enunciated. The pamphlet points out that the then minister of commmal devel-
opment, Mc Pen Kotze, had already proposed (February, 1983) "drastic" and "re-
lentless" government actions against non-Whites illegally residing in white
districts. He said at that time that there were enough houses and tenements
for Coloreds and Indians in their own various racial districts.

In October 1983 the government warned Indians and Coloreds in white districts
to leave them immediately. Legislation would also be introduced to prosecute
house and apartment owners who allowed illegal occupation of their properties
by non-Whites. The minister of law and order, Mr Louis le Grange, announced
that every case of illegal occupation would be thoroughly investigated by the
police and would be referred to the attorney-general's office. After a visit
to Mayfair, Mr Kotze said: "They did not live in thin air before they moved
here illegally. Let them go back to where they came from."

8117
CSO: 3401/14

55



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ARCHBISHOP TUTU TALKS ABOUT AFRIKANERS, WINNIE MANDELA
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans, 3 Oct 86 p 15
[Article by Ingo Capraro: "Frank Talk With Archbishop Tutu"]

LText] “One of the things about the Afrikaners is that in general you know
where you stand with them. If they like you, they like you; if they hate you,
they hate you." So says the Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, Dr Desmond
Tutu. "Nothing really significant will take place (in South Africa) if the NG
Church, in other words the Afrikaner, is not involved in it," he told DIE
BURGER in an interview at Bishopscourt. He opened the interview with a short
prayer. An abridged rendition of the interview follows.

Question: Are you a moderate?

Answer; That depends a lot on who is assessing me. I would say that the
Christian creed is always radical whenever it is genuine. When I say that I
want to get rid of apartheid, that must make me a radical, but I may be
regarded as a moderate by many young black people. And that is not meant as
praise (he laughs).

Q: You have already often been characterized as someone who can play a
conciliatory role in the country. Do you think you can play that role between
the Afrikaner and other groups, especially blacks?

As (He laughs again) If the Lord has called upon me for that, yes. I hope
that I can be one of those who is used in such a way that it brings about a
rapprochement among the various groups.

Q: How informed do you consider yourself about the thinking and political
viewpoints of Afrikaners?

As (Laughs) When I was in Johannesburg, I tried to read the Afrikaans
newspapers every day. I read BEELD and DIE VADERLAND. I intend to read DIE
BURGER every day. But I also have Afrikaner friends. I was quite surpised by
a Bible which was sent to me as a gift by a group (of 34 young Afrikaners of
the Pretoria Technikon). That is very touching. (good wishes are with it)

21



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Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied~by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
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given by source.

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113104
cso:

councillors and the dissolution of the
council. But the State is unlikely to give
in to-these preconditions. sleet a
“To try to resolve the boycott the!
authorities are now using a combina-
tion of measures worked out by the
State Security Council, and these in-
clude coercion to detain leaders, evict-
ing rent. defaulters and recruiting
youths into.an.informer network,” says
Mr Swilling. © : {

Non-coercive measures include prop-
aganda through ‘television, radio and
newspal Another tactic is to blame
the boycott on intimidation, thus justi-
fying the detention of “intimidators”.

Mr Swilling says township authori-
ties have set up law and order commit- :
tees: and councillors visit individual
households asking them to pay their:

rent.

“I have heard that the State intends
spending R1 million on advertising to
make people pay rent,” he says.|

Mr Swilling says Soweto cannot beat

its financial problems.
;; “Townships like Soweto are dormi-
tories designed to provide cheap black
labour. Houses, land and services must
be cheap. .

“So you have a cheap township with
no substantive middle class, no rateable ;
properties and negligible taxable enter- !

3400/263

64

prise. Most residents live below the °
bread line,” he says. .

The major sources of income in:
Soweto until recently were liquor stores
and beerhalls, owned solely by Govern-
ment-appointed development boards.

With the dissolution of the develop-
ment boards, these amenities are up for
sale and a widespread boycott of rents
has enveloped at least 54 townships. —

Says Mr Swilling: “There is no way
any township can be an independent fi-
nancial base for local government.

“The solution lies in regarding the
white cities and their wealth and the:
black townships and their poverty as
single units. Until there is a way of
spreading wealth , we will not begin to
solve the problem. \

“The Regional Services Councils will.
certainly not achieve this. They are eth-
nically based and can therefore not
achieve the objective of spreading the
wealth.” fet i

Soweto’s recovery from its financial
ills will have to. be primarily political.
before it is economic. The township
complex was built for an ideological
purpose — to keep black people apart
from their white countrymen. It is now
reaping the harvest of. what it did not
sow. 5


/13104
cso:

2400/263

ment if the incorporation goes
through.

Still, some farmers are happy to
sell now, and see it as their only way
to unload near worthless land after
four years of drought.

A Transvaal Rural Action Com-
mittee spokesman predicts that an
improvement in rain. sitution
could do more to help the blacks than
all the petitions and lawsuits they. -
could file.

While the CP, white farmers and
blacks pray for rain, Constitutional
Development and Planning Minister
Chris Heunis holds all the cards.

75



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

ZAMBIA

BRIEFS

ZIMBABWE DISSIDENT JAILED-~Bulawayo Oct 29 SAPA-~A former: guerrilla with

Mr Joshua Nkomo's ZIPRA forces, Boniface. Sibanda, ‘has been jailed for ten
years for crossing into Zambia to retrieve weapons which he had cached there
earlier this year. Sibanda was arrested by the Zambian police--the first
instance in which their co-operation has been publicly acknowledged in defeat-
ing dissident activities in Zimbabwe. Pleading not guilty, he told regional
magistrate Mr Peter Finch he had been intimidated into making liisforay across
the Zambezi by a dissident gang leader, Mr Vincent Ncube, who was trained

like himself in Zambia during the 1972-80 Rhodesian war. [Text] [Johannes-
burg SAPA in English 0756 GMT 29 Oct 86 MB] © /6662

csO: 3400/299

1



CISKEI BUSINESS 800M DETAILED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 12 Oct 8&6 p 1

[Article by Ruth Golembo]

{Text ] BUSINESS is booming in Cis-

The past financial year,
with the country’s tax-free
company incentives, saw
new industrial investments
of R69-million flow in —
nearly doubling the number
of factories and creating
6 000 jobs.

And for the first time in the
country’s history 23% more
private than government
money was invested in the
country’s industries.

Cecil Vanda, managing di-
rector of the Ciskei People’s
Development Bank (CPDB),
says this shows how success-

Ciskei’s new tax-free poli-
cy has been in attracting
quality, profit-orientated,
self-funding industries.

The country moved away,
about 18 months ago, from
the expensive investment in-
centive concession schemes
to one which abolished com-
pany taxes and slashed per-
sonal taxes to 15%.

Under the new system. the
first R8000 in personal in-
come is tax-exempt, and
there are no estate duties,
capital taxes or donations
tax in Ciskei.

The government's income
comes from general sales tax
and a 15% withholding tax on
dividends and earnings leav-
ing the country.

Dave Hart, the bank’s gen-
eral development manager,

/13104
cso: 3400/267

says the cheaper tax-free:
route attracted bigger and*
more profitable companies
intent on staying in the coun-
try, while the concession
method saw some small com-
panies close after their con-
cession period lapsed.

Since Ciskei became a tax
haven, demands by entrepre-
neurs to open new businesses
has exceeded the available
business’ accommodation:

At one stage the CPDB was
completing one new industri-
al investment every week.

‘The year saw 40 new com-
panies to the value of R53-
million open and 19 factory

expansions invest a further
R14,8-million.

The bank — which was es-
tablished 10 years ago to aid
industry — has invested
R107-million in industrial
buildings, erecting 100 fac-
tories in Dimbaza, 29 in Fort
Jackson and 12 in other
areas.

A further R13,3-million has
been ploughed into infra-
structures.

Mr Vanda says that,
though industrial develop-
ment has been dominated by
non-Ciskeian investors, local-
ly owned and operated busi-
nesses were being encour-
aged.

About 30% of the com-
panies in Ciskei are owned by
companies in France, Italy,

70

JPRS-SSA~86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRTCA

Israel, Hong Kong, Taiwan,’
Argentina and the US.

_ But a local industries divi-;
sion has been established in
the past financial year to,
help Ciskeian entrepreneurs
enter the formal industrial.
sector.

During the 1985/86 finan-
cial year, 59 new Ciskeian
businesses were formed
through the auspices of the.
small-business development.
division of the bank.

Hawkers

They include butcheries,
supermarkets, general deal-
ers, bottle stores, restaurants
and funeral parlours.

During its five months of
operation the industries divi-
sion has helped form five new
wholly owned Ciskeian com-
panies

‘And, to upgrade the infor-
mal sector, hawkers have
had loans of about R53 000 in
the past year.

Mr Vanda says the coun-
try’s growth has not boomed
at the expense of its neigh-

Urs.

_ He says Ciskei attracted
investors from far afield, in-
cluding a large number from
overseas who aimed at the
export market.

‘here was virtually no un-
employment in the country,
which in 1976 had only four
factories and jobs for only
1100 workers.


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK CLERGYMEN, COMMUNITY COUNCIL MEMBERS START NEW PARTY
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 7 Oct 86 p 11

{Article by DIE BURGER correspondent and Sapa, Johannesburg: "UCCP “Open to
All Christians'--New Party Wants to reconcile SA"]

(Text] A new multiracial political party with the goal of bringing about
political conciliation in South Africa, the United Christian Conciliation
Party (UCCP), was founded here yesterday by black clergymen and community
council members. Dr Isaac Mokoena, honorary chairman of the Reformed
Independent Christian Association (RICA), who claims the support of the
roughly five million members of congregations affiliated with the RICA, is-one
of the chairmen. Dr Mokoena is known for his moderateness and his sharp
eriticism of Archbishop Desmond Tutu's calls for sanctions.

The party intends to nominate candidates for all three houses of parliament in
the next gereral election, it was announced here at a news conference.
According to Dr Mokoena, that will be done so that the interests of black
moderates can be indirectly represented in parliament. "The party is open to
all who act according to Christian values, regardless of creed, race or sex,"
he said. Mr Tam Linda, a former mayor and chairman of the Association of
Eastern Cape Community Councils, is the other chairman. He and Dr Mokoena
recently visited Britain and America to explain the situation in South Africa
to influential people. Mr Edward Kunene, council member from Soweto, is the
party's treasurer. Dr Mokoena's actively joining politics is in itself
regarded as significant, especially in the light of his former statements that
church affairs and politics do not belong together. Yesterday, however, Dr
Mokoena said religion and politics are now "inseparable."

It is expected that the RICA, which is known for its moderate policy, will be
sympathetic toward the new party. Although Dr Mokoena denied yesterday that
members of the RICA will be asked to join the UCCP, his position as honorary
chairman of the RICA could raise the UCCP's membership to more than four
million. The moderate UCCP could thereby become the largest political
organization in South Africa. The Inkatha organization of Chief Mangosuthu
Buthelezi, chief minister of KwaZulu, has a membership of just over a million
people. At a news conference yesterday Dr Mokoena and Mr Linda asserted
several times that they are striving for a state of unity in South Africa,
which must be brought about by a policy of one man, one vote.

28


scheme for ‘the hungry!
children in her area. She

rates from her own
tiny kitchen . In this small
space, she cooks for 240
children and 120 pension-
ers.

More and more chil-
dren come every day, she
says. “They know they
can come here. In the be-
ginning they're so full of
pride, it breaks my heart.
But then they break down

/13104
csO: 3400/261

and begin to trust me, and
they're not so shy any-
more.”

Tant Swannie also re-
lies‘on the public for food
and funds. She, too, has
had no problems or short-
ages because the public
has supported her all the
way. More is always wel-
come though, she says.

Before she started this
demanding job, Tant
Swannie says she suffered

99

from terrible - nérves,
“Now I have no nerves:
left. I don’t know why I
do it. Perhaps it’s because
T have grandchildren and
I'd hate to see them in
this position without me
to help them.”

Tant Swannie can be
contacted at 837-7434, or
donations can be sent to
21 Ist Street, Jan Hof-
meyr.


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

HNP REPRESENTATIVE WANTS TO. RETAIN SEPARATE WHITE EDUCATION
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Sep 86 p 3

(Unattributed article: "Plea for White System —- F.W. Aims at Mixed Education
~~ Stofberg"]

[Text] The government's plan to have a uniform matriculation certificate
issued to all racial groups by one board is aimed at promoting integration and
racial equalization, the HNP MP for Sasolburg, Mr Louis Stofberg, says. Mr
Stofberg, who took part in the second lecture debate of the amendment bill on
the South African Certification Board, at the same time made a strong plea for
retaining a distinct educational system for whites. The government has a
totally different approach from the rightist parties to nationhood in South
Africa, Mr Stofberg declared. ‘The NP says there is one overall South African
nation consisting of separate groups and from this arises an aspiration for an
overall educational system. Such a system would head for a mixed South
African nation, such as is now advocated by the NP. In contrast, the rightist
parties in the Volksraad are in favor of the continued existence of separate
peoples who retain their different identities. On the basis of that, each
people should have their own educational system.

Mr Stofberg said the minister of national education, Mr F.W. de Klerk, is now
taking an entirely different position from that which he grew up with. That
is exactly what the HNP does not want to happen to the Afrikaner people. "We
do not want to have the Afrikaner people as such changing principle and course
and direction in one lifetime, as the honorable minister of national education
has changed. What has happened to him personally must not happen to the
Afrikaner people as a whole, for then it is the end of the Afrikaner people."
The rightist parties are not only in favor of white schools, but also believe
that the white racial group should have a distinct educational system which
essentially bears a white imprint, Mr Stofberg said. "We are further in favor
of Afrikaans-speaking native-language schools never ceasing to exist, in order
to assure that within the overall white nation the Afrikaner people perpetuate
their identity and future as the nucleus, as the original white nation in
South Africa. "A people without their own educational system do not have any
future."

The purpose of the legislation is to institute one board for the issuance of
certificates. In so doing, an attempt will be made to try to bring about

35



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

TRADE TALKS WITH TAIWAN —~ Taipei. - South Africa and the Republic of China
conducted talks yesterday on ways to increase South African trade in the light
of threatening sanctions. Attempts to market South Africa's raw materials
better were discussed in particular. Dr Dawie de Villiers, minister of trade
and industry, was received by President Chiang Ching-kuo at his offices
yesterday for the talks on a ministerial level. They will last four days and
deal with matters such as trade, scientific and technological cooperation and
communication. President Chiang stressed the importance of the advancement of
relations between those two countries in their talks. A Chinese government
trade journal reported earlier this year that the South African and Chinese
governments had agreed to cooperate to market strategic raw materials such as
titanium, silicon and superalloys, as well as synthetic diamonds. The
Republic of China will also serve as an important marketing and distribution
center in the Pacific Ocean area. President Chiang thanked Dr De Villiers for
his regular attendance of the conferences on Chinese and South African
economic and technical cooperation. Dr De Villiers, who arrived here the day
before yesterday for talks that started yesterday, will also meet the prime
minister, Joe Kuo-hwa [sic - Yu Kuo-hua], and other highly placed government
officials. He is departing again on 6 September. - (Sapa-Reuter-CNA) [Text]
[Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 2 Sep 86 p 9] 13084

TAIWAN MAY REPLACE IBM -~ The South African market of the worldwide American
computer company, IBM, may be taken over by identical, sanction-free Taiwanese
computers if the United States carries out its threat to ban the export of
computers. A Johannesburg computer firm has reportedly already assumed the
South African agency for the Taiwanese company involved. According to that
firm, the Taiwanese product is even sold in the United States, where it is 40
percent cheaper than the Americans' own product. The Taiwanese provide full
warranties and expert service. The University of Arizona has characterized
this Taiwanese computer as "one of the best." The Taiwanese will in the
beginning market mainly IBM-type personal computers and other light models.
From there they will expand to ever larger and more comprehensive models. JEM
was one of the first American enterprises in South Africa to adopt the
Sullivan Code, a set of leftist political rules which are followed by American
enterprises doing business in South Africa. [Text] [Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in
Afrikaans 10 Sep p 10] 13084

NEW HEADQUARTERS FOR ARMSCOR--A contract of R70m to build Armscor's new
headquarters near Pretoria was awarded to S M Goldstein at the weekend. The
building, on a 68 000m site near the Nl°eastern bypass, will provide 2 400
work stations. [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 6 Oct 86 p 1]
13104

60


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

FIGURES VARY ON BLACK MIGRATION TO WESTERN CAPE
Cape Town DIR BURGER in Afrikaans 2 Sep 86 p 9
{Article by city reporter: "900,000 Blacks in Cape, Council Finds"]

The estimated total population of the five black areas in the Peninsula --
Crossroads, Khayelitsha, Langa, Nyanga and Guguletu -- was about 900,000 in
July of this year. That was a finding by Mr D. Mabin, retired assistant city
engineer (housing) of the Cape city council, a spokesman for the council's
planning department said. According to Mr Malbin, his source was the Western
Cape Development Board (as the Community Service Department was called until
recently). It has officially been agreed that the black population figure
for 1985 in the area of "Greater Cape Town" was about 568,000, the spokesman
said. Mr Sampie Steenkamp, public relations officer of the Cape Provincial
Administration, Community Service Department, repudiates these figures. He
says the black migration figures to the Western Cape in a report in DIE BURGER
of 19 August are wrong. DIE BURGER had quoted those migration figures from a
report of July 1986 about creating jobs at low costs in Cape Town, which the
Cape city council had drawn up at the request of the President's Council. It
is a report by the acting city engineer, Mr A.E. Thorne. According to that
report, black migration to the Western Cape increased dramatically the past
year. The rate was estimated to be about 9,000 a month in February of 1985.
But the net migration to the area was about 130,000 between December 1985 and
May of this year ~- that is, about 26,000 people per month, it was reported.
According to that report, the figures in question were obtained from the then
Western Cape Development Board. Mr Steenkamp says he does not know where the
city council got the figure of 130,000, but it definitely did not get it from
the Development Board. Mr Steenkamp said he doubts whether the July figure of
900,000 for the five black areas is correct. It looks as if the 1985 figure
of 568,000 for the area of "Greater Cape Town" may be wrong, he said.

Agreed

DIE BURGER asked Mr Steenkamp what the latest figures are. He discussed the
matter with the managing director and then said: "We felt we'll just drop it
there. We do not want to go on with it in the press." The spokesman for the
city council said some of the members of the group working on the report jin
question got the figures. They are based on estimates and projections. "The
Western Cape Development Board, as it was still called then, was phoned and

31



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

DEGRADING LIVING CONDITIONS IN SOWETO DESCRIBED
Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 5 Oct 86 p 8

{Article by Jon Qwelane]
{Text ] SOWETO is groaning under the weight

of piles of rubbish and a backlog of un-
paid rent bills adding up to R24 million
in the last four months. And-the deficit
is rising.

The Soweto Council loses R6 million
every month in unpaid rents, according
to the Wits University-based Communi-
ty Research Group (CRG) which has
monitored the state of the - townships
over a long period.

Attempts to talk to Soweto town’
clerk Mr Nico Malan have been fruit~
less. When I called a sixth time his
secretary said he did not want to talk to

The two “sister” townships of Soweto,
Diepkloof-Meadowlands and Dobson-
ville, are experiencing similar prob-
lems. As with Soweto, no official com-
ment could be obtained.

The Government knows about the

mess in the townships, as Law and:

Order Minister Louis le.Grange proved !

on Wednesday.

i

He told the Cape congress of the Na-

tional Party he was not surprised

blacks throw stones at police in the.
townships because conditions there are:

so bad. In some areas there is no water,
no street lighting and no refuse collec-
tion.

To make matters worse for
the mayor, Mr Ephraim Tshabalala,
has officially asked the Government to
dissolve its council.

This follows a court application in
which he was reinstated as mayor, hav-
ing been suspended three times for al-
legedly flouting council rules. He also
housed 1500 squatters in shanties he
erected without council permission, and
allegedly collected rent from them.

The shack settlement swallowed

63

R16 000 from the impoverished coun- “
cil’s coffers. The money was spent on |
temporary toilets. _ j

- The overcrowded conditions of the.
densely populated town, coupled with a
lack of running water and a serious
garbage collection problem, exemplify
the pitiful state that is is much of Soweto
today.

« There seems no hope of recovering
the millions owed the council because
the rent boycott, instead of tapering off,
is escalating.

Since the start of the boycott Soweto
has become markedly dirtier as ser-
vices break down. Open sewers are just
about everywhere, spewing filth into
the streets. Many residents tip over-
flowing refuse cans at street corners.

Wits academic Mark Swilling, who
has closely monitored the townships,
doubts that residents are being intimi-
dated into not paying rent.

“This assertion of intimidation seems
difficult to. sustain. It would require an
army to force 50000 Soweto households.
not to pay rent. It is not the people who
have the army, but the State. Surely if
intimidation worked, boycotts would be
unheard of,” says Mr Swilling. -

It was the same “moral majority”
who boycotted the 1983 council elec-
tions (with an electorate turnout of less
than 20 percent) who participated in the
1984 stayaways and supported the sub-
sequent consumer boycotts.

The CRG, like community organisa-
tions in the township, does not believe
that the crisis can be resolved as long
as the State of Emergency is in force.

“The minimum requirements are for
the Emergency to be lifted, the release
of all detainees and the resignation of



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S TRANSPORT STRUCTURE FACES BIG SHAKI-UP

Views to Privatizing Large Segments of SATS
Johannesburg THE STAR in Enelish 13 Oct 85 p 10
{Article by Bruce Cameron]

{Text ] The entire transport structure in ® @A National Roads Act that will

South Africa, including the South
African Transport Services, is about
to be’turned on its head.

The tight regulatory controls
which limited free’ enterprise. in
transport and gave SATS a lop-sided
monopoly over the years are target
number one.

Then a start will be.made on
privatising large segments of the
SATS empire.

Major indications of. the
Government's re-think of transport
policy were given by the. Director-

General of Transport and chairman’
of the National Transport:

Commission, Mr A B Eksteen, at the
recent Outlook for Trucks
conference organised by
the magazine Transport
Management.

A draft White Paper on the new
transport policy was going before
the Cabinet sub-committee on
economic affairs last week.

The White Paper is expected to
be tabled in Parliament at the start
of next year’s session of
Parliament.

It would be rapidly followed by
three new Acts of Parliament to
replace and consolidate earlier
legislation while introducing the new
approach.

The three proposed laws are:

@A Transport Act which will
deregulate the transport sytem and
scrap the National Transport
Commission, replacing it with an
advisory council.

100

bring the planning and construction
of all roads under one hody and a
new and more equitable method of
rasing money for road construction.
@A Road Traffic Act which will’
consolidate all existing central
government and provincial
legislation and bring into operation
a new penalty point system for
heavy vehicle drivers, and
operators. aa
An. investigation is being carriéd
‘out by SATS at the moment to:
consider, which services could be
privatised. These services included
harbours, pipelines and roa:
transportation. >

Privatise ot

‘The transport structure is not the
only target of Government plans to
deregulate and privatise. Also under
the spotlight is the Post Office.

Mr Eksteen said at the
conference that the White Paper
had been drawn up as a result of
investigations by the National
Transport Policy Study Group and
that it would be published next year
along with major changes to
legislation.

Mr Eksteen made it clear that
SATS would no longer be protected,
the practice of cross-subsidising
unprofitable services of SATS from
the profitable ones would halted and
segments would be privatised.

Current transport policy was
“contrary to the widely stated
principles of national economic


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SAISAIU PRESIDENT SPEAKS OUT AGAINST INTEGRATION
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 17 Sep 86 p 3
lArticle: "Union Against Integration"]

(Text] During the recent jubilee congress of the South African Iron, Steel
and Allied Industries Union, union President G. P. Diederiks spoke out
strongly against the integration policy being forced on the white worker.

“White workers are now being forced to mix with people of other colors in all
areas. On the work floor, in the locker room, in the tea room, literally in
all areas where the white worker may find himself, he must now sacrifice his
individuality and national identity," said Diederiks. "If he goes to the
government, his plea seems to fall on deaf ears. Abroad they label him a
racist and in business circles they view him as a mere commodity. As if that
were not enough, he's buried under accusations of being a white barbarian and
oppressor and some people are about to crumble under self-reproach. But if
you lose your national pride, if you suffer from a self-reproach syndrome, you
won't be any use to yourself or to others."

At the dinner that preceded the congress, Diederiks declared that the iron and
steelworkers union stands foursquare by its constitution, which states that
only whites can become members of the union.

The congress accepted with applause a decision to ask the government to retain
and strictly enforce the Group Areas Act. Another decision sharply condemns
ESCOM [Electricity Supply Commission] for integrating clubs, toilets, and
other amenities.

Motions were accepted stating that when white workers suffer pay losses as a
result of illegal strikes by blacks that compel companies to close for a day
or two, the losses should be made up. Many employers pay blacks their full
pay for days they stay away as a result of "intimidation" and unemployment
benefits are the least that whites are entitled to in such cases.

The congress also protested against granting union rights to workers from
neighboring black states. It was decided that it is going too far to permit
the citizens of black states also to have a say in white affairs by granting
them union rights.

12593
CsO: 3401/16

41



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Another Durban clinical psychologist said the general in-'
crease in anxiety since the state of emergency started had”
aggravated psychological problems among her patients. She
had treated depressed or anxious children who had “a second-
ary fear of bombs”. Some felt things would get so bad that
they would sit in their homes behind sandbags.

Mr Grahame Hayes, a lecturer in pyschology at the Univer-
sity of Natal, said the fears of township children were more
related to the activities of the security forces. Some showed a
general fear of people in uniform.

This, he said, was a specific response to incidents the
children had seen — security force personnel chasing, hitting,
kicking or shooting people. There were also reports of “a
whole range” of regressive behaviour among township chil
dren, including bedwetting. Some children were being re-
ferred because of uncontrolled crying and anxiety which ap-
peared to be emotional reactions to stress. .

“There is a whole range of responses but the one thing
in common is that their parents say the children were fine
until the recent troubles.”

Mr Hayes said one of his colleagues had treated a white
woman whose little girl was afraid to go to the toilet alone.
Asked why, the child replied: “Because of the state of emer-
gency.” .

83



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

of the electricity corporation, and P and T facilities. Last night, the
prison authorities staged a mock riot at the central prison in Sekondi to

test the ability of the prison officers to handle such situations. The staged
riot began as a protest by the prisoners over the quality of their food. It
ended with 15 prisoners reportedly getting injured, 5 of them seriously.
Intelligence sources close to the Regional Security Council believed that the
rioting was part of the attempts by the dissidents to cause fear and general
panic among residents of the twin city. At its meeting in Sekondi today, the
Regional Security Council was briefed on (?some of) the acts of sabotage car-
ried out by the dissidents including kidnapping and arson. But the regional
secretary, Colonel William Thompson, gave the assurance that the civil agencies
are well disposed to deal with the situation and that there is no cause for
alarm.

Troop Movements, Deployment
AB271230 Accra Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 27 Oct 86

{Text] A detachment of the military left Tema by sea and road for the Western
Region yesterday to help the Civilian Organization restore peace and order

in the region. A military spokesman, who briefed newsmen on the second phase
of the Exercise Team Work, codenamed War Lord, said the 2d Infantry Brigade
group, based at Michel Camp at Tema, have ‘been notified that the situation

in the Western Region is worsening. He explained that soldiers from the 3d
Battalion of Infantry, 4th Battalion, and Air. Borne Force, have been asked to
move by sea and secure a beachhead at Punpuni, (Amago), and Adwoa, all towns
in the Western Region from where the dissidents are operating. -The spokesman
said another group would parachute to secure a beachhead at Komenda and sur-
rounding areas and explained that a bridge linking the Western Region to the
rest of the country is now in the hands of the dissidents. He disclosed

that the paratroopers would jump on those dissidents and clear them from the
bridge to enable the rest of the 2d Infantry Brigade group to come by road to
join their colleagues at the beachhead.

Just before the soldiers boarded the three ships conveying them to Elimina,
special prayers were said for them by Lieutenant Colonel William Djonfia, chapel
of the Ghana Armed Forces, at the Tema port.

Present to see the troops off were the force commander, Major General Quainoo;
and the chief of Naval Staff, Commodore Ohene Kwapong.

Meanwhile, the commander of the 2d Infantry Brigade, Colonel Goumil, has briefed
the Western Regional secretary, Colonel (Retired) W.A. Thompson, on the escalat-
ing activities of dissidents who infiltrated the country from neighboring
Kokoabea.

Rescue Operation Preparedness

AB300957 Accra Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 30 Oct 86

[Text] As part of "Operation Warlord" a sea search and rescue operation has
been organized to test the operational effectiveness of the Ghana Navy and the



Black Clergymen, Community Council Members Start New Party
(DIE BURGER, 7 Oct 86) .ecccvscccvcccccccecceccercesessers

Mines To Employ Fewer Migrant Workers
(DIE BURGER, 2 Sep 86) .sccccccccececcecceccecceseeceucess

Figures Vary on Black Migration to Western Cape
(DIE BURGER, 2 Sep 86) ..

Racial Quota System for Private Schools Discontinued
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Sep 86) .sscccesccccccescceeccescsecvees

HNP Representative Wants To Retain Separate White Education
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Sep 86) ..

Unenforced Status of Group Areas Act Rouses White Anger
(DIE AFRIKANER, 10 Sep 86) ...

Broederbond Reportedly Accepts Idea of Future Black President
(DIE AFRIKANER, 10 Sep 86) ...cecees

SAISAIU President Speaks Out Against Integration
(DIE AFRIKANER, 17 Sep 86) .

Black Norweto Seen as Menacing Pretoria Surroundings
(DIE AFRIKANER, 17 Sep 86) .

Iron, Steel Corporation Site Protected by Commando
(J. Botes; PARATUS, Sep 86) ..sceceeeee

Klip River By-Election Analyzed
(Dawie; DIE BURGER, 20 Sep 86) ..cscccecccccccccccevece

High-Tech Industrial Park Planned Near Stellenbosch
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 20 Sep 86) ...sccecevccccecccceccs

Academics Create Religiously Oriented White Afrikaner Association
(DIE AFRIKANER, 24 Sep 86) .cececccccccccccccccceccceeeees

Far Right's Plans for White Ethnic State Ridiculed
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 16 Sep 86) ..ccccsccesceceececcecs

Conservative Party Platform Criticized
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 30 Sep 86) ..csccccccccececceccece

Colored Minister Told To Move Out of White Neighborhood
(DIE BURGER, 30 Oct 86) Bence cere rere re rece ceeeeseveeseces

Whites Pressure Government To Oust Illegal Non-White Residents
(DIE AFRIKANER, 1 Oct 86) vecccsccccceccccccesceecssceeees

28

30

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Al

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chairman of the adjacent Homestead Park's taxpayers' association, says that he
will fight non-white encroachment. "I refuse to move, even if I am later the
last white here." Mr McCabe says that he always hoped that the government
would listen to representations from the area's whites. "I prayed for that."
However, nothing happened. Now he is bitterly disillusioned. "The government
does really very much want to officially and formally revoke the Group Areas
Act. But it realizes that if it does that, it will mean the end of white
schools and white support for NP policy -- whatever that may be," Mr McCabe
says.

A town council member from Zeerust, Mr F.S. Breytenbach, characterized events
at that town as "extremely alarming." The inhabitation by the Indians is
casuing great unrest among whites. We had hoped that the situation would come
to be corrected by making use of some of the right channels. Now it appears
that these channels are entirely too inadequate and ineffective. "There has
already been an attempt by residents to expel the Indians. However, they were
urged to calm down because the matter was referred to the attorney general.
If the public now takes the law into their own hands, I have full sympathy
with them," Mr Breytenbach says. JZeerust's town council recently adopted a
new ordinance which enables it to stop the water and light supply of a non-
white inhabitant of white property.

A resident at Sedgefield in the Southern Cape has for several years been
trying with apparent fruitlessness to bring an end to non-white encroachment.
Mr W.J. de Bruyn says that a letter which he wrote to President P.W. Botha
about the matter was not even answered by Mr Botha. (Sedgefield is located
within Mr ‘Botha's old constituency, George). After that he made
representations to the minister of law and order, Mr Louis le Grange. Mr Le
Grange replied that the matter was referred to the attorney general. "I
cannot understand why the attorney general should make decisions on important
national laws. After all, the Group Areas Act is still on the law books,

isn't it?," Mr De Bruyn says.

13084
CSO: 3401/10

38


/13104
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@ Excluding blacks from deci-
sion making. : :
@ Demands that blacks adapt’
to “white expectation”.
@ Hoarding of information.
@ Consistent appointment from:
outside the organisation. :
“Black managers and super-'
visors are torn between their
responsibility towards manage-
ment and their responsibility
towards their own people.
“Management strategy has
been to attempt to raise blacks
to the level of managers and
supervisors and make them
mediators between white man-,
agers and black personnel. J
“White management has:
pulled back into the larger:
leaving black managers and
supervisors to face. the music.”

69



this ample period of time. For example, it recently refused to change the
agenda and permit a discussion of the latest events in Soweto, in which more
than 20 people died. Instead, the delegates dealt with the new version of a
law on owner-occupied apartments. ‘The parliament seems to be spinning itself
into a cocoon more and more and taking note of the events outside in the
country less and less. Frederik van Zyl Slabbert sees the parliament
increasingly turning into a mere organ of approval and South Africa heading in
the direction of a multiracial autocracy. Because President Pieter Willem
Botha has recognized that the old form of white hegemony can no longer be
maintained, he is increasingly trying to drag leaders of the "non-white"
population groups into the "system" in order to broaden the government's base
in this way. "They formerly strived for racial separation and white hegemony;
today (political) integration and white hegemony." That is why the extreme
right is angry -- it does not want to the hegemony mixed, but pure and
unadulterated. "But they need not worry, Slabbert reassures the extremists,
"for if the government is determined not to do one thing, that is to let
itself lose power."

A Game of Words

Although the Afrikaner (Boer) parties which are even left of Pieter Willem
Botha's NP have acquired a lot of popularity in recent months, Slabbert -- one
of the few prodigal sons of his tribe -~ does not believe that the president
has to be greatly concerned about that. He points out that the arch-
conservative parties have won only three of their current 19 (out of a total
of 178) seats themselves. The rest of the delegates got their seats when they
were still NP representatives before they turned their backs on Botha in 1982.
The sanction campaign against South Africa suits Pretoria just fine in a
certain way -~ it makes it possible for the government to play off the
opposition on the left and right against each other. "In the (liberally
oriented) northern suburbs of Johannesburg it can conjure up danger coming
from the neo-fascist leader Eugene Terre'Blanche and his storm troops and thus
win votes from the left. And in the (conservative) "platteland" [rural areas]
it can rage about the perfidious attack on South Africa's national sovereignty
in the form of international sanctions and thus win over voters from the right

by appealing to patriotism."

Frederik van Zyl Slabbert does not think it is the extremists that are giving
Pretoria a headache, but problems with its own concept of letting "non-white"
South Africans share power and at the same time maintaining the dominant
position of the whites. "The key question for the government goes like this:
How can I politically integrate the others without giving up our own control
by doing so?" It is in the nature of things that it is much more difficult to
cater to integration and hegemony than to separation and hegemony. "Finding
new shops for old customers can make the customers unruly -~- especially if the
supply does not meet their fancy. It is bad if the customers notice that the
old wares from the old shops are simply brought to new shops." One of the
fundamentals not under negotiation for Pretoria, Slabbert says, is the concept
that any South African can exercise his political rights not as an individual,
but only as a member of [one of] the four racial groups. There is indeed a
willingness to grant blacks, South Africans of Indian origin and so-called
half-castes a certain say in things, but never as representatives of parties

78


020091

_JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 NOVEMBER 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

ggg 140

DITC QUALMY MISHHETED 2

_[EBIS FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

| REPRODUCED BY |
| U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE |
NATIONAL TECHNICAL sS-
INFORMATION SERVICE oot

SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 |
PC hob



Briefs
University Mosque Occupation Condemned
New Equatorial Guinea Air Route
Minister Criticizes Airlines
UK-Syria Row Seen as Disinformation
Cooperation Agreement With Turkey

ZAMBIA

Briefs
Zimbabwe Dissident Jailed

ZIMBABWE

Renamo, Sithole Reportedly Sign Agreement
(DIE AFRIKANER, 3 Sep 86) .ccccscceccccvccccecccceecccvere

Harare Tobacco Firm Works on Cuban Deal
(BUSINESS DAY, 9 Oct 86) sescecsescvecrececccccvcvsvsveres

Jewish Publication Said Offensive to Palestinians
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Oct 86) seceeecceccccccecccceccevcerecces
SOUTH AFRICA
AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT

Israeli Position, Possible Dealings With South Africa Viewed
(DIE AFRIKANER, 10 Sep 86) ..

Israel Opposes Sanctions
Negotiations With Israel Questioned

FRG's Negative Stand on Sanctions Viewed
(Mark Wood; DIE BURGER, 19 Sep 86) ..ccccereeceeeeee

Purchase of Water Supply From Lesotho Applauded
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 1 Oct 86) ....

Archbishop Tutu Talks About Afrikaners, Winnie Mandela
(Ingo Capraro; DIE BURGER, 3 Oct 86) ..cesecvesececccvees

PFP's Victory in Local By-Elections Termed Insignificant
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 5 Sep 86) .sccccseccvcecececceeces

Treurnicht Foresees Leftist-Inspired Disintegration of Broederbond
(DIE AFRIKANER, 24 Sep 86) ...cescccscceccccvevccscesenece

KP Preparing for Election, Hartzenberg Program Revealed
(DIE BURGER, 29 Sep 86) ..cccccccccsccccccccccccsesccceees

-b-

ad
couwww

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JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

KP PREPARING FOR ELECTION, HARTZENBERG PROGRAM REVEALED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 29 Sep 86 p 5

{Article by DIE BURGER correspondent: "Must Be Prepared-- Treurnicht--
Election Dominates CP Congress"]

{Text] Port Elizabeth--The discussion of a general election in the near
future dominated the Conservative Party's Cape Congress here over the weekend.
The possibility of an election was mentioned in almost every discussion. Even
the KP leader, Dr A.P. Treurnicht, made an appeal to congress attendants and
members of the KP at the opening of the congress Friday evening to be prepared
for a general election. KP members must see to it that they are prepared to
exert all their powers to combat the "disastrous" course of the NP government.
The government will have to answer many questions. It will even have to
express itself concerning the farmers who have been ruined by the prolonged
drought. Dr Treurnicht said before about 500 people, including about 300
delegates, that there is concern in NP ranks because the NP's rightist
opponents are getting more and more consensus of opinion on policy matters.
Other pronouncements made at the congress are:

~The government is not acting stringently enough against terrorists and it
(the government) should allow the Defense Force to carry out more preemptive
operations so that terrorists cannot continue their attacks in South Africa,
Mr Koos van der Merwe, KP spokesman on defense, said; and

- the term "necklace killing" should be replaced by "tire killing", delegates
decided, because "necklace killing" was invented by the press to make it
appear respectable.

Sapa reports that the possibility of an election also came up in the
discussion of motions that:

- the government resign and hold an urgent election among whites because it
(the government) does not have a mandate to let blacks participate in
government processes;

- the relations between the KP and AWB be discussed because, “according to
rumors," the AWB "is a registered political party;" and

26


and Johannesburg and found the
open coaches, which were pre-
viously the first-class coaches
for blacks, were occupied most-
ly by blacks.

The only white passenger
travelling in the open coach on
an early morning train was Miss
Britta Chaplin (17), a Pretoria
matric student, who travels by
train infrequently. - t

“This coach is usually very
empty and I have only seen oneTM
or two white people travelling
in it,” she said. “I would not get
on a coach that was marked for
whites only. I don’t believe peo-
ple should be segregated.

“It’s stupid to have a whites-
only section. They should. open
up trains to all races.”

Some white passengers trav-
elling in the whites-only section
said they did not want to travel

/13104

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85

with blacks while others said
they chose to sit there out of
force of habit. of

“You see the same faces
around you every morning,”:
said one. “So I think we subcon-
sciously mark out a seat where
we always sit.”

. A SATS spokesman said it
was Government policy to re-
tain segregated coaches for spe-
cific races, :

The spokesman said ther
was some confusion among
black passengers when the sys-
tem was introduccd — they
thought they could sit where

“We kept them informed
igh announcements on sta-
tions and they now understand
how the system works. We don’t
have any more problems.”



JPRS-SSA- 86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SECURITY COMPANY COMBATS CRIME IN PLACK, WRITE NEIGHPORHOODS
Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 5 Oct 86 p 3

¢ .

{Lavid Capel]

[Text] FORMER soldiers and policemen are
“riding shotgun” on trucks taking sup-
plies into Soweto and other Reef town-
ships in a move to counter attacks on
the vehicles.

And a spokesman for the Johannes-
burg security company (which says it is
now poised to move into residential
areas) said this week it had killed three
“gangsters” in the past six months dur-
ing attempted arson incidents.

The company, called Nightriders, -
plans a major move into white resident-
ital areas “to combat burglaries, as-
saults and other crime”.

The company’s managing director,
Mr John Webster, said in an interview
that one of his guards was killed in an
incident in a black township two weeks
ago. The killers had been tracked down
and arrested, he said.

Mr Webster, who emphasised that his
company was “fully multi-racial”, said
that the guards had the support of “a
large, moderate section in Soweto” and
had “good relations with students” and
other organisations in the townships.

Several big companies, which he
would not name, were making use of the
Nightrider service. Mr Webster de-
scribed his organisation as “an up-mar-
ket, para-military force” which recruit-
ed former SA Defence Force and South
African Police men. .

/13104
cso: 3400/258

80


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

NIGERIA

NAIRA DEPRECIATED AT FIFTH EXCHANGE AUCTION
AB231600 Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 23 Oct 86

[Text] At the fifth bidding of the Second-tier Foreign Exchange Market, SFEM,
in Lagos today, the naira again depreciated in relation to some international
currencies. The U.S. dollar is to exchange for about 4 naira 18 kobo as against
3 naira 91 kobo last week; the pound sterling is now to exchange for 5 naira

98 kobo compared with about 5 naira 63 kobo last week, while the Deutschmark will
be equal to 2 naira 11 kobo as against 1 naira 98 kobo last week; about 2 naira
55 kobo will exchange for 1 Swiss franc compared with about 2 naira 42 kobo last
week, and a French franc will be equal to about 64 kobo as against 60 kobo last
week, The Dutch guilder will be sold for 1 naira 86 kobo compared with 1 naira
75 kobo last week while the Japanese yen will exchange for about 3 kobo, the
same as last week,

Seventy-five million dollars was offered for sale today as against 80 million
dollars last week. Out of the 40 bidders who had registered for today's
bidding, 34 were successful. The exchange rates take effect from this after-
noon which marks the beginning of the new SFEM week.

/12232
CSO: 3400/278


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ACADEMICS CREATE RELIGIOUSLY ORIENTED WHITE AFRIKANER ASSOCIATION
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 24 Sep 86 pp 1, 16

[Text] A new academic association, Akademies Aktueel (Academics of Today),
was recently founded by a group of professors and members of the administra-
tive personnel of the University of Orange Free State (UOFS), evidently in a
spirit of great and lively interest. Fifty members have already joined.

The underlying principle of the association is "the Bible as the authentic and
veritable Word of God." Its goals are as follows:

"To pursue the practice of Christian doctrine, in obedience to the divine com-
mand, for the honor of God and the salvation of mankind,

"To make available the results of our doctrinal study to the neighboring peo~
ples, with an eye to their Christian cultural development,

"To strive as single-minded educators to promote religious preparedness, par-
ticularly among white youth,

"To make every effort to extend to all walks of life the cultural distinctive-
ness of the white race in general and the Afrikaners in particular,

"To strive toward a recognition of the principle that separate opportunities
for all-peoples must serve as the foundation for their separate and distinct
development,

"To strive toward the peaceful coexistence of all peoples in South Africa, as
a scripturally defensible basis for the extension and permanence of good human
and racial relations,

"To try to establish our own sovereign homeland, with its own territorial bor-
ders, for Whites."

All white personnel of the UOFS (both teaching and administrative) who endorse
the above-mentioned foundation and goals may apply for membership. The design
of the association is strongly academic in nature and is in a certain sense
the continuation of the Academic Action group of the seventies, composed of

1 400 professors, in particular those teaching at Afrikaner universities.

Information may be obtained and inquiries concerning membership may be made by
contacting Prof J.C. Lombard (chairman), Tel: 225619 and/or Mr Fritz Malan,
Tel: 511162.

8117
CSO: 3401/14

50


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ECONOMIST:

SANCTIONS COULD HIT 2 MILLION JORS

Johannesburg BUSINESS TAY in Fnglish 13 Oct &6 p 3

{Text ] GRADUALLY increasing foreign: As a result, unskilled employ-
trade sanctions could bring a loss: ment would fall to about 2-million
of 2-nillion jobs by. the year 2.000, jobs by the year 2000 from 4,8-
reversing the effects of income re- million in 1985. If sanctions were
distribution that has given blacks a: not initiated, unskilled employ-
larger share of country’s ment would rise slightly to about 5-
wealth. rted yesterday by million. :

was reported yesterday Bethlehem said the loss of em-
ia ceonomist Ronnie Bethlehem, ployment, plus higher consumer
ued'to grow at population rate of price inflation, would contribute to !
uld a widening of the income gap be- |
2,5%, unemployment could reach tween whites and blacks,
Tat paar’ Tear 2000 from 37% He predicted that by 2.000 blacks
5 0 i. would account for 76% of SA’s total |
putting in Durban's Sunday Tri- ulation, but just 20% of total |
stitution opportunities and new in- come. Last year blacks made up :
72,6% of the: population and re-;
dustrialisation would probably ceived 287% of income. With out !
offset sanctions and spark a “short- sanctions blacks’ share of income
run boom” for employment, lasting would rise to about 38%,
“"By then, industry would have He said: “For the black section of
filled of th saci t. the population, it would be a mas-
i tert ae ty founver ‘ sive sacrifice in foregone opportun-
y ld 8 on iy saphalaten ity, not only in economic terms but
sive areas involving aera enten. in political terms — for the politi-
i + behead ving mostly . cal leverage of a black community
sour. : whose income comprised nearly
He said: “‘The business sector, in: 36% of all income earned in
its efforts to sustain Profitability would be much greater than the
and competitiveness, would have to leverage of a community whose in-
become ruthless in the retrench- come share was less than 20%.”
ment of surplus labour.” i
/13104
cso: 2400/2865

92


SURVEY: SANCTIONS WILL HIT BLACKS POLITICALLY

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 12 Oct 86 p

{Article by Jeremy Maggs]

{Text ]

THE political muscle of black
people will be weakened as ‘the
full effects of sanctions rip.
through the economy, throwing
more than 2million unskilled
black workers into unemploy-
ment queues, according to a top
economist. .

And instead of precipitating
the overthrow of the Govern:
ment, the opposite wi ppen.
as the morale of the black peo-
ple will be weakened.

As blacks’ share of income
drops to below 20 percent, most

blacks will remain trapped in.

poverty and will suffer extreme
hardship.

These gloomy fiadings — the
result of research by Dr Ronnie.
Bethlehem, group economics
consultant at Johannesburg Con-
solidated Investments — chal-
lenge claims by unions and po-
litical organisations that sanc-
tions will have a minimal effect
on black people. .

Referring to arguments that
black poverty will precipitate
“the overthrow of the Govern-

/13104
CSO: 2400/262

ment, Dr Bethlehem finds that
the opposite will occur because

“deprivation might also weaken,

morale”,

~ Analysing the emerging trend
within the next 14 years, Dr
Bethlehem says that the drop in
black income “would be a mas-
sive sacrifice in opportunity, not

only in economic terms but als:

in political terms”.

The black share of total in-:

come presently comprises about

28,7 percent against the blalck:
Proportion of total population ‘of!
. about 72,6 percent.

By the year 2000 the black
Proportion of total population
will have increased to more
than 76 percent but the black
share of income could fall to
under 20 percent because of the
effects of sanctions. .

Without sanctions and on cur-.

rent trends the prospect would
have been for the black share of
total income to have increased
to about 36 percent.

“The political leverage. of a
black community whose income

71

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

comprises nearly’ 36 percent of
all income earned in South Afri :
ca would be very much greater '
than the leverage of a communi-
ty whose income share was less
than 20 percent. '
“The . difference between.
36 percent and 20 percent, how-
ever, is far greater than the fig-
ures alone suggest because the:
36 percent would be a share oi!
a larger cake.” !
He says the slogan “No educa-.
tion without liberation” would, ,
for the great mass of black peo-
ple have become a tragic irony.
“Without education and also,
without liberation, for that is the
assumption of this exercise,
most blacks . would remain
trapped in poverty,” he argues.
Among his findings are: infla-
tion will rocket; the brain drain
will continue, migrant workers
will be repatriated; strict ration-
ing and severe price regulation
will be introduced; the greatest
Proportion of jobs lost under
sanctions will be in the unskilled
category.



asked whether it agreed with these figures. The official talking on the other
end said they agreed with those figures." He also said it was very clear in
1980's census-taking in the Western Cape that counts were not made of all the
blacks in the area.

13084
CSO: 3401/4

32


 _____...._eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

IRON, STEEL CORPORATION SITE PROTECTED BY COMMANDO
Pretoria PARATUS in Afrikaans Sep 86 pp 16-17
[Article by Cpl J. Botes: "Fomentors of Unrest Are not Tolerated Here'']

[Excerpt] Iscor's most important iron ore mine, Sishen, is located in a dry
region in the Northern Cape, about 280 km northwest of Kimberley by road. The
iron ore deposit here is one of the richest in the world. The mine's
employees live in Kathu, a modern young town scarcely 10 years old. Sishen
Commando in Kathu also owes its origin and existence to Iscor, and 95 percent
of the commando's members are employees of the mine. Yet the commando is not
an industrial commando, but a regular urban commando.

The history here is still very young, and can be traced back to 1945. Iscor
obtained options on iron-bearing properties in the area in 1945. The original
farm, Sishen, was included in this. Eight years later, in 1953, mining
activities started to furnish hematite iron ore to the new Iscor works at
vanderbijl Park. Millions of tons of iron ore have been exported from the
mine since 1976, and Iscor built a special railway line from Sishen to
Saldanha Bay for this purpose. The rail line was later taken over by the
South African Transport Services. The town of Sishen, however, was very
poorly situated geographically, and material from the mine covers the area
with a red dust. A new town, Kathu, arose about 10 years ago, and today some
of the employees live here. The commando was originally classed as E Company
of Kuruman Commando. It was newly formed as Sishen Commando in July of 1979.
There are only six farms in the region, and consequently the commando does not
have many farmers in its ranks. ‘The rest of the ground in the area is mining
ground. The region does not have many problems with unrest. The mine's
security is very strict and fomentors of unrest are not tolerated. The region
is very safe and has already been downgraded from a national keypoint to a
very important point.

Mr J.vd.M. Grimes, general manager of the Sishen Iscor mine, has much praise
for his employees. He says that the discipline maintained in the commando
spills over into the work. He also refers to the good cooperation prevailing
between the commando and Iscor. Many operators work with sophisticated
equipment and are key personnel. They are people who cannot be spared.
However, the commando makes many concessions with call-up instructions. To
give up 40 to 50 employees to national defense out of a total staff of 1,500

44



he complains if his government forces him to sell some of his products in
Israel too!

In technoparks a small number of engineers and technicians are used to
manufacture specialized products. In the case of overseas technoparks it has
been found that the specialized industries have stimulated large businesses at
other places. There have been 5,000 new positions created at the Sofia-
Antipolis Park at Valbonne in France. Another 15,000 positions have arisen in
support industries elsewhere, away from the technopark.

"I£ South Africa can develop and produce unique products which are better and
competitive pricewise with similar overseas products, the world will be our
market. Overseas countries will buy from us in spite of boycotts," Prof.
Viljoen thinks. "The armament industry has proven that. Thank you for the
boycotts, for they have forced South Africa to design and manufacture itself.
Now the boycotters aré the biggest buyers of South Afican arms."

If the first buildings of the Stellenbosch Technopark rise next year, it will
be the beginning of a specialized technological industry whose effect will
extend far over the Western Cape, South Africa and even southern Africa. Then
South Africa will be able to maintain its place as industrial leader in
Africa. This opens up vistas in which it will also be able to stand in the
ranks of the world's foremost technologically developed countries.

13084
3401/2

49



does not cause any problems with production. Mr Grimes also got the commando
involved in the Buttermilk Project. Although 95 percent of the members are
employees of Iscor, the private sector is involved more with Buttermilk.
Iscor is said to also be involved in testing and selecting personnel members
for Buttermilk.

The commando has a young officers corps. The commander, Cmdt [= Lt Col] H.P.
Louw, is the first permanent commander of the commando and also an employee of
Iscor. Although many members of the commando have already performed border
service individually, the commando as a unit has not yet performed border
service itself. The unit's headquarters is Iscor's property. It was
originally installed by the mine as living quarters for subcontractors. The
Army Combat School is near Kathu and the grounds are used for field training.
Sishen Commando forms a part of Group 23. Group 23's headquarters is in
Upington and the commandos in the group include Kuruman, Sishen, Kakamas,
Oranje, Gordonia, Boegoeberg, Prieska and Hay (Griquatown). The maximum
number of women are employed in the infrastructure and help with the
administration. They receive basic training, but are not employed for
frontline defense tasks. The commando also wants to set up a Colored platoon.
Blacks, however, are not included in the plans, because Kathu has very few
permanent black citizens. Most of the blacks who work here are citizens of
Bophuthatswana.

Sergeant A.H. van Breda is very versatile. In addition to his commando
obligations, he is also a training official of Iscor's Educational and
Training Department. He is already making provision for his day of retirement
and has a farm just outside Kathu. The farm, Legoko, is mainly a livestock
farm with cattle and sheep. He also practices rotational cultivation. Wheat,
corn, sunflowers and peanuts are grown. The farm also boasts pivotal point
irrigation. He has already been connected with Iscor for 30 years and has
been working at Sishen since 1957. Sgt Van Breda is an avid rugby player who
formerly played for Griekwas. He currently coaches rugby players in Kathu.

13084
3401/1

45



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRAKLAAGTE INCORPORATION RAISES QUESTIONS ABOUT GOVERNMENT POLICY

Johannesburg BUSINSESS DAY in English 17 Oct 86 p 7

[Text ]

NAME this place: ‘

CBlacks have formed an alliance
with the Conservative Party (CP);

Oi Government is upset that citizens
are reading the daily papers; ,
OThe fate of 8000 people may de-
pend on the weather.

Give up? The answer is Brak-
laagte, a quiet black village in the
Western Transvaal.

The reason for all this? A dictate
from Pretoria that Braklaagte be
incorporated into Bophuthatswana.

If Braklaagte is incorporated, Bo-
phuthatswana President Lucas Man-
gope has said its citizens cannot keep
their SA citizenship. :

Translated, that means they must '
first wade through a bureaucratic
nightmare before being allowed to
work in SA — where 90% of them
work today. The move is a thinly-
veiled, but largely-ignored, form of
influx control.

The forced incorporation fits the
needs of both Bophuthatswana,
which wants more land, and of gov-
ernment, which is determined to get
blacks into homelands.

This is the same policy as forced
removals, but using a new strategy.
No more will TV cameras bring
heart-rending accounts of forced re-
movals into the living rooms of a
shocked Western world.

With the movement of an Arctic
iceberg, government plods ahead,
having Cleverly changed the rules of
the game so that a prying Western
Press has all but lost interest.

Government claims to have con-
sulted the people before announcing

74

the incorporation, but a Department
of Constitutional Development and
Planning spokesman admits that
only Mangope was consulted.

Meanwhile, Mangope’s standing in
this community has fallen. He at-
tempted to instal his own chief in
Braklaagte — a chief so despised by
the locals he does not show his face
at village meetings.

It is little wonder virtually the
entire village turned out last Satur-
day for a meeting to fight the incor-
poration.

Their chief, John Sebogodi, has not
lost the bounce in his walk after 86

ears, He says: “All people here have
Just one idea — we don’t want to:
incorporate.” There is no dissent.

When village leaders met earlier
with government officials, the vil-
lagers explained they did not want to
give up their rights as‘SA citizens nor
be left to find work in. Bophutha-
tswana’s struggling economy. _

“How do you know this will hap-:
Pen?’ the government spokesman:

“We read it in the morning paper,” °
villagers replied.

At this point the villagers were
told they must not read the newspa-
pers any more.

Government has got rid of the in-
ternational Press but cannot count
on Phase 2 of its policy — blacks’
supposed ignorance.

In fact, CP officials in the Western
Transvaal have been advising Brak-
laagte how to fight government. It
seems the CP is looking after the
interests of white farmers who will
be forced to sell their land to govern-


MIXED RACE RAIL COACHES MARK FIRST YEAR

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 16 Oct 96 p 16

{Text}

A year has passed since
South African Transport Ser-
vices introduced mixed race
or “open” coaches on its
commuter trains.

The experiment has been very
successful in Cape Town, where
460 more coaches were opened
recently to all races to meet the
demand. An extra mixed coach
has been added to every train to
the city’s northern and southern
suburbs.

In the Pretoria-Witwaters-
rand-Vereeniging: area, how-
ever, only one or two more open
coaches have been introduced

since the change in September:

last year.

Presently, first-class coaches
for whites on commuter trains
are marked as such and only
whites may travel in them. The
first-class coaches for blacks
have had the “Non-Whites” signs
removed and they have become
open coaches.

Station facilities for whites
are still marked as such, but the
wording “Non-Whites” no longer
appears on facilities for blacks.

In effect, this means that
whites may travel in the coach
of their choice, but blacks are
limited to facilities they pre-
viously enjoyed.

Commuter services in Cape
Town have become more multi-
racial, with fewer coaches re-
maining for whites only.

In the PWV area, the compo-
sition of trains varies according
to route.

84

On the Johannesburg-Vereen-*

iging and the Johannesburg-
Springs-Nigel services, there is
only one open coach.

A typical trainset on the Pre-
toria-Johannesburg run consists
of five first class coaches in
which only whites may travel,
two open coaches and six third
class coaches in which only
“non-whites” may travel.

An extra open coach has been
added to trains on the Vereenig-
ing-Lawley route, which now
consist of two first class
coaches, three open coaches and
seven third class coaches.

On the Naledi-Lenz line, there
are four cxaches for whites only,
four mixed coaches and seven
coaches for blacks only.

On services to some town-
ships, such as those between Da-
veyton and Leralla, Soweto,
Kuesene, Residentia and Redan,
there are only mixed and
blacks-only coaches.

There has been no significant
mixing of races in the PWV
area, except on some peak-hour
services. A commuter from Pre-
toria to Johannesburg said the
6.50 am and the 6.30 pm trains
between the two cities were
“completely mixed”.

Train conductors at.Johannes
burg Station said there was inte-
gration on peak-hour services
when seats were at a premium.

‘WHITES-ONLY STUPID’

The Star monitored a few
off-peak trains from Pretoria

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BROEDERBOND REPORTEDLY ACCEPTS IDEA OF FUTURE BLACK PRESIDENT
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Sep 86 p 16
(Unattributed article: "Broederbond Says Yes to Black President of State")

[Text] The Afrikaner Broederbond also foresees now the possibility of a black
state president. This is apparent from a confidential Broederbond document
with the title "Basic Political Conditions for the Survival of the Afrikaner."
This confidential document has just come into the possession of DIE AFRIKANER.
The document is clearly an important position on fundamental policy matters.
In it are put forth views which are usually associated with the left wing of
the NP. The Broederbond makes no secret of its support for powersharing with
blacks and the possibility of a black chief of state or head of government
which may result from that. On powersharing it says: “Furthermore, shutting
off effective black participation in political processes up to the highest
level is a threat to white survival and cannot be averted by retaining the
status quo or further consolidating power in white hands. It is thus
necessary that all citizens of the state should be able to participate
effectively in the legislative process as well as the process by which the
government is put in power... a Government which is assured of its continued
ruling task by only one portion of a society will favor that portion. That is
unacceptable to the white person and Afrikaner, and all other population
groups."

All should be able to participate at all levels of decisionmaking in all
processes which may affect their interests, the Broederbond states. "This
means that all should be able to serve at the highest legislative and
executive levels, whatever the political system. This can indeed also mean
that in some models the chief of state and/or head of government is not
necessarily a white person (a possibility which, as a matter of fact, is not
now excluded), but the office must be represented and bound by the executive
authority in such a way that the power connected with it cannot be used for
group dominance."

The Broederbond is clearly in favor of a national convention, as advocated by
the PFP, and with the participation of terrorist organizations. The very last
article in the document reads: "It is necessary for representatives of
various power groups to take part in drafting a new constitution. There must
be an endeavor to urge the widest possible diversity to participate. This

39



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 NOVEMBER 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
ANGOLA

Briefs
Prisoner Reveals FAPLA's Indoctrination
UNITA Communique on Oct Truce

BOTSWANA

Masire Praises Machel at Memorial Service
(Gaborone Domestic Service, 24 Oct 86) ..ccccceccccccccces

GHANA

Armed Forces Exercise ‘Operation War Lord'
(Acraa Domestic Service, various dates) ....ececcccceccece

Regional Secretary Opens Exercise
Civil Security Agencies’ Deployment
Troop Movements, Deployment

Rescue Operation Preparedness

Briefs
Pakistani 'Special Envoy' Received
Paper Condemns UN Kampuchea Decision

KENYA
Briefs
Unemployment Crisis Looms
Nationalization of Tourism

NIGERIA

Naira Depreciated at Fifth Exchange Auction
(Lagos Domestic Service, 23 Oct 86) .eccececececececvceees

e

PRwWwW w

aa



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SATS Falls Into Reficit
Johannesburg RUSINESS DAY in Fnglish 17 Oct 86 pl

[Article by Mike Collins]

[Text]

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 15 Oct

DEPRESSED ‘trading’ conditions and-a

fall in revenue estimates saw

South African Transport Services (Sats)

plunge into the red to the tune of R367m
for its 1985/86 financial year. a

The year also saw SA Airways severe-

affected by the unfavourable rand-

during the previous financial year.”

Revenue derived from all operations
amounted to R8 020m, an increase of
5,3% compared with the R7616,8m for
1984/85.

Revenue in res} of goods and coal
conveyed by rail increased by 0,9% and

dollar exchange rate and the carrier 18,2% respectively.
dropped 17% in international passenger , The increase in revenue in respect of
kilometers. © ar right was, a 18% whilst that of
airfreight was 12,6%. Revenue for pi
The Sats annual report shows that the fines i tor pipe-,

ad estimates. of R3750m.-from
foods ffic fell short by R200m and.
coupled with sharp cost increases,

8%.

Expenditure increased by 10,5% frori
R7591m in 1984/85 to R8 387m in the
year under review.

led ‘to the deficit, r : :
General Manager Bart Grove says al- On future import and export prospects’
though a decline in certain of traf. Grove says much will depend on the

fic was recorded as cpposel to the pre-
vious year, the total volume was at th
same levels as in 1984/85. a
The net deficit of R367,2m represents a.
deterioration of R393,lm when com-
pared with the net surplus of R25.9m

degree to which SA can succeed in trad-
ing internationally. oa

future of SAA’s passenger traffic
depends to a large extent on possible
boycott actions such as the suspension of
landing rights, he says.

SATS To Phase Out Subsidy Program

[Article by David Furlonger]

86 p 3

{Text ] SA Transport Services (Sats) has set a 332m came from cross-subsidisa-
four-year target to phase out. cross- tion and R287m from government i
subsidisation of its services. Of the R972m Sats has budgeted to

The Trans] White Paper now lose on passenger services in the 1986- ;
before the Cabinet accepts recom- 87 financial year, R220m will come |
mendations of the National Transport from cross-subsidisation, and the re-
Policy Study ) for wholesale maining R752m direct from govern-
deregulation of the transport sector. ment.

Sats deputy GM. Giel Holz says: “As this cross-subsidisation.has re-
“The White Paper says it is intended duced, so we have been able to reduce
to phase out cross-subsidisation from our mark-up on other services,” Holz
the system. This should be complete es
by 1990. We hope to have very limited le welcomes moves to deregulate
cross-subsidisation then.” Sats but says it is a two-way process,

‘says the process is already well If Sats enters the free market, private
under way. Levels of cross-subsidisa- trans; operators. must be pre-
tion — whereby Sats marks up pared to shoulder their full share of
charges on its profit-making oper- the transport infrastructure,
ations in order to subsidise loss-mak- The R253m private hauliers will
ing passenger services — are well have to pay in higher licence fees and
down on previous years. diesel costs represents the shortfall in

Compared to five years ago, when what they should have been paying in
over half of Sats’ passenger service the past, he says. —
losses were paid for by cross-subsi- ‘A basic prerequisite in a free mar-
disation, this year it will be less than ket is for everyone to be equal. We are
a quarter. saying hauliers must pay their share

f the 619m loss in 1981-82. of the cost. We were paying infra-
structure costs, now they must pay.”
/13104
CSO: 3400/2587

102


OUTLINE OF TOWNSHIPS PARTICIPATING IN BOYCOTT

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 5 Oct 86 p &

{Article by Jon Qwelane]

[Text]

/13104
CSO:

RESIDENTS in 54 black
townships are not paying

rent.
“Local authorities say:

people are flocking to
pay their rent but they
can’t give figures to back
this up,” says the CRG.

If the boycott runs an-
other year without more
townships joining in, the
State will lose an addi-
tional R480 million,
claims the organisation. ©

Boycott bulletin:

@ TRANSVAAL: All town-
ships in the PWV and
Vaal complexes. In the
rest of the province the
affected areas include
Jouberton and Wol-
maransstad in the west,
Amsterdam and Piet Re-
tief in the east and Bela-
Bela and Ezenzeleni in
the north. Total: 25
townships.(taking Diep-
meadow and Dobsonville
jointly with Soweto).

@ FREE STATE: It is the
trouble-torn townships in

3400/263

62

this province which have
Jed the rent boycott. They
include places like Tuma-
hole in Parys and Khuma
in Stilfontein. Total: '7
townships. °

@ NATAL: So far the resi-
dents’ of Sibongile in’ Dun-
dee are known to be re-
fusing to pay rent. Total:
1 township.

@ CAPE: The strife-torn
townships of the Eastern-
Cape have refused to pay
rent for some time. New
Brighton and kwaZakhele
in Port Elizabeth and
Langa and kwaNobuhle
in Uitenhage took the
lead in boycotting white
businesses and then fol-
lowed by refusing to pay
rent. The townships of
Huhudi in the Northern
Cape, threatened with
forced removal some
time ago, and Zweleth-
emba in the Western
Cape have joined the boy-
cott. Total: 21 town-
Ships.

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIAL PARK PLANNED NEAR STELLENBOSCH
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 20 Sep 86 p 10
{Editorial: "Technopark's Vistas"]

[Text] The planned technopark outside of Stellenbosch offers exciting
possibilities; a development that can make South Africa still more independent
of foreign countries and protect it against sanctions. It can make the
country an important exporter of unique, knowledge-intensive ("high tech")
products. The pity is that the technopark is only now coming. South Africa
is poor in enterprises manufacturing advanced products requiring high
technological skill and ingenuity. Professor Christo Viljoen, dean of the
school of engineering at the University of Stellenbosch, says South Africans
are wrong if, for example, they think television sets are made here. The

are imported and assembled here. The country has consequently been
handed over to the designs of manufacturers in Germany, Japan and the
Netherlands. After assembly in South Africa, the factory price of television
sets is 59.4 percent higher than what the landing costs of complets sets would
have been.

South Africa's four television assemblers give work to only 1,600 people,
Professor Viljoen says. There is a factory in Pietersburg producing radios
which have been designed for our own conditions and are made of South African
components; and 2,300 people work at the factory, 700 more than in the whole
television industry. The reason is that the TV industry is made up of
assemblers and the Pietersburg plant is a manufacturer. The situation is just
as unsatisfactory in the telecommunications industry. This industry is
responsible for 49 percent of the country's electronic "production." The
development trends for digital telephone exchanges which the Postal and
Telecommmnications System must stock are determined by two foreign companies,
one in France and the other in Germany, according to Prof. Viljoen.
Practically nothing for this giant industry is designed or produced locally.
They are assembled from imported components. Many South African manufacturers
complain that the local market is too small to justify production. Their
narrow approach is entirely different from that of manufacturers in, for
example, Israel and the Republic of China, which are so focused on the export
market that the domestic market is regarded as a bonus. In Israel there is a
manufacturer of brain scanners who is so dependent on the export market that

48


/13104
cso:

3400/261

‘The sleepy university town of Potchefstroom is bracing itself for a:
drastic change in character after the news that a rich new gold field:
‘has been discovered on its doorstep. “°:-° P|

“Things will never be the same again. Just imagine what will:
happen if Potchefstroom gets a sudden influx of mineworkers. They
are a different breed and one can most certainly expect all kinds of
social complications,” said the Rev Hein Barnard of Potchef-
stroom’s Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk.

“A potential problem which springs to. mind is that. certain sec-
tions of our community tend to be quite snobbish. I can foresee a.
measure of friction between them and a strong mining community.”

‘Mr Barnard pointed out that the whole atmosphere of the quiet
Western Transvaal town would change. :

“At the moment Potchefstroom is predominantly a university
town consisting mainly of Afrikaans-speaking people.

“We could get an element which would not fit easily into the
present community,” said Mr Barnard.

Pastor. Frikkie Oudtshoorn, of the Apostolic Faith Mission, be-
lieved that the possible new developments could only benefit Pot-
chefstroom. .

. “It will lure more people to our town and, for me, that will mean

more potential church members.” :

But Mr Barnard was not sure that an injection of mineworkers
would be to the advantage of church congregations. '

“My experience is that mineworkers don’t become very involved:
in church activities. Their moral values differ from ours,” Mr Bar-
nard said.

i}

97



Q: What do you think of President P.W. Botha?

A: I have told him that after Dr (D.F.) Malan and Dr (H.F.) Verwoerd he is
one person who possesses the means to bring about the sort of changes that we
would like to see. I told him he is a very brave man.

Qs Would you agree with the recent statement by Dr Conor Cruise O'Brien that
to be an Afrikaner means to be a racist?

A: No, I would not say so. I think they are creatures of history, which is
true of all of us. And they are people who are desperate, anxious about their
survival and their identity. I then ask: If your identity is so valuable, is
it then also fragile? I mean, look at... say, the Jews. They have preserved
their identity without making other people suffer so much.

Q: You recently showed Mrs Coretta Scott King Crossroads. Has it already
become a ritual to take visitors there?

A: No, not a ritual. Whenever I am in Johannesburg, I also show Alexandra to
people. The point about Crossroads is that, although there are slums in other
parts of the world, this is the result of a purposeful policy of the
government. Crossroads would not have arisen if we had not had the inflexible
system of migrant workers. It arose when the women said: "We want to be with
our husbands." People have asked why I did not show her (Mrs King)
Khayelitsha, as if Khayelitsha is something to be proud of. Why don't people
want to move to Khayelitsha? Basically because they were not part of the
decision.

Q: You advocate talks with the ANC. According to the government, only seven
of the 30 members of the ANC's executive committee are not communists or do
not support the SACP.

A: Show me just one political party that is not a coalition. The KP, the
HNP; did they not arise out of the NP? The Allies had communist Russia as
their allies during the Second World War. Did that change them into
communists? The government ought to use the churches in South Africa as
sincere mediators in the quest for solutions to the country's problems. At
the moment we still have the confidence of the radicals who believe that the
problems cannot be solved without violence, perhaps only by a full-scale civil
war.

Q: Winnie Mandela said "we will liberate the country with our matches and our
necklaces." Your comment.

A: We ought to hear the cry of distress in that statement; that we have tried
everything. Remember, she is a woman who has been separated from her husband
for more than 20 years. She herself has been devastated for years; her
ehildren have grown up in a quite unnatural manner. It is not remarkable that
she said that, but that she did not say it earlier. Did you hear the speeches
that were made earlier by Afrikaners on 16 December? We had to accept it and
remain silent. I do not approve of what she said. But what good does it do
to shoot her down, for in many respects she is expressing the opinion of many

22


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

FRG'S NEGATIVE STAND ON SANCTIONS VIEWED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 19 Sep 86 p 14

{Article by Mark Wood in Bonn: "West Germany Will Not Bother About Sanction
Fanatics"; first paragraph is DIE BURGER introduction]

[Text] It looks as though West Germany, the country which this week led the
opposition to strict EEC sanctions against South Africa, is determined not to
bother about foreign criticism. The country is sticking to its position that
it does not want to deal any heavy blows to the South African economy.

Bonn's rejection of some other EEC member countrys' demands for including a
coal boycott in the punitive economic measures against South Africa meant that
in the long run the sanction package has remained without its most powerful
weapon. The effect of the package is quite a bit smaller without it. On the
other hand, this has also forced West Germany into a role that it has always
tried to avoid: the moving power behind a European policy position which is
expected to evoke rage and condemnation in the Third World. But government.
spokesmen made it clear this week that Bonn, which is normally sensitive to
negative comments, will shove the sharp remarks of foreign critics aside and
will refuse to institute stricter sanctions. “We are not going to allow
ourselves to be put under more pressure. We are not going to adopt any of the
measures which could lead to the destruction of the South African economy,"
said one official who did not want to have his name mentioned.

The EEC's ministers of foreign affairs agreed this week to put a ban on new
investments in South Africa and the import of iron, steel and Krugerrands. A
ban on the import of coal was originally also part of the sanction proposals,
but the FRG, supported by Portugal, refused to adopt that measure. The German
reasoning was that a ban on coal imports can leave thousands of black South
Africans without work and that it would mean poverty and misery for the very
people whom the Europeans want to help.

Unyielding
Government officials and German commentators pointed out two reasons for the
government's position: domestic political pressure and a genuine conviction

that sanctions are the wrong way to move South Africa to abolish the policy of
apartheid. Chancellor Helmut Kohl has recently been put under strong pressure

18



policy which emphasises the
beneficial role of competition”.

~The direct cost of road transport
applications was R60 million a year.
‘This led to a distortion of tariffs and
the inefficient allocation of
resources. 7

In any case it was difficult to
police the permit system. It had.
been found that 20 percent of freight
being moved between Johannesburg
and Durban was “illegal”.

Apart from the direct saving
there would be gains in the form of
lower transport costs and better
service. :

'

It was estimated there would be a:
six percent increase in the surplus
in the transport industry as a result,
but the elimination of inequities
would lead to greater benefits.

The proposed policy was that
market forces should decide as ‘far
as possible.“what is moved, how it
is moved, at what price it is moved,
to which destination it moves and at
what level of service it is moved
and by whom”.

The cross-subsidisation of the
various SATS services where
profitable: services were used to.
‘subsidise unprofitable services would
be stopped.

This would lead to tariff
increases for some services.

Mr Eksteen said there would be
provision for these services to
directly subsidised. .

“The subsidy will be specific and
will not lead to distortion of other
tariffs as is currently the case.”

Mr Eksteen indicated the
controversial proposal that
Regional Services Councils be made
to foot the bill for the enormous
losses on passenger and particularly
urban transport. was still under
consideration as part of the scheme
for direct subsidisation.

Measures

Subsidisation of uneconomic
mining, industrial and agricultural

101

freight would have to come directly
from the government departmert
concerned.

SATS would have to be allowed to
introduce cost-related freight rates.

All these measures would be
phased in to prevent disruption.

Another significant change would
be a reassessment of the amount

collected from road users to pay for”

roads.
This would be made relative to

each class of vehicle with the

amount being collected in the same
way as in the past through vehicle
licences and a levy on fuel.

It was calculated that by using
this method and by increasing all
licence fees and the levy on diesel
an additional R253 million would be
collected.

SATS would also be forced to
become more competitive by
halting such things as road licence
fee exemptions.

Dealing with road safety, Mr
Eksteen said, a road freight quality
system would be introduced which
would include a uniform Road
Traffic Act for the whole country.

2 Standards for ‘drivers. and
vehicles would be reviewed and a
new enforcement programme would
be developed.

Special attention would also be
given to the overloading of vehicles

which added R60 million a year to :

road maintenance costs.

A special section dealing with
fleet operators would be
incorporated into the Act as a
deterrent to “unsafe” operators.

“A differentiated point penalty
system will be introduced against
drivers and the operators for the
purpose of monitoring convictions.”

Initially the points would not
carry a penalty clause but would be
used in court for sentencing
purposes and for statistics. '

Mr Eksteen warned operators not
to take advantage of or to ignore
existing legislation to gain early
advantage of the new system.



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

MINES TO EMPLOY FEWER MIGRANT WORKERS
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 2 Sep 86 p 3

[Article by political editorial staff: "Social Reasons -- Mines Reduce Migrant
Workers" ]

[Text] Mining is using less migrant labor because migrant labor results in
instability on the social level and in labor relations, Mr R.M. Godsell,
industrial relations consultant for Anglo-American Corporation, said
yesterday. He was testifying before the President's Council's Committee for
Economic Affairs on the role of trade unions in a strategy for creating jobs
and the development of labor-intensive industrial and business enterprises.
Mr Godsell said mining wants to accommodate its workers more and more in a
family context. In that process, thousands of dwelling units will have to be
erected, which will be a great economic injection for many areas. It is
expected that the miners will be housed in a family context from Welkom in the
south over an area which includes the Witwatersrand and Middelburg and extends
up to coal mines in Natal. The biggest problem at present is to get suitable
ground for that development, he said.

Mr Godsell also said:

~ It will be difficult to dismiss loyal workers if sanctions are applied and
workers have to be sent back to neghboring countries. He knows of a
Mozambican who recently got an award for 40 years of faithfil service.

- Trade-union movements can become involved in negotiations, but then care
will have to be taken that they see the results of such negotiations.

~ He believes that much of the socialist rhetoric in some union circles will
disappear and turn into a’a pluralistic democracy as soon as joint bargaining
is successfully applied in the labor sphere.

- It is important for the work force to be educated in basic industrial
concepts and functions. If one wants to make partners of trade unions, union
members will have to become involved in an enterprise's profit-taking,
responsibilities and risks.

- So long as the blacks do not have a place to exercise political rights, they
will use trade unions for that purpose. However, it must be remembered that
most democracies developed in phases, and that everything did not happen at
once.

- In "the alarming culture of public violence which is growing in the
country," trade-union movements will have to display greater responsibility
and help defuse the situation in their own interest. And

~ deregulation can promote creation of jobs, but many government departments
promulgate deregulation only as long as it does not affect their regulations.

13084
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\ JPRS-SSA-86-114
: 17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

= : \
‘ EN
WHITES PRESSURE GOVERNMENT TO OUST ILLEGAL NON-WHITE |! \\\

Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 1 Oct 86 p 3

[Text] ‘The residents’ associations of the Johannesburg residential districts
of Mayfair and Homesteadpark have challenged the government to announce exact-
ly when it will rid the residential districts of illegal non-Whites.

The challenge was contained in a pamphlet recently distributed in the residen-
tial districts. Mayfair, and in lesser measure Homesteadpark, are for all
practical purposes integrated residential districts, since large numbers of
non-Whites have already settled in there.

The residents’ associations challenge the government also to make public im-
mediately legislation whereby home and apartment owners who allow other races
to occupy their properties will be prosecuted. Such legislation was already
promised in 1983, say the residents’ associations.

The residents' associations are asking whether there is a conspiracy between
the government and the real-estate agents, to allow Mayfair and Homesteadpark
to become gray areas. Real-estate agents say that they have knowledge of an
imminent repeal of the racial districts law. The real-estate agents say that
they are continuing to sell houses to non-Whites in the areas in question be-
cause they do not subscribe to apartheid. The following real-estate agencies
have been cited by the residents’ associations: Executive Homes, Aida Estates,
Buyrite Estates, Schoeman Estates and De Huizemark (the House Market).

The government desperately wants to repeal--both publicly and officially--the
racial districts law, but it does not have the courage to do so, because that
would mean the end of white schools and logically speaking, the end of white
support for the NP, the pamphlet explains.

In this respect, the residents’ associations challenge NP officials to inform
residents and taxpayers exactly when illegal residents are going to be evicted
from the areas in question. The NP must also state when it will introduce
legislation to prosecute all home and apartment owners who allow non-Whites to
inhabit their properties.

The two residents’ associations in question had earlier distributed a pamphlet
in which the government's broken promises concerning the Whites of Mayfair are

54


VIEW OF BLACK SHOPPERS

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 13 Oct 36 p 5

‘OUTDATED'

{Article by Jane Strachan]

[Text]

13104
C80:

3400/262

THE notion that black consumers are
attracted only by the cheap store or
discount operation is outdated.

And retailers should be aware that
when real change ge takes place there will
be a huge movement of black people into
the cities, not just to live, but also for
jopping and entertainment.

A prime example of this concept ex-
ists already in Johannesburg’s Carlton
Centre; where many blacks congregate
to shop and to use the facilities.

wuts a“ a, jhanging out out” piace, says says Con
fina, in an interview with Anglo rene
can Property Services’ Retail Property
Update, says there is no similar place in
the cit part from parks, whe where blacks
may sianly A le awa'
even the Carlton entre hasn’t yet
anscended the old belief that blacks
should yjects icion. Securit fi
directed primarily at

Mafuna warns that if city trading
areas are to becomie viable in the new
, this suspicion will have to be

ited and d Cities will have to accept
— and in fact welcome — the permanent
presence of blacks.

&

iy

72

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PFP'S VICTORY IN LOCAL BY-ELECTIONS TERMED INSIGNFICANT
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 5 Sep 86 p 18
(Editorial: "False Prog Joy"]

All the Progressive Federal Party's rejoicing over its "crushing" victories in
the by-elections in Claremont and Pinelands is based on false assumptions. It
is simply misleading oneself to say, as Mr Colin Eglin did, that the PFP has
made a comeback in earnest. After the embarrassment into which Dr Van Zyl
Slabbert and Dr Alex Boraine plunged the PFP by their desertion from
parliament and the PFP leadership, it is understandable that that party would
grab at anything which may strengthen its morale. But about all the PFP can
be glad about is that it did win -- and did so against the New Republic Party,
a languishing little Natal party. ‘The small victories and lack of enthusiasm
must be indications to the PFP that it still has reason to be seriously
concerned. Instead of that, it is going around jubilantly with its head in
the clouds.

The voting percentages were low even for by-elections. The percentage of 32.1
in Claremont, where Mr Jan van Eck was the Prog candidate, falls in the class
of what was obtained in elections for the other two houses. Then the Progs
cried that the elections did not have any legitimacy. Now they are rejoicing
over a resounding success! Apparently the PFP thinks that those two Cape
outcomes in isolated Prog enclaves are signs of greater successes in a general
election. It is this kind of complacency which makes it believe that it can
tackle a campaign to take over the government in two years. We predict a big
disillusionment for it. These are not constituencies which are typical for
the country. Moreover, big problems like national security were not properly
discussed and the voters did not have any choice of a credible alternative
policy. It is an illusion to think that the outcomes in two such obdurate and
unenthusiastic urban seats can point to a pattern in the rest of the country.
And were the voters ever asked to express themselves on the conduct of Drs Van
Zyl Slabbert and Alex Boraine? For the New Republic Party, the outcomes have
again confirmed that its days are numbered.

13084
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24


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CONSTRUCTION BEGINS ON WORLD TRADE CENTER SET TO COMBAT SANCTIONS

Johannesbug? THE SUNDAY STAR (Finance) in English 12 Oct 86 pp 1, 4

[Article by Malcolm Fothergill]
{Text ]

WORK has begun on a World Trade Centre near:
Jan Smuts Airport that could blast holes through

any sanctions imposed by the rest of the world.
regulating oiake space ey we a

—a
stu a a od
built at on the R is

ed (0b coped hy November or Deeaber ne

ater developments will probably include a commo-,
ities exchange, aftices for clearing agents and a 450-"
ron international hotel. a Cen }
Johannesburg's World Trade Centre will operate on.
similar lines to the ones already running in 130 cities.
and 55 countries around the world.
“It will be linked by satellite to a
communications database that lists:
trade opportunities around the world.
Since it has been declared a:
free-trade zone, foreign businessmen
will need no visas to visit it.
The Johannesbug World Trade ‘Cen-'
tre is the brainchild of Mr Neels:
Swart, chairman and chief executive.
of the Terexko group, holding com-:
pany of the Jurgens "and Terrakor:

groups.

Terexko has put in “significant” ini-
tial investment. Other funds have
come from institutions.

The green light for the centre came
last October at a meeting of the 18-
year-old, New York-based World
Trade ( Centres Association in Rio de

sare diately before that meeting

90

South Africa and professed himself de-,
lighted with the plans for a centre

ere went on record as saying he be
lieved a World Trade Centre in South
Africa would make nonsense of sanc-
tions.

“With.a World Trade Centre you
could have sanctions from half the
world and still trade freely. Our
60 000 card-carrying members are
not governed by political or emo-
tional issues, .

“They form a worldwide network.
of friends dedicated to trade who
will welcome the opportunity to
find outlets in Southern Africa.”

World Trade Centres aim to
group together in a convenient
place all the services ~

trade.
They are usually closed to the
Ree the plan fe local
plan for a

centre has been enthusiastic. Dom-
estically, both the Government and
the private sector have welcomed
it. Internationally, other World
Trade Centres have opened negotia-
tions to trade through it.

Says Mr Swart: “We are in the
business of bringing together
buyers and sellers for the exchange
of goods and services on a scale


Air Force. The exercise took place 50 nautical miles from. the coast between
the Saltpond oil rig and Shama. The scenario is that a naval patrol boat
intercepted a distress message from an aircraft pitching in the.sea on Monday
night. Later, another message was intercepted saying six survivors had been
spotted in a life raft drifting between the oil rig and Shama. A naval ship
was dispatched to the area where the survivors were picked up in a weak but
satisfactory condition.

Meanwhile, loyal forces have been destroying pockets of imaginary dissident
groups as they advanced on the main dissident force.

/6662
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JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

‘OPERATION HUNGER’ WORKS AMONG DESPERATELY POOR IN LEROWA

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 16 Oct 86 p 16

{Article by Duncan Guy]

{Text ]

SEKHUKHUNELAND — In the partial
shade of a slender tree near the Jane
Furse Hospital in Sekhukhuneland, Le-
bowa a group of women are busy “knit-
ting” lengths of wire.

The air is filled with chatter and
laughter. Babies play contentedly at
their feet as the women interrupt their
work only to shoo away the chickens
and forraging dogs.

It is a scene that tells of fulfillment.
Until recently these women were con-
sidered “desperate” cases, unable to
make ends meet in the dusty hills of
the homeland which, like many of
South Africa’s rural areas, is densely
populated and largely without its men-
folk.

“Today they are working and earning,
making wire-mesh fences, the first
money-earning -work most of them
have ever had a chance to do.

Fence-making brings in an average
income of about R40 a person a month,
but even that has caused a dramatic
increase in their quality of life.

The project is a self-help scheme run
by Operation Hunger which supplies
them with the wire. Half of what they
produce is bought back by the organi-
sation and the other half taken as pay-
ment for the wire.

The organisation supplies food for
the workday and the “equipment” to
make.the fences; a board set with nails
through which the women “knit” the
wire to shape it into a mesh fence.

There is a division of labour system.
Four women work at each board to
knit the wire through and another four
roll up the finished product.

A project of this type is a departure
from usual Operation Hunger schemes
which generally concentrate on food-
growing.

Because this village, Moraba, has lit-

73

tle water, this could not be done.
could change when a planned
reservoir is built nearby,

But agriculture: is still the main
thrust of Operation Hunger’s projects.

Said field officer Mr Frans Themba:
“We find out through the clinics where
the most needy people are. The most
effective indicators are babies with
kwashiorkor (malnutrition).

“Then, with the help of dedicated
clinic staff such as Sister Sylvia
Kgoete, we instruct the mothers how to
grow vegetables,” he said.

Sister Kgoete’s clinic at Ngoabe, a
dry, soil eroded valley of 12000 people
about 40km from Moraba, is like an
oasis in the desert.

Spinach, carrots, lettuce and other
vegetables grow under shade cloth.
Water comes from a borehole. '

One of 39 “patches” in the valley is
run by Mrs Miriam Moboki whose chil-
dren were once kwashiorkor cases.

“Before, I was not even able to have
a garden because there was no water. I
have no husband so I could not go away
from home to find work because there
was nobody to care for my children,”
she said.

“Now at least we have good food.
The children are much better. I also
sell some vegetables and make about
R24 every time I pick.”

Another self-help project at the clin-
ie is a sewing scheme.

Operation Hunger supplies women
with sewing machines and materials.
They then make clothes, some of which
they sell locally, some in Johannes-
burg.

Until now the sewing group have
worked outside the clinic in the yard.

But during break time. they mould
cement blocks f6r a building they will
need to shelter them from the summer
sun and, the valley desperately hopes,
the rain soon to fall.



which have formed according to the principle of free association, but always
as representatives of the respective government-defined population groups.
"The reason for this is clear: If the government gave up this principle, it
could no longer claim any special right of self-determination for whites and
would thus undermine its own position of hegemony." When the government
speaks of "consensus" and "negotiations," this is no more than a game of
words. These concepts described reciprocal processes, but Pretoria is
attempting to fill them with unilateral contents. "For the government,
negotiating means persuading its opponents to play its game; consensus means
that the others must be reasonable and agree with the government, and reform
means that discrimination which is unnecessary -- unnecessary for maintaining
white hegemony and control -- is being abolished."

Anarchistic Traits

If Pretoria is thus betting on a mixture of coopting "moderate" dark-skin
leaders and repressing "radical" forces, then the latter are demanding no more
and no less than capitulation of the government. Frederik van Zyl Slabbert
sees an increased polarization between these two camps running as a central
theme through South Africa's future. In his opinion, the centrifugal forces
will become so strong that the political center is more and more abandoned and
only the fringes occupied -- just in the form of the "system" and the
"boycott" camps. On the side of the "boycotters" the "United Democratic
Front" (UDF) has succeeded in mobilizing and politicizing South Africa's "non-
white" populace to a high degree. "The most mundane occurrences are today
given a highly political significance -- for instance, whether I pay my rent
(to the town council), in what store I buy (black or white) and whether I go
to school or not." However, the UDF has not yet succeeded in making the
transition to a mass organization. Slabbert also sees signs of anarchistic
traits -- the rejection of any kind of authority, whether it comes from the
"system" or from the UDF -- in education in particular.

Overestimating Its Own Power

Frederik van Zyl Slabbert sees the only glimmer of hope at present in all
forces interested in a change of the status quo cooperating within the
framework of a "local option." "The state does not have as much control on
the local as on the national level. More flexibility and autonomy exist
there." Slabbert is not distinguished by having any illusions, as other
liberals in South Africa and elsewhere often have; he quite expects the the
possibility of the government blocking such attempts. "But Pretoria can do
this only at the price of having to increasingly use direct force." In the
long term he is hoping for a parallel to events in Zimbabwe, where in 1979
both parties in the conflict -- the white government and the militant
organizations of the blacks -- arrived at the conclusion that they could not
win militarily, and therefore sat down at the negotiating table. The
situation in South Africa has not yet gone that far; here each side is still
overestimating its own powers and believing in the possibility of a military
victory. "If one asks (defense minister) Magnus Malan or the commanders of
"Umkhonto we Sizwe (military wing of the ANC), one gets the same answer: we
must fight on, we can win." Slabbert sees more hopeful signs in the South
African population. "If one talks with the white mother in Rondebosch, whose
son is right in the army, or with the black mother in Soweto, whose son cannot
go to school because of the boycott, then one already hears more often that
blacks and whites in South Africa must sit down at the negotiating table."

13084

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JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

ANGOLA

BRIEFS

PRISONER REVEALS FAPLA'S INDOCTRINATION--Free Land of Angola--In addition to
military training, the Russians andthe Cubans are administering political
indoctrination classes to FAPLA forces, revealed Justo Francisco Ndala, a 14-
year-old former soldier from the 45th Brigade, captured in a recent UNITA
offensive in Kalapo. Interviewed by KUP yesterday in Jamba, Francisco Ndala
said, among other things, that the principal aim of the instructors is culti-
vation of a terrifying mental image of UNITA. [Text] [(Clandesting KUP in
French to Southern and Central Africa 0600 GMT 26 Oct 86 MB] | /6662

UNITA COMMUNIQUE ON OCT TRUCE--Free Land of Angola (KUP) [no date as re-
ceived]--UNITA has ordered the suspension of all armed activities throughout
Angolan territory from 0000 of 26 October ta0000 of 27 October. ‘This has
been revealed in a special communique issued by the UNITA Central Committee
and signed by UNITA President Dr Savimbi,.who is on a tour of European coun-
tries. This decision was made in response.to an ‘appeal made by Pope John

Paul Il yesterday. This communique was issued after a careful analysis of the
situation by the UNITA leadership together with the chief of the General Staff
of the UNITA Armed Forces. The communique also made the following appeal:

We hope that Pope John Paul II's call for this gesture of. goodwill will also
be heeded by our MPLA-Labour Party compatriots, as well as all the people
working toward a lasting peace and national reconciliation in Angola. [Text]
[(Clandestine) KUP in French to Southern and :Central Africa 0600 GMT 28 Oct

86 MB] - -/6662

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JPRS~SSA-86~114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

VAN ZYL SLABBERT SAYS SANCTIONS HELP BOTHA SPLIT OPPOSITION
Munich SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG in German 24 Sep 86 p 11

{Article by Gerd Behrens: "Where is South Africa's Government Heading? New
Shops for Old Customers. §Z Talk With the Former Opposition Leader Frederik
van Zyl Slabbert"}

[Text] Cape Town, September.- "One of the most difficult decisions for any
politician is to find the right time for his resignation," Frederik van Zyl
Slabbert said last February. For him, this point came in early 1986 when he
experienced an "overwhelming feeling of absurdity" toward the Cape Town
parliament in the face of the debates which were "grotesque in their
triviality." Therefore, after 12 years of activity in this house and seven
years as leader of the liberal "Progressive Federal Party" (PFP), he
immediately gave up his parliamentary seat along with the chairmanship of this
opposition party. In his opinion, the PFP could only play the role of a voice
of protest against government policy, but could not be a force of real change
in South Africa because the parliament was increasingly losing significance
and the decisions were being made more and more in a small circle of the
executive. Since Frederik van Zyl Slabbert traded his office in parliament
for a small cottage in the Cape Town suburb of Rondebosch, he has as an
independent political adviser been working on the idea of a "local option" --
the attempt to tackle the dismantling of apartheid not at the top, in Pretoria
that is, but at the bottom, on the local level. In addition, the 46-year old
Slabbert is now again studying sociology at the University of Cape Town, where
in the early 1970's he had become a sort of cult figure among the students
before he entered politics.

Mute Parliament

The events of the last half year have confirmed the former opposition leader's
assessment of the situation in South Africa. Although in early 1986 the
government called for an unscheduled session of parliament for the months of
August and September in order to deal with "important and dramatic" draft
bills, one is so far waiting in vain for any bills of that kind. The
opposition on the left as well as the right is talking in rare unanimity of a
farce and a "nonstarter" because the delegates are only debating about
trivialities which could have waited until next year. The ruling National
Party (NP) is not allowing any debate on South Africa's current problems in

77



JPRS-SSA-86~114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

FRENCH ELECTRICAL GIANT TO STAY--The French electrical equipment manufacturing
giant, Merlin Gerin, has reaffirmed it's commitment to South Africa as a key
long-term growth markets. Merlin Gerin, with an annual turnover of 22,4
billion, has entered into a number of ventures with local companies. Chief
executive for Southern African operations, Mr Guy de Place, says: “We olan to
continue increasing the local added value of our products. Additionally, we
will ensure that our back-up services are geared to meet any possible future
"5 [Text] [Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR [Finance] in Fnglish 5 Oct 8&4 p
9} /13104 ’

VLAKS TO RESUME UNDERGROUND MINING--Vlakfontein Gold Mine is to resume
underground mining near Nigel, where an exploration programme has pinpointed
payable ore reserves. The mwineralised area is situated on the farms
Spaarwater, Droogebult and Grootfontein, which are owned by Goldfields of
South Africa (GFSA) and Gold Fields property (GFP). In terms of an agreement,
Vlakfontein will issue 300 000 new shares to CFSA and GFP in exchange for the
mineral rights to the area. Exploration results show the extremely shallow in
situ reserve to be $,2-million tons at an average grade of 2,8e/t. The
Kimberley Reef extends from the outcrop to a vertical depth of 300m below
surface. Vlakfontein, which ceased underground mining in 1977, will mine the
reef by means of an inclined, endless~rope haulage and will treat the ore at
its plant 15 km from the haulage portal. [Text] [Johannesburg BUSINTSS DAY
in English 14 Oct &6 p 1] [Article by Cherilyn Ireton] /13104

cso: 3400/265 END

103



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PORT ELIZABETH RUSINESS FUTURE ANALYZED AS STARILITY RETURNS

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English @ Oct 86 p 7

[Text]

FORD'S plants are shuttered and the
black boycotts, for the moment, have
been lifted. The suspense is over, and’

recover, they’re going to wait for a
long time,” said Urban Foundation

§ regional policy director Roger Mat-
a sense of stability has returned to Jock. “I fink that’s a naive
Port Elizabeth. ! attitude.” 7

With much unemployment and
poverty in the area, the state of the
city is not so terrific — but, some say, ,
not’ as desperate as Press repo
would have it.

With stability have come thoughts:
for the city’s future — from motor
executives, retailers, suppliers and
union officers as varied in their
sophistication, direction and promise
as the needs and desires of the many

constituencies.

Indeed, in the end, it may be a lack
of consensus that limits what PE can
do for itself in making a comeback.

There is a large, influential group
who believes the city is, as it always
has been, a function of. the motor
industry, and that recovery will come
as vehicle sales return.

Dramatic ‘effect

“The vehicle and component plants
are still there, they’re just making
less, and that’s the positive side for
1987,” said Brian Matthew, executive
director of the Midland Chambers of
Industries. “An upturn in motor car
sales would be easily accommodat-

The current depression in the
motor industry, he said, has had a
dramatic effect on the dependent
city. “But an-upturn would have the
same kind of effect.”

Others think waiting for car sales
to return is a dangerousl, compla-
cent strategy. “If PE people sit back
and wait for the motor industry to.

88

Indeed, the most successful busi-
nessmen in the next decade may be
those who recognise that PE cannot
depend on the motor industry as it
always has. Some component suppli-
ers, like Welfit Oddy, have developed
new products and'new markets to fill
the capacity left idle by lost Ford
orders. Even. the remaining Ford
lant, which produces engines at
itruandale, has diversified into other

motor components and export mar-
ets,

In this way, the withdrawal of Ford
happened to PE” observed Sy Lipp
a 0 PE,” ol y Lip
stra, who owns Pioneer Ford, the
city’s one remaining Ford dealer (the

other closed earlier this year).

Li u_and others believe that
the loss of Ford business will force
long-compiacent Suppliers to im-
prove their competitiveness. “When
you're’ busy in good times, you don’t
tend to look at the nuts and. bolts,”
added City Paint & Tool MD Alan
Orchard.

Even if PE businesses are flexible
enough to adapt, however, it is uncer-
tain what they should adapt to. Com-
ponent manufacturers, burdened by

higher freight costs, will be hard
pressed to compete for Samcor busi-
ness with PWV suppliers. And as long
as SA remains mired in political and
economic uncertainty, it is unlikely
that any new industry will settle in
the Eastern Cape. Export oP rtuni-
ties, too, soon may be limited by more
severe foreign trade sanctions.


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

UNEMPLOYMENT SEEN AS REASON FOR UNREST
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 2 Oct 86 p 12
(Editorial: "Work Against Unrest"]

(Text] There is practically no unrest in areas where there is little
unemployment. This pronouncement by Minister Piet du Plessis at the Cape NP
Congress is the latest proof of the role that economic factors play in the
situation of unrest in the country. It is not by accident that the unrest of
recent months has coincided with a recession. This question is thrust ever
more heavily upon the sanction fanatics who on a so-called moral pedestal are
Pleading for punitive measures against the Republic: How is greater
peacefulness possible in greater economic misery? Me Du Plessis said the
results of the government having injected 000 million rands for creating jobs
are phenomenal. Success is being gained in fighting unrest where more work is
being created, and practically no unrest occurs in areas where few people are
without work. Unemployment is increasing due to various factors in spite of
this attempt on the part of the government, the biggest which has yet been
undertaken.

Also at the congress, Mr Louis le Grange referred to poor conditions in some
Colored residential areas and said it is no wonder that rocks are. thrown at
policemen in those areas. There is no water supply in many areas, and street
lights and garbage removal do not exist. The authorities are also trying to
help with that. Altogether one billion rands have been destined to be spent

“on upgrading those neighborhoods. However, if large-scale compulsory
“ sanctions are instituted agairist South Africa, it would naturally become more
and more difficult for the authorities to spend hundreds of millions of rands
on such special projects. Less work and poorer living conditions will feed
the unrest, which in turn can thwart deliberations on necessary political

‘adaptations. Thus, a vicious circle is formed which jeopardizes the orderly
existence of everyone in the country and creates the gap for revolutionaries
to progress. Proponents of sanctions may indeed say that is not what they
want. But, as the American ambassador, Mr Herman Nickel, has just said: A
great power will ultimately not be judged by its intentions, but by the
results of the measures it has taken.

13084
CSO: 3401/12

56


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

CONSERVATIVE PARTY PLATFORM CRITICIZED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 30 Sep 86 p 10
(Editorial: "Dangerous Wishful Thinking"]

{Text] The more the realities and constitutional challenges in South Africa
come to the foreground, the more the Conservative Party [KP] moves away from
them, back into an impractical past. At the Eastern Cape KP Congress over the
weekend Dr Ferdi Hartzenberg spelled out the policy his party would pursue for
blacks if it comes to power. It includes blacks only being allowed to work in
areas next to black states (and then only if they have permits), no new black
residential areas being developed or existing ones expanded, and citizenship,
possession of property and trade-union rights only being granted to whites.
This boils down to blacks not being able to claim any rights outside of the
independent and self-governing national states, and only being tolerated in
here and there because their labor would be needed to keep the wheels turning
at some places. Millions of blacks who are now in areas away from black
states would have to be resettled. The roughly one million blacks in the
Western Cape would have to move whether they agreed to it or not. Existing
rights, such as land and home ownership, freedom of movement and job security,
of blacks who would remain in so-called white areas would be taken away from
then. There could be no question of significant political rights for them
where they live and work. Could there be a better recipe for large-scale
confrontation between white and black?

The KP leadership, in its campaign to make whites believe that they do not
have to agree to reform, is disregarding evidence coming not only from the
National government. Sabra, the think tank of the rightists, recently said it
is no longer possible, for example, that the PWV area could be economically
"“disentwined," with the implication that the permanence of blacks there must
be accepted. The test which the KP and other rightists fail time after time
is that of feasibility. The nucleus of their philosophy has been demonstrably
put to the test in South Africa, and it has not worked. With viewpoints like
this, what hope does the KP have of coming to an agreement with less radical
leaders like Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi, who said last week that blacks will
no longer.be ruled against their will? This is KP wishful thinking which has
serious implications for relations in the country.

13084
CSO: 3401/12

52


HARARE TOBACCO FIRM WORKS ON CUBAN TEAL

Johannesburg BUSINESS PAY in English 9 Cct 85 p 8

[Text]

/13104
CSO:

3400/259

HARARE — A new Zimbabwean company, Cuzim, is
negotiating with the Cuban government to manufac-
ture Havana cigars from special locally-grown leaf.

Cuzim director F H Hecht said discussions were
taking place with: the Cuban embassy in Harare,
which had “expressed great interest” in the produc-
tion of handmade Cuban-style cigars in Harare for
local and export consumption. Boy

BAT Zimbabwe recently announced it would stop
making its range of cigars, thus leaving the entire
cigar market free for any new producer. The Zimbab-
wean government would be unlikely to grant any of
its scarce foreign currency for importing rival
brands. .

Hecht said Cuban agreement was vital before Zim-
babwe would produce the sort of cigars famous for:
their appeal to the late Sir Winston ‘Churchill.

Tobacco ‘industry specialists said it could be a
“lengthy and expensive business” to grow the particu-
lar type of tobacco required from seed and then cure,
process and manufacture the special wrapper leaf
and filler tobacco for hand-rolled cigars.

One expert said: “It would take a long time to grow
and test the tobacco on various soils here.” — Sapa.

14

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

ZIMBARWE


I DEDIIIIIEOSSSSISSS SO SSS

vegetable farmers in that area to continue production. This will reduce
supplies to Pretoria and fruit and vegetable prices will rise. Minister of
Constitutional Development and Planning Chris Heunis has informed the action
committee that only local blacks will live in the new city but there are
scarcely 100 black families in Magaliesburg and after the abolition of influx
controls the Department will in any case not be able to turn back additional
people, according to Van Niekerk.

The chairman of the Farmers Association of Hekpoort, Dr A. C. Jennings, says
that the farmers' crops and livestock will be stolen and that their farms will
lose their value if the plan goes through. The minister's final decision will
obviously depend on who can protest the hardest and the farmers of the Moot
and Magaliesburg will now have to see to it that they match the fine
organization and publicity achieved by the Groen Gordel Committee.

Those wishing to support the Magaliesburg action committee should call Van
Niekerk at his house, tel. (0382) 3412 or his office (011) 6921720 x 229.

12593
CSO: 3401/16

43



Silent

Look what the rightists are saying. They are "satisfied" and "delighted" with
the outcome, and boast that they could double their number of votes. But they
are silent about their having run and told what blow is waiting for the
National Party there, and they do not say that it is after all only logical
that they would get more votes because the Treurnicht split took place since
the previous election. ‘They also complain that they had a "handicap" because
the NP is said to have known about the by-election first. But they do not
mention that one of the worst things imaginable hit the NP when it lost its
original candidate at a late hour through death and had to quickly find a
replacement (fortunately an active fellow). They do not tell how they threw
everything into the fight to evoke fear among the whites over the Kwa-Natal
Indaba. According to the rightists, that deliberation in Natal is indeed the
best example of how the whites are going to be sold out. Klip River's whites
have shown what they think of that sort of propaganda.

Nobody Else

The most important message of all that can be deduced from Klip River is that
by far most people in a reasonable and sober constituency still trust the
National Party, with its policy of reform and powersharing, with the future.
Extremism on both sides is rejected, for the people know that it must lead to
polarization and more and more violence. It is just those kind of people,
from whatever language or color group, who will have to stand together to save
the country. Nobody else can. The circumstances in the country were as
difficult for the government as one could imagine. There are the economic
recession, riots, a state of emergency, furious attacks from abroad with
boycotts, sanctions and yet more. It is surprising that the government could
fare so well in such negative conditions. ‘That can only be due to one thing,
and that is that most voters realize what is at stake at home and abroad and
that their common sense tells them how they should react.

Informed

With that we are back to another elementary truth: the best weapon is to see
to it that the voters are fully informed about what is going on. ‘There is no
alternative in these difficult times. Klip River has shown that an elecorate
which is trusted answers with trust.

13084
3401/2

47



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ERIEFS

BLACK VIEWS ON MIXED MARRJACES--Blacks are of the opinion that if South Africa
were totally free of limitations in terms of intergration, only 54 marrieses
out of every 100 involving Placks would be with other Blacks. Bowever, Blacks
from higher income groups are less inclined to believe that mixed marriages
would take place. Yhese are the findings of an opinion poll conducted among,
metropolitan Blacks earlier this year. ‘The poll found that most believed 54
marriages would be with Blacks, 17 with Whites, 14 with Coloureds and 2 with
Asians. In households where the monthly income exceeded R900, the belief was
that. 61 in every 100 marriages would be witb Blacks, while in households where
the monthly income was less than 8200 a month, the belief was that less thao
half of the marriages involving Blacks would be with other Blacks. Blacks
aged between 16 and 24 were more inclined to believe that integration would
take place than those over 24. People from different areas also held
different views. Those from Pretoria, Johannesburg and the East Kand were
more inclined to believe that mixed marriages would work than people from the
Free State, N Cape, FE Cape and Natal. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in
English 17 Oct 86 p 12] /13104

C80: 3490/262

76


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

NIGERIA

BRIEFS

UNIVERSITY MOSQUE OCCUPATION CONDEMNED-~[From the press review] . The STATESMAN
condemns the reported occupation of Ahmadu Bello University central mosque by
certain elements suspected to be fundamentalists. It describes the reports
as very disturbing in view of the sordid experience of the country in reli-
gious fanaticism. THE STATESMAN however commends the prompt reaction of the
university's governing council and the state governor on.the situation... The
paper says although the suspected religious fanatics have been dislodged, they
should be closely watched.so that. they will. not (?repeat) it elsewhere. Con-
cluding, THE STATESMAN advises students to redirect. their energies and intel-
ligence to. solving more basic problems of the society. [Text] [Lagos Do-
mestic Service in English 0600 GMT 30 -Oct 86 AB] | -/6662

NEW EQUATORIAL GUINEA AIR ROUTE--Nigeria Airways [NA] has concluded arrange—
ments to operate schéduled flights to Malabo, Equatorial Guinea. The. flights
will operate from Lagos through Calabar to Malabo. The NA's public rela-
tions officer in charge of the international wing of Murtala Muhammad Airport,
Mr Sam Naida, said that the flights will be operated with effect from the
30th of this month. By the new arrangement, Equatorial Guinea will become the
14th African country to which Nigeria Airways has regular flights. [Text]
[Lagos Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 24 Oct 86 AB] | -/6662

MINISTER CRITICIZES AIRLINES--The Federal Government has.restated that it will
not succumb to blackmail by foreign airlines acting individually or as a.group.
A statement today by the minister of transport and aviation, Brigadier Jeremiah
Useni, expressed great disappointment with those foreign airlines.which are
yet to resume sales of air tickets in the naira,-despite the 94 percent in-
crease in air fares which took effect a week ago. He however commended the
airlines which have been cooperating with the Federal Government by showing a
very good understanding of the present situation by selling air tickets in the
local currency... Brigadier Useni reminded the foreign airlines that the guide-
lines on the Second-Tier Foreign. Exchange Market [SFEM] regarding internation-
al air tickets, gave choice of currency of purchase to the traveller, and not
the airline. He reminded foreign airlines that Nigeria is expecting: from them
a true demonstration of friendship in these hard times... The majority of. the
foreign airlines operating in the country have refused to sell their tickets

in the naira. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GMT 28 Oct 86
AB]  /6662



JPRS-SSA-86~-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

FAR RIGHT'S PLANS FOR WHITE ETHNIC STATE RIDICULED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 16 Sep 86 p 8
[Editorial: "Confusion"]

[Text] Sporadic brainstorms’ from ultra-rightist ranks -- to try to formulate
a future political model for South Africa -- remind one of Dr Andries
Treurnicht's absurd words in 1982 at Vereeniging, that there "has to be a
tree" to climb into when a man is chased by a lion. Plans have now already
poured out of every corner of the far-right spectrum; each time with a new
name: a white homeland, an ethnic state, a Boerestaat [Boer state], a white
heartland, an Afrikaner state, a white sphere of jurisdiction, partition,
white growth points... as if a new "tree" is conjured up each time when the
lion of reality brings a fellow bigot to bay. The latest is Professor Carel
Boshoff's Sabra plan that the "starting point" in the creation of an Afrikaner
ethnic state should be the white parts of the Transvaal, the [Orange] Free
State, Northern Natal, the Northern Cape, the Cape Midland up to the coast at
Port Elizabeth and west of Mosselbaai, and the southern part of Southwest
[Africa], which should form a geographic unit. According to Mr Dirk Viljoen,
a council member of Sabra, the four most important metropolitan areas (read
economic life arteries) would have to be necessarily excluded; they can no
longer be unmeshed.

What is interersting here is that the main far-rightist player, Dr Treurnicht,
advocates exactly the opposite on this: that the PW itself area should be the
white heartland. On the other hand, Mr Jaap Marais of the HNP obviously
thinks more holistically: of the old ‘rejected idea, of a white South Africa.
He says an ethnic Boerestaat is "escapism" and a white homeland is an
"illusion." The, AWB wants to revive the Boer Republics again and rent
Johannesburg and Soweto to the Jews and blacks. And to top everything, there
is the new secret organization Toekomsgesprek [lit.: "Future Talk"] which
advocates a pure Afrikaner state. They can all go learn something from the
Boer delegates who already realized at the Vereeniging peace talks that it
would be supreme economic folly to give up the gold mines in exchange for
political independence. Nobody has yet prevented the homelanders from
establishing their white state in Morgenzon or Mosselbaai. But they are not
accomplishing anything! This is indeed proof that South Africa's vexing
problems cannot be solved by fanciful fundamentalism.

13084
CSO: 3401/3

51



BLACKS

Unemployment Seen as Reason for Unrest
(Editorial; DIE BURGER, 2 Oct 86) ..ccccecccseceeers

Regional Plan Leads To Conflict in East Transvaal
(THE STAR, 13 Oct 86) .ccccevececececeves

Special Constables Warned on Use of Firearms
(THE CITIZEN, 14 Oct 86) ....e0-

Broederbond Decides to Safeguard Secrecy
(THE STAR, 16 Oct 86) ....

Briefs
Trade Talks With Taiwan
Taiwan May Replace IBM
New Headquarters for Armscor
Dutch Embassy Employee Supporting ANC
PFP Disunity

Outline of Townships Participating in Boycott
(Jon Qwelane; THE SUNDAY STAR, 5 Oct 86) .

Degrading Living Conditions in Soweto Described
(Jon Qwelane; THE SUNDAY STAR, 5 Oct 86) .

Soweto Boycott Exacts High Death Toll, Costs Government Millions
(David Braun; THE STAR, 16 Oct 86) ......-

Psychologists Reveal Black Youth Reject Parental Authority
(THE STAR, 10 Oct 86) ..

HSRC Study: Whites Impede Black Progress in Work Situation
(Joe Openshaw; THE STAR, 10 Oct 86) ..

Ciskei Business Boom Detailed
(Ruth Golembo; SUNDAY TIMES, 12 Oct 86) w.csceeceeceeceoee

Survey: Sanctions Will Hit Blacks Politically
(Jeremy Maggs; THE SUNDAY STAR, 12 Oct 86) ..sececeeceeees

View of Black Shoppers 'Outdated'
(Jane Strachan; BUSINESS DAY, 13 Oct 86) ..sseseesseeceeee

"Operation Hunger'Works Among Desperately Poor in Lebowa
(Duncan Guy; THE STAR, 16 Oct 86) wecsccsececcccecsceceees

Braklaagte Incorporation Raises Questions About Government Policy
(BUSINESS DAY, 17 Oct 86) ..cscecsececcrccecccecesceceeecs

56

57

62

63

65

67

68

70

71

72

73

74


JPRS-SSA~86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

HSRC STUDY: WHITES IMPEDE BLACK PROGRESS IN WORK SITUATION
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 10 Oct 86 p 9

{Article by Joe Openshaw]

[Text] White resistance to black advancement is a major factor impeding:
black progress in the South African work situation.

‘This was the finding of study by the Human Sciences Research
Council (HSRC), details of which were given on Tuesday at the
Psychological Association of South Africa’s annual congress in
Johannesburg, by Dr Peter Franks of the Human Development
Division of the HSRC.

‘The study involved in-depth interviews with all levels of staff at
24 retail stores which are part of a large retail chain.

“The workplace is a key aspect of the political situation in South
Africa,” said Dr Franks. Black advancement is inextricably con-
nected with the search for political dispensation in broader society.

“The tragedy at Kinross mine raises the question of what it will
take for management to come to terms with the crisis it faces — a
crisis inseparable from the crisis facing the country as a whole.

“The root of the problem surrounds the whole question of leader-
ship and the traditional white leadership principle — ‘baaskap’.”

It was found there was surpringly little antagonism towards
whites among blacks and coloureds while there was antagonism
towards blacks, in general, from whites.

Discrimination was perceived as a problem by almost all of the
black and coloured staff.

Some of the strategies of white resistance are:

OVERT
@ Anti-unions-for-blacks attitudes.
@ Blocking advancement. .
@ Not training or developing subordinates.

COVERT
@ Setting people up for failure.
@ Biased appraisals and tests.
@ Seeing and hearing what one wants to.
@ Subverting communication
and grievance procéaures.
@ Discriminate application of
rules.
@ Creating a climate for indus
trial conflict.
Indications of “baaskap” in or-
ganisational management:
@ Attempts to create and illu-
sion of develoment.

68


who have not had the courage or the opportunity to be heard. How much better
is it when a policeman shoots a child in the back while he is running away?
Or the killing of a Steve Biko?

Q: As someone who condemns violence, what is your position on the innocent
people who are killed and maimed by the ANC?

A: I have still always condemned that, but I must also condemn the violence
of the state. What was done to the women at KTC differs in degree, but it
becomes worse by being legal. We are ultimately all victims.

Q: It appears as though blind violence has become the ANC's official policy
-- which it also justifies.

Ag I am not their spokesman, and they know what my position is. But they
also say "we have tried."

Q: Do you send messages to the ANC about your position with respect to
violence?

A: They hear the statements that I make, and I talk with them, yes. I should
actually have attended the conference of unaligned countries in Harare,
because I had an appointment with Oliver Tambo. There is something I wanted
to say to him. I later decided that it (before his inauguration as
archbishop) probably would not have been diplomatic to go. One tries to tell
them what one sees, but they see things from another perspective.

Q: Are you thus in fact trying to persuade them about violence...?

As Yes, surely, I tell them what my position is, and they must decide
themselves. But is it not remarkable that they are as restrained as they are?
Look at all the available targets.

Q: If asked, would you join the proposed Statutory... (Council)?

As No! Absolutely not. That will be a glorified Bantu Representative
Council from many years ago, which did nothing but give advice. And people

can accept your advice or not.

13084
CSO: 3401/12

23



/13104
cso:

3400/263

not a good option following the ‘

unrest and deaths at White City

in August. ‘

An attempt earlier this year
by the Government to provide
for orders on salaries was
dropped.

Now there is a new Bill pro- ©
viding for the blocking of prop-
erty sales or 99-year leases to |
people who are not fully paid
up.

Some Government officials
believe the solution lies in al-
ternate sources of finance.

They are looking to the re-
gional services councils, which *
will tax émployers and busin- ,
esses, or possibly to-an old idea
of Johannesburg management
committee chairman Mr Fran-
cois Oberholzer’s — raising
general sales tax,

eh J

66


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BROEDEREOND DECIDES TO SAFEGUARD SECRECY

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 16 Oct 86 p 13

{Text} CAPE TOWN — The Afrikaner of the secret organisation.
Broederbond — whose member- An appeal was made to all
ship includes the new moderator members of the church, in
of the Ned Geref Kerk — has terms of the 1982 decision, to ac-
told the church it is not pre- cept one anothers’ integrity and
pared to abandon the secrecy of to put their “brotherhood in:
the organisation and its activi- Christ” above all other loyaities.
ties. The decision was communi-

The decision to remain a se- cated to the Broederbond, which
cret body was taken by the then gave a preliminary written
Broederbond’s executive council reply. This was followed by a
after'a request from the Ned request for an interview by
Geref Kerk that the matter be three Broederbond members
given “serious attention”. with the Ned Geref Kerk’s gen-

Details of communications eral moderature,
between the church and the In a subsequent written reply,
Broederbond about this issue’ the Broederbond said its execu-
are contained in a report before tive council had given “very se-
the general synod meeting in) rious attention” to the request.
Cape Town. The Broederbond’s executive

The general moderature has: council had come to the conclu-
recommended that the Broeder- sion, however, that “it is not de-
bond’s reply be accepted. sirable to abolish the confiden-

The request to consider the tial nature of the organisation
secrecy issue was put to the and its activities”.

Broederbond in terms of a- 1982 The previous Bondsraad, the
decision of the NGK’s general highest authority in the Broe-
synod. derbond, had endorsed this

The synod then asked the ex- viewpoint.
ecutive council of the Broeder- Reasons given by the Broe-
bond to consider seriously — “in derbond for maintaining its se-
the light of the difficult times in crecy included:
which we are living” — whether @ Members were invited to join
the “confidentiality” of the the organisation because of ser-
Broederbond “should not rather vice they had already rendered
be abandoned”. to the AMrikaner cause in their

id i personal capacity.
acne Synod alse sa ta © Confidentiality enabled mem-
office-bearers of the church be- bers to exchange opinions “more
longed to the Broederbond while open-heartedly” and ensured
others did not. members would not be “labelled

Thénew leader of the church, or ridiculed outside the organi-
Professor Johan Heyns, dis- .
closed at a Press conference on The Broederbond gave an as-
Tuesday he was still a member: surance that “the Christian

norms and conscience” re-
mained the basis of Broeder-

/12104 bond decisions and actions.

C802 2450/2484

59



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

ISRAELI POSITION, POSSIBLE DEALINGS WITH SOUTH AFRICA VIEWED
Israel Opposes Sanctions

Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Sep 86 p 7

(Unattributed article: "Israel Against Sanctions"]

[Text] The Israeli prime minister, Mr Shimon Peres, has stated he is opposed
to sanctions against South Africa. He is of the opinion that in the first
place they would be ineffective and secondly that they would not do the large
Jewish community in South Africa any good. Mr Peres fully realizes that large
sums of money flow ever year to Israel from Jews in South Africa as support
for the continued existence of the state of Israel. It must furthermore be
remembered that the Jewish community in South Africa is per capita the richest
and most flourishing of the Jewish diaspora. The assets which the Jews
possess here in South Africa are particularly big and are estimated at some
ten thousand millions of rands. ‘The interests which the Jewish community has
in South Africa should thus never be underestimated.

Negotiations With Israel Questioned
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Sep 86 p 7
[Unattributed article: "Israelis Opportunistic?]

[Text] According to information that has reached us, an Israeli delegation
visited South Africa to negotiate with the government on allowing investments
in Israel by South African Jews. The counteroffer was evidently directed at
certain boycott-breaking aid actions and possible arms agreements. We must
raise serious objections to the Israelis’ request, because it is nothing else
than a method to transfer to Israel South African capital that South African
Jews have amassed here. Apparently the Israeli government is trying to "help"
South Africa and thereby take over the Jewish experience as well as capital in
one blow. No, we cannot go along with that. We are all here in good and bad
times. South Africa has always been good to its Jews.

We are definitely interested in hearing from the government as to what

concessions have indeed been made. A government which is in a critical
position can always be found willing to make concessions to save its political

16


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

RACIAL QUOTA SYSTEM FOR PRIVATE SCHOOLS DISCONTINUED
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Sep 86 p 2

(Unattributed article: "Racial Quota Dropped After Pressure -- Government
Yields On Mixed Private Schools"}

(Text] The government has bowed to private schools concerning the admission
of non-white students. Conditions made earlier this year on admitting non-
whites have been dropped after vehement protest by the Catholic Church in
particular. This is evident from the Bill on Private Schools (Volksraad)
which has just been published. The events are almost an exact repetiition of
the government's action in 1983 with regard to a quota system for
universities. At that time the government also gave up its attempts to limit
the admission of non-white students at white universities after vehement
opposition from English-speaking universities.

The government initially wanted to subject white private schools to a strict
racial quota as a condition for registration and financial assistance in the
form of subsidies. A subsidy of 45 or 15 percent was to be paid. Schools
that wanted to be considered for the higher subsidy, however, would have had
to be 90 percent white, while a school would have had to consist of 80 percent
white students if it wanted a receive a subsidy of 15 percent. A school would
have had to be 70 percent white to be considered for any subsidy at all.
Catholic church leaders who are in control of that church's schools, however,
protested the proposed quotas after a meeting in Johannesburg in March. They
refused to register nearly 65 private schools, which would mean that these
schools would be illegal and would have had to be closed. About 22,000
students of all races would be affected by that. The South African Catholic
Bishop's [sic] Conference said in a statement that the schools had objections
of conscience to registration as long as the racial clauses remained. The
Catholic schools also strongly objected to the limitations which would be
imposed on them. ‘These limitations were, among others, that the appointment
of teachers had to be approved by the Department of Education and Culture and
that school principals would have to obey orders from the director of
education.

The government revealed in May of this year that it had given up its

conditions. At that time the minister of education and culture in the white
Council of Ministers, Mr Piet Clase, did not say a word about the conditions

33



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

COLORED MINISTER TOLD TO MOVE OUT OF WHITE NEIGHBORHOOD
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 30 Oct 86 p 1

lArticle by Church Affairs Editorial Staff: "Law May Force Teacher out of
White Neighborhood"]

[Text] Doctoral candidate Charles Petersen, a teacher from the NG Mission
Church at Swellendam, will have to move out of his rectory in the white
residential area of that town if he does not get an exemption from the Group
Areas. Act. Mr Petersen, who returned from the Netherlands early this year,
where he completed his doctoral studies, was installed in January of this year
at Swellendam in place of the former (white) teacher, Dr Johan Retief. He and
his family moved into the rectory on Lourens Street. "Problems arose" shortly
after that, and some of his property was damaged, he said. In the meantime
the chureh council ascertained there is an easement on the property which
stipulates that it must be inhabited by a white -- something which the church
council had been unaware of up to that stage.

Mr Petersen said the Moderatorship and a delegation from the church council
held talks on the matter on 9 September with Mr Piet Badenhorst, deputy
minister of constitutional development and planning. He received them "in a
well-disposed manner." This was followed by a talk with the president, Mr
P.W. Botha, on 19 September. The Moderatorship says in its report to the
Synod of the NG Mission Church, which is now sitting in Belhar, that the
Church's stand against the Group Areas Act was discussed with the president.
He was requested to exclude all church property from the provisions of the
Group Areas Act. Mr Botha has undertaken to investigate the matter, the
Moderatorship says.

Upon inquiry, Mr Petersen said the Mission Church at Swellendam lost its
rectory, church and school on Voortrek Street in 1971 -- precisely because of
enforcement of the Group Areas Act. The congregation then bought the rectory
on Lourens Street because there was a white teacher there at that time. Mr
Petersen is the congregation's first Colored teacher since then. "In, spite of
the problems, I am hopeful that the matter will be solved," he said.

13084
CSOs 3401/13

53



by his rightwing Bavarian allies, the Christian Social Union (CSU), to reject
sanctions of any type, in spite of what the rest of the EEC thinks about that.
Two CSU ministers formally rejected the EEC sanction package at Wednesday's
cabinet meeting. This will not affect their application, but it emphasizes
the party's unyielding attitude. Mr Kohl cannot now afford a split with his
coalition partner over South Africa in view of the fact that the next general
election is being held in four months. He thus had to take a stand to keep
the sanction package as week as possible at the EEC deliberation, according to
government spokesmen. But the chancellor and most of his ministers are in any
case not really enthusiastic about sanctions. The only thing they really
differ on is the question as to what extent they should adopt sanctions for
the sake of EEC unity.

Big Profits

Mr Kohl has already said publicly the only advantage that sanctions can offer
is for businessmen who can make big profits by dodging them. In his opinion,
sanctions must necessarily fail. Another factor determining the course of
events in the Federal Republic is the absence of the emotional public debates
on South Africa which occur in some other EEC countries, such as Britain and
the Netherlands, and which place the governments there under great pressure.
It is true that the parliamentary opposition, the Social Democratic Party
(SPD), has rebuked the government for its role, and even the conservative
daily FRANKFURTER ALLGEMEINE ZEITUNG said in an editorial that Bonn has
disappointed black South Africans by making certain that the EEC sanctions can
do no harm. But South Africa is not a matter which dominates newspaper
headlines. here, and even the SPD or the Greens only take a public stand if
there is really reason for it.

Not Happy

Be that as it may, Mr Kohl revealed at a press conference this week that he is
not very happy about the way in which his country has come forward as the main
spokesman for the opponents of sanctions. He complained that Bonn is simply
saying aloud what many other people think -- an obvious reference to France,
which is staying in the background and has said it will fall in with the
majority. Other government spokesmen have also said that, as far as they are
concerned, Britain will again have to take a stand and not leave everything to
West Germany. The British excuse that its chairmanship of the EEC forces it
to remain neutral does not convince the Germans at all. "Britain is clearly
glad to be out of the firing line and let the Germans play the role of the
villain with respect to the sanction question," one spokesman said.

13084
CSO: 3401/3

19



'SECRET'

EXPORT TRADE SEEN AS BIGGEST ANTI-SANCTION WEAPON

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 5 Oct 86 p 6

{Article by Chris Moerdyk]

{Text ]

SOUTH AFRICA’S “secret” ex-
port trade, amounting to more
than half its overseas markets,

“could .be the country's biggest

weapon : against current sanc-
tions.

Johannesburg marketing con-
sultant Mr Mike Perry said that
even if the United States im-

posed total sanctions on imports '

from this country, South Africa
would only have to increase ex-
ports to its clandestine partners
by 16 percent to make up the
shortfall.

“In effect, South Africa has
been sanctions-busting since the
1960s with the result that 54 per-
cent of our export. markets are
clandestine and less likely to
come under _ international
pressure. This means that if the
UK, for example, banned South
African imports we would have
to increase exports to clandes-
tine partners by only eight per-
cent to make up.”

But, he added, sanctions
pressure was on South African
exports and when it turned to
imports the Government’s best
option would be to use its “enor-
mous buying power”.

“The suggestion that our For-
eign Minister made recently

86

about being able to buy most of
what. we need from Taiwan,
would simply make it easier for
our major suppliers to justify
stopping the sale of their prod-
ucts to South Africa.

“At the moment West Ger-
many, the United States, Japan
and the UK account for 55,5 per-
cent of our imports. These vol-
umes are big enough for- them
not to want to get involved in
harming this trade.”

Mr Perry suggested that in-
stead of approaching the threat
of sanctions on imports to South
Africa from a political retalia-
tion point of view, the Govern-
ment should adopt a more busi-
ness-like approach.

“South Africa needs to get
across to industry and trade
unions in our major supplier
countries the real effects of
sanctions on exports to South
Africa. One of our biggest weap-
ons would be the promotion and
lobbying of the cost of sanctions
to our suppliers,” he said.

Defiance, he said, was not a
strategy but simply reinforced
South Africa’s image of being
thugs and bullies.

“However, retaliation does
play a part but this should be
done out of the public eye.”

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


includes groups which may cause a new constitution to fail by their non-
participation or exclusion, even if they meet the definite prerequisite of
renouncing violence. The acceptability of such a new system to the majority
of national citizens and naturally also to the majority of Afrikaners is one
of the most important conditions for its survival." Earlier in the document
it is stated that "voluntary gray" residential areas in the future will not
necessarily jeopardize the Afrikaner's survival. Further in the document it
is said that the abolishment of statutory discriminating measures should not
be regarded "as concessions under pressure," but as a condition for survival."

13084
cso: 3401/7

40



SOUTH AFRICA

JEWISH OPINION SEEN IMPORTANT IN RELATIONS WITH ISRAEL

Johannesburg BUSINESS DAY in English 2 Oct 86 p 3

[Article by Max du Preez]

{Text ]

/13104
cso:

ISRAELI government statements
that it was considering sanctions
against SA should be seen more as
an. effort to relieve international’

essure on Israel than as a genu-'
ine threat, top Israeli sources said:

yesterday.

They said that when rightwing Li-.
kud Party leader Yitzhak Shamir
takes over as Prime Minister. from:
Shimon Peres next week, the chances
of Israel deciding on sanctions would
be even more remote,

But Western diplomats agreed that
if Israel came under increased pres-
sure and did decide to impose nomi-
nal sanctions, it could have an impor-
tant psychological effect on SA. It
would also increase the ure on
SA’s remaining trading partners and
anti-sanctions administrations such
as those in Britain and Germany to:
fallin line. :

A senior SA official said: “SA,
Israel and Taiwan have always.
formed a trio as the world’s ‘Cinder-

ella states’. If they turn against us, we:

are really going to feel lonely.”
‘..& senior Israeli embassy spokes-
man said: “Israel's relations with SA
have always been correct. I expect
them to remain like that.” He would:
not comment further.

2400/258

81

Peres was quoted this week as say-
ing that Israel would “act in accor-,
dance with steps taken by Washing-
ton and European countries”,

A source said trade between the
two countries was small and any
sanctions decision was likely to have
only a minor real effect,

fisting co-operation between
SA and Israel in the military and
armaments fields had always been of !
a secret nature and was not expected
to be affected. :

Clearly, the large and influential ;
Jewish pe unmunity in SA would

ways be an important consideration
in any decision on relations with SA.
Economic Co-operation Minister Gad
Yacobi, a leftwing ‘Labour member,
admitted that when he said this week
the “well-being” of the Jewish com-
munity in SA would have to be consid-

Sources said that was one reason
py Israel could not even take a sym-
bolic decision such as a refusal of
landing rights.

A Department of Foreign Affairs
spokesman said the’ department was
only aware of newspaper reports on
the issue and would not comment on
it now.



SPECIAL CONSTABLES WARNED ON USE OF FIREARMS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 14 Oct 86 p &

{Text ]

/13104
cso:

3400/264

CAPE TOWN. — Three hundred and
twenty special Black police constables
were yesterday warned to use their fire-
arms with utmost caution.

The warning was sounded by the offi-
cer commanding the country’s counter-
insurgency unit, Major-General A J
Wandrag during the passing-out parade
of South Africa’s first batch of “crash-
course” policemen at the Koeberg
Training Centre.

The ceremony was highlighted by the
presentation of trophies to the best stu-
dent, the best shot and the best platoon.

Gen Wandrag told the students he was
amazed at the number of applications
received to undergo the course, but war-
ned the men that “all would not be rosy”
once they went on the beat in the town-
SHIPS see

The’ men would be used mainly to
assist in fighting crime in general in the
townships but, after receiving further,
in-house training, they would be used
productively in special crime units
throughout the country.

He told the men they would be de-
ployed in the townships where they re-
side, but warned: “Your firearm must be
used only when necessary, and then with
the greatest caution.”

The men who received awards were
Special Constable R V Tyali, who re-
ceived the Lt-Gen H G de Witt trophy
for being the best student overall as well
as the Major-General Van der Merwe
trophy for the best platoon.

‘The other student to receive a trophy,
for being the best shot, was Special Con-
stable Z K Ngkisi. bee

58

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


"EMERGENCY PHORTA' SEEN AFFECTING CHILDREN

Johnnesburg THE STAR in English 13 Oct 86 p 1

{Text ] DURBAN — Some white children are so disturbed by recent
bombings that they believe they will end up behind sandbags

in their suburban homes.

Some black children are so disturbed by the activities of
the security forces that they are afraid to leave their homes
and the sight of uniforms or military or police vehicles makes

them flee in terror.

Such children are among hundreds treated by psychologists
for problems which started or have worsened since the start

of the state of emergency.

Psychological problems among black children have fol-
lowed detentions, shootings, killings and security forces activ-

ity in the townships.

Mr Leslie Swartz, a psychology lecturer at the University
of Cape Town, said some township children were showing
symptoms of post-traumatic stress found among victims of
war and disaster such as anxiety, phobias, regression to more
childlike behaviour and serious sleeping problems.

Mr Swartz said: “A lot.of the problems we are seeing are
best understood in terms of what is happening to a whole
community or family. These are kids who seem to have been
fine before the violence and now have lots of symptoms.”

Among dozens of. children treated by psychologists in Cape
Town were those who had been detained or whose parents had
been detained or were involved in resistance.

Some children were expressing violent fantasies in their

~ play, such as Casspir-Casspir or Witdoeke against Comrades.
There was also “a lot of fear of white people”. One black
child screamed when she saw her mother’s white friend and

said: “She’s going to kill me.”

Among white children, fear of political violence is making
psychological problems worse. One Durban counselling psy-

chologist had seen children suffering from school phobia ag-

gravated by bomb drilis.

‘The patients — mainly aged six and seven — had morning
nausea, vomiting, crying or headaches. Their anxiety about
school had been “exacerbated by bomb drills and the fear that
something might happen to them while at school”.

They had been told what to do during a bomb scare but
there was not enough practical advice and they feared they
would not get out in time. One pupil was so afraid of a film on
bombs shown at her school that she walked out.

‘The psychologist said: “While the bomb drills are necessary,

1 feel some schools are overdoing it.”

82

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA


- a well planned economic policy "which can be sold to the voter" be worked
out.

Nearest

Sapa also reports that Dr Ferdi Hartzenberg, MP for Lichtenburg, spelled out
the policy which will be applied by the KP if it should come to power: AS a
consequence of that policy:

- blacks will only be allowed to work in the areas nearest to their homelands;

- only blacks with work permits will be allowed within the borders of South
Africa;

- no new black residential areas will be developed or existing ones expanded;

~- South African citizenship will be given only to whites;

only whites will be prmitted to own land;
- Coloreds and Indians will get their own homelands.

13084
CSO: 3401/13

27



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

GHANA

ARMED FORCES EXERCISE 'OPERATION WAR LORD’
Regional Secretary Opens Exercise
AB241851 Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 24 Oct 86

[Text] The second phase-of Exercise Team Work 86 took off in Takoradi today.
This phase of the exercise known as Operation War Lord, began with the Western
Regional secretary, Colonel William Thompson, briefing members. of the Regional
Security Council on an. imaginary dissident situation in the region. The
briefing marked the civil phase of Operation War Lord. The dramatized situa~
tion is that dissidents from an imaginary country known as (?Cocobi) have
infiltrated the country from the West and are attempting to link up with the
remnants of a dissident group who were flushed out of the Akuse-Kpong-Tema
area during the first phase of the exercise.

Colonel Thompson said the exercise is on the assumption. that dissidents intend
to cause general panic ‘among the population by sabotaging state facilities

in the Komenda-Sekondi-Takoradi area. He said the Security Council intends

to deal with the situation by deploying all civil agencies, including the
police, prisons, the civil defense organization, the fire service, and the
customs, excise, and preventive service. The aim is to test all the security
agencies to ensure that they are ready to defend the country against internal
and external aggression.

Civil Security Agencies' Deployment

AB252152 Accra Domestic Service in English 2000 GMT 25 Oct 86

[Text] A reinforcement of the civil defense organization has joined police
units to guard essential facilities in the Sekondi-Takoradi area as the second
phase of "Operation War Lord" gets into high gear. . "Operation War Lord,"
which is the combat aspect of exercise. "Team Work 86" is based on an imaginary
scenario that dissidents have infiltrated through the Western Region and are
moving to link up with other forces in Komenda area. To stop them, the
Western Regional Security Council has mobilized all the civil security agen-
cies. Among the key points being guarded by the CDR's [Committees for the
Defense of the Revolution] are the oil depot, the light house, the sub-stations



maa —————————_————_—_——_—_———_—_—______

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK NORWETO SEEN AS MENACING PRETORIA SURROUNDINGS
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 17 Sep 86 p 16
(article: "Capital Caught in Black Pliers--Chiole"]

(Text] Pretoria is going to be caught in a pliers by black residential areas
on all sides after the new black city, the so-called Norweto, is established.

So reads a motion tabled by the HNP whip in the Pretoria City Council, Joseph
Chiole.

The motion expresses shock and indignation over the draft plan for the Central
Witwatersrand, which provides for a large black city of 250,000 inhabitants
between Pretoria and Johannesburg.

While the inflation rate remains around 18 percent and the growth rate around
0 percent and while the growth of the black population is among the highest in
the world, few of those thousands of blacks will find work. "Thus a situation
will arise," the proposed motion reads, "in which Pretoria is going to be
caught in a pliers effect. Hordes of unemployed blacks will descend upon the
white suburbs and the central city. This will lead to a further increase in
racial tension, racial disturbances, assaults, rapes, looting expeditions, and
murders. The First World standards in our white suburbs and central city will
then be replaced by complete Third World standards in a process of increasing
chaos. (Closing quotation marks lacking in original.]

In the meantime, DIE AFRIKANER has learned from a reliable source that the so-
called Groen Gordel Committee's protest campaign against the Norweto plan may
lead to half of the proposed black city being moved to a 2,000 hectare piece
of land between Magaliesburg and Koesterfontein.

The Groen Gordel Committee based its campaign not on any protest in principle
against the policy of black urbanization but exclusively against the
government's plan to settle the blacks near their specific community.

In turn the farmers around Magaliesburg have set up an action committee under

the chairmanship of John van Niekerk. He says that having half of the new
Norweto near Magaliesburg will make it impossible for hundreds of fruit and

42



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

BOTSWANA

MASIRE PRAISES MACHEL AT MEMORIAL SERVICE
MB241832 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1610 GMT 24 Oct 86

[Text] The president, Dr Quett Masire, has said it is imperative that a full
and unimpeded investigation into the plane crash in which Mozambican President
Samora Machel died last Sunday be made and its full results made available

for all to see so that they may form their own judgment. Speaking at a memor~
ial service held in honor of the late President Machel at the national stadium
in Gaborone today, Dr Masire said the fact that the plane. crash took place in
South Africa made it more imperative for independent investigations. to be
carried out. The president ‘said no one believed the word of the South African
Government because Pretoria had in the past committed acts of murder and
_destruction in Mozambique. He said Pretoria had committed similar acts in
neighboring countries and has threatened to mount further acts of that nature
against all neighboring states. Dr Masire said it is only a fortnight ago that
South African Defense Minister Magnus Malan made threats against the sovereign-
ty of Mozambique and to Mozambican lives. He said during the 11 years, the
president of Mozambique, the late President Machel, proved to be a zealous

and dedicated leader for the development of his country and for the. integra~
tion of the economies of the region. on an equitable and balanced basis. He
said he knew President Machel as a very close friend of Botswana and as his
personal friend. Dr Masire said the late. President Machel who had lived in
Lobatse as a refugee in the sixties cherished his experience in Botswana

and kept in touch with his former host to whom he had been loyal, kind, and
considerate as a friend.

The president said the late Mozambican leader was vivacious and a colorful
person. He said he was courageous and yet gentle. Dr Masire said he was a
champion of nationalism within a .(?nation and state) and a. benevolent neighbor
of the oppressed people of southern Africa. He said his loss willbe felt
most in Mozambique and that it was also a great loss to the people in the
region and to mankind as a whole.

/6662
CsO: 3400/299



racial equalization and in that way to promote racial integration. Mr
Stofberg expressed sharp criticism on the issuance of uniform certificates for
the different racial groups, and asked how employers will know whether the
value of certificates is the same. The matric standard of whites and blacks
cannot. be equal, because that implies that it must be very close to the same.
He wants to ask Mr De Klerk how he is going to obliterate any hint of a
difference, any semblance of a difference in standards among various schools.
The only way that can be done is by means of mixed schools or lowering white
educational standards, Mr Stofberg said.

13084
CSO: 3401/7

36


JEWISE

PUBLICATION SAID OFFENSIVF ‘tO PALESTINIANS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Oct 86 p 15

{Text ]

/13104
cso:

HARARE. — The lead-
ers of Zimbabwe's Jewish
community are awaiting
details of an instruction
from the Minister of In-'
formation, Dr Nathan
Shamuyarira, to ‘tone
down” their magazine,
the Central African Zion-
ist Digest, in view of its
potential offensiveness to;
the Zimbabwe Govern-
ment’s Palestinian
friends. :

A spokesman for’ the
Central African Jewish
Board of Deputies said it
had yet to receive a for-.
mal approach from the
Minister, who disclosed
official disquiet about the
magazine in a television
interview on the eve of
the Jewish Day of Atone-
ment.

Because of their relig-
ious rules on observance

3400/259

Of the holiday, Jewish

community leaders were!

unable to react to Dr Sha-
muyarira’s criticism.

Dr Shamuyarira said
the Zimbabwean Govern-
ment “had _ nothing
against Jews who were
part of Zimbabwe’s socie-
ty”

“However, they were
not to uphold Zionist
policies,” he said, be-
cause the government op-
posed “Zionist and racist
theories”. The Palestine
Liberation Organisation’
is accorded full diplo-~
matic status in Harare. i

In the same interview,
Dr Shamuyarira quashed
the plans of a Zimbab-
wean company to manu-
facture satellite _ aerial
dishes which would en-
able local viewers to re-

ceive foreign television

broadcasts.

15

ZIMBABWE



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

UK-SYRIA ROW SEEN AS DISINFORMATION--[From the press review] The current
diplomatic row. between Syria and Britain is the issue discussed by the HERALD.
The paper compares the incident to the U.S. clash with Libya and believes that
it is part of the disinformation plot and plan to take punitive measures
against those who support Libya. The paper contends that facts (?will) be
presented to the world to stress the need for such punitive measures. It
concludes that the disinformation plan is no longer credible and her action
has [words indistinct] created an unwholesome precedence. [Text] [Lagos
Domestic Service in English 0600 GMT 29 Oct 86 AB] = /6662

COOPERATION AGREEMENT WITH TURKEY--Nigeria and Turkey today in Lagos signed an
agreement on economic, scientific, and technical cooperation. The agreement
provides for a legal framework for mutual cooperation between the two countries
in such fields as the setting up and running of joint industrial, commercial,
and technical enterprises, exchange of experts, advisers, and training of
officials. It will also enhance the provision of consultancy service, exchang-
ing facilities for survey, geolagical and feasibility studies, research and
(Qidentification) of pilot projects and the award of scholarships. [Text]
{Lagos Domestic Service in English 1200 GMT 22 Oct 86 AB] /12232

cso: 3400/278

10



Briefs
Black Views on Mixed Marriages

SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Van Zyl Slabbert Says Sanctions Help Botha Split Opposition
(Gerd Behrens; SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG, 24 Sep 86) ..cceseeee

Security Company Combats Crime in Black, White Neighborhoods
(David Capel; THE SUNDAY STAR, 5 Oct 86) .ssccceseccccvece

Jewish Opinion Seen Important in Relations With Israel
(Max du Preez; BUSINESS DAY, 8 Oct 86) .leesecceeecscscece

‘Emergency Phobia’ Seen Affecting Children
(THE STAR, 13 Oct 86) ..cccecccceccvcccccccevcccccececeess

Mixed Race Rail Coaches Mark First Year
(THE STAR, 16 Oct 86) ..cecceccececceccecctcesceeceeascoes

ECONOMIC

‘Secret' Export Trade Seen as Biggest Anti-Sanctions Weapon
(Chris Moerdyk; THE STAR, 5 Oct 86) .....

Port Elizabeth Business Future Analyzed as Stability Returns
(BUSINESS DAY,- 8 Oct 86) .ccececcccccccvccccvcvscccccscecs

Construction Begins on World Trade Center Set To Combat Sanctions
(Malcolm Fothergill; THE SUNDAY STAR, 12 Oct 86) ...

Economist: Sanctions Could Hit 2 Million Jobs
(BUSINESS DAY, 13 Oct 86) ...

Government's Job Creation Plan Seen Making Impact
(Gerald Reilly; BUSINESS DAY, 15 Oct 86) ..scccescccccceee

Possibility of New Gold Field Raises Hopes of Mining Industry
(Adam Payne; BUSINESS DAY, 13 Oct 86) ....seseceecescccee

Agricultural District To Change Following Gold Discovery
(Andre du Toit; THE STAR, 14 Oct 86) ..scccceceecccscecees

Feeding Programs for Children of Unemployed Growing
(Glenda Nevill; THE CITIZEN, 15 Oct 86) ...scceecceecceees

Nation's Transport Structure Faces Big Shake-Up
(THE STAR, 13 Oct 86; BUSINESS DAY, 15, 17 Oct 86) ...ee.s

Views to Privatizing Large Segments of SATS, by
Bruce Cameron

76

77

80

81

82

84

86

88

90

92

93

94

96

98

“100

100


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

SOWETO BOYCOTT EXACTS HIGH DEATH TOLL, COSTS GOVERNMENT MILLIONS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 16 Oct 26 p 19

{Article by David Braun]

{Text ]

Reports this week that more’
than 300 Soweto Council: em-
ployees may be retrenched be-
cause of the rent boycott have
underlined the dilemma faced
by the Government with boy-
cotts. costing it an estimated
R500000 to Rimillion a day
nationally.

The rej have not been
confirmed but the deputy
mayor of Soweto, Mr Glen
Jwara, was quoted yesterday
as saying some workers would
have to be retrenched because
of the boycott.

The boycotts have also ex-
acted a high death toll. More:
than 20 people were killed in
the disturbancés at White City,
Soweto, in August following ru-
mours that the Soweto Council
was to evict people who had
not paid rents.

There has also been intimi-
dation of residents by activists
and many black families live in
terror of having their homes
burnt down if they pay or being
thrown out of their dwellings
by the authorities if they don’t.

According to one estimate,
the rent boycotts countrywide
are costing the Government at
least Ri million a day.

And Department of Constitu-
tional Development sources
say that close on R200 million:
has been budgeted for interest-
free “bridging loans” to black

local authorities which are

strapped for cash. Last year:

the figure was R75 million.

DELEGATED

The loans are to be repaid
over five years but if the rent
boycotts continue, it is not cer-
tain the Treasury will ever see
this money again.

Details of how the various
local authorities have been af-
fected by the boycotts are ap-
parently not easy to come by
as central responsibility for
black municipal authorities has
been delegated to the provinces
and each township must now
be separately approached for
information. .

However, from information
supplied by Minister of Consti-
tutional Development Mr Chris
Heunis in Parliament, it is evi-
dent that by the middle of this
year, before the rent boycotts
began in earnest, a total of
R43 million was outstanding in
rent arrears in 11 black towns
in the PWV.

The towns have a combined
official estimated population of
just more than two million peo-
ple.

Sebokeng was in arrears to
the tune of R21 312109 on May
31, in respect of 19910 houses
and businesses.

Some 6073 householders and
businesses owed the Sharpe-

65 ,

ville authorities a collective ©
R83 million in arrears at the
same date.

In Boipatong 2082 tenants
were in arrears to the total of
R3 million.

The corresponding figures
for Soweto were: Soweto
R25 million (27000 residents),
Diepmeadow Ri,1 million
(20840 residents) and Dobson-
ville R348 000 (about 40 percent.
of tenants).

RADICALS

Mr Heunis. told Parliament
on September 3 that the experi-
ence in Soweto and everywhere
in the country was that blacks
accepted they should pay for
their accommodation, water
and electricity.

At the beginning of June, -
however, he added, the Com-
rades and certain other radical
organisations publicly an-
nounced a boycott of rentals
and service charges.

People who wanted to pay
their rentals and service
charges were physically pre-
vented from doing so and even
threatened with death and vio-
lence if they did.

Clearly the Government
feels it must try various mea-
sures to resolve the problem.

The standard mechanism of
evicting tenants in arrears is



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PURCHASE OF WATER SUPPLY FROM LESOTHO APPLAUDED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 1 Oct 86 p 14
(Editorial: "Life-Giving Water"]

It is gladdening news for a country like South Africa, which is poor in water,
that an agreement with Lesotho has been reached, which, if it succeeds, will
make additional life-giving water available to the Republic. A successful
outcome of that imaginative plan, a long cherished ideal which was announced
in greater detail two nights ago by President P.W. Botha, can be a life
insurance policy for South Africa. It will to a great extent be able to
remove limitations which the climate places not only on agriculture, but also
on continued strong industrial growth. It affects every person, for without
enough water there can be little hope that a decent existence can be assured
for a growing population. It is to the government's credit that it is acting
with farsightedness in this matter. While the country can now make do with
its natural water sources in years of good rain, this cannot be the case in
the future with an expanding agricultural and industrial sector, especially in
times of drought.

The water plan holds great promise for the policy of decentralization and
deconcentration. In his announcement the president said the additional water
will not be used to further stimulate the PWV area. Agriculture can derive
direct benefit from that in various parts of the country. The agreement is
also of interest in a broader South African context. South Africa, as the
economic locomotive of southern Africa, can with adequate water make a
continued important contribution. to the stabilization of the subcontinent as a
whole. In particular, Lesotho, poor in other natural resources, can earn
valuable foreign exchange by exporting water from its highlands. The plan
will cost a lot of money to be sure. It may ultimately turn out to be the
same as with Sasols, for example: money well spent.

13084
CSO: 3401/13

20


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

GHANA

BRIEFS

PAKISTANI ‘SPECIAL ENVOY' RECEIVED--A special envoy from Pakistan, (Akram
Zaki), today called on the. acting chairman of ‘the PNDC, Justice Daniel Annan,
at the State House in Accra. (Mr Zaki) is in the country to deliver a special
message from President Ziaul Haq to the government. This is a follow-up of
the pledge by President Zia to increase technical and economic assistance to
African countries, made during the last Nonaligned summit in Zimbabwe. (Mr Zaki)
stressed the need to strengthen the historical. bonds of friendship between
Pakistan and Ghana, to step up the liberation.struggle in southern Africa.

Mr Justice Annan, on bis part, assured the envoy of the importance the govern-
ment attaches to his visit.and hoped that this would improve the. bilateral
relations between the two countries. [Text] [Accra Domestic Service in Eng-
lish 1800 GMT 29 Oct 86 AB] ' /6662

PAPER CONDEMNS UN. KAMPUCHEA DECISION--[From the press.review] The GHANAIAN
TIMES describes as tragic last Tuesday's UN decision calling for the withdrawal
of Vietnamese troops from Kampuchea, formerly Cambodia. The tragic aspect

of it, is that virtually all countries of the Third World voted in favor of
the decision..The paper recalls that Vietnamese forces had to move into Kam-
puchea to provide a protective cordon for the country to stabilize its inde-
pendence under the new anti-imperialist government. The Third World support
for the UN decision therefore is a most ridiculous and self-effacing act.

The TIMES points out that the best assurance of. security for the Third World
nations is mutual support for one another. This is because the stronger powers
will protect the weaker ones only to serve their own greater imperialist
interests. [Text] [Accra Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 28 Oct 86 AB]
16662

cso: 3400/295


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

TREURNICHT FORESEES LEFTIST-INSPIRED DISINTEGRATION OF BROEDERBOND

Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 24 Sep 86 p 3

[Text] He foresees a certain number of resignations and even a possible rift
in the Afrikaner Broederbond (AB), because of the leftist directions being
taken by that organization, says Dr Andries Treurnicht, CP leader and former
chairman of the AB.

Dr Treurnicht commented on a recent AB newsletter, which among other matters

speculated about a future black national president. The newsletter also put

in a good word for integrated residential districts as well as a vote of sup-
port for negotiations with terrorist organizations, and it looked ahead to a

new constitution.

Dr Treurnicht says that he expects certain repercussions for the private or-
ganization, as a result of its taking those points of view. "Many conserva-
tives are still members of the AB. Some of them have not given up their mem-
bership in that organization because they hold sensitive posts in it, while
others have remained on as members with the idea that they will be able to in-
fluence it from within. I do not believe, however, that they can hold out
much longer."

Dr Treurnicht says that the AB leadership is apparently dominated by leftists.
This is shown in the conversation that went on between the chairman, Prof
Pieter de Lange and an ANC representative. "It is dumbfounding and in the
past would have been unthinkable."

Dr Treurnicht says that he is shocked by the suggestion in the newsletter that
groups such as the ANC must be involved in the composition of a new constitu-
tion, whether they renounce violence or not.

Dr Treurnicht says that he is aware there are still administrative members of
the CP in the AB. "The moment of truth has now dawned, however," said the CP
leader to DIE AFRIKANER,

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25



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

POSSIBILITY OF NEW GOLD FIFLE RAISES HOPES OF MINING INDUSTRY

Johannesburg PUSINESS DAY in English 13 Oct 86 pp 1, 3

[Article by Adam Payne]

{Text ]

A BOREHOLE result announced to-
day, confirming an earlier rich gold
reef intersection 30km north-east of
Potchefstroom, indicates that a new
gold field might be established —
with tremendous implications for SA.
and the mining industry.

If hopes are realised, the implications:
will be far-reaching — especially since
mines in the Free State and on the west
Witwatersrand are running low on ore
reserves.

The gold reef intersection was an-
noun by New Central Wits, which
falls under the Anglo American umbrel- .

The borehole, MGM2 on the farm Ger-
hardminnebron in the Potchefstroom
district, has intersected conglomerates
of the Johannesburg sub-group at
the shallow. depth of 1341m assaying
15 12 g/t over 95,1em equal to 1 438em.

t.

ite -
is A value of about 500cm g/t at that

depth would be payable.

e assay confirms an earlier bore-
hole result showing payable gold reef on
the sae farm. The first intersection was
in April in borehole MGM1 to the south-
east of MGM2. It assayed: 21,24 g/t over
82,7cm, equal to 1 756em g/t, was at
a much greater depth of 3 184m in the
same conglomerates.

Both assays were based on incomplete
intersections due to faulting or incom-

ete core recovery. Had all the core
Been recovered the assay would have
been richer.

The MGM2 result is highly satisfac-
tory because of its shallow depth, indi-
cating that reef has been thrown up by
faulting. The reef could not be identified
because of faulting. Geologists had a
problem in the correlation of the reefs.

94

Borehole MGM2 is unofficially report-
ed to have reached a depth 400m lower
than the 1438em g/t intersection, and.
Business Day was told that another in-
tersection about 200m below the first had
been made and the core was now being
assayed.

The New Central Wits announcement
of the intersection said: “No intersec-
tions of target reefs have been made.”
This indicates the uncertainty as to the
identity of the reef reported on.

An Anglo American source said: “The
MGN2 result is encouraging but we need
a lot more drilling to indicate whether or
not we have a mine.”

The Bird Reef (or Vaal Reef) is be-
lieved to have been intersected in bore-
hole MGM1. Since the drilling of MGM1
and MGM2, Anglo American has brought
in two more drills, while GFSA has start-
ed a new drill close to the south-eastern
boundary of Gerhardminnebron.

The Anglo American geologists are
drilling for reefs intersected in the Pot-
chefstroom gap area by GFSA drillers in
the 1940s. The Potchefstroom gap gets its
name because known mineable reefs
have until now ended at Deelkraal mine
on the West Wits line and have not been
resumed until the Klerksdorp goldfield.

The reefs drilled by GFSA included the
Livingstone and Bird reefs, the Main
Reef and the Carbon Leader.

New Central Wits says borehole
MGM1 was stopped at a depth of
3.947,6cm in Lower Witwatersrand lavas.
Deflection drilling is in progress.

For mining investors the good bore-
hole results should benefit holders of
New Central Wits and Potchefstroom
Gold Areas (PGA) shares.

Recently listed PGA has 10% of the
Mooirivier venture covering 10 800ha in


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Suppliers and the export markets

SA’s major suppliers

South Africa’s major export
markets: Merchandise

Percentage & Percentage
Country of total Country of total
1 West Germany 15,8 1, USA 85
2 United States 15,7 2. Japan 19
3 Japan 12,9 3. Switzerland 68
4 United Kingdom ud 4. United Kingdom 43
5 France 38 5. West Germany 40
6 Italy 35 6. Italy 26
7 Netherlands 18 7. Netherlands 25
8 Taiwan 1,8 8. France 2,2
9 Switzerland 18 9. Hong Kong 19
10 Belgium 16 10. Belgium 17
Top 10 countries 69,8 Top ten counries 42,4
Rest of Africa 19 Rest of Africa 36
All other countries 28,3 ‘All other countries 54,0
Total 100,00 Total

100,0

South Africa’s suppliers are
concentrated with the top four
accounting for 55,5 percent of
our imports. The value of South
Africa’s imports from these
countries is significant enough
for them to protect: this busi-
ness and resist an embargo on
their South African exports.

South African export markets
are highly diversified with the
top five accounting for only 31
percent of total export sales.
The ‘all other’ export markets
account for 54 percent and al-

" yeady represent a good degree

87

of sanctions-busting.



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

KENYA

BRIEFS

UNEMPLOYMENT CRISIS LOOMS--Unemployment could soon reach crisis proportions,
Kenya's minister for labour Peter Okondo has told parliament. More than
half a million school leavers came on to the labour market last year. Urgent
Measures are required to reduce the number of jobless because national
security depends on how the government looks after the welfare of the people,

Mr Okondo said. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English
18 Oct 86 p 6] /9317

NATIONALIZATION OF TOURISM--President Daniel arap Moi said on October 9 that
tourist..agents and guides should henceforth be Kenyans of African origin,
which will create jobs for the unemployed, the Kenyan news agency KNA
reported. Tourism is the second biggest earner of foreign currency after
agriculture and the government has set a target of one million tourists

a year by 1989, twice the present figure. The "Kenyanisation" of this
sector, which brought in 261 million dollars in 1985, follows that of
freight transport. [Text] [Paris THE INDIAN OCEAN NEWSLETTER in English
18 Oct 86 p 6] /9317

CSO: 3400/277



SOVERNMENT'S JOP CRFATION PLAN SEEN MARKING IMPACT
Johannesburg BUSINESS PAY in English 15 Cet 86 p 1
[Article by Gerald Reilly]

Text] GOVERNMENT'S fight against unem-
I ployment is making some impact, la-
ir authorities claim.

Manpower director-general Piet van
der Merwe festerday provided figures
supporting the: claim.

far 85m has been allocated to job

creation, training, food aid, small busi-

ness development and unemployment

insurance.

< In the: current financial year, R160m

has been allocated for job creation and

another R75m for training unemployed
workers,

In June another R50m was granted. In

the 12 months to March this year, 253 168

rsons were trained, a -forther
688 between April and June.
In the small

usiness development
category in the year to March, 27 818 job
Opportunities were created’ or main-
tained, and between April and June an-
other 14 853, .
Of the Transvaal’s 106 local authori-
ties, 82 have embarked on 400 projects
valued at R22,5m, :
During the previous financial year, 42
contracts were started in the Transvaal
to train more than 86 000 unemployed,
The contracts were valued at R25,8m.
During the 1985-86 financial. year
205 418 were trained at a cost of R53,9m
in SA. For the current financial year
contracts were concluded with 128 or-
‘anisations to train 227 000 People, More
an 110 000 were trained between April
and September.

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93

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



FEEDING PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN OF UNEMPLOYED GROWING
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 15 Oct 86 p 17

[Article by Glenda Nevill]

(Text ]

NOT since the Great!
Depression of the
1930s has South-Africa
had such large scale
unemployment among
the White population.

In 1984, the number of
unemployed Whites was
14 128. Market Research
Africa estimated in
March this year there
were 180000 jobless
Whites.

Statistics don’t mean
much to those families hit
by the recession. To
them, it boils down to
how they’re to feed their
kin, how to pay the rent
and when a job will be-
come available.

Desperate

Struggling families: are |

making desperate pleas to
welfare organisations for
help. Twenty eight White
schools are running fee-
ding schemes. More than
2.000 people of all races
are being employed daily
by the municipality in a

Government funded jobs”

scheme.

The Johannesburg City
Council is operating the
sheltered employment
scheme with the R5-mil-
lion allocated to it from
the R600-million the go-
vernment made available
for such schemes.

Everyday, more tnan
2.000 people are collected
in municipal trucks to be
taken to work in parks,
where the women per-
form light manual labour
— planting grass — or in
the council offices doing
clerical work. They are
paid R15 a day.

Schools, churches, hos-
pitals and clinics are run-
ning feeding schemes.
One organisation doing a
sterling job helping the
destitute is the Jimmy O*
Connor Welfare Service
Club.

It is feeding 97 families
and 12 schools in Doorn-
fontein, Jeppe, Joubert
Park and Cleveland
areas. Very often, it is
teachers in these schools
who see the children are
in need and contact the
welfare club.

Discreet

“We are very discreet
about it,” says the super-
intendent, known as C..
at the welfare club.
“Every fortnight, we
make up hampers for the
families so the children
can take them home. We
don’t want to embarrass
them. . They are very

good, very loyal to their
families.”

Mr Joe Gordon, vice-
chairman and trustee of

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

the welfare club, spends
every day visiting schools :
and interviewing children
in dire need of food. They
have to be certain of the
families desperation be-
fore adding them to their
already lengthy list. |

‘The organisation relies
on donations: from the
public, funds made by hi-
ring out their hall for
functions and street col-
lections. “Johannesburg
people are great,” Mr;
Gordon says. ‘

“I have been invited to
schools in Sandton and
Halfway House, where
I’ve been given cheques
for R2000; a load of.
cheese, food and milk:
powder which filled my
station wagon; jam and
soup and other cash dona-
tions. ‘Often we get
money in the post with no
name given. Just the
cash.”

Why does he do this
strenuous, often heart-
breaking job? “I adore
the little mites.” he says.
“I can’t bear seeing a sad
little face whether it’s

Black or White.”

Tiny kitchen

Tant Swannie Swane-
Poel lives in Jan Hof-
meyr. In May last year,
she started a_ feeding,


JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

DUTCH EMBASSY EMPLOYEE SUPPORTING ANC--Information has come to light that sug-
gests that the Netherlands government is giving aid to the ANC. In the Dutch
newspaper, SATERDAG TELEGRAAF, an article was recently published giving de-
tailed information concerning the abuse being made by the government of the
Netherlands of its diplomatic privileges at its embassy in Pretoria, in sup-
port of ANC terrorism. The article maintains that one Van der Weil, a former
undersecretary of the Dutch embassy in Maputo, was actively anti-American,
anticapitalist and pro-ANC. Some of Van der Weil's subordinates were in the
front ranks of a May Day parade.. Klaas de Jonge, who is still stationed at
the embassy of the Netherlands in Pretoria, and his wife, Helena Passtoors,
are known to have been introduced by Van der Weil to the ANC, the article
claims. [Text] [Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 1 Oct 86 p 16] 8117

PFP DISUNITY -- The slumbering discord between the left and right wing in the
official opposition has again come to a public outburst; this time over the
turbulent Mr Horace van Rensburg's sharp repudiation of attempts by some of
his comrades to cast suspicion on the youth centers operated by the Department
of Education and Development Aid. Prog spokesmen tried to extinguish the
fires yesterday. They deny that the PFP ever said the centers are bad. That
evasiveness does not dupe anyone; especially not after a Prog MP already said
the possibility exists that they can be regarded as "concentration camps." It
was also precisely because of all the insinuations that a visit to one of the
youth centers was arranged, inter alia, for a PFP delegation. The fracas puts
the Prog leader, Mr Colin Eglin, in the same dilemma that was probably
instrumental in his predecessor, Dr Van Zyl Slabbert, having gotten out of the
party so hastily. It is to be doubted whether Mr Eglin is going to manage
what Dr Slabbert could not do: cover up the unruliness in the party and end
the dissension over law and order and national security in particular. Mr
Eglin has already started by trying to pass off the latest uproar as being of
a minor nature. However, he is contradicted in the Prog press, which in the
past has reported on similar problems within the PFP's inner circle with less
zeal than in the case in question. They are even writing of a split and
guessing that Mr Van Rensburg's Prog membership is in trouble. This shows
just how plain the distrust is in the PFP. It now looks even less probable
that such a party is going to get itself established as the alternative
government. [Text] {Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 19 Sep 86 p 14] 13084

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61



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

PSYCHOLOGISTS REVEAL RLACK YOUTH REJECT PARENTAL AUTHORITY

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 10 Oct 86 p 9

[Text]

Black adolescents have rejected parental values

and become a significant political force in the

country.

This was the finding in a paper delivered yes-
terday at the Psychology Association of South
Africa annual congress in Johannesburg by Ms
Laura Smith and Dr Phillipa Clark, of the ap-
plied development research unit of the psycholo-
gy department of the University of Natal.

The findings indicate that the tradionally
strong adult-child authority relations have been
reveresed and parents have “lost control”.

“Black youths have become extremely politic-
ised and have given notice that they are not pre-

pared, as their parental generation was, to carry:

on waiting passively for the unjust apartheid sys-
tem to be changed,” the authors said.

The paper constitutes part of a broader re-
search project being applied by the university on
the intellectual development of Zulu school and
pre-school children.

It was found that the traditonally strong-bond-
ed black family appears to have been severely
disrupted by the machinery of the apartheid sys-

/13104
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67

tem such as the riigraat labour ‘system, influx
control and the Group Areas Act which has pre-
vented migration of intact families to the cities.

Family breakdown was illustrated by the fact
that 36 percent of the children could not give
biographical details of their fathers. ‘

Dealing with educational values, the findings
were that Zulu adolscents placed a high premi-
wm on intellectual achievement and qualifica

ons.

“Besides the intrinsic rewards derivable from
education, there is, in South Africa, a very signif-
icant political aspect to education.

“ Because blacks have no political rights and
are economically on the lowest rung, education
is seen as a doorway to equality on at least the
financial level. .

“The markedly inferior education system for
blacks, however, is also seen as a tool of political
subjugation. On the one hand blacks regard edu-
cation as a symbol of socio-polical inequality,
but on the other hand it is regarded as a tool for
liberation and equality.

“Recently, however, it appears they deem it:
necessary to choose between education and liber-.
ation and militant youth have chosen liberation,”
the authors said. H



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

ZIMBABWE

RENAMO, SITHOLE REPORTEDLY SIGN AGREEMENT
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 3 Sep 86 p 3

(Unattributed article: "Sithole Concludes Agreement -- Mugabe Target of
Guerrilla Attack"]

[Text] The Zimbabwean regime of Mr Robert Mugabe may perhaps have to deal
with a guerrilla fight on its eastern border. DIE AFRIKANER learns from a
reliable source that the minister of foreign affairs of Renamo, Mr Arturo da
Fonseca, last week concluded an agreement with an exiled Zimbabwean
politician, Rev. Ndabaningi Sithole, according to which Rev. Sithole's
supporters will obtain bases in Renamo-controlled parts of Mozambique in order
to operate against Mr Mugabe from them. A spokesman for Renamo stated that
his organization does not like to get involved in conflicts in neighboring
countries, but Mr Mugabe's action to militarily support the communist Frelimo
regime in Mozambique does not leave Renamo any other choice. According to
reports, four thousand Zimbabwean troops are now defending the railway and
pipeline between Beira and Mutare, which are regularly put out of operation by
Renamo by attacks on railway stations and pumping installations.

Leader

Reverend Sithole was a leading figure among black parliamentary members in the
last Rhodesian parliament. He was at the head of an organization known as the
African National Council and took part in the Lancaster deliberation, where
Rhodesia got a black government. After that, however, he disappeared from the
political scene and lived in exile in Washington, where he received financial
support from conservative Americans who would like to see a democratic
government in Zimbabwe.

Agreement

Reverend Sithole's agreement with Renamo comes at a period when Mr Mugabe's
peace negotiations with his old opponent, Mr Joshua Nkomo, have failed and
questions are being asked about the position of the Ndebele guerrillas who are
still offering resistance to Mr Mugabe. If guesses that Rev Sithole is now
acting on behalf of the Ndebele guerrillas are correct, Mr Mugabe will
probably be required to withdraw his troops from the Beira railway.

12



/13104
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which Anglo American holds the remain-
ing 90%. The total area of interest in
which Anglo American and GFSA are
drilling extends about 40km from north
to south. -

An independent consulting geolo;
said he was satisfied that cveotuall at
least three gold mines could be estab-
lished — two by Anglo American and one
by GFSA.

He said: “Anglo American and GFSA
are drilling five boreholes south of Ger-
hardminnebron. At least two are said to
have yielded encouraging values.”

95



skin. We feel that this matter should be pursued further in parliament. Too
much capital is already leaving the country by illegal channels. We can
certainly attribute this to the Reserve Bank's policy, a policy which will
evidently make residents of South Africa who do have to seek their salvation
here sit with empty shells after a while. We have already seen a lot in the
world, but we are at a loss for words to describe the government's naivete.

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17



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

KLIP RIVER BY-ELECTION ANALYZED
Cape Town DIE BURGER in Afrikaans 20 Sep 86 p 10

[Column by Dawie: "A Pebble on the Water Which is Perhaps Going to Make Far
Ripples")

[Text] What started as a very quiet by-election suddenly ended with a bang
this week in Klip River. That outcome is now being given the sort of value
which has made certain by-elections of the past famous as precursors of bigger
things that were coming. Politicians are looking at Klip River from all sides
and trying to determine their future strategies and actions according to it.
The outcome indeed has a lot to tell.

Foot in Door

Let's just get the perspective right first. There are elsehwere in the
country many other local and regional factors which can tip the scale. Klip
River cannot speak on behalf of the whole country, but it is still fairly
representative. Ladysmith, the main town in the constituency, is a large
railway center with many Transport Services workers. There are town dwellers
and farmers in the constituency; Afrikaners and English-speaking persons.
People from the far right to the far left claim that they have a foot in the
door in Natal.

Conscience Soothed

If such a constituency talks with a clear voice, people ought to listen, and
listen right; not like certain elements of the Progressive Federal Party.
One of the Prog newspapers reasons like this: the National Party has swung to
the right in the by-election and in this way has seen to it that it keeps the
votes of many rightists. The newspaper soothes the Prog conscience with that.
But how about the large number of English-speaking people who, according to
all evidence, voted for the NP this time? Would they have done that if they
really believed the PFP and regarded the NP as a party of stagnation? Also
important is the fact that the PFP did not even put up a candidate at all in
this Natal constituency, even after they were still trying in 1981. Is this
not a sign of the decadence going on in a party which points out how it is
going to take over the government soon?

46



/13104
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3400/268

never before ‘possible ii this"eoun

“By stimulating ‘the possibilities;
for trade, and opening the door to
wider international trade
ities, we will stimulate the econ-
omy of the region as a whole.

‘Although sanctions mean South.
African interest is centred‘ at: the:
moment on international trade, ex-
perience elsewhere has shown‘that
about 70 percent of a trade centre's.

to the giant of his: sector;. the-for-!
eign manufacturer. next.to:his loca
counterpart,” says Mr Swart...

“The same chances for success:
are offered to everyone and the.re--
sultant competition makes. for.
greater efficiency “and greater ace?

tivit

benefits accrue to small
and: medium-sized retailers:who do.
not have the travel budgets needed
to visit other countries to push their

~ Letting for’ the’ céntre- is: bring
handled by RMS Syfrets.

91



From Abroad

Mr Linda said the party will definitely recruit white candidates to put them
up in the next white general election. The party also intends to recruit
Coloreds and Indians and has promised to hold meetings for moderate blacks.
He said he cannot yet say whether the party will take part in the proposed
National Council. The UCCP also expects financial support from abroad, but Dr
Mokoena stressed that the government is not financially backing the new party.
He and Mr Linda left for London last night, where they are having talks today
with various Conservative members of parliament. Dr Mokoena said the UCCP is
opposed to any form of violence. "There is no place in a local solution for
people who commit acts of violence." He made an appeal to people who advocate
violence to remember that the lives of numerous innocent people have already
been taken by terrorism. Dr Mokoena characterized the ANC as a "Xhosa clique"
which is no longer the same organization as the one founded in 1912. "If the
ANC renounces violence, I will support the release of Nelson Mandela and the
lifting of the ban on the ANC," he said.

Strong Voice

The UCCP will not negotiate with the UDF or Azapo either. Mr Linda said he
doubts whether the UDF is striving for Christian principles. To a question
whether radical groups would act against members of the UCCP, Mr Linda said
the voice of moderate blacks is too strong to be frightened off by a radical
minority. "We are a voice which people will have to listen to."

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29



Talk

In the meantime, Mr Da Fonseca had a long talk with a senior official of the
White House in Washington, Mr Patrick Buchanan. Renamo is seeking
understanding for the situation in Mozambique from President Reagan" s
administration, and also showed Mr Buchanan proof that much of the American
aid being granted to the communist Frelimo regime does not reach its
destination as a result of the corruption reigning in Maputo. Mr Buchanan was
the American official who on behalf of President Reagan conducted many of the

negotiations that led to the granting of American arms assistance to Dr Jonas
Savimbi's Unita movement in Angola.

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13



REGIONAL PLAN LEADS TO CONFLICT IN EAST TRANSVAAL

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 13 Oct 86 p ll

[Text]

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The division of South Africa into nine development re-
gions is running into problems as towns compete for the
siting of regional offices.

The conflict is to be brought to the attention of the
Minister of Constitutional Development and Planning, Mr
Chris Heunis.

The Regional Services’ structures — which are to re-
place the provincial system — have been widely criti-
cised by farmers, businessmen and politicians,
Government is determined to carry on with its plans.

Now new tensions are surfacing.

The Government has established a large number of
régional offices in Nelspruit which falls into region F —
together with the. whole of the Eastern Transvaal, includ-
ing the highveld and lowveld,

It is feared in some quarters this will lead to the:
regional seat of second tier Government being estab-
lished in the lowveld while most of the region’s popula~
tion and the major industries are sited in the highveld. :

Suggestions to divide the region into two have not been
accepted and the Management Committee of the Region-
al Development Advisory Committee is to take up the
matter with the Minister.

Problems have also surfaced in region D — the East-’
ern Cape — where the Development Advisory Council for:
the region has the task of trying to reconcile the interests
of Transkei, Ciskei, East London and Port Elizabeth,
which in many instances are in direct competition with:
each other. i

There have also been calls for the areas to be split. i

57

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA



19987

Briefs

SATS Falls Into Deficit, by Mike Collins
SATS To Phase Out Subsidy Program, by David Furlonger

French Electrical Giant To Stay
Vlaks To Resume Underground Mining

102
102

103
103


113104
CSO:

‘An exception ma be thé gas field '
project at ose Bay, conrtrttion of
which is scheduled

will continue to intensify. in

decade, with the rate of black popula-
tion growth rising to as high as 8%
annually. “It’s quite frightenin;
extent to which people are fi to.
the city, and we see evidence of that

every day,” said Volkswagen MD Pe-

Although the construction ind

is. ex) to benefit from the
growth of black housing, it will not
create the economic activity required
r population. “We
don’t see much new employment

g

3400/265

89

available in the area,” said
National Automobile and Allied
Forkery Union . regional secretary

_ “Duty-free port :



during a speech on private schools in the Volksraad. He then announced that a
private school which according to law was already registered as a private
school for white children would be considered registered. Conditions only had
relation to the quality of education and related matters. Schools with a
higher success figure would be considered for the 45 percent subsidy.

The events around private schools are almost an exact repetition of the
government's action in 1983, when racial quotas for universities were dropped.
At that time the government wanted to restrict universities as regards the
admission of non-white students after the number of non-white students at
white universities had started to increase alarmingly. However, the English-
speaking universities in particular offered vehement resistance and the
minister of national education at that time, Dr Gerrit Viljoen, announced that
the system would not be applied. As a defense, Dr Viljoen announced that he
had come to the conclusion that the universities' policy would not lead to an
essential change in their composition. The University of Cape Town later
announced that it was aiming at eventually having a majority of black
students. It was recently also announced that the a quarter of the students
at the University of Natal are already non-white.

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34


AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT TC CHANGE FOLLOWING GOLD DISCOVERY

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 14 Oct 86 p 17

[Article by Andre du Toit]

[Text]

Potchefstroom ‘could change
dramatically within the next
decade and become part of
an urban complex with plans‘
now being drawn up to mine
the deep gold reefs around
the town, says Professor Pe-
trie Schutte, Director of the
Bureau for Manpower, and
Personnel Management at
Potchefstroom University.

- Breakthroughs have been
made in mining gold. at depths
of five to six kilometres. It was
the depth of the reef that had
held up development, Professor
Schutte said.

Commenting on’ the latest
confirmation of viable gold
finds in the area of Potchef-
stroom, Professor Schutte said:~
“Negotiations are under way be-
tween Potchefstroom Munici-
pality and a number of ‘gold
mining companies on the buying
of land.”

* Professor Schutte said the
municipality covered a large
area.

“Apart from the borehole re-
sult announced yesterday con-
firming a rich gold find 30km
north of Potchefstroom, drilling’
is also being done within the
municipal area.”

LARGE TRACTS

Yesterday’s test result that
caused all the excitement in
Potchefstroom was of a bore-
hole on the farm Gerhardminne-
bron, announced by New Central

96

Wits, which is part of the Anglo
American group.

Professor Schutte said these
developments could. change
large tracts of the Western
Transvaal, especially the
Klerkdsdorp/Orkney/Potchef-
stroom belt, and not least the
quiet university town itself.

“You enjoy all the facilities
here, yet it is still farmland all
around. An influx of mine work-
ers could change the social
make-up of the town.

JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

“As an economist I am excit-:

ed about all these developments,
but Potchefstroom won’t be the
same.” he said.

“As things are now, the bi
ness community and the munici-
pality focus all their attention
on the university. With the com-
ing of the mines, that communi-
ty could’ become more impor-
tant.”

Another aspect that Professor
Schutte’s Bureau finds worrying
is the estimated 20 million
blacks from the drought-strick-
en farmlands of the Western
Transvaal and Bophuthatswana
who will flock to Klerksdorp
and Orkney.

“Many people still think they
will be prosecuted if they sim-
ply flock to those towns. But
‘once they come to realise that it.
is legal, they will move in large:
numbers in search of jobs.”



JPRS-SSA-86-114
17 November 1986

SOUTH AFRICA

UNENFORCED STATUS OF GROUP AREAS ACT ROUSES WHITE ANGER
Pretoria DIE AFRIKANER in Afrikaans 10 Sep 86 p 1, 13

(Unattributed article: "Thousands of Non-Whites in White Residential Areas --
Group Areas Act Becomes Powerless"]

[Text] Whites are furious about official confirmation that prosecutions as a
consequence of the Group Areas Act have now been virtually stopped.
Inhabitants of white residential areas which are subject to encroachment by
non-whites expressed their shock last week over the course of affairs. There
is consensus of opinion that the government has for a long time no longer paid
heed to complaints in this connection and does not at all intend to enforce
the Group Areas Law. The attorney general of the Transvaal, att'y Don
Brunette, told a Johannesburg newspaper last week that there have no longer
been "serious" prosecutions as a result of the Group Areas Act for quite some
time. He stated to another newspaper that violations of the act are being
"overlooked." The president of the Institute of Real Estate Agents, Mr Norman
Nel, reportedly said that his organization does not want to do anything about
the matter. The police are not doing anything either; it therefore appears as
if mixed residential areas are an accomplished fact.

The announcement that the police are prosecuting only in extreme cases
explains the fruitless trouble whites have had for years in residential areas
which are being penetrated by non-whites. Residential areas which have been
affected especially severely are the Johannesburg neighborhoods of Mayfair,
Hillbrow, Berea and also downtown. White residents have been trying to spur
the government to action for more five years already without success. The
government's failure to act has resulted in an estimated 30,000 non-whites
already now living in those areas. According to observers, downtown
Johannesburg is for all practical purposes already a black residential area.
DIE AFRIKANER also received reports last week of non-white encroachment in
Benoni and at the Western Transvaal town of Zeerust. Three Indian families
calmly settled in a white residential area at Zeerust. The town council
lodged a complaint with the police, but had to learn in astonishment that the
attorney general refuses to prosecute. Those involved, whose comments were
requested by DIE AFRIKANER, responded furiously. Mr Neville Chambers,
chairman of Mayfair's Taxpayers' Association, said that neighborhood's people
are shocked and disillusioned. The association's executive board is being
convened soon, and then further action will be decided on. Mr Alan McCabe,

37