sidium although, as the
date approaches, some
critical problems are
developing.

Among them are how
to strike a credible bal-

ance between promise |

and performance and
how to co-ordinate poli-
cy between the various
European parties on
the one hand, and be-
tween the African
states on the other.
Several preliminary
meetings are planned
before the Arusha con-
ference, to refine policy
Proposals.
Organisational as-
pects have been en-
trusted to the French
Socialist Party. I am
told that “the SI's posit-
ion on economic sanc-
tions has not been
agreed upon, although
oil sanctions will not
figure prominently.”
The go-ahead for the
Arusha meeting was
given at a two-day SI
meeting in Helsinki on
May 26 and 27. The de-
bate concerning the SI
initiative centred on
two principal points in
a report submitted by
Bernard Curial:

1, “Parties and gov-
ernments controlled by
socialists must be ready
and willing to imple
ment concrete meas-
ures in favour of Black-
ruled African nations.

“Tt must become fully
clear at Arusha that
the SI envisages its fu-
ture with Black Africa,
and that this implies
that relations between
Pretoria and.the social-
ist governments of
Europe must be reduc-

cso: 4700/1597

2. Unlike Latin Ame-
rica, “SI has no local
parties to act on its be-
half.” Therefore, “SI
members should fully
appreciate that they
must take the unusual
step of working directly
through such Marxist-
Leninist parties as An-
gola’s MPLA and Mo-
zambique’s Frelimo.”

Curial added that the
welcome given the SI
delegation earlier this
year both in Luanda
and Maputo “has con-
vinced SI leaders that
such a course is feas-
ible, although there is
an acute awareness
that problems could
emerge if those parties
seek to push the SI too
far in a radical direc
tion.”

Fears were expressed
at the Helsinki meeting
“that European social-
ist parties would be
asked to supply military
equipment and be re-
quired to adopt unac-
ceptably critical posit-
ions in relation to US
policy in Southern Afri-
ca.”

A further two-day
meeting of European
socialist parties was
held in Brussels at the
beginning of July, to co-
ordinate. their policies
and to obtain.the sup-
port of pan-European
organisations such as
the EEC and the Euro-
pean Parliament.

Still another meeting
will be held in Harare
next month between
the SI and representa-
tives of the frontline
states to prepare the
agenda for Arusha.

55

Although no firm
date has yet been set
down for the Arusha
conference, it will prob-
ably be held before
Christmas, as SI’s next
general assembly will
take place in Sydney,
Australia, in March
1983.

In Europe, SI leaders
are extremely busy on
behind-the-scenes _ef-
forts to co-ordinate the
respective positions of
the EEC socialist par-
ties.

In particular, Willy
Brandt is lobbying in
Bonn to ensure that
West Germany aligns it-
self behind France, this
despite protests from
moderates within the
SPD.

Olof Palme has as-
sured the SI_ that
should the socialists be
returned to power in
Sweden in next Septem-
ber’s Parliamentary
election, they will
throw their full weight
at Government level be-
hind any SI decisions on
economic action or
sanctions against
South Africa.

__Similar guarantees
“have come from the
socialist parties of
Portugal and Spain.

Against this back-
ground, a major pre-oc-
cupation of French
socialists is the possibil-
ity of an SPD defeat in
the 1983 German legis-
lative elections.

It is feared that the
loss of German support
would spell the death
knell for the SI’s plan-
ned action against
South Africa. —

Still another subject
of concern is the effect
of the presence of the
Israeli Labour Party at
Arusha. In the event of
continued high ténsion
in the Middle East, it is
feared Moscow could
insist that Angola and

posing sactions on
South Africa has not
been finally abandoned.
Piet Dankert is particu-
lar favours both disin-
vestment and an oil em-
bargo.

Although the EEC
nations are not signifi-
cant exporters of oil,
they are vital in the
field of corporate in-
volvement.

The RSA’s_ Black

“ neighbour states have

told SI that straight
forward sanctions
against the RSA could.
penalise them severely.

Mozambique’s Presi-
dent Samora Machel es-
pecially stressed that
the main issue should
not be _ sanctions
against South Africa,
“but rather solidarity
with the frontline
states”.

That is where the
“tax” on EEC imports
plan came in. SI’s over-
all view now is that an
“economic garotte” of
the RSA could prove ef-
fective only if it went
hand-in-hand with an
increased transfer of
resources to the front-
line states themselves,
so enabling them to
build up their econ-
omies and _ diversify
away from the Repub-
lic



FRG PROVIDES LOAN FOR WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

LIBERIA

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 2 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

A toan agreement for seven
nillion deutsche. mark,nearly,
$3 million, was Thursday
signed between the Govern-
ments of Liberia and the
Federal Republic of Germany
for the. implementation of
the Kakata pipe-borne water
project. .

Foreign Minister H. Boima
Fahnbulleh signed on behalf
of the Liberian. Government,
while the German Ambassador
to Liberia,Hans H. Freundt
signed for his government
during ceremonies at the
Foreign Ministry jn Monrovia.

“Speaking at. the .occasion,

Minister Fahnbulleh noted

that inspite of global
economic recession, the
Federal Republic of Germany

has not relented in her,

humanitarian gestures to-
wards African nations.

He said the provision of
"clean water" for.the people
of Kakata was a step towards
eliminating the world-wide
problem of water pollution

4700/1608

22

to “which the: United Nations
has.now addressed itself.

He said the gesture was @
manifestation of, the close
ties between Liberia and the
Federal Republic of Germany,

and also serves to further
cement the friendship —be-
tween the two countries.

Ambassador Freundt said the
loan was in tine with the
German Philosophy governing
aic to developing countries.

He said this philosophy
subscribes to the implemen-
tation of development pro-
jects that benefit a larger
portion of the people rather
than the undertaking of pre-
stigious projects that only
benefit a small portion of
the people.

The German Ambassador
assured his government's con-
tinued assistante to Liberia.

The Kakata water project
which is expected to
commence by the end of this
year, will be completed by
the end of 1983. - LINA



JPRS 81457

5 August 1982

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2670
CONTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
Briefs
Small-Businesses Meeting 1
ANGOLA
Editorial Reproaches Catholic Episcopate
(Editorial; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 26 Jun 82).. 2
BOTSWANA
Briefs
Coal Mine Study . 4
CAPE VERDE
: New Agreements Signed With Cuba at Havana Meeting
(VOZ DI POVO,.10 Jun 82)......... eee ween eee eneee sew eweeee 5
CHAD
Foreign Minister Complains of Habre's Rebellion, Libyan
Withdrawal
(Acyl Ahmat Interview; AL-MAJALLAH, 19-25 Jun 82).. 6
GUINEA-BISSAU
PAIGC, CPSU Strengthen Relations
(NO PINTCHA, 19 Jun 82)...cccccceeesccecscvcscceees seeecee 10

LIBERIA

Fahnbulleh Discusses U.S., Liberian Relations
(Mlanju Reeves; DAILY OBSERVER, 6 Jul 82)................. 12

-a- {III - NE & A = 120)



CSO:

This was a gross dis-
tortion of the facts,
Chief Buthelezi said:
“Unrest in the area has
nothing to do with
Zulu intimidation or
Mngomezulu people
wanting to be Swazis.

“It is simply a mat-
ter of a civil dispute
about succession to a
chief's position, being
carried out from Swazi
soil where there is no
law and order. and
from where people can
make unprovoked at-
tacks on legitimate
authority.”

He also disputed the

4700/1609

claim made by the
Swazi Minister of For-
eign Affairs in a tele-
vision interview re-
cently. that Zulus had
on two occasions.
when Zulu and Swazi
delegations had gone
to Swaziland and Kwa-

‘Zulu. offered no objec-

tions to the proposed
inclusion of Ingwa-
vuma into Swaziland.

“This is slanderously
false. At every oppor-
tunity I and my col-
leagues in the KwaZulu
Legislative Assembly
have objected to any
suggestion of including
the Ingwavuma district

64

into Swaziland.”

He continued: “In a
situation so fraught
with danger and so
threatening of deep’
mitts between the Swa-
zis and the Zulus, it is
tragic that people in
high office in Swazi-
land will talk  insul-
tingly about King:
Dingane.

“The Zulus revere
tmeir royaiy and take

deep umbrage at an at-
tempt by the Swazis to
use a political situation
of their making to in-
sult the Zulu people by’
talking about their
kings with contempt." _



SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK TRADITIONS WHICH MUST BE OBSERVED IN ADVERTISEMENTS
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 26 May 82 p 19 —_—

[Text] The new television services, TV-2 and TV-3, have made it possible
for advertisers to reach a large group of black consumers which could not
be reached before. Mandie Grobler went to talk to Grant Shakoane of an
international advertising agency (J. W. Thompson) to find out if there is
a difference in the approach to advertising between IV-1, TV~2 and Tv-3.

For the South African Broadcasting Corporation-TV (SABC-IV) advertising is
one of the greatest sources of income. With the establishment of the new
TV services, TV-2 and TV-3, the question now arises as to whether the
advertising in these new services is to be approached in the same manner
as is done in TV-1.

According to Grant Shakoane, of the J. W. Thompson international advertising
agency, the answer is yes and no. The approach remains the same, especially
with regard to products for multiracial consumption.

The theme remains the same throughout. The difference between white and
black advertisements lies in the background and in the idiom in which it is
written. It is this difference which determines whether an advertisement is
going to be successful or not. Many of the advertisers who advertise on TV-1
are ignoring this. The advertisement is then recorded with black actors ~
only and shown without any adjustments on TV-2 and TV-3. These advertise-
ments can only end up in failure.

Grant explained a few things that entail differences:
Scenes where the family sits around the table to eat will not be accepted--
in a black family the children do not eat together with their parents; this

is a sign of respect.

The reaction and interaction of members of a family with respect to each
other is important.

If a husband-wife relationship is pictured the wife must wear a wedding ring,
otherwise the advertisement will not be accepted as the truth.

75



LIBERIA

FAHNBULLEH DISCUSSES U.S., LIBERIAN RELATIONS
Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 6 Jul 82 pp 1, 8

[Article by Mlanju Reeves]

[Excerpt] The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dr H. Boma Fahnbulleh, has
called on the American government to win friends and be influential through
logical arguments.

This, he said, would win the admiration of those who yearn for freedom and
keep as lasting partners those who fight for justice and dignity.

Speaking Saturday at a reception marking the 206 independence anniversary

of the United States of America, which was held in the embassy's vicinity,
Minister Fahnbulleh said America, with its history, tradition and experience,
has a major responsibility in advancing understanding among nations and
peoples.

He said America has a moral obligation to promote peace and unity among
peoples of different cultures and inclinations.

Minister Fahnbulleh hoped that the United States will make the world safe
for the children of today and for generations yet unborn as a result of the
accumulation of 206 years of experience for the furtherance of peace, justice

and dignity.
Survival.

On Liberian-American relations, Dr Fahnbulleh lauded U.S. assistances to
Liberia and said it had come in the hours of greatest need.

He said over the past two years there was a gradual increase in U.S. aid to
Liberia and praised U.S. Ambassador William L. Swing and his staff for the
manner in which Liberian problems were presented to the American government
and its people.

Dr Fahnbulleh also noted the historical and cultural proximity between the
two nations and said there was similarity in growth.

12



For example, if the government in Mbabane were to be driven into the same
views as those of the wild men of Maputo this beautiful little country
could become a springboard for terrorism against South Africa overnight.

It is therefore unthinkable that the policy makers of Pretoria are not
looking at this problem with the necessary attention.

Certainly in Mbabane itself profound consideration to the immediate future
must have been given since long ago.

King Sobhuza II was born a year before the outbreak of the Second Freedom
War. He has become an institution, almost a way of thinking and doing, like
Queen Victoria.

When he dies there will be a vacuum which will not be easy to fill. This
will also be offering an opportunity for stirring up trouble to all sorts
of elements which are inimical to South Africa in particular and to capital-
ism in general.

Even cautious observers do not want to predict what can happen after
Sabhuza's death. The fact is that it is not an absolutely foregone con-
clusion that Swaziland will not just continue to go on with its peaceful
course.

Against this background South Africa will have to watch events in Swaziland
very carefully. This is not just a matter having to do with the incorpora-
tion of Kangwane.

7964
cso: 4701/101

70



CASH SHORTAGE IMPEDES GOMA POWER HOUSE PROJECT

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in

[article by Joe S. Kappial

[Text]

‘The generators donated by the
Government of Liberia to elec-
trify county districts in Nimba
County are still unroofed at the
project site in Gompa City.

The generators have been in
Gompa for over six months now
but no power house has yet been
constructed to house the
machines because of lack of
funds.

This was disclosed in an inter-
view on July 5 in Gompa City by
the City Mayor, Gen. John N.D.
Flomo. He said that construc-
tion of the power house has not
yet begun because of lack of suf-
ficient funds tp advance the con-
tractors.

Out of $40,000 needed to
commence the work, only
$10,000 is available.

He added that the collection
of $10 per hut has been slow and
donations expected from com-
panies and concessions were
barely pouring into the coffers

cso? 4700/1608

English 8 Jul 82 p 3

of the project.

In order to make the collec-
tion forceful, the Superinten-
dent of Nimba County, Brig.
Gen. Joseph Farngalo has writ-
ten commissioners to start rein-
forcing the $10 collection per
hut.

As chairman of the electrifica-
tion project, Gen. Flomo
disclosed that the building
materials available can start the
job but the money to advance
the contractors is not sufficient.
This has made the project to
come to a standstill, he said.

He described citizens of Gom-
pa City who have adopted a,
passive role in the development
project. He said though the
citizens of Gompa expect light
too soon, those that have paid
the $10.are a minority.

He used the opportunity to
appeal to the publi¢ to forget
about back-biting and focus
- their hinds on “the light

28

LIBERIA

business”’. .

According to chairman
Flomo, if all the-citizens pay the
.$10 per hut, the money will be
sufficient. Asked how the money
was being collected, he said that
chiefs collect from their people,
report to’ commissioners who

“ater present the amount to hirr

‘When the light proj.<t--s com-

; pleted, it will serve Saniquellie-
Mah and Saclepea-Mah Districts
| and other surrounding villages
' and towns. This will help in-
dustrialize the region, thereby
° poosting the agrarian economy,
leading more people into pro-
duction. The outcome will be
improved standard of living.
The people of this area have
been -crying for light for too
long. Two new generators are
now standing in the rain,
unroofed, It is over six months
now since the leaders have been
appealirig to citizens to make
| this dream a reality.



GREAT ZIMBABWE BOOK SPARKS ROW

Harare THE HERALD in English 9 Jul 82 p 8

[Article by Peta Thornycroft]

[Text]

AN archacologiet from
South Africa _ ‘who
wrote the now with-
drawn guidebook on
Great Zimbabwe has
been invited to contri-.
bute to the new offi-

cial script for the an--

‘tient buildings.
Professor Tom Huffman,
an American archaeologist
from the University of
the Witwatersrand, Johan-
mesburg, who wrote the
previous guidebook which
subtely perpetuated the
settler myth that Great
Zimbabwe could have been
buflt by foreigners, was
chosen to co-author the
latest official book on the
subject. .
He was chosen ahead of
several Zimbabwean autho-
rities on the monument,
including Mr Peter Gar-
lake. .

Mr. Garlake is « Zim-
babwean citizen returned

‘to the country. after he

went into exile following
a clash over the origin of
the monument with the
RF Government in .1970,
he said.

Professor Huffman has
been invited back by
National Museums and
Monuments.

He co-wrote the book
with s&. Zimbabwean his-

‘America to take up a post
at Great Zimbabwe: .

Mr Des Jackson, execu-
tive director for National
Museums and Monuments,
said yesterday: “Professor
Hoffman .was the best
man oF the job, and we
wanted the best.’

Mr Garlake, while in
exile, wrote a book on

Great Zimbebwe which

was acclaimed all over
the world by scientists.

In 1969 Mr Garlake wes

by. the then RF

‘MP, Colone! George Hart-

“promoting the

notion” that the. “ruins”

nous people.

He said Mr Garlake’s
role in the Monuments
Commission ‘and his
statements on Great Zim-

pabwe, ‘were “pure con
jecture”, and the “theory”
was bound -

imptyiny that Gi it ‘Zim:
jreat ‘Zim
apy as bullt by 0 wide
variety of foreigners. -
He wrote that “many”
now held
the view that the ancient
monument had been con-
structed by Africans. 4
fi all fe
ee
dluded this from the early
‘of this century, in-
eluding Dr “Huffman in

99

Despite this, hundreds
of thousands of children
in Zimbabwe are still led
to believe from their his-

textbooks that con-
elusive. proof on the ori-
gins of Great Zimbabwe
remain @ mystery,
. “Tam not the only Zim-
babwean who has been
grerlooked,” said Mr Gar-

“There are several other
com it. archaeolo;
here who could have done
an excellent job on the

book. What irks me is that
the present co-author, who
ts by the way, technically
a competent archaeologist,
associated

previous regime’s ideology
in ® morally indefensible
way, and has now been
called in again.

jnas tarnished his scientific
reputation by mixing up
science with politics in his
book in 1973. We have

ZIMBABWE



The dynamic impetus groups, the people's militia, and other organs of people's
government will have to have military equipment in the nation's capital.

Militarized groups will be designated to assure peace and security, especially
in buildings, enterprises, and residential areas where diplomats and cooper-
ants live.

A traffic curfew will be instituted in the City of Maputo.

The wave of popular migration from the rural areas to the capital of the
country will be checked.

Measures taken with respect to the City of Maputo, regarding the idea of arm-
ing the people, will also be taken in other localities.

The democratic mass organizations will have to develop their. activities so as
to organize the entire population.

A prolonged action will have to be carried out to clean out all. drifters,
thieves, murderers, and criminals.

The entire population will have to defend itself against rumors, particularly
in population concentration areas (schools, hospitals, railroads, etc.); they
will have to report all suspicious stories as well as those who spread them
to the proper authorities.

President Samora Machel also described the ways in which the enemy agents act.
He said that, as far as they are concerned, they are trying to threaten the
revolution but the Revolutionary Military Court will take the measures neces-
sary with regard to those agents who will be subject to punishment under the
provision of the Law on crimes against the security of the people and the
state. The chief of state identified them as follows:

Spies who sell the life of the people and the state secrets;

Persons who spread rumors and who start rumors as well as agitators who want
to cause panic, unrest, and intrigue;

Saboteurs of factories, enterprises, shops, cooperatives, railroads, and ser-
vices that are essential to the people;

Dishonest blackmarketeers and merchants who take products out of the normal
circuit;

Rapists, murderers, and persons responsible for other crimes that cause panic;
Those who corrupt our youth.

The supreme leader of the Mozambican revolution emphasized that these criminals
are the extension of the armed bandits who disturb the social order in the
country's cities.

5058

CSO: 4742/3412 35



SOUTH AFRICA

NEW ORDER: A CHANGE OF HEART IN WHITES AND COLOREDS NECESSARY
Johannesburg BEELD in Afrikaans 28 May 82 p 18

[Commentary by Johan de Wet: "An Attitude which Must Be Abandoned in a
New South Africa"]

[Text] You must have come across these two news reports. which appeared
side by side in yesterday's BEELD: A colored school in the Rand which
collected 700 rand for BEELD's Bible funds; the planned activities of a
colored chorus for the Pentecostal services at Port Elizabeth which had to
be cancelled because an old white person raised objections against them.
This week I read about two other incidents which gave me reason to think
about this strange world in which we live.

Refused

A chess competition at the University of Witwatersrand was so maneuvered that
one of the players who had scruples about playing against blacks managed to
get white opponents only. Behold...the black threat has been staved off!

Then in Athlon, Capetown, a colored school refused to accept a computer as
a gift, because the giver sponsored the tour of an English cricket team which
visited South Africa earlier this year.

How can you carry on with the Presidential Council's proposals. for a better
future with such an unruly lot?

Official

The colored chorus was to have performed in a school hall in Port Elizabeth,
presumably because the Dutch Reformed white congregation involved did not
yet have its own church building, but then the objection was raised. What
it came down to, was that the people managing the Cape Province's Department
of Education officially backed a decision of the school committee involved:
Due to the sensitivity of the matter it was better not to let the voices of
colored children help bring the message of salvation.

Rather not

Of course it's all right for colored youths to help defend our county's
borders. There is also nothing wrong for the coloreds to keep our armaments

60



NATIONAL ARCHIVES CENTER TO BE CONSTRUCTED

LIBERIA,

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 6 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

A 2.6 million dollars con
tractual agreement was Fri-‘
day signed at the Capitol
Building between the Libe
rian Goverment, through the _
;Commission ~ for ~ National
Redemption Day Anniversary,
and the Dura Construction
-and Maintenance Corporation. |

The ‘Dura Construction Com
pany is to.construct the Na-
tional Archives | Center to
-be located on Tubnan Boule-
vard in Sinkor, Monrovia.

Mr. D. Hene Johnson,

Secretary-General of the
Commission and Captain Ro-
land S. Wour, Deputy Minister
for Administration at the
Ministry of Rural Develop-
ment,’ signed for the Libe~
rian Government, while Mr.
Samir E. Kassouah, General
Manager of the company sign-
ed for his company.

Speaking at the signing
ceremony, Mr. Johnson said
the PRC Goverrment attaches

cso: 4700/1608

31

| tional Archives
»the overall development of
| the. country .

great importance to a Na-
Center in

He hoped that the Dura
Construction Company would

/measure up to the terms of
ithe agreement by fulfilling
“the PRC's dréam to have a

National Archives Center
dedicated during ‘the 1983
Redemption Day Celebration.

In remarks, Mr. Kassouah
assured that his company
would uphold the contractual

,agreanent: and said his cor-

poration was grateful for

‘the opportunity to partici-

pate in the development of
Liberia.

Also speaking at the cere-
mony, _ the General Chairman
of the Conmmission,. Major-
General’ J. Nicholas Podier,
said the project was a step
forward in the development
efforts of the PRC Govern-
ment. -LINA



BUTHELEZI REACTS TO SWAZI CLAIMS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 22 Jul 82 p 7

[text]

SWAZI CLAIMS TO the Ingwavuma areas were not gen-
uine and needed to be exposed as fraudulent to lessen con-
fusion in a situation which was fraught with danger, the
Chief Minister of KwaZulu, Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, said

in a statement to the Press yesterday.
Chief Buthelezi said the Swazi desperation for access to the I dian

Ocean was the heart of the matter.

He disregarded
Swazi claims concern-
ing the international
boundary between
Swaziland and South
Africa, saying their ar-
gument could be. used
against them.

“If the Mngomezulu
were cut in half by a boun-
dary. should the boun-
dary not be shifted to
the north. so that the
scattered remnant in
Swaziland could be re-
united with the main
body of the tribe living
around the seat of
their ancestral
power?” he asked.

He argued against
an official Swazi Press
statement in which
they stated that Zulus
had declared war on
British Natal and that
Zululand was annexed
by the British. The
paper made the point

that the Ingwavuma
people never partici-
pated in the war and
were therefore not de-
feated and that Swazis
had objected to the an-
nexation of Ingwa-

vuma into Natal. -)-

“The late annexa-
tion of the area north
of the Mkhuze River
had nothing what-
soever to do with the
issue we are facing.”
Chief Buthelezi said.
“Every student knows
that indirect rule was
British domination on
the cheap.”

In response to the
Swazi statement that
the Ingwavuma areas
were administered as a
trust area and “in pur-
suit of the policy of
apartheid and that in

63

SOUTH AFRICA

appeasement of
Gatsha Buthelezi,” the
territories had been
transferred to the
“KwaZulu Bantustan.”
Chief Buthelezi said.

“It befits no black
man to talk of an area
which blacks love be-
cause they and their
forefathers have lived
and died there as a
““Bantustan.” It is the
Swazis who now want
to connive with the

purveyors of apart-
heid.”

The Swazi statement

+ further said: “Result-

ing from this forced
cession a massive exo-
dus of people and their
chiefs from the Ingwa-
vuma area to the Lavu-
misa area took place.”



asked him for hiv com-

ments on’ the manuscript:
and he refused, 1

“Perhaps he is tryin;
to be some kind a
martyr. We simply wanted
the best mgn for the job,”

Mr Garlake relinquished
@ senior lecturing post at
London University to re-
turn to Zimbabwe after
independence at the in-

of

invited to lecture in Cape
‘Town on his subject, Great
Zimbabwe, in’ a few.
months.
meta mae
ma agonts'
shout whether ¥ should
_“h part of me wants to
dhow off Zimbabwe's suc-
cesses, and perhaps even
change a few people's
minds, and another part
of me says it is wrong
in any way to associate
myself with that disgust-
ing country.” . a
In an article published
today in Moto, Mr Gar-
lake: slams the state of
museums in Zimbabwe. .

“A. $3,6 million develop-
ment plan for Great Zim-
pabwe hag been unveiled.
It caters. for a million
tourists Car
parks,

ated tourist
ning over 6,5 km of new
tarred roads are planned,

village -schools of Zimbe-
bwe, the museum’s
important audience, need
none of this,

“They simple dor-.
taitories, why rooms and

norma) circumstan:
mands -a very erent
Tole of its museums,

cso: 4700/1606

museurrs have an abso
Iutely vital role in teach-
ing . ordinary working
People about themselves,
heir country, their his-
tory...”

Mr Garlake — writes:
“Many of those entrenched
in power in Zimbabwe
prior to independence do
not readily accept the
desirability. or. necessity
tor change; nor indeed can
they envisage a role for
museums different to their
eolonial role.”

100



The same source indicated that another two cargo vessels will be purchased
this year by NAVIQUE. With a capacity of 2,500 tons of cargo, the two ves-
sels will also be purchased from Spain.

An agreement to this effect has already been signed between the two parties
and all that is necessary is contact between the banking institutions of the
two countries to execute the contract.

The purchase of the first two cargo vessels as well as another two cargo ves-
sels which will follow significantly increases the capacity of the Mozambican
navigation enterprise, enabling it better to carry out the tasks assigned to
it in the area of maritime transportation.

The increase in the transportation capacity of the country's merchant. marine

will help reduce the chartering of foreign vessels with a subsequent saving
in foreign exchange for the country.

5058
cso: 4742/341

41



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

SEBE CRITICIZED--The international community has sent letters to Major-
General Charles Sebe, head of the Central Intelligence Service in the Ciskei,
protesting the continued detentions of people in the "homeland." The letters
follow the detentions of Mr Mzwandile Msoki and Mr Alfred Metele who were
arrested at a former Robben Island prisoner's funeral and a demonstration at
the University of Fort Hare, In a letter from Australia, Stephanie Lainley
says: "The continued detention without charge or trial is a violation of
human rights as expressed in the United Nations' Universal Declaration of
Human Rights." In another letter, Father Werner Heierle who belongs to a
group of Catholic and Protestant clergymen in Switzerland calls for the
immediate release of the two prisoners, "The release of the two prisoners
of conscience who did not infract any concrete law and made no use either

of threat nor of violence would be a good opportunity to demonstrate self-
government of the people of Ciskei.. Otherwise nobody in Switzerland will
recognize the internal autonomy of the Xhosas without the right to express
mourning for their dead and appreciation or disappreciation of those who
pretend to be representing the homeland," Mr Heierle says. [Text] [Johannes-
burg SOWETAN in English 16 Jul 82 p 6]

AID TO FARMERS--The suspension of some schemes qualifying farmers for
financial aid from the Agricultural Credit Board was announced last night
by the deputy Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mr Sarel Hayward.

In a statement in Pretoria, he said this had become necessary because of the
generally difficult conditions experienced in some farming areas in the
Republic, He thus had no choice but to temporarily suspend the following
assistance schemes from financing by the Agricultural Credit Board from
August 1. Soil conservation works; water supplies; eradication of invader
bush; the establishment and/or management of a private plantation; or the
financing of debts incurred for that purpose; housing for non-White farm
labourers and the purchase of private farmland.--Sapa [Text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 20 Jul 82 p 2]

CAR PLANTS STRIKE--Port Elizabeth--The strike by more than 10 000 workers at
the three big motor manufacturers in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage area
continued yesterday, despite an Industrial Council for the motor trade in
the Eastern Cape meeting held in the afternoon. Another attempt to nego-
tiate an end to the strike as preliminary to wage talks will be made at an
Industrial Council meeting on Thursday. The employers--Ford, General Motors

83



CAPE VERDE

NEW AGREEMENTS SIGNED WITH CUBA AT HAVANA MEETING
Praia VOZ DI POVO in Portuguese 10 Jun 82 pp 1-2

[Text] On 3 June in the Cuban Ministry of Foreign Relations, Silvino da Luz,
minister of foreign affairs, and his counterpart, Isidro Malmierca, signed
three agreements, one to discontinue visas, another on cultural exchange and
one on cooperation between the two ministries.

During the act of signing the agreements "attended by high officials of both
ministries, Comrades Silvino da Luz and Isidoro Malmierca expressed their
gratification over the excellent relations existing between Cape Verde and
Cuba. They made known their readiness to advance their constant reinforce-
ment, the important step in this direction, in accordance with the agreements
signed," as the Ministry of Foreign Relations emphasized in a press release
issued in Praia on 4 June.

The interministerial meeting of the Nonaligned countries Bureau of Coordi+
nation, at which Minister Silvano da Paz headed our delegation, ended last
Monday night, after having concluded that the Seventh Summit Meeting of the
Nonaligned Countries is to be held under favorable prospects of success because
of the wide participation recorded in this preparatory meeting, an event which
is usually interpreted as a good determining factor. According to FRANCE PRESS,
the final text adopted in Havana succeeded in avoiding the troublesome problem
of the need for a plan for holding the anticipated summit meeting in Baghdad,

a subject which was not even discussed in the committees. On leaving, Silvino
da Luz told our reporters that "every effort should be made for the conference
to be held in Baghdad," adding that to do this it would be necessary to steer
clear of the war situation between Iraq and Iran.

The final statement of the last ministerial meeting before the summit meeting
scheduled for September is considered to be the basic document of the confer-
ence and is seriously considering giving support to Argentina against the war
operations carried out by Great Britain.

It also records a hardening of its position condemning Israel by calling upon
all countries to refrain from either helping or fostering Zionist projects and
to abstain from sending them any military or humanitarian assistance whatever."
The statement devolves upon the summit meeting the responsibility of adopting
"concrete and decisive" measures against Israel, within the framework of the
General Assembly mandate, at the same time that it condemns the United States
for its "abusive" use of the veto in the Security Council. Minister Silvino
da Luz returns to Praia today.

8870
CSO: 4742/340



Comments of White Residents of Ingwavyuma Reported
(Ticks Chetty; SUNDAY TIMES, 4 Jul 82).......cccceececeece

New Order: A Change of Heart in Whites and Coloreds Necessary
(Johan de Wet; BEELD, 28 May 82)...cceccccccccceccccvccecs

Buthelezi Reacts to Swazi Claims
(SOWETAN, 22 Jul 82)....ccececcccveccccccecccessccescccnee

"I'll Lead Swazis to the End,' Says Mabuza
(Clyde Johnson; THE STAR, 2 Jul 82)..ccsscecccecsccccccece

Maintaining a Status Quo in Swaziland Extremely Important
(DIE VADERLAND, 31 May 82)....csccececccsnccscucesceescees

Young Ovambos Now Skeptical About SWAPO Educational Promises
(DIE TRANSVALER, 31 May 82)..cccsccccccccccccscccesccences

Inkatha Winds Up Anti-Deal Tour
(THE CITIZEN, 22 Jul 82)......ccccecccecccccsccecsveccees

Disorder Under Black Rule in Zimbabwe Deplored
(Editorial; THE CITIZEN, 16 Jul 82)........cceecececeeene

Black Traditions Which Must Be Observed in Advertisements
(DIE VADERLAND, 26 May 82)....ceecescceccccvcscceeseveses

Thousands Strike at Three Car Assembly Plants
(THE CLTLZEN, 16 Jul 82)... ..cceceveceevcvcccsccccesccees

Buthelezi Seeks UN Support on Land Deal
(Sam Mabe; SOWETAN, 16 Jul 82).........

Matanzima Scoffs at Land Claim
(THE CLTIZEN, 16 Jul 82).......

Court Told of ANC High-Out Underground
(Dan Marais; THE CITIZEN, 20 Jul 82).......

ANC Trial Told How Suspects Were Tortured
(SOWETAN, 16 Jul 82)........

Briefs
Sebe Criticized
Aid to Farmers
Car Plants Strike
Doctors Want Annual Raise
Coal Exports Contract
Bomb Attacks

58

60

63

65

69

71

72

73

75

77

78

79



MOZAMBIQUE

RESUMPTION OF CAPE VERDE, GUINEA BISSAU TIES EASES TENSIONS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 19 Jun 82 p 1
[Editorial]

[Text] The normalizing of relations between Cape Verde and ‘@rinea-
Bissau, which has just taken its first steps in Maputo following talks
between Aristides Pereira and Nino Vieira, has begun to dispel one of the
centers of tension and instability on the African continent so exposed to
this type of problem which favors only the enemies of liberation, peace and
justice.

The deterioration of relations between these countries, although they had never
come to blows, evident by their serious expressions, their displeasure with the
declarations and resolutions made by both parties, harmed the African people's
anticolontalist, anti-imperialist and anti-racist struggle.

This because the deteriorations affected not only relations between these
countries, but also spread to more extensive frontiers, affecting first of
all the relations of a historical nature among the old CONCP [Confetence of
National Organizations of the Portuguese Colonies] and going so far as to en-
danger the unity indispensable for the decisive moments of the Liberation
battle.

Because of the dissension between Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau, the heads of
state of five African countries--emerged in the struggle for national liber-
ation against Portuguese colonialism--could never again be reunited, The last
summit meeting was to be held last year in Bissau, but never took place be-
cause of the existing problems in relations between these two countries.

If we consider the role played by these five countries since they achieved
their independence, their position in the OAU, the United Nations and the Non-
aligned [Movement], to mention the main. international organizations, and if we
bear in mind the support they gave to Africa's liberation struggle, which in
the past 7 years has experienced a qualitative sudden rise of unequaled signi-
ficance, we will then understand the importance ... the establishment of rela~
tions between Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau has for our people.

We should, then, be pleased with the favorable solution which Aristides
Pereira and Nino Vieira found to solve their disagreements, because this made

38



SOUTH AFRICA

MAINTAINING A STATUS QUO IN SWAZILAND EXTREMELY IMPORTANT
Johannesburg DIE VADERLAND in Afrikaans 31 May 82 p 8

[Text] How serious is the pressure which Mozambique can still exercise, or
perhaps already exercises on the government of Swaziland to get this peaceful
kingdom to take on other views?

Like Malawi, Rwanda, Zambia Chad or Upper Volta, Swaziland is one of these
unfortunate countries without a coastline of their own.

Its closest harbor just happens to be the capital city of a Marxist republic
with completely different political opinions than those honored in Mbabane.

This is creating problems like the ones which will certainly be created in
the future (or may even be there now) for Malawi, a country which is like-
wise dependent on Mozambique for getting its imports and exports to an
accessible harbor.

While at that early stage Premier Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe was apparently
still convinced that he could make himself less dependent on South Africa and
ultimately would be able to channel his traffic to Beira and Maputo, not
everybody is so eager to depend on Mozambique. Ideological differences be-
tween Maputo and Harare are not of such a drastic nature. Both Samora Machel
and comrade Mugabe read Das Kapital and their interpretation of this inspired
text is certainly not so different.

However, things are different in a more tradition bound order of things as
in the case of Swaziland. The capitalistic system is flourishing in this
prosperous little kingdom--gambling houses and resorts for smashing weekends
included. The old TP and TJ cars which used to set out for Laurenco Marques
all the time nowadays are crossing the Swaziland border.

This has now become one of the playgrounds of the upper middle class, just as
the Seychelles were at one time and just as Mauritius still is.

However, the reason why this is now becoming a matter of principal interest
is not because of a daring movie or a couple of wild rounds at the gambling
table. To use a stereotyped word, Swaziland is of strategic importance to
South Africa.

69



BUTHELEZI SEEKS UN SUPPORT ON LAND DEAL

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 16 Jul 82 p 2

[Article by Sam Mabel

[text]

CHIEF Gatsha Buthelezi’s representa-
tives and members of the ANC are lob-
bying at the United Nations and drum-
ming up international support in oppos-
ing South Africa’s proposed incorpora-
tion of Ingwavuma and KaNgwane into

Swaziland.

This was said by Chief Buthelezi to a 2 000-
strong crowd at the Johannesburg City Hall
this week when he brought Swaziland’s King
Sobhuza I under heavy fire for collaborating
with South Africa in the land- -incorporation

deal. ~

Amid sustained
shouts of applause.
Chief Buthelezi also
condemned Swaziland
for being in the
“strange” company of
Colonel Gadaffi, whi
together with Pretori:
had resorted to TM:
selling diplomacy.”

He said Swaziland
would have the smell of
the South African pole-
cat when the incorpora-
tion deal gave it the sta-
tus of, Transkei. Bo-
phuthatswana. Venda
and Ciskei.

“It is not really In-
gwavuma and Ka-
Newane that are being
incorporated into Swa

cso: 4700/1597

land, but it is Swaziland
that. through this. deal.
is being incorporated
into South Africa
Chief Buthelezi s

He added that |

the
minority regime that
would be created in
Swaziland after the in-
corporation could  sur-

vive onty if
bolstered by the army.
the secret police and the
buying power of the
South African rand.
was the position with
Bophuthatswana a and
Ciskei.

brought closer to
detonation by the Gov-
ernment further push-
ing the incorporation is-
sue.

He said that.
cepting the land di
Swaziland was embarl
ing on a dangerous ex-
pansionist policy. which,
if successful. would lead
to_violent conflict.

The articulate South
African Swazi leider
also said that his and
Chief Buthelezi’s voices
were those of modera-
tion and that it was. out
of concern for peace in
SA that they warned of
disastrous consequences
in the incorporation
deal.

He said the Govern-
ment was stoking the
fires of resentment. ha-
tred and conflict.

The SACC’s Bishop
Desmond Tutu. who has
over the past vears-been
erheads with
uthelezi. also
warned of violence and
condemned the bantu-
stan policy for denying
blacks their birthright —
their citizenship.

78

SOUTH AFRICA

Chief Buthelezi also
praised the support, he
said he had received
from the Azanian Peo-
ple’s Organisation. He
said Azapo had demon-
strated African brother-
hood “in the face of the
worst ‘our common.
enemy can unleash to
destroy part of the Afri-
can family.”

He also thanked
Bishop Tutu for his sup-
port and the stand taken
by the ANC’s acting
president. Mr Oliver
Tambo. .

Other speakers at the
meeting. organised
jointly by Inkatha and
the Progressive Federal
Party (PFP), warned of
the violent conflict that
could result from the
Government's decision
to cede Ingwavuma and
KaNgwane to Swazi-
land. .

Mr Enos Mabuza. de-
posed Chief-Minister of
KaNegwane. said the sit-
uation was so tense in
KaNgwane that it was
like a highly explosive
time bomb that could be_



263146

JPRS. 81457

5 August. 1982

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No. 2670

Hh) 9160866)

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

FBIS
REPRODUCED BY g
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION’ SERVICE 120
Abe

US. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161



METALS SLUMP HITS 177 MINES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Jul 82 p 12

[Text]

cso:

HARARE. early
2.000 Zimbabwe's
mineworkers have
lost. their jobs... be=”
cause . the. current.
world recession. has
forced 177 mines to
close, the Minister of.
Mines,..Mr_ Maurice
Myagumbo, said on
Saturday. . - .

He told the opening
session of a conference
of Mining . Affairs:
Board members in Ha-
rare that the situation

was “very serious”, al-«

though he was optimis-
tic about the long-term
future. +

‘While some of the 163
gold mines affected,
which employed. 1 880

4700/1602

” workers, might be re-

opened by new opera-
tors, the future of a fur-
thet “> 120. ':workers’
remained in doubt after
14 base metal mines
closed.

“Market prices © for
our exports, particular’:
ly gold, asbestos, cop-"
per, cobalt, tantalite
and. tungsten have
fallen considerably over
the past 12 months
while costs- have con-
tinued to spiral,” he
said.

“The new minimum
wage structure came
into force in January
and increases in power
costs are due shortly. -

“Although the hard-
est hit is, perhaps, the

104

small gold miner, who

does not have the re-
sources to tide him over
these depressed times,
the larger mines have
also felt. the pinch of
the world recession.”

He said MTD Mangu-
la, Zimbabwe alloys and.
Empress Nickel Mine.
were among those seek-
ing government help to
maintain their opera-
tions,

Because of the cur-
rent recession, the in-
dustrialised countries,
which are the markets
for Zimbabwe’s  ex-
ports, were “unable, or
unwilling” to. finance
stockpiles thus forcing
Prices to. go down. —
Sapa. _

ZIMBABWE


PRC Approyes Pro Forma Fiscal Year 1982-1983 Budget
(NEW LIBEREAN, 9 Jul .82).....ccccecccencceccccccecceneese

Nation May Be Remoyed From ILO ‘Infamous Special List'
(Westmore Dahn; DAILY OBSERVER, 5 Jul 82)......... eee eeee

Minister Asks Firestone To Suspend Redundancy Measure
(DAILY OBSERVER, 5 Jul 82)....scecsseeveceeees seen cceeeee

U.S., Liberian Financed Military Housing
(DAILY OBSERVER, 1 Jul 82).......ceeeeeeeee eee eee e eens

Talks Held To Enable People To Take Part in Constitution
Referendum
(Westmore Dahn; DATLY OBSERVER, 8 Jul 82).........ceeeeee

FRG Provides Loan for Water Supply Project
(NEW LIBERIAN, 2 Jul 82)......eeeeeeeee eee e ence cen ceee

Negotiations on PRC's Largest Investment Package Conclude
(NEW LIBERIAN, 25 Jul 82)..... Deemer eee e rere ree eeeneees

Confiscated Properties of Former Officials Returned to Owners
(NEW LIBERIAN, 6 Jul 82)....ccecccccccvcccccscvccseceeeee

Further Strengthening of Liberianization Program Proposed
(Charles Gibson; NEW LIBERIAN, 8 Jul 82)........... eee eee

Faulty Cables Make It Difficult for 'LINA' To Disseminate News
(NEW LIBERTAN, 28 Jum 82)....cccccesccccccccccccccseecece

New Bong County Power Station Dedicated
(NEW LIBERIAN, 9 Jul 82)....cccccecerccccccccnccnceveeeee

Cash Shortage Impedes Goma Power House Project
(Joe S. Kappia; DAILY OBSERVER, 8 Jul 82).....eeceeeeeeee

PRC Speaker Claims To Be Victim of Forged Signature
(Klon Hinneh; DALLY OBSERVER, 30 Jun 82)....... eee eeneee

Saudi Arabia Donates Textbooks for Muslim Schools
(Arthur K. Massally; DAILY OBSERVER, 29 Jun 82)..

National Archives Center To Be Constructed
(NEW LIBERIAN, 6 Jul 82)..

Briefs
FRG Scholarship Recipient

14

16

18

19

20

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

31

32



"SUBSIDIES' TO SAVE OUR MINES, SAYS RAL

Harare THE BUSINESS HERALD

[Text]

CSO:

“SUBSIDISING”  Zimbs-
bwe's hard-pressed mining
industry is being con-
sidered as an .alternative
to devaluation by the
Government, suggests
RAL Merchant Bank,

‘With the viability of
many mining companies
now in doubt, pressure to
devalue has grown, but
the authorities have been
reluctant. to react to @
possibly temporary prob-
Jem by devaluing the dol-
lar. .

Instead, the respo
hee been to” underwaite
borrowing of some. com-

panies to help them re”

Tain in business.

In its latest guide to°

the economy, RAL says
that cost factors had
already shown that de-
valuation was unlikely to

be ef help for long under
present market conditions.

“More decisive steps are
thought Hkely to be vital
withm the next few
months if some of. the
more seriously affected
companies are to be
saved,” warns RAL,

ae ae a
involve paying for -
eraly at a rate sufficient
to keep the mining com-
panies in operation and
then recovering the differ-
ence between the world
market price and -the
domestic price from fore-
ign aid agencies ang local
taxpayers,

“On the assumption that
this would ‘only be a
short term necessity. the
idea is thought to be pre-
ferable to either a deva-

4700/1606

in English 15 Jul 82 pl

uation that would have
inflationary’ consequences
for the whole economy,
or a situation in which
the mining companies con-
cerned would fai} ‘and the
country would rapidly

Jose the accumulated ex-
pertise that had made the
tining ventures possible,”
says .

The worsening financial
situation in the mining
sector has also virtually
halted expenditure on new

mines,

Development during the
last two years had resul-
ted from decisions taken
some years ago. In addi-
tion, old equipment ig not
being replaced and under-
ground development is be-
ing retarded,

“In the course of time

this situation must be rec-
tified from future profits,
ang borrowings which in-
creased 42 percent to $120
million at the end of
1981 must be reduced.”

On the manpower froat,
RAL reports that em-
ployers claim the most
disturbing aspect of the
new apprenticeship bond-

ing law is the Govern,

ment’s apparent disregard
for the original, legally
binding contracts, and its
Teadiness to cancel. or
alter unilaterally such
documents as it sees fit

“Also, the claim that
Zimbabwean citizens have
undergone technnical
training in order to use
ft as.a springboard from
which to launch them-
selves in careers in other

105

countries is considered to
be misinterpretation of
the emigration statistics.

“A record number of
20534 left. Zimbabwe in
1981, Of these, 7 480 were
economically ‘active and
they included 1922 pro-
duction and related wor-
kers, of whom about halt
are ‘likely to have been
artisans. That is, about
18 percent of the economi-
cally active total,” adds.
RAL, .

Of concern is that fact
that the number of jobs
lost in the agricultural
sector in the past 18
months is greater than
the total number of em-
ployees in the public ser-
vice, estimated at 90 000.

Analysis of the Govern-.

ment’s. budget account ~
showed that $351 mil‘ion
was spent on salaries,

wages and allowances for
civil servants during the
first nine months of the
fiscal year, almost 80 per-
cent of the estimated total
for the year,

"This is likely to account
for 31 percent of total
Government expenditure,
compared with about 26,6
percent in 1981.

Capital expenditure dur
ing the same period was
only 45 percent of the
estimated total of $142
million for the full 12
months,

RAL suggests, therefore,
that under-spending on the
budget account is likely
to reduce the estimated
deficit for 1981/82 from
$272 million to about
$160 million,

ZIMBABWE



LIBERIA

FAULTY CABLES MAKE IT DIFFICULT FOR 'LINA TO DISSEMINATE NEWS

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 28 Jun

[Excerpt]

Information Minister, Col.
Gray D. Allisoh, has ex-
pressed serious concern over
faulty communication cables
installed  thxoughout . the
country. ©

Minister Allison who was
speaking Friday ‘at his Capi-
tol Hill officé during a
meeting -with officials of
the Liberia Telecommunica-
tions Corporation, (LTC),
and the Ministry of Informa-
tion, said because of faulty
transmission cables it was
very difficult for the Libe-
ria News Agency (LINA) to
speedily disseminate infor-
’mation to its subscribers.

He pointed out that with-
out LINA it would be impos-
sible to collect and disse-
minate news throughout the
country. oo

Minister Allison then
called on the management of
LTC to. do-everything possi-
ble to improve communication
throughout the country.

The Deputy-Managing Direc-
‘tor for Operations at LTC,

csO: 4700/1608

26

82 p7

iMr. James M. Gargard, con-
‘ceded that LTC's present
‘cable system was outdated
jand- said LTC had proposed
‘for $26 million since 1975
"to improve and expand the
‘national transmission net-
work. ‘

He said the proposal was
rejected because of its cost
‘ands his Corporation was
therefore instructed to only
improve the Monrovia system
which, he said, was a <deci-"
sion that was not technical-
ly: right. He said telecommu—
nication network should not
be installed in bits and
pieces if the desired impact
must be achieved.

The’ LTC Deputy Managing
Director said if the propo-
sal had beer implemented,
LTC would haye been able to
install a modern communica-
tion’ network to alleviate
the mounting communication
problems faced by the Libe-
rian people. © .

He said this system could
have improved communication
-network throughout - the
country to allow a : nation-
wide television coverage.



80 businessmen and women, He outlined the history of urban terrorism in
South Africa and gave guidelines on minimising the numbers of bomb attacks
and their consequences. Urban terrorists chose public targets where most
damage could be caused, he said. Other prime targets included Government
installations such as fuel reserves. Col Basson said every business in
South Africa should have a security planing system for possible emergencies.
The South African Police would help if asked.--Sapa [Text] [Johannesburg
THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 4]

CAPE FLATS SQUATTERS--Cape Town--A 100-tent squatter town of about 260 people
has mushroomed on open veld near Crossroads on the Cape Flats--with the sanc-
tion of the Administration Board of the Western Cape. Permission to allow
the settlement to develop came after a week of negotiations between a commit-
tee of squatters, church leaders and the board, Initially 100 squatters
evicted from the Holy Cross Church in Nyanga last Monday were allowed to
erect their shelters on a site near Crossroads on Tuesday. The Administra-
tion Board has now extended this concession to include a further 160
squatters. The squatters, 260 of the 700 being considered for legal status,
have been granted permission to stay at the site until September 20. The
tents were provided by the Urban Foundation, Catholic Welfare and Cafda,
Ablution and water facilities were laid on by the Administration Board.
Permission by the board for this site means that about 500 of’ the 700 people
being considered for legal status are now staying within 100m of last year's
camp. About 250 squatters are staying in two huge dome*like structures on
the sand dunes near Crossroads. Trex! (Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English
16 Jul 82 p 10]

FEDERAL SYSTEM URGED--Port Elizabeth--Dr Cedri Phatudi, Chief Minister of
Lebowa, said at the congress in Port Elizabeth yesterday efforts should be
made to establish a federal and not a confederal system in South Africa.

Dr Phatudi said South Africa was the home of all race groups which had a
common future. It was obvious South Africa was prepared to waste precious
time on a futile attempt to create a confederation of states, although the
situation incatéd a federal system, he said, "Self-Governing states such
as Lebowa will not accept a subordinate role, They are an integrated part
of the country and will not ask for so-called independence. "We obtained
our independence in 1910 and will not accept any other form of independence,"
Dr Phatudi said, He also said Urban Blacks had lost confidence in the Prime
Minister's call on Whites to adapt or die and that faith in a change of
attitude had not yet been restored. Referring to the federal system, he
said each state should have its own government, but comprehensive issues
such as foreign affairs and defence, monetary policies and community issues
should fall under a federal authority.--Sapa [Text] {Johannesburg THE
CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 16]

KANGWANE HEARING--The Government has decided to oppose the application by

the Kangwane executive for the annulment of the State President's proclamation
to dissolve the Kangwane executive council, The application was made in the
Pretoria Supreme Court recently by Kangwane's Chief Mabusa and the State had
until yesterday afternoon to decide whether or not to oppose the application.
A spokesman for the Department of Cooperation and Development told The Citizen
yesterday the State Attorney has advised the Government to oppose the applica-
tion. The matter will be heard in the Supreme Court later this year. The
Appeal Court will decide on August 2 on the application by the KwaZulu Govern-
ment regarding the Ingwavuma incorporation into Swaziland. [Text] [Jokannes-
burg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 3]

cso: 4700/1585
85



COURT TOLD OF ANC HIDE-OUT UNDERGROUND

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 20 Jul 82 p 11

[Article by Dan Marais]

[text]

AN ANC accomplice
told the Pretoria Su-
preme Court yester-
day that a hide-out to
be used as a basis
from which attacks
on Government insti-
tutions were to
launched, was con-
structed near Medun-
sa Medical University
in Mapopane.

This. evidence was
given in the continued
trial of three alleged
ANC terrorists, Mr
Thelle Simon Mogoe-
rane (23) Mr Jerry Se-
mano Mosololi (25) and
Mr Marcus Thabo Mo-
taung (27) who face
charges of high trea-
son, taking part in ter-
roristic activities, mur-
der and. robbery.

The witness, who
may not be identified,
told Mr Justice K J
Curlewis and two asses-
sors that he was ap-
proached in Soweto by
aman who had recruit-
ed him forthe ANC. Ar-
rangements were made
for him to be taken to
Botswana from where

le was transported to
Zambia.

Later he was taken
to Benguella, where he
received training in
guerrilla warfare. In
the training camp he
met Mogoerane and
Mosololi for the first
time.

Russia

He (the witness) was
sent to Russia for in-
tensive training, while
Mogoerane was sent to
Eastern Germany. All
the time he realised
that his training was
aimed at overthrowing
the South African Gov-
ernment with violence.

On his return to An-
gola, he received survi-
val training and also at-
tended a crash course
in anti-air defence.

Here he met up with
Mosololi; who had re-
ceived training abroad.
From Angola he was
sent to Mozambique
where he stayed in a
house at Liberdade
where he once again
met with Motaung and
Mogoerane.

Five other members
of the ANC were also
staying in the house
while they awaited or-
ders. .

He »was ordered to
come to South Africa in
the company of other
ANC members. They

were told to go to Ma-
popane. At this stage
they did not have any
detailed instructions.

They came to Pre
toria via Swaziland
after climbing through
a hole ‘in a fence separ-
ating’ the South Africa
iland borer. He

SOUTH AFRICA

was also given a false
reference book.

From Piet Retief they
went to Pretoria where
Motaung was their
leader. In Mapopane
they met up with other
ANC members through
a system of leaving de-
tails in a bus shelter.

Their next activity
was to build an under-
ground base a few
metres from Medunsa
University. The base
was about 500 m away
from the nearest sta-
tion.

A hole measuring 1,5
by eight by three
metres was dug in the
ground and a roof was
constructed with cross-
beams and pieces -of
sheet metal. Motaung
arranged for the trans-
port of the sheet metal

and beams.

A number of AK47
machineguns were
brought to the shelter
and they were instruc-
ted to attack the police
station at Mapopane.
The station was recon-
noitred a few times but
they decided not to at-
tack it because there
were too few policemen '
around to make the at-
tack worth while.

Later they were in-
structed to attack the
police station and shoot
a number of bullet hol-
es into the walls for
propaganda purposes.



/Question/ What will be the economic situation in Chad after the war? What amount
of aid will be required to reconstruct what the civil war has destroyed? What is
the role of African and Arab countries in this field?

/Answer/ In our view, the problem of Chad is basically Chad's. We do not believe

that any other country is a party to this issue. However poor Chad might be, what-
ever its geographical situation might be, we can, with unity, good intentions and

fraternity among all the people of Chad resolve our issues without need for the in-
tervention of any country, whatever it might be. We have an extensive, rich terri-
tory and we have a working people who are prepared to build Chad up. The people of
Chad must do their national duty in full without resorting to aid from other people.

/Question/ How are French-Chad relations proceeding now? To what extent is France
committed to carrying out its promises bearing on financial aid?

/Answer/ As I told you in the previous answer, we do not consider France or anyone
else a party to the Chad issue. Even if there are people in Chad who believe that
France can build up Chad, I do not believe it can. The country will be built up by
its own people and others can only help and extend a helping hand.

/Question/ Would you like to say a final word to the people of Chad?

/Answer/ What I ask, through you, as an Arab journalist who has taken the initia-
tive to make a gracious appearance in your second homeland, Chad, in order to re-
veal the facts, in face of the tendentious rumors that the Western media are propa-
gating, is that the Arab world extend us the hand of assistance to solve the prob-
lem of Chad. We frankly tell the Arab world that these people have suffered a
great deal and have lost everything in a civil war that has gone on for 17 years in
which they lost their best men. The people are still suffering from poverty and
disease. The Arab media are strong and effective, and through them we hear about
the breakdown and classification of the fronts in Chad, as you have pointed out.
This will not resolve our issue in any case but rather will make it more compli-
cated, The people of Chad are the best suited to build up their own country, be-
fore taking sides with one party or another. We request our brothers in Arabhood
and Islam to help their brothers in Islam in Chad and to extend a helping hand

to them.

11887
cso: 4704/22



SOUTH AFRICA

CABINET GETS PLAN ‘UNIFYING PEOPLES'
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 20 Jul 82 p 3

{article by Jaap Theron]

[text]

cso:

THE government
has decided on a
principle of “peoples
consolidation” as the
basis for its overall
consolidation plans
for all national and
independent Black
states, Mr Hennie
van der Walt, Chai
man of the Commis-
sion of Co-operation
and Development
said in Pretoria yes-
terday.

Addressing a press
conference on the final
consolidation plans of
all Black states, Mr Van
der Walt indicated that
more Black nations
might be united, apart
from the Swazi’s.

But he stressed that
a call for unification
has so far come only
from the Swazis and
not from Lesotho yet.

His commission had
supplied the cabinet
with a timescale, as well
as a budget, for the
completion of all out-
standing consolidation

4700/1597

plans of Black states.
The Cabinet would
decide on the recom-
mendations.
Thereafter “all af-
fected land owners and
other organisations, in-
cluding the Black
states” would have the
opportunity to give evi-
dence on the matter.
The opportunity for
consultation with the
authorities would con-
tinue until the select
committee submitted
its final recommenda-
tions to Parliament
during 1983 or 1984.
Mr Van der Walt em-
phasised that he did not
believe that the select
committee would fi-
nalise more than the
Ciskei’s | Kangwane’s
and the Venda consoli-
dation by 1983.
No details of the final

‘consolidation _plans,

which were handed to
the Cabinet yesterday,
would be published un-
til the Cabinet ap-

50

proved them, he said.

The Cabinet had de-
cided to give preference
to the consolidation of
Kangwane together
with that of the Ciskei
and Venda.

All the proposals be-
fore the Cabinet were
final “except that of
Venda” in which case
evidence still had to be
taken, Mr Van der Walt
said.

In the latest consoli-
dation proposals em-
phasis had been laid on
the envisaged political
system. of confedera-
tion and of a constella-
tion of states.

Much emphasis had
also been put on econ-
omical development
with sufficient labour
opportunities within
the Black states.

Mr Van der Walt also
pointed out that “geo-
graphical, __ consolida-
tion of the Black states
was no longer a con-
dlusive requirement.”



TODD BLAMES STATE FOR FOOD SHORTAGES

Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Jul 82 p 1

[Text]

cso:

SHORTAGES of bread, “cooking oil, rice and sugar were due to-a lack
of direction on the part of. the Government, Senator Garfield Todd told

the Senate yesterday.

* He said. that if Zim-
babwe® was® ‘to: be, a
socialist state, the needs
of the people must de-
termine the ‘conduct of’
industry. “But this is

not. happening today."

shortages do not
stem from our inability
but from a lack of direc-
tion’ by the Government
and lack of co-opetation
by industry.”

The Government's sub-
sidy on wheat had been
withdrawn; he said.

He asked whether the
Government considered
bread a luxury or a neces-
sity,

“Tf it is a luxury then.we
will know what to do. We
will accept the situation
4nd let the privileged eat

wheat and compensate far-
mers for their loss. after
the withdrawal of the sub-
sidy.

Producers had been let
down and some intended
to stop growing,

4700/1606

“This is quite under-
standable and it is very
difficult to offer an en-
couragement because as
far as they are concerned,
they do not like the prices

offered and are not sway-'
ed by the needs of the

ple.” 5
Petboking-ofl - manufac-'
turers- were reluctant to:
explain their reduced
productivity, the’ Senator,
said. The tonnage of oil.
seed going to the manu-
facturers had dropped
from 6 000 tonnes to 2000.
tonnes ‘ “without  com-"
ment”.

“It is not correct to say
that cooking-oll is in
short supply. Thousands
are without.” .

He said sugar was
accumulating in ware-
houses until prices be-
came attractive. The pre-
sent situation had Zimba-
bwe -having to face the.
“unacceptable ugly face of
capitalism”. ” -

92

ZIMBABWE



SOUTH AFRICA

YOUNG OVAMBOS NOW SKEPTICAL ABOUT SWAPO EDUCATIONAL PROMISES
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 31 May 82 p 3

[Text] School children have always been the most important target group and
source of recruitment for SWAPO, but it is at this level that the organiza-
tion has finally lost the propaganda war.

This became clear last week when military reporters visited the operational
area.

While in the early years of the war SWAPO enticed large numbers of school
children with promises of education, during the past 2 years almost no
children have gone over to them.

According to armed forces officers in Oshakati even the new conscription
system for South-West Africa/Namibia, which is hardly known and highly
exploited for propaganda purposes by SWAPO, has had any influence on school
children.

SWAPO has tried to persuade the children that they will now become prisoners
of the state and are going to be forced to kill their own people.

There are now 120,000 school children in 439 schools in Ovambo. In addition
there is a training college for teachers as well as an agricultural college.

Since last year the instruction medium, which previously was Afrikaans, was
changed to English at the request of the population. The Cape Province's
educational syllabus is now being followed and the people now realize that
SWAPO assertions are not true.

Originally SWAPO tried to convince school children that the standard of
education is inferior and the’"Boers" were trying to make slaves out of: them.

On the contrary children were promised that they could learn seven languages
in Angola, within 2 years they could become medical doctors and to top it
all they would get a motorcycle.

These and other empty promises have no influence now and the group of
terrorists who recently infiltrated the Grootfontein area have altogether
given up blurting out things about education and instead have engaged in
spreading fear and intimidating the people.

7964 71
cso: 4701/100



LIBERIA

BRIEFS

FRG SCHOLARSHIP RECIPIENT--The chief of the Utilization Division at the
Information Ministry, Mr Barclay T, Walters, Jr., left here Tuesday for
Munich, West Germany, to pursue a three-and-a-half month basic training
course in electronics. Mr Walters' stay in Germany will afford him the
opportunity to do an indepth study on the repairs of the teleprinter (T-1000)
machines at Siemens Company, the makers of siemens electronics and telecom-
munications equipment, His study in Germany is being sponsored by the
Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation under a West-German scholarship
programme. While Mr Walters is away, Mr Anthon’ Nimely will act as chief
of the Utilization (PA) Division,--LINA [Excerpt] [Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN
in English 8 Jul 82 pp 3, 6]

cso: 4700/1608

32



MOZAMBIQUE

RURAL EXODUS LEADS TO LIFE OF CRIME IN CITIES
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Jun 82 p 5
[Article by Bernardo Mavanga: "How Drifters Are 'Made'"]

Migration. from the rural areas to the cities, which we have
been witnessing in the capital, has already reached extremes;
this is expressed in the ills which seriously affect the
daily life of the city population and the country's social
situation as such. Although this. is a common phenomenon in
all countires, when migration takes place in a disorderly
fashion and apart from the country's rate of growth, it does
bring about a situation of idleness and crime that is the
result of the high unemployment rate.

To gather the facts which would illustrate the trouble caused by the wave of
persons from the rural areas going to the cities, we recently went to some
recruitment centers for miners and workers to go to the citrus plantations in
South Africa, located in the capital.

"There are youngsters among us who have come here for the first time," we were
told by Joao Samuel, a 36-year-old miner, who added: "When they left their
home villages, they came to Maputo, seeking employment, and when they did not
get a job, they did not want to beg but instead insisted on going to the mines
as alternate workers."

Our source, like many other thousands of miners, has been waiting to return to
South Africa for more than 12 months. He told our reporter about the irregu-
larities of the recruiting agencies which "make it difficult for us to go to
the mines." He deplored the fact that his money has run out, that he has
nothing to eat, no place to sleep, and that. he hopes to be called some day.

"Many of us have become tramps here. Others came here as tramps. They gather
here to blend in with us and to make our life difficult."

Discussing this issue, Joao Samuel raised the problem of his recruitment and

that of other miners. But he did not note that the biggest problem was behind
the difficulty of getting to the mines.

44



STATE BUILDING SPENDING--The Ministry of Construction's capital works programme will
more than double in the next financial year and closer cooperation with private con-
tractors was essential, representatives of the Construction Industry Employers'
Association of Zimbabwe were told yesterday. At a special meeting the Minister of
Construction, Dr Callistus Ndlovu said the ministry's capital works programme topped
$42 million in the 1981/82 financial year and will be $86 million in the 1982/83
year. He assured representatives that rumours of the Government wanting to nationa-
lise the construction industry were untrue. But it did want to participate in the
industry by buying shares in certain companies and helping to keep the cost of con-
struction materials at a reasonable level. Referring to the fear in industry that
the Government's plan to establish a rural construction company would cost it valu-
able Government contracts, Dr Ndlovu said it was no longer possible to meet the
growing demand for buildings like clinics or schools within the traditional frame-
work.--Ziana. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 13 Jul 82 p 1]

"UANC TERROR THREAT'--"The presence of some five thousand UANC terrorists in South
Africa" is an external threat to Zimbabwe's security said Cde Ushewokunze, when he
sought renewal of the State of Emergency yesterday. The minister, in a speech
that lasted over an hour, said "the activities of the Bertrands and Stuttafords"
were an internal security threat. Dr Frank Bertrand, he son and two other men were
jailed recently for conspiracy, against the State. Mr Wally Stuttaford, a Repub-
lican Front MP, has been detained in terms of the emergency regulations. The minis-
ter also mentioned the arms caches found in Mandara, Harare, and on the Figtree
Farm of Mr Alan York, and the recent attack on the Prime Minister's residence,
which had led to the arrest of four members of the National Army on active service
who he said had admitted responsibility for the incident.~-Ziana. [Text] [Harare
THE HERALD in English 14 Jul 82 p 1]

'HERALD' CIRCULATION--Harare.--In the first six months of this year Zimbabwe's lead-
ing daily, THE HERALD, had an average daily circulation of 106 989, a record and
almost 17 percent above the figures for the same time last year.--Sapa. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Jul 82 p 13]

HAWK AIRCRAFT--Harare~-The first four of eight British-builé Hawk aircraft
bought to hélp modernise Zimbabwe's Air Force, flew in yesterday and the Prime
Minister, Mr Mugabe, was there to see them land, The twin-seater jets,
built by British Aerospace for use as trainers or in ground attack, performed
some low turns over Harare's International Airport before landing at the new
Sarum Air Base.--Sapa-Reuter [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

- 16 Jul 82 p 3]

CSO: 4700/1585 END

113



VIOLENCE ERUPTS AT KATUTURA SINGLE QUARTERS

NAMIBIA

Windhoek THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER in English 14 Jul 82 pp 1, 4

{Article by David Pieters]

[text]

TENSIONS between
Police Home Guards
and other tenants resi-
dent in the Katutura
single quarters’ flared

into violence yesterday,
sending hundreds of

men, women and
children rushing onto
the streets in panic to
avoid the clash,

Police fired shots into ,
the air, spoke over the

“public address system, and
patrolled the deserted rows
by vehicle and on foot to
restore calm, watched by
the crowd outside.

_A contingent of un
iformed home | guards

gathered around the ac-

commodation block hired
by the Police, situated on
the western edge but
fenced off from the rest of
the complex.

Although no serious in-
juries or " arrests were
reported, tension amongst
the home guards, as well as
the hundreds of onlookers
and residents remained un-

cso: 4700/1587

til later in the afternoon
when tenants returned to
their quarters as others
came home from work.
The disturbance was
reportedly sparked by a
clash between. a’ home:
guard and a group of male
residents at about four pm.
A Policeman said soon
afterwards that a home
guard was attacked by six
Owambo men ‘in the
civilian part of the single

juarters.

He escaped back to his
part of the complex,
fetched a rifle, and accom-
panied by other home
guards, returned to clash
with the group of men.
Shots were fired in the air
as a deterrent, the
Policeman said, but no-one
was hurt.

Director of Katutura

Leon Venter this morning
said he was unaware of the
disturbance.

Although the home
guard section of the com-
plex has the appearance of
a Police station (there is a
SA flag flying on a tall
pole), as far the

municipality is concerned
the Police have rented a
block to quarter
homeguards «just as any
other tenants hire rooms
there, and the fenced off.
area is not a Police Station,
Mr Venter said. oe
= The ~ presence of
hundreds of people at the
single quarters during
working hours  spolights
the considerable numbers
of unemployed residing in
the single quarters.

The Katutura Director
said there were 3 200 beds
in the single quarter com-
plex but did not have an es-
timate of the actual
number of people living
there. .
According to one
Katutura resident the ac-
tual number of residents in
the single quarters could be
double the number of beds.

The reason for yester-
day’s disturbance remains
obscure,’ and residents
themselves gave several
versions of what led to the
fight. .

‘These include
@ The fight — revolved

around women

@ The home guard went
to seek revenge for the
knifing of another guard
the night before and got
beaten up.

@ The home guards were
deliberately trying to
precipitate discord
amongst the ethnic groups
— especially Herero and
Owambo — in the complex.
These attempts are con-
sciouly politically
motivated. .

Despite the tension
yesterday afternoon fol-
jowing the clash, there was
little aggression observed
in the crowd, © and
onlookers approached by
the Advertiser spoke freely.

Mr Venter said since the
abolition of influx control
things at the single quarters
“go out of hand”, and the
single quarters became
overcrowded and run
down as a result of lack of
discipline and wanton
destruction,

For these reasons the
municipality decided to in-
troduce certain changes
and controls.



Source of Drifters

While they wait to be hired, both those who already are miners. and. those who
want to be miners for the first time do not have the right to housing or food
at the hiring office. Consequently, they must live at their own expense
throughout the entire period of time necessary to be hired.

Julio Jose, a 34-year-old miner, said that this was always so. But in the
past, the requirements of the mining companies in terms of manpower were
greater and people were hired immediately. The food and housing problem did
not arise at that time. "The truth is that we stay here for 6 months or a
year, waiting for them to call.us. Those of us who have families in Maputo
can eat with the families and stay there. Those who do not have families have
to solve that problem some other way. I fortunately have a place to eat and
sleep," he said.

This is fundamentally where the problem of drifters and crime comes up. With-
out a place to sleep, without anything to eat, thousands of young persons,

who leave their home territories as honest persons, become drifters and crim-
inals. First of all, out of necessity and, then, because they feel it is fun
to live at the expense of others.

Fernando Luis, who was born in Manhica, who is married and has two children,
during the conversation we had with the miners waiting to be hired spoke to us
with the intention of expressing his views; he made a rather sad impression.
He told us that he had been waiting to be hired since 1977.

He had been a miner, he said. But he did not have any document that would
identify him as such. Only he knows how he managed to get along all of these
years since he returned.

The applicants for jobs as miners, as we were able to find out, are forced to
stay in the camp where the hiring is done so that they can respond to the call
that comes through a loudspeaker whenever the mining companies want to hire.

This means that jobseekers stay here at least during the day and that prevents
them from taking other jobs during that time.

The environment that develops around the camps and the housing and food short-
ages for hundreds of persons, who gather in these places, creates a real source

of drifters.
Other Places

The many persons who daily come to the capital, frustrated by the fact that
they cannot find honest jobs, seek refuge in the blackmarket and. speculation.
Other are part-time workers, washing cars in the squares or carrying baggage
at the maritime terminals but even they do not make enough.

The best way to remedy this situation of hunger and housing shortage unfortu-
nately, as we can see, has been the way of life of the thief. Very few decide

to go back home where they came from.

45



Tie rot began in 1980. You may_recall that,
Mr Edward Tekere, the then Minister of
Manpower Development and Secretary-
General of the ruling Zanu-PF Party,
killed a White farmer in cold blood, but
he and his seven bodyguards, who were
charged with murder, got. away with it.

The 1975 Indemnity and Compensation
Act was invoked by a Coloured and a
Black assessor to free Mr Tekere, though
the White judge found Mr Tekere and a
bodyguard were, in fact, guilty of mur-
der. -

More recently there was the case of the
Black Mayor.of Gwelo, a town now re-
named Gweru, who had a long history of
anti-White violence and abuse. A charge
against him of aggravated assault on a
White attorney was withdrawn on direct.

_instructions from Mr Mugabe's office.

After that came the strange casé of the
acting commander of the Zimbabwe nat-
ional army who, with a brigadier, were to
answer charges of kidnap and assault
arising from an incideéiit involving 14
White bowlers, men and women in their
50s. :

The bowlers were locked up in an army
guardroom after failing to give way toa
military car in which the two officers
were passengers and one of the bowlers
was assaulted. seal -

csO: 4700/1585

74

The Black Attorney-General declined to
prosecute the two officers, saying the de-
tention of the bowlers was legal in terms
of the Defence Act. However, he “in-
vited” the brigadier to pay a “deposit fine
of R107 in respect of the assault.” ©

Assaulted -

There was also an assault on an elderly
White man and his wife by army guards
assigned to Zimbabwe’s Presidential mo-

- torcade, but none of the guards has yet
been charged.

A White woman was also fired on by army
guards of the Presidential motorcade,
but no one has been charged in this case,
either.

‘Zimbabwe's army commander, Lieut-Gen-
eral Rex Nhongo, has also been involved
in controversial incidents with customs
officials. without anything being done
about the matter. ©

To emphasise how little the Government
cares about legal niceties, the Minister of
Home Affairs, Dr Ushewokunze, has ac-
cused the judiciary of deliberately en-
couraging anti-Government elements by
its lenient treatment of offenders (and a
Deputy Minister has gone so far as to
suggest dissidents should be shot in pub-
lic as a deterrent). .

All of which must surely justify our de-

- scription of Zimbabwe as a strange coun-



and Volkswagen--have said pay talks proper can only resume once the strikes
end and that they will not negotiate "under duress."| National Automobile
and Allied Workers Union (NAAWU) representatives on the council have said
they have a mandate to discuss pay and working conditions--not a return of
work, This would have to be negotiated by the companies with their shop
stewards, The strike started last week when shop stewards told workers

that employers would not budge from their offer of an increase in minimum
wages of 7,5 percent to R2,15 an hour, NAAWU has demanded an increase for
Grade 1 workers from R2 an hour to R2,50, increasing by 25¢ every six months.
At a Federation of SA Trade Unions central committee meeting in Johannesburg
at the weekend, a resolution was adopted supporting NAAWU's demand for "a
living wage and better working conditions."--Sapa [Text] [Johannesburg

THE CITIZEN in English 20 Jul 82 p 3]

DOCTORS WANT ANNUAL RAISE--The Medical and Dental Council has approved a
request from the Medical Association of South Africa (Masa) to allow
doctors' fees to be increased annually, A spokesman for the council said
yesterday that this request had been approved as it would prevent massive
tariff jumps as had happened in the past, The council would recommend to
the Minister of Health that this manner of increasing fees be introduced.
Meanwhile the 6,6 percent increase in doctors’ tariffs announced last month
will come into effect on August 1, A list of the new tariffs which will
apply only to the fees of doctors under contract to medical aid schemes was
published in the Government Gazette last Friday, Masa is likely to ask for
a further increase in September and their request will be considered by the
council in October, If the request is approved by the council they will
recommend the Minister of health to increase doctors' tariffs, It could
not be established yesterday how the latest increase would affect the
public's contributions to medical aid schemes, but it is ‘believed that these
will also have to go up. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English

20 Jul 82 p 3] _

COAL EXPORTS CONTRACT--An R1li-million contract for the steel fabrication and
erection for a coal washing plant which will boost South Africa's coal
exports has been obtained by Dorbyl Structures. Dorbyl Structures contract
involves the detailing, fabrication and erection of over 4 350 tons of struc-
tural steel, platework and mechanicals, The contract is part of a mlti-
million rand development project in which coal from the Goedehoop Colliery
which is a division of Amcoal Collkeries, Limited, in the Witbank area, will !
be processed for export through Richards Bay, Throughput will be at the rate
of about 1 000 tons an hour and the first coal is scheduled to pass through
the plant in March next year. Dorbyl Structures is a division of Dorbyl
Structual Engineering and two other divisions are also involved in the project.
Brownbuilt Metal Sections is supplying and fitting prepainted cladding for

the buildings and its newly launched Bondlok metal flooring, Irvine Chapman

is fabricating and erecting steel work for the overland conveyors and out-
loading station, The project is similar to the coal washing plant developed
at Kleinkopje Colliery which is also a division of Amcoal Collieries, [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jun 82 p 23]°

BOMB ATIACKS--Cape Town--Bombs and bomb attacks were here to stay and the
people of South Africa would have to live with them, Colonel N, Basson, a
bomb disposal expert in the security branch of the South African Police said
yesterday, Col Basson was a guest speaker at a security awareness seminar

84



it possible to reinforce the anticolonialist, anti-imperialist and antiracist
front.

This united front is so necessary today as the African continent is now called
upon to give a joint answer to the threat of the South African racists and
the African governments which have taken the place of the former colonizers
in the occupation and repression of the people.

Africa, which in previous decades was a balwark in the anticolonialist strug-
gle, is advancing toward a qualitatively superior stage of unity in the anti-
imperialist struggle.

8870
cso: 4742/340

39



The minister said bus fare increases were still being discussed by the Government.
No company could increase fares.

"I reiterate that as a Government we cannot discuss with the companies under duress.
So the companies have agreed to negotiate in climate which will lead to amicable
conclusions," he said.

cso: 4700/1606

109



MAURITIUS

Briefs
Diego Garcia Issue

MOZAMBIQUE

Machel Calls for Armed Resistance To Wave of Reaction
(Samora Machel; NOTICIAS, 23 Jun 82)...ccccccccccccccccves

New Economic Defense Law Approved
(NOTICIAS, 11 Jun 82).....ccceeceeseeeee tee c ee rene eeeee

Resumption of Cape Verde, Guinea Bissau Ties Eases Tensions
(Editorial; NOTICIAS, 19 Jun 82)......ccececececccevccece

Spanish Freighters Bought, Further Purchases Planned
(Benjamin Faduco; NOTICIAS, 23 Jun 82)......... ey

Nightime Port Traffic . To Resume Soon
(Estacio Baptista; DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE, 12 Jun 82)......

Rural Exodus Leads To Life of Crime in Cities
(Bernardo Mavanga; NOTICIAS, 23 Jun 82).....ccccccccceecs

Briefs
USSR Naval Squadron Visits
Portuguese Book Fair
New Residency Card
NAMIBIA

Violence Erupts at Katutura Single Quarters
(David Pieters; THE WINDHOEK ADVERTISER, 14 Jul 82)......

SOUTH AFRICA

Cabinet Gets Plan 'Unifying Peoples'
(Jaap Theron; THE CITIZEN, 20 Jul 82).....

Intemational Arrangement Considered To Be Within Sight
(Gus Cluver; DIE TRANSVALER, 28 May 82)....

Details on Kangwane Issue Hearing Given
(Dan Marais; THE CITIZEN, 23 Jul 82).........

Correspondent Claims New Type of Assault Planned Against SA
(Aida Parker; THE CITIZEN, 20 Jul 82).

Ingwavuma: Hottest Legal Potato Since 1950's
(Patrick Laurence, RAND DAILY MAIL, 2 Jul 82)....... ee eeee

33

34

36

38

40

44

47

47

50

51

53

54



ZIMBABWE

CSC PLANNING NEW COMPLEXES
Harare BUSINESS HERALD in English 15 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] The Cold Storage Commission is planning a multi-million dollar development
programme over the next three years to include an abattoir at Bulawayo and handling
complex in Harare.

The cost of these two particular projects has yet to be assessed, but is under-
stood to be more than $10 million.

However, before committing itself, the CSC will seek feasibility studies to confirm
their viability.

The planning costs for Bulawayo abattoir alone are estimated at $400 000. This
unit is the main part of the 1982/85 programme.

The need to replace the original plant stems from the fact that it is 54 years old
and still handles cattle from one-third of the country.

It is in a similar state to the Harare factory and violates most modern concepts of
hygiene, according to CSC assistant general manager Mr G. E. Baxter.

"The necessity of a replacement facility for Bulawayo is patently overdue. Its
strategic position and relatively small local market, compared to intake, make it
an ideal centre for export orientation," said Mr Baxter.

Although international consultants have shown interest in this scheme, the time
from planning to commissioning the new factory is unlikely to be less than three
years.

Unlike Bulawayo, the multi-purpose complex in Harare is not yet formally part of
the development programme.

Mr Baxter said that the CSC did not plan to incorporate an abattoir in the complex

as there were adequate slaughter facilities at Kadoma, Marondera and Chinhoyi,
all within easy reach of the capital, which could be expanded if the need arose.

102



Oh yes we have already heard much about young Malays; as for the colored
man there is only a caricature.

But even this caricature must disappear before the constitutional train can
be put on its tracks.

7964
cso: 4701/100

62



economic and social consequences resulting from the constant influx, especially
to the city of Maputo, of a large number of new people who come from the
countryside with the intention of settling in the city. This migration to the
city is disorganized and uncontrélled and has two main economic consequences:
decreased production in the countryside and increased consumption in the city.
Other consequences of uncontrolled migration are: premature deterioration of
real estate because buildings have to house numbers of people for which they
were not intended, overloading of transportation facilities, a lower quality of
health services, education, and so on. According to the communique which we
are publishing in its entirety on page 5 of this issue, the residency card
will verify the resident's status in a city and will give him access to all the
available facilities. By the same token, whoever does not have the card will
not have access to these facilities and urban services in general. For persons
who are visiting the city for a justified reason, a temporary residence
document will be issued. To make possible the introduction of the residency
card, a complete census of the inhabitants, including nationals and foreigners,
will be made in the nation's capital and other cities. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS
in Portuguese 14 Jun 82 p 1] 11635

CSO: 4742/339

48



WHITE EXODUS BLAMED ON 'RF LIES’

Harare THE HERALD in English 9 Jul 82 p 4

[Text] 4 DEPUTY minister yesterday blamed the exodus of whites on the
Republican Front, saying that it was “frightening them away with false

CSO:

stories about the Gov-

ernment”,

Mr Robert Marere, the
Deputy Minister of Hous-
ing (ZANU-PF, Mashona-
land East) told the As-
sembly that during the
Mberation war the Govern-
ment of Mr Jan Smith had
told the population that
Mr Mugabe was a Marxist.

“I think the white
leadership of the RF is
telling the white people to
Tun away because isa
Marxist Government,” he
said. “These are the
people who are agitating
the whites to leave the
country for nothing.

“We have our own.
of Government. The Prime
Minister has said we are
socialist - oriented, But
they (the RF) continue to
frighten. the whites. They
are being choked day and
night with lies,”

Mr Marere, who was
speaking during the
resumed debate on the
President's speech, also
accused the RF of spurn-
ing the Government's
bod ay eter
saying the yy was
reviving old hatreds, es-
pecially among the young
white population.

He said Mr Mugabe de-
served praise for coming
up with the policy of
reconciliation.

4700/1606

Mr Marere also hit out
at advocates of an all-
party conference to solve
the problem of ‘dissidents
and bandits, claiming that
such people could only be
regarded as-their leaders.

The deputy minister
received resounding cheers
from the Government
benches when he said the
cause of shortages was
that more people were en-
joying the wealth of the
country, .

“Yes things must be
short, because all the pro-
ducts are being shared by
all the people of Zim-
babwe,” he said.

97

ZIMBABWE



LIBERIA

NEGOTIATIONS ON PRC'S LARGEST INVESTMENT PACKAGE CONCLUDE

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 25 Jul 82 pp 1, 6

[Text]

Negotiations on the largest
investment package under the
PRC - $63 million Bea Min-
ing project - has ended be-
tween the Government of Li-
beria and an American firm,
the Bea Mining Company.

When the agreement is fi-
nally signed by both par-
ties, the Bea Mountain Pro-
ject -will hopefully unfold
within the next two years in
Grand Cape Mount County
with the Government of
Liberia having a 50 percent
share.
of Finance Minister Alvin
Jones states that the nego-
tiation on the proposed Bea
Mountain C-ncession Agree-
ment which. lasted from June
1.- 7, 1982, brought out
fruitful results. as both
parties agreed on a number
of "major points".

The Liberian Government
representatives; the Mints-
tries of Lands, Mines ang
Energy, Justice, Finance gnd
the National Investmerit: Com—
mission and the Bea Mining
Company represented by its
president, Mr. James Pirtle,

23

agreed .that for a period of
30 years,the concessionaire
shall mine the weathered ore.
According to the release, 15
years after the. effective
date of the agreement, the
concessionaire shall submit
to Government a feasibility
study on the hard ore known
as Taconite.

It was also agreed by the
parties involved that if the

study is favourable and the
necessary financing can be
arranged, "the agreement +
shall be extended for a
period sufficient to mine
the Taconite on terms and
conditions to be agreed
upon.” .

Another point agreed upon

was that the concessionaire
shall be subject to Liberian
Income Tax Laws of General
Application.The Concessiona-
ire shall also pay counsel-
lor fees,stamp fees and land
rental. oe
For the first four years of
its operations, the conces-
sionaire will pay a royalty
of two percent as royalty on
the value -of the ore sold,
while a three percent



U.S., LIBERIAN FINANCED MILITARY HOUSING

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 1 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

CSO:

4700/1608

Defense Minister Albert B.S.
Karpeh has said the housing pro-
gram for military personnel cur-

‘rently going on in the country:

was jointly financed by the
Governments of Liberia and the-
United States.

According to a Defense
Ministry release, Minister Karpeh
said the.,Liberian Government
has already exhausted $24
million to improve housing
facilities for army personnel in
the country.

In addition, he explained that
Government acquired a $3.5

19

million 1oan trom the United
States Government to construct
18 housing units in Camp Schief-
flin.

He further said $500,000 of the
amount has been used to com-
plete six units of the proposed 18
units earlier being constructed
by the Engineering. Battalion,

s while’ the “remaining 12 ‘units

presently under construction are
being funded with the remaining
$3 million.

He also said phases one and
two of the housing program has
been completed. — LINA.-

LIBERIA



PROBE OF ZCTU FINANCES UNDERWAY

Harare THE HERALD in English 9 Jul 82 pl

[Text]

cso:

INVESTIGATIONS into the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions
have revealed “appalling” mismandgement of its finances and

possible misappropriation of funds.
In recent months attempts have been made to conduct the organiaation’s

financial _ affairs in
accordance ‘with proper

business procedure.

But = with affiliated
unions some §7 000 in ar-
rears with their contribu-
tions, financial aid from
international labour or-

sations is imperative
the ZCTU is to survive.

A confidential réport on
the: investigations, com-
pilea by officials ‘of the

partment of Industrial
Relations, was sent to the
Minister of Labour and
Social Serviecs, Mr’ Ku-
mbiral Kangai, on June

‘The commission's find-
fogs were that there had

maladmt istration

ee mismanagem< * at
the oreenis: sate ‘s funds,
le ‘uy Convers

Fon and misappropriation

‘of income from inter+
ational organisations,
hag been -recom-
mondeg that an indepen-
dent accountant be Pe
pointed to look tata the e
expenditure of the ZCTU
as soon as possible.

The probe was initiated
on June 7 by the chief
industrial relations officer,
Mr Ignatius Chigwendere,
as a.follow-up to the com-
mission’s investigations

4700/1606

into tHe Agricultural and
Plantation Workers!
‘Union,

It aimed at establishing
the role played by Mr
Dickson Ndawana, deputy
secretary general of the
ZCTU and general secre-
tary of the APWU, who
has been suspended trom

taking part in all union

activities,

The commission . dis.
covered that the ZCTU
had no bookkeeper or
accountant, ao cash book
and no record ‘ expen-
Trustees rarely

signed cheques ‘and thou-:

sands of dollars _ with-
drawn from .the bank
were mot accounted for.

Evidence was . heard

either in love \ ‘th certain
former officials or were
their mistresses, It was
alleged that these em-
ployees were recruited
perause et these relation-

in ‘Ay pril the ZCTU was
evicted from its offices in
Sinola Street and ordered
by the High Court to pay
the. landlord $2750 in
arrearg accrued be=
Eeeen’ November last year
and February, It ‘now
ites from offices in
mora Machel Avenue,

101

this week that when he
took up office there were
Bo records.“

“I asked why this state
of affairs existed and the
other officials told me
that everything had been
left to (the late) Mr Al-

Mr Mugabe was dishonest,
because I found a lot of
receipts which reflected

payments were being
made.: I think this situa«
tion arose. through his
ignorance of business pro-
cedure rather than
honesty.”

Mr Moyo said the col-
lection of rent money
from unions. was . taken
over -after ‘Mr Mugabe's
@eath by another official.

“But I-have been doing,
this since April and I have
paid for May, June and
July, using of 8
$4 060 grant trom the “In-
ternational Confederation
of Free Trade Unions.

“It we had not received
this assistance the office
would have closed down.
At the moment we are re-
ceiving very little funds
from our 50 affiliated
unions,

“Only a few of them are
fully paid up and the
arrears amount to about
$7000. This is because

these unions are‘ fot re--

ceiving subscriptions trom

ZIMBABWE

their “members, who are
required to bay one cent a
month towards the upkeep
of the ZCTU.”

Mr Moyo sald he knew
nothing about love affairs
between officials and office
employees, _

He believed that an
accountant should be ap-
pointed to straighten out
the organisation's finan-
cia} affairs from the begin-
ning.

Mr Alfred Makwarim-
ba, the ZCTU president,

diss said LBier) was ate aware

Oty Te Tiger" ie that
we had no accountant or
bookkeeper, I. did not
know t the payment
of rents for affiliated union
g, offices in Stnola Street was

le responsibility of the
2ZCTU."



SAUDI ARABIA DONATES TEXTBOOKS FOR MUSLIM SCHOOLS

LIBERIA

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 29 Jun 82 pp 1, 10

[Article by Arthur K, Massally]

[text]

Atbr Government of Saudi Arabia’ has donated 10,4

textbooks in both English and Arabic for use in Muslim
‘schools in Liberia in order to upgrade the educational

standard of such schools.

This was revealed on Tuesday
at a rally in Kakata where. Mr.
Marmie Konneh, 38, an Instruc-
tor at the. Muslim Arabic School
in Mandingo Quarters, was
elected’ secretary-general of
:Quardu .Gboni, an association
founded in 1975 to promote
mutual understanding among
Muslims in Liberia.

The first secretary-general
Sheikh Sesay, got drowned in the
St. Paul River in May this year.

“Elected as Mr. Konneh's assistant
was Mr. Amadu Konneh, a
businessman.
After the election, the more
ithan 100 Muslims present raised
$275 to support the association's
development projects, including
-the building-of-schools and mos-
ques in Liberia.

Since the formation of the

association in 1975, it has.award-

cso:

ed scholarships to seyen students.
for further studies in. Saudi
Arabia, Egypt and Tunisia “for
four years. The scholarships
were granted by the four govern-
ments which have reportedly

4700/1608

peen making contributions
toward. the development of
Muslim communities in Liberia,
such as the construction of mos-
_ques and schools. :

‘The association is also morally
and financially obligated to its
members and it has offered to
educate the children of the late
secretary-general.

It has also co-financéd
transport fares and boarding and
pocket’ money for students in
‘various Islamic countries around
the. world. It also. operates a
cooperative marketing associa-
tion in Lofa County.

* Among the aims and objectives
of the association are to get
books and periodicals from
islamic countries for distribution

30

to Muslim schools in Liberia, to
establish Islamic libraries and
cultural centers in the country
and-to encourage mul
education among Muslim ‘youths.
Presently, the Quardu:Gboni
Muslim Association has branches
in Grand Gedeh, Bong, Nimba,
Montserrado besides Gibi.
On. the international level,
Quardu Gboni associates with
Muslim organizations in other
parts of Africa, Saudi Arabia,
Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Omar,
Tunisia, etc. :
Following the election in
Kakata on Tuesday, the new
secretary-general, Mr. Marmie

Konneb, promised to do his best
to bring imprc it to the



BRIGADES BUILD SEVENTY-THREE HOUSES IN SIX MONTHS

Harare THE HERALD in English 10 Jul 82 p 3

{Text]

‘THE Marondera building brigades have completed.73 houses and other
development projects in six months, the town’s mayor, Councillor Mwaaka

Samuel Mukundu, bas
said.

‘The success of the build-
ing brigades had attracted

~at least three municipal

councils so much that they

day, Councillor Mukundu
gaid the municipal councils
of Harare, Kwekwe and
Kadoma had visited Ma-
rondera te study the im-
proved housing situation
efter the use ef housing

“{t ig faster and cheaper

play centre for about 100
‘children, the mayor said.
The eouncil formed the

sible fer members’ wel-
fare, werking conditions
and wages,

“With the help from the
Yown’s technical and hous-
ing department, the brig-

cso: 4700/1606

needs of  Marondera
quickly,” said Councillor
Muk l,

The formation of brig-
ades had helped the muni-
cipality to control unem-
ployment and engage the
community in productive
work, “We no longer have
any unemployed people in
the town today,” he said,

Development of Dombo-
tombe clinic’ included the

partment, @ dental unit, a
‘ge maternity wing and

a laundry,
“It is our plan to im-

these programm
not formed building bri-

Marondera
town’s newly developed

ill

projects for women and
youth.

‘The production secretary
for ZANU (PF) Mashona-
land East. province and
Member of Parliament,
Mr Abraham Kabasa,
said on Wednesday that
youth brigades had
started a market-garden-

ing project on the out-’

skirts of the town.

‘The leaders also visited
the aewly-formed Sunga-
nayi women’s co-operative
which ts serving food in
the Dembotombo beer

tayera.

‘The council welfare de-
partment and health offi-
cials constantly check the
food to ensure that it was
good and was served in
clean places, the mayor
Sais

‘The town Has also col-
lected $289,94 for the Chi-
nhoyi bus disaster fund
while the Workers’ Com-
mittee at Grasslands Re-
search Station collected
$5840 for the ZANU
(PF) headquarters build-
ing fund.

ZIMBABWE


SOUTH AFRICA

CORRESPONDENT CLAIMS NEW TYPE OF ASSAULT PLANNED AGAINST SA

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 20 Jul 82 p 6

[Article by Aida Parker]

[Text]

LED by France, West
European socialist

ents and
their supporters are
planning a new type
of assault on the
South African econ-

consideration is to
impose a “tax” on
trade between EEC
member states and
South Africa.

The proceeds of this
would be set aside for
investment in the
Southern African De-
velopment Co-ordi-
nation Conference
(SADCC), the so-called
“counter-constellation”
made up of Angola,
Botswana, Lesotho,
Swaziland, Malawi, Mo-
zambique, Tanzania,
Zambia and Zimbabwe,
set up to seek “econom-
ic liberation” from the
RSA. -

The proposed “tax”
would replace the pro-
jected oil embargo
against South Africa
initially urged by the
Netherlands. An oil em-
bargo is strongly op-
posed by several
SADCC states on the
grounds that it would
hurt them more than
the RSA itself.

The main figures be-
hind the plan are the
European leaders of
the predominantly
EEC-based Socialist In-
ternational.

For nearly two years
now SI has made a con-
centrated study of how
South Africa could be
weakened or economi-
cally undercut, without
creating undue hard-
ship for surrounding
Black states. The key
instigators are:

@ Former West Ger-
man Chancellor Willy
Brandt, chairman both
of Bonn’s ruling Social
Democratic Party and
of SI. Last year Brandt
visited eight African
states, including An-
gola, Mozambique and
Zambia, for talks on pu-
nitive measures against
the RSA;

@ France’s Socialist
President Francois Mit-
terrand and Jean-Ber-
nard Curial, co-ordi-
mator of the French
working _ group on
Southern Africa and
chief proponent of the
SI initiative: -

@ Edgar Pisani, the
EEC Development Com-
missioner, who recently
visited the frontline
states with an EEC del-
egation which is itself
planning a programme

54

of sanctions against
South Africa;

@ Piet Dankert, the
Dutch Socialist Presi-
dent of the European
Parliament;

@ Erenst Glinne, the
Belgian President of
the Union of Socialist
Parliamentary Groups
of the European Parlia-
ment and activist in
Belgian anti-apartheid
circles; .

@ Former Swedish
Prime Minister Olof
Palme, long a leading
figure in the battle
against South Africa.
Palme, assisted by
Kjeld Oleson of tha
Danish Socialist party\-
led an SI mission to
Southern Africa in Sep-
tember 1977.

This called for a halt
to all arms exports to
the RSA, the prohib-
ition of new investment
in the Republic and
“political support for
the ANC, PAC and Swa-

Final decisions on
what action should be
taken against South
Africa will probably be
taken in December,
when SI holds talks
with the frontline
states in Arusha.

This event is re
garded as of major im-
Portance by the SI Pre-



ZIMBABWE

STATE TO BUY STAKE IN TWO BUS FIRMS
Harare THE HERALD in English 9 Jul 82 pl

[Text] The Government will acquire 49 percent of the shares of the Zimbabwe Omi-
bus Company and the Harare United Omnibus Company, the Minister of Local Government
and Town Planning, Mr Enos Chikowore, said here yesterday.

The minister, who is on a two-day visit to Bulawayo, said the issue of bus subsi-
dies was now a Government matter.

Accordingly, no bus company could sue the city councils for outstanding subsidy ar-
rears in terms of a franchise agreement.

"The Government will participate in urban transport by acquiring 49 percent shares.
The Government and the companies should negotiate about the mechanics of acquiring
the shares and Government participation," he said.

The minister criticised the franchise agreement by which commuters subsidised bus
companies when their profits dropped.

"As a responsible Government, we saw this as unfair to the ordinary taxpayer. He
pays his bus fare and, if the bus company makes a small profit and not a loss, he
pays through city council subsidies," he said.

The Government had done away with subsidies but companies had gone to court to
claim subsidy arrears.

"The councils are no longer involved. It is an issue between the Government and
the companies.

"I would shudder to hear that companies intended suing the city councils because
they would be suing the Government.

"Who are they to contemplate that?" he said.
Mr Chikowore said discussions had already taken place between the Government and

the companies and they "had agreed not to blackmail the Government by instituting
legal proceedings", he said.

108



INKATHA WINDS UP ANTI-DEAL TOUR

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 22 Jul 82 p 9

[text]

Chief Gatsha Buthele-
zis Inkatha move-
ment is hoping for in-
ternational pressure
against. Swaziland
and South Africa to
Block land cession
plans after a three-
nation tour by two
senior © representa-

tives.
Dr Frank Mdlalose,
Inkatha’s national

chairman, and the
movement’s secretary-
general, Dr Oscar Dhlo-
mo, have visited Wash-
ington, New York and
London. Last night
they flew to Bonn to
brief West German Gov-
ernment officials.

They have met
American and British
Government represen-
tatives, briefed the UN
Ambassadors of 26
African countries, met
OAU leaders and talked
with opposition parties

in their attempt to gain.

support.

“We are hoping that
diplomatic pressure will
be applied against
South Africa and Swa-
ziland to stop the cess-
ion of Ingwavuma to
Swaziland,” Dr Dhlomo

cso: 4700/1609

told a Press conference
in London yesterday.
“Swaziland is par-
ticularly vulnerable to
pressure from the OAU,
and we are considering

pass emergency legis-
.lation that would over-
rule court decisions
against giving the land
to Swaziland.

He added: “Even if
the South African Gov-
‘ernment goes ahead,
that won't be the end of
the story. Even after
Swaziland has taken de-
livery of our land, we
will continue to strug-
gle to get it back.” =~

ticians they had met,
but they have been
given’ no commitments
by the British or Ameri-
can authorities. ~
Their main hope is
that the OAU will pub-

72

SOUTH AFRICA

licly denounce Swazi-
land for being a party
to the dispute and apply

was transferred. “We
know the mood of our
people —they are very
angry. Without doubt
there will be blood-

two met’ Dr Chester
Crocker, the US Assist-
ant Secretary of State.

“We were pleased
that he took the matter
very seriously,” said Dr
Dhiomo. “We are quite
certain that at the op-
portune moment the
US will raise the matter
with Swaziland and
South Africa.”

In London they talk-
ed with Mr Cranley On-
slow, Minister of State
at the Foreign Office.

He had listened to.
their case, said Dr Dhlo-
mo, but had not com
mitted the Government
to any particular view
point.

Dr Dhlomo and Dr
Mdlalose are due to re-
turn to South Africa to-
morrow. — Sapa. *



LIBERIA

CONFISCATED PROPERTIES OF FORMER OFFICIALS RETURNED TO OWNERS

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 6 Jul 82 pp 1, 6

[Excerpt]

cso: 4700/1608

A demonstration of nation-
al unity and reconciliation
was Monday exhibited by the
People's Redemption Council
(PRC), when properties of
former government officials
confiscated after the April
1980 revolution were handed
over to their rightful own-
ers.

The Chairman of the PRC,
Head of State ‘Dr. Samuel K.
Doe, said the action is in
fcontinuation of the govern-
ment's move at restoring
‘complete normalcy to ‘the
country. and to motivate all
Liberians to work in unison
for the building of a new
nation,

An Executive Mansion re-
{lease early Monday quoted
the Liberian Leader as say-
ing that the properties of
the 13 former government of-
ficials executed at the time
‘of the revolution do not
form part of those turned
over.

The properties of thirty-
four former government offi-
cials were reacquired in
1980 following the April
coup. They included real and
‘agricultural estates.

24

Government at the time. re-
acquired some 301 identified
houses from the 34 former
officials, Out of that num-
ber, 144 belonged to the 13.

“executed men while 157 were

for the other former offi-
cials.
The deposed and late Pre-

tsident William Tolbert led

the list with 71 houses,
followed by former True Whig
Party General Secretary
Clarence Simpson with 42.
Mr. Taylor Major, a Senator,
was third with 31. Richard
Henries, the late former
Speaker of the defunct
Legislature came fourth with
24 houses, a dozen above the
tate James T. Philips, who
‘owned 12 identified houses,
while Mr. Leroy Francis owns
11 houses.

True Whig Party Treasurer
P, Clarence Parker and | the
late Oliver Bright owned
nine houses each, Messrs
Harrison Grigsby, S. Fdward
|Peal and Carmena Tolbert-
Doe, owned seven houses res-
pectively. Five of the offi-
|cials had five houses each
jwhile the others owned be-
tween one to three.



ZIMBABWE

COUNTRY HAS SUFFICIENT BASIC FOODS, SAYS AMA
Harare THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE in English 9 Jul 82 p 9
industry, including the establish-

[Text] THE chairman of the Agricultural “The crop is sufficient to feed

Marketing Authority, Mr Paddy
Millar, has revealed that despite
the drought and the offtake of
some agricultural products from
the marketing boards being restric-
ted, Zimbabwe has sufficient sup-

plies of basic foods to meet reason-"

able demands.

Some agricultural products have
exportable surpluses which are
earning the country millions of
dollars, he said to complete the
overall picture in his mid-year re-
view of the controlled products
handled under the umbrella of the
AMA.

The AMA is the parent body of
four parastatal marketing organi-
Si s — the Cold Storage Com-
mission, the Cotton Marketing
Board, the Dairy Marketing Board
and the Grain Marketing Board.

'Mr Millar said where restrictions
applied ‘they are generally becau-
se of -substantially increased
demand, sometimes _combined
with reduced output. The restri-
ctions are therefore judicious
controls designed to ensure sup-
plies meet reasonable needs untit
the next-harvest, such as in the case
of wheat, or until supplies are
adequate, such as in the case of
milk.”

Mr Millar commented on the
situation for each controlled pro-
duct.”

MAIZE
“Much Of this season's crop was
affected by the drought and it
estimated at 0,9 million tonnes.
40% of it has so far been delivered
to the marketing board and is of

very high quality,

Zimbabwe and we still have a large
carry over from last season’s 2
million tonne crop.

“A satisfactory export program-
me has been developed with
Zambia, Zaire, Mocambique and,
via the World. Food Programme,
with “many other = African
countries. So far this year a total
of 210 000 tonnes of maize valued
at $28 million has been exported
and exports continue daily.””

WHEAT

“The 1981 winter wheat crop
yielded just over 200 000 tonnes.
Supplies are tight relative to much
higher demand but, in order’to
ensure that normal demands afe
met until the present crop is har-
vested in October, and to faci-
litate the orderly distribution of
wheat stocks, the milling compan-
jes have been advised that their
allocations will be at the same level
as their previous average offtake.

“Field estimates indicate that
the present wheat crop in the lands
could yield in the region of 200 000
tonnes. However, rising demand
may well necessitate importations
of wheat in mid-1983."”

MILK

“In response to improved pro-
ducer prices, milk. production is
showing an encouraging 10%
increase compared to last year.

“MMilk supplies are due to be
augmented through an EEC aid
arrangement involving the impor-
tation of skim-milk powder and
butteroil over the next five years. It
is intended that the funds genera-
ted from the sale.of these products
within Zimbabwe will be utilised to
promote the expansion of the dairy

90

ment of a long life milk. plant at
Chipinge and a co-operative milk.
production scheme in Matabele-
land. .
“A bulk. milk collection scheme
has been funded through a similar
foreign aid scheme and a start has
been made on its implementation.

“All these factors offer an opti-
mistic future for the dairy indus-
try and, while. demand has increas-
ed by. some 30%, it looks as
though we have turned the corner
regarding dairy product shorta-
ges.””

BEEF

“A good start was made last
year on the rebuilding of the
national breeding herd but the
drought has been a setback. The
increased producer prices should
however maintain and promote
confidence in the future of the beef
industry.

“The drought also caused cattle
slaughterings to increase by 31 300

head in the first six months of this
year. This therefore has resulted in
a full supply of beef being availa-
ble to butchers since April. How-
ever, supplies could again become
tight towards the end of this year.

“Limited beneficial exports are
taking place and, if Zimbabwe is to
regain a position on international
beef markets, continuity of supply
of the higher grades of becf must
be maintained.””

COTTON

“It is estimated that this sea-
son’s harvest will.be about 30%
less than last year’s intake of
200 000 tonnes. Over 70% of the
crop has been delivered to date.



FOREIGN MINISTER COMPLAINS OF HABRE'S REBELLION, LIBYAN WITHDRAWAL
London AL-MAJALLAH in Arabic No 123, 19-25 Jun 82 pp 42-44

{Interview with-Acyl Ahmat, former foreign minister of Chad by Muhammad
"Abd-al-Majid; date and place not specified]

/Excerpt/ The Final Interview
Here is the text of the interview with Acyl Ahmat, former foreign minister of Chad:

/Question/ Some African countries consider that a solution to the problem of Chad
will have to be political in the first place, not military. How do you view that?

/Answer/ Yes, the friendly and fraternal African countries have tried a great deal
to solve the problem of Chad in peaceful ways. Among these attempts was the media-
tion by the Sudan and the Organization of African Unity to arrange a reconciliation
between Habre and Malloum. The Khartoum agreement was signed in 1977; we had hoped
that this mediation would bear fruit, in order to implant security and peace in the
various areas of Chad. As you know, civil war broke out again in Njamena and thous-
ands of innocent people lost their lives. The African countries' attempts to re-
solve the problem of Chad by peaceful means and negotiation were unremitting. All
the parties met at Lagos in August 1981, and a reconciliation was achieved among
all the organizations in Chad, which were 11 in number, whereby a transitional Chad
national unity government was formed under the leadership of Goukouni and the super-
vision of the Organization of African Unity. Unfortunately war broke out again,
more ferociously and viciously, on 21 March 1981, between Huseyn Habre, commander
of the northern forces, on the one hand, and the government forces on the other,

and the war is still going on in full force, as you know. No doubt you have ob-
served by yourselves and have become apprised of the destruction to which the city
has been subjected. We do not want war--rather, it is circumstances that are forc-
ing us to it. In fact, we have been forced into it,

/Question/ Why did you refuse to negotiate personally with the commander of the
northern forces, Husein Habre, following the announcement of a general amnesty and
your agreement to negotiate with the northern forces?

/Answer/ Habre is without a doubt a citizen of Chad, but the people of Chad have
suffered because of his ambitions to be president, We consider that Husein is a



DISORDER UNDER BLACK RULE IN ZIMBABWE DEPLORED

Johannesburg THE CITZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 6

[Editorial]

[text]

We have | ‘just had the case of a “Minister

who admitted assaulting an elderly

} White woman motorist.

‘The case of a White MP, Mr Wally Stutta-
ford, 62, who may have won a civil action
for being tortured while in detention, but

: nobody is allowed to give the court’s find-

: ings. And he has remained in detention’
for seven months without trial.

Now, to justify the ending of dual citi-
zenship, which was enshrined in the Lan-
‘caster ‘House Constitution, a Minister
says: “We must never forget that-the-
Limpopo is the boundary of decency in
Africa. Beyond it, southward, Satan rul-
es in thunder and fumes.”

-Forgetting, of course, all the devilish
things that have been going on in his own
country since the Mugabe Government
took over.

We. know, of course, that Zimbabwe. is
heading for one-party rule. Mr Mugabe
has threatened that often enough. .

“Satanic south”

The Minister of Legal and Parliamentary
Affairs, Dr Eddison Zvobgo, who has just
made the “Satanic south” claim and who
has admitted assaulting the woman driv-
er, has made no bones about the fact that
within the next three years he will pres-
ent legislation to make the Constitution
“truly Zimbabwean and truly relevant.”

So much for constitutional safeguards
when a Black Government takes over.

If we were White Zimbabweans, we would
have begun to worry long ago about the
directions being taken by Mugabe and
Co. Especially the way in which the law is
being applied. =.

73

uuntry Zimbabwe has *

SOUTH AFRICA



MATANZIMA SCOFFS AT LAND CLAIM

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 11

[text]

cso:

4700/1585

UMTATA. — Trans-?
kei’s land. claims,”*
based on historical.
grounds”, still stood’
and any jand swops -
involving _ Transkei
getting East Griqua-
land in exchange for.
Sotho-speaking ~- -

}areas in the Transkei

‘were out of the ques-
tion, the Prime Min-
ister, Chief George
Matanzima, said yes-
terday. x

‘Chief Matanzima said
two men in the Western
(Cape claiming to rep-
iresent South Sotho
people there -and in
transkei, were “politi-
cal upstarts”.

Mr Silas Khati and
.Mr Matthew Cabadiya
have said they rep-
resent’ between 2000
and 4 000 South Sothos
in the Western Cape
who wanted Herschel
and Maluti to be incor-
porated“into either Le-
sotho or the Qwaqwa
homeland.

Chief Matanzima said

Transkei claims had
been given to the Van

79

der Walt commission of
inquiry. 7

Transkei’s Deputy-
minister of Education,
Mr S P Kakudi, who
comes from Herschel,
said Mr Khati and Mr
Cabadiya were -people-
who were “brain-
washed with ethnic div-
ision.” — een

He said the fact that]
there were some Sotho-
speaking people in|
these areas did not give’
them sole claim over
the land constituting
these areas above other
tribal. groups resident
there. Be

“Transkei’s _ consti-
tution accommodated
people of various lan-
guage groups and cul-
tures and each was free
to maintain his culture
and language without
interference.

“But all are united
under one constitution.

“However,.those who
opt for citizenship eith-
er of Lesotho or Qwaq-
wa are free to do so
without undue injury to
the constitution of the
country ... it happens
through out the world,”
Mr Kakudi said. —Sapa,,

SOUTH AFRICA



ANGOLA

EDITORIAL REPROACHES CATHOLIC EPISCOPATE

Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 26 Jun 82 p 2

[Editorial: "The Bad Faith of the Catholic Bishops"]

[Text] ANGOP--Just recently, certain Portuguese newspapers reported first-hand
on a meeting of the Angolan Episcopal Conference [CEA] held in Luanda; this

organization includes all bishops of the Catholic Church headquartered in the
People's Republic of Angola [RPA].

Unfortunately, for reasons possible only in the Catholic Church, this event was
completely ignored in our country where, paradoxically, the CEA was held.

According to the newspaper, NOTICIAS DE TARDE, published in the Portuguese city

of Porto, the respected or "self-denying" bishops of the Angolan Catholic Church,
speaking in Luanda, were said to have expressed sorrow over a condemnable crime
which, according to information we received, occurred recently near Viana in

which four persons, one of them a missionary and the other three his collaborators,
were shot and ‘killed by two criminals.

The completely exclusive reporting of this news in Portugal, depriving the
Angolans of knowledge about the CEA meeting and its results, ended with insin-
uations by the bishops who were interrogated "about the objectives of such a
monstrous occurrence" that, in their opinion, this event" must be connected
with other equally regrettable events" and that, again according to the news-
papers, they felt it necessary to inform the Angolan officials of the "growing
concern of the faithful" about the cases of violence "which are being reported
almost everywhere" in the RPA. However, they did not state precisely to what
“monstrous occurrence" or "cases of violence" reference was being made.

Two important aspects stand out in this new procedure of the Catholic Church
in relation to the Angolan state and the prevailing social system in the RPA:
one is the discriminatory attitude taken with regard to the public opinion of a
country whose people accepts the practice of all cults, so long as they are
compatible with the public order and national interest; the other is the
ambiguity contained in the statements made, which is giving rise to insidious
speculation abroad against the Angolan revolution.



A short-term lull was expected in the building industry as investors in factory
buildings absorb the shock of the increase.

A Roberts Construction Company estimator, Mr Darcy Higgs, said the cost of putting
up a steel framed factory building would go up by about 8 percent.

A Zisco spokesman said the price had been increased because the cost of iron and
steel production had risen considerably. The company had not raised its prices
for the past 18 months.

CSO: 4700/1606

107



THOUSANDS STRIKE AT THREE CAR ASSEMBLY PLANTS

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 15

[text]

csO: 4700/1585

PORT ELIZABETH.
— Thousands of}
workers at three car’
assembly plants in
Port Elizabeth and.
Uitenhage went on
strike yesterday, vir-'
tually halting produc-
tion. te
A Volkswagen offic-
ial said work at their’
plant had resumed~
after about an hour,
but an eyewitness re:
ported that hundreds of
Volkswagen workers
were seen going home.
‘At the Ford assembly"
plant in Port Elizabeth,
2200 workers were re-
ported to have gone on
strike yesterday. They
apparently began to
damage cars on the
and the police
‘were put on standby.
Ford workers held a

77

the strike was appar-
ently caused by dissatis-
faction over the refusal
to accept the workers”
demands for a higher
minimum starting sal-
ary. There was no offic-
ial comment. -
Mr Rubin Els, head of
liaison at Volkswagen
in Uitenhage, told re-
porters workers had re-
turned after about an
hour and production
was back to normal.

the reason for -the
strike, he said.
The

“ently arose from Wed-
nesday’s i
over minimum wages by
the Industrial Council
of the Motor Industry
in the Eastern Cape. No

discussions -

SOUTH AFRICA



Instead, it will handle up to 5 000 carcases a week, palletize beef for export by
air, and have a de~boning room, and a plant to produce "cooked frozen beef".

A pet food preparation area, using materials supplied by the outlying abattoirs for
processing, will be included to replace existing plant.

Meanwhile, modifications costing $428 000 are under way at the existing factory in
Harare to keep it in operation until the complex is completed.

These include a chill hold, a butcher/supply section and improved facilities to
ease current supply problems.

Other developments valued at $3,5 million are also in the pipeline.

Alterations to abattoirs at Marondera and Chinhoyi costing $475 000 each are aimed
at bringing them in line with veterinary standards required by the European Economic
Community, which has agreed to take 8 100 tonnes of Zimbabwean beef under the terms
of the Lome Convention, worth $25 million in foreign earnings a year.

"It is imperative that the factories be registered (with the EEC) without indue de-
lay so that foreign currency earning potential of the industry can be fully exploited,"
added Mr Baxter.

Upgrading the Kadoma abattoir will cost about $2,8 million to ensure the plant con-
tinues to operate efficiently and conforms with EEC rules.

The GSC has also just installed a $260 000 computer to replace its outdated punch
card system, which will enable the commission to calculate cattle values and pay-

ments to producers, compilation and analysis of slaughter statistics, sales, produc-
tion and stores, creditors and its staff payroll.

CSO: 4700/1606

103



STUTTAFORD WINS POLICE TORTURE CASE

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Jul 82 p 3

[Article by Aida Parker]

[Text] ANALYSTS familiar with the Stuttaford case”

claim that he was deliberately “set up” by an
agent provocateur acting on behalf of Zim-
babwe’s Central Intelligence Office, seeking to
connect him with threatened efforts to overthrow

the Mugabe Government.

‘This agent, representing himself as from a
Black political party, which seemingly does not
exist, pretended to want advice on constitutional
methods whereby Mr Mugabe could be prevented
from establishing a one-party state.

‘That, it is stated, is why Mr Stuttaford was sub-
jected to unrelenting torture. He had nothing to

confess.

But it was felt that, if subjected to sufficient
brutality, he would break down and admit to any-
thing, just to stop the agony.

against four of Mr Ro-
bert Mugabe’s Yugos-
lav-trained secret

In this case, Mr Stut-
taford (Republican
Front, Bulawayo
South) claimed R27 000
from Zimbabwe's Cen-
tral Intelligence Orga-
nisation for aggravated
assault suffered while
in detention.

Till now, all the de-
tails of both the case
and the verdict. have
been suppressed as “top
secret” on direct orders
from the Zimbabwean
Minister of Justice, Mr
Simbi Mubako.

Requests in Parlia-
ment by Mr Stutta-
ford’s RF colleagues for
even an abridged ver

sion of the verdict were
refused by Mr Mubako,

legal and political cir-
cles is that the verdict
was suppressed in an
effort to support gov-
ernment claims that
any suggestion that Mr
Stuttaford was mis-

rumour.”

The hearing, before
Mr Justice Waddington,
was set down for three
days in mid-June. The
court roll listed “Mr R
Matongo and three

others” as the respon-_

dents in the case.

A series of sworn
statements made by Mr
Stuttaford to his advo-

88

January comprised part
of the court record.

Copies of these state-
ments (21 pages in the
original) are now in the
hands of The Citizen
and certain overseas
publications. There
should be simultaneous
publication in London
today.

In his. Statements,
the tall, greying, bes-
pectacled Mr Stutta-
ford (62) says he was
arrested at his Bula-
wayo home on Decem-
ber 10 by one White and
two Black men. The
White man identified
himself as Mr Scott
from CIO and said he
was arresting Mr Stut-
taford under the Zim-
babwean___ Emergency.
Powers.

The officers refused
to disclose why Mr Stut-
taford was being ar-
rested. He was allowed
to phone his wife, who
arrived, “very worried,
very upset”.

He was then taken to
the Kumalo airstrip
and flown by Lynx air-
craft to Harare. Land-
ing at the New Sarum
military airport, he was
immediately removed
to Chikurubi. Placed in
solitary, he was the
next morning dressed
in “detainee” prison

ZIMBABWE

garb “which I am still
wearing”.

* In his January state-
ments Mr Stuttaford
says he took no toilet
items with him. He had
no comb “so my hair
bas been uncombed
since I arrived here and
as I have no toothbrush
my teeth have been
dirty all the time I have
been here”.

On December 14, he
was taken to a down-
stairs interview room
where he was con
fronted by Detective In-
spector Mureverwi and
three Blacks. Torture
began in the afternoon
session when he was
made to sit on the floor
and thrown forcibly
back when he tried to
rise.As there was a
monitor camera in the
room, he was made to
sit in a corner out of its

range.

“I was told to remove
my spectacles. This
alerted me to the possi-
bility of violence. They
kicked me, punched me,
pulled my hair and
pinched me. They also
placed pens between my
fingers and squeezed
my hands. This did not
break the skin but was
very painful.

“I must make it clear
that Mr Mureverwi
never touched me. The
others all assaulted
me.” *



INGWAVUMA =

SOUTH AFRICA

HOTTEST LEGAL POTATO SINCE 1950'S

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 2 Jul 82 p 9

{Article by Patrick Laurence}

[text]

UNTIL last week few South Africans
outside Natal and KwaZulu had
heard of Ingwavuma, but since mid-
June it has been in the public
ae as major news and — since last

iday — at the centre of the most
intense legal dispute since the re-
moval of coloured voters from the
common roll in the Cape in the 1950s.

Ingwavuma, a stretch of territory run-
ning through KwaZulu along the SA- Mo-
zambique border, first began to attract
wider public attention on June 14 with the
announcement by Dr Piet Koornhof of
South Africa's intention to cede it — to-
gether with KaNgwane — to Swaziland.

‘Amid cries of anger from Zulus and a
chorus of protest across a political spec-
trum from the Azanian People’s Organi-
sation to the New Republic Party, the
next step came on June 18 with publica-
tion of Proclamation R109.

‘Under it Dr Koornhof, Minister of Co-
operation and Development, purported to
take Ingwavuma from KwaZulu’s juris-
dicton and place it under his department.

Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, acting through
his Minister of Education, Oscar
Dhlomo, brought an urgent application
before the Natal Supreme Court asking
for an interdict against a takeover of the

area by Dr Koornhof's department.

On Friday night Mr Justice Shearer, of
the Natal Supreme Court, declared the
excision of Ingwavuma illegal on the
grounds that there had been insufficient
consultation with the KwaZulu Cabinet,
as required by the Black States Constitu-
tion Act of 1971.

He ordered that Ingwavuma revert to
KwaZulu’s control until the dispute is
heard before the Natal Supreme Court on
August 2.

Less than three days later, on Monday
June 28, the Government issued a second
proclamation, Ri21, re-excising Ingwa-
vuma from KwaZulu and placing it once

56

more under the Department of Co-oper-
ation and Development. The second proc-
Jamation was issued under a different Act
from the first.

‘Instead of the Black States Constitution
‘Act, the second proclamation relied pri-
marily for its authority on the Black Ad-
ministration Act of 1927, which was
thought to empower the Government to
alter the borders of “black homelands”
without consultation.

‘The second proclamation repealed the
first and was declared to be operative
from June 18, the date on which the first
was promulgated.

But within hours of publication of the
second proclamation in the Government

Gazette lawyers for the KwaZulu Cabinet
were preparing to test its validity with
another urgent application to the Natal
Supreme Court.

.e second application was heard be-
fore a full bench of the Natal Supreme
Court on Wednesday.

Three judges, Mr Justice Milne, Mr
Justice Van Heerden, and Mr Justice
Kriek, found that the State President had
exceeded his powers in the second procla-
mation’ and that the proclamation was ~
therefore null and void. Lawyers for the
Government immediately notified the
court of their intention to appeal.

‘But the question of who should lawfully
administer Ingwavuma — KwaZulu or
the Deparment of Co-operation and De-
velopment — until the Appeal Court gives
its decision was unclear yesterday.

‘Lawyers for KwaZulu contended that
when the Natal Supreme Court declared
the second proclamation invalid, the situ-
ation reverted to what it was last Friday
after Mr Justice Shearer's judgment.

He ordered the return of Ingwavuma to
KwaZulu until August 2, when the first
proclamation’s validity will again be ar-
gued before the Natal Supreme Court.

Lawyers for the Government, however,
hold that Ingwavuma should be under the
Department of Co-operation and Depart-
ment until their appeal on the second



"At this stage some of these things appear to be nearly irresolvable, but
just like the case of the Rhodesian settlement, it can be expected that the
momentum of the negotiations which has built up so far, will now come to an
accomplishment."

He said that it is simply a natural thing for the people to inquire with
concern about the final outcome of the independence process.

Apart from the strategic value of an independent South-West "the immediate
matter of frustration is the future of our people in the new state, because
the South-West dwells deeply in our past and in our hearts."

On the positive side it may be said that no other former colonial country in
Africa has ever become independent with such a solid infrastructure and
possibilities for economic growth.

On the negative side there is the grip which SWAPO has gotten over the years
on the internal members of the family and on. world opinion as though it
were a liberation force and the true representative of the indigenous

population.

7964
cso: 4701/100

52



cso:

over the actual fiscal year
1981/82 level.

Despite the.-revenue short-

fall,Head of State Doe said,
government expenditures had
continued to increase, re-
sulting to ahigh deficit
spending of the budget.
» Of the total estimated
income of $397.6 million
it was disclosed that $258
million derived from domes-
tic sources, while $138.6
million comes from loans and
‘grants,indicating a deficit
of $72.4 million.

4700/1608

The funding of this de-
ficit,the Head of State told
the meeting, could be
achieved through borrowing
from domestic banks and
through .the institution of
some stringent and sacrifi-
cial policy measures.

He said negotiation with
the National Bank of Liberia
has resulted to the ‘exten-
sion of a credit amounting
to $30 million against the
funding of the deficit, leav-
ing a large balance of $42.4
million which must be elimi-
nated.



The administrator added that this action showed the involvement and coordina-
tion of various sectors such as piloting for the authorization of the use of
the tugboat "Massalo" and of a mobile crane.

"Since last year, ships could enter the port of Beira only from dawn to sunset
because at night it is not possible because of lack of signals," our source
told us when he listed the results of the present status of the buoys in the
port of Beira channel that are now being replaced.

11634
CSO: 4742/338

43



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

USSR NAVAL SQUADRON VISITS--Five naval units of the Soviet Union's navy are
visiting the Mozambican ports of Maputo and Beira starting tomorrow for a
period of 9 and 7 days, respectively, it was disclosed yesterday by sources at
the USSR Embassy in Maputo, confirmed by the Navy of Mozambique. The vessels
of the Soviet squadron are commanded by RAdm M. N. Khropopulo and came to the
People's Republic of Mozambique under the provisions of the cooperation treaty
signed between the USSR and the RPM [People's Republic of Mozambique]. The
group which is to visit Maputo consists of the large subchaster "Vasiliy
Chapayev," a submarine, and a tanker; it will stay in the port’ of the Mozambi-
can capital from 23 June until 2 July of this year. The fleet, which is vis-
iting Beira, consists of the salvage vessels "Apcheron" and "Donbass" and will
pay a working visit to the port of the capital of Sofala between 23 and 30
June. The last time units of the USSR navy visited Mozambique was last Decem-
ber. RAdm Gennadiy Semenov at that time commanded the destroyer "Tallin," the
training vessel "Letuchi," and the tanker "Kamens—Uralski." [Text] [Maputo
NOTICIAS in Portuguese 22 Jun 82 p 1] 5058

PORTUGUESE BOOK FAIR--A Portuguese book fair, with about 40,000 works, will
soon be held in Maputo, on which occasions editions will be sold at reduced
prices, we were told by Rui Nogar, of the Secretariat of State for Culture,
after this agency began conversations with a delegation from the Portuguese
Minister of Culture which returned to its country recently. In addition to the
book fair, there will also be cultural exchanges, exchanges of delegations and
artists, awards of study scholarships and mutual support in various other
areas of cultural activities, Rui Nogar added. After having stayed in the
country for a week, the Portuguese delegation talked to the Mozambican secre-
tary of state for culture to establish preliminary contacts so as to draft a
cultural agreement between the two countries. The visiting delegation con-
sists of Alcado Baptista, director of the Portuguese Book Institute; Joana
Varela, in charge of a department in that institute; and Rodrigues Rocha,

legal advisor to the Ministry of Culture. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese
23 Jun 82 p 2] 5058

NEW RESIDENCY CARD--According to a communique of the FRELIMO Party Central Com-
mittee secretariat, issued on Saturday, a residency card will be created in our
country, to be introduced in Maputo and other cities in the first stage,

and later throughout the country, as one of the immediate measures that will
allow the party and the state to control uncoordinated migratory movement

from the countryside to the cities. This communique, which stresses that this
will solve the basic problem of migration to the cities and implement our
strategy of socialization of the countryside, points to the serious political,

47



International advertisements are difficult to adjust, because the black
consumer knows that the person involved is not a Zulu or a Sotho.

On the other hand they like to buy the products because these are being
used by international stars.

In a car sales situation, where a prominent black customer is facing a
salesman, that salesman must be a white person and he must speak either in
English or in Afrikaans. For the black viewer this is a reality and a black
salesman is not acceptable.

Flowers in a sick room are out--in a black residence there are no flowers,
and if flowers are to be found there, they are there only in the living
room and only during weekends.

The music used in advertising must have a black association—-it must be the
kind of music they like.

For the whites it is not so strange to see the man help wash the dishes,
but this is not done in a black family. If the man does wash the dishes
there must be a reason for it and it must be stated very clearly that this
is a one-time affair.

Of course another problem is that where one person can be used for a number
of different advertisements in white advertisements, this cannot be done in
black advertisements, because the advertising would then -lose its credibil-
ity.

Language is another problem. If the actor is not a Zulu, but a Sotho who
speaks Zulu well, the viewer will find out and the advertisement's realism
is lost to him.

Grant is of the opinion that many advertisements are unsuccessful because
they do not have a black element in them. Advertisers also forget that the
black viewer interprets the advertisement literally. What they see is what
they believe.

7964
cso: 4701/101

76



GUINEA-BISSAU

PAIGC, CPSU STRENGTHEN RELATIONS
Bissau NO PINTCHA in Portuguese 19 Jun 82 pp 4-5

[Text] The PAIGC and the CPSU have decided to strengthen the existing relations
between the two parties and to fulfill the interparty plan for 1982/83. The
decision was made at the conclusion of a week-long visit of a CPSU delegation
to our country at the invitation of our party.

During the visit, the Soviet delegation headed by Comrade Yri Kuchepatov,
second secretary of the Arkhangelsk region party committee and deputy to
the RSFSR Supreme Soviet, was received in audience by comrades Victor Saude
Maria, member of the PAIGC (Political Bureau) vice president of the Council
of the Révolution, and prime minister, and Vasco Cabral of the [Political
Bureau] and permanent secretary of the Central Committee.

In the meantime, at a special working session which was attended by those
high ranking representatives of the party andthe Soviet ambassador in our
country, Lev Krilov, the two delegations expressed satisfaction with the
excellent relations between the PAIGC and the CPSU and exchanged opinions
on the experience of the two parties and states regarding the process of
socioeconomic development in the two countries.

Support to People's Struggle

Analyzing the international political situation the two parties reached a
consensus on various questions, especially those concerning international
threats to peace and security, and at the same time they condemned the arms
race that has been developing recently. Peace initiatives and efforts made
in this connection by President Leonid Brezhnev were stressed by both delega-
tions which, moreover, reaffirmed their support to the people's struggle,
especially those of Namibia and South Africa, conducted by their vanguards,
the SWAPO and the ANC respectively.

The barbaric aggressions of racist South Africa on the territories of the
Front Line countries were condemened by the PAIGC and the CSPU, who praised
the heroic struggle of the Palestinians under the leadership of the PLO,

and condemned recent Zionist aggressions against the Arab people, especially
in Lebanon. As to Latin America, both parties reaffirmed their unyielding
support to the cause of the Latin American peoples who are struggling to
maintain their sovereignty and in defense of their territorial, cultural and
historical patrimony.

10



SOUTH AFRICA

INTERNATIONAL ARRANGEMENT CONSIDERED TO BE WITHIN SIGHT
Johannesburg DIE TRANSVALER in Afrikaans 28 May 82 p 5
[Article by Gus Cluver: "A New System Necessary for South-West Africa"]

[Text] Pretoria--The next year will be a determining one for the future of
both South Africa and South-West Africa. Support for an obsolete system
is going to promote a SWAPO victory. But a strong build-up of a new order
of freedom is going to ensure liberation for the South-West and all its
inhabitants.

This is what Prof Marinus Wiechers, the director of the Institute for Foreign
Law and Law Comparison at the University of South. Africa, said in Pretoria
yesterday. He was. speaking at. the monthly. dinner of the North Transvaal
branch of the Public Communication. Institute of South Africa. ote

ie Bive hee
Professor ‘Wiechers said that it would be naive to be overoptimistic about
the future of the South-West. At the present time it would be realistic

to assume a reasonably pessimistic attitude.

Nevertheless, he is convinced. that a free democratic. system based.on free
enterprise is already well established and that.a national leadership for
resisting communist influence is there.

What is lacking is an enormous and pérsistent effort to bring to. its full
completion the mandate which was given to South Africa in 1920.and the
sacred trust for ensuring the spiritual and material well-being of the
inhabitants.

Professor Wiechers. said that during. the past years' difficult international
negotiations South Africa gave steadfast evidence of being an irreproachable
negotiator.

Independence for the South-West has now reached a decisive phase. Although
it could appear that there are yet unsurmountable difficulties before the
flag of freedom can be hoisted in Windhoek, developments are inevitably
leading to.an international arrangement.. The acceptance of a free election,
international supervision and the release of political prisoners was arranged
more than 3 years ago and all that remains is the agreement. on how these
things are to be put into practice.

51



Cape Flats. Squatters 85

Federal System Urged 85
Kangwane Hearing 85
TANZANTA
Measures To Ensure Success of Crop Purchase, Transport
(Editorial; UHURU, 11 Jun 82)...... cc cece cece cece neccece 86
ZIMBABWE
Stuttaford Wins Police Torture Case
(Aida Parker; THE CITIZEN, 19 Jul 82)... 88
Country Has Sufficient Basic Foods, Says AMA
(THE FINANCIAL GAZETTE, 9 Jul 82).. on 90
Todd Blames State for Food Shortages
(THE HERALD, 14 Jul 82)....eeeescecescceeeee ee ecccccceces 92
ZAPU-Linked Firms Officially Banned
(THE HERALD, 16 Jul 82)...... ree eee eee 93

Socialism Best for Zimbabwe, Says Andersen
(THE HERALD, 9 Jul 82) ..ccececcecccccccccccccccesecrsece 94

Home Minister Raps Courts
(THE HERALD, 14 Jul 82)......ccsccccccccscccerecccevesceee 95

White Exodus Blamed on 'RF Lies'
(THE HERALD, 9 Jul 82)...... eee ns « 97

Government Plan To Purchase Farmland Reported
(THE HERALD, 12 Jul 82)......ceeeeeeeeeeeee seccccecccceeee 98

Great Zimbabwe Book Sparks Row
(Peta Thornycroft; THE HERALD, 9 Jul 82)....ceeeeeeeeeeceee 99

Probe of ZCTU Finances Underway
(THE HERALD, 9 Jul 82)....ceeeeececeec ccc cccceesesevesecces LOL

CSC Planning New Complexes
(BUSINESS HERLAD, 15 Jul 82)....ceeccceeecccceccccceeceeees 1027

Metals Slump Hits 177 Mines
(THE CLILZEN, 19 Jul 82)....ccccccecnceccrcecccctteceeecces 104

"Subsidies' To Save Our Mines, Says RAL
(THE BUSINESS HERALD, 15 Jul 82)....... beac eee ener eeneee -- 105



cso:

oFSs
ROYAL NATIONAL PARK
_ @SERCUILLE
@ WINTERTON

Na4 ry

. 2

~ CATHEDRAL PEAK: T
Hil
LESOTHO | iets CATHKIN PEAK

GIANTS CASTLE | i}
i
|

EXISTING PARKS & FORESTS
PROPOSED ADDITIONS
UNDERBERS.
BULWER@

e .

The Government proposes’adding these pockets of land in the Drakensberg
to areas which are already under the control of the Natal Parks Board.
The proposed additions to the board’s conservation area are part of the
compensation the Government intends to give the board for the loss of
existing game reserves which are earmarked for inclusion in kwaZulu
which, in turn, stands to lose the Ingwavuma area to Swaziland.

y,

4700/1609

68



cso:

royalty will be paid during
the second four years. The
agreement stipulated that
each succeeding year there-
after a four percent royalty
would be paid. -

The release noted. that
anlike - othér Iron Ore Con-
cession agreements, the
royalty "paid or accrued
shall not be credited to-
wards income tax."

While the concessionaire
shall maintain one or more
accounts with Liberian banks
into which shall- be paid
proceeds of iron ore and

iron ore products,both sides -

also agreed that the Libe-
rianization policy would go
-into full force with the
hiring of qualified, ~“ttbe- -

rians for technical,adminis—
trative and managerial posi-
tions.

J

The release notes that the
terms -of this agreement show

an improvement over those of

other iron ore agreement,
adding . "when the Bea
4700/1608

23> a

‘sel of the Bea Mining

Mountain comes on. stream
more benefits should accrue
to Government. :
"Businesslike and friend=
ly" was how Counsellor
Toye C..Barnard, Legal Coun-
Com
pany described the negotia-
tion. The Counsellor who was
an active participant in the
Regotiation, said both gov-
ernment and the Concession :
Seemed “to manifest interest

vin seeing thatthe... projest,

materializes.

In an interview Thursday
with this paper,he said. the
next step after the
signing of the agreement
would be a consortium where-
in the company would attract
@ group of buyers. Within
the next two years the pro-
ject would take off. the
ground, he added.

He said the Bea Mining Com-

pany would . engage in the
simplest and cheapest kind’
of mining. Bea will mine

both weathered and semi wea~
thered ore.



of the tremendous fol-
lowing I enjoy amongst
my people — so much
so in fact that I was
offered vice-
premiership or the op-
portunity to become
South Africa’s first am-
bassador in Swaziland.
I turned down: both
offers.

“It is not in my
nature nor outlook to
intimidate anybody —
in fact I am often
accused of being too
restrained and Chris-
tian-like in my ap-
proach. -

“I naturally under-
stand their feelings but
a ‘general’ cannot go
and tell his people to

fight unless you are
certain of victory with
only a few casualties.”

Mr Mabuza said that
by far the majority of
kaNgwane’s citizens
were totally opposed to
incorporation.

“In Swaziland we
have been labelled
“second class  Swazis”
and the people fear
severe discrimination
once incorporation.
takes place.

PENSIONS

“We have got accus-
tomed to being discrim-
inated against by
whites but the South
African Swazi feels it
will be 10 times worse

Townships Reject SA's Land Deal

to be _ discriminated
against. by a fellow
Swazi,” Mr Mabuza
said. ;
Mr Mabuza_ said
many nationalists and
conservatives had ex-
pressed concern regard-
ing the land deal in
discussion with him.

South African Swazis
feared loss of property,
pensions and other
benefits, and in parti-
cular, unemployment.

Jobs in Swaziland
were harder to come
by than in South
triea and_ people
feared that through
discrimination they
might lose their well
paid positions to the
“pure” Swazis, he said.

NELSPRUIT — The Mayor of kaNya-
mazane, Mr E M Ginindza; the Mayor
of Matsulu, Mr S Zwane; and the
Mayor of kaBokweni, Mr J M
Matsana, kaNgwarie’s three largest
townships, have rejected the pro
posed Swazi land deal.

After a joint meeting of the
three town councils, the mayors, who
represent. 80 percent of kaNgwane’s
population, approached Nelspruit
lawyers, Mr Steve Hefferman and Mr
Dirk Bosman, regarding the legal
aspects of the proposed alienation of
kaNgwane into Swaziland.

“If a referendum had been held
the vast majority would have been
against incorporation. How then can
it be legally be thrust upon us with-
out our consent?” they asked.

66

At the meeting the councils
Tesolved that:

@ The people of kaBokweni,
kaNyamazane and Matsulu reject
Swaziland citizenship.

@ They, their parents and distant
forefathers had never lived in Swazi-
land.

@ The Swazis in South Africa
were not prepared to sacrifice the
sweat, energy and time that had
been devoted to the moulding and
building up of the Lowveld.

@ All the people employed . in
businesses and homes should ask
their employers to make their feel-
ings known to the Government.

@ A signed petition be drawn
up and submitted to the Govern-
ment to demonstrate the objections.



CSO:

4700/1609

their family has been in Ing-
‘wavuma for so long that they
have become an integral part
of the area.

“We sometimes find it
lonely here. But it does not
bother us too much. We have
enough work on our hands to
keep ‘us occupied.”

e Government moves to
cede Ingwavuma and other
large tracts of South African
land to Swaziland has al-
ready caused problems in the
arith th ibility of t

ith the possibility of trou-
ble breaking out in Ingwa-
yuma, Mr Moore said some
families had decided to leave
the area to avoid getting in-
volved in fights.

Some people had also |

shelved plans to improve

their homes or to build new |

ones.

decline in our sale of building
material in recent times. We
have also had a big drop in
customers for furniture.”

Shock

Mr Moore said that be-
cause of the uncertainty over
the area, they had also decid-
ed to shelve plans for expand-
ing their shops.

The expansions would
have cost at least R80 000.

“I haven’t met a single per-
son in Ingwavuma who has

59

“There has been a major

said he would be happy under
Swazi rule,” he said.

“This whole Thove to cede
the’ area to Swaziland has
come as a shock to people
here, and many are still reco-
vering from it.”

‘Asked about the possibility
of violence erupting in the.
area over the Government's.
proposed land deal, Mr,
Moore said: “Who knows?-
Who can tell for sure what:
will happen.” *

Mrs Girlie Naicker, a
member of the only Indian
family living in Ingwavuma,
regards herself as more of a,
Zulu than an Indian.

Having lived among Zutus
most of her life, she has a
passion not only for their tra-
ditions but also for the soli-
tude that the remote area in
which she lives with her hus-
band, Dan, 29, her 2%4-year-
old baby girl, and her sister~
in-law, Meena, offers. -;~

She’ is also clear abdut
where she stands in the land.
deal dispute.

“T was born a South Afri-,
can and I intend remaining
so. I don’t want to come un-
der the control of the Swazi-
land Government,” she said.

Mrs Naicker. 23, who
works as a cashier in one of
the Moores’ stores with her
husband and_ sister-in-law,
sees Ingwavuma and its peo-
ple as her own.



cso:

Apartheid

As a further manifestation of
the’ PRC’s recognition of
organized labour in the country,
he said, the Liberian leader, C-I-
C Dr. Samuel K. Doe, invited:
the Labour Union to participate
in the framing of the new
Liberian‘ constitution.

The question of unemploy-
ment, especially among young
people, the Arab-Israeli issue,

ithe Lebanese and“Polish ques-

tion as well as apartheid in South
Africa were among major topics
discussed at the three-week con-
ference, he said.

On Liberia’s present position
on Apartheid, Mr. Harmon said
Liberian workers welcome “all
recommendations: directed
against the. Apartheid Govern-
-ment of South Africa, including
«mandatory economic sanctions
decided by the United Nations”.
. He informed the conference
of Liberia’s long-standing op-
* position to race separation and.
« called on world leaders to work

4700/1608

17

/ relentlessly together for the total
‘liberation of the people of South
| Africa.

The Pope

South Africdl, “who "at"
pense of mass arrest, brutality,
imprisonment and murder,”
{continue to..forge ahead .with
[-building trade uriién movement
‘in South Africa. ~
'. Counsellor Harmon called on
member states of the ILO “‘to
"work harder with dedication and
: commitment to achieve the goals
and objectives of mankind in his
fight for more’ dignity and fair
returns for work performed”’.
'. While in Geneva, the trade
union executive held talks with
_ several world leaders, including
“the head of the AFL-CIO, Mr.
Kirgland. -
He also expressed personal
‘satisfaction ‘with his audience
‘pithy Pope Folin Paun! 41, WAT
promised to offer special prayer
\for Liberia and its leaders and

i people.



MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

DIEGO GARCIA ISSUE--Port Louis (Mauritius)--The Seychelles has thrown its weight
behind Mauritius's campaign for the return of Diego Garcia atoll which Britain
leases to the US as a military base. Visiting Seychelles president Albert Rene
said in a speech in Port Louis at the weekend that his government would support
the newly-elected left-wing Mauritain government's campaign for the return of
Diego Garcia and the demilitarisation of the Indian Ocean. "Seychelles will do
all it can to uphold the sovereignty of Mauritius over Diego Garcia. It will use
all its diplomatic insight to work towards the dismantling of the US base in Diego
Garcia," he said. Britain retained control of the Chagos Archipelago, which inclu-
des Diego Garcia, when Mauritius became independent from Britain in 1968. [Text]
[Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Jul 82 p 12]

CsO: 4700/1602

33



DETAILS ON KANGWANE ISSUE HEARING GIVEN

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 23 Jul 82 p 2

[Article by Dan Marais]

[text]

AN application to de-
clare invalid a pro-
clamation dissolving
the Kangwane Legis-
lative Assembly was
yesterday referred to
a full Bench of the
Supreme Court by
Mr Justice A P My-
burgh in the Pretoria
Supreme Court.

The application was
brought on behalf of
the Executive Commit-~
tee of Kangwane.

Mr Justice Myburgh
said that he, as a single
judge, did not want to
decide on the validity of
the proclamation.

Earlier, counsel for
Kangwane, Mr Dave
Gordon SC, said the cor-
rect procedures had not
been followed before
the proclamation was
issued by the State
President. For this
reason, the proclama-
tion was not valid.
Therefore, the assump-
tion of control of the re-
gion by the South Afri-
can Government since
June 18 should also be
‘seen as invalid.

However, Mr Gordon
said later that he had
discussed the matter
with the former Chief
Minister of Kangwane,
Chief Enos John Mabu-
za, who had indicated
that he would accept
the position if an inter-
.im order could not be

cso: 4700/1609

granted and the matter
were referred to the
full bench.

Mr Mabuza said the
uncertainty and unrest
in the area could be
contained as long as the
people realised the mat-
ter was receiving atten-
tion.

Mr Justice Myburgh
granted a request from

Mr Gordon that the

Judge President of the
Transvaal should be ap-
proached to find, as a
matter of urgency, a
date on which the full
Bench could hear the
application. He said he
would see to this him-
self.

‘The judge said he
would decide at a Iater
stage on an application
by counsel for the
South African Govern-
ment for costs against
Mr Mabuza in his per-
sonal capacity.

In his founding affi-
davit, Mr Mabuza said a
chain of disruption and
antagonism had fol-
lowed the Government
Bi ‘oclamation, dissolv-
ing the Kangwane
Legislative Assembly.

On June 25 he receiv-
ed a telephone call from
the minister of Co-oper-
ation and Development,
Dr Piet Koornhof, in
which he was instruc-
ted to vacate his office.

On July 6 he and

other members of the

53

Legislative Assembly
were locked out of their
offices. These actions
led to widespread un-
rest among the popula-
tion. ~

On July 3 a fire broke
out in the offices of the
Superintendent of Edu-
cation in Kamlushwa
and considerable dam-
age was caused to files
and documents.

Attendance at the
school had also dropped
considerably and the
administrative ma-
chinery had virtually
ground to a standstill
because the civil ser-
vants did not have ac-
cess to their offices
from time to time.

The members of. the
Legislative Assembly
gathered early yester-
day morning on the
steps of the Supreme
Court awaiting the
opening of the trial.
Shortly after 11 am
they filed into court
and listened attentively
while counsel were ar-
guing their case.

Mr I W B de Villiers,
SC, representing the
Government, told the
court that the urgent
application stood on
two legs. The first was
th allegations by the ap-
plicants and the second
was the legal standing
of the Legislative As-
sembly to bring the ap-
plication to court.

SOUTH AFRICA

Mr De Villiers
claimed that _ the-
Kangwane Legislative
Assembly was dissolved
in terms of Government

proclamation
Roe /1982 on June 18
and it therefore had no
legal standing.

In the same way the
second applicant, the
chief executive of the
Assembly, Chief Mabu-
za had no legal stand-

ig.

Mr Gordon submitted
that the use. of force
and violence to take
over the Kangwane
Legislative Assembly

was no different from
the force of a Govern-
ment Gazette proclama-
tion.

Mr De Villiers sub-
mitted that the SA Gov-
ernment had in no way
acted illegally as they
wereadministering

Kangwana in accord-
ance with a proclama-
tion also passed by the
State President.

Mr Gordon countered
that Mr De Villier’s ar-
gument had a funda-
mental flaw in it when
he said the proclama-
tion was valid until it.
had been declared inva-
lid. A proclamation by
the State President
could not be equated
with an Act of Parlia-
ment as he was not act-
ing within these pow-
ers.



TALKS HELD TO ENABLE PEOPLE TO TAKE PART IN CONSTITUTION REFERENDUM

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 8 Jul 82 pp 1, 10

[Article by Westmore Dahn]

[Text]

The machinery for implemen-
ting the new constitution nearing
completion’ has begun to be,
discussed and would cost several
million dollars, according to ex-
perts at the Unity Conference
Center.

The discussions which began
yesterday at a three-day sym-
\posium, organized by the Na-
tional Constitution Commission,
are based on strategies for voters
registration, education of the
:broad masses of the Liberian
people and the dimension of the
electoral districts, among others,

The objectives of the present
symposium: -according to the
Commission .arey.among.. other
things, to explore “ways and
means by Which ‘the “Liberian
people could be made: to par-
ticipate fully in voting on the
referendum of the ew: constitu
tion .and. subsequent, participa-
tion in the exercise of .a
_ democratic government. ‘

Burden

Addressing participants during
the opening ceremony, Dr.
Amos Sawyer, Chairman of the
Commission, said the entire ex-
ercise would cost about $3.1
million, which is limited to ‘the
financial burden on the govern-
~ment.

20

He said the drafting of the con-
stitution does not involve
substantial expenses, but he
noted that the implementation of
the mechanism towards a
democratic government which
entails the full and adequate par-
ticipation of the people, would
definitely require some extra ex-
penses. .

For this reason, Dr. Sawyer ap-
pealed to friendly international
organizations and countries and
the Liberian government to
assist the Commission with the
amount to enable its members to
effectively and efficiently per-
form the task entrusted to them
by the People's Redemption
Council (PRC).

Census

According to Mr. Abel
Massalee, who presented a paper
from the Ministry of Planning
and Economic Affairs on the
Demographic, Logistical and
Manpower implication of the
' referendum, from all indications,
an estimated amount of $500,000
‘half a million dollars) would be’

? required for yoters registration
éxercise. a

He pointed out that the exer-
cise was similar to that of a na-
tional cerisus, therefore, it would
require considerable manpower.

LIBERIA



TANZANIA

MEASURES TO ENSURE SUCCESS OF CROP PURCHASE, TRANSPORT
Dar ‘és Salaam UHURU in Swahili 11 Jun 82 p 6
[Editorial: "Our Views"]

[Text] On page 4 of this paper yesterday, we published news from Mbeya which
had a call for the National Milling Cooperative (NMC) to finish early its
preparations for the buying and transportation of the crops in Rukwa, Mbeye and
Iringa Regions in order to confront the black marketeering which has taken
place in past years.

Although this call by the executive secretary of the party of Mbeya Region,
Issayo Binamu, concerns the three named regions, its importance is for all the
districts of Tanzania where the milling cooperative has the responsibility to
buy and transport produce.

With the food shortage in the nation, all food that is grown must be gathered
to help in the effort to decrease the existing shortage. This is possible if
good and early programs are prepared to buy the products from the farmers.

The good preparations must make sure that the farmers are paid their money
without delay, trouble or discouragement of any kind.

Remember that when there is a shortage of anything there are the black marketeers
who find a better way to get goods in an unlawful way to sell them in another
place at inflated prices.

This economic problem of food shortage exists not just in our country. The
countries around us also are confronted with this problem. Thus, the black
marketeers will be very happy to get our produce in order to carry it across
the borders and sell it to the neighboring countries.

To profit themselves the black marketeers can give bribes, But if the farmers
can be assured of a good program for the buying of their produce by a rational
agency, they will not agree to be bribed by the black marketeers, because our
farmers love this country and know that selling products to the black marketeers
is not an action helpful to the country.

Another place where pressure should be put is the transportation of products
from the villages. This has been a problem almost every year. Often, there



MOZAMBIQUE

SPANISH FREIGHTERS BOUGHT, FURTHER PURCHASES PLANNED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Jun 82 p 2
[Article by Benjamin Faduco: "Ship Purchased From Spain on Way to Mozambique"]

[Text] One of the two freighters recently purchased by the
government from Spain is already on the way to Mozambique;
it is scheduled to tie up in the port of Maputo on 10 July,
our reporter learned from the National Directorate of
Maritime and River Transportation.

This is the freighter christened "Nguri," purchased along with another vessel
which was recently given the name "Ligonha." The two ships were purchased from
EUROMAR, a Spanish shipping company. .

Each of the new vessels will have a cargo capacity of 1,200 tons and
both will be added to the fleet of NAVIQUE (Mozambican Shipping Company).

The new Mozambican cargo vessel "Nguri" left the port of Lisbon on 17 June.
During its journey to Mozambique, the "Nguri" will make a stop in the port of
Luanda, RPA [People's Republic of Angola], continuing to Maputo where it is
expected on 10 July.

Within the next 2 days, the second cargo vessel, the "Ligonha," is then
scheduled to leave Lisbon. It will sail directly to Maputo where it will
arrive at a date yet to be determined.

Both of these cargo vessels will carry a load of fertilizer, constituting the
main cargo, from Lisbon to Maputo. The fertilizer, and other products were
assembled earlier in the ports of Spain and in Lisbon.

The two vessels already have Mozambican crews on board who had earlier gone to
Spain where they took over the recently purchased cargo vessels.

According to a spokesman at the National Directorate of Maritime and River

Transportation, the two ships will be provided with navigation equipment that
will enable them to enter any of the ports of Mozambique.

40



cso:

4700/1597

Arrested

He was arrested on
April 23 and on May 1
was taken by the police
to a shop at Sinkwater,
a small settlement near

Hammanskraal consist- |

ing of a number of
houses and a few shops.

Major S Nel from the
Security Branch had
put his one leg in plas-
ter of Paris to prevent
him from running
away.

With an undercover
policeman he ap
proached the shop
while Maj Nel was wait-
ing in a Kombi some
distance away.

Injured

He met Motaung and
told him he was in a bad
way as his leg was badly
injured. While they
were talking a number
of policemen ap-
proached and Motaung
was arrested after a

undercover policeman
in which he was shot
twice.

In cross-examination
by Mr Jack Unterhalt-
er, SC, the witness said
he joined the ANC be-
cause he was i

81

a scholarship. He fully
believed the ANC would
help him to further his
education. Once he had
joined them in Bo-
tswana there was no
further talk of a schol-
arship and he received
military training
instead.

Wrong

He was taught that
apartheid was wrong
and he agreed with this
view. He admitted that
he knew the aim of his
training was “to get
freedom” for the
Blacks in south Africa.

He was warned that
he would be shot if he
ever deserted from the
ANC.

After being arrested
Mr Motaung. was first
taken to Compol, the
Security: Headquarters
in Pretoria, where he
was closely questioned
for about 20 hours.

After a district sur-
geon had examined him
he was sent to Kalafong
Hospital for treatment
a few days later. He
also made a free and
voluntary statement to
the police, Maj Nel said.

The trial continues
today.



COMMENTS OF WHITE RESIDENTS OF INGWAVUMA REPORTED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 4 Jul 82 p 18

[article by Ticks Chetty]

[text]

THE Moore family — the only
permanent white residents in the
disputed Ingwavuma district of
Zululand — are like everybody
else. in the area: confused and
unsure about their future.

Having lived in the area since 1914,
this pioneer white trading family have
become so much a of Ingwavuma
that they could well be regarded as
white Zulus.

While the older members of the Moore family
were reluctant to talk about how they felt about
Government moves to cede Ingwavuma to Swazi-
land, Mr David Moore, 34, was more open.

“We are South Africans and prefer to remain as
South African citizens,” he said.

“But since no firm decision has yet been taken
in this matter, I just cannot say what the future
holds for us.”

The only comment from
Mrs Amy Moore, 96, the ma-
triarch of the family, was:
“We'll cross the bridge when

we get to it.”

The Moore family, com-

prising Mrs Amy Moore, her

lubert, his wife Albie,
her grandson David, and his
wife and two young children,
run four stores, which serve
the thousands of black resi-
dents of Ingwavuma.

Mrs Amy Moore settled in
Ingwavuma in 1914 with her
Jate husband, who was then a
member of the Nata] Mount-
ed Police.

58

Problems

There were two other
whites there — the magis-
trate and an Anglican priest.

Soon after her husband re-
tired from the police force in
1920, he opened a trading

store.

Talking of his early child-
hood, Mr Moore said: “The
only playmates I had were
Zulus.

“So it was not surprising
that I learnt to speak Zulu
properly before English.”

According to Mr Moore,

SOUTH AFRICA



ANC TRIAL TOLD HOW SUSPECTS WERE TORTURED

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 16 Jul 82 p 3°

[text]

cso:

SOUTH AFRICA

SECURITY Policemen tightened a length of rope around the neck of a
treason trialist and then linked it to a tree in such a manner that he was.
forced to stand on the tips of his toes while a dog was made to bite his co-
accused before both were subjected to electric shocks. a Pretoria Su-"
preme Court was told yesterday.

Mr Jack Unterhalter,
SC, appearing for three
men charged with high
treason. told the court
while cross-examining a
senior Security Po-
liceman. Captain Gert
Visser. that Mr Thelle
Simon Mogoerane and
Mr Jerry Semano Moso-
loli had-been tortured by
police shortly after they
had been arrested at a
hideout on an island in
the Apies River near a
Hammanskraal farm on
December 28 last year.

4700/1597

BAG
Mr Unterhalter said
Captain Visser had put a
wet plastic bag over Mr
Mosololi’s head after he
had refused to reveal
where their weapons
were. The plastic bag.
| he added. had interfered
| with his breathing. The
court heard that some-
one in the presence of
Captain Visser. who was
| holding a dog. had ad-
| vanced it to Mr Mosololi
and made it bite him.
leaving a circular mark
on part of his body.
Mr Mogoerane (23).
of Vosloosrus. Boks-
burg. Mr Mosololi (2:

82

of Dube. Soweto.
Mr Maicus Thabo Mo-
taung (27) have pleaded
not guilty before Mr Jus-
tice D Cur-

~ lewis. sitting with two

assessors. on charges of
gh treason and twenty
alternative charges that
include four murders.
ten attempted murders.
five counts under the
Terrorism Act and rob-
bery with ating
circumstances.
Both men. said. Mr
Unterhalter. had also
been subjected to elec-
tric shocks by police.
The court heard that Mr
Mogoerane had had a
wooden pole inserted
between his legs and
arms. and had then been
suspended between a
chair and table while be-
ing interrogated at the
Compo! Building.



LIBERIA

NEW BONG COUNTY POWER STATION DEDICATED

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 9 Jul 82 p 3

[text]

cso:

} A new power station, equip-
ipedwith two power-generating
diesel engines, capable of
providing adequate and con-
stant electricity supply to
Gbarnga’ and other communi-
ties in Bong County, is to
be dedicated today by the
Liberia Electricity Corpora-
tion (LEC).

The huge M.A.N. diesel
engines, manufactured by a
leading German company and
provided by .the Government
of Liberia, will increase
the power output of the
Gbarnga Electricity System
by 4.04 magawatts to meet
the rising demand for elec-
tricity in ,Gbarnga, Gompa
City, Nimba Gounty; Belle-
fanai, Sgt. Kollie Town and
other communities in the
county.

With the newly installed
engines, the Gbarnga Station

4700/1608

27

is capable of supplying the
‘Phebe Hospital, Cuttington
University College, the
Suakoko Research Station,
the Bong County Agricultural
Deve lopment Project, the
Rurai Development Institute,
Sanghai Farm and other
establishments in the coun-
ty.

The project was jointly
financed by the Liberian
Government, LEC and the
residents of Bong County at
the cost of $700,000.

Residents of Gbarnga and
its evirons were without
power for nearly four months
recently due to a blackout
chiefly because the genera-—
tor there had broken down.
Power was restored to the
county mid last month as a
result of the joint efforts
of LEC and residents, of
Gbarnga City.



BOTSWANA

BRIEFS

COAL MINE STUDY--Gaborone--The Botswana Government and the Royal Dutch Shell
group have agreed to study the feasibility of opening a large coal mine at
Kgaswe in central Botswana, a statement says. It is thought the mine could
produce 10-million tons of thermal coal a year worth some $300-million at
current prices, yesterday's statement said, Botswana's total export earnings
last year were $250 million and Shell Coal Botswana traded about nine-million
tons of coal in 1981, it said. The agreement provides for the creation of
the Kgaswe Coal Development Company in which the Government would have a
free 15 percent stake with an option to buy a further 10 percent. The
agreement also covers financial, marketing and management details of any
future development. But the statement said much more investigatory work,
taking perhaps two or three years, was needed before a decision could be
taken on whether to proceed with the project.--Reuter [Text] [Johannes-
burg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82 p 21]

csO: 4700/1585



MOZAMBIQUE

NIGHTIME PORT TRAFFIC TO RESUME SOON
Beira DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE in Portuguese 12 Jun 82 p 6
[Article by Estacio Baptista]

[Text] The normalization of nightime maritime traffic in the access channel
of the port of Beira is expected by the end of this month. The work of plac-
ing new luminous buoys to replace the ones that in November 1981 were the
target of sabotage by a South African racist commando action, is progressing
satisfactorily.

According to a statement given to DIARIO DE MOCAMBIQUE by the martime adminis-
trator of the Sofala provincial capital, Joao Queiroz, of the nine buoys
destroyed by the enemy, four have already been replaced. Some of these are not
luminous.

This phase was preceeded by a process of recovery of materiel stored at the
naval maintenance workshop and was the starting point for carrying out the
important objective on which the increase of maritime traffic in the port of
Beira channel greatly depends. As is obvious this has a positive impact on
the national economy as far as foreign exchange is concerned.

All this work is being done with the participation of workers in this field
in Beira, and by a specialized team that came for this purpose to the provin-
cial capital of Sofala, appointed by the national directorate maritime and
river transportation, sector of hydrography.

Five More Buoys Next Week

Joao Queiroz also told our newspaper that efforts are being made to make it
possible, probably beginning next week, to start the replacement of the
remaining five buoys. This process could meet with difficulties if the
weather becomes unfavorable for this work.

The Beira maritime administrator also stressed the fact that three of the last
buoys were built at the naval maintenance workshop in Maputo and the remaining
two, which were already old, were given in RENAB (Beira Naval Repairs) to be
reconditioned.

42



Even those considered "religious servants," at the risk of becoming "docile
sheep," must be shocked by the appropriation by others of a right which belongs
to them, or of knowing that they are being informed of a reality which directly
concerns them. The members of the Catholic Church in Angola were deprived of
this right to the advantage of foreign interests abroad.

Although the RPA Constitution stipulates respect for all religions and the pro-
tection of churches, as well as the quality of all cults, it does so because
it considers it necessary--on a scientific basis--to maintain and develop a
just social harmony which does not condone discrimination based on color, race,
ethnic origin, sex, place of birth, level of education, economic or social
status and religious beliefs.

In reality, this is precisely what happened. Ignoring the interests of the
nation and its citizens and to the detriment of millions of listeners and
readers of the radio, press and Angolan television, the bishops preferred, above
all, to publish their positions in newspawers which do not spare any efforts in
praise of the notorious colonial fascism which prevailed for centuries,
Practicing all sorts of cruelties against our people.

Moreover, there is cause for great concern that the CEA, on the pretext of an
isolated assassination whose criminal perpetrators are already in the hands of
the law, should publish statements of this kind in the foreign press, while, on
the other hand, characteristically, it has never raised its voice to condemn the
barbaric attacks the South African racists are making against the Angolan
people in southern Angola, many of whom are just as Catholic as the venerated
Angolan bishops.

All this shows the untenable ill will of the Catholic bishops toward our
revolution. All this confirms their contempt for the new role religion is to
Play in independent Angola, free and sovereign, in education and teaching, in
the struggle against illiteracy and obscurantism, in the preparation of the new
man, devoid of the flaws of colonialism or any type of alienation. Lastly, all
this shows their "nostalgia" for the era of colonial fascism still prevailing
in certain sectors of our society.

Angolan affairs should be discussed in Angola, and the Catholic Church should
become a part of and adapt itself to the new kind of relations created with the
victory of the revolution in Angola. This is not what the Catholic bishops did.
The bishops proceeded to give to another what belongs to "Ceasar." Disdaining
the interest of the Angolans through their actions involving ambiguous dis-
cussions and pernicious illusions, they contributed "humanitarianly" to the
Propaganda of the enemies of the Angolan working people.

8568
cso: 4742/342



MOZAMBIQUE

NEW ECONOMIC DEFENSE LAW APPROVED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 11 Jun 82 p 1

[Text] The Economic Défense Law has just been approved by the permanent com-
mission of the People's Assembly, according to information received in our
offices yesterday. The law's main objective is to define and charactérize: the
actions and omissions that violate the plan and harm the national economy.

According to the information received, the law punishes actions that directly
or indirectly compromise economic development, impede the fulfillment of the
plan and harm the material and spiritual well-being of the people.

"The present law, without specifically covering all the fields of defense of
the economy, will develop during the course of its application, contributing
toward later total integration into the future penal code," the preamble of the
legislative document states.

According to the preamble, the law is applied to saboteurs, negligent persons,
those who abuse power, those whose ignorance of their duties and tasks is
unpardonable, those who do not channel production, who do not export on time,
who delay importation and who impede or harm production.

The Economic Defense Law “is an instrument that in every production unit, in
factories, farms, rail, highway, air and maritime transportation, in stores,
social institutions and the state apparatus, is to be applied firmly by the
workers, their organizational structures and leadership in intransigent defense
of the economy and in the struggle against underdevelopment."

The same penalty applies to consummated, frustrated or attempted crimes, and
accomplices and those who cover up the crime are punished in the same manner as
the author of the crime.

The struggle for the defense of the economy, the preamble of the law explains,
"is inspired in the struggle for the defense of the liberated zones against
enemy incursions which had as target the FRELIMO bases and devastation of
people's farms."

36



LIBERIA

NATION MAY BE REMOVED FROM ILO 'INFAMOUS SPECIAL LIST!

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 5 Jul 82 p 3

[Article by Westmore Dahn]

[text]

rhe Federation of Labour
Unions (LFLU) has disclosed
that Liberia may be removed
from the “infamous special
list” of the International —
Labour Organization do)
if it endorses’ conventions
governing the ILO..

Since 1971, Liberia has
been placed on the ‘‘in-
famous list’? along with
other countries for denounc-
ing ILO conventions which
calls for the right to form
trade unions, the discon-
tinuation of the violation of
certain rights and the inclu-
sion of citizens in political
life, among others.

In an interview at the
weekend, the president
general of the’ Federation of
Labour Unions, Counsellor
Emmett Harmon; revealed
that a new Labour Code con-
taining amendments to all of
the violations of ILO Con-
_ ventions has been. drafted

and is presently before the
People’s Redemption Coun-
cil (PRC) for consideration.

16

, Counsellor Harmon, who”

“yeturned last. week from

inGemeva, Switzerland, where.

‘he represented Liberia at the
68th session of the ILO,
pointed out that Liberia’s
present position on these

- crucial issues were explained
at the conference.

He said he told the Geneva
conference that although the
new Liberian Labour Code is
being * scrutinized by . the
council, Liberian workers are
already enjoying freedom of
association by organizing
unions in every sector of the
country’s employment arena,
including public corpora-
tions, plantations and all
other agricultural projécts.

| The Ambassador said he’
further highlightened the
|PRC’s efforts to remove all
‘obstacles from the operation
jof trade unions, and its
endeavor to bring about
\fuller participation of the
| masses, and also seeking to
| raise the standard of living of
| Liberians.



Both delegations expressed satisfaction also at the cordial atmosphere in

which the talks were held... The Soviet delegation gave thanks for what the
fraternal reception extended to them during their stay in our country. It
should be noted that before leaving Bissau on Saturday, the Soviet delegation
visited Bafata and Farim where they observed the process of the socioeconomic
development now under way, and in the case of Farim, they saw the efforts of

the party in promoting the political and ideological improvement of their cadres
by holding seminars, as we have described elsewhere in this paper.

11634
cso: 4742/338

11



Price of Steel Up by..25. Percent

(THE SUNDAY MAIL, 11 Jul .82).......ccceceececceceeccuceucs
State To Buy Stake in Two Bus Firms

(THE HERALD, 9 Jul 82).......ccccececececcccccecccncccuces

Civil Service Seeks To Hire Sixty Expatriates

(THE HERALD, 15 Jul 82)....csccccccccecccccccevcevcecceves
Brigades Build Seventy-Three Houses in Six Months

(THE HERALD, 10 Jul 82).....c.ccccecceccecesceecesceceuces

Briefs
Defence Bill in Senate
Dairy Industry
Compulsory ID's
State Building Spending
"UANC Terror Threat!
‘HERALD’ Circulation
Hawk Aircraft

106

108

110

111

112
112
112
113
113
113
113



ZIMBABWE

PRICE OF STEEL UP BY 25 PERCENT
Harare THE SUNDAY MAIL in English 11 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] Steel products--from spoons to spades and building materials--will soon
cost more after Zisco announced a 25 percent rise in the price of all its manu-
factured steel last week.

Although some of the country's major steel manufacturers said the public would be
cushioned from the effects of the Government~approved rise until current stocks
ran out, its impact would be felt soon.

Directly affected are all-steel products like fencing wire and standards, garden
implements and furniture, which will go up by the full 25 percent.

A spokesman for Stewart and Lloyds, Mr Harry Cole, said: "All it means is that the
poor consumer will have to pay more.

"Although we haven't worked out the full impact of the rise, we expect a lot of
groaning from the consumer sector when we eventually pass on the costs."

His company is a major manufacturer of steel piping and building reinforcement ma-
terial, and it supplies many rural schools with door and window frames.

He did not expect any changes in price yet for rural school supplies because most
orders were already in stock. "But tubing and reinforcement materials should be
affected soon," he said.

Tregers Group--one of the country's largest manufacturers of household goods such
as pots, pans, cups and cutlery--would probably pass on the rise at the end of next
month, said the company's managing director, Mr Colin MacFarlane.

"The increased costs will be passed on to us at different stages depending on how
long our current stocks last," he said.

The rise comes after several large suppliers of steel tubing and wire raised
prices by 17 percent last month.

106



‘I'LL LEAD SWAZIS TO THE END,' SAYS MABUZA

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 2 Jul 82 p 9

[article by Clyde Johnson]

[Text]

NELSPRUIT — Mr
Enos J Mabuza, former
chief executive council-
lor of Kangwane, has
promised to lead his
people “to the. bitter
end.”

“Even in a unified
Swaziland, I will —
through the Inyandzi
national movement —
continue to mobilise
my people and keep
them informed,” he
said.

Asked about his fu-
ture plans, Mr Mabuza
said much depended on
the outcome of the
Supreme Court applica-
tion.

“Should the Govern-
ment go ahead with. its
plan no matter what
the court says, I will
probably find a job in
the private sector.

“This will give me
the opportunity to ful-
fill my leadership role
as well as care for my
family.”

Mr Mabuza said he
and his colleagues still
met regularly and,
through the Inyandzi
movement, of which he
is national president,
were still advising the
people of the disadvan-
tages of incorporation
into Swaziland.

65

“Surely a leader can-
not be labelled an inti-
midator if, in a demo-
cratic way, he advises
his people against
something he believes
is wrong,” hé said.

“Tf the Swaziland
deal goes through, my
people will not have
been given the. oppor-
tunity to decide for or
against it, so nobody
can blame them if
they vent their views
afterwards: in a unified
Swaziland.” -

The quietly. -spoken
politician. agajn ap-
pealed: to -the South
African Government:
“Don’t make enemies
out of friends.

‘*In Kangwane we
have three-quarters of
a million Swazis well-
disposed to South
Africa who face aliena-
tion at the expense of
500 000 people they: do
not know nor have
ever lived with... .”

Mr Mabuza said tele-
vision, radio and the
Afrikaans Press would
continue. to label him
an intimidator until
the Government had
achieved what they had
-Set out to do.

“The South African
Government is aware

SOUTH AFRICA



cso:

Mr. Massalee added that forthe

preparation of -the:: voters:

registration, the provision - of
logistical”~support would .. be
similar ‘to-that of the census or
survey. ° :

Therefore, he noted, whatever
is appropriated must be made
available when needed.

Among the logistical support
needed urgently, he said, are: of-
“fice space in each regional, coun-
“ty and territorial headquarters to
facilitate recruitment and train-
ing of field staff; stationery and
supplies; vehicles; fuel and
maintenance, per diem and
travel allowances for officials
and staff of the: project, among
others.

Mr. Massalee noted that his
ministry would play a major role
in the preparation of voters

4700/1608

21

registration and emphasized that
“the Ministry of Information
should be able to inform and
educate the public about the ex-
ercise.

Also presenting paper was an
official from the Immigration
‘Bureau who spoke on the
strategies for the identification of
Liberians.

Mr. Isaac Wonasue, Deputy

‘Commissioner of Immigration,

proposed that the issuance of
identification cards be jaintly
conducted by the Immigratior
; Bureau, the Ministries of Plann-
ing and Health, with the Ministry
of Information participating -tc
inform the public.

The symposium continues to-
day with the Ministry of Informa-
tion and the University of Liberia
presenting papers.



rebel who has revolted against the consensus of the various organizations and has
violated reconciliation agreements a number of times, starting with the resolutions
of the Khartoum agreement between himself and Malloum and ending with the resolu-
tions of the second Lagos conference.

/Question/ How do you view the situation in Chad, with the departure of the Libyan
forces?

/Bnswer/ The transitional national unity government in Chad sent repeated appeals
to friendly and neighboring countries to help it put down the rebellion, but Libya
was the only country that responded to the appeal. As a result of that, much non-
sense has constantly been repeated over Libya's occupation of Chad and the claim
that Libya was threatening the security and safety of neighboring countries. In
deference to the desires of neighboring and friendly countries and the desires of
the Organization of African Unity, we asked Libya to withdraw its forces, and it
did, At that point Habre seized the opportunity of the vacuum which the departure
of the Libyan forces had created to occupy the eastern areas of Chad.

/Question/ Do you consider that the solution to the problem of Chad will depend on
the continuation of the struggle with Husein Habre?

/Knswer] in my opinion, the danger lies not with Habre alone but rather lies in
the conditions in which national reconciliation among the various organizations
was carried out, in accordance with the organization's request. The situation in
Chad now does not permit the holding of elections or formulation of a constitution
for the country. Once the conditions are made available, it will be necessary to
hold these elections. We are most aware of our circumstances.

/Question/ The news that you are not satisfied with what the African peacekeeping
forces are doing in Chad is being repeatedly voiced. What is the truth on this?
What is your conception of the role these forces perform?

/Answer/ A great deal has been said about the presence of Libyan forces in Chad,
and that has created an uproar in international and domestic public opinion.

People have said that Libya is occupying Chad and that Libya is using some groups
in Chad to serve its objectives in the country. They have said that Libya consti-
tutes a danger to the neighboring countries. When the Libyan forces withdrew and
were replaced by the African peacekeeping forces, what happened? The African
forces refused to support the legitimate government in Chad and help it to put down
the mutiny that Husein Habre was leading. They refused to enter into the struggle
that is underway now in the eastern areas and said that they were taking a position
of neutrality. The government of Chad does not want to get into a struggle with
the Organization of African Unity, whatever the situation might be; therefore, it
allowed the African forces to remain in place as they wished, and we have relied on
ourselves in the fighting that is taking place now. At present there are no African
forces fighting alongside the government of Chad to put down the rebellion.

/Question/ How could the African peacekeeping forces have helped you?

/Bnswer/ We would have liked it if the African peacekeeping forces had fought
alongside the national army of Chad, as the Libyan forces had fought before,



LIBERIA

FURTHER STRENGTHENING OF LIBERIANIZATION PROGRAM PROPOSED

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 8 Jul 82 p 3

[Article by Charles Gibson]

[Excerpt]

cso:

As a’ means of further
strengthening its Liberiani-
zation Program, the Govern-
ment ‘of. Liberia has been
called upon to’ restrict con-
struction and feasibility
studies agreements to "Libe-
rian owned" © contractual
firms.

The Managing Director of
the Small-Medium Business
Association, Dr. Ibrahima
Kaba, said in an interview
Tuesday that there are many

Liberian firms capable ‘of

carrying out construction
and feasibility studies, but
are being constantly ignored

Noting that the Liberiani-

“zation . policy is not being

implemented ‘in’ all sectors
of the nation's economy, Dr.
Kaba said most construction
contracts are given to
foreign firms "instead of
Liberian firms that are more
capable of doing a_ better!
job." )

The Ministry of Public
Works which heads the

4700/1608

25

National Bidding Committee
which selects contractors
has failed to give out con-
tracts to Liberian con-
tractors for reasons known
to them (the, Ministry)

This he said is " ‘y
frustrating" to Liberian
firms. .
He said the crucial pro-
blem is that "we do. not
utilize our own human
resources. Liberia he

believes would have enough
skill manpower to plan and
implement all its programs
if “government would broaden
the Liberianization policy
in ‘all sectors of the
economy "where Liberians are
“capable of controlling.”

Dr. Kaba feels that to
secure the economic benefits
of this nation, government

should: snot, open; "diréct"TM

competition between Liberian
and foreign businessmen, but
rather ‘encourage more Libe-
rians to engage in business.



SOCIALISM BEST FOR ZIMBABWE, SAYS ANDERSEN

Harare THE HERALD in English 9 Jul 82 p 9

[Text]

cso:

SOCIALISM in Zimbabwe will promote initfative
and not idleness, Mr Chris Andersen, the Minis-
ter of State (Public Service) in the Prime

Minister’s Office, said
recently.

Mr Andersen was speak-
ing to The Record, the
Publication of ‘the Public
Services Association, when
he said: “Personally, 1
cannot see that there will
necessarily be conflict be-
tween socialist philosophy
and private enterprise and
initiative,

“So tar as private lives
are concerned, the Govern-
ment has made it clear
that productivity is all-
important and peeple who
don’t work won't eat.”

Zimbabwe was taking
the best from other coun-
tries’ socialist experiences
to evolve its own brand
of socialism, he said,

“I see it as a particular
challenge to the business
community, to demon-
strate that private enter-
prise is in fact consistent
with a philosophy that

looks to the ‘interests of
all.”

dened by the white emi-
gration rate, but Soped
to be able to convince the
waverers to stay.

“I believe the Govern-
ment is genuine in its

4700/1606

‘Mr Andersen was sad-

desire to establish a non-
racial society, I. believe
there is a very real future
here for whites, .

“By and large, there is
tremendous goodwill be-
tween the races in this
country, which few out-
siders appreciate.”

Calling the country “the
fulcrum ‘for developing
Africa”, he said the more
ald given to Zimbabwe the
more the country could
help the region as a&
whole,

‘The Government could”

not afford to pay ex-
patriates big salaries, but
certain other governments
were prepared to make up
the salaries to worthwhile
levels,

Careers in the civil ser-
vice needed to be made
more financially attractive,
and it was also necessary
to ensure the country did
not have too many civil
servants, he said.

‘There was also need to
avoid duplication and
wastage with the pro-
liferation of training
schemes, The Government
was thinking of setting
up schemes at district
level because of the em-
phasis oo rural develop-
ment.

Mr Andersen said he
did not believe it was
possible for civi] servants
to be apolitical.

94

ZIMBABWE



has been news of the produce from some area that has been destroyed because of
not being transported from the villages.

One reason which has been given every year is the lack of trucks to transport
these products. We know that this problem exists to a certain degree. And

so we cannot allow ourselves to be overcome with our problems. It is necessary
to prepare early to have a means to transport the products which are bought
from the farmers and take them to good places for storage.

Thus, we are in a drive to protect our own economy. To buy products from the
farmers and transport them-so that they can be stored well and not be left to
be destroyed or to give an opening to the black marketeers is the one important
originator of our drive.

9216
cso: 4749/38

87



providing security for the prominent personalities in the government of Chad and
helping to create a single national army in Chad by training it and offering it aid.

/Question/ But what is the reason for the ineffectiveness of the African peace-
keeping forces in Chad now?

/Answer/ These forces are not totally under the control of the organization and
proof of that is the fact that the financing of these armies is the responsibility
of the countries they come from and not the organization. Even the reports they
present on the situation in Chad are presented just to their own countries.

/Question/ There is an opinion that if it were not for the African peacekeeping
forces in Njamena, Husein Habre's forces would have quickly taken over the capital.
What is your opinion on this allegation?

/Answer/ There are 1,000 ways in which Habre's forces can enter Njamena if they
want to. I state again that the African forces have not yet fired a single shot in
Chad. I also repeat that we acknowledge the Organization of African Unity and re-
spect fraternal and friendly countries, As I said before, we are dictating nothing
to the organization, and this is its wish; if it wants the peacekeeping forces to
stay in Njamena, they will, and if it wants to withdraw them that is its will also.

/Question/ The Ouzou sector is part of the national territory of Chad. What does
the fact that Libyan forces have been in this sector up to this point mean, especi-
ally following the latest resolution on the withdrawal of the Libyan forces from
Chad?

/Answer/ We consider this a peripheral problem and it is not our cause now. This
is an old issue which former President Toumbalbaye talked about, Mallum talked
about, and all the politicians that followed one another in this country talked
about. We are now trying to impose security in the capital, Njamena, and stop the
bloodshed, and the time has not yet come to talk about this sector. Border prob-
lems exist everywhere. We may have a border problem with the Sudan, and there
might also be one with Algeria, with Niger or with others. We were the first ones
to raise this problem of Ouzou in the United Nations; none of the parties present
now in Chad have talked about it--not Goukouni, not Habre, not Aba Seddieq or
Kamougi; that was in 1981, when I was in the Chad delegation to the United Nations
in New York, Every person from Chad who considers himself a nationalist, concerned
with the interests of Chad and the people of Chad, must work toward the unity of
this people and the establishment of a strong, united army, This is our problem
now; it will be possible to bring up the problem of Ouzou after peace and security
are established in the various areas of Chad, and it will be possible to reach un-
derstanding on that with the Libyans, The war is still going on now, as you know,
the capital has been destroyed, as you can see, and the people are suffering from
disease and hunger. Chad is threatened on all sides, there is foreign intervention
there, which might come from outside Africa, and there are many other problems
which must be resolved.



ZAPU-LINKED FIRMS OFFICIALLY BANNED

Harare THE HERALD in English 16 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] THIRTEEN companies

cso:

associated with ZAPU

have been officially
banned.
Presidential proclama-

tions declaring the firms
and their subsidiaries il-
legal were confirmed by
the House of Assembly
yesterday.

The proclamations had
to be confirmed by the
Assembly within 21. sit-
ting days or they would
lapse. Once passed, they
remain in force until re-
voked.

The Minister. of Home
Affairs, Dr Herbert Ushe-
wokunze, said in some of
the companies concerned
some of the directors were
well known members of
ZAPU. In others all of the
directors were leading
members,

Many of the properties
owned by the companies
appeared to be strategic-
aliy placed throughout the
country. Some were sited
on arterial roads.

Vast quantities of arms,
ammunition, sophisticated
radio equipment, medical
kits and military vehicles
were found hidden on
some of the properties.

‘The largest caches were
found on land owned by
Nitram (Pvt) Limited.

It was clear to the
Government that the arms
were transported secretly

4700/1606

to farms from assembly
points to frustrate the
Government's intention of
withdrawing equipment.

It was carefully stored,
greased and maiatained.

the inference the Govern-
ment had to draw was
that those’ responsible
foresaw the Itkelihood of
a military attack on the
Government.

Equipment found was,
suflicient to equip an army
of men which could have
wreaked chaos, said Cde
Ushewokunze,

The size of the dis-
coveries indicated officials
of the organisations had
deliberately concealed the
arms. Those who owned
and worked on the pre-
mises were aware of the
caches.

How could people culti-
vate a whole field and
leave a patch in the
middle without explana-
tion? he asked, Could the
property owners seriously
claim the arms were
hidden before they
acquired the properties?

ZAPU ran many risks
unless it could categoric-
ally dissociate itself from
those who hid the arms,
he said. However, he
emphasised the Govern-
ment did not hold all
ZAPU members responsi-

le.

ZAPU and ZANU (PF)
had gome common goals.
But a part of ZAPU’s
leadership had taken it

93

upon itself to “subvert
the people’s cause”, shout-
ing socialist. slogans while
working for the same
cause as “the most re-
actionary elements in
Zimbabwe",

He urged that members
of all organisations watch
for organised subversion
and bring the offenders to
book.

‘The minister said there
would be no toss to pri-
vate shareholders not in-
volved with the caches.

No member of ZAPU
spoke directly on the
motion, When a voice vote

wad called for there were
muted responses of “no”
from ZAPU benches but
the “ayes” carried the day.

The ZAPU leader, Cde
Joshua Nkomo, and his
vice-president, Cde Josiah
Chinamano, were not in
the House,

Mr Anthony Berkhout
(RF, Central) asked when
those who had been arres-
ted would be broug't to
trial,

Cde Ushewokunze told
him legal processes were
going ahead against those
arrested in connection
with arms caches,

ZIMBABWE



GOVERNMENT PLAN TO PURCHASE FARMLAND REPORTED

Harare THE HERALD in English 12 Jul 82 p 1

[Text] THE Government has

cso:

announced it is to buy
almost one million
hectares of farm land
for: resettlement, ‘more
than 6 percent of the
land once reserved for
white farmers.

In the first six months
of this year the Govern-
ment gave notice in the
Government Gazette that
it was planning to cancel
thé deeds. for 396 regis-
tered properties totalling
976 397 ha.

. When the Government
‘puys land for resettle-
ment the deeds are simply
cancelled and the land
therefore reverts to the
State: In private deals
the deeds are transferred.

While the deals an-
mounced this year are
spredti ‘over 32 districts
almost all the land is in
just 14 districts.

Makoni tops the list
with. 114000ha spread

over 73 properties, the
biggest being the Romsley
Estate of almost 23 000 ha
bought from a- private
company,
In Mutoko ‘area, 81
provers totalling 95 594
were bought None of
these farms was bigger
than 2600 ha.
In Kadoma 86 508'ha
were bought while Gwanda

4700/1606

and Mberengwa areas con-
tributed 78052 ha, includ-'
ing the giant Doddieburn
Ranch of 30835ha which
straddles the _ district
boundary.

‘The biggest single buy
was more than 76 000 ha,
part of the Devuli Ranch
in the south-east lowveld.

Large perties were
bought in Matabeleland:
60125 ha in Bullima
Mangwe, 55 866 in Insiza,
41691 in Nyamandhlovu,
72932 in Matobo, 22813
in Beitbridge, 2637 in
Umzingwani, 10274 in Lu-
pane, 582 in Bubi and
1573 in Bulawayo.

Liberal

One of the farms
bought in Matobo District
belonged to Mr Alan
Savory, a past president
of the National Unifying
Force, the principal liberal
white opposition party at
the end of UDL

Other districts with
large areas sold to the
Government are: Kwekwe
46 121ha, Chibi 33 601 ha,
Nyanda 25728ha, Mutare
23 744ha, Datwin 22 484
ha, Charter 20 024 ha.

Large resettlement
schemes already existed in
several parts of the coun-
try before this year’s an-
nouncements of further
buys. All-deals have been
on a willing buyer, willing
seller basis and in most of
the deals the Government
has been buying large
blocks of land.

98

The notices placed in
the Government Gazette
by the Ministry of Lands,
Resettlement and Rural
Development are to fulfil
requirements set out io
the Rural Land Act,

ZIMBABWE



factories going...and fortunately there are colored people willing to serve
in the South African Police (because, without them the force could hardly
function).

But, sing for the whites in a church? Rather not.

Mr Hassan Howa, of Sacos, was one to praise the refusal of Athlone's Spes
Bona colored senior secondary school to accept a computer which was donated
by the S. A. Brewery saying that the school has shown where it stands and
it ought to be congratulated.

Congratulated? Just because a low blow was dealt against a group who dared
help South Africa combat its sports isolation?

Just the other day, speaking at Beaufort-West David Curry, the chairman of
the coloreds Labor Party told his. own people something which is very true:

"Circumstances are forcing us to seek solutions jointly. We can no longer
wish away anybody. We can no longer be prisoners of past history or of a
political situation."

Thanks to the initiative taken by the Nationalist Party the entire county is
talking about the new constitutional order of things (The fact that people
are unanimous in thinking that a change must come is striking. Even Jaap
Marais just the other day stated that the Reconstituted Nationalist Party
ought to be recognized when a new constitution is drafted.)

Thus, if we are to move forward it is important to have correct attitudes.
The sort of attitudes which move old people to turn away a colored chorus
from a white church, cause a colored school to act childishly spiteful, or
induce a chess player to live in a dream world, therefore have no place in
a future South Africa.

I told the story about the colored school which donated 700 rand to the
Bible fund because it struck me to see what open hearts there are among the
colored community when money is needed for a good cause.

One year ago BEELD EXTRA (an issue of BEELD containing district new items on
the colored areas of the Rand and Pretoria) published a story about a colored
child whose parents wanted to take her to Prof Chris Barnard urgently be-
cause she had a rare heart-ailment.

Colored readers reacted spontaneously and within 14 days fund collection
reached its goal; more than 2,000 rands. But contributions kept coming in.
Finaly 2,641.81 rand were collected. Oh yes, even cents were contributed.

Why do I mention this? Because I am convinced that the whites of the hinter-
land (like those among whom I grew in Northern Transvaal) do not know these
so-called colored. Hence the great number of questions put to Nationalist
speakers at political meetings about a possible colored minister, perhaps a
prime minister and yes, even a president.

61



f=

|

y

ALUHLUWE:
i } GAME RESERVE

‘SWAZILAND

r) coo

. KasiBay
§ ivewavuma

“Mekal Paty

: Miard Game Reserve.

: | Hfuhtowe Game

MN 4
TAR cay
“7Bangasi
Lake
A

Reserve
~ } Umfolozi Game,
eserva St Luciay
Lake
AL | NEW PARK
TM) ro kwazues
Richards Bay Lg ff y,

DWAN,

BANGASI' EY
LAKE

. This Is the land the Government proposes to give to the Natal Parks Board

“Jn return fer existing game reserves being given to kwaZulu. The land
being given to kwaZulu is meant to compensate it for the inclusion of

Ingwavuma into Swaziland. Much of the Mkuzi game reserve will be incor-
porated Into the new park while the rest of Mkuzi is to go to kwaZulu. The
~ proposed new areas of the reserva including the Makhatini flats will cover

140000 ha, The ceded land

game reserves.

67

will also include the Umfolozi and Hluhluwe



On one side, Minister Fahnbulleh noted, U.S. pilgrim fathers had a tragic
encounter with the red Indians for survival and on the other side, he said,
Liberian pioneers had a tragic encounter for survival with the indigenous
people,

On the American side, Minister Fahnbulleh also recalled that the civil war
was fought to extend the frontiers of freedom and equality while on the
Liberian side, the revolution emerged to extend the frontiers of equality
and embrace the children of the pioneers and indigenous fathers.

Dr Fahnbulleh reiterated that Liberia holds no ill-will against the American
nation because of their race or ideas,

Touching on the socio-economic conditions in the country, Dr Fahnbulleh
stated regrettably that "it is a constant agony to see children roaming
the streets of our towns and cities, .

Only the strong could hold back the tears when mothers are seen in tatters
and barefooted on their way to filthy shacks in the slums to watch over
children who shed tears of agony due to hunger.

Concluding, the minister declared that it is through Liberia that Africa sees

the United States and if the aspirations and development of Liberia are
successvul, America's sincerity will be respected throughout Africa.

cso: 4700/1608

|
|
13



HOME MINISTER RAPS COURTS

Harare THE HERALD in English 14 Jul 82 pl

[Text]

THE mannér in which Zimbabwe's’ courts dispense justice was
“gravely frustrating” and undermined the work of the police, the
Minister of Home Affairs, Cdé Herbert Ushewokunze, said yes-

terday.

“It appears the courts are sowing seeds of a revolt against Govern.
ment and encouraging the sudden growth of the dissident element which

is spreading in’ Mata-
beleland,”. he said in.
the Assembly.

Speaking on the re-
mewal of the state of
emergency, the minister
said efforts of the police
were aot. being comple-
mented by the courts. “A
lot now say what purpose
ig . achieved . by sending
people to court where the
justice dished out leaves
one dumbfounded?”

He said the rity of
the State was Sacrificed
at the altar of individual
liberties.’ People | who
were engaged in activities
desi; to threaten the
welfare and security of
the State were either

while those known to
support Government polt-
cies received harsh and
shocking punishments, .

Judgments in recent
cases had caused anger,
dismay and utter disgust
among members of the
police and army, the
executive and the progres
sive public, . ‘

Weapons —

He cited cases of the
York brothers, the Bert-
rand.trial, 9 Mandara man

“found “with weay

pons of
‘war and that of Mr Colin

Bickle as good examples
of how. the courts were

undermining the efforts of.
the law enforcement agen-'

cies in the country,

“The same courts jail
and deal harshly with peo-
ple who have shown to be
on the side of our poll-
cies. For example, an ex-

combatant who managed.

to stop people from fight-
4ng by using an unregis-
tered weapon — just a
pistol — is jailed for five
years,

“Compare this with the
white Mandara man who
‘wag only sentenced to one
year eight months,” Cde
Ushewokunze said.

What was happening
should not come as a sur-

rise when it was remem-

ence, judges had said they
would not work -with the
Patriotic Front. alliance
and this had beén widely
published overseas.

Perverted

“But even after this,
recalcitrant and reaction-
members of the so-
called Bench still remain
masquerading under our

95

hard won independence as
dispensers of justice, by
handing down perverted
pieces of judgment which
smack of subverting the
people’s Government.”

‘The country had inherl-
ted in full the Rhodesian
laws which the same
magistrates and judges
used to avidly, and vicious-
ly, interpret against the
guerillas.

The demand’ by _ the
nationalists that the judi-
clary should be disbanded
during Lancaster House
talks could now be under-
stood-with hindsight,

‘The Government was
aware that certain legal

private practitioners, were
receipt of money as
paid hirelings from gov-
ernments hostile to Zim-
babwe to destabilise the
dountry and create a state
of anarchy through the
inherited legal apparatus.

“We promise to handle
such lawyers using the
appropriate technology
that exists in our law and
order section. ~ .

“This should succeed in
breaking up the unholy
alliance between the nega-
tive Bench, reactionary
legal practitioners and
governments hostile to us

ZIMBABWE



MINISTER ASKS FIRESTONE TO SUSPEND REDUNDANCY MEASURE

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 5 Jul 82 p 9

[text]

Labour Minister David G. Dwa-
nyen has called on.the manage-
ment of the Firestone Plantations
Company to demonstrate a high
‘degree:of human-management
relationship in order to ensure
industrial peace and stability at

the plant level.

He said at a meeting on Friday.
with management represen-
tatives, including General
Manager Donald L. Waeye, that
“mechanization and technology
should not be placed over human
resources”.

Minister Dwanyen made the
assertion. after asking the
Firestone Plantations Company

‘to suspend its intention to
declare 235 Liberian employees
redundant until he could contact
the PRC to ascertain govern-
ment'’s position onthe matter:

' ‘He said it was not in the best

interest of the workers and the
government as to get rid of 235
persons at this time would surely
create political, social and
‘economic problems for the
‘government.

Minister Dwanyen also used

cso: 4700/1608

the meeting held in his office on
Mechlin Street, Monrovia, to
warn union leaders to desist from
spreading rumours that officials
of his ministry were in’ the cons-
tant habit of “buying favours”
from management...

Firestone's General Manager
Waeye told Mr. Dwanyen that it
was necessary to lay off the 235
employees because “their jobs
have béen eliminated.”

He said his company is to build
a new factory and it would have
an adverse effect on the com-
pany to retain the Services of the
employees involved.

Mr. Waeye said he wrote to the
Head of State and.the Minister of
Finance, informing them. about
the company’s new project ‘and
its redundancy, scheme. ‘He said
he was subsequently mandated
by the Head of State to imple-
ment the project.

A Ministry of Labour release
on July 2 quoted Mr. Kruah
Johns, Labour Inspector ‘in
“Firestone, as saying manage-
ment had already. effected
severance payment for 33 of the
235 workers slated for the redun-

18

LIBERIA

_Mancy scheme.

The company has declared the
workers redundant because it
has installed a new processing
plant which would cut the cost of
| processing rubber.

The new plant has the capacity
of processing 80 tons a day, but
Firestone’s own rubber can only
* supply about 15 per cent of the

i ‘amount." The’ company “will
| therefore depend on local, pro-
ducers to supply more rubber to
be absorbed by the new process-
ing plant.

While the new plant will en-
courage rubber farmers to redou-
ble their efforts at production,
‘particularly since the company
‘has increased the price of rubber
from 14 cents to 22 cents per
“pound, it has brought about a
redundancy measuré as it can
now do the work of a number of
people.

This is what ‘the- Fi restone
General Manager, Mr. Waeye,
might have been referring to
when ‘he ‘told Labour Minister
:Dwanyen: “Their jobs h have been
eliminated.”



The consequences of this situation affect other sectors. The situation of
idleness and banditry by adult persons who somehow are not properly punished
has been creating opportunities for youngsters of 8 or 10 years.also to engage
in this trade. Today, it is not a rare occasion for us to find children roam-
ing around aimlessly, creating serious problems in markets, cafes, and on
streetcar lines where they try to steal to survive.

Seriousness of Problem

Less than 2 weeks ago, a meeting of the party directorate with the basic organ-
izations and the democratic mass organizations was held in the capital; one of
the points on the agenda was the matter of organizing the children of mulatto
families so as to put each family in the proper setting.

In one way or another, this point--defined as one of the immediate actions to
be taken by the party's base organizations--is not separated from the problem
of the disorderly flow of migration from the rural areas to. the cities.

Looking at cases covered earlier, involving persons who go to the cities in
search of jobs, a general habit developed after independence which boiled down
to the fact that persons who had a job in the city had their families and even
their friends join them.

These families who certainly are not small in number are made up of persons
who produced their own food out in the rural areas. In the city, they consti-
tute a parasite population who only consumes and does not produce anything.

This on the other hand means less food and clothing for those who are working,
the housing situation gets worse, more difficulties are created in transport-
ing the workers because the number of persons rose daily and the number of cars
does not; schools and hospitals become insufficient. In summary, the country's
development is harmed.

5058
cso: 4742/341

46



that the improved producer price
will result in increased production
in the coming season. Seed cotton
quality shows considerable impro-
vément and a much higher pro-
portion of A grade quality has
been taken in. In addition to
supplying the local market, cotton
is a major foreign currency ear-
ner.”
OILSEEDS

“This season’s intake of soya-
beans is forecast at 90 000 tonnes,
which wil! be+35% higher than
last year's crop. 90% of the crop
has been delivered so far.

“Despite the increase, the reduc-
tion referred to earlier in the
supply of cottonseed, which is a
primary source of végetable. oil,
will result in an overall decrease of
10% in the availability of vegetable
oil. This, coupled with a much
higher demand, could lead to an
estimated shortfall of 25%. At
present however the marketing
boards have large stocks of oil-
seeds on hand for use by the expre-
ssors.

“Groundnuts represent a minor
component of our vegetable. oil
production and the crop is more
valuable.as a direct protein food.
Some exports of very high value
confectionery nuts take place.
Over 70% of the crop has been
delivered.””

SORGHUMS *
“There are ample. supplies of
this commodity which are building
up toa surplus.”

” COFFEE

“An estimated record crop of
+7000 tonnes is due to be
delivered this year. This is now a
sound and steady earner of foreign
exchange, and the industry is pro-
gressing satisfactorily.””

Mr Millar concluded his review
by saying that the Government,
Treasury, Reserve Bank and the
National Railways were playing a
vital role in the financing and
movement of Zimbawe’s agricul-
tural products.

He said that, against a back-
ground of a serious drought, it was
a tribute to Zimbabwe’s farmers

cso: 4700/1606

that they had achieved such high
levels.of production, so saving the
country the high costs of imported
foods and also earning many
millions of dollars in foreign cur-
rency from certain exports.

gl



PRC SPEAKER CLAIMS TO BE VICTIM OF FORGED SIGNATURE

Monrovia DAILY OBSERVER in English 30 Jun 82 pp 1, 10

[Article by Klon Hinneh]

[text]

_ Individuals in the community who have been
"indulging in’ the practice of forging the
‘signatures of PRC members with the aim of
soliciting funds and materials from
businessmen and personalities in the name of
PRC members, are now to watch out.

B/Gen. Jeffred Gbatu who
said he has been a constant
victim of this ugly practice,
has said drastic measures
would be taken against
anyone caught in the act.

Speaker Gbatu said that
since 1980 to the present,
some unscrupulous people
claiming to be hi cousins,

brothers and so th, have
been going around the coun-
try, illicitly collecting funds
and other materials in his
name under the pretext of
carrying out projects.

He said some of them were
running around with one —
<or two-paragraph letters on
-which his signature was forg-

ed, and they were using them

to convinte businessmen and:

other persons that they-were
sént By General Gbatu. “This

cso: 4700/1608

authorized certain in

is a blow to my reputation,”
he said.

The General said in an in-
terview that while no one has

“been apprehended since the

beginning of 1982 for such;
acts, he was occasionally con-
fronted by personalities. and

Lebanese businessmen ‘in

connection with people going
to them to make demands
upon his orders.

He frowned upon the habit
which has become prevalent
and which was causing him
serious embarrassment.

Everywhere. he went,
friends and businessmen
would be asking him if he had
duals
to solicit aid from them, he
said.

29

LIBERIA

“I want to let the people of
Liberia and _ foreign
businessmen as well know
that I am not associated with
any group that is seeking sup-
port of any nature for any

‘ project,” General Gbatu

| asseverated.

., He asked the public to
cooperate with him by seiz-
ing documents from anyone
approaching them for
assistance in his name and
contacting his office without
delay for appropriate action.

“If those who are engaged
in this habit do not adhere, to
this warning and someone is
caught, a severe penalty
would be instituted against
them,” he concluded.



LIBERIA

PRC APPROVES PRO FORMA FISCAL YEAR 1982-1983 BUDGET

Monrovia NEW LIBERIAN in English 9 Jul 82 pp 1, 7

[text]

A pro-forma-budget of four

hundred and sixty-nine
million dollars has been
approved. by the People's
Redemption Council for

Fiscal Year 1982/83.

There will be a 15 percent
“deduction across the board
of the approved budget,which
,does not emphasize the
laying off of employees .How-
ever, Ministers and Heads of
Government Agencies have
been’ advised to. ‘carefully
scrutinize their staff for
unproductive individuals and
where redundancy is evident.

The Ministers have also been
advised to exercise an
honest control of expenditu-
res while,closely scrutini-
zing their payrolls.

Delivering his statement on
the budget Thursday at. a
joint. meeting of the Council
and Cabinet at the Capitol,
Head of State Doe said the
ecohomic situation around
the world has not improved
since the preparation of
the last budget.

14

He said, eventhough govern-
ment has tried flesperately
to improve the domestic con-
ditions, \.the trends in the

economy still indicate
"negative growth." He added
that the economic growth
suffered’ a 10.7 percent
decline in 1981 compared to
19803."

Looking at the situation

in absolute figures, Head of-
State Doe said, the value of
all = goods and services
produced in Liberia declined
from $801 million in 1980 to
$715 million in 1981, a loss
of about $86 million.

Head of State Doe also
said the projected revenue
for’ fiscal year 1981/82 de-

.Clined considerably from $268

million to $237 million.

Under the circumstances, the
C-I-C said, the Minister of
Finance has indicated that
his best revenué projection

for fiscal year 1982/83 is
$258 million. This prdjec-
tion reflects a $21. million



cso:

proclamation is heard by the Appeal
Court.

The Rand Daily Mail approached four
specialists in constitutional law for their
opinion on the dispute yesterday.

Three of the four felt that Wednesday's
Natal Supreme Court decision meant that
Mr Justice Shearer’s order should be
brought into operation until August 2 —
or, if it comes before August 2, the judg-
ment of the Appeal Court on the second
proclamation.

Professor John Dugard, director of thé
Centre of Applied Legal Studies, said: “I
‘cannot see how the State can suggest that
a proclamation found to be invalid by the
Natal Provincial Division of the Supreme
Court should become valid because the
matter is taken on appeal”.

He added: “In my view the second proc-
lamation under the Black Administration
Act is invalid until it is found to be valid
by a higher court. Mr Justice Shearer's
interdict therefore holds”.

Dr Laurence Boulle, senior lecturer in
law at the University of Natal, said of
Wednesday’s court decision: “The position
seems to be that the judgment is effec-
tive until it is reversed. To do otherwise
would be to render the court decision
ineffective”. -

The pending appeal to the Appeal
Court, he added, did not amount to a stay

4700/1609

57

on the court decision and the “authority
claimed in the second proclamation on
Ingwavuma” could not, therefore, be
asserted.

Professor Marinus Wiechers, of the
University of South Africa, said: “The se
ond proclamation has been declared inva-
lid. The first stands. Mr Justice Shearer's
‘order on the first is therefore operative. I
cannot see how they can rely on an appeal
to-suspend a Supreme Court ruling. Noth-
ing has happened to overrule Mr Justice
Shearer's decision”.

Mr Jerold Taitz, senior lecturer in law
at the University of Cape Town, took a
different view.

He cited the possibility of a man sen-
tenced to death for murder but given
leave to appeal. If the court decision was
carried, the man would be executed and
the position irrevocable. The court deci-
sion had to be suspended until the appeal
was heard.

‘The same principles hold, he argued, in
the Ingwavuma dispute, the more so as
the Natal Supreme Court did not rule that
KwaZulu’s interests would be prejudiced
by a delay in the execution of its decision.

The dispute should be settled by early
next week. Chief Buthelezi’s lawyers have
been instructed to obtain an order from
the Natal Supreme Court for its order to
come into immediate effect.



ZIMBABWE

CIVIL SERVICE SEEKS TO HIRE SIXTY EXPATRIATES
Harare THE HERALD in English 15 Jul 82 p 3

[Text] More than 60 positions in Zimbabwe's civil service, 10 of which need ex-
perienced but not necessarily qualified people, are advertised in a British maga-
zine, The Accountant, this month. .

The 10 executive positions advertised, three for chief audit inspectors, three
for principal audit inspectors and four for audit inspectors, state: "While some
form of professional accounting qualification is desirable, a qualification is not
essential for appointment to executive stream posts.

"Emphasis is on a wide practical experience of accounting, auditing, or internal
auditing, including staff management."

A spokesman for the Public Service Commission said yesterday: "We want people
with qualifications, and most importantly, experience. People who really know the
job." .

Conditions for the expatriates, who would come on three-year contracts, include re«
turn air fares for themselves, their wives and up to three children.

A third of their salaries could be remitted, the spokesman said, to help meet com-
mitments such as mortgage and insurance payments in Britain.

They can also import their personal effects, furniture and car duty-free.

Posts for 35 senior auditors were also advertised, with applicants either holding
a professional accounting qualification or studying for it.

They also must have a minimum of one year's experience and be prepared to start
as audit assistants, later to be appointed to senior auditors, "subject to no pre-
judice being suffered by staff".

There were also posts for contract assessors, again needing qualifications and exper-
fence. Six posts in the Department of Customs and Excise were advertised, two for
customs, two for excise and two for values officers. Applicants must have seven
year's experience two in the jobs they had applied for.

cso: 4700/1606

110



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

DEFENCE BILL IN SENATE-~The Civil Defence Bill went through its Committee Stage in
the Senate on Wednesday without amendments and was shortly afterwards given its
third reading. During the Committee Stage, the Deputy Minister of Local Government
and Town Planning, Senator George Chinengundu, said that although there was a sec-
tion in the Bill which said volunteers would give 30 days' notice before resigning,
it was not the minister's intention to prosecute those who decided not to give
such notice. The intention was to give the defence officer enough time to assure
himself that he had enough men for a disaster in his area. Asked whether the State
would bury the deceased according to the wishes of the relatives once a disaster
came to an end, the deputy minister said the Government had made no provision to ex-
hume bodies that had already been buried. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English

9 Jul 82 p 3]

DAIRY INDUSTRY--The Government has adopted an integrated plan for the development
of the dairy industry which will require a $47 million investment over the next
four years, it was announced yesterday. The Dairy Marketing Board said the plan
was aimed at ensuring that Zimbabwe became self-sufficient in dairy products as
soon as possible. The plan provides for the overhual of existing factories owned by
the DMB, new processing capacities to meet rising domestic demand and major dairy
development in communal farming areas, resettlement areas and on small-scale commer—
cial farms. An important part of the plan was the development of a bulk milk-
collection scheme which was given the final official go-ahead yesterday when the
Deputy Minister of Finance, Economic Planning and Development Mr Ezekiel Sanyangare,
and the Norwegian Charge d'Affaires, Mr Nils-Johan Jorgensen, signed a $3,7 mil-
lion aid agreement to enable Zimbabwe to buy 406 bulk-milk coolers. Funds genera-
ted by the scheme would be used to establish milk-production and collection cen-
tres in communal areas. The DMB said the total bulk-milk scheme would cost about
$7,6 million and would be financed by Norway and the Netherlands and through commo-
dity credits.--Ziana. [Text] [Harare THE HERALD in English 10 Jul 82 p 1]

COMPULSORY ID's--It will soon be compulsory for residents of nine more districts to
carry national registration cards, according to regulations gazetted last week.
The notice said it would be compulsory for residents of the districts of Marondera,
Lomagundi, Hurungwe, Chilimanzi, Charter, Hwange, Nyamandhlovu, Bubi and Lupane

to register under the National Registration Act by August 1, 1984, [Text] [Harare
THE HERALD in English 12 Jul 82 p 3]

112



INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS

BRIEFS

SMALL=BUSINESSES MEETING--Maseru--Representatives of small-scale enterprises
development corporations from four southern African countries are to meet in
Maseru from July 26 to 28 to discuss matters of mutual interest and to
explore areas of regional cooperation in the development of small-scale
enterprises.--Zapa [text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 16 Jul 82
p 27

cso: 4700/1585 i



Of the assaults on
December 28, Mr Stut-
taford says: “I was
handcuffed. They pull-
ed the ratchet of the
police handcuffs as

necting chain. This
caused intense pain and
cut my wrists. This was
done for at least an
hour.

“Although I suffer
from high blood press-
ure, I was made to per,
form all manner
physical exercises. They
made me jog. They put
a mark on the floor and
made my hold my finger
on it while spinning
round and round. They
made me sit in an im-
aginary chair so that I
fell down. If I did not do
what they told’ me, I
was kicked and
punched...

“When I returned to
the prison, the OC said
he wanted me examined
immediately by the pris-
on doctor. The follow-
ing day I saw an Asian
doctor who examined
me thoroughly. He said:
“You know, you read
about this, but you
never believe these
things can happen.”

On December 19 he
was taken to Matape
Police Station ‘and

.again massively as

cso: 4700/1602

saulted for four hours,
with heavy blows to the
head. On return to the
prison, “my body was
sore all over and I hard-
ly slept.”

“My right ear and my
right leg were very sore
and I could hardly
walk.”

On January 4 he was
taken to the Mabvuku
Police Station in leg
irons and again tortur-
ed. While at Mabvuku,
some African children
heard Mr Stuttaford
screaming and came to
see what was happen-
ing. -His interrogators
chased them away. -

Mr Stuttaford has
now been in detention
without charges for 251
days. Mr Mugabe re-
portedly told former
British Foreign -Sec-
retary, Lord Carring-
ton, five months ago he
would be either re-
leased or brought to
court without delay.

Questioned on this,
the Deputy Minister of
Home Affairs, Mr Alex-
io Mudzingwa, said
Lord Carrington was
“irrelevant”.

Repeated efforts by
‘The Citizen to find out
what, if anything, Amt
nesty International is
doing about Mr Stutta-
ford have proved
fruitless.

89



MOZAMBIQUE

MACHEL CALLS FOR ARMED RESISTANCE TO WAVE OF REACTION
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Jun 82 p 1
[Speech by President Samora Machel: "The Tomb of Reaction"]

[Text] "Maputo will be the real and first grave of reaction. We are ready
for any attempt by the reactionaries against our process of liberation,
against our economic and social development," said the chairman of the FRELIMO
Party by way of introduction to a series of guidelines which, in the first
phase, will cover the country's capital and which will later on be expanded to
other parts of the People's Republic of Mozambique.

In introducing these guidelines, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces
recalled that some progressive governments have fallen because they did not
know how to use the strength of the people by giving them arms to defend them-
selves.

Samora Machel also talked about the recent meeting he had with fellow citizens
who, during colonial times, were involved with the forces of repression. At
the end of that meeting, many of those fellow citizens asked that their pro-
cess of liberation be completed with their involvement in the tasks of defend-
ing the revolution, especially military defense.

The meeting, held 2 weeks ago in the capital of Sofala with the fighters of the
Armed National Liberation Struggle, was also mentioned by the chief of state.
More than in the case of the previous meeting, the warriors of the People's
War against foreign rule asked to be allowed to participate in the most arduous
tasks of the revolution, especially in the war against the armed bands.

During that meeting in Beira, the chairman of the FRELIMO Party, in response
to the many remarks made by the fighters, gave.the following watchword: "Let
us take off our neckties and let us put on our uniforms."

Yesterday, in this same spirit, the chief of state, who was in uniform, began
by personally asking for a weapon, putting it on his belt. This act was the
point of departure for a series of guidelines which he gave as follows and
which we present here:

The leaders of the party and the state who have commissions as officers will
have to wear uniforms and arms.

34



— some of whose repre-

sentatives are in this
country,” Cde Ushewo-
kunze said. -

Emphasising the need to
renew the present state
of emergency, he said the
security situation in the
country demanded, as a
matter of necessity, its
extension for another six
months.

The security forces
were constantly reacting

to “diabolical and ‘callous”
acts perpetrated against
innocent, peace-loving in-
habitants by some warped
minded, politically orient-
ated armed elements.
The minister said that
from ‘what had been hap-
pening, it was quite clear
that “the country was
threatened both " exter-
nally and internally. “Our
national life is so threat.
ened by the internal sub-
version of dissidents and
the evil. designs of ‘ex-
ternal powers,” he said.

"Debate Must Be Allowed to Flourish’

‘VIGILANCE is needed to
prevent the emergency
powers reverting to their
colonial status of stifling
all debate in the couatry,
Cde Herbert Ushewokunze
told the Assembly yester-
day.

He said that healthy de-
bate and = self-criticism
must be allowed to”
flourish in’ the continuing
struggle for a new Zim-
babwe. .

Mobilising the people
against subversion and the
arming of militants to de-
fend revolutionary gains
was only sure
guarantee for security, he
added,

‘The minister sald ban
dits would be severely
dealt ‘with if they per-
sisted, He distinguished
hetween, two categories of

dissidents: Those politic.
ally-motivated and those
who felt rootless and

alienated without work or
immediate prospects, -

‘The second group he re-
garded “as our responsi-
bility’. The, Government
must try to resettle them
through training — pro--

es and assisting
their reintegration into
society.

“T urge all those in this
group to take advantage
of an amnesty,” he said,

In the pursuit of inter-
nal security, emergency
powers were used to re-
strict individual
for the: sake of collective
security, Emergency pow-
ers should be used for
short term needs while
organising for long term
security, the minister said.

«He said that if the

CSO: 4700/1606

Prime Minister’s calt to
“beat our - swords into
ploughshares” had- been
heeded, the reconciliation
of past antagonists would
have operated in all
spheres — economic, soclal
ang political. .

The emergency powers
had been applied most,
frequently since independ-
ence in the fields of eco-
nomics and State’ security,
the. minister said.

Emergency powers had
been used in the economic
sphere because market
forces had failed to regu-
late the economy.

“But then. how could
such forces be expected to
work in a situation where
our laws favour those
who have more than those
who have not?” he asked.

Emergency regulations
had been most sharply felt
in State security, “especi-
ally by those who lost both
orf the battlefield and at
the ballot box but who
have insisted on pursuing

Jong dead aims,” Cde
Ushewokunze said. —
Ziana.

96

Lasting peace and secu-
rity could only be achiev-
ed and maintained through
eailective action of politic-
ally-conscious people.

Emergency powers
would be used for short-
term needs while organ-
ising for long-term secu-
rity. .

He warned bandits to
take heed that they would
be severely dealt with and
appealed to the public not
to shield, assist or protect
them or dissidents,



During the period of transitional government, this struggle "was clearly
identified with the defense of independence that was approaching." The
development of the revolutionary: process and the building of socialism,
"sharpened class struggle on the domestic and international level, especially
in southern Africa." This development demanded "increasingly greater vigilance,
detection and repression of the class enemy.

"The unleashing of the political and organizational offensive pointed to the
domestic enemy as the main obstructor of the economy and our weapons turned
against him," says the preamble of the law, adding:

"The domestic enemy acts in many and various ways, such as disorganization and
inertia, stagnation, carelessness, hoarding, speculation, black marketeering,
neglecting to channel production, not importing in time, falsifying invoices,
abusing power, practicing nepotism and sabotage, and other ways of trying to
destroy the economy."

This type of action, as indicated in the law which will be published in its
entirety tomorrow, generates or aggravates the problems of starvation, lack of
clothing and underdevelopment. The struggle against class enemies identified
by these actions is not easy or simple, demanding organization, vigilance and
the engagement of all workers.

11635
CsO: 4742/339

37