wage gap.

It said the Budget in-
crease in sales tax would
hit the lower income
group hardest,

‘The statement urged a
freeze’ on any increase in
public transport fares fol-
lowing the rise in the cost
ef fuel, * ot

The Zimbabwe United
Chamber of Commerce

‘yesterday passed a reso-

lution condemning the in-
creases in sales tax and
‘fuel costs,

Zucco’s national trea-
surer, Dr Sikhanyiso Ndhlo-
vu, sald fhe increase in
sales from 12 percent
to 15 percent on general

er goods and from

consumer |
. 15, percent’ to 18 percent
on

"The extra cert a Htre on

83

petrol and 2c a litre on
diesel’ would increase
travel costs for working
People. |

“Zucce wants the Gov-
ernment to: reconsider the,
tax increases on these
essential . commodities,”
said Dr Ndhlovu,
@ A 12-meniber execu«
tive committee was elect-
ed in Harare yesterday at
the end of the Zucco
‘congress.
_. The committee, headed
by the new president Pro-
fessor Stanlake Samka-
nge, was given the task
to negotiate a merger with
the Associated Chambers
of Commercé of Zimbabwe
(Accoz); ‘

Other members elected
after the congress were:
‘vige-presidents, Mr Jairus
Munyoro and Mr Edmond
Shoniwa; secretary gene-
ral, Mr Chad Ndoro; vice-
secretary generals, Mr
Jonathan Ndhlovu and Mr
|Taderera Gonzo;  trea-
surer Dr Silchanyiso
Ndhlovu; vice-treasurers,
Dr Irene Chikaka (Mrs)
\and Mr Titus  Chikandi;
,and organising secretaries,
\Mr Abishal -Mudzingwa,
\Mr Simon Mkandla and
Mr Zephenia Bafana.

ZIMBABWE



NIGER

BRIEFS

URANIUM MINERS STRIKE--Niamey, July 21--Workers at a uranium mining and treat—
ment centre at the Saharan town of Arlit, 1,500 kms (about 900 miles). north of
here, went on strike today,:a trade union source in Niamey said. Some 1,580
workers of Niger's mineworkers unton:at the Akouta mining company (Cominak)
works were involved, and production had been halted, the source said. The
strike, which began at the company's headquarters in Niamey on Monday, is
over:acute differences between the workers, who are Niger nationals, and the
French head of personnel, a trade union source said. The workers were demand-
ing the official's removal.and his replacement by'a Niger citizen, the source
said. The conflict comes amid dissatisfaction by workers over their condi-
tions compared with those of foreign personnel at Arlit. Foreign management
staff at the Cominak works, mainly French number about 240, The general secre—
tary of the country's trade union federation, Boureima Mainassara, was expected
to meet mining and industry minister Oumar Diallo in Niamey today to try to
find a rapid solution’to ‘the dispute, (A.F.P.) [Text] [Paris AFRICA AFP in
English 23 Jul 82 p 11]

cso: 4700/1633

28



GHANA

CIVIL SERVICE MUST BE 'RADICALLY' RESTRUCTURED
AB111936 Accra Domestic Service in English 1300 GMT 11 Aug 82
[Station commentary]

[Text] In any popular revolutionary process, the need to break down all
state ‘institutions and replace them with new ones is absolute. The simple
reason for this vital measure is that the old state institutions were created
and have ‘been functioning mainly to serve the interests of the hitherto
dominant ‘minority in the society, and therefore, they cannot automatically
be made to’ serve the democratic interests of the new popular majority who
come onto the political scene. Structural changes ought to be effected
in all state institutions without exception since the failure to.do so
may spell the ‘doom of the revolutionary process before any substantial
gains are achieved, It is in this light that the restructuring of the
state bureaucracy of the civil service, as it is popularly called, must be
seen.

The importance of the civil service as an administrative arm of government

is obvious, but at a period when there is a process to transform the whole
society ina revolutionary manner, it is necessary to seriously examine

whose interests are. served by. the state bureaucracy, its efficiency, its
costeffectiveness, ‘its methods of operation-and all similarly related matters.
This is the next’ step after recognizing the importance of. the need for
restructuring.

Historically, the civil service of Ghana originated as the administrative
wing of the British colonial rulers. This historical origin and a whole
period of development before formal political independence give the civil
service we have in this country a certain character and shape with the more
or less’ limited aim of serving the interests of the-colonial masters and
their hangers'‘on. The overall structures, procedures, practices and rules
which became the’ major features of the colonial civil service have unfortunately
undergone very little fundamental change since the attainment of formal
political. independence in 1957. For example, there is the myth of neutrality
of the civil service which still weighs heavily on the minds of a number of
serving personnel, and which leads to officials not being in any way
committed to working in the interest of the popular majority, even in
‘revolutionary times.



TANZANIA

BRIEFS

DETENTIGN LAW UNDER FIRE--Dar es Salaam, July 21--The Tanzanian government is
under pressure from members of parliament to abolish its 20-year-old preventive
Detention Act. But minister for justice Julie Manning has told them that the
act retains its relevance. The minister conceded however, that amendments
could be made if there was a reason for doing so. Criticism of the act was
voiced when MPS were debating budget estimates for the ministry of justice
yesterday. An M.P. for Makete constituency, Tuntemeke Sanga, called for out-
right abolition of the act and said individuals who.committed offences should
be tried before:courts of law. He said the act was used to victimise people
who did not please ‘the authorities, Other MPS suggested that the act be re-
viewed because, they said, it could be abused by some individuals in authority.
(A.F.P.) [Text] [Paris AFRICA AFP in English 23 Jul 82 p 16]

CONTROVERSIAL JET--Dar es Salaam, July 21--A British-made presidential executive-
jet for Zanzibar, whose purchase created controversy in the Island's house of
representatives two months ago, is expected to be delivered. early next month.
The plane was bought by the government for about six million dollars, 70 per
‘cent of which was loaned by’a British bank. But the deal was pitterly criti-
cised by members of the house of representatives who said the government chose
to spend such a colossal sum of money when the islands were going through a
difficult economic situation, The government retorted that the plane was
bought for the island's leader Aboud Jumbe during official duties and that the
country didnot lose ‘anything since ‘the aircraft belonged to the government.'
(A.F.P.) [Text]. [Paris AFRICA AFP in English 23 Jul 82 p 16]

cso: 4700/1633

43


GAMBIA

BRIEFS

JANNEH CHARGED WITH EMBEZZLEMENT--Banjul, July 17--Former Gambian Minister of
Information and Tourism Hawsoon Semega Janneh has been arrested and charged
with embezzling public funds, informed sources here said. The arrest was

the first since President Sir Dawda Jawara announced at a congress of his
ruling party in March that ‘he intended to fight corruption -in the West African
state. (AFP) [Text] [Paris AERICA AFP in English 20 Jul 82 p 14]

cso: 4700/1633



CSO:

{their pockets at home and they find some
(Bren they suppor! legislations sioe tea
‘su legislation
trading? ipport legis p them
|, So cynical and bitter? “I have worked
}for large organisations, and I have heard
ithe difference between’ what they do and
‘what they say.

{__ “As an employee I have occupied large
offices, with all the trappings, with no

‘ questions about my colour and no permit,
but as an employer, suddenly, it’s no deal.
“Black money has built up the CBD, yet
we are not allowed to occupy premises
| there. Money from black communities has
}. gone into building up banks and building
societies — 40% of the premiums of life
insurance companies now comes from
blacks. It is going into building new city
Plocks, not into our areas. I dony know of a
single shopping cent ian, coloured or
‘black, that Bas been put up by an insurance
company, yet every. white town has its SA
), Mutual and Sanlam buil and so on.
{When I raise this with they say
|: they invest where they get the returns —
. but of course they don’t talk about their
; investment in Glen Anil or Corlett Drive. I
‘ say they would both get their returns and,
in the abs nce of open {rading, perform a
j, reat social function in provi ameni-
"fits for black elentele ad traders, but to,
' they refer the status quo.”
Fi 1e doesn’t like it here, why doesn’t he
‘go back to TIndia/England/Germany or
wherever? The old abusive question
‘brushes off Mr Kharsany like dust off his
“neat grey suit.

“am South African: I live here with the
problem. It wouldn't solve anything if 1
went to India.” :

+ Not that he regards himself’ as South
African in the patriotic sense. Sure it’s a
‘beautiful country, but “patriotism” could
only come with a complete extension of
rights — which, incidentally, is not some-
‘thing he expects to come via the Presi:
dent's Council. :

“ believe in real power-sharing, and 1
“mean power-sharing, not the healthy vari-
ety, or otherwise, which we have heard
described.”

If he has an ideai, it is to see Seople
regarded as people, so that there may be a
move to a fair and just society.

Integration must not be a one-way
street. He would like to see the creation of

\ more multiracial boards, but that should,
for example, mean appointing white direc.
tors, on merit, to Indian companies, as well

4700/1697

37

jas appointing Indians to thé boards of
jwhite companies.

4 The son of a commercial traveller,

[young Ebrahim sold chickens as a school-

iBoy im Standerton to earn pocket money.

‘Later he sold encyclopaedias and life in-
tsurance to pay for a BA and B Comm at his
“tribal college”, then he was accepted for
‘an MBA at the University of the Witwa-
:tersrand, and he‘is now working on a PhD
‘on management — the central hypothesis
"being that different cultural groups pro-
-duce different management systems.

“You can study accounting but the gras
‘of business must come from within —
have great respect for the millionaires
i with no schooling, the many people in my
‘community who have no formal
education.” .

» Now 38, a slight, tense figure in an aus-
‘tere office, he works 16 hours a day as
‘managing director, some of it in Durban,
“where, as in Fordsburg, his group is mov-
‘Ging strongly into property. They are nego-
“tiating with a major construction com-
pany to take advantage of new develop-
‘ment. opportunities. -
. Mr Rharsany is an avid reader of the
" elassies, having majored in English, but he
'-has little time for leisure.
‘He studies religion, frequents the
J mosque a great deal and takes his inspira-
tion, his guidance and his discipline from
the Islamic faith.

His group keeps out of anything involy-
iing the earning of interest. The reason is
‘that Islamic law makes no distinction be-
ween usury and interest. Investors must
be active partners in business ventures,
not money-lenders. Shares and direct hold-
"ings in property are allowed because there

an dlement both of ownership and of
“risk, but simply putting money on fixed
‘ deposit to earn interest for which you have
not worked is not permissible.
> Mr Kharsany is involved in negotiations
‘with Government for the establishment of
Islamic Bank, to be run on these Islamic
| principles.
©" at the end of the day Ebrahim Kharsany
“returns to his wife and two young children
— in Pageview, currently being demol-
hished for white occupation. He is secretary
jf the Save Pageview Association and set
“for a long legal battle to-retain Indian
‘occupation.

‘There is no‘secure perch, it seems, for
‘this highly-educated, hard-working, sober-
living businessman. That is why he shat-
sters your own cosy white security with his
-reaction of profound contempt.



MADAGASCAR

BRIEFS

VOLKMAR KOHLER ON ASSISTANCE--Madagascar is a country of extreme geostrategic
importance. Anyone who takes pleasure in recalling that oil tankers from the
Persian Gulf pass by the Cape of Good Hope, must take into consideration that
the same tankers pass Madagascar first. Today the island is a nation hovering
somewhere between autonomy and tilting towards the West or the East. A
principal reason for that is Madagascar's enormous problems in arranging for
life's most immediate necessities. Since the needs so infinitely great,
relatively little aid in Madagascar can have relatively large effects. But

its situation has also meant that after the departure of the French no "sponsor"
has been found for Madagascar so far. Although the Soviet Union has consider-
able interest in the country's geostrategic position it apparently is unable to
support the full onus of the country. The Madagascar regime itself is interested
in nonalignment and opts chiefly for a zone of neutrality in the southern Indian
Ocean. It is precisely the country's interest in genuine autonomy that affords
a possibility of aiding it with meaningful development assistance on the path

to true nonalignment. [Excerpt] [Interview with Volkmar Kohler, date and place
not given] [Bonn AFRIKA-POST in German Jul 82 p 4]

cso: 4720/18

16



GHANA

NEED SEEN. FOR HOLDING OAU MEETING IN TRIPOLI
AB120912 Accra Domestic Service in English 0700 GMT 12 Aug 82
[Press review]

[Excerpts] ._In the third of the series on the OAU summit, “the GHANAIAN TIMES
says the six-nation contact group to work toward the reconvening of the OAU
summit in Tripoli is all right but no one’ should cry if the group is unable
to change the minds-of the boycotters. It would sound pleasant if

Col al-Qadhdhafi agrees to attend the summit at another place but it would
be illogical for him to do so. It must ‘be in Tripoli; otherwise we better
forget it. The TIMES urges the African states to demonstrate their capability
to take their own decisions. The decision'to hold the 19th OAU summit

was Africa's decision through the OAU and after 2 decades, the OAU is still
not capable of respecting the will of the majority. It questions the
standard of African intelligence African states are: portraying. What kind
of self-image would these leaders--who can be swayed by emotion or promises
of aid to make them traitors of Africa--see for themselves when they are
regarded as puppets‘of ‘their external masters,

The external forces have the least respect for these leaders and they would
invariably be abandoned by their external masters when their purpose has
been served.. It is the'view’of the’TIMES that the 32 leaders who went

to Tripoli. will. forever be recorded:in history as big-minded leaders who
measured to high qualities, built respected nations and liberated Africa.

Colonel al-Qadhdhafi will also go down in history as a leader who stood

for Africa and enshrined as martyr [as heard] on the African liberation
struggle for offering the’resources of his nation for the emancipation

‘of Africa. It says-as the new chairman of the OAU, Colonel ail-Qadhdhafi
will have to.prepare the ground for the 1983 summit in Conakry. His
present harassment by imperialist forces stems’ from his commitment to the
decolonization of apartheid South Africa. The paper writes: quorum or no
quorum, he has the’mandate to advance African liberation in the coming year.
The TIMES urges the contact. group to reconvene the 19th summit to make sure
that the’enemies of Africa's liberation do not succeed. in’ extending their
sabotage plans beyond Tripoli. The 20th OAU summit in Conakry next year must
succeed. To achieve that is more’ important’ than the 19th summit. The OAU
marches on! ‘The African revolution will advance with greater force, says
the TIMES,

csO: 4700/1724

“41



Special Youth Academy To Be Established

Briefs

(Davison Maruziva; THE HERALD, 2 Aug 82) ........

Police Impound Passports
ZANU (PF) Organization
ZAPU Victory

Currency Quota Cut
Tobacco Problems



:-15°691 000. 9 711 000
4 581 000 12 264 000

+ 14227 559 12 438 660
13 556 000 9 792 000
“12-773 000° =. 8.039 000
* 12:181,000.:-. 8 439 000
‘11-473 797 10 674 633
11'454 000 7 922 000

11-171 397 49/573 978

"10-991 000 9 049 000
+ 10-158 000 7 825 000
= 9 909 000 5 294 000
*9.800 000 8 122 800
9.599 000. 7.733 000

8 954 643 7 821 820

8829711 ~
3°565 500 6 989 200

‘6 819 839 4 653 000
5 441 833 4 464 229

- 4268570. - 2512716
48 4 224 692 2 244 513
49. 4.125.445 ~2 347 163
Zimplow ........+ 50°. 3 526 000 =-

Turnover was not disclosed’ in their annual reports by
NTS, Schweppes, RAL and Zimbank.

66



DTA-DAMARA CLASH COULD HAVE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 3 Aug 82 pp 1-2

[text]

~ POSSIBLE charges in terms of the
Notification and Prohibition of Public
Meetings Act against representatives of
the DTA at a public meeting in
‘Khorixas at the weekend are being con-

‘sidered.

& This, follows a dis:

turbance involving a group
of about 150 DTA sup-
porters under the
sleadership of the Alliance’s

;Chiéf Secretary Mr Johan"

de Waal and a crowd of
“Damara Raad officials and
supporters on Sunday.

f Although violence was
Himited to an isolated fist
ffight between one person
from each party, use was
tallegedly made of motor
barricades by both sides to
| block movement of the
vother party.

i Conflicting _ reports by!
sthe Damara Raad leader
Justus Garoéb and Mr De
*Waal were re ed by The
fAdvertiser’ arid” the “At:
jtorney General's office this
imorning had not yet been
‘notified of an investigation
‘by Police at Khorixas nor
had a docket reached
‘Windhoek;

'_ Police at Khorixas con-
‘firmed however that a
complaint was filed and is!

tO" be Teterréd to the At-|
» torney General in
: Windhoek.
‘It is known that the
’ Damara Raad notified the
authorities of its intention
to hold a public meeting at
Khorixas on Sunday, but
Mr De Waal told The
Advertiser this morning
+ that the DTA did not seem
jit nescessary to riotify the
authorities of a DTA
‘meeting in Khorixas since
the group of Alliance sup-
* porters simply attended the
Damara Raad meeting and
‘did not hold their. own
meeting.
co “INTIMIDATION

|. Mr De Waal explained
‘that the DTA group had
‘held a meeting at Usakos
on Saturday, and con-
tinued reports of intimada-
‘tion of DTA supporters in
‘Khorixas by the Damara

21

‘Raad, led toa decision to
‘attend the Damara Raad’s
meeting the- next day on
jbehalf of resident DTA
‘supporters at the Damara
‘Raad stronghold.
© According to Mr Justus
'Garoéb, -leader of the
Damara Raad, as well as
°Mr Barney Barnes, leader
‘of the Labour Party who
fwas guest speaker at the
Damara Raad meeting, the
DTA group made use of
loud hailers and a blockade
j'to disturb the Damara
;-Raad meeting.
i Mr De. Waal, on the
(other hand, alleged that Mr
; Barnes had at one stage
‘threatened a group of
+ women DTA. supporters
with a gun.
Exactly what happened
| during the day is not clear,
Ebut some of the facts
* known are:
©@ The Damara Raad’s
meeting scheduled to begin
sat 2 pm did not get off the
ground till about 6 pm
; because of disturbance by
:the DTA group. :
ye The DTA group made
Fuse of loud hailers “to
make our _ interjection
“heard,” according to Mr
jDe Waal.
@ A Damara — Raad
{procession was scheduled
' for the morning.



There is no doubt at. all’ that in the past, some of the projects that have
been financed by aid have been useful and some of the officials who have
administered aid and. continue to do so. genuinely believe that its main
purpose is to.eliminate poverty and benefit the countries. But the fact
is that the development’ promoted thvough aid is of a particular variety.
It is development--if at all--strictly in accordance with the interests
of the metropolitan powers who offered the aid and.with the interest of
the owners of big business in particular.

In 1969: a memorandum from the Confederation of British Industries to the
House of Commons select’ committee:on overseas:aid, put ‘it. this way; the
British industry's help to the Third World is, in essence, an investment
in the development of markets and sources for the supply of raw materials.
Sometimes state officials have been very open on the reasons for offering
aid. A former president’of the World Bank, Mr Eugene Black, stated in
details.» “Our foreign aid programs ‘constitute a distinct benefit to
American business." The three major benefits are:

1. “Foreign aid provides a substantial and immediate market for U.S. goods
and services,

2,. Foreign’ aid.stimulates the'development of new overseas market for
U.S. companies,

3.. Foreign aid orients’ national economies toward a free enterprise system
in which U.S. firms can prosper.

Another: state official,:..a former” senior’ economist. with the USAID,

Prof. H. B. (Chenery), admitted that economic assistance is‘ one of the instru-
ments :.of.. foreign’ policy that’.is used'to’ prevent political and economic
conditions from deteriorating. in’ countries’\where we value’ thé preservation
of the present governments. Other*similar remarks that .have been made by

» Western leaders are even: more embarrassing than what we have referred to.

AID then ‘helps ‘those who provide it, both directly and.indirectly, and in
most instances it is the political. and‘economic: gains that the donors can
make‘ and not the'poverty and sufferings in the recipient countries that
motivate aid.in'the first place. Bilateral. aid--that is aid on a basis
on ‘nation’ to nation arrangement for example--is almost tied to goods and
thus it serves'as'a useful means of selling goods ‘and’ services whose
prices are above average and also opening up new markets for big business
in the donor country.

It has been estimated that the average price of goods financed by AID
is.25.percent above world market prices. It has also been pointed out
since aid.is*usually provided in the form of loans, and moreover is
normally available for the direct. foreign exchange cost..of projects, it
commits. governments.’to spending their own resources ‘on projects that



cso:

‘tance of the UN Plan and
‘secondly, the stated inten-
‘tion to hold ‘internal elec-
‘tions’ in March 1983.
‘These elections would not
;be held under UN supervi-
‘sion and the government
‘chosen would not receive
sinternational recognition.
iThis would pave the way
for an ‘internal settlement’
‘or Namibian UDI and an
‘indefinite postponement of
.the implementation of UN
‘Security Council Resolu-
tion 435."

Dr Abrahams points out
that several spokesmen for
the US have stated that
there is a close geographic
and political __inter-
relationship between the
Namibian and Angolan
questions and that the two
‘must be addressed and
resolved in tandem.’ They
stress that the US is seek-

ing an overall regional

solution rather than one:

confined to Namibia.
Besides, President Ronald
Reagan has an election to
contest in two years time’
sand Cuban withdrawal
‘would add considerably to!
his image as the man who
is turning the tide against
the ‘communist menace’ or

4700/1704

(‘Soviet expansionism’.

| Turning to the effects of
the protracted process on
|the internal parties, Dr
tAbrahams says the longer
ithe negotiations last, the
‘more these parties will be
idriven into oblivion.

© “History has already
ipassed judgment on most
‘of them and all that re-
“mains is for some kindly
physician to come along
‘and administer the political
equivalent of euthanasia,”
he adds.

y And discussing Swapo’s
position, he remarks:
;“Regretably we appear to
be repeating historic mis-
takes by accepting a situa-
“tion in which Namibian
F parties are pitted against
one another instead of
,working towards a new
;tealignment -of forces in

which we will turn our:

swords on the combined
forces of imperialism and
'neo-colonialism.

“Whatever its historical

justification, UN _recogni-
tion of Swapo as the sole
fand authentic represen-
i tative has had the objective
effect of dividing the in-
dependence movement into
Swapo versus the Rest

26

all the internal parties are
stooges or running dogs of
;SA_ colonialism. The
policy of allocating sole-
;.authentic status has been.
; the major obstacle to
national unity ever since.”

; In the conclusion to his

article Dr Abrahams in
'fact pleads for true
{democratic national unity
; and suggests that a Nami-
© bian - all-party conference
‘(Lancaster House) be cal-
Sled “at which Namibians
{can learn to know and un-
«derstand each other and,
‘together, work out their
common destiny.”

“National unity is
imperative if we are to
¢ avoid the perils of civil war
Sor deliberate destabilisa-
tion. Those who are too ar-
\ rogant to learn this lesson
from contemporary events
"of from history should take
another look at Angola,
Zimbabwe and Mocambi-
| que while there is still time
for us to repair the damage
' caused by far too many
| years on  inter-tribal “and
| inter-party rivalry,” he
| says.



GLOOMY OUTLOOK AS LOCAL HOTEL INDUSTRY FACES SEVERE SHORTAGES

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 p 2

[text]

CSO:

“1 The hotel industry is being hit by
a. widespread shortage of. vital

commodities — mainly due to aa

overall lack of foreign currency.

‘A recent survey has revealed ’

there is an existing or anticipated
shortage of commodities provided
by 90% of hotel suppliers — and in
two years’ time shortages will be
common.

The survey, conducted by repre-
sentatives of the, Zimbabwe Suns
hotel group’ and Cresta Hotels,
revealed that the beef supply situa-
tion is particularly serious.

Although the -Cold Storage
Commission is currently supplying
beef at 110% of normal levels, due
to the recent mass slaughterings, in
‘six months time the. situation is
likely to be dramatically reversed
and severe beef shortages will
result. . :
Firms which supply ‘commodi-

ties in large quantities to the hotel *
industry were canvassed-during the’

survey, and most‘of them ‘antici-
pated an overall price. increase of-
general ‘comimodities~ of ; between’
15-20% over the next two years.
50% RISE, 202-0

Among the essential items which
hoteliers are now having difficulty
in obtaining are glasses and cutlery
— the price of which is expected to
rise by 50% in the next two years.
The shortage is attributed by glass-
ware suppliers to of foreign
currency. i me

Pork products, poultry and eggs
are also becoming scarce’ or are
likely to do so inthe future.
Colcomi, the couritry’s main pro-

4700/1695

88

‘ducer of pork products attributes
this to the lack of foreign currency
“to purchase’ sausage’ skins -and
cans. They say it is possible that an
allocation’ system may be intro--
duced for pork products.
‘Alshortage of poultry. is'likely
partly because of the anticipated
increase’ in demand for’ chickens
‘due to the decrease in the.red meat:
supply. The fact that chickens are
not particularly profitable to pro-
duce does nothing to help. Sup-
pliers say that the shortage of eggs
is very serious, due to increased
demand and the cold weather. ~

CIGARETTE SHORTAGE .._

Even cigarettes are likely to run
short in the future, according to
leading local cigarette manufac-
turer BAT,, because foreign’ cur-
rency for wrapping papers and fil-
ters is inadequate. BAT projects a
price increase of some’ 40% for
cigarettes in the next two years.

Karina Carpets, a major sup-
plier to the hotel industry, reports
a shortage of carpets and knitting
yarn, due again to the lack of
foreign currency. Because of this
Jack, Karina’s;Mutare plant ‘is
working at only one-quarter of its
capacity: Sed

“The strongest message coming
through from the survey is’ that
hoteliers should: plan their com-
modity purchases very far ahead;
and place their orders for supplies
ag far in advance as- possible to
avoid hardships caused by. the
shortages. .

ZIMBABWE



the foreign partners see as useful.. In particular, AID commits governments
of countries such as:ours to spending resources on infrastructural projects
such as transport, communications and power which are necessary for the
profitable operation of foreign business, ‘Examples of such projects in
Ghana are common. Governments which become dependent ‘on aid are forced

to. borrow more money to repay past loans and thereby become more compliant
to the wishes of the rich countries... There have been many instances in
which aid is offered not to promote’ particular economic policy but political
weapons. Where aid is used as a political weapon it goes’ with brutal cyncism
which is especially observed in the area of food aid where the lives of
thousands and sometimes millions of people are at stake.

Finally, it. must be emphasized that the policies that are usually promoted
by aid are not aimed at any direct and radical attack on the courses of
poverty in the developing countries. At best, aid is used to promote reforms
that can be afforded by the ruling groups of the rich advanced countries
which do not pose any threat’ to the socioeconomic ‘system'on which the big
companies of these ruling groups parasite. Incidentally, not only the aid
from the governments and government ‘agencies of countries in the developed
world are characterized by the’features we have outlined. It is‘not unusual
to find that most of the aid: that is* channeled through international bodies
Like the World Bank and. the: IMF has similar string attached. When all these
points are thoroughly understood by our people and governments, we shall be
in’a better position to realize that it is mainly through our own efforts
that we can develop as a nation and not by reliance on aid.

cso: 4700/1724



TOBACCO PROBLEMS--The all-important tobacco industry in Zimbabwe is "on the
knife-edge of viability" due to escalating production costs, said Mr R.
"Tubby" Wrench, the new president of the Zimbabwe Tobacco Association after
his recent election to office, In an interview published in The Farmer
magazine, official mouthpiece of the Commercial Farmers Union this week,

Mr Wrench said that the ZTA is nearly ready to present to the Government

a report showing the industry to be "precariously placed" in the wake of
escalating costs. One of the biggest challenges now facing the industry
was to maintain and hopefully improve Zimbabwe's position in the world
markets, This could only be cone by producing tobacco and landing in its
factories in Europe at attractive prices, competitive with other countries.
He emphasised there was an all-embracing problem involving economic production
as well as selling it economically "via our merchant friends who are just as
much part of the industry as we are,” They had tremendous responsibility in
presenting that tobacco to the european manufacturers. He said that the ZTA
was in the middle of a financial and a practical study of the taking over of
the auction floors, "But at present it would be premature to say one would
go one way or the other. "Certainly in the very near future we may have to
make major policy decisions in the light of the findings of these two investi-
gations.” He said the paper to be presented to Government would be on "how
precariously placed the industry is, vis-a-vis the returns we can expect for
placing our product on the auction floors as against the cost of getting that
product on the auction floors." [Text] [Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in
English 30 Jul 82 p 2]

cso: 4700/1696 END

94



ZIMBABWE

ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF TOP COMPANIES REPORTED

Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 30 Jul 82 pp 8-23

[Selections from 'GAZETTE' survey: "Top Companies"]

[text]

‘THE annual Financial: Gazette Top: ‘Compan s° ‘survey reviews, in-a series of tabies, the
economic performance’ ‘of the mpani ed in the industrial section on the Zim-
babwe Stock Exchange. :: a
However, this year we. ‘also highlight the part public companies play in the community
within which they exist...
‘ The last year has heard some hard words spoken politicians about the free-enterprise
economy.. Some of this criticism stems from ‘dogmatic ideological commitment, some
from a lack of knowledge of business, some from a confusion of principle with practice.
Public companies comprise the largest economic grouping in Zimbabwe, apart from
Government and quasi-Government organisations. They.are what their name implies —

public, in the sense that they are required by law to publish an annual report showing their |

financial affairs, and detailing the important ‘decisions taken during their financial year.

They have a highly responsible attitude to their relations with Government (as major |
taxpayers), their staff (as employers), and their- customers (as suppliers of goods and ser- :

vices). This is often forgotten by those who attack big business most vociferously. -: .<
In this year’s survey, therefore, we have concentrated on the part companies are playing

in the care, training and welfare of their staff..We-believe that private enterprise, particu- :

larly as represented by the Top Companies, has much to be proud of in this area.

62



COMPANY 'S RETURN

ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED

68

"Rank

we
a

RARGSASSE

cotauaene

SASSSE veyeeREs

%

32,4%
31,1%
21,5%
25,6%
25,1%
246%
23,3%
23,2%
22,6%
22,5%
21,5%
21,5%
21,4%
20,2%
19,7%
19,7%
19,1%
18,3%
18,3%
17,1%
16,6%
16,6%
16,3%
16,3%
15,8%
15,4%
15,4%
15,3%
14,3%
14,2%

13,5%
12,8%
12,4%
12,4%
12,0%
11,6%
11,3%
11,2%

1,5%
1,4%

4,7%
2,7%
1,8%
1,2%

- 1,1%


LIBERIA

DOE SAID TO HAVE DONE GOOD WORK IN LAST 2 YEARS

London WEST AFRICA in English No 3391, 2 Aug 82 pp 1977-1987

[text]

A LONE STAR had been shining with

ever-greater brilliance in the Liberian poli-

tical firmament. That is the star of the

Head of State and Chairman of the Peo-

ple’s Redemption Council, Commander- ‘
in-Chief (and former Master-Sergeant)
Doctor Samuel Kanyon Doe. The original
17 enlisted men who mounted the coup of
April 12, 1980 were dubbed collectively
“our Moses” by the New Liberian (July 8,
1982) for having lifted the yoke of 133
years of True Whig Party and “Americo-
Liberian” domination from the oppressed
people. In the early days, the then Master-
Sergeant shared national prominence with
the forces Commanding-General
Quiwonkpa, the PRC vice-chairman Weh
Syen, and to a lesser extent the most
prominent former opposition leaders Dr.
‘Tipoteh and Baccus Matthews. Now,
however, having weathered the tests of
time and the worries of state, the once slim
but now “‘sleek”’ leader of Liberia, domin-
ates the newspapers and a lot of the
conversation.

Even if the phrase ‘tin consultation with
the PRC” is often added, Dr. Doe has
been doing the hiring and firing. In fact.
even more than that, the C-i-C (an affec-
tionate abbreviation of his Commander-In-
Chief title) has been gradually replacing
the collective Moses of the early days, until
some admiring journalists have come close
to calling him Jesus. This arose especially
out of the sensationa! dismissal of Justice
Minister Isaac Nyeplu. The simple facts
were that one Abraham Swarey was jailed
last December for involvement in a
$45,000 counterfeit and gasoline coupons
racket. At the end of this June, Sam
Massaquio (deputy police administration

13

police intelligence unit) were found guilty

‘by the Special Military Tribunal of receiv-

ing a $6,000 bribe from Swaray to secure '
his release, and were sentenced to death as
required by existing legislation. As one
newspaper said, Dr. Doe was inspired by
God and the wisdom of Jesus Christ
(remember the teaching about letting who
is without sin cast the first stone?) to
instruct the Justice Minister to find “three
police officers who were three honest and
uncorrupt officers to form the firing squad.
Both Minister Nyeplu and police chief
Joseph Myers failed in this task and were
dismissed by Dr. Doe. Minutes later, the
C-i-C personally released Swaray, Kamara
and Massaquio.

For some time now, Head of State Doe
has, maybe in consultation with some
smart advisers, been cultivating the image
of a man of peace and reconciliation, a
man of last-minute clemency and compas-
sion motivated by a firm sense of justice.
The only problems caused by this approach
might spring from the hint of autocracy,
however high the motivating principle, and
also the arbitrariness of exercising such
powers when his own courts have found
the accused guilty to the point of con-
demning them to death. One Liberian
commented that it would be even more
serious if what had started out as an

" accident, an act of political misjudgement,

was now becoming a style of government.

This was a reference to the five students
rescued just before a dawn death in Janu-
ary this year. It was understood that
Monrovia came to a standstill on hearing of
the death sentences, and spontaneous ju-
bilation broke out when C-i-C Doe


The Chirwa trial is the third for treason to’ be heard by the southern region
traditional court in Blantyre, consisting of five judges under the chaiftman-
ship of a tribal chief.

The first was that of former secretary-general Albert Nqumayo of Mr Banda's
Malawi congress partyin 1977. He was sentenced'to death. It is not known
here whether the sentence was carried out. -Former youth and culture minister
Gwanda.Chakuamba’ was ‘tried here for treason last year and got 20 years in
prison. (AFP) .

cso: 4700/1694

18



‘Shorthau! work of building mate-
rials.

On the property side a project
has been deferred to build 12 town
houses in the avenues as costs have
escalated greatly. - .

Zimbabwe Motor “Investments
had a better year than previously,
with the new Datsun Pulsar and
Bluebird “making a very welcome
addition to the country's car popu-
lation, being very economical to
run and with a good performance
for the cost of the vehicle.”* Those
attributes aside, any new car is
welcomed in this country.

‘WORRYING

There are worrying financial
aspects for Mash as well. The
situation has worsened, with
mining houses and multi-nationals
being the main culprits.

The forecast .for this year is a
maximum of 25c in earnings a
share. Says Mr Hardy: “I think it
is well known that I have taken a
very bullish view of the future of
Zimbabwe and it: grieves me .to
have to write such a pessimistic
report.””

At Plate Glass much the same
sentiment is expressed, but in a dif-
ferent way, except that the labour
situation is not deteriorating as

“The. report of the joint chief

executive mentions productivity.
“whilst understanding the philo-
sophy of more equitable -distri-
butikon of wealth the company 1s
aware of the dangers that affect
labour orientated __ operations
throughout the world; where a
rapid escalation of employment
cost, companied by an in-
crease in productivity cannot be
quickly absorbed.

“In this event a serious weaken-
ing of viability occurs which in
surn can endanger investment and
therefore employment.

“We believe that closer co-
operation and. communication
with Government departments will
ensure a more mutual under-
standing of these problems.”

In the report of the manu-
facturing division it says: “The
difficulties arising from the opera-
tion of ageing machinery and a
deficiency of hardwood material
together with the problems of esca-
lating inflation, a depressed sales
market and the reducing ability of
our management to effectively
control employee productivity,
gives emphasis to the magnitude of |
the challenge that lies ahead.”” «

‘An optimistic note is sounded by

|

badly. the personnel manager's report. |
INDICATORS ® INDICATORS @ INDICATORS @ INDICATORS
* INDEX DATE Previous.” High Low. 1Month 1Year | Record
: : Paria: : ago. ago High
* 5: 27,7,82 °:21.7.82 ‘ 29.6.82 27.7.81 -
ZIM INDUSTRIALS |: .. 159,12 °187,77 "227,15 185,46 162,92 326,85° 487,01
ZIM MININGS ... Se 3878 BOL: S124 27,42 27,91, 104,80 275,99
ZIM TURNOVER ee TRE They : ; :
Domestic $ 13 851 587322 @ 2880 24677 66561 4247737
External $ 59 384 (849369 «664.176 138 14.606 10 895 985.
40 115: 749 801 @ 8880 57.700 . 67527 . 3676310
ype 5618: 587,3 02,2 552,0.,. -$28,5 597,3
NEW YORK Vie. pepe 82277, 882,21 786,62 812,21 "945,87. - 1:024,05 *
.REUTERS COMMODOTIES © 1 543,3.. + 1635,5 14591 15366 17258 1832,6
PRICE” : er :
Gold (US $) 38275 408,50 296 311 403,50
Sugar (£) 107° 180 95 102 - , 228,0
Copper (£) 847 877,50 684,50 788". 909,5
Coffee (2) ee 1108 NS 1333,50°° 891 TR. 1332,50
ro !.@ = New Low ‘

Ay



SPECIAL YOUTH ACADEMY TO BE ESTABLISHED
Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 82 p 4
[Article by Davison Maruzival

[text]

A NATIONAL youth academy. will beset up in Harare to train specialist
youth brigades, the Mashonaland Central ‘provincial officer in the Ministry
of Youth, Sport and’ cos
Recreation, Cde Ngo-
ni Pawadyira, . has
said. Ce is

Cde Pawa: gaid the
specialist brigades would
be used to instruct young
people at centres’ through-
eut the eountry: ferences -
Getiineka’in ‘Mount Dar- other subjects, Uae motor emerge, Cade Pawadyira
an, gro, in, Mutare, org Ing, home economic, hook kod, shovt what, work
‘another at Pangani in _*eeping and secounts,
Filabust, Cde Pat

Gde Pawadyina, who was,

speaking t a
codressed by the Minleter
. Government and

Pawafyira -naia Tea were doing, Cde Pa-
that the comeeT Te acti? wadyira said they were
the concept Selene involved in various pro-

youth
Fae tdi acne as

ot 8 eee En fiaies and schools; One st
Town 9 SAS 108 eo brigades was assist
Chikowore, at Nzvimbo in oe ee svolve Wor foe the Danish or
the Chiweshe communal fiaing "to ‘aopdaticn, {om Development Aid
area; aad youth brigades “3778 , eeperatives: from People to People
began training in May last yy 71@ hoped that projects (Dapp) with the con
year, Uke carpentry and animal struction of a clinic at
“Ee rrinpage Enid at Bre Stee
atten Di ¥ ' At Nzvimbo, the bri-
Miniter gh tuater Reso? tion op see tiem off the gis rere iiwolved
cee velops le rojects like rear-
Soneph Kaparaten, ma MEP He geld thot the Nex ing, te eine and efor:
land ‘Gents Hone] Fou Council was egtation and in every one
chiefs Negomo and Chi- 4, ra on @ programme of the seven districts
weshe and people from ¢. fe up’ co-operatives throughout the provinee,
Rushinga, “Bindura and for {he youns people who the youth were growing
Centenary, . gomp! the. tworyear ing and marketing pro-
‘Agriculture, .. physteat Prigade. training, duces" oe
education . and He it was from these im Bindura and Chipu-
tary. training, - + aid, groups that the building wo there were welding
were compulsory among brigades would eventually brigedeg. “The idea is to

csO: 4700/1695

92

the youth brigades in the —

ZIMBABWE

ge and sell thelr pro-
Sucte. ‘Whet they get will
pe theirs. Ministry officials

a ira paid
Pawadyire q

1 tee there were

80.000 is people in the
youth Brigades in Masho«
Balend Central, The pro-
vines x _ tuiaed into
wards and it was e'
ed thet eventually There
would be 105 brigade
groups, each. representing
A ward in the province.
et Peel tee ie ist
ie ye brigades in the
nee ld probably be
get up at Dzimwe Secon-
dary School because the
basic infrastructure al-
‘peady exdsted he added.



NIGERIA

BRIEFS

AKINTOLA ON OIL DEPENDENCE--Federal deputy minister of finance Yomi Akintola
said that Nigeria's dependence on oil was seriously undermining the country's
economy. Akintola made that remark. at Maiduguri airport shortly after his
arrival at Maiduguri for a working visit. He said Nigeria should promote the
development of agriculture and light industry. Speaking in the office of the
governor of Borno state, deputy minister Akintola said he would like to see
the cooperation between federal and state revenue authorities improved. In
his statement, governor Goni said that although the country's economy was
faltering he had set up a committee to explore ways of maintaining the state's
revenue collections. [Text] [Kaduna GASKIYA TA FI KWABO in Hausa 27 Jul 82
p 12]

MUSLIM ELECTION REGISTRATION CALL--In his message to the Islamic community of
Nigeria, marking the end of Ramadan, Muslim leader Alhaji Sir Abubakar IIL
called on the Muslim population, .one and all, to go register for the upcoming
election. [Excerpt] [Kaduna GASKIYA TA FI KWABO in Hausa 29 Jul 82 p 10]

NEW FULANI ORGANIZATION--Al1l the Fulani and other herders of the Pauwa region
(Kankara) have joined to form a new organization called "Almubarakatu Yalwa
Miyatti Allah." At a large assembly of the organization in Kankara yesterday,
in his keynote address, Kankara's Pauwa sarki, Alhaji Muhammadu Lawal, called
on members not to. let religious or political differences creep into the or-
ganization's activities. [Excerpt] [Kaduna GASKIYA TA FI KWABO in Hausa

31 Jul 82 p 12]

cso: 4797/24

30



ordered their release, a jubilation that was
transformed into personal (if not political)
capital where the PRC chairman was con-
cerned. Ever since the heady days of the
early firing squads at the Barclay Training
Centre, it is as if death by execution has
been the big stick wielded by the same man
who then has proceeded to hand out the
carrots.

It seems like a joke to use the word
“carrots” when it comes to the much-
praised restoration at the beginning of July
this year of assets and properties confis-
cated from former Tolbert government
officials after the April 12 coup. At the
time, the PRC confiscated 301 houses from
34 former officials. Of this number, 144
houses belonged to the 13 people executed
by firing squad.

According to The New Liberian, the late
President Tolbert “‘led the list” owning 71
houses; Clarence Simpson (former True
Whig Party general secretary) came second
with 42 houses; Senator Taylor Major was
third with 31; former Speaker Richard
Henries followed with 24 houses, while
James T. Philips had 12 and Leroy Francis
had 11; Clarence Parker (True Whig
treasurer) and Oliver Bright had nine
houses each, and so on down to the
“poorest” of the 13 who had only five
houses each.

The PRC decision was that all properties

including those 157 houses and agricultural

estates of former government officials were
restored to their “rightful owners” except
for the executed 13 officials, the late
President Tolbert, the fugitive Vice-
President the Reverend Bennie D. War-'
ner, and Clarence Simpson. The New
Liberian said observers saw the move as a
demonstration by the PRC of its “respect
for and guarantee of the right to the
ownership of private properties in the
country”. It added that the measure would
certainly heal a lot of wounds and “bring
about genuine reconciliation, engender the
spirit of unity, peace and stability. It will
also urge more self-imposed Liberian ex-
iles to return home ... .”

14

In another article, the New Liberian
reminded readers that after the 1980 coup,
Dr. Doe ‘had assured the Liberian people
that the revolution occurred to free them
from minority rule, injustice, nepotism,
misuse of power, corruption and total
disregard for human rights. In those early
days the “revolution” was seen as ending
the 133-rule of the True Whig Party, the
“Americo-Liberian” élite, and the system
they ran of nepotism, minority rule, injus-
tice, misuse of power, corruption and
disregard for human and civil rights (re-
member the property clause for the voting
franchise which excluded the vast majority
of Liberians?) Since then, the emphasis has
gradually changed from advancing the
rights of the majority of Liberians, to
achieving “national unity and reconcilia-
tion”. In order to achieve these, it has been
necessary for the PRC not to be seen to
discriminate against those very same
“Americo-Liberians”.

The extent to which this even-
handedness has gone is the virtual recon-
stitution of the government apparatus
which the PRC overthrew. Although the
leading personnel of the government are
obviously different — there is firstly the
level of the PRC itself where former
enlisted men have fairly quickly become
five-star generals, and other senior ranks;
secondly there is the civilian Cabinet of
new faces — but the behind-the-scenes
advisers have been recruited mainly from
former True Whig Party circles. The best
examples of how the old had become the
new is the appointment of Wilfred Clarke
as director of police (he was deputy minis-
ter of national security in the Tolbert
government) and of Edward Massaquoi as
chairman of the joint security forces. Until
April 12, 1980, Massaquoi was head of the
Special Security Service. These appoint-
ments were described as positive steps in
national reconciliation, and according to
the effusive New Liberian, proof of the
PRC's “genuine determination to create
national consciousness”.



Feduced by $750000, but
Air Zimbabwe's {1s up
from ‘$389 000 to $600 000.

One major area of ex-
penditure, the CMED, has
been transferred to the
Ministry of National Sup-
plies.

‘The Transport Ministry
is to spend $2,4 millfon on
completing the overlay of
the old section of the run-
way and taxiway at Bula-
wayo airport, and $36 000
re-aligning ‘the access
road to Charles Prince
airport outside Harare.

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

Rising costs for Zim-
babwe's diplomatic _mis-
sions abroad have led to a
41,3 percent increase in
the allocation to cover ac-
commodation, rising from
$2,3 million to $3,25 mil-
lion. Grants and pledges
by the ministry to inter-
national agencies will cost
$535 000 this year. ‘

LOCAL GOVERNMENT -

AND TOWN PLANNING

Expendituré has been |
cut by $8 525 000. D |

Payments to the Dis- |
trict’ Development Fund |
for the maintenance of-|
capital works have been |
increased from $7,6 mil- |
lion to $11,65 million. The |
DDF’s budget for com-'|
munal lands development |
4s marginally up, at $6,05-
million. '

General development
loans to local authorities
rise from $14,7 million to
$27,383 million, Council
grants go up from’ $4,08
million to $5,25 million
while those to local
authorities and provincial
authorities have been cut,

Allowances to chiefs
and headmen have been

reduced. . :

The allocation for. the
purchase of urban land by
the Government has been
increased .to $2 850000
from $550 000. ‘

A new -central- rates
fund, with a budget of up
to $8 million, has been
created to finance the cost
of services for - growth
points and rural centres.

MANPOWER
PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT -

Bursaries. paid. . to
trainee college instructors
have been increased from
$415.000 to $760000, Col-
lege services are up 31
percent to $960 000.

HOUSING

A National Housing
Fund has been established
to finance . high-density
housing schemes: Its in-
ital budget 1s $59,5 . mil-
lion. +

LANDS,
RESETTLEMENT
AND RURAL
DEVELOPMENT

Funds for the acquis!-
tion of land in-the rural
areas have been increased:
to $25,1 million‘this year |
compared to almost $14.
million in 1981-82; Donors
will provide $6 million of
the increase. .

Grants for the Agricul-
tural and Rural De-
velopment ,Authority have
been cut by 11,6 percent
to $21,7 million, but $9,8
million of this is to be
funded from aid.

LABOUR AND SOCIAL

SERVICES

The ministry's labour
vote is dominated by the
27,6 percent rise in de-
mobilisation pay for .ex-
combatants. The bill has

risen from $47 million to
$60 million.

On the ' social services
side $19,06 million has
beén set aside for drought
relief in the communal

lands.
HEALTH

Medical and surgical
supplies are seen as a key.
element in developing
vhealth services, and
spending here is up from
.$5,73 million to $9,66 mil-

lion. The supplies “and
services bill in total in-
creases from $12 million

‘to $20,8 million.
Grants to Parlrenyatwa
Hospital have been

reduced from $21,7 million
to. $15,2 million and those
to local authorities, mis-
sions and voluntary
organisations are down
overal: from $33,5 million
to $31,5 million,

The wages bill for
medical care services
leaps from $22,2 million to

importance of
preventive. . medicine © is
highligntea by higher
staffing. The ‘wage bill
goes up from $3,75 million
to almost $9,5 million,
The Family Planning
Association’s grant has
been increased to $2,4 mil-
Hon from $1,47 million.
. ' EDUCATION AND
CULTURE
Education, now ac-
counting for 18,45 percent
of the Budget, has ,been
given an extra $92 million
this year taking its total
vote to a massive $408,4
million. i"
Primary schoo! teachers
in both the public and
private establishments ab-
sorb $231 450000 of this
in -salarles and wages.

! $30,4 million,

The

58

Secondary school teachers
take a further $68 500 000.
University of Zimbabwe!
grants rise from $163
million to $24,5 million.
UTH, SPORT
AND RECREATION.
Literally a standstill

’ budget for this ministry,

which sees expenditure on
training centres cut from
$4,9 million to a mere $2
million, Out of a $10 mil-
Non vote, $5,73 million
goes on salaries, wages
and allowances.

«COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT AND
WOMEN’S AFFAIRS

A 50 percent increase in‘
estimated expenditure is
more than taken care of
by the. ministry’s wage
bill, ‘which accounts for
71,6 percent of its vote.

Subsistence, _ transport
and expenses account for
a further 18,2 percent.

The Zimbabwe Republic
Polive absorb 91 percent
of the increased vote, up
21 percent on last year.
Of its $95 million alloca-
tor, $65 million goes on
wages, salaries and al-
lowances. ; .

The Registrar-General’s
department has: had its
estimates. more than
doubled to $3,1 millior.

Of the remaining mints-
terial votes, . Natural
Resuurces and Tourism
has increased its’ loans to
the Forestry Commission
‘from $808 000 to $6,4 mil-
Hon, and the commission's
budget -has been doubled
to more than $4 million,
National Parks and -Wild-
life’ have been given an
extra §900000 for de-
velopment.



CHAD

BRIEFS

ADB AID--The African Development Bank is to lend Chad $17m, to renovate its
damaged international airport and for other work in the country. A bank
administrator, M. Pierre Moussa said that part of the emergency loan would
go to rebuilding power installations in the capital and three other cities.
N'Djamena Airport was severely damaged in 1980 during fighting between
government troops and forces led by Hissene Habre. The Bank plans to
reactivate shelved projects including improved sewerage and roads for the
capital, rice growing and wheat growing, M. Moussa said. [text] [London
WEST AFRICA in English No 3391, 2 Aug 82 p 2015]

cso: 4700/1698



RICE FROM KOREA WILL SOON EASE SHORTAGE, SAYS HOVE

Harare THE HERALD in English 2 Aug 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

4700/1695

SIX thousand tonnes of
tice from the Democratic
People’s Republic of Ko-
rea will arrive in Zimba-
bwe shortly, the Minister
of Trade and Commerce,
Ode Richard Hove an-
nounced on Friday,

Cde Hove, who was
speaking to members of
the Gweru Chamber of
Commerce, said the re-
cent shortage of rice, had
been caused by # drought
im Malawi,

On the question of
shortages of other com-
modities, Cde Hove
said: “I have set up
within my ministry
“branch which has the res- |

sibility for investigat
ing reported shortages of
essential goods, The branch
is involved in the in-!
vestigation of reported or
anticipated shortages of
such items as ‘cooking oll, |
rice, ename} hollow-ware, |
blankets, schdol uniforms
and fertiliser, and has
been or is instru- |
menta} in finding a sola-
tion to each shortage.”

Cde .Hove said certain
shortages were being ex- |

acerbated by hoarding,
and in.particular, cooking
olf was in short supply
some manufactur-
ers were makinz marga-
rine ‘instead of oil.
. Met me sound a note
of warning on the difficul-
fies which some people
are experiencing in obtaln-
bread. e Grain
Marketing Board is allo-
cating wheat to the mil-
lets at 8 rate which will
‘ensure that our wheat
stocks will not run out be-
fore the new crop comes
jim, and the shortfall of
supply over demand is not
sufficient to account for
the shortage of bread,
| “I believe it is possible
that .somé bakers - are
switching production from
the standard loaves sold
‘at controlled prices to un-
controlled high-priced
fancy breads. !
“Fancy breads were left
uncontrolled. on the strict
‘gnderstanding that the’
standard loaves would al-
ways be available and tf
bakers do not abide by’
this understanding they’
must suffer the conse-
quences.”

90

ZIMBABWE



SOUTH AFRICA

BOTHA SPEECH IGNORES BLACKS; SIMPLISTIC APPROACH HIT

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 2 Aug 82 p 4

[Editorial]

[Text]

cso:

. THE GREAT moment in the history
tof South Africa came and went on
Friday night. It was considered that
the Prime Minister’s speech at the
Federal ‘Congress-of. the. National
Party in Bloemfontein ‘would - give
us an indication just where he pro-
Poses to lead South Africa.

Throughout his speech, Mr Botha
spoke as if there were no blacks in
this country. He tried to give the im-

‘ pression that for any political system:

sto work, all that-was really needed.

was to rope in the Indians and the

‘coloureds. With this formula, évery-

‘thing would-be fine, and everybody

is country: would live happily
ver after. a Bs

‘The whole approach sounded as

plistic-as those who predicted the

,Breat success of the homelands sys-

tem when. it was first initiated. In-

deed, even up ‘to:now, it seems the
Government jis refusing to accept.

“that no - political dispensation that

“excludes the majority of the people”
in this country can’ work. Others

4700/1697

35

have failed, and the “new” approach
Sis almost as sure to fail.
t. What Mr Botha needed to do was
“get to grips with the problems this
«country faces in a more realistic
F way. However, as usual, Mr Botha
“was apparently worried about what
the reaction from the remaining
conservatives in his party would be.
| They needed: to be reassured that
there would always be white domi-
\nation. Mr Botha did just that —
and came away’ victorious. But
South Africa is no better off for this.
| For the moment, National Party
i unity seems to be holding. We do not
“believe that anybody will take se-.
riously the suggestion ‘by Mr Jaap

| Marais that Mr Botha is leading the:

| country towards integration.

And so, South Africa’s great day,

turned out to be just another damp
squib. There is more division than
‘power sharing. And the blacks have
been relegated to the political games.
of the homelands. Does anybody
really think it.will work?



SOUTH AFRICA

AUTO PRODUCTION HALTED BY STRIKES
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 7 Aug 82 p 13

[Article by Jentje Knuppel

[text]

\ VIRTUALLY all vehicle
| Production in the East-
‘ern Cape ground to a

\halt yesterday when
Black members of the
National Automobile
and Allied Workers’
Union laid down tools
and walked off their
jobs in the sixth major
wildcat strike to hit the
area in 23 days.

» General Motors shut
down its Port Elizabeth

-plant at about noon
yesterday after Blacks

‘left their jobs and made
operations impossible

,to continue.

» Armed Police stood
by at both Ford and GM
plants as the workers

{walked out.

‘. Earlier in the day, at
about 9 am, thousands

of Ford employees laid

down tools at the com-

‘pany’s truck and Neave

plants, also in Port Eli-

zabeth.
A company spokes-
men said Ford’s re-

cso: 4700/1697

maining two plants —

engine and Cortina —"

Stayed open, but it is
| understood that unless
production at the truck
and Neave centres re-
sumes on Monday, the
other plants will also be
forced to close. —.

Volkswagen’s Uiten-
hage plant was also
shut. It has been closed
) Since Tuesday, when a
|continuing go-slow by
| workers. made as-
sembly-line production

uneconomic, and man-
|agement sent its em-
ployees home.

The latest walk-outs
| at General Motors and
| Ford ‘have come after
| renewed efforts by the

firms to_reach_a_wage-
reement with NAA-
‘WU’s executive.

|" Employers represen-
\ted on the motor manu-
‘facturing industrial
council upped their
wage offer to NAAWU
‘on Thursday, increas-
ing their initial mini-

38

‘mum hourly wage rate
Proposal by 5c to R2,20.
ick < workers at the the

Eastern Cape mo-
‘tor firms receive R2,00
ta hour at the moment,
‘on the lowest gradés.
| Some of the motor
| firms are now believedy
to be reaching the end
of their tether and are
considering _. moving
their plants from the
Port Elizabeth area en-
tirely.
Meanwhile NAAWU
chas announced that a
wage agreement with
ithe Car Distributors
| Assembly plant in rela-
tively trouble-free East
London has been reach-

ed.
NAAWU hes ancept-
ed a CDA minimum
hourly wage offer of
+R2,15 with the proviso
fthat pay will be in-
creased again in’ six
months’ time.

“The agreement will
last a year.