BABANGIDA LAUNCHES TREE PLANTING CAMPAIGN

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 9 Jul 86 p 1

[Text]

19274
cso:

T HE. federal government
has approved 414.5 million
from the Ecological Problems
Fund for specific projects to
further enhance the implemen-
tation of forestry programmes
particularly in the arid zone ot
the country, President Ibrahim
Babangida said on Monday in
Maiduguri.

Launching the mass mobili
sation phase of the National
Tree Planting Campaign at
Gubio, near Maiduguri, Maj-
Gen Babangida said that of the
amount 12.45 million would
be released soon.

Maj-Gen Babangida said
that the federal government
was determined to check abuses
of forestry resources as well ds
encourage practices that would
check the advance of desertiti-
cation,

He said that appropriate
steps would be taken to ensure+
that both states and local
governments evolved

“comprehensive grazing pro-

grammes to check over-grazing
and encourage livestock pro-
duction,

3400/144

He appealed to the states and
local governments to enforce
the existing laws on indiscri-
minate bush-burning.

‘The president said that this
mobilisation approach to tree
planting was aimed at finding
answers to detorestation, land
il erosion, provision
|-wood, timber, natural
shades and the war against the
degradation of the environ
ment.

President Babangida said
that statistics. available

dicated that about 20,000
square kilometres of land in
Borno, Sokoto, Kano, Kaduna
and Bauchi States were severely
aftected by drought and desert
conditions.

He said that now the watch-

word should be, “if you must .

femove a tree, ensure that you
at least plant five in its place
and mature them to
adulthood”,

Maj-Gen Babangida said
that from this moment, he

55

would expect the federal, state
and local governments to
devote adequate proportions of
their resources for creating
forests, shelter belts, woodlots
and ensure their effective

He thanked international
organisations and companies
which had shown keen
interest in ‘the country’s
afforestation programmes,

The Borno Governor, Lt-Col
Abdulmuminu Aminu, said that
more than 64,122.85 square
kilometres or 55 per cent of the
total surface area of the state
was classified as arid or semi-
arid zone.

Lt-Col Aminu said that
desert encroachment was.

greatly affecting the people of
the state,

He said that the drought
victims were, therefore,
confronted by imminent starva-
tion and considerable hardship.

Highlights of the occasion
was the planting of trees by the
president and other dignitaries
in the 10-kilometre’ shelter belt
inGubio.

NIGERIA



FOREIGN MINISTER'S COMMENT ON LIBYA PRAISED

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 1 Jul 86 p 2

[Column by Ita Akuku]

{Text ]

EVERY man is a master of
his own fate. So also is every
country. The statement of the
country’s External Affairs
Minister, Professor Bolaji
Akinyemi on the
Libya/America conflict is
timely. The minister rightly
said that when reckless people
get themselves in trouble and
expect Nigeria to help without
first being consulted it would
not be an act of leadership but

subservience to respond.
‘The statement can be said to

‘be the most courageous and

honest in recent times in this
continent. Gone are the days
when people were led by their
noses,

In the Western world, most
European countries did not
deny the fact that Libya has,a
hand in most terrorists acts in
the world, but they refused on
moral grounds to endorse
America’s military option
against it. When eventually
America went on with her in-
fain pnilaterally, to bomb

‘a, Europe unequivocally
condemned her. This is
maturity.

But in Africa and the Arab
world, there was Stereotype
reaction as if Gaddafi has
been an ‘angel’. Should Africa
be regarded as an-advocate of
terrorism? Right from the
imurder of Israeli athletes in
Montreal Canadato the Israel
hostages crisis in Entebe —
Uganda, Africa never once
condemned such horrible in-
human acts. History has
repeated itself agdin in Rome,
Vienna, West Berlin discothe-
que and TWA Airliner attacks

21

and bombings with no sym-
pathy from Africa. But each
time reprisals are carried out
by the afflicted countries.
Africa is guick to condemn
without making reference to
what warrants the action. This
in a cawardly act.

Anyway, Akinyemi’s state-
ment was a step to getting this
country out of the foreign

licy ‘blunder it has been in
for some time now. For in-
stance, why should Nigeria
continue to keep Israef at
arms length diplomatically
when Libya and radical Arab
states like Iran and Syria have
rejected all moves of a peace
settlement with the State of
Israel? All they areafter is the
obliteration of Israel from the
surface of the.earth.

Well, Akinyemi should be
rest assured that three

irtegs of the population of

this country Support him. Now .

that the storm has subsided.
many have come to realise
their mistake in their emo-
tional support of Gaddafi in
the wake of the American at-
tre

Chief Chimezie Ikeazor,
Senior Advocate of Nigeria
and former member of the
governing council of the
Negerian Institute of Interna-
tional Affairs has spoken out
in support of the minister. En-
couraginaly from Benin, a
social critic and a left wing na-
tionalist, Mr. Andrew Iyere
Wilson has also praised

NIGERIA



NOTE

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Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
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mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

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Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



ECOWAS INSURANCE CARD PROGRAN--Nigeria will launch her ECOWAS brown card scheme
on Tuesday, The scheme is designed to provide third party liability insurance
cover for victims or road accidents occurring within the territories of ECOWAS
member-states. The National Insurance Corporation of Nigeria, NICON, is
coordinating the scheme in the country. Already, the FMG [Federal Military
Government] has promulgated a decree for the implementation of the scheme in
the country. [Text] [Lagos Domestic Service in English 1500 GNT 20 Jul 386

AB] = /9274

cso: 3400/146

64



SOUTH AFRICA

BLACK BUSINESSMAN SAYS NO BLACK MIDDLE-CLASS BUFFER
Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 13 Jul 86 p 15
[Article by David Breier]

[Text] One of white South Africa's fondest myths was shattered this week - by
South Africa's leading black businessman. This was the belief that a black
middle-class, including businessmen, would form a buffer between white South
Africa and the black masses.

In an interview with THE SUNDAY STAR after his epoch-making speech in Cape
Town this week, Dr Sam Motsuenyane, the president of the National African
Federated Chamber of Commerce, said that this white belief had now been shown
to be a mere myth.

Nafcoc, representing 15 000 black businessmen, has now sided with “total
liberation” and Dr Motsuenyane in his address to the Nafcoc congress, spelt
out a long list of issues on which the banned African National Congress agreed
with Nafcoc.

“We do not want to be used to perpetuate the status quo,” he told the SUNDAY
STAR.

Dr Motsuenyane, unlike many critics of the Government who talk in vague
cliches like “power-sharing” and “ending apartheid", was prepared to spell out
exactly what political and economic goals blacks now struggled for.

Whites must be prepared to give up white political power based on colour.
“This is nonnegotiable from a black point of view,” he said.

The black majority is a reality and this must take effect in any future
democratic government, he said.

On the economic level blacks must become part of the mainstream of big
business and not merely be on the periphery "receiving crumbs from the table,”
he added.

Dr Motsuenyane says that these were not merely words and Nafcoc was following
them up with deeds.

75



MALI

TWO-YEAR AGREEMENT SIGNED WITH USSR
Bamako L'ESSOR in French 21 May 86 pp 1, 3

[Text] His Excellency Evgueri Nersessov, Ambassador of the USSR, and Sekou
Minandiou Traore, Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the BEC of the Democratic
Union of the Malian People (UDPM), signed on 17 May, in the House of the
People, a 2-year program of cooperation between the UDPM and the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union.

This program stated the Soviet plenipotentiary, is composed of several
elements: the exchange of delegations and information on the activities of
the two parties, contacts between party press organs, and cooperation in the
training of political cadres. "We are convinced that the realization of this
program will contribute to the consolidation of the bonds of friendship which
“exist so happily between our two fraternal parties," added His Excellency
Nersessov. And the development of these ties, because it truly serves the
interests of the Malian and Soviet peoples, and of all the forces of social
progress and national liberation, is the pledge of a better future. Mr
Nersessov assured our country's political leaders of success in carrying out
this program of cooperation and of their continuing availability to work for
its success, since, he concluded, "it corresponds perfectly to the CPSU's
program, of which the new draft -was adopted by the 27th Congress."

As viewed by the Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the UDPM, the program of
cooperation adequately illustrates that unfailing dynamic which our two
parties promote at every opportunity in their cooperative relations. For 2
years, therefore, the two parties will exert themselves to tighten and further
develop the bonds of friendship and fruitful cooperation which have united
them since the birth of the UDPM. This bears witness, continued Sekou
Minandiou Traore, to the desire of the two parties to exchange experiences in
the construction of a just society for a world at peace. Thus, added Mr
Traore, General Moussa Traore, Secretary General of the UDPM, and all the
militants of our party are following closely and with interest the progress
achieved by the CPSU under the far-sighted direction of Mikhail Gorbachev.

Present at the signing ceremony were Mrs Sow Rokatiou Sow and Amadou Daouda
Dialio, President of the UNFM and Secretary General of the UNJM, respectively,
and many other co-workers.

12991/9435

CSO: 3419/283

11



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

AFRIKANERS URGED TO CONTROL SCHOOLS--Conservative Afrikaners have been urged
to infiltrate school management committees so that they can control key
decisions. The call to give them controlling power at school managment
council level came at the second bi-annual congress of the ultra-conservative
Afrikaner-volkswag. Spearheaded by Tukkies theologian Dr Carl Boshoff, the
sombre two-day gathering under the slogan, "The People's Right", held at the
Willem Prinsloo Agricultural Museum near Bronkhorspruit, attracted an
estimated 250 men, women and children. Various prominent academics, including
Professors Alkmaar Swart of Unisa, Fanie Jacobs from Potchefstroom University,
Piet Nel of Pretoria University and Dr Chris Jooste, director of Sabra, argued
for the implementation of an exclusive white Afrikaner education system along
the lines of the historical CNO (Christian National Educatin) schools. The
recently published, "The New History of Southern Africa”, was criticised for
“casting a bad light on Afrikaners of the past". Members from Pretoria's
Brooklyn branch said they were “shocked that children should be subjected to
such a liberal interpretation of our history". The fast-growing SOS Childrens

- Village Association, a multiracial organisation supplying homes to hundreds of
South Afircan orphans, was also condemned. Dr Boshoff said the Afrikaner is
facing the worst crisis in his history. [Text] [Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in
English 13 Jul 86 p 7] [Article by Elsabe Wessels] /13104

cso: 3400/315

70



AZIKIWE SAYS OLD, NEW POLITICIANS SHOULD EXCHANGE IDEAS

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 10 Jul 86 p 1

{Article by Stan Okeke]

{Yext]

TT RE former president of
Nigeria, Dr Nnamdi
Azikiwe, the Owelle of Onitsha
has described the ten-year ban
‘on politicians of the Second
Republic as superficial and
cosmetic.

According to him, “the right
hand must know what the left

hand does because the new '
breed of politicians are children

‘of the old brigade.””
Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, who
spoke to Government House

19274

csO: 3400/144

correspondents after Governor
Emeka Omeruah paid him
courtesy call at his Onuiyi

. Haven in Nsukka, was of the

opinion that there should be
some interaction and exchange
of ideas between the old and
new “because they have to fi
back to the older ones for
advice’’,

He said the ban would not
affect the functioning of the
new politicians and therefore
advocated that the old and
young should work together
and co-operate with whatever
government we have, so as to

28

* advance peacefully.

Zik also said that all the “‘old
brigade of politicians’ should
do ‘tis offer our advice and
then work together “in the
interest of the country.”*

He advised that all should
continue to be patriotic and
never do anything to upset the
apple-cart of the stability of
our country.

Dr Azikiwe said there was nc
way Nigeria could isolate itself
from the rest of the world,
being a member of the United
Nations,

“In the United Nations, you
have states which have certain
norms
nations are known.
cannot escape ‘that; so no
matter what happens, there
must be a tend of
parliamentary and >residential
systems of gov .anert to
enable ous. fer ify. cnr
membership of tt UN,” Zik

said.

He added that this would be
in addition to whatever changes
or re-orientation we might
make in order to harmonise our
own indigenous system.

by which civilised”
Nigeria -

NIGERIA

Dr Azikiwe said that when ne
advocated diarchy he never
‘meant rule by civilians and the
military.

“1 called It democracy with
military vigilance; that is, the
sivilians should rule and the
military to act as umpires to
ensure that the civilians play
the game according to rules,’*
he explained.

‘Also. speaking the Oba—
Onitsha Airport, the Owelle
noted that it would be of great
commercial value, in view of
the role Onitsha plays in the
economy of the country.


e Finding employment for individuals who have tried,
every other possibility.
“Our main function is not to act as an employment’
agency, but if there are individuals who need our
help, we will obviously assist them,” she says. ¢ ao
@ Training courses. / ‘
Courses on how to look for jobs, how to handle inter-
‘views and training courses are planned. Escom is
, Presently screening applicants in Alexandra for 10-
; » week courses in electronics and plumbing.
. qe rovide 30 people with some sort of skill
“they can use in looking for a job,” says Mrs Scafo.
says’ are ina critical ‘Situation at the moment,” she
She ‘ts asking members of the public to contribute
anything they. can: to Operation Unemployment,
whether it is money, goods, time, expertise, training
for any unemployed person, premises or capital for
small businesses and finally, ideas.
. Anyone Interested should telephone 6405149 or
640 7666 or call at 51‘Avondale Street, Sydenham.

Market for Crafts Established

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Jul 86 p 12

{Article by Lesley Cowling]

[Text]

uperation Employment, a non-profit-making organi-—
sation set up last year in response to increasing un-
employment, is to launch a Saturday morning market
to boost home industries and self-employment.

The market, with 120 stalls, will open in Waverley,
Johannesburg, on September 6.

Stalls are being assembled by the unemployed and,
for September, will be available free of charge to

19274
cso:

3400/326

99

people of ali races. From October, there will be a
nominal fee to cover running costs.

Anyone who can sew, knit, weave, embroider, do
leatherwork or carpentry, bake cakes, bottle jam or
make anything that can be sold, can contact Opera-
tion Employment at (011) 640-5146 or 640-7666 or visit
the organisation’s offices at 51 Avondale Street, Sy-
denham, Johannesburg.



ROLE OF LOCAL COURTS CRITICIZED

Kano SUNDAY TRIUMPH in English 6 Jul 86 p 6

[Editorial]

{Text ]

NO one who has closely followed the ac
tivities of our area courts, especially during
the arid days of the defunct second republic
when they were easily manipulated for
achieving certain political ands, will not now
be weary of their existence.

This is understandable for two main
reasons. Firstly, is the growing public disillu-
sionment over their crude and inept style of
administering justice, a crucial factor that
has more than anything else betrayed their
capability to deliver fair judgment without
undue delays and in some cases subterra-
nean influences.

Secondly, is the factor that exposes the in-
herent contradiction within the arrangement
itself; the dispensation of justice, where this

_is noticeable at all, is often at variance with

the tenets of natural justice.

In line with this, is the intense myth of their
culpably corrupt and callous exposures that
has increasinaly seen our area’ courts as
synonymous with judicial infidelity. Instances

public outcry against, or outright condem-
nation of the odious activities of area courts
in this connection are many, and are better
left for the archives.

Underscoring these, however, is the near
total absence of properly coded functions for
area courts and the relevant educational
prerequisites for their administrators,

That is why we see the recommendation by
the Abuja branch of the Nigerian Bar
Association (NBA), that area courts in the
Federal Capital Territory (FCT) be divested of
jurisdiction in all criminal matters, as both
weicome and timely, particularly at this
stage of our development when Nigerians are
looking forward to yet another attempt at
civil rule in 1990.

35

NIGERIA



Michika at the weekend that there was no need for panic or for people to be~-
come unnecessarily anxious about the dissolution.of the council. He said
section 73 of the Local Government Reforms Edict of 1976 vested powers of ap-
pointment, discipline and removal of traditional rulers in the state governors
and therefore he was only exercising those powers. He explained that the
government was determined to look into all its arms and agencies with a view
to involving the people in the activities of the government, especially at the
grassroot level. Colonel Madaki said the withdrawal of the emir's personal
staff was done in error and that he had directed that the decision be
rescinded, He declared; "As far as I am concerned, Alhaji Umaru Abba Tukur
is the Emir of Muri; I have a very high degree of respect for him as well as
any other traditional ruler in the state but that does mean that I should not
give directives to him as the chief executive of the state." He gave as-
surance that the Muri Emirate Council would be reconstituted as soon as pos-
sible provided that the government had completed all arrangements. [Excerpts]
(By Abu Tapidi] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 14 Jul 86 p 1] /9274

FULANI SETTLEMENT PLAN--The Plateau State Government is now working hard to-
wards a permanent settlement for the Nomadic Fulani in the state. To this end,
the government, in conjunction with the Federal Government and the Food and
Agricultural Organisation (FAO), is now developing a 150,000 hectare land as

a grazing reserve at Wase Local Government area for the Nomadic Fulani. The
area is to be divided into 140 hectre pieces a family and leased out to pastor-
alists for a period of 50 years. This was made known to the Daily Times in an
interview by the state Commissioner for Agriculture, Mr Maxwel Yakubu. Mr
Yakubu said that already 16 Fulani families with their herds of cattle were
being settled around two of the 16 dams in the reserve. Two livestock service
centres were being established to cater for the health of the animals as well
as other cattle within the area, he said. Mr Yakubu expected that by the end
of the settlement scheme, about 700,000 cattle would be settled on the reserve.
The commissioner appealed to both livestock and crops producers to always con-
sult the extention agents located all over the state and to always report any
outbreak of diseases as quickly as possible. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TINES in
English 26 Jun 86 p 3] /9274

KANO PROMOTION OF GROUNDNUTS--The Kano State Government has set aside 3
million this year on multiplication of groundnut seeds. Col Ahmed Mohammed
Daku, the military governor of the state, made this known, while receiving the
officials of the Northern States Farmers Association, who called on him last
Wednesday in his office. He said that the measure was part of government's
efforts to revive the production of groundnut in the state, which was one of
the major foreign exchange earners for the country in the early 1970s. The gov-
ernor then urged the farmers to regard the ban on importation of rice, wheat
and maize by the Federal Government as a challenge to them to produce such mode
of commodities to meet locai demand and become self-sufficient in food produc-
TION. Col Daku maintained that the two state-owned agricultural companies,
KNARDA and KASCO, were set up by the state government in order to assist farm-
ers to acquire farming imputs, fertilizers improved seeds and subsidised prices
to boost their agricultural production. He said that despite the economic
erunch, the two agricultural companies were making a tremendous impact in the
rural areas. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 5 Jul 86 p 3] /9274

60



IMO, CROSS RIVER BORDER COMMUNITIES CONTINUE PEACE EFFORTS

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 27 Jun 86 p 16

{Article by Isaac Ohaeri]

[Text]

19274
cso:

RADITIONAL ‘rulers it

border communities 0
Imo and Cross River States
have resolved that former
politicians and political office
holders in the country be
prevented from attending
border peace committee
meetings.
| The contributions of such
politicians at‘ border meetings
have been found to be inimical
to the realisation of lasting
peace in border communities.

The traditional rufer of
-Akunkpa in Cross River State,
Obong Etinyin Osoni’ moved’
the resolution during a border
peace committee meeting of*
Imo and Cross River States
held = ats Ututy in
Arochukwu/Ohafia —_local
government area of Imo State
last Thursday. H

3400/145

vong — Etinyin — Osom
explained that former politi-
cians were in the’ habit’ of
making inflammable state-
ments without realising theit
consequences on the peaceful
co-existence of border commu-
nities.

Such statements, he said,
made it impossible for peace to
be achieved in the affected
communities.

The traditional rulers from
Imo and Cross River States
who agreed on the resolution
also resolved that civil servants,
teachers, community leader:
and traditional rulers should be
encouraged to aitend border
peace meetings to enhance:
speedy: return of peace’ in the
“disturbed border areas.

The peace committee called
sfor better co-existence’ and co-
operation oetween the people
of Imo and Cross River States

31

living in the border ureas.

Also speaking, _ the:
traditional ruler of Ututu, Eze
$.N. Okore said that tradi-
tdnal rulers were committed to
the return of peace to border
towns in the area,

In another development, a
team of federal surveyors will
soon arrive in Imo and Cross
River States to demarcate the.
actual boundaries of the two’
states as contained in the
federal government white’
Papers on boundary adiust-
ments,

Disciosing this to Daily Star’
at Abuma Uyptu in Arochukwu
/Ohafia local government area,
after a border peace committee
meeting, the sole administrator
for Akunkpa in Cross River
State, Mr B.J. Inok Inyabri
said the team will start work
from Aba and Ikot-Ekpene.

NIGERIA



information was made known in an address read on behalf of the state commis-
sioner for health by Dr P. I. Okolo, chief medical officer of Anambra State
at the opening ceremony of the family planning course for nurses, held at the
UNTH, Enugu. Also speaking at the ceremony, the head of department, obstetrics
and gynaecology, UNTH, Enugu Professor William Chukudebelu explained that the
objective of the course was to train manpower who would use their knowledge
and expertise to foster the establishment of family planning clinics in the
remote areas of the state. Professor Chukudebelu attributed the high birth
rate in the country to the ravages of the civil war which claimed thousands
of lives, adding that the psychological mood of people was to make up for the
human losses of the war. [Excerpts] [By Eucharia Onwumelu] [Enugu DAILY
STAR in English 9 Jul 86 p 16] /9274

ACCELERATED ANANBRA POLICE INVESTIGATION~-A decree which will compel the police
to complete the investigation of any criminal case within six months would

soon be promulgated. The decree when enacted will compel the police to finish
investigations within the stipulated period or have the accused persons dis-
charged for want of prosecution. Disclosing this while briefing the press on
the activities of his ministry the Attorney-General and Commissioner for Justice,
in Anambra State, Mr J. C. Ugwu, said that the promulgation of the decree was
one of the decisions reached at the recent conference of Attorney-Generals of
the federation in Jos and Owerri, respectively. Other measures to decongest
the prisons according to the state Attorney-General were the provision for
verbatim reporters and automatic recording machines for recording proceedings
in the courts, the building of three or four forensic laboratories and the
engagement of handwriting analysts to facilitate the speedy trials of cases
requiring handwriting expert opinions. Mr Ugwu regretted that no new prison
houses have been built in Anambra State since 30 years ago, while lack of a
number of infrastructures have militated against the successful decongestion
of cases pending in the courts. [Excerpt] [Enugu DAILY STAR in English

10 Jul 86 p 1] /9274

ONITSHA AIRSTRIP, AIR SERVICE--The Niger State government in cooperation with
some Nigerians will commence daily commercial charter flights to serve Onitsha,
Minna and Lagos before December, 1986. Also an airstrip will be constructed

at Onitsha to serve the airline. Speaking in an exclusive interview in inna
the Military Governor, Col David Mark on why he decided to embark on the project
and what benefits he hopes to derive said: "We feel that Onitsha is a very
big commercial centre. We feel that any flight originating from Onitsha to
Lagos would be full everyday; even three times a day. What we are going in for
is just a thirty seater aircraft, of course, we have had discussions with some
of the traders in Onitsha. All the buses that move between Minna and the rest
of the Eastern Zone, terminate on Onitsha. So first, I see it as an avenue

to expose Minna and Niger State to the commercial exercise and business and we
also see it as a form to cooperation between Minna and Onitsha. [Excerpts]

{By Conrad Bosah] [Enugu DAILY STAR in English 10 Jul 86 p 1] /9274

63



SOUTH AFRICA

ECONOMIST SAYS INVESTMENT SET TO DECLINE AGAIN
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 17 Jul 86 p 22

[Text] South Africa's real gross fixed investment is set to decline for
the fifth consecutive year this year, a development which bodes ill for
the country's ability to sustain future economic growth. a

Writing in Southern Life Association's latest Economic Comment, economist
Mike Daly says a symbiotic relationship exists between investment and
growth and in South Africa the two appear to be reinforcing each other
downwards.

Another cause for concern, he says, is the degree to which the country 's
savings pool is being used to finance the replacement of capital rather
than for the financing of net new investment.

The sharp depreciation of the rand since 1981 has meant that investment to
replace existing plant and machinery which has a high import component and
is calculated at replacement cost, has risen dramatically.

"A similar trend can be noted in previous periods of weakness in the exchange
rate and this supports our regular contention that South Africa urgently
needs the rand to rise from its currently highly undervalued levels," he
says.

Turning to the state of the economy as a whole, Mr Daly says that since
the first tentative signs of recovery about nine months ago, the economy
has slipped back into recessionary conditions.

The imposition of the state of emergency with the attendant boost to the
pro-sanctions lobby could not have come at a worse time as "the fragile
state of domestic confidence has unquestionably been jarred yet again."

Although the welcome R700 million government stimulation package would have
had greater positive influence if it had been announced earlier, provided
it is spent quickly and effectively, it, together with the one percent cut
in the prime overdraft rate and another possible one percent cut soon,

will be the only boost the economy can expect from the policy side.

100



DECEMBER 1985 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AT 9.8 PERCENT

Lagos BUSINESS TINES in English 7 Jul 86 p 1

{Article by Michael Oduniyi]

[Text]

NEMPLOY-
MENT rate in the
country was 9.8 per
cent as at December

1985, according to a,

Labour Force Sample
Survey conducted last

within the framework of
the National Integrated
Survey of Households
(NISH) of the Federal
Office of Statistics,
showed that
unemployment rate in the
country i from
7.9 per cent in 1984 to 9.8
per cent in 1985.

‘The survey carried out
“twice last year (June and

4.6 per cent in 1984 to 5.2
per cent in 1985.

A total of 2,824
households

19274

cso; 3400/145

STATEBYSTATE
‘DISTRIBUTION _ OF.

-UNEMPLOYMENT :
<*> RATE 4

STATE * eben” reral

ik
Avambra [215 109
Banehi 36 «08
Beodel © 3154072
Besse == 2101 33
Bono 106, 43
Gongola 5°73 027
Cross River. “178 15.6
Imo’ 471164
Keduna B43
Keno. 4352 «13
Kwara 24.017
Legos 7545. 27
Niger 330 (07
Ogu 2 39° Ld
Ondo; 5108 = 86
Oyo! | 93 «(03
Platees 164031
Rivers 940 12
Sokoto " "61 21

41

with 21.5 per cent and’

(10.9 per cent rates
respectively.
Thie was closely

followed by Cross River
with 17.8 per cent and
15.6 per cent in the urban
and rural
respectively.
See table for the break-
down of state-by-state
distribution of
employment rates in
1985.
arrangement

‘ for the Labour Force

Survey programme were
carried out by &
committee comprising
representatives of the
Federal Office of

areas’

NIGERIA

Statistics, the National

Manpower — Secretariat
and the Ministry of

‘74 and 1976, assumed a

national programme in
1983, when 2,000
households _ nation-wide
were selected.

However, the survey is
expected to be conducted
this year on a quarterly
basis with that for the
first quarter already
conducted last March,
while preparations have
been concluded for the
second quarter scheduled
for June-ending.



U.S. FAVORITE PLACE TO EMIGRATE

SOUTH AFRICA

Cape Town WEEKEND ARGUS in English 5 Jul 86 p 2

{Article by Garner Thomson]

[Text]

/9317
cso: 3400/300

LONDON. — The United
States Embass:
has confirme
dous increase” in the num-
ber of inquiries from South
Africans anxious to flee the

deteriorating situation at!

home.

But, it says, the number ac-
tually allowed into America
will not be going up.

In an interview with BBC
Radio 4’s Today programme, a
spokesman said that as unrest
increased, the number of inqui-
Ties rose. ~

“Complicated’’
“However, many people are
naive about what is necessary
to get an immigration visa,” he
said. American requirements
were “very complicated”.
Many inquiries came from
young people with computer
skills py wanted to anew
about opportunities in the
United States. -°*

in Pretoria’
a “tremen-.

83

The spokesman “added: “We
have found that: every time
there is a significant event, like
a bomb or a cross-border in-
cursion, the number of inqui-
ties goes up.” :

Goodwilt >
Asked whether anxiety ap-
peared to be increasing among
white South Africans, the
spokesman said there were two
attitudes: “One is, it’s a lost
cause and I’m going to get out,
and the other is, there’s still
enough will, it’s my coun--

try and I’m going to stay.”

But, he added, any South Af-!
rican who continued to insist
that “nothing is happening

would have to be very blind”.
He said: “There’s no confla-
fration in the white suburbs,
wut certainly just by talking to

eu, black domestic, or meet-

ng the black professional, or
driving through a township,
ou see that there is inequity

e, and unless they find some
‘way to equalise the opportuni-
ties, there may be more trou-
ble than even we see.”



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

COOPERATION AGREEMENT WITH BULGARIA--The visit to Angola by Georgi Yordanov,
deputy chairman of the Bulgarian Council of Ministers, ended officially this
morning with the signing of a number of documents after 2 days of talks.

The Bulgarian and Angolan governments agreed to a program of economic, scien-
tific, technical, trade, and cultural cooperation to be implemented between
1986 and 1990. The accord also [words indistinct] the joint commission and
a loan accord. [Words indistinct] these government accords were signed by
Georgi Yordanov, deputy chairman of the Bulgarian Council of Ministers, for
Bulgaria, and Maria Mambo Cafe, minister of state for social and economic
affairs, on behalf of the Angolan Government. A cooperation accord between
the MPLA-Labor Party and the Bulgarian Communist Party was also signed by
Alfonso van Dunem, the MPLA-Labor Party Central Committee secretary for ex-
ternal relations, and Georgi Yordanov, the deputy chairman of the Bulgarian
Council of Ministers. [Text] [Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 1200

GMT 5 Jul 86 MB] /6662

GOVERNMENT TO DISBAND DIAMANG--The Angolan Government has decided to disband
the state-owned Diamond Mining Company, Diamang, which has been running the
country's diamond fields. The company was Angola's second largest currency
earner at the time of independence 11 years ago. Our correspondent in Lisbon
reports that successive years of accumulated deficits have Diamang beyond

any possible recovery. He said a combination of mismanagement and activities
by the UNITA movement had forced the company's downward slide. Large-scale
diamond smuggling had been another contributing factor. The MPLA government
owns 77 percent of the shares in the consortium and the De Beer's company of
South Africa also had a stake in it. The Angolan Government plans to divide
the diamond fields in the northern and central parts of the country into .
claims and allow specialized foreign companies to mine and market the dia-
monds. [Text] Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0915 GMT 4 Jul 86

BK) /6662 .

MINISTER MEETS BRAZILIAN PRESIDENT--Angolan Minister of Foreign Trade Ismael
Martins, who is currently on an official visit to Brazil, was received by
Brazilian President Jose Sarney in Brasilia yesterday, according to ADN.
Ismael Martins is carrying a message from Comrade Jose Eduardo dos Santos,
chairman of the MPLA-Labor Party and president of the People's Republic of
Angola, to the Brazilian president, Jose Sarney. According to the same
source, shortly after the audience, the Angolan foreign trade minister spoke



Sokoto Issues Edict on Islamic Preaching
(Ibrahim Salihu; NEW NIGERIAN, 3 Jul 86)..

Imo, Cross River Border Communities Continue Peace Efforts
(Isaac Ohaeri; DAILY STAR, 27 Jun 86)..........

Former PPP Leader Ikoku Comments on Military Political Role
(Ment Nomeh; DAILY STAR, 27 Jun 86)......... oe eeccccccecccene

Soldiers Warned Against Religious Sects
(DAILY TIMES, 12 Jul 86; NEW NIGERIAN, 23 Jun 86).........6.

"Lure out of Uniform'
Guru's Sect, Editorial

Role of Local Courts Criticized
(Editorial; SUNDAY TRIUMPH, 6 Jul 86).....s.cseceeseeeeceecs

Execution,’ Amputation as Methods Against Armed Robbery Discussed
(SUNDAY TIMES, 13 Jul 86; DAILY TIMES, 2 Jul 86)...

Police Chiefs Oppose Execution
Editorial on Amputation Idea

Katsina Emir Expels Prostitutes; Incidents Ensue
(NEW NIGERIAN, 3 Jul 86; SUNDAY TRIUMPH, 9 Jul 86)..........

Teenagers' Rampage, by Shitu Saude
SUNDAY TRIUMPH Editorial

December 1985 Unemployment Rate at 9.8 Percent
(Michael Oduniyi; BUSINESS TIMES, 7 Jul 86).......seeeeeeees

Plan for Farm Jobs for Laid Off Workers Praised
(DAILY TIMES, 15 Jul 86)...

Pros, Cons of Privatization Discussed
(C.0. Dureke; DAILY TIMES, 2 Jul 86) seeeeecececeeeseeeeeeees

NLC President Chiroma Discusses Exchange Tier, Wages
(Odafe Othihiwa; DAILY TIMES, 10 Jul 86)........cceeeceeeeee

Manufacturers' Association Head Discusses Second Tier Exchange
(Roseline Umesi; BUSINESS TIMES, 7 Jul 86)........seeeceeeee

LPG Production, Distribution Problems Reviewed
(Dapo Ajibola; BUSINESS TIMES, 30 Jul 86)..

Oil Policy 'Exemplary' in Face of Diversity
(Ndu Ughamadu; BUSINESS TIMES, 14 Jul 86).........eececeeece

-e-

30

31

32

33

33

35

37

37

38

39

39

39

41

42

43

45

46

48

50



Editorial on Amputation Idea

Lagos DAILY TINES in English 2 Jul 86 p 8

["DAILY TINES Opinion"]

[Text]

Abatt from the poor state of our economy, ;
feed robbery is oae prot'em -urrently be- :

setting the nation to which finding a satisfact-
r-y antidote has been very problematic. Guided
by the wisdom that a drastic problem requires a
drastic solution, a law was enacted that convict-
ed armed robl should be executed by firing

sqrad.

Bat’ ever-since the first execution in the early’ 70s
and the now almost daily liquidation of armed
robbers by our ‘law enforcement agents, the
spate of armed robbery has not abated. Clearly,

erefore, execution has proved ineffectual in
so!ving the problem of armed robbery.

It is in the light of this fact that the Niger State

* Paliee Cammissioner, Mr. Lawrence Chenbap,
suggested recently that armed robbers’ legs
and hands be amputated to “s! atize
ridicule them for life”. This suggestion is no
doubt borne out of good desire to get rid of the
armed robbery but what promise dees
amputation hold in solving the ine le pro-
blem? We would like to hold the view that it
will achieve very little.

Firstly, if capital punishment which is the ulti-
mate penalty for any crime against the state,
has failed to act as a deterrent, the probabilty is
low that amputation will do the trick. An

19274

CSO: 3400/144

38

amputated armed robber, ridiculed and disgrac-
ed, his brain intact, can simply ‘transfer his
skills to younger and experienced
“students”. .

That is not all. Amputating robbers will add, rat-
her than subtract from a list of our social ills.
Delimbed, the criminal would become handicap-

and an additional burden on the society. If

‘ he becomes a beggar, he would be a ferocious
one. And if he resolves to turn a new leaf, he
would nurse some grievances against the state
and vent his anger on the society. The state
cannot comfortably harbour such citizens.

In other words, like execution, amputation of
armed robbers would prove a mere cosmetic
solution. And at a time that robbery has reach-
ed an alarming proportion, it is no time to go for
the cosmetic antidote. Nor is it time to really
expend our energies in recommending the form
of punishment to mete out to offenders. What
we need to do now is to seek to solve the pro-
blem by attacking the root causes.

We believe there is the urgent need to vigorously

redouble our efforts at ig job opport:

ties, execution of that ould create
social justice and aredefinition of our
values which would discourage the unbridled

desire to acquire wealth. These may more
Positive solution to armed robbery” Prove



CABINET URGED TO GIVE PREFERENCE TO LOCAL GOODS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Jul 86 p 3M

[Text]

CAPE TOWN — President Botha has urged
his Cabinet to insure that all levels of

Government give preference to locally ;

manufactured products as a counter to th
sanctions threat.

A letter by President Botha to Cabinet
Ministers has been circulated to local auth-
orities by the Department of Constitutional
Development and Planning with a request
for “co-operation”.

President Botha says sanctions are “the
order of the day” and b he has called for an
“even greater effort” in giving preference
to locally manufactured products.

In the letter Mr Botha said it had always’

been the policy of the Government to give
preference to locally manufactured prod-
ucts. All Cabinet: Ministers controlling “pur-
chasing and acquisition organisations” had

been asked in 1978 to give effect to this -

policy.
“You will apppreciate that because of the

present situation of the South African ecen-:

omy, an even greater effort is now required

insofar as giving preference to locally man-

ufactured products as regards purchases

and services (is concerned),” Mr Botha said.
ENCOURAGE INDUSTRIES

He said trade sanctions were the “order

19274
cs0: 3400/329

69

SOUTH AFRICA

of the day” and that from a strategic point
.of view it was the “right thing” to support.
“and encourage local industries with "single-
minded purpose”.
i “It has (also) become absolutely impera-
tive, from the point of view of work provi-
sion, that the production capacity in the
factory system be fully utilised and, if pos-
sible, even expand

‘The benefits of capacity production were
“Obvious,.as were the “extremely harmful”
"effects of the closing of factories, the de-
‘struction of capital and “other disruptions”.
4+: Mr Botha said that despite the clear Gov-
fernment policy there were still cases of
parently unnecessary deviations”. These
were “unacceptable and indefensibl
“~“[ therefore judge it to be urgently im-
perative that note should be taken on re-
Mewal of this policy and that it should be
applied throughout all Government depart-
<ments and Government-related instances.
4; “Where work has been entrusted to pri-
ite consultants this policy, where perti-
inent, must be pointed out to them.”
t Mr Botha said that if the proposed allo-
“cation of a contract for local goods created
‘financial problems, details should be for-
‘warded to the Cabinet committee for eco-
jnomic affairs for “discussion and guid-
ance”.



Dr Motsuenyane said that by identifying with the struggle for liberation, he
did not refer only to one organisation.

“We identify with all of those involved in the struggle against the policies

of the Government. There are white people who are as concerned about the
future as we are. All such people make our approach more effective.”

/13104
cso: 3400/316

78



300157

JPRS-SSA-86-086
18 AUGUST 1986

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

REPRODUCED BY

| U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 14-
| NATIONAL TECHNICAL
| INFORMATION SERVICE
| SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 il g

AdG



SOUTH AFRICA

GOLD MINES INCREASE PROFITS IN SECOND QUARTER
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 19 Jul 86 p 10

[Article by Sven Lunsche]

[Text]

Making use of a ‘steadier rand,
gold price, South African gold
mines increased their net profits
by more than R150 million in the
quarter ending June 1986, fol- é
lowing the slump experienced
by the mines in the first quarter:
of the year, when profits

dropped by R300 million.

The gold mines, associated to
the Chamber of Mines, also ben-
efited from a sightly lower rand
exchange rate, which was down
from 46,3 US cents to an aver-
age 45 US cents for the quarter

‘ending June. .
: Analysts said that the results

were up to expectations. Some
mines, mostly those affiliated to
Rand Mines and Anglovaal, had

reverted to the hedging of their _
gold sales and this had largely ©

contributed to the improved
overall performance.

Randfontein, one of the out-
standing performers in the last
quarter, said, however, that it
will not be hedging its sales in
the forseeable future after a
somewhat unenviable track rec-
ord in this field.

TAX BILL

Net profits for the mine were
up more than 30 percent to
R76,2 million, despite a low av-
erage gold price of R22 462/kg,

-but an increase in capex en-

sured that the tax bill was re-
duced substantially.

Other outstanding results for
the period were produced by
Gencor’s Beatrix mine and
Anglo’s Western Deep.

Beatrix increased net earn-
ings by 134 percent to R12,9 mil-
lion, largely as a result of the

recovery in grade from 5,4g/t to *

104

5,7g/t and a subsequent 20 per-
cent surge in gold production.

Most mining groups have
done fairly well, although in-
creased capital expenditures
had made some inroads into the
profit figures.

Analysts pointed out how-
ever, that these substantial in-
creases, in Gencor’s case capex
surged ahead by almost 63 per-
cent, carried a number of ad-
vantages in that they are long-
term investments, and secondly,
result in substantial tax bene-

ts.

CAPEX SURGE

In the quarter ending June,
the provisions for taxation have
dropped by R138 million com- |
pared with the previous quarter,
while capex surged from

* R490 million to R590 million.

The noticeable exception in
the gold mining groups was
Gold Fields, where the fluctuat-
ing rand gold price played

“havoc with the quarterly results,

with the group recording work-

‘Sing profits well below those of

the previous quarter.

* After achieving a better-than
average gold price of
R25 000/kg in the first quarter,
GFSA dipped below the three-
month market average of about
R24 700/kg to record an overall *
R23 743/kg.

Anglovaal with R26 480 and


MALI

Two-Year Agreement Signed With USSR

(L'ESSOR, 21 May 86)....ccsseccccccccccccccrcccccccceseeseeee:

MOZAMBIQUE

Deputy Minister Ends Visit to Inhambane
(NOTICIAS, 28 Jun 86).......... eee e cece eet en nsec ens eeseeeees

Niassa Leader on Conduct of Soldiers
(NOTICIAS, 3 Jul 86).....ceeeeeeeee seme e cece e en eeneeneene oe

Pemba Water Supply To Improve
(NOTICIAS, 28 Jun 86)....sseccecsccvecesccceees eee eeeeeeees

Cabo Delgado Studies Peanut Farming
(NOTICIAS, 23 Jun 86)...ccccceccccccccccseccccssscsssceescess

Vilanculo Expects Good Manioc, Peanut Crops
(NOTICIAS, 23 Jun 86)...eeeeeeeeeecres Pete ee rece encceee eae

Briefs

Soviet Aid To Rebuild Factory
Residents of Maganja da Costa Lauded

NIGER

Government Plan To Aid Agriculture Described
(L'ESSOR, 20 May 86)...ccccccecccccccccccccccccccvnsecrcecnce

NIGERIA

Foreign Minister's Comment on Libya Praised
(Ita Akuku; NEW NIGERIAN, 1 Jul 86)......... bee eee ecees see

Parastatals Would Benefit From Higher Salaries
(DAILY STAR, 19 Jun 86)...cccecccsccccccccecccsccccscescecees

10-Year Ban on Former Politicians Discussed
(Various sources, 7, 9 Jul 86)....cesseececececccercccececere

NAP Leader Comments
Awolowo Says Not Feasible, by Sehinde Dagunduro
Politicians Criticize Ban, by Emma Ikwueze

Azikiwe Says Old, New Politicians Should Exchange Ideas
(Stan Okeke; DAILY STAR, 10 Jul 86).....ceeceecescecenceccees

Islamic Political System Proposed as Alternative
(Bala Mohammed; NEW NIGERIAN, 28 Jun 86)..

-be-

11

12

13

15

16

18

19

19

20

21

23

25
25

27

28

29


19274
cso:

3400/326

; I 85 ot
The most noticeable feature of the gold mining results for the quar-
ter ending June 1986, was a substantial R120 million increase in
capital expenditure to R590 million and the subsequent cut in taxa-
tion as a result of tax benefits for new investments. The provisions
for taxation were down from R850 million for the quarter ending .

March to R712

lion for this quarter. Net profits increased by

R150 million to R1 176 million, ..

Rand Mines with R25 805 were
the only groups to record an
above average gold price.

In the Anglovaal group all
mines reported increased
grades and a gold price above
R26 000/kg, which worked
through to strong bottom line
results, while Rand Mines
ascribed their 18 percent in-
crease in net profits to benefi-
cial gold hedging and a low in-
crease in working costs. ‘

JCI recorded the lowest gold
price at R23 678, but it seems
that the groups major mine,

105

Randfontein, will ride gold price
fluctuations until it feels it-is
time to secure a good price.

While analysts regarded the
the overall performance of Gen--
cor and Anglo American mines
as good, they said that Freegold,
the world’s largest gold-mine,
had shown disappointing finan-
cial results.

Despite an increase in gold
production, revenue from gold.
declined by’ R23,5 million: to
‘R653,3 million, ‘largely as a re-
sult of a drop in grade. from
5,1g/t to 4,9¢/t.



Awolowo Says Not Feasible

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 9 Jul 86 p 9

[Article by Sehinde Dagunduro]

[Text]

~ LEADER of the proscribed.

Unity Party of Nigeria,
(UPN), Chief Obafemi
Awolowo, (SAN), has said that
he was still hopeful of being
called upon to serve the nation.

He told newsmen in Ibadan
at the weekend, however, that

jeverything depended on those

in power ard categorically
reiterated his earlier stand-
point not to seek any elective
office anymore.

“I keep myself open to serv-+
ing country at any time if 1am
asked to. As long as [ live I
may be called upon, but I don’t
know, it all depends on.
those who are in power.
Although I am not waiting for
that but I am hoping to be call-
ed upon anytime to serve,” he
said.

He described the ten-year
ban on all political activists of
the second republic, as a step
not in the best interest of the
nation. Le

Chief Awolowo said the deci-
sion would only succeed in
violating the citizens’ fun-
damental human rights.

He said it was only normal

to allow the people on their

own volition to decide whether,

a leader is good or bad.
Commenting on the OIC, he

said the President, Major-

General Ibrahim Babangida

_ ‘still had a duty to restate in

clearer term if Nigeria had
pulled out of that body.

26

“because ‘we all know that
Nigeria was already a
member of the OIC befére the,
Shagaya panel was set up.”

Chief Awolowo said"in view
of the sensitivity of the issue
there must be a direct pro-
nouncement on it particularly
as the general interpretation of
the president’s broadcast only
points to it that all people
could continue to practise.
their own religion as Nigeria
temains a secular state.

He fe-affirmed his earlier
viewpoint on the release of
both former President Shehu
Shagari and his then Vice-
IPresident, Dr. Alex Ekwyeme
that they should not have teen
detained for so long in the first
instance without charges or
trial.

Answering further ques-
tions, Chief Awolowo said he
was not in a position to agitate
for their re-trial because “I
have no facts to do so.”


NEW RESIDENCE RULES EXCLUDE COMMUTERS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Jul 86 p 1

{Text}

19274
cso:

3400/327

Millions of commuters living in
border townships and migrant
workers in townships and mine
hostels around the country will
‘not qualify for the restoration of
their South African citizenship.

In a memorandum released
today the Department of Home,
Affairs says citizens of the four
independent homelands must
qualify for permanent residence
in South Africa, before they can’
regain their citizenship.

The memorandum spells ‘out
the qualifications and workings
of the Restoration of South Afri-
can Citizenship Act of 1986. *

Various categories of persons

will not qualify for the restora-

tion of their citizenship.

The Department of Home Af-
fairs has defined the term per-
‘manent residence — the main
qualification for regaining South
African citizenship.

A person will have permanent

residence status if he has per-'

manent employment, a suitable
home and his wife and family
live. with him in South Africa.
However if he lives in a hostel
in South Africa and his wife and
family remain in the homeland,
then his permanent home is in
the homeland.
“This applies even ‘it the per-

son has been employed or hed
at one address in South Africa
for many years. 4:

85

SOUTH AFRICA



wes 1 the true I
Porall sides to stop
por curing, iby get cqotint:
eae tee
eqpiee- une thd

sole cere and demo
fate bane. £.G. Sane

sountey and
or Kerri

wat appeal for an immediate
Cedention of violence on
Sil sides, We call for nego-

acetul and demo-
atid basi. Tony van der |

AppEaL ron
sustics

+ Bquat rights, eq
Hee. iri

educa-
Foe gute ABER
‘Jane Asher.

wes Appeal te the true igad,
Sa ail sides

ring and respor

gw fo. nenotiat
Ing, Sraste nnd neeur
ofeYor our country and
aosdted
Wa implore the total, abolt:

mr oe apartheid

implore the total abel
rtheid ang

Pets
chrie cae Marian Wal

war implore the total abolt-
lon of apartheid and t
Imedinge repeal of the

Fopulation Heguiation

and Group Area Act

Population
and Group 4!
Sarate an "Alastair Ma

‘ sent being the, pole-
eid our
ad has a proud interna:
record, we demand
solutions which will
turn Se
rleneful
bility OME

warresent being the, pols:

of thi World. ot
ind tas @ proud interna
tonal record we demand
tig fy will Te~

the itey th
with Senger are_of
‘and Gat

with the jesde:
Sroups. J-GudeV- Leach.

ie yo
Pe sonal vi

rene eco! and po-
iftieal ‘crises facing our

19274 .
cso: 3400/3321

80 :



COL KAMOUGUE PROPOSES OPPOSITION CONFERENCE
AB111730 Libreville Africa No 1 in French 1230 GMT 11 Jul 86

[Text] Colonel Kamougue, former vice president of the GUNT has begun an
African tour. He is presently in Brazzaville, Congo, to explain why he
resigned as GUNT vice president. In an exclusive interview with Africa

No 1 from Brazzaville, Col Kamougue proposed as a solution to the Chadian
crisis a comprehensive solution, through the organization of a roundtable
conference of all opposition leaders to help find a solution and make con-
crete proposals to the Ndjamena government. Listen to Kamougue's interview
granted to Ferdinand Manionga.

[Begin Kamougue recording] What I advocate is an overall solution to the
Chadian issue. That is, we must be able to organize a roundtable conference
which will enable all opposition leaders to meet the Ndjamena party in order
to identify the basic problems, find a solution to them and put an end to
the misery of the Chadian people. This will also be an occasion to propose
a mechanism that is likely to favor the development of the communities and
insure emancipation, a mechanism that will permit the integration of these
communities through a new found brotherhood, a mechanism that will take into
consideration the nature of the Chadian society. [end recording]

/12232
cso: 3400/279


NIGERIA

OIL POLICY 'EXEMPLARY' IN FACE OF DIVERSITY
Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 14 Jul 86 pp 1, 24

{Article by Ndu Ughamadu]

Petroleum Corporation
(NNPC) for its ability to
cope with ‘sophisticated
demands of today’s

[Text] uction and that of gas. “i ‘receded far into the
. However, the Firet Bank background of the distant
noted that inspite of all, ‘P28, and oil will for some
these commendable efforts, Ye#"s to come represent a
there was ‘no scenario in ‘mode of national
the next two months that’ subsistence, and no more.
offers anything resembling. .The prospect of future
‘a windfall in foreign earn- counter trade deals,
ings from oi sales”. though an option for.
‘Most analysts see.a stan revenue, will almost
"8 of] poe” dard scenario oil prices i
IGERIA’S oil po firming to between 15 and
licy in the last , 18 dollars a berrel in the
two years has been “pext. six to twelve mon-
fem tbed oe tie ta unlikely that prices
” considering that.
the country was able Till resch that cpper od of
exon quota inspite of the cea rita thle bar
the contending meeting, the Petroleum will probably be achieved in
factions in the Organi- Resources Minister and the second half of the six to
sation of Petrol REC president, Alhaji rele months forcast ”, rome of dislocation over the
Exporting Countries Rilwanu said e quantity demanded, last two years”.
(OPEC). that Nigeria would cont- for oil is likely to be low this
To this effect, the inue to pursue an agres- summer and will ther °
First Bank of Nigeria sive oil marketing poss % “OPEC. pre-
ted in its autho- policy. geure on OPEC, members
titative ‘Quaterly sats he seid would oo means « return to the
jew’ bas lauded the Nig- | e country to dilemma of assigning red-
erian National realistic market for its uced "27

irate orade od Mike Rawana further osid low in

which was poss- All i 6

ible by the oil policy. that such a marketing pol- the third quarter of the year

Surely enough, in an Bey would also encourage high production

interview with Business "re. oll exploration and I ee ations of all
Times at Brioni, Yugo- Folan sone ca fae sds ol these, the First Bank said:
slavia venue of the last hac the multiplier effect of "7%? days of cil boom have
OPEC 78th ordinary pride :

19274

cso: 3400/145

50



SOUTH AFRICA

MAWU CHALLENGES EMERGENCY; GOVERNMENT BOOKLET CITED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 9 Jul 86 p 17

[Article by Jo-Anne Collinge]

[Text]

Can the Department of Information booklet
“Talking to the ANC” be considered a “sub-
versive statement” because it might have
the effect of promoting the object of an un-
lawful organisation?

Or because it might aggravate feelings of hos-

tility within a section of the public towards the
African National Congress?
" The questions — illustrating the “wide and un-
certain net cast by the definition of ‘subversive
statement’ in the emergency regulations” —
were posed in papers before Mr Justice Didcott
in the Durban Supreme Court yesterday.

They formed part of an unprecedented chal-
lenge to the emergency regulations, brought by
the Metal and Allied Workers’ Union. it will be
argued next week before a full Bench by Johan-
ndsburg advocate, Mr Ismail Mahomed SC.

‘The union is seeking an order declaring that
the emergency regulations ceased to be of force
and effect after June 26 because of a failure by
the authorities to lay them on the tables of the
three Houses of Parliament within 14 days of the
declaration of the state of emergency.

Statement in newsletter

A lesser object is to get the court to declare as
“not subversive” a statement which the union
hopes to publish in a newsletter.

ournalists and publishers are looking to this
case for the real guidelines on where “subver-
sion” begins in the print world.

Dr Bernard Fanaroff, Mawu national organi-
ser, stated in papers before the court that the
vague definition of “subversive statement” con-

92

stricted, confused and prejudiced the union. He
gave examples of positions which Mawu wished
to publish but feared it might “offend the defini-
tion (of subversive)” by doing so.

@ Mawu remained convinced, said Mr Fanaroff,
that the policies of the present Government were
“unwise and dangerous and that it is necessary
to oppose those policies, including the policy of
apartheid, the policy of compulsory military ser-
vice and the emergency measures”,

@ The union was also convinced that as long as
the Government maintained its policies and
sought to avoid opposition to it by “draconian
laws promulgated under the state of emergency,
the unrest will continue in the country and the
state of emergency will not be terminated”,

Puzzling provision
——_—_

Dr Fanaroff said the provision declaring any
statement likely to encourage any “foreign ac-
tion” against South Africa to be “subversive”
was particularly puzzling to Mawu.

“Among the many groups in foreign countries
who oppose, criticise and act in different ways
against the policies of the present Government
are foreign trade unions,” his affidavit said.

“Mawu does not know whether, if it acts in a
way which might have the effect of causing such
a foreign union to act against the Republic by
issuing a statement of condemnation, that this
would constitute a contravention of the definition
of qubyersive statement’.”

e language of the regulation left le un-
certain. This had been compounded Dy the auth-
orities refusing to clarify the matter and that the
police, while searching Mawu offices, seized gen-


GREENS ANNOUNCE SUPPORT FOR ANC

Johannesburg THE WEEKLY MAIL in English 11-17 Jul 86 p 7

[Article by Hans Brandt]

(Text ]

/13104
cso: 3400/308

THE West German opposition party,
the Greens, came out in full support of
the ANC
Seutinemteneini at the end of a
brief fact-finding visit this week.

“The time for talks with the Botha
government is over. Other measures
will have to be taken,” said Annemarie
Bosgmann, parliamentary speaker of
this radical West German opposition
party at a press conference in
Johannesburg yesterday.

Borgmann expressed her

|

|

Borgmann also announced that the
Greens would call on their supporters
in Germany to fast on July 18, Nelson
Mandela’s birthday. They had decided
‘on this action after talking to Winnie
Mandela on Wednesday.

Speaking about a meeting with Dr
Walter Hasselkus, managing director
of BMW South Africa, Borgman
accused him of refusing a R1 000
donation to Bishop Desmond Tutu’s
scholarship fund, while donating a
fleet of cars to the Venda government.

Hasselkus later denied knowledge of
thes,

Borgmann said she had been deeply
impressed and shocked by what she
had seen and been told in South
Africa. She drew parallels with Nazi
Germany. [censored lines

as published]

SOUTH AFRICA



FORMER PPP LEADER IKOKU COMMENTS ON MILITARY POLITICAL ROLE

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 27 Jun 86 p 1

[Article by Ment Nomeh]

[Text]

HE one time Secre-
tary-General of the

proscribed People’s
Redemption Party, Mr
S.G. Ikoku, has describ-
ed as false, the impres-
sion that Nigerian armed
forces were not trained
in the art of politics.

Speaking on Wednes-
day, at a political debate
organised by the Punch
Group of Newspapers in
Enugu, Mr Ikoku said
that if training for
Politics was a pre-condi-
tion for embarking upon
politics, very few
Nigerians would be in
Politics. -

te said that although
the armed forces were
not trained for politics,
the 1979 constitution
implicitly included them
in political disc-jockey-
ing.

He said ‘sub-section
(1) (¢) gives two more

19274
CSO: 3400/144

charges to the armed
forces viz “‘suovressing
insurrection; acting in
aid of authorities to
restore order when called
upon to do so by the
President’’.

Mr Ikoku said that
since ‘suppressing
insurrection is a political

task’, the armed forces’ ,

action “‘is therefore a
politically motivated and
oriented venture’.

He also said that their
action_to aid a civic
authority to restore
order, was a political

assignment. But, he said, -

there is confusion in
answering ‘who is
responsible for the
decision that a state of
insurrection -has been
Teached or is imminent
,and who orders them.
into action?’

Mr tkoku said that the
country’s armed forces had °
been so much politicised,

32

NIGERIA

through historical evélutfon,
that the “establishment cannot
be ignored in the nation's
political equation", adding
that “doing this is at our
peril’.

He declared: “The country
now has a highly politicised
army, containing different
political perspectives and
divergent ideological
persuasion within its officers
corps; large enough and
equipped enough to bend the
national will to its own; strong
enough to operate on its own,
and no longer as a surrogate of
civil, potitical groupings’’.

(. He said that three options
were open for eradicating
' destabilization of both civil and
military political arrangements:

‘tecognition and separation

of the state and government;

‘an effective central political

authority, through the poli-

tics of shared power and

‘anew i

anatis %

Mr Ikoku said that the issue
was not whether the armed
forces should be in or outside
national - politics but’ “what
should be the political role of
the Nigerian armed forces"



19274
cso:

3400/144

and Nigerian Telecom: |
munications, Federal
Housing Authority etc.

‘The third are those to be
fully commerialised but
will continue to be fully
owned by Government
but will have"to operate
without government sub-
ventions and treasury
support. Government
Coastal Agency, Nigerian
National Shipping Line,
the Nigeria Airways and
the Nigerians Ports
Authority are within this
group. However, they will
be given financial
structure to enable them
raises capital and
generate funds.

According to the
minister the railway has
rolling stock problems
and in addition operates
with antiquated equip-
ment.

For this reason,
de

seas partners to supply it
with 60 new locomotive
engines and 200 new
wagons 100 of them
openable. Contracts had
been concluded for needed
spare parts. On the home
front contract talks had -
reached advanced stage
with Ajaokuta steel mills
for rail tracks and tools,

‘Turning td the Nigerian
Airways, Brigadier Oseni
Seid the ‘Flying Elephant’
‘was receiving government
att@Ation; more staff
would have to go and its
operations restructured.

A few days later, Presi
dent angida
announced, while opening
Lagos third electric power
station, that his

had ,
yearly subvention to
NEPA to buy spare parts.
‘That finally laid to rest

44

speculations - about
possible privatisation of
the three octopuses
NEPA, Railways
Airways.

For now we will keep
our fingers crossed until
the committee of civil :
servants, ‘whom the
Governors of Ondo State
Navy Captain Michael
Akhigbe, has blamed for
the failure of previous
governments has named”
all the parastatals to be

+ privatised and the modali- -

ties for their sales to the
public.

‘Meanwhile, we appeal
‘0 the president to heed °
the warning of the-
Governor of Kaduna
State, Lt. Colonel Umar
Abubakar. : :

‘The governor voiced out
that since our economy
was a mixed one in which
private individuals
controlled the means of
creating wealth, privatisa-
tion would be to the
governments’ disadvan-.

“In a developing nation’
like ours there is the need *
for government to protect :
the majority who are poor

said.

Casting our minds back
to the indigenisation of
foreign firms in the 70s,
many Nigerians believe
that in spite of Mr.

: Falae’s concern about how

to prevent a few people or
® geographical area from
buying up larg chunk, of
the shares, some financial
big wigs will buy up the
equity shares of the
companies - to be
privatised using their
fronts in every state to.
the detriment of the,
common man and the,
government as well. 7



“sources, should “the”
domestic

exported. .
In raising the level of
consumption to the ,
} 488,000 metric tons in
‘1991. much “would be
demanded of the
marketers, said a source
in NNPC, in Yorm of
. aggreesive marketing pro-
grammes within and
beyond the present prin-
“cipal market areas for
LPG which ‘are: Lagos,

{ Bendel, Oyo, Kaduna,
: Imo, Kano and Rivers
{ states.

. However, LPG
J marketers ‘have high-
* Lighted some constraints
‘that might" delay!
expanding LPG home
market.

19274
CSO: 3400/145

49



NLC PRESIDENT CHIROMA DISCUSSES EXCHANGE TIER, WAGES

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 10 Jul 86 pp 1, 17

[Article by Odafe Othihiwa]

[Text]

AGES and sa-

laries of wor-
kers should be adjust-
ed to keep'pace: with
the depreciation of
the naira and
escalating costs of
living.

The demand was
made by the Presi-
dent of the Nigeria
Labour Congress
(NLC), Alhaji Ali Chi-
roma in his presiden-
tial address to the
two-day National
Executive * Council
(NEC) meeting of the
congress which
began in Lagos yes-

19274
CSO: 3400/144

terday. .

Albaji Chiroma said
inetead of outright
devaluation, the naira

experienciny
“As if this” is ‘not
enough, a Second Tier

Foreign Exchange

template
naira will find ita value.”
He further added: “In
any case, our argument
is that if the naira is to:
find its level, we demand
that net wages and
salaries also find their
levels. through some
adjustment to keep pace
with depreciation.” -
The NLC also deman-

‘ded that workers should:

be allowed to return to
collective bargaining 80
as-to negotiate for their
due share of the, huge

45

or countries that éxperi-
mented this pheno-
menon and got away
with it,

He wondered why a
country with non-con-
vertible currency should
ever contempiete to

Alhaji Chiroma asked:
“Now that manufac-
turers obtain foreign
exchange at official rate
and consumers pay
twice or thrice the offi-
cial price for essential
commodities, how much
more would they pay if
manufacturers are

+, exchange in SFEM at
distorted exchange rate? -

The NLC welcomed
the statement by Presi-
dent Ibrahim Babangida
that the contributions of
lower grade of workers
towards “the economic

would be re-

Tecovery
“funded in 1987.

He, however, said the
stand of the congress
was that nothing sub-

NIGERIA

stantial could be realised
from wages and salaries

cut.

He suggested that the
deductions of all salary
earners should be refund-
ed while the government
should retain the money
realised from the deduc-
tions on rents and

i-profits.

‘Alhaji Chiroma liken-
ed the Nigerian economy
to a “malignant cancer
patient’? which had
remained unresponsive
to all treatments so far
rendered.

» He “In fact, the
situation is even getting
worse by the passage of
each day while the profi-
tability of many .com-

ad never been so

He added: “They have
retrenched workers,
their turnover is falling.
achievement of their
installed- capacity is
falling, but paraxodi-
cally their profits are
astronomically grow-
ing.”



/13104
CSO:

3400/308

ing employment.

‘The growing resistance to mov-
ing to Khayelitsha, and the unsta-
ble background of the area, result-
ed in job seekers being turned
away, she said. Employers feared
that a possible resurgence in the
violence could result in a degree
of absenteeism as workers stayed
at home to protect property or par-
ticipate in fighting.

Finding accommodation was an-
other problem. “Even now, there
are still lots of people moving
around looking for places to stay,”
she said.

Describing the school at Zolani
Centre, in Nyanga East, she said
classes ranging from pre-school to
Std 6 were taught there by between
seven and 14 teachers. .

“The number varies. The schoo!
has a roll of some 391 pupils, but
this also fluctuates,” she said.

@Emergency regulations pre-
vented the Cape Times visiting
Crossroads, KTC or Nyanga to re-
port at first hand on the events
described in this report.

74



SOUTH AFRICA

17 MILLION BLACKS ARRESTED UNDER PASS LAWS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Jul 86 p 6

[Article by Estelle Trengove]

[Text]

19274
cso:

No less than than 17,12 million blacks
were arrested for pass law offences

over a period of 65 years, a Govern- -

ment official has said, conceding that
these laws brought the whole South
African legal system into discredit.- '

The chief director of the legal ad-
ministration of the Department of Con-
stitutional Development and Planning,
Dr JC Bekker, admitted that the pass
laws had been discriminatory. They
were repealed earlier this year.

CONTROVERSIAL ~
Dr Bekker spoke about the contro-

* yersial law in an interview with the

journal of the Association of Law So-
cieties, De Rebus. i

Between 1916 and 1981, at least
17,12 million people were prosecuted
for pass law offences. Many had had no
legal representation in court, he said.

“Apart from the fact that these laws
were discriminatory, they were en-
forced by a special court system, the

* commissioner's courts, until, August 31,

1984,” he said.

3400/327

84

Turning to the scrapping of influx
control, Dr Bekker said this meant that
in future, the housing of workers would
be regarded as “a private matter”.

‘The Black Labour Act had also been
repealed, since it had been a close ally
in enforcing influx control. All man-
power matters would, in future, be
dealt with by the Department of Man-
power on a non-racial basis.

Asked why 15 of the 19 sections of
the Abolition of Influx Control Act had
been incorporated in the Prevention of
Illegal Squatting Act as amendments,
Dr Bekker explained that the Act had
had to be amended to give effect to the
Government’s intention of making con-
trolled squatting possible.

He said.the Government had used
the opportunity to make the Act non-
racial. .

- The Government also used the op-

portunity to make a “few minor im-
provements”, for example fines which
could be imposed under the Act had
been increased to bring them in line
with the present value of money, he
said.



KATSINA EMIR EXPELS PROSTITUTES; INCIDENTS ENSUE

Teenagers’ Rampage

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 3 Jul 86 pp 1, 3

[Article by Shitu Saude]

[Excerpt]

THIRTY teenagers were ar-
rested last Thursday by the
police in Katsina following a
riot which left several women
allegéd to be prostitutes
seriously injured.

‘The ‘rioters struck barely a
day after the Emir of Katsina,
Alhaji Muhammadu Kabir
Usman, had announces the ex-
pulsion of prostitutes from the
town and restriction of taking
alcoholic drinks over the state
radio station in Katsina and
the public address van of the
local government information

office.

The emir, in the announce-
ment on Wednesday, gave all
prostitutes in the city seven
days from the day of the an-
nouncement to quit.

Alhaji Muhammadu and
other citizens in the town had
viewed that the lack of rainfall
in the area was caused by the
deviation of the populace from
the path of Allah and the con-
tinued operation of brothels in

town.
He advised all females who
were indigenes of the town but

practised prostitution to go.

SUNDAY TRIUMPH Editorial

Kano SUNDAY TRIUMPH in English 9 Jul 86 p 1

{Editorial]

[Text]

WE are dismayed by the news of

back to their homes and get
married, while the rest should
leave for their home towns, for
anew decent life acceptableto
their religion.

It was after the announce-
ment that some persons most-
ly teenagers went on rampage

maging and looting hotels’

rty.

ey damaged property at
Kings Hotel, New City Hotel,
People’s Palace Hotel and Ci-

: ty Garden Hotel.

reported

attack on alleged prostitutes in Katsina,
Kaduna State by some teenage mobsters
with puritanic claims. .

The rampage staged on claims of appeas-

Ing God to release the rains hi
women claimed to be prostitut

loft several
seriously

injured while the police have arrested 30 of
the gangsters.

Let us make our position clear that we are
In no way endorsing the ominous profession

39

NIGERIA



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

IRISH BANK PULLS OUT~-Dublin--The Bank of Ireland group, the second largest
in Ireland, is to end all financial involvement with South African companies.
The bank's governor, Dr Louden Ryan, said at the group's annual meeting that
its policy for some time had been not to renew long-term financial commit-
ments in South Africa and to refuse to take on additional business. He
told shareholders the bank had an outstanding liability in South Africa
totalling R36-million and sdid there was no question of writing off these
loans. "We have sold services there and we want payment," he said. The
loans of R36-million were a minute proportion of the bank's advances and to
write them off would confer a "positive benefit on the South Africans."
[Text] [Cape Town WEEKEND ARGUS in English 5 Jul 86 p 7] /9317

MAIZE EXPORT FIGURES--The general manager of the Maize Board, Dr Hennie Davel,
says South Africa is expected to export 2.2-million tons of yellow maize this
year. Dr Davel was commenting in Pretoria on the latest crop estimate of
7.75-million tons by the Department of Agricultural Economics and Water
Supply. He said 64 percent of the crop had already been harvested and pro-
duction of white maize was relatively low this year as a result of the drought
in the western areas of the country. In the predominantly yellow maize pro-
ducing eastern parts, crops are reported to be good. Dr Davel said it was

to the country's advantage to export yellow maize because it was planted near
the coast and because world demand for yellow maize was greater and the price
higher - Sapa. [Text] [Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 19 Jul 86 p 9]
16539

CSO: 3400/326

109



JPRS-SSA-86-086
18 AUGUST 1986

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS

ANGOLA

Dos Santos Congratulates Kampuchean Leader
(Luanda Domestic Service, 17 Jul 86).....cceeeeeccceccceeees

MPLA Party Official on Threats, Oil Price Drop
(Luanda Domestic Service, 11 Jul 86)... ..ccscccccccccecccceves

Briefs
Cooperation Agreement With Bulgaria
Government To Disband Diamang
Minister Meets Brazilian President
Minister Addresses Rally
BOTSWANA

First Iraqi Ambassador Presents Credentials
(Gaborone Domestic Service, 10 Jul 86)..

Briefs
Minister on Effect of Sanctions
CHAD
Col Kamougue Proposes Opposition Conference
(Libreville Africa No 1, 11 Jul 86)..
LESOTHO

Military Council Approves 1986-87 Budget .
(Maseru Domestic Service, 9 Jul 86)...ssecceeescecccecceseecs

-a-

UEP Ee



DISPOSABLE INCOME DROPS ONE PERCENT PER YEAR

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 22 Jul 86 p 19

{Article by Stan Kennedy]

(Text ]

Taking into account inflation and
a population increase of 2,5 per-
cent a year, real disposable in-
come per.capita has dropped by
one percent a year over the past
six years — and that is without
GST, which has shot up by 36 per-
cent a year during this period.
Consumers are still burdened
with obligations incurred earlier
and which must be redeemed now,
while their real income is shrink-
ing. The weaker financial position
of consumers and their inability to
discharge obligations is leading to
a sharp increase in summonses
and judgments for debt since 1981. -
For many,. bankruptcy is inevita-

ble.

In its July Economic Survey,
Sanlam says the factors contribut-
ing to the decline in spending in
the first quarter of the year in-,
clude a general lack of consumer
confidence, only modest increases
in wages, high unemployment, ex-
ceptionally high inflation, the in-
creasing tax burden and organised
consumer boycotts. -

Political instability

Others are a strong rise in Gov-
ernment spending, a sharp decline
in real fixed investment by the
ublic and private sectors and a
ther depletion of inventories.

“It is against this background in
the first quarter, and the signs that
real economic activity most prob-
ably declined further in the second
quarter, that additional stimula-
tion has become extremely urgent.

102

“We consider that further fiscal
stimulatory measures, more re-
ductions in short-term interest
rates, a stronger rand and more
stable socio-political conditions
are necessary to get the economy
going again.”

Saniam questions whether South
Africans, in the midst of the cur-
rent political ‘instability, have the
economic determination to ward
off the sanctions onslaught.

“It goes without saying, that a
general improvement in business
and consumer confidence is a pre-
requisite for a sustained upswing.

“Considering the daunting prob-
lems facing the country, a contin-
ued high economic growth rate is
all the more necessary now. Pri-
vate consumption expenditure rep-
resents between 50 and 60 percent
of the total domestic expenditure
on goods and services and is an
important incentive to growth.”

To absorb all the new job-seek-
ers, an average economic growth
rate of about 4,5 percent a year is
necessary — more than double the

~rate South Africa has been able to

attain since 1980. Unofficial esti-
mates are that up to two million
workers, or 18 percent of the avail-
able labour force, are either out of

+ work or not fully employed.

The surplus on the foreign trade
account rose steeply in May, bring-
ing the total surplus for the first
five months of the year to just over
R4,9 billion. This compares with
the R4,4 billion surplus for the
same period last year. .

However, Saniam estimates that

SOUTH AFRICA



lubricating oils which the country needs for the manufacture of asphalt,
brake fluids, waxes and sulphur. At Kaduna Refinery the expansion project
was drawn up by indigenous engineers but it will be erected by the Chiyoda
Chemical Engineering and Construction Company who puilt the refinery. It

is expected to be ready by November. The two projects will cost about 4300
million. [Text] [By Lola Ibironke] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 16 Jul 86

p 3] /9274

AIR FORCE ANTISMUGGLING MEASURES--The Rivers State Governor, Police Commis- .
sioner Fidelis Oyakhilome, has stressed the need to strengthen the Air Force

to enable it carry out regular air patrols, particularly in the border areas

of the country, to check smuggling and other illegal activities detrimental to .
the economy of the nation. Speaking in Port Harcourt when the Air Officer

Inspections, Air Commodore Bayo Lawal, paid him a courtesy visit at Government

House, Mr Oyakhilome noted that despite the combined efforts of the law en-

forcement agencies, smuggling was still going on in different parts of the

country. He said that the seizures at the various ports had confirmed that

smuggling was still being carried out, and suggested that proceeds from the

sale of seized goods should be used in the maintenance of aircraft and vessels

involved in patrol operations. Responding, Air Commodore Lawal said that the

Air Force had acquired some aircraft to check smuggling in the country and

that details were still being worked out for joint operations between the Air

Force and the Army. Air Commodore Lawal said that the Aircraft which were

based in Benin would operate along the coastal areas up to Calabar estuary.

[Text] [Enugu DAILY STAR in English 8 Jun 86 p 10] /9274

ROAD CONTRACT AWARDS~-The Federal Military Government has awarded contracts

worth about N-45 million for the rehabilitation of roads in 18 states of the

federation. They are expected to be completed by December 31, this year.

This was announced by the Minister of Works and Housing, Alhaji Abubakar

Umar, in Lagos. A breakdown of the awards revealed that Imo State was allo-

cated the highest amount of N3,399.625, for the Bende-Ohafiar Road, Ohafia-

Arochukwu Road and the Umuahia-Cross River State Border. Kwara State re-

ceived N3,324,120, for the Igbeti-Kishi-Kaiama Road, Wawa-Kainyi Road and

bridges on the Ilorin-Igheti Road, Ondo State was allocated 43,196,010 for

the Ado Ekiti-Iddo Omuaran Road and the Ado Ekiti-Ikare-Bendel State Border.

Others include Cross River State, Gongola State, Kaduna State and Sokoto State

which received about N2.9 million each. Kano State was allocated about 42.5

million, while Bendel and Borno States each received about 42.6 million.

Bauchi and Plateau States were allocated about N2.4 million each, while Oyo .
State, Ogun State and Anambra State received about N2.3 million, N2.2 million

and N2.1 million respectively. Rivers State recieved about N1.3 million while

N1,1 million was allocated to Niger State. The lowest amount of N399,525 went .
to Benue State. [Text] [Enugu DAILY STAR in English 8 Jul 86 p 6] /9274

ANAMBRA FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM--The Anambra State Ministry of Health has em-
barked upon the development of a plan for family planning as a preventive
measure and as part of the primary health care effort. This programme when
fully developed is meant to blend with other maternal and child health ser-
vices such as immunization, Oral Rehydration Therapy, breast feeding support
and nutrition, improvement of ante-natal, delivery and post-partum care. This

62



NIGERIA

LPG PRODUCTION, DISTRIBUTION PROBLEMS REVIEWED -

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 30 Jul 86 p 1

{Article by Dapo Ajibola]

reas [owaeet [oem
(Text ] a
oe _ “1906 ‘17900/39400 16920 seneee

BE ae Py sages that about 4.060. ser | Tasers | aston | eee
fied Petroleum Gas . imported monthly to. ises azeee/ise0e" 16320 Laeeeers
(LPG) in the country is nement Lal produc: ison | _tevee/nieees | 15238 Taeeeeee
to be increased to Tisse | aaweeriseees | _aente | _tovewers
488,000 metric tons in ‘ However, the devon ont | ~ teeserazeees | isco | eee

1991 from the present ..
66,298 tonnes level
produced in 1986.
Though the combined.
designed capacities for
the three refineries in the
country is presently

after mecting the requirements of retcochenical Mase

“= AP the Macon Galt comes.on stream a8 from -.1icd
quater 1087. ,

(1) Sa the entaciog Port mrcourt’ netioncy.

‘Apcarions su svoues councreiss oP Ure riuuins rulers”

188,000 metric tons per woes | tome carci? (wo
year, production was . 67
down to the 1985 figure s om
duq to maintenance 2 “a
shutdowns which 2 a6
characterised the 2 a
fadustry, 2 Me
Meanwhile, estimated : Q
national consumption of a as
gas is about 84,000 metric 2 +" as
tons per year, compared a ”
with production, this ” aay
leaves a shortfall of
27,700 metric tons which © tons. This unit is expec- -
the Nigerian National” i: ted on stream in 1987 and
Petroleum _ Corporation : from’ the new Port Har-
(NNPC) has been inaking -—-~ ‘*tTaints and also increase.. © court Refinery (coming on
good through importe- the overall capacity of the “stream” in 1988) is -
tion.

refinery by 25 per cent. expected about. 64,000
For example, according aoe a ey

to investigation, the ‘The Kaduna Refinery is
importation programme to take a Merox unit
of the corporation envi’ which will raise LPG pro-
duction from - 60,000
metric tons to 150,000

‘ about 512,000 tons.
According to NNPC

48



19274
CSO: 3400/326

waves of black unrest, threats of sanctions, the imposition of a state
of emergency.:? - . . roe
Dr Azar Jammine of Econometrix told me: “The blame cannot
all be thrust on the political mess and overseas disinvestment
pressures. Much of the blame must also be carried by the Govern-

* ment over its repeated mismanagement of monetary and domestic

economic policies. :

“True, investment patterns depend heavily on political events and
their impact on levels of business confidence. That is the negative
influence im everyone’s mind at the moment and hitting the newspa-
per headlines."'. . .

“But there has been a sustained shrinkage in new fixed invest-
ment that started long before the current political rumpus — and
the reasons can be found in the profound disappointment in the

" economic policies followed by.the authorities for several years now.

“There were warning signals, largely unnoticed or else ignored,
when economic growth slowed to an annual 3,7 percent in the 1970s.

“It's true that much of the decline in confidence is related to
politics. However, there are also fundamental economic factors
which have increased the reluctance of foreigners to invest here.”

How and when did the wheels come off?

Dr Jammine suspects that investors first heard the rattle in the
wheels when South Africa was lulled into deafness about the clatter
of repeated failures of Budgets to stay on target year after year
from the 1970s onwards.

“It started in the 1970s when the gold price took off — and Gov-
ernment spending increased so fast it deprived the private sector
of any chance to exploit the boom,” he reflects. .

“When the gold boom reached its peak around 1980, the increased
revenue was squandered in the creation of a credit explosion —
popular with the general public at the time by causing a short-lived
bonanza that resulted only in still higher inflation and terrible debt
hangovers for everyone. t

“Several manufacturers take the attitude that there will be room
for more recruitment when they start filling up on existing produc-
tion capacities as and when any real economic revival begins. . |

“But that makes no allowance for essential modernisation
schemes, brand-new high technology industries and the totally new
business ventures that will be vital to longer term solutions to
economic problems.

“We need to look at the far horizons — now.”

97



ling his action
us." On his own
part. Ambassador Olu
Adesola now the Executive
Director of the Nigerian Con-
servation Foundation told
Akinyemi thus: “Nigeria's
foreign policy under your
ministry is quite sound. I
salute your courage. and hope
Nigerians will sooner or later.
appreciate i
A powerful state like
Nigeria, playing a leading role
in Africa and the world cannot
continue to be stampeded by
countries that have nothing
for Africa. but war an
destabilisation. Gaddafi's ac-
tions have been unilateral
the case with all dictators. He
fas arrogated to himself the
role of the policeman of
Africa. Who did Libya consult
before tearing Chad into

idafi has no ulterior
motive in Chad why did he not
as well honour the agreement
reached with France to
withdraw all foreign troops
from that war-torn country?
Who did Gaddafi consult
before making. reckless _ul-
terances of avid determina-
1a eliminate some world
leaders like President Ronald
Reagan, Mobutu Sese Seko
ete.” Who did he consult

19274

cso:

3400/144

before vowing to fight chris-
tian religion, which according
to him forced on the peo-
ple of Africa? He is quoted as
saying in Rwanda that “Chri
tians are intruders in Africa.
Itis a religion of the Jews. The.
evil activities of christian mis-

- Sonaries must be combat.

We now see why christian
south of Chad must be con-
guered and his “Africa

igeous Islamic religion’
stalled.

But Gaddafi having failed in
Chad due to the French
presence, had no‘alternatively

ut to set a stage for the two
super powers-America anc
the Soviet Union to clash
through his arrogant and pro-
vocative actions. Africa has
given him an unflinching sup-
port and thus crowned him the
Pharoah of Africa.” His coun-
try now goes with the new
name ‘Great Socialist
People’s Libya Arab
Jamahi “to fit his new
status. Why not!

With the new powers and
position, Gaddafi has man-
dated his (terrorists to attack
and destroy American, British
and Israel interests anywhere
in the world

Who is this Libya that Africa
cannot boldly caution? Gad-
dafi has made it impossible
for peace to return to the Mid-
de Fast. He accepted making.
it impossible for tran and
America to reach an amicable
solution in the American

22

-Boug!

whostage crisis. ile accepted
being responsible for the
assasination of Fgyptian
President Anwar Sadal. Hi
aut to see the overthrow of the
Tunisian President — Habils
1 and Saddam Hus-
sain of Iraq, These are only a

Well, one can be sure where
Gaddafi is leading the world
to. Africa crowed him and it is
Africa that must remove the
crown if a third world war is to
be avoided. Now that the long
yearned for Russian war ships:
have docked in his waters.
Gaddafi has sworn not to
make peace with America (as
against his former plea for
talks with US) and has inten-
sified his call for all-out ter-
nrists attacks on European
interest .

Reagan has made it clear
that if necessary he is going t
attack Libya again.
pean Community
to combat terrorism should
give us {cod for thought.
America is not alone as some
of us are thinking. The Rus-
sians will not fold their arm:
teh their ideaological
ary ally who is soon
fo become a member of the
WARSAW Pact suffer another
US attack.

When two giants fight. it is
the grass that suffers. Africa
can tion Gaddafi now for
continued stereotype support
may be our doom.



MOZAMBIQUE

VILANCULO EXPECTS GOOD MANIOC, PEANUT CROPS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Jun 86 p 2

[Text] After several years of punishing drought, Vilanculo District expects
better results in this agricultural year because of the regular rainfall.
Throughout the district, 86,400 hectares have been planted in corn, “mapira,"
plum trees, manioc and peanuts.

According to Ricardo Carre, administrator of Vilanculo, in the current campaign,
each family has planted two hectares in manioc, which is quite significant,
since this product was only recently introduced in the region and hence is

not part of the usual diet of the inhabitants.

Carre added that the peanut crop, which has already been harvested, was the
best in the last 10 years; contributing to this success, in addition to the
regular rainfall, was the fact that the seed was received in good time.

The administrator of Vilanculo said that, with regard to the cotton crop, the
land has already been parceled out in accordance with the guideline: "a nectare
for every family"; the people have already tilled the land and are awaiting
the arrival of the seed to plant the cotton.

Regarding the resettlement of the people in communal villages, Carre reported
that there are 10 rural communities in Vilanculo and also 6 gathering centers
where the conditions are being created to turn them into centers for collective
living and production. Most of the population from ‘the locales of Mapinhane
and Belane is now living in commmal villages...

It is known that the inhabitants of these communal villages have received seed
and tools for subsistence farming. Ricardo Carre said there was no problem
with a shortage of farm implements in this agricultural campaign, because the
FEC had provided significant quantities of these materials.

Moreover, water wells are now being drilled in the various regions of Vilanculo,
with the assistance of the EEC, which has provided drilling equipment and manual
pumps. However, the water shortage is still being felt in areas where the
water table is at a great depth, because there is no equipment capable of drill-
ing wells in these areas, particularly in Chitetemane, Chipanzene, Cheline,
Murure, Mavandza and Manuvalate..

6362
CAO: 3442/257
18



"The rest is up to the consumer," he says. "But the hope for increase in
real private consumption of two percent for this year will not be achieved."

The surplus on the current account is also likely to fall R1 000 million
short of the expected R6 000 million mainly as a result of the sanctions
campaign, spoiling what would otherwise be a good trading year.

Inflation too is unlikely to drop as much as was originally estimated
earlier this year.

Mr Daly points out that price increases at the producer level are still
running in the 20 percent range. This, coupled with the drop in the value
of the rand would result in the average inflation rate for 1986 being in
the region of 18 percent.

/9317
CSO: 3400/299

101



SOKOTO ISSUES EDICT ON ISLAMIC PREACHING:

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 3 Jul 86 p 16

[Article by Ibrahim Salihu]

{Text ]

19274
cso:

ANY person who con-
travened a new edict on
{slamic religious preaching
and the setting up of Juma’at
Mosgue in Sokoto State
would be fined 1,000 Naira,
‘or go to jail for three months
or both, as a first offender.

The second contravention
of the edict would earn the of-
fender a 2,000 Naira fine or
‘one year’s jail term or both,
Commissioner for Health, now
looking after affairs in the
Ministry of Information,
Youth, Sports and Culture Ha-
jiya Fatima Balarabe Ibrahim
told newsmen in Sokoto on
Tuesday.

She said in addition to the
above, “the courts may issue an
order suspending the licerce or
permit of the convict of the first
offender and may” revoke the
licence or permit in the case of a
second offence.”

She said “from this day any
community or any organisation
wishing to establish a Juma'at
mosque shall apply for registra-
tion through the local govern:

3400/145

- ment committees.”

She said a religious preaching
board has been set up comprising
a chairman, a Malam from
Sokoto Emirate Council, three
from Gwandu Emirate Council,
two each from Argungu, Yawuri
and Zuru emirate councils.

She said the board would also
include, “four other persons of
proven integrity.” It would
among other things recommend
to the emirate council the
establishment of Juma’at mos-~
ques, the suspension or cancella-

tion of mosques, registration of .

certificates and advise emirate

councils and government on mat-

ters affecting Koranic schools.
Other functions of_ the board:

30

NIGERIA

were to determine and regulate
qualifications required from any
person intending to Be a religious
preacher or Koranic commen-
tator, conduct exams and set
standards for any person wishing
to perform those functions, com-
pile and approve religious poetry
‘or .songs permitted in mosques
and pub ic places and ae
anything necessary in carryi

out the provisions of the edict. ne


RAILWAY CORPORATION SCORES GAINS DESPITE. PROBLENS

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 14 Jul 86 p 3

{Article by Michael Oduniyi]

[Text]

19274
cso:

3400/145

HE Nigerian Rail-
way Corporation
(NRC) revenue for the
first quarter of 1986 inc-
eased by 5.2 per cent
over that of the last

Business Times invep-
‘tigation showed that
while <he corporation’s

quarter (October-Decem-
ber) in- 1985 was N14.5

ration.

Howeyer, while total
number of passengers
carried by NRC increa-
sed from-2.53 million to

54

2.71 million passengers

for the or 6.8 cent in-
crease the total tonnages of

carried dropped
by 3.4 per cent where a
total of .27 million
tonnes of goods was car-
ried for the first quarter

to in 1986 as against .26

was due to inadequacy of
locomotives, rolling stock
(coaches and wagons) and
decrease .in over-all traffic
speeds over sections of rail-
track that are over due for
replacement and reballas-
ting which affected turn-
round of locomotives.

The Nigerian Railway
“Corporation only last week,
announced new fares for its:

services, © 3 85
The new fares, which

received Federal Govern-
ment blessings: last May
and effective since last
week, is expected to
imerease the corporation's
turn-over for the next quar-
ter by 30 per cent.

NIGERIA


MINING,

COMMUNICATIONS SECTORS STRONG

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 22 Jul 86 p il

[Article by Sheryl Raine]

[Text]

19274
csor

3400/326

‘The mining and ‘Communication sectors were the only!
bright spots in an otherwise depressed job market in the;

four-month period from February to May this year.
Figures compiled by Central, Statistical’ Services in
Pretoria showed that the promised economic upturn had
failed to appear by May.
In the four-month period under review there was a:
5 886 increase in the number of jobs available but, of the
six employment sectors surveyed, improvements oc-
curred predominantly in the mining and quarrying sec-
tor, and to a limited extent in the communication sector.
“HARDEST HIT” :
‘The transport industry was the hardest hit, losing 3215
jobs. In this sector whites were the biggest losers when}
1668, Jobs: fell away, followed by: blacks ;who. lost 1568;
jobs.
The construction sector lost 2600 jobs with blacks by’

“far the worst affected. Black jobs accounted for 1 600 of

“those lost; whites lost 400 jobs.

“The electricity sector recorded a loss of | 1 000 jobs mith.
whites and blacks being equally bard hit." .

In the manufacturing sector 1200 whites and 500 Col’
oureds lost their jobs, but there was some good news
from this sector of the economy — Blacks gained 1500
Jobs and Indians 600. . ‘

108

SOUTH AFRICA


UNREST GREATEST IN SOWETO, EASTERN CAPE ,

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 25 Jul 86 p 5

[Text]

19274
CSO: 3400/328

A BREAKDOWN oi
comprehensive statistics
‘on unrest in Black areas
pinpoints Soweto and
the Eastern Cape as the
most trouble-torn areas
— with nearly 50 per-
cent of all incidents oc:
curring in them.

Up to the end of the
fifth week of the state of
emergency, 13 Blacks
were killed by Blacks in
Soweto and four by se-
curity forces. Four
people were injured fol-

lowing security forces

action and eight in
Black on Black viol-
ence.

Tt was in Soweto that
15,4 percent of all un-
rest incidents country-

wide occurred and 28,6 ¢

percent of the total
damage caused in unrest
was done there.

In the Eastern Cape,
in the same period, 15
people died in Black on
Black violence and nine
were killed by the secur-

* ity forces. Ninteen per-

cent of.unrest incidents
occurred there and 20
percent of ail damage.
‘Comparatively, — fig-
ures for other areas dur-
ing the first five weeks

"of the state of emergen-

cy were:
Alexandra Township

{ — No Black on Black

dead, three killed by se-
curity forces, no, Black

on Black injuries, one:

by security forces, 0,7
percent. of the total
number of incidents, 0,-
01 percent of the dam-
age nationwide.
‘Mamelodi (Pretoria)
—No Black on Black or
security forces dead, no
injuries, 14 percent of
total incidents, 2,4 per-

* cent of the damage.

Atteridgeville  (Pre-
toria) — No deaths, no
injuries, 0,2 percent‘of
the incidents and 0,01
percent of the damage,

72

KwaNdebele — 32
Black on Black deaths.
no security forces
deaths, eight injured in
Black on Black viol-
ence; seven by security
forces, 7,8 percent of in-
cidents and 11 percent
of damage.

Port Natal (Durban)
— Nine Black on Black
deaths, one security
forces death, 76 Black
on Black injured and

dents and-8,9 percent of
the damage.

Western Cape — 13
Black on Black deaths.
‘one by security forces.
Four Black on Black in-
jured, three by security
forces, 6 percent of total
incidents and 1 percent
of the damage. i

Soshangueve (North-
west of Pretoria) — One
death in security force
action, no injuries,

SOUTH AFRICA



newspapers were poorly paid and remunerated which does not reflect the work
they do.

The work of the journalist is never done until the newspaper is printed and
whereas the civil servant watches religiously the wall clock to go home after
3:30 in the afternoon, the journalist works virtually round the clock working
through the public holidays, including, Saturdays and Sundays.

Against this background, the Federal Military Government should treat the con-
troversial issue of privatisation with caution. Privatisation in the Nigerian
context can only become another gold mine for the wealth Nigerians. and million-
aires who are only interested in expanding their financial empires.

Privatisation would widen the gap between the rich and the poor. It would
worsen the unemployment crisis. It would mean job insecurity for workers.

What the governmerit should do is to eliminate the causes of failures of these
companies which include poor salary structures and appoint competent hands and
qualified people to run them.

19274
cso: 3400/144

24



DET Authorities Deny Closing

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 21 Jul 86 p 1

(Text ]

19274
cso:

3400/327

There was no immediate inten-
tion to close trouble-torn schools
throughout the country, a De-
partment of Education and
Training (DET) spokesman said
today.

Mr Peter Mundell, public re-

lations officer of the DET, said ‘

reporters of a Johannesburg
morning newspaper went a “bit
too far” on the story about a

threat to close the trouble-torn”

schools for the year.

The matter would be taken up
with the newspaper, he said.

Mr Mundell said the situation
at schools in Pretoria since the
re-opening had been encourag-
ing. It returned to normal by the
end of the week, he said.

90

In its article, the paper quot,
ed its sources as saying the de-
partment had set Thursday as
the deadline, apparently to
carry out its alleged threat.

Threats allegedly. made in-
cluded the closure of schools,
dismissal of unqualified teach-
ers at a day’s notice, transfer of
some teachers to safe schools in
the homelands and the sending
of other teachers to attend “en-
richment” courses.

The paper also quoted Dr
Gerrit Viljoen, Minister of Edu-
cation and Training, when he
told the annual congress of the
Afrikaanse Studentebond in Pot-
chefstroom last week that black
schools where trouble continued
would be closed. .


of the steps made by Brazil in its foreign policy and expressed satisfac-
tion with the existing relations between the two countries. Ismael Martins
disclosed that Brazil has opened three lines of credit to Angola, including
one for $280 million for the Catanga hydroelectric complex. He also spoke
of an agreement between the Angolan Government and a Brazilian enterprises,
(Enjaza), for the sale of trucks. Ismael Martins, who is expected to leave
Brazil next weekend, also said that an embassy of the People's Republic of
Angola would be established in Brazil soon. [Text] [Luanda Domestic Ser-
vice in Portuguese 1900 GMT 15 Jul 86 MB] /6662

MINISTER ADDRESSES RALLY--Kundi Paihama, the minister of state for inspec-
tion and control, presided over a rally in Benguela yesterday to enlighten
the people on the country's present financial situation caused by the drastic
fall in oil prices on the international market. On the occasion, the minister
pointed out that South African acts of aggression and armed bandit activi-
ties, as well as the fall in oil prices, are part of an imperialist strategy
to destabilize the ongoing process in the People's Republic of Angola.
Consequently, he recalled the needto observe the principle of carrying on
with the war for the defense of the economy and building an economy that
will support the war. The minister of state for inspection and control said
that increase in production was the only way to counterbalance the Angolan
economy in view of the fall in oil prices. At present, it is of paramount
importance to reinforce control and increase the political awareness of

every worker and to fulfill this objective there is a need to strengthen the
party leading role in various enterprises through labor committees. [Text]
[Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 0500 GMT 21 Jul 86 MB] /6662

CsO: 3400/307



CROSSROADS REFUGEES'

Cape Town CAPE TIMES in English 7 Jul 86 p 7

{Article by Andrew Donaldson]

(Text ]

THE long-term future and the
prospect of stability for the thou-
sands left homeless by the vio-
lence at Crossroads and its satel-
lite camps are bleak and
uncertain.

The establishment of a school at
Zolani Centre by a group of teach-
ers from devastated schools at
Nyanga Bush and KTC served as
an indication of the need for reha-
bilitation into an orderly commun-
ity existence.

But, as relief agency representa-
tives pointed out last week, a “re-
turn to normal life” for the 70 000-
odd homeless will remain remote
until the morale of the refugees
has been restored and they have
been assured of shelter, food and
security.

The warden of Shawco, Mr Derek
Livesay, said the absence of secur-
ity was the biggest obstacle to any
long-term rehabilitation projects.

While Shawco usually ran an ex-
tensive series of “redevelopment
projects”, providing basic health
and social services in the area, this
had been disrupted by the vio-
lence there. a

“We'd like to get those services
back to normal, but this can only
be done once people have been
rehoused somewhere permanent-
ly,” he said.

While recent developments,
such as the establishment of the
Zolani school, carpentry cuurses
and requests by refugees for first-
aid and other health instruction,
were welcome, they were not
“long-term solutions”, he said.

“The main anxiety and crisis is
in finding homes.”

Relief worker Mr Steve Jacobs
agreed. “The refugees’ future is
bleak, uncertain. There’s a sense

73

“ SOUTH AFRICA

PROSPECT OF STABILITY TERMED BLEAK

of despondency. They're unstable
and their chief concern i
alive,”.he said. is staying

This was still — after seven
weeks — a “major problem” for
relief workers, he said.

Before their homes were razed
and their possessions destroyed,

ie squatter camps’ communi
networks provided them with shel.
ter and security. With the violence,
these had been removed, and it
was now up to relief agencies to
Provide them.

“Our role should only be tempo-
rary, but with the continued insta-
bility it remains a long-term preoc-
cupation,” Mr Jacobs said.

Refugees were still in a state of
shock and disorientation, he add-
ed, although this applied more to
the men than the women.

“Women-have still been able to
function in the relief centres with
activities like cooking and child-
care. They can still be productive
in ways that the men cannot be,”
he said.

He said it had been extremely
tough for those men who were un-
employed to get jobs, mainly be-
cause in the formal sector, the re-
cession had cut back the number
of jobs available, while in the in-
formal sector, which previously
Provided: work for many of the
squatters, their entire site of work
— the squatter camps — had been
destroyed.

“And thirdly,” as one of the men
said, “how can I go out and look for
a job because when I come back
my family may not be here any

imore.”

A St John Ambulance relief
worker identified some of the
other problems facing the men —
particularly their difficulty find-



SOUTH AFRICA

CLASSIFIED ADS PERMIT PUBLICATION OF ANTI-APARTHEID STATEMENTS

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Jul "86 pil, cll

[Text]

A group of concerned citizens who
were so concerned about the state of
the country have set up a new forum to
express their views.

The group approached The Star
with their idea, and as a result a new
advertising column called “People’s In-
itiative” was created in The Star Clas-
sified section. The first column appears
today with the publication of 41 adver-
tisements. oe

They call for, among other things,
the total abolition of apartheid, and
urge the Government to release all de-
tainees.

Cricket hero Vincent van der Bijl
and his wife Bev were of the first

to place an advertisement. “Respect:

for the rule of law, free enterprise,
freedom of the’ individual and Press,
and equal opportunity are the corner

ual educat!

stones of a positive future and vision’
for all people in South Africa,” they
said. t
‘The idea started when Johannesburg
businessman Mr Alastair MacDuff, as-
sembled a group:of friends to discuss
whether there was something positive
yet simple which they could do instead
of “just moaning and groaning” about
the situation in South Africa. .
Out: of this was born the “People’s
Initiative”, which describes itself as a
group of ordinary, patriotic individu-.
als, with no intention of leaving the
country, but who do not want to sit
back while violence escalates. .
* The group decided to launch a type
of protest column in the newspaper.
smalls to make their voices heard. Mr.
McDuff said they hoped the idea would,
snowball. The column appears on Page
1 of the Classified Section.

Jane and Vincent Cur-
ruthers.

Parcunity for

demand the iramediate and
Sbaniute mooie
apartheid fomether with

the immediate charging
or telease of all detainees:

the democratic process =
equal education and op-

eat tar se
o Resanliy ert

Montgomery.

1 implore the total abolition
‘Of apartheld and the

mediate 3

Populaci

ana Gro

repeal
jon ‘Hes

future for our child
Bava ted jenny Reeves.

MAY be our last chance

ieneficnsl Community.”
REMEMBER ~
RHODESIA

}OHNCITIZEN

future for our
Loretta and Pauk:

,
mince Saris

raat ae eher
iia crastatey

is too great to
by the surrent
sa: We eal for the

‘Government through

law, free eniterptise, free:
dom ofthe indiigual and
A Drees, are

fine democratic process =

RBH ef en Fepaeasele

79



ANGOLA

DOS SANTOS CONGRATULATES KAMPUCHEAN LEADER
MB172051 Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 1900 GMT 17 Jul 86

[Message from Jose Eduardo dos Santos, chairman of the MPLA-Labor Party and
President of the People's Republic of Angola, to Heng Samrin, secretary gen-
eral of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party, on the occasion of the
35th anniversary of the party's founding--date of message not given]

{Text] Esteemed Comrade: On behalf of the Angolan people, the MPLA-Labor
Party Central Committee, and on my own behalf, I have the honor to express
our warmest congratulations to the Central Committee of the Kampuchean Peo-
ple's Revolutionary Party [KPRP], and, through you, to the militants and
people of Kampuchea on the occasionof the 35th anniversary of the founding
of your party.

On marking this date of great historical significance, we identify our-
selves with the joyous KPRP militants and the heroic people of Kampuchea
whose unselfish efforts to build a new society, free from exploitation and
humilitation, has won the respect and admiration of progressive and peace-
loving forces worldwide.

We salute you for your major achievements and we are convinced that, under
the guidance of KPRP wisely led by Heng Samrin, new victories will be
achieved by the Kampuchean people. We wish you on this occasion the best
of success in consolidating the already achieved gains in your gigantic
task to build a fatherland of social Progress and well-being for the Kam-
puchean people.

With highest consideration,

[Signed] Jose Eduardo dos Santos, chairman of the MPLA~Labor Party and
president of the People's Republic of Angola.

/6662
csO: 3400/307



QUEENSTOWN FACTORY PRODUCTION LINKED TO GM

Port Elizabeth THE WEEKEND POST in English 5 Jul 86 p 7

{Article by Denise Boutall]

[Text]

A THREE-YEAR-OLD
Queenstown factory,
started by an American,
Mr Russ Oliveto, will be
responsible for all tooling,
pressing and sheet metal
fabrication operations for’
General Motors in Port.
Elizabeth.

The one-year manage-
ment contract with
Stateline Pressed Metal
which came into effect on
July 1 was announced this
week by the director of
manufacturing at GMSA,
Mr_ Keith Butler-
Wheelhouse.

In an interview yester-|
day the managing director
of Stateline Pressed Metal,
Mr Oliveto, said he se-
lected Queenstown as the
site for his factory because
the climate was suited to
sheet metal processing and
it was centrally sitdated
for supplying South Afri-
ca’s automotive manufac-
turers.

Mr Oliveto’ said he sold

_ Up in America three years

ago and moved to South

3400/299

Africa because he had a lot
of faith in the country and
its future. He had worked
in South Africa as a con-
sultant to one of the auto-

“motive manufacturers in:

the mid-1970s.

He said he employed
about 150 people at his
Queenstown factory. He
did not envisage this
week’s agreement with
GMSA leading to an expan-
sion of his staff or facilities
there. The factory was
working at between 80%
and 90% of capacity of one.
shift at present.

He had been supplying
GMSA for the last 18
months and currently sup-
plied the Port Elizabeth
company with about 20 ma-:
jor components.

The agreement with
GMSA was for one year
only “but we will work to-«
wards a longer term con-
tract.”, said Mr Oliveto.

In terms of the agree-
ment Mr Oliveto will as- :
sume management respon-
sibilities for all GMSA

107

SOUTH AFRICA

tooling, pressings and sheet
metal fabrication.

In his statement Mr But-
ler-Wheelhouse says the
agreement gives GMSA ac-
cess to Stateline’s facilities
and expertise in Queens-
town and it will consider-
‘ably enhance both compar-
ies’ pressing and
toolmaking capabilities in
the Eastern Cape.

This move is designed to
consolidate all of GMSA’s

own sheet metal pressing
needs, thereby making best
use of the present press
shop facility.

In addition, the
increased capability of
GMSA’s pressing operation
will enable it to be more
active in developing valu-
able export business and
also in attracting local cus-
tomers.

, The move also creates a
toolmaking capacity
unequalled in South Africa
through which GMSA can
become a supplier of tool-
ing to other manufactur-
ers, both automotive and
‘non-automotive.



“I doubt if any free enterprise system or democratic government would have
much to quarrel with this. That is why the South African Government needs to
talk to the ANC”.

He said the ANC believed in a mixed economy. This meant there would be
private enterprise on the one hand and joint ownership of certain strategic
enterprises - much as existed under the present Nationalist Government.

“The ANC was distressed at the extent to which its policies were distorted in
South Africa,” he said.

Dr Motsuenyane said there was no indication that the ANC would nationalise
free enterprise. But the ANC and Nafcoc agreed there must be a major
redistribution of wealth.

Here he differed sharply with Sanlam chief, Dr Fred du Plessis, who told the
Nafcoc congress that it was essential to create new wealth rather than
redistribute wealth.

“Wealth for blacks has been restricted outside the homelands and the free
enterprise system has been free for the white group.

“How do we create new wealth when we are restricted to only 13 percent of
land?” Dr Motsuenyane asked.

While Nafcoc reached extensive agreement at its meeting with the ANC, it
failed to do the same with Mr Pik Botha, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and
supposedly the most enlightened Cabinet Minister.

Dr Motsuenyane said one of Mr Botha's most disturbing statements was that
blacks had false hopes that whites would give up power, and he said the white
rightwing must not be underestimated.

“I don't think we should sacrifice the future of this country because of the
attitude of a few rightwing whites," Dr Motsuenyane said.

He said that if the postapartheid South Africa was based on individual and not-
group rights, it could achieve a high degree of democracy as there was no one
dominant tribe in the country.

Individual rights could be protected by a Bill of Rights but he opposed the
idea of a minority veto.

“At the United Nations, couatries which cannot veto do not take very kindly to
the veto,” he said

Dr Motsuenyane said South Africa has missed the opportunity to develop an
intellectual class of blacks who could play their part in leading the country.

But he said at the same time there had already been gross mismanagment by the
present white-controlled government.

77



the current account of the balance
of payments for the first five
months will be down from
R22 billion last year to R2 billion.

Large purchases of strategic
goods, notably crude oil, in the first
three months of the year, pushed
up the volume of merchandised
imports, at a seasonally adjusted
annual rate, to 40 percent from
25,6 percent in the last quarter of
1985.

“However, there are indications
that the programme of stockpiling
strategic goods is almost complet-
ed and that, in future, the volume
of imports will once again be more
closely related to the general rate
of expansion in the economy.”

Although the depreciation of the
rand is pushing up import prices
considerably, Sanlam believes that
the current account of the balance
of payents will show favourable
surpluses during the rest of the
year. It estimates that there will
be a surplus of between Ré billion
and R5 billion for the year as a
whole.

19274
CSO: 3400/326

Willies

Z
NNN

VU
VL

VL

LLL

un 2 8 4 8 0
Percentage changes in nominal
and real renumeration per worker.

103

Anrival percentage changes in pri-
vate consumption expenditure
and personal disposable income.



SOUTH AFRICA

EXPERTS SAY GOVERNMENT POLICIES DESTROYING FAMILY LIFE

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 9 Jul 86 p 17

{Text] The destructive influence of

Government policies on family
life in South Africa was
brought sharply into focus at a
conference on Crisis Interven-
tion yesterday.

“The way the Government
handles things filters down to
the average man or woman,”
Dr R Smart of the Transvaal
Memorial Institute for Chil-
dren told the conference at
Tara Hospital.

He gave the example of a
man with whom he had dealt
when that man’s son had to re-
ceive hospital treatment after
a beating.

“He said to me: ‘How can the
Government tell me not to beat
my child when they employ
people to sjambok strangers’
children in the streets?’.”

The fear and anxiety existing
in South Africa were not: con-
ducive to healthy relationships,
said Mrs Ruth de Bruyn, Direc
tor of the Family Life Centre.

Even different _ political
views heightened stress.

The effect of community vio-
lence on the domestic situation
was not yet known, she said.

FUNDAMENTALS

Some couples shelved their .

problems while they “battened
down the hatches”. Some emi-

113104

cso:

3400/265

88

grated as a unit, without ana-
lysing problems or tensions
within the marriage.

She called for more skilled,
short-term marriage guidance
and = marriage-preparedness
classes in schools.

‘This call was backed by Dr
CW Allwood of Baragwanath
Hospital. He said there was an
urgent need to teach parents
the fundamentals of child-par-
ent relationships “so that to-
morrow’s parents can begin to
restore the years that the lo-
cust has eaten” (when unrest
disrupted family life).

The erosion of traditional so-
ciety among blacks had turned
the lobola (bride price) from a
means of creating closer bonds
to a source of tension, said’Mrs
E Shuenyane, a lecturer in
community paediatrics at Wits
University. .

Whereas once the families
were drawn together by the rit-
uals surrounding lobola, now
the price was paid in cash and
many couples started their
married life in. debt. This
strained a marriage.

“If the girl is a graduate, as
much as R4000 can be asked
for her. Sonieé women~have a~
baby out of wedlock to get ,
around the lobola.”



RECEDING LAKE CHAD THWARTS GRAIN PRODUCTION PLANS

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 22 Jun 86 pp 1, 14

{Article by Clement Unegbu]

[Text]

THE receding water of Lake Chad has aborted -
plans by an agency of the Federal Ministry of
Science and Technology to save millions of Naira
in foreign exchange for the country through
massive local production of wheat and barley.

Nigeria has been spending more than 400 million Naira
annually on the importation of wheat flour for the making
of bread and biscuits and thrice that amount on the impor-

tation of malt extracted from barley.

Malt is used for the production of beverages and beer.

Speaking to the Sunday
New Nigerian (SNN) at a
press briefing by the
Minister of Science and
Technology, Professor,
Emmanuel Emovon, a senior
official of the Lake Chad
Research Institute, Malam
Danjurna Mohammed con-

firmed that some breweries ,

had approached the in-
. stitute to assist them em-
ibark on massive production
\of barley at the lake.

This, he said, followed the
successful development of
high-yield varieties of
wheat and barley which had
been grown and harvested at
the lake by the institute.
Samples of the grains wege on
display at the National
Assembly Complex in Lagos
on Friday.

Malam Mohammed disclos-
ed that efforts to meet the
demands of the breweries had
been aborted by the receding
waters of Lake Chad which
has made it impossible for the

19274
csO: 3400/145

institute to embark on the
massive production of grains
for commercial purposes.
Commenting on the ac-
tivities of his ministry, Pro-i
fessor Emovon explained that
the successes achieved on the \

.local growing of wheat and,

barley by institutes under his
ministry came at a time the
Federal Military Govenment
placed a ban on the importa-
tion of wheat.

He. revealed that the
Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm:
Research (NIFOR), had pro-
duced a special dyarf variety
of oi! palm trees which fruit in
two three years instead of the
seven {o eight years period of
fruition of the local variety,’
adding that the yield of the
newly developed palm trees
was five times: as much and
“removes the tedium of climb-
ing. to obtain the fruits.”

Professor Emovon is ob-
timistic that this develop-
ment will soon make Nigeria

, self-sufficient in palm oil pro-

duction.

According to the minister,
animal disease outbreaks:
‘have remained a major set
back in the development of the

56

NIGERIA

nation’s livestock industry,
and this has forced research
efforts to focus on the develop-
ment of new animal vaccines.
| To this end, Professor
Emovon disclosed that the Na-.
tional Veterinary Research.
Institute, Vomn, has developed
a new vaccine against the
deadly lung disease of cattle
known as Contagious pleuro
pneumonia.

He said that the institute has
been able to produce 10
-million doses of animal vac-
cines which are Sold to the
| public at subsidised rates, ad-
jing that this was 200 million
doses Short of the total annual
demand of 300 million doses.

Already, three million Naira
has been made available as
part of the 10 million Naira
needed’ for the establishment
-of acommercial vaccine pro-
duction company at Vom near
Jos in Plateau State, he an-

nounced.

Speaking later to the SW,
fessor Emovon emphasisec
that it was not the intention of
government to embark on the
commercial production of the
numerous inventions of the
research institutes but that it
was enough that the govern-
ment had provided the lead.
He, therefore, urged that
private entrepreneurs and
firms should come forward
and acquire patents for the
new inventions for commer-
:.elalisation.

The strategy of centering
our industrial development on
the importation of
sophisticated equipment and
materials for which the coun-
try has limited capacity to
maintain and thus create the
dependence syndrome should
be de-emphasised, he
declared.



NIGERIA

MINISTER CITED ON GUIDELINES FOR AIRPORT CONSTRUCTION
AB162114 Lagos Domestic Service in English 1800 GMT 16 Jul 86

(Text] The Federal Government is soon to come out with guidelines for grant-
ing approval for the construction of airports in the country. The minister of
transport and aviation, Brigadier Jeremiah Useni, made this known at a meeting
in Lagos today with private operators of aircraft to Warri airstrip in Bendel
State. Correspondent Musa Ali was there for Radio Nigeria:

{Ali] The minister said the aim of the regulation is to number such airports
being proposed by some states, private organizations, and individuals. He
said the regulation will guide any state, organization, and community intend-
ing to build an airport of the kind, on facilities to be provided as well as
other necessary requirements before they could get approval to do so. Brig
Useni reiterated the government's stand that no compensation will be paid

on any privately built airport, but promised that government would provide
navigational aid to such airports.

Earlier, Brig Useni gave the private operators of aircraft to Warri airstrip

2 months to come out with suggestions on how to make the airstrip safer for
landing and taking off of aircraft, He proposed an expansion to the present
airstrip or its relocation at a new site to be fully financed by the operators
in collaboration with the local community. The minister, who undertook a tour
of the airstrip last week, said that he held discussions with the communities
and that they expressed their willingness to join hands with any organization
wishing to build an airstrip in any location on their land.

A spokesman for the operators told the minister that the organization has no
financial capability to embark on such projects at present. But the minister
told them that they had no option than to (?provide) amply for the safety of
the users of the airstrip or the government might be forced to close it down.

19274
CsO: 3400/145

52



Elections

Another topic brought up by Mariano Matsinha at this meeting pertained to the
forthcoming general elections; he advised the inhabitants of the province to
elect honest citizens in the second elections for deputies to the people's

assemblies...

During the rally, the director of Niassa Province appealed to the people to
exercise constant vigilance, to neutralize any attempt at infiltration by
the enemy during the process of the general elections.

On that oceasion, the inhabitants of Chimbonila denounced the criminal actions
of the armed bandits and asked for weapons to defend themselves.

6362
CSO: 3442/257

14



PROS, CONS OF PRIVATIZATION DISCUSSED

Lagos DAILY TINES in English 2 Jul 86 p 9

{Article by C. 0. Dureke]

[Text]

F you are planning a

protest march against
Privatisation of public
enterprises, better drop
the idea: ‘The Secretary to
the Federal Government,
Mr. Olu Falae, has said
that privatisation was
already a fiat and there
was no going back.’

In his address titled
“Modalities for successful
privatisation of Nigerian
public enterprises” Mr.
Falae announced that
privatisation was a

conclusion and
that what -was most
- important now was ‘how
jto prevent a few people
‘or @ geographical area
‘from buying up a big
chunk.

For the purpose of
working out acceptable
{modalities a committee of
‘experts has been set up.

ig to him, the
‘federal government took
the decision to privatise
because it invested over.
N8 billion in equity shares
and 15 billion in loans on
about 100 - public

companies and,

parastatals. But the
returns from these
investments had been |
between 100 and 800 '

mecniee’ he continued,
“as much as 40 per cent of
the government's non-

salary expenditure and 30 .
per cent of its capital ;

investment budget go to

43

support public enterprises
from which the govern-
ment has not received

far share on its equity .
investment’ of taxes, :
“interest or repayment of

out-standing debts".
Consequently the

government decided not
to allow this state of

affairs to continue. And so .

the question was not
whether or not the govern-
ment would — pri
public eviterpri:
the privatisation
policy would , be
implemented, he stressed.
Mr. Falae did not stop
there. He proceeded to
classify the public
enterprises to be affected.
Those’ to .be fully
privatised are
“Government owned
enterprises or parastatals
which function in a fully
commercial manner and
are mostly limited
liability companies which
can only be distinquished
from those of the private
sector by government
ownership .and control".
To this group belong the
New Nigerian News-
Papers, state Government
newspapers and the Daily

Times of Nigeria, Bauchi _

Abattoirs, Nigerian Food
Company, Nigerian Dairy
Company etc.

The second group are
those to be partially
privatised. These include
Nigerian Postal Services

NIGERIA



19274
cso:

Chief

‘the market value for the both in the public and

will ‘be “faced with”
:market competition to
“attract the limited.
* buyers. And when this

too expensive, nobody" becomes the case, prices’

them. *. ta
bict Shonekan.

‘argued ordinary
people will not suffer too

much asa result of the

new system, because
they are used vo paying

of them have not been

3400/145

will start falling because

sellers will start cutting’ .

their profit margin in
order to sell their

cts.
Chief Shonekan
believes that the new
system will curb waste

for example will
cars it has instead of
buying riew ones.

he ods they, mhe public sector which

_has been accused in the.
past for being wasteful

. will have to be careful, .'

47



On the political front he said Nafcoc would refuse to take part in the
Government's new National Statutory Council (NSC). This could spell the death
knell of Pretoria's current initiatives to co-opt blacks into Government.

Dr Motsuenyane said the real reason for Nafcoc's refusal to take part in the
NSC was that it was not clear what the Government was aiming it. "We feel we
cannot come out in support of talks that are nebulous,” he said.

It appeared the Government was merely perpetuating is current policy of "own
affairs" for seperate races while whites retained real control of "general

affairs".

This was totally unacceptable as it meant that blacks has no say on the most
important “general” functions such as taxation, he said.

There were still no signs yet that the Government was prepared to phase out
white rule, he said.

And on the sanctions front Nafcoc has now clearly hinted that it might soon
change its policy and support international disinvestment from South Africa
along with other extra-parliamentary groups.

“I do not want to pre-empt the outcome of our meetings on disinvestment. We
have people in both camps,” he said.

What has given rise to this new Nafcoc hardline attitude against the
Government and big business?

"We have become tougher because of the slowness of change. We need to have
Nelson Mandela free to de-escalate violence, we need to unban parties and the
Government must negotiate with real leaders. These have not begun to happen."

"The black man in business has been the product of a restricted milieu. He
could not escape the problems of his community,” he said.

Dr Motsuenyane cited the attacks on a number of businesses recently and said
some businessmen had even been killed or injured in the current violence.

Since the declaration of the first state of emergency, black attitudes had
hardened as army and police used repression to quell black township violence.

“Black business has been on the periphery of the business community. It has
received crumbs from the table of big business. There has been no real
involvement. It has been a matter of tokenism. Whatever is happening now is
too little too late,” he said.

Discussing the high degree of agreement which Nafcoc reached in its recent
meeting with the ANC in Lusaka, Dr Motsuenyane said:

76



LESOTHO

MILITARY COUNCIL APPROVES 1986-87 BUDGET
MB091833 Maseru Domestic Service in English 1600 GMT 9 Jul 86

[Text] The Military Council today approved a record budget of more than

460 million maluti for the financial year 1 April 1986 to 31 March 1987.
Announcing the approval of the budget today, the minister of finance, Hon E.R.
Sekhonyana, said 5 million maluti has been allocated to the administrative
account and more than 83 million maluti to statutory expenditure.

The recurrent expenditure amounts to 177 million maluti. The minister said
that more than 20 per cent has been allocated to education, 9.1 per cent to
agriculture, 8 per cent to health, 7 per cent to works, and 6 per cent to
interior.

He said that “income tax rates are already high, and the burden being imposed
on personal taxpayers has been exacerbated by the effects of inflation. To
give some measure of relief, he added, personal abatements have been raised
by 100 per cent, and dependents’ abatements by 50 per cent. He said in order
to deal with serious problems of tax evasion and avoidance, the government
has made other tax changes.

In the first place, the company profits tax rate has been increased from 37.5
per cent to 45 per cent, except that company profits earned from manufactur-
ing activity will continue to be taxed at 37.5 per cent. He added that, to
avoid evasion of tax on savings and deposit interest in financial institu-
tions, the govérnment is now requiring them to deduct 10 per cent at source
on interest income over 240 million per annum.

The minister also said it had been necessary to introduce a 10 per cent
deduction on contract payments by government to deal with tax evasion. The
deduction will apply to all contracts concluded after 1 April 1986. Arrange-
ments are being made to meet the requirements in respect of contracts con-
cluded under foreign aid arrangements.

The minister pointed out that the purpose of these changes is to produce a
fair income tax system. The minister disclosed that this year, Lesotho's
customs revenue was down by 17 million maluti, as compared with 1985-86.
He also disclosed that government spending in areas like education, health,
agriculture, and rural development, has increased significantly in recent
years, emphasizing that inflation was not the only cause for the increase.



GONGOLA TRADITIONAL RULERS BANNED FRON LAND ALLOCATION

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 9 Jul 86 p 16

[Article by Obi Udefuna]

[Text]

19274
cso:

HE Gongola commissioner

for local government, Dr
Mahmud Hamman, has said
that traditional rulers would no

longer participate in the alloca- .

tion of land in the state,

Dr Hamman told the fourth
session of the People’s Parlia-
ment on Saturday in Fufore,
Gongola State, that land allo-
cation committees, previously
under the chairmanship of
traditional rulers in the state,
had been dissolved, explaining
that the move was to
“insulate” the rulers from,
conflicts and “petty” ‘land
politics.

3400/145

The commissioner said that
new committees would be
constituted to administer land
matters and that government
would take appropriate steps to
‘ensure that the masses were not
unduly deprived of their
legitimate land.

Gov Madaki said that the
state government would no
longer tolerate a_ situation
whereby few __ individuals
acquired large expanse of land
to the detriment of the masses.

He said that government was
taking adequate steps to end
conflicts between livestock
grazers and farmers in the

51

suate.

The commissioner of police
in the state, Alhaji Manu
Umar, said that the task of
eliminating cattle theft in the
state was a joint responsibility
of the police and the communi-

ties.

Alhaji Manu urged the
people to give useful clues thal
could lead to the arrest of cattle
thieves to the police or their
district heads.

‘The commissioner disclosed
that the State Police Command
would soon provide more land-
rovers to the police anti-cattle
theft squad to assist them in
checking the menace of'thieves.

NIGERIA



Gongola Traditional Rulers Banned From Land Allocation
(Obi Udefuna; DAILY STAR, 9 Jul 86).....ceeeeccceeccccccenaes

Minister Cited on Guidelines for Airport Construction
(Lagos Domestic Service, 16 Jul 86).....cccccesecccccccccccce

Construction Industry Suffering From Recession
(BUSINESS TIMES, 30 Jun 86).......ceeeeeecee cece ecnccceeccces

Railway Corporation Scores Gains Despite Problems
(Michael Oduniyi; BUSINESS TIMES, 14 Jul 86)..

Babangida Launches Tree Planting Campaign
(DAILY STAR, 9 Jul 86)....cccccccccccvccccecccccccceeeeces on

Receding Lake Chad Thwarts Grain Production Plans
(Clement Unegbu; SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 22 Jun 86).........000-

Small Farmers To Get Direct Loans
(Adebisi Adekunle; NEW NIGERIAN, 19 Jun 86)........ceeeeeeeee

Briefs
State Cabinet Reshuffle
Koran Teachings at WAI
Commodity Boards Elimination Criticized
Revival of Cotton-Growing
Holding of Census Urged
Muri Emirate Council Dissolution
Fulani Settlement Plan
Kano Promotion of Groundnuts
Civil Aviation Training Center
Air Fares Increase Explanation
Oil Refineries Expansion
Air Force Antismuggling Measures
Road Contract Awards
Anambra Family Planning Program
Accelerated Anambra Police Investigation
Onitsha Airstrip, Air Service
ECOWAS Insurance Card Program

SOUTH AFRICA
AFRIKANER/GOVERNMENT
Intelligence Service Refuses Comment on Newspaper Report
(SAPA, 24 Jul 86). .cceceesseccncccccscccnccccenceescsencecces
Heunis Criticizes Eglin's National Council Remarks
(SAPA, 23 Jul 86)..cccecccccecccccccscvereccsscescssvscvesees
-d-

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The spokesman said there was no doubt that ANC terrorists were responsible
for laying landmines in South Africa that killed and seriously injured a num-
per of civilians. "These are the people with whom the Defence Force has a
quarrel and whom the Defence Force will seek out and destroy wherever they
are." The Defence Force has committed to the protection of all the in-
habitants of South Africa, regardless of race, creed, colour or religion,

he added.

19274
CSO: 3400/323

68



NIGERIA

PARASTATALS WOULD BENEFIT FROM HIGHER SALARIES
Enugu DAILY STAR in English 19 Jun 86 p 3

[Text] Ever since Nigeria's oil sales plummeted on the international market
and the Federal Military Government found itself in the economic doldrums, it
has mapped out various fiscal measures and economic package to salvage the
sick economy,

One of such measures is the privatisation of government companies and para-
statals most of which collapsed during the civilian administration.

A good number of them were saddled with huge debts comprising loans from the
banks and money owed to contractors and suppliers.

Workers' salaries, leave allowances, hospital bills and other fringe benefits
piled up unpaid. Some of those workers, retired and retrenched or dismissed
are yet to collect their money from their employers.

The financial experts and professionals and the advisers have prepared the
privatisation package for the Federal Military Government as the only panacea
for all its economic woes.

But on the other hand, while we concede the fact that inefficiency, imcompe-
tence and downright embezzlement of public funds, fraud, corruption and finan-
cial mismanagement brought the financial ruins of these companies/parastatals,
the other side of the coin is of course, poor condition of service and
abysmally low salaries and wages in these government establishments.

This state of affairs has affected the performance of these companies/para-
statals as lack of incentives and job security affect morale and therefore per-
formance and productivity.

We share the views expressed by the president of the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN), Mr Sammy Williams who blamed the poor performance
of government parastatals and corporations on the continued application of civil
service salary structure.

And just recently, the Imo State Commissioner for Information, Mr Temple Benson
spoke in the same light when he said that journalists in government-owned

23



SOUTH AFRICA

HEUNIS CRITICIZES EGLIN'S NATIONAL COUNCIL REMARKS
MB231944 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1745 GMT 23 Jul 86

{Embargoed until 2201 GMT 23 July]

[Text] Pretoria, 23 Jul (SAPA)--The minister of constitutional development and
planning, Mr Chris Heunis, today (Wednesday) branded remarks by the leader of
the opposition, Mr Colin Eglin, concerning the proposed National Council as
“shallow and superficial."

In a news release issued in Pretoria today (Wednesday) Mr Heunis said that
Mr Eglin had been quoted as saying that a postponement of a standing com-
mittee on constitutional affairs meeting indicated that "something had gone
wrong and that it was typical of the whole pattern of confusion which was a
hallmark of constitutional development in South Africa."

Mr Heunis said if Mr Eglin was quoted correctly, he had revealed " a complete
lack of understanding for the process of negotiation which should accompany
all constitutional development."

Mr Eglin's "insensitivity" regarding this process was "disturbing, to say the
least," and his "opportunistic reaction to the postponement of the meeting of
the standing committee casts doubt on his sincerity regarding the process of

“ negotiation in general and the national council in particular," Mr Heunis
said,

He said the National Council Bill had initially been published for comment.
It had evoked considerable response and follow-up discussions were in pro-
gress.

This underlined the government's commitment to negotiation, Mr Heunis said.

“The government does not intend to cut this discussion short as it believes it
to be in the joint interest of all black people as well as the government and
therefore of South Africa itself."

Mr Heunis said the government had irrevocably committed itself to the under-
standing that steps such as creating the National Council would not be finalised
unilaterally but that negotiations should be conducted on the widest possible
basis with interested parties.

19274 .
csO: 3400/323 66



Aminu said government should encourage the formation of a body, comprising
members of the NCNF, cooperative organisations and others to regulate prices.
[Excerpt] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 26 Jun 86 p 16] /9274

REVIVAL OF COTTON-GROWING--Textiles Manufacturers Association of Nigeria has
voted about 40 million Naira for reactivation of cotton in the next ten years.
A 10-year plan was unfolded in Sokoto by the Chairman of the Association,
Alhaji Mahmud Abubakar while presenting a cheque of 25,000 Naira as their con-
tribution towards the rehabilitation of cotton production in the country.
Alhaji Abubakar said each of the 90 members of the association would contribute
between 25,000 and 500,000 Naira annually. He said the association has now
decided to go into large scale mechanised cotton production with the view of
acquiring its raw materials locally. Already, he said, the association has
commissioned the Agricultural Research Institute of the Ahmadu Bello Univer-
sity (ABU), Zaria, to look into the possibility of acquiring high yield

seeds, labour saving technology, pest control and long stable cotton farming.
He said the association has targeted to be producing about 700,000 bales of
cotton per annum for use by the existing textile industries as well as the
exporting of the commodity by 1996. The Chairman said members of the associ-
ation would soon undertake a visit to Egypt, Brazil, Zimbabwe and United States
to study the mode of their cotton production and rain as it affects cotton pro-
duction. The Commissioner of Agriculture, Sokoto State, Alhaji Isa Mohammed
Argungu expressed the government's appreciation to the donation and assured the
association of government's determination to improve cotton production in the
country. [Text] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 7 Jul 86 p 16] /9274

HOLDING OF CENSUS URGED--The Commandant of the Nigerian Army School of In-
fantry (NASI), Brigadier Sani Sami, has said the military should conduct a
national census before it handed over power to civilians in 1990. He said it
had become necessary because only the military should conduct a national
census before it handed over power to civilians:in 1990. He said it had be-
come necessary because only the military could successfully conduct a national
census, adding that a few able civilian hands would be found to help. Briga-
dier Sami, a former Governor of Bauchi State, told the New Nigerian in Kaduna
that, "we did not know our population to date". He said it was sad that we
have tried to conduct a census several times without success. He, however,
said there would be need for us to be very careful when we conduct the census
adding that "we can't invite anybody to come and assist us." He added "if we
shy away from it we will not be doing this country any good." Brigadier Sami
wondered how we could plan accurately and properly if we did not know how many
we were, On promotions in the army, the Commandant said it was usually very
thorough, adding that no officer was promoted who did not merit it. He said
officers must appear before a selection board and must fulfill all the condi-
. tions before they were promcted and all those promoted were due for it. [Text]
[By Bala Mohammed] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 8 Jul 86 p 16] /9274

MURI EMIRATE COUNCIL DISSOLUTION-~The Governor of Gongola State, Colonel

* Yohanna Madaki, has said that the dissolution of the Muri Emirate Council and
the removal of the Emir Alhaji Umaru Abba Tukur, as chairman were part of the
government's plans to re-organise all arms of its services. He also said the
dissolution of the emirate council did not mean that Alhaji Umaru had been
removed as emir. Governor Madaki told newsmen at the Government Lodge in

59



MOZAMBIQUE

CABO DELGADO STUDIES PEANUT FARMING
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 23 Jun 86 p 2

[Text] As part of its Provincial Peanut Program, the Provincial Secretariat
of Agriculture in Cabo Delgado has assessed the activities conducted since
Febzuary in the diseemination of information and in research and the prospects
for this crop.

The 1985/1986 agricultural campaign is the first one in which the DDR (Depari~
ment of Rural Development) is assisting in this program, supporting the popula~
tion in peanut farming. The DDR will also introduce methods for extracting

the edible peanut oil locally.

DDR technician Antonio Van Den Loo said that a study will be conducted within
this year on the reasons for the disappearance of peanuts fran the region and
that other varieties of peanuts will also be introduced for the family sector..

Experimental farm plots will be created in the villages and there will be
extension and rural manpower training programs.

A training seminar was conducted for field personnel, in which methods of combat-
ing the plague of snails which is attacking the peanut crops in Nueda District
were discussed. Project F0-9 played a part in the seminar.

The participants examined the results obtained by AGRICOM [Agricultural Products
Marketing Company] during the peanut marketing campaigns and they will be included
in the studies covering 220 peasants who have received new varieties of seed
(Florunner and RMP=12) in six village of Montepuez.

The DDR, in conjunction with AGRICOM, is considering how to improve the distribu-
tion of seed to the villages and the system used in bartering.

A contract was signed with the State Cotton Company for 4,000 kilograms, which
were not used. [Sentence as published]

The Florunner and RMP-12 varieties of peanut are destined for the family sector,
so their use will spread rapidly...

In Montepuez, 216 families have already received 5,400 kilograms of unshelled

peanuts of these varieties and, after the crop is harvested, they should turn
50 kilograms back to the Provincial Peanut Program.

16



SOLDIERS WARNED AGAINST RELIGIOUS SECTS :

"Lure out of Uniform!

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 12 Jul 86 p 13

[Text]

SOLDIERS all over the
federation have been war-
ned not to succumb to the
pressure of certain religious
sects who have now inva-
ded the barracks to lure
them out of uniform,

The General Officer
Commanding (G.O.C.) the
2nd Mechanised Division
of the Nigerian Army, Bri-
gadier Y. Y. Kure, who
gave the warning yesterday
in Abeokuta, said that the
affected religious sects
were ‘going to the extent
of saying that: “It is
unGodly for the army to
ki”

Brigadier Kure, who

was addressing officers and
men of 31 Field Artillery
Brigade in Alamala, said
that soldiers should not
allow such religious sects
to mislead them.

According to the GOC.,
soldiers could kill, depen-
ding upon the circumstan-
ces that warranted such hil
ling.

Soldiers, he declared,

could not kill purely on

personal reasons.
Brigadier Kure told the

soldiers that he was not

Guru's Sect

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 23 Jun 86 p 1

[Editorial]

[Text]

telling soldiers not to go to
church or practise their
religion, adding that all he
was saying was that they
should not allow religious
sects to mislead or confuse
them.

‘The GOC then told the
soldiers of the need to be
battle-ready all the times.

According to him, the
Nigerian masses have total
confidence in the soldiers
of this country, adding sol-
diers should behave in a
way to justify that confi-
dence.

He warned soldiers
against living flambouyant
life, saying soldicring did
not allow for such.

InN January this year, Chief of
Army Staff Major-General Sani
poacha let it be known that the
repognises on ‘0 re
fone ors jam and Christianity.
hile the statement recognised
‘the right of soldiers to hold any
other religious views, they
were, however, not allowed to

33

NIGERIA



CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY SUFFERING FROM RECESSION

Lagos BUSINESS TIMES in English 30 Jun 86 p 32

[Text ]

OST construction

companies, as the
protracted recession
bites harder, have got
their ‘turnovers -nose-
diving to an all-time low.
According to Engineer E.
Olu Olowookere, President
of the Federation of Build-
ing and Civil Engineering

companies have collapsed.
‘The outlook for the future

may be worse as only a

handful of construction con

governments of the federa-
tion while many of the on-
going works from the pre-
vious contracts have been
completed.

To show the seriousness
of the falling turnovers,
Engineer Olowookere illus-
trated with two companies

within the industry as:

examples.

These are Dumex whose
turnover dropped from
N85.24 million in 1982 to
43.90 million, 412.99
million and 43.23 million in
1983, 1984 and 1985 res
pectively. «Roeds Nigeria

19274
CSO: 3400/145

53

NIGERIA

‘governments.
. Engineer Olowookere
contended: that since the

fs
4
BF

Mili
Rey 8
é .

gee

ave

sett

Joans continue to mount.
* Since the contribution of
ithe industry to capital for-
mation ‘is a function of
investment, it follows that
as the fortune of the
industry dwindles, its
ability to contribute has

affected.

Gross capital formation

+ Before‘the recession, the
industry had a very rapid
growth, thereby becoming
‘the largest: contributor to
“the Groes capital formation.



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

SOVIET AID TO REBUILD FACTORY=-With the signing of a protocol on completion

of the design of a project for the reconstruction of the farm implements manu-
facturing plant (METECNA) in the city of Beira, the team of Soviet planners
recently completed their labors in our country. Actually, some repairs to

the existing installations at the factory are already underway. The protocol
which has just been signed provides for the reconstruction and expansion of
the plant. There are also plans to expand the existing capacity of the factory
by more than 43 percent. When the project is completed, METECNA will be able
to manufacture various articles for agricultural use, such as hoes, sickles
and scythes and animal-drawn equipment. The factory will also be equipped

to produce food items. The remodeling of this manufacturing unit will make

it possible to increase its productivity more than tenfold and to make it

22 percent more profitable., In addition to contributing to increasing national
production, the reconstruction of this factory will gradually result in a. savings
of foreign exchange, since it will lead to a significant reduction in imports
of farm implements. The plant will provide employment for 600 Mozambican
workers. [Text] [Naputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Jun 86 p 3] 6362

RESIDENTS OF MAGANJA DA COSTA LAUDED=-Gabriel Mombora Zucula, first secretary
and administrator of Maganja da Costa District, acknowledged the determination
of the residents of that district in the struggle against the famine and the
armed bandits as positive and highly praiseworthy. Zucula voiced this sentiment
during a recent meeting with party and government cadres in that region. At
that time, he noted the results achieved on several fronts, calling those results
the product of the courage and patriotic determination with which the people
of Maganja da Costa had participated in rebuilding the nation's economy. He
advised that greater attention should be paid to the patriotic education of
the people and the reinforcement of the role of the party at several levels,

as well as the promotion of small projects. [Text] [Maputo NOTICIAS in Portu-
guese 3 Jul 86 p 3] 6362

CSO: 3442/257

19



SOUTH AFRICA

NATION'S ARCHITECTS FACE INTERNATIONAL’ ISOLATION

Johannesburg THE SUNDAY STAR in English 13 Jul 86 p 10

{Article by Deon Delport and Carol Lazar]

[Text]

SOUTH African architects face in-
ternational isolation because they
have failed to oppose a motion call-
ing for refusal to design govern-
ment projects which further apart-
heid.

Transvaal architects at a meeting .
in Johannesburg this week voted to ,
stop a debate on their role in an
apartheid society. \

Two who are members of “Archi: |
tects against Apartheid” (AAP),
Hans Schirmacher and Geoff Sta-
cey, resigned in protest from the
provincial body. This means they
may not be able to practise as ar-
chitects.

AAP secretary Mr Schirmacher
said other architects were also dis-
satisfied with the institute but could.
not risk their careers by resigning.

Some of these intended fighting -
from within the profession.

_ The row follows a special meet-
ing of architects of the Transvaal .
Provincial Institute (TPI) thi

month when a majority voted,
against discussing amendments to‘

heid-related commissions. ae

Chairman of the meeting and*
president of the TPI, Arthur van der‘
Westhuizen, said it was conceivable’
that the outcome of the meeting:
would give ammunition to those Op-j
posed to SA architects.

86

“There have been rumblings for

years. We almost withdrew from
the International Union of Archi-
tects (UIA), to which our members
contribute thousands annually.”
* A message in support of Aap’s
proposed amendments was sent
from the Kenyan vice-president of
the UIA, Reuben Mutiso, warning
that “If the motion for change does
not go through or appropriate mea-
sures are not proposed, we shall
have no alternative other than to
further isolate you”.

Mr van der Westhuizen agreed
that some members — many bussed
from towns like Pietersburg and
Potchestroom — had refused to
back the motion because they had
government commissions.

Aap members said many at Mon-
day’s meeting “who might not have
voted for our suggested amend-
ments” upset that the proposals had
not been even discussed.

Mr van, der Westhuizen said peo-
ple from-top firms, disappointed
that the amendments were not dis-
cussed, had shown him their contri-

‘butions that would have toned down

the original amendments.

But, he said, 300 had been
“thrilled to bits” when they Suc-
ceeded In stopping discussion.

‘. Aap members have charged the
national and provincial bodies with
paying lip service to the human
rights provisions of the internation-


19274
cso: 3400/145

of prostitution, said to be the world’s oldest
existing trade. This clearly is a fight against a
fascistic feature of our society that rears its
head once in a while whenever it Is perceived
that the society has defaulted.

This year like some others before It, did not
come with the rains early enough and
everyone of us Is not feeling comfortable
with the spects of drought hanging over
our heads. And as a result, the justifiably
enraged mobsters have since been calling for
the banishment of all evil doers Including
prostitutes and beer salesmen.

Whether there is a way rainfall and pro-
stitution repel or attract.one another is a mat-
ter for scientists to determine. But we can

.Say that there is a need for civility in the way

such issues are dealt with. We feel con-
strained to suggest that such traditional
rulers who seem too willing to banish sinners
from their domains need to look beyond the
sex trade to see the myriad of transgressors
operating against the laws of God In our society.

Here, we are talking about the sodomists
whose effrontry has grown so wildly that
they now line the streets In big cities
soliciting for business. Think of the horde of
usurers; the shylock money lenders, the
swindlers including the middlemen, the
smugglers and the various types of economic,
saboteurs. Nor shall we refuse to mention
the numerous persons who contrary to their
exalted positions stoop down low to under-
take ungodly hence unlawful acts.

Again we emphasise that we are not for
prostitution. Apart from the troublesome
Issues of morality and law it goes against, we
shall not tire down in warning promiscuous
men and women against the danger now
posed to humanity for Instance by the Ac-
quired Immune Deficlency Syndrome,
(AIDS). What, however we Insist upon, is
that If the Intention to cle: the soclety of
sinners Is ‘genuine, It must go to the roots
beyond making scapegoats of free women
and beer salesmen.

40


FINGERPRINTING NEW FACET OF POPULATION REGISTRATION

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 25 Jul 86 p 13

{Article by Keith Abendroth]

[Text]

ALL White, Coloured
and Indian South Afri-
cans will have to be fin-
gerprinted within the
next five years, but the
authorities expect to
be able to achieve this
largely by “natural
processes” and without
any strong arm en-
forcement tactics.

Senior officials ot the
Department of Home Af-
fairs yesterday outlined
details of the fingerprint-
ing process, as well as
other facets of new popu-
lation registration and
legislation relating to re-
form moves and the end-
ing of Influx Control.

At a round-table Press
conference aimed at
clearing up misconcep-
tions and misunderstand-
ings on the legislation,
they also made it clear
that in future “alien”
Blacks from the TBVC
states would be handled
in the same way on the
employment front as
aliens from foreign coun-
tries further afield.

The onus will be on em-
ployers to show motiva-
tion for employing such
Blacks from Transkei,
Bophuthatswana, Venda

19274
CSO; 3400/330

and the Ciskei, to get per-
mission to go ahead and
employ them.

The officials also clear-
ed up provisions relating
to the restoration of the
South African Citizenship
Act, bringing full South
African citizenship within
reach of millions of
Blacks living outside their
homelands. .

Of the new identity
documents, which came
into force on July 1, it was
stated that the new sys-
tem did not differ radical-
lv from the previous, ex-
cept for the fingerprinting
of all South Africans and"
inclusion in the system of
Blacks.

However, the old iden-
tity books for Whites,
Coloureds and Indians
will still remain in force,
and will only be replaced
on application. :

‘The deadline for finger-
printing has been set at <
five years hence but the -
department expects no
problems ‘and believes
that the fingerprints will
be taken over this period *
in the normal process as
people approach. it for .+
various matters. = | :

The fingerprints them-
selves will be kept in a '
separate bank.

81

About 110 000 identity

ents are issued on '

average each month and
there are about 200 000
applications a year.

The document will be
available to: all people
permanently resident in
South Africa and to aliens
granted permanent resi-
dence permits.

People leaving South
Africa permanently will
be required to hand back
their identity books, with
their overseas passports
being their means of iden-
tification. .

It was stressed that
there was nothing “‘sinis-
ter” about the various
provisions and that secre-
cy of detail. would be
maintained, except for in-
formation on’ documents
needed for voters’ rolls.

To help Blacks, whose
old reference books will
still be recognised, the de-
partment will accept “‘ar-
cade-type” photographs
for the new documents —
photographs raken at
commercial camera ma-
chines.

On the restoration of
South African citizenship
to TBVC citizens, it is
stressed that the new Act

SOUTH AFRICA

” applies'only to those who

live permanently in South
Africa, It does not apply
to TBVC citizens living
permanently in those
countries.

~ TBVC citizens tempor-
arily in South Africa to
study, look for work or as
visitors or tourists, will be
treated as temporary
aliens in South Africa.

A TBVC citizen who
has his permanent home
in one of those countries
will remain a temporary
alien in South Africa,
even’ if employed for
many years here.

Basically there are
three categories for
TBVC citizens who want
to become South African
citizens:

They are those who
were born in South Africa
before the date of inde-
pendence of their home
countries and who have

lived permanently in

.. South Africa. Their chil-

dren born in South Africa

: become South African

citizens by birth and min-
or children born outside
but who came to South
Africa before July 1 be-
come South African citi-
zens by descent.



NIGERIA

BRIEFS

STATE CABINET RESHUFFLE—-The state military governor, Group Capt David Jonah
Jang has announced a cabinet reshuffle. Four of the nine commissioners were
affected. Under the new arrangement, the Commissioner for Education, Mr
Stephen Ikario was moved to the ministry of health while Mrs Lucy Aluor
formerly of health ministry takes over the education portfolio. The Commis-
sioner for Commerce and Industries, Mr Edward Iyorkyaa swaps position with the
former Commissioner for Internal Affairs, Information and Social Development,
Mr David Attah. A press release by the Chief Press Secretary, Mr Inalegwu

Ode said that the changes took effect from June 16. [Text] [Enugu DAILY STAR
in English 24 Jun 86 p 4] /9274

KORAN TEACHINGS AT WAI--An Appeal Court Judge has called on the Federal Mili-
tary Government to include the teachings of the Holy Qur'an in the implementa-
tion of the newly defined War Against Indiscipline., The judge, Oadi Na'ibi
Suleiman Wali, made the call while speaking as a special guest during the
closing ceremony of the Kano State Qur'anic recitation competiton which ended
with the distribution of prizes last Saturday. The Shariah Appeal Court Judge
noted that for our people to embrace the ethics of WAI it must, of necessity
be re-defined to be in line with religious moral teachings as emphasised in
the Holy Qur'an. Quadi Naibi called for the correct teachings of the Qur'an
in our educational institutions, to forestall a Maitatsine-type of uprising.
{Text] [Kano THE TRIUMPH in English 30 Jun 86 pp 1, 16] /9274

COMMODITY BOARDS ELIMINATION CRITICIZED-—-Which agency would implement the new
producer ‘prices and buy surpluses from farmers following the scrapping of all
the commodity boards? This is a question farmers who besieged the Nigerian
Grains Board, NGB, In Minna, kept asking as they waited to be paid for grains
they sold to the board in the last farming season. He urged the government to
provide an immediate solution or reinstate the commodity boards. Acting Gen-
eral Manager of the Nigerian Grains Board, NGB, Alhaji Raji said they have been
instructed to stop buying and selling at the end of this month. He said the
board would complete paying the farmers who had sold their surplus grains to
them, President General of the National Council of the Nigerian Farmers, NCNF,
Alhaji Aminu Tijjani, Turakin Zazzau, told the New Nigerian in Kaduna that the
decision to scrap the boards posed a bill challenge to the council. He said
leaving it purely as a commercial venture would be disastrous; "because it
will put all small scale farmers out of business and the big time farmers will
under cut them and buy-up their farms and turn them into labourers." Alhaji

58


WHITES SPLIT ON TALKS WITH ANC
Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 21 Jul 86 p 10

{Text ] .
SOUTH African White

voters are almost equally
divided for and against
talks between the Gov-
ermment and the national-
ist element within the
ANC.

‘A survey conducted ty
Market and Opinion Sur-
veys for the newspaper
Rapport in June, showed
that 48 percent believed
negotiations should* taker
place; 48 percent were:
against: and four percent

“It is sometimes said
that the ANC comprises
nationalist and comm-
unist elements. Do you
think it is desirable or un-
desirable that the Gov-'
ernment should try to ne-
gotiate with the national-.
ists in the ANC?” .

There was a substantial"
difference of opinion be-
tween Afrikaans and
English voters. Only 34
percent of . Afrikaners
were in favour of talks as

! compared with 63 percent
against.

English-speaking vot-
ers were 68 percent in:
favour and 27 percent

« against.

Younger voters were
more strongly in favour of,
negotiation. In the under-\
24 age-group, 56 percent:
were in favour.

19274
CSO: 3400/330

82

SOUTH AFRICA


Politicians Criticize Ban

Enugu DAILY STAR in English 9 Jul 86 pp 1, 9

{Article by Emma Ikwueze]

[Text]

19274
cso:

M ANY former politicians
of the second republic
have bitterly complained over
the 10-year-ban on their parti-
cipation in political activities
by the Federal Military Govern.
ment, when the ban on politics
is lifted.

The politicians who spoke to
the Daily Star on Monday in
Enugu were among the over
one hundred of them who have
so far reported to the state
police command in compliance
with the directive of the Armed
Forces Ruling Council.

‘About 60 per cent of the ex-
politicians who asked to be
anonymous, argued that it was
untair to lump together all of
them in a group of people who
abused their offices because,
according to them, quite a
considerable number of them
were not found wanting by any
tribunal or panel.

They admitted that it was
proper to ban ex-politicians
who were found guilty of one
offence or the other, but said
that those found ' innocent
should not be painted’ black,

3400/144

adding that the presumption
from the ban order was that all
of them were corrupt.

They further argued that the
ban was counter-productive
since it would deny the country
Of seasoned and experienced
elder statesmen whose advice
and political maturity would
not only be indispensable but
invaluable to the new civilian
administration when the time
comes.

Daily Star learnt that the ex-
politicians © who started
reporting as early as 7 am on
Saturday, were required to
submit fresh details of their
addresses and in some cases
deposit their passports.

It was also learnt that the ex-
Politicians were asked to report
again on July 14,

The state police Public
‘Relations Officer, Mr Olayinka
Balogun, confirmed that over
one hundred politicians have so
far reported out ot which about
25 had naa their passports
impounded, adding that the
disparity between the number
of politicians and the passports
arose because some of them,
had previously surrendered

their passports to security
agents.
Among those who have

reported were the former
Speaker of the state assembly,

(NPP) Chief ——_‘Hfeanyi
Enechukwu; former Chief
Whip’ (NPP),

Obiekwe} : Former: |, Minorityy:

27

ition,

Leader Ogbuibor Petrus
‘Agballah, (NPN) former party
chairman = Mr ‘Vincent
Ikeotuonye, and Dr Miriam
Ikejiani, former state Commis-
sioner for Lands, Survey and
Town Planning, (NPN).

Othgrs were former Informa-
tion Commissioner, Mr
Cyprian Ekwensi, in ‘Onoh’s
three months old administra-
former Commissioner
Maximus Ukuta, Chief Nweke
Anyigor,  Mr-” Ermanuel
Odawu, Dr Rogers Obi, Dr,
T.C.  Nwodo, Richard
Ndubude, and Fred Ogunaku
(NPP).



some plans of the second party congress. In view of this serious situation,
and because of the economic difficulties for the Angolan economy, the MPLA-
Labor Party Central Committee Political Bureau decided to carry out a series
of fiscal austerity measures concerning spending and controlling foreign
exchange expenses. This, comrades, implies that with a reduction in imports,
we will experience some shortages. We will experience a shortage of indus~
trial and other goods. This means, comrades, that we should not rely only
upon imported products. Cunene Province is very well known for its wealth
in the livestock and agricultural fields. Despite the criminal actions waged
by the South African racists against the people of this province, we noted
the militant goodwill of the people and their work in the production sector.
{end recording]

16662
cso: 3400/307



NIGERIA

PLAN FOR FARM JOBS FOR LAID OFF WORKERS ‘PRAISED

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 15 Jul 86 p &

[DAILY TINES Opinion"]

[Text]

INCF the down-turn of the economy made.

mess retrenchment virtually an. integral
part of our national life, employers seem not
to show sufficient interest about what
happens to the laid-off workers thereafter.
Ofton what ws ir, especially from govern-
ment circles, is formality appeal to them
to go back to the farm or to engage In any

other form of self-employment. Those who

make this exhortation are fully aware that
majority of Nigerians who lose their jobs
have not the wherewithal to start thelr own
businesses.

As a marked departure from this practice, °

which at best helps to enthrone desponden-
cy, Governor Fidelis Oyakhilome of Rivers
State has come up with yet another bright
Idea: office-to-land programme. Under this
scheme, workers to be retrenched by his
gov “.nment will automatically be «ven jobs
In state-managed farms. Thus, In the pli
idleness, ind psychological dis:
tion, the retrenched workers will find hope
ard relief.

19274

cso: 3400/144

42

This is not the first time that Governor Oyakhi-

lome Is evolving an idea aimed at practically

reducing unemployment In his state. As
everyone now knows, he was the architect of
the popular school-to-land

which thousands of school leavers hi n

gainfully engaged to work In the farms. The

immense success of this project recently

! attracted to the state President Ibrahim
Babangida who In addition to showering
praises on the programme gave the state
government half a miliion naira grant
gesture of the Federal Government's appre-
ciation of the scheme.

If we really want to drastically reduce unem-
ployment and boost our agricultural output,
the empirical measures already taken by
Governor Oyakhilome In this direction should
be emulated by all states. It is something to
cheer about that some states have already
taken serious Interest in his school-to-land
programme. No state. governor should be
ashamed to copy the good works of his
colleagues. For that is a sure way to rapid
development. «



ANGOLA

MPLA PARTY OFFICIAL ON THREATS, OIL PRICE DROP
MB121235 Luanda Domestic Service in Portuguese 1900 GMT 11 Jul 86

[Excerpt] Today in Castanheira de Pera, the provisional capital of Cunene
Province in Huila Province [as heard], Comrade Venancio Jacinto Chipoupa,
MPLA-Labor Party Central Committee secretary for administration and finance,
presided over a rally to enlighten the people on the country's present eco-
nomic and financial situation. Addressing the displaced residents of the
heroic Cunene Province, Comrade Venancio Chipoupa recalled the guidelines

of the party Political Bureau, issued shortly after the drastic fall in oil
prices on the international market, which called for observing fiscal auster-
ity measures and increasing production so that all sectors may contribute

to increasing foreign exchange earnings.

[Begin Chipoupa recording] At present; and since the second party congress,
our country has experienced a difficult situation in the political, military,
economic, and social fields. Furthermore, direct imperialist threats against
out country as well as its increasing interference in our internal affairs
are assuming increasingly dangerous proportions as part of attempts to de-
stabilize the People's Republic of Angola politically, economically and
militarily.

We are witnessing at the moment a policy of state terrorism backed by the
most reactionary American circles, an increase in direct military operations
by racist South Africa against the People's Republic of Angola, the multi-
faceted support provided by South Africa to the UNITA puppet gangs, and
political and diplomatic maneuvers and pressures to publicly upgrade the
political status of renegade Jonas Savimbi in order to include him in the
solution of southern African problems. [end recording]

[Announcer] Comrade Jacinto Chipoupa, a MPLA-Labor Party Central Committee
member, also said in his address in Castanheira de Pera, in Huila Province,
that a difficult economic situation exists worldwide due to the fall in oil
prices. He spoke about the consequences for Angola of the more than fifty
percent fall in oil prices.

[Begin Chipoupa recording] This implies necessarily a revision in our for-
eign exchange budget. This situation has jeopardized the implementation of



19274
cso:

3400/145

We however think this should not be
restricted to Abuja. It should cut across the
nation, and we make bold to add that the en-:
tire framework under which the area courts
operate be reviewed and overhauled to make
it consistent with the rising tide of our new
realities. .

The association in making the recommen-
dation contained in a memorandum to the
Armed Forces Ruling Council '(AFRC) said
that it was convinced that area courts were
being manned and presided over by men not
versed in the .

All this, esp
weighing cases has all too often given rise to
the arbitrariness and crudity of sentences
passed by area courts. A situation where the
stealing of a goat, for instance, incurs a long
sentence of 10 years while offences of greatei
magnitude are given lesser sentences stands
opposed to natural justice.

In matters ralating to the decongestion of
cases in our courts, the area courts have not
‘fared. any better in the complementary role
they are expected to play.

Rather than tackle the pressing problem of
congestion expeditiously, cases are randomly
accumulated, thus making the congestion
saga a story without an end. Their role in this
regard invariably becomes irrelevant.

Even in cases when justice is seemingly not
delayed, the inadequacies of these courts
often deny justice.

The Sunday Triumph therefore calls for the
coding of certain aspects of the major ma-
trix of our traditional practices while reorder-
ing the entire area courts to reflect the
judiciary.

Retired high court registrars and senior
police officers should be injected into these
courts while trained judicial staff should also
be recruited to the courts for proper record
keeping.

We believe the present antagonistic cir-
cumstances of area courts to the already
wavering wholesomeness of our judicial
system. must be fully re-examined, and every
possible conclusion drawn from it. The more
we allow the area courts to operate within
the present confines of their coarse arrange-
ment, the less likely are we to indemnify
what is left of the rich legacy of our entire
legal process.

We think government should feel extreme-
ly concerned now about the predominance of
the markedly harsh tendencies of area courts
over the profound development of our
judicial system and take appropriate steps.

36



MOZAMBIQUE

PEMBA WATER SUPPLY TO IMPROVE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Jun 86 p 3

{Text] The Pemba Water Company is installing five hydraulic pumps in the

Chuiba region, at the source of the water supply for the city of Pemba, so

as to increase the flow and minimize the serious problems that are currently
affecting the capital city of Cabo Delgado Province. When the work is completed,
which should be by the end of next month, the water flow will be increased

from the current 40 cubic meters per hour to 60 cubic meters per hour.

The installation of thefive pumps in Chuiba is the first step taken by the Proviu-
cial Government to minimize the effects of the decreased flow at the captation
site, which has affected thousands of residents, companies and public institu-
tions.

Meanwhile, the supply of this precious fluid through the normal distribution sys-
tem could reach a reasonable level when two more wells are drilled in Chuiba

in the next few months. The opening of these wells will bring the number

of sources of potable water to 13, but, according to. the company director,

it will still be necessary to ration the water distribution, because the situa-
tion will still not be completely stable.

The only definitive solution to the problem of Pemba's drinking water supply
would be the installation of a whole new system of supply and distribution.
There are reports of preliminary contacts with Italy and Denmark, to negotiate
an agreement for the installation of a new water supply system for the city
of Pemba.

At the moment, the Pemba Water Company has the capacity to exploit only 1,800
cubic meters of water per day, and this has been reduced temporarily to 655
cubic. meters because of the breakdown of five pumps. To meet the needs of
the population, estimated at 40,000 inhabitants, it would require more than
3,000 cubic meters of water per day.

In addition to a gradual reduction in flow from the aquifers and the [increased]
salinity from the infiltration of salt water, the situation is aggravated by
the fact that the distribution system is over 20 years old and has not received
any maintenance for half that time, The pipes are obsolete and break constantly
and, in many cases, repairs are impeded by the lack of funds.

6362
CSO: 3442/257

15



The ministers concluded that by announcing that the government is taking
every possible measure to reduce and control public spending. He said the
emphasis will be on the control of recurrent expenditure, in order to give
priority to development expenditure, and especially capital projects.

16662
CsO: 3400/306

10



SADF Spokesman Denies Impending Raid
(SAPA, 24 Jul 86)...

Cabinet Urged To Give Preference to Local Goods

(THE STAR, 23 Jul 86)......cseeeecccccecceee eee cece e eee e eens
Briefs
Afrikaners Urged To Control Schools
BLACKS
Greens Announce Support for ANC
(Hans Brandt; THE WEEKLY MAIL, 11-17 Jul 86).
Unrest Greatest in Soweto, Eastern Cape
(THE CITIZEN, 25 Jul 86). .ccceccccccccrcvccvcsccccsecsvescces
Crossroads Refugees' Prospect of Stability Termed Bleak
(Andrew Donaldson; CAPE TIMES, 7 Jul 86)....sceseccceccccseee
Black Businessman Says No Black Middle-Class Buffer
(David Breier; THE SUNDAY STAR, 13 Jul 86).........cccceeeeee
SOCLOPOLITICAL/OTHER

Classified Ads Permit Publication of Anti-Apartheid Statements
(THE STAR, 23 Jul 86)......ceccecccccccccccccccevecvecceeeses

Fingerprinting New Facet of Population Registration
(Keith Abendroth; THE CITIZEN, 25 Jul 86).......ceceseccsvees

Whites Split on Talks With ANC
(THE CITIZEN, 21 Jul 86)..... ce cce cece cece cece escceeceeecees

U.S. Favorite Place To Emigrate
(Garner Thomson; WEEKEND ARGUS, 5 Jul 86).

17 Million Blacks Arrested Under Pass Laws
(Estelle Trengove; THE STAR, 24 Jul 86)...ccccccececcccvccces

New Residence Rules Exclude Commuters
(THE STAR, 24 Jul 86)......-. ate neeeene tee eeeeceee eevee eoee

Nation's Architects Face International Isolation
(Deon Delport, Carol Lazar; THE SUNDAY STAR, 13 Jul 86)......

Experts Say Government Policies Destroying Family Life
(THE STAR, 9 Jul 86)..

67

69

70

71

72

73

75

79

81

82

83

84

85

86

88



CLAMPS IMPOSED ON KRUGERRAND SALES

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 19 Jul 86 p 11

[article by Peter Farley]

[Text]

19274
cso:

3400/326

. ‘ T 7

Clamps imposed yesterday on the sale of |...
Krugerrands to SA citizens, limiting the [=
total amount available to the local market j=
to 6000 ounces a week, once again under- |=
lines the country’s strained. foreign ex- | we
change resources, ~ oo |

From Monday, the 6000 ounces — in all } +0 z ze
denominations — will only be made avail | w=. [=n
able on a tender basis to those local banks |: 1984 19s¢
which already buy Krugerrands through F ~ — me
the primary distribution network. The surge in the rand price of Krugerrands.

And Intergold said last night, “Under the The results-of the tender will be made
new system, bids in multiples of 500 one" known through the Reuter monitor —
ounce coins, 750 half ounce, 2000 quarter though not the names of successful bidders
and 2500 one tenth ounce will have to be — and will be made available for purchase
submitted to Intergold by. 1lam the previ- on the second working day of the following
ous Friday.” * week. The banks will then make the coins

The minimum acceptable price for the available for on-selling to their clients.
bids submitted will be the average of the In the statement issued last night Inter-
preceding Thursday's London morning and gold said that the steps were necessary be-
afternoon gold fixes, plus the respective cause the demand for Krugerrands has
premiums already in place for each coin “continued at a particularly high level,
and multiplied by the exchange rate. draining off potential forex earnings.”

However, if demand is sustained at the In the past several methods of restricting
current rate — some recent weeks have sales to the local market have been tried.
seen more than 10000 ounces in Kruger- But, apart from the.small price premium
rands changing hands — it seems inevitable — ranging from three percent on a one
that bid prices could substantially exceed ounce coin to 18 percent on the one tenth —
those levels; these have all been lifted.

,
106



SOUTH AFRICA

INTELLIGENCE SERVICE REFUSES COMMENT ON NEWSPAPER REPORT
MB250508 Johannesburg SAPA in English 2020 GMT 24 Jul 86

[Text] Cape Town, 23 Jul (SAPA)--The Department of Intelligence in Pretoria
today declined comment on reports that U.S. and British intelligence agencies
had swopped information on the banned African National Congress with South
Africa in return for information on the Soviet and Cuban presence in Africa.

Approached to comment on the report published in THE NEW YORK TIMES this week,
Mr Christo Smith, Liaison officer for the intelligence service, said he had
"no comment."

South African experts said that information-swopping among intelligence agen-
cies was quite common.

This was the opinion of both Mr Leon Kok, director of the South African Insti-
tute of International Affairs in Johannesburg, and Prof Michael Hough, director
of the Pretoria-based Institute of Strategic Studies and an expert on revolu-
tionary warfare.

Mr Kok pointed out that the "leak" to a leading U.S. newspaper was "most un-
usual" in terms of the unwritten code of intelligence-swopping. The move could
be subject to several interpretations, he said.

It could either be a calculated leak to embarrass certain U.S. politicians or
it could reflect dissatisfaction inside the U.S. intelligence network that too
much information was being passed to South Africa.

The trading of information could also become a "political liability" and pos-
sibility lead to "distrust" among the intelligence groups.

Prof Hough said there was substantial evidence to indicate the Central Intelli-
gence Agency monitored ANC activities. It was also well-known that when South
Africa patrolled the coastline with the Shackleton aircraft it provided infor-
mation to NATO about Soviet submarine manouevres.

19274
cso: 3400/323

65



NIGER

GOVERNMENT PLAN TO AID AGRICULTURE DESCRIBED
Bamako L'ESSOR in French 20 May 86 p 4

[Text] The Nigerien authorities have decided to make of agriculture a
"priority of priorities," according to the Minister of that department, Mr
Allele Habidou, in order to attain the goal of self-sufficiency in food.

Responsible Nigerien officials, according to sources in the Ministry of
Agriculture, have currently been in the process of supplying seed to farming
areas estimated for Niger at 400 million hectares. Thus, some 3,300 tons of
millet, 450 tons of niebe, more than 2,000 tons of peanuts and 550 tons of
wheat are now at farmers' disposal.

To improve cultivation along river banks, projects have been set in train in
several departments, representing, according to the Ministry of Agriculture,
an investment of more than 80 billion CFA francs.

Emphasis has been placed also, it is stated from the same source, on fruit-
growing, and 120,000 fruit saplings will be offered to farmers to combat
the drying-up of land as well as to contribute to the food supply.

The Government has also decided to focus its efforts on agricultural chemicals
to improve the quantity and quality of future harvests.

The Ministry of Agriculture, which has made substantial agricultural materials
available to the farmers, as well as fertilizers, has placed the main emphasis
this year on topping for the promotion of plant health, so as better to protect
crops from insects and various diseases.

In fact, says the ministry, while the good rainy season this year has made
possible good harvests, it also brings with it a risk of insects or a variety
of parasitical diseases. For that reason, 75 tons of powdered insecticides
are being distributed. Three airplanes and several specially equipped trucks
have been assigned to spreading, sulfate spraying and other treatments. It
is estimated in the ministry that everything will be in final shape before
winter (the rainy season), which in Niger generally begins in June.

Brief showers have already made their appearance since the beginning of May
in certain regions of the country, promising a good rainfall in the Sahel.
12991/9435

CsO: 3419/283

20



BOTSWANA

FIRST IRAQI AMBASSADOR PRESENTS CREDENTIALS
MB101642 Gaborone Domestic Service in English 1610 GMT 10 Jul 86

[Text] The president, Dr Quett Masire, has told the newly accredited Iraqi
ambassador to Botswana, Mr (Al-Baydi), that Botswana believes in the peace-
ful resolution of conflicts and peaceful coexistence among nations of the
world, particularly between neighboring states. He was speaking at State
House this afternoon at a ceremony in which Mr (Al-Baydi) presented his
credentials. Dr Masire said it is a regret that such neighbors as Iraq and
Iran have to resort to war in an attempt to solve their problems. The
president added that it was his wish that the Governments of Iraq and Iran
would one day find a common basis on which to stop the war. Dr Masire noted
that Botswana was in a troubled region and concerned about the future,
adding that he was aware that the war between Iraq and Iran must weigh
much more on Ambassador (Al-Baydi). The president assured Mr (Al-Bayid) of
the government and people of Botswana's cooperation and assistance in his
efforts to strengthen the friendship between the two countries. Mr (Al-
Baydi) is the first Iraqi ambassador to Botswana.

In presenting his credentials, he said his country was confident that the

two countries, with common membership of the United Nations and the Non-
aligned Movement, will be helpful in achieving the lofty aims of bringing

the peoples of Botswana and Iraq together. The Government of Iraq, he said,
was profoundly appreciative and grateful for the support given by the Govern-
ment of Botswana to the Arab cause.

16662
cs: 3400/306



10-YEAR BAN ON FORMER POLITICIANS DISCUSSED

NAP Leader Comments

Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 7 Jul 86 p 17

[Text]

ANNING former pott-
ticians without taking

provide answers to
Broblems of greed. avarice
corruption in the

comtry.
Leader of the defunct

bership of the Organisation
of Islamic Conference
(OIC), the review panels on
jailed politicians and those
released conditionally s0 a8
not to cast doubts in the

10-year” ban, Dr.
Braithwaite warned that
the implementation should
be fair as to affect “only
politicians who have been
found ‘guilty of

He referred to newspaper

opinions which, he said,
demanded further clarity on

25

the order and remarked
that “the ban is clearly in
isolation of more urgent
‘and crucial national
matters and I believe that
for a truly genuine resolu-
tion of the problem of our

i we

for “

“revolutionary demon-
.cratisation”swhich, be said,

would come someday,
must

NIGERIA



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

WHITE MANUAL LABOR RECALLS DEPRESSION--White casual labourers are being seen
doing manual labour in South Africa for the first time since the depression of
the 30s. About 200 are in the 2 500-strong workforce employed by the
Johannesburg City Council at about R5 for a five-hour day. Staff Board
chairman Mr Japie Kitshoff said the men and women are being employed in terms
of the State Relief Scheme initiated by the Department of Manpower last year.
A percentage of the R600 million made available by the Government to give
relief to the thousands of unemployed was voted to local authorities, which
identified special projects in which workers could be used on a casual basis.
"Most of the 2 500 workers are blacks, mainly women. There are about 200
whites and about 600 coloureds,” said Mr Kitshoff. The casual workers are
transported by the council from pick-up points around the city. Starting and
finishing times are planned outside normal council hours so that the work
times of the regular staff are not disrupted. Originally, blacks queued at
pick-up points from midnight, hoping to get a day's work, starting at 8an.
“At that stage, the informal sector had already.moved in and set up stalls
selling porridge, meat and fruit to the workers," said Mr Kitshoff, "but with
the onset of winter we have changed the system so that most of them no longer
have to wait in the cold. “We now employ about 2 000 blacks as
semi~permanents and the remaining workers are accepted on a first come, first
served basis." Preference was given to older people with families. [Text]
Pohennesburg THE STAR in English 8 Jul 86 p 1] [Article by Shirley Woodgate]
13104 .

DEATHS AT 969--During the first six months of this year a total of 969 people
died in unrest-already an increase on the 879 who died in the 12 months of
1985, according to a monitoring group. The group, which says the South African
Institute of Race Relations is one of its main sources, says in its latest
newsletter that between January and June this year an average of 5,37 people
died every day, This was in stark contrast to the 2,46 people who died daily
in 1985, The monitoring group said it was estimated that around 3,500 people
had been detained between June 12 this year—the start of the latest emergency--
and July 12, This averaged out at 113 detentions a day, The figure was 61
percent up on the first four weeks of the 1985 emergency, when a total of
2,131 people had been detained--an average of 69 detentions a day, [Text]
{Johannesburg THE STAR in English 22 Jul 86 p 1] /9274

CSO: 3400/330

94



19317

al Declaration of Architects to
which SA is a signatory.

Aap intended amending the defi-
nition of ethics in the constitution
which would have prevented archi-
tects from “designing, constructing
or supervising” projects which were
used to promote apartheid. ”

The group is rebelling against ar-
chitects accepting contracts for the.
building of segregated schools,
homeland palaces, single-race hos-
tels, tricameral parliament building
and fortifications for police stations.

According to Mr van der Westhui-
zen the majority of architects at
the meeting felt their professional
body was not the “forum” to discuss
“political matters”.

‘The special meeting of the Trans-
vaal branch of the Institute of South
African Architects (ISAA) to debate
the issue was attended by 580 mem-
bers — the largest attendance in the
society’s history — of whom 300
voted in favour of, and 217 against,
the motion being thrown out “without
discussion. This means the ISAA
could be seemto support apartheid.

The part of the motion that
caused the stir read: * .

“,,. Every member of the ISAA

_shail... conduct himself profes-

sionally that In the rendering of ser-
vices to Individuals, institutions,
communities or governments of
states, he does nothing that may
be construed as giving support to

“the designing, construction or su-

pervision of projects the use of
which has the effect . . . of discrim-
inating against Individuals or
groups on the basis of race, colour,
sex, language, religion, Ideolo-

Said Mr Hans Hallen, past nation-
al president of the ISAA and council
member of the International Union
of Architects (TUA):

“We missed a golden opportunity
to discuss what we are doing to
help or change the situation in this
country. ~

cso: 3400/300

87

“The President of the country is
willing to speak to Bishop Tutu. I
think the fact that we refused to dis-
cuss the issue is shameful.”

Mr Schirmacher said: “What hap-
pened was disgraceful. We shall be
taking things further.”

But Mr van der Weshuizen, dis-
agrees: “Members had exercised
their democratic right in. voting that
the motion should not be put.

_ “ISAA has on more than one occa-
sion affirmed its support of the first
principle of the declaration made
by the IUA at its meeting held in
Warsaw in 1981. This principle rec-
ognises “...that every society has
rights to its identity and that human
settlements provide for all man’s
needs with a strong accent upon the
improvement of the quality of life.”

The meeting had decided “by a
good majority that it would have
nothing to do with the motion.

“The meeting believed the busi-
ness of the institute should be relat-
ed to architecture and to architects,
their interests and their welfare and
to this-only. It regarded the sub-
stance of the motion as far too close
to the political scene and not the
business of the institute. It felt the
motion. would impinge upon the
freedom of members to accept or
reject commissions according to the
dictates of their own conscience.”

Said Mr Glen Gallagher, past na-
tional president and member of the
National Board of ISAA: “There!
were people with two extreme’
views .— those radically in favour
and those radically opposed. A
strong group felt the motion should
be discussed because it may have
been able to be amended so that it
would be approved by both sides.

“architecture in South Africa has
always been a liberal profession and
this motion tends to show us as
being a reactionary group which is
simply not true.” _



BOTSWANA

BRIEFS

MINISTER ON EFFECT OF SANCTIONS--Gaborone, July 10, SAPA--The Botswana min-
ister of agriculture, Mr Daniel Kwelagobe, told a public rally in Gaborone
today that the people of Botswana should be prepared for retaliatory measures
by South Africa if the world imposed economic sanctions against that coun-
try. Mr Kwelagobe told his audience which included the president, Dr Quett
Masire, that such a threat by Pretoria could not be taken lightly, "because
if carried out, it would make life very difficult." Mr Kwelagobe said it
would be a "very difficult experience, but we must be prepared to face it."
South Africa was "making noise about its economic muscle," he said, and he
appealed to the people of Botswana to respond to government calls to utilise
available financial assistance. It was through active participation in
schemes such as the financial assistance policy and arrable assistance policy
given to the farmers by the government that the country could hope to counter
South Africa's economic threat against Botswana. [Text] [Johannesburg

SAPA in English 1127 GMT 10 Jul 86 MB] /6662

CSO: 3400/306



eral policy documents of the
union contending that these
were subversive statements.

Mr Fanaroff asked whether
possession of the Government
booklet “Talking to the ANC”
might be considered an offence
since the document might have
the effect of promoting the
ends of the ANC or engender-
ing hostility against it.

Mawu attorney Mr’ Peter
Harris of the Johannesburg

‘Thompson said in papers that
he tad approached police on
whether the Mawu statement
was subversive.

Tt was clear that the police,
man lie spoke to was no
better position to express saith
any degree of certainty wheth-
er "ne Statement might offend
the, emergency, regulations, Mr

Harris said.
5r concluded that my clients
*«» had to approach the Su-
preme Court,” he stated.

firm Cheadle, Haysom and

Subversive, Precisely Stated

The definition of a “subversive statement” — as contained in the
regulations governing South Africa’s third state of emergency —
‘Govers statements which are calculated or likely to have the effect
or:
Promoting any object of an unlawful organisation,
Ihciting the public or any person to participate in an unlawful
attike, take part in or support any boycott action, participate in
‘ny unlawful demonstration or gathering, perform any act of civil
disobedience or discredit or undermine the system of compulsory
inillitary service.

A statement is also subversive: one
‘OT it is calculated or likely to incite anyone to resistor oppose the
‘Government, any Minister, any official, any member of the police
, force, defence force or prison service in connection with any mea-
Sure adopted in terms of the emergency or.,in order to jo, maintain
‘public safety and order. .

i If it encourages disinvestment or sanctions. uo :
. “Of it is likely to create hostile feelings in the public or ‘any

section of the public towards any person or category of persons.

, it might undermine the confidence of the public in the termi-

ion of the state of emergency or ‘encourage anyone to‘act in a”
fay which endangers public safety and public order.

It is an offence to produce a “subversive statement”, to dissemi-:
ite or make it public in any way — or even just to possess it..

93



ORGANIZATION FORMED TO COMBAT ESCALATING UNEMPLOYMENT

Operation Unemployment Projects Described

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Jul 86 p 12

{Article by Lesley Cowling

[Text]

Operation Employment, formed last year at a public
meeting to combat escalating unemployment, has
“begun a number of projects to alleviate unemploy-
ment problems. “
The organisation, which consists of a board of six
jand an organiser with three voluntary helpers, has”
‘focussed on six areas. These are: Neg od
@ Projects providing permanent or temporary em-
ployment for large numbers of the unemployed.
“We are investigating a number of schemes which
could generate work,” says Mrs Beryl Scafo, organi-
ser of Operation Employment. ‘ of
“For example, although the demand for domestic
servants has dropped, the demand for washing and
ironing has increased. So we're thinking of starting
laundries that ex-domestics can work at, taking in
washing.”

@ Assisting in the development of home industries.

and small businesses. Sot: 7
Operation Employment makes initial capital avail-
able to the people who want to start small businesses,
without putting too many bureacratic obstacles in the
way, says Mrs Scafo. ron

It is also starting a market in Waverley for unem-
ployed people to sell crafts and home-made products

_ bo encourage the development of craft making.

@ Counselling groups for unemployed people.
Operation Employment has two counselling groups
once a week, one in Alexandra and one ini-Sydenham.:
These are attended by volunteer social workers and
psychologists. . he
@ Collecting and providing information on,the unem-

. ployment situation. . poi i
The organisation has‘ the support of academics in '
many universities throughout the country, who are:
doing research on unemployment.
' “They send us the information and we use it and,
try to pass jt on to the public,” Mrs:Scafo says." 5°

98

SOUTH AFRICA



CIVIL AVIATION TRAINING CENTER--The Commandant of the Nigerian Civil Aviation
Training Centre (CATC) Zaria, Group Capt Haruna Aziz, said on Monday that the
centre would soon start air shuttle services from Zaria to Kaduna, Jos and
Kano in a bid to generate revenue and offer convenient services to air
travellers within the area. Welcoming the Minister of Aviation, Brig J. T.
Useni, who visited the centre, the commandant said that a Task Force on
revenue collection had been set up by the centre to identify areas where
savings could be made and to recommend areas where the centre could offer
technical services. Group Capt Aziz urged the ministry to look for solutions
to the acute shortage of aircraft spare parts in the country, noting the
problem had disrupted flight training programmes and caused the extension

of duration of courses for pilots. He said that the few available training
equipment were inadequate, outdated and unreliable. Group Capt Azi revealed
that the centre had started night flights using "bush lamps" to serve as run-
way landing lights as a result of lack of facilities. The commandant said that
although the method was crude, it had greatly reduced the cost of organising
night-flying exercises. He further said that the centre planned to begin jet
training operations for the rapid conversion of pilots to more advanced jet
aircraft. Group Capt Aziz said that plans were also underway to purchase and
install a Boeing 737 simulator in addition to the existing F28 simulator used
for training at the centre. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 9 Jul 86
pp 1, 13] /9274

AIR FARES INCREASE EXPLANATION--The recent 40 percent increase on air fares
by the Ministry of Transport and Aviation was prompted by the removal of sub-
sidy on petroleum by the Federal Government. Air commodore Okpere gave this
explanation while defending the air fare increase., According to him, before
the oil subsidy was withdrawn, aviation fuel cost 9.9k per litre but it has
risen to 30k for the same quantity which in turn has "a profound effect on
Nigerians." Aviation fuel, he said, cost more in Nigeria than elsewhere
because it was even cheaper to buy it from Ghana than in Nigeria. "We have

to buy our spares, maintain our aircraft, pay workers' salaries and we want to
break even, The only way we can wade through this is by increasing air fares.
"It is still cheaper to fly in Nigeria than any other place in the world be-
cause of the much more social then commercial services the Nigerian Airways
render to Nigerians; the national carrier boss pointed out. Air Commodore
Okpere, however, thanked the Federal Government for approving only 30 percent
instead of the 70-80 percent proposed by the airways. On the possibility of
future fare increases, the national carrier's director said it would depend on
the position of the naira if the second-tier market proposed by the government
becomes functional. [Text] [Lagos DAILY TIMES in English 10 Jul 86 p 17]
19274 .

OIL REFINERIES EXPANSION--The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC)

is to increase the installed capacity of the Kaduna and Warri refineries by 10
and 25 percent respectively, the general manager of the Kaduna Refinery, Mr
Babajide Soyode, has said. Speaking to the Press in Kaduna over the weekend,
Mr Soyode said the exercise would increase Kaduna's present refining capacity
from 100,000 to 110,000 barrels a day and Warri's from 100,000 to 125,000
barrels a day, Mr Soyode said that the increase in production capacity is nec-
essary because the country still imports paraffin based crude oil from Kuwait
and Venezuela. Nigeria's oil he said is not suitable for the manufacture of

61



SOUTH AFRICA

SADF SPOKESMAN DENIES IMPENDING RAID
MB241232 Johannesburg SAPA in English 1155 GMT 24 Jul 86

[Text] Pretoria, 24 Jul (SAPA)--The SA Defence Force [SADF] said today it
was not prepared to react to reports emanating from Nigeria which stated
that the Defence Force might raid neighbouring countries at the end of the
month,

Zimbabwe's ZIANA NEWS AGENCY reported this week that "a Western Europe cor-
respondent" of the NIGERIAN NEWS AGENCY learned about such plans from "au-
thoritative sources" in London and from "a confidential report."

A Defence Force spokesman said in Pretoria that the SADF was not prepared
to react to allegations which were obviously aimed at maximum propaganda,
especially in the light of the current visit to Southern Africa by the
British foreign secretary, Sir Geoffrey Howe.

The ZIANA NEWS AGENCY reported that South African Defence Forces might carry
out raids on neighbouring countries on or about 30 July, after Sir Geoffrey
had left Pretoria. According to "a confidential report" made available to
the Nigerian correspondent, Pretoria's initial refusal to meet Sir Geoffrey
was because South Africa had completed plans for the attack and feared em-
barrassing the statesman. The report said that "the arrest last week of
alleged ANC fighters by South African troops was designed to give cover for
the attacks," The report also said that South Africa was now applying
sanctions against Botswana far more comprehensive than those the Commonwealth
Eminent Persons Group had recommended against Pretoria.

The "racist regime" was doing its best to ensure that vital oil supplies did
not reach some of the Frontline States, the report said, but added that some
of Africa's oil producing countries and Saudi Arabia were presently mapping
out plans for assistance te such countries,

The Defence Force spokesman said the SADF had no quarrel with its neighbours.
"On the contrary, the Defence Force actively wishes to live in peace with
every country in the region. However, when the Defence Force takes action

it is directed at ANC terrorists and terrorists nests, wherever they may be
hidden or harboured. These are the people who plant bombs next to bus stops,
inside coffee bars and outside crowded nightclubs, killing and maiming innocent
people of all races, including children as young as two weeks old."

67



MOZAMBIQUE

DEPUTY MINISTER ENDS VISIT TO INIIAMBANE
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 28 Jun 86 p 3

[Text] Isaias Muhate, vice minister of transportation and communications,
recently ended a l-week working visit to Inhambane Province to study the prob=
lems that affect the companies and agencies under his ministry.

Regarding his visit to Inhambane, Muhate said: "We wanted to make the province
a laboratory [for the study] of the various problems which the country is
experiencing in the areas of transportation and communications." The statement
was made during a meeting with the Provincial Government at the end of the
minister's visit to Inhambane.

The vice minister's trip to this area of the country was also occasioned by
the delivery of four barges donated by the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the
Provincial Government, under the pragram of emergency aid to the victims of
the drought. The four vessels, which were baptized Pambarra 1, 2, 3 and 4,-
will be under the control of both parties for 2 years. At the end of this
period, they will be the property of the Maritime and River Transport Company
of Inhambane Province, which is being created at this time.

In an interview granted to our correspondent, Vice Minister Nuhate reported
that the process of reorganizing the Southern Nozambique Highway Enterprise
(ROMOS) has been launched, in the expectation of turning it into provincial
enterprises in Maputo, Gaza and Inhambane provinces.

The vice minister added that, with this reorganization, the three companies

to be formed will be given the capacity to function correctly in the areas

of investment, management and cadre training. He said a liquidation commission
would be appointed within the ministry, which will determine the assets of
these new companies.

Muhate noted that this process will coincide with the reorganization of the
Directorate of Highway Transport, within the ministry.

The vice minister added that there are plans to create TPU (Urban Public Trans-
port) systems in Inhambane and Maxixe.

During his stay in the province, Isaias Muhate visited companies and agencies
under the control of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications in the
cities of Inhambane and Maxixe..

6362

CSO: 3442/257
12



LACK OF INVESTMENT COULD LEAD TO HIGHER UNEMPLOYMENT

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Jul 86 p 5M

(Article by Michael Chester]

{Text ]

A dramatic slump in fixed investment in the South African business
sector has caused a growing number of economists to voice alarm

over the threat of.still worse unemployment problems pouring into |

the pipeline.

‘They add a warning that the more prolonged thé slide in invest"

ment flows — especially into the industrial sector — the faster the
erosion of chances to create the 300 000 new jobs needed every year
until the turn of the century even to hold the lid on the unemploy-
ment cauldron. .
Moreover, researchers are concerned that trends cannot all be
blamed on overseas political pressures. Evidence is.mounting that
investors at home are showing equal reluctance to pledge cash for
business expansions or new industrial or commercial ventures.
Researchers at the Sanlam insurance company have revealed
that gross domestic investment is at its slowest pace since the early
0s. .

Particular concern has been voiced over a plunge in fixed invest-
ment in the manufacturing sector from R4 334 million in 1980 to
only R2 328 million last year. wn. 4 .

Sanlam says dismay turns to alarm when analyses make room
for spending on the mere replacement of existing assets — the

Simple rénewal of worn out or obsolete equipment-in factories and
‘offices — and concentrates on expenditure on actual expansion or
new ventures. .

‘At current prices, even making allowance for the shrinkage of
purchasing power because of inflation and devaluation of the rand
exchange rate, overall net domestic investment has slumped from
about R15 billion in 1980 all the way down to below R5 billion last

year. :
The downward slide has worsened in 1986. Liberty Life, another

insurance giant with vast industrial interests, has noted with equal _

alarm that gross fixed investment dropped
the first three months of the year. 2
*” Compared with a year ago, it was down a further 9 percent in the
private sector, despite all the capital expenditure in the mines, and
an even sharper 18 percent in the public sector.

“Thé trend of reducing investment in our infrastructual re-
sourcés,” says a fretful mid-year review by Liberty Life, “must
inevitably shrink our production capacity per capita and our future
employment creating potential.”

*

further 13 percent-in

FS
REPEATED MISMANAGEMENT 7"
Nor can the decline of new fixed investment be blamed entirely

‘on the current entanglement of international political hostility,

95

SOUTH AFRICA



Peanuts are grown in association with manioc. According to the peasants,
Kakara (a typical manioc disease) does not affect the peanut yield. To demon-
ptrate the methods of combating Kakara, a series of slides has been prepared,
which will be shown in seminars in the villages.

Foreign varieties of peanut, such as "Flamingo," “Reed Makulo," "Egret" and
"Senegal," are also being introduced in small quantities. The Provincial
Peanut Program is also promoting rabbit-raising in the region.

6362
CSO: 3442/257

7



NIGERIA

MANUFACTURERS' ASSOCIATION HEAD DISCUSSES SECOND TIER EXCHANGE

Lagos BUSINESS TINES in English 7 Jul 86 pp 1, 16

{Article by Roseline Umesi]

[Text ]

ECOND Tier Fore-
ign Exchange:
Market which the go-
vernment intends to
introduce as a source
of generating foreign
exchange is the only
option left with the
government as a
means of reviving the .
economy, according
to industrialists.
However, the govern-
ment must devise a
method of contending
the high inflationary
rate which would
accompany the policy.”
The Executive Direc-
tor of Manufacturers
Association of Nigeria
(MAN) Dr. Oladapo’
Fafowora told the
Business Times
week that any policy
which eliminated import
licence requirement is
accepted.

He however, warned

against the high
inflationary rate which
will accompany the
Second Tier Foreign
Exchange rate. He
predicted that the infla-

tionary “rate would
increase between 300 to

*400 per cent.

For example, he
used the price of a beetle
car to illustrate. In his’.
,own view, where he

people can afford to buy
cars. He said that as
Jong as any product
very high
-imported components or
eputs fnat toe Brice is

He aa ‘that under
demand management
policy which the govern- .
ment is | going to intro-

‘closures . for

” Furthermore, he

stated that the new
system will eliminate
false life which many
people have been living.
In any case Dr. Fafo- |
wora said that it is only ;
the government which i
will work out the;
modalities.on how’ to,

evils

‘unemployment rate.
following ©‘ factories*
those
companies which may’
not afford to buy:
enough * foreign

Dr. Fafowora also
want the government to
define who should trade

in the market. He.

suggested that majority”,
the exchange

require import licence,
because the use
import licence to allo-
_cate foreign exchange
has been misused and
abused.

* Chief Shonekan said
that the system should
ibe givena trial because

Even the companies
which have got their
1986 import licences are
not able to place orders
for imports because
there are no credit lines.
He said that many
companies have

in business as
a result of the old stock
i they have.

He projected that

, about N4 billion will be
i injected into the market.
And he believes that
‘such amount is
adequate because only

cost of
reduce
imporation and waste.
Even the traders, he


DET TO REVISE BLACK ENROLLMENT FIGURES

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 22

(Text ]

THE Department of Edu-
cation and Training will
use its new enrolment fig-
ures to revise its assess-
ment of the number of
Black pupils in South
Africa, currently esti-
mated at 1,7 million.

‘A Department spokes-
man, Mr Peter Mundell,
said in Pretoria yesterday

19274
cso: 3400/330

the Department would
consider figures obtained
by the end of this week as
reflecting the number of
Black pupils in South
Africa.

The figure of 1,7 mil-
lion Black pupils the De-
partment had been using
when it said that more
than 80 percent of pupils
had returned to schools
would therefore be ad-
justed,

‘The figure was based
‘on the number of pupils
that had been expected t to
enroll at South Africa’s
7000 Black schools in
January, and was no long-
er realistic, Mr Mundell
said.

Black children were not
compelled by law, as
Whites, to attend schools,
he said.

Black pupils country-
wide had been given till

91

Jul 86 p 14

Friday this week to re-
register.

The registration drive
by the Department is part
of a massive programme
to solve the unrest prob-
lem at Black schools and
to “normalise” education
under security measures,
including a security card-
carrying system and a ban
‘on students ‘representa-

SOUTH AFRICA

tives council meetings.

Mr Mundell said that,
“as things stand at this
moment, no specific
school is being considered
for closure”.

He scotched reports
that teachers at troubled
schools were currently at
tisk of losing their jobs or
being transferred to other
schools.



ISLAMIC POLITICAL SYSTEM PROPOSED AS ALTERNATIVE

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 28 Jun 86 p 16

{Article by Bala Mohammed]

[Text]

THE President of the Cou

ment of an Islamic political
system would not be new to
Nigeria since it had operated in
most parts of the country before
the advent of colonialism.

He said the system was
established as a result of the
Jihad by Sheikh Usman Dan-
fodivo who preached the
teachings of the Koran, and
Hadith. ;

Dr. Ibrahim said at a meeting
of the council in Kaduna that all
the other political systems that
Nigeria operated thereafter did
not ensure justice or meet the
aspirations of the people. He said
this was because the alien
political systems were at

19274

cso:

3400/145

v ‘e with the culture and
traditions of Nigeria

Dr. Ibrahim said we have been
tising colonial political systems to,
run our lives to dale, adding that
whether it was the parliamentary
system of Byitain, the presiden-
tial system of America or com-
munism, people worshipped peo-
ple through laws forced upon
them.

He said in an Islamic system
however, Allah is Supreme’
because he created everything.
established laws and shotild be
obeyed. He said the duties of
Jeaders and judges was to explain

Allah's instructions and ensure

that they are carried out accor- :

dingly. .
Dr. Ibrahim said there was
need for Muslims to speak ouf on

29

NIGERIA

issues that affect them and those
which violate Islamic injunc-
tions, adding that complying with
Allah's instructions was above
everything else to Muslims.

He said it was unfortunate that
Christians misconstrued
Nigeria's membership of the
Organisation of Islamic Con-
ference (OIC) to mean turning
the country into an Islamic state.
. He called on the Ulama and
Muslims to support their brothers
and sisters in the southern part of
the country who are calling for
the application of the Sharia. He
said this did not mean that sharia
would be forced on non-moslems.



MOZANBIQUE

NIASSA LEADER ON CONDUCT OF SOLDIERS
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese 3 Jul 86 p 3

(Text] Major General Mariano Matsinha, director of Niassa Province, said
recently in that part of the country that the purpose of the popular militias
is to defend the population and not to attack it and, therefore, the militia-
men should be chosen from among the best citizens in the area. Matsinha was
Speaking at a popular rally, held on 24 June, signalling the inauguration of
the new administrative headquarters of Lichinga, now functioning in Chimbonila.

At that rally, in which the participants included, among other party and govern-
ment cadres, Colonel Bernardo Moises Goi-Goi, military commander of Niassa
Province, Mariano Matsinha declared that any soldier who commits any irregular-
ity against the civilian population should be reported immediately and punished
as an example to others.

The official justified this position by saying that “our army is not meant
to attack the people but to defend them."

The responsibility for upholding the standards of conduct which govern the
Mozambican soldier was assigned to the district administrators, who have an
obligation to see that the pohicy of our party is respected; i.e.: "to protect
the people and ensure the economic, social and cultural development of the
country."

Regarding the conduct of the militiamen, Mariano Matsinha said the latter could
not be hippies, thieves or vagrants; he added that those who threaten the people,
who go around drunk and who fire their weapons without justification should

be disarmed and dismissed from the corps.

During the rally, Matsinha thanked the inhabitants of the locality of Lione,
Lichinga District, and praised them for their courage; when they observed irregu-
lar conduct among the soldiers stationed in that zone, they held a meeting and
decided to form a committee which later went to speak to the province director,

“We arrested and punished their commander," Matsinha declared, adding that
“we did this because the public had the courage to report the irregularities,
which enabled us to take corrective action, thus improving the performance
of our forces."

13



SMALL FARMERS TO GET DIRECT LOANS

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 19 Jun 86 p 16

[Article by Adebisi Adekunle]

[Text]

ABOUT 40,000 famers are
to benefit from the 40 million
Naira direct small holder
scheme farming loan of the
Nigerian Agricultural and Co-
operative Bank (NACB) this
year.

Managing Director of
NACB, Malam Hamman Bello
Mohammed, told the New
Nigerian in Sokoto that small-
scale farmers and wage earners

19274

cso:

3400/145

could be the main beneficia-
fies of the loan. ;

He said machinery for the
disbursement of the loan had
been set in motion to open six
locations in each of the states.

He said the fund would be in-
creased from the present 40
million Naira d ing on the
number of fresh applications
received by the q

Alhaji Mohammed said he
favoured the direct disbursement
of loan to farmers by banks and
said the prevfous methods of
disbursement of the loan through
state governments, was faulty.

He said problems of the
recovery of such loans was not
with the farmers but with the

agencies responsible for
disbursement and recovery who
he said of the over 300 million
Naira owed the bank by states
since its inception in 1976 only 3
states, Sokoto, Bauchi and Kano
have made some progresg in the

ie cald as of now’
‘said as of now the-most pro-

57

NIGERIA

blematic states in the repayment
of the loan were Oyo and Ondo
states who were yet to make any
efforts. He appealed to the
federal government to persuade
the state governments to start
repaying the loans.

‘The managing director who
said his immediate priority for
now was to put as much
resources as possible to ensure
that the bank activities went down
to the grassroots, added that this
would he achieved throush
developments administratively
and support services.

He said to get the farmers at
the grassroots, he would work
towards getting relationship with
state government-owned
cooperative banks by using their
branches network for credit
delivery.

He said the NACB would en-
courage the banks to open bran-
ches in all local government
areas and “where they are
known, we will come in
help.”



SOUTH AFRICA

UPGRADE OF CAPE RAIL LINKS PLANNED .

Johannesburg THE CITIZEN in English 25 Jul 86 p 13

[Text] CAPE TOWN. — A
R250 million project to
revamp the Cape Flats
commuter rail network,
providing a service to
Khayelitsha and relieving
congestion’ on the Mit-
chells Plain line, has been
unveiled by South Afri-
can Transport Services.

Four stations will be
demolished during the
next few years, to make
way for new track. Some
will be rebuilt although
some are already out of
use.

Ten new stations and
several bridges will be
built or extended.

The main aims are to
extend the line to
Khayelitsha and relieve
congestion on the Mit-

. chells Plain and Sarepta
lines, according to SATS
resident engineer for the
Western Cape, Mr Peter
Lombard.

Work on the four-part
project has begun and
should be complete by
‘August, 1989.

Rail links between
Khayelitsha and Kuils
River as well as extending
the Khayelitsha line —
due to be finished in 1988
— to Swartklip on the,
False Bay coast are being
considered.—Sapa.

19274

cso: 3400/330 END

110



Unrest Increases in Johannesburg Township Schools
(THE STAR, 21 Jul 86)......eeeeeee errr eee ere eee ee eee

Students Said 'More Militant', by Claire Robertson
DET Authorities Deny Closing

DET To Revise Black Enrollment Figures
(THE CITIZEN, 22 Jul 86)...cceccesscscescccsccccccsevevececes

Mawu Challenges Emergency; Government Booklet Cited
(Jo-Anne Collinge; THE STAR, 9 Jul 86)

Briefs
White Manual Labor Recalls Depression
Deaths at 969

ECONOMIC

Lack of Investment Could Lead to Higher Unemployment
(Michael Chester; THE STAR, 24 Jul 86).....--eeeeeeeee eecoees

Organization Formed To Combat Escalating Unemployment
(Lesley Cowling; THE STAR, 24 Jul 86)..... eee cceccersccceece

Operation Unemployment Projects Described
Market for Crafts Established

Economist Says Investment Set To Decline Again
(THE CITIZEN, 17 Jul 86)...

Disposable Income Drops One Percent Per Year
(Stan Kennedy; THE STAR, 22 Jul 86)....seeeeeeree ec e eee eenee

Gold Mines Increase Profits in Second Quarter
(Sven Lunsche; THE STAR, 19 Jul 86)..........+- eer rrr

Clamps Imposed on Krugerrand Sales .
(Peter Farley; THE STAR, 19 Jul 86).....sseeesereceeeerceeees

Queenstown Factory Production Linked to GM
(Denise Boutall; THE WEEKEND POST, 5 Jul 86)..

Mining, Communications Sectors Strong
(Sheryl Raine; THE STAR, 22 Jul 86)....sccseeeceseeccreeccece

Briefs
Irish Bank Pulls Out

Maize Export Figures
INDUSTRIAL/S&T

Upgrade of Cape Rail Links Planned
(THE CITIZEN, 25 Jul 86).......

16539 -f-

89

89

90

91

92

94
94

106

107

108

109
109

110


UNREST INCREASES IN JOHANNESBURG TOWNSHIP SCHOOLS

Students Said 'More Militant’

Johannesburg THEiSTAR in English 21 Jul 86 p 1

{Article by Claire Robertson]

(Text ]

Unrest at schools in Johannesburg's biack townships continues
‘to worsen, with 50 incidents of violence at schools reported last
week.

Department ‘of Education authorities have hinted that schools
may be closed down if unrest continues.

Mr Gunther Merbold, Johannesburg regional director of the *
DET, said today there had been 50 incidents of teachers and pupils
being molested, forcibly prevented from going to school, and of the
controversial pupil ID cards being burnt. ~

“Qutside elements” were responsible, he said. °° %

In Alexandra, there was a complete stayaway primary seen .
pupils on Friday, Mr Merbold said. a an

‘It is not yet known whether those pupils will return this week. . ‘

Several Soweto teachers aré reported to be concerned that ©
schools may be closed down for the rest of the year if unrest con- ,
tinues. This follows a recent statement to this effect from Minister
of Education and Development Aid Dr Gerrit Viljoen.

+ Schools have until Friday to “settle down”, otherwise “appropri-
ate steps will have.to be taken”, said Mr Merbold. This is also the
degdline for registration of ‘pupils —.who face never registering at

> #DET school again if they do not do so this week.

As well as widespread burning of the ID cards at Vaal schools
last week, teachers at some schools in Soweto have been told by
, Pupils that they would be made to eat the identity documents.

¢ A teacher at a school in Meadowlands said this threat was made
& by the pupils who had accused them of meekly submitting to the,
* instruetions of the Department of Education and Training.

“We were told by the pupils if we insisted on giving them the.
identity documents they would force us to eat them,” he said. 3

The teacher added that pupils seemed to be far more militant
than they were last term and he blamed the introduction ofthe
identity documents for the existing state of affairs.

Mr Merbold said while the DET had made some progress in
catching op lost time last term, this term “we have a real prob-
Jem’

: Teachers have complained that they are being harassed by both
pupils and by the Department of Education and Training.

Reacting to reports that police had “chased pupils into school” in
one Soweto incident, Mr Merbold said there was a police prescence
at some schools, but they were not there to “chase pupils out or in”.

“They are there:to keep the unwanted element. Out — = andj ‘to
make rf safe for children to attend school,” he said.“

89

SOUTH AFRICA



19274
cs0:

establish places of worship in
the barracks.

Then just last month, a new
order was given. Specifically, it
banned soldiers from belonging
to a nascent religious sect that
takes one Guru Maharaji-ji as its
Perfect Master. According to the
National Concord the military
authorities are disturbed about
the activities of this sect which
seems to have infiltrated the
rank and file of the Army as well
as other security agencies.

Consequent upon the ban, an
army officer, Captain A. 0. Apara
was reported to have resigned
his commission as a ‘regular
combatant officer. He claimed
in his letter of resignation that
Guru Maharaji-ji was his
“saviour” without whom he
would have died from persistent
attacks of evil spirits.

On the face of it, espcially
considering the human rights
josture of the Babangida Admi-
istration, the ban Is easily a
contradiction in terms. Whether
civilian or military, it is an in-
dividual’s fundamental human
ight to subscribe to whatever

igious belief that appeals to
jis conscience. Moreso in a

cular state such as Nigeria.

till we believe that the state
cannot completely close its
eyes to the beliefs of its citizens
especially when such beliefs
pose potential danger to na-.
tional security.

3400/144

34

dn our view there is certainly
a_clear and present danger in
altowing the Guru Maharaji-ji
gect to infiltrate the Army the
way It has done. The military
faces the problem of double
yalty from members of this
sect who are known to owe
such an amazing fanatical
allegiance to their ‘‘saviour-
master.” Problems of loyalty
for our officers will certainly
arise when the Guru decides to
go against state power.
nation has definitely had
enough from religious fanatics.
The harrowing experiences of
the Maitatsine sect are still
within memory: with the
Maharaji-ji_ infiltrating our
military establishment the
possibility for a much, bloodier
clash exists. This, therefore,
ts clearly one instance in which
national interest must override
an individual’s human rights
which in any case has never
been absolute. We praise the
military authorities for their
promptness: in averting the
potential disaster. But we must
add that if investigations reveal
other things more frightful, a
total proscription of the sect
will be desirable. This and other
esoteric sects that attempt to
tear our society apart by
employing techniques of mind
control over adherents must not
be allowed to exist.


@ A bar chart prepared by San-

lam economists shows in stark

GROSS DOMESTIC FIXED INVESTMENT - fi culling hew Investment in 2
(AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH) = the mene te when sponding on

the mere replacement of basic

1961-1970__ 1971-1980 __1981-1985. ore taken ewoy. 1 @ hock

ome! out a trad

PRIVATE 8,4 3,8 —0,5 i record that shows how the aver-
PUBLIC 79 age annual growth in gross

domestic fixed investment has
swung from positive to nega-
tive since the 1960s.

NET DOMESTIC INVESTMENT
AT CURRENT PRICES

* 15000

PARSE AME

rire ake

ii

Preceriisaaras

96



NIGERIA

EXECUTION, AMPUTATION AS METHODS AGAINST ARMED ROBBERY DISCUSSED
Police Chiefs Oppose Execution
Lagos SUNDAY TIMES in English 13 Jul 86 p 3

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