some work in seven months in that MMM/PSM/OPR government./ And I do know

ro government in the world could have done better than that MMM/PSM/OPR
government, considering the state of the country we inherited and where we
are now after seven months. When we took over this country, it was on its
knees, and we have restored the people's confidence. Today, workers have
obtained that employers will recognize their unions and their right to
strike. Elections are guaranteed to take place at the end of each five-year
period. By-elections will again be held. The people have been given back
legislative, municipal, village elections and by-elections. Democracies,
the English, the French, the Americans, ‘see Mauritius as an example after
the first seven months of our government. In foreign policy, we were on
our knees before the English and the Americans. What was it that Ramgoolam,
Duval, Boolell and others like them'used to say before the elections: '/Vote
MMM and we will be tied up with Libya.'/ Libya, they said, was going to take
over Mauritius. Now, a great lady like Mrs Gandhi made it her duty to call
onus. Throughout the world, the Americans, the English, the French, the
Libyans, the Indians see our country, Mauritius, as a truly independent, tru:
ly nonaligned country. They all respect our small island."

Corruption and Waste

“Have you forgotten the Singhania jewels? No, you do remember. And the
Glover report? And the Lallah report that was published recently? Do you
remember what happened to the 21,000 unfortunate workers that had been hired
before the elections! And, more recently, the David report on the Nouvelle-
France factory. /To the last hour, there was corruption, comrades, corrup-
tion and nepotism./ I am not telling you that it all disappeared in seven
months, but in seven months we have not only successfully fought against
corruption and waste, we have been giving an example of what sacrifices
efforts and sacrifices--mean. /We are the ones who can give an example./
The ministers of this MMM/PSM/OPR government and the deputies have not
received salaries, They have reduced their own salaries. /Duty-free, cars,
whisky, we took none of that. We do not keep working hours./ The days when
I am not going to a. meeting, I leave my office at 17:50, 19:00, 20:00; I
don't even know what time it is when I leave. I am not complaining, because
it is our duty to fight against corruption and waste and give an example to
this country."

Communalism

"/With former government leaders, you would live under communalism./ They
propagated communalism. What did we do in seven months of government? Large
sports clubs changed their names of their own free will. This Mauritian na-
tion has progressed. We are not saying that this country should not respect
the cultures, languages and religions of our comrades. /No, we do respect
them, but communalism did lose ground./ You no longer see ethnic parties.
This era has been buried for ever because our country has made progress
against communalism. As far as culture is concerned, there was no minister
of culture before. Today, we have a young man, Rama Poonoosamy, who is
ensuring the development of a Mauritian culture. In the field of education,
an investigation communication chaired by Judge Glover was instituted to
rethink the whole system. /In seven months, we accomplished a lot./"

14



SOUTH AFRICA

BUTHELEZI SAYS LAND DEAL WOULD DESTABILIZE REGION
MBO71323 Mbabane THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND in English 7 Mar 83 p 16

[Text] Ulundi--If the South African government went ahead with the Swazi
land deal it would destabilise the whole of southern Africa, Chief Gatsha
Buthelezi has said.

The chief minister of Kwazulu, who was delivering his policy speech at the
Kwazulu Legislative Assembly, said it was absurd but remained a possible
reality that the South African government would attempt to jettison over a
million black South Africans.

Swaziland would have its population more than doubled and in this single
act South Africa would make a dependency out of Swaziland, and the Paul
Kruger dream of incorporating Swaziland into South Africa would become a
reality.

Chief Buthelezi said the Swaziswere already jittery and were bending over
backwards to placate Pretoria, to the extent that any refugees with ANC
leanings were being flushed out of Swaziland.

Swaziland's administrative infrastructure, its financial resources, its
civil service capacities, its administrative ability to maintain internal
peace would be so overstressed by doubling its population that it would
become totally dependent on Pretoria's assistance.

Swaziland would become an extension of apartheid and she would subjugate
her future to the will of the national party.

The area of unrest in South Africa would be extended to beyond its borders
and the Swazis would find themselves under a harsh apartheid regime which
had to employ brute force to maintain stability.

The additional population would be deeply resentful. They would be antag-
onistic to every circumstance which surrounded them and they would become
unmanageable and ungovernable.

There would be a severe deterioration in Swazi-Zulu relationship and also
Zulu-Afrikaner relationship.

35



respect the sovereignty of Chad and try to work for the unity of the con-
tinent. President Abdon Diouf also expressed his willingness to unite the
two African blocs--the progressive and moderates. If we had used the time de-
voted to the Western Sahara and Chad for the implementing of the Lagos plan of
action of a (?cultural charter), our continent would move forward.

President Abdou Diouf stated finally that serving the Senegalese people, to
him, is a sacerdotal function.

CsO: 3419/629

31



areas. No sane person is willfully going to surrender to death and starva-
tion in homelands that are unable even to support themselves.

At the same time many blacks have lost their citizenship to these. non-viable
so-called homelands.

The seriousness of this particular flash-point is that Cape Town's shack
problem is a reflection of the process in the rest of the country. It is
made worse by the governmental policy that this is a job preferential area
for coloureds.

If the two Xhosa homelands in the cape could support even half of their
own population--especially with the spectre of a long drought stalking the
rural areas--there would have been some way of solving part of the problem.

The squatter problem also makes complete nonsense of the new constitutional
arrangements which are believed by its supporters as a move in the right
direction. As long as blacks are going to be treated like foreigners in
their country of birth, so long will there be bitterness and hatred.

Apart from the emotional attitudes which do not bode well for this country,
the problems will become’even more insoluble and we are left wondering who
will salvage the situation.

cso: 3400/879

40



GABON

BONGO SPEAKS ON PARTY ANNIVERSARY
AB120926 Libreville Africa No 1 in French 0630 GMT 12 Mar 83

[Text] The Gabonese Democratic Party, the sole party, is 15 today. This an-
niversary will be marked by a great civilian and military parade which will
be personally presided over by President Bongo, secretary general and found-
er of the party. Yesterday, he laid the foundation stone of the new palace
of the National Assembly and inaugurated the Libreville trade fair in which
Congo, Yugoslavia, Morocco, Cameroon as well as several companies established
in Gabon took part. Then in the evening, the Gabonese head of state addressed
the nation. President Bongo, in his speech, spoke about an important event:
He announced in particular the reduction of the sentences against the people
responsible for the public transportation station disturbances. Let us lis-
ten to President Bongo:

[Begin recording] I have decided to reduce by 5 years the sentence of all
those who had been sentenced by the state security court for their involve-
ment in the public transportation station disturbances. I know in advance
that you will not agree with me. It is my duty to ensure that when a child
has made a mistake, he should be pardoned. And once again, as I have always
said, pardon is my vengence. Those who see this measure I have announced

as a measure of weakness or fear are making a mistake. With this 5-year re-
duction, some prodigal sons will recover their freedom, but I also think that
some others who are still in our ranks run the risk of having a taste of the
pleasure of living in isolation if they do not make a change of attitude
their watchword and their everyday struggle. Jend recording]

The president also spoke about ideas that are dear to him. In particular,
he spoke about national unity--a factor of development. He also explained
the recent amendment to the constitution and the reshuffle in the Gabonese
cabinet. Finally, he urged vigilance.

[Begin recording] Our prime duty is to be vigilant. To be vigilant is to
help the security forces inour villages:and in the towns in order to destroy
those who come to our country to sow disorder, to steal and to commit crimes.
To be vigilant means to do everything to remain united in order to preserve
the national unity. To be vigilant is to expose and denounce all seeds of



Zimbabwe's newspapers carry almost daily reports about bloody altercations
petween former comrades-in-arms. In most instances, these are fights be-
tween supporters and former bush fighters of guerilla leaders Joshua Nkomo
and Robert Mugabe who were at odds even while still carrying on the struggle
against the whites. Today, Nkomo holds no power and Mugabe is head of
government—but the fight between the two goes on.

"T can make out a member of the Ndebele tribe miles away," says the heavy-
set doorman of "Bobb's Nite Club" in Harare, the former Salisbury, These
days, he will not let them enter the club which reverberates with the sound
of Reggae music, "It causes too much trouble," the doorman says. He, like
the majority of the country and its head of government, is a member of the
Shona tribe.

But as for Nkomo, he is considered "mdala" (father) by the small but tra-
ditionally warlike Ndebele tribe in the south and west of Zimbabwe which
makes up about 20 percent of the country's population. Ever since Nkomo
lost the elections in the spring of 1980 and was thrown out of the cabinet
by Mugabe for allegedly storing weapons in preparation for a coup dtetat
many members of the Ndebele tribe can hardly contain their anger.

Since Zimbabwe achieved independence, 25,000 guerilla fighters including
most of Nkomo's men have been sent home, But for many of them the dreams
they dreamt during the years of sacrifice in the bush have not been ful-
filled.

The night independence was declared, the victors were not even permitted
to topple he statue of Sir Cecil Rhodes for whom the former colony was. .
named, The Salisbury parks department was later given the job of care- .
fully lifting Rhodes off his pedestal. "We thought freedom would be differ-
ent," said one of the army of unemployed who-have settled by the tens of
thousands in the slums near the capital of Harare.

Since the Shona majority started calling the tune after the elections,
Nkomo's guerilla fighters soon received no further financial assistance to
tide them over after demobilization. The guerillas are entitled to it and
Mugabe's supporters still get it today.

Hundreds of Nkomo's guerilla fighters who were integrated into the new
national army—with British assistance at first-—have since deserted,
There are 300 men alone who are biding their time in Dukwe, a refugee camp
in the northeastern part of neighboring Botswana—just as they were during
the civil war between blacks and whites.

Many whites who own large farms in the Ndebele sections of the country
also feel they are re-living the past. "We were the first to give up our
weapons," says the powerful "Commercial Farmers Union's" (CFU) James Sin-
clair, Some'5,000 white CFU members produce almost 90 percent of Zimbabwe's
crops. "Now, our members in the south and west can rearm with the permis-

50



ZAMBIA

KAUNDA RETURNS HOME, NO COMMENT ON NKOMO
AB111630 Paris AFP in English 1622 GMT 11 Mar 83

[Text] Lusaka, 11 Mar (AFP)--Zambian President Kenneth Launda returned home
today from the nonaligned conference in New Delhi but’ his aides declined to
comment on speculation that fugitive Zimbabwean opposition leader Joshua
Nkomo may come to Zambia.

Government officials also denied reports that President Kaunda left the sum—
mit earlier than scheduled in order to deal with the Nkomo affair.

Minister of Home Affairs Frederick Chomba and presidential special assistant
for press Milimo Punabantu, who were both with Mr Kaunda in India, denied
that the president had discussed the Nkomo affair with Zimbabwean Prime Min-
ister Robert Mugabe at the conference.

Mr Chomba said he did not want to talk further about Mr Nkomo's possible
destination after he leaves Botswana. "Let's not speculate over such a
serious issue, it is too delicate," he said.

The TIMES OF ZAMBIA, which is controlled by the country's ruling political
party, in an editorial earlier today said Zambia should not give the fugitive
oppositionleader refuge.

"It would be grossly wrong for Zambia to embroil itself in the already sad
and tangled mess that...Joshua Nkomo has created for himself by fleeing Zim-
babwe to Botswana," it said. The paper said it would be "foolish" for Zambia
to harbor dissidents or refugees from Zimbabwe.

When he was helping lead the struggle for black majority rule in Zimbabwe,
Mr Nkomo based his forces in Zambia, while those of Mr Mugabe were based in
Mozambique, and Mr Kaunda and Mr Nkomo are considered to be fbiends.

cso: 3400/921

48



"Yat in hand," the Johannesburg FINANCIAL MAIL crowed, Zimbabwe had to avail
itself of the help of its adversary, Zimbabwe now receives half of its fuel
in tanker trucks from Maputo; but a large part of the route takes them
through South Africa, In early February, gasoline prices went up drama~
tically by 25 percent. One liter now costs DM 2.10.

Nonetheless, South Africa is not intent on playing out its role as the
superpower in that part of the continent to the hilt—perhaps with an eye
to world opinion. Which is why it has offered a 3-year treaty guaranteeing
the supply of fuel to its socialist adversary Zimbabwe. The reason for it
is that South Africa Sasol oil-from-coal refinery has had to cut production
drastically ‘because of the worldwide oil glut.

The South Africans set only one condition which they hope will pay off in
propaganda terms. They said that negotiations between Harare and Pretoria
would have to be conducted at the ministerial level.

For all that, the South Africans mow full well that black Africans mst
at least formally try to keep as much distance between themselves and the
last white regime, Although most African governments continue to do busi-
ness with South Africa, there is hardly any black nation willing to admit
to contacts at the political level.

Meantime, Western diplomats in Harare are making efforts to mediate between
the two obstinate neighbors, In urgent cables to their governments, they
are calling on them to get Pretoria to moderate its approach.

Zimbabwe would have every reason to keep talking to the South Africans.
Foreign capital, most of it from South Africa, controls 70 percent of Zim-
pabwe's economy, "If South Africa continues along its present course," a
German business representative who preferred to remain anonymous said,
"the radicals will take over here and we will be the first to suffer."

Two-thirds of Zimbabwe's imports and exports pass through South African
ports although Mozambique would make more sense both in terms of distance
and cost. But mismanagement and MRN terrorism have a negative impact on
the transportation situation and run up bills for landlocked Zimbabwe
that go into the millions.

tWe are faced with a dilemma, it is true," says Minister of Information
Nathan Shamyarira. But, he says, his government will “hang tough."

fo be suré, the economic policies of the young government are somewhat
confusing. At a recent meeting of the Afro-American Institute in Harare,
Mugabe had harsh words for Western “wirepullers" and for "U.S. imperialism"
for permitting the "South African racists" to pursue their "destabiliza-
tion policy."

54



ZIMBABWE

SENATOR CALLS FOR PROTECTION OF PEOPLE

MBO81754 Zimbabwe THE HERALD in English 4 Mar 83 p 1

[Excerpt] The government must create safe, guarded areas in Matatebeleland
giving refuge to people caught in the conflict between the security forces
and dissidents, Senator Garfield Todd urged yesterday. "We are are part of
the government of this country have a responsibility to demand security for
the Povo in the villages," he told senators during adjournment debate in the
upper house.

The reported abduction by dissidents of 20 schoolchildren from Silonke School
in the Kezi District was "the sort of outrage which can spark off an under-
standable but unacceptable reaction by the security forces," he added.

"I suggest that the government sets up safe guarded areas for the people as
the Army advances, so that people who are caught between security forces and
the dissidents can retreat and find refuge, food and shelter, behind the
conflict," he said. "This can only be one step on the way to a solution, but
it is one which should be considered."

Senator Todd said he had pleaded last year for talks and negotiations as
well as military action to try to solve the dissident problem. "The govern-
ment has decided upon military action alone and the manner in'which this has
proceeded has done our image no good at all."

If the government estimates of the number of disaffected people in Matabele-
land were reliable, negotiations would have to be held, "for we cannot contem-
plate the slaughter of thousands of people." Dissidents were enemies of the
democracy Zimbabweans had fought for and deserved no mercy. But the safety
of the people, especially of women arid children caught in the middle of the
conflict, was of great concern.

Meanwhile, the permanent secretary of the office of Botswana's President

Mr Lebang Mpotokwane, said yesterday he was not aware that the 20 abducted
schoolchildren had crossed the border into Botswana. "I know absolutely
nothing," he said, when told of the announcement of the abduction by a
Zimbabwean Government spokesman on Wednesday. He was speaking in a tele-
pone interview from his office in Gaborone. He also said that, as far as he

58



TANZANIA

BRIEFS

IMPROVED BORDER MARKINGS WITH UGANDA--A four-man team of Tanzania Government
officials led by the director of survey and mapping in the Ministry of Lands,
Housing and Urban Development, Ndugu (Ndau), leaves Dar es Salaam on Monday
for Kampala for consultations with. theUganda authorities on the Uganda-Tan-
zania border frontiers. According to Ndugu (Ndau), the consultations will
center on how to improve border markings between the two countries which have
been disrupted by a number of environmental factors. Other members of the
delegation include the Kagera regional land development officer and offi-
cials from the survey and mapping department and the Ministry of Foreign Af-
fairs. [Text] [1D112150 Dar es Salaam in English to East Central and South-
ern Africa 1600 GMT 11 Mar 83]

PRESIDENT RETURNS FROM NONALIGNED SUMMIT-~Victoria: President Nyerere has
expressed satisfaction at the results of the seventh nonaligned summit when
he stopped over in the Seychelles’ capital today from New Delhi. President
Nyerere, who arrived in Dar es Salaam this evening, told reporters in Victoria
that Third World nations attending the summit had possibly for the first time
realised the importance of and the need to develop North-South cooperation
globally. Mwalimu said now that Third World nations understood the implica-
tions of the worst economic problems, they would work out a definite strategy
to intensify their cooperation. The president said North-South cooperation
was already being built in a number of regions in the Third World. He said
delegates to the summit also understood the importance for the south to look
at economic problems from a global point of view and not from the (?selfish)
Northern point of view. President Rene of the Seychelles said for the non-
aligned nations, emerging from the summit more united, now is the time for
real action to promote North-South talks and cooperation. Ndugu Rene said he
expected that over the next (?few) years, the nonaligned countries would set
up the structures needed to tackle the economic problems ahead. [Excerpt]
[EA132155 Dar es Salaam in English to East Central and Southern Africa 1800
GMT 12 Mar 83]

DEPARTMENT BECOMES MINISTRY--The department formerly responsible for service
and manpower development under the office of the prime minister has now become
a fully ministry. According to a state house statement, the former minister of
state in the office of the prime minister who headed this department, Ndugu
Pius Ngwandu, has been appointed minister of the new ministry. The statement
said the changes result from recent decision of the president when forming the
new cabinet to restore the responsibilities for civil service management to
his office, as was the case before the 1980 elections. [Text] [LD120435

Dar es Salaam Doemstic Service in Swahili 1300 GMT 10 Mar 83]

46



MAURITIUS

BRIEFS

INDIAN CONSULTANT SERVICES--The ‘agreement concluded in August 1982 between the
Indian and Mauritian governments at the time’of the visit of Indian Prime
Minister Indira Gandhi to our country is now being implemented. The services
of six Indian consultants have: been made available to the Mauritian Government
for studies in the airport, small business and merchant marine sectors.
[Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 5 Feb 83 p 4] 11,464

SWEDISH AID--An increase in our textile exports to Sweden, the possibilities
of attracting Swedish tourists to Mauritius and possible financial aid from
Sweden for projects on regional cooperation in countries in the southeastern
Indian Ocean, were the main topics discussed by Swedish Ambassador Arne Falt-
heim and Mauritian Minister of Foreign Affairs Jean-Claude de 1'Estrac -at ‘the
time of the former's visit to Mauritius recently. In addition, De 1'Estrac
emphasized the importance of the-role which the Nordic Bank could play in the
coming meeting of the advisory group in Paris. [Text] [Port Louis LE MAURI-
CIEN in French 9 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

REDUCED FOOD CONSUMPTION--The difficulties encountered by the agricultural and
agroindustrial sector were the subject of a memorandum submitted to the govern-
ment. The note written by Michel de Speville, director of Food and Allied
Industries, Ltd. (FAIL), emphasizes the two economic factors that emerged
following the application of the 5-percent sales tax and the hike in the stamp
duty from 7 to 12 percent. Agroindustries have suffered a drop in the demand
for their products and at the same time, an increase in production costs.
[Excerpt] [Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 6 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

GOVERNMENT PROJECTS POSTPONED--The government has decided to postpone three
major projects temporarily, which will enable it to reduce expenditures in-
cluded in the 1982-1983 Development Budget by 33.3 million rupees. The three
are: construction of a flour mill, an ethanol production unit and reconstruc-—
tion of 140 kilometers of road. This governmental decision stems from the
precarious situation of the budget for this fiscal year and also the fact that
the International Monetary Fund has imposed a limit on the budget deficit for
that same year. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 4 Feb 83 p 1]
11,464

18



"Our sense of responsibility and our political maturity which seeks to
stabilise South and southern Africa will be strained to the breaking point,"
said Chief Buthelezi.

"It was our deep awareness of these dangers which led us to contest the
move with such vehemence.

"It was this awareness of mounting tragedy which led us to fight the move
at every possible level.

"Tt was this which led us to hold out protest meetings and take the (land)
issue to the OAU and the UN and to fight it in the Supreme Court and right
up to the appellate division.

"In the tone for this -commitment” to peace and stability we find ourselves
snubbed and discarded. It was a sign of the South African government's
inability to face the facts of life that this year, for the first time,
they lacked the courage to be represented at the opening of this assembly
by a cabinet minister.

"These events and all the attendent dangers reflect the need for black
participation in government.

"The Ingwavuma crisis more than anything showed the absurd length to which
the South African government would go in order to force the South African
facts into a false mould.

"The people of north-eastern Kwazulu are not Swazi extraction or by connec-
tion."

The area had been Swazi by fact or design and yet its people now had to
face the prospect of being designated as Swazis.

The government repeatedly talked about self-determination and the right of
the people to choose their own course. The fact that the South African
government wanted to give the people of Ingwavuma and Kangwane no choice
in their disposal showed just how farcical the high sounding principles
of white nationalism remained.

Chief Buthelezi said the Ingwavuma situation was a window through which
blacks could see the total farce of the South African dpartheid society.

As a single event on its own, it had the potential of changing history
and could become a watershed event for whites.

For blacks it was.also a watershed even but in a different way. It might

create a detour in the road toward liberation, but for whites it would
spell out the end for black tolerance,

36



Further on Diouf Interview Criticizing Opposition
(Dakar Domestic Service, 8 Mar 83)....csseecessceacee eenee

Briefs
French Line of Credit

SOUTH AFRICA

Parliament Holds Special Debate on ‘Salem Affair’
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 9 Mar 83)..

Buthelezi Says Land Deal Would Destablize Region
(THE TIMES OF SWAZILAND, 7 Mar 83)...

Kwazulu's Buthelezi Hits ANC Actions, Cites Plot
(Johannesburg Domestic Service, 7 Mar 83)..

Cape Town Shack Dwellers' Problem
(Editorial; SOWETAN, 25 Feb 83)..

Briefs
Botha on Lisbon Conference
Griquas' Right of Registration
Zulu Territory 'Used'
Regional Economic Committee Meeting
HNP Withdrawal From Byelection
Buthelezi's Racism Accusation
SWAZILAND
Briefs
Bail Application Refusal
TANZANIA

Trade Talks With Mozambique Open in Dar es Salaam
(Dar es Salaam Domestic Service, 14 Mar 83)......seeeceeee

Briefs
Improved Border Markings With Uganda
President Returns From Nonaligned Summit
Department Becoms Ministry
Conspiracy to Assassinate Nyerere

ZAMBIA

Kaunda Returns Home, No Comment on Nkomo
(AFP, 11 Mar 83)..... .

30

32

33

35

38

39

41
41
42
42

43

4h

48



Everything suggests the hope that this year the nations will begin to
experience the concretization of the desired cooperation between the i
nations.

In fact, this year will see the meeting of the first Senegalese-Thai

joint commission. An exchange of commercial missions is also planned
between the two nations.

9969
cso: 3419/571

29



Speaking of the economy, the minister of finance mentioned the heavy burden
that is his, but he said he did not complain because that is what he wanted.
"/T, Paul, who knew what had to be done to avoid a third devaluation. On

11 June, we took a country that was devaluated. A country that was in debt,
on its knees./ And people like Burty David, Boolell, Duval have the nerve

to come and talk about increases in the prices of rice and flour; after they
tied our hands with the IMF [International Monetary Fund], they come and talk
about a sales tax.’ We have documents to prove that they had agreed with the
IMF and the World Bank to set the price of rice at 1.55 rupees/pound. /This
is what could have hit you on the head./ They tied up our hands with the
sales tax. /You could have a 6 percent sales tax on your back. I have worked
to prevent a devaluation, to lower the sales tax. At the same time, to pre-
vent a degradation of the situation, I have set up a Cargo Handling Corpora-
tion and an investigation commission on the sugar industry. The National
Transport Corporation can Letanne] anywhere in Mauritius. We have succeeded
in creating an unemployment allocation so heads of families with no income
can get a little cash. Not much because we don't have the funds, comrades.
But, at the same time, we managed to avoid a devaluation, we managed to start
all this. We could not do more in seven months. We took a country that was
dying under its debts and also under the international economic crisis that
could have broken its back. What does Mauritius have? It doesn't have gold
or oil, it doesn't have anything except our carcasses and our courage. / Large
countries like Mexico, the fifth oil producer in the world, /a country which
can speak up in front of other, where is poor Mexico today? On its knees
before America; devaluation upon devaluation! With its diamonds and its

oil, it still got its back broken! We, with no oil, no gold, we managed to
avoid a devaluation./. Do you know how many socialist countries in the world
have, unfortunately, been unable to avoid a devaluation? Sweden, Spain,
France, Greece, Zimbabwe, although our socialist brothers are in power in
these countries, have had to devaluate during the past six months, but Mauritius
could avoid that. /The international economic crisis can break a country's
back. I will tell you quite frankly, I am proud. Not to mention that un-
employment hit us hard. I am the one who knows what was inside the treasury
we inherited from Ringadoo. There was nothing in it, only debts, and our
country could not have done better in these seven past months. / Fortunately,
our people are admirable. The people did not complain about the increase in
rice and flour prices, about the sales tax. In France, where they have a
socialist government, the government is defeated in each by-election; a great
lady like Mrs Gandhi loses by-elections. In Mauritius where the prices of
rice and flour have just been ‘raised because /our hands had been tied, who
fotced us to impose a sales tax just before the municipal elections, who
allied us with the PSM? You could not find him with a telescope! As always,
the MMM is alone to weather the storm. It eats with the Labor Party, with
the PMSD [Mauritian Social Democratic Party], with its sales tax on its back.
And the admirable people of Mauritius gave it 60-0 in general elections and
5-0 in municipal elections. The reason is that I and my colleagues, Aneerod
and others, we have the courage to go forward, because we have carried that
burden together for seven months. The people gave us their verdict, 5-0 in
municipal elections./"

15



NIGER

ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK LOAN--During the recent meeting in Jidda of the
Council of Governors of the Islamic Development Bank, the executive board of
directors agreed to finance many projects for some member countries, including
providing a loan to the Republic of Niger in the amount of 9126 million
Islamic dinars, which is equivalent to $10 million, This money will aid in

the construction of the (Agadizer)-Zinder Road, which is 340 kilometers long.
[GF091856 Jidda AL-BILAD in Arabic 7 Mar 83 p 3]

| BRIEFS
cso: 3419/629

21



Political Crisis: "The MMM Has Restored Its Unity"

The year 1983 will not be easy, Mr Berenger said again, this time speaking
of the crises which shook the government. "/And I am very sorry about things
I may have said on the crisis we had. I cannot go back on that because, to-
day, the MMM has restored its unity. Amneerood made certain statements yes~
terday (Monday) in Triolet; they were reported by the press; I contacted him
yesterday. I held a press conference; everything is all right in the MMM,
everything is on target, the trouble is over! Between the MMM and the PSM,
the trouble is over. I do hope there will be no more trouble. But I can
say, still as a parable, Paul is always among the first to raise his head
and weather the storm, to get into trouble in times of repression. Today,
it is easy to have people get on a platform and become deputy, minister,
putting on ties. Today, it is easy! There was a time when it was not like
today. When you had to go to jail, in 1972, to go on a hunger strike. I am
not complaining. Others go campaigning in the evening and knife you in

the back. There must be solidarity within the government. I wish and I
believe that there can be solidarity within the government. Do not believe
that I, Paul, would not be happy to create 10, 15, 20 thousand jobs all at
once. But we can't. There is a deficit in our budget. We must pull the
country out of the hole in which it finds itself. The IMF can strangulate
us!/"

But if the government does not create jobs, who will unless the private sec~
tor does, the minister of finance asked. However, he explained, for the
private sector to do so, the government must be given the means to supervise
the private sector and give it a good shake if necessary. "/Who fought more
than I did against the big whites? Who fought to help small MPA Lexpansion
unknown] planters? Who else but me instituted for the first time an inves-
tigation of the sugar industry? To put our noses into the sugar industry's
treasury?/," Mr Berenger also asked.

According to Mr Berenger, the people must be told the truth. If the country
makes a mistake, if it is not careful in its negotiations with the IMF and
the World Bank, there will be a disaster and a devaluation will follow.

"The people," Mr Berenger said, "must understand that." The government would
have liked to provide immediate relief for the unemployed, the workers, un-
employed graduates, but it will not be able to do so for the next three years.
Otherwise, we must mortgage the future of the country and its children, he
added.

"Tt is not true," Mr Berenger stated, "that I would like to take the power
away from the Hindus, as those say who yesterday still were hanging on
Ramgoolam's coattails. The workers and the planters know me and know the
struggle I fought for 13 years, and they will refuse to listen to such a
campaign," Mr Berenger concluded.

9294
cso: 3419/581- A

17



SENEGAL

FURTHER ON DIOUF INTERVIEW CRITICIZING OPPOSITION
4B080950 Dakar Domestic Service in French 2200 GMT 8 Mar 83

[Excerpts] If the opposition had not used obstruction during the voting
exercise, candidate Abdou Diouf and the Socialist Party would have obtained
better results. This, in a nutshell, is what President Abdou Douf said when
he was answering questions from journalists from Radio France International's
program called "The Third World Press Club" led by the director general of
Radio France International.

President Abdou Diouf also answered a question from a journalist who wanted
to know whether he was not a prisoner of the Socialist Party and Marabouts.
The head of state stressed that he is neither a prisoner of the Socialist
Party nor the Marabouts. We govern in an autonomous manner and we take into
account the advice of the spiritual body on matters concerningit, the presi-
dent said. To a question about a possible challenge to his authority by the
opposition parties, Mr Diouf stressed that as an elected president and cus—
todian of the constitution, he will see to it that laws are respected. No-
body should have any illusions about my intention to have laws respected.

On the formation of the next government, the president said he will take

into account political representativeness and efficiency. On the government's
program, President Abdou Diouf said he will respond to the expectations of
the people. In the economic field, the president once again emphasized the
importance he attaches to the rural areas and especially to the development
of agriculture in Senegal. To this end, he promised to make water abundant
throughout the country by constructing dams and sinking wells.

On foreign policy, President Abdou Diouf talked about the recent meeting be-
tween King Hassan II of Morocco and President Chedid Bendjedid of Algeria,
and added that it was a good thing because it can help in the implementation
of the decision made by the OAU summit Nairobi on the Western Sahara issue.
On the Nonaligned Movement, Mr Diouf said if we had been lucky in avoiding
conflicts, it is because we attach great importance to nonalignment. We
must, however, avoid allowing nonalignment to become the de facto ally of a
clan so that the movement could keep its original strength. On the Chad
question, the head of state called on President Al-Qadhdhafi of Libya to

30



LIBERIA

REPORT ON DOE ADDRESS IN NEW DELHI
AB101958 Monrovia Domestic Seryice in English 1900 GMT 10 Mar 83

[Text] The Liberian leader has called on the superpowers to give concrete
support to Africa. .He said one of the ways they can do so is to stop all
economic, financial and military assistance to South Africa. The Liberian
leader was speaking at the nonaligned summit conference now convening in New
Delhi, India. Dr Doe expressed his support for the creation of a bank to help
developing countries overcome the restriction imposed by the present interna-
tional financial institutions like the IMF and the World Bank.!

On the Middle East, the Liberian leader said Israel should withdraw its for-
ces from Lebanon and all occupied Arab lands. He said the Israelis should
recognize the rights of the Palestinian people. On the Korean question, the
Liberian leader said both South and North Korea should demonstrate willingness
to find a peaceful solution to the problem in keeping with the charter of the
United Nations and the North-South communique of 1972.

The Liberian leader thanked the Indian Government and people for the hospital-—
ity accorded the Liberian delegation to the summit. The Liberian leader also
congratulated the outgoing chairman of the Nonaligned Movement, the Cuban
leader, Fidel Castro, for the able manner in which he handled the affairs of
the movement over the last 2 years.

According to an executive mansion press release issued in Monrovia today,
Commander in Chief Doe has met with several heads of state and government
attending the conference including Indian Prime Minister Indira Ghandi. Other
leaders with whom Dr Doeheld discussions are President Julius Nyerere of
Tanzania; the president of Benin, Mathieu Kerekou; the head of state of
Guinea-Bissau; King Husayn of Jordan; and President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia.
He also met with OAU current chairman Daniel Arap Moi; the president of Lebanon,
Amin al-Jumayyil, President Milton Obote of Uganda; the current king of Saudi
Arabia as well as the presidents of Singapore, Niger, Algeria, Argentina,

the vice president of Iraq and the foreign minister of the Ivory Coast.

cso: 3400/916

12



[answer] Who says so ? First of all, one would have to determine how it
came about that there are any dissidents at all.

[Question] How did it ?

[answer] A national army was called into being; but there were a lot of
young people left over, Most of them were my boys. Then we were accused
of having set up arms caches.

[Question] And that was not true ?

[Answer] I would not have minded seeing those weapons, After all, I was
a minister in Comrade Mugabe's government at that time. But no one spoke
to me about the matter; it was simply bruited about in public. That is
when a lot of my boys lost confidence in the government, Many of them
deserted from the new army—also because they were mistreated for alle-
gedly planning to overthrow the government.

[Question] Were they beaten ?

[answer] Yes.

[Question] Tortured, too ?

[answer] Let us say no more about it. That is how the dissidents came
about. My boys are plenty mad now. I would not have let something like
that happen.

[Question] Let us talk about another problem—the fuel crisis, Would you
know of a way out ?

[answer] That crisis is the result of the government's policies.
[Question] Does that mean that less of the blame falls on South Africa ?

[answer] I will say nothing. The fuel crisis is but one aspect of the
overall economic crisis.

[Question] In the medium term, Zimbabwe can cope with its fuel problems
only with the help of South Africa's good will. Would you negotiate ?

[answer] That is a possibility I would consider.
[Question] It is said of you that you are now a successful businessman...

[answer] I have nothing. The little bit I did have was taken away from me
by the Mugabe government.

56



ETHIOPIA

PLANNING, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CAMPAIGN EXPENSES
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 3 Feb (83 pl

[Text] ASMERA [Ethiopian News Agency]--Comrade Aklilu Afework, who is in
charge of planning and economic development of the Red Star Campaign, noted
that since the historic and multipurpose Red Star Campaign began, over

Eth. $100 million has been spent for economic and social development alone.
Comrade Aklilu made the statement in a press release issued on the occasion
of the first anniversary of the Red Star Campaign. Expenditures are as
follows (in Ethiopian dollars):

Reorganization of farmers and farm development Eth. $10,094,000

Government farms 1,483,000
Rehabilitation 28,474,000
Industry 8,020,000
Power generators 15,502,000
Water development 2,228,000
Transport and communications 4,452,000
Development 4,452,000
Domestic trade 1,113,000
Construction 1,024,000
Urban development 3,080,000
Labor and community development 653,000
Health care 8,426,000
Education 773,000
Culture and sports 47,000
Organization of craftsmen and others 16,000

The multipurpose Red Star Campaign has 12 main departments. Among other
accomplishments of last year, it successfully carried out its mission
solving the problem of the water. shortage and repairing and reconstructing
hospitals, clinics and other services and development facilities destroyed
by secessionist elements. The campaign also helped fill the shortate of
trained manpower; it provided 44 nurses, 52 health assistants, 40 health
care agents and 36 traditional midwives.

Comrade Aklilu also discussed the problem of unemployment. Thanks to the
campaign, 23,000 persons were provided temporary and permanent mobs.
Furthermore, 224,000 kilograms of grain; a large quantity of powdered milk



The so-called "equipped" wells will in fact consist of the construction

of small water ducts since, in addition to drilling and placement. of a
pump operated by a thermal motor on each of the sites the construction

of a water tower with a capacity of 100 or 200 cubic meters, of a 100

or 200 cubic meter ground tank and of watering troughs is planned, as

well as the placement of a distribution network of a length varying, de-
pending on the case, from 600 to 2,000 m including fountain markers whose
number will vary depending on the structure and the size of the village

in question. In addition, the program includes the construction of housing
for the personnel in charge of assuring the operation of the facilities.

As for the so-called "basically equipped" well, it will only receive a
manual pump and surface facilities similar to the ones that will be con-
structed for the wells.

In addition, there are also plans to supply two villages with water from

the "extensions." One of them will be 4,300 meters long, the second will be
approximately 5,400 meters long. These extensions will be connected to

one of the water towers built in the context of the project.

Finally, it should be noted that technical supervision of the work will
be assured by engineers from Belgian Cooperation and by Senegalese engineers
from the director's office of Urban and Rural Water Supply.

This project, which will involve approximately 20,000 persons, is per-
fectly integrated in the government policy for rural water projects and
will contribute to tightening the bonds of friendship and solidarity that
unite the people of Senegal and Belgium.

9969
cso: 3419/571

27



SENEGAL

STATEMENT OF AND-JEF-MRDN ON CASAMANCE DISTURBANCES
Dakar JAAY DOOLE BI in French No 33, Feb 83 p 3

[Text] --Considering the social and political agitation in the Casamance
region and which culminated in the demonstrations of 26 December 1982;

--Considering the propaganda carried on by various groups in the Casamance
region which support autonomy for the area and more particularly the
explicit claim for the "independence" of the region advanced by the MFDC
(Casamance Movement of Democratic Forces);

--Considering that the state of economic, social, cultural, and political
backwardness in the Casamance region is the result of the policy of national
abdication carried out by the neo-colonial government, which continues to
worsen the living conditions of the mass of the workers who have been
delivered up to imperialist exploitation while the tiny minority that makes
up the neo-colonial bourgeoisie(which includes representatives of all

ethnic and regional groups in the country, including the Casamance area)
enriches itself in a scandalous way on the backs of the working people;

--Considering that the rural areas, more than the urban centers; and the
border areas (East Senegal, the Gambia River region, and the Casamance
region) more than the rest of the country have been the major victims of
the anti-people's policy of the UPS/ P "S" neo-colonial government
[Senegalese Progressive Union/ "Socialist" Party coalition government] --
which has led to the development of various forms of narrow chauvinism and
regionalism;

--Considering that the policies of the colonial and noe-colonial periods,
consisting of a "divide and conquer" outlook, have tended to develop
pernicious contradictions in our country between the different regions and
ethnic groups capable, under certain conditions, of endangering the unity
of the country;

--Considering that, like the Balkanization of the African continent in the
1960's, the splitting up of national entities could not provide a valid
answer to the problems encountered by our different areas as a result of
imperialist and neo-colonial exploitation and oppression;

24



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

MILITARY COOPERATION WITH CSSR--Angola and Czechoslovakia haye drawn up gen-
eral guidelines for military cooperation and a program of work, according to
a joint communique issued in Iwanda following the visit by the Czechoslovak
defense minister to Angola. The joint communique added that the acts of
aggression by the Pretoria regime against frontline states as well as the
policy of racial‘ discrimination were condemned by the two countries delega-
tions. [Text] JEAL10032 Maputo Domestic Service in Portuguese 1200 GMT

9 Mar 83]

DELEGATION TO LISBON FRONTLINE CONFERENCE--The People's Republic of Angola
will be represented by a top-level delegation led by a member of the Polit-
buro of the MPLA-Labor Party in the international conference of solidarity
with the frontline countries scheduled in Portuguese capital, Lisbon, from
the 25th to 27th of this month. Official sources in Lisbon have disclosed
that the Angolan delegation will include the secretary of the MPLA—Labor
Party Central Committee for External Rélations, Comrade Afonso Van Dunem
Mbinda, and the Angolan minister of external relations, Comrade Paulo Jorge.
The conference of solidarity with the frontline countries will discuss con-
crete measures toward total liberation of Southern Africa. On the other
hand, a.communique published in Lisbon indicated that in representation of
UN Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar, will participate his
assistant secretary general for political affairs, (Adriem Adefara). [Text]
JABL01252 Luanda Domestic Service in English 1130 GMT 10 Mar 83]

cso: 3400/914



ZIMBABWE

Analysis of Zimbabwe Internal Problems

(DER SPIEGEL, 21 Feb 83).

End of ‘Zimbabwe Miracle', by Paul M. Schumacher

Opposition Leader's Views, Joshua Nkomo Interview

Senator Calls for Protection of People

Briefs

(THE HERALD, 4 Mar 83)..

Increased Defense Effort Supported
New Instructors' Training

49

58

60



MAURITIUS

MR BERENGER JUSTIFIES HIS POLICIES IN SPEECH AT FLACQ CENTER
Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 3 Feb 83 pp 1, 5

[Article: "Before a Thousand People At the Flacq Center, Mr Berenger Justifies
His Policy and Attempts To Place Events In a Proper Perspective"; passages en-
closed in slantlines published in local French dialect]

[Excerpts] "We are fully confident that Aneerood Jugnauth
will get rid of drug and crime."

"All is well, all is on target at the MMM, and we have re-=
stored our unity": these statements were made yesterday after-
noon at the Flacq Center by the minister of finance, Mr Paul
Berenger, at a meeting which had attracted some 1,000 people.
Those who had come to hear the minister of finance's reply to
the remarks made about him in Triolet the day before by the
prime minister, Mr A: Jugnauth, heard instead a conciliatory
speech. Mr Berenger stated that he and the MMM had "full con-
fidence" in "the willingness and competence" of the prime min-
ister and his government to get rid of drug traffickers and
criminals.

Speaking of his relations with the PSM [Mauritian Socialist
Party], the minister of finance, while attacking those who

are still pursuing an "ethnic campaign" against him in the
evening, expressed his hope that "there would be no more such
trouble in the future." Before a receptive crowd who acclaimed
him when he arrived, the minister drew a "positive balance" of
the government's efforts during the past seven months.

Other speakers, including the general secretary of the MMM,
Mr P. Naiken, the president of the party, Mr D. Fokeer, and
local deputies also spoke. They also drew a balance of the
new government's efforts and judged the PSM more severely,
often directly accusing it of dissociating itself from
decisions taken jointly with its partner, the MMM.

"The seven months during which this MMM/PSM/OPR [Organization of the Rodigues

People] government has been in power have been most difficult for us," Mr
Berenger said. "I will tell you quite frankly: /I do believe that I did

13



ETHIOPIA

AGREEMENT REACHED ON REPATRIATION OF REFUGEES IN DJIBOUTI
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 5 Feb 83 p 1

[Text]. Ethiopian News Agency--A committee consisting of representatives of
the governments of Socialist Ethiopia and the Republic of Djibouti and

the high commissioner for refugees has agreed on assistance to be provided
for the repatriation of Ethiopian refugees in Dj ibouti.

The committee met last Monday and Tuesday in Djibouti and drafted the accord
for aid in the form of food, other emergency aid and assistance with
rehabilitation while resettled in camps or in their former homes.

Regarding the results of yesterday's meeting, the coordinator of the Aid and
Rehabilitation Committee said that the UN High Commissioner for Refugees
has agreed to help formulate the aid policy, to evaluate camp sites, and to
provide technical and other kinds of assistance. Furthermore, the UN

High Commissioner for Refugees will provide assistance and cooperate with
the governments of Ethiopia and Djibouti in transporting the refugees from
Djibouti to temporary camps or to their former homes.

Similarly, the Ethiopian Revolutionary Government has agreed to

cooperate with the High commission for Refugees and other UN agencies and will
provide food and other emergency aid within a period of 15 days, as well

as other assistance required for rehabilitation within a period of 2 months.

The High Commission for Refugees will raise funds necessary to implement
the policy and plan agreed upon regarding the repatriation of Ethiopian
refugees from Djibouti.

In the second week of April 1983, the committee will meet in Addis Ababa to
decide on the implementation of the Djibouti agreement and to discuss the
conditions under which refugees may voluntarily return to their country.

9948
CSO: 3403/26



ENERGY CONSUMPTION--With the éxception of butane gas, the volume of imports
of oil products dropped some 9.4 percent last year compared with 1981.
[Excerpt] [Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 10 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

PARASTATAL BODIES CORRUPTION--Millions of rupees are wasted or quite simply
disappear as a result of fraud and corruption in parastatal bodies financed by
public funds. This comes at a very time when consumers are constantly called
upon to pay higher rates and prices in order to make up for enormous deficits.
This scandalous situation has been denounced by the Public Accounts Committee
(PAC), a parliamentary group with the task of ensuring proper management of
public monies and which has just published a report on five such parastatal
podies: the Central Electricity Board (CEB), the Central Water Authority
(CWA), the Development Works Corporation (DWC), the Mauritius Marine Authority
(MMA), and the Mauritius Meat Authority (MMA). [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURI-
CIEN in French 9 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

RICE PURCHASE--The Mauritian Government has obtained very attractive offers

for our rice crop this year. Kader Bhayat,.minister of commerce and industry,
returned from a mission during the weekend and confirmed that the bids will
enable Mauritius to make "substantial savings," which will help reduce rice
subsidies. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 7 Feb 83 p 1] 11,464

USSR TEA PURCHASE--An agreement concerning the exportation of Mauritian tea to
the Soviet Union was signed by the Tea Board yesterday, on behalf of Mauritian
producers and by the trade adviser to the Soviet Embassy in Floreal, Vinogradov.
The agreement involves a shipment of 360 tons of tea over a period éxtending
from now until June.. [Excerpt] [Port Louis L'EXPRESS in French 8 Feb 83 p 1]
11,464 ‘

FOREIGN CURRENCY SHORTAGE--Mauritius could find itself with foreign currency
reserves of only 40 million rupees by June 1983 if the government does not
obtain financial resources by that time from the International Monetary Fund,
the World Bank; the Advisory Group or on the international market. This
information was released by the Ministry of Finance in a survey of the economic
situation for this fiscal year. It is estimated that the deficit in the bal-
ance of payments will be on the order of 600 million rupees, when the budgetary
deficit would be some 790 million rupees, or 225 million less than the ceiling
imposed by the IMF. The government hopes to conclude a standby agreement with
the IMF in order to obtain the necessary support for the balance of payments.
Within the framework of such an agreement, Mauritius would receive an initial
installment of aid amounting to 120 million rupees from the IMF during the
1982-1983 fiscal year.. [Excerpt] [Port Louis LE MAURICIEN in French 3 Feb 83
p ll 11,464

CSO:  3419/588

19



144067

JPRS 83125

23 March 1983

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

No, 2775

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT &
Approved for Public Release
Distribution Unlimited

serie Cm Ae 19991012 068

ee

FBIS| FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE

Svm~



ZULU TERRITORY 'USED'--Gatsha Buthelezi says that Pieter Botha has used

Zulu territory to wheel and deal with Swaziland behind the backs of the

Zulu people. The Kwazulu chief minister was speaking at the opening of

the sixth session of the third Kwazulu Legislative Assembly in Ulundi

today. He proposed a vote of thanks to the commissioner general of the

Zulus, (P.M. Hansemeyer), for opening the Parliament. Buthelezi says

the Zulu people were used, and then the government made constitutional

proposals which ignored them, even though the Zulus constitute 72 percent

of the population of South Africa. [Text] [MB021412 Umtata Capital

Radio in English 1300 GMT 2 Mar 83] Oe
REGIONAL ECONOMIC COMMITTEE MEETING—The first meeting of the multilateral ]
economic and financial committee comprising representatives from ‘South Africa, i
Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei was held in Pretoria yesterday. !
The meeting, held under the chairmanship of the director general of finance,

Dr (De Loor), is a sequel to the leaders’ summit meeting held in Pretoria

last year. The committee has been set the task of formulating a coordinated

economic and regional development strategy for the five participating states.

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Information says in a statement that

it has been decided to restructure and expand the committee, formed since

1980. ‘This is to take place within the framework of the new multilateral

cooperation agreement. The establishment of eight technical commmittees has

been recommended by the Ministerial Multilateral Development Council, which

is expected to meet again by the middle of this year. The statement says

attention has been given to the:formulation of recommendations over a wide

front, taking i financial relations, regional development and multilateral

liaison mechanisms. [Text] [BM101311 Johannesburg Domestic Service in

English 0500 GMT 10 Mar 83]

HNP WITHDRAWAL FROM BYELECTION--The Herstigte Nasionale Party [HNP] has de-
cided to withdraw fromthe coming parliamentary byelection in the Soutpansberg
constituency. The announcement was made by the leader of the HNP, Mr Jaap
Marais, during a public meeting in Nylstroom. This means that the minister of
manpower, Mr Fanie Botha, and Mr Thomas Langley of the Conservative Party will
fight the election in a two-cornered contest. Mr Marais said the decision to
withdraw from the byelection was made by the divisional executive of the

HNP for Soutpansberg together with their named candidate, Mr Willie Marais.
HNP supporters have been asked to vote against Mr Botha. Mr Marais said the
decision to withdraw came entirely from the HNP and no one else influenced
the decision. He also said that the decision was made because Mr Botha wanted
to exploit the unsuccessful talks on cooperation between the HNP and the
Conservative Party. Commenting on the decision, Mr Botha said the HNP

had fared badly in the last election in Soutpansberg, and had it not with-
drawn Brom the byelection the combined defeat of the Marais/Treurnicht front
would have been even more crunching. [Text] [MB110620 Johannesburg Domestic
Service in English 0500 GMT 11 Mar 83]

42



ETHIOPIA

CUBAN, NIGERIAN OFFICIALS VISIT ADDIS ABABA
Addis Ababa ADDIS ZEMEN in Amharic 3 Feb 83 p 11

[Article: "The Broad Masses Will Be Victorious in the Struggle To Establish
the Political Party"]

[Text] Ethiopian News Agency~~Yesterday Comrade Jesus Montane Oropesa,
alternate member of the Cuban Communist Party Politburo, expressed his strong
conviction that the Ethiopian broad masses will be victorious in establishing
their political party and in the building of their national economy.

Comrade Montane Oropesa made a statement when he gave out a press release at
Bolie Airport (Addis Ababa) en route to a 4-day official visit to the
Democratic Republic of Yemen.

Before leaving for the Democratic Republic of Yemen after a one-day
stopover in Ethiopia, Comrade Montant Oropesa discussed Cuban-Ethiopian
relations with the comrades of COPWE. Comrade Montane Oropesa said that
Ethiopian and Cuban political, economic and social relations and current
international issues have been evaluated.

Comrade Jesus Montane further said that although he has been following the
process of the Ethiopian revolution from the beginning, the detailed
explanation given him during his visit had convinced him that the revolution
has reached a stage of which one should be proud.

Comrade Montane Oropesa was seen off at the airport by Comrade Teka Tulu,
member of the Standing Committee of the Provisional Military Government

and the Central Committee of COPWE; Comrade Dr Feleke Gedle Giorgis,

foreign minister and member of the Central Committee of COPWE; Comrade Tesfaye
Tadese, member of the Central Committee of COPWE and the First Deputy

Editor of the Working Class Newspaper; Habte Mariam Siyum, deputy of Foreign
Relations of COPWE; and the staff of the Cuban Embassy to Ethiopia.

Professor Ishuya Audu, minister of external affairs of the Federal
Republic of Nigeria, also left for Nairobi yesterday afternoon after a
one-day official visit to Socialist Ethiopia.



and clothing has been distributed to those who have been uprooted by the
traitor outlaws. The objective of the Rehabilitation Commission is to be
permanent rather than temporary. It has established two large resettlement
stations located at Aligadir and Tebererit. At Aligadir, farm development
is progressing; on a 500-hectare area mashilla (a grain) is being cultivated
for the first time, and a harvest of 1,650,000 kilograms is expected.

In addition, it was stated that the Department of Farmers' Associations

and Farm Development has been successful in providing training in various
subjects, and in organizing.

Comrade Aklilu stated that so far in Eritrea Province, more than 250 farmers
associations have been established, about 500,000 farmers have been trained
in farming and animal husbandry, about 12 million plants have been planted
and four irrigation dams have been built. The Alibered Agroindustry
government farm produced 730,000 cans of tomatoes and 2.8 million kilograms
of oilseeds and fruit, and is distributing them to neighboring consumers.
Some 40,300 grapevines have been planted, and it is believed that animal
husbandry will be started soon.

In 1976 because of the sesessionist disturbances, there was a loss of

Eth. $80 million worth of industrial production. However, since the multi-
purpose revolutionary Red Star Campaign began and peace and tranquility has
been restored, 15 factories are operating effectively and have produced
commodities worth Eth $200 million.

Comrade Aklilu also stated that handicraft associations have been organized
and that power plants and small industries have been reactivated so that

the power plants and small industries have been reactivated so that the
broad masses will be provided with electric power and light service.
Regarding education of the masses, 13 schools formerly owned by missions have
been placed under the control of the government and 20,000 students are now
being taught there. The radio education program has been organized.
Furthermore, 290 children and 100 adults are being taken care of by the
government.

Comrade Alkilu stated further that various commodities worth more than

Eth. $38 million and grain worth Eth. $8 million are being distributed to
city-dwellers who live in the capital and in the districts. Regarding housing,
18 buildings have been repaired and 100 low-cost houses are being built.

With regard to transportation, there are 500 to 600 vehicles in the province,
and in the past 12 months more than 250,000 tons of fuel and 128,000 cubic
[measurement not indicated] of other commodities were transported from
Masawa and Aseb to Asmera and other parts of the province.

The Construction Organization has contributed a great deal in building
and renovating factories, electric power stations, hospitals, clinics,
homes for children and the elderly and roads.

In conclusion, Comrade Aklilu expressed his feeling that the revolutionary
and multipurpose Red Star Campaign, from the time it began operation, has
successfully carried out its social and economic mission. Full participation
of the broad masses is essential in order to reach its ultimate objectives.
9948

cso: 3403/26



At the same time, Zimbabwe's prosperity irrevocably depends on Western good
will, At the "Zim Cord" donor conference alone, almost 2 billion in aid was
promised, To many, socialism under the aegis of capitalist methods seemed
an acceptable program. Next to the Sudan, Zimbabwe presently is the largest
recipient of American aid in Black Africa.

The countries of the Soviet bloc which put their money and pinned their
hopes on Joshua Nkomo during the civil war are still on the outside look-

ing in.

But when Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang arrived for a state visit in January,
there were fraternal abrazos and kisses—an honor otherwise reserved for
Black African political leaders.

The Chinese, deftly playing at non-intervention, came bearing a gift: soon,
the soccer-mad Zimbabweans will be getting a new stadium as well as good
advice. In talks at the ministerial level, the Chinese warned the Zimbab-
weans of introducing precipitate change, based on their experiences with
the Cultural Revolutions China's premier also visited a large farm owned
and operated by whites-—in what almost amounted to a grandstand play.

At official functions, Prime Minister Mugabe leaves no doubt as to who

enjoys particular respect in his "socialist—bloc free" nation. Most am-

bassadors receive a simple handshake, But Mugabe grasps both hands of the

ambassadors of the Scandinavian countries, of Yugoslavia and Italy.
Opposition Leader's Views

Hamburg DER SPIEGEL in German 21 Feb 83 p 128

[Interview with Zimbabwean opposition leader Joshua Nkomo; date and place
not specified]

[text] [Snswer]-I have changed my mind, I am not giving any more interviews.
[Question] Why ? Is is because you are afraid for your own safety ?

[answer] That is a thought that sometimes crosses my mind. What would you
like to know ?

[Question] If you were prime minister of Zimbabwe—and you thought you
stood a good chance in the election 3 years ago-—-would you have gone about
things in a totally different way from the present government ?

[Answer] I am not prepared to give advice. That could be misinterpreted.
That would be dangerous.

[Question] It is said that the dissidents who are robbing and murdering
people in the south and west are your menses

55



SOUTH AFRICA

KWAZULU'S BUTHELEZI HITS ANC ACTIONS, CITES PLOT
MB080800 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1900 GMT 7 Mar 83

[Text] The chief minister of Kwazulu, Chief Buthelezi, says he is disap-
pointed by the provocative attitude of the African National Congress
which is calculated to denigrate him and the Zulu people. Chief Buthelezi
said in the Kwazulu Legislative Assembly at Ulundi that he was particularly
disappointed by the actions of the ANC perpetrated in the name of the
struggle of the black people. He said he believed the ANC was plotting

to assassinate him, but he was still prepared to offer the organization
his hand of friendship.

Chief Buthelezi also said the campaign of sanctions against South Africa
was only misleading people. He said it would be suicide for any black
South African to support sanctions against the country. He described last
year's United Nations attempt to mobilize sanctions against South Africa
as a complete and utter failure.

Chief Buthelezi said South Africa was faced with two alternatives: the
first was a system of one man, one vote in a unitary state, and the other
was devolution of power in the process of decentralization leading to
federalism. He stressed that any solution would entail transitional phases.

cso: 3400/879



SENEGAL

BELGIUM MAKES GRANTS TO VILLAGE HYDRAULIC PROJECTS
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 12-13 Feb 83 p 10

(Article: "two Billion From Belgium for Water Projects"]

[Text] Quadiour is the departure point for an entire
rural water program financed by Belgium for the Sine-
Saloum region. This program was concretized by the
placing of the "first stone" by the minister of Water
Resources (cf. LE SOLEIL 4 February 1983).

With a subsidy of 2 billion CFA from Belgium, Senegal
is going to proceed with drilling and water distribution
points in April 1983.

Belgium has just accorded a subsidy on the order of 2 billion CFA to
Senegal for work in the area of village and rural water supplies.

The phases preceding the launching of an operation of this size have been
completed. Since the bid-winning Belgium firm has been selected (Societe
Franki) and supplying is under way, the work can probably begin during
the month of April 1983. It is with this perspective of an early startup
of the project that the minister of Water Resources, accompanied by His
Excellency the Belgian. ambassador and by the representative of the Belgium
firm, symbolically placed the "first stone" of the program by proceding
with the implantations of construction sites planned for Quadiour (Gossas
department) as was related in the 4 February edition of LE SOLEIL.

At the request of Belgian Cooperation, the major portion of the operation
will be devoted to a single region, the Sine-Saloum. In this region,

in fact, the program will include the drilling of six wells, of nine
so-called "equipped" wells, of a so-called "basically equipped" well

and of two distribution "extensions."

The wells will receive water raising equipment including the placement
of manual pumps on each of them with a particularly durable design, and
several watering troughs. It should be noted that several wells will be
able to receive a mechanical system allowing operation of one of the
pumps by animal traction.

26


BUTHELEZI'S RACISM ACCUSATION--Ulundi--Swaziland authorities were yesterday
accused of having expelled Asians from the country after the death of King
Sobhuza II last year. Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, chief minister of Kwazulu,
made this accusation in the Kwazulu Legislative Assembly when he delivered
a stinging attack on Swaziland for pursuing the Ingwavuma land issue with
the South African government. He said Swaziland claimed to be nonracial
and democratic--yet the Swazi government had expelled a number of Asians.
King Goodwill had sent his wife, Princess Mantombi, daughter of former
King Sobhuza [as published], to Mbabane to intercede on behalf of the
Asians--to no avail. He asked whether this "racist" behaviour, reminiscent
of the actions of General Idi Amin, was "democratic." Chief Buthelezi
said Swaziland was far from being a democracy and was being ruled by "a
black racist minority"--the Dlamini Royal House. [Text] [MB050851
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 5 Mar 83 p 3]

cso: 3400/879

43



--Considering that recourse to intimidation, repression, and the use of
force against the people can only worsen, under present conditions, the
dissatisfaction which exists in the Casamance area and worsen local
nationalism and tensions which have developed there;

--Considering the clear choice of the AND-JEF movement for a Senegal which
is united, free, and prosperous, freed of all forms of exploitation and
of internal or foreign oppression;

--Considering that the AND-JEF program works actively and effectively for
a new Senegal :6f equality, justice, and social progress for all the sons
of our people, without distinction as a region, ethnic group, sex, or
religion’

--Considering that the stage of new democracy, one of transition toward
socialism, is the AND-JEF objective and that it presupposes unity in the
struggle of the patriots of the whole country under the leadership of the
revolutionary proletariat;

The Permanent Bureau of the AND-JEF MRDN [AND-JEF Revolutionary Movement
for a New Democracy]

--Reaffirms its unyielding support for the unity of our country and of all
the sons of our people, without distinction as to region, ethnic group, sex,
or religion;

--Vigorously condemns the repressive methods of the Abdou Diouf government,
which risks worsening the tensions which have broken out in the Casamance
region;

--Calls on all workers, all patriots and democrats in our country to open
their eyes to the grave threat which neo-colonial domination is posing to
the unity of our country;

--Issues a strong appeal to all revolutionary activists and to all of the
people to arm themselves with vigilance in order to defeat all’ the
provocations of the class enemy by working tirelessly for the strengthening
of the unity in combat of our working class and of our people on the path
to the national democratic and popular revolution.

The Permanent Bureau of the AND-JEF
MRDN Issued in Dakar, 3 January 1983

5170
CSO: 3419/572

25



CHAD

BRIEFS

BORDER CLOSING--According to our permanent correspondent in Ndjamena, Hissein
Habre's gang has decided unilateralty to close the border between Ndjamena

and the Cameroonian’town of Kousseri for 4 days following the shattering de-
feat of his men in Goura and Ounianga. These border closure measures are
often applied by the so-called Ndjamena authorities in order to [words in-
distinct] on the spot. The torturers of the Chadian people fear the increased
desertion of their fighters who join the anti-national forces who have lost
faith in Hissein Habre who continually leads them to death [words indistinct].
In spite of the compulsory oaths they swore, some of the FAN fighters have de-
serted their ranks. [Text] JAB112018 Bardai Chadian National Radio: (Anti-
Habre) in French 1800°GMT 11 Mar 83] .

STUDENTS FORCED TO ENLIST IN FAN--In earlier casts we spoke to you about the
creation in various places of denunciation committees led by [words indistinct].
We received’ some information 3 days ago which we are giving to you. Recently
Hissein Habre sent supplies to schools and called for the resumption of clas-
ses [words indistinct]. When the schools reopened several students went to
school. They were however surprised when the FAN forces encircled their
schools to enlist those in senior high school by force into the FAN. The
denunciation committees are strongly warned Jwords indistinct]. [Text]
JAB112111 Bardao Chadian National Radio (Anti-Habre) in French 1800 GMT 11 Mar

83)

COLLABORATION WITH HABRE WARNING--According to one of our permanent correspon-
dents in Ndjamena, the various administrations established inside the coun-
try by the National Annihilation Forces. [Hissein Habre's troops] are veri-
table dens of intelligence agents. All sorts of spies are said to be work-
ing in every public and private service. The Voice of Liberation ]Bardai
Radio] warns against any collaboration in the oppression of the Chadina peo-

ple. [Text] [AB092050 Bardai Chadian National Radio (Anti-Habre) in French
1815 GMT 9 Mar 83] ,

CsO: 3419/629



A Budget That Is Slow In Coming

Speaking of the forthcoming budget, Mr Berenger said this: "/That is why, as
usual, I did not come to deceive people, comrades. Others deceive me, but I
cannot deceive people; the year 1983 will not be any easier, comrades. The
negotiations we may have with the IMF and the World Bank will not be easy.
Both Aneerood and I are for saying the truth. If the World Bank and the IMF
tell us-‘we have gone the wrong way, that will be a disaster as Aneerood told
you the day before yesterday at Triolet. That will be a disaster: devalua-
tion for Mauritius. We.are not overly fond of the IMF and the World Bank:
our hands are tied, unfortunately, they are tied for the time being. We need
two or three years to recover our economic independence from others. It will
not be an easy year; the deficit of our balance of payments, our budget
deficit, all this will not be easy. There is no way unemployment can lose
ground in one,.two or three years. Month after month, year after year, it

is not going to be easy, believe me, in a context of international crisis./"

Education

The government does all it can for education. "/One among the merchants can
act like an idiot and break the momentum of the others. But high-schools
have no right to exist if not for poor parents and children, but teachers
must be protected and the government will do everything to protect them when
high-schools are closed./"

As far as civil servants are concerned, Mr Berenger stated that the govern-
ment wishes to avoid the kind of troubles that followed the publication of
the Sidambaram, Chesworth and Sedjwick reports. "/After that, we figured

that putting our heads together could take some time, but we could make a
single PRB Lexpansion unknown] report once and for all. We cannot start
again with the Sidambaram report, No 1, 2, 3, just like that./ 1983 will
also not be an easy year for the sugar industry. An investigation commission
was created and all workers in that industry, their unions and the planters
must cooperate in ensuring the commission's success."

"We Shall Break the Gangsters’ Backs"

The minister of finance made it a point to discuss a "burning question of

the hour": drug and crime. "/Aneerod, the MMM and all of us in the govern-
ment can break their backs. There are gangsters in Port-Louis, there are

all sorts of weapons, more weapons than even the Special Mobile Force has,
comrades! We must do away with drugs and gangsters in Mauritius. We have
full confidence in Aneerood Jugnauth, as prime minister backed by the govern-
ment, to succeed in breaking the backs of drug and gangsters. But we appeal
to the people, especially in those regions where there is drug, not to take
the law into their hands because, if they do, the police cannot do their job.
You must not take the iaw.into your hands. Have some patience. I can assure
you again that Aneerood Jugnauth, as prime minister, is determined to do away
with drug and gangsters, and that he can succeed./"

16



Conversely, South Africa is trying to exert greater influence on Zimbabwe—
in part by dubious means, Half of the staff of a ministry concerned with
state security in Harare is in Pretoria's pay by now and is working on

the overthrow of the Mugabe government.

For 15 years, the Boers kept white-ruled Rhodesia alive. In the election,
they put their money and placed their hopes on the wrong man, Bishop Abel
Muzorewa who has since gone into eclipse. No wonder then that this last
white government in Africa and the newest black state are locked in close
combat.

Without letup, Harare is blasting anti-apartheid slogans and other accusa=
tions at Pretoria. Just recently, Emmerson Munangagwa, the minister for
state security, accused the South Africans of maintaining four military
bases close to the border—which he identified by name and pinpointed on
the map--where Zimbabwean dissidents were being trained to engage in "sub-
versive activities." Harare also accused the "Voice of Free Africa," loca~
ted near Pietersburg in the northern Transvaal, of broadcasting propaganda,
and coded messages for the Mozambique resistance movement MRN.

Aided by South Africa, the MRN has been fighting with some success against
the leftwing Frelimo government of Maputo, In December, the insurgents
landed their most spectacular coup to date: they blew up a huge fuel dump
in the port city of Beira which supplied Zimbabwe with gasoline and diesel
oil over a 300-kilometer pipeline. Some days later, they set off a number
of explosive charges along the pipeline itself.

Because of this, thousands of perspiring Zimbabwean motorists have had
to push their cars to filling stations one foot at a time as they wait in
the long lines for fuel, In mid-January, one line in Harare went four
times around a particular block.

It was a unique experience to see how relaxed those waiting in line were.
Many of them brought portable TV sets and sleeping bags for the night;
some roasted hot dogs on their camping stoves. "After more than a decade
ef sanctions (under the Ian Smith regime), this does not faze me in the
least," said Brian Sanders, After 14 days in line—during which time the
pumps were shut down several times—-he got his 14 liters of gasoline.

Someone at the red velvet Can—Can Bar at Meikle's Hotel asked: "Have they
opened up the pipeline again ?" whereupon a jokester answered: "Yes, in
six different spots."

The capital newspaper HERALD, bought up with government funds, called for
the socialization of the oil companies—-and a shiver went through the Zim-
pabwean economy.

The situation in Zimbabwe is not likely to improve soon. In November, 600

soldiers were sent off to guard the pipeline in neighboring Mozambique.
But now the MRN threatens to shut off the fuel supply permanently.

53



ZIMBABWE

BRIEFS

INCREASED DEFENSE EFFORT SUPPORTED--People who complain about the recently
increased defense spending are led by a logic hard to comprehend. For almost
in the same breath they moan about the alleged deteriorating security situa=
tion. What should the government do? They glibly recommend a so-called
political solution without indicating the parties to such a political-solu-
tion-finding exercise. With raving bandits? Nkomo does not have the nerve
to speak for the hunted dissidents. In fact he has, for quite transparent
reasons not unconnected with fear, disowned them. In any case all the indi-
cations are that the security forces have already broken the backbone of the
dissident hierarchy and the lone elements are fleeing for their lives. It
is therefore clear that the government must insist on the military option to
bring peace and order in the western province. It must also move fast in the
training and establishment of an effective and country-wide people's militia.
The political scenario of this region most clearly demands such defense
preparations. [Text] [MBO70752 Harare THE HERALD in English 26 Feb 83 p 4]

NEW INSTRUCTORS' TRAINING--The national army intends to train 1,300 army
instructors by the end of June this year. This was disclosed by the minister
of state in the prime minister's office responsible for defense, Comrade
Sekeremayi, when he addressed 225 army officers and members of the British
military advisory training team at Inkomo barracks today. Comrade Sekeremayi
said the instructors will be the nucleus of high quality instructors in each
battalion. The British military advisory training team assisted by the
national army instructors has trained 555 army instructors on company com-
manding, weapons handling, helicopter operations and battlefield drill.
[Text] [MB050500 Harare Domestic Service in English 1745 GMT 4 Mar 83]

cso: 3400/881
END

60



SOUTH AFRICA

PARLIAMENT HOLDS SPECIAL DEBATE ON ‘SALEM AFFATR'
MB100940 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 1700 GMT 9 Mar 83

[Text] A memorandum compiled by the Strategic Fuel Fund Association, and
tabled in parliament today, says there are still active attempts by enemies
of South Africa to prevent the delivery of crude oil to the country. It feels
that public discussion of an issue such as the Salem affair would only serve
to discourage those who are still prepared to take risks in negotiating oil
deals with South Africa.

The secrecy of transactions, says the memorandum, is in no way intended to
withhold information. Despite the eventual financial loss of 25 million dol-
lars, sustained as a result of the Salem swindle, South Africa was able to
obtain crude oil at a critical moment andthus gain time to negotiate other
transactions.

The minister of mineral and energy affairs, Mr Piet du Plessis, says there is
still the possibility that South Africa can recoup the financial loss suf-
fered in the Salem incident. Taking part in the special debate in the assembly
on the affairs, he said the investigation had not yet been completed andi the
full facts were not known. The contentions of the Progressive Federal Party
member for Port Elizabeth Central, Mr John Malcomess, who had raised the mat-
ter in parliament, did not necessarily represent the actual events concerning
the Salem affair as no evidence had been led in court and no witnesses had
been cross-examined to determine the facts.

In his verdict in a court case in Britain dealing with the Salem affairs,

Mr Justice (Mustell) said the explanations given by two of the parties--
namely, Shell International Petroleum Company versus (Gibbs QBD)——-comprised
allegations that had not been examined by a court, and neither these allega-
tions nor any conclusions drawn from them carried any weight. For these rea-
sons, said Mr Du Plessis, he had not been able to attach credibility to

Mr Malcomess* statements by agreeing to their publication in terms of the
Petroleum products act.

Mr Du Plessis said the approriate parliamentary committee should investigate
an apparent contradiction in existing legislation regarding parliamentary
privilege. The government has appointed investigators to go through the mat-
ter thoroughlyin an attempt to recover some of the money, but since the

33



investigation has not yet been completed he wished to point out to members of
parliament that South Africa's interests were still at stake. The government,
he said, was not trying to cover up the facts of the Salem affair. Mr Du Plessis
said he respected the public's right to information, but the selfsame public
expected the government to maintain South Africa's interests at all times and
not to deal with details of strategic importance in such a way that these
interests were harmed.

The official opposition's chief spokesman on mineral and energy affairs,

Mr Malcomess, proposed an amendment to the motion calling upon the house to
reaffirm the right of a member to speak in the house without fear of prose-
cution, and also to reaffirm the #ight of the media to report what was said
in the house without fear of prosecution, and the right of the public to be
informed of facts. The amendment also calls for the appointment of a parlia-
mentary committee to investigate the Salem affair with a view to recovering
the lost funds, preventing a similar occurrence in the future and establishing
better parliamentary control over taxpayers’ money.

Mr Malcomess said he wished to make it clear that all the information he would
reveal had been obtained from Lloyds law reports, which were freely available
in Britain, from libraries in South Africa and from a book entitled "The
Piracy Business" by Barbara Conway, which was freely available in South Afri-
can bookshops. The memorandum on the Salem affair which had been provided

for members of parliament failed to answer crucial questions, such as why no
steps had ‘been taken to bring the crooks to justice, who no attempt had been
made “bo recover even part of the money and thwy the government, as he put

it, had covered up the details which had been published worldwide.

cso:  3400/910



ZIMBABWE

ANALYSIS OF ZIMBABWE INTERNAL PROBLEMS
End of ‘Zimbabwe Miracle’
Hamburg DER SPIEGEL in German 21 Feb 83 pp 126-130

[article by SPIEGEL editor Paul M Schumacher: "We Thought Freedom Would
Be Different"]

[fext] A Shona chieftain was unable to sell the land on
which his people lived. He could only lease it out to be
tilled. The land belonged to all, Today, that is called
socialism or communism, But the (white) settlers were
capitalists. They believed in the power of money, They
believed in the private ownership of land. [Excerpt from
a new history book for secondary school students in Zim-
pabwe]

The three men who offered a ride on their donkey cart to their compatriot
Marko Moyo seemed trustworthy enough. "Get on, comrade," they shouted to
him, addressing him in the fashion now customary in socialist Zimbabwe.
Corporal Moyo,on New Year's leave from the national army, accepted grate-
fully.

Like Moyo, the three men fought as guerillas for fat nationalist leader
Joshua Nkomo until the end of the civil war a good 3 years ago.

But in the grueling midday heat on the last day of 1982 the former com=
rades~in-arms soon got involved in a fight as a result of Moyo's boasting—
as Zimbabwe's SUNDAY MAIL later reported——of belonging to the new national
army, Moyo for his part claimed the three tried to take his money and a
ease of beer he had with him,

Whatever really happened, the corporal wound up badly injured at Mpilo
Hospital near Bulawayo, having been left by the three under a bush by the
side of the road 20 hours earlier,

49



SENEGAL

DETAILS GIVEN ON MEETING WITH GAMBIAN EXPERTS
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 5-6 Feb 83 p 4

[Article: "Senegambia: Information, Postal Services, Telecommmications:
Meeting of Experts Ends"]

[Text] Djibo Ka, minister of information and telecommunications, and
confederate minister in charge of the two sectors, presided late yesterday
morning over the closing session of the meeting of the commission of ex-
perts from Senegal and Gambia on the subject of information, postal ser-
vices and telecommunications that opened last Wednesday.

The purpose of this commission, which meets every 6 months alternately
at Banjul and Dakar, is to pursue the thoughts broached on integrating
the information, postal and telecommunication services in conformance
with the provisions of the confederate pact.

In a brief speech, Djibo Ka expressed the gratitude of the presidents
Abdou Diouf and Dawada Jawara, president and vice-president of the con-
federation, to the experts and thanked them for the remarkable work accomp-
lished in 3 days.

Recalling the words of president Abdou Diouf in his 1 February message
emphasizing that the proclamation of the confederation was of course a
very important step, but that much remained.to be done, Djibo Ka insisted
on the essential role of the experts and the cadres of the two nations in
the actual realization of the guidelines established for an effective
integration.

The minister emphasized the importance of information and telecommunica-
tions as a factor for reconciliation and better mutual knowledge as shown
by the decision of presidents Abdou Biouf and Dawada Jawara to make it

a confederate sector. The minister assured the experts that they have
the confidence of the president and vice president, as well as that of
the confederated council of ministers.

22



The former rulers had left behind a capitalist economy, organized along
color lines, The aim of the Mugabe government, on the other hand, is to
create an “egalitarian socialist society" as recently outlined in a plann=
ing paper on economic development over the next 3 years. But there isa
willingness to proceed along pragmatic lines to achieve this goal.

Until recently, the achievements of the government were nothing to be
ashamed of at all. The growth rate for 1980 stood at 14 percent; at 12
percent for 1981 and at 2 to 3 percent for 1982. As a result, there was
cause for jubilation in the richest African sub-Saharan nation aside from
South Africa and Nigeria, This year, however, chances are there will be
zero growth,

Faithful to its socialist credo, the government drastically raised the
minimum wage—-éven as measured against the at least 15 percent inflation
rate last year. But the question of private ownership of land—a good
third of the farmland still being owned by whites—was handledin the
old-fashioned capitalist way.

The state bought up some 3 million acres and parceled the land out to
small peasant cwpratives, Contrary to various predictions, total so-
cialization of industry did not take place, The following example gives an
indication of the procedure usually adopted. Recently, the government
ought up 40 percent of the shares in the Hwange coalmines and thereby
assumed the direction of the firm which until then had been run by the
Anglo-American group of South Africa, "We are very pleased," said John
Lander, director of Anglo-American and chairman of the mining chamber.

Real achievements and utopian pipedreams often exist cheek by jowl in
modern Zimbabwe. For example, plans are to resettle 162,000 families
totaling 900,000 people on 12-acre farms within the next 3 years.

fo reach this goal, almost 20 million acres or just under 50 percent of
all farmland would have to be bought up and that would cost almost DM 3
pillion. "If we thought that this would really happen, we would be ge-
nmuinely worried," Sinclair said drily.

"Over the past few months, the mood has deteriorated," Abner Botsh, the
plack president of the United Chambers of Commerce of Zimbabwe, admits,
last March, there were still 15 stock brokers active in Harares by the
end of the year, there were only four, two of whom were thinking of
closing up shop. In 1982, some 20,000 whites left Zimbabwe of whom 60
percent went to South Africa, Meantime, there has been a renewed influx
of physicians and engineers; but the middle class does not feel secure.
Administrative personnel and mechanics are leaving by the hundreds. Many
of them are gladly taken on by South Africa's arms industry which has
grown by leaps and bounds over the past few years.

52



GHANA

Briefs
Suggestion for Information Services

LIBERIA

Report on Doe Address in New Delhi
(Monrovia Domestic Service, 10 Mar 83)...cccccsccccseees wee

MAURITIUS

Mr Berenger Justifies His Policies in Speech at Flacq Center
(LE MAURICIEN, 3 Feb 83)....

.

Briefs
Indian Consultant Services
Swedish Aid
Reduced Food Consumption
Government Projects Postponed
Energy Consumption
Parastatal Bodies Corruption
Rice Purchase
USSR Tea Purchase
Foreign Currency Shortage

MOZAMBIQUE
Briefs
Resistance Claims
Guerrilla Operation Resistance Reports
River Agreements

NIGER

Briefs
Islamic Development Bank Loan

SENEGAL

Details Given on Meeting With Gambian Experts
(LE SOLEIL, 5-6 Feb 83)........ eee e ee eeeeenceceenees aeeeee

Statement of AND-JEF-MRDN on Casamance Disturbances
(JAAY DOOLE BI, Feb 83) ....ecccceeeeecc ccc en ee ceescccceneeee

Belgium Makes Grants to Village Hydraulic Projects
(LE SOLEIL, 12-13 Feb 83) ..cccsccecccecscccescceeccesccences

Thai Contract To Supply Rice Renewed
(Amadou Fall; LE SOLEIL, 5-6 Feb 83) ...ssccsccsscccsccevccees

-b-

11

12

20

20

21

22

24

26

28



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

BOTHA ON LISBON CONFERENCE--The minister of foreign affairs and information,
Mr Pik Botha, says the conference planned for Lisbon at the end of this month
can only serve as a vehicle for those forces intent on advancing conflict and
instability in Southern Africa. In a statement released in Cape Town he

said that while constitutional reform in South Africa was a reality and posi-
tive results were being achieved through ongoing negotiations between the
government and leaders of the various race groups, international efforts
were being made to reach a peaceful settlement in South-West Africa, and
hundreds of thousands of people from South Africa's neighboring states were
streaming into this country to find work. This conference was aimed to under-—
mine moves toward peace and stability in Southern Africa. Mr Botha said it
was meaningful that the Portuguese Socialist Party had dissociated itself
from the conference because it believed it was to represent only the Soviet
strategy in Southern Africa. For the same reason the socialist parties of
Spain and the Netherlands had also declined invitations to attend th con-
ference. [Text] [MB120648 Johannesburg Domestic Service in English 0500
GMT 12 Mar 83]

GRIQUAS' ‘RIGHT OF REGISTRATION--The chairman of the Griqua National Council,
Mr (Eric le Fleur), says the Griquas should be given the right to choose
whether they wish to be registered as Griquas or coloreds. Giving evidence
before the constitutional committee of the president's council in Cape Town,
he said the government should accord recognition in this way to the Griqua
people that they might acquire their own national pride. The government's
constitutional proposals were acceptable to the Griquas, although there were
defects and although the Griquas were not prepared to do military duty beyond
the country's borders.’ The guidelines should contain a declaration on human

‘rights, while aspects such as freedom of speech and belief and press free-

dom should be entrenched. All statutory measures aimed at promoting discrimi-
nation were unacceptable to the Griqua people. Mr (Le Fleur) called for the
nomination, rather than the election, of Griqua representatives to the colored
chamber in the new dispensation, as the Griquas were so scattered that their
delimitation into electoral constituenciés was not feasible. Griquas should
also be granted representation by nomination on provincial and local bodies

to ensure more effective participation in decisionmaking. [Text] [MB081906
Johannesburg Domestic Service in'English 1700 GMT 8 Mar 83]

41



SOUTH AFRICA

CAPE TOWN SHACK DWELLERS' PROBLEM

MB041644 Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 25 Feb 83 p 6
[Editorial]

[Text] It is not only incredible but somewhat tragic that government
officials seem to have such perverted views of the complex shack dwellers'
problem in Cape Town, to the extent that we are inclined to believe there is
deliberate obfuscation because the facts are so unpallatable.

A Mr H.A. Smit of the Western Cape Provincial Council accused the opposition
PFP in the local body, and specifically Mrs Di Bishop, of taking "illegal"
squatters into the crossroads area. There was heated debate at this

council meeting when Mr Smit made the allegation with members of the opposi-
tion shouting: "Prove it," and general inconsequential repartee of this
nature.

We are pained at the whole exercise even including the way in which splendid
people like Mrs Bishop seem to take part in a charade of this nature, when
the problem is so complex and so bad.

The point, it seems to us, is not whether Mr Smit can prove this extra-
ordinary allegation or not, but the way in which the problem is turned
into a somewhat ridiculous mud-slinging match.

The problem, at the bottom line, is government policy that the western cape
is a traditional coloured area. We do not even wish to know how this was
arrived at, but it is the height of infamy to regard black people in the
cape--whose forefathers met with the white man for the first time there-—
as illegals.

With this kind of pettifoging, as well as the deliberate perversion of
history, the problem of the Cape Town shacks is not likely to be solved.
There are a whole lot of other serious questions that should be addressed.
Certainly these squatters, like our erstwhile "temporary sojourners" in
urban areas, will not be wished away. They will keep on increasing in
their numbers until the problem becomes completely unmanageable. We are
thinking here of the failure of the government's homeland policy which in
a way is directly responsible for the massive influx of people into urban

39



division and subjection as well as peddlers of bogus ideologies. To be
vigilant first of all means to be ourselves, to fully assume the responsibility
for our existance and our future as a nation and to achieve success in accord-
ance with our philosophy and our own realities. [End recording]

cso: 3419/631



sion of the government," Sinclair adds. The only change is in the type of
weapons; now they have kalashnikovs at the ready instead of Western-made FN
rifles. The emergency radio system has been hooked up again and is once
again in operation day and night.

The advantage the white farmers have is that they merely have to play a
subsidiary role in the incipient conflict—-as opposed to the earlier role.
Over the past several months, to be sure, a number of lonely farm houses
were attacked and there are bandits lying in ambush at times who pose as
former Nkomo guerilla fighters.

But most of the victims of the "dissidents," as they are called officially,
are black. More and more frequently, buses are attacked; villagers are
robbed and terrorized and their huts are burned to the ground.

The road from the Ndebele capital of Bulawayo to the Victoria Falls—
where six tourists vanished without a trace last year—is a death route
once more, The Zimbabwe automobile association urges motorists to stay off
the road after 3 pm “on the advice of the police."

Nonetheless, frequent and embittered white claims that things are as pad
as they were "during the terrorist war" are probably exaggerated. "Iwo-
thirds of the country after all is at peace," Sinclair says in defending
Mugabe. During the past few weeks the government has begun secret talks
aimed'at a reconciliation with Nkomo against resistance within its own
ranks.

To be sure, law and order in large parts of Zimbabwe has in part been
achieved with the aid of drastic measures, Emergency legislation was pro-
longed once again, allowing the authorities to resort to random arrests
and call them security measures, Former leaders of Nkomo's army are behind
pars along with a number of white air force officers accused of having
een involved in acts of sabotage.

Is this the end of reconciliation policy then ? Is it the end of the
"Zimbabwe miracle" and of the astonishing moderation on the occasion of
the black power takeover ? "We do not think we have been 100 percent
successful; but I do think we deserve a medal," Prime Minister Mugabe says
and for all that his pride is not entirely unfounded,

Without a doubt, the young state is passing through a difficult phase—in
part through no fault of its own. In part it is due to a terrible, country-
wide drought and the world recession which has hit Third World debtor
nations particularly hard.

But there also is an impatient urge on the part of the leftwing government
to "realize social and economic goals which are creating difficulties for
the economy," as Aristone Chambati, Zimbabwe's former ambassador to Bonn
has put it, who just recently took over the director's job of a private
firm in Harare.

51



[Question] Are there any political ambitions you still have ?
[Answer] It was my great ambition to liberate this country.

[Question] In the election, your party came in a distant second, Are you
disappointed ?

[answer] Those were British elections. The real elections have yet to take
place.

[Question] Will you enter the lists again and fight for the leadership of
Zimbabwe ? You are 65 now and would then be one of the oldest heads of
government on the young black continent.

[answer] How old was Adenauer when he became chancellor. I hope that answers
your question.

9478
C80: 3420/5

57



GHANA

BRIEFS

SUGGESTION FOR INFORMATION SERVICES--A suggestion has been made for the
establishment of an information services department within the Commonwealth
secretariat for an effective promotion of the aims and objectives of the or-
ganization. The suggestion came from the acting western and central area
manager of the Ghana Tourist Board, Mr Osei Bonsu, at a lecture organized at
Takoradi by the Institute of Adult Education to mark Commonwealth Day. He
noted that the present trade imbalance between developed and developing
countries within the Commonwealth and the United Nations has been brought
about by the yawning information gap between the member states. The Common-
wealth Journalists Association should, therefore, make strong proposals and
formula for the setting up of such a department. Mr Bonsu also recommended
the decentralization of the Commonwealth secretariat in London and the estab-
lishment of branches of the secretariat in each member state. According to
him, the interchange of information on the economic and social problems facing
member states as well as their development potentials can best be handled
through the setting up of branches of the secretariat and information services.
Mr Bonsu also urged the Commonwealth to help promote tourism in member states
by sponsoring annual international tours among them. He said this will help
create what he called Commonwealth consciousness and better relationship among
the citizens of the club. Mr Bonsu asked the Commonwealth to give fuller
support to efforts by the United Nations and the nonaligned movement in their
search for a lasting world peace and security. [Text] [AB160812 Accra
Domestic Service in English 0700 GMT 16 Mar 83]

CSO: 3400/936

11



JPRS 83125

23 March 1983

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

No. 2775
CoNTENTS
ANGOLA
Briefs
Military Cooperation With CSSR 1
Delegation to Lisbon Frontline Conference 1
CHAD
| Briefs
Border Closing 2
Students Forced To Enlist in FAN 2
Collaboration With Habre Warning 2
ETHIOPIA
Agreement Reached on Repatriation of Refugees in Dj ibouti
(ADDIS ZEMEN, 5 Feb 83). 3
. Planning, Economic Development Campaign Expenses
(ADDIS ZEMEN, 3 Feb 83).. ss eeeee 4
Cuban, Nigerian Officials Visit Addis Ababa
(ADDIS ZEMEN, 3 Feb 83).. 6
GABON
| . Bongo Speaks on Party Anniversary
(Africa No 1, 12 Mar 83)...... reer rere rr sr rrrreryr rrr 8
GAMBIA
President Jawara Returns Frem France, Morocco
(AFP, 10 Mar 83).... wee eeeee rrrrer 10

-a- {III - NE & A - 120]



SENEGAL

BRIEFS

FRENCH LINE OF CREDIT--France has granted Senegal a line of credit of 10 bil-
lion CFA francs. The agreement was signed yesterday by Mamoudou Toure, min-
ister of planning and cooperation in charge of econoyy and finance, and Jean
Charpentier, director of the Central Fund for’Economic Cooperation, in

Dakar. This loan is part of the aid given by France to the Senegalese Go-
vernment for the implementation of its economic and financial recovery plan.
It is for a period of 15 years with a 5-year moratorium and is intended to
finance certain state investment expenditures, in particular public invest-
ments under the 1982-1983 capital budget and to contribute to certain sectors
of the economy, especially peanuts. It should be noted that the loans granted
by the Central Fund totaled approximately 20 billion CFA francs in1982. [Text]
JAB112139 Dakar Domestic Service in French 2000 GMT 11 Mar 83]

Cso: 3419/6321

32



MOZAMBIQUE

BRIEFS

RESISTANCE CLAIMS--The Mozambique National Resistance Movement ]RNM] has
announced that 17 Zimbabwean soldiers stationed in Mozambique have deserted.
A spokesman for the RNM, Mr Evo Fernandes, says the 17 Zimbabweans deserted
from their base at (Changala) in’ Tete Province on Wednesday, and they are
now with the movement. There are an estimated 3,000 Zimbabwean and 1,500
Tanzanian troops in Mozambique. Thé movement also said its forces had killed
29 members of the Zimbabwean and’ Mozambican armies in operations in four pro-
vinces during the past week, The operations included the derailment of two
trains 6n the railway line between Maputo and Zimbabwe. [Text] [BM111703
Johannesburg International Service in English 1500 GMT 11 Mar 83]

GUERRILLA OPERATION RESISTANCE REPORTS-~Lisbon, 10 Mar (AFP)-—-The Mozambique
Opposition National Resistance Movement (MNR) today announced its forces
killed 29 soldiers of the Zimbabwean and Mozambique national armies in guer-
rilla operations in four Mozambique provinces between March 3 and March 9.
The MNR's spokesman here, Evo Fernandes, said it attacked a goods train from
Zimbabwe between the villages of Mabalane and Canicado, in Gaza Province in

“ the south of the country, and a road convoy near the town of Xai-xai. Seven

soldiers were killed in the convoy attack, he said. The spokesman said the
guerrillas destroyed a column of vehicles in Tete Province, in the north of
the country, between Xangara and the Zimbabwean border, killing 22 Zimbabwean
soldiers who had been escorting the colum. ~Forces of the MNR also destroyed
a section of the railway line linking the Mozambique capital Maputo and Zim-
babwe, north of Magude, in Maputo Province, and water pipes supplying Beira,
the country's secon city, in Sofala Province in the north, near the village
of Massambisse, he said. [Text] [NC102005 Paris AFP in English 1940 GMT

10 Mar 83]

RIVER AGREEMENTS--The governments of Mozambique, Swaziland and South Africa
have concluded an agreement aimed at formalizing the utilization of their
common riyers--the Incomati and Maputo. According to ANGOP, quoting diplo-
matic sources in Maputo, talks are also wnderway on an agreement between
Mozambique and the Republic of South Africa‘on the Limpopo River shared by
both countries. [Excerpt] ]EA120439 Imanda Domestic Service in Portuguese
0500 GMI 11 Mar 83]

CSO: 3442/142



NOTE

JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.

Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
{] are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.

Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.

The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.

PROCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS

JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. In order-
ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and
author, if applicable, of publication be cited.

Current JPRS publications are announced in Government Reports
Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical
Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog of
U.S. Government Publications issued by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20402.

Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement
may be addressed to Joint Publications Research Service,
1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



SWAZILAND

BRIEFS

BAIL APPLICATION REFUSAL--Prince Mfanasibili and Chief Mfanawenkhosi Maseko
were this morning refused bail by the high court. Chief Justice Charles
Nathan said: "One must have some regard to the seriousness of this case.

It has some political and security flavour." "Sedition affects the security
and safety of the state." Prince Mfanasibili and Chief Maseko are charged
with contravening the sedition and subversive activities act. The case went
to the high court on appeal after an earlier application to the senior magi-
strates' court in Mbabane was refused. [Excerpt] JMB111546 Mbabane THE
TIME OF SWAZILAND in English 11 Mar 83 p 1]

cso: 3400/923

4h



SENEGAL

THAI CONTRACT TO SUPPLY RICE RENEWED
Dakar LE SOLEIL in French 5-6 Feb 83 p 4
[Article by Amadou Fall: "Thailand-Senegal: Rice Supply Contract Renewed"]

[Text] The contract for supplying Senegal with rice from Thailand has
just been renewed. The documents that sanction this agreement that took
place after two days of negotiations between the Thai and Senegalese dele-
gations were signed yesterday by commander Punnamee Pusri and his counter-
part, Falilou Kane, our minister of commerce.

The renewal of this government contract for the third consecutive year

will allow Senegal to import from the kingdom of Thailand between 320,000
to 370,000 tons of rice at an FOB Bangkok price of US $177 per ton (approxi-
mately 40,000 francs CFA).

This sale price will be revised periodically (every 3 months) as a func-
tion of the current market conditions. It should be pointed out that
in addition, and in conformity with the new provisions, the rest of the
order made in January 1982 within the framework of the previous contract
will be exchanged at US $171.

Maintaining this supply formula has numerous advantages for Senegal. In
fact, contrary to the other systems previously in force, it has allowed
"the regular supply of good quality and cheaper rice to the country."

According to Falilou Kane, "That is why for the past 12 months we have
experienced no interruption in the stock, nor speculation and even less
shortage. We owe that to the spirit of friendship and deep solidarity of
our Thai brothers."

After congratulating each other on the spirit of cooperation that reigns
between their two countries and that daily takes on the appearance of a
true "south-south dialog", the two ministers decided to "pursue their
efforts for the development of commercial exchanges between Thailand
and Senegal."

It is in this perspective that Falilou Kane emphasized specifically the
necessity "to encourage development of commercial relations between economic
agents of the two countries that should later complete the efforts already
initiated by the governments."

28°



"I think this assembly must say clearly to white South Africans that the
national party is leading them into deep political waters and in their name
creating dangerous situations and making mistakes which could become irre-
trievable. We from this assembly appeal to white South Africa to resist
this act of folly, on the part of the national party.

| CSO: 3400/879

37



Djibo Ka indicated that the proposals made on the subject of cooperation
in the area of radio broadcasting, the press, press agencies, postal and
telecommunication service will be examined with the greatest attention
and everything possible will be done in the shortest possible time.

9969
CSO: 3419/571

23



Professor Audu, brought a message to Comrade Mengistu Haile Mariam, chairman
of the Provisional Military Government, COPWE, and the commander-in-chief of
the Revolutionary Defense Force, from His Excellency Alhaji Shebu Shagari,
the President and commander-in-cnief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Before leaving, the Nigerian foreign minister stated that during his official
visit to Ethiopia he had discussions with Comrade Feleke Gedle Giorgis,
Ethiopian Foreign Minister and member of the Central Committee of COPWE,

on international and African affairs.

The Nigerian foreign minister had also carried a message to Mr Adam Kojo,
the general secretary of the OAU, from the Nigerian head of state. He said
that he had held discussions concerning the existence of the OAU. While
in Kenya the Nigerian Foreign Minister will see His Excellency Daniel Arap
Moi, President of Kenya, who is currently the chairman of the OAU. In
Nairobi, he will hold discussions with Mr Daniel Arap Moi about the
well-being of the organization and on other matters of international issue.

On leaving Addis Ababa, the Foreign Minister was seen off at the airport by
Comrade Feleke Gedle Giorgis; Mr Kojo, general secretary of the OAU;
Ambassador Peter Onu, assistant general secretary of the OAU; A.E.J.
Blankson, Nigerian ambassador to Socialist Ethiopia; and members of the
Nigerian Embassy.

9948
cso: 3403/26



knew, there had been no contact between his government and the Zimbabwean
Government over the announcement. The department could not be contacted,
and no comment was available from the Zimbabwean Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

: At its closest point, the school is about 35 km north of the Botswana bor-
der. ‘ :

cso: 3400/911

59



TANZANIA

TRADE TALKS WITH MOZAMBIQUE OPEN IN DAR ES SALAAM
EA142347 Dar es Salaam Domestic Service in Swahili 1300 GMT 14 Mar 83

[Text] The minister for trade, Ndugu Mustafa Nyang'anyi, has called on develop-
ing countries to strengthen economic cooperation as part of a major effort to
bring about a new world economic system.

Speaking at the opening of a subcommittee meeting of the standing committee
for trade cooperation between Tanzania and Mozambique, which began in Dar es
Salaam today, Ndugu Nyang'anyi said prevailing international economic problems
are a result of the capitalist trade system. He said that in order to rectify
the situation the developing countries should engage in a fierce struggle for
economic independence. He said that the struggle for economic independence is
difficult and requires. time, and is therefore the strong duty of the developing
countries to undertake their economic cooperation step by step until they
achieve genuine economic freedom.

Ngugu Nyang'anyi said the increase in trade between Tanzania and Mozambique
from 141 million shillings in 1978 to 158 million shillings last year, is a big
step, and he called for the further strengthening of trade for the benefit of
the citizens of both countries. He said the prevailing trend of African
countries trading more with overseas countries than with African countries
should be changed so as to make African natural resources benefit Africans.

Speaking at the meeting, the head of the Mozambique delegation, Ndugu Prakash
Ratilal, who is the acting foreign trade minister and governor of the Bank of
Mozambique, said the main aim of economic cooperation between the two countries
is to fulfill the requirements of the citizens of both countries and thereby
raise their standard of living.

The meeting, which began today, will end tomorrow, when a joint communique will
be issued.

cso: 3449/20

45



CONSPIRACY TO ASSASSINATE NYERERE--Dar es Salaam: The number of persons ac-
cused of conspiting to remove the government by illegal means has increased
from 28 to 29. Speaking for ‘the prosecution side, Ndugu (Tatu Omari) told a
Kinondoni businessman, (Sulemani Seif Nasoro), had been implicated in the
plot to overthrow the government early last month. Reading the charges, the
Kisutu resident magistrate, Ndugu Masanche, said between December 1982 and
January this year, the 29 accused conspired to cause the death of and dis-
pose the president of the United Republic of Tanzania. He said they also
conspired to overthrow the government through illegal means. Ndugu (Majipia),
an advocate for a Dar es Salaam businessman, Rajani, who is one of the accused,
expressed his concern over the delay by the prosecution in finalizing their
investigation. He therefore appealed to the court to put more pressure on
the prosecution to speed up their investigation. The accused were remanded
until the case comes up for another mention on the 25th of this month. [Text]
[EA112147 Dar es Salaam in English to East Central and Southern Africa 1600
GMT 11 Mar 83]

cso: 3400/921

47



GAMBIA

PRESIDENT JAWARA RETURNS FROM FRANCE, MOROCCO
AB101716 Paris AFP in French 1422 GMT 10 Mar 83

[Text] | Banjul, 10 Mar (AFP)--Gambian President Dawda Jawara returned to
Banjul on Wednesday afternoon after a 104day trip abroad during which he
notably made an official visit to France and Morocco.

In a statement to the press shortly after his arrival, the president pointed
out that France has expressed its readiness to participate through Thomson-
CSF in the installation of a computerized telecommunications center in Banjul.

France will also continue to participate in the cotton industry in Gambia,
which will enhance the diversification of Gambia's agricultural production
as well as improve the living conditions of rural dwellers, he added.

An audio-visual center for the teaching of French will also be established
in Banjul where the teaching of French has developed considerably since the
creation of the Senegambian Confederation.

Speaking on his visit to Morocco, the Gambian president stated that Morocco
would be granting stholarships to Gambian students within the framework of the
economic and technical cooperation between the two countries.

Also, Morocco has expressed its readiness to participate in the construction
of the Banjul Central Mosque, a project which was launched in 1979 with Libya's
assistance. "But the project was being used by Libya as a cover for its sub-
versive activities in our country," President Jawara stated.

In this connection, Gabmia broke its diplomatic relations with Libya after
the July 1981 coup attempt in Banjul which was aimed at overthrowing Presi-
dent Jawara's regime.

CsO: 3419/629

1o