First major encroach-
ment on the preserve of the
once hallowed Black
Administration empire
came when the Cabinet

‘agreed to refer the pend
three “Koornhof fis’ te
the Select Committee on
‘the Constitution rather

let Ki ‘3 Select
Committee on Co-operation
and Development.

The second encroach-°
ment was not far behind.

urban

ted under the chairmanship
of Mr Heunis. Co-operation
and Development lost

ready

out. Constitutional Devel-
opment scored.

Tireless

And now indications ‘are
that Minister Heunis — al-
the Parlia-
men! committee deal-
ing | with urban black

lation and heading a
Cabinet committee
at urban black rights —
be assuming even more re-
sponsibilities relating to
black affajrs, It is the slow
wind-down of Co-operation
and Development in its pre-
sent form.

* But there is a fourth are-
by fulnisterial res ons
is’s influential position —

_ that of planning. Under this

- is enormous, the complex-

The Power Graph of His Climb to Influence

KEY items on the power graph of Mr
Carls Heunis's elitth to Sitkence:

@ July 1982; Appointed Minister
Constitutional Developent of
we Smt tae

lect ittee on the Consti-
tution, hears evidence on the three
“Koornhof Bills” on urban blacks dur-
ing 1982 ‘and 1983.
‘© 1983: Appointed chairman of the

Cabinet Committee tical rights
for urben blacks e Viel eae

CsO: 3400/2141

heading falls a range of
connecting development
and forward planning work ,
that puts the tireless Minis-;
Yer at the centre of much of | °
the multilateral discussions
between Pretoria and the
self-governing states.

The diversity of ‘issues
handled by Minister Heunts

ities often daunting.

Bat eetiner range nor
compl appears to de-
ter Constitutional Develop-

ment’s top dog — indeed
the fervour for accretion of
power somesimes tends ed
the improl — like
time the Minister inherited
by proclamation the re-
sponsibility for implement-
ing the Political Interfer-
ence Act and then forgot he
had the power.

‘The standard joke in Par-
lament is that if Chris
Heunis was run down by a
bus nobody would know ex-
actly what the “new dis-
pensation” was. Humorous,

: sure, but perhaps a touch of
truth.

: BC Pottinger, 77 Burg
_ apes ge

ome Janeary 3 108y Mr Hani t

Janu: q leunts takes
chalr of the Counell for the Covrdines
tion of Local Government Affairs —
the focus of the third-tier government

‘| @ During 1983 and 1984 chairs mul-
« tilateral development meetings draw-

“proclamation reg;

56

ing in the self-governing homelands.

@ November, 1983: Assumes »

Pe
aia

ility fc i-
itical Interforess



29. Alphonse Mboudo-Nesa 53. Francois Yvon Enkoura

30. Jean-Baptiste Tati-Loutard 54. Clement Mouamba

31. Antoine Ndigna-Oba 55. Pierre Moussa

32. Fulgence Milandou 56. Daniel Abibi

33. Wilson-Abel Ndessabeka 57. Jean-Francois Obembe
34. Serge Raymond Mviri 58. Alphonse Gondzia

35. Gabriel Emouengue 59. Celine Eckomband

36. Jean Royal Kississou-Boma 60. Elise Gamassa

37. Ngouonimba-Nezari 61. Alice Badiangana

38. Michel Gangouo 62. Jeanne Dambendzet

39. Jean-Jacques Nicolas Mvouenze 63. Ballay Megot

40. Paul Mbot 64. Vital Balla

41. Boniface Bouka 65. Mbys Assolant

42. Edouard Okombi 66. Paul Ngatse

43. Norbert Dabira 67. Emmanuel Elenga

44. Michel Ngakala 68. Jean-Marie Mokoko

45, Hilaire Mounthault 69. Guy Pierre Garcia

46. Benoit Moundele-Ngollo 70. Norbert Ngoua

47. Camille Bongou 71. Richard Bongo

48. Bernard Combo-Matsiona 72. Maurice Claude Malela Soba
49, Charles Madzous 73. Jean-Francois Tchibinda
50. Alphonse Foungui 74. Clement Mierassa

51. Celestin Goma-Foutou 75. Edgar Diafouka Bambela

52. Ambroise Noumazalaye

The Central Committee, in turn, elected a political bureau of 13 members, the
responsibilities of which will be defined later in the course of the estab-
lishment of the Central Committee structures.

The Political Bureau is composed as followed:

1. Denis Sassou Nguesso 7. Pierre Nze

2. Camille Bongou 8. Raymond Damase Ngollo

3. Louis Sylvain-Goma 9. Francois Xavier Katali

4. Ange Edouard Poungui 10. Jean Ganga-Zandzou

5. Lekoundzou-Itihi-Ossetoumba 11. Hilare Mounthault

6. Jean-Michel Bokamba~ 12. Antoine Ndinga-Oba
Yangouma 13. Bernard Combo-Matsiona

The Central Committee also elected the members of the Central Party Control
and Verification Commission. The commission is made up as follows:

--President--Andre Obami-Itou
--Vice president--Charles Madzous
~-Members--Edouard Okombi, Josephine Mountou~Bayonne and Richard Bongo.

In conclusion, the delegates to the congress congratulated the party leader-
ship for the activities undertaken in preparation for the Third Regular Con-
gress of the party and the successful material organization of the congress,
particularly where the working documents were concerned.

22



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mation was summarized or extracted.

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1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201.



BULGARIAN EDUCATION ASSISTANCE HAILED

Lusaka THE TIMES OF ZAMBIA in English 17 Aug 84 p 7

{Text]

cso:

3400/2142

ZAMBIA has welcomed Bul-
garia’s assistance in offerin,
political education to UNI
cadres,

Freedom House deputy
administrative secretary Mr
Franklin Malawo said. this
yesterday when he presented
certificates to candidates who
attended a 10 month political
and economic —_ education
course in Bulgaria.

Mr Malawo told the..Bul-
garian ambassador Mr Ivan
Petrov at the ceremony that
his country’s offer came at a
time when Zambia was trying
to follow the footsteps of
socialist countries to achieve
its revolutionary goals.

-As_ a developing nation,
Zambia could only progress‘if:
it was armed with knowledge;

He-was grateful to the leader-*

ship of Bulgaria for sacrificing
to share what they had.

“Genuine friends are those
who provide services at a time
they are required.”

He said the training being
offered was serious and meant
a great deal to the nation be-
cause it was being given in
areas where the country had
little facilities.

Mr Malawo hailed the exist-
ing friendship between the
two countries and hoped it
would continue for the benefit
of the peoples of the two na-

ions.

“We assure you that we
cherish your work dearly
both in the field of manpower,
training and the support you
ate rendering to Southern
Africa in general.”

Mr Petrov said it was
important that such training
continued because it gave
the . nation self-confidence
which was a prerequisite to
the acquisition of knowledge.

He hoped that the training
of these individuals would
benefit the nation as a whole
and wished the country pros-
perity under the leadership of

The course, which was con-
ducted at the academy for
social sciences and manage-
ment was attended by 29 Party
leaders drawn from various
levels in the country.

Since 1976, the Party and

its Government have’ been,

able to send leaders as
well as trainees in other
fields to Bulgaria and the pro-
gramme still continues.

116

ZAMBIA



SOUTH AFRICA

NATIONALISTS URGED TO BROADEN VIEWS, POLICIES
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 19 Aug 84 p 25
{Article by Darryl Phillips]

[Text]
THERE is a total onslaught against South Between the incredibl
Africa, and it is almost totally economic. technology of the United
And because it is economic and diversified States and the unbounded
|— indeed, to some extent sporadic — it has far efficiency and productivity
more chance of final success than any mili- of th ast we are being
itary or guerrilla actions can achieve. f frees that are already de
Worst of all, it is barely perceived or under- : litating Euro pe, and must
, therefore inadequately countered. pilitadin itably th threaten our
Not only do we not know that we are under :
attack, but we are also so divided that I'm not "Wear bing being forced into
sure we can handle the attack even if we were rie ion no more
to understand all its ramifications and impli- . ‘and ous tne ma-
yeations, : preci
! which the technologies of
Our political leaders are so concerned with “our trading partners
micro with internal conflicts and sec- ‘placing of pil rept
toral int , that they have lost sight of the ting of al epac,
macro issues. ‘They ignore external conflagra- need to economic-
tions while they spend ally as entrepreneurial
time 6 sparks, it Third World coun-
The internal division notably in Africa,
pith Atrikanerdom has have hae poled management
turn their eyes inward — gnly. We cannot afford to
and this is precisely why we ow that example, for if
are not perceiving or meet- Fa 00 wre are in erent dan-
ing the real economic fe ef regressing, ultimate-
threat to South Africa. ‘World country our-

Let’s examine that

Challenges

Let's look at the West--at the First World to which we aspire. In the US
business acumen and intelligence are harnessed with political leadership--
businessmen are involved in the management of the country, and there is
recognition that political management alone is inadequate in meeting the
challenges from external competitors.

65



SOUTH AFRICA

MULDER'S POLITICAL FUTURE VIEWED
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 2

[Text] THE re-entry of former Information Minister Dr Connie Mulder to public
office--as a President's Councillor—-could be bumpy.

Sections of the Transvaal National Party are manoeuvring to introduce a motion
censure to Parliament when Dr Mulder is nominated for the President's Council
on a Conservative Party ticket.

But Mr Alex van Breda, the NP's Chief Whip, said this week he had no knowledge
of the move and could not comment on it.

Behind the proposed move lies a desire in some NP quarters to further embarrass
the CP "crown prince hopeful" over his role in the Information scandal when
he lied to Parliament about State funding of the Citizen.

There is some confusion, however, whether the House of Assembly would be con-
petent to pass a vote of censure on a member of the President's Council--a
separate body and not strictly part of the legislative arn.

Unrepentant

Had Dr Mulder been returning directly to Parliament he would almost certainly
have faced a call for a select committee of inquiry into his actions in 1977
when as Minister of Information he told Parliament there was no State money in
the Citizen--an Informaténn«scandal front publication.

The Conservative Party has nominated Dr Mulder as a member of the President's
Council in terms of the constitution which allows:‘opposition parties representa-
tion on the deadlock-breaking body.

The burley Dr Mulder was quite unrepentant at the Conservative Party congress
in Pretoria this week. He said he had no regrets about his actions as Minister
and would do the same again if necessary.

He also said he had been denied the opportunity to defend himself against
charges and was looking fowward to doing so in the future.

cso: 3400/2141

76



The problem to which you refer is especially found at the executive level. Our
comrade president assigned the minister of youth and sports the job of organizing,
Jointly with the CDR (Committees for Defense of the Revolution), the antiimperial-
ist youth conference in a unified way. That couldn't be done. It was felt that
Minister Ibrahima Kone was in some way responsible and the president took the
necessary measures. However, tensions are subsiding and an exchange of corre-
spondence has made it possible to clarify the situation. I repeat: let's not
dramatize, let's not dramatize anything, even if the media has fanned the flames
of this affair. As for those attempting to pit the LIPAD and ULC against each
other, I can say that there aren't any contradictions, but rather there are
differences, which do not jeopardize the government coalition in any way. The
main enemy is imperialism and all progressive Burkina forces must unite against it.

11915
CSO: 3419/853

12



as among the whites. It is
therefore highly probable
that the success or fail-
ure of candidates in the
forthcoming elections
will depend not so much
on the party to which the
candidate belongs but
rather on the significance
of the aspirant’s standing
and worth in the
community.

The NIC in sharp relief
remains true to its rad-
ical, confrontationist an-
tecedents of the post 1945
era. In calling for a boy-
cott of the elections the

- president of the NIC,
' George Sewpershad,
maintains that the NIC

“is committed to the
democratic way of life”.

He condemns the Tri-
cameral system as “‘sus-
pect promises of reform
and hollow gestures of in-
vitation to the laager”.

In 1984, then, unpro-
ductive political rhetoric
and diatribe obscures the
burning issues confront-
ing the Indian communi-
ty. The situation is pain-
fully familiar of the hec-
toring and ranting of In-
dian politicians of the
1940s.

The jibes and invective
of opposing groups today
are as pedestrian as
those of their predeces-

_Sors. And there’s the rub.

‘The Indian community
needs to present a solid
phalanx in order to be a
monolithic force and cat-
alyst for change. But
such unity is sadly
lacking.

In the final analysis,
the difference in the
1940s and the present ra-
tionalisation of political
activity is that in the for-
mer period the Indian
community had to cope
with a bizarre, race-ob-
sessed white society
which proved intransi-
gent in granting any

democratic rights what-

soever to the Indians.
In the latter period,

while racism is not com-
pletely expunged, none-
theless a modicum of
power will be bestowed
on the Indian community
who will elect their own
representatives as Mem-
bers of Parliament, for
whatever that is worth.
However, in 1984 as in

“ the 1940s, Indian politics

remains nothing more
than the politics of pro-
test and compromise.

For the Indian commu-
nity this intractable
problem cannot but be
perpetuated. until all citi-
zens of South Africa
share power as equal
members of a South
African nation.

THIS is confusing ... they all say they speak for Mahatma Gandhi.

cso: 3400/2141

71



PRICES OF ESSENTIALS IN KADUNA GO UP BY 200 PERCENT

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Jul 84 p 16

{Article by Tajudeen Ajibade)

[Text]

cso:

EFFORTS made by the

‘pvermenent of Kaauna te tor
flood the marxets with essent

commodities, have been
‘thwarted by middle-men, in con-
nivance with some officials of
supermarkets’ and government
role in ast of their Gubious
prices of all commodities have
gone up by almost 200 per cent.

gelling comma
known middle-m: en who, on cum,

“resell at Saag iene es twas

gathered from
always phir Nanna

commodities, that officials en-
trusted with the selling of these
items hoard the materials and
sell them to middlemen.

‘Those interviewed at the

mises of
Ps Premises oF Pie gupermartss

3400/2139

tio! ur reporter ‘in,
caren
tee nrtmorlties wey

‘GBO and_ John Holtal Pa

Kaduna — com
Jukewarm atti of ofcials
and law enforcement
Scking te abo
aubeyalle that commodities
ee erect milk,
Eee eiteearsa
were openly sold af a sold ata
siny intervention, scot
the officdtls also have a out-
side where they
asstomers ‘to go and hase

ooking or tha oer ae
‘easy loo for their own share
of such commodities.

Atthe Kaduna Ceniral Market,
alleged that 1 etme

feme traders
venture manager in
the big stores said fo be Involved

in the deal dismissed the allega-
tions ‘when contacted.

29

" NIGERIA



cso:

3400/2141

Building has been directed by the ANC’s team,
aided by expatriates, while big sections of the road
and civil engineering have been done by a Norwe-
gian firm. Tanzanian labour is used. When the
project is complete, it will be home to more than
2000 people.

The secondary school complex, which is at the
core of the’ concept, provides for students from
Form One to Form Five (Matric) and- teaches a
range of subjects including mathematics, physics,
chemistry, ‘biology, English and geography. Students
sit external examinations of the London University
Examination Board in these subjects and are often
sent for university or college education on scholar-
ships to African, American, West and East European
institutions.

Subjects such as history, the development of so-
cieties, music and culture are taught with the ANC’s
own ideological interpretation, and students are
tested in them by the organisation’s own examiners.

Emphasis is placed on mathematics and science,
because they have proved to be weak areas for
South African-educated students, said a teacher.

Political discussions

Students were obviously highly-politicised. Two
days each week are set aside for “political discus-
sion”, and senior students prepare a nightly “news
bulletin”, compiled from radio news programmes
from the West and socialist countries, and reflecting
events around the world from the ANC’s ideological
standpoint.

Staff at the school were reluctant to give their
approach any particular ideological label, however.

Headmaster Mr Tim Maseko said: “Of course we
teach politics. Politics is the science of living. And
we teach about the important contributions made to
society by people like Marx and Lenin.

“But I wouldn't say that we teach any particular
line. We let the students decide. After all, we have
many different schools of thought within the ANC
itself — some very radical and some very conserva-
tive. .

Religious instruction and observance have no
place in the school’s timetable.

The day’s activities start at 6am, and include les-
sons and afternoon programmes of sport, culture,
political discussion or labour.

There are just over 300 students in the high school
and 23 staff members, although the schoo! will be
able to house 1 000 pupils eventually.

A primary school, for about 200 pupils, has been
set up in temporary quarters in one of the former
estate buildings, while more classrooms are being

uilt.

The children are mainly those of ANC exiles, and
many have parents who were kicked out of Swazi-
land, Lesotho and Mozambique recently in the wake
of the Nkomati Accord.

100



POLICE SAID NOT WELL EQUIPPED FOR RELIGIOUS RIOTS

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 8 Jul 84 p 4

[Article by Etim Inyang]

[Text]

cso:

THE Inspector-General of
Police, Mr. Etim Inyang, on Fri-
day told the tribunal of. inquiry in-
to the Jimeta disturbances in
Yola that the police were not ade-

“quately equipped to execute their
duties in clashes between
religious groups.

He said thar all major recom-
mendations by the Aniagolu
Panel of Inquiry into the Kano
Teligious disturbances in 1980
that affected the Police Force
had been implemented except

equipping it.for operational pur-

poses, and attributed this to lack
offunds. ~

Mr. Inyang said that the Police
Force was not supplied with
records of aliens by either the
NSO or the immigration depart-
ment as recommended by the
Aniagolu Panel.

Also testifying, the Director of
Immigration, {ji Lawal Sam-
bo, said net the earpmmenda-
tions as affected his depart-
ment had not been implemented
in

full.

He said that the department
“was not yet nsible for the
: registration of aliens and that the
“provision of sufficient opera-

Fonat staff and equipment had
not been met. .
Alhaji Lawal told the tribunal
that no joint patrol unit compris-
the Army, Police, NSO and
; the Department of Immigration
was formed before the military
take-over. He added that his
department could not take over
the registration of aliens from the
NSO because the defunct Na-
tional Assembly did not enact a

3400/2139

* not be in the pul

law to effect the transfer.

‘ He said that French was being
taught in the immigration train-
ing school in compliance with the
acquisition of language skill for
immigration officers recom-
mended by the tribunal.

Alhaji Lawal also. said that
most junior members of staff
were being recruited from the
areas where the department’s of-
fices were pocated to ease

inguage problems.

Earler, the Chairman of the

Tribunal, Mr. Justice Lawal
Uwais, said that the tribunal had
six weeks to submit its report to

* the Head of State and warned
that anybody who refused to at-

tend this inquiry when summon-
ed would be summarily punished
with a fine or imprisonment,

He said that the tribunal would
sit in public, except when it would

i lic interest for

any particular matter to be
publidly diseled .

The tribunal, which began sit-
ting at the defunct ‘house of
assembly hall, Jimeta-Yola on
Friday, was set up by the Head of
State, Maj.-Gen. Muhammadu
Buhari, to probe the cir-
cumstances; involvement of

or persons and determine
Motives. behind the distur-

The tribunal is also to identify
the political social, economic
and other problems which caused
religious disturbances in of
the country, the role'of law en-
forcement’. agencies, including
oe Army, an to assess t the loss

ives ai Property e
disturbances. (NAN). "8

36

NIGERIA



The National Party
seems likely to retain its

-character, with a tough

white middle-class consti-
tuting its primary politi-
cal base, he says. .

“In general terms, vio-
lence has tended to break
out in societies where re-
gimes apply controls
- which are erratic, hesitant
and ineffective.”

PARALYSED

Professor Giliomee con-
tends that there is little,
chance of the National
Party becoming paralysed
“by the ap) it march to
victory of a “lower-class
reactionary white party”.

He says the former will
be able to count on strate-
- gic English support in
elections, helped by the
manipulation of news.
The Government seems

likely to retain its ability
to control the leadership
of black organisations and
movements by rewarding
collaborators and remov-
ing or punishing those who
do not collaborate, he
adds. .

Non-collaborationist or-
ganisations, like the Unit-
ed Democratic Front and
the National Forum, al-
ways face a crackdown
the moment they show the

‘potential for seriously

challenging the Govern-
ment’s collaborators —
not to speak of the State
itself.

“At any lower level of
political mobilisation, the
State is quite happy to tol-
erate their existence, even
if it is only to infiltrate
the organisation to iden-
tify the activists.”

Professor Giliomee

does not expect the ANC
to overcome the formida-
ble obstacles to waging a

successful revolutionary -

war over the next 16

rears.

South Africa’s well-de-
veloped infrastructure
allows for rapid mobility
of the Government forces
in rural areas, he says,

INFILTRATION

“In the cities, the Secu-
rity Police will probably
continue to curb the ANC
by heavy infiltration of its

* lower levels,

“The ANC can only
grow into a formidable
challenger of the state if
increasing numbers of un-
employed and frustrated
black youths ‘skip ‘the
country and the ANC suc-
ceeds in establishing
bases and camps in’ an

Grim Future for Blacks

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 14 Aug 84 p 12

“ “One expects that by —
[Text] the year 2000 conditions
- wn . in the homelands will not
Professor Giliomee {be much different from
paints a grim picture of ‘today — except that
the future of the there will be many more
homelands and black _—jpeople grimly struggling

urban concentrations in {to survive. +

the next 16 years, writes

David Braun.

It appears that the
situation in the
homelands will
deteriorate over this
period, unless South
Africa enjoys an
unexpected economic
boom.

cso: 3400/2141

VIOLENCE

“And the homelands

ill be far more violent

ith large scale crime,

iolence, banditry,
faction fights, cattle
“rustling and the
occasional palace coups
jand revolutions:

“Fearing for their per-
sonal safety, whites will
avoid visiting large areas
of the homelands.

“Most homelands will
probably be corrupt and
despotic. Some of the
homelands may well be-
come the Sicilies of new
black mafias.”

He attributes much of
this to the rapidly widen-
ing cleavage between
those who can find work

as migrants or in the

homeland economy, and

African state near South
Africa.

“South Africa would in
all likelihood maintain its
strong-arm stance while
harnessing economic in-
centives to force countries
“along its north-eastern
borders to expel ANC gue-
rillas.”

This will in all likeli-
hood achieve the desired
results. However, South
Africa is running the risk
of a major strategic mis-
calculation which could
Tet the ANC in.

Professor Giliomee
‘adds: “Pressed too hard,
the government of a black
‘state in the region, such as
-Angola, may decide to put
‘itself squarely in the Rus-

. Sian camp and also be-
‘come a fully-fledged sanc-
‘tuary for the ANC.”

“Nonetheless, for the

those who cannot. sake of sheer survival,
Homeland citizens will squatters will continue to
increasingly be caught in converge upon South
adouble squeeze.Onthe African and homeland
one hand, growing urban areas, pushing the
numbers can no longer rate of urbanised blacks

live from the land. On the up from the present

other, residents will find 38 percent to well over
it ever more difficult to 50 percent by the year
find jobs outside subsis- 2000.”
tence agriculture. On that basis a further
The depression of 10 million blacks will
social and economic have to be settled in the
conditions in homeland ‘urban areas by 2000, and
rural areas will besuch despite Government
that they will inevitably attempts to deflect the
Bive rise to rapid and stream, most of them
chaotic urbanisation in will converge on the
the form of squatting. country’s four
SQUATTERS metropolitan areas.
“Homeland~ PRESSURE
governments will _ _ There will be a break-
continue their attempts down of law and order as
to curb squatting through _ whites fight to prevent a
removals, refusing to. lowering of their living
provide services in standards in the face of
sSquatter camps and tremendous pressure on
discriminating against their facilities and
‘squatters at the labour resources and migrants
bureaux. . turn'to crime to survive.
61



ROADS SAID INADEQUATE TO GET PRODUCE OUT

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 1 Aug 84 p 1

(Editorial: "Mambilla's Travails"]

[Text]
THE Nigerian Televi-

» Sion Authority carried

an astonishing report
n its network program-

* me last week about the
* Mambilla_ Plateau of
: Gongola State.

According to the re-
ort, badly-needed
jodstuffs produced in
the area, famous for its
rich fertile lands, could
hot be evacuated due to

: the infamous reason
: that there is no motor-
: able road leading into

Or out of it. The visual
: Feports showed trucks,

desperate enough to at-

: fempt_a drive up the

mire. that goes for the
Toads, sunk to their
trunks and bogged
down. Other cameras

_ Caught milkwomen
: throwing away milk

they could neither con-
sume nor sell; sweet,
unadulterated miik
Nigerians trapped in the
cities are dying to

CSO; 3400/2136

juaft. reste Wn from
succi ion
established there © few
years ago, were seen rot-
ting away.

In a circumstance
such as we are, these
things can hardly be
said to be unthinkable.
However, it is at times
‘such as now where hun-
ger has threatened se-

Curlty and where food:

wherever found, is sold
at incredil a
that such reports as-
sume extraordinary
meaning.

The Mamiilla story
correctly underlines the
topsy-turvy planning of
Successive Nigerian

jovernments. in our
ravail and travel as an
independent nation, ex-
perience has- shown
that the various govern-
ments have hastened to
build good road net-
works and other white
elephant projects in the

} cities where the elites
' Stay, leaving the rural

32

NIGERIA

areas high and any. The
Mambilla case illustra-
tes also what goes on in
similarly remote areas
that hold out promises
of being the nation’s
breadbaskets. Hf federal
authorities are looking
for any further reason
before re-thinking alto-
gether ‘our planning
processes, this assu-
redly Is one.
Meantime, vital food-
stuffs wasting away on
the plateau must be
retrieved. The federal
jovernment must link
ambilla and other
food regions with cen-
tres of consumption.
Let’s face it, govern-

" ment could very easily
is

be cheated out of it
goal of ensuring food
sufficiency for the coun-
try. if as it happened

‘ In'the past, the rural

areas remain neglected
in the supply of basic
infrastructures,



and whatever the level of activity, whether sporting, cultural, religious,
educational, social, trade union or political, they may be engaged in.

Together

For the first time in the history of resistance politics in this country, the
various political tendencies that are active in the communitf have been af-
forded the opportunity of coming together under one roof and critically ex-
amining their policies and practices without ideological strings.

~-QUESTION: What happens if the majority do turn out to vote?

--COOPER: The majority will not vote because the majority have not
registered, and will not be party to their own oppression and exploitation.
More importantly, the majotity have a proud history of resistance since the
first days of white settlerdom.

We are not stepping at a boycott. If we do, we again have to mobilise when

another issue crops up. We will continue with our on-going programme of
education to mobilise the people.

CsO: 3400/2141

64



+ ate schools and, with afew °

ACADEMIC VIEWS NATION'S 5-YEAR FUTURE

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 12 Aug 84 p 24

SOUTH AFRICA

[Article by Lawrence Schlemmer, director of the Center for Applied Social

Sciences, University of Natal:

[Text]

IN five years South

Africa will be much
as she is today —
only more so.

No revolution ‘will
have occurred, but we
will still be living dan-

This hazard- -

ous ‘rediction is
simply to stim-

ulate debate.
The National Party will

still be gover the coun-

try, with the and the

: Conservative Pi hen the
} major wi par-
ties, saying much the same

as are saying

‘We will still have separ-

exceptions, separate re-
sidential areas

groups.
- The Zulus, our largest
most sig-

>and y -
i nificant black language

group in political terms,
will still be rejecting inde-
pendence.
Ciskei and Transkei will

Si sara Meh ae

we ve at-
feasted Michael Jackson
and his brothers.

We will remain among
the worst drivers in the
world. We will still have a
high inflation rate. Western
Province will probably stil!

r different °

be the rugby Curri
favourites, © Cup

Zola Budd will no longer
feel homesick and will have
been refreshed by a visit

braaivleis and Toyotas
when we can afford -the
boerewors and the beer.

like
| tive parties the world over,
i it will be prepared to adapt
if Kicked or ed. ?

Refc
; duced, but not according to
grandiose blueprints. It will
most probably lurch from
recedent to precedent,
Poping each concession to
be the last.
The PFP over the next

\ good’ deal of the political

| fapital that the new consti;
tutional arrangements will

The three-chamber par-
: Mament will deliver a great

| deal of noisy rhetoric and ,

"These Days of Living Dangerously"]

new constitutional dispens-

| messy compromises be- | ation. There are three possi-
j tween the and the j bilities over the five

Although almost half the

English-speaking whites .
will be sup ing the NE. :

towards the end of the five-
year period the. PFP will
win over more and more
Afrikaans graduate and

professional and so

The Conservative Party
and the HNP will combine
fully within five years, but
even that will not prevent
their very gradual decline.

Notwithstanding their
scattering of right-win;

fessors, their sup,
Pref is dominantly Ppite
working-class, lower-mid-
die class and aggrieved
minor farmers.

eran whic
relative 80

wing strength will
bolstered somewhat by in-
flation and consumer
prices. The right wing will

‘survive as a minor party of
. white

protest. :
The NP will remain suffi- |
ciently conservative for the

: bulk of the new middle and

upper-middle class Afri- :

ers, j

Coloured and Indian poli- ;

tics are much less predict- |
able, and therefore also the

101

years. 7

One is that ‘after a brief
- honeymoon the major
coloured and Indian ies
will clash sharply with the’
Government over housing

minor concessions, leadit
{0 a pees of reinations
aps even a Labour
Party walkout,
Brown politics will with-
draw, some of it to the

, new constitution will
sthen survive dolefully on
the efforts of a few empty -
es-men remarkably at-
ed to their MPs” sala-
Ties, that they will
be ve in again on a 10-
percent poll in the next
elections.

ions.
Another possibility is that
, the National Party and the
coloured and Indian major-
ity parties will discover the
“benefits of coalition. This
wil mean a Substantial
group-areas policy,
with the emergence cfsome
new mixed areas.
The Immorality Act and
the Mixed ges Act
will go, and three or four
coloured and Indian politi
cians will be appointed to
the Cabinet.
A coalition of major par-



SOUTH AFRICA

COLORED ELECTION RESULTS REPORTED
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 24 Aug 84 p 2
[Article by Anton Harber]

[Text] The United Democratic Front has hailed yesterday's election results as
conclusive evidence that the coloured people have rejected the new constitu-
tion and have calied on ali those elected to withdraw immediately.

And the UDF believes that the "overwhelming success" of the boycott campaign
in the coloured elections will convince many doubtful Indians to join the boy-
cott of next week's elections.

At a Press conference yesterday, Mr Popo Molefe, the UDF general secretary
also said the continued detentions of leaders was exacerbating the already
volatile situation.

And in Cape Town the UDF said: "This constitution does not have the support
of the people. At least 82% of so-called coloured voters have not given
coloured or any other political parties a mandate."

The UDF said the Rev Allan Hendrickse, leader of the Labour Party, had received
a mandate from less than 20% of voters in his own constituency of Swartkops
in real terms.

Ms Sheryl Carolus,
ional secretary of ote

F, said polls nt the rural
‘prea were “not a it deal
higher” than in the urban

ess much as 30% since the
Representati

Council elections. ve

do not have a man-

ee ither in the Cape or
ere else in the coun-

ira she added.
‘ointing out that 751 of the
1439 votes cast in Grassy
Park had been special votes
-S'more than the 688 le
‘who actually went
polls — Mr Manuel said
“Many questions” surround-

ed Bf special votes cast in the

Meet claimed old age homes
‘had “virtually been raid

people
under threat of having their
pensions cut off”.

There was mixed reaction
from other sources on the re-

In Pretoria,

Minister, Mr 'P of Bathe,
Biamed demolishers” for the
very low some areas
of fhe Cape Penile

a fair nar number of
colours still showed no in-

their
tical wigs fo aad would

we to be ght about de-
mocracy by their leaders, he

42

Mr Chris Heunis, the Min-
ister of Constitutional Devel,
opment inning, said
the Government intended to
£, 0 ahead with the new consti-

ition despite the elatively
low percentage poll.

Mr Fred Peters, national
secretary of the Labour Par-

ie "Trea ‘an Bot slab
bert, leader ‘he tb

sive Federal Partry, said the
new Constitution would
ie with @ credibility Prob.

“In some instances the



Crash Courses in Afrikaans

Durban POST NATAL in English 15-18 Aug 84 p 11

[Text]

cso

3

3400/2141

IT will-be back.to
schov! for most of the
successful ‘Natal ‘candi-
dates in this month’s
House of Delegates
velections,

For them, it means

quick lessons in Afri-

kaans.

For, according to
Government sources
and parliamentary cor-
respondents, the major-
ity party within the In-
dian chamber will have
to nominate at least one
member on each of the
25 different Select Com:

-mittees, an important -

cog ‘in the tricameral
parliament.

And proceedings at
these Select Committee
sessions are mainly in
Afrikaans.

Some- of- the--August:

28 hopefuls, anticipating .

victory, have already.
undertaken crash Afri-
kaans courses.

* The“leaders of the

two major political par...

ties — Jayaram Reddy
-of Solidarity and. Ami-

‘chand Rajbatisi of the ~

National Peoples’ Party

— -have ‘both -said- a
will not accept ae oy

ings in Afrikaans.

Said Mr Reddy: “We
want the same privilege
as in the old Parlia-
ment. Those MPs who
did not understand Afri-
kaans were immediate-
ly given English trans-

lations, We want this
arrangement to stand.”.

He said Cape and |
‘Transvaal politicians
‘would not have-any dif-
ficulty understanding or
speaking ‘Afrikaans be-
cause they regard it as
ahome e.

“But Natalians, Will
face a big problem.”

~“We in Natal have a
language problem and
this must be accepted
and respected by the
Government. Those of
us who are successful in
the elections do not
‘want to be part of the
audience in the new set-
up. We want to partici-
pate and represent our
people and the only way
this will be possible is if
arrangements could: be

* .made to the satisfaction

of all,” he safa.

Mr Rajbansi does not
foresee any problems
with Afrikaans because
after the elections bis

will hold a brief-
Pueeminat
“We-will ask: that-all

“documents handed: to

the Indian chamber, or

~~in-the Select-Commit---- -

tee, be in English and
any debate held in Afri-

- kaans be immediately

-translated for the bene-
fit of those members
who cannot under-

stand,” he said,

84



waiting to be noticed by someone who is aware that these dead or sleeping tires
can be revived and who will put them on the path to rehabilitation and hence
the path of technical and economic progress.

“In making retreads by the cold process, which is the BANDAG system, there are
two imported components: one is the raw material to be applied, which is a fixed
cost, and the other is the technical assistance which we are providing and
for which we are paid (by the ETP), divided by the number of tires produced.
In other words, the more tires are produced, the smaller the portion that is
spent on technical assistance, and hence the lower the cost of the tire to the
country," declared engineer Lopes da Silva, who is in charge of maintining the
equipment.

Advantage of Cold Process Retread Over New Tire

As we learned, in terms of durability, a recapped tire has a much longer life
than a new tire, basically because the cold process retread has a greater thick=
ness of rubber than the original (new) tire and has twice the road life of a

new tire. Tires recapped by the heat process are subjected to high temperatures,
causing overheating of the cord, which makes it impossible to recap the tire
again by the cold process.

ETP To Expand BANDAG System, Train Angolans

One part of the warehouse (which is now used to store old tires) will be reserved
for the installation of the ETP's Center for Technical Assistance for tires,
which will have classrooms for theoretical instruction, a cafeteria and a cold
storage chamber to maintain the tires at a temperature below 24 degrees [celsius]
for a period of 4 months. The ETP will sponsor the first course in the tech~
nology of the cold process, to be administered in Angola for the first 6 months,
followed by a 30-day internship in the United States or in Brussels. ETP has
already begun to recruit candidates, who must have completed at least the eighth
grade.

“We have a contract with BANDAG which is renewable annually. We reached the
conclusion that we donot have to keep renewing these contracts; since the
equipment installation contracts have already been met, we are thinking of
placing Angolan cadres beside the BANDAG technicians, so that a few years,

or even months, from now we can rely on our own skills,” ETP general director
Antonio Manuel said confidently.

Regarding the expanded application of the new system for recapping tires, geared
particularly to his company, Antonio Manuel appealed to all the state and private
agencies to turn in all their tire carcasses (which no one had considered
repairing), especially now that there are plans to install a new service station,
which can take care of 7 vehicles simultaneously in 20 minutes.

BANDAG Risks Shutdown
Aside from the shortage of old tires (which can be repaired in less than 8

working days), this specialized retread firm has for some time been storing
800 tires for customers who, according to the company director, have never



Second Fight for Bosmont, by Brian Pottinger
Rural Voters Put Labor in Power, by Brian Pottinger
Inexperience Caused Low Poll, by Stephan Terblanche

Continued White Control of South Africa Foreseen
(Simon Jenkins; SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) ..scccceccecseces

Presence of Blacks in Cape Peninsula Reexamined
(Sampie Terreblanche; SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) ..sssseeeee

Lobby Works To Scrap Immorality Act
(Brian Pottinger; SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) ...ccecececeees

Lebowa Government Grants Citizenship Certificates
(RAND DAILY “MAIL, 27 Aug 84) ....ccccccccccccceccectsseene

Chris Heunis' Climbing Influence Examined
(Brian Pottinger; SUNDAY TIMES, 12 Aug 84) ..eccececeecees

Creation of 'Intensive Democracy’ Advocated
(Dennis Beckett; SUNDAY TIMES, 12 Aug 84) .scesceceeeeeees

Broederbond Interference in University Election Hit
(Editorial; EVENING POST, 13 Aug 84) ..cccscececccesercees

Professor Examines Future Political Situation
(THE STAR, 14 Aug 84) .csssscccccevcccccccscsecceeeccecees

"Pattern of Violent Equilibrium', by David Braun
Grim Future for Blacks

AZAPO Leader Explains Boycott, Campaign
(Ameen Akhalwaya; POST NATAL, 15-18 Aug 84) ..ccececeecess

Nationalists Urged To Broaden Views, Policies
(Darryl Phillips; SUNDAY TIMES, 19 Aug 84) ...

Indian Doctors Reject New Constitution
(Sam Mabe; SOWETAN, 20 Aug 84) ...

Indian Community's Politics Analyzed
(Dawlat Ramdas Bagwandeen; POST NATAL, 22-25 Aug 84) ..

Impending Demise of NRP Foreseen
(Lucille McNamara; THE STAR REVIEW, 25 Aug 84) ...sceecees

Labor Party's Political Track Record Examined
(David Braun; THE STAR, 25 Aug 84) ..cccecccececccveeecees

Mulder's Political Future Viewed
(SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) ..cccvecccccccccvcccvescscncvers

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SENEGAL

REVITALIZATION OF BUSINESS SOUGHT
Dakar AFRICA in French May 84 pp 107-08

[Unsigned article: "For a Revitalization of Business in Senegal:
The C.N.E.S. [National Council of Senegalese Employers]]

[Text] Saturday 21 April 1984 will no doubt constitute an important
milestone in the history of Senegalese employers. [This is] not because
of the great number of participants in the day of study organized by

the National Council of Employers of Senegal (CNES). Nor is it because
of their quality, which however was of a high level. In reality, what
will be recalled of that day is the fact that for the first time in
Senegal a public demonstration, extensively covered by the official media,
was organized in the name of business as a national entity "whatever its
form, dimensions, or nature may be," in order that it may play, and because
it must fulfill, "a determining role in the projected society which is
being formulated in Senegal," as M. Amadou Mactar Sow clearly stated.
These words of the CNES president are the more meaningful since they were
pronounced by a Senegalese who is chief of one of the largest and most
modern industrial enterprises in Senegal, with wholly private and
Senegalese capital.

Inadequate Management Structures

Some people will be surprised that one had to wait until 1984 for such a
thing to be publicly stated. That is partly due to the socialist
environment, which was hardly favorable to business, and on the other
hand, to existing management structures which were not in a position

to defend business nor to promote it. In the first place, these structures
included such associations as the UNISYNDI (Industries and TP) [Public
Work], the SCIMPEX (Importers-Exporters), and the SYPAOA [West African
Employers and Artisans Union] (Small and Medium Businesses and Small and
Medium Industries). These latter do hold the economic power. But they
are mostly composed of foreigners with limited powers of intervention,
which forces them to avoid the major fundamental questions and to confine
themselves solely to economic and technical problems.

In addition to these associations, Senegalese businessmen grouped them-
selves within a GES [Economic Groups of Senegal]. Their political power

39



dians formed the Colonial
Born and Settlers’ Indian
Association (CB & SIA).
This Association virulent-
ly objected to the partici
pation of NIC representa-
tives, Al Kajee and SR
Naidoo, on the colonisa-
tion commission.

Despite the emergence
of the CD & SIA, the lead-
ership of the Indian polit-
ical parties was essen-
tially moderate.

They sought a modus
vivendi on the basis of
placating white preju-
dices and white hostili-
ties. The leadership
claimed a moral right to
equality but capitulated
‘on the issue of white su-
premacy. They demand-
ed the gradual extension
of opportunities for their
people and presented
their case by means of
deputations and memo-
randa in a conciliatory
and compromising fash-
ion. Above all, as in 1984,
So too in the 1940s, there
was a serious and con-
spicuous lack of a cohe-
sive bloc amongst
Indians.

Clashes

The NIC and CB & SIA
merged in 1939 to form
the Natal Indian Associa-
tion (NIA). But the for-
mation of the NIA was
not without its travail.
The personality clashes,
political intrigue, allega-
tions, and recriminations
that abound today were
present in their manifold
ramifications in the
1940s. The desire for
unity was unfortunately
relegated to a lower
level.

Al Kajee, another vet-
eran but moderate politi-
cal figure, feared that
other Indian leaders'such
as Sorabjee Rustomjee,
SR Naidoo, and VSC
Pather were colluding to
oust him from the domi-
nant position he had en-
joyed in the NIC for a
considerable time.

Further, rivalry be-
tween Sorabjee Rustom-
jee and Kajee began to

increase and the leader-
ship focussed on personal
ambitions and moral out-
rage instead of the real
crux of the problems
facing the Indian

* community.

Destroyed

Ultimately Kajee
maintained the NIC
should continue as a po-
litical organisation. The
prospect of unity was
destroyed. While Kajee
and his coterie of sup-
porters remained outside
the NIA, declaring that
despite the amalgama-
tion the NIC was still in
existence, the CB & SIA

and part of the NIC.

merged into the NIA.

It is ironic that Gener-
al Smuts, the Prime Min-
ister of South Africa at
the time, congratulated
the Indian community for
healing the breach in its
ranks. But the Indians
were, on the. contrary,
fragmented. No tangible
unanimity existed.

Indeed, it was only.
when the Smuts Govern-
ment promulgated the
Trading and Occupation
of Land (Transvaal and
Natal) Restriction Act,
commonly referred to as
the “Pegging Act”, in
1943 that there was a
semblance of solidarity.

The NIA and NIC
came together as the NIC

"(as founded by Mahatma

Gandhi in 1894), But the
new bodyClung to the old
ideas: they still enunciat-
ed the philosophy of sur-
vival ethics in terms of
moderate gradualism,
seeking redress from the
ideological rigidity of the
Government by sweet
persuasion.

The euphoria permeat-
ing the Indian communi-
ty at the time because of
the unification of the NIC
and the NIA proved vola-
tile, and it was dissipat-
ed as a result of several
developments.

These were: the humil-
iation of the “Pegging
Act”; the rejection and
failure of the Pretoria

Agreement concluded be-
tween Smuts and Kajee
in 1944; the controversy
surrounding the clutch of
forbidding Natal ordi-
nances promulgated as a
direct outcome of the
Pretoria Agreement; and
the disappointment and
compunction over the in-
efficacy and ultimate di-
saster of the Natal Indian
Judicial Commission,
which had been appoint-

-ed to investigate various

aspects of conditions: of
Indian life in South
Africa.

These events inexora-
bly diminished the hope
for negotiation politics
beween Indians and
whites in South Africa by
1945.

The gap was widened
when the whole complex-
ion of the NIC credo un-
derwent a drastic meta-
morphosis with the ad-
vent of a radical leader-
ship. On 21 October 1945
the annual meeting of the
NIC was held at Currie’s
Fountain Sports Ground
in Durban.

The “Old Guard” was
ousted from power by the

,. “Young Turks” compris-

ing university graduates
and trade unionists. Even
in the Transvaal the.
mantle of leadership fell
‘on such individuals.

For example the lead-
er of the Transvaal In-
dian Congress was Dr
YM Dadoo, a highly ven-
erated and dynamic per-
sonality who was also a
vitriolic critic of the rac-
ist, white regime in South
Africa. In Natal, the NIC
cabinet came to be con-
trolled by Dr GM
“Monty” Naicker as
President and George
Singh, as Chairman of
Committee.

The moderate, accom-
modationists had been ef-

fectively repulsed by the ;

articulate and confronta-
tionist elements. This,
genre of leaders gave
birth to a new era in In-
dian politics. The Indian
political struggle gradu-
ally broadened from the
sectional and parochial
interests of the Indian

70

community to the wider
context of a democratic
South Africa in collabo-
ration with other libera-
tory organisations, such
as the African National
Congress.

Split

Thus the position in
1984 is very similar to
that in the 1940s. As in
the earlier period the
community is deeply
split.

The accommodation-
ists are represented by
such parties as the Na-
tional People’s Party
(NPP), the Solidarity
Party, the Progressive :
Independent Party, and
numerous independent
candidates who with un-
precedented elan have
offered themselves for
election to the House of
Delegates. Despite the
overworked pejoratives
and hysterical casting of
suspicion of one party
against the other, the in-
escapable conclusion is
that the moderate atti- °
tude has begun to crys-
tallise and firm.

In opting for the “bal-
lot” or the “bullet”,.to
which choices Amichand
Rajbansi, leader of the
NPP, had alluded in an
SABC News Focus pro-
gramme, the standpoint
of the accommodationists
is patently clear. Howev-
er, there is no fundamen-
tal, clearly defined: dif-
ference in philosophy or
manifesto of the agere-
gation of parties and in-
dividuals who have begun
their electioneering
canipaigns.

The common factor as
expressed by Dr JN
Reddy, leader of the Soli-
darity Party, quite ob-
viously is “the strategy of
critical participation” in
contradistinction to “the
strategy of active
boycott”. .

But another important
consideration is that the
rationale now of party
politics in the Indian
Sphere of activity has not
been developed to the
same degree of finessee



SOUTH AFRICA

EAST-WEST CAPE LABOR PARTY POWER STRUGGLE REPORTED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 2

[Text]

anggaee il 4a
ARTE lich iil :
i ee i
Fane ah
ae
iu a
shell uF

el, also disenchanted

the Eastera to the Western of the national selection

qi3 3s i a3
rit i jue
5 il Ha i
cadet AHH i

i

cee
a iat

79

3400/2141

cso:



300065

JPRS-SSA-84-101

17 September 1984

Sub-Saharan Africa Report

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SOUTH AFRICA

MSINGA TRIBAL FEUD DESCRIBED
Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 25 Aug 84 p 8
[Article by Emielia Jaroschek]

[Text] NOTHING, it seems--not even the latest police reinforcements--can
stop the lust for blood and revenge in the tribal war-torn countryside of
Msinga in KwaZulu.

Small squads of hit-men who pounce on Zulu wards are the latest in vengeance
killings. They replace the traditional clashes of the warrior-like impi
groups who had at least eight men on either side.

The squads are armed with sophisticated weapons such as Rl fifles, R4 rifles
and a variety of shotguns and handguns--usually stolen from the Reef area.

And although the new, reinforced police Firearm Squad, housed in permanently
pitched tents on the banks of the Tugela River, has effectively crushed mass
killings since the March clash in which 35 died on one day, death still rules.

Some 206 men have been shot dead and 44 wounded in the lonely, peaceful-look-
ing hills of Msinga this year.

The latest weapons of Msinga are deadlier than ever: an Uzzi machinegun, a
Ruger machinegun, 13 Rl rifles, two R4 rifles, 19.303 rifles and 13 shotguns
are among the 140 weapons seized in the sparsely populated hills by the new
squad since mid-April this year.

And the police themselves, since the formation of the new squad, have twice
come under heavy gunfire from warriors.

In the first attack: a policeman was shot through the head with a bullet from
a Rl when an impi fired upon a group of 20 policemen walking through the hills
before dawn.

That same day a helicopter sought out five of the attackers. Police were told

that, because of the darkness, they were not recognised as policemen by the
impi. Then they were fired on again...in daylight. No one was injured.

105



Task Force To Probe Illegal Bunkering Setup
(SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Jul 84) ..cccsecccsccecccescvee

70,000 Hectares of Land Lost to Mining in Plateau
(Andrew Orolua; NEW NIGERIAN, 13 Jul 84) ....

Delta Steel Company Gets Import Licenses
(Clement Eluaka; SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Jul 84) ..e..eee

Prices of Essentials in Kaduna Go Up by 200 Percent
(Tajudeen Ajibade; SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Jul 84) ......

Grounding of Aircraft for Spraying May Cause Crop Failures
(Emman Udoka; SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Jul 84) ..veseeeves

Decline in Peanut Production Blamed on Low Price
(Sani Haruna; NEW NIGERIAN, 16 Aug 84) ..

Roads Said Inadequate To Get Produce Out
(Editorial; NEW NIGERIAN, 1 Aug 84) ........

Niger Farmers Boycott Rice Mill
(Tajudeen Ajibade; SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 5 Aug 84) ..

Borno Asphalt Plant To Start Production Soon
(Waziri Garba; NEW NIGERIAN, 6 Aug 84) ..ccceccecescveces

Warning Issued on Not Curbing Population
(Editorial; NEW NIGERIAN, 17 Aug 84) ...cecececceccvceces

Police Said Not Well Equipped for Religious Riots
(Etim Inyang; SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 8 Jul 84) ....seceeees

Briefs
Tin Mining Increase
River Basin Authorities
Steel Council Sacks 300

SENEGAL

Revitalization of Business Sought
(AFRICA, May 84) .ecccccsccccccecnceceenscersanesessenes

SOUTH AFRICA

Colored Election Results Reported
(Anton Harber; RAND DAILY MAIL, 24 Aug 84) ..cceceececees

Colored Election Outcome Analyzed
(SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) .cccceccecccceccecevceccesecees

‘Loss for Constitution’, by Brian Pottinger
-b-

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37
37
38

39

42

46



Msinga is the haven for gun-runners to the trigger-happy warriors. Assegais
were outdated long ago and home-made guns are also things of the past.

But Msinga, according to the locals, is onty one battlefield -of death. There
is another, equally bad: Johannesburg.

If ever a reason is given for the revenge killings in the Msinga hills where
everyone is too afraid to talk then it is that there had been a death in
Johannesburg.

Miners and nightwatchmen are gunned down in Johannesburg's streets because
they are members of one of the six Msinga tribes. The killers are either
from another tribe or from another ward engaged in in-fighting within the
tribe.

The bodies of the dead are brought home--and seen. Lust for revenge takes

over among the victimised. More blood will then flow in the hills. That is
a certainty.

The killers are always known to the victims' relatives, The bush telegraph
is extremely effective, so effective that if a police patrol sets out in the
morning to reach a certain ward their arrival is awaited long before they get
there.

Coded messages--such as "the donkey is in the mielie field" or "it is read"--
are shouted by women across the hills, police disclosed this week.

Captain Gideon van der Westhulzen--who has headed the new squad since its
formation--says he has been told by countless bereaved windows at their huts

that as long as bodies are brought from Johannesburg there will be more blood-
shed in Msinga.

Killings in Johannesburg are the cause, locals claim.

Yet Johannesburg killings are also revenge killings resulting from deaths in
Msinga.

Nobody knows how it all started and usually nobody wants to say or identify
the killers for fear of death. But there are stores--true ones—-such as the |

one of ownership of a cat which caused a dispute ending in dozens of bloody
deaths.

So did a bitten-off piece of ear. ‘Two opposing tribesmen had a fight in
which one bit a piece off the other man's ear and spat it on to the ground.

His tribesmen later ordered the opposing tribe to collect the piece of ear.

Their pride hurt by this challenge, they refused. Sixty men died in ensuing
hot-blooded battles.

A widow in the hills said this week that an induna's son was killed two years
ago. Since then, about 100 people have died, including her own husband...one
of six people gunned dow by a hit squad.

106



70,000 HECTARES OF LAND LOST TO MINING IN PLATEAU

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 13 Jul 84 p 10

[article by Andrew Orolua]

[Text] SEVENTY thousand hectares
of valuable farmland had been
Jost to mining activities. and
gullies in Plateau State, the
Military Governor of the State
Navy Captain Samuel Atukum
has said.

He said at the launching of the ©

national annual tree planting
campaign in Jos that the effect of

mining activities on land in the ©

state had led to serious environ-
ment degradation.

ane conservative estimate of
which experts put at 7,200 square
kilometres. representing about
100,000 tonnes of soil being lost to
eully erosion in the state.

e governor said in attempt to
reclaim these lost land, the
government had spent over one

million Naira since 1979 on
reclaimation of over 100 hectares
of mineland along Vom-Kuru

He observed that the potential
areas for food crops production in

the state had been on the decline

as a result of scant vegetation
cover, loss of top soil by erosion
and other agents.

He said although the ad-
ministration was gearing.efforts
towards alleviating the problems
caused by these erosion against
by implementing fuel and pole
plantation projects, the actual re-
quirements of afforestation are
beyond the meagre resource of
the state.

He regretted that the state was
not included in the arid zone af-
forestation programme. He said

- the exclusion of the state by the

cso: 3400/2136

‘cavinan administfation was au
unfortunate affair, adding that
ne criterian used in curbing ou
areas termed “Arid Zone did

-not take into account actual

‘ical Jems existing . in
ne sare of the countrv. par-
- ticularly the virtually tree-less
694.68 square kilometers of Jos
Plateau.

The governor appeal to the
Federal Government to give
mineland reclaimation due at-
tention as other mining activities
and include Plateau State as one
of the beneficiaries of the “arid

“ zoné ‘afforestation ramme”

He further urged that the people
of the state make it their per-

. Sonal duties to ensure the expan-

sion of wood land by planting tree

every year.
The State Commissioner for

_Agriculture and Natural

Resources Mr. S. U. Mama, had
earlier in his address said that
what was require to put a stop to
forest resources depletion was to
make the people develop forest
consciousness.

He said the ministry plan to
achieve this through constant in-
formation to people on the

* usefulness of tree iting. He

said the Ministry of Agriculture
has raise over 700,000 eucalyptus
seedling for this year planting

‘WhICI 3,000

' programme out ot Wi

each will be given to local govern-
ment.
Mr. Mama said each of the

t-primary and prin school
the state have Been given 500

- and 250 seedling respectively for

planting this year.

27

NIGERIA



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86



His Bible was taken from
him because it contained “too
many notes”,

His son, Peter, now elected
with him in the House of Rep-
Tesentatives, was arrested, and
hated whites. -

He himself at one time “did
not dare to invite whites to my
home”.

He was not allowed to read
certain books in jail because
their covers showed scantily-
dressed girls. Warders banged
doors to keep him awake.

As a teacher he had to work
with inspectors who refused to
sit on the same chair where a
coloured person had sat unless

, the seat was covered with

paper. He admits he often
cries, such as in jail when his

*‘ Labour colleagues sent him
birthday cards.

While in jail Prime Minister
Mr John Vorster let it be
known he would release Mr
Hendrickse if the Labour Party
decided to co-operate with the
Government. But, as biogra-

her Piet Coetzer puts it, Mr
Benarickse never reacts to

_ threats or is “enticed by face-

saving devices ... and he can-
not be bribed or bought”.

No longer bitter at a lifetime

of dispossession and humilia-

“ tion, Mr Hendrickse is quoted

by his biographer as saying he

will “give the new dispensation

five vears to see if it delivers

"Heavy Burden’

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Aug 84 pp 12

(Editorial: "Mr Hendrickse's Heavy Burden"']

[Text]

IN the House of Representa-
tives, the Labour Party’s
sweeping electoral success
means that something akin to
a one-party situation will pre-
vail. That kind of unity is prob-
ably no bad thing for the col-
oured community at this stage
of the political game. What is
more disturbing is that the
greater part of its constituen-
cy, 70 percent or more of the
electorate, will not be repre-
sented; having stayed away
from yesterday’s elections for
a variety of reasons.

The low percentage poll is

what most realistic observers '

had expected in the circum-
‘ stances: perhaps’ even a little
better. It is nothing to crow
over, however, and will be
- used continually to discredit
- the Rev Allan Hendrickse and
his followers as unrepresenta-

cs0: 3400/2141

tive “Government stooges”.
The best way to fight this label
will be to intensify their fight .
-against apartheid, against the
ethnic basis of the constitution

and its exclusion of blacks. De- '

‘spite its minority support the
iLabour Party now represents
ithe principal means of further
‘constitutional reform.

Reasons officially suggested
‘for the stayaway include apa-
‘thy, ignorance, uncertainty;
| lack of funds, time and organi
i Sation; but principally intimi-
| dation. The strong anti-consti-
; tution lobby claims it is the re-
‘ sult of a successful boycott:
movement. To draw a line be- :
tween voluntary abstentions or !

’ those induced by fear. is not i
easy. The strong police pres-!

ence at polling stations yester-
day helped to reduce overt in-
timidation and demonstra-
tions.. More subtle pressures

81

..the goods. If there are no posi-
tive results the Government
can forget about further La-
bour Party co-operation.”

And amiong his requirements
for the future are that “land
and wealth must be redistribut-
ed”.

Yet the particular mediatory
role of his people is, in his

__words, “being in the middle of »
the sandwich, the meat be-
tween the two slices of bread, -
being products of both ... I
want to remind ... white South

. Africa that yesterday is gone.

. We are prepared to forget it.

. We want to say to them that
today cannot last forever and
SO we Say, let us sit down to-

, gether”.

may well have prevailed, but
in any case the end-result is
what has to be reckoned with
— as in the highly politicised
western Cape, where the turn-
out was an abject 4 to 5 per-
cent in some seats.

The widespread detentions
of boycott leaders were also
designed to reduce intimida-
tion, but may well end up hav-

' ing a_counter-productive ef-

fect. They meant that the elec-

ions took place under the.
shadow of the big stick of the

security laws. As the United

Democratic Front said: “The

hand that makes the cross in |
the elections is also the hand

which locks up our leaders in

Le Grange’s cells — not only

today but tomorrow.” This

overkill on the part of the

authorities is another part of

the Labour Party’s burden.



ANGOLA

BRIEFS

NEW APPOINTMENTS-~In a dispatch published in the DIARIO DA REPUBLICA, Domestic
Trade Minister Adriano dos Santos Junior named Francisco Elias Martins and Miguel
Aguas Neto to the posts, respectively, of director of reorganization of provision-
ing of the population of Luanda Province and director of training of auto mechanics
in the ministry's Wholesale Trade Department. The dispatch also terminated

the service commissions of Victor Manuel Castro Ferreira and Albano Abrantes

Jose, assistant general directors, respectively, of EDIMBA [National Enterprise
for Distribution of Foodstuffs] and the northern office of the same enterprise.
{Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 4 Aug 84 p 3] 6362

NEW DEPUTIES PRESENTED=-Huila Province--Paulo Manuel, Afonso Chicanha and Jorge
Antues, the three new deputies of Kipungo and Chikomba municipios and the commune
of Kuleba, respectively, were recently presented by Paulo Manuel, coordinator

of the Department of State and Judicial Organs, of the party's Provincial Com
mittee. In Caluquembe, the provincial coordinator for state and judicial organs
also inaugurated the seat of party cell militant on the municipal commission.

In Ichimungolo, the Fcoordinator's] delegation spoke with the combat troops of
that area. [Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 1 Aug 84 p 3] 6362

LUMBER PRODUCTION-~In May and June, lumber production reached about 15,200 cubic
meters: 10,000 in Cabinda Province and 3,000 in Bengo Province, according to

an Agriculture Ministry report. The forestry sector, particularly in the lumber
area, has functioned irregularly in recent times, which is reflected in the
shortage of lumber on the domestic market. Of the 26 saw mills which used to
be in operation, only 2 are in the process of rehabilitation, after President
Jose Eduardo dos Santos issued an express directive, aimed at alleviating the
lumber shortage which is being felt in the country, particularly in Luanda.
{Text] [Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 2 Aug 84 p 12] 6362

CSO: 3442/461



PRESENCE OF BLACKS IN CAPE PENINSULA REEXAMINED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 27

[article by Sampie Terreblanche:

Kept Out of the Western Cape"]

[Text]
 [NHE Government’s
policy on the “le-
. gal” and “illegal”
presence of

blacks in the Cape Pen-
insula. is at the cross-

consists of a va-

eninsula
ample of a situation where

the interests st at different
groups lead to a complex
Felationship of mutual Pon:
flict and complementarity.

In this di and di-
versified situation the poli-
cymakers have the of
applying and adapting their

jlicies in such a way that

e interests of all the rele-

vant groups are acknowl- -

edged and reconciled as far

as possible, while taking
the fong-run interests of the
country at large into

account.
Commissi

The Theron ion
. took note of the promising

upward mobility of the
middle class f upper

D uring the 10 years
these two cl have
made faster progress than
we

The commission was,
however, very concern
about the position of the
lower 40 percent.

We identified their posi-
tion as one of chronic pov-
erty — an unhealthy situa-
tion that uated itself
from generation to genera-

tion.

Given the precarious

sition of those caught in fhe

vicious le of commun:
1 — in my cay

iy pore chairman ot e

study on “Labour and
Elcozomica”— took the int-

tiative for the adoption of
endation

Recomm .
We not only asked for the
maintenance of the

51

SOUTH AFRICA

"J Was Wrong When I Said Blacks Should Be

labourers did not materia-
lise.

It is easy for private en-

to talk Tbout their

social fesponsibility to-

wi Apparently

ris mauel less easy to d0

something meaningful
about it.

Employers strongly pre-

timber of “legal” and “IF

coloureds, but because they

Secondly, the experience
of the asl 10 gears shows
that those in state of
chronic =

subculture of
fer to make aclansiable lv.

* ing in the undefined and

world of the informal

It would have been better
the commission had put

. ter on the
FEtportanee ofthe Informal
sector.



SURVEY LASHES HOMELANDS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 17 Aug 84 p 2

[Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text]

cso.

_ BLACK trade unionists
have been detained
beaten, harassed and in-
timidated by police un-
der various labour and
security laws in the so-
called homelands.

This view is expressed
by the associate director

_ of the South African In-
stitute of Race Rela-
,tions, Ms Carole
“Cooper, in a survey en-
titled “Homelands and
Trade Unionism”.re-
leased this week.

*. In the survey she says

3400/2129

homelands have’ differ-
ent labour legislation
and security laws which
they use to curtail the
operations and move-
ments of unions, espe-
cially those that have
their base in South Af-
Tica.

Bophuthatswana, Cis-
kei and KwaZulu have
so far experienced the
most trade union activ-
ity, although unionism
in those areas is still in
its “embryonic stage.”

Transkei and Venda
have passed their own
Jabour legislations which
have categorically re-
fused to accept trade
‘union activity within
their borders, thus mak-
ing it virtually impossi-
‘ble for workers to hold
legal strikes.

In Ciskei trade union-
ists have been detained
and harassed in their
hundreds, especially
during the bus boycott
in the territory. Among.
them are Mr Thozamile
Gqweta and Mr Sisa
Nijikelane of the South
African Allied Workers?
Union (Saawu).

Both Bophuthat-
swana and Ciskei have
banned unions in terms
of the territories’ laws.
‘Saawu has been accused
of having links with the
African National Con-
gress, although the
union has refuted these
claims.

The continued actions
@f these areas against
the unions has made
them -gain strength and
support, the report Says. .

93

SOUTH AFRICA

The unions have re-
jected the policy of
homelands and regard
workers in those territo-
Ties as-citizens of South
Africa.

The unions should
continue to operate in
the areas to improve
workers’ wages and
working conditions.



IMPENDING DEMISE OF NRP FORESEEN

Johannesburg THE STAR REVIEW in English 25 Aug 84 p 6

[Article by Lucille McNamara in "The Nation This Week” column:
Its Funeral Pyre"]

[Text]

ORN from the aShes of

the Bloedsappe, the New
Republic Party is now pre-
sparing its own funeral pyre as
members begin looking left
and right for a new politi-
cal home.

And standing on the side-
lines is the huge shadow of the
National Party, waiting to
snatch control of the much-
dreamed prize... Natal.

As Natal prepares for its
congress — to be held behind
closed doors “so that people
are free to speak their minds”
~— NRP leader Vause Raw
is frantically trying to con-
vince his followers that their
party still has a vital role‘to
play in the new constitutional
dispensation.

He is going to ask both the
Natal and Jransvaal con
gresses to endorse stand,
“but if they don’t, I will natu-
rally have to resign as party
leader”.

But the odds are ominously
stacked against him-as his
Transvaal leader Alex Ander-
son blatantly defied: Raw’s
leadership and held talks with
both Nats and Conservative
Party members in an attempt
to find alternative homes for
“moderates” in the event of
the NRP’s death.

Raw promptly denounced
the move, saying that the gulf
between the NRP and CP was

so great that it would make
any association “ridiculous”.

jut the CP’s Johannesburg
regional chairman, Mr Clive
Derby-Lewis, said he.was ex-
pecting significant defections
by NRP members to the.Con-
servatives,

He said NRP. supporters
liked what they saw in the CP
that many were considering
it as a new political home.

Mr Derby-Lewis said the
NRP was disintegrating and
predicted that it would prob-
ably be disbanded by the end
of the year.

The second blow to Raw .

came when Natal leader Ron
Miller announced that he
would join the National Party
if members, agreed-to bury
the NRP. For him the stakes
could be high, because it is

* being strongly rumoured that
he could be appointed as the

72

next Administrator of the
Province should he change al-
legiance, .

“Any politician who wants
to make a positive contribu-
tion would be interested,” he
conceded.

And as Raw watched the
turmoil tearing at his party,
he was dealt another blow by
Prime Minister P W Botha
who, sensing victory in the
NRP stronghold, announced
that. Natal was ripe for the
picking and called on Nats to
welcome English-speakers

SOUTH AFRICA

"NRP Prepares



NIGER FARMERS BOYCOTT RICE MILL

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 5 Aug 84 p 1

{Article by Tajudeen Ajibade]

(Text)

THE six million Naira Baddegi
Rice Processing Mill near Bida in
Niger State nray not start produc-
tion in September as scheduled.

“An official of the milf told the
Sunday New Nigerian at Bida
that the shortfall in the quantity
of paddy rice produced by.
farmers in the state has made the
opening of the mill in September
unlikely.

According to the official, the
mill would require 30,000 tonnes
of paddy rice annually from local
farmers when in full-operation.

But as at now, the mill has only
4,000 tonnes of paddy rice in

--~-stock, -which -were -bought from~-~

farmers in Borno, Gongola and
-Bauchi states.
“Surprisingly”, the official
+’ said, “not a single tonne of rice
has come from farmers in Niger
state”, where the mill is located.
Sunday New Nigerian in-
* vestigations revealed that
. besides the apathy of local rice
farmers, the functioning of the
mil] might be adversely affected
‘by the clash of interests between
fhe Nigerian Grains Board and
the Niger River Basin Develop-
ment Authority, over the pur-
chase of paddy rice from local
farmers.

cso: 3400/2139

As a result of the infighting,
many local rice farmers have
refused to sell their rice to the

mill.

The Principal Mill Engineer,
Alhaji Shehu Yero, at a separate
interview. expressed sadness at
the attitude of the local rice

-farmers.
_According to Alhaji Shehu, the
‘milf would produce 2,400 bags of
milled rice per day, when in full
operation.

He expressed optimism that
this - would help alleviate the
scarcity of the commodity in the

country and reduce rice importa- _

tion as well as force down the

ice.
Phat Shebu then appealed to
local farmers to plant more rice

t 20 workers of ‘all
categories,.as the production pro-

; ess it uses is not labour—intene
sive. :

NIGERIA



cso:

Percentage Pot nnmensnnnenne 30,14
SCHAUDERVILLE

|, Percentage
UPINGTON
Pto

Percentage poll

MANENBERG

4 Deloort (PCP. 128
204

Perventage
MATROOSFONTEIN
‘A de Brayn (PCP)...

3400/2141

45



SAMC OFFICIAL SEES 'FREE PRESS IN DANGER’

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 28 Aug 84 p 6

{Text]

cso:

CAPE TOWN — Free and independent
news media are an endangerad species,
threatened from without and within, Mr
Bob St conciliator and-registrar of

African Media Council, said
yest

ora ce unos
me ipe Town,
the structure dnd activities of the Media
unc were dngped to elp counter rents
benefit of society as
rhe
He said 89 complaints bi had be been received by
the council since last Nc
‘Cf tee 23 ed en resolved trough ot
ciliation and mediation, two adjudicated in
favour of the on we eg 7 reected
Adjudication was 11 cases
the complainants had been referred to the
editor for direct settlement in 10 cases. Other
complaints had been withdrawn or had

medi-

fhe Prime Prine Minter and the
Palte role of the’ Media, Counell was “to

3400/2141

report for the period -
cra Il ntahe sonnel s

Africa (Mwasa)
ed to standing committee to
review devel restrict the

report was tabled on the South African
ition’s attitude towards

‘and possible future connection with the coun-

114

SOUTH AFRICA



, the
world’s abilit
: stitute for gold and, on the
other, about South Africa’s

! tution (notably in ar-
i mament

aware, indeed,
Bina impact
socialism

icted,
that the internal cobesion
. Of the National
South Africa would disinte-
‘at

: rate.
To Wustrate the predio-

T. vacillation of the
Government over petty
. was another

more appropriate to a de-
. veloped” industrial eco-
nomy.

+ “Bouth Africa's response
to the first has so far been

3400/2141

remarkably successful,
again defying all

ES pete
The ‘arm tas frown

' overboard the apologet
ofthe Foreign Aire De

Pretoria has stopped
perth eae
apartheic

Instead, it has gone on
the regional off tensive,

if
enem\ must at shake
lista 7"

better
four by South Africa would
win it roun

Hee
one E
ie
a

FE
i

a
eg >
He

g

i
Ba
8

i
z
a
:

&
H
&
é
s
g
3
F

lon ds,

t is on the gov-
ernments in Maputo and
than thet detect ap parthel theld,

a .

South” Africa has been

walt dase

The idea of southwards-
rolling revolution seems lu-
olionary danger, so

: Olu a
i South Afvican Counter-rey-

; South Afri .
+ lution rolling ‘northwards,
7, the role of the

wet ay er Wash-

ington’s Chester Crocker
‘continues his valiant strug:
le to Bee the mpant out of
‘ola and a majority gov-
ernment in Windhoek (for
which he at least deserves a
Tong-service medal) but
even a mutual withdrawal

ment than Unita’s increas-

ing control of the hinter-

Angola otal taney wit
0

Pretoria. °y

easy Predic-
tions of the results of liber-
alised government have not
80 far proved correct: black
trade unionism has not led

- to general strikes and

restriction and
fontloued influs control
‘have not produced va;
bands of revolution,

Far frora collapsing, the
National Party, Govern-
ment under Mr P W Botha
has won a remarkable ref-
erendum victory, if any-

, it is his enemies
and right who are in

it “abundantly clear

| that what is now termed

* “the white tribe of Africa”
will be in rough and ready
control of South Africa for
the foreseeable future,
son ay 24 et come

ion,
not manifestly’ destabllis
bility in Africa can no

50

; towards blac!

longer be considered inex-
tricably linked either to de-
mocracy or to black major-
ity rule,

This should already have

* demolished one traditional

licy stance of successive
ican and

fovernments: that the con-
. uation of white rule in

South Africa is itself the
major destabilising ele-
ment in the region;

ipartheid is munis
ay commt "8
best ally.

Ths pouty oxo

: Case today, On the assump-
re

tion that Pretoria's ome

: gional destabilisation poli-
: cy is at an end (for the fine
being) South African mili-

certain}
South African economic
Properly conduc-

: ted may be seen as
able to bring about relative
and ity in

i The ve it of a
DOn-a] ‘al ic scenario
for Sonth Afftca wil rot at

ter the world’s attitude to
eld.

aparth
“What it might dois affect
* the extent

to which that at-

titude is reflected in policy.

Policies adopted by
nations in the

By isolat

tlonsliem, they
can nationalism, the:
strengthened its internal

bonds and moves
advance-



COLORED ELECTION OUTCOME ANALYZED

"Loss for Constitution!

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 7

{Article by Brian Pottinger]

[Text]

“WHAT began as an
“@lection has been dra-
matically transformed
into a referendum.

,On Wednesday nearly
sie Se etal et
ph alder the new constitu-

ition. A similiar ion of
Shety South are
ly to do the same on Tues-

© “The crucial question — as,
“ft has been from the begin-

“nto narily {tribute the poll
attribute the

“to out-of-date rolls, lack of

campaign money for parties,

*“pegative” publicity and in-

ition of voters by the

boycott lobbies.

‘The first two reasons have

“gome validity, the third and

virtual Sowapa

i every newspaper

called apa ‘he coloured

~Glectorate to vote while the
way

‘ uch for
eampaign. So muc “neg-
“ative publicity”.

<; Most of the serious inci-
vents — firebombings and

“was sy to be the heart-
Tapas

In the Cape, the election

-day atmosphere was one of

apathy rather than tension
and in Polling stations across
the Peninsula bored police-

‘men often outnumbered vot-
ers.

If there was intimidation it
was of Tj =
fure agains? individuals not
to take —_and in the
normal and flow of poli-
tics that can hardly be called
criminal.

Apathy

Perhaps there were other
contributory causes to the
low poll. Sheer apathy of vot-
ers, the SABC’s clumsy pro-
pagandising alienated many
people in the community and,
of course, the eve-of-poll de-
tentions hardly he};
dates seeking to justify their

the apartheid system.
ea nub of the proble
& that this new system is nei-
er trusted nor su] ported
most coloured South tee
cans. The euphoria at having
‘captured” the Labour Party

- overshadowed a more funda-

mental truth — a few celebri-
ty swallows do not make a
constitutional summer.

This rejection of the “new
deal” by a broad sweep of the
pewly enfranchised is — no
Jess than the outcome of the
white referendum in Novem-
ber—a political reality that
both the Government and the
country cannot escape.

What are the immediate

to have to invest to make th
Dew deal work. TM .

Some

so the Government would be
forced to move swiftly to sal-
ye som bility for the

‘ganisation under-

+ taken by the UDF and affili- .
ates,

New life

ai iian Eon

‘such as the Natal Indi
gress,

Thirdly, it tions the
credibility of “the
leaders. Feeling isolated,

they may move closer to the
Government and by a slow

Process of tion end uy

genuine co-a trators at
apartheld rather than dis-
mantle that this

lers,
constitution could be used to
end apartheid rather than

prolong it would then be

46

- while at another le

SOUTH AFRICA

And finally, it irrevocably
establishes the Labour Party
asa tly Turally-

“pol party.
future policies and direction
\will be shaped by this conser-

ative element,

Another referendum is
meanwhile pending in Natal
on Tuesday when the elec-
tions for the Indian House of
Delegates take place. At the
centre of this freneti

Zalu
nationalism and white domi-
nati

ion,
The mobilisation is taking

place at two levels.

One is the nitty-gritty of
loneering

| cam electi by
the five establishment pat.

ties and 76 ind
lies the
activities of the boycott lob-
by spearheaded by the NIC.
In organisation they are
streets ahead of the estab-
lishment parties — one NIC
source says fhey have visited
all 5 000 In homes in
As in the coloured com-

munity the debate between

the chy les Is
drowned ina meh wider one

about participation itself.
Thee Pi pal

far the exchange has
been at the rhetorical and not
physical level.

‘ersonal relations be-
tween black and brown Nata-
ans remain at a cordial
level, although Indian voters
are conscious

: of the implied
: Fejection of Zulu interests if
ve

1805 rum deap, "I of


CSO:

‘sula where one third of all South
" Africa’s coloured voters are re-
gistered. The percentage poll in
the 20 seats in this region was
substantially lower than in the
rest of the country, reflecting the
success of the United Democrat-
ic Front in the predominantly
_ poor, working-class area there.
Failure to produce results will
. be seized by the boycott move-
* ment to discredit the LP and the
system so that in the next gener-
- al election the percentage poll
may be a single digit.
- It is most unlikely that La-
-bour, given its track record of
+ protest and opposition, will allow
“. itself to be eroded in such a man-
. ner and it is more likely that it
will have a massive confronta-
tion with the Government, lead-
ing to_a possible collapse of the

tricameral system if the party |.

3400/2141

“walks out.

The Government will have to
tread very carefully on this road
if it wants to-make a go of the
Constitution. It must constantly

bear in mind that a collapse of ©

the system could leave the coun-
try in such a climate of confron-
tation and hostility that the Con-
servative Party could sweep into
power to re-instate the “tried
and tested’’ principles of
Vewoerdian separate develop-
ment

The role of the boycott move-
ment inthe coming years will be
to monitor closely the success or
failure of the constitution. The
boycotters enjoyed a high profile
during the run-up to the elections
and ran a sophisticated cam-
paign in spite of harassment by
the authorities.

Asa result; and because of the, . .. ter,

75

> detention of many boycott lead-

ers on the eve of the elections,
the movement has undoubted
prestige in the community. It
will be able to capitalise on this
in its opposition to the new Par-
liament.

For the losing parties in
Wednesday’s elections, the future
looks hopeless. The coloured
community is polarised between
those who want to work within
the system and those who don’t.
‘As the polls showed, the people
who wanted “in” opted for the
Labour Party, most likely be-
cause of its track record of tough
‘dealings with the Government.

If the LP pulls off a better
deal for its people it will flourish.
If it fails it is difficult to see how
any of the other existing parties
will take its place and do bet-.



SOUTH AFRICA

STATEMENT OF REVENUE, RECEIPTS PUBLISHED

Pretoria GOVERNMENT GAZETTE in English/Afrikaans 17 Aug 84 pp 4-6

[Text] —
DEPARTEMENT VAN FINANSIES DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE
No. 1767 17 Augustus 1984 | No. 1767 17 August 1984]
Staat van Inkomste ingevorder gedurende die tydperk | Statement of Revere collected during the period 1 April
1 April 1984 tot 30 Junie 1984. 1984 to 30 June 1984.
Tesourie, Pretoria. ‘Treasury, Pretoria.
lagrronter Tomal f
wpa | SOE se, eligi
accent endo Reat pis]
"as | cia
Sse | me we m i
7 ® TM * TM *
rusanon| soesouns| nema] samo] smaress| nanos
Immonen] Ineimet| teiagr| samco| ossmens| frases
ne ct oe ° > one
= msgs |or iastst| 278m |r 2epal|  woten
won| “airar|” ‘tom| ax0mi|” aetse| norte,
simone | sous] mimise| weneas| meer] asin
 tenen|o xemman|m naneo|o neon |e wanee|~ cme
1.9 ene |or so ant ors| a 220730 [or — [or sas 520] De wes 11 290
rs a
139 200000 | 115128173] 23 2070 |r 2c wo |r 39 5.20 | ean 20
1m |_ 197 a 21 amie] comin
12437000] wxssuen| moar | sorte] suse in! aon acse
Juoaon| ‘smeesss| aseuem| esian| tater] wee:
wooo] wmm| nem! ame} omen! asset
women} news| rami] tom) asa} sane
fowon| asta, as tae] “Se pt
Scmmo| . 33am) mim | sans) sum | ao
goncs| “sense! vivea| spise| xpee| inte
BOR] SS] | Shas] Aa) ae
Bimes| mam| gee] wins] mate ames
Sines| Hse] Bate) Noam) Rem] aes
29 236 [or ngs ‘
382) 788) el el eel ge
BE) ots] elt] metin| dle] uss
e910 04s
names) ies] eSh) se) Be) US
$uooe| irae] lan) 3) tems
BRB] Bite] S| emt | kas] 1 ae
ggzes| sinsoo! arma! ser] aren] sme
Seas] aise] bam] ese] we Teer az
280| danel ae | imal aeesel  jege
Wioan| ae ssiue 33. Tm] sine]  tseon
ma 729.00
237 098
oy
tet
‘Bao
er
;
mio
[Faso suo] apweacn ns] 1 zag] acne] su | 9 ww

85



reflects their economic weakness. They are more concerned with safe-
guarding their personal interests, or even surviving, since their operating
conditions are a little unreasonable and precarious, than with defending
business against a socialist environment, whose support, they seek.

Finally, torn between the two types of management organizations, there were
Senegalese company managers, trained in modern management concepts, heads
of companies of foreign origin, or of companies they bought back, and
promoters of family or individual enterprises. Their training and their
professional concerns sharply distinguish them from the businessmen grouped
within the GES but they hesitate, however, to cut themselves off entirely
from activity within the normally constituted management associations,
and so they accept being members and who participate in them more or less
discreetly.

Such a situation 1s hardly satisfying to either the Europeans, who are
aware of the limits of their authority and are concerned about being
replaced by the [local] nationals; or the Senegalese managers, who are
increasingly worried by the rising economic difficulties, and who are aware
of the effects this could have on their own future, and on the future of
their country.

Creation of the CNES

These were the company managers who a few months ago formed the National
Council of Employers of Senegal.

Does the CNES have some ulterior political motive in setting themselves
up outside the GES, which is firmly included within the domain of the PS?
Should one see in its creation a more or less open disavowal of the chief
of state's current policy? Certainly not. No one is questioning here
either the wish of the chief of state to bring Senegal out of the crisis,
nor his personal qualities. The popular concensus which confirmed him as
head of state in 1983 demonstrates this. The great majority of Senegalese
are behind him, and have confidence in him. The issue is therefore
economic. The future depends on the success of economic recovery.

True, the deficit is burdensome but world economic recovery, which is being
confirmed, permits one to maintain hope.

Recovery is possible, provided that the hazards of climate do not
frustrate our efforts. It is a matter of capacities, However, the
structures that the administration has developed, whether they be adminis-
trative bodies, state or mixed investment companies, have shown their
inability to control economic development over these past 20 years.

The Role of Business

There is no question about the importance of the role private enterprise
should play within the framework of economic recovery, and in consequence,

40



: groups usually have

" ng feelings about their cultural
lentity.
Consensus-style democracy, rather

majori ocracy, is being sug-
dan = a Wemnooratie Sistem for the

Sthnteally divided ‘society. In” other ~

‘words; politics must not be ived
as gero-sum (“the one’s & is the
other's loss”) ethnic competition, but as
competitive coonera ion, based on
common groun m which all can
benefit.

In this kind of society the media
should contribute towards this percep:
tion. This means that more emp!
must be placed on communalities and
co-operation than on differences and

ict.

Balanced

should the media, as a result of
practice and structure,
emphasise conflict and differences of
gpinton and disputes between groups as
“best” news, they will contribute to

ict rather than co-operation.
does not mean that the media

in their presentation, the con-
iii, thelr presentation with the
existing potential and op; ities for
. Consensus and co-operation.

ihibition of Political Interference Act,
“is an example of the conflict style that
bee fo be replaced with a new media

From the outset the situation was
defined in conflict terms, the parties
jwere shown as being at loggerheads,
and that regardless of the outcome, it
had to result in one of the negotiating

_ Parties losing face.

While the negotiations were under
way, some of the media predicted that
the outcome would have grave conse-
quences for the political careers of the

lef negotiators and after consensus
had been reached, concluded that one
of the parties had to be the loser.

This way of handling the issue could
have hardened attitudes and wrecked

_ the whole exercise, Fortunately the de-

sire for consensus was strong enough.
The aim of the constitution is not
for the wittes,coloweds sari a
whites, colot a rt
Africans of Indian

origin, but to facili-
; tate a change of tea style for the
le

* broader South
: from the We

society.
In this respect, the moving away
r-style ics
is a watershed in the political develop.
ment of South Africa. .

Tn view of the previous analysis and
aims, a new media style is necessary to
complement and reflect the new politi-
cal style. The media have an extremely
important role to play in the new dis-

nsation, for they have to introduce
fhe different groups to each other, not
‘as conflict-generating stereot; but
as fellow human gs with human
requirements, desires and fears.

Research has shown that the use of
members of the various groups as re-
porters, the use of community report-
ers, the covering of everyday events in

. the various communi-
ties, and the provision
of more background
information about
problems of which the
feneral public has

ittle knowledge, can
contribute towards
breaking orn and ire
moving prejudices
mistrust be

between eth-

nig groups.
e latter 1s essen-

tial for successful co-

operation on common
lems within the
ework of a con-

“sensus democracy.

It is however, essen-
tial for these innova-
tions to be conducted
voluntarily by the me-
dia if they have not
done so already.

Care must also be
Goroticine actice

provi feren
publications for the
various groups does
not lead to ignorance
of each other, thus
making it difficult for
members of the differ-
ent groups to meet on

i ch group has th right to

lowever, eat e

be informed and enter ined in its own
language. In a consensus democracy
the media must be free to perform
their democratic functions. But free
media also mean diversified media,
with as many different and indepen-
dent publications and institutions as
possible.

Only then can the public expect a
flow of balanced information to the
greatest ible de; The individ-
ual also has to be educated and moti-
vated to become a sophisticated media
consumer and to read more than one

newspaper.
‘The new dispensation will also put a
greater strain on the editorial and jour-
nalistic resources of the media. Where
ip fhe past they only hed to report on
the Proceedings of one House of Parlia-
, Ment, they now have to cover the
+ activities’ of He

three Houses and the
President’s Council.

110



- Mr Granger’s legal team argued
~ that the regulations contravened the
‘Bill of Rights, which allows all citi-
zens to claim compensation for
ful arrest.
Tronically, Mr Mugabe’s Govern-
ment introduced the indemnity leg-
: islation only two years after it had
removed from the statute books a
similar law enacted by Mr Ian
* Smith’s Rhodesian Government. The
last man to avail himself of that law
was Zanu radical Mr Edgar Tekere,
who used its provisions to claim he
acted to combat “terrorism” when he
and his men were involved in the kill-
ing of a white farmer in 1980.

3400/2142

END

119

safeguard clauses in the constitution.
The way could therefore be open for
many people, who have more allega-
tions of ill-treatment at the hands of
security forces,'to sue the Govern-
ment. At the hearing of Mr Granger’s

: ease, Government lawyers admitted
: there were at least 15 such matters

pending in the courts.
The Lancaster House document

also provides strict safeguards and

compensation clauses which are
aimed at landowners from
the seizure of their ies.

It is already obvious that,
with the resettlement programme
moving far too slowly for the liking of
the politicians ‘and land-hungry peas-
ants, the ty protection clauses
are being looked on as a major stum-
bling block to the redistribution of
White-owned commercial farming



JPRS~SSA-84-101

17 September 1984

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

ConTENTS
ANGOLA
Fuel Distribution Reportedly Improved
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 29 Jul 84) ..cccccececccccececcnscesees 1
Transport Official Visits Kuando-Kubango
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 29 Jul 84) ..ccccccecccccccccncveeerers 2
BANDAG Tire Retread Process Described :
(JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 31 Jul 84) .ssscccescceccceveceverenves 4
Report on ‘Comandante Jika' Combat School
(M. Correia; JORNAL DE ANGOLA, 29 Jul 84) .esececseceseees 7
Briefs
New Appointments 9
New Deputies Presented 9
Lumber Production 9
BURKINA
Key Revolutionary Figure Compaore Speaks to Press
(Blaise Compaore Interview; REVOLUTION, 29 Jun-5 Jul 84) 10
CONGO
Third Congolese Party Congress Issues Statement
(MWETI, 1 Aug 84) ....005 seen eeeeneeeecees 13
MOZAMBIQUE
Facilities for Tourists Delayed
(Richard Paris; THE STAR, 27 Aug 84) ..ccecsceseseceeeeee 24
NIGERIA

Forces Said Ready To Contain External Aggression

(SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN, 15 Jul 84) . 25

-ae- {III - NE & A - 120]



INCREASED STUDENT UNREST REPORTED

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 21 Aug 84 p 2

[Text]

, A POLICE VEHICLE was
slightly ni police by rioting
“pupils ‘and are pe
storey 400 pupils in

“had in Thabong and
Tembisa, unrest erupted

eto! Toe rest as tag aprend

to Sharpeville ant
At Tembisa, ae Kempton
Park. where the aspension
of classes was lifted yester-
refused to be
at three of the
Teanchipe schools
— Jiyana, Boitumelong and
‘Tembisa.
Pupils from five secondary
in Da and

Wattville, near Benoni,

day,

weil et from the five
No return 1

they saw police

and ¢

teargas

to disperse the
who were
rowing stone at the police.
bum long Secondary

shoo a large wate
Echooltohard ove! andertshc
ings ‘Signed gee ae tee pupils

eats m Par

sjamboks
jambokt

csO: 3400/2141

SOUTH AFRICA

K “UNIVERSITY OF

Unrest at
schools and
universities

Related to elections
Related to other issues

“Graaff -Reinet @

“Thabong ©
Welkom

radock
© FORT HARE

UNIVERSIT if
‘OF ZULULAND

Chaos broke out at the
gchool eben en pupils then

Prant of the principal ice.

The issue of the Signing of

undertakings not not to vote
a source of

Stnenton among beating

on ils from Jiyana and
Boitumelong secondary
schools then marched
throu; and con-
settee on spun -ke-Maatla

osthey ae ‘down the
schools B eecurity 1 fence and

ing went ‘the scree 1
do Thabo, pe near Welkom,
pupils ‘the township's
hree for es schools
refused to enter their

anda large
Stoned primary schools in the

‘area. Primary school pupils
were sent home early.
suede Friday nine ot i pails
le mn
schools were readmitted to °

terday 8
definitely. at the three
secondary schools in the

township.

Classes have also been in-
definitely suspended at Mi-
cnerva High School in Alexan-
dra after um

terday

le_yes
about T pupils from the
Lekoa-Shande Secondary
School otted classes in
protest it palnst rent i:
creases in
A group of pupils na the

103

school and stoned “pubgo
buses, but by 10am they wére
back in the school ids,
the chief liaison officer for

the DET, Mr Job Schoeman,

said Jes ‘te 0 ils at
in ai
Masedibu Senior Secondary

School in Seshego, near
1. Fcc ey as? oy cotted

iy in protes!
agaist a seer issued ty
ie Lebowa Department of
Education asking for an R8
contribution towards the
building of a library.
Cradock, in the Eastern
cape pupils from four secon-
dary and three primary
schools have been refusing to
attend school for more than
five months, while in Atterid-

Barer fh re a te



become the architect of
its own doom. The
Black Consciousness

. Movement has consis-

tently opposed all forms
of collaboration. As we

| opposed the bantustan

policy — and still do
fervently; as we op-
posed the CRC and
SAIC, so we oppose the
tricameral kitchen par-

: liaments. .

On September 6, a co- j
terie of self-appointed
and self-aggrandising
“leaders” will join the
ranks of the Matanzi-
mas, Sebes, Mangopes
and Mphephus.

They’re going to in-
scribe their names in

-history with the blood

of their sons and broth-
ers, that they will be
condemning to.death on
the borders.

COQUESTION: Isn’t
that being too harsh?

! After all, many say they

are going in to fight for
the rights of all South
Africans? .

CACOOPER: Do all
South Africans want
them to make such
claims? They are self-
appointed. They have
not been chosen by or-
ganisations that have.

_been active in'the com-

munity. Many of these
candidates have sprung

- up after the lucrative

R40 000 offer was made
known.

Testimony to their
mala fides is that their
meetings have been
held behind closed
doors. Often, police
have been present.
When such power-mad '
men get into .real posi- °

tions of power, what
will they not do?

They are fledglings in

the harsh, robust politi-
cal arena which they do
not clearly understand,
otherwise they would
not be making such
mindless and naive
claims.
. You cannot enter a
poker game not know-
ing the rules, when the
dealer has a marked
deck and cards stacked
up his sleeve and when
you are gambling, using
the people as your
stake. .

Opportunists

The dealer has insti-
tutionalised violence
through removals, re-
settlements, housing
shortages, increased
GST and unemploy-
ment, detention without
trial, bannings and
house arrests.

A handful of political
opportunists cannot
stop his catalogue of in-
Stitutionalised violence.
By going in, they will be
legitimising such mea-
sures passed by a white
minority regime.

OOQUESTION: But by

tial element for struggle.

staying out, how differ-
ent will it be?

COCOOPER: It would
remove the element of
legitimisation. We will
not participate in struc-
tures and institutions
that won’t bring about
change. Hence we won't
be misleading the com-
munity. We will not be
party to our own slav-
ery.

OCOQUESTION: If Azapo
is bent on unity,.why has
it not been co-operating
with organisations which
have similar aims?

CICOOPER: Azapo and
the National Forum are
not the same. Azapo is
an overt national politi-
cal organisation which
is prepared to co-oper-
ate with any organisa-
tion that is not part of
the ruling class and not
working within the sys-
tem.

To that end, Azapo
has engaged in commu-
nication with various
resistance groups, even
inviting them to share
Azapo platforms.The
impediment to unity is

not of Azapo’s making. :
For example, we have -

not made acceptance of
Black Consciousness a
prerequisite for such ef-
forts towards unity.

CIQUESTION: Then if

the resistance movements

are split, what chance is

there of presenting a

united front to oppose

the system?

CICOOPER: I don’t be-

lieve that there is such

a dichotomy as to pre-

vent co-operation and

constructive, mature,

political discussion. For

as long as the oppressed

and exploited can re-

member they have been |
subjected to undemo- i
cratic totalitarian mea- |
sures. We ourselves
should not become
party to such self-re-
pression,

Resistance

The more and health-
ier the different politi
cal resistance alterna-
tives there are for the
people, the more pre-
pared we will be when
we attain complete self-
determination.

We believe in democ-
racy, not as a slogan for
the media and for plat-
forms but as an essen-

With the "new deal," the various resistance groups will have to realistically
confront their own prejudices and accept the total responsibility that is part
of true leadership and forge a common basis for principled struggle.

The National Forum, unlike Azapo, is not an organisation but is precisely what
it is called--a forum for all groupings whatever their ideological position

63



CONTINUED WHITE CONTROL OF SOUTH AFRICA FORESEEN
Johannesburg- SUNDAY. TIMES “in ‘English 26-Aug-84-p°26° ~~~ ~~ ~~

[article by Simon Jenkins: "Apocalypse Never..."]

[Text]
MPHE signifi- savor
ceo" meas Let me»
Nromati Ac. Eeriy egiemat git arate re:
cord has yet it portent of which
fully understood by . ‘Such thoughts are re- Hberal prophets had pre-

ica watchers, = arded ay eteorareihie

Certainly it all hac
wt a ad pt of Apartheid is one o of the last jefteat of un a)
script, and foreign —_moral issues ! Western (and Eastern) poli-
observers professed 8% in a world other- {ey-makers; why should .
amazement as the en- to find ‘worry about South Africa

of eid con- om ; i
soled wth Frelimo's - git fa the oppression was about to relieve

erstwhile guerrillas.
Not only that: South

Africa was calling the KA anon we hope 1 Spint inteMectual
us

shots. Where was 0- _;to expiate some of our own t.
rable tide of black revolu- ~ ;guilt. £ not argue about it,
tion? Well, little in Africa © The su gestion that “they said, since the whole
‘conforms to expectations. white rule Africa is * thing will look different in a :
Forecasting political - ‘not imminently doomed is ifew years.
Hand polisers, toiled judgment bot as cite sanctions econonls
Pean be ‘Sn admission of ‘original withdrawal, “and cul
read today, wrapped round sin. and intellectual
‘the fish ‘and, } rer its widespread
yet in Southern Ane T ' fonviction that it would all
patie basis iE he point of the temporary.
the basis, not school was in By failing’ to disentangle
fstct icles, but of atti- late '70s when South Af- moral feelings from
ptmind — and forthe rica's protective ring of analysis, Western observ-
0 decades, predic-  White-ruled states col-
bas been wrong. f under the leftwing that were simply wrong.
: ‘an interest in Tapeed under of They set their face ;
‘South Africa at a political png Mozambique, the ! against comprehending ~
‘function and will be of Swapo in Nami- South Africa, while encom :
‘asked, after acquit and increased tempo of aging the frontline states to .
Pro-a] sympa- war in Rhodesia. they could also ignore
ithies, “how much do "Internal was added to ex- her — or worse, that a few
‘you give it, then?” ternal pressures. words would blow
Always the crisis them, nationwide riots and al down.

SOUTH AFRICA

Observers
ability of Marxist re-
imes in Angola and
Krorambique to sustain
operations, both

military

Similarly, far from
weakening ith Africa’s

‘position, economic ostra-

cism has strengthened

tra
Those proposing it
_ proved too oplinistie, on



cso:

3400/2141

Officials had a meeting at Drie-
fontein with three chiefs from
surrounding areas and told

. them to recruit followers. Now

young men in the area cannot
renew their contracts unless
they have the stamp of one or
the other of. these chiefs in
their passes,” says Trac.

@ Badplaas: In November last

year the people of Embhuleni .

village, near Badplaas, were

, told by notice to remove from

Badplaas before January this
‘year.

REFUSED

The notices said the people
were required to take up resi-
dence in the resettlement
camps of Eerstehoek, Tjakas-
tad or Honingklip. “Some of the

” families threatened with re-

moval have lived there since
1846. The people refused to
move. Since November last
year the removal squad with
all its lorries has been camped
at the entrance to the village.
The Badplaas people live in
daily fear that they will be re-
moved by force,” reports the

+ committee.

@ Leandra: In this urban black
township people’s urban quali-

| fications are being used by the

Administration Board as the

» basis on which to separate out
‘ the population. “The removal is

being resisted by the Leandra
Action Committee. But the Ad-
ministration Board is intent on
pressing ahead. Late in May

the first families were moved
into the new township and
many more are to follow,” says
the newsletter.

@ Bethal: This area has been
the scene of numerous individ-
ual evictions over the last year.
“Families have been evicted
one by one, in the dead of night,
rather than en masse. There
are no public plans to move the
whole location, but the board
justifies the evictions on the
grounds that people are ‘ille-
gaily in the area.”

POLICY

@ Valspan: This Northern Cape
community is attached to the
town of Jan Kempdorp. The
community, mostly Tswana, is
supposed to move to Pampier-
stad in Boputhatswana. Dr Piet
Koornhof has said this is ac-
cording to “long-standing Gov-
ernment policy.”
@ Winterveld: This is a densely
populated area 30km north-
west of Pretoria. There are ap-
. proximately one million people
in the area and 90 percent are
said to be Tswana speaking.
‘Most people moved to the area
to be close to the factories and
employment. “The authorities
have tried to harass residents
into ‘voluntary’ relocation. But
all attempts by the authorities
have been resisted,” reports
Trac.

The committee says the
communities of Lothair, Huhu-
di, Hartebeesfontein, Moutse,
Ekangala, Bethal and Macha-
kaneng are also determined to
resist efforts to remove them.

98



They expressed their satisfaction with the atmosphere of comradeship and the
spirit of understanding which prevailed all throughout the discussions, which
were characterized by the desire to place the general interest above personal
interests.

Recognizing the fact that no congress in the People's Republic of the Congo
had ever been as well-prepared for and organized, the participants in the
congress congratulated the president of the Central Committee and asked him
to strengthen the style of work which is currently being used within the
leading organs of the party. They invited the Central Committee elected by
the Third Regular Congress to see to it that the intermediary and base struc-
tures of the party improve their work methods with a view to greater effi-
ciency.

Finally, the participants in the congress exhorted the militants of the
Congolese revolution and our entire people to rally under the banner of their
revolutionary vanguard in order to wage the battle for the effective con-
struction of the socialist society in the Congo for which the founder of the
party, Comrade Marien Ngouabi, sacrificed his life.

The next regular congress of the Congolese Labor Party will be held in 1989.

Brazzaville, 31 July 1984. Document approved by the congress.

5157
cso: 3419/887

23



3. Sociocultural Document

The delegates to the congress expressed their satisfaction at the efforts
made by the party, the mass organizations and the state to deal with the
sociocultural problems of the popular masses. They noted that the achieve-
ment of concrete activities to the benefit of the people is contributing to
the effective strengthening of the leading role of the party and to guaran—
teeing its continuing links with the masses.

The catastrophic situation inherited from the period preceding the Third
Special Congress in March 1979 prevented the achievement of more important
results during the 5 years which have elapsed, although very substantial
financial and material resources, never before equaled, were mobilized in the
fields of education, health, social affairs, culture, arts, scientific re-
search, sports, leisure and employment.

With particular regard to culture and social conduct, the participants in the
congress stressed their serious concern about the cultural aggression of
which the peoples of the Third World in general and the Congolese people in
particular are being made the victims through the media--films, television,
newspapers, periodicals, books, etc.

They urged the people to become aware of the scope of the sociocultural prob-
lems and the need for all to contribute to resolving them.

Following the study of the political, economic and sociocultural documents,
the delegates to the congress confirmed that prosperous economic development
is the basic condition for the correction of the evils confronting the Congo-
lese people.

They praised the concern evidenced by the president of the Central Committee
and the whole of the party for the harmonious development of the country,
with the protection of the necessary unity which must exist among the poli-
tical, economic and sociocultural sectors.

To this end, additional supplementary measures were urged, in the form of
motions, resolutions and recommendations, to allow the Central Committee
elected by the Third Regular Congress to direct and control the political,
economic and sociocultural activities over the whole of the national terri-
tory efficiently.

4. Report of the Accounting Commission

The delegates to the congress studied the conclusions of the accounting com~
mission on the financial and material administration of the Central Committee
for the period from March 1979 to July 1984.

They evaluated the efforts made during the 5-year period, which have led
to the establishment of a party financial policy, a financial system and a
management system making control of the party's finances possible. The
participants in the congress praised the creation of a party economic sector,

19



ties could pave the way for
a late later consolidation of all

three chambers into one (al-
though that will take more
than five years),

Ferment

eli will also at long last

to the unification of

waite’ and brown Afri-

giving Afri-

koans guage and culture
ion of new life.

-d possibility will be

sonethigg between the two

described above. This

‘ate into the first or
reformulate itself into the
second.

The outcome of the new

: constitution is totally in bal-

: ance at the present mo-

Tent, however, completely

at th ne mercy of the wisdom

and judgment of the Cabi-

the brown parties
involved

Black’ politics will re-
emerge over the next five
years to take centre stage

, would be the least stable ©
: _ poselbllty and would de-

' again. The texture of these -

politics is already apparent
id some trends are fairly

ineiab ible.
issue will be
buck yoy a as in the late
The black high-
school system is over-
and black youth
unemployment will not de-

Expectations are rising
all the time, however. "The

cso: 3400/2141

political yeast in the youth

will ferment gommunity

politics all over the co
Older people with jol

. will hold Peek and hedge

their bets, but from now un-
til the end of the decade and
beyond we are likely te om

school oyeotts, univer tives
bus boycotts
rent strikes in which ‘the

carry the action far
1 the initial precipi-

Strife

The need for an immedi-
ate outlet. for political ener-
les will also augment the
internal strife in black poli-

" Sontict between verona
and the UDF and
between Azaso an

and the UDF and tries
black councils will rage on.

All this will leave whites

Rising the and working
classes.
ore be a large

number of black political
ees Jeaving the coun-
as insur-
gents but, provided the
vernment prevents the
establishment of base
facilities in neighbourin
states, the effects will not
be critical.

i Freatest
, form
‘short to medium term”

i would be a strategic coali-
+ tion or alliance of rank-and- -

What could build up :
ures for re-
change in the

file constituency black or-
ganisations like Inkatha,

, urban black municipal pare

t thes in the Transvaal, of

: non-independent homeland- ,
based political organisa- |
tions and including church- |
based and even trade-union-
linked organisations.

Such a coalition or alli-
Fance could mount an im-
pressive show of potential
strength and yet be suffi |
ciently pragmatic for the |
Government to {ode willing to
‘risk negotiation with it if
specific and realistic de-
mands were pressed.

‘The current state of black
: polities does not augur well
‘ this kind of pressure,
‘however.

{. Much of the action vacil-
Hates Befveen specific is-
ag ideats ot with a neglect at
, an ane;
intermediate strategies
) which’ can be sus'

: Compromise

by increasing] tive ex-
tena crit Ga and sanc-

costly cont allernztives ike ne like ree
ficient and mismanaged
| non-viable independent

It is probable, however,
that in five the old NP

for more cost-effective
routes to development.
mite Government will
most probably be ready to
consider the alternative of
federalism, but, as one
would expect, given an infi-
nitely more clumsy name.
Five years hence we may
Rell even on the b brink of cs
tablishing an ive poli-
tical forum on which the
white/coloured/Indian
at eee
lent gov-
ernments and black local

“yond specific grievances
Tad oulbursts, ©

Five hence there
may well have been much
sound and fury, signifying
very little.

At the end of five years”

the issue of black rights wil °
be an. even bigger and
darker cloud on our horizon
than it is at the moment.

102

governments could conduct.

an increasing measure of
joint decision-making with
fafeguards against domina-

wats could be th the begin:
stable
fitere’n notwithstandin the

probable confusion in black
pales which I have: sug-

ss pei heer it

ids on all of us bein;
to compromise.



NIGERIA

DECLINE IN PEANUT PRODUCTION BLAMED ON LOW PRICE
-Kaduna .NEW NIGERLAN in ‘English 16 -Aug -84 p 16

[Article by Sani Haruna]
[Text] , GOVERNOR of Bauchi State, Brigadier Muhammed Sani Sami, has
: gaid poor icing policy was the major cause of the continuous décline
luction 3 .
He pay unless the Nigerian Groundnut Board (NGB) offéred good
rice for ut, farmers would be reluctant to grow it.
He said for the same reason, our farmers smuggled the produce to
‘ing countries where they got higher prices
Brigadier Sami told the zonal manager of the board in Bauchi,
Malam Abubakar Monju, when he visited-him that it was disturbing
that Nigeria, which was one of the leading groundnut producers in the
world, had turned a major importer.
He urged the board to do
ing possible to reverse | Department, Railways, Nigeria .
the situation, for the good of our | airways, Labour Office, the
economy and welfare of the peo- NYSC Secretariat.

ple.

He commended the board for
establishing a 500-hectare seed
multiplication farm in Goram
near Bauchi and advised the ,
board to explore all aieat ek ‘of
res\ country’s t
in groundnut tion. ad

Earlier, the zonal manager had
said the board had planned tight

tsecurity measures to ensure that
our groundnut was not smuggled
oux of the country, this season.

He said as a morale booster to
farmers, the board had increased
the price from 450 Naira per
metric tonne last year, to 650
Naira per tonne this year.

He mentioned other incentives
given to the farmers and express-
ed optimism that soon the situa-
tion would change.

Earlier Brigadier Sami visited
the P & T., NEPA, Immigration

Cs0: 3400/2136

31



SOUTH AFRICA

LANSERIA AIRPORT MARKS 10TH ANNIVERSARY
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Aug 84 p 4M
{Article by Zenaide Vendeiro]

[Text] Lanseria Airport, near Randburg, quietly celebrated its 10th birthday
this month.

Since it was officially opened on August 16 1974 it has grown phenomenally
to become Africa's busiest airport.

In the past financial year it handled 110 010 aircraft movements and 147 458
passengers and sold almost 6,3 million litres of fuel.

Latest figures for Jan Smuts Airport and Rand Airport are not available, but
in the 1982/83 financial year they recorded 71 442 and 98 552 aircraft move-
ments respectively.

About 78 aviation companies and more than 400 aircraft are based at Lanseria.
It has 22 large hangars with five more being built or planned, and 31 T-
hangars, so-called because they are built in that shape, that can accommodate
one aircraft each. Plans are underway to build 70 more T-hangars.

Last year the runway parallel to the main runway and a large section of the
cross runway were reconstructed at a cost of about Rl million.

The management also wants to reconstruct the 3 km-long main runway in the near
future.

Another recent development has been the construction of a new control tower.

Lanseria Airport is owned by the Roodepoort City Council, the Krugersdorp
Town Council and the Peri-Urban Board.

The acting airport manager, Mr Evert van Eeden, says two members from each

body sit on the Lanseria Management Board and the executive committee con-
sists of the two town clerks and the secretary of the Peri-Urban Board.

112



CHRIS HEUNIS"

CLIMBING INFLUENCE EXAMINED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 12 Aug 84 p 26

[Article by Brian Pottinger:

Grows")
[Text]

. A SEASONED political ob-
server once called Mr Chris
Heunis the Minister for Ev-

B- .

successive years the
tag has grown in accuracy *
until on the eve of the im-
plementation of the new
constitution the affable for- *

and 1
That position is likely to

be enhanced when

— as is widely anticipated

responsibilities. for. black
ies. for
constitutional development
dnd administration. .
| This power by accretion

has

at the cost of one of the
truly t administrative
monoliths — that of Banta
Administration and its bi-
zarrely named successors.

Expansion
Because if it is true that

hof's Department of Co-
operation and Develop-
ment is one of the great

victims.

. _ Most bureaucracies mea-
sure their empires in terms
of manpower, assets and

profile — by Parkinson's
Law their
comes an end in itself.
Minister 1 Heantes De-
partment contrast &
small bat fetlcated staff,
ates from unpreten-
tous offices and maintains
a low profile.
But it can and does mea-

ence; the fan sort
of influence that shapes the

destinies of nations and
guides the expectations of
* millions of people.

The accretion of power
by the Minister of Constitu-
tional Development is a di-

+ rect function of Prime Min-

ister P W Botba’s abi
ate

Ministry
Development and Plan-
ning.

‘The basis for the Min-

ister’s climb was laid.

"ce pete deed

Rebel "Development and
ve
Planning sooved into poet

; bate over Gouth Attica’

55

SOUTH AFRICA

“How the Heunis Empire Grows and Grows and



HEUNIS EXPLAINS 'CONSENSUS JOURNALISM’

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 2

[Article by Chris Heunis:

isn")

[Text]

ment away
” democra-

cy towards a new kind of politics, the emphasis on consensus and
co-cperation between the different groups in South African society.
new ical ‘tion and style must be supported by a common

desire for the politics of ¢onsensus to
These changes and the precondition

ge
ma
fl
Ban
u g
u E
ate

Bg
Say
Ft
an
a
in

I

to
‘out of the Westminster variant of

eer iy are politics in this type of .
democracy characterised by intensely

tive political les, but the
align Gemsclves with

3

H

109

and
ave

majority
democracy usually
Teads ic conflict

grou
experience

competition, and this
perception gives rise
attitude, especially :
circumstances of risk
and , and
because cultural

SOUTH AFRICA

"What I Meant When I Called for Consensus Journal-



cso:

3400/2141

into their midst.

“The Nats have been trying
to take over my party for
years,” said Raw, who faces
the bitter prospect of watch-
ing NRP supporters in Natal
handing his party on a plate
to the Nats.

He reminded that the Nats
had stated openly that the
NRP was irrelevant and
should disappear from the.po-
litical scene. * :

Editorial attacks on the
party have been scathing.
Read one: “The NRP is so far
from coming to grips with the
real issue of our time that it
merely clutters the political
landscape. Their elim-
inates a distraction.”

Read another: “It is sad in
deed that the last spasms of a
political movement to which
so many South Africans once
gave their allegiance should
be so undignified.”

With politicians predicting
the September 29 Natal con-
gress as the NRP swan song,
with the Federal Executive
meeting on November 3 likely
‘to seal its fate, Mr Raw’s con-
fident predictions that with
the support of die-hards he
would be able to hold the

- party together appear re-
mote.

It seems almost certain
that the NRP, rudderless and
adrift in a stormy political

*gea, has little hope of salvag-
ing-the wreckage of its bat-
tered image among either

leaders: or disillusioned
supporters. O

73



FORCES SAID READY TO CONTAIN EXTERNAL AGGRESSION

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Jul 84 pp 1, 4

THE Chief of Army Staff, Major-General 1.B:
Babangida at the weekend assured the nation of
thé Armed Forces preparedness to contain any

[Text]

cso:

3400/2139

external agression.

Major-General Babangida told newsmen during a
brief interview in Abeokuta that Nigeria was more
than ever before battle-ready for aggression of any .

kind.

The Army Chief who was in company of other top army of-
ficers was in Abeokuta for this year's Army Shooting Range
Classification Exercise held at Alamala Army Cantonment

-along Abeokuta/Aiyetoro

toad. :
Major-General Babangida :

who put the present strength
of the army at 150,000 also ap-
‘pealed to Nigerians to -be
Teady for any eventuality.

Major-General Babangida
‘who was also asked questions
on’ military equipment said
ithat although the present
austerity measures affected
its. procurement programmes,
all was well.

He said that it was not true
that the army was living in
plenty amidst want, adding
that austerity measures now
prevalent in the country af-

fected every facet and institu- :

tion, including the armed

forces.

He also disclosed that the
phasing out of illiteracy
among the rank and file of
military personnel would be a

gradual process spread bet-.

“aween 1984 arid 1989.“

Major-General Babangida
= refused bluntly to comment on.
Nigeria and British relation-
ship over Umaru Dikko’s af-
fair. Onthe shooting range ex-
ercise, he. said, “So far so
Rood. ‘The exercise is a con-
‘tinuous one and we learn a
great lesson from it.”

Earlier, General Babangida
had during the shooting exer-
ise sca a] ints, pont

Ogun e, (30 points)
“Brigadier M. Nassarawa, Ar-
my Adjutant General (20
- points) -anc |. Dogonyaro,
“4 4 points): Dogonyaro,
‘ General Babangida
‘had earlier enforced: discipline
«when ‘he sent some commis-
sioned officers who missed all
their targets during the

shooting exeyrise for. grass-
cutting exercise “to sone as,

‘punishment for wasting am-
‘ munition”.

25

NIGERIA



MORE STRIKES LOOM

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 15 Aug 84 p 3

{Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text]

i MORE than 100 000

' workers — black and

! white — in South Af-
Tica’s gold mines and
metal industries have
threatened to go on
legal strikes over
wages and. working
conditions in the next
two weeks.

This was disclosed to
.The SOWETAN by
union leaders who said
that the industrial action
follows crucial dead-
locks reached between
them and managements
in the industries.

Meanwhile several
hundred of workers
have been dismissed at
other industries in Cape
Town, Durban and

CSO: 3400/2129

Johannesburg after
strikes over wages and
trade union recognition.

Industrial action is
threatening at Highveld
Steel Complex near Wit-
bank, where several
hundred of the approxi-
mately 5700 black and
white workers voted in
favour of ‘the strike by
late last night.

Disputes

The strike ballot was
being held jointly by the
Metal and Allied Work-
ers’ Union (Mawu), the
South African Boiler-
makers’ Society and
other unions recruiting

in the company, accord-
ing to sources.

The unions declared
disputes with Highveld
during in-house negotia-
tions which followed a
deadlock in the Steel
and Engineering Indus-
trial Council.

A Mawu spokesman
said that after the voting
they will go back to
workers to decide on an
industrial action or to
try to persuade manage-
ment to go back to the
negotiationtable.-  -

In the gold industry
over 90 000 workers
may go on strike follow-
ing a deadlock in the
crucial conciliation

91

SOUTH AFRICA

_ board meeting between

the Chamber of Mines
and the National Union
of Mineworkers (Num).

» The deadlock in the

board’s negotiations
opens the way for the

‘first legal strike by black

mineworkers. :

The union’s spokes-
man yesterday said that
they have started on
their reportback meet-
ings with members.

The spokesman said
that “he could not say
what indications the
workers have taken, but
agreed that at the
union’s national confer-
ence the workers had re-
solved to go on strike if
other means could not
be reached to dissolve
the dispute.



picked them up and run the risk that the tires will be sold to clear out the
space. Another bottleneck is the shortage of benzene (produced by SONANGOL
{National Angolan Fuel Company]), which will run out within days. It is noted
that, for each day the plant is idle, 44 tires are not produced, with the con-
sequent negative implications for the planned quotas.

Savings in Foreign Exchange

On going into operation, in 1982/1983 the plant produced 5,143 tires, correspond-
ing to a savings, in this period, of $666,532.80 in foreign exchange. In other
words, if the ETP had had to purchase this number of tires, it would have spent
$1,028,600. “With this system of rehabilitation, each tire cost out at $70.40,"
declared the ETP's financial director.

In the first 6 months of this year, the plant received 3,580 old tires and
repaired only 2,174 of them (the remaining tires were rejected for reasons noted
above).

“If we had had to import these 2,174 tires at $200 apiece, we would have had

to spend $434,800, The cost per recapped tire was considerably less, at $63.03.
It should be noted that, in the first 6 months of this year alone, the country
saved $297,172.78, which comes to 19,410,950 kwanzas," added the financial
director of ETP.

Company Charges Dollars to Foreign Firms

The ETP, which is the contracting company, has imported $210,000 worth of raw
materials to date.

The BANDAG plant, which is currently processing industrial tires (used for
caterpillars, tractors, etc)shas come to the rescue of such companies as the
Port of Luanda and Paviterra, whose machines were idled for lack of tires.

In order to bring more foreign exchange into the company, it is currently recapping
tires for Intertransport at $90 per tire, which goes into the coffers of the
company through the Department of International Operations of the People's

Bank of Angola.

6362
CSO: 3442/461



‘LABOR PARTY'S POLITICAL TRACK RECORD EXAMINED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 25 Aug 84 pp 1, 2

[Article by David Braun:

[Text]

HIS week’s general election

proved the road to accommo-
dating coloured political aspira-
tions is going to be long and diffi-
cult to negotiate.

The percentage poll was high
enough not to make the elections
a flat rejection of the new consti-
tutional dispensation, but too low

: for the forces of participation in

the dispensation to claim a ring-
ing endorsement by the elector-
ate.
Parties taking part in the elec-
tion said at various times that
they would accept 30 percent
(one leader said 25 percent) as a
mandate to take their seats in
the new House of Representa-
tives. The boycott movement had
indicated a poll as high as 30 per-
cent would mean that its action
had failed.

In the event, the poll was suffi-
ciently close to 30 percent to put
the outcome of the election in
that grey area where both par-
ticipants and boycotters could
claim victory.

Those who wanted the elec-
tions to succeed claimed intimi-
dation, negative publicity and a
lack of party finances brought
the poll down. The boycott advo-
cates insisted the outcome was a
genuine reflection of the con-
tempt which the community had
for the new constitution.

Political analysts point out,
whatever the truth, the people
voted in sufficient numbers to
give the new system a flicker of
acceptance.

“High Noon in Parliament")

The low poll does not afféct
the new Parliament from the
point of view of the coloured
MPs taking their seats. The Gov-
ernment had previously said the

. System would proceed, no matter
‘what the outcome of any elec-
tion or referendum in the col-
oured and Indian communities.

But the poll does affect the
, Performance of the new Parlia-
‘ment in that there is now even
more ‘pressure on the Govern-
ment and the victorious Labour
Party to make the system work.

A constant criticism levelled

at the participating parties by ‘

“the boycott movement during the
,€lection campaign was the new
System was merely a perpetua-
ition of white baasskap. The
{“sell-outs” who stood for election
‘would find they had no real
: power to improve the lot of their
| communities, let alone dismantle
| apartheid laws.

- All the parties argued the op-
posite, They said they did not
-agree with the constitution, but
they were ready to grasp the
power offered to destroy the dis-
.criminatory system from with-
in.

Just over a quarter of the elec-
torate believed ‘this strongly
enough to risk voting, while
‘many more voters clearly re-
mained cynical.

The ball is now squarely in the
Government’s court. The Labour
Party will be anxious to produce
-Meaningful reforms as soon as
possible to vindicate its’ role in
the constitution.

An area which will receive ur-
‘gent attention is the Cape Penin-

74

SOUTH AFRICA



LABOR'S ALLAN HENDRICKSE PROFILED

Cabinet Post Likely

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 25 Aug 84 p 11

[Article by Jaap Boekkooi:

{Text}

When the then Minister of
Justice, Mr Jimmy Kruger
of Biko-leaves-me-cold
fame, met the fair Mrs
Terry Hendrickse in 1976 to
discuss the release of her
jailed Black Power advo-
cate husband Allan, the

Minister took one glance ~

and exclaimed: “But Mrs
Hendrickse ... you are not:
black!”

It was another Mr Kruger
blunder, for this was the open-
ing the Labour leader’s wife

“was looking for. “

“You have made me black
by your laws,”-she shot back.

“Go to any post office. There
are two entrances ... we enter
through the door marked non-
whites. That makes us all
black.”

The retort and the Minister's
remark encapsulates a telling
slice of local Africana. For the
Hendrickse family is so typi-
cally indigenous, descended as

it is from a sick comforter on a’

Dutch ship to-Hottentots and
_Asian slaves, that it includes
gone-for-whites (who may only
be visited Stealthily at night)
all the way to former United
Party leader Sir de Villiers
Graaff, to whom the Hen-
drickses are related through
Lord de Villiers.

At one time all this did not
mean much, for the Uitenhage
of Mr Allan Hendrickse’s infant
days was a relaxed place. The
neighbours on both sides of the
Hendrickse’s large Cape-gabled
house with its big comfortable

" stoep were white Afrikaners,

and just down the street lived
an Indian family and also the

* local rabbi.

Allan’s mother employed a
white woman, tenant of their
first Uitenhage house, as her
seamstress. The family was
happy and well-off even in the
Depression — the parents’ sa-
laries as teachers meant more
then. Education made Allan’s
father a prominent personality
and the first non-white moder-
ator of the Congregational
Church, a post in which Allan

» followed him,

But apartheid, in whatever

» disguise, was already creeping

up like a cloud of choking gas.
Allan’s first political experi-

ence, as told in Piet Coetzer’s’
. book “Awaiting Trial — Allan

Hendrickse” (published by Li-
brarius this week) was at the
age of 11 when he and his fa-
ther travelled to Port Eliza-
beth with a banner “Down With
Segregation” on their car to
protest against segregation
Plans by the Smuts-Hertzog co-
alition.

80

SOUTH AFRICA

"The Prison Graduate Who Often Cries Alone"']

, From there on, past the

milepost of 1948 and legalised
apartheid, the full weight of op-
pression came down on the
Hendrickses. Under the Group
Areas Act their Dale Street
Congregational Church and thé
Parsonage were taken away

. from them and demolished.

“Our history is one of dispos-
session,” the Rev Hendrickse

” was to say later.

Humiliation became a way

» of life for all coloured people

under apartheid’s legal arro-
gance. His sister-in-law ‘was
the first coloured person to be
charged with sitting on a
“white” railway station bench.
His brother John-Paul became
a paediatrician and obstetric-
ian in Britain and married a
British woman. They could,
only ‘come here on condition
she was reclassified coloured,
and he had to get special per-
mission to visit his dying fa-.
ther, before he died himself in’
exile — a world authority on
cancer — in Nigeria.

His youngest sister, trained
at Fort Hare like he, gained
two doctorates and emigrated
to the United States.

While in solitary confine-
ment during the 1976 riots and
boycotts, every effort was

"made to break’ the reverend’s

spirit.



ANGOLA

TRANSPORT OFFICIAL VISITS KUANDO-KUBANGO
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 29 Jul 84 p 12

[Text] Menongue--Paulo Bernardo Bonga, vice minister of transportation, has
been in this province for 2 days, leading a delegation from his ministry. The
minister visited Cuito Cuanavale Municipio, accompanied by Provincial Gommmis-
sioner Manuel Francisco Tuta ("Batalha de Angola").

Turing a rally in that municipio, the local residents presented their major
problems, principally with regard to supplies of essential products because
of the shortage of vehicles to transport them from the province capital to the
municipios.

Speaking on that occasion, the vice minister of transportation said the party

and government were trying to improve the nation's truck fleet, but the war which
the puppet bands are waging against the Angolan people had hampered their efforts.
In this regard, he appealed for greater vigilance to neutralize all those who

are attempting to sabotage the nation's economy.

During his stay in the province, the vice minister of transportation visited
the ministry offices in the province; he met with local government officials
and with workers of the Transport Ministry delegation.

According to the Angolan news agency ANGOP, on leaving Menongue, the minister
traveled to Huila Province and will proceed from there to Moxico and Lunda-Sul
provinces,

Peasants’ Associations Formed

Meanwhile, ANGOP has learned from local government officials that 14 peasant
associations and a fishing cooperative have been formed to date in Kuando-Kubango
Province,

Although this process has been hampered by the shortage of seeds, fertilizers,
tractors and fuels, the officials contacted by ANGOP reported that the enthusiasm
of the peasants is quite encouraging.

The creation of cooperatives and associations is one of the higher-level direc=
tives of the party and is aimed at instilling the spirit of collective labor



But the fighting has already gone on for hundreds of years and noone has
yet solved the problem.

PHOTO CAPTION
Basins and boxes full of dagga seized by the squad at Tugela Ferry. The

weed is exchanged for costly firearms bought for between R 900 to R4 000
each

cso: 3400/2141

108



All quite understandable given the major setback the opposition parties suf-
fered during the referendum and the uncertain position in which all opposition
parties stand.

The most the party leadership could share with its followers was defiance and
this Dr Treurnicht did--quoting, with approval, Churchillian phrases of resis-
tance and socialism. The new constitution--it was made abundantly clear--
would be opposed to the last. A volk does not die without a fight.

But of substantive policy there remained little the CP could offer except the
zany: the "white homeland" idea was canvassed and warmly received, thus put-
ting the CP ideologically into the select company of the true political ec-
centrics.

On financial policy the party remained as opaque as ever. Attacks on GST
increases, bond hikes, the general economy and Government "mismanagement"
were made. But at the same time the Indian and coloured "homeland" idea would
cost an awful lot of money to implement.

And then there were those old shibboleths which the CPers had once grimly seen
disappear from the National Party platform to make way for things like inte-
grated post offices, black admissions to white universities and the" Hpermanence"
of blacks in "white" South Africa. :

In successive leaps backwards the CP is slowly resurrecting the old and harsh-
er espects of NP policy. In so doing it has melted the ideological gulf
between itself and the Herstigte Nasionale Party, and there were glowing
descriptions of the benefits to be gained by harnessing the conservative white
vote for the benefit of all.

And as if to celebrate this new-found potential in joint action, the CP de-
cided in principle to contest municipal by-elections under CP colours. In that
crucial and most sensitive of areas it hopes to create the constituency that
will project it from its northern fastnesses into the urban areas,

The tools for a major right-wing mobilisation are at hand--white dissatisfac-
tion with the economy, the farmers’ parlous financial state, the uncertainty
of the new constitution.

But from the pale shadow of its former robust self, it is to be wondered if

the party can really capitalise on the opportunities both man and drought have
presented to it.

CSO: 3400/2141

78



PM PROMISES TO INVOLVE MORE ENGLISH~SPEAKERS

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg THE STAR REVIEW in English 25 Aug 84 p 6

[Article by Michael Green in the "View From Natal" colum: "Open More Posts

to the English Speakers"

[Text]

IHE Prime Minister's promise to involve:

more English-speakers in the running of the
country is of course welcome news, especially
here in Natal, the English heartland (to adapt an
Afrikaans phrase) of South Africa.

In one sense he has already shepherded a
large flock of English-speakers into the corri-
dors of power. When the new constitution comes
into effect the House of Delegates will be entire-

ly English-speaking. Afrikaans is Greek to 99,9

of our Indian community.

But I don’t think that’s what Mr P W Botha
had in mind. No doubt he was thinking of suc-
cessors to Messrs Owen Horwood, John Wiley,
Frank Waring, Alf Trollip, Denis Worrall and
the rest of the thin red line of white English-
speaking Nationalists. Thin in numbers, that is,
not necessarily in health or wealth.

If Mr Botha proposes opening more public

posts to English speakers he deserves every en-

* couragement. For more than 30 years “The Eng-

lish” have been virtually excluded from the gov-

+ ernment and its agencies, and the loss has been

South Africa’s. A vast reservoir of ability has
been left untapped while men of distinctly mod-
est talents have fumbled with the country’s
problems. - _

cso: 3400/2141

104

The more reasonable attitudes adopted by
the Government today, amid plaudits from its
propagandists, have been largely brought about
by the values doggedly sustained for years by
English speakers and institutions,

It is not a coincidence that the strongholds of

liberal ideas in this country are still English-

speaking constituencies, and that the fortresses
of f the right-wing are still in the Northern Trans-
v is

I don’t doubt Mr Botha’s sincerity. The trou-
ble is that there has always been an unspoken |
condition to be fulfilled before English speakers
could enter the portals of power. They had to
join the National Party, and in practice most of
them balked at this.

Why? Because a great many of us allegedly
supine and non-politic al lish speakers still
cannot stomach the Immoral'ty Act, the Mixed
Marriages Act, forced removal of people, deten-
tion without trial and interference with a free
flow of information.

I can understand that it may not be realisti-
cally possible to be a white Cabinet Minister
unless one is a member of the National Party.
But there are plenty. of non-political jobs in the
gift of the Government, from the Banana Con-
trol Board to the board of the SABC, jobs in
which English-speakers could make a conspicu-
ous contribution.

If Mr Botha wants to give the English a fair
deal he could start right there. Some of the ben-
eficiaries might even be grateful enough to join
the National Party and stand for public office.

But if he is ly looking for widespread and
overt English support and participation in gov-
ernment, I suggest that he turn his mind to the
nasty laws and practices listed above. If he can
find a way of eliminating or at least moderating
them, he might indeed win English support, with

_ an unexpected bonus: The National Party as a
. whole could rest with an easier conscience.
es



SECRET DETAILS OF SALEM OIL FRAUD DISCLOSED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Aug 84 p 6

{Editorial:

[Text]

cso:

"Peering Beneath the O11 Slick"]

SECRET details of the Salem
oil fraud in 1980 were disclosed
yesterday at a Johannesburg
seminar on international mari-

time fraud. The matter is of
. obvious interest to South Afri-

can taxpayers who were swin-
died out of R26 million. It is le-
gitimate to ask why South
Africans are being given these
facts only now, several years
after they became public
knowledge abroad. .

The latest revelations pu!
-our Government in a good
light. Ironically it was its pas-
sion for secrecy that caused
suspicion about its own role in
the affair. Yet any Govern-
ment which hides information
from its people (there are al-
ways a dozen “good” reasons
for doing so) deserves outright
condemnation. Secrecy has be-
come almost a norm in our bu-
reaucracy — so much so that
‘the public often fails to react
when people discover they
have been “conned” by slick
manipulation of the news, or
withholding of facts about em-
barrassing bumbles.

Unless the trend in censor-
ing news about an increasing

3400/2141

number of “sensitive areas” is
reversed, the nation’s security
as a whole will suffer — not to
mention any sense of confi-
dence and trust. For every
good reason advanced for hid-
ing the facts from the people,
there are five better reasons
for being frank, honest and
open.

In the Salem instance it ap-
pears that the Government
may: have belatedly come to
this same realisation — al-
though as recently as last
month the Minister of Energy

Affairs was still berating the

Press for its probing of oil
scandals. What has happened
to change official attitudes?
The new frankness on one item
in a taboo topic may be con-
nected with South Africa’s
greater self-reliance through
Sasol, or perhaps with at-
tempts to recover the Salem
losses through overseas courts.
Whatever the motivation, it is
a welcome development. It
could well be followed in other
spheres of government where
secrecy rules for no good rea-
son except obsessive habit.

89

SOUTH AFRICA



CREATION OF ‘INTENSIVE DEMOCRACY’ ADVOCATED

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 12 Aug 84 p 24

SOUTH AFRICA

[Article by Dennis Beckett, editor of Frontline: "How We Can Get Off the

Tiger")
[Text]
security, ‘As has often been said,
deeply sought after by | white South Africa is in the
white South Africans, “position of a man riding te
seems an elusive goal. ger. We cannot get off. We as-
” Perhaps the answer lies in sume that if we relinquish
a route which has not yet control, to allow more than
been much examined. Name- token black political partici-
Jy, the active creation of in- pation, blacks will use their
tensive democracy. -Bumbers to act against our
tn blich democracy becomes cer if in the present s0-
fa weapon for stability Itisa cial environment South Afri.
stractore can citizenship were some-
criss-crossed by « multitude how granted to all, it is quite
of largely autonomous demo- Ukely that blacks be-
pene peuple are locked BS benette by supporting
ints “democratic. processes whatever the whites most
and most of the awfal pro.- decried. We have cre-
pects wi which we foresee can- ated that attitade
"For katance, in a soclety be mach of the chaos and ca-
thus ensnared by web of de- : which whites pre-
mocracy, it is impossible for dict, which is why citizenship
{grants fo emerge or coups to 4s not about to be granted to
Ss aiversity \- ‘Yet we know that the harsh

saree that Thgoght Control. of arithmetic will even-
ders abd Big Brothers stay tually assert itself and white ~
creatures of . ; control come to an end. We |

‘There are no sudden and assume this must necessarily
dramatic upheavals. Rather, : Involve our, white,
there is as as it is possi- One result is that the entire
ble to get to a cast-iron guar- hovers in limbo.
antee ry, Dread of the looming al-

gua makes it impossible to
:. , face squarely
Limbo . take but one ‘example: 4
+, Most ly, in South fight ‘agulaet Sas crime,
Africa's circumstances, but we are not fighting it,
there ts the prospect of over- Instead, we are trying to
coming spartheld ithout deal with the problem by
the needing to fear be- limniting the access of blacks
coming victims of its re- to the cities. We try to stop
verse. the unstoppable, and in the

. process, alienate ordinary,

lecent black people who do

‘not want orban crime any
more than anyone else.

We make it impossible for
them to throw their lot in on
the side of law and order.

Todo so they must be “sell-
outs”, collaborators with the
white man’s purpose of dis-
criminat ‘against .them-

We are living what we
know to be a bad trip, despite
its disguise of extravagant

environment, and the ethnic
make-up which we have done -
much to make rigid, we can-

an disaster.

fet, nor can we persuade

ourselves that white control

is forever.

‘We don’t see a way out. We
not, » place :

structure, which ensures di-
versity, continuity and stabil-

‘As things stand there are



SOUTH AFRICA

LOBBY WORKS TO SCRAP IMMORALITY ACT
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 2

[Article by Brian Pottinger]

[Text]
THE scrap-the-Immor- black woman, married
ality Act lobby within UA imam ved for years as
the Government has fhe pataldservant in ‘own
been given a powerful pro} f y.
boost ‘by the over- conte aa ’s white fan:
whelming weight of he learnt his lover was actu-
evidence before a par- ally coloured.
liamentary select com- ‘And the absurdity of the
Act was also revealed in evi-
‘The. committee was a] dence by a panel of geneti-
to Investigate One of them told how hs
Immorality Act and the the tem and rejected own adopted come
Immerality ban terial Goverment fur up for race classification.
The 415-pages of evidence tification for them — ‘With all his knowledge he
committee they would protect coloured rer Pere ine ther child

uivocally in favour ofre-  “imy " but would have such “pure” registering the child as
ity ewe eeatted aitogetier pre. CUE 2 ie lag ras tus eee ay of elann
Pee the tindlags of settee siatd le. Paget on asclenificImpossl- suber gercely opposed to the

a body
opinion offsets the findings of ly the state bility. opposed
‘controversial HSRC advisers had given the diy isolated far-right laws or in their de-
— such as

kanera, 40 percent of English-
speakers, 24 percent of y opposed fo the Froblbition ‘One witness claimed social rap the provisions.

Indians favoured the reten- Section 1¢of tre immorality tween different race groups | commitee under Mr Piet Ba
Act and called for thelr im- was a “so! 1p” process denhorst, Deputy Minister a
which would lead to eventual Internal Affairs, asked Par
Re. Tiament to expand its term
Ad ted Pecnnunend if it wishes th

opte:
complete repeal of the tw
pars ote ereeret ar Tee move hastened a

lar!

de under Mr ready strong speculation tht
Miley Ric the rere destined #

ichards —
‘ed the horrific cost the laws a acre a
have levied on the lives of ot
oT See Durban, incident utering the trie
one new
in evidence a meral Parllament.

csO: 3400/2141

53



The victories won on the political level reflect the faithfulness to the
commitments made at the Third Special Congress and the development of a new
dynamics in the functioning of the party, both at the summit and at the base.

By launching the party again, by putting order in the administration of the
state, and by ridding itself of the will for power as a line of conduct for
the leadership cadres, and by reestablishing peace and tranquility for the
people, the Central Committee believes it has done away with the basis of the
5 February 1979 disputes.

During the 5 years which have elapsed, the Congolese Labor Party has satis-
factorily carried out its tasks of orientation and control. However, short-
comings have been observed, resulting in part from a lack of a suitable body
with responsibility for overseeing the implementation of the decisions of the
Central Committee and the Political Bureau.

The mass and social organizations have made contributions of many sorts to
the consolidation of the party, but they will have to deal with the low level
of motivation in their base structures.

In the National People's Army, the party has promoted the development of
political structures in the armed forces, and has launched a dynamic policy
of cadre training. Under its impetus, our armed forces have developed con-
siderably. However, with a view to strengthening the leading role of the
party and correctly applying the principle of single command, reforms have
become necessary in the structures of the National People's Army.

On the economic level, it is important to recall that the economic situation
prior to the Third Special Congress of the Congolese Labor Party was cata-
strophic, and was more particularly characterized by economic chaos and the
chronic insolvency of the country.

In 5 years, an effort to effect recovery has been undertaken. The implemen-
tation of the supplementary and transitional programs has been completed to
an appreciable extent. The first two sections of the 1982-1986 five-year
plan have been satisfactorily carried out.

It is interesting to note the improvement in public finances, the launching
of recovery for certain state enterprises, the establishment of new produc—
tion units, the encouraging mobilization of financial resources, the creation
of infrastructures for unifying the territory and the building of roads.

The reorganization of management of the whole of the state economic sector
must represent an absolute imperative.

On the sociocultural level, substantial resources were mobilized to deal with
the problems of education, health, labor, transportation and housing. Diffi-
culties still exist and will be overcome as they are encountered, while each
generation must play its historic role.

The president of the Central Committee stressed the problem of man, because
he is the actor and the beneficiary of his own actions. Man is the decisive

15



All the Results

TRANSVAAL

NATAL INTERIOR
ALRA PARK th

gszez
ll

See 5
ui

‘Spoit papers.

Percentage pothesis 26.81
ORANGE FREE STATE
BLOEMFONTEIN OPKOMS

ELDORADO PARK
‘T Alwander (FP). $20

Porventage pall
KLIPSPRUIT WEST

1B Anthony (FP).
“D Prinsloo tPcP)

+ Spoitt papers.
ESSELEN PARK

u
538

ae

fi

one a
z
2
a
3

Porcentage poll...
GREENWOOD PARK

44

ii

s

16
Parveertage poll eicermrreseee 1012

GRIQUALAND WEST



erful influence onthe La- |
: Swartkops.

} org
| Peaebaable polls up to 465

ercent in the Labour
leader’s constituency of

Statistically, however, the

‘. national impact of the East-

ern Cape vote is not that sig-

Uitenhage metropolitan

area.

ary also scored igh pols
pol

in the three out of five seats

that were contested.

But again the statistical
figure fs offset by the small
size of the ituencies —
in the OFS they ar only
3472 voters com) to the
average 14 219 in the Cape.

_._,@ In the 10 Transvaal con-

stituencies the Labour Party’

also fared relatively well be-
cause oft the tight party or-

ganisation.
Highest rural percentage
SEN A

ansvaal
and highest urban was

vaal
Jac Rabie scored 50,7 per-
cent.

the PWV metropolitan area.
@ In Natal rural areas the
LP scored well against the

Inexperience Caused Low Poll

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p7

[Article by Stephan Terblanche]

[Text]

roe
rolls, del
Regis

THE
tion as the most im
percentay

ter and lack
candidates.

Government should not blame intimida-
je poll in tals week's cleo oe
The midst portant factors Include a lack

Lud
le use of outdated voters’
itation accor to the Pe ti
ota eas

These are the views of a

the Lal

helped ibour
Party to its landslide election

victory, Mr Kobus du Plessis,

buble reuters sonagy
ic

engay the LP to help it
Ere fee the elections, ty machinery.
du Plessis says that the

Government

credit than is

ed] Democratic Front (UDF)

dud the Uae

it groups by

stituency basis at an ear!
stage, thus also placing a bug. ne
on
; y But the LP had
managed, nonetheless, to
stron,

build up a 1g organisa-
tion.

cso:

other boycott
blaming intimidation for the

whe late delimitation of
constituencies prevented us
from organising on a con-

3400/2141

" they were the ex ”

Problems

- “One of our problems was

a lack of funds. My consult-

BOG, Was involved in ralsing

few companies aie
ibution

du Plessis said that out-
dated voters’ rolls caused
considerable problems, as

48

cot lobby — it drew 40,5
pero in the Natal interior,
Pagely due to the * personality
of its candidate Mr E Dunn.

But the Labour Party’s
test setback was in
sno ets
seats wi percent
coloured ion live.
Nearly 40 percent of the
total coloured population
lives in the 20 ituencies
and an estimated $5,5 per-
cent of the eligible voters are

On that basis it is estimat-
ed that no more than 7,9 per-
cent of eligible voters in the
Peninsula actually went to
the polls.

: BC Pottinger, 77
ree eine Towne 77 bore



SOUTH AFRICA

MELLOWING OF CONSERVATIVES NOTED
Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 2
[Article by Brian Pottinger]

{Text] THE infant Conservative Party is rapidly passing into premature
middle-age.

From its boisterous adolescence it has grown into a quieter creature--the
only shrillness remains in its policies.

This week the party's Transvaal faithful gathered again in Pretoria's City
Hall--the same venue where many of them had sat year after year as delegates
to National Party congresses.

But this congress was different from last year's first Transvaal provincial
congress since the founding of the party in early 1982. Then the City Hall
had positively dripped with the excitement and fervour of a new crusade--to
save the whites of South Africa from Mr P W Botha's "dangerous liberialism".

Then the hall was packed to overflowing to hear Dr Andries Treurnicht's
speech, the applause was deafening, the congress fired by endless motions of
condemnation of the Government.

This year the hall showed bald patches in a thinning crowd, the chanted "AP,
AP" as the leader entered sounded jaded and the Congress delegates--try as
they might--could not quite rise to the same levels of ringing indignation
at Government perfidy as before. Only a debate on SABC bias succeeded in
echoing some of the old fervour.

Not even the fact that it kas won three out of the four by-elections it has
contested in recent months could completely hide the CP's condition. The
party, it rapidly became apparent, was showing the signs of consolidation,
maturity and retrospection.

All quite understandable given the major setback the opposition parties suf-

fered during the referendum and the uncertain position in which all opposition
parties stand.

77



BURKINA

KEY REVOLUTIONARY FIGURE COMPAORE SPEAKS TO PRESS
Paris REVOLUTION in French 29 Jun-5 Jul 84 pp 18-19

[Interview with Capt Blaise Compaore by Andre Brecourt in Paris; date of inter-
view not specified]

[Text] Capt Blaise Compaore, 33 years old and the "boss" of
the paratroopers-commandos stationed in the city of Po, is
a key figure in Burkina. He is the one who enabled Thomas
Sankara to regain power on 4 August 1983. Considered the
number two man in the government, he answered our questions
at the time of his visit to Paris.

[Question] Since it took power on 4 August 1983, Burkina's revolutionary _
government has often been in the forefront of the news. The first 6 months of
this year were filled with events. What is the present situation?

[Answer] Since it took power, the Burkinabe revolution. has actually had many ups
and downs, which were not our fault. They are due rather to those who cannot
bring themselves to admit that the Burkinabe people intend to be the masters of
their destiny. Those people will have to create a reason, especially since our
revolution is growing stronger both quantitatively and qualitatively. The
Burkinabe people are aware that they are today in the process of writing their own
history. And that is extremely encouraging. Let us say that the revolution is
growing stronger because thus far all its enemies have not succeeded in weaken-
ing it, despite their many plots and campaigns of deception.

[Question] What kinds?

[Answer] We consider them part of the normal course of history, because as long
as we are committed to a revolutionary approach, there will inevitably be an
attempt at counterrevolution. Since 4 August 1983, we have also had to deal with
both internal and external enemies. In this regard, we can say that the teachers'
strike in March was the first large-scale attack on the government. That strike
was orchestrated from Paris by Professor Ki-Zerbo, whose ties to the Socialist
Party [PS] are well known. There were many who were surprised at the severity
of the decision opposing the strikers. The movement had to be broken, for if
the government had shown weakness, other organizations were ready to go into
action. That was part of a vast plan of destabilization. It was following this
failure that reactionary forces decided to raise their action to the level of

10



W. shouldhavemadea shea

- First World rules an regu-
lations in order to create
eater lebensraum oft

and unempl
th the coloured and Sack
circles in the Peninsula
{end inthe rest of the coun-

ition, I must em-

it the relative °

Prportance of the informal
sector and its “welfare-cre-

- city for Third
wal and poverty uf erty people,
were not yet P hlly appreci-

ated 10 years ago.
The commission was of
the opinion that the inter-
- ests of the blacks and the
poorer coloureds were
confi

in ict with
each olter
I now realise that if the

the exten partment

of absolute poverty and the
tremendous sf

lack states
Wareancn cat
the commission
was at that time still
mistic that the develop-
ment strategy for the black
‘states would create the ne-
cessary job opportunities.

| it did not

hay and there is
cal rird World

CSO: 3400/2141

from the rural areas to the
urban areas which may
even  Ancrease in the years

‘ustlfiable concern has
arisen about the way the
independent black trates
are spending the hundreds
of million of rands that are
annually transferred to.
them via the Budget.

Apparently it 2s be-
come attach

ther strict rings” to

ese funds to’ensure that

Sey rule will be ¢ spent in in ways
ing condone black

aa eirthly, , Our recommen-
dation that the coloured

oa

iplemented. Perhay
the real reason that it
not implementable.
e strength of evi-

dence of the Department of

Manpower, the Economic

Committee of the Presi-

dent’s Council made the fol-
statement:

« despite high unem-

‘ peat dmong. mong coloureds eas

coloureds .

menplered employers still

have to Approach the De-

Manpower | for
work permits in order to
employ black workers.
These its are readily

fact "that during dittng 10th er:

ex-
emptions were grented in
respect of 46 753 instances

_ out of a total of 49 278 appli-

$e pena (in other 3 words, in
the cases)”.
rade ta one Tied

mth dmiietrecve bur-
den of the coloured ured prefer:
ence sys stem "encour ° .
loyers ce 0.
priet Gree
employers are a
budgeting’ in advances for

: fine efor empl

_ ence policy could not be

ible ent of

ig “illegal”

PTR amples not
wi “cheaper” but also
tape , the bureaucratic

" eceuse coloured

plied and because of ser gerlows
fh theback apilation is
lation
eninsula has

more
than ‘outed in the last 10
. years,

Cee, the num-

ber of coloureds and blacks
in the Peninsula that are
either not continuously em-
ployed in the formal sector,
or not not employable in this
those that are
mec fe
1 con-

eb:

These ranks will without j
doubt multiply in the years ”

and decades ahead — even
if .influx control, which

obably cannot be abol-
Ehea immediately or un-
conditionally, is still ap-
plied.

The
these
wards life, work and dwell-
ing. necessitates a

damental je in the
Government’s in and
housing policies.
In adapting licies, the
Government must ke
mind that the typical
World Morag problems exper-
Peninsula

cannot be “solved” — and

: gefinitely not in First

ae ihe
be done is to
dates, these pe
more conv.
mane way.

thing that can
accommo.

le in a
it and hu-

52

In the meantime a
middle class has develo,
in the black townships of
the Peninsula.

These people “have the

. Means and the inclination

: towards home ownership.

If 99-year Teaseheld
ap; gould be allowed in the

ly

in Langa, Nyan 2 and Gu-

gules i would have a

endous stabilising ef-
fect.

F inally, if we take the
semi-Third World charac-
ter of South Africa serious-
ly into consideration, weTM
cannot deny the fact, that
squatting settlements on
the the periphery of our main

urban areas are going to

i remain @ permanent and a

Sac feature of the

way yo “accom:
modate” eke uatters will
beto MegaliseTMt their way of

This can be done by “de-
Tegulating the economy,

y accept and promot-
eh iding” and site-
aravserviee schemes and
the planned squat-

is high time that we
accept the fact that South
Africa is a sem!-Third
World country, and that the
ulation composition of

Peninsula strong
and id eemanent Thiri
World features.

wolf we really, want to ac:

owled:
the cnticane in interests of
ie ferent sclosmnom,
ic groups and sub-grou
cern ete
the commuity as a
whole, and not to Certain

Epo ony eve sytem



Mellowing of Conservatives Noted
(Brian Pottinger; SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) .......

East-West Cape Labor Party Power Struggle Reported
(SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) ..

Labor's Allan Hendrickse Profiled
(THE STAR, 25, 23 Aug 84) cccscveseeees

Cabinet Post Likely, by Jaap Boekkooi
‘Heavy Burden', Editorial

New MP's Face Housing, Language Problems
(POST NATAL, 15-18 Aug 84) .ececcsccececcvccvcecees

Search for Housing
MP's Wives Profiled, by Rashida Dhooma
Crash Courses in Afrikaans

Statement of Revenue, Receipts Published
(GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 17 Aug 84) ..csscecccceccnceccecens

Government Departments Spend Above Budgets
(THE CAPE TIMES, 23 Aug 84) ..cccccccssccevccavccesceecs

Secret Details of Salem Oil Fraud Disclosed
(Editorial; THE STAR, 24 Aug 84) .....005

More South African Businesses Liquidated
(Geoffrey Allen; RAND DAILY MAIL, 25 Aug 84) ..csssevees

More Strikes Loom
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 15 Aug 84) ...

400 Workers Dismissed Following Strike
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 16 Aug 84) ...

Survey Lashes Homelands
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 17 Aug 84) ......

Inkatha May Boycott Indian Shops
(SOWETAN, 21 Aug 84) sesscsesccccccccevccccececcceseeens

Rent Anger in Sharpeville
(Joshua Raboroko; SOWETAN, 21 Aug 84) ...ccccccccececevs

Cuts in Aid for Homelands Anticipated
(Malcolm Fothergill; THE STAR, 23 Aug 84) ..cccesceceece

New Plans for Removals Reported
(Eugene Saldanha; THE STAR, 24 Aug 84) ...cccececucececs

-d-

77

79

80

82

85

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97



INDIAN COMMUNITY'S POLITICS ANALYZED

SOUTH AFRICA

Durban POST NATAL in English 22-25 Aug 84 p 10

{article by Dr Dawlat Ramdas Bagwandeen, vice-rector of the Springfield Col-

lege of Education:

[Text]

August 28 looms closer, Indian politics
as in the 1940s is assuming once more a
complexity of labyrinthine proportions.

Indian political thinking is again be-
devilled by confusion and turmoil. It would appear
that history is indeed repeating itself.

Today, as in the past, the Indian community is
distinctly polarised into two main camps: those in

the “accommodationist” mould advocating co-oper- °

ation with the South African Government and par-
ticipation in the tricameral system. This group sees
the Government-initiated proposals as an opportunity
for effective decision-making through negotiation
politics.

The other camp comprises those who’ historically
are described as “confrontationists”, and who are
in opposition to Government ideology and who are
vociferouly pleading for a total boycott of the elec-
tions. This latter group perceives the new constitu-
tion as a blueprint for the entrenchment of racism
and a mere ploy to perpetrate white supremacy.

Thus while the one group accepts the overtures
of the Government as an evolutionary step forward
the other condemns such action as being ineffably
retrogressive. The political dilemma presented is in
fact a manifestation of the dichotomy characterising
Indian politics since the time of Mahatma Gandhi in
South Africa.

As is well known, Natal, upon being granted Re-
sponsible Government, sowed the seeds of dishar-
mony by abrogating the franchise granted to pas-
senger Indians. The Indian community was volubly
aggrieved at the deprivation of a fundamental right.
Gandhi inaugurated the Natal Congress (NIC) as a
channel to gain redress for the Indian community.

Gandhi was a man of moderation and reconcilia-
tion. Rather than conflict and aggression, he strived

assiduously for the implementation of pristine demo- .

cratic values through non-violence. Consequently,
Gandhian politics provided the synthetic excitement
of a placebo when the Government was persuaded to
grant some minor concession to the Indian community

69

"It's Still the Politics of Protest and Compromise"]

subsequent to representations being made.

When Gandhi left the shores of South Africa in
1914 following the Smuts-Gandhi Agreement, Indian
political activity waned. Dr DF Malan, the Minister of
the Interior in the Hertzog Government, resuscitated _
Indian political consciousness incidentally when he

introduced the Asiatic
Immigration Regulation
Further Provision Bill,
culminating in the Cape
Town Agreement of 1927.
The South African Gov-
ernment conceived the
‘Agreement as a weapon
to repatriate Indians
while the Indian Govern-
ment construed the
Agreement as the point
of departure for the .so-
cial and educational ad-
vancement of its nation- ,
als in South Africa. Al-
though Indian political
organisations helped, de-
liberations were in the
main between represen-
tatives of the two
governments.

In 1932 the Indian com-
munity split on the ques-
tion of co-operation with |
the Young Commission of :
Enquiry when the repa-
triation and colonisation ‘
of Indians in South Africa:

\ was once more under
consideration.

Led by Advocate A
Christopher, a veteran
Indian politician and the
son of an ex-indentured
Indian labourer, local In-



FACILITIES FOR TOURISTS DELAYED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 27 Aug 84 p iM

{Article by Richard Paris]

[Text] The reintroduction of tourism
Tayed until June 1985, says a

to Mozambique could be de-
spokesman for the country’s

appointed representative in Johannesburg.

early six months after the Nkomati Accord, it appears that no real

‘progress has been made to provide facilities for tourists.

Mr David Haddon, the
managing director of
Thomas _Cook-Rennies,
the company acting as
the Mozambique tourist
, Office in South Africa,
| said at the weekend that
‘there were shortages of

puto

offer holidaymakers —
not even a cup of coffee
outside the Polana Hotel.

@ The country’s currency
is not linked to any other,
and is grossly overva-
lued. The black market
puts the rand’s unofficial
value about 1600 percent
above the official rate. -
@ Mozambique currency
is not accepted at the Po-
lana, the only hotel suit-
able for. visitors. At the
Official rate of exchange,
accommodation ~ costs
R100 a night.

CSO: 3400/2142

Potential

‘@ While SAA and the Mo-
zambique airline LAM
have agreed on a return
airfare of R100 between
‘Johannesburg and Mapu-
to, it costs R160 return to

fly from Maputo to Inha-'

ca — a 10-minute flight.

@Shortages are com-
monplace. A dish of
prawns at the Polana
costs R40.

@ By law visitors must
buy R40 worth of the
‘local currency at the air-
Port, but there is nothing
to-spend it on.
@ Accommodation on In
AhacaTM Island; «. the first
~place to-'bé “opened to
tourists, is ‘rustic and
. costs R76 4 night.
Speaking after a visit
to Mozambique, Mr Had-
don said: “Mozambique
does have potential, but I
believe businessmen and
others have been making
statements, which indi-
cate that tourism is about
jto take off theré. This is

definitely not the case.” }

24

MOZAMBIQUE



@ The Government is not
accustomed to explaining
itself or its policies to this
sector of the electorate.

For too long there has
been no need to heed the
criticisms or the protests,
‘as the legacy of 36 years in
office is complacency.

@ We have had a “thou
shalt” Government with in-
effectual opposition.

@ English speakers are
trey ben A a result
they have been consider-
ably closer to the vital in-
terracial and economic
coalface than their largely
rural Afrikaner counter-

It will thus take a huge

? psychological adjustment

on the Government's part to

open new and strong lines of

communication with these
voters.

Apathy

Apathy characterises too
many English-speaking
South Africans, which is one
of the by-products of know-
ing that the'NP was the en-
trenched Government.
English visibility within
the NPis virtual pon-exis-
ier aater Gia
ers hol
, oie The tion is
largely that the offers
no spiritual home to Eng-
lish-speaking voters or
office-seekers,

Language, culture and re-
ligion have been the badges

the good Nationalist —
axiomatically, therefore, a
good South African.

This is a perception
which has denied the NP
more support and commit-
ment from English speak-
ers than any other factor.

Wouldn’t it have been
wonderful if more non-
aligned English-speakiag
South Africans who were
recognised businessmen

CSO: 3400/2141

had been elected to the
President’s Council?

We are certain that some
will be nominated, but their
election would have been a

superb indication of new
thinking and accommoda-
in,

All this makes the sce-
nario somewhat depressing
—a government wanting to
change experiencing its
greatest resistance from
within its own fold, and un-
able to communicate effec-
tively with a very larj
number of previously pel i-
cally indifferent people who
now hold the key to the ef-
fective implementation of
change.

While we squabble inter-
nally about the hugely posi-
tive steps of the past few
years ‘the referendum,

omati, possible SWA so-
lutions), we debilitate these
achievements and allow our
enemies abroad to capita-
lise on our disunity, to ques-
tion our intentions and in-
tegrity, to doubt the honesty
of our acceptance of

Be.
exiles without pose a great

ies without pose a great-
er threat than our critics
within, then the NP should
- accept that it must become
internationally perceived |
as a truly national party. ,

It must motivate Eng-|
lish-speaking support
thro highly visible ac-
ceptance that it needs and
genuinely wants that se
port — that it offers a politi-
cal home for these voters.

coat of arms: Ex Unitate
Vires.

It must build on the Carl-
ton and Good Hope confer-
ences. Widen their scope,
more regulary ands above
more above
all, listen. 9

The NP has a poor track
record when it comes to lis-

67

tening to the private sector.
Business must become a
welcome ally, and heeded
asa concerned and valuable
part of the country’s man-
agement.

Gaps

In South Africa, because
the business sector is pre-
dominantly English-speak-
ing, it is listened to econom-
ically, but not as an
emotional ally.

‘The Government must be
seen to want to bridge the
emotional and political
gaps. Business thinking is, I

, far closer to govern-
ment thinking on political
issues than is the thinking of
the more conservative cur-
rent supporters of the NP.

If the Government suc-
ceeds in doing what is
recommended here, we will
score highly internation-
ally, defuse criticism and
disarm the protagonists of
disinvestment.

More important, we may
just achieve an elected gov-
ernment that is supported
by a broad spectrum of vot-
ers rather than one that has
to rely on specific sectoral
support from deeply divid-

and fundamentally con-
servative language and cul-
ture groups, e sections
of which essentially resist
change.

And finally, in accepting
that it needs the private
sector, that there can and
will be an effective and pro-
fessional total management.

the country, we may just
be able to stave off the di-
Sastrous effects of the eco-
nomic threat which is build-
ing up against us.

(Extracted from a
beech given this week to
‘isec — the Internation-

al Association of Econo-
mics Students — in Gra-
hamstown.)



SOUTH AFRICA

PROFESSOR EXAMINES FUTURE POLITICAL SITUATION

*Pattern of Violent Equilibrium’

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 14 Aug 84 p 12

[Article by David Braun: "SA Whites Will Still Have the Whip Hand in the

Year 2!

[Text]

000, Says Top Academic")

While the South African State may well be able to survive all known forces that can be mobilised
against it in the next two decades, it can probably no longer fully control the pace and
nature of change, or prevent episodic unrest. .

This is the view of Professor Hermann Giliomee, of the department of Political studies at the
University of Cape Town.

Writing in Energos, a Mobil
“South Africa’s political future

violent equilibrium.”
He says there is no his-

torical inevitability about

majorities coming to

power.

The key factor deter-
mining internal peace in a
divided society such as
South Africa is less the in-
tensity of discrimination

than the effectiveness of.

control.
“A comparative look at

Israel and South Africa,’

which have enjoyed a re-

markable degree of sta-;

bility, and strife-torn
Northern Ireland and Leb-
anon, makes it possible to
see in sharper relief the
Prospects for internal
Peace in South Africa.
“The key to the current
stability of both South
Africa and Israel is the
huge advuutages these
States enjoy from the
Point of view of control.”

Sponsored
le:

arly se

COERCIVE

He uses the word “con-
trol” to mean the ability
to exercise untrammelled
centralised political
Power, based on the loyal
Support of both the domi-
nant race group and the
coercive apparatus of the

State (army and police).

Control also depends on
the dominant group hav-
ing the resources'to im-
pose its will on the major-

ity, and on whether the

subordinate group has an
independent political and
economic base to mount
effective resistance,

“The whites in South
Africa, like the Israelis,
have, and for the foresee-
able future will continue
to have, undisputed au-
thority, which they can
use to safeguard their
power and keep the inter-
nal peace.

“There is no ‘third
party’ (like the British

60

publication on South Africa in the year 2000, he says:
ems to fall into what has been described as a pattern of

force in Northern Irelandy
which can interfere with

; the monitoring and sup-

pressing of dissidents.”
To ensure a proper

* business climate, the Gov-

ernment has an interest in
avoiding measures which

* could destabilise society.

“In fact, the South Afri-
can Government is be-
coming steadily more so-
Phisticated in its threat
assessment and conflict
regulation compared with
the 70s — when bungling
Politicians and bureau-
crats, imbued with an al-

; Most fatal degree of over-

confidence and racist
complacency, constituted
a dangerous liability.”

He adds that South Afri-
can whites do not show
the faltering will to gov-
ern, or growing self-doubt
and guilt which paralysed
the ruling elites of
pre-revolutionary France
and Russia.



7. Approval of motions and recommendations

8. Election of the president of the Central Committee

9. Election of the Central Committee.

On the basis of this agenda, the participants in the congress undertook to
verify the attendance of elected officials. Out of the 803 congressional
delegates to the Third Regular Congress, the following were counted:

~--801 congress delegates present

--One congress delegate excused

--One congress delegate absent.

The delegates to the congress installed the presidium of the congress, which
was composed as follows:

Presidium:

--president of the presidium--Denis Sassou-Nguesso

--honorary presidents--President David Kenneth Kaunda, Alvaro Cunhal, Pak
Song-ch'ol, the heads of the foreign delegations to the Third Regular Con-
gress.

Members:

--the members of the outgoing political bureau of the Central Committee
--Obami-Itou Andre, Poungui Ange Edouard, Mounthault Hilaire.

Secretariat:

--head of the secretariat--Camille Bongou

Members:

Jean-Jacques Nicolas Mvouenze, Norbert Ngoua, Ambroise Gambouele, Alphonse
Obelitala, Jean-Francois Tchibinda, Gabriel Moukanza, Clement Mierassa,

Jeanne Dambendzet and Jean-Francois Obembe.

The delegates to the congress unanimously and by acclamation approved the
internal regulations of the congress.

They then studied the political, economic and sociocultural documents of the
Central Committee, as well as the report of the accounting commission.

1. Political Document ‘

The delegates to the congress carefully examined every detail of the politi-
cal report of the Central Committee.

They assessed the just nature of the analyses of the international situation
by the Central Committee, and indicated their great concern about the ever

17



BORNO ASPHALT PLANT TO START PRODUCTION SOON

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 6 Aug 84 p 16

[Article by Waziri Garba]

[Text]

cso:

3400/2136

Borno State owned Marini
Asphalt plant which had been idle
since its inception three years
ago, will go into production soon,
the state Commissioner for
Works and Housing, Malam
Isiaku Aliyu Jafiya. has said.

The asphalt plant was set up by
tne defunct civilian administra-
tion in the state to produce
various forms of concretes
necessary for the local construc-
tion of roads but had not been put
to use since the machines were
installed in 1981.

Work at the plant, which cost
the state government more than
‘one million Naira, was hindered
by lack of fund to purchase other
auxiliary items necessary in star-
ting the project, the New
Nigerian learnt.

‘The “auxiliary items” include
a standby generator, trucks for
conveying crushed stones to the
plant, bitumen (coaltar) and
other “ingredients”, estimated at
about 900,000 Naira.

However, when the money was
not forthcoming. machines at the
plant remained idle since then.

Sources.at the state Ministry of
Works told the New Nigerian that
the Marini Asphalt plant, capable
of producing 95 to 135 tonnes of
asphaltic concerete and bitumen
“‘may be out of order soon if it is
not put to use immediately
because the machines are
depreciating gradually’.

The commissioner, said the
government was not going to
leave the plant to waste away
because, according to him, “it is
a priority project’”’.

34

NIGERIA



LEBOWA GOVERNMENT GRANTS CITIZENSHIP CERTIFICATES

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 27 Aug 84 p 4

[Text]

CSO:

3400/2141

THE Lebowa Government

+ has granted 1700 citizen-
ship certificates to people
belonging to “national
states” who wished to re-
gain the South African citi-
zenship they lost along
with millions ‘of others
when four homelands opt-
ed for independence.

To date, Transkei, Bophutha-

. fswana, vend ‘ciskel

ve opted for indepen-
dence — thus deprivi
their subjects of Sou
African citizenship.

‘At least 3.000 other applica-
tions for citizer are
known to have been re-
ceived by the Lebowa Gov-
ernment and are in various

, Stages of being processed.

‘Da recent interview with
the Rand Daily Mail, the
Chief Minister of Lebowa,
Dr Cedric Phatudi, said
Lebowa would not turn
away people wishing to be-

jgome citizens.

“Whether you are a Mo-
tswana, a Xhosa, Zulu or of

‘ any other racial or tribal
group, Lebowa will accept
you. If you go to places like
Lebokgomo (the capital of
Lebowa) you will find all

* sorts of tribal groups.

“One's tradition does not

need to be that of Lebowa.

» All the people need to do is

to apply and we will con-

{sider their applications.

“South Africa has accéptéd
millions of foreigners
wishing to become South
Africans. Why , Should I
turn away le’

Dr Phatudi, "Nowever, ad-
tight be tightened by off

a -
cials in Pretoria who did
not wish to see such non-
Lebowans becoming citi-

“zens of his homeland.

Dr Phatudi reiterated that
Lebowa would not opt for

* independence.

“We are all South Africans
irrespective of colour,
creed or religion. Those
who opted for so-called in-
dependence have deprived
their people of South Afri-
can citizenship. Lebowa
will not take that path as
long as I am leader.”

Dr Phatudi is 72, and has won

+ the last three elections in
Lebowa.

it is understood that in
accordance with the
National States Citizenship
Act of 1970, a total of 3 000
le from “independent”
jomelands have regained
their South African citizen-

ship. . .
oe torn
Applies Wi lu”
. citizenship,

54

SOUTH AFRICA



the main goal of which is the accumulation of resources, since the dues of
the party members cannot be the sole source of financing for party activi-
ties.

They recommended that the economic units of the party which have been created
or which will be created be made as profitable as possible so as to contrib-
ute to the operational budget of the party.

The delegates to the congress noted that between 1980 and 1984, the party
budget developed substantially and this, linked with proper administration
and control established on all levels, enabled the Congolese Labor Party to
regain its credibility with both domestic and foreign, private and state
suppliers. They discharged the Central Committee elected by the Third
Regular Congress of its responsibilities, with praise for its excellent
management.

After hearing and analyzing the explanations on the points of disagreement
raised by the regional congresses, the participants in the congress dismissed
them.

In conclusion, the whole of the report of the Central Committee elected by
the Third Regular Congress of the Congolese Labor Party in March 1979 was
approved, with amendments, by unanimous vote and acclamation.

5. Messages to the Congress

All throughout the sessions, the participants in the congress listened with
great interest to the messages delivered by the 76 delegations representing
friendly and brotherly parties who came to share 4 days of democratic and
constructive discussion with the Congolese Labor Party.

All of these messages voiced the solidarity of the various parties with the
national liberation battle being waged by the Congolese people and their
vanguard, the Congolese Labor Party. Within this context, President David
Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, honorary president of the presidium of the con-
gress, conveyed to the Congolese people and the party the message of friend-
ship and brotherhood from the Zambian people. President Kaunda urged the
Congolese people's masses to strengthen their unity, rallied around the
Congolese Labor Party and its leader, Denis Sassou-Nguesso.

With a view to still greater triumphs, President Kaunda urged the delegates
to the congress to renew their confidence overwhelmingly in Denis Sassou-
Nguesso, the combatant for freedom, unity and progress and worthy son of
Africa, who is loved and adored in Zambia.

The national delegations, for their part, remained faithful to the will of
the masses, greeting the congress while demanding the reelection of Denis
Sassou-Nguesso as head of the party and the state. They made a solemn com-
mitment to reflect the motions, resolutions and recommendations approved by
this congress in concrete actions.

20



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: ro ee a TS] BBE] BE OB
Ete Oecd | Sete oak} | = fits d ett
SMA Gcbedsinhometonds=Verkooperg | $.W.A'Terorial Revenve Fund—Suies Dy = = = ~ 200 wy
cf
(Ce Rum] yees| mm | mao
«FD rer [wens] ssa] pei seu
: ae Teas Ase
Bepocng Mode ly "Teal 1 Apalio 31 bly
a wo i 190
= | rsooog | = | ase | -
= = $265.7 =
= vem | = BSe | =
- - ram | -
= aah’ = 492 700 -
-. = az
= te | Tost bo
BB) = | jes
= Be fat
= fet pk
= ume, | = ome | -
= mae | wae | =
- - gon 90
= = = | 898
= - - wags |
= = = 1B |S
= = = see | =
= = = Boe | =
= Sse
= | mmen | | mmea | —
= Lamm [= [mes [=
Serer 3
foe haem.
ie eine

Seco Isl Ate ef 1962.
ECA at As 3

CSO: 3400/2141

87



in any action favoring the advancement of business and its integration
within the nation.

One must consider the creation of the CNES from this point of view and
that is why its development is of particular importance. For the first
time an authentically Senegalese management structure, headed by
experienced businessmen familiar with modern industrial production and
commercial development techniques, takes it place before the nation.

For the first time a Senegalese management organization intends, not to
defend its class interests or its individual interests, but to encourage
business as an instrument of development and as such to
participate fully in the projected society now being elaborated by those
close to the chief of State. However, one must: be. realistic. Everyone
in Senegal, for personal or ideological reasons, does not view the
appearance of CNES favorably. Moreover, its current mmembers, whatever
their ability may be as yet only represent a relatively small portion of
the economy even if an increasing number of foreign company managers are
joining them.

Thus, it is to be hoped that in the more or less near future, the
proliferation of management structures will end, for the benefit of a
homogeneous entity which will have sufficient economic weight to make the
voice of the private sector heard by the authorities and by the

nation, and to engage and maintain, in its name, a fruitful dialogue with
the authorities and the social partners.

In this way, and in this way alone can private enterprise fully carry out
its mission of development, currently being hampered by the suspicion of
a large part of the administration, and by the many obstacles arising from
this.

9772
CSO: 3419/858

4l



NEW MP'S FACE HOUSING, LANGUAGE PROBLEMS

Search for Housing

Durban POST NATAL in English 15-18 Aug 84 p 10

{Text]

WITH less than a month
to go before the new
three-chamber Parlia-
ment comes into being,
Government officials
are working feverishly

+ to find homes and pre-
pare offices for thé new
politicians and their ac-
companying bureaucra-
cies.

A virtual “army” of
people — white, col-
oured and Indian —
must be accommodated
temporarily before the
new enlarged Parlia-
ment starts functioning
next month.

A Department of
Community Develop-

. Ment spokesman said
this week the work to
prepare temporary of-
fice accommodation
and other parliamenta-
Ty facilities for the new
Houses was proceeding
“full-steam and accord-
ing to plan”.

There was still uncer-
‘tainty, however, about
home accommodation
for Ministers, Deputy
Ministers and members
of the House of Repre-
sentatives and House of
* Delegates.

A detailed announce-

ment about this would
be made by the Govern-
-ment, the spokesman
said.

At this stage there
are indications that
some of the coloured
and Indian MPs may
live temporarily in Ry-
gersdal, a posh racially-
mixed block of diplo-

j matic flats in. Ronde-
‘ bosch.

The new coloured
House of Representa-
tives will sit in the old

; Senate.chamber in the
.present Parliament
: building. Offices for col-
oured MPs are being
* prepared in that wing of
Parliament.

This will be a tem-
porary arrangement
while extensions are
built.

The Indian House of
Delegates will be tem-
porarily housed in
Marks Building, where
a debating chamber is
being prepared. This ar-
rangement is expected
to continue until the
new premises in exten-
sions to the Parliament

building have been

; completed.

The three Houses of |

the riew Parliament
will comprise 174 white
parliamentarians, 85

. coloured MPs and 45 In-

‘dian MPs, _

82

The coloured ai
dian chambers will
eventually be housed in
huge extensions to the
present parliamentary
building. :

The proposed extéen-
sions were announced
earlier this year by the
Minister of Community
Development, Pen
Kotze. 0

The new building will
consist of five storeys
south of the present
Parliament building in
the direction of Tuyn-
huys. y

The new President's
Council is to be housed
in the Goede Hoop The-
atre and a part of Tyyp-
huys. ait
The Community De-
velopment spokesman
said-it would be "impos
sible” for the Goverh-
ment to provide hoine
accommodation fori]
the members of the hew
Parliament. Many’ of
the future membet's
would have to find their
own accommodation: |:

SOUTH AFRICA

Another problem is
that of accommodating
60 white, coloured and
Indian members ofthe
new President’s Coun-
cil. oan
State houses original-
ly built in Bellville
South to accommodate
executive members .of
the Coloured Represen-
tative Council (CRC)
are being refurbished
and will probably be
used to accommodate
officials of Parliament:

The spokesman said
it was not the intention
to use these houses fdr
members of the Minif-
ters’ Councils. '

Meanwhile, attempts
are also being made
recruit suitable addj-
tional staff for the ne'
Parliament and relat
services.

The secretary of Paf-
liament has invited ap-

: plications for various
: jobs, including commit-

tee clerks, Hansard re-

¥ porters, translators, ad-

ministrative officers,
secretaries, typists and
administrative assis-,

tants. i
Report by FS Esterhuyse,
FP Se eben Sse
Cape Town.)



BROEDERBOND INTERFERENCE IN UNIVERSITY ELECTION HIT

Port Elizabeth EVENING POST in English 13 Aug 84 p 6

(Editorial: "Broederbond Has No Place at UPE"]

[Text]

THE intervention of the Afrikaner
Broederbond in the election of the
next rector of the University of
Port Elizabeth is a disturbing, if
predictable, development.

It is predictable because the
Broederbond has always seen as
its function the claiming of posi-
tions of influence, especially in
educational institutions, for its
members. Although its influence is
on the wane since the split in Afri-
kanerdom, it has nevertheless suc-
ceeded to a large extent in ensur-
ing that Broeders continue to
occupy key positions — all the rec-
tors of the country’s Afrikaans
universities, for example, are
members of the Broederbond. It is
entirely consistent with
Broederbond policies that the rec-
tor of UPE should, if possible, be a
Broeder, too.

What makes this affair so dis-
turbing is that UPE in the first

place is a dual-medium university .

which even less than the Afrikaans
universities should be tainted by

cs0: 3400/2141

behind-the-scenes Broederbond
activity in the election of its rec-
tor. Secondly, as the article in
Weekend Post indicated, merit ap-
parently has become a secondary
consideration to Broederbond
membership in the selection of
candidates for the rectorship.

The pre-advisory committee,
which puts forward the names of
two or three candidates to the Sen-
ate and which is Broederbond-
dominated, has recommended the
sixth and seventh placed candi-
dates on academic and other con-
siderations as its top two choices.
These two candidates are report-
edly the only Broederbond mem-
bers among the seven candidates!

This is an intolerable situation
of which the Senate must take note
when it comes to appointing a rec-
tor this Friday. Any suggestion
that the appointment had been
made more through Broederbond
influence or affiliation than on
‘merit would do the university
incalculable harm.

59

SOUTH AFRICA



MP's Wives Profiled

Durban POST NATAL in English 15-18 Aug 84 p 11

[Article by Rashida Dhooma: "Will the Wives Accompany Their Husbands to Cape
Town?"']

[Text] BHINDAMANTHEE Mohaniall is the wife of Ashwin Mohaniall, an NPP
candidate in the Springfield constituency.

The couple have four children, aged 18, 16, 10 and 3:

"I will stay behind and look after the children. My husband will try and
come down whenever he can during the six months.

ir home-
"The children need at least one parent around. I help them with the:

work, so will have to be with them, particularly during their end of year
examinations. My eldest son is in matric."

VIJAYMA Reddy,
wife of Jayaram
“JN” Reddy, who is
standing as a Soli-
darity candidate in
the Glenview con-
stituency:

“T will join my husband
in Cape Town. He is see-

ing to our accommoda-
tion arrangements.

“T have four grown-up
children, aged 26, 25, 23
and 18,

“My 18-year-old son,
‘Who is'still in school, will
live -with my: married
children while my hus:
band aps are away.”

THARAVATHI Ju-
muna and husband

‘Narantak (also

known as Shan Mo-
hangi) are both
standing for elec-
tion. Mrs Jumuna jis
standing as an In-
depéndent in the
Phoenix constituen-
cy, and Mr Jumuna
as an NPP candi-
date in the North
Coast Constituency:

“If we're successful my
husband and I will set up
home in Cape Town.”

The couple have three
children, Virashni, 10,
Ishana, 9, and Nishan, 7.

“They will stay with
my' sister Renuka and
her husband Jay. Shan
and I do not think it will
be.fair to move them
about.

“They are settled in
their. school and have lots
of friends. We do not
want to ‘unsettle their
lives.” .

“We will try and re- -

turn to Durban as much
as possible to‘ visit our
children.”

She said she and her
husband have given up
their business interests
and are devoting their
time ‘to their respective
election campaigns.

CHANDERWATHIE.
(Shirley) Dookie,
wife of Baldeo Doo~
kie, who is standing
as an NPP candi-
date in the Red Hill
constituency:

“My husband and ‘I
have not- yet. deciddd

83

whether I will accom-
pqny-him to Cape Town

oy stay behind and look
aher pur children, or all
e to Cape Town.”

The couple have three
children, aged 24, 21 and
1.

GONUM Devan, wife
of Palanisamy “PI”
Devan, Solidarity

candidate. in the
- Cavendish area:

“My, husband and I
discussed

“have not fully
“ the matter but I think I

will be going to Cape
Town with him. My chil-
dren .are married, so
there is no problem.”

SILKUMARIE Pan-
day, wife of Ram-
charitar’ Panday,
who is standing as
an NPP candidate in
the Glenview con-

stituency:
: “I will remain behind
to look after my two chil-

-@ren, aged 19°and.15, I

will not allow their lives
to. be disrupted while
they are studying, .
My ‘husband and-I
have. discussed the mat-
ter and I realise my fam-
ily will have to make
sacrifices in order for
him to serve the people. I
will go Cape Town for
visits and he will also ar-
‘Tange to return’ to Dur-
whenever he can.”.



CONSTITUTION SEEN AS STUMBLING BLOCK TO NEW LEGISLATION

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Aug 84 p 6

[Article by Brendan Seery:

[Text]

The Zimbabwean Government has
made no secret of the fact that the
country’s British-drafted Lancaster

House constitution is a thorn in its

side.

It was accepted, argues Mr Ro-
take renee
@ necessary part i
the bloody Rhodesian bush war to an
end in 1979. That it will be replaced at
the earliest possible opportunity there
is no doubt.

‘The constitution, say its detractors,
restricts the

plans fo inglesent te ene :
socialist Utopia in Zimbabwe and pre- -

vents them from dealing effectively
with the serious security problems
which have arisen since

Last week, in the
in Harare, the constitution’s Bill of
Rights guarantees on freedom from

tutional bench” of five judges, includ-
‘ing Chief Justice Enoch Dumbut-

; _ And, for the third time since inde-
+ pendence, the Government saw a

iece of its security legislation re-
through the safeguard mech-
~ anisms in the constitution.

+ In 1982, repeated legal tussles on
*behalf of detained Zapu chiefs Du-
miso Dabengwa and Masu-
ku led to a Supreme Court ruling
that they were being held illegally.

3
28
g
a
a

Cs

“ not be considered ah “enemy”. TI
Supreme Court upheld the judge’s
“view and the offending legislat

tion au-
tomatically became void.

‘The latest case also has potential- _

ly far-reaching implications.
«~The action was brought by Harare
H lawyer Mr Dennis Granger, who
"abuse and impliment of dignity afte
al
, he was arrested and detained for
© tral inelieey Onpaniaation Oat
, tr ligence ion ,
. Who believed he was a spy.
“Under the em cy indemnity
Tegulations, the au’ ities issued a
> Certificate saying the CIO men had
acted in good faith in connection with
the security of the country and there-
: fore could not be prosecuted or sued
: ina court of law,

118

ZIMBABWE

"Lancaster House Deals Mugabe Another Blow'']



DELTA STEEL COMPANY GETS IMPORT LICENSES

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Jul 84 p 16
[Article by Clement Eluaka]

[Text]

i while supplies worth eignt.
by the company.
oe pe emt
of raw ates, its production
that it was too early to quantify in.

if
at

CSO: 3400/2139

wis, he explained, ned, resulted in
use
giant ‘roonges used ‘used for the burn-

. ing of scraps for the production of

1 dase asus, Mr So

come "3 power plant was

in of Naira for
runs its own hospital with ebot

25 doctors and 120 nurses.
- “Funds must be conserved by

all means” he added.

Meanwhile, themanagemento
Pot ae fe ane cin be
vestigated fire incident that

destroyed some equipment worth
about 3 million Naira in the com-
PSpeaking to to newsmen who paid’
in Ware, Mr Soo sald manage
al said
ment rejected the report becat
it was inconclusive ‘and very
vague. .

28

NIGERIA

According
was vague that it anther en

tified the cause of the fire nor was
it able ‘to ‘generate. a remote
motive for it.

He said because the manage-

ment was dissatisfied with st

it had handed the is issue to
agencies the intelligence

. Police and the telligence.

Mr. Jooji said that as soon as:
estigal ‘were completed,
government would make ap-
Propriate recommendation as
rds its findings.
enting on the repairs

‘made to the conveyor belt which

was destroyed by the fire, the ac-
ting general manager said that:
the incidence nearly crippled the
com 's production ouput

ir ie crise of seiko

company,
a question, Mr. Joo-
ji told the newsmen that im-
mediately after the fire, the com-
iny contacted some expatriate
iechnicians to to ao the repairs but
of dial ar
ey seit 150 of its own
technicians and -engineers to
repair the belt.
mung company, he said, saved 3
ion Naira by the
belt locally. repairing



ANGOLA

BANDAG TIRE RETREAD PROCESS DESCRIBED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 31 Jul 84 p3

{Text] BANDAG, a multinational which produces all the rubber
processing equipment for the system of the same name (cold

process tire retreads), has been operating in Angola since 15
July 1982, The company was contracted especially by the ETP
(Public Transport Company), in view of the savings which this
new process represents with regard to the recovery of tires.

Located about 500 meters from PETRANGOL {Angolan Petroleum
Company], this plant has the capacity to process 76 tires
per day; it employs eight Angolan technicians trained by the
company itself and three foreigners. It is the only plant
in the country to use the cold process; before now we have
relied on the heat method of recapping tires, which is very
expensive, not only in terms of the cost of the process but
of the durability of the tires produced.

We visited the BANDAG facilities in the company of Antonio Simao Manuel and

two other officials of the firm. Lopes da Silva, the Portuguese engineer, explained
the advantages of recapping tires by the cold process. After the tire is

inspected, the remaining tread is scraped away and the prevulcanized tread is
afixed with rubber adhesive. After an air bag is inserted, the tire is placed

in a kettle and heated to a temperature of 90 degrees [celsius].

Safe to say, this process is preferable to the hot process, which does not employ
any prevulcanization,so the tires must be exposed to temperatures as high as
250 degrees [celsius], which reduces their durability,

Shortage of Old Tires Will Cut Production Rate

About 30 percent of the old tires are rejected, mainly tires which cannot be
recovered by the system because they have been ridden on the rims for a long
time or because they were damaged by misalignment. The company currently pro-
cesses an average of 44 tires per day, or 1,200 per month. Last month, BANDAG
made a great effort to recover 1,000 tire carcasses. As a result it will have
to cut back its production rate next month to 22 tires per day, because it does
not have enough old tires for its installed capacity. The carcasses (tires
which appear to be spoiled or damaged beyond repair to those who are unfamiliar
with the process) are scattered around the streets, yards and warehouses,



pe Peninsula candidates
fige become fully fledged
members of Meer 1
two or three-corneres
with less than 10% athe rej
istered persons voting,” f
* Slabbert said.
@ In Nairobi, South African
ican Archbishop Des-
“mond -Tutusaid the oll was
to entrench rac-
ism and called on blacks in
* South Africa to voice their
Spposition to a constitution
at ignored their needs.
loureds and Indians are
being co-opted to entrench
cis and and help perpetuate
ite.-minority- rule--as—the ~
fate partners of apart-
id,” nes said.

@ In Dar Es Salaam, the Lib-
eration Committee of the Or-
ganisation of African Unity
said the small turnout
amounted to “a rejection”.

@In Pretoria, the Deputy
Minister of Foreign fairs,
Mr Louis Nel, said the low

poll could be attributed to in-

tion “and -boycotts -in
some areas.

eg DesPi ite this, the elections

“ju wsudged by international

rds", were not a fail-

wre They could be described

aS @ SUCCESS.
He denied that the Govern-

ment had assisted the Labour

-Party-to-win.

@In Washington, the US

State Department said it was

“concerned” by the detention
of UDF leaders, and-said it
was in touch with South
Africa “to seek information”.

@in The Hague, the Dutch
Government criticised the
“wave of arrests” before and
during the election, and indi-
cated an official protest to

“South “Africa might follow.

In the United Nations last
week Holland said the elec-
tions would be “null and
void” as they did not include
South Africa’s black major-

ity.
‘The synods of the two main
Reformed churches int the

‘Netherlands.
telegram to Tesh potas

protesting against the te

Police yesterday confirmed that 152 people had been held countrywide. Charges
include loitering, malicious damage to property, assault, using abusive langu-
age and other offences.

In the Witwatersrand area alone, 43 people were detained yesterday. In the
Eastern Province, 24 people were detained by police, while there were 28
arrests in the Northern Transvaal, 18 in the Orange Free State, three in Soweto,
18 in the Western Province, six on the East Rand and two in Natal.

--Mr Kabela Lengane, leader of the Azanian Students Movement, said the de-
tentions were a "knee-jerk reaction" and he warned that the student boycott
might spread "unless the Government starts acting responsibly".

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
18,4% of estimated prasent—
population ovet 48

1 600—FOTENTIAL VOTERS
1 5094 THOUSANDS

. 19,4% of population over|
1S Bibors' 8 (1980 census)

1100FegisreRED VOTERS
IN THOUSANDS ____ Total

1000 30,1%
300— CAPE~ PERCENTAGE
800-28}

%-POLL a
700:
600:
500-
400:

L
44% NATAL ors
fond 25% 55%

43



among the peasants, so that they may become increasingly productive. The
directive was issued several years ago, and the results have been encouraging,
particularly in Uige and Malanje provinces.

Hence, considering the enthusiasm of the peasants of Kuando-Kubango, it is impor~
tant to provide them with the necessary means to create more agricultural
production associations and cooperatives.

6362
CSO: 3442/460



NIGERIA

BRIEFS

TIN MINING INCREASE--LAGOS--A government plan to make the nation's tin mining
companies more viable has been set in motion. The plan, which involves the
rationalisation of the tin mining companies operating in the country, has been
in the government's drawing board for some years now. But Minister of Mines,
Power and Steel, Alhaji Rilwany Lukman who disclosed this said, that a mach-
inery for the implementation of the plan had been set up, explained that the
objective was to “bring the five companies now working separatety to form

one strong company, and by so doing, save operational and overhead cost.
"This, he said, would make the tin industry more viable". A review of the
structure of the tin mining industries has become necessary, because of the
declining fortunes from sales of the metal. This has been brought about by
low and unstable market prices for the metal whose sale is now governed by
quota allocation which producing nations have imposed on themselves. Alhaji
Lukman explained that the tin companies, when fully rationalised, would keep
the same level of output but at lower cost. The present structure of the tin
mining companies, he said, was suitable 15 or more years ago when their total
output was about four times what it is currently. ‘Now that we are producing
less, there is the need to adjust". Though the rationalisation plan is expected
to take a long time to be accomplished, Alhaji Lukman explained that some sav-
ings had already been made by harmonising the operations of the different com-
panies and by organising joint workshops. [Text] [Kaduna THE DEMOCRAT WEEKLY
in English 19 Aug 84 p 10]

RIVER BASIN AUTHORITIES--Military Governor of Kaduna State, Air Commodore
Usman Mu'azu has commended the decision to establish River Basin authorities

in all the states. Exchanging views with the General Manager of the newly
established Kaduna State River Basin Development Authority, Alhaji Imrana
Yaridu at the Government House on Tuesday, the governor, said government would
do everything possible to encourage the development of agriculture in the state.
He expressed the hope that the authority would pay a major role in accelerating
agricultural activities of the people and would contribute immensely towards
improving the lots of rural farmers. Earlier, the general manager had ex-
pressed concern over the non-activities at the Kangimi Dam since it was estab-
lished in 1970 and appealed to the government to allow the authority the

use of facilities at the dam like the fishing industry. Alhaji Imrana said
the authority was finding it difficult to settle about 96,000 Naira rent for
the zonal office in Kaduna. [Text] [By Aliyu Modibbo] [Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN
in English 16 Aug 84 p 9]

37



INDIA PLEDGES AGRICULTURAL AID

Lusaka ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL in English 24 Aug 84 p 5

[Text]

cso:

3400/2142

INDIA will continue to assist
Zambia in her efforts to
revamp the agricultural

“sector as a way of resuscita-

ting the ailing economy,
Indian High Commissioner,
Mr Krishan Mohan Lal pled-
ged yesterday.

Speaking when he paid a

-courtesy call on Livingstone

district governor, Mr Mathew
Mkandawire, Mr Lal said
after “attending ‘the Third)
National Convention he sent
a letter to his government
asking them to invest in Zam-
bia’s agricultural sector.

He said the Indian govern-
ment would provide farming
equipment and machinery
and help train agricultural
officers.

The High Commissioner

‘was confident that Zambia
was going to succeed in her
endeavours because of the sta-
‘ble political system in ‘the
coufitry.
‘ “Zambia will .continue ‘to
develop ecofiomically and
socially because of the stable
government and wise leader-
ship of President Kaunda,”
he said.

He said a country which
arene changed leader-

ship was unstable in all ways
and would not establish a
better and firm base for deve-
lopment.

“My government believes
in south to south co-operation
which .calls on developing
countries to assist each other
in the face of mounting pre-
ssuré from the developed
north,” the High Commissi-
oner said,

In reply, Mr Mkandawire
‘said Zambia had a lot to learn
from India because it was the
first country to break from the
yoke of colonialism.

“As pioneers of demo-
cracy, Zambia has high res--
pect for India and its Prime
Minister, Mrs Indira Gandhi;
who is a personal friénd of

President Kaunda,” he said. /

Meanwhile, a member of
the Central Committee, yes-
terday commended the Ger-
man Democratic Republic
(GDR) “for its great achieve-
ments in agricultural develo-
Prrent, ZANA reports.

peaking on arrival at
ts International — Air- .
port,- Chairman . of Rural
Development Committee, Mr ©
Reuben Kamanga said the
GDR had done a lot in the
development of agriculture.

Mr Kamanga who was
accompanied by Lusaka mem-
ber of the Central Committee,
Mr Fines Bulawayo and their
families said they were highly
impressed’ with the “general

:development in that country.

117

ZAMBIA



factor in all labor, whether political, economic or sociocultural. The prob-
lem of the training and education of the Congolese citizen must be of greater
concern to the party, the mass organizations and the state.

On the foreign relations level, the report of the Central Committee studied
the situation in the world and the contradictions in which imperialism con-
fronts the peoples committed to peace and justice. The report allowed the
identification of the major conflicts existing in the world. They are often
created by the imperialists, who fan and exploit them. It is important to
combat imperialism resolutely.

The Congolese Labor Party warmly welcomed all the foreign delegations attend-
ing the Third Regular Congress, who have come to bear witness to their active
solidarity with the Congolese revolutionary people.

The People's Republic of the Congo supports all the just causes being defend-
ed throughout the world by the progressive forces. It-remains faithful to
the principles which guide its cooperative relations with the other nations,
to wit "a policy of openness, good neighborly relations, solidarity with the
liberation movements, independence and international cooperation based on
respect for the sovereignty of others and mutual interests, free of haggling
or the alienation of our choices and principles." It is by applying these
principles that the People's Republic of the Congo has won fame and a hearing
on the international scene.

The participants in the congress then approved, without amendment and by a
unanimous vote and acclamation, the following agenda:

1. Approval of the agenda

2. Verification of elected officials
3. Installation of:

--the presidium of the congress

the secretariat of the congress
--the police force for the congress

--the technical commissions
--the accounting commission.

4. Approval of internal regulations

5. Approval of the report of the president of the Central Committee of the
Congolese Labor Party to the Third Regular Congress of the PCT

6. Study of the report of the Central Committee to the Third Regular Con-
gress of the Congolese Labor Party, including:

--political portion

~-economic portion

--sociocultural portion

--approval of the report of the accounting commission.

16



violence, which is what we experienced with the conspiracy of 28 May, a con-
spiracy in which foreign complicity was proven.

[Question] Does such proof exist?

[Answer] Of course. For example, I can tell you that the military leader of
that conspiracy, Col Didier Tiendrebeogo, former mayor of Ouagadougou, often
visited the U.S. Embassy. During questioning, he explained that he was looking
for work, which cannot be taken seriously. Everyone knows that his lifestyle
wasn't that of someone destitute. What he wanted to obtain was a mobile radio
station that could have been used in the conspiracy. The Americans have denied
this, but Tiendrebeogo admitted his intentions. I can also tell you that he had
received assurance that France and Israel would help to bring off that military
coup d'etat. Taking advantage of the confusion thus created, the mobile radio
would have announced that there were plans to fire on French citizens, which
would have served as a pretext for French troops based in the Ivory Coast to
intervene in order to assure the safety of French nationals. The airport would
have been open to them thanks to the complicity of Lt Maurice Quedraogo, who
was responsible for its security.

[Question] Some observers believe that the sentences rendered were harsh....

[Answer] That's possible! But if the sentences were dramatic, there were also
numerous acquittals. We have two lists in our possession. The first includes
all those who were to be executed if the conspiracy had succeeded. It was ex-
haustive, believe me. The conspirators would not have used kid gloves. The
second list included the names of the future members of the "new government."

We would not have been understood by the Burkina masses if we had not demonstrated
firmness. Do you know that the people demonstrated in the streets to demand that
an example be made of the conspirators? And that they expressed their views at
length on the radio and in the press? The Revolutionary Court Martial noted the
confessions of the conspirators and handed down the verdict now known. Things
could not have been otherwise, especially since the anger motivating public
opinion was aggravated by the fact that this conspiracy had foreign ramifica-
tions. This proves, if there is any need to do so, how much the Burkina people
are devoted to the revolutionary process to which our country has been committed
since 4 August 1983. In my opinion, that should raise some questions among
those who are unwilling to understand the course of history.

[Question] You mentioned plots against your revolution. But hasn't it also
had its own problems? For example, Burkina's friends have been disturbed
by the dismissal of the minister of youth and sports, Ibrahima Kone, and the
statements aimed at the LIPAD (Patriotic League for Development). What about
this?

[Answer] I think that affair should not be dramatized. It is obvious that there
is friction within the government coalition. How could it be otherwise? The
situation in France between the PC [Communist Party] and PS is certainly similar.
But insofar as we are concerned, that has nothing to do with the LIPAD and the
Union of Communist Struggles [ULC].

11



ZAMBIA

ANC's Freedom College in Tanzania Visited
(Brendan Seery; THE DAILY NEWS, 8 Aug 84) ...ceececeeveee

Academic Views Nation's 5-Year Future
(Lawrence Schlemmer; SUNDAY TIMES, 12 Aug 84) w.ccvceooee

Increased Student Unrest Reported
(RAND DAILY MAIL, 21 Aug 84) .csceccvcecccccvecvccscvcees

PM Promises To Involve More English-Speakers
(Michael Green; THE STAR REVIEW, 25 Aug 84) ...eseceecvee

Msinga Tribal Feud Described
(Emielia Jaroschek; RAND DAILY MAIL, 25 Aug 84) ....seeee

Heunis Explains 'Consensus Journalism!
(Chris Heunis; SUNDAY TIMES, 26 Aug 84) .....6-

Lanseria Airport Marks 10th Anniversary
(Zenaide Vendeiro; THE STAR, 27 Aug 84) ..

SAMC Official Sees 'Free Press in Danger'
(RAND DAILY MAIL, 28 Aug 84) ..

Briefs
Escom Intelligence Unit

Bulgarian Education Assistance Hailed
(THE TIMES OF ZAMBIA, 17 Aug 84) wccscerercevcevcecevcers

India Pledges Agricultural Aid
(ZAMBIA DAILY MAIL, 24 Aug 84) .scccececececscecevccsvece

ZIMBABWE

Constitution Seen as Stumbling Block to New Legislation
(Brendan Seery; THE STAR, 24 Aug 84) ..

99

101

103

104

105

109

112

114

115

116

117

118



“Six men came running across the hills. There were three on either side of
wy husband. I do not know who they were. He ran several hundred years be-
fore he fell," the widow recalls. :

And where do the killer guns come from? If your firearm has been stolen it
could have been used, Capt Van der Westhuizen says.

The weapons recovered by the police speak for themselves:

~~A 12-bore shotgun--reported stolen in Honeydew.

-~A .303 rifle-~reported stolen in Booysens.

--A .38 revolver~-reported stolen in Booysens.

~-A .32 Special--reported stolen in Bramley.

--A 7,65mm pistol—-reported stolen in Hillbrow in June.

--Several Rl rifles--never reported stolen.

--A .303 rifle--reported stolen in Durban in June.

--A .38 revolver--reported stolen in Brakpan in May.

Capt Van der Westhuizen's detailed records of every firearm recovered (there
have been 140 since mid-April) show that most firearms in Msinga are stolen on
the Reef.

This month the 27 weapons seized included five Rl rifles.

A map in one of the many tents which house the Firearm Squad at Cugela Ferry
graphically shows the location of each Msinga tribe--the Majorzi, the Mtembu,
the Mabaso, the Bomvu, the Mricunu and the Zondi.

Life is rought for the squad. In sumer the tent poles get so hot that they
cannot be touched. Working at a desk or outside near mid-day is virtually
impossible. So patrols often set out before sunrise.

The latest problem that Capt Van der Westhuizen faces is in-fighting among
wards within each tribe itself.

The Mtembus are the latest victims of such in-fighting.
Capt van der Westhuizen's dearest wish is to stop the endless killing.
"There must be some way, but I can't think of it. I have stayed awake at

night trying to find the ultimate solution. Maybe it will still come to me,"
he says.

107



Problems are often solved beyond politics--indeed, the US President raids
universities and businesses to find the best advisers, and frequently these
advisers are not even members of his party!

Local or petty politics are not allowed to inhibit the country's ability to

compete.

In our case politics may well inhibit our survival in our present form; to
put it bluntly, if our top businessmen do not get involved in the management.
of our country they may as well start planning their emigration now!

And businessmen are prepared to get involved. But the degree of their involve-
ment must be affected by factors such as in-fighting between race and culture
groups, or the degree of subordination of economic reality to the political

ideology they encounter.

If they are to assist in managing the country they must be allowed to involve

themselves with a minimum of political constraint.

If the NP runs scared and
attempts to appease its cur-
rent conservatives, it will
put the brakes on change
and cause adverse interna-
tional and internal reaction.

It will also remove our
ability to counter the eco-
nomic threat.

Our Government should
become far more adventur-
ous. It should accept the
risk — indeed, it must be

rceived to be willing to

e the risk — of losing the
support of verkramptes still
in its ranks, and even of los-
ing a fair number of seats,
to win non-traditional sup-
port from English-speaking
voters and access to the
professional economic
management expertise it so
desperately needs.
If it does not, it will lose
- credibility internationally,
across the entire spectrum
internally, and drive the
English-speaking voters
back into apathy.
The social, political and
economic effects of such a
+ reversion to the past would
be frightening, particularly
in the light of the external
threats to South Africa.
For the first time since
1948, the balance of power
and the motive force for
change lie with English-
speaking South African vot-

Benefits

It is they who must com-
pensate for the loss of right-.
wing support in the NP.
Ther support, if won, will
change the traditional Afri-
kaner base of the NP.

Think of the benefits aris-
ing from a national govern-
ment rather @ per-
ceived Afrikaner
government — a govern-
ment representing the

broad sj of language
* and cultural groups in South
Africa. :

Bat the Government is
proving extremely slow
rea mm to the new situa’
tion in South Africa.

The acceptance of the
need for change is, unfortu-
nately, intellectual. The
emotive desire to attempt
tityand waity (utich hiseery

and unit ic
proves isa eA ) is Pritt
strong to enable the NP to
shed its right lightly.
placeney dle hard there

cency die ere
a blind nate i the leader-

ip’s al paper over
— or even fill — The wide
cracks in Afrikaner politi-
cal thinking.

‘There are still NP repre-
sentatives who are ps
closer in their ig to
thinking of the Prine Min

o e Min-
ister and his supporters.

66

The fundamental conser-
vatism of the Afrikaner is a
barrier to change that we
would do well not to under-
estimate.

It is difficult for the NP
to accept that, in shedding
its right, it will sacrifice ru-
ral constituencies. This is
the NP’s traditional
strength, and many of the
urban Afrikaners still cher-

ish their links with the soil.

, Distrust

The old entrenched north-
south suspicion is still
strong, and the motive force
for change is largely Cay
based. The traditional dis-
trust of Cape verligtheid

ts.

This is compounded by
the NP’s federal structure,
which, in the current cli-
mate, is a weakness. Pro-
vincial autonomy is jealous-
ly guarded, and provincial
loyalties and contributions
must be recognised — the
Prime Minister is thus in-
hibited in the choice of his
Cabinet, and cannot sur-
round himself with men
whose loyalty to the party
totally transcends mere
local loyalties.

There are major inhibi-
tions in the wooing of Eng-
lish-speaking South African
voters:



6. Motions, Resolutions and Recommendations

The delegates to the congress approved 44 motions, resolutions and recommen-
dations pertaining to the main political, economic and sociocultural concerns
of the people.

7. Election of the President of the Central Committee

Taking into account the will and the demand of the people expressed through-
out the national territory through the meetings, support marches and motions
of confidence in favor of Comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso, both by the base
structures of the party as a whole and by the mass organizations (UJSC [Union
of Congolese Socialist Youth], URFC [Revolutionary Union of Congolese Women],
CSC [Congolese Trade Union Confederation], UNEAC), the delegates to the
congress unanimously approved, with a standing and lengthy acclamation, the
reelection of the president of the republic as president of the Central Com—
mittee for a new 5-year term.

The delegates to the congress praised the exceptional qualities of the leader
emeritus, Denis Sassou-Nguesso, and proclaimed the just nature of the will of
the people, who have chosen to call him the man of the masses and the man of
concrete action.

Comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso thanked the participants in the congress for
their fidelity to the people and the confidence they had just placed in him,
and he promised to use every available resource to strengthen the leading
role of the party, to guarantee its links with the masses, and to create the
material and spiritual conditions capable of improving the life of the
people's masses.

8. Election of the Central Committee

On the recommendation of the president of the Central Committee, the dele-
gates to the congress unanimously and by acclamation, and in accordance with
the new statutory norms, elected a central committee with the following 75
members:

1. Denis Sassou~Nguesso 15. Andre Mouele

2. Louis Sylvain-Goma 16. Lucien Goueguel

3. Lekoundzou-Itihi-Ossetoumba 17. Richard Eyeni

4. Jean-Michel Bokamba-Yangouma 18. Dominique Bouhouayi

5. Raymond Damase Ngollo 19. Jean-Jules Okabando

6. Pierre Nze 20. Victor Tamba-Tamba

7. Francois Xavier Katali 21. Ange-Edouard Poungui

8. Jean Ganga-Zandzou 22. Jacob Okandza

9. Andre Obami-Itou 23. Alphonse Ondonda

10. Jean-Pierre Nonault 24, Ossebi-Oko

11. Raymond Ndombi 25. Sylvestre Mbongo

12. Josephine Mountou-Bayonne 26. Zephirin Mafouana~Makosso

13. Alphonse Mouissou-Pouati 27. Gabriel Oba-Apounou

14. Christophe Moukoueke 28. Albert-Servais Obiaka
21



ANGOLA

REPORT ON *COMANDANTE JIKA' COMBAT SCHOOL
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 29 Jul 84 p 12
[Articke by M. Correia]

{Text] The continuing state of war which has been inflicted on

us for several years by the enemies of our revolution and the
constant threat under which our martyred country is held by
international imperialism through the racist Pretoria regime,

its spearhead in Africa, have led us to take a series of defensive
measures to safeguard our revolutionary conquests, since a revolu-
tion cannot be considered as such unless it can be defended.

Our armed branch, the FAPLA [Armed Forces for the Popular Liberation of Angola],
which has been in existence for almost 10 years to the day, has demonstrated
its fighting ability in the field many times through its successive routs of
the exemy, notably the resounding victories over the UPA/FNLA/UNITA and mercen-
aries of several uationalities on the eve of our independence [and] over the
regular army of South Africa in 1976, as well as the victories at Kangamba,
Mulando, Mussenda, etc, Despite this glorious record--as we have said-~it
is absolutely necessary that our people maintain constant vigilance and, above
all, the highest level of political and combat training, bearing in mind that
“each citizen must see himself, necessarily, as a soldier," as we were taught
by our late beloved Comrade President Agostinho Neto, and also that "the most
important task at this moment is to defend our threatened country," as Comrade
President Jose Eduardo dos Santos has told us.

It is in this context that a political and combat training course was initiated

3 weeks ago at the “Comandante Jiko" Political-Military School, to provide the
leaders, officials, cadres and workers of the party, the mass organizations,

the mass media and the National Union of Angolan Workers (UNTA) with the necessary
political and ideological endowments.

The political-military training program is conducted every Saturday, starting
at 0600 hours, and will last for 10 months, we learned from a reliable source
yesterday when we went to the school to observe the various training sessions
at close hand.



TASK FORCE TO PROBE ILLEGAL BUNKERING SETUP

Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Jul 84 p 16

[Text]

cso:

3400/2139

_Warri Naval"

THE Federal. Military

" Goverriment has set up a task

force to probe all known’
cases of illegal bunkering in
the country.

The task force comprises
detachments from the armed
forces and the police.

This was disclosed on Wednes-
day by the Naval Commander in
charge of Tactical Naval Task
Force, Warri, Commander A.B.
Ajumogobia when he
courtesy call on the Bendel State
Military Governor, Brig. J. Useni

in his office.
He toid the governor that the
ibility f ral sons vite
responsibility for all ports in
Della area of the state as well as

* check all. illegal bunkering and

smuggling activities.
Commander Ajumogobia call-

ed for public co-operation in the
bid to eliminate illegal bunkering
and other, forms of smuggling.
capable of distabilising the na-
tional economy.

He disclosed that the shiv nee?
ed for the naval base duties would
arrive within a forthnight

Replying. Brigadier Useni
commended the Chief of Naval’
Staff for granting his request for
the establishment of a naval base
in the state.

This, according to’ him, had
become necessary to provide the
Recessary security in the Delta
area since external attacks could
come fom any where.

Brigadier Useni called on the
officers of the base to work hard
in ensuring that the base was
leveloped to the standard of ex-
isting ones in the country.

26

NIGERIA



SOUTH AFRICA

RENT ANGER IN SHARPEVILLE
Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Aug 84 p 5
{Article by Joshua Raboroko]

{MORE than 1 500 angry Sharpeville residents have resolved not to pay new
- house rents and service charges increases to be introduced by the Lekoa Town
Council as from September }.

H
The resolution was |
taken at an emotion-

[Text]

charged meeting held at
St Cyprian, Church at
; the weekend when resi-
; dents also called for the
boycott’ of shops and
other concerns owned
by councillors, whom
they asked to resign.

Members of the Secu-
Tity Police in two vehi-
cles watched the pro-
ceedings from a distance
amid shouting of black
power slogans and
chanting of songs by the
crowd which crammed
{the church.

Several leaders from
various political and
civic associations, in-
cluding the United

Democratic Front,

3400/2129

Azapo,Azanian Na-
tional Youth Unity, So-
weto Civic Association
and trade unions,
launched: a scathing at-
tack on the councillors
for increasing the rents.

Mr Tom Manthata, of
the Soweto Civic Asso-
ciation, said that when
councillors campaigned
under the new Black
Local Authorities Act,
they had promised that
rents would not be
hiked, but now they
have increased rents.

He asked the council
and the Government to
pay the rents in the
black residential areas
because “they are re-

95

sponsible for building:
apartheid houses for
blacks.”

Azanyu’s Patrick Bal-'
eka said most blacks
were already reeling un-_

‘der the escalating cost of

living and could not af- ;
ford.to pay high rents.
The delays in receiving
Unemployment Insur-
ance Fund payments. °
the increase in the Gen- -
eral Sales tax and the
high rate of unemploy- ;
ment have “frustrated :
most blacks.”

“The increase in rents
will be a heavy blow to
them,” he said. “We are
being robbed of our

rights.”



SOUTH AFRICA

GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS SPEND ABOVE BUDGETS
Capetown THE CAPE TIMES in English 23 Aug 84 p 15

[Text]

cso:

JOHANNESBURG. —
Government spending
for the first four months
of the current fiscal year
isrunning ata rate of 18,4
percent above last year.
But in terms of what
the average budgetted
expenditure should be
for four months, the de-
partments have over-
spent to the extent of 4,5
percent. All the excess
spending took place in
March and April.
State departments
spent R8,857 billion in
e four months ended
July 1984, compared with
R7,476 billion for the
_ Same period of last year.

Increase

In his Budget speech,
Mr Owen Horwood, the
then Minister of

“Finance, said that he
would try to hold the in-
crease in this year’s Bud-
get to 11,7 percent above

:last year's.

Total expenditure in
the original Budget for

3400/2141

the current year was esti-
mated to be R24,946 bil-
lion but this was in-
creased to R25,356
billion by additional ex-
penditure which was ap-
proved by Parliament.
This works out to an aver-
age of R2,113 billion a
month.

Mr Horwood said that
he would try to confine
the State departments’
monthly spending to one-
twelfth of their annual
budgets.

In April total spending
was R2,45 billion, in May
R2,316 billion, June
R2,054 billion with
2,037 billion in July.

Underspent

While some depart-
ment were, in terms of
the monthly average, un-
derspent at the end of
July, others appear to
have spent a bigger-than-
average amout of their
budgets.

The Departments of
Co-operation, Foreign
Affairs, Community De-
velopment, and Minerals
and Energy Affairs ap-
pear to be well within
budget, but the Commis-
sion for Administration
has spent three-quarters
of its appropriation of
R46m with eight months

go.
National Education

has spent R420m of its
total budget of R866m.

Defence is about
R100m over its average.

Industry and Com-
merce has spent R238m
in four months against an
annual budget of R575m.

Other departments
which appear to be over
budget at present are Ag-
riculture and Education
and Training.

Public servants

Some R267m appropri-
ated for “improvement
in conditions of service”
— benefits for public ser-
vants — is as yet unspent.

With expenditure at
R8,857 billion and rev-
enue at R5,928 billion —
very little changed fro)
last year’s collections —
the deficit before bor-
rowing, including repay-
ments of past borrowing,
amounts to R2,929 bil-
lion. This has been fi-
nanced by the raising of
R3,092 billion.

Bonds issued by the
Treasury have brought in
R1,937 billion, of which
R1,48 billion has been
raised by the new and
most popular bond, the
18 percent 2005.

Some of this stock was
raised by public tender,
some by tapping stock
into the bond market,
and some by issues to the

88

Public Invesment Com-
missioners.

InJune the PIC took up
stock to the value of
R217m. It is believed that
the PIC will take up
bonds approximately at
the rate of R200m as
month. |

Treasury bills have
brought in R1,418 billion
net. .

The Defence Bonus
Bond scheme appears to
be running into heavy
water. These bonds have
raised R42m so far this
year, but R51m has been
repaid.

Credits

Foreign loans and
credits raised amount to

@ 253m while R110m has

been repaid. Mr Hor-
wood budgetted to raise
425m abroad this year.

A breakdown of rev-
enue is available only to
the end of June. At that
stage income from cus-
toms and excise was at
R446m slightly. higher
than it was at the same
stage of last year.

Inland revenue at
R3,817 billion was R484m
ahead of 1983/84 and
most of this increase
came from general sales
tax which, at R1,211 bil-
lion, was R324m more
than last year.



The classes at that political-military training center are currently being
attended by party and government leaders, officials and workers of the party's
national headquarters and its branches, of UNTA and of Radio Nacional de Angola.
The next phase, which should begin soon, will include the OMA [Organization

of Angolan Women], from the leadership to the rank and file.

JORNAL DE ANGOLA's news team focused its attention mainly on the platoon which
included the party and government leaders, because of their total commitment

to this training, without any complexes, even though their instructor was only
a first lieutenant.

This group of leaders and officials were happily performing pushups, situps,
jumping jacks and so on, on orders from their instructor.

Despite the advanced age of some of these comrades, they exhibited an impressive
physical fitness,

The physical exercises, which lasted for about 50 minutes, were a real lesson
and an example for younger people.

We noted that this class included Colonel Pedale, minister of defense; Roberto
de Almeida, Cenral Committee secretary for ideological affairs; Mariano Puko,
commissioner of Luanda Province; Evaristo Domingos (Kimba), minister of pro-
vincial coordination and of agriculture; and Bernardo de-Sousa, first secretary
of the People's Assembly, among others.

It is also noted that, obviously, the members of this group will not attend
the political classes required of the other trainees.

6362
CSO: 3442/460



INKATHA MAY BOYCOTT INDIAN SHOPS

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 21 Aug 84 p 7

[Text]

cso;

THE possibility of stag-
ing a mass boycott of In-
dian-owned shops and
buses if the Indian com-
munity showed support
for the new constitution,
came under discussion
by delegates to the Inka-
tha Youth Brigade’s an-
nual conference at
Ulundi at the weekend.

The idea was raised
during the conference’s
group discussions, but
was not taken further.

When
passed their resolutions,
the resolutions which
tackled the issue of the
new constitution only
went so far as to call in
Indians and coloureds
not to vote in the forth-
coming elections and to
continue the struggle
against apartheid.

In his address to the
conference, which drew
about 8000 delegates
from 2000 Inkatha

‘branches during the

3400/2129

delegates ;

weekend, the president
of Inkatha, KwaZulu
Chief Minister Chief
Gatsha _ Buthelezi,
warned that black peo-
ple were angry at having
the new constitution
foisted on them. °

“We feel betrayed be-
cause so many of our
coloured and Indian
brothers and sisters are
rushing forward with
their tongues hanging

out to endorse the white .

Tejection of us in the ref-
erendum.”

Chief Buthelezi

94

pointed to the * crisis
in the South African
economy and said
countless thousands of
blacks were becoming
desperate in their fight
to survive.

“We are coming to a
most dangerous phase in
the history of our coun-
try,” he said.

“Comrades, it is our
duty to harness this
build-up of anger and di-
rect it in tactics and
strategies which work.”
(News by R Smith, 85 Field Street,
Durban).

SOUTH AFRICA



ANC'S FREEDOM COLLEGE IN TANZANIA VISITED

Durban THE DAILY NEWS in English 8 Aug 84 p 11

[Article by Brendan Seery]

[Text]

THE young man on duty at the boom across
the rutted track was hearty in his greetings:
“Hello, Comrades!” Nearby, a tanned, blond-
haired Scandinavian civil engineer was direct-
ing Tanzanian labourers working on a new
high-level bridge.

We clattered over the rickety low-level bridge
and into the campus of the ANC’s Solomon Mahlan-
gu Freedom College (SOMAFCO) — home to more
than 1200 people and one of the largest communities
of South African exiles on the African continent.

Although visits by foreign journalists and ob-
servers are fairly common in the community, an
invitation to a journalist from a South African news-
paper group to come and have a look around was
rare.

Having driven 200km along the potholed main
road inland from Dar-es-Salaam to Morogoro and
seen ample evidence that Tanzanians are among the
poorest people in the world, entering the ANC com-
munity was a surprise.

An abandoned sisal estate at Mazimbu, about
10km from Morogoro has been turned into a small
town. There were electric lights, a sewerage system,
telephone and telex to the outside world, a tarred
road with culverts, and more than 100 new buildings
— including a senior school and hostels, factories,
workshops and staff houses.

During the visit to the community, the reporter
was allowed a fairly free rein to see what he want-
ed, although at no time was he left without an
ANC “chaperone”. Taking of photographs was al-
ways strictly supervised.

No weapons in sight

There were no signs of military activity or any
indication that any weapons, defensive positions or
uniforms had been removed before the visit.

SOMAFCO itself began to take shape in early 1979
on 100ha given to the ANC by President Julius
Nyerere. When an ANC building team, led by one of
their engineers, arrived at the site, they found no
electricity, no running water or sewerage systems
and the old sisal estate buildings dilapidated.

99

SOUTH AFRICA



SOUTH AFRICA

BRIEFS

ESCOM INTELLIGENCE UNIT--JOHANNESBURG-~Security fears have led the Electricity
Supply Commission, (Escom), to establish South Africa's first non-State secret
ntelligence organisation. Escom says it will work closely with State in-
telligence bodies. And a small item in Escom's annual report but what

Escom would not elaborate on yesterday reveals that security is a major con-
cern, "Essential security measures at all Escom's installations account for
a significant percentage of total expenditure the report says. Last year
Escom spent R1.6-billion but would not say how much of that was on security.
The new super-sleuth section is being incopposated into the existing security
organisation which protects all Escom's installations. Another Escom report
says: ‘The intelligence section will determine specific threats against the
people of Escom and its installations, so that the necessary preventative
measures may be taken in good time.’ The same report says the signing of the
Nkomati Accord and other political successes ‘could incite our enemies to
violent deeds.' A spokesman said Escom was bound by legislation to organise
its own security but close contact was maintained with police and State se-
curity organisations. Escom's annual report also discloses that it had 'con-
tinuous liaison' with security organisations in other parts of the world.
[Text] [Kimberley DIAMOND FIELDS ADYERTISER in English 15 Aug 84 p 9]

cso: 3400/2141

115



SOUTH AFRICA

AZAPO LEADER EXPLAINS BOYCOTT, CAMPAIGN
Durban POST NATAL in English 15-18 Aug 84 p 10

[Saths Cooper, convenor of the National Forum and deputy leaders of AZAPO,
interviewed by Ameen Akhalwaya; date, place not given]

[Text]

O QUESTION: Is
Azapo’s policy only one
of boycott? Why is it not
seen to be actively cam-
paigning against the tri-
* cameral system?
COCOOPER: Azapo’s
position is that we be-
lieve the “new deal” is
merely one nail in the
coffin of the oppressed
and exploited masses.

There will be other
manoeuvres by the rul-
ing class to co-opt peo-
ple and sow the seeds of
division.

We have scrupulously
refrained from being an
organisation that mere-

_ly reacts to whatever
‘the racist/capitalist
system throws out. It is
against that background
, that we have been more
i positively concerned in
‘our organisational
strategy towards incul-
cating an active spirit
of anti-collaboration,
and thus strengthening
. resistance to the pres-
ent status quo.
;} _ Our basic premise is
: that we should work to
solidify the ranks of all
the dppressed and ex-
: ploited — that is, all
“those who have been
; denigrated and classi-

* fied in various deroga-
tory racist terms. :
: We believe we need
to build a spirit of na-
; tionalism — while not
; omitting to fuse the so-
: cial question — as a
prerequisite for suc-
cessful struggle.
The problem with re-
: stricting oneself to
«mere boycott calls and
reacting to every little
issue created by the rul-
ing class is that it per-
petuates political confu-

' sion and does not poli-
ticise people towards.
* the essential ingre-

dients required for a fu-
ture anti-racist, demo-
cratic, free and non-ex-
ploitative society, for
which we stand.

Credibility

Azapo has been deli-
‘berately underplayed in
the media because of its
uncompromising, prin-
‘cipled position. Indeed,
the day Azapo gets
widespread minion sta-
tus in liberal editorial
columns, it will have
lost all claims to revo-
lutionary’ morality ‘and
its credibility.

We have organised

62

door-to-door cam-
paigns, meetings and
Positive education pro-
grammes since before
the tricameral system
was announced, because
we recognised that such
an attempt at co-option
would be undertaken by
the ruling class.

In that process, we
have been clear about
not perpetuating a sep-
arate “Indianness” or
“colouredness” or “Afri-
canness” largely be-
cause such ethnicity is
not what is required in
a free Azania.

That is why we have
organised resistance to
co-option in all the loca-
tions and townships and
group areas where we
have a presence. The
“new deal” affects the
entire country, particu
larly the oppressed and
the exploited.

OCOQUESTION: Do you
reject it simply because it
does not include Afri-
cans?

OOCOOPER: We reject
it on the scientific and
historical basis that no
ruling class can ever
usher in meaningful
change or voluntarily



[Text]

cso:

INDIAN DOCTORS REJECT NEW CONSTITUTION

[Report by Sam Mabe]

OVER 200 Indian doctors and dentists
in Natal have called for the rejection of
the new constitution on the grounds
that it does not satisfy the political
_ aspirations of all the people of South
| Africa.

The doctors, who are members of
. the Natal Doctors Guild (NDG) have

: published their names — 210 of them
‘— in a full-page advert in the Natal-
based Sunday Tribune.

In another full-page advertisement
in the same newspaper, the National
Medical and Dental Association
(Namda) says poor clinic facilities, ris-
ing hospital and medical aid fees, staff

shortages and overcrowded hospitals -

will continue.

It adds: “Voting will not improve
our health. Health and finance are
general affairs and will therefore be in
the hands of whites. Indian and
coloured parliamentarians will be

: powerless to improve our health.
“Aftican people, who suffer most
| from ill-health, are left out of the new
constitution. Equal rights for all will
‘ bring complete health,” says Namda,
‘in an advertisement supported by con-
‘cerned doctors from six Natal hospi-
tals and a medical school.

3400/2129

Johannesburg -SOWETAN in English 20 Aug 84 p 5 =

In the’ newspaper's centrespread,
an advertisement with transposed
pictures of Mahatma Gandhi and Mr
George Sewpersadh, a Durban lawyer
and President of the Natal Indian
Congress (NIC), announces a mass
rally to celebrate the 90th anniversary
of the NIC on Wednesday at the Natal
University.

The advert recalls the launching of
the NIC on August 1894 by Mahatma
Gandhi in Durban.

“Ninety years later, on August 22,
1984, we come toget!.er to remember
our great leaders who have stood with
us. Protected us. United us. Against
passes, repatriation, unfair taxes,
group areas and dummy bodies.

“We have come a long way, let us
on August 22 this year pledge together
to continue our proud struggle for
truth, justice and equality for all.”

Meanwhile, the United Democratic
Front, launched in Cape’ Town last
August specifically to oppose the new
constitution, celebrated its first anni-
versary with mass rallies held at major
cities of the country.

68

SOUTH AFRICA



CONGO

THIRD CONGOLESE PARTY CONGRESS ISSUES STATEMENT
Brazzaville MWETI in French 1 Aug 84 pp 4-6

[Text] Pursuant to Article 12 of the party bylaws and the provisions of
Document No 84/034/PCT [Congolese Labor Party]/PCC/SG dated 20 April 1984
convoking the Third Regular Congress, the Third Regular Congress of the
Congolese Labor Party was held between 27 and 31 July 1984 at the Congress
Palace in Brazzaville, on the following theme: "Let us strengthen the
leading role of the party and the links with the masses, and let us consoli-
date the conquests of the working people through the pursuit of the goals of
5 February 1979 with a view to a more profound revolutionary advance in
unity, zealous work and peace."

The preparatory work for the Third Regular Congress involved all national
levels within and outside of the party, through the preparatory and advisory
commissions established by Documents Nos 83/063/PCT/PCC/SG and
83/064/PCT/PCC/SG dated 30 December 1963.

The organization of general assemblies and local congresses prior to the
National Congress reflected, on the one hand, the fidelity of the Congolese
Labor Party to the principle of permanent links with the base levels and, on
the other, was dictated by the need to take the mass line into account in the
leadership of the revolutionary process in our country.

The democratic discussions which developed in the course of these general
assemblies and local congresses, both within the country and outside it,
enabled the Central Committee to incorporate the precious contributions of
the regional party committees, the National People's Army (APN) and the party
committees abroad. These local congresses elected delegates to the National
Congress in full democracy.

Comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso, president of the Central Committee of the
Congolese Labor Party, president of the republic, chief of state and
president of the Council of Ministers, presided at the opening session of the
Third Regular Congress. Also present were his brother and friend, President
David Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, and more than 140 foreign representatives of
friendly and brotherly parties in Africa, Europe, Asia and Latin America.

This ceremony included:

--The salute to the colors;

13



CUTS IN AID FOR HOMELANDS ANTICIPATED

Johannesburg THE STAR in English 23 Aug 84 p 13

{Article by Malcolm Fothergill:

[Text]

cso:

The homelands -will probably

‘be first in line for any Govern-
ment spending cuts — thanks
in part to a little help from the
opposition Press, Institute of
Race Relations -director Mr
John Kane-Berman said last
night. “

Delivering a special senate
lécture at the University of the
Witwatersrand, Mr Kane-Ber-
man said an alarming change
was taking place in the way the
homelands were regarded.

Even those who opposed
apartheid were beginning to
accept that the homelands
were no longer part of South
Africa.

“It is alarming enough that
the Government should regard
the taxpayers’ money which it
channels to the 10 homeland
administrations as foreign aid
rather than the legitimate right
of the people who happen to be
living in those areas, some of
course by choice, othérs be-
cause they are confined there
by influx control or have been
removed there under the popu-
lation relocation campaign.

“What is doubly alarming is
the increasing tendency of
even those who do not support

3400/2141

the Government's separate de-
velopment policy to see the fi-
nancial relationship between
the central exchequer and the
homelands in the same light as
-the practitioners of ‘grand
apartheid’ see it.

“The opposition Press has
thus recently run a series of
headlines that tacitly accept
the Government's ideological
categorisation of the: home-
lands as no longer part of
South Africa. 1

“Thus we have The Star pro-
claiming ‘South Africa injects,
millions into homelands’ and
the Rand Daily Mail saying

‘Homelands hit South Africa’s

pockets’.”

ABSURD

Mr 'Kane-Berman said the
Opposition had been right to
point out recently in Parlia-
ment that some of the money
channelled to homeland admin-
istrations was squandered on
absurd projects.

However, the way the oppo-
sition Press seized on the at-
tack was clumsy. .

Whatever one’s political

96

SOUTH AFRICA

"Homelands Aid, 'First for Axe''']

views about the policy of sepa-
rate development, “one should
never overlook the fact that
there are nearly 12 million peo-
ple living in the homelands”.
The campaign to portray the
homelands as a burden on the

-_ taxpayer would have had a de-

sirable effect if it led to cuts in
amounts spent on projects such
as international airports.

But it would be unfortunate,
even tragic, if the homelands
were also forced to cut back on
education, pensions, welfare,

housing and general develop- ;

ment.

“There are already pressures
on the Government to cut back
on public spending, and it
seems likely that in South Afri-
ca, as in other countries, the
axe will fall first'‘on people un-
able to retaliate politically.”

The homelands were in the
weakest position when it came
to pressing their demands.

Mr Kane-Berman said a
Cabinet committee had been
set up early last year to look at
Political rights for black people
outside the homelands,

“What is implicit in this
seems to be that the political
rights of black people in the
homelands are already catered
for, which in my view is not the
case.”



increasing aggressive activities of the imperialists, whose barbarism is
sharply imposed upon the peoples in contempt of the rights of man and the
international laws. The participants in the congress, in this connection,
invited the forces of peace and progress to close ranks still further to face
up to international imperialism with a view to safeguarding peace, justice
and the well-being of the peoples.

On the domestic level, the delegates to the congress urged all the active
forces in the country to redouble their vigilance and strengthen the con-
quests of the working people with a view to a more profound revolutionary
advance. The members of the party should by their ethics, combativity and
efficiency strengthen the leading role of the party and its links with the
masses. The delegates to the congress recommended, moreover, more method and
discipline in the encouragement of the base organs of the party and the mass
organizations.

The participants in the congress took up questions pertaining to illicit
enrichment and the arrest of the former president of the military committee
of the party.

after profitable discussion, the delegates to the congress referred the issue
of illicit enrichment to the legislative authorities. Generally speaking,
the requirements pertaining to the ethics of party members greatly concerned
the delegates the congress, who decided to strengthen the party bylaws in
this connection. The question pertaining to the arrest of the former presi-
dent of the military committee of the party was referred to the Central
Committee elected at the Third Regular Congress of the Congolese Labor Party.

2. Economic Document

Where the economic document is concerned, the delegates to the congress
focused on the world economic situation, characterized by the crisis in the
capitalist system, the effects of which are seriously threatening the econ-
omies of the Third World. The participants criticized the greed of the
imperialists who, reaching like an octopus, take for their sole profit the
meager resources of the peoples of the Third World.

On the domestic level, the delegates to the congress reasserted the need to
provide our country with basic infrastructures with a view to opening up the
back country. They expressed satisfaction with the praiseworthy efforts made
by the party and the state to provide our country with a viable road network
which can, on a regular basis, guarantee interregional trade and the supply
of the urban centers, and the social achievements which are contributing in
clear fashion to improving the living conditions of the people.

The delegates to the congress urged the working people to labor more indus—
triously to guarantee the total success of the 1982-1986 five-year plan in
order to ensure a radiant future for our young people.

The participants in the congress then took up the second 1987-1991 five-year

plan. On this precise point, they noted a series of pursuits working toward
the harmonious complementary functioning of the two plans.

18



Ultimately, it could be this
factor which persuades most
Indians to stay away from
the ¢ polls lis.

Establishment parties talk

SAIC elections but are work-
Bg for & 15 to 20 percent

Deja vu
Between the ‘icipatin;
een e participating iB

eae pvel-organived

ichand aiibeet
He amighans ity of seats.

The prognosis for a
en
low percenta, in
the House of Dele; ates
tions, together ealth the
House of Representatives
showing, will leave
Africa with a terrible sense
of déja vu.
We were there before.
the NRC, the CRC, the Shier
the management commit-
tees, the new black local au-
thorities; all designed with-

out consensus, executed
ithout con-
vont prospects,

The Government faces a

Second Fight for Bosmont

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 7

[Article by Brian Pottinger]

[Text]

NOT so Jong ago it would have been resolved
nas ig way — the two level-pegged
ites would draw lots to see who would

win the election.
toent since those early Union the elec-
have heen shrenmtined,

sanitised.

Mr Arthur Booysen of the Freedom Party
and Mr D Nieuwenhoudt of the Labour Party
are going to bave to refight the Transvaal

of Bosmont after their 834-vote
tie on We y — the fourth in South
African electoral history.

e Internal Affairs officials said this week
athe date for the new election could be an-
pounced within a few days — thus sparking
another round of election fever and enabling

the Labour Party to bring its full election
machine to bear against mach smaller

Freedom Party.
In terms of the law the Returning Officer
has to declare a poll nul} and void if there is

“an exact tie. The vacancy remains and bas to

be refought.

‘The first electoral tie was recorded in the
1910 elections when the candidates for Vry-
Between geticmen by drawing et

pthe if secting = wing lots.
1 i tection yield Re two re Mar.

Candidates ted with} Kandla the later
was 943 votes. The electoral law — by this
time less adventurous — called for @ re-
match. The old South African Party won both
seats in the second round.

(Report: B C Pottinger, 77 Burg Street, Cape Town.)

Rural Voters Put Labor in Power

Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 26 Aug 84 p 7

{Article by Brian Pottinger]

(Text] , THE phot Party has
: predomi-

nant ee a pate —are-
rkably Eimiler con-
stituen profile to that of
the National Party in its
earliest days.
In Wednesday’s low.
elections the party el in

pee ast Ie just less S than ‘halt the
goloared opulation live —
to penetrate the

Cape ban heartland of the

ome hig a en pport —

* Jess educated and more con-

servative than the city com-

‘munities — could have a

47



400 WORKERS DISMISSED FOLLOWING STRIKE

Johannesburg SOWETAN in English 16 Aug 84 p 2

[Article by Joshua Raboroko]

[Text]

MORE THAN 400
workers employed at
Simba Chips, Isando,
have been sacked follow-
ing a two-day strike in

shop stewards.

Mr Chris Dlamini,
president of the Sweet
Fruit and Allied Work-
ers’ Union representing
the workers, said that

- management has re-
: fused on several occa-
, Sions to resolve the mat-

ter with the union lead-
ers.

The strike was
sparked-off after work-
ers had refused to work
“double-jobs.” Shop
stewards took the mat-

_ ter to management in an
‘ attempt to resolve the is-
- sue, but met with no

SUCCESS. 5
A company spokes-
man confirmed that
workers who went on
strike, were given an ul-
timatum, and subse-
quently dismissed.
Meanwhile more than
750 workers at BB
Bread in Natal, mem-
tf of SFAWU, went
on strike on Monday,

CsO: 3400/2129

demanding wage in-
creases other than those
negotiated at the Indus-
trial Council.

In another labour is-
sue involving SFAWU,

-a wage dispute between

the union and the Imbali

Brewery in KwaZulu -

has been resolved,
according to a statement
by both parties. The,
workers demanded a
minimum wage of R300
per month.

Regarding the Simba
issue, Mr Dlamini, who
is also president of Fo-
satu, said that he per-
sonally intervened in the
matter, but was given a
“raw deal” by manage-
ment despite the fact
that “we have a recogni-
tion agreement with the
company.”

“We are at the mo-
ment trying to find
means of fighting the is-
sue in court because we

92

feel management has
not bargained with us in

* good faith,” he said.

Two companies in
Durban and Uitenhage
— Tongaat Oil Products
and Volkswagen — have
successfully negotiated
with trade unions rep-
resenting over 4 000
workers to retum to
work following strikes.
The unions are the Na-
tional Automobile and

_ Allied Workers’ Union

and the African Food
and Canning Workers’
Union.

However the director

of the Centre of Applied
Social Sciences, Profes-
sor Lawrence Schlem-
mer, has announced that
only between 16 and 20.
percent of South Afri-'
ca’s labour force pres-'
ently belongs to trade
unions. He has pre-
dicted more strikes will
take place and that un-
employment will esca-
late. .

SOUTH AFRICA



NIGERIA

GROUNDING OF AIRCRAFT FOR SPRAYING MAY CAUSE CROP FAILURES
Kaduna SUNDAY NEW NIGERIAN in English 15 Jul 84 p 16
[Article by Emman Udoka: "Aerial Spraying of Pesticides Paralysed"]

AERIAL spraying of pesticides
on farm lai pean paralysed
fenowing bv grounding of near

1B near!
all aircraft involved in the exer-
cise...

As a result, large quantities of
(especial ain) 1 may be
lost this cana y

A prominent rice farmer from
Bauchi State told the Sunday New
‘Tigerian ae Kaduna how he lost

| “nearly ” of his to

“ last growing season due toleek of

aircraft spraying of pesticides.

‘Accordmg. to the source, con-
Federal Department of Pest Con

t Con-
trol Services for assistance, are
given motor vehicles which “‘can-
not do the spraying well.”

Contacted at the Department’s
Office in Kaduna during the
Ne'lsa, speaking. throvgh iis

la’lsa, 8) is
secretary, preferred to withhold
his comment on the situation “‘un-

{i after two weeks or so,” When
fort being to

“mobilise” contractors “for the

job, are expected to materialise.

3400/2139

However, an’ official of the
department, who e sur.
‘ise at the secrecy s| rl
Esue, hinted that the prevalent
difficulty in obtaining import
licence was responsible for the

situation.

“The jobs were contracted out
Jong ago. But the contractors
have their own problems, which
include lack of import licence for
materials need for the job,”
the official said.

The Sunday New Nigerian also
learnt that acting on suspicion,
that the contractors might have
collected mobilisation fees and
abandoned the jobs, crack detec-
tives were: deployed from
Alagbon Close, Lagos, a few mon-
ths ago to, investigate wy, the
spraying icides n
abandoned.»

Some officials of the contrac:
ting firms were repot ly ar-
rested | and whisked away to

gos for interrogation.

But when it was discovered
that other problems were respon-
sible for their inaction, they were
released, the source added.

30



--Presentation of the flag of the congress;

-~Greetings from the Pioneers, characterized by a moving cultural presenta-
tion and by the reading of extracts from the Pioneers' messages, region by
region. The Pioneers urged the delegates to the congress, the party and
the Congolese people to protect the revolutionary gains acquired through
the noble struggle of the party and the state since the 5 February 1979
Movement, under the far-seeing leadership of the president of the Central
Committee, Comrade Denis Sassou-Nguesso, whose reelection to head the party
and the state they urged; and

--Greetings from the APN, which renewed its indestructible confidence in the
president of the Central Committee, whose reelection to head the party and
the state it also urged.

This brilliant ceremony ended with the presentation of the 4-hour report of
the Central Committee by its president.

The participants in the congress followed this assessment report, which
clearly traced the activity pursued in the course of these last 5 years by
the party, the mass organizations and the state in the various sectors of
national life, with great interest.

This moral report, which the delegates to the congress approved, provided the
necessary clarification for the understanding of the justification for the
concerns of the party and the state as set forth in the political, economic
and sociocultural documents submitted to the congress for its evaluation.

On the political level, the president of the Central Committee redefined the
People's Republic of the Congo as a land of peace with a people mobilized for
independence, justice and peace, and resolutely committed at the side of the
other peoples of the world struggling for a prosperous mankind without the
exploitation of man by man. In order to allow the congress delegates to
assess the efforts undertaken in the past 5 years at their true value, the
characteristic aspects of the political situation before the victorious hold-
ing of the Third Special Congress in March of 1979 were recalled. Basically,
this situation was characterized by the following facts: a hostile attitude
toward the party and democracy, antiparty conduct, refusal to take up the
question of a return to democratic life and the rehabilitation of the Central
Committee, in the belief that the Congolese Labor Party and its mass organi-
zation had caused too much disorder to justify any credibility. All the
evils were blamed on the party and salvation was to be sought elsewhere.

Taking this situation into account, the Third Special Congress, the crowning
achievement of the 5 February 1979 Movement, allowed the Congolese Labor
Party to redefine its political line, to undertake an ideological clarifica-
tion, to rebuild the unity of the revolutionary forces and national unity and
to reassert that the current stage is that of the national, democratic and
popular revolution, with a clear content on the political, economic and
sociocultural levels.

14



cso:

no democratic Institutions to
act as hedges against abuse
of power. Even within white
society, the privileged, we
are only a democracy in the
most radimentary meaning

. Of the term.

|

» asagents of the

We have hardly any con-
cept of a multiplicity of sey
arate authorities with
own power bases.

We more or less accept
that all power flows from the
Government and, insofar as

there are provincial councils, »

city councils, school boards,
[poepieal committees,

boards and the like, these
either have minimal power
or are simply toact
ernment.

Benevolent

This might be contrasted
with the American situation,
in which literally millions of
separate bodies, great and
small, exercise fierce inde-

dence within the ascend-
framework of city, state
and federal Principles.
reat lemocracy pro-
vides a way to dismount the
er, bring an end to apart-
ta and create a healthy ex-
Pectation that the conse-
quences for ourselves will be,
at least, not worse than they
are now and more likely very
much better.
If we dig that democrac

cy
: in deep enough stretch the
web extens: ively enough,

then, at minimum, there is no

ibility of Amins or Bo-

Eassas making sudden grabs

for power or even Nyereres

grandiose one-party pla ta

one-party p!

change the economic strac-

ture.

At best, and more likely,

we will find a dual flowering
of benevolent forces.

On the one hand it becomes

le for black people in

e numbers to actively

and enthusiastically take

part in official public affairs,

On the other white society"

is finally enabled to oddress
social problems head-on in-
stead of constantly missing
the point.

/e could effectively tack-
le the issues which the inevi-
table process of urbanisation

+, Taises, instead of vainly try-

+ ing to deai with it by stopping

3400/2141

it.

Democracy, in this full
form, provides for enormous
diversity.

It provides for a system
which is big enough and
broad enough to contain the
variety of individual outlooks
and attitudes it incorporates,

Tolerance

It represents a kind of ulti-
mate federalism, if you like.

: It allows for a modest power

base for practic: evel
form of social crgenleeaae,
one can think of,

In particular, it allows for
cross-cutting representation
wherever possible. .

It might well be confusing,
it 4s certainly limited in the
sense that a society of this
nature precludes dramatic
change, even for the best.

But it is very conducive to
stability.

‘Take, for a brief example,
the case of a reasonably typi-
cal citizen — say a black in-
dustrial worker,

In a fully, intensively,
democratic society this fel-
Jow is positively bombarded
with a conf Tange of
democratic options.

Like his counterparts, of.
whatever colour or whatever
nationality, he is only mar-

lly interested in political

sues anyway.
- That is no matter, in fact
it’s fine. He does not need to

All that is necessary is that
he is locked into the strac-
ture,“that he should see his
own fulfilment as being with-
in the existing framework
rather than outside it.

In a simplistic one-man-
one-vote setup, such as would
eventually come when the

- holding operation which is

our present political dispens-
ation eventually cracks, this
imaginary typical person
would have a vote to cast for
an all-powerful central legis-
lature.

He would, doubtless, cast it
for some extremist black
party, mainly because he has

born and bred to believe
that the white man’s meat is
the black man’s poison, and
vice versa, .

However, in our fally, in-
tensively, democratic State,
the same person has inno-
merable votes to exercise

58

and in respect of each of
them he acts according to a
different set of imperatives.

In some respects his inter-
ests are the same as his white
colleague's, e they are
different.

In some respects his inter-
ests are the same as his
neighbour's, in some they are
different. And s0 on.

One effect is to attune him
to democratic tolerance. An-
other is to fecustom him to
the concept of electing ac-
cording to qualification and
ability rather. than simple
ethnic identity.

In such a structure stabil-
ity is assured. It is not depen-
dent on conscious goodwill, it
is assured by the very struc-
ture of the system itself.

In’ particular, in the South
African context, the white
man’s security is assured.

It ts no constitutional
privilege, it is now built into
the basic structure. .

Security

1 am well aware that this
argument, presented in ex-
cessive brevity, will appear
outlandish to many white
South Africans, and

After all, practically ev.

it as almost axi-
that when “white”
South African comes to an
end , Plack” South Africa will
take its place everything
will be upturned.

T am arguing that there °

need be no upturning at all,
no sudden, wishful expecta-
tions of turnabout, no fears of
chaos and dispossession.
Instead, the broad base of
intensive democracy could
Provide for the tical,

and stability of whites.
Of course, it would also
have been outlandish if pre-

sented in Rhodesia a mere |

ten years ago.

At the minimum, I-would
claim, we need to be able to
consider the possibilities of
what forms of democratic
poclety might yet come to ex-

We may be strong, but we
are not 30 that we can
afford to ignore the possibil-



cso:

3400/2141

‘The fact that the State President will
also be the chief executive will also put
a ter strain on their resources.

of members as face or giving in.
Members will be prevented
the consensus pro-

! from endangering

cess at this delicate gage of negotia:
, tion by pla via the media, to an
outside at

The media will get the opportunit;
to report on the iseies when the con.
mittees’ are tabled in the |
Houses of :

‘liament.
‘The media in South Africa played a

. big role in bringing about

form. I believe that in future they
will continue to probe, to question and

to help the peoples of South Africa to
reach en-eenaus

111



At one stage the financial burden became too much for the municipalities,
particularly Krugersdorp, and the airport was offered to the State which
declined to take it over.

Lanseria has been the subject of controversy ever since the bulldozers first
moved into the area.

Logal residents said the airport should never have been built in its present
location.

The noise disturbed their peace and their animals and they threatened to launch
barrage baloons to stop the aircraft flying over their farms.

In recent years the storm has abated considerably, although the trickle of
protest letters to newspapers and many calls to the airport suggest that

residents have not yet resigned themselves to the airport's continued--and
thriving--existence.

cso: 3400/2141

113



ANGOLA

FUEL DISTRIBUTION REPORTEDLY IMPROVED
Luanda JORNAL DE ANGOLA in Portuguese 29 Jul 84 p 12

{Text] During the second quarter of 1984, the branch office
of SONANGOL [National Angolan Fuel Company] in Kwanza-Norte
Province sold 1,583 tons and 588 kilograms of fuel (gasoline,
gasoil, gas and petroleum) and 8,200 liters of lubricants,
valued in all at 17,126,931 kwanzas, the Angolan news agency
ANGOP learned from SONANGOL official Domingos Antonio Borges.

The fuel was consumed by various state and private agencies, Borges said, adding
that, during that period, agricultural enterprises alone consumed about

191,500 liters of fuel. It is noted that, in the Ninth Advisory Council of

the Agriculture Ministry, held recently in Ndalatando, SONANGOL was blamed for
the interruption of activity for 15 days at the Camabatela agricultural complex.

Supplies of petroleum to the public have improved considerably over previous
years. SONANGOL distributed a total of 177 (200-liter capacity) drums to the
municipal organs of the Domestic Trade Ministry. The drums disappeared, a result
of the irresponsibility which is rampant in this sector.

SONANGOL has storage facilities for gasoil in Vila do Lucala,with a capacity
of 203,153 liters, and another two 25~liter tanks [as published] for petroleum,
which are not being used because the pipes have ruptured. The province is not
in a position to store gasoline because there are no storage tanks, although
there are plans to install them.

In that area, there is also a butane gas bottling plant with an 8,960-kilogram
capacity, which will go into operation as soon as construction is completed.

The SONANGOL provincial office blamed the private merchants for the irregularities
which are observed daily in the distribution of gas to the public. For this
reason, the Angolan Fuel Association has stopped supplying gas to merchant
Alberto Rodrigues Cabral; he has diverted an incalculable number of empty gas
canisters, which belong to the public.

6362
CSO: 3442/460



MORE SOUTH AFRICAN BUSINESSES LIQUIDATED

Johannesburg RAND DAILY MAIL in English 25 Aug 84 p 1

[Article by Geoffrey Allen]

{Text]

SOUTH African businessess

are currently being liquidat-
ed at the rate of 1,4 each
hour of every working day
— and that’s before the
Government's draconian
anti-Inflationary measures
announced on August 3
have taken grip.

During the past four months, an

average of 12 firms a day have been ;

into final liquidation.

...4n addition, consumer hire purchase
spending in the first six months of this
has risen 40% over the same period
last year to a massive R9900-million
while total savings have dropped 1,5% to
Ré4 700-million over the same time span.
The message from liquidators and a
major international credit agency was: “You

haven't seen anything yet.”
Hold on to hats is the firm signal.
In the first five months of this year, 1195
i and leading liquida-

has
“Rises ect
“1 e lem le
start esses On borrowed capital and run
overdrafts and then when this sort of

” thing happens they simply cannot pay the
Bie ePpens they ply pay

Cso: 3400/2141

90

to Mr Bow-.
man, middle-range com-.
are now also feeling

SOUTH AFRICA

atreet

vidual and company

indebtness and credit-wor+

thiness, said the civil actions

took place during a mini-
the beginning

boom towards
of the year.
Since then, the ern
ment has bank

25%.
Most lenders, however,

it re-
acent ofthe capital, 4
deeming a ce cap {an force the price as high as

debts against Lt eed
1 companies rose
47%, from R1 San boo Feb-
Tuary 1893 to R2700 000 in

%o.

“There will probably be &
significant deleriora ion in
payments in the comin;

1

whe a warning. (0 smal
“AS & Wi smal
tt eft tt
ness as Usual’ is to be

veahney fre going to have to
re-examine every transac-

tion to ensure that they can
be paid within the period
stipulated in the terms of



WARNING ISSUED ON NOT CURBING POPULATION

Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 17 Aug 84 p 1

[Editorial:

[Text]

“Our Population"]

SOME 145 countries and inter-
national organisations, includ-
ing 18 from the world’s least po-
pulated countries of Africa and
Asia, turned up at the 9-day
U.N.-sponsored Mexico con-
ference on population last week.
At departure, deiegates ap-
proved a final document titled

‘Mexico Declaration.’

The document noted that
lobal population growth rates
jad fallen from 2.03 to 1.67 per
cent but that total population
- was projected to grow by about
90 million annually untill the
jar 2000. It said $0 per cent of
@ population increase will be

@ developing countries”

which would have a combined
population of some 6.1 billion by
je end of the century.

. The dectaration called for an
early action to control popula.
tion growth, curb death rates
and resolve problems arising
from immigration.

No matter how hard we try as
a nation, Nigeria cannot escape
having to come to terms with
the Issues: ralsed at Mexico.

‘There are many who would
describe. our position on
population today as worse than
untenable. The country’s popu-
ation Is spoken of by foreign or-
ganisations and individuals
usually in terms that suggest
Its rate of growth is cataclysmic,
multiplying itself by 3 per cent

each year and set to double
every 20 years.
CSO: 3400/2136

For all that, the Nigerian is
surely more fikely to react in
embarrassment than alarm
when confronted with such sta-
tistics. He simply has no figures
to go by — any figures. He ta-
-bours under UN-Inspired
guestimates that put our num-
ber at between 80 and 100, even

-120 million. irrespective how- ;

ever of whether there are 50, 100
or 150 million Nigerians, there is
already a large measure of the
usual manifestations of over-
population: environmental de-
gradation, malnutrition, high
unemployment rate, social tur-
bulence etc.

Therefore, aside from deter-
‘mining just how many we are,
our nation will do well to exa-
mine the arguments for bringing
her population growth under
firm control. From the point of
view of politics and economics,
the country seems an uncon-
trollable enough place as It is.
This having given rise to vague
but falacious belief that we are
heipless in the grip of forces we
cannot control. But we surely
do have a choice and do not need
to drift into position of willing
victims of fate. A nation, no less
than an individual, possesses
‘will-power to direct its own
destiny, to learn from the expe-
rience of others and the power
to choose to be ugly or beautiful.
:. Since It stands to reason that
‘we want the best for ourselves,
there Is an ample need to

lan all aspects of our national

fe. The time to plan our popu-
lation growth is now.

35

NIGERIA



NEW PLANS FOR REMOVALS REPORTED
Johannesburg THE STAR in English 24 Aug

{Article by Eugene Saldanha]

[Text] The Government has no inten-
tion of stopping removals from
“black spots” and is devising
new and sophisticated mea-
sures for carrying out reloca-
tions, says the Transvaal Rural
Action Committee (Trac) in its
latest newsletter.

The committee, which moni-
ytors developments in areas
‘threatened with relocation,
; Says the authorities have per-
: Sistently refused to deal with
3 the elected leaders of commun-

ities threatened with removal.

: “These removals are taking
place at a time of recession.
There is simply no validity in
the Government’s claim that
“removals are economically jus-

- tified. >’

IDEOLOGY

t__ “There is no moral justifica-
j tion — the only justification
can be in terms of the apart-
' heid ideology,” says Trac.
}- The committee has docu-
imented the latest develop-
iments in the “black spots” in
; the Transvaal and Northern

Cape.
| @ Mathopestad: This is a fer-
“tile, well-watered area in the
<. Western Transvaal near Boons.
Its inhabitants have held title.
deeds to the land since 1910.
The intention is to move. the
community to Onderstepoort
near Sun City — an “unhealthy
bushveld unsuited to agricul-
ture and, since the severe
drought, completely devoid of
: water”. Trac reports that the -
} community is determined not
to move.

84 p7

‘@ Bethanie: In February this
year the Bakwena tribe were
forcibly loaded onto govern-
ment trucks and taken from
their tribal land of Mogopa to
the resettlement camp of
Pachsdraai near Groot Marico.
The Bakwena refused to stay in

_ this arid area, and began the
long trek.to Bethanie, land be-
longing to their paramount
chief.

In Bethanie they were given
places to stay as refugees. The
community, which lives in tem-
porary shacks, is presently fac-
ing water problems. Trac says
the loss of Mogopa still hangs
heavily over the community,
who are now trying to build a
school and provide water.

.» OFFICIALS

@ kwaNgema: Trac reports
that a discredited leader, Ga-
briel Ngema (whom officials

were dealing with) died in Feb- :

ruary. Since officials failed in

their attempts to take his cof- ;

fin to a proposed resettlement

area, they ave been “ominous- *

y ” silent, says the committee.
‘he popularly elected Ngema
Committee is determined to
Stay in the area.

‘@ Driefontein: There has been a
leadership void since Saul
Mkhize was shot and killed last
year. “Mr Mkhize’s death unit-
ed the community, and has
made them more determined
not to move. In late February
Co-operation and Development

97

SOUTH AFRICA



STEEL COUNCIL SACKS 300--THE National Steel Council, Exploration and Mining
Division, Kaduna, has laid-off about 300 junior workers. The New Nigerian
gathered that the staff involved were clerks, cleaners, messengers, labourers
and watchmen who were on salary grade levels 01 to 02 and who have served the
council for between five and 11 years. According to one of the retrenched
workers, Malam Mohammed Abdu, a clerical assistant in administration section,
workers affected were mainly from administration, accounts, drilling audit

and laboratory departments. He said those affected in other departments would
receive their letters of termination in due course. In the letter of termina-
tion addressed to the 300 workers and signed by H. Abdurrahman on behalf of the
director of the council, it stated that "in view of reduction in our explor-
ation activities due to financial constraint, the council is forced to act down
on her manpower requirements. We regret to inform you that your services are
no longer required with effect from August, 1984". [Text] [By Shitu Saude]
[Kaduna NEW NIGERIAN in English 18 Aug 84 p 16]

CSO: 3400/2136

38