Editorial Note on Part 410
Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 410 appear at 62 FR 46037, Aug. 29, 1997.

§ 410.48 Kidney disease education services. ( a ) *Definitions.* As used in this section: *Kidney disease patient education services* means face-to-face educational services provided to patients with Stage IV chronic kidney disease.
*Physician* means a physician as defined in section 1861(r)(1) of the Act.
*Qualified person* means either of the following healthcare entities that meets the qualifications and requirements specified in this section to provide kidney disease patient education services— ( i ) One of the following healthcare professionals who furnishes services for which payment may be made under the physician fee schedule: ( A ) Physician (as defined in section 1861(r)(1) of the Act).
( B ) Physician assistant as defined in section 1861(aa)(5) of the Act and § 410.74 of this subpart).
( C ) Nurse practitioner as defined in section 1861(aa)(5) of the Act and § 410.75 of this subpart).
( D ) Clinical nurse specialist (as defined in section 1861(aa)(5) of the Act and § 410.76 of this subpart),
( ii ) ( A ) A hospital, critical access hospital, skilled nursing facility, comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility, home health agency, or hospice that is located in a rural area as defined in § 412.64(b)(ii)(C) of this chapter; or
( B ) A hospital or critical access hospital that is treated as being rural under § 412.103 of this chapter.
*Renal dialysis facility* means a unit, which is approved to furnish dialysis service(s) directly to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, as defined in § 405.2102 of this chapter.
*Stage IV chronic kidney disease* means kidney damage with a severe decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) quantitatively defined by a GFR value of 15-29 ml/min/1.73m2, using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study formula.
( b ) *Covered beneficiaries.* Medicare Part B covers outpatient kidney disease patient education services if the beneficiary meets all of the conditions and requirements of this subpart, including all of the following: ( 1 ) Is diagnosed with Stage IV chronic kidney disease.
( 2 ) Obtains a referral from the physician (as defined in section 1861(r)(1) of the Act) managing the beneficiary's kidney condition.
( c ) *Qualified person.* ( 1 ) Medicare Part B covers outpatient kidney disease patient education services provided by a qualified person as defined in paragraph (a) of this section and must be able to properly receive Medicare payment under part 424 of this chapter.
( 2 ) A qualified person does not include either of the following: ( i ) A hospital, critical access hospital, skilled nursing facility, comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility, home health agency or hospice if kidney disease patient education services are provided outside of a rural area as defined in § 412.64(b)(ii)(C) of this chapter unless the services are furnished in a hospital or critical access hospital that is treated as being in a rural area under § 412.103 of this chapter.
( ii ) A renal dialysis facility, as defined in § 405.2102 of this chapter.
( d ) *Standards for content of kidney disease patient education services.* The content of the kidney disease patient education services includes the following: ( 1 ) The management of comorbidities including for the purpose of delaying the need for dialysis which includes, but not limited to, the following topics: ( i ) Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
( ii ) Prevention and treatment of diabetes.
( iii ) Hypertension management.
( iv ) Anemia management.
( v ) Bone disease and disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism management.
( vi ) Symptomatic neuropathy management.
( vii ) Impairments in functioning and well-being.
( 2 ) The prevention of uremic complications which includes, but not limited to, the following topics: ( i ) Information on how the kidneys work and what happens when the kidneys fail.
( ii ) Understanding if remaining kidney function can be protected, preventing disease progression, and realistic chances of survival.
( iii ) Diet and fluid restrictions.
( iv ) Medication review, including how each medication works, possible side effects and minimization of side effects, the importance of compliance, and informed decision-making if the patient decides not to take a specific drug.
( 3 ) Therapeutic options, treatment modalities, and settings, including a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each treatment option and how the treatments replace the kidney, which includes, but not limited to, the following topics: ( i ) Hemodialysis, both at home and in-facility.
( ii ) Peritoneal dialysis (PD), including intermittent PD, continuous ambulatory PD, and continuous cycling PD, both at home and in-facility.
( iii ) All dialysis access options for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
( iv ) Transplantation.
( 4 ) Opportunities for beneficiaries to actively participate in the choice of therapy and be tailored to meet the needs of the individual beneficiary involved which includes, but not limited to, the following topics: ( i ) Physical symptoms.
( ii ) Impact on family and social life.
( iii ) Exercise.
( iv ) The right to refuse treatment.
( v ) Impact on work and finances.
( vi ) The meaning of test results.
( vii ) Psychological impact.
( 5 ) Qualified persons must develop outcomes assessments designed to measure beneficiary knowledge about chronic kidney disease and its treatment. ( i ) The outcomes assessments serve to assess program effectiveness of preparing the beneficiary to make informed decisions about their healthcare options related to chronic kidney disease.
( ii ) The outcomes assessments serve to assess the program's effectiveness in meeting the communication needs of underserved populations, including persons with disabilities, persons with limited English proficiency, and persons with health literacy needs.
( iii ) The assessment must be administered to the beneficiary during a kidney disease education session.
( iv ) The outcomes assessments must be made available to CMS upon request.
( e ) *Limitations for coverage of kidney disease education services.* ( 1 ) Medicare Part B makes payment for up to 6 sessions of kidney disease patient education services.
( 2 ) A session is 1 hour long and may be provided individually or in group settings of 2 to 20 individuals who need not all be Medicare beneficiaries.
( f ) *Effective date.* Medicare Part B covers kidney disease patient education services for dates of service on or after January 1, 2010.
[74 FR 62003, Nov. 25, 2009]